The Gardener's Chronicle. Ser. 3 Vol. 77.1925

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ተርፎ 27, 1925.

THE

GARDENERS CHRONICLE

A ‘Weekly 3liustrateh Journal

HORTICULTURE AND ALLIED SUBJECTS

(ESTABLISHED 1N 1841.)

VOL. LXXVIL—THIRD SERIES.

JANUARY TO JUNE, 1925.

LONDON
5, TAVISTOCK STREET, COVENT GARDEN, W.C.2.

1925.

J cxe 27, 1025.

Gen.
Lox.

(Fon SPECIAL. HEADINGS SEF UNDER ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS ; BOOKS;

A

A BERDEEN, PROPOSED NEW
for, 140

Abies numidica, 18.)

Abutilon vitifolium, 339

.XAceanthosabal, 91. 306

Acer Henryi,. 193

Achimenes, 250. 302

Acworth, Sir Wm. M. (The
Elements of Railway Economics).
132

Adelaide Botanic Garden, 158

Advettisements — disfizuring the
country-side, 68

Agricultural scholarships, 86

Agricultural Society 8 heavy losses,
404

Agricultural Wages Board, 426

Agricultural markets: unemploy -
ment insurance for, 345

* Albert ‘Truffaut " prize, the,
140

Aldenham House Gardens, 366;
the garden staff at. 29

Allan, Donald (Sweet Pea Culture),
75

Allan, Mr. A. N., retirement. of, 68

Allium subhirsutum, 77

Allotment Holders’ Congress. 324

Allotments, 213, 340 ; in Scot-
land, 158

Almond: as a town tree. 234;
date of flowering of the, 184

Alnus viridis var. mollis, 41

Aloysia citriodora, 267

Alpine Rarden, 7, 21, 38. 56, 74,
9], 111, 125. 141, 165, 186,
199, 213, 234, 263, 287, 298,
313. 351. 399, 407. 437, 454

Alpine house at Kew Gardens, 52

PARK

Alpines, the raising of, from
seeds, 180

Alstromeria, 90

Alum as a slug and snail

destroyer, 14, 376

Amateur ? what is an, 153

America: flower shows in. 30;
Narcissus eclworm = disease in.
49: notes from, 12; the bulb
problem in. 17:

Anagallis tenella, 373

Androsace Chumbyi, 199

Androsaces for suburban gardens,
234

Anemone japonica, 165: A. palmata,
438; A. Pulsatilla, 74 ;

Anglo-Belgian Ferry Service, the,
33

Annuals for conservatory and
greenhouse decoration, 10, 36.
72, 90, 027. 164. 216. 240,
266, 353. 392

Answers 10 Correspondents :
Annuals rabbits will not destroy,
443; Apple shoots — disensedd,
30: Apples. Plums and Chernes
for Esthonia, 120 : Asparagus,

green versus. blanehed, — 156 ;
Azieas failing, — 135; Beech
bark diseased, 343 2. Be :on:a

Gloire de Lorraine, the pro-
pagation of 244; Box tres
bark damaged, 343: Broad Beans,
insects attacking. $534; Broccolt and
Brussels Sprouts diseased, 210) ;
Brown rot fungus on Cherries.
443%; Brussels Sprouts, Cabbage

root fly on. 443; Cabbage
root fiy on Brussels Sprouts,
443 : Cedrus Libani. 30 ;

('ከ8[ርየ grubs attacking Straw-
berries. 385: Cherries, brown

INDEX OF CONTENTS.

JANUARY TO JUNE,

1925.

PLANTS, NE

rot fungus on, 4143; Chrysan-
themum leaf rust, 156; Chry-
santhemums, flowering season of,
156 ; Cucamber: diseases, 459;
leaves unhealthy, 328: Cyaniding
a vinery, 30; Daisies on a lawn,
to eradicate, 138; Egg-shells,
crushed, as a substitute. for
lime, 102; Ericaceous plants,
soil for, 244 ; Euonymus.,
pruning newly-planted. — 214;
Garden boys and labourers,
tax on. 48; Gardening as a
profession, 66 ; Gooseberry
cluster cups, 443; Grains of
Paradise, 260; Grapes: diseased,
404; failing to ripen, 30;
Creen growth on veranda steps,
to remove, 138; Hellebores
failing to flower, 30; Herba-
ceous border, twelve good
plants for an, 210; Hollies,
transplanting. 343; Insects on
plant roots, 276; Iris leaf-
blotch disease, 174; Ir.s tingi-
tana, 30; Kew students’
emoluments, 343; Lawn, moss
on a, 138; Lead, arsenate of,
459; Leaf - mining maggot,
138 ; Lily-of-the-Valley m
Bombay, 244; Lonicera nitida
as a hedge plant, 138;
Maggots attacking Tomatos,
328; Magnolia pumila and
M. Coco, 102 ; Muidonhair
Ferns, weevils attacking. 244;
Moss on a lawn, 138; Mush-
room house, 459; Mushrooms,
varieties of, 443; Nettles and
weeds, to keep down, 459 ; Paraian
and ornamental waters, 4233;
Peach tree attacked by silver
leaf, 244; Pear twigs dying.
156 ; Pelargonium leaves
damaged, 244; Pergola, furnish-
ing a large, 210; Rhododen-
dron, an insect pest of, 328;
Rock plants easily raised from
seeds, 48; Roses nnd Pansies,
313; Roses, planting, 192;
Rust on Chrysanthemum leaves,
156; Schizanthus, mildew on,
210; Sea sand. 84; Shrubs:
dwarf-growing evergreen, 30;
for an elevated garden, 244 ;
Snowdrops, twin-flowered. 174 ;
Soil for Ericaceous plants, 244;
Spruce and Honeysuckle, col-
lapse of, 423: Strawberry bed,
chafer grubs in a. 3825; Yul-
phuric acid and water, 228;
Sweet Pea buds dropping. 385;
Tax on garden boys and
labourers. 48; Tennis court,
construction of a hard, 385;
Tomatos : attacked by maggots.
328; damping off, 276; ‘Turf
bank, cleaning a, 459; Vinery l
cyaniding a, 30; weevil in a,
328; Vines, loose bark on,
102; Violas. tho propazation
of, 385; Violet leaves diseased,
120; Watercress, the cultivation
of, under glass, 138 ; Weeds on
a shingle drive, 138; Weevils :
in a vinery, 328; attacking
Maidenhair Ferns. 244; White
worms, 443; Wistania multi-
juga. 244; Yew shoots: big
bud on, 443; galls on. 120

Anthericum liliastrum, 165
Antiquity. the

garden in, 94,
130, 184, 284. 374, 436

Antirrhinum, the 10

Aphides, 153

Aphyllanthes monspeliensis, 69

Apiaries, examination and cer-
tification of, 278

Apples : Betty Geeson, 223 ;
Cockle’s Pippin, 205; Cox’s
Orange Pippin, 13, 46, 64 ;

Duke of Devonshire,
Gravenstein, 223; Irish Peach.
133 ; Lady Sudeley, 44 ;
Laxton's Superb, 13; Lord
Burghley, 205: Lord Hindlip.
205; Mabbott's Pearmain, 115;
Radford Beauty, 206; St.
Everard, 133

Apple fertilisation and ከ668, 29,
45, 64, 81, 99, 116, 225, 242, 274

Apple-leaf scorch, 188, 223, 242,
273, 274, 288, 303, 372, 401,
419, 440, 455

Apple packing in Nova Scotia, 31

Apple scab, 439

Apple storage experiment, 419

13, 205 ;

Apple, the best early, 43, 81,
99, 133
Apples: and Plums in Suffolk.

439 ; biennial cropping in, 378;
dessert, 206 ; four good-flavoured.
for February and March, 205;
some useful late, 26

Apera arundinacea, 38

Ardisia crenulata, 128

Arethusa bulbosa, 215

Arisarum proboscideum, 10)

Arluison, Mr. G., presentation
to, 211

Arctotis aspera var. arborescens. 451

Armeria Ruby, 454

Asparagus, 208

Asparagus beds. duration of, 241

Arcid House at Kew. 222

Astilbe simplicifolia, 91

Astilbes, 183

Azalea Albert-Elizabeth, 161

Azaleas, Kurume, 230

Azara Gilliesii, 185

Back TO THE LAND, 83

Baikiaea insignis, 239

Balmoral, new head forester at, 122

Bamboos, 398

Banana in Uganda. the, 99

Bangor, the winter at. 154

Bark slitting, 340, 439

Barrenworts. 314

Bartlett, Mr. A. C., 122

Bean, W. J. (Shrubs for Amateurs),
146

Beans: forcing
Runner, 29

Beauty spot for the Nation, 8. 86

Beckton, Mr. Bertram J., 262

Bedding plants, hardening, 298

Becs: acarine disease among, 293 ;
and Apple fertilisation, 29, 45.
64, 81, 99, 116, 225, 242, 274;
and flowers, 330

French, 28;

Bellis rotundifolia coerulescens,
250
Bell, Mr. David, jubilee cele-

bration of, 406

Begonia manicata, 200

Benmore Estate gifted to Forestry
Commission, 121

Berberis, 347; B. Soulicana, 9

Bertolonia and Sonerila, 432

Biffen, Prof. R. H., honour for,
18

Big bud in
bushes. 46

Bignonia and

Currant and Nut

Tecoma, 250

OERTIFICATED PLANTS, ETC. ; NURSERY NOTES |
W; SOCIETIES; AND ILLUSTRATIONS).

Boorman, Mr.

Botany and forestry

Broccoli, Bouquet, 401;

Brunton, Mr. J. S.:

The Gardeners’ Chronicle.

OBITUARY ;

Birds and fruit buds, 173
Blackmore, R. D.,

centenary of
birth of, 406

Bog garden, 93, 373, 453 |
Books, notices of :— Botanical Magn-

zine, 32, 175; Colcur Planning
of the Garden (G. F. Tinley, .
T. Humphreys and W. Irving),
113; Common-sense Gardening
(WW. W. Pettigrew), 239; Ccunty
Court Practice mado Easy, 132;
Dahlia Year-book, 247; Das
Rosenbuch (Wilhelm Mutz? and
Camilo Schneiders, 39; Dic
Gartenpflanzen im alten Acgyp-
ten (Ludwig Keimer), 183:
Einjahrsblumen (Paul Kache
and Camillo Schneider), 39;
Experiments in Plant Hybrdi.
sation (Gregor Mendel), 405:
Flowering Plants of South
Africa, 277; Flowerinz Trees
and Shrubs (4. J. Macself),
168; Gladioli (A. J. Marself),
454; Journal of the R.H.S.
Gardens Club, 176; Kew Guild
Journal, 212; Les Fruits de
France (Henri Leclerc), 372;
Moderne Probleme im Gartenbau,
205; My Garden Book (John
Weathers), 61; Practical Pruning
J. W. Morton). 146; Rock Gar-
ening (Walter Irving) 455; Rose
Annual, 219; Shrubs for
amateurs (W. J. Bean) 146;
Shrubs of Indiana (Charles C.
Deam), 239; Successful gardens
for every amateur, 247; Sweet
Pea Annual, 86; Sweet Pea
Culture (Donald Allan), 75;
The Elements of Railway
Economics (Sir Wm. M. Acworth),
132; The Enemies of the Rose
(Fred. V. Theobald and John
Ramsbottom), 256; The Four
Gardens (Handasyde), 205; The -
Fruit, Flower, and Vegetable
Trades’ Year Book, 61; The
Fruit Grower Directory and
Handbook, 61; The Horti-
cultural Exhibitor (A. J. Mac-
self), 400; The Romance of the
Fungus World (R. T. Rolfe and
F. W. Rolfe), 286; The story
of the British Annelids (Hilderic
‘riend), 168

J. L., retirement
of, 68

Botanic Gardens, Government, 39
* Botanical Magazine," 32, 175
Botanical survey of the Empire,

a, 245
‘in Hong
Kong, 67

Boyd, Mr. James, honour for, 329
Bower, Prof. F. O., honour for,

405

Brambles, white-stemmed, 72
Brasso-Cattleya Warnham Beauty,

240

Bravoa germiniflora, 51
Brazil Nut, the, 45. 99. 349
Brierley, Dr.
Brighton, improvements at, 23
Bristol Floral Féte, 194

British Carnation Society, 99
British Mycological Society's ex-

William B., 104

cursion to Cambridge, 426
sprouting,
80 j

Browallia, romance of the genus,

310, 331

honour for,
262; presentation to,* 135. 310

IV. The Gardeners’ Chronicle.

Brussels Sprouts, 12, 208, 419

Bulb garden, 25, 33, 51, 77, 108,
126, 195, 218, 231, 270, 279,
207, 413, 436, 456

Bulb-growing industry, 158

Bulb problem, the American, 17

Bulb show at Kilmarnock 211

Bulbophyl'um Sillemianum, 200

Bulbs, importation . of, into
Switzerland, 84

Bullock, Mr. A., 278

Buttercup: a fasciated, 409; the
glossy petals of the, 365

Cc

CABBAGE, THE SAVOY,
Skunk, 294
Cabbages, Spring, 241
Cactaceae, a new genus of, 415
Calanthe, 182 .
Caltha palustris fl. pl, 453
Calypso borealis in Japan, 393
Camassias, 430 —
Camellia, the, 254
Campanula Portenschlagiana, 298
Canada, the flora of, 85
Caned'an Horticul‘ural Ccuncil’s
gold medal award for 1924, 245
Cannas, 198; the best, 31
Cantua Lux folia, 200
Capsicum or Pepper, 27
Carnation Baroness de
108, 173, 198, 242, 289
Carnation competition, a, 79, 135,
172, 225
Carnations: 91; cutting back
perpetual-flowering, 107; new
. American, 53; new perpetujl-
flowering, 42, 183, 370; per-
. petual flowering, 3, 64, 128, 164;
rust in perpetual-flowering, 128
Carver, the late Mr. George, 18
Cassiope tetragona, 200
Cattleya Trianae x C. Mossiae, 427
Caulifl »wers, 28
Ceanothus Veitchianus, 431
Celosias, 298
Cereu: flacell'formis, 19
Certificated Plants:—Acer Pseudo-
p'atanus var. brilliantissim. um,
325; Acidanthera candida, 457;
Ageratum Little Blu» Cloud,
420; Anemone hortensis Blue
Gown, 325; A. sylvestris
var. Spring Beauty, 357; Aza-
lea Coquette, 357; A. Hol.
]and'a, 325; A. Marion Merri-
man, 357; A. Mary 357; A.
Mary Waterer, 357; Berberis
Farrer, No. 353, 357; B.
porun var. coccinea, 290;
rasso-Cattleya Apollo, 403;
B.-C. Apollo var. Earl of
Chester, 402; B..C. Beaumont,
327; B..C. Bianca var. Aurea-
mine, 82; B..C. Cliftonii, Beard-
wood var. 403; B.-C. Jupiter
Empress, 402; B.-C. Jupiter
var. Ashworthiae, 403; B..C.
Vilmoriana, Rutherford's variety,
258; Brasso - Laelio - Cattleya
Rcumania, Edgemoor var., 403;
Calceolaria pratensis, 457 ; Cam-

340; the

Brienen,

steno-

parula persicifolia gigantea
coronata Shirley, 457; Car-
nations : Cameron, 242 ;

Froyle Beauty, 420; Hercules,
82; Marchioness of Salisbury,

242; Master Michael Stoop,
243; Red Laddie, 357: Shot
Silk, 242, 259; Cattleya Ash-
lands, 403; C. Caroline, 117;

C. Chelsea, 355; C. Douaii var,
` Imperator, 258; C. Douaii var.
Qu3en Mary, 228; C. Jupetus.
190; C. Schrcderae var. Her-
cules, 289; C. suavior var.
Hercu'es, 355; C. White Em-
press, 47; Cineraria Beauty of
Cambridge, 325; Cistu: ladani-
ferus immaculatus, 421 ; Clematis
quinqu»foliata, 458; Crocus
Bu» Butterfly, 155; C. chry-
santhus var. Bumble Bee, 82;

INDEX.

Don cod — c C c m Cc c cc) CC c C cc c cc — — —

'C. chrysanthus var. Snow
Bunting, 46; Cyclamen per-
sicum var. Shell-pink, 155;

Cymbd um Alexanderi, Overlea
variety, 190; C. Alexanderi
var. Pink Pearl, 403; C. Alex-
anderi Westonbirt var. 225;
C. Bullfinch var. Brilliant, 190,
225; C. Butterfly Westonbirt
variety, 117; C. Curlew, Wes-
tonbirt variety, 117; C. Cygnet,
Holford's var., 225; C. Goos-
ander, 117; C. Flamingo var.
roseum, 190, 225; C. Landrail,

225; C. Lapwing, 117; C.
Miranda, Westonbirt variety,
190, 225; C. President Wilson

var. magnifi um, 225; C. Red-
shank, 154, 225; C. Redstart,
Crimson-lip variety, 117; C.
Redstart var. elegans, 225; C.

Tityus, 190; C. Vesta var.
Thelma, 259; C Victrix, 355;
C. Virgo var. Guinea, 355;

C. Warble, Westonb rt variety,
117; Cypripedum Asion, Bol-
holt variety, 101; C. Aureoma,
156; C. Cardemona Haddon
House variety, 228; C. Carde-
mona var. Beta, 3258; C.
Chloris, 48; C. Chrysostom
var. Conyngham, 605; C. Dora,
15; C. Gold Mohur, 117;
C. Gundo, 156; C. Gwen
Hannen var. Field Marshal,

46; C. Irishii, 48; C. Memoria

F. M. Ogilvie var. majesticum, 65;
C. Memoria F. M. Ogilvie, var.
Rex, 117; C. Minotaur var.
Bonita, 48; C. Mrs. Eley var.
Derrick, 46: C. Mrs. William
Pickup, 82; C. O. O. Wrigley,
201 (see also p. 403); C. Robert
Paterson, 117; ©. Robert
Paterson var. Brilliant, 154;
C. Sandru, 15; C. Sandru var.
aureum, 15; C. Stamperland,
48; C. Stamperland var. Alpha,
46; C. The Admiral 47; C.
The Captain, 101; C. Tle God
Pan, 48; C. The God Pan
var. Bacchante, 48; C. The
God Pan var. Excelsior, 48;
C. The God Pan var. Pipes of
Pan, 48; C. The God Pan var.
Silenus, 48; C. Thomer, 15;
C. Titania, 15; C. Toy, 209;
C. Troimer, 15; C. Vega, 101;
C. Victoria 48; C. Worsleyi,
46, 47; Dendrobum Florence
E. King, 154; D. Griffithianum
superbum, 403; D. variabilis,
Bolholt variety, 209: D u'zia
scabra latifolia, 458; Dianthus
Giant-flowered frilled, 458 ; Dios-
ma uniflora, 357; Doryanthus

Palmeri, 357; Echum Wild.
prettii, 421; Freesias:. Lemon
Queen, 117; Orange King,
117; Wistaria, 191; Galanthus
byzantinus, 117; Gladiolus
Mackinderi, 290 ; Haberlea

rhodopensis var. Austinii, 308;
H. virzinalis, 308; Hemero-
callis Winsome, 458; Heuchera

Pink Del'ght, 420; Hippea-
strums: Black Beauty, 290;
= Iceberg, 230; Pink Blossom,

200; Hydrangeas: Neige Orlein-
8180, 420; Pars fal, 423; Pasteur,
420; Irises: Wattii, 290; Wedge-
wood, 82; Ju:lans cathayensis,
203; Kitchingia uniflora, 155;
Lachenalia Excelsior scedlings,
155; L. glaucescens (?), 259;
Laelio-Cattleya Beatrice de Her-
riard, 457; L-C.Frederick Boyle
var. Fascinator, 101; L..C.
Hassalli', Cowan's variety, 355;
L.-C. H. T. Pitt var. Superba,
190; ፲...ር.. Orange Blossom
var. magnifica, 2890 ; L.-C.
Pepita var. splendens, 46; L..C.
Sheila, 154; Lycaste Skinneri,

Cussons’ variety, 136; L. Skin-
neri var. Hardyana, 137; Mil.
tonia Beau Brummel, Pitt's
variety, 190; M. Princess Mary,
325; M. Princess Mary var.
majalis, 355; M. vexillaria var.
Rajah, 420; M. William Pitt,
Stamperland variety, 117; Nar-
cissi: Beauty of Radnor, 323;
Beersheba, 274, 323; Bodilly,
227 ; Dactyl, 323; Dawson City,
274; Discoed, 323; Dominick,
227; Godolphin, 192; Godrevy,

227; Irene Copeland, 260;
. Jubilant, 274; Kingcroft, 274;
Lady Diana Manners, 274;

Mary Copeland, 291; Medusa,

191; Milkmaid, 227; Mity-
lene, 323; Morocco, 326; Mrs.
John | Robinson, 320; Mrs.
Pirie, 308; Mystic, 323; Pil-

grimage, 260; St. Winnow, 227;
Silver Salver, 323; The Sapper,

323; Treasure, 274; triandrus
seedlings, 323; White Nile,
227; Yellow Jacket, 274;
Odontioda ashlandense, 403;

O. Border var. sanguinea, 327 ;
O. Breworthii, 402; O. Elaine
var. Perfecta, 403; O. Grena-
dier var. Empire, 209; 0.
Hiawatha var. Royalty, 355;
O. Joiceyi var. Tyntesfield,
136; O. Meteor, 327; 0.
Meteor, West Point variety,
228; O. Orestes var. Butterfly,
289; O. Oreste var. Majestic,
355; O. Valeria, Bolholt var.,
403; O. Zenobia var. Rouze
Dragon, 258; Odontoglossum
Alderley, 228; O. amabile mag-
nificum, Hatton House variety,
48; O. Amabilicity, 403; O.
Avoco, West Point variety,
291; O. Ceramic, 8 ; f
Chocolate Soldier, 228; O.
Clodagh, 259; O. Conqueror var.
Ruby, 15; O. Cordoba 259;
O. Cranmore 342; O. Crimson

Morn, 258; O. crispum var.
Antinous, 258; O. c. var.
Coronet, 403; O. c. var.

Lilac Time, 291; O. c. var.
Priscilla, 355; O. c. var. Purity,
156; O. c. var. Queen of
Denmark, 403; O. c. var.
Renown, 420; O. c. var. R
G. Felton, 403; O. c. var.
Rosy Dawn, 156; O. c. var
Stanley Baldwin, 228; O. c
var. Sunset, 209; O. c. var. The
Bride, 342; O. c. var. Royal
Rosette, 403; O. c. var. White
Ens'gn, 403; O. Diadem, 403;
O. D'cture, 258; O. Eldora, 325;
O. eximium var. Gatton Triumph,
457; O. Fabia var. Sir Chris-
topher Wren, 325; O. Faust na,
101; O. Faustina var. superba,
403; O. Gorizia var. Princess

Mary, 15; O. Lady Colman,
457; O. Lady Holmden,
457; O. Laurantia var.
Collosus, 403; O. Phyllis var.
Giles, 47; O. Resina, West
Point variety, 228; O. Titan,
15; O. Tyntesfield, 342; O

White Admiral, 325; Odontonia
Nesta, 82; Onc.d um Hey Hcuse
variety, 228; O. splendidum
var. holoxanthum, 136; O.
varicosum var. Birchenallii, 48;
Ozothamnus rosmarinifolius,

.458; Paeony obovata var. alba,

357; Phlomis fruticosa, 458;
Plectranthus chiradzulensis, 155;

.Primula Barbara Barker, 259;

P. Bunty, 220; P. malacoides,
Ccurtland’s Seedling, 40; P.
malacoides var. Golden Eye,
259; P. nivalis, 357; Prunus
Amygdalus var. praecox, 117;
P. dehiscens,. 200, 4201; P.
Pseudo-cerasus, 117; P. Sar-

Chrysanthemum

Cordyline indivisa, 90

JuNE 27, 1925.

gentii, 290 ; Pycnostachys
Dawei, 46; Pyrethrum Aval-

anche, 420; Retinospora plumosa
nana var. compressa, 325; Rho-
dodendrons: A. Gilbert, 357:
Bernard Gil, 226; campanu-
latum, Knap Hill variety, 325 ;
Cunningham's Sulphur, | 308;
decorum, 308; discolor hyb.,
421; Dorothea, 325; Elsae,
200; Fireball, 226; Garnet.
290: Gill's Glorious, 357:
Goldsworth Yellow, 357; Ida
Waterer. 421: J. H. wan
Nes, 357; Lady de Rothschild.
421: ledoides, 357; Leonardsle«-
Gem of the Woods, 191; Mon-
strous, 421; Mrs. A. C. Ken-
rich, 421: Mrs. William Watson.
421; Muriel, 290: myrtilloides.
420; sperabile 325; sphaeran-
thum. 290; sutchuenense ፦
Cornubia, 155; Ted Waterer.
421; Tittenhurst Belle. 357:
Tyermanii, 325; Wiliam Wat-
son, 325 ; Rhodothamnus
Chamaecistus, 259 ; Roses :
Angéle Pernet, 306; Else
Poulsen, 457 ; Dame Ed th Helen,
457; Rouletti, 327; Lady Mar-
garet Stewart 306; Lady
Worthington Evans, 457; Marcia
Stanhope, 457; Mrs. Herbert
Nash, 457: Roselandia, 290. 306 :
Saltaire, 306; Superba, 357;
Sylvia, 325; Templar, 306:
White Ensign, 306; Salix cine-
rea var. Medemii 118; 4$.
gracilistyla, 191; Salvia Har-
binger, 420; Sophro - Laelio-
Cattleya Mense var. The King,
403; S.-L.-C. St. Gothard, 325;

Stachyurus chinensis, 290 ;
S. praecox, 290; Staphylea
holocarpa, 357; Streptanthus
obtusifolius, 197; Telopia

oreades, 357; Tithonia speciosa,
458; Tulip Helenium, 227

Certificated Vegetables :—Broccoli,

Christmas Purple Sprouting,
209; Kales: Limpsfield Greens,
209; New Sprouting, 209

Chadwich Manor, 86

Chapman, Mr. F. Herbert, 262

Cheiranthus kewensis, 416

Cherry exhibition, a, 405

Choisya ternata, 254

Chrysanthemum Balcombe Beauty,
3

Chrysanthemum show at Johan.

nesburg, 407
Society of
America, 18

Chrysanthemums in France, popu-

lar English, 17

Chrysanthemums: late, 303; out-

door, 350

Cider and cider fruit, 170
Cinerarias: 314; enemies of, 341
Cistus ladaniferus var.

immacu-
latus, 162

Clematis, 199; C. montana, 162
Clematises, the wild, 253, 322
Clethra alnifolia, 12

Clinton,

Lord, appointment of,

316

Clivias, 198

Cob-nuts and Filberts, 62, 310
Cochineal, 31

Cock, M. Lucien de, honour for,

140

Codiaeum (Croton), 36
Coelogyne

Mooreana,
tomentosa, 409

338 ;

Colchicum autumnale var. roseum,

öl; C. speciosum album, 108

Colorado beetle, Potatos and the,

18

Columnea, 267

Conandron ramondioides, 351
Cook, Mr. Charles H., 18
Coppice,

converting, into high
wood, 418

“JUNE 27, 1925.

Coronilla glauca, 110

Cotoneaster horizontalis, 451; C.

185
William, 32

rotundifolia,
C^radwick, Mr.

C^risp's, the late Sir Frank, collec-

tion of microscopes, 139
Crocus Imperati, 25
Crop, a new commercial, 176
Crop yield, 193
C^rbwea, 267
C^ultural memoranda, 61,
433

Cummins, Mr. G. W., presentation

to, 122
Currants, Black, rogueing, 340
Curry, Mr. Edward, 104
Cyclamen latifolium, 410
€*vclamens at Reading, 36
Cymbidium Goosander, 215

Cymbidiums : an experiment with,

285; hybrid, 198

C'ypripedium Ethel M. du Boulay.
110; C. Memoria F. M. Ogilvie

var. Rex, 144; C. Opel, 266
Cypripediums, 22, 167
Cyrtanthus, 251
Cytisus — glabrescens,

nigricans, 110

* DaHLIA YmAR-.Boox," 247
Dahlia, the, 265
Dahlias, challenge cup for, 67
Daisies on a lawn, 378
Dallimore, Mr. William, 406
Daphne Laureola, 68, 135,
153, 173, 189, 218;
110, 241,
Deam, Charles C.
Indiana), 239
Deinanthe caerulea, 132

Dendrobiums, 182; new hybrid,
240

Desert plante, 194

Dianthus Allwoodii var. Harold,
7; D. Atkinsonij, 338; D.

Freynii, 399; D. graniticus. 287;
D. microlepis rumeliacus, 7; D.

squarrosus, 7
Dieffenbachias, 353
Dierama pulcherrima, 231
Dimorphotheca, 287
Diostea juncea, 162
Doncaster, improvementa at, 317
Draps, M. Emile, honour
32, 278

Draps, M. Eugene, honour for. 32
Dresden Horticultural Exhibition,

365
Drimys Winteri, 185
Druce, Dr. G. Claridge. 330
Drummond, Mr. J. M. F.
ment of, 32

EARL, Mr. W. J., 158

Edinburgh Royal Botanic Garden :
Guild of the, 330; notes from,
238, 351, 430; Orchids at the, 376

improvements

Edinburgh parks,
at, 183, 242
Egg-kiling washes, 44
Egg plant and the Pe
Elgin Horticultural Society, 2
El Jardincito Japones, 352

Entomological publication, a new, 2
Epidendrum Endresio-Wallisii, 144

Epigss asiatica, 311

Epimed um _Pinnatum, 69
Erigerons, 7, 128

Eriobotrya japonica, 146
Erythroniums, 334

Eucharis, 19

Eupatorium Weinmannianum, 23
Evergreen shrubs for shade, 95
Exochorda grandiflora, 347, 402

F
FÉDÉRATION

327, 342

Ferns: genetics of variegation and
hardy,

leaf structure of, 345;
288; hardy British, 126

153, 199,

141; C.

145,
D. Mezereum,
322; D. pontica, 102
(Shrubs of

for,

appomt-

per —— 42

HORTICOLE PROFES-
SIONNELLE INTERNATIONALE, 293,

INDEX.

Ferry service, the Anglo-Belgian, 33
Fertilisers and Feeding Stuffs Act,
1906, report an the, 18

Floral pictures at the Royal
Academy, 322
Florists’ flowers, 3. 22, 42, 53.

90, 107. 164, 182, 265, 831, 350, 369
Flory, Mr. Sidney W., 310.
Flower and vegecable novelties, 169
Flower culture among Glasgow

employees, 158
Flower garden, 4, 20, 34, 54, 70,

88, 106, 124. 142, 160, 178, 196,

214, 232, 204, 280, 290, 312.

332, 348, 368, 390, 408, 428, 448
Flower shows in America. 50
Flowers, some spring, 338
Foliage, spring, 202
Foreign correspondence, 42, 205, 238
Foresters in the north, educating

working, 388
Foreat lands in Scotland, purchase

of, 08
Forestry, 25, 418
Forestry congress in

world's, 246
Forestry policy, the Government, 186
Forsythia ovata, 310
Freesias: in hanging baskete, 281;

notes on, 281, 314
French Chrysanthemum Congress,

194
French Chrysanthemum Society, 17
Friend, Hilderic (The Story of the

British Annelids), 168

1926, a

Fruit crops, prospects of the,
289, 425

Fruit garden, the hardy, 4, 20,
34, 54, 70, 88, 106, 124, 142,

160, 178, 197, 214, 232, 264,
280, 296, 312, 332, 348, 368,
390, 408, 428, 148

Fruit garden, the market, 43, 115,
187, 272. 339, 418, 439

Fruit growing in East Kent, 417;
in Scotland, 193; in Texas, 230;
in the Punjab, 452

Fruit marketing and distribution, 193

Fruit preserving, leaflets on, 425

Fruit. register, 13. 29, 43, 170,
206, 223, 289

Fruit trees; device for securing,
to wires, 138; the winter manur-
ing of, 205; certifying nursery,
true to name, 169

Fruits: small, in 1924, 213; under
glass, 4, 20, 34, 54, 70, 88, 106,
124, 142, 160, 179, 196, 214, 232,
264, 280, 296, 312, 332, 348, 368,
390, 408, 428, 448

Fuchsias, hardy, 371

Fungous diseases, combating, 211

GALANTHUS NIVALIS AND NARCISSUS
PSEUDO-NARCISSUS, SEEDS OF, 303,
341

Garden city settlements in Scot.
land, 139

Garden, form and colour in the, 229

Garden in antiquity, the, 94,
130, 184, 284, 374 436

Garden in spring, the, 293

Garden notes from south-west
Scotland, 52, 129, 222, 284,
316, 430

Garden on a city roof, 85

Garden staff at Aldenham House, 29

Gardeners’ Chronicle, seventy-five
years ago, 3, 19, 33, 51, 69,
87, 105, 123, 141. 159, 177, 196,
213, 231, 263, 279, 295, 311,
331, 346, 367, 389, 407, 427, 447

(Gardeners, the week's work for
northern, 5, 21, 35, 55, 70, 89,
107, 125, 143, 161, 179, 197,
215, 233, 265, 281, 297, 313,
333, 349, 369, 391, 409, 429, 449

Gardens in devastated regions of
France, 140

Gardeners: legacies to, 50, 159,
229, 294, 405; young, of to-
day, 14, 46

Gardeners’ Roval Benevolent
Institution, 100, 311. 445

Gardening at the Prince of Wales’
Canadian ranch, 40

Geese in orchards, 272

Genista hispanica, 413

* Geo. Monro” concert, 122

Geranium Endressii, 126; G. grandi-

florum, 55, 116; G. Lowii, 126
German nursery employee’ 8 long
service, 295

Geum Borisii, 454

Ghent, horticultural activities in, 278

Gilchrist. Mr. Archibald, honour
for, 245

Gillenia trifoliata, 454

Gladioli, 126; G. Mackinderi, 297

Glasgow : housing scheme gardens
at, 204 ; new Professor of Botany
at, 32

Glasnevin, notes from, 111, 200.
334 ; Orchids in winter at, 111

Gloxinias, 35

Government Botanic Gardens, 39,
02, 78 97, 109, 132

Gray's * Lea," 310

Greenhouse at Kew, 52

Greenhouses, a new pest of, 96

Gunnersbury Park, 230

Gypsophila cerastoides, 125

H

HAARLEM INTERNATIONAL SHOW,
86, 176, 211, 293, 304, 401;
Kewites at the, 293

Habenaria militaris and H.
cheila, 215

Haemaria discolor var. Otletae, 143

Hailstorms in Belgium, damage
caused by, 406

Handasyde (The Four Gurdena), 205

rhodo-

Hardy flower border, 7. 38, 55,
69, 90, 128, 145, 164. 183, 272,
286, 314, 338, 400, 413, 437, 453

Hawkweed. the shaggy, 90

Hazels, big bug mite attacking,
15, 208

Heemstede, International show ut,
86, 176, 211, 293, 304, 401

Helianthemums, 399

Heliopsis, 413

Helipterum Humboldtianum, 127 ;
H. Manglesii, 127

Heller prize for
America, 103

Hemerocallis, 247

Hepatica, the, 179, 189, 287

Heracleum villosum, 113

Herbaceous perennials for summer
bedding, 298

Dahlias in

| Herbs, 44. 63, 80

Hermodactylus tuberosus, 199

Heucheras, 437

Hibiscus, 450

Himalayan House at Kew, 78

Hippeastrums, 73, 299

Holboellia coriacea, 389

Holland, the bulb fields of, 294

Hollyhock, the, 286

Hong Kong, botany and forestry
in, 67

Hop, virus diseases and the
grafting of the, 320

Horminum pyrenaicum, 313

Horseradish on ridges, 81

Horticultural ecology, 157

Horticultural show in a theatre, 367

Hoya carnosa, 60

Humphreys T. (Colour planning
of the Garden), 113

Hutchinsia alpina, 74

Huxley T. H., centenary of, 329

Hyacinths, 270; H. azureus, 195

Hydrangea petiolaris, 145

Hypericum fragile, 299; H. rep-
tans, 407

|
185819 IN THE Rock GARDEN AT
Kincs WALDEN Bury, 261
Ideal Home exhibition, gardens
at the, 186

The Gardeners’ Chronicle. V.

Tlex crenata, 9 F
Imperial Fruit show, 1925, 218
Incarvillea, 164; I. Delavayi 55
` Index Kewensis,” 55
indoor plants, 10, 19, 35, 00, 73,
89, 105, 128, 144, 159, 180.
198, 216, 207, 281, 299, 314,
353, 392, 410, 432.
International Apis Club, 279
International Horticultural
bition at Haarlem, 86,
211, 310, 317 401
Inventions, new horticultural, 244,
328, 385
Iris, a short
Bearded, 387
Iris japonica, 199;
7; I. tectorum,
I. tingitana, 25; I. tuberosus,
199; I. unguicularis, 87; ;
Wattii, 295; I. Wedgewood, 87
Iris hybrids, Regelio-cyclus, 391, 440
Iris Society, 366 ; Bulletin of
the, 49
Irises, at Maidstone, 438 ; Regelio-
cyclus, 391, 440

exhi-
176,

history of the

I. Kharput,
295, 378;

Irving, W. (Colour Planning of
the Garden), 113; (Rock Garden-
ing), 455

Italian horticulture, modern, 396
Ixia speciosa syn. crateroides), 61

Ixiolirion Ledebouri, 456; | I.
tartaricum, 413
J

JASMINUM BEESIANUM, 131
Judges and disqualifications, 150

- Judging, table quality in, 202

Juglans cathayensis, 203

K
KACHE, PauL (Kinjahrsblumen), 39
Kalmias, 146
Keimer, Ludwig (Die Garten-
Pflanzen im alen Aegypten), 183
* Kew Bulletin," 262
Kew exhibits of plants. of
botanical and educational in-
terest, 387
Kew Guild, 365 ;
the, 212
Kew: hardy shrubs in flower at,
23; in 1924, 175; notes from, .
23, 52, 78, 92, 147, 222; some
trees and shrubs in flower at,
147; the alpine house at, 52;
the Aroid House at, 222; the
greenhouse at, 52; the Hima-
layan House at, 78; the rock
garden at, 52; the "Temperate
House at, 92, 211
Kewites at Haarlem International
Conference and exhibition, 293
Kilmarnock, bulb show at, 211
King’s gardeners, the, 2 |
Kitchen garden, 5, 21, 36, 55,
71, 89, 107, 125, 143 161, 179,

* Journal” of

197, 215, 233, 265, 281, 2997.
313, 333, 318, 309, 391, 409,
429, 449 ;

L

LACHENALIAS, 89, 144, 181
Laelio-Cattleya. Dainty Maid,
Lambourne, Lord, illness of,
Lamium Orvala alba, 400 |
La Mortola, the gardens ‘of,
Larch, the introduction of
into Scotland, 25
* La Revue Horticole," 18
“ La Tribune Horticole," 18
Law Notes :—Agricultural Society's
heavy losses, 404; A Scotch
newspaper venture, 138 ; Carvel,

393
245

377
the,

John L., bankruptcy of, 228 ;
Potatos, seed, action for the
sale of, 83. 228 ; Seeds Act,

1920, prosecution of a seedsman
under the, 385; Wood-buying
dispute, 83

Lawrence Medal, award of the, 122

Layering, 450

Leaf, the age of a, 402

VI. The Gardeners’ Chronicle.

Leclerc, Henri (Les
France), 372

Lectures at the Royal Institution
by Mr. F. Kingdon Ward, 329

Leeds Rhubarb competition, 140

Legacies to gardeners, 50, 159,
229, 294, 405

Leith merchant’s jubilee celebra-
tion, 406

Leningrad (St. Petersburg) Bctanic
Garden (1917-1924), 102; re-
tirement of the Curator of the, 294

Lettuce trials at Wisley, 171

Leucojum aestivum, 279

Library of the late
Harman Payne, 406

Lilae, the forcing of, 42

Lilies : Bermuda, 25; in 1924, 58 ;
in Ottawa, Canada, in 1924, 270

Lilium Hansoni, 297, 341; L.
Henryi, 297: L. longiflorum, 220

Lime industry, the Dominica, 294

Lime, loans for the purchase of, 31

Linum campanulatum, 21; L.
flavum,. 74 . `

Loder Rhododendron Cup, the 17

Long Ashton, annual tasting day
at, 330

Lowe, Mr. A. E., 49

Lowestoft, new recreation ground
for, 317

Lycaste locusta, 393

Lychnis Coeli-rosa, 392

Lynch, the late Mr. R. Irwin, 15

M

MacsELF, ል. J. (Gladioli) 454;
(Flowering Trees and Shrubs).
168; (The Horticultural Ev-
hibitor), 400

Magnolia grandiflora, 234

Magnolias, 234.

M'Alpine, the late Prof. A. N., 346

Mainz Rose show, 388

Manurea, phosphatic, 387

Manuring of fruit trees in winter, 205

Marrow, Vegetable, 224

Masdevallia tovarensis, 225

Maxwell, Sir Herbert, presentation
to, 366

Maxwell, Sir John Stirling, re-
tirement of, 175

: May, Mr. H. B., 176 ;
tion to, 388, 446

McKelvie, Mr. William, 426

Meconopsis, & hybrid, 406

Meconopsis hy brida F. C. Puddle.406

Meissner, Mr. C., retirement of, 294

Melittis Melissophyllum, 438

Melons in unheated pits, 206

Melville, the late Mr. D., 64

Mendel Gregor (Experiments in
Plant Hybridisation), 405

Mill Hill, heavy rainfall at. 153

Miln, Mr. G. P., accident to, 346

Mimulus luteus, 199

Mistleto, 29; sowing, 64

Monotropa uniflora, 455

fruits de

Mr. C.

presenta -

Monro, Mr. George, honours for,
262, 388 |
Montrose Horticultural Society,

jubilee show of, 406
Morter, Mr. W.,. 310
Morton,J. W.( Practical Pruning),146
Mosses, the study of, 257
* Mothers’ Day " in Holland, 405
Mowers, trial of motor lawn, in
Regent’s Park, 278
Mummy plants in ancient Egypt, 436
Mutze, Wilhelm (Das Rosenbuch), 39
Mycorrhiza and Leguminous
plants, 309
Myosotidium nobile, 145

Narcissus bulbocodium citrinus,
77; N. Pseudo-Narcissus, seeding
of, 303, 341; N. Scarlet Perfec-
tion, 38; N. Trimon, 77

Narcissus bulbs, importation of,
into America, 425

Narcissus, eelworm disease of, in
America, 49 |

INDEX.

National Botanic Garden of South
Africa, 330 f
National Carnation
Society, 194
National Dahlia Society, 194
National Potato Society, 176
Nature prints, 450 '
Nectarine Cardinal, 289
Nemesia strumosa, 145
Nepenthes, 10
Newcastle, presentations at. 68
Newstead, Prof. R., 2
Nierembergia rivularis, 213
Nomocharis, 148
North of England Pansy and
Viola Society's ** Journal." 309
Nurseries, the rating of, 261
Nursery Notes: Bunyard and Co..
G., Maidstone, 438; Ireland and
Hitchcock, Marks Tey 26 ;
Knap Hill Nursery, Woking,
400; Ladds, Mr. Philip. 416;
Sutton and Sons, Reading, 36
Nuts, Brazil or Para, 45, 99
Nycterinia capensis and N.
ginoides, 10

and Picotee

sela-

O

OAK, THE WILBERFORCE, 71,

Oaks, some choice, 42

Obituary :—Amey, Ernest Stephen,
423; Baines, Marianne, 210;
Bates, William, 48; Begg James,
292; Bell, David, 308; Bound;
George Pride&ux, 276; Burns,
Alexander, 243; Cole, J. W.,
174; Cunningham, Andrew, 384;
Earle, Mrs. C. W., 174: Fortune,
John, 48; Grenfell, Field-Marshal
Lord, 83; Hambro, Sir Everard
A., 174; Hogg, William, 156;
Kirk, Alexander, 276; Xneller,
Noah, 276; Lee-Warner. Philip,
101; Leveque Pierre-Louis, 404 ;
Markham, William, 364 ; Me Innes,
Roderick, 260; Melville, David.
16; Op t'Eynde, Gerard, 384;
Page Geoffrey Carter, 210;
Payne, C. Harman, 156; Pinches,
Richard, 343; Pope. Arthur J.,
404: Ramsbottom, J. K., 120;
Roberts, John. : 276; Short,
James, 16; Smith. William C.,
210; Stevens, Henry, 459 ; Sutton,
Arthur Warwick, 292; Truffaut,
Senr., Albert. 30; Turner, John,
156; Waller, George, 384; Ward,
Mrs. H. W., 192; Watson, William,
102; Witney, Harry G., 328;

Odontioda Argus, 144; O. Cora
var. Princess and O. Hiawatha
var. Royalty, 393; O. Maria,
53; O. Oberon, 38; O. Red.
start, 376

Odontoglossum Broteham, 38: O.
Lustre and O. Magnet, 144

Odontoglossums: hybrid, 427;
paniculate, 53

Odontonia Alesia, 73; O. Baroness
Sehróder, 447; O. Nesta, 73

110

Old Bailey, flowers and sweet
herbs at the, 346

Olearia stellulata, 430 ; ().
Traversii, 128

Oliver, Prof. F. W., 388

Oncidium chrysodipterum, Hey
House variety, 240; O. in-

sculptum, 393

Onion calendar. an, 45

Onions : Cranston's Excelsior, origin
of, 15; Ailsa Craig, 15, 29, 45,
64, 116, 173, 190

Orange Peel as a trap for slugs, 15

Orchid exhibit in a London
stores, 309

Orchid houses, 4, 20, 34, 54, 70.
88, 106, 124, 142, 160 178,
196, 214, 232, 264, 280, 296.

312, 332, 348, 368, 390, 408, 428, 448

Orchid houses jin winter, the
temperatures of, 6

Orchid notes and gleanings 3.
22, 38, 53, 73, 110. 143, 167,

182, 198, 215, 240. 266, 285,
315, 338, 376, 303, 409, 427, 447

Orchids: at the Edinburgh
Botanic Garden, 376; in winter
at Glasnevin, 111: new hybrid
6, 110. 182, 286, 376; of 1924,
5; some Bornean, 315

Orchis foliosa, 207, 393

Orshoven, M. van, honour for, 426

Oxalis adenophylla, 399; O.
oregana, 373

Ozanthamnus rosmarinifol:us, 162

P

"PAEONIA OBOVATA ALBA, 402

Paeonies: the * Harding " Cups
for, 345; tree, 269

Paeony Mandarin, 9

Pansy, the, 331

Papaver alpinum, 165; P. rupi-
fragum, 454

Para Nuts, 45, 99, 349

Paris, street trees in, 104

Parks and gardens, public, 23,

61, 97, 109, 132, 168, 183, 219.
242, 272, 288, 317, 339, 373, 440
Parochetus communis, 10
Passiflora and Tacsonia,
Passiflora caerulea, 413
Payne, the late Mr. C. Harman,
159, 173; sale of the library
of, 406
Pea, a four-podded, 1&9
Pea Bedford Champion, 63
Peach and Nectarine fruits, twin ,341
Pears; a selection of, 170; the
flavour of, 115, 153; the story
of perry, 268
Pears, varieties of : Admiral Ger-
vais, 13; Comte de Paris, 257;
Danas’ Hovey, 29
Pearson, Mr. Charles E., 246
Pentstemon Davidson, 200; P.
gentianoides, 38
Pernet-Ducher, M. Joseph, awarded
the White medal, 67
Pernetiana Roses, the best
ding yellow, 8
Pest of greenhouses, a new, 96
Peter Barr Memorial Cup, award
of the, 202
Pettigrew, W. W.
sense Gardening), 239
Petunia, 10
Philesia magellanica, 38
Phlox Drummondii, 36
Phloxes, two good, 7
Phuopsis stylosa, 69
Pictures, floral, at
Academy, 322
Pimpernel, the Bog. 373
Pinetum, a national, 245
Pinus flexilis, 23 ; P. Sabiniana, 145
Piptanthus nepalensis, 371, 399
Pittosporum cornifolium. 177
«Plantae chinenses forrestianae, '414
Plant-breeding for private gar-
deners, 265 .
Plant-breeding Station, new di-
rector of the Scottish, 426
Plant hybridisation, Mendel's
experiments in, 405
Plant names, standardized, 12
Plant species, the.nature of, 140
Plants: a few "best," 301;
British, at the Royal Horti-
cultural Hall, 212; desert, 194;
for chalk soils, 139; importa-
tion of, into Canada. 230;
of botanical and educat'onal
interest at Kew, 387; of Pales-
tine, familiar, 208; which re-
main steadfast, 99; under glass,
4, 20, 34, 54 70,. 88. 106,
124, 142, 160, 178,. 196, 214,
. 932, 264, 280, 296, 312, 332,
348, 368, 390, 408, 428, 448 ; youth
' and age in, 17
lants New or Noteworthy :—-
Acanthosabal, 91; Baikiaea in-
signis, 239; Deinanthe caerulea,
132; Epigaea asiatica, 311;

144

bed-

(Common-

the Royal

JUNE 27 1925.
Holbocllia coriacea, 389: Jas-
minum Beesianum, 131; Pitto-

sporum cornifolium, 177; Rhodo-

dendron — ledoides, 389 ; H.
megeratum, 311; R. spera bile.
337; R. Tyermannii, 338:

Stroptanthus obtusifolius, 197:

Xeranema, a new species of. 197
Pleione formosana and Calypso

borealis in Japan, 393
Plumbago capensis, 216

Plum. the yellow Pershore. SI.
133, 172

Plums: loval. 207. 240; the
blossoming of, 310

Polianthes tuberosa, 105

Pollution. of the
smoke. 230

Polygonum orientale. 36

atmosphere. by

Poppyworts. some woodland, 216

Posteards of — natural history
subjects, 229

Potato breeding, 114, 133, 151.
207, 274, 303, 378. 419

Potato crop: in Scotland, 426;

the Ayrshire, 123

Potato Golden Wonder and virus
diseases, 134 -

Potato leaf-roll, 14

Potato seed, Scotch, 366

Potato trials. 67 ; Scotch seedling 122

Potatos: and the Colorado beetle.
15; imported. 140; popular main
crop, in Scotland, 322; prohibi-

tion of importation of, from
Canada. 140; sale of seed. 83:
virus diseases in seed, 85

Potentilla Vilmoriniana, 431

Prain, Sir David. Albert Medal!
award^od 10, +426

Prentice, Mr. H.. 212

Primula aurantiaca, 38: P.
capitata, 7; P. effusa 127; P.
floribunda, P. verticillata, and
P. kewensi 72; P.. Forrestii.

$38: P. involucrata, 367: P.
malacoides and P. Forbesii.
90; P. marginata. 263; P.
obconica, 72; P. pulveru!enta.
Bartley strain, 378, 402; P.
rosea, 209; P. s'nensis. 72:
P. Wardii, 407; Winteri, 213

Prince of Wales’ Canadian ranch,
gardening at the, 40

Pruning awkwardly shaped trees, 153

Pruning fruit trees, 115

Prunus Conradinae var. semi-
plena, 217; P. dehiscens, 200:
P. Pissardii, 204; P. serrulata
var. Sekiyama, 399. 441; P.
subhirtella var. autumnalis, 71

Publications received, 3, 19, 87.
123, 141, 159, 195, 213, . 231.
263. 279. 295, 311, 331. 346.
307. 389

Pyrus pinnatifida var. Gibbsii, 234

Pyrethrums, 286

RADISH AND CABBAGE, HYBRIDS
BETWEEN, 139

Rainfall at Mill Hill, heavy, 153

Ramsbottom, Mr. J. K., 68

Ramsbottom, John (The Enemies
of the Rose), 256

Ranunculus bulbosus flore pleno.

402, 420, 453; R. gramineus. 21;
R. rutaefolius, 186

Raspberries, 261

Rats in the garden, 163

Red spider, American cure for, 194

Rhodochiton volubile, 36

Rhododendron barbatum at Til-
gate, Crawley, 234; R. brachy-
carpum, 233; R. calophyllum, 451:
R.calophytum,431 ; R. Exminster,
293; R. hippophacoides, 94; R,
ledoides, 389; R. megeratum, 311;
R. Oldhamii, 200 ; R. praecox, 185;
R. sperabile, 337; R. spinuli-
ferum, 268; R. Tyermanii. 338;
R. Wilsonae, 283

— .

JUNE 27, 1925.

Riodundendrans : of the Lap-
ponicum series, 315, 335, 347;
on the occurrence of the silver-
leaf fungus in, 112; self-sterility
in, 300

Richardia africana, 180

Ricinus communis, 127

Robb, Mr. W., appointment of. 426

Hoek garden at Kew, 52 -

Rolfe. F. W. and R. T. (The
Romance of the Fungus World),286

Romneya Coulteri, 371

Rosa Fargesii, 8, 334; R. poly-
antha nana, “Fairy Rose," 128

Rose: an operation on a standard,
440: a thousand dollar, 53;
some enemies of the,390 ; stocks, 56

Hose garden, the, 8. 56, 123, 332,
3230, 392. 432, 449.

Roses: Climbing Paul Lede, 123;
Fred. J. Harrison, 449; Joh. C.
M. Mensing, 238; Senator, 392;
Shot Silk, 123; White Ensign, 333

Roses: and Violas, 247: awards
to varieties of, at Wislev, 2;
in America, 26; reduction of
varieties of, 432; the best bed.
ding yellow Pernetiana, 8

Rothamsted,new laboratories at,447

Royal Academy, floral pictures
at the, 322

Royal Agricultural Society’s show,
big loss on the, 18

Royal Gardeners’ Orphan Fund,
310, 384

Royal Horticultural Society :
Amateurs show of, 40, 135;

Annual Report of, 103; general
examination in horticulture, 433 ;
Gardens Club, Journal of the,
176; scholarships for sons of
gardeners, 426
Royal Scottish Arboricultural
Society, new Presidency of the, 103
Rural industries, development of ,346
Ruys, Mr. B., 294
Rysselberghe, Mr. R. Van, honour
for, 278
8

SAINTPAULIA IONANTHA, 20, 128

Nalix cinerea var. Medemii, 129;
S. Wallichiana, 269

Nalpiglossis sinuata, 164

Salvia, 164; S. carduacea, 216;

S. coccinea, 216; S. farinacea,
216; S. patens, 216
Saponaria lutea. 437
Sarracenia purpurea, 93
Savoy Cabbage, 340;
flowered, 402, 440

the: white-

Navreau, M. Philibert, honour
for, 194

Saxifraga bathoniensis, 399; 8.
granulata flore pleno, 399; S.
ligulata var. speciosa, 263; S.
oppositifolia alba, 249; 5.

peltata, 454; S. Petraschii, 141;
S. primuloides, 56

Scab, preventing, 418

Scarborough, improvements at, 97

Schaffer Memorial Medal, award
of the, 329

Schizanthus, 240

Schizopetalon Walkeri, 266

Schneider, Camillo (Das Rosen-
buch ; Einjahrablumen), 39

Scholarships for sons of gardeners,
426

Schomburgkia undulata, 266

School gardening, 60

Nciadopitys verticillata, 203

Scoliopus Bigelovii, 213

Scotland, allotments in, 135;
fruit-growing in, 193; garden
city settlements in, 139; garden
notes from S.W., 52, 129, 222,
284, 316, 430; soil survey in,
405; Nugar-beet in, 26, 212

Scottish Sweet Pea trials, 31

Sedgwick Park, the garden house
at, 329

Sedum cue:ulcuni, 164; N. Palmeri,
141

INDEX.

Seed analysts, training and ex-
amination of, 262

Seedsmen, a warning to. 385

Need.testing — station, the
Scottish, 231

Seeds, the germinating power of. 81

Sempervivum annum, 266; SN.
wlancum, 111

Senecio elegans, 240

Shrubs: fragrant flowering. 370;
hardy, in flower at Kew, 23;

Silver-leaf fungus in Rhododen-
drons, 112

Sisyrinchium bermudiana, 33

Skimmia Laureola, 283

Slugs. 246, 277, 375; alum as a
destroyer of, 14, 376

hew

Smith, Mr. Henry H., 5
Smith, Mr. W. R., appointment
of, 175

Snowflake, the summer, 279

Societies : Aberdeen Natural
History, 173; Bath and West
and Southern Counties Agri-
cultural, 422; British Florists’,
101, 423; British Carnation,
242; Bucarest (Roumania) Gar-
deners', 29; Deeside Field Club,
307, 442; Elgin Horticultural,
65; Elstree and District Horti-
cultural, 174; Falmouth Spring
Flower, 260; Fédération Hor-
ticole Professionnelle Inter-
nationale, 327, 342; French
Exhibition of Decorative Art,
422; Glasgow and West of
Scotland Horticultural, 83, 209,
307; Glasgow | Fruit Trade
Benevolent, 136; Haarlem In-
ternational Exhibition, 305;
Guildford and District Gar-
deners’, 258; Instow Spring
Flower, 258; Ipswich and Dis-
trict Gardeners’, 242; Iris
Society, 366; Kew Guild, 366;
Kilmarnock Spring Bulb, 243;
Lanark and District Fruit
Growers, 83; Manchester and
North of England Orchid, 15,
47, 101, 136, 156, 209, 328,
291, 402; Midland Daffodil,
323 ; National Auricula (Northern
section), 343; National Auricula
and Primula, 326; National
Chrysanthemum, 116; National
Rose, 65; Newcastle Horticul-
tural, 47; North of England
Horticultural, 327; Orchid Club

65, 136, 225, 342; Paisley
Florists’, 308; Reading and
District Gardeners’, 65, 136,

174, 208, 243, 274, 423; Royal
Caledonian Horticultural, 101,
137, 210, 291, 308, 384; Royal
Horticultural, 46, 82, 117, 154,
190, 209, 226, 274, 289, 325,
354, 379, 402, 420; Royal
Scottish Arboricultural, 15, 137,
173, 275, 403; Royal Horticul-

tural of Ireland. 307; South
African Association of Nursery-
men and Scedsmen, 403;
Spalding Bulb Growers’ 209,
292; Truro Flower show, 383;
United Horticultural Benefit
and Provident, 65, 136, 192,

384, 423; Western Commercial,
Horticultural, 227; York Gala, 441

"oil nitrogen, the washing out
of, 211
Noil particles, a colloid layer

around, 69
Noil science, 366
Soil survey in Scotland, 405
Soil, the shrinkage of, 420
Soils, chalk, plants for, 139
Solanum capyicastrum, 00, 128
South Lodge Gardens, Horsham, 310
Southport Floral Fóte, 1924, 65
Spinach, 132; Beet, 152; New
Zealand, 152
Npiraea Thunbergii, 269
Squirrels in Scottish woodlands, 247

Stachyurus praecox, 269
Statice, 266
Stauropsis gigantea, 110
Stephanotis seedlings, 402, 441
Stock and scion, 166
Stocks: double, 4435;
flowering, 182
Strawberries: Laxton'4 Empress,
378 ; Rearguard, 378 ; Robust, 378
Strawberry plants and the wet
winter, 154, 225
Strawberries, new, 378
Streatham, proposed park at, 288
Street trees in Paris, 104
Streptanthus obtusifolius, 197
Streptocarpus, 338
Streptosolen (syn. Browallia) Jame-
sonii, 216
Stuartius. 399
Sugar-Beet: culture of, in Scot-
land, 26, 212; factories in the
west of England, 18 ; industry, 211
Sulphur as a fertilizer, 49
Summer time, 246 |
Sunshine in the garden, 365
Sutherlandia frutescens, 266
Sutton and Sons’ employees’
pension fund, 50
Sweet Pea Mary Pickford, 388
Sweet Peas: for cut flowers, 90;
for exhibition, 22; new American
53; Scottish trials of, 31, 158, 193
Sycopsis sinensis, 104
Sydney Botanic Gardens,
mente from the, 68

T
TABLE QUALITV IN JUDGING, 202
Tagetes patula var. nana, 392
Temperate House at Kew, the,
92, 211
Tetranema mexicana, 299
Texas, fruit growing in, 230
Thalictrum &nemonoides, 272, 338
Theobald, Fred. V. (The Enemies
of the Hose), 250
Thlaspi rotundifolium, 125

winter-

retire-

Thunbergia alata, 353; T. alata
var. aurantiaca, 159
Thunderstorms in 1925, investi-

gation of winter, 19

Thymus nitidus, 371

Tiarella unifoliata, 38

Timbers of ancient London, 302

Tinley, G. F. (Colour Planning of
the Garden), 113

Tithe documents, inspection of, 388

Tomalin, Mr. T. E, 86

Tomatos, 98; early, 61; leaf
spot of, 121; out-of-doors, 188

Torenia Fournieri, 338

Tortrix pronubana, 96

Trachelium caeruleum, 392

Trade notes, 29, 48, 66, 84, 102,
174, 210, 244, 308, 327, 343,
404, 423, 444

Tranby Croft, 11

Tree colonist in South Africa, a
successful, 75

Tree surgery, 205, 241

Trees and shrubs, 9, 23, 41, 71,
95, 110, 128, 145, 162, 185,
203, 217, 233, 268, 283, 299,
315, 335, 347, 370, 397, 413,
430, 451; at Wisley, 203; in
flower at Kew, 147

Trees: as wind breaks on rifle
ranges, 67; injured by gales,
41; killed by starlings, 341;
street, in Paris, 104

Tricuspidaria lanceolata, 451

Trillium undulatum, 437

Tritonia rosea, 272

Trolius pumilus, 93

Tropaeolum Lobbianum and T.
majus, 392; T. peregrinum, 392

Tuberose, the, 105

Tucker, Mr. S. W., presentation
to, 103

Tugwell, Mr. J. E.. presentation
to, 5l

Tulipa Eichleri, 279, T.
tris, 77

sylves-

The Gardeners’ Chronicle. VH.

Tulip, some 'spécies of, 336

Tulip tour in Holland, 411, 441

Tulips in cool houses, early
flowers of, 336

Turbat, M. Eugene, honour for, 194

U
UGANDA, THE BANANA IN, 99

v
VANDA PARVIFLORA, 393
Vegetable crops, condition of the
market, 176 `
Vegetable garden, 12. 27, 44, 63.
80, 98. 116, 184, 152, 172, 208.
224, 241, 322, 340, 401, 419, 440
Vegetables: for exhibition, 116.
134; inter-cropping and catch-
cropping, 172; prices of, 194
Veitch, the late Sir Harry.
bequests by, 67 |
Venidium calendulaceum, 392
Verbascum phoeniceum, 437
Verbena, 392
Veronica amethystina, 454; V.
salicifolia, 41; V. virginica, 413
Viburnums, 299
Victoria medallists, new, 86
Vilmorin, M. Jacques L. de,
honour for, 194
Vinca herbacea, 200
Vines, propagating
153, 190
Viola canadenais,373 ; V.cornuta,438
Violet: awarded a gold medal,
309; the St. Helena, 249
Voors, Mr. H. J., honour for; 231
Vuylstekeara Aspasia var. poly-
sticta, 2

from eyes,

ነሃ

WALNUT CULTURE IN OREGON, 345
Walnuts, 310

Walton-on-Thames, improvements
at, 168
Ward, Mr. F. Kingdon, 211;

eighth expedition in Asia, 236.
318, 394, 434; lectures by, at
the Royal Institution, 329

Wasps, 262

Water garden, 199, 235

Watering 433

Watson, the late Mr. W., 135

Weathers, John (My Garden
Book), 61

Welsh garden, notes from a, 37.
111, 201, 334, 412

Wembley Garden Club, 346

White medal, award of the, 67

White, Mr. J. T., 230

Wilde, M. Henri de, honour for, 140

Wild garden, the, 438

Willows, a selection of American,
204, 282, 397, 413, 431

Windolite, 230

Wireless telegraphy in the bothy
at Knowsley, 2 |

Wisley, 121; flowering trees and
shrubs at, 203; notes from, 93,
162, 238, 310, 395; opening of,
on Sunday, 261; the 11681
keeper of, 345; trial of Let-
tuces at, 171

Wistaria, a giant,
Town, U.S.A., 278 |

Wistarias, the way to grow, 425

Wolverhampton Floral Frte, 245

Wood buying dispute, 83

Woodbridge Floral Féte
resuscitated, 262

Wood, ripe, and crops, 303

Woolly aphis, new parasite of
the, 426 |

Worm life, the problems of, 24, 57

Writing, methods of restoring
faded, 104 -

at Wistarin

to be

X
XERONEMA, A NEW SPECIES OF, 197
Y |
YEAR, EVENTS OF THE PAST, 1
York Gala, 1925, 157
Youth and age in plants, 17
Yuceas, 283 l i

VIII. The Gardeners' Chronicle.

A

ACANTHOSABAL CAESPITOSA ATPORTO
ALEGRE, Sov TH BRAZIL, 91, 92, 93
Acoelorraphe: armed petiole of,
396; specimen tree of, 397
Aldenham . House, Elstree,
garden staff at, 29
Alnus viridis var. mollis, catkins
of, 41
Androsace Chumbyi,
helvetica, 317
Anemone Hepatica 179; A. hor.
tensis var. Blue Gown, 331; A.
Pulsatilla growing wild on the
Chilterns, 74 75; A. vernalis, 316
Antirrhinum Exquisite, 168
Antirrhinums and annual flowers
exhibited by Messrs. Sutton
and Sons at the Chelsea Show,
355
Apple: Lady Henniker, 27;
' Mabbot's Pearmain, 115; Rad-
ford Beauty, 207 ; St. Everard, 43
Arctotis aspera var. arborescens, 451
Arethusa bulbosa, 215
Ariocarpus retusus, 414
Arisarum proboscideum, 165
Auricula Argus, 350
Auton, Mr. W., portrait of, 4
Azalea Albert-Elizabeth, 161
Azara Gilliesii, 185

BAIKIAEA INSIGNIS, 239

Bartlett, Mr. A. C., 122

Beckton, Mr. Bertram J., 262

Birch copse with Rhododendron
species of the “triflorum”
section in China, 434

Bound, Mr. G. P., the late, 276

Brazil Nut, the, 349

Brierley, Dr. W. B., 104

Broccoli, The Bouquet, 401

Bulleck, Mr. A., 278

C

CABBAGE, Savoy, DoDoNAEUs'
DRAWING OF THE, 340

Caltha palustris, 453 :

Calypso borealis var. japonica, 392

Carngtion Edward Allwood, flower-
ing after being cut back a
second time, 108

Carnation plant, as cut back in
April, 109 |

Carnations: Jazz, 107; Shot Silk,
241

Cassiope species discovered ከሃ
Mr. Kingdon Ward in Asia, 318

Ceanothus Veitchianus, a fine
specimen of, 431

Cereus flagelliformis, 19

Cherries, flowering, at Truro show,
383

Chrysanthemum Balcombe Beauty,3

Chrysanthemums and Dahlias at
a Johannesburg show, group
of,- 407 |

Clark, Mr. F. J, 4 -

("ematis Armandii, 79; C. macro-
petala, 253

the

199; A.

Colchicum autumnale var. roseum '

in * the gardens at Coombe
House, Croydon, 61

Collier. Mr. J., 4

Columnea Oerstediana, 267

Conandron ramondioides, 351

Cook. Mr. Charles H., 18

Cradwick, Mr. William, 32

Crocus chrysanthus var. Bumble
Bee, 89

Curry, Mr. Edward, 194

Acer Henryi in fruit (March 21)

Garden House at Sedgwick Park,
Horsham (May 16)

Iberis in the rock garden at Kings
Walden Bury, Hitchin (April 18)

INDEX.

LIST OF

Culinary Pea: a four-podded, 189 ;
hybrid three-podded, 189; small
three-podded, 189; wild three-
podded, 189

Cyclamen Giant Rose Queen
treated as an annual, 37
Cymbidium Alexanderi var. al-

bens at Orchidvale. Beverly,
283; C. Redshank, 107

Cymbidiums growing on the
ground level at Orchidvale
Beverly, U.S.A., 285

i le Mrs. Eley var.
errick, 53; C. Mrs. William

Pickup. 95; C. Perseus, 5; C.
pubescens, 356; C. Worsleyi, 59
Cypripediums and Calanthes at
Glasnevin, 105
Cyrtanthus Galpinii, 251

DaHLias EXHIBITED AT CHELSEA
SHOW By MESSRS. CARTER
PAGE AND Co. 357

Dallimore, Mr. Wm., 406

Daphne Laureola, 145, 218; D.
pontica, 73 (see also p. 145), 219

Deinanthe caerulea, 131

Dianthus Allwoodii var. Harold, 7

Diosma uniflora, 369

Druce, Dr. G. Claridge, 330

E
EARL, Mr. W. J., 158
Eria stricta at Glasnevin, 111

Erythronium revolutum var.
White Beauty, 334
F
FLonv, Mr. S. W., 310
Formal garden exhibited by

Messrs. J. Carter and Co. at
Chelsea show, 375

Freesia Wistaria, 195

Freesias in hanging baskets at
Tresco Abbey, 281

Fruit trees, device for
to wires, 138

securing,

Q

GARDEN AND Terea House: Ex:
HIBITED BY Messrs. PULHAM
AND Son AT CHELSEA SHOW,
380; exhibited by Messrs. R.
W. Wallace and Co. at Chelsea
show, 359

Garden staff at Aldenham House,
Elstree, 29 "

Geranium grandiflorum 65

Gladiolus Mackinderi, 297

Gloxinias, Amaryllis, and other
greenhouse plants exhibited by
Messrs. J. Carter and Co. at
the Chelsea. show, 358

H

HAARLEM INTERNATIONAL Ex-
HIBITION : ONE OF THE DAFFODIL
GLADES AT THE, 305; plan of
the, 181; rock and water garden
arranged by Messrs. H. den
Ouden and Sons in Groenen-
daal Park, Heemstede. at the,
313; view of the second show,
showing Dutch exhibits, 304

Haemaria discolor var. Otletae, 143

Hepatica triloba (Anemone Ho-
patica). 179
Heracleum villosum (syn. gigan-
teum), 113
Holboellia coriacea, 391
Hop plants, grafted, 321
SUPPLEMENTARY

Iris Kharput bordering a pergola
(March 7)

Lilium centifolium (January 24)

Pyrus pinnatifida var. Gibbsii
(April 4)

— ወ — — — — — — — — — — —— — — — — —

June 27, 1925.

ILLUSTRATIONS.

|
INTERNATIONAL HORTICULTURAL
EXHIBITION AT HAARLEM: Dafio-
dis in Groenendaal Park,
Heemstede, 319; one of the
Daffodil glades at. 305; rock
and water garden arranged by

Messrs. H. den Ouden and
Sons in Groenendaal Park,
Heemstede, 313; view of the

Dutch exhibits at the second
show, 304

Irises exhibited by Messrs. G.

. Bunyard and Co. at the
Chelsea show, 360

Iris tingitana, 21. I. Wattii, 295;
I. Wedgewood; 87

J

TREES AND MINIATURE
GARDENS EXHIBITED BY THE
YOKOHAMA NURSERY Co. AT
CHELSEA SHOW, 362

Jasminum Beesianum in fruit, 130

Jeffery, Mr. James, 5

Juglans cathayensis, 203

K
KITCHINGIA UNIFLORA,

JAPANESE

163

LACHENALIA EXCELSIOR, 159

Lettuces, Tom Thumb, in
Wisley trials, 171

Lilium George C. Creelman, 270;
L. Hansonii, 271; L. longiflorum
formosum, 221; L. longiflorum
Harrisii in Burmuda a field of,
25; L. nepalense, 58; L. testa-
ceum x L. candidum, 270;
L. tigrinum x L. Maximowiczii,270

Lily plant at digging time,
underground portion of a, 220

M
MAGNOLIA GRANDIFLORA, 235
Marrow; the long ribbed,
the Custard, 224
May, Mr. H. B., 176, 446
Meconopsis, a perennial, growing
wild in woods, 395: M. simpli-
cifolia, 304
Melon Hero of Lockinge, 206
Miltonia vexillaria var. Rajah, 427
Mond, the Rt. Hon. Sir Alfred, 346
Monotropa uniflora, 455

the

221;

Nanciss1: BEERSHEBA, 353; Domi-

nick, 231; Kingcroft, 279;
Lady Diana Manners, 287;

Mystic, 323; Scarlet Perfection,
35; Trimon, 77
Neal, Mr. E., 4
Newstead, Prof. R., 2
Nomocharis pardanthina, 148, 149
Nuttalia cerasiformis. 147

‘“Nyang-chu and the Tsangpo. the

junction of the, 318

OpONTIODA CORA VAR. PRINCESS,
354 ; O. Orestes var. majestica, 379

Odontonia Baroness Schroder, 447

Oliver. Prof. F. W., 388

Onion Improved Monarch, 169

P

PAEONY MANDARIN, 9
Paeonia obovata alba. 367
Payne, Mr. C. Harman, the late. 140
Pears: | Admiral Gervais, 13;

Comte de Paris, 257
Pearson, Mr. Charles E., 246
Phuopsis stylosa, 69
Pittosporum cornifolium, 177

ILLUSTRATIONS.

Rhododendron calophytum
20)

Rhododendron Exminster (May 2)

Rhododendron hippophacoides (Feb-
ruary 7)

(June

--. qa ue — —

Pleione formosana, 393
Prentice, Mr. H., 212

Primula Barbara Barker.

Prince, Mr. H., 5

Prunus Conradinae semi-plena,
217; P. dehiscens, 200, 201:
P. subhirtella var. autumnalis, 71

R

RAMSBOTTOM, MR. J. K., the late, 65

Ranunculus scleratus, a fasciateri
stem of. 400

Rhododendron acuminatum, ecap-
sules of, 300; R. arboreum
alum x R. arboreum, eap-
sules of, 301: R. argenteum.
capsules of, 300; R. brachy-
carpum, 233; R. decorum and
R. arboreum, capsules of, 301 :
R. ledoides 389; R. Maddenii.
capsules of. 300; R. Mrs. VV m.
Watson. 429; R. myrtilloides.
435; R. Souliei, a yellow, in
Eastern Tibet, 237; R. spera-
bile, 337; R. sphaeranthum,
347; R. spinuliferum, 269 :
R. Tyermanii, 335

Rhododendron, a species of
*taliense" section of, 434

Rhododendron moorland in Eastern
Tibet, 236

‘‘Riviera’’ garden exhibited at
the Ideal Home exhibition 187

Rock gardens at Chelsea show :—-
Messrs. Pulham and Sons 380:
Mr. G. G. Whitelegg's. 371; Mr.
Herbert Brook's. 361; Messrs.
W. H. Gaze and Sons, 373

Roseocactus fissuratus, 415

Rose beds with Violas as a
groundwork, 247

Roses :—Climbing Paul Lede, 123 :
Fred J. Harrison, 449; Rose-
_landia, 299; Templar, 311 ; White
Ensizn, 333

Ruys, Mr. B., 294

8
SALIX CINEREA VAR. MEDEMLU, 129
Saxifraga ligulata var. speciosa.
263; S. oppositifolia alba, 240;
S. Petraschi, 141
Scoliopus Bigelovii. 213
Scolopendrium vulgare
a fine type of, 127
Sisvrinchium Bermudiana, 33
Smith, Mr. H. H. 50
Strawberry Robust, 378
Streeter, Mr. F., 4
Streptanthus obtusifolius, 197
Sutton, Mr. Arthur W.,the late, 292

T
THLASPI ROTUNDIFOLIUM,
Tomalin, Mr. T. E., 86
Tomato or Gulden Apple, the, 98
Trillium undulatum, 437
Truro show flowering Cherries ut 3583
Tulip White Duchess, 110
Tulips :— at Messrs. ©. van
Tubergen's Nursery, Haarlem,
seedling late, 411; exhibited by
Messrs. Dobbie and Co. at
Chelsea show, 363

W
WHITELEGG, MR. GEORGE G., 866
White, Mr. J. T., 230

265

the

crispuin,

125

Worms : — Eisenia veneta var.
robusta in congress, 57; Lum.
bricus terrestris in congress,
passing spermatozoa, 57

Worms, methods of propagation
in, 24

Rose Shot Silk (February 21)

Stuartia malachodendron (June 6)

Vuylstekeara Aspasia var. poly.
sticta (January 3) `

—— —
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li.

SALES BY AUCTION. -

— — — — — — - ———MM — - ጨጨ

IMPORTANT SALE OF
SPRING and AUTUMN - FLOWERING
BULBS,
including

GLADIOLUS, EARLY and LATE- FLOWERING;
DOUBLE and SINGLE BEGONIAS, HARDY LILIES

in variety, SPIRAEAS, LILY-OF-THE- VALLEY,
HELLEBORUS, ANEMONES, HYACINTHS, NAR-
CISSUS, etc.,
also
ROSES and HERBACEOUS PLANTS, FRUIT
TREES, etc.,
together with

Consignments of BAY TREES,. PALMS,
AZALEAS, ASPIDISTRAS, RHODODENDRONS,
etc., from Belgium.

Peet: PROTHEROE & MORRIS
will sell as above at their SALE BROOMS,
67 & 68, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.C. 2.

Catalogues post free on application.

AUCTION SALES OF
ROSES,

Rock and Herbaceous Plants,
FRUIT TREES,
Flowering Shrubs, etc, ከሃ
ye PROTHEROE & MORRIS
every

MONDAY, WEDNESDAY AND FRIDAY,

at
67 & 68, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.C.2.

Write tor Catalogues Phone City 3850.

GTEVEN 5'8
Sales by Auction of
BULBS, ROSES,
Ornamental Plants
and Shrubs.
Every Monday and Wednesday.
In lots to suit all buyers.

Commissions executed.
Catalogues on application.
38, KING STRBET,

COVENT GARDEN, LONDON, W.C.t.

THE GARDENERS’

Market

BY ORDER OF MESSRS. BURFOOT BROS.
(DISSOLVING PARTNERSHIP).

MIDDLE ROAD,

KINGSTON - BY - SEA, SUSSEX.

About } mile from Shoreham-by-Sea and Southwick
Stations, Southern Railway.

Important Unreserved Three Day Sale of the
whole of the Stock of the Firm of Market
Gardeners, Nurserymen and Flower Growers.

HAER: JAS. BURT.

Is instructed to sell by Auction, upon the premises on
Friday, Saturday, and Monday, January 9th,
10th, and 12th, 1925,
at 10.30 o’clock each day.

The. whole of the stock of the Firm of

Gardenérs, Nurserymen and Flower
wers.
Comprising :—
On FRIDAY AND SATURDAY.
4 Active and Powerful Cart Horses,
13 Strong Store Pigs, and the

Implements and Machinery,

Including Trolley Wagon, 6 Manure mats 9 EXCELLENT
MARKET GARDENERS’ SPRING VANS, 2 FORD
LORRIES, 1 ton and 7 cwt. in good running orden
2 excellent Potato Diggers, 3 MOTOR PLOUGHS
mice and Fowler, CLAYTON CATERPILL

ACTOR, with 35 H.P. Dorman Engine, 8 Platform
Weighing Machines, 9 sets of Thill, Plough and Van
Harness, and a very large assortment of miscellaneous
tools and tackle, 370° RUN OF HOT WATER PIPE.
3", 4, 37, with various fittings, 1,700 RUN OF
THREADED WATER PIPE. 12 r. and 2", with
various fittings, 1,000' of 24" GAUGE TRAMWAY with
2 Tip Waggons, 2 Flat Trucks and Turntable, 870' run of
Iron Wheeling planks, large quantity of USEFUL
TIMBER and Building Material, 4,000 Market Gardeners’
Po various, 000 square feet of Horticultural Glass,
2.300 Potato Trays, 13,500 Flower Pots, various, Remington
No. 10 Typewriter.

On MONDAY.

- About 1,100 Lots of Hardy Perennial Plants,

Including” 78,500 Pyrethrums, 35,000 HER MAJESTY'S
PINKS, 6,000 Gaillardia, 3,500 Coreopsis, 5,000 Scabiosa
5,000 Doronicums, 2,500 Statice, 1,700 Geraniuma, 4,000
Michaelmas Daisles, 3,000 Lavender, 2,600 BOXES OF
DAFFODIL BULBS, quantity of GLADIOLUS BUL BS,
5,000 Ferns in Pots, 15,000 Rhubarb Stools, Mint Beda,
23 Young Peach Trees, and a large number of CHRY-
SANTHEMUM STOOLS.

SUFFICIENT TIME 15 ALLOWED FOR CLEARANCE.
Also 740 TRAYS OF SEED POTATOES
(English Class 1 as grown)

Catalogues may be obtained of the Auctioneers, Steyning,
Sussex (Telephone 40).

BUSINESS FOR SALE.

P wed & CO., Nurserymen's Agents,
90, Newgate Street, London, E.C.1, offer Nursery
and Market
large towns, S.W.

Garden on main road, between two
Yorks, comprising 14 acres, with
Old Farmhouse, 11 rooms: 2 Cottages, Large Barn,
Stabling, Piggeries, etc.: also 3 Glasshouses ( heated),
350 Fruit rees, Gooseberries, ete. Price Freehold
only £1,250.

— — — — — — — — —— — ee — —— ፦ -

BUSINESSES TO LET.

O LET.—A London Nunan comprising

six Glasshonses, in all about 500 feet run of
glass, all heated. Fronting Main Road. Produce sold
locally. Rent £75 per annum. = Stock and Loose
Items £250. Immediate — possession.—Apply, MESSRS.
PROTHEROE & MORRIS, 67, Cheapside, London,
or The Woodside Nursery, New Eltham, S.E.

UBREY & CO. offer

near London. 1j acres
(600 ft. run) Rent £75
£290. >

Nursery to Let
Land, 6 Glasshouses
inclusive. Ingoing only

MALL NURSERY GROUND, with good

Cottage, near London, to let. Sunny, sheltered
aspect. Good local market. for vegetables, fruit, CEES,
and honey. Trained gardener requisite. Might suit
two ladies. — Apply, $. C., Box 3 5, Tavistock

Street, Covent Garden, w.C. 2. '

BUSINESS CARD.

ROTHEROE & MORRIS, Horticultural

Market Garden and Estate Auctioneers and
Valuers, 67 and 68, Cheapside, London, E.C., and at
Leytonstone, E. Monthly orticult ural Register had on
application,

CHRONICLE.

JANUARY 3, 1925.

—— —— — — —

NOTICES.

— — —

G ARDENERS SHOULD BEGIN
NEW YEAR wel by joining the
Gardeners’ Association.—Full particulars, stamp,
JOHN WEATHERS, Park View, Isleworth.

ምን

THE
British
from

EXHIBITION.

GUILDFORD AND DISTRICT
GARDENERS’ ASSOCIATION.

THIRD ANNUAL SHOW

WILL BE HELD IN

STOKE PARK, GUILDFORD
On Wednesday, 15th July, 1925.

OPEN CLASSES. GOLD & SILVER MEDALS
FOR TRADE EXHIBITS.

Hon. Show Sec.: A. E. TYLECOTE,
‹‹ Mansard,” Pilgrims Way, Guildford.

PLANTS, &c., FOR SALE.

Small Classified Advertisements. Twenty words
(or three lines including headline) 48., and 1s.
for every succeeding eight words (or line or part
of a line). Fee for having replies addressed to
this office, 18. Displayed advertisements, Ss.
per inch, or 108. facing editorial matter.

LLISON'S PEDIGREE SEEDS and Scotch

Seed Potatoes are grown by thousands of
satisfied customers. You should be included among
ever-increasing number. Quality absolutely
reliable. 64-page catalogue, calendar and
guide free. Seeds, spring- planting bulbs, roses,
trees, garden books, and sundries at most. reasonable
rices. G. & A. Fertiliser, 5’- cwt. Shallots, 14 Ib.
; carriage paid.—EL LISONS, 45, West Bromwich.
Established 1890.

ERNS! CALADIUMS I “Begonias. Palms,

Crotons. Dracaenas, Gloxinias, Hydrangeas,
Geraniums, Ericas, Lilies, Ferns and How to Grow
Them, by Smith, 3/6 post free—SMITH,
London Fern Nurseries, London, S,W.9.

100,000 TARGE GARDEN FERNS,

large 8891194068 Pu divvting. Cataloguer free, —
SMITH, Fernery, London, S.W.9.
IMALAYAN, Chinese and ether Rhodo-

dendrons on their own roots. Shrubs, Alpines,
and border anie Aquatics, Lilies, etc. Write for
Lists.—G. RE , Keston, Kent.

IMALAYAN | ORCHIDS. —- 12 different

grand flowering sorts, 24/-: 12 Pleiones, mixed,

20j-; 6 sorta Cymbidiums, 23. all cash :

list free.—CHANDRA NURSERY, P. 0. Rhenock,
Sikkim «Bengab, India.

—

BEC GONIA

SINGLE TUBERS, (E amous
Strain, 11 to 2 inches ameter: Pink, Scarlet,
White. Yellow: 14-- 100, 76 3ኪ 2- Dozen.—H.

COX, 159, Spring Hil, Birmingham.

CONIFERS for
30,000 Pot-grown Alpines in
8 kinds.
HODSONS.

A and DWARF
Rock Gardens;

stock: over 300 vars.,
15- cpd. Lists
58, Castlegate,

2 dozen collection.
free.——Garden Pept..
Nottingham.

JLANTS FOR FORCING.—MORLE & CO.,
Ltd., offer Azalea Indica and mollis. Acers, Almonds.
Deutzias, Genistas, Hydrangeas, Laburnum er.
Valley, Liliums, Lilacs, Rhododendrons, Y dear
Wisterlas, etc., grown in pots. —156, Finchley Road, N

dos cA ques የኢ...
EONIES.- WE e. “ዘበ DURUM E pm i

Á
P: 18 very best. soris, né በህ. ;
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KON AND- WIRE: F EN( ING
Pren fiünrde, takes, Arbli, "Esaleré. Rose, Rinkes,.

T CA ‘Deak metal Herder. Iron and: Wire Work: of every:

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1

JaNvARY 3, 1925.

THE
Gardeners Chronicle
No. 1984 -SATURDAY, JANUARY 3. 1925.

CONTENTS.
Alpine garden— Newstead, Prof. R. ... 2
Dianthus — microlepis Obituary —
rumeliaeus .... * | Melville, David G. ... 16
Dianthus SQUATTOsUS i Short. James 16
— 2 T -
Primula capitata ‘ Onion Ailsa Craig 15
Alum as a slug and Orange peel as a trap
snail destroyer sv 14 for slugs 15
American notes . 2 | Orchid houses in winter,
Annuals for c onxervatory the temperatures. of 6
and yreetihouse de- Orchids. new hybrid... 6
coration ese 30 | Orchids of 19:4 . "EE
Antirrhinum, the e 10 | Paeony Mandarin . ዛ
Big bud mite attacking Parks and — gardens,
Hazels |... * we 15 publie .. $c 14
Florists’ tlowers— Potato leat-roll..
Chrysanthemum Bal- Rosa Fargesii ... "ES
combe Beauty mor =25 Rose garden, the
Perpetual - flowering The ó best ከሁበ([1ክህ
Carnations ... e 08 yellow Pernetianas N
Fruit register— Roval Gardeners i. tue
Apple Cox's Orange Societies—
Pippin 3 Manchester and North
Apple Duke ot Devon- oj Bngland Orchid 15
shire... 13 Royal Scottish Arbori-
Apple Laxton s Supe rb 13 cultural x ... 1”
Pear Admiral Gervais 13 | cpranby Croit . 11
“ Gardeners’ Chronicle | Trees and shrubs- -
seventy-five years ago 53 Berberis Noulieana .. |
Hardy flower border— llex erenata 5, ... ።”

Dianthus Allw ood ii

Vegetable garden- -

Var. Harold . ፣ ኔ Isse ~ 8 ts 'ኳ A
Select Krigerons .. 2| “ከጠ 29916... ብ።
> - : 4 vee — *

Two ood ] hloNes ... 5 Vuylstekeara Aspasia
Horticulture in tg 1 var. polystieta 2

Indoor plants— Doro : — —
—— m" NETT | Week's work, the ep ud

Lynch. Mr. R. Irwin, Wireless telegraphy in
the late... dua e. [፡ the boths at Knowsley Z

ILLUSTRATIONS.
Auton. Mr. W.. portrait of

Chrysanthe nni Balcombe Be ant.
Clark. Mr. F. portrait ot...
Collier. Mr. d. pcd ot
Cypripedium Perseus

Jeffrey. Mr. James, portrait of
Dianthus Allwoodii var. Harold
Neal, Mr. E.. portrait ot
Newstead. Prof. R.. portrait of
Paeons Mardarin .. :
Pear Admiral Gervais

Prince. Mr. H.. portrait ot
Streeter, Mr. F.. portrait of

— *
ወ= et =2 '> 15 met :፥ ብመ vi

PLATE.
Aspasia var. polysticta.

SUPPLEMENTARY
Vusyl«stekeara

—

for the ensuing week
during tbe last fifty

AVERAGE MEAN TEMPERATURE
deduced from observations
years at Greenwich, 30°).

ACTUAL lEMPERATUREK—

The Gardeners’ Chronicle Otfice, 5,
Covent Garden, London, Wednesday,

‘Tavistock Street,
December 31,

10a.m.: Bar. 29x8 temp. 42°. Weather, Rainy.
Wrist 1924 was no annus
1924. mirabilis so far as horti-
culture is concerned, gar-

deners have cause to be satished with the
results of their labours during the twelve
months, and with the steady progress of
their craft in all directions. Crops generally
were satisfactory, although there was a
deficiency of certain kinds of fruits and
l'etatos suflered from late blight to a greater
extent than usual. Ornamental berry-
bearing trees and shrubs produced an
unusual wealth of fruits and thus added
vreatly to the attractiveness of gardens in
late autumn. The great exhibition at
Wembley overshadowed all other events in
the United Kingdom, and, indeed, in the
empire; it included some notable horti-
cultural exhibits, as well as of forestry and
agriculture. Numbers of colonial horticul-
turists were attracted to this great Empire
exhibition, and many of these, as well as
numerous visitors from .\merica and other
countries, took the opportunity of visiting
some of the more important gardens in this
country where they saw, frst hand, what

THE

GARDENERN

— — — — — ——

——— ——— ===” —À— —

they had only previously known by hearsay,
the glory and beauty of our English country-
side and homesteads. How far this great
show affected our horticultural exhibitions it
would be difficult to gauge, but we fear that
some suflered in consequence, although the
Chelsea show of the Royal Horticultural

Society was as successful as usual and,
being favoured by fine weather, attracted

enormous numbers of people during the
three days it was open. The Shrewsbury
Show was of the usual high standard of the
Shropshire Horticultural Societ y's exhibitions,
and the great flower show at York, popularly

known as the York Gala, attracted many
noteworthy exhibits, but this latter exhi-

bition suffered a serious decline in attendance,
so much so that the society is seriously
considering whether to hold an exhibition as
usual in 1925. The shows at Glasgow and
Aberdeen reached a high standard of excel-
lence. But the most remarkable floral event
of the year was the great initial show held. af
Southport in \ugust ; for an exhibition of
this importance to gain success at the first
effort is indeed remarkable and a fine testi-
mony to the splendid organisation and capa-
bilities of those responsible, and proved
conclusively that Hower shows are still
popular in this country. That this is true is
seen in the success which attended. the
fortnightly meetings of the Royal Horti-
cultural Society, for whilst in the past some
of these shows notably „the spring exhi-
bitions, were filled to overHowing with an
appreciative concourse of visitors, at certain
times of the year they were very sparsely
attended, whereas now all these for tnightly
exhibitions, even in mid-winter, attract large
numbers of horticultural enthusiasts. Nothing
more remarkable has been seen in the history
of horticulture than the increase in the
membership of the National Rose Society ;
for a society concerned only with one special
ower to have increased its membership by
over two thousand during a single vear
would have been regarded as little short of
marvellous by the older florists! — Good
progress has also been made bv the other
special floricultural societies, the National
Chrysanthemum Society and the British
Carnation Society, and notably bv the
National Dahlia Society, which has not only
increased its membership and held a splendid
exhibition, but for the first time for many
years has a substantial balance in hand.
Adverting to the Royal Horticultural Society,
everyone will agree that the severance of the
special fruit and vegetable shows from the
Holland Hall exhibition was a step in the
right direction, for, more than any other
type of exhibition, these two shows especially
attract professional gardeners, who take a
greater interest in prize produce and in the
skill of their fellow craftsmen as demon-
strated on the show board, than does the
general public. The special competitive
classes for Orchids arranged by the Council
of the Royal Horticultural Society for
amateur growers at two of the fortnightly
mectings, met with unqualified success, the
more so because they attracted large exhibits
from traders, so that the pick of collections,
both amateurs’ and professionals’, were on
view at one and the same time. The Orchid
societies at Manchester continue to do much
useful work and the newly-formed Orchid Club
has, we hope, a long and prosperous career
before it. The numerous plant-collecting
expeditions to the far East in recent years has
resulted in a steady. flow of fine novelties
that are enriching our gardens witha wealth

CHRONIC LE. |

ሙ= ፦ — S — = pow]

of fresh material, The number of new
plants certificated by the Royal Horticultural
Society is an index of the progress made in
this direction, and by hybridists. Rhodo-
dendrons have figured conspicuously in the
lists of awards and this genus seems as
fertile in new species as did the genus
Primula a few vears ago. We are indebted
to Lady Aberconway, Mr. T. H. Lowinsky,
and other amateur enthusiasts, as well as to
such traders as Messrs. R. Gill and Sons,
Messrs. Waterer, Sons and Crisp, and Mr. G.
Reuthe for the opportunity they have afforded
the public of secing many novelties- intro-

ductions and hybrids amongst — these
beautiful. lowering shrubs. We are also

indebted to the Hon. Vicary Gibbs for the
line displays of trees and shrubs at the R.H.S
meetings frem the rich collection at Aldenham
House Gardens, and these exhibits have
included many beautiful berried species that
serve to make the garden attractive in late
autumn, All garden lovers are glad to
know that Mr. F. Kingdon Ward is again
engaged in plant-collecting, the present ex-
pedition being his eighth, and from thc
account he is contributing to these pages it
will be seen there is plenty of fresh material
for our gardens in the vast Chinese E mpire
and its hinterlands. A sign of the times is
the co-ordination of market growers in their

endeavours to find new and improved
methods of cultivation and means of over-
coming insect pests and diseases. Work

such organi-
and

that is being carried out by
sations as the Lea Valley Nurserymen
Growers’ Association is sure to have a greal
influence on commercial horticulture, and in
this connection we may also point out that
the British Florists’ Federation has estab-
lished a Floral Committee for adjudicating
on the merits of flowers from the market
growers’ standpoint. .ላ joint committee of
the two last-named societies is engaged in
the useful business of ascertaining the best
and most economical: methods of heating
commercial glass-houses, and has recently
published a preliminary report of its pro-
ceedings. — Much valuable work is also
being done by the Chamber of Horticulture,
which has a wide range of activity, and
concerns itself not only with trade affairs,
but also with such items of general interest as
railway charges, which affect private gar-
deners as well as nurserymen and market

growers. The holding of the annual
conference of the Federation Horticolc
Professionnelle Internationile in May was

made the occasion for returning in a slight
measure the hospitality afforded by foreign
horticulturists to British gardeners attending
conferences and similar functions abroad,
and no one can doubt but that such inter-
national courtesies have a great influence on
trade between one country and another. — ላህ
horticulturists will be delighted to observe
the great spread of public gardens, for
municipalities are realising more and morc
the influence public parks and gardens have
on the public health, and that parks and
open spaces are sources of pleasure and
recreation to all members of the community.

The output of gardening books during the
year has far exceeded that of any other. since
the war and we think that the quality of thc
majority of the latest works shows an im-
provement on that of the past few years.
In so far as the Gardeners’ Royal Benevolent
Institution is concerned, 1924 will long be a
red-letter vear, for the amount raised in the
past twelve months for distressed gardeners
and their widows has, thanks largely to the

di AE ' N ie | Supple mentary Flaite’ presented

v c e okonia broa have Hail him for tho

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6
Committee provide amply for the leading
exhibitors at the R.H.S. As usual, Lt.-Col.

Sir Geo. L. Holford, K.C:V.O., Sir Jeremiah

Colman, Bt., Baron Bruno Schröder, H. T.
Pitt, Esq.. G. F. Moore, Esq, E. R.

Ashton, Esq., and other amateurs responded
well. The leading nurserymen exhibitors
were Messrs. Charlesworth and Co., Messrs.
Sanders. Messrs. Cowan and Co. Messrs.
Armstrong and Brown, Messrs. Stuart Low
und Co.. and Messrs. J. and A. McBean.

Among the highest examples of floral
excellence and cultural skill were Laelio-
Cattleya Queen Mary. its variety Coloss,
and the no less beautiful Westonbirt variety.
selected from a score of grand specimens
in the Gold Medal group exhibited by Nir
Geo. Holford in October last for which the
Silver-Gilt Lindley Medal was worthily
awarded to Mr. H. G. Alexander. the

grower. Other First-Class forms from Woes-
tonbirt were Laclio-Cattleva Imperatrix Re-
zia, L.C. Lustrissima Westonbirt variety,
Cypripedium Crusader Westonbirt.— variety
and C. Perseus (see Fig. 2). Six fine Cym-
bidiums also secured awards an the pretty,
yellow Lnelio-Cattleya Orange Blossom var.
June.

Odontoglossums were shown at every meet-
117 and certificates given, but | curiously
enough. ከ1 the opinion of many experts.
the best Odontoglossum was the wonderful

model white and clear. yellow Odontoglossuni

R*^ve d'Or shown by Messrs. Charlesworth
and Co. that was not entered to go before
the committee. ft is of the same elass as

the superb O. Armstrongi shown by Messrs.
Armstrong and Brown last yenar and again
in still. {iner form this season. Odonto-
glossum erispum has ałways been and
always will be a favourite and the
white forms have been greatly improved.
The three best white crispums of the year
are O. erispum Evansiae, which gained a
First-Class Certificate at Chelsea, the equally
good O. eripum Peart McBean illustrated
11 The Gardeners’ Chronicle of June, 1924,
one of the purest and most refined whites,
and Messrs. Saunders’ O. erispum Mary
CGratrix which is perfect in shape and of
fine substance.
The coloured
hard fight to highest
during the past year. the great number
already certificated being a severe test. The
same applies to all the other large sections.
A broad view shows that. however complicated

had a
award

Odontoglossuins have

secure the

the lineage, those whieh show most of O.
erispum in form and substance, and those
showing the ancestry from O. Pescatorei,

pure

THE GARDENERS
in the front rank. An instance is O.
eximium McBean’s variety, a flower perfect
in shape and tinted rich amethyst purple.
O. Doreen variety D. A. Cowan, and )
Model, of J. J. Bolton. Esq.: O. Monarch,
of Messrs. Cowan and Co., which gained the
highest award at Chelsea; O. Felix, of Messrs.

Stuart Low, ond several novelties following
their O. Purple Emperor class by Messrs.
Charlesworth, are all worthy of special
mention.

The collection of R. Gerrish, Esq., Milford
Manor, Salisbury, is specially rich in Odon-
tiodas, and he received awards for several
tinely coloured novelties, the best being Oda.
Ganesa, Gerrish’s variety (ኮ.('.('.ነ, Oda. Induna,
Oda. Juanita. and Oda. Laura, Cerrish’s
variety. One of the largest red Odontiodas,
that gained the highest award of the R.H.S.,
was Oda. Columbia, shown by Messrs.
Charlesworth and Co. at the January meeting:
while Messrs. Sanders) Oda. The Torch was
‘one of the largest scarlets. Messrs. Armstrong
and Brown's Oda. Coronation, Orchidurst
variety and Oda. Purple Emperor. are both
very distinet flowers.

ln. Miltonas the section which surpasses all
others are the new M. Wiliam Pitt varieties
of Messrs. Charlesworth and ('(). ; them wholly

Violet-purple variety atro-purpurea and the
Rosslyn variety in Mr. Pitts collection are
both a revelation m colour expansion. for
the degp colour which suffüuses the whole
flower is derived from the. violet. bases ot
the petals in M. Roezlii and the maroon
mask on the lip of the M. vexillaria, the

primary ancestors Extending their. develop-

ment of Miltonia. Messrs. Charlesworth and
Co. have produeed many superb. novelties;
they staged at me of the recent shows four
charming Odontonias in their. early stages,

Ocdontonia Alexandra obtaining an award.
Cypripediums have apcared at most of the
shows of the year, Messrs. Cypher and Sons,

Cheltenham. always showing them at their
best. but the highest testimonials to their

worth have been the two superb groups shown
by G. F. Moore, Esq, who was awarded
Gold Medals for his exhibits, and his gardener
à Silver-gilt) Lindley Medal. His. best. certifi-
eated plants were C. Memoria F. M. Ogilvie
var. The King; €. Charlotte Dillon, Chardwar

var'ety, and C. Mildred. var. Mrs. Stephen
Anderson. [ከሩ best in Mr. Robert. Paterson's
group were C. Odin and C. Our Princess.

One of the very best Cypripediums of the past
year is C. Cappamagna var. Fred Sander. a
variety that. represents. the highest. type of
this fine hybrid. which Messrs. Sanders have
vet. flowered.

with its equally broad segments, are always Brassavola crosses, in which Messrs. Cowan
NEW HYBRID ORCHIDS.
(Continued. from November 29, 1924. p. 370.)

Name. Parentaze. Exhibitor.
Brasso-Cattleya Goliath ... 442 we! BEC. Thorntonii x C. labiata | Mon. Chassaing.
Brasso-Laclio-Cattleva Nerissa ... B.-L. Helen. x C. Mendelii P e" .. Stuart Low:

Cattleya Joan Fabia ጻ Lambeauli —... ወቹ ee bes S00. J. Lucas, Esq.

Cattleya Queenie Hesta x Dowiana aurea — — * a. | MeBean.

Cymbidium Emerald Lowio-grandiflorum x Tracyanum ... v. .. Stuart Low.

(Cymbidium Fairy . erythrostylum x Gottianum ... P * ... | Sanders.

Cypripedium Armament Armistice IL >= Maudine Mrs. Bruce and Miss Wrigley.

Cypripedium Dr. Clayton

Charlesworthii x
Cypripedium Eros 11.

TEN E

Gurkha QU.
Queen Alexandra x Alcibiades

. H. J. Bromilow, Esq.
.. H. J. Bromilow, Esq.

Cypripedium J. T. Barker | Shogun < San-Actaeus m vis ae .. Sir H. Leon.
Cypripedium Llewellyn ... F ... Hanmer Christopher < Goliath ve .. Keeling.
Cypripedium Mildred var. Mrs. Stephen | bourtonense x Christopher ... m ne S0 G. F. Moore, Esq.

Anderson

Cypripedium Madras Fairrieanum «

Cypripedium Olympia Olympus x Leander vas P. Smith, Esq.

Cypripedium Paladin — Reginald Young x Fairrieanum Mrs. Bruceand Miss Wrigley.
Cypripedium White Star... niveum x Alcibiades M d ae .. C. Cookson, Esq.
Laclio-Cattleya ardentissima €. Dowiui aurea x L.-C. Mantiniosa ... ...| Pauwels,

Laelio-Cattleva Heloise . [..-('. Labjosn » €. Enid RT Stuart Low.

Laelio-Cattleva Helvetia ... St. Gothard x Queen Marie... — — .. Sanders.

Laelio-Cattleva Navajo L.€ callistoglossao x €. Ballantiniasa .. .. 4. P. Mossman, Esq.
Odontoglossum Eve erispuni ~» Pallas... Mrs; Bruce and Miss Wrigley.
Odontoglossum Figaro Vardar « Aulaon Charlesworth.
Odontoglossum Minotaur... Cordoba Clovis Charlesworth.

Odontoglossum Thyades ... F e
Odontoglossum Zeta adh — ct
Odontonia Alexandra Y e
SNophro-Laelio-Cattleya Panel,

Jaspar

Jasper ። Mirum

Nore, — Laclio-Cattleya

Gaston. Bultel

Nt. James

Odontonia Merope
L.-C. bletehleyensis «S.-C. warnhamensis

Bekeriana in dist of November 29, 1024, should be 1[..-(..

[1. J. Bromilow, Esq.

Charlesworth.
Me Bean,
Charlesworth.
Stuart Low.

Odin. Crethus,

bombardier variety.

CHRONICLE.

Janvcary 3, 1995.
and (Co. take special interest, include new
forms of this firm's Brasso- Laelio-Cattleva

Jupiter and the new type of B..C. British
Queen, which flowered also with H. T. Pitt.
Ssq.. and Mrs. Gratrix; 13..( The Globe,
of Messrs. Armstrong and Brown: and
B.L.-C. ቭ. Me Black, of Messrs. Flory
and Black. a grand, vellow variety. 1 The
latter. firm's Cattleya Prince. Shimadzu var.
Titanic and €. Tagus var. Excelsior were
among the few Cattlevas certificated. which
ineluded the C. Joycee Hanmer of R. Gerrish,
Esq.

Nir Jeremiah Colman's exhibits are always
interesting in including some of the finest
of the old species, and notably the grand
forms of Lycaste Skinneri. Mrs. Bruce and

Miss Wrigley in the Manchester district. and
the veteran Orchidist. H. 1]. Pitt. Esq.. were
also exhibitors of these old favourites.
an
the
and

Manchester is now
for Orchids, and both
the older Manchester
Orchid Society are
their meetings and
the chief Orchidists in
key of the arch at
CGratrix, Esq.. West
who hus been an

important centre
Orchid Club and
North of England
doing useful work. and
shows attract some of
the country. [ከር
Manchester is Samuel
Point, Whalley Range.
enthusiastic Orchidist from
boyhood, and his wife is equally fond of
Orehids. while his grower Mr. J. Howes, is
one of the best cultivators of our time. At
practically every meeting of the Manchester
Society Mr. Gratrix makes a fine display.

ላ. Hanmer Esq.. Buxton. also. stages fine
groups. ከከ which Odontoglossums and other
favourites are marked features, and bring
their reward. in — First-Class Certificates.
Philip Smith. Esq, Haddon House, Heaton-
on-Mersey., while seldom showing. large

groups, is noted for always staging novelties
of sterling merit, especially in Cypripediums.

Mrs. Bruce and Miss Wrigley constantly
keep up the Orchid fame of Bridge Hall,

Bury, and. while. showing many new
pediums raised in

Cypri-
the collection, they never

negleet the species. some of the original
importations in the collection being still
in fine condition, reflecting the highest
eredit on Mr. Burns, the gpardener at
Bridge Hall. The collection of Lyveastes,

some of whieh originated there, is probably
the best in the country. Nurserymen from
all parts of the country. including Messrs.
Charlesworth and Co., Messrs. Sanders, Messrs.
Cypher and ('በ., and Messrs. Armstrong and

Brown from the south, are members of the
Committee of the Manchester Society, and
frequently show at the meetings. On the
whole there is ample evidence that interest
in Orchids is on the upward grade. and
that those who are concerned do not intend
to let it decline. J. O B.

THE TEMPERATURE OF ORCHID
HOUSES IN WINTER.

THe various houses in whieh Orchids are
grown may be grouped into four divisions,
viz.: (1) East Indian house: (2) Cattleya
house: (3) Intermediate house; (4) Cool

or Odontoglossum house.

The temperatures at night. in the aforesaid
divisions should be as nearly as possible as
follow :--(1) 60° to 657; (2) ስን? to 60°:
(3) about 55^; (4) 90 10 02. The tempera-
tures should be governed more or less by
the weather conditions. When it is extremely

cold a degree ቦኮ two below the figures
stated will cause less harm to the plants
than an excessive. amount of fire-heat.

The maximum degrees should be maintained
Whenever the external temperature ranges
between 300 and 40. The day. temperatures
should be raised at least ጋ, and whenever
the sun canses ዘ rise oof several degrees
the plants will be benefited. thereby, provided
the atmosphere conditions of the house
stable and the amount. of
air ዘከ(1ክህ11|1[[(.1. ›/.

are
[11 =ኣዘበፐነ' fresh

Collier.

Se መዬ. Fr» — % — ie et et መድ — M d a — — — P — — መፍ C መንድ —— —

— wa — E T ^ CHRON CLE. 37 ለ pis a : :

d ው መው፡ውጭ —

]

MeDOUGALL'S

Í ARSORETAS |

“BRE i4 ድ IRI t OR Ds with WINTER WASH.

H Aer seating: 'ክ፳፡። Want for chaannieg
1 Frais Trews Yrorm Mose and Linn.
፤ Hastroys . Fungohd “Siperes and.
$ ' Co berating insects,

—— "Lr Ae x
^ b PINT QUART THM), €
M. ONE Ge LOW TINS) mj.
T TERCIUM Ia.

——
አተ ታው መውን መሪ ‘pee Y
፪ ፍ — 327 1 "3 jet ^
1 ማናው tux per Pi int

Seid: fronminn foray ate,
6j- fer Quart

af OST
TREE | |

— — — ——

— — —— — — a

MODOUGALL & ROBERTSON, CT,
(566/68, Pert Sirout, Win yee hen be

ዘጭ ODER

$
“ሠ ‹ጣው “ው መጣው ag e te ae a aa e a eat nl

e pair- aa emy, s a

NOM æ
The Largest.

PODDED $
DIARI PEAS Tus

DOBBIE'S —
SCOTCH - —
disks giie — — ከሠ - 141.
“Send at “unter dot. n: Catafighe.

WORLD,

HEIGHT 2 FEET.
ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE

| ኤግ መታ ከ "s Jale this: ዴፓ
yw POST’ FREG UN APPLICATION:

DOBBIE & CO. um.

ተለ a BE Di NBURGH.

Jame barter v aptid

RAYNES PARK, LONDON, S.W., 20.

አ.) AUTE

809 —
በጸክበበ6 & ALPINE ዘለ

ዳይሀበወ ያ :-

FOR ‘SALE.
EDINA. BLACK CURRANT 90:

à frein ihr Mame: stack es duown. 55 —

he Firm, whi have a Marge = :::8.፡፡ ALPINE PUA NTS
i t ie irm, veh has, y very fg: Wu. wWEOp-p i ና
dereages; One በስ PORUM, dd ESN Na e i AST ERS (Miehacinms | Daisies).

Selendiri pwn. Eres trom tir — 1 [5 E | ORIENTAL. POPPIES-
Bad. de ን ከባ Mak and Poe E - PHLOX d DELPHINIUM |
1) gent free, on dad end uc Kk oe PYRETHRUM, Kc.
: Che ዘመ CORE. ^ SWELLS, JUNR.
7 APPLE TREES | 8 Hony Plat Neem
1 own on English Broad S |. MERSTHAM, Bay. us jl
( — ne and: wo — wis — SEXUS መዕ

3 |። SPRING FLOWERING 88065 ፡

TE ለወዳከከልኮጅ፡:ሻ. C RUNES

1... GaAs (00 CHERRIPS
2200, MAGNOLIAS - '. DAPHNES
: | — ud EA HEUS ae

Now. |

B i PLANT.

\ UN opune BF ioe Yea: a Ry is
5, Japanese: እወ. CRIDDINGE eub 50: 253 2

js 'Neverdn’ ረ ENSURE Foot Sut d pu
ake Bow sari VTE C aante ክ80ጮ :

— :ኣካዜጆዛኳክ BEAUTY Tt * POLISH ያ Vii par
E eee Deroy Ravn WY: ብ436: V ዳጠ imde the “Word,
315 AW A ESTER Perua. joe ene መናም “መት”

ER T rounte. he * following ‘Mats will |
| mussuM sa Wate ene ;
MATS . "JR 51. tins B Go EBS
` ,1ዛከጴቨ aigey - — Gu ፡
TA APLOW - E x3 የር:
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ን መ XE EN Ln 1... 80 [||
s cz 22 is W
DARJEELING - ‘MATTING | in Seek Ped
Ao 1 Sizes and tes measure. Rall ou and ral A NS
ይሩ | Sg Ryo Nu lages ends Afi these man wall OR":
|

— | Tue weer AND
CHEAPEST.

| SPECIAL. POTS
for Roses, Vines.

ርነ BS 222 Clenietiz, Clrehids and
b. — “GE Chrysaothempme. i

emm mam a canes

Barns: Veursie qms
8: HOI HS Sees. ie

Peces ^n. n ie pplica tian.

1 CHIVERS & SONS, LTD.
BRISTON, CAMBS. |

Fancy Fern Pane and»
from Sd peach: e
ከሣ በ!
eli Grieve E% erpiex
the srme diy acc
; feceived:. i

STOVE & GREENHOUSE PLANTS gre your plants dunng ‘the —

Aralias, Crokona, Calsdiuma, Dracesnas,. Bic, all | UBER "aie dor. 5 page Eoque. ;
kinds of Foliage, Flowering Ae Climbing Pianis ነ.

Tha burgon ani mom compleis ::4(፡ሀ[ሀ) in the Trude > > | WM. wooo & SON, EIL
L. R. RUSSELL, LTD, | TAPLOW. BUCKS. -

i F : CAT TR KT M 2) — ——
Richmond, ‘Nurseries, Richmond, Surrey, |ኔ à ——— —— BC 56 s E ፈጄ. a -

b. — : ዝክ genstily pt veoh ZUM
— et * — Paid: question. oF nis
P tak Mia enon errs Lut.

5 Hie HABD. BARKEY ፳ 508 ETH

, Rat Le MEAT: "

y -H RO NICLE: — d 15፡1: AUN - ; 1925.

—⸗ — — — — — — e asia — — — — — — — oe — ፍመ — — AN — —

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; Jus NATU ያዘድ ወ ARDE N Ek Ea |

መ ] — js 2 eA ሃ * x ; ፍ * ^ |
Phe ዘጠ ዘብያ for —— Daily use at S v z —

ከይ own a — peo 9" HOS
JOHN WEATHERS, FR n.s, 5.
32 » Mathor 87 .. ius uh
A TA Practica! Geol te ‘Garden: Plante,” ehe. M

ኣኳ ith EO Wate in Coler. r iine s
AL Js; ሻራ EU pin 55 ra Migs Beat ዞር dbi
Tansags.. Mike Tey, ኳ ARRINGTON, and |]
"Mies እን AVAL KER cat Eq. ie :
| "pane 16 di lar k ES White, eer”

gts: d 566. —

ON HE a kemay ishicfor a gardeno
end this: bik would make" We e
prophesy it wili soon be oa the book-
shelf at the fight ከ880. af. the BASO -
cha asfawany- warden lover. o 2o oo
very. ስዑ 188(341ኔ amareür finds hope Hee
— titües- and many times involved: "s Bie
dificuiges ov. perplexed with douhts, = = = =}:

voris. FROM. ALA Bí
STONE: S E

A R ዘ e e

enc * D pr a dew

"Spare. Grounds - ces
d EE Winter. E |
| Botte: work i 18. necessary at this season i eee
d ef thes Scar. but ay, the same: — c
20. about: pot be entirely: ‘neglected —
Earth Worms. VEA
wing. to the recent. ear ——

(o anh Work sire vere treublesome, -
(Yung —— ot Sonam 3 Won Dea:
2trever-b to 85 per. Bquate Gand sut.
| በህጆክኩ bring these: Sree: 1 fe the:
«surface sehen they watt die A SS

We: Ds
pláuis. dap e:
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finit ሃነ vache Hs a (add Hn
d honie dnd des quite danh d E
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HE ented ያና produce. fru. the.
i hares ure Tere dendsome. |

ae — adis e — RE ee ar
| 116 gaan anid à dresomy of Sutton 5

: Jo Mose Deernever at thermes ef xà ths. cd = and. nns tine he ሟ vith.
and runes mut where ni seek reliable: ~ |. prr tquaxp- pale. p died-- 48: ey pez Nus ;
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ay’ "Harris ow heri Jared: be flack afra a
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Fere JU ne ne giyer saes e — ከ te ET. gas ብ "gà ከ8 ihe à € hc
this” ook: Tu I A ANAE buy — 5 s E: : suibfis ር zal

yourself. You need not fear 4t. wnl
"be an exrravapgance, for im maby’
WAYS iti vil „Topay you its cost many:

; SUTTON &- gons
መመ ese — x ; ደ S

Chee, Beram. & Go —— dh
“The Royal Nürseries E. ANS
OMIMDSTONE: ጃክ

Mmes 946.7 eui The. British Aet. F AEE BP a FAE EV EEE ሊጋ
p. . | For bawn Grass | d
| LONGMANS, (GREEN. X co. SE Seeds. ; fertilisers, ete MET. RE —
MN Paternoster ክህ. kangon, 56. *c ass 2a e Bree — SS —

4* "759 —

d Uririvailed ior.
i ae የ E

. GIUSEPPE FRATELLO à à vol LE |.
ANDRIA (BARI) ITALY. | ፲

: — LE SEED. | GROWERS di

GRANI SELECTED SPEC TALI iv — ma
* (white and Coles bz 39 PPM.
UisilBrnec; Leeks ‘and Lettuce,

CONTRACTS FOR ANY SPECIAL d i i F
CUATON CHNDERTAREN. » i aie

a! [86 JACKMAN t SON
Woking Nurseries, ; REY.

ጣፎ. thepection «1. thea Laske end.
ነ” ጽፎ] Stock of..

ORNAMENTAL

TREES

AND -

SHRU BS,

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S V E. UD S: 5. 6. ል R DE E EN "RUI U 51 8 i s H Ez —
FR UIT TREES

SY NTRETIC HERRACEOUS AND ALPINE PLANTS. |

2ኤ AV orate vite Ay T ;
t Ske ንእ SAR te ፡ x

a FA RM YA R D M A N U RE 200 Acfes o ef. Stock 16 Select: frorn.:
|. - ክዝክር A ፲3 #2 «ን Process

- Catalogues. Free 98 Application
Pati hizi in the 4. nitid "ይሠ dud. briidi. J

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LANDSCAPE GARDENING
| ESTATE í IMPROVEMENTS. ab

pg E NUI. OR Ub ው pU RE DICE E
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9 oa $504 ne. seme. pot ፡ ዳይህዛና — —*

sees — : EX P e ef COOPERS. WINTER SPRAY, FLUID

oc ENS. ቻም LEE 3
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8 THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

EDITORIAL NOTICES.

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PUBLISHER, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
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good a `

ROSA FARGESII.
HE increasingly frequent references in
horticultural journals to a Rose with the
above name justifies a protest against

a breach of the practice long recognised in
botanical nomenclature, of which it furnishes

a cardinal example. By common consent.
the names of men famous in the annals of
botany are usually associated with species.

and on the rare occasions when they are
attached to important varietal forms systema-
tically exhibiting some peculiar characteristic,
it is always with the prefix var. or forma.

The investment of this Rose with the
name of Farges, in any shape, is doubtless
a matter of taste, but to associate the
famous collectors name with it without
varietal prefix, so that the Rose appears to
be a good species, is unjustifiable.

Rosa Fargesii, as such, is unknown to
science, and ‘is hardly likely to be known,
«nce it is nothing but one of the many
colour forms of R. Moyesii found by Wilson.
and to which, except in the case of the
variety rosea—the leaves of which have a
downy midrib—he did not think it necessary
to give distinguishing names.

At one time it was suggested that the
hirsute character of the fruits in some
examples of this Rose was of sufficient.
morphological value to warrant the choice

of a specific name for it. though no formal
description was published; but seminal própa-
gation has shown that the character is
neither constant nor reliable. ln some plants
the hairs on the fruits are sparse. and in
some they are absent. The fruits of this
variety are supposed to be brighter in colour
than those of the type, but, like the hairs,
the colour varies; and in any case, colour
is not a good botanical character.

If some botanist formally describes the
Rose in question as R. Fargesii, and the
determination is accepted, there is no more
to be said; but unless and until that is
done, the specific association of Farges’s name
with any of the pink-flowered forms of
R. Moyesii can only lead to confusion.

Along with the type and other forms of
R. Moyesii, the pink-flowered variety originated
ut Coombe Wood nursery, having been ruised
there from seeds sent home by Wilson in 1903.
There are many forms of R. Moyesii, and
the Rose to which Farges’s name has been
attached may come from a sowing of seeds
of the type plant or the varieties.

The Floral Committee of the Royal Horti-

cultural Society gave the plant an award on
October 17, 1922. when it was brought tu
their notice as R. Fargesii, and although the
official imprimatur of the Royal Horticultural
Society carries no weight in scientific circles,
it undoubtedly tends, in a horticultural sense,

as in this instance, to the perpetuation of
confusion.
The type plant is No. 3543 in Wilson's

1903 collection, with Tachien-lu as the locality.
ln his 1908 collection it occurs again twice,
but with deep rose flowers and orango-scarlet.

fruits, under numbers 1056 and 3587. and
localities north-east of Tachien-lu and west
of Kuan Hsien. In the 1910 list the red-
flowered Rose figures again under three
numbers -- 1289. 4111. and 4008, all near
T'achien-Iu.

Mose growers may often have wondered

why it should be so difficult to obtain this

species on. its own roots. from nurseryinen,
but as it does not come true from
seeds, hurseryvmen have either to graft
their stock or raise it from cuttings. The

species 15 easily raised from seeds. but seed-
lings do not flower for three years. and
sometimes four. by whieh time they are of
some size. As no one can be sure of the
colour of the flowers of seedlings till the
plants have bloomed, nurserymen must either
wait at least three vears in the ease of
seed-raised plants or sell grafted plants. or
rooted cuttings. If they sel unflowered
seedlings the customer may find himself in
possession of one of the forms with dull
and dirty red flowers or those of brick
colour. Under the circumstances, the nursery-
men's choice of grafting is perhaps natural.
The best way out of the difficulty is for
amateurs to sow seeds themselves, take the
piek of the plants and throw the rest awav.

A particularly fine form of the type plant
is to ከ6 seen now and again. [In it the
flowers are about two-and-a-half inches in
diameter, the leaves correspondingly fine and
the petal colour that of the type. There is
a remarkably beautiful old bush of the pink-

flowered form in the garden at Caerhnys
Castle, and three huge thickets of the

1903 type in wet ground in Mr. Burroughes’s
garden at Ketton, possibly one of the coldest
gardens in the country. Birds find these old
bushes convenient for nesting. Amateur.

THE ROSE GARDEN.

THE BEST BEDDING YELLOW
PERNI'TIANAS.
With the introduction in 1910 of Rayon
dOr by Pernet-Ducher, a new break in

colour for bedding Roses delighted rosarians.
Hitherto the Tea and Hybrid-lea groups
had provided the yellow bedding varieties.
These, eg. Lady Hillingdon and Mme.
Ravary, to mention. two well-known — Roses,
appear buff rather than true yelow when
put alongside of Rayon d'Or, or the more
recent yellow | Pernetianas. The yellowish
coloration in the T.’s and H.T.’s has been
derived from the yellow, Tea-scented China
Rose introduced a century ago. Rayon d'Or
and its successors, on the other hand, owe
their colour to quite a different source, viz.,
to the Austrian Briar (Rosa lutea), in which
the yellow pigment is much deeper and
purer than in the Tea-scented China. Though
double, summer-flowering forms (e.g., Persian
Yellow and Harrisonii) of the yellow Austrian
Briar have been known for a long time, I
think I am correct in stating that before
the advent of Rayon d’Or we had not a
single yellow Rose of this origin, with the
perpetual blooming habit suitable for beds.
Soleil d'Or (1900) made 4 near approach, but
it is orange rather than true yellow in
colour. This Rose. though it never achieved
popularity, had within itself great. potentialities.
It resulted from a cross made by Pernet-
Ducher between Persian Yellow and the H.P.
Antoine Ducher. A decade later. Rayon d'Or

JANUARY 3. 1925.

was produced by crossing Soleil d'Or with
the H.T. Mélanie. Soupert.

It has been the carnest desire of Rose
growers to obtain a hardy bedding Rose
with blooms after the stvle of the grand
old Maréchal Niel. In the production of
Rayon d'Or Pernet-Ducher pointed the way,
and now the goal has almost, if not quite,
been reached. It would have been more in
keeping with the abbreviations H.P., HLT..
etc., to have designated these new Austrian
Briar Hybrids by the letters H.A.B.; but
the Rose world, and especially the National
Rose Society, was anxious to do honour
to the great French Hose hybridist. and so
christened this new race of Roses originated
by him the Pernetianas -ዜ euphonious name
which met with approval and has persisted.

Rayon d'Or had not been long in. cultivation
before it began to reveal a grave defect,
namely, that of a poor constitution. 11. dies
back in a provoking manner, and a bed of
it soon shows gaps through deaths. further-
more, there was not sufficient quality in its
bloom to encourage the exhibitor to persevere

with it. Its colour, of course, was its great
asset. Now that several vigorous varieties

of the-same hue are in existence Rayon d'Or
has already in many gardens become 8
memory only.

ላ trio of these at the
for the premier

present time tie
place as the best. bedding

Yellow Pernetiana. These are Mrs. Wemyss
Quin (A. Dickson and Sons. 1914). Golden
Emblem (MeGredy and Non, 1916), and
Christine. (MeGredy and Non, 1918). There
are still. newer yelow Pernetianas on trial,

one or more of which may supplant the
above. My experience. of them 15 as vet
too limited to allow a definite opinion. to

be expressed.

Let me briefly analyse. the merits and
defects of the above. three Roses, according
as they acquit. themselves in the N.W. of
England. One gratifying feature is that the

blooms withstand wet exceptionally well, and
they have been abundantly tested in this
way during the recent summer and autumn.

Golden Emblem perhaps is a little more
hable to damage by rain than the other
two. The difference between a good and

bad wet-resisting vellow Pernetiana was vividly
brought before the writer when looking over
some Roses in a local nursery last September.
Pernet-Ducher brought out in 1920 a superb
new yellow Pernetiana which he named
Souvenir de Claudius Pernet, in memory of
his son killed in the War. It is disappointing
to think that this variety js hardly likely
to become a universal favourite on account
of its being only a fine weather Rose. dn

a bateh of about fifty plants of Nouv. de
Claudius Pernet in. the above nursery only
one bloom out of a couple of hundred or

so was at all presentable. The majority of them
had balled in the full bud, and were in n
state of rottenness: whereas a quantity of Mrs.
Wemyss Quin and Golden Emblem adjacent
had hardly a bloom spoilt. Christine, from
my own experience, is equally as good as,
if not better than, these two in wet weather.

One supposes that Souv. de C. Pernet
rots so easily on account of its fullness,
though I am inclined to think that there
is something more than mere fullness to
account for the bad behaviour of certain
varieties under wet conditions. On the basis

of petalage one would expect. for example,
Mrs. Aaron Ward and Mrs. Alfred Tate to
be as good rain-resisters as Mme. Ravary and
Dorothy Page Roberts respectively: but they
are not. Besides fullness of bloom, temperature
may be involved. Perhaps some varieties
are, as it were, set at a higher temperature
for blooming than others When it is dull
and wet the temperature 15 usually lower
than when the sun is shining. The ” warm
weather" Roses expand so slowly in the
wet as to rot before they open out.

As regards habit Mrs. Wemyss Quin is the
strongest grower, sending up tall, stiff, flowering
shoots. A large bed of it is very effective
as the central feature of a formal Rose

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ANNUALS FOR CONSERVATORY AND
. . GREENHOUSE DECORATION.

NYCTERINIA CAPENSIS AND N.
SELAGINOIDES.
THESE two small-growing, half-hardy annuals

are worth cultivating in a small greenhouse.
The former has: Vanilla-scented, white flowers.

while the latter has pink flowers with a
yellow eve.

Seeds may be sown during January or
February in a cool greenhouse, and when

fit to handle the young seedlings should be

pricked off into a shallow box or pan;
later, when large enough, transfer them
to thumb. pote and in due course place

them in their. flowering pots. As thev are
small-growing plauts 48-sized pots are quite

large enough, or several plants may be
placed together. in a shallow pan. Bevond

enreful watering and the. usual cool treatment
the suecessful cultivation of these plants
presents no difficulty.
PAROCITETES COMMUNIS.
ALTHOUGH this

beautiful, blue-fowered,

Clover-like plant 18 a perennial, and more
or less hardy; it may be treated as an
annual as it flowers within a year from
seed sowing. Seeds may be sown in a cool
house during September, or during January
or February, and the seedlings prieked otf
into shallow seel boxes when quite small.
As this, plant is of a prostrate, creeping

habit. it is only suitable for filling hanging
baskets or shallow pans; when large enough
the plants should be placed in suitable-sized
baskets . or pans, six to eight inches in
diameter. ‘he cultivation of this plant is
not nt- all difficult as it thrives under
perfectly cool. conditions, and in any good
potting: , compost.
| PETUNIA.

IN their many varieties, both single and
double, the Petunias are. ideal subjects for
pot culture, and .1 is surprising they are
not more generally used for conservatory
and greenhouse decoration. The present-day
garden race is supposed to be descended
from two spécies, both natives of the
Argentine. ነ1 ፍጹ Petunia nyctaginiflora and
P. integrifolia, (ጸሃፌ. P. violacea). The former
has long, tubular, white flowers, and the

latter purplish-viglet: coloured) flowers: both
make elegant pdt.) plants, but at present
their cultivation Seems to be restricted to

Botanie Gardens. As with the garden strains
so witht the species; propagation is effected
either by means of seeds or cuttings.
Dealing. with the ‘garden varieties, seeds may
be sown during: February or March, in a

house ‘with a. irinperature. bf about 2305,
}

using a light, sandy. compost, and, sowing
the tire seeds very thinly: and just. covering
them with a dusting of fine, sandy soil.
Cover the seed receptacles with a piece. of
glass and keep the pans shaded until
germination takes place. When fit to handle

should be pricked off
into shallow boxes or pans, using a light,
irch compost at this stage. The seedlings
should be watered carefully, and being tender,
should 56 kept .shaded from bright sunshine.
When . they have made several leaves the
young. plants may be transferred. singly to
small sixty-sized pots, using a slightly heavier
compost than before, but in their. subsequent
stages, of growth any good potting compost
will prove. satisfactory.

As they increase, in
advances, the plants
to ordinary greenhouse
them plenty of air and
hottest part of the. day.

Excellent examples ot the smaller-growing
variefies may be cultivated in five-inch pots,
the stronpger-growing Varieties requiring siX-
Inch and seven-ineh pots, or if large speciinens
are | desired. thay may be grown on in eight-
inch or. nine-inch. pots.

the young seedlings

size, and the season
should be accustomed
conditions. giving
shade during the

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

Young plants should be pinched frequently
to promote a bushy, wellfurnished Dabit;
stopping should be regulated by the time the
plants are required to flower, allowing about
a month from the last pinching to the time
of flowering: neat staking and tying are
necessary. Petunias enjoy liberal. feeding
with diluted liquid. farmyard manure, or some
approved artificial fertilizer when. they have
well filled their flowering pots with roots.

When dealing with the double varieties
care should be taken to retain the smaller
seedlings. as they are most likely to prove
the best. If it is desired to keep any
particular variety this may be done by
means of cuttings, which root readily m a
Close case. J. Coutts.

— —

INDOOR PLANTS.

NEPENTHES.

Very few subjects. grown

under glass are

more attractive or interesting than the
Pitcher Plants. They are amongst the most
ornamental of plants for growing in baskets
suspended from the roof-ratters amidst a
collection of other foliage and flowering
plants in a moist, warm conservatory. They
are also valuable for exhibitions or other
decorative purposes, and with care will lust
fresh and green for a considerable time.
The pitcher is a most. striking appendage
of the leaf developed at its apex, and
furnished with a stalk- -ften a very long

onc. At the mouth ot the piteher is a
thickened corrngated rim, and in. the pitcher
itself is a fluid. The inside of the lid is
studded with honey-secreting glands, which
are also present around the corrugated rim.
This is the bait that allures the insect. to
the trap, and it is drowned in the fluid at
the bottom, providing nourishment to the
plant by this novei means. 11 is not
desirable that the pitchers of cultivated
Nepenthes should contain a mass of decom-
posing insects, and flies or other insects
may be prevented from entering by placing
a piece of cotton-wool just inside the mouth

of the pitcher. also by keeping the pitcher
partly filled with water. The water will
serve to stimulate the plant for it will be

absorbed through the midrib of the leaf.
The pitchers are often beautifully coloured,
The flowers are very interesting. and are
produced when the stem has attained a

considenable length. The flower stalk is
usually produced from the end of the stem,
but not always: it sometimes attains a
length of twoọ feet and bears upwards of

a hundred small flowers. The stems of
Vigorous-growing Nepenthes will lengthen
to two feet to three feet in ክ single season,
and will have ten to twelve. pitchers
depending from them. Growers do not
usually allow the stem to. grow tb such

a length, and after the plant has made a
reasonable amount of growth the stem is
stopped by pinching or cutting. resulting in
the plant making a bushy specimen.

The pitchers of the various species differ

greatly in form and size: they vary from
a few inches to a foot to eighteen inches

in length. ‘The plant is an epiphyte. therefore
it does not require much soil, and it ts
poorly provided with roots. [ከ6 801 should
consist of two-thirds fibrous loam. from which
all the finer carthy matter has been shaken

out, and one-third) Sphagnum-moss mixed
with charcoal. elean potsherds, and silver
sand. — Provide plenty of drainage, as the

plants will require a large amount of water,
ln re-potting. be careful not to injure the
roots: shake off all loose, old; or sour soil,

and place the plants in pots or baskets of
a small size. The baskets should. be made of
Teak wood, which is more lasting than any

other kind. and not. liable. to be attacked
by fungi. The best time for potting and

overhauling the plants is abouts the middle
of February, when cuttings may be taken
off and inserted. The strong tops make

JiNUCARY ጋ, 1925,

fine speeimens. with strong leaves and pitehers
suttable for growing on as specimen
plants for exhibition. The. young offshoots
Which arise from the. base of the plant
make good cuttings. They. should be taken
off and placed in a moist, warm house or
pit; they should not be allowed to flag.
but kept well watered.

Nepenthes require a temperature of በ0)
to 70° with an abundance of water; they
may be grown in baskets in a warm stove,
hanging over folage or other plants. or
over a heated water-tank, with plants
suitable for growing in water underneath.
The pitehers should be kept partially filled
with water, and the plants need to be
syringed two or three times a day. Shade
the plants from strong sunshine.

It 15 very interesting 10 watch
of seedling Nepenthes and the developing
of the young pitchers. At the Royal
Exotic. Nursery, Chelsea, visitors were always
attracted to the Nepenthes house, where
the plants grew most luxuriously over a
heated water-tank with side stages. Many
of the fine species and hybrids that were
grown during the. later. part of the last
century appear to be lost to cultivation.
The following hybrids may be highly recom-
mended to. the cultivator of warm-stove
plants: many of them were raised by Mr.
Tivey. who had charge of the Nepenthes at

the growth

Chelsea. and cultivated. them so well:
N. Sir Fred. W. Moore. a very distinct
variety, the pitehers. globular in form,
having a moderately broad rim of deepish.

reddish-brown: N.
with large pitehers of a
colour: N. Sie ነነ. T
with extra large pitchers that are richly
blotched with brownish-erimson: N. Chelsonii
excellens, the pitchers profusely spotted and
blotched with erimson-purple: N. Dickin-
soniana, one of the finest of hybrids, with
pitchers fourteen inches long: N. Mastersiana.
a very free-growing variety, with riehly-
eoloured pitchers ; and N. Morganiae, colour
blood-red in the adult stage.

The most distinct amongst the species. are
those following > -ኣ. Northiana, the adult
pitchers of which are twelve. to sixteen
Inches long and crimson. spotted ; N.
Hookeriana, pitchers spotted with red, and
furnished with = laciniated wings: N. Curtisit
superba, a striking Nepenthes, the ground
colour of the pitcher being a rich blood-red; N.

Tiveyi,a handsome variety
rich mahogany-red
Thiselton - Dyer.

Burkei excellens, riclily-coloured, — cylindrical
pitehers; with a chestout-red rim: N. Rafte-
siana, greenish-vellow..— richly marked with
brown: ኣ. Veitehity very distinet, rich
green pitebers with a brownish tinge: and
N. Ventricosa, with pitehers about five
inches long, curiously contracted in the

enumerated are

John Heal,

middle. All
distinct. and

|..)/ //.

have
cultivate.

those l
easy to
THE ANTIRRHINUM.

IN bygone days Antirrhinums were seldom
seen beyond. the limits of old-fashioned
cottage gardens and the plants were usually
increased by division of the roots. They
may, however, be propagated from cuttings
inserted in the autumn, pricked out in
a cold frame and planted out in their
permanent quarters carly in May; but this
method is very little practised. The best
results are obtained from = plants raised from

seeds.

In the process of raising, selecting. and
re-selecting the plants, three distinct. types
of Antirrhinum have been evolved, viz., tall,
intermediate, and «dwarf, thus increasing the
value of the flowers for garden purposes.
The tall varieties attain a height 0! three feet ;
the intermediate type generally ranges between
twelve inches to eighteen inches and the
dwarf or Tom ‘Thumb section seldom exceeds
six inches; all three classes have a distinet
value for different positions in the garden.

1አሸርበፈደባ 5, 1925.-
መያ Doe — — — Se — — — —“

E:
E:

WILLIS. BROS. E

SWE REST. OR THE MARKET:
STABLE MANDRE REQUIRED: |
igen) 5% à trop dreexmg, Fori
KA HEH Biases: Heriassous sHertiers

2 cep 38i — x. ፳16 30;-
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,AS- Cans ‘int ded
GARDEN SUPPLIES AT LOWEST PRICES.

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HARPENDEN. HERTS

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EVERY
GARDENER -
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Wc datar

ዷ 2 Set fie — ዲመራ-

| LARGE CATALOGUE! Na. ኣነ” FREE

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AMD. SUCTION GAS PLANTS
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THE.

Ua RDE NERS.

| Send at oi pe
n Illustrated

— ROSES

Herbaceous Plants and
Fruit Trees

GARDEN SECRETS
REVEALED FREE.
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THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. JANUARY 3, 1925.
7 ደ 2" he. — a. asa! x መ E P ርፈ 25^.
b nd —— E MEN Pa e —— ^ We a Th P- aae — os "AEN —— a Fis?

Books

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SPRING FLOWERS AT BELVOIR
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The art of Spring Bedding, as employed in
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Takes the gardener right through the year,

showing him the work to be done each month
in fruit, vegetable and flower quarters. 2/11

BLACK’S GARDENING DICTIONARY

An excellent book of reference, and a ሽክ
to the busy gardener. 11/3

ROCK GARDENS AND ALPINE
PLANTS. By T. W. Sanders.
A complete guide to the construction of large

and small rockeries. Profusely illustrated in
colour and half-tone. 8/-

THE COMPLETE AMATEUR GAR-
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A most useful book—so comprehensive that
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Illustrated in colour. An ideal guide to re-

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THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, Ltd..

ttis ው

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POPULAR HARDY PERENNIALS.
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COLOUR PLANNING OF

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"G'DINOWHO 83ኣ80898) spp or enepddug

JANUARY 3, 1925.

Antirrhinums are fairly hardy plants and
will withstand severe winters, especially when
they are growing in dry positions, for a cold,
damp atmosphere is most harmful to them.
A severe night's frost following a «day or
two of «dense fog usually proves fatal to
plante that would otherwise have withstood
our ever-changing climate. I have some-
times seen <Antirrhinums growing in cottage
gardens close to a wall and surviving the
severest weather, especially those planted in

a border by the dwelling house; they just
receive that little extra warmth which is
necessary to carry them through the
winter.

If plants raised from cuttings can be
successfully nursed throughout the winter

they will give an abundance of bloom quite
a fortnight earlier than those raised from
seeds. However. 1 am of the opinion that
the — old-fashioned — Antirrhinums we were
acquainted with many years. ago were of a
hardier type than the present-day varieties.

Although the Antirrhinum ts a perennial it
is usually treated as an annual or biennial.
L usually make two sowings of Antirrhinum
seeds, the first about the middle of December
and the second about the cend of January,
but those of the December sowing usually
make the best plants. [ከሁ first sowing is
raised in a temperature of ዑን , but for the

January sowing ten or fifteen degrees less
warmth will suffice. The days begin to

lengthen then, the sun is gradually gaining
in power and vegetation is on the move.

Sow the seeds thinly in shallow boxes
about three. or four inches. deep and place
in the bottom of each box some rough snil
to act as drainage, filling the box with light,
sandy soil mixed with. finely-sifted leaf-
mould. Fill the boxes to about half-an-ineh
from the top and press the soil gently to
form an even surface. Before sowing the
seeds, sprinkle some — finely-sifted, sharp
brown sand over the soil for the seeds to
rest on; this favours a quick germination
and is a remedy against damping. Lightly
cover the seeds with the compost; place the
boxes on a stage or shelf and gently water
the soil by using a fine rose-watering can
Place à square of glass over. each box, as
this retains the moisture. increases the heat,
and favours rapid germination, but immedi-
ately the seedlings show above the soil the
glass should be removed or the plants. will
become spindly. 10 a temperature of 65^
the seeds will germinate in about a fort-
night's time. Grow the plants as near to
the roof-glass as possible to ensure. sturdy
growth. Do not water the seedlings until
they are thoroughly dry and then give
thern a good soaking: small quantities of
water only favour damping of the seedlings
just above the soil.

By the middle of February or early in
Mareh the plants should be ready for
pricking out into frames at a distance of about
Inches

three either way, according to the
frame room at disposal. |. have already
stated that Antirrhintuns will grow in any
zood garden soil, but nevertheless, if the
soil in the frame is enriched with good, well-
rotted manure the plants will ከር greatly
benefited. and give large, handsome flowers.

| occasionally grow the dwarf varieties in
dry places in the roek garden and they
hold their own with the other subjects

usually planted. in. that particular. garden.
The soil I use for the planting. in frames

is old compost in which Melons and Cucumbers

have been grown, or old Chrysanthemum

soil which has been turned out of the pots
after the plants have finished blooming,
mixed with manure from a spent Mushroom
bed. 1 do not add any light material such
as sand, leat-mould or wood-ash.

The Antirrhinum is a strony-rooting plant
and will soon become established in heavy
solls. Give the plants plenty of air, but
guard against cold, cutting winds which we

Mareh. 181 the
provide COVEI

frequent lv
event of a

experience in

severe frost,

THE

material. but do not coddle the plants at any
time. By the beginning of April the lights may
be dispensed with, for a few degrees of frost.
does no harm, provided the foliage is dry.
Some growers pinch the tops out of the leading
shoots whilst the plants are in the frame.
1. recommend this practise for pot culture,
as it tends to make the plants bushy, but
for plants growing in the open border |
hesitate to recommend this treatment and
I have never practised it, as it delays the

tune of blooming by a week or ten days.
[ certainly advocate the removal of the
main shoot before any seed pods have

formed. and that usually happens before all
the flowers at the top of the shoot have
fully expanded.

By the first or second week in May the

weather should be suitable for planting
Antirrhinums in their permanent quarters.
Allow a distance of twelve inches to fifteen
Inches between the plants: if thev have

been well grown and received no check,
they will soon fill this space.

Give the plants a good soaking with water
the night before planting them to allow the
folage time to dry. The plants should lift
readily with large balls of soil, especially
1. heavy soil has been used; plant firmly
and not too deeply, just covering the roots
with an incl or so of soil.

If space will allow, plant in masses of. one
colour, as in this way Antirrhinums arë
much more effective than if dotted here
and there throughout the garden.

Antirrhinums fortunately are not
to green fly, red spider, or the usual
pests of gardens.

| specially recommend the following varieties ;
tall section : Coral Red. Orange King. Cloth
of Gold, Fire King, and Deep Crimson: inter-
mediate section: Rich Apricot, Buff Beauty,
Canary Yellow, Bright. Pink. Orange King and
Fire King; dwarf varieties: Delicate Pink,
Pale Apricot. Yellow Prince, and Crimson King.
J. A. Kirkwood, Sutton Place Gardens,
Guildford.

subject
insect

TRANBY CROFT.

THE fine mansion at Tranby Croft, erected

about fifty vears since by the late Mr.
Arthur Wilson, 14 situated five miles west
of the town of Hull. 11 is seventy feet

above sea level and the surrounding country
is flat, but the ground rises. gradually on
the north-east side and the river Humber
is only a short distance away.

A good selection of evergreen and deciduous

trees and shrubs was planted when the
house was built, and the carriage drive,
which is about a mile in length, is laid
out in a series of graceful curves. bounded
on both sides by plantations of Cupressus.

Thuja, Libocedrus, Pinus and Abies in
variety, with a few deciduous trees inter-
mixed, and some Retinosporas, Portugal
Laurels, and other dwarf-growing evergreens
in front. Together, these form a remarkably
fine collection whieh has suffered a little
from overcrowding in certain places, owing

to the lack of thinning about
since.

These plantations

thirty years
and others on various
parts of the estate sereen other subjecta
fron the wintry winds and enable a fine
selection of tender shrubs to. be grown
which would otherwise fail to survive; the
collection includes Stuartia Pseudo-caimnellia,
Ginkgo biloba, Sciadopitys verticillata, Azara

microphylla, Oxydendrum — arboreum, Ntran-
vaesia oo glaucescens, Plagianthus betulinus,
Desfontainea spinosa: Andromeda japonica,

A. floribunda, Dimorphanthus mandsehuricus,
Rhus Cotinus, R. tvphina, Muonymus
alatus, Cercidiphyllum japoniaun, Enkianthus
aad n good!y collection of the newer forms
ob. Berberis aneluding 13. dictophxlla. B.
Stapliana, 13. subeaulialata, B. Gagnepainii
aud others. Particularly worthy of mention

GARDENERS CHRONICLE. 1

are two plante of Garrya eliptica which ate
upwards of twelve feet in height. -

The mansion is partly covered by Ampel-
opsis Veitchii and other oreépers; a- broad
terrace runs along the south side, on which
some very fine specimens of Hydrangeas
are grown in tubs; these have flowers of a
blue colour which contrast well in the
autumn with the crimson creeper on the
surrounding walls. P i

Near the house are some oblong beds
devoted to summer. flowers. . When I saw
them, early in ` September, Calceolaria
amplexicaulis was especially: fine. Other
beds contained — Heliotropes, tuberous Be-

gonias, and variegated Phlox decussata which
is grown for its foliage alone, to give

more effect to. the Begonius.

Lawns extend on all sides of the house
and on these there are. some fine specimen
Conifers and various deciduous trees. Paths
lead 11. various direetions to secluded
gardens, one of which is devoted te Roses,

another to mauve and | blue. flowers: one
contained about twelve vàrieties. 0 Phloxes,
which were in full flower and scented the
air for a great distance. Trellis work
screens: around this gardon are covered
with Rambler Roses, which give a display
earlier in the season.

A paved walk, twelve feet wide, leads
from the Phlox garden towards the house.

This has a narrow verge of grass on either
side and borders of flowers also: these are
186 feet long and 13 feet wide, thus
giving plenty of space for plants of varying
heights to develop and display themselves
to advantage. On the north side, the wall
of the kitehen garden gives protection from
cold, cutting winds. The plants used for
these borders consists chiefly of annuals
whieh are raised from seeds sown where
they are to flower. Three periods are
chosen for sowing, commencing early in
May, iu order to get all the plants to
flower at the end of August and during
September, this being the period when
Mrs. Wilson and family are at Tranby. Not-
withstanding the dull, rainy summer of 1924,

it was surprising to see such a wealth of
colour which continued day after day in
rain or sunshine.

The colours are arranged in irregular
masses which shade off into each other.
Nome of the principal plants used were as
follow: Blue and mauve shades; — Aster

sinensis, single; Salvia patens, Salvia Hormi-
num, Ageratum mexicanum, Lupins, annual
varieties; Stocks, — Scabious, Nemesia Blue
Gem, Pentstemons Mauve Queen and Royal
Scot, Gladiolus Baron Hulot and Lobelia
cardinalis Purple King. White: Pentstemons,
Nicotiana, Aster sinensis, single, and Clarkia
and Candytuft. Red: Alonsoa, Pent-
stemons George Home and Crimson Giant,
Zinnias, Antirrhinums and Lobelia cardinalis
Queen Victoria, Pink: Antirrhinums Carmine
Pink and Fascination, Gladiolus America,
Aster sinensis, single; Acroclinum roseum,
Pentstemon Lincoln. Pink, Gladiolus Halley,
Godetia, single: Dahlia Crawley Star, Phlox
Drummondii, Clarkia, Lobelia — cardinalis
Carmine Queen, Zinnias, and Petunia Rosy
Morn. — Yellow: Caleeolaria amplexicaulis.
Antirrhinums, Chrysanthemum, annual yellow :
African Marigolds, Coreopsis Drummondi,

Kschscholzia californica and Helianthus decape-
talus.

The flowering period. of these border
plants is lengthened | considerably by the
removal of seed vessels in a young state,
and in connection with this display it is
interesting. to. note that Mr. Tom Neale who

attends 10 it so. well has worked in the
gardens upwards of fifty years.

Ornamental gates lead to. the kitchen
garden and plant houses and the flower
borders are continued here on a similar

plan to that already described.
Tranby Gardens are noted for the excellent

fruit produced: there, both outside and under
glass, and many prizes have been won by
them during recent years, both at local

r?

shows and at the Royal Horticultural
Society's) Exhibitions. I saw many very fine
bunches of Grapes in the vineries, especially
of Muscat of Alexandria, Madresfield Court,
and Black Hamburgh. Peaches and Necta-
rines were almost over, but the trees were
well furnished with healthy foliage and wood
for next year’s crop. Figs were ripening
their second crop of fruits, Brown Turkey

being the favourite variety. Pears outside
were heavily cropped, some of the best
varieties being Doyenné du Comice. Marie

Louise, Fondante d’Automne, Seckle, Thomp-
son's, Buerré Hardy, Williams’ bon Chretien
and Louise Bonne of Jersey. Apples were

carrying heavy crops, especially the bush
trees in the kitchen garden, and some of
the best were Warners King, Bismarck,

tascovne's Scarlet, Potts's Seedling, Bramley’s
Seedling, Ecklinville Seedling. Monarch, Peas-
good’s Nonesuch, Dewdney' 8 Seedling, Worcester
Pearmain, Coxs Orange Pippin, Ribston
Pippin, Loddington, and Newton Wonder.

A warm corner in the garden contained a

good batch of the Japanese — Wineberry
(Rubus phoenicolasius), the fruits of which
make an attractive dish for the dessert.
table. The Loganberry and Rubus laciniatus

are trained on stakes and wires and both carried
heavy crops of fruits.. Before. leaving the
kitchen garden, which contained an excellent
supply of the usual kinds of vegetables, [
noticed a splendid bed of Dixon's Champion
Globe Onions which were ripening off well,
and many of the bulbs would be nearly
three pounds in weight cach.

In the plant houses was a choice collection
of the new varieties of winter-flowering Begonias,
the plants being about to flower. The varieties
included Optima, Beacon, Exquisite, Finita,
Eclipse. Emily Clibran, Clibran’s Crimson, and

Pink Perfection; they were all in robust
health and a striking. tribute to. tbe skill of
Mr. W. Earl. the head. gardener, who has
managed the whole of the gardens most
successfully, and jis now taking charge at
Knowsley.

Belladonna — Lilies Were Commencing 10

flower in a border on the south. side of one
of the forcing houses. Winter-flowering Car-
nations occupied several houses and were
flowering well, and some good plants of
Poinsettia were in another division, but one
of the most useful flowering plants for
winter in these times i$. undoubtedly the
Chrysanthemum, as if may be grown at such
à small expense in regard to fuel. gives a

great variety both of form and colour, and
flowers over a long season. The — collec-

tion at Tranby Croft is a representative one,
and the plants showed ample evidence of
high cultivation. W. H. D.

AMERICAN NOTES.

STANDARDIZED PLANT NAMEs.

] HAVE read over again the amusing con-
ments on Standardized Plant Names by one
of your correspondents, on page 138 of yout
issue for March 8, 1924. We Americans are
an ignorant and humourless people. We
know this because we have been told so
from the British Isles for three hundred
veara, We believe it. we admit it, we regret
it: vet. there. are some things to which we
are inclined. to hold. fast. For example,
when the American pioneers à century ago
penetrated the wilderness to the Oregon
region they found a native fruit that grew
in bunches and had the blue colour, taste,
and edible qualities of a wild Grape. Being
hungry they ate it and they called it. tho
Oregon = Grape. When . Oregon became
sufficiently civilized 10 require a State flower,
she adopted this wild plant in appreciation
of the beauty of its Holly-like foliage. and
in commemoration of the days of tribulation

in the wilderness. There is a group of these
species, West American and Bast Asiatic,
which have acquired a place of honour in

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

British and American gardens. They are not
Grapes; they are not Barberries in the
ordinary sense of that word. Botanists dis-
agree whether their Latin name shall be
Berberis, Odostemon, or Mahonia. The com-
ilors of Standardized Plant Names adopted
for this beautiful group of shrubs the
common name Hollygrape because it com-
bined with usage a little history and a Tittle
sentiment. Will not our British cousins
accept from us this American common name
of a group of plants somewhat intertwined
in American history *

Your unnamed correspondent is in error
regarding the name Wisteria. Many American
botanists use the Latin name Kraunhia in
place of Wisteria because Kraunhia was
published ten years earlier, but Standarized
Plant Names adopted Wisteria as both the
Latin name and the common name of this
genus, because the name Wisteria is thoroughly
established in horticultural usage.

Standardized Plant Names contains about
10.000 entries. In. choosing the names of
hortieultural varieties, the compilers were
guided by considerations of usage, priority,
suitability, brevity, and accuracy. [In some
cases they gave new English names to horti-

cultural varieties bearing complicated Latin
names. For example, one of the many
varieties. of Boston Fern previously called

Nephrolepis exaltata bostoniensis elegantissima
compacta cristata was re-christened ^* Cockatoo,”
to the great relief and joy of admirers of
the Boston Ferns. ln. The Gardeners’ Chronicle
for July 30, 1921, page 64. is an illustration
of a beautiful new hardy Fern. which had
received the Royal. Horticultural Society s
Award of Merit. The name given under the
the

figure — of new Fern was Polystichum
angulare — divisilobum plumosum densum
erectum! As a member of the nation that

Is sometimes accused of attempting to make
culture. hum, I submit that British ingenuity
ought to be able to devise a better name
than this, something standardized. If there
is not leisure for the invention of an English
name that is dignified and elegant, may we
not hope for something that at least is short
and snappy ?

[We have retained our contributor’s spelling of
Wisteria. According to Bailey. in his Standard
Cyclopedia of Horticulture, this popular climber is
“named for Casper Wistar, 1761-1818, Professor
of Anatomy in the University of Pennsylvania,
but spelled Wisteria by Nuttall, author of the
genus. the spelling Wistaria being a later adapt-
ation.” Wistaria is the name usually adopted in
this country and is the form maintained in the
Index Kewensis,—Eps.|

CLETHRA ALNIFOLIA.

IN The Gardeners’
27, 1924, page 211, is a note by J. F.
calling attention to the attractiveness of
Clethra alnifolia as a cultivated shrub because

Chronicle of September

of its white flowers, with a fragrance
resembling that of wild honey. which come
in. summer when the majority of shrubs
have given up flowering. This plant is
abundant in moist, sandy, peaty. acid soils
along the Atlantic coastal plain from New
England to Florida. ln the savannahs of

the pine. barrens of New Jersey it fills the

air with fragrance. during the month of
August. [n cultivation it prefers a strong
acid mixture of peat and sand such ns is

best for Rhododendrons, Azaleas, Blueberries.
and other acid -soil plants. Occasionally a
pink flowered individual occurs. in the wild.
Such plants are very attractive in cultivation.
The common name Sweet Pepperbush, to
which J. PF. refers as presumably American,
is sometimes found in books but when the
compilers of SNtandardizel Plant Names
endeavoured to find the origin of the name
and what rational application it could have
to this shrub. they were unable to get ክ
satisfactory answer to either question. They
therefore adopted the mame Suminersweet,
which is very happily expressive of the
principal characteristics of this beautiful shrub.
Frederick Coville, Dota nist, Washington, D.C,

JANUARY 3. 1995.

VEGETABLE GARDEN.

BRUSSELS SPROUTS AS A MARKET
CROP.
THE staple winter crop amoug market

growers around Manchester. especially on the

Cheshire side. is Brussels Sprouts: so much
as half and very rarely less than one-third
of their holding is devoted to this impor-
tant crop, which is often the only source
of income during what is as a rule the
slackest period of the year.

The strain is purely local, and every

grower firmly believes that he is in possession
of the best available variety. The purity of
the strain may ከር attributed 10 the great
care taken by the growers in the selection
of the perfect — seed-bearers from among
thousands of plants.

The average type is of medium
the stem is very thick; the leaves, nearly
cordate, onu long petioles, are of a light
shade of green, with very pronounced
nervures ot a creamy white hue. The
growth is compact, and ህር sprouts of
medium size, closely packed together. and
the head is very firm and resembles a small
St. John Savoy.

Up to the last few years seeds were sown
early in March in the final quarters allotted to
this crop, but the late frosts proved to be

height :

so prejudicial to the seedlings that this
method had to be abandoned.

The seeds are now sown thinly in cold
frames, the first. lot in the middle of
February and the second. batch early in
March. Nome growers, whose holding is on

heavy soil, sow the seeds on hot beds, as
they require strong plants at setting time.
but the majority prefer plants reared in

cold frames.

The seedlinga are grown sturdily: ventila-

tion is afforded whenever possible, and on
bright days the lights aro removed
altogether: they are never transplanted in
nursery quarters, as the Brussels Nprout is
considered and grown as a main erop and
is planted out at the earliest. possible date.
The final quarters allotted to the erop are
heavily inauured, and so much as forty
tons of manure to the acre is not con-

sidered excessive, though half that

is ample.

quantity
Sewage manure is frequently used as
it ean ከቦ obtained cheaply from the
Manchester and Stockport. Corporations. This
is applied directly to the land, or mixed
with the ordinary manure on the middens.
A dressing of ground lime at the rate of
five ewts. to the acre is also given before
the land is ploughed or dug.

The plants are placed two feet apart each
way. and planted from the middle of April
to the middle of May. but never later. ‘Phe
planting is done at fortnightly intervals by
taking always the strongest plants from the
bed. The make

nursery Crop seems to Verv
little headway until the end of June. but
after that period the growth is vigorous.
and towards mid-July the ground is hoed
carefully, the weeds are removed with the
fork, and a dressing of chemical manure
with a good pereentaye of nitrate of soda

is apphed around each plant, after whieh
the Sprouts are ridged up by means of
the Planet Junior hoe, which is an excellent
implement for this purpose.

After this operation the erop soon covers
the whole of the ground and the sprouts
begin to show in the axil of cach leaf from

top to bottom of the stem.
Although Brussels Sprouts are marketed

so early as August, it is only in September
that picking is begun in earnest. and it is
carried cout) methodically. The bateh is
divided into four beds. cach lot representing
the supply for one week, and it is remark-
able to notice how the sprouts have de

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14

POTATO LEAF-ROLL.

THe so-called degeneration diseases affecting
the Potato, such as Leaf.roll Mosaic,
Crinkle, etc., are attracting a great deal of
attention in these days, and the first named
forms the subject of a paper written by
Dr. G. H. Pethybridge, in the Journal of
the Ministry of Agriculture, Vol. XXXI, No.
9. This disease is of interest to growers, as
the several obscure troubles noted above are
giving rise to much concern.

Leaf-roll apparently exists wherever Potatos
are grown, and in this country it is in the
southern and drier parts that the disease is
particularly severe, especially when locally-
grown seed sets are saved for planting.
Scotland — where, as is well-known, seed
tubers are grown for the English market
—unfortunately is not free from attack
and consequently as the disease is dissemin-
ated by affected tubers the writer considers
it may prove a serious handicap to the
successful production of Potatos, especially
those destined for seed purposes. W'hile no
variety can claim immunity, there is
evidence that certain varieties are more
subject to the trouble than others. Of early
varieties for instance, Midlothian — Early
(Duke of York) and May Queen are highly

susceptible, while British Queen (second
early) and Up-to-date and King Edward
(maincrops) are likewise liable to severe

attack. Varieties showing marked resistance
are Epicure. Witch Hill, Eclipse, and Ninety-
fold (earlies), and of later varieties, Arran
Chief, The Ally, Templar, and Great Scot
are seldom seriously affected.

In 1921 the Ministry of Agriculture
menced a series of experiments which
been in progress for three successive years,
and tubers from healthy crops have been
grown side by side with affected tubers in
the different localities, the cultural conditions
being identical. The diminution in yield on
the affected plots the first vear varied from

com-
have

twenty-one to forty-five per cent. and
during the two following years, 1922 and

1923, the average losses were forty-five and
fifty-two per cent. respectively. Where
partly healthy and partly diseased seed sets
are employed the immediate losses may not
be so high, but as an affected crop gives
a higher percentage of seed-size tubers, it
will be readily seen that the effects of the
disease are cumulative and the ultimate
losses are bound to be very great.

As the name of the
affected plants bear leaves. especially the
lower ones. which rol upwards and inwards
from the margins of their leaflets. and the
trouble may spread to the upper and younger

disease — indicates,

leaves as the plant develops, so that the
entire foliage may have a "rolled" appear.
ance. When, however. one or more other

allied diseases are present, it is most difficult
to give a correct diagnosis: Dr. Pethybridge
points out that additional symptoms are
that the leaflets are frequently thicker,
crisper, and drier than in normal plants,
and the mid-ribs of the leaves frequently
point upwards in a somewhat acute angle,
giving the whole plant a stiff, V-like appear-
ance. The affected plant. thus hampered in
its manufacture of food, gives risc to tubers
small in size and few in quantity. and there
is as yet no known method of distinguishing
in the dormant stage a healthy tuber from

a diseased one. That the disease is trans-
missible and can be easily conveyed from
diseased to healthy plants by means of

sucking insects, such as aphides, came to be
regarded as a recognised fact. and while, of
course, much good would accrue from keeping
aphides in check, especially when the seed
sets are being sprouted, the author suggests
that the systematic rogueing and early lifting
of the crop are the most important factors
which are likely to contribute to success in
obtaining “ leaf-roll free” seed sets.

A word of warning, too, is given to

THE GARDENERS

southern growers who are inclined to use
own-saved seed sets the first year from
Scotland, for it does not necessarily mean

that a vigorous crop will give healthy seed
tubers for use the next year, especially
when the risk of transmission from diseased
plants in the neighbourhood is very great.

In such cases it is far more economical to
comrhence each season afresh with healthy
stock grown in the north and obtained

from a reliable source.

ALUM AS A SLUG AND SNAIL
DESTROYER.

Ir does not seem to be generally known
that ordinary alum is one of the most
effective destrovers of slugs and snails, as

well as one of the easiest materials to use
for the purpose. Such materials as salt and
soot, which are so often employed. are not

reliable, as the animals can slough them off
twice, or even thrice, before their des-
truction is brought about. Not so, however,

with alum, for a few crystals of the
powdered material sprinkled over the back
of one of the largest snails will bring its
death about in a very short time. They
cannot slough it off, and once they come
into contact with it they are doomed. 1t
is only effective, of course. in the fresh
state, and the sprinklings require to be

renewed occasionally.
Out-of-doors powdered alum is very
effective for the protection of young Lettuce

or other tender subjects which. form such
tempting morsels to these vermin, and so
far as | have been able to ascertain there

is nothing among either flowers or vegetables
which it seems to harm. I have repeatedly
sprinkled the dry powder over tender foliage
both when st was wet and when dry, and
not the slightest harm resulted. from it.

For stages. frames, and in faet all closed
structures in which plants are grown it 13
invaluable for the purpose, as it ean be very

easily used. For the destruction. of the
pests in. rubbish heaps and other of their
hibernating quarters the best. plan is to

dissolve a good-sized lump of the unpowdered
material in boiling. water, and pour it over
the rubbish or other material as hot as
possible. This is much more effective than
a cold solution, as the steam enters al the
interstices of the material and every egg
which it comes in contact with is destroyed.
A. D. Richardson, Edinburgh.

PUBLIC PARKS AND GARDENS.

THE Corporation of Bournemouth has
decided to apply to the Ministry of Health
for sanction to borrow £700 for the purchase
of land at the entrance of Alum Chine for
publie parks and pleasure grounds.

—

THE Town Council of Bridlington is to
provide increased facilities for bowls and
tennis at the Convent Field. the Avenue
Recreation Ground, and the Bridlington
Recreation Ground at a total estimate of
t730.

THE Corporation of Blackpool has received
sanction. for the following loans:--Claremont

Recreation Ground, £5,134: Public Park,
construction of Jake. golf course. ete..
£95,000: and tennis courts, ltalian gardens.
ete., £35.000.

TRE Corporation of Dewsbury
lay out Carr House Recreation
an estimated eost of £1,000,

prop mes to
Ground at

CHRONICLE.

JANUARY 3, 1920.

THE Urban District Council of Hoole has
resolved to apply to the Ministry of Health
for sanction to borrow £1.250 for the con-

struction of tennis courts in Westminster
Park.
THe Éondon County Council is recom-

mended by the Parks Committee to approve
an expenditure of £5,000 for the laying out
and maintenance of the open space at Ken

Wood, N.W.

A LoAN of £1,000 has been sanctioned by
the Ministry of Heath to the Knaresborough

Town Council for improvements ,in the
Castle grounds.
Ir has been agreed by the Lowestoft

Town Council to purchase about forty-three
acres of the Norminton Hall estate, includ-
ing the hall, for a public recreation ground.
The road-making. fencing and incidentals in
connection with the scheme are estimated
to cost £1,000.

IT has been decided by the Town Council
of Montrose to lay down six lawn tennis
courts on the vacant ground in Dorwood
Place, ut a cost of £2,330.

THE Newport (Mon.) Corporation proposes
to purchase about sixteen acres of land
adjoining Coronation Park. for a public
recreation ground at a cost of £4,494.

THe Urban District. Council of
and Purley has approached. the
Health for sanction to borrow £5,800 for
the purchase. of land in High Drive for a
recreation. ground, and £1.150 for the
purchase of land for the extension of the
Council's Memorial ground.

Coulsdon
Ministry of

— —

The authorities at Hfracombe have decided
to lay out land near the Parish Church as
pleasure grounds.

1፲ has been decided by the Town Couneil
of Newcastle to expend £13,183. on work in
the parks, including the conversion of
twenty-five grass tennis courts into hard
Courts.

HOME CORRESPONDENCE.

hold themselres responsible for
Correspondents, |

[The Editors do not
the opinions erpressed by

Young Gardeners of To-day. —1n reply to Mr.
Clarence Smith (p. 413, vol. LN XVI.) on the
observation that young gardeners should serve
part of their time in each department of the
garden. I ask whether he or any other
gardener is prepared to take an outside
journeyman into his fruit or plant-houses, or
without he

even into. the kitchen garden.

has experience of either. Even wore it
possible to adopt such a plan it would
take up much of the head gardeners and

foreman's time 10 see that the work was
being properly done. {t would increase. the

anxiety of those responsible. in-as- much as a
with

vinery may be ruined for a year
half-an-hour of inexperience in such details
as ventilation. watering, ete. The same is

true of the plant-houses. Is it not easier
tor the head to devote an hour in the
evening to the instruction of young gardeners
who seek knowledge? J will not use Mr.
Smith's word * prowl. as that word, to
me. is not applicable to young gardeners.
There is no reason for any young gardener
t0 make a burden of his studies: he can
always take a little leisure time if he wishes.
Those who adopt the suggestion in my last
letter will find it. quite a pleasant change

JANUARY 3, 1925.

— — — ——— ————————————— — —— — — — — — ኣው ባው ው

from their indoor studies;
more observant, and will understand that
nature takes a very great part in the
production of hardy fruits, vegetables, and

they will become

flowers. In my early days of gardening I
found time during my leisure to study
botany, forestry, bees, birds, and animal
life. .4. G.

Onion Ailsa Craig.—Pomona, on p. 412, vol:
LXXVI., is very happy in calling Ailsa Craig
Cranston's Excelsior's second name, but to think
of Onions growing on Ailsa Craig, as he
suggests! This rocky island is 1,114 feet in
altitude, with a lighthouse, two fog sirens,
and innumerable solon geese! Mr. David
Murray, the reputed raiser of Ailsa Craig
Onion. grew his Onions at Culzean Castle,
where he was head gardener to the Marquess

of Ailsa. Culzean Castle is beautifully
situated on the mainland of Ayrshire.
Murray was a noted gardener, and many
good stories are told of his exploits at
Shrewsbury and elsewhere with his famous
Onions. W. Cuthbertson.

—-Your correspondent | Pomona s story regard-
ing the origin of Onion Ailsa Craig (p. 112)
seems to be lacking in authenticity. and I
venture to remind him that Ailsa Craig is
to all intents and = purposes a barren rock
frequented by innumerable sea birds, and
otherwise inhabited only by the lighthouse
keeper and the workmen employed at
the quarry. It had no more connection
with the Onion of that name than ከ841
Mr. Baleh’s Tomato Ailsa Craig. Many
vears ago the late Mr. Murray, gardener to
the Marquess of Ailsa, told me that he had

raised the Onion Ailsa Craig in the gardens
of Culzean Castle, and on subsequent visits
I saw him preparing the seed before
dispatching it to a firm of wholesale seed
merchants in London. Ailsa Craig is
situated some nine or ten miles off the
Ayrshire coast, and in the summer months

it attracts many visitors, who
by steamer from Girvan. 11
that Tomato Aila Craig was produced. and
the home of the Onion Ailsa Craig is in
the neighbouring parish, a few miles further
north. J. Y.

Cranston’s Excelsior and Lisbon
Permit me to thank your correspondent.
Pomona for his kindly reference to my
statements respecting the origin of Cranston's
Excelsior Onion: the additional facts are
confirmatory and very interesting. Mr.
Cranston gave me the information in 1886,
when I called upon him as a representative

are conveyed
was at Girvan

Onions. -

of the Waite, Nash, and Huggins Company.
- Mr. Wilson confirmed the statement many
years later. With regard to the sending
of Excelsior to Scotland, the information
given -by me was obtained direct from Mr.
C. M. Jackman, who bought the business

established by Deverill and possessed all the
papers relating to the deal. Further, replying
to the friendly letter of Mr. Scarlett, in
The Gardeners’ Chronicle for December 6--
the quantity of Lisbon Onion mentioned by
me was that used by market gardeners who
supply to the high-class restaurants the
slender young plants about as big as pipe
stems, which are used in salads, for which
purpose the White Lisbon is the best variety.
The so-called Egyptian Onions, which come
from Levantine ports. may be grown from

a large variety of Alium ascalonicum, a
native of Palestine, and offered by some
German — seedsmen. The Onions | have
seen growing in Egypt were more like the

Prizetaker variety. NS. B. Dicks.

The late Mr. R. Irwin Lynch. -Others are
better fitted than myself to pay homage to
the esteemed memory of one whose name will
be associated for ever with Cambridge Botanic
Garden, but as one of the many student gardeners
who worked at Cambridge during Mr. Lynch’s
period of control, I should like to add my
tribute of gratitude to his unfailing kindliness
and interest in. all that appertained to the

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

welfare of those who served under him. I
remember applying for entrance to Cambridge
at a time when vacancies were not frequent,
and when finally I received notice that I
could commence duty I was in employment
elsewhere and unable to leave at short
notice. I wrote to explain my position, and
received a reply to the effect that if 1 was
anxious to study at Cambridge Mr. Lynch
was quite wiling to keep the appointment
open for any reasonable length of time. I
recall a time when one of the garden staff

was sick and the kindly inquiries and
comforts that came from the Curator.
Students received every possible assistance

and encouragement, and the Mutual Improve-
ment Society enjoyed his warm support.
Studiously courteous to even the youngest
employee, Mr. Lynch was a firm disciplinarian,
and 1 remember two occasions when sins of
omission and commission took me to “ the
office." A humorous aspect of those inter-
views helps to brighten that memory. On
the first occasion I commenced to excuse
myself by ** I thought ." * You shouldn't
merely think,” was the reply, “ you
ought to know." On the second occasion,
seeking to profit somewhat by past experi-
ence, I led off with, “ Well, Sir, I didn't
think -- “ Thats just the fault," said
my chief: ©“ you should think." Cambridge
Botanic Garden has sometimes been described
as “ Kew in a nutshell.” That it justly
deserves the description. is due in very
great measure to Mr. Lynchs work. A
worthy son of Kew himself, he had the
pleasure of seeing many young men who
had served under him proceed to Kew,
including his own son. His personal character,
zeal for study. and willingness to impart
his extensive. knowledge to those who desired

assistance, must have endeared him to all
who were fortunate enough to know him.
The example of such lives is a perpetual

inspiration to younger men. B. M., Ypres.

Big Bud Mite attacking Hazels.—-In answer
to Mr. W. E. Harper’s note (p. 393) on
this subject, I well recall being told, some

twenty-five years ago, that the big bud mite

had been detected in swollen buds of the
Hazel. and that experiments had been
conducted to see if cross-infection from the
Hazel to the Black Currant could ከር
successfully accomplished. I do not know
the results of these experiments, but from
observations [I have made. I believe that
the Black Currant may become directly
infected from affected Hazels. Unit.

.----1 was interested in Mr. Harper's note on
page 393 regarding the big bud mite attacking
Hazels. During the past two years 1 have been
troubled with big bud among certain of my
Black, Currant bushes, but by adoptin
hand picking after the leaves have fallen
have been able to prevent the spread of
this disease. The infestation had only
appeared upon bushes which are growing
within a few feet of a Hazel bush, and 1
noticed that the young growth around the
base of this Hazel bush was also possessed
of enlarged buds. Some of these buds
were examined under a microscope and
found to be full of mites indistinguishable
from those found in the enlarged buds of
the Black Currant. It would be interesting
to know if these mites have been found in
buds of trees other than the Hazel. I
should be pleased to forward infected
specimens of the Hazel and Black Currant
to any one who would care to have them
for examination. A. S. Waller, East Lane,
Dedham.

Orange Peel as a trap for Slugs.—] was
very interested in your reply to a querist
regarding the control of slugs in the garden.
(p. 398, Vol. LXXVI), and I may state that I
have found pieces of Orange peel placed about
the ground a very simple and effectual means
of trapping the pest. James Humphrey.
[ይ ጦጣ” Hill Gardens, Betchiorth.

15

SOCIETIES.

MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND
ORCHID.

FRIDAY, DECEMBER 19, 1924.-—Committee pre-

sent: The Rev. J. Crombleholme (in the chair),

Messrs. A. Burns, A. Coningsby, J. Cypher,

J. Evans, W. Giles, E. W. Thompson, and
H. Arthur (Secretary).
FIRST-CLASS CERTIFICATES.

Odontoglossum Titan (amabile x l’Empereur).
—A fine flower, the sepals being blotched
and evenly marked with rich brown, and
the petals with markings of madder brown;
the lip is large and flat. Odontoglossum
Gorizia var. Princess Mary, the best of the
type vet seen. From A. Hanmer, Esq.
Cypripedium Thomer (Lord Wolmer x Thora).
A large, well-shaped flower, with a round
dorsal sepal that is lightly spotted; the
pouch and petals are a rich shade. From
P. SMrTH, Esq.

MERIT.

AWARDS OF

Cypripedium Sandru — (Bucharilis
tanum x aureum virginale) x
Sander); C. Sandru var. aureum,
(Eva x Golden Morn), and C. Troimer
(Troilus x Lord Wolmer). From P. SwrTH,
Esq. Cypripedium Titania (Charlesworthii x
Mrs. F. Sander). From Mrs. BRUCE and
Miss WRIGLEY.

Odontoglossum Conqueror
HANMER, Esq.

(Buchan-
Mrs. F.
C. Dora

var. From

Ruby.
A.

GROUPS.

Mrs. Bruck and Miss WRIGLEY, Bury (gr.
Mr. A. Burns) staged a group for which a
Silver-gilt Medal was awarded.

A Silver-gilt Medal was
A. HANMER, Esq., Bury
for a group in variety.

Messrs. J. CYPHER AND
were awarded a Silver

of Orchids.

also awarded 10
(gr. Mr. A. Burns)

Sons, Cheltenham,
Medal for a group

ROYAL SCOTTISH ARBORICULTURAL
[ABERDEEN BRANCH.]

THE annual meeting of the branch was
held in the Douglas Hotel, Aberdeen, on
Saturday, December 20. There was a capital
attendance, and at the outset, Sir John
Gladstone, Bt., of Fasque, the president,
occupied the chair. The outstanding feature
of the proceedings was the appointment of
Mr. Charles 8. France, the doyen of northern

foresters, as president of the branch. This
gentleman has done yeoman service for
forestry in the north for many years.

Mr. George D. Massie, the secretary, sub-

mitted the nineteenth annual report, in
which was narrated the activities of a very
successful year, and a statement that the
membership now stood at the satisfactory
figure of 168. There is a total sum of
£31 Os. 9d. standing at the credit of the
branch.

The office bearers for the coming year
were then elected. Mr. Charles 8. France,

Aberdeen. was unanimously appointed presi-
dent, and on taking the chair declared it
was the crowning honour in his life. Sir
John R. Gladstone was appointed hon.
president—a new office. The vice-presidents
were appointed as follow: Mr. John Michie.
M.V.O., Mr. S. J. Gammell of Countesswells,
Captain R. J. Nicol of Ballogie, and Mr.
Donald Munro, O.B.E., Banchory. Lord
Glentanar, who recently joined the branch.
was olected a vice-president in place of
Mr. France. The retiring members of com-
mittee---Lord Forbes, Castle Forbes: Mr.
James Ward, Keith: Mr. Neil McGregor,
Glendve; and Mr. Charles Stewart, Durris—
were re-appointed. On. the re-election of

16 THE GARDENERS’ OHRONIOLE. JANUARY 3. 1925
Mr. Massie as secretary, warin gratitude was TRADE NOTES. at which tune France and Belgium were
expressed to him for the whole-hearted l making a display, and the probability was
manner in which he had performed his that the International Horticultural Conference

duties and the fine work he had done in
furthering the interests of the branch.

Mr. Thomas Tait, paper manufacturer,
Inverurie, wrote drawing attention to the
faet that motors used for agricultural
purposes were charged with a five shillings
tux, while tractors used for forestry purposes
did not receive the same concession. He
mentioned another point which, he thought,

foresters should be made aware of. Natura-
lists, so-called, were hunting ull over the
countryside for the purpose of collecting
eggs. The result was that many valuable

inseetivorous birds were being rapidly exter-
minated by these people taking away theil eggs.
It was agreed that the branch bring before

the parent society the suggestion that it
should be made permissible to use a farm

tractor for forestry purposes without incurring
extra tax. Regarding Mr. Tait’s point abou
the destruction of the eggs of certain birds,
it was agreed to ask the Forestry Corm-
mission, through the parent. society, to draw
up a list of birds that were “the friends of
arboriculturists."
The newly-elected president, Mr. France,
then gave an address on the pro -problems
of timber valuation. It had to be borne in
mind, he said, that all valuations were
more or less an approximation of actual
value; absolute accuracy was an impossi-
bility. In the case of young and immature
plantations, the many circumstances that
might arise during the period ere such a
plantation reached maturity were so proble-
matical that it was absolutely impossible
to arrive at a true estimate. Were. the
value fixed at the price likely to be
received for a young plantation by the
" present realisation," that would be giving
the plantation away for nothing. and the
whole expense of planting. supervision, rent
of land, and accruing interest on invested
capital would be gone, except such paltry
sum as the plantation would realise. With
regard to more saleable plantations, or those
approaching, or those at maturity, to value
these at their worth if at once put on
the market was also fallacious, because it
might be impossible tọ realise them imme-
diately. The cutting of many such planta-
tions might seriously interfere with the
amenity of the property or remove necessary
shelter and thereby diminish the agricultural

or pastoral value of the estate. AIl these
were considerations which must be taken
info account in making a valuation. Mr.

France then proceeded to detail the methods
which he adopted in valuing the woods and

plantations on an estate. for sale, and in
the valuation of standing timber for sale.
In the last-mentioned case he counted and

classified. the trees under four classes. (when
dealing with Coniferous timber. All trees
estimated above twenty cubic feet he called
“sleeper size," from ten to twenty cubic
feet “timbers,” from five to ten cubic feet
"spurs ^; all trees under five cubic feet as
"props. In estimating the volume of
timber he took a series of averages of the
eubie contents of the first three — classes,
while in the case of the ** prop". class he
took the average height. as they were
valued by the linear foot. All that remained

to be done, having arrived at the mean
average of each class, was to multiply 11
by the number of trees of each elass, and

the gross volume of timber was obtained.

A delightful and informative. discussion
followed the Presidents. address, after. which
the large company lunched together under
the chairmanship of Sir John R. Gladstone.

Mr. John Michie, MLV.O., expressed. the
thanks of the branch to Nir John for the
paternal interest. he took in the branch and
all aits affairs, and for the geniality and
enthusiasm he had shown in tbe discharge
of ከጨ office as president. Needless to say
Mr.. Michie’s remarks were heartily homolo-
sated by the meeting.

A MEETING of the Council of the Chamber

of Horticulture was held on December 10,
1924. at 18, Bedford Square, London, Mr.
W. R. Oldham in the chair.

The Secretary's report was read, and the

chief points were as follow :—-
A moeting of the Parliamentary Committee

was held on October 17, 1924, for the
purpose of considering the advisability of
revising the Horticultural Legislative Pro-
gramme and bringing the same to the

notice of eandidates at the General Election,
October 1924. lt was agreed that, in the
interests of the horticultural industry, the Legis-
lative Programme be placed before candidates,
together with a list of arguments supporting
certain items in the programme.

Meetings of the Technical Committee have
been held on September 24, October 22,
and November 19 last.

Mr. A. SN. Galt, of Deeds University, was
unanimously elected Chairman for the ensuing
vear, Mr. R. Seymour Cobley being unanimously
eleeted Vice-Chairman.

At the meeting held on November 19,

whieh was highly representative of scientific
institutions, suggestions were discussed and

resolutions passed as under: -

the number of
problems re-

1. That a large inerease in
questions relating to

ferred to the Technical Committee
as to plant pests and diseases is
desirable. As a matter of co-
operation, the Committee shall then
consult the appropriate centres
thereon.

2. That circular. letters be sent. to the
various horticultural institutions
asking what special branches of
researeh work are being undertaken.

It was generally agreed that if these
resolutions were carried into — effeet the
Committee would be assisting. the work of
research institutions, while, at the same time.
the prestige oof the Technical Cominittee
would be increased.

A meeting of the Finance Committee was
held om September 24 last, when the usual
cash statement was submitted, showing a
balance in the current account. of £256

12s. 3d., and the sum of £300 on deposit.
Visit of F.H.P.I. Delegates. -A meeting of
the Entertainment Committee was held on
September 24, 1924. for the purpose of
receiving my report and financial statement.
After voting the Kast Malling Research
Station the sum of £9 lës. 9d.. being the
cost of the lunch provided by that station
to the delegates on May 29; also the sum

of ፌን for the purpose of presenting a
suitable memento to Mr. G. Arluison. as a
slight reeognition of his valuable work for

the International Federation, the Committee

that the

agreed balance, viz. £23 ds. Sd.,
be Jeft in the hands of the Chamber us a
nucleus for à future similar event.

At. the
attended a
diseuss a

invitation of the
conference. on the
resolution passed

Ministry I
2nd instant to
by the General

Assembly of the National Institute of
Agriculture in May, 1924. The purport of
this resolution was co-ordination of informa-

tion relating to activities of an international
character of the various organisations
eonneeted with agriculture.
The Seeretary subinitted
with reference to the
ments for organising. a British exhibit. at
the International Flower Show, Haarlem.
1925. The Royal. Horticultural Society had
intimated ats willingness to co-operate with
the Chamber in organising a British exhibit,
also to make a definite contribution of a
hundred. guineas towards the expenses. ገዙ
Dutch Show Committee had promised. facilities

correspondence
preliminary arrange-

for transport and staging, but had stated
that there was no. space available in the
Ifall during the week April 24 to May 3,

would also be held between those dates.
The Council agreed, if given adequate
support by the trade, both in sufficient

specimen flowers and contributions to expenses,
that the Chamber shall proceed to organise
a combined British exhibit, conditionally on
space being given at the time when France
and Belgium were showing. ie. April 24 to

May 3, and that these dates shall also be
coincident with the International Conference
of the Fédération Horticole Professionnelle
Internationale.

With regard to the Safeguarding of. Industries
Bil the meeting discussed the question of
horticulture and the proposed new Safeguard-

ing of Industries Bil. 11 was recalled that
the present Safeguarding of [Industries Bill
was drawn up in such a manner that horti-
culture was excluded from making any

application under its provisions. The Chairman

informed the meeting that the Horticultural
Trades? Association had already made a
request that horticulture be not excluded
from the benefits of the proposed Bil. H

was considered desirable. to make representa-
tions to the Ministry of Agriculture and the

Board of Trade in a similar manner.
It was generally agreed that the feeling
as to obtaining legislation for the marking

of foreign produce was still unaltered. and
that producers would be glad to see legisla-
tion for the compulsory marking of imported
produce with the country of. origin,

Obituary.

--- መጨው

James Short. We have to record the death

at Lahill Gardens, Newburn, N.B. of Mr.
James Short, pardencer at Lahill, who died
on December 17 last, aged seventy-one vears
The funeral, which was largely attended,
took place on December 20. at Newburn

Cemetery.

David Melville... We
announce the death. on
Kingsley House, Golspie,

regret to have. to
December 15 last, at
Sutherlandshire. of

Mr. David Melville. who was for many
years gardener at the Dunrobin Castle
gardens of the Duke of Sutherland. Mr.

Melville, who was advanced in years, was a
well-known man in Neottish and other
horticultural circles, and the gardens at
Dunrobin had a well-deserved reputation as being

among the most beautiful and well. kept in
the Kingdom. It may ከር remembered. that
Mr. Melville took a special interest in
Snowdrops, which thrive — admirably at
Dunrobin, and he contributed a paper on
the subject. to the Snowdrop Conference

of the Royal Hortieultural 1891.

Society in

He found Galanthus Melvillei major, one of
finest varieties of (1. nivalis, in the grounds
at Dunrobin. Mer. Melville was ከ capable

all-round gardener, and very highly esteemed
by all who knew him.

QARDENING APPOINTMENTS.

Mr. ፪፪. B. Osborne. for nearly five years Gardener. to
Miss HARTLEY, The Knowle, Morley, and previously
Gardener to LADY FURNESS, Otterington Hall,
Northallerton, as Gardener to N. E... GATES, Esq..
Kirktield, Baildon, (hanks for ds, for ከቪ.(‹..().ት.,
Box.— Eps.)

Mr. Harry Sherriff, or the past eight years Gardener
to MaJon J. H. M. kikKWOoOD, D.S. O. Fairy Cross,
Devon, as Gardener to Con. J. H. PATTISON, D.S.O.,
Stradishall Place, Newmarket, Suffolk. |

Mr. J. L. Eversfield, for the past four years and seven
months Foreman (under class) at. Bodnant Hall, Taly-
Cafn, North Wales. as Gardener to MAJOR H. W.
BUDDICOM, Penbislw Hal, — Nannereh. Flintshire,
North Wales,

Communications Received. |!!. 31.-= ነኣ -- ጎነነ፣- W.—
A uvardener- H. W.E. ነነ. J- H. Cb.,
II. E. L.

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JANUARY 3, 1925

— _—- ——— . —

TANTED, CUCUMBER GROWER;
Charge Hand under Foreman.—R AMSBOTHAM

& CO., Bletchley Junction.
X 7 ANTED. .young man
. Tomatoes, Chrysanthemums,

Bust be well
references,

as GROWER;
bedding plants, ete. ;
recommended.—Apply, with copies of
wages ete. LOCK & SON, Seedsmen,
—

AING. LE M AN Wanted: must. be a good
grower of Bedding stuff and Chrysanthemums ;
nursery.—Apply GRIMES, Nurseries. Hadleigh,

"f.

amall
x.

Ux TRANSIT ር0. CANADA.

Definite situations Ontario Nurseries; — large
families: married couple for boarding house; Gardeners,
Farmhands. Sail March. honses ready. Applications

0) rotation.—UNION TRANSIT CO., Glasgow.
V ANTED, MANAGING CLERK
ACCOUNTANT by old-established. firm of
Nurserymen and Seedsmen in the Midlands; per-
Mianency for a good, reliable man.—Apply in confidence,
stating fully in first letter, particulars of experience,
where gained, salary required, age, if married
single, and when at liberty, to MIDLANDS, Box 13,
3, Tavistock Street. Covent. Garden, London, W.C. 2.
V ANTED, TRAVELLER with connection
for Midlands: Calling on private. gardens and
nurseries; old-established frin: manures and sundries.

MIDLAND, Box Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W W.C.2.

—

and

2. Oh

W ANTED for Seed and
smart COUNTER HAND;
Seed ` age and wages.—Apply

Teneral Trade : :

good knowle dae :
PENNELL AND SONS,

ferchants, Grimsby.
LORIST required for a North London
suburb (end January); state fully experience

i NES expected.—€. P., 37. Wentworth Road,

\ V ANTED, experienced FLORIST; male,

high class trade: full particulars, references, and
Wages expected, to R. D. D.. Box 17, 3, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

W ANTED IMPROVER in Seed and
Floral Busine ANS. — LAN TON BROTHERS, Seed
Merchants, Bedtord.

SITUATIONS WANTED

Twenty words 28., and Gd. for every succeeding
etght words or portton thereof.

(Advertisements at

this special rate are only accepted direct from

gardeners and nursery employees.) Fee for having
replies addressed to thts office, 18.

PRIVATE.

EAD GARDENER.BAILIFF

seeks

re-

engagement: thoroughly experienced in both
departments; control of staff. accounts, ete.: lett
through estate being sold; excellent references. from
late and previous employers. BAT LK, ህላ. Midinoor
Road, Balham, S W.

‘IR JOHN HARRING TON. KCMC.,
ኢ strongly recommends his HEAD GARDENER;
capable, experienced, qualiled man: age 47; married,
no family; estate being sold.—C. RUSE, The Hyde
Gardens, near Luton.

T SOPW ITH, Esq., T his HEAD
e GARDENER to any lady or gentleman requiring
the services of a thorough, practical, reliable, trustworthy,
conscientious, hard worker; good supervisor of men.
—Apply.to LEITH, Horsley Towers, East Horsley,
Leatherhead, Surrey.

ARDENER, HEAD. The Right Honour.

H. STOWE, who held aboye appointment upwards of
I8 years, as highly skilled. in all branches of gardening,
and of high character; leaving through sale of estate.—
Address, Grosvenor Road, Handsworth, Birmingham.

able LORD CALTHORPE confidently recommends. .

(1 ARDENER, HEAD: thorough practical
CX man; 30 years’ experience in all branches, Inside
ahd out; early and late forcing, Grapes, Peachea, Chrys.
Carnations, ete. herbaceous, landscape, alterations : good
manager and organiser : 64 year» present situation;
highest references: married. - HIGGOTT. Rockingham
Castle Gardens, Market Harboro.

ARDE N ER, HEAD W ORKING, desires

re-engazement where several are kept; thorough
practical experience in all branches ; highly recommended;
age 33: married, one child.—GARDENEH, co Mr.
Baker, 7, Cecil Square, King's Street, Maidstone, Kent.

G ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, energetic,

X sound experience, wants change in spring, medium-

sized place; some glass; some help: cottage, fair

M ED address GILLIES, Cheriton, nr. Alresford
ants,

(3 HEAD WORKING; age 45;

practical experience in all branches of gardening:

Inside and Out: highly recommended; married; family
2 boys.—F. E. PH Box 19, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent.
Garden, W.C.2.
(1375 5 HEAD WORKING, seeks
re-engagement: lite experience in all depart-
ments; marketing of surplus produce and the
general management of a good establishment; 7
years Head; age 40; married —R. W. L., Box 7,
3, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

11:5 WORKING GARDENER requires
situation; age 38: married, one boy, age &:
first-class) experience in all branches Inside and Out;
leaving through death; excellent references; at liberty
en Ut MEARS, Yattendon Court Gardens, Newbury,
Jerks.

HE COUNTESS OF STRATHMORE highly
recommends W. DRAGGER as HEAD WORKING
GARDENER; thorough, practical, reliable hard-working
man; 4 years here as Head; leaving own wish; married ;
age 39.—RBRAGGER, 6, Barton's Lane, Market Drayton,

Shropshire.
E AD » WORKING GARDENE R in
Oxfordshire requires situation end of January;
nearer London preferred: no family, age 419; life
experience : - highest references,.—B. B. B., Box 12,
» 7 Tavistock Ntrect, Covent Garden, ላ A ታዬ

H "ap WORKING G: ARDENE R, or

Gardener Bailiff; life experience ; Inside and Out,
including electric lighting ; leaving through lady going
abroad ; Surrey preferred, but not essential; excellent
testimonials. —A. WHITING. The Gardens, Lakenham,
Northam, N. , N. Devon.

MB; R. J. J. THOM PSON, The Chestnut.

Nurseries, Oadby, Leicester, can highly
recommend S. GENT as HEAD WORKING GAR-
DENER. age 33 : life experience ; Inside and Out,
in good establishments ; excellent testimonials from
past employers as to capabilities: disengaged.

M R. F. THORNE wishes to
S. HARLING as

DENER ; life experience :

references ; holder of

suited.—S. HARLING,

Sunningdale,

recommend
HEAD WORKING GAR-
Inside and Out ; excellent
certificates ; married when
Sunningdale Park Gardens,

YARDENER, HEAD WORKING, or dod

SINGLE - HANDED; highly recommended; life
experience: 3 years here: age 33; married, one child ;
።ፇጋ ቱሽ. The Cottage, 69, Stamford Hill,

Y ARDENER, HEAD W ORKING or Špo

SINGLE-HANDED, seeks situation ; life experience ;

excellent references; age "36 ; single.—DA V EY, 4, School
Road, Twyford, Winchester. Hants.

VARDENER, HEAD WORKING or SINGLE-
HANDED desires post : married, one child; age
30: good references.— B. PARKER, Myrtle Cottages,
Codicote, Welwyn, Herts.
ARDENER

G seeks situation, SINGLE-
J HANDED; good vegetable grower: married, no
family; disengaged third week in January; ከ0
circulars. — Address, PARKER. The Garage, 14, Castelnau,
Barnes,

* ARDENER, SING LE . H ANDED;

experience Inside and Out ; last place six years;

good refs.: age 38: married, no family : cottage.—Apply
€. GRESSWELL, 35, Vietoria Street, Melton Mowbray.

life

ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED or

other-
wise: 30, single; experienced; Inside or Out;
excellent character.—G, W. W., Box 11, 5, Tavistock
Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2
ARDENER, SINGLE - HANDED or
otherwise: life experience Inside and Qut: know-
ledge or stock: disengaged when suited: estate sold:
highest referenees north country preferred: age 34:
married, one child ; cottage required. —CUTHBERTSON,

Radyr. Cardiff.

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

Seep — — a

XI.
ARDENER, SINGLE - HANDED or
ጃ SECOND; Inside or Out; good experience and

references ; marri , age
GATE, The Bungalow,
brook, Kent.

ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED or other-

wise; can also look after car; good experience ;

good references : single.— R. R. S, Box 10, 5,
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

28, no family.—F. SOUTH-
Rolvenden Layne, near Cran-

GECOND requires good situation, Inde or
General; thoroughly experienced Vines, Peaches,
General Plants, Herbaceous Borders, etc.; good decorator ;
age 24; married, one child —DAMANT, Lexham Hall,
King's Lynn.

YARDENER, SECOND ;
or HEAD of two;
experience ;

Inside and Out,
married, no family; 11 years’
excellent. references ; home counties pre-

ferred.—A. Z.. Box 13, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.
TNDER - GARDEN ER, with cottage ;
married, 3 children good references; life
experience. —A. DOW DY, ( ‘gurtanhall, Northants.

(1 ARDENER BEEKEEPER requires chan
À all-round experience; at present Single-han 50.
four acres; good refs.; age 29; married.—Write WALTER,
2, | C hampion Crescent, Sy denham, London, S. E. 26.
(^ ARDENER, 26, seeks situation in Kitchen
Garden, or Inside and Out; good experience and
references ; married when suited.—H. BARRATT, The
Hall Gardens, Pinner, Middlesex.
Y ITUATION required about end January
KJ as KITCHEN GARDENER and Hardy Fruit:
able to take Lead; 6. years present situation as above;
ood previous experience ; age 24; married when guited.—
W. MORRIS, Oakly Park Gardens, Bromfield, Ludlow,
Shropshire.

R. GERALD KINGSLEY

-

recommends
SECOND MAN for Kitchen Garden or Inside;

à
life experience; well up in all departments; good
references; age 28; married —KIDMAN, Ashlyns Hall

Gardens, Berkhamstead, Herts.

YNARDENER seeks situation; 6 years

present situation: leaving through death of late

employer; married, age 42, two children ; renee.
from present situation.— Apply G. FAULKNER,

Hill, Shamley Green, Surrey.
MPS GODDARD can most highl re-
commend W. HOLDER as first-class GARDENER,

both Inside and Out, in a large place.—W. HOLDER,
The Lawn Gardens, Swindon, Wilts.

IRST JOURNEYMAN, Inside, or Inside
and Out; age 28; single; good refs.; state wages.—
R. MASKREY, Carsington, Wirksworth, Derbyshire.

OURNEYMAN, Second (20), seeks situa-

e tion (Inside); 7 years’ experience; well recommended ;

Midlands preferred. H. WOOLLEY, Mentmore Gardens,
Leighton Buzzard.

ያ! ARDENER - HANDYMAN. requires. ost ;

married, no family, age 47; disengaged shortly.

Please state wages, with cottage .—Address —
8. Shouldham Street, Edgware Road, W.

YARDENER, LADY,
trained, certificated ;

seeks re-engagement;
ten years’ experience; young

and energetic.—H. E,, Box 16, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C.2.

TRADE.
DVERTISER, with 25

ፈ of Hard-wood Nursery Stock,
ment as MANAGER or
used to complete routine
Nursery Cottage, Crawley.

OCKWORK SPECIALIST and RUSTIC
BUILDER offers services ; trade or private ;
excellent refs. - J. co Board, 1, Mentone’ Road,
Highbury, N.
T? N URSERYMEN ; Wanted by thorough
experienced Gardener ' who is awaiting appoint-
temporary employment in good nursery.—
. E B, Pax 9, 25, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2
T° NUR RSERYMEN. —FE RN
and RAISER; Tomatoes, Cucumbers, Chrysanthe-

Cut Flowers, Bulb Forcing:
experience. - G. BAKER,
John's Road, Hayward's

ears' experience
desires re-engage-

MANAGING-FOREMAN :

nursery -work —STEDMAN,

ment,

GROWER
muins, Bedding Plants,

45; 30 years’
Cottages, St.

WO DUTCHMEN, age 18 and 23 years,

good, experienced Gardeners, require situations
In Nursery about March 1025. Knowledge of the
English language ; no high salary expected ; the
elder is willing to give instruction in Dutch Gardening.—
Write No. 3012 L.D.B., N.V.v/h van Staal & T
Box 1060, Rotterdam, Holland.

—

38. ee THE G ARDENERS CHRONICLE, ie = m —

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ote rip: and take particulars of proposed work.

: OSTER & t EAR SON, LIMIT E! D,
mb. cA und -BEESTON, NOTTS. .

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1925, A ‘record: of 84 years ot sound ——

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The ROBIN HOOD BOILER

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Der Bbaklst d “Malang, the Nae ar ሸው “Greenhouse, . 55. fret on request. ኣዳ

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|

BALES BY Y AUCT ‘on

ጃን eS መመ — M መው ቻን

| Wednesday Next, January 14th.
IMPORTANT TRADE SALE OF
SPRING and AUTUMN -FLOWERING

BULBS,
including
GLADIOLUS, EARLY and LATE- FLOWERING;

DOUBLE and SINGLE -BEGONIAS, GLOXINIAS,
HARDY LILIES in variety, SPIRAEAS, LILY-OF-THE-

VALLEY, HELLEBORUS, ANEMONES, HYACINTHS,
NARCISSUS, etc.,
also

900 CASES OF
JAPANESE LILIES,

including

500 Cases Lilium Auratum,
160 Cases Lilium Speciosum Rubrum,
100 Cases Lilium Speciosum Melpomene and
Magnificum, —
125 Cases Lilium Speciosum Album,
and a few Cases of
Lilium Longiflorum Giganteam and Henryi.
Large quantities of
ROSES and HERBACEOUS PLANTS, FRUIT
TREES, etc.,
together with
Consignments of BAY TREES, PALMS,
AZALEAS, ASPIDISTRAS, RHODODENDRONS,
etc, from Belgium.
MESSRS. PROTHEROE & MORRIS
wili sell as above at their SALE- ROOMS,

67 & 68, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, B.C. 2.

Catalogues post iiree on application.

— — — —— —

‘ TEVENS’S
Sales by Auction . of
BULBS, ROSES,
Ornamental Plants
and Shrubs.
Fvery Mone-y and Wednesday.
In lots to |

suit all buyers.

— ——

Commissions executed.
Catalogues on application.

38. KING STREET,
COVENT GARDEN, LONDON, W.C.?.

BUSINESSES FOR SALE.

UBREY & CO. Nurserymen’s ‘Agents,

96, Newgate Street, London, E.C. 1, offer old-
established and well-known Nursery in W. of England,
comprising 18 acres, good Residence, Cottage, Out-
buildings, and 160 ft. run of glass. Rent töp 10s,
on ሁበ». Price for Stock, ete.. "Completes er.

UBREY & CO. offer Market Garden,
4 near Tiptree, Essex, comprising 6] acres (9 acres
under Strawberries and Black Currants), — Price, Free-
holt, only ሂጋዝህ Cottage near by available,

THE

"ELLISONS, 45,

GARDENERS’

1. ANDSC APE. GARDENERS' BUSINESS :
4 current contracts over £1,000. best work; sood-
will and plant, C600: investigation courted : could
arrange for manager to continue ; fine opportunity
for acquiring concern earning 25 per cent. and over.—
F. BROWN, 470, Kingston Road. Raynes Park.

PARTNERSHIPS, FINANCIAL,
&c.

)ARTNERSHIP agin by

man, 33, with no experience, ín small nursery

or similar employment : Doncaster, Hull, or York

district : cash available, £200-£300 : must ከሁ genuine.—

W. L, Box 21. 3. Tavistock Street. Covent Garden,
NC. 3,

single gentle-

—

Ius required. for Horticulture, Artistic

Gardening. — Need-Growing, ete. Premium — €200.

Well-established business, 20 miles from — London.

Opportunit y for Partnershíp later, or if experienced

would give Partnership now for £1,000. Splendid

ear Well recommended.—BRITISH DEVELOP-
199, Piccadilly, W.I.

NOTICES.

ARDENERS should begin the

New Year well by joining the British
Gardeners’ Assoclation.—Full particulars, stamp, from
JOHN WEATHERS, Park View, Isleworth.
NOOD Firm Br Landscape Gardeners

wanted to co-operate with advertiser at the
forthcoming Daily Mall noe Home Exhibition, on
attractive terms.— Apply, R à H, Box 29, 5, Tavistock
Street, Covent Ga

TENDER.

——

TOTTENHAM DISTRICT COUNCIL.

ORNAMENTAL GARDEN.
HE Council invite tenders for the con-
struction of a Sunken Ornamental Garden. The

site is situated in Seven Sisters Road between Manchester
and Heysham Roads and is approximately 160 ft. by
120 ft.

Particulars and Form of Tender may be obtained from
the Engineer of the Council, Town Hall, Tottenham, N. 15,
on payment of one guinea, which sum will be refunded
upon the receipt of a bona fide Tender, accompanied by
documents, not later than the date prescribed below,
otherwise the deposit. will be forfeited.

Tenders in sealed envelopes, endorsed ‘“‘ Tender for
Ornamental Garden’’ must be delivered to me not later
than 12 noon on Tuesday the 20th day of January, 1925.

The Council do not bind themselves to accept the
lowest or any Tender.
REGINALD €. GRAVES,
Clerk and Solicitor of the Council.
Town Hall,
Tottenham, N.15.
5th January, 1925.

PLANTS, &c. FOR SALE,

Small. Classified - Advertisements. Twenty words
(or three lines including headline) ‹448., and 1 8.
for every succeeding eight words (or line or part
of a line). Fee for having replies addressed to
this office, 18.. Displayed advertisements, 82.
per inch, or 108. facing editorial mater.

NLLISON’S PEDIGREE SEEDS and Scotch
4 Seed Potatoes are grown by thousands of
satisfied customers. You should be included among
ever - increasing number. Quality absolutely

64-page catalogue, calendar and garden
guide free. Seeds, spring-planting bulbs, roses, fruit
trees, garden books, and sundries at most reasonable
prices. G. & A. Fertiliser; 5/- cwt. Shallots, 14 Ib.
(^ cg. paid. Specialities: Sweet Peas and Gladioli.
West Bromwich. Established 1890.

4 ERNS! ! CALADIUMS it-Bepanias;
Crotons. Dracaenas, Gloxinias,
Geraniums, Ericas, Lilies, Ferns and How
Them, by J. E. Smith, 3/6 post
London Fern Nurseries, London, S,W.9,

Palms,

to Grow
free.—_SMITH,

Hydrangeas, .

CHRONICLE.

JANUARY 10, 1925.

— —

——

100,000 3: o, viret: wanted 1696

large A — for dividing. Catalogues free. —
ITH, Fernery, London, 8.W.9.
JALMS AND BAY TREES. Bay Trees

established in tubs: magnifleent selection. in all
sizes. Sizes and prices on application. Unique collection
of Palms in all sizes. Prices and catalogue on application.
—ROBERT GREEN (1911), LTD. 28, Crawford Street,
London, ነነ. 1.

IMALAYAN, Chinese and other Rhodo-

— YA ግ: own roots. Shrubs, Alpines.
and border Aquatics, Lilles, etc. Write for
Lists.—G. REUTI , Keston, , Kent.

IMALAYAN ORCHIDS. — 12 different
grand flowering sorts, 24/-; 12 Pleiones, mixed,

20'-; 6 sorts Cymbidiums, 23,-; all pd. cash:
list free. —cHANDRA NURSERY, P. O. RBhenock,
Sikkim (Bengal), India.
SINGLE BEG IONIA TUBER RS. Famous
Strain, 1. to 2 inches diameter; Pink, Scarlet,
White, Yellow: 14- 100, 76 50, 2- PDozen.—H.

COX, 159, Spring Hill,

ELLADONN

doz. 100; first

third size, 26, post

POWER & (0,
Merchants.

Birmingham.
NA LILY: monster Bulbs, per
size, *:- ; second size, ›:
free. so far as unsold.—-WM.
Waterford. Nurserymen and Seed

LPINES and DWARF CONIFERS for

Rock Gardens; 50,000 Pot-grown Alpines in
stock; over 300 vars., 2 dozen collection. kinds,
15/.- epd. Lists free.—Garden Dept., HODSONS,

58, Castlegate, Nottingham.

USH PRUNUS PISSARDII, 3 to 4 ft,

18 - doz.: Ceanothus G. de V. and M. Simon, 412;
doz.: Japanese Maples in variety, 42; doz. — WM.
BIGNELL & SON, Highgate, N. 6.

NGLISH YEWS, là ft. to 5 ft.: good
d ee BIGNELL & SON, Highgate, N. 6.

TANDARD ALMONDS (sold out) can

now offer Cerasus Hisakura, Limes, Prunus triloba,

Prunus Pissardil, Acer negundo var., etc, etc.—WM.
BIGNELL & SON. Highgate, N. 6.

OREST TREES, Japanese and European
Larch, Douglas and Silver Fir, Sitka Spruce, etc.:
grand stuff. Also Thorn Quicks and Privet. Catalogue
free. —eWM. POWER & CO., Waterford, Nurserymen and
Seed Merchants.

RISH SEED POTATOES, Certified Stocks.
Prices on application. —WM. POWER & CO.. Water-
ford, ጋ ን men and Seed Merchants.

porate ONIONS, sound hand. picked bulbs,
r box of 10 lbs., post free, 8'-.—W M. POWER
& CO., Pe Waterford, Nurserymen and Seed Merchants.
GFAKALE for Forcing, 25/-, 20/-, ins
Planting Thongs, 5,6 to 2/6 per 100, c.p. c.w.o.
—H. €. GARDNER, Ruxley, Claygate, Surrey.

MISCELLANEOUS.

Folk keep

THOUSAND Fresh-air
in Beacon Ollskins. Wet cannot harm
Get weather comfort vourself with Beacons,
your coat from the 100 page Beacon Cata-
logue—we guarantee your satisfaction or return price.
Men's Coats, 13 0: Long Leggings, a'-: Ladies’
Lightweight Coats. 25/7; Children’s from 15;- ; 2 -buckle
Garden Clogs 5. 11 (post 9d.) Send postcard to-day
for “Weather Comfort."—BARBOURS, LTD., — 66,
Beacon Buildings. South Shields. (8)

F IFTY
dry

them.

Choose

RON AND WIRE FE NCING for Gardens,

Tree Guards. Gates, Arches, Espaliers, Rose Stakes.
und Ornamental Garden Tron and Wire Work of every
description: send for illustrated. catalogue —Also Kennel
Railing and Poultry Fencing. Ask for separate lists.—

BOULTON & PAUL. LTD., Norwich.

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| STOVE AND GREENHOUSE: PLANTS OF ALL me :

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MÀ

January 10, 1925.

THE

Gardeners Chronicle

No. 1985—SATURDAY, JANUARY 10, 1925.

CONTENTS.
Alpine garden— Loder Rhododendron
inum campanula- cup, the ር 17
tum Mistleto ... — .. 20

Ranunculus gramineus 21 Nursery notes— |
Apples, some useful late 2, | Messrs. Ireland and

Hitchcock... ae 26
Bees and Apple fertili- Obituary—

«ation ... e. 29 Truffaut, Albert, Senr, 30
Bulb garden— Onion Excelsior versus
Bermuda Lilies Soe 25 Ailsa Craig "E
Crocus Imperati 25 Orchid notes and glean-
Iris tingitana ... ... 25 ings—
Bulb — problem, the Cypripedium” us cut
American PE ... 1፻ owers s ... X
Carver, the late Mr. Parks and gardens,
— t proposed 18 public... M 2
(hrrsanthemiüni ‘Society Plant life ተ] Rast ANg- i
of America .. .. 18 lian Heaths ze. du

Societies—
Bucarest Gardeners’ 29

mn Sugar-Beet in Scotland 29
Trees and shrubs—

Chrysanthemums in
France, popular Eng-
lish MS t pus

Florists' flowers—

Sweet Peas for exhi- Eupatorium Wein-
bition ... 2s TE maunianum, ... e 2
Fruit register— Pinus flexilis ... — ... =
Pear Danas’ Hovey ... 29 | Vegetable garden—

* Gardeners’ Chronicle ” Capsicum or Pepper 2i

Caulifowers ... "MN.

1 vide ds years ago 19 Forcing French Beans 2A
ndoor plants— M LIAE 5
Cereus flagelliformi~ 19 Week’s work, the .. 20

Worm life, problems of 24

Kew notei— k :
Youth and age in plants 11

Hardy shrubs in flower 23

ILLUSTRATIONS.

Apple Lady Henniker ... — "T ibi ... I a
Cereus flagelliformis .... ae — MA m SQ. (10
Cook. Mr. Charles H.. portrait of ... — - .... 48
Garden staff at Aldenham House. Elstree "T = 2
Iris tingitana 26 aie eP " ቺም — » 31
Lilium longiflorum Harristi in Bermuda, field. of — > eee
Worms. methods of propagation in E T .... 24
SS ——— ———— —
AVERAGE MEAN TEMPERATURE for the ensuing week

deduced from observations during the last fifty

years at Greenwich, 385

ACTUAL TEMPERATURE —
The Gardeners’ Chronicle Othce, 3. ‘Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, London, Wednesday, January 7,
10 a.m.: Bar. 306 temp. 43°. Weather, Fine.

Tue majority of plants pursue
the even tenor of their way
fron youth to age without
vouchsafing to any but the
most observant that they
suffer from any of the ‘‘ growing pains”
incidental to the growing up of human
youths. It is true that there is often to be
seen a big break in continuity between the
germinating seed and the newly-established
seedling. The first efforts of the seedling in
the way of leaf formation are but feeble, and
from them the scale leaves only result. With
the vigour which comes to the establishment
of independence the first rough leaf is formed,
and often enough it is of mature form like
unto all the leaves which will be produced
thereafter. Another break of continuity
which marks a tide in the affairs of plants
may be observed when the plant becomes
adolescent- ripe to flower. At this period
also the flower-bearing branches, intent, as it
were, on their business, all but forget that it
13 customary for a branch to bear leaves, and
only produce perfunctorily, one or two mere
rudiments of leaves which the botanist calls
bracteoles or prophylls. Some Orders of
plants, the Cruciferae, for example, give up
the pretence altogether, and their flowering
branches-—without respect for the tradition
that branches should bear leaves produce
their flower buds without any preliminary
production of prophylls. The turnover from
vegetative to flower-bearing state, which must
undoubtedly be accompanied hy widespread

Youth and
Age
in Plants.

THE GARDENERS’

change in the whole plant, takes place often
with effortless ease. So smooth is the passage
from vegetativeness to floriferousness that
even now little or nothing is known of the
inward change which leads to the outward
grace of flowering. There are, however,
plants which, as is well-known, take a long
time to grow up--as measured by their
flowering -and others which never grow up
at all. The once-flowering Palms, Agaves,
and the like, which go on living and growing
in leisurely fashion for long terms of years,
then flower, fruit, and die, are instances of
theformer. Many New Zealand plants which
have juvenile non-flowering forms and the
Retinosporas —permanent juvenile Conifers—-
are among the many well-known examples of
the latter. What makes the once-flowering
Palm at long last reach maturity, and what
causes it to die when it has sct its seeds, are
alike unknown. Some say that the trees are
worn out by the heavy work of seed and fruit
production, but this is only an example of
the all too frequent application of the obvious.
It is more likely a case of plant suicide ; and
all the yearly deaths of annuals may well
prove to be so many examples of self immo-
lation in the interests of the race—'' The
individual withers and the world grows more
and more." "There is much in the anatomy
of herbs and herbaceous perennials to suggest
that they are not the sort of stocks whence
perennial trees evolved, but rather that they
are degenerate members of races which once
enjoyed the stature and status of long-lived
and frequently-flowering trees. The world
went very well then, in that far-off time when
most Dicotyledons and Monocotyledons en-
joyed, as is supposed on this hypothesis, a
tree-like habit. But as climate evolved,
becoming more unequal over the face of the
earth, tree forms of vegetation were confined
to the districts with constant water supply ;
from the other areas, as trees, they were
banished. Some '' went out” for good and
all, others began to take a lower place, until
at last what was once a tree may now be
the ephemeral and minute herb which springs
up, matures, bears flowers, and ripens seeds
within the space of a few weeks. Anyone
who tends plants may observe signs---it may
be slight, yet nevertheless sure, that fertility is
not a mere inevitable event which ensues from
lapse of time. An interesting instance of the
peculiarity of the state of a plant with respect
to flower bearing is described by Mr. L. B.
Stewart in the case of a species of Gardenia.*
A cutting from the main vertical stem of the
plant goes on growing for twenty years or
more without flowering, but if cuttings are
taken from one of the side branches the
plants which arise are of branching growth
and flower regularly year by year. What
they gain in floriferousness they lose in mere
stability. For whereas the non-flowering,
upright plants live on unflowered, the bushy,
dwarfer plants which flower after a few years
produce root suckers which, like a Rose
stock overgrowing its scion, pushes up as an
upright stem, that, unless removed, ‘‘ sucks
the verdure " out of the other, so that the
bushy plant by its side ceases to flower
and presently dies.

Our Almanac.— As a supplement to the
present issue we publish The Gardeners’
Chronicle Almanac. for 1925. containing a
list of the chief horticultural events of the

vear. Our readers should see that the
Almanac is included with their copies of
this week's issue.

* Transactions and Proceedings of the Botanic Society
of Edinburgh, XXIX.. Part T., 1914

CHRONICLE. | |

~]

French Chrysanthemum Society.---We are
sorry that post-war conditions have compelled
this active society to limit the publication
of its official organ, Le Chrysanthème, to
intervals of every two months instead of
every month during the autumn and early
spring seasons. We therefore get much
news of a belated character, especially as
the size of the publication is also limited.
The current number shows that the member-
ship roll is growing rapidly : 1,322 members.
inclusive of 6? affiliated societies, are now
recorded. There is a short account of the
Rennes Congress, but the text of the papers
read there will appear in a subsequent
issue. There are reports of exhibitions of
the English National Chrysanthemum Society.
one at Lyons and one at Tunis. Much
other interesting and seasonable matter has
been held over for lack of space.

The American Bulb Problem.—Judging by
a letter from a well-known American firm
of nurserymen in Horticulture, the possibility
of America supplying her own bulbs that
will flower satisfactorily seems to be a poor
one. The firm in question, Messrs. R. and
J. Farquhar, states that in view of the forth-

coming embargo on the importation of
Narcissi bulbs it decided to try some of

These, which
were stated to
and had every

the bulbs grown in California.
are termed * domestic bulbs,"
be 16 c.m. in diameter,
appearance of being of excellent quality.
They were planted, twelve bulbs in each
pan, with a similar number of bulbs from
France of a size of 14 em., the French
bulbs being not nearly so good in appearance
The bulbs were forced in a greenhouse under
favourable conditions and the French stock
was in full bloom on November 24 last.
when the growth of the domestic bulbs was
only three inches high. On December 6 the
French bulbs were passing out of flower and
every one of the twelve bulbs were in bloom.
The domestic bulbs showed two blooms out
of twelve planta and seven of the plants
were stated to be blind. having healthy
foliage but no flowers.

Plant Life o2 East Anglian Heaths. A study
of Plant Life on East Anglian Heaths, by
Dr. E. Piekworth Farrow, will shortly b:
published by the Cambridge University Press.
The volume contains an account of some
observations, problems and experimental work
relating to the Ecology of the vegetation
of the East Anglian heath district known
as the “ Breck Country."

Popular English Chrysanthemums in France.-
We notice in the columns of our excellent
French contemporary, Jardinage, that the
* King ". of the yellow Chrysanthemums in
France during the past season was Mrs.
R. C. Pulling. This remarkable scedling
from the Ryecroft Nurseries, Lewisham, has
certainly had a long life for a leading
exhibition variety. Other Chrysanthemums
of English origin that are stated by the
same authority to have done well in France
during 1924 are Undaunted and Salonica.

The Leder Rhododendron Cup.— It is
gratifying to learn that the Loder Rhodo-
dendron Cup has been awarded by the
Royal Horticultural Society, for the year
1925, to Professor C. S. Sargent, Director
of the Arnold Arboretum, who, as is well
known. has rendered great. services over a
long period in popularising the cultivation
of Rhododendrons and Azaleas throughout
the United States, and has been instrumental
in promoting expeditions to search for and
colleet new species, many of which have
been introduced to our gardens. The cup
which is of silver and beautifully engraved.
was presented to the society by Mr. Gerald
W. E. Loder in memory of his brother, Sir
Edmund Loder, and the | recommendation of
the award. is made by a joint committee
of the Royal -Horticultural Society and the
Rhododendron Society. This is the first
occasion on which the award has been

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ASA ጋው

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONIOLE, January 10, 1925.

, 1025.

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE, January 10, WES

The Dates of
Meetings supplied me of publication, and others are liable to alteration.

IPS —99—949- 99.49.99 99- -
Ri OO OO OO "oe OO SO SO SS SO SS FH SO SS SS OO OO SO OO AN
JANUAR
E rte ed JUNE. :
] c p e -— ——— ቆ
1 | Th | Moon, first quarter, 11.26 pm. ኮ 4:
$ e ከ8 o ham — Noe —— a ከ ዳርና — : ከ 1 | M | Whit Monday; Sun rises 3 hrs. 51 min. ;
* Gardeners' Chronicle ” first issud, 11 ን 2 | Tu | Roy. Caledonian Hort. Soc. meet.;
ኢሪ 3 | ኳ Pie kam and Dis. Hort. Soc. m ቄ.ታፕ ን ምን ት... 31%ሜ | — 1 of Yorks Florists’ meet. "M
ecture. Mi -— oy. Agricultural Soc. Council meet.
0 4 | 8 | 2nd Sunday after Christmas. set E. Tulip Soc. meet. 4 | Th | Nottingham and Notts. Chrys. Soc. meet.
3 ሽ 8 hrs. 8 min. ' mn. 5 | F | Sun sets 8 hrs. 9 min
5 | M "oms. mect. (2 days); l i ፪ . 1
6 | Tu | Roy. Caled'n Hort. Soc. meet. ; x. (2 dys); Roy. Caledonian 6; S Full Moon, 9.48 p.m.; Blackburn and
noc OLX ORE Eoi iE. . _ Dis. Hort. Soc. meet. and lecture.
LUW Rey See. of England Soc. Council meet. 7| $ | Trinity Sunday. Wakefield and N. of E.
M 8 | Th | Sun sets, 4 hrs. 8 min. rotts. Chrys. Soc. meet 8| M, U ted OR BC
9 | F | Roy. Hort. Soc. of Ireland Counci ; Roy Hort -of m UM
M 10 | S | Full Moon. 2.47 a.m. bet. 5 Orchid Club meet. 9 | Tu| Roy. Hort. Soc. Coms. meet. (2 days) M
n ] , min. Jersey Gdnrs. Soc. meet.
H d n ud a fter. Epiphany. — 10 | W | Sheffield Chrys. Soc. meet. 1
፤ ማ ችው ee eet Bid eee ር :
13 | Tu Sun rises, 8 hrs. 3 min. ; Roy. Ha meet. 12 | F | Roy. Hort. Soc. of Ireland Council mect M
14 | W | Wimbledon Gdnrs. Soc. meet. [(94፡- Meet- 13 | S | Moon, last quarter, 0.44 p.m. $
15 | Th | Sun sets. 4 hrs. 18 min. min: 14 | 8 | 1st Sunday after Trinity. M
16 | F | Orchid Club meet. | 5.40 a.m. ; Manchester ን diter Eng.
17 | 8 | Moon, last quarter, 11.33 p.m.; N A Orchid Soc. meet. 15 | M | Season for fresh-water fishing ends. 1
፥ Hort.-Soc “Aint dinner: ee 16 | Tu | Winchester Hort. Soc. meet.
18 | 8 | 2nd Sunday after Epiphany. 17 | W | Sun sets 8 hrs. 17 min. :
1 19 | M | Sun rises, 7 hrs. 58 min. LES ። 18 | Th | Sun rises 3 hrs. 44 mi K
20 | Tu | Winchester Hort. Soc. meet. ; chelsea Show (5 days) ; — | —
21 | W | Sun sets, 4 hrs. 28 min. [Grdns. 5. ER ene ae ም OD O
22 | Th | Roy. Botanic Soc. meet. (ect. and dinner 20 is 8 h i | $
23 | F | Assn. of Economic Biologists meet; | 21 el New Moca BITREL I mm ice. M
1 chester and N. of England Orchid Soc, . 1 : od Moon, a a መ ው
24 | 8 | New Moon. 2.43 pum 50010. ; Assn. of Economic M | Sun rises 3 hrs. 45 min. ኤሪ
› 25 | 8 | 3rd Sunday after Epiphany. pf E. Tulip Soc. Ex. (4 1.1 eris Hor a 1 days) y
26 | M | Hove Hort. Soc. meet. sion. Day. [days). 24 | W | Midsummer Day: Croydon Hort. Socr
$ 27 | Tu | Sun rises, 7 hrs. 48min. ; Roy. Hol min. Ex; Mitcham, Tooting aud Dist: Hort, So
+ _ Com. meet ; Newcastle Hort. Šoc. led»c. lecture. meet. bute
" 28 | ነኛ | Wimbledon Gdnrs. Soc. meet; Mt and Dist. Hort. Soc 25 | Th | Roy. Botanic Soc. meet.
$ . , , Tooting and Dist Hort. Soc. meet. ! i | 26, F | Assn. of Economic Biologists meet. $
0 29 | Th an Boreo] nu moe no aid Southern Counties] 27 | S | Sun sets 8 hrs. 19 min. M
እሪ Florists! Federation Ann. meet. and. im E 28 | 8 3rd Sunday after Trinity. 4
| 30 | F | Sun sets, 4 hrs. 43 min. H sami DEMT 29 | M | Moon, first quarter, 9.43 a.m. ¢
$ 31 | S | Moon, first quarter, 4.43 p.m. — [Masters d. 1907. WAN nox. ron. SOC Comp: meets Ama teursp
. ow (2 days) ; Sir Joseph Paxton b., 1817.
ፅ —
JULY. SER. DECEMBER +
$ . - ui DS RR . *
1 | W | Roy. Agricultural Soc. Council met
0 2 | Th | Nottingham and Notts. Chrys. — nai ee ned as TM zs MH appe Gon ior m:
3g Nate Roc soe Ex di eee cae: E en don n Hort. Soc. meet. ; Croydon Gdnrs. 8o :
(2 days). ት S ጋ ri 1
0 4 | S | Blackburn and Dis. Hort. Soc. mé, The Dittons RO - Th ተ ሞቹ dise Nou — See |
5 | 8 | 4th Sunday after Trinity. Waketié wi; ከ eg
$ N. of E. Tulip Soe meee ላን ባር OSEE Hort. Soc. Ex 4 | E | Sunrises 7 hrs. 49 min.
6| M | Full Moon, 4.54a.m.; Sir H. Veitch (x. (2 pus "nudo Es ኸኸ... ቐሽ... ኸማ ብ. $
ነ 7 | Tu | Roy. Agricultural Soc. Ex. at (oc. Ex.; Bedford and Dis 815.1 ene Sunday m Adrieni ር ክሻ -ani
እሪ (5 days); Roy. Caledonian Hort. Soc, , (Chrys. and Fruit Soc. Ex eee
8 | W | Nat. Rose Soc. provincial Ex. aglecture; Corn Exchange ፡ .1፡ ሽ ኸኸ $
$ (2 days): Brighton, Hove and Sussg3. Hort. Soc. meet. and 8 | ፲ክ | Moon, last quarter, 0.11 p.m.; Jerse
So. Fx. (2 days) ; Shemeld Chrys. Sop, 3.13 p.m [lecture Wi — SOC meet D4
neient Soc. x Floris `y — —— ነ 1 A
$ 0 | Th | Fire 898066 ites — ot, Fruit and Grain Soc 2 — ቄታ-ፕ። ን». ባሻ. ቆ
10 | F | Roy. Hort. of Ireland Council mecf sussex H S Ex Gage 10 | Th | Sun rises 7 hrs. 56 min. e
$ 11 | S | Neweastle Hort. Soc. ann. outing. pis - Wimbledon G due 11 Bey Hor — of Ireland Council meet.
T M — — en p.m. cham and Notts. Chrys. Soc Club Meetings aS ዌታ.ቢተን፡...፡.. M
018 | M | United Hort Den. and Prov. Soe, Poli Sais ሚር] 12 | 5 | Sun sete 3 hme ቁ) min :
ኤሪ "Carnation Son. Ex. CR Tunbrill DEN Florists Ex. (20638)... De — epe uae M
0 Hort, Soc. Ex. © day); Woher e: Ex. (2 days). 14 | M | United Hort. Ben. and Prov. Soc. meet.
| : | . Floral Fete (3 days). Soc. Ex. (2 dys) ; Roy J. C. Loudon d., 1843. :
$ 15 | ነነ | SL ^ unithin ; Guildford Gdnrs. Ass@id Council meet ; Blackbur 15 | Tu| New moon, 7.5 p.m.; Roy. Hort. Sod
ቀ 16 | Th | National Sweet Pea Soc. Ex. (2 dal meet. and lecture: Orchid Coms. meet.; Winchester Hort. Soc. meet.P*
1 sancsadhe drin astle Hort. Soc. Ex. (2days) Croydon RUNTE BOC mMer *
M 18] 8 | Elstree and Dis. Hort. Soe. Ex.: Fi | 1 ፡፡..
$ : M e m .v0C. ISX.: Trinity. 17 | Th | Sun gets 3 hrs. 49 min. +
¢ 19 | 8 | 6th Sunday after Trinity. ah IB ob ተርክ ር Grau Eun: :
20 | M | New Moon, 9.40 p.m. | mess 1! 1... E ፥
0 21 | Tu | Winchester Hort. Soc. meet. Chrys. Soc. Ex. (2 dys); 20 | 8 | 4th Sunday UT —
22 | W | Mitcham, Tooting and Dis. Hort, sj, [Buxton Chrys. Soc Ex] 1 | M | Sun rises 8 hrs. 5 min. ትና
0 23 | Th | Roy. Botanic Soc. meet. ከዓ meet. 22 0 — | — — mn N
FE | Sun sets 7 hrs. 5 : _ Ex. Solstice ; Newcastle Hort. Soc. lecture.
24 — irs. 59 min. "ini 23 | W | Sheffield Chrys. Soc. meet. b
25 | S | Sun rises 4 hrs. 14 min. ranitu. F. W. Burbid 5 M
0 26 | 8 | 7/ኔ Sunday after Trinity » 2.6 a.m. 11. ሸሽ —
27 | M | Sun sets 7 hrs. 55 min. ac. lecture. 25 | F — | aoe ነ
1 28 | Tu | Moon. first quarter, 8.23 p.m. ; Roy} Soc. meet.; Mitcham, 26 | 8 Bank HOUR. el
soe, Coms. meet. Neweaatle Hort. Senet Hort. Soe. meet. 27 | 8 | lst Sunday after Christmas "Y
29 | ነኛ | Hayward's Heath Hort. Soc. Ex. (2] meet. Mn K
0 l . Sevenoaks Hort. Soc. Ex. ? 1011. 29 | Tu | Sun rises 8 hrs. 8 min. e
30 | Th Roy. Lancaster Agri. Soc. Ex. (3 min. 30 | W Full Moon, 2.1 ቤ.፲በ. ; Mitcham, Tooting’
31 | F iun and Game Licences expire, and Dist. Hort. Soc. meet.
INDORE C» +o +o +o qo -HAEA 31 | Th | Licences expire. 4
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22
ORCHID NOTES AND GLEANINOS.

CYPRIPEDIUMS AS CUT FLOWERS.

Few other plants can compare with these
casily-grown and long-lasting Orchids for the
production of cut blooms, or as plants
suitable for indoor decorations at this season
of the year. There are large numbers of
varieties suitable for the purpose, ranging
from those with almost white flowers to
those of deep shades. A comparison of the
modern hybrids with the species at once
reveals the progress made in this interesting

family of winter-flowering plants. Whilst
the colouring of the flowers has been im-
proved. the size and shape of the blooms
has also been developed to an extent that
at onc time would have been thought
impossible.

The later mtroductions are necessarily ex-
pensive, but plenty of sorts suitable for

indoor decorations and the production of cut
flowers may be procured for a modest outlay,
and grown quite easily in a moderately
warm house by anyone without any special
knowledge of Orchid culture. In the case
of those grown for the supply of cut
flowers, it is essential that they should. be
varieties. which naturally produce. flowers. on
fairly long stalks. and the plants should
have robust constitutions.

Blooms with long stalks may be arranged
in a graceful and artistic manner, whilst
those with short stalks make better material
for placing in bowls and other receptacles.

For dinner table decorations there are. few
subjects comparable with Cypripediums. but
wherever possible it is advisable to keep to

one variety. As an illustration, what is
more beautiful than a table of the lovely
vellow C. insigne SNanderae, amongst the
species, or, say. the green and white C.
Maudiae amongst. the hybrids.

There are scores of varieties, adaptable
for this purpose, whieh may be selected

table
the
and
that
month
their

according to individual taste. Even a
decoration of mixed. Cypripediums of
commonest forms is very beautiful,
when 11 15 taken into consideration
with care the flowers will last for a

in a eut state, there is no wonder at
present day popularity.

Considering that these Orehids may be
grown successfully in smoky districts and
where fogs prevail, they are most suitable

plants to cultivate in. the environs of large

cities and towns.

4.1 grown for the special purpose referred
to, if is advisable 10 inure the plants and
flowers to a slightly lower temperature and
8 (ከዝ atmosphere than those m which
they bave been grown hitherto. so that
they will not ከሁ subjected. to a sudden
change of conditions when introduced. into
dwelling rooms.

The winter-flowering Cypripediums may be
made 1) cover a period of five 10 six
months, and where a house is devoted to
their cultivation there will always be one
or more plants in bloom. lt is possible
to start. flowering Cypripediums in the early
days oof October, and continue with a
auecession until the middle or end of
March.

For the production of flowers in. quantities
it is advisable to grow them jn batches
according to their species or variety, as some
Cypripediums produce their. flowers at an
earlier season than others.

The plants may be grown in an ordinary
warm greenhouse provided there is ዜ certain

amount of humidity m the atmosphere
during their season of growth. which is
from the end of Mareh to the beginning. of
October. when slightly drier conditions
should be maintained. Having no pseudo-
bulbs to support them they should never
be allowed to suffer. from want of water at
the roots. J. T. B.

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

FLORISTS’ FLOWERS.

SWEET PEAS FOR EXHIBITION.

TEE modern method of cultivating Sweet
Peas for exhibition is a fascinating one.
Those who would excel must be thorough
in all they undertake. Half-measures. whether
in the preparation of the soil or in sub.
sequent treatment will not produce fine
flowers. By fine flowers, I mean blooms of
good colour and size, properly placed on
stout stems. Large. coarse flowers, loosely
placed on tho stems, wil not win prizes.
Zach bloom should just clear the one above
it, the standards should be broad and
nicely frilled, and the length o! stem about
fifteen inches.

The majority of Sweet Peas

srowth and flowers from an autumn than
from a spring sowing. The seeds should be

the middle ot
consists. of two
(preferably

sown in boxes or pots about
October: a suitable compost
parts loam. one part leaf- soil
from Oak or Beech leaves: and = one part
alver sand. all passed through ዞ halt-inchi
sieve and well mixed together. The seeds
germinate much more freely when plenty
of sand is used, and the plants stand
well throughout the winter. lí! boxes
are used. and those are preferable to pots
as the roots have more room in the early
spring, they should be clean annd well
drained. Three-parts fill. the boxes with the
soil, press firmly, and sprinkle with sand.
Sow one variety in each box, pressing the
seeds into the soil, spacing them about two inches

apart, and covering them with soil passed
through ጻ «quarter-inch. sieve—about balf-an-
inch of covering soil will be sufficient. Label
each box as it is finished. and place. the
boxes in a cold frame, water them. and
cover with newspapers to conserve the
moisture. Keep the frame elose for a few

days, then admit a little air.

No soon as the seedlings appear, remove
the paper. and gradually afford more air as they
vain strength. — Directly the. plants develop
a pair of leaves, allow them all the nir
possible, removing the lights entirely on fine
days. Particular care must be taken at this
period not to coddle the seedlings or they will
become weak and less able to withstand bad
weather. 11 the soil becomes dry give it a
vood watering, but overwatering must be
vuarded against or some of the seeds that
are. slow in germinating may rot. The frames
should only be covered at night in the event
of very sharp frosts, as the plants will with-

stand a fair amount of cold without. harm.
Good Sweet) Peas may be produced in
almost any kind of soil. Light. soil will

be benefited by an addition of well-rotted
cow manure in preference to horse manure,
as this will help to conserve moisture during
the warm, growing season. Heavy land
should receive plenty of half-rotted manure
and garden refuse to keep it open and
friable. In either. case, the land must. be
trenched deeply so that the roots. of the
Sweet Peas may ramify through it in search
of food and find the necessary sustenance
just nt the time they need ijt most. ie.,
July, August, and September. It is reason-
able to assume that if the ground 18 well
tilled in winter, there will be much less

work in the matter of watering during a
hot summer.

Another method is to. take out trenches
about two feet wide and three spits deep.

well forking up the subsoil, and mixing with

it some well-rotted manure and garden
refuse, together with a good sprinkling of
old soot. After forking and manuring this

usual to leave the trenches
open for a few weeks to allow the weather
to sweeten the subsoil, then half fill the
trench with the soil from the banks, mixing
ili more manure, wood ash, and በ
little. bone-meal 11 is most unportant. that
the manure should. ከሁ well mixed with the
soil, otherwise, in a wet season, the plants
will suffer from “streak " or grow much too

bottom spit. it is

soot,

produce finer

JANUARY 10, 1925

coursely. 'l'he trenches may now be filled in with
the remaining soil; no manure is necessary in this
layer, but a liberal dressing of soot and wood
ash may be spread on the surface to be washed

into the soil by winter and early sprin:
ruins. The spaces between the trenches
should be lightly forked up and no mor

need be done until the first week in March.
when the surface of the trenches should be
likewise forked over in readiness for planting
when the weather is favourable.

Many and various are the methods used
for supportiug Sweet Peas, but for exhibition
plants there 18 nothing to beat long Bamboo
canes or Hazel sticks of good length. These
should be placed about nine. or ten inches
apart and tied to a stout wire stretched
from poles placed at cach end of the row.
and at intervals according to the length. of
the rows. The poles and stakes may be
placed in position at any time, but certainly
before planting. The plants are best grown
in single rows placed about five feet apart
and preferably running North to South.
but this latter point is not of very great
importance so long as the position is an
open and sunny one.

In due course. the young plants in the
boxes or pots should have the leaders
pinched out. to encourage them to break
from the base, as it is this growth which
produces the best. blooms. Nome prefer to
pot the plants singly in small pots a month

or so before planting time: but this is not
absolutely necessary. although it is a good
plan if the weather is so bad as to. delay

planting. Rather than let the plauts become
starved in the boxes or pots, and if potting
i5. nor. possible, give them a little weak
liqui manure or soot water, just to. carry
them on [[ the time being. The plants
should be placed outdoors for a week or so
before planting. covering them at night with
thin tiffany should frost occur.

Select a fine. day for planting. when the
soil works well and is just moist. Carefully
litt each plant. from the box with as many
roots as possible, make a deep bole with
the trowel. and large enough to hold. the
roots without cramping them. Put one plant
at the base of each stiek., and label each
variety as 11 is finished. If it is desired to
grow two shoots ቦቤ each plant. the planting
should be done between the stieks. Some
of the weaker-growing sorts, such ax; most of
the orange-coloured.— varieties, should ከሩ
restricted to one growth only. 1t is a good
plan to water the plants ዘ the weather is
fine and dry so as to settle the soil about
the roots.

Sparrows sometimes give trouble by peck-
ing out the growing points, therefore it may

be desirable to streteh a piece of fish-
netting along the rows for a time. Stir
the soil round the plants frequently as
this promotes healthy growth. Tie each
growth as it needs attention and at the
same — time pinch owt the laterals and
remove all tendrils. No soon as the plants
are a foot or so high. they should be
mulehed with some strawy litter af the
weather 18 warm, but if showery weather
prevails mulching should. be deferred. On

no account muleh with heavy, close material.
or bud dropping may follow. Mulching is
necessary in hot weather, but it should

always be done with material which air and
sunshine can penetrate.

If planted in rich soil, as advised, Sweet
Peas will not require much additional feed-
ing until they are well im bloom. In hot,
dry weather they should be thoroughly
well watered once or twice a week. occasion-
ally giving them some soot water or liquid
manure and a sprinkling now and then of

some approved artificial manure well watered
11. with clear water. There is nothing better
than weak soot water to. bring out the
colours of the flowers, and this should be
used about ዘ week before the blooms are
required for. show purposes AH fully
expanded blooms should be cut some few
days before the date of the particular show.

THE. GARDENERS d JBRONICLE. E Os LS

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NOTES FROM
STONES.

NIE seu hd : he we nie
GN a are PEES j ; DE dos: |
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cowavet ro cb. per square yard, 91911...
2 oguickly Bring these teniri fi the, —
Oar fase, where they MAUL
ne UMes c — SET ENS x
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per sqiere-- Bie 24 applied in dry i
cl-muther. 0518. speedy, — PRESLEY
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— don does haf primanende.: 415፡14፻ጅ 11. ላይ
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JANUARY 10, 1925.

and the plants fed as advised: the fresh
crop of bloom wil be much the finer. [t

is à mistake to allow the flowers to remain
on the plants over long. They should be
cut freely and used for indoor decoration,
and no seed pods should be allowed to
form.

Shading is most important where first-
class blooms are desired, more especially in
the case of the orange and salmon coloured
varieties, and also most of the scarlet sorts,
although great strides have been made in
these, some of them, except in the hottest
weather, being almost sun-proof. Light
tiffany or old fish netting stretched above
them will answer the purpose unless the
sun is very fierce, when something heavier
must be used, such as scrim or canvas.

Flowers which have to travel a long
distance to a show may have to be cut

the day before, and the best for this pur-
pose are those with the top bud just
opening and the bottom one fresh. | Each

bunch should be placed in a wide jar of
clear water and stood in a cool shed for a
few hours. Always take a few more blooms
than are required, in case of accident. Some
growers take their blooms to a show with
the stems in water, but the flowers will
travel perfectly well if laid out singly im
hampers or boxes with plenty of fine tissue
paper between them. Flat hampers or boxes
that will hold two or three layers nt the

most are best. Pieces of thin wood or
canes should be placed cross-wise in the
boxes as packing proceeds to keep the
top flowers from crushing those underneath.

At most exhibitiona tier staging is pro-
vided for the Sweet Pea exhibits. and this
should be covered with black velvet. or
white paper. or any suitable material the
exhibitor may faney. If vases are not pro-

vided they should be carried separately, and
quickly filled with water ready for wuse.
Carefully unpack the flowers, count them to

make sure the requisite number is staged,
and use the largest for the baek row.
Before filling the vases with water, they
should be packed fairly tightly with rush
stalks cut about four inches long: then
place three or four pieces of foliage round
the edge of the vase, the stalk of the leaf

inserted between the rushes and the edge of

the vase so that the leaf hangs gracefully
over. Then the flowers may be put up.
just pushing the stalks among the rushes
about an inch or so deep, the vases being
filled with water almost to the top.

In arranging the vases of blooms the

adjacent colours should be as dissimilar as
possible; for instance, light and dark pinks
should not be close to one another, or
scarlet and carmine, and so on. Provide n
neat label for each variety, and leave the
rest to the judges. R. W. Thatcher, Carlton
Park Gardens, Market Harborough.

KEW NOTES.

HARDY SHRUBS IN FLOWER.
OwiNG to the unusually moist, inild
winter, many shrubs are in bloom out-of-
doors at Kew. |
The species of Hamamelis, such as H.
mollis and H. arborea are almost in their
full beauty of flowering. The variety of

H. japonica known as Zuccariniana is more
lemon-coloured than the type, and a little
later in blooming. H. vernalis. with smaller,
rhomboid-shaped leaves, and flowers of less
size i8 not so forward, whereas H. virginica
has finished flowering, except for a few
solitary blooms.

In the same order Coryvlopsis spicata is
showing pursy buds ready to open with the
first sunshine.

Small, evergreen trees, eight feet to ten
feet high, of Arctostaphylos Manzanita,
scarcely ever fail to give their complement

of unimpaired. short panicles of white io

pink flowers in midwinter.

THE

GARDENERS

Christmas rarely dawns without flowers of
Chimonanthus fragrana to herald it; this
season they are unusually fine. but better
still is the variety grandiflorus, with flowers
of a much richer yellow. Several trees of
Arbutus have been flowering for some con-
siderable time; the one showing most colour
i8 A. hybrida var. Milleri. Judging by the
long, terminal panicles, there is prospect of
a wealth of flowers on A. Menziesii later.

Erica carnea and. its varieties will be a
source of interest from now onwards.

Leafless bushes of Daphne Mezereum
and its variety alba are conspicuous both
for colour and fragrance, whilst Daphne
Laureola var. Philippii, a small evergreen
with greenish-yellow, inodorous flowers, is in
bloom. The Glastonbury Thorn, Crataegus
monogyna var. praecox has a good deal
of blossom. So also has Lonicera Standishii,
which scarcely ever fails to produce its
creamy, sweet-scented flowers at this season.

Amongst Rhododendrons, the old ሺ.
Nobleanum has been in flower for the past
fortnight or more; R. Batemannii, R. strigil-
losum, R. neriiflorum and R. racemosum
also appear to be precocious in their
blooming. H. dauricum is arrayed in small
rosy-purple flowers and the — taller-growing
R. mucronulatum is likewise furnished but
with larger flowers.

Other small shrubs
Thunbergii, which is
flowers, and SN. prunifolia.
coloured flowers of Cydonia
attention. also the varieties flore
Aurora, both of which are
beautiful and fit for use in
Prunus subhirtella var. autumnalis deserves
all the laudations it has received: it has
been in flower during the past three weeks
and still remains first rate; the flowers
appear up to four in a cluster with
two or more rows of petals. which have
just a flush of pink. C. F. Coates.

1). bloom aro Spiraea
sprinkled with white
The brilhantly
japonica arrest
pleno and
exceedingly
any vase.

PUBLIC PARKS AND GARDENS.

TENNIS courts and net-ball courts are to
be provided at Boston Manor Park, Brent-
ford, at an estimated cost of ኒ2,730.

THe Urban District Council of Church
Stretton is applying to the Ministry of
Health for sanction to borrow €800 for the
purchase of land lying north of the pleasure

grounds.

THE Parks Committee of Manchester has
been authorised to construct an open air
bath at Cringle Fields and to level the
paths around the bandstand at Brookdale
Park, at a cost of £3,485, and the Public
Health Committee has been authorised to
plant a shrubbery around the — Monsall

Hospital at a cost of £1,150.

A TRIANGULAR
Tolworth (Surbiton)

piece of land at the
entrance to Alexandra

Recreation Ground is to be fenced in and
laid out with shrubs and grass at a cost
of £150.

Tue Corporation of Grimsby has been
recommended to adopt a scheme, estimated
to cost £3,670. for the provision of tennis
courts and a childrens’ playground.

THE Town Council of Brighton has de-

cided to spend £18,000 on Western Esplanade
improvements, which include the laying out
of a sunken garden and ዜ childrens’ boating
pool. Negotiations are afoot to ucquiré
some three hundred acres of the Moulscombe
estate for a publie park.

CHRONICLE.

. Mendowsweet.

23

APPLICATION has been made by the Town
Council of Bury to the Ministry of Health

for sanction to borrow £3,850 in connection
with the scheme for laying out Clarence
Recreation Ground, providing open air

bathing accommodation, a paddling pool, ete.

NEGOTIATIONS are in progress for the
acquisition of land for the provision of a
recreation ground for the Maxton and Tower
Hamlets districts of Dover.

————

THe Urban District Council of Hurst has
received sanction from the Ministry of
Health to borrow £2,000 for recreation
ground purposes.

Tue Kingston-on-Thames Corporation ከ88
decided to lay Cumberland turf on the
small bowling green near the ladies! pavilion
at an estimated cost of £340.

TREES AND SHRUBS.

PINUS FLEXILIS.

IN the Pine collection at Kew near the
south-west end of the lake there 18 a small
group of Pinus flexilis flanked with trees of
Pinus radiata. The latter Pine has grass-
green. foliage, and this makes P. flexilis,
which has glaucous green leaves, more dis-
tinguishable. The trees are about sixteen
vears old and differ in height; at a rough

`

eomputation the tallest is between twenty
feet and twenty-four feet high with a girth
the same number of inches. ‘The main stem
in still green, smooth, and with little sign
of fissures. For the past few years it has
made about two feet of growth annually,
which must be considered an excellent rate
of growth for a Pine supposed to be a
slow grower. These Pines are growing in
stiff, gravelly, yellow soil. The tree is
pyramidal in outline, with branches in well
defined whorls with a little inclined plane;
the higher branches are at an angle of 40°
to 60°.

The foliage is glaucous-green and remains
on the branches for severa] years; the
needles are in fives, and on the current season's
growth are erect, and fairly close to it, but the

older foliage grows outright. So far only
two or three cones have matured and I am
uncertain as to whether thev contained
fertile seeds or not.

Seeing that the branches are so flexible
it ix reasonable to think that a character
of flexibility would improve the quality of
the timber. which is «considered soft and

easily worked. C. F. C.

EUPATORIUM WEINMANNIANUM.

ALTHOUGH it is not hardy enough for
culture as a bush in the open, save in our
milder counties, Eupatorium Weinmannianum
might be more often planted in gardens.
It appears to be able to withstand any
climate moderate enough to enable one to
grow the hardier Fuchsias without pro-
tection, and it has withstood 12° to 16° of
frost here with but little injury.

E. Weinmannianum sends out shoots so

readily and quiekly from the base that it
matters little if the tops do get nipped by
frost, and whether they do or not we
always cut the plants hard baek in the

later spring.
The new

this treatment

tive feet in

shoots grow away freely after
and will sometimes exceed
height by the autumn, at
whieh season they break into many heads
of creamy-white flowers suggestive of the
The flowers are very fragranı

and extremely attractive to butterflies. ‘They
are excellent for cutting and may be
gathered from early autumn until the first
severe frost. We grow this shrub in any
good average border soil that is well-
drained and it is a first-rate subject for
massing. J. N.. Wales,

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26 u

thorough investigation into the history of
the old Physic Gardens of Edinburgh*, and
in January 1924, shortly before his death.
he communieated the interesting information
to The Scotsman (in connection with a
correspondence on * The Larch in Scotland '))
that in Sutherland’s catalogue of the plants
in the Physic Gardens of Edinburgh, published
in 1683, the Larch is included.

This interesting disclosure, although it cloes
not throw any light on the year in which
it was introduced into the Edinburgh Physic
Garden shows that the Larch was growing
in Edinburgh at least forty-two years before
it was planted at Dawyck. The title of
Sutherland's Catalogue is Hortus Medicus
Edinburgensis : a Catalogue of Planta in the
Physical Gardens, Edinburgh, by Mr. James
Sutherland, Intendant of the same Gardens,
1683; and the Larch occurs in the list as
‘Larix B. P. Ger: Park: folio deciduo
Conifera, I. B. The Larch Offic." It may be
mentioned that at this time (1683) there were
two Physic Gardens in — Edinburgh--the
King's Garden at Holyrood and the Town
Garden at Trinity Hospital. A. D. Richardson,
Edinburgh.

SUGAR-BEET IN SCOTLAND.

RESULTS are now coming to hand of the
trials, both on an experimental scale and on
a commercial basis. which have been carried
on throughout Scotland during 1924, in Sugar-
Beet cultivation. So far these results tend
to show that even in the north of Scotland
the conditions generally are suitable for the
production of this crop. Some two hundred
acres were planted in Scotland during the
vear—from Carlisle to Inverness—80 as to
ascertain which districts would give the best
results and the most suitable variety of
Sugar-Beet. The areas planted were small,
varying from half.an-acre to five acres. Two
valuable points established are that the
climate and soil of Scotland are perfectly
suited to the growing of Sugar-Beet. Add
to this the intention of the Government to
subsidise the industry and there scems little
reason why this branch of agriculture could
not be considerably developed. Of course the
sugar refiners are up in arms, and with a
certain amount of cause, against the subsidy.
contending that the growing of Sugar-Beet would
displace other essential crops. To a certain
extent this is quite true, but as the crops
most likely to be displaced would be Turnips
and Potatos, the contention is not so serious
as might be thought. Beet pulp, with its
highly nutritious value, would more than fill
the place of Turnips as a cattle food. In
short, there seems no reason whatever why
Scotland should have to depend so much
for its supplies on foreign sources.

Under the auspices of the North of Scotland
College of Agriculture, experiments were carried
out in West Aberdeenshire. where four varieties
were tested on two farms. and in addition
two trials of an extensive nature werc made
on two farms in co-operation with the Anglo-
Scottish Beet-Sugar Corporation in order to
test the commercial possibilities. In the case
of the two experiments at Inschfield and
Logie Home Farm, no special preparation
was made, apart from that ordinarily given
to the Turnip crop. The farmyard manure
in the former was applied on the surface,
and in the latter in the drills. Both crops
received artificial manures. The seeds sown
were: English (Canadian Stock), Vilmorin,
Kuhn. and Dieppe. Comparatively large
numbers of the plants—something like ten to
twenty per cent—were found to have “ bolted”
in the earlier sown crop at Inschfield, while
only one or two per cent “bolted” in the
crop sown at the beginning of June at Logie

* Transactions of the Royal Caledonian Horticultural
Soeiety, Vol. I, p. 79.

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE,

Home Farm. The vields in unwashed roots
were as follow : —
INSCH FIELD.
Per Cent
Tons, Cwts. of Sugar.
English (Canadian Stock) ] 18 16:
Vilmorin ... $us Vu <2 14 154
Kuhn i — S2 ud 18 15:6
Dieppe ... $a "T 4 174
LOGIE.
Per Cent.
Tous. Cwts. of Sugar.
Bnglish (Canadian Stock) 6 10 174
Vilmorin ... —* ... 8 2 17:0
Kuhn € ius keg 70 14 14:0
Dieppe .. .. .. 7 5 148
It is difficult to account for the small
yields at Inschfield except for the fact that
the crops made rather a poor braird and
were too thinly sown. The sugar factories
make a strong point in respect to sowing
plenty of seeds. The crops were much more

regular and closer in the drill at Logie. but
the roots were scarcely up to the best size.
The season does not appear to have favoured
growth. yet the percentage of sugar is satis-
factory in most cases. The cold, backward
weather in the early part of summer appeared
to delay growth very considerably. and may
be accountable for the undue * bolting ^ which
occurred in the earlier sown crop.

It is interesting to note that a loss of
about ten per cent 18 recorded in the crop
between the weights at the forwarding station
and the amount of washed roots prepared
at the factory for manufacturing. purposes,
due to the adhesion of soil to the Beets.
The price realised at the factory was 448.
per ton of Beet with fifteen-and-a-half per
cent of sugar, with an addition or reduction
of 3d. per ton in respect of each one-tenth
per cent of sugar content above or below
that standard. The seeds eost 01. to 8d. per
lb., and a thick sowing of from fifteen to
twenty pounds per aere is recommended. 1t
was found, too, that the crop may be very
much reduced by scrimping the seed. The
distance between the drills was greater than that
recommended for Sugar-Beet. viz., eighteen to

twenty inches, consequently the vields are
likely to have been considerably less than
would have been the case with narrower
drilling.

To grow Sugar-Beet successfully, however, it
must be remembered that the crop requires

much more careful cultivation than, say,
Turnips. The soil. has to be ploughed deeper
and weeding has to. be carefully attended

to. W. ላ.

NURSERY NOTES.

MESSRS. ANDREW IRELAND AND
HITCHCOCK, OF MARKS TEY.
EVERYONE who thinks of Mr. Andrew

Ireland simultaneously thinks of Sweet Peas,
for there is no man who has been more
eonspicuous as a grower and exhibitor in
the modernu history of the Queen of

Annuals.

With one exceptionally notable diversion,
to which attention shall be drawn later,
Mr. Ireland will talk of Sweet Peas from
about a generation back right to date. and

if his modern facts have a greater value,
his remembrances and reminiscences are full
of fascinating interest to enthusiasts. One

of the stalwarts of the Bicentenary Celebra-

tions, he was among those who assisted to
launch the National Sweet Pea Society. and
he has remained | among its = staunchest
supporters throughout its career. | On the
occasion of the visit which constitutes. the
raison d'etre. of these notes, the topic was
rather Sweet Pea seeds than Sweet Pea
flowers, though these latter. in the finest of
present-day varieties, were not forgotten.

As for seeds—well, the plants in the several
acres were literally weighted down with
them, and if the harvest fulfilled the promise,

JANUARY 10, 1925.

there were sufficient to satisfy the extensive
demands of the = firm's customers.

When it comes to u matter of reference
to specific varieties, as seen at Marka Tey

early last autumn, the first problem is
where to make a start and the last 18.
when to come to a finish. Number one,

then, shall be the exquisite Constance Hinton,
which, even though it is getting on in years,
as measured by the life length of many
modern Sweet Peas, still stands with the
finest of the whites for garden or exhibition.

Then there are the superb cream pinks.
Mrs. Arnold Flitcheock and Picture ;, the
splendid blues, Mrs. Tom. Jones und
Commander QGodsall: the indispensable pinks,
Daisybud Improved and Hawlmark Pink
Improved ; the rich, crimson Charity: the

glistening, scarlet-red Royal Scot ; the distinct
Mascotts Helio and Warrior; the delightful
Orchid Improved and Powerscourt: and
Ravenswing. darkest of all Sweet Peas, and
for that renson, not always welcome.

There are just six others varieties which
must be mentioned, because they appeared
to be Mr. Ireland's chief concern in 1921. and
also. because they are of uncuestioned excel-
lence. Thev arc Lord Lascelles, pure
lavender : Muscotts Purple. whieh ealls. for
no descriptive words ; Shamrock, rosy mauve,
noteworthy as having been honoured with
the Award of Merit. of the Royal Horti-
cultural Society : Madame Sarah Grand, with
wings of pure ivory and standard ivory,
tinged buff; he Beacon, very deep, wet
richly-bright. coral-orange : and Moonbeam,
which has blue wings and light blue standard
suffused with heliotrope ; the fifth and sixth
received Awards of Merit at York. Gala.

Harking back to the diversion alluded to
in the opening line of the second paragraph
we have the widely-honoured result of ከ
cross between Scarlet. Beauty Sweet William
and a single. scarlet) Carnation, to which
the name of Dianthus Mascotts has been
given. 11 is a wonderfully floriferous plant.
and there are spaces in the beds and borders
of every garden which the charming salmon-
pink blossoms will adorn a8 no other can
do. because this Dianthus is unique.
Judging its merita by expert appreciation, it
may be noted that it has been accorded
the Award of Merit (1922), the Bronze Flora
Medal (1923). and the Silver Medal (1924) of
the Royal Horticultural Society: the Award
of Merit (1924) of York Gala; and. in its
special direction most noteworthy of all, the
First-Class Certificate of the British Florists’
Federation as a market plant. It is dowered
so richly by its own natural beauty and by
the considered opinions of those qualified to
judge in the horticultural world to such
a degree that none will question its merits.

T. W.

SOME USEFUL LATE APPLES.

DuRiNG the past month several varieties of
Apples have been sent to me for naming,
including those described below, all of which
are of first-class quality. It is surprising to
me why many of these older Apples are not
more extensively grown as each of them is
of great utility and possesses a commercial
value. The varieties have been selected out
of a dozen sent for naming, and whether
for garden or orchard purposes, all will be
found commendable.

Rushock Pearmain

is an excellent dessert
Apple of first-rate quality in use from
January until April. The fruit is of medium
size, conical, and evenly formed. The skin
is deep yellow, covered with russet and
with a brownish tinge on the side next the
sun. The eye is large and open; the stalk,
one-quarter-of-an-inch long, inserted in a deep

cavity. The flesh is yellowish, firm, crisp.
and juicy, with a brisk, sub-acid, sugary
flavour. It was introduced about the year
1821 and raised by Mr. Charles Taylor of

Rushock, in Worcestershire. As a late Apple
of quality it deserves to be generally grown.

: ፡ ክና. ad, 19፻ A

——

as c fo Tease 1 ት are Polls — 3n T —
uL ;sbinipable-- 'ከ9ጨ.. “Sy |
= lawer Sbiplake; -
De A Fante.: Warren. House Gardena. -
ሸ፡ በክ;
— — — Sitar

à 35 Alexanders $ See) West: — We 14.

Seuri |

BRE A K all REC ORDS

RES

-

xen

The Largest

P o D D E 5.
zy HE; q fed: ሥሥ”

HEIGHT 2 FEET.
ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE

pu^. POST FREE ON "APPLICATION.
REEDSMEN TU

ኮሠ A orte Co ፦ሪ H THE ዛዊ
.RAYNES PARK, LONDON, Di Ne 20..

T
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2

“post

BREE,

dM THE:
WORLD.

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oy pr UL BULLS PLANT FOOD COMPAN.
— w tiba besa, Landon, SE; A s i

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ROVIDES | Vins. ፏ epi
: Cow E wt death, ording |
Xx ROY [ፎፎፍ» yen. wah » Savings. Bank #1:
oe ROVIDES - grunta fem 0. መ
ር Convalescent AGI

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MAGEE

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PLANT now. | js an

di an KXEAHDLE OF 11ኛ
MEMBER: woo Bs 5156 Jw wis Seri ;

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gr td. per week (ar an exire Bi- ‘wich p pav. This isin .
addition to the ሚና የመመ ad £10 Petes at REST
—

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W. BERLINGTON & SONA. LTD:
- ከይርዚዘፄነ. LUNDON, 6.4. - ድረ

mot umm.

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Bede fanis. Mr : En W, bus q^
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USC ERO ተር

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NEW. FRU 115.

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“TRE FINEST - ‘STOCK N GREAT. "BRITAIN
eat.: ptio. :9(1. Pull Katien ‘án. ileal,

SICH PLANTS CANNOT BE |
UM. ፲ ELY. DESI BE De

PRE SUN. a INSPECTION - de rien.

"በዕ የ tons at: ihe tits እ ታደ

ANTHONY. WATERER
-. 8፲ Nursery, Woking Station.. * ees

— ç — — ው Rm — — —

| THOMSON s ¢
MANURE . os

, አ88ህ፡ነ፳12፪ i
(ivi botany)
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—X—————— ——— —
— — — eva SP niil
` «n

— — — — —— — — —

viii. THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. JANUARY 10, 1825

— — — — — — — — —

።ሜ > Y Bu Appointment to Bis Majesty.

The Results of a

Century’ S Research
Genuine only from DICKSON’ 2 HAWLMARK, . BELFAST.

RHODODENDRONS and AZALEAS

Intending planters will find at
THE KNAP HILL NURSERY
LARGE SPECIMEN PLANTS
in finest named varieties
giving immediate effect
Ordinary stock as per Catalogue,
post free upon application.

INSPECTION INVITED. |
Particulars and descriptions upon application to:

The Executors of the late

ANTHONY WATERER

KNAP HILL NURSERY, 1 iT
WOKING STATION, SURREY. || ØA

LEAF .BLISTER
ON.PEACHES AND NECTARINES

CAN BE PREVENTED BY

MEDELA `

SPRAY NOW BEFORE THE BUDS BURST

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE

Horticultural Directory

The Horticultural Directory is not being
reprinted this year, but a limited number

PRICES CARRIAGE PAID.
3 gallon, 4/6 | 2 gallons, 11/6
፤ ,። 7፦ | 5 ። ፡=፦
To 1 pint of Medela add 16 parts of soft water.

of copies of the issue for 1924 are avail-
able at the reduced price of

Our New Seed and Sundries List is ready and will be
sent free on mention of this paper.

2s. post free.
Applications should be addressed to :

carpeners’ CHRONICLE, 1፲5. ||| GEO. BUNYARD 6 Co, Ltd, io. MAIDSTONE. |
LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL LLL LLL LLL LLL LL ELLE CLLR LEELA

ECKFORD’S

SPECIAL OFFER FOR 1925.

Every Seed offered is hand-picked, therefore, every Seed may be relied upon.

The following SWEET PEAS. are a very choice selection of the Giant Waved or frilled type (generally four-flowered under good
cultivation), representing a wonderful range of colour suitable for garden effect, for cutting in abundance, also superb for exhibition.
All strong growers, giving good stems.

Per a ie Per packet
PRD SMAR. Giant rich salmon -pink on ivory around 6d. and 1- | KING Ls A magnificent pure white = ... 6d. and 1/-
CHARITY. Grand crimson 6d. 1/- | MAJESTIC CREAM. Beautiful frilly cream ... . 64. „ ቭ-
CONSTANCE HINTON. The giant white... 6d. ,, 1/- MASCOTT’S INGMAN. Grand clear rose . 6d. , 1/-
CONQUEST. t charming giant, flushed and | edged MRS. TOM JONES. Charming bright blue . 69. , 1-
salmon: pink Es 6d. „ 1- | NEW SCARLET. Beautiful bright scarlet . 64. ,, 1-

EL CE. Delightful giant blush gs 69. , 1፡'- | ORCHID. A beautiful shade of lavender . 64.
GEORGE SHAWY Beautiful giant, soft orange salmon 6d. , Ll- | PASTEL BLUE. ‘True giant pastel . 64. ,, 1-
GIANT ATTRACTION. Soft delicate shade of — 6d. 1- | PICTURE. Exquisite creamy pink . 64. ,, L-
GLORIOSA. Beautiful brilliant orange.. 6d. ,, 1/- | POWERSCOURT. Wonderful giant lavender .. 61. „ 1/-
HAWLMARK PINK. Wonderful glowing pink 64. , 1- | ROYAL SALUTE. Beautiful light cerise . 6d. , 1'-
HEBE. Clear bright pink, fine ... 6d. ,, 1/- | ROYAL SCOT. Glowing scarlet ከ . 60. ,, 1-
EAN IRELAND. Charming creamy ground, picotee edge 6d. , 1/- | SUNSET. Giant rose — . 6d. „ 1-
KING MAUVE. Grand giant mauve ... . 6d. ,, 1/- ! WARRIOR. Magnificent maroon.. . 69. „ 1-

The Jabove are a beautiful range of colour.

SPECIAL.—A fine range of colour for cutting, garden effeet, for decoration or exhibition, the 25 foregoing splendid
R weet Peas. The finest of the year.
One full-size packet of each for cash, 20/- post free. One half-size packet of each for cash, 10/- post free.

OTHER 'COLLECTIONS: to suit — Garden, 5 5/6, 8/-, etc., see catalogue.

— m መ == <=

— = 4 — -— —

Full descriptive Catalogue of all the Finest Sweet Peus, Vesetuble. and ፆ Joz cer Seeds, from

HENRY ECKFORD, The a Specialist, Dept. 31, WEM, Shropshire.

AWARDED 196 GOLD AND SILVER MEDALS.

ችቹችቹችችችችችችቾችቹችቹቸቾቹችቹቹችቹችቹቹቹቹቹቹችቹችችችችችችችችችቸቹቹቾቹቹቹቹችቹቾችቅቹቾችቹችቹችችሮ“ቶቹቾ

1? ድ ትቶ ACA EE AE HE GE AE AE AE E EE EIE ዓፋ EE s
ችቕችቐቹቹችችቹቹችችችቹቹችችቹችቹቹችችቹችችቹችችችቹቹችችቹችች

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hard

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

JANUARY 10. 1925.

28

which the seeds were offered, which at the
pre-war rate of exchange. works out at
* One Penny tper packet." It is evident
that the enterprising seedsmen of our own
day who sell everything, including Mustard
and Cress and Orchids in penny packets,
are at least a century behind the wide-
awake Dutchman in taking this step.

There are at the present time about sixty
different varieties of Capsicums in existence,
which are classed under various sections as
follow :—mild and ecdible, about fifty; hot,
say twelve, and ornamental, six. While
mild varieties may be readily eaten by those
who have acquired the taste. the hot and
ornamental sorts make excellent — piekles,
relished by all who love piquant dishes.

The hottest of the hot are: 1, Cayenne,

long, narrow, red, which furnishes Cayenne
Pepper. and decorates the glass jars of
mixed pickles; 2, Tabasco, hottest of all, a

very vigorous form of Chili, with fruits
of about the same size, an excellent digestive
for Blue Point Oysters; 3, Birds Eye. or
Creole (C. baccatum), very small, oval-shaped
fruits, with a sharp, pungent flavour. * From

this fruit is made the Cayan Butter, or
what the Americans call Pepper Pots. the
best of all the spices." “One seruple put
into chicken or veal broth comforts cold

stomachs, dispels phlegm and viscous humours,
and helps digestion”; 4, Red Chili, and its
derivatives, Red Cluster and Coral Gom
Bouquet, are too well known to need
description here: 5, Red Cherry, this is
accounted by some a distinct. species from
its lateness in ripening and habit. of growth.
The fruits of both the red and yellow
‘varieties might -casily be mistaken for large
Cherries, but the taste is hot enough to
“revive a mummy.” It was sent from the
Spanish West Indies to Miller in 1739. The
ornamental varieties are mostly small. and their
attractiveness consists በነ oddity of form = and
mixture of colour (white, purple striped,
vellow. and scarlet fruits on the same plant
at the same time); Proteus, Celestial, and
its dwarf form Chameleon, are the best of
this section..

A new race of ornamental mimature Peppers
has recently been introduced, bearing yellow
or scarlet fruits of most varied and fantastic
shapes, which make excellent pot plants for
winter decoration. Prince of Wales is the
best yellow form for this purpose. and there

are three black varieties to set off the
brighter colours. Golden Dawn makes an
attractive pot plant.

Of the mild, and consequently edible,

Peppers, it will suffice. to give a list of a
few of the very best, merely premising that
to produce them fit for use they require
generous treatment, which, as they are mostly
used when in a green state. need? not be a
very lengthy matter.

Glory heads the list- a perfectly
upright variety, measuring three
length and two inches across the
The skin is a rich crimson searlet. in. colour.
and the sweet, mild flesh is so thick that
there is hardly room for the seed. Reinette
(Hort. Herb.), “Sweet as an Apple." which
it resembles in shape of fruit and of mild,
aromatic flavour, may be eaten raw or
prepared as a salad. Neapolitan Large Early
Red, is the largest, earliest, and most productive
of the mild, red Peppers, and the best for
northern climates. Chinese Giant, including
red and yellow forms, is au carly. vigorous-
growing variety. producing a heavy erop of
mammoth fruits of extra fine quality. "The
fruits are 8. rich, dark green colour. when
young. Sweet Mountain (syn. Improved Bull
Nose) is a larger and earlier Bell Pepper,
not So leafy and does not produce so much

conical,
inches in
stem end.

seed; it is a very desirable variety for
cultivation in temperate climates. Hercules,
including red and = yellow forms, is a giant,

upright-growing form, with fruits of very
mild flavour. Ruby King (syn. Columbus) is
the leading American variety; the fruits are
of ruby red colour, six inches long aad four
inches. wide at the stem end. Mammoth

Golden Queen is shorter and broader than
Ruby King: this is the best and largest
yellow variety. Spanish Mammoth, including
red and yellow forms, is in shape a blunt-

ended, elongated cone, seven inches long,
large. and of very fine quality, but rather
delicate and late.

There are many more good Varieties, but
those named above are the best for all-
round purposes. For the benefit of readers
unacquainted with the method of serving

and cooking Peppers. the following instructions,
mainly taken from Messrs. W. Atlee Burpee
and Co.'s little book by Mis. Anna B. Scott.
are appended: -Stewed Green Sweet. Peppers :
Cut the Peppers in half lengthwise. then in
euarters, Remove all seeds and white fibre ;
soak the Peppers in cold water for half-an-

hour: drain and put in a saucepan. Cover
with boiling water: add one teaspoonful of
salt; boil for thirty minutes: pour into a
colander and drain. Set the colander on a

plate and put in a warm oven. Put m a
warm dish and pour over one tablespoonful
of melted butter and dust with Pepper.
This is very good with Hamburg steak or
meat loaf, especially if Rice is used with
the meat. Stuffed Green Peppers: Take six
green Peppers, one cup of Rice, two table-
spoons of finely cut bacon. one tablespoon
of finely eut Onion, one hard-boiled egg.

one raw egg, one teaspoon of salt, a quarter
teaspoon 0! Paprika. Boil the Riee as
usual. Wash the Peppers, cut off the stem
ends, remove all seeds and white fibre, and
soak in cold water for thirty minutes.
Remove amd dry: fill with Riee prepared

as follows: Put the bacon in a frypan, add
the Onion and fry until light brown: add two

cups of boiled Rice. the hard-boiled egg.
ehopped finely, and heat through. Remove
from fire and add the well-beaten raw egg,
salt, and Paprika; mix well. Fil into

Peppers: dust top with bread-erumbs: place
in 8 deep pan: bake in. hot oven thirty

minutes; or you ean bake an /— individual
ramekins. To prepare comed beef — hash
with chopped. green Peppers, mash a sufti-
ecient «uantitv— of cold. boiled Potatos
and mix with it enough finely chipped.
tinned corned. beef and two raw eggs
well beaten up. Fry in the pan until

brown, turn over m style of an omelet. Chip
some fresh green Peppers over it and serve
hot. and vou have a health-giving, pleasant

and satisfying dish that leaves no unpleasant
results behind. S. B. Dicis.

FORCING FRENCH
Few vegetables are more highly esteemed
during the late winter and early spring than

French Beans, and although the produce is
small in proportion tọ the cost for labour.

BEANS.

those who have command of forcing houses
will find it to their benefit to endeavour to
supply the table more or less liberally

during the season referred to.

To maintain a regular supply of pods for

any length of time. considerable space will
be necessary, but as French Beans are less
exacting in their requirements. than many
other subjects. that have a place in the
foremg house. there will not be much
difficulty in providing space for fair-sized
batches where forcing is carried on to a
moderate extent. No one. who has experi-
ence 1n the. forcing በሸ vegetables will
question the statement that the fullest
measure of success will be ensured by

growing them in n structure by themselves,
but this ideal condition is possible only to the
favoured few. and the plants may be grown
quite successfully in plant houses with other
subjects.

The grower of French
must, then, shape his course according to
the means at his disposal. Tf he has the
command of light. etheienthy- heated pits. the

Beans under glass

Beans may ከሁ grown on a bed of soil, but
when grown in houses with other subjects

pot culture alone ean be adopted with
advantage. For planting out in pits it may

be said that, although bottom heat is not

production of satisfactory
crops, a genial warmth fat the roots is .ዐ!
considerable advantage. A good plan is to
make up a bed of leaves to within eighteen
inches of the glass and then cover the bed
with eight inches of soil. On the bed thus
formed the Beans may be sown in rows made
ten inches to twelve inches apart. When the
plants have produced their tirst pair of leaves

egsential to the

they should be thinned, leaving them five
inches to six inches apart in the rows. It
mere convenient, the Beans may be sown

rather thickly in shallow pans or boxes, and
the seedlings transplanted when of à suitable
size: where succeasional houses are devoted
to the crop a considerable saving of time is
effected by this. method.

For pot culture the Beans may be sown
in receptacles in which they are to produce
their crop, and for this purpose eight-ineh
pots are most suitable as they are large
enough for the plants and of a convenient
size to move about. [n sowing the Beans
the pots should be about two-thirds filled
With a compost consisting of three parts
loam and one part old hot-bed manure.
Five or six Beaus may be placed in each
pot and covered with half-an-inch of fine
soil. The position of the pots until germin-
ation of the Beans is of httle consequence,
but they should be placed near the roof-
glass immediately the young plants appear
to prevent the latter becoming drawn. On
the Beans attaining a height of about four
inches the pots should be filled with a similar

compost broken up rather finely. Consider-
able care 18 necessary in applying this top-
dressing, as the stems of the young plants

are very tender and casily bruised. Sowing
im this manner is, however. recommend d
because the plants make a considerable

length of stem, whether the pots are filled

to the usual level or not, and by sowing
two or three inches below it a top-dressing
may be applied that will give substantial
support to the stems. A few twigs should

be placed around the pot so soon as the
plants begin to. branch.

French Beans require. when iu the forcme
pit, a comparatively high. temperature, an
abundant supply of water at the roots. and
frequent svringings. .ኣ temperature. of about
ገበ” is probably the most suitable, and this
amount of warmth should be provided: during
the wholo period of growth. — Unless the
greatest care is exercised and the syringe

applied vigorously the folage will become
infested with red spider at an carly stage.
and, as every cultivator knows, this pest is
not easy to combat. After the pots are

well filled with roots the plants will usually
recuire watering. once daily, and so soon as
the plants are in bearing they may be
assisted by giving them lipud manure
alternately with clear water. In. no case
should the pods be allowed 10 remain on
the plant after they have attained a suit-
able size for the table. for not only do
they deteriorate in quality but they impose
a tax on the plant to the injury of later
pods and thus reduce the crop. The best
course is to gather the pods each day as
they attain a suitable size, and stand them
with their stalks in a saucer of water in a
cool place. Most growers bave their choice
of varieties; 1 have found Osborne's Forcing
and Magpie excellent sorts for the purpose.

W. A.
CAULIFLOWE RS.
SEEDS of carly-maturing varieties of Cauli-
flower, such as Forerunner or First. Crop, should
be sown at the end of the present month in

boxes of በክር soil and placed in a warm
frame to germinate.

Cover the seed boxes with a piece of
glass and the glass with paper until the
seeds have verminated. then remove. them
to a cool house, in a position near to the

roof-glass to promote sturdy growth,

When tbe plants are large. enough to
handle, priek them out into other boxes, and
grow them on in a cool frame. R. W. T.

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30
Obituary.

Albert Truffaut, senr. It was with feelings
of profound regret that, just as we wore
going to press last week, we heard of the
death of this distinguished French horticul-
turist. M. Albert Truffaut, senr, was
descended from a horticultural family, and
his nursery at Versailles has for many years
enjoyed a world-wide reputation. It was
founded in 1824 by his grandfather, Charles

Truffaut, who was born in 1795. His son.
Charles Truffaut, junior, ‘continued the
business until the subject of our notice
undertook its management in 1868. Thence-

forth he extended in a great measure the
operations of his establishment to a degree
practically | unknown by his predecessors.
The cultivation of Dracaenas, Bromeliads,
Crotons, Aroids, and innumerable kinds of
choice stove plants formed an important
part of the business and were made the
subject of very many handsome exhibits at

exhibitions, not only in France but abroad.
In course of time M. Albert Truffaut, senior.
gave up active participation in his famous

nursery and transferred his interest in it to
his second son, M. Alber: Truffaut, junior,
the eldest son George, as many of
readers are aware, having built up a
very fine business on his own account,
known as Les Etablissements et Laboratoires
Georges Truffaut, also at Versailles. Jt
would be difficult to follow through with
any degree of detail the interesting career
of this eminent French worker in horticul-
ture. At an early age he travelled abroad
for the purpose of enlarging his knowledge
of his profession and gaining linguistic pro-
ficiency. He came to England for a time
and stayed at the famous nurseries at
Chelsea, then under. the direction of the
late Sir Harry Veitch’s father—as he re-
minded us in his speech at the banquet
given to the foreign visitors by the Royal
Horticultural Society in connection with the
Royal International Horticultural Exhibition
held at Chelsea in 1912. Of this he was a
member of the Foreign List of Honour and
also of the Jury. Indeed, in this capacity,
M. Truffaut acted in all the most important
exhibitions on the Continent. He learned
English well, and this of coure was of
material benefit to him during his long and
active career, for he was in his eightieth
year when the call came for him to depart this
life. His connection with French horticulture
and particularly with the National Horticul-
tural Society of France, was of enormous
value. He joined that Society in 1867, and
fulfilled the offices of Secretary. Councillor.
and Vice-President. To the last - named
position he was appointed to fill the
vacancy caused by the death of another
famous French nurseryman and colleague,
the late M. Henri de Vilmorin. He was for
twenty-five years Vice-President and then
President of the Commercial Union of
Nurserymen and Seedsmen of France. How
many other prominent positions he was
elected to by his fellow countrymen it
would be difficult for us to enumerate. In

February, 1914. on his retirement fron
active work as Vice-President of the great
French Horticultural Society, he was enter-

tained to a banquet at the Palais d'Orsay

by his colleagues. It was a subscription
banquet. many friends in France, Belgium,
England. Holland, and Russia sending their
contributions towards the festive event.
Speeches by all his old friends: were made
rendering. homage to his worth and ex-
pressing 1ከርዙ appreciation of the work

accomplished by hin during his long career.
We have preserved a choice and most
artistic account of that meeting with a very
fine coloured photograph of M. Albert
Truffaut, senior, executed by his son George.

Speeches wero made by such eminent
men in horticulture as MM. Abel Chatenay,
Nanot, Chas. Pynaert, Viger, ete. We have

our

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

stated that the Versailles nursery has now
passed into the hands of the deceased's son

Albert. It is pleasant to know that there
is every hope of this famous French family
of nurserymen being continued for many

years, for M. Albert Truffaut, junior, i8 the
happy father of four small sons, of whom
it is permissible to think one, at least, will
follow on in the line of succession to his
ancestors. Our deceased friend, and we have

known him personally for nearly thirty
years and always found him to be genial
and kind hearted to English visitors at
French horticultural shows, was the holder

of many honours and an officer of the Legion
of Honour.

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

ADVENTITIOUS LEAVES: 41. G. L. In the
example you cite the leaves would not
be adventitious, as their origin would be

perfectly normal and would arise from the
stem of the plant. A disease muy destroy
the foliage but the new leaves formed
below the affected parts would be produced
from latent buds just in the same way
as new growths develop when a plant is
cut back or pruned.

Cepres Ligani: W. R. B. We have no
records of Cedrus Libanii and Cedrus Deodara
being poisonous to cattle, and it is very
unlikely that they possess poisonous properties
in the same way as the Yew. For many
vears these trees have been fully exposed

to cattle and horses, and had they been
harmful the fact would doubtless have
been recorded.

CYANIDING. A VINERY: 41. T. W. The

quantities of materials required to fumigate
a vinery with hydrodocyanic acid gas are
one ounce of sodium cyanide, one-and-a-half
ounce of sulphuric acid, and five ounces
of water for every two hundred cubic fect
of space. Full particulars are given. in our
issue for November 22, 1921, p. 362. For tender
plants, such as Begonias, the above quantities
should be used for five hundred cubic feet
of space, care being taken to perform the
operation in the evening previous to having
kept the plants on the dry side for a
day or two.
DISEASED APPLE NHooTs: R. R. ለ. One
or two of the shoots were affected with
canker, but this does not appear to be
the entire cause of the shoots and spurs
dying, for examination did not reveal the
presence of either fungus or insect pests.
Cut away all dead shoots and burn them.
In the spring, two three weeks after the
blossom has fallen, spray the trees with
summer strength Bordeaux mixture, repeat-
ing the operation about a month later.
DwaRF-GRowiNG EVERGREEN SHRUBS: Weekly
Reader. There are ዜ number of evergreen
shrubs which will doubtless prove effective
and at the same time help to sereen the
Lily pond. Of Conifers there are Abies
balsamea hudsonica, Picea excelsa dumosa,
P. e. pygmaea, P. nigra Doumettii, Pinus
Ntrobus nana, Cryptomeria japonica nana,
Taxus baceata nana, Thuya oecidentalis
globosa, T. dolabrata nana. Juniperus com-
munis compressa, J. virginiana compacta,
and Pseudotsuga Douglasii nana. Among
dwarf evergreen shrubs. other than Conifers,
are Cassandra calveulata nana, Berberis
Darwinii nana, B. buxifolia nana, Erien
scoparia pumila, Arbutus Unedo nana.,
Ligustrum japonicum coriaceum, Lonicera
nitida, Olearia macrodonta minor, Kalmia
angustifolia nana, K. latifolia myrtifolia,
Calluna vulgaris minima, and C. v. pygmaea.

E. G6. A. The
late Grape that

FAILING TO RIPEN:
variety Mrs. Pince is a
takes a long tine to ripen its fruits,
especially if the bunches are large. The
colour of the berries depends a great deal
on the care given the vines during growth.

GRAPES

JANUARY 10, 1925.

and 11 15 essential
a long growing season.
little earlier. and apply a dressing of
lime im winter or early spring. Give a
good application of wood ashes when top-
dressing the border, and from the time
the berries Commence to swell until colouring
takes place two or three light dressings
of sulphate of potash will prove beneficial.
Continue this treatment a second season
and pay careful attention to the pollination
of the flowers; thin out the berries early
und do not overcrop.
HELLEBORES FALLING TO
Reader. It is difficult to say why your
‘Christmas Roses" fail to flower freely.
unless it be from the necessity of trans-
planting them, as they take several years
to become re-established. As you have
succeeded with them in the past there
seems no reason why they should not
flower freely again once they become well

that the vines enjoy
Start the vimes a

FLOWER: Constant

established, that is if they are making
normal. healthy growth. The successful

cultivation of Hellebores is very uncertain,
as they often do well under conditions
that do not seem favourable: on the
contrary they may fail in situations where soil
and other conditions seem ideal for their

successful cultivation. This we have known
to occur in gardens separated by only a
few miles from distriets where they flower
well.

IRIS TINGITANA: R. O. C. We do not think
that Iris tingitana will. foree satisfactorily
for two vears in succession, although your
experiment is worthy of trial provided
you keep the bulbs growing after they
have flowered. it will. be advisable to
remove the pots to a cooler house with a
temperature of 45 to 50, and so soon
as the foliage commences to die down
withhold supplies of water gradually. dris
tingitana rarely flowers out-of-doors in this
country from established bulbs; the foliage
growth is often very luxuriant and healthy
and the bulbs when lifted are as large as
those imported from the south of France.
The non-formation of the flowers in the
bulbs is generally escribed to the laek of

warmth in the soil during the ripening
process of the bulbs, and it would be
interesting to see if this eondition could
be overcome by premature lifting and
submitting them (9 a thorough ripening

im 8 dry room, the temperature of which
i» kept at about 70 day and night for a
period of six to eight weeks.

We think
receiving
control ot

WART DISEASE IN Potatos: SUN.
vour best course if vou are not
satisfaction with regard to the

Wart Disease is to communicate with the
horticultural instructor of your county.
Communications Received. — H. F.—J. W. F.—

Roumania.—R. O. B.—Sugarloaf—H. P. k.—J. R.

McG.—A. B.

CATALOGUES RECEIVED.

Seeds.
BROWN AND WILSON, 10, Market Place, Manchester.
ALFRED DAWKINS, $08, King’s Road. Chelsea.
MCHATTIE AND Co., Chester.
W. DRUMMOND AND SONS, Ltd... Stirling.
THOMPSON AND MORGAN, Ipswich.
W. FELL AND Co, (HEXHAM), LTD., Hexham,
NALE AND Son, LTb.. Wokingham.
LITTLE AND BALLANTYNE, Carlisle.
J. €. WHEELER AND SON, LTD. Gloucester.
THE PREMIER SEED CO., LTD.. Brighton.
«ዘ. N. ELrISsON, West Bromwich.
WATKINS AND SIMPSON, LTD.. 27, Drury
(Wholesale).
ALEX. DICKSON AND SONS, LtD., Hawlmark, Beltast.
COOPER, TABER AND Co. LTb., 90 Southwark Street.
ኣ 1. 1. (Wholesale).
W. ('[ ፐዝዘ!=ቨ AND SON, LTD.. Barnet, Herts.
FIDLER AND Sons, Reading.
FISHER. SON AND SIBRAY, LTD., Handsworth, Sheffield,
UrPSTONE-, 55. Church Street, Rotherham.

Lane, W.C.2.

SARTON NURSERIES, የጋ,
Lincolnshire. —Roses,
Foreign.
M. HERR, via Trivio 24-36, Naples.—5eeds (Wholesale).
STANISLAW PRZEDPELSKI, W. Plocku. UI. Tumska No. 0.
Poland.—Tree and shrub seeds.

THE Spilsby Road, Boston.

JANUARY 1925.

160,

MARKETS.

ግታ. ዝ-ዴ ዴዴ ው ው — r—

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. Ix.

COVENT GARDBN, Tuesday, January 6, 1995.

Plants in Pots, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.
(All 48's except where otherwise stated).

Adiantum 8. d. s. d.
cuneatum

per doz. ... 10 0-18 0

elegans ... ... 10 0-12 0
Aralia Sieboldii ... 9 0-10 0
Araucarias, per

doz. - ... 90 0-42 0
Asparagus plu-

MOSUS ... ... 12 0-18 0
—Sprengeri ... 12 0-18 0
Aspidistra, green 48 0-72 0
Asplenium, — per

OZ. ... 12 0-18 0
—32's ... 24 0-30 0
—nidus ... ... 12 0-15 0
Begonia Glotre de >

Lorraine—

—32's ... 54 0-60 0
—48'& ... 42 0-48 በ
— 60's ... 21 0-24 0
Cacti, per tray,

—I2's, 15's . 250-70
rotons, per doz. 30 0-45 0
Cy clamen —

—12'8 .Q 40 0-84 0
— 18's ... 42 0-48 0

i
4
r

Cyrtomium

Erica melanthera,
48's, per doz. ...

s. d. s. d.
. 10 0-15 0

21 0-30 0

— s, per doz. 8 0-10 0
Hyacinths, in

boxes—
—white and pink,

r doz. spikes 10 60
—blue Tes . 25060
Marguerites, white,

458, per doz. .... — —
Nephrolepis in

variety .. —... 12 0-18 0
32 8 * .. 94 0-36 0
Palms, Kentia ... 30 0-48 0
—60’s * ... 15 0-18 0
Poinsettias, doz. 18 0-30 0
Pteris, in variety 10 0-15 0
—large 60's .. 50-00
—s mall . 40-30
—t2"s, per tray

of 15's . ... 26-36
Sola nums, 48's

per doz ... . 12 0-30 0

Cut Flowers, etc.. Average Wholesale Prices.

8.d. s. d.
Adiantum deco-
rum, doz. bun. 15 0-18 0
—euneatum, per
doz. bun. ... 12 0-15 0
Asparagus plu-
mosus, per bun.

long trails, 6's 2 0-3 0

med. sprays 16 26

short ,, 09-13
—Sprengeri, per bun.

long sprays 16-20

medium ,, 10- 16

short — ,, 0410

Bouvardia, white,
per doz. bun ... 12 0-15 0

Camellias, White,

per box 30-10
Carnations, per

doz. blooms 30-50
Croton leaves,

var., doz. leaves 0 9- 2 6
Datfodils, per

hunch—
— Double Daffodils 1 6- 2 0
—Golden Spur... 20 28
—Soliel d'Or .0 10- 10
Fern, French, per

doz. bun. * 13
Galax. American,

green and bronz»,

per doz. bun. .. -— 3.0
French Flowers—
Carnations, per

Dun TH .. 16-20
Marigolds, per pad 7 0-10 በ
Mimosa, per pid 8 0-10 0
—per bun. 1 3- 16

Narcissus, Paper

White per pad 20 0-26 0
—doz. bun. .. 00-70
Rananculus, double

scarlet, doz bun. 18 0-24 0
—Carmine, per

doz. bun 4 0-12 0

Roses, Safrano per
bun. of two doz.
blooms ...

—per pad... :

— Ulrich Brunner,
per doz. blooms

Violets, Parma,
per bun.

8. d. s. d.
30- 3060
^ t-10 0
6 0-10 0

9 0-10 0

—single, per pad 12 0-14 0
Lilac, Dutch, per

spikes... . 3 0-70
Lilium la ncifolium

album, per doz.

blooms .. . 10-50
—rubrum, long, per

doz. blooms ... 40-50
—short; , ... 16-26
Lilium longiflorum

long, per doz. ... 12 0-14 0

short ,, ,, ... 120-140
Lily of the Valley,

per doz. bun. ... 30 0-30 0
Orchids, per doz.
—Cattleyas ... 24 0-30 0
—Cypripediums,.. 50-70
Prunus triloba

(Dutch). per bun. 1 0- 1 6
Richardias (Arum)

per doz. . 90-11 0
Roses, new crop,

per doz. blooms.

Richmond 4 0-18 0
Huseus, French.

per bun. . Yu2u0
Smilax, per doz.

trails ... 20-30
Tulips. per bunch —
— Couronne POr z 0- 40
—La Reine 20 206

Mon Tresor 20-50
— Prince of Austria 2 0- 26
— Rosina... .. 20-28
—'l'homas Moore 2 30
—Win. Copland... 3 0- 5.0
Violets, per doz.

bun ... 20-80

REMARKS.—There is a very short supply of cut flowers

on the. market beyond

French
Mimosa and Violets are the leading lines.

consignments,

ot
With practically

which

no Chrysanthemums, and. these. of. very interior quality,
forced: Tulips are in good demand, and there is now a far

of colours
Datfodils are

better choice
(Golden Spur

afe received,
usual.

as

than
also
but it will be fully another. week
the season
Duteh Lilac is good and prices are easier.

there was a
inereasini in o«
betore heavy
appears to be Ja

week

ae,
(Uti,
supplies
ter than

Vegetables : Average Wholesale Prices.

s.d. s.d.

Beans, Guernsey,
por ib; M e — መ
- ፥ ና 36-50
—Others ... .. 16030

— Madeira, per
box e .. 200-50
Beets, per cwt. .. 406-250

Cabbage, per tally 6 0-10 0

Canary Tsland

Tomatos e. 6 0-220 0
Cauliflowers, per

doz. iex MEL LIU

s, d. =. d.

Celery, best. washed,
per bund — 26
—Second ... . O08 09
Obicory, per lb. ... 034 4-0
rrote, per cwt. 3 0-3 0
Cucumbers, cach 26-46
Dutch Onions ኤኩ- 96
Endive, per doz. 40-50

English Asparagus—
— Finest s (-]0 0
—]Dest 10-60
Batavia 50-40

scalas d: ids 11. | Irth and 23rd. — The lowest screen temperature of 327
Freneh Asparagus-— Rhubarb, Forced, occurred on ,w loth, and the lowest “round teni-
Paris Green -16(0-1[1በ0 . per doz.... .. 1020 perature or 26: on the same date. There were n-
Lautis-... 2. 12 0-150 — —Canary Islands 10 0-20 0 a io — Pie. frost, Nus ncn ስ one
Greens, per bag. 1 0- 2 0 — at one foo elow the. surface fe om 43? at the
Leoks ' per dor | Turnips, per cwt. 4 0-5 6 bexinning to 40 at the end of the month. Rainfall
bun 26-36 | Savoys, per tally ፣ 6-12 6 | was considerably ከ) excess of normal, the total being
Lettuce, per dozen 1 6-26 | Seakale, per pun- 3.ul inches. There were 16 official rain days. and
Onions. Valencia, net P .. 26-30 | days x m n jus A ma 04 inch),
ar . 10 0-10 6 . CN . Waving only ጸ absolutely dry days. W greatest
Parenfpe, per cwt. 36-40 Spinach, per bushel 3 6- 4 ነ | amount fel! on othe 25th and 28የከ:. viz. .64 and
Potatos, Canarv Sprouts, per bushel 2 6- 3 6 8) 0f 88 jneh respectively, "There. were .33 hours
Island, per case 15 0-16 0 Horseradish, per | OF bright . sunshine during. the month, being a little
Potatos, per ton— bundle ... .. 20-26 | over ዛካ hour of daily average. The brightest day
—Dpunbars .. 230 0-940 0 . | Was the sth, with five hours to its credit; nine
—King Edward 210 0-240 0 Mushrooms, cups 1 {- 2 6 days were absolutely «unless, and several others with
— Whites ... 900-200 0 | —boilers ... — ... 10- 1 6 | less than halt-an-hour. Although the average barometric
—New Guernsey 16-20 | Sweet Potatos ... 20-36 | Pressure for the month was normal, depressions
) i : occurred. at the beginning and end. of the month.
e>. : The highest reading of 30.272 inches took place on
Fruit : Average Wholesale Prices. the 2150, and the lowest, 28.469, on the 27th. Gales
s. d. s.d. s. d. s.d. Were experienced on. the 18th, 22nd, 25th, and 29th.
Apples— , Grapes— | These. were chiefly in the evening and late at night.
—Oregon New- ፡ —Gros Colmar ... 1 9-40 | but not «o severe as in some other parts. Snow—
OE 1: 0-16 U —Belgian Royal, the Arst of the season—was recorded on the 30th
—Newton Wonder. 6 0-10 በ per Ib. ... . 20-26 and 3lst, John Davidson, Meteorological Station. St,
— Bramley's Seed- —Canon Hall R 1) 0 Andeens. Provincial, Committee, Training College Gardens,
lng ` ለ 8 0-15 0 —Muscats 8 n- 150 Muyutiell, Dundee.
à l —Almeria, er
—Californian New- barrel i 20 0-26 0 5s :
town ... 11 0-12 6 Grape Fruit,
—Munt. per doz, 6 0-12 0 Cuban .. 16 0-20 በ GARDENING APPOINTMENTS.
— Delicious e 1] odio — Bahamas — 160 ————
—Winesap 10 0-110 cea 5 ስህ ጨር ,
EE ER Red [1 በ-|2ክ — Florida ... uc Hi EA Mr. Ted Gooden, as Gardener aud Forester to
SPORE SE ር Jamaica Oranges... 9 0-14 CHARLES YATES, Esq., Haily Hall, Hertford. (Thanks
—Nova Scotin— Jaffa Oranges ... 15 0-16 0 for Is. for R.G.O.F. Box.—Eps.)
—Stark 16 (024 0 Kent Cobs, perib. 1 0- 1 2 i
à AME ም. Lemons, Messina, Mr. William Hopton, for two years and nine months
— Pen Davis . 20 0-22 0 per box... ..=ጫ ) 10፡0 Gardener የህ MAJOR. LONGEUVELL, Belgate, Shobdon,
—Russett... ‹ጋ 0300 — —Murcia ... ... 12 0-13 0 ax Gardener to the Hon. C. HANBURY, Shobdon
—Raldwin 292 ቡ-2ካ ከሀ Oranges, Npanish-- Court, Herefordshire,
à ። ከ... -RON ] ን 0-30 0 .
— Greening e. 24 0-355 0 - MAS 014 IO Mr. A. Rawson, ior the past fourteen years. Gardener
Bananas, singles 17 0-25 0 — 3194 '። ፤ 20M 0-20 0 n n late n — a. Western bodge,
' — — Pears, Belgian, per ,11የ1ቪዝ1, as Gardener to Mrs. T. JONES, Copsewood,
—doubles ... . 1ያ 0-22 6 ሸበ -180-130 Eaglescliffe, Co. Durham.
‘ali i ሁክየኣ--- "nes 3 ሀ- 00 ን ;
( alifornian Pears E h E i Mr. B. Turner, ior the past five years foreman at Acton
— Doyenné du l cw Toe URS Place Gardens, Sudbury, Suffolk, as Gardener to
Comice, j ease — 2000. Apricots, 140-230 ሺ. ADAMS ELLiss, Esq., Greenwoods,” Stock, Essex.
—Winter Nelis, — uo Phmns . 20-80 | Mr. Stanley R., Gammon, ior the past two-and-a-half
per case... አ ያ መ. Tunis Dates, per years Gardener to Capt. WALTER STEWART SAVILE.
-—Beurr.4d' Anjou — 300 doz. e. 3489-30 Ven, Milborne Port, Somerset, as Gardener to W. H.

REMARKS- —Trade conditions. have been quiet. during
the past week, whieh is not unusual at this season of the
Sear. South African truitz, consisting mainly of Peaches,
Plums. and Apricots, have sold fairly well. Apples from
the United States and Canada are not moving with much
freedom and are inclined. to be easier in prive, Hothouse

Grapes are quoted a shade firmer in valne. Pears from
California, such as Doyenné ብክ Comiece. Winter Nelis. and
Beurre d'Anjou, are selling fairly well. Grape. Fruit is
fairly. plentiful and quoted at a moderate figure, Oranges
are plentiful and. comparatively reasonable in price. Hot-
house vegetables, jneluding Benns., Asparagus and new
Potatos, are searee, and at the moment somewhat costly.

Mushrooms are in ample supply for the present demand
and are. cheaper. Cueumbers are very high dno price,
supplies being short. Tomatos from the Canary Islands
are in Variable condition, and quantities are such that
values are at a dow level Green vegetables are not so
abundant, and have hardened in price; Salads are shorter

and quoted. higher Phe Potato trade js steady with
Supplies equal to the demand.
GLASGOW,

The era of short supplies and high prices. continued
to the end oof the vear. and the little trading in
eut-fowers that took place after the holiday — on
January 1 witnessed. a sharp decline in values. When
the seareitv Was most acute Carnations advanced to

1፡ 4 per doz., and within a week values reacted to 1-.
Other blooms are similarly affected, although in a less
degree., Heston White and Winter Cheer Chrysan-
thems. which made 39 to 4- for dropped to
16 and 15, while Willigm Copland Tulip. atter vielding
6- for were otferdi t 3- and 4-.- When there
is such a wide fluctuation, average prices cannot be
taken as ano indication. of values. but the following
quotations which ruled. at the close are a fair index
of the New Year market conditions. The Chrvsan-
themum season ኩ about over, but Heston White
ranged from 1] - 10 16 for 6s: Winter Cheer, 12 to
L8: Wilcox, specials, 2- to 26: medium, 9d. to 1 -.
Narcissus brought from 6- to S- per doz.: Arum Lilies,
2- fo 76:7 Smilax. 26 to 3- for long bunches. and
l- to P6 for short ; Mimosa, ፲- to 9- per pad: and

English. Violets, 2- ከሠ) 3- per doz. Tulips averaged
F3 to 17 for Thomas Moore and 3- to 4- for William
Copland for 6s: while special white Hyacinths brought
l- to 12. and pink and blue, 1- to 14, Pans of
Tulips and Hyacinths are now ከከ less demand at 16
to 2:3 cach.

The fruit section oof the market
far Apples are concerned, prices
and /-— unchianzed, Oranges are dearer, however, and
Sunkist brand made 28 - to 30- per case: Mandarins.
16 to 26 per tray; 9- fo 11- GRON), Sinvrna Fiss,
averaged 86 yor ten Tbs, While Grape Fruits from
Jamaica and Bahamas sold at Ix- to 22, and 166
to 2l- per ease respectively,

(ላ,

Us,

quiet, and, so
remain steady

is

as

THE WEATHER IN DECEMBER.

and abnormally mild
frost, summurrises the
1924, The anean temperature ot 45.5 abont 6
above the normal, the inean maximum being 4s
and the mean minimum 39. The highest. temperature
at oof Was reached on the ISth. with 252 on the

A WEP
absence of

singular
December

month. with
Weather for

is

|
|

Bisot. Esq.. Farley Court, Farley Hill, Reading.

Mr. Herbert S. Bray, [ the past eighteen years
Gardener to the Rt. Hon. LORD HAWKE, at Wizhill
Park, Tadcaster, as Gardener to the same gentleman at
Hutton’s Ambo Hall, York.

BENTLEY’S |

Wholesale Manufacturers

of over 100 proprietary specialities

for the Garden.

A

Write for detailed illustrated catalogue to:

JOSEPH BENTLEY LIMITED

Chemical Works
BARROW - ON - HUMBER, HULL.

S

E ሚከ ከከ ከ ME HE HH HE HLH HE D HN

FERNS AND FERN CULTURE

Mr. J. Birkenhead's little book, so fascinating
in its simplicity, and in the completeness and
clearness of its information, can still be
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iH Lii. iilii

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Everyone who loves Ferns should have a copy
of this little volume, which is worth far more
than its very low price.

GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, LTD.
5, Tavistock St., Covent Garden,W.C. 2.

SA ENP i EO Te PY 1|11፳፡. ye
lys 01,5, a Pe) H8 qr dA

"ዘ

AN

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4.
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i

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THE BEST. AND
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SPECIAL: POTS
far Roses, Vines, .
Clematis. Orchids, aod

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dk rite jor Ba ባያ Catalogue.

oe WOOD & SON, L?
TAPLOW, "BUCKS.

' pons Bitentaasó 8134. ‘Biama Gardening Tapii ^

SANDERS
ሪል: dh Evo
ST. “ALBANS:
~ hots just reci deb 384. —
OSMUNDA . FIBRES
Last: Ain TE Auc an US DEVE ምከ 6 አባራሪ በሦ ላ. 6: per ወዷ
አ: ዐው Sab han አዘ EE ee 2U Hs deg |

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Largest Manuta: anni.
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MATTING in Stock BH

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GARDENERS

— — — — — —— ኤን ባን

| FRUIT TREES

——

Now 5. the jte. plam xs
| pend. canes, E “welcome :

|
|
|
| ; pm aaa |
|

nme.

Thomas | deste & Son «ld,
ሺ “The Nurseries.
SAWBRIDGEWORTH, HERTS.

Station: x Hae) ፦ N. E 8..

Ne 22e E Don't Baro. Your. i |
GARDER "RUBBISH

Makai
SYNTHETIC.

St By te A D Cc € Process | |
| i (Patented 4n “ihe United Kingdttn - and: Abroad).
C Atthis time of year theró 15 nttex at 5ዐሮህ78ሠዉ- -

ston of ded Jeaves, clearings trom herbaveóua .
;. hordes, and otter resistunt material, while lite. ..-

COn (eine ot material to the — * est,
Standard = 0ር0.
should be used = 7115 18.9. more d ul heteri ^

rotting straw, aiid. denves, stad
*ሩ881ህ with thie -aditition af water amy:

Stane
dard A Bes

"has beex use will ubmeiüsc: 0

An. ult parta uf the wor

nants and nearest Goods 5

| ADCO, LTD.

Invite Inspection of their Large —
aned Stock. of.

‘ORNAMENTAL

TREES.

AND

SH HÜBS,

FOREST TREES, CLIMBERS
ብ. neluding: ahari ‘Gelwheated.. Clematis)...

M FRIT, TREES, ROSES, ; 4.
ክ PEATEOS AND ALPINE. PLANTS. ps

| 200, eter : sf Block 362 Select from
| Catalogues Free - “Application | um :

i LANDSCAPE GARDENING | Zo
j | 1 ESTATE IMPROVEMENTS.

CHR RO; NI e "LE:

ማመ — — — Te a —

* 1 4
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ity, ያልህ IN. EE . i dur Arie ai ሞታ o ደር ም t tope — .
dp rte Lr ba rti —— — — mv ጾ 7 SOOO TAT: >ne è " í ፣ TE
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3 ría ait . [ES DM n + A" À የሚ et r ገ።

ጊ — —— መ **
ለኝ ክመ «

a Wire: for our list of. Garden ለያየ ond.

OF 80 green. refuse 1s'available. Tu deal with tnis. UE

|. HARPENDEN, HERTS.

- stimulant than ADU: Agcelerator, eapsble of As ut
ks. “OLE; 2389... 4

| FARMYARD MANURE |
|
|
|

success by Farinera Fro (10978. ከ80 Planters. Ante

V your Dealer doot not stork ጸይከ0 write ህድ 16 va, ——
wg ከኬ tatin.

d ewi Standard ADCO makes Three Tons
GER tu 6! 5 56 Ies 1 1/8: “4 መላክ. 20; ORC
Au Carriage paid. : ሪሽ cuin wu order.

| 80, Harpenden, Herts. !

GED. JACKMAN & SON ! ex ጃጁ

| ። Woking | Nurseries, SURREY,
ali
|
|

—— — ጋ eer ው —
# ዯም BL "ም. ኣግ xe

s 7 4 E
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| aoe COKE #2
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Aas —— PT ——— —
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— Gat Southwark 5. London, SEL:

: ENA du, 392^.

: Ip | Fertiliser

- ር BEST ON TRE: MARKET.
NO STABLE: MANURE REQUIRED.
Fot- digging ih: Ot-ss-4 top dressing, © For
Kitchen: — pr Herbaceque Borders. —
.፲ eet, 1/5 3-ርዌ., Ger 28 185. Wd ms. der
per: ion. A ደ Paid

: -MATR MATES MATE Y MATE! Y
E ከፍ Russian ESIA Mita, iy jit tyi በይ, 598, ju 66%

3 የፍ Hessian, Mais, afr. brit: $n., 3/- each,
/138/- doz.

— — A ⸗

— — — t ok — Re

; “ያበደ ‘BORDER 698ዩ0ህዘር. un
COARSE | o ar: Mew orders o |

| FINE fer: Wenovuting id Bouter.

፲ 28 pec 280: ር 4. perton. Carriage Paid.

: spar. A uS Vine Borders ጀር ssh rart taxed of

4 ጀ፡፡ ገ * x4

2 06663 Can Giyera prices, on application.

ae T ሀ.
there

-ing the rocis, and, mix powt. Vine Bord
Compound with each ton: goud Fibrous Los

— — — — — ⸗ — — —

WINTER. “WASH for Fruit. Cres.
; 4 fus de prepared from: she re
‘brated Canadian Apple Grower, wit is noted.
per his, clean fruit and evchurds- 1 gal. 085;
‘Cans. included: Carnage: paid

"GARDEN SUPPLIES AY. LOWEST PRICES.

ge i ፳ gals. “i! 45. ጩ i

Horitculftural Sundries. Bree on ‹አዕቦናሪ ወዱ

| ; NW ILLIS Bros. MAREEN ዐፎፍ Ltd.

luec WILLMOTT.
9 ^ Rival Plant Sue M
Bi Oo Patented No. 19979 7
Ae dedi in Royal: Polanie tar.
dens. Frai planta: fil
it vet ret, want. mui or break.
toc ደክ ህያ W vives 2]- pont free.
4. LI BREENWODD. F. E. 8.5.,

16660. < ——— ሐዚ

-Grebnhop * Frame EAE
Irani *$. "5 8.:.፻!1089.-.

coo erg Mustrates Catalogue Wo, 187 መህ (ጠፈ
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eve, On DeeerY rede = Silver-leaved C TUE BON "^ xU, አ 22 8 xU ፣ ri P —— — 5 ich.
= Scarlet: 319668... .. (o — zl X. 3 በ. pte. UN car" ese
M«DOUGALL, AND Eom Int TOO ፲፣ | Brillar $ p WE y » $ = QUA!
ROBERTSON, Lore. = -Rair ERTE ት ው አራ See: b * TETE ; = “ረጅ. UE. BATTY,
58:98, PORT ሄዮክጄኗጄ ና), m dian RAD Uer —
MANCHESTER =. em t huis — E ‘Skelton. ‘Castle Bardon — —
= Walmen dust — SKELTONAN-CLEVELAND, Yorka. os
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ሚሜ e ti X iret duri - ef $ — tin 0.01 pe Wieorime Cone ^
Du IY NE UIS. FORSYTH, | — ዛዛ ENDS i FUMIGATOR
T ተመክ EOS E Se hea s “py TTE SEL UTON BE Ds. Gm Y R Bu i $ à à Tits es rix. ርዴ
A 9 e em 88889) ARR — I sll " 7 ERNY tt ን ፡ tt au dest: einn tee! ! etia Tg ado —
M " Yellow - Pink" 2 MEL. 36 2 pomt sirier or ar a)
3 — — — ያሌ ይመ ኤ.መ.፡.፡፡፡ ፡፡)ክ My 4. — CRD $ “ዩቅ fast. rod. ፥ Ne. e FO}

zi E: ; PHR, d; by ፡ nest. 4:26 Ny 3. 57 ነ "ty rise ከ ቋን 1/55.
dee icd RA Jute on werte Shtate —— E FONET ————
Sweet 'ea. CE 2: id ve yt | PU. AES ZA A ረቅ ts 39.17 «ሃይ ሃዬ; .
— ዲንም wh ወ0ጸጾሄ * FD. Shed Thame, London, 8.E. 1

PLANT n S 1 M. av. ah: RIR AREA * ‘Guide, » at. kde fontains | =
’ vov uk Peat. 17ኮ፡59-ባ65፪ Contention, ተከ ው t 5 New Varieties |

ae " án \ 9t. )922, for ቹ57ህሀ1(6ያ8-- eb VPE | ም መ — —
SUNSHINE ' in your Garden K^ CM. 'ማከ፡-- alih gene | ot qe — aris jl | A Re PSE

4 & Xn ቦክ { TH ; , |

Buy. it from your Seedsman jam etus Mantis nt decent Tntsodaetion, |
a» : 2
J j 100. Exhibition and Bedding Varieties. Pansies, v

V
1 du ali. 360 M arieties, 811. 881/83. : 4
—— 20 Varjetiós - Named - Scotch, from ben. Taser. LINE s

iigus 6! wer 200. የጸብ; ail Rertions: de K HS. a ka Y Di 31 po os
መ s s ardeners’ iary
“The Large AREA Grower Ginko & — | 1] Pepa, eic, ato:

^ = i : pis —— finest double - named, » semi ~ death) ee
NOW READY.
Pioners. ot Phe “Meieatifies Methods _ eA n WOOLMAN, Shirley, Birmingham

| ጸበባ." #8; in separate: ፡ lares Parder. Camationsy,
E ve handy: Size for the pocker.-
nf ‘Orchid: Seedling Raring: EN

1 | 53 f. 196 እጸ Wing Siivet var dmn d
d Beanna, | *
` CHARLESWORTH. & ር0. LTD, duas TURF LOAM.
5 HAYWARDS “HEATH, ‘SUSSEX, . 1.ጧ
1 Very Fibrous. “በል Turf Loam
VOUS dae c ን BORDERS, . CARNATIONS, ay

ዣ
ው rn 98/79 9 Pal i ሠሩ ሎት ቁላ በ ፍው
፥

— —— —
- ; ቁ ari
ረ ዕ'ጐ "ue

‘Pear NATA qu. PRISO Varieties: Piblaiua pls. E 4 -

! aris witty peat. at hack, 8፲፳: des ደ ከ ረ
patent. «sett vopengüp- rov.

: 3S s Price. 2 /ሯ- መቋ ያፎ. 1 ያ ነ i a
GARDENERS: CHRONICLE, 66. MENS

— A E

——— Garder, W: 4 ^3 aia

— — AS US oh ae ወሚ ar eee 2 ከሎካ
— —— — — SS — — c E —— OO ገደ ን ውጋ ~

—

= —— ው
፡ | — — x

ጨሌ ra 4 Mea n ጸጻፎ

Aa cd ce

p : 808፳3, MELUNS, ርክደሃአጳክ7ዘ889/215 Se EX $
cu ORBITS JARRE ud | gie ! eS T ፲ E a !- "INMAN S.

ሬጩ፡ Gi areiage ያህሪ! te anys Station.

y ርር ቸም ———

ee asita 5 mi qun
Sicn Marve t ——6
ie Meaahanvee. uin ae 25 ከ. Park. ል ‘SURREY.

RUSTIC WORK

| Sema Houses, Seats, Fences, Arches, dee. À
RUSTIC. WOOD FOR. GARDENS.

Reval Works STRETFORD.

Ving, Plant pu — Foods —
‘the | Mun f of 831. purposes.
Facta which nnot be diaputed. |
ጩ BO; dew. 36) deest. O/a- Carriage: gei.
= ec Benen. n setis e ይሃ —

- ሄቪ Kisas Kanit thls ደህ

es —— emo
11 NEGO ሜታን) —
th ጅሙ.ፍ ey ም comet
- ኤራ re ans C b ፈ. ` ሯ -
J pn ናን. P PARET d E ; አ
T K P ደ js $ — M —
* y + E S 724.
; ኤ #; "T ^C
* » — Td
መቺ ua
^ 2

EU ሠሥ
ae s

| LT "i
AME Pha 3s

Ark © t

| መ AM

P um ccr. D
ል Pur qe —— መሻ — — E

፪፻ "ነሬ ነገ cm noon E

— turtibeer e

es Trade. Mark ‘attached ta every. Bag.
3 66 by all Seotemen, or from the vol makers.:

| KIRK & CO. § .
40, Timber. Bush, LEITH, .N.B. 4

“Horne CULTURAL CENTS TAL neatins.
AND ፡ SUCTION ደጸ PLANTS !

— —— ir — — — —

ind: 17. garid be. — — LEER

(B. Tavistock. Street —

xii. THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE. . Faxcany 16, 1825

— — — — - መሙ — —

— ን == 2 ቅ .. $4 52, CT —

Wo SECOND GARDENER must | \ ANTED. vood JOURNEYMAN. for
l be expericneed Inside and Out; wages ጋህ -- : Inside, and -assist with Outside fruit; state
Apply. giving Tull particulars of experience, with
mierenees, to SLOANE, Tudor House Gardens, Tudor
Road. New Barnet.

| \ ANTED. smart SALESMAN for the
Nursery; must have good general khnowledge ot
experience: wages, with bothy attendance: duty 4- plants and be capable of advising customer: a know-
extra-—C. MeIN ROY, Euston Hall Gardens, Thetford. ledge of floral work would be an advantage: a progres-

|

1

}

We experienced JOURNEY MAN
for Pleasure Grounds

- sive position for a smart, capable man, with general
knowledge and experience.—Apply in writing, giving full
particulars and salary required, and address letter to
Sales Department, WM. CUTRUSH & SON, LTD. The
Nurseries, Barnet, Herts.

!
ab GARDENER wanted: one with | help inside when required :
experience of both Inside and Outside work: duty 2-7: state age, Wages required, with bothy, ete.:
copies refs.—W. 11#ሯሏላ1:1). Kirklington Hal Gardens,

Southwell, Notis.

cottage found.—Apply. stating age, experience, and
wages required, to JOHNSON, Stansted Hall Gardens,
Stansted, Essex.

OREMAN, Inside, married,

_ once. Will any Gardener recommend thoroughly | required: state wages, with bothy; no aftendanee- 7
reliable man as above, with a good knowledge ol | Apply to ነነ. B. PORTEOUS, Fountain Dale, Blidworth.
|
\
1

— — — — — —

Gr ED TRADE. Wanted, Smart ASSISTAN’E
KJ [dor Vegetable seed Counter. State WALES,
references. COUNTRY GENTLEMEN'S ASSOCIATION,

ANC S JOURNEYMAN. age 20 or
Letehworth, Herts.

required at over; Inside and Ont experience: reference

all branches.—A. CARVELL, Great Maytham Gardens, Near Manslield, Notts.

Rolvenden, Kent. FOREIGN Seed House requires YOUNG

4 MAN well trained in vegetable and flower seeds .—
Apply with = full particulars to S. W. B, Box 22, ጋ.
Tavistock Street, Covent. Garden, WW. 2.

ፌር — ——
W ANTED. experienced FLORIST: male.

high class trade; full rticulars, references, anid
wages expected, to R. D. D., x 17, 5, Tavistock Street.
Covent Garden, W.C.2.

KITCHEN GARDEN FOREMAN., with Wa IMPROVER: Inside and Out:
ሠ ህብ d neatinse cone ive in bothy.—Partieulars to J. R. FRANCIS.
experience gained in good situations: able to live 11] 1

produce a succession oi well - grown vegetables in Oakly Park Gardens, Bromfield, Ludlow, Salop.
quantities ; knowledge of fruit growing, pruning, ete.: a QE : JA
state experience, references, and wages required. with |
cottage.—Write K. G. Box 20. 3, Tavistoek Streef, |

We. IMPROVER. for Inside and
Out: bothy. ete.: duty and overtime paid
extra. —Please state wages expected and particulars of
experience to T. SPENCER, Goodrich Court. Gardens,

Covent Garden, W.C. 2.
W ANTED, thoroughly experienced man | Ross, Herefordshire.
to take charge of herbaceous borders, flower- — — — er c
1

——— — — —

W ANTED, an experienced MAKER-UP.
to devote the whole of her time to first-class Floral

work: able to direct. the staff during the absence of

Head.—WM. TRESEDER, LTD., Nurseries, Cardiff.

SITUATIONS WANTED

Twenty words 28., and Gd. for every succeeding
eight words or portion thereof. (Advertisements at

FOREMAN on lawn; good cottage.—State wages to ;
J. MACDONALD, Leladene Gardens, Dorking,
surrey.

Wea experienced MAN, to take

charge of glass; usual fruit and plants: wages |
ጓ8-: good bothy and attendance : must be well
|

ing shrubs, and climbing plants, also act as l W A XT ED. I M P R€ IVER, ( Jut side. age
15 10 20. able to take duty: wages 24e

per week: bothy, milk. and vegetables: duty paid.

Apply. D. CAMERON, Holdenby. Northampton.

EM RN

E መ መ
W ANTIED, MAN, married. to drive Ford

motor lorry and attend boilers in mansions: good
wages, rooms, coal, aud light.—Apply by writing to The

recommended by gardener.—DURNFORD, Broadhanger |
Right Honble. KARL SPENCER, Althorp, Northampton,

Gardens, Petersfleld.

... ርር አ ከ Se E E E LLL
ነ a good MAN with knowledge

of Rock Plants for wall garden. Wages 37,6,
bothy, ete.—E. WISE, The Gardens Oakwood House,
Otterbourne, Winchester.

JANTED, SINGLE MAN: Outside: | TRES | : -

W knowledge of mowing: bothy, ete. duty: state | ሽ o D aid ከቲ. R Pk b
x H A — ). \ í . l " í H "exl t J te 8 P i 3 s V. E . S à N { እ)
wages required.—A ADAM, Hindleap ERN: i age, experience, and all particulars, DOWNER, Drayton
|

ihis special rate are only accepted direct from
gardeners and nursery employees.) Fee for having
replies addressed to this office, 18.

Nussex. ; ; "
Manor Nurseries, Chichester.

ር መር ርመ " E
Y TANTED by Hinckley Bowling Club, — — —

i DAD Cumberland. turf ; experience of ROPAGA'TOR. Wanted, ክ reliable man
snch turf exsential—Apply, stating wages and enclosing P with first-class experience in producing Choice
copy of recent. testimonials, to R. Bl RGESS, Hon. Sec.. | flowering. hardy, and half-hardy shrubs, climbers,

131, London Road, Hinckley. ete, under glass. Kindly state age. Wages. references,
_ . married or single.—V. N. GAUNTLETT & CO.,
LTD., Chiddingfold, Surrey.

PRIVATE.

— — — — - — — —

—— . - — — — — — — — — — — — e

EAD GARDENER.-BAILIFF seeks re-

engagement; thoroughly experienced in both
departments; control of staff, accounts, ete.: lett
through estate being sold; excellent references irom
late and previous employers.—BAULK, ህለ, Midmoor
Road, Balham, S.W.12.

\ 7 ANTED at once. good MAN to take

LEAD in Pleasure Grounds ; must. be thoroughly
experlenced and have excellent testimonials: good cottage
and electrie light provided.—sState experience, age, ete.,
and send copies of testimonials to AGENT. Chapel
Cleeve, Washford, Som.

\ ANTED., fully -qualified LANDSCAPE

FOREMAN for work in France: knowledge. of
French desirable.—Apply, with full parriculars, Wages
required, ete., to ዚ WALLACE « CO., LTD., The Old
Gardens, Tunbridge Wells.

AN wanted, chiefly for Lawns and Pleasure
. Grounds; knowledge motor mower: wages 33.) - and
bothy.—Full particulars to E. G. JONES, The Gardens,
Shalesbrook, Forest How, Sussex.

*ARDENER, HEAD. The Right Honour.
X able LORD CALTHORPE confidently recommends
H. STOWE, who held above appointment upwards of
13 years, as highly skilled in all branches of gardening.
and of high character; leaving through sale of estate.—
Address, Grosvenor Road, Handsworth, Birmingham.

\W ANTED. LANDSCAP E GARDENER

(Scotland): experienced lawns, rockwork, shrubs,
ete.: able to take charge: single. preferred: to energetic
and keen man good prospects: state experience and
testimonials. —5CO'T LAN D. Box 28. ጋ, Tavistock Street.
Covent Garden, W.C.2.

W ANTED, good MAN to assist outside:
single; state wages.—W. R. POWELL, Newton
Park Gardens, Burton-on-Trent.

\ ANTED. good JO' RNEYMAN: take

charge inside; vineries. Peach, Carnations, and
other plant houses: no bothy: lodgings near garden.—
POOLEY, Buckhurst Park, Ascot, Berks.

\V ANTED, SKILLED GARDENER, single,
landscape, jobbing, knowledge of glass-work.
State age. Wage.. experience. — RYDER, Nursery man.
Stratford-on-AVon,

ARDENER, HEAD, seeks re-engagement :

T thoroughly experienced all. branches : last situation
12 years: age 45, married, one daughter, age 14: highly
recommended. — R. 1... eo A. Lay, Broadwell. near
Lechlade, Glos.

— — — —

— —— — — — —

AWO. capable JOURNEYMAN take
charge of houses: good fruit grower, Carna-

|
|
tions, Chrysanthemums, ete. State age, experience,
|
|
|
|
|

WW ANTED. MAN experienced Chrysanth.,
also Valley and Lilium forcing, for general
nurserv.—State — qualifieations and wages required. to
1 F. SPENCER & “ON. The Nurseries; Hockley,
Essex.

(43 ARDENER, HEAD, highly recommended :
thoroughly trained flowers, fruit, — vegetables.
alpines, glass, alterations, reconstruction, — designing:
conscientious; house required ; state wages.—H ORTUS,
16, High Street, Farcham.

and _ enclose copies of — testimoniah.—(C. | 1... tox
34. 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2.

W ANTED, CUCUMBER GROWER :
‘Y Charge Hand under Foreman.—RAMSBOTHAM
& CO., Bletchley Junction.

OURNEYMAN.- GARDENER. good all-
: round, E plas in Kent: Wages 35 -, with
(Quse, wood, ight. and vegetables.— Apply. JOHN
WEATHERS, R.GA., Park View, Isleworth.

(1r HEAD. seeks situation: age
ጃዝ 46: thoroughly practical in all branches: wages
expected ጋን -, with house, coal, (ር. -- MANGO
Box 27. 3. Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C, 2.

— —

V J ANTED. good CUCUMBER GROWER.

take charge: 000. feet: must be a real good
grower; permanent: give details, references, ete.. fo
CLIFTON FRUIT GROWERS CO.. York.

W ANTED, immediately. JOURNEYMAN.

about 20, for vineries and conservatory: some
experience necessary: 30- per week: bothy and
attendance ; duty extra.— A. (ነ. SMITH. Shertield Manor
Basingstoke. l

ry'uk AGENT to the Marquis of

Downshire highly reeommends W. C. GIPSON
as HEAD of small garden: life experience Indoors and
Out: age 37; married, 2 children: last situation. 11 years:
thoroughly practical, reliable and energetic: sober and
quiet: could take charge over two or three men; leaving
entirely of his own aceord.—Address GIPSON, East-
hampstead Park Gardens. Wokingham, Berks.

ነነ' ANTED. good TOMATO CHARGE

HAND: fully experienced : only good | men
need apply: permanent; give details, references, ete.
to CLIFTON FRUTE GROWERS’ CO, York.

AV ..፡ Young JOURNEYMAN. Inside:
chiefiy íruit : 26 - per week: duty extra: bothy.--
— WRIGHT, North Mymms Park Gardens, Hatfield,

3,

\IR JOHN HARRINGTON, KCMC.,
ኔ 3) highly recommends his HEAD GARDENER:
capable, experienced, qualified man; married, no family:
estate being sold.— C. RUSE, The Hyde Gardens
near Luton.

YARDENER. UNDER, experienced, wanted
for Avlesbury. to. grow Cucumbers, ‘Tomatoes,
Chrysanths.. ete.. for market ; good place for a good
Inan.—State, age. wage, and reference, to BOURNE,
Florist, Longton, Stoke-on-Trent.

Vee ብ. TWO JOURNEY MEN, with
a thorough knowledge of all. inside. fruits:
ages about 24 years. Also FRUIT FOREMAN.—
State experience, salary, with bothy. ete. to DICKSON
& ROBINSON, The Kings Seedsmen, Manchester,

— — — —

W AN'TED. single MAN for market nursery :
Chrysanthemums and Tomatoes : state Wages
and experience to ORCHARD CO.. scotby, Carlisle.

— Du 4. T. WIGAN, CB. CMG.

ኔን DSO. ፲.”.. recommends. his Gardener as HEAD
of four or more; age 26, single: liie experience:
thoroughly capable and trustworthy: character irre-
proachable.— Particulars to W A. HORNE, Danbury
Park. Chelmsford. Essex. :

Wo experienced JOURNEY MAN

for Fruit Houses; must be well. recommet leds
Wages 35 2 bothy. ete. duty 8 -— Full UIS UM
H. BACON, Mote Park Gardens, Maidstone, Kent.

— i oomen —

VV ANTED. experienced JOURNEY M eae es NE N CANADA: || = |

Pent and Phat onses Mathie ብ] a SE E AX Definite situations Ontario — Nurseries ; large Y ARDENEH HEAD : WAXEPATY EN
part jeulars to BROWN Hf Hall ne i : uty paid.— Full families : married couple for boarding bouse : Gardeners, J F — 4 ኔ« m 4a * Ot good NI NG LE.
Yorks, ^ ‘ ardens, Guisborough, Farmhands, Sail Mareh, houses ready, Applications HANDED; life experience all branehes: present

in rotation. UNION TRANSIT. CO., Glasgow. situation 7 years -- 12 Rose Terrace, Westham, Weymouth

JANUARY 10, 1925.

ARDENER, HEAD or SINGLE-HANDED

life experience horticulture > married; 37, lad 11:

disengaged: state Wages: good cottage. — DRAGE, Clip-
senes Market Harborough.

Ey Ear WORKING
Gardener Bailiff: life experience all branches,

Inside and Out, including electric lighting: leaving
through lady going abroad; excellent testimonials :
Surrey preferred, but not essential: at liberty any
time; moving expenses paid.—A. W HITING, Lakenham

Gardens, Northam, N. Devon.

G ARDENER. HEAD w ORKING, desires
p f re-engagement where several are kept: thorough

practical experience in all branches ; highly recommended:

GARDENER, or

age 33; married, one child. —GARDENER, co Mr.

Baker, 7, Cecil Square, King’s Street, M: aidstone, Kent.
ARDENER, HEAD WORKING., where
several kept: thorough practical experience all

branches, Inside and Out, gained in good establishments :
last place 11j years as Head: disengaged owing to sale of
estate; highly recommended ; single.— G. T. SIMSON. 25,
Lime Walk, New Headington, Oxford.

WORKING GARDENER

EAD in
Oxfordshire requires situation end of January:
nearer London preferred; no family, age 49; life
experience; highest references.—R. W. T., Box 32,
5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2
ARDENER. HEAD WORKING. where
others kept: life experience: six years. present
place; married. no children.—U PTON, — Drungewick,

Rudgwick, Horsham.

The Chestnut

R. J. THOMPSON,
Nurseries, Oadby, Leicester, can highly

recommend 8. GENT as HEAD WORKING GAR-
DENER, age 35; life experience ; Inside and Out,
in good establishments ; excellent testimonials from
past employers as ame capabilities ; disengaged.

HE COUNTESS OF STR ATHMORE highly
recommends W. BRAGGER as HEAD WORKING
GARDENER; thorough, practical, reliable hard-working
man; 4 vears here as Head; leaving own wish; married ;
age 39.—BRAGGER, 6, Barton's Lane, Market Drayton,
Shropshire.

NARDENER, HEAD WORKING,
married, no family, seeks situation:
rience in all branches; well recommended ;
place sold. —W INTER, Shiremark. Capel,
፤ 1 WORKING GARDENER — seeks
situation life — experience Inside and Out,
married, references,—GAUT, Paddock
Cottage,

age 40,
life expe-
disengaged ;
Surrey.

age 40: good
Linton, Cambs.

ኝ ARDENER, HE AD WORKING i
seeks re-engagement, Jife experience,
present place; good references; married, age
BLAIR, The Gardens, Soloms Court,
Surrey.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING,

life ex-
perience both Inside and Out: excellent. references ;

(Scotch),
14 vears

413,.— W.
Banstead.

age 33; married, one child: disenigaged.-— D. HATCH,

Awelfryn, Dyserth, Flintshire.

NARDENER, HEAD WORKING or
SINGLE-HANDED: age 34: married, no children ;

life experience Inside and Out. — ALFORD, Puriton,

Bridgwater, Somerset.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, or good
Seeder ር PARDED highly recommended; life
experience; 3 years her : age 33; married, one child;
— ne LLCORRE. The Cottage, 69, Stamford Hill,

WORK ING

ARDEN ER, H EAD. or

SINGLE - HANDED: life all-round experience,

including rock garden: married.— E. W. Box 18, D.
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

— — — — — — —

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING or SINGLE-
HANDED desires post : married, one child: age
30; good references.— D. PA RKER, Myrtle Cottages,

Codicote, Welwyn, Herts.
DVERTISER, holding N.D.H. and other

ፈ certificates, good all-round practical and theoretical
experience, requires situation, any branch of horti-
culture.—Full particulars to N. 1). H. 63, George
Street, 86181 Heath, Birmingham.
Y ARDENER., SINGLE-HANDED or
age 34, requires situation, Surrey preferred :
experience; good references, cottage required ;
when suited. —WHINN ETT., 17, Cottage. Grove,

surrey.
ARDENER,

HEAD.
I? years’

married
Surbiton,

G [| ኣ(፡1,1:. || ኣኣ 1)|:1) :
perience; good referenees from present
willing to be seful: cottawe wanted -7-W.

KI iddinuton, Oxon.

life ex-
employer ;
BETTS,

THE GARDENERS’

|
|

ብ ARDENER. experienced. SINGLE.
YT HANDED: seeks place: flower, fruit under
glass, Kitehen garden. poultry: single: referenees.—
MILES, Papilon Hall. Market Harborough.
*ARDENER. SINGLE-HANDED or other-

wise; can also look after car; good experience:

good references; single. — R. R. R. Box 141, 5,
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2.

NARDENER seeks situation : SINGLE-

HAND or otherw w wood reis.: age 26: married

when suited. —GREEN, 3:2. ` East Street. Sudbury, Suffolk.

ARDENER, SING LE.HANDED or other-

wise: 13 years" experience fruit, vegs.: 3 years

single-handed: Surrey. preferred; hard of hearing: 36;

single. —H. BURN, 14. Standen Road, S.W. 18.

Gee SINGLE-HANDED or other-
JU wise: age 32; 14 years’ references: married, one
child: experienced in pigs and poultry.—FILE. Roods
Meadow, Acrise. Folkestone, Kent.

NARDENER. 36,
HANDED: Inside

fruit, flowers, vegetables; married:
any localit y.—BUTLER, ( arterton,

SECOND,
and Out;

or SINGLE.

experience vines,
excellent character:
Cami Id.

SECOND requires good situation, aside or
bh 7 General: thoroughly experlenced Vines, Peaches,
General Planta, Herbaceous Borders, etc.; good "decorator :
age 24; married, one child.— DAMANT, Lexham Hall,
Kings Lynn.

ARDENER, SECOND ;
or HEAD of two or three;
11 years’ general experience ;
home counties preferred.—A. d
Street, Covent Garden, W.C.

Inside and Out,
married, no family ;
excellent references ;
Box 30, 5, Tavistock

ME GERALD KINGSLEY recommends
n SECOND MAN for Kitchen Garden or Inside:
life experience, well up in all departmente, good
references, age 28, inarried.—KIDMAN, Ashlyns Hall
Gardens, Berkhamstead, Herts.

T.- COL ONEL P OSTON w — to ——
4 recommend F. MATTHEWS as UNDER-GAR-

DENER in large place: thoroughly honest: steady:

three years! character: free now.—MATTHEWS, C hure h

Road, Barnham, near Bognor.

SITUATION required about end January
እ as KITCHEN GARDENER and Hardy Fruit:
able to take Lead: 61 years present situation as above;
good previous Fe rience ; age 24; married when suited.—
W. MORRIS, kly Park Gardens, Bromfield, Ludlow,
Shropshire.

ARDENER, 26, seeks situation in Kitchen
Garden, or Inside and Out; good experience and

references ; married when suited. `Ñ. BARRATT, The

Hall Gardens, Pinner, Middlesex.

you NG MAN, 21, Kitchen and Pleasure
. Ground: 7 wears! references; bothy: state

wages. RBass. Denmark Street, Wokingham, Berks.
EADING HAND seeks position: expe-
4 rience herbaceous and alpines: good references.

S. K., Box 25, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,

London, W.C.2.

OURNEYMAN,
fruit and plant
BRAZIER, The Han

OURNE YMAN, Pleasure
e duty: used to Atco; 5 years’ experience
6 ft.: age 23: excellent. reference.—Full
wages, with bothy, to N. DODD, The
Caldy Manor, West Kirby, Cheshire.

23,
houses ;
Gardens,

Inside ;
references, — J.
Middlesex.

seeks situation
good
Pinner,

take
here ;
particulars,

Gardens,

Grounds:

OURNEYMAN, Inside, seeks situation in
West Herts. or near; age 20; 24 years present

well recommended.—A. WILFORD, Paxhill
Lindfield, Sussex.

place ;
Gardens,

OURNEYMAN, age 22,
የ Kitchen) Garden or Pleasure
experience; well recommended ;
The Lodge, Hill House,

seeks situation
Grounds; 8 years’
Surrey preferred.—s. N.
Sutton Road, Mitcham.

M R. . C. WICKS, Mongewell Park
1 Gardens, Wallingford, Berks., highly recommends
G. BUNTING as JOURNEYMAN: Inside: under
foreman; age 22: please state wages, with bothy.—
Address as bove.

OURNEY MAN. Inside, well recommended,

e age 23; near London preferred: disengaged when -
suited.—C, FIRMIN, Druids’ Lodge Gardens, Woodford,
Salisbury, Wilts.

.. seg Inside and Out. age 26,
e single; good refs.: state wages,.—8. I. A. Box 35,

>, Tavistock Street. Covent Garden, W.C. 2,

CHRONICLE.

— — — — -

xiii.

OURNEYMAN. sceks situation in Kitchen
e Garden or Pleasure Grounds, 7 years experience,
good refs., age 23, single. —W. P. G.. Box 83, ጋ, Tavis-
tock Street, Covent Garde n. W.C. 2.

ME C. GOODC HILD,
Gardens, Alresford,
JOURNEYMAN, Inside,
(inside 3): age 21:

Tie A Park
Hants., recommends
under Foreman: 9 vears here
nomie counties preferred.

OURN EYMAN, Second (20), seeks situa-
e tion (Inside); 7 years’ experience; well recommended ;

Midlands preferred.—H. WOOLLEY, Mentmore Gardens,
Leighton Buzzard.

OUNG MAN, 21, experienced, Inside and
Out, seeks situation to gain a further experi-
ence Inside : good references ; please. state wayes.—

L. STRACHAN, 58, Parma Crescent,
S.W. 11.

Y OUNG MAN seeks
experience Inside and
fruit and plant houses:

W. SPILLETT, Sunnybank.
Kent.

bes MAN, 20,
IMPROVER, Inside,

here; well recommended.

bothy —BAR LOW.

Clapham Junction,

situation :

Out: now in
estate in the
Riverhead,

Gl years
charge of
market .—
Nevenoaks

situation us
under Foreman: 6 years
Please state wages, with
, Broadhanger Gardens, Petersfle ld.

seeks

wW AG G ean rec ‘ommend strong YOUT H,

e age 17 years, as IMPROVER: 3 years in these

gardens. —Ossington Hall Garde TIS, Newark.
J S. AW Y ER. C ous House Gardens,
e Rusper, near Horsham, highly recommends

strong, intelligent lad as IMPROVER,
with bothy; age 16; 2 years here.

EAD
H his nephew, CHARLES BERRY, in good
garden, twelve months’ experience; age 16: strong
and willing.—Apply. F. BERRY, Whitfield Gardens,
Hereford.

Inside preferred,

GARDENER dk. situation for

TRADE.

"URSERYM AN'S MANAG ER seeks position
A owing to change in firm; 25 years' experience;
expert florist, landscape and gene ral nursery stock,
travelling correspondence, ete.: excellent references, —
BLACKBOURN, Clive House, Alnwick.

N ANAGER, ASSISTANT MANAGER, or

other responsible position; single; life experience
general nursery stock, especially Roses, Fruit Trees, ete. :
growing, marketing. nursery management, correspondence,
sou ete.; reliable and energetic. mb E. T., Box
20) KO

. Tavistock Street, Covent Garden —
M ANAGIN FOREMAN, by practical
grower : — Cues., Chryvsanths., Arums, cut
stuff in. large quantities; outdoor crops for market; good
references: used to large amount of glass; single : state
wages.— WOODS, High Street, Hartford, Huntingdon.

ANDSCAPE FOREMAN;
branches.—PRIOR, 75,
Middlesex.

DVERTISER, 25 years experience
General. Nursery Stock, desires re-engagement as
FOREMAN or MANAGER; specialist in hard wood stock:
accustomed to correspondence, interviews, catalogues, ete.
STEDMAN, Nursery Cottage, Crawley.

in all
Sunbury,

well up
Thames Street,

DVERTISER, possessing sound knowledge
a of the Bulb business, with many years’ practical
experience in all branches, wants post where energy
and ability would be appreciated : methodical, good
organiser, correspondent, — and A Gardens —BU LBS.

Box 34, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden wW ce. 2

OCKWORK SPECIALIST and
BUILDER offers services ; trade

excellent refs. — J.. co Board, 1,
Highbury, N.

ROWER of Ferns, Cucumbers, Chrysanthis.

Tomatoes, Bedding Plants ; single ; 30 years,
experience ; age 48.—G. SELLEN, 1. Beach Cottage,
St. John’s Road, Haywards Heath. .

RUSTIC :
or private :
Mentone Road,

1 Ire ATION Nursery,

Cues., ete.

wanted, General
S Bulbs, Chrys., Bedding Stuff. Toms..
—CHAMBERS, 24, College Street, Grantham.

እን... MAN, 24. 3} vears’

requires situation in snall General
knowledge of bedding plants, Chrys..
references.—CHANDLER,

experience,

Nursery: good
Toms., Cues., ete.:
33, Clovelly Road, Ealing.

beso MAN, 25, well educated: good

clerical and seed, bulb, sundries, floral and nursery
stock selling. experience, desires progressive situation ;
home or abroad: window dressing and ticket. writing a4
speciality.— Write ET. Box 19, 5, ‘Pavistock Street, Covent
Garden, WC. 2.

gs ——— —

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HOT HOUSE BUILDERS,

AND HEATING ENGINEERS TO.
e በ5 MAJESTY: THE. KING

“ALSO. ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS AND JRONFOUNDERS.

JOTHOUSES: We Ara. eb — — oat many. imp ie ank
a ‘Hothouse Contracts j in seasoned "Tenkwaod od: our atock. of | Teak: |
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V LAU . EDINBURGH (Registered 865 and | Wako Balcarres - Street. is as e Ts Net
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&«& CO. LT. Li JUGHBOROUGH, |...
Horticultural. Builders. and- Heating Magda © |

LONDON OFFICE: 122, VICTORIA STREET, WESTMINSTER, swf

| Experience: extending over. -more ‘than | For ‘Heating Ranges of. Glasshouses our
| Half a. Century enables. us. 10. include |... :፡0ህ0ጸእ SECTIONAL BOILER .
vail that is best in. the design. and a -is economical in first 6955. 16. fixing. and

ment of Glasshouses | FEE sup. fuel consumption.

à oye bea Hot Water Pipes, Valven, aot Heating Acces- |
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SALEG BY ANG TION:

Wednesday Next, — 21st.
IMPORTANT TRADE SALE OF
Spring and Autumn-flowering Bulbs,

Including Cases of TULIPS, GLADIOLUS, EARLY
and LATE - FLOWERING; DOUBLE and SINGLE

BEGONIAS, GLOXINIAS, HARDY LILIKS in
variety, SPIRAEAS, LILY - OF- THE - VALLEY,

HELLEBORUS, ANEMONES, etc.,

Large quantities of

Roses and Herbaceous Plants, Fruit Trees, etc.,

together with
Consignments of BAY TREES, PALMS,
AZALEAS, ASPIDISTRAS, RHODODENDRONS,
etc., from Belgium.

M Ers: PROTHEROE & MORRIS

will sel] as above at their SALE ROOMS,
67 & 68 CHRAPSIDB, LONDON, B.C. 5.
Catalogues post free on application.

Ss eves
Sales by Auction of
BULBS, ROSES,
Ornamental Plants
and Shrubs.
Every Monday and Wednesday.

In lots to suit all buyers.

Commissions executed.

Catalogues on application.

38, KING STREET,

COVENT GARDEN, LONDON, W.C.2.

PROPERTY FOR SALE..

V ESSRSN. PROTHEROE & MORRIS,
Horticultural Auctionecrs and Valuers, 67 and 68,
Cheapside, London, E.C.2 (Established over 90 years),
have the following Properties for disposal, and will be
pleased to send fuller particulars on application :—

LONDON, S.E. (5772).—To let, Nursery,
six glasshouses, main road, rent £75 per
and loose items, £250.

comprising
annum. Stock

MIDDLESEX (5771).—Small Nursery, 2 acres, 2 green-
houses, frames, pits, sheds. Close to station, near
London. Rent £25. Price £350 all at, including Ford
van.

CAMBS. (57352).— To be let at £120 per annum, landlord
paying rates and taxes. Well arranged Kitchen Garden
of about 11] acres with range of glasshouses, out-
buildings and cottage.

KENT (5774).—Nursery to let, 1} acres, 11 greenhouses,
large hut, office and shop. potting and other sheds,
Also lock-up shop in town. Rent £175 per annum or
would sell freehold. Stock at valuation.

MIDDLESEX
Garden of
£1,000

KENT (5748).—Leasehold Nursery of 1| acres.
houses, rent £25 per annum. Tease 10 years.
include growing crops, sundries, ete.. £250.

DEVON, SOUTH (5764).—Freehold Tomato and Cucumber
Nursery, with IJ acres of fruit. Five greenhouses,

double-fronted residence, buildings. Price £2,750, of
which £2,000 could remain.

ESSEX (5765).—Freehold Nursery, |
houses, heated, poultry houses and fruit trees. Seven-
roomed dwelling house. Price £1,400; no stock to take.

SURREY (5761).—To let, small holding, with bungalow.
about 3 acres, Rent £120 per annum, yiclusive .

(5773).—Working QUE for a Market
about 100 acres, Capital required about

5 green-
Price to

acre, 3 Tomato

THE

— ——— — — — —

GARDENERS’

Pleasure or Profitable Occupation.
HANTS AND SURREY

about one hour from town.

COMPACT FREEHOLD PROPERTY

occupying a splendid position convenient for

range
and having about

station and good market. Excellent

of glasshouses about 520 ft.

6,500 super feet, all necessary buildings.

Main road
all.

An excellent opportunity for anyone wish-

frontage. Extent nearly 3 acres

in

ing to secure a medium-sized property for
carrying on a successful and productive
business, near a market town.

Price £2,250.

^ large portion could remain on mortgage.

HARRODS, LIMITED,
62-64, Brompton Road, S.W. 1.

VALUABLE LAND AND HOUSES
AT PITVERSIE, ABERNETHY.

For Sale by Private Bargain, Land at Pitversie
extending to 24 acres, eminently suited for fruit growing ;
also
House and Garden

occupied by James McPherson; and
House and Garden, Walnut Cottage,
occupled by John Benvie.
Assessed Rental, £19 2/-; Feu duty, 9d.

For further particulars apply to
HAS. P. CAMPBELL,
Sollcitor, 61, George Street, Perth,
or SNEDDON, CAMPBELL & MUNRO, Solicitors,

Clydesdale Bank Buildings Perth, with whom offers should
be lodged on or before 24th January.

| PARTNERSHIPS, FINANCIAL,

&c.
PARTNER, WORKING, wanted, for

general retail, nursery, flowers, fruit and vegetables,
landscape, &c.; established over 20 years; just taken
over more land on new building estate in g position,
twenty miles from London; capital required about
£1,000; ex-gardener or nursery foreman preferred.—
SS RT Z., Box 37, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,

|

NOTICE.

-

G ARDENERS should begin the
Ji New Year wel by joining the British
Gardeners’ Association.—Full age ool stamp, from
JOHN WEATHERS, Park View, Isleworth.

PLANTS, &c., FOR SALE.

Small Classified Advertisements. Twenty words
(or three lines including headline) 48., and 1s.
for every succeeding eight words (or line or part
. Fee for having replies addressed to
thie office, 18. Displayed advertisements, 8a.
per inch, or 108. facing editorial mater.

NLLISON’S PEDIGREE SEEDS and Scotch
4 Seed Potatoes are own by thousands of
satisfied customers. You should be included among
that ever-increasing number. Quality absolutely
reliable. 64-page catalogue, calendar and garden
guide free. Seeds, spring-planting bulbs, roses, fruit
trees, garden books, and sundries at most reasonable
rices. G. & A. Fertiliser, 5- cwt. Shallots, 14 Ib.
tj- cg. paid. Specialities: Sweet Peas and Gladioli.
—ELLISONS, 45, West Bromwich. Established 1890.

CHRONICLE.

JANUARY 17, 1925

—

HOW AND REGAL PELARGONIUMS
The most brilliant and gorgeous colours. Buy now
for a lovely display in the early summer. Strong plants
from 3-inch pots in 12 separate named varieties v.
Newer and more scarce varieties, 12;-, 15 -, and 17,6 p«r
dozen (all our own selection), sent free by parcels post
for cash or in leatherboard pots by passenger train, 25
per dozen extra.

Dahlias, pot roots, Cactus, Decorative, Pompons,
and Collarette, all at 6/- per dozen, all separate named
varieties (our own selection). Will make fine early
plants grown on under glass.

Plumbago capensis, favourite greenhouse — climber,
lovely blue shade, 1 -. Plumbago capensis Alba. |-.
Sent free per jParcels Post when 5- and upwards [ከ
value for cash with order (except plants in pots).
Catalogue free, orders under 32 extra for box and

818ፀሮ.--፲. W. COLE & SON, Westwood Nurseries,
eterborough.

ERNS! CALADIUMS ''—Begonias, Palms,

Crotons. Dracaenas, Gloxinias, Hydrangeas.
Geraniums, I Lilies, Ferns and How to Grow

Them, y od Smith, 3/6 poss free.—SMITH.
London Fern Nurseries Tandon, .W.9.
LARGE GARDEN FERNS.
30/- 100, variety; wanted
sM: Anlaki free.—
SMITH, Fernery, London, S.W,9

10( 00,00 Ye
for dividing. | Catalogues
JTIMALAYAN, Chinese and other Rhodo-

dendrons on their own roots. Shrubs, Alpines.

and border plants, Aquatics, Lilies, etc. Write for
Liste.—G. REUTHE, Keston, Kent.

INGLE BEGONIA TUBERS, Famous

Strain, 14 to 2 inches diameter ;, Pink, Scarlet,

White, Yellow; 14/- 100, 7/6 600, 2/- Dozen.—H.

COX, 159, Spring Hill, Birmingham.
YCLAMEN, CYCLAMEN, € ‘YCLAMEN
J Special strain, 3 to 5 leaves; Salmecn Scarlet
White, St. George, Mrs. Buxton, Salmon Pink
Crimson, Crimson and White, 16- 100; 26 dozen
post free. —DUDDRIDGE » Ockham, Woking, Surrey.
— ። kino ——

RIMULA JULIAE ; [ strong plants, 3/- per
doz., 20.- per 100.—H. BROWNHILL, Calder-
bank, Urmston, near Manchester.
AHLIA *COLTNESS GEM": quantity
stools for sale; any offer for 100 በ፻ less—
JAMES A. ELTON, 412, Westmuir Street, Glasgow.
RIV ATE G E NTLEMAN selling contents

of Glasshouses is offering for Sale 2,000 Geranium
cuttings (chiefly Paul Crampels), 100 pots Carnations,
112 pots Orchids, 28 pots Azaleas, 40-50 pots
Amaryllises, Fuchsias, Heliotropes, Asparagus and other
Ferns: also some Palms.—Apply MACLEOD, Green-
feld Hall, Qaleham-on-Thames.

1 POTS of Eucharis Lily
J state; 22 pota of Pancratiums,
3 pans of Coelogy ne Cristata: 1 Maxillaria :
in 9-inch pot; 1 Stephanotis in ሁ1ከ(ከ pot ;
Calanthes, damage d: 1 Eupherbia, Holy Thorn,
miscellaneous stove plants, What offers? to
DENER, Harcourt, Stanton, near Shrewsbury.

QUILEGIAS.—?2 years transplanted from
Sutton's Seeds, 30/- per 100 f.o.r, ¢.w.o.—©. J.

bulba in dry
in dry atate:
] Allamanda
94 pots A
and 2
በቁ

PYBUS, Estate Office, Holme, York. m

DUSH PRUNUS PISSARDII, 3 (3 4 ft.

18 - doz.; Ceanothus G. de V. and M. Simon, 42

doz.; Japanese Maples in variety, 42/ doz. — W3.
BIGNELL & SON, Highgate, N. 6.

L^"NGLISH YEWS, 11 ft. to 5 ft.: goo

A4 stocks.—W M. BIGNEL ፊ SON, Highgate, N. 6
ELLADONNA LILY:

doz. 10/6; first size, 5:-: second size, »
third size, 2/6, post free. so far as unsold. WM.
POWER & Co., Waterford, Nurserymen and Seed
Merchants.

OREST TREES, Japanese and European
Larch, Douglas and Silver Fir, Sitka Spruce, etc.:
grand stuff. Also Thorn Quicks and Privet. Catalogue
free.—WM. POWER & CO., Waterford, Nurserymen and
Seed Merchants.

RISH SEED POTATOES, Certified Stocks.
Prices on application.—WM. POWER & CO., Water-
ford, Nurserymen and Seed Merchants.

monster Bulbs, per

OTATO ONIONS, sound hand- picked bulbs.
per box of 10 lbs., post free, 8/-.—WM. POWER
& CO., Waterford, Nurserymen and Seed Merchants.

RELIABLE

LINCOLNSHIRE SEED POTATOES

SPECIALLY SELECTED STOCKS. ... Sharpe's
Express, Eclipse, Sir John Llewellyn,British Queen,
King Edwards, Queen Mary, Ally and Majestic.

Large or small quantities,
When writing, please state quantity required, to:

W. DENNIS & SONS, LTO.
(Dept. No. 13) KIRTON, BOSTON, Lincs.

JanuaRy 17, 19235.

GARDEN LOVERS

Write for Catalogues of ;
PROTHEROE & MORRIS
- HORTICULTURAL SALES -
MONDAY - WEDNESDAY ይ FRIDAY
67 68 Cheapside, London EC.2. Phone: Gty 2656

— — — — —— | — —— — —

MISCELLANEOUS.

AND WIRE FENCING for Gardens,
i Ornamental Tron and Wire work of every
deacription, Catalogue G.C. 150; Iron Fencing and
Tree Guards, Catalogue G.C. 65; Wood and Iron
Gates, Catalogue G.C. 163; Kennel Railing, Catalogue
G.C. 86;Poultry Fencing, Catalogue G.C. »70. Ask for
separate lists.—BOULTON & PAUL, LTD. Norwich.

IRDS' BATHS, Sundials, Vases, Statuary,
Birds’ Nesting Boxes, etc.— Catalogue (No. 3)
free.—MOORTON, 60, Buckingham Palace Road, 8.W.1.

RON

and
Copings,

TONE PAVING.—Crazy
ኦ York Garden Paving,
and other Rocks

rectangular
Steps, etc., Grit
for Rock Gardens; Flat Stone,
Rubble for “Dry” Walls. Nottingham Mari. Large

small quantities carriage paid to any Railway
Station in England. — HODSON & SONS, LTD.,
Castlegate, Nottingham.

ELECTED GREY WESTMORELAND
ኢ Weathered and Waterworn Mountain Limestone
Rockery. The finest Rockery Stone; also York Stone
Garden Paving— HERBERT BROOK, High Road,
Whetstone, N.20; and Lightcliffe, Yorkshire.

"UE eben prepared for Lawns,
Tennis Courts, Bowling Greens, etc. Dark and

yellow fibrous turf loam. Inspection invited. —
FROGLEY & SONS, Hoddesdon, Herts.
OOD TURF for sale, suitable for
lawns, bowling greens, etc. also Potting Soi.—
A. J. MACKANESS, Little Billing, Northampton.

NENUINE CUMBERLAND TURF, Red

Shale for hard tennis courts: Weathered Lime-
stone Rockery, Crazy Paving and Stone for en
making; White Spar. State requirements.—K ERSHAW'S
LTD., Garden Makers for 50 years, Keighley.

EAT MOULD for Rhododendron and

Nursery Work, 5/- bag, 25. ton, in truckloada
on rail—WALEER, Pinewoode, Camberley.

RAVEL

(Surrey), binding without

stickiness, for ths and roads, 12/60 per ton

on rail in truck. —WALKER, Pinewoods Camberley,
Surrey.

OAL, Coke and Anthracite.—Trucks to

. any station. House Coal from 16/- per ton pit;
Welsh Anthracite, 30'- : SemAnthracite (registered), 22 - ;
Semi Anthracite, ?0'-; Horticultural Coke, 196. All in
sizes suitable for any furnaces.—BUCK LE COLLIERY
CO., 59, Hales, Cheltenham.

EWAGE DISPOSAL for country houses,
factories, farms, etc.: no emptying of cesspools: no
solids; no open filter beds: everything underground and
automatic; a perfect fertiliser obtainable.—WILLIAM
BRATTIE, 9, Lower Grosvenor Place, Westminster.

C. gold medals for floral designs (three Shrews-
bury) Any price floral design to suit customers,
carriage and packing free.—Morley Arcade, Leicester.

— —

VICKERS, Expert Florist, eleven

HEAP WIRE !—-Handy for every training
purpose, including Raspberries, Peas, Beans
Tomatoes, Vines, Fencing, etc. Only 19/6 mile. Special
aes small lote. Postcard for free samples and list of
Government Surplus Bargains.—GREEN, 681, Albert
Street, Lytham.
VERY Horticulturist should read ‘‘ The
Horticultural Exhibitor," A. J. Macself's latest
book. It teems with valuable information and sound
advice for all who grow for show. 36 net of all
Booksellers—Send for prospectus of the “Home Garden
Books" to the Publishers, THORNTON BUTTER-
WORTH, LTD., 15. Bedford Street, Strand, W.C. 2.

— —

Be AND GARDEN
millan’s Primers edition), by
Published at one shilling Two copies, slightly soiled,
rice 6d. each, plus 21. postage.—ALPHA, Box 1, 5
avistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

$ —

INSECTS (Mac-

William Somerville.

Ro about 130 superficial yards
: of good lawn turf (not meadow turf), with quota-
tions for delivery, Twickenham = Station, [.S.W.R
LANE, Abbey Cottage, Twickenham.

THE GARDENERS’ CHRO: TICLE.

THE

GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

Scale of Charges for Advertisements.

Advertisements intended for insertion in the next issue
MUST reach THE PUBLISHER not later than

TUESDAY, 5 p.m.

Ordinary Facing matter

positions. or back cover.
PARE p £12 0 0 ...... £15 0 0
3-፻6ፎ6 ....... ው 6 0 0 ...... 710 0
$-Page .......,........ 3 0 8 ..... 3 15 0
Column ............ 4 0 0 ...... 5 0 0
4-Column ........... ። 2 0 0 ...... 210 0

SMALL ADVERTISEMENTS.

Including Situations Vacant, ordinary position,
payable in advance :—

First 3 lines (not exceeding 20 words) 4 0

Per line or part line (up to 8 words) after 1 0

DISPLAYED.

Per inch, single column

Per inch, across 2 columns

ኮሪ
መ)
መ

Per inch, across 3 columns

tn
band
ጨጨ
=

FRONT PAGE (no display allowed).

Per line space (headline counted as
two JIMES)....cccccsceccccececcscssece ii 2 0

SITUATIONS WANTED.

First 3 lines (not exceeding 20 words), 2
er

and 6d.
for every additional 8 words or portion t

eof.

(Advertisements at this Special Rate are payable

in advance, and are only accepted direct from
Gardeners, etc.).

DISCOUNTS, &c.

On front page advertisements no discounts are allowed.
On a series of other advertisements, if ordered in advance,
they are allowed as follows:—

For three Insertions, 5% ;

thirteen, 10%;
15%; fifty-two, 20%.

twenty-six,

All series must be arranged to attain completion within
twelve months.

Advertisers may have replies to their advertisement,
addressed to the GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE Office.

A fee of 1s. is charged for this service, and
initials, Box number and our own address must
also be included in the number of words paid for.

Cheques and Postal Orders are to be made payable to
GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, LTD., and crossed '' & Co."

5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

Telegrams: *''Gardchron,
on."

Tel ne :
Rand, Lond —

Gerrard 1542,

, undersigned not later than 28th January,

ili.

——— M — em — — — —

SITUATIONS VACANT

Twenty words (or three lines ineluding headline,

48., and 1 8. for every succeeding eight words (or

line or portion thereof). Fee for having replies
addressed to this office 1s.

Advertisers desiring their Advertisements
repeated must give full particulars,
otherwise no notice can be taken of their

communications. Name and address alone
are insufficient.
Gardeners writing to Advertisers. of Vacant

Situations are recommended to send them
copies of testimonials only, retaining the,
originals. To part with original documenta
means to run a great risk of their being
mislaid.

When addressing Box numbers, 4 ts essential
to give the initials or pseudonym, as well
as the correct number of the 502. , "

MUNICIPAL AND PUBLIC.

STAFFORDSHIRE FARM INSTITUTE.

"1 HE Sub-Committee for Agricultural
Education invite applications for the post of
HEAD GARDENER at the above Institute, Wages
“3 per week, together with house and garden.
Applicants must have had experience in commercial
gardening.
Applications,
than three

of not more
sent to the
1925.

JOHN C. RUSHTON,
Assistant Director for
Agricultural Education.

together with
recent testimonials.

copies
to be

County Farm Institute,
Penkridge,
Stafford.

ARDENER ATTENDANT, single, wanted
at The Midland Counties Institution, for the
training of feeble-minded boys; Knowle, near Bir-
mingham: wages commence £52 per annum, with board,
lodging, washing and uniform; leave of absence 1} days
weekly, 14 days annually: 2/ per day allowed for
rations when absent on leave.—Apply stating quali-
fications and experience to SUPERINTENDENT.

PRIVATE.

ORKING HEAD GARDENER and
FOREMAN wanted at once. must be very
up-to-date and thoroughly experienced in all branches,
and used to marketing surplus produce; excellent

cottage and bothy found.—Apply, JAMES PEECH,

———— .

Esq., Cantley Park, Doncaster.
EAD GARDENER (Scotch) for Braco
Castle, Perthshire.—State experience and quali-
fications, also wage expected, to J. F. MUIR,

Braco Castle, Braco, Perthshire.

EAD GARDENER required, must be
thoroughly experienced and well able to organise
work and to control staff; good salary.—Address,

giving fullest particulars, THE AGENT, Kirkham
Abbey, York.

EAD, first

four-

under ;
JOHN

class WORKING, for

acre garden in Cheshire, two and boy
wages 45'-, good house, garden, light.—Apply,
WEATHERS, B.G.A. Park View, Isleworth.

ነነ ኸሻ. GARDENER, HEAD WORK.

ING, experienced all-round: wife to help
occasionally in house; help given from two men. £3 and
good house. —M RS. ANGERSTEIN, Holbrook, Wincanton,
Somerset.

W ANTED, HEAD WORKING GARDENER
of two, married, age 35 to 40 (not over),
thoroughly competent, with good references.—Forward
copies of testimonials and wages required to FLOYD,
Northend House, Hursley, Winchester.

(continued on page xii).

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JANUARY 17, 1925.

TH

Gardeners 80

No. 1986—SATURDAY, JANUARY 17, 1925.
CONTENTS.

Alpine garden— | Glasgow. new. Professor
Philesia magellanica 38 of Botany at... .።ቺ
Primula aurantiaca ... 38 | Government Botanie

Annuals for conservatory Gardens "ES
and greenhouse dec- Hardy flower border—
oration ... 36 Apera arundinacea ... 38

Apple packing in Nova Pentstemon gentiano- ——
Scotia Mo ides , 2208

Bees and Apple Tertili- Tiarella unlfoliata |.. 35

sation... .. * Indoor plants—

Books, notices of— Codiacum .. D
I German garden ቺ Gloxinias ass WE NS

i 3t ; PARC
Oks . UU 13 Lilac, foreinz /—— ... NIE rU

NOTE or Para Nuts
Bulb garden—
Narcissus Scarlet Per-

Nursery notes—
Cyclamens at Reading 36

fection Le .. *3 Orchid notes and glean-
Sisyrinchium Bermu- ings—
diana . el 33 Odontioda Oberon ... 38
Ü none ne ከ1. ... n Odontoglossum Brote-
‘ochinea . 41. ham .. » ots
( > 32 .
— 5 5 Royal Horticultural
aud. Emile : 32 Society's amateurs’
Ferry service, the Anglo- ማጅ show fee. am» 3፡
Belgian wee È 2.33 Societies— |
Florists’ flowers— Manchester and North
New perpetual-flower- of England Orchid 4፤
ing Carnations AES o Royal Horticultural... 46

Foreign Correspondence— Trees and shrubs—

The Egg plant and Alnus viridis var.
the Pepper plant ... 42 |; mollis ... zn iom
Fruit garden, the market 43 Some chojee Oaks, 4:2

Fruit register— Trees injured. by the
The best Early Apple ? 44 recent tales... ... 4
"aardeners' Chronicle ^ Veronica salicifolia ... 41
seventy-five years ago 33 \ egetable garden— ሽ
Gardening at the Prince ከ... (ብዚ ክበቨበዮ:..፡ ር

of Wales’ Canadian | — i UO
ranch e... 490 | Week's work, the a H

ILLUSTRATIONS.

Alnus viridis var. mollis, catkins of ... — ር 41
Apple St. adc ET S bs 45
Cradwick, Mr. William, portrait of du
Cyclamen Giant. Rose Queen treated as an annual. AV
Narcissus Scarlet Perfection TS — a 4.)
Sisyrinchium Bermudiana ... m — "- m ጉኔ

AVERAGE MEAN TEMPERATURE for the ensuing week
deduced from observations during the last fifty

years at Greenwich, 301
ACTUAL TEMPERATURE—
The Gardeners’ Chronicle Office, 5, Tavistock Street,

Covent Garden, London,
10a.m.: Bar. 301 _ temp. 40°,

W ed nesday,
Weather,

January 14,
Raining.

Mr. H. V. Tavuok, Deputy

Appie Controller of Horticulture in
Packing in the Ministry of Agriculture,
Nova Scotia. who has been making a tour

of inspection in the fruit-
growing districts of Canada and the United
States, has written an interesting account* of
his observations of the Apple packing
stations of Nova Scotia. The Nova Scotian
Apple orchards enjoy the advantage of com-
pactness. They are concentrated in a narrow
valley some seven miles in width, lying
between the North and South Don Hills in a
series of well-watered valleys to which one,
that of Annapolis, gives the popular name
for all. It is probable that the seventeenth
and eighteenth century French settlers intro-
duced Apple-growing, and it is certain that
Englishmen and Scotchmen helped to foster
it. Suitable soil and climate and good
cultural methods have developed Apple
growing into the staple industry of the
district. [1 is interesting to observe that
the method of planting does not err on the
side of that common fault, closeness of
planting. The great majority of the
orchards consist of half-standard trees at
forty feet apart. The orchards, many of
which consist of trees ranging from twenty
to one hundred years old, are not in grass,
but, except where there is backwood owner-
ship, are cultivated by disc harrows until the
end of June, when they are sown with

e Journal of the Ministry of .
vol. 31.

Agriculture, December, ad,

No V.

THE

GARDENERS’

Clover, Vetches, Rape, or other crop to
shade the ground and for ploughing in later.
Fertilizers---containing nitrogen, acid phos-
phates and a little potash—are commonly
employed, and as a result the trees, so it is
claimed, produce a good crop each vear.
Spraying is practised as part of the routine
of cultivation. Most growers spray four
times a year and some more. The first
sprav to be used each year is lime sulphur,
three gallons commercial strength to one
hundred gallons of water with two gallons
of arsenate of lime. In the second and
third spraying, the same materials, but at
weaker strength, are employed, and in the
fourth, Bordeaux mixture (7 : 7 : 100) with
live pounds of lead arsenate paste to each
one hundred gallons. The large crops of
clean fruit would seem to justify the practice.
The packing of the fruit is done in accord-
ance with the regulations of the Canadian
Government, and under the supervision of
Government inspectors who certify the
results and have the right to stamp anv
barrels, the packing of which does not fulfil
the requirements of the regulations. The
development of systematic packing has led
to co-operation among growers, and in many
cases growers themselves continue to do the
packing, though in other cases they entrust
it to packing houses. Records of prices
realised demonstrate that the grading which
is adopted leads to the securing of aes
higher prices for the top grade (No. The
varieties chiefly grown are Baldwin, Blenheim
Pippin, Gravenstein, Golden Russet, King
of the Pippins, and Ribston Pippin. In
1923 Baldwin No. 1 realised $3.34 per barrel
of three bushels, as against $2.48 from No. 2
grade, $2.47 from domestic, and $1.21 from
No. 3. (ንበር company alone, the United
Fruit Company, consisting of a combination
of some forty companies, disposed, in 1923,
of 481,142 barrels, which is about one-third
of the total Nova Scotian crop. Subsidiary
industries, vinegar and cider-making,
canning and drying, have been developed to
deal with windfalls, and to such effect that
the by-products in one year (1923) amounted
to 25,000 gallons of vinegar, 91,000 gallons
of cider, 125,352 gallon cans of Apples, and
301,075 lbs. of evaporated Apples. It is
noteworthy also that the Dominion Fruit Act
makes packing and grading compulsory.

The R.H.S. Trials at Wisley for 1925. — The
Royal Horticultural Society will carry out
at Wisley during 1925 trials of Potatos
(second-early varieties only, but including
varieties suitable for salads): Turnips and
Garden Swedes; and Peas (early varieties
only). Varieties for trial. should reach the
Director, R.H.8. Gardens, — Wisley, Ripley,
Surrey, on or before January 3l, 1925. The
necessary entry forms may be obtained on
application to the Director.

Scottish Sweet Pea Trials. The
of the Scottish National Sweet Pea. Rose,
and Carnation Society has resolved to
Inaugurate trials of new varieties of Sweet
Peas during the coming season, The plants
are to be grown on the cordon System m
well prepared trenches in the garden of the
secretary at Helensburgh, and a vase of
each variety will be staged at the society's
show at Glasgow on August 6, when medals
and certificates of merit may be awarded.
lghteen plants of each variety must be
sent during the first week of Mareh, when
they will be potted and kept in cold
frames until planting time early in April
They will be grown and exhibited under
number and inspected in. July by competent
judges who have no personal interest in
any of the Sweet Peas on trial. It has
been arranged that the trials will be under

cominittee

CHRONICLE.

31
the supervision of Mr. Smellie, who has
had a long and successful record as an
exhibitor, but is retiring from the compe-
titive field. The trials are to be conducted
free of charge, the only obligation on the
part of raisers being that they become
members of the society.

Loans for the Purchase of Lime. -The
that many farmers are neglecting the
practice of liming, owing principally to the
eost, has led the Ministry of Agriculture
and Fisheries to draw attention to a system
which enables lime to be purchased co-

fact

operatively, the Government, under the
Agricultural Credits Act, 1923. being em-
powered to make loans to associations of
farmers for this purpose. It is necessary
in the first. place for a number of farmers
to agree to combine together. to form a

Co-operative Credit Society to be registered
under the Industrial and Provident Societies
Acts. Before actually proceeding to form
the society the committee should obtain an
estimate from its members of their indi-
vidual requirements of lime and make an
estimate of the gross cost (including
delivery) of the lime to be purchased and
of any other necessary handling and clerical
expenses. It could then inform the members
of the number of shares in the society
which each would need to hold in order
to qualify for the loan required. to cover
the expense of purchase, ete, and with
their agreement could proceed to register
the Society. The total sum advanced py
the Government 10 any society is limited
to an amount equal to one pound for
every pound share held by members of the
Society and on which. a sum of five
shillings has been paid. Full particulars of
the scheme are given in Leaflet No. 99,

which may be obtained from the Ministry
of Agriculture and Fisheries, 10, Whitehall
Place, London, S.W.1.

The Best Cannas.—Mr. C. W. F. Erdman,

in, an article on the newer Cannas, in
Horticulture, U.S.A., states that the finest
yellow variety is King Midas, and Golden
Eagle the second best. Of pink sorts he
considers the variety Mrs. Dupont the finest,
although Mrs. A. F. Conrad is very distinct
in its particular shade of pink. He gives
Distinction as the best orange variety, and

Mrs. Woodrow Wilson, Olympic, 34.14.
Wallace, and rosea gigantea as the finest
in their colours. The newer variety Florida

he considers a fine addition with its light
bronze foliage and heavy flower trusses of
a lovely red, shading to Orange. Of the
dwarf kinds he places Susquehanna, which
has light bronze foliage and salmon-pink
flowers. first. He has also a good word for
the variety The President, which, he states,
embodies all the good points in one plant,
“a red bloom carried just the right distance
above massive green foliage.’ Fire Bird he
places second to The President. In recent
years the cultivation of Cannas has declined
very largely in this country, which is to be
regretted, for it is one of the noblest plants
for bedding purposes and makes a fine
greenhouse subject.

Cochineal. —ot all

gardeners are aware
that the valuable dye known as cochineal
is derived from an insect pest of a plant,

allied to the green fly or garden aphis. In
an interesting paper contributed by Dr. R.
Stewart MacDougall at the meeting of the
Pharmaceutical Society at York Place, Edin-
burgh. on December 17 last, much information
is given regarding the insect, Dactylopius
606098 (syn. Coccus cacti), and the method
by which the cochineal is obtained from it.

Its native country is North and South and
Central America, and its host plant is the
Prickly Pear. Before the discovery of

aniline dves, cochineal was in great demand
and realised high prices, 80 that tho Priekly
Pear was introduced into Queensland, South
Africa, southern Australia and other warm
countries for the special purpose of fostering
the cochineal industry, At one time it was

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ot

small central leaves rubbed off when they
are less than half an inch in length. Jt
will be noticed that these form all around

the flower buds, and their removal is an
operation which calls for the greatest rare.

A fully developed plant will
of four leaves only, which, in consequence
of the timely removal of all superfluous
leaves and growths, will reach a considerable

thus consist

size. The flowers are developed on stems
proportionately strong and rarely — need
support.

The leaves are very brittle and some-

times completely cover the pot by the time

the final potting is due. This calls for
great care when the plants are transferred

to the pots in which they are to flower.

The method which I employ is to remove
the plant carefully from the pot, then,
after placing a little of the compost in the
new pot. which should be provided with
ample drainage, place the empty pot from
which the plant has been removed inside,
and fil the space round this with the com-
post. Press the soil moderately firmly, using
the fingers for this purpose, and leave it
ievel with the rim of the new pot. The
top of the smaller pot should be a little
higher than the level of the soil and. should

now, with a slight twist, be removed.
The cavity left will be a little larger. than
the ball of soil on the plant. After
dropping in the latter carefully, apply an
even pressure of the fingers. to the soil,

which will sink sufficiently to allow for. the
applications of water.

A little. practice will enable the operator
to grasp the details of this method of
potting, which can be used to advantage
whenever any other plants with brittle or
spreading foliage are to be transferred to

larger receptacles, as it reduces tho risk of
damaging foliage to a minimum.

During all stages of growth the syringe
should be used freely, as Gloxinias are
subject to attacks of thrips. When the pots
are filled with roots and buds are developing
an Occasional watering with diluted liquid
manure will help to prolong the flowering
season and also to improve the tubers.

Water should be gradually withheld in
the autumn, and when the foliage has
withered, the pots should be stored in a

warm pit or greenhouse, taking caro not to
place them near tho water pipes.
The soil should not be allowed to become

wet, but the other extreme is equally
injurious.
It is advisable to sow a few seeds each

vear to keep the batch up to the required
number. The seedlings, if well treated, will
make useful plants by September. Charles
Hodgson, Acton Place Gardens, Sudbury, Suffolk.

CODIAEUM (CROTON).

THe full beauty of the Croton is best
exhibited when® the plants are grown in a
house by themselves, as, unlike many stove

plants, they delight in an abundance of
sunshine. If a special house cannot be
devoted to them they should be grown on
one side of the stove-house, im order 10
linit shading so far as possible.

They may be propagated from cuttings
inserted in the end of January or carly in
February. The cuttings should be rooted
singly in small 60-sized pots in a propa-
eating frame with a brisk bottom-heat.

Great care should. be taken to prevent them
from flagging, and this. may be obviated by
spraying them lightly and shading them if

required, As they become rooted, air should
be admitted to the frame gradually, and
the plants exposed. to an inereased amount
of heht.

A suitable compost for these plants con-
sists of two parts good fibrous loam pulled
into small pieces by hand, one part leaf-
mould and peat in equal proportions, with
a sprinkling of silver sand, line rubble,

eharcoal and bone-meal.

THE € (ARDENERS CHRONICLE.

A common error in growing Crotons is to

place them in larger-sized receptacles than
are needed. lf shifted. from the — 60-sized
pots to 48-pots and finally to 32-pots, the
plants will make fine decorative specimens.
lf the soil when they are potted is in a
moist condition, the plants. will only need
spraying overhead at mid-day for the first

day or two, after which the roots should be
given a good soaking. Very careful watering
and airing are essential afterwards, admitting
air on fine days only and closing the house
early. Syringe the. plants, walls, ete, to
promote a moist atmosphere. Plants that
have filled their pots with roots will be
benefited by watering them with liquid
manure or feeding them with a slow acting
fertiliser.

The
seale

chief
Insect,

Croton 15 the
kept in check
an insecticide
off the house,
water early the
dast resource they
very often, unless
the leaves will be

the
De
with
passed
elean

enemy of
whieh may
by frequent sprayings
after the sun has
again syringing with
following morning. As a
may be sponged, but
special eare is taken,
bruised by so doing, especially those with
twisted foliage. fn regard to temperatures,
much depends on the weather. The minimum
temperature by night should be 65° rising
to ሃሳ" by day with fire heat. During. the
suminer, after closing the house carly in
the afternoon and giving as thorough
syringing, there need not be undue con-
sternation by the grower if the temperature
rises to 100..

Although Crotons thrive under very humid
conditions, it is imperative, should — the
temperature of the house be low in the
morning or any other time, that damping
of the paths, ete., should be deferred until
the house is at a proper degree of warmth
again. T. Baines.

ANNUALS FOR CONSERVATORY AND
GREENHOUSE DECORATION.

PHLOX DRUMMONDII.
THis popular annual, available in many
beautiful colours, is very useful for pot

culture, and for this purpose is worthy of
more general cultivation. To secure a spring
display the best time to sow seeds is from

the middle to the end of September, and
they may be sown either in a cold
frame or a low, airy pit. Thin sowing is
desirable, using at this stage a light, sandy
compost. The pans or boxes should be
covered with glass until germination takes
place as mice often prove troublesome.
When large enough to handle, each young
seedling should be placed in a thumb pot,
and when well rooted, it may be shifted

into a 48-sized pot, in which sized receptacles
eexcellent plants may be flowered.

Phlox Drummondii
watering during the
this period the plants

careful
during
position well

reguires very
winter months:
need a

up to the roof-glass in a bright airy green-
house.

Plants grown under suitable conditions
should be compact and sturdy, and require
little support beyond a neat central stake,
to whieh the shoots may be neatly sup-
ported, 18 the immediate neighbourhood of

London, ] find autumn. sowing 13 not a suecess
owing to fogs and laek of sunshine: under
such circumstances it is best to. sow during
January, when better weather conditions
prevail. Any oof the many varieties listed
may be used, but Messrs. Sutton. and Nons
offer several varieties that are specially use-
ful for pot culture, viz, Purity, Pink Beauty,
Mauve Beauty, Snowball, and Fireball. AL
the intermediate varieties are suitable for
growing in pots.

»

17. 1925

JANUARY

POLYGONUM ORIEN TALE.

THIS very graceful plant grows about thre
feet tall, and bears drooping racemes of ros-

crimson flowers, which are very useful for
cutting. As it is a quick -growing — plant.
there 18 no need to sow the seeds unul
about the middle of February. Place th
seed pan in a cool house, and when th
seedlings are large enough, place them
singly in small pots, eventually — potting
them on as they require it until they ar

in seven-inch pots, in whieh they should be
flowered. A suitable potting compost con.
sists of good loam; in this the growth will
be sturdy.

Perfectly cool conditions are
essential, or the growth will be weak and
weedy. A central stake should be used, to
which the lateral shoots should be neatly
secured, This plant is very effective for large
groups in the conservatory.

RHODOCHITON VOLUBILE.
THERE is probably no more charmm:

climber for the conservatory and greenhouse
than Rhodochiton volubile, and yet it i
rarely listed in catalogues. It produces its
flowers with wonderful profusion over a long
period, w®l when the dark, blood-red corolla
has faded, the large, pale red calyx remains
in beauty for many weeks.

Seeds sown about the middle of January.

11 a temperature of about 60, should be
covered very lightly, otherwise they mac
rot. "Transfer the young seedlings to small
pots, and at this stage use a light, rich
compost, and keep them growing steadily

without any check in a temperature of 50
to 60. Pot them on as they require it.
until they are in eight-inch pots, in which
size excellent examples, can be grown. A
compost — consisting of three-parts good
mellow loam and one of leaf-soil and sand
suits this plant very well.

Rhodochiton volubile climbs by means of
the twining leaf petioles, and should be kept
staked from the time it is a few inches
high until it may be allowed to climb up
strings or wires placed near the roof-glass.
As growth advances the plants should be
accustomed to cooler and more airy com
ditions, end when four feet to six feet in
length may be removed to the conservatory
to be trained as suggested.

Although well adapted for pot culture,
this climber işs seen at its best when
planted out in. a well-drained bed or border:
thus treated it is splendid during its second

year, for although it gives sueh excellent
results as an annual it is really a short-
lived perennial, but usually is not worth

keeping for a third year. J. Coutts.

NURSERY NOTES.

CYCLAMENS AT READING.

A FEW generations hence Messrs,
and Sons may have acquired a
for converting a large. number of popular
perennial flowering plants into annuals, or.
at least, for so altering the habits of such
plants as to make it possible for gardeners
to sow, grow and flower them within
the year. They have converted Cyelamens,
and have demonstrated at Reading that
these useful flowers may be raised from
seeds in February and flowered in November
and onwards.

Practically all their beautiful varieties will
submit to this treatment and the aceom-
panying illustration (Fig. 16) shows that
they submit in generous fashion. Lhe only
difference between autumn-sown and spring-

Sutton
reputation

sown plants is that the former are slightly
larger than the. latter. and as a natural
consequence vive more flowers. The secret

of success in the cultivation or
as annuals lies 11 the provision of abundant
heat, moisture and air. Needs are placed
three inches apart in the usual compost. in

shallow boxes, in February, and in these

Cyelamens

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33
there is a better form than we possess.
E. lusitanica and E. Veitchii are also
already strung with their paper-white and
rose-tinted bells, for which the moss-green,
plumose foliage makes such an admirable
setting.

Whilst most of the Heaths are delightful
in winter. by reason of the great diversity

in the colour and character of their foliage,
two stand out in remarkable distinction
just now. One is E. stricta, which has not
only & leafage that is quite unlike that በ፻
any other in colour and arrangement, but

the bright rusty-red of its withered flower
clusters is singularly — effective, especially
when they are wet. The other referred to

is Calluna vulgaris var. cuprea, whose foliage
is & warm coppery gold throughout the
winter months, so that an open woodland
bank covered by it is very striking in its effect,

A Japanese Quince (Cydonia japonica)
growing on an east wall in a neighbour's
garden was bearing on Christmas Day a
quantity of fully-opened — crimson-searlet
blossoms on all branches that had been
trained round to the more sunny side.
Some of the newer varieties of Cydonia
japonica are very pleasing and they give
flowers at a time when a little colour in
the garden is most appreciated. Hama-
melis mollis was equally early in our
woodland and some of the Berberises of the
Mahonia group have put up an unusually
good show, especially B. Aquifolium and
B. Bealei. B. haematocarpa and B. trito-
liolata are both singularly attractive, for it
18 at this season that their horny, steel-blue

leaves take on their charecteristic and
vividly glaucous hue. Beyond this we
cannot claim to have had much success
with these species. They have proved quite
hardy, but are exceedingly slow growers

and have not yet shown a flower.

Polygala Chamaebuxus is making a bright
patch of colour in the woodland, covering
several square yards with its rich green,
leathery foliage. among which nestle the
innumerable flowers—-both the yellow and
white of the type and the rosy-lilac and
yellow of var. purpurea. These delightful
little plants are no less luxuriant on a fully
exposed ledge in the rock garden, and being
evergreen they give interest to the rock
garden when the majority of the alpines
have no pretensions to bcauty.

Also in the woodland is a Rhododendron
that came here labelled R. Silberrhad, which
appears to be synonymous with Christmas
Cheer. a R. caucasicum cross. This, always the
earliest to flower, is already breaking into
colour. and its medium-sized trusses of
daintily-frilled, — clear-pink blossoms. which
rade off to white, are very welcome in the
early season. Normally these sbrubs do not
flower until about mid-February, and even
then they are, of course, very liable to be
ruined by frost. However, this is a Hhodc-

dendron that one is not afraid of cutting,
and its blooms are very attractive indoors.
To write of Erodiums flowering outside

at this season may suggest anything but
what is practicable and useful. But we
have a group of E. pelurgoniflorum which

is not only ful of flower, but its pale-
green, silky, Pelargonium.like foliage and
many blossoms are as fresh and unspoiled

by the storms of the past few weeks as if
the plants were under glass. Even if this is
not a choice species it is well worth a place in
the mixed border or rock-garden. It grows
about one foot high, thrives here in the
poorest and driest of light soil and it is
said to be just as content in a London

clay! The white flowers are one inch across
and faintly lined and blotehed with rosy-
red. The normal flowering period is spring
and summer, but our plants are rarely
idle in that respect. In some gardens this
Erodium produces self-sown seedlings freely.

but it has not yet done so here. The plant
isa native of Anatolia, where it grows on shady
rocks and among caves at an elevation of three
thousand feet above sca level. A. T. Johnson

HARDY FLOWER BORDER.
TIARELLA UNIFOLIATA.

THIS uncommon Foam-flower is, like the
better known T. cordifolia, a North Ameriean

species that 18 an admirable plant for
borders, rock garden or woodland. Though
it bears a general resemblance to T. cordi-

folia it is very much larger in all its parts,
the vine-like leaves being some three inches

across and the flower spikes rising to a
height of two feet. These inflorescences are

a warmer, creamier-white than those of the
common Foam-flower, and their pink stamens
give them à rosy flush.

T. unifoliata is, moreover. quite unlike the
other species in another important particular,
in that it does not run, but grows in à
massive, self-contained clump like a Heuchera

until it becomes of large size. Further, T.
unifoliata is a perennial that needs a rich
sol, and if the latter is moist enough the
plant will do well in full sun. The leafage
is usually carried. throughout. the winter
here, but it «oes not colour so brightly
as that of T. cordifolia. Propagation is
easily effected by detaching — off-sets and
striking them in a cold frame in the late
summer.
APERA ARUNDINACEA.

Tur Pheasant’s Tail Grass is one of the
most beautiful of the smaller ornamental
grasses. It is not quite hardy but will
withstand a deal of frost if planted in a

dry, hot, stony soil. Forming a bold, dense
sheaf of aching, slender blades of a some-
what glaucous-green, and about two feet in
height, A. arundinacea is highly ornamental.

especially in autumn and winter when the
foliage becomes streaked with bronze and
yellow. But its most notable feature is the

crop of beautiful awns which shoot upwards
in the later summer in airy, silken sprays
of glistening purple-brown to bend over on
all sides with the most elegant and dainty
effect. The inflorescences are often three
fect long, and in delicacy and grace they
have few rivals.

A. arundinacea is liable to seed so freely
in some gardens that it becomes a nuisance.
This has happened with us during the past

few years, the result. being that we have
restricted it to sunny spots in the wood-
land and wild garden where the seedlings

do not appear to be able to contend with
the native and other herbage. N. Wales.
PENTSTEMON GENTIANOIDES.

APART from the many beautiful forms of
florists Pentstemon usually seen in gardens,

there are several handsome species which
arc valuable for growing by themselves in
prominent beds, or in groups in the
herbaceous border. One of these is the
Mexican P. gentianoides, a bed of which
has been an attractive feature at Kew
during the past season.

Growing from three feet. to four feet

high, of bushy habit, the half-shrubby stems
are clothed with broad leaves some five inches

long. and terminate in large, branching
panicles bearing Lilac - coloured or mauve-

coloured flowers. These are large, over one
inch across at the mouth, and are produced
throughout the summer in great profusion.

Pentstemon gentianoides is not a hardy
plant, but grows freely in any rich, light
soil. 11 is easily propagated by means of
cuttings in the early autumn, and these
may be kept in a cold frame during the
winter. The small plants, after being put
out jn spring, grow rapidly and soon make
good bushy specimens, coming into flower
11 July.

This species has at various. times been
confused with P. Hartwegi and P. Cobaea,
both closely allied. but quite different. The

flowers
Cobsea

searlet
while P.

harrow-tubed,
mouth,

has
spreading

former
with a

J

1 Hk ( (ARDENERS’ CHRONICLE

Y

JANUARY

has dull, reddish-purple to whitish
some two inches long. 1n this
panicle is few-flowered and very
us compared with the frec-flowcred
almost glabrous P. gentianoides. W. /.

also

ALPINE GARDEN.

PHILESIA MAGELLANICA.
P. buxifolia

PHILESIA magellanica, or

it is more usually known in gardens, is an
would
the
habit.
a mat of
with
amongst
ecarmine-red flowers.
by a

Indeed, few
subject
dwarf in

ideal rock garden shrub.
care to risk so choice a
open shrub border. It is
und of slow growth, forming
wiry, much-branched stems, clothed
hard, glabrous, «evergreen foliage,
which nestle the large
beautiful in outline, as if
graver's tool.

P. magellanica requires a — moist. well-
drained, peaty soil. and a position not too
sunny. [t early attracted the notice of the
hybridist, who, by crossing it with Lapageria
alba, raised the interesting bigeneric hybrid.
Philageria Veitchii. Fred W. Jeffery.

PRIMULA AURANTIACA.

THis new Chinese species of Primula has
recently been in flower, and promises to
be an acquisition to an already numerous
family. lt belongs to the candelabra
section, with the habit of P. japonica,
forining rosettes of large leaves, six inches
to nine inches long, having sharply-toothed
margins,

The spike on the plant at Kew was
nearly one foot high, and bore five whorls
of bright, Orange-yellow flowers. This
Primula came into flower at the beginning
of December, when conditions were not
favourable for its development.

Probably next spring, in normal flowering
time, it may attain larger proportions as
well as larger flowers. It is a marsh-loving
kind. and was collected. by Forrest, his
number for it being 21,501. W. J.

in

chiselled

ORCHID NOTES AND GLEANINOS.

ODONTIODA OBERON.

THe first flower of a very richly coloured
Odontioda raised at Nether Warden, Hexharn-
on-Tyne, between Odontoglossum Titania
(crispum x Queen Alexandra) and Odontioda

Cooksoniae (Cochliodaá — Noezliana x Odm.
ardentissimum) is sent by C. Cookson, Esq.
(gardener, Mr. Stables).

The sepals and petals are bright ruby-

purple, with ጺ slight blush tint at the tips:
the lip is cream-white, densely spotted with

rose.purple. The fleshy column is white,
contrasting well with the dark colour of
the segments.

The cross is specially interesting to the

raiser for both parents are Cookson hybrids
of 1900 and 1910, the best forms of which

ere still in the colleetion. l
Mr. Cookson also sends flowers of his
bright novelty of last year, Odontioda
Warden, a flower of fine shape and light
scarlet in colour.
ODONTOGLOSSUM BROTEHAM.
WimH. other Odontoglossums Mr. Cookson

sends a grand flower of this fine hybrid
between Odontoglossum amabile and Odonto-
glossum Lambardeanum that compares favour-
ably with the largest and best coloured
Odontoglossums known. All the segments are

broad. with large, confluent. Tyrian-purple
blotehes, between which thin white lines

appear running to the narrow, white margin.

O. Lambardeanum (cocruleum x Vuylstekeae)
was one of Mr. Phillips hybrids and was
much used for crossing in his eolleetion at
The Glebe, Sevenoaks, and always with the
best results.

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— — — —

— — —

— m

JANUARY 17. 1925

æ).

ese at oe) Ee መ.

GOVERNMENT BOTANIC GARDENS.*

| AN Invitation to deliver a Nir George
Birdwood Memorial Leeture comes as HH
especial honour to one who has been in-

debted to Sir George. for help in connection
with economie enquiries in their historical
aspect. Yet the acceptance of that invitation

bv one who has had occasion to investigate
further questions already illuminated by Sir

Georges toueh has involved responsibilities
he would have found it more difficult. to
undertake, had not the Cominittee of the

Indian Section of the Royal Society of Arts,
with a kindness for which he has to thank
them. preseribed the subject. to be discussed.

Sir comments on Careia show
Botanie Gardens interested
that he regarded 11
historians standpoint,
now to treat the
erudition it is
Nir George's

George's
that the work of
him, and — suggest
primarily from an
Though it be impossible
theme with all Sir George's
desirable to approach it in

spirit. To an audience like this Sir George
might have illustrated. from Indian. experi-
ence the purposes — Government Botanie
Gardens fulfil, though he would have had
to refer, in passing, to Botanie Gardens
other than Indian. All botanie gardens

depend for success in their undertakings on
their capacity to enlist the sympathetic
co-operation of cognate organisations. But
when explaining what a botanie garden is,
Sir George could. not have confined his
references to Indian examples. Notwith-
standing the uniformity of purpose which
enables botanie gardens to render each other
effective service, these institutions cannot
elaim a corresponding uniformity of origin.
The Government Botanie Gardens of Asia,
in particular owe their formation to motives

rather different from the reasons that have
led to the existence of most of the Botanic
Gardens of Europe.

Many who take pleasure in visits to

Gardens their inability to

Botanic express

discriminate between an establishment. of
this kind and a publie park. Some who
derive benefit from such. visits seem to

imagine that a botanic garden must subserve
a horticultural purpose. Botanic Gardens do
occasionally possess amenities that render
them places of popular resort; they often
supply imformation that gardeners are glad
to secure. Yet, however natural these some-
what discordant ideas may seem, they over-
look the fact that a botanic garden exists
to further botanical ends.

Botanical ends have been modified oftener
than once sinee the Greek term * botanicey ’

first came to indicate, in English letters,
the science of “knowing plants, and was

used in order to contrast the study of
plant-characters with © phytology," which, even
after the middle of the seventeenth century,

still was “the art of ascertaining the
temperatures, virtues, and uses of plants
as tending to the curation or sustentation

of the body." This particular definition was
written at Oxford and was published in
1659. It is desirable to. note. the. place and

the date. A veneration before this definition
was formulated, the University of Oxford
had been supplied with a chair. for the
teaching of "*botanicey : that University
had to wait till a decade after this defini-

tion was published before it found a * professor
of botanicey -—- the first of the kind in
England—-to fill that chair.

Phytologists, intent on. the study of plant.
qualities, had been conscious, since the middle
of the sixteenth century, of the pressing need
for a further knowledge of plant-characters,
The doubling of the Cape and the discovery

* The Sir George Birdwood Memorial Lecture, delivered

before the Royal Society of Arts (Indian Section), on
Friday, January 9 925, by. 1. -(‹] Sir David. Prain,
CMG, CLE. LLED. F. LAS. ኮ.[1.=., late Director ot

the Roval Botanie Gardens, Kew.

of the Western Hemisphere had resulted in

an almost overwhehning influx of new
material: * phwtologists 7 were no longer

able to discriminate, by classical or mediaeval
eriterta, between plants whose products were

useful and others whose products were
valueless or might be harmful.
This renaissance co-partnery between

y and *phytology " subsisted
so long as the study of plant-structure and

e botanicey `

plant-function lay outside the domain of
"natural history.” Their alliance was so
elose that the science of ” botanicey "-—now

“botany “` for short-came to be looked
upon as the basis of, rather than as an
adjunct. 10, the “art of phytology." In
1663 those who in this country laid down
the rules that should guide the conduet of
seekers after scientific truth made it an
axiom that the improvement of new natural
knowledge for use should go hand in hand
with its improvement for further discovery.
By the middle of tbe eighteenth century
“ botanists“ had come to realise the im-
portance of plant-funetion on the repro-
ductive side, and to believe that a solution
of the “mystery of sex" might enable

them better to classify the vegetable kingdom

and to elucidate the natural history of
plants. They could now study plants
philosophically © * plant-distribution © and

* plant-association" came to receive as much
attention as * plant-characters ` and ** plant-
qualities.” — 'lThis of necessity made the

“botanist ” also a ** phytologist “—a modi-

fication wholly beneficial. Unfortunately,
however, the -"phytologist " of 1750. the
year in which this wider philosophy of
plant-study was first formulated, did not

require to profess mastery of the science of

“botany; the application of the natural
knowledge of plants. whieh was the
“ phytologist’s © duty, was still considered
an “art,”

The earlier. half of the nineteenth century
brought further changes. The study of

branch of

belong
anatomy
tried

"vegetable staties, hitherto a
“natural philosophy.” was found to
to biology as well as 10 physies:

demonstrated the existence, chemistry
to exphun the purpose of the “eel.”
Intensive study of the plant as a vital
mechanism appeared to be possible without

an extensive knowledge of plants as living
organisms; by a process of — reasoning

connections, students of
and of * plant-funetion on
the nutritive side“ came to. regard them.
selves as the people with whom wisdom
must die. They. arrogated. to | themselves
the designation ‘botanist’: students of
Plant-characters and plant-(ualities, of plant-
distribution and plant-association were, at
best, only “natural historians.”

familar in other
“ phant-structure `

A new century has seen further modifi-
cations. The study of plant-funetion on
the nutritive side. whether under those
normal conditions that we term physio-
logical or those abnormal ones which we
regard as pathological, has made it clear
that growth depends on factors. other than
the nature of the substratum. Plant-
associations now possess a biological signifi-

cance so profound that students of oecology

seem at times disposed. to relegate‘ mor-
phology” to the position that laboratory
research in the nineteenth century. deemed
Appropriate to cabinet investigation. On the

hand, the study of the “mystery of
ቁ... renewed jn the nineteenth century
with a vigour induced by the mastery of
experimental method, has been extended
With suecess into realms undreamt of in the
eighteenth century. As a result. the study
of the characters and qualities of plants has

other

acquired. à new importance, both for those
engaged 11) the botanic garden or the field

in handling old. and in raising new plants,
and for those busy in the herbarium or the
museum in supplying the systematic and
synoptic data without. which natural. know-
ledge ccarnet Fe applied so fully as it

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE. 39

should. displayed in the
insisted on in the

the application of

The tendency,
eighteenth century and
nineteenth, to regard
natural knowledge as a matter which con.
cerns only the arts. and crafts interested,
has for the time being disappeared. Now,
even more definitely than in 1730, botany.
is the branch of natural science whose
business is the study of vegetation in all
its aspects,

(To be continued.)

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

Two German Garden Books.

From the publishing house of Paul Parey.

Berlin, come two fascinating volumes, the
seeond and third of a series known as
“Garden Beauty Books."* They treat re.
spectively of Annuals. and Roses, and are

apparently to be followed by similar publica.
tions on other gardening subjects.

They are excellently printed on stout. art
paper, and the black and white illustrations
are very numerous and beyond all praise.
It would be pleasant to be able to say the
sume of the coloured illustrations, of which
there is a generous sprinkling; but, as in
so much similar work, the greens are in
nearly every case a failure, and the “sereen "
produces & blurred effect, but the standard

is as well maintained as technieal limita-
tions will permit in the present stage of
colour work.

The format of the books is awkward—ten
inches square, like a child's toy book, and
the cover boards are only of cardboard of
a very light colour.

The Rose-book is jointly produced by
H. Wilhelm Mütze and Dr. Camillo Schneider
is full of interest to all lovers of that
flower. It begins with an excellent historical
review, and although this does not add
anything to what is already known about
the origin of the Rose, it marshals the
facts and allusions in a masterly fashion.
The development of the modern cultivated
flower is then reviewed, and every type has
an illustration to itself of a very high
order. The types are then dealt with one
by one, and in passing it may be observed
that the German growers are wise m using

and

* Pernetrose," instead of our own awkward
expression "Pernetiana," with its many
rariations of spelling. The last article deals

with “The Rose in Art," and gives many
reproductions of classical pictures showing
the Hose as part of the scenery; the flower
is frequently introduced into the old Italian
pictures of the Madonna and Child, owing
to the carly association of the Virgin with
the Rose.

The book on Annuals has also a historical
survey, and contains some very interesting
reproductions of old wood cuts showing various
easily-recognised garden flowers. The genera
are then taken aphabetically, a description
of the proper method of cultivation for each

being given, and there is an aphabetical
index at the end of the book for easy
reference, ላክ interesting article. gives hints

on forming hardy plant gardens, and there
are a number of quite good plans, a trifle
too formal for modern English taste, but
well thought out and arranged ; and in order
that nothing may be lacking, the plants are
given in classified lists, according to the
month of flowering, and by colours.

The volumes form a distinct addition to
gardening literature, and we shall look for-
ward with pleasure to the appearance of
further volumes in the series.

* (1) Das Rosenbuch. By Wilhelm Matze and Camillo
Schneider. Berliu-Westend, Verlag von * Gartensch heit.
(2) Einjathrsblumen. By Paul Kache and Camillo Schneider,
Berlin- Westend, Verlag von * Gartenseh nheit,

40

EDITORIAL NOTICES.

ADVERTISEMENTS should be sent to the
PUBLISHER, 5, Tavistock Street. Covent
Garden. W.C.2.

Editors and Pubdlisher.—Our correspondents would
obviate delay in obtaining answers to their communi-
cations, anl save us much time and trouble, if they would
kindly observe the notice printed weekly to the effect that
all Letters relating to financial matters and to advertise-
ments should be addressed to the PUBLISHER ; and that
all communications intended for publication or referring
to the literary depart:nent, and all plants to be named
should be directed to the EDITORS. The two departments,
Publishing and Editorial, are distinct, and much un-
necessary delay and confusion arise when letters are
misdirected,

Letters for Publication as well as specimens of planis
or naming, should be addressed to the EDITORS,
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, London.
ommunications should be WRITTEN ON ONE SIDE
ONLY OF THE PAPER, sent as early in the week as
possible, and duly signed by the writer. If desired, the
signature will not be printed, but kept as a guarantee of
good faith.

Special Notice to Correspondents.—The Editors do
not undertake to pay for any contributions or illustrations,
or to return unused communications or illustrations,
unless by special arrangement. The Editors do not hola
themselves responsible for any opinions expressed by
their correspondents.

Ilustrations.—7T/Ae Editors will be glad to receive and to
select photographs or drawings suitable for reproduction,
of gardens, or of remarkable flowers, trees, etc., but they
cannot be responsible for loss or injury.

Urgent Communications.—7// sent by telegraph, these
should be addressed ‘‘Gard. Chron.," Rand; or by
telephone, to Gerrard, 1513.

Local News.—Correspondents will greatly oblige by sending
to the Editors early intelligence of local eventa likely to be
of interest to our readers.

— — — — — — — — — — -—

THE RHS. AMATEURS’ SHOW.

REAT was the satisfaction when the
G announcement was made that the Royal
Horticultural Society had decided 10
hold an exhibition on competitive lines for
amateurs only; but that satisfaction has been
somewhat diminished by the fact that the
Council's conception of the scope which
might well be allowed for such a venture
appears to be very much smaller than had
been expected.

For a number of years past it has been
noted with regret that exhibits from privato
establishments have dwindled almost to
the vanishing point, both at the ordinary
fortnightly meetings and the larger shows
at Chelsea and Holland Park.

It may be stated that the same is true of
provincial shows where, except in the cottager
and allotment holders’ classes, amateurs’
exhibits are almost a negligable part, and it
is taken to be a plain indication that a
combination of contributory causes has made
it impossible for private gardeners and
amateur enthusiasts to devote the time and
effort to growing for shows which they were
formerly able to give.

If the truth of this statement is indis-
putable it is no less regrettable, for the
maintenance of keen enthusiasm and continued
progress of horticulture is, to a greater
extent than can be casually estimated,
dependent upon the flower show.

Trade exhibitorg are always available to
fill tents or halls and make imposing displays.
The nurserymen, florists, and seedsmen have
done this, and have earned the oft-reiterated

compliment, “ The trade exhibits make the
show."
Despite the apparent ingratitude, it is

equally true that the trade has ousted the
amateur exhibitor, and in so doing inflicted
grave injury upon both the flower show and

their own business. Nurserymen and seeds-
men, no les than amateurs themselves,
should welcome the latest, and in a way

the greatest, step tho Royal Horticultural

Society has taken in organising u show
entirely for amateurs. The movement teems
with far-reaching possibilities, and is quite

capable of giving horticulture such a revival
as could not otherwise be conceived.

The one pity is the Council apparently
tanks a small. affair is good enough, whereas

JANUARY 17. 1925.

THE GARDENERS CHRONIC ‘LE

it should be, and might easily have been,
the greatest event in the Society's illustrious
career.

It is perfectly right that quite small
classes should be provided for small amateurs
whose gardens are entirely under personal
control, and these classes might well be even
more numerous, but the R.H.8. is widely
different from a parochial cottage gardeners’
ussociation, and the schedule of this
show should have included classes common-
surate with the dignity and capabilities ዐየ
the larger private establishments from which
in years gone by glorious exhibits were
readily forthcoming. The exclusion of the
commercial element is all the more reason
why private horticulture should be afforded
the fullest scope to demonstrate to the full
its extent and capabilities.

Why, for instance. in so
tion as Roses, should the mest important
class be for twelve vases? Could not the
R.H.S. aspie, at any rate, to come abreast

important a sec-

of the Amateurs’ Section of the National
Rose Society ? There is not so much as
one class for exhibition blooms in the

customary Rose boxes, no class for a group
of Roses arranged for effect, and, greatly to
the disappointment of lady exhibitors, no
decorated table class, or even an artistically-
arranged bowl class.

The biggest group of flowering and foliage
plants is restricted to the narrow limits of
forty-eight square feet, whereas private
gardeners exhibiting at Shrewsbury, Nouth-
port, York, and Wolverhampton have found
no diffculty in fumishing two-hundred-
and-fifty square feet.

The best class provided for such important
garden plants as hardy perennials is for
twelve vases, yet an amateur in the Midlands,

before the schedule appeared, sought my
opinion as to whether a three-ton motor
lorry would bring sufficient flowers for him

to put up a creditable effort. He exhibits
hardy flowers to this extent locally.

The idea of paring down the show to fit
the Horticultural Hall is pitiable. Chelsea

Gardens, the Royal Botanic Gardens, Holland
Park Rink, any one of them could be well

filled. and filed to overflowing, with the
exhibits of bona fide amateurs, and the
enterprise of organising such a show would

have a tremendously beneficial effect on the
Society, the trade, and British horticulture
generally.

Had àn appeal been made to the special
floral societies, to the trade, and to private
donors, an array of cups and trophies fully
equal to that amassed for the International
Exhibition of 1912 would have been readily
forthcoming. Horticultural societies in every
district in the Kingdom would have taken
up propaganda work, and their members would
have entered whole-heartedly into an effort
to prove that their particular district or
membership could account for the record
number of awards.

These thoughts convey an idea of the
disappointing aspect of the schedule, but
they do not infer that there is the slightest
reason to forebode failure for the show. On
the contrary, there is every reason why it
should ke so huge a success that hereafter
the R.H.S. will fully realise that, instead of

looking upon thc amateurs show as an
interesting little diversion from its other
work, it will constitute one of the out-

standing features in its vears programme.

Amateur horticulture is of greater import-
ance than eommercial horticulture, because
the latter is dependent on the former, and
its own show should hold à very special
interest for the whole vast army of amateur
horticulturists.

There are forty-two classes in the schedule,
and the great aim should be to ensure every
elass being filled with a goodly number
of entries. There is little doubt about the
small classes for garden owners who employ no
permanent staff. Numbers will undoubtedly
run high here, but in the leading classes
for twelve plants, twelve vases, groups, ete.,

to find the best features of
the readers of The Gardeners

we shall
the show.

expect
ancl

Chronicle will, it is to be hoped. make a
point of seeing that the extent of every
elass far exceeds anticipations.

of entries sent to [ዘሁ
Society carly in the year would suffice to
show that the Royal Horticultural Hall is
totally inadequate 10 accommodate such an
exhibition, and it is important that this
realisation comes early enough to admit of
alternative arrangements being put in hand
in good time.

There are those who suggest that we are
losing our skill as plantsmen, and that the
gardeners of to-day have not the exhibitors’
art of the past generation; the show on
June 30 and July 1 must demonstrate the
falseness of these beliefs.

One good the show
is the enthusiasm it will

An abundance

probably effect
in garden

will
arouse

owners and be the means of inducing gardeners

exhibiting again in a whole-hearted manner.
An owner of a very good garden confided
to me a week or two back that his intention

ix, tf his gardener will exhibit, tho latter
shall have any prize money he may win
and an immediate rise in wages if ho 1s

successful. 44. J. Macself.

GARDENING AT THE PRINCE OF WALES’
CANADIAN RANCH.

Durtna the time of the Prince of Wales's
visit to Canada in the fall of 1923 it was
the writer's very good fortune to be invited
by His Royal Highness to make suggestions
for the improvement and beautification ot
the immediate surroundings of his ranch
house at Pekisko and to prepare a plan of the
same. A visit was made to thc ranch for
the purpose of making a preliminary survey.
and, after a scheme of improvements had
been outlined, a second visit was made to
discuss this suggested scheme with his Royal
Highness. It was made quite apparent at
this interview that the Prince, whilst keenly
interosted in having the place improved
and beautified in the best possible manner,
was desirous that such improvements should
be kept quite simple, to accord with the
house itself and its furnishings, and to be
in keeping with the true character of ።
Western Canadian ranch. Care had to be
taken in the arrangement of the plantations
that nothing was planted that would
eventually intercept the very fine view 10
the Rocky Mountains on the west and to
the foothills on the south. The scheme 84
finally decided upon and now well advanced
towards completion includes a boundary
border on the east, south, and west to be
planted with low-growing flowering and
berried shrubs and hardy perennial flowers;
a rectangular arrangement of paths and

flower beds immediately in front of the
building; a heavy planting of trees and
shrubs along the creek side to form &

woodland walk; a simple rock garden, and
a kitchen garden, the paths of which are
to be edged by borders of hardy flowers.
Within this woodland walk are five trees.
planted respectively by His Royal Highness,

Sir Thomas Godfrey, Brig.-Gen, ‘Trotter.
Major Metcalf, and Sir Walter Peacock,
commemorative of the 1923 visit. Engraved

plates, with the name and date, mark each

of these trees. A narrow border at the
base of the building provides space for a
foundation planting of climbing plants and
flowers.

There are, approximately, five acres within
the enclosing fence, but a large area at
the extreme west. end will be reserved for
growing a yvear-rounl supply of vegetables
for the staff. The whole is enclosed, on
the east and west, with a hedge of
Caragana arborescens, and on the south, of
Cotoneaster aeutifolia,

eg ዩ GEHE SARDE VERS. HRA

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5 ው wl [3 E«

42 THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE, JANUARY 17. 1923.
warmed should be smeared over the wounds The Hungarian Oak, Quercus conferta FOREIGN CORRESPONDENCE.
with a brush. In the case of large wounds (syn. Q. pannonica) forms a handsome, —
this dressing with tar should be repented: much-branched trece of somewhat ponie THE ECG PLANT AND THE PEPPER
Coal-tar is quite harmless to the trees if shape, [1 is very pleasing in appearance : b
used with care, but it should not be during the. summer with rather. large, light PLANT.
upplicd to tbe young bark. of Conifers. green. leaves that turn a nut-brown. colour AFTER reading the interesting notes of Mr.

large hollows caused by the breaking away
ኮነ *' P"

of limbs from old trees should he filled
with cement.

Many young and recently planted trees
will require attention. Some of these have

and should be
cases the
from their
also required

been loosened at their roots
made quite firm again. In other
trees have been torn away
supports, and new stakes are
in some exposed positions.
Rose bushes have been blown about and
cup-shaped hollows formed in the soil at
the base of the plants. These hollows
should be filled, and the soil made quite
firm. Climbers have suffered, especially those
growing on lofty walls. It is often advisable

to secure the main branches of these
climbers, which have become detached from
the wall so soon as the damage is dis-

covered, while the thorough overhauling and
general tying of the lateral growths may be
deferred until the immediate pressure of
work is overcome.

Large numbers of trees have been uprooted
and blown down. An examination of the
roots is often very instructive. Many roots
of apparently healthy trees will be found
in a decayed condition. In some cases the
surface roots are healthy, while in other
cases those nearest the surface are diseased,
and those which have penetrated the sub-
soil are sound. C. Ruse.

SOME CHOICE OAKS.

Oaks are not planted so extensively as
they might be, considering the fine effect
produced by judicious arrangement of the
different species and varieties. What finer
deciduous tree is there in latc autumn than
& well grown specimen of Quercus coccinea
splendens Knap Hill variety? This fine
American Oak with its brilliant crimson
scarlet foliage is not surpassed by any tree.

Viewed with the sun shining on them,
clumps of three or five trees together con-
stitute an object not easily forgotten. The
foliage of this Oak is retained for. a very

considerable period. The writer has a vivid
recollection of seeing a large quarter of this
brilliantly coloured Oak in the nursery of

the late Mr. Anthony Waterer, Knap Hill,
Woking, some sixteen years ago. As a tree
for brightening up the landscape, pleasure
grounds, parks, etc. it is unsurpassed in
its effect. When planting this Oak choose
specimens five feet to six feet tall with

straight stems, good leads and well furnished
with roots.

Oaks thrive and make
few years in deep loam of a
texture, provided they are given attention
as regards staking, mulching, and watering
in dry weather during the summer. Care
should be exercised at all times to retain
a good leader; with a little annual. pruning
and keeping the grass clear of the tree at

"pid growth in a
rather heavy

& radius of two feet from the stems, good
specimens will soon be forthcoming. — The
American, Turkey and Hungarian Oaks are

more rapid in growth than the English Oaks.

Another fine Oak that is somewhat rare
and seldom seen is the one known as
Quereus macrophylla Albertsii. Kome years
ago I planted six trees of this variety in

very heavy. strong, loamy soil: jin a few
years they made rapid growth. the Jeading
shoots making fully three feet or more

growth, in a single season, and with foliage
quite one foot in length, and proportionately
wide, of a dark brown colour. Jt is a tree
that never fails to arrest attention.
Quereus palustris (the Pin Oak) is another

fine American species, the leaves in late
autumn being bright erimson, after the
style of Q. coccinea splendens. The tree
thrives in damp situations, and for that
reason alone is to be commended.

m the autumn, This Oak is a good grower and
soon makes a fine specimen to stand alone.

The Japanese Oak, Quereus dentata (syn.
Q. Daimio) is particularly good and desirable

88 a single specimen for the pleasure
grounds. Its growth is pyramidal in
contour, and it has fine foliage six inches

in length by two-and-a-half inches to three
inches wide, of a bright green colour during
the summer, turning to a russet-brown late
in the season. The foliage is retained all
through the winter until the following
spring, and this adds considerable interest
to this fine tree.

Good specimens of
Turkey Oak, may be
parts of the country,
suitability for most soils. 11 is very
distinet in appearance and a rapid grower
in the young state when well established.
The side branches should be restricted and
and the central shoot trained to a stout
eane, when, in the course of a few years,
a tree of handsome, pyramidal form will be
obtained. There is a variegated form of
the Turkey Oak with leaves margined with
white.

Mention may be made of the forms of
the English Oaks; that known as Quercus
pedunculata fastigiata is of upright growth.
resembling a Lombardy Poplar. The Golden
Oak, Quercus pedunculata var. concordia, is
exceedingly effective during the summer,
but, unfortunately, this Oak is not a good
grower, at least, such is my experience.
Like nearly all our English Oaks, the
growth of those of the pedunculata section
is somewhat slow: the same is also true of
the purple form, purpurascens, but apart
from that, they are very effective in their
colour during the summer time.

As single trees or in clumps
planting, I have invariably found
Sessile Oak, Quercus — sessiliflora
surpasses Q. pedunculata in
growth, also in retaining its
longer period.

The procedure of planting common Birch
alternately with the Oaks in clumps or
plantations to aet as nurses, is to be
commended, and J have practised the game
with exeellent results. ፲ከቦ Birch being a
rapid grower has a tendency to draw up
the Oak straight and clean, as well as
providing shelter. Timely attention in trim-
ming the side growths of the Birches to
give free seope to the Oaks until the
former are finally removed, with a slight
annual pruning and retaining good leads,
will result in the Oaks being in a condition

Quercus Cerris, the
met with in many
testifying to its

for park
that the
easily
rapidity of
foliage for a

to take care of themselves,

Much more might be written on this
subject, but the chief object. of this article
is to point out the value of the various
Oaks for ornamental effects in planting.
Should it be desired 10 include a few of
the evergreen. Oaks, the following will be
found suitable: Quercus acuta, a Japanese
species, with leaves six inches in length and
stout in texture; this is ono of the best. of
the evergreen. type; Quereus glabra (syn.
latifolia), a worthy companion to. the last-
named, with large. stout foliage; Quercus
Lucombeana, the Lucombe Oak, a sub.
evergreen tree, which forms, in time, a

large specimen; it is a hybrid between Q.
Cerris and Q. Suber. Quereus Suber, the
Cork Oak, 14 an evergeen species; a fine
old specimen of this species stands near the

lake at Osterley Park, Middlesex, where I
had charge of the trees and shrubs for
many years. Probably the tree in question

ranks as one of the finest im the kingdom,
and must be quite a century old, the main
branehes being banded and chained together:
the corky bark 15 of great thiekness. J.
Hawkes, Cubecorth, Banbury.

S. B. Dicks on the Egg Plant (page 41].
Vol. LXXVI), it occurred to me that perhaps
your readers would like to know how this veget-
able is used in practically every houschold in
Roumania. In this country it is named
Patlagele Vinete, and is used as a food in
many ways. One method is to cook it on
top of the stove,, afterwards | removing the
outer skin and beating the flesh to a pulp
with a wooden spoon; a little Onion chopped
very finely is then added, with salt, Pepper,
Olive oil and vinegar; the whole is well
mixed and caten cold as a salad, which is
very agreeable. Another method, similar to
the one Mr. Dicks describes, is to eut the
fruits into slices, dip them in ዉቤ. good
batter, fry them in Olive oil or lard, and
eat them hot; those who are interested in
the Egg Plant should try this method. Egg
Plants are grown here by the million ; they

are planted in well.manured soil, eighteen
inches apart in rows and well watered, as
the temperature rises up to 45° Reaumer,
and sometimes we have no rain for three

months on end, nevertheless they thrive well.
The Pepper plant. referred to by Mr. Dicks

is known in Roumania as Ardei Gras, but
this is not the hot variety, which is also
a native food here, and practically an

every-day dish, served up in many ways.
In the restaurants they are chiefly used as
follows: Take out the centre (which is full
of seeds) stuff the fruits with sausage-
meat and bake in the oven. This is an
excellent dish, and when once “taken up"
in England there is no doubt it will be used
extensively, and Peppers wil become almost
as popular as Tomatos. The Peppers are
grown in the same way as the Egg Plants

they need plenty of feeding, water, and
heat. When the fruits first appear on the
market they are very expensive. I hope to

send vou a few notes on vegetables which
are not used during the winter in England.
J. W. Funge, Head Gardener to H. H.
Prince G. V. Bibesco, Palatul Mogosoca, Jud
Ilfov, Roumania.

FORCING LILAC.
. IN reference to the statement by Mr.
J. A. Paice in The Gardeners? Chronicle,
December 6. 1924, p. 385, regarding the
forcing of Lilacs, allow me to point out

that, in order to obtain white trusses, it is
not necessary to force harder than for the
coloured sorts, nor to cover the forcing pit
with matting and such-like material. The
variety Marie Legraye has blooms that are

perfectly white, and this Lilac forces so
easily, even nt Christmas, that it is quite
unnecessary to foree Lilac or rose-coloured

varieties if white blooms required. ደ.

Matzner, Lubeck.

are

FLORISTS’ FLOWERS.
NEW PERPETUAL-FLOWERING
CARNATIONS.
Tne British Carnation Society has recently
registered the following new varieties of Per-

1

petual-flowering Carnations : —

(wLAbYS BERRY, a scedling of crimson-
clove colour and with fair fragrance: the
habit is short and = bushy, and the variety

is especially suitable. for bedding. Messrs.

Stuart Low and Co., Bush Hill Park.
Lapy Hispar, a seedling variety, the

flowers white, striped with red, and possess-
ig sweet fragrance. The habit is sturdy
aud free-flowering. Messrs. Stuart Low and
Co., Bush Hill Park.

VISCOUNTESS HAMBLEDEN, a seedling (Benora
X Aviator) The colour is rich Apricot-red,
striped and. flushed with red; the bloom
possesses a distinct fragranee. The flower

aare — — — መመመ... —— — —

— — — — a — — c — = — — — E — —

pag ie EE THE. GARDENERS CHRONIC, - E Se 2

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| Menor" hand | "PG WORLD FAMOUS =e
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By no. = Ta ^s Majesty The
‘GARDEN ‘ROLLERS | E TEANIS 2 MARKERS

rH PIONEERS or ALL THAT ae VO CÓRMEEN'B - Ee ።፡ ን te ፡ ን ውን አመል Over a Million sold.
38 BEST. 1M LAWN MOWERS.” — Mew Century Wo Ee EDI Rr Rd de A MET EN hoo pienen ቹ11ርሖ Gr i
| | — ^e tar Mauer KN piod, Two:
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and Smali rings

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KEW FRUKIS
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AR የደበብ de the. "ansrruction 5.11 gardens, | laying: phan

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De es De nf any. alie w ais oF y. themselves BS. du 4:9. “work aes aS l
comet Slack ሸክ. d qoot general, knowledge: BE gardening acquired =
Ven decus profession. ‘and: JU AS 8. hobby, and “especially: they PSE a
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፡ canis ‘thar the 1997 ay to, efficiency, fespect, anda yond: deb.
UD through: «ready: work 46. the lines non Of ag: intelligent. brun,

The Largest Raisers, Growers & g Esportes

Pioneers of The Beientific: Methode.
: of Orchid’ Seedling Raising,

CHARLESWORTH & CO., LTD,

HAYWARDS. HEATH, ‘SUSSEX,

Phere: 15. nothing: Aog —— start. —— pu
eee at nent i : quick. Ani are: and de general prospects
5 qued. EC I cxi —

bU.

pte "m helen 3 i: He «fi ot e giving age ወፀ ይመ of af. experience fn: e 2 —— i
፡፡ van of መ”: NDW 8 THE OPPORTUNITY
BAKERS, Garden: Crafts Dept, 6005. — C To get hnc i |
| GARDENS, : ORCHARDS,

ESTATE. NURSERIES. .

GREAT TWO DAYS SALE.

* — ON Whee SUSAN SL 30) የ. d ae 29 EION ው
MEDOUOALLS. E -። Corner Nursery; ‘No. By. JANUARY 286. ጋ

S ን | | N ል ECTI C ፤ n E Y 4 } West. Au: “Nursery, Nes 3. “JANUARY © 29h. x

i ፲ ae Chinese & Choice. Shrubs, 8... Rome s. due ON —

GRAPE VINES
UE A ny strong: Training —

each.

n Lr A. “አ

TL — 39

| - [65 FU MERS” 23 E LARGE. SPECIMEN CONIFERS AND
— shins — E — plans. | Or | FOR. — sis E የህዘ(ርለ1]ስሄ(. eS ates Pinca Leu a
“ORCHARD HOUSE TREES | — E C E TREES, |

& 1ROGHANGERS, inst — re 3 — Hadis (88. t

Mel Sipe DAN Kerio: Fe Os E tu 5 'mTge 0p ክን ያተ ነ እራ Nun: ud TO * Fruit: — ERE tz
Angles; Pears, 1 Piuros, Cherries; 10. 6 & 15- each. ae of et ERIS =፻ | Te 5 3 OC. diese ie y Gy ; “ን
sit GUAR Low ጨሬ co. ic ian 3 f aieo MEC A | ነ 1 | ዘሬ ai ine de e dialogue, post, — — vb
“BUSH HILL, FARK, , ENFIELD, , TNE EM Corn 1 HILLER Lees Hill eo: ;

137 mena ከሆን v ጌጅ ils mut RE BEE PME

MORE gad IC MNE CN IRDENERS CHRONIC LE: — Tasma 156 ከ82.

ር | Mad
7 LUNA '
AA 1 Md Y
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PONE

1 Appointment to is Majesty

Results ot a T

ial tt ane OSE ‘Cae S Research 3
"Genuine. only from DICKSON’S, HAWLMARK, BELFAST: paca

| እ፳090[80ሀ98 and AZALEAS |

Intending pilasters: will find at

vm HE KNAP HNA NURSERY
LARGE -SPEC IMENO PLANTS
NE Awe st: named varietie »
giving, immediate. ; effect
. ወርቪክ።ዥና stok aes per 'atalogds-
BRE. fret opps. apple ation.

NSPEOTION የደ.
— aid: 'Heseriptiou e - Mon —
| Me ፎር የዮ of the Jase:

ANT HONY ልገ ERER
ENAP HILO NURSERY. M
- WOKING. „STATION, SURREY. ni

ረ (LEAF. BUSTER

PAN: — የአአ ሌቡ. BY x |

SPRAY Now BEFORE THE BUDS -BURST

Pas 5s C à 83.46: ‘Pains

ዝዬ GARDENERS! CHBONICLE. T |.

‘Horticultural Directory |

The Horteultural Directory ds nor being 2)
` tejribted: this year, 3:1 8. Ninine nümber 1 |
Jf. ‘copies. af. ብሩ i dssue. for, 3924 are avail a
obe a the reduced. ክርር ABE

3 gall "y d (d : F E Ai 8፡95. ን iub. ;
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GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, —
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d diesque PIT “ገ ef. Hits paper

GEO. BUNYARD & Co., 1. ..::..... MAIDSTONE.

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EGG-KILLING WASHEs.

In my last notes mention was made of
the possibility of killing insect eggs by
winter or delayed dormant spraying with a
combination of lime-sulphur and calcium
caseinate, which is also, of course, excellent
as a fungicide and cleanser. But readers
were warned against placing too much reliance
on the egg-killing effect. Unfortunately this
warning turns out to be only too necessary.
I have now heard from the Long Ashton
Research Station that, on further trial, this
has proved very unreliable. One year the
wash appeared to give excellent results, and
the next year it failed. "This is typical of
the difficulty of research work in fruit-
growing. It does not mean, of course, that
there is any reason to give up. lime-sulphur
us a winter wash. It will also still be
worth «while to add calcium caseinate, which
costs little. "This will help the wash to
spread and wet thoroughly; and there is
just the chance that it may enable it to
kill insect eggs. To make certain of dealing
with eggs, however, we must use instead
one of the new tar distillate or carbolineum

washes, which are undoubtedly successful.
FILLING GAPS.

On a fruit farm of any age filing gaps

amongst the trees becomes an important
job every winter. Most gaps occur in
plantations of Plums, because a good many
trees have to be grubbed every season on

silver-leaf. There appears to ከ6
no danger of infecting young trees planted
on the same sites. In directions for filling
gaps in orchards it is generally advised that
the new tree should not be planted on the
exact spot from which an old one has been

account of

grubbed. This is good advice. because the
newly- planted tree is often slow to grow
away when placed in soil that has been
drained of plant food by the old tree.

Unfortunately it is seldom possible to avoid
planting on the same spot. To do otherwise,
if there would upset the

even were room,
arrangement of the plantation. The only
thing is to make the best of a bad job.

and give the young tree as good a chance
as possible. A wide hole should be dug
out, the subsoil broken up with a fork, and
plenty of farmyard or stable manure used.
A good plan is to cover the roots with a
little soil first, then apply the manure over
a fairly wide urea, and cover it with the
rest of the soil. A barrow load of manure
may be used to a tree with advantage. So
treated the new tree will generally grow
away fairly well, if it is not neglected
during the growing season. It stands the
worst chance in a grass orchard. A space
clear of turf must be left round cach young
tree, of course, but this soon grows over
unless it is regularly hoed during the summer,
a job which is apt to be forgotten.

Gaps occur also amongst bush fruits, and
represent a considerable loss unless annually
filled. I have used two thousand Black
Currants for this purpose this winter, mostly
to fill gaps caused by grubbing reverted
bushes. In this case it is the subsequent
pruning that is likely to get neglected,

OVERCROWDED ORCHARDS.

The chief fault in my older plantations,
as in 80 many others, 18 too close planting.
The trees are all twelve feet apart cach
way, and some varieties are becoming over-
crowded, even where they are bush -shaped
trees on supposed Paradise. Some grubbing
has been done this winter to give more
space, but it is not a very satisfactory job.
If the trees had been planted on the square
it would be an easy matter to take out
every other one; but this is not possible
where they have been angled. as in my
case. All I ean do is to grub every other
row; but this still leaves: the trees only
twelve feet apart in the rows. The twenty-
four feet alleys between the rows look very
bare at present, but the branches will no
doubt come down and stretch out into the
space before long.

THE AR DENERS CHRONICLE.

One is always reluctant to grub troes,
but it pays well to give more space where
it is wanted. l recently saw a plantation
in which alternate rows had becn grubbed
Some years ago, and every other tree in the
remaining rows; and 1 was told that the
return per acre had steadily increased in
spite of the great reduction in the number
of trees.

APPLE LADY SUDELEY.

One row that has been grubbed was of
Lady Sudeley, the only row of this variety
on the place. It will not be missed. Some
people consider this to be the best mid-
season dessert Apple, and it is certainly of
good flavour as grown in some districts.
Moreover, its appearance is attractive when
it does not come too large, and it is very
suitable for marketing in single-layer trays
or Peach boxes. With me. however, it is
not a good Apple so far as quality is
concerned. It often crops very heavily, and
never misses a year altogether, but the fruit
grows very large and is of very “woolly”
consistency. It is fairly commonly known
that there are two distinct types of Lady
Sudeley, one having arisen as a bud sport
from the other. The true form jis very
distinctly and beautifully striped when ripe;
the other tends to be larger and is mostly
yellow when ripe. with only a little faint
striping on the exposed side. There were
both types in my row, the almost worthless
yellow one predominating. The trees had
been in for twenty-four years and had grown
to an enormous size, particularly those bearing
the yellow fruit, though all were of bush
form and supposed to be on Paradise.

ARE MANURES NEEDED ሃ

From the New York Experiment Station
comes a report on some trials which were
started twenty-five years ago to answer the
question—Is it necessary to fertilise an
Apple orchard? The trees were planted
twenty-eight years ago, and from their third
year they have received annual dressings of
various manures. Two plots have had stable
manure every year, others superphosphate
alone, superphosphate and muriate of potash,
and complete fertilisers consisting of nitrate
of soda, dried blood, superphosphate, and
muriate of potash. Control plots receiving
no treatment were also included. The planta-
tion has been under clean culture up till the
end of July each year, when a non-leguminous
cover crop was sown for ploughing in during
the winter. The answer to the question
which prompted the experiment is that, in
the average western New York Apple orchard
that is well cultivated, properly drained, and
sufficiently supplied with organic matter by
means of a cover crop. manures are not
required. No influence from any of the
manures, or only such trifling variations as
must, be put down to chance, could be traced
in growth of tree, size or yield of fruit,
colour of foliage or quality, keeping properties,
or colour of fruit.

There is no reason to doubt the reliability

of the experiment. Similar negative resulta
have been secured in others. It would,
however, be very unwise to consider the

to orehards in this
country without taking into account the
difference in conditions. The American trees
are on some very vigorous Stock, and are
planted forty fect apart each way. At this
wide spacing it can easily bo imagined that the
roots would not have explored all the available
soil in twenty-eight years. Each year they
would push out a litttle further fresh

results as applicable

into
soil. There is a wide difference in an English
orchard of bush-shaped trecs on dwarfing
stock planted twelve feet apart each way.

In much less than twenty-eight years the
whole of the ground would have become a

mass of roots, and practically all tbe soil
would have been explored. Moreover, we do
not grow cover crops.

Whilst. there need be little surprise that
the trees in this experiment did not benefit
from the manures, since the control trees

Jav ARY 17, 1925.

continued to grow and crop normally, showing
that no help was required, it is extraordinary
that none of the manures showed any influence
at all. One would expect the annual dress.
ings of stable manure or fertiliser containing
nitrate of soda, starting when the trees had
been planted only three years, would have
resulted in rank growth and retarded bearing.

The experimenters do not attempt to
apply their results to conditions other than
those obtaining in cultivated orchards in New
York State. They recognise that other experi.
ments indicate that fertilisers are of value
on thin or worn-out land, or in orchard trees
that are making weak growth. Also that,
“if grass orchards were considered in this
connection it would be apparent at once
that there is hardly a single exception to
the general rule that grass orchards respond
markedly to nitrogenous fertilisers.”

lt is probably a safe rule for orchards in
this country, as in America, that manure
is not needed so long as the trees ure
cropping well and making a certain amount
of growth. But so soon as the trees cease
to do this, or show signs of “going back."
they certainly do respond to manures, though
then,

many growers consider that, even
organic manures alone are of any use. Every

gardener must have seen direet results from
the application of farmyard or stable manure.
and many growers in recent years have
improved their trees by manuring thon
through the agency of pigs or poultry. With
regard to mineral fertilisers, negative results
are perhaps more common than not; but I
am by no means satisfied. that they do not
give results in certain circumstances. Markel
(rrower.

GARDEN.

VEGETABLE

HERBS.

THe herb garden and its associations, the
medicinal border and the scented plant
garden are amongst the most charming and
interesting features of any garden.

English cooking does not make [ከሁ
demands on herbs that French cooking does,
consequently French gardeners give more

space and attention to the cultivation of
herbs, but if the demand for many of the
lesser known herbs is not so great in
England as on the continent, it is worth
while to set aside a garden entirely for

these plants for their charm alone.

In choosing 8 site for the herb
the essentials are. full exposure to sunshine
and a ርር circulation of air. A position
facing south-east or south-west, not enclosed

garden

by tall trees but sheltered with a low
hedge, is ideal. Any good garden — soil
suits most herbs, though, naturally, the
same soil will not suit all equallw well.

Some are naturally rock or mountain plants
and do not mind how dry the soil is,
others, like the members of the Mint family,

love moisture; one or two, including Rue
and Fennel thrive in poor soils, while
others demand rich soil. No doubt the old

superstition that some plants are antipathetic

to others originated in the fact that the
soil which suited the one was unsuited to
the other, | Hue will not thrive near Basil,
it was believed, but Rue and the Fie-tree

are in league. Dill, Coriander, Mallows and
Chervil love to be together, while Radish
and Hyssop refuse to have anything to do

with cach other. Yet, frequently, in spite
of the likes and dislikes of the plants, the
gardener has, perforee, to grow different
families side by side, and it is wonderful
how, with a little management, difficulties
may be overcome.

The site having been chosen, the prepara-

tion of. the ground is practically the sume

as for any other class of plants. The size,
shape, layving-out and planting of the herb

garden will. depend on the taste of the
owner, but whatever the shape of the piece
of ground, a charming effect may be pro-

JANUARY 17, 1925.

duced on the following lines. A com-
paratively narrow border, which may be ag

little as a foot wide in a small garden or
two feet to three feet wide in a large
garden, may be arranged on the outside-
edge. If the garden is a — rectangular one
the corners may be rounded off on the
inside, thus increasing the width of the
border at these points and making them
suitable for — larger.growing — plants. The
border should be edged with tiles and a
path two feet wide made with tiles hud
on edge to finish off two inches lower than
those which edge the border. Fhe central
part of the garden may be laid out in
groups of small beds to contain single
varieties of herbs and the necessary con.
necting paths to the outside made in the
same way. Broken tiles will do. quite well

provided one edge 15 good, and they should
be laid not too closely together and with
the soil packed firmly between them so that
the smaller Thymes and Mints may be
encouraged to partially cover them and
help to hold them together.

Whether planting should be done in
autumn or spring depends somewhat on
circumstances, Losses often occur during
severe winters after autumn and parti-

cularly late autumn. planting, but. on the
whole 1 strongly advocate autumn. planting
for the hardy kinds. Tf strong plants. are
well. planted in early autumn they become
established quickly and seldom succumb even
to severe winters. This is an age of en-
closed) gardens, and if the site chosen is
not already an enclosed one, a hedge of
Golden Cupressus or Retinospora adds to
the beauty of the herb garden.

Many of the most useful kitehen herbs
are raised from seeds, and they include
annuals and biennials. I will take the
annuals first, and begin with the more
tender ones. In their native country
several of these plants would be perennial
but because they are. killed. by frost. in our
winters we have to treat them as annuals.

The tender annuals include Sweet Mar-
joram. Origanum Marjorana; Sweet Basil.
Ocymum Basilicum ; Bush Basil, Ocymum
minimum: and Summer Savoury, Natureia
hortensis; also the less familiar Purslanes.
The tender annuals well repay the trouble
of sowing the seeds in gentle warmth in
the beginning of April, growing them on in
cool conditions and finally planting them
out at the end of Muy. 18) very warn
gardens on light soils most. of these will
succeed if sown outside where they are to

remain, about the end of April. [[ this
practice is followed, thinning should take
place immediately the plants are large
enough to handle or serious cheeks will
ensue. Sweet Basil needs a rich soil and
Sweet Marjoram a sandy one. A rich, light

soil suits Summer Savoury, while the Purs-
lanes need a little more watering than most
other herbs, and of the two Purslanes, the
green one is a little hardier than the
golden one. Nwect Marjoram is one of the
most delightful of kitehen herbs and was
much beloved by our forefathers, so much
so that in earlier tines to be called the
“Sweet Marjoram of the Nalad“ was the

highest compliment that could be given
one, Summer Savoury 15 in great request
for stufħngs for many meat dishes, and

makes for wholesomeness as well as pleasant-
ness. Jt may be used also for boiling with
Peas, for Pea-soup, and for garnishing
dishes, like Chervil and Parsley. The thick
stems of the Purslanes are liked by many
in salads, and of old. they were credited
with the power of curing a vast number
of diseases.

The bardy pot-herbs
give no trouble except
enough to keep up a succession, Two of
these, Chervil and Parsley, should always
be at hand to piek from both in summer and
winter. Cheryil is one of our nost fasci-
nating herbs, yet comparatively [11119 grown
m English gardens, though in France it is

raised frome seed
that of sowing often

ax commonly grown as Parsley and is a
welcome change from that herb. Why this
should be it is difficult to state, as Chervil

is quite as hardy and even easier to

grow than Parsley, the flavour is much
milder and the young leaves are excellent
in soups and salads, while for garnishing

it is more artistic than the heavier foliaged
Parsley. Should. successional crops be re-
quired, the seeds may be sown any time
between March and October. August and
September seedlings may be used the same
winter and all the protection the planta
need 14 a reed-hurdle or box-frame during
the severest part of the winter. W. Auton.

(To be concluded.)

AN ONION CALENDAR.
THE Onion 15 so
in the kitchen
should be made by the
bulbs available for use
throughout the vear.
done by adopting a

sowings and plantings,

vegetable
endeavour
gardener to have
so far as possible
This may best be
policy of successive

Important ዜ
that a strenuous

For those who have the necessary space
and convemtence E would. suggest. the follow-

ing method, which F will. put into diary
form, it. being distinctly understood. that the
dates are only given as approximate. The
actual dates of sowing and planting should
be governed by the district, the weather,
the condition of the 401]. and the require-
ments of the establishment.

During January sow seeds of a variety
of the Ailsa Craig type in a heated green-
house, with a view to planting the seedlings
out in April.

At the first favourable opportunity in
February plant out seedling Onions raised
from seed sown outside during the preceding
August. These are intended to forin fairly
large Onions in July and August. Plant
also nt about the same time some Shallots,
also some Potato Onions, whieh are relished
in some households.

Early in March make the main sowing of
Onions out-of-doors. For this purpose select
Varieties which are noted. for their long-
keeping qualities, This. sowing should pro-
vide Onions of medium size. To ensure
having Onions of all sizes, the plot of
spring-sown Onions may be divided into
three parts. Phe plants in one part should
be thinned to about six inches apart, to
provide Onions next in size to those which
are raised under glass. Another portion of
the bed may be left entirely unthinned to
produce small Onions for pickling, and those
hard Onions, pushing each other out of the

ground, are best for keeping for a long
time. ከሩ third portion. may be merely
thinned as there is a need for the green
Onions for salad.

During April the plants raised under glass
in January will be fit for setting out on
deeply tilled and liberally manured soil, the
endeavour being in this case to produce
monster Onions which will be found useful
for culinary as well as for. exhibition
purposes.

Should there be a demand for
Onions, which is not likely to be
a selection of the small Onions from the
outside sowing of March, a further sowing
expressly for pickling may be made late in

pickling
met by

April or early in May. For this sowing
poor soil should be chosen, and the seeds
should be sown thickly and the seedlings
left unthinned, so as to ensure. small, hard
and well ripened Onions. The Queen. type
is best for this sowing.

Towards the end of July seeds. of the

variety White Lisbon may be sown for the
purpose of producing. small green Onions. in

the carly spring. As they are thinned for
this purpose the others will. become larger
and will be found useful. for pulling in an

advanced green state during late. spring and
early summer. Sowing at this date would
n many cases be too early for the pro-

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE. | 45

vision of plants for setting out in February

as there would be a greater tendency for
the plants to run to seed. That is why 1
would advise a further sowing about the
middle of August, which would be morc
dependable. The reason I advise the July
sowing is to make sure of getting some
green. Onions for salad at as early a date

as possible in the new year.

Where all these sowings and plantings are
possible there should be no difficulty in
having Onions in some form or another
throughout the year, and there should be
sufficient — varioty for all purposes. by
sowing in tho autumn and under glass in
the new year, and also by including
Shallots and Potato Onions, there 18 practi-
cally a guarantee that should. there. be
trouble with the Onion. fly, there will still
be a sufficiency of Onions. Wiliam F.
Rowles.

HOME CORRESPONDENGE,

Onion Cranston’s Excelsior v. Ailsa Craig.—-
The friendly corrections in the issue of
January 3, re Ailsa Craig, amounts to little.
It does not matter whether bulbs were grown

on Ailsa Craig or in the Marquis of Ailsa's

garden so long as the Onion is recognised,
and the honour of its introduction credited
to the late Mr. John Cranston. Cranston's
Excelsior and Ailsa Craig Onion seed are
bracketed) by some seedsmen, and as the
price is the same this amounts to an

acknowledgment that the names mean the
same thing. The writer has grown the Onion
under both names for years, and an experiment
made with a view to finding any difference
has failed. Under both names there is the
same variation in shape. The mere fact of
saving and harvesting Onion seed in Scotland
does not create a new variety. Pomona.

Bees and Apple Fertilisation.-- In your issue
of December 20, 1924, W. T. asks:—" Do
bees assist in the fertilisation of Apples” ነ
No far as my experience goes, they do not.

Three years ago 1 took a swarm of bees
and put them im the orchard, with a view
to the fertilisation of Apples. In 1923 we
had a beautiful lot of blooms and I was
particularly careful to notice whether the
bees worked amongst them. Although the
bees were in the orchard 1 never saw one

on any of the Apple trees. In 1924 the
trees again bloomed well; they were, in
fact, covered in. flowers, but not a bee came
near them. Not far from the orchard in

question. there is à wall covered with Pears.
The latter bloomed well in 1924, and the
trees were crowded with bees during flowering
time, and we had a good set. This is
proof that bees prefer Pear to Apple bloom

Although we had had a fine lot of Apple
bloom in the orchard during the last two
years, it failed to set, and we had very
few | Apples, whereas in other years wo
usually gathered. well over one hundred
bushels of fruits. 1 hope to give. the bees

another trial in 1925 before I finally condemn

them with regard. to the fertilisation of
Apples. N. Molyneux, | Hookesbury Park
Gardens, Wickham, Hants.

Brazil or Para Nuts.-—The recent review

((fard. Chron., December 27, 1924), seems to
bear indication. of U.S.A. rather than of
local colouring ; for instance, the State of

Amazonas is called Amazonia ; the forest
knife or *“ Facio " becomes the Spanish
machete. Perhaps | some botanist would
correct me, bnt I was always under the
impression that the number of Nuts in a
pod was eight, and not twelve. to twenty-

two: anyhow, a fine pod. before me contains
but eight. as seen through the. terminal hole,

and agrees with my. recolleetion of the
number found in the few pods I opened
locally. Is the tree (Bertholletia excelsa)

really of exceptionally high growth? Is it

46 THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. Jancary 17, 1925,
not rather the effect of the struggle for on the petals and lip. It was a beaut
light in the Amazonian forest (so different SOCIETIES. group of grand flowers and was well worthy

from the Malayan jungle); the only isolated

trees I saw had become so from the
removal of non-fruit bearing neighbours,
leaving the *'Castanha " tree in the form
that they had made it acquire. Certamly.

the isolated and perhaps cultivated ally, the
Sapucaya, were of no great height. From a
book on the State of Para it would appear
that the bark of the tree, not the substance
of the pod, is used for oakum; I was told
that the pod of the allied Sapucaya was
used as a sort of filter, and the water or
extract obtained had the reputation of being

good for diabetes. There was great excite-
ment amongst the brokers when the Nuts
came “down river," and one would hear
them discussing "*erackings," one rejoicing
in à seventy per cent, another deploring
n fifty per cent, or some such figures.

good and bad ones in a
lot bought

according to the
casually-selected hundred. from ከ

‘on spec." The Nuts were put on board
the exporting steamer by handing up smallish
baskets along a line of porters, and they

had a regular chanty as each lot was passed
up the line; it began “ Primeira! Primeira ! `
(rst); then, as number two went along,
“ እ'ዘዐ e primeira e secunda! Patrão !", and
so on, terceira, quarta with the corrective
advance and invocation to the employer.
In those days, now twenty-five years ago,
there was no attempt to cultivate the tree :

in places, these and other fruit — trees
(Avocados, Abricos, ete.) were left in sete
and became ‘cultivated © — when their
neighbours were felled: an estate was

valued according to the number of such or
of rubber trees it contained. When in the
Malay States not long afterwards. I said:
“Why do you put all your eggs in the one

basket of Parà rubber: vou have already
had a bitter. experience with Coffee. If Para
rubber will grow here. why not try Para

or Brazil Nuta as well?” Or, again, seeing
that then the native guttapercha was being
decimated, and its product fetching twice
the price of rubber: *Why not give attention
to that in its native 801 ? But there, I
believe, the matter ended. H. E. Durham.

Big-bud in Currant and Nut Bushes. —lhe
mites which cause big-bud in the Currant.
are distinct from those found in Nut-bushes.
If found side by side this indicates rather
that conditions favour their development
than that the mites migrate from Currant
to Nut or Nut to Currant. The buds
should be removed and burnt, or the
branches cut away; then dusting with lime

and sulphur may be found effective. There
are many Other kinds of injurious mites
besides these. Hilderic Friend

Young Gardeners of To-day. With refer-
ence to the — correspondence whieh has

appeared in your columns on * Young
Gardeners of To-day,“ l am sure that many
head gardeners are wondering half sadly
what will become of many young men
who are working under them. The head
gardener, no matter how proficient he him-
self is in his work, can contribute. but a
fraction towards the training and building-
up of young gardeners so that they are
possessed of self-discipline and wide vision.
Success, as in any other profession, is
obtained by the young man’s own efforts.
J. Kneller, Penhryn Castle Gardens, Bangor.

Apple Cox's Orange Pippin.-——The defolia-
tion of this Apple, referred to by Mr. G.

Carpenter (p. 13), was, I believe, entirely
due to the wet. sunless season. It has
occurred with me during the past two

vears aud crops have been light and the fruits
small and rough. This variety is evidently

more tender than most, and cannot. endure
unfavourable conditions. It seems to do
best in a hot, dry season. In the year of
severe drought, 1921, Cox's Orange. Pippin
produced enormous fruits and looked very
happy. Market Grewer.

— —

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL.

JavvARY 13. -The first meeting of the
vear was held in Vincent Square on the
above date, and the occasion was favoured
bv a fogless day, although the attendance
Of visitors was rather poor. There were
some very striking exhibits of Orchids and
Carnations, and rock garden displays were
prominent amongst the floral groups. There
was an exceedingly choice exhibit of
vegetables, and a unique collection of

Citrus fruits gathered from the gardens of

La Mortola, Ventimigila, Italv, which at-
tracted considerable attention.
Orchid Committee.

Present: Messrs. Frederiek J. Hanbury

(in the chair), Gurney Wilson (Hon. Sec.),

C. J. Lucas, 4. Wilson Porter, [፲. R.

McBean, W. H.
Shill, John

Ashton, J. €C. Cowan, A.
Smith, T. Armstrong, J. E.

Cypher, Fred K. Sander, Charles H. Curtis,
S. W. Flory, A. Dye, E. F. Moore, W. T.
Pitt, €. Cookson, and Stuart Low.
FIRST-CLASS CERTIFICATE.
Cypripedium Gwen Hannen var. Field
Marshal (Florence Spencer < Christopher var.
Grand Duke Nicholas). A large flower of
the €. Chrystopher type. The huge dorsal
sepal 18 mostly white, but on the green

base and central area there are purple and
rose-purple spots. The petals hang forward

so much that they spoil the form of the
flower; they and the lip are Apple-green,
the former having a brown central line.

4

Shown by G. FE. Moonr, Esq.

AWARDS OF MERIT.

Cypripedium Stamperland car, Alpha (Glorita
እ: Christopher var. Grand. Duke Nicholas).
This is one of the very big.flowered Cypri-
pediums: it has a huge dorsal sepal, white,
with green centre and brownish-purple
spots; the wide-spread petals are pale
green, with a pinkish tinge, and the lip is
of somewhat similar colouring. Shown ከኑ
R. PATERSON, Esq., Cathcart, Glasgow.

Cypripedium Worsleyi (Hestia x Lady
Dillon), A very fine. bold hybrid, with
wide, rounded dorsal sepal which has a
white ground, a small green base. and an
abundance of glistening deep purple spots
and dots, the markings being largest over
the central area. The petals and lip are
green, shaded with brown, and there is a

deeper medium band on the former. Shown
by H. Wonsrky, Esq., Stonchouse, Haslingden.

Laelio-Cuttleya Pepita var. splendens (L.-C.
St. Gothard ፈ L.C. Colmaniana) A handsome
hybrid showing ample evidence of the St.
Gothard parent. The broad petals and the
sepals are purplish-rose, and the big, frilled
lip. is intense purple., with pale margin and
old gold markings in the throat. Shown by
Messrs. COWAN AND Co.

Cypripedium Mrs. Eley var. Derrick (Christo-
pher var. Grand Duke Nicholas x Commodore ).-
A finely formed flower with broad. rounded,
flat, dorsal sepal, white, with green base, and
soft purple spottings; the petals and lip are
green, the former marked with brown. Shown
by G. F. Moore, Esq.

(GROUPS.

A magnificent group of Cypripediums was
arranged by G. F. Moore, 1:5ባ. (gr. Mr.
Page); every plant — was finely — grown
and large numbers of the hybrids were

raised at Chardwar, Bourton-on-the-Water,
Mr. Moore has obtained extraordinary develop-
ment in the dorsal sepal of his hybrids,
and this is particularly noticeable in C. Mrs,
Eley var. Derrick, C. Chrysostum and its
varieties, and C. Gwen Hannen in many fine
varieties. Other capital sorts were C. Memoria
If. J. Elwes, C. Christopherson, €. The Great
Mogul, with. beautiful bronze tinting: and
C. Akbar, with heavy purple-brown markings

of the Gold Medal awarded.

A capital group was exhibited by Messrs.
J. CYPHER AND Sous, and it consisted
chiefly of finely grown Cypripediums with

half-a-dozen long, arching spikes of Calanthe
Bella. Among the Cypripediums, C. Queen
of Italy, C. Ballet. Girl, and C. Nydia were
conspicuously good (Silver Banksian Medal).

H. T. Prrr, Esq. (gr. Mr. Thurgood) ex.
hibited Odontoglossum Purple Emperor, with

three grand flowers; this superb Odonto-
glossum was placed under a big bell-glas:
and proved a great attraction. In his
well arranged group of Orchids, Mr. Pitt

of Cypripediums,
Pitt, various

showed a goodly number
the famous Miltonioda William
Odontoglossums, Epidendrum Find resiv-
Wallisii, Odontonia Longowyi, some Cym-
bidiums, and a spike of the handsome Eulo-
phiella Rolfei (Silver-Gilt. Banksiam Medal).
Several pretty Cypripediums were shown
by Messrs. Frony ANnp BLACK, and the most
attractive was C. Golden Wren var. Fairy,
which gleams finely under sunlight. A
beautiful specimen of Odontioda Coligne var.
Red Start, with glowing red, whitish-margined
flowers of large size. was exhibited by H.
BorrowN, Esq. (gr. Mr. Lyne), Claygate Lodge,

Claygate. H. WoRstLEY Esq.. Stonehouse,
Haslingden. Lanes, also exhibited Cypri-
pediums and secured an award for C.
Worslevi.

Messrs. J. axb A. McBean contributed a
few plants, including one of their fine strain
of white Odontoglossum crispum and one
of Odontonia Ceres, with six widely-expanded,
white and brown flowers. A fine specimen
of Cypripedium Leeanum var. Clinkaberry-
anum, shown by Mr, Harry Dixon, Wands-

worth Common, carried sixteen fine fiowers,
and won a Cultural Certificate.
Messrs. COWAN AND Co `s exhibit included

capital examples of Cattleya Douai, Brasso-
Cattleya British Queen, Laclio-Cattleya Pepita,
L.-C. Hassallii alba, Odontoglossum crispum
xanthotes, Oncidium spendidum, and a good
set of Cypripediums (Silver Banksian Medal).

Messrs. SANDERS’ exhibit consisted of a
few Cypripediums, Cymbidiums, and Calanthes,

Cypripedium insigne var. Pavlova is a
beautiful form, with light, clear — yellow
colouring save for the white margin and

apex to the dorsal sepal.
Floral Committee.

Section. A.--Present: Messrs. H. B. May (in
the Chair), J. F. MeLeod, Arthur Turner, H.

J. Jones, J. M. Bridgeford, Wm. Howe,
J. B. Riding. Donald Allan, E. ፲፪. Janes,
D. Ingamells, |". Streeter, F. G. Cousins,

W. B. Gingell, D. 15.
Cartwright (Secretary).
Seetion B... Present:

Crane, and W. D.
Messrs. W. J. Bean
(in the Chair), J. Hudson, E. H. Wilding,
W. B. Cranfield. F. G. Preston, Reginald
Cory, T. Hay, Clarence Elliott, G. Yeld, E.
A. Bowles, R. (€. Noteutt, and G. W.
Loder.
፲በፎፕፐ-("ላ=5 CERTIFICATE.

Crocus. chrysanthus Snow Bunting.—A very
charming form of this variable species with
large flowers which, when fully opened, are
delightful to behold. The inner surface of
the perianth segments is a rich, creamy:
vellow colour with a satiny lustre, and the

base is marked with a well-defined zone of
orange-vellow. The outer surface is marked

and feathered with purplish-slate lines which
converge m a brownish-slate coloured blotch.

The anthers are brownish-yellow and the
stigmata bright, orange-scarlet. Shown by
E. A. Bowres, Esq., Myddleton House,
Waltham Cross,

AWARDS OF MERIT.

Pycnostachys Dawei. A. well-known winter-
flowering. greenhouse plant. which was first

flowered at Kew in 1906. from seeds collected
the previous year by Mr. M. T. Dawe in the
Uganda districts or Mabira and South Buddu.

Although the specimens exhibited had been
grown near to London they had evidently

መመመ — MÀ —M — — — — — — — — — —— — — — —

JANUARY 17, 1925.

escaped injury from the dense fogs which
have been experienced of late, and this
fact alone. apart from the beauty of the
plant, should recommend it for more exten.
sive cultivation in and around industrial
centres. The labiate flowers are a very
striking shade of blue and are borne in a
compact head, crowned with a hairy cone
of unopened flowers, the sheaths of which

have a reddish-bronze tone. The growth is
loosely branched and reaches a height of
about four feet. Shown by Messrs. L. R.
RUSSELL, Ltd., Richmond.

Primula malacoides Courtland’s Seedling.—-A
Very vigorous form comparatively free from
farina on the flower scapes, and outstanding
on account of the strength of growth and

large size of the individual flowers. The
colour is a clear, lilac-pink; the petals are
deeply bifid. Shown by P. W. Carver,
5sq., West Hoathley, Sussex.
GROUPS.
in a corner of the hall Messrs. L. R.
RUSSELL, Ltd., showed a miscellaneous

collection of greenhouse plants, the centre
of the display being occupied with the
blue Pycnostachys Dawei. Other interesting
flowering plants were Strelitzia Reginae,
Habrothamnus elegans, and Acacia platyptera,
together with foliage subjects in variety.
(Silver Banksian Medal.) Mr. J. W. FORSYTH
brought a fine collection of Cyclamens, and

included among the many varieties were
magnificent specimens of Giant White
Wonder, the flowers of which are exceed.
ingly large, pure white, and beauti.
fully formed. There were also numbers
of frilled varieties in white, salmon, and
Rose-pink colours, one of the prettiest
being Lady Helen Cassel, of a distinct

shade of silvery Rose-pink, flushed with
mauve around the “eye.” (Silver Banksian
Medal.)

Carnations were exhibited in fine condition
by Messrs. STUART, Low AND Co, the
newer varieties being represented by Mauve
Queen, a Lilac-pink variety of good form:

Lady Hindslip, richly- flaked, with white
ground pencilled with scarlet; and Sheila
Greer, deep Apricot and salmon.scarlet.

The same firm also showed a collection of
Cyclamens, and Hippeastrums with Camellias
employed as a background. (Silver Banksian
Medal.) :

Messrs. ALLwoop 88058. contributed a
magnificent display of Carnations, prominence
being given to Laddie, Master Michael
Stoop, a rich, cerise vanety of large size
and firm texture ; Maine Sunshine, yellow ;
White Pearl; Beauty of Durham, rich,
salmon-cerise; and Butterfly, a strangely
mottled flower of wine colour and white.

(Silver-Gilt Banksian Medal.) In the
collection of Carnations staged by Mr. C.
ENGELMANN, Janet, glowing cerise; Mrs.
Walter Hemus, salmon-pink; and Red
Laddie, a deep Rose.scarlet sport from
Laddie, were the principal varicties. (Bronze
Banksian Medal.)

Messrs. JAMES CARTER AND Co. had a

very bright group of Iris tingitana arranged
in baskets and bowls. (Bronze Banksian
Medal.) Mr. Erissa J. Hicks exhibited
forced Roses of exceptional quality for the
time of year. A few of the best flowers
were of Chas. 15. Shea, pink; Premier, deep

Rose; Joanna Bridge, Apricot ; and Coral
Cluster, a dainty, salmon.pink Polyvanthus
variety. (Bronze Banksian Medal.)

There were a number of groups of hardy
flowers suitable for rock garden displays,
and the most comprehensive exhibit was
staged by Messrs. WaTERER, SONS, AND
CRISP, LTb. Crocus Sieberi was represented
by a large drift of flowers, while other
Lhleralds of the spring were Narcissus minor
und N. triandrus albus, Iris sind.per, two
pretty, violet-coloured varieties of [. per.
sind named Ruby and Harbinger, I. alata,
Galanthus Elwesii, and Adonis amurensis
(Silver Banksian Medal) Mr. REUTHE
showed freely flowered branches Rhodo-

(t.

of

-~

THE GARDENERS’

Ericas
(Bronze

dendron mucronulatum,
and Alpines in pots.
Medal).

In the display from Messrs. J. CHEAL AND
Sons, LTD., were Sternbergia lutea, Iris
reticulata, Primula Wanda, and the silver
foliaged Helichrysum rosmarinifolium, which
contrasted well with the bronze leaves of
Shortia galacifolia. There were also a number
of dwarf Conifers arranged about the group
(Bronze Banksian Medal). -

Just inside the entrance Messrs. Wy.
CUTBUSH AND Son, Lrp., had a low-lying
rock garden, planted with masses of Helleborus

in variety,
Banksian

niger, Crocus Sieberi, Iris reticulata, and
other spring-flowering plants. Amongst the
shrubs was a heavily fruited specimen of

Cotoneaster horizontalis and a group of the
white-flowered Andromeda polifolia (Silver
Banksian Medal).

One of the most interesting displays from
an educational stand-point was an exhibit
of dried leaves of Rhododendrons, represent-
ing and arranged according to their sections,
and mounted so as to show the beauty of
the veinings and tomentum of the under-
sides of the leaves. This exhibit was the
work of Miss BETTY and Master CHARLES
McLaAREN, Bodney, aged thirteen and eleven
years respectively, who were deservedly
awarded a Silver Banksian Medal, in addition
to receiving the congratulations of the members
of the Floral Committee (section B).

Fruit and Vegetable Committee.
Present: Messrs. C. G. A. Nix (chairman),

J. Cheal W. Poupart, P. C. M. Veitch,
H. S. Rivers, G. F. Tinley, S. B. Dicks,
WwW. F. Giles. A. Metcalfe, A. Bullock,
H. Prince. E. Neal, E. Laxton W. H.
Divers, F. G. ‘Treseder, E. A. Bunyard,
ላ. N. Rawes, H. V. Taylor and W. G.
Lobjoit.

The chairman referred to the great loss
the Committee had sustained in the death
of Mr. W. Bates, who was one of the

oldest members; general regret was expressed
by the members present at the loss of
such an old and valued colleague. and it
was resolved to send a message of condo-
lence to his fanily from the Committee.

Mr. E. Beckerr showed the Venetian
variegated Chicory, a variety with a con-

siderable amount of colouring in the foliage;
it is said to make a very pretty feature
in salads. Mr. S. B. Dicks stated that
this particular Chicory was well known and
in general cultivation.

Several varieties of Oranges sent from
Mr. Hanbury' gardens at La Mortola,
Ventimiglia, Italy, by Mr. Bracers, the

gardener, were sampled. but none was of any
special merit, the best being Citrus nobilis
sanguinea. The fruits formed part of a large
collection of Citrus species and varieties
from La Mortola, for which a Silver-Gilt
Hogg Medal was awarded. The exhibit was
intended for the meeting on December 16,
but, owing to the Christmas traffic, the fruits

were delayed and did not reach the Hall
until the 17th ult., consequently they were
not nearly so attractive as they would
have been 11 a fresher condition, for each

one was gathered and sent with stalks and
foliage, but these had dropped during the
time they had been stored. Some, such as
Citrus nobilis sanguinea, were very small
fruits, and others, such as C. decumana,
Pampelmous dolce, were as big as Mangel-
wurzels.

Messrs. SUTTON
excellent exhibit
most of the kinds
in all 125 dishes.

AND Sons staged a very
of vegetables, including
available at this season,
There were exceptionally
fine Leeks of the — Aequisition— variety,
enormous Onions of the Ailsa Craig type:
some smaller, but excellent quality bulbs of
Al Onion: large Parsnips of Tender and
True and Student varicties; perfectly shaped
roots of Scarlet. Intermediate, Matchless, and
Early Gem Carrots: round Beet ot The
Globe variety, and long Beet of the Pine-
apple sort; Christmas Drumhead Cabbage, a

CHRONICLE.

*

47

nice selection of Potatos, Brussels Sprouts,
Scorzonera, Mustard and Cress, Shallots,
Garlic, Italian Corn Salad, and many others
(Gold Medal).

Messrs. G. BuxvaRD AND Co. LTD., were
awarded a Silver-gilt Hogg Medal for a

collection of Apples and one or two dishes
of Pears. This also was a very noteworthy
exhibit, especially for a January show.

Amongst the varieties that appeared in best
condition were Belle de Boskoop, Brownlees'
Russet, Cox's Orange Pippin, a wonderful
colour; Stark, Wagener, Striped Beefing,
Winter Queening, Claygate Pearmain, Emperor
Alexandra, | Norman's Pippin, Christmas
Pearmain, Newton Wonder, Barnack Beauty,
Gascoyne's Scarlet, Chas. Ross and Ribston
Pippin. Tho Pears included fine dishes of
Easter Beurré and another of Glou Morceau.

NEWCASTLE HORTICULTURAL.

IN an address entitled, “ The position
of Potatos to-day," which was recently
delivered before the members of this Society,
Mr. C. W. Mayhew, Horticultural Adviser
to the Northumberland County Council,
stated that the present high prices of seed-
sets were partly due to the fact that in
1922, when there was a very satisfactory
crop, the prices for ware Potatos were
exceptionally low, so low, in fact, that
acreages had been decreased owing to the
poor returns. The vears 1923 and 1924
were by no means good ones for the crop,
and a combination of causes had brought
about the high prices which were being
asked for seed-sets this year. The speaker
was of the opinion that home-grown seed
should be used for this coming season, as
Northumberland and Durham produced seed.
sets of excellent vitality.

Mr. Mayhew also referred to the trials of
Potatos conducted at Cockle Park, where
it had been found that maincrop varieties
planted in February and March gave a
heavier yield than when set in April or
May.

Amongst the oxhibits there
display of Apples, staged by Mr. 3. B.
MERCER, Maidstone, Kent, while of flowers
the specimen of Begonia (loire de Lorraine
gained a special prize for Mr. S. SMELLING,
Undercliffe Gardens, Sunderland.

was a good

MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND
ORCHID.

Fripay, January 9.—-Committee present:
D. Losh Thorpe, Esq. (in the chair), Messrs.
A. Burns, A. Coningsby. J. Cypher, G. Giles,
A. Keeling, E. W. Thompson, and H. Arthur
(Secretary).

FIRST-CLASS CERTIFICATES.

Cypripedium Worsley: (Hestia x Lady
Dillon) —A large, well-formed flower with a
dorsal sepal three-and-a-half inches across
with a green base, spotted with purple,
and with a broad. white margin; the broad
petals are lined brown and spotted. Cypri-
pedium “Kethar (Nirvana x R. Ashworth).—A

variety with a white dorsal sepal three-
and-a-quarter inches across; the base 18
green, delicately spotted with brown, and
there is a brown line down the contre;
the bronzy-yellow petals have also a line

centre. From H. Wors try, Esq.

Cypripedium The Admiral (parentage un-
known).—A well-shaped flower heavily spotted
with reddish-brown and having a green
base. From N. GRaTRIX, Esq.

Odontoglossum Phyllis Giles (Franz Masereel

angustum).—A heavily blotched flower
with a white margin; the large, flat lip has
n maroon bloteh. From A. HANMER, Esq.

Cattleya White Empress (Trian Broomhill
variety Irenc.-—A variety with pure white
sepals petals; the large round white

down the

and

48 THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

JANUARY 17, 1925.

lip has an orange coloured throat. From erstwhile home of one of Aberdeen's cotton acting in such capacity may be called.
P. 831፲፪, Esq. manufacturers —an industry. 4 alas, now de- Assuming. therefore, that the gardens are
Cypripedium Chloris (Lord Wolmer x Mrs. funct. Mr. Fortune retired {from [thence a domestic and not used wholly for trade
H. Jenkinson). —3 well set flower. the dorsal number of years ago. his health. unfor- purposes, it would seer that a licence
sepal being delicately spotted with pink; tunately. giving way. Of a quict and is required for the garden boy. If the
the pouch 15 reddish-brown and the petals unobtrusive nature. he was kindly and other two employees — referred to ure
of the same shade is marked with brown pin — sociable in his dealings with his fellow-men. employed — merely m the capacity ol
spots. From ላ. J. KEELING AND SONS. His advice in professional matters was labourers and do not do the work oi
much sought after and freely given. The under-vardeners, it would | appear that
AWARDS OF MERIT. deceased was the nephew of the -celebrated they are exempt, but the question really
Cypripedium The God Pan (Hermes x Robert Fortune, who for many years was turns on the exact nature of their employ-
Satyr); C. The God Pan var. Bacchante plant collector for the Royal Horticultural ment.
C. The God Pan var. Excelsior; C. The God Society. Mr. John Fortune possessed many Communications Received.—A. W. P.—Nancunlon
Pan var. Silenus and C. The God Pan var. of the characteristics of his famous unele, —E. W.—G. E. D.—C. H. D.— D. S. A.—R. G—
Pipes of Pan. From Mrs. Breck and Miss but. unfortunately, the innate modesty and R. B.—H. W. 8-ጄ. H. A.
WRIGLEY. unostentatious disposition of the man
Cypripedium Victoria (Comorin x Victor obscured much of his work. The funeral ኸ“.. ት.
Hugo) and C. Irishi (Vandyke x Peter Pan). took place at Springbank Cemetery. Aberdeen, TRADE NOTE.
From Mrs. GRATRIX. 2 eee the Soe iem E
— l ris yee who was predecease y his wife ዜ few - | —
Cypri pedan A rU icu Ln vears ago. is survived by two daughters. WARRANTS OF APPOINTMENT.
topher).—Vrom 35. GRATRIX, Heq. THe list of tradesmen for 1925 who hold
Cypripedium Minotaur var. Bonta (nitens Warrants of Appointment to His Majesty
Leeanum var. Becktonia x Euryades var. Rex. King. George V. from the Keeper of the
From Cart. W. HORRIDGE. Privy Purse, with authority to — use the

Odontoglossum amabile mag, Haddon Honse
variety. From P. Smith, Esq.

Oncidium varicosum Birchenallit.
J. BiRCHENALL.

From Mr.

GROUPS.

West. Point,
Silver-gilt

staged a
medal was

N. GRaATRIX. Esq.,
group to which a
awarded.

A large Silver Medal was awarded to Mrs.
Bruce and Miss WRIGLEY, Bury (gr. Mr.
A. Burns), for a group.

Large Nilver Medals were also awarded to
A. HANMER, Esq. Buxton (gr. G. Giles)
and Messrs. J. CYPHER AND NONS, Cheltenham,
for miscellaneous groups of Orchids.

Obituary.

to learn
Bates, of Cross
died on Saturday,
the advanced
Many vears have

William Bates. We deeply regret
of the death of Mr. William
Deep, Twickenham. He
January 10, having reached
age of seventy-five years.

passed since Mr. Bates was gardener at
Cross Deep. a private establishment then
famous in the horticultural world. Amongst
other things, he was distinguished as a

cultivator and exhibitor of Chrysanthemuins.
Eventually, Mr. Bates took over the Cross
Deep gardens and convertod them into a
market garden, where he continued to
carry on business until the last. One of
the founders of the Royal Gardeners’ Orphan
Fund, Mr. Bates probably held the record
for attendance at meetings of the Executive
Committee > indeed, he took a great interest
in this charity from its beginning until. the

end of his days. For fifty-two vears Mr.
Bates resided at ‘Twickenham, and for
twenty-five years was a member of the
Twickenham District Council, and on the

oecasion of his retirement he was presented
with a large, framed portrait of himself as
an appreciation of the publie spirit ከር had
always shown. Mr. Bates’ knowledge of

fruits and vegetables was a wide one, and,
because of this, he held a seat on the
Fruit and Vegetable Committee of the
Royal Horticultural Society over a very
long period of years. The funeral took
place on Thursday, January ]5th, at the

Parish Chureh, Twieckenham.

John Fortune. —w« much regret to announce
the death of Mr. John Fortune at his
home, 41, Belgrave Terrace, Aberdeen, in
the 78th vear of his age. Born at Blair-
Adam, Kinross-shire, where his father was
for many years gardener, the — deceased
adopted his fathers profession, and served
his upprenticeship at Blair-Adam., There-
after he occupied important posts in
several leading gardens in England and
Scotland, finally taking up the duties of
gardener at Denmore, Aberdeenshire, the

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

NAMES OF Puants: d. B. H.
sempervirens. A. B. S. Jasminum grandi-
forum. H. G. R. Y Scirpus lacustris
variegatus; 2, Liriope striata: 3. Asplenium

Viburnum

Nidus-avis; 4, Phlebodium aureum: 5. not
recognised, send in flower; 6, we do not
» undertake to name Roses; 7, Andromeda

floribunda; S, Phlomis fruticosa: 9, Choisya
temata: 10, — Polypodium Mayenianum.
C. R. F. T. 4. Aloe verrucosa: P. M.
(a) Chinkerichee, Ornithogalum lacteum:
(b) probably Helichrysum grandiflorum ;
Mrs. W., Ornithogalum lacteum: C. 6. D.,
Smilax aspera.

NaMES OF Fruits: K. K. oT, Lady's Finger
of Lancaster; 2, Golden Reinette: 3.
decayed; 4, Winter Greening: 5, Bramley's

Seedling; 6, Golden Noble. ፡. E. 4A.
Yorks. 7, Marie Benoist: 10 and 2l,
Winter Nelis: H. Red Doyenné (syn.
Doyenné Gris): 12, Soldat Laboureur: 13,

and
17. Josephine de
Prince. Consort: 19,

Bergamot Esperen; 14. Colombia: 15
1G. Doyenné du Comice:
Malines: 18, Huyshe's

Délices d'Angers: 20. William Victoria.
W. B. 1, Mere de Ménage; 2. Wormsley

Pippin: 3. Fearn’s Pippin.

Rock PLAnTs Eastny Ratsep FROM Steps:
E. F. C. The following rock plants are
hardy and would give a good variety of
comparatively showy flowers for your hot,
dry position. Should any show signs of
suffering from the. drought. you should
place a few stones about them: Acantho-
limon glumaceum ; Achillea argentea ;
Aethionema = grandiflora; Alyssum saxatile
compactum ; Anthemis cupuhiana: Aubrietias,

any; Campanula portenschlagiana; Cheir-
anthus alpinus; Crucianella (Phuopsis)
stylosa; Dianthus caesius; JD. graniticus ;
Dryas octopetala (give lime); Erodium

cheilanthifolium ; E. Maneseavii: Geranium
argenteum ; G. cinereum: G. grandiflorun :
Gypsophila repens: Helianthemums, any:
Helichrysum bellidioides: Linum alpinum.
L. flavum: Nepeta Mussinii; Onosma
tauricum; Oxalis rosea; Naponaria ocy-
moides; Aizoon or Silver Saxifrages. any
of which seed is procurable; Sedum
rupestre: N. spectabile; N. dwersii: N.
kamtsehaticum: S. Iydiun; Silene .Nehafta.

Mixed packets of seeds of Aubrietia and
Helianthemum would suit well for your
purpose. If you care for a Hose Arabis,
A. albida rosea may be raised from seeds,
Which are. obtainable.

TAX ON GARDEN Boys AND LABOURERS:
H. T. P. Under the Revenue Act. 1869.
a licence of fifteen. shillings has 10 be
paid for every male servant employed

wholly or partially as a gardener or

under-gardener or in any other capacity
involving the duties of either of such
servants by whatever style the person

Royal Arms, include. the following :--—

Messrs. Barnards, Ltd.. Gates and Fence
Makers, Norwich: Messrs. Joseph Bentley.
Ltd.. Hortieultural Chemicals, Hull: Messr».
Boulton and Paul Ltd.. Manufacturers of
Wire Sheep Netting, Norwich: Messrs
James Carter and Co. Seedsmen, London:
Messrs. Clibrans, Nurservinen, Altrincham ;
Messrs. W. Cutbush and Non, Ltd.. Nursery-
men, Barnet: Messrs. Dickson and Robinson,
Seedsmen, Manchester ; Messrs. Dickson.
Brown and ‘Tait, Seedsmen, — Manchester :
Messrs. Dicksons and Co.. Nurservmen and

Edinburgh: Messrs. Dicksons, Ltd..

Chester; Messrs. Dobbie and
Seedsmen, Edinburgh : Messrs.
(Hexham). Ltd.. Seedsmen and
Hexham: Messrs. J. Fison. and
Co, Ltd. Chemical Fertilisers, Ipswich :
Messrs. J. Forbes (Huawiek). Ltd.. Nurserv-
men, Hawiek: Messrs. Gree and Sons, Seeds-
men, Biggleswade; Messrs. T. Green and
Non, Ltd.. Horticultural Machine Makers.
London: Messrs. Hogg and Robertson, Ltd..
Seedsmen, Dublin: Messrs. T. Jannock, Nur-
servinen, Dersingham: Messrs. Johnson Bros
and Co. Ltd, fron Fencing Manufacturers,
Walsall: Messrs. J. K King and Sons, Ltd.,
Seedsmen, Coggeshall: Messrs. Laing and
Mather, Seedsmen., Kelso-on-Tweed: Messrs.
Little and Ballantyne, Seedsmen, Carlisle:
Messrs. Mackenzie and Moncur, Ltd., Hot-
house Builders; Edinburgh: Messrs. W. Paul
and — Non, Rose Growers, Waltham Cross;
Messrs. Ransomes, Sims and Jetleries, Agri-
eultural Machinery Makers, Ipswich: Messrs.
R. Sankey and Non, Ltd, Horticultural
Pottery Makers, Nottingham: Messrs. H.
Scott and Horticultural |= Chemical
Manufacturers, London; Messrs. A. Shanks
and Son, Ltd. Lawn Mower Manufacturers.
London: Messrs. Sutton & Sons, Seedsmen,
Reading: Messrs. l'oogood and Sons, Ltd.
Seedsmen, Southampton; Mr. C. ‘Turner,
Nurseryman, Slough; Messrs. E. Webb and
Sons (Stourbridge), Ltd., Seedsmen, Stour-
bridge: nnd Messrs. W. Wood and Son,
Horticultural Specialists, London.

Seedsmen,
Nurserymen,
Co, Ltd..
Fell and Co.
Nurserymen,

Sons,

GARDENING APPOINTMENT.

Mr. Walter Bradley, for the past six months Gardener
to D. Simpson, Esq., Tuesley Court, Godalming, and
previously fifteen years Gardener to H. €. እ.
UNDERDOWN, [፡=([.. Buchenham Tofts Park, Mundford,
Norfolk, as Gardener. to Capt, WALTER STEWART
SAVILE, Ven, Milborne Port, Somerset.

CATALOGUES RECEIVED.

Seeds.

ALS TIN AND MCASLAN, 89. Mitchell Street; Glasgow.
HARRISON AND SONS, Leicester (Wholesale),
SAMPSONS, LTD. 8, Portland Street, Kilmarnock.
LEIGHTON's 36, Rentheld Street, Glasgow.
W. DRUMMOND AND SONS, LTD., 57,

Dublin.
DANIELS Bros., L'tb.. Norwich.
KENT AND DRYDON, LTD., Darlington.
CHARLES SHARPE AND CO., Sleatord (Wholesale)
STUART AND MEIN, Kelso, Scotland.

Dawson Strevt,

JANUARY 17,

1925.

MARKETS.

COVENT GARDEN, ` Tuesday, January 13, 1925.

Plants in Pots, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices..

(ላቭ 48's except where otherwise stated).

THE

s. d. ጸ. d.

Cyrtomium
Erica melanthera,
45's, per doz. ...

. 10 015 0
21 0-30 0

— ብክ], per doz. ኮ 0-10 0
. Hyacinths, in
boxes—
—white, pink and
- blue, per doz.
spikes 30-40

Adiantum s. d. 8. d.

cuneatum

per doz. ... 10 0-18 0 |
- -elegans ... ... 10 0-12 0
Aralia 3ieboldii ... 0 0-10 0
— per

doz. ... 40 0-42 0
Asparagus plu-

mosus ... 12 0-18 0
—Sprengeri . 12 0-18 0
Aspidistra, green 36 0-60 0
Asplenium, per

02. Um . 12 0-18 0

—32'a i . 24 0-30 0
—nidus ... . 12 0-15 0
Cacti, r tray
—12'8, 1 12:5 y, 50-70
Crotons, per doz. 30 0-45 0
a
—32’s ር ... 36 0-48 0
—48's e .. 24 0-30 0

Cut Flowers,
Adiantum deco- s.d.s.d.

rum, doz.bun. 15 0-18 0
—cuneatum, per

doz. bun. ... 12 0-15 0
Asparagus plu-

mosus, per bun.

long trails, 6s 2 0- 30

med. sprays 16-28

short ,, 09-13

—Sprengeri, per bun.

long sprays 20
medium ,. 0- 16
short —,, 04-10
Bouvardia, w hite,
per doz. bun ... 12 0-15 0
Camellias, White,
per box ... 90- 40
Carnations, per
doz. blooms ... 30-50
Croton leaves,
var.. doz. leaves 0 9- 26
Daffodils, per
bunch—
— Double Daffodils 1 6- 2 0
-rolden Spur 1 o- 20
-Soliel d'Or . በ 9-16
Fern, French, per
doz. bun. . OF 13
Freesia, per doz.
bun. 40-18 0
Galax. Americ an,
green and bronze.
per doz. bun. .. — 3.1
French Flowers—
Carnations, per
bun. : [6-20
Marigolds, per pad 7 0-10 0
Mimosa, per pad. 6 0 80
—per bun. sz 202 13
Narcissus, Paper
White per pad 24 0-30 በ
—4oz. bun. 70-90
Rananculus, double
scarlet, doz bun. 18 0-24 0
—Carmine, per
doz. bun 8 0-12 0

|
|

Marguerites, white,
45: 4, per doz. .
Ne phrolepis,

IR 0-30 0

variety ... ... 12 0-18 0

—32's .4, 24 0-36 0
Palms, Kentia ... 30 0-48 0
—É0)'s 22 ... 19 0-18 0
Pteris, in variety 10 0-15 0
—large 60's .. 50-00
—amall . 40-50
—72’s, per tray

of 15's X GC 36

etc.. Average Wholesale Prices.

Roses, Safrano per s.d.s.d.

bun, of two doz.

blooms ... .. DE 0
—per pad.. 5 0-10 0
— Ulrich Brunner.

per doz. blooins 6 0-10 0

Violets, Parma,

per bun. . 060-70
—single, per pad ጻ 0-12 0
Lilac, Dutch, per

spikes .. 40-40
Lilium 15 neifolium

album, per doz.

blooms Es 10-50
—rubruin, long, per

doz. blooms 0-50
—short., ,. 6-26
Lilium longiflorum

long. per doz. ... 12 0-14 0

short ,,- ,, 10 0-12 0
Lily of the V alley, :

per doz. bun. ... 24 0-36 0
Orchids, per doz.
—Cattleyas . 24 0-30 0
—Cypripediums... 5 0 7 0
Prunus triloba

(Dutech), per bun, 10-1 6
Richardias (Aruims)

per doz. 2a. 90-120
Roses, new erop,

per doz. blooms,

Richmond ... 3 07180
Ruseus, French,

per bun. s. 020
Smilax, per doz.

trails ... ... 20-30
Tulips, per bunch --
—t'ouronne d'Or 2 0-236
-—La Reine 20-286
—Mon Tresor 20-30
—Prince or Austria 2 በ- 2 6
—Rosiha . 20-206
A IS Moore 20-20
—Win. Copland... 5 0- ጋ 0

. Violets, per doz.
bun ie 20-80

REMARKS.—There is little alteration in prices or flowers

this week.
the chier line. are
price is slightly easier.

about the
demand,

same price

Paper White
and high

quality ;
season
quality.

ionantha,
good prices.

Forced. Daffodils,
arriving

Scilly
well and the quality is fairly ood.
and are

of Which Golden Spur
large
Solel d'Or. is

sutticient to

been paid for the

this

Vegetables : Average Wholesale Prices.

s.d. s.d.

Beans, Guernsey,

per ih: a — =
— t "T 3 በ- NRI
—Others ... . 026-31
—Madeira, per

box ; 5 60
Beets, per cwt. 46-30
Cabbage, per tally 6 0-10 0
Canary Island

Tomatos .. 6 0-20 0
Cauliflowera, per

doz. 30 40
Forced Mint, per

doz. 0 0-10 0
Celery, best, TEM

per bundle — 26
—Becond . 08-09
Chicory, per lb... 0 3- ዘ-«
Carrots, per cwt. 36-50
Cucumbers cach 24 4.6
Dutch Onions ... 86-06
Endive, per doz. 30-40
English Asparagus-—
—Finest 5 0-10 1)
—Best 50-60
— Batavia 30 40
French Asparagus —

Paris Green 10 ዐ-110

Lauris ... . 12 0-13 0

in
quantities and the
also selling
Forced Tulips remain
meet the
Freesias are also arriving in inereasing quantities,
Of French flowers Mimosa is plentiful and of flrst-cl

ass
Narcissus 15 nearing the end of the
prices have
There is a scarcity. of flowering pot plants:
comparatively new subject in

best

a

elass is "aintpaulia
some excellent specimens of whieh have sold at

4. d. s. (1.
Greens, per bag... 1 [- 20
Horseradish, per
bundle ... .. 20-26
Leeks, per doz.
bundles ... . 2636
Lettuce, per dozen 1 6 2 0
— Outdoor I 30-40
Mushrooms, cups 20-206
—boilers ... . 10230
Onions, Valencia,
per case . 10 0-10 6
Parsnips, per cwt. 36- 4 0

Potatos, Canary

Island, per case 12 0-104
Potatos. per ton—
—Dunbars 230 0-240

—king Edward 210 0-240
—Whites 00 0-200
—New Guernsey 1 = |
Rhubarb, Forced,

per doz.. 1 6-
Sa VONS, per tally ር 0-12

Seakale, per pun-

net 260-3
Spinach, per bushel —
Sprouts, per bushel 2 ሁ- 3
Sweet Potatos 2 6- 3
Turnips, per cwt. 40-6

0

0
Ü
ü
D

20

|o 0f and drawn from the

t blooms of

| dozen;

| tlie

average

. ዜ reeord

TARDENERS’

Fruit : Average Wholesale Prices.

s. d. s.d. s. d. s.d.
Apples— Grapes—
—Oregon New- —Gros Colmar ... 2 3- 40
town 13 0-16 0 | —Belgian Colmar,

። il . ` per lb. 0-2 6
—Newton Wonder 6 0-10 0 —Almeria, per
—Bramley’s Seed- barrel ... 20 0-26 0

ling .. 81-120 Grape Fruit,

E ; = | Cuban ... 16 0-20 0
—Californian New- | — Bahamas ሽሙ: 160

Sw - 10126 | Florida... ... 16 0-22 0
— Delicious . 11 0-13 0 | Jaffa Oranges ... 15 0-16 0
—Winesap .. 10 0-11 0 ! Kent Cobs, perlb. 10-12

ics et ese Lemons, Messina,
—Nova Scotia— : | per box ... 8 0-10 0
—Stark — T 16 0-21 0 . —Murcia 12 0-13 0
—Ren Davis ... 20 0-220 | Oranges Spanish
—Russett... . 23 0-300 | 3994 i 15 0-30 0
— Baldwin ..22 0-26 0 | , aeo) f 14 0-18 0
—Greening . 44 0-35 0 | —504’s 14 0-20 0
Bananas, singles 17 0-25 0 | Pines e 90-50
| South African
—doubles ... .17 0-27 6 Peaches... 8 0-12 0
‘ali i — —Apricots 4 0-50
Californian Pears | -plums . 50-80
—Winter Nelis, Tunis Dates, per

per case... . 30 0-32 6 . doz. " 36-50

REMARKS.—Trade fairly good but sus heavy.
Oranges, and imported Apples are abundant. — Forced

vegetables are becoming more important and meet a fair

demand,

GLASGOW.

While business in the flower department has quietened
down considerably in the New Year, the turnover in fruit
continues good, Oranges experienced a slow sale, but
Apples were in good demand at moderate prices. A sale
of 10,000 cases of Hood River fruit, consisting principally
of the Varieties Winesap, Rome Beauty, Grime’s, Ortley,
and Newtown Pippins, was announced for Friday, but
the bulk of tlie consignment had previously been disposed
quay. Prices were as follows :—
Newtown, 14'- per ease; Winesap, 13-; Ortlevs, 12- to
13-7: Rome Beauty, 11 - 16 12-, Other varieties—Starks,
30 - per barrel: Baldwin, 32 - Newtown Pippin, 34/-:
Winter የ የር ning, 532 - to 34 - ; Wagner, 23- to 25-; York
Imperial; 22 - to 26 -; Jonathans, 10. 6 to 126 p Case
Grimes Golden, 10- to 12-, and. Northern Spy, IL- to
13 6. First arrivals of bitter Oranges sold at 18-
por Neville; and 14 - rer Malaga. Sunkist Oranges made
30- to 34- per case; Valencia (304), 13- to 15-;
(300), 126 to 14 -, and (360 and 240), 12 ከ to 15-:
Lemons (300), brought 12- to 13- and Grape Fruit
Ix- to 22 - for Jamaica brands and 166 10 21- for
bahama fruit. South African Plums and Apricots made
4- per box and Canary Bananas, 20 - to 30-:; Grapes
maintained previous quotations, Gros Colmars being 2:6
to 36 per lb, and Museats, 5,- to 3 -,

Owing to the searcity of Onions prices have advanced
trom 3 - to 4'- per case within the past fortnight, while
consignments of Duteh. Brown averaged 106 per bag.
Salads were in limited demand at the following prices :—
French Lettuce, 12 to 2 3 per doz.: Radish, 2- to 2.6;
Endive, 3.- to 46: Mustard and Cress, 26, and Water-
Cress, 1. per doz. Seakale brought from S,- to 10 - per
box of 6 lbs,

In the cut flower market. supplies of Chrysanthemums
were restricted in view of the end of the season. Special
Heston White and Winter Cheer averaged 2/6
for while other qualities ranged from ] -- to 2-.
Tulips, on. the other hand, are becoming more plentiful,
but the stems of most varieties are short. William
Copland sold. at 1:46 to 2, for 653: Thomas Moore,
led. to 12; Rosina and Prince of Austria, 1/6 to 1/9;
Mon, Tressor, 1 3 to 1 6, and 2- : Vermilion Brilliant, 13
to 19: Carnations fluctuated between 3.6 and 35- per
Duteh Lilac made 4 - to 6--: Mimosa, 7/- to 9-
and Narcissus, 6.- to 7/- per doz: white, pink,
Hyacinths averaged 10d. to 1.3 for special
to 1 - for interior. The first Daffodils of

O's,

per pad.
and blue
blooms and 4d,

the season arrived during the week and English grown

Golden Spur brought 23 per bunch, while Scotch supplies
averaged. from 1/6 to 1/10.

THE WEATHER.

record
but
was

of the mildest Decembers on
at Southport. very humid and = equable, with
light southerly winds generally. The rainfall
rather heavy, but the days were sunnier than usual,
wet hours being from 4 a.m. to 10 aan. The
evenings were almost always dry. The mean tempera-
ture of the air was so high as 45.0, or 5.9 above
à fifty years’ local average for the month. There
were forty-six sunny hours, or ten more than
the normal number. Rain, however, fell on twenty
days (one more than usual); and the total quantity
was 4.38 inches, an excess above the fifty years’
of 1.14 inches. Towards the close of the
month, the ground. water level. rose decidedly above
its normal height. Not a single '* ground-frost '” was
recorded—a truly. remarkable result. Only one gale was
experienced, and during its prevalence the month
and year expired. There was no suow, and only
two days. vielded fog. Slight thunder. oceurred twice.

[1924.|
outstanding feature of the

prevalence o£. southerly
much cloud, Jittle

THIS was one

The has been
There was,
sunshine, Hight breezes,
equality of temperature with general mildness, aud
à surplus of four inches of rain. But there have
been much wetter and duller years during the
Observatory `S history. John Barendell, Borough
Meteorolod ist, Nonuth port.

past year
winds.
therefore,

ENQUIRY.

A correspondent desires information on the cultivation
of Watercress under glass in order to obtain supplies
in the winter.

CHRONICLE.

SELECT LIST

BOOKS ON GARDENING.

PKICES QUOTED ARE IN ALL CASES POST
FREE TO ANY PART OF GREAT BRITAIN.

Bee Guide, The Practical. By J. G. Digges.
Full directions for profitable apiculture.
4s. 6d.

Bee Keeping, The Book of. By W. B. Webster.
A very useful book, with many diagrams
and illustrations. Is. 9d.

Black’s Gardening Dictionary. Edited by E. T.
Ellis, with contributions by the leading
gardening experts and specialists. 118. 3d.

Botanical Names, Dictionary of. By G. F.
Zimmer. For the use of botanists and
horticulturists. 3s. 10d.

Bulb-Growing for Amateurs. By H. H.
Thomas. Simple directions for planting
and treatment, and many useful photo-
graphs and diagrams. 18. 9d.

Bulbs and their Cultivation. By T. W.
Sanders. How to cultivate bulbs and
tubers successfully out of doors and under
glass. — 4s. 6d.

Bulbs, Hardy. for Amateurs. .ላ very useful and
informative book. By the Rev. Joseph
Jacob. 5s. 6d.

Bulbs, The Book of. By 5. Arnott.
work. Illustrated. 4s.

Cactus Culture for Amateurs. By William
Watson. The only book of its kind. Pro-
fusely illustrated. 2s. 3d.

Calendar of Garden Operations.

A practical

Based on the

original work compiled by the late Sir
Joseph Paxton. New and enlarged edition.
2s. 110.

Carnation Culture. By B. C. Ravenscroft.
Containing full instructions for the culture
of Carnations of all classes. 18. 9d.

Carnation Culture Up to Date. By Montagu
C. Allwood. Contains much useful informa-
tion and many illustrations. 3s.

Carnations, Perpetual. By Laurence J. Cook.
An exhaustive guide to their cultivation.

Illustrated. 2s. 11d.

Carnations, Picotees and Pinks. By T. W.
Sanders. An excellent book. Fully illus-
trated. 4s. 6d.

Carnation, The Book of the. By R. P. Brothers-
ton. An authoritative work. lllustrated. 4s.

Chemistry of the Garden. By H. H. Cousins.
A practical work for teachers and students
of gardening. 2s. 3d.

Chrysanthemum, The Culture of the. By W..
Wells. Revised and enlarged, with
numerous illustrations. 2s. lld.

Chrysanthemums for Greenhouse and Garden.
By D. B. Crane. Edited by T. W. Sanders.
Illustrated. 48. 6d.

Climbing Plants (Present-Day Gardening Series).
By W. Watson, late Curator of the Kew
Botanic Gardens. Eight coloured plates
and many black and white illustrations.
os. Od.

Climbing Plants, The Book of. By S. Arnott.
The writer is well known to readers of
the Gardeners’ Chronicle. 4s.

Cottage Garden, the Book of the. By Chas.
.Thonger. A book for all garden lovers.
'"Profusely illustrated. 4s.

Cottage Gardening. By E. Hobday. Gives con-
cise instruetions as to the best modes of
cultivation. 2s. 3d.

Daffodil, The Book of the. By the Rev.
Bourne, B.A. Well illustrated. 4s.

S. E.

To be obtained from—
GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, LTD.,
5, Tavietock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

po
e

JANUARY 17, 1925. THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. x
pl ue መ ru Lu c ee 6.

— — — — — — — — — መመመ” —— — ውፍ ሙረ. — a E E T ን ን በሕብር Qu

— —

ME

CALENDAR OF
GARDEN OPERATIONS

IE

Price 2/11 post free.

HIS book, so handy for the amateur or cottage gardener, has been in constant
demand ever since it was first published by the late Sir Joseph Paxton,
and each new edition, bringing it ‘up to date in method and appearance,

has enhanced its wonderful popularity. The arrangement of the contents according
to the work to be done in the garden each month makes it delightfully easy to refer
to, and in addition there are extremely useful articles on various subjects connected
with the garden.

TMM OO

— — — — — — — ——

$

dba —

It is just the book for an experienced gardener to give to one rather less experienced,
and anxicus to avoid the pitfalls into which the unwary are apt to fall.

GARDENERS' CHRONICLE, Ltd., 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

il

በዘዘቨዘቨዘበቨ[][ከ]ከበዘዘዘበዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘቨበዘዘዘዘጠዘዛጫዛጫዛዘአቸዮኞሎጫኙሦቸሦጐኞሦቸ ሦ ጉዘዙዘዙዘዙዘዘዘዘዘከዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘበበቡ ቨዘቨዘቨዙ-ቨ-ፎቨ[ቨ[[,[[[[ቨቨ! lr

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ከህ. MÀ

— መ —

[ሀህከዘዘዘዘዘዚ [ሀዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘ[ዘ[በ[በዘዘዘዘዘ[ዘ[ቨ[([ቨ[ከ[,8ከበዘዘዘዘቨ[(([[[ከከበበዘዘቨ(ቨ[[ዚቪከቨቨ ቨነቨዙ ቨዙቨሎጫሎ ቨ ዙሎፁሦፁ-ፀቨፎቬቤቬ8(ዘ((ዘከበ(ኒአከ(ከ(ዘሀከቨከሀ[በ;ዘ] DE

-—— M ——M———À -—

| FERNS AND
FERN CULTURE.

By J. Birkenhead

Revised by F. Parsons.

Price 1/4 post free.

" ' FERNS AND
n: FERN CULTURE
AE

ከዘከከዘዘ፤ዘዘዘዘየዘዘዘበከከህዝቨ[ር። E

ERNS ought to play a much larger rôle than they do in the Eng'ish garden.

There are so many places where, in consequence of shade cast by tall trees or

high walls, flowers needing sunshine will not thrive, and where Ferns, on the contrary,
would luxuriate, given only sufficient moisture.

FERNS have a grace and dignity all their own, and can redeem by their beauty
what would otherwise be a bare and unattractive corner of the garden. Those wishing

to cultivate them cannot do better than purchase the little book whose title appears
above. It can be obtained from :—

GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, Ltd., 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

— — — ——
=D

ግዘከዘዘዘ(1ከ[ከዘዘዘ[]![ከዘዘዘዘዘዘዘ[([ቨ[ቨ([(ዘዘ8ዘዘዘ[([([ዘ(ዘዘ(ዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘ[([ቨ[[ዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘ![ዘዘዘዘዘበ[ዘዘዘዘዘዘ(በበበዘዘዘዘዘ([(ዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘበዘ!! ዘዘዘ፻፪

— — ——— ee

E

-—

xii.

SITUATIONS VACART. (Contd. from page iii.)

7ORKING GARDENER wanted, with
one Under; age 35-45: must have recom-
mendation as good organiser; thorough knowledge of
Flower and Kitchen Garden: 2 small houses: £2 per
week, with cottage —Write SIR B. DE LISLE, Old
Park, Devizes.

V ORKING

GARDENER wanted with
good experience for Kitchen Garden, about
two acres; second man kept and additional help
when needed; produce required for hotel, restaurant,
etc.—Full particulars of experience to BOBBY «
COo., LTD. Margate.

NINGLE-HANDED
ኢ thoroughly experienced; permanency
applicant; cottage for married man.
experience and wages required —A. S.
Oaklands, W hitchurch, Salop.

ANTED,

GARDENER wanted,
for suitable
Apply stating
HOPLEY, The

—

GAR-
greenhouse
per week,
married man
Box 23. 3. Tavistock

SING LE. HANDED
DENER, with good knowledge of

plants and flower garden: wages 50 -

with rooms on the place: suitable for

with no family.—Apply K. W.,

Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

INGLE-HANDED GARDENER
for household of women students:
chiefly vegetables and recreation ground,
glass.—Apply St. Michael's Hostel, Grove
stating wa wages without cottage.

wanted
garden 2 acres,
furnaces, little
Park, S.E. 12

W ኒጂ'፣ ANTE D, reliable G ARDEN ER ( Midlands).
SINGLE-HANDED: occasional] assistance re-
quired from wife. Good cottage with garden. State quali-

fications, age, experience, wages required, and copies of

reference.—N. L. R., Box 44 5, Tavistock Street.
Covent Garden, ነ”. d.

ARDENER, SECOND, wanted, must

have good experience under glass: must ከር

well recommended by gardener: cottage and garden.

—State particulars to H. J. HARVEY, The Gardens,

Frampton Court, Dorchester.

G

experienced man

ARDENER, SECOND:

wanted Kent, take head's place in April:
cottage. State age, family, wages. {ull particulars,
photo if available. — Apply, by letter. a ነ...
6/6 Abbott's, Eastcheap, London, E.C.

ANT EI D. SE COND GARDE: NE R, siele:

must be thoroughly experienced, vines, Peaches,
and general indoor stuff; state age and wage expected,
no bothy. to HEAD GARDENER, Rauceby Hall, near
Sleaford, Lines.

ANTE D, Wood SECOND, experienced ;

Roses, Fruit, Glass ; single: also another to
take charge rock and water garden.—R. WALLACE
& CO., Ltd, The Old Gardens, Tunbridge Wells,
Kent.

(5 any gardener recommend
J as SECOND; good knowledge with
plants where surplus produce jis sold:
mencing £2, bothy or cottage.— Apply, ful]
ABBOTT, Minterne House, near

prs GARDENER with good ex-
¿ perience of Pleasure Grounds: single.— Particular,
and reference, E. A.. Box 41, 5, Tavistock Streets

Covent Garden, W.C.2

V ANTED IMMEDIATELY.
experienced GARDENER for

baceous borders, and flower garden,

estate.— Write, giving full

wages, &c., to G.B.C.,

Garden, W. 2
FORE MAN

I^ SIDE
aingie: lodgings near,
HEAD GARDENE R, The

OREMAN. Inside. with

of the cultivation of fmit
48,6 per we k; 3- bookkeeping:
tables, and attendance ; also a good
33/። per week, 5- duty, ete.—Apply.
testimonials and full particulars of
DAVID GIBSON, The Gardens,
Grantham.

years! E D. FOREMAN, Inside:
good cottage, 40 -., — MASON, The
Cold 0 Overton | Hall, Oakham.
VW KITCHEN GARDENER.
married, wife attend bothy, 33- and rooms,
wife paid extra. Also. PLEASURE GROUND. MAN,
34/., bothy, ete. duty 4- extra; only experienced
men.—HRIDGcEWELL.
near ear Leat at he rhead, Surrey

man
fruit and

wages com-
porticulars,

Dorchester.

good

a thoroughly
rock garden, her-
on a large country
particulars of experience,
Box 53, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent

wanted :
duty
Court,

experienced.
paid.— Apply — fully
St. Fagans, Cardiff.

good knowledge
and plants : wages
bothy, milk, vege-
JOURNEYMAN,
with copies of
experience, to
Belvoir Castle,

married ;
Gardena,

Grove Gardens, Great Bookham,

wast E D. a MAN for Pleasure Grounds
and Kitchen Garden, used to motor mower.

Full particulars, age, experience, and reference, wages
expected, with bothy.—6G. SMEETH, Elmer's Court
Gardens, Lymington, Hants,

THE

— — — =

|

M

GARDENERS

ARDENER. SINGLE, wanted for pleasure

grounds, borders, &c.. must. have good references :
wages, ae, to HEAD GARDENER, The Gardens,
Tewkesbury Lodge. Forest Hill, 8. E. 23.
ANS good MAN. lawns. Kitchen
Garden; used to pony. mower: sinule.—
Particulars to F. WOODMAN, Dridzsetoot — House,
South Mimms, Barnet.
35. single YOUNG MAN for lawns,
and Kitchen) Garden, pruning. — State wages,
no bothy.—PHRIOR, Folly Court Gardens, Wokingham.

Berks.

ጓጓ' ANT \NTED, D. a good MAN chiefly fov
Pleasure Grounds, able to use a hand. machine.—

Apply, stating age, experience, and wages required, with
cottage, to F. BARSON, The Gardens, Newbold Revel,
near Rugby.

() MAN wanted. experienced m

Pleasure. Grounds, shrubberies, and. rock. garden:
single; lodgings near.—Apply fully, HEAD GARDENER,
The Court, st. Fagans, Cardiff.

WW good MAN accustomed to
l general garden work.—State age, wages required
with cottage, to HEAD GARDENER, Ickleford Manor,
Hitchin.

W: AN'TED, FIRST JOURNEYMAN. Inside.
good experience

fruit, plants, and especially
decorating: wages 32w-, bothy, ete. Full. particulars to
A. C. WICKS, Mongewell Park Gardens, Wallingford.

OURNEYMAN WANTED.
e ledge of hardy plants: wages
E. WISE, The Gardens, Oakwood
Winchester.

outside, know-
bothy, ete.—
Otterbourne,

257 6:
House,

ANTED. JOURNEYMAN, Inside and

Out ; duty alternate weeks pnid 5 -.—State
references, wage ‘with bothy. to SMITH, Haekness
Gardens, Scarborough.

V TANTIED, JOURNEY MAN,

some experience in raising Rhodedendrons and

hardy shrubs; bothy ተ 11119 stating ave, experience, and

full particulars to R. RYE, Castle Kennedy, W igtownshire.
experienced JOURNEY-

W ANTED, two
MEN, one to take charge. Inside, must be

good plantsman and decorator, and one for. herbaceous

Inside, with

borders, rock and water gardens; በ ዕን experienced
MAN to live iu lodge, well up in hardy fruit.
Kitehen Garden, ete.— Apply, stating age, experience,
wages, With bothy, cottage ete.. copies reris.. H.
THROWER. Horwood House — Gardens, — Winslow,
Bucks.

NARDENE R. CH. \UF F EU 'R required, near

ጃ Midland town. Wife to render occasional domestic

assistance ; modern cottage provided: state age, family,

experience, and wages, with = references.—L. A. R.
Box 43, 5. Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2

ARRIED COUPLE wanted to
bothv, man to work in gardens, wife
charge of modern bothy.— Apply, with
references, particulars of experience, wages
to J. G. WESTON, Chatsworth (Gardens,

Derbyshire.
M^ 2i WIFE, ubstainers,

take charge of Home for thirty boys; man
as GARDENER.—Apply, stating age and experience,
SUPERINTENDENT, Farm Training Colony. near
Wallingford, Berks.

live in
to take
copies of
expected,
Bakewell,

wanted to

; TRADE.

YOUNG MEN TO TRAIN AS FOREMEN

"p HIS growth of our Garden Crafts Depart:
ment affords an opportunity for young men about
the age of 24 to train as foremen in the construction of
gardens, laying hard tennis courts. kaving out sports
grounds, ete.
Particulars of wages,
applicants. Applications, giving age and particulars of
experience, should be addressed to BAKERS, Garden
Crafts De ‘partme nt, Codsall, Nr. Wolverhampton.

\V ANTED,
London,
Bedding, Cues..

dation, ete.
Box 423. 3,

ete., will be sent to all suitable

for small — Nursery, South
GROWER ; energetie, trustworthy:
Torms., Mums.: good trade, aceommo-
State age, wages, refs. (eopies).—W. F.,
Tavistoek Plaee, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

W ANTED. Experienced MEN for Band-
Í scape work.—W AE eee & NON, 48, North
Rond, Highs: ite ነ illage.

wast ED, for a Se toll Anon: where
Roses are extensively grown, a capable MAN as
SECOND in charge: also YOUNG MEN, with experience,
for hardy plant department and under. glass.—Full parti-
culars to ROSES, Box 31, 5, Tavistock, Street, Covent
Garden. W.C. 2.

CHRONICLE,

|

ሸላ ኤዚ! ኣዚዜነ” Te. 1925
V 7. ANTED, CUCUMBER GROWER, singh
under Foreman.—Particulars as to experien»
wages, ete, to RAMSBOTHAM & CO. — DBletebis
Junction.
| Ge TRANSIT CO. - |
Canada Definite situations Ontario Nurseries,
large families. with adult. girls, Gardeners, Farmhand-
Nurservinen, Nail Mareh, honses ready. — UNION
TRANSIT ('(), Glasgow.
\ JF ANTED. capable JOURNEYMAN for
| large gardens where produce is marketed, well up
in fruit: Carnations and Chryvsanths.. also one or two

4. ran experience and wages expected,

improvers.— Apply,
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden

to G እን Ie Box 44,

wE,

W ANTE D, SHOP ANSINT AN NT (Male), age
about 25, experieneed.—State age, experience and

salary expected, WM. BIGNELL & SON, 48, North Road.

Highgate, N ከ.

W ANTED. ASSISTANT with knowledge of
Seed, Bulb aud Sundries Trade. One with clerical

experience would be an advantage.—Apply with full par-

ticulars, ARTHUR ROWLEs, 14, Market Street, Oxford.

V ANTED, ASSISTANT SEED SHOP.

MAN. Apply, stating age, experience and salary
required.—JOHN E. KNIGHT & SON, Seed Specialists,
Wolverhampton.

WW: AN TE D, competent JUNIOR ASSIS-
TANT for brisk counter trade, Seeds,

Bulbs and
Corn.—Apply, with references, to G. WINFIELD & SON,
Gloucester.

\ ANTED, TRAVELLER, with

for Midlands, calling on Private Gardens and
Nurseries. Old-established. firm. Manures and Garden
Sundries, Salary, expenses and commission. —MIDLAND,
Box 35, 5, Tavistock street, Covent Garden, W.C.2

|... WANTED, to take entire charge
of leading Dublin florists’ shop; trained business
man of highest character: good salesman with experience

connection

of general nursery trade as well as florist: state fully

Where employed since starting business, age, salary.

married or. single, when disengaged —WM. WATSON

A SONS, LTD.. Nurseries, Killiney, Co. Dublin.

\V ANTED, an experienced MAKER-UP.
to devote the whole of her time to first-class Floral

work; able to direct the statf during the absence of

Head.—WM. TRESEDER, LTD., Nurseries, Cardiff.

SITUATIONS WANTED

Twenty words 28., and Gd. for every succeeding
eight words or portion thereof. (Advertisements ሠ

thie special rate are only accepted direct from
gardeners and nursery employees.) Fee for having

replics addressed to this office, 1s.

*

PRIVATE.
H EAD GARDENER-BAILIFF
engagement

Seeks re-
experienced in both
control of staff, accounts, ete.; left
through estate being sold: excellent references from
late and previous emplovers.—BAULK, 9a, Midmoor
Road, Balham, S.W. 12.

thoroughly
departments ;

ARDENER, HEAD. The Right Honour.
T able LORD CALTHORPE confidently recommend:
H. STOWE, who held above appointment upwards ot
13 vears, as highly skilled in all branches of gardening.
and of high character: leaving through sale of estate.—

Address, Grosvenor Road, Han isworth, Birmingham.
Y ARDENEH, HEAD, The Right Honour-
x able LORD ABERDARE highly recommends

S LAWRENCE, who held above appointment for 11

years: highly skilled. in al branehes of gardening:

capable, experienced, qualified: man, excellent character.
good supervisor of menu: age 45, married, no family:
leaving. estate being sold. LAWRENCE. Duffryn Lodge,

Aloru 1111 A ከ, =. Wales,

Y ARDE NE R, HEAD.
x thoroughly trained
alpines, ghasas, alterations,
conscientious, house required ;

16, High S 1 Far bam.

IR JOHN

ኒ strongly recommends
experienced and efficient
married, no family—C,
near Luton.

highly recommended :

flowers, fruit, vegetables,

Teconistrüuction, de UA
state wages, —H ORTUS

H. ARRINGTON,

his HE AD
all branches,
RUS E. The

K.C.M.G..
GARDENER
good manager,
Hyde Gardens,

JANUARY 17, 1925.

H Far GARDENER, Brocklesby Park,
Habrough, Lincolnshire, recommends exceptionally
keen, all-round HEAD WORKING GARDENER. about
40; married, small family: 6 years list place; excellent
character for er for ability, trustw ort hiness.

G^, ARDENER. HEAD. seeks re- engagement,
x life experience in all branches; exeellent. refer-
ences, age 38, one boy age 12.—L. W. BARKER,
The "Farm, Foots Cray Place, Sidcup, Ke nt.
(J ARDENER. HEAD of four or more:
X age 26, single: life experience: thoroughly
capable and trustworthy: character irreproachable.—
Particulars to W ላ. HORNE, Danbury Park,
Chelmsford. Essex.
EAD GARDENER. Doddington, Sitting-

bourne, can with confidence recominend. YOUNG
MAN (single), as GARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED, or
with help.

Y ARDENER, HEAD of two, or SING LE.

HANDED; life experience, understands electric

light plant; nine years present place, twelve years

previous; age 48: married, one son 16; excellent

references.— F. HOWSON, The Chalet, Brookfield,
Lyminster, near Littlehainpton, Sussex.

ARDENER, HEAD, or SINGLE-HANDED,

thoroughly experienced Inside and Out: excellent

references: age 37; single: 4 years’ last place as HEAD.—
LEWIS, The Birks, Barnacre, Garstang, Lanes.
ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, seeks
re-engagement:; life experience in all depart-
mects ; marketing of surplus produce and the
general management of a good establishment; 7.
years Head: age 40, married.—R. W. [... 805. 40,
5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.
ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, where
others kept; life experience: six years present
lace; married, no children —UPTON, Drungewick,
udgwick, Horsham.
] ]^2» WORKING GARDENER © seeks
situation where four or more are kept; age 35:
married, one boy age 8: first-class experience. in all
depart menta: leaving through death: excellent references,

at liberty when suited.—C. MEARS, Yattendon Court

Gardens, Jardens, near Newbury, Berks,

H eA, WORKING GARDENER. -F. J.

BRIGHT requires situation in good establishment,
life experience all branches; 5 vears present post, leaving
by own wish, can show well kept place, noted specimen

lant grower: 49: married, no family.— Marylands,
jentley, H. Hants.
M? J. THOMPSON, The Chestnut
Nurseries, Oadby, Leicester, can highly
recommend 8. GENT as HEAD WORKING GAR-
DENER, age 3; life experience Inside and Out,
in good establishments ; excellent testimonials from
past employers as to capabilities : disengaged.
PHILLIPPS. Esq.. recommends

G.
ኺ፣ e his Foreman as HEAD WORKING GAR-
DENER, thorough practical experience in all. branches,
H

gained in good establishments; age ጓቦ.---ላ. LANE,
Berwick House Gardens, Shrewsbury.
'* ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, age 40,
married, no family, seeks situation; life ex-

perience jn all branches; well recommended : ‘disengaged :
Place sold. =W INTER, Shiremark Lodge, Capel, Surrey.

1 W ORKING GARDENER,

e ——

capable, sound experience, needs situation now:
medium sized; some glass, some help, cottage, good
references.” Please state wages, — JOHN GILLIES,
Cheriton, Alresford, Hants.

HE COUNTESS OF STRATHMORE highly
recommends ነኛ. BRAGGER as HEAD WORKING
GARDENER; thorough, practical, reliable hard-working
man; 4 years here as Head; leaving own wish; married ;
e 39.—BRAGGER, 6, Barton’s Lane, Market Drayton,

opshire.
ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, or good
SINGLE-HANDED; highly recommended; life

experience: 3 years here: married: age 33, one. child
ር ስከ Ga OnE The Cottage, 009, Stamford
Hill, . 16.

ARDE NE R. HEAD WORKING, or

SINGLE-HANDED:
rock garden and alpines;
5, Tavistock Street,

all-round experience,
married.— B. ከ. ኝነ.
Covent Garden, W.C.

including
Box 45,

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING or SINGLE.

HANDED desires post : married, one child: age
39; good references.—B. PARKER, Myrtle Cottages,
Codicote, ነ elwy n, He rts.
ኘ ARDENER. HEAD WORKING or vood
SINGLE-HANDED, seeks re-engauvement : lite
experience, highly recommended, married. —MUBRPHY,
Daybrook House Daybrook. Notts.

THE

GARDENERS

CHRONICLE.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, or good

ጃ sEC OND, desires situation, thorough practical
experience all ‘depart ments, Inside and Out: excellent
references; age 30; cottage essential; married when suited.

— Kindly state wages, ete., to A. GIRI ETT. Ashton Court

Gardens, Bristol.

ARDEN ER, ‘SINGLE. HANDED or HEAD,
age 34, requires situation, Surrey preferred ; 17 years’

experience ; good references ; cottage required; married

Saen suited.—WHINN ETT, 17, Cottage Grove, Surbiton,
urrey.

ARDENER

requires. situation, SINGLE-

HAN DED or otherwise ; life experience with
excellent | re ‘fs. age 27; married, no children.—H.
HARLING, 23, Upton Park, Slough, Bucks.

ARDENER, good SINGLE-HANDED,
experienced flowers, fruit, vegetables, Jon
ete. ; good references, married, girl 10.—KOSSMORE,

Broadwater Lane, Southwater, Horsham.

ADY reeommends her GARDENER as

4 SINGLE or UNDER: married, three children, age

39: place being sold; please state wages.—GAR FORD,
The Cottage, Burridge, Swanwick, Hants.

ARDENER, SECOND; Inside and Out,

or HEAD of two or three; married, age 26:
no family; 11 years’ general experience; excellent
references—A. Z., Box 48, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

ARDENER, SECOND, requires situation
Inside, or Inside and Out, experienced both

branches: age 26: single:
L. DUNNINGHAM,
Suffolk.

ARDENER, SECOND, Inside and Out,

or good SINGLE-HANDED with help; excellent
ref3,; 3 years pre nt situation; married, no family;
age 30.—J. ROGE.:. Court House Cottage, Rusper,
SUSSEX.

Essex or Suffolk preferred.—
Rookery Park Gardens, Yoxford,

ARDE NER, SECOND, seeks situation ;

age 38: kitchen me or pleasure grounds ;

good refere nees, — À. OOTE, co Mrs. Woolven,
2, Oakfleld Cottages, Road, Cow fold, Sussex.

Bolney

R. €. S. ORWIN didis strongly to re-
i commend J. E. PRISCOTT as UNDER-GAR-
DENER: age 20; five years in present. situation, with
sound training in vegetable and flower garden: strong
and willing, with excellent charaeter.—Apply J. E.
PRISCOTT, Woodcombe, Minehead, Somerset.

OREMAN, Inside or General, seeks situ-
ation; keen and interested ; first-class fruitsman and
plantsman ; life experience in good establishments: highly
recommended, North. or Midlands preferred: age 33;
dixengaged.—H., 98, Montagne Road, Clarendon. Park,
Leicester.

OREMAN, Inside,

Inside department:
and commercial; good refs. :
Church Road, Hartley,

OREMAN, Inside, or charge
single; age 31; life experience:
SMITH, Little Green, Mells, Frome,

ITCH EN GARDEN
GROUND FOREMAN:
worker, with good experience;
mended direct: married. —A, F.,
Street, Covent Garden, W.C.

or 8016 charge of
age 33; life experience, private

disengaged —Apply WELLER,
Longfield, Kent,

of glass;
disengaged.—
Somerset,

or PLEASURE
interested, capable, keen
testimonials and recom-
Box 30, ጋ. Tavistock

W.

ARDENER, 28, seeks situation
Garden or Pleasure Grounds; good
recommended present employer,
South Wales preferred.—F.
Chepstow, Mon.

Kitchen
experience,
married when
H., Newton Lodge,

highly
suited,
Shirenewton,

M R. A. W. VASS can confidently
l mend €. HARE to anyone requiring the
services of a good KITCHEN GARDENER and
Pleasure Grounds, ete.: four years excellent. references
here: age 21, single. Please state wages, with bothy
and duty: disengaged January 24th.— The. Gardens,
4. Hall Rond, Regents Park, N.W.&,

N R. G. SMEETH. Elmers Court, Linie tons
LV. Hants., will be pleased to recommend L. STRANGE
for the Pleasure Grounds; used to motor mower, also
sevthe: age 24; bothy pre ferred. Address as above.

YIPUATION GAR-
ኔ DENER and hardy fruit, able to take lead:
64. years present situation as above: good previous
experience. well) recommended, age 24, married when
suited.—W. MORRIS, Oakly Park Gardens, Bromfleld,
Ludlow, Shropshire.

recom.

required as KITC HEN

NARDENER requires situation, Kitehen
Garden or SINGLE-HANDED: life experience,
good references, married, age 41: N. or N.W

' '. London
preferred. —ALLEN, 4, Ulysses Road, West. Hampstead,
London.

xiii.
(4^ RDE MINER, 38, thoroughly experienced
Inside and Out; one child: near London
preferred; best references.—C. S., e/o A, Ayres, 68,
High Street, Epsom.
Mh T. V ARNDELL, The Hall Gardens,
Pinner, Middlesex, wishes to recommend J.
BRAZIER as INSIDE JOURNEYMAN, fruit and
plant houses, age 23.—Address as above.
OURNEYMAN. MR. (reo. Beckett

would be pleased to recommend JOSEPH SMITH,
7 years’ experience, Inside and Out, age 21.—Apply
JOSEPH SMITH, Kinmel Park Gardens, Abergele.

H. ALES, T he Grange,

'e mon, near Slough, Bucks, wishes to recommend
H. HART as JOURNE YMAN, Inside or Out, or
Pleasure Grounds; age 23; good references.

Farn ham Com-

OURNEYMAN. age 24, seeks situation,
e Inside, under Foreman; fruit and plants; well
recommended.—Apply to T. BENNETT, Castle Gardens.
Highclere, Newbury, Berks.

OURNEYMAN,
e Inside, fruit and
E. TICKNER, White
head, Surrey.

OURNE Y MA N, second; Inside,
e years’ experience; age 22; good references:
preferred.—(. T 0., Hox 46, 5, Tavistock Street,
Garden, W.C. 2.

second, 22, seeks situation
lant houses; good references.—
eather Dairy, Grayshott, Hind-

51
bothy
Covent

EAD GARDENER
as IMPROVER in

R’S Son seeks situation
good garden; age 194,
excellent references, good — knowledge Inside
and Out work; Midlands or south preferred. Please
state wages, with bothy.—H. ROUSE, 101, Reinwood
Road, Huddersfle ld.

_ GARDENER, all-
COOK where waitress
no family. — IRES, 4.
Manchester.

ARRIED COUPLE.
A round experience, wife
kept; excellent reference,
Florence Street, Moss Side,

ADY GARDENER, certificated, experienced

Inside and Out, private or market, poultry.
bees; widow; excellent references; cottage desired.—
TIMMS, Elstead, Godalming.

I2 age 16, seeks situation under good

ardener: bothy preferred; references.— Apply
WOODS. Luffenhall, Stevenage, Herts.

OWMAN, age 34. seeks situation; 10 years

good references; willing to fill up time in garden or
otherwise; married when suited.—HARE, Casterbridge
Cottage, Brooklands Road, Blackheath Park, S.E.3.

ANAGER, 30 years’ experience, in

general nursery work; TRAVELLER for seeds-
man or landscape work; up-to-date in all branches;
excellent references,— E. FIDGEON, Hawkwell Lane,
Rochford, Essex

DV ERTISE R, possessing sound knowledge
of the bulb business, with many years’ practical
experience in all branches, wants post Where energy
and ability would be appreciated ; methodical, good
organiser, correspondent, and book-keeper.—BULBS
Box 50, 5, Tavistock Street, Govent Garden, W.C. 2.7

OCKWORK specialist and rustic builder

Offers services ; trade or private ; excellent
ne — J., c/o Board, 1, Mentone Road, Highbury,
ANAGING FOREMAN, by practical
ፈ grower: Toms., Cues., Chrysanths., Arums, cut

stuff in large quantities ; outdoor crops for "market ; good
references; used to large amount of glass: single; state
wages.—W OODs, High Street, Hartford, Huntingdon.

FERS, R.: AINE R and G GROW ER —
re-engagement. Ferns in any quantity : good
references.—Inquiries and wages to (€. J., Box 47,
5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2
TOUNG MAN, 2s, inani. good clerical,
gardening experience, also seeds, bulbs, nursery.
desires progressive situation, nursery, office or shop.

S.G.H., Box 32, 5. Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, Ww T ከናጃ፡፡

ROWER of Ferns, ———— Ghevaenilis:

Tomatoes, Bedding Plants ; single ; 80 years
experience ; age 48.—G. SELLEN, 1. Beach Cottage,
8t. John’s Road, Haywards Heath.

VOU

MAN, 18.
years’ experience in good nursery:

Out; wages, with opportunities to learn

EDMONDs, Breachfield, Dean Lane, Weeke,

berth; two
indoors and

wanted.—
Winchester,

requires

EVER. d Fn H CHRONIC LE:

THEO | GA RDE.

“HORTICULTURAL “BUILDERS
l ANO-
HEATING ENGINEERS,

ERS

LONDON | OFFICE; - ; um ር ወዳ”. 1 ; oec
ገና Mtannians; Vicforis fi 59, F gH ge ne — M i ፳.5 A E — :

THE Beason Way REAN
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SAEC roire CAET EA CEA [NC 3 "ute ta
Growing LU disés, alte equip ped.
Répréssafatiyes seni ta take PA CR) anh. ENTM — J — *
Harti Valus at. Liaweat. Pilies EE —— ረመ — — — — AGDER arate
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— jx x 2j. —— —

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TOSTER & PEARSON, LIMITED,
E 3 9227. BEESTON, NOTTS.

Hoe! been. building Ortese from: 1841 to
1925. 3 record ae 84 YER of. seurd cansiruction.

GOOD ቴር ፀር በ066. last—others do not.
The ROBIN HOOD BOILER .

reduces the fuel bill and saves | labour. ee
Estimates - am application. Tree OL MA እ TA AS

JN

5 | |

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—— — DEREN aN ek OCA ——— ነነ ል ንች — Mu RUE SUN AUN 63 s AD PH ነ LL
Printed, me H: M. ;Fartarr » 6. bro. war Sunt, egere RE and RENE COR ይፍረዱ fiy ` 7:48. —— n im. Or qune 58፻5 EG ;
EN D NOE | ADATTA ONE ent Ga rimi. MEC Mr Ratuidày TAROT .፤፡፡ qi ; TP ——
uS Urn PS y e Pes
x * ven ነ) = ሦ> መ —
— — à :

- PERIODICAL ROGA.
| am GENERAL —

. 1987. Vot. LXxvi.

1)

2 ^
;

-

363 - EC »

TWO ላ፲ p SHOW

A Ug M xk trit trees iwe anapa
HEA ee | በከ: ahold be deat ፻6፡8:15*-ኃክዞ pues ACSpEAY-
now, "whilst the frees ar^ detmant: with Kis AIA Winter

o Wash, eradipsteés | both: retenres Am Tengua-xpores
cuo 5 Before ever they att win ta atgive: N: BB Foi snperymen,
s piti መሮ er foclsts. ሠ

RK EM E
6. ra ;

2 S E * n y
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GUDULA "at; avida me.

EE — BILN TESTED

' ነ ፳1661፻ና sent: Lon nte. appentis

1: ሇቦኛጅ:: 3ኩፍር - እ ኮ1410ዜ)ክኮ›. — verit:
r UBOW. fees የ ብፍ BET 4. ፡ ed eer rium l aut
E እነ J ሕበ. í

| presmmarg. FLOW ERING G $2 CARNATIONS :
Ie the grecnbüibss - apud cthe- Warten cAtdlogue |
Aoplieatton.-- CU; ENGECMA m

diens à c
Walled, . ኤ። —

at — Saffron.

SUBSCHIPTIONS Mond or Foreign 30r er a a NE

፡ አፅበህዛ adsl:

DUE: "m

i — 6 Es 85.

— 3.

'ድ. ; Par i: ES ቫኩቶ፣868- vanus
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of
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a= (3 jit. AGE pto T3 SECRET a
FEN & ROB INSON: MANG ር

==

* oint ‹8, Mary: a em xà Hollen — = = :

NOW. IR THE TIME TO- PLANE

= IE KELWAY! COLOUR. BORDEK of

J ATERER 5 ‘Gold Michal R bri dodeudrans,. | uz iq prr PENNY: RT. We 3 9 እ & A

::-ዲ 581568: 680. Bases, Tare -Hardy denritbs, Frat: Tic 311)ህቫ58ሻሎ. 74 . space to. ሀ 016. SE the

! T — gi alee ት Eroto Peta T. colour. aifer «dés fil, xtA Dur asperi. AA ES md
Vege ዐ &erla;: Seofon-grown- Se : x x E 3

RA ፲ር fren-IOBN WATERER,. SUNK — UM as oe ; he V ardent የቦ: EMEN Mr Je oe

ias os : pc — ES See: የ EET 1፡1. ves 888. | አፍር ለኛ ንን Sox. emet, que

JD or Anat selected: ipia: and "posts. growth.
At. the TRS “ጽቴባጭ Trai pur strains of Vegetable -
Beate. "xe የፎር#ች፣ ET, esesptianat reeóeüttiog for high.
—— GJK- Medal awarded: fov. Anonals - 85 ther

arte Mee dent - -loternationd- Xexhibttlon, ur SOLE qu -Des
— SRE -Catatogue: dtes — RARI 2 goa SERE:
bax — keen d 71/10/0911. |

| | PARE ይጋ ይው ይ ዎች 7 ር E

1967. Catalogue አያ) | 06.

jan payex, - iuf ijaatratidma; ^ free. to ill: readers.
neütioti- ^ Gardeners C ‘hraniele:' res IHR መያሸመሄ፦፥

es js 80 BATS K 4: PDs Eta. hobari

Ew R2 —

Pd B ATES SELECT: SEEDS AND. PLANTS.

EHE) ። “ጫኩ Hiiri. 41:9የ61፡ፎከ6. pf chives Veget table

“ለቡ Fher Sergo 4፻64- Pinis «je ney Por 850. ጎነ] 1ዙ:-

Co V Wwe posto free vom appdentiutio-t Uc phe RC BAT,
2 Lb; Eiern. Farms: W heth, :

— GROWN ; BEED Por. 470/85.
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dues “goad... enriv CHP TINES . RM 6.
; e ክህ Biret: — y.

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ax — A ፍጫ

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ct: owners Tas > "we. rendue

—

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— ግ ሳሆ — “ሁሁ.

AGKENZIE ke “MON CUR. 1850.
-ftotHohtae Paderi- myt Beating” Eneli Pete, mes
“aon. Edinburgh anf. Gusgow. 139. M

> ; hes K — — zoma: + — car, Ü

—

— —

— —— — — — —— — —— —— LAM € x

FAVE: 27፡17. PROVIDENT. S ERT:
Hortietitusal - Benet, dmn TOM degree

2 —
— — — —

d gr eee Ne

2 788 CATALOGUE. OF. CHRYS T
C. THEMUMS now ready. በብ. will be sent-pest -

enc 08. sonjont YN A ELLA »*. A Be ean:

~

x LORIOU 2: 4i LADIOLI SIND: አ የቫዮኬ Sec:
LX Complete Without these lovely. Howersy cmd
ABUSE decofahion “they ከ8%ጾ | few cons, | CAME tan
— 4198 Cof. ower. 5f sme Re ENGST AT d :
ANS mean Chéid. Statian, Kente P EI

> 4 Wd
— ነ ግ F — — — — pets
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(Best: ' Ground. Aida Hec
y: ፈን bügs, 8:6 oper bushel. aiment አስክ —
osPecial priors, Jirge «quunt ities:
ABEMSTUNY. .431- ARRIE AX

ER EEN AW A "t

CE Messa; Tunt dep ;

ii.

SALEG BY AUCTION.

Wednesday Next, January 28th,
IMPORTANT TRADE SALE OF

Spring and Autumn-flowering Bulbs,

Including Cases of GLADIOLUS, EARLY and
LATE - FLOWERING DOUBLE and SINGLE
BEGONTAS, GLOXINIAS, HARDY LILIES in
variety, SPIRAEAS, LILY - OF - THE - VALLEY,
HELLEBORUS, ANEMONES, cte.,
Large quantities
Roses and Herbaceous Plants, Fruit Trees, etc.,
together with

500 CASES OF JAPANESE LILIES,

of

comprising
LILIUM AURATUM, IL. SPECIOSUM RUBRUM,
MAGNIFICUM, MELPOMENE, TIGRINUM,
FORTUNEI. ete.,
l lso Cases of
GLADIOLI in variety, BEGONTAS, LILY OF
። THE VALLEY, SPIRAEA, ete.

also Consignments of

BAY TREES, PALMS, AZALEAS, ASPIDISTRAS,
RHODODENDRONS, etc., from Belgium.

M bees PROTHEROE & MORRIS

will sell the above at their SALE ROOMS,
07 & 63 CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.C.2

Catalogues post free on application.

GOSPORT, HANTS.

Close to Fort Brockhurst Station, S. Rly.
Sale of 9,000 CLIMBING ROSES, 1,500 BUSH
APPLES, 4500 2 and 3-year BLACK CURRANTS,
700 VERONICA TRAVERSIT, 4,000 CUPRESSUS
MACROCARPA, and 550 ROSES in Pots, 3,500

GEUM, 750 CARNATIONS, and
50,000 OVAL-LEAF PRIVET (1j to 3 feet).
MB PROTHEROE & MORRIS are

instructed by Messrs. J. B. Groom and fon
to sell the above at the

MIDDLECROFT LANE NURSERIES, GOSPORT,

on
Wednesday, February 4th,
at
12 o'clock.
On View. Catalogues on the Premises, at the
Stoke Road Nurseries, and of the Auctioneers, 67
and 68, Cheapside, London, E.C. 2
‘-TEVENS’S

Sales by Auction of
BULBS, ROSES,
Ornamental Plants
and Shrubs.
Every Monday and Wednesday.

In lots to suit all buyers.

Commissions executed.
Catalogues on application.

38, KING STREET,
COVENT GARDEN, LONDON, W.C.2.

BUSINESSES FOR SALE.

RSEF Mar kot

URSERIES,

8 large Greenhouses,

2 substantial stone-built,
9 and 7 rooms.

Garden, 2 acres.
4 heated (vines and Peaches),
slate-roofed dwelling houses,
Separate shop, garage, stable, piggeries,
potting and engine sheds. I} hp. Blackstone engine
supplies. water tank. Main road Penzancee—Land’s End.
čl, 150,—06, Bridport Road, Thornton Heath,

Sussex F NUT BOURNE

NURSERIES for sale, ie Ir. 22p. Bungalow,

4 rooms and scullery, store-room over, two 100 ft.

glasshouses, motor engine for water, tanks, potting-

shed, fruit) trees, ete., freehold.—Apply SAYERS,
77, Tarring Road, Worthing.

UL BOROUG H.

|

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

UBREY & CO.

wi, Newgate Street, London, EC. t6,
and Jobbing Business dn. residential town, Herts.
Soacre Land with 369 ft. run. o£ glass. Rent only. ኒ4፲:
let off. ሂ2 2s. weekly. Price for Glasshouses and Stock,
complete, S60: 81000 could remain, Dwelling house
avi valable.

UBRE Y ^ CO. offer high-class Nursery-
i mans’, Florists’ and Landscape Gardeners’ Business
in wealthy south-coast. town. Premises comprise Shop
and 10 Glasshouses (410 ft. run) in excellent. condition.
Rent €70 on Lease. Price for Lease and Stock, complete,
£750. Good residence adjoining can be had. Exceptional
ከን ከነ for ee man,

Agents,
effer Nursery

Nursery men’s

-

house, ፣
of glass,

ላ U
i near Bath,

and main
eomplete,

comprising ፲ acre,
water: also 210 ft. run
including stock. only £600.

rooms, gas
Price,

PROPERTY FOR SALE.

ME ESSRS. PROTHEROE & MORRIS,
Horticultural Auctioneers and Valuers, 07 and 68,
Cheapside, London, E.C.2 (Established over 90 years),
have the following Properties for disposal, and will be
pleased fo send fuller particulars on application :—

NOTTS (5633), —Florista'
growing town.
-acre land,
Price £1,600;

and Fruiterers' Business in
Freehold house oí 12 rooms and shop,
+ heated greenhouses, electric light, ete.
of which £1,000 could remain.

NORTHAMPTON (5734).—Old-established Rose Nursery.
Area 134 acres: low rent. Planted about 20,000 Roses
and 15,000 budded Briars. Price, as a going concern,

£600,

NORTHUMBERLAND (5733).—To let, Cottage, green-
house, Vines, Peaches. Garden j-eacre, Rent, £250
per annum.

HERTS (5739).—Hardy Plant Nursery, with attractive
residence, — Price as a going concern, £1,250.

HEREFORDSHIRE (5745).—To let, Freehold fruit,
flower and vegetable farm. — Stone-built residence.
garage, farm, and trade buildings. Over 57 acres,
Rent £170 per annum.

KENT (5748).—To let Nursery of 1j acres, 5 green-
houses. Rent £25 per annum. Price to include crops,
sundries, etec., £250.

SUFFOLK = (5754).—Freehold Farmhouse, garden and
buildings, about 1 acre. Price £475.

SURREY (5761).—To let, small holding and bungalow,

Rent £120 per annum, inclusivr.

SURREY (5770).—8mall Nursery on main road, 1 acre.
Price, freehold, £500,

KENT (5774).—To let, Nursery of 1j acres, 11 green-
houses, large hut, office, and shop and sheds; also
lock-up in town. Rent £175 per annum: stock
at valuation ; freehold can be purchased.

Pleasure or Profitable Occupation.
HANTS AND SURREY

about one hour from town.

COMPACT FREEHOLD PROPERTY

occupying a splendid position convenient for

station and good market. Excellent range

of glasshouses about 520 ft. and having about

6,500 super feet, all necessary buildings.
Main road frontage. Extent ncarly 3 acres
in all.

An excellent opportunity for anyone wish-

ing to secure a medium-sized property for
carrying on a successful and productive
business, near a market town.

Price £2,250.

A large portion could remain on mortgage.

HARRODS, LIMITED,
62-64, Brompton Road, S.W. 1.

BRE Y & CO. offer zeli Freehold Nursery, |

JANUARY 24, 1925.

VALUABLE LAND AND HOUSES
AT PITVERSIE, ABERNETHY.

For Sale by Private Bargain, Land at Pitversie
extending to 24 aerer, eminently suited for fruit growing:

also
House and Garden
occupied by James McPherson; and
House and Garden, Walnut Cottage,
occupied by John Benvie.
Assessed Rental, £19 2'-; Feu duty, 9d.
For further particulars apply to

(. P. CAMPBELL,
_/ Solicitor, 61, George Street, Perth,

or SNEDDON, CAMPBELL & MUNRO, Solicitors,
Clydesdale Bank Buildings Perth, with whom offers should
be lodged on or before 24th January.

PARTNERSHIPS, FINANCIAL,
EQUIRED to

&c.
f purchase a

SHIP (working) in compact. progressive Nursery,
Florist, or Market Gardening Business within a few
miles of Birmingham or Oxford.— Apply. giving full
articulars, references required. and given, to Mess.
1. B. COLBOURNE & THOMPSON, Estate Agents.
Warwick.

PARTNER.

NOTICES.

ARDENERS should
New Year well ከ7 joining
Gardeners’ Association.—Full particulars,
JOHN JOHN WEATHERS, Park V lew,

the
British
from

begin
the
stamp,

Isleworth.

WANTED . al gardeners to
Professional Gardeners’ Association,

Leeds.—Particulars from GEO. REID,

tary, Pollard Hall Garden,

join The
headquarters.
Organising Secre-
Gomersal, near Leeds.

PLANTS, ce.,
ARDY | SHRUBS.

yellow, 2 to 24 ft.,
very bushy, 4- doz.:

FOR SALE.

common
2 to 34 ft..

— Broom,
2 6 doz., 14,- 100,
Broom, common and Andreana
mixed, 1 to 11 ft., =.- doz., 10) - 100, 14 to 2 ft., 2 6 doz..
13 - 100 ; Broom, white Portugal, 1 to 11 ft., 2- doz.. 10 -
100, 14 to 2 ft, 26 doz. 12- 100; Diplopappus chryso-
phyllus, 9 to 12 in., 2 - doz.. 12 - 100, 1 to 13 ft., 2 6 doz..
15/- 100: Lavender Cotton, extra bushy and tram». 3-
doz., 20 - 100; Privet ovalifolium, 13 to 2 ft.. 14 - 100.
2 to 21 ft., 16-- 100: Spiraea Menziesii triumphans, 2 to
3 ft., 3 - doz., 16 - 100, 3 to 4 ft., 4- doz., 20 - 100, 4 fo
4.9 - doz., 25 - 100, 5 to 6 ft., በ - doz.; Veronicas (all
very bushy) Buxifolia, 6 to 9 in., 26 doz., 15- 100,
Veronica traversii, 0 to 12 in.. 26 doz., 13'- 100, 12 to
13 in.. 4 - doz., 20- 100; Veronica carnosula glauca, 9 to
12 in., = በ doz., 14.- 100; Ericas (Hardy Heaths), strong
and well-rooted plants: Ciliaris. 5°- doz., Mediterranea
hybrida (Darleyensis), 5 - doz.. 32 - 100, Vagzans, 4 - doz.,
28 - 100, Vagans alba, 4 - doz., 25 - 100, Vawans rubra. ቶ-
doz., 32 - 100; Vulgaris alba Hammondii, fine white. 4-
doz., 2ን- 100, serleii; late white, 5- doz., 35- 100.
Vulgaris aurea, golden foliage, 5 - doz.: 100 hardy Heaths
in 10 named varieties, my selection, 28 - 100: 100 Hardy
Heaths in 15 varieties, my selection, 35 - 100. The above
have all been recently transplanted. The following ate
in strong seedlings: Broom, common yellow, 2 years, 19
100, 12 - 1,000, 50;- 5,000: Broom. common vellow and
Andreana, mixed, 2 wears, 2- 100, 15- 1,000: Broom,
white Portugal, 2 years, 2- 100. 135 - 1,000, all packing
and carriage extra. Catalogue of other shrubs, herbaceous
and alpine plants on application. —S5AMU EI, SMITH,
Slaghills Nursery, Tansley, near Matlock, Derbyshire. —

SHOW. AND REGAL PELARGONIUMS.
ኦ The most brilliant and gorgeous colours. Buy now
for a lovely display in the early summer. Strong plants
from 3-inch pots in 12 separate named varieties, 95.
Newer and more scarce varieties, 12 -, 13 -, and 17,6 per
dozen (all our own selection), sent free by parcels post
for cash or in Jeatherboard pots by passenger train, 20
per dozen extra.

Dahlias, pot roots, Caetus, Decorative, Pompons,
and Collarette, all at 6- per dozen, all separate name
varieties (our own selection). Will make fine early
plants grown on under glass.

Plumbago capensis, favourite
lovely blue shade, 1.-. Plumbago
Sent free per Parcels Post when 3-
value for cash with order (except

Catalogue free, orders. under 3 - 6d.
postage.—4J. W. COLE & SON,
Peterborough.

pus AND BAY TREES

established in tubs; magnificent
sizes. Sizes and prices on application. Unique collection
of Palms in all sizes. Prices and catalogue on application.
—ROBERT GREEN (1911), LTD., 28, Crawford Street,
London, W. 1.

ERNS! CALADIUMS !!-— Begonias., Palms,
Crotons. Dracaenas, Gloxinias, Hydrangeas,
Geraniums, Ericas, Lilies, Ferns and How to Grow
Them, by Smith, 3/6 post Tree, —SMITH,
London Fern Nurseries, London, 3,W.9 Ne

100, 00 LARGE GARDEN FERNS.

greenhouse climber.
eapensis alba, l-.
and upwards in
plants jn pots).
extra for box and
Westwood Nurseries,

Bay Trees
selection in all

30/- 100, variety; wanted 1,000
e Aapidistras for dividing. Catalogues free.—
SM TH, Fernery, London, S.W.9,

Tp ier 2ፏ፡

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Jantary 24, 1923.

THE

Gardeners’ —

ND: 1987—SATURDAY, JANUARY 24, 1925.

P ra a

CONTENTS.

Alpine garden— E- Mistleto, the «owing of 64
axifraga primuloides 26 | Narcissus eclworm dis-
Apple Cox's Orange | ease in America ... 40

Onion Cranston's Excel-

sior v. Ailsa Craig ከ4
Orehid Club. the $ 54

Books, notices of—

pa prm outs 64
, My Garden Book... በ1 |

Two Year Books 61 | orehia. notes and glean-
British My cological
Society $6 ... ወበ Odontioda Maria... 53
Paniculate Odonto-
Bravoa geminiflora 51 ፳1()::5111118፡ SN soe 33
Colchicum autumnale Parks and — gardens,
var. roseum 51 publie .. Wes .. 01
Cob-nuts and Filberts — 02 | Rose garden, the—
Cultura] memoranda— Roses in U.S.A. .. ጣን

Early Tomatos SQ. በ1 Out-door Roses in
Florists’ flowers— America ae ef. 960
New American Car- Rose stocks... .. ሀበ
nations 53 | g ardeniny on
New American Sweet Scho ol garde Lnd E:
Peas .. 53 Smith. Mr. Henry H... 30
'* Gardeners’ Chronicle ” Societies—
seventy-five years ago 51 Elgin Horticultural... 65
Garden notes from south- | National Rose 6ን
west Scotland ... E Reading and District
'" Geo. Monro, Ltd." | Gardeners’ , ቤን
concert ... ር e. 49 United Horticultural
Government Botanic | Benefit and Provi-
Gardens 62 dent... Ya . ኬን
ee ower border— .. | Sulphur as a tett ilis., 4u
fader Dni lavayi m Sutton and = Sons’) em-
Hoya carnosa 60 plovees’ pension fund 30
Solanum capsicastrum. 6^ | Tugwell, Mr. J. P.,
Iris Societ v's * Bulletin ” 49 presentations to ... Ol
Kew Notes ++ .. 92 | Vegetable garden—
Lilies in 1924 ... e. 008 Herba 63
Lowe. Mr. A. E. 19 Pea Bedford ( ‘hampion 63
Melville Mr. D., the Week's work, the e. 0d
late ` ደፍ — Worm life, problems of 57
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Colchicum autumnale var. roseum in the gardens at
Coombe House, Croydon m .. ጣ]
Cypripedium Mrs. Eley var. Derrick, 23: €. Worsleyi ኃህ
Geraniuin grandiflorum a » F el 000
Lilium nepalense ፡ e ORR p ee eee.
Smith, Mr. H. H., portrait ot e us * nc 0
Worms xs e — es sis ee e . y
SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE.
Lilium centifolium.

AVERAGE MEAN TEMPERATURE for the ensuing week
deduced from observations during the last fifty
years at Greenwich, 3:4.

ACTUAL TEMPERATURE—

The Gardeners’ Chronicle Office, 5, Tavistock Street.
Covent Garden, London, Wednesday, January “1.
10 am.: Bar. n temp: 49°, Weather, Fine.

Tne question whether appli-

Sulphur cations of sulphur to soil have
asa any decidedly beneficial effect
Fertilizer. on crop production is one
which is well worthy of careful

investigation. The evidence provided by

experiments which have hitherto been made
is not conclusive; but that may be due to
inexperience of the quantities which should
be used and the conditions under which
sulphur may act favourably on soil fertility.
It is, of course, well-known that sulphur is,
no less than nitrogen, an ingredient of the
proteins which constitute the basis of the
living bodies of plants. Wherefore it might
be supposed that just as additions of nitro-
genous manure to the soil exert a favourable
influence on plant growth, so might the
addition of sulphur. A soil rich in organic
matter would presumably contain enough
soluble sulphur compounds for the needs of
crops, but even so the analogy with nitrogen
might also hold good. Even a soil rich in
nitrogen compounds is apt to be benefited
by the addition of soluble nitrogenous
fertilizers, for the simple reason that the
total quantity of nitrates present in the soil
at any given time is rarely more than enough
to meet the requirements of one crop. The
fact that sulphur, if added to the soil, is
likely to be added in soluble form, should not
matter since itis now known that this clement,
like nitrogen, undergoes a regular cycle of

THE

GARDENERS’

change in nature. Sulphur in the soil is
acted on by sulphur-bacteria of different kinds,
and is oxidised to sulphuric acid, which
combines with bases in the soil to form
sulphates, of which those that are soluble in
the soil-solution are available for use ከኑ
plants. Wastage of sulphur compounds no
less than wastage of nitrogen compounds
goes on in the soil. —Micro-organisms may
reduce soil sulphates and liberate the sulphur
in the form of sulphuretted hydrogen. In
such a year as the present, when many soils
are waterlogged, this processs may go on
as the smell of decayed plants testifies even
in ordinarily good garden soil. Whether the
loss of sulphur by these means leads to a
serious depreciation of soil-sulphur cannot
be affirmed. It may do. On the whole,
however, it would seem probable that in good
garden soil, constantly enriched by the
decayed remains of plants, and by manures,
no lack of sulphur compounds occurs. Nevtr-
theless it would be interesting if those who
have access to cheap supplies of sulphur would
try the experiment of digging in light dress-
ings and report on the results. It remains to
note that with the production of sulphuric
acid from sulphur, soil-acidity will arise and
that that may be beneficial for such crops as
the Potato, which are less affected bv disease
(Potato scab) when the soil in which they
grow has an acid reaction.

Mr. A. E. Lowe.— We regret to learn from
two sources of the serious illness of Mr. A. E.
Lowe of New Zealand, and a letter from
Sir R. Heaton Rhodes, his employer, gives
small hope of his recovery. A portrait of
Mr. Lowe, whose name is a household word
amongst Daffodil lovers, appeared in the
Daffodil Year Book for 1914. In an extract
from a letter by Sir Heaton Rhodes, before
us, Sir Heaton states: ‘“ He has been with
me for nearly thirty years and I have,
with full confidence that I could trust him
and in the knowledge of his abilitv, left the
whole management of my garden and
plantations, which are extensive, to him.
He will be a great loss to the horticultural
world, and I am grieved, not only on that
account. but also because of my liking for
the man. that I shall not have him much
longer. With the exception of Mr. Tannock,
Curator of the Dunedin Gardens, I do not
know his equal in this country, and I know
full wel that I shall have the greatest
diffieulty in replacing him."

Iris Society's Bulletin. Iris Society
was the outcome of the visit of Mr. J. C.
Wister, President of the American Iris
Society. M. N. Mottet, and other conti-
nental visitors to this country in May,
1922. when, it will be remembered, visits
were paid by them to certain firms that
specialise in Irises. including Messrs. R.
Wallace and Co. Tunbridge Wells (see
Gard, Chron.. June 17, 1922, p. 314) and
Mr. Amos Perry, Enfield. Mr. Wallace
suggested the idea of instituting a British
Iris Society. and on October 4 of that
year the Tris Society came into being. At
the meetings of. the Society many inter-
esting papers on the Tris have been read
and now. for the first time, the Society
has published a Baulletin® The President for
1924 is Mr. G P. Baker. Bexley, Kent.
and the Secretary is Mr. (3. N. Bunyvard,

25. Bower Mount. Maidstone. The objects
of the Society. as set forth in the consti-
tution and rules are “to encourage, im-
prove. and extend the cultivation of Irises
aud to regulate their nomenclature. All
the articles in the Bulletin are by well-
known men in the Iris world. The intro-
duction is ከዛ Mr. W. R. Dykes, who
draws attention to the fact that there are
* The Iris Soc jet y. Bulletin NC Edite a by W. R.
Dykes.

CHRONICLE. 49

other Irises than Bearded Irises, und that
there are among them beautiful garden
plants that are in danger of being neglected.
Mr. Dykes refers to a number of these and
gives short details as to their cultivation.
Sir Arthur F. Hort, Bart, contributes a
very useful paper on the cultivation of tall
Bearded Irises, and the other three papers
are also concerned with Bearded Irises.
Mr. G. Yeld. like Sir Arthur Hort, deals
with the cultivation of these Irises under
the title “How to grow Bearded Irises.”
Mr. Baker writes from a long experience
with this tvpe of Iris and gives much that
is interesting hortieulturally concerning these

beautiful flowers. Mr. Pilkington's article
entitled ‘The cultivation of the tall
Bearded Irises,” includes some observations
regarding soil and its effect on the
growth and health of the plants, and
he also deals with the disease known as

rhizome rot. He concludes that the plant«
are more susceptible to this disease when
they continue growing late in a mild autumn
and enter the winter in a sappy condition,
with subsequent frosting of the foliage in
the spring.

“Geo. Monro, Ltd.” Concert.— The twenty-
sixth annual Bohemian Concert, held under
the auspices of the **Geo. Monro, Ltd."
Concert Committee, will take place at the
Queen's Hal, Langham Place, W.1., on
Thursday, February 12th. The doors will
open at 7 p.m.. and the concert is fixed to
commence at 7.30 p.m. The programme
contains the names of many famous artistes
and the band of His Majesty’s Grenadier
Guards will render a selection of music
under the direction of Lieut. C. Miller, L.R.A.M.
The proceeds of the concert ara devoted to

hospital funds and trade charities. Tickets
may be obtained from Mr. (1. Coleman,
Hon. Secretary, 4, Tavistock Street, W.C.2

The Narcissus Eeelworm Disease in America.
—While, of course, it is not surprising to
learn that the eelworm, Tylenchus, has
made its appearance on Narcissi in America,
it is nevertheless interesting to note that
what we believe to be the first American
paper on this subject has recently been
published in Phytopathology,* the official
organ of the American Phytopathological
Society. The author of the paper, Mr. C.
E. Soeott, gives a brief review of the
symptoms of the disease. and retains the
older name Tylenchus dipsaci Kuhn, for
the name of the pest. Originally Kuhn, in

1858, named the eelworm Anguillula dipsaci,
but as ,he found the pest attacked a
number of different plants and was not
restricted in its attacks solely to the
Teasel. he himself changed the name to
Anguillula devastatrix. In 1860 Bastian
made the new genus Tylenchus, and
amongst its members he placed "Tylenchus
devastatrix, a name, following the rules of
nomenclature, which should hold good. It

is disappointing to find that no record is
given as to the first appearance of thé
disease in America, although it has been
found in stock * that has been propagated
in California for twelve years as wcll as
in bulbs growing there in their first season
from Holland. on clean land." The disease
apparently is giving as much concern to
American growers as it has done in the
past to cultivators m this country and in

Holland, and while we see no reference to
the work on the control of the pest, which
has been conducted so long ago us 1917,
when the hot water treatment was under-
going a commercial test at Spalding from
results of experiments conducted at Wisley

in 1916 by Mr. J. K. Ramsbottom. it is

interesting to read that **treatment of
bulbs in hot water at 110° F. for three
hours is the most promising method. Tests
are being made to determine the period
during which this treatment will be most
effective, amd will result. in the minimum
injury to the bulb."

By — — — — — — — —

* Phytopathology, November, 1924,

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52

GARDEN NOTES FROM SOUTH-WEST
SCOTLAND.

THE summer of 1924 having been abnor-
mally wet and cold in the Scottish
Lowlands (we shared neither in the warm
spell that visited southern England in July
and the northern Highlands, Orkney and
Shetland in August), it is of some interest
to note its effect—if any—upon winter-
flowering plants as compared with the
winter following the hot summer of 1921.
The following table shows the dates on
which the earliest flowers were observed :—-

— — — —— — — — —

1924-5.

1921-2.

— MÀ

December 19
January 2

December 25
December 20

Hamamelis mollis...
Hamamelis arborea ...
Daphne Mezereum ...
Crocus vernus

...{ December 26

..| Not recorded

..] February 25
February 5

Galanthus nivalis a ...| December 22 | December 20
Eranthis hyemalis ... ...| January 1 December 26
Leucojum vernum Vagneri | January 7 January 5
Rhololeniron dauricum ...| December 23 | December 18
Primula denticulata ..] March 1 January 4
Berberis japonica .| November 5 | December 18

Rhododendron Nobleanum was ዜ. full
month later than the average, it usually
begins to bloom early in November; this
season it delayed till the first week in
December, since which the bushes have
kept up a magnificent display. Abutilon
megapotamicum has been decked with 118
quaint scarlet and yellow blossoms ever
since last midsummer. Desfontainea is still
putting forth a few flowers in a similar

livery, and Geum Borisii, as usual, has
persisted throughout the dark days—the
best of the genus, though a_ hybrid.

Herbert Maxwell, Monreith.

KEW ROTES.

ALPINE HOUSE.

Tuose who visit Kew just now and are
interested in hardy flowers will be sur-
prised to see how few are in bloom of all the
vast numbers of hardy species and varieties
included in the national collections. Nearly
everything is awaiting the advent of longer
days and increased sunlight before com-
mencing to send up their flower spikes,
but a few amongst the alpines are already
heralding the approach of spring. It was a
very happy decision of the Kew authorities
to build a special glasshouse where the
earliest alpines could be gathered together
and viewed in comfort, even on the most
dismal day of winter. This small house is
very fragrant just now with the beautiful
scent of Petasites fragrans, sometimes
known as Winter Heliotrope. The large,
reniform foliage at once suggests relationship
with the Coltsfoot, Tussilago Farfara, which
is one of the earliest of our wild plants
to send up its golden, Dandelion-like heads.
P. fragrans has whitish flowers, stained
with a little mauve; they are not very
attractive, but make a delightful posy for
the dwelling room owing to their delicious
scent.

Primula effuse, a species very near to P.
malacoides, with mealy leaves and stems,
18 one of the earliest of the Primulas to
blossom. The flowers are in whorls of
three to five and bear small, delicate,
shell-pink coloured blossoms with an orange
eye and ቤኪ orange-yellow tube. This
species has obviously affinities with P. mala-
coides, which has a superior inflorescence, so
that P. effuse is not greatly wanted for
gardens.

One of the most interesting subjects in
the house is a pan of Primula frondosa,
the resting buds of which look as if they
had been whitewashed and surrounded by
foliage that has damped off. These resting
buds of certain Primulas are very interesting ;
P. sceotiea has similar ones, although

THE

GARDENERS'

smaller than in P. frondosa. Crocus
lmperati is in bloom in the alpine house,
and it has been in flower also in the rock
garden for some time past. Crocus Sieberi,
which is probably the best of the early
Crocuses, is also in flower. The colour is
China-blue, against which the rich scarlet
stigmata and Orange-coloured throat show to
advantage. With the Crocuses, some of the
Snowdrops are in bloom, including Galan-
thus Elwesii and G. cilicius, the latter of
which has been flowering for a month or
more.

Some of the early Saxifrages are on the
point of blooming, including the small, yellow-
flowered Saxifraga Fleischeri, a hybrid; and
also the pink S. Kellereri. The big leaved
Saxifraga ligulata var. speciosa and S.
megasaefolia are already out. Although not
vet in bloom, Saxifraga Geum var. dentata
is most attractive, with the ruby-red of its
older foliage; & pan of this plant presents
a very striking appearance. Another pretty
foliage plant is Sedum spathulifolium var.
purpurea; the older foliage, which is very
fleshy, is finely coloured and the growths
form rosettes of leaves with the younger
ones in the centre quite green, the ruby
colour deepening 8s it passes to the older
leaves below.

Of the commoner winter flowers there are
plants in bloom of Helleborus niger and
Adonis amurensis, and these, together with
those mentioned above, are the chief
subjects now providing colour in the alpine
house.

The finest of the Hellebores is out of doors
in the garden beds—Helleborus corsicus, of
which there is a big plant in the section
devoted to Ranunculaceae. Almost opposite
this, on the wall, is a plant of Lonicera
Standishii bearing clusters of sweet-scented,
white flowers of the usual Honeysuckle
shape. Although the flowers are numerous
the plant generally is not very attractive,
although interesting for its precocity and
also for its fragrance.

ROCK GARDEN.

A FEW subjects are already out on the
rock garden. Erica carnea and its variety
alba are both well flowered, and although
this species is not so imposing as some of
the Heaths, it is, notwithstanding Mr.
Johnson's condemnation of the plant on
p. 37, quite welcome in mid-winter. Other
subjects of interest just now in the rockery

are Helleborus sulphureus, forms of H.
orientalis, H. viridis var. graveolens, and
H. colchicus, a chocolate-flowered form.

other Christmas
but none of them would
to gardeners so much as a fine

These are associated with
Roses in a dell,
appeal

clump of the common white form of
Helleborus niger. It was interesting to
see Euphorbia biglandulosa in flower not
far from where Daphne Laureola and

D. Mezereum were blooming. A most in-
teresting cross between D. Mezereum and
D. Laureola, named D. Mezerula, is on the
point of flowering at Kew for the first
time. The foliage is evergreen, about the
size and shape of that of D. Laureola, but
dark coloured like the leaves of D. Mezereum.
At first sight this plant might be mistaken
for a small Rhododendron that had lost its
lower leaves. It will be interesting to see
what the flowers are like. whether green,
like those of D. Laureola or coloured like
D. Mezereum.

A fine plant of Tsuga canadensis variety
pendula, on a bluff, is carpeted beneath
with Primula Winteri, and the flowering
plants appear to be very happy under the
canopy of the evergreen, promising to give
fine flowers later. Another interesting ever-
green is Rhododendron Williamsiana, a low,
prostrate, spreading species with orbicular
foliage and prominent red buds. It is quite
attractive for its foliage alone and makes a
very pretty object in the rock garden in

winter. RR. moupinense will soon be in
flower, but as this precocious species 18
usually eut off by frost, it is not. to be

CHRONICLE.

January 24 1925

greatly recommended, although many would
like to include it in the alpine garden, as

it grows only some six to seven inches
high.
At the Richmond end of the rock

garden there is a very fine plant of Apera
arundinaceae with bronzy, arching foliage,
of which Mr. Johnson wrote so appreciatively

in his '' Notes from a Welsh Garden," on
p. 37.
THE GREENHOUSE.

THE conservatory, officially known ag
No. 4 house, is attractive at all seasons of
the year, but it is most appreciated in
winter, when there are but few plants
in flower in the open. Unfortunately, the

exceptionably dense fogs experienced recently
have injured many of the plants, and some
of them are, as a consequence, looking
very leggy. The beautiful blue Pycnostachys
Dawei, for which Mr. L. R. Russell obtained
an Award of Merit at the early January
meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society,
is one of the most conspicuous subjects in
the house, and its blue is of a magnificent
shade—rich, royal blue. This plant, which
is a ''fog.resister," needs to be grown in a
bold group, for the tall stems, which in
the Kew plants are some four to five feet,
bear only one head of blossom, and there
appears to be no sign of flowers from
axiliary shoots. Other tall subjects which are
used in groups include Moschosma riparium,
with its dainty, feathery panicles of white
flowers; Coleus thyrsoideus, another beautiful

blue-flowered exotic ; Salvia rubescens, with
flowers of a most glorious scarlet; and
Begonia manicata. Of these Coleus thyrs-

oides seems to have suffered most from the
effects of fogs, which are frequent and = dense
at Kew when foggy weather prevails in the

metropolis, doubtless because of the close
proximity of the river Thames.
The plant stages have a very neat

edging of Helxine Soleirolii growing in the
shell and gravel with which the stage is
covered; they are bright with a variety
of subjects, including perpetual-flowering
Carnations, a fine batch of Primula kewensis;
P. obconica of a large-flowered strain;
Epacris in variety ; Leptospermum scoparium,
which makes a dainty pot plant; Jacobinia
chrysostephana. which is well furnished with
its Orange or Citron-yellow coloured heads
of flowers; Strobilanthes isophyllus that is
smothered with its tubular flowers being quite
one of the best of the dwarfer plants in
bloom ; Lindenbergia grandiflora ; Reinwardtia
tetragyna with beautiful yellow blooms of
the colour of those of Jasminum primulinum ;
and R. trigyna which has a little Orange
shading in the yellow of its flowers.

All those enumerated are very suitable
for the decoration of the greenhouse or
conservatory at this season of the year.
However, to find the jem of the collection,

we must look to the planted-out subjects
in the beds. a magnificent Camellia,
C. japonica magnolaeflora, whose flowers are
of the most delicate, clear pink, and
produced with the greatest freedom. The
objection that some have to Camellias
being stiff and formal cannot be advanced
in the case of this charming specimen, for

the petals are very loosely arranged, and
stand well apart at almost right angles to
the calyx. Close by, on a pillar, Barnadesia
rosea from South America, is giving a generous
display of its interesting pink inflorescences.
which, when dissected, show the flowers to
be all ligulate. arranging themselves in &
pattern to form a bloom something like 4
small flower of a Dianthus. This plant was
illustrated in Gard. Chron., March 9, 1889.
from a sketch by the late Mr. Worthington
G. Smith, who has shown the flowers upright
and not dependent as they grow naturally.
It is remarkable that this beautiful climber
is not utilised for the cmbellishment of green.
houses and conservatories more frequently,
በ8 it makes a handsome climber for a pillar
supporting the roof. T.

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96

to a height of from one foot to three feet
and sometimes taller. '

The numerous Allamanda-like flowers are
of shades of bright rose to deep crimson.
and they last in good condition for a
long time. It would be difficult to pro-
nounce which is the more attractive. the
foliage or the flowers.

To obtain the most satisfactory results,
a deeply trenched rich soil is necessary.
as this tuberous-rooted plant needs a deep
root.run.

Incarvillea grandiflora bears large, trum-
pet-shaped, crimson flowers, with pale
yellow throats, on scapes from twelve to
eighteen inches high, in May and June.

Incarvillea grandiflora var. brevipes. col-
lected by Mr. George Forrest, on the high
Alps of Yunnan, China, is an outstanding var-
iety of this species, the flowers being larger
than in the type and of a brilliant crim-
son, with a conspicuous white throat; the
flower scapes are from two feet to three feet
tall.

Incarvillea Olgae has large, showy, trumpet-
shaped, bright rose flowers, on stems three
feet tall; the plants season of flowering is
July to August.

I. variabilis is quite distinct from any of
the above, having pretty, Fern-like foliage.
and showy pink or rose-coloured flowers on
stalks one foot to one-and-a-half foot long.
produced during July and August.

Incarvillea thalictrifolia is similar to the
last as regards foliage. but has small,
canary-yellow flowers, the throat lined with
crimson and closely resembling a bloom of
the greenhouse Streptocarpus. W. Logan.

THE ROSE GARDEN.

ROSES IN U.S.A.

progress is being made in the
new Hybrid Tea Roses for

STEADY
production of

forcing purposes in America. The Rose is
by far the most important market flower
at all seasons in this country, particularly

in winter. Our clearer skies permit flowers
of exceptional qiualty being produced right

through the winter. Houses for Roses ure
growing steadily larger; one nearing com-
pletion at Madbury, N.H. for the W. H.

Elliott Co. of Brighton, Mass.. is eight
hundred feet long and eighty.one feet wide,
while this same firm has another house
1,360 feet long but a little narrower than
the newer house, and this firm is but one
of a great number of growers scattered all

over the United States.

Of the newer Roses, Templar, raised by
the Montgomery Co., Hadley, Mass., is
proving extremely popular. The flower is
of a rich glowing crimson-scarlet colour
which does not fade out, and it has a
very pleasing fragrance. It is not a parti-
cularly large bloom and the petals are
thinner than in some others, but it 1:

proving to be a splendid winter bloomer.

Sensation, introduced by Messrs. E. Q.
Hill Co. is of similar colour and possesses
fragrance; it also is much larger, but the
plant flowers less freely and fades out

black after being in cold storage for a day

or two. Stil another red Hose, Red
Premier. bids fair to become extremely
popular. Premier has sported red with a
number of growers, and as it is a free

winter bloomer, its should be in
great demand

Mrs. Calvin Coolidge, a yellow sport from

sport

Ophelia, was introduced last spring by the
F. R. Pierson Co., of Tarrytown, N.Y.

While this variety is a free bloomer, it is
at a great disadvantage when compared
with Souvenir de Claudius Pernet, which is
the most popular yellow Rose ever grown
under glass in America and realises a higher
price than any other Hybrid-Tea. It does
splendidly under glass and one good point

about it is that the flowers become more
golden as they expand and have remark-
able lasting properties. l have seen this

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

vəllow “Rose exhibited here in mid-winter
with immense flowers carried on stems five
feet to six feet long.

Nothing specially new is offered this year
with the exception of one or two light
sports of Columbia. This latter Rose
remains the most favoured of its colour
here. It is the reverse of pleasing in the
bud stage, throws a good many “bull-
head" flowers and lacks the fragrance of
America. The comparative failure of America
to hold the leadership amongst the pink
Roses for forcing seems almost tragic.
Here is the most beautiful Rose of 118
colour ever introduced, which Mr. E. (1.
Hill rightly classes as his masterpiece. and
one which has received high honours in
Great Britain, yet after growing it for one
season many of the larger growers entirely
discarded it, the reason being that the
petals were a little soft and easily bruised.
Out-of-doors this Rose is the superior of
Columbia. and signs are not wanting now
that with different treatment under glass
it will. return. to favour with market-
growers. QOphelia under glass here is almost
a back number: Mme. Butterfly has dis-
placed it almost entirely and this latter
Rose is, with Columbia, the two most popular
varieties Roses for forcing on this continent.
Mme. Alexander Dreux. which is to be sent
out this spring. will. it is believed, prove
extremely popular on account of its glorious
colour.

OUT-DOOR ROSES IN AMERICA.

1፲ is in such states as Oregon where
Roses are seen at their best out-of-doors
in this country, Portland being classed as
the "city of Roses,’ but a striking
advancement in their culture is taking
place in the colder eastern states. Rose
gardens are becoming increasingly popular
and greater care is being taken than
formerly in the location of these gardens,
as well as thorough soil preparation and
drainage. As our winters are quite severe
here with the temperature below zero on
many occasions, and high winds usually
blow on the coldest nights, winter pro-
tection must be efficient and banking up
the plants with soil is the best method yet

devised supplemented, after the ground is
frozen very hard, with coverings of leaves
or straw, evergreen branches being laid

over these; sometimes fences of Burlap are
also used to mitigate the effect of cold winds.

The bulk of our Roses are planted in spring;
1. have had far better success with fall
planting in late October and right through
November. Roses sold in spring have been
stored in sheds or celars over the winter
and are often very badly shrivelled, in
many cases being actually dead when they
are sent out, hence, there is a great
number of blanks to fill each year.

Varieties grown here are much the same
as in England. The freest blooming of all
hybrid ‘Teas is Ophelia, and no other sort
compares with this. As a yellow variety,
Souvenir de Claudius Pernet does extremely
well even when planted in autumn, and
black spot troubles it but little if care is
taken to pick up all fallen leaves, to dust
spray regularly, and to avoid | manure
mulchings and night watering.

Amongst other Roses which do very well
here are Rev. F. Page Roberts, Independence
Day. Mme. Leon Pain, Lady Pirrie, Golden
Emblem, Souvenir de Georges Beckwith,
Lady Hillingdon, Red Letter Day. Mrs.
Henry Morse, Mrs. Wemyss Quin, |, Queen
Alexandra, K. of K., Miss Lolita Armour,
Los Angeles, Constance, America, Willow-
mere, Radiance, and Mrs. S. K. Rindge.

The hybrid-perpetuals have declined in
favour here as in Great Britain, but strong
efforts are being made to bring them back
into favour on account of their greater
hardiness than the hybrid Teas, this making

them better for planting in our colder
states.

Climbers and Ramblers have been exten-
sively planted in late years, the intro-

JANUARY 24, 1925.

ductions of the late Dr.
M. H. Walsh being in especial favour
Paul's Scarlet Climber is in great demand,
both as a forcing Rose for Easter blooming
and as an outdoor climber. Even the oll
Gloire de Dijon is still planted and will
winter in Massachusetts if suitably pro
tected; this latter variety brings back many
pleasant memories to the great number of
us who received our early training in Great
Britain.
Among Rose

grown greatly in

Van Fleet and

species Rosa Hugonis has
favour: it is tho earliest
Rose to bloom here and withstands very
cold weather with impunity. It is regrettable
that in the past two years a serious blight
has attacked this Rose, apparently vigorous

plants, or large branches, dying off in a
night. This disease appears to be very
similar to that causing blight on Pear
trees, which kills out entire branches at the
height of the growing season. The disease

i3 being studied in at least one agricultural
college, but as yet no possible cure has
been suggested.
ROSE STOCKS.
Ovr growers of Roses under glass are so

far unable to dispense with the Manetti
stock; Rosa multiflora) did not prove a
success. So far domestic sources of the

supply of Manetti stocks are very uncertain,
and forcers depend in the main on im-
portations, which are still. vouchsafed to us.
Trials are being made with Hosa odorata
indoors; some growers praise 1t. others con-
demn it as suckering badly. In California

this latter stock, which proves tender in
New England, is being used in great
numbers, and some of our eastern dealers
in hardy Roses are securing their entire
stock from there. How long these Roses
will survive in our colder states remains to
be proved, but it is entirely improbable
that it will be as long as plants worked
on Manetti, rugosa, or multiflora stocks.

The last-named stock 1 like very much; it

gives a far better root system than
Manetti and has the added advantage of
suckering but very little. Nearly all the
eastern propagators of Roses in the open

are using multiflora and the Roses they are

sending out compare very favourably with
those [ have previously had on the
Manetti. Wiliam N. Craig, Weymouth, Mass.,
U. S. A.

ALPINE GARDEN.

SAXIFRAGA PRIMULOIDES.

POPULAR taste at present does not greatly
favour the Saxifrages of the London Pride
section, although they have many points to
commend them to those not entirely devoted
to the more minute plants and the exquisite

Kabschia and Euaizoon Rockfoils. Thero is,
for example, the attractive foliage of the
plants, which varies greatly in size and

appearance, and the lace-like flowers, which
look pleasing in a mass. The old London
Pride, or more properly, London's Pride,
acquired the names of ** None-so-pretty " and
"Queen Annes Lace-work.’ but since Saxi-
fraga umbrosa was introduced we have had
many others of this Robertsonia section,
and none more delightful than the little S.
primuloides. The late Mr. Farrer, after
referring to others of the section, calls S.
primuloides **incomparably the most delightful
of all; “This makes a neat and charming
little massed colony of a copious growth,
with mounded roscttes of dark, down.lying,
wavy-cdged, fat foliage and countless eight-
inch showers of brilliant soft.pink stars of
pinkish stems in early summer—a beauty of
the greatest willingness and charm."
This plant is easy to cultivate almost any-
where, on the edge of the border, in the rock
garden, or even in the morain—as I have
proved. It likes shade but does not object
to sun, and is a truly accommodating little
flower in ulmost all kinds of soil that is
reasonably free in texture. S. Arnott.

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| c Vols ew Easy F "avourire Pa 2፡ ው —
-= Webbs! New Lire Marvel Pes, 25. per pint.
— | Webbs”. Kinver Nlameiothi: Broad: Bean, 3s: per guari
= Webbs" New Harbinger Dwarf Bean, as, per pint.
o Webbs! First at AI Cabbage 6d. 886. 15. pkr
a a Webbs? ‘New Early: Frame: Cauliflower. ts. Bes

Webbs”. New: ‘Wonderful Kartor ys het, SIRNEA ANAA P ——

“ጊቾ bis Perfection Pink Celery, Gd. and Se PRR oU eire el ae —

Favour: Cücumber, i5. 5d. ip A E —

> Webbs” Sew. sShanigénn. Prae Leek; ie pec EU C 00200007

| Webbs: ONES Foroné- Gem: [የህ d. 1 85. ‘pki do UID.

SN ebbs — እን 48578

CAN EBbs* New Earliest of. AN Radish, tod. ounce d s ———

CA ehhs? Nee. Ernperor: "Fonit ie; per: vkb ን ሚኩ —
Give g: ‘Trial to Webbs’ ‹ ‘Magic’ ^ — ahr? :

WEBB & SONS, LTD., The King’s Seedsmen
and Manure Manufacturera $ STOURBRIDGE.

5 4 መ ሽሽ «P.

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H BE ie CON WIA “SEEDS 2p | NUS d — - Giant ጀዘበጩ Sweet Peas jer. 1928, each E

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- Tange "of. qyarcgebus hens.
- GLOXINIA. SEED
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fae prices ef: tubers of abor: aud ather E ብታ... —— quac E E A-
specialities, write for: ——— [| ——— s. HENRY ECKF 085. F. RE 62. =
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NOTES: EROM MAID-
rare STONE.

— —

A R. ARE CHERR Y.

We. cun poto “offer, a qe x
——— plants uf. the rare Prunus F
» BED pseudo ያጠ [ርወወዕ) =
He iE ais euth, ሠ pears pld,
11. ok ዐዘ year ጩ 157. Thee
11 - fruds tery መ in ወ cold.
|. ዘርሮ anid 35 quite hardy d
1 ዘወ. ሕፀ lowers ፻- .
“early. ሠ produce frui The
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— We. debite: this- is. the: firat. 5
i i M Qm fime ሠ has: ይጠ ም
MEM. foe sale, ፲፪ Bngland.

de fins of — x

y ace. “PER: PRT. 684.
CLIBRANS! AMBER QUEEN. -

Canary. Yellow, overlaid, chamois aik, 1
Kolden. lip.. ጋ

CLIBRANS* Bu FF. QUEEN.

ልክህ vaty, shading Yom Mm አፈ ረር
ከኬ apricat. S x

CLIBRANS". CARMINE QUEEN.
| Bright carmina, fine. ——

CLIBRANS' CRIMSON QUEEN. -
| ከ d dark aita. es

እናት

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> » teed

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a

‘Primrose yellow, ሸብ በ95. & —_ |

" | Retour. ae *
A CLIBRANS’ MAUVE queen.

Post , Resy manve, iy

NRN -OLIBRANS? ORANGE QUEEN.
Syn በበ: መት 9. በ፪ ani

Uwe oso

GLIBRANS* PINK QUEEN.
Tue. tah pow, ዛፍ du TEN

Have You x Pr :

— — አመ ገሙ — ea —— — — ኙ= EEUU ጋ ጋ ል — —

‘Dark uris — very dark ሠ

CLIBRANS' SALMON QUEEN.
rillian hatt, yellów - centre,
GLIBRANS'. SCARLET QUEEN.
aS - Brilliant scarlet, Brand, —
CLIBRANS’ WHITE QUEEN. !
SA: particularly. fine farge-flowered white: UN
CLIBRANS’ YELLOW QUEEN, |
> Rich gaiden yellow, a. lovely. colour,

9ህ EEN OF THE NORTH.
Densely covered with large White flowers,

CLIERANS' SUPERB MIXED.
OA thaice በከ! oF jas 688.

*

8 HL ; per uos m S " —
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„tonit ibutlone |

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” FH — ES SM d V es አሆ =
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* * d 1 $i X84 i
፥ ያች: ሚታ Pel lra My RORA inea Ur y. EI CUP

ሪ አል.

Complete L Lia iu the choicest and a sation | to the State Benehts and xm. payable at :

bes |

MES Private ind Market Gardeners: E Beedle —
mi and Florists "p tn the agc f 45 Gam. ዬደ igihe for WES
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; Penton; Warren. House, Gardens, — ‘Bingston . 8
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ALTRINCHAM.

TOS SSS SSS OSS 257 TTN Etre

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——

EDITORIAL NOTIOES.

. ADVERTISEMENTS should be sent to the
PUBLISHER, 5, Tavistook Street, Covent
Garden, W.C.2.

Editors and Pu»lishe>.—r correspondents would
obriate delay in obtaining answers to their communi-
cations, anl save us much time and trouble, if they would
kindly observe the notice printed weekly to the effect that
all Letters relating to financial matters and to adrertise-
ments should be addressed to the PUBLISHER ; and that
all communications intended for publication or referring
to the literary department, and all plants to be named
should be directed tothe EDITORS. The two departments,
Publishing and Editorial, are distinct, and much un-
necessary delay and confusion arise when letters are
misdirected.

Milustrations.—The Editors will be glad to receive and to
select photographs or drawings suitable for reproduction,
of gardens, or of remarkable flowers, trees, etc., but they
cannot be responsible for loss or injury.

Local News.—Correspondents will greatly oblige by sending
to the Editors early intelligence of local events likely to be
of interest to our readers.

Special Notice to Correspondents.—The Editors do
not undertake to pay for any contributions or illustrations,
or to return unused communications or tlustrations.,
unless by speci! arrangement. The Editors do not hold
themselves. responsible for any opinions expressed by
their correspondents.

Letters fcr Publication as well as specimens of plants
for naming, should be addressed to the EDITORS,
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, London.
ommunications should be WRITTEN ON ONR SIDR
ONLY OF THE PAPER, sent as early in the week as
possible, and dily signed by the writer. If desired, the
signature will not be printed, but kept as a guarantee of
good faith.
Urgent Communications.—// sent by telegraph, these
should be addressed ‘‘Gard. Chron.,” Rand; or by
telephone, to Gerrard, 1843.

LILIES IN 1924.

HE perplexing mutability of our climate
is & source of perennial interest and

wonder to gardeners. Elders of the
craft may sometimes think that in half a
century Nature has rung every possible

change on them and played them every

trick of which she is so consummate a
mistress. That may be ao, but in the
twelve years during which this annual

chronicle has been printed there has been
none like that recently ended.

The year 1924 will go down in gardening
history as & year of surprises. Climatically, it
was exasperating beyond expression, but for all
that it was a wonderful year in a horti-
cultural sense, while physiologically, there
was much about it that to a layman
seemed to need explanation. Nine out of
ten experienced gardeners in the home
counties would probably say that the
climatic conditions antecedent to what we
may call the flowering season of 1924 were
the reverse of conducive to the general
welfare of hardy plants, while, except for
three glorious weeks in July, the weather
of the year itself was consistently atrocious.
Yet who can remember a season in which
there was such prodigal and prolonged
wealth of bloom on hardy herbaceous and
bulbous plants in general, and garden Roses ?
As an example, some plants of Gladiolus
princeps the writer had under observation
were in flower for thirty-one days, a batch
of three old plants of Thalictrum diptero-
carpum bloomed continuously for thirty-seven
days, and a clump of Lilium croceum for
, an average of thirty days!

Science may be able to offer some
explanation of the apparent anomaly
presented by such luxury of flower in a
season so wet and sunless, following a
rather similar season in the preceding year;
but the lay mind is left groping, and, in
its perplexity, turns to the long winter of
1923-4 as possibly contributing in some
measure to the anomaly. But though the
winter may have influenced the flowering of
established plants it could hardly have
affected Japanese Lilies or Gladioli planted
at the middle and end of March.

If we persuade ourselves that the beneficent
effect of 1921 was still potent in 1924, the
same objection holds good for newly-planted
exotic bulbs, and we are driven back on
the theory that the fine display made by
such bulbs was a mere coincidence.

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

In common with all vegetation, Lilies
were slow to push through the earth in
1924, and there was none of the precocious
growth which has been so noticeable of
late years. Even L. speciosum hung back,
and that is a sure indication of an unusual
state of things. The vernal Crocus was
not in bloom till St. Patrick's Day, and it
was only at Easter that a few warm, sunny
days brought the advance guard of Lilies
spearing through. Thereafter, a relapse to
icy winds and cold weather kept them
spellbound, and there was no general rush

to the sun till spring began in earnest in
the middle of April. Even then the earth
was so cold that bulbous plants moved
1 ።) ማመ ግፍ ር መፍ -- - መሙ-መሙ- ec tr = —
|
p
í
i
|
. T
FIG. 24.—LILIUM NEPALENSE.
(Forrest's No. 15827) in the Gardens at Endsleigh,
hesitatingly and as if uncertain of their
destiny.
In the absence of any prolonged warm

weather it was inevitable that the opening
of the season should be delayed, and the
first week of June had passed before that
usually reliable time-keeper, L. pyrenaicum,
opened its petals. Long before then Botrytis
had begun its deadly work under conditions
which, if not essential, are ‘obviously ideal

for it—cold winds and a humid. sunless
atmosphere. Though other Lilies did not
escape, L. candidum, as ever, was the first

to fall victim to this insidious disease, for
which research ought surely to have found

a prophylactic by now; and, incidentally,
it was noticed that the wild (Salonica)
form of this Lily, for the introduction of

which gardeners have to thank Mr. Ambler,
who sent bulbs to Mr. Bowles in 1917. was
not so resistant to the disease as it seemed

JANUARY 24, 19235.

to be at first. In the course of many
years’ observation of the incidence of
Botrytis, the writer has noticed sufficiently
often as to place the point beyond doubt,
that the sun has more control over the
fungus than anything else. In years of
abundant sunshine, such as 1911 and 1821.

Botrytis was not in evidence on Lilies, and
in other vears its progress had been tardy
or rapid to a degree depending on the
sun. Last year provided a capital illustra.
tion of the hold sunshine has on this
fungus. for in the wet. dull and chilly
weather which prevailed in the south from
the end of April to the end of June,
it gained a firm hold on Lilies of many
kinds. Half way through June it seemed
as if the season would be a failure, but
the coming of the sun at the end of the
month worked a magical change. Gardeners
will remember that in the south ther
was a spell of almost tropical sunshine and
from the end of

an entire absence of rain

June till July 18, and, in less than a
week after this sunny spell had begun,
Botrvtis was scotched. ላ few days later it
was beaten, and more remarkable still

many plants which had been crippled by |!
made a wonderful recovery.

Although, as already mentioned, there
was much about the season that seemed
inexplicable, as for example, the prodigal

display made by plants of many kinds, and

Roses in particular, we shall probably not
be far wrong if we lay the credit for the
comparative success of the Lily season to
that brief spell of sunshine. At any rate.
although the weather of August and
September was all against them, Lilies
made a brave show. From many parts
of the country there have come reports of
the exceptionally floriferour condition of L.
uratum, and it is not a little curious
that these reports concern newly-planted,
imported bulbs as well as older plants

Now, none can believe that in the ordinary
way a wet and cheerless season is favourable
to the growth of L. auratum, and as in a
general sense last year was the wettest and

most cheerless for twenty years, we must
look elsewhere for the underlying cause of
the unusual display. Imported bulbs of
L. auratum planted in early March can

hardly have been materially influenced by
the cold spring and, in the absence of any
other known factor, we fall back on the
July sun as materially responsible for the
anomalous state of affairs.

Another Lily which seems to have found
the excessive wet weather of last autumn
to its liking is that shown in the supple-
mentary plate accompanying the present issue,
enlarged and reproduced from a photograph
of L. centifolimm in Lady Alice Nhaw-
Stewart's garden, at Ardgowan, last autumn.
The same clump was illustrated in The Gar-
deners’ Chronicle last year from a photograph
(Gard. Chron., January 12, 1924, Fig. 10,
p. 23), taken in the autumn of 1923, and
reference to that figure shows how the
colony has prospered in the twelve months’

interval. But that is no more wonderful
than the progress of the Lily from the
beginning, and its history, in Lady Alice
Shaw-Stewart’s own words, will be read
with interest.

“The seed reached ine from the Craven

Nursery in July, 1915, as Farrers No. 316

(L. longiflorum ?), and was at once sown
in boxes. Jn 1916 the remainder of our
gardeners fit for service went to the war,

and those who were left were barely sufficient
for the cultivation of vegetables and fruit.
Seeds of flowers had to take their chance,
and this particular seed was no exception.
In 1919 the seed boxes were gone over.
and though, as was only to be expected.
much had died, we managed to save a few
things in the way of shrubs and herbaceous

plants. We found only one Lily bulb in
the box sown in 1915, and planted that in
the herbaceous border in 1920. Next year

- — — — — — — — — x 3 ~ E — i

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60

SCHOOL GARDENING.

A CTRAVELLER by aeroplane and flying low
over the country would. see in the vicinity
of many hundreds of elementary schools
pieces of. land. divided up into school garden
plots. Jf the flight were made during the
spring or summer thousands of boys and
girls could be seen planting. sowing, and
tending their gardens, and for the most
part happy, because in the garden the
majority of them find congenial work.

Upwards of twenty vears have passed since
gardening was added to the curriculum of
elementary schools. The object of school
gardening, by the way, was not to make
gardeners, though incidentally many boys
have found their natural bent on the school
plot. ‘The idea was to develop powers of
observation, to give reality to Nature study,
to make boys skilful in the use of tools,
and, what is very important, to make them
feel that there is nothing /»fra ዘ”. about
manual labour. Perhaps the chief attraction
about a school garden plot to the average
boy is that it is his own; t 18 some-
thing that belongs to him. and gives
scope for enterprise and individual effort.
In this connection. I remember once being
in a school garden with the chief official
of the County Education Authority. One
boy had taken the trouble to edge his plot
with stones delved from a neighbouring
quarry, and as he talked the official in
question thoughtlessly put his foot on በክር
of the stones, making it loose in the ground.
I saw one boy nudge another and glance

anxiously at the moving stone, and then
attracting the attention of the official he
observed, quite respectfully, "I beg your

pardon, sir, but would you mind taking your
foot off that stone." This request, put by
an anxious schoolboy, emphasises my point
could

better than any argument 1 put
forward of my own.

It has been argued more than once that
the average schoolmaster is not technically
capable of teaching gardening, but every-
thing depends on whether the teacher likes

gardening himself. If 80, nothing else matters:
he and his class will learn together. and
there is nothing more delightful and inspiring
in education than to see a teacher and his
pupils working out problems together, learn-
ing from their mistakes, and inquiring into
the secrets of nature by means of simple
experiments. The school garden offers great
scope for these mutual investigations. and
the lesson learnt is what every good gardener
knows, namely, that if success is to be
achieved, every cultural operation must be
done well. There are instances, of course.
in which results in the shape of crops are
not satisfactory, and in such cases there is
obviously something wrong, because you can
never get good education out of bad garden-
ing. In short, if the latter is not good the
edueational value falls short in proportion.
It is to the credit of many schoolmasters
and the young people they teach that the
gardening is amazingly good, and there are
various ways and means of improving it.
As an illustration of one of them. the
Agricultural Education Committee of the
Gloucestershire County Council inaugurated.
before the war, an annual exhibition of
produce in which special classes were provided
for school gardens. 1 well remember those
early days of the show and the puny efforts
of the schoolboys. Sympathetic critics said
that the vegetables shown were **as good as vou
could expect from boys," but the latter and their
teachers were learning their lessons from
the typical exhibition specimens staged by
professional gardeners, A steady improvement
has been observed, until now it is generally
admitted that exhibits from school gardens
are equal to the best in a splendid show.
and on the last .occasion the little village
school of Maisemore. near Gloucester, staged
Onions—grown on the school garden in the
corner of a ploughed field—that would have

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. —

taken a lot of beating in any first-class
show.
The teachers do not. grow the crops, but

the boys themselves, with the teacher as
the inspiration and guiding spirit. The school

garden has helped to discover possibilities
in Children which a generation ayo were
never believed to exist. and when the
process of education was ane of driving in
rather than drawing out

At the show in question there were little

groups of boys, perhaps thirteen or fourteen
years old. from schools up to twenty miles
distant, not in the care of a teacher. but
bringing in their. produce themselves, and
staging 11 correctiy and tastefully. The boys
honour the trust that is placed in them,
and to my mind this evidence of self-reliance

is one of the great triumphs of modern
educational metheds.
| observed nt the beginning of this note

that the object) of school gardening was not
vocational--to make gardeners but incidentally
this is what is being done. 1 do not mean
that professional gardeners are being created
in this way, but that school gardening
brings out a love of gardening, and who
can say to what extent the national growth
of interest. in horticulture. which im my

judgment is one of the. few good things
that have come out of the war —-is due

to the influence of the teaching of gardening
in elementary schools. Let it be remembered
that tbe school age is an impressionable age,
and on a little plot of ground in በ school
garden there may be inculeated in a youthful
mind the beginning of that love for horti-
culture which The Gardeners’ Chronicle has
done so much to foster since the days of
Nir Joseph Paxton. G. H. Hollingworth.

INDOOR PLANTS.

HOYA CARNOSA.

Hoya CARNOSA is an old favourite, and
has been cultivated in this country since
1802, in which year it was introduced. from

Wax-flower, and
a damp wall

India. It is known as the
i» an ideal plant for clothing

in the stove, intermediate house, or even in
the cool greenhouse. "The. plant. will. cling
to the wall by means of aerial roots and
will even grow or flower well in such a
position without soil at the roots. Equal
parts loam and peat mixed with broken

bricks provide a good rooting-meditun.
Cuttings form a ready means of propaga-

tion and good plants are quickly grown
from them. The pinkish-white. wax-like

Howers are vielded freely in summer, and
they are produced on the old flower-
stalks as well as on the voung growths.
Disturbance at the root is resented by
this plant, and an established specimen is

better left to its own devices, even when
the soil has become. impoverished, for the
aerial roots will give it sustenance and
maintain 11 in good health. The flower
possesses a pleasing, if faint. perfume. Ralph
E. Arnold.
SOLANUM CAPSICASTRUM.

IN Gard. Chron., January 10. p. 27. Mr.
S. B. Dicks. referred to the value of the
Capsicum, or Pepper Plant as a table

vegetable, and he also gave a list of sorts
which would make good plants for growing
111 pots for decorative purposes. There are

few plants more useful or interesting for
their bright berries than a collection of
well-grown and well - fruited Capsiciuns:
they are invaluable for the conservatory.
greenhouse, and house decoration during the
winter, and the uses to which they may
be put are many and varied. Being of a
free and hardy nature they are not easily

injured by long exposure in draughty rooms
or corridors as are many tender plants at

this season. They may be had in perfection
about Christmas and the New Year, which

JANUARY 24, 192

makes them invaluable for various decorati;

purposes at that timc.
Their culture is quite casy and simp.

The required stock may be raised fron

seeds sown in February or March in gent)

warmth, and when strong enough the sern.
lings may be potted singly in two-and-a-hal’
Inch pots. When established the points «
the leading shoots should be pinched off r
promote a bushy habit. and the pinching show
be repeated once or twice during the cary

summer. Repot the plants as required, the
final shift to be in 48. 40, or 32-»ሀ!

receptacles. according to. the strength of tk
individual specimen. When estabished the si

lings may be placed out-of-doors in በ sums
position, plunged in ashes, from the end ot

They shoul
house n
Maintained

May until the end of August.
then be placed in a light, airy
frame where the temperature is
at from 45 to 55 during the winter.

Care 15 necessary in watering the
especially in damp, dull weather. If the
plants are infested with green fiy or other
msects the house should be fumigated
hghtlv: a strong fumigant ላና(›11]([. cause the
foliage to drop.

Propagation may effected: by
means of cuttings made of the young shoot
They should be inserted in pots filled with
sandy soil, and placed. in a warm frame w

roots,

also he

hand light with bottom heat. Propagation
by cuttings is to be recommended iť only
for the purpose of perpetuating a good

strain, Essential points in a desirable strai
are. robust growth and profusion of blossoms.

followed by a good crop of large. bright
berries.
The Solanum is not nt all particular as

to compost. but one that is fairly light. rich.
and open suits the plants best. Specimens
do well planted out, as they grow robustly

and are. Jess liable to. attacks by insects
than those in pots. By this method they
are started in carly spring in a genial

temperature, and after. duly hardening them
they should be transferred to a rich plot
of ground in the open. where they may
remain until the autumn. At the approach
of cold weather they should be placed
indoors: if the soil is at all dry a liberal
watering should be given two or three days

before the plants are to be lifted, as then
a good ball of soil will be retained around
the roots,

Before commencing to pot the plants see
that the receptacles are clean and dry, and

drained efficiently. As regards. the size of
pots, the grower must. be guided by the

size and plants, but on no
large or the

have

vigour of the
account should they be too
soil will become sour before fresh roots
developed.

Water should be applied sparingly for the
first few weeks after potting, but muintain
healthy, — growing — conditions until the
plants are re-established, shading and syringinz
them to keep them from flagging. ላ suitable
position for the plants for a week or two
after they are potted is a shady part of
the greenhouse. or in a frame or pit. The
tops of the shoots should be cut away m
the point where the last berry is formed
This will divert the whole energy of the
plant to the development of the berries that
are. already. formed, as it is useless to expect
later ones to come to perfection. When the
plants are well established. place them im A
sunny part of the glasshouse, or, should
they be required early in. winter, they must
be grown in a somewhat warmer temperature

for a few weeks, but on no aecount should
hard forcing be resorted to. otherwise the

berries will drop prematurely.
The following sorts offer ጸ good selection

for pot culture :—-Large-fruited kinds: Mam-
moth Red, Scarlet Beauty, Chinese Early
Dwarf Red. Long Red, and Long Yellow.

The smaller-fruiting kinds include Little Gem.
Yellow Cherry, and Cayenne Red.
A good plan is to purchase the seeds from

a reliable scedsman. and when the plants
are in fruit select the hest-habited and

——— ——— —

— TawvAmy 24. 1926: > THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE. = vii.

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JANUARY 24, 1925.

THE GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE. 61

finest fruiting plants of robust growth. Save
seeds from those selected, and also propagate
them from cuttings.

Very few berried plants make a more
interesting display during the winter than
these Solanums. Keep them free from insect
pests; they are liable to be infested with
black and green aphis, red spider, and thrips.
John Heal, V.M.H.

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

Year Books.

ANNUAL publications in the form of year
books and directories, especially ,when pre-
pared to be of service in a particular
business, are among the handiest books of
reference, provided their compilation has been
carried out with care and foresight. Two
such year books have reached us, and onc
entitled, The Fruit-Grower Directory and Hand-
book,* is a big one, running into nearly five
hundred pages of text, the first hundred
pages containing useful articles and general

information likely to be of service to the
fruit grower and market gardener. The
remainder of the work is devoted to a

list of names and addresses of those engaged
in commercial horticulture, including fruit
growers, market gardeners, salesmen, nursery-
men, sundriesmen, fruit importers, and the
like. The alphabetical list is followed by a
classified section grouped under many head-
ings, such as buyers and dealers, growers of

flowers, fruit growers, seedsmen, etc.; there
is also a section devoted to colonial
growers, exporters, and others. Altogether

this publication should prove of great value
to the busy business man.

The other book is entitled The Fruit,
Flower, 'and Vegetable Trades’ Year Book and
Diary, 1925,” and its differs from the pre-
ceding in that the major portion is devoted
to & diary, the pages being set out for the
six working days of the week and inter-
leaved with blotting paper. There is also
a mass of interesting information of a type
which should make the publication a valuable
desk companion to those engaged in the
fruit, flower, and vegetable trades.

My Garden Book.

‘THE qualifications required by a writer of
a gardening book planned to deal with
every aspect and phase of horticulture are
many. He has to combine the functions
of botanist and plant pathologist, and
possess a wide knowledge of plant cultiva-
tion, and even then, with this storehouse
of information, he must so blend his material
that what is written is readily assimilated
by the reader.

Mr. J. Weathers, the author of the book
before ust has a wide acquaintance with
gardening, having had, as we are informed in
the preface, “Over forty years of daily
experience in practical, scientific, commercial
and journalistic horticulture”; the book is
the outcome of this experience, and in
matter and scope, we believe it to be one
of the most comprehensive that has ever
been written. Those who know a former
work by this author—. Practical Guide to
Garden Plants, a volume which to many
has been and is still a standard work of
reference, but now, unfortunately, out of
print—will readily understand the pains
required to produce a volume of that type,
and the new work is prepared with equal
care. In many respects My Garden Book

* The Fruit Grower Directory ani Handbook, 1925.
Benn Bros., Ltd., 8, Bouverie Street, E.C. Price 10s. net.

ተ The Fruit, Flower, and Vegetable Trades’ Year Book
and Diary, 1925. The Lockwood Press, 1, Mitre Court,
Fleet Street, E.C. Price 2s. net.

፥ My Garden Book. By John Weathers. Pp. 774,
with twenty-four coloured plates and illustrations in
black and white. Longmans, Green and Co, 39,
Paternoster Row, E.C. 4. Price, 36- net.

has been written on much the same lines
as the older book; in fact, the typescript
in many instances is the same, except that
addition or substraction of matter has been
made to bring the information more
up-to-date. The arrangement is planned
differently, yet all those who are fortunate
to have the older book at hand need not,
we think, trouble to buy the one now
under review, for the likeness ijs so
pronounced that the author and publisher
would have been well advised to have
retained the title of the older work and
have brought out the new book as a
revised edition. The title, My Garden Book,
conveys little meaning as to the nature of
its contents, and it is because of this
change of names and the fact that A
Practical Guide to Garden Plants was a
recognised standard work that we doubt
if the volume will receive the reception it
deserves.

It is difficult to do full justice to a book
of this description. It is divided into six
parts, by far the largest being the one
devoted to the hardy flower garden, which
runs into three hundred and twenty-one
pages of double-column text, and treats
of annuals, biennials, perennials, bulbs,
Roses, trees and shrubs, and a host of
other subjects. There is also a part which
relates to * Garden and Garden-making,"
under which heading the science of plants
and soils 15 included. Other sections deal
with glasshouse gardening, the fruit garden,
and the vegetable garden. Altogether there
are seven hundred and forty-four pages of
double-column text, including an - index.
The illustrations, line and photographic,

number no fewer than three hundred and
ninety-two. There are also two-dozen
full-page coloured plates, which are poor

and, indeed, seem out of place in a work
of this nature. Nevertheless, My Garden
Book will prove a very desirable companion
where a book of reference is required, for
the information is to be relied upon, and
the ground which it covers is wide. To a
plant lover who is his own craftsman it
will be as useful as to those who depend
upon gardening for their livelihood.

CULTURAL MEMORANDA.

EARLY TOMATOS.

EARLY in the new year is a suitable
time for sowing Tomato seeds for an early

crop, where Tomatos are required in
quantity from the beginning of June
onwards. Plants retained from the previous

year, &nd grown in comfortable quarters during
the whole of the winter and spring and
well into the following summer, have not
the same vigour as those raised from seeds
early in the year, and very often fail when
Tomatos are most needed, viz., when hot
weather sets in, while plants that com-
mence ripening fruits early in June will
produce an abundant crop over several
succeeding months.

The temperature of a Cucumber house is
needed, and from the time the seedlings
show through the surface of the soil they
should be grown in a light position near
the roof.glass. So soon as the rough leaves
have formed, pot the seedlings, taking care
that the pots and soil used are thoroughly
warmed to the temperature of the house
in which the plants are growing. Small
thumb pots are the best for the first
potting, and the plants should be watered,
but not too copiously, for at this stage
they are very prone to damping off.
So soon as the roots reach the sides
of the pots a shift is necessary into
receptacles two or three sizes larger, but
at this early season it is not well to place
them in receptacles which take up much
room. At this potting the young plants
should be supported with small sticks, and

if a bed with bottom heat is available.
such as where Cucumbers are to be planted.
this would be an excellent position for a
week or two, by which time abundance of
heat may be had in positions that would
not have been favourable earlier. |

If the position in which the plants are
to be fruited is not ready for their recep-
tion, and the plants have filled their pots
with roots, they should again be shifted
into others of a larger size.

Tomatos should be planted, say, as soon
after the beginning of March as possible,
and they should be permanently staked
from the commencement. My method is to
put the stakes in position before planting
out, and to make & hole near the side of the
stake for the reception of the plant, and
support it at once with a tie or two of
raffia.

Good fibrous loam mixed with a little
leaf-mould or well.decayed manure, and
sufficient sand to render the compost open
and porous, provides a suitable medium for
the potting of the young plants. The
secret is to start with dwarf, sturdy specimens
and to grow them strongly afterwards.
They should be exposed fully to the light,

and a little air admitted during bright
weather. Provide a firm, retentive soil, and
apply water carefully until the fruits are

set, using fire heat with moderation. If
the atmosphere be kept moderately dry
the plants will make firm growth and the
fruits set freely. Allowing the plants to
become so dry at their roots as to cause
them to flag during the time they are in
flower cannot be too strongly condemned.

There are many good sorts of Tomatos,
including Sunrise, Duke of York, Best of
All, Perfection, and Kondine Red. James .1.
Paice.

PUBLIC PARKS AND GARDENS.

Mr. Hore JouNsTONE. 0 Annandale,
having presented a field to the Moffat
Town Council for a public park, has, at

the request of the Council, agreed that it

should be called the ** Hope-Johnstone
Park.” At a recent meeting the Town
Council decided to consult an expert

gardener regarding laying-out the park.

AT a recent meeting of the Town Council
of Paisley it was reported that the yachting
pond formed in the Parshaw Park, con-
structed largely for the purpose of providing
employment, had cost £3,063. The grant
from the Unemployment Grants Committee
was £1,500, which left a balance of £1,563.
This has been paid by Mr. Will Bow, a
Paisley gentleman, who has already made
generous gifts to the burgh, so that there
will be no cost to the ratepayers for this
valuable addition to the attractions of the
Parshaw Park.

— — —

THE ‘Town Clerk of Bury has been
authorised to make application to the
Ministry of Health for ‘sanction to borrow
£3,850, the estimated cost of the lay-out of
land at Clarence Recreation Ground.

Harp Tennis courts are to ከ6
in St. Ann’s Well Gardens, Hove.

provided

Tur sanction of the Ministry of Health
has been received for the borrowing of
£3,025 for the purchase of land on Anlaby
Road for park purposes.

THE Corporation of Liverpool has applied
for sanction to borrow £145,000 for the
purchase of 452 acres of land for the
provision of a municipal golf course, more
playgrounds for the children, and allotments

GOVERNMENT BOTANIC GARDENS. *

(Continued from page 39.)

THESE changes in the scope of plant-study
have affected workers in botanic gardens as
greatly as they have affected those whose
investigations are conducted in the field, the
cabinet, or the laboratory. 18 spite of this
it sometimes appears, to those unfamiliar
with what botanic gardens do, that there
has been less modification in botanic garden
methods than in laboratory * or cabinet-
practice. Appearances are at times mis-
leading; the misapprehension in this case is

one of the consequences of incomplete
observation. Workers in a botanie garden
are subjeet to influences that hardly affect

those privileged to labour in the field. the
cabinet, or the laboratory. The field-botanist
is. free to confine his attention to the
philosophy of plant distribution or to that
of plant-association, as he may decide. The
cabinet-worker may devote his energies to
the study of the characters, or the qualities,
or both. of a single natural group of living
organisms: the laboratory student may
concentrate his attention on the solution
of definite morphological or physiological
problems. But the garden-worker who deals
with taxonomie problems has to use them
as means to practical ends. The botanic
garden-worker realises that the somewhat arro-
gant nineteenth century distinction between

e scientific” and “systematic ^. botany is
only a rather ungracious variant በሸ the

more refined eighteenth century objection. to
* hbotany 7 - [ከሁ science of * knowing plants |
occupation which “amuses the
faney and exercises the memory without
improving the mind or adding to renl
knowledge." The botanie garden-worker is
aware that when., in the. field or the

as uti

cabinet, "system ' is treated as an end in
itself. this objection may be valid But

the botanie garden-worker, being a “ phyto-

logist ©“ as well as a * botanist,” knows
that without system it is not possible to
earry out that part of ከሎ duty whieh

involves tbe making of natura! knowledge
available to industry and commerce.
Towards the results of Jaboratory-research
the attitude of the botanie garden resembles
that maintained towards eabinet-study.
When applying the physiological knowledge
pained by the laboratory worker, whether
ii relation to health or disease, and whether

on the nutritive or the reproductive side,
the worker in a botanic garden remains
interested in the morphological bearings of
his investigation, and makes himself as

conversant with the characters and qualities
of the plants employed as if he were an
herbarium or a museum --student.

To this freedom to concentrate attention
on particular problems or particular aspects
of problems, the success of work in the

laboratory, the cabinet and the field 18
often due. But if the necessity to retain
old as well as to. adopt and apply new
methods. which work in a botanic garden
involves, may at times seem to possess
certain extrinsie drawbacks, it has also

some intrinsic advantages. Lt permits, among

other things, a continuity of interest and
effort that need not be limited to the
lifetime of the individual worker. and need

not disappear with the dominance of a
particular. phase of botanical thought.

One influence to which this continuity is
to some extent due, 18 that exercised on
botany by gardencraft, whose aid is essential

to the management of a botanic garden.
It is this feature which explains the idea
that a botanie garden must serve the

* 11 Sir George Birdwood Memorial Lecture, delivered
before the Royal Society oU Arts (Indian Section), on
Friday. January 9, 1925, by [4 -('በ] Sir David Prain,
CALG CILE, LED. Flos, F.R.S, late. Director ol
‘the Royal Botanie Gardens, Kew.

THE

GARDENERS

purposes of horticulture. Yet it is this
feature which enables us, on further thought,
to realise that this idea. so often enter.
tained, must be the converse of reality.
There is, no doubt, in any botanic garden
an intimate alliance. between botany and

gardencraft. But a botanie garden is not.
on that account, an institution in which

botany professes to demonstrate how plants
should be grown: it is a place where
gardencraft assists botany to increase natural
knowledge.

The tendency to confuse a botanic garden
with a publie park is more intimately con-
nected with our modern and popular coneep-
tion of a "garden." We are apt to forget
that this term, shorn of accidental associations,
means no more than an enclosure which
shelters cultivated plants. We are tempted
to think of a "garden " as did that great
Lord Chancellor who remarked with truth,
three hundred years ago. that “to garden
finely" was a perfection * reserved. for ages
grown to civility. and elegancie.” 'The
"garden" Bacon had in mind is an enclosure
which, while affording protection to the
plants contained, promises its owner and
his friends intellectual pleasure and artistic
satisfaction. So remote 15 this conception
from the original one. yet so widely does
it prevail, that when national needs, begotten
of war conditions. called for a reversion to
primitive practice, a new name had to be
found for an old thing. The “allotment.”
which reiterates the uncivil and inelegant
precept that man must የክ! his bread in the
sweat of his face., reminds us
original purpose of the “garden-elose © was
severely economic; that 11 was meant to
provide for man's bodily welfare, without
making any offer of mental refreshment or
any appeal to anesthetic feeling. Those familiar
with tropical conditions recognise in the
“allotment” a return, dictated by necessity,
to that undifferentiated husbandry characteristic
of hot countries with a maritime or a mon-
soon climate, where the plough has not yet
supplanted the hoe.

In one respect the “allotment,” though
possibly more perfect. is perhaps less com-
plete than the tiled enelosure in which
no distinetion can be drawn between the
“field and the ” yards The primitive
enelosure served a double purpose: it
ministered to the sound by providing much
of what the husbandman could cat and
some portion of what he might wear: it
tried tọ serve the sick by supplying what
it was thought could mitigate pain, and
what. it was hoped. might cure disease.
The disappearance of domestic remedies from
modern enclosures is not. however, a direct
result of the prehistorie speealisation which
led to the evolution of the * medicine-man,”’

who found his prestige enhanced when he
could supplement and in time replace the
familiar "simples" of his tribe by drugs

collected afield and in secret, under favourable
planetary conjunctions and during suitable
phases of the moon. Our neglect of these
plants 14 perhaps more immediately traceable
to that modification of outlook which led
many of the northern races of Europe to
regard with some suspicion matters in any
way connected with the Church of Rome.
The Latins, whose interests were largely
economic, and whose curiosity did not
always extend beyond the practical, elassi-
fied the plants they cultivated or put to
economic use in accordance with their
qualities. This grouping was accepted by
renaissance students, and among the groups
thus recognised, those that chiefly concern
us now were the ~ eseulent," the “medicinal,”
the c coronary.” the “aromatic.” The group
of medicinal plants © included the sources
of medieval domestic remedies plants rarely

grown in modern northern eardens. They
were, perhaps, hardly imore fariliar m
classical gardens than 11 ours; Though
medicinal plants are diseussed by authors
dke Dioscorides and Pliny, the exploitation

CHRONICLE.

that the-

January ?4, 192.

of the drugs they yielded was

( | largely left,
in classical days,

to specialists who were

often accused of witchcraft and sometimes
suspected of murder. In this connection
the advent of a Levantine faith. whose

influence grew as that of classical “ civility
and elegancie” decayed. did rather more
than banish dark beliefs which — cultured
paganism was content to entertain. lf the
laity in the middle ages showed a dis.
position to abide by this pagan habit, the
early church set its face against it and
reverted to the practice of growing homely
remedies. The original undifferentiated “ tilled
enclosure ` had harboured, along with the
rudiments of horticulture and of agriculture.
also the germ of medicine. and thereby
inspired the formation of the **herbularies `
that. in the oldest of monastic estab-
lishments,. found a place alongside the plots

in which the brethren grew their legumes
and their fruits. By a simple and easy
transition the monastic ‘“herbulary ° de-

voloped into the ‘physic garden "^ charac-
teristic of the medical schools attached
to the Universities that sprang up 80

freely after the fall of Byzantium and the
consequent revival of learning in Western
Europe.

(To be continued.)

COB-NUTS AND FILBERTS.

Or the two dozen or so known varieties of
Cob-nuts and Filberts, the grower can limit
his choice to half-a-dozen sorts: in fact.
about four varieties may prove as profitable

as the many.
Having had an experience. in. my early
career. with about fourteen varieties of nuts,

1 should in future restrict my efforts to the
following four sorts :--Kentish Cob (syn.
Lambert Filbert). Pearson's Prolifie, Cosford.
and Kentish Filbert.

Kentish Cob has a husk nearly smooth and
longer than the nut. The nut is over an
inch long and. nearly an inch wide. oblong.
and slightly compressed. Large quantities of
Cob Nuts are. grown for market. and = some
seasons the nut plantations are very profit-
able, although on the whole the growing of
nuts is very speculative. Hogg states that
this is probably the best of all the nuts of
the Cob-nut and Filbert type and = may be
kept for so long as four years. The tree is
a prolifie bearer, when grown near Pearsons
Prolifie, this latter variety being productive
of a large crop of catkins.

Cosford excellent
bearer. The husk is hairy,
deeply cut. The Nut ከኮ.
inclining to oblong, with thin
with darker brown. The
and of a rich, flavour.

Kentish Filbert is a variety of groal
antiquity, and most productive when planted

is an Nut

a great

finely and
large. ovate.
shell striated

kernel is large

and

with a catkin-bearer, say, one to six or
nine trees, as one male bush will fertilise
the remainder when intermixed in the rows.
The nut is long and pointed; the kernel
very rich and sweet. This Nut has been
grown in Kent for a long period, never
theless its cultivation still continues.

Pearson's Prolific is a
its usefulness as
its abundant

variety noted for
a pollinator as well as for
crops. The husk is hairy and

shorter than the nut. which is of medium
size. obtusely ovate or round. The shell is
rather thick. The kernel. is full and of
good flavour. Young trees erop carly and

abundantly, even small bushes not exeeeding
three feet in height. are. sometimes laden with
nuts. This variety does well in almost any
situation without much attention: therefore.
it is useful for planting in odd comers and
out-of-the-way places. Pomona.

JanvaRy 24. 1925.

VEGETABLE GARDEN.

HERBS.
(Continucd from page 44.)
Caraway is too well known to need
describing. but | wonder what number

of gardeners would recognise the plant grow-
ing. [t is more frequently employed iun this
country than Coriander, and both are very
much more used on the Continent than
here. [n Germany. in particular, there is
hardly a dish either savoury or sweet.
that one or both do not enter into it. and
the delicate flavour which the Caraway seed
imparts to the famous German liqueur
"Kümrmel" is well known by travellers on
the Continent: further, without Caraway,
there could hardly be © Sauerkraut.”

Anise flowers and goes to seed
and is well known because one
much of Aniseed, as it 18 called,
physic and drag.hunts. Our nine most
useful perennial herbs are: Mint, Sage,
Common Thyme, Lemon Thyme, Winter
Savoury. Pot Marjoram, Tarragon, Fennel
and Sorrel. Besides these there are two
others we should include in the herb
garden, viz, Sweet Cicely and Alecost :
although both have practically fallen out
of use in our time they are well worth
growing. Mint, or rather the Mints, for
there are no fewer than ten distinet
varieties, are amongst the most important
of perennial herbs. If asked to enumerate
them I should give: Spearmint- -Mentha
viridis; Cornmint—M. arvensis; Horsemint
M. sylvestris; Round-leafed Mint- M. rotundi-
folia: Lemonmint -M. citrata; — Curly-leafed
Mint--M. erispus; Peppermint- M. piperita;
Watermint-- M. aquatica ; Pennyroyal M.
Pulegium and Catmint-- Nepeta Mussinii : all
of which are useful but all are not suitable
for the table. Spearmint is grown as a
matter of course in every garden. It is

rapidly
hears so
both in

too well known to need description, but 1
wonder if it is realised how wholesome it
is when taken as a condiment with roast
lamb. “With bitter Rerbs shalt thou cat
41 a8 a very old edict, and when we ‘eat
this homely herb what a link it is with
the long, long past.

Cornmint is said to have the power of
preventing milk from curdling, and this

anti-eurdling property of Mint may be the
secret of its success in medicine. Mints
are largely used in the prescriptions of

moder doctors, Peppermint for grown-ups
and Spearmint, being milder, for children.
Peppermint is onc of the most popular
herbs in the garden and probably also one
of the most useful. Tf people only knew
how good the fresh green leaves are when

bruised and laid upon the aching part to
cure nervous headache, the plant would be

liked even better than it is. |t is also
responsible. for that comparatively modern
comfort, Menthol.

Watermint, the commonest
Mints, is often spoken of as
mint, and it. has much the
properties. It 1:

of our English

Wild Pepper-
same smell and
remarkable that such
water-loving plants as Mints should be
aromatic for. as a rule, aromatic plants
belong to hot, dry places.

Pennyroyal grows quite differently from
the other Mints. It ereeps about close. to
the ground and in hot countries is thought
to ከር a proteetion from mosquitoes. In
Mlizabethan days the herb was thought
worthy of a place m the posies that were
siven and accepted by true lovers. Cat-
mint is very different to the other Mints
and besides being a pot-herb is a very
valuable decorative plant. Unlike most of
the otber Mints also. Catmint does not

demand moisture: 11 will grow on heaths
and uplinds, and make itself quite happy
in the roek-garden.

Nage will grow anywhere and is one of
the few herbs that still belong to modern

THE

GARDENERS

everyday life. “How can a man die who
has Sage in his garden" is an Arabian
proverb. :*He that would live for aye must
eat of Sage in May“ is an English. one.
They show how the herb has been valued
East and West. The Chinese cannot under-
stand why Europeans like their Tea-leaves
better than home-grown Nage leaves for
brewing, and time was whea exchanges
were made between the Dutech and Chinese

- four pounds of Tea for one pound of Sage.
Meadow or Wild seldom seen in
gardens now-a-days, 18 known abont the
countryside as Clary or Clear-eyes, and at
one time was as much valued as the garden
kind.

The Thymes include. the fragrant Lemon
Thyme: Common Thyme that grows on
heath and down, making the softest carpet ;

Nave,

the lovely dwarf mountain Thyme. that
creeps over stone, and the golden and
silver Thymes. Their culture is very easy;

cuttings strike readily if inserted im August,
and seeds germinate and soon make sturdy
plants if sown in the spring.

Winter Savoury will also grow from
cuttings or seeds, and in soil that suits it
soon makes n good-sized shrub. 1 very

rich soils 11 sometimes grows too freely and
succumbs to the severity of our winters.
Pot Marjoram is a lovely plant which, if
seen in the mass, is not easily forgotten.
It spreads rapidly. and besides being worthy
of a place in the herb garden. is excellent

for growing in a bonmler in the kitchen
garden.

Tarragon is another herb thet loves
warmth and sunshine and is absolutely

essential for that kitchen necessity, Vinaigre
4 Estragon. Jf the cook is m the habit. of

paving visits to the herb garden. however,
it 18 wise to caution her that the taste is
strong and peculiar, and if a chance. leaf
finds its way into the bunch of sweet
herbs used for soup. great consternation
will result at the dinner table.

Fennel was at one time in great. demand
for the making of Fennel sauce. Few herb

gardens include it. and it is seldom seen in
the kitchen garden, vet in the tine of
Kadward 1. it was consumed by nearly
every household. . ]

Sorrel 15 so much of a vegetable in
appearance that one wonders why it should
be reckoned as a herb and relegated to the
herb garden. ‘Phe large French Sorrel is the

best for eating. as it is less acid than the
common variety. When Apples are not
available for Apple sauce, Sorrel leaves are

a good substitute.
Sweet Cicely is a herb. of the past. yet
it Is surprising to learn that its leaves
were at one time liked in salads. The
flavour is strongly paregoric. and the same

scent is very pronounced if the leaf 18
crushed.
Alecost is another herb that is seldom

seen or heard of in these days. It greatly
resembles Mint in smell and taste, although
it is not in the least related to. it.
Wormwood, Rue, Camomile, Horehound and
Tansy are bitter herbs indeed, but no herb
garden would be complete without them.
Wormwood is, with the exception of Rue,
the bitterest herb known, but everyone
must look on it with interest if only because

of its responsibility for the world famous
absinthe. In. France, whole fields of it are

grown for no other object than the making

of this cordial. The plant is not really
poisonous, but very wholesome and makes
splendid bitters.

Hue is a herb with beautiful. soft,
bluish-green foliage. Cattle owners — and

poultry keepers are well aware of its value
as a homely physie.. and many of our
country folk still use it as a medicine.
Camomile has quite a different character,
11: value being dn its flowers. Tt is extra-
ordinary that nowadays Camomile should be
so little valued. On the Continent nearly
every household. has its tin of dried
Camomile flower-heads, and Camomile tea

CHRONICLE. 63

sweetened with commonest
remedy for colds.

Horehound is bitter, with quite a different
bitterness, and in many country places
Horehound beer is brewed and drunk.
Svrup of Horchound is also good for coughs
and colds.

Tansy, perhaps the
bitter herbs, is still bitter enough. 11
yields a valuable oil which might be used
much more commonly than it 18. It 18
somewhat of a vagrant and needs watching
in the herb garden or it will soon appro-
priate space which is meant for other
plants.

Bulbous plants that are admitted to the
herb garden are not numerous. They include
Chives, Allium Schaenoprasum ; Squills,
Urginea maritima; the true Saffron, Crocus
vernus; and the Meadow Saffron, Colchicum
autumnale. It is only the green, spiky
leaves oof Chives that are used, and their
great delicacy of flavour makes them in-
valuable in cookery.

honey is the

least bitter of the

Squills, that charming wild flower that
is sometimes, though seldom, found wild

is well worth a place in the herb garden.
It is appreciated for its lovely blue blossoms,
but it must also be remembered that it
has a use as a physic.

The true Saffron may be allowed a place
in. the modern herb garden merely on
sufferance, but the old herbalists held it in
the highest esteem.

The Meadow — Saffron.
really this is a misnomer, ijs a native
plant that needs sandy soil and perfect
drainage. The bulb provides the well-known
and powerful medicine ealled colehicum,
which as a physic for gout and rheumatism

so-called. though

has long been used in England and
France.
Tt is (1|!]ህቨ]! to see how a distinct. line

ean be drawn between herbs and other plants.

because so many beautiful plants are
sweet-scented, and also good for meat and
medicine, but we should endeavour to
make the herb garden beautiful and
attractive as well as a utility garden.
Therefore, L should like to suggest half-a-
dozen plants that are essentially border

plants and, because of their brilliant colours,
very attractive. They are Valerian Vale.
riana officinalis: Hyssop -- Hyssopus officinalis
Mallow. Althaca officinalis: Chicory -Cicho-
rium Intybus: Bergamot--Monarda didyma
Swect Woodruff —Asperula odorata, and the
little annual blue Woodruff.

Valerian is well known as a
decorative plant, and is attractive `
where, but probably few realise that it is
also of great value in allaving pain and
promoting sleep. It is also strongly nervine
without any narcotic effect.

Hyssop is a handsome evergreen shrub,
and along with Catmint, already mentioned.
makes a charming study in soft, indistinet

highly
every-

blues. In olden days it appears to have
been used for broths and decoctions. but |]
have never been asked for it as a berb.

Mallows are as useful as they are prettv.
and their leaves and sap are full of virtue.
It is one of the ingredients for the
homely Tisane de quatre fleurs. so beloved
by our French confréres, and makes one of
the pleasantest remedies for colds. W. Auton.

(To be concluded),

PEA BEDFORD CHAMPION.
] RECOMMEND growers to
variety Bedford Champion in the list of
Peas they cultivate this season. After
exhaustive. trials with other standard carly
varieties, I consider Bedford Champion one
of the best sorts and one that will give
great satisfaction to market growers as well
as to the private gardener. —
The qualities of this fine Pea
robust constitution capable of
mildew and prolifie cropping. The large
pods are well filled with nine to eleven
peas oof very rich flavour. 4. WW. Pullin
Turvey House Gardens, Bedford.

include the

Include a
resisting

E.

,

Perpetual-flowering Carnations.—I am obliged
to Mr. A. T. Harrison for his generous
comments (Gard. Chron., January 3) on my
article on perpetual-flowering Carnations
which appeared in your issue of December 13,
1924, and I quite agree with his observations
regarding the variety Britannia. This has
the best habit of any variety I know. and
a batch of plants always delight the eye,
but the blooms are disappointing in size,
although very freely produced. The varieties
Edward Allwood and Lord Lambourne are
far superior in size, and the former perfect
in shape, very free, but rather a thin
grower. However, it stands up well and is
not & weak grower; its flowers also come
a good colour in winter. I should like
other growers’ opinions on Peerless. [t has
flowers of fine colour and is a good
grower, but nearly every calyx splits in
winter, and the blooms come one-sided.
R. F. Felton is hard to beat for a private
garden, being a strong, healthy grower and
needs little support. No doubt some
stocks of certain varieties are superior to
others, and nothing is gained by propagating
from a poor plant. R. Gardner, Heywood
Gardens, Cobham.

Onion Cranston’s Excelsior v. Ailsa Craig.
Like your correspondent Mr. A. T. Harrison,
I should be glad if some one who worked
in the gardens at Culzean Castle under the
late Mr. David Murray at the time he first
introduced Ailsa Craig Onion would give his
opinion of this famous Onion: the origin of
which has been challenged by your con-
tributor, Pomona. The first time I saw the
late Mr. Murray exhibit was at the Edin-
burgh Autumn show, held in the Waverley
Market, exactly thirty-three years ago. I
remember the exhibit caused quite a
sensation at the time, and the like had
never been seen before. Your correspondent,
Pomona, states that this Onion was first intro-
duced into this country some twenty-five years
ago, and goes on to remark it was grown
at Ailsa Craig. I lived many years ago
almost within sight of this famous rock,
Ailsa Craig, and if my memory serves me
rightly, it is inhabited only by wildfowl,
and stands at a great height some miles
out in the sea. No doubt when the late
Mr. David Murray decided to. choose the
name Ailsa Craig, he had in his mind the
towering globular shape of the rock, which
1. consider is an excellent name for this
very popular Onion. J. A. Kirkwood, Sutton
Place Gardens, Guildford.

The late Mr. D. Melville.--The following
particulars in the late Mr. D. Melville's
own handwriting are of interest as showing
the different places in which he served
(see p. 16) and the dates on which he
entered and left these particular establish-
ments:—Mountgrahame, entered November,

1859, left November, 1862; Cambo, entered
November, 1862, left November. 1866 ;
Trentham, entered November. 1865, left

November, 1867; Bellegrove, entered, Novem-
ber, 1867, left February, 1869; Paris, Jardin
de la Ville, entered March, 1869, left August.
1869; London, James Veitch and Sons,
entered August. 1869; Oteley Park, entered

March, 1870, left August, 1873; Dunrobin,
entered September, 1873. R. M.
Sowing X Mistleto. — Your correspondent.

Pomona, on page 435 (Vol. LXXVI) suggests
a method of sowing Mistleto which is both
unnecessary and fraught with danger to the
tree. A much simpler plan, and equally as
successful, is to proceed as follows :—First
thoroughly sponge the underside of a bough
of an Apple tree so as to remove all Moss
or other growth for an area of two or
three square inches. Then take a berry of
the Mistleto and burst it by pressure upon
the surface of the cleansed bark; the
mucilaginous material will gum the seeds
quite readily. There is no need to break

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

the bark lin any way; the germination, of
the seeds and the entry of their ‘roots `
like two probosci—into the bark is highly
interesting. Harry Williams, Redruth.

Do Bees Pollinate Apple Blossom. —Your
correspondent (Vol. LXXVI. 'p. 424) affirms
that his friend, who is also a grower. stated
definitely that bees do not
Apple blossoms, although they pay good
attention to his Plums, Peaches, cete. T do
not doubt his statement in the slightest.
but my own experience is quite the contrary.
In 1920 bees were introduced to plantations
of fruit of whieh I had charge. solely for
the benefit of Plums which were growing
in soil overlying & cold. clayey subsoil, and
consequently making gross wood at the
expense of fruit buds. It was thought that
the bees would pollinate the Plum blossom
(not my own opinion by the way) and
instead of the blossoms failing to set would
produce a crop of Plums and assist the
trees to find their equilibrium. The result
was interesting The bees worked amongst
the Peaches, Cherries, Apples. and small
fruits, which all bore excellent crops. but
never even a wayfaring bee could be found
on the Plum blossom. As many as twenty.
two hives were introduced, so an ample
population of bees was available for a-hunt
ing for supplies of nectar. This) made me
form an opinion, which. as a lover of bees,
I should like to have confirmed or von-
tradicted by old and experienced bee-keepers.
that is. that where fruit trees of any
description are growing in unsuitable soil
or under adverse conditions generally, the
perfect flower containing the pollen necessary
for fertilising is not produced, nor are such
flowers sufficient to attract the bees to gather
from them for comb-building or feeding pur.
poses. If this is true, then bees are of no assis-
tance to the fruit-grower as a fertilising agency.
as their efforts on trees in happy circum-
stances would only necessitate needless labour
and expense in thinning to produce first.class
produce. In some cases bees will leave
entirely alone trees which they have previously
" worked," after the use of obnoxious-smelling
winter sprays. and maybe this is why the
reverend gentleman has never seen bees
amongst his Apples. H. Crowe, Dingley Hall
Gardens, Market Harborough, Leicestershire.

The Orchid Club.—4As your kindly references
to the Orchid Club (pp. 1 and 6) may
engender some misapprehension of the real
constitution and significance of this associa-
tion, I beg your courtesy for the following
résumé. It is not a Manchester Society; it
is an association of amateurs, already some

thirty in number, scattered throughout an
area ranging from Northumberland to
Gloucestershire and to Kent. The idea of

associution of amateurs interested
in Orchid culture is not of recent origin,
but it has been tentatively discussed for
some years, and at one time it was hoped
that the idea might germinate in London,
but practical difficulties proved discouraging,
ang eventually it was decided that the
association should see the light of day in
the North, and Manchester was chosen as
its birthplace. because Manchester is a centre
about which amateur Orchid growers are
more numerous than about any other. and
because there 18 in the University of
Manchester a botanical school of great
scientifie eminence and practical utilitv from

such an

which help and encouragement were readily
forthcoming. The objects for which the
Club was founded are. briefly. to promote

good fellowship among amateurs by enabling
them to meet and become acquainted on
common ground; and to promote the investiga.
tion of the many interesting problema of
cultivation, hybridisation, and germination,
as wel as the systematic study of the
various genera. In this latter object the
Club has been fortunate in enlisting the
sympathetic and practical co-operation of
the most eminent scientists in the country.
I may add that various problems are already

“work’’ ከ157

JANUARY 24. 1925.

under investigation. and that the late Dr.
Hartley, whose untimely death is an irreparable
loss, had worked out many points in cultiva-

tion and had carried them to a successful
practical issue, as he demonstrated at
a very memorable meeting of the Club in

our first session. The Orchid Club is thus
supplementary to those pre-existing societies
which are all.sufficient for some, but which do
not suffice all of us. The members of the
Orchid Club appreciate your kind Editoria
wishes. and they realise that the prosperity
of the Club will be measured by the extent
to which a genuine and inquiring enthusiasm
for Orchid culture can be created. There
are already indications that the objects oi
the Orchid Club are making an appeal in
other centres than this, and that offsets
will eventually mature. and even in London
hope has not been wholly abandoned. Bertram
J. Beckton, Hon. Nec., Daisy Bank, Irlam-«-
th’-Heights, Manchester.

[Mr. Beckton has taken our reference to
e Manchester Societies" too literally, but we
do not regret his discovery of an unintentional
local inference, inasmuch as it has brought
the foregoing interesting communication.—EbDs.]

Apple Cox's Orange Pippin.—I have grown
Cox's Orange Pippin in the south, in
Worcestershire, in Yorkshire, and now here
in Lancaster | have been most successful
this year, but I have always found that this
variety needs more assistance than the
majority of other kinds. I have improved
on the treatment of this Apple for some
years, and ] find that without | assistance
the crops are generally poor, and the
defoliation of the tree occurs much earlier than
it should be. which tends to weaken the
buds for the coming season. The following
treatment I have proved to be most successsful.
When the trees are dormant dust them
with fine lime, spreading it all over the
head of the tree, just after rain. Then dig
around the trunk of the tree for an area
of about two feet six inches, working the
soil some eight inches deep. Cover the soil
with a moderate dressing of equal parts
lime and kainit. After au interval of four
weeks mulch the trees with old cow manure
and horse droppings mixed with soot. This
treatment will invigorate and strengthen
the surface roots. W. Osborne, Lancaster.

—- - Mr. Carpenter's enquiry as to the cause

of the unhealthy condition of his Cox's
Orange Pippin Apple trees opens a very
interesting «discussion. — Undoubtedly the
reasons are to be traced to more than one
factor. including stagnation at the root
surroundings, aphis attacks, a cold aspect.
impoverished soil conditions. and all-round

seasonable neglect. Stagnation at the roots
is very inimical to this variety, for efficient
drainage is essential to the well-being of
this popular Apple even more than for any
other variety. The past year was one of
the wettest known for several seasons. and
trees grown on a _ sub-strata of gravel or
chalk would suffer in health considerably
more than trees growing in a deep, well.
drained, loamy soil. My practice has always
been to add charcoal and flowers of sulphur
to the compost at planting time. as these
materials will counteract somewhat the effects

of wet conditions of the soil. and with 4
surface dressing of lime, will neutralise soil
acidity. Impoverished soil conditions are

often the reason of unhealthy trees and loss
of crop. In such cases the soil should be
enriched) with manures containing potash,
nitrogen, phosphates, and iron. Lime, which
is not only a plant food, acts indirectly by
improving the condition of the soil. and in
rendering soluble and setting free other plant
foods. The following winter dressing may
be given to established trees :—two ounces
of basic slag. one ounce of sulphate of
potash, ono to two ounces of nitrate of
soda. to each square yard of surface around

the tree. Lightly fork these materials in
the soil. then apply a dressing of slaked
lime. Pomona.

JANUARY 24, 1925.

THE GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE.

65

SOCIETIES.

NATIONAL ROSE.
ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING.

JANUARY 13.—-As stated on p. 32 in last
week's issue, the Annual General Meeting
of the National Rose Society, which was
held on this date at the Caxton Hall,
Westminster, was eminently satisfactory in
every respect. The attendance was larger
than usual and everyone seemed to be
keenly interested in the proceedings. At
the commencement the retiring President,

Mr. Sidney F. Jackson, was in the chair,
and, in view of the unusually large
amount of business to be transacted, it
was agreed to take the minutes of the

previous annual meeting and the Councils
Report for 1924 as read.

In proposing the adoption of the report
the President briefly referred to the
gratifying large increase in the Society's
membership and to the most satisfactory
state of the finances. Including those who
have joined since the report was written,
the membership is now almost twelve
thousand. Mr. H. Oppenheimer seconded
the motion. which was carried unanimously.

In proposing the adoption of the financial
statement, Mr. S. A. R. Preston-Hillary,
the Hon. Treasurer, paid a most graceful
tribute to the energies of the Hon. Secre-
tary, and said that in a very great
measure the present position of the National
Rose Society was due to the untiring zeal
of Mr. Courtney Page—a remark which was
received with much applause. He said he
was also of the decided opinion that any
increase in the Society’s publications was a
very wise investment and that every addi-
tional or revised publication always brought

a substantial increase in the membership.
Mr. Preston-Hillary briefly reviewed the
statement of accounts, which showed a

credit balance at the bankers of over £550.
An additional investment of £1,000 in Great

Western Railway Guaranteed Stock had
been authorised, and this would bring the
total reserve to approximately £7.000. The

major portion of the Society's income, was,
he said, derived from subscriptions, and
these amounted to almost £6,000. The
principal items of expenditure, in round
figures, were publications, £2,315, printing,
stationery, postages, ete., £1,211, and
expenses of shows, including prize moneys,

medals and plate, £1,667. Mr. H. R.
Darlington, in seconding the adoption of
the financial statement. heartily endorsed

Mr. Preston-Hillary's tribute to the great
work for the Society by Mr. Courtney Page
and also referred to the valuable services
of the Hon. Treasurer. Like the Report
the financial statement was unanimously
adopted.

At this point the new President,
C. €. Williamson. took the chair,
so doing referred to the great
the Rose world. which in the past had
been associated with the Presidency, and
expressed his appreciation of the honour
paid him. He was especially reminded, ከሩ
said, of Dean Hole, who once wrote that
the sweetest pleasure is to be honoured by
those we honour. He was especially pleased
that his first presidential duty should be
to hand the Dean Hole Gold Memorial

Mr.
and in
names of

Medal to Mr. Sidney F. Jackson in appre-
ciation of his great services. As was so
well-known to the members, Mr. Jackson

had for many years devoted a considerable
amount of time to the Rose and to the
National Rose Society. Mr. Jackson suitably
acknowledged the presentation.

The ordinary business having been trans-
acted. the question of a Royal Charter. of
Incorporation for the Society was discussed.

In his capacity of hon. solicitor to the
Society, and proposer of the motion on
behalf of the Council. Mr. Preston-Hillary

reviewed the provisions of the proposed

charter in an admirably clear and lucid
manner. He first recalled that twelve
months ago the question was considered,
but it was referred back to the Council
for further consideration. ' The Council had
appointed a sub-committee of four, which
had met on many occasions, and had
devoted a deal of time to the matter,
considering it fully from every point of
view. The result was that, with the
exception of Mr. H. R. Darlington, the
sub-committee were of the definite opinion
that the time had arrived when a charter

was advisable and necessary for the well-
being of the Society. Following a report
from the sub-committee to this effect, the

Council had decided by twenty-six votes to
five votes to adopt the recommendation and
to put forward to the annual general meeting
the motion: * That the Council be and is
requested and authorised to apply to His
Majesty s Privy Council for the incorporation
of this Societv by Royal Charter."
Incorporation into a Charter would give

the Society many advantages. while it
could not prevent it doing anything that
the present rules permit. It was 8180

stated that the present constitution placed
too great a responsibility upon the Hon.
Secretary, and that a charter would add to
the dignity of the Society. An important
provision of the charter was that which
provides that of the governing body of the
Society not less than two-thirds shall be
amateurs. [t would also give the Society
itself a definite place and standing in all
its transactions. The Rev. J. H. Pemberton,
who formally seconded the motion, said
that as one of the oldest members of the
Society he had been actively interested in
its growth from quite small beginnings to
its present position, and he fully agreed
with the need for a Charter.

In a brief and breezy speech Mr. H. R.
Darlington was the chief dissenter. He
expressed the opinion that a Charter would
be a mistake and would tie the hands of
the Society as they had never been tied
before, and he felt that they should retain
their old freedom. There was, he said.
nothing that the Charter would permit that
could not be done equally well under the
old constitution, and he appealed for greater
elasticity of working than would be possible

under a Charter.
Several other members spoke from the
standpoint of business men, and they

welcomed a Charter as a
particularly in that it
Society's officials.

In reply to some questions it was stated
that the Charter had been drawn up as
well as possible, and that the Council was
of the opinion that it met fully with the
needs of the Society.

On ‘being put to the meeting the motion
was overwhelmingly carried, there being only
one vote against it, so that the National
Rose Society will be Incorporated by Royal
Charter.

necessity,- and
safeguarded the

THE ORCHID CLUB.

Owino to inclement weather, with
and fog. the display of plants at the
Orchid Club, held on the 16th inst., was
numerically below the average of these
meetings, and yet many plants of great
excellence were exhibited.

PREMIER DIPLOMAS.
. Cypripedium Memoria F. M. Ogilvie, var.

frost

Majesticum. ‘The flower showed considerable
improvement in colour as compared with
when it was shown last season. the

unique shape being retained. C. Chrysostom

var. Conyngham. A large, well-set and well-

balanced flower resembling the Christopher

parent. Shown by Dr. CRAVEN MOORE.
GROUPS.

A. T. Cussons, Esq. (gr. Mr. F. Cookson).
exhibited a large group of hybrid Calanthes,
Cymbidiums and Cypripediums, also many
interesting spectes.

Mrs. HARDY staged a few choice Odonto-

glossums, including Wodin, white erispums,
and xanthotes.
Dr. CRAVEN Moors (gr. Mr. C. Branch)

showed many choice Cypripediuns.

VERNON Cray, Esq. (gr. Mr. N. Smith),
staged 8 seleetion of — excellently-grown
Cypripediums.

UNITED HORTICULTURAL BENEFIT AND
PROVIDENT.

THE monthly meeting of this Society was

held in the Royal Horticultural Hall,
Westminster, on Monday, the 12th inst.,
Mr. Chas. H. Curtis presiding.

Seven new members were elected. Six
members were allowed to withdraw double
the amount of interest from their deposit
accounts, amounting to £24 os. 6d.: one

lapsed member withdrew the sum of t] 19s.
lld., aud the sum of £373 3s. 6d. was
passed for payment to the nominees of
five deceased members.

The sick pay for the month on the
private side was £96 7s.. and on the State
side £74 13s. 6d. ; maternity claims totalled £4.

The sum of £17 ls. lld. was granted to
seven members for dental and optical
treatment, and five other cases were
considered.

sub-committee was formed to
arrange for the annual dinner to take
place during Chelsea Show week, and to
recommend the best means of commemora-

ting the Society's Diamond Jubilee.

A special

READING AND DISTRICT GARDENERS’.

THe Annual Meeting of the above Society
was held recently in the Abbey Hall; the Presi-
dent, Mr. Frank E. Moring. presided over an
excellent attendance of members. The Annual
Report and Balance Sheet for 1924 showed
that the Association was in a very sound
financial position, and that the membership
was steadily increasing, the number at the
end of 1924 totalling two hundred and eighty-
SIX.

The following were among the officers
elected for 1925 :—President: Frank E. Morin,
Esq.; Vice-Presidents: Alderman 1". B. Parfitt,
J.P., Leonard Sutton, Esq.. C.B.E.,
J.P., and E. P. Foquett Sutton, Esq., M.B.E.
(Mity.); Chairman: Mr. A. W. Gower, Calcot:
Vice-Chairman: Mr. F. J. Green, Aldermaston :
Hon. Treasurer: Mr. A. H. Leaver; Com-
mittee: Messrs. F. Alexander, E. Blackwell,
G. Carter, A. J. Cobb, H. H. Cook, W,
Chislett, A. H. Fulker, M. Goddard, F. Goodger.
H. Goodger, C. J. Howlett, R. J. Lloyd, H. C.
Loader, T. Martin, H. Reeves, F. Townsend,
D. Turner, H. Wynn, J. Wynn, and J.
Young; Mr. H. G. Cox was appointed the
Honorary Secretary and Mr. E. J. Dove
Honorary Assistant Secretary.

ELGIN HORTICULTURAL.

lr was a very satisfactory report that Mr.
George Milne, the secretary, had to submit to
the annual meeting of this body. the premier
Society in the land of Moray. on the 5th
inst. The funds show a balance well on
the right side, the membership is increasing.
propaganda work, in the form of lectures,

ete., has been exceedingly fruitful, and the
annual show was an unqualified suecess,
horticulturally and financially. The chair
was occupied by Councillor "T. L. Mann,

the Chairman of the Society. who heartily
congratulated Mr. Milne ou the very grati-
fving report he had submitted. It owns
pleasing. to leurn that the leetures throughout
the year had proved. very popular. He
hoped that a few excursions to Morayshire
pardens would be arranged for this year.
The annual show held in August last
had been an unqualified success. and de-
clared by those in a position to know as
being the finest display north ot Glasgow.
The work done by the Society in securing
à . coneession. by tbe Seottish Board ot

66

Agriculture plant non-kimmune early
Potatos was much appreciated by the
publie, and he (the Chairman) was pleased
to be able to say that he had had a
communication from Mr. Svmon, the Board's
inspector at Inverness, granting a similar
concession for this vear.

The election of office-bearers
place, the names of Brodie of
Mr. J. F. Cumming, convenor
county, being added to the list of patrons.
The Chairman, in moving the re-election of
Lord Provost Forsyth as honorary presi-
dent, paid a high tribute to the great
interest his lordship took in the affairs of
the Society and the warm support he
extended to all pertaining to the advance
of horticulture in the county. Councillor
Mann was re-elected president. Messrs. C.
G. Cumming, Elgin, and J. MeGillivary,
Newton, were re-elected vice-presidents, and
the worthy and highly competent secretary,
Mr. George Milne, was whole-heartedly
retained in his post.

The annual show was fixed for Wednes-
day, August 26, and a sub-committce
appointed to revise the prize schedule.

TRADE NOTES.

THE list of Royal Warrant Holders to
King George V. includes the name of
Messsrs. John Feed and Son, West Norwood.
London, S.E. 27, under the heading *‘ Plants
and Seeds," also Messrs. Daniel Bros., Ltd.. Nor-
wich, and Messrs. Fisher, Son and Sibray,
Ltd., Sheffield. We regret that these firms
were omitted from the list sent us and
published on p. 48.

RELATIVELY few chip baskets
approved standard capacities and
in the manner agreed upon at a
conference on the subject held in
1922, are in commercial use, and the
Ministry of Agriculture is desirous of con.
sidering with the manufacturer what action
can usefully be taken with regard to the
whole qnestion of standardised chip baskets

The Ministry of Agriculture is therefore
inviting representatives of all manufacturers
of chip baskets for Strawberries to attend
a meeting to be held at the offices of the
Ministry, 10, Whitehall Place, London, S.W.1
at 2.30 p.m, on Wednesday, the 28th
instant. The Ministry haz commuaicat «d
with a number of the manufacturers direct,
but if there are any others who have not
been so reached, will they kindly take this
notice as an invitation to themselves.

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

GARDENING PROFESSION: Enquirer.
deal depends upon what
you propose to follow. If vou have a
desire to continue in private service, then
your best plan would ከቦ to obtain expe-
rience by procuring employment 111 two
or three of the best gardens where all
departments are well represented. If your
taste lies in the direction of publie
gardening, then it is desirable that vou
should seek employment in a good public
park to begin with, and then endeavour
to obtain a position under the London
County Council, in the Manchester Parks
or the Glasgow Corporation Parks, thus
fitting yourself for the higher and more
remunerative positions. Tf commercial horti-
culture is the attraction, similar. lines
should be followed, except that thoroughly
well-managed commercial establishments
should be chosen wherein to obtain expo.

to

then took
Brodie and

of the

of the
stamped
publie
July,

ላ great
particular line

rience before commencing business on your
own account. Meanwhile vou should study
plant life and make yourself nequainted
with plants as growing, take up elemen-
tary botany and other useful branches of
study that may fit you for future positions.

Communications Received.—H.P.kK.—C.P.. S,
F.D.H.—A..MesS.—M.G.K.B.—H.G. M.—H.L.O.

WS,

THE GARDENERS

MARKETS.

COVENT GARDEN, Tuesday, January 20, 1925.

CHRONICLE

Plants in Pots, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.
(All 48’s except where otherwise stated).

Adiantum s. d. s. d.
cuneatum

per doz. ... 10 0-18 0

elegans ... .. 10 0-12 0
Aralia Sieboldii ... 9 0-10 0
— per

doz. 2 ... 90 0-42 0
Asparagus — plu-

mosus ... .. 12 0-18 0
—Sprengeri 12 0-18 0
Aspidistra, green 36 0-60 0
Asplenium, per

oz. ... 12 0-18 0
—32'8 . 24 0-30 0
—nidus ... ... 12 0-15 0
Cactl, per tray,

—12’s, 15 . 00-70
Crotons, — doz. 30 0-45 0
Cyclamen—

—32's ... 36 0-48 0
—48's . 24 0-30 0

Cut Flowers,

Adiantum deco- 8.0. 8. 0,

rum, doz. bun. 18 0-21 0
—cuneatum, per

doz. bun. ... 12 0-13 0
Asparagus plu-

mosus, per bun.

long trails, 093 20-30

med. sprays 16-26

short ,, 09-13
—Sprengeri, per bun.

long sprays 16-20

medium re 10-18

sh 04-10
— white,

per doz. bun ... 12 0-15 0
Camellias, White,

per box ... 346-40
Carnations, per

doz. blooms 30-50
Croton leaves,

var., doz. leaves 09-26
Daffodils, per

bunch— 16-19
—Double Daffodils 1 በ- 1 9
—(rolden Spur ... 16-19
—Soliel d'Or . 09-16
Fern, French, per

doz. bun. ... 09-13
Freesia, per doz.

bun. 40-18 0
Galax, Amerie ah.

green and bronze,

per doz. bun, ... -- 30

French Flowers—

Carnations, — per

bun. , 1620
Marigolds, per pad 7 0-10 0
Mimosa, per pad ። 0-12 0
—per bun. .. 10-13
Narcissus, Paper

White per pad 30 0-40 0
—doz. bun. 10-90

Ranunculus, double

scarlet, doz bun. 10 0-12 0
—Carmine, per

doz. bun 8 0-12 0

Vegetables : Average

8. d. s. d.
Beans, ጋ ከኤ
per Ib. — —
—Best .. 10-60
—Others ... bug “eee uem
—Madeira, pr
box . 41000
Beets, per ewt. 46 5 0
Cabbage, per tally 6 0-10 0
Canary Island
Toinatos ... 16 0-25 0
Oauliflowers, per
doz. ... 1050
Foreed Mint, per
doz. 6 0-10 0

Celery, best. ላና 'ashed.

per bundle 5 ... 2630
—Second . 08-09
Ohicory, per lb... 0 5- 0-6
Carrote, per cwt. 36-50
Cucumbers, each 2 6 4 0
Dutch Onions 10 0-12 0
Endive, per doz. 20-30
Batavia, per doz. — 30
English Asparagus—
—Finest .. 8 0-10 0
— Best in .. 90-60
French Asparagus—

Paris Green ፣ዬኩ ጐህ

Lauris — 1n 0

s. d. 8s. d.

Cyrtomium
Erica melanthera,

Marguerites, white,

. 10 0-15 0

48's, per doz. ... 21 0-30 0
— —U's, per doz. 8 0-10 0
Hy acinths, in
boxes—
—white, pink and
, blue, per doz.
spikes 3 0-40

48's, per doz. ... 18 0-30 0
ን ከከከ Pa in
variety . 12 0-18 0

—32’3 ..... 21 0-36 0

Palms, Kentia ... 30 0-48 0
| —60’s * ... 15 0-18 0
Pteris, in variety 10 0-15 0
—large 60's .. 5060
—gsmall .. . 40-50

| —72’s, per tray
of 15'8 ... . 2636

Roses, Safrano
bun. of two doz.

etc.. Average Wholesale Prices.

r s.d.s.d.

blooms .. 3 0-36
—per pad... 8 0-10 0
—Ulrich Brunner,

per doz. blooms 6 0-10 0
Violets, Parma,

per bun. 6 0- 7 6
—single, per pad 8 0-12 0
Lilac, Dutch, per

apikes E 410-830
Lilium la ncifolium

album, per doz.

blooms ... መ መና
—rubrum, long, per

doz. blooms 4050
—short,, .. 30-40
Lilium longiflorum

long, per doz. ... 12 0-14 0

short ,, ,, 10 0-12 0
Lily of the Valley,

per doz. bun. ... 24 0-36 0
Orchids, per doz.
—Cattleyas . 94 0-30 0
—Cypripediuins... 50-70
Prunus triloba

(Dutch), perbun. 1 0- 1 6

Richardias (Arums)

per doz. . 9 0-129
Roses, new crop.
per doz. blooms,
Richmond ... I0 0-18 0
Ruscus, French,
per bun. . 10-20
Smilax, per doz.
trails * 20-30
Tulips, per buneh—
—Couronne d'Or 2 ( 26
—La Reine 20- 26
—Mon Tresor ... 2 0-20
— Prince of Austria 2 (= 2 0
— Rosina ... , 2026
—'Thomus Moore ! ®& 2 በ
—Wim. Copland... 30-40
Violets, per doz.
bun ማም . 20-80
Wholesale Prices.
8. d. s. d.
Greens, ማና bag... 1 0-20
Horseradish, per
bundle ... 2U- 26
Leeks, per doz.
bundles .. . 30-40
Lettuce, per dozen 1 6- 2 0
—QOutdoor TUE LEX
Mushrooms, cups 2 6- 30
—boilers ... 016-20
Onions, Valencia,
per case ... 14 0-16 0
Parsnips, per cwt. 40-60
Potatos, Canary
Island, per case 12 0-14 0
=N pring Crop... 20 0-24 0
Potatos, per ton—
— Dunbars 230 0-240 0
—king Edward 210 0-240 0
| —Whites ... 90 0-200 0
—New Guernsey 1 0-0 10
Rhubarh, Forced,
per doz.. 2(-26
Savoys, per tally 7 6-12 6
Seakale, per pun-
net i 2 ig 30
Spinach, per bushel 3 :j to
Sprouts... - ==. መ
Sweet Potatos — 50
Turnips, per ewt. 40 5 6

JANUARY 24, 1925.

Fruit: Average Wholesale Prices.

s. d. s. d. 8. d. s.d.
Apples— Grapes—
—Oregon New- —Gros Colmar ... 2 3-40
town .130-3160 | —Belgian Colmar,
Newton Wond per Ib. ... .. 20-26
—Newton Wonder 60-100 | . Almeria, per
— Bramley's Seed- barrel ... ... 90 0-35 0
ling .. 80-120 | Grape Fruit, —
—Californ Tew- ; Cuban ... ... 16 0-3) 0
town. ots 11 0-12 6 | —Florida ... . 20 0-5 0
— Delicious ... 12 0-14 0 , Jaffa Oranges ... 15 0-160
—Winesap 14 0-10 0 | Kent Cobs, perlb. 10-1?
Nova Scoti i Lemons, Messina,
— Nova Scotia— r box .. 80100
—Stark ... 26 0-30 0 —Murcia ... 5 12 0-13 0
—Russett 25 ዑ-‹ Oranges, Spanisl =
Russett... «25 — 0 jà “15 0-30 0
— Baldwin ... 22 0-26 0 —360's . 14 0-18 0
—Greening .. 24 0-35 0 ---204'3 E "14 0-30 0
Banan ingles 17 0-25 Pines Pss 30-50
d —— T : 2 South African
oubles., ... 17 0-27 6 Peaches... .. 60-120
'alif. : —Apricots 40-50
ፍው ር ር —Plums ... 50-80
—Winter Nelis, Tunis Dates, per
per case... ...300-326 i በ05. * Se 96-50
GLASGOW.
Apart from an advance in prices of Apples and
Onions and a further reduction in Oranges, prices

were steady during the past week, with the usual firmer

tendeney towards the close. In. the fruit — section,
imports of Apples in barrels are almost over for
season, but large quantities in cases were a
from the Pacifle ports, ria the Panama Canal
Average prices. for the week may be quoted as
follows :—Newtown Pippin, 35- per barrel; Baldwin,
$4-: Stark's, 33-; Winter Greening, 32 - Windsor
Chief, 30-: and York Imperialis, 26- to do-.
Winesaps made 136 to 17- per case; Spitzbergen,
13- to 13-: Ortlev. 13- to 146; Newtown Pipin,
136 የ0 166; Delicious, 196 to 176: and Rome
Beauty, 12 6 to 13. Winter Nelis Pears brought
39- to 34- per case; and Grape Fruit from ilt-
to 22-. Oranges continued plentiful) at the folowing
easier Values :--(ዓ04), 13- to 13 -:; (300) 10 - to Rb:
(360), 106 to 136: (240), 10 6 to 12-: (200), 17-
to 74-: and (120, 13- to 146; Jatfas, 14-:
Sunkist. 28'- to 42- ; Seville, 18- per $-case: and
Malaga, 1536. [Lemons were also eheaper at 6- per
box anl 86 per case, There were no Muscat
Grapes, but Gros Colmar was steady at 20 to 36
per |b. and Belgian, 2.

Onion supplies were again short, and as the demand was
good. buyers had to concede higher prices, 4's being 14 -.
D's 18 -, and 6's 16 - per case.

The cut-flower market was without special feature.
Tulip: arrived in greater quantities, but a large proportion
of the blooms were short in the stem. Double pink blooms
soll at 16 for 6s, William) Copland, 12 to 1 3; Rosina
and Rosebery, 1- to 13: Prince de Ligne, 1 - to 11:
Couronne d'Or. 1 6 to 19: Prince of Austria, 1 3 to 16:
and Murillo, ] 4 to 1... White Hyacinths made 8d. to
11, and blue, 13 to 14. Small. consignments of Chry-
santhemums of medium quality brought 94. and 100. per
bunch, while Golden Spur. Daffodils ranged from 1 6 to
1 9 per bunch. Nareissus nade S-to 0 - per doz. bunches:

Lilv-of-the-Valley, 1 ቦ to 19 per bunch: English Violets.
2- to 26 per doz.: Mimosa, 5 - to 8- per pad: Lilium
rubrum, 4 - to 2 - per doz.; and Carnations, 3 - to 36

por dozen,

SCHEDULE RECEIVED.

— — —

NATIONAL SWEET PEA SOCIETY.—Twenty-fifth Exhibition
to be held at the Royal Horticultural Hall, on Thursday
and Friday, July 16 and 17. —Secretary, Mr. A. C. Bartlett.
Ik, Kew Road, Kew.

GARDENING APPOINTMENTS.

Mr. E. S. White, for the past six years Gardener to

the late 4. €. CHADWICK, Esq., Leadhall Grange,
Harrogate, and Duna Lodge, Kirbymoorside, Yorks..

as Gardener to the BRADFORD CEMETERY
Undercliffe, Bradford, Yorkshire.

Mr. H. Pateman. for the past two-and-a-half years
Foreman at Tranby Croft, Hull, as Gardener to Mrs.
ARTHUR WILSON, at the same address, (Thanks for
2s, for. R.G.O.F. Box.— EDS.)

COMPANY.

CATALOGUES RECEIVED.

W. SMITH AND
Aberdeen.
MARR AND SONS,

Son, LTb. Exchange Warehouses.

11. King Street, Covent Garden, W.C.

HERST AND Son, 152. Hounsditeh, E. 1. (Wholesale).

HARRISON AND SONS, Leicester,

WILLIAM Warr, Victoria Bridge. Cupar.

KE. P. DINON AND Sons, LTD.. Hull.

SAMUEL FINNEY AND CO. IS, Grainger Street. Neweastle-
on- Tyne,

G. HE PLANT AND CO., The Eastgate, Chester.

THOMAS GRERN AND SON. [,ፐ[).. Leeds.--Lawn mowers.
ele,

BLACKMORE AND LANGDON. Pwerton Hill Nursery, Bath.

-—pesonias, Delphiniums. ete.
DoBBIE AND Co. 1,ፐ1).. Bdinburgh. - Plants.
[|[ ከ- AND SONS, 152, Elowundsditeh. E.1. —
bulbs (Wholesale)
11. Secorr AND SONS,
sundries.

ነ፡1ከ1እ)|ዘ) eam.

Woodside. South Norwood, Ss. E.—

መ ክር. ar

- — — —

CAN BK PREVENTED 8ሃ

SPRAY N ow BEFORE THE BUDS Burst |

Paces Carmine Paw.
bs gaton, | zd] 6. E 5 2 gallons —
etre — ete BE ጋ RE P

dela adi 1$ parte o of soft water:

E i pet of.

ባፈ,

“ቃረ * Rh its. ANS DM und ያ ይሸ is fad. 2e val D
— 222) Teer #8 anton . 660: የ P

GEO. BUNYARD & 6, Uid, —— ‘MAIDSTONE.

| ዝ0ጸርህኒህጸል. CENTRAL HEATING.
CAND. | SUCTION o Gas PLANTS
— — — f SNES A UNS A os

* a WIRE TENSION" n
GREENHOUSES

E end for Catalogue,

IRON. FRAME. SELAT GEASS’
NO ROOF PA NONG NO PUTT?
| PHOSPHOR: BRONZE CLES

SKINNER BOARD 4. in
. GREENHOUSE & HEATING SPECIALISTS, d

SBRIST OE:

ES ve —— THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

;MMurtiiv.

Eagle Tow

.ዳይመጠአወወ <
x ALPINE. PLANTS. ge DAS
ነ ORIENTAL POPPIES - R (uc ፡፡
. PHLOX- “BELPHINTUMS «| A
| PAONIES, PYRETHRUM, 86. S ce

||” HERBACEOUS 5 ALPINE P un 1 ዖ ር E

Hardy Plant: N tienden.

MERSTH; AM, Surrey. s Nd 1 ; P

ዘር በዜ — TE 9 yi

Now ^3 Uds. Be ከጠ: 46. 3 ppt A va ;|
Mies ;- Hwee have. átra ng, tle A
Bas ripened: Canes, cam sealeome

your: enquiries. '

Thomas Rivers. & Son nd,
ER athe Mureecies - | d

SAWBRIDGEWORTH, HERTS. |
vadens 114((፡5. ds zi od o um

Saks rum niege, ^et ——— ንህ ኒ EXC '
- 2 2t dy Loo — IN Aer A
Inve — ነ od A N
tris ARI TOI OC ys S ier f
(በ * — P Vette ዕው
(2. Agus. DERE YR 1 ጌ.ዴ. *
AM SUE EIE dioc cooks ni
— ኦግ ሜነ ek DM RIS FY
TEET ma A VARPA "ue fY,)
W os ARA Ae ass poo «t ዚና ELK uto
LU Ros. x. Aa xni Spat &fo-
— FS *ሁ-ያ.. *4 ንጃፆኦ .... HAS
፣/4ቆሆን wee ur LES do — "A one
eRY aon ms rH ደጁ m A.
TE MAY: ዝያ" pte: etos: TAM ' ; -
wW ፲5:ጳ!፤88፳7:፲% Ri. AS, irte Eutr
j. RAREN — EX MA.

— DOUBLE YOUR SUPPL y OF

8 VEGETABLES & FLOWERS. Y : 50080: J

GIHBS' PRIZE: CARDEN SEEDS.
ው tif, TE PA ys Se TS NS ASCYW PC liatehatictess ችው
የን;05: eink are "PELA H PRY tS UH — ክንያ
Yhesce CRIA B- WERIT ና) ae Vai te fede Ne *
Minhas? ጾያ ኣ reiini ui y Whe 4 ou xe dex
“OSS ORATION ATOIY: :
ieS PUREE -

Dr. p T6 M" NA n * iM?
XA ab tere dw — H,
f , PRIN Ce NAME UNA !፤] TAL
eine, dod & Si éc Wiis, uad. vos; muita
9t Marrowtz: Pres. Yit wot iW den ^ae pt
En rua. Gompetitian. s
NIBAS, F.F- H.&. The frías Sf Ahn; 4

ET EAST FINCHLEY, ager 56,000 Yertieinin "B

RL ENERE CHRO NIEL MR ና T 34 dues

-— — — — — — — — — ——— — * — — T — * -— ሞግ" s t9 — — RS — — Se — ማሸ ፡ ፡ርኤ.
- (529 2 E = ud ጣ E . ; — —

SELECTED DUTCH BULBS, ROSES and PERENNIAL — ተፈ ~~ CYCLAMEN ~ =

í ee ነ Mr Are j FOR- SPRING. ‘PLANTING | fide — Eom Not waded — Maroni
| ህመ“ Catalogue of 113910]. Begonias, Dablias, Ting; Phieses: Delphine, que fÜ'Caledenian Price Strain.
were “Dwarf Roses, etc, free. Jm. application. PUERO ለ New Cyclamen, Giant White Wonder

JOHN 5. VAN DERSCHOOT | (n Mens 1080.

ነ. — ad a ie te —— Waite Oran
The Did Established Bulbfarms (eimprising over 360. acres) Ps Established. 1836 — ^

e Wes E ህ

— — — — —

m Re ?

Marts. o oe Mor bes oes per IAM.
-Aher Ohaine Parse. =< — See tags, ጃቶ,
Bilyer-lpavec: Gase መይ...

——

ida

ቭቨ ANOUN AAO N, Hie

HILLEGOM - — à ict vs — ney ob ne SUMUS
ርሀ f we ) ፓ % : 2 į E s * F AOT e ues £ * Z a መ. r < > : ^
T Dehan arro jare Pau. — No G ማሪና for የዘዳ EC imprese — ARE CO ipe MAE
፡ um Ru Quent. 2 ርም ህደ ግ IE SIR
*% * à
— Nnm. Neia — —

a ose Gueen- — —
S [A

1

ያ

ES Salenon . Mini EAS Ret tates. beeen [VET EY
Pe Mauve Quci — — ous 9
ce ከ14] i Miss TE NERS AS Hy en EA
k — inet: qi . Sik Lm 5፪ሩ- ET — 4 “èr rai 358: tw
ፍል tend ከክር 65 deeds 2i mpüYatíon 34411 be Tiled
ነ TA it. NE: Bumdier የ «ilg sest ^
SU temen: yn. e 5 Dicet ow apro ahi n tiwa —
iul PN uri s —J

BL SAR year REA e
s.
— BRUDER CT ORC UI s od ri At i22:

CHRYSANTHEMUMS |

for the Asking.
] “MY GARDEN BOOK, 1925” -| .

አን fando a dict Sarl: baton sil 1^

‘Hardening Guide Bull of a PM
. nformation- Aud valid: PSHE A A

| Marderi VATA P E V: d nta

A. ሥሪ

vila ዘዘ8፳ዘ8፻8፣16481(0ከ1)በ(፤111

m © uad

Offered. pi ou ace ነዙ qu Kx
v frir SANS Wee aS Im YORU: ከ DEE ds o

That. yout geni ፳- trial eer ' sy S NN d
THE. “SCOTTISH ‘SEED. nouse ኔ ME ጸ1. Didi Catalogne ; ‘and 8146. uet. free, enakk i Beal
— 25፡፡:. net" tip: to-date — ine dwding ^ Mie Ner. NINE oe
| ሐ 39, TOR Exhibitors, rea de:

"አሊሁ POR ota Verr. t pay: — —

ne MPS "New. 867168. - strate "የ ክክክ Line — ——
|. deta vc dde BH. And X BS recent. diy s MEETS S
UU Jiecrirol]ve. X aripties. of. Berent, Jdatrodyiciss :
036. (als 00 | Varieties, alt sections. NU

inn “Cntadrignes of over 800 Aetia ait eau = i
Negenias, finest douhle- named, | seri double

— —

V ሠ 6 BROWN |

{Dept Ci:

—

ፍመ

d Eg — ; , UL CS dE C eH M
— — “ — — — (A — — “መ ለ: ማሙ” —— — — —
:

: ——
Tur Scottish: Seed. House, PERTH. |o 4o and: “aie 4u Separate, ቦ፡101፳5. | Binder: T'Ariratione.

peta ction pf ERE Varieties: — Hives VR Tow
ነ 588008. -

- 2086. ——— — 'Varieties obtainahie
Vaedaa,- ፤/86- Kxhibitión: and Residing Varieties. Pangirs,.

" | ጋ 4
jon ————— —

GREAT TWO DAYS SALE.

| Xba ape duis by AE CON die
Par Corner Nursery; ከ89. % JANUARY 2888.
Waer- :283- Nursery, We d JANUARY. 28th.
| New ክው & Choice Shrubs, AG, (ores Pres Sy
LARGE SPECIMEN CONIFERS AND — |

Well SEE ed pyramids tu. feat Uns: season,
ectarines, Apricots, 15 - and 21: - euch :

CHAS. p. KINNELL. & co 5. =e
| Apples, Pears, Plumas, Cherries, 10,8 & 15. each. | 65. 65^ Southwark 5t. t London. SE .
STU AUT LOIT. ጩጨ co. d: i Aids AV

BUSH ከበር PARK, ENFIELD, ` 190. pu

p * 2 ds 2 10 ME — 5. pes zs
‘ORCHARD HOUSE TREES . "Lh

"E

is

S IB | MCDOUGALLS S : 1 Da NE en Scotch, Ironi best የ314፪75. ጾሻ5ሚ x
1925 Oo ELTY. | SAE pon
Perpa- F — Canaio As | N S E CTI Ci o E Ir A. WOOLMAN, Shirley, Birmingham E
፡፡ | « AE 2 E ag ARTE ce zi ney 3
“WINSOME WHARTON” Aaaa O
ር | FoR GREENHOUSE አር አይ ኤል e i “THE BETTER THE FRUIT |
RHS Award of Merit, Oct, 1924 | ees oe | 61 E WINTER: SPRAY. FLUID.
] SPRING. DELIVERY T iooo | — 2o00o0 1a i —4 1. ——* 40% —* ewr yos ollas, -.
PE ke er Y; Be each. CUES: — = Eni | d Nd:
FEET | E EET.
um IN-CLEVELAND, Y BOE 55፡8 fn MANOHERTER ከርል | WINNELLS COKE — ረ
—— | —— Ai Tiare — jM Pick ———
Die Aen VINE: oR — v. * ios == E EC aye —*
x | | ተ ንስ | ሐነ] LIU D a — M a "Mg US ;
a NOW 8 ፲፪ — I x dine nm x 4: መ | e iuter —— ፡ con e — x ;
ናሪ iur. M |
GARDENS, ORCHARDS, , | FIGS | SR
“ESTATE. NURSERIES, E £s. — ded ae aT ፳ : ኣር
d
Eo
[4
f

T -EX ERGREENS, "up to 15 feet.” |
[ሐር SPECIMEN. ‘ORNAMENTAL - TREES,
T ep to 38 feet
e 815: arie: | cu SM — diclging 7:89.

na kee amd eat RNA, ge 4.

— z
Reihe hey Best: Wesute EN

Me. FOB CATALOGUE.

QUE —

s: 19 Á WILLMOTT
Mo Rial Plant: Stake

ME - abbted No 165779) .

ቻል dE xfi in. pavit Batane Wa
— aem. Wor all pauta.

| : Mm ‘nat vot, meer onl yr iak ህብ...

Sampler 0 sizes 2) yont free I DEL S

aoe 4. ——

AY ye —* i
P ለን
t wins ጊኔ Ad

"ia Mis iet Mies ASI. :

2 panne Streat.
ar ——

axi b? ,
9 ላ ሻኛ eM *

2y4 449

B tay

aM deat ei seth: ኋኛ as diei prevent Sati

Jarn 24

dug —

i Largest) OM Sovtuctorars | qi
Pieve Pole ከ7 the World.
tt Sa EE ae AL. —

p

JUYHE © BEST ANG
CHEAPEST.

SPECIAL POTS
for Roses, Vines,
Cleniatis, Orchids, and
Chrysanthemums.

Fancy Fern: Pant. ar a
Buib Bawls,
from 33. earh,

No Waiting!
AN "Orders executed:
the same day 65
^. የዊዩርር1ሦድ4.

pete hare, coring pS han ot
664 we Carvings wo n.
ማን ; IWgctrated- Ovsen bik

&T 9

| RICHARD SANHEY & SON,
ይሣ Pemeest "Ae
_SULWELL. NOTTINGHAM. vA

‘STOVE & GREENHOUSE PLANTS

. Aralies, Crotons, Caladiums, Dracmnas, oic, all
kinds of Foliage, Flowering &. ftimbing Fiants

athe largest and mos complete soltectson - Sho ፻5ጨጤ

አመ "

\ The Pots that Dm
. PETER BAILEY $ HORS, tid.

Heaton Bersvy Pottery,
Er. Hanchester.- ዕን

JINMAN'S S
RUSTIC WORK

Summer Houses, Sests, Facia, Arches, &c.
-RUSTIC WOOD FOR GARDENS, £
Revel Works, STRETFORD. 3

LINCOLNSHIRE. #8 POTATOES —

SPECIALLY SELECTED Ț STOCKS. - — |
| rely hai , Sir johu Li een,
King Edwa: +, Queen Mary, Ally and Majene in

ge or mall quantities, : -
pleata state — es

Whsn. —
ae SN, LTO.

w. GENK 1s”

(Dept. Nó. 13) KIRTON, BOSTON, Lincs ፡4..

|.
=

ORCHIDS.

1988, wall grown and cheep : iso.
Many Rare and Choice VYutiétims.

— sum. AND. GREENHOUSE PLANTS OF ALL —
pri :-:1917 3869 jor Catalogue, —— -

JAMES CYPHER & SONS.
, CHELTENHAM;

ጋ — trs n.
M ፳ን 315
ዊላ ——— — Ro TA? bags Pani,
Y. BATH & OO, Ltt), Savoy Wes Loma on, R ^t

y v^
ነ 6.
Pw i'd,
n -
> | ዳ M ነ r^ ነፈ
r 4 i n
Tus NP
PASS PA eee te
የ" lS *
$ 1
|

sting —
hon à i

THRE:

a
|
|
መ)
v

E |: |
1

-PN SEED POTATOES

G ARI ENE y CURO
GOLDEN OYEWS _

EE FINEST. STOCK . W. GREAT BRITAIN

Reigi Wrens tad” halt qnia - Eog

"SUCH PLANTS. CANNOT BE-
— ATELY: a DESCRIBED -
hun SUR. Auc Pry ES ae

‘ENS SPEC HON: INVITED,
'ክ. "Extcitofs ef th Jute e

ANTHONY. "7WATERER |

(der di Mein: based ከቁ ‘Sere.

PERSON. L.

het Tx) gest aon — & Exponent.

ያከ nf The? Béientifie: Methods
Ne “OF Orchid: Seedling. Raising

T IARLESWORTH & CO, LTD,

OVINE. BORDERS, CARNATIONS,
8488 MELONS, CARVSANTHEMUMS
m FRUITS” UNDER GEASS, em die.

MÀ — — —

Carriage Paid fo any Station:

— — — —— ⸗

A B JOHNSTON,
Park. C rar cnt SURREY.

Bl venience scorni

Ordi TH ንቻ
Aye Tio Puisné:
WE ፪ PsODOEE .—
UM BUMPER COPS
AW. — FOR A

GEO. TACKMAN & 881

Invite: Inspection: 51. their Lene and
Varied, Stock o

ORNAMENTAL

Ma TREES, CLIMBERS:
06:68 thet ‘Celebrated Clematis), -

00 ለመጠ of Stock ta Select from.
Catalogues Free on Application.

diis: given on ell matters appertaining to:

LANDSCAPE .. GARDENING

ESTATE IMPROVEMENTS.

CHRONIC LR.

አራጣ

SERIE |

A
1.
dE

|MAYWARDS: BEATH, ‘SUSSEX. AP: ER

: = LOAM. |

very | ‘Fibrous, ‘Yellow: Tort Loam. |

4 EDRN 3 J
v ፡፡ ተቅፈጣሪ ?
^ ; f. — j - .
“ርዴ ቃልና 5 ‘ ፖ “oe
aya? VN TA > com re u
Y. We E EIS ; iro up id s
4^ l d ና. ፔ as "
PN rn lv PON $
AAE n rh he m OLAT, »N —— E:
መች piat h ^ ° i —* e, if
Hig pater Mad * A y ^
x የመሰ ;

ih | Bing ‘Nurseries, SURREY, ን : | m

| FRUIT TREES, ROSES,| .
- | | HERBACEOUS AND ALPINE PLANTS. —

i de

iore or

xh

———— — 4

Comp — the ii: pex read or Osnatk Taiao a, ጸዕ 3
- tálníng- ቴከጹ ከ፳ዩርጃኦ and eins — with ——

hinta oa eugiture, also. fhe bear varieties in —— Ts

fowetin. Carnations. Rent poet free on requaal tos o iy i

KEITH LUXFORD & C —
j ME Nursénies, HARLOW, ESSEX; . o
E Amd at — Ben: (ET

ROCHE RY STON EC

Bet ‘Westmorland. Weathered | Licnestoné. ` —

‘Rackeries, | Rock - Gardens, 816.

M ECER.. dq ES AYequirerents. eR
Latiae Stanes - ብ. መው ና.

any: አርብ
ከ y- dua ty

oue Brive wink: ንፍ Witte
[AN XH HIN e
(ON KARAT:

WON =..
ME ips TU ueris

i x

"
| — GIVES
|
|
2
|

Trouble The fotiowing Mats will ss
Amep it aut: * -!-
ይ Prjse ee

|| “RUSSIAN ,ክ. ue Per dos.”
MATE — 28. ‹ጁ3 ft. 518 — iaje. E.
TAPLOW 86% ፳ፋ ft. e. 2... -80›- aA
p ft x6ft .. be 45፦ 1 .
= « — 228 ACRI gs. - 51/8 E |

-6 ft x 12 ft. - BOj-

d. DARJEELING. ነን 48-81068 71...

Sines and to measure; © Roll on and 81 Bf.
Ne loue £nds. : AW these mate will 8.
p Sur. 16098 during che. Winter po

RMTH |

‘vite dor. ኣ page Catalogue.

| WM. WOOD & SON, LY

TAPLOW, ‘BUCKS.

z "Phone: us = — ‘Geama: anes a

| BLACK | CURRANT BUSHES.

Variety “ EDIJRA.". The best In the werd.

| uer PRIZE of ASHFORD, KENT, SHOW. July, wai PhS

ery fine torec-vesi^ old: hashes, 7/8: dog, 14€ Per 54, —-
edv rage paid. hy: passenger. 118 per 50; mae per 409. ን እ
HN pat: "Laert. Te-am ral goods train D ጋያ
S-yent 611. bushes half above priton EEA
Took: how የያዐየበ he. ralsbt for Spring 93:69 “ን. MES
nee trái big. 181 or reversion, — ረታ

CIS SA: SCARLETT (Dept, Ch ES ;

= MARKET STREET, EDINBURGH, 3):ፊ5146«( —

| | RHODODENDRONS and ms

“Intending. planters. will find. EK c v lv
CHE ዚላ HILL: > NURSERY - PE
BARGE “SPECIMEN | PLANTS ~ |
in finest Rane: Yarisfiex-
givne. dmmediate effect A
Ordinary | Sock As; per. — ፈይ ያ: ቀ
part. irerupo. ያ ና $

፡ ENSPÉC PION ST እ ED ues
artc aret desert) ስዕጻ#. gon moplisation for —
Che. Breviitora. of the late ©

ANTHONY WATERER |

"KNAP. HILL NURSERY. .
.WOKING. STATION, SURREY.

በበጀሁፍነፍ Wicetine (oar

lx MIC GATOR

"n v ** euer 4: £i m ማንና pias ste tu elam uses
' LAG Ve ርክ. — E S a AS D
። : — TM or Teed CD Wa. ደ, We)
Cni oid: 2፡2: 5453 ኔ NGC SN ea ዘሰኔ) FE, tja;
Sie * uth ’ :

ned trie AN ኃፆዕ Fe Ay MP,

1 conny * 65. Bhad Thames, tension 8 ss bte

» t

Xıl.

SITUATIONS VACANT. (cone from pure i "E

WV ANTED. FIRST
perienced, to fake
the Foreman. Also capable
and borders, having a wood
pants and shrubs: wages for
bothy with good attendance,
paid extra.—Please state age, with full particulars
of experience, wlth copies of testimonials, to J.
BROWN, Burford Gardens, Dorking, Surrey.

\ ANTED. FIRST JOURNEYMAN,

side, with good experience: wages R3 -,
ete.. duty 6 - extra.— Full particulars to W.
Coworth Park. Sunningdale, Berks.

OURNEYMAN wanted for Fruit. Houses
e and Hardy Fruitf.—Full particulars as to experience,
age, copies of references, wages expected, with bothy. to
F. J. CLARK, Westonbirt Gardens, Tetbury Gardens.

Glos.
\ T ANTED. JOU RNEY MAN. uge veut 2P,
for Kitchen Garden and Pleasure Grounds. able
ju use Atco Mower: 35 - per week, rooms and attendance,
apply with copies of references to GARDENE R, Druids
ge, Woodford, Salisbury.

JOURNEYMAN.
Charge plant houses,
MAN to look after beds
knowledge oof hardy
each 36 -, excellent
duty and overtime

CN-
under

In-
bothy.
REED,

22

OURNEYMAN wanted immediately for
e Kitehen Garden and Pleasure. Grounds, must
be strong and active: wages 33-, good bothy and
attendance.—W. BUCKLE, Brasted Place, Brasted,

near Sevenoaks, kent.

\ A YANTED
age 23

JOURNEY MAN,

a First-class

upwards, for Vineries: thoroughly
conversant with and good thinner essential; wages
35/-, including monthly duty, 396 weekly: bothy
and usual allowances ; cricketer በክ asset.—H. LLOYD,
Tewin Water, Welwyn.
OURNEYMAN, chiefly Inside, some experi-
e ence, age about 20: duty every third week, 5 -- paid;
bothy., etc.—Full particulars, wages expected, to T.
VARNDELL, The Hall (ardens, Pinner, Middlesex.
MPROVER wanted, Inside. Apply. with
copies of testimonials, and stating wage required,
with bothy, ete, to F. HANSON, SNSoimnerleyton,
Lowestoft.

VW . YOUNG MAN, us IMPROVER,
in pleasure grounds, ete., able to take duty:
good bothy and attendance: state wages and apply
DURNFORD, Broadhanger Gardens, Petersfield.

TRADE.

OREMAN GROWER, INSIDE, wanted,

North of England: medium-sized. range of glass,
market crops, shop supplies, no fruit, similar good
experience a necessity: must be good all-round pushing
man: good house vacant provided, very close to nursery :
fullest references and details required with wages to
commence.—8, K., Box 537, ጋ, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C.2,

WANTE D. à woung

FOREMAN for small nursery,
Tomatos, Chrys.. ete.. are zrown in
a successful Carnation propagator
age, wages, and experience.—H. pus
toek Street, Covent Garden, W C

WORKING. FOREMAN

Nursery on. South Coast,
Cyclamen, Ferns, bedding plants,
ete, for shop and trade: must. have had. similar ex-
perience : cottage. provided.—Apply. with all particulars,
to M.W. Box 46, 5, Tavistock Street. Covent Garden,
WIS.

mergeti WORKING

Where Carnations,
quantity; must be
and grower: state
Box 5 Tavis-

--
(3,

required for
to take full. charge:
Tomatos, Cucumbers,

TRAIN AS FOREMEN,
growth of our Carden Crafts Depart-
for vounz men about
in the construction of

YOUNG MEN TO
"HE
ment affords an opportunity

the age of 24 to train as foremen

gardens, laying hard tennis courts. laying out sports
grounds, ete.

Particulars of wages, ete., will be sent to all suitable
applicants. Applications, giving age and particulars of
experience, should be addressed to BAKERS, Garden
Crafts (Department, Codsall, Nr. Wolverh: unpton.

J ANTID. n eds CARN. VT ION
| GROWER and PROPAGATOR, one with know-
ledge of Tomatoes, ete., preferred: able to control. labour
and take charge of nursery if required: progressive post;
state age, wages, and experience.—H. ላ.. Box 64, 5
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, WoC. 2

Want ED, CUCUMBER GROWER, single,
under Foreman.—Particulars as to experience,
ete., RAMSBOTHAM ሊ CO., Bletchley

wages, to

Junction.

W: ANTED, two good CUCUMBER HANDS,
alo two good TOMATO HANDS: state age,
and experience. — Apply D. R. STRATFORD.
Nursery, Rayleigh, Essex,

wa £ ‘9 7
Rookery

THE GARDENERS ~

[E
|
|

preferred; state waues.—C, W. BENGIZBR, Nurseryinan,

eov Road, Mitcham.

W ANTE D at oonee, GROWER : keen,
trustworthy : Bedding, Cues., Toms, Herba-

ceous Alpines : wages 30- progressive: rooms, coal,

gas.—WILMSHURST. Granville Nursery, Childs Hil,

N.W.

W ANTED, TOMATO GROWER, Charge
Hand.—W. WHITEHORN, Green Lane Nurseries,

New Eltham. S E.9.

WANTED, a MAN experienced in alpine

and herbaceous plants and. rock. construction, to
take charge.—Apply 1

to N. ጻ. D. Box ጋጋ, ጋ, Tavistock
Street, Covent. Garden, ጓነ.('.2

UNIEN TRANSIT
» Canada, Definite situations Ontario Nurseries ,
large families, with adult girls; Gardeners, Farmhands:
Nurserymen. Sail March, houses ready. — UNION
TRANSIT CO., Glasgow.

GENERAL

W ANTED,
MARKET GARDEN

budding, flower growing, ete.:

CO

NURSERY AND
HAND, used to Rose
good house and garden;

state experience and wages required, J. H. VIRGO &
('()., Hillside Nursery, Walton, Clevedon., Somerset,
with few years

you NG MAN fom Inside.

experience in good places where grown for markets :

must be a capable grower.—Apply with references,
KERRS, LIMITED. Penrith.
EAD SHOPMAN.--Wanted, a well expe-

rienced man of good for seed,
and sundries department :
of taking orders for nursery stock; good window

and salesman.—Full particulars of experience,

appearance

dresser
etc.,

KING'S ACRE NURSERIES, LTD., Hereford.
ANTED, ASSIST: ANT SEED SHOP-

MAN. Apply, stating age, experience and salary

required.—JOHN E. KNIGHT & SON, Seed Specialists,
Wolverhampton.
AY, ee D for Seed and General Trade,
smart JUNIOR. COUNTER HAND: state age
and wage.—PENNELL & SONS, Old Market Place,
Grimsby.
RAV ELLE R, with a connection, wanted,
to represent an old-established firm of Horti-
cultural. Sundries.—State salary and expenses required,
also ground covered, to L. S. Box 55, 3, Tavistock
Street, Covent Garden, W.C, 2

LORIST WANTED, to take entire charge

of leading Dublin florists’ shop:

man of highest character ;

of general nursery trade as well as florist: state fully

where employed since starting business, age, salary.

married or single, when disengaged.—WM. WATSON
& SONS, LTD., Nurseries, Killiney, Co. Dublin.

LORIST wanted, experienced, 10

brisk business; particulars, referenees,

expected to D. R.. Box 61, 3, Tavistock Street,
Garden, W.C.2

SITUATIONS WANTED

PRIVATE.
H EAD GARDENER-BAILIFF
engagement

thoroughly experienced in
staff, accounts, etc.;
excellent references from
9A,

manage

seeks re-
both
control of
being sold;
Mpo BAULK,
S.W.1

departments ;

through estate
late and previous
Road, Balham,

HM GARDENER,.
good

establishments, seeks
experience all branches,
ከ highest references,

—J. S. B. , Box 60, 3,
(Garden, Wo.

ARDE)

man,

past 2 years an
appointment: — lire
successful cultivator and
Diploma: married, age
Tavistock Street, Covent

HEAD. thorough
experience in all
Carnations, ete. ;
highest
Castle

NE 11.
30 years:
Inside and Out, Grapes,
half — years present — situation :
married. — HIGGOTT, — Rockingham
Market Harborough.

~IR JOHN HARRINGTON, K. C. M.G.,
kJ strongly recommends his HEAD GARDEN ER.
estate being sold: — eapable, | experienced organiser,
age 47, married, no family— C. RUSE, Hyde Gardens,
near Luton.

A. CLARKE. LTD.. The Nurseries,
J e Dover, reeommend HEAD GARDENER, thoroughly

practical
branches
six-and-a
rererences,
Gardens,

competent in all departments: — disengaged.—Apply
P. BOOTON, co Mrs. Topley, The Green, Rudding-
ton, Notts,

RN GROWER required with general
knowledie; only experienced need apply: single

bulb
conversant with and capable

to

trained business
good salesman with experience

and wages
Covent

left.

Midmoor

CHRONICLE.

ee See — —— — ——

JANUARY 24, 1096.

— — ——————

* ARDENER, HEAD, two or more, highly
.^ recommended: competent Inside. and Out, ከኑ
eluding alpines. alterations : keen, thoroughly trist-
worthy ; house required. — HORTUS, 16, High Street,
Fareham.

ARDENER, — HE AD. The Right Honour

able LORD CALTHORPE confidently recommends

H. STOWE, who held above ና Sie pn upwards oi

18 years, as highly skilled in all branches of gardening,

and of high character; leaving through sale of estate.—

Addrees, Grosvenor Road, Handsworth, Birmingham.

HS EAD. G. ARDENE R seeks re-engagement,

four: years present place; excellent character,

life | experie ገ ON, Partingdale Lodge, Will
Hill, N.W.7

ARDE NE R. HEAD. highly recommended,
first-class experience all branches, gained at
Brocklesby, Belvoir Castle, Easton. Hall, Lavington Park,
ete.: age 38; methodieal—ERIC GOODEN, Preston
Hall, Maidstone

(v ARDENER, HEAD of two, or SINGLE.

HANDED; life experience, understands electric

light plant: nine years present place, twelve vears

previous: age 48: married, one son 16: excellent

references.— F. HOWSON, The Chalet, — Brookfield,
Lyminster, near Littlehampton, Sussex,

ARDENER. HEAD,
HANDED: life experience,
37, lad 11; disengaged: state wages:
DR AGE, Clipstone, ሺን Harborough.

ARDEN ER seeks sit uation as HEAD or
good SINGLE-HANDED: thoroughly experienced
frult and plants; Inside and Out; excellent. references:

or SINGLE.
horticulture ; married,
good cottage.—

age 3/7: single: 4 years last place as Head.—Apply H.
LEWIS, The Birks. Barnaere, Garstang, Lancs.
GENTLEMAN can thoroughly recom.

A mend a good all-round experienced, reliable and
willing GARDENER, HEAD or SINGLE-HANDED.
with glass: excellent references; married; age 34—
GARDENER, Spreakly, Frensham, Surrey.

HEAD W ORKING, ex
branches; good rele Pen cos 13
last situation, disengaged through property
sold: married, no family. — BURT, Box Lodge.
Willington Hill, near Maidstone, Kent.

( AARDENER, HEAD WORKING, desires

re-engagement where several are kept: life ex-
perience in all branches; personal character it
required: age 40, married.—R. HARRIS, Chinthurt,
Leigh Road, Cobham, Surrey.

ARDENER. HEAD WORKING. thor-
oughly experienced

in controlling and managing
establishment: excellent references, ability,
— Box 62, 5. Tavistock Street, Covent

XYARDENER,

perienced all

years

good
character.— P.
Garde n, WoC.

B. ARDENE H. HEAD WORKING,

tomed to requirements of good. establishment,
42, married, no family: 3 years’ excellent reference
employer.—F. WICKS, Chearsley, Aylesbury, Bucks.

(x HEAD WORKING, seeks

G

accus-
age
froni

ARDE NE R,

situation: life experience. four years present

situation: highly recommended, married, two children.—
TAYLOR, Adwell, Tetsworth, Oxon.

ARDENER, HE AD. D-WO R KI NG. geeks

re-engagement; 16 years pre sent. situation : leaving
through death: life experience in the growing of flowers.
fruits, ete., vegetables, Inside and Out; — personal
references ; disengaged when suited. —HU DD. Farrants
Gardens, Hiekle ekley, Ke nt.

[5 ላፐሮ AGENT

ASTATE Avinhies to highly recom-

4 mend HEAD WORKING GARDENER, thoroughly
competent and practical in all branches, Inside and Qut:
capable, trustworthy manager: age 45. married, highest
references; Apply F. DOBSON. Blyth Hall Gardens.
Rotherham, Notts.

ARDIENER,
rc-engagement ;
ments ; marketing
general management
years. Head: age 40,
ጋ, Tavistock Street,

NARDENIER,

two or more

HEAD WORKING, seeks
life experience in all depart-
of surplus produce and the
of a good establishment ; E
married.—R. W. L., Box 63,

Covent Garden, W.C.2.

HEAD WORKING, where
are kept: life experience, fruit,
flower, and vegetables: age 24: highest testimonials from
past and present employers: married. one child age 2.—
H. FER: ኣ, Toddington, Winchconbe, Glos.

Y ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, The
Right Hon. LORD ABERDARE highly recom-
mends S. LAWRENCE, where three or more kept,
highly skilled in all branches of gardening; [1
years present situation: capable, experienced, qualified
man, excellent character, good supervisor of men,
married, no family. leaving, estate DEINE sold.—
LAWRENCE, Duffryn Lodge, Mountain Ash, S. Wales.
Ta COUNTE)? SS OF STRATHMORE highly
recommends W. BRAGGER as HEAD WORKING
GARDENER: thorough, practical, reliable hard-working
man; 4 years here as Head; leaving own wish; married ;
age 30.—BRAGGER, 6, Barton's Lane, Market Drayton,
Shropshire. |

t

Street,

Jaxvany 24, 1023. THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. xiil.
W. G. PHILLIPPS, Esq.. recommends ARDENER. good SINGLE-HANDED, or | ME. ላ. C. WICKS, Mongewell Park
his Foreman as HEAD WORKING GAR- with help. 15 years" experience Inside and Out: | Gardens, Wallingford, Berks, highly recommends
DENER, thorough practical experience in all branches, married : age 332 no children. Cottage essential; Surrey. | G. BUNTING ኤሎ JOURNEY MAN Inside, — under
gained in good establishments; age 36.—4. H. LANE, preferred. — Particulars: SAY EH, Little Dormans, Ling- foreman; በህር 22; please state wages, with bothy,
Berwick House Gardens, Shrewsbury. fleld, Surrey | address as above, j .
ፐህ W ORKING GARDENER,--F. J. NY ARDENIZR, SINGLE-HANDED or other- | TOURNEYM. AN, Inside, highly recom-
BRIGHT requires situation in good establishment, wise, seeks situation, age 32. married when | ® mended, age 20, bothy preferred.—F. FULTON,
life experience all branches: 5 years present post, leaving suited ; dise ngayed, --3111. ES. Mount Bures, Essex. !. Athallan Gardens, Frimley, Surrey.
by own wish, can show well kept place, noted specimen ማሎ -. E - |
lant grower; 40: married, no family.—Marylands, ARDENE R. experienced, SINGLE- | CAN recommend YOUNG MAN, 21, as
ntley, Hants. HANDED, seeks place, flowers, fruit under glass, | IMPROVER, Inside; can take duty. — Apply
: kitchen garden, poultry: single: references. — GAR- | DURNFORD, Broadhanger Gardens, Petersfield.
Hear ኒኒ ORKING GARDENER, near DENER, 22, New Street, Three Bridges, Sussex. fo —— ——
Oxford, requires situation where several are kept: — MPROVE R, age 18, 2} vears’ experience,
no famity ; life experience; highest references.—R. W. ፐ.. NARDENER. SECOND. or SINGLE- seeks situation, Inside or Out; good references,—
Box 71. 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2 HANDED, seeks situation; life experience Inside MOORE, 212, Walkley Crescent Road. Walkley, Sheffleld.
መ — ሻሚ s . — and Out: knowledge ot poultry, electrie light plant: — ው Moe emi ው መመመ መመ — qure =
GARDENER, HE AD WORKING: four or married, age 21, cxeellent— references.—THOMPSON, C ABBO' Cr, The Gardens, Minterne
more kept; life experience, Inside and Out, in Claremont Gardens, Esher, Surrey. Je House, Dorchester, wishes to strongly recommend
good establishments : excellent references: age 37: married, à; — YOUNG MAN, age 18, Inside, in good establishment ;
one child.—W. G., Box 72. 3, Tavistock Street, Covent ARDENER. »sood SECOND, Inside and very keen and intelligent; bothy preferred.
Garden, W.C. 2. ያ Ont, or HEAD of two or three: age 26; married, TRON YOUTH
ችን no family: years! general experience: excellent. refs.— NG, steady Y requires situa-
AJOR E. QU ILTER recommends A. s. C. T., Box 067, 5. Tivistock Street, Covent Garden, kJ tion under iud Head Gaiden: 3 years’
4 LEET as HEAD WORKING GARDENER: keen W.C. 2, experience in general knowledge at Netherton Hall
all-round man; Head of three; 7 years present situation; FUP OP ot a መ” — — Gardens, as third; good references and character,
47, married.—Apply A. LEET, Garden Cottages, Belstead, N R. €. S. ORWIN wishes. strongly to re- aged 18: Inside and Out preferred.—SHURV ELL,
Ipswich. DENT commend J. E. PRISCOTT as UNDER-GAR- Tedbridge, Farway, Colyton, Devon.
ERE ርን F RC EP e OP NS NER: age 20; five years in present situation. with
EAD W ipid GARDENER otf pos om rahing — ae ant Hower garden; strong AD, age 16, seeks situation under good
or more; age 37; life experience, capable, ame an Willing, with excellent character.—Apply J. E. . . . : —
trustworthy: good ritcrniven = Particulars to H. ላ. W, PRISCOTT, Woodcombe, Minehead, Someni WOODS. Tuffnhall tevbnage ee eee id

Box 68, à, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2

N R. A. E. FRIEND wishes to recommend

his General Foreman as HEAD WORKING
GARDENER: thorough experience gained in good
establishments; married when suited.—H. BUNTING,
Danesfield Gardens, Marlow, Bucks.

G ARDENER, HEAD WORKING. or
SINGLE-HANDED, desires post, 17 years
experience, splendid references: cottage required ;

married when suited: Surrey preferred , not essential.—
WHINNETT, 17, Cottage | Grove, Surbiton, Surrey.

ARDENER. HEAD WORKING or good

SINGLE-HANDED, life experience. Inside and
Out, good references; married, age 46. family grown
up: near London preferred.—D. COLWELL, Eversholt,
near Bletchley.

EADWORKING GARDENER, or SINGLE

HANDED desires post ; married, girl ?: good
references. — B. PARKER, Myrtle Cottages, Codicote,
Welwyn, Herts.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING , or good
SINGLE-HANDED; highly recommended; life
experience: 3 years here ; married; age 33, one child:
a D The Cottage, 60, Stamford
Hill, N.16.

(3 HEAD WORNKINCG, or good

SINGLE-HANDED:; experience Inside and Out;
age 34, married, one child: well recommended; cottage
essential: — FRYER, Claremont Gardens; Welholme
Avenue, Grimsby.

(1 ER HEAD WORKING, or good

SINGLE-HANDED: life experience. Inside. and
Out: married, two children; age 32.—W. JOHNSON,
26, Grantham Street, Rossington, Doncaster.

(3 ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, or
ጃ SINGLE-HANDED: all-round experience, incidi
rock garden: also electric light: married. —W. E.
BRIDGEMAN, Maidwell, Northampton.

GING tLE-HANDED> GARDENER. married,
KJ 35; two children, ages 9 and 11 years; wife would
help in house: 6 years’ reference.—W. MITCHELL.,
Effingham Hill. Dorking, Surrey.

(15 A SINGLE-HANDED or other-
wise, requires situation; life experience, good
refs.,: married, no family: cottage required.—G. A. N.,
Box 65, 5.

Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.?.
ARDENER, good SINGLE-HANDED. or
otherwise; life experience, Inside and — Out;
excellent reís.; age 27: married: no familyv.—
H. HARLING, B.GA.. 23, Upton Park, Slough, Bucks.

( | ARDENER. SING L E. HANDE D. or where

another man or two are kept: good experience,
good references, single.— R. T. B., Box 74, ጋ, Tavistock
Covent. Garden, W.C.2

ARDE NE R. SINGLE-HANDED. — seeks
situation : life experience Flowers, Fruits, and
Vegetables: knowledge of car and electric plant ;
married, age 230, one child; good refs.—W. SAYER,
The Cottage, Aldenham Vicarage, near Watford, Herts.

QUINGLE- GARDENER,

LINGLE. HANDE D TET
ኦ wanted; good all-round man, middle aged, no
family ; — references ; life experience.—Address,

M. H.,
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.
SINGLE - HANDED,
experience, incide and Out:
good references ;

situation : ;
Cottage, Shilton, Burford,

Box 70,
G ARDENER,
J

situation ; life
gaged: 6 wears last
sin-zle.—?. KRING, Rose

seeks
disen-
age BN,
Oxon

Inside or (:eneral ;
disengaged.—W. SMITH,
Frome, Somerset,

poRE MAN or SECOND.
age 34: life experience ;
Little Green, Mells,

OREMAN seeks — situation, Inside or
general, experienced in all branches, good references,
married, no children, age 29: Yorkshire preterred,—
INGLEDEN . Gargrave House Gardens, Gargrave,
Leeds.
ARDENER requires situation,
GARDEN or SINGLE-HANDED: life experience,
good references, married, age 41; N. በ፻ N.W. London
preferred.—ALLEN. 4, Ulysses Road, West Hampstead,

KITCHEN

London.
7 ITCHEN GARDENER, 8} years) ex-
perience, excellent references; married when
suited; age 25 —GREEN, 32, East Street, Sudbury,

Suffolk.
R. A. Ww. VASS can Condens recom-
mend C. HARE to anyone requiring the
services of a good, experienced KITCHEN GARDENER

and pleasure grounds, ete. :
here; 6 previous ; honest
single. Please state wages
The Gardens, 4, Hall Road,

4 vears' excellent reference
and industrious; age 28,
with bothy ፡ disengaged.—

Regents Park, X. W. 8.

(ህ. DENT experienced
Xx pleasure grounds; clean car;
light, ete., abstainer, references, married —CHARLES
BARNES, Buekatree, Wellington, Salop.

IRST JOURNEYMAN seeks

Inside or Inside and Out; good
State wages.—R. MASKHREY, Carsington,
Derbyshire.

kitchen garden,
knowledge — electric

situation,
refs. single,
Wirksworth,

EO. SMITH, Sinishorawels

Y stafford, recommends F. THORNS,

JOURNEYMAN, twelve months here,

reduction ; good refs.—THORNS, 39,
Horsham, Sussex.

M E WENMAN. Hiekleton

A cean with confidence recominend
K. CHURCH as FIRST JOURNEYMAN, Inside, in
good establishment: age 23: 2 vears here; London
district preferred.— Wages, with bothy. ete. Apply
K. CHE RCH.

Gardens,
23, as FIRST
left owing to
'Plummers Plain,

Gardens.,

OURNEY MAN N Tnside, wants

years

e change to DR Grounds, age 23: state
wages, — H. HAMBLIN, Cowdray Park = Gardens,
Midhurst, Sussex,

OURNIZYMAN, 22, seeks situation 1.1

e Public Gardens: has had eight years experience

on private estate,; London — district. — preferred.— A.

SANTON, Wadue “ሸሽ Gardens, Aylesbury,

E ነ FULLER. Lavineton Park Gardens,
d» Petworth, confidently recommends S. LONG as

JOURNEYMAN, Inside, in good situation: strong, and

willing to learn; 3 years here, Inside and Out ; aged 18:

please state particulars,

OUC RNIZY MAN, Inside, seeks situation 111
e West Herts., or near; age 20: 24 years present.
place: well recommended.—4A. WILFORD, Paxhill
Gardens, Lindfield, Sussex.

TOURNEY MAN seeks situation in Kitelien
e garden under Foreman: good reference; በጀ" 22;
able to. take duty; bothy preferred. —A. LEE, The
Gar lens; Sf, Clero, Kemsing, Sevenoaks, Kent.

YOWMAN - GARDENER requires situation ;
/ married; understands Jerseys; good butter maker;

S we a scythe; age 31.—BRINKWORTH, Bromham,
ilts.

ANTED, constant employment as

GARDEN LABOURER, rough digging, etc.:
any part country.—LEADBETTER, c/o Doctor Datta,
Preswylfa House, Tylorstown, Glamorganshire.

ears’ experience, in
TRAVELLER for seeds-
p-to-date in all branches;
GEON, Hawkwell Lane,

ATANAGER, 30

M general nursery LE
man or landscape work;
excellent references.—E. 'ዖበ
Rochford, Essex.

ANDSCAPE MANAGER seeks post with

good firm; excellent designer and draughtsman:
thorough knowledge all styles: experience best firms:
perspective, surveying, quantities, costing, and super-
vision.—FLOREAT, Box 69, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C, 2.

YURSERY MANAGER seeks position of

trust; 25 years’ experience all branches; expert

florist, landscape, correspondence, travelling —BLACK-
BOURN, Clive House. Alnwick.

መመመ: — — — — — — —ñ— — — — —— — —

N ANAGING FOREMAN, by practical
1 grower: Toms., Cues., Chrysanths., Arums, cut
stuff in large quantities : outdoor crops for "market ; good
references: used to large amount of glass; single: state
wages.—WOODS, High Street, Hartford, Huntingdon.

ES LANDSCAPE FOREMAN desires
4 engagement; artistic and tastefully prepared plans
accurately and speedily carried out; ten months im-
portant. work just completed and passed by horticultural

expert; age 35; refs.. ete.,on application.—R. PEACOCK,
60, Cloister Road, Childs Hill, N.W. 11.
DV ERT ISER, 37, wants situation in

Po General Nursery : good experience, Bulbs, Chrys.,
Bedding Stuff. Toms., Cues., ete., etc. —"HAMBERS, 24,
College Street, Grantham.

A DVERTISER, possessing sound knowledge
ፈ of the bulb business, with many years’ practical
experience in all branches, wants post where energy
and ability would be appreciated ; methodical, good
organiwer, correspondent, and OOk-keeper. —BULBS,
Box 73, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

ሚሜ... TRADE.--YOUNG MAN, 4 years’
ኒ experience, horticulture and counter, desires change,
not clock watcher r; refs., wages £3.—D. B. G., Box 74,
5. Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2

5,

situation: last 12
b months with Ramshaw's, Sunderland, previous 4
years Barr and = Sons, Covent Garden; seeds, bulbs,
sundries: 20 years garden and farm seedgman and corn

“HOPMAN

requires

merchant ; age 48; wages ከን -; disengaged when suited;
references as above.—TOVEY, 11, Chatsworth Street,
Sunderland,

OUNG MAN, 21. requires post as

JUNIOR CLERK in office of Florist or Nursery-
man, near fondon.—J. MANNING, 51, Burney Avenue,

Surbiton.
ASTATE CARPENTER seeks situation,
4 nursery or mansion; also plumbing, hot water,
painting and glazing, ete.; 10 years good ref. ; disengaged.

—c 0 BADGER, 37a, Upeerne Road, Chelsea, S. W. 10,

xiv. THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE. Jantary 24, 1923

MESSENGER & Co. LTD., LOUGHBOROUGH,

Horticultural Builders and Heating Engineers.
LONDON OFFICE: 122, VICTORIA STREET, WESTMINSTER, S.W.1.

Experience extending over more than For Heating Ranges of Glasshouses our
Half a Century enables us to include QUORN SECTIONAL BOILER
all that is best in the design and equip- is economical in first cost, in fixing, and
ment of Glasshouses in fuel consumption. |
Estimates free. Interviews by appointment ማው re : b. diss — ibid
in any part of the country. Contracts undertaken for complete Installations.

aA eae KIRK'S La | WILLIS BROS.’ SOMETHING NEW
Vine Plant and Vegetable Foods Rese | Garden Fertiliser! SUNSHINE

— wen cannot be disputed.

R MN THE BEST ON THE MARKET
« bes ar or a 0801! . 66 & 99
ን. NO STABLE MANURE REQUIRED. | | AA Yellow - Pink
. None Genuine. — this Registered ds digging bs Or M a — Bremer For S p
P tchen Gardens or Herbaceous Dor W
I cwt., 18/-; 41-cwt., 8/- ; 281bs., 5/- ; 814 10/- eet ea.
per ton. All Carriage Paid. PLANT

MATS! MATS! MATS! ይ
New Russian Mats, 7 ft. by 3 ft.6 in., 14/8 doz. “ SUNSHINE ” in your Garden

New Hessian Mats, oft. by 4 ft. 6 in., af each, | | Buy it from your Seedsman
Dressed Canvas Covers, prices on application.
VINE BORDER COMPOUND.

COARSE ... for New Borders.
Ie Mark አ ያ Aa Dey: FINE .. for Renovating Old Borders. )
Sold by all Seedemen, or from the sole makers : 25/- per cwt. £24 per ton. Carriage Paid.

KIRK & CO. For New Vine Borders—To each cart load of

40, Timber Bush, LEITH, N.B. good fibrous loam, add }-cwt. Compound
| = 1 bushel Stick Charcoal, and mix

roughly.
Established 1823. Telephone : 1026 Addlscombe. For Renovating Old Borders—Remove as much Wholesale Manutactur ers
SOUTH LONDON HORTICULTURAL STORES as possible of the surface soil without damag-

ing the roots, and mix j-cwt. Vine Border of over 100 proprietary specialities

H. SCOTT & SONS’ Compound with each ton good Fibrous Loam
Improved Ne - ~~ [ጠመ Sand WINTER WASH ter Fruit Trees. ton tne (zardan:
This is prepared from the recipe of a cele-
for destroying H.SCOTT | use p Ib. brated Canadian Apple Grower, who is noted A
Mosa and Weeds, SONS to the square for his clean fruit and orchards. 1 gal., 10/-;
on Lawns | SAND, | yard 5 BEI. ማዓ Cans included, Carriage paid. Write for detailed illustrated catalogue to:
| | | GARDEN SUPPLIES AT LOWEST PRICES.
Tennis Courts, 255'DE 24 - pe "mos
RISO Pie a ho Write for our list of Garden Manures and JOSEPH BENTLEY LIMITED
ete. A23 ner ton. Horticultural Sundries. Free on application. ]
SCOTT'S LAWN MANURE (use 1 15. to every 4 square Chemical Works
yards, 19 - per cwt.; £18 per ton. WILLIS Bros. (HARPENDEN) Ltd.
SCOTT'S VINE AND PLANT MANURE. 24.- per cwt. ; HARPENDEN. HERTS. BARROW - ON - HUMBER, HULL.

£20 per ton (carriage paid).

EFFICIENT BOILERS Iieseoel

FOR GREENHOUSE HEATING
ROCHFORD & BISSON TUBULAR BOILERS ¢
SECTIONAL BOILERS— -HOT-WATER PIPES
Hot-Water Valves Ventilating Gear

Awarded Gold Medal Royal International Exhibition 1912.

Heating Apparatus erected in any part of the Kingdom
FORTY YEARS’ EXPERIENCE

_CHAS. P P. KINNELL & Co. Ltd. EXE 4 QWOUEPER LONDON S.E. 1

Printed by H. M. POLLETT & Co,, LTD., Fann Street, London, E.C. 1, and. 1, and published. weekly by D GARDENERS" CHRONICLE, LTD., 5. Tavistock street,
Covent Garden, W.(C. 2. Saturday. January 24.

Phone: ፡ 362 (three lines).

7 x TN rH "as "d 1 ual P. £ .
— = v b é 1 “UE
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| WEBB. & $ ONS; Ltd., The King's Seedamen

* '08ፐ REM 74.
AE — at New York Prat Office ax second.claes. matter. |

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- ክሷ Manure Manufacturers, STOURBRIDGE ብ

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11.

SALES BY AUCTION.

-— — — — — — — — — — — — ——— —

Wednesday Next, February 4th,
IMPORTANT TRADE SALE OF

Spring and Autumn-flowering Bulbs,
Including Cases of GLADIOLUS, EARLY and
LATE - FLOWERING ; DOUBLE and SINGLE
BEGONIAS, GLOXINIAS, HARDY LILIES in
SPIRAEAS, LILY - OF - THE - VALLEY»
HELLEBORUS, ANEMONES,

Large quantities of
Roses and Herbaceous Plants, Fruit Trees, etc.,
together with
Consignments of
BAY TREES, PALMS, AZALEAS, ASPIDISTRAS,
RHODODENDRONS, etc., from Belgium.

ጓ[ PROTHEROE & MORRIS
~ will sell the above at their SALE ROOMS,

67 & 68, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.C. 2
Catalogues post free on application.

variety,

etc.,

SLOUGH.

Expiration of Lease of a Branch Nursery.
Clearance Sale ofj

5,000 STANDARD AND BUSH APPLES
AND PEARS,
CURRANTS AND GOOSEBERRIES,
STANDARD ORNAMENTAL AND FLOWERING
TREES AND SHRUBS,

AUCUBAS, HOLLIES, YEWS, and a quantity
of Large Trees for Poles, etc.

ESSRS. PROTHEROE & MORRIS
will sell the above on the Premises,

THE NEW FIELD, SLOUGH ROAD, LANGLEY,

By order of Mr. C. Turner (whose lease of
this ground has expired),

on

Wednesday & Thursday, February lith & 12th,

at 12 o’clock each day.
Catalogues on the Premises, at

On View. the
pi al Nurseries, Slough, Nd. of the Auctioneers, 67
68, CHEAPSIDE, E.C.

BUSINESSES FOR SALE.

UBREY & CO, Nurserymen's Agents,
90, Newgate Street, London, E.C.1, offer Nursery
and Jobbing Business in residential town, Herts.

acre Land with 360 ít. run of glass. Rent only £47;

et off, £2 2s. weekly. Price for Glasshouses and Stock,
complete, £450; £100 could remain. Four rooms
available.

UBREY & CO. offer high- class Nursery-
4. mans’, Florists’ and Landscape Gardeners’ Business
in wealthy south-coast town. Premises comprise Shop
and 10 Glasshouses (410 ft. run) in excellent condition.
Rent £70 on Lease. Price for Lease and Stock, complete,
£790. Good residence adjoining can be had. E xceptional
አ ይ ክክል for practical man.

UBREY & CO. offer aral Freehold Nursery,
Po near Bath, comprising 3 acre, house, 7 rooms, gas
and main water ; also 210 ft. run of glass. Price,
complete, including stock. only £000,

— — FREEHOLD NURSERY for
Sale as a going concern, owing to sudden death

owner. Bungalow, 4 rooms, ete.; 3 glasshouses,
2 00 square feet: frames, 400 square feet; stokehouse,
sheds, ete. Fronting on main road and close to main
line railway station. 3 acres; good loamy soil;
fruit trees, etc. ; just coming into full profit ; part
purchase money can remain on mortgage.—Apply for
particulars to GRAHAM, Morden House. Billingshurst.
NO agents.

THE GARDENERS’

| JOHN

PROPERTY FOR SALE.

FOR SALE WITH POSSESSION.
* Sharpitor" near Salcombe, S. Devon.
Unique in England

as to climate for growing tropical and sub-
tropical plants, its garden being practically
immune from frost.

It is situate 300 ft. above sea level, hang-
ing over the entrance to Salcombe harbour
and commands the most exquisite views over

land and sea with a wonderful Panorama of
Salcombe estuary.

Even through winter are to be found in
full bloom, Fuchsias, Banksias, Clianthus (red
and white), Hoheria Populnea, Agapanthus,
etc.; in earliest. spring Magnolia Campbelli

and Mimosa in great variety, and the garden
is full of Bamboos, Eucalyptus, Dracaenas,
Palms, and many other rare plants and trees
including Australian, New Zealand and Cape
varieties. The garden and grounds extend to

about 4 acres and run right down to the
sca. The residence is beautifully built. and
htted, and has a Southerly aspect.

The accommodation comprises :—

Lounge Hall, ን Fine Reception rooms,
Elegant Billiard room (panelled in genuine

old oak), 7 Best Bed and Dressing rooms,
3 Bathrooms, fine domestic offices, 4 Servants’

Bedrooms, ፍር.
Electric light, Central Heating, Excellent

Water Supply, and perfect Sea Drainage.
There are 2 fine Cottages, large garage,
Power and Battery storage houses, ፍር.
For further particulars apply to

L. H. PAGE, Estate Agent, SALCOMBE.

PROPERTY TO LET.

NENTLEMAN offers walled KITCHEN.
ጃ GARDEN, with glass, good living rooms. ground
for poultry, near London, in return for well maintaining
small grounds and supplying vegetables, ete.. for
house.—H. C., — 80. 5, Tavistock Street, Covent.
Garden, W.C.

PARTNERSHIPS, FINANCIAL,
ዲር.

ARTNERSHIP required to purchase in
established Nursery and Horticultural Business
in the Midlands: highest references given and required.
pag in first instance to R. ከ. COLBOURNE
HOMPSON, ኾ.ጳ.1., 7, Church Street, Warwick.

ARTNERSHIP, Working, required, in

progressive nursery in midland county; full parti-

culars to A. B., Box 76, 5», Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

Y ROW ER Or PARTNER መ ፡ ‘ean

some capital, to manage market nursery, south

coast :

Box 93,

tomatoes, Cues, ete., house available.—C ee l'AL.
5 Tavistock street, Covent Garden, W.C.

NOTICES.

e-

I OYAL GARDENERS’ ORPHAN FUND.
—Notice is hereby given that the Annual General
Meeting of the Subscribers to this Fund will be held at
** Simpson's,"" 100, Strand. London, W.C., on Wednesday,
February 11, 1925, for the purpose of receiving the
Report of the Committe e and Statement of Accounts. for
the past year; to elect Officers for the ensuing vear:

to elect. ten Children to the benefits of the Fund: and
to transact such other business as may arise. The Chair
wil be taken at three p.m. By Order, GEO. F.
TINLEY, Secretary, 19, sjedvord Chambers, — Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.
1tARDENERS should begin the
New Year well ከሃ joining the British
Gardeners’ Association.—Full particulars, stamp, from
WEALHERS, Park View, Isleworth.

_ CHRONICLE. _

TANTARY 31, 1925.

FOR SALE

PLANTS, &c.,

Small Classified Advertisements. Twenty wori
(or three lines including headline) 4s., and 1s,
for every succeeding eight words (or line or pari
of a line). Fee for having replies addressed ts
this office, 1s. | Displayed advertisements, 85.
per inch, or 108. facing editorial mater.

{HOW AND REGAL PELARGONIUMS
እኒ J The most brilliant and gorgeous colours. Buy ma
for a lovely display in the early summer. Strong pen
from 3-inch pots in 12 separate named varietie. .-
Newer and more scarce varieties, 12/-, 15/-, and 1፡።፤ pe

dozen (all our own selection), sent free by parcels px
for cash or in leatherboard pota by passenger train, :.
per dozen extra.

Dahlias, pot roots, Cactus, Decorative, Pomp:
and Collarette. all at 6;- per dozen, all separate nan-
varieties (our own selection). Will make fine carl
plants grown on under glass.

Plumbago capensis, favourite greenhouse cliniler.
lovely blue shade, !/-. Plumbago capensis alba, l..
Sent free per Parcels Post when 5- and upwards in
value for cash with order (except plants in po
Catalogue free, orders under 5- 61. extra for lex ani
postage.—J. W. COLE & SON, Westwood Nureris,
—

ERNS! CALADIUMS '!_Begonias, Palms,

Crotons. Dracaenas, Gloxinias, Hydrangeai.
Geraniums, ችማ Lili Ferns and How to Grow
Them, or E. Smith, 53/6 t free.—SMITH.
Loadon Fern ን on ,W.9.

1 0በ,0 0 LARGE GARDEN

30/- 100, variety; wanted
e Aspidistras for dividing. Catalogues
TH, Fernery, London, S.W.9.

IMA LAYAN, Chinese and other Rhodo-

dendrons on their own roots. Shrubs, Alpines.
and border poa Aquatics, Lilles, ete. Write for
Liasts.—G. RE É, Keston, È Kent.

USH PRUNUS PISSARDII, 3 to 4 ft.,
Hs doz.; Ceanothus G. de V. and M. Simon, 2-

FERNS.
1.000
free.—

doz. ; anese Maples in variety, 42/- doz. — VM.
BIGNEL: & SON, — N. 6.
ft. to 5 ft.; P

F? TONGLISH YEWS, 1
d

stocks.—WM. BIGNEL & SON, Highgate, 5

ELLADONNA LILY ; monster Bulbs, per

doz. 10'6: first size, 8/-; second size, 95-.
third size, 2;6, post free. so far as unsold.—WM.
POWER & Co, Waterford, Nurserymen and Seed
Merchants.

EoI TREES, Japanese and European
Larch, Douglas and Silver Fir, Sitka Spruce, etc.:
grand stuff. Also Thorn Quicks and Privet. Catalogue
free.—WM. POWER & CO., Waterford, Nurserymen and
Seed Merchants.

[Rise SEED POTATOES, Certified Stocks.
Prices on application.—WM. POWER & CO., Water-
ford, Nursery men and Seen Merchants.

—À

JOTATO ONIONS, Bond hand: picked bulbs
per box of 10 lbs., post free, 8/-.—WM. POWER
& CO., & CO., Waterford, Nursery men and Seed Merchants.
1 በ; GLADIOLI for 8s. 9d., post paid.
The most dazzlingly brilliant flowers on earth.
with spikes of blooms 18 ins. long; 12 each of 9 kinds
(108 bulbs), all separately packed and named, for S. Xl.
post paid; half lot, 45. 9d., post paid (cultural in-
structions and beautifully illustrated Flower and Vege-

table Catalogues included).—R. KAY & CO. Goodmayes
Road, Goodmayes, Essex,

EGONIASN AND GLOXINIAS. —- Kay 5
prize strain with blooms often measuring 8 ins.
across: a collection of 12 Single and 12 Double Begonias.
also 6 Gloxinias—all separately packed. and named, with
cultural instructions and illustrated catalogues, for 6s. 3d.,
post paid: half lot, 3s. 6d., post paid.—R, KAY « CO.
Goodmaves Road, Goodmaves, Essex.

LANTS FOR FORCING.

l Ltd., offer Azalea Indica and mollis, Acers,

Deutzias, Genistas, Hydrangeas, Daburnum Vossi d,

Valley. Liliums, ^ Lilaes, — Rhododendrons, Spiraea,

Wisterias, ete., grown in pots.—156, Finchley Road, N.W,
AEONIES.—We

12 very best sorts,

doz. —MORLE «

MORLE & CO..

Almonds,

offer strong
1: - doz:
('() as above,

( Y L ADIOLUS in 35 best named varieties :

econias—onr — celebrated Gold Medal large
flowering, in 6 colours : lists free.—MORLE
& CO., as

clumps in
De Iphiniums ditto.
9;-

———

separate
above,

ውሉ ችዬ

¥

E: | nate imtparfatione at Rare 3
::::ዜ.:.ታ... prices :811. “tig —— vurietos - nz Ate <=
96. dece MOKLE: axo AC AS shave, —

= E ži —

LAMER K dh ኣኔ አከ የ668: Seratliies, »
CE abe i ace eae welat — EN Sida. Munt.
MICAT trinm mad. 2598 Bix) SE
E Piik, 49. grr do. ጋን HS 7 Un
Umi. rien CMS Sume

>= — መጻ.

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OEMS. ^nrdérs. 40-7 i
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| ዘናርለጸሃ 31. 1099. | THE. GARDENERS

t€ — — i vine:

Tiwa Lust Ape Aa
9:1... enrages - Aorivári ;
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"ul ዬ ይእ.

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LONS VACANT

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aa, hited: is. fon: wiry: —— (uh. tera: (e. E
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—* Ve A NOTET LS du TRIA — — aoi. no npeu filters to ever ay parce nnd e ues. ? ረ)

E - ጋ ን "mE Automate; A^ eure. pi ud atta inadite o WILLIAM :- ዝል.

MAR PLEAS, 15. yum Bulbs. 1
: — SR a yhbrids, UP AS Baines
lien Bond, cEiuidloy: SARPY.

= m ስች — - መ — — —

EA S 8፡6የቦክ Seed 5ቹጻ868- Price Hac j mM
poe Bk. a CO, ራደ - Uie

= — — — e ~

oS s HUBARE Rats. Tinmpazae 16 - à
ut i - westeofanged: var. strong planting. COWS 6 dows, oa

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SE

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568845. በ ondes. ከ80, Mites.

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* B 4 wt 4 ^ ይ c» "y A v
ንም " A sir

— f m መው

x — ——

PLANTS, A — WANTED.

ው ረ ፍዳ ተ ያ

E AN DOD: PNE- eit phen: gi "fibt ge der
Caer ie Pegani fer - ‘propagating Price’ Mer
dzen WW IREF, R. Tyotton. Belle, Mie

— — —

W? ANTEN. 5 quw y inet Rat * PRIPEDIUMS:
"rust ble. pries 7 ertitularts~ ዝነ. ane ra

pdt Belttolünr. - -iohveirer laiótatuiim. hybride. — Full: !
Dpurtieuitzs. and. pripes\ ob. .'፻.. dy MEA. MN. Pu as "a
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Xm ፅሜ Yer “Garden. R s te — Jens. rem dr

: org 891. quc

Tor. freak and:
EE 4o] LAW! RE

“Garden Frame. Fo. 26 qon
Preises da Fullinos, Mehr: fus
ONE GREAT PP. BE. 44 ae 4o

nd ‘other Roks nel - (Gardens s - Xt. | heme p :

abhi: tor." Te E ralis Nottingham: የሃ EN.
-gimall - "quaniities Lu. የመ a du fried Ral

869 dn Enprime =. HO oS

Castlegate, Nottingham: GA

Dm VING. Jon isse

| 51 ea hia THE her. 207855.

585 arap 1 ie ፡ PAGES:

MeL 5596866941: 38ሺ Y
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quete ren, Tm, ensi Jantet Berandi fiov fle =
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forle. Areado, -Taisan Mat ne.

HEAD AY IRE: S QUAE. for: avery. training. Er

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[dines Tota betidon; iist ከቦ conpetent in vexettiblés :-
DS agmderta ls: i work, io 81... 18፡ Iun tic plain CROKE © 2

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| "Kel 38683, :

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SLE-HANDE 21) GAR.
XM ENRE. ፕክድ e nd. Out. for ——
Pah urgeri central. Heating. mood 3 cottage: provided i
ite ax PETETA LITINA vonditintis. - and wages expected...

ቋር ዘክ እስር. tayaan, (Gardin:

ፍሎ ር.ዴ wy È — s
E: — — — — —

Bes n- EARD RDE ENER ETER, “imma”
5.1 iel pee ‘with outdoor Roses, climbing plants, -
ss T TEAR 18 hathy.- Hilt. “pointe: coal amid.
FORAY "- በ፲፤፻፣።ባ፪ ho family: wie to attend 2 nien:
ID: "partic ats 4 LNPTENORE,. aene anena)
Nodha, Devan, 77 c4: —

— d — — መሙ — x

| ANTED. SECOND: GARDENEN ር —

dide 489: PE — EA «481 a
Hp $5258 ns

Rein vols TOS

ነና ANTED. SECONL AEX ችማ R ደ F
Tentet kitehit garden. - ftit, berba: is héroe, es
een "nnd: enenm tie, HoE ity every (miti werk)
iiy wing fuh part 18418). Ayperi, HER EXE
ኣዝዙ WS ፡ — SERRE: nsa Um: :
datos boe A. Vra ርጋል P

TASTEN. "SÉDOXDI Rieke Eanan ከ0.

35850 93 2 duse? ክቧ cul enum ED s
quid Une o

CREAN R Tu br - anie ጋ
- Barnet. — — መድ

— — — — "ታፍ: m ቀ

WwW. — ነ; d UNDER GXRDENE AB ENDS 2

saan. - sat cioar #፤ከክጴዞ5ህ፥ ings “Pits ub didtur *
fxpe lanes nul. awaze HEAD. ኩላ — BR; ይመከመ- ;
Bt LENER: Mos See

-38ቦነሃቦዮ,‹- የ911. ከ48
Ce teres. “and Db purpzulets. to oS Xy ከ ና. a
5. Pvigtetek Ate: Covent "Guden. A vet PS

ES DÜREMAN. KT ETE fnr. ZNobtenar
3. in relma,- #ር8ቨክኮ8።ር4...)). print 5
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C 311: : fBist- — —— ሠ. rtp DX
Muse nes: AX inithester, ^: : *

W TANTE D FO HEM ANC) TUN. E “መመመ

Puts — — af decorative plants, € 'ከዐዚክት,
i ደበር ቪ Street. 1:0፡.6!. iute

AT ANO 89:9). CEOREMA nx C mae “
c M An ende. 25. p^ pirine With x Sears; - [ገዘኔ5.,

EVI niet "Pes cites. 088 - እከባህ90:: o deroniting ;;.- WEES:
s ea D

Yo Bc at. anthi: Momo. Jimin be
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17. $

— —

- ->

»

| SOW NOW to bloom in Joly and Angus.

BLACKMORE |
LANGDON'S.

WORLD: “RENOWNED.

BEGONIA SEEDS |

73 Gold. Medals. | 22

^ DOUBLES cnc cán. equal alis Yar. |

size and: 398818. form and. |

quality,
zy አአ of flowers. EU

2/6 and 5- per packet: |

ን SINGLE.—01 wonderful size and form.

Ve, 216 and 5,» per packet,

; | | FRILLED SINGLE 4 beautiful selection, :
lI 1/-, 2/6 and 5- per. packet.

| CRESTED. SINGLE v ery fasana tiik
: 126 and 5,

NOTEI.. Trilled Mni ipea
26 per packet. ,

ብ : HANGING BASKET... ^ rend: novelty, |

— : Very: Pan
d 14. 6, 26 and d per packet.

/GLOXINIA SEED.

Mixed, 18 “most beautiful selection | —
colour. 1:6, 26 and. 5 per packet.

— prices of tubers of abo e and other-
. specialities, trite for Ie ca መበ aut.
mention this paper.

BATH.

— —
7

per packet. |
: CRISPA,. MARGINATA - Delightful

THE. G | RDENE RS

; Per ie doe ን pE b

— M 7l i — — —— 24:22 ጋ —— —

— — — —

POTATOES ብ

— — ው 5 ሠ RECON AC —— — — —4

— ——— — —

እረ. 4 — h እ
፻ ነረ ሮመ C ^ n A b
; 3 ፡ r
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| ' n - : j
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y ነ ` ' ም 5 č “cp a ty P
( $ v» m
"8 4 . E s SA. ,
A ያ *
a d s F r: HH i PORC
* * Y Eh fna 2
፡ 1 1 * M^ - አ ደከከ:2፡: እ ጎላ -
nS D^ Tu s ፦ * -

CHRO NICLE.

— —

The largest podded Pea ever 289680
7 Huc üi qm;

X2 2 a 43 »peds
| Ue yuti

an mnviispensable
Cm: P^ Ls Un የ ያሆ These
Peak ard >

Ruth hos t ያዝ REN, 1 (d ido A s fei —

JANUARY 31, 152;

— ——— — — — ] J'—O 9 — — — — — es

SUTTONS
V.C.

^A YA EXIT: Ae

barge. £ An :
OX Fete iud Hooper #3 J

eee par is nevertheless

exhibit (ori.

"And: the | raga ent.

pedt: "prolusvon;- conum
viri.

varcetss dor

nest: cart Hex pese

'ሩ ten. hr ያ "2

nr gurien ላያ።ዊቫ5
ሞያ yee

_SuTTON ል SONS KOR READING.

OAUSTNS

* chee
ር groin

poses. : 2 ae:
AIL the best. vaneties, ፤ ን
cluding the
lea Duke |
= Hill Early, Ally,

19285

CATALOGUES : Abundance, Arran Chief, |
len ር Kerr’ 5 Pink, King Edw ard, et
HAVE you: Majestic, and sang my ald ES.
YOUR COPY? Ferfeefian, :

USTIN ይ MeASLAN

— ——

The Premier Scottish "Seedsmen since 3 ny :

— —

—

89 Mitchell St. GLASGOW, C. 1. |

— e i — — M PNE

:ይ WEED

E 1) R EKA NE ;

፡'ያዉርህክጸ SAVERS. “EUREKA” Lawn SANG, 360i LP:
y NIGOTIHE, In SECTICLOES. Fests Somers dep Cra CREMITALS '
8* iwo Sunon Ste st. PATAI, ASK VOLS —— ;
ATVGA KS ~ THE? $94 aware WATIS EKETA oO NY DIFFICUETY

የዳ 3258/#869ሀዛ6:- WE SNO OMM ECT. CAM ANGE Raab o *

NULLA LL ALL FaMi Sth & Hariwang ira "TITIUS

a —

ros [eros aur re)
"aid |

selected for seed pi.

following : |
፡ Rose, Jin Ash- ||
York mS
— s das. W itch ኮፄ፡
“Arran Rok ast
Comrade, British Queen,
Great Scot, King George, ኪነ

Fs r Konger reputation for ‘quality,

SWEET PEAS FOR 1925.

| Gorgeous. Flowers. — Stems.”

Vora “wealth: of init Howes S

Por garden devorat ib መች
For Exhibition 7

ECRFORHD'S ARE THE WORLD'S

Eckford’s Giant Frihed Sweet Peas tor
separate amd unwed,
. የፀበክሾ. The: Vime 5 alt queketa fot: 10- — —

PEAS, as follows, for
Tange oC colour. -

EXHIBITORS COLLECTION -

ል.--.4ቦ manificent Jnly monsters, |

— —

— — —

|
|
E
l

dust I

pr SPECIAL -0፻፻፪፳--:> specially Chosen ቾኡ-.: mekas s —
ሣ 1925 sd ¥ *
for.20 -. 3 beautitul. J a E

OTHER COLLECTIONS OF GIANT FRILLED “sweet I
for 1925, contain è wondetiut Ber.
Alb strom growers enlfable Tort -

OFFERS purpease-tor “ባኪ decoration, tor "emu —
and ከዛ exhibition: Écc
THE AMATEUR COLLECTION.

a) ዘለበት ከ81 monsters, . :
- 20 seeds of varh, separate and uml, ne |

a0 seeds of eieh, Separate: and diat ite i das

8. --36 ከበሄበ(1(8(፤ | ሰበነ! mosters

DU አርብ OF enel. separate. nd nyme 128 g

ቦር. Lot tog: 48 Ov monsters,

A seeds nf nich separate and. amet. w- ን

p. dnaunificent. frillv monster,

A seeds cof caeh separate. and 0889. E-

cir malenifier ut arily monstera = —
sepatate ant namel EL d

à BA ned
F. “1 moteifieent Trillvombpsters. =
| oe seeds ot party; separate: and. tamel,
| POST FREE FOR- CARIE
; Fan “a The. above gives à dragiitcent: “በዮ
range ob korkeina Booms.
oÀsk fars E atalognue- whieh deserlbes. not only: all

the wt Sweet t Bens for MRA, Wat. gives partienlary ot
a The bess Flowers and Vegetables chart stud’ 11. -
kekford's yoy poo

this ር 'nYidogie más BRAVE 5:08. pounds.
dr Fr ey

. HENRY ECKFOBD, F. 8.85.

The: Seet. Pea Rascrellit
Dept 10. WEM, SHROPSHIRE.

Awarded 196 Goia and Silver Medals. X

67

Jaxvany 31, 1925. THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE. |
THE annuals. But, nevertheless, planting goes bequeathed £250, and to Messrs. Ingram and

Gardeners’ Chronicle

No. 1988—SATURDAY, JANUARY 31, 1925.

CONTENTS.

Alpine garden— Obituary —

Anemone Pulsatilla... 74 Grenfell, Field - Mar-
Hutchinsia alpina ... 74 shal Lord "ELS
Linum flavum e. (“4 "

Annuals for conservi- Misi notes and glean-
tory and greenhouse ዕሰ ae » -.
decoration ፦2 dontonia Alexia 5

l | : j "S ! Odontonia Nesta T3

Books, notices of— . | Potato trials. .. 67

. Sweet Peas... es 4.” Ramsbottom, Mr. J. K. 68

Bulb garden— — | Rawes Mr. A.N. ... 67
Allium subhirsutuni 77 Seeds, the germinating
Narcissus — Bulboco- power of » . 8M

dium citrinus se LE iae plagio:
Narcissus Trimon ... 7; | "OMetles
"uN Miri መሂ. — Glasgow ande West of
Tulipa sylvestris ... 77 Seotland s

(* í oO ` pe i io wt 71) , « = . * Un en
SERIO ከ 1) "usn : Lanark Fruit Growers” 83

Daphne Laureola . ጩ Royal Horticultural... 82

Forest lands in Scotland, south Africa. a suc-
purchase Of ... Os cessful tree colonist in 75

** Gardeners' Chronicle ”

seventy-five years ago 69 pont D port Floral F. te, "
(:overnment Botanic | = * a a
Gardens — ... 7R | Trees and shrubs—
Hardy flower border— | Prunus subhirtella
Aphyllanthes mons- | var. autumnalis ... 71
peliensis — e. 000 The Wilbertoree Oak 71
Phuopsis stylosa — ... 09 White-stemmed Bram-
Hardy fruit garden— bles... "S fo suu
The yellow Pershore Trees as wind breaks on
Plum ... uv zar emi rifle ranges ... dn 67
Hong Kong. botany | Vegetable garden— à
and forestry jin .. 67 Herbs ... " . ND
Indoor plants— ነቻ Horseradish on ridges 81
Hippeastrums... ... 03 Sprouting Broccoli ፳0

Kew Notes—
'T he Himalayan House
Narcissus eelworm, the
control of the ... የ6

-4 | Veitch, the late Sir
j Harry J., bequests by 67
Week’s work, the ui wu

ILLUSTRATIONS.

Anemone Pulsatilla: among the grass on the Chilterns,
7ን: View of an outlying spur on the Chilterns

where A. Pulsatilla grows wild in abundance 74
Clematis Armandii s V bus e 7U
Daphne Laureola 73
Narcissus Trimon : - — — — . 77
Phuopsis stylosa ae — xi m — ... በ9
Prunus subhirtella var. autumnalis * des xul
Ramsbottom, Mr. J. K., portrait of E. 22 .. ከ

— — — — — na —
—— — — —t — —ñ— — — —ñ ———
MEAN TEMPERATURE jor the
observations during the last
33,

ensuing week
fifty

AVERAGE
deduced from
years at Greenwich,

ACTUAL TEMPERATURE—
The Gardeners’ Chronicle Otce, 3. Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, London, Wednesday, January 28,
JüUa.m.: Bar. 30°2, temp. 467, Weather, Fine.

Tue Report for 1923 of the

Botany and Botanical and Forestry De-
Forestry in partment, Hong Kong, shows
Hong Kong. that gardeners in the Island
are by no means exempt from

the troubles which seem everywhere to be
their lot— troubles no doubt sent by an
even-handed Providence to prevent them from
being insufferably happy. Typhoons of
July and August blew down many specimen
trees in the Botanic Garden, among them a
fine specimen of Aleurites triloba, a full
grown Cinnamomum Burmannii, a Paulownia
Fortunei, and damaged the avenue of
Grevillea robusta as well as many other
trees. Then, on one occasion, eleven inches
of rain were registered within twentv-four
hours, so that we here, who complain bitterly
of the twenty-eight or so inches which have
fallen so leisurely during the past year, may
take some satisfaction as well as express
sympathy in the heavier, misfortunes of our
friends. Again, forty minutes after the
Japanese earthquake— coincidence or conse-
quence ! --there was a large landslide which
brought down a great bank of earth and
with it two large Araucaria Bidwillii and
permanently changed the configuration of the
gardens in its neighbourhood. The wet
autumn spoiled the Roses and rains of July
and August made sorrv sights of the summer

en and many interesting specimens are being
planted in the grounds in charge of the
department. After the typhoons the labour
of the Department of Forestry is severely
taxed in clearing fallen trees, but volunteer
Chinese labour lightens the task. Unfortun-
atelv the voluntary labour is so energetic that
it continues after the fallen timber has been
cleared and proceeds to the removal of
standing trees, so that no little time of the
garden staff is spent in keeping it away or
haling it before justice. Not the least
curious page in the report is the list of
convictions for offences of this kind. Some
delinquents escape with fifty cents fine, others
spend six weeks in prison and thus the
garden is weeded— at least we hope so—of
some of the worst offenders. It is just
before the Chinese New Year that the garden
officials have the most anxious time. The
natives apparently have a high appreciation
of the decorative value of the flowers of
Enkianthus quinqueflorus and spare no pains
to acquire them. ^ But for the vigilance of
the Department the most beautiful shrub of
Hong Kong would soon be entirely lost to
the Colony. Among the many activities of
the Botanical Department is the inspection
of bulbs of Narcissus Tazetta intended for
export to the United States. In spite of
everything the million or more bulbs were
found to be free from fungous disease and
noxious insects. The Report ends, as reports
should, on a note of confident optimism.
The Superintendent trusts that the work of
the Department has bcen kept in its usual
high level. For our part we are sure it has.
In despite of storms and floods gardeners at
Hong Kong and indeed all over the world
contrive to maintain their gardens at the
usual high level and those who know best
how much labour is involved give them most
and heartiest thanks.

Challenge Cup for Dahlias.— Mr.

George
Monro has presented a handsome Silver
Challenge Cup to the National Dahlia

Society, for competition at its annual shows.
It will be awarded to the best example! of
floral work in which the Dahlia is exclusively
used. Any kinds of foliage will be allowed.
Full particulars will be found in the
schedule, now in preparation, and obtainable
from the Hon. Sec.. Mr. W. J. Chittenden,
2, Dents Road, Wandsworth Common,
S.W. 11.

The Royal Gardeners’ Orphan Fund.—TJhe
Annual General Meeting of the subscribers
to this fund will be held at “ Simpson's,”
100, Strand, London, W.C., on Wednesday,
February 11, 1925, for the purpose of
receiving the Report of the Committee and
Statement of Accounts for the past year;
to elect officers for the ensuing year; to

elect. ten children to the benefits of the
fund: and to transact such other business
as may arise. The chair will be taken

at 3 p.m.

Bequests by the late Sir Harry Veitch. — The
late Sir Harry J. Veiteh, V.M.H., who left
property of the value of £79,385 with nett
personaltv £58,987. made bequests of £1,000
each to several religious socicties, and £200 for
five years to the London City Mission, with
which he was so intimately connected. He
bequeathed £500 to the Royal Gardeners’
Orphan Fund. and directed that payment. of
annuities to several members of his firm or
their widows should ከቦ continued: he also
left the sum of £5 for each year of service
to his gardener, Mr. Clarke and Mr. Clarke's

wife. His executors are Mr. Edward
Sherwood. Mr. George Ingram, and Mr.
Robert Messenger, to eaeh of whom he

Messenger a further sum of £250 each whether
they act as executors or not. To Mr.
Ingram he also bequeathed a clock and
two vases, and to his nephew. Mr. P. C. M.
Veitch, a gold watch. he large silver-gilt
cup which his firm won at the International
Horticultural Exhibition in 1912 and a
silver candelabra presented on his silver
wedding by gardening friends, he bequeathed

to the Masters, Wardens, and Commonalty
of the Gardeners’ Company. He left the
residue of his estate to the Gardeners’

Royal Benevolent Institution, and also two
houses in Hinton Lawn Road and in Eldon
Road, Hampstead.

Mr. A. N. Rawes.—The many friends of
Mr. A. N. Rawes, Secretary of the Royal
Horticultural Society's Fruit and Vegetable
Committee, will learn with great regret
that he has undergone an operation for
appendicitis and that he will be absent
from his duties at Wisley for several weeks.
Our readers will join with us in wishing
Mr. Rawes & speedy recovery.

The White Medal—The American George
Robert White Medal of Honour has been
awarded by the Massachusetts Horticultural
Society to M. Joseph Pernet-Ducher, the
famous hybridiser of Roses. This medal
was established several years ago as the
result of a gift by Mr. White, and is
commonly considered the highest horti-
cultural award in the U.S.A. It is given
for eminent services in horticulture, and the
recipient each year is chosen by a com-
mittee, of which Prof. C. S. Sargent is
chairman.

Potato Trials.—The National Institute of
Agricultural Botany is now prepared to
accept entries for its fourth series of yield
and quality trials of new varieties of
Potatos from breeders who are willing to
entrust the Institute with the marketing
of their productions on a profit-sharing
basis. The trials are planned to last for
five years, at first for Scotland only, but
in the later years also jin the English
Potato districts. Only those varieties whieh
do sufficiently well in the trials will be
placed on the market. Full particulars of
the conditions of the trials are given in a
form of agreement which may be obtained

from the Secretary, National Institute of
Agricultural Botany, Huntingdon Road,
Cambridge, to whom those intending to

enter new varieties for these trials should
apply not later than February 28, 1925.

Trees as Wind Breaks on Rifle Ranges.
The Glasgow Territorial Association has
adopted an important scheme for the
provision of windbreaks on their shooting
ranges at Dechmont, situated some six or
seven miles south of the city. According
to the plan which has been prepared by
Mr. James Whitton, late Superintendent of
the Glasgow Parks, upwards of 60,000 trees
are to be planted and these will consist of
Scotch Pine, Black Austrian Pine, Douglas
Fir, Norway and Sitka Spruce, European
and Japanese Larch, Thuya gigantea, Ash,
Lime, Sycamore, Willow, Birch, Thorn,
Rowan, Bird Cherry and Geans. The wind
screens will be composed principally of the
Conifers, supplemented by Ash and Rowans,
while Willows are to be used in the damp
areas. The targets are situated at the base
of a hill and as the ranges are exposed to
both south-west and south-east winds, which
are the prevailing directions during the
season, the trajectory of the bullets has
been affected to an unusual degree. It is,
therefore, proposed to plant two main
straight belts, one on the right or south-
west, which will be one-hundred-and-eighty
fret wide and the other on the left or
south-east, which, being less troublesome, is
to be twenty feet narrower. There is also
a semi-circular screen and a subsidiary
elongated belt to the right, together with
a screen which will extend along the road

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tree at Holwood, just above the steep descent
into the Vale of Keston, 1 resolved to give
notice on a fit occasion in the House of
Commons of my intention to bring forward
the abolition of the. slave. trade.” These
words are engraved on a stone. chair which
Karl Stanhope had set up close to this
historie tree in 1862, by the permission of
Lord Cranworth, who then owned the estate.
Though 1 have no wish to pull down this
historic tree from its present proud position,
vet, with reference to certain notes which have
appeared upon it of late, I venture to state
that there are very good reasons to suppose
that the conversation between Pitt and
Wilberforce did not take place beneath this
particular tree, but under another old Oak
at & short distance away, which commands
a site on elevated ground from which an
uninterrupted view of the vale of Keston is
obtained.

The late Lord Sackville Cecil, who had
much to do with the Holwood property at
the time of its purchase by Lord Derby.
told me that Lord Stanhope came to Holwood
Park, and in company with Lord Cranworth,
who then owned the estate, fixed on the
present tree after consulting. the note in
Mr. Wilberforce's diary. Lord Sackville always
adhered firmly to the idea that the real tree
was that standing on a knol at a short
distance away. and from which a wide and
uninterrupted view of the vale of Keston
can be seen.

The following reasons are given why the
present tree is, in all probability, not the one
under which the conversation. took place :—
(1) There is no view of, nor, ** steep descent ”
into the vale from this Oak, nor could the
former have existed in Pitts time, as the
intervening trees, which are between three
hundred and four hundred years old, entirely
shut out the scene; (2) it is most unlikely
that two such prominent and well-known
men as Pitt and Wilberforce would discuss
Ro momentous a question by the side of a
much-used public path, when in private
groungs at a short distance away a much
more convenient site, with a beautiful view
of the valley beneath. and directly connected
with Holwood House bv ዚዜ green drive,
could have been chosen; (3) the choice of
the preseat tree was no doubt largely influenced
by the fact that it was growing close to
the public path, and visitors did not require
to trespass in order to see it; (4) owing to
the use made by the public of this tree,
it was most unlikely that anyone would
converse for long beneath its shade.

Both Lord Derby and Lord
Cecil were confident that the treo
referred to was the one under which
the conversation took place, and when the
former agreed with me to have the present
tree fenced and supported he remarked that
although it was most likely not the trec
referred to by Wilberforce in his diary, yet
us it had been chosen by Lord Stanhope,
and à stone seat, with a suitable inscription
recorded on it, erected, it would be unwise
to alter it.

Jn passing. it may be noticed
iron fence, which was put up in 1899. was
erected in order. to. prevent. publie inter-
ference, the stem, branches, and even. outer
twigs having, from time to time, been cut

Sackville
already

that the

and broken. to be carried away as relics of
the tree and its associations. Previous. to
the fencing being erected, the hollow. stem
was thoroughly cleaned out and disinfected,
and the aperture covered. over, thus to a
great extent preventing the ingress of water,
and assisting. in the preservation of the
tree. 11 is to ከቦ regretted that. the seat

has been subjected to much wanton damage
at the hands of the public, as not only is

it defaced by names and dates, but large
pieces of the stone-work have been broken
off and removed.

Pitt's Oak. with which. the. present. tree
is often confounded, stands within a stones
throw of Holwood House, and without. the

garden wall. It occupies a conical mound,

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

part of the Brito-Roman cncampment, beneath
the spreading branches of which it was
Pitt's habit to sit and read. Though hollow
it [ሠ in a fairly good state of preservation.
and the heavy branches have been bound
together by means of iron bands and rods,
in order to prevent damage by strong
winds. .1. D. Webster.

WHITE-STEMMED BRAMBLES.

Or the several. white-stemmed Brambles.
Rubus biflorus and R. b. quinqueflorus are most
generally cultivated. When established, groups
of this species, with white, upright canes,
from six. feet. to eight feet high, are con-

4picuous. in a winter landscape, particularly
when environed by Pines or other. dark-
foliaged evergreens.

R. leucodermis is similar in habit, but

despite dits specific name is inferior in

deeorative effect.

R. lasiostylus, of recent re-introduction, 15

dwarfer and more refined in appearance,
and, when defoliated, makes a conspicuous
group in the shrub border.

R. Giraldianus, with bending, silvery
sprays, like white surf crowding the tip of
the biennial stems, is seen to advantage
foaming over a bold bluff in the rock
garden, or when planted in the mass for
distant effect, in the wild garden, or by u

stream.

Fred. W. Jeffery.

ANNUALS FOR CONSERVATORY AND
GREENHOUSE DECORATION.

PRIMULA SINENSIS.

A LARGE number of Primulas may be
treated as annuals, and they form a very
important group of plants for the embellish-
ment of the conservatory and greenhouse.
Of these, Primula sinensis and its many
beautiful varieties are of prime importance;
especially the light and graceful stellata
varieties, which are useful for decoration.

Their successful cultivation should not
present any difficulties provided the plants
are grown under perfectly cool conditions.
Seeds should be sown during May and
June, and the compost should consist of
equal parts of light loam and well-decayed
leaf-mould, with the addition of some silver
sand. 11 is advisable when filling the seed
pans or pots to mako the compost
moderately firm. As the seeds always
germinate unevenly and at uncertain inter-
vals, it is important to sow them thinly so
as to allow for the easy removal of the
more forward seedlings. After watering,
cover the seed-pans with a piece of glass and
keep the soil shaded until germination takes
place, during whieh process a temperature
of 5» to 65° should be provided; gradually
accustom the seedlings to cool and airy
conditions, keeping them from very bright
sunshine.

So soon as they are fit to handle
them off into 48-sized pots, or, if large
quantities aro grown, into pans or boxes.
Later transfer the young plants singly to thumb

prick

pots, using a slightly heavier compost than
that recommended for seed sowing.
Subsequent cultivation consists in potting

them on as the plants require it, five-inch pots
being a suitable size in which to flower them:
for the final potting use a medium consisting
of three parts of good mellow loam, after it
has been stacked for twelve months, one part
of well-decayed leaf-soil, and sufficient old
mortar rubble or sand to render the soil
porous: mortar rubble is preferable to sand
as 1... sinensis is a /— lime lover. In
potting keep the neck. of the plant low to
promote the formation of roots. from the
stem and so prevent the specimens from falling

over: there is still a mistaken. idea among
many cultivators that low potting will

result in “ damping off."

Jantary 31. 1925

The cultural details throughout the swam:
consist in careful watering. and growin:
the plants in perfectly cool and an
conditions either in cold) frames or in low
pits; shading also is necessary during di
hottest. parts of the day. but it must gne
be overdone, or the plants will soon becor«

drawn and weak. About the ainiddle «t
September plants that have been grown in
cold frames should. be removed to ቤዜ p

greenhouse or pits. and grown in a positio
near to the roof glass; cool, airy conditions
are still essential and a buoyant atmo
phere should be maintained.

Although generally treated as annuais.
Primula sinensis may be grown for a
second year; they make very fine specimens.
and these old plants may be obtained in
flower before the younger ones. The stellats
varieties are specially useful for ths
purpose.

There is a large rango of varieties both
in colour and form of flower. ‘Phe foliaz^
also varies from light green to almost
black-crimson. some of Fern-leaf shape and
others resembling those of the Oak. It |»
important to remember that all varieties
offered by reliable seedsmen come truc from

seeds,
PRIMULA OBCONIC.A.
Here., as in the case of Primula sinensi.
there has been immense improvement. in

this greenhouse Primula. not
size of the flowers, but
shades of colour, which
and white. through
deep erimson. In
the character. of

only in the
also ain thie
range from blue
various of pink to
the grandiflora strains
the foliage is also ver
much altered, being much stouter and
darker green in colour than in the ordinary
type: in fact, it would be difficult. for the
present day generation of young gardeners
to realise the great advance made from the

original type with its poor, dingy, lilac-
coloured flowers.
P. obconica is specially useful for con-

servatory decoration as the plants remain in
bloom a long time, and from successional
sowings it may be had in flower all the
year round. If flowering plants are desired
in the early autumn, seeds should bo sown
in March; further sowings may be made in
May or June and again during August.

The cultural details given for P. sinensis
may be followed for P. obconica, but as
this species has a much more robust root
system the plants enjoy liberal feeding when
the flowering pots become well filled with
roots; the compost for tho final potting may
also with advantage be somewhat heavier
in Character.

The grandiflora
suffer from an
* chlorosis,” the

strains
obscure
leaves

especially, often
disease known 4s
being covered with
white blotches which ultu: ately become
brown; this condition may. to a great
extent. ከር prevented by watering occasionally
with a solution of sulphate of iron, and
nitrate of soda, used at the rate of one
oz. cach to ten gallons of water. A stock
solution may be prepared, diluting it, ቦ።
required, to the correct strength.

This : Primula has a somewhat unenviable
reputation for its poisonous character, as in
some susceptible individuals it causes a
form of eczema. which is very painful, and
19 the writers experience has, in some
extreme cases. caused serious illness; anv-
one who is affected by this plant à
advised not to handle it.

P. FLORIBUNDA, P. VERTICILLATA.

AND P. KEWENSIS.
P. FLORIBUNDA is another Primula which
may be treated as an annual: it is also ol

interest as being one of the parents of

Primula kewensis. There 15 a so-called
grandiflora variety, which only differs from
the type in having somewhat larger foliage

and flowers; the variety known as Isabellina
is another form with creamy-white blooms.

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76

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unless by special arrangement. The Editors do not hold
themselres responsible for any opinions expressed by
their correspondents.

Urgent Communications.—7// sent by telegraph, these
should be addressed ‘‘Gard, Chron.," Rand; or by
telephone, to Gerrard, 1543.

THE CONTROL OF
THE NARCISSUS EELWORM.*

ORE than seven years have passed
since the control of the Narcissus eel-
worm (Tylenchus devastatrix) was first

adopted on a commercial scale in this
country (in the late autumn of 1917) and
details of the treatment have appeared

from time to time in the horticultural press.
The present occasion. which was the outcome
of accepting the invitation of the Chairman
of the Technical Comtrnittee —perhaps all too
hurriedly-—offers an opportunity of reviewing
the past seven years’ work. ] shall at once
free myself from such strict demands as
would be necessary if the subject were to
be treated from a purely scientific aspect.
True, the effect of hot water on plant life
opens up many interesting fields of study,
and there are many problems still awaiting
solution, yet at such a meeting as this, it

would doubtless be more advantageous to
view the matter under. review from the
growers’ standpoint, and in so doing clear

up a few of the «difficulties —many. of them
not real difficulties -and offer à little general
advice to those whose work in an advisory
capacity brings them into touch with bulb
growers. Much of the information, |! must
confess, is not new, and already well-known
amongst the majority of those bulb growers

who have had experience with the trenat-
ment.

My own active association with the
disease began in the summer of 1916, and,
as a result of carefully controlled experi-

ments conducted that year with hot water,
over distinct ranges of time and temperature,
it was ultimately found that by soaking
Narcissus bulbs in water at a temperature
of 110° to 111° Fahrenheit. for three hours,
the celworm could be destroyed without
injury to the growth of the plant; and that
if the temperature were increased a degree
or two, damage to the growth of the bulb
resulted, or if. on the other hand, the
temperature ran a degree or two lower,
that the celworms were not totally destroyed.
It was obvious that if the treatment was
ever to be adopted on a commercial scale
an apparatus would be needed by means of
which the grower, with the minimum of
vexation, could keep the desired temperature
day in, day out, or from week 10 week if
need be.
There are
specially
Nnreisstis

three types of
equipped for the
bulbs,

sterilising plant
treatment of
and, inm oso far as this
A Lecture on “ The Control of the Narcissus Eelworm,”
delivered before the Technical Committee of the Chamber
o1 Horticulture, by Mr. J. K. Ramsbottom, N.D.H.

THE GARDENERS’

concerns us, I need only deal with two of
them. The other, although very efficient in
its work, is rather costly to construct, and
the running expenses are comparatively high,
as machinery is required to circulate. the
water in two distinct circuits. The two
types of apparatus in common use, but
which 1 do not propose to deseribe in
detail, are the Hearson Bulb Bath and the
Barford and Perkins Steriliser for Bulbs.
The Hearson Bulb Bath is a very capable
invention and the uniform temperature of
the water is controlled. by The Hearson
Capsule Regulator, similar in construction to

the one this firm fits to their. well-known
incubators and scientific apparatus. The
fuel employed for heating the water may

be coal, gas, acetylene, petrol, or paraffin.
The maximum size consistent with the
effectual working of the plant is, however,
restricted to a capacity of about. fifty
gallons, in which about one-hundredweicht-
and-a-half of bulbs may be treated at one
soaking. There are many growers who
employ two or more of these baths to
meet their requirements, but now that
acreages of Daffodils are being considerably
increased, there is room for a larger. type
of plant; if possible, one, unlike the type
previously referred. to, and not. dependent
upon machinery, which. as we are all
aware, is hable to break down when it is
most needed. Messrs. Barford and Perkins
interested themselves in the treatment, and
after much research conducted by Mr. Frank

Perkins, B.A. a director of the firm. a
highly satisfactory apparatus was evolved
whieh possesses many advantages, in that
the cost of. treatment 15 very low, there is
practically no wear and tear, and the
management is most simple. The apparatus

consists of a boiler for supplying steam to

heat the water in the tank or tanks, and
a steam coil and special patented arrange-
ment of valves for controlling the temper-
ature.

You will therefore see that the grower is
well equipped with special apparatus. the
Hearson Bulb Bath being made in sizes to
take from seven lbs. to one-and-a-half ewts.

of bulbs, and the Barford and Perkins
Sterilising Plant. constructed in two standard
sizes with a soaking capacity of five cwts.
and from eight cwts. to ten ewts. respectively ;

this firm, however, will undertake the
erection, as they have already done, of
sterilising apparatus to hold far greater
quantities than those mentioned. Whether

a grower is interested in a few square vards
of Daffodils or a hundred acres or more, he
15 well eatered for in the form of special
apparatus for the treatment of his stocks.
The cost of the treatment is trifling when
compared with the present day value of the
bulbs.

The time when the treatment should be
earricd out 15 of considerable importance,
and many growers have still to learn
should ] say * realise; for the information
has often been given- that. the. full benefits
of the treatment are to ከር obtained only
if the bulbs are subjected to the sterili-
sition. process whilst. they are in a dormant
state. No soon as the bulbs are lifted they
should ከኮ freed from soil and stored in a
perfectly dry, cool and airy shed. ]t is, of

course, taken for granted that the bulbs
are harvested at the right time: that thev
have not been allowed to re-root before
lifting, on the one hand. and that care

has been taken not to lift them prematurely
on the other. Particular attention 1:
required. in the harvesting of Narcissus. poeti-
eus ornatus and the poetieus hybrids, as these
have a comparatively short. dormant period.
The best guide is to lift’ directly the foliage
ripens ()ሸ. but sometimes. ornatus will
readily re-root if. the weather during June
is wet. My remarks, unless otherwise stated,
will be confined to bulbs whieh have
lifted in the right condition.

It is, L believe, well known
development | the embryo

heen

that the
Hower and

ATON CUR:

JANUARY 23]. 19%

the bulbs. hay
can see no visi
when th:

place after
At least you
signs of the embryo growth the
dormant bulb is cut open and examine:
immediately upon lifting. It is under te
storage conditions that the young flows
bud and leaves are formed. and that th
new root tissue is in the initial stages «
development. It may be taken as a gener
guide that the treatrment should not. t»
commenced until the embryo flower bud i
easily discernible to the naked eye. i
condition which may readily be ascertained
by cutting open a few bulbs longitudinally
and examining them at intervals. In a
normal season this condition does not as 8
rule occur before the first week in Augis
in Lincolnshire; generally speaking th»
district is from two 10 three weeks later
than tbe Channel Isles, Cornwall, — and
Scilly. Tf bulbs are treated before. th
stage referred 10 is reached the effect s
that malformed flowers are produced, the
malformation being so great that the bloom-
are rendered unfit for market, or they may
be even killed outright. It is. however.
important to state, in view of furthe
remarks that will be made on. this subject.
that early treatment in no way affects the

foliage takes
been lifted.

root action and foliage growth: in fact, it
is the generally accepted opinion that early
treatment tends in particular to promote

extra growth, and the © splitting of the
bulb is also increased owing to the multi
plication of internal buds which in tum
give rise to offsets. It is worth — while
relating an experience gained with Golden
Spur in Lincolnshire. a variety which ኩ

generally amongst the first to be lifted,
and oftener than not the first 10. reecive
treatment. ላ portion of the stock wa-
treated early about the middle of July
and about a fortnight before the normai
time; the remainder received treatment
during the first week in August. In the
first treated batch all the flowers Wete
killed or badly damaged, but the growth
was vigorous and strong; in the other
portion of the stock. the flowers — were
marketable and again the foliage and root
growth was unharmed. It is most — difticult
to give a bard and fast rule certainly
impossible to stage a specifie time- -as to
when the treatment should be first com-
meneed, for, as is well known, seasons
differ considerably, and the grower must

be guided by the condition of the embryo

growth.

For the moment ] propose to leave what
may be termed. the correct period of treat:
ment and consider what happens when
bulbs are treated too late for the tempta-
tion of growers jis to err on the side ^t
lateness rather than earliness. Unless the
bulbs can be stored under such perfect

conditions both as regards temperature and
atmospheric humidity so as to retard, or at

least hold in check, the development of
the embryo flower. leaf and root- -a con-
dition which is rarely met with in bulb
warehouses in this country othe bulbs soon
awaken into activity, and beyond a certain
stage of development the effect. of the heat
is readily felt and the treatment may
prove very injurious. Indeed, within limits
not easily definable, there seems to be a
stage when the voung roots, flower and
foliage are not affected by the treatment.
vet beyond. this stage all these organs
prove highly susceptible to heat. In. the

case of the roots, the root tip is destroyed

and the damage, in most cases. irreparable.
The root tissue dies and the cells from
which it arises seem to be incapable ot

least they do
The flower bud
killed. or se
they do not appear

repairing the damage, or ant
not give rise to new roots.
and leaves may also. be
severely injured. that
above the ground. for a whole season.

have on many occasions seen bulbs which
have not produced a blade of foliage or a
single root throughout the following year,
but what is more surprising is that tlie

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78
GOVERNMENT BOTANIC GARDENS. *

(Continued from page 62.)

[ፐ is sometimes believed that because. by
an equally easy transition, such a "physice
garden" could develop into a botanic
garden, there may be some essential con-
nection between “ medicine” and “ botany.”
While it is true that some five botanic
gardens in Europe out of six began as
“physice gardens," the connection between
“botany” and “medicine” was really acci-
dental. The cultivation of ‘esculent plants”
was attended to as carefully in monastic
gardens as was that of ‘‘medicinal plants.”
If the cultivation of ‘herbs of healing"
were due to a conscious ecclesiastical effort
to place the use of drugs on a higher
plane than in pagan days, the cultivation
of food-plants was an equally conscious
endeavour to preserve something worth saving
from the wreck of the Western Empire.
In the “physice gardens" to which these
monastic 'herbularies" gave rise, there was
the same combined practical cultivation and
phytological study of vegetables and drugs:
the same equal attention to the maintenance
of health and the treatment of disease.
The urgency of the need for botanical aid,
in which renaissance ‘phytology’”’ stood,
was less in connection with new drugs than
in connection with new food and food-
accessories, like the Potato, the Topinambour,
Cocoa, Tea, Tobacco, and so many more,
then for the first time finding their way to
Europe. .

This alliance of the mediwval art ዐየ
"phytology " with the renaissance science of
* botaniceey" was really a reversion to an
attitude manifested in Greece some eighteen
centuries earlier. The garden formed by
Aristotle, in which his pupil Theophrastus
discoursed repi $vrtor, was nearer in purpose
to a modern botanic garden than any
“physic garden" of the sixteenth century.
This explains Rousseau's remark that Theo-
phrastus was the only “botanist”? the
ancient world produced. Theophrastus, alone
among classical writers, dealt with plants as
living things rather than as sources of use-
ful products. What we learn of his doctrine
shows that he was inspired by * scientific
euriosity." His teaching was as philosophical
in spirit as the teaching of botany is to-day.

If, since the middle of the scventeenth
century the ‘botanist’? has been also a
"phytologist," we have to admit that L,

in the days of peripatetic philosophy the
"phytologist" was what the ''botanist" is
in the twentieth century.

Some of the plants used by "Theophrastus
to illustrate botanical facts show that his
garden contained “coronary ° as well as
esculent” and “ medicinal " plants. This does
not imply, however, that his enclosure was
a “garden” in the renaissance sense. The
Greeks and Latins could garden well; they
had mastered the art of making domesticated
plants thrive. They grew in their enelosures
many ‘coronary’ plants for their intrinsic
beauty or for their scent. But the in-
tellectual pleasure these “herbs of grace”
afforded was tempered by their suitability

for the making of wreaths. The classical
householder did not “garden finely,” he
made no conscious effort to dispose the

“coronary " plants he cultivated so as to
produce a pleasing general effect. Nor did
medieval monastic enclosures do more jn
this direction. A faith that strove to wean
the thoughts of believers from this im-
perfect world paid but little attention to
what the unconverted considered ** herbs of
grace." It did, indeed, condone the culti-
vation of some * coronary plants.” not
because of their ''grace," but owing to their
association with legends concerning Qur

* The Sir George Birdwood Memorial Lecture, delivered
before the Royal Society of Arts (Indian Section), on
Friday, January 9, 1925, by Lt.-Col, Sir David Prain,
CM.G, CLE. LLD., F.LS., F.R.S.. late Director of
the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew,

THE GARDENERS’

" Hondius,

Lady and with traditions as to the lives
and deaths of (saints and martyrs. The
impulse that, in renaissance days, led men
and women of means and taste “to garden
finely ^ was not identieal with the incentive
to form “physie gardens.“ The formation
of enclosures to form intellectual pleasure
and satisfy artistic desires was an amplifi-
cation of the classieal regard for ** coronary’

plants rather than a development of
monastie practice. That amplification was
due to the use of classical “* herbs. of grace
and faith" in attempts to reproduce those

Oriental ** paradises ^ whose existence was
attested in works that were canonical and
whose nature could be gleaned from accounts

of Arab culture.

When the makers of renaissance * plea-
stunces" happened to be imbued with
“scientific curiosity’ as well as with

“artistic skill," such establishments became
nt onee as truly botanic gardens as any
of those that had originally been * physic
gardens." The renown, in their day, of
gardens like that of John Brancion in
Flanders, that of Cardinal Farnese at Rome.
that which the Burgomaster of Terneuzen
put at the disposal of Pastor Peter
that of John Goodver in Hamp-
shire—to mention but a few private estab-
lishments which chanced to. be almost
contemporary—was at least equal to that
of the gardens attached to Universities. like
those of Padua, Pisa or Leiden; those of
Paris, Montpellier, or Oxford. "Though the
“ physic gardens" attached to Universities
have so often continued to exist as Botanic
Gardens, while the private “ pleasaunces `
that were botanie gardens from the time
they were formed rarely managed to
survive, the difference in their fates was
due to the character of their ownership
rather than to the nature of their origin.
Two instances from English botanical history
may suffice to explain the situation. The
private garden of John Gerard, herbalist of
Holborn, one of the best known “physic
gardens" in this country at the close of
the sixteenth century, ceased to exist after
its owner's death. On the other hand, an
eighteenth century English * pleasure garden,"
which owed its origin to the artistic
instinct, and its conversion into a botanie
garden to the scientific curiosity jof an
enlightened Princess, enjoys still a renown
wider than that of any other botanie
garden in the Empire, and is regarded by
strangers as second to no botanic garden in
the world.

The absence of allusions to other classical
gardens in which plants were grown to

?

gratify the “scientific curiosity " of those
who visited them, suggests that the idea
underlying the formation of the one in

which Theophrastus lectured may have been
peculiar to Aristotle. Egypt had at least
one garden which combined to some extent
the features of a “ physice garden” and a

‘‘pleasaunce.”” Babylon, it appears, had its
* paradise." The medical writings of India
and Assyria suggest that they may have
had **physie gardens." But. it is difficult
to suggest an exotic source for Aristotle's

inspiration, and we are only prevented from
feeling assured that it originated with him
because the same conception happened to
take concrete. form in. the Western Hemis-
phere. When Europeans reached = America,
Mexico could. boast the possession of two
botanic gardens, designed to satisfy both
the economic and the scientific curiosity of
Montezuma’s — subjects. Spain. after her
conquest of that kingdom, did what she
could to maintain and preserve one of
these gardens.

The idea which had guided Aristotle and
inspired thg rulers of Mexico occurred once
more to those Bnglish planters in the West

Indies who, im 1764, established in the
grounds of Government House at Nt.
Vincent a garden stocked with useful and
ornamental plants, to illustrate what the

West Indian colonies could produce, and tọ

CHRONICLE.

JANUARY 31. 1927.

—
—

demonstrate what plants of exotic
might ከዩ grown in the West
with advantage to the inhabitants. "Thos
who founded this garden were, apparently,
actuated by more than an economie pur
pose: the designation they gave it indicates
that they hoped the new garden might als
satisfy scientific curiosity. Their action wa.
but a further instance of that sympathy
with the improvement of natural knoy.
ledge manifested by West Indian. planter
when they gave the financial — assistance:
which ensured the publication. of scientific
treatises dealing with the natural history
of Jamaica, Barbados. the Bahamas ani
Carolina. The well-known works of Sloane.
Hughes, Brown. and Catesby were prepared
in emulation of the more famous ones
dealing with the natural history of Malabar
and the Moluccas prepared by servants oi
the Dutch East Indian Company. The
appearance of these latter works by Rheede
and Rumphius had not conveyed to English
merchants in the East Indies the lesson
they taught English. planters in the West
Indies. The “scientific curiosity” of thc
english East India Company in the natura!

origin
Indie:

products of its territories, if it existed at
all, was more than satisfied by what its
Netherlands rival had donc. But wher

English planters in the West Indies went 4

step further than Dutch merchants in the
East Indies had gone, they supplied the
two competing Eastern corporations with
food for thought. The Duteh East India

Jompany, whose example as regards natural
history surveys had been copied in the West
Indies, did not pay the latter the compliment
of copying at once the West Indian idea of
establishing a botanic garden. The English
East India Company, which had not thought
it necessary to make a survey of the
resources of its possessions, followed the

example set by the West lndies so far as
the establishment of experimental garden:
was concerned.
(To be continued.) ;
KEW NOTES.
THE HIMALAYAN HOUSE.
THE Himalayan House at Kew forms a

part of the famous Temperate House, which
is by far the largest glasshouse devoted to
plant cultivation in the world, its length
being 582 feet, its greatest width 138 feet.
and the height in the centre sixty feet. Thus
it occupies an area of nearly two acres. The
building was commenced in 1861 and it was
not completed until the north wing, known
as the Himalayan House, was added in
1898.

The Himalayan House is planted mostly
with Rhododendrons, many of whieh have
grown to a very large size. The _ tallest
specimens are of. Rhododendron arboreum
type. one of R. arboreum var. roseum being
some twenty-five feet high, and at the
present time these plants are covered with
flower buds. promising a glorious display 1

March. In all there are some eighty or
ninety species of Rhododendrons in this
large house, and they include the members

of the genus which are too tender to survive
severe Winters out-of-doors at Kew, vet onl
need the protection of a cool house.

No venus of plants has created more
interest among gardeners during recent years
than Rhododendrons. and (ከሁ assemblage ol
species in this one house shows how diverse
the members are. Many of them carry
handsome foliage of extraordinary size, and
of these the largest-leaved species is R. smo-
grande, the Kew specimen of whieh is some
six-and-a-half feet high. R. Falconer |
another big-leaved member of the family.
which also includes R. grande, the large
handsome leaves of which have a beautiful
silvery reverse. R. sino-grande forms a Ute
in its native habitat some twenty-five feet

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80

white and
favour.

1, Edward Allwood, 9,472 votes; 2, Mary
Allwood, 8,940; 3, Laddic, 8,700; 4, Maine
Sunshine, 8,320; 5, Wivelsfield Apricot, 8,191;

pink varieties no longer find

6, Topsy, 7,703; 7, White Pearl, 7,644 :
8, George Allwood, 7,640 ; 9, Wivelsfield
Pink, 7,300: 10, Wivelsfield Claret. 7,141:
ll, Chintz, 7,139; 12, Wivelsfield White,
7,050.

First Prize, Mr. H. Saville, The Gardens,
Riddlesworth Hall, Diss, Norfolk; Second,
R. A. Marshall, Esq., Little Culvender,
‘Tunbridge Wells; Third, J. Dyer, Esq.

Northfields, Tetbury, Gloucestershire.
PERPETUAL - FLOWERING MALMAISONS.

The voting was naturally low, but
it was surprising it should be restricted to
practically ten varieties :—

Jessie Allwood, 2,082; Mrs. C. F. Raphael.
1,973; Boadicea, 1,222; Atlantic, 1,201;
Oceanic, 948; Hon. Charlotte Knowles, 563.

First Prize, Mr. Hilary Stretton, The
Cottage, Crow Tree, Rawdon, Leeds ; Second,
J. Saddler, Esq. N. Frodingham, near
Duffield, N. Yorks; Third, Mr. Smith Viney.
Hoyle Court Gardens, Baildon, Yorkshire.

PERPETUAL BORDER CARNATIONS.

The voting on this new race was extre
ordinarily heavy, and practically every
variety gained some votes. No doubt the
two leading varieties gained their positions
because they have the ideal habit of growth
for the type. Sussex Avondale did not
win a place, being too tall.

1, Sussex Beauty, 6,848; 2. Sussex Pink,
6532; 3, Sussex Leander, 5975; 4, Sussex
Rosalind, 5,732; 5. Sussex Crimson, 5,685:
6, Sussex Purple, 4,879.

First Prize, Sidney L. Hogben, ‘The
Cottage, Woodhay, Windlesham, Surrey :
Second, ነኛ. R. Blamey, Esq., Nanspusher
Farm, Hayle, Cornwall; Third, F. H. Ducker,
Esq., Brinkley, Southwell, Notts.

BORDER CARNATIONS.

Good Border Carnations = expected to
score, such as Akbar, Mrs. A. Brotherston,
Saracen, Mrs. G. D. Murray, Salmon Clove,

etc., failed. Bookham White was beaten
by Elaine, but Gordon Douglas well held
its own in the crimsons. New varieties
have to win their laurels before gaining
popularity, and votes were taken on the
varieties below for garden cultivation.

1, Border Yellow, 4,811 votes; 2, Klaine,
4618; 3, Grenadier, 4,201 : 4, Grey Douglas,
3,960 ; 5, Gordon Douglas, 3,824 ; 6, Innocence,
3,820: 7. Dora Blick, 3,215: 8, Rosy Morn,
3,093: 9, Bookham Salmon, 3,062: 10,
Pasquin, 2,840; 11, Miss Rose Joseph, 2,630 :
12, Lord Kitchener. 2.482.

First Prize, Richard C. Large, Esq. 23,
Penrhys Avenue, Tylerstown, South Wales ;

Second, Mrs. Brockman, Panmure, Cirencester.
(los. ; Third, Mr. W. M. Foulds, The Gardens,
Cromlix, Dunblane, Perthshire.

DIANTHUS ALLWOODII.

Arthur and Eleanor are outstanding varieties.

but have not been before the publie many
seasons, so their success is very creditable:
as it also is iu the case of Bryan, a 1924

novelty. Mary alone of the first six varieties
distributed, has won a place, Alfred easily
heating Harold, the popular oid white
variety. Sybil i$ the only single-flowered
variety to win a position. The cntries in
this section exceeded expectations, many

of Messrs. Allwood Bros.’ Colonial customers
participating in the competition

1, Susan, 8,843 votes; 2. Arthur, 8,510 : 3.
Kleanor, 7,914; 4, Rhoda, 7811: 5, Peggy,
7,528; 6, Barbara, 6,340; 7, Rufus, 5,210;
8, Sybil, 9,208 ; 9, Mary, 4,944; 10, Alfred,
4,832; 11. Bryan, 3,901; 12, Betty, 3,509.

First Prize, Mr. 8. J. Salway, The Gardens,
(Cranmore Place, Chislehurst, Kent: Second,
Mr. W. R. Preedy, The Gardens, Whittle
Park, near Chelinsford ; Third, M. C. Dear.
Esq. Clerk and Steward's Office, Three
Counties Mental Hospital, Arlesey, Beds.

THE GARDENERS’
VEGETABLE GARDEN.

HERBS.
(Concluded from page 63.)

Or Parsley I need write but little. All
growers know its dawdling way of germin-
ating. It is best to make two sowings,
one in March and one in June, and, to be
perfectly safe, it is wise to make a sowing

in a cold frame im August to ensure a
supply of leaves in late spring. Parsley is
the one thing amongst herbs that the

gardener must be able to supply every day
of the year, for, in spite of their indifference
to the value of many herbs, English cooks
will have Parsley. The plant needs a deep
soil, not too rich, and it responds 10
occasional applications of soot.

Burnet likes a chalky soil, but
tion is usually much neglected.
leaves have something of
of Cucumber, and hare used,
to give flavour 10. claret and
cups.

Rampion should be sown thinly in April
or May in rather shady borders, and the
root should be fit for use from November
to April. Sometines it is eaten raw. some-
times boiled for winter salad. Occasionally
the leaves are eaten, and I see no reason
why poached eggs and Rampion should
not be as delicious as poached eggs and
Spinach.

The cheerful Marigold
and seeds itself freely.
affirm that the single form is better than
the double, but I think the taste and smell

('11111-
young
the flavour
like Borage,
other wine

its
The

grows everywhere
For cooking, some

of the petals of both are the same. and,
although it does not appear to be used
much in soups now, it is a gem of the

herb garden, and modern doctors frequently
use a lotion made from it for sprains and
wounds.

* Borage for courage ` is an old proverb, and
once seeds are sown the plant is never lost. Its
beautiful blue flowers are a great attraction.
and it has another use, other than giving
flavour to claret cup, as our ancestors loved
to preserve the flowers and candy them for
sweetmeats.

Shirrets is a herb that is grown occasion-
ally, but more as a curiosity. than for use.
It 15 stated. however, that the Emperor
Tiberius valued it so much. that he accepted
it as a tribute, and it was conveyed. to
him from Gelduba, a castle on the Rhine.

There are many salad herbs. that may be
raised from seeds if necessary. including
Corn Salad, Chicory. Dandelion, ete, but
these plants seem more in place in the
kitehen garden proper than in the herb
garden.

Some herbs
some [for their
and others for
least is the group of aromatic herbs. ‘The
raising of plants from seeds always gives
special delight, and this pleasure is heightened

their roots,
their flowers,
and not the

are valued for
leaves, some for
their seeds :

when the plants for whose shoots ono
watches are strangers. Certainly, few who
are not gardeners, and probably a large
number of gardeners also, have no idea
what Dill. Coriander, Caraway, and Anise

look like when growing. — These four aromatic

herbs, although of Eastern. origin, do well
in English gardens, but their seeds and
extracts are much better known than the
plants.

Dill for infants is still in fashion: the
name is said to be derived from the old
Saxon verb, dilla to lull- because the seeds
are soporific, and used to be given to

infants to make them sleep.

Coriander has pretty. pale mauve flowers :
the seeds have a very distinctive flavour, and
are much used in both confectionery and
vegetable preserves.

Chicory flowers provide us with the clear-
est blue that ean be found in flowers.
No one needs reminding of the uses of

CHRONICLE.

JANUARY 31, 1925.

Chicory, and immense areas are given ove
to its cultivation in France.

Bergamot gives a lovely patch of crimson.
and its essential oil is much used iy
perfumery. In America a tea is maie vj
the aromatic leaves of one kind of Bergamot
and the preparation known as thymol p
obtained from another.

Sweet Woodruff, with
flowers and clustering foliage of
green, is more often seen 111. Cottage
gardens than in the gardens of the rich
In the flower garden it is apt to become
weedy, but if a corner of the herb garden
can be given it where it can grow at will
no one will begrudge the room it takes
The green leaves when bruised have healin,
properties, and were formerly used m [|
making of wine and cool drinks.

Although the visible plays a large jar
in the enjoyment of our gardens, much of
their charm depends on the invisible. T.
there not something even more wonderful
and subtle about the unseen gft at
fragrance than about the more striking gii
of colour? There are few better places for
the study of scents than the herb garden.
And one will soon discover the value of
leaf scents and that they are permanent.
whereas those of flowers are frequently
evanescent. Leaf scents may have to be
coaxed out by bruising or pressing, but
they are there. and the great point is that
long after the summer flower scents have
departed we can enjoy the perfumes of the
sweet.leaved herbs such as Rosemary, Sweet
Bay, Thyme, Lavender, Southernwood, Balm.
Myrtle and Cotton Lavender. It is pleasant
to know that sweet odours are not only
harmless but actually beneficial. and no
doubt if our florists were to make more ot
a feature of providing us with hardy
durable, fragrant foliage. the publie would
appreciate it.

A belief that

white
brighi

its dainty

sweet scents are wholesome
is very widespread. The Malays stuff ther
beds and pillows with tho fragrant herb
from which patchouli is made, and the
name they have given the plant mean
fragrant and healthy. Eucalyptol has been
detected) in Rosemary, Sage and Lavender.
and many flower and leaf scents are known
to be both antiseptic and germicidal. Modem
science. has proved, too. that ozone |
developed when the sun shines on most
kinds of fragrant plants such as scented
flowers, Fir and Pine trees, and sweet herbs

generally. This makes the hours spent in
a sunny. fragrant garden more delightful
than ever. J

There are still hosts of herbs both interest-
ing and useful, such as Angelica, Vervain.
Fuuitory and Samphire amongst native plants.
and Liquorice, Hemp, Ignatius Beans. and
Tobacco amongst exotics, which give choice
of material for furnishing the herb garden

or medicinal border, and the collector will
experience joy in continually adding some
new kind to his or her collection. T

Auton.

SPROUTING BROCCOLI.

THe White Sprouting Broccoli is one of
the most useful vegetablos for mid-winter.

A sowing made early in April will provide

plants which may be set out in their
permanent quarters carly in June. Thr
crop will produce sprouts for use during
December. Later sowings will be needed for

the supply of large establishments.

This type of Broccoli is often planted
much too thickly; a space of three feet
between the rows and the same distance
from plant to plant is not too much te
allow for their full development on highly
cultivated land. Crowded foliage quickly
decays during bad weather, and the sprouts

become discoloured and useless. More pre
duce inay be gathered. from one strong

specimen than. from two weakly plants.
ln the event. of very severe weather

plants in full bearing may be afforded some
protection. Spare. lights arranged over 4

JANUARY 3l. 1925.

framework of wood may be used for this
purpose. All covering should be removed በክ
the approach of milder weather. as continued

dampness will cause the sprouts 10 decay.

Karly Purple Sprouting Broccoli is an
early. compact growing type, the greens
being much esteemed at Christmas. An
April sowing will be sufficient. in many

Sardens. The plants may be set. out during
June. and these will yield. a profusion of

excellent sprouts during the winter. A use-
ful succession. to this variety is the more
largely grown Purple. Sprouting, which is
most suitable for , planting in exposed
gardens.

This Broccoli is
Productive during
cious flavour when cooked.
Cardens, near Luton.

e

HORSERADISH ON

very hardy and extremely
the spring, and of deli-

C. Ruse, The Hyde

RIDGEN.

OxNEÉ is forced to admit in regard to this
plant that it may easily become a trouble-
some weed of the most enduring nature ;

necessities of practically
the country

nevertheless, the
every large establishment in
make its inclusion in gardens imperative.
lts successful production presents no diffi-
eulties, yet its potentialities as a source of
trouble are so substantial that special
consideration of 115 requirements are not

merely wise, but essential. There are two
methods of procedure which will vield
excellent roots, and choice may be made
between them as faney or convenience
Jictates. One of these, by far the older it

may be said in passing, is on flat beds to
be planted afresh every year or alternate
year, and the othor is on ridges, and
because the latter has proved by far the
more satisfactory in my experience, ] pur
pose to deal with it alone.

The first preparatory steps are taken
about the end of January, and if possible
the planting is done at the middle of
February. but it is improbable that these
dates have material importance, provided
that everything is completed by the middle
of March. A trench three inches deep. and
fifteen inches wide is taken out. the bottom
forked over roughly. thoroughly rotted
manure put in and trodden firmly to the
normal surrounding level; nothing need be

said relative to the length of the trench
because that must vary with the demands
of each place. The next process is the
simple one of building up the ridge with
sides sloping gently inwards and upwards
to a width of ten inches, or thereabouts,
at the top, whieh must be flat or, and
rather preferable taking one season with
another, with a fall of one inch from the

sides to the middle. The ridge should be
just solid enough to maintain its shape, and

any soil mixture containing flaky refuse-
manure or leaf-mould and sand may be
used in its construction.

The final phase of the preparatory process
is reached when the planting is done. For
this, thong.like roots about five inches long
and somewhat smaller in size than an
ordinary pencil are cut squarely at the top
and slantingly at the bottom, in exactly
the same manner as One prepares cuttings
or whips of Seakale. Three inches from
the top edge of the ridge on each side
insert the cuttings ina sharply oblique position
at nine inches apart 10 such depth that
the top is just below the soil level. The
end of the season will tind splendid produce
from which supplies may be drawn quickly

at need throughout the ensuing year. By
erecting one and breaking down another
ridge each year an unbroken succession is

commanded, and given reasonable care in

the clearance, not a bit of root will
remain in the ground to. prow into a

culture
effective,

The whole of the

pestiferous weed.
clean, and so

5 sO sinple, 80
that the wonder is that it has not been
adopted long since in all kitchen gardens.

W.T.

. THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

HARDY FRUIT GARDEN.

THE YELLOW PERSHORE PLUM.

IN. the November ‘SOccasional Notes `
issued by the Royal. Agricultural Society. a

brief allusion is made to the Yellow
Pershore Plum in regard to the state of
the trees to be seen in the Cloucester
and Worcester. district. The statement is
made that for the greater part, trees are

shockingly neglected, damaged branches and

open wounds are to be seen everywhere,
yet thero is relative freedom from Silver-
Leaf disease and other serious troubles.

To anyone living in the district this is but
A ore-statement of what is already well
known, but at the sarme time the facts
give rise to wonderment. It seems as though
the people have “learnt to put so much
faith in the Pershore Plum that they just
leave the trees to look after themselves.
and rely on them to vield a crop equal
to any of the superior varieties that are
pampered, more በየ les, by cultural skill,
and the old Pershore seldom fails. | Indeed.
the general opinion about here is that if
there are any Plums at all in a bad
season, they will assuredly be Pershores.
Such is fame! But it is surprising, during
the fruiting season. to see old. cankery,
lichen:covered, and, in many cases. hollow-
trunked trees. bearing a good crop in a

dilapitated orchard, and = perhaps close by
there is a well kept plantation of com-
paratively young trees of different varieties
of Plums, with scarcely a peck of fruit
between them. Old trees that have been
cut hard back, or have had their tops
blown off by gales, are remarkable in that
they seem to come to life again by pro-

ducing an abundance of young wood, which
speedily matures and bears fruit.

It 18 to be wondered why this variety is
not more often seen in counties other than
those adjoining Worcestershire. from which it.
originated. One would imagine that planta-
tions in, say, Kent for instance, would
prove profitable to the commercial growers.
but I have never seen the variety repre-
sented to any great extent in that county.
Around Evesham and Pershore, where large

arcas of Pershore Plum trees are to be
seen, tho growers seem to put great
reliance in the Pershore to yield a erop
that will bring a very profitable return
from the markets in neighbouring towns.

It appears to have almost a trade of its
own. This variety is certainly worthy of a

place among culinary Plums in the garden. -

The medium-sized, obovate fruits ripen
about mid-August, cook splendidly in a
green state, long before that date—a point

in its favour and one characteristic of
many other varieties. H. W. Stenning,
Ebrington Hall Gardens, Campden, Clos.

— M

The Germinating Power of Seeds..-Under

this heading in The Gardeners’ Chronicle
for October 18, 1924, p. 269, Sir Herbert
Maxwell makes some interesting remarks
about Pyrola minor covering about u

quarter-of-an-acre of the drier and rocky
outerop of an old lake or loch bottom that
had been drained forty-six years previously.

It so happens that ] was puzzled myself
about the habitat of this species. Sir
Herbert Maxwell states that it is not a
bog plaut. In 1917 1 found a fine colony
of this species, the plants. twelve inches
high, in the shade of Pine trees, and
vetting light only from the east. [ከር

situation was a dry one, and the Pine trees
were eut down during the war. Not a plant
of the Pyrola remained in the third summer
afterwards, though 1 noted a few dwindling
remnants during the second summer. Last
year | found several colonies in Surrey,
about a mile frein. the first-uamed colony,

81

and all of them were growing in bogey
ground under Pine trees. [ had to walk
warily on’ the top of tussocks of grass
to get near them; yet some of them
were carrying. from twelve to nineteen
flowers, with similar stems carrying the
old seed pods of the previous year. Many

vears ago 1 found P. rotundifolia flowering
under deciduous trees in a dry situation.
and nearly a mile away the same species
in boggy ground under Pine trees. 1 have
come to the conclusion that shade is the
primary requisite. 1 would also like 10
suggest that the tiny seeds of these plants
get attached to the feathers of birds when
wet, and are sometimes carried involuntarily
by them for long distances. J. F.

Bees and Apple Fertilisation._-[ find that.
my bees work the Apples quite freely in
some seasons but not every year, also they
may be working quite well on one day
but not on another. "This holds good of
all fruit blossom as far as my experience
goes. L should say that the wild Cherry,
Gean, is by far the most attractive tree
to bees, in fact I find most of the garden
fruit trees. are quite neglected when the
wild Cherries are in full bloom. I faney
very few people realise how much the
flow of nectar 18 affected by weather
conditions, and especially by temperature.
Some nectar-bearing flowers require a high
temperature, others require warmth and
moisture combined. In some years even
when conditions are apparently quite favour-
able, such a fine nectar-yielding plant as
White Clover fails to give a crop of honey.
In certain parts of America a good vield
from White Clover occurs only once in
four or five years. Other well-known nectar-
yielding plants and trees exhibit this same
peculiarity. I cannot help thinking that
the divergence of views expressed by your
correspondents may be explained by the
facts I have quoted as to the irregular and

intermittent nectar flow. Moreover, in
the spring bees will not work any flower
freely unless the sun is shining. Last year
my Peach trees in cold orchard houses

were in full bloom during a spell of sun-

less weather. Hardly a bee visited them,
and pollination had to be done with a
rabbits tail. In 1922 the houses were 80

full of bees that we had to wait till quite
late before shutting up for the night. 1
think there can be no doubt whatever that
bees are most valuable to the fruit grower.
The Americans, who are pretty observant
and up-to-date, certainly have no doubts on
the subject, and vast numbers of colonies
of bees are kept in America solely for
fertilising work with no thought of getting
a paying yield of honey. Charles G. 4.
Nix, Tilgate Forest Lodge, Crawley.

The Best Early Apple.—The notes by
Scasider, in your issue of January 17, p. 43,
aro of considerable interest, as one is
frequently asked the question by intending
planters and others: ** What is the best
early Apple?" Here we plump for Irish
Peach, eaten from the tree, of course.
This is the first Apple to ripen that is
really worth eating. It is crisp, juicy, and
has a distinct and very refined flavour,
but it is a poor cropper. 1 was surprised
to read that with Seasider it ripened either
at the same time, or after, Mr. Gladstone,

because here it comes in well before Mr.
Gladstone. Has not your correspondent
made an error here? l1 should like to
hear the evidence of other growers on the
point. Mr. Gladstone 1 rank as useful and
of fair flavour, and similar faint praise 1
would accord to the eating qualities of
Beauty of Bath and others named by

l am heartily with ከከበ when
he “ gets a move on 7 to St. Everard.
which is undoubtedly the best early Apple.
and a big. step in advance among fruits of

Neasider, but

recent introduction, It does not surprise
me to learn that this variety 18 in big
demand for planting. F. Herbert Chapman.

82

SOCIETIES.

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL.
JANUARY 27.—The fortnightly meeting at

the Royal Horticultural Hall, Vincent Square,
Westminster, on the above date, proved
very attractive, and one of the outstanding
features was the group of Hyacinths, Tulips.
otc., from Messrs. Sutton and Sons, which
was awarded a Gold Medal. Greenhouse
plants and rock garden exhibits were shown
in numbers.

Orchid Committee.

Present: Messrs. C. J. Lucas (in the chair),
(Gurney Wilson (Secretary), Jas. O'Brien.

H. T. Pitt, Frederick Jas. Hanbury, R.
Brooman White, Henry H. Smith, S. W.
Flory, Fred K. Sander, J. E. Shill,

Chas. H. Curtis, A. McBean, John C. Cowan,
Stuart H. Low, T. Armstrong, and C.
Cookson.

FIRST-CLASS CERTIFICATES.

Cypripedium Mrs. William Pickup (Alcibi-
udes x Thisbe), from Dr. CRAVEN | MOORE,
Victoria Park, Manchester. A grand Cypri-
pedium with a very large dorsal sepal,
which is broader than in most of the
varieties of its class, well.proportioned and
flatly displayed, the basal half tinged with
rose and the upper part pure white.
Two-thirds of the surface has spotted lines
of rich claret-red. The broad petals and
lip are tinged with red brown; the petals
are spotted on the lower half.

Odontoglossum Ceramic (Watsonianum >

eximium), from Messrs. J. and A. MCBEAN.
A grand Odontoglossum; the plant shown

had a noble spike of richly coloured flowers.
The sepals and petals are dark claret
purple with white markings; the white lip
is coloured ruby-elaret. at the base.

AWARDS OF MERIT.

Odontonia Nesta (Odontonia Gladys x Odin.
^t. George), from Messrs. CHARLESWORTH AND

Co. Lro., Haywards Heath. A very fine
hybrid merging the best characters of
Miltonia and Odontoglossum. The small

plant, with its first flowers, had very showy
blooms with sepals and petals rich ruby
purple relieved by a few white markings
and with white tips. The large, orbicular lip
hasa white ground, coloured ruby-purple around
tho crest, and with rose purple blotching
on the basal half of the large, white, front
lobe.

Brasso-Cattleya Bianca var. Aureamine, from
Messrs. J. and A. McBean. In size and form
one of the finest crosses of the section.
The plant bore a spike of two immense
blush-white flowers with pale yellow dise to
the lip; and another two-flowered spike in

bud.
GROUPS.

H. T. Pirr, Esq. Rosslyn, Stamford Hill
(gr. Mr. Thurgood), was awarded a Silver
Banksian Medal for a fine, well-arranged
group, in which both species and hybrids
were well represented. Among the former

the display of the neat little Epidendrum
Kndresii and a dozen pretty varioties of
E. Endresi-Wallisii .gave a fine proof of
the beauty and variety to be obtained by
judicious crossing, scarcely two being alike in
colour. Another rare species of the Endresii
section was E. pumilum, one of the rarest of the
class. The showiest of the hybrids were Odonto-
glossum harvengtense Pitt's variety, with a
grand spike of canary-yellow flowers with a

few red blotches; Odontonia Sheila (M.
Bleuana x Odm. Lambeauianum) with a
fine round flower blotched with ruby red

on a white ground; Odontoglossum Nell
Gwynne (crispum F. K. Sander cross) with
pretty dark-coloured flowers, and Cymbidium
Queen of Catton, var. Goldfinch. A good

THE GARDENERS’

selection of Cypripediums was also shown,
the best being C. Memoria F. M. Ogilvie.

Messrs. SANDERS, St. Albans, were awarded
a Silver-Gilt Banksian Medal for an excellent
exhibit. Among the fine Cymbidiums was
the handsome C. Louis Sander (Ceres x
Alexanderi), a grand rose-pink variety with
ruby blotches on the lip. "The collection
contained many handsome QOdontoglossums,
Odontiodas, and — Cypripediums, specially
noteworthy among the last-named being
C. Cappamagna var. Christmas Cheer, with
immense dorsal sepal, which has a purple
centre; C. Carola was equally good.
Calanthe Baron Schröder represented one of
the finest of the Calanthes, and among the
species the now rare Angraecum superbum,
forms of Oncidium splendidum and other
Oneidiums were noted.

Messrs. STUART Low aNp Co., Jarvis-
brook, Sussex, were awarded a Silver
Banksian Medal for an interesting group of
showy | Odontoglossums | and Odontiodas,
together with a selection of Cypripediums.
Interesting exhibits were the scarlet Onci-
dioda Cooksoniae and its further cross with
Oncidium macranthum — Oncidioda Stuart
Low, a much stronger grower, with a trailing
spike of showy red flowers. A good
selection of Cymbidiums was also staged.
the new C. Giant Rose having a grand
spike of bright rose flowers. The cross is
Alexanderi x Schlegelii..— Over fifty fine
forms of Odontoglossum were shown in this
group.

OTHER EXHIBITS.

Messrs. Cowan AND Co.. Southgate, showed
good plants of Cypripedium — bourtonense,
Cattleya Tityus, and Brasso-Cattleya British
Queen.

Messrs. ARMSTRONG AND BROWN, Tunbridge
Wells, showed the charming Cymbidium
Alexanderi Peach Blossom, with very large
flowers tinted as the name indicates; Cypri-
pedium Conference (Chardwar Bulldog x
Hera-Mannii), with showy dorsal sepal and
broad petals and lip; and a noble form of
C. Lord Wolmer var. Orbia.

Messrs. FLory ann Brack. Slough. showed

© a selection of good hybrids, including Cypri-

pedium J. M. Black

SIR ARTHUR Watson, CBE., Rathgar,
Finchley (gr. Mr. Bush), sent a very fine

specimen of Lycaste Skinneri delicatum.
Messrs. J. AND ላ. McBeax showed a
finely grown white Lycaste Skinneri.
ነ. R. Fassy, Esq., showed Odontioda
Colinge, Fasey's variety, a rich red flower
with light margins.

Floral Committee.

Section A.—Present; Messrs. H. B. May
(in the chair) J. F. McLeod, A. Turner,
H. J. Jones, Wm. Howe, Hugh Dickson,
E. R. Janes, Montagu Allwood, Jas. B.

Riding, F. Streeter, F. G. Cousins, W. B.
Gingell, D. B. Crane, W. P. Thomson, and
D. Ingamells.

Section B.—Present; Mr. Gerald W. Loder (in
the chair), Sir W. Lawrence, Messrs. James
Hudson, G. Reuthe, W. B. Cranfield, E. H.
Wilding, T. Hay, A. Bedford, Reginald Cory,
C. T. Musgrave, F. G. Preston, E. ላ. Bowles.
R. C. Notcutt, and W. J. Bean.

AWARDS OF MERIT.

Iris Wedgewood.—A delightful, early-flower.
ing lris originating from a eross between
I. tingitana and possibly 1. Xiphium. The
colour is a charming shade of silvery-blue,
and doubtless its free-flowering habit together

with its earliness will commend this flower
to market growers and amateurs alike.
Shown by Messrs. Lown, SHAWYER AND
Van WAVEREN.

Crocus chrysanthus Bumble Bl we.—Another

pretty variety of this species of which Mr.
Bowles has already shown many beautiful forms.
The colour of the expanded flower is
buttery-yellow, and the outer row of

CHRONICLE.

JANUARY 31, 1995.

perianth segments is finely markel wii.
bronze-purple, the inner ones being of n
same colour on both surfaces. There wa
one growth in the pot which had produeei
a semi-double flower with ten peranti
segments in two whorls of five. Shown hy
E. A. Bowes, Esq., Myddleton Hous,
Waltham Cross.

Carnation Hercules —A good scarlet variet

slightly flushed with rose. The flowers ar
large and solid and the stem js strong
Shown by Mr. G. CARPENTER, West Hall,
Byfleet.

GROUPS.

Messrs. SUTTON AND Sons made a gorgwu
display of Hyacinths, Tulips, and othe
flowering, bulbous plants, which were Staged
with artistic skill. The bulbs were show
in bowls of fibre, and amongst Hyacinth-
the Cynthella varieties in pink, blue, white.

Rose, and vellow shades were particularly
pleasing; these had been grown iron
prepared bulbs. Double Tulips were repre-

Tournesol, Murillo.
Salvator Rosa; Proserpine,
rose; Mon Tresor, the best early yellow:
Joost van Vondel, white: and Ibis. a
beautiful deep rose and white bloom, wer
a few of the single flowers, while Daffodils.
Crocuses, Irises, Lily of the Valley. aud
Freesias were also shown in good form.

(Gold Medal.)

Messrs. STUART. Low AND Co. displayed
Carnations and Cyclamen, and among tli

sented by the varieties

Fireball, and

former were, fine vases of Eileen Low, Sir
Philip Sassoon, a deep, crimson bloom of

good form, and White Pearl. The Cyclameus
were of exceptional quality, freely flowered.
and represented. by the varieties Vulcan.
crimson ; Pink Pearl, salmon-pink ; Cherry
Ripe, cerise: and Giant White. (Silver
Banksian Medal.)

Mr. J. W. FORSYTH brought a group oi
Cyclamen representing frilled-petalled varieties
in white, salmon-pink, and rose shade
(Silver Banksian Medal.)

Just near. Messrs. ALLwoop Bros. staged
Carnations of high quality. the varieties
Master Michael Stoop, rose-cerise : — Laddic.
and Edward Allwood . being especially
noteworthy. (Silver Banksian Medal.)

Mr. C. ENGELMANN showed Janet, cerise:
Red Laddie, and Topsy in his collection of
Carnations. (Bronze Banksian Medal.)

Forced shrubs, principally of — Azaleus.
were shown by Messrs. WM. CUTBUSH AND
Son, Ltd., who also had a very attractive
rock garden planted with seasonable subjects.
(Silver Banksian Medal.)

Large-flowered | Azaleas, Prunus triloba.
Camellia cuspidata, and Pycenostachys Daweit.

were a few of the choice subjects in the
exhibit staged by Messrs. L. R. Russet.
Ltd. (Silver Banksian Medal.)

A low-lying table was filed with large
mounds of well-grown specimens of Primulu
malacoides Princess Mary, interspersed
with smaller groups of varieties of
P. sinensis in “stellata” and other forms by
Messrs. JAMES CARTER AND Co. (Silver-gilt
Banksian Medal. Mr. E. J. Hicks showed
a number of good Roses, of which Joann
Bridge, Mrs. H. Stevens, and Corrie Koster:
a beautiful salmon-pink Polyanthus variety.
are a selection. (Bronze Banksian Medal.)

Sprays of Rhododendrons cut from 1”
open were exhibited by Messrs. R. (ILE
AND SON ; R. argenteum, creat :
R. Cornubia, scarlet; and a number el

'* arboreum " seedlings were the chief items.
The large — Orange-scarlet twin-flowered
Hippeastrum Aulicum also attracted atten:
tion ; this species is rarely seen. and proves
hardy in favoured positions in Cornwall.
(Bronze Banksian Medal.)

Messrs. BAKERS showed a small rock:
gardon, Primula Wanda being represented
by drifts of blue flowers.

Other exhibitors of hardy flowers wert
Messrs. BARR AND Sons, who showed ።
number of interesting species of Crocus
and Hellebores (Silver Banksian Medal);

JANUARY 31, 1925.

Messrs. WATERER, Sons, AND Crisp, Ltd.
(Silver Banksian Medal), with a compre-
hensive display, rich in Irises, Crocus, and
Narcissus species; Mr. F. G. Woop, who
had a neat group of hardy flowers (Bronze
Banksian Medal); Messrs. CARTER PAGE AND
Co., (Bronze Banksian Medal); and Messrs. J.
C HEAL AND Sons, Ltd. (Bronze Banksian Medal).

Conifers and other hardy shrubs, such as

Skimmia japonica and Erica mediterranea
hybrida were shown by THE ORPINGTON
NURSERIES COMPANY (Bronze Banksian
Medal) ; rare shrubs and alpines were

xrouped in a display from Mr. G. REUTHE
(Silver Banksian Medal.)

Fruit and Vegetable Committee.

Present: Messrs. C. G. A. Nix (chairman),
W. Lobjoit, A. H. Pearson, Geo. F. Tinley,
P. D. Tuckett, S. B. Dicks, H. Prince, E.
Beckett, H. V. Taylor, W. H. Divers, E.
A. Bunyard. A. Bullock, and 3. ©. Allgrove.

An outstanding exhibit of Apples and
Pears, shown by Mr. J. €. ALLGROVE, Was
awarded a Gold Medal. All the fruits were
in splendid condition for a late January
show, and they included a selection of the
best late varieties in cultivation. The exhibit
was very pleasingly arranged and included
excellent) fruits of such well-known sorts of
Apples as Bramley's Seedling. Newton Wonder,
Annie Elizabeth, Gascoyne’s Scarlet, Lane's
Prince Albert, Cox's Orange Pippin, Northern
Greening, Ontario, Blenheim Pippin, Golden
Noble, Belle de Boskoop, Adams's Pearmain,
and Hoary Morning, which was coloured to
a high degree. Choice. late Pears were
exhibited in the varieties Josephine de Malines,
Olivier de Serres, Easter Beurré, and. Duchesse
de Bordeaux.

Messrs. WATERER, SONS AND (RISP ex-
hibited some seven dishes of their new Apple
John Waterer, a very large - fruiting variety
of the Warner's King type.

GLASGOW AND WEST OF SCOTLAND

HORTICULTURAL.

Mr. T. B. Kerr, the new Chairman of
Directors, presided at a meeting of the
above Society on Wednesday, the 1411) inst.,
when Mr. J. G. Roberts, Barrhead, read a
Paper on “ The Chemist in the Garden.”
The lecturer defined the modern chemist as
a natural philosopher and a sceptic, whose
motto was, ''prove all things; hold fast to
that which is good." The problem in the
garden was more complex than that in the
laboratory, and it was. therefore, important

that the rising generation should make an
endeavour to understand chemistry in its
relation to horticulture. Emphasising the
value of experiment, he pointed out that
chemical analysis of the soil gave very
little information regarding the working of
soil organisms and soil fertility in relation

to plant life, and the best source of reliable
information was from the research station ;
in this connection testimony was paid to
the good work accomplished at Rotham-
stead. Mr. Roberts then proceeded to
discuss in detail the various foods upon
which plant life depends. The influences
of carbon-dioxide and nitrogen, which is
essential for the nourishment of all living
things. was discussed, and the effect. of
potash, lime. silica, and — imnagnesia was
commented on. Reference was made to
fannvard manure, and the lecturer expressed

the opinion that the gardener of the
future would have to manufacture his own

supplies of organie manure.

In the course of an interesting discussion
which followed, Mr. Dickson pointed out
that chloride of potash had the effect of
softening Potato tubers, and he advocated
the use of sulphide of potash. In answer
to a question, Mr. Roberts explained that.
while old manure had lost much of its
“ከዩፐኑ '” character, it had also lost a good
deal of its value, but its condition was
more favourable for the health and vigour
of plants. The chairman raised the question

THE GARDENERS’

of “finger and toe"' in Turnips, and Mr.

Roberts replied that the trouble could be
prevented by the application of lime, which
would neutralise acidity in the soil. In
proposing a vote of thanks to the lecturer,
"ir John Reid deplored the fact that no
curative treatment had been discovered which
would be effective in destroying the big-
bud mite in Black Currants, one of the
nost popular fruits of the household.

The chairman intimated that the next
lecture would be delivered by Mr. Robert
Fyfe (of Messrs. Dobbie and Co., Ltd.), on
February 18.

LANARK AND DISTRICT FRUIT GROWERS.

THE Annual General Meeting of the
members of the above association was
held recently at Lanark: Mr. Thomas
Brown, in the absence of the President,
presided. A deputation representing the
Glasgow Fruit Brokers’ Association was also
present. It was reported that as the result
of the meeting with the Fruit Brokers
Association. more favourable rates had been
secured to those growers sending consign-

ments of Tomatos to the market in non-
returnable packages (either chips or boxes).
The Association had under consideration
during the past year the question of the
income tax assessments on fruit-growers. 11

was considered that, as the farmer is
assessed under Schedule B. on the actual
rent paid by him for his holding, the
fruit-grower should be similarly treated, as

farmers and fruit-growers are both occupiers
of agricultural land. Representations to this
effect are to be made to the authorities
through the Members of Parliament for the
district.

The question was also considered of
having the valuation for rating purposes of
vlass-house and ground under fruit more
equitably adjusted than at present, fruit
and Tomato growers being much more
highly rated than holders of agricultural
land. Several points of mutual interest
were discussed with the representatives of
the Fruit Brokers? Association, and the
following oftice-bearers were appointed for
the ensuing year:—Hon. President, Mr. John
Scott, Orchard House, Carluke; Hon. Vice-
Presidents. Mr. Joseph Dyer, Kilbank,
Lanark, and Mr. James T. Scott, Crossford,
Carluke; Secretary and Treasurer, Mr. John

Lightbody, 20, Hope Street, Lanark. Com-
mittee, Messrs. C. W. McLean, Daleville,
Carluke: John Muirhead, Glencotha, Lanark ;
George Anderson, Well Buttslea, Kirkfield-
bank: James Reid, Stockwell, — Carluke ;
James Gilchrist, | Pleasanee, Kirkfieldbank ;
William MeMorran, The Nurseries, Lanark:
John B. Meikle, Pathead, Lismahayow ;
Robert Frame, Boreland, Braidwood; and

Walter Forrest, Hut-on-Clyde, Carluke.

LAW NOTES.

SALE OF SEED POTATOS.

A FIRM of Seottish seed Potato merchants
was recently convicted of an offence under
the Seeds Act, 1920, in respect of the sale
of a consignment of two tons of “Sharpe's
Express" seed Potatos with an incorrect
description of the variety.

The Seeds Act, 1920, and the Needs
Regulations, 1922. require, in the case of a
sale of seed Potatos, that the seller shall
make a statement in writing to the purchaser
at, or before, the time of sale or delivery,
containing particulars as to the class, variety.
size. and dressing of the Potatos. The name

of the variety in this connection is not
taken to be incorrectly stated ፲፻ it is true
11 respect. of ninty-seven per cent. of the

total quantity sold. In. the case in question
the seed Potatos were estimated to have
contained approximately thirty per cent. of
“rogues.” Phe defendants pleaded guilty and
ቤ fine of £5 was imposed.

CHRONICLE.

fore

83

Woop Buying DISPUTE.

THE final award has been made in a case
which has aroused much interest in wood-
owning and tree-buying circles in the north

of Scotland. The arbiter, Mr. Robert
Dunbar, Craigellaehie. Morayshire, had re-
ferred to him a question involving the

purchase of £90,000 worth of timber by Mr.
Frank Sime, timber merchant, Inverness,
from Mr. Grant, proprietor of the estate of
Wester Elchies, Morayshire. The award is
as follows:—The arbiter. having carefully
considered the representations by Mr. Sime
against his proposed findings determining
value of timber to be delivered to Mr.
"ime. dated November 29. 1924. and Mr.
Grants answers thereto, repels the represen-
tations for Mr. Sime. The arbiter, however,
having discovered certain omissions and
inaccuracies in his figures since the issuing
of his proposed findings. now finds as
follows:--(1) That the value of the timber
marked off and delivered to Mr. Sime, as
at this date, including Cardnach — and
Tamdhu, is £35,568 5s. 2d.; (2) That the
balance of timber vet to be delivered to
Mr. Sime to make up the £45.000 is therc-
£9,431) 14s. lO0d.; and (3) That in
interpreting the minute of agreement entered
into between the parties, the declaration con-
tained in clause second thereof regarding the
percentage of milling or sawable timber
means seventy per cent. of trees six inches

or over in diameter, fourteen feet up,
marked or to be marked under the con-
tract, and not seventy per cent. of the
cubical content of such trees.

The arbiter accordingly ordains Mr. Grant
to mark off and deliver to Mr. Sime, bv
the l4th day of February, timber of the
above value, £9,431 14s. 10d., keeping in
view the above finding in regard to the
percentage of milling and sawable timber;
quoad ultra, repels Mr. Sime’s claim and
amended claim. Mr. Grant and Mr. Sime
were represented by local solicitors. while
Mr William Kemp (of Messrs. Kemp and
Auchinachie, Keith) was clerk to the
reference.

Obituary.

Field - Marshal Lord Grenfell, G.C.B.,
G.C.M.G.—Our readers will learn with the
deepest regret of the death of Field-Marshal
Lord Grenfell, who passed away on Tuesday
last, at Foresters, Windlesham. aged eighty-
oldest

three vears. Lord Grenfell was the
Field-Marshal, having risen to the highest

position in the Army after a distinguished
military career. His military successes in
Sgvpt and elsewhere are well known. His
connection with the Roval Horticultural

Society as President over a period of seven
years will link his name with contemporary
horticulture. During the period. he held
the office of President the Royal Horti-
cultural Society was greatly indebted to
him, for part of the time was during the
years of the war, when his influence
smoothed out many difficulties, and. although
he placed the concerns of his country first,

vardeners, and especially those connected
with the trade. owe him a deep debt of
gratitude for looking after their. interests.
All will remember him as a worthy gentle-
man possessed of an amiable personality,
and one who did all in his power to
advance the interests of the Royal. Horti-
cultural Society and horticulture 111 general,
for he was deeply devoted to gardening,
and spent the evening of his life amidst
the peaceful pursuits of the country. and
especially of his garden. His. name will
always ከሁ associated with the R.H.S.. in
the Grenfell medal which is awarded for
pictures oor photographs and exhibits of a
similar nature of botanical or horticultural
interest.

Fri ነም 7 , ሣማ ነ
84 THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. JANUARY 31, 1925.
MARKETS. Lemons s.d. &. d. | Oranges— 8. d. «. d. TRADE NOTES.
—Murcia ... ... 12 0-13 0 | —Palermo, bitie1 10 0-12 0
l—À —Naples ... . 1 0-20 0 Mum bitter... 20 aM d —
COVENT GARDEN, Tuesday, January 27, 1926. Oranges. Jaffa ... 14 0-16 0 South ‘African . IMPORTATION OF BULBS INTO
: . —Spanish— Peaches... 5 0-12 0 WI AND.
Plants in Pots, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices. — 757 T - Agua |) በ. fe eats SWITZERL
(All 48's except where otherwise stated). a — — 0 ae Dates, per T INsTANCES have been brought to the note:
Adiantum s. d. 8. d. s.d.s.d. ^ ^C^* pe 0 ME M 1 of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries
cuneatum Cyrtomium . 10 0-15 0 during the past few months, in which con.
— n 0 ue us mie ይ 21 0-80 0 signments of bulbs from this country have
elegans ... ... s, per doz. ... 2 " Who ices.
Aralia Sieboldil ... 9 0-10 0 — s Der aor 8 0-10 0 Vegetables : Average lesale Prices been delayed entry into Switzerland owing,
youn it is stated, to the absence of a pemut
Araucarias, per s. d. s. d. s. d. s.d
doz... ው 0A 0 | NE plik and — Md | — per doz. —" from the Swiss authorities. The Ministry is
poeta Pe zoe | mies PE OE gogo Bae I T ogpmTo | leue ee dota eee ce tants ጠህ be Muse
—Sprengeri .. 12 0-18 ብ —Others ... ... 3 6-40 | —Outdoor j- 3 6
0-60 0 Marguerités, white, 18 0-30 0 — Madeira, per | Mushrooms, cups 26-30 the consignor' s declaration and official certifi-
Aspidistra, green 36 PA ' box 10-70 | —broilers 19-20
lenium, yer Nephrolepis, in Uoc 20.60 . Onions, Valencia, cate in the form prescribed in the Phylloxera
or 6s m n ው ፡ eee s ር ደት s —— Pda iis a — | per case 116027 0 DR and a translation of —
a = a ` — Bnglish ... ... 12 0-140 documents into French, German, or Italian
—nidt S 7.12 0-15 0 | Palms, Kentia ... 300480 Canary Island ^ dip ! , » € |
erm er tray, —60's . 15 0-18 0 Tomatos .. 20 0-56 | ን ክል per tg 56-70 must be furnished. The sworn declaration
—12's, 5 S d ^ pie ris, , in variety 10 rari pe oul ርም ስ Gee oe 88... ..-10በ accepted by some countries as sufficient
crotol, per doz. 30 s 1 Gi a 4 0-50 Forced Mint, per — | Potatos, Canary o —— compliance with the requirements of tle
—39'8 36 0-48 0 | —72’s, per tray doz. .. 60-100 Island, per case 12 0-160 Phylloxera Convention is not accepted by
—48's eo o 40-90 0 ን 1 gai ከ. TE best. ሽው 2 e i per ds. the Swiss Authorities In the absence of
r bundle A 30 us ecd : : — — — E
Cut Flowers, etc.. Average Wholesale Prices. ሼ ተት e "”016-13 ነ "m e ges : such declaration and certificate, the con
Chicory, per lb... 041-05 — MHCOTR d x ነ] Wi itte , ter a permit
Adiantum deco- s.d. 8. d, Roses, Safrano per 8. d. s. d. Carita: hee aK aa a | Potatos, per ton— oue il be LC. OH ን 8 E M
rum, doz. bun. 18 0-24 0 bun. of two doz. | Cucumbers, each 2 0- 3 6 | —Dunbar, ... 230 0-240 0 or its importation as been obtained by
| — — Onions ia 0129 | —King Edward 2000-2100 the Swiss Importer from the Federal Depart-
doz. bun. ....15 0-100 | (rich Brunner, Endive, per doz. ! 6-30 , NM A 0110 ment of Public Economy.
— vi o blooms 6 0-10 0 — eee nio | Radishes,doz.bun 1 3- 2 6 The issue of the necessary certificate hy
» 101ዮ(8 arma, 9 d — ገር ክን ችና . > . S e
long eral, 6'8 : d: 24 pen ከ00: 50-66. Finest .. .. 70-80 iib Forced, "T e AMEN e s ከ ል ነህ
hare pray 09-13 | —Single, per pad 80-120 —Best 50- 60 Savoys, per tally 7 6-2 0 ne premises on which the bulbs or plants
—Sprengeri, per bun. Lilac, Dutch, per French Asparagus— Seakale, per pun- were grown, and a fee of two guineas m
long sprays 16-20 | pikes eo i 40 80 SERE Green af dea. | : net pu 2 A — payable in respect of such inspection. After
i 10-16 ; — Lauris ... — 26 Spiuach. ter ushe r6 x " £ E E A :
ገ » 04-10 ን per doz. reens, per bag... 1 0- 2 0. | Sprouts. bag 20 40 the pre — E MAT ርእ ር d E pu
Bouvardia’ white, ooms ነን — — Horseradish, per | Sweet Potatos 30-40 any number of certificates can e issit
per doz. bun ... 12 0-15 0 ar A gl m,a ag; per 40-50 bundle ... 20-26 . Turnips, per cwt. 40-56 during the following twelve months, after
oar bee ee 30-40 —short, , Et pond 0 REMARKS.—As is usual at this particular season of ኞ ውክ ከ examimation will be ሽሽ.
Carnations, per ey —— 0-12 0 the year, al flowers are very dear, and the fact A charge of one shilling is made for each
doz. blooms ... 30-50 short — io 0-12 0 that Chrysanthemums are practically finished has certificate issued.
» ” d m TN hito 23 ን à à H
Coron — — Lily of the Valley, caused other white flowers to be in ure at demand.
var., doz. leaves 2 , Only ሺ few blooms of white Chrysanthemums are
Daffodils, per per doz. bun. ... 240-360 ,rriving, and these are realising from 6- to 8- a
bunch— 16-19 | Orchids, per dos. dozen. French) Paper White Narcissus, which is in
—Double Daffodils 1 6- 1 9 | —Cattleyas .. 240-800 demand by florists for ground -work, is still) dear, ANSWERS TO CORPESPONDENTS.
—Golden Spur ... 1 4-1 9 | —Cypripediums... 50-70 and the quality is not exceptional. There is some —
—Soliel d'Or .. 08010 | Prunus triloba good Italan Stock being marketed, and the florists ; ; . P"
Fern, French, per (Dutch), perbun. 1 0-16 are using this for their floral designs. Fortunately, CoRRECTION.—We regret that in our review
— bun. — 09-13 ee (aruma f Daffodils are — eas in a a anne. of the two German gardening books. m
esia, per doz. l per doz .. 90-120 and there are good numbers. of ‘Tulips, including BY - ibl ; ee ii
bun. "T .. 4 0-180 Roses, new crop, some exceptionally fine flowers. of William Copland. p. 39 ን — ribed the public ation to th
Galax, Ainerican, yer doz. blooms, The Guernsey Datfodils are a little easier in price, but the firm of Paul Parey, but it should have
— — 30 ae n i 10 0-18 0 English-grown flowers remain firm. odas are not been the publishers of Carte pnschonheüut, with
per doz. bun. ... — 0 uscus, French, over plentiful and those marketed are realising fair n ; ] à T
prenen Flowers— per bun. ace 10-20 prices. There is no Lilium speciosum ium aval but i Es , — ntly, ee i —
arnations, per Smilax, r doz. L. s. rubrum may be had and also L. longiflorum, although 10 1 O AO. ` e ls le^
T EE — i ae en alls a 0-30 thelatter is very dear: e KE MESS of English- grown given in the foot.note of the review. ‘
arigolds, per 7T 0-1 ulips, per unch— Lily-oi-the- Valley are still available. — Arums are being
m per pad eL. —Couronne d'Or 20-206 marketed in fairly large quantities and their Jr are CORRECTION: Mr. J. 15. Tugwell points out
—per bun. axe ( . —La Reine . 16-20 © satisfactory to the growers, averaging about 12 - per dozen. that his c love s Col. R. FE. Dudgeon
Narcissus, Paper —Mon Tresor ... 20-26 French flowers are all dearer thani usualand they include, EE ES, ONTO ERONAT Se AANE E
White per pad 30 0-400 | —Princeof Austria 20-26 beside Nareissi, some very fine Violets whieh are much C.B., of Cargen, Dumífries, and not a
—doz. bun. .. @€0 90 — Rosina ... . 20-26 larger than the English Violets: Marguerites, Mimosa, stated in the paragraph referring to the
pare ar sou 359 EL. Monte: 19-20 Ranune a Vd and " Niggers.’ rele ew ከ presentations to Mr Tugwell on p ol.
scarict, doz Dun —Wm. Coplan 30-40 — good selling linc, but the quality varies considerably ith ü : Po ee ን ር

—Carmine, per

doz. bun .. 80-120

Violets, per doz.
bun ae .. 20-80

REMARKS.— Business for the season of the year is quite
good, and a fair volume of produce is passing through

the market.

are inclined to be firmer in price.
Seedling and Newton Wonder Apples have
first grade packs.

tendency, especially

Apples from the North

American continent
Home-grown Bramley’s
also a better
Hothouse Grapes

are in good request in spite of competition of choice fruits

from South Afriea. Cape

Peaches,

Plums, Nectarines,

Grapes, and Pears have met witha vood rece pti ion and are

generally in first-class condition.
fairly

and Asparagus are a
price level. The

good trade
colder weather has tended to restrict

Forced. Deans, Potatos,
with a steady

the already short supplies of Cucumbers and quotations

for these are comparatively high.
year,
to the growers.
moderately plentiful with a keen enquiry.
à strong market.
little

plentiful for the time of
satisfactory level

the
steady

Canary Islands are
trade, showing

Mushrooms are fairly
but prices keep at a
Forced Rhubarb is
Tomatos from
Salads are a

or no change in values.

Green vegetables, such as Brussels Sprouts and Savoys,

show an improvement in demand ;

Cauliflowers are more

plentiful. Ample stocks of Potatos are on offer, increased
supplies of imported tubers tending to restrict prices
slightly.
Fruit: Average Wholesale Prices.
8. d. 8. d. 8. d. 8. d.
Apples— Bananas, singles 17 0-27 6
—Oregon New- የጅ —doubles ... .። 17 0-27 0
town ... BA T 1
—Newton Wonder 6 0-10 0 Californian Pears--
—Bramley's Seed- —Winter Nelis, —
ling— per case... .. 90 0-32 6
—Best ... 12 0-14 0 Grapes—
—Others . 6 0-10 0 —Gros Colmar ... 26-40
—Californian New- —Belgian Colmar
town 11 0-12 6 per lb. .. 2 0-26
—Spitz ... 13 0-16 0 | —Almeria, per
—Delicious . 12 0-14 0 barrel... ... 00 0-93 0
—W inesap .›. 12 0-14 0 Grape d.
—Greening . 40 0-36 0 Cuban . 16 0-21 0
—Nova Scotia— —Florida . - ሠ) 0
—Russett... .. 25 0-30 0 Lemons, Messina,
— Baldwin ... 26 0-30 0 per box ... 0-10 0

the exception of Smilax, of which the supply is rather short,
there are sufficient quautities of foliage for the demand.

GLASGOW.

Business was quiet during the earlier days of
but. prices, which reflected an easier. tendency,
towards the elosc; and on. Friday the highest ‘quotations
of the period covered by our report were realised. In. the
fruit. department Apples were in most. cases dearer, despite
the arrival of 174.813 cases from the Pacifice ports. New
town Pippin, Albemarle. and Winter Greening brought
42- per barre]; Baldwin. Stark, and Russets, 36:5- to
38 -: and York Jimperial 398.6. Winegzap sold at 13 0 to
16 - per ease: Delicious, 166 to 176: Newtown Pippin,
14 6 to 16.6 ; Spitzbergen, 14 - to 15-6; Rome Beauty, 12 6
to 14 6; and Grieve's Ortley, 3:6 to 13 -. Oranges con-
tinued cheap, and Grape. Fruit averaged I8 -- per case,
while Lemons brought 12 - for best (300), 1) -- to 10 - other
qualities, and 6 — per box. English and Scotch Gros Colmar
Grapes ranged from 26 to 3 6 per Tb: Dutech, 13: and

{he week
improved

Almeria, 30 - to 36 - per barrel. Winter Nelis Pears from
Rogue River made 34 -, and Washington 32- per case.

Peaches were cheap at 3- per box.

The scarcity of Onions no again reflected in the further
advance in prices, Valencia. (5's) being 19 - per case and
Dutch 148 per bag. French Beans from Madeira sold at
6- and 7/- per box.

Consignnents of cut. flowers were well maintained, and
consisted principally of Tulips. William Pitt ranged from
2i- to 2'6 for 6s; Bartazon, 1 6 to 2-: Copland, 1- to
16: Murillo, 1:4 to L6; Prinee of Austria, 10d, to. 14:
Couronne d'Or, 1- to 15: Flamingo, 12 10 1.6; Pink
Darwins, 2:0 10 29, and Tea Rose, 1 4 10 1 6. Hyacinths
varied from 101. to 16 per buneh, Narcissus ornatus from

12 to 16, Golden Spur, Scotch grown. 1 2 to 14; English
grown (With more foliage), U4 to 16. English Violets,
16 to 2-: Lily-of-the-Valley, 16 to 19; Narcissus, &- to

0 - per dozen, and Arum Lilies. 86 per dozen. Special
quality white Lilae realised 60 - per dozen sprays, and a
small first consignment of King Alfred Daffodils brought
19 to2- Us. Extra quality Carnations yielded from 3-
to 4- per dozen, and ordinary from 2- to 2 6.

Names or Euvi: D. S. A. Apple Scotch

Bridget.

SEA Sanp: H. Nea sand is quite suitable
for all strong growing plants without
previous washing, but for pr opagating

purposes and for slow-growing plants it may
be advisable to wash it.

SWEET Peas AND MENDELISM: B. If yol
will send your name and address we wt
do our best to supply you with thy

information you require.

Communications Received.—(. ]ነ.--እ31፲8. H. ፦
A. E. B.—G. W. H.—J. W.—S. B. b.

CATALOGUES RECEIVED.

Seeds.
1). G. PuRDIE, 6, Waterloo Street, Glasgow. —
J. R. PEARSON AND SONS, LTD., Lowdham, Notts.
W. POWER AND CO., 25, King Street, Waterford.

GRAINGER AND Co., 120, Old Christchurch Road, Bourne-
mouth.
RICHARD MELHUISH, Lrp., 20, Fetter Lane, EC 4-

Sundries.
CLIBRANS,
trees, ete..

LTD. Altrincham.—Ornamental and forst

Cyclamen,

H. SHOESMITH, JUNR., Mayford, Woking. — Chrys
thicinums.

GODEREY AND SON, Exmouth, Devon,— ‘hrysanthemun

Hron N. KERSHAW. Ltp., Keighley. —Tennis courts,
greens, ete,

JosEPH BENTLEY, LTD., Barrow-on-Humber, Hull.—
Sundries, oe ያ "

PERRY'S HARDY PLANT FARM, Enfield, Middlesex.
Lilies, Gladiolus, ete.

a 995 .. THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE. o LS

o CYCLAMEN =~ መመ” eee
ee at IR IV E R: | | ROBERT VEITCH ፅ SON'S
— cot lu. Hower from —— ብ6ብ] E à E SEE 1 | Lm A. .-- - Seni Catalogue for 1925 ; is now
The “Caledonian” Prive. Sisia ‘= RE “dished, and: contains all the. kadit-

A New Cyclamen, Giant White ! Wonder =) FRUIT TR EES | um of — and Flower Seeds, -
x March, ፤: = ta: P ei t pagex ot Novelties A Specialties, i
: Tie teas e. inde. s "aps — E: EA conis. 61. theuw own einng and early:
— = mas
“Dither Choice Torista n. Wepditugs. . Seed. = » aea conos hundred. arieties - t deaur ntul-
Silver teased 61669 Jong ding. 2/8 pkt. ምጭ ze መጣው Ten | | 11] Sweet Peas RE Verch — ‹ ያርቃል
CB vertenved Crimson Sm EXPE MEE hr —— — Od Ista. E ‘Hardy —
Reaves Quá መው Naw is the tme to. plant E | Eua Rare È Sante es S
ud ee Bee | B — B ^ = vi nes: Ww ድ have strong, well: ን | = = > Trees, me ይ —
y እ t . —— M RE 4 hg, "ጅም REE NT AM | ths Yà /
በር Queso 8፡9. ሠሙ ripened canes, And: "Welcome A “Ro Royal Nos TE —
Queen CR BI si i 50:1 54) .= eue enquiries. COLS ታን. : * * are Quse
BSaimun mg oo By: PSN ት pe a Ma =S HM $655 EN. OE x E T: E &. —
Manie reeg CRS he Re 2a 6: iS “3 ri
Meleeted Maxed . 0 En AEN

Coat our Ken List ‘for other ከን
t setal won vm ageweit coltivadon will de found»
| Am 98ዮ ከ96፪1[፻ free: with vied

Thomas Rivers ps 65: Ltd.
NUUS The: ‘Nurseries
_SAWBRIDGEWORTH, HERTS. .
Station: ይደ Ex N, E, R

Bibliis

5
፥
5

- ይ]ህየነ be AD —
_ FORSYTH. መ መመ md

BEEN.
Bs 8109 iif

B Sow VERISEST SEEDS ፪፻
As ፡ for the ነቀ Be vet Results y

ዝ0 'ፍ NEW S BI US | et N ROTE pue EA agi,
OUSE CA 0 ^ : UM APE ROS fi b: Vib: AGENTS Uy d ANTR '

ር ሰ RECS 3 eftered for the ürst time in Seed. [1] Vi
2 CHRYSANTHEMUMS. 2 TEN pesca] NAMED piod, FOR 36. EAS Ganoen Surrussk: NL

——

I

UTTER IDGE, LUTON,
eiue: SN J RIN HON ‘ip

a 54 TS ;ፈ “16/8195 nid Guide. pest: ዞፍ ለ E 252: Clatafogtte of ዛዛ". nther hy ፅሃሂ pies, quar fret:
BN Aprila Pibiectipys, —— me; Kew Virrietiss

mu TUTO. der prie: ER WILLIAM a CONWAY, Reweartis | ! ! | T — ^ D MER
; My ONG Bites; T E UN sd aid ARS 530, : EAST BENCHES; Bac y ji | ይንን ዲሎ.

Sears bx he ch Ho, And ! NO C meenflv. AB],
SN Deor [55 Varios et: Kenan, Antniedue Honc t
16; 341,890: Vari tes, d ethos, |

ze Alsen dign HS ‹ዐሾ. And. ቹን ሰ ad Seid:
Era iat: M epos. dew settee tta rived, Re nii gum je

dim es. "In SpA GSS, ORE Carnati Rs:
uean 4፤- P, —— eMe J Silver cone Pree
CPs. ሂ

።ጸስ በቤ pu dr as ti x 34%. SE Valet s eb a

wies, Ur. Es! tition: ends Mente ung cM Waste tes; 3:86.1፡5,
Mo A በ፻ዞ፡፲፤፪ዞ። qid id Stute f; 7778፳#79፡. wet,
Uri: OP eu, ei

H. WOOLMAN, Shirley, Birmingham

——— E
a^ os y Ex

— —

— — T ጨሠ

ANT THRA

HORTICULTURAL., CEMTRAL HEATING
AND Suction GAS PLANTS | =
Comme rane ne — — ፖ — £ —

«ብ — COKE
CRL SHER c MN

M . Revco ge o ጎታ m »
ጓ 397 QEXte ES *

= : A d ` — — ee Ju BEM FORA EES eee Ee EOM CUP —
a a ——— a, a Ee — — * or ` ~ "
. g FOs »ul 45 3 3 At. d > ፍመ . 4 Vw
. " ፡ ' »

' P; pibe ከ! ይ
o PS sige. Apa, amt
RS itt Cis e ፡
A CONT s, at BY:
yi tipy 0 ay

n ao DERE — Áo — i i

NICOTINE, INSECTICIDES |

CHAS. p. KINNELL. E co ii
55. ox Southwark pt Londen. sE

ERAEN

seins Insects” Jndesting: Segetuti

ና des ENGLISH: NICOTINE, da ug | pai dass Mea SOAF- (Nicotine Ss A F |
EC. hi "ከ. DAS Foie: ፡:፡ Ws. iis £n gant à ior TUA dant S 171481 Sue, VAS. se SAS 1. M memes tqor.
Ee v $ .::፡ 7. ች ሞል (t cow 4. 3፡ ABRA F 9: TONES, te wi "prs MIDI 43ዮ::። “SOR WEE woth. Vries ላ qu
qs l THE dt E S eC ቭ-.. ` "2 muet d: 8 ao NE, 35- WA. i i
MA i? ነ I Kn
s s | be NICOTINE. _WAPORISING, COMPOUND. CAMPBELLS FUMIGATING. 801፤5.. “ጥኑ” a
GATS) bh Kd ose ast, SERENA: Ain trot oe 3i bottes hti so copie Tor: Turpigat itg eximie es DR EL
| " il^. R. H S. Gardeners’ ur | E s - ፡1፥ነ,. Ads diet 46 thoüsam) ^etibiü de RS for Ste ፲፻ KORY, ens P (an ARCA; vet ape | CM ጋአ:
s 3l m Spas ii 16. 39. GB. 9: m- 69531. AE fi Rpts 6b6 Peet, Trog e ገደ 3; S — id ዲላ ጋይ
ES NOW READY. E | is PAR ly: d slum. rtis, file, 34. — 432 8:(.. —— icu : E Sd E
(RN Unt E handy. sue für ihe pocket, na IPs CAMPBELLS ‘PATENT SULPHUR: VAPORISER. © oe — sich KIH, a ገዘ Le 81. 4
2 Fedde: n coipatouxed. heather: - | (orit: at s የይ በ1110. ከፒ chide Mie dass d SON: Appar Pas ds ts Jt. quiste RRR £. 2
i rekhs watis: peint sb hack, pnd. | PONE MR eM BS PERRY xat MC feto prey m. ናጃ Mec re e DU ES MU p east
villi WAT a 2 2 por vA T | | የአያ. finm: Sonde: Wr, i de Fase uf 48፡6 ህገ from the dial c M. :;
ነ 11 ad nee WSs Pas
! : |
d GARDENERS: CHRONICLE, nu. | 4 | Mer D. CAM PBELL, Wicotime | — |
ails ዶፃ.. “ላ r
a 05. Tavistock Sieeet, IE E ር Lund Sirel, Čornbrook, Manchester, e
qi i | Covent — Wie Es Be AKA] | ptt Ni CN SET $ ማሮ መናን

are” PY: far the most ቁ aud: ciii read - ከዮ መመ a. iu n S pees |

፳. E Lx ; THE ሀ4 RDE NERS 4 H RONICLE,. j 5 | EAE 31. 2.

ONE GARDENER TELLS. ANOTHER!

BECAYSX. on Ys baseinas emot , kipe: tei proe wa.’ the hert ENEN
———— Án €
‘BECAUSE zonr’ Wath % gricpá: gie ng ይለ ተራህል) die ንቬቲበርሼቲ sottétucités
ETEN FURE, whew yow xvi s. o. *
| ደመ éyibodying et pert panning.
pacuan perdi » Camas vhaterials ዱያ 811389. cracteraamshin::

ESTIMATES: . vind ከ5855 picex soiis erit . with above pendit:
FOIE ሽ ሂ
ይዞን ይ. ቶር fà

An - Bundlags rested: — ke CARTER.
Brickwork wad Hesting Apnáraties - hr un

; avy park. M'Uie centes. E P 1ከ6::;ዚ Builders & Heating Eopindets

ይ 8641018185. {Sr

oime o me HOWARD ME Es
: 5 ቅ 7 AN ui 9 e ፪ M TE é ' “ግያ rA v “a ሽ *
— ys

(wHmE ERAD PANT “RINGSTON ROAD, 8 ES C ብ
rn —* 6194899059 ! " RAYNES PARK. > 4 diy 5 ነ ለቀም | | ‘ y ነ is “ 2 | => መፍ ሥል AE "ELE
BATÀRIARNER ‘gdp, WIMBLEDON 23፡፡፡ o - * LONDON, SW. 26. Ew vea vet. cip E IAA ER RN T

BURPEES .
NEW SWEET PEA

| SUNSAINE
| "Xellow Pink”

la Plant SUNS SHINE: i in your Garden —
ha

WILLIS BROS.'

Garden. Fertiliser

THE BEST ON THE. MARKET. |

NO STABLE MANURE REQUIRED.

For digging in or 98 X tape dressing! Th
Rond Gardens ar Herbaceous! Borien.

ext. 45; sept BRS 28 Hees Bs : — tú-

per ron. ላቨ Curnoge Paid. |

MATE! MATS ! f MATS! 1

New Kussian Mats, 7 ft. ከ 7 ft. by ift. 6 in. 14/ች0%5

New Hessian: Mets o ft. by 4 feia in, $9 598;

38 di

Dressed Canvas Oovers, prices on applicants

መ” — -- — —— ee ee aaa

| VINE BORDER COMPOUND.
COARSE for New Borders —
FINE a fot Renovatiag: Old: [4
25/~ per iwi, - 824 parton ^ Varriego Pie,
For New: Vie Rardéers— SP yj Sch gart dent of
rond ከ588 iin add A owe: Conigovdo
and: i እንክር! Stich £ Barorisf, zn feo"
Tansee:
ForRenewtina Oid Bordete— Renova በቅቤ
— at fhesasfacesei: withoucs NE T
gone wie, ad rou Ewi Vine Lieder
አቸ 15 esi h 658 xóodPibraps —

— «th ዉ--ዓ. ረም 22...

WINTER WAER der feu THÉ.

| Tbs entase:? [6 ነ ህ(113፡፡6009፡.

SOUTH LONDON HORTICULTURM. STORES -

Ei. scorn &. SONS’
"IMPROVED LAWN SAND

ie r-Bestey ng

Ld.

Moss ais AV ade

— Lavens 44 tw ditio

SUNSHINE from your Seedsman

! እነቤክኩ፡፡ Conrts;

(mon

— — eMe te

52 «et. Et. he 823. pet ton

SCOTT'S LAWN MANURE | (use 1:18: te ey “የዖ.
ት spguune Sada. 19 - per E E 5.5... ፡

SCOTT'S VINE AND PLANT - manure. |
፪4-- por SVE 220. per TALS Wrap mhd

TWE BLATHHOUSE FUMIBANT, FROM MEXOPMER.

— — r, —

= E :

K : * .

JANE ረ. ወ NCC ö— ሠ›- ቁጣ nu —ñ — —ñ —ñ e — > —ñ a m —
k >”

Hitestiens
in wash Rug

| KIRK’ 6. ገ ረጋ በይ n Beware ot (8(88995..- — ሄቫል0- THAMES, CONDOR, S.E, T. |
up ty ———|
Xu, Plant and Vexetihile redi (R een ;

ጋ Tet m ihr — En NE — | DOUBLE YOUR SUPPLY QF - | 38 prepated trom) Re recipe E s os
— AA 188,-; bet. 9.- — pale, VEGETABLES & FLOWERS BY SOWING 8 | E irate Canadien Apple Grower. wis te une,
Ehe Fest am i pe Mod fim ell, joa picta SA ጻሠ ጋ 1582 PRIZE GARDEN. SEEDS — E 1 j- far TES Clears fiv. aod d rianda; ፡» ዲር ኳሪ! MIT:

x ENS. Pine EnS Mito የክ. Tari avid J i 5 ደ], as. [^ i GANS: 111:1ህ856:. Tarriage URN

UE: BACC E SYM Ye WE TM XH AN OREL Ur

$ ont: (4.8 Lc 75 ice i M
e a z . "esi ch, Ligeti REA ie ፳፪ KNS: የሀኒኛ)ያ —* Votis; ay Lite

Move Keno

BARDEN. SUPPLIES. AT LOWEST: PRICES. -

NERIS A RCM cath — -r "be ነዴ VM I Je ethar
* wA $ S> "we
Cri , M > ና ኝ ያ d 4
ሃላ 4 «: j? wt " v
e pee ስ ሺ ‘
H , r * ) ‘

x an Md ey e Rea oe — SUUS hot Dea 1 UHR Priest md.

። - a; vu. 46. MU TM ት 1. * 3' "y t —* e. r 5*

455 Ergat Ph ር ብይ oy +See OO] LS ጎቱ; J t: x 1 rii: ህዶ ጣይ "hag ዕተ - Garden n Toys.
dr INR ^ Up M ew EM. xa - dee Es LN #ያፖጩ 4 [በ772 Sünde.” ጀ yae iy fi PRCA,

Has mH
ትደ:
BE E

Más LIN: Bros. a (14፡ AME: NN. nac Lud,

_HARPENDEN, HERTS:

í

WHAT POTATOES ARE YOU PLANTING |’

| SPENCE ኣ SCOTCH SEED POTATOES

Senta bles Gines d, Bieta of cigs peters |
፡፡ የንሐቀቂ184ሀህ Starks. Quara wroet Hanwell Pere

“ጌ 7« P» x
> ay dy SIT “ዘዘዘ ጠ።።ቱ» pb የህ An taoa NE

CHAS. T. SPENCE, |
Seed: Potato Specialist, "DUNBAR, 501809. |
—— —

ዘህ DANG ‘gh ANUS

DAR. ai Pbs- infe, git ISARD Qu. 4
| Bidon Patho: awa DRUMS A tip daro ans rers ^V -
'.1፤ i ኔታ tiny “ጂአ. ‘fs supe Med 65 why 45: ite s Lo ዝይ PW

125 foto, Tula’ & Yüver Medals, uid yah 596/8811

— |

Trade Mark attached b pee be o7 i

at Marere tat Pes yan BWDP it 99r apu; tr
(vivi LEADIS:
, T. 616ል5, እዩ ተፈረ The Pine ——
easy. -RIAEHAZ V, 8 SIDA ተባ ——

fy a. i Seedaitum, or hom ina ‘dle maksi zt

Lad: Timber Bush, LEIFTH

ኞች AB: i ኣላ

Imm P — cpm T TAREA IT IS THE
GARDENER ፲፻ £ —95 j dnd ales — ps Eon
| KNOWS ኢ DECEM FOOD FOR
| THAT E PLANTS.

——M

4 T qi. tu ዘዩ M dni 5g PLE EAT. : tae 10: ^B. i ish? M res * e ey ገዘ —
F የ8: - a Bi “ዊን -y far det. #፡ Jj csl ያፍ. ነ sorte lance; MY uU "uc Te tHe ከዛሁሪ t w ፍጥ
uv Daa Bia Galen lr wm ag ;

char ድ hg, Marini 22 ity io e rtm i oe Cpap aT ©: #7" PURI. T UNDA? BOL

water ዕቃ eei metho "

— — — — —

-መ--ሙ-መ-- — —— — — —

Janrary 1, 1023.

Es ET AME du :

d A Shak. nat] M ind ti =1
— * a — Sarl t 89, OF :
RICHARD SANKREY ፳ SOM. LTD.

gt ሎሜ...
— — AR.

STOVE & GREENHOUSE |

Aenlias, Ceotons, Caladiinns, Dacia, ete, al |
kinde | 67 Foliage, Flowering- & Chmbiag አበበው i
Ths largest wad —— aaa fne.

do ERTER BAILEY E $50R& LoL, -
268298 Cirig Potisry.
Wr. Manciesuef.

IN MAN'S.
RUSTIC WORK

| Summer Hous; Seats, Femoos, urcbes, dee
RUSTIC WOOD FOR. GARDENS.
Royal Works, STRETFORD.

E ELIABLE

NET SEED POTATOES

SPECIALLY. SELECTED STOCKS. — Sharpe! ሄ

kine Ea Eclipse, Sir john. Kavali ውው ጸን — q

v ; Queen Mary, Ally and Majestic...
* Lage: or Smalt duAntjties, At

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DEMS GER. SONS, - ro. AME

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Maas Hare. und Choice Varieties...

STOVE AND GREENHOUSE PLANTS OF ALL KINDS.

iniy send tor: Catadogas. M

JAMES CYPHER & SONS,
Fori ለ —

B ROCKER — STONE.
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Pioneers nof The Saentific, Methods:
of Orchid. Seedling. Raising”

“CHARLESWORTH & CO. LID,

HAYWARDS HEATH. SUSSEX. LAUR ነ

"THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE

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‘Plast RIZE ጩጠ ARHFORD, KENT, SHOW, July, 1984.
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18 JACKMAN t 501

Woking Nurseries, SURREY,

Hente ‘Inspection, af their Large and-
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SHRUBS,

| FOREST TREES, CLIMBERS:
e ndalin Must Celebrated. Clematis),

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ESTATE. IMPROVEMENTS.

GA ፳ DENERS f WI RO: Nit — LE.

| es TREES, ROSES, | |
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“RNAP © HL NURSERY, #2 ር
WOKING STATION, SURREY.

፳ 1.

SITUATIONS VACANT. (Contd. from page iii.)

We INSIDE FOREMAN,

petent plant and fruit grower,

a com-
decorator ;

bothy, attendance, and usual perquisites.—State age,
wages required, to W. E. TREVITHICK, Headfort,
Kells, Meath.

ITCHEN GARDEN FOREMAN, with
experience gained in good situations ; able to
produce a succession of well-grown veget tables in quanti-
ties; knowledge of fruit growing. pruning, ete.: state
ex »erience, references, and wages required, with cottage.
—Write G. E., Rox 96, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, WC. 2

\ ANTED,

of houses

capable MAN to take charge
good Carnation grower, fruit, Chry-
santhemums, ete. wages 38.- per week, good bothy
and attendance, duis paid 10- extra: state age, expe-
rience, and enclose copies of text imonials to R. J.
HEDGER, Glanusk Park Gardens. Criekhowell, Brecon-
shire.

ANTED, thoroughly
to take charge of lawns, herbaceous borders,
motor mowers, etc., under head: modern cottage:
must have life experience.—Apply. L. E. N.. Box

experienced MAN

97, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2
ANTED, good MAN to take lead,
Inside.—Please state wages, wlth bothy, ete..
to H. GRACE, Newton Park Gardens, Bristol.

\ ANTED, SECOND CHARGE, Inside,
also two JOURNEYMEN for Pleasure Grounds,
immediately; particulars as to experience, wages
expected, age, copies of references, with bothy —A. COL E,
Foxhill, Swindon.

ANTED, YOUNG MAN, chiefly Outside,

motor mowing, duty, ete. —Apply, with copies

of references, stating wages required, with bothy,
ete, to F. CURRY, Cheswardine Hall Gardens,
Market Drayton, Salop.

YOUNG MAN for Inside,

W ^NTED.

used to growing for market, also LAD to assist.
c AE nun full particulars, stating wages, with bothy,

NR Y, Colworth Gardens, Sharnbrook, Beds.
\ TU ANTED, Strong MAN, chiefly pleasure
gardens. with knowledge of glass, shrubs,
——— borders, single —DAVIS, Turville Court,

Henley-on-Thames.

W ^s ‘TED, capable JOURNEYMAN, for
fruit and plant houses; state age and wages
expected (no bothy), with copies of testimonials, to
HEAD GARDENER, Holme Lacy, Hereford.

OURNEYMAN, Outside, experienced in
Kitchen Garden, herbaceous borders, etc.; single
man preferred; no bothy but suitable accommodation
with board obtainable near; wage 55- includes duty
every third week ; interesting place for energetic, capable
inan desirous acquiring good all-round experience ;
first class recommendation essential: letter stating age
and experience, together with up-to-date recommen-

dation, to HEAD GARDENER, Old Rectory House,
Wimbledon.
OURNEYMAN, single man, wanted im-
mediately for about two months, thoroughly
understands Roses, climbing plants, etc.; wages 35,-
weekly, sleeping accommodation provided; state ex-
perlence.—LATTEMORE, Lakenham Gardens, Northam,
Devon.
JOURNEYN: AN, Inside 2 Vines, Peaches,
and general greenhouse — plants; 30;- weekly,
bothy, duty 4^- alternate weeks.—Particulars F. G.
CLARKE, Barrow Court Gardens, Flax Bourton,
near Bristol, Somerset.

We. rood JOURNEYMAN for
Inside, and assist

with Outside Fruit ; state

experience : wages 36;- and bothy, attendance: duty ፲ በ

extra.—J. GIBBINS, Croxteth Hall Gardens, Liverpool.

ANTED, JOURNEYMAN, for Fruits

and Plants. Indoors, under foreman; must

have good experience: smart and active; 36-, bothy

and attendance: Sunday duty paid—Apply J. MAC-
DONALD, Teladene Gardens, Dorking, Surrey.

M TANTED, two Outside JOURNEYMEN,
one able to take lead, for gardens run on
commercial lines.— Apply with particulars, stating wages,

with bothy, ete. HENRY, Colworth Gardens, Sharn-
brook, Beds.

TOURNEY MAN, chiefly Inside, must be
e reliable and have a good Knowle dge of Inside work;
please state wages, no bothy.—HAY, Hindhead Court
Gardens, Hindhead, Surrey.

Wanin JOURNEYMAN. Inside and

Out, state experience, age, and wage expected,
with bothy, duty paid, to E. SMITH, Hackness Gardens,
Scarborough.

WW A ult am smart active JOURNEYMAN,
fruit and plant houses, age 22; 32/ per week,

bothy, etc.; 6- duty every 3 weeks; references, ete.
—Apply H. WENMAN, Hickleton Gardens, Doncaster,

THE GARDEN ERS’

W ANTED, experienced JOURNEYMAN

for Pleasure Grounds, age 22, wages 335 -, with
extra. — H.
East

bothy, ete.: duty alternate weeks 5-
GREENING, Chelwood Beacon, Chelwood Gate,

Grinstead, — —

W: 7 ANTED, | two IMPROVERS, one for
Inside, one for Pleasure Grounds ; some ex-

erience : wages 30- per week, duty extra, with

othy, vegetables, and attendance.—Apply, with copies

of references, to W. CAMM, The Gardens, Cliveden,

Taplow.

TINWO LADY
work together,
flower, and

GARDENERS

neither being
vegetable gardens of a
Private Mental Hospital for Ladies.—Please apply.
with full particulars of age, experience, and salary
asked, to MRS. McCLINTOCK, The Grove House,
Church Stretton, Shropshire.

G ARDEN ER - HAN DY MAN, wife Cook-
General, live in, no children; country rectory,
near London.—RECTOR, Chigwell w, Essex.

required to
Head, in the

fruit, small

TRADE.
W ANTED, MANAGER, for Fruit Farm,

must be expert in the growing of young fruit trees
for sale, and vegetable production. Wages £3 per week,
with good residence on grounds, rent free.—Apply THE
DEVON ROSERY & FRUIT FARM, LTD., Devon
Rosery, Torquay.

W ANTED, fully-qualified | LANDSCAPE

FOR EMAN for work in France; knowledge of
French desírable.—Apply, with full particulars,
required, ete., to R. WALLACE & CO., LTD.,
Gardens, Tunbridge Wells.

ORKING FOREMAN required for
Nursery on South Coast, to take full charge:
Cyclamen, Ferns, bedding plants, Tomatoes, ( "ucumbers,
etc., for shop ‘and trade; must have had similar ex-
perience ; cottage provided.—Apply, with all particulars,

e ር W., pox 78,5, Tavistock Street, Covent. Garden,

wages
The Old

OREMAN GROWER, INSIDE, wanted,

North of England; medium- sized range of glass,
market crops. shop supplies. no fruit, similar good
experience a necessity; must be good all-round pushing
man ; good house vacant provided, very close to nursery ;
fullest references and details required with wages to
commence.— , Box 57, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W. c.2

1... growth of our Garden Crafts Depart-
ment affords an opportunity for young men about
the age of 24 to train as foremen in the construction of
gardens, laying hard tennis courts. laying out sports
grounds, etc.

Particulars of wages, ctc., will be sent to all suitable
applicants. Applications, giving age and particulars of
experience, should be addressed to BAKERS, Garden
Crafts Department, Codsall, Nr. Wolv erhampton.

Ww ANTED, | a reliable C ARN ATION
GROWER and PROPAGATOR, one with know-
ledge of Tomatoes, etc., preferred : nble to control labour
and take charge of nursery if required: progressive post;

state age, wages, and experience.—H. A., Box 64, 5,
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C, 2.

Ca TRANSIT CO.

Jj Canada, Definite situations Ontario Nurseries , j
large families, with adult girls, Gardeners, Farmhands:
Nurserymen. Sail March, houses ready. — UNION
TRANSIT CO. Glasgow.

ANTED, GENERAL NURSERY AND
MARKET GARDEN HAND, used to Rose
budding, flower growing, etc,: good house and garden;
state experience and wages required, J. H. VIRGO &
CO., Hillside ide Nursery, Walton, Clevedon, Somerset,

Wast (TED, D, YOUNG MAN for general
work on fruit farm and market garden: state

age, experience, and wages required.—tG. T. WOODS &
SONS, Bilton, near Rugby.

YOUNG MAN for Inside, with few years’
experience in good places where grown for markets ;

must be a capable grower.—Apply with references,
KERRS, LIMITED, Penrith.

EAD SHOPMAN.—Wanted, à well expe-

rienced man of good appearance for seed, bulb

and sundries department: conversant with and capable

of taking orders for nursery stock; good window dresser

and salesman.—Full particulars of experience, ete., to
KING'S ACRE NURSERIES, LTD., Hereford.

EPRESENTATIVES wanted on com-

j mission to call on Corporations, Golf, Cricket,
Tennis and Bowling Clubs ; excellent. prospects for right
men: good selling lines —EMPRESS PRODUCTS, LTD..
99, Great George Street, Liverpool.

LORIST wanted, experienced, to manage

brisk business: particulars, references, and wages
expected to D. R., Box 61, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C.2,

CHRONICLE. . |

YOUNG MEN TO TRAIN AS FOREMEN.

HANTAR Ple ARRO. 1925.

SITUATIONS WANTED

Twenty words 28., and 6d. for every succeeding
eight words or portion thereof, (Advertisements at
only accepted direct from

this special rote are
qardencrs and nursery employees.) Fee for having

replies addressed to this office, 18.
PRIVATE.

EAD GARDENER or GARDENER-

BAILIFF: Mr. A. D. Pilkington highly

recommends his Head Gardener, €. ፲. LAWRENCE,
thoroughly experienced hoth departments, good manager,
control of staff, accounts, etc.; excellent references.—
Address, Dean Wood, Newbury.

EAD GARDENER-BAILIFF seeks re-

engagement; thoroughly experienced in both
departments; control of staff, accounts, etc.; left
through estate being sold; excellent references from
late and previous employers. —BAULK, 9a, Midmoor
Road, Balham, S.W.12,
(J ARDENER, HEAD. The Right Honour-
X able LORD CALTHORPE confidently recommends
H. STOWE, who held above appointment upwards of
13 years, as highly skilled in all branches of gardening,
and of high character; leaving through sale of estate.—
Address, Grosvenor Road, Handsworth, Birmingham.

HE AGENT to the
Downshire highly

Marquis of
recommends W. GIPSON as
HEAD of two or three: life experience Inside and Out:
age 37, married, 2 children; 2 vears present situation as
second of eight: excellent references. — Address GIPSON,

Easthampstead Park Gardens, Wokingham, Berks.
ARDENER. HEAD, thorough practical

man, 30 years’ experience in all branches
Inside and Out: early and late forcing, Grapes, Peaches,
Chrys., Carnations, ete.: herbaceous, landscape, alter-

ations; good manager and organiser: 6j years present
situation ; highest references, married. — HIGGOTT,
Rockingham Castle Gardens, Market Harborough.

ARDENER, HEAD, two or more, highly

recommended ; competent Inside and Out, in-
cluding alpines, alterations: keen, thoroughly tru-t-
MOT house required. — HORTUS, 16, High Strect.
archam.

IR JOHN HARRINGTON, KOMG,

strongly recommends his HEAD GARDENED.
estate being sold; capable, experienced organiser.
age 47, married, no family—C. RUSE, The Hyde Garden»,
near Luton.

( ——— XER. “HEAD, — re-engapement,

life experience in all branches; well recommended ;
age 40; married, no family: dise ngaged ;
Ww INTER, Shiremark Lodge, Capel, Surrey

———————— መ= ==

ARDENER. HEAD, soeke re-engagement,

life experience in noblemen’s and gentlemen's

service, parks, ete.: highest qualifications and references :

14 years as Head and Park Superintendent.—H.
SMITH, 12, Park Street, Wallasey, Cheshire.

G ARDENER. highly recommended,
first-class experience all branches, gained at
Belvoir Castle, Easton Hall, Lavington Park.
methodical.—ERIC GOODEN, Preston

estate sold.—

HEAD.

Brocklesby,
ctc.; age 36;
Hall, Maidstone.

(8... HEAD, thoroughly
life experience all branches; good
married.—R. HARRIS, Chinthurst,
Surrey.

capable,
references :
age 40; Leigh Road,

Cobham,

( YARDENER. HEAD or

ጃፓ HANDED, desires post ; age 39,
good PARKER,

Codicote,

SINGLE-

married, girl
Teferences.— B. Myrtle Cottage,
Welwyn, Herts.

G AARDE NER, HEAD of two. or SINGLE-
HANDED, life experience in good establish-
ments, highly recommended by present Head Gardener:

age 30, married when suited, Bucks preferred.
Please state wages.—C. A. Box M, 5, Tavistock
Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

ARDENER, HEAD, or SINGLE-
X HANDED, thoroughly experienced; — married :

good references.—A LBERT
Sutton Courtney, Abingdon,

disengaged 13th February ;
JAMES, Manor Cottage,
Berks.

HE AD WORKING G AR.

DENER desires change of appointment, Surrey
preferred ; excellent character, abstainer, R.H.S. Certifi-
eates, National Diploma for proficiency, life's experience
in all spheres of horticulture; successful exhibitor,
expert. Carnations, forcing, ete.; accustomed to super-
vise large staff, and complete control; 38.—C. J. SN.,
Box 90, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2,

ROF ESSION. AL

JANUARY 31, 1925.

HEAD WORKING, where

three or four are kept. life's experience in
the same, thoroughly experienced Inside and Out;
age 37, married, four children.—GOR DON, Box 89,
5, Tavistock Street, (Covent Garden, W.C.2

[1:5 WORKING GARDENER
situation, age 38, married, one boy aged 8;
thorough practical man with 23 years’ experience, Inside
and Out: leaving through death; excellent references,
at liberty.—C. MEARS, Yattendon Court — Gardens,
Near Newbury, Berks.

(3 ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, where

several kept. thorough practical experience all
branches, Inside and Out, gained in good establishments :
last place 12 years as Head; disengaged owing to sale
of estate: highly recommended; — single.—G. SIMSON,
25, Lime Walk, Headington, Oxford.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, thoroughly

experienced ‘all branches, 185116 and Out, gained

in good gardens: Carnations a speciality; excellent

references, married, no children.—W., & Powis Road,
Brighton.

G ARDENER,

seeks

( ARDES ER, HEAD WORKING, near
Oxford, requires situation where several are kept ;

married, no family: life experience, highest references.
wi e W. T., Box 84, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,
( ARDEN SER, HEAD WORKING, seeks

re-engagement, life experience Inside and Out;
management large establishments: 15 years’ Head:
age 42.—WARREN, co Mrs. Mills, 9, Upper Dagnal
Street, St. Albans.

M ES: COLE, Sherfield Hall, Basingstoke,
ል wil be pleased to recommend J. KEITH aa
HEAD WORKING GARDENER where two or

are kept: life experience, age 34, married,
children. —The Gardens, Sherfleld Hall. Basingstoke.

(3 ARDENER. HEAD W ORKING, of four

or more: age 36, single; life experience all
branches, capable and trustworthy, of good character.—
Particulars to W. A., Box 77, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C.2

(g^ ED ን HEAD WORKING,
re-engagement: life experience in all depart-
ments; marketing of surplus produce and the
general management of a good Er EE cd 7
years Head: age 40, married.—R. W. L., ጸን,
5, Tavistock Street, ‘Covent Garden, W.C.2.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, accus-

tomed to requirements of good establishment, age

42, married, no family: 3 years’ excellent reference from
employer.—F. WICKS, Chearsley, Aylesbury, Bucks.

seeks

| አርከ WORKING GARDENER, life ex-

perience all branches Inside and Out, including
Orchids, electric lighting, management of stock, ex-
cellent. testimoniais; at liberty any time.—WHITING,
34, Bushey Road, Sutton, Surrey

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING ; court or

more kept; life experience, Inside and Out, in
good establishments : excellent references ; age 37; married,
one child.—W. G., Box 72, 5, Tavistock street, Covent
Garden, W. Cum

— À — — —

HE COUNTESS OF STRATHMORE highly

recommends W. BRAGGER as HEAD WORKING

s NER: thorough, practical,

: years here as Head; leaving own wish; married ;

age io- BRAGGER. 6, Barton's Lane, Market Drayton,
opshire.

reliable hard-working

JH EAD WORKING GARDEN ER, thoroughly

experienced in up-to-date gardening, all branches :

reliable references past and present employers; temi-

rarily employed, interview if necessary.—BOLTON,
81፻በ911. Carmarthen Town.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING (Scotch)

or good SINGLE-HANDED, thoroughly practical

all branches: highly recommended, age 43, married,

no family. free when suited; cottage.—T. EWART.
Raglans. Reigate, Surrey.

Heo GARDENER, WORKING, or

good
FOREMAN, at once, present place four years,

age 40. married: lifetime experience, — excellent
character and refs.—SPARROW, Partingdale Lodge,
Mill Hill, N.W.7.

ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED or HEAD,

age 34, requires situation, Surrey preferred; 17 years’

experience, good references ; cottage required ; married

when suited—WHINNETT, 17, Cottage Grove, Surbiton,
Surrey.

YARDENER, SINGLE - HANDED, soeks
Ji situation; life experience, Inside and Out; disen-

gaged; 6 years last situation; good references; age 38,
UE: LP. KING. Rose Cottage, Shilton, Burford, Oxon

Xx ARDEN ER. SING LE-HANDED., 24 ——

experience, 11 years present place; married,
no family, disengaged February 21, cottage required ;
excellent — refs.—Write, M., 49, Wellesley Road,

Wanstead, E. 11

THE GARDENERS

ARDENER seeks post, SINGLE.

J HANDED. good all-round: married, no family.

—Address, PARKER, 71, Tradescant, Road, South
Lambeth Road, Stockwell.

ARDENER, © experienced, SINGLE-

HANDED, seeks place, flowers, fruit under glass,
kitchen garden, poultry; single: references. — GAR-
DENER, 22, New Street, Three Bridges, Sussex.

ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED. or with
help. experienced Inside and Out: married, no
family. —G R EEN. Kingswood Lodge, Romford.

ARDEN ER, SING L E-H: ANDE D

or cate

wise, requires situation: life experience, good
refs., : married, no family: cottage required.—G. A. S.,
Box 86, 3, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2.

JING LE-HANDED GARDENER.- Situation

እኒ wanted, R years’ experience, references, could
be disengaged at any time: Midlands preferred ;
age 25, married.—H. R., Box 82, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C.2,
ARDENER-BEEKEEPER, age 29, mar-
ried, requires situation, cottage preferred: good
all-round experience last place. single-handed, 4 acres,
woodland, kitehen garden, fruit, poultry, bees, houses,
lawns, herbaceous, pleasure grounds, hot water system:

excellent testimonials. —BOULTER, Wavertree

21, Svdenham Hill, London, N .F.

ARDENER.
age 38, single.
Pleasure Grounds :
39, Hotham Road.

Cottage,

SEC OND, seeks

used to Kitchen
good references.—4A.
Wimbledon, S.W. 19.

situation,

Garden and
H. FOOTE,

R. H. LLOYD, The Gardens, Tewin

Water, Welwyn, Herts., confidently recommends
S. WILMOTT as SECOND GARDENER in good
establishment. thorough experience Inside and Out;
age 27, married when suited. Please state wages.

T.-COLONEL

4 recommend F.

POSTON wishes to highly
MATTHEWS as UNDER-GAR-

DENER in large place: thoroughly honest, steady,
three years’ character; free now.—MATTHEWS, Church
Road, Be Barnham, near Bognor.
1... GARDENER seeks situation in
goods establishment.—SYMONDS, High Street,
Abbots Langley, Herts.
R. C. S. ORWIN sica — to re-

N commend J. E. PRISCOTT as UNDER-GAR-
DENER: age 20; five vears in present situation, with
sound training in vegetable and flower garden: strong
and willing. with excellent character—Apply J. E.
PRISCOTT. Woodcombe, Minehead, Somerset.

N

mend WALLACE

R. J. B. LOWE, Croft House (Gardens,
Pangbourne, Berks.. wishes to confidently recom-
TURNER, age 32, single, as

FOREMAN, or good SECOND; Inside and Out; life
experience: excellent references: Surrey preferred ;

please state wages.

፡. Inside, or charge of inside
department; previously foreman in good estab-

lishments: age 33: life experience private and com-

mercial: good refs.: disengaged. — WELLER, Church

Road, Hartley, Longfleld, Kent.

KE - GARDEN FOREMAN, well
experienced. in growing a regular supply of vege-
fruit, ete. ; recommended as giving entire satis-

married.—H. B. b. Box ክና, 35, Tavistock
W.C.2.

tables,
faction ;
Street, Covent Garden,

ITUATION required as KITCHEN GAR-

ኑኦ 7 DENER and Hardy Fruit, 6} years present
situation as above, good previous experience, well
recommended: age 245, married. when suited. — W.
MORRIS, Oakley Park Gardens, Bromfield, Ludlow,
Shropshire.
M R. A. W. V ANS can confidently recom-
mend €. HARE to anyone requiring the
services of a good, experienced KITCHEN GARDENER

and pleasure grounds, ete.: 4 years’ excellent. reference
here; 6 previous: honest and industrious: age 28,
single. Please state wages with bothy: disengaged.—

The Gardens, 4, Hall Road, Regents Park, X.W. ።.

I lTCHEN c ARDEN KR

age 34, married, one child;
hardy fruits, ete. ; excellent. refs.:
ments.—TALBOT, Farm Cottage,

Bucks.

ME; 1. CRADDUCK, Middleton
ane Bicester, can with confidence

mend ላ. MEADS as JOURNEYMAN,

good establishme nt, 10 years’ experience

years here: age 53.

desires change,
12 wears! experience ;
willing other depart-
Wittington, Marlow,

Park
recom-
FIRST, in
Inside; two

JOURNEYMAN, Inside or Inside
Out: good refs. single, age 28. State
MASKREY, Carsington, — Wirksworth,

IRST
and
wages, — R.
Derbyshire.

‘CHRONICLE.

X111.
OURNEYMAN, age 23, seeks situation
e Outside where self or one other in bothy, or
quiet lodgings preferred ; years good experience,
excellent refs, disengaged h of February, now in

Midlands. — Apply, E. DB. ae %, 5, Tavistock
Street, Covent Garden, WC:

OURNEYMAN, Inside, age 22, 4 years’

experience, can be well recommended —Apply 8. W.
TUCKER, Longford Castle Gardens, Salisbury.

— — — — — — — — — — ——

OURNEYMAN, 229,
e Inside and Out, 53
references, disengaged when
5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,

OURNEY MAN,
e change to Pleasure
wages, — H. HAMBLIN,
Midhurst, Sussex.

R. F. BACK. The Gardens,
Park, Godstone, Surrey, recommends W.
as JOURNEYMAN, Inside, 9 years’
23: fruit, plants, and decorating: 2

OURNEYMAN seeks situation
e garden under Foreman; good reference; age 22;
able to take duty; bothy preferred.—A. LEE, The
—— ohn St. Clere, Kemsing, Sevenoaks, Kent.

requires situation,
years’ experience, good
suited.—C. L. B., Box 99,
W.C. 2.

wants
. state
Gardens,

Inside,
age 23:
Park

8 years
Grounds,
Cowdray

Rooksnest
BAKER
experience, age
years here.

in Kitchen

Hall
SHAW,
21.— Please

ME NAR. W TIZZARD, Kirklington
Gardens, Southwell, Notts., recommends €.
as JOURNEYMAN, Inside and Out ; age

state wages, with bothy, to C. SHAW
OURNEYMAN, age 25, seeks situation

Inside, under Foreman: fruit and plant houses:
good references.—F. HOUCHEN, Leladene Gardens,
Dorking, Surrey.

OURNEYMAN

and Out, age 26;

—$8. L. A., Box 88, 3,
W.C.2.

ME MAN seeks position as IMPROVER
in good gardens or nursery: age 20; considerable
general experience: abstainer: please state wages, and
if bothy.—GOLDSMID, Shepherd’s Cot, Tankerton, Kent

seeks situation, Inside
single: good refs.: state wages.
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,

DVERTISER can

17, as IMPROVER,
habits and good worker;
The Cottage,

MPROVER, age 21, strong and willing.—

Mr. Chitty, Sennowe "'Gardens, Guist. Norfolk,
could recommend <A. TOLL, for same: been here
nearly seven years.

recommend YOUTH,

in good-class garden. Tidv
live in bothy.—E. PRESTON,
Ambrose Lane. Harpenden, Herts.

ONSTANT situation wanted as GARDEN
+ LABOURER, any part of country, rough dig-
ging.—LEADBETTER, co Doctor Datta, Preswylfa,

Tylorstown, Glamorganshire.
ARDEN Ww ORK — à in district
surrounding Walthamstow: part time: employers

would find advertiser an interested worker.—W. À.,
44, Somerset Road. Walthamstow.

OWMAN, age 34, seeks situation, 12

/ years’ excellent. reference ; experienced with Jerseys
and others, poultry, and good butter maker; willing to
fill up time in garden, if needed, or otherwise.—HARE,
50, Paddington Street, Marylebone, W.1.

TRADE.

MANAGER seeks position of
experience all branches; expert
travelling.—BLACKk-

ቪኤ... RY

trust: 25 years’
florist, landscape. correspondence,
BOURN, Clive House, Alnwick.

AN Oe FOREMAN, 20 years general
nursery experience

Outside, desires re-engage-

ment, well up in fruit and Roses, trained trees a
speciality: married, age 42.—F. W. WICKENS, 12,
South M imms, M iddlese X.

Hills C ottage,

ROWER of Ferns, Cucumbers, C MEL :

Tomatoes, Bedding Plants: single: 30 years’
experience, age 48. — WI LLSON, Holliday, Shop,
Scothy, Carlisle.

DVERTISER. possessing sound knowledge
Pa of the bulb business, with many years' practical
experience in all branches, wants post where energy
and ability would be appreciated ; methodical, good
organiser, correspondent, and book- keeper.— BU LBS,
Box 94, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

C W. BARRETT & SONS. Southbourne
‘e@ Nurseries, Bournemouth, can wel recommend
PHYLLIS DUNN, age 19 years, as IMPROVER, under
glass mostly preferred, Leaving to gain experience,

THE ወ ARDE NERS CHRONI CLE. E 9:82:1:4:::.:31. 1925.

— — —

Ad iu O ——— LRL PIC «ይሸ... ጭው ጨመነም- ጣለሌ edm — ==

PW 1808, "FOREMOST IN 1925. |

QAROEN FRAMES”
wooD. LATH ACINOS
GARDEN. SEATS, ete
hn: feet ‘promptly. rant 569:

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3 ፳ ten. nisc laure. ዳርታ Seale” Mrs

— ት ot

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— hasit ሩፒ distr Ronstinction ait abe
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| ዲሪ 6. * (Chelsea) |

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Tent AA RR NN, .1925, 3. record ot: 84 years. cl. ‘sound. construction.
GooD ‘Greenhouses: Asst others: do not.
The ROBIN HOOD- BOILER

“reduces the fuel bill and. saves pre
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P HORSE SHOE BOILER sh NOR ዱክ 1
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= ithe HOTHOUSE: ‘pat at about. rG years age. ሂሪ” SER SS
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= " warth besides what? Cae: AAV sair ንአይ አና —
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= ere ያክ” Boot: Ke pt T ane "Your: Greenhouse, ds Pii 08 Bequest UNE T LETS COE MI
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= E: Rhododendron | ወ

— — — —

—

—— — — — — — — —— —

waa ike: — E erit — — — — a — —

No, 1988. Na LXXVIL — SATURDAY, | F EBRUARY 7 7, 1925 y Registerad z see RICE 6d.

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11.

SALES BY ው ን ኔኔ

Wednesday Next, February 118.
IMPORTANT TRADE SALE OF
Spring and Autumn-flowering Bulbs,

Including Cases of GLADIOLUS, | EARLY and
LATE - FLOWERING DOUBLE and SINGLE
BEGONIAS, GLONINIAS, HARDY [BILIES in
variety, SPIRAEAS, LILY - OF - THE - VALLEY,

DELPHINIUMS, PAEONTES,
Large
Roses and Herbaceous Plants, Fruit Trees, etc.,

ANEMONES, etc.,

quantities of

together with upwards of
400 CASES OF JAPANESE LILIUMS,
Comprising LILIUM SPECTOSUM RUBRUM, MAGNI-
FICUM and MELPOMENE, AURATUM, ete.,
Also a of MUSHROOM SPAWN.
BAY TREES, PALMS, AZALEAS, ASPIDISTRAS,
RHODODENDRONS, BOX TREES,
the Continent.

ESSRS. PROTHEROE & MORRIS
^ will sell the above at their SALE ROOMS
67 & 68, CHEAPSIDE. LONDON, E.C. 2.

quantity

etc., from

Catalogues post free on application.

WOKINGHAM, BERKS.

Sale oof well-grown NURSERY STOCK,
comprising

5,000 OVAL-LEAF

2.500 MYROBELLA

APPLES,

PRIVET.

PLUM for Hedging,

250 PYRAMID PEARS AND PLUMS,

4 to 6 vears, good sorts,

DOUGLAS FIR, RHODODENDRONS, CLIMBING

ROSES, GOOSEBERRIES, CURRANTS,

BERRIES. and

RASP-

other Stock.

ESSRS. PROTHEROE & MORRIS
are instructed) by Messrs. Sale and Son,
(Wokingham), Ltd.. to sell the above at

THE BARKHAM ROAD NURSERIES,
WOKINGHAM,

on

Wednesday, February 18th, at 12 o'clock.

On View. Catalogues on the premises. and of the

Auctioneers

67 ሎት 68) CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.C.2.

BUSINESSES FOR SALE.

UBREY & CO. 96.

ፊ London, B.C

Newgute
1, offer splendid. Florists’ Business in
fine main road position of residential London suburb:
premises comprise bold corner. shop handsomely fitted
with house attached, palm and plant house, garage,
stores, ete.: long lease, 37 years unexpired at. low rent:
turnover about €4,000, net profits £500 to C600. vearly,
Price for valuable Lease, Goodwill, Fixtures and Fittings,
£1,800. Stock, ete., about. £200,

Street,

ee & CO. oler

small N urserymans’,

Florists’ Fruit and Seed Business in Oxfordshire:
shop and roomy house in main street with 1 acre ን
and glasshouse, frames, ete. low rent on lease; turn.

over £000. Price £230,

THE

GARDENERS’

PROPERTY FOR SALE.

MURS PROTHEROE & MORRIS,
Horticultural Auctioneers and Valuers, 67 & 68,
Cheapside, London, E.C.2 (Established over 00 years),
have the following properties for disposal and will be
pleased to send fuller particulars on application :—

SURREY (5761).—To let, small holding and bungalow,
rent. £120 per annum, inclusive.

KENT (5748).—To let, Nursery,
houses, rent £25 per annum.
sundries, ete., £250,

of 1] acres, 5 green-
Price to include crops,

NORTHAMPTON (5734).—Old established Rose Nursery,
area 134 acres, low rent. Planted about 10,000. Roses.
Price as a going concern, €300.

HEREFORD = (3745).—To let, Freehold
and Vegetable Farm, stone built
farm, and trade buildings. Over 57 acres.
per annum.

KENT
houses,
loek-up
valuation ;

Fruit, Flower,
residence, garage,
Rent €170

14 acres, 1! green-
and sheds, also
Stock at

(5774).— To let, Nursery, of
large hut, office and shop
in town. Rent £175. per annum.
freehold “በክ be purchased.

Farm and com-

KENT (5756).—Smah pleasure. Fruit
Price complete,

fortable house, 2} acres of good land,
£1,250,

Fruit Farm of 18 acres,
cottage and outbuildings,

SUFFOLK (5662).—Attractive
good residence, greenhouses,
Priee, freehold, £3,750.

MIDDLESEX (5771).—58mall. Nursery, 2 acres, 2 green-
houses, frames, pits, and sheds, good local trade. Rent
£25 per annum. Price all at. £350 including Ford Van.

ESSEX (5765).—Small Nursery,
and dwelling house, packing shed,
Price, freehold, £1,400,

Register on

] acre. 3 Tomato houses
chicken houses, ete,

Newest application.

BUSINESS CARD.

ROTHEROE & MORRIS, Horticultural

Market Garden and Estate Auctioneers and
Valuers, 67 and 68, Cheapside, London, E.C., and at
Leytonstone, E. Monthly orticultural Register had on
application.

PLANTS, &c., FOR SALE.

Small Classified Advertisements. Twenty words
(or three lines including headline) 48., and 1s.
for every succeeding eight words (or line or part
of a line). Fee for having replies addressed to
thia office, 18. Displayed advertisements, 8a.
per inch, or 108. facing editorial matter.

= AND REGAL PELARGONIUMS.
K

The most. brilliant and gorgeous colours. Buy now
for a lovely display in the early summer.
from 3-inch pots in 12 separate named varieties, 9/-.
Newer and more scarce varieties, 12'-, 15/-, and 17/6 per
dozen (all our own selection), sent free by parcels post
for cash or in leatherboard pots by passenger train, 2/6
per dozen extra.

Dahlias, pot roots, Cactus, Decorative, Pompons
and Collarette, all at 6'- per dozen, all separate named
varieties (our own selection). Wil make fine early
plants grown on under glass.

Plumbago capensis, favourite greenhouse climber,
lovely blue shade, 1,-. Plumbago capensis alba, 1/-.
Sent free per (Parca Post when 5- and upw in
value for cash with order (exce t plants in pota).
Catalogue free, orders under 5/- extra for box and
postage.—J. W. COLE & SON, Westwood Nurseries,
Peterborough.

Strong plants

ERNS! CALADIUMS !!—Begonias, Palms,
Crotons. Dracaenas, Gloxinias, Hydran eas,
TRU Fricas, Lilies, Ferns and How to
Them, * J. E. Smith, 3/6 EN. free. SMITH,
ern

London Nurserles, London,
l 0 0, 00 LARGE GARDEN FERNS,
30/- 100, variety; wanted 1 000
6 Azpidistras for dividing. Catalogues free.—
TH, Fernery, London, S.W. 9.

pas AND. BAY TREES. Bay Trees

established in tubs; magnificent selection in all
sizes. Sizes and prices on application. Unique collection
of Palms in all sizes. Prices and catalogue on application.
—ROBERT GREEN (1911), LTD., 28, Crawford Street,
London, W. 1,

-

CHRONICLE.

— i — — — — — a —— MM — — — — —À— —

FEBRUARY 7. 1925.

IMALAYAN, Chinese and othor Rhodo-

dendrons on their own roots. Shrubs, Alpines.
and border plants, Aquatics, Lilies, etc. Write for
Lists.—G. REUTHE, Keston, Kent.

USH PRUNUS PISSARDII, 3 to 4 ft.

ER doz. ; Ceanothus G. de V. and M. Simon, 42
doz. ; anese Maples in variety, 42/- doz. — WM.
8168፪0 & SON, Highgate, N. 6.

T'NGLISH YEWS, l4 ft. to 5 ft.; good

1, stocks.—WM. BIGNEL

BELLADONNA LILY ; monster Bulbs, per

& SON, Highgate, N.

doz. 10/6 first size, 8/-; second size, 5-:
third aise, Pur post free. so far as unsold.—W M.
POWE Co., pe Waterford, Nurserymen and Seed
Meran s
10 GLADIOLI for 88. 9d., post paid.

The most dazzlingly brilliant flowers on earth,

with spikes of blooms 18 ins. long: 12 each of 9 kinds
(108 bulbs), all separately packed and named, for 8s. 9d.,
post paid; half lot, 4s. 9d., post paid (cultural in-
structions and beautifully illustrated Flower and Vege-
table Catalogues included).—R. KAY & CO., Goodmayes
Road, Goodmayes, Essex.

Doo AND GLOXINIAS. — Kay's
ንች ane strain with blooms often measuring 8 ins.

a collection of 12 Single and 12 Double Begonias,
— 6 Gloxinias—all separately packed and named. with
cultura] instructions and illustrated oes. for 68. 3d..
post paid: half lot, 3s. 6d., post paid.—R. KAY & CO..
Goodmayes Road, Good mayes, Essex.

pel FOR FORCING.—MORLE & CO.,
Ltd., offer Azalea Indica and mollis, Acers, Almonds.
Deutzias, (Genistas, Hydrangeas, Laburnum Vossj, 1.
Valley, Liliums, Lilacs, Rhododendrons, Spiraeas.
Wisterias. etc., grown in pots.—156, Finchley Road, N.W.

AEONIES.—We offer strong
12 very best sorts, 12;- doz :
9/- doz—MORLE « Co., as above.

LADIOLUS in 35 best named varieties :
Begonias—our celebrated Gold Medal large

flowering, in 6 separate colours; lists free.—MORLE
& CO., as above.

clumps in
Delphiniums ditto,

ILIUMS.—Enormous importations at very

low prices; all the popular varieties in stock:
lists free.—MORLE & CO., as above.

O FLORISTS.—Cut

Asparagus Nanus,
medium size fronds,

1:6 per bunch; large sprays,
2/6 per doz.; long trails, 5'- per dozen. Asparagus
Sprengeri 2:6. per bunch, c.w.o., carr. and packing
free on orders 10—- and over.—H. 8. HOLMESTED,
Bretby Nurseries, Burton-on-Trent.

OTATOES, Scotch Seed Excels.—Price list
from KERR & CO, Seedsmen, Glasgow.

HUBARB Roots, Champagne, earliest and

best-coloured var., strong planting crowns. 3'- doz.,

2 doz. 5/-, 15/. 100, CAIT. paid: quantity cheaper.—
GOODWIN. Grower, Ponders End, Middlesex.

(op nen Seedlings, 3 to 5
J leaves, special strain: Salmon Scarlet, White
Mrs. Buxton, Crimson and White St. George, Crimson,
Salmon Pink, 2'6 per doz.: 16- 100, post free.—
DUDDRIDGE, Ockham, Woking, Surrey.

HRYSANTHEMUM (Cuttings, all the best

and latest varieties at reasonable prices, cool

grown clean stufl. Write for list post free, state
aper. —"ORTHING NURSERY CO., Gannon Koad,

Worthing.

G ERANIUMS.- ‘Paul Crampel (true). well.

rooted from pots, £1 per 100, carriage paid :
any quantity supplied.—WILLÍIAM BACK, Brogyntyn
Gardens, Oswestry.

-ALE.-—Two Pandanus Veitchi. 8-inch pots;

— specimens, 4 feet by 4 feet, oflers wanted.—
JON iS, Newton Lodge, Shirenewton, Chepstow.

NHRYSANTHEMUM M. J. VALAT.-—Good

^ white, decorative cuttings, cool grown, 1 9 doz.,
or exchange good early vars,—LARKE, Barton. Road,
Winscombe, ከ ከዚ c RON.

Sycoren SEE! SEE D POTAT OES. - Duke of York.
May Queen, Express, Eclipse, Epicure: Di Vernon,
Katie Glover. Great Scot, ከ. ot K., King Edward,
tochar, Witeh Hill, Dargill Karly, Midlothian Early,
Arran Comrade, Bishop, Golden Wonder, Majestic.
Hhoderick Dhu, ete.: prices per stone, cwt., and
ton on application. List of vegetables and flowers
free.—TILLIE WHYTE AND CO., 12, Melbourne Place.
George IV. Bridge, Edinburgh. — Established 1937.

ጫ AK. ALE FOR FORCING, 25s., 20s.. los;
planting thongs, 4s. 6d. to >. 6d. per 100. C.p..
(. GARDNER, Ruxley, Claygate, Surrey,

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Fesprrary 7, 1925.

THE GARDENERS

THE

Gardeners Chronicle

No. 1989—SATURDAY, FEBRI “AR Y 7, 1925.

CONTENTS.

Alpine garden— Obituary—

Astilbe simplicifolia 91 Lee-Warner, Philip ... 101
Annuals for conserva- Watson, Wm.... ... 102
tory and greenhouse Parks and Gardens ... 97
decoration — .. 00 Pest of greenhouses, a
Bananas in Uganda ... 99 | Bew — ... 0. 0. 96
log garden -— Mt ‹፻ን 1 18 በ15 hew or note-
Brazil or Para Nuts ... 99 worthy—
Canada. the fiora ol E ኤን Acanthosabal "o 505.3 ህ1
Florists’ flowers— Plants which remain
Carnations... "EE steadfast * .. U9
QOIS ንይባ< : :
UE DUAS OE <ul Potatos — and virus
flowers vik oe eas’ ዕጸ) diseases, seed 3
** Gardeners’ Chronicle "' —— 9 s
seventy-five years ago 87 | Societies— 9 |;
Gardenin antiquity, the 1 British Florists pu 101

Garden on à city roof ጻን Gardeners’ Roval Ben-

Government Botanic evolent Institution 100
Gardens ae ... ህና Manchester and North
Hardy flower border— of England Orchid 101
Alstromeria ... .. 90 Royal Caledonian
The Shaggy Hawk- Horticultural soe 101
weed .. . .. ... 99 | Tomalin, Mr. T. E. ... 86

Indoor plants—

: RENE Trees and shrubs—
Cordyline indivisa ... 10

Rhododendron hippo-

Lachenalia — ... .. 8ህ phacoides ... "EE
Sal ia ionantha %90 "
» intpaulia ionantha Vegetable garden—
Kew Notes— The Tomato ... .. ህጻ
The Temperate House 92 Victoria medallists, new — 86
Narcissus eelworm, the Week’s work, the —
control of ... .. 96 | Wisley, notes from ... 15
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Acanthosabal caespitosa at Porto Alegre, south
Brazil EP en E — sce . 9i, te, 93
Crocus chrysanthus var. Bumble Bee * kn S. 89
Cy pripedium Mrs. William Pickup ... Ab ee e 95
Iris Wedgewood... in ah "T -— - 2. 87
Tomalin, Mr. T. E., portrait of us aed Y S. 86
Tomato or Gulden Apple, the ቿን F ro ... 98
102

Watson, W.. portrait of the late

SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE.
Rhododendron hippophaeoides.

— — — — — —— —

ensuing week
fifty.

TEMPERATURE for the
observations during the last
392.

AVERAGE MEAN
deduced from
years at Greenwich,

ACTUAL TEMPERATURE—
The Gardeners’ Chronicle Office, 5, ‘Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, London, Wednesday, February 4,
10a.m.: Bar. 30°5, temp. 50°, Weather, Fine.

Tur view expressed by Dr.

Seed Potatos Salamon and referred to
and Virus recently in these pages (see
Diseases. vol. Ixxvi. p. 347) that virus
diseases of the Potato are

transmitted from plant to plant by the agency of
aphides and other insects is, if well founded, of
great practical importance to raisers and
growers of Potatos. (ንበ this view the
superiority of Scotch seed would appear
to reside not, as used to be thought,
in a superior state of the plant due
to its cultivation in conditions of climate
and soil more congenial than those
which obtain in the south, but simply in the
greater freedom from attack by aphis and
other insects, of plants grown in the Lothians
and other parts of Scotland which produce
good '‘ seed." This freedom, if indeed it occurs,
may be the result either of greater scarcity
of aphis, etc., in Scotland or to a reluctance
on the part of the insects there to attack
the Potato. Aphides not infrequently infest
most heavily plants which are thriving but
orly, and hence the possibility is not pre-
cluded that even though carrier insects, aphis
and others, prove to be common in the Potato
fields of the seed-growing districts of Scotland
they may operate less vigorously in spreading
virus disease among the Potato plants than
they do in the warmer, drier south. In view

CITRONTICLFE.

S5

of the importance of the subject, these and
other possibilities will, no doubt, be explored
forthwith by research workers. Before any
large scheme of dealing with the raising of
“seed” uncontaminated with virus disease
and of keeping the seed sets uncontaminated
is adumbrated, we ought to be absolutely
sure of the facts. For our part, and on the
evidence before us, although we are not
prepared to dissent from the view that
aphis and other insect carriers are respon-
sible for the spread of virus diseases, we do
not think the evidence at present could secure
a conviction of these pests in a court of
scientific law. If the case were tried in
Scotland the verdict would, we think, be one
of ‘‘not proven.” It is, therefore, the tirst
business of the scientific investigator, before
propounding measures based on the hypothesis
of insect carriage of virus disease, to
demonstrate incontestably the justness of
the conclusions. So far as we know, the
possibility of underground insects and other
pests carrying the disease from one plant to
another bas not been put out of court. For
all we know at present they, also, may be
accessories. 11 is a curious fact that Dr.
Salamon found that periodical spraving of
Potatos with nicotine made no difference to
the amount of degeneration of Potatos grown
in the apparently uncongenial climate and
soil at Barley, Cambridgeshire. Yet it may
scarcely be doubted but that spraying must
have kept down the attack of aphis. In any
case, the experiment would be well worth
following up as, as it stands, the results
would seem to point away from, rather
than toward, aphis as the offender. Another
direction in which further preliminary investi-
gation is needed is that of the curious
partial resistance to virus disease exhibited
by Golden Wonder and one or two other
varieties. Apparently virus disease is always
present in these Potatos, but the damage
which it does to the plants is much less than
that done to most other varieties. Are
aphides shy of Golden Wonder, or if not,
does the virus disease often fail to get into
the plant through punctures made by aphides,
or does it get in but fail to spread through
the tissues? Many years ago the present
writer proposed that a Potato institute should
be established for the investigation of all
problems connected with Potato growing,
and it is interesting to note that Dr. Salamon
now makes a similar proposal. There is no
doubt but that the problem of virus disease
alone provides ample occasion for research,
not only by individual workers, but also by
a united band of investigators, and it is
greatly to be hoped that steps will be taken
in this country to organise research in these
diseases on an adequate scale. Some years
ago it looked as though Wart disease was
going to prove the most serious menace to
Potato growers. In the light of present
indications the opinion might be hazarded
that whereas Wart disease might perhaps
scourge the Potato grower with whips, virus
disease is scourging him with scorpions. We
would, therefore, suggest that the Ministry
of Agriculture should take steps to establish
a Potato Research Committee, and put. at
the disposal of the committee adequate funds,
so that after a considered programme had
been drawn up, systematic investigations on
a sufficiently large scale may be set on foot.
When the facts concerning the disease have
been established on a firm basis, we have
no doubt but that the Potato industry will
be able to apply them so as, if not to rid us
of the troublesome pest, at least to mitigate
the severity of attack by virus diseases.

Garden on a City Roof.---On the spacious

roof of the newly completed Adelaide House,

a vast block of city offices at the north
end of London Bridge, a model putting-
green is being laid out for the use of
tenants, to be surfaced with Cumberland
turf. The remainder of the roof will be

planned as a pleasure garden, a pergola running

east and west along the river frontage.

ryy . s . .

This interesting roof garden will be eleven

stories above the road-level.
“Index Kewensis.”— “The

arrears (due to

the war) in the great Juder Newensis are
being. rapidly overtaken. The last pre-war
Supplement, covering the years 1900--10,
was published in 1913; and it was not

till nine years later that it was possible to

issue Supplement V., covering the years
1911-15. But Supplement Vl, covering the

vears 1916-20. is now complete. and printing

has begun at the Oxford University Press. The
publishers inform us that their stock shows
that a large number of sets of the work.

have not yet been completed to date by
the addition of Supplement V. (published in
1921) : and they ask us to call the attention
of librarians to this fact. The value of the
work, both scientific and pecuniary, is, of
course, seriously impaired by failure toc
complete the sets; and the relatively low:
price at whieh the Supplements are issued:
been ‘made possible by the support
viven by librarians and learned institutions

has

all over the world. :
Back to the Land.---Under the title of
* Back to the Land," a valuable paper was

contributed by Mr. €. Engelmann ‘to a
recent meeting of members of the Saffron —
Walden Rotary Club. Mr. Engelmann said |
he was convinced that any. legislative or
artificial measures would in the end prove
useless in solving the * back. to the land”.
problem. The real problem was how to
make the land attractive to both employer.
and employee, and it was simply one of
ሂ s. d. The employer would offer the wage .
to attract men baek to the land so
as he could get sufficient out of the. land
to enable him to do so; and the only way

to do it was to make the 801 give up
more of its riches. This was being done 11
many parts. of this and other countries.
Certain districts had been made famous
through their specialities, and it was not
at all to be taken for granted that those
districts were more suitable than any other
for these respective crops. ‘These specialities
were mostly started by accident, not by
design, and there were other districts where
the crops would succeed equally well or
even better. At the present. time many
special crops were being grown abroad and
imported into this country which might ከር
produced just as well here, The oppor-
tunities were at our door; wealth untold

was in the soil waiting 10 be extracted,
and it was the nation’s business to produce
the men able and willing to extract it.
He could see one way only to achieve this
-—by education. No country school should
be without its good-sized field, where the
older boys could have a fairly large plot
each to cultivate and substantial prizes
should be given for the best crops, while
apricultural and horticultural schools and
colleges should arrange visits to those dis-
triets at home and abroad where special
erops were. produced.

Flora of Canada. -^t a recent meeting of
the Linnean Society. Mr. 11. 1) (). Good gave
an account of the flora o£ Canada, with an
exhibition of the plants gathered, and showed
lantern-slides of the more striking flowers. He
pointed out that Canada has an areara some
thirty times that of the British Isles and a
flora about three times as large. The vegeta-

tion of Canada forms part of tbe great
cireumpolar Northern temperate: and sub-
aretie flora. As in Britain, the Targest phut
families — are. | the — Compositae, Gramineae,
Cy peraceae, Leguminosae, Rosaceae, and .
Labiatae, and the first-naimned is very much

soon, —

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90

L. Nelsonii, a hybrid “sent out" in 1881,
with golden-yellow flowers and spotted leaves
and flower stems; L. orchioides, 1752, with
flowers pale cream, tinged red and blue, a
somewhat rare plant; L. pendula, 1789, one
of the best, the flowers being purple, red,
and yellow in colour, and L. tricolor, 1774, with
flowers green, red, and yellow, an old favourite.
Others occasionally met with are L. odora-
tissima and L. fragrans. If I were restricted
to one of the older Lachenalias I should
most certainly grow L. Nelsonii, which has
flowers of glorious colouring, and especially
is this realised when they are seen in the
mass.

A few firms offer a comprehensive list of
these interesting bulbs but the newer hybrids
are dear to purchase. Most of the older
species and the hybrid L. Nelsonii increase
fairly readily by means of offsets. Ralph E.
Arnold.

SAINTPAULIA IONANTHA.

THis charming plant is regaining the
popularity it fully deserves. I was not
surprised to read in The Gardeners’ Chronicle,
Vol. LXXVII., page 9, that some excellent
specimens of Saintpaulia ionantha were
being sold in Covent Garden at good prices.
Although a perennial it is easily grown
and flowered within six months, and will
continue in bloom for a long time. Plants
raised from a good strain of seed will pro-
duce large flowers of an intense violet
colour with golden anthers.

This Saintpaulia may also be propagated
by means of leaf cuttings. A warm green-
house or stove temperature is necessary for
growing on the young plants. As they
become established in their flowering pots
they may be removed to a lower tempera-
ture as required. Careful watering and the
removal of dead flowers and foliage are
essential details of cultivation during the
winter. Guard against placing the plants in
a draughty position.

This plant will grow in practically any
soil that is sweet and well drained; one
sometimes sees specimens growing in the shingle
on the stages. A suitable compost for the
sced pans consists of finely-sifted peat, loam,
and sand in equal proportions. Place the
sced pans in a propagating case and cover
then: with paper until the seedlings appear.
When ready to handle pot the seedlings in
thimbles and keep the frame close for a
time. Future treatment consists in repotting
as required, careful watering, and maintaining
a damp atmosphere. There is a strain with
small flowors amongst rosettes of dark green
leaves, and such plants are very ornamental
when grown and flowered in three-inch pots.

Propagation by leaves may be effected by
taking a mature leaf with a portion of the
stalk attached and inserting it in sandy soil,
cither in small pots or in pans. Place the
leaves in a warm case, provide shade, but
do not keep the atmosphere too close or
the leaves will be liable to damp.

CORDYLINE INDIVISA.

Tuis is one of the most useful indoor
foliage plants, and is most effective and
serviceable for many purposes of decoration
in the dwelling-room, whilst large specimens
are uscful for a varicty of purposes in the
garden during the summer; also for standing
on terraces, for furnishing vases, and many
other positions whero specimen foliago plants
are required.

Plants may be raised from seeds sown in
gentle warmth carly in spring. The seeds
should be sown in well-drained pots or pans
filled with a mixture of fine peat, loam,

and sand. As the young plants become fit
to handle pot them singly. They grow
freely, and will be ready for re-potting

during the summer.

Clean foliage is secured by the -free use
of the syringe during hot weather, and
some slight shade is an advantage until
the plants become well established. For the

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONIC ‘LE.

large plants a mixture of loam, coarse sand,
and well-decayed manure is suitable. From
a packet of seeds one may secure plants with
considerable variation in the colour of their
foliage, and this adds considerably to the
interest attached to their cultivation.

The strong growers are generally those
having dark green foliage, and these may
be grown on for use out-of-doors, reserving
those showing a tendency to variegation for
indoor cultivation. Colin Ruse, The Hyde
Gardens, near Luton.

ANNUALS FOR CONSERVATORY AND
GREENHOUSE DECORATION.

PRIMULA MALACOIDES AND P.
FORBESII.

PRIMULA MALACOIDES is of Chinese origin and
of comparatively recent introduction. lt
was collected by Mr. G. Forrest in 1905
and 1906, and from the seeds sent home to
Mr, Bulley, of Ness, the first plants were

raised and flowered during 1908. It soon
attracted attention and, under cultivation,
proved to be a very variable species, a

white variety, and also double forms soon
appearing. Being of dainty and graceful
habit, as well as of delicate perfume, it has
become a great favourite for greenhouse
and for general decoration.

With good cultivation perfect examples
may be produced in large sixty-sized pots,
but extra large specimens are best grown
in five-inch receptacles ; they are also verv
effective when several plants are grown together
in shallow pans. As this species is nearly
hardy, it should be grown under perfectly
cool conditions. Seeds should not be sown
before June and July. In the immediate
neighbourhood of London early sowing
generally results in failure, as the plants
" damp-off " during the dull, sunless days
of winter" ; this trouble generally arises
owing to the denseness of the foliage. In
a purer atmosphere, where better winter
conditions prevail, this disadvantage attending
early sowing may not occur.

P. Forbesii is another Chinese species,
with rosy-mauve flowers, and is very suitable
for growing in a small greenhouse, as it is
a small plant with slender flower scapes
which, in well-grown specimens, only attain
a height of nine to twelve inches.

Seeds are best sown in a cool house or
cold frame about the middle of September,
for spring flowering, although a sowing may
be made during March or April for a
display in the autumn. The young plants
should be finally placed &bout four inches
apart in shallow pans in which they should
be flowered, or, if more desirable, three or
four specimens may be placed in a forty-
eight-sized pot.

Beyond the usual cool treatment and
care in watering, the cultivation of this
dainty little species is very simple.
J. Coutts.

HARDY FLOWER BORDER.

THE SHAGGY HAWKWEED.

HisRACIUM VILLOSUM, the Shaggy Hawk-
weed stands far and away above all the
other garden Hawkweeda, which ure, as a
rule, of very indifferent garden — value— if
many of them have any at al. So far as
1 know its nearest rival is one known us
Hieracium Borumulleri, but it has greater
value on account of the more pronounced
silvery shagginess of the stems and leaves.
which is execedingly beautiful and constitutes
& charm of high value in itself. The leaves

are large, quite shagg and silvery in
appearance—so attractive indeed that no

flowers are required to give this Hawkweed
a passport for entry to our gardens.

FEBRUARY 7, 1925.

The large, golden-yellow flowers are like
those of a Dandelion, but far more refined.
The plant usually grows from six inches to
nine inches high, but L have seen H. villosum
almost a foot in height in strong soil. To
have this Hawkweed in perfection, it should
be grown in poor, dryish soil to keep it
dwarf to induce the plant to bring out the
beauty of its foliage.

It is now many years since 1
the acquaintance of H.
was introduced to 11

first made
villosum, when 1
by the name it bore
in nurseries—H. valdepilosum, but ] think
this name has now fallen into desuetude.
It may be raised. very readily from seed»
sown under glass in spring. or in the open
in early summer. Old plants may also be
divided. It is nowhere finer than in the
garden of Sir Herbert Maxwell, at Monrcitli.
Wigtonshire. S. A.

ALSTROMERIA.

THE old Peruvian Lily is somewhat 1፲11-
patient. of removal and this fact may have
something to do with its disappearance from

gardens, where at one time 11 was a con-
spicuous feature.

The varieties of ላ. versicolor and A.
aurantiaca are the hardiest and the. most

reliable, A. aurantiaca 111
established in à
effect.

particular, when
mass, creating ዜ gorgeous
Each slender, glaucous-foliaged stem
of this plant is in its flowering season
erowned with loose-petalled, orange-coloured
flowers, the two upper segments lined with
erimson stripes.

The Alstrómerias form a mass of fleshy
roots and thrive best in a deep, dry, sheltered
border. They flower frecly in sun or shade. F.

FLORISTS’ FLOWERS.

SWEET PEAS FOR CUT FLOWERS.

IN some gardens the Sweet Pea will grow
luxuriously without much labour expended
on the soil in which it is intended to plant,
but in the majority of cases special prepara-
tion is necessary. Light land which has been
trenched during the autumn, and which is
rich in humus, will not require much further
attention. until the time of planting.

In the case of heavy land, and in new
gardens, trenches should be prepared as soon
as possible. Make the trenches thirty inches
wide and three feet deep, and break up the
soil at the bottom with a fork. Leave the
trenches open during the winter, the effect
of frost being most beneficial to the exposed
soil.

For filling the trenches a sufficient quantity
of decayed leaf-mould and old potting-soil
in about equal proportions should be wheeled
on to the site and placed in rows on both
sides of the trench. My experience is that
farmyard manure is not suitable for Sweet
Peas, and 1 rely on bone-meal and a specially
prepared concentrated manure. A liberal
sprinkling of soot is added to the leaf-mould
and the latter is turned two or three times

during the winter. Choose frosty weather
for this work as it can then be accomplished
in u clean manner.

At the. last. turning. add good quality

bone-meal at the rate of a six-inch pot-full
to a barrow-load of the soil, Fill the
trenches to within about four inches, during
Murch, making the soil quite firm.

If it is intended to train the plants on
wires the supports may be placed in position
at this time: if the supports are painted
green, the wire fixed firmly and made quite
tight, a neat effect is produced, but this
method of training entails more labour than
the use of Bamboo canes.

The seedlings should be ready for planting
early in April, and it is advisable to plant
before the roots become too matted in the
boxes or pots from which they are to be
removed. Trenches prepared as advised above

92

I wrote again, and M. d'Aquino was kind
enough to send me some more material of
this Palm, which aroused my curiosity, it be-
ing quite evident from the photograph that
it is a caespititious species, while no Sabal
has yet been described as having this charac-
ter. I received two leaf blades and parts
of the leaf-stalks, but as it was necessary to
bend and break these matorials to send them
by post, all were more or less spoiled in
transit, so that it was impossible to give &
reliable description. Another character struck
me immediately, namely, that tho petioles
are armed with spines (Fig. 37), a character un-
known in any species of Sabal described. I have
also received parts of the spadix (Fig. 36), which
is very branched and surrounded by tubulous
spikes of different degrees, the lower ones
surrounding those situated higher on the
spadix, as in the case of Sabal.

It would appear that the two characters---
caespititiousness and armed petioles--distin-
guish this Palm sufficiently from the genus
Sabal to be considered a special genus, for

36.—ACANTHOSABAL CAESPITOSA.
Portion of spadix, with fruits.

which 1 propose the name Acanthosabal, and
the specific name caespitosa.

M. d'Aquino writes me that about thirty-
five stems issue from the same base, these
stems having a diameter of about seven
centimeters and that many smaller ones are
continually developed from the base, so that
it is an exceedingly caespititious Palm, while
all the Sabals that have been described have
only a single stem.

So far as I can judge from the broken
material received, the leaves, which resemble
strikingly those of Chamaerops humilis, have

a blade of some sixty centimeters in diu-
meter, and a petiole of some ninety centi-
meters. The spines are exactly similar to

those of Chamaecrops humilis, and the base
of the petiole (Fig. 38) forms a network of fibres.
Quite recently 1. have. succeeded in germinat-
ing a few of the seeds received ; the character-
istics of the genus Sabal, with the formation
of a kind of ‘bulb,’ have not been re-
produced thus confirming the distinctness of
this Palm from Sabal.

The pen and ink drawings (Figs. 36, 37, 38)
were made by my son, Axel Robertson
Proschowsky, junr.. now at the Paris Museum.—
Dr. A. Robertson Proschowsky, Jardin
HL Acclimatation, Les Tropiques, Fabron, Nice,

THE

GARDENERS’
KEW NOTES.

THE TEMPERATE HOUSE.

REFERENCE was made in last week's
issue (p. 78) to the Himalayan section of
the Temperate House at Kew, which forms
one of two large wings, each separated by
an octagonal glasshouse from the main
structure. The large, central building is
massively built, with a considerable amount
of iron work in its structure and looks
as though it will last for untold years.
The floor of the house is divided into a
number of large, rectangular beds planted
with a variety of semi-tender plants, some
of which have attained very large pro-
portions.

Entering the building from the ‘ octagon "'
leading from the Himalayan House, the
visitor is confronted by two immense
Camellias, one on either side of the path.
some twent V- five feet across

They measure

and, although at one time their flowering
was very uncertain owing to bud-dropping,

caused by defective drainage, they are now

in perfect health and have flowered with
extraordinary freedom during the past few
years. This winter they are again covered
with flower buds, and those who cultivate
Camellias under glass will realise how much
care must have been expended on them
when it is stated that there is no sign of

blotches such
| these evergreen
Just by the Magnolia on

as are often "prevalent on

any fungus — or sooty
trees under glass.

the right is a pot tree of Glyptostrobus
heterophyllus, one of the most beautiful
Conifers in cultivation. It is a deciduous
species and also casts a number of its

branches each year. is due 10
its brilliant autumn tinting, for the leaves
in late summer commence to change to a
brilliant apricot passing to crimson, and, as
the foliage is not entirely shed until
January, it may be imagined how beautiful
this plant is m autumn and early winter.
Taking the plants as I noted them, the
next of interest is the Nikan Palin of New

lts beauty

Zealand, Rhopalostyle sapida (syu. Areca
sapida). This particular plant is bearing
three inflorescences and there is a crop. of

seedlings at its base which have sprung up
and made a green carpet. A single in-
florescence on another. of these Palms in
the same house contains no fewer than five
thousand seeds, which gives some idea of
the vast number. of seedlings that could
originate from a colony of these Palms.
The specimen of Rhopalostyle sapida is one
of the handsomest of the plants in the
Temperate House and has a height of
forty-five feet. Near by is another tall
Palm, a specimen of Chamacrops excelsa,
which has grown to the full extent of the

CHRONICLE.

FEBRUARY 7. 1925.

— — — — — — — — — — —

house, and 15 probably the tallest Palin. in
cultivation under glass. Its height is approxi-
mately sixty feet. and it 15 still in splendid
health. Another Palm of exceptional interest
is 8 specimen of Jubaea spectabilis, the
Chilian Wine Palm. Since my last visit to
the Temperate House this plant. has grown
enormously and now has a perfectly clean
stem up to about fifteen feet. The trunk
tapers very slightly and the huge bole iw
three-and-a-half feet in diameter. The old
leaf bases are retained in the upper part
of the stem, but after a time they fall of,
leaving the trunk perfectly clean.

Amongst the other giants of the house
are four Araucarias, A. Bidwillii, A. Cun-
ninghamii, A. Cookii, and A. excelsus.

These trees are all over sixty feet high and
have long reached the limits of the height
of the house and have been stopped on
several occasions. The specimen. of A.
Cunninghamii is nearly a centenarian, for it
was introduced to Kew in 1826; A. Bid-
willi is a little. vounger, dating from 1846.
Another plant of great interest 18 a specimen

of Cordyline australis, fifty feet high and
bearing many branches at the top. This
plant flowers practically every summer and

develops huge clusters of sweet-scented flowers.
Near to the Jubaca mentioned is a magnificent
Bamboo -a plant of Arundinaria Hookeriana,
which has perfectly straight culms, the tallest
forty feet long. 1! is one of the giants of
(ከዩ family and the. straight, pliant rods are
greatly envied by some of the juvenile visitors
to the Temperate House who would like to
possess them for fishing rods.

An experiment is being conducted in this
large glass house with Java Rhododendrons
to see if they will thrive in a cool house
of this nature. Up to the present they are
all succeeding as well as could ከር wished,
although 11 is too soon to say if they will
continue to do so, but seeing that the
thermometer in the ‘Temperate House this
winter has, on occasions, fallen. so low as
34° the promise is hopeful. The bed of
these Rhododendrons is near to the main
entrance on the north side, and the whole
of the iron work of this handsome entrance
is festooned with plants of Cobaea scandens.

Amongst the relatively smaller plants in
the beds, but all of which would appear of
large size in ordinary greenhouses, are Rubus
cissoides var. depauperatus, the leaf blade
of which is reduced to à small piece at the
top of the mid-rib, which, with the stem,
performs the functions of the leaves. In
New Zealand this plant is called the Bush
Lawyer, for owing to its thorny nature the
inhabitants in that country declare that one

cannot get away from it.

A beautiful tree Senecio, SN. grandifolius.
is bearing masses of the characteristic. yellow

flowers on the top of its tall. erect stem.
which is furnished with bold, handsome
foliage. some of the leaves being as much
as two feet long. An interesting. pot plant.
was observed in Pseudopanax ferox, an
extraordinary — Araliad, having its foliage
hanging at an angle of about 30° to the
stem.

The Kew plant of Camellia reticulata is

of special interest because it is the finest
example of this species in cultivation under glass.
It has grown to a very large size, and last year

bore five hundred of its beautiful flowers.
11 is again showing evidence of a similar

fine display this season.

Amongst the Grevilleas I noticed G. bi-
pinnatifida., a distinct species with bi-pinnate
leaves, which are broad and ovate and not
in the least like those of G. rosmarinifolia.
which grows adjacent. Both specimens are
some eight to nme feet across and seven
feet high. G. asplenifolia, which 18 known
in the trade on the Continent as G. longi-
folia, has long, lanceolate leaves that are
coarsely serrate, and this species is now on
the point of blooming.

At one corner of the bed is a very
handsome evergreen, Griselinia lucida var.
variegata, u broad-leaved species and much

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—

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3 LINCOLN... ROT

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THE. GARDENERS CHRONICIE: |

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m. Bosvanp È Lå (km. - ;
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| MAIDSTONE, 3

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| SPECIALITE

የ etiam ee | : GROWN:

SEED. ; to. Pr first 855 :፡ ‘Admiral: Ward Madame E. Herriot’ S : AZALREAS —— :: PRONKS URN »
"MM aee EVE Emm Fe ሉ፡፡፡. ው ae
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MS ae Rose, Missis y Madame ጺ, Chatenay E አሉ | uam : 864. qup er ያ ፈር SS SEROMA YS
lea < Doke 2 ህድዜ,- | This Callection carriage and packing. Free, | i Me N. GAUNTLETT: DYA ah ae |

Sheer pen. Witch e QUAS RON Cash. with: order. T ረ at | አ ነቁ ር —— CHIDDING TREY SURE
Hub Early, Ally, Arran |. BUY: “HOME | (GROW NC TREES. 1
Comrade, British. fen | ሺ «Catalogue. bf ‘Roe 762: Brit: Tro : SIVE | SOIENOE ‘PROGRESSES r

1 5 a 5. Great: Seat, King: George, 5. Shrubs, Eh free: un application de. ፡ d

AUSTIN & "McASL,

T hie Premier - as “ዐዱ Se Seedsmen: since 3277.

CATALOGUES - » i
NOW READY sens rh 4 1: HENRY MERBYWEATHER & SONS LA. i
Fri 2 « k $a | —F z ,

; — sel “Majestic, - amd. ፲1ከህ፪14 E20 Wik The _Nuneeries, ‘SOUTHWELL, Notts.
YOUR COPY? -: Perfection: - LOCA us ae d

>

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- 89 Mitchell St, GLASGOW, C.1
ATAA ERATO BATA MM ና 3 ግ ቁ ኣና ውዕ ያኸ ስ"

p — — 4

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—* SS BSNS nt D ኪነ “መ. GOWNS c
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COOPER’ > WINTER SPRAY. FLUID “ዊና —
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meni tn 688,190 thes: we halsinced nnánütes,

THEY ARE SUCCESSFUL.

rk t nad &en festiinionisia. የ፻ impie. መሐ

DARE FOK FREE SA, MPLES.

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94

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ö— — — — — — ———— — — — — —

THE GARDEN IN ANTIQUITY.

L—EARLY PERSIAN INFLUENCE.
T: earliest beginnings of garden-craft.

are lost in the mists of the hoary past.
Long before man had learned to write
he had acquired the art of planting and
sowing. The legends which abound in
Eastern literature respecting the gardens of
the gods, the bowers of love, the Apples
of Hesperides, and the arbours of devotion,
reveal a high state of culture, and could
only emanate from poets and historians
who had inherited age-long X traditions
relating to horticultural pursuits. Gardens
are mentioned in Homer, Herodotus and
Xenophon; they occupy a large place in
the early literature of the Hebrews, figure
in the ancient classics of China, are asso.
viated with the youth of Buddha, and,
more remarkable still, are pourtrayed on
the ancient monuments of Egypt, Assyria,
and Chaldaea. If the oldest instruments
which have come down to us from the
stone age are reminiscent of war and the
chase, they are closely followed by imple-
ments which were needed for the culti-
vation of the soil, the pruning of the vine,
and the other processes by which the
activities of the gardener are forwarded.
The study of these pre-historic tools, and
of their lineal descendants, forms a' fasci-
nating chapter in the story of our craft,
and will come up for consideration as the
review of the past progresses.
It is intended in this series of papers to
try and ascertain which of the races may
be regarded as having led the way in this

noble art. At present our knowledge of the
earliest inhabitants of Asia is too im-
perfect to allow of our saying how great
or how small their influence may have
been upon the garden-craft of the great
Aryan family, of which we form a part.
It. seems, however, to have been con-

The Chinese and their allies, long
their love of the garden, are
of a race which early made
its mark in horticulture and agriculture.
The two, in the earliest. times, were one
and the same, and in setting forth the
life-history of the garden, allusion cannot
entirely be avoided to the sister art of
agriculture. No history of our subject
could be regarded as satisfactory which did
not give attention to Turanian origins, and
it will therefore be found necessary at a
later stage to revert to that branch of
the subject.
For the
recognised
variably
the north
the site of the

siderable.
famous for
descendants

however, it must he
that tradition has almost in-
pointed to the district lying to
and west of the Persian Gulf as
Garden of Eden or the

present,

THE GARDENERS’

, Romance

earthly Paradise. The fertile valleys of the
Euphrates and Tigris, with their tributaries,
supplied to the early historians of our race
the ideal conditions for such a delightful
abode. The man who penned the words:
“The Lord God planted a garden eastward
in Eden, and there he put the man whom
he had formed," must have been perfectly
familiar with an advanced state of arbori-

culture and horticulture. And, since this
district holds so high a place in tradition,
it may be well to adduce in this place
some of the facts which go to show that

Persia has, from very early times, occupied
a highly advanced position in relation to
this subject. The term Persia, however, is
here to be understood in its widest sense,
since it is to be remembered that Assyria,
Babylonia, Media, Chaldaea, Armenia and
even Arabia have been so involved in the
course of the ages, in each others well-
being or evil fortune as to make it impos-
sible always to separate the one from the
other.

The first point of importance relates to
the name originally given to the garden or
park which has overshadowed every other
in whatever language, and gathered around
it an enormous mass of legend and lore
in every land where the Aryan speech is
employed. How infinitely poorer should we
all have been had the word Paradise never
come down to us. lt is the synonym for
the place of purest delight and noblest joy.
Religious systems as diverse as Parseeism
and Mohammedanism, Judaism and Christ-

ianitv, Romanism and = Protestantism: and
languages as different as Hebrew is from
Greek, "Turkish from Latin, Persian from
English, Russian from Italian, alike have
adopted the word and made it all their

own. lt is embedded in the mother tongue

of every race from the Red Sea to the
lrish Channel; it has crossed from Europe
to North and South America; it has been
used to name the Parvise of our ancient
churches, the Paradise Rows of our towns,
the Val Paraisos of our popular resorts, the
Paradise stocks which we use in our
nurseries, and the abode of bliss to which
the Christian and the Mohammedan alike
looks forward as the reward = of fidelity
when he passes into the unknown. There
is hardly to be found, in any language.

a word with so romantic a history, or so
rich in varied and high association.

The word Paradise came from the East
along more than one route. Our English
forms of the word—for there are two, viz.,
Parvise and Paradise came through the
languages. French and Latin,
Spanish and Italian, Swedish, Danish and
German, with many other tongues, give us
the same form of the word. which resem-
bles the Greek paradeisos.— In Hebrew,
however, it is pardes; and, though the
same word, it has a somewhat = different
history. Both the Hebrew form and the
treek take us back to Persia whence. the
term originally came. In the Greek Lexicons
we find it stated that paradeisos is an
Kastern word used in the Septuagint for
the Garden of Eden, and that it means a
park or pleasure grounds. It occurs in the
writings of Xenophon who more thun once
visited Persia, and introduced it thence
into his mother-tongue. Thus, in the Ana-
basis, we read that Cyrus had a palace at

Cetaenae, together with a large park
(paradeisos) full of wild beasts. The river
Maeander, whose springs issue from the
palace itself, flows through this deer park,

and through the city. Xenophon's form of

the word is based on the old Persian or
Zend peairida?za, which means a piece of

ground surrounded by high
closure. a garden or park.
The Jews at the time when the Song of
Solomon was written had also borrowed the
word, but not through the Greek. They
modified it to pard's, and in that form
it is found more than once in the Hebrew
Bible. Passing into the current speech of

walls, an en-

CHRONICLH. HN

Frnanvany 7. 1023.

the Holy Land it was naturally adopted as
a synonym for the ahode of the blessed
after death. Hence it oecurs in the New
Testament under its Greek form puradeisos.
“This day shalt thou be with me in para-
dise" is the promise given to the dying
thief. St. Paul (2 Cor. XII. 4) speaks of
one who was caught up into paradise, while
in the book of Revelation (11. 7) he who
overcometh is to eat “of the tree of life,
which is in the midst of the paradise of
God." Thus the New Testament closes with
an allusion which takes us back to the
aarden of Eden.

It must not be understood from this that
the Persians are regarded as the first to
practise the arts of arboriculture and flori-
culture. Layard is doubtless correct in
suggesting that the great Assyrian monarchs
may have been “the first to have those
enclosed parks or paradises which were
afterwards maintained at so vast a cost by
the Persian Kings"; but it is from the
latter, nevertheless, that we derive the name,
and it was they who made the park so
popular in all later times. | Of Assyrian
gardens there will be occasion to write in
due course, and then it may be possible to
see how these early races were indebted the
one to the other.

From the foregoing it might be inferred
that it was not so much the garden as the
spacious preserve and hunting ground for
which Persia was famous, but in the next
paper this idea will find modification. The
modern Persian. form of the word paradise
is firdaus, from which came the name of
the famous Persian poet Firdausi, just as
from our word park we get the personal
name Parker. Four different paradises were
celebrated. in Persian. poetry, one oi. them
being the plain. of Damascus, which gave
rise to the well-known saying of Mahomet:
*Man can have but one Paradise.” and he
would forego an carthly that he might gain
a heavenly. Firdausi, in writing of paradise,
does not use the Old Persian. term patrida‘za,
but introduces another word for garden,
behischt, which shows that in later times the
vocabulary of his race was not limited to
one word when this subject was mentioned.

Such then is the real history of the word

Paradise. As Max Müller informs 118. “it
is an „Aryan word, but it does not exist
in Sanskrit. It was first formed in Zend

(or Old Persian), and transferred from thence

as a foreign word into Hebrew and again
into Greek," and thus into every language
of the Western World. Hilderic Friend.

TREES AND SHRUBS,

RHODODENDRON HIPPOPHAEOIDES.

(SEK SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE.)
THe supplementary. plate presented with
this issue — illustrates. one of the most dix-

tinct and valuable. Rhododendrons for garden

ornament among the newer introductions
from China. R. hippophaeoides is a native
of Yunnan, apparently a fairly common
dwarf shrub. found growing at from 10,000

feet to 14,000 feet elevation.

Mr. F. Kingdon Ward collected. the
reeorded specimens along the Valley of
Chung River, growing as a carpet, or in
tufts, in the open Pine forests. For its
first introduction to cultivation we are
indebted to Mr. George Forrest. who, during
1914. collected this very pretty Rhodo-
dendron in four localities.

Both as a wild shrub,
vation, it 88 a variable plant. The two
collectors give. the height as ranging from
nine inches to five feet. The bushes are
freely branched and fairly upright in
growth, at least cultivated plants six to
nine years old give that impression. The
leaves are oblong, or narrowly oval, three-
quarters of an inch to one-and-a-half inch
long. and one-third of an inch to half an

first
the

and under culti-

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96

THE GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE.

Ferrvary 7. 1925.

THE CONTROL OF THE NARCISSUS
EELWORM.*

(Concluded from page 79.)

I Now venture a few words on the correct
usage of those sterilising apparatuses which
have been specially constructed for the
work. Some growers have their own devices:
on these I do not intend to pass an
opinion. It has been my privilege over a
period of years to visit 8 number of
growers during the sterilising season, and
on not a few occasions | have observed
that, while some make a burden of the
operation, others have such perfect control
over the treatment that the whole of the
sterilising is conducted with perfect ease
and with success.

One of the commonest
is that of overloading the apparatus.
The apparatuses are made to take stated
quantities of bulbs, and the grower should
not attempt to exceed these quantities.
Again, it should not be necessary to have
to tell a grower that all the bulbs should
he completely covered with water. Yet, in
a number of cases, I have seen the
sterilisers crammed so tightly with bags of

mistakes made

bulbs that the uppermost. layers have not
heen immersed.

This trouble and several others arise
mainly, 1. think, because the maximum

volume of water is not employed at the
beginning of the day's work. After the
three hours’ treatment the tank or tanks
are unloaded ; there is, as may well be
imagined, a consequent loss of water, but
while one worker may lose a negligable
quantity, allowing the water to drain back
into the baths before the bags are set
down, others waste gallons upon gallons.
Reloading takes place immediately, and the
same weight of bulbs as before is placed
in the water. If the decrease in the volume
of water has heen very great, owing to the
careless unloading, the temperature falls very
low; many schemes have been evolved to
increase the volume of water and its
temperature, usually with not very satis-
factory results.

In the Hearson Sterilising Apparatus
sufficient space has been allowed between
the outer and the inner tank to allow for
a reasonable amount of wastaze, and, given
care, even after three or four soakings
there should still be a sufficient volume
of water to cover completely the inner
receptacle. On the change of soakings the
temperature naturally falls, but it should
not fall more than 5° or 6°, and with an
additional gas ring, working independently
from the controlled supply, or an extra
lamp. if oil ís being used us fuel, the
required temperature may be gradually
regained within twenty minutes to a half
hour. when the auxiliary supply of heat
should be dispensed with. The period of

three hours should be recorded from the
moment the bulbs are placed in the bath,
as, in deciding upon this three hours’
treatment, allowance was made for this
fall in temperature.

It has been my experience with the
Hearson Bulb Bath (and | know there
are others who wil bear me out in
this statement), that given a reasonably

good supply of gas--or in the ease of oil,
well filled and carefully trimmed lamps—

once the regulator is carefully set 11
should require very little attention. But
what frequently happens is that when the
apparatus is loaded up. the temperature

falls a degree or two: again examined a
minute or so later, the mercury column 15
seen to be still falling, and after about
five minutes it becomes more or less

A Lecture on “The Control of the Narcissus Eelworm."
delivered before the Technical Committee of the Chamber
of Horticulture, by Mr. J. K. Ramsbottom, N.D.H,

stationary at 5° or 6° below the desired
point. It is not until after the whole mass
of bulbs becomes uniformly heated through
and is of the same temperature as the
water—a process which takes ten to fifteen
minutes—-that the temperature begins to rise
again. Some users display a little impatience
at this stage, and amongst the commonest
practices is that of adding very hot water

to serve the dual purpose of raising the
heat and regaining the volume of water
lost by faulty unloading, with the result
that the thermostatie control is upset.

Other, workers add to their burdens by
meddling with the adjustment. of the
rezulator and the outcome is usually a
state of mental confusion. With the RBar-

ford and Perkins’ Plant also the tempera-
ture should not be unduly speeded up and
the inlet of extra steam should be grad-
ually increased.

Another point often
correct reading of the thermometer; it
should always be read level with the eye,
and whilst at this point it may be
advisable to remind users to see that they
always have a spare thermometer in reserve
for fear of an accidental breakage to the
one in use. [| have often seen makeshift
thermometers employed, some of whieh, if
accurate, it was impossible to read within
two degrees; and on one occasion ] well
recall seeing à worn-out dairy thermometer,

overlooked 1s the

long since past its period of utility, em-
ploved, which, when tested, showed a minus
8 F. inaccuracy. There is just one other
item often lost sight. of, namely, that
thermometers should be tested at the com-
mencement of the season. The National
Physical Laboratory and other institutions
undertake these tasks, and will give a
correct reading with 1/lOth of a degree
accuracy at a very moderate charge. 1 do
not wish to elaborate any further on these
faulty measures; it is sufficient to say that
many of them should never arise, but
where they do exist, it is usually from

such sources that unsatisfactory
the treatment emanate.

It has often been asked whether all
bulbs, regardless of their size, should receive

reports on

the three hours’ treatment, or if smaller
bulbs would benefit equally well if the
period were reduced from half-an-hour to

an hour; or if the largest-sized bulbs should
not be treated a little longer, sav for four
hours. 11 would be a very difficult matter
to decide these points, for we have to
remember that sizes in bulbs differ con-
siderably, according to the districts in which
they are grown. and such information, even
if it were obtained, would tend to confuse
the grower rather than help him. With
the smallest-sized bulbs I do not think the
saving would be more than half-an-hour ;
the bulk of the stocks would require a
three-hour treatment and in (ከቦ case of
large mother bulbs, such as Emperor and
King Alfred. a four hours” treatment could
be given. provided the grower is prepared
to risk damage to the flowers.
A question often asked is one
with the treatment of infected

concerned
soil, In

1917 experiments were commenced on a
badly infected field to test a number. of
chemicals generally recommended for soil
sterilisation, and in no case was the ceel-
worm destroyed. The experiments — were
discontinued after one year. Within recent
years, however, much attention has been

and is being paid to sterilisation by means
of chemicals, and it is not beyond the
realms of possibility that some substance

will be found which is economical in use and
effectual in destroying the pest. — Steam
sterilisation in the field is also receiving

consideration, not solely with the object of
killing — eelworrus, but with a view to
increasing the general fertility and destroying
noxious pests and weeds in the soil At
one time it was thought that ground once
infected with celworm would remain. so for
a long period of years.

Results of
have proved
used again for the
three clear years,
the intervening period
Onions (which may
infected. from the
land.

The
ments

recent experiments, however.
that such land may be safely
Narcissus crop after
provided that im
neither Narciss! nor
815) become directly
Narcissus) occupy the

these experi-

ground concerned 111
severe. an

was highly infected: so
fact, was the disease, that in Awil. 1917.
the crop, or what was left of 11, was not
worth the rent of the land it occupied, and
the bulbs were not lifted but ploughed in.
Potatos were planted immediately. In. the
autumn of 1920, plots were set down
stretching here and there about the field.
and known healthy, sterilised bulbs were
planted. The bulbs were left undisturbed
for three years, and each year the foliage
was examined for the presence or absence
of eelworm. ln no single case was a
diseased leaf found, so we may conclude
that where a general rotation of crops is
practised, ground infection. need not unduly
concern the grower.

There are, however,
where the bulb grower
tice a general rotation,
stricted acreage, and in such
means for treating infected
be well received. The cost
the eelworm is largely a time eost. rather
than a monetary cost. whereas chemical
control involves essentially the latter.

I close with a plea to those who
using the hot water treatment to see
the best use is made of jt, and 10
certain. that the bulbs. receive the
treatment before, during, and after
lisation.

numerous instances
does not praec-
owing to re-
cases effectual
ground would
of starving out

are
that
make
correct
steril-

A NEW PEST OF GREENHOUSES.

“=> — -

TORTRIX PRONUBANA.

Tuis moth is an ally of the Oak Tortrix
which has caused so much damage 10 pure
Oak woods in Surrey, and it may become
ao serious pest in gardens. Already much
damage has been done by the caterpillar
of Tortrix pronubana in greenhouses in the
south, especially in the Thames Valey area
around Kew.

The caterpillar, when newly hatched, 18
not much more more than one-eighth-of-an-
inch. long, and when fully grown is not
much more than half-an-inch to five-eightha-
of-an-inch long. The habit of the caterpillar
is to roll a leaf by means of silk, or to
spin two or three leaves together, in which
it remains to feed. When disturbed it
usually wriggles backwards and falls off the
) thus

leaf or leaves on a thread of silk,
escaping.

The life history of the moth has been
worked out by Dr. R. C. Fisher,* who
carried out several control experimenta.
Insecticides were found to be useless, the
only good method of control being hand
picking.

The larvae attack numerous plants belong-
ing to a number of natural orders, but are
worst on Acacias, particularly A. longifolia
and its var. mucronata, and A. armata var.
pendula. Cirevilleas are badly uttacked, as
are also Dianthus sp.

Dr. Fisher in his paper gives a list of
host plants, and the following not mentioned
bv him are also attacked : - Tibouchina
moricandiana, Erica melanthera, Citrus. auran-

tiaca and its var. Bigardia, Rhododendron
Forsterianum, R. indicum and its numerous
varieties; Luculia gratissima, | Éucalyptus
Globulus and EB. citriodora. Wilfred O
Corbett.

| Parts 3-4. et. 1924.

* The Annuals of Applied Briefing.

*

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OFFER OF ENGLISH TENS. ers ሺ
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l'EkBRUARY 7, 1925.

GOVERNMENT BOTANIC GARDENS. *

(Continued from page 62.)

THE history of the two great East India
Companies affords a clue. to. these diversities
of purpose. The rivalry which marked their
careers was the outcome of a community
of interest in the products of what were

known to elassical and renaissance naturalists
as o“ aromatic. plants.” These plants were
often linked with * coronary '” ones, much
as ” esculent plants 7. were associated with
“medicinal © ones. Yet they were less
frequently grown in classical gardens than
their ** coronary © companions : those best

known

were common on the hillsides of
Greece and Italy. those whose products
were most in demand rarely found the
climate of the northern Mediterranean

seaboard — congenial. Supplies of these
products reached the ancient world, largely
by way of the Red. Sea, from the Emporium
Aromatum on the East Coast of Africa. or
from Western India and the lands beyond
that lay “ under the wind.’ | Sellers. of the
“incense 7 of Zingis and the 7 spices ` of
the two Indias. were less reticent regarding
these commodities than were those who
retailed drugs and the = drowsy syrups of
the East” But. the confusion as to their
characters, manifest in classical allusions to
“aromatic plants,” is as bewildering as the
dubiety regarding the qualities of many of
the familiar © medicinal © ones. If those
who sold * balsams and "spices ^ were
more communicative, they were even less
well informed than dealers. in 7 simples.”
Perhaps the Oriental middlemen from whoin
classical merchants derived their supplies
did not always tell the same tale or
provide artieles true to name.

The fall of the Western Empire
1፡45. dislocation of the traftie in
products than it did = to most of the
activities of the Latin world. lf the
barbarians who overthrew Rome preferred
European foods, they soon developed a
taste for Levantine condiments : the trade
11 U spices.) whieh flourished during the
middle ages. became a Venetian monopoly.
lt was a wish to break this monopoly that
took the Portuguese round the Cape of
Good Hope and led them to deprive Arab
seamen of the maritime supremacy they
had so long enjoyed in the seas beyond
the Cape of Currents. |t was a resolve to
destroy the new monopoly that induced
the Dutch to follow tbe Portuguese and
deprive them of their mastery of the Indian

caused
x
lZastern

Oceun. Tt was a determination to share
in the profits of the spice trade that led
the Merchant Adventurers of London 10

form an East India Company of their own.

As regards most Indian products the two
corporations could buy and sell on fairly
equal terms. But as regards the traffic. in
‘cinnamon, nutmegs and cloves.” equally
coveted by both companies, the Dutch
were at an advantage: they had reached
the Indies first and had taken over from
Portugal the political as well as the com-
mercial supremacy of Ceylon. and the Spice
q@slands. The example set by the West
Indies in. forming a Botanic. Garden at
St. Vincent. gave the English East India
Company a hint which the Dutch East

India Company hardly. required. The English

Company resolved to form a garden. in
which to naturalise, if possible, the
“aromatic plants "characteristic of, and

confined to islands held. by the Dutch.
The lead in this enterprise was taken by
the oldest. of the English. presidencies. The
(Government. of Fort. St. George established
an experimental garden at Samealcotta as
a centre in which to grow and from
which to distribute the plants that vield

* The Sir George Birdwood Memorial Lecture, delivered
before the Royal Society of Art: (Indian Section), on
Friday, January 9, 1925, by Lt.-Col. Nir David Prain,
C.M.G., CIE, LL.D., ፻.፲..5., F.R.S., late Director of
the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

TH E GARDE: TERS’ CHRONICLE.

“cinnamon, nutmegs and cloves,” — and
another similar garden at Marmalon, to be
used, like the garden. at St. Vincent. which

had supplied the idea, for the naturalisation
and distribution of economic plants generally.
The Dutch in Ceylon, with this example at

their door, now formed a garden. on the
lines of that at Marinalon,. in Slave Island,
near Colombo. But. the effeet of the action
taken by. the Government of Madras that

was to be of most consequence to Eastern
Asin was that produced. on the. Government
at Fort. Wiliam in Bengal: the healthy
rivalry between the two presidencies could
not suffer the one at which the Governor-
General resided to lag behind its neighbour
to the south. The Bengal Government
gave favourable consideration to a proposal
by the Secretary. to their Military Board
that a botanie garden be formed at Calcutta.
This

proposal was approved by the Court
of Directors ; the new garden was founded
in F786. From the outset, the Calcutta

garden was intended 1) combine the objects

for whieh the two Madras gardens had
been formed. ‘Chere was a hope that the
effort. to establish * cinnamon, nutmegs, and
cloves.” which had failed in Coromandel,
might succeed in Bengal; there was a
further hope that at might be possible to
naturalise in Bengai teak and other trees,
from various parts of India and Burma,
whose timbers were of importance to ship-
builders, in order that the company might
eventually be able to construet new, and
repair old vessels with material grown in
the vicinity of its own dockyard on the
Hughl:.

The records of the two Madras gardens

show that they differed. in more than their
original purpose. That at SNamalcotta was
placed in charge of Dr. William Roxburgh.
whose competence as a * phytologist `“ is
established beyond dispute by the recog-
nition accorded his economie labours by the
Royal Society of Arts, and whose eminence

as oa * botanist ` was manifested in his
great work on the * Plants of Coromandel,”
prepared while he was superintendent of
the Namaleotta garden. The advantage to
his charge and to his correspondents of a
superintendent who ” knew plants“ and
could describe and name them, was that
anything raised at and distributed from

Namaleotta must be exactly determined and
accurately designed. The garden at Marmalon
was in charge of a competent ** phytologist `
who, however, was not a *“ botanist” in the
contemporary sense and as defined. by the
ureat Linnaeus. We read in an official
letter to the Governor of St. Helena, dated
February 13. 1791: “I have forwarded
some trees under their Indian names rather
than wait for the examination of their
flowers and fructification.™ The | Dutch
Garden in Ceylon seems in this to have
resembled the garden of Marmalon. So,
during its earlier years, did the Calcutta
botanie garden. But when, in 1793,
Lieut.-Col. Robert Kyd. its founder and
first superintendent, died, the Court of
Direetors at home appointed Roxburgh to
succeed him and ordered his transfer from
the Madras establishment to that of Bengal.
With the advent of Roxburgh the Calcutta

garden became a botanie garden in fact as
well as in name. But this change in the
Character of the Calcutta garden made it
responsible, at least indirectly, for the
disappearance of the. two — Coromandel
gardens: that at Namalcotta was given up
when Roxburgh left; that at Marmalon
was abandoned some vears later. When
Ceylon was seized. by the English, the
garden established by the Dutech was
abolished. But the Calcutta garden was
soon to be directly responsible for the
formation of two new gardens, to the east

of the Nea of Bengal, modelled on the one
Which had been. made by Roxburgh for. the

Madras Government at Samalcotta.
When the English. took possession of
Ceylon they also occupied the Moluccas.

97

The Company, notwithstanding Roxburgh's
experience at Samalcotta and Kyd's experi.
ence at Calcutta, resolved to repeat, on
a more extended scale. their efforts 10
naturalise * cinnamon, nutmegs and cloves’
in India. We gain a moro vivid con-
ception of this great experiment from the
correspondence of Dr. Francis Buchanan,
Roxburgh’s friend and successor, than from
contemporary official records. Writing from
beyond the Magna. on May 10, 1797,
Buchanan said to Roxburgh: ‘ 1 congratulate
you on your success from the Spice Islands,

though I am much afraid that you will
have great difficulty in reconciling the
Nutmeg plant to the climate of Bengal.

Do not vou think that it might be advisable
for the Company to form a plantation of
Nutmegs, Cloves and Cinnamon near Cape
Comorin ? For it must he obvious that
our retaining possession of the Spice Islands
and Ceylon at the peace will be extremely
precarious.

Buchanan's fear was justified and the
Government of Fort. William, | when | it
decided to seek a locality less unfavourable
than Lower Bengal, chose Buchanan as the
officer to look for it. But the Bengal
Government did not. send. Buchanan to Cape

Comorin ; the locality they desired. must be
one within. the Bengal presidency. Writing
on January Ist, 1799, to his old friend and
fellow student, the President of the Linnean
Society, Buchanan said: — **Last — March,
April and May | was employed by the
Board of Trade in examining the provinces
of Chittagong and Tippera to find out the

places most likely to answer for the culti-
vation of spices." Soon after this deputa-
tion had been arranged, but before it had
begun, Roxburgh was invalided to the
Cape. When the deputation ended, Buchanan
was directed to act as superintendent of
the Calcutta Botanic Garden until Roxburgh
should return. Buchanan’s letter to Dr. J.
E. Smith, therefore, goes on: '*My report
was unfavourable; but Chittagong is going
to be tried, and I shall soon send off a
number of Nutmeg and Cinnamon trees to
be distributed among the proprietors of the
southern part of the Chittagong province,
especially in the island of Mascally.”

To be continued.

PUBLIC PARKS AND GARDENS.

THe Scarborough Town Council have
received permission to borrow the sum of
£8,400 for the extension of Peacholm Park.
The valley through which the stream that
feeds the lake in the park flows—nearlv
half a mile in length—is to be taken in,
and this wil add over thirty acres to the
park. The work is to take three years to
complete. The present season's work will con-
sist in the making of paddling and model
yachting ponds, the planting of the ad-
joining banks, and the making of an eight-
feet path the whole length of the valley.
The bed of the stream is to be raised in
places to form waterfalls. Most of the
valley will be kept in a semi-wild state,
the natural growth, which consists chiefly
of Hawthorn and Gorse being interfered
with as little as possible. 11 is intended,
however, to find positions for some of the
choicer and tender trees and shrubs, as the
valley is a warm and sheltered one.

District Council of Sowerby
Bridge has received the sanction of the
Ministry of Health to borrow £4,436 to
acquire land for extending Crow Wood Park.

Tur Urban

THe City Council of Oxford has accepted
a gift of land to be utilised as a playground
for the children of St. Clement’s. The
ground is situated to the north of Magdalen
Bridge.

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Fespruary 7. 1925.

THE

GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE.

99

where, did Galen get into
touch with the Tomato, remains unanswered.

The nezleet and suspicion which greeted
the Tomato at its advent have been amply
atoncd for in our owa day. Everybody
nowadays connected with its culture appears
to feel 11 incumbent upon them to put at
least one new variety into commerce. The
result 15 a most unwieldly and bewildering
list of names, the majority of which, in the
very nature. of things, appear to be
synonymous. This was amply demonstrated in
the tral conducted at Wisley. ደ At the same
time there is no justification for the charges
of wholesale deception which are hurled
broadcast by irresponsible writers, who know

how, when, and

little, and understand less, about the matters
on which they write. A slight variation
whieh — oecurs with one variety in one

growers plants may occur in several different
places at the same time, and each grower
might justly claim the novelty as his own,
but it must be admitted these variations
are very slight and do not justify the
addition of another name 16) an overladen
list.

The points imm a Tomato which have to
be considered concern the size, form, colour,
solidityv. flavour, fruitfulness, and adaptability
for travel of the fruit; hardiness or other-
wise of the plant, is a secondary. con-
sideration in England, where, for climatic
reasons, such a large percentage has 10 be
cultivated. under glass; but earliness 18 a
most desirable quality. 11 is universally
admitted that Britain. leads with the indoor
varieties, while America and France are
easily first with varieties for open air
culture, and Italy, by reason of the special
use Which has been developed in that
country, excels with the cluster section.

The following is an abbreviated list of a
few of the best varieties from which a
special selection may be made according to
the fancy of the prospeetive grower. As
the Tomato varies very much under different
eultural conditions; the best plan is to
obtain reliable seed of several varieties, and
be guided by the results. The plant needs

an abundant supply of moisture and good
clean manure, and if the cultural notes
given from time to time in The Gardeners’
Chronicle are intelligently followed. there
need not be any fear of the result.

Largest varteties.—Irrespective of colour.
Ponderosa, purplish-red: Ponderosa, scarlet ;
Crimson Cushion, one of the very best ;

Mikado, scarlet ; and President Garfield, big and
ugly, but of very good quality: fruits
of the last weigh 2 Ibs. to 23 lbs. each.

Purple varietics.---Acme, and Beauty, both
good in every respect except colour; they
succeed best in a hot climate.

Crimson variclics.-—Matchless, Duke of York,
Livingstone's Perfection, and King Edward.
Scarlet varicties.— Best of All, Chemin Rouge,

Champion, Kondine Red, May's Favourite,
Marvel of the Market. Recruit, Ailsa Craig,
and Sunrise.

Yellow varieties. - - Green Gage, Golden

Queen, Golden Nugget, Golden Trophy.
Cluster. seton- The plants of this section
should be pulled up in the autumn, while

hearing their fruit. and hung up in a
sheltered room where. there is no danger
from frost: the fruits ripen on the plants
and may be picked as required for usc,

Pear-shaped, red, and vellow: King Humbert,
oval, red, best of all; Prince Borghese,
fruits like an ezz-Plum, taperme to a point,
bearing large clusters of bright scarlet fruits;
Wonder of Haly. very carly and productive,
producing clusters of fifty or more solid,

Plum-shaped. scarlet fruits of good keeping
ualit y.
Other varieties. of Interest from — various

standpoints are: Cherry Hed and . Cherry
Yellow, both very productive, but lacking in
solidity and flavour. ‘The association of the
red variety with Miller, gives it an added
interest. Red Currant (Soli um racemitlorum,
Dun), is more ornamental than useful. It
may be eater by those who relish acidulated

insipidity. Apricot, Luscious, or Peach, 18 a
very distinct, tall-growing, rather late variety
with fruits of a pleasing deep-pink colour,
covered with a slight. bloom like a Peach;
flavour inclined to sweetness; the nearest
approach to a dessert fruit.

The Strawberry or Husk
Cape Gooseberry) 14 a species
and very pleasant to the taste. It is easily
grown in England in hot summers. Ít is
only right to state that many very excellent
varieties of Tomatos are omitted from the
foregoing list owing to lack of space. S. B.
Dicks.

Tomato (syn.
of Physalis,

HOME CORRESPONDENCE.

— — —

The Best Early Apple.—1 am surprised that
no mention was made by Seasider of James
Grieve, which is a good dessert Apple—-the
best I know--but | have not seen St.
Everard, which may be earlier and quite as
good. F. D. H.

Bees and Apple Fertilisation. | have been a

beekeeper for the past twenty-seven years
and am much interested in this sub-
ject. The point raised by your corre-
spondent seems to be that the bees prefer
other flowers to Apple blossom. 11 18 a
well-known fact that bees (apart from the
flow of nectar) do prefer certain flowers.
Sir Jobn Lubbock found, years ago, that
even colour had an attraction, but | have

never seen bees neglect Apple blossom when
the weather was suitable for them to fly.
Your correspondent, Market Grower, states
that he has seen them streaming away to
Clover and Charlock -I have little experience
with — Charlock -- but | cannot recollect
seeing White Clover sufficiently advanced. to
attract bees when Apples are in bloom.
Mr. Molyneux states he put one swarm in
his orchard. Unless this swarm had been
very specially treated, 1 should have been sur-
prised if he had seen many bees amongst the
Apple blossom in 1923 and 1924. more
especially if the weather was anything like

what it was here- cold at nights, wet and
sunless, just the sort of weather when bees
cannot work and no nectar flows. What
was the result? Plenty of bloom, no bees,
and no fruit. T venture. to suggest if the
weather had been suitable for the bees,

they would have done the pollinating. 1 am

convinced the bees are of great. value. to
fruit growers, and especially amongt self-
sterile varieties of Apples. James Mills,
Shavington Gardens, Market. Drayton.

-- |] am unable to state if bees assist
in the fertilisation of Apples. l know,

however, that bees will sometimes attack ripe
Peaches. During the season of 1922, in a
Berkshire garden, bees proved very des-
tructive to our ripe Peaches. Perhaps
during that season of dull, wet weather,
the flowers were not providing sufficient
attraction, and therefore these busy bees
turned their attention to the fruit quarters.
l had not previously noticed any damage
to fruit from bees, nor have I met with
any evidence 10 this. cffeet since. the. season
mentioned above. Of course, bees are very
attentive. to Peach blooms, and no doubt
assist in the fertilisation of this fruit.
C. Ruse.

The British Carnation Society.--! am of the

opinion something should be done to
improve this Society on the. lines of the
National Rose Society. As this Noclety 18
at present constituted, membership is
restricted, thus allowing little scope for
great development. The Society has too
small and narrow an outlook of its. duties,
and 15 controlled mainly by the trade. [|
submit that the introduction of amateurs
who are disinterested parties, in the mamn-
agement oof its affairs, would be most
advantageous. All otber Carnation societies
should be approached with a view to
amalgamation so as to make one powerful

organisation. I feel sure this could be
accomplished, and would enable a sequence
of shows to be held all the year round, at
which all classes of the Dianthus family
could be exhibited, thus creating and
maintaining a perpetual interest. Recon-
struction on these lines would mean that
the management should be in the hands of
men who have the necessary time to give
to the welfare of the Society. A properly
paid official could. easily be found to carry
out the clerical and organising work.
Surely, with such a beautiful flower as the
Carnation to deal with, a great effort
should be made to further its popularity in
every direction. Walter Hyde, Sunbury.

The Banana in Uganda.—Mr. Brown’s
account in the Gard. Chron. of Decem-
ber 27, is very interesting and suggestive.
l understand that in the Canary Islands,
Bananas are attacked by a small moth in
its larval state, called Hierorestis subcervinella,
whilst in the West Indies the genus Musa

suffers from the depredations of a large
black weevil (Cosmopolites sordidus). In
Uganda. therefore, the Banana appears to

be as fortunate as the natives who live on
it. C. Nicholson.

Plants which remain Steadfast.—As no onc
has replied to this tentative article (Gard.
Chron., December 20, 1924, p. 423), may I
suggest that it is just as well that such
things as Salvia patens and — Agathaca
coelestis have not been spoilt by the
improvements (?) of the plant hybridisers.
whose ideas appear to run largely in the
direction. of producing some form of hideous
monstrosity as regards shape, size, or
colour. Can anything among plants be
more uninspiring, for instance. than double-
Daffodils, Cactus Dahlias, or Chrysanthemums
the size of Cabbages and looking like the
heads of very respectable mops? Since the
beauty of Salvia patens and Agathaea coelestis

consists in the colour of the flowers, no
* improvement" is called for. C. Nicholson.
Brazil or Para Nuts (see p. 45).- -

Bertholletia excelsa. or the * Castanha ” of
the natives, 18 an extreme member of the
Myrtaceae, at one time made a separate order,
Lecythidaceae. including Lecythis Zabucajo
(Sapucaia Nut), the Cannon-Ball Tree, and
several other genera. Bertholletia is a
native of Guiana. Venezuela. and Brazil.
where it forma a tree one hundred feet to
one hundred-and-fifty feet in height, with a
trunk three feet to four feet in diameter.
The young fruit is four- to five-celled, each
cell containing only a few ovules, but at
maturity is packed with eighteen to twenty-
four triangular, wrinkled seeds. which, when
disturbed, cannot be replaced again. These
fruits are about six inches in diameter,
with a hard shell about half-an-inch thick,
and a lid that opens transversely. At
maturity they fall to the ground and are
collected by Indians called “ Castantieros,"
who visit the forests at the proper scason,
collect them in heaps, split them open
with an axe, pack the seeds in baskets,
and convey them down the Amazon and
its tributaries to the port of Para in their
canoes. Unless quite recently, the Brazil
Nut Tree. has never been planted. though
trees are left on the. ground in forest
clearings for the sake of the nuts. Dr.
Durham is quite correct in stating that
the bark of the tree is the part used for
oukum. ln olden times, at least, the
boatmen made new shirts from the inner
bark of the tree. A young tree of the
proper size was stripped of its bark to a
height of eight feet to ten feet. The bark
laid on a stone or

was taken to the river,

a log, and beaten with a stick. When
free from the outer bark. the fibres were
opened, a slit made for the head, two for
armis, the whole folded in the middle. the
sides sewed, and the. shirt was complete.
When old, the shirts were as soft as
linen. J. F.

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FEBRUARY 7. 1925. THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. 101
considered that this annual meeting should forward. The Report concluded with thanks MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND
be instructed to ask the committee to to Mr. W. E. Wallace for his presidency, ORCHID.
consider the matter of granting an honorarium to Mr. D. Ingamells, who is Chairman of FRIDAY, JANUARY 23.—Commitlee present ;
to Mr. Ingram for the splendid manner in Committee and also Chairman of the Market ተከር Rev. J Crombieholine (in eoa chair),
Which he had carried out the arrangements Committee; to Mr. W. Irving. Superintendent Messrs. ላ. Burns A. Coningsby, D. A Cowan
of the festival dioner with such happy of Covent Garden Market; to Mr. Jolis for ፲ Cypher, J Evens, A Keeling, 3: M CAEN:
results, a proposal that was agreed to with decorating the dinner tables when the and H. Arthur (secretary). i
applause. Mr. Ingram, in thanking the foreign guests were entertained in May; to i ፪ሽ nz ol
members for his re-election, stated that he Mr. T. Windle and Mr. D. Sweet for special . AWARDS or MERIT.
would continue to do all in his power not assistance in connection with flower market Cypripedium Asion, Bolholt variety (Queen
only for the committee but for the business; and to Mr. George Monro for Alexandra x aureum Ocdippe). From Capt.
beneficiaries of the Institution and its allowing the use of his firm's salerooms for W. HorripGe.

welfare generally.

The retiring members of committee, Messrs.
Bedford, Bullock, Dye, Jennings, MacDonald,
Sutton, and Wallace were re-elected, and
Mr. H. Hicks and Mr. H. B. Piper elected

to fill vacancies.

Messrs. Cobley, Kay and Co were re-
appointed auditors and = thanked for their
past services.

At this stage the meeting was adjourned

for the taking of the ballot, and Messrs.
Ingamells, White and Cox were appointed
scrutineers. Later in the afternoon the
results were announced as follow :--Jane
"unmons, 4,040; Emma Robinson, 4,028 ;
Emily Martin, 4,015; George Doe, 3,603 ;
William Manning, 3,472; Henry Southgate,
3,374 ; James Elliott, 3,372; W. J. Gilks,
3.308 ; Alfred F. Bailey, 3,261 ; George House,

3,223 ; Elizabeth Hopkins, 3,168; Frederick
Willis, 3,167 ; Rachel Walters, 3,140 ; Thomas
Thurgood, 3.140; Dinah Bovington, 3,034 ;
Thomas W. R. George, 3,021; Stephen F.
Collins, 2,995; Elizabeth D. Morley, 2,970 ;
Robert Mackenzie, 2,912; Hannah Hodgson,

2.804 ; John Crook, 2,758 ; William H. Mayne,
2.619 ; and Samuel Pragnell, 2,314. ‘Thomas
W. R. George, Stephen F. Collins, Elizabeth
D. Morley, Robert Mackenzie, Hannah
Hodgson, John Crook, William H. Mayne,
Samuel Pragnell, A. Ranson and H. Sale were
the candidates selected to be placed permanently
on the funds to commemorate the Presidency

of H.R.H. the Prince of Wales.
BRITISH FLORISTS’.
Tue prevailing epidemic of influenza was

responsible for a somewhat small attendance
of members on the occasion of the annual
general meeting of the British Florists’
Federation, held at the Connaught Rooms,
Great Queen Street, London, during the
afternoon of Thursday, January 29.

Mr. W. E. Wallace presided, and those
present included Mr. G. Shawyer, Mr. F. W.
Ladds, Mr. W. Artindale, Mr. R. G. Piper,
Mr. C. Engelmann, Mr. Milton Hutchings,
Mr. W. Blackburn, Mr. H. Hannibal, Mr.
Hf. T. Mason, Mr. L. Mills, Mr. W. Robins,
Mr. ፐ. Windle. Mr. Laurence Cook. Mr.
Alfred = Ward, and Mr. Brooke Bray.
Following the formal opening proceedings the
Secretary read numerous letters from
absentees. most of whom regretted their
inability to attend as a consequence of
illness.

The report of the Committee for the year
1924, together with the. audited. accounts
were read, and their adoption was moved
by Mr. W. E. Wallace and seconded by
Mr. G. Shawyer, the latter of whom made
special reference to the work of the Joint
Committee on the heating of glasshouses.
In the fairly lengthy report reference was
made to this last-mentioned subject, which
is being investigated by a Committee com-
posed of members of the British Florists’
Federation and the Lea Valley and District
Nurscrymen and Growers? Association, and
copies of the preliminary report were on
sale to members present. Continuing, the
report reviewed the work of the Market
Floral Committee, the International Horti-
cultural Conference held in London in May
last. and made special reference to the
work of the Federations Market Committee
which deals exclusively with matters affecting
Covent Garden Flower. Market. The financial
statement showed an expenditure of ሂ264 13s. 6d..
leaving a balance of ሂ3 Is. 4d. to be carried

the eonduct of the Market Floral Com-
mittee’s business. It is of interest to
observe that the Federation continues its

support of the Chamber of Horticulture and

has contrbuted thereto à sum of £20.
Thanks to the officers and committee for

their work during the vear were accorded

on the motion of Mr. T. Windle and Mr.
L. Cook. The retiring president, Mr. W. E.
Wallace received quite an ovation when
thanks were tendered to him on the motion
of Mr. F. W. Ladds and Mr. Milton
Hutchings. Mr. W. E. Wallace moved, and
Mr. H. T. Mason seconded, the proposal

that Mr. F. W. Ladds be president for the
ensuing year. Mr. Ladds was elected
unanimously, and then took charge of the
meeting.

Most of the retiring members of committee
were re-elected on the motion of Mr. Engelmann
seconded by Mr. Robins, and Mr. T. Windle and
Mr. Skene were appointed to fill vacancies,
while Mr. Wallace was elected to fill the
vacancy brought about by the election. of
Mr. Ladds to the presidency. Messrs. George
Cobley, Kay and Co. were appointed hon.
auditors, and thanked for their services.
Mr. Shawyer referred to the excellent work
done by a committee of the Farmers’
Union in connection with the subject of
the differential rates of wages, and ከር
moved that the thanks of the meeting be
sent to the Farmers’ Union, and particularly
to Mr. Roland Robbins, Mr. (Guild, and
the five employers’ representatives who had
carried out the investigation. This was
seconded by Mr. Ladds, and heartily agreed to.

Tea was then served and immediately
afterwards Mr. George Cobley gave an address
on “Some Income Tax Difficulties." This
was greatly appreciated by the members
present, who subsequently joined in a brisk
discussion, which, however, chiefly took the
form of questions and answers. Mr. Cobley
was very heartily thanked for his address.

During the evening members and friends,
including numerous ladies, dined together at
the Connaught Rooms under the presidency
of Mr. F. W. Ladds. The tables were
beautifully decorated with bowls of La Victoire
Hyacinths sent by Mr. Ladds, and arranged
with Snowdrops, Ivy sprays, and Willow by
Mr. Harry Miles. The proceedings were
thoroughly enjoyable, and there was an ex-
cellent programme of music under the direc-
tion of Mr. Ralph Norris.

Mr. T. Windle proposed
Florists’ Federation,” to
Shawyer, one of the founders, responded.
Mr. C. Englemann paid a generous tribute
of regard and esteem to the retiring President,
Mr. W. E. Wallace, which was thoroughly
endorsed by all present. Mr. F. W. Ladds
proposed “ Flowers and Flower Growers," to
which Mr. W. Robins, on behalf of the
salesmen, and Mr. Piper, on behalf of the
florists, responded. ‘‘The Ladies and Visitors”
was proposed by Mr. W. Artindale in very
humorous and pleasing fashion, and this was
responded to by Mrs. W. E. Wallace and
Mr. George Cobley. The toast of the Chair-
man. proposed by Mr. David Ingamells, was
accorded musical honours, during which the
electric lights went out. The members fell
in with the humour of the situation, and
joined together in the semi-darkness in singing
* Auld Lang Syne.” At the conclusion, when
light was restored, Mr. Ladds presented every
lady and each of the artists. with a bowl
of Hyacinths, a present that was very greatly
appreciated.

“The British
which Mr. George

Odontoglossum Faustina (Dora x crimium) /
C. The Captain ; C. Vega (priam x Germaine
Opoir). From Mr. Joun Evans.

Laelio-Catileya Frederick Boyle var. F'asceiuator
(C. Trianae x L. anceps). From Messrs.
KEELING AND SONS.

CFROUPS.

Mrs. Bruce and Miss WmiuIGLEY. Bury.
(gr. Mr. A. Burns) staged a group to which
a Silver-gilt Medal was awarded.

Silver

Large Medals were awarded to
Messrs. J. CYPHER AND Sons, Cheltenham,
and Mr. J. Evans, Colwyn Bay, for

miscellaneous groups of Orchids.

ROYAL CALEDONIAN HORTICULTURAL.

THE Annual General Meeting of the above
Society was held in Dowell’s Rooms, (George
Street, Edinburgh. on January 14, Mr. R.
Fife, President, in the Chair. "The proceed-
ings. which were of a purely formal nature,
consisted in the election of tho new office-
bearers, and in the presentation of the report
by the Council and the statement of the
accounts for the year, both of which were
agreed to. The financial statement showed
a deficit on the year's working of £54 17s. lOs.,
which was practically accounted for by the
deficit on the spring show. Mr. R. Fife was
re-elected president; Mr. A. Chalmers was
elected to the vacancy in the vice-presidencics ;
and Miss Todd and Messrs. W. Crighton,
L. B. Stewart, and D. Armstrong appointed
to fill vacancies on the Council.

+f Owing fo pressure on our space the report

of the Annual Meeting of the National
Chrysanthemum | Sociely is. held over until the
next issue.

Obituary.
Mr. Philip Lee-Warner. — Mr. P. Lec.

Warner, who died suddenly at his house at
Bletchingley on the 28th ult., had probably
done more than any man of his time for
fine typography and colour.printing. The
well-known: Medici prints originated with
him, and it was entirely due to his un-
tiring personal efforts that it became
possible not only to produce such work in
this country, but to rival Munich and
Milan in a field in which those places had
for so long been pre-eminent. Mr. Lee-
Warner was a keen amateur cultivator of
plants, as well as a director of the publish-
ing house of Martin Hopkinson and Co.,
Ltd., a felicitous combination which gave
rise to the gardening handbooks and other

horticultural works recently published by
that firm, and of which Irises, by Mr.
Dykes, and Crocuses, by Mr. W. Bowles,
have already been issued. Like many men
who bring a fertile mind to the cultivation
and study of plants, Mr. Lee-Warner felt
the need for books which should tell the
intelligent amateur sufficient to enable him
to grasp the salient points of the cultiva-

tion of a particular plant or group of
plants, and, like the Editor of the Present

Day Gardening series of books, now unfor-
tunately, for the most part, out of print,
he realised the importance of leaving such
work in the hands of men who have first-
hand knowledge of the subject gained by

long observation of such plants. under every
day working conditions,

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Uy fü-page Catalog 2 and inde, ክክ ‘phittalng a E us 2 ዘ =
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-RAYNES. PARK, LONDON, S.W. 20.

‘Sow VERIBEST SEEDS 8:
7፡7 the Kry Best Results |

White OR CATALOGUE,
APPROVED AGENTS WANTED

| GARDEN Supruesl:

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— — —

Thomas. Rivers & 58 ita,

The Nurseries.

8099 DUTCH BULBS, ROSES and PERENNIAL PLANTS

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Y i ብ ^ : AY ors ` “ “
X ቃ ; ካ 4
› . N . erst A. ፤ ‘ - x ey à
i " *
ነ ፆ 4 1 ; —æ* ` - "T ^ "
# ኣመና ብ ts * +
. Kane T
d Y Xo vr f. ^ * ሠ v
Y itt > er <
T x, TA >" የ
? bos T4 Mt የ ፉ
ጾ N04 7 shade

E — | TR GARDENERS CHRONIC TE. NES 3 | EPPS AMIE [ስ

it ah ባው ውጣም — — — — — —

DOUBLE YOUR SUPPLY OF

VEGETABLES & FLOWERS BY SOWING

GIBBS’ PRIZE GARDEN SEEDS, — E
Qin Prise Seque pvw 8... አየ ቂኒኑ 888 fit? .
Uus; aud are THE ክቱ“ CEN FRR FORRU:
These PRIZE =፡ ፳፻10= have heen. texted. ny. thie
Wyrilabry of —* Veo di arid ort: w bs tein vo bes

4, URS S Hj ATION
(18፲ኤ8፡፡ 881::ፏ. PE REIF

WILLIS BROS.

Garden. Fertiliser

TRE BEST ON THE ?
NO STABLE MANURE | REQUIRED.
bor diggings wi of as ል "pe dressing Far
Kitchen Gardens or Fieebayieade- Raiders:
፻፲ ርፍ, 15 => daw, ፳=:. 28 My Bes ቋች as -
— Yen: ለዚ አየ ባሩ Paid) Us

MATS: 5 (MATS ፤ “wares

ve Russis At Sy sis * AL; 28. by if fun: drum $us A s
iw Hessian S Mats, a 8. by: atte 6 dis ¥ seach,

--38-« dog [ e" D

EE 3882 "reiépbonie 2 TUM. Aüdiscontle. d

— — — — y

| "ji LONDON HORTICULTURAL. STORES 1

.SCOTT & SONS’
| IMPROVED LAWN SAND
Me c

iH scoti.
RESONS ^ me
ot Lais. P kg WA E (9. tbe iine kd

oder 9 eniros ting

| Mòde and W 8፡15. (ይዩ 1 DD.

s HTÜRA ፤,6፤፪#፡ THeskeaven]
Catdadios «9? Prise cts. (ህህ) Liatden H dt Hy, uo E
Zinego LU eae T6 y, Write toy yuur Fine: Vh

7 $t
) ጋ Lr] P
- n - ነ A = x -
'( . ~ 7 ኮፍ. ናና ሜያ i, “eat « - x mut
—— — — — — — — See caries — — aanas Aie ንመ SG ake SSS ELEC ቋር ርኤ — — — — —
ና - M j k h/t ecu’ TOF) h ቕ ም T"
č 5

‘ronnie Gotta, | SAND. —

zz

(Orde se Hutsin of Bein the Eod ee qz dol "a nw )

£5 Hotes, MR dig Mera, ሃክ het pide 3 እ ለሳ ሲት ; Dressed e ans 35 Coe 21%... ከብርመጩ3 ath — |

: of Marve M. cove away ür dur peelt : Ae RR ies sein pte yan NR Beas eed Sea ል —
ee RS UR. E qut. cwt: 8^ am per: ton. -VINE MANURE. E ERE i

T. GHIBS, F RHS, Thy Price —

—— — mm à — D E | The V He reduirt sow jarge Quantity i t Potash

| corra LAWR MANURE (tse 1 Yb. አዕ exery -
y square yards). 15 per NEG B18 ton.

| SCOTT'S- vie “AND ‘PLANT MANURE.
U^ s TPS, EWE cam: pec ton deus ing 899...

fruit, “Our Nbinure TONNS zw Potash 3297 |
P hbspbate dod 38* and othe: etilis ;
RN usi vop 1ክ8ዮ- 11.1. ‘the basta the fo:
marker. The CM inr old. Vines: is ve ery "edd, detis
jt jars new lfeonpt thers: ARE RG.

1cwt.25/-. 56 10s: 88 -..>ኤ 1155. B - A ር arr, bake j

FIRSTS ang THRE SECONDS al Fo Raval 8-1
“walt arat Seve v's Penit. show fora lection rt fini pes.

::. ጸገህሼቤ haa dapi only: ‘our’ Vite Maine pr soni years:
, J aat yeciind ° MIRST ERIAN eant, at Heus; Rink
psc nx: ry

— — — — — — —

WINTER. WACH for "Fruit ገ

11 hi E peepared from the recipe of a celé-4
brani Canadian Apple Grower, «ho 65 Treted
-für his clean. fruit and. oréhianda. Aral. 30--.
galsi 45. 4, Cans: inclutted.. Carriage paid.

, || BARDEM BUPPLIES AT LOWEST PRICES.
FORBES' Catalogue 11.1 at Tete " VM VA or onde AMageghn ail #ሀ#ሸ፡ rellene:
| ርጠጩ።፡ 5 Pelion ፡፥ , Pentwemona > T Y (Autore: Freem upili,

-Violas -> wi. AS Bros.: FHATPENDEN) Ltd. | ee

Hardy Border- nd: Rock Plants, Seeds, ate. — _HARPENDEN, _HERTS. ——
FREE ON: ‘APPLICATION: ; :
JOHN FORRES (Hawick) LIMITED.
The. King’s — HAWICK. SCOTLAND.:

ELSOM'S. “SEEDS

NEW FEA መዘ, የርቨርለጸዑ WONDER; 3 - pti 5 aart
-REN 98108, ፳15955. ፳ልነዘዕ፳0ኞ, Ew yer ONIN: ንን

ርፍ FOMATS, ፳(6688። SPHINX, purkets, T2 i TE
lese iir. itr am 6ኛ vat aae. Wud meted ‹ (41/8ክ፡.፣ s l

GEO.. 15614. (Deps. A ‘SPALDING,

A. ነ " — Pink” el
Sweet Pea.

"PLANT
" ^ SUNSHINE ' "oW. your ሬብ.

Buy. it from your. Seedsman |

d p^ = . e 4 i : A P S
ABL. 4 - -E = 5 > 2x
ፍፍ ሚፎመው ያን ያህ ላድ ሖ eh ከ Wits Riel CARNE DSA ሥመ — —————— a መ ም ምም” — አ ብዓ M — —
ቅ y Sy ton ie ACE . . $ : ፡ . ] 5 à

- DO SR ኢጋ Td SP BOE ACE OE S del M LY V ——— — — uita
z> ". 3 U je >
TE ME ቀ —

1 ——
^ Bas

KIRK'S [Ere —

Mie Plant and "eecetalle 1 Fonda (Rewstereils

The. ‘Best 48. He Market 16 - al! piir poses, |
Pacts. which rannoot he dispurex.- 8
ሃጽ. SO EAT AE j-ewi. Bs DURER PAM E

at ደ. * Bail. in tas - Mark: fh Yay ህ —*

THE BEST AN
; CHEAPEST.

SPECIAL. POTS
for Roses, Mines.
ርመ Orchids, and
- Chrysanthemums.

የመጣ Fern. Pans. and
Bulb Bowls,

“Non — HR this — Very Fibrous, የይቨሪክ/ Turt Loam
a pore! WINE BOKDERS, “CARNATIONS. D
CROSES MELONS, ‘CHRYSANTH EMUMS.
O ፻8፻1፻5፡ UNDER GLASS, ttc. —

— —— — — *

| “ሠ Carriage Paid to — Station.
ንአይ 34: eaeh:

11.-:.: ፳ Me Walking!

Nee Park “Cranleigh SURREY. | | ልክ Orders. —

ከከ. kaine a ከ.
eh

፦ —
ከ em,
ግያ

Oey “ጋጭ” p የፎብ፤ —— dam d

Trade Wack Sitacdnd የ. Brey ay:

Bold by Ali Gadime, sir. from thy ele hier J x E T PHOSPHATE OF AMMONIA |. tse AMOR 31 cor i
46, timber ከረ. um N. s. || PHOSPHATE OF POTASH || ; ኢር ፡
: ^ t DE Very. eoncertratad, eapecrally suitable for 1 | . ማማለል SANKEY & SON, LTD.
do v high-class Curdening Fertilisers. . | | ፪ MOTTIN lcu s
፡ 7 EOC sl _PERBY & HOPE, ie. iti hr. Glasgow |
WHAT POTATOES ARE YOU PLANTING?” poe Ji LESE THOR EON
-SPENCE'S SCOTCH SEED POTATOES | | ተተ --. CHEER
S 9m. እሪህ አቲ 3719. ‘ites iy Board of Agricultura | =A 1 EU NE ፒ Cx ATO R
i Ometi i Stock». Quaranteéad Hand Picked, $ H Urri hath eni rittioat- አ al, petu X6
; መዛ Calnlogue and Potato (rowing Gide Bree. | | "dee Es ዞ — eye ———
CHAS. T. SPENCE, is - : R. ዚ ዓ Gardeners? Diary | NO, CM C Auras የ” SA 35 ee ከሆ 0h
54 Pow — PURAR, Sealand, = ie | | pats ሬር xi AT PATE
xf S —— i 2 Cale Hy MT Tibe ot «52% ur] ነ ፳ዌነ1ኔው፤፤
። መክ ትና —2 isi — ay NOW | READY. || COREY * ids, nan RT COR —— BE. 2.
A dad Sue for the pocket; !
HOUSES NEW SCABIOUS || oe as ን RE — ee terhenti
ር wit ፤ pencH 81 back, and
offered for the first time im Sest. Welpen ጫኬ EMEM Selb pehiny reviens ioo | PROPAGAT OR FRAME
TEN. DISTINCT. NAMED VARIETIES FOR | 35. TH TUE. en Trice. 22 post: free; A | Acor ha 68፡5 ት ልዬ ዕይ M bes —
ITA YS t ci —— | Nilo ከባ Fata prot. si TPs Etat? AD — boa Ww
ጻድ vit lin nf. Mahy o N alri ye MN tH e Tw, Sn | —* Pa —
itu af many: ote: ovoltics poni Gee.. WE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, — | £e ቁና 96.
WILLIAM. AY CONWAY, pers T | 85, Tavintoek Street; - E GE ። 0 EKERS. LTD. t: 2,

—— Garden, NC. Be

O8 FAST. FINCHLEY, Wi t

— Fornes, Le — N du, ኤ ፲. |

1 dur ts proper. trawth. and. thee developmact of Pears

Me [ርቢ Newborn, antics, Radtert, Wert THHEH A Sea

BEM o NE i os co EDS የዩ IRENE RS CHRONICLE.

um m TANE RU "WT T m 111

su PER

“LINCOLNSHIRE #8 ) POTATOES

SPECIALLY. SELECTED. STOCKS... Sharpss

Expres,’ oe ና Sir John itas dmi Queen,

Ring: Edwarda ; Quean Mary, Ally and. Majestic: ea
: “Large Or small quantities, ሯ
Wim writing, Peate pale quanitty required, tos CES
v. GONE M mMIS. &. ROMS, . ETD.. zv

(Dept. Ne ደ 3) KEHFTON, HTO —

ORCHIDS.

Clean, well grown and cheap; also -
Many Rare and Choice: Varieties.

“STOWE AND. GREENHOUSE PLANTS OF ALL በ8. ን

Rint. send for Oatelogun.

, JAMES, CYPHER & SONS,
| Estie Narseriee, CBELTENHAM,,

| CROCKE RY STONE

| | Beat — ‘Weathered | Limestone. for.

- Rackeries,. Rock. Gardens, tec

(Dy any sized pieces. UG sut. "requiseroents,

Any. guantky XA Large 899ከ፪9 Y eee

—9 Eor. pries yino. ጠይ alii; — Lae
METUS Me MC A ፲፪. LEY "4. BONS

SRM MEARE Mu — BoRPE. oo

“BLACK CURRANT “BUSHES.

— i — PLA

kinda of Foliage, Flowering & Climbing Plants
Ths አ ጓደ mop sopie solladion in-the Prodi:

.R. RUSSELL, LTD. |
> ማመ Nurseries, Richmond, Surrey, | ፡|.

የ,»

71 the Pots that —
BAILEY ጆ 80፲፳5፣ ፤/4.;
— — |

ፒዛ"

ክሄዚዩዬህ ያኔ የሃ ጾዓን ሚፍ የፍ
Ry, Madatiesies. —

n m T tini | th "m Wi

Hie A E 3 “cheer — fay waah AA AST
Te ARES: Soper: Lasspimowbr:
Rc uL VER EN AVEC
AMS Tan "Irievels here; tring there
wit. with wonderful, bane. al --.
PERT AA tat: n mare, F T
SUE PHA የድ with hall the: smd
; i — expres eitur fF. Fie. amd dere. c.

> Write dar: ese: ‘Booklet iH t * cat us ;
er. ወጩደ sour: Jronmonger. Jer — 7
“demonstratio. gc

4 p SUPER TAWNMOW ERS, v :
) (Hi. Mes inei Brad.

‘LAWN MOWER

f T

y^ uv Ru "m ቀ ›ቃ ኗ
ጋህጅ” 5 us SUR ap “ቆቁ ች.ል ኒኢ ፍይ ለክ GELD, aT: ጣራ ——— A — — n9 — — —

m Wm mmm ini Tm m 1. y) id D vm Tm TIR WE

dae ester :

REDUOTIONS.

H ^
«ውዓ. አክ =.5 ‹'4ወዮ፣። Oe a Nee ene —

Dds C40. pushes the =.
machine gHite >
— — We Cahill. ;

LER LH NHN

| s

FORMAE '
* GENADE pae SETS.
^ tunt 'ዊ ‹:ዲ'ኛ=ዮ፪:-3ሄ - '"
er | Reise atii tha Ü

^K ares RPM

"eme [

“ሥ — MAC à i
‘ — —

+7 i S

— — dc Rans-

am iiai: n CRN

ajet ——— OS R
Aon ም :

nul HEU X

jii

270979 40. Cui SUIS

ORCHIDS ©

"The Largest Raisers, 45 Reinet Gowen. & Exporters |

Pioneers’ oË The Scientific እሽ tet be d E:
ot Orchid Seeing Raising.

HAYWARDS. HEATH. SUSSEX

THE GARDE NERS /CHRONICLE -

: ‘Horticultural Directory

The Horticultural Directory: ja not heing ል
reprinted. this year; but: '" [ቪክሮ] number
at copies. of the. Save for: X024. RUE —
able vit athe: “reduced. price: mE
| "Aa. post. fom i :

አከ — Should be: wddrisied 20 :

| GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, LTD.

S Tavistock Sb, Covent: Garder, W E€ A

Variety * EDINA. The bari 18 the warts,

jus | FIRAT PRIZR at ASHFORD, KENT, SBOW, July, im
Aralias, Crotons, Caladiums, ቪንኖክፍመይጻ፥ ይር all ia

Very fino t year old. husbes, V6 dox., 14/8 per 24

"eArtixge pali bj jmasengcr.. bend — 50; afe per. 100, "S
A pur, 96. ire& on rail gouda t :

?-yenr በ141 bushes half. je e prives
“Book now trom: the raiser for Spr ng delivery.
6-ጩ ከ69 trom big bud or reversion.
የ ው ador MATL” WA SCARLETT uk Bg ር i
Re MARRET arakat, — — ab,

.ህበዘሄልፐ-

L&rys itustrindd 9065658495 fis. 55? past PORK,

4 “ዘሁ — wio. e

S WORTH: & EO, ime :

Us unn. 23. TR 6 "n 46 & ———— —*

its UATM ል O0 ኔ16. , Savoy GEL tonii. ME Bee |

mE aL ክዉ." ሥመ ሐ

ISLINGTON

መ Met qat LE us

“SUMMER- KEEP OFF Mis SUN. -

WINTER-KEEP IN THE HEAT

TBMARSH |

AND SONS.: .
WOOD. Pus mM
GREENHOUSE
y BLINDS

ላለ OUR UNIQUE QUADTY (fro Tatent- No 14822)
||] NEW UNBREAKABLE CHAIN.
አሎ AND SPECIAL RIGIDITY.
TRANSENNA WORKS,
LONDON, Nt.

E — —
Hn SEED POTATOES ]

——— A

"dte: s ፣ * SG

| BUMPER ‘CROPS 51...

Write FOR

— PROOF S PRICES * y —

a LIMITED *
canman Street ን

EI

RUSSIAN | Rize.

—(xmallmize) .
'ፕልኮዬ6ነሃ 6 ft, xad

መል Bit eB ft.

— end to niessure.-
“No loose ends. -

o A

1 Trouble. Thè following Mats will 4
| keop it eut: M * |

MATS 70538. ne o 14/6.
-6ቭ.:568.. mae 45 /~

zs. ftxd2dU.. 24. a -89 =
— DARJEELING - MATTING 4. Stock

cive D AF daring the Niere ue

——— — E S i !

GIVES *

Weight. fee 7
Th. “Per በ05.

59. * 36/-

‘Rall on end reli $
JAN these mats will

SON LY

xil.

SITUATIONS VACANT. | (coa. from page iii.)

ILL HEAD GARDENER

recommend

young man as UNDER-GARDENER ? Motor
mower used.—Apply HEAD GARDENER, Oatlands
Preparatory School, Harrogate.

ነህ .. end of February, experienced

UNDER-GARDENER for Kitchen Garden and
general outside work; good wages to suitable man.—
Apply GARDENER, Bryn Llewelyn, Festiniog, Merioneth.

J YNDER. GARDENER required, single, Inside
U? and Out; duty alternate weeks, no bothy:
references required ; wages 37 6 week.--Apply GARDENE R,
6, Cannon Hill, Southgate, N. 14.

ANTED,
DENER,
Pleasure Ground:
Woodthorpe Hall,

experienced = UNDER-GAR-

single, for Kitchen Garden and
no duty.—Apply LACEY, Bungalow,
Handsworth, Sheffield.

ANTED, FOREMAN for Houses,

about 25; experienced with Carnations,
Cyclamens, Peaches, and Melons: decorating: wages
ae ad extra.— Apply with copies of refs., ete.,
H. H. MILIS, Fonthill House Gardens, Tisbury
Wis 7

WANTED. FORE MAN.
good plantsman ; Vines,

State experience and wages, with
Derry Ormond, Cardiganshire.

W id E D. FOREMAN, Inside:

experienced with Carnations, Chrys.. decor-
ative slants and fruits; £2, bothy., duty extra.—
Apply, with copies of refs, ete. A. R. ASHFORD,
Stanford Hall Gardens, Loughborough.

I FOREMAN. Inside, to take
charge of glass department and decorating ;
must be experienced in Carnations and Chrysanthemums,
fruit: bothy.—Apply ላ. E. F RIEND, Danesfield

Gardens, Marlow, Bucks.

W: ANT XXT ANTED, D,
of glas :

age
Chrys.,

161014. 1110] Out:

Peaches, Carnations.—
bothy. PHILLIPS,

age about

FOREMAN to take charge of
lodgings provided; state | wages,
ete.—Ardencote, Claverdon, Warwickshire.

experience,
WASTED. WORKING GARDENER to
act also as Sexton and Clerk, W- a week;

cottage: preference given to man with son aged 16.—
VICAR, Aldenham, Watford, Herts.

ANTED. good MAN for Pleasure Grounds,

pony mower: 32 -, botby. duty extra ; copies of

refs., etc.—A. ASHFORD. Stanford Hall Gardens,
Loughborough.

ANTED,. YOUNG MAN.

Outside work.—State age,

to R. DRANE, Bromhill Gardens,
shire.

single, for
wage, and particulars
Kidwelly. Carmarthen-

ANTED. YOUNG
Garden, not under 21,
and bothy.—STRONG, High

MAN
wayes
Grove,

for Kitchen
30 - per week
Eastcote,

ANTED. good MAN, Inside and Out.

State experience, age, and wage expected.
with bothy, duty paid —HEAD GARDENER, Bittes-
well Hall, Lutterworth, Leicester.

ANTED, leading - JOURNEYMAN,
Inside, age about 25

; must. be well recommended
State wages expected, with bothy, ete.—F. BACK,

The Garde Gardens Rokesnest Park, Go; stone, | Surrey.

———— — ውው

WANTED, go good first JOURNE YMAN
for Kitchen Gardens; 33 - bothy, ete. 5/-
extra for duty: to be recommended hy Head 610168.
F. CAPP, Nostell Priory Gardens, Wakefield.

\ A TANTED, JOURNEYMAN.
Houses, Wages 33 - weekly,

— CUNNINGHAM, The

Hall,

Romford, Essex.
OURNEYMAN, age 2l, required for
Pleasure Grounds, must be keen and energetic.—
J. AYERS, The Gardens, Sparrows Herne Hall, Bushey
Heath.

ANTED,
Garden :
5/- extra. State
M. NICHOLLS,
near Sevenoaks,

OURNEYMAN.— Pleasure grounds ;
የ enced ; herbaceous borders, Roses: Atco mower:
wages 40- per week with bothy. etc.; duty every
third week.—State full particulars, age, experience,
with copies of refs, W. H. MARSHALL, The
Gardens, Maple Hayes, Lichfield.

Plant
extra, no
Bishops

for
_ duty
Gardens,

JOURNEYMAN, for Kitchen
must be strong and energetic: duty
experience and wages with bothy.—
The Gardens, St. Clere, Kemsing,
Kent.

experi-

ANT ED, JOU RNE Y M AN, inside: under

foreman ; good bothy, attendance, milk, vege-
tables ; duty »- ei opies ot refere nees, when በ! liberty,
and wages expected, to T, H. LANE, Brougham
Penrith,

Gardens,

THE

GARDENERS

W ANTED. JOURNEYMAN. single,
for the hoses, one with gool knowledge

and experience:
Ascot, Berks.

no bothy.— POOLEY, Buckhurst Park,

W ANTED, experienced JOURNEYMAN
for Pleasure Grounds, age 22, wages 35'-, with
bothy ete.: duty alternate weeks »5'- extra: ten
E GREENING, Chelwood Beacon, Chelwood Gate,
cast

Grinstead.
W: ANTED,
NEYMAN immediately : mnst be

plants: state age, experience, ete.; without
ROSE, Michaelstowe, Dovercourt.

ነነ' ANTE D. JOU HN
am plant houses: wages 35- and bothy.—
Apply CRADDUC ኪ, Middleton Park, Bicester.

OURNEY MAN, isses for F ruit and
ቅ Plants; age 22; wages 32 - per week, with good
bothy; duty every thinl week. 5%- extra.— Particulars
to F. 43. EDWARDS, Cowdray Gardens, Midhurst,
Sussex,

N ARRIED COUPLE
4 as WORKING
KEEPER ኮዛ small

DD
asat gy

JOUR-
good at
bothy —

experienced Inside

12ነ MAN. for fruit and

(no encumbrances) ;
GARDENER and COOK-HOUSE-
house in Surrey (to live in),
used by owners. for week-ends and holidays; man
to look after poultry and pony: must be thoroughly
reliable.— Write, stating age, experience, and wages
required, to Box No. 129. co Whites, 33, Fleet
street, EC. 4

GARDENERS required

work together, neither being Head,
fruit, flower, and vegetable gardens of a small
Private Mental Hospital for Ladies.—Please apply,
with full particulars of age, experience, and salary
asked, to MRS. McCLINTOCK, The Grove House,
Church Stretton, Shropshire.

to

T LADY
in the

\ JANTED strong young man as GARDEN
LABOURER.—Please state wages, with bothy
board, copies of reference, to GARDENER

nnd
Vache, Chalfont St. Giles, Bucks.

The

TRADE.

እካ ክክ SINGLE MAN, about 25, for
small general nursery, under Foreman, with
experience oof Cues. and Toms. State wages, full

particulars of expericnce.—GALLAGHER’S NURSERY.
Andover, Hants.

ANTED, YOUNG MAN for small Market

Nursery and Fruit Farm, must be good
grower of (Chrys. and Toms, able to take entire
charge when required, a good post for the right
man. State experience, refs., and wages required.—
W. H. PENNEY, Nurseryman, Wigston.
ነ... experienced MAN, to grow

Carnations, Chrysanthemums, and raise Ferns

FEWSTER ሊፈ
Norton-on- Tees.

single preferred.—T.

in quantity, ete.,
፡ Ragworth Nurseries,

SONS, Head Office,

NANADA. Definite situations, Ontario

J Nurseries, large families with adult girls, gardeners,
farmhands, nurseryinen, sail Mareh., houses ready.—
UNION TRANSIT CO., Glasgow.

We good MAN for Toms. Cues.,
Mums. and bedding. Enclose refs. and wages

የ F« —POUOUR; Cold Ash, Newbury.

V ANTED. YOUNG MAN of good ad-
dress with some knowledge of Alpines, for

Nursery on south coast; state age, experience, and

wages required.—B. M.,
Covent. Garden, W.C.2.

We. at once, one or two expe-
rienced MEN for plant growing, must be quick
at potting; state age and wages required.—J AM ES
WHITAKER ሎ SONS, Nurserymen, Ltd., Prescot.

ጓ ሸሽ. Ti TWO YOUNG MEN. 18-22,
as IMPROVERS for Cucumbers and Tomatoes:

state wages and experience, ete, to W. EDWARDS &
SONS, The Nurserics, Ammanford, South Wales.

Box 20, 3, Tavistock Street,

YARDENER required, to represent

X old-established firm of horticultural sundries:
age and salary required to S. S. H., Box 2, 5,
Street, Covent Garden, W.C, 2.

an
state
Tavistock

wanted on com-
Corporations, Golf, Cricket,
Tennis and Bowling Clubs; excellent prospects for right
men: good selling lines. — EMPRESS PRODUCTS, LTD.,
90, Great George Street, Liv erpool.

I EPRESENTATIV ES

mission to call on

wanted,

pionisr. experienced, must be
good at designs and window dressing, fruiterer
and florist.—Give full particulars to J. W. LAWSON,
256, High Street, Lincoln.,

CHRONICA.

FEBRUARY ore 1925.

SITUATIONS WANTED

PRIVATE.
AD GARDENER

mo. or GARDEN ER.
BAILIFF; Mr. A. D. Pilkington highly
recommends his Head Gardener, €. E. LAWRENCE,

thoroughly experienced both departments, good manager.
control of staff, accounts, etc.; excellent references.—
Address, Dean Wood, Newbury.

EAD GARDENER.BAILIFF seeks re-

engagement; thoroughly experiences in both
departments ; control of 8 accounts, etc.; left
through estate being sold; excellent references from

late and previous employers .——BAULE, 94, Midmoor
Road, Balham, 8.W.12.

( JO DDENBE HEAD, seeks re-engagement,

life experience in noblemen's and _ gentlemen's
service, parks, etc.; highest qualifications and references.
14 years as Head and Park Superintendent.—H:
SMITH, 12, Park Street, Wallasey, Cheshire.

(3 SNTLEMAN
A

highly recommends his
HEAD

GARDENER: present position near
london 13 years (war service inclusive): two children.
grown up: 27 years’ experience in first-class estab-
lixhments ; age 42: skilful in management and control
of staff.—S. ሠ. G., tox, 00, 5, Tavistock street,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

ARDENER, HEAD
age 30: married when
39, Tavistock Street, Covent

of two, or
suited.—E. H.,
Garden, W.C. 2.

( 44 RDENER, HEAD. The Right Honour-
Table LORD CALTHORPE confidently recommends
H. STOWE, who held above appointment upwards of
13 years. as highly skilled in all branches of gardening,
and of high character; leaving through sale of estate. —
Addres:, Grosvenor Road, Handsworth, Birmingham.

H "2? GARDENER requires
SINGLE-HANDED or otherwise,
private or commercial; life experience,
married, age 40, excellent
Lawn, Coton, Nuneaton,

IR ROBERT KINDERSLEY. Bart., highly
recommends his HEAD GARDENER where several
are kept; life experience in all its branches in good
establishments, including Dropmore Park, Buckingham-
shire: twenty years Head with Col. Hanbury, C.M.G..
Wexham Springs: good references, married, one girl
ten years.—Apply FROST, Plaw Hatch Hall. Gardens,
Sharpthorne, Xu Sussex,

HE Mis MISSES” EGERTON
recommend their HEAD
three or more are kept, leaving through sale of
estate; life experience. in all branches, 148 yearx
Head, R} years present situation: age 413.—CADD, St.
George's Hill House Gardens, Weybridge.

ARDENER, HEAD,

more;
Box 11,

situation,
with cottage:
Inside and Ont,
references.—G, A. M.. Top

very highly
GARDENER where

expert grower fruits,

plants, vegetables, choice shrubs, trees, alpines,
seeks re-engagement; energetic worker and supervisor;
highest references for ous .—HAWKESs, 70. Cromwell
Road. Brentwood, Essex

wast ED. post T GARDENER
where

several kept, life’s experience all
branches, Inside and Out, gained in nobleman’s and
gentlemen's service; early and late forcing, vines.
Peaches, Chrysanths, Carnations, ete.; excellent refer-
ences, age 33, married, no children: 34 years’ present.
Please state wages.—E. J. BRYANT, Corner House,
Purley, near Reading, Berks.

G & A. CLA R K, LTD.,

e Dover, recommend HEAD GARDENER., thor-
oughly competent 11 all departments; disengaged.—
Apply co Mrs. Topley, The Green,

The Nurseries,

P. BOOTON,
Ruddington, N 6118.

AIR JOHN HARRINGTON, K. O.M.G.,
strongly recommends his HEAD GARDEN RR.
estate being sold; thoroughly trdined, capable mana-

ger all branches, married, no family— C. RUS The de
Gardens, near Luton. Hy

(X ARDENE 11, HEAD, or SING : LE-HANDED.

desires post; age 30: married, girl 9: good
references.—B. PARKER, Myrtle Cottage, Codicote,
Welwyn, Herts.

Y ARDENER. HEAD. or SINGLE-HANDED.
thoroughly experienced Inside and Out; excellent
references; age 37: single: four years last place as
Barnacre, Garstang, Lanes.

Head.—LEWIS, The Birks,

Gr ARDENER, HEAD, or SINGLE-HANDED,

requires. situation; splendid references: married
2 suited; cottage required; age 350.—A. W..
17, Cottage Grove, Surbiton, Surrey.

ARDENER, HEAD or SINGLE-HANDED.

experienced Inside and Out, good refs.; married,

no family : cottage required. State wages,—A. SAW KINS,
Chorley Wood House Gardens, Watford,

ፉክክር! ላቨዥ 7. 1925.

መሙ---> ጨ- ሠ ጨጨ. ‹መጨው-- - ==. መጨጨ- ‹= መጨ SEEN መሮም — €——————ÓÁ— €

ARDENER. HEAD, or SINGLIZ-
HANDED: life experience, married. boy 11,
disengaged: state wages, with cottage, country pre-
fe —DRAGE, Clipston, Northants.
ARDENER. HEAD of two, or SINGLE-
HANDED: life experience in good establish-
ments: highly recommended by present head gardener:

age 30, married when suited: Bucks preferred ;
please state wages.. A. S. Box 1H, 5. Tavistock
Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, near

Oxford, requires situation where several are kept:
married, no .familv ; life experience ; highest reter-
ences.—H. W. T. Box 13, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, _W. C.

(በ ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, of four
or more age 30, single; life experience all
branches, capabie and trustworthy, of good character.—
Particulars to W. A., Box 77, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C.2

[ ] EAD WORKING GARDENER, where

about three are kept; all-round experience
Inside and Out: reliable and trustworthy: age 28,
married, no family: highly recommended —A. W. B.,
Box 12, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2

EAD WORKING GARDENER, thoroughly

experienced in up-to-date gardening, all branches ;

reliable references past and present employers: tem-
porariiv employed, interview it necessary.— BOLTON,
Yatrad. Carmarthen Town.
ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, seeks
re-engagement: life experience in all depart-
ments ; marketing of surplus produce and the

management of a good establishment; 7
years Head: age 40, married.—R. W. L, Box 3,
5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, accus-
tomed to requirements of good establishment, age

42, married, no family; 3 years’ excellent reference from
employer. —F. WIC KS, Chearsley, Aylesbury, Bucks.

RS. COLE, Sherfield Hall,

will be

pleased to recommend J. KEITH as HEAD
WORKING GARDENER where two or more are
kept: life experience, excellent references: age 34,
married ; two children.—The Gardens, Sherfield Hall.
Basingstoke.

EAD WORKING GARDENER desires

engagement, thorough knowledge all branches

Indoors and Out. management of stock, and the running

of electric light plant: first-class — testimonials.—A.
WHITING, 34, Bushey Road, Sutton, Surrey.

Y ARDENER.
three or more
branches: age 39;
Box 16,

HEAD WORKING,

are kept: life experience in all
married: excellent references.—P. E.,
5. Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, ጎነ".('. 2

H EAD WORKING GARDENER,

experience in all. branches;

where

30 vears
good references from

previous and recommended from present. situation.—
F. HAINES, East Lodge, Holywell, Swanmore, Hants

GC. HEAD WORKING, thorough

practical man, 30 years’ experience in all
branches, Inside and Out; early and late
Grapes, Peaches, Chrys. Carnations, ete.,
alterations; good manager and
present situation, highest. references; married. —HIGGOT T,
Rockingham Castle Gardens, Market Harborough.

Q ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, seeks re-

engagement, age 45, thorough practical experience,
Carnations, Chrys.. Grapes, Peaches, Tomatos, Roses,
Rock Garden, ete.: highest of references: married; well
up with poultry.—J. E.. Box 19, ጋ Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2

(ZABRDESER HEAD WORKING,

ጃ SINGLE-HANDED, life experience Inside and
Out; good references: married, age 46, family grown
vp; near London preferred.—D. COLWELL, Eversholt,
near Bletchley.

fogcing,
herbaceous,
Organise r: 6} years

or good

ር ARDEN E R. HEAD - WORKING or
Y7 SINGLE-HANDED; all-round experience, includ-
also — electric light: married.—
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,

garden,
Box 9", 5,

ing rock
B. E. W.
w.C. 2

EAD GARDENER, WORKIN

FOREMAN, at once, present place four years,

age 40, married: lifetime experience, excellent

character and refs.—SPARROW, Partingdale Lodge,
Mil Hil, N.W.7.

(4 ARDEN NER, SIN NG LE-H. ANDED, « or other-
wise life experience; Inside and Out: age 26,
married ; highly recommended : 5 years last
state wages. —M ERRITT, The Curage,
Reigate.

G ARDENER, thoroughly experienced in
F all branches. Inside and Out. requires situation,
SINGLE-HANDED or otherwise; single, age 27.—
ARTER. Leslie Court Cottage, Barnwood, Gloucester,

ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED or other-

wise, good refs. and experience, married, two

children, age 34: state wages, with cottage, to W. G.
STEVENS, Leladene Cottages, Dorking, Surrey,

G, or good

place ;
Beechwood,

situation; life experience,
gaged: 6 years last situation:
single. —P. KING, Rose Cottage, Shilton,

ARDENER, © experienced,
HANDED, seeks place,

Inside and Out; disen-
good references; age 38,
Burford, Oxon.

SINGLE.

flowers, fruit under glass,

kitchen T poultry : single : references, — GAR-
DENER, 2, New Street, Three Bridges. Sussex,
ARDEN ER-BEEKEEPER, age 29, mar-

ried, requires situation, cottage preferred: good
all-round experience. Last place, single-handed, 4 acres,
woodland, kitchen garden, fruit, poultry, bees, houses,
lawns, herbaceous, pleasure grounds, hot water system ;
excellent testimonials.—BOU LTER, Wavertree Cottage,
21, Sydenham Hill, London, S.E.

ARDENER seeks situation: good all-
round: married, two children; age 37: cottage ;
good references: five years. last situation.—S. F. A.,
Box 13, ጋ, Tavistock Street. Covent Garden, W.C. 2
VARDENER, age 37,
6 vears at Fulwith Brow.—Apply

W. V.K. H KAYE. Str Stray Hotel. | Harrogate.

ARDENER requires situation as SINGLE-
À HANDED or good SECOND: life experience,

married, excellent,
late employer,

excellent refs., age 32, married.— E. WITTS, Wyddial,
Buntingford, ‘Herts,
" ARDENER, SECOND, or SINGLE-
= HANDED, seeks situation: life experience Inside
and Out: knowledge of Electric light plant, motor
mowers: married: age 21; excellent references.—
THOMPSON, Claremont, Esher, Surrey.
ARDENER, SECOND or SINGLE-

HANDED, life experience, all branches: age
36, single: good referencees.—H.. B. Box. 6, 3,
Tavistock Street. Covent Garden, London, W.C. 2.

MEB; H. LLOYD, The Gardens. Tewin
Water, Welwyn, Herts., confidently recommends
8. WILMOTT as SECOND GARDENER in good
establishment, thorough experience Inside and Ont:
age 27; married when suited. Please state wages.

YNDER GARDENER or SINGLE-
| HANDED, seeks situation; married.’ southern
counties preferred.—A. PITTS, 12, Mount Pleasant,

Oakham, ] Rutland. SOMME

T.-COLONEL , POSTON wishes to highly

4 recommend F. MATTHEWS በ5 UNDER-GA
DENER in large place: thoroughly honest, ateady,
three years’ character: free now.—MATTHEWS, Church
Road, Barnham, near Bognor,

— ———— ——— M — —— —— — — — — —

ME ላ. GIBLETT, Hall Barn Gardens,

Beaconsfield, wishes to recommend L. BRIGHT-
WELL as UNDER GARDENER, Outside or Inside
and Out, 5 years’ experience; age 26, married.—
Apply, h. BRIGH

TWELL, Hall Barn Gardens,
Beaconsfield,

—

Bucks, 0 0 0. .: i i
OREMAN, Inside. age 28, seeks situation,

southern counties, good references, state wages.
r. ላና OODS, 46, Lorrimore Road, Walworth, S.E. 17

OREMAN, GENERAL, or

oughly competent: excellent refs.:
age 30.—Apply T. LEE, 19. Chippenham
Paddington, W.9.

Inside, thor-
disengaged ;
Road,

( Dae Dk FOREMAN or LEADING

HAND. Advertiser keen and reliable worker, seeks
position in good gardens where keenness is shown; 10
years’ experience, single, 24; state wages and parti-
culars, C. J., Box 7, 3. Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,
WC 2 :(

G ENTLEMAN GARDENER wants job;
QM experience all branches, farm, abies small
‘au pair."—H., 324, Trebovir Road, S.W.
SETINUS ER. 21, single, seeks በ8 በ68
Kitchen) Garden or Pleasure Grounds, good

references from Head Gardener; Surrey or Middlesex
preferred. Please state wages, with or without bothy:
disengaged February 28th—JOYNER, Meleombe Horsey,
Dorche hester. PM

Q'ITUATION required as KITCHEN 13A R-
ኢ DENER and Hardy Fruit, 6) years present
situation as above, g previous experience, ver
recommended: age 24, married when sulted. —
MORRIS, Oakley Park Gardens, Bromfield, Lodo.
Shropshire.

ARDENE R ‘Seale situation in Kitehen
Garden and Pleasure Grounds, single, age 27, good
references.—Apply H. THAYRE, The Gardens, Langley-

bury, Kings Langley, | Herts.

ME; CLARKE, Barrow Court Gardens,
Flax Bourton, near Bristol, confidently recom-

mends €. RICHARDS. age 24. 10 wears! experience,

to take lead Inside; 2 years here; previously North

Mymms Park and Inwood, Templecombe.

IRST JOURNEYMAN, Inside or

Inside

and Qut: single, age 28; good refs. State
wages. — R. MASKREY, Carsington, — Wirksworth,

Derbyshire,

f Y] , Y Y ( E

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. xiii.
Youn MAN seeks situation as SINGLE- IRST JOURNEYMAN, age 23, seeks
HANDED GARDENER, or would take situation, Inside under Foreman, good experience
lead in Kitehen Garden. or Kitehen Garden and in fruit and plant houses; excellent references. Please
Pleasure Grounds: 98 yearn experience, age 2A, state wages, with bothy. bome counties preferred.—
well recommended, Please state wages.—H. DANCE, R. DIXON, Croft House Gardens, Pangbourne,

The Bothy, Caen Wood Tower. Highgate, እ..0. Berks.

Y ARDENER, SINGLE - HANDED, seoeks R. H. WENMAN, Hickleton Gardens,

Doncaster, confidently recommends K. CHURCH
as FIRST JOURNEYMAN, Inside, in good estab-
lishment: age 23; 2 years here ; South preferred; wages,
with bothy, ete. Apply K. CHURCH.

M" FULFORD, Burlcy Gardens, Oakham,
Rutland,

wishes to ከ] ghly recommend W.
LONG as FIRST JOU RNEYMAN, age 25, 8 years’
experience; Eastern counties preferred ;

OURNEYMAN seeks situation in Kitchen

garden under Foreman; good reference: age 22:
able to take duty; bothy preferred.—A. LEE, The
Gardens, St. Clere, , Kemsing, Sevenoaks, Kent.

— —— —Ó—M — — — 9

R. W. BENTLEY Swaken to recommend
W. JENKINS, as JOURNEYMAN, Inside and

Out, age 19; 34 years here Kent preferred.—The
Gardens, Port Regis, _Broadst airs.
OURNEYMAN, 21. 7 years’ experience:

° Inside and Out, references, desires change, preferably

Inside; free Feb, 23th: distance ክበ object. ሙኻና. HALL,

Southend, He nles y-on- Thames, =) l l
OURNEYMAN, በብበሮ፡ : E. W. Fuller,

e Lavington Park Gardens, Petworth, confidently

recommends 5. LONG,
Qut, strong and willing :

OURNEYMAN requires
e or Inside and Out: 6
21. State wages, with bothy.—L. HATT, Padworth
Common, near Reading, Berks.

H THROWER, Horwood House Gardens,
e Winslow, Bucks, wishes to recommend JOURNEY-
MAN, SECOND, Inside, age 22; bothy; good refer-
ences.—Apply as above,

OUNG MAN, 21], wants

IMPROVER in good garden, excellent seven
years’ character present situation, and only leaving
to gain more experience. — F. JEFFS, Hardwicke,
Aylesbury, Bucks.

OUNG MAN, ‘aj
IMPROVER in

aged 18, 3 years here Inside and
bothy preferred,

pcr ክልበ
years’ experience; age

situation as

aged 19, seeks situation as
good Pleasure Gardens, bothy
referred, 2 years present place; well recommended
y Head Gardener,— Please apply, D. PARKER,
Kingston Gardens, Stinsford, Dorchester, Dorset. l

\ A ፖ ANTED, constant employment as

GARDEN LABOURER, rough digging, etc., any
pan country. — LEA DB STTER, cio Doctor Datta,
reswylfa House, Tylorstown, Glamorganshire.

Poe PAINTER, Glazier, ete., some
carpentry, real handyman; married, two boys,
good refs, South preferred. —K NIGHT, — Baldersby,

Ripon.
OWMAN seeks

of six or cight cows, pigs,
gentleman's private place; g butter-maker; life
experience. first-class references: single, age 34,—Please
state wages, with bothy.—W. H., Box 17, 5, Tavistock
Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

situation to take charge

and poultry, etc.,

TRADE.
YURSERYMAN and Florist is

responsible post, thorough knowledge of aH
branches, Inside and Out, wholesale and retail; expert
propagator, grower, and salesman, used to the control
of a large staff, and trade correspondence, exhibiting and
advisory work, ete.: highest refs.: married.—Address
FLORIST, Box 18, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,
W.C.2.

AU E IM possessing sound knowledge

of the bulb business, with many years' practical
all branches,

open to

experience in wants post where energy

and ability would be appreciated ; methodical, good
organiser, correspondent, and book-keeper.—BULDS,
Box 8, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

SNTUAT ION wanted, WORKING FOREMAN

or CHARGE HAND in small nursery; 20 years’
practical experience, herbaceous, Chrys., etc.; age
34, married: house or rooms, Midlands or North
preferred.—C. R., Box 5, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C.2.

AHORTLY disengaged; experienced Tomatoes,
Roses, bulbs, Chrysanthemums, bedding stuff:
married.—J. C., Box 4, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C.2. |
O NURSERYMEN. — FERN GROWER
and RAISER: Tomatoes, Cucumbers, Chrysanthe-
mums, Bedding Plants, Cut Flowers, Bulb Forcing;
single; age 45; 30 years’ experience.—G, WATSON, 118,

Church Road, | Burgess Hill, | Sussex, ሽ
38, not

AN, uiid.
in nursery ; life gardener
H., 3, Hillside Road, stamford Hill,

of work, wants job
life abstainer; refs.—
N. 19,

ey a

*

NS Sy d Be Do Ve THE. GARDENHRS. ፤ CUBONICLE. COSA. cou o Remain CT Ries:

AND. "HEATING. aint TO
HIS” MAJESTY: THE KING.

ALSO ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS AND. IRONFOUNDERS

E 1. 'OTHOUSES: — are at — carrying out many ‘eoportant

ae Rottonse Contracts i in seasoned: Teakwood; our stock of Teak-.
ue » ood 4 is quite up to pre- War test. and prices. ‘are very moderate, |
0፳፤ stock of selected. seasoned Redwood is the best in the nountry. Pat.
. fot the heat 01888 of Hothonaes. e Tesopitaend Teal lw
of e ‘country to. take "jet ionlara. and |

ከህ. will be gent, to Ay peri
prepare estimates. . Please send us your enquiries. -

LONDON-8, ክበር Road, NW. NAE GLASGOW-—121, Stc Vincent ae:

_ EDINBURGH ‘(Registered Office and Works) —Balcarres Street.
"Telegrams: “GLASSHOUSE, ከንያ, LONDON,” «d “HOTHOUSE, EDINBURGH” |

M SSSENGER X UO. LTD., Lou 3 HBOROUGH,
]p ee , Horticultural Builders 381. Heating. Engineers. — :
“LONDON OFFICE: 422, VICTORIA. STREET, WESTMINSTER, ኋ. W. 3:

Experience - extending cover more than ' :
-Half a Century enables us to- include - “QUORN SECTIONAL BOILER:
all that 48 ከ551 in the. design ang Equipe 3. 15. ‘economical in first cost, in. fixing, aud

ment of Glasshouses; |] in fuel consumption..

Estimates. free. Téter eine br " ሥሠ | Hot Water Pipes, Valves, «oif ‘all Heating 3 Acces:

~} . 807168 direct from our own Foundry. .
in any part of the country. - 1. Contracts” undertaken. for. ር ረ besballetinna.

oe Heating. Ranges. ‘of Glasshouses. ae

Phone : HOP 482. (three 3 ከ:

75 — [Wires -Kianell-Heroh | London.

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| 4NOORPORATaE 1980 —

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THE

GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE.

FEBRUARY l4, 1920.

SALES BY AUCTION.

Wednesday Next, February 18th,
IMPORTANT TRADE SALE OF
Spring and Autumn-flowering .Bulbs,

Including Cases of

LATE - FLOWERING

in variety, SPIRAEAS,
DELPHINIUMS, PAEONIES,

GLADIOLUS,
DOUBLE

and

EARLY

and

“SINGLE
BEGONIAS, GLOXINIAS, HARDY JAPANESE LILIES

LILY - OF - THE- VALLEY,

ANEMONES, ete.,

Roses, Herbaceous Plants, and Fruit Trees, etc.,

A quantity of
Consignments

of

MUSHROOM SPAWN,

BAY TREES, PALMS, AZALEAS, ASPIDISTRAS,
RHODODENDRONS, BOX TREES, etc., from
l the Continent.
ESSRS. PROTHEROE & MORRIS

^ will sell the above at their SALE ROOMS,

67 & 08, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.C. 2.
Catalogues post free on application.

OTTERSHAW NURSERIES, Nr. CHERTSEY.

Annual Spring Sale of Well-grown NURSERY STOCK
consisting of

Ornamental Shrubs, Roses,
Flowerering Shrubs,

FRUIT TREES AND BUSHES in variety,
and other Stock.

M SSRS, PROTHEROE & MORRIS

will sell the

FLETCHER’S NURSERY, OTTERSHAW,

above at

Rhododendrons, and other
Climbing Planta,

On Tuesday & Wednesday, February 24th & 25th,
at 12 o'clock each day.

On View. Catalogues of
67 & 08, CHEAPSIDE,

the

Auctioneers,
LONDON, ('. 2.

N.B.—Seven plots of Freehold Land tronting Slade

2
—:

Road will be offered on February 2th at
o'clock.
BECKINGTON, SOMERSET.
Clearance Sale of the whole of the
NURSERY STOCK comprising

TRAINED AND BUSH APPLES,
Privet, Box, Laurels,

Flowering Shrubs in variety,

Yews, Climbing and Dwarf Roses, Currants, and
Gooseberries,
7,000 SCOTCH FIR, 14 to 3 feet,
Trees for Poles and Stakes, also a FORD VAN,

PLOUGH, Tools,

and Sundries.

N ESSRS. PROTHEROE & MORRIS

are instructed by Messrs. Bourne & Son

(who have disposed of their
above at

Lease)

to

sell

the

THE ROYAL NURSERIES, BECKINGTON,
On Thursday, February 26th, at 11.30 o'clock.

On View.

Auctioneers,

67 & 08, CHEAPSIDE,

LONDON,

E.C.2.

Catalogues on the premises and of the

BUSINESSES FOR SALE.

pL — High Clas

fitted, Dwelling house attached.

Garage and Stores. Valuable
unexpired. Turnover about £4000.
£600 yearly.

&c., £1800. Stock, &c. at
AUBREY

s old - established

Business in prominent main road position of resi-
dential! London Suburb, bold corner Shop handsomely
Palm and Plant House,

lease

having

36 years
Net profits £500 to
Price for Lease, Goodwill, Fixtures, Fittings.
value about £200.—Apply
& CO., 96, Newgate Street, London, E.C.1.

SMALL NURSERY, Florists, Fruit and Seed

Kk 7 Business,
House in main street.
Frames, &c.;
Lease. Price only £210.—Apply.
above,

Oxfordshire. — Large 3hop

also additional! acre near by.

AUBREY

and

Roomy
1 acre Garden with Glasshouse,

Low rent on

& CO..

as

^LOR!IST NURSERY for Sale (privately).
i situated in a busy residential London suburb,
unique position, well-equipped, price £2,500, all com-
plete, easily managed, ready cash trade, sultable for
lady or gentleman interested in the growing of flowers,
ete.—Write (5. L. Box 23, 5. Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

፡:.: ብ. BUSINESS showing £1000 55.

nett. return per week for couple. Price to include
24 years lease, stock, goodwill, and fixtures, 51,290; no
agents to reply.—H. L.. Box 20, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C.2,

BUSINESSES WANTED.

WE require Small Nurseries, Market Gar-

dens, Florists’ and Seed Businesses for waiting
applicants.—Send particulars to AUBREY & CO. 96,
Newgate Street, London, E.C. 1.

— — —

|

PROPERTY FOR SALE.

Fae SALE.—Very convenient
House and 6,000 yards of land. stocked
100,000 flowering roots and bulbs, 1.000 fruit trees ; almost
new house, near Leicester. Good roads; town water.—
Apply €. VICKERS, Florist, Morley Arcade, Leicester.
£2,600.

BUSINESS CARD.
AMES BACKHOUSE, F.LS., F.R.HS.,

for many years Chairman of the late firm of James
Backhouse and Son, Limited, having retired from York,
offers his services as GARDEN CONSULTANT; 30 years’
experience, specially in connection with Alpine and
Herbaceous Plants; advice given for Ruck Garden
construction and planting, also for rmanent flower
borders, boundary plantations, etc.—Address for terms to
Caer Fegla, Arthog, North Wales.

ሓጣ

PARTNERSHIPS, FINANCIAL,
&c.

ARTNER required, up to £200 Capital
for Garden Tools and Sundries business (Central
London); mail order; share profits; excellent prospects;
grand chance for either gentleman or lady. Heferences
exchanged.—Apply at once, X.Y.Z., Box 30, 5, Tavistock
Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

PLANTS, &c., FOR SALE.

Small Classified. Advertisements. Twenty words
(or three lines including headline) 48., and 1 8.
for every succeeding eight words (or line or part

of a line). Fee for having replies addressed to
this office, 18. Displayed advertisements, 63 8,

per inch, or 108. facing editorial mater.

ARDY SHRUBS. — Broom, common
yellow, 2 to 51 ft., 2/6 doz., 14.- 100, 2 to 2] ft.
very bushy, 4/- doz.; Broom, common and Andrean,
mixed, 1 to 1j ft., 2/- doz., 10/- 100, 1j to 2 ft.. 2,6 doz..
15/- 100; Broom, white Portugal, 1 to 14 ft., 2;- doz., 10.-
100, 14 to 2 ft., 2,6 doz., 12/- 100; Dipplopappus chryso-
phyllus, 9 to 12 in., 2/- doz., 12,- 100, 1 to 1j ft., 26 doz.
15; 100; Lavender Cotton, extra bushy and trans.. 3,-
doz., 20/- 100: Privet ovalifolium, 1j to 2 ft., 14/- 100,
2 to 2j ft., 16- 100; Spiraea Menziesii triumphans, 2 to
3 ft., 3/- doz., 16,» 100, 3 to 4 ft., 4- doz., 20,- 100, 4 to
9 ft., 5/- doz., 25/- 100, 5 to 6 ft., 6/- doz.; Veronicas (all
very bushy) Buxifolia, 6 to 9 in. 2;6 doz., 15/- 100,
Veronica traversli, 9 to 12 ins, 2.0 doz., 13/- 100, 12 to
15 ins., 4/- doz., 20/- 100; Veronica carnosula glauca, 9 to
12 ins., 2.6 doz., 14/- 100; Ericas (Hardy Heaths), strong
and well-rooted plants: Ciliaris, 5/- doz., Mediterranea
hybrida (Darleyensis), 5.- doz., 32 - 100, Vagans, 4 - doz..
28.- 100, Vagans alba, 4;- doz.. 25;- 100, Vagans rubra, 4'-
doz., 32- 100; Vulgaris alba Hammondii, flne white, 4 -
doz., 25 100, Serleii, late white, 5/- doz., 35,- 100
Vulgaris aurea, golden foliage, 5;- doz.; 100 hardy Heaths
in 10 named varieties, my selection, 28 - 100; 100 Hardy
Heaths in 15 varieties, my selection, 35 - 100. The above
have all been recently transplanted. The following are
in strong seedlings: Broom, common yellow, 2 years, 1 9
100, 12'- 1,000, 50,- 5,000: Broom, common yellow and
Andreana, mixed, 2 wears 2- 100, 15- 1,000; Broom,
white Portugal, 2 years, 2;- 100, 15/- 1,000, all packing
and carriage extra. Catalogue of other shrubs, herbaceous
and alpine plants on application.-SAMUEL SMITH,
Slaghills Nursery, Tansley. near Matlock, Derbyshire.

SHOW AND REGAL PELARGONIUMS.

ኦኔ The most brilliant and gorgeous colours. Buy now
for a lovely display in the early summer. Strong planta
from 3-inch pots in 12 separate named varieties, 9.-.
Newer and more scarce varieties, 12-, 15-, and 17.6 per
dozen (all our own selection), sent free by parcela post
for cash or in leatherboard pots by passenger train, 2 6
per dozen extra.

Dahlias, pot roots, Cactus, Decorative, Pompons,
and Collarette, all at 6/- per dozen, all separate named
varieties (our own selection). Will make fine early
plants grown on under glass.

Plumbago capensis, favourite greenhouse climber.
lovely blue shade, 1,/-. Plumbago capensis alba, 1 -.
Sent free per Parcels Post when 5.- and upwards in
value for cash with order Miri. plants in pota).
Catalogue free, orders under 5/- 6d. extra for box and

stage.—J. W. COLE & SON, Westwood Nurseries.
eterborough.

ERNS! CALADIUMS !'—Begonias, Palms.

Crotons, Dracaenas, Gloxinias, Hydrangeas.
Geraniums, Ericas, Lilies, Ferns and How to Grow
Them, by J. E. SMITH, 3:6 post free.—SMITH,
London Fern Nurseries, London, 8.W.9.

1 0 0,0 0 ( 30- 100, variety; wanted 1,000

targe A’spidistras for dividing. Catalogues free. —
SMITH,

ernery, London, S.W. 9.
IMALAYAN. Chinese and other Rhodo-
dendrons on their own roots. Shrubs, Alpines.
and border plants, Aquatics, Lilies, etc. Write for
Lists. —G. REUTHE, Keston, Kent.

LARGE GARDEN FERNS.

ft..

18/- doz.: Ceanothus G. de V. and M. Simon, 4-

doz.; Japanese Maples in variety, 42,- doz. — WM.
BIGNELL & SON, Highgate, N.6.

I PRUNUS PISSARDII, 3 to 4

NGLISH YEWS, 1} ft. to 5 ft.; good
4 stocks.—WM. BIGNELL & SON, Highgate, N. 6.

15 ል LILY ; monster Bulbs, per
doz. 10/6; first size, 8/-; second size, 5/-;
third size, 2/6, post free. so far as unsold.—WM.
POWER & . Waterford, Nurserymen and Seed

Merchante.
] () GLADIOLI for 88. 9d., post paid.
The most dazzlingly brilliant flowers on earth,
with spikes of blooms 18 ins. long; 12 each of 9 kinds
(108 bulbs), all separately packed and named, for 88. 9d.,
post paid; half lot, 4s. , post paid (cultural in-
structions and beautifully illustrated Flower and Vege-
table Catalogues included).—R. KAY & CO., Goodmayes
Road, Goodmayes, Essex.

EGONIAS AND GLOXINIAS. — Kay's
prize strain with blooms often measuring 8 ins.
across; a collection of 12 Single and 12 Double Begonias,
also 6 Gloxinias—all separately packed and named, with
cultural instructions and illustrated catalogues, for 6s. Sd.,
t paid; half lot, 3s. 6d., post paid.—R. KAY & CO
dmayes Road, Good mayes, Essex.

.

"'O FLORISTS.—Cut Asparagus Nanus,
medium size fronds, 1/6 per bunch; large sprays,

2/6 per doz.; long trails, 5/- per dozen. Asparagus
Sprenger! 2/6 per bunch, c.w.o., carr. and pecking
free on orders 10/- and over.—H. S. HOLM STED,
Bretby Nurseries, Burton-on-Trent.

OTATOES, Scotch Seed Excels.—Price list
from KERR & CO, Seedsmen, Glasgow.

I HUBARB Roots, Champagne, earliest and
best-coloured var., strong planting crowns. 3/- doz.,

2 doz. 5/-, 15/- 100, carr. paid; ው.”

GOODWIN, Grower, Ponders End, Middlesex.

YHRYSANTHEMUM Cuttings, all the best

and latest varieties at reasonable prices, cool
grown clean stufl. Write for list post free, state
paper.—WORTHING NURSERY CO, Gannon Road,

Worthing.

A FEW boxes of seedling Chinese Rhodo.
4- dendrons at 1/- per plant, list on application.—
E. J. P. MAGOR, Lamellen, St. Tudy, Cornwall.

ILIUM AURATUM, Speciosum Rubrum,
4 Melpomene, Roseum and Album, — Henryi.
Fortunei Giganteum, Longiflorum Giganteum, etc. :

enormous stock; all 8/-, 12/-, and 16;- doz., or 60;-, 80 -.
and 120- 100.—MORLE & CO., 150-156, Finchley
Road, N.W. 3.

4A LADIOLUS in 35 best sorts: all large first
size bulbs: 10 in 10 sorts, 14-; 200, 25 -.-
All lists free MORLE «& CO., as above.

EGONIAS.—Our celebrated large-flowering

Gold Medal strain; second to none, extra
fine bulbs in six separate colours; singles, 16,-;
doubles, 90'- 100.—MORLE & CO. as above,

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4

Fespruary 14. 1925.

THE

Gardeners’ Chronicle

No. 1990—SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 14, 1925.

CONTENTS.

Alpine garden— ! Obituary—
Sempervivum glau- | Ramsbottom, J. K. 120
cum ... zm .. 111 , Onions Cranston’s Ex- '
Bees and Apple fertilisa- | celsior and Ailsa Craig 116
tion a4 * .. 116 | Orchid notes and ulcan-
Books, notices of— ings—
Colour Planning of the | Cypripedium Ethel
Garden .. M3 | M. du Boulas ... 110

Brierley, Dr. W. B. ... 1ህ4
Bulb garden—

New hybrid Orchids 110
Stauropsis gigantea — 110

Colchicum speciosum Potato breeding ... 114
album 2d ... 108 Parks and gardens,

Dahlias, the Heller prize public ... x .. 100
for ቁ * .. 10) Rhododendrons, on the
Florists’ flowers— | occurrence of the

Cutting back per- silver-leaf fungus in 112
petual - flowering . | Royal Horticultural
, Varnations .. — ..107 ^ Soeioty's - Annual

Fruit garden, the Report ” 102
market ... m ador ee s a

“ Gardeners’ Chronicle ” Societies—
seventy-five years ago 105 | Saa Chrysanthe- T
)

Geranium grandiflorum 116
Glasnevin, notes from 111

Royal Horticultural 117
Trees and shrubs—

Government Botanic | Coronilla glauca — ... 110
Gardens . 109 Cytisus nigricans ... 110
5 E Daphne Mezereum ... 110

Hardy fruit garden
Apple Mabbott'3 Pear-
main , - "
The flavour of Pears
during the past
season Pe .. 113

Jdeal home exhibition 104

; The Wilberforee Oak 110
115 Tucker Mr. S. W.
l presentation to ... 103
Vegetable garden—
Exhibition vegetables 116
Week's work, the ... 100

Indoor plants— | Welsh garden, notes
The Tuberose ... 105 | froma ... se ... 111
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Apple Mabbott’s Pearmain ... ms des 25 ... 115
Brierley, Dr. W. B., portrait of .. — sete ... 104
Carnation plant as ርህ! back in April a — ... 109
Carnations Edward Allwood, 108; Jazz ... s ... 107
Cypripediums and Calanthes at Glasnevin ine: ... 105
Erica stricta at Glasnevin — ... Yr — MA sx 111
Heracleum villosum ... as ae a re ... 113

AVERAGE MEAN
deduced from observations. during the
years at Greenwich, 39°6.

TEMPERATURE for the ensuing week
last fifty

ACTUAL TEMPERATURE—

The Gardeners’ Chronicle Office, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, London, Wednesday, February !!,

10a.m.: Bar. 295, temp. 50°. Weather, Dull.
THe Aeport of the Council
The Royal and the Wisley Report for
Horticultural 1924, though brief, contains
Society’s many items of interest. Al-
Annua! though not included therein
Report. the announcement of the

official nomination of Messrs.
T. Hay and G. W. Leak to seats on the
Council, will be received with pleasure bv
friends of the Roval Horticultural Society and
of these distinguished horticulturists. — Both
of the nominees may be relied upon to do
valuable work for the Society and for. horti-
culture in general. The list of nominations
of vice-presidents contains also names which
are honoured by all horticulturists and we
congratulate the Council on conferring this

honour on the Hon. Vicary Gibbs,
who has, by his example, done so much
to promete the cultivation of trees and

shrubs. With so many distinguished women
horticulturists we would suggest that the
time has come when a similar honour might
be conferred on one or more of their. repre-
sentatives. One name of those nominated
as vice-presidents- -that of Lord Grenfell will
evoke memories of a fine soldier and a great
gentleman who all his life put country before

THE GARDENERS’

self and whose recent death is a heavy loss
not only to the Society but to the country at
large. As is but natural the Report lays
stress on the progress which is being made
toward the planning of the new Hall ; as the
Council rightly observes the need for
increased show accommodation 15 certainly
great, and all will hope that it may before
long be met. The extension of the Chelsea
Show to five days is, we think, a somewhat
hazardous experiment, but nevertheless one
which is worth trying, though what ex-
hibitors of rare and delicate Orchids will sav
to the project perhaps is better imagined than
printed. .X spell of hot weather at the. time
of the show -and such a contingency must
be contemplated would, we fear, prove a
severe trial to not a few of the exhibits.
Among those who have received awards at
the hands of the Society we note with special
pleasure the name of Monsieur Correvon -a
good friend of this country and an enthu-
slastice connoisseur of alpine flowers and
Professor Sargent, who by his great and
devoted work has made the Arnold Arboretum
famous among the gardens of the world.
The Wisley Report. gives the many activities
for which the garden staff is responsible.
Perhaps the most interesting item is that
relating to the fruit-testings station at which
there are already three hundred and thirty-
two varieties of Apples, one hundred and
forty-three of Pears, one hundred and twenty-
two Plums and Damsons, and representative
varieties of other. fruits. The station is
bound to grow in interest year by vear, and
when varieties. tested there have been dis-
tributed to the sub-stations to be established
by the Ministry of Agriculture, fruit. growers
will have a wonderful opportunity for studying
the suitability of varieties to different types
of soil and climate. There was in progress at
the time of the issue of the last. Aeport— and
possibly before —an enquiry into the best. uses
to which the scientific resources of Wisley
might be put. Mr. Cuthbertson stated at
the Annual Meeting the decision of the
Council in this. respect, and that it was
intended to have a head of the laboratory,

but that the R.H.S. will be a little less
ambitious in its scientific aims than. the
1914 programme. Yet Wisley is unique

in the opportunity which it offers for the
study of those long distance problems
which vex the minds of scientific. horticul-
turists. The problems are many. Their
solution would redound to the credit of the
Society and would advance not only the
science but also the practice of horticulture.
Why tarry the wheels of their chariots 2
Lastly, we observe once again a reference for
the need for a hostel for students. Until the
hostel is furnished, Wisley can never come
into its own as a great teaching centre.
Building is costly it is true, but the resources
of the Society are great, and to no better
purpose might these resources be put than
in providing. living accommodation. for
students.

London Daffodil Show.—The schedule of the
Royal Horticultural Society's Daffodil Show
to be held at Vincent Square, Westminster,
on April 15 and 16, has been published,
and may be obtained on application to the
Secretary of the Royal Horticultural Society.
Seventy-three classes are provided, and we
are pleased to notice that provision is made
for the display of bowls and baskets of
Daffodils to show the decorative character
of these flowers. The market section
remains and should prove of considerable

interest to those who have. to pack and
e

CHRONICLE.

103

dispatch flowers over long distances. There
is also a novice class for the encouragement
of those raisers of Daffodils who have not
hitherto won a prize at Westminster.

Telegraph’? Gardens Competition.—
The Daily Telegraph is again offering prizes
for the best gardens situated in the London
postal district. There are four classes; in
two classes a first prize of £100, a second
of £40, a third of £15 and a fourth of £10
are offered, while in the other two classes,
the first prize in each case is £25, second
prize,, £10 and the third prize, £5, with an
additional fourth prize in the class for
gardens of houses of rateable value not
exeeeding £35 per annum and of a size limited
to four hundred square yards. Full par.
ticulars of the competition may be had from
the Gardening Editor, Daily Telegraph, Flect
Street, London, E.C.4.

Heller Prize for Dahlias in America.— Dahlia
growers throughout the United States are
taking a keen interest in the Heller prize
for Dahlias which is to be competed for
during this year. A bequest of $5,000 was
left to the University of California by Mr.
Samucl W. Heller in memory of his father,
and each year the interest from this sum
is to be awarded to œa different Dahlia
grower. In 1925 the award is to be made
to a Dahlia of “pre-eminent” merit shown
at the exhibition of the Dahlia Society of
California.

Presentation to Mr.
interesting presentation
Mr. S. W. Tucker. gardener to the Earl
of Radnor at Longford Castle. This took
the form of an Aladdin Lamp subscribed to
by every member of the garden and estate
staffs, and the occasion was Mr.» Tucker's
recent marriage. The presentation ceremony
was a very pleasant one and both Mr. and
Mrs. Tucker were surprised and highly gratified
by the good wishes expressed and ከሃ the
handsome present which accompanied them

S. W. Tucker.—An

has been made to

Royal Horticultural Society of Aberdeen.—
The Aberdeen Town Council has granted the
request of this Society for the exclusive
use, for three days, August 13, 14. and 15,
of some fifteen acres of Hazelhead, the
most recently acquired city estate, for the
purpose of holding the annual flower show.
This area is only about one-sixtieth part of
the estate, but, nevertheless, there has been
a little sore feeling engendered over the
transaction, the contention being that it is
unfair to hand over the exclusive use of
the most beautiful part of the policies of
this fine city space during one of the most
popular months of the year. Be that as it

may, the city fathers decided by twenty
votes to fourteen to grant the society s
request.

New President of the Royal Scottish Arbori-

cultural Society.—Great satisfaction is being
expressed in northern forestry circles. and
especially among the members of — the

Aberdeen, Banff, and Kincardineshire’s branch,
of which he is & member and has been
chairman for a number of years, over the
appointment of Sir John R. Gladstone, Bt.,
of Fasque and Balfour, Kincardineshire, as
supreme head of the Royal Scottish Arbori-

cultural Society. It is a well-deserved
honour and a fitting reward for the long
and splendid service and cncouragement

Sir John has given to the cause of forestry
in Scotland. As the owner of large and

important woodlands (a most necessary
qualification for such a post), the new
president has taken a very keen interest,

both scientifically and practically, in forestry

matters. In returning thanks to his pro-
poser, and retiring president, the Earl of
Moray, also a member of the northern
branch, and who has done yeoman service

for the society, Sir John said that if they
expected eloquent speeches from him they

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THE ORCHID HOUSES.

By J. COLLIER, Gardener to SIR JEREMIAH COLMAN, Bart.,
Gatton Park, Reigate.

Management of the Houses.—The worst of
the dull period of winter is passing and
the amount of sunshine will be appreciably

increasing daily, with a consequent rise
in the temperature of the houses during
the middle of the day. These con.
ditions will greatly benefit the occupants
of . the various divisions and gradually
encourage their activity in the develop-
ment of flowers and new growth. The
plants. however, should not be undulv
excited into growth by an increase of

artificial heat and excessive
thing in this direction should be done
gradually,. or the results will be far from
satisfactory. During periods of clear, bright
weather, especially after frosty nights, it is
advisable to distribute a more liberal supply
of water on the stages, floors, and paths 10
counteract the dryness caused by firc.heat
in maintaining the requisite temperature.
Discretion is necessary with
ventilation of the houses; guard
draughts, for bright sunshine is
accompanied by cold winds.

Re-potting.—The potting of Orchids should
generally commence about this period,
although in large, miscellaneous collections
there is always some work to be done. On
the way in which this operation is performed
will depend, in a great measure, the future
health of the plant. The best time to
re-pot is when new growths and roots are
developing, the latter from the bases of the
last” made pseudo.bulbs. The provision for
drainage should be such that the material
or compost will remain sweet and porous,
and, therefore, not liable to become water-
logged and sour. Jn potting the plants.
work the materials carefully between the
roots, making sure that these are not
cramped together in one place, but distri-
buted regularly about the receptacle. The
plants should be fixed in the pots where
necessary by securing them to neat. sticks,
or, in the case of pots or baskets with
handles by tying them to the wire
suspenders. The length of time that the
compost of a newly-potted plant will last
in a sweet. healthy condition depends greatly
on the method of watering adopted, together
with perfect drainage and the quality of
the compost used. Care must be taken
not to saturate the new soil immediately after
re-potting. Frequent gentle sprayings with
clear water over the surface until the plant
becomes re-established will usually suffice to
prevent shrivelling of the peudo-bulbs and loss
of foliage.

moisture; every-

against
often

THE FLOWER GARDEN.

By W. AUTON, Gardener to VISCOUNT ELVEDEN,
Pyrford Court, Woking, Surrey.

Border Carnations. — Where circumstances
compel growers to winter their border Carna-
tions in frames the plants should be examined
on frequent occasions, and be kept free from
any decaying foliage. An abundance of fresh
air should be admitted to the frames on all
favourable occasions, and water should be piven
the plants sparingly. If slugs are troublesome
thia pest may be checked by dusting the
surface of the soil in. the pots with soot.
Plants which were planted 111 beds or borders

in the autumn should be examined, and if
they have become loosened the soil should
be pressed firmly around them and the

surface prieked over to promote nération of

the ground.

THE GARDENERS

regard (0.

Box Edgings.—Livo edgings may be more
or less objectionable on account of their
harbouring vermin, but dwarf Box may be
kept within such small limits that it affords
little shelter to anything harmful to vegeta-
tion. The present is a good time to undertake
the re-laying of any portions of the Box
edging which have become too large or have
made unsatisfactory growth. If sickly growth
has been caused by poorness or sourness of the
ground the old soil should be rernoved and good
loam substituted before replanting. Break the
old plants into small portions with roots
attached and plant the portions at a uniform
height of two or three inches above the
ground level. Make them thoroughly firm on
tilling in the soil and trim the plant neatly
on completing the work.

Root Cuttings.—Propagation by means of
root-cuttings is an excellent method of
increasing many good border plants. Although
for some of these it is preferable to do
this work iu the autumn, where it is wished
to increase the stock of particular varieties,
"001 - euttings. may be inserted. so late as
early February with successful results.
Anchusa, Boccoma, Crambe. Dictamnus,
Oriental Poppy. Sea Lavender, Monkshood,
Phlox and Paeony are all easily propa-
gated by this method. The roots should be
eut into pieces. two or three inches. long.
inserted firmly in pots of light soil and
placed in a frame until growth has
developed. In light. saudy soils these cut-
sings may be inserted in nursery rows out-
of-doors and for the maintenanee of young
stocks of plants the method is much to be
recommended.

FRUITS UNDER GLASS.
By F. STREETER, Gardener to MAJOR ALRERT PAM,
Wormley Bury, Broxbourne, Herts.

Cherries.— Ihe first batch of pot Cherries

should now be brought into a cool house
ready for starting into growth. Examine
the drainage and make sure no worms ure

Lightly prick over the surface soil,
the pots on bricks on a gravel floor,

present.
atand

fumigate the house, and keep the temper.
ature as low as possible, but excluding
frost. Cherries are very impatient of fire-

heat and resent hard forcing. The following
are the best varieties :—Early Rivers, Guigne
d'Annonay, earliest; May Duke, Bigarreau
de Schreken, Napoleon Bigarreau, white,
Governor Wood, and Frogmore.

Peaches and Nectarines.— Bring
fruit-house another batch of Peaches and
Nectarines to succeed the earliest trees.
The trees m the early house will now need

into the

daily attention in disbudding ; remove the
badlv-placed shoots first, leaving the basal
shoot for future bearing and the leading
shoot for extension: also, if more space is

to be covered, retain the best-placed shoot near
the centre of each shoot, bearing in mind
that these shoots will be the fruiting ones
for next season. Where the fruits have set
very thickly the first thinning should take
place, removing all badly-placed fruits and
leaving only one at each station, eventually
allowing one fruit to each square foot of the
tree. Keep a very sharp watch. for aphis,
which would cause the young leaves to curl:
slightly fumigating the house is the best
remedy, making sure that the foliage is dry

andl the temperature somewhat low. The
right temperature should be 2507, with a rise
of 10 during the day. Spray the trees at
7.30 8.1. and again at 2 pan. during fine
weather, also damp the floors several times
during the day. Examine. the borders for
water, thoroughly soaking them with tepid

water when necessary, and carefully prevent-

ing cold. draughts when ventilating the
house.

Melons. ‘The voung plants. will now re-
quire to be transferred. to 5inch or 6-inch

pots. using a warm compost of sandy loam

CHRONICLE.

FEBRUARY 14. 1925.

with the addition of a little finely crushed

mortar rubble and a dash of soot. Stake
each plant, securing it with a loose tie. and

grow the seedling near the roof-glass in a
temperature of 70^ at night. No air should
be admitted however bright the sun. On
very cold nights, place mats over the out-
side of the house for protection. This will
obviato the use of much fire heat. The

hot-beds should be made ready for the final
planting. as young Melons root very quickly.
Make the fermenting materials as firm as
possible.

PLANTS UNDER GLASS.
By F. J. CLARK, Gardener to Lt.-Col. 818 GEonGE
HOLFORD, Westonbirt, Tetbury, Gloucestershire.

Greenhouse Climbers.— Al! necessary pruning
of these should be completed this month,
and those plants which are being grown in
permanent beds should be given a top-
dressing of peaty soil. The beautiful Bougain-
villea glabra is eminently suited as a roof
climber either for lofty houses or for those
of ordinary dimensions. The training should
be directed towards the provision. of a few
main branches, thinly dispersed about the
roof or wall which it is intended the plant
shall cover, and. at the annual pruning, the
lateral growths from these branches should
be spurred back closely, the flowers and the
beautiful rosy-mauve bracts being produced
on the growths of the current year.

Cobaea scandens.-This old plant often
receives the condemnation of gardeners owing

to its propensity to harbour mealy bug.
Except for this baneful habit, it is an
admirable roof climber and one of rapid
growth. Where, however, it is grown and

treated as an annual, the grower need have
no misgivings on the scom of cleanliness.
Seeds. sown now in light soil and placed in
warmth will soon germinate, and if grown
on in pots, without checks. the plants will
cover à considerable amount of space before
the end of the summer

Gloxinias.—O!d Gloxinia plants which were
stored last autumn should now be turned
out of the old soil and started into growth.
The tubers may be put closely together in
shallow boxes containing leaf-mould and
sharp silver sand and be placed in a warm
greenhouse to start them into growth. The
first potting should be undertaken so soon
as new roots have taken hold of the leat.
mould, when they may be potted either in
small pots, afterwards transferring them
to larger ones, or be placed direet into
their. flowering pots. The grower of the
finest Gloxinias ] have ever seen invariably
adopts this last-named method. The use of
well-drained pots. an open and fibrous
compost. and an intelligent and careful
handling of the water pot are the obvious
conditions of treatment which this plants
calls for.

HARDY FRUIT GARDEN.

By E. NEAL, Gardener to J. A. NIX, Esq., Tilgate,
Crawley, Sussex.

Black Currants.---These small fruits should
receive attention. Remove branches that
eross others and cut out the old shoots.

leaving sufficient of the young growths for
fruiting this coming season, but not over-
crowded. [[ big-bud is prevalent. hand pick
the bushes carefully and burn all the
atfected buds. Before they flower spray
the bushes with Quassia extract, and again,
after the fruit is harvested. with nicotine
soap at the same strength as advised
by the makers. Big-Mud and reversion have
been most troublesome on Black Currants
of late years. 1 find the best thing to do
is to propagate fresh stock annually. or
procure clean bushes from a reliable source.
The Black Currant is easily propagated. and
bv raising healthy stock both big-bud and
reversion may be largely obviated.

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110

ORCHID NOTES AND GLEANINGS.

STAUROPSIS GIGANTEA

A FINE
and Co,
remarkable

raceme of this

The raceme bore large

nearly three inches across,
yellow, spotted with chestnut-red, the lip

noble
on a plant flowered by Messrs.
Jarvisbrook. Sussex.
and rare Orchids
their place, especially in the older nurseries.
coriaceous flowers
coloured pale

being white with purple lines.

with its broad leaves is highly ornamental
stately S. lisso-
Armstrong and
These two Orchids might
better have been retained under Gaudichaud's
seneric name Fieldia (1826)
with the comparatively small,
NS. fasciata,

and ranks

gigantea
Moulmein

only with the
chiloides, noted from Messrs.
Brown last year.

England until 1858. Tt

commonly
gigantea,

CYPRIPEDIUM ETHEL M.

by

and dissimilar
S. philippinensis and S. undu-
latus (more recently included).
was discovered
in 1826, but was not
was,
known in gardens

old species
Ntuart Low
shows that
still retain

statesmen — sut

The plant

analysed they

from this Oak

than classed
is down to

ንየ ከ verng trees
Wallich in ጾ d
flowered in

and still is.
as Vanda

1788.

that age, the

THE note. by
tree (p. 71) was
of the «question,
are of the opinion
stone seat beneath

No. 1, for instance:
no steep descent

down from the
standing by the
have often. thought

reference to hiding
these trees have
Unless records

the Oaks mentioned
four hundred years

Di BoULAY, Bev fan Br

THE GARDENERS’
TREES AND SHRUBS.

it

nto

side

THE WILBERFORCE OAK.

A. D. Webster
interesting from one
there are many

that the Oak with
is the tree that

Church. Again,

the view. with

carn

misleading, ከዛ many
grown

to a large size

be produced

are three hundred
old, I fail to see
d to have attained
of trees being so

on

but when they

CHRONICLE

this
side
who
the
the

The four reasons given by your correspon-
dent sound reasonable,
their. convietion.
to state that there
the Vale of Keston
ridiculous. E have looked
pathway and ክ180
of the tree. and
what a steep descent

are

Take

when
|

1
the
inter-
of
since
that
to

how

very

THREE flowers taken from widely differing — dificult to determine from outward appearances,
seedlings flowering in a
by crossing Cypripedium

iety and
Frederick
Grinstead.

Two dark

J.

C. Hera-Buryades

C. Hera-lsuryades jin
bearing spotted lines of

upper half.
flower, named variety
form of C. insigne
the

very large

petals, lip
being yellow. with a slight
margins and upper
dorsal sepal being pure white.
]t 18 extremely interesting to spe. the very
features of the
the same bateh
variety Casablanca
a vellow C. insigne
of the form of C. Cho used.

tint, the

dissimilar
shown by
handsome
fact that

and base of

Name.

Brasso-Cattleva Alfred Dean
Brasso-Cattleya Nerto — ...
Brasso- Laelio Cattleya Ore eola.
Cattleya Anne Claude
Cymbidium Camilla
Cymbidium Giant Rose
Cymbidium St. Andre

Cypripedium
Cypripedium
Cypripedium
( * pripedium
Cypripedium
Cypripedium
Cypripedium
Cypripedium
Cypripedium
Cypripedium (
Cypripedium
Cypripedium
Cypripedium
Cypripedium
(Cypripedium
Cypripedium
Cypripedium
Cypripedium
Cypripedium

Abel Chatenay
Babylon
Bucharilis
Chilo. ...
Claymore
Colleen
Conference ..

Ethel M. du Boulay

Gasmiram
Golden Wren
Imshi

Lord Allenby
Luminous
Sandru
stamperland
The Provost
Thomer
Victoria
Worslevi

Laelio-Cattleva Barres ..
Laclio-Cattleva Rubencita
‘Laelio-Cattheva Sunbelle
Odontioda Maria
Odontioda Oberon .
Odontoglossum Ceramic
Odontoglossum Delphin

Odontoglossum Elizabeth Miduley

Odontoglossum Epsilon
Odontoglossum Ophelia
Odontoglossum Titan
Odontonia Alesia
Odontonia Nesta
(Omefidium boissiense
Vuvistekeara Dulce

varieties have

of

small

batch raised We have clear
Clio, Chardwar var- No. 2. What

are sent by that period of

Hanbury, Esq., Brockhurst, East that two gentlemen
around the park,
strong features of footway, and then
dorsal sepals, tree, which lends
claret colour and pathway being
purplish rose, with broad white margin and white — roots. No one
The largest and totally different footpath in the
Casabianca, resembles a hundred and
Sanderac, the frequented by
dorsal sepal It is more probable

puss

itself

heart

imaginations in
would be more reasonable
eighteenth century

should take a
along the very

that two or

point
at
than
stroll
small
down under this very
to this purpose.
above the level of
agree that this pubile
of the country
thirty-seven vears ago
great number of people.
three

the
Hts

one
was

emerald-green — workpeople, such as farm hands, passed. that

third of the way to and fro
footway
half-a-centu:y since as
earher ancestors I would bracket
seedlings The together, and
reveals the ourable William
was a parent of Holwood about

remember the

NEW HYBRID ORCHIDS.

(Continued from January 3, p. 3.)

|

Parentage.

C. Sirius x DB.-C. Vilmoriana -—
B.-C. Mrs. J. Leemann x B.-€. Hene

B.-L. Digbyano-purpurata = €. Trianae..,

amabilis < labiata 2

Doris x Lowio-grandiflorum ..
Alexanderi x Schlegelii

Erin x Alexanderi

Druryi x Gaston Bultel

Nirvana x Leeanum Gratrixiae
Buchanianum x aureum — re
Baron Schröder x» Mrs. Wm. Mostyn
Vashti x Thisbe...

Peter x Perseus ... does vis —
Chadwar Bulldog ። Hera-Beckmannii
Clio Chardwar variety x Hera-Euryvades
Gaston Bultel ። Eurvbiades
MAR » Moonlight

Vandvke x Peter Pam..

Gaston Bultel x Baron Harefle ‘ld,
Alabaster x Carola m oe
Bucharilis x Mrs. F. Sander...
Glorita x Christopher ... P
Alcibiades x Purple Emperor

Lord Wolmer x Thora

Comorin x Victor Hugo

Hestia -© Lady Dillon — —
€. Dowiana aurea. x L.C. Lucasiana
Carmencita y Rubens...

Thora x L.-C. Serbia Ad Fn
Oda. Sanderae x Odm. Pescatorei ...
Odim. Titania ” Oda. Cooksoniae
Watsonii ። eximium
illustrissimum » nitidum
virrhosum » Queen Alexandra
ardentissimum » Sambo
Melanthus » St. James
amabile < l'Empeteur ... — m
Odontonia Milly = Odin. Llewellyn
Odontonja Gladys - Odin. St. George
Varicosumm Rogersii - Forbesii
Miltonia Bleuana © Oda, Elsie

their work. |
was not sO

11 is now.
points Nos. 3 and
that the Right
became the owner
the year. 1785, a period
when great alfterations and improvements

Exhibitor.

Charlesworth.

Perrin.

Clement Moore. Esq.
Mons. Blevenee,
Cowan,

Stuart Low.
Sanders.

Luxembourg Gardens.

Sanders.

P. Smith Esq.
Cowan.

Flory & Black.
Flory & Black.
Armstrong & Brown.
F. J. Hanbury. Esq.

Hamilton Smith, Esq.

Flory & Black.
Mrs. Gratrix.

Mrs. Gratrix.
Sanders.

P. Smith, Esq.

R. Paterson, Esq.
Flory & Black.
Flory & Black.
Mrs. Gratrix.

H. Worsley, Esq.
Vacherot & Lecoutle.
McBean.

McBean.

Sanders,

€. Cookson, Esq.
McBean.

McBean.

Mansell « Hatcher.
McBean.
Charlesworth.

ላ. Hanmer. Ese.
Charlesworth.
Charlesworth.
Vacherot & Lecoutle.
Charlesworth.

well
wide

Is

4
Hon-

of

FEBRUARY 14. 1925.

were carried out. on. the estate. Some
considered that Pitt. spoiled. a part. of the
old Roman Camp: Pitt sold. Holwood about

INO]. Readers wil! note that. from 1785. to
1788 was only three vears,. the latter date
of which ois ain Wilberforee’s diary. The

picture. so vividly portrayed of the Oak near
the residence being so convenient. for the
talk about. tlie Slavery [31] may be considered
from another point ; the view seen to-day
from the mound may have been obstructed
at the time, and Pitt may have had 11
eleared later than the Wilberforce vixit.
The wooded country approached very close
to the residence in the eighteenth century.
Mark Mills.
CYTISUS NIGRICANS

A NaTIVE. of Central and South-eastern
Europe this Broom is perfectly bardy and
easily grown in any light. soh no matter
how poor, with full exposure.

[[ is an admirable subject. for massing, as
are most members of the genus but ìt is
peculiarly useful since it flowers from July
to autumn when most other kinds are over.

Though the yelow blossoms are coni-
paratively small they are borne in great
profusion in terminal spikes, often a foot
long, on the current vears wood. so that
well-grown bushes create a fine effect.

Unlike. the majority of Brooms, C. nigricans
Is the better. for fairly hard. pruning m
spring. If voung plants. are treated thus
from the beginning. they may be. kept. bushy
and to. less. than half tbeir normal stature
of five feet The use of [ከኮ knife also
encourages a more prolific growth of that
fresh wood upon. which. [ከሁ flowers are pro-
duced. With. this object. 18 view some of
our plants are. cut back to the base in
spring like. dwarf hardy Fuchsias. and the
result is most pleasing.

CORONILLA GLAUCA.

THis evergreen shrub is one of the earliest
of the Leguminosae to break mto flower.
indeed, in sheltered. gardens, close to the sea
on the west coast. it may often be seen in
full bloom soon after the New Year.

Its fresh green, slightly glaucous, pmnate
leafage is always attractive, and the large
flowers. borne in conspicuous umbels, are a
singularly rieh and attractive yelow.

Although we are six miles from the sea
our plants of C. glauca have never been
injured badly by frost, the 12 registered. in
November leaving it absolutely unharmed.
This experience suggests that C. glauca ìs
hardier than is generally supposed. Our
specimens are growing in very dry, stony
soil and the position is one which gives
shelter from keen winds yet is fully. exposed
to sun. ላ. Wales.

DAPHNE MEZEREUM.

THE garden includes no more welcome
harbinger of spring than the common
Daphne Mezereum. 11 is in the nature of
a surprise to see 118 rosy flowers glittering
in the weak sunshine of a bleak, half-wintry
day, and to. bear. in mind at the same
time that it represents a race of tender
plants renowned for oriental associations,
exquisite. beauty. and rieh perfume.

Whether D. Mezereum is ብ native of Britain
is an open question, and considering the
glorious Uncertainty of the origin. of things.
perhaps it does not matter. but it is most
certainly met. with in apparently wild positions
in several counties in. the South of England.

D. Mezereum presents a singular appearance
when dotted with its richly coloured flowers
on brown. bare stems, nor is its appearance
less singular when the. berries. appear.

It is when the flowers are fading that. the
delicate; light. green leaves peep out. but in
the autumn, when the berries are ripening,
the leaves change to a dull green, and there
arc so many other interesting things in the
garden that we forget the Mezereum; but
it will take a long time now to remove the

TU PR int Woah”, cT የያ. QAR GARDE NERS | CHRONICLE. : | ።፡ m

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112

THE

GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE.

FEBRUARY 14, 1926.

EDITORIAL NOTICES.

ADVERTISEMENTS should be sent to the
PUBLISHER, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C.2.

Editors and Publisher. -Dur correspondenta would
ebriate delay in obtaining. answers to their communi-
cations and save us much tvme and trouble, if they would
kindy observe the notice printed weekly to the effect that
ali letters relating to financiai matters and to advertise-
ments should be addressed to the PUBLISHER; and that
ali communveations intended for publication or referring
to the literary department, and all plants to be named
should be directed to the EDITORS. The two departments,
Publishing and Editorial, are distinct, and much un-
necessary delay and confusion arise when letters are
misdirected .

Illustrations.—T/Ae Editors will be glad to receive and to
select photographs or drawings suitable for reproduction,
of gardens, or of remarkable flowers, trees, etc., but they
cannot be responsible for loss or injury.

Local News.—Correspondents will greatly oblige bu sending
to the Editors early intelligence of local events likely to be
of interest to our readers.

Special Notice to Correspondents.—The Editors do
not undertaketo pay for any contributions or illustrations,
or to return unused communications or illustrations,
unless by special arrangement. The Editors do not hold
themselres responsible for any opinions erpressed by
their correspondents.

t Communiceations.—// sent by telegraph, these
should be addressed '"Gaurd. Chron," Rand; or by
telephone, to Gerrard, 1543.

Letters fcr Publication as well as specimens of plants
for naming, should be addressed to the EDITORS,
5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, London.
Communications should be WRITTEN ON ONR SIDE
ONLY OF THE PAPER, sent as early in the week as
possible, and duly signed by the writer. If desired, the
signature will not be printed, but kept as a guarantee of
good faith.

—— ————M————— መጨ> —9 — ሙ>

ON THE OCCURRENCE OF
THE SILVER-LEAF FUNGUS IN
RHODODENDRONS

HE disease. known as Silver.leaf, caused
1 by the fungus Stereum purpureum,
attacks particularly members of the
Rosaceae, but is known to occur also in
plants belonging to entirely different families.
In several varieties of Apples and Plums the
fungus has caused exceedingly serious damage,

and in many parts of the country whole
orchards of the well-known Wietoria Plum
have been ruined. The occurrence, therefore.

of this parasite on a new host, especially
when it is an important cultivated genus, is
worthy of record even though the damage
be slight and observed) only in isolated
CASES,

The presence of the fungus in Rhododen-
dron was first. observed by Mr. C. P. Rathi,
Assistant-curator in charge. of the Temperate
Department at Kew, in 1919. The plant
infected was an old. specimen of R. griffith-
ianum, which bore on some dead and dying
branches a number of dull purpte sporophores
(i.e. spore-bearing bodies). The specimens
were examined in the laboratory at the time,
and Mr. Ralls determination of the fungus

as Stereum purpureum was confirmed. On
cutting off the affected branches the wood
was found to be discoloured, being either
deep brown or. greyish-brown. The tree was
obviously decidedly unhealthy, and the
evidence suggested (though it was not con-
clusive) that the fungus was parasitic. As

the plant was probably thirty years old and
the branches examined were for the most
part «ead. it appeared possible that the
fungus (which leads a saprophytic as .well as
parasitic mode of existence) occurred. merely
as a saprophyte on the dead branches and
was therefore in no way responsible for
their death. Other suspicious cases have
been noticed during the past five years, the
plants attacked including © Rhododendron
arboreum and certain of the Chinese species.
Quite recently, however, two striking cases
confirming the parasitism of the fungus on
Rhododendron have been observed.

The species affected in both cases is R.
barbatum, one plant growing under glass and

the other in the open. In the case of the
former, the plant, which is about fifteen
years old, has for some years showed signs
of ill-health. The first symptoms are seen in
the leaves, which become limp and hang
down. This wilting is followed sooner or
later by dying back. (It should be noted
that no silvering of the foliage takes place).
During the autumn a number of small
sporophores burst through the bark in a
vertical series on living branches, t.e., those

which are stil bearing green leaves. On
cutting back. the small. affected branches,
and on cutting out a main branch, the

characteristic dark brown stain was apparent.
Typical sporophores of N. purpureum emerged
within a few weeks from the cut surface of
the stump, and smaller sporophores appeared
on some of the scars on the other branch.
The tree in the open affords, if anything,
a more striking example of the parasitic
nature of the fungus on this host, and shows

that the disease is not confined to plants
grown under glass; where conditions might

be regarded as unsuitable, or the plants as
eoddled. The specimen in question. is about
twenty years old. As in the previous ease,

branches which have died back were removed
close to the main braneh. The. wood was
discoloured, and a few weeks later sinall

sporophores of Stereum purpureum developed
from each of the cut surfaces and also from
various other positions on the stem. The
branch in question is a large one, forked
from near the base, and, though bearing
abundance of healthy leaves above, it is
clear that the wood of both forks is invaded
with mycelium. As the mycelium gradually
destroys the wood, it is presumably only a
matter of time before wilting will occur and
ultimately dying back. It should, however,
be remembered that even in the much more
susceptible genus Prunus. the host occasionally
succeeds in warding off further development

of the fungus and complete recovery
ensues.

The discovery that — Silver-leaf is caused
by Stereum purpureum was made by Prof.
J. Percival. His work has been confirmed
and vastly. extended by Mr. F. T. Brooks.
to whom practically all our knowledge of

the subject is due. On comparing the disease
as seen in. Rhododendrons and in Plums, the
attack by the fungus is found to differ in
three marked respects: (1) the course of the

disease is slower; (2) there is no silvering
of the foliage. and (3) the fungus develops

alive.
usual

sporophores from branehes whieh
this beimg in striking contrast to
course of events in Plums.

With regard to (1) it is not
that the mycelium of the fungus should be
slow in penetrating the tissues of a hard-
wooded plant such as Rhododendron. The
wood is composed of vessels and fibres of
very small calibre, and the fungus encounters
greater mechanical difficulties than in coarse-
grained wood. As to the lack of silvering,
Brooks has shown that this feature is not
an invariable accompaniment of an attack
by S. purpureum (e.g., in Birch and Beech).
The third difference referred to is more
apparent than real since it will be found on
examination that either a sector of the
branch or a small part of the periphery has
been killed, and that the sporophores
arise from a strip of dead tissue even though
the branch as a whole may be alive. Brooks
has already pointed out that the development
of sporophores from partially dead wood may
take place very exceptionally in Plums, and
its occurrence in Rhododendron is only another
example of the same phenomenon. The
attack in Rhododendron, therefore, though
differing in certain. respects from that usually
found in Rosaceac is not fundamentally
distinct.

Although no inoculations have been made,

are
the

surprising

and no research carried out in connection
with the above cases, one is justified in
assuming from the evidence available, and
from all that is known of the habits of

Stereum purpureum, that the fungus is acting

as a parasite in Rhododendron and is
responsible for the dying back of the
branches.

Although this fact must be recorded.
Rhododendron lovers need not be unduly

alarmed. At present only a few varieties
have shown susceptibility, and the develop-
ment of the disease appears to be unusually
slow. By prompt action and scientific
method the fungus may possibly be out-
witted. At the same time it should be
remembered that the dying back of Rhodo-
dendron shoots is no new event, and it is
possible that Stereum purpureum has been
responsible in the past, and that it is
acting in a similar way, though unrecognised,
in other parts of the country. Now that
attention .has been called to the subject,
growers should be on the alert.

MEASURES OF CONTROL.

‘Treatment may be considered under four
headings:—(1), Pruning; (2), protection of
wounds; (3). feeding; and (4), hygiene.

(1) When once a tree commences to die-
back the rule in Silver-leaf is to cut the
branch or branches back to sound wood,
ien to & point well below the dark stain.
This rule should doubtless be adhered to in
Rhododendrons, but, inasmuch as the precise
course of the disease in this host is not
known, if a small strip only of diseased
wood exists growers may prefer to adopt
less drastic treatment, especially as an jin-
fected branch may bear healthy shoots and
produce flowers for several, and possibly
many, years. It should be remembered,
however, that the mycelium in the branch
spreads downwards as well as upwards, and
that there is a danger of branches lower
down becoming infected. Prompt cutting
back, therefore, may save the tree.

(2) During the process of pruning all
wounds should be immediately protected with

gas tar. It has been proved that the fungus
spores alight on freshly made wounds and
infect them at once, and that entry by

means of older wounds is not so easy.
Even quite young wood is liable to infection
and obviously also injury due to snapping
branches by wind or snow. Gas tar should
be employed in preference to Stockholm tar.

since the latter early loses its antiseptic
qualities. A second dressing of gas tar
should be given in about three months
time.

(3 As the water.conducting tissue of

affected stems is partially blocked owing to
the presence of mycelium, everything which
can assist the ascent of sap and encourage
the development of new conducting tissues
will be to the good. The roots should be
lightly mulched with good leaf -mould to
preserve the surface fibres and to encourage
the production of new ones. On no account
should the plant suffer from lack of water
in summer. Food may be added to the
mulch so far as is safe, in the form of old

cow manure or even thoroughly rotted
stable manure if the former is not
available,

(4) Every gardener should know the fungus
Stereum purpureum and seek to banish it
from his domain. The purple sporophores
often develop in profusion in wet weather (es-
pecially in autumn) not only on the dead wood of
Apple and Plum, but on that of many other
dicotyledonous trees (Coniferous wood is practi-
cally immune). The millions of spores
produced by these bodies are distributed by
wind, and they readily infect open wounds
of susceptible plants. From the point of
view of the spread of plant diseases, there-
fore, cleanliness in a garden is of the utmost con-
sequence. Stacked wood is particularly danger-
ous, since, all unobserved, the fungus may be
copiously fructifying at the bottom of the

stack. The safest course is to burn, or
place under cover, all wood liable 10
harbour the parasite. .1. D. Cotton. Kew.

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114

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE,

thought that under our sombre skies shade
is Unwanted, still the sarden of flowering
shrubs should find a place here. For it
more than any other point of the garden
18 at onee the most beautifol ond the
most difficult to plan After these intro-
ductions come a series of very beautiful
photographs of garden scenes mostly taken
in famous gardens. and then, with a wealth
of well-executed coloured plates, the eolour

catalogue begins. ft is excellently well done.
but only experience. based. on the use of (t
88 à guide m garden planning may decide

whether such a catholic survey of garden
plants classified. | aecording to flower-colour

will, as. a matter of fect,
cardener in his. plannimee; Convenient. it un-
doubtedly will be to. have. tke beok for
reference; but. fortunately or unfortunately.

greatly help. the

species are discursive things and garden
varieties run into riots of colour. Where to

place these rebellious things must. have
taxed the ingenuity of Messrs. Humphreys
and Irving. We are inclined. 10 suggest
when another edition is in preparation that
each colour section should. be divided into
a series oof sub-sections— herbaceous border,
rock and wall garden. etc. ete. and that
the alphabetical lists should ከሩ distributed
among the sub.sections.. The praiseworthy

desire to include. all good garden [||። በ1
would seem to us to militate against the
every day usefulness of the book as a guide
to garden planning. Useful, however. 1!
eertainly is, and gardeners will be grateful
to the authors for the pains they have
taken to help them in making their gardens
vet more beautiful.

POTATO BREEDING.

production of new varieties of the
most readily effected by means
true seed. However, variations
within a variety, propagated vegetatively.
do occur from time to time, and these may
be isolated. [n such a way it is possible,
for example, to accumulate stocks of a
white-tubered, a red-tubered, or a ** bolter ?
King Edward; but none of these variations
constitutes a distinct advance in. the merita
of the variety im question when all. factors,
including yield and maturity, are taken
into consideration. Nevertheless, the variant
character may be at times of such a nature
as to enhance the commercial value of the
variety, e.g., the selection of russet-skinncd

THE
Potato 15
of the

tubers—because of their popularity -is of
distinet advantage. ‘ Bud sports ` have
been recorded as occurring in the Potato,

but from the standpoint of the systematic
production of new types, their occurrence is
too rare. Selections of tubers from high.
vielding plants would not seem to he
eficacious for the purpose of improving
healthy stocks. Thus sexual reproduction

affords the only means of progress. towards
greater-vielding capacity, increased disease
resistance, hardihood, and general utility.

The Potato breeder has one preat advantage
at the start; when he has obtained a new
variety, there is no further question of

fixing its characters; by tbe vegetative
mode of reproduction, the seedling plant is
carried on year after year without. altera-
tion. However, as will be seen, difficulties
exist which are not easily overcome.

A study of the flower, its bright colour
and occasional perfume, would lead one to

conclude that the Potato is adapted for
insect visits. However, whatever the eon-
ditions may have been in its original
habitat, there is little. if any, natural

cross-fertilisation in this country at the

present time. Those varieties which bear
natural fruit do SO, therefore. us the result
(|. self-fertilisation, Piant breeders have
produced a number of varieties in which

the pollen is sterile, or practically so, os

for Instance, Up-to-Date. British Queen,
King Edward, Arran Chief. Epicure, Great
Seot. Duke of York. and Golden Wonder.

our best. varieties
Closely associated although
Up-to-Date

Indeed, most of lelong
to this category.

not absolutely, as in the cases of

and British Queen with the question of
sterility of pollen ኩ the phenomenon of
diminished flower — frequency. There are
many desirable types whieh flower very

rarely, and even then are practically always

devoid of normal pollen. Conversely, many
varieties; whieh flower profusely and bear
viable pollen grains, are far from berm

desirable parents.

“ፍ/#ዘዞሃ upd Crossing, “Phe brecder has the
chores oof two. types of seed, namely, that
taken from naturally-fertihsed berries or that
produced by cross-fertilisation. It. will be
apparent that the second type offers by
far the greater ኣየህ”; by sowing selfed
seed only. the cheice of parents, both as
regards quality and quantity. ts very Wnited.
Potato varieties have been elaborated through
generations of cross breeding: the steds of
self-set berries will thus probably carry
many characters in ዘ blended condition, md
will give rise to plants which differ amongst

themselves and are distinet from the parcont.
A high percentage of natural seedlings of
the varieties Abundance, American, Ally,

President, Lord Rosebery, and Templar.
however, are indistingutshable from the
parent type: on the contrary, other varieties.

including Majestic, give rise to seedlings
showing great diversity. In. the past. many
popular varieties have been produced. from
selfed seed, ega Fluke. Victoria, Champion,

and Maincrop, but all authorities: are agreed
that cross-fertilisation provides the greater
amount of material from which to make
seleetions. ‘There 15 no proof at present ef
the allegation, made by some authoritiecs*,
that the Potato 15 highly sensitive to

mederate in-breeding, and that [ከቦ vield of
natural seedlings is in any way less than in
* erovsed © seedlings. However, a serious
disadvantage in the use of selfed secd is

that faults of the parent are usually very
prevalent. in the offspring. The — plants
derived from seed produced by cross-fertilisation
sometimes show resemblances to one or both
parents, but የክ isolation of any seedling
Which pessi sses all the desirable qualities of
የከ two parents. is an extremely diflieult
matter, although the chances of obtaining 11

are inereased in proportion to the number
of seeds soma.
Tore OnokcT ok BREEDING.

The aim of the Potato breeder is to produce
new types of plants whieh, judged by all
standards, are improvements on existing var-
ieties. [t will, therefore, be useful to discuss
briefly the points of an ideal variety, keeping
in view public prejudices and preferences, which,
to a considerable extent, control the breeder's

work.
(a) Foliage, Foliage characters should be
studied along with maturity. Common. to

however, there must be sufti-
cient growth to cover the ground and “till
the drill 7: marked ** openness" must be
avoided, as it allows weeds to. prow up
readily. — The stems should. not ከዮ too
numerous በኮ too thin. [በ is of grent
advantage if, other things being equal, the

all groups,

breeder cean produce varieties in which the
foliages cannot be readily confused with
those of other varieties.

(ከ) Diiscase Resistance - Varieties whieh show
distinct. susceptibility to specific diseases are
of httle value. In. Britain, seedlings which
are susceptible to Wart have little
chance of success. owing to the legislative
measures taken to check the spread of this
trouble. Generally speaking, all early varieties

disease

are susceptible to bhght. This is not such
a great fault, as. If the varieties are lifted
early. they will. probably escape infection,
On principle; however. minniunity to Wart
disease and hich resistance to all other

troubles must be the ann of every breeder.

[ና] Maturity Phere as ዘ definite demand
by the. publie for early. mid-season. and
Grundinien der. Pfltpen7 chturp MU.

‘eg. Baur FE.

FEBRUARY 14. 1995.

tate varieties, all of
functions. to perform.
vroup should not. ከር

Which have special
[1)(|(ኣ |(11ሀ1]15 mo one
compared for viela

with members of another: the vied of
early varieties, for instance, can scarcely
be compared: with that of late varieties.

THe TUBER.

(1) /ዖ.”ሇ Seedling varieties always have
more numerous. tubers in the first vear
than 18 succeeding. years when like growth
conditions prevail, Whether or not this
phenomenon is connected with the different
root systems is not known. Too many
tubers are generally associated with a large
percentage of small. One of the primary
essentials of a good variety is the pro-
duction of the largest vield per acre of
marketable tubers. There must be a pre-
ponderance of ware tubers of marketable

size and an absence of a large number of
seed sets and chat tubers.

(2) Shape ---—Amongst present-day "arieties
there exists a great. diversity of shapes,
ranging from the fine kidney of Kings
Edward to the coarse round of Champion.
At first sight 11 would appear as If any
shape might 10, but it has 10 be remem-
bered that many varieties retain places
ou the market in spite of their shapes
and not because of them. An ideal shape

1:5 that of Up-to-Date, which is flattened
oval; however, there ርክበ ከሁ no radical
objection to the kidney type or የ0 the
round Great Seot type. The eves should not
be too deep. Elongated and ungainly tubers
never capture the publie faney.

(3) Colour of Nkin.—Under
tions, deep colouring is not
varieties are not popular
sumer and they are difficult to lft in late
autumn: moreover, diseased tubers are not
so readily eliminated. from coloured. as from
white varieties. On the other hand, russet
tubers are popular, as also are some with
distinet markings, such as King. Kdward.
Pink is not so objectionable as purple.
Varieties should. have, therefore; white,
vellow, or russet skins.

(4) Colour of Flesh. |n. Britaina white-
fleshed varieties are in demand, although no
exception is taken to a light lemon colour.
Yellow-fleshed varieties except in the
of earlies are almost unsaleable in
country. Any varieties which have a
dency to form streaks of red
the flesh should. not be regarded with
favour. "The flesh should. be firm.

(5) Second Growth —Whether. in the
of secondary tubers. runners በኛ
from [ከቦ eves, cracking or
second growth 18
showing such

con«li-
such
CON-

present
desirable :
with the

('11:4'
this
ten-

or blue in

form
protrusions
supertuberation,
undesirable, and varieties
tendencies should be discarded,
Quality.- The
all those

mature tuber
characters which vo

(6) Cooking
should possess

to make up “good quality.” This ean be
estimated by a direct test. At the present
stage there is not. sufficient information

tubers
made by

regarding the actual composition of
to enable determinations to be
chemical analyses.

(7) Keeping Quality.- Keeping quality is
usually associated with maturity: early
sorts do not keep so well as late ones, but
their funetion 15 to serve the early market
and. 11 consequence, this point need not. be
too seriously regarded. AIl late varieties,
however, do not keep equally well. Tubers
should not be prone to become diseased in
the puts; and too early sprouting with the
eonsequent depletion of food stored in the
tuber, is undesirable.

(N) Position of Tuhers. -The favourite Potates
have generally the tubers bunched together
at the base oof the haulri; and varieties,
6e. Templar. with runners, are not
popular. ኋላ well-bunehed croup of tubers

long

facilitates. diggin at harvest. and is better
adapted for ocarthing up. Thomas [^
D Trtosh, BaSe. (1 ዮዮ) FEdéuburkh.

(To he eontinuid )

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AUSTIN. ደ.

ነ 89 Mitchell. St. GLASGOW. ta

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116

THE

GARDENERS’

artificially ; and it is generally agreed that
the quickest way to bring. the tree. into
bearing is to reduce pruning to a mninimurm.
Nature knows much better. than ነር do how
to form fruit spurs if we pive her the
chance by leaving the stout shoots full
length.

l have been pruning trees of Bramley's
Seedling on which the rnain shoots were
left untipped last winter. They have formed
spurs naturally along almost the full length
of the two-year-old wood. Early Victoria,

on the contrary makes rather slender growths,

though plenty of them, and is verv
quick to come into full bearing. It needs
fairly hard pruning to keep it growing.
Annual tipping of the main shoots and

short pruning of the laterals docs not throw
it out of the fruiting habit. Market Grower.

VEGETABLE GARDEN.

VEGETABLES.

VEGETABLES, though not. perhaps the most
attractive feature of shows, form a very
Important part of the exhibits, for gardeners
and many enthusiastic amateurs and cottagers
take the greatest interest in vegetables, and
yet many exhibitors have a poor conception
of what kind of produce appeals most to the

EXHIBITION

judges, especially at village shows. For.
instance, they imagine that extra large
Potatos are given preference; by all means
select. fully-grown tubers, rather larger than
those that are considered best for the table,
but let them be as even in size and form
as possible, rejecting those with deep eves,
or defects of any kind. Cleansing only

exposes such defects. but selected tubers are

much improved by being carefully. sponged

and kept wrapped in paper until the morning

of the show to prevent the skin becoming

green; this applies to roots. generally.

clear-
red

SIZE,
rich

Carrots should. b all of one
skinned, and of good colour, a
rather than yellow.

Turnips should not be too lurge: the most
perfect specimens are those with small tap-
roots. but untrimined, all other fibres being
varefully cut away and the roots sponged
clean. It should always be remembered that
if judges have any doubt in awarding prizes
the knife is used, and those found to be
old or woolly in texture are passed over.
Turnip-rooted Beet should be shown in exactly
the same way as Turnips, and is [ከሁ best

type of Beet for early shows, but for later

exhibitions long roots should be shown, as
free from side roots, sears, and dirt as
possible. Beets are generally eut by the

judges and preference given to those of. the
deepest colour.

Parsnips are not usually included. in early

shows. The roots should be shown their full
length, those that taper regularly being
preferred.

Tripoli Onions are mostly seen at the carly
shows, but late im August fine bulbs of the
Premier and Ailsa Craig types win the prizes.

Peas should ከር long in the pod, of good
colour, and the pods packed with tender
Peas. Judges not only open the pods but
taste. the Peas. and it is useless to. stage
Peas that are old and flavourless. The. same

remarks apply to Broad Beans, Runner Beans,
and French Beans, the pods of which should
be lone. straight. and tender, the last quality

being very important, for unless the pods
snap readily they will win no prize, Peas
and Beans should be straight and as nearly
one length as possible with no small ones
underneath.

Lettuees soon become flabby after they
are (11, therefore thes should. be pulled. up
by the roots and ó surrounded by damp

F. Jordan.
(To hc continued.)

MOSS.

HOME CORRESPONDENCE.

[The Editors do not hold themselres responsible Sor
the opinions erpressed by correspondents. |

Geranium grandiflorum. -Fhe description of
this plant (p. 55) agrees. with the plants in

my garden here, but the illustration given
(Fig. 31) appears to represent an example
of one of the forms of G. ibericum, which
I also grow bere and whieh does not
resemble grandiflorum in any particular,
except that they are both Geraniums.

G. grandiflorum resembles G. pratense in

in appearance and growth, but the flowers
have a large purple centre: G. ibericum,
on the contrary, as can be seen from the

figure, is not at all like pratense, as it has

lobed, not deeply cut, leaves which are
hairy and rather soft. and the flowers of
my plant (possibly variety platypetalum)
are of a dull violet purple. --C. Nicholson,
Hale End, Chingford.

Onion Cranston’s Excelsior and Ailsa
Craig.—-With reference to the controversy

over the name of Cranston’s Excelsior Onion
on p. 13, Vol. LXXVII. I should like to
state that I grew the variety when it was
first sent out, more than thirty vears ago. and
noticed. then that there were both globular
and flat-based bulbs. [ never met the late
Mr. Murray nor have ] visited Culzean
Castle, but what |. believe Mr. Murray. did,
like a good many more, myself included.
was to select. the globular form and seed it,
thinking he had a totally dierent Onion.
Both shapes are found still. whether grown
under the name of Ailsa Craig or Cranston's
Exeelsior. There is no doubt. the latter
was the first name, and the original raiser
ought to be credited with the. honour.
Gregor Roy, Halswell Park Gardens, Bridg-
water.

Bees and Apple Fertilization. Seve. veurs
ugo l became acquainted with some old
Apple orchards which were interplanted with

Cob-Nuts and Filberts. As the. | orchards
were overcrowded, 1 was asked if the Nuts
assisted the Apples in any way. I did not

see 11 was possible, but since, according. to
a writer in the. daily Press, where bees. gyo
in the early season they will go again and
again later, there may have been two motives
for the mterplantiiz; viz. the securing of ከ

crop of Nuts and the assistance of the bees
in pollinating the Apples, though I am
unable to say If this 15 so. [f Apple trees
were sprayed with anything bees disliked
this would keep the insects away. Still
another thought: are self-fertile and self-
sterile varieties of friet regularly so, or do
they change in different seasons 7 ፲ከዘ! is.
does a self-fertile sort become self-sterile. and

] trust ]
gardeners

onc self-fertile.
but private

iun not
have so

a oself-sterile
troublesome,

little time m the. flowering season to find
out these matters. It 15 possible soie
scientific observer may kindly help with

information. J. E.

---— Apparently from letters which have been
published in these columns. aud conversations
with growers of fruit and keepers of bees,
diversity of opinion on this subject is
wider than ] thought when the original note
was written. So. far as my information
reaches me the pres. and eons. are about
equally divided. One bee master with whem
] have come in touch expresses the view
that bees are not so valuable. for fruit
pollination on very heavy, cold soils as they
are on lighter, warmer ones, That bees will
avoid trees whieh have been sprayed with
solutions obnoxious to them, as mentioned
by Mr. Crowe on page 64 is weil known,
and has more than once raised the question

as to whether the danger to bees due to
dressing with potsons when trees are in
blossom (at practice with which I do not

hold for
W. T.

one moment) 1[= not exaggerated,

CHRONICLE.

FEBRVARY 14, 1925

SOCIETIES.

NATIONAL CHRYSANTHEMUM. .

THe National Chrysanthemum Society held
its annual general meeting on Monday.

February 2, at Essex. Hull, Essex Street,
Strand. In. the unavoidable absence of ihe
president. Sir Jeremiah Colman, through

indisposition, Mr. E. F. Hawes was elected. to
the chair. The attendance was somewhat
small, only three or four. members beine
present in addition 1ዐ the officers and
committee, but one of these came all the
way from Leicester and another from Cook-
ham, to show their interest in the pro-
ceedings.

The Report of
year 1924, together

the Committee for the
with the statement or
accounts, were read by the Secretary. The
former, as is usual contained a brief state-
ment of the work carried on by the Society

during the year under review and laid
special emphasis on the work of the Floral

Committee. which considered the merits of
no fewer than one hundred Chrysanthemum
novelties and granted. thirty-four First-Clas<
Certificates and four Commendations. The
exhibition of 1024 was a great success, and
the takings at the doors on the two days
amounted to E85 63. 6d. As already notificd.
the exhibition for 1925 will be held at the
Royal Horticultural Hall on November 5 and 6.
Reference was made to the visit of Mr. Y. W.

Pockeit. the eminent Australian raiser of
Chrysanthemums, and to the visit of Mr. T.
Stevenson to tbe Paris and Amsterdam

exhibitions, where he represented. the Society.
The display of / early-flowering Chrysanthe-

mums ዘ! Wembley was given special
prominence mo the report, and the thank-
of the Society was tendered to Messrs.

Lowe and Shawyer. Messrs. Cragg, Harrison.
and Crave. and Mr. 11. J. Jones. for their
contributions of plants which enabled Mr.
Bartlett. to make a fine display in front. of
the Indian pavilion,

The Committee expressed
Sir Jeremiah Colman. who
accept nomination. for the
ane more. yearn but expressed deep regret
that Mr. John Green, who has been hon.
treasurer for many vears, was compelled to
relinquish office. owing to advancing years.
The warmest thanks of the officers and
committee were extended to Mr. Green. with
an expression. በሸ hearty good wishes, and.
subsequently. Mr. Green was made an
Honorary Fellow of the Society.

gratification to
had agreed to
presidency for

The accounts showed that the total in-
come for the year was £308 16s., £94 17s.
having been received from. — subscriptions,
while the November show, including tiekets
and entrance fees, brought in a sun of
£4. 17s. Donors of special prizes contri-
buted £49 lls. and affiliation. fees came to
£19. 13s. The expenses of the November
show. including. prize money. amounted to

£133. 125. printing
£432. ]s. Bd.
ineluded the
Chamber of

postages. A
carried

and stationery came to

while various other items
affiliation fee of £2 2s. to the
Horticulture and £7 23. 6d for
balance of £62 18. 3d. was
forward.

The Reserve Fund account still
£90. while the surplus of- assets over
liabilities, after writing down the properties
at the Royal Horticultural Hall and oftiee.
amount to £131 16s. 9d. Thus it appears
that the National Chrysanthemum — Society
has made considerable progress and is in a
better financial position than for many
years past

1” Jeremiah Colman
re-elected president, and on the motion of
Mr. Crane, seconded by Mr. Howe, Mr. D.
Ingamells was elected to fill. the post of
hon. treasurer and he was also re-elected
Viee-chairman of Committee. Mr. EK. F.

stands at

was unanimously

Hawes continues. as Chairman of Committee.
Mr. C. Harman Payne as Hon. Foreign
Corresponding Secretary, and Mr. €. H.

FEBRUARY 14, 1925.

ee ee — — — — — — —

Curtis as Secretary. and Editor. The retiring
members of Committee were re-elected and
Mr. J. Goddard. of Leicester, was appointed
to fill a vacancy arising.

Reference was made to the services
rendered by Mrs. Curtis on the occasion of

the November show and it was agreed that
she be asked to accept a small present as
a token of the Committee's regard and
esteem. Thanks to the officers and eom-
mittee for services rendered during the past
vear were moved by Mr. Hatch, of Cookham,
and seconded by Mr. Goddard, of Leicester,
both of whom referred to the pleasure they
hack in attending the November. shows, to
the smoothness with which everything went
off on those occasions. and the kindly
attention which was always piven to pro-
vincial members. A vote of thanks to the
chairman concluded the proceedings.

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL.

FEBRUARY 1l0.—The near approach of
spring was made apparent by the nature
of the floral exhibits at Vincent Square on

the occasion of the Annual. General Meeting.

Not only were there more. flowers than a
fortnight ago but they were more varied
and of brighter character. The principal
features were forced shrubs. of various kinds.

including Roses: early alpmes, Primulas and

Polvanthuses and Dutch bulbs. Besides
the shrubs which received award., the
Director of Kew showed a ከበር branch. of
Pinus Sabiniana bearing four large cones,
There were several large groups of Orehids
and some exceptionally tine fruits and
vegetables.

Orchid Committee.

Present: Nir Jeremiah Colman, Bt. (in. the
ehair) Lt.-Col. Sir Geo. L. Holford, Gurney
Wilson (Secretary), James O'Brien, Frederick
J. Hanbury, €. J. Lucas, H. T. Pitt.
Arthur Dye. H. G. Alexander, Chas. H.
Curtis, S. W. Flory, Henry H. Smith.
G. F. Moore, A. McBean, John €. Cowan,
ነነ. J. Kaye. E. HR. Ashton. Fred. K.,
Sander, Stuart H. Low, T. Armstrong.
C. Cookson. R. Brooman White and J. E.
Shill.

FIRST-CLASS CERTIFICATES.

Ogilvie Cer.
AND BROWN,
largest and
grand hybrid.
flower oft

Cypripedium Memoria F. M.
Iecc.—-From Messrs. ARMSTRONG
Orchidhurst, Tunbridge. The
most beautiful form of this
The large and perfectly formed
tine substance has a broad, round. white.
dorsal sepal, with pale emerald-greei base
from which ascend heavily blotehed lines of
ulossy maroon colour. The broad petals and
lip have a honey-yellow ground tinged with
chocolate-purple.

Merlin).

Cymbidium Goosander (insigne x

From Lt.-Col. Sir George L. Holford. C.LE.,
K.C.V.O.. Westonbirt (gr. Mr. H. G. Alex-
ander). A noble new variety with large
flowers of fine shape; white with a pearl-
pink shade, the clear white lip having a
rose-purple front and margins to. the side-

lobes. A hybrid that is quite unique.

AWARDS OF MERIT.

Redstart, Crimson-lip variety. —

Cymbidium

A very fine rose-coloured flower with crimson
margin to the lip and dotted red lines. on
the side lobes.

Cymbidium Butterfly, Westonbirt variety. --
A fine flower of perfect shape: pale sulphur-
vellow with dark red band and red spottings
on the lip.

Cymnbidian Warbler, Westonbirt curity, -..ላ
A good white flower with slight blush tint
and riehly coloured markings on the lip.

Cymbidion Curlew, Westonhirt varati- “The
plant shown had a fine wax-like
flowers. the Bp having a band of. purple in
and some red spotting.

spike ot

pront
Cymbidium Lapwing.

with fine flowers, the lip

tunrkimgs.

A very showy variety
beings white with

(-01111:፤(፤11

THE GARDENERS

These five Cymbidiums were from Lieut.-
Col. Str Giro. L. HOLFORD.

Milonia William Pitt, Stamperland varicty.

From Robert PATERSON, Esq., Stamper-
land. Glasgow (gr. Mr. Merry). ‘Several

varieties of this vrand Miltonia have secured

Awards, but this is the richest. of all in
colour, the flowers being intense crinison-
purple with a white base to the lip.

Robert Paterson (Memoria F.
M. Ogilvie “ Eurgbiades). — From Messrs.
FLory anp Brack, Slough. A very hand-
some hybrid with large and finely formed
flowers. the broad dorsal sepal being white,
heavily blotelied with blackish maroon.

( upripediu ve

Cypripedium Gold Mohur (Goliath x Lady
Dillon). From G. F. Moong, Esq... Chardwar.
Bourtoni-on-the-Water. ላ charming Cypri-
pedium with yellow ground. the dorsal. sepal
bearing dark maroon blotches.

Cattleya Caroline (Enid. x /ያኝ፡ ታሥዘያዞ ሠ“) —
From Messrs. J. AND .ኒ. MeBEaAN. Cooksbridee.
A fine flower of the dabiate type with
sepals and petals and broad, purple, crimped

lip.

rose

GROUPS.
Lt.-Col Sir Geo. L. ]19ዚኮ()ዜ8ህ exhibited one
of the grandest groups of Cymbidiums ever
staged whieh gained him the Gold Medal,
and a Nilver-gilt Lindley Medal for his Orchid
grower, Mr. 11. G. Alexander. The group
occupied a space of 220 square feet, and
over one hundred vrand specimens, all raised
at Westonbirt. were included, the species also
beige rTeprescated. by C. insigne and ë C.
eburneum. About twenty distinet. Westonbirt-
raised hybrid C€yinbidiums in several varieties
were shown and all in superb condition.
Messrs. NaNpERS, St. Albans, were awarded
a Nilyer-vilt Banksian Medal for a very fine
and interesting group in whieh their fine
strain of. Cymbidiums was well represented,
the new C. Louis Sander and C. Roger
Sander ranking with the best. The central
plants of their noble Miltona Butterfly var.
Apex and var. Eclipse. had fine white flowers
with deep maroon mask on the lip. Milton
Sanderae bore two spikes of very beautiful
flowers, and vood Odontoglosstuins were noted.
Among the the curious. Trias picta.
Dendrobium Wardianum, and other Dendro-
bhuns were noted.
Messrs. CHARLESWORTH AND Co. were awarded
a Nilvervih Banksian Medal for a fine group
1) which richly coloured Odontoglossums and
Odontiodas were well displayed. the white
forms being well represented by the beautiful
xanthotes so well developed by — Messrs.
Charlesworth, Several examples of their new
strain of ()(10)111()11,. were also shown, indicatiag

Species

a development ain which there are great
expeetitions.
Messrs. Cowan AND Co, Southgate, were

awarded ዜ Silver. Bankstan Medal for a goodly
group, principally oof — Cymbidiuma. The
central plant was a grand example of their
Brasso-Cattleval British Queen. and beside it
were four very handsome plants of Cattleya
Tityus. ‘The Cypripediims included the still
unmatched = ("| Harrisianuin G. S. Ball's
variety, with dark purple dorsal sepal, and

the handsome C. [dina Lee's. variety.
Messrs. Frory «np BLACK. Slough, received
ዜ Silver Banks Medal for a group in

which the. Cypripediums were well displayed,
a [fine novelty being ('. S. W. Pory (Mrs.
H. Jenkinson x Chardwar) and €. Robert
Paterson (F. M. Ogilvie x Eurvbiades), 8
erand hybrid. Good: Catileyas 1፤1(111([111::- some
specially tine white forms were also shown.
Messrs. STU ላዚፐ Low AND Co. Jurvisbrook.
SUISSE NS reeemved a Silver Baaksian
an exeellent sroup of Qilontozlossums,
Orlontiocias. Cattleyas, ete. CGood specimens
of Cyanbiaditinis were. staged at the back.
thie the violet scented
[).-.|(|[፤)])፤||!111ጊ| aureum was noted
Messrs 4. and M MeBravss
aoooNSelwer Banksin Medal
finely hybrids. the
were new Cattleya

and (1111()11:: Species

were aworded

for a

best of
Caroline

group ol
which
and C

SPON |1
their

Medal for

CHRONICLE, 117

‘Trianae J. Gurney Fowler, a grand rose-
coloured flower with large purple lip, and
which 14 one of the finest forms of the
spectes. It has previously. received an
Award. | Among the Odontoglossums were

many finely coloured. hybrids and à specimen

of O. Pescatoret with a six-branched
spike.
OTHKR EXHIBITS.
Bakon Sir H. NecngopbEkR, The Dell Park.

Englefield Green (gr. Mr. J. E. Shill), showed
a stand of the fine typical Calanthe Baron
Schroder with. spikes of thirty to forty rose
and purple. flowers and all differing widely
from the white. form he showed at the. lust
meeting. Sir JEREMIAH COLMAN, Bt.. Gatton
Park, Surrey (gr. Mr. Collier), showed the
tine Cymbidium Erin (Gattonense x grandi-
florum) with a fine spike of large emerald-

green flowers, the white lip bearing crimson
spotting > and a selection of his. pretty

Laecho-Cattleva Champagne, with flowers. yellow
and-copper red with purple hp of varying
shades.

R. GERRISH, Esq.. Milford Manor, Salisbury
(pr. Mr. Sorrell), seat his finely coloured
Odontoglossum Leander which had previously
beea given an award, but was now in
Improved condition. the rich; violet- purple
of the flowers being well displayed by the white
margin and base. G. F. Moorr, Esq. (ur.
Mr. Page) showed several fiae Cypripediums.

Floral Committee.

Section A. —Present: Messrs. 11. B. May
(in the Chair), J. F. MeLeod, Arthur Turner,
H. J. Jones, dA. M. Bridgeford, Donal

Allan. W.
Allwood, G.

Howe, E. R. Janes. M. C.
W. Leak, J. B. Ridine. F

Streeter, F. G. Cousins, W. B. Gingell, 1).
[Inzamells, D. B. Crane, and. W. P.
Thoinson.

Section B. - Present: Messrs. Gerald B.
Loder ün the Chair) James Hudson. G.
Reuthe. George Harrow. E. H. Wilding.
W. B. Cranfield, A. Bedford, Rezimald Cory,
E. A. Bowles R. D. Trotter, A. Wilhams,
F. J. Preston, 6. Yeld, Amos Perry, R. W.
Wallace, TF. Hay, R. €. Noteutt, and
(larenec Elliott.

FIRST-CLASS CERTIFICATE.
Prunus Amygdalus praccoe, -A robust. and

well-flowered branch of this early-flowerine

Almond was — shown. It usually flowers
about a fortnight earlier than the spectcs,
and is 81530 sometimes grown as Prunus
Amygdalus — persicoides. Shown by the
DingnrcToR, Royal Gardens, Kew.

AWARDS OF MERIT.

(Galanthus hyzantinus. =- A large-flowered
Snowdrop of uncommon appearance. Fhe

broad, green leaves have pale green chacunels.

The spreading floral segments are cupped
and fairly substantial. The perianth is
relatively small, well-formed, and white
variably imarked with green. Shown. by
C. CT. MusGrave. ]:፡1.. Hascombe Place,
Godalmin:z.

Freesia © Lemon Queen. — A desirable
coloured Freesia ^ of good size. The well
disposed spike is made up of large flowers

with pointed segments which are lemon colour

splashed with pale orange. The blooms are
pleasantly fragrant. Shown. by the Rev.
JOSEPH JACOB.

Freesta Orange Kingi ---1ከር blooms are
much more. fragrant than is usual in the
coloured variety, and added to its delicious

fragrance 15 well-rounded form, good size aud rich

colouring, Shown by the Rev. JOSEPH
JACOB.

Prunus pseudo erasus—Fhe ehief garden
valne of this hardy tree lies in its earliness

of flowering, though it is not nearly so
showy as the Almonds. The somewhat con-
vested braneh oa show was not in the best
condition. but apparently the Cominittee was
acquainted with 9t at tts very best hence the
award. Shown from the University Boranic
GARDENS. Cambridge.

118

Salix cinerea Mendemit. --- A decorative
variety of the Grey Willow. The shoots
‘were freely studded with large, silky catkins,
ind apart from its value to the planter, it
makes a handsome cut shrub for house
decoration. Shown by the Drrectror. Royal
Gardens, Kew.

GROUPS.

Mr. L. R. RUSSELL staged an interesting
collection of Nepenthes, suspended over other
interesting stove plants. Such Nepenthes as
Henryana, Morganae, formosa, Sanderiana,
mixta and rufrescens were especially well
* pitehered." "There were also several Anthu-
riums, Franciseea calycina, Azalea indica
varieties and plants of Prunus triloba.
(Silver Banksian Medal). :

Carnations of good quality and in goodly
quantity wero shown by Messrs. ALLWOOD
Bros., who included several vases of mixed
varieties of their perpetual border hybrids,
and Topsy, Laddie, Edward Allwood of the
greenhouse perpctual-flowering sorts. amongst

which was also a vase of Butterfly, a new
fancy variety noteworthy chiefly for its
uncommon claret coloured markings. (Silver

Banksian Medal). Mr. C. ENGELMANN showed
Red Laddie, Donald, Mrs. Hamilton Fellows
and other useful varieties. (Bronze Banksian
Medal) Adjoining their Carnations, Messrs.
STUART Low AND Co, staged well-flowered
plants of Camellias, Acacias, Cyelamens, and

other greenhouse plants. (Silver Bankstan
Medal).

A number of well grown plants of frilled
varieties o£ the Caledonian strain of green-
house Cyclamen were agam shown by Mr.

J. W. FonsvTH. and on the present occasion
the ordinary type of flower. was represented.

These all illustrated. desirable strains and
first-rate cultivation. (Silver-Gilt Banksian
Medal).

Although not extensive the groups of forced

Roses were welcome and interesting. Mr.
Beisa J. Hicks included goodly vases of
Climbing Lady Hillingdon, Isobel, Clovelly,
Coral Cluster. and Rosa Hugonis. (Nilver
Banksian Medal). Mr. GEeorGE PRINCE showed
the old favourite Fortunes Yellow, Padre,
làmily Gray, and Victoria; the last named

variety is most. delightfully fragrant (Bronze
Banksian Medal).

Rhododendrons from the open, shown by
Messrs. R. Ginn AND. Sons. included. many
trusses of R. Cornubia and seedlings of R.
arboreum. They also. showed flowers of
Hippeastrum aulicum and Primula The Jewel
(Nilver Banksian Medal).

The exhibits of alpine
separate collections or in
hardy shrubs, were fairly
generally of considerable interest.
CHEAL AND Sons had a pleasant
ment appropriately planted (Silver Banksian
Medal) Messrs. WM. CUTBUSH AND SON had
a low rockwork arrangement, merging into a

plants, either as
association with
numerous, and
Messrs. J.
arrange-

bright shrubbery, which included — Wistaria
sinensis, Azalea mollis, and A. indica varieties,
while in the rock garden were various

Crocuses and dwarf Japanese Azaleas (Silver
Ranksian Medal). Mr. H. HEMSLEY associated
geveral Hellebores and various shrubs with
alpines (Silver Banksian Medal). while Mr.
G. RrEevTHEÉ had his customary collection of
uncommon shrubs and alpines (Silver Banksian
Medal). i

Viola gracilis, a protty little double-flowered
Daisy, Rhododendron Nobleanum, and the
graceful purple-flowered Sisyrinchium grandi-
florum wero shown by Messrs. WATERER,
Sons AND Crisp (Silver Banksian Medal).
Saxifrages of such as 8. Burseriana varieties.
S. kestoniensis, and 8. koewensis, Iris
reticulata and Primula Juliae were shown by
Messrs. R. TUCKER AND Sons (Silver Banksiun
Medal. Mr. G. GŒ. WHITELEGG displayed
various shrubs of value for the rock garden,
including many dwarf Japaneso Azaleas and
alpines (Silver Banksian Medal).

Excellent batches of [ris reticulata and 1.
reticulata Cantab. were arranged with dwarf
Lavender by the Rev. H. ROLLO-MEYER

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

(gr. Mr. T. P. lzzards) Walton
Hertford (Silver Banksian Medal).

Bronze Banksian Medals were awarded to
Messrs. BAKER's for shrubs, including Vibur-
num Carlesii, Rhododendron praecox, and
alpines; to Messrs. BARR awND Sons for a
delightful collection of spring shrubs and
border flowers. Narcissus Cyclamineus. Irises,
Polyanthuses, Crocuses, and Anemones were
all of value; to Messrs. CARTER PAGE AND
Co. for Crocus Susianus. Cyclamen Atkins
album and other hardy varieties, Muscari,
and early Iris; to Messrs. PRICHARD AND
Sons, who showed a low rockery planted
with Ericas, Saxifrages. Primulas. and other
spring flowers; to Mr. F. G. Woop, who
also made an interesting rock garden; to
Messrs. 'SKELTON AND KIRBy, whose group
included Prunus Pissardii; to Mr. G. A.
MILLER for à charming collection of his
well-known Polyanthuses, Blue Primroses. and
Narcissus Golden Spur; and to Miss HEATH-

Rectory,

COTE for a large collection of fresh and
fragrant Violets.
An exceedingly interesting collection of

flowers of many Crocus species was arranged
by 15. A. Bow Les, Esq. Middleton House,
Waltham Cross (Silver Lindley Medal).

A useful group of bulbs grown in bowls
of fibre was arranged by Messrs. R. H.
Bartu. LTD. Various Hyacinths, Tulips,
Naretssi, Crises. and Croeuses, all displaying
sood, sound bulbs and skilful — cultiva-
tion. Messrs. NHEPPARDS Lro.. showed a
small group of Crocuses planted in fibre
and backed by low-growing Conifers. Messrs.

REAMSBOTTOM AND Co. staged a good collection
& !

of Anemone St. Brigid, and the — Misses
Hopkins had a small rockery with early

Tulips and other flowers.

Besides the floral exhibits there were paint-
ings of flowers and garden scenes of much
more than average merit. Miss Willmott
showed some forty or fifty paintings of Cape
Pelargoniums, drawn by Mr. Champion Jones.
These were noteworthy both as faithful
representations and for delicacy of treatment.
Miss M. Walters Anson had a number of
puintings of Orchid blooms which found much
favour with the experts and charmed others.

Narcissus and Tulip Committee.

Present: Messrs. B. ላ. Bowles (in the
Chair), G. Churcher, W. Poupart, G. W.
Leak, Rollo Meyer, Alfred W. White, F. H.
Chapman, J. W. Jones, W. B. Crantield,

G. Monro and Robert W. Ascroft (Hon. Sec.).

This Committee had little
A Bronze Banksian Medal was awarded to
Messrs. Bath for an exhibit of Daffodils,
and the members agreed that a letter of
sympathy be sent to the relatives of the
late Mr. J. K. Ramsbottom.

Fruit and Vegetable Committee.

Present: Messrs. C. G. A. Nix (Chairman),
W. Poupart, H. 8. Rivers, P. C. M. Veitch,
Geo. F. Tinley, H. V. Taylor, S. B. Dicks,
W. Giles, E. Laxton, F. Jordan, A. Bullock,
E. Neal, Ed. Beckett, J. C. Allgrove. H.
Markham, W. H. Divers, A. Metcalfe, and
Jos. Cheal.

Messrs. SUTTON AND SONS were awarded
a Silver-gilt Knightian Medal for a collection
of vegetables. The quality of the various
kinds exhibited was very good for a February
show, and they included some remarkably
fine Onions, the biggest of which were of
the Selected Ailsa Craig varicty. Other sorts
of Onions shown were A.l, Brown (Cilobe ;
these also were exceedingly good; Ailsa
Craig. Main Crop, Improved Reading, Long
Keeping, and Bedfordshire Champion. Carrots
were represented by excellent roots of New
Red Intermediate, Matchless, Scarlet Champion
Horn. and Early Gem. Other root crops
included were Tender and True Parsnips
and Celeriac. In the centre of the exhibit
was a group of variegated Kales, and these
gave a touch of colour to the collection.
Baskets of Golden Ball Lettuces and some
splendid Seakale of the Ivory White variety
were also worthy of mention.

work to do.

FEBRUARY 14. 1925.

Messrs. DoBBIE AND Co. were awarded a
Silver Knightian Medal for an exhibit of
Kales, Leeks, and Onions. International
Prizetaker Leeks were of outstanding size

and quality; others of the Lyon variety
were also very good. There were big, sound

bulbs of Ailsa Craig and Golden Globe
Onions.
Messrs. GEORGE BUNYARD AND Co, LTD.,

were awarded a Silver-gilt Hogg Medal for a
collection of Apples, the various kinds being
all of remarkably fine quality. They included

such useful late sorts as Orleans Reinette,
Gascoyne's Scarlet Seedling. Striped Beefing,
Bismarck, Christmas Pearmain, Brownlee’s

Russet, King's Acre Pippin, Sturmer Pippin,

and Sandringham.

Messrs. T. RIvERS AND Son showed an
exhibit of Oranges, but their exhibit was
not so imposing as usual, owing to there

being no space on the floor to display the
large pot trees which they are accustomed
to exhibit. There were, however, many
smaller trees of such sorts as Bittencourt
Nt. Michaels, Telde St. Michael's, Nonpareil
St. Michaels, Malta Oval, and Excelsior ;
also the Grape Fruit and Citrus me lica, all
these trees bearing ripe fruits. Of the gathered
fruits the most notable were Silver (Plata)
Orange, a thin-skinned, small variety, but of
excellent flavour and full. of juice; Long
Orange, and Naval. (Nilver-gilt Hogg Meaal.)
Mr. .J. €. ALLGROVE showed the very
riehly-flavoured Pear Mrs. Neden, which was
raised from Bergamotte Esperen crossed with
Seekle. The flavour is exceptionally good,
although the fruits are not of. very imposing
appearance, and rather on the small side.

ANNUAL MEETING.

Lorp LaMBourNE presided at the Annual
Meeting held in the Lecture Room at 3
o'clock, and he was supported by the other
members of the Council. After the minutes
of the preceding annual meeting had been
read and one hundred and sixty-five new
Fellows elected, Lord Lambourne presented
the annual report. He stated that he had
very great pleasure in moving the adoption
of the report, which gave some idea of the
enormous amount of work carried out by
the Council during the past year. It
showed, as a concern, great prosperity, and
the Fellows were shareholders getting divi-
dends past belief. The Council was still
busy and likely to be with the question of
the new hall, which was proving a thorny
and = difficult) subject. They wero fully
aware of the inconvenience the present build-
ing caused to the Fellows, and the Council
intended to have, with the least possible
delay, a hall worthy of London and of
those who will go there. There was a new
idea in connection with the proposed Hall,
and that was to change the present R.H.S.
Hal for the building erected by the Office
of Works as & museum; and this would
leave the whole of the vacant land avail-
able for the erection of a very large Hall.

He was aware that opinion was divided
in regard to keeping Chelsea Show open for
five days and traders, especially Orchid
growers, whose plants would necessarily be
exposed for five days, had serious objections.
whilst there was also the great extra expense
to the R.H.S. to be considered, and only
time will prove whether the new venture is
a suecess or not. The Council had conceived
the idea of holding an amateur show with
the special object of meeting the wishes of
those who wanted to seo more amateur
exhibits. ‘There were some, he was aware, who
thought a larger hall might be engaged for
this special show, but this also was in the
nature of an experiment and they would see
whether circumstances warranted the very
great expense which would be entailed by
going elsewhere.

They parted from the three members or!
the Council with deep regret, for all had done
veoman service for the Royal Horticultural
Society; they included Mr. Reginald Cory, u

FEBRUARY l4, 1925.

very generous benefactor to horticulture
and one who was of the greatest use
on the Council and a most regular attend-
ant: Mr. Gerald Loder, who also was a

regular attendant and made a careful examina-
tion of all questions brought before the
Council; he would like specially to refer to
the valuable services he had rendered in con-
nection with the Library Committee. The
third retiring member was Mr. James
Hudson, who had served for twenty-five
vears as a member of the Council. They
all regretted his departure, for he was of a
kindly nature, conciliatory, and possessed a
valuable knowledge of practical gardening,
so that his opinion had been most. valuable

and he could assure them that Mr. Hudson
lett with the good wishes of all his

colleagues.

Lord Lambourne stated that. the work. of
the Council was getting extremely heavy
and that there was much. before. them in
the future. He called on the. Treasurer, Sir
William Lawrence, to give some particulars
of the finances.

Nir William started by paying a great

compliment to Mr. Frank Header, the cashier,
whom he said was one of the most devoted
servants the Society possessed. He was also
pleased to know that Mr. Harper, Senr.. the
Auditor, was with them again. With reference
to the accounts he stated that at the end
of 1923. they were. enabled to put. £15,000. to
the reserve fund. This year he was glad to
say they had also placed. a similar sum to
reserve, and in addition they had increased
their capital account by building cottages at
Wisley at a cost of £4,200, of which a ceon-
siderable amount was provided. for in last
vears payments; they also held a mortgage
on the Secretary's house. He was glad to
say that the profits of Chelsea Show were
more than in 1923, and they lost less on
account of the Holland Park show. The
Society expended over £400 in prizes in
connection with the special fruit show.
Receipts from hall lettings had diminished,
due to Wembley exhibition and other causes.
They had, said Sir William, some very heavy
expenditure to meet in the future at Wisley
in connection with certain measures of re-
construction. of the administration. there and
in connection also with the memorial to the late
secretary (later in the afternoon it was stated
the memorial would take the form of a new
pair of hammered iron entrance gates with
suitable supporting columns in masonry). With
egard to the new Hall if they were enabled to
carry out their proposed scheme of exchange
it would be twice the size of the present
one. They had £63,000 available in the
general reserve fund. to. expend on the Hall,

and also some £7,000 from the depreciation
account of the present one, which would
make a total of £70,000 available for the
building. 11. was impossible, he said, to
vive an accurate estimate of the cost of

the new building, but it would be somewhere
about £100,000, and there would be a ground
rental of £1,200 a year to meet. Sir William

seconded the adoption of the report. and
before any comment was made the Chair-
man called on Mr. Cuthbertson to make a

statement on the new policy at Wisley.

Mr. W. Cuthbertson then presented his
statement. He said:—-* Two years ngo a

vood deal of criticism of the Wisley Garden
appeared in the press and | endeavoured to
answer some of it from this platform. 1

remember the work of the Society was not
challenged at that. annual meeting, and |]
further remember that my colleagues and
| on the Wisley Committee were wis:
enough not to accept. the lack of vocal
eriticisn as a vote of confidence. The
scheme of work under which we have been
working at Wisley was adopted by the
Council in 1914 -Professor Nir 1. Bayley
Balfour and Sir F. W. Keeble were largely
responsible for it. A few vears ago new
blood began to flow regularly juto the
Council under an arrangement whieh has

THE GA RDENERS' CHRONICLE.

never been made public. That arrangement
is this--it was agreed among ourselves that
retiring Members of Council should not be

eligible for re-election for one year. New
Members of a Council usually think it is
their duty to. ^get a move on. I did so
in my time. Naturally some of them
turned their eyes 10 Wisley.. After. ten
Vears it was quite proper to suggest that
the policy at Wisley should be examined.
About a year ago a Commission was ap-
pointed to. report. on the scientifie work
being done there. That Commission con-
sisted of three well-known men of science —
Dr. Bateson, Professor Farmer and Mr.
A. D. Cotton. In due time they reported
to the Council pointing. out what they
considered some defects in our system and

suggesting where alterations and improve-
ments in our working poliey were desirable.
When that report came before the Council
it was remitted for detailed consideration to
a special sub-committee of the Council --1
will give you the names as they should
inspire confidence - -Nir Wm. Lawrence, the
Treasurer (Chatrman) Mr. E. A. Bowles,
Mr. €. Nix, Mr. H. B. May. Mr. E. Bun-
vard, Mr. C. Musgrave. and myself, as Chairman
of the Wisley Committee, with Dr. Hill,
Director of Kew, as adviser and consultant.

The that
special committee to include the work of
the Garden and enable. it to consider
Wisley as a whole. That Committee reported
recently and their. report. was unanimously
adopted by the Council. [ts recommendations
are now in process of being carried out after
consultation with the Director, Mr. Chittenden,
who only on one point disagreed with the
report, otherwise he is as anxious as any of
us to increase the value and importance of
Wisley.

The Balfour-Keeble policy of 1914 is not
altered except 11 so far as their views of
research work in the laboratory are modified.

Council. widened the reference to

It is felt. that. at present the duty of the
Royal Horticultural Society at Wisley is to
be a little less ambitious in its scientific

aims than the 1914 programme foreshadowed.

while still keeping before it the idea of
‘making Wisley the foremost Horticultural
Institution in. the world. 1 believe it is
that to-day. Two new appointments will
shortly be made under what 1 may call the
1925 revision. The Director will in future

be more like the head of any great establish.
ment (business, university, or otherwise), and
to relieve. him. and we believe make for
greater efficiency, a head. of the Laboratory
will be appointed and a head of the Garden.
If these new men are what they should be
it is proposed that they get a very great
amount of freedom within their own depart-
ments. The programme of work wil ከር
arranged with the Director and. approved by
the Committee on behalf of the Council, and
it will be the new men's duty to carry it
out and get results of which the Director
and the Society will be proud.

One great change was brought about a
year ago in the method of working the
Wisley Committee. Previously the Committee
used to go round the garden on their monthly
visit as a full Committee, just as the Council
goes round the big shows to view the exhibits.
You know how that is done. The tour
round the Garden was done in exactly the
same way. The director was leader and a
few, three or four, keen men kept close in
touch with him, but the other two-thirds of
the Committee came along after. in a go-as-
vou-please style. T made a remark two years

ago that *vou could not garden by a
committer’ and that is a perfectly correct.
statement. A year ago the Wisley Committee
of about twenty was divided into five Nub-
Committess wao now go to special sections
of the Garden under a chairman who carries
a notebook. ‘Tne entries in these notebooks
are brought before the full Committee after
lunch, and are in nine casos out of ten
approved, initintléch by the Chairman, and

119

passed to the Director for attention at the
proper time.

I have referred to certain. names as giving
the Fellows confidence. Let me give you
the names of the members of these sub-
committees : -—(1) Rock garden: Messrs.
Bowles, Hanbury, Musgrave ; (2) Shrub,
wood, and wild garden : Messrs. Cory, Loder,
and = McLaren: (3) Fruit and vegetable ;
Messrs. Nix. Lobjoit, Bunyard, and Jordan ;
(4) Herbaceous ground and Roses Messrs.
May. Dykes, Bilney, and Sir W. Lawrence :

(5) Laboratory: Dr. Hill, Dr. Rendle, aud
Sir W. Lawrence. Mr. Nix ìs largely
responsible for the farm management, in

conjunction with the Director.

There is an innovation proposed which 1
hope to see carried out next year in con-
nection with the School of — Horticulture.
Many of us have thought that some
provision should be made for lads who

have served an apprenticeship to practica
gardening. They are usually the sons of
people who cannot afford to send them
to Wisley. The new proposal is that a
beginning should be made with five such

lads. if they can be found, who would work

for a living wage in the garden for two
vears and have the advantages of the
classes and lectures whieh would help them
in their future career as gardeners. — Practical
gardeners, enlightened by science and inter-
ested im the literature of their trade, are
the great need of the day. The other day
a remark was made to me by a compara-
tively new member of our Council —Mr.
Bunyard. He said: * [t is an undoubted

honour to sit on the Council of the R.H.S.,
but it is a work of renunciation’ I entirely
agree with Mr. Bunyard.

I could speak of many other things about
the work at Wisley, but time will not
permit. I think the Council should take the
Fellows more into its confidence at the annual
meeting (that. of course, is 8. personal
opinion). If I was a dictator, I should put
up the Chairman of every Committee to tell
you in a five minutes’ speech about the
work of his Committee. Let the interest in
all the Societys work be widened. The
future of the R.H.S. is largely bound up
with two things- ts fortnightly meetings and
its great shows, and Wisley. At Wisley a
large portion of our annual income is spent,
and its future will yield a rich harvest of
honour to the Society if the policy of 1914,
which ከ88 just been reviewed and largely
confirmed, is carried out wisely, and the
balance is held fairly between the many
phases of horticulture. In due time 1 believe
its work must be extended to include. one
or more sub-stations in the north.

A word about ourselves. In all our
working let there be frankness, let there be
as little intriguing as possible-—though a little

is sometimes necessary, no doubt —but the
Committee and the Council rooms are the
places in which to thrash out problems of

policy, and if this is done with a single
eye to advance the interests of British horticul-
ture, we need have no anxiety about the future
of the Society or Wisley."'
The Rev. J. Jacob stated
glad to learn from the
new policy of the Council
Fellows into their

that he was
President that the

was to take the
confidence, and for that
reason he proposed that they should have
a special Autumn General Meeting when
they could. give the Council a little fatherly
advice. He had one serious criticism to
make, and that was that the Council does
not apparently possess the confidence of the
judges who are appointed at the shows, for
their decisions are open to ከኮ upset. by the
Council. He appealed to them to. appoint
judges whom they would have every confi-

dence in and then there would be no need
to upset. their decisions.

Mr. Brunton said he was glad 10 know
from Mr. Cuthbertson’s speech that there
was a move to get in touch with northern
horticulturists, and he proposed that they
have a conference with some of the north-

120

ern horticultural societies,
could be better achieved.

The chairman reminded the Rev. J. Jacob
that a general meeting of Fellows could be
called at any time and with regard to Mr.
Brunton’s question he stated that they had
already appointed a committee to deal with
the question of northern trial grounds.

Lord Lambourne said he would like to take
the opportunity to propose that a vote of
sympathy be sent from the meeting to the
heir of Lord Grenfell, whose death they all
regretted. This was unanimously agreed to.

The next proceedings were the presentation
of the Victorian Medals of Honour, the
Veitch Memorial Medals and the Cory Cups.

A member proposed that one of the
fortnightly meetings should be held at Wisley
and excursions arranged so that a greater
number of Fellows would have an opportunity
of seeing the Society's— Gardens. The
suggestion apparently did not appeal to the
meeting.

In proposing a
Lambourne, Mr.
small amount of
Fellows had
Council for

to see how this

vote of thanks to Lord
R. Wallace stated that the
criticism showed that the
the fullest confidence in the
which reason he urged therm
to go ahead with the subject of the new
Hall and to build one worthy of the Roval
Horticultural Society and of British horti-
culture.

Obituary.

J. K. Ramsbottom.—It is with inexpresstble
sorrow we record the tragic and untimely
death of our highly-esteemed colleague,
Mr. J. K. Ramsbottom, Assistant Managing
Editor of The Gardeners’ Chronicle. 1n
our issue of January 31, just as he was
sailing for the United States, we published
his portrait, together with a brief account
of the work he had accomplished, especially
in connection with the control of the Narcissus
eelworm. We have little to add to that
appreciation. He left us a little more than
a fortnight ago in the highest of good spirita,
and was looking forward to his mission with
great pleasure and interest. By his death
the horticultural world ከ88 lost a brilliant
and useful young man, who, at the age of
thirty-three years had his feet firmly set:
upon the ladder of fame and success. For
a long time to come his many friends will
sadly miss his cheery ways and charming
personality. Death occurred as the result
of injuries received from a fall from a high
window in a New York hotel. We offer
our deepest sympathy to his — sorrowing.
widowed mother, sister, and three brothers,
to whom the loss has come with appalling
suddenness. Our own loss is so grievous
that we cannot yet fully comprehend it.

GARDENING APPOINTMENTS.

Mr. F. E. Hare, M.B.E. previously Gardener for
eighteen years at Blyth Hall, Coleshill, Warwickshire,
as Gardener and Steward to SIR ALEXAN DER MAGUIRE,
Hoole Hall, Chester.

Mr. F. J. Bright, previously Gardener at Marylands,
Bentley, Hampshire. as Gardener to LADY YATWYTH,
Sandhurst Lodge, Wellington College Station, Berk-
shire.

Mr. B. G. Newnes, for the past two years "uM
to COLONEL LOWTHER, D.S.O., at "Wilton Castle,
Redcar, Yorkshire, as Gardener to to Mrs. B. MEAKIN,
at Senbridge Hall. Newcastle, Staffordshire.

CATALOQUES RECEIVED.

Seeds.

ነ Western Road, Brighton.

JAMES AND GEO. H. MATTHEWS, Harold Wood, Essex.
KAY AND ('()., 3, Goodmayes Road. Goodinayes, Essex.

J. FORRES, LTD.. Buccleuch Nurseries, Hawick, Scotland.
WM. POWER AND ( '0., Waterford.

MORLE AND ('በ., LTD., 150, Finchley Road, N.W.

CHAS. TILLEY. 117,

FISHER, SON AND SIBRAY,
Farm Seeds.

SUTTON AND SONS, Reading.—Farm seeds.

MORLE AND €o. 15) Finchley Road, N.W.— Liliums,
Begonias, Azaleas, ete,

LTD., Handsworth, Shefticld.—

THE

MARKETS.

COVENT GARDEN, Tuesday, February 10, 1935.
Plants in Pots, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.
(All 48's except where otherwise stated).

Adiantum 8. d. 8. d. 8. 0.8. d.
cuneatum Cyrtomium . 10 0-15 0
per doz. $5 id — hoe me lanthera, MSN
elegans ... .3 "8, per doz. ... 2

Aralia Bleboldii... 9 0-10 0 , — —€0's, per doz. 8 0-10 0

Araucarias, per ' Hyacinths, in

oz. TA .. 90 0-42 0 nite pink and
Asparagus plu- Mom blue, per doz.
— eee 12 0-18 0 — ቹ — — 30-40
i pix arguerites,
Aspidistra, green 30 0-60 0 48's, per doz. 18 0-30 0

N ephrolepis, in

lenium, per
variety ... ... 12 0-18 0

OZ. s ... 12 0-18 0

—32's ... 24 0-30 0 —32's . .. 24 0-36 0
—Tnidus ... ... 12 0-15 0 Palms, Kentia ... 30 0-48 0
Cacti, r tray, —60's . 15 0-18 0
—12'8, 15's . 50-70 Pteris, in variety 10 0-15 0
Crotons, per doz. 30 0-45 0 —large 60's . 50-60
Cyclamen — —small . 10-50
—32’s " , 36 0-48 0 —72's. per tray
— 18's . 24 0-30 0 of 15's . 26-30
REMARKS.—Large quantities of flowers are arriving
from Guernsey and Seilly in good condition, and they
meet with a fair demand. This is also tru». of the
consignments of flowers from Freneh growers. In the
English market. there is a big display of Tulips 1]
numerous Varieties, ineluding excellent blooms of W.
Copland, Farncombe Sanders. Tea Ros. and Clara
Butt. Richmond Roses are coming more freely, but it
will be a week or two before the new crop of other
Varieties is: marketed. Arum Lilies. also Lilium longi-

Horum (Harrisii), have fallen in. Value during the past
few days. Amongst foliage plants, Maidenhair Fern has
been the shortest supply for some time past.

Vegetables : Average Wholesale Prices.

s. d. 8.1. s. d. s. d.
Beans, 5 Greens, per bag... 10-20
per ኪ. ... 2 6-፻0 Horseradish, per
a orthing .. 00-70 bundle ... .. 20-2
—Madeira, per , Leeks, per dos.
box wat 30-60 | — dors : 8 3 6
5 | Lettuce, per ozen 20
Bet percent, is M00 | Dudes dome 50 30
Canary Island | Mushrooms, cups 20-30
Tomatos ..14 0-20 0 | —broilers... 1 3- 1 9
doz. : 20-40 | ቹርየ case .. 14 0-16 0
Forced Mint, per ' Parsuips, per ewt. 4 0- 6 0
doz. 10-10 9 Potatos, Canary
Celery, best, washed. Island, per case 12 0-14 0
r bundle 20-30 —Spring crop ... 16 0-20 0
cond 0፡08 atatoa, per ton—
* » —Dunbar .. 230 0-240 0
EE. pr UR ae aes —King Edward 210 0-240 0
C ueumbers, each 20-36 . yN de q ተ -0 ar
Dutch Onions... 10 0-12 0 | Rhubarb, Forced.
Endive, per doz. 20-30 ' per doz... "29-26
Batavia, per doz. 3 0- 3 6 | Savoys, per tally 76-126
English — . Seakale, per pun-
—Finest ... 70-0 | net 20-206
— Best 10-50 Spinach, per bushel 3 0- 4 0
French Asparagus— Sproute, bag 30-40
—Paris Green 70-16 Sweet Potatos 30- 40
—Lauris ... 8 0-10 0 Turnips, per cwt. 4 0-5 6

REMARKs.—<A little more briskness has been noticeable
during the past week. many subjects moving with more
freedom. Cape fruits have gone out well, the Peaches,
Apricots, Plums, and Pears being generally in good
condition. English hothouse Grapes are still popular in
spite of the competition with choice fruits from South
Africa. The Apple trade is not quite so good. only first
grade fruits are really wanted, medium and small Apples,
either home grown or imported, are a slow trade. Forced
Beans from Worthing are rather more plentiful, but still
selling at high prices. Hothouse Potatos are meeting
a good reception. Mushrooms have been arriving in
larger quantities and prices are easier. Cucumbers show
some increase [n quantity, but «quotations are firm.
Madeira Deaus have arrived. in better condition, but
prices are lower. Forced Asparagus is cheaper owing to
competition with French-grown Asparagus. Trade in old
Potatos remains steady with ample supplies on offer.

GLASGOW.

THE wintry weather of the past week had a depressing
iufluence on markets. Supplies in each section were well
maintained, but the quieter feeling in the retail trade was
reflected in the amaller turnover, and, as a natural
consequence, prices moved downwards and made little. or
no recovery towards the close.

Cut. flowers were cheap and business was very quiet,
particularly on Thursday. Tulips declined to 6d. and 9d.
per buneh, but the following prices represent a fair average
for the week :--- Bartagon, 1'- to 1 6 for 6's; Coplands and
This, 10d. to 1 3; Murillo, Prince of Austria, and Flamingo.
90. to 1/2; Haarlam, 1/- to 12* Tea Rose, Sd. to 1:
Voorbank, 1/- to 1-4. and Couronne d'Or, 101. to 1.6.
Datfodils were offered in fine condition, but. Golden spur

only made from 12 - to 14- per doz. bunches: King
Alfred, 18'- to 24'-: M. J. Berkeley, 14'- to 10'-: Pearl
White, 5/- to 7 -: Ornatus, 8- to 12-: Pheasant's Eve.
9'-, and Narcissus, 9 = to 10'-. White, pink, and blue

Hyacinths varied from 7d. to 1 - per bunch, Lilac, 3'-'to 6 -
doz. sprays; Lilium Harrisii, 107. to 12- per bunch, and
Arums, 4 6 to 66 per dozen. Carnations declined ‘from
6d. to 1/- per dozen, medium blooms being 2/- to 2'6 and
specials 3'8, Prunus averaged from 1'6 to 2' per bunch

GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

FEBRUARY 14, 1925.
English Vivicts, 01. to 1,0, French Violets, 2/-; Mimosas.

8› to 6/- per cane; Snowdrops, 1/- per doz. bunches :

Smilax, 1/6 to 2/-, and Asparagus, 1/- to 1/6. Pot plant
were firm. Hyacinths at 2/- each, Daffodils, 1/6 to 5/'-, and
Azaleas, 3/6.

The marked falling off in the imports of Apples had a
steadying effect on prices which were quotably unchanged.
ee to heavy arrivals of Oranges from Jaffa, Palermo,

Castillon, Burriana, and Valencia, values closely : approxi-
mated to pre-war levels. Cases of 300 and 360 sold at 9 -
to 106; 240, 11:6; 200, 12- to 13'-; 420 (large), 18 -, and
714, 10 -; Jaffas, 14,- to 16-, and Sunkist, 18,- to 20 -:
Mandarins 420, 06 to 15’-, and Murcia Lemons 300, 12 6
to 15-: Seville Bitter Oranges realised 18/-, and Palermo
11/. Winter Nelis Pears av eraged 32.-. Gros Colmar
Grapes remained steady at 2/9 to 4'- per Ib. for English
and 2,6 to 3/- per Ib. for Scotch.

An outstanding feature of the vegetable market was the
smart reaction in Onion prices. The scarcity which was
most pronounced in the last six weeks caused a materia
advance, but with the arrival of two cargoes and the
prospects of a third this week values again favoured
buyers, cases of 4's falling to 14 -, 6's to 146, and Dutch
to 11-- per bag. Large English Leeks brought 6/- per dozen
bundles. Spring Onions realised 7d. to 80. per bunch,
and Madeira Beans 7,- to 7;6 per box,

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

APPLES. PLUMS, AND CHERRIES FOR ÉESTHONIA :
A.J. It seems very unlikely that English
varieties. of these fruits will withstand vour
severe winters or be suitable for vour con-
ditions. If, however. you wish to make
the experiment, the following varieties.
named in order of ripening. should suit
your requirements : -Dessert Apples: Wor-
cester — Pearmain, James Grieve. Rival.
Allington Pippin,; Plums: Czar, Victoria,
Monarch; Cherries: Governor Wood, Kentish
Bigarreau, Bigarreau Napoleon. All of these

are first-class market varieties.
CORRECTION. Our attention has been drawn
to a printers error in our reference to

Messrs. Sutton and Son's Employees Pension
scheme on page 50. The retiring age should
be sixty-five years instead of _ fifty-six
years.

GALLS ON YEW SHoors: R. O. B. The
Yew shoots have been galled by the insect
Cecidomyia taxi. Such. galls are common on
Yew in many parta of the country, but
apart from their disfiguring effect they are
of little moment. for they do not seriously
injure the trees on which they occur. Biz
buds on Hazel are caused by Eriophyes
avellanae, an insect closely related. to the
Black Currant Mite. Eriophyes ribis.

NAMES OF PLANTS: C. B. 1, Cestrum elegans ;

2. Maranta bicolor; 3, Zebrina pendula :
4. Selaginella Watsonii. H. L.O. 1, Pteris
cretica variety ; 2 and 3. not recognised,
send when in flower: 4. Dracaena God-
seffiana ; 5. Euonymus latifolia argentea
variegata; 6. Euonymus latifolia aureo-
picta: 7, Abutilon Sawitzii: 8, decayed :
9. Androsace — species; 10, Opiopogan

Jaburan ; 1l.
G. E. D.

Pelargonium Lady Plymouth.
Leeds: 1. Cerasus lusitanica ፡

2. not recognised; 3. Daphne species:
4, Azalea species; 5, Genista species:
6. Statice latifolia. A. E. B. Ornithogalum
thyrsoides (Chinkerichec).

DISEASED PELARGONIUM Leaves: C. H. D.
No fungus disease was present on the
leaves. The spots suggest scalding, or

possibly a leaf miner, but the material was
too dried up to permit us to be definite
on this point.

VioLkET LeAvVES Diskasep: W. K. The
leaves are affected with Violet leaf spot.
caused by the fungus Ascochyta violae.
Very badly diseased plants should be
burned, and fresh stock obtained from a
new source. planting the runners in ground
as far away from the old bed as convenient.

The disease may be kept in cheek by
spraying the. plants with potassium sul-
phide at a strength of half an ounce in two
gallons of water. This specific turns white
paint black. and should not be allowed to
come in contact with painted woodwork.

መፍ ፎኑ HOT.
. W.—A ኸ.---7.

— H. W. — Reader. —
C.—H. €. B.—R. W.—T. C.—

ODS ah me ዮ<”

— PANA AEAEE VE ONNEN rion

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NT "Beeorative: Varieties . "et. T — “herduotion: i. ፡ e ow in
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Dátüloguca oF over gU. Yare E Senn. Y Plant SUNSHINE i in your Garden ነ

"its. “Begonias, finest danble = na tier
— single, in separate colours: Bordir. furabions, 07 BUY.

MAS 100 Exhibition. und. peddiuig: Varieties. Punsios, .

AH — eee Reads ou. beat FARES: —
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(occ tappe o GARDEN FRANES of “IDEAL”
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| WRITE OK. PRIC — Ts : = ; t eh. NNN should bà

CHRYSANTHEMUMS.. NEW NIE pea ያ

9 ORDERED

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A THE. ‘BEST AND
A CHEAPEST. |
5 SPECIAL. pots

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RICHARD SANKEY A SON. LTD

PES Royal Potteries’

| * _SULWELL. NOTTINGHAM.

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-~ Philox rethrurta.::° Violas -
Hardy: Harder and. Rock. Plants, Seeds, (etc:

O FREE QN APPLICATION. Nig
JOHN FORBES (Hawick) LIMITED

. The King’s ካህጠዉ HAWICK, SCOTLAND. መ Ne. 13) KIRTON, BOSTON, Lincs. - ROSE TREES
: d i Tn Letchworth. : 5 j
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RELI TABLE

~ LINCOLNSHIRE SEED POTATOES
— SELECTED . STOCKS. | - Sharpe's.
/Eapreas, Eclipse, Sir Joha Llewellyn, Britiab Quen,

ry, Ally
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“Wien wyiting, please aale quantity gawwi, tes

'ህህ ODENNIS A SONS, LTD.

Mans Rare and Choice Yaristiee. '

E AND GREENHOUSE PLANTS OF ለዚ KINDS. -

Kindly wend. dor Catalogue. .

Roll on and rolls €:
All shear 9:3 will $5 bl
Minter —

The: Howie ultiiral Directory 18 nar being PS

‘Grams: —— 2.4

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| PRIZES|

OTHE: GARDENERS" “CHRONIC LE cse

3 Horticultural Dir — c

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CHRONICLE, LTD 2 EROS
5. “Tavistock: Sta ey Coven’ iaden, MG a

| JAMES CYPHER ል. 5085.

Tempe Fortune Arcade, ier 88. u 1. |

E ARSA ‘CRAIG —

Bootie Paneer ian ፍቶች

v 41
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“BLACK. CURRANT BUSHES.

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rfRSf FHIZE di ÁAMHEORU,; RENT, SHOW, dnig, 1084)

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SCOTCH.

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| ተለ aes: Sundriess ‘Send: us 1, trial, order,
ei end: aur, gordening troubles:

- LEARMONT, 8 AUNT
13, Castle. Street, DUMFRIES,

STOVE à á GREENHOUSE PLANTS :

Arslias, ር Cratons, ‘Celudioms, Dracasnax, etc, all

4 kinds of Foliage, Flowering & Climbing Piante E

TV በዳት Ming o የና ላ utin WA fede -

L R. RUSSELL, LTD, 11
Horseries,. Richmond, Surrey. |

js 8 Richmond |

| NS Ie Pots that Drain
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IN NMANS
RUSTIC "WORK

"Surnraer Houses, Beata, Fences, ‘Arches, *e

"x RUSTIC WOOD FOR GARDENS. |
Royal Works, STRETFORD.

es be PURITY”

CHEMICAL MANURES

XX. per 35 - =
t m R B oO LI
ይሰ per cea TAR,

Compound Manure, ‘tor alt fine ያ
A OS RA fl Yid ens

HECKMONDWIKE. CHEMICAL € £o. 4.
ER ERM OWNERS Ag

i | ኦፐ the ‘first esirreet sijoi tapeka ዱክ Fe zZani Febri-

515085 SPECIAL OFFERS

T Conkinet. an: CIT

Va AL whey Tuc ፍጣ ውን M Faha:
GAT EL acc yon
Hf Ac new diment if ey TOTNES pisis

hiv, POMS o0 HWS era Wen 26 HOSE CEES,

for the second 24 ROST TREKY Anat hor HSM ዘዘየቧ b.

ROSE TR EBS UE
ACH. sahip. 7፡8] bis ይው ni caf inthis A AA
ara mak #ሠ/ዖ — gp etd ien i

Frank Cant & Co., , Baiswick Rose Gardens, Colehester | ee

“SWEET PEAS

COLLECTIONS: 6». በርኦር[0ህ

| NOVELTIES FLOWER and VEGETABLE, ‘BEOONTAS, ee

18 inr dh noe. difeabyated የፍክበዜ፥ Lu Wake:
“aplat oes p A asi

GEO. ELSOM -

| ነ ብክ |

d Dept-

| CHRYSANTHEMUMS

Ee (ካህ Nüvetty LiM now reads, or (፡ጾቦኽዩዮ8] Catalogi
^io beining the neweet and: chhitest, Yatietivs with’ ne
T3 hints 0n. édbure, sien the” heat ቀ811918% - in Perpethal«.
cc ሸዕ%ልየ10፳' 7568018008... E

“Rent. poak Tree ህከ “TEA TIGRE: to-:

— LUXFORD & M

Sheeting Nurseries; HARLOW, ESSEX,
“ው ለቢ st. መጻሽ በዘይ ብ Here L^

xii.

SITUATIONS VACANT. (Contd. from page iii.)

Y TANTED, UNDER-GARDENER, for

general Outside work, including shrubberies: not
under 24 years of age.—Apply E. NEAL, The Gardens,
Tilgate, Crawley, Sussex.

——

ANTED, — of February, experienced
UNDER-GARDENER for Kitchen Garden and
general outside work; good wages to suitable man.—
Apply GARDENER, Bryn Llewelyn, Festiniog, Merioneth.

——— ee

NSIDE FOREMAN W anted. must be
good Plantsman: wages 45/-, 5/- duty, and bothy.—
T. HITCH, The Gardens, Ince ማቸ near “Birkenhead.

We WORKING FOREMAN, In-

side; age about 28: state wages required with

bothy : referenc es.—M. NICHOLLS, The Gardens, St.
Clere, , Kemsing, near Sevenoaks,

b AC a first-class FOREMAN under

glass for a Nobleman's place in the Midlands.

to R. GREENFIELD, F.R.H.S.,, 61, Radford

no " Road, Leamington Spa.
V AT ANTED, active married MAN for
Houses: with knowledge of Carnations and

Chry. growing, Melons, Cucumbers, Indoor Peach culture,
also house decoration: attend Sundays ; age 30 to 35;
wages for all 43- per weck, four- roomed cottage near
work.—Apply with refs, home counties, jum D.
ROBERTSON, Mount Clare, Roehampton, S.W.

V YANTED, a thorough good MAN for

glasshouses, must have had good experience with
Orchid, stove and greenhouse plants, Carnations, Chrysants.,
fruit.— Please apply, with full particulars of experience, to
LEITH, Clyne Castle Gardens, Swansea, G Glam,

ANTED, Y 'OUNG MAN for Kitchen

Garden and Pleasure Grounds; wages 30 -, bothy,

duty.—H. BROOMFIELD, Ellisfield Manor Gardens,
Basingstoke, Ha Hants.

WANTED , experienced reliable MAN for
leasure grounds, must be well recommended ;
wages about 37 -, good cottage and garden and electric
light provided.—Apply, stating age, experience, with
copies of all testimonials, to LITTLE, Chapel Cleeve,
Washford, Somerset.

V ANTED,

GARDENER and WIFE, live
in; medium garden; small glass. Wife, cook-

general, private family (2). State ages and wages. Good

home suitable couple. ZIN, Canterbury Road, Margate.

( Y ARDENER "WORKING. single man

x preferred, one other kept, private place ; state

experience, etc.—KING & SONS, Prinsted Nursery,

Emsworth, Hants.

Y TANTED, thoroughly experienced GAR-
DENER, about 35, able take Lead Outside, with

knowledge of grafting: must be able to give instructions
to students; good wages and duty pay; house provided;
wife to undertake boarding of four studenta. — Ful

particulars, HEAD GARDENER, Lord Wandsworth
College, Long Sutton, Basingstoke. l
ANTED, good first JOURNEYMAN,
for Kitchen Gardens; 35/-, bothy, etc.; 5/-
extra for duty; to be recommended by Head Gardener.—
F. CAPP, 0806ከ Priory Gardens, Wakefield.
OURNEYMAN wanted for fruit and

e plant houses, 30/- weekly and lodgings found; please
state age, height and experience, with references, to
8. MELVILLE, Stonor Park Gardens, Henley-on- -Thames.

V TANTED, JOURNEYMAN. Inside, must
have good practical experience. Apply by letter

copies of references. Wages 38 - per week, bothy, an

attendance.—J. DINES, Downside, Leatherhead, Surrey.

V TANTED. JOURNEYMAN, Inside and
Out; state age, experience, wages raned with
bothy and attendance to—J. PITTS, Pett Place, Charing.
Y À TANTED, JOURNEYMAN for fruit
houses ; wage 32/-, duty 10° extra; good

bothy: attendance. — B. HEDGER, Glanusk Park
Gardens, Crickhowell, Breconshire.
ANTED, a capable JOURNEYMAN

Carnation grower, under foreman, must have had
similar charge before and be well recommended. Wages
35/- per week, 5- duty, bothy, milk, vegetables.—State
age, experience, and references to P. A. RANDALL,
Buckland Gardens, Bwlch,

WANTED. JOURNEYMAN,

Breconshire.

Inside, under

foreman ; good bothy, attendance, milk, vege-
tables ; duty 5/- pected, of references, when at liberty,
and wages expected, to J. H. LANE, Brougham
Gardens, Penrit
XV T ANTED, two IMPROVERS, to work
| Inside and Out.—State wages, with bothy., to
BISHOP, Duxbury Park Gardens, Chorley, Lancashire.

WANTED. IMPROV ER. Inside, duty every
fifth week: lodgings paid. Wages 28 - , and milk.—

eet GARDENER, Druidstone, St.

Cardiff,

Mellons, near

THE GARDENERS

— — — —— ee — —— —

EQUIRED, Two keen, intelligent YOUNG

| MEN, aged 19 to 20, for Inside and Out; bothy:
state wages and experience. —JEFFRIES, Hall Gardens,
Colston Bassett, Nottingham.

bes "ING MAN, age 18 to 20, required for

kitchen garden and pleasure grounds; wages 28-
to 30- r week.—Apply to H. COOKF, Gardener,
High Wykehurst, Ewhurst, Guildford.

TRADE.
A .. ED. MANAGER for Fruit Farm,
must be expert in the growing of young fruit
trees for sale, and vegetable production. Wages £3 per
week, with good residence on grounds, rent free.—Apply

THE DEVON ROSERY ፌ FRUIT FARM, LT
Devon Hosery, Torquay.
EQUIRED immediately. good LAND-

SCAPE FOREMEN ; iy giving age, references,
experience and wages to PERCY s. CANE, 2, West-
minster Palace Gar Gardens, S.W. 1.

VA eae WORKING

SECOND MAN, for small mixed nursery, South
London, capable of taking and executing orders: good
grower Tomatoes, bedding stuff, etc.: apply stating age,
wage, etc.—B. N., Box 35, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C.2.

W AN’ "ED. FOREMAN CARNATION
GROWER, single: must be well up in growing
for market: good wages offered with bothy.—Please

state age and PIN ERU to LOWE, Franklands Nurseries,
Pangbourne, Berks

FOREMAN and

\ TANTED, MEN with knowledge of

pruning immediately, for temporary work: state
wages and age; apply letter, DURDAN'S FRUIT
FARM, Southall.

ERBACEOUS and Alpines good MAN
with knowledge ropagating, lifting, dispatching,
etc.—Apply with refs., THYN & SON, Dundee.

W ANTER for West of England, MAN;
gingle preferred ; experienced in Chrysanthemums,

Roses, Tomatoes, and “Red

wages required, enclosing references to A. S.,

Tavistock Street, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

W ANTED, good CHRYSANTHEMUM
GROWER, used to quantity for market. —H. D.
KING, York Nursery, Walton-on- Thames.

MAN of good ad-
some knowledge of- Alpines, for
ar age, experience, and
Tavistock Street,

ding Plants.—State age and
Box 38, 5,

—

\ ANTED, YOUNG M
dress with

Nursery on south coast;

wages required. —B. M., Box 5,

Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

YOUNG MAN for market

nursery: Inside and Out; permanent: state
experience and wages required—MASON, Hollybush
Nursery, Hampton, Middlesex.

YANADA. — Definite situations, Ontario

Nurseries, large families with adult girls, gardeners,

farmhands, nurserymen, sail March, houses ready .—
UNION TRANSIT CO., Glasgow.

WANTED.

ME two smart YOUTHS for
' nursery work: state age, wage, reference.—
Apply KEYFORD, Cottage Farm Cottage, Great Barr,

Near Birmingham.

V ANTED, some experienced MEN for

Hard Court laying, accustomed to best class
of work; able to take charge and willing to travel.—
Write Y. M., 54, New Oxford Street, W.C.

ASSISTANT IN ADV ERTISING AND CATALOGUE

EES, LTD., the Liverpool Seedmen,
require the services of a man who has had some
experience, to render all-round assistance with the firm’s
advertising, house organ, catalogue work, ete. Some
knowledge of, or at any rate an interest in, horticulture
and photography would be an advantage ; salary £4 per
week to commence ; state age, particulars of experience,
also send specimens ‘of work and photograph.—GENER AL
MANAGER, AGER, Bees Ltd.. 175, Mill Street, Liverpool.

W VA ANTED. JUNIOR SHOP ASSISTANT
or ር ER for Seed Trade; experience and

salary to PRINGLE & CO. LTD.,

Leicester. _

WANTED, JUNIOR SHOP ASSISTANT
(IMPROVER) for Seed, Bulb, Floral and
Trade; fine opening for smart and

Seedamen,

General Nursery

energetic young man requiring further all-round know-

ledge; state previous experience, age and
required to BROOKE BRAY & SONS, LTD.,

EPRESENTATIV ES
mission to call on Corporations, Golf, Cricket.
Tennis and Bowling Clubs; excellent prospects for ri ht
men good selling lines —EMPRESS PRO UCTS, LT
, Great 99, Great George Street, Liverpool.

TALORIST, wanted, must ከዩ

good at designs and window dressing, fruiterer
and florist—Give full particulars 10 3. W. LAWSON,
256, High Street, Lincoln.

wage
Sheffield.

wanted on com-

experienced,

|. CHRONICLE,

a mi acm a i ay | lm Pa a ag eS

FEBRUARY 14. 1925.

SITUATIONS WANTED

PRIVATE.
GARDENER-BAILIFF

thoroughly experienced in both
departments: control of staff. accounts, ete.: leit
through estate being sold: exeellent. references irom
late and previous employers.—BAULK, 94, Midmoer
Road, toad. Balham, SWR.
H2, G ARDENER or GARDENER.
BAILIFF: thoroughly experienced both depart -

seeks re-

EAD

engagement:

ments: good manager : accounts, ete. excellent

references from present employer four "years, and

እ employer 10j.—€. E. LAWRENCE, Dean

B Newbury.

G 1 ENTLEM AN highly recommends his
HEAD GARDENER; present position near

London 15 years (war service inclusive) ; age 42: two
children, grown up: 27 years’ experience in first-class
establishments : skilful in management and contro)
of staff.—S. FE. በ... Box 27, 5, Tavistock Street.
Covent Garden, WC. 5.
YARDENER. HEAD, highly efficient all
branches, highest references : renovations, alpines :
conscientious: house required.—H EDGECOCK, 16, High
Street, Fareham.
YARDENER seeks post. HE AD of two. 10

years’ general experience, near London. preferred :
well recommended by present Head; leaving own wish:

married when suited: state wages, with cottage.
—€C€. RELSHAM, Hazelwood, Kings Langley, Herts.
“IR ROBERT KINDERSLEY. Bart., highly

kJ recommends his HEAD GARDENER where several
are kept: life oops ence in all its branches in good
establishments, including Dropmore Park, Buckingham-
shire: twenty years Head with Col. Hanbury. C.M.G..
Wexham Springs: good references, married. one girl
ten years.—Apply FROST, Plaw Hatch Hall Gardens,
Sharpthorne, Sussex.

TINHE MISSES EGERTON very highly
recommend their HEAD GARDENER where
three or more are kept, leaving through sale of
estate; life experience in all branches, 14} years
Head, 84 years present situation: age 43.—E. CADD, St.
George's Hill House Gardens, Weybridge, Surrey.
YARDENER, HEAD, highly recommended.
first-class experience all branches, gained at
bien Belvoir Castle, Easton Hall, Lavington Park.

c.: age 36; methodical.—LRIC GOODEN, Preston
Hail Maidstone.
& A. CLARK, LTD., The Nurseries.

(1.

Dover, recommend HEAD GARDENER, thor-
cun competent in all departments ; disengaged. —
BOOTON, c'o Mrs. Topley, The Green,

RAR ington, Notts,
Y ARDENER, HEAD, or SINGLE-HANDED.
requires situation; splendid references; married
when suited; cottage required: age 35.—A. WwW.,
17, Cottage Grove, Surbiton, Surrey.

Y*ARDENER, HEAD or § SINGLE- HANDED.

] experienced Inside and Out, good refs.; married,
no family : cottage required. State wages,—A. SAWKINS,
Chorley Wood House Gar. lens, Watford.

Y ARDENER., HEAD. or SINGLE.HANDED.

desires post; married, age 39; girl 9: good

references.—B. PARKER, Myrtle Cottages, Codicote.
Welwyn, Herta. i

(1 os HEAD of two or three, or
ጃ good SECOND, Inside and Out; age 26: married.
no family; 11 years' general and practical experience :
excellent references.—8. C., co J. Longley, The Gardens,
Highfield. Oxhey Lane, W atford.

] 1... WORKING GARDENER where
four are kept, life experience in all branches:
married, no family, good references.—MURDY, The

Grange, Sutton Courtney. Berks.
EAD WORKING (GARDENER, life ex-
perience all branches, Inside and Out. including

Orchids, electric lighting. management of stock:
excellent testimonials; at libertv.—W'HITING, 34,
Bushey Road. Sutton, Surrey.
*ARDENER HEAD WORKING. MR.
W. G. CLE AVER, confidently recommends W.
T. SILVER as such; age 35, married, one child.—
SILVER, Blankney Hall. near Lincoln.

*ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, where
three or more are kept; life experience in all
branches; age 39; married; excellent references.—
T. E. P., Box 29, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,
W.C.2.

ዝዛ ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, seeks

re-engagement; life experience in all E
ments; marketing of surplus produce and
general management of a good establishment; T
years age 40, married.—R. W. L., Box 28,

Head ;
5, Tavistock Street. Covent Garden. W.C.2.

FEBRUARY 14. 1925.

Mus COLE, Sherfield Hall, wil ከ6

to recommend J. KEITH as HEAD
WORKING GARDENER where two or more are
kept; life experience, age 34, excellent references:
married: two children.—The Gardens, Sherfleld Hall,
Basingstoke.

G { ARDENER, | HEAD WORKING:
more kept: life experience Inside and
establishments : excellent references ;
ATHE one child.—W. G.. Box 30, 3,
Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.
Y*ARDENER. HEAD WORKING, near
Oxford, requires situation where several are kept:
married, no mur dE life experience; highest refer-
ences.—R. T. Bor 31, 3, Tavistock — Street,
Covent arde. W.C. 2
*ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, acus-

tomed to requirements of good establishment :

four or
Out, in
age 37:
Tavistock

age 42, married, no family: 34 years’ excellent
reference from employer. — F. WICKS, Chearsley,
Aylesbury, Bucks. m 7 25:
(1 Y ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, where

several kept; thoroughly practical experience alt
branches, Inside and Out, gained in good establishments ;
last place 12 years as head : disengaged owing to sale
of estate: highly recommended, single —G. SIMSON,

=). Lime _ Walk, Headington, Oxford.

( 1 ARDENER, HEAD WORKING first-class:

life experience all branches, Inside and Out:

has had charge of Himalayan and Chinese Rhododendrons,

Shrubs, and success in raising of same; leaving own

wish; age 44, married, no family.—CANE, Nutwell
Court Gardens, Lympstone, Devon.

YARDENER. HEAD WORKING, life

experience, Inside and Out: married, no family ;

well recommended, disengaged : estate sold.—J. WINTER,
Capel Street, Capel, near Dorking, Surrey.

‘IR JOHN HARRINGTON,
ኔ strongly recommends his HEAD
GARDENER, estate being sold; efficient, qualified,
excellent manager, all branches; married, no family.
—C. RUSE, The Hyde Gardens, near Luton.

(4 ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, first-class
fruit, plant, vegetable grower, Inside and Out;
excellent long references for abilities and management of
sce gardens.—HAW K ES, 70, Cromwell Road, Brentwood,
sex.

K.C.M,G..
WORKING

Y ARDENER, HEAD WORKING or

XY SINGLE-HANDED; all-round experience. includ-
ng rock garden, also electric light : | married.—
B. E. W., Box 32, 5, Tavistock Street, Covert Garden,
W.C. 2

*ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED, seeks

JA re-engagement, good at veg., fruit, flowers: good

refs.; married, one girl.—Rossmore,
Southwater, Sussex.

NARDENER,

uation ;

Broadwater Lane,

SINGLE - HANDED,
life experience, Inside and Out, disen-
gaged; 6 years last situation; good references; age 38;
single.—P. KING, Rose Cottage, Shilton, Burford, Oxon.

4 ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED;
age 27,

to make — useful;

seeks

w willing
married. one child.

—Appy H. ROWER, Horwood House Gardens,
Winslow, Bud
( TARDENE SINGLE-HANDED or other-
wise, good refs. and experience, married, age
34, two children,; state wages, with cottage, to Ww. G.
STEVENS, Leladene Cottages, Dorking, Surrey.
NARDENER, experienced, SINGLE-HAN-
X DED, seeks place; flowers, fruit unter glass,

kitchen garden, poultry: single; references.—GAR-
PES ER, 22, New Street, Three Bridges, Sussex.

“+ ARDENÉR, SINGLE-HANDED, or with
help: life experience, highly recommended, age
30, married when suited Please d wages.—C. A.,

Box 24, 5, Tavistock Street, W.C.

( YARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED, or other-
wise; good experience, Inside and Out; age 25,

married, 1 child.—W. SOWDEN, Lea Farm Cottage,
Garston, Near Watford, Herts.

Y ARDENER, SINGLE - HANDED or

ጃ SECOND, seeks situation, age 38, single, used to
kitchen garden, pleasure grounds, herbaceous borders:
good references.—A. FOOTE, 39, Hotham Road,
Wimbledon. S.W.19.

ARDENER requires situation as SINGLE.

X HANDED or good SECOND; life experience,

excellent refs., age 32, married.—E. 'WITTS, V yddial,
Buntingford, Herts.

NT EM MAN seeks situation as SINGLE-
HANDED GARDENER, ዐየ would take
lead in Kitchen Garden or Kitchen (arden and
Pleasure Grounds: 9 years’ experience, age
well recommended. Please state wages.—H. DANCE:
The Bothy Caen Wood Towers, Highgate, N.68.
G ARDENER, SECOND, age 262. Inside
Out; good references; bothy preferred.—

and
W, THOMAS, Doddington Gardens, ‘Nantwich, Cheshire.

THE GARDENERS

*ARDENER, SECOND, Inside. or inside

1 FOREMAN, requires situation, where several are
kept; 10 years’ experience, well re commended, age 25,
married when suited, Midlands referred ; full parti-
culars, with cottage.—R. WACH HT, Cross Oak Gardens,
Berkhamsted, Herts.
A SECOND or LEAD in Pleasure
4 Grounds; advertiser, age 34, single, seeks situation,
thoroughly experienced herbaceous, alpines, Roses, and
flowering shrubs; excellent references; well recom-
mended: 3j years present situation; previous expe-
rlence as Lead.—T. HUSSEY, Ashwicke Hall Gardens,
Marshfield, Chippenham, Wilts.

[፡ s S 21, seeks situation,

7 years’ experience, Kitchen Garden, Pleasure
highly recommended.—HAKROLD, 26, Ferndale
Banstead, Surrey.

Grounds :
Road,

R. A. GIBLETT, Hall Barn Gardens,
4 Beaconsfield, wishes to recommend L. BRIGHT-
WELL as UNDER GARDENER, Outside or Inside
and Out, R years’ experience; age 26, married.—
Apply, L. BRIGHTWELL, Hall Barn Gardens,
Beaconsfield, Bucks.
pus

General; experienced all branches; good references:
age 30; married, no children; Yorkshire preferred.—
INGLEDEW, Gargrave House Gardens, Gargrave, Leeds.

seeks — situation. [nside, or

— Inside and Out, 11 years’
general experience; age 25: iwried; good

references; disengaged.—PAGE, Clarendon Park Gardens,
Salisbury, Wilts.

|? REMAN,
round
including
references ;
Northlands

Second : good | all.
first-class establishments,
Hackwood and Buseot Park: excellent

married, one child. — G. PRITCHARD,
Gardens, Landford, Salisbury.

Inside or
experience in

|... general, or Inside,
oughly competent; excellent refs.:

30. wg T. LEE, 19,
Paddington, d

*OREMAN, In Inside, age 28, seeks situation,

southern counties, good references, state Wages.
—C. WOODS, 16, Lorrimore Road, Walworth, S.E. 1

thor.
disengaged ;
Chippenham Road,

‘ITUATION. required as KITCHEN GAR.

k DENER and Hardy Fruit, 6j years present
situation as above, previous experience, ke
recommended; age 24, married when suited. —
MORRIS, Oakley Park Gardens, Bromfield, Ludlow,
Shropshire.

K ITC HEN GARDEN ER desires change ;

aged 34, moy one child ;
hardy fruits, ete.:
ments.—TALBOT,
Bucks.

12 years’ experience:
willing other depart-
Wittington, Marlow,

excellent refs.:
Farm Cottage,

( ARDENER, 21, single, seeks situation,

Kitchen Garden or Pleasure Grounds, good
references from Head Gardener: Surrey or Middlesex
preferred. Please state wages, with or without bothy;
disengaged February 28th.—JOY NER, Melcombe Horsey,
Dorchester.

MR, F. CAPP, Nostell | Priory Gardens,
Wakefield, can recommend a good MAN for
ina Gardens ; over 3 years here.—Particulars to
above.

YARDENER seeks situation; age 27, single,
good all-round experience; leaving through place
being let.—SPINKS, 21, High Street, Southover, Lewes,

Sussex. ee irs x l
ME: W . WILSON, Eridge Castle Gardens,

Tunbridge Wells, can with confidence recommend
HENRY WOODROW to any Gardener requiring the
services of a strong young man: Inside and Out: age 24

MBITIOUS young MAN, 27, three years'
4 nursery experience, desires situation in good
garden, Inside or Out; head gardener'a recommend-
ation.—J. B. Box 25, 3, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, (Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

R. GOODALL, Grantley Hall Gardens,

Ripon, Yorks., can highly recommend R. NELMES
as FIRST JOURNEYMAN, Inside; age 22: 8 years’
experience; 3 years here with Carnations, fruit,
decorating, € ete.

IRST JOURNEYMAN.
and Out: single,
wages.— R. MASKREY,
Derbyshire.

N R. FULFORD, Burley Gardens, Oakham,
ÀAYÀ Rutland, wishes to M highly recommend W.
LONG as FIRST JOURNEYMAN, age 25, 8 years’
experience; Eastern counties preferred.

Inside
refs. State
Wirksworth,

Inside or
age 28, good
Carsington,

OURNEYMAN. age 27,
e in good establishment, Inside and Out; ` Border
Counties preferred; disengaged — when suited.— For
particulars please apply, HEAD GARDENER,
Hall, Talsarnau, Merionethshire.

OURNEYMAN,
e age 20, 4
mended ;
Surrey.

seeks situation

Inside, under Foreman,
years’ experience, can be well recom-
bothy.—F. FULKER, Athallan, Frimley,

CHRONICLE.

Glyn .

xiii.

OURNEYMAN seeks situation under Fore-

man, Inside or Inside and Out; can take duty;

good references: age 23; bothy or lodgings. —A. SPAREY,
Cuckoo Hill, Bransgore, Christchurch, Hants.

TOURNEY MAN - seeks sation Inside,
e under Foreman, fruit and plants; — 8
Box 2 experience, keen and intelligent.—Ap

ly, R.
x 22, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, WwW 2፡4. 2.
OURNEYMAN — Inside,

requires situation,
e home counties preferred, good references, age
19. Please state wages, with bothy.—A. BREED,
Weston Park Gardens, Stevenage, Herts.

OURNEYMAN, Inside, age 22. seeks
e situation; 8 years' experience; good references:
disengaged: bothy preferred.—J. HUDSON, Swan
Hotel, Hotel, Topcliffe, Thirsk.

Y Thin

age

ATR. WENMAN, Hickleton Gardens, Don-
easter, confidently recommends K. CHURCH
as INSIDE JOURNEYMAN ; age 23; two years here;
south preferred.—Apply | K. "CHURCH. BARRE
V R. H. E. MANLEY, Paxhill Gardens, Lind-
à. fleld, confidently recommends A. WILFORD
us JOURNEYMAN, Inside; age 20; six years’ expe-
rience, three years' here; Herts or Bucks preferr
OURNEYMAN. Inside, or Inside and Out.

e J. Harrison, Rawcliffe Fold Gardens, Lytham
Road, South Blackpool, highly recommends W.
HILTON, age 20, four years here; state wages,

with with bothy.

M RS CHARLETON, Caynlan Cottage,
Ludlow, recomme nds L. C ARTER, as JOURNEY-

MAN, Inside and Out, age 22, good worker, disengaged.—

L. CARTER, Baldwin's Cottage, Stanton Lacy, Ludlow.

OURNEYMAN, aged 23, requires situation,
e Outside or Inside and Out; nine years’ experience ;
good refs.—A. R. BEAROCK, The Gardens, Dunham
Hall, Altrincham.

N R. W. BENTLEY wishes to recommend
. W. JENKINS, as JOURNEYMAN, Inside and
Out, age 19: 3% years here; Kent preferred. —The
Gardens, Port Regis, Broadstairs.

EAD GARDENER wishes to recommend
young man as SECOND JOURNEYMAN, Inside.—

Apply E. WETHERALL, Danesfleld Gardens, Marlow,

Bucks, — — ያቸ ስ Be een id

7OUTH seeks situation 88 IMPROVER.
Outside, 3 years’ experience: age 17, good

reference.—T. HART, Old Court, Whitney-on-Wye,

Herefordshire.

ie RONG YOUTH, age 19, requires situa-
tion, Kitchen Garden and Pleasure Grounds;

d^ years' experience, good reference; bothy preferred.
GILBERT, Hall. Bothy, Stanmore, Middlesex.

MPROVER, age 19, seeks situation, 4 years,

good reference, Inside and Out; bothy.— (G.

WHITING, 20, Albert Road, Mitcham, Surrey.

ን ሺሸ... MAN seeks situation as IMPROVER,

or JOURNEYMAN, Inside; age 21; excellent refs.
Please state wages with bothy.—C. SHAW, Kirklington
Gardens, Southwell, Notta. MCN |

YITUATION wanted as GARDEN.
K LABOURER, rough digging; any part of country.
—LEADBETTER, c/o Doctor Datta, Preswylfa House,
Tylorstown, Glamorganshire,

(STATE PAINTER, Glazier, ete.,

carpentry, real handyman;

Some
boys,

married, two
Daldersby,

good refs., South preferred.—K NIGHT,
pon.

TRADE.

LORAL DECORATOR or

MANAGER desires engagement, life experience
in all branches; age 45, London preferred.—WrTrite,
with full particulars, wages, FRANCIS CROSBY,
24, Lancaster _ Road, Upper Edmonton, N.18.

NER RSERY MANAGER, exceptional abilities.

years’ experience, all branches; expert in
herbaceous, Tomatoes, Dahlias, bedding plants ; age 45;
south preferred.—4A. B., Box 33, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C.2.

DVERTISER.
4 MANAGER or

NURSERY

age 42. seeks position as
TRAVELLER (view to Partner-

DE retail, seed, bulb, florist trade; life experience.—

RKER, Box 21, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent.

Garden, W.C. 2.

[FORE MAN GROWER, 26 years’ good
general experience, on commercial lines, Tomatoes,

Cucumbers, and general run Inside, at liberty, well

recommended: please state
9, Commere ial ! Road, Staines.

hae acu SR seeks situation; experienced
.ፈ

in hardy and half hardy flowering shrubs, trees,

particulars. — GRIFFEN,

climbers, planta, etc. ; 15 years with V. N. Gauntlett
Co. 23) years with '* Veitch," Coombe Wood.—F. C.
GOLDRI: VG, Frant, ' Tunbridge "Wells,

AN, 38, wants nursery work or jobbing.
near London. Life gardener; life abstainer ; refs.—

N

H., 5, Hillside Road, Stamford Hill, , N. 15.

STATE CARPENTER seeks situation,

4 nursery or estate, also plumbing, hot water
painting glazing, and all repairs; married, disengaged.

RPENTER,
MEE ur

2p, Ashbourn Road, Gorringe Park,

H {RTI cu LTU RAL BU UILDERS
AND

ር | WOOD CATH BLINDS arethe most:
HEATING: ENGINEERS, AME a) -በከየ4ስ16 ma, neatest outside ደጸ :

f Di ፡ ; R Li አ LING T 6 N. 3i : : ‘ ሩ ES ; '
x dx 3 I ተነ =
, a ted “ይይ V

LONDON OFFICE: . tg, Beles Sel ae ee eae
> Albert, Mansions, Victoria Bt. swa. Bá a win

i 1 wow se iS Me Time]
ቂው. geder.. ም ለ ር”
GARDEN FRAMES,
GREENHOUSE T
EAE ል =
GARDEN SEATS. xi
REPAIRS and. F — — Me eT

- REPAINTING, E Ete, i fy aeri, :

| GARDEN FRAMES

ው ት vonstrigted of “ከ፲ materials

| cares prom, ns ያ onm 'gfock-

» WA
hi
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HT
14
ge

. — — T
—
* SENE

à i Javite enqniries: for. Conservatories, ዳየ
d COBRE B nius d —— ፡

X n widara. Ait: Vitres
ES አ GERI c *

FOSTER E PEARSON, LIMIT
— T -BEESTON,. NOT)

Sie been. building Greenhouses om bay
1925. a record o. 84 years. ot sound pensis

6000 Greenhouses last- others do not.
The. ROBIN HOOD BOILER -

reduces the fuel bill and saves labour.
Estimates. on application ያጠ ን m

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"ዘደ GARDENERS CHRONICLE, ee

! O GOYER SILVER, MEDAL. | Horse Sheet get appreciation from ፡ H

i “HORS SE SHOE BOILER — 55 ‘Mo ።
= bos — — sarat rs your: deu Shoe. =: =

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= ነ a ር ተመ CHAS. P. KINHELL.- & 50. LTO., Bb. GBA, ‘SOUTHWARK p MT | ቅ a E $
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“SUPPLEMENT PLATE: Rose. Shot Silk.

— AC — — ጋነ — — — — መ —

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SALES BY AUCTION.

Wednesday Next, February 25th.
IMPORTANT TRADE SALE OF

Spring and Autumn-flowering Bulbe,

Including Cases of GLADIOLUS, EARLY and
LATE - FLOWERING ; DOUBLE and SINGLE
BEGONIAS, GLOXINIAS, HARDY JAPANESE LILIES
in variety, SPIRAEAS, LILY - OF- THE - VALLEY,
DELPHINIUMS, PAEONIES, ANEMONES, ete.,
Roses, Herbaceous Plants, and Fruit Trees, etc.,
also upwards of
500 Cases of Japanese Lilies,
Comprising

LILIUM AURATUM, L. SPECIOSUM, MELPOMENE,
RUBRUM, and MAGNIFICUM.

Consignments of
BAY TREES, PALMS, AZALEAS, ASPIDISTRAS,
RHODODENDRONS, BOX TREES, etc, from
the Continent.
ESSRS. PROTHEROE & MORRIS
will sell the above at their SALE ROOMS,
07 & 68, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.C.2.
Catalogue post free on application.

AUCTION SALE OF
TOPIARY WORK
(Clipped Box and Yew)

RARE SPECIMEN CONIFERS, GARDENJFURNITURE
AND ORNAMENTS, Ete.
by
|aBorsbsos & MORRIS,
and 68, CHRAPSIDE, E.C.2
On Friday, March 6th.

Catalogues post free on application.

at 87

BUSINESSES FOR SALE.

— ——

LORISTS. — High Class old - established
Business in very prominent main road position of
residential London Suburb, bold corner Shop handsomely
fitted, Dwelling house attached. Palm and pano House,
Garage and Stores. Valuable lease ig eg?
unexpired. Turnover about £4,000. Net profita £500 to
£600 yearly. Price £1,800. Stock, &c. at value about
£200.—Apply AUBREY & CO., 96, Newgate Street,
London, E.C.1 ;

NUS SERY, near Southend-on-Sea, 24 acres
of Glasshouses (640 ft. run), all heated, Out-
buildings, Frames, Lights, ete. Rent £65. Price for
Stock and Crops only £300. Dwelling House near by
available.—Apply AUBREY ይ CO., above.

{MALL NURSERY near Bath, ? acre.
IN House, 6 rooms and scullery. 210 ft. run of glase.
Will sell Freehold for £600 complete or let at £45 yearly,
with ingoing of £250 for Glass, Stock, etc. — Apply
AUBREY & CO., above.

LORIST NURSERY for Sale sib privately),

situated in a busy residential 4 on —
unique position, well-equipped, price £2,600, all com-
piste, easily managed, ready cash trade, suitable for
dy or gentleman interested in tho growing of flowers,
etc.—Write G. L., Box 28, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

()^ nn NURSERY BUSI.

NESS, good Shop and House, 10 acres well
stocked; lease, moderate price. Giving up through
ill-health.—For full particulars apply, CORNFORD,

Chalet. Birchington,

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.
| PROPERTY TO LET.

|

| ዕ BE LET, Isle of Wight.—Charming

| Country Residence with 8 acres (four grass
and 4 cultivated): about 3,000 bush fruit trees,

| Daffodil and Violet beds. pig-st yes, stabling, tennis

' court, 4 bed, 2 sitting, kitchen, etc.: main road,

near atation ; rent on lease £80 per annum : stock
at valuation ; excellent living. — Apply MORRIS,
Auctioneer Shanklin.

BUSINESS CARD.

AMES BACKHOUSE, F.LS, F.R.HS.,

e for many years Chairman of the late firm of James
Backhouse and Son, Limited, having retired from York,
Offers his services as GARDEN CONSU LTANT; 30 years’
expericnce, specially in connection with Alpine and
Herbaceous Plants; advice given for Rock Garden
construction and planting, also for rmanent flower
orders, boundary plantations, etc.—Address for terms to
Caer Fegla, Arthog, North Wales.

NOTICES.
RS. EMILY MARTIN. 47, Browning
IVI Road. Enfield, thanks very gratefully all who
kindly voted for her for the Gardeners’ Royal Bene-

volent, for which she was a successful candidate.

AVE YOU PROVIDED? ¥ See United
Horticultural Benefit and Provident Society's
Advertisement on Page xil.

EXHIBITIONS.

Sist Yer. SHREWSBURY

GREAT FLORAL FETE
Wed. & Thurs., 19th & 20th August,1925

Upwards of £1,200 Cash Prizes.

10 SPECIAL COALPORT CHINA TROPHIES
For non-competitive classes.

3 SPECIAL COALPORT CHINA TROPHIES
For Roses, Carnations "and Dahlias.
All to be won outright.
SILVER CHALLENGE CUP for FRUIT,

GOLD and SILVER MEDALS, ጸር.

SCHEDULES NOW READY.
Apply to—W. G. BRAZIER, Secretary, SHREWSBURY.

THE

Western Commercial Horticultural Show

to be held at
ST. JOHN’S HALL, PENZANCE,

on
THURSDAY and FRIDAY, March 12th and 13th
President: Lorp St. LEVAN.

Classes for GROWERS, FARMERS, SALES.
MEN, FLORISTS, PACKAGE MAKERS
and AMATEURS.

NEARLY £100 OFFERED IN PRIZES.

Lectures, Demonstrations and Conferences,
Packing Competitions.

Supported by the Ministry of Agriculture, Cornwall
County Council, leading Salesmen, and Growers.
Support welcomed in form of exhibits and subscriptions.

Schedules and further particulars frorn :—
H. W. ABBISS, Hon. Sec. and Hort. Supt.,
County Hall, TRURO.
ENTRIES CLOSE MARCH 7th.

Competitive exhibits from a"distance will be staged by
stewards if a request is sent to the SECRETARY?

1925.

PLANTS, &c. FOR SALE.

FEBRUARY 21,

Small Classified Advertisements. Twenty words
(or three lines including headline) 48., and 18s.
for every succeeding eight words (or line or part

of a line). Fee for having replies addressed to
thie office, 18. Displayed advertisements, 88.

per inch, or 108. facing editorial mater.

‘HOW AND REGAL PELARGONIUMS.
The most brilliant and gorgeous colours. Buy now
for a lovely display in the early summer. Strong plants
from 8-inch pots in 12 separate named varieties. 9/-.
Newer and more scarce varieties, 12'-, 15'-, and 17 6 per
dozen (all our own selection), sent free by parcels post
for cash or in leatherboard pots by passenger train, 26
per dozen extra.

Dahlias, pot roota, Cactus, Decorative, Pompons
and Collarette, all at 6:- per dozen, all sepa ate named
varieties (our own selection). Will ma fine early
plants grown on under glass.

Plumbago capensis, favourite greenhouse climber.
lovely blue shade, 1:-. Plumbago capensis alba, 1...
Sent free per Parcels Post when 5/- and upwards ከ)
value for cash with order ei da plants in pota).
— free, orders under 5/- extra for box and
pos rm W. COLE & SON, Westwood Nurseries,

ter rough.

CALADIUMS !!—Bcegonias,

NERNS! Palms,
Crotons, Dracaenas, Gloxinias, Hydrangeas
Geraniums, Ericas, Lilies, Ferns and How to w
Them, by J. E. SMITH, 36 post free. —SMITH,

London Fern Nurseries,

100,00

large A spidistras
SMITH, Fernery,

London, S.W.9.

LARGE GARDEN
30/. 100, variety;
for dividing

London, S.W

FERNS,
wanted 1,000
Catalogues free.—

ERNS, Maiden-hair; 5 doz. in 5-1n. and

618. pots, also 1 doz. Aspidistras in 6-in. pots;

offers wanted; carr. paid.—BRACEGIRDLE, Cressbrook
Hall Gardens, Buxton, Derby.

IMALAYAN, Chinese and other Rhodo-
dendrons on their own roots. Shrubs, Alpines,

and border planta, Aquatics, Lilies, etc. Write for
Lista. —G. RE Keston, Kent.
ALMS AND BAY TREES. Bay Trees

established in tubs: magnificent selection in all
sizes. Sizes and prices on application. Unique collection
of Palms in all sizes. Prices and catalogue on application.
appre OBEUS (1911), LTD., 28, Crawford Street,
ndon, ነኛ. 1.

USH PRUNUS PISSARDTI, 3 to 4 ft.

p doz.: Ceanothus G. de V. and M. Simon, 4?--
doz.: ን ያ Maples in variety, 42/- doz. — WM.
BIGNELL & SON, Highgate, N. 6.

NGLISH YEWS, 14 ft. to 5 ft.; good

stocks.—_WM. BIGNELL & SON, Highgate, N. 6.
1 0 - GLADIOLI for 8. 94.. post paid.

The most dazzlingly brilliant flowers on earth,

with spikes of blooms 18 ins. long; 12 each of 9 9 kinds
(108 bulbs), all separately packed and named, for 88. 9d.,
post paid; half lot, 4s. 91., post paid (cultural in-
structions and beautifully illustrated Flower and Vege-
table Catalogues included),.—R. KAY & CO., Goodmayes
Road, Goodmayes, Essex.

Broo NIA AND GLOXINIAS. AE
ው Due strain with blooms often measuri ins.

across; a collection of 12 Single and 12 Double Begonias
also 6 Gloxinias—all separately packed and named
cultural instructions and illustrated catalogues, for be S Sa
post paid; half lot, 38. 6d., post paid.—R. KAY & & CO.,
Goodmayes Road, Good mayes, Essex.

O FLORISTS.—Cut Asparagus Nanus,
medium size fronds, 1/6 per bunch; large sprays,

2/6 per doz.; long trails, 5/- per dozen. aragus
Sprenger! 2/6 per bunch, c.w.o. oe and king
free on orders 10/- and over. —H. 8. HOLM TED.

Bretby Nurseries, Burton-on-Trent.

ILIUM AURATUM, Speciosum Rubrum,

Melpomene, Roseum and Album, Henryi,
Fortunei Giganteum, Longiflorum Giganteum, etc. ;
enormous stock ; all &8'., and 16/- doz., or 60/-, 8O'.,
and 120.- 100.—MORLE & CO, 150-156, Finchley
Road, N.W. 8.

ኘ LADIOLUS in 35 best sorts ; all large first
size bulbs: 100 in 10 sorte, 14/-; 200, 25/..—
All listes free MORLE & CO., as above,

NO ON AS. TUE ንን ገ ፍው 8896326902. 15 ፦ ሰን y yovLTEY- MANURE“ pisi
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|" Gynt እበበከያጸቦሽ6,-50.-; Horricitltutal Coke, 40:6) . Ail In -|-
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1 Garden Fertiliser

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one. STABLE. MANURE iRGUED.
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Renfe 36፡8. AD, 501896 ‘Paid: |

ran — HE EE ጊጋ

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ነ Dressed Ca pvas Cos er. pptices « on application,

ብ. ሠዉ.» — *

BUILD |
*WIRE TENSION" |
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if The. Vige AURS a {arge quantity oF Pakake
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Urt, Our Manure contains ?'"5 Potash, 2295 f .
| Phasphste. and 495. Nitrogen, and the Tests. K

diputs new. lity sate them e —
ew 25.1 58 ibe: 1 -, 28) Paaa Car: NOS es —
E Mn RITO New Derriow Gardens. Dusty Ht, aon THREE =
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Sette Sutt s Pris, Shaw | Lor Collection vt Omegee. -
ብጸ ከጃጾ used only oan Vine Mamire for «uris FAYE
^ a wor ፻፲1 ST PRICE um at —“ Bis
x} i¢ £s de.

2 WINTER WASH. for. "fruit 'ገጠጨ

l yd Mor his cean fruit and. orchards. - gal. —
DOO Ma guis diim. ^ ans ancluded. | Carriage paid.”

GARDEN, SUPPLIES. AT LOWEST. ‘PRICES.

Wri, der. sur dig oe Gardan Matres aind Hostis ltorni
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For Ratt, Vines,

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SOIENDE. PROGRESSES i

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^ edi: Upetosdnte 1111661908. including. "he ዳደ 86:6.
ይር ie 1953. for ፻5፡81ህ89፻8. -..

Coco My: New. Panes, some bf which . ‘Supe: “gained

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መላና WOTATOES ARE YOu PLAN TINO

SPENCE'S SCOTCH SEED POTATOES

ና Life eun d "fe ine 4. iBourd of ba! dl ird
Jive ton dt Rone: Gant soe Hand Pivked,

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ADIATE r 7 : P

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justify us in saving that ፲፻ (5 rhe best in The DES
snarket. Ths sflect on old. Hines 8 way masked, si

"fts 4e prepared: from the recipe. ara. dec go
$ brated Cunachan Apple Grower, who. is nod |. 7

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$t 5 i cà i

ድይኮርሓደኛ. 21.

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7 DOUBLE TOUR SUPPLY OF
VEGET. ABLES. & FLOWERS BY SOWING.
GIBBS PREE GARDEN SEEDS.
oio AS Jn TE ንኛ (DHE ቶ ዶሉዮዕ፦ሟ1 «Tot Ymest
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Cata omn at, ‘Pitas: 5/ሎ112: 14171! ae
Sakae: CES 0s toe ress

ዛፆሯ ANTES 11

IC OVES: * ገን.
ive NIS $n
Fo xis, ፍይ eais al sati dat

sit cu
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መቁ ቅለ B Wiser Medals, s LANG Rackets. 1

Yowint Feat girta Muy 46 moroa M
Seat Sumyatitien..

ፐ..123, ፻ሆ,8፳.55.3.,

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EAT ሾ18985ጊ EY, *

Qver 59.000. T አሄ፡ በጸ: Aur

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Plant Alfwonda, the new: “Hands: Perpetüal. !
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n : በ5 Folios ፦-- SUN

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Sizes and to measure. Roll om. and roll
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| ^M 5፡60. Catalogue ‘for 1925 | AS: now puke c. sei c
A djs Ushed: ‘and ‘conta. 81. ‘the. leading. 3
ib kinds, pf Vegersble- and R "lower reds. E
doo sserghk payes ak Novelties fe Specialties, ENT.
pov moste of their dwn rsim, and neari .
Narvietes ob, eautifid, ፡- PES
8: Veitch: ል Son dvo y

wi. Jv — on — — — — — — — — —
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FOR) SPRING. PLANTING

Deserve Catalogue at 4: Hadji Begonias; Dahtias, Trisnk; Philos; ) 898898, E. 2
ክክ ‘Roses erc, free. an Applicaniony x

VAN DERSCHOOT.

The. nm Established . ‘Bolbfarms (comprising aver 468 Verse v

= SELECTED DUTCH BULBS, € and PERENNIAL PLANTS

a 3 — Tove —
puru Sundries):

1 ዐይየ"ባሕህ paki by passenger:
ti IM por Y n, free on rail gaoia train,

m

M PL pi

o ዕኮ ION SET 5.

፲፪0፪ AILSA. CRAIG TYPES =

—— send you" ape pound: at these, carefully
packed vind post free, for 1፡0,
thers - ሃህ wil Tied it copy: nE- eur See Fist
("SEEDS that GROW xonBünimg . ae
pp. ለ a ES 29: Miraris

E ricfased - with:

Jo ምሥ I

— Peine.
"Senid-üs 3. trial orders qud.

tind: your. gnrdetiing araibles.

d ARMONT, desiit & KING, LTD.

p © SowVERIDEST 55:05 B
Be fur the Very Bost Resuli B
ES WRYTE Für chrALOOGUE i
APPROVED SE MEX OLET ^ oA
(GARDEN Siete |

Cranmer teer, P 3
—— — ©
silt
ር a m.

LI
Ker Petit n

E. RETS

| the Pots that Drain

— SORA; dedi: እር ን
ርጋ Rory — —

k ሸ9ከ6519፻; - .
DAE — weit growe quim ‘sheep obey MA

Many Ware and. Choice’ varietea

ud ANU GREENROUSE PLANTS OF ALL —

ch iC Kindiy wend: tor Catalogus. .
a JAMES, CYPHER ይ. SONS,
Exotic Nurseries,’ CHELTENHAM.
“BLACK CURRANT BUSHES.

ሃዘያከ!ሃ "EDINA, * Cfhe bust in the wort.

E PRIZE at ASHPORD, KENT, SHOW, July, -

Xeéry fine. Fbres-seas ህህ! busine: 76 doy, 14/9 per 24.
478 pet. 29, ጋዩ per 100,

(c 2-year ohh hüahes half እክበሃኙ prices.

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— — tl i t MÀ HM — — —

FEBRUARY 21, 1925.

THE

Gardeners’ Chronicle

No. 1991—SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 21, 1925.

ee

CONTENTS.
Alpine garden— Indoor plant-—
— psophila cerastoides 125 Ardisia crenulata .. 128
Thlaspi rotundifolium 125 Perpetual-flowering
Annuals for conserva- Carnations ... 128

tory and greenhouse Solanum capsicastrum 128

decoration ... .. 127 | Lawrence medal, award
Balmoral, a new head | of the ... Ct n. 122
forester at ... 422 eire and gardens, ae
` 22 public... $us ... 132

Bartlett, Mr. A. C... 455 Plants new or note-

Benmore Estate gifted
to the Forestry Com- _
mission ... — soe 121
Books, notices of—
County Court Practice
made Easy ... -—
The Elements of Rail-
way Economics ... 132
Brunton, Mr. J. S.. pro-

worth y—

Deinanthe caerulea ... 132

Jasminum Beesianum 131
Potato breeding ... 133
Rose garden, the—

Climbing Paul Léde ... 123

Rose Shot Silk ... 123
Royal Horticultural So-

cietv's amateur show 135

; 35 | Societies—

posed እ ለ Glasgow Fruit Trade
Bulb garden— x Benevolent... ... 136

Giladioli... . ... 426 Manchester and North
Carnatien competition... 135 E prone AR 136

| Y - North. 0 2nglan
prese i a. 122 Horticultural ... 136
| : ከፈ Orchid Club ... ... 136

Daphne Laureola — ...135 | Reading and District
Ferns, hardy British ... 126 — —— wre nee 136
Fruit garden— oya ardeners .
Apple Irish Peach ... 133 iua Fund Itural 137

Apple St. Everard ... 133 [dic sa ie ie
The best early Apple 133 ERU RE ETE ብሉ
The yellow Pershore Tomato leaf-spot ——— ... 121

lum 133 | Trees and shrubs—

* Gardeners’ Chronicle” Olearia Traversil — ... 128

seventy-five years ago 123 | Salix Medemii... — ... 129
Garden in antiquity, the 130 | vegetable garden—
Garden notes from south- Vegetables for exhi-

west Scotland... ... 129 bition .... ... 134
‘Geo, Monro” concert. 122 | Watson, the late Mr. W. 135
Government Botanic Week's work, the ... 124
. Gardens... Hm ... 132 | wild garden X: ... 126
Hardy flower border— |

Erigerons wel Wisley ae s ... 121

ILLUSTRATIONS.
Bartlett, Mr. A. C., portrait of ... ቿ - e 122
Deinanthe caerulea... ua READ" ቻቹ s. 131
Jasminum Beesianum in fruit — M — .. 130
Rose Climbing Paul Lédé ... Sey = ss ... 123
Salix cinerea var. Medemil ... "M zs AN .. 129
Scolopendrium vulgare crispum, a fine type of ... 127
Thlaspi rotundifolium ... EN * T ide .. 120
SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE.
Rose Shot Silk.

AVERAGE MEAN TEMPERATURE for the ensuing week

deduced from observations during the last fifty
years at Greenwich, 40°1.

ACTUAL TEMPERATURE—

The Gardeners’ Chronicle Office, 5, Tavistock Street
Covent Garden, London, Wednesday, February 18,
10a.m.: Bar. 298, temp. 45°. Weather, Sunny.

FELLows and friends of the
Royal Horticultural Society
will have found an especial
in perusing the Report of the
annual meeting (see p. 118). When vou
have difficulties, and in these days who
has not? there is nothing like *''thinking
aloud " to discover a way of solving them.
It clears the mind, and if done artistically,
wins sympathy—a famous mental emollient.
Mr. Cuthbertson, in presenting ከ15 state-
ment, wisely employed this mode of clarifying
thought. He did not disguise from himself
that Fellows of the Society are looking to
the Council for the enunciation of a pro-
gramme which shall aid the achievement
of the aspiration. uttered when the new
laboratories at Wislev were built '' that
Wislev may become the foremost horti-
cultural institute in the world.” The
decisions which he announced should go
far toward effecting the realisation. of that
aspiration. Chief of these decisions is that
which relates to the appointment of a head
of the Wisley garden. Such an appointment
has long been recognised as essential by

Wieley.

pleasure

e

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

all who have followed the history of the
garden. Horticulture is and must always
remain an art. Science will, as it acquires
apposite knowledge, lend more and more
powerful aid to the art of horticulture ;
but when science has said its last word,
the art of horticulture—aided greatly and
greatly simplified—will remain. Therefore,
a garden which is to be the expression
of the craftsman’s skill, an exemplar of
all that 1s best in garden cultivation and
design, must have as a responsible head a
man who can not only grow plants but
who can make and develop a garden.
With the wonderful resources, natural and
acquired, which Wislev possesses, and with
a reasonable measure of freedom, the right
kind of head gardener should be able to
do during the next ten years even more
than has been done already to make Wisley
the most interesting garden in the temperate
parts of the world. This appointment we
regard as the essential thing. One less
important is the announcement that a
head of the Laboratory is to be appointed.

For our part, we have no quarrel with
the remark made by Mr. Cuthbertson
that the Council is inclined to take a
somewhat more modest view of the
scope of research to be carried out at
Wisley than it did at the time of the

planning of the Laboratory. We have no
inclination to dispute the wisdom of this

more humble policy—because it will not
work out like that. If the head of the
Laboratory is a first-rate man and has

sufficient support from the Council to gather
around him promising and enthusiastic
young men, Wisley will in time do great
research work, and we are sure that when
signs of this work are evident there will
be no lack of encouragement from the
Council. If, on the other hand, the man
appointed is second-rate, so also will the
work be, and it need hardly be said that
second-rate work is not good enough for
Wisley or for any other public institution.
The third announcement made by Mr.
Cuthbertson will be welcomed no less than

those to which reference has just been
made. It is to give the garden lad a
chance. The proposal, which has our

fullest sympathy, will require careful con-
sideration with respect to details. We are
inclined to think—and we speak with some
knowledge of the subject—that the scheme
will work best and produce the greatest
benefits to all participants if the Council
appoints the lads for a probationary year
and keeps them at work during that year
in the garden, paying them, of course, a

living wage. Then, of those lads who
show industry and aptitude, a number
should be chosen as student gardeners,

who should, during the following year,
have all the privileges of students, should
give all the necessary time to scientific
studv, follow all the courses of lectures
and practical instruction, and during ''term
time" be absolved from all garden work

whatsoever. Smatterings of science are
worse than none. Young lads seldom

possess strength and energy for the simul.
taneous prosecution of two arduous tasks—
manual work of gardening and long hours
in laboratories-—and the hours in laboratories
must be long if sound knowledge and not
smattering is to be acquired. These, how-
ever, are details which will doubtless be
considered by the Council before it casts
the scheme into final shape. We wish it
well, and believe that the Council has done
wiselv in recognising the unspoken claims

121

— — — — — —

of gardeners to an opportunity to grow wise
in their craft. One word more, on the
subject the garden committee. — Mr.
Cuthbertson’s sketch of stragglers ‘‘ trailing
casually behind " the enthusiastic members
making inspection is true. The newer
way of dividing the committee into sections
is a better way. Perhaps, the best way
would be for the committee to pass a self-
denying ordinance and agree to meet, sav,
twice a year, except when special business
required transaction. Committees are gene-
rally fertile in improvised ideas, and the
ideas are generally sterile. With guidance,
exercised reticently and periodically, the
man on the spot will probably work better
than with a constant, solicitous mothering
by a committee. Here, again, experience
will tell, and it may well be that with the
manifold activities now being undertaken
at Wisley more frequent meetings may ከር
necessary ; and yet, on reflection, we think
not.

Benmore Estate Gifted to Forestry Com-

mission.—At the close of his presidential
address to the members of the Edinburgh

University Forestry Society on Thursday
of last week, Mr. John D. Sutherland
announced that Mr. Harry George Younger
had offered the Forestry Commission
his estate of Benmore. extending to

clos» upon 10,000 acres, as a national gift.
He further explained that an arboretum and
a comprehensive collection of rare plants
and shrubs was already there and, in
addition, over a thousand acres of the most
interesting and varied woodlands and planta.
tions in Scotland. The gift has solved the
problem of a demonstration forest which was
as necessary to the student of forestry as the
hospital is to the embryo medical man. Ilt
may also lead to an important development
in connection with & proposal to establish a
national botanic garden in Scotland. The
original idea was to establish the garden on
the neighbouring estate of Glenbranter which
was recently acquired from Sir Harry Lauder
by the Forestry Commission, but there are

. many who consider that the Benmore estat

will be a much more suitable and convenient
site for a memorial garden to the memory
of the late Sir Isaac Bayley Balfour.
Benmore is gituated in Argyllshire, about
one-and-a-half miles from the head of the
Holy Loch, and about six miles from
Dunoon, which can be reached in little over
one hour from Glasgow and two hours from
Edinburgh. The woods on the estate were
planted between 1874 and 1883, and consist
.of an assortment of Douglas Fir and Thuja,
with some Scots Pine and Larch. A feature
of the arboretum is a specimen of Japanese
Larch which was brought as a seedling
from Japan forty-five years ago, and now
measures sixty-five feet in height and sixteen
and a quarter inches in girth. The residence is
beautifully situated, with a wide expanse of
lawn. The patriotic owner is a son of the
late Mr. Henry Younger and is chairman of
Messrs. William Younger and Company, Ltd..
brewers, Edinburgh. He was a director of
the North British Railway for many years,

and unsuccessfully contested |§ Edinburgh
constituencies on two occasions in the
Liberal Unionist interest. He has now

taken up his residence in Devon, and it was
only in the previous week that Mr. Greenlaw,
the head gardener, and the staff removed
south.

Tomato Leaf-Spot.—The leaf.spot disease.
though it occurs in this country, is not one
of the most serious to which the "Tomato
is subject. The reason for our relative
immunity from the disease is probably to
be found in the relatively high temperature,
fifty-nine degrees, at which the leaf-spot
fungus, Septoria lycopersici, produces spores.
In the northern states of America, on the

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— መ፦ —
————— ———

THE ORCHID HOUSES.

By J. COLLIER, Gardener to SIR JEREMIAH COLMAN, Bart.,
Gatton Park, Reigate.

Mexican Laelias.—Many plants of the early

blooming Laelia anceps have passed the
flowering stage and should be kept moderately
dry at the roots. So soon us the new roots
are observed to be developing from the bases
of the last made pseudo-bulbs the work of
supplying fresh rooting materials to plants in
need of it should be proceeded with.
Specimens growing in receptacles of sufficient
size to accommodate them for another season
need not he disturbed, but if the old coin-
post has become decayed it should be care.
fully picked from between the roots with a
pointed stick, and the dusty particles washed
out by the aid of a syringe or the spout of
& can, so that the drainage will be clean
and made perfect. The leaves and rhizomes
should ke thoroughly cleansed from seale
insects, and new compost worked carefully
and firmly among the roots and around the
base of the plants and rhizomes. Specimens
that have overgrown their receptacles and
have become somewhat bare of leaves in the
centres should be broken up, the useless
back pseudo-bulbs cut nway, retaining about
three sound pseudo-bulbs behind each lead.
and the portions made up again into plants
of a desired size. Osmunda fibre, broken
up rather roughly with the dusty particles
shaken out. provides a suitable rooting
medium. In re-potting these Orchids keep
the rhizomes of the plants just on a level
with the top of the receptacle, press the
compost fitmly and insert a few pieces of
crock here and there in the soil to assist
the free passage of water. After root dis-
turbance, water should Fe afforded sparingly,
but the surroundings of the plants should
be kept moist to encourage root activity.
Other Mexican Laelias such as L. albida,
L. autumnalis, L. furfuracea and L. Gouldiana
require similar treatment. To grow and
flower these Laelias. satisfactory they should
all be exposed to more light and sunshine
and a rather lower temperature than is
usually given Cattleyas and Laelio-Cattleyus.

THE FLOWER GARDEN.

By W. AUTON, Gardener to VISCOUNT ELVBDEN,
Pyriord Court, Woking, Surrey.

Anemones. — Successional batches of
popular St. Brigid and similar
should be planted so soon as the
the ground permits. ‘The time of planting
determines, to a large extent. the date of
flowering. and autumn-planted bulbs are
already in flower. Plantings made now will
extend the flowering period until May, after
when these Anemones become less valuable, as
many other subjects brighten the garden.
These plants prefer a light, well-drained
soil and liberal quantities of manure. Where
the natural soil is of a very heavy nature
it should be improved by the addition of
light material when preparing for planting.
By the planting of *'cliws " arrangements of
colour may be secured which are impossible
of attainment by sowing seeds: nevertheless,
the culture from seeds is of a very simple
character, and where a rich. moist soil
exists excellent results may be obtained in
one season. The ground should be thoroughly
prepared, and from seeds sown now flowering
plants may be expected. in September and
October. The woolly seeds should. be rubbed
an sand. and the (wo may be sown together
urlines. on. the surface and bo slightly
raked in. Germination is slow, and it is
important that the beds be kept free from
weeds until the seedlings appear.

the
Anemones
state of

2d

GARDENERS’

Salvia patens.—O wing to its intense blue
colour Salvia patens occupies a high position
as a bedding plant. Old plants which have
been stored should now be introduced to
heat to start them into growth. The tubers
of large plants may be divided and potted;
cuttings may be taken from these plants so
soon as growths of two or three inches are
available. Should stocks not be sufficient to
provide the required number of plants by
these means a supplementary supply may be
raised from seed.

Violas and Pansies.- -From seeds sown now
strong plants of Violas and Pansies may be
raised which will flower profusely during the
coming summer and autumn. Sow thinly in
well-prepared boxes or pans, prick off the
seedling so soon as they are large enough to
handle. and.grow them on in cool conditions
until they are ready for planting out. Violas
come remarkably true to colour from seeds.
and seedling Pansies yield flowers of delightful
markings and variation in colour.

FRUITS UNDER GLASS.

By F. STREETER, Gardener to MAJOR ALBERT PAM,
Wormley Bury, Broxbourne, Herts.

Muscat Vinery.— lhe vines in the Muscat
house should now be started into growth,
as these choice Grapes require a long season
to finish and bring to perfection. The house
and rods having been thoroughly cleansed, the
borders top-dressed with a rieh compost a
few weeks since, and the ventilators left
open, the vines will start into growth quickly.
Should the border be in the least dry it
should be soaked with tepid water; all white
Grapes require. considerably more water than

black varieties throughout their season of
growth. Keep the walls and paths damp,

and spray the rods gently with tepid water
early in the mornings and when closing the
house. Maintain a night temperature of
45° nnd a day temperature of 25". Bring
in another batch of Strawberries to this
house for successional cropping.

Early Vineries.—l io buds on early vines are
swelling fast and will require careful disbudding
where several are developing. Remove the
weaker buds with the thumb and finger. Early
disbudding pays and it is a waste of the
plant's energy to allow the shoots to develop

and show the bunches before removing
them. — The strongest bud will generally
show the finest bunch. I mention this
because many gardeners do not disbud
until they are sure of the bunch. The
temperature should be raised to 50° at
night and 55° by day; during a sharp

spell of frost keep the temperatures a little
lower and on no account allow the water
pipes to become excessively hot. Ventilate
the vinery with great care. I have used
thin wedges of wood where the ventilating
gear will not admit a small amount of air.
It is very important to guard against cold
draughts.

Early Strawberries. -The carliest plaats of
Strawberries are making good growth, and
a little stimulant may be given them to
cause the flower stems to elongate. Keep
decayed leaves picked off the plants and
stir the surface. soil lightly. — Furnigate the
house mildly should green fly appear on the
foliage. 11 is advisable to wash the pots
before the flowers open; should any of the
plants prove blind, burn them forthwith.

Tomatos.— The earliest
making rapid growth and will soon requiro
to be potted for the final time or planted
out. whichever plan is to be adopted. Pots
ten mehes in diameter should be used and
the plants stopped at the fourth truss of
fruit. Use a strong compost enriched with a
liberal sprinkling of bone meal and con-
taining mortar rubble. Ram the soil firmly
and grow the plants on m a temperature of
55 by night and በን” by day. Ventilate the
house, carefully guarding against cold draughts

Tomato plants are

CHRONICLE.

FEBRUARY 21, 1925.
until the plants are well established. The
finest Tomatos that I have grown were

a two-feet border of soil encased
and trained to a single stem to

planted in
by boards

the top of the house which was twelve feet
high, without stopping them. I strongly
advise growing some of the yellow-fruited
and Cherry-fruited varieties for salads. Red
spider is proving a very destructive pest
here in the Lea Valley, where Tomato and
Cucumber growing under glass is a great
industry. Flowers of sulphur is the best

cure for this pest.

PLANTS UNDER GLASS.

By F. J. CLARK, Gardener to Lt.-Col. SIR GEORGE
HOLFORD, Westonbirt, Tetbury, Gloucestershire.

Streptosolen Jamesonii (syn. Browallia Jame-
sonii).—This plant, with its beautiful orange
flowers, is an admirable subject for training
on the pillars of the corridor or conservatory.
provided sufficient light is afforded 11.
Established plants should now be partially
cut back, and if grown in pots or small
tubs, the plants should be repotted or top-
dressed with rich soil on starting into new
growth. Another quick-growing climber for a
wall or trellis is Swainsonia galegifolia alba.
but it needs to be grown in a position
which affords plenty of light.

Lili
Lily bulbs — be
they arrive and be
some other light,

s of newly imported
unpacked immediately
placed in leaf-mould or
moist material, in single

layers. Those intended for pot culture
should be potted with as little delay as
possible. L. auratum, L. auratum platy-
phyllum, L. lancifolium (syn. speciosum) in
variety, one of the best of which is

Melpomene; L. longifolium giganteum
L. tigrinum Fortunci are all suitable for pot
culture and are procurable at this season.
All those mentioned being stem-rooting. they
should be potted low down in the pots and

and

be just covered with soil, thus allowing for
later top-dressings. Afford the plants the
coolest possible treatment during their early
stages of growth. Plants of L. longiflorum

Harrisii and L. formosum which were potted
last autumn may now be placed in gentle

warmth with a view to flowering them at
Easter. Keep a sharp watch for aphis and
fumigate the plants or syringe them with

Quassia extract on its first appearance.

Watering Cuttings.—Sometimes loss accrues
from ‘damping off,’ due to evaporation of
moisture within the frames. To counteract
this it is usual to wipe the glass of the
frames or lights on the inside, daily, or the
frame lights may be removed entirely for
awhile, thus allowing the young plants to
dry, but they should not remain uncovered
long enough to cause them to flag. Though
al practical gardeners are familiar with
these simple practices, yet disap ointment is
often caused, owing to the non-observance
of one or others of them on the part of
young gardeners, and so I am constrained
to urge the Do cdm attaching to them.

HARDY FRUIT GARDEN.

By E. NEAL, Gardener to J. A. NIX, Esq.,
Crawley, Sussex.

Tilgate,

Figs. -Owing to the mildness of the weather
it has it has not been necessary to protect
the trees from severe frost, but it is a safe
pln to be in readiness with protecting
material should the weather suddenly turn
very cold, as it often does in the early
spring after a mild winter. Pruning mav
be done now on fairly safe lines: thin out
all unfruitful wood and sappy growths,
also branches that are not required. In
tying the shoots do not crowd the tree
with young growths; a distance of from
six to eight inches apart is sufficiently close.
Cut out all affected wood that shows the
slightest sign of brown rot and spray the
tree with Bordeaux mixture.

| S Aud We dubbi ; ad

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126

BULB GARDEN.

GLADIOLI.
Few flowers are more beautiful for the
embellishment of the garden during the

autumn than the Gladiolus in its various
types, and the spikes are valuable for cutting
for indoor decoration. Greatly improved
varieties have been raised in recent years
not only possessing a wider range of colour
than formerly, but the spikes and individual
flowers have been much improved also.

A good, loamy soil that has been well
enriched with decayed manure is best suited
to the Gladiolus; the ground should be double
dug and the new manure placed well below
the surface, so that the corms will not be
in contact with it when planted. Leave the
surface rough for the weather to sweeten it
until the spring, when it should be forked
over and made ready for planting.

Early in March each corm should be potted
in & small receptacle filled with a com-
post consisting of two parts loam, one part
leaf-mould, and one part hot-bed manure,

with a liberal quantity of silver sand. The
corms should just be covered with soil,
placing some sand at the base of each and

pressing the soil fairly firmly around them.
Label each variety and place the plants in
a cold frame on a bed of coal ash, watering
them in with a fine rose can.

If the weather is cold and the soil moist
watering may be deferred until warmer con-
ditions prevail. In any case this should not
be overdone or the corms may rot. When
growth is active the plants shoufd not be
allowed to become dry. By the time the
pots are full of roots, and the growth a few
inches high, the weather should be suitable
and the ground in proper condition for
planting the Gladioli in the open.

As Gladioli are plants of stiff appearance
they are most effective when planted in
rows of one colour or in blocks of colours,
four or five rows to each.

The rows should be one foot or fifteen
inches apart, and the same distance should

be allowed between the plants in the rows.
Turn them carefully out of the pots and
plant firmly, using a trowel. Great care

should be taken in doing this, as the young
growth is easily snapped off at the base.

When all the corms are planted, rake the
ground between them to give it a neat
appearance. and use the Dutch hoe
occasionally to keep down weeds.

By potting the corms and starting them
into growth before planting them in the

open, there should be no gaps in the rows.
Those who have no time or convenience to

pot the corms need not be deterred from
growing Gladioli. Good corms are fairly
reliable, and may be planted direct in the

garden about the middle of
later if the ground is cold.

Plant them about three or four inches
deep. placing some sand at the base of
each corm, and sprinkle sand over them.

In either case. the site should be
drained by deep digging.

Before top growth becomes too
plant should be staked neatly
loosely in order to allow the spike room
for growth. Keep a watehful eye on the
plants and ease the tte if it is compressing
the shoot or preventing its free development.

April, or even

well

each
and tied

tall.

Should the weather prove hot and dry.
the plants should be mulched with deaf-
mould or old mwushrooim-bed. manure. and a
good soaking of water given them. Thée

application of diluted liquid. manure once a

week will assist the plants to form fine
spikes and large blooms.

Nome of the colours, the blues and reds
especially, are apt to fade if the sun is.
very hot, and varieties of these colours
should be shaded with tiftany or scrim
canvas when the sun is very powerful.
Light poles may be driven in the ground
on the outside cdye of the bed. and thin
wire stretched across them to carry the
shading material. This should be fastened

THE

GARDENERS

80 that wind cannot blow*it down and break
the spikes. If required for room decoration
the inflorescence ma be cut when
the bottom two or t blooms are un-
folded; the others wil open in water and
provide an ornament for a long time. In

cutting the spikes do not cut into the
heart of the plant or the corms will not
be able to finish their growth; if well
grown. there will be plenty of length of

stem without doing this. When the plants
have finished flowering, keep the surface ot
the ground well stirred. with the hoe and
give the roots a stimulant occasionally. | So
soon as the foliage turns vellow. take up
the plants and hang them in a frost-proot
shed until the foliage is thoroughly dried
off, when the tops may be easily detached.
and the corms cleaned and stored. The primu-
linus hybrids have become very popular.
These are very light and graceful in growth.
and the spikes are ideal for vase decoration.
The individual blooms are not so large as
those of the older types. but they are of
the most pleaaingly soft colouring in shades
of orange, red, and yellow. The spikes are

most attractive when nine :» a dozen
are arranged in a large vase. The same
treatment as advised for the large-flowcred
varieties suits this newer type. R. W.
Thatcher, Carlton Park Gardens.
WILD GARDEN.
GERANIUM LOWII.
Waist hardly choice enough for better

places this is an attractive the

wild garden or woodland.

plant for

It may best be described as a gigantic
Herb Robert, for it closely resembles the

latter in every respect save size.
[1 is ዚዜ biennial and flowers. early in the
season. Self-sown seedlings of G. Lowi make

strong plants by the end of the year. The
following season they send up stout, angular
and many branched stems of a deep red

colour to the height. of two. feet or more
and these terminate in pairs. of flowers of
the same colour and form as the Herb
Robert but about one inch across.

The flowering season extends well into
autumn, when the dying foliage becomes a
briliant blood-erimson. It may be noted
that whilst the foliage of this plant in the
seedling stage is more or less hairy, the
leaves and stems of the flowering branches

are smooth and glossy.
G. Lowi, as | have suggested, is a hardy,
vigorous plant that. will hold its own in the

rough herbage of open woodland or wild
garden and = seedlings will frequently appear

on old walls and buildings.
GERANIUM ENDRESSIT.

ዘዝ hardy Geranium never fails to arrest
the attention of all unfamiliar with it, for the
colour of its flowers is an unusual shade - -n
chalky rose-pink. They are about. an inch
across and produced during the greater part
of summer on slender. branching stems rising
to about one foot in height, thus clearing
the pale green. slightly hairy leaves.

G. Endressit is à vigorous grower in any
good free louin that does not get too dry,
and it does not object. to some shade, often

doing well under tall, deciduous trees.
Propagation is a simple matter, for this
species makes a mat of rhizomes and these

are easily detached with their roots.

In this garden are naturalised what appear
to be hybrids between G. Endressii and G.
striatum. Of these there aro two distinct.
forms, one having flowers of a glistening
silver-pink, whilst those of the other are
the chalky rose of Endressii but a good
deal paler. These plants are extraordinarily

robust, doing well in rank grass or other
herbage in sun or shade, and imn a few
vears the plants, but especially the former
type. will make immense clumps a couple
of feet across. Oddly enough they seein to
seed true, any variation in character being
extremely rare. J. N. Wales.

CHRONICLE.

FEBRUARY 21, 1925.

HARDY BRITISH FERNS.

THE cultivation of hardy Ferns is becoming
increasingly popular year by year, possibly
owing to the vast number of beautiful
species and varieties that are available. The
delicacy of the fronds of many, and the
wide diversity of form and habit of the
fohage. together with the plant's suitability for
growing in partial or dense shade are some
of the claims Ferns have which appeal to
growers.

The essential conditions of Fern culture
culture. either the raising of plants from

spores or the growing of the mature plants.
are shade. moisture. and ample drainage; if
the delicate fronds of many are exposed to

the full sun. the plante suffer injury, but
where certain kinds succeed in full sunlight
then it is most important that the plants
have a cool and moist root.run. 11 ìs
generally supposed that hardy Ferns will

grow in any kind of soil—for a while they
will—but to attain their full beauty and
dimensions they should be planted in a northerly
or a north-west aspect, in light, porous soil,
such as fibrous peat, fibrous loam, and
decayed leaves mixed with a liberal quantity
of coarse sand. Though moisture is essential
it should not be present in the soil jn excess.
During times of drought watering must ኩር

resorted to and a fine rose watering-can
should be used. as Fern fronds are most
delicate. in texture. and may be broken if

watered vigorously.

Ferns are propagated by spores and division
of the rhizomes, which latter may be severed
with a few rootlets. The best time 10
transplant Ferns 18 during spring, when growth
is active and before the summer growth has
commenced, but planting may be done at
nlmost any time.

The raising of Ferns from spores is a very
interesting and fascinating occupation. Well-
washed 6-inch to 8-inch flower pots should
be half.filled with broken crocks. placing a
large piece. in a concave position over the
drainage hole, and finishing with very small
preces.

The compost
peat, two parts
zood. fibrous
be filed to
rim.

consist of
sand., and
loam, and the pot should
within one inch of the
Sprinkle crushed) brick or sand over the
entire surface of the compost, water the
latter well. and allow it to drain. Sow the
spores as thinly as possible, cover the pot
with a sheet of glass to prevent the growth
of Convervac. and place the pot in a darkened

should
silver

two parts
one part

part of a greenhouse. When in the dark,
care must be taken in regard to moisture.

as the soil should not be allowed to become
soddened, but just moist; when water is
necessary place the pot gently in a vessel of
water. Admit air occasionally, and also remove
the glass frequently and wipe it free of con.
densed moisture. Never allow the germinating
spores to become exposed to hot or dry air.
Germination 18. in the majority of species,
slow. Prothallia are formed which in due
time may be taken out in small quantities and
placed in other pots or boxes in a similar
compost to that advised for sowing the
spores. and transplanted. until finally the seed-
ling Ferns may be planted in the. garden or
rockery us desired.

It is practically impossible to give a
descriptive detailed list. of the numerous
species and varieties as numbers. are very
similar, although distinet when in full and

mature growth. 11 must suffice to enumerate
just a few of the most outstanding members
of the various families, and those worthy of
inclusion in every Fern lover's collections. Per-
haps the most noble of the several evergreen
Ferns are the Polystichums, of which there are
but few indigenous species; the varieties are.
however. very numerous and exceedingly
varied. They grow well in a mixture oi
loam. decayed leaves, and sand. These Ferns
need shade and are most vigorous in growth ;
the best of them are the forms of P.

ean’ vee 3t, 1923. A THE. GARDENERS : CHRO NIDLE. 2 2 N | m Du us |

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CWATERERS .

Great A mual Sale

ALPINE ud HERBACEOUS

. የ085.
GARDENS ይ — ap D —— ies nt ሠ FRUIT TREES d ROSES
GREENHOUSES = sag fer Eee cune ||3. GLADION and LLUMS —
ANDLAWNS Wi CI ES ONDE. LAWNSETE : RHODODENDRONS and.

MAMAS. -
FLOWERING 8806. ን

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‘Limited

TWYFORD Xs | ከ86.

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| end Salver Cups

Eom — BRERA ED de --

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=; 865. Vegetables

in. recent years

ILLUSTRATED
CATALOGUE

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Seeds

Potatoes

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Catalogue 3 — Guide to o
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F POP LAR” COLLECTION
dre ed of 18 Bush. Ross Trees,
ease ‘class varieties, for Garden effect) <>
CARE: BRITISH GR BEN E
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Lady Ashtown

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This Collection, carriage and packing Free 1i D 8
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ከኛ. HOME GROWN TREES.

ርህ ut Bine Teen, ይያ ተ. K 3
Shrubs, ቋር. * free e» ‘application tO 00

| HENRY? NERRYWEATHER 6! SONS Ltd.

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LIMES, PLANES, ELMS, Etc, el

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128

increase in size they should be gradually
accustomed to a greenhouse temperature ;
such plants fruit during the autumn and
winter. For a summer display seeds should
be sown the previous September. Rivinas
Srow freely in any good potting compost,
and as they branch naturally no pinching
18 required. Young plants attain & height
of twelve inches to eighteen inches, but if
so desired they may be grown on for a
second year, when they make large specimens.

ROSA POLYANTHA NANA, “FAIRY
ROSE.”

THIS dainty little Rose, which grows about
a foot in height, produces its pale rose-
coloured, double and semi-double flowers
very freely a few months after sowing. A
temperature of 55° to 60° is suitable for
germina ting the seeds; place the seedlings
singly in 48-sized pots, or three in a six-

inch pot. As they increase in size they
should be gradually accustomed to an
ordinary greenhouse temperature. They

succeed in any good potting compost.
SAINTPAULIA IONANTHA.

THis pretty little plant is very charming
for an intermediate or

violet to deep blue, which forms a striking
contrast to the yellow anthers.

Although a perennial, Saintpaulia ionantha
may be treated as an annual, as it may be
flowered in six months from seed.sowing.
Sow the seeds in a light sandy compost and
place them in a temperature of 60°. So
soon as the seedlings can be handled prick
them out into pans in a light, rich com-
post, and when sufficiently large place them
in small sixty-sized pots, using a compost
of three parts medium loam and one of
fibrous peat or leaf-mould, with enough silver
sand to keep the whole open and porous.
Ultimately, 48-sized pots will be found large
enough for the flowering plants, and
well-flowered specimens are very charming
for table decoration. An alternate method
is to place several planta in a shallow pan.

Especially good forms sometimes appear
in a batch of seedlings, and if so desired
they may be perpetuated by division or by
leaf cuttings. J. Coutts.

HARDY FLOWER BORDER.

ERIGERONS.

THe dwarf, cultivated Erigerons are most
desirable and decorative subjects for the
herbaceous border, while a few are very
suitable for the rockery. `

They fill a very useful position in tho
herbaceous borders, associated with Paeonies and
Potentillas, or planted in front of Delphiniums,
ete. They are in bloom from May onwards,
well into October and even November ; their
flowers are of various shades, from white
to purple and violet, while a few have
bright pink and orange flowers.

Of easy culture and not fastidious as to
soil, Erigerons may be planted in almost
any position in the garden; for cutting for
table decoration they are invaluable.

Those most suitable for the front row of the
herbaceous border are :—Erigeron Asa Gray,
which has a dense, tufted habit, and produces
innumerable straw-coloured flowers, each as
large as a shilling piece. E. Coulteri is a very
attractive species, with pure white flowers, with
a bright yellow disc; the plant is in flower
from June to August. E. aurantiacus blooms
during June and July, producing large, glow-
ing orange-coloured flowers ; the plant grows six
inches to nine inches tall, and is very effective.
E. Edina has snow-white flowers, produced in
abundance from June to August; this is a
dwarf variety, under twelve inches in height.
E. Elsie is a new variety of a graceful
pendant and neat habit, producing dainty.

THE GARDENERS

warm greenhouse..
The flowers vary somewhat in colour, from,

rose-pink flowers in abundance during July,
and continuing in bloom until October.
E. mucronatus is a delightful species for
semi-shade; it is of prostrate habit, pro-
ducing neat tufts of dark-green foliage and
myriads of small, Daisy-like pink and white
flowers all through the summer. E. Freemontii
has pretty. soft Lavender-blue flowers, very
freely produced. E. flagellaris somewhat
resembles E. mucronatus, but is more robust.
and has rose and white flowers. W. ZL.

*—— ——— — —— — — o — — —

INDOOR PLANTS.

SOLANUM CAPSICAS'TRUM.

THe note by Mr. John Heal (p. 60) on
this useful indoor plant was instructive.
Standard plants of Solanum capsicastrum
are very effective, and = afford a pleasing
change to the general run of indoor plants.
Specimens having a clean stem of from
fifteen inches to twenty-four inches may ከቦ
grown in two years from seeds. I have
found the small fruiting variety the best for
this purpose.

The seeds should be sown in the spring
and the young plants encouraged to grow
freely, all side shoots being removed. In
June they should be planted out in rich
soil on a warm, sheltered border, supported
by neat stakes, and tied as growth advances.

Apply water to the roots as required and

syringe the foliage during the evenings
following very hot days. By September,
clean, straight plants will be produced.

They should then be
placed in an unheated pit, which
kept somewhat close until the roots are
again active. Spray the plants overhead
daily during bright weather. row them in
a cool house in the winter and allow the
roots to remain moderately dry. In March
encourage them to make new growths by
placing them in a warmer temperature and
increasing the supplies of water.

As growth advances the planta should be
stopped, which will result in laterals being
produced, these forming the foundation of
the head. The treatment during the second
season is identical with the practice followed
the first season. Any shoots arising from
the base of the plants should be removed.
The berries are produced during the autumn.

When potting the plants endeavour to
accommodate the roots in pots of moderate
size, 88 these are generally the most
serviceable for decorative purposes. Hand-
some specimens of Solanum capsicastrum
&re obtained by growing on the plants for
several seasons. Colin Ruse, The Hyde
Gardens, near Luton.

ARDISIA CRENULATA.

Turis berry-bearing shrub is of slow growth,
but it is a long-lived plant, continuing for
years in good condition, and bearing a
crop of berries each season : indeed. not
infrequently, when grown under cool eon-
ditions, it carries the crops of two seasons
simultaneously.

Seeds of Ardisia crenulata germinate freely.
self-sown seedlings springing up around the
plant when staged on an ash or gravel
base. The young plants should be grown
in a brisk, moist heat to the fruiting stage.
afterwards inuring them to -cooler conditions.
It forms an unbranched, symmetricul bush,
furnished with short. spur-like growths, each
terminating in a loose cluster of bright
red berries. The growths are produced all
around the stem at regular intervals, and,
with one tier of berries overlapping the
other, the plant has a round, column-
like appearance. With age it becomes leggy,
and may be cut down to within a few
inches of the base, shaken out, re-potted,
and grown on. restricting the resultant
growths to one, or at the most, two of the
strongest.

Although

dug up, potted, and
should be

bare at the base. the old

CHRONICLE.

FEBRUARY 21, 1925.

plante are useful, decorative subjects inter-
spersed lightly among dwarfer subjecte

red W. Jeffery, 90, Stevenson Drive, Lang-
side, Glasgow.

PERPETUAL-FLOWERING CARNATIONS.
ONE of the subjects touched upon by

Private Gardener. in his interesting article om
* Perpetual-flowering Carnations.’ on p. 409,

in Gard. Chron.. is rust.
This disease is probably the cause of
much trouble, especially in private estab-

lishments, where comparatively few Carnation
plants are grown. every weakness being
more apparent. than among tens of thousands
of plants. Your correspondent states that
permanganate of potash will kill rust in a
few hours, but if such is the case, why do
we find him later dusting his plants with
lime ?

The fact is that rust is a parasitic fungus
and all the sprays in the world will not
kill it! If they would, why do the pur-
veyors of plants sell washes and powders
and at the same time cut the diseased
parts off plants before sending them out!
Spraying merely dislodges the ripe spores
and carries them to the soil and leaf bases,
and in a few hours another crop will be
ready to take their place.

I have charge of a
eollection, numbering about à thousand pot
plants, and it would be absolutely im-
possible to find a speck of rust on any of
them. Infected plants have been bought to it
from time to time, but by treatment they
have become free of disease.

The best way to combat rust is to start
with young plants, keeping them in a dry.
airy house. quite apart from the general
collection. The stock should be looked over
carefully every day to see if there is the
slightest sign of skin eruption, and if disease is
detected, cut the leaf off well below the
trouble, to prevent the spores ripening. and.
of course, burn all such pieces. During the
treatment, which should extend over three
months, water the roots very sparinglv, the
object being to prevent sappy growth.
Water without a rose to avoid moisture
being spilt between the pots or on the
foliage, remembering that the beautiful
glaucous skin of the leaves is a natural
protection against damp. Use fire-heat as
little as possible, and if employed. open
the top ventilators accordingly.

If this treatment i} given a fair trial.
rust will soon disappear. Having accomplished
this desirable end, guard against placing the
healthy plants where spores from diseased
stock can settle on them. By so doing.
and with cool, airy treatment. coupled with
careful watering, there is no reason why
the thought and worry of rust need be
entertained. Should red spider appear place the
infested plants on their sides and thoroughly
souse them with mild salt water, after-
wards shaking the plants free of the fluid
and replacing them in position on the
plant stages.

fair-sized private

TREES AND SHRUBS.

OLEARIA TRAVERSIIL.

Stk HERBERT MAXWELL in one of his
interesting notes (see p. 57 vol. Ixxiv.) referred
to several Oléarias, and I was particularly
interested in his remarks concerning Olearia
Traversii. He wrote to the effect that
possibly it was only worthy of a place in
a botanical collection, owing to the flowers
being so inconspicuous. I grant the flowers
are not showy. but for its fine. glossy.
evergreen foliage, good habit, and great
stature, this Olcarin is worth planting. and
above all its extreme hardiness on a cold
sea front makes it a great acquisition.

In these gardens we have tried most
plants that are hardy, or reputedly so. but
I state without hesitation, that we have
found nothing to equal this Olearia. We

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not underiake to pay for any contrilotions or lustrations, i er ት. አና UM ጠው ላሎ አጂ VUE መ ART dm
or do return pit a domnriunicat (ona. ‘or. illustrations, | Y

: | unless by special arrangement. The Editors do not koli:
|wtheciock. ees posible fer. any Cantons pred " A
Bier corresporilenia. —

Letters for yutiication m ነ nd AMpeciniena af dass Ux | arr tae M Re
dor naming, should be addressed lo the EDITORS, ታዲ — ——
4 Tavistock Strest, Covent t Garden, London. . Mrz ድፍ አባ ከ
. ቂረዘ/8ንሃ7)#ክ1ሮየ(ህክ« | — ie WRITTEN. ON ONR SIDR
SONLY OF THE PAPER, sent as early: in the werk ፀ።
< possible, and duly signed by the writer. ያያ. desired, the.
aii will not MEER, bat keit e S PION REALA ofi.

Minstrations. — Thé Enitore #7 T" gini br ev ne WaT:
select photographs or drawings suuiable yor: dre prodvatbsa
of gardens, or. uf remarkable Rowers, trezé, et —
“cannot bs responsible for lose. or tajuri, *

x Newspapers. —~Correapondenté rendor — à ipe deed :
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FrnRUARY 21, 1925.

popular etymology from the Latin word for
gold. The Orange is indeed the golden
fruit—Apples of gold in pictures of silver—

but if we trace the English and French
forms backwards we come to Spanish
naranja, and so arrive at the Persian

naranj or narang, which seems to be derived
from nar, a Pomegranate. Much interesting
information relating to this subject will be
found in De Candolles Origin of Cultivated
Plants and the writers quoted therein. As
for the Lemon, which is also written Limon,
we find it ultimately referable to the Persian
linun or limuna, Lemon or Citron. The
word Peach is itself also derived from
Persia. ‘

Turning, however, from this branch of our

subject, we have yet another source of
information from which to: draw in our
efforts to show the Persian Garden in
antiquity. That facile linguist, Viscount
Strangford, once wrote to Professor Max

Müller as follows :--* The words you mention
are all true Persian—ward unquestionably so :
but whether the old Persian form ward be
the origin or the issue of the Greek pocor,
it is difficult to say. and, perhaps. is more
for the botanist to settle than the philologist.
Gul means flowers generally 'in modern
Persian, gul-t-surkh being a Rose." Now
this word Gul has given us Gulistan, and
the phrase, In Gulistan est. is translated :
‘This is a garden of Roses." Though the
term Persia appears not to date from an
earlier age than that of Cyrus, we yet know
that as soon as the Persians began to play
ቤ part in history they attracted attention

by their love of flowers and íruits, gardens

and orchards, groves and plantations. When
the Jewish exiles in the time of Sennacherib
went from Palestine to the country now
known as Persia they found themselves in
a land of gardens. Similarly, writing of
Baghdad, in 1164, Benjamin of Tudela
states : “The palace of the Khalif at
Baghdad is three miles in extent. It
contains a large park filled with all sorta

of trees, both usefül and ornamental, and
all kinds of beasts.” It was, indeed, an
exact replica of the early Paradise. He

adds that the city was in those days three
miles in circumference, and states: “ The
country in which it is situated is rich in
Palm-trees, gardens, and orchards; so that
nothing equals it ካቤ Mesopotamia." When
Herodotus visited Persia he observed that
when a Persian was about to offer sacrifice
he wore on his head a tiara garnished
chiefly with Myrtle; and adds that when
the news reached the Persians that Xerxes
had taken Athens, it caused so great joy
" that they strewed the streets with Myrtle.

burnt perfumes, sacrificed, and abandoned
themselves to pleasure." They were thus
as familiar with the Myrtle as they were
with the Rose and Lily, the Peach and
Date, the Orange and Lemon. It should

be noted that the name Baghdad is derived
from bagh, a garden. ‘The Persians, there.
fore, had their Garden City.

1 do not know any work which breathes
the atmosphere of our subject more naturally
than Moore's famous poem entitled “© Lalla
Rookh.” ‘Seldom had the Eastern world
seen a cavalcade so suburb. From the
gardens in the suburbs to the Imperial
palace it was one unbroken line of
splendour. Through the streets groups
of beautiful children went, strewing the
most delicious flowers. around, as in that
Persian festival called the Scattering of the
Moses (Gul Reazee), till every part of the
city was as fragrant as if a caravan of
Musk from Khoten had passed through it."

These are but gleanings in a vast field,

the whole of which it would ከር impossible
to survey if due regard is to. be had to
the other nations of antiquity, such as
Assyria, India, and China; and if these, as
well as Egypt. Greece, aud Rome, are to
have their due meed of attention. Hilderic
Friend.

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

PLANTS NEW GR NOTEWORTHY.

JASMINUM BEESIANUM.

By the colour of its flowers, which are of
a deep rose or pink, and on some plants
nearly white, Jasminum Beesianum ia distinct
from other members of. the genus, the
flowers of which are usually yellow or
white. Although it can hardly be considered

FIG. 03.—DEINANTHE
(see p. 132.)

beautiful, its floral colouring makes it an
interesting plant. As is the case with many
other members of the family, the flowers
are sweetly-scented, although perhaps not so
strongly as those of Jasminum Sambac, or

the well-known J. officinale.
The genus Jasminum is noted chiefly
either for the beauty or fragrance of its

tlowerx, and not for the attractiveness of its
fruits. but what J. Beesianum lacks tn beauty
of flower it makes up with its fruits; for
it can be very attractive when laden with
its glossy. black berries, which remain on
the bush during the winter, looking’ very
conspicuous among the small, simple, short

181

petioled, ovate or lanceolate leaves. Often
the berries remain on when ‘the leaves have
fallen; for although the plant has a
tendency to be evergreen where it is sheltered,
when it is exposed the leaves fall during
the winter.

The genus Jasminum
Ligustrum, differing in the position of the
ovules, and more less deeply two-lobed
ovaries. Frequently only one carpel develops,

ie closely allied to

^»
CAERULEA.

but in Jasminum Beesianum both ovaries

usually develop, and the betries are ከኒ

pairs as may be seen in the illustration

(Fig. 52) of a spray taken from a plani
growing here on a north-west aspect, where
it fruits freely every year. |

J. Beesianum is ‘a native .of Western
Szechuan, growing along ravines at an
altitude of 1.000 to 2.000 metres, and was
introduced into ‘this country -in 1904. ላ
vigorous, straggling climber, it” delights lo
ramble over a shrub or small tree, and. .in
such position it shows itself off to much
better advantage either in flower or fruit
than when left to ramble about over the

mmo

— — *

መየበ[ሸለሰከ. Tt will root” ‘quite ‘freely, either as
enttings " or ‘lagers, and it is readily raised
ftom’ Seeds. ' : P; G.. Preston, Botanic Garden.
Cumbridu ነ oh epo

DEIN ANTHE CAERULEA.

DEtNAWTHE CAERULEA (Fig. 53) is the
Chihed¢ representative of a small genus of
the’ Order Sakiffngaceac and its botanical
postion in "this - “Oriler is in the tribe
Hydrangeae. This species was sent to
Europe by Prof. A. Henry who discovered
it at Hingshan in , the province of Hupeh.
The specimens he sent were considered
identical with Deinanthe bifida, the Japanese
member of this’ small genus. Later. how-
ever. Mr. E. H. Wilson introduced the
same plant to cultivation, having found it
in wet places on cliffs at Nanto in Hupeh
while he was collecting for the Arnold
Arboretum and it proved = diatinet from
D. bifida. E

Some seeds were secured by the late
Mr. H. J. Elwes, who raised plants at
Colesborne, where the species first flowered
in England during ‘August, 1909. Mr. Elwes
found that this perennial herb preferred a
moist, shaded position and grew more
vigorously planted ‘out under a north wall
than when cultivated in pots.

The average height of the plant is
one foot and the stems rise from the
of a stout, horizontal root.stock.
broadly ovate "leaves are very coarsely
toothed and vary from four to ten inches
in length. They are somewhat hairy on the
surface, but glabrous beneath. save for a
few hairs along the mid-rib. Sterile flowers
are few and small. half-an-inch or 80 across
and blue, whilé the fertile flowers are much
more important, each having five rounded
sepals and ;from six to eight — rounded,
concave, blue petals, enclosing a large
number of blue filaments and anthers. The
fertile flowers are nodding, but very showy.
The whole plant is intéresting, as the leaves
are grouped in pairs at the top of the
stem while the branched panicle is terminal.

ubout
end

The

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

Railway Economics.

During the twenty years, more or less,
which have elapsed since the first publication
of Sir William Acworth's little text-book. of
which the present* is a new and revised
edition, more revolutionary and far-reaching
changes have been effected in railway
management and procedure than would have

been dreamt of by the author or by any-
one else at the beginning of that period.
The railways have been “ nationalised " and
“ denationalised " ; rates have soared 10)
heights beyond the wildest imaginings of
the framers of the former maxima: dozens
of small, and some of the largest, companies

have lost for ever their identity in combines
of vast magnitude. Many of these pheno-
mena are due, directly and indirectly, to
the war ; they interest and concern everyone,
for there is no member of a civilised
community, even though he may seldom
actually travel. who does not depend upon
the railway for most of the necessities
of life.

The decisions of the Rates
Cottrmittee “however, appointed. in
the Ministry" of! Transport. on the
of chissification! of goods. interest. the
o The» Gerdéeners’ Chronicle in a particular
senses inasmuch ns the classification of
nursery produce of all kinds, especially since
the inérease in ‘charges, had weighed very
heavily onthe nursery trade, and many
anomalies exte. - Fortunately. the trade:
hroughe'the! Chaiber of Horticulture, was
able to prevail On the Coninittee in preparing
its lete seales toc remove the. worst of the
hiertahi pe previsuey suffered, and the result

24425 ቆሬ --------ዲል ey

Advisory
1920 by
question

readers

— —

The. Fylem ents. of, Hailtay እ ዘሀ
M. Aeworth, ኪ.('.=.1., M.A New
The Clarendon Press. os. (Xl. net.

ነነ sir Wiliam
Edition. © Oxtord.

TH E

GARDENERS

of ~~

—

negotiations — was " the -placing ©
cortain classes of nursery produce in very
much more favourable charge-scales than had
hitherto been the case.
The book in questio:
deal in detail with each class of
but it covers the whole field in a
wav, and the author succeeds in making
very interesting to the layman ዚክ subject
which, highly technical as it is, might easily

naturally,
produce,
general

‘does not.

have been carried above his head. A
completely new and interesting chapter
deals with * Railways in the War," and
another on ** Passenger ‘Traffic © closes the
book, which we can commend to any of
our readers as well repaying the time spent

111 dts. perusal.

How to Sue.*
IN every trade, however vizilant the
principals, however conscientious the customers,

there come times when payments hang fire,
when accounts are sent out agam and again
without effect, when — apparently =“ safe”
customers begin to evade their obligations,
and some aid other than ones own
persuasions seems necessary. [n the nursery

trade it is especially important. that payment
should be obtained promptly and regularly,
because the goods supphed are so largely
the result of wage-labour, which has, of
course, to be paid weekly, and admits of
no delay. Where goods supplied can be
had on long credit, there is no hardship
in permitting long credit to customers; but
in the nursery trade only a tiny fraction. of
the goods supplied can be obtained in this
way, and slow pavers have finally to be
sued. At. this stage. one [53 frequently
deterred by the complications of the pro-
cedure in county courts, or by the fees which
are charged) by a solicitor who undertakes the

duty, and it is here that the little book
under review would be very useful. Written
by a solicitor well versed in county court

practice, it takes a would-be plaintif step
by step through each part of the procedure,
providing for every contingency which is
commonly likely to arise. Apparently ehiefly
written for London tradesmen., it would
apply to anyone within reach of a county
Court, and is well calculated to smooth the
otherwise rather thorny path of litigation.

PUBLIC PARKS AND GARDENS.

THE “Ministry of Home Affairs has held
an inquiry into the application of the Warren-
point Urban District Council for a provisional
Order to acquire certain land. for providing
a recreation ground, and for sanction. to a
loan of £2.500 to defray the expenditure.

During the course of the inquiry. it trans-
pired that for the £2,500 the Council. would
only have the ground and a shelter, and that

it would be necessary to
supplemental loan for the provision of tennis
courts. a bowling green, an athletic track.
a football pitch, ete., the entire scheme being
estimated to cost. £5.210.. of which it was
estimated £1,210 would be obtained in respect
of an unemployment relief. grant.

apply for a

THE Urban District. Council. of Purley has
received sanction from the Ministry of Health

to borrow £7,350 for the purchase. of
public walks and pleasure. grounds: £5.800. for
the Higher Drive recreation ground, and £1.500
for Coulsdon Memorial ground) extension.

land for

THe Portsmouth
application 19 the Ministry of Health for
sanction to borrow ¢15.240 for making up
the proposed playing tields at Great Nalterns.
and for the appropriation of latd in question
for educational

Corporation will make

purpess s.
* Comily (C nil ናራ wade Easy. oor Debt Collection
SNimplitled. Dy ዜ Solicitor. Fitth Edition. London.
Etfinghiam Wilson, — 16, Copthall Avenue, E.C. 2.

Prier 4s,

CHRONIC LE.

1925.

BOTANIC GARDENS. *

————

Concluded from page 109.

that one of the
"seientifie " objections to botanic gardens is
that for work of this kind such institutiors
are needlessly expensive instrumenta: thet
equally good results may ከኮ anticipated if
the work of exchange and cultural experi-
ment be entrusted to cultivators who are
not botanists. Natural affection. we have
seen, induces a * botanist’ so renowned as
Roxburgh to express this very view. The
technical portion of the task no doubt. can
he provided for. But, if exchanges of plants
are to be of permanent value, there must
he an assurance that the plants. transmitted
are precisely identified = "This. can only be
assured when the plants imported by a dis-
tributing centre where there is no * botanist.”
have come from a botanic garden; or where
those despatched from such a centre are
received by a botanic garden. lt is also
fair to admit that in certain European
scientific circles it has at times been. urged
that the day of botanic garden exchanges of
useful plants is over. and that now the
work of the plant breeder should replace
that of the field-observer. But this 15 not
claimed by the student of genetics, whose
work is nowhere more highly valued than in
a botanie garden. Nor is it claimed by those
interested in plant - breeding and plant.
Importation in America, where the affection
for the nineteenth ceatury habits of thought,
still characteristic of Kurope, has died out.
The records of the garden founded by the
Government of Madras at Marmalon illustrate
the conditions under which the = phytologist `
who is not a “ botanist“ has to work. In
1780. the year oon which the Calcutta
Botanie Garden was founded. Dr. James
Anderson happened to observe on a “ Nopal”
plant some cochineal insects. He did not
know. and we may never learn, whether
the insect ከር noticed was that which sup-
plied the grana silvestris of commerce; it
was clear to him that it was not the true
cochineal which supplied the grana fina then

FrBHRUARY 21,

ፀዐ፣ር፪ዘዘርዘ፣

Ir os fair to remark

in demand in the trade. Nor did Anderson
know whether the * Nopal" on which he
observed the 'nsect. was that on whieh the
true cochineal could. be / raised. Anderson
reported his observation to his Government.
and through them recommoinded: that steps
he taken by the Court of Directors to
introduce the true insect. to India. The
Court sought the help of the War Office
and the President of the Royal Society :
plants of the Cactus ('ህር“. as the Opuntia
required was then. termed, were transmitted
to Madras from Kew. Writing on February
9, 1790, to the Governor of St Helena,

recommended that
Directors. shall first
genuine cochineal at Nt.
Helena, from whence. it may easily and
certainly be forwarded here. I send you
another box of Nopals by this opportunity
of the ship Pigot.” Again, on September 15,
1790, Anderson wrote to the Governor:
“Understanding that Nir George Yonge,
Secretary of War, is establishing cochineal
insects at Antigua with a view to tran-
sporting them to this country, m consequence
of my publications on that subject, 1 have
forwarded a dozen more Nopal plants that
you may have abundance in readiness for
their reception. A letter. of September 14,
1790, asking Government authority to place
these plants ** on. board. the Houghton under

* Having
Court. of

Anderson said:
the Honourable
introduce. the

the care of Capt. Munro," tells us that the
plunts were “twelve Kew Nopals.” In. that
letter. Anderson adds: You may nequaint
the Honourable the Directors, from my own
inspection o£. the garden there (Marmalon].
that it contains fifteen hundred. very thriving

s The Sir — Birdwood Memorial Lecture, delivered
before the Royal Society of Arts (Indian Section). on
Friday, January 9, 1023. by Lt.-Col. Sir David Prain.
C.M.G., CILE, LL.D., F.L.S., F.R.S. late Director
the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

FEBRUARY 21, 1925.

plants of the Kew Nopal, many of them in
flower, which might, if necessary, be im-
mediately multiplied into as many thousands.”
The plante reached St. Helena safely;
another letter to the Governor of St. Helena,
dated February 15, 1791, says: "I am
favoured by this Government with your
acknowledgment of the receipt of — Nopal
plants. which I have forwarded on different
ships, and am happy to learn they are in
so thriving a condition to supply an article
of vegetable food for the inhabitants of St.
Helena, for Covent Garden is not better
supplied with Asparagus than the markets
of the kingdom of Mexico are supplied with
the tender tops of Nopals which are every
day brought to table."

One consequence of Anderson's publications
regarding cochineal was that Bengal became
as interested in this adventure as Madras.
The first volume of the Calcutta Gazetteer,
interesting to-day mainly for its news letters
from the seat of war in Mysore, and for
its local advertisements, contains among the
latter an intimation that a * Nepaulry ` was
for sale. It did not find a ready purchaser,
for the notice had to be repeated with an
assurance that the plants were ready to
receive the insect. The speaker, in his early
days in India, did not know what a
* Nepaulry" was, and, so completely had
the term disappeared, could obtain no infor-
mation from more experienced friends. He

wrote therefore to Sir George Birdwgod,
and, needless to say, had his difficulty
cleared up by the return mail.

At what date the insect reached Madras
from St. Helena, the records do not say.
Anderson, though grateful for the sympa-

thetic help given him, was then preoccupied
with other duties, for he added, in writing
to the Governor of St. Helena, who was
also President of the Planters’ Society there:
* The importance of the war here prevents
my writing to iny Government, who have

duties of a very different nature to expect
from me at present, but you may acquaint
the Society that next year . . . . . . it is

my firm intention to shower the most choice
productions of Asia upon their island."

Thus, on February 15, 1791, did Dr.
James Anderson express the spirit that
always has guided and, doubtless, always
will inspire, those whose privilege it 18 10

be connected with an Indian (íiovernment

Botanic Garden.

FRUIT GARDEN.

THE BEST EARLY APPLE.

Seaaider's notes (p. 43) on this subject should
evoke much discussion; in the first place
because the season “early " 18 à wide one, as
he himself exemplifies; and in the second
place because the flavour and texture of
flesh which make strong appeal to one con-
sumer hold out no such enticements to another.
In my opinion the variety Mr. Gladstone,
eaten off the tree, and Beauty of Bath. are
the best of those mentioned, but the latter

has & fault beyond that of throwing its
fruits mentioned by your correspondent,
namely, slowness in coming into profitable
crop on strong 801, even on Paradise.
Both are commercial varieties of decided
importance. Of the rather later *'earlies `
named, Langley Pippin and Nt. Everard,
the latter especially, are exceptionally rich
in flavour; neither can, however, claim to

take rank with the satisfactorily. growers or

the big croppers, at least such is my
experience on a rather cold, strong loam
over heavy clay; on warmer land thev
may be more generous in these respects.
Seasider does not mention Owen ‘Thomas
(Cox's Orange Pippin x Mr. Gladstone) for
August to September: colour, size and
flavour are so good with me that l think

it has a future. W.T.

THE

GARDENERS’

APPLE IRISH PEACH.

ONE sentence in Mr. Chapman’s letter (p. 81)
regarding this valuable early dessert Apple calls
for comment, and excites inquiry. He accuses
the variety of being a poor cropper. This
18 inevitably the case if the trees are spur-
pruned, but my experience has been that it
is one of the most regular and abundant
croppers where its particular habit of bearing
on the tips of the previous year’s growths
is duly regarded.

In some gardens I
seen these growths cut
and the season's crop with them. At
Bessborough the pruners were always
instructed to leave the trees of Irish Peach
for my personal attention, and my method
was to thin out the lateral shoots each
year, and in «doing so to cut out, so far as
possible, only those which had no fruit-bud
showing at the tip. The laterals left to
fruit in any one season may then be cut
right back the next, and this method
preserves the general symmetry of the trec,
besides ensuring a constant development of
young shoots with their terminal buds for the
following season's crop.

One other point regarding Irish Peach is
that bullfinches are very partial to the buds
of this variety, and will attack them when
quite dormant, in January, as well as during
the more usual period of attack, which, in
the case of Apples, is just as the cluster
opens and the flower buds become separately
visible in April

In common with moat
of Apple, Irish Peaon
certain districts than in

have visited I have
off year after year,

other varieties
succeeds better in
others, but, even

so, it may serve a useful purpose 10
emphasize the above charaeteristies of this
early favourite. T. E. Tomalin, | Ntansted
Park, Emsworth.
APPLE ST. EVERARD.
THE remarks by your correspondents on

the best early Apples should serve to draw
the attention of growers to some of the
newer early varieties, of which St. Everard
is undoubtedly the best. James Grieve is a

good Apple, but rather large for dessert
purposes and more suited for exhibition.
Langley Pippin is one of the newer and

little known early varieties, and so is Owen
Thomas, raised by Messrs. Laxton Bros.
There is still scope for raisers to give us
a really good first.carly Apple. G. F.

THE YELLOW PERSHORE PLUM.

Mr. H. W. STENNING (p. 81) remarks on
the localised culture of the Yellow Pershore

Plum, commonly known as Pershore Egg.
When on a visit to Worcestershire last
summer I was told that it is only in the

Pershore area that this variety really thrives.
It is more than probable that the attempt
to grow it has been made in other fruit-
growing districts without much success. The
chief reason, however, why it is not much
grown elsewhere is that what the trade calls
* coloured " Plums make much higher prices.

The Pershore Egg Plum is always cheap.
In 1922, when there was a glut of Plums.
Pershore Egg could hardly be given away,

whereas other varieties sold freely enough
to be very profitable. Last year, when
Plums were scarce, the Pershore variety
bore no better than others—in fact nothing

like so well as Czar did in some places.
Personally, I should be sorry to plant it.
On the other hand, ] think there
are excellent prospects for those who plant
the | newer variety Pershore Purple. as
many market growers have done in recent
years. 1 have put in a good many maiden trees
in the past two years, and they are growing
splendidly; but of course I have yet 10
wait for the fruit. The variety is said to
be very prolific, larger than the Yellow

Pershore, and with the added attraction of
purple colour. It seems likely to replace
Victoria as a mid-season Plum in districts

where silver.leaf disease makes the culture of
this variety almost impossible. Market Grower.

CHRONICLE.

133

POTATO BREEDING.

— — —

(Continued from p. 114.)

HEREDITY IN THE POTATO.

HaviNG acquired a clear conception «f
the points of an ideal variety, the next
step is to search for means of producing

new seedlings which most nearly approach

this ideal. It is necessary, therefore, to
study shortly the results of experience
in breeding, and the definitely established

facts concerning the nature of inheritance in
the Potato.

A critical examination of the characters
transmitted from parents to offspring seems
to indicate that these characters are not
always inherited as independent units, but
that there are definite associations of them
which are practically always inherited together,
80 that if onc member of a group is found
the others may be expected. A knowledge
of these correlated characters is necessarily
preliminary to further investigations regarding
heredity in the Potato. It must be kept
in view, however, that these apparently
associated characters may be merely different
manifestations of the same thing.

Observations of the haulm indicate that
height of foliage is intimately connected
with maturity: early varieties are for the
most part low growing; late sorts, on the
contrary, are tall, while mid-season varieties
occupy an intermediate position. Blight
resistance would also seem to be associated
with maturity, earlies being susceptible and
lates resistant. Within the various maturity
groups there is a definite connection between
the number of stems on the plant and the
number of tubers produced; the more numerous
the stems—especially when these are thin—
the more numerous the tubers, which, however,
become smaller with the greater frequency.

Hard tuber-flesh is associated with good
keeping quality, blight resistance, and cooking
quality ; soft flesh, on the other hand, is
correlated with opposite characters. The
greater the proportion of cortex to pith in
the tuber, the greater the content of dry
matter, crude fibre, and starch.* Deep eyes
have not been found on Pear-shaped tubers
and are mostly confined to round varieties.
The recess at the heel end of the tuber is
also a feature of shape, being always found

on round varieties, its depth appearing
to be correlated with the depth of the
eyes.

The conception that the setting of natural
berries is correlated with low yields has not
been scientifically established, and a recent
workt seems to show that in most tested
varieties the cutting of flowers, instead of
increasing the yield, actually. decreases it.

The observations of Snell{ have established
a definite connection between sprout and
flower colours, pink sprouts being associated
with white and red-purple flowers, or blue
sprouts with white or blue-purple flowers.
White sprouts (i. e, very faint pink) are
correlated with white flowers and colourless
stems. Apparently, the development of pig-
ment throughout the plant cannot be dissociated
from the sprout colour. Müller& has further
indicated that the development of streaks of
colour in the flesh of the tuber is also
connected with the sprout colour; where the
sprout is white such streaks never appear.
Again, it has been observed that the appearance
of pigment on the skin of white tubers, when
these are exposed to light, depends on the
degree of the sprout colour, being most
intense on blue sprouted varieties. As this
is a very undesirable trait, seedling varieties

* Früwirth C. Handbuch der landiwirtschaftlichen Pflanzen-
Z. chtung.

+Snell, Dr. K. Blitenbildung und Ertrag bei der Kartoffet,
1923,

Snell, Dr. K. Kartoffel sorten, 1922.

§ Müller, K.O. Zur Kenntnis der Factoren der Antho-
zuanbildung bei der Kartoffel,

134

with blue sprouts should be tested for it
at an early stage. |

^ Theoretically, it should be possible to obtain
by continued self.fertrisation varieties which
are pure (homozygous) and will breed true
to type. Self sterility. however, 18 a dis-
turbing factor, and it is not easy to obtain
desirable characters and fertility in the same

seedling. Nevertheless, this is a line in
Potato breeding which has been largely

neglected, aud which 81111 offers a definite and
promising field of work.

On the other hand, the above system takes
time for its completion, it being estimated
that five generations of inbreeding are necessary
before anything approaching a pure state can
be attained. The breeder desires quicker
results. Genetie analyses have been made of
various varieties, and from these it is evident
that the Potato is a plant whose characters
* Mendelise." However, the authorities who
have carried out experiments on heredity in
the Potato have worked hitherto with com-
paratively little material; in consequence,
sweeping assertions or assumptions cannot he
made, and the best that can be done is to
indicate the characters which so far appear
to be inherited in a more or less regular
fashion.

Salaman* has found the undernoted char-
acters to behave as described :—
(1) Tuber.—The tuber shape has been

found to depend essentiall on the presence
or absence of a single factor for length.
According to this hypothesis a variety may
be pure (homozygous) round, pure (homozy-
gous) long, and impure (heterozygous) long.
The rounds breed true to type and are

recessive when crossed. Pebble, oval and
oblong varieties are hybrids.

(2) Stolons.—Very long stolons and very
short stolons breed true for length. Varieties

with medium stolons, when selfed, give rise
to families whose stolon lengths vary from
short to long.

(3) Tuber Eyes.—The deep eye is recessive
and breeds true; the superficial eve 18
dominant.

(4) Flower Colour.---For the development of
colour a colouring (chromogen) body is
necessary. A reddening factor is necessary
for the development of red purple and a
purpling factor requires to be added to
these before blue purple is developed.

(8) Immunity to Wart Discase.t-—(a) Im-
munity is dominant to susceptibility; though
this dominance may ከር imbhibited by other
factors.

(b) There are four types of immunes -

l. Pure immunes.

2. [Immunes giving fifteen immunes to one
susceptible on selfing.

3. [Immunes giving three immunes to one
susceptible on selfing.

4. Immunes giving vise immunes 10
seven susceptible on selfing.

(c) Susceptibles may be various sorts—

1. Due to the absence of either of the
immune factors, X or y.
2. Due to the absence of the comple-

mentary factor, 2, though either x or
v may be present.
3. Due to the presence of an inhibitor of
the immunity factor.

The behaviour of the various characters
on crossing cannot be predicted with any
certainty unless the genetic composition of
the parents has been previously ascertained.
The tables to ከር given in the next issue
will indicate how some characters behave
m cross-fertilisation. Jt must be remembered,
however, that these statements are based
on limited observations. Thomas P. M Intosh,
B.Se. (Agric), Edinburgh.

To be continued.

a Salaman, Dr. R. N. A Lecture on The Hereditary
Characters in the Potato. Jn. Hort. Soe, 1912-12.

ተ Salaman, R. N. and Leslie, J. W. — Genetic Studies
in Potatoes, The Inheritance of Immunity to Wart
Disease Jn. Genetics,

THE GARDENERS’

VEGETABLE GARDEN.

VEGETABLES FOR EXHIBITION.
(Concluded from page 114.)

THE best Cauliflowers are those of moderate
size, clean. and cut before the curds com-
mence to open out. The leaves should not be
trimmed off until the Cauliflowers are staged.
und then the curds should be covered with
paper until the time has arrived for judging.

Amoug Cabbages, preference should be
given to those of moderate size, with
conical heads, and not too hard. Savoys
do not gain many points at shows until
November.

Tomatos are of great value in collections,

and for single dishes all the fruits should be
as nearly one size as possible. fairly large,
Always presuming they have no ugly centres,
and of good form and colour.

Cucumbers are often shown in በ coarse and
old couditiog; quickly grown fruits that match
each other, and of deep green colour, with the
bloom intact are the best. Cucumbers with
swollen ends and large “handles” never win
prizes unless very inferior samples are shown
against them.

Vegetable Marrows | should
moderate size and carefully
skins should be clear and

Globe Artichokes are valuable for early
collections if quite fresh and succulent. Leeks
and Celery are now shown well so early as
August, but the latter must be large, clean,
and well blanched to be of assistance at
early shows. No collection of vegetables is
complete without a dish of Potatos.

It is unwise to mix up collections of
vegetables as it is so often done at the
smaller shows. It is best to keep each kind
together so that their value may be properly
estimated; the only exception being Celery,
of which an equal number of sticks may be
placed on each side of the collection. Carefully
surround each dish with matured Parsley and
endeavour to create as favourable an impres-
sion as possible.

also be of
selected. The
fresh looking.

To produce the finest vegetables, deep
cultivation, much hard work. care and
attention are. necessarv. 11. good — soils

Potatos usually do well and produce. plenty

of tubers suitable for exhibiting. Whilst
each variety may be said to have a show
value, there are certain sorts that are

invariably even and of handsome appearance.

It is remarkable that last vear when the
season was unfavourable to a good crop of
Potatos there were produced in some districts
some of the finest exhibition tubers ever
seen. While in others good, clean samples
were rare. ‘The best. Potatos, like many other
vegetables, are obtained from plants that make
quick. growth; those that are planted too
early and receive a check rarely provide
such bright tubers as are produced under
quick growth. ;

Early
the weather
medium size

planting 15. of course, subject to
and position. Seed sets of
should be selected, set up
in boxes. and carefully sprouted, reducing
the number of eyes to two. Such tubers
will produce handsome Potatos when planted
towards the end of April. Potatos grown
specially for exhibition should have plenty
of room for development.

Fresh manures from the stable or farmyard
are not suitable for Potatos; old Mushroom-bed
material. or good rotten leaf-mould is better.

Phosphates add to the brightness of their
skins in the same way as sandy soil does,
but tubers from heavy soils lack that
brightness which quick growth in good,

sharp soil produces. When lifting the crop,
carefully seleet the finest tubers and exclude
light and air from them as quickly as
possible,

CHRONICLE.

Fepkuary 21, 1925.

A dish of good Peas should bo included
in every collection of show vegetables duriiiz
summer and autumn. Choice samples ar^
frequently gathered from rows treated in
the ordinary manner, but, as a rule,
those exceptional pods to be seen at
most shows are not so obtained. The fincst
pods are to be had from thinly-sown plants

that have only just arrived at bearing
stage, therefore. pods forming before they

are required should be removed up to about
ten days before tho show. This is not a
wasteful proceeding, and is often done under
ordinary conditions to retard the crop. If
one or two good-sized rows cannot be
treated extra well, then be content with a
small sowing and see that the soil about
the roots is always in a moist condition.
Liquid manure, which is rich in phosphates
and potash, should be given the roots freely
when the soil is fairly moist.

Culinary Peas treated in the way l have
suggested will produce extra-large, well-
coloured pods well filled with fine Peas, and
if the pods are gathered with the dew on
them, laid carefully on clean paper and kept
cool, they will be in fine condition on the
show morning.

Much that has been said concerning Peas
i also applicable to Broad Beans. The pods
of these should be long, straight, well filled
and fresh. The plants should not be allowed
to become exhausted long before the pads
are required. To produce exhibition pods,
thin the crop freely, give tho roots plenty
of liquid manure, and apply a mulch of
some kind so soon as the soil has become
warmed by sunheat.

French Beans may be shown in July or
even earlier, long before Runner Beans are

available. The pods should be long, straight,
of even size, and tender. Thin the pods

freely until about seven or eight days before
they are required.

Such varieties of Runncr Beans as Colossal

and Perfection should receive. the same
libera! supplies of liquid manure as Peas,
and only the best formed pods should he
left on each. cluster.

Onions constitute a most important dish
in. collections at shows, and specimens
under two or three pounds in weight are
not likely to win. Although such large

bulbs are not in much demand for culinary
purposes the desire to grow large Onions
is ever on the increase, even though the
labour necessary to produce them is out of
811 proportion to. their. value.

The best and cleanest Carrots are produced
on a light, sandy soil that has been manure

freely for the preceding crop. In the case
of strong, heavy ground, unless boring holes
is practised, only coarse, ugly roots are
produced. Handsome samples of — Seurlet

Perfection may be drawn from = ordinary rows
in the open ground if the plants are thinned
carefully and treated liberally.

Young Tomato plants usually produce the
finest fruits: if they are given occasional!
top dressings of good compost to encourage
root action, cropped lightly, and treated
liberally, they will continue to produce
fruits of fine size and colour.

Celery is a most important item in large

collections. The plants need the most careful
attention 19 their. early stages, and trans-
planting should. not be unduly deferred. as
crowded seedlings are a long time before
they re-commenec. active growth. Liberal
waterings and feeding with liquid manure
are necessary to produce the best resulta.
Soot dusted freely over and about the plants
acts as a fertilizer, and also. serves to keep
slugs and the Celery fly away.

Good cultivation is necessary to produce
Cauliflowers, Turnips, and all other exhibition
vegetables, and only by careful attention
to aumerous details can they be brought
to. perfection. F. Jordan.

eee

/

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AAPA N f e

1925.

— — — — —— — — —

Daphne Laureola.—Can there be two varieties
of Daphne Laureola? Your note in the
issue of January 31 refers to it as having
no odour. As it grows naturalized -in [ከ6
wild garden at Wisley, in the woods on the

FEBRUARY 21,

Surrey Downs, and as I knew it in. my
boyhood in the Essex woods, the flowers
are very sweetly scented, yet I have read
elsewhere of its lack of scent. The bruised

bark is peculiarly unpleasant, as those who
cut shoots for the house know, but that
odour passes and leaves the sweetness of
the clustered, green flowers in all the forms
I have come across. Fred. J. Chittenden,
R.H.S. Gardens, Wisley.

The Royal Horticultural Secietys Amateur
Show.—Mr. A. J. Macself (see p. 40) observes
that :—* For a number of years past it has
been noted with regret that exhibits from
private establishments have dwindled almost
to the vanishing point, both at the ordinary
fortnightly meetings and the larger shows at
Chelsea and Holland Park," He goes on to

state that the same is true of provincial
shows, where, except in the cottager and
allotment holder’s classes. amateur’s exhibits

are almost a negligible part. He considers
that a combination of contributary causes
has made it impossible for private gardeners
and amateur enthusiasts to devote that time
and effort to growing for shows which they
were formerly able to give. I cannot agree
with this in so far as the person whom 1
know as the amateur is concerned. [| am
dealing in this note with the question as a
whole, and I -wish to point out the necessity
for putting the ‘private gardener" in ቤ
class by himself. Is the proposed show
strictly for the amateur at all? The title
of the show—in so far as the principal
classes are concerned—is, I think, absolutely
wrong. What is an amateur? The definition
of the word is—‘one who cultivates a
particular study or art for the love of it,
and not professionally; in general terms, one
who plays a game for pleasure, as disg-
tinguished from a professional who plays for

money. Nearly every game has its special
definition to meet its own requirements."
Now, let us examine the schedule. The

R.H.S. definition of an amateur is:—* No
person shall be permitted to compete as an
amateur who gains any part of his liveli-
hood by growing for sale, or for an
employer, flowers, fruits, vegetables, planta,
seeds, grafts, cuttings, bulbs, buds, ete., nor
any person in the employ of a nurseryman.
Any objection raised as to the rightful
qualifications of an exhibitor shall he referred
to the Council of the R.H.S., whose decision
shall be final" The schedule next points
out that (a) Classes for twelve vascs or pots
are open to all amateurs; (b) Classes for
six vases or pots are open for those
amateurs whose garden wage bill amounts
to not more than £4 a week; (c) Classes
for three or four vases or pots are for those
amateurs who employ no permanent gardener.
Despite this the title of the show in the
schedule and in the publicity announcements
of the R.H.S. is “ Amateur Flower Show."
In my opinion the only legitimate classes
in such a schedule are those under heading
*C." Take, for example, the classes for
twelve vases or pots which are open to all
amateurs. I suppose a gentleman with an
establishment employing a dozen gardeners
will be allowed to compete in these classes!
He exhibits, of course, in his own name,
but his produce, nevertheles, has been grown
by men who can only be termed pro-
fessionals. If such competition be permitted.
how can the show be called an “amateur”
show? In Scotland our leading societies
have classes which permit of a strong
differentiation between nurserymen, gardeners,
and amateurs. Classes are provided for
private gardeners, but in many cases the

amateur is allowed to compete in them.
Every encouragement is given to the
amateur. The R.H.S. system of allowing

THE GARDENERS

gentlemen who employ several gardeners to
compete as amateurs is wholly unfair to the
bona-fide, non-professional gardener—t.e., the
man who loves his garden and his flowers.

‘the man whom everyone who wishes to see
horticulture progressing wishes and hopes to

eneourage. I think that the time.has come
when a great

amateur, and give him a well defined
opportunity of showing his flowers and fruits
at its various exhibitions. Why not put the
private gardener in his proper place and
give him his proper status? 18 it not
absurd to allow his master to compete as
an amateur and to compel him—if he wishes
to exhibit in his own name—to compete as
a professional? I think our Scottish system
is the fairest all round. The real amateur
is a person who deserves every consideration
from the R.H.S. He is a strong supporter
of the society, and he is the backbone of
modern horticulture. ln closing, I should
like to refer to the lamentations of Mr.
Macself on the almost negligible part now
played by private gardeners. He is, unfor.

tunately, right. Modern conditions are
responsible. But if the powers gardener is
rapidly passing as a force at our great

shows his place is being taken as rapidly
by the amateur—where he gets a chance.
Let Mr. Macself go 10 such a show as
Glasgow; let him consider the wonderful
amateur ¢éxhibita; let him compare them
with those at any other show in the
country for number; let him examine the
quality. He will surely be convinced that,
given an opportunity, the amateur can more
than justify himself. Why do other societies
not give the same encouragement as the
now famous one in the West of Scotland.
The finest competition in Britain is to be
seen in Glasgow to-day, thanks to a wise
system of collaboration between the gardener

and the amateur. George M. Taylor,
Edinburgh.
A Carnation Competition.—The Carnation

competition referred to on p. 79, organised
by Messrs. Allwood Bros., is interesting. It
is stated there were 38,000 entries. I
presume Messrs. Allwoods were the judges.
I have grown Perpetual-flowering Carnations
myself for a good many years, even before
Mesers. Allwood Brothers started, so I think
I know what constitutes a good variety. I
agree that Mary Allwood is a good Carnation
and would not have been surprised to see
it head the list, although I have found
poor stocks of it in some places, as a result
of over propagation If Mr. Dutton or
Messrs. Stuart, Low and Co. were to conduct
& competition on similar lines amongst their
customers, one would expect totally different
results in each case. Competitions on these
lines would always give credit to some
varieties that are quite undeserving. If a
flower girl, on a good pitch in the west
end of London, had a bunch of Edward
Allwood and a bunch of the original
Enchantress (without any *''Supréme"), I
guarantee Enchantress would be sold out
before Edward Allwood. Grigor Roy, Bridgwater.

——Carnation growers are indebted to Messrs.
Allwood Bros. for their efforts to popularize
the Carnation. One of their recent efforts
on behalf of their favourite has been the
“Carnation Competition" referred to in your
issue of January 3lst. When I read the
results I must confess the figures somewhat
staggered me; they seemed to ከ6 like the
records of a Beauty Competition. If I had
not known that the firm advertises itself
to be the leading Carnation Raisers and
Specialists in the world, and that with such
a reputation to uphold they would not
overstate a case, I should, perhaps, not have
taken any notice of the result. As it is 1
am certainly very pleased to see that so
many as 38,000. entries were registered. This
leaves no doubt. as to the popularity of the
Carnation to-day. I am chiefly interested in
the Perpetual-flowering varieties, of which
class I grow quite a number commercially,

CHRONICLE.

society such as the R.H.S. °
‘should give more recognition to the genuine.

135

and here the results are somewhat surprising.
Only three American-raised varieties are in
the running; there is one raised by Messrs.
Stuart Low and Co., and eight by Messrs.
Altwood Bros., a most wonderful and gratify-
ing result from these British raisers’ point
of view. However, what I should like to
know, and doubtless Messrs. Allwood Bros.
can enlighten me on this point, is this;
were these selections made by gardeners and
amateurs who grow the varieties, or by the
general public at exhibitions, etc. where
thev saw a few flowers only, or were they
made from Messrs. Allwood’s catalogue, and
simply from the descriptions therein? It
occurs to me that the last happened in
some instances, and this would make the
competition of considerably less value.
My reason for thinking so is this: The
variety George Allwood received 7,640 votes ;
these votes must have been given before the
end of December, 1924, and yet the variety
was not sent out until the spring of 1924,
at 5s. each, according to Messrs. Allwood’s
1924 Catalogue. If every voter only pos-
sessed one plant, and everyone possessing
one plant voted for it, this was quite a
nice little batch to send out of a novelty,
and the growers were certainly not long in
making up their minds about its value.
Perhaps Messrs. Allwood Brothers will tell
us whether entry forms could be obtained
ad lib. for this competition. C. Engelmann,
Saffron Walden.

Proposed Presentation to Mr. J. S. Brunton.

—At the recent General Meeting of the
British Carnation Society the members
agreed that some tangible token of appre-

ciation of Mr. Brunton’s nineteen years’
Chairmanship of the Committee should be
presented to him on his retirement, and as
one of the sub-committee elected to deal
with the proposition, I appeal to those
lovers of Carnations who may not have
been approached from other sources to help
make this testimonial worthy of the occasion.
In spite of the fact that Mr. Brunton’s
many duties take him all over Great
Britain, the Continent and America, he has
proved his devotion to the cause by the
fact that during these nineteen years of
service he has never once failed to preside
at a committee meeting. Subscriptions may
be sent either to me at Hanover Square,
W.1; to Mr. C. Engelmann, Saffron Walden ;
or Mr. W. H. Page, Tangley Nurseries,
Hampton-on-Thames. Subscribers names, but
not the amounts, will be duly announced.
R. Forester Felton.

The Late Mr. W. Watson.—The announce-
ment in The Gardeners’ Chronicle of the
death of Mr. William Wateon, late curator
of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, will
have been received in the gardening world
with great sorrow. Mr. Watson was un-
doubtedly a true gardener and had the
interests of gardeners at heart. Mention is
made of his help in instituting the British
Gardeners Association. In this connection I
have reason to remember him; although
personally unknown to him he wrote to me
a very nice letter thanking me for a

short contribution I made to The Gardeners’

Chronicle on this subject, which was then

‘being much thought and talked about. The

pride he had in his profession was also

shown in an article he wrote to the B.G.A.

Journal on ‘‘Gardens and Gardeners’’—I am
quoting from memory. In this he stated
that the gardener’s work was equal to that
of a schoolmaster, superior to that of the
doctor, and second to none. The spirit
which animated Mr. Watson in his profession
is rarely found in these days. The news of
his decease, as you stated, will be received

with sorrow in all parts of the British
Empire by those who have served under
him. I am proud of the fact that one of

my sons served under him, and I have
reason to know how highly he was
respected and honoured by his pupils | now
scattered far and wide over the world. J
Corbett.

136

— — —— — -——Ó

| SOCIETIES.

UNITED HORTICULTURAL BENEFIT AND
PROVIDENT.

H. Curtis presided over the
this Society held in
the Royal Horticultural Hall. on Monday.
February 9. Sixteen. new members were
elected. Five members withdrew £68 5s. Od.
from their deposit accounts, and the sum of
£34 28. 91. was passed for payment to the
nominee of one deceased member. The sick
pay for the month on the ordinary side
amounted to £136 15s. 5d. and on the
State section to £117 195. 2d.; maternity
claims totalled £4. Grants amounting to
£10 12s. 3d. were made to four members for
dental and optical treatment.

The Trustees were requested to invest a
further £1,000. The Committee's report for
the year 1924 was approved for presentation
to the annual meeting in March. The
Committee has decided to hold its Annual
Dinner in May, at which the Earl of Bess-
borough has promised to preside.

MR. CHaAs.
monthly meeting of

GLASGOW FRUIT TRADE BENEVOLENT.

THE fifteenth annual meeting of this Society
was :held in the Trades Hall, on Monday.
the 26th ult.. Mr. Joseph Sprout, Kilmarnock,
presiding. The Secretary, Mr. H. 8. Girvan,
reported that the Society continued to make
substantial progress, the financial statement.
showing that the capital account had increased
bv £217 compared with £121 in 1923. The
whole cost of the pensions, as well as the
administration of the Society, was £25 less
than the income from investments alone.
The following office bearers were elected for
the ensuing year:—President, Mr. W. E.
MeCuig; Vice-President, Mr. David Stevenson ;
Hon. Treasurer, Mr. George Carruthers; Clerk
and Collector, Mr. H. S. Girvan. The annual
whist drive and dance was held in the Grand
Hotel, on the following evening. and was
attended by a company numbering 318. The
arrangements were in the hands of a small
committee consisting of Messrs. Michael Simons,
junr, W. E. McCaig, Alick McKay, and Neil
Currie, and it proved to be one of the most
successful social functions held under the
auspices of the Society.

READING AND DISTRICT GARDENERS’,

THE first fortnightly meeting of the spring
session of this association was held on Monday

the 26th ult. Mr. A. W. Gower, Chairman
of Committee, presided over an excellent

attendance of the members. The lecturer was
Mr. M. Goddard, Bear Wood Gardens, Woking-
ham, who gave an instructive and educational
discourse on * The Value of Observation in
the Garden." Reference was made by Mr.
Goddard to the great value obtained in
visiting other gardens, observing the methods
carried out and contrasting them with the
visitors own practice.

Mr. F. ‘TOWNSEND, Hillside Gardens, Reading,
was awarded a First-Class Certificate of Cultural
Skill for a magnificent group of Primulas

containing such varieties as Stellata Coral
Pink. Reading Blue. Crimson King. Reading
Pink. Giant Terra. Cotta. Pearl, and Double

Queen of Pink. A similar award was given
to Mr. G. CARTER, Chazey Hill House Gardens,
Mapledurham, for a dozen magnificent spathes
of Richardia (Arum Lilies) shown at the
Annual Meeting.

e The fortnightly meeting of this Associa-
tion was beld on Monday, the 911) inst.. Mr. A.
W. Gower presiding over a good attendance of
the members. The subject for discussion was

* Modern Gladioli. © and sn interesting dis-
course on. this flower was delivered. by Mr.
ላ. 4. Maeself. The. lecetwrer traced the
evolution of the Gladiolus. from the days of

THE GARDENERS’

V mm a ——

the old florists to the introduction of the
modernfprimulinus type and 118 hybrids. Mr.
Macself ¿said that April planting was common
at one time, but March is sufficiently late
for setting the corms, and, if the ground
has been prepared in the preceding autumn,
February is a suitable time.

In the discussion which followed the
following varieties were recommended for

planting :—Large-flowered types: Red Emperor,
Pink Perfection, Capt. Fryett, Majestic,
J. B. Walsh, Mrs. H. E. Bothin, and l'Immacu-
late; Primulinus type: Alice Tiplady, Salmon

Beauty, Jewel, Souvenir, Undine, Orange
Queen, and Sonia.
In the non-competitive soction, Mr. Gro.

CLARK, Dyson's Wood Gardens, was awarded
a First-Class Certificate of Cultural Skill for
several well-coloured stalks of The Sutton
Rhubarb, whilst Messrs. CooPER, Conisborough
Avenue, received an Award of Merit for a
similar exhibit, but lacking in high colour.

MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND
ORCHID.

FRIDAY, .February 6.—Committee present:
H. Ashley-Bell, Esq. (in the chair) Messrs.
A. Burns, A. Coningsby, J. Cypher, J. Evans,
W. Giles, A. Keeling, J. McCartney, E. W.
Thompson, and H. Arthur (Secretary).

GROUPS.

A Nilver-gilt medal was awarded to Mrs.
BRUCE and Miss WRIGLEY, Bury (gr. Mr. A.
Burns), for a group of Orchids in which
Lycastes of the Skinneri section were shown
in variety.

A. HANMER, Esq., Buxton (gr. Mr. Giles),
was awarded a Silver-gilt Medal for a group,
including fino examples of Cypripediums, and
a special cultural award was granted to the
gardener.

'S. GRATHIx, Esq., West Point (gr. Mr. C.
Branch), staged a group to which a Silver.
gilt medal was awarded.

Messrs. J. CYPHER AND Sons, Cheltenham,
were awarded a large Silver Medal for a
miscellaneous group.

-- - -መሙ

NORTH OF ENGLAND HORTICULTURAL.

THE annual general mecting of the North
of England Horticultural Society was held at
the Winter Gardens, Harrogate, on Tuesday,

February 3. Mr. Herbert Frankling, C.B.E..
presiding. The President of the Society,
Colonel Sir E. A. Brotherton, Bart., was

unavoidably absent.

The report of the Council,
the Hon. Secretary, the Rev. J. Bernard
Hall, Farnham, stated that the Council,
elected September, 1924, had taken over the
management from the war-time trustees, and
had presented a statement of receipts and
expenditure. On January 1, the Society
had a credit balance of £83 168. d., and
the balance now in hand was £126. Two
more Fellows had joined as life members,
and the Council proposcd to invest the £21
and carry forward tho interest each year
into the current account. At the April show
£253 was received on behalf of the Harrogate
Infirmary, and this sum has been handed over to
the Treasurer. "The Society was much indebted
to the members of the Advisory Committee,

presented by

us the work of reconstruction after the war
was made much easier through their willing
services. Their frends at Saltaire were the

first to rejoin as an affiliated society, and a
joint summer show was held on July 8
and 9. The following had been elected hon.

life ^ members: Mrs. H. lMlingworth, in
recognition of her help in raising £55 in
1912 for artists’ fees and the first issue of

the society's medals; and Mr. J. S. Brunton,
in recognition. of his past services as chair-

man of the Council then as chairman of
the five (war-time) trustees. and especially
when the existence of the: society was at
stake from 1016 to 1922. The continued

CHRONICLE.

FEBRUARY 21, 1925.

support of the Harrogate Chamber of Trade
was very welcome and encouraging. The
Council had decided to continue the September
show at Harrogate, and had fixed Sep-
tember 16, 17, and 18 as the date. A spring
show was provisionally fixed for April 16
and 17.

The Secretary and Mr. Hicks had had an
interview with Mr. H. Broome, Chairman of
the Royal Botanical and Horticultural Society
of Manchester and the Northern Counties, and
after consultation with the Orchid Society
(an associated society), arrangements were
being made to hold a January or February
show at Harrogate in 1926. when Orchids
would be a special feature. Since the revival

of the Society in 1922 four societies had
affiliated — the Saltaire Rose Society, the
Roundhay (Leeds) Horticultural Society, the

North of England Pansy and Viola
and the Orchid Society.
The report of the Society was adopted.
Mr. J. S. Brunton said it had been

Society.

decided to Award a Founders’ Silver Plaque

annually at the general meeting for merit
or distinguished services to horticulture, such
as superior culture, achievements in hybrid-
ising, literary or research work, investigation
of diseases or peste, or for any form of
service helpful to the development of horti-
culture in the North of England Horti-
cultural Society. Mr. Brunton said it was a
recommendation of the Council that the
plaque should be awarded to , Mrs. Bernard
Hall for the help she had given, mainly in
a secretarial capacity, her husband. The
work had been done in an unassuming
manner, without thought of reward or fee.
The sacrifices she has made on behalf of
the Society were deserving of the highest
reward. Having instituted the award. it was
a graceful act that on the first occasion it
should be given to a lady. The Chairman
also paid tribute to the work done by Mrs.
Hall, and said he had the greatest possible
pleasure in presenting tho plaque to Mr. Hall
for Mrs. Hall, at the same timc thanking
her for what she had down in the past.

and all they hoped she would do m the
future.
The Rev. J. Bernard Hall in expressing

thanks, said his wife had been much touched
by the desire of the Society to make the
award to her, and on her behalf he thanked
them. He added that the plaque was in
honour of Major Dent, but he desired no
mention of his name, and so it was called
the Founders’ Plaque.

ORCHID CLUB
AT the meeting of the Orchid Club held
on February 13, fine examples of Odonto-

glossums, Odontiodas, Lycastes, Cymbidiums,
and rare species were exhibited.
PREMIER DIPLOMAS.

Odontioda Joiceyi var. Tyntesfield.—Shown by
Mrs. F. Hanpv. The plant carried à magnificent
spike of sixteen flowers ; the individual blooms are
three inches across, the segments being broadly
developed and giving the flower a rounded form
The petals and sepals are marked with bright
crimson-red blotches on a white ground, the
margins and tips being pale violet. The
well-formed lip is white with a crimson-red
bloteh and a yellow crest.

Oncidium splendidum var. holo.xunthum.—Shown
by B. J. BEÉckToN, Esq. A chaste example
of this rare variety in which the usual brown
markings of the sepals and petals are bleached
to a uniform light yellow-green, and the
large. well-developed lip is intensely bright
sulphur-yellow

DIPLOMAS OF MERIT.

Lycaste Skinneri, Cussons) var.—From A. T.
Cussons, Esq. A large, well-formed flower
with broadly developed sepals of a rose-pink
colour, the petals being a darker shade with
crimson spots on the lip. The plant carried
ዜ spike of seven open flowers and several
buds from an immense pseudo-bulb.

FEBRUARY 21. 1925.

Lycaste Skinneri var. Hardyana.—From Mrs.
Harpy. A large flower of good form, the
sepals are white, flushed with rose, the petals
are dark rose, and the lip intense ruby-
crimson. This fine variety has been in eultiva-

tion in the Tyntesfield collection for thirty
vears.
CULTURAL COMMENDATION.

Lycaste Skhinnert Cussons var.--To Mr. F.
COOKSON; aaa to Haemaria discolor var.
Olletae.—To Mr. W. A. STEWART

GROUPS.

B. J. Beckton, Esq. (gr. Mr. W. A. Stewart),
staged a large group of mixed Orchids.
promiueat among which were Cypripedium
Olympus var. The Chairman and C. Florence

Npencer, Trias picta, Maxillaria crocea, two
tia* examples of Haemaria, and a large
specimea of Platyclinis glumacea with thirty

flower spikes.

ላ. T. CcssoNs, Esq. (gr. Mr. F. Cookson),
showed a large group of Cypripediums and
Cymbidiums; amoag ë the latter were C.
Kervalli and good examples of C. Gottianum,

C. Butterfly, C. Alexanderi, anl C. Lowio-
vraadiforum
Mrs. F. Hakpy (gr. Mr. Gildea), set up

a well-arranged group of Odontoglossums and
Odontiodas, among which were Oda. Redstart,
Oda. Joiceyt var. Coayngham, Odm, amabile
Tyntesfield var., a good white Odin. crispum,
and others.

Dr. CHaAvEN Moore staged Cypripedium
Gold Mohor, C. Radium, C. Noel Hardy, and
others.

ROYAL GARDENERS' ORPHAN FUND.

THE Annual General Meeting of the
Royal Gardeners’ Orphan Fund was held at
Simpson's Restaurant. Strand, oa the llth
inst., the following members being present:

Messrs. D. Ingamells, J. F. McLeod. C. H.

Curtis, W. Howe, J. Gregory, H. J. Jones,
P. R. Barr, J. Wort, HR. B. Hamilton,
J. M. Bridgeford, J. Cul, W. Thomson,
A. C. Bartlett, G. F. Tialey and D. Swain.

The Chairman of Committee, Mr. D.
lagaąamells presided; the proceedings did not

occupy long and the meeting passed off
without much comment. After the Secretary
had read the notice coaveniag the meeting
the minutes of the last annual meeting
were read aud confirmed. The chairman
then presented the annual report of the

Executive Committee, of which the following
are extracts :—

EXTRACTS FROM THE REPORT OF THR

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.

Your Committee have pleasure in presenting their
Annual Report, the thirty-seventh, and in announcing
that the past year has, in many respects, been a most
successful one for the Fund.

It is with gratification that your Committee announce
a substantial addition to the invested funds in 1924,
through legacies from old and valued supporters, including
£1,000 bequeathed by the late Mr. Anthony Waterer, who
for very many years contributed liberally to the Fund,
and whose generosity is very greatly appreciated; £100
left by the late Mr. James Harris, Swansea, and £25
bequeathed by the late Miss Rebecca Sneezum, who was
a subscriber fer many years.

sold during the war years, but

amd donations to meet the commitments of the Fund.
The total receipts from all sources during the past year,
including a balance of £795 Iks, lod. from 1023, and the
legacies referred to, amounted to £3,768 128. 2d. A very
considerable proportion of this sum resulted. from the
Annual Festival Dinner held on May 7 last at the Hotel
Vietoria, under the presidency of the Treasurer, Mr.
Edward Sherwood. Mr. Sherwood and. the members of
his family, including his father, the late Mr. Nathaniel
Sherwood, are counted amongst the most | valued
supporters of the Fund. The Committee: take this
opportunity የህ refer to the able manner in. which Mr,
Sherwood fills the post of Treasurer and to thank him
for consenting to continue in that important office. 1 ከ6
Fund is indebted to him not only for his eloquent appeal,
at the dinner. for the Orphans, but also for interesting
su very many of his friends in the work of the charity

These sums will help to
replace part of the Invested) Funds that were, perforce,
vour Committee would
point out that only the interest from these legacies and
Irom the capital sums invested is available each year, so
that they have to rely mainly ቦክ annual subscriptions

and thus bringing us new supporters. The Treasurer also
headed the dinner list with the sum of £250, which is
intended to he invested, the interest. to furnish au
allowance to a child annually to mark the oecasion of his
son’s birth, and for this donation also. the Committee
extend to him their sincere thanks,

Your Committee again have to acknowledge, with great
thankfulness, the as-istance rendered by gardening
associations during the past year.

Valuable amounts bave been raised by Mr. T. H. Cook,

Royal Gardens, Sandringham. Mr. F. (€. Stainsby,
Brocklesby Park Gardens, Lincolnshire, and Mr. W.
Auton, Pyrford Court Gardens, Woking. by means of

concerts and other entertainments organised by them on
behalf of the Fund, Your. Committee would. draw
the attention of other professional gardeners to this
method of helping the Fund.

The death of Sir Harry James Veiteh,
greatest Joss the Fund has sustained in recent. years, as
it is to horticulture generally. His kindness, liberality
and sterling character are qualities that endeared him
to all who knew him. He was keenly interested. in our

V.M.H,, is the

Fund, and by his death the orphans of. gardeners have
lost a generous benefactor and friend.
All will have learned. with the. deepest regret of the

death of Mr. Brian Wynne, who was one of the founders
of the Royal Gardeners’ Orphan. Fund, and Secretary
since 1899. He passed away at his home at Feltham, on
May 2, after a long and painful illness. Mr. Wynne was
known fo most of the subscribers, and his interest in the
welfare of the orphans was reflected in the etfieient
manner in which he discharged his duties as Secretary.
His loss is very deeply regretted. Fhe secretarial. duties
have been undertaken by Mr. George F. Tinley during
the long illness of Mr. Wynne and sinee his decease.
Another great loss the Fund has sustained during the
past year ids in the death of Mr. William Rates, the
oldest member of the Committee. During his long years
of office, Mr. Bates did valuable work for the Fund, and
he will be very greatly missed.

The balance
meeting.
Mr. lagamells, ii moving the adoption of the

Report aal Bala.;ce Sheet, congratulated the
members oa the good fortune of the Fuad ia

sheet was also read to. the

having received several substautial legacies
during the past vear. These, he said, would

be invested, aud help to replace the Livest-
ments that were sold duriig the war years
to meet the liabilities of the Fund. He
was glad to see that the ordinary receipts
were some £351 3s. Sd. better than in the
preceding vear.

The balance sheet showed that
iacome during the year, tacludiug a balaace
of £795 183. 10d. from 1923, aad legacies
amounting to £1,115, totalled £3,768 12s. 2d. ;

the total

the proceeds of the aaaual festival dinner
amounted to £1,073 Is. Od, and nearly
£400 was received in subscriptions and
donations. Paymeats ticluded the sum of
£1,075 Is. 6d., childrea's allowances; £85 ds.
priatiag avd posting List of Subscribers ;
£23 Us. d, post iges; £07. 135. 6d.
reat, lighting, fires; ete. Of the balance of
£443 65. lld., the greater umount was

required to meet paym sats dus oa January l,
1925.

The adoption of the Report and
sheet was seconded by Mr. F. J.
and carried without further. commet.

The meeting then proceeded to the election

balanee
McLeod

of officers. Liowel de Rothschild, Esq., was
re-elected President and Edward Sherwood,
Esq., elected a vice-president aad re-
appointed Treasurer. The retiring members

of Committee, Messrs. W. Autoa, G. H.
Barr, J. M. Bridgeford, Joha Cull, G. H.
Cuthbert, W. Howe, aad ነነ. P. Thoimsoa
were re-elected aad Messrs. W. (111(፡.
Reading, and R. Findlay, Supermtendent of
Greeawich Park, elected to till two vacancies.
The retiring auditor, Mr. P. R. Barr, was
re-elected aud thaaked for his past services.
Ou the proposition of Mr. MeLeod, secouded

by Mr. Ingemells, Mr. A. C. Bartlett was
elected Secretary.
The oceasioa for a poll uot ክሎ... the

following tei candidates were elected by the
meeting, namely, Joha Alexander Cuiaatigham,

Aileen Campbell Grieve, May Jeana Campbell
Grieve, Alfred = Alexauader Laurence, Jean
Laurence, Winifred Vern Wain, Jack. Wal.

Alisoua Margaret Waite, Andrew Milby Lamout,
aud William Lamont. Mr. P. R. Barr asked

the Committee whether the allowa.ces to the
children could aot be raised to say, 75 6d..
iustead of 08. per week. He said that all

realised how very different conditions are

TH E GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

137

to what they were before the war, and that
58. now represented a very small sum. The
Chairman in reply. stated that the matter
had beea fully cousidered by the Committee,
aad they had found themselves unable to
recommend an increased allowance, but the
question Was always before the miads of the
Executive aad when it was practicable no
doubt would be adopted.

A vote of thaaks to the Chairman coi-
eluded the proceedings. Mr. McLeod in

proposing the vote of thanks referred to the
valuable work Mr. Ligamells had done for
the Royal Gardeners’ Orphan Fund and to
his kind aature and excellent qualities as a

chairman. Mr. G. F. Tiiley, who seconded,
said that Mr. Jiagamells was one of the
hardest workers for the Fund, and the new

Secretary would fiad him ever ready to help
oa such occasions as the Annual Festival
Diaaer, also that he was one of the most
lovable of mea to work with, and did not
spare himself ia anything he could do for the
welfare of the orphans, ia whom he took
the very deepest interest.

ROYAL SCOTTISH ARBORICULTURAL.

THE annual business meeting of this
Society was held in the Lecture Hall of the

Forestry Department of the University,
George Square, Edinburgh, on February 6,

the Earl of Moray, president, in the chair.

The report by the Council showed that
the membership was 1.695, an increase of
thirteen on the previous year. It was also
intimated that the Society s collection of
timbers exhibitel at Wembley, and those
housed at Saughton Park, Edinburgh, had
been offered to and accepted by the
University authorities for incorporation in
the museum at George Square, where they
would be available to any one who wished
to examine them. — Exteosive damage by
squirrels in the north of Scotland aad the
increased attention which all the political
parties were now giving to forestry were
also referred to. Tho funds of the Society,
it was stated, stood at, approximately,
72,000.

The following oftice-bearers were elected in
place of those who retired by rotation :—President
Sir Joha R. Gladstoue, Bart., of Fasque ; vice-
presideat. Sir James Campbell, LL.D., D.L.,
Ediaburgh ; couicillors, Messrs. R. Allan, J.P.,
F.S.L, Polkemmet; J. Edwards, Culhora ;
A. Finlayson, Newbattle ; F. Sime, Liveruess ;
aad Captain Win. Stewart. of Shambellie.
Nir John Stirling Maxwell, Bart., — was
re-elected hon. secretary, aod the secretary
and treasurer, auditor, hoa. editor of
Transactions, aid the other honorary officials
Dr. Mark L. Auüdersoa.

were also re-elected.
of the Forestry Conunissioa afterwards
delivered ay address ov * The Importance
of a Kuowledge of Glacial Geology to
Scottish Foresters.”

ROYAL CALEDONIAN HORTICULTURAL.

THe first ordinary monthly meeting of
this society for the current sqgsioi was held
at ጓሳ, St. Audrew Square, Edinburgh, on
February 3, whea the presideat, Mr. Robert

Fife, delivered aa address oa © Evolution in
Horticulture. The three flowers which he
specially dealt with were Boses, Dahlias,
aad Pansies.

The exhibits were: —Primula malacoides,
from Mr. D. Macdonald, Trinity Cottage,
Edisburgh; Primula malacoides alba, from
Mr. D. Armstrosg, The Drum, Liberton :
Aretostaphylos Maazudta, from the Royal
Botanie Garden, Edisburgh.

It was iatimated that the prize 1151 for the
iateruatioual show to be held jia September
would be issued this month.

138

NEW INVENTIONS.

-- መጻ

DEVICE FOR SECURING FRUIT TREES
TO WIRES.

We have received from Mr. Ernest Dyball,
Morley House, 26, Holborn Viaduct, E.C. 1,
a device (Fig. 54) for training and holding in
poeition growths of fruit trees, Roses, or any
plant which is trained against wire or wire
netting. The invention, which is known as
the **Handy Patent Plant Holder," is made
of wire, and the holders may be readily
attached to the strand of wire or wire
netting and so do away with the tiresome

54.—-SHOWING THE USE OF THE “HANDY
PATENT PLANT HOLDER."

FIG.

operation of tying-in the growths with raffia
or other materials. It appears to be an
excellent labour-saving device, and should it
prove that the stems are in no way injured
and are held sufficiently firm so as to prevent
them chafing against the wire—a point which
we are unable to pass any opinion upon
until a practical test has been undertaken
—the Handy Patent Plant Holder will
doubtless be of considerable service, es-
pecially to those who for lack of time and
want of experience find the important
operation of nailing somewhat tiresome.

LAW NOTES.

A ScorcH

NEWSPAPER VENTURE.

THE story of the start and sudden collapse of
The Scottish Gardener and Northern Fruit Grower
was told in Dumbarton Sheriff Court on
Tuesday, when John L. Carvel, Main Street,

Alexandria, was examined 10 summary
bankruptcy. He stated that he had been ia
the employment of Messrs. Benn Bros.,

London, for two years, and when ከፀ
entered upon the newspaper venture he had
a capital of £500, of which sum £300 was
his wifes money. He attributed his insol-
vency to insufficient capital and explained
that he had neither house nor furniture.
When he got into difficulties he communi-
cated with Lord Forteviot. who offered to
put a sum of money into the concern on
condition that a stipulated amount was
raised by the bankrupt, but the effort
failed. Questioned regarding certain adver-
tisements which appeared, he admitted that
a number were admitted free with the
object of attracting other business.
statement of affairs supplied to the Trustec.
liabilities were estimated at £411 and assets

at £300. but as the latter represented
monies due t$ the paper which he had
collected and given to his father, the
examination was continued to enable the

bankrupt to hand over the cash to the
Trustee, together with books in his possession.

TS - —— -ውው- —— ——

SCHEDULES RECEIVED.

ABBEY PARK FLOWER SHOW.—Thirty-sixth exhibition
to be held on Tuesday and Wednesday, August 4
and 6, 1925, at Lelcester.—Secretary, Mr. J. Staynes,
Town Hall, Leicester.

. WESTERN COMMERCIAL HORTICULTURAL SPRING SHOW.—
Exhibition to be held at St. John's Hall, Penzance,
on March 6 and 7.—Secretary, Mr. H. W. Abbiss,
County Hall, Truro.

THE

In the.

GARDENERS’
ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

AZALEAS FAILING: Sugarloaf. The trouble is
not caused by organic disease; no fungus
was present on the specimen you sent.
From your letter we assume that the
trouble is due to sodden conditions at the
roots, caused by ineffective drainage of the
pote and over-watering. You must also
take care when the plants are stood out-
of-doors that they are not subjected to a
check at the roots through inattention ii
watering.

Daisres oN A Lawn: H. C. B. The only
certain method of destroying Daisies oii
lawns is by removing them with a Daisy
fork or some other implement. The lawa
should be marked out into areas of equal
portions and each weeded completely of
the Daisies before proceeding to do the
next. Nitrogenous fertilisers, including lawn
sand. have the effect of making grass grow
very strongly, to the suppression of the Daisies
and other weeds, but the most thorough
plan of exterminating the Daisies 16 by
weeding.

GREEN GROWTH ON VERANDA STEPS: Conatant
Reader. Try the effect of serubbiag the
steps with a strong solution of caustic
otash or, by means of a mop, use an
acid of a strong nature. Diluted hydro-
chloride acid (spirits of salts) may be
efficacious, but in both cases you should
wear an old pair of gloves, and take care

that none of the liquid reaches the
clothes.

GROWING WATERCRESS UNDER GLAss: R-
Wilson. A Watercress bed may be estabe

lished in a garden either by sowing seeds
or planting rooted cuttings. Of the two
methods, that by seeds is the better.
because it provides clean plants. ላ shady
position on the north side of a wall of
moderate hoight is the best, so that the
plants may obtain good light without the
full glare of the sun. Frequent watering
wil be necessary in dry weather. Seeds
may be sown in spring or later. A June
or July sowing would give healthy young
plants for winter use. Sow the seeds ),)
lines twelve iaches apart, aad thin them
to six inches ia the lines to allow a
sturdy growth and branching habit. About
the middle of September some pans could
be drained and filled with sandy soil,
with plenty of leaf-mould or evea a little
well-rotted manure added. The pans should
then be filled with the Watercress plants
and placed in cold frames. The latter
should be kept closed for two or three
days until the plants pick up, after which
plenty of air should be given, or the
lights could be drawn right off in mild,
dry weather. A little before the Cress is
wanted, place a number of pans, sufficient
to give the requisite supply in a warm
house; this will induce a rapid growth of
clean leaves. A mild heat is sufficient to
enable the Cress to grow. If the plants
are not cut too low, and the heat is not
too great, it may be possible to obtain a
second crop from these prepared pans.
All the same. it is easy to fall back upon
the beds and fill fresh pans with plants
from the outside. If some beds are
planted of a suitable size to be covered
by cold frames, they could be covered in
January to furnish a supply in spring,
when the weather is getting warmer.
LEAF-MiIntnc MaGecot: T. C. You should
spray the plants with some distasteful
fuid to prevent the mother from laviar
her eggs on the plants. Quassia extract.
Hellebore powder, or similar insecticides
would be efficacious. After the eggs are
laid and the maggots hatched spraying is
useless, as the grubs are protected under
the epidermis of the leaf.

CHRONICLE.

FEBRUARY 21. 1925.

LONICERA NITIDA AS A HEDGE PLANT:
Lonicera. Lonicera nitida makes a capital
hedge plant. as it is ever-green and of good
appearance. It will be necessary to use
one or two wires to support the stems
until the hedge is complete and the
branches are rigid enough to hold them.
selves upright. After that period all that
is necessary is an occasional trimming.

Moss on A Lawn: E.R. W. M. and ሠ. T. 5. 11
would appear that the tennis lawn is lacking
in one or more of the necessary constituents

of plant food to make the grass grow.
Moss is often due to a wet or sour soil.
but the species you send comes up in

great. quantity on clay soils after a Heath
fire where no moss was present before:

it also grows on dry heaths where the
soil is poor and deficient in vegetable
matter, and most likely in nitrogen. This

latter is often scanty in clay soils after a
period of rain. At present we advise a
dressing of loam, leaf.mould and lime. the
latter newly slaeked. Old potting soil
would answer the purpose if sifted, as the loam
and leaf-mould should be. This material will
enrich the soil and help the grass to develop.
A gallon of lime may be used to a burrow-
load of soil. In March two parts each of
superphosphate of lime and kainit and onc
part of sulphate of ammonia could be
mixed and applied at the rate of three
ounces to the square yard. This could be
repeated a month later. If there are any
bare patches on the lawn by the beginning
of April you could scratch them with an

iron rake, sow seeds, and cover them
lightly with sifted soil.
NAMES OF FRviT: H. S. One variety of

Apple was decayed when received: the
other is Granges Pearmain. J. R. McG.
l, Lord Lennox; 2, Northern Greening.

NAMES OF Prants: H. W. Billbergia nutans.

M. T. Adonis annua.
WEED ON A SHINGLE DrivE: C. H. C. The
weed arrived in very bad condition. Both

it and the Potato in which it was packed
were putrid and offensive. The weed itself
was black and opaque, so could not be
examined microscopically; but, judging by
some short strands of it which could be
isolated, it seemed to be a species of

Vaucheria, whieh is an Alga and not a
flowering plant. If it was of a dull, dark
green colour, thready and growing in
masses, without any sign of flowers. it
was either Vaucheria or some of its allies.
Matcrial of this kind would carry best
over long distances in a bottle of methy-
lated spirit. Vaucheria can live on damp
ground. in fresh or salt water, according

to the species. Salt and weed-killer would
destroy the weed if the former could be
brought into contact with it in dry
weather. Finely powdered sulphate of
ammonia would answer the same purpose
in dry weather. Sulphate of iron at the
rate of one pound to a gallon of water
would be a good remedy, because 11
would penetrate beneath the stones of the
shingle. Here again dry weather is desir-
able to avoid the dilution of the weed-
killer; and although this is not reputed as
a dangerous poison, it is well to apply it
on the morning of a dry day so that the

shingle would get dry by night. The
proper way to prepare this is to put the

iron sulphate into a barrel or other wooden
vessel (not metal) and pour the sulphuric acid
over it. Then pour in the water gradually.
Never pour sulphuric acid into water or
vou may have an explosion or sudden
boiling up. The proportions are fifty
vallons of water, one pint of sulphurie acid.
and twenty-five pounds of iron sulphate:
or use half the quantity of each material
for smaller are as of the drive.

Communications Received.—34. 0.—k. M. H.—c. ሺ.
—R. G.—C. E. S.—Rut.—F. l.—R. W.—J. A. P.—
A. G.—J. K.—T. D.—J. €.—J. (1, W.—W. J. E.

1925.

MARKETS.

COVENT GARDEN, Tuesday. February 17, 1925.
We cannot accept any responsibility for the subjoined
reports. They are furnished to us regularly every
Tuesday by the kindness of several of the principal
salesmen, who are responsible for the quotations.
It must be remembered that these quotations do
not represent the prices on any particular day,
hut only the general average for the week preceding
the date of our report. The prices depend upon
the quality of the samples, the way in which they

FEBRUARY 21,

are packed, the supply in the market and the
demand, and they may fluctuate, not only from
day to day, but occasionally several times in one

day.— Eps.

Plants in Pots, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices,

(ላቨ 48’s except where otherwise stated).

THE

|

Adiantum s, d. 5. d. s. d. 5. d.
cuneatum Cyrtomium ... 10 0-15 0
per doz. ... 10 0-13 0 Erica melanthera,

— legans ... ... 10 0-12 0 48's per doz. ... 21 0-30 0

Aralia Sieboldii ... 9 0-10 0 — =-ብኀበ'=, per doz. 8 0-10 በ

Araucarias, — per Hyacinths, in
doz. — ... 90 0-42 0 boxes—

Asparagus plu- —white, pink and
mosus ... 12 0-18 0 blue. per doz.

—Sprengeri . 12 0-18 0 spikes... 30- 40

Aspidistra, green 36 0-00 0 Marguerites, white.

Asplenium, — per 48's, per doz.... 18 0-30 0)
doz. ... 12 0-18 0 Nephrolepis, in

—32'5 . 24 0-30 0 variety ... . 12 0-18 0

—nidus .. ... 12 0-15 0 —32's i ... 24 0-36 0

Azileas, per doz. 15 0-36 0 Palms, Kentia ... 30 0-48 0

Cacti, per tray, —6N's n ... 13 0-18 0°

—]12'&, 15's . 950-70 Pteris, in variety 10 0-15 0

Crotons, per doz. 30 0-45 0 —large 60's 50-60

Cvclamen-— —small ... . 40-250

—32"s .. 36 0-480 | ፦የ2'8 per tray

— 48's ... 24 0-30 0 of 135 .. ... 26-398
Cut Flowers, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.

Adiantum deco- 8.0. 8.0. s. d.s.d.
rum, በ02. bun. 18 0-24 0 Roses, Safrano per

—cuneatum, per bun. of two doz.
doz. bun. —* 12 0-15 0 | blooms ice 2 0- 3 6

Asparagua plu- l —per pad... . 8 0-10ህ
mosus, per bun. — Ulrich Brunner,
long trails, 6s 2 0 30 „per doz. blooms 6 0-10 0 |
med. sprays ... 16-26 | Violets, Parma,
short , — .. 08-13 | per bun. .. 0250-650

— Sprengeri, per bun. ` —single, per pad X 0-12 0
long sprays M 1 6- 2 0 Galax, American,
medium ,, .. 10-16 green and bronze,
short. i . 04-10 per doz. bun. .. — 30;

Bouvardia, white, Iris tingitana, per
per doz. bun ... 12 0-15 0 doz. spikes .. O ( 60

Camellias, White, Lilac, Dutch, per
per box .. 86-40 spikes .. ... 40-80

Carnations, — per | Lilium laucifolium
doz. blooms ... 3 0 50 album, per doz.

( Tn — -— | — one — —
var., doz. leaves 0 2 ኮ. መመ , ,

Daffodils— | doz. blooms 4 0-50

— Emperor, per | —short 1:9 — 99 . 90-40
doz. bun. ... 12 O18 በ) Lilium longiflorum

—Golden — Spur, long, per doz. ... 11 0-12 0
per doz. bun... 50-60 short ,, ,, ...10 0-12 0

--Henry Irving. r
per doz. bun. — ጋ3 ሀ- 6 ህ ር... 24 0-36 0

—hKing — Alfred, Narcisus— `
per doz. bun. ... 21 0 24 በ | - seilly White, per

—obvallaris, per ። doz. bun. .. £0 60
doz. bun. .. 30-25 | Orchids, per doz.

p ru PT ao 130 | -Catteyas — ... 24 0-30 0

Fern, French, per z >ypripediu ms -. 50-70
doz. bun. .. 09-18 Primroses, per doz. ሽ

Freesia, per doz. bun. ... — .. 26-140
bun. 4 0-18 0 Prunus triloba

— White per doz. (Dutch), perbun. 1 0- 1 6
To 24-30 Richardias (Arums)
renis if d per doz. .. 9 0-120

—Special, long, per Roses ]
doz. bun. 9 0-12 0 eri — Crop

French Flowers— ከ 1. E

Carnations, per R CATMONG ኑራ አ
bun .. .. 16-20 uscus, French, ,

Marigolds, per pad 7 0-10 0 | „ per x ad 10-20

Mimosa, per pad ። 0-12 0 trails... .. 20-30

—per bun. e 10-13 | snowdrops, doz.

Narcissus— bun. ... . 2030

--Grand — Primo, Sweet Peas, per
per doz. bun. ,.. 50-50 doz. bun. ... 15 0-18 0

--orhatus, - per - | Tulips, per bunch—
doz. bun. . 7 0-19 0 —Couronne d'Or 2 0- 2 6

~-Paper White, —La Reine . 10-20
per pad... ... 30 0-40 0 | —3fon Tresor 20-20

--Soliel d'Or. per —Prince of Austria 2 0- 2 6
doz. bun. 41uU- 60 —Rosina ... .. 20-26

Ranunculus, double —Thomas Moore 195-20
scarlet, dozbun. s 0-10 0 —W m. Copland... 30-40

—Carmine, per Violets, per 005.
doz. bun .. 80-120 bun s .. 20-80

KEMARKs:— Supplies of flowers ure generally more

plentiful both from home growers and the Channel Islands,
Datfodils and Narcissi are arriving in good condition from
the latter source, Other imported subjects include Freesia,
Anemones, Irises, Violets, and Smilax. Daffodils and
Nareissus ornatus from home growers are more plentiful
and excellent in quality. Tulips are also much improved
in quality, anda good selection is on offer, both single and
double varieties. Best quality blooms maintain their price.
The most prominent sorts are Couronne d'Or, Prince of
Austria, Cramoise Brilliant, Yellow Prince, Thomas Moore
Gris de Lin, La Reine, and Murillo. A few Darwin Tulips
are also on sale, such ag Willizun. Copland, Farncombe

GARDENERS’

Sander, and Pride of Haarlem. Of Roses Richmond is
the only variety from home growers, but more sorts are
expected. in à few days. ላ few Sweet Peas are the newest
arrival, but the spikes are only medium in quality. English
single Violets are in exeellent condition, but there is little
demand for them. Snowdrop and = Primroses are also
inereasiug in quantity, as well as a few mixed Anemones.
White and mauve Lilac is arriving in good condition from
Holland. Phe consignments of French flowers appear to
be sufficient Tor present requirements. White Stock and
Star of. Bethlehem (Alium) is taking the place of Paper
White Narcissus, which is practically finished. Mimosa,
Anemones, and. Kanuneuluses are reaching the market in
gon] condition, and their prices are easier.

Fruit: Average Wholesale Prices.

Apples— 8.0.8.0. | 8. d. s. d.
—Oregon New- | Lemons, Messina,

town .... ..140-170 | perbox ... ... 8 0-10 0
—Newton Wonder 6 0-10 0 —Mureia ... ... 12 0-14 0
—Bramley’s Seed- Oranges, Jaffa ... 14 0-16 0

ling— ... ... 80-16 0 —Spanish—
— British Colum- —300's ... 15 0-30 0

bian Newtown 130-170 ' —300's ... 16 0-20 0
—Spitz ... 13 0-15 0 ; —504'8 .. ... 16 0-20 0
—Winesap ... 12 0-14 0 —Californian Seed-
—Nova Scotia— ! less a e ሙጫ 96 0
—stark ... , 26 0-30 በ —Messina Bitters — 14 0
—Russett... ... ሠን 0-35 0 —Seville Sour ... 18 0-22 0
— Baldwin ... 23 0-30 በ —Malaga Sour ... 15 0-22 0
—Greening ... 24 035 በ Pears—
Bananas, singles 17 0-25 0 —Williams’s Bon
—doubles ... .. 17 0-27 6 Chretien . 1660
Grapes— —Clapp'sFavourit: 4 0- 5 0
—Gros Colmar ... 3 0-50 | Pines - .. 16-486
—Belgian Colmar, | South African

per Ib. . 26-30 Peaches... 6 0-12 0
—Almeria, per -—Chalcots... 60-80

barrel .. 30 0-33 0 —Nectarines 7 0-10 0
Grape Fruit, —Phims

Cuban . 23 0-23 0 —Santa Rosa 50-60
—Ja macia — 230 | —Wickson . 60-80
—Florida ... — 276 + Tunis Dates, doz. 3 6- 5 6

Vegetables : Average Wholesale Prices.
s, d. =. (1. | s. d. =. d.

Beans. Guernsey, | Greens, per bag... 10-20

perlb. ... . 3050 Horseradish, per
—Worthing £0 60 bundle ... . 20-26
—Madeira, per Leeks, per doz.

box m .. 20-060 bundles ... .. 260-36
Beets, per (|... 40-5 0 ፤ Lettuce, per dozen 6- 20
Cabbage, per tally 6 0- 8 0 —QOutdoor .. 20-30
Canary Island Mushrooms, cups 20-30

Tomatos . 14 0-20 0 —broilers ... ... 13-10
Cauliflowers, per Onions, Valencia,

doz E . 2-230 per case ... 14 0-18 0
Forced Mint, per Parsnips, perewt. 40-60

doz. ts ... 4 0-10 0 Potatos, Canary
Celery, best; washed, Island, per case 10 0-14 0

per bundle . 20-30 —Spring erop ... 13 0-18 0
—Second ... . OF TO Potatos, per ton—
Chicory, per Ib... 0 34-0 4 — Dunbar .... 220 0-210 0
Carrots, per ewt. 3 6 50 —king Edward 210 0-230 0
Cucumbers, — per —White ... ...U0 0-200 0

doz. " ... 12 06-24 0 —New Guernseylb. 1 0-0 10
Dutch Onions ... 10 0-11 0 Rhubarb, Forced,
Endive, per doz 20-30 per doz.... . 23-20
Batavia, per doz. 30-3 6 Savoys, per tally 7 6-12 6
English Asparagus— Seakale, per pun-
—Finest .. 70-80 net — . 19-20
— Best ] ... 10-50 Spinach, per bushel 3 0- 4 0
French Asparagus— Sprouts, bag .. 36-50
— Paris Green 76-80 Sweet Potatos ... 3 0- 40
—Lauris ... .. 8 0-10 0 Turnips, per cwt. 0-56

REMARKS.—General conditions are brighter than for

some time past. Cape fruits have been a feature, the
shipment consisting mainly of Peaches, Nectarines,
Plums, and Pears. and they. have sold. very well. The
Apple trade has been on the quiet side, the demand being
for high-grade fruits only; second-grade Apples, either
home-grown or imported, are not wanted. Some fine
Bramley’s Seedling Apples have been marketed, mainly
from growers who have cool chambers. A brisk inquiry
for best Oranges is ruling, no doubt the prevalence of
influenza being the main cause of the demand. — Forced
Beans are more plentiful and the high prices lately ruling
have received a sef back. Forced. Asparagus keeps its
priee level very well, in spite of the competition of foreign

Asparagus. Guernsey new Potatos are none too plentiful,
supplies being just sufficient for the demand at the
present prices. New Potatos from the Canary Islands,

Algeria, and Azores are a quiet trade. Tomatos from the
Canaries are selling fairly freely. Forced. Rhubarb is in
firm demand, all coloured stalks selling freely. Mush-
rooms are keeping a steady level both in supply and
demand. Plenty of good old. Potatos are still on offer
and meeting a fair market.

GLASGOW.

The volume of business transacted in. the past. week
showed a moderate expansion and the tone was firmer,
with a small advance in prices towards the close. In the
fruit section Apples advanced 6d. per case, and good
quality Oranges were also dearer, Jaffas averaging 16/-,
Sunkist, 18- to 20-; Blood 300, 16'-, and Valencia 240,
20-. Grape Fruit ranged from 23/6 to 25/-; Mercia
Lemons 300, 12:6 to 15'-, and Cape Pears, 06/6 to 7/- per
box. Gros Colmar Grapes improved, English grown
bunches realising from 3,9 to 5- per Ib., and Scotch, 3/6
to 4+-

The feature of the vegetable market was the recovery
in prices of Onions from the low levels recorded in the
previous week. Cases. of 5's made 16/6, 0'። 15/0, and t's
14--: while Duteh sold at 11:6 per bag. French Beans
were round. about (6) - per box; Lettuce, 1/3 to 2/- per doz.:
Seakale 1,6 to 26 per. bunch, and Watercress, 1/- per
doz.

Supplies of eut. flowers were plentiful and varied, whilst
the quality was generally of a high. standard. Prices. of

CHRONICLE.

l

-13 for 6's:

X1.

Tulips worked out the following averages, and the higher
figure represents the closing quotations :—Copland, 9d. to
Bartagon, 1 - to 1/6: Tea Ross. 9d. 10 11;
Austria, 8d. to 1-; Ibis, Couronne d'Or, Rose Ti ndre,
l- 10 13: Murillo, 91. to 1.-, and Len tre, 1.5 10 19.
Prices for Daffodils remained steady, Golden Spur at 1/-:
King Alfred, 1] 6 to 2 - 12's; Pheasant/^5 Eye, ኮባ. to 10d.
per doz. bunches: William Irving, 6-7: ornatus small, 8d.
to 10d. per bunch, large, 101. to 1 -; Pearl White and
Penzance Daffodils, 4- to 6-. Hyacinthis brought from
"d. to 1;-: Violets, 1 -; Mimosa, 5- to 6- per case;
French star of Bethlehem. 10 - to 20 - per case: Snow-
drops, 1 - to 2/- per doz. bunches: Duteh Prunus, 2- to
3/- per bunch: Anemone, 8d. to 1.7: Lilac white, 6- and
7 -, purple 3 6. Lily-of-the-Valley brought 7;- and &- per
doz. for English, and 4 - to 5 - for the Guernsey product:
10,- to 12 - per bunch for Lilium Harrisii, and 6- to 8 -
per doz. for Arums, Carnations fluctuated considerably,
moderate-sized blooms realising up to 26 and best from
3- to 4- per doz.. Wallflower sold at 21. to 4d. per
bunch: bowls of Hyacinths,1 9 to 2- each.

Pot plants are arriving in greater numbers. “© Sailors '' sold
at ue per doz., Araucaria 10,7, and Bays in tubs at 10.—
each,

THE WEATHER.

January was a very inild but dull month, northerly and
north-easterly winds being almost absent. Except on a
few days at the beginning and end, which were notably
stormy and rather wet, the weather was generally dry
and quiet, air pressure being unusually high. More than
400 hours of wind from East to South produced much
haze as well as cloud, and one hour or more of bright
sunshine was only experienced on seven. days. The
mornings were more sunny than the afternoons, owing to
the time taken for the daily smoke-cloud from East
Lancashire to reach Southport. (fn. spring and summer
the coastal diurnal sea-breezes produce an opposite effect,
and the afternoons and evenings are mach more sunny
than the mornings). The mean temperature oi the month
was 423 . or 34. above the average for 50 years. There
were only 30 hours of sunshine, or 103 fewer than the
normal number. Rain fell on 14 days, or three. less than
usual, and the total quantity was 220 inches, or nearly
half-an-jneh below the average. Gales occurred on six
days. and gusts at rates of from 75 to 80 miles per hour
were recorded at Marshade in the course of the Ist, 2nd,
and 4th. Hail fell also on. six days. Ground-frost was
limited fo seven nights. Thiek fog only occurred onee:
snow and thunder were absent, Joseph Barvendell, F.R.
Met.Soc., Borough Meteorologist, South port,

The WEATHER IN SCOTLAND.
January was dull, cloudy and. comparatively mild. The
mean maximum temperature. was $4.5 and the mean

minimum 36. This gives à mean temperature of 40.2 ,
which is 3^ above normal. The highest sereen tempera-
ture of 51^ was reached ቦክ the 1፲!ከ. and the lowest,
of 31 , on the 4th and Sth. an absolute. range of 20.
The lowest maximum of 38° occurred on the 22nd, and
highest minimum, 43’, on the ]lth and 14th. The
lowest grass reading occurred on the Sth and 6th,
viz., and there were 12 days of ground frost.
During the month, the soil temperature, with some
fluctuations, fell 2, from 4). at the beginning to
38^ at the close. Owing to cloud frequency, the
amount or bright sunshine recorded was small, being
only 40.2 hours. a daily average of 1.3 hour and
a percentage of 17. The two brightest days were
the Sth and 15th, with 5.8 and 5.7 hours respectively.
There were 12 absolutely sunļess days. Rainfall
totalled 1.99 inch. The wettest day was the 2nd.
which yielded . .68 an inch. There were 10 official
rain days, 7 days or precipitation, with less than
04 of an inch, and 14 rainless days (rainfall was
under normal). The mean barometric pressure was
fairly high, viz., 1015.7 millibars (29.994 inches) The
lowest reading of 28.827 inches was noted on the
2nd, while the highest (30.750) was on the 19th,
Snow was lying on the Ist, with an additional fall
on the 2nd, which,all disappeared during the day.
Wind assumed gale force on two Occasions, that of
13th and 14th being the greatest. Lunar halos and
coronas were observed on several nights, and the
solar eclipse on the afternoon of the 24th, was
excellently visible from the first contact until sunset.
John Davidson, Director of Studies, Meteorological Station,
St. Andrew's Provincial Committee for the Training
College Gardens, Mayfield, Dundee.

D

oft

GARDENING APPOINTMENTS.

Mr. Alfred Cavanagh, previously Steward aud Gar-
dener to Sir ARTHUR P. VIVIAN, and at the Royal
Gardens, Kew, as Gardener to CoL. BEDDINGTON, at
Villa Yolandot. Ospedaletti, Ligure, Italy.

Mr. Henry Duke, previously Gardener at The Lodge,
Felixtowe, Suffolk, as Gardener to R. O. HAMBRO,
Esq., Kidbrooke Park, Forest Row, Sussex

CATALOGUES RECEIVED.

DicksoN AND ROBINSON, Cathedral Mai-
chester.—Farm seeds.

D. TOWNSEND Broadmead, Sway,

Strect,

near Lymington.—

Trees and shrubs.
MAXWELL AND BEALE, Dorset Nursery, Broadstone
Dorset. —Alpine and roek plants, cte.
Foreign.
PETER HENDERSON AND Co., 33, Cortlandt Street, New
York.—Seeds. l
GLEN ROAD TRIS GARDENS, Wellesley Farms, Mass.

,

U.S.A.— Irises

HAVE

ግ | RÓVIDES 27/.
TU Bf. for 94.

' or f. 57... ፻፪:
l caplakan, ;

ROV (DES. granis -
VA “ሽበት Funds.

THE. SECRETARY, 35.

-— — —

ee — ፦ S S na PIE {we ks —

per: ‘gale 18. — doc tke

ROVIDES ynu. Wependanta. with Du en ir
: S20. at, dextli; according to Scale.

"ROV IDES. you: ‘with a Saviugs Bank. —
from- era and. ate c

ARDE NERS "

—— — ae — — Ia — ሚክ ብ. e

— — — — š

Eo pront or
FOTAR RXPERIENCE
| 0E à MEMBER -
880 BAS 2150.
ቼ0 Li CRERUT

Wet
ጋ — አ ወቅ

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xc.

—

CH RONIC ፲ይ.

— — — Na fae Sante gt bak RUTRUM.

OU PROVIDE

3855

—

እ; kii. n. 3.

StS eS —— — —

T- Sui sen Meses: 4 iha — may ay an x dim 2
2d. per week dar. an eara 4/-: sick pay, ot Ad. per week for an.

, extra. Bj- sick pay. “EHe 8° m addition de: “the ve Benolits zA
Sand £10! payable. ab death. S ከ1 i
v SPY rate: id Wuri D rented dhcp: 'ጸሬ ——— d pluri Y
cnp. Wo. tlie eel 45 Avars sip els Hb for: uietitwrebip..
Oates. jn IS. 'ቦኻቹ)8[6ሆ 6:16. the | papiet, ፣/81616/81/1ሁ- ity itis:

$ nau luz
1፻::4..ጎሃ, Teatat; ሃክ
My EU የክር

ALEXANDRA. ROAD, WEST. KENSINGTON, Me bs

Tües: fil)

"Ov vitm Lower s) tjibike, Marec Una
fiese Wardens, Rinkston’ i. Sume ji
, Pole dun aor! "ardens; Parking. Sure gc atrio

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i Pelisction A; t GENS rod. watts.”
n Bs = very Thole: parte az *
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Pes &

; "GRADE VINES

cfe “planting “OL Strong dong ዘመ n y
Miro educa each: 6 s —
yell pend. TM RECA OAS ሪር

8 1/6, 18/8, al framed treed.
ORCHARD HOUSE. T REES

Nectarinis, leg a tS and Zi» each. Apples

berries; 10'6 & 15/- ረክ. 4
a ASTLEY & SONS, s Ltd. a

ጨት ዲመ Low. bed en. ;
099. wu PARK. TELD,

Greawkousat $5 | የየጨ from
from - $8 1፳ 81 10.0 .- from 84. 4E e
— Üntilegus Ne. (87 pori f fie.

Y, BATH & go, ይ Savoy St. መስላ ገ... 2 i i

CHRYSA NTHE EMUMS ፡፡
je Gur Rovalty Tish 8 now — or General £4 ata logus, Rs

. ጠከ[ኮሄ the
“hints 0n cnim, ፳[ከ Aha- first vnrirlies. jn. ደ ንፍ nan

በፀዛጸዳ!- ሕከበ ኮ'ህ)ሶዉ( Varieties, with ሣጻ]በጻከ[

Raweriny Carnatitiia: ' Sent Tost. ጠረ WIE Jegpest. £6 5,

"Sheering Nurseries; HARLOW, ESSEX.
: au A NERIS How

4. 5ያ7

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REM

etka onal #« — uem * —— "eds

S. ልአ 45. Sad I

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"DOUBLES, i onlours, flowers; res large. SUME ponian. oa Se BEE: dm. SER sr sin et
cL. ow. Ae ከክጽዚ(1:99/0,882 do ee erie yaar RM
SINGLES, in 4: colin ra; véry- iang በዛፉ po Hower... RR ና 1:
ne dir mixed COlgB(A. SO co es Ih መሪ ንያ ANTERA doo ፓር 53/6.
8* iied, ür Areated, M 6 coloma os xe 1A — — —— መረሻ
ሌን | —— 6 rolowrg ካፍ ያ —

። } Cnilectians ot a large tubers 42 101006. ds —— ዳዓ a p sinite iai ሠ; —— —
citroen Cher OF [ነ >ስክ8 "Ner. : EY A EX ST P s a

60 dur: rax X AUU ጅ at 107061 iknüe. Megoulex : pe ERTAN ———

AA (]ሶጄህህ4. Folyànrüüs. Fhlox, Parmaa Plante, fe, nce ab

5 ዘ T

“The DNLY CÜLLECQLON. ‘ty? tinci 2 ገ — Hi & us
CGOLTOMEDAL the dughest award dütaináble- ' :'
flant NOW-- We HAV. pleasure A ering the. Aottowin f'olieetious which ack operat
“good value, 48 string APTA. Jota, hich: wi Bike a flne show

65:2 .-

PEENE Barts
CAY: Aout BPR EE:

L ANGDON
eese riana sie oben UR ts He ው ens ois at

de
EP T seeds. t high: percentage of puriy En germina
tae tien. thus Ensuring every: satisfaction,

Well. shaped © gyramids | አም "frei. UM. ድረ d: 188... 39.

0:8. ልክ Ue

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“variates. E. rap.

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WN "SEED

06188. “only. ‘the:
TAB Zi:
3 Msi, A45 18... LA 4. Pest) Paid

re ths. ad omer D ier. 45,፡ Cart, Paide

cef vals io:

G ር. Pita zi

GEN UINE N OVELTIES.

“MEW FEA (ሀዝብ FENLAND: WONDER, 3. rint, Beain Pe
— NEW DHION, ELSON'S MAINORDP, 19 pee: በክ S ;
bon TOMATO, ELSOM'S &PHINX, picks T4 8-3

X ዘጻ. ne 1 ig ዐየ ክብ pige Allustqated- alg
;:1"6:4. free oy puli niuita s

መ 8:0 ወፍር Ax SPALDIN ING. v |

*

AT lümburm potato and. fruit exporting frm, 8156

Afmporter& of spütheen frütts, arid auctioneers on
: the wholesale: market: wants sleeping or. active
| parincr or. joint interests: with. English firm.

KEITH LUXFORD & Co. 2 |

^ ,9፻.1159088ክ, to br anfdréssed 16 :
ve T e MM AEA: HAASENSTEIN ። VocLEr

Applications,

stating: rhe: hour ° =o funds

abs 88.. ERMAN YE:

in .-”-- ሙ y
— 1, 'ጾ ሰሙ
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‘COVENTRY. | oe SO

| : A በሐር፤ Directory

SPLENDID OPPORTUNITY 33

ET

KIRK'S Ex

Dy... Plent kind Vegetable ] Fonds (Registered)
P The. Beat in the Market for all purposes.
-EADIE which cannot be disputed.
Bes. :3(2/- ; eet. a8: beet, S/. Carriage paid:
Ty The n “ tae Manter ie al — As

ኣ። * Ed በ — inis Engistéhvgl |

Ti Wi a መዉ quee
MEN E

very ‘Fibrous. Yelow- Turf - Loam

For VINE. oPORDERS. CARNATIONS.
ROSES, MEL NS, CHRYSANTHENUES.
PRUITS © SUNDER :: 221552. CUM etes

— — — — — — *

Quotations Car riage Paid fo any. "Station.

A B. JOHNSTON,

New. Park, Cranleigh, ‘SURREY. ce
OTHE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE

t 3 ፡ The: ‘Horticiiltaral Directory às. ant being

E “reprinted i this year, ‘bur a limited: number

OF. copies, ef ahs” isur Tor 1954. re, avail:

able . he reduced - price. ae |
A Eee post. free. |

ተይይ ርሰ “ቀ he ህይር ig.

GARDENERS: * CHRONICLE, LTD. |.
a. adig 850. "ር Caviar Garden, SoS s Es

jen EXCELSIOR: T

LAWN FOOD &. “WORM. KILLER

(አከ. Bosius. rat fiv pest)
18 pers dee | የ1888 paid.

ና 89፡64 Manure and ጠመ bus — ኙ

Puperary 21, 1925 is ui THR. GARDENERS | CHRONIC CLE. = — | E

35 ECKFORDS GIANT RU |
| SWEET PEAS FOR 1925.

— —

| ! ZUR :

Br itish- Grown. Roses

-Flourish |

Gorge 694 Flowers. Magnificent, Stems. 2i

For a wealth of. cut Bawa, —8
For garden. decorat)ou ANN NOR M

‘For Bxbtibition :

CK PORD'S | AUR THE. woRUb's REST:

Js ‘SPECIAL OFFER ‘apeciaily: ism. 3» yncketa of
፡1 . Sektord's fiant Fried bweaet Pasa (8ፐ 1925, each:
seymrate and named. for W= a penuttit ul paige: #
cnlaür. The same, 2 ከኳቨ-ጊናርክ. የ5፻.ነ8'-.... ;

OTHER ‘COLLESTIONS oF AU AKT TRÜLLED . SWEET
PEAS, na (oliows, Yor 1228, contain: n. wonderful
Tange- of colour, All strong growers. ‘aaitable for $.
every: pitrpose—fior AA ደላ dor cut Hg
ME. mr vxhibttion: si

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= 5 : THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE. — — | የጩኗል፥ 66. 1985

ተ — መ — — — ee — — — — o — — — — — —

COLOUR PLANNING.
OF THE GARDEN

By GEORGE E. DALEY!
THOMAS HUMPHRENS . and
ላና IRVING, with an ን
= SPOT, by. 31155 . CUR RTRUDE i
JEKYLL, Add s Valour: Plets.
by Miss - UMS ONES “ARSON E
ate Aue . r ol PA *

mae 3825. : Telephone : T እዛ

500፲8. LONDON |
"HORTICULTURAL. STORES.

H SCOTT & SONS’
IMPROVED LAWN SAND

| > of

THE ENGLISH -
- ROCK GARDEN. -

1
1
— PRICE ; £3. 3» Od. n
MM e - ሠ መ ae |
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a ihe late Reginald Terre It iv intwo bie [ | SNL

| volumes. full of deeply: interesting and. extra- Ed E on Tawis = a AW ES “the spam

115 ስገ valuable information. - PD IU AE E ay —

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5 SCOTT'S LAWN MANURE tise i 1. io every -
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ናዊ. VINE AND. PLANT “MANURE. | 1

ቴዱ- per ew. 320 per fom. (carriage. pug |

ERS cht CHEONICLE. t Hd

Tavistock. Streat, andan wC. ጹ "HE purpose iot de Bog Et A
va r, r e.

assist 839 S Jayiog cut their
gardens: in an artistic manner, , having

| regard to the: colours: and heights: OE»

the: vations; plants. their, flowering 1
“SEASONS; | And. growing: capabilities.

| ||” ares 660 entries vs 505 coloured |

| ለ BOOK FOR TROPICAL GARDENERS. || Renomed ad [ዘሠ9/[ለ4
oe "THE MANGO: ‘ed

6. (MARSHALL woonrow, | | TREE & ROSE. NURSERY.

ህ፻ ede reputation 4s „steking à 3

ለሁ who haye. the advantage -
"of 3 tropical or ma apei :1.8.:4...
“866. should send for ao | a
| 6557 of this little brochure. SEE
Price ee gas port Re i :
GARDENERS” CHRONICLE. LTD. |
5, Tavistock Stret.. Landon, WS Sits ;

| በህ

capable; qualified -

COMMISSION A AGENT

Jur Great: Britain and ireland. nho

SY SM

| GARDENERS! CHRONICLE, 1 1d.
Le TAVISTÓCK STREET. |
| COVENT GARDEN, ደ x

“good connections,

; Ponies te NURSERY; Bows TN 5. Eds a E PK
Street, Covent Garden, Nw € at ARIA ርን ቁ pel :

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= 65 coltivate - them cénnot. do petter than ‘purchase the. dele book whose. tithe appe .=
2 above: d can. be abtained | fron > =
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(m GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, 6. ጾ. ‘Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W. s: 2. ENS

ቀ i . aa

፳ UNI

FEBRUARY 21], 1925.

THE GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE

XV,

SITUATIONS VACANT

Twenty words (or three lines including headline),

4s., and 3 8. for every succeeding eight words (or

line or portion thereof). Fee for having replies

addressed to this office, 18.

Advertisers desiring their Advertisements
repeated must give full particulars,
otherwise no notice can be taken of their
communications. Name and address alone
are insufficient.

Gardeners writing to Advertisers of Vacant
Situations are recommended to send them
copies of testimonials only, retaining the
originals. To part with original documents
means to run a great risk of their being
mislaid.

When addressing Box numbers, tt is essential
to give the initials or pseudonym, as well as
the correct number of the box.

MUNICIPAL AND PUBLIC.

SCHOOL,

CENTRAL LONDON DISTRICT
HANWELL, MIDDLESEX.

ጓኒ ጂብ immediately, a capable HEAD
'" GARDENER with sound knowledge of all
branches of the work and able to instruct class of boys
in practical and theoretical gardening.

Salary £185, rising £5 annually to a maximum of £260
per annum, without residential or other emoluments.

Apply by letter not later than the 3rd March, stating
age and experience and enclosing copies of reference to

A. R. COLLINGS, Superintendent of the District
school,
By Order,
GEORGE P. MORRELL,

Clerk to the Managers,
Central London District School,
Hanwell, Middlesex.
17th February, 1925.

COUNTY BOROUGH OF ST. HELENS.
IDHE Corporation of St. Helens are pre-

applications for the position of
with free

pared to receive
Parks Superintendent, salary £230 per annum,
house and coal.

Particulars of appointment and list of duties may be
obtained from the undersigned.

The person appointed must, if 30 required by the
Corporation, become a contributing meinber of the St.
Helen’s Corporation No. 2 Superannuation Scheme.

Applications marked * Parks Superintendent” and
accompanied by copies of three recent testimonials, to
reach me not later than the 28th February, 1925.

ARTHUR W. BRADLEY, M.Inst.C.E.,
Borough and Water Engineer.

Town Hall,
12th February,

HE RTFORDSHIRE COUNTY
ASSISTANT HORTICULTURAL INSTRUCTOR.
PPLICATIONS are invited for the post
4 of a male Assistant Horticultural Instructor at
the Agricultural Institute, Oaklands, near St. Albans.
His duties will be to assist. the County Horticultural
Instructor in the Commercial and Educational Horti-
cultural Department at the Institute; to give practical
and theoretical instruction in Horticulture to students at
the Institute, and to assist with leetures and advisory
work in the County. Salary £250 per annum. Candi-
dates must not be more than 35 years of age.
Last date for receiving applications 28th February, 1925,

Application forms and further particulars may be
obtained on application to the undersigned.

CHARLES E. LONGMORE,
Clerk of the County Council.

St. Helens,
1925.

C ov NCIL.

28, Castle Street,
Hertford.
14th February, 1025.

— — — — — — — — — —

—

Y)ROBATIONER WOMAN NURSE (age 18

to 35) wanted at The Manor, Epsom, Surrey
(L.C.C.. institution for the mentally defective), fer
supervision and instruction of female patients in poultry
keeping and gardening. Experience in peoultry-keeping,
preferably the semi-intensive system, and knowledge of
market gardening necessary. Pe ‘nsionable, Wages commence-
ing 27s. 3d. a week, plus, at present, 138. Sd. a week war
wages, Additional pay up to 3s, 3d. a week allowed in cer-
tain circumstances. 96 hours በ fortnight. Annual leave 14
days.—Write, or apply in person, to MATRON for form
of application (on which full particulars are given).
Canvassing disqualifies.

PRIVATE.

two, and lad,
must be keen good worker,
experienced in all branches, Inside
and Out, good character and references, wages £2 2s.
weekly, lodge in grounds, without family preferred .—
7. M. STOKES, Hill Crest, Evesham, Wores.

(4 ARDENER, HEAD of
f wanted March 25th,
thoroughly efficient,

Cyan ብ HEAD of two; can any

gentleman reeommend keen, energetic man for
Essex ; herbaceous, glass, kitchen garden, Mushrooms ;
accustomed to market surplus ; 35,-. cottage, wood,
Vegetables, percentage on sales.—B. C.. Box 39,
5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

W ANTED, keen, energetic GARDENER.

HEAD of two, 35:- a week, house, wood, vege-
tables, percentage on surplus sold: state if wife could
wash in house laundry; € hurchpeople. —MAJOR CAPEL-
CURE, Blake Hall, Ongar, Essex.

*ARDENEHR, HEAD WORKING, with 2

; under; wanted energetice man with complete
knowledge of flower, vegetable and fruit growing; little
glass; cottage on estate; apply by letter, stating
experience, age, family if any, also copies of referenees,—
McCLEAN, Huntercombe Place, Henley-on-Thames,

EAD WORKING. GARDENER

end of February home counties ; six men
kept.—Apply by letter, stating wages and experience,
to H. B. W., Box 40, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, London, W.C. 2

wanted

Y ARDENER. HEAD WORKING of
wanted good all-round man; wages 45- and
excellent. 6-roomed cottage.—State age and full par-
ticulars, (. W. O PHIPPS, Moorland, Bromham,
Bedford.

H E A AD )
three

two.

WORKING

are kept;

; GARDENE R., where

must hae good all-round experi-
ence of herbaceous borders, lawns, and glare:
personal references essential; good cottage.—Write,
stating wages and full particulars, ነነ, W., 17, Tavistock
Street, Covent Garden, London.

XARDENER, HEAD WORKING,

wanted:

። keen, energetic man, 28 to 40 : well recom-
mended and accustomed herbaceous borders, flowering
shrubs, Hose and fruit growing and pruning; one
with permission to show garden he is leaving;
pleasure grounds about 2 acres; ] acre each fruit
and vegetables; small greenhouse and frames; three
men kept: good cottage and vegetables; — Write
experience, references (copies). age, family if any,
and wages expected, PRESCOTT, Highlands, Wold-
ingham, Surrey.

AARDENER, WORKING.

another employed daily: experienced fruit, flowers,

lawn, rock-garden, some glass, vine, Tomatoes; sinall

furnished cottage, with bath: wife housemaid for

mornings, could also engage daughters as cook-general

and parlourmald : experience and wages, WIGGINS,
Hill Crest, W alton-on-the-N aze, Essex.

full charge of

required with mmaa under:
trained in. flower garden and indoors ;

state ave, experience, Wages; cottage
wife or daughters willing give some
housework — advantage,—OWNER, — Bodens
Ascot, Berks.

(4^5 ARDENER
thoroughly
good urower :
and light ;
assistance,
Ride,

— ——— —À ኤ

ANTED

e —— —— — — —— e — —

SINGLE -HANDED GAR-

DENER for permanent place; about two
acres ; single man preferred.—Write first. stating
experience and wages required, to KILROY, Lane
End, Everton, Hants.

(3 ARDENERH. SINGLE-HANDED., wanted,

where owner takes! great interest. in garden;
little glass; must. be keen, hard worker, and
first-class references; wife to help in house. if
good cottage; state wages; preference. to
one able to milk (or willing learn), only required
to do so very occasionally Newbury — district.—
BERKS, Box 45, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,
W.C. 2

TARDENER in

Y understand. his

very
have
required ;

Kent: must thoroughly
job. for glass and Outside ;
ulo look after cow; good cottage, — State wages
required to W. T, Box. 42, 3, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

W: ANTED, SECOND GARDENER. chiefly
herbaccous borders, rock gardens; must be
references essential; wages £2 per

experienced ; good l
NIBBS, Frimhurst Gardens,

week, no bothy.—Apply J.
Frimley Green, Surrey.

V TANTED, for Cirencester Park, Glos., good

SECOND, to take charge of glass ; experienced
in fruit, plants, especially Carnations ; also JOURNEY-
MAN, chiefly Outside; duty every other week 5/-,
with bothy, milk, and attendance.—Wages and par-
ticulars to R. SCOTT, The Gardens, Franka,
Horton Kirby, Kent.

V TANTED, good SECOND, no children
| willing to milk 5 cows, alternate week ends and
dnty: wife understands small dai wages 30/-,
cottage and milk.—C. CHEESE, Gar ener, Kenswick
Manor Gardens, Near Worcester.

Was TED, thorough good man as
SECOND: take charge of Vines, Peaches, Melons,

Plants; 35/- per week, bothy, ete. —1OW ES, The
Gardens, Salt marshe Hall, Howden, Yorks.
V TANTED. good SECOND for Kitchen
and Flower Gardens, state wages «and parti-
culars to HEAD GARDENER. Upham House Gardens,
Aldbourne, W Wilts.
ER-GARDENER waisted. age 22 to

TN
1... 25; Second of three;

to live cut.—Write stating
age, experience, wages to D.,

Julian Hill, Harrow.

ጓላ... good MAN to take
'" charge of glass-houses : must ከኮ well

fruit and flowers ; good cottage if required :
wages and experience —The GARDENER,
Weybridge.

Wea. beginning March, active young
man, single, as FOREMAN, take charge
Inside, experienced fruit, plants, and decorating, age
not under 26. Also experienced LEAD, single, for
Pleasure Grounds. Bothy and attendance, duty paid.
—Wefs. and particulars of experience and wages
Pneus. to J. MeWHAN, Osberton Gardens, Worksop,
Notts.

entire
up ín

atate
Brooklands,

ጓለ TED: FOREMAN § (Inside): experi-
^ eneed in Carnations, Melons: wages required,
with bothy, attendance; duty paid —GARDENER,
Joyce Grove, Nettlebed, Oxon.

WANTED. FOREMAN, for large new
rock and water garden, only those with first-
class experience in propagating and maintaining same
need apply: good wages to the right man; state full
particulars, experience, ete., to E. ROSE, The Gardens,
Michaelstowe Hall, Dovercourt.

Waste VD, ED. YOUNG
take charge of glass
bothy.—Apply,

Marlow, Bucks,

HAND for Pleasure

Grounds, not under 28, knowledge of motor
mower preferable, able to take duty: good wages,
with room to first-class man.—WELLS, The Elms,
Boe eu Road, Hampstead.

ርነ ሽክ MAN,
alpine, shrubberies,
32,7, bothy, duty
Norbury, Ashbourne.

MAN, age 26, to
department, must
be experienced ; HEAD GARDENER

Danesfield Park,

— — — —

Y TANT ED, LEADING

principally for lawns,
able to use seythe: wage
extra.—Particulars, HAMMOND,

V "ANTED. YOUNG MAN, single, Inside

and Out, two kept.—State age, wages, with
bothy, and all particulars: must be strong, willing.
and wel recommended.—GALLOWAY, Tweed, Boldre,

Lymington.

\ TANTED.

hardy fruit ;
kept; lodging close ;
G. BARBER, Hannington
Wilts.

ware

who
well-recommended ;
duty. —H. CRANE,
Highgate, እ. 0.

MAN for pleasure grouad and
age 24-30; motor-mower; four
duty: state wages required.—
Hall Gardens, Highworth,

for

has

Wages
Caen

kitehea gardei
had similar experience, and
33-. botby, 5- extra for
Wood Towers Gardeus,

young

MAN. about 28, experi-
pleasure grounds,
37., with bothy;
week.—Apply H.
Park, Cobham,

V 7 ላኢፕ?:]). age
| enced, to take charge of
motor lawn-mower, etc.; wages

6- for Sunday duty every third
COOK, The Gardens, Foxwarren
Nurrey.

WANTED. a

Inside, must
Carnations, fruit.
required, with
Oak Gardens,

thorough reliable MAN for
have had good experience in
plants generally. Ntate wages
ete, — BRINICOMBE, — Cross
Herts.

and
bothy,
Berkhamsted,

OURNEYMAN. .— Kitehea gardeu and
ዩ pleasure grounds; can use motor mower; age
about 24.—Apply with references, stete wages required ;
no bothy. J. LESLIE, The Lodge, Oxhey Grange,
Watford.

xvi.

ANTED, JOURNEYMAN, 'Outside, to
assist Inside when required; able to decorate
and take duty; bothy and attendance; duty paid.—

Apply J. G. QUINN, Cottesbrooke Hall Gardens,
Northampton.

TANTED, JOURNEYMAN, experienced

Melons and Chrysanthemums; state age and

wage expected with bothy: duty, 108.—HEAD GAR-
DENER, King’s Walden Bury. Hitchin.

—

ANTED, JOURNEYMAN, with expe-
rience, Inside and Out, wages 35/-, copies of
references, no bothy.—WESTBURY, Berkswell Hall,
near Coventry.
V ANTED, JOURNEYMAN, Inside, fruit
and plants, part commercial, no bothy.—

Full particulars, J. JACKSON, Tendring Hall, Stoke-
by-Nayland. Suffolk,

OOD JOURNEYMAN for plant houses
required, must be well recommended, bothy and
attendance, duty paid.—Apply G. F. JOHNSON, Wad-

desdon Gardens, Aylesbury.

W ANTED. JOURNEYMAN, chiefly
Inside.—For particulars of wages, bothy, etc.,

apply to W. WINGFIELD, Doddington Gardens,

Naniwieh, Cheshire.

ANTED, JOURNEYMAN, for fruit and

plant-houses ; must have good experience ;
wages 35'-, duty qui ላ. FULFORD, Burley
Gardens, Oakham, Rutland.

I [o GARDENER, single, wanted
about March 2nd, able to do rough carpenter-
on estate, previous
but not a
age, experience,

references, to

painting small
gardening preferable,
necessity; live out.—Apply, stating
wages asked, with copies of all
HASLAM, Danehurst, Uckfleld, Sussex.

ing, glazing,
knowledge of

ANTED, GARDENER HANDYMAN,

with no children; wife cook-general; live in;

country rectory, near London.—-RECTOR, Chigwell
Row, Essex. *
ARRIED COUPLE required, North

እ London, GARDENER, Inside and Out, handy-
man, wife good COOK-GENERAL, live 18, good home,
state salary and experience.—W. D. M., Box 53, 5, Tavis-
tock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2.

TRADE.

ANTED, expert PROPAGATOR and

GROWER of Carnations, Tomatoes, ete. :
wages 70/- to 80/- per week; state age and experi-
ence; abstainer preferred.—GROWER, Box » 5,
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 9.
Hoos and Alpines, good MAN

with knowledge TUS eene lifting, dispatching,

eto.—Apply with refs., SON, Dundee.

ANTED for West of England, MAN;
single preferred ; —— in Chrysanthemums
Roses, Tomatoes, and Bedding Plants.—State age and

wages required, enclosing references to A. S., Box 38, 5,
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

YROWER wanted. small range of glass,
: general run of bedding plants and pot planta
required: good lodgings near work; please send copies
of references and state wages required to HENRY
MILLER & SON, Elm (Speen) Nurseries, Newbury.

ANTED, a YOUNG MAN with expe-
rience in Vines, Tomato and Cucumber growing.
E. T. PARTRIDGE, LTD., Hampton, Middlesex,

ANTED, YOUNG MAN, with know-
ledge of growing Carnations; state, age, expe-

rience and wages, to N. W. VANDERW Y DEN.
Carnation Nurscries, March, Camhs. i

V /ANTED, First-class ROSE GROWER

used to propagating on nursery lines.—State age,
experience, and wages to T. BLACKBURN, Fenay
Lodge Nurseries, Almondbury, Huddersfield.

———M ታ

— — =<. መሁል

V 7 ANTED, smart YOUNG FELLOW for
small nursery just started ; knowledge herbaceous
and alpine stuff; state wages,

. experience. —ÉE DWARD
HAMILTON, Ropley, Hants.

ANTED, capable man as UNDER.

FOREMAN In outdoor general nursery; state

age and wages expected.—W, TROUGHTON, Nursery-
man, Preston.

THE GARDENERS’

|

WANTED, STRONG YOUTH, for Toms.,

Cues., and (Chrysanthemums, live in; "state
Wages and experience.—W HITEHURST, Beeches Nursery,
Crowborough.

ANADA. — Definite situations, Ontario

Nurseries, large families with adult giris, gardeners,

farmhands, nurserymen, sail March, houses ready.—
UNION TRANSIT CO., Glasgow.

ANTED, HANDYMAN for Motor Van
and help in Nursery.—BOATW RIGHT, Shake-
speare Road, Herne Hill.

unnc--—— ———————————————— —— OO — — — —
ANTED for Seed and General Trade.
smart JUNIOR COUNTER HAND; state age
and wage.—PENNELL & SONS, Old Market Place,
Grimsby.

\ YANTED, JUNIOR SHOP ASSISTANT

(IMPROVER) for Seed, Bulb, Floral and
General Nursery Trade; fine opening for smart and
energetic young man requiring further all-round know-
edge; state previous experience, age and wage
required to BROOKE BRAY & SONS, LTD., Sheffield.

Y E have a vacancy in our Seed, Bulb,
and Sundry depts. Applicants please state
age, — salary required, married or single, etc.—

BARNWELL BROS., Crescent Road Nursery, Worthing
YAPABLE SALESMAN required imme-
/ diately; only those with a first-class all-round

knowledge of horticulture need apply.—CARTER PAGE
& CO., LTD., 52-53, London Wall, E.C. 2.

YARDENER required, to
ን old-established firm of horticultural sundries, in
the midlands; state age, salary required, if single or

married, to S. 8. H., Box 58, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

bY gna by a London Retail House,
TRAVELLER, with established connection in
southern counties; seed, bulb, and nursery trade: please
send full particulars of experience, age, and salary
required, to P. J. W., Box 52, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C.2,

SITUATIONS WANTED

Twenty words 28., and Gd. for every succeeding
eight. words or portion thereof. (Advertisements at
this special rate are only accepted direct from
gardeners and nursery employees.) Fee for having
replies addressed to this office, 18.

represcat an

PRIVATE.
HEAD GARDENER.BAILIFF seeks

re-
engagement: thoroughly experienced in both
departments; control of staff, accounts, ctc.: left

through estate being sold: excellent references from
late and previous employers.—BAULK, 9A, Midmoor
Road, Balham, S.W. 12.

EAD GARDENER-BAILIFF can be
thoroughly recommended by a Nobleman; com-
petent all departments, estate duties, 13 years similar
capacity; cxcellent previous references.—For full par-
ticulars apply to H. STOWE, Grosvenor Road, Hands-
worth, Dirmingham.

EAD GARDENER or GARDENER.
BAILIFF ; thoroughly experienced both depar:-

ments; good manager; accounts, etc.: excellent
references from present SUDORE four years, and
previous employer 10}.—C. . LAWRENCE, Dean

Wood, Newbury.
(JO PPENED HEAD. Will any lady or

gentleman requiring the services of a life ex-
perienced, conscientious man with excellent references
of 12 years Head present situation; fine personal
recommendation; age 42, married, one boy 9 years,
pu apply H. THRUSSELL, The Gardens, Sharnden,
nyfleld, Sussex. i

pes L
pest as HEAD of several, life experience

all branches, in nobleman's and gentlemen's
service, early and late forcing, cte.: well recommended ‘

age 33, married, no children, 34 years present; please
state wages. E. BRYANT, Purley, Reading.
ANARDENER, HEAD. of two or three,

age 40, married, two children, recommended by
present employer.—FARLEY, The Wylds, Liss, Hants.

EAD GARDENER, first-class practical

experience, desires re-engagement; highest testi-

monials; married, no family.—PERKINS, 37, King's
Drive, Wigston, Leicester.

CH RONICLE.

FEBRUARY 21, 192).

ARDENER, HEAD, seeks re-engagement ;

for fourtecn years Head Gardener to the late Earls

of Jersey, Osterley Park, Middlesex, seven yeara with

recent employer; highest references for abilities, and good

management in all departments, hardworking, trust-
worthy.—HAWRKES, Culworth, Banbury.

(1... HEAD, thoroughly practical
XN man: 30 years’ experience in all branches, Insid«
and Out. carly and late forcing, Grapes, Peaches, Chrys..
Carnations, ete.. herbaceous, alterations; good manager
and organiser; 0j years present situation, highest
references; married; divengaged.—HIGGOTT, Rockingham

Castle Gardens, Market Harborough.
ORME, late gardener to W. P.

ግ

E. SKEFFINGTON, Esq., seeks re-appolntment as
HEAD, where several are kept; 90 years practica!
experience gained in good establishments; excellent refs. :
highly recommended, keen and interested, age 38,
married, no family, keep accounts; left through
reduction of staff, disengaged.— Norfolk Villa, Glenfield,
Leicester.

81B ROBERT KINDERSLEY. Bart.. highly
k? recommends his HEAD GARDENER where several
are kept; life experience in all its branches in good
establishments. including Dropmore Park, Buckingham-
shire; twenty years Head with Col. Hanbury, C.M.G..
Wexham Springs: good references, married, one girl
ten years.—Apply FROST, Plaw Hatch Hall Gardens,
Sharpthorne, Sussex.

YARDENER, HEAD, desires position

] where a really interested and enthusiastic man ts
required, capable of producing first-class fruit. flowers
and vegetables, and the general maintenance of an up-
to-date garden: advertiser is energetic, trustworthy, good
organiser of labour, successful exhibitor: age 40; 13 years
Head in one situation.—Anyone [interested in above can
have full particulars on application to GARDENER,
co " Lewis, 4», Uxbridge Road, Hanwell, London,
ነ. ኛ.

(' RUSE is open to cngagement as
e HEAD GARDENER, strongly recommended by
present and past employers; estate being sold; life
experience in all branches; landscape, colour schemes,
ete. under Sir Edwin Lutyens, R.A.: married, no
family.—The Hyde Gardens, near Luton.

—— M — — — — a —

recommends his

*ENTLEMAN highly
HEAD GARDENER; present position near
London 15 years (war service inclusive); age 42; two

children, grown up; 27 years’ experience in first-class
establishments ; skilful in management and control
of 818በ.--5. E. G., Box 56, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

Y ARDENER, HEAD, or SINGLE-HANDED.

requires situation; splendid references; married
when suited: cottage required; age 55.---ጳ. W.,
17, Cottage Grove, Surbiton, Surrey.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING: four or
more kept; life experience Inside and Ont, in

good establishments ; excellent references: age 37:
marricd, one child.—W. G., Box 30, 5, Tavistock
Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

YARDENER. HEAD WORKING, where
as several are kept: life experience in all branches.
Inside and Out; highly recommended, 6 years present
situation as Head, married, no family, age 42.—F.
RADFORD, Mymwood Gardens, Hatfield, Herts.

EAD WORKING GARDENER, life ex-
perience all branches, Inside and Out, including

Orchids, electric lighting, management of stock.
at liberty WHITING, 34, Bushey Road, Satton,
Surrey.

RS. COLE, Sherfield Hall, will be

leased to recommend J. KEITH as HEAD
WORKING GARDENER where two or more are

kept; life experience, excellent references: age 34:
married: two children.—The Gardens, Sherfield Hall,
Basingstoke.

EAD WORKING GARDENER, thoroughly
. experienced In up-to-date gardening, all branches:
reliable references past and present employers; tem-
rarily employed, interview if necessary.—BOLTON.
"strad, Carmarthen Town.

\ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, seeks

re-engagement; life experience in all depart-
ments: marketing of surplus produce and the
general management of a good establishment: 7
years Head; age 40, married—R. W. L., Box i.

5, Tavistock Street,

G ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, where
J three or more are kept: life experience in all
branches, age 39, married; excellent references— E. J. P.,
20, East Street, Bridport, Dorset,

Covent Garden, W.C.2.

FEBRUARY 21,

1925.

THE GARDENERS

CH RONICLE.

Se EM

(1 ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, accus-
K tomed to requirements of good establishment :

age 42, married, no family; years’ excellent

reference from employer. — F. CKS, Chearsley,

Aylesbury, Bucks.

"^ ARDENER, HEAD WORKING. where
two or more are kept: experfones gained in good

establishments, keen ands reliable, age 30, married

when suited, highly recommended.—E. H. W., Box 46,

3. Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2,

YARDENER, HEAD WORKING or
A SINGLE-HANDED, requires situation, married
(girl 9); good references.—B. PARKER, Myrtle Cottage.
Codicote, Welwyn, Herts.

NARDENER, HEAD
SINGLE-HANDED; all-round experience, includ-
ing rock garden, also electric light: married.—

eo W., Box 49, 5, Tavistock Street, Covert Garden,

WORKING or

Y\ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, of three,

. or good SECOND: life experience, Inside and
Out, excellent references, leaving through death: age 37,
married, no family; please state wages, with cottage.—
STANDLEY, Castle Hall Lodge, Milford Haven, Pem.

ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED, or other-
wise, experienced Inside and Out, age 27, married
when suited.—GREEN, 32, East Street, Sudbury,

Suffolk.

*ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED, or with

help: life experience, good references, married,

four children, school age, wife could assist occasionally if

required. —LYONS, co Wills & Negar, Kensington,
London, S.W. 7.

SINGLE-HANDED,
experienced in all branches; age 32,

references.—A. N. . Box 55, 5,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

G ARDENER, thor-
ሽ oughly
married: good

Tavistock Steeet,

YARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED or would

Y take Lead in Kitchen Garden or Pleasure Grounds ;
life experience Inside and Qut; married, one child: good
references ; good knowledge of poultry and bees: kindly
state wages.—R. H. S., Box 48, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

ARDENER requires situation as SINGLE-
HANDED or good SECOND; life Wi xen RT
excellent refs., age 32, married.—E. WITTS, yddial,
Buntingford, Herts.

(1 weer seeks re-engagement, thoroughly
.Y experienced and competent; large or small place;
knowledge of farming and general estate work; leuving
through estate being sold; good testimonials.—J. E.
TERRY, Chapel Hill Gardens, near Margate, Kent.

V AJOR CAPEL-CURE wishes to recom-
a mend honest, hardworking GARDENER, leaving
ior no fault.—Write S. KETLEY, Blake Hall Gardens,
Ongar.

*ARDENER, SECOND, Inside and Out;
11 years general and practical experience: age 26,
married, no family: excellent references.—S. C., c/o J.
Longley, The Gardens, Highfleld, Oxhey Lane, Watford.

Ww ECOND, Inside or Inside and Out; age
ኔ 7 26; experienced all branches: exc:llent references;
bothy preferred.—W. SIMMS, Parham Park, Pulborough.

V R. H. LLOYD, The Gardens. Tewin
A. Water, Welwyn, Herts., confidently recommends
Ss. WILMOTT as SECOND GARDENER in good estab-

lishment; thorough experience, Inside and Out; age 27,
married when suited; please state wages.
Y ARDENER, SECOND, seeks situation,

take charge Inside or Inside and Out; life experi-
ence: well recommended: age 35: married when suited.
home counties preferred.—W. CROSS, Ridgemead Gardeng’
;nglefleld Green. s

YARDENER, SECOND, Inside, or inside

FOREMAN, rcquireg situation, where several are

kept; 10 years’ experience, well recommend«d, age 25,

married when suited, Midlands pr.ferred; full parti-

culars, with cottags.—RADERECHT, Cross Oak Gardens,
Berkhamsted, Herts.

S SECOND or LEAD in Pleasure
Ps Grounds; advertiser, age 34, single, seeks situati
thoroughly experienced herbaceous, alpines, Roses, an
flowering shrubs; excellent references; well recom-
mended; 3j years present situation; previous expe-
rience as Lead.—T. HUSSEY, Ashwicke Hall Gardens,
Marshfi 1.1, Chippenham, Wilts,

1... or SINGLE-HANDED
secks situation; married; southern counties pre-
ferred.—A. PITTS, 12, Mount Pleasant, Oakham, Rutland.

ARDENER.

UNDER.—Herbert Watts,
Gardens, Lovells Court, Marnhull, Dorset, can

highly recommend ALBERT LITTEN, Inside, or Out;
understands motor mower; 95] years present situation;
age

OREMAN, Inside, or SECOND, seeks
situation as

same, life experience; excellent
references; single, 25; bothy, home counties preferred.—
L. T ተ

. . R.. Box 3; 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

OREMAN, Inside or SECOND ; good all.
round experienc? in first-class establishments,
including Hackwood and Buscot Park ; excellent
references; married, on: child.— G. PRITCHARD,

Northlands Gardens, Landford, Salisbury.

FORTS Inside, life experience, Grapes,

Peaches, Nectarines, Melons, Carnations. foliage
and flowering plants, also salads: good references
and well recommended: 39, single.—GRIFFEN, 9,

Staines.

Commercial Road,

OREMAN, general, or Inside, thor-

oughly competent: excellent references : disengaged ;
age 30.—Apply LEE. 19, Chippenham Road,
Paddington, W.9.

7 ITCHEN

GARDENER
25 vears’ thorongb practical
in good gardens, cean be
married, no children,
South — preferred.—G.
Watford, Herts.

seeks situation,
experience gained
highly recommended ;
age 46; cottage essential,
KEEP, Wal Hall Gardens,

YARDENER, 24, married. 11

perience, all round, chiefly
GEORGE HAZELDEN, 25,
Sussex.

years’ ex-
Pleasure Grounds.—
Alexandra Road, Uckfield,

WO BROTHERS. 23 and 27, seek
situation, Kitchen Garden and Pleasure Grounds,
with accommodation for widow mother, or SINGLE-
HANDED, where work obtainable for brother; good
refa.—C. J., Box 43, 5, Tavistock Strect, Covent Garden,
W.C. 2.

\ITUATION required as KITCHEN GAR.
Kk) DENER and Hardy Fruit, 6] years present
situation as above, good previous experience, well
recommended; age 24, married when suited. — W.
MORRIS, Oakley Park Gardens, Bromfield, Ludlow,
Shropshire.

NARDENER desires change, Kitchen and

Pleasure Grounds, some Inside good refer-

ences; 4 years experience: married, small family; used

Atco motor.—c.o George Clark, Marsh-Hampton-in-Arden,
near Birmingham.

X-SOLDIER, age 24, single, seeks situation as
GARDENER, in Kitchen Gardena or Pleasure
Grounds, 5 years’ previous experience; good references.
State wages and particulars.—A. BISHOP, Ducksdale,
Washfield, near Tiverton, Devon.

NIRST JOURNEYMAN, 24, seeks situation

Inside Fruit and Plant Houses; good references.—

J. BOUDITCH, Ashwick Hall Gardens, Marahfleld,
Chippenham, Wilts.

OURNEYMAN, 23, seeks situation, Inside
e or Inside and Out; 8 years’ experience; good
references, —A MILLER, The Gardens, Hilfleld Park,
Aldenham, Herts.

OURNEYMAN. seeks situation, Inside and
e Out, in good establishment; age 27: disengaged
when suited.—Apply. HEAD GARDENER, Glyn
Hall, Merioncthshire.

OURNEYMAN, chiefly Kitchen Garden,
e age 23, disengaged, can take duty: bothy
referred. — H. CARTER, Pyewood, Rogate. near
etersfleld.

OURNEYMAN seeks situation, Inside or
e Inside and Out; 7 years’ experience, good references,
well recommended; age 21.—W. G. F., Box 50, 5,
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

R. W. BENTLEY can with
recommend W. JENKINS us
Inside and Out; 34 years
The Gardens, Port Regis,

confidence
JOURNEYMAN,
present place; age 19.—
Broadstairs,

W T. SMITH, of Littlecote Gardens,
e Hungerford, Berks, recommends A. WIGGINS
to any gardener requiring an experienced JOURNEY-
MAN well up in fruit, plants, also decorating; home
counties preferred.

ME C. HARRIS can
GRAY as JOURNEYMAN

recommend 1H.
for fruit houses

8 _ years’ experience, 2j years here; bothy.—H.
GRAY, Welbeck Abbey, Worksop, Notts.
OURNEYMAN, age 24, seeks situation,

e Inside, under Foreman; fruit, plants, well recom-
mended.—T. BENNETT, Boveridge Park Gardens, Cran-
bourne, Salisbury, Wilta.

OURNEYMAN, 22, requires situation.

Inside and Out, 6 years' experience, good references.
—OSBISTON, Bothy, Buscot Park, Faringdon, Berks.

OURNEYMAN, Inside, age 22, seeks
situation; 8 years’ experience: ood references;
dissngaged; bothy pref»rred.—J. UDSON, Swan

Hotel, Topsllf2, Thirsk.

OURNEYMAN, Inside.—Mr. Fuller, Laving-
ton Park Gardens, Petworth, confidently recom-

mends L. ROWE, age 23; three years here; bothy
preferred.

He REDWOOD, Bridehead CGardens.
. Dorchester, seeks situation as JOURNEYMAN,
Inside; 7 years’ experience Inside and Out; can be
recommended by Mr. Quick, Head Gardener, also Mr.

Birkinshaw, previous Gardener; now at Compton Valance,
Dorchester.

ME T. CRADDUCK, Middleton Park.
Bicester, wishes to recommend O. CLARK as
JOURNEYMAN, Inside or Inside and out; age 24: 10
years’ experience; 2 years here, 4 years at the late Wm.
Paul's Royal Nurseries. Home Counties preferred.

M R. A. J. CAMM, The Gardens, Hunt-
i royde. Padiham, Burnley, highly recommends
H. BRYAN, as SECOND JOURNEYMAN, Inside, in
good establishment, age 22, 5 years’ experience, 2 years
here, conscientious and energetic.—Apply H. BRYAN,

The Gardens, Huntroyde, Padiham, Burnley.
F SIMS, Wrest Wood Gardens, Bexhill,
.e would like to recommend A. BAKER, age 17,

as IMPROVER, Inside and Out, 8 months here, leaving
through reduction; bothy preferred.

NV R. PETTY, Shaw House Gardens, New-
4 bury, confidently recommends J. NAILOR as
IMPROVER, Inside; 5 years’ experience; age 19; home
counties preferred. Please state wages.

y OUNG married maa requires situation,
GARDENER or HANDYMAN, with cottage;

good references.——MA KR CHANT, Arbon Grove Cottage,
Chertsey, Surrey.

A. HALL, Shiplake Court Gardens,
e Henley-on-Thames, wishes to hear of a situation
for an active, experienced, YOUNG MAN.

YOUTH, 17}, seeks situation in Kitchen

Garden, some experience, good references.—Applv
DELL, Greenstead, Colchester. oe

DVERTISER, age 46, seeks situation as
4X MANAGER or FOREMAN GROWER on large
nursery; good experience Toms., Cues., Peaches,
Chrysants., Arums, ete., also control of labour; last
situation 15 years Manager: life experience; could
manage private gardens.—PRACTICAL, Box 51, 5,
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2.

A DVERTISER seeks situation, experienced
in hardy and half hardy flowering shrubs, trees,
climbers, plants, etc.; 15 years with V. N. Gauntlett

& Co., 2" years with “ Veitch,” Coombe Wood.—F. ር
GOLDRING, Frant, Tunbridge Wells.

X ROWER of Ferns. Cucumbers, Chrysanths.,

-ጃ - Tomatoes, Bedding Plants: single; 30 years’
experience; age — 48. — WILLSON, Craven Cottage,
Speen, Newbury.

EAD GARDENERS SON. 21, with six
years’ experience, requires situation Inside; good
grower Chrysanthemums, Tomatoes, Arums, bedding
stuff, and bulb forcing ; excellent references; state wages.

—A. KNOX, co Mrs. Cottam, Hawsfield, Crag Bank.
Carnforth, Lanes. l
A DVERTISER, age 25; publie school;

two years Architectural Association, two years

Messrs. Milner, Son and White: desires work GARDEN
DESIGNING.—H. B. C., Box 41, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2,

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23

SALES BY AUCTION.

Wednesday Next, March 4th

IMPORTANT TRADE SALE OF
Spring and Summer-flowering Bulbs,

Including Cases of GLADIOLUS, EARLY and
LATE - FLOWERING: DOUBLE and SINGLE
BEGONTAS, GLOXINIAS, HARDY JAPANESE LILIES
In variety, SPIRAEAS, LILY -OF - THE- VALLEY,
DELPHINIUMS, PAEONIES, ANEMONES, etc.,

Roses, Herbaceous Plants, and Fruit Trees, etc.

Also Consignments of
BAY TREES, PALMS, AZALEAS, ASPIDISTRAS,
RHODODENDRONS, BOX TREES, etc., from
the Continent.

M ESSRS. PROTHEROE & MORRIS,
will sell the above at their SALE ROOMS,
8ኗ and 68, CHEAPSIDE, E.C. 2.
Catalogues post free on application.

= —--^ .- — —

— ———

HAMPTON, MIDDLESEX.
Important Sale of
12,500 FRUIT TREES AND BUSHES,
Comprising
4500 APPLES, PEARS, and PLUMS, 8,0000 RASP-
BERRIES, etc.: also 6,000 PRIVET and QUICK.
250 CLIMBING PLANTS, Clematis, Wistarias, Standard

and Dwarf ROSES, etc.; 20,000 HERBACEOUS
PLANTS and SHRUBS in variety; also a

MOTOR CAR, MOTOR CYCLE, and a 1-TON
FORD LORRY.

MESES PROTHEROE & MORRIS
IVA will sel the above at the

GLOUCESTER NURSERIES, BROAD LANE,
HAMPTON,

On Wednesday, March 4th,

At 12 o'clock.

On View. Catalogues on the prem ses and of the
Auctioreers, 67 & 68, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, ጾ.ር.2.

SUSINESSES FOR SALE.

LORIST NURSERY for Sale (privately),

situated in a busy residential London suburb,
unique position, well-equipped, price £2.500, all com-
plete, easily managed. ready cash trade, suitable for
lady or gentleman interested in the growing of flowers,
ete.—Write G. 1,., Box 23, 5, ‘Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C.2.

OR SALE, in popular south-coast resort,
Nursery, 400 feet glass, good double-fronted Florist's
Shop, and Landscape Gardener's Business. Good con-
nection, all well stocked. Lease 16 years unexpired,
option of renewal. Owner taking up post abroad;

sacrifice. quick sale. All at £650,—B. W., Box 61,
5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.
PROPERTY TO LET.
(. MENDING corner premises; main
a

፡ London road. Westceliff-on-Sea : exceptional oppor-
tunity for opening for garden supplies. nurserymen, etc.,
at entrance to residential estate to be lef or sold.—
Apply PEART. Auctioneer. Westcliff-on-Sea.

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

———

BUSINESS CARD.

AMES BACKHOUSE, FILS, F.R.HS.,
e for many years Chairman of the late firm of James
Backhouse and Son, Limited, having retired from York,
offers his services as GARDEN CONSULTANT: 30 years’
experience, specially in connection with Alpine and
Herbaceous Plants; advice given for Rock Garden
construction and planting, also for permanent flower
borders, boundary plantations, eto.—Address for terms to
Caer Fegla, Arthog, North Wales.

PARTNERSHIPS, FINANCIAL,
é&c.

VW ELL-KNOWN VIOLET GROWER

desires to get in toueh with Nurseryman in the
south, with view to transferring stock and entering into
partnership, large high-class clientele; living accom-
modation essential—P. 1)., Box 65. 3. Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden. W.C.2.

TENDER.

'"EPARATE TENDERS are invited for
h laying a Crown Bowling Green, 45 by 35, 4 Grass
Tennis Courts and 1 Hard Shale Court.—Particulars from
W. MYLES, Conservative Club, Wilmslow, Cheshire.

EXHIBITIONS.

511 Year. SHREWSBURY

GREAT FLORAL FETE
Wed. & Thurs., 19th & 20th August,1925

Upwards of £1,200 Cash Prizes.

10 SPECIAL COALPORT CHINA TROPHIES
For non-competitive classes.
3 SPECIAL COALPORT CHINA TROPHIES
For Roses, Carnations and Dahlias.
All to be won outright.

SILVER CHALLENGE CUP for FRUIT,

GOLD and SILVER MEDALS, &c.
SCHEDULES NOW READY.
Apply to—W. G. BRAZIER, Seerctary, SHREWSBURY.

PLANTS, &c. FOR SALE.

Small Classified Advertisements. Twenty words
(or three lines including headline) 48., and 1s.
for every succeeding eight words (or line or part
of a line). Fee for having replies addressed to
this office, 18. Displayed advertisements, Ss.
per inch, or 108. facing editorial matter.

[oec - Exceptionally fine Hart's Tongues,
large, fibrous roots. £1 per 100; also Primroses,
12/6 per 100, c. p.—GETHING, Chilmark, Salisbury.

ERNS! CALADIUMS !!—Begonias, Palms,

Crotons, Dracaenas, Gloxinias, Hydrangeas,
Geraniums, Ericas, Lilies, Ferns and How to w
Them, by 3. E. SMITH, 3/6 post free.—SMITH,
London Fern Nurseries, London, S.W.9.

100 000 LARGE GARDEN FERNS,
4 80/- 100, variety; wanted 1,000
large Avspidistras for dividing. Catalogues free.—
SMITH, Fernery, London, 8.W.9.

IMALAYAN, Chinese and other Rhodo.

dendrons on their own roota. Shrubs Alpines,
and border plants, Aquatics, Lilies, etc. Write for
Listae.—G. REUTHE, Keston, Kent.

FEBRUARY 28, 1925.

USH PRUNUS PISSARDII. 3 to 4 ft.

18/- doz.: Ceanothus G. de V. and M. Rimon. 42:-

doz.: Japanese Maples in variety. 42- doz. — WM.
BIGNELL & SON, Highgate, N.6.

CNGLISH YEWS. 13 ft. to 5 fti: good
4 stocks.—WM. BIGNELL & SON. Highgate. ጐ=.ባ.

] () GLADIOLI for 8s. 9d., post paid.

J The most dazzlingly brilliant flowers on earth.
with spikes of blooms 18 ins. long; 12 each of 9 kinds
(108 bulbs), all separately packed and named. for 85. 2d..
post paid; half lot, 4s. 91.. post paid (cultural 18
structions and beautifully illustrated Flower and Vege-
table Catalogues included).—lt. KAY & CO., Goodmayes
Road, Goodmayes, Essex.

EGONIAS AND GLOXINIAS. — Kay's
prize strain with blooms often measuring 8 ins.
across; a collection of 12 Single and 12 Double Begonias,
also 6 Gloxinias—all separately packed and named. with
cultural instructions and illustrated catalogues, for 66. 24..
post paid: half lot, 38. 6d., post paid.—R. KAY & CO,
Goodmayes Koad, Goodmayes, Essex.

ILIUM AURATUM, Speciosum Rubrum,
4 Melpomene, Roseum and Album, | He»ryi,
Fortunci Giganteum, Longiflonum Giganteum. cte. ;
enormous stock ; all ጾ'-, 12:-, and 16/- doz., or 60/-, 80'-,
and 120’- 100. C-MORLE & CO, 150-156, Finchley
Road, W. 9.

I AFFODILS! DAFFODILS! 150.000 Bulbs.

to Flower in April, and produce lovely spring
blooms: Late Flowering, Trumpet Varieties, mixed:
price 20- 1,000, 11/- 500, 2'6 per 100: with illustrated
catalogue of 18 pages, with directions, free.—J. HANDS-
COMBE, F.R.H.S., Bulb Grower, Feltham, Middlesex.
Estd. 1883.

ERANIUM, Crampel and Denmark. 30፡-

100; ‘Salvia Zurich, 14/- 100; Heliotrope Lord
Roberts and Nightingale, 14/- 100. Carriage paid for
cash.—MILLICAN, Kinson, Bournemouth.

OBELIA, double Kathleen Mallard,
strong rooted stuff, just right for propagating,
5/- 100, carriage paid.—RAY & CO., Teynham. Kent.

OR SALE, a quantity of well.rooted

Carnation layers (Cleopatra). 1/- each, 11/- per doz.
—GARDENER, Gatcombe House, Newport, Isle-of-
Wight.

5. S — —

TRAW BERRY PLANTS. — Sovereigns,
እ uaranteed maidens, good crowns. well-rooted,
100 dA 200 9;3, 300 13/0. 400 18/-. Carriage paid for cash.
Satisfaction or money returned.—PEMBERTON, Fruit
Grower, Croft Road, Evesham.

ACPABAQUS Connover's Colossal, l year.
ፊ for April planting; home-grown on strong loam:
5/-, 7/6 100. c.p, c.w.o.—H. €.
Claygate, Surrey.

QQCOTCH SEED POTATOES.—Duke of York,
k May Queen, Express, Eclipse, Epicure, Di Vernon.
Katie Glover, Great Scot. K. of K.. King Edward.
Lochar, Witch Hil, Dargill Early, Midlothian Early.
Arran Comrade, Bishop. Golden Wonder. Majestic.
Rhoderick Dhu, ete.: prices per stone, cwt.. und
ton on application. — List of vegetables and flowers
free.—TILLIE WHYTE AND CO., 12. Melbourne Place.
George IV. Bridge, Edinburgh. Established 1837.

GARDNER, Ruxlev,

COTCH Seed Potatoes from certified
K? stocks, bags free, carriage paid by purchaser, all
best varieties, lowest prices, lists free. —STEWART & CO.,
13, South St. Andrew Street, Edinburgh.

PLANTS, &c., WANTED.

W aS TED. Daphnes. good flowering and
other shrubs, bushy Sweet Briars above 3 feet.
Yews above 5 feet, Anemones, rock plants. Other offers
invited.—M.C., 10, Borough High Street, S.E. 1.

V ANTED, quotation for 500 Golden

Euonymus, 500 Laurestinus, and 500 Tamarisk.
about 24 ít. to 3 ft. high. suitable for hedge making.--
PARKS SUPERINTENDENT, Portsmouth.

MISCELLANEOUS.

RON AND WIRE FENCING for Gardens.

Ornamental Iron and Wire work of every
description, Catalogue G.C. 156: Iron Fencing and
Tree Guards, Catalogue በ.(. 66; Wood and Iron
Gates, Catalogue G.C. 163; Kennel Railing, Catalogue
G.C. 80;Poultry Fencing, Catalogue G.C. 70. Ask for
separate lists. -CBOULTON & PAUL, LTD., Norwich.

spronuved. from ther,

samers: who grow large quantities otf:

Coats Gk vegetables obtain - best prices 18. pop-p
lotr. 106158. which: ፲[ሯ ተክቼ best ቦክ
value: Needs ntc 260515 valualite: der — ate
| :dardeners: US
oa riers. SH: —— varde ners: -those- | cha 22

have “ae yet Amed- Uem, should: send: ther:

OPT E Samy. PME passihle, —

: HARRISON ጨ SONS,
“Seed ‘Grows rs, LEICESTER.

tiati rut

e “Awards by

3 ‘ENGLISH. NICOTINE, . qs: - Bali Aller:
"irons dor Abe as fumi gant "or Spray And:
SBrigees: 1 d. Y
2#- G28, (3s ^

PLA Be

Wicatine: content: aea

; CAMPBELL'S PATER

| 589. feet. dame, W AQ, 95% cutie 755፻:2

ae D.

LEICESTER SEEDS

are Juuwvo. hy «the superior class m ‘goods
'Fhoüsands. of ott cuss

INTE du Wells aie. Tested. amit: deliatls-..
ርባታ በ am appticalion . The irnde publiok

CHRYSANTHEMUMS.

s My reve Catalogue: “Anil Bode. poat. free, ር0ክ፻ዚ[94- |
ioe አበዩ Up-to-date tolleetione;: ን pue: SEC. —“
by ሠዩ 185, for Exhibitors, —

MS “estan i

My New.
; recently. Alt

t whiti.
Ñ: QC

Re: ent -

Eaten, ፡ "wie
firo RHN ani
Ring. Dhevurative: Vatieries > til
Hn 28. "30d . Yates at: 85፻11083. :

“Alga: አሽ zat d er, det.
— ugoni beat Aonui mek aimi = nou»la
30:4. #8፡ቨ[..- Mi erpicptte velours. iver Parr bons,
salieri: ot ASO: AMA Tob «mmi: sities: 'ህህ8. Three:
Beaunhs.- —— —

TATAA, ZU

t ን ፲

Auris aii 371919.

"Pane CHR ata table:

À — UH ክጀክርሳቶቸ።ዝ, anti quent እ"8፻15416=. - : Vandateg
ናዝፐክቭክእዝ n ud. onte, paar, ieS raher ARNS
1. “ate. ete t ይ A p

8. 1. WOOLMAN, |. Shirley, Birmingham

“are by far the most. ‘ficient and economical for —— all
sucking ጨመር infesting. #ደር 108. -

4:25. yf 29 6:88, Me

A NICOTINE | “VAPORISING COMPOUND.
y Ign ‘bottles for. = Syd

| B6; 50. -49፡3.- get 3hnusand cibi - ftot
Prices: 1:8, 3/9. 7ኛ. aix aud He ገ 4
319617) — gallon: tins. Bie i

SULPHUR. VAPORISER. -

method of: exterminating. Mildew in Slasshoines: !

ዳታ few mar

- HoaTicULTURAL. CENTRAL HEATING |
"Amo Suction GasPiants J]
Con mes rp ro. — CROSSLEY — — ae

Jeading 1.

aX dd

1 trent stinn; ES

d

Xr

G. 4 RDENE RS

—— ee —

— —

— —— — — — — — — — — — — — Eo:

NICOTINE | const c

"KO “SOAP, (Nicotine 559): The ከ፳
“potash soft. soap pins 7253 nicatine, far ገር
praying, or sa anging Werk POE: * lb.

E E T 34 00306598. 00

simple fat ^Tamigatine greenhouses: fa :

459፻. sizes * dor 500. 1,900, adda: and 3,096 .4 k
— — -Prices dd Tol. V5 ^ and id
* each Ae ና SE H

eb

frs ደና የበ ———
— — — years. |
size 20:- ashe — አ HS P

Hicone

e ratory we M99 eid idis. — — — ———

CH RO. N 1 CLE.

“CAMPBELLS FÜMIGATING ROLLS. "Wes <I |
e tem 2

፪ሽ. früit;

|

|

|

|

|

|
Manufacturer, t. -JẸ i

ቱ። market. "Phe effect

Tyr ኋሾኛ A92.

——— —— M — —

— «508 — - — —— — —
Y — T T

WILLIS BROS.’ x

Ga den Fertiliser |

. THE BEST ON THE MARKET.
NO” STABLE - MANURE. REQUIRED.
. qu digeme Tee cet as w top dress. For

Kitchen Gardens oc Herbsstous Borders:

Tewet 18/7: d wr Biss -28 Belt Mig
| per ton. AR Narag Paid EM
MATS ! MATS r mats 4.

—À |
New Russian sum Mus EC fr. p 4 tr. fi WW 062.
NEW Hessian Mots: 9 dt. pu n 5 ዘ. us |

ነ 2 የ kn Sio E REIS "The Vine x re (uses a dad N GANAN. af ቁር =. ;
Ohiainable from dnm. or, dn pese: ef. aedis direct: ani the ነን ያስ gos a N ። 3 à

CAMPBELL,
UC Lund Street, Cornbrook, Manchester. —

“for ite proper growth and the development of
‘thir Manure contita 2255 Porastt, 22%
] Phosphate and gug ONittugen ; aod the’ qesutts :
በ5967 usin saying tit ፡ ፻፳ the. bests 483. the f-
tèm old: vines is ሃደት marked.
Tab puts new tte ante them o oan
Jot owe. 25=, ch lbs; 34 -; 2 iba dos. 7 ni said:

"id KIDI, Nah ri ay ardens Ratteri: won TIER ET
vine 73 ahd TREE Se ORNS at tine Rayat Borti-
euR ret Suitsetats 8 Saw Jer Copie ettet: zi tits pee, ©
"CANT has Ow PRIP: MPs Vian Mahue for sone ፡ር8፻8 :

Ghd secured: mem PRIZE UM. AE dhilan. 8
UON. pe SE. ii : Us

WINTER “WASH. fer የዘ 1 ገጠ L6

er Thus is juepeired Irom the recipe ot —

Paces -

SOIENCE PROGRESSES I.
Progress | 4i 11-
with it! » Use TRI PPLE Bud. à
S^ : : FERTILISE RS po
1 Techie እ80#]ኮብር፡ aud cheat ay poriè no: pen t
applied in the Tending di E grade pe th ajata t
ingzeiierts to produce tese Walt inburteu TuAidtek, A
THEY ARE SUCCESSFUL.

E Call And see teatimasiinie, - " Compa: smal; p
ASK #ዐጽ FREE SAMPLES, E

GARDEN. FEF FERTILISERS.

Wo. T. Feni oyga 1 Aa Orpaale, te:
dig iu er tap 32:5 4. SAHR zs < Hapni; à 8.8 duh ve
MEE DIE Eis Toi SE 1 ees Phos. PS Pal
ር. Ug Ced 29 pent 1259: pw o 99; "d
— Lon £16. Bree ው ‘tan 215. tthe.

፡ * "THE ONLY ORGANID LOYER ELIMINATING | 33
በህ For LAWNMS, - GOLF GREENS.

fertili igere
tdeies,

Shobylitut grece alb
— aed: ori: dt ergs
M ESSA: Aiplicaton. © ር

|o P. TRIPP
| — Works, YIEWSLEY, Middx. .

— ሆር LASTS,

Eno

hr tenuia zen,

800885 NEW —

88764. fox. the frst time in Seed.
"TEN. DISTINCT NAMED VARIETIES. FOR ን; 8.

of በ wr 787: ife: Méeeltcé pier: free:

WILLIAM A. CONWAY,
Su EAST, ROE NE

Y

if
4

fondu, #8 fu: Eus iu ek fijtks dark Erisa. — Ms M

— —

Kewgardia,

t brated annig Apple Grover, who j* MT 5
| for ከ65 clean, fruit and . orchards, Sr pale W- f
K ፲315,:48/”. Cans 3nchided; - ` Catniuge pad.

“BARDEN. SUPPLIES. AT LOWEST PRICES.

Write f vf ይ Ud af Garden Mnaares and doninnitural
Sutulries: Free on apprication.: —

| WILLIS Bros. mstesnes Ltd.

HARPENDEN, HERTS.

5

PRETT m 8

——
Finger. Pots tn the wee.
= PEAY ee: —
ORE! BEST - ANI

CHEAPEST:

SPEC TAX: PATS
far Roses Mires,
A ^ i A LAT Gv ከ591; wA
i Chry saribivemayri.

"Fev Pens grea
Bulb Bo wla
፡ Fearn 5. ese
Nie Waite:
SAG: Order CHEV
thes sorte e ኢሾ
Vexeiwesed..

ES

— Stats quaniity of: each size
ከሁ ደ ak — carring Paid: qootedion, ot write
tor — Paes 512.

ጋሪ p Polk “eS. =
ፌሪ T TINGH AM.

QBULWELL. |

—

.....፡. rds vost |
|). —36 nune * —* Xxx «e B M i 5: ia Y us keui. s
158 0... — — 2 Wi à Wild ነ.
| 48 A m. Cc ANS US
ነ; ep ASK te RES t iim an ni nul *
6 os Reis.

i ——— ረፍ you ‘PLANTING T,

| aes SCOTCH SEED POTATOES |

» ከ ጋል ም Grim Peu E i eo Boird of Agricultura
| Gare Oii Sonhs :.3ህ AX six etd. Head Picked.

ደብሪ Catalogue በላህ ያነጩጩ Uriwing Dar Prii,
! CHAS. T. SPENCE,
: — SUM. — DUNBAR, Seotland.,

—

yr dad. L

FEgsSRUARY 28,

1935.

— m tm
—
Lim

eA

ሺ ሺ ብክ

B

Or? rae — # “ስአ d — pu
AD = ህደ vean an REDE SEDE ያያ Zn

"0
— — — — —
d : yy P9

oues apran dt iles eoa Re
BREE A wunaka for tasty Sirio plant

>፥

ቭ "M
: Hy an

— ee — — —
pu — — — e

ME WEIR ፡8ሀ. Gor a» aperet ያያያዘው
| P ሺ 17 . /ሥሠይያዘዘቪጦ፣ paredes ta Lied "Siria, eri my
ነ! » VOIRE nre. AP, 4 a mi pelyhes
፣ ቪአደ([ emn great iR winptenss 1:3
— hee PR ፳፲ በደር Lu MEET: grues ee
y — ሖ ዳዘ ቀስ. ያን ars ንክ ባም ር A ^
ያ A JDOELECTIOME: Gp T
2M 838677 BORDER: PEAN x

—— —

— d—12 Hardy: ይራ Pant, Nu
i12 "rafidies, giir selsetion, 8, on
ይ ቋወዘህዞ ፀይ-) Hardy Hirder flanks
19 23 parietiet, our we qon, 1 PA
follgdt ian. የ=ቴባ ER ra jj E ያህ "edt
Din ፍን niecieHvk; iir Moreti meos i
Calfsntixin ፻፡--168. Hard y linier dere! (BAM
“ARBI pee Hen, our e —— Ae Sg

HAMPTON
$ re Maidea Surrey m

“PLANT CO. 19

Phone =
Malden qu

Ta = & ALLWOODIT

EARLY.

r2: ነ RORY

ALiwaont Hall Carnation if Pink
(CN days, dantas srete |

Ak’

d Lind

GARDENER
KNOWS
THAT

18.
55 18:

ECAV di SII

1 25. EARMONT, E
1 7 Plant SUNSHINE in your Garten” 4M — e

4? 4 /
ety ‘

pt 1 f vpt

ied *ሙፇ mm a

ኢ A ^
D. Y, ,
M rper n

S » - «
Á d
ር መድ tM cel
"un aes ry rb

T:

| LUE Rass euR this ሺ

fo y Ajo Bus es angd dinis Ca — 5m
EAE A 77 Bethune ag stocked by Jeading Chemists -

p 1 6 * 5, in "y |. B: "s W And 35- et bottle. Xa Lt
COME — vel difficult à m pro ae 8 Mitest, from 2:

Im P. "utr 115. 859 bo te h «8ዚ d).

—
—

ayro መሙ:

Sube d ax ro
pss t

| if FRUIT E

‘ | cand ROSES”

Hm Base. a Season.

A Ree Te
SEN

Ehan pw

“ASP. —

Ei strug vraded rots. o
AUN Aere, በነው
Order! ‘nine for despatch when ready.

Thomas. Rivers & Son Led,
| The Nurseries
: SAWBKIDGEWORTH, HERTS, e
ኋ./. Station Hadow, k ኣር KE, Ri

2 861.

—— ሮታ 2x A
á bon. — 2.

. BURPEES
— | NEW SWEET PEA

ሎጤ. Collections ^

TLES SUNSE
* Packing Paid prices: ar
S Hane ber stal Border farsatigns | E
— pina: gps varieties — 6 uM ad. Yellow Pink " ልሽ

BUY

theinselves oft -

your garden pesta and give you con-
tant RU ቀራ ቸር Awith their. pretty Werte.

Catatonia No. fa. af Kenny. ዘመ Bedding :
ጀ።፡ and ‘Bathe for Wild Birds ; nlso:Swiulials, -

THE | GARDENERS CHRONI Cie.

1 o N IO UN S E TS |

t

| SUNSHINE from your Seedsman |
: YOUR GARDEN SANCTUARY. tU

pronor the Birds. with lodgings aud they wil board ' ' ——
Tiny: Hke 5 o dud

፡:.:.. ases dnd dU ሀእ ዕጠ, gor Sree. —
d ARTHUR BS MOORTON : LTD. oe
ኣይ መረቀ 1 FUSK ISQHAM nM! ROAD, .. 1 | :

—

E Qui BUNDS, ብዜ. :

AE

j SM. to California.
Catalogue ዛያ Sample FREE P —
(animad o makers 1 in | Elend “ረ

ESTABLIBNED. | m D EARE

: DOUBLE YOUR SUPPLY OF.
VEGEYABLES 4 FLOWERS BY SOWING
| BBY PRIZE GARDEN SEEDS.

QIQU Mrs Suede prow The Larret And Finest
Brome, cares we Ur BRE AN- RAE WORLD,

Theat” BRIZE A^ E DS PAVE reer, tox Ud - hy the
scanty ut Kr ie ATEUS ፀነ ፻4,#05›0 55 ጻክ
; blah e Stree SUED

PESTIN THE

፡ GERBES Large Tipetrated
Run ite of Prive Senda aud Guarder ሂያ ሄሄ] for
Selon Mb Ye now ready. Write. foe your free Copy
Ursa y. ፅዕ suse X olei eii Garang ይ doing.
Bons, Dold & Kiser Medals, 5፡4 180 5፻2ዛ585)5
5 sí "arrewtet Pas pisani Mwy Im uir pepalur
&rvoing Pg ga >
T. MIBBR, ቻ.:8.ደ.. The Prize 3859463325... -
easy PWOMET, ጸ Dyer 50,00 Tarea -

TRUE. ARSA CRAIG TEO

m We will send you one. pound. af. — " jn
R — ‘and post. free for x/6.- “Enclosed with
` sher

"SEEDS that GROW" wong 73

u wil find’ a copy of nar Sted Erto
| pne Jeterpeess nd. 29 PRE düloxtratians.

SCOTCH SEEDS: ARE RES

| የሠበር dandi: Flower Seeds. Sred. dono
anures,. /Sundries; Send us a trial order, imd
CENE ur nis e ironties. ፡

— መ : =
| SEED POTATOES §

ne weh. ou
Ex "oris

Baty odis
cB RoOoD0cCE
—* — CROPS x
umo (WAIT ES FOR PIE
; Eno P ARIGAS ro ded

os —— peparen me :

p i ii
2 5, አረረ ። the che © -
d By althe year rovad oi

i nis — HU n yrti au un P WIR DER dir Tins di 3nd. ani
Am oh REY iN DED- ted SAL” BAS:
4፳'= 51245 BR OF dieere Ire fer 4 Wise Gers "ልየዋነዔ#ሟ Pritt ich ths: Ppa Sidon.

UL
y

(db t 3፡82 tg Jhe, ha

hot. Sead vx Un A7 tod «eunt ጊገ፳#)

.- MPa: የዘ ዘ bap Bone €

—

ሂዜያከሪዮ፣ a STRATEORB: LGNÍ

m TT iS THE —
STANDARD -
| FOOD FOR O
PLANTS.

*

ቅሬሩ፣ የርም ን ችን Ra

LEA ney
EAG T ፣*ይ.ያ፡

- LAS Ma አሬ

$09 t

MUN B: 26.)

"mde at ር factory ready for: — mec

— — — ———
— ——— — — —

d - — THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE. . Pensar 25, (925.

ANTIRRHINUMS

FOR GARDEN DECORATION

—
8*
é

“ሥኑ ka ^ a? ==
፥ ው፦ t
ረዲ t *
AS | -
ab
e ^s " ..
2 5 ይር ye ር ረን
ሣ 4 zh = .፡ .
፦ A. » , -A
da i d £^» ጊ ^

*
—

TANN The Antirrhinam is increasing in favour year
ANS by year and there are few gardens iri which

-these lovely flowers may got. now be found.

Ee
27

| "OMisiork- to the British. Empire. Exhibition at
| Wembley last year will doubtless recall the beauti-
- full Antirrhinums. in the Exhibition Gardens
“These: were grown from Sutton's Seeds.

4 — list of the beautiful Sup . - ላ(ጠወበፎ the more recent varieties we have introduced sre
j —“ sol be found in Suttons | Fire King. Orange King, Delicate Pink, Buff Beauty, Rich
ን ኢብ ባነ ን ሪአ. “Seed Catalogne; post free. APNR Bright Piok sud, Sutton's “New Bedding”! Strain

á — m _SuTTON x SONS. THE KINGS READING.

JWATERERS |

Creal Annual Sale

CA TAL OGUE OF-

SPECIAL SHOW |.
; Scotch. Seed —

FOR AMATEURS

]r» oe
H

ስከ አቤሼሁሌ፡ከከቹችላው RIT

ALPINE ud HERBACEOUS | e ON: doses cb 41 mown,
PLANTS - T— | » Vicent Square. — 3 | ie? acini fail Sa ctirodiioe Rises:
2 a ; June 30th and July | Add የ ——— AE e per SR |
2. FRUIT TREES a ROSES z 5 Uie DARE UE NE
M g SHARPE'S EXPRESS, WITCH

BILL EARLY ALLY, ARRAN -

. COMR4DD, BRITISH QUEEN, ~
| “Ray XL. Hos TÍCUETÉ BAL "Bot iETY, -. GREATSCOT, KING GEORGE,
| 415/88 Sorone, Lowes, SW. ን ABUNDANCE, ARRAN CHIEF
ao KERRS PINK. KING ED

# O O WARD: - MAJBESTIO, aod ^

MAR መው TINWALD PERFECTION,

CATALOGUES FREE.

AUSTIN & McASLAN

The Premier - Senttsh. . Sredoi ince: ton 1717

— — — — —— — ae AI

THe Sie RET ARY

3. GLADIOLI and LILIUMS

RHODODENDRONS and
MALEAS.

FLOWERING SHRUBS.

S: — —

Schedules may be bad on application to: E

ቀርና ንቆ ል ን ባልን ኣ ኤድና ——

UN ሪጋ TES ው ቶፌር.
— ንው ና

English Grown = aes
| HERBACEOUS & ALPINE PLANTS B
Specialities > —

| ALPINE PLANTS:

| AST ERS ° (Michaelmas —
።. ORIEN TAL POPPES <
'PHLOX O PELPHINIUMS .
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FEBRUARY 28, 1925.

THE GARDENERS

CHRONICLE.

139

THE

Gardeners Chronicle

No. 1992—SAT URDAY, FEBRUARY 28, 1925.

— - M —— ———— == - “ው

CONTENTS.
Alpine garden— Kew notes—
Cytisus glabrescens ... 141 | Some trees and shrubs
saxifraga Petraschii 141 in flower ... . 147
Sedum Palmeri ... 141 | Leeds Rhubarb com-
ka "hat is ; 15: petition... — .. 140
Amateur, nato qs - | Nomocharis * ... 148
Aphides ants eae wee 153 Obit uarv—
Belgian horticulturists, Hogg. Wm.

honour for ... ... 140
Books, notices of—

Practical pruning ... 146

Shrubs for amateurs 146

ee al
Payne, €. Harman ... 156
Turner, John ... END
Orchid notes and glean-
1በ፪፡---
Cypripedium Memoria

Crisp’s, the late Sir F. M. Ogilvie var.
Frank. collection of Rex... n n2 1H
microscopes ... ... 130 Haemaria discolor

Cultural memoranda— | ovar. Otletae . 143
Propagating vines from Odontioda Argus ... 144

eyes ... NK ... 153 | Odontoglossums Lustre ን
and Magnet... .. 144

MT OI Plants for chalk soils 131)
ower dit >
Nemesia strumosa ... 145 : — — — 151
i E Adish an 'abbage,

by rim of Pears 153 hybrids between ... 139

፻ . Societies—

ስ... ES 130 Kingston and Surbiton
pros PRU Chrysanthemum ... 156

* Gardeners’ Chronicle ”’
seventy-five years ago 141

Gardens in devastated
regions of France ... 140

Hardy flower border—
Myosotidium nobile ... 145

Indoor plants—

Manchester and North
of England Orchid 156
Royal Horticultural 154

Trees and shrubs—
Daphne Laureola ... 145
Eriobotrya japonica 146

| Hydrangea petiolaris 145

: Kalmias — ... 146
Lachenalias "i cac ^. Pinus Sabinlana ... 145
sonia ... m ... 144 Vegeta garden— F
Judges and disqualifi- Spinach vee .. dO
cations wee ን ... 150 Week’s work, the SQ 142
ILLUSTRATIONS.

Daphne Laureola “ ሠ ae ረ vis ... 143
Haemaria discolor var. Otletae ... us " .. 143
Nomocharis pardanthina ማው ረ d —F 148. 149
Nuttalia cerasiformis ... ae "m T" TIN ... 047
Payne, the late C. Harman ... — * Ves e 140
Saxifraga Petraschii ... — TA * * .. 141

——————M——————————

AVERAGE MEAN TEMPERATURE for the
deduced from observations during the last
years at Greenwich 40:8"

ensuing week
fifty

ACTUAL TEMPERATURE—
The Gardeners’ Chronicle Office, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, London, Wednesday, February 25,
10 a.m.. Bar. 20-4, temp. 43°. Weather, Sunny.

ባባ e —— — —
———— — ⸗ — — *

Tne fact that hybrids are

Hybrids possible between the Radish
between and Cabbage when the
Radish and former is used as the
Cabbage. female parent has — been

demonstrated experimentally
bv numerous investigators. Although from
a practical point of view the resulting
hvbrids, which are sterile with one another
and with either parent, are useless, from
the point of view of the science of heredity
they are of interest. The most recent
work* on the subject shows that the hybrids
present. remarkable diflerences among them-
selves. Some are of stunted growth, with
stems covered with small leaves down to
the base ; others form large, leafy rosettes
more than a vard-and-a-half across, or even
grow into bushes with short, thick branches
and large leaves. If the male parent be a
Brussels Sprout the stunted form predomi-
nates: if it be a hearting Cabbage, the
rosette or bush form of hybrid occurs in
larger numbers. Though the hybrids flower

sativus ~ Brassica oleracea.

E Raphanus
| ር ch Journal of Geneties, 14. 3.

By G. D. Karpechenko.
December, 1924.

they set no seed either. when self-fertilized
or crossed back with a parent. The root
system of the hybrids is intermediate between
that of the Radish and the Cabbage parent.

They have one large tap root like the
Radish and many lateral. roots like. the
Cabbage. The only good thing to be said

in their favour is that the roots have a less
pungent flavour than those of the Radish.
The ''roots " of the hybrids are curious
also in that. they bear numerous outgrowths
Which may rise to leafy— shoots.
Anyone, presumably, might propagate the
curiosity vegetatively and so keep it alive,
perhaps, | indefinitely, One of the most
interesting problems presented by the hybrids

ri e
give

is the meaning of the fact that those of
the puny type are, save for their branch-
ing roots, like poorly-grown Radishes. This
fact suggests that in them the Cabbage
chromosomes have been cast out of the

cells. Such a casting out of chromosomes
has been deseribed in the case of a hybrid
between species of two different genera of
sea urchin. In the cells of the Radish and
Cabbage hybrids, however, the complement
of chromosomes, eighteen, nine from each
parent, is complete, and therefore the
casting-out hypothesis will not do. The
infertility of the hybrids appears to be
associated with the fact that, in cell division
leading to. pollen formation, the parental
chromosomes of a cell do not pair with
one another as they do in normal divi-
sions, but remain apart; as a result, no
completely fertile pollen grains are formed.
This failure of chromosomes to pair in the
process of cell division, preliminary to pollen
formation, occurs also in other hybrids, as,
for example, those between Digitalis purpurea
and D. lutea. — Horticulturists who are daily
confronted. with the remarkably and seem-
ingly capricious behaviour. of plants. with
respect. to. capacity for hybridisation must
naturally take an interest. in all these
attempts to. seek out the procedure of the
cells themselves. Although it is a long and
arduous quest, there is hope that it will lead
eventually to the discovery of the meaning of
many, af not all, of those strange pheno-
mena of sterility, hybrid vigour, and the
like, of which those of us who make crosses
and raise hybrids see so many and such
striking examples.

Huntingdon Daffodil Show.—Miss P. Linton,
Hon. Secretary of the Huntingdon Daffodil
Show, informs us that the date of this show
has been altered from April 16 to April 17
as the Royal Horticultural Societys Show
falls on April 15 and 16.

The Late Sir Frank Crisp’s Collection of
Microscopes.—On Tuesday, the 17th inst.,

Messrs. Stevens disposed of the more valu-
able portion of the collection of microscopes
collected by the late Sir Frank Crisp, Bart.,
of Friar Park, Henley. The collection in its
entirety comprised some three thousand
microscopes and over one thousand pieces
of apparatus. The more modern microscopes
were sold by Messrs. Stevens during the
years 1920 and 1921, and those disposed cf

on the 17th inst. comprised the earlier and
rarer specimens, totalling 371 lots. The
total sum realised at the sale was £1,800,

the most valuable instrument being one of

elaborate construction made by G. Adams,
in Fleet Street, London, and contained in a
shaped Chippendale case, for which £360
was bid. Another micrescope, an original

modification of the Hooke microscope, dating
from about the year 1675. fetched £160.
The lots ineluded simple mierosecpes and

small pocket compound microscopes ;
pound microscopes

com-
dating from the seven

teenth century to the introduction of
achromatism in the early part of the
nineteenth century, optical cabinets, solar
and = projection microscopes. The late Sir

Frank Crisp was universally recognised as a

leading authority on microscop:s and all
important finds were brought under his

notice, so that he was able to obtain many
rare and interesting forms that it would
now be impossible to duplicate.

Garden City Settlements in Scotland.— Pre-

siding at the annual mecting of the Scottish

Veterans’ Garden City Association በ! Edin-
burgh on Friday. Lord = Salveson remarked
on the progressive success which had been
accomplished, | and stated they had been
able to complete no fewer than seventeen
settlements throughout Scotland. By the end
of 1924 every one of these settlements,

embracing 149 houses, was
disabled man and his wife. Nearly £200,000
had been spent on the scheme, and he
estimated that there was now a population
of 1,000 persons housed at the expense of
the Association. The need, of course, had
only been met to a very small extent. and
the erection of additional houses was
contemplated.

Plants for Chalk Soils. — Many gardeners
understand sometniag of the limitations hn-
posed upon their endeavours by certain soils.
But even so they ure frequently expected to
cultivate plants desired by their employers
or presented by friends, without aay previous
knowledge of the likes or dislikes of these
subjects. ‘In such cases muci time and irrita-
tion would be saved [ both employer and
gardener had ready access to lists of plants
suitable for different kinds of soils. One
such list is now available ia the recent issue
of the Kew Bulletin, No. 1, 1925. This deals
with plaats known to succeed in chalk soils,
and is contributed by Major F. C. Stera,
who has created «a charming garden at
Higndowa, Coring-on-Sea. This garden 18 at
an elevation of 250 feet and faces tue sea;
the soil is chalk with a thin overlay of loam

oecupied by a

which varies in depth, but rarely exceeds
one foot. It will be obvious that plants

which thrive under these conditions are un-
questiouubly chalk lovers, and that no mistake
can be made ia planting them on chalk soils.
Major Stera’s list consists of about five
hundred species and varieties, and includes
Arundinaria, Berberis in variety, Buddleia,
Ceanothus, Cistus, Clematis. Cupressus, Crypto-
meria, Cytisus, Daphne, Cotoneaster, Escallonia,
Erica, Fuchsia, Genista, Helianthemum, Ilex,
Juniperus, Lapageria, Lonicera, Magnolia,
Myrtus, Olearin, Pinus, Pyrus, Rhus, Rosa,
Rubus, Senecio, Spiraea, Syringa, Veronica,
Viburnum, Viola, Vitis, Wistaria, and Yucca.
Seveuteci Lilies and twenty-two lrises are
also listed, but no alpine or herbaceous
plants are quoted, as, with comparatively few
exceptions, these are quite at home on lime-
stcn^. Major Stern observes that ** Rhododea-
dron rubiginosum is included jin the list as
it ies grown and flowered on this soil for
over three years without showing any sign
of injury from the lime. Chinese Rho-
dodendrons, suen a R. oreotrephes, H. Trail.
lanum, and others from the Likiang Renge,
are being tried, but it is iot possible to
tell yet whether they are truly chalk plants

or not. It will ke noticed that the flora is
composed mostly of plants from China zad
New Zealend and some hardy plants from
South America and the Mediterranscain
region."

Glasgow and West of Scotland Horticultural

Society's Show.—Lady Maud Carnegie hax
consented to formally open the annual
flower show which is to be held in the

Kelvin Hall on September 1. Last year, it
may be recalled, she performed the opening
ceremony at Aberdeen Centenary show and
later at Dundee Show.

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144

ODONTOGLOSSUMS LUSTRE AND
MAGNET.

First flowers of these very distinct
Odontoglossums are sent by Messrs. Stuart.
Low and Co., Jarvisbrook, Sussex.

Odontoglossum Lustre (McNabianum x
ardentissimum) has the round shape of O.
Peecatorei and is of very distinct colour,
the sepals and petals being copper-red with
a narrow, cream-white margin. The lip is
reddish-purple at the base and yellow tinged
with red in front.

Odoatoglossum Magnet (Lambeauianum x
Lakiniae) is a model flower, the sepals and
petals being equally broad and of a dark
reddish-claret colour with a few cream-white
intersecting markings. The lip is large and
circular in outline, cream-white with evenly
distributed claret-red blotches. The white
column has dark purple 11068 at the back.

CYPRIPEDIUM MEMORIA F. M. OGILVIE
VAR. REX.

THE perfect beauty of this noble form of the
best hybrid Cypripedium ever raised, for which
Messrs. Armstrong and Brown, Tunbridge
Wells, received a First-Class Certificate at
the Royal Horticultural Society on February
10 (see Gard. Chron., February 14, p. 117)
suzgests that it and other superb sectional
types should be seeded with their own
polea and raised true rather than being
crossed with another which would only
obscure in the progeny the fine features it
possesses. Raised true from its own seeds
the batch would probably vary and give an
interesting lesson in plant-breeding.

Some of the seedlings would doubtless be
inferior to the parent, and a few equally
good, while by rare good fortune an even
better flower might be secured.

C. Memoria F. M. Ogilvie (Curtmannii x
Pyramus) is a grand testimonial to the
original raiser, G. F. Moore, Esq., Chardwar,
Bourton-on-the-Water (gr. Mr. Pag») who
also raised both parents of this fine hybrid
and many other Cypripediums that are in
the front rank.

EPIPENDRUM ENDRESIO-WALLISII.

H. T. ጅ፲፲ፕ, Esq., Rosslyn, Stamford Hill
(gr. Mr. Thurgood). showed in his group at
the Royal Horticultural Society's meeting on
January 27, a selection of this pretty
winter-flowering Epidendrum which has been
rais»d in his garden by crossing the yellow
and purple E. Wallisii and the little white
and violet E. Endresii, both of which
species have been in his collection from the
original importations.

The plants are still giving & good supply
of flowers, which are two inches across and
vary considerably in colour, the darkest
having the labellums coloured dark violet
while the lighter forms have mauve lines on a
white ground. The inflorescence is terminal,
with lateral sprays also on the top of the
slender, reed-like stems. The cross was
originally raised and flowered by Messrs.
J. Veitch and Sons at Chelsea, who obtained a
First-Class Certificate for it on January 12,

1892.
ODONTIODA ARGUS.

A FLOWER of this finely coloured Odon-
tioda, raised by crossing Odontoglossum
eximium and Oda. Sibyl, is sent by Clive
Cookson, Esq., Nether Waden, Hexham-on-
Tyne (gr. Mr. W. J. Stables).

Odontoglossum crispum and O. Pescatorei,
which enter largely into the composition of
this hybrid, give large size and fine shape,
whilst Cochlioda Noezliana is responsible for
the bright ruby-red of the sepals and petals,
which have a few small white lines and
white markings on the margins and tips.

The lip has a prominent yellow crest
surrounded by a white band, which is en-
closed by an irregular ruby-red line; the
front of the lip is white with small red
lines around the edge. The reverse side of
the flower shows the colour of the front
with a white midrib.

— — ወው ዛይ መ ው À — — — -— ---

THE

GARDENERS’
INDOOR PLANTS.

LACHENALIAS.
THERE have been one or two references

to Lachenalias in your valuable paper, and

I venture to offer another from one of your
amateur readers who has been captivated
by the glorious beauty of a large and
varied collection of these flowers grown by
Mr. William Mauger in Guernsey. During
a stay of several weeks in the island 1
have been able to make an almost daily
visit to the collection, and have watched
the development of the plants into full
beauty, and experienced an_ ever-increasing
fascination and surprise.

The house not only contains a large number
of plants in more than twenty named varieties,
but also very many seedlings of chosen
parentage, producing flowers of extraordinary
beauty, both in colour and form; chromes
and crimsons, with an occasional touch of
emerald, have arranged themselves in gorgeous
and varied combinations, and in many
instances an overflow of colour is spared to
provide stems and leaves with a bespangling
of very attractive beauty spots.

The accompanying photograph [aot suitable
for reproduction—EDs.] is of a representative
plant of about average vigour; the large
spike is bearing between thirty and forty
bells, some not yet developed; the leaves
are broad and graceful, beautifully spotted,
some measuring nine inches by nearly three
inches ; the individual bells are more
eampanulate than in such an old repre-
santative kind as pendula, and the trumpet.
shaped centre contributes an added grace of
form.

It wil be surprising if these new hybrids
do not make a very wide appeal: they
surely only want to be known to find
their way into every plant-house from which
frost can be excluded, for they are easy to
cultivate, early to bloom, and fascinating in
their prolonged beauty. W. D

PASSIFLORA AND TACSONIA

PASSIFLORAS and Tacsonias are beautiful,
free-growing, evergreen climbers closely allied
to each other. The Tacsonia is sometimes
regarded as a section of the Passiflora, from
which it may readily be distinguished by the
elongated calyx tube; members of both
genera require similar treatment.

Passifloras, or Passion flowers—-the name
having reference to the filaments or rays.
and other parts of the flower being likened
to the nails, cross, etc., associated with
Christ's crucifixion—are robust-habited, free-
blooming climbers, many of them most
suitable for covering the pillars, rafters, and
roofs of cool greenhouses or conservatories,
whilst others require a stove or warm tem-
perate house. In suitable conditions the
plants grow luxuriantly, producing large flowers
of various shades of colours on long, pendant
stalks. As many greenhouses and conservatories
are now receiving their annual cleansing a good
opportunity is afforded for planting these
climbers. In planting Passifloras and Tacsonias
take care that the roots are given sufiicient
room to spread, and see that the drainage
is efficient, as that is essential to prevent
the soil from becoming sour.
should consist of a mixture of rough, turfy
loam, fibrous peat, or leaf-mould, lightened
with silver sand.

A few of the choicest Passifloras for
cultivation in the stove or warm temperate
house are P. racemosa (syn. princeps) a
very distinct and beautiful species which
should be grown in every collection of
climbers. The plant does well in any ordinary
warm temperate house; it is very frec
flowering, of neat habit, producing racemes
of rich reddish-scarlet flowers, which last for
a very long time. P. edulis is grown more

CHRONICLE.

The latter.

FEBRUABY 28, 1925.

for ite fruits than for its flowers. This species
fruits freely in a stove temperature but does
not thrive in a cool house. P. quadrangularis
is & very strong-growing variety suitable for
the stove house; the flowers are red, white,
and purple. This species also bears fruite,
but the flowers require to be pollinated by
means of a small camel-hair brush. P.
raddiana (syn. kermesina) flowers towards the
autumn; it is very distinct with blood-red
flowers. P. alata is a pretty species with green.
blue, and red flowers; this Passion flower
blooms early in the season. P. Decaisneana
is & vigorous grower, with carmine, purple,
and white flowers.

All those «described uire & winter tem-
perature from 55° to 60°. The following may
be grown in any ordinary cool house having
a winter temperature of 45° to 50°. P. alato-
coerulea (syn. P. Fordtii), the petals white
inside, the calyx rose, and the filaments blue
and white: P. coerulea racemosa rubra, a
very distinct. free-flowering variety of neat
habit and moderate growth: P. coerulea
Constance Elliott. a very free-flowering hybrid
producing white flowers, which may be grown
out-of-doors in warm, sunny positions in mild
winters with slight protection from the frost:
P. Bellottii, a vigorous-growing variety, very
free-flowering. the sepals flesh colour, the
petals delicate rose, and the rays of the
corona blue: P. actinia, a late-flowering
species with whitish flowers; P. Allardii, a
hybrid between P. quadrangularis and the
variety Constance Elliott. with almost pure
white petals that have just a shade of pink,
and the filaments of the corona deep cobalt
blue: this is a very free-flowering plant.
There are many others but those described
are amongst the best.

Tacsonias are amongst the most useful free-
flowering climbers cultivated for covering
pillars. rafters. and roofs of any ordinary
cool conservatory. and when tho plants are
in bloom it is a very pretty sight to see
the flower tubes hanging from the roof in
large quantities. Tacsonias succeed in a winter
temperature of about 40° to 45° and thrive and
flower better planted out than when grown
in pots. When in full growth they should
be neatly trained to the roof or rafters. Cut
out all superfluous growths in order that
plenty of light may enter the plants and
favour their flowering. Amongst the best
Tacsonias for cultivating are T. Van Volxemii,
a crimson-scarlet, very showy species. and
one of the finest: T. exoniensis, a strong
grower, with sepals and petals bright rosy
pink, and a violet throat—it is a hybrid
between T. mollissima and T. Van Volxemii;
T. mollissima, & very pretty free-flowering.
rose coloured species, blooming during August
and September; the fruits of this species
are edible; T. insignis (syn. Passiflora insignis),
a very distinct species of moderate growth
producing large flowers of & luminous crimson
colour. which changes after gathering to violet.
rose; T. Smythiana. & very handsome hybrid,
the flowers measuring four inches to five
inches in length, and of & peculiar and most
distinct colour—a very brilliant rosy-salmon
pink: and T. ignea (syn. manicata), a very
pretty neat growing species, with scarlet
flowers and distinct.

Tacsonias are easily increased by cuttings
made of half-ripened shoots, inserted any time -
during the summer, and rooted in slight
bottom heat under a handlight or frame.
The cuttings should not be allowed to flag.
Grow them in soil as recommended for
Passifloras.

When in full growth Tacsonias require
plenty of water but not so much as would
sodden the soil. During the winter they only
require sufficient moisture to prevent them
from flagging.

The majority of Passifloras and "Tacsonias
are very strong growers and require much
attention in regulating and thinning the shoots,
otherwise the growths will become entangled.
John Heal, V.M.H.

E
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EXTRA. EARLY |

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15. FOR. J: Site anmponisbine. ant — é de- Fur iud bonsiderably: ‘earlier than such’: warieties,

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(DM
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,ANTIRRHINUM NANUM. —
ECLIPSE. Undoubtedly -hA -
the best — Thes recent UE

| PION. J variety” ta ae.
akehi- ሄብ6ኣ Cxradüs | type.
heh has ‘proved c he.
| 819085. “popular nt: recent

| አጠፉ ይ ህህ for የረገጠ
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viii.

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Stores A, s ARUM i ^ dol lid

in ኸታ dy o —

or, “POPULAR” COLLECTION

| exnaisting- of. 18- Buh Rees Trees,
frat class varieties, for Garden’ effect.

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Sports Grounds.
| 38 Winter.

RS aS duy Tito gei eni ን ቸት PE ROTETA
n i EE " ሃር ure veru ል ዚንክ nies
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FEBRUARY 28, 1898:

eu. alic = ox anthi eii pri ted at
“ORs deogoo and 3 Dresanje of Suri ነዓ
ji Tides: Destroyer 3t ihe rüte of 43 [86 ...
per; o dis Ee applied m odry
| Piette aem ~ 24415 ; R While the" |
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ALL BRITISH GROWN |

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—
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Mte MM

[o Van ES SY KOA

: አመ pee de Pu demi. 8.

Madame A. PUR Mrs. John Laing

This mustum. carriage and packing Free, 158
ja a artes.

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T he’ ‘Royal Nurseries. MS

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yee ርና ሐመ”

ያን 3 de Tre fees, “ህህ rel
Sire. Bites, free. on application Ham

HENRY MERBYWEATBER & Sons Ltd.

WA. — — T |ቺ P um UNS CECI
For | ‘Spring Planting. Sq urs NC MOC A E o T NE Kal — cp
he Executors ot the Tate” — E E ANDE SPECI AL. CUETO RE. | 1-ሽ... Patented No. 288720).

i ANTHONY "nk የ ” Vice List: icon For gana, e^ —

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ነነ LIMES, PLANES, ELMS, Ete, Bes | |
> EVERGREEN & DECIDUOUS. 589085 - mis
m Box; greet dant variegated. 3 48 8 Es
Ve ቭ nes, Conon, BAO BE S o s $
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JAMES. & GEO. H. MATTHEWS, Heni i: harora WOOD, ው
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146

Pine by means of seeds collected on behalf
of the Royal Horticultural Society.

P. Sabiniana is a tree forty feet to eighty
feet in height, the trunk frequently growing

slanting or forking when not more tha.,
fifteen feet to twenty-five feet high. The
leaves are in threes, seven iaches to nine
inches long, sparsely arranged, giving the

tree a distinctively thia appearance, though
they remain on the tree for three years.
The remarkably distiact, rugged. spiuy-looking
cones are six inches to ten inches long and
four inches to six inches wide, and remaia oa

the trees from. two to seven years. The
tallest trees recorded in cultivation ia this

country are between sixty feet aud seventy
feet high, specimens of this height growing at
Kew, Ledbury, Madresfield Court, aud else-
where.

A specimen branch from the Royal Botanic
Gardens, Kew, was exhibited at the mecting
of the Royal Horticultural Society on the
10th inst. (see p. 117). 4. O.

ERIOBOTRYA JAPONICA.

THE natural order Rosaceae, the members
of which play a great part in furnishiug
our shrubberies with flowering trees and
shrubs of great beauty, also provides us with
an ornamental foliage shrub of more than
ordinary merit in Eriobotrya japonica. Its
large, evergreen, elliptie-lanceolate leaves, often
over a foot long and three or four inches
wide, are of a deep, shining green on the
upper surface and grey underneath. They
are borne alternately on the branches, uniting
into rosettes at the extremities, and give the
plant a striking appearance.

The flowers are borne in terminal corymbs
but have little decorative value, and, as
they open at the beginning of the winter
they seldom produce fruits in this country.

In the South of France the fruits set
freely, grow slowly during the winter and Bpring,
and ripen in July. The „fruit is juicy and
of delicate fiavour, and “there is a fairly
extensive demand for it in Southern France
and Northern Italy.

The plant flourishes in a light, rich loam,
and if given the protection of a wall it
grows rapidly and makes a fine specimen in
a few years. Propagation may be effected
by means of layering or grafting, and it is
said that plants grafted on the common
Quince stock gain in hardiness. It may also
be raised easily from seeds, which should be
sown in & cold frame so soon as they are
ripe.

KALMIAS.

THis genus of North American Ericaceous
plants furnishes our gardens with several
delightful evergreen shrubs of considerable
decorative merit. They thrive in a cool, moist
soil, especially of a peaty nature, and prefer
an open position. A gentle slope with south
or south-west aspect suits them admirably,
and they are ideal subjeets for growing in
association with Azaleas and Rhododendrons.

K. angustifolium 18 ዜ dwarf shrub seldom
exceeding two or three feet in height, bearing
its bright red flowers at about the end of
May.

K. glauca is another equally desirable shrub,
somewhat dwarfer but less compact in habit,
and flowering a few weeks earlier.

K. latifolia is probably the best-known and
most widely grown species, and although
inclined to become leggy after a few years,
it is well worth growing. It haa handsome,
bright green foliage and dense, terminal clusters
of delicate pink, wax-like flowers. The plant
commences to flower at the end of May and
continues in bloom through the early summer.

Kalmias may be propagated from cuttings
of partially ripened growths inserted in sandy
soll in a shady position, and covered with a
bell-glass. Seeds may also be sown in pans,
and germinated in a cold. frame, in which
the seedlings should. be grown on until they
are large enough to be transferred to the
open. W. Auton.

THE

GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.
————————————————MMM— Mam VBAVNIGLÉ. 0000

NOTICES OF BOOKS.
Shrubs for Amateurs.

MrR. W. J. Bean has performed a uscful
service in drawing the attention of owners
of small gardens to their general neglect of
the cultivation of hardy shrubs: and he has
performed a yet more useful service in
showing them in bhis recently published
volume* how they may remedy their neglect.
It is ditheult indeed to understand why
even the smallest of gardens should not
possess at all events a few of the less
rampant, early-fowering shrubs, which do
so much to make the garden beautiful
before the usual herbaceous members of it
have begun to blossom. A single bush of
Cytisus praecox-- where the soil permits of
its growth; of Spiraea Thunbergii, which is
covered in Mareh with a snow of flowers:
or of Magnolia stellata, none of whieh need
be left to grow too large— would lend dis-
tinction to any garden and give pleasure to
every owner. Moreover, there are the ever-
green shrubs, some of which make beautiful
backgrounds to borders. Among them is the
comparatively new Lonicera nitida with its

graceful, almost Fern-like foliage, its
wonderful tolerance of transplanting and of
pruning.

Of Berberis also there are species of all
size and amenability 10 training. 8.

stenophylla may grow too large as imay
6180 B. Darwinii, and the same is true of
B. Wilsoniae; but there are others which

do not ramp and are either evergreen or

nearly . so, B. polyantha, for example,
although described as deciduous, gives

seedlings—which anyone may raisc--some of
which are as nearly as may be evergreen.
And even those which shed their leaves
have stems which in grace and colouring
are beautiful all the winter. Cistus, again,
is a genus which suffers from unmerited
neglect. Anyone with a wall should grow
C. corbariensis; it matters not whether the
ground be stiff or only loamy; provided
plenty of water is available it .and its
allies will thrive amazingly. Mr. Bean, it is

true, praises the genus. but for our part
we do not think with warm enough praise.
He suggests that the gardener must be
matutinal to see tho flowers, but in point

of fact on most summer days the sun in
England is not hot enough to destroy the
: the

day's crop of flowers and, moreover,
flowers continue not for two months, but
for well over three. It is true that report

calls the Cistuses tender: but where they get
water enough these dry-climate plants grow

vigorously and withstand ordinary winters.
Even though they are apt to die off as
they are said to do, how easy it is to
have provision for their replenishment. A

cutting stuck in sand in July is rooted by
the autumn and ready for planting out in

spring. C. algavensis--if Cistus it be, with
evergreen, greyish-foliage. -is worth a place
for leafage alone. Then there are the
Forsythias, of whieh some at all events
may be kept in bounds to beeome each
spring a smother of yelow flowers. F.
suspensa may need the shelter of a wall

which to display its
which go by the
variety spectabilis

and a large place in
charms, but the hybrids
names intermedia and its

need not be allowed to grow out of hand.
For gardeners with limeless soil there are
the Heaths, of which some begin to flower

in January and others carry. on the flower-
ing throughout the year. Olearia Haastii is
a shrub which is always trim, evergreen
and beautiful, with abundant white flowers.
Genista aetnensis, which Mr. Bean ealls
"lanky," [2 among the most beautiful late
flowering shrubs and may ከሁ trained on a
single stem to send a cascade of flowering
branches flowing downward to the ground.
Cytisus Andreanus is another good plant for

* Shrubs for Amateurs, By W. J. Bean, Curator of
the Royal Gardens, Kew. Country Lite Library, 20,
Tavistock Street, W.C. 5. Price 5s, uet,

1925.

—

FEBRUARY 2s.

soils lacking lime, and C. Dallimorei, where

it does well, is charming. What gardener
would not grow if he could—and it is
"chancey," mocking the efforts of the
clever and delighting in cottage gardens -

Daphne Mez-reum, either the purple-red flowered
type, or the cream or pure. white variety.
The carly flowers which precede the leaves are
8 herald of the floriferousness of summer with
all the da ntiness of spring. Another shrub
which is worth its place in any garden and
yet but rarely. seen is Decaisnea Fargesi,
not everybody's plant, with stems and leaves

of a bluish-green—the former arching—and
with fruits of a dark maroon-purple, lasting

almost to the end of the year. It needs,
however, ample space and isolation in which
to display its symmeiry and charm. But the

list is endless. Even Mr. Bean's little book
contains the names of more shrubs than
the ordinary large garden contains. but
nevertheless it will, we think, amply fulfi!
its purpose. The gardener who elects to
start with one or two shrubs will not stop
there. He will find that as the shrubs

grow so does his love of them. and he will
discover that by — careful grouping of
deciduous and evergreens he can augment
the beauty of his garden without discardins
the herbaceous flowers which have and
deserve a permanent place in the garden.
When the amateur has hived all the storex
of knowledge contained in the pages of the
small book he may turn to Mr. Beans
larger work on the same subject and share

by its perusal the pleasure and edification
which it has given and gives still to all
who cultivate trees and shrubs.

Practical Pruning.*

WRITERS on pruning too often either follow
one another like sheep or else advance
fanciful theories of their own which have no

scientific basis. [t is refreshing, therefore, to
find a book by an author who has done

neither of these things. Obviously he knows
his subject thoroughly from experience and
is familiar with the recent work of research
stations bearing on the matter. Eminently
practical and sensible correctly describes the
methods of pruning advised.

In the case of orchard trees, instead of
the annual close-pruning butchery of the old
school, lighter and more natural treatment ia
recommended after the first. few years of
hard pruning to form the foundation of the
tree. A wise distinction. is made between
permanent and temporary trees, the latter
being more lightly dealt with from the start
in order to bring them quickly into bearing,

whilst the permanent tree is not to be
induced to bear heavy crops before it has
attained sufficient vigour to earry them
without danger. With regard to the first

cutting back of newly planted trees, whether
it should be done at once. or on the swelling

of the buds. or after a years interval, the
author sensibly remarks that. as each of
these methods is practised by = successful

growers it cannot be held that one has any
particular advantage over the others. For
Pears which are getting old, and which make
a great show of bloom followed by little
fruit. thinning the spurs to six inches apart.
14. advised. For Plums, once the tree has
been formed. pruning is restricted 10 the mere
removal of dead wood and crossing branches.
The training of maiden fruit trees for all kinds
of orchard and restricted specimena, and their
subsequent pruning, are dealt with, and bush
fruits are included, the authors remarks in
all eases being brief but much to the point.
There is a chapter also on the pruning of
toses and another on spraying. The latter
is less satisfactory than the rest of the book.
particularly in respect. to the reliance: placed
on dime-sulphur as an insecticide. M. ዐ.

* Practical Pruning. By J.W. Morton. 137 pp. Hlu-
trated. London; The Lockwood Press, 1, Mitre Court,
Fleet Street. Priee 2s. 01. net.

FEBRUARY 28, 1925

THE

GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

147

KEW NOTES.

TREES AND
FLOWER.
THE most interesting features of the outdoor
gardens at Kew at the present time are the
numerous trees and shrubs already blooming
or on the point of expanding their blossorns.

"NOME SHRUBS IN

Several species are in flower in the more
purely decorative parts of the garden, but
the greater number is to be found in the
colleetions in the various beds in the
Arboretum. 11 is surprising how soon after
the New Year commences certain trees and
shrubs seem to wake from their winter
sleep, and when every allowance is made

for the exceptionally mild winter not a few

gardeners would be surprised at the great
wealth of trees and shrubs already pre-

paring for seed time and harvest.

Many of the most precocious flowers are
to be found amongst the Rosaceae and the
genus Prunus is pre-eminent in this respect,

indeed, to my mind, the most glorious
shrub in flower at the present time in the
whole collection is the beautiful Prunus
cerasifera var. Blireiana, a form of the
Cherry Plum or Myrobalan. Each bloom
measures gute one-and-a-half inch across
and it is of the most delightful clear pink

colour and almost semi-double. It 14 of a
much richer tone than the Almond, which
ranks amongt the most glorious of the
early spring-flowering trees, and although
this variety of Cherry Plum is quite bare
of foliage the shoots bearing the blossoms
are very picturesque and would be greatly
prized as floral decoration in vases indoors.
It seems almost impossible that such a
beautiful flowered form should have been
derived from the type, which has small
white flowers that look something like those
of the White Thorn, but a little bigger.
The best specimen of Prunus cerasifera is a
very big tree, smothered in flower buds
and expanded blossoms. Growing in com-
pany with the type and the variety named
is another form known as atropurpurea, and
both Blireiana and atropurpurea have dark
purple foliage. The last is better known in
gardens as Prunus Pissardii and 15 said to
have originated in Persia; it is one of the
most commonly grown trees for its striking
folage in summer.

Some of the species of Prunus appear to
be very closely related, for Prunus cerasifera
var. atropurpurea has blossoms that appear
to be identical with those of Prunus Mumé,
although, when placed side by side, those
of atropurpurea are a little more cup-shaped.
Both are semi-double and of a delicate rosc-
pink colour, something like Peach blossom.

The true Prunus Amygdalus has big, open,
white flowers not a bit like those of the
Almonds of gardens, that is, assuming the
Kew tree labelled P. Amygdalus is the type.
This is indeed a glorious tree, and it is a pity
that this white-flowered Almond is neglected
for the rosy-coloured one. [በ these white
forms, such as in P. cerasifera var. atro-
purpurea, the buds are pinky, and with the
young, bronzy-red foliage that is just appear-
ing the tree has a very warm tone.

One of the most precocious of the trees
is a specimen of Prunus Padus variety.

growing near the Temperate House, which is

nearly in full leaf, and at a little distance
looks like a Willow sending out its young
growths. It would be interesting to know

if this special tree is always so forward at

this season, for the young shoots look very
tender, and I fear that severe frost would
suffice to blacken them. A comparatively

new species, P. Conradinae, is well furnished

with its white, half-opened flowers, which
have a ruby-coloured calyx and stalk. This
plant was sent home by Mr. E. H. Wilson,

who found it on March 14, 1900, in cultiva-

tion at Iehang, China.
Another interesting family ዐየ

flower at the present time is

melix, of which H. japonica var.

shrubs in
Hama-
Zuccari-

niana is the best and
as one of the most
spring-Howertng shrubs.
moa ruby-red cup,

Bean
early,
are set

described by
beautiful of
The flowers
which forms the calyx,
but the narrow, |; strapeshaped, pale lemon-
yellow petals are the most. conspicuous
parts. 1n the type tbe petals are a deeper
yellow: both are slightly scented. Hama-
melis aurea is very near to H. j. var.
Zuccariniana, but the strap-shaped segments
are of a paler shade and these also arise
from a ruby-coloured cup. H. virginiana is
not nearly so conspicuous, the flowers being
of a greenish-yellow shade.

ላ very fine specimen of Nuttalia cerasi-
formis, the American Oso Berry (Fig. 57)

FIG. 57.--NUTTALIA CERASIFORMIS ;
FLOWER
is covered with flowers. Nearly all the

shoots are bearing their complement of short

racemes of white flowers, as shown so well
in the illustration. This shrub is deciduous
but it is already well furnished with new

foliage, the leaves being narrow, oblong, or
lance-shaped, and two inches to three-and-a-
half inches long. The flowers are Almond-
scented and as Bean, in Trees and Shrubs
Hardy in the British Isles, states that the
blossoms are usually fully open by the
third week in March, the flowering this
season must be unusually early. This shrub
i» interesting in the fact that male and
female flowers usually oecur on different
plants and sometimes they are herma-
phrodite as in the one enlarged in
Fig. 57. When bushes of the different
sexes are planted near cach other the

female specimens will set fruits in abun:
dance.

In a warm corner near the. wall of the
Temperate House a plant of | Raphtolepis

Delacouri is in bloom; tbis plant is said to

be a variety or hybrid of R. japonica, bat
in R. japonica the flowers are white,
whereas in R. Delacouri they are as pink
as those of an Escallonia. The blossoms

are produced in short, terminal racemes and
as the tree is evergreen it seems to be well
worth planting in favoured districts. The
leaves are ovate-lanceolate, very dark green in
colour and the plant may be aptly likened
to a small bush of Bay Laurel. Growing
also in a sheltered corner under the wall of

WITH HERMAPHRODITE

x 4

the Temperate House is a plant of Azara
Browniae in flower. The blossoms, whieh are
bright yellow, seem very shy in exposing
themselves, for it is only on lifting up the
sprays that their ful beauty is revealed.
The attractive part is the filaments which
are a very fine shade of yellow. The
foliage is about one-and-a-half inch long.
one inch wide, very dark green above, but
pale green below.

By the time these notes appear in print a
fine bush of Parrotia Jacquemontiana will be
a most beautiful sight, for on the day of
my visit, February 19, the fat flower buds
were just on the point of bursting, revealing
the golden anthers that are apparently
indefinite in numbers. The Kew bush is a
very shapely specimen and covered with
flower buds. T.

148 - | Y — = THE « 3 PARDEE VERS CHRONICLE. j PX :: ee CUM ያይ FEDRE Any. 3. D

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Sayirend »f- 8. "EHE 35. F ade Head do

1925.

FEBRUARY 28,

Franchet had added a
second species—N. meleagrina—to his erst-
while monotypic genus, the plant having
heen sent to Paris by Soulié. who gathered
it on Mt. Sela. on the hanks of the Mekong
river. A third—-N. Maireimwas added in
1913 by Leveillé from specimens collected
by Maire ji N. E. Yunnan; but neither of
these two seems to have been cultivated.
Then Forrest’s work began to tell, i

Before he died,

aad in
1914 a species of his finding flowered at the
Edinburgh Botanie Garden, nad was aame
N. leucantha. The lovely flower, larger in

all its parts than N. pardenthina, is white,

profusely freckled with maroon spots, which
at the heart merge iato a cloud of the
same tint. Altogether, though the petal
backgroui:d is white, the flower is so richly
coloured as to make ove wonder if the

specifie name (leucaathas> white-flowered) is
auy more appropriate tban Farrers * Marble

Martagon" is for the Lily called after him
—L. Duchartrei var. Farreri—for ia cultiva-
tion, that plant often has almost as much
maroon about it as white. But Forrest's
field notes provide the explanation, for on
them he wrote the plant down as sathiy-
white or watery-white, both with — nad
without markings. He had collected the
plant ia 1906 and again in 1910, oa the

margins of Pine forests, on the eastera flank

of the Tali Range at 11,000 feet to 13,000
feet.
Almost at the same time, another Forres-

tian Nomocharis flowered simultaneously at
Edinburgh aad in the writers garden, aud
this proved to be the species oa which
Franchet had founded the geius--N. par-
danthina. The plant had been raised from
seed generously shared by Messrs. Bees with
the Edinburgh Botanic Garden aud the
writer. An Edinburgh specimen was shown
at Vincent Square on June 6, 1916, and
naturally created much interest oa the
occasion of its first public appearance.

The four species referred to represent all
the members of this family which have so
far been brought within the limits laid dowa
by Franchet with the material available to
him twenty-five years ago, but in the light
of his examination of the genus Fritillaria
and the genus Nomocharis, Bayley Balfour,
the monographer of the latter genus, evidently
felt the iced for some revision of the
position of outlying members of both the
Lily and Frtilary families; aad in pursuance
of his views, suggested a broadeniig of the
generic basis of Nomocharis. His iuvestiga-
tious led the learned botanist to the
conclusion that the oily definite character
peculiar to all the then kuowa Nomo-
charis (1918) was the rounded summit to
the Pear-shaped base of the 8[8ከበር,,8, which
Franchet termed “the hollow, inflated lower
part of staminal filamets,” aud Farrer, less
burdened by the need for scieutifie precision,
aptly called “the curious tubercular swelling
at the base of the stameus.” Balfour showed

that the swelling was aot hollow, for it
contaias the vascular bwu cle aad cellular
tissue. He also fouid that other characters

relied on by Franchet were not peculiar to
Nomocharis, but wero shared by some Lilies
and some Fritillaries. He therefore proposed
for Nomocharis a revision and widening of
Franchet's generic characters which brought
in Fritillaria flavida, F. lophophora, F.
Stracheyi, as well as Nomocharis Wardii—a
new Wardian species—F. K. Ward's species
No. 758 and Lilium oxypetalum. These he
grouped in the genus as Ovxypetala, the
principal characters bei.g a small bulb with
narrow, non-converging scale bulbs, a stem
not rooting over the bulb, a fuuael shaped

or concave perianth aad stamen filaments
noticeably less swollen at the base than in

Franchet's type plaat.

Into a second series he proposed to cal.
Eunocharis, Balfour grouped Fraachet's original
type (N. pardauthina), as well as Ni
leucantha, N. Mairei aud N. meleagrina. In
this group the bulbs are larger than in the
first group and have few fleshv scales; the

THE

GARDENERS

—

stem has roots over the bulb; the perianth
is open and often flat, the segments are
usually dissimilar, and the staminal filaments
much inflated.

The third series, calle

Ecristultet, takes in

~ — — EAS
Vas amat m n — — — |

CHRONICLE.

149

the bulb, the perianth 18 even 1688 open ani

the staminal filaments are only slightly
inflated.
Tt remains to ከቦ seen whether the pro-

posed revision will hold for the considerable

|
|
1
1
i
f
|
FIG. 59. —NOMOCHARIS. PARDANTHINA, FRANCHET.

(Reproduced from the Journal de BHotaniqu^, 1889.)

1, Sepals: 2, Petal; 3 Stamen: 4d, Pistil; 3, Ovary.
N. Forrestii (Forrest's No. 10,620; 1912). N. amouat of aew Farrerian, Forrestian, aud
salue.sis (Forrest's No. 493: 1904), acd N. Wardian material which has accumulated
tricolor (F. K. Ward's No. 801; 1913), al since 1918, when Bayley Balfour proposed

of which Bayley Balfour created. la these
plaats the bulb is stil larger, with many
fleshy scales, the stem again has roots above

his tentative enumeration; but the suggested
rearrangement is convenient, and seems to
offer a reasonable solution of diffleulties

150

which have faced students of Lilium, Fri-
tillarta, and Nomocharis. [t also seems to
ofer a satisfactory resting place for the
Himalayan plant Royle* named Fritillaria
oxypetala, which has since beea bandied
about by oae botanist aad another. 1.1
1875 f Baker reaamed it Lilium oxypetalum
and later, Elwesf followed his example.
Ta 1892 8 Sir Joseph Hooker placed the plant
back amoag Fritillaria.

One of the main difficulties of students in
the consideration of the Himalayan aad
Western Chinese Fritillaries which Balfour
proposed to shepherd into the Nomocharis
fold has been the shape of the bulb. It is
elongated, with more or less ovate-laaccolate
pointed scales, very differeat in shape from
the short, somewhat globose bulb with
rounded, tuberous scales, of typical Fritillary,
of which several, such as F. cirrhosa, F.
decussata and F. Delavayi are fouad in
Western Chiaa. It takes more the form of
the bulb of Lilium polyphyllum., L. temi-
folium aad L. cernuum, and if bulb character
is aa important point, the three Lilies ia

question, and L. Thomsouianum as well,
tend to show that Lilium and Nomocharis
are closer to each other than either is to

Fritillaria.

As yet, the outdoor cultivation of Nomo-
charis ii this couatry has proved singularly
difficult, aad so far as the writer is aware,
it cannot at present be said to ከ6 perennial
ia aay gardea. This is not for want of
tryiag, for many thousands of seedliags
must have been raised from seeds sent home
by Farrer, Ward, and particularly Forrest.
Oa the other hand, there seems no parti-
cular difficulty in cultivating Nomocharis in
pots under glass and witnout heat. The
failure of tho genus in the gardena may be
due, ia some measure, to the difficulty of
keepiag the bulbs reasonably dry whea they
are dormant, for that is the cultivator's
prime difficulty with Lilium polyphyllum, a

species amenable énough under cover but
more troublesome in the opea. Some day
the secret of the outdoor cultivation of
Nomocharis will doubtless he discovered,

either by consistent experiment, or, as often
happens, fortuitously.
la aa article on

Nomocharis | the chief
Ediaburgh Botanic Garden receatly drew
attention to what may be called the
burrowing habits of Nomocharis. The writer
is able to confirm Mr. Stewarts iuterestiag
observations, for when maay years ago,
Professor Bayley Balfour kiadly shared with
him Forrest's original sending of the seeds
of Nomocharis, the seeds seemed to have
come to nothing until, oa turaing out the
pan in which they had been sown, aud
which happened to be eight inches deep, a
swarm of secdlings was found on the floor
of the pan, in among the drainage. As tho
reeds were sown half-an-inch under tho surface
the bulbs had travelled nearly seven inches
down.

In the practical cultivation of the genus
in thia country, planting at cight inches or
nine Inches below the surface does not seem
to be of any avail, but this may ከቦ
hecause the temperature of the ground at
that depth in England is not sufficiently
high. Many plants which habitually go some
way down in the country of their origin do
not necessarily flourish, or even grow, here
when planted at a similar depth. The wild
Lilium polyphyllum, for instance, is commonly
found nine inches or ten inches deep, in
leaf-mould, but one might as well throw the
bulbs away as plant them in that fashion
in this country. Again, in the Transvaal,
the corms of Moraea spathacea are some-
times found deep down, but here they grow
hest at about four inches under the surface.
No doubt a series of dry summers, such as

the propagation of
propagator at the

* fllius. Hot. Himal., 1. (1839), 388,

ተ Journ. Linn. Noe., xiv. (1875), 2:14,
Monogr. Ld. (18590), t. 5.

s Fl. Brit. Ind., vi. (1892), 352.

| The Garden. Jan, 3, 1925, p. 3.

++

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

wo had in the ‘nineties, might profoundly
modify our conception of the cultivation of
many plants, but 80. long as our climate
renis what 11 has been for about twenty-
five years, it seems waste of time slavishly

to follow Natures ways in the garden.
Fig. 59, which is a photographie repro-
duction of the plate illustrating Franchets
description of the genus and species*,
clearly shows the characters to whieh he
attached importance ;--the dissimilar sepals
(1) and petals (2), the needle-like filaments
springing from the swollen, Pear-shaped
base (3) and the pits on the frilled

petals (2). A. Grove.

JUDGES AND DISQUALIFICATIONS.

THE subject of judging, or making the
awards to exhibits at shows of garden
produce is of perennial interest and not the
least interesting, and undoubtedly one of the
most important, aspects of it is that of
disqualifications. The success of a show may.
indeed. does, depend in material. measure on
the decisions of the appointed adjudicators,
and organisers are so far alive to. the fact
that they spare no endeavours to secure the
services of men of sound knowledge and, of
course, unimpeachable honesty. Exhibitors,
too, are eager to have men of repute inspect

their exhibits and would rather that they
should come from a distance than from
close at home.

In regard to the selection. of judges the

common fault committed by authorities is
rigid adherence to the same men year after
vear, notwithstanding that some of them
may be so far physically, if not mentally.
enfeebled as to be obviously unequal to the
strain of a task which may vary in its
demands, but can never be easy. Youth
must be served, and when considering the
appointment of judges, organisers of shows
are wise who bear this in mind and leaven
the experience of the veterans with the
alertness of body and mind of the younger

generation. The young gardeners of to-day
have been hit hard in the pages of The
Gardeners’ Chronicle within the past few

months by men who seem to have forgotten
that they themselves were hit just as hard
by the generation which preceded therm.
Age has always condemned youth as decadent,
and probably always will do, but it 18 the
gloomy pessimist alone who would have the
world believe that it does not wag as
strongly as it did in the days of Wellington
and Nelson. Briti-h gardening is as safe in
the hands of the men from twenty to forty
years of age as it was those same and

more years ago. This, however, is a
digression, excuse for which is sought on

the ground that age should seek to assist
youth by training it in the important work
of judging, as it has «done before in other
phases 6. our most ancient and most
honourable craft.

Precisely as judges are presumed to cast
odium upon an exhibitor when they inscribe
the word “disqualified” on the back of his
class card, so also do they bring odium
upon themselves. Judges, exhibitors, and
organisers of shows abhor the word, and the
last-named are prone to emphasise their
abhorrence by removing from their lists the
names of judges whose duties compel them
to use it. This is grossly unfair. because a
judge has no power to disqualify except. for
direct. transgression of the laws of the society
for which ከር is acting. Our magistrates,
county court and high court judges would
infinitely rather. find the man arraigned
before them innocent than guilty, but when
the guilt is proved they do not hesitate to
do their duty, which is to condemn. Our
flower shows are courts. and it is the duty
of the judges to pass sentences, favourable

* Journ. de Bol., 1880, vol. 3, p. 114.

FrEnnvanv 28. 1925.

if possible, unfavourable. if necessary. The
way of the transgressor should. not. be made

harder; nor should. it be made easier, as it
will be when encouragement: is given by

Judges who fail to carry out an unpleasant
duty.

It is, perhaps, unfortunate that judges of
horticultural produce have no clearly defined
standards to guide them. 11 is true that
the Royal Horticultural Society has pro-
duced à most admirable series of Rules for

Judging which is subseribed to by all the
leading judges, old and voung, in the
country. but these are not. helpful. on the
subject of — disqualifications, rather - the
contrary.

For example, we read on different pages

that (1) “ Judges have no power to correct

the mistake of an exhibitor,” (2) “ . . . .
one item more, or one less, disqualifies.”
and (3) “in the case of a schedule the

judges are bound to adhere to the printed
words"; all of which is so far definite as
to prove that although the judges play the
part of disqualifiers, it is the exhibitor who
disqualifies himself, when he makes an error
under the laws by which he agrees to abide
when he makes his entry. The R.H.S. does
not, however, stop here, and it 18 in its
further consideration of the subject that 11
places the judges in an invidious, if it is
not in an untenable, position.

Keep clearly in mind the dicta set forth
above and endeavour to reconcile them with
* Judges may point out alight
departures from the exact terms of the
schedule, which, n their opinion, ure the
result of an accident, and are merely
technical, not substantially. affecting the
character or merit of the exhibit —
Proceeding it is stated that an official may

“with the sanction of the judges, not other-
wise," permit the correction to be made or
make it himself (the italies are the writer's).
Horticultural judges are, therefore, to assume
the position. of law judges and decide upon
the honesty of an exhibitor who is unknown
to them. They have no power to correct
an error, yet they may (not must) call
attention to it and later give absolute
sanction to the correction being made by
other individuals who are elsewhere ex-
horted in the same book **to see that all
exhibits are in accordance with the con-
ditions of their schedule before they are
submitted to thc judges." This definitely
places the onus of disqualifying on the
officials, who are urged in still another
paragraph to “adhere strictly and exactly to
all . . . . . notices publicly given," ie. all
statements printed and published. in. the
schedule and elsewhere.

It is impossible for judges to assume so
many roles —their duty is to adjudicate
upon the merits of the exhibits before them
and to see that they conform absolutely to
the elass specifications printed in the
schedule. When they find an exhibit which
does not conform to those words it is not
for them to inquire among themselves
whether the irregularity is due to “ accident ``
or “intention to deceive or mislead,” but
to write the word ‘Disqualified,’ or, if it
is considered desirable to soften the blow.
the words “not according to schedule." on
the back of the defaulting exhibitors ceard.
It is maintained that in fairness 10 them-
selves and other exhibitors there is no
alternative course.

This brings me to another point, that, if
memory plays no trick, has not been dis-
cussed recently in The Gardeners Chronicle
and which is of considerable importance. 11
can be put best in the form of a question
-- Should judges supplement the condemnatory
* Disqualified ° with the reason or reasons ?
(The words **not according to schedule "
convey their own reason). There is an old
saving which runs, “the judge should give

his decision, but not his reason " .on the
ground, presumably, that while his decision
cannot be questioned his reasons for reach-

ing it are arguable. The position of judges

FEBRUARY 28, 1925.

at flower shows is that they have to
decide upon the merits of the exhibits and
accept responsibility for those to which
honours are awarded being in conformity to

the words of the schedule. When the
objectionable word © Disqualified” must be
endorsed on a card the reason why that
has been done might desirably follow. with
the initials of the judges, because it may
tend to soften the blow in degree at the
same time as it teaches the exhibitor and

the visiting public exactly what has brought
the disqualification about.

There are several other points that could
be raised, but one only shall be considered,
because its jnfluence is general in so far as
it concerns officials, exhibitors and judges, all
of whom it affects seriously and often. 11 is
usually stated in the schedule that judging
wil! commence at a specified time, when all
exhibitors must leave, and that the exhi-
bition will be open to the public at a
specified hour later; this intimation is
printed also in advertisements published
with a view to attracting a good attendance.
Faith must be kept with the public, which

provides a proportion of the cost of the
show. People who present tickets bought
previously or who proffer cash at the
entrance at the advertised time expect to
be welcomed; if, instead, they are told
that they must wait, it is not to be
wondered at if they take umbrage and
refuse to have anything to do with the

show in future. afraid of
exhibitors
and are,

the public

Officials who are
giving offence if they insist on
leaving at the specified time.
nevertheless, perfectly sure that
must not be denied, have no alternative
other than to penalise the judges by
reducing the time during which their work
must be accomplished. At no show is too much
time allowed for judging when the many
difficulties of the task are taken into con-
sideration and in no circumstances should
the allotted time be curtailed. If judges
are not permitted to start punctually they
must not be blamed for inevitable errors.
Horticultural judges are human beings:
their duties demand attention to so many
little as well as big things that hustling
them is tantamount to putting a premium
on those errors which lead to disappoint-
ment always, to irritation often. and to
unseemly arguments sometimes. [n fairness
to exhibitors, public and judges, officials
are most strongly urged to adopt the
recommendation of the Royal Horticultural
Society that ‘Judging should commence
punctually at the time appointed and the
rule fixing the time for the conclusion of
staging should be strictly enforced.’ Scrutator.

POTATO BREEDING.

(Concluded from page 133).

A stupy of the following tables will enable

the reader to realise that in order to have
the greatest chances of securing a good
seedling, an attempt must be made to
avoid utilising parents showing faulty
characters which dominate in the offspring,
otherwise the probabilities of — obtaining

desirable combinations are remote. On the
other hand, faulty characters, if not domi-
nant, may be disregarded to some extent if
the parents possess good qualities. Thus,
objection need not be taken to round
tubers, deep eyes, susceptibility to Wart
disease, or early maturity in one parent.

A reeent paper* — discusses the tuber
pattern. of King Edward a very desirable
type because of the case in identification —-
and arrives at the conclusion that it may
be assumed that. the parti-coloured pattern
depends on a definite. factor and it exists
in the variety. in a heterozygous condition
and that, if it could be obtained [ቢበ a
homozygous state, it would breed truc.

* E. J. Collins, “Inheritance of the Colour Pattern of
King Edward Potato.” Journal of Genetics, Vol. 14, No. 2.

THE GARDENERS

Further, it would behave as a dominant
to the recessive white state and be recessive
to full colour.

It is not posible to obtain amongst

present commercial varieties, parents possess-
ing all the virtues or, indeed, many virtues

11 a combined state, but it 18 to be
remarked that the breeder is by no means
limited in his selection of parents to
ordinary varieties; he may and should

utilise meritorious seedlings for crossing with

one another or with standard varieties.
With regard to diseases other than those
mentioned, it is interesting to note that

one variety, Jubel (Richter) has been found
to be immune from the attacks of ordinary
scab.t Experience has shown that it is
difficult to breed for early — varieties.
Earlies do not generally produce fertile
pollen, and are not readily intererossed.
However, the mating of two second earlies,
or an early with a second early. provides
material for the selection of early types.

TECHNIQUE OF CROSSING.

The actual method of procedure depends
on the parents selected and may be dis-
cussed as follows :—

(1) When the Female Parent does not set
berries naturally.-The best time for cross-
pollination is when the flower is ripe, i.e.,

TABLE 1.

— -

CHRONICLE.

TABLE
According to Salaman.t

151

natural cross fertilisation. However, if the
breeder desires to make absolutely certain
of freedom of foreign pollen, protection may
be afforded by means of bags

3. The Fertilisation of Varieties which
seldom Flower.--Many of our best varieties
bloom very rarely. Various devices, however,
can be utilised to induce a freer formation

of flowers. The partial severing of the
stems is frequently sufficient. In the same
way, the prevention of tuber formation

creates a tendency in this plant to develop

floral parts. The use of **bolters " for
crossing—because of tbeir more frequent
fluwers, has been advocated, but so little is

known at present regarding these that the
breeder would be advised to resort to this
method only when others have failed.
Recently, Bornemann* has advocated the
increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
surrounding the plant in order to produce
flowers.

Diseases are not generally heritable through
the true seed. Nevertheless, it has been
suggestedt that rare cases of transmission
of Leaf-roll by this means is effected.
Diseased plants, therefore, should be avoided.

TREATMENT OF SEEDS AND SEEDLINGS.

The flowers which have been fertilised
should be marked, and the resultant berries

II.* TABLE 411.1
According to East.

_ Apparent Apparent Apparent |
Parent Characters v Offspring Parent Characters —— Parent Characters 0...
(Dominating)
Immune—Immune Inunune Deep—Shallow Eyes Shallow Purple—White flowers Purple
(Wart Disease) :
' Purple—Red Skin Purple
Susceptible—Susceptible | Susceptible Purple—Other skin Purple
(Wart Disease) Pollen—absence of Absence of
en Pollen
Immune—Susceptible Equal pro- Red—White skin Red
(Wart Disease) | portions Long—round tuber Long
variety) Susceptible—Susceptible | Susceptible Shallow—Deep eyes Shallow
Soft Flesh—Hard flesh | Soft flesh (Wart Disease)
White Skin—White skin | White skin Immune—Im mune Immune
(Wart Disease)
Yellow—White flesh ' Yellow flesh
Immune—Susceptible Varying
Early— Late | Late (Wart Disease) |

— A — a — — — — HÀ — —

* A lecture on the Hereditary Characters in the Potato.—Journ. Hort. Soc., 1912 to 1913.

t Fruwirth, C. Handbuch der landwirtschafllichen Pflanzenziichtung, 1922.

1 Journal of Genetics, 1, 1910.

the stigma sticky and receptive; this
generally occurs about two days after the
flower has opened, and while this condition
exists, the petals are not usually reflexed
as in immature flowers. In order to secure
pollen. an anther should be taken from the
male parent when it shows an open pore
at the apex, ze, when it is mature and
ready to discharge. The pollen) may be

gathered on the point of a pocket knife by
running it up one side of the inner face of
the anther towards the pore referred to
above. The pollen should then be trans-
ferred to the stigma. Towards evening on
a quiet day free from rain affords the
best conditions for the operation. Consider-
able assistance is afforded the Potato breeder
by the fact that if the anthers are pulled

the pollen in them will retain its vitality
for several days provided it is suitably
stored.

2. Where the Female Parent forms Natural
Berries, -Phe procedure here is the same
ns the above, except that the anthers of
the female parent must be removed from
the opening bud before the pore has
developed at the apex of the anther. Great

eare must be taken during this process to
avoid injury. [t is not considered necessary
in this country to protect. flowers from

t Gisevius, Prof. Dr.

Erganzungsliste
sorten, 1921.

der Kartoffel

. possible.

allowed to remain on the plant so long as
However, they should be gathered
before there is any danger of them falling. Seeds
should be expressed from the berries on to
paper several weeks after harvesting.

The seeds may be sown under glass in a
good, sandy mould, preferably in boxes,
When the young plants are sufficiently well
grown, say four inches high, they may be
transplanted into pots, and subsequently, in
the open, early in June. However, before
the final transplanting takes place, the
young plants should be hardened by being
placed outside for varying periods during
the day. The seedlings may be grown in
drills made twenty-seven inches apart allowing
eighteen inches to two feet between the plants.

Virus DISEASES IN THE SEEDING STAGE.

At present some breeders grow seedlings
under cages in order to avoid infection by
the above troubles, which aro transmitted
to the Potato by aphides and other insects.
There is, of course, no objection to this or
to the growing of seedlings in the open at
high altitudes or in places where there is
no danger of infection, Indeed, at present

* Bornemann. — Kohlenssure und. — Pflunzenicaschstum.
1920.

t Murphy, P., and MeKay, R. * Investigations on the
Leaf Roll and Mosaic Diseases of the Potato, February,
1924, Journal, Department of Agriculture and” Technical

Instruction, Irish Free State.

152

these would seem to be the only methods
of raising stocks free from foliage diseases.
However, in the opinion of the writer,
exposure to infection is not necessarily a
fault in breeding, especially if the breeder
desires to produce varieties which are
highly resistant to these degenerating diseases.
Varieties differ in their susceptibility, although
resistance appears to be specific for each
disease rather than general. There is no
doubt, however, that the degree of resistance
can be intensified by breeding, and possibly
immune varieties evolved. A seedling variety
has been observed for four years to possess
such a measure of unpalatability for aphides
that these creatures have avoided it almost
entirely, and it remained free from virus
diseases while all other neighbouring varieties
became affected. Therefore, if seedlings arc
not actually grown in an infectious plot, or
if they are “caged” tests should be made
in subsequent years to ascertain the degree
of susceptibility.

DISCARDING SEEDLINGS.

Discarding may begin at any moment
When undesirable features manifest them.
selves. Notes on the foliage, maturity,
and incidence of diseases should be made
during the first growing season, while
at lifting special attention should be
given to the length of runners. The yield
during the first year, especially if early
varieties are sought, is of minor value, as
also is the number of tubers to the plant.
Each year the seedlings should be grown in
their maturity groups and tested against
standard varieties, further discarding being
made by the application of the principles
already discussed. It should always be kept
in view that although a perfect Potato,
combining all the virtues and possessing no
faults, may never be raised, any advance
on the merits of existing varieties is in itself
a great achievement. Thomas P. McIntosh,
B.Sc. (Agric.), Edinburgh

VEGETABLE GARDEN.

SPINACH.

(SPINACIA OLERACEA L.)

THE Spinach is one of the most fortunate
members of the vegetable kingdom, for
while it is unattractive in leaf or flower it
has hosts of friends, and practically no

enemies, in every part of the civilised
world. The reason of this is not far to
seek, for from the date of its first intro-

duction in 1568 its virtues have been known
and appreciated by suffering humanity. A
great cleanser—in southern France it 18
known as “the besom of the stomach "—it
does good by stealth in the manner indi-
cated, while the best authorities affirm that
it is impregnated with iron, which imparts
tone and strength to the eater. Its nutritive
qualities do not rank very high. There are
two types of Spinach, the Prickly-seeded and
the Round-seeded, and Vilmorin's Vegetable
Garden states: “It is the opinion of botanists

that these are two distinct species." Miller's
Dictionary. seventh edition, 1759. quotes

from Tournefort’s Institutions of Botany, 1716,

as — follows:—''Spinacia vulgaris capsula
semina — aculeatis. Common Spinach with
prickly capsules: and Spinacia vulgaris

capsula non echinata, Common Spinach with
seed vessels not prickly.” Elsewhere Miller
names the Round.seeded species Spinacia
slabra, which is the name generally accepted at
the present day. According to Miller, there
were several different varieties of each species
in existence in his day. There is no doubt
that the Prickly-seeded was the first Spinach
introduced. We are not told where it came
from beyond a reference to the Orient; the
inference being that it originated somewhere

GARDENERS

on the far eastern shores of the Mediter-
ranean. This is a very fair inference, seeing
that the plant is invariably at its best
when growing near the sea. Captain Burnet

THE

Landreth, a very eminent seed grower at
Bloomsdale, U.S.A.. who had on several

occasions visited the principal seed - growing
centres in Europe, told the writer that the
best Spinach seed produced in the northern
hemisphere was grown in our own Isle of
Thanet. This opinion the writer is able
to fully confirm from mature experience.
The oldest illustration of the Spinach
plant that has come under the notice of
the writer is a woodcut of a fruiting plant
of the Prickly variety, as it is known
to-day, which adorns the Herbal of Dodonaeus.
The Spinach being a dioecious plant, bearing
what are botanically termed male and
female flowers on separate plants, it is
interesting to note how it was viewed by
Lyte the translator, “Spinach hath a longe

leafe, sharpe pointed, of a brownish or
greene color. soft, gentle, full of sap. and
deeply cut with large slits upon both sides
about the largest or nether ende of the

leafe; the stalke is round and hollow within ;
some of the plants have flowers clustering
or thick set alongstt the stalks, and some
bring forth seeds without floures, in thick
heaps or clusters full and plenteous, and
for the most part prickly. It is sowen in
gardens amongst pot herbe. This pot herb,
or rather sallet-herb, is called of the new
writers Spinachia, in English, Spinach.
Spinach is cold and moist of complexion,
doth loose the belly, and the broth of the
same is of like virtue laid unto
hot swellings it taketh away the heat and
dissolveth the swelling." Only one variety
(the Prickly) is mentioned by Dodonaeus,
and respecting the name given to the plant
he states: ‘“Fuchius named it in Greek,
Spinachia." As Fuchius had only seen the
spined or Prickly-seeded variety, he certainly
gave it a very appropriate name. As many
readers may remember, Leonard Fuchs
(Fuchius) was the eminent Batavian botanist
and Physician in honour of whom Father
Charles Plumier, in his New Genera of
American Plants, 1713, named the beautiful
scarlet Fuchsia (Fuchsia triphylla coccinea),
which he was the first ‘to discover in
America.

Careful search has failed to trace the date
of introduction and the place of origin of
the Round-seeded Spinach, but it must have
been in existence prior to 1716, the year in
which it was quoted by Tournefort. The
entry was cited by Miller, and the plant
described in the various editions of his
Dictionary. Patrick Drummond, seed mer-
chant, Edinburgh, quoted in his 1754
catalogue. the following varieties. viz. :—
Round Dutch, Smooth French, Prickly and
Mountain. As Mountain Spinach is one of
the names applied to Orache (see below),

we may omit it from the present list. As
regards the smooth French Spinach the
name is occasionally given to Orache, but
as the French growers have raised some of
the best and most popular varieties of
Round-seeded Spinach, it may be that ono
of the earlier forms is deseribed under this

name. Jt would be a good descriptive name

for the Viroflay. This brings the list down
to the Prickly and the Round. Respecting
these, Justice, who fully recognised the

different qualities of the two sortis, states: —
“The seeds of the largest kinds of the
Spinage are smooth, whereby they are. dis-
tinguished from the winter Prickly small-
leaved sort. The best sorts are the Prickly
for winter use and the broad-leaved for
suminer use." This advice seems to have
been followed throughout western Europe
for fully one hundred years, but since the
middle of the nineteenth century French,
British, Dutch, and = German botanists and
growers have vied with each other in
developing new and improved forms, and
the following list of present day varieties

CHRONICLE

OR FEBRUARY 2N. 1925.
testifies to the suecess which has attended
their efforts ;.—

Prickly-seeded varieties: Ordinary. with

rather thin and narrow leaves; Round-leaved.
a dwarf plant with rather small leaves of
roundish shape, thicker than the first-named
but not so hardy; Large-leaved Long-standing,

the best for winter or spring sowing. pro-
ducing an enormous crop of very large
leaves; Munsterland, frost resisting, said to

be the hardiest of all.

Round-seeded | varieties ; Bloomsdale or Nor-
folk Savoy (see below), for spring and
summer sowings; Flanders, The Carter
Victoria, and Lettuce-leaved ; seeds for
summer and autmn sowings, Victoria, Giant
Thick, Crumpled-leaved, and Long Season.
a distinct type, forming dense rosettes of
small, thick, very dark leaves, and lasting
until the end of the season.

The Bloomsdale or Norfolk Savoy variety
has & somewhat interesting history. It was
brought to its present state of perfection in
Pennsylvania. ‘The leaves are curled and
wrinkled like those of a close-curled Savoy
Cabbage, and the fully developed plant has
the appearance of a loose. dark green ball.
An immense acreage of it is grown every
year round Norfolk. Virginia, from whence it
is shipped during the winter, in barrels, to
the northern markets. The distances are so
great that a flat, smooth.leaved variety
would become so battered and matted that
it would lose much of its value, in addition
to which many more leaves would be
required to fill the barrels. By using the
Savoy variety this difficulty is overcome.
Its form reduces the quantity necessary to
fill the barrel, which is an advantage to
the grower, and at the same time mini-
mises the damage inevitably suffered in
transit, to the advantage of the purchaser.

It is also one of the hardiest varieties in
cultivation. It was seen in fine form at the
Wisley trials, but did not gain an award.
For frame culture during the winter it is
an ideal variety.

In addition to other good varieties of
Spinach, which it is not necessary to
name here, there are several plants which
are used as substitutes. It is, however,
necessary to remember that nothing can
quite take the place of the genuine article.

ORACHE OR MOUNTAIN SPINACH.
(ATRIPLEX HORTENSIS, LINN.)

plant, native of Tartary ;
growing about six feet high, with soft,
broad leaves. The leaves are boiled and
eaten like Spinach or Sorrel, and are often
mixed with the first: to modify the bitter-
ness, and with the other to reduce the
acidity. There are red, white and green
varieties, but all possess the same qualities.
The red colour boils out in cooking. The
plant may be as easily grown as Spinach.

SPINACH BEET.
(BETA VULGARIS LINN.)

The leaves of this plant, like those of all
garden Beets, make a very acceptable
substitute for the ordinary Spinach, and as
the plant is very easily cultivated, and of
ዜ long-standing nature, it should be much
more freely cultivated. So soon as one
erop of leaves has been gathered the plant
sends out a fresh crop, and, with suitable
aids, such as a small greenhouse, may ከር
kept growing throughout the autumn and
winter. Both this und the Swiss Chard
Beet are highly esteemed by the French
and Italians.

NEW

(TETRAGONIA

An annual

ZEALAND SPINACH.
EXPANSA.)
not a
under the

uses are
native

this is true Npinach it
sume heading,
practically the

of New Zealand,

Although
may ከ6 classed
seeing that its
same. An annual.

FEBRUARY 25, 1025 / | | THE. ‘GARDENERS CHRONICLE. NM 3 | x.

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FEBRUARY 28, 1925.

and introduced in 1772, the seeds—which
are enclosed in hard-horned seed vessels—
may be sown in a hot bed if plants are
required early, or in the open ground when

summer sete in. Provided there is a fair
amount of rain and sun, an abundant
supply of dark green, succulent leaves,

without any of the objectionable features of

the ordinary Spinach, is produced until
the cold weather sets in. Given a fair

start, in well prepared and fairly rich soil.
it needs practically no other attention. S.
B. Dicks.

FRUIT GARDEN.

THE FLAVOUR OF PEARS.

Tuis subject (see p. 115, vol. LXXVII)
is of much interest. My experience has
been gained in gardens where Pears of high
quality were in request. To obtain these
fruits at their best a warm soil and warm
situation are necessary. Frequently one finds
large bush or pyramid Pear trees growing
in the open garden, which seldom produce
satisfactory fruits. In some cases the roots
have entered a cold subsoil, in other instances
they may be growing on unsuitable stocks.

l am convinced that double grafting is
beneficial in the case of several varieties.
I have removed bushes from the open
garden and planted them against a warm
wall with good results. Large pyramid
trees have also been treated in the same
manner.

By carefully removing some of the branches
and training in sufficient shoots to form a
fan-shaped specimen, quite shapely trees
may be formed and the second season after
their removal excellent fruits may be
gathered from them. ‘Trees which have
previously made excessive growth, will, when
treated in this way, form fruiting spurs in
abundance and pruning will be reduced to
& minimum.

The storage of Pears, eepeciall late
varieties, is a matter of considerable
importance. Late Pears are sometimes
gathered too early. Amongst the early
Pears mentioned in the note referred to 1
was pleased to see Colmar d'Eté, a variety
which seems to have dropped out of culti-
vation during late years, but one that may
often be relied on to produce very delicious
fruits, at a time when they are much appre-
ciated. Pyramid trees of this variety in a
Hertfordshire garden gave excellent fruits.
C. Ruse, The Hyde Gardens, near Luton.

PRUNING AWKWARDLY SHAPED
TREES,

For sheer awkwardness it would be difficult
to equal Allington Pippin. "The shoots are
so long and slender that they have to be
shortened, and the result is a forest of
laterals every year. There is always a lot
of work with Allington Pippin. Amongst
Plums. Rivers Early Prolific is equally
puzzling until old enough practically to look
after itself. It insists on making strong
growth from the top at the expense of the
bottom of the tree; and nothing will pre-
vent it from growing upwards and induce
it to spread out more. Moreover. it has an
awkward habit of forming laterals along
strong shoots of the current season's growth,
leaving no buds to cut to, consequently it
15 not easy to obtain a well-balanced trce.

Pruning is irksome only when there is a
lot of diseased wood to remove. Czar Plums
were bad this winter owing to the dead spurs

and mummified fruits hanging on the trees
as a result of brown rot.

lH have just pruned a block. of old
trees of. Cox's Orange Pippin Apple,
which gave me 101 of work owing to
scabby and cankered shoots and diseased
buds and spurs. Some oof the largest trees
took nearly an hour to prune. | including
some time spent in groping about on the

prunings, which, of
Market Grower.

ground to pick up the
course, must be burned.

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

CULTURAL MEMORANDA.

PROPAGATING VINES FROM EYES.

On p. 70 Mr. Streeter writes as if it is
an easy matter to propagate vines from
eyes and fruit them in eighteen months.
Although he does not state precisely whether
the hot-beds were indoors as usually made
up for the growing of Melons, or those on
the frame ground, either position would, I
feel sure, be suitable.

There must be many gardeners who have
had experience with vine culture in the
manner he describes, and I am convinced
that it is the most rational way to ensure
success, but there are failures even when
this mode of propagation is carried out to
the letter.

Sometimes the eyes grow well, and healthily,
white roots quickly penetrating through the
pieces of turf. After it is potted the vine
soon reaches the top wire and many feet
of growth has to be pinched off.

In another season. with the same treat-
ment, many of the buds merely grow out,
and no roots form, while the shoots
only make a yard or so of growth,
and certainly do not form fruiting canes.
Young vines that have made strong canes
are cut down to five or six buds, turned
out of their pots, the old soil shaken from
their roots, and repotted in a_ smaller
receptacle, to be started into growth in a
genial temperature. When growth commences,
the buds should be reduced to one, selecting
the best; the budless piece of wood remains

to act as a stake to which to tie the
subsequent growth.

On the selection of buds or eyes, Mr.
Streeters advice is to “secure well ripened

shoots and cut out the strongest buds for
propagating purposes." The question arises,
which is the strongest bud? Many gardeners
claim that those buds two or three away
from the base of the spur are the best;
certainly these are the first formed and
have had a longer season to ripen, yet
others further away from the base are
larger and possibly not so firm. Anyhow,
it is to be noted that the leaves in con-
junction with basal buds are not nearly so
large as those on others that follow and 1
ask is this of importance when the choice
of buds for propagating purposes is con-
sidered? C.

Heavy Rainfall at Mill Hill—During the
twenty-four hours ending six p.m. on Friday,
the 13th inst., an inch-and-a-quarter of rain
fell in these gardens. James A. Paice, Sunny-
fields Gardens, Mul Hill.

Aphides.—Many persons noticed the re-
markable absence of these insects during
the past year, but no explanation of this
immunity has been given; during the
season from June to November I visited
some hundreds of allotments and gardens in
Surrey, Sussex, Staffordshire, N.E. York-
shire, S.W. and S.E. London, and only in
two or three instances were any aphides
seen and the attaeks were slight. This is
the more remarkable when we remember the
extremely bad infestation in 1923, which
was certainly the worst I have ever seen,
many plants being almost defoliated by this
pest; strangely enough the aphides dis-
appeared as if by magic after the severe
thunderstorm of July 9. It is quite clear
something killed them on that occasion, and

we have not had them since: it was not
the heavy deluge of rain, as many of the
pests were underneath the leaves and well
protected, so the question is what caused
their disappearance so suddenly and effec-
tually, and can it be reproduced artificially
if we have another severe attack? W. H.
Divers, V.M H.. Westdean Hook, near Nur-
biton.

153

Dephne Laureola.—The writer of the note
on this species on p. 68 (Jan. 31, 1925)
is quite in error in stating that the flowers
are odourless; but he errs in good com-
pany, for Bentham and Hooker in their
Handbook of the British Flora states that the
flowers are ''green and scentless," This is
a double mistake, for the flowers are
greenish-yellow and decidedly scented, though
the scent is neither so strong nor so sickly
as that of D. Mezereum. I have both
species in my garden, so I think I may
claim to know something about the matter.
Nicholson’s Dictionary of Gardening and
Hooker's Students Flora both state of the
genus Daphne in general, ‘ Flowers odorous,”
and neither makes an exception of the
Spurge Laurel. Light is perhaps thrown on
the conflicting statements by the remark in
Prof. Boulger's edition of John’s Flowers of
the Field, viz., “in mild weather fragrant.”
My plant came from a very dark wood on
a Surrey chalk hill in which the plant is
common, and it was planted in my garden
in not particularly good soil ) under a
Guelder Rose and a Spindle tree, so the
conditions were by no means luxurious. It
flowered several times and then got so
leggy that I cut off the tops of all the
branches and struck them separately in a
pot. The cuttings are healthy but small at
present and have not yet flowered in their
several stations in the garden. By the way,
the plant is, of course, neither a Spurge nor
8 Laurel! C. Nicholson.

We have plenty of plants of Daphne
Laureola in our shrubberies and they all
answer tc Weathers’ description (p. 778 of
his invaluable Practical Guide) in having
branches leafy only towards the top, flowers
yellowish green, sweet scented and in
drooping clusters from the upper leaf axils,
consequently I am puzzled as the illus-
tration in your issue of January 31 suggests
that the flower clusters are upright; more-
over the flowers are said to be odourless
(p. 68). Ours simply scent the air and have
done so ever since early January—especially
early and late in the day. I enclose some
specimens for you to 866, as I feel sure
there must be more than one variety. Our
plants seed freely and we often find young
seedling plants. K. M. Hinchliff, Worlington
House, Instow, N. Devon. [An illustration of
Daphne Laureola as sent by Miss Hinchliff,
with comments on the plant by Mr. W. J.
Bean, is reproduced in Fig. 56, p. 145.—Eds.]

What is an Amateur ?—Mr. Geo. M. Taylor
is singularly unconvincing in his letter on

135, wherein he fulminates against the
Royal Horticultural Society and its forth.
coming show for amateurs. His answer to
a self-propounded question (it is used as the
title of this paragraph) is ‘one who
cultivates a particular study or art for the
love of it, and not professionally," while the
Royal Horticultural Society states: “ No
person shall be allowed to compete as an
amateur who gains any part of his liveli-
hood by growing for sale . . . I can
see the difference in the worda easily
enough, but submit that their meaning is
identical, though Mr. Taylor would have us

believe otherwise. He proceeds to protest
against “a gentleman employing a
dozen gardeners `” i

exhibiting in a section
* open to all amateurs.” Why should he
not do so? Surely your correspondent does
not think that “a gentleman employing a
dozen gardeners " maintains such an estab-
lishment ** professionally " or gains from it
“any part of his livelihood.” My conviction
is that the gentleman is actuated solely by
his love of, and pleasure in, the products
of his garden. Were he to compile an
accurate profit and loss account with a
view to ascertaining how things stood
finanoially he would find a loss instead of
a profit, and if he had previously regarded
his garden as a source of some ** part ot
his livelihood " he would cut his losses and
shut the place. up in less than — five

154

minutes. With all respect to Mr. Taylor, I
say that there areas true, as enthusiastic, and
as able amateurs, in their several walks of
life, south of the Tweed as there are north
of it, and that the ''genuine " amateur of

Scotland is not a bit more *'genuine "
than the “ genuine” amateur of England.
There are Englishmen who have seen the
magnificent produce of the professional
gardeners and “genuine” amateurs staged
at Glasgow and Edinburgh; they have
admired and praised it unstintingly, and

they have not been envious because they
have known that there was as good, or
better, stuff at home. I have known
Englishmen to have the temerity 10
adventure into Scotland to meet the
* Cocks of the North" in friendly contest,
and, tell it not in Gath, they have emerged
triumphant from the fray. Let Mr. Taylor
send his professional gardeners and his
* genuine " amateurs to compete with their
peers in London, and he-wil| learn that
there are those of the south who can grow
and show flowers, fruits and vegetables as
well as the [next man, feven though they
cannot crow as lustily?.at any particular
moment of any day of any year. W. T.

. Potato Golden Wonder and Virus Diseases.
In your very interesting article on ** Seed
Potatos and Virus Diseases," in your issue
of February 7, you state: “ . the
curious partial resistance to virus diseases
exhibited by Golden Wonder . . .” Among
the Potatos grown in the North of Scotland
there is possibly no variety which is 80
badly affected with mosaie disease as Golden
Wonder. As showing the universal presence
of mosaic in it, I may mention that last
season we obtained stocks from about a
hundred different sources. Although some
were less affected than others, in no case was
there a mosaic-free stock. We have been
experimenting with Golden Wonder and the
similar variety—Langworthy—for the past
five years, endeavouring to get mosaic-free
stocks. We started with Langworthy in
1920 by selecting two lots from a growing
crop: (1) apparently without mosaic, and
(2) with mosaic. The average weights per
plant were: No. 1, 23 lb., and No. 2, 1] lb.
The produce of these have been planted
alongside each other since, and we have
obtained the following results, calculated as
per acre :—

With mosaic. Without mosaic.

Tons. Cwts. Tons. Cwts.
1921 bs ll 15 14 1
1922 — 9 15 14 19
1923 uh 8 15 11 8
1924 m 7 17 10 10

Although most of the selected plants do
not show mosaic, an occasional one does. I
may state, so far as leaf-roll is concerned.

that it is practically non-existent on the
farms in the North of Scotland. The few
cases that occur are where * seed” had

heen obtained from the south. There are
also, in most seasons, very few aphides.
Even where they are present, however, they
cannot spread a disease that is non-existent.
[t seems to me that the only way to get
healthy stocks in England is to serap every
Potato and get healthy stocks from Scotland.
Wm. M. Findlay, Marischal College, Aberdeen.

The Winter at Bangor.
Strawberry plants looking so wretched as
they do at the present time. Many plants
appear to have died away; the cause un-
doubtedly is due to the sodden state of
the soil, for the roots have perished.
Scarcely ever during the past six months
has the ground been fit to tread upon. We
have experienced no frost, and plants of
Lobelia speciosa left in the borders have
been growing all the winter. Young Quince
stocks still retain some of the old foliage,
while the new growths are quite one inch
in length. All fruit buds are too far
advanced. J. Kncller, Penrhyn Castle Gardens,
North Wales. |

Never do I remember

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

SOCIETIES.

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL.

FEBRUARY 24.—Although not so large
as on February 10, the occasion of the
Annual General Meeting, there was a good
attendance of visitors at the R.H.S. Hall
last Tuesday. Orchids were freely shown
and chief amongst them were many excellent
Dendrobinums. Forced shrubs, including
Mollis Azaleas and border flowers were
plentiful, and there were two excellent
collections of greenhouse Cyclamens. Exhibits
of fruit and vegetables were of little
importance. There were many attractive
paintings of garden scenes and floral
studies, and [a {valuable herbarium collec-
tion of British plants.

Orchid Committee.

Frederick J. Hanbury, Esq.,
F.L.S. (in the chair), Gurney Wilson (secre-
tary), James O’Brien, Chas. H. Curtis, J.
Wilson Potter, E. R. Ashton, John C. Cowan,
A. McBean, H. G. Alexander, J. E. Shill,
H. T. Pitt. Fred. K. Sander, Henry H.
Smith, R. Brooman White, T. Armstrong,
and Stuart H. Low.

Present :

AWARDS OF MERIT.

Cymbidium | Redshank (insigne x Redstart).—
From Lieut.-Col. Sir Geto. HOLFORD,
Westonbirt, Tetbury (gr. Mr. H. G. Alexander).
A noble hybrid and well worthy of a high
place in the many fine hybrid Cymbidiums
raised at Westonbirt. The plant bore a
spike of eight large. wax-like, white flowers,

the lip having the side lobes decorated
with ascending crimson lines ; the front
lobe has a broad crimson-purple band with

a white margin.

Dendrobium Florence E. King (nobile
nobilius var. A. A. Pearson x Artemis).---
From FREDERICK J. HANBURY, Esq. F.LS.,
Brockhurst, East Grinstead (gr. Mr. Matthews).
A fine Dendrobium with large, rosy-mauve
flowers of perfect shape; the large labellum
has a claret-purple base with a white band
and the front coloured mauve.

Laelio-Cattleya Sheila (L.-C. Britannia x C.

Clotho). From Sir H. S. Legon, Bart.,
Bletchley Park (gr. Mr. Barker). A flower
of great beauty, large in size and delicate

in tinting : it measured eight inches across.
The sepals and very broad petals are clear
blush Rose, the broad lip deep crimson-
purple with yellow lines at the base.

Cypripedium Robert Paterson var. Brilliant
(Memoria F. M. Ogilvie x Eurybiades)..—An
improvement on the form for which Messrs.
Flory and Black secured an Award of Merit
at the last meeting. The large, white, dorsal
segment has heavy, confluent, blotched lines

on the inner half, and smaller spotting
towards the white margin. The broad,
reddish-brown petals are spotted on the
lower half. and the lip 3s tinged with
light brown.

GROUPS,
FREDERICK J. HANBURY, Esq., F.L.S.,

Brockhurst, East Grinstead, was awarded a
Silver Banksian Medal for a charming
group of Dendrobiums raised chiefly at
Brockhurst. The most striking were the
handsome D. Florence E. King (see awards)
and the beautiful D. Gatton Monarch
(nobile nobilius var. A. A. Pearson x Lady
Colman), the type in each case having
been raised by Sir Jeremiah Colman, Bt.
D. Lady Colman is one of the most
charming of Dendrobiums and its beauty is
apparent in its progeny, D. Gatton
Monarch. The flowers are rosy-mauve with
a claret. dise; some of the plants bore a
score of showy blooms. Varieties of D.
splendidissimum and others of the D.
aureum hybrids were represented and the
group was well arranged, displaying the
showy and fragrant flowers to fine advan-
tage. |

FEBRUARY 28. 1925.
H. T. Prrt, Esq. Rosslyn, Stamford
Hill (gr. Mr. Thurgood) was awarded a
Silver Banksian Medal for an excellent.
group in which the hybrids and species

were well represented. Among the hybrids
was a selection of you plants of the
Epidendrum Endresio - Wallisii raised at
Rosslyn (see p. 144) with their parents,
which made the exhibit most interesting.
At the back of the group were Cym-
bidiums, noteworthy plants being good
forms of C. Alexanderi and C. Lady Colman.
Among the varieties of Dendrobium War-
dianum was a fine white form which has
been in the Rosslyn collection over twenty
years, where for the same long time the

fine varieties of Lycaste Skinneri which
included a good pure white form, have
been cultivated. Odontoglossums, Odon-

tiodas, and interesting species were included
in this group.

Messrs. SANDERS, St. Albans, secured «a
Silver Banksian Medal for a fine group, at
the back of which were showy Cymbidiums
and varieties of Dendrobium Wardianum,
D. nobile, and hybrids. The Odontoglossums
included finely coloured forms, but the most
effective were the fine sprays of the large,
white Odm. eximium xanthotes and white
Odm. ardentissimum. Among Cattleyas and
hybrid Cattleyas the large Cattleya Furness,
B.-C. Massangeana, and yellow Laelio-
Cattleyas, arranged with the richly coloured
Odontiodas Grenadier and Bradshawiae gave
brilliant colour. White Coelogyne cristata
set off the front of the exhibit, and several
rare species gave additional interest to the
collection.

Messrs. STUART Low AND Co. Bush Hill
Park and Jarvisbrook, Sussex, were awarded
a Silver Banksian Medal for a showy group
of Cymbidiums, Odontoglossums, and Odon-
tiodas effectively arranged, the plants being
exceptionally well grown and profusely
flowered. A selection of hybrid Dendrobiums
showed great variety, and Cattleyas and
Brasso-Cattleyas were also shown well.
Among the species were Odontoglossum
aspidorhinum and others of the lesser-
branched forms, whilst the species of
Epidendrum included the rare little E.
polybulbon album.

Messrs. COWAN AND Co., Southgate, staged
a group which included their very hand.
some Odontoglossum Marguerite (eximium x
Doreen), a flower of rich Tyrian-purple with
a white margin; several of their showy
Brasso-Cattleya British Queen, good Cattleya
Tityus, and scarlet Odontioda Clotho.

Messrs. FLoky AND BLACK, Slough, were
awarded a Bronze Banksian Medal for a
group in which were a selection of Cypri-

pediums, Laelio-Cattleyas, and Cattleyas, the
last including a good form of the pure
white C. chocoensis alba. Odontoglossums
and Odontiodas were also well shown by
Messrs. Flory and Black.

OTHER EXHIBITS.

BaRoN BRUNO SCHRÖDER, The Dell Park,
Englefield Green (gr. Mr. J. E. Shil),
showed a fine, cut spike of Sophro-Laelio-
Cattleya Prince Hirohito, a large scarlet-red
variety with a ruby-red lip.

R. (588188, Esg., Milford Manor, Salisbury
(gr. Mr. Sorrell), exhibited a fine plant of
the showy Odontioda Lerna Gerrish's variety

(Oda. Joan x Odm. Dusky Monarch) with
dark purple sepals and petals and white
front to the lip.

G. W. Brrp, Esq, Manor House, West

Wickham (gr. Mr. Redden) displayed Odon-
tioda Rubus, Wickham Beauty (Oda. Leeana

x Odm. crispum) which had previously
secured an Award of Merit.
Messrs. J. and A. McBean, Cooksbridge,

showed Cattleya Empress Frederick var.
ignea, a variety of bright violet-rose colour
with ruby-purple front to the lip.

Lt.-Col. Sir Geo. L. Horronp, Westonbirt,
Tetbury (gr. Mr. H. G. Alexander), showed
the fine Cymbidium Flamingo (Alexanderi x
Merlin), a noble, large form with broad

FEBRUARY 28, 1925.

sepals and petals and showy lip that [ከ88
dotted lines of ruby-purple in front.

Floral Committee.

A.—Present: Messrs. H. B. May
(im the chair), J. F. MeLeod, Arthur Turner,
H. J. Jones. W. Howe, Donald Allan, J.
M. Bridgeford, Hugh Dickson, M. C.
Allwood, G. W. Leak, J. B. Riding, G. R.
Janes. F. Streeter, F. G. Cousins, W. B.
Gingell, D. B. Crane, D. Ingamells, and H.
R. Darlington.

B.— Present:

Section

Section Messrs. W. J. Bean

(in the chair), G. Reuthe, G. Harrow, E.
H. Wilding, W. B. Cranfield, Reginald
Cory. E. A. Bowles, R. D. Trotter, G.

Yeld, F. G. Preston, C. T. Musgrave, R.
C. Noteutt, Gerald Loder, T. Hay, Jas.
Hudson, and Clarence Elliott.

AWARDS OF MERIT.
Crocus Blue Butterfly.—A charming variety,
scarcely more than three inches tall, but
the blooms are large and of a lovely deep
blue shade on the outside and a paler
shade inside, the interior colour being
deeper on the outer than the inner
segments. The base of the flower, stamens
and stigmas are all orange coloured. Shown
by H. Mc.D. EpELsTEN, Esq., Hillside, Lind-
field, Sussex.
Cyclamen persicum Shell-pintk.-
desirable addition to the greenhouse
prettily

men. The foliage is

the large, well-formed flowers

shell-pink, almost pearly-pink
Shown by Messrs.

‘This is a
Cycla-
marked, and
are of lovely
colour, with
carmine base. NUTTON
AND SONS.

Kuchingia uniflora. —A
Crassulaceous plant of lowly spreading
habit, from Madagascar. The thick, fleshy,
succulent leaves vary in shape, some being
rounded while the older ones are oval
with four slight indentations or crenations.
The flowers may be borne singly on two-
inch stems, or there may be so many as
three. They are pendulous, inflated, with
a slight constriction just — below the
four small spreading lobes. The colour is
light, almost transparent, pink with a violet
tint in some flowers, while the four lobes at the
mouth are reddish and the interior is pale
pink. Shown from the CAMBRIDGE BOTANIC
GARDEN.

Lachenalia Excelsior — Seedlings.—ln this
case the award was made to the strain,
which is exceptionally good. All the spikes
are large and bear plenty of good flowers
often of uncommon colouring. The ground
colours are mostly yellow, chrome and
lemon-yellow, and some are tipped with
reddish maroon, others with pale terra-cotta,
while one had a delicate pale-green tube.
In many instances the stems were attrac-

quaintly pretty

tively mottled. Shown by Messrs. BARR
AND SONS.
Plectranthus chiradzulensis. — The genus,

Plectranthus which is allied to Coleus, includes
about 120 species of herbs and sub-shrubs and is
spread over tropical Africa and Asia. The
flowers range in colour from blue and purple
to lilac. The species under notice occurs
in tropical Africa and i4 of erect, shrubby
character. The loose panicles bear plenty
of smallish blue flowers, mostly in whorls
around the stems. Tho rich foliage is some-
what Nettle-like, lanceolate-cordate at the base
with crenate margins and heavily veined.
The stems of the plant are rather fleshy
while the much more slender flower stems
are lightly hirsute. Shown ከሃ Sir JOHN
RaAwsbEN, Bt. (gr. Mr. G. Taylor), Bul-
strode Park, Gerrards Cross, Bucks.

Rhododendron — autchuenense x Cornubia.—
The influence of Rhododendron Cornubia
was apparent in tho large and shapely
truss which was made up of eighteen large
blooms of bright pink colour with reddish
dots on the upper segments. The handsome,
rich green leaves are fully nine inches long
by three inches broad. Shown by Col.
S. B. CLARKE, C.B., Borde Hill, Cuckfield,
Sussex.

THE GA RDENERS'

' CHRONICLE.

GROUPS.
(Greenhouse Cyclamens were the most im-
portant. amongst the collections before the

Floral Committee. Messrs. SUTTON AND SONS
arranged a great many of their well-grown
plants in [separate colours amongst Ferns,
Palms, and other foliage plants, making a
most attractive display. Many of the
named varieties which we recently com-
mented upon were to be seen, while the

visitors seemed particularly drawn to the
quantity of the new variety Shell-pink,
which received an Award of Merit. Vulcan,
a dark crimson of almost smoky colouring,
and Firefly, a vivid crimson, were also
greatly admired. In addition to the new

variety Shell-pink, there were several of
bright mauve colouring and of large size,
but in these there seemed a slight danger

of losing the elegant typical form of the
flower, which is generally so characteristic
of the admirable Reading strain. (Gold
Medal).

The Caledonian strain of Cyclamens, grown
by Mr. 4. W. FORSYTH, was again well shown,
and on the present occasion the inclusion of

baskets added to the general effect. The
excellent variety White Wonder was pro-
minently arranged, while along the front
there were many of the St. George type,

which has such attractive foliage in addition
to beautiful flowers. (Silver-gilt Banksian
Medal).

Carnations were very fresh and in good,
bright colours. Messrs. ArrLwoop Bnos.
included with many standard varieties vases
of a new variety named Shot Silk, of rich
Indian chestnut colouring, flaked and flamed

with «deep salmon-red. The large fringed
flowers are pleasantly fragrant, making a
gorgeous and desirable flower. Beauty of

Durham, a rich salmon, rose-pink sort also
possesses the valuable quality of fragrance;

Butterfly, | another recent variety, is ዐየ
peculiar colouring. not unlike a very large
double pink and white Sweet William.

(Silver-Gilt Banksian Medal).

In a very useful collection of Carnations
arranged by Mr. C. ENGELMANN, Spectrum,
a large bloom of bright scarlet colour, was
very prominent. He also showed good
vases of Topsy, Red Laddie, Cupid, and
Janet. (Silver Banksian Medal).

Forced | Roses of considerable attraction
were staged by Mr. ErisHA J. Hicks and
Mr. GEORGE PRINCE. The former included
the valuable deep pink variety America,
Climbing Lady Hillingdon, Padré, and
delightful sprays of the yellow Banksian Rose
(Silver Banksian Medal).

Fortune’s Yellow of charming colouring
was included in his collection by Mr. GEORGE
PRINCE, who also had vases of Coral Cluster,
splendid blooms of Souv. de Claudius Pernet
and last summer's novelty, Victoria, of good
pink colour and delightful perfume (Bronze
Banksian Medal).

Many profusely flowered plants of Mimosa,
chiefly Acacia falcata, were shown by Messrs.
STUART Low AND Co. amongst Azalea indica
varieties, nnd a couple of graceful plants of
the small-flowered Olearia ramulosa. They
also staged good Carnations, including their
White Pearl and Mauve Queen, a smaller,
but apparently very free-flowering variety
(Bronze Banksian Medal).

Amongst many forced shrubs Messrs. L.
R. RvssELL, LTD., included Franciscea caly-
cina and Begonia manicata (Silver Banksian
Medal) A large collection of Azalea mollis
and A. mollis x sinensis in glowing,
scintillating colours was arranged by Messrs.

R. AND G. CuTHBERT. Of the hybrids A.
Anthony Koster, rich yellow, and Sybil,
yellow flushed with Peach-pink, were par-
ticularly attractive, as also was Brilliant
amongst the mollis varieties. At one ርክባ
of the <Azaleas they displayed profusely
berried pot plants of Skimmia japonica

(Silver Banksian Medal).
Very many trusses of the brilliant Rho-
dodendron Cornubia were exhibited by Messrs.

155

R. GIL AND Son, who also staged many
good R. arboreum seedlings, R. albescens,
and R. ciliicalyx. Besides the Rhododendrons
there were many good blooms of St. Brigid
Anemones and masses of Primula The Jewel,
lifted from the open ground (Bronze Banksian
Medal). Messrs. REAMSBOTTOM AND Co. also
staged an attractive collection of St. Brigid
Anemones.

In the middle of the hall, Messrs. WM.
CUTBUSH AND SON displayed a very attractive

rockery and a collection of forced shrubs,
largely of Ghent and Mollis Azaleas. (Silver-
Gilt Banksian Medal.) An adjoining group,

arranged by Messrs. WALLACE AND Co., also
possessed considerable attractions. This was

of such shrubs 88 Japanese Cherries,
Azaleas, |Viburnum Carlesii and Conifers
suitable for the rock garden. (Silver-Gilt

Banksian Medal.)

Various uncommon and interesting shrubs,

including Rhododendrons and Camellia
reticulata, were shown with boxes of alpines
by Mr. G. RkEurHE. (Silver Banksian
Medal.)

Just inside the entrance, Messrs. J. CARTER
AND Co. had a charming Crocus garden,
where white Crocuses and those of purple shades
were springing up from fresh, green turf
and backed by Conifers and Cherries, with

a margin of Erica carnea. (Silver-Gilt
Banksian Medal.)

Chief amongst the many alpines shown
were Saxifrages, and of these Messrs. R.
TUCKER AND Sons showed S8. burseriana
sulphurea, S. b. crenata, and 8. Brookside,
with Viola gracilis, Primula Juliana, and

other genera. (Silver-Gilt Banksian Medal.)
Messrs. M. PRICHARD AND SON staged
Saxifraga oppositifolia major, S. Lady Beatrix
Stanley, Megasea ligulata, and other desirable
alpines. (Silver Banksian Medal.)

Mr. F. G. Woop had a pretty rock garden.
in which they showed Blue Primroses and

the double Lilac and double yellow varieties.
(Bronze Banksian Medal.)

Messrs. BAKERS, LTD., showed Primula
Wanda and Saxifraga Burseriana Gloria with
other alpines (Bronze Banksian Medal),

Crocuses, Saxifrages in variety, Ims reticulata.
Primula denticulata, and hardy shrubs were
attractively shown by Messrs. CARTER PAGE
AND Co. (Silver Banksian Medal.)

The elegant purple-flowered Sisyrinchium
grandiflorum, Anemone blanda varieties, Iris
orchioides, 1. reticulata and various shrubs
were well arranged by Messrs. WATERER,
Sons, AND CRISE (Bronze Banksian Medal).
Dielytra spectabilis, with various alpines,
was shown by Messrs. J. CHEAL AND Sons
(Bronze Banksian Medal).

A fascinating collection of
was staged by Messrs. BARR AND Sons
alongside their Narcissi. This included
many Crocuses, Chionodoxas, and Primroses,
with Forsythia intermedia and other hardy
shrubs (Bronze Banksian Medal). Forsythias,
with Moriseas and other lovely alpines, were
displayed by Messrs. SKELTON AND KIRBY,
while Messrs. MAXWELL AND BEALE showed
hardy plants, and Mr. JOHN KLINKERT had
a collection of topiary specimens. Mr. J. A.
MILLER contributed an extensive collection
of a good strain of Polyanthus with other
spring flowers (Bronze Banksian Medal).
Violets were shown by the Misses HEATH-
corTE and Mr. J. J. Ketree (Bronze
Banksian Medals).

The many exhibits of paintings included
another collection from Miss WILLMOTT of
the work of Mr. Champion Jones. This
time it was almost solely of Fritillarias
and Galanthus executed with great skill
and fidelity. Miss MARION Broom, Miss
NELLIE BLACKLOCK, Mrs. HENryY SPENCER,
Miss AtIcE F. WILKINSON, Miss WINIFRED
WALKER, Miss AGNES E. FOREMAN, Miss
MAUDE ANGELL and Miss ELLEN WAR-
RINGTON showed paintings of garden scenes
and flowers.

spring flowers

156

Miss WhrvirrEp M. A. Brook had a
valuable collection of faithful drawings of
harmful insects on their respective host
plants.

Many interesting herbarium specimens of
British plants discovered and described by
him were shown by Mr. G. CLARIDGE
Drvuce. Orchids and Grasses predominated,
but there was a considerable variety of
native plants.

Narcissus and Tulip Committee.

Present; Mr. E. A. Bowles (in the chair),
Sir A. D. Hall, Rev. Joseph Jacob, Miss
Willmott, and Messrs. Geo. Monro, R. Meyer,
J. W. Jones, H. G. Hawker, F. Herbert
Chapman, Geo. Churcher, Reginald Cory,
Herbert Smith, C. W. Needham, Peter R.
Barr, W. Poupart, G. W. Leak, Chas. H.
Curtis, W. B. Cranfield and Robt. W.
Ascroft, Hon. Sec.

GROUPS.

Messrs. R. H. Barn, LTD., had an ex-
cellent display of spring bulbs growing in
bowls of fibre. These included many varieties
of Hyacinth, Narcissus, including large
Trumpet Daffodils; Darwin Tulips, Crocuses
and Fritillaria Meleagris, and all of them
showed how very successfully bulbs may be
grown in ornamental bowls of prepared
fibre (Silver-gilt Banksian Medal).

Although not very large the collection of
Narcissi arranged by Messrs. BARR AND Soxs
was exceedingly choice and interesting.
There were many scedlings of large Trumpet
Daffodils, both selfs and bicolors, of much
more than average merit. Named sorts of
the same type included Shylock and
Ptolemy. In addition to these they showed
equally good flowers of Barri and Incom-
parabilis types. Adjoining the Narcissi they

displayed particularly good white hybrid
Hippeastrums and the Excelsior strain of

Lachenalia, which received an Award of
Merit. The latter included Siam, luteola and
Leiden (Bronze Banksian Medal).

Fruit and Vegetable Committee.

Present: Messrs. C. J. A. Nix (Chairman),
J. Cheal, W. Lobjoit, W. Poupart, A. H.
Pearson, H. 8. Rivers, H. V. Taylor, W.
-Giles, F. Jordan, E. Harriss, A. Bullock, H.
Prince, T. Pateman, E. Beckett, A. W.
Metcalfe, 8. B. Dicks, Geo. F. Tinley, W.
H. Divers, and E. A. Bunyard.

The only business this Committee had to
consider was the merits of three seedling
Apples, but they were all much past their best
and none, in the opinion of the Committee,
showed any advance on existing varieties.

KINGSTON AND SURBITON

CHRYSANTHEMUM.

AT the Annual Meeting held recently,
the report and balance sheet for last year
were read. There is a balance in hand of
£17 38. ld., notwithstanding the excessive

rain on the day of the show, which reduced
the attendance. The Report was adopted
unanimously with a vote of thanks to the
Secretary, who was re-appointed. GQ. C.
Hodgson, Esq., was unanimously re-elected
President, and most of the Committee were
again elected.

It was decided 10
Wednesday, Nov. 4, at
Rooms.

Another fine

Show on
Assembly

hold the
Surbiton
Silver Challenge Cup has
been presented, and as the Committee has
decided to increase the number of open
classes and allow trade growers to compete,
it is hoped to increase the number of
exhibitors ም ከ

----መመመመሙ ውሙው — — —— — — -

MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND
ORCHID.

Fripay, February 20.—Committee present:
D. Losh- Thorpe, Esq. (in the chair), Messrs.
A. Burns, A. Coningsby, D. A. Cowan,
ላ. G. Elwood, A. Keeling. J. MeCartnev,
E. W. Thompson, and H. Arthur (Secretary).

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

First-Ciass CERTIFICATES.

Odontoglossum crispum, Rosy Dawn.—A well
shaped white flower the petals having a rosy
shade. From S. GRaTRIx, Esq.

Odontoglossum crispum var. Purity.—4A beautiful
round.shaped flower, with petals and sepals
of the purest white; the flat white lip has
a reddish-brown crest and yellow throat.
From Mrs. GRATKIX.

AWARDS OF MERIT.

Cypripedium Gundo (Carola » villosum Beek-
manii) and C. Aureoma (aureum Goliath ~
Desdemona). From P. SMITH, Esq.

Obituary.

William Hogg.—\We regret to have to
record the sudden death of Mr. Wiliam
Hogg, a retired gardener, of Peebles, which
took place on Thursday, February 19, under

distressing circumstances. Mr. Hogg was
playing a round on the golf course at
Peebles; he stooped to pick up his putter

to hole at one of the greens when he had
a seizure, and when medical assistance
arrived life was extinct. Mr. Hogg, who was
eighty-two years of age, was much respected.

C. Harman Payne.—It is our sad duty to
record another great loss to horticulture in
the death of Mr. C. Harman Payne, whose
name was probably as well-known in horti-
cultural circles in this country and abroad
as that of any Englishman who loved flowers
and gardening. He died at his home at
Catford on the 23rd inst., aged 71 years.
No one of his contemporaries possessed a
greater knowledge of the literature of florists’
flowers than this erudite gentleman, and he
was 'as well acquainted with French works
on floriculture as he was with those published
in his own country. His knowledge of the
history of plants was indeed remarkable and
by his investigations and researches he was
able to correct, many errors which former
writers on plants had fallen into, for he was
not content to [follow blindly the opinions
of others, but searched out first hand for
himself all available sources from which
reliable data could be obtained. Thus it
wil be remembered he was able to show
that the common idea of the Dahlia having
been introduced to this country in 1789 was
an erroneous one, and he discussed the early
history of the flower fully in an article on
the subject in Gard. Chron., September 23,
1916, p. 143. Perhaps he was more interested
in the Chrysanthemum than in any other flower,
and his leisure time was largely spent in
advancing this beautiful flower, not so much
as a cultivator, but by his writings and

association with various societies connected
with the plant. He was as well acquainted
with the Chrysanthemum in France as ከር

was with the flower in his own country, and
he attended most of the French Chry.
santhemum shows, either in the capacity of
a juror or as a visitor, and he has probably
contributed more reports on continental flower
shows to the English press than any other
correspondent. His association with the
National Chrysanthemum Society dates from
nearly half a century ago; for some thirty-
six years he had been Honorary Foreign
Corresponding Secretary to the N.C.S. He
was a fluent linguist. and because of this,
as well as his keenness in horticulture. he
was appointed Director and Foreign Press
Secretary of the Royal International Horti-
cultural Exhibition in 1912. He held many
offices and distinctions, and was honorary
member of many continental and American
Societies. [n 1896 he was appointed by the
French Government a Chevalier of the Merité
Agricole, was promoted an officer of that
Order in 1902, and in 1911 given the
“ Palmes Academiques," by which he became
an Officer de l'Instruction Publique. His
best known work is The Florists Bibliography.
To sum up, we cannot do better than quote

FEBRUARY 28, 1925.

from our appreciation of Mr. C. Harman
Payne in the issue for August 0, 1921, p.
70, when we stated that “ ከ6 is a man of
many parts, for he can report a show or a
conference, give a lecture, write & literary.
critical, or descriptive article, or make a
humorous after-dinner speech in English or
French." Much of his literary work has
been published in The Gardeners’ Chronicle.
and we have lost a valued collaborator and
friend, whose place it will be difficult to
fill.

John Turner.—We regret to learn of the
death of Mr. John Turner, which occurred
on Thursday, the 19th. Mr. Turner, who
was eighty-five years of age, was well-known
in the Glasgow district as he had been
employed as gardener to the late R. C.
Graham, Esq., at Skipness Castle, and after-
wards to Mrs. Graham and her family, for
a period of forty-seven years. He retired
from active service in 1916 and took up
his residence at Innellan. He was held in
very high esteem by his employers and by
all who had the pleasure of his acquaintance.

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

CHRYSANTHEMUMS: R. ሀ. The times of
flowering of the several varieties you men-
tion are as follow: Florrie King, early
November; Peace, middle to end of
November; White Swan, middle of Novem-
ber; Isabel Felton, late November; John
Ridd, middle of November; E. Cavell,
early November, and R. C. Pulling, early
November.

GREEN VERSUS BLANCHED ASPARAGUS: S. B.
The question as to whether Asparagus should
be used green or blanched is a matter to
be decided on the ground of personal taste.

It is by no means necessary to blanch
your Asparagus provided your employer
wishes it to be green. As a matter of

personal taste we prefer green to blanched
Asparagus.

NAMES OF Puants: J. P. Zygopetalum
Mackayi, a handsome old species from Brazil.
It has always been a favourite in gardens
and valued for its decorative qualities. F. B.
1, 2, and 3, varieties of Cypripedium Latham
ianum (Spicerianum x villosum): 4, not
properly developed, but it is probably
Cypripedium Mons. de Curte (Boxallii >.
insigne). J. W. 1, Epidendrum Wallisii; 2,
Dendrobium nobile ; 3, Cymbidium Schlegelii.

NAMES OF FRUIT: Constant Reader. Wyken
Pippin.

Pekar Twies Dyinc : H. P. The shoots of
your Pear tree are infected with the
winter stage of the common Pear scab,
pustules of which may be seen on the
twigs. This complaint was very prevalent
last year on the fruits. These diseased
shoots will cause the scab to start afresh
each year. and, so far as possible. scab-
iafected shoots should be cut out and
burned. The tree should be sprayed in
spring aud summer with cither Bordeaux
mixture or lime sulphur. Bordeaux mixture
being the safest to use on all varieties of
Pears. The first spraying should be done
directly the fruits are set and the spraying
repeated a month afterwards, taking care
to see that the fluid reaches the under-
surface of the leaves.

Rust ON CHRYSANTHEMUM Leaves: A. B.
From your description we suspect thet
the Chrysanthemum leaves are attacked
with rust, caused by the fungus named
Puccinia hieracii. All badly infected leaves
should be removed and burnt and the
plants sprayed at brief intervals with a
solution of sulphide of potassium.

G.—K. T.

Communications Reocived.—Florist—. F.
—J. J. P.—J. F. D.—W. 1.---ህ. P.

K.—D. M. F.—J. F.—
ZE P S.

FEBRUARY 28,

1925.

MARKETS.

COVENT GARDEN, Tuesday, February 54

, 1025.

Plants in Pots, etc. : Average Wholesale Prices.
(All 48's except where otherwise stated).

Adiantum s. d. s. d.

cuneatum

per doz. . 10 0-13 0
—elegans ... . 10 0-12 0
Aralia Sieboldii... 9 0-10 0
Araucarias, per

doz. — ... 30 0-42 0
Asparagus plu-

mosus ... ... 12 0-18 0
—Sprengeri ... 12 0-18 0
Aspidistra, green 36 0-60 0
MER per

doz. ; ... 12 0-18 0
—32's 24 0-30 0
—nidus .. 12 0-15 0
Azaleas, per doz. 15 0-38 0
Cacti, p trav,
—]12's, 15' 50-70
Crotons, per doz. 30 0-45 0
Cy clamen—
—32's ሜና ... 30 0-80
—148's 24 0-30 0

REMARKS :—Pot plants are in moderate demand.

Cyrtomium 10 0-15 0
Erica melanther a,

48's per doz. ... 21 0-30 0
— —60’s, per doz. 8 0-10 0
Hyacinths, in

oxes—
—white, pink and

blue, per doz.

spikes . 80-10
Marguerites, white,

48's, per doz... 18 0-30 0
Nephrolepis, in

variety . ,.. 12 0-18 0
—32’s ... 24 0-36 0
Palms, Kentia ... 30 0-48 0

—60’s 15 0-18 0
Pteris, in variety 10 0-15 0
—large 60"ጸ 50-60
—gsmall ... . 40-50
—72'5, per tray

of 15'3 ... . 2636

The

chief flowering plants consists of a few Ericas, white and

pink, Cinerarias.
supply.

ireely.

fè Cyclamens are more limited.
Wistarias in flower are a very attractive line an

Daffodils. a good selection of Hyacinths.
Marguerites. and Azaleas. of whith

there is a plentiful
A few pots of
aelling

All Ferns are gradually improving in quality. for

which there is only a moderate supply.
Cut Flowers, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.

Adiantum deco- s.d.s.d.
rum, doz. bun. 18 0-24 0

—cnneatum, per

doz. bun. . 12 0-15 0
Asparagus plu-

moens. per bun.

long trails, 68 20-30

med. sprays 16-26

short 09-183
—Sprengeri, per bun.

long sprays 16-20

medium ,, 10-16

short e . 04-10
Bouvardia. white,

per doz. bun ... 12 0-15 0
Camellias, White,

per box 36-40
Carnations, per

doz. blooma 30-50
Croton leaves,

var.. doz. leaves 09-26
Daffodila—
—Emperor, per

doz. bun. ... 12 0-18 0
—Golden Spur,

per doz. bun. ... 40-50
—Henry Irving,

per doz. bun. 40-50
—King Alfred,

per doz. bun. ... 18 0-21 0
—obvallaris, per

doz. bun. . 90-50
—Sir Watkin, per

doz. bun. . 10 0- 150
Fern, French, per

105. bun. . 090-18
Freesia, per doz.

bnn. 4 0-18 0
—White, per doz.

bun. 26-30
—Special, long, per

doz. bun. 9 0-12 0
French Flowers—
Carnations, per

un ize . 1620

Marigolds, per pad 7 0-10 0
Mimosa, per pad 80-120
—per bun. 10-13
Narcissus—
—Grand Primo,

per doz. bun... 50- 80
—-ornatus, per

doz. bun. .. 40-10 0
—Soliel d'Or, per

doz. bun. . 40-50
Ranunculus, double

scarlet, dozbun. 8 0-10 0
—Carmine,

doz. bun .. 80-120
Roses, Safrano per

bun. of two doz.

blooms . .. 26-36

n.d Ad.
Roses, per pad ... 8 0-100
—Ulrich Brunner,
per doz. blooms 6 0-10 0
Stock, double
| white, per pad
24 bunches .. 80-100
—double coloured 7 0- 80
Violets, Parma,
per bun. . 30-40
—single, per pad 8 0-12 0
Galax, American,
green and bronze,
per doz. bun. ... — 30
Iris tingitana, per
doz. spikes ... 5 0-60
Lilac, Dutch, per
spikes ... .. 40-80
Lilium lancifolium
album. per doz.
blooms ... - —
—rubrum, long, ‘per
doz. blooms... 40-50
—short,, ,, . 30-410
Lillum longiflorum
Dur. per doz.... 8 0-90
Lily of the Valley,
per doz. bun. ... 24 0-36 0
Narcissus—
—Scilly White, pet
doz. bun. 40-60
Orchids, per dos.
—Cattleyas ... 24 0-80 0
—Cypripediums... 50-70
Primroses, per doz.
bun. ... .. 2640
Prunus triloba
(Dutch), per bun. 1 0- 1 6
Richardias (Arums)
per doz. 8 0-10 0
Roses, new crop,
r doz. blooms,
ichmond „ 60900
Ruscus, French,
per bun. .. 10-20
Smilax, per dos.
trails . 2 0-80
Snowdropa, doz.
bun. "E . 2030
Sweet Peas, per
doz. bun. ... 19 0-18 0
Tulips, per bunch—
—Couronne d'Or 20-26

—La Reine 1
—Mons Tresor ... 2
—Prince of Austria 2
—Rosina . 2
—Thomas Moore 1
—Wm. Copland... 3
M per dos.
4. 20-40

ው tototototo
OOOO

RENIRES :—Supplies in — pm been somewhat

heavier during the past week.
price. white blooms being most in demand ;

Richmond Roses are Increasing
blooms are mostly second grade,
blooms

are the most plentiful.
in quantity, but the
and special quality

Carnations remain firm in
scarlet. sorts

are *soon cleared. Other

varieties will be greatly welcomed. Richardias (Arums),
which have been fairly plentiful. were much fewer this

morning.

The quantities of Lilium longiflorum appear to

be sufficient for present requirements, and are casier in

price; there is only
rubrum at present.

condition from home growers.

8 limited supply of L.
Daffodils are arriving in excellent

lancifolium

and the sorts include

Emoeror, Henry Irving and King Alfred. There are also some
very fine blooms of Narcissus ornatus from the Hampton

district.

Increased consignments of flowers have

een

received from the Channel Islands, chlefly from Guernsey.

l
|
!

THE GARDENERS

consisting mostly of Daffodils and Narcissus. Similar
consignments are also arriving from Cornwall, which is
sending large consignments of Anemones. Violets, and
Snowdrops. There is little change to note amongst the
French consignments; Anemones Mimosa, and Violets are
arriving in large quantities, the present weather conditions
being most suitable for the transit of these blooms.

Fruit: Average Wholesale Prices.

Applee— s. d. s.d. 8. d. s. d.
Oregon New- Lemons, —

town 12 6-170 ' per box . 8 0-10 0
—Newton Wonder 6 0-10 0) ` —Murcia ... ... 12 0-14 0
—Bramley’s Seed- ' —Naples |... ... 15 0-23 0

ling— ... 80-160 | Oranges, Jaffa ... 16 0-20 0
—Californian —Spanish—

Newtown . 10 613 በ —300’s l 14 0-30 0
—Spitzenberg ... 13 0-15 0 —360's on 14 0-20 0
—Nova Scotia— | ፅ5048 ... 14 0-18 0
—Stark .21 0-60 | _seville Sour ... 18 0-22 0
—Russett.. ... 25 0-35 0 ' . Malaga sour 18 0-92 0
— Baldwin .. 21 0-20 0 | Pears, South =
—Greening ... 22 0-30 0 | - African—

Bananas, singles 17 0-25 0 —Williams’s Bon
—doubles... ... 17 0-27 6 Chr tien P 0-70
Grapes— —Clapp' sFavourite i 0- 50
ክቱ). Comar .. 30-50 ' Pines . 20-46
— Belgian Colmar, South African

D D a per 26-30 | Peaches.. . 0-12 0
EE IR, —Chalcots.. .. 60-80

barrel . . 30 0-35 0 — Nectarines » 0-10 0
Grape Pout | —Plums

Cuban ... . 23 0-25 0 ' —Santa Rosa 50-60
—Ja maica — ?5 l | —Wickson 60-80
— Florida ... . 25 0-27 6 Tunis Dates, doz. 50-60

Vegetables : Average Wholesale Prices.
8. d. a. d. s.d.s.d
Beans. Guernsey, | Lettuce, per dnm 16-20

per lb. . 26 40 | —Outdoo . 2630
—W orthing .. 30- 10 | Mushrooms: cups 20-30
—Madeira. per ' —broilers ... 13-19

box f 26-60 ! Onions, V alencia,

Be ets, per ewt. 4650 per case 15 0-16 0

Cabbage, per tally 60 80 | —English, perewt. 12 0-13 0
Canary Island , Parsnips, percwt. 4 0-60

Tomatos ., 13 0-22 0 018105, Canary
Caulifiowers, per 9 — ' Island, per d ጸ 0-14 0

doz 1 60-30 | _king Edward ... 16 0-18 0
Forced Mint, per —Spring crop ... 15 0-18 0

doz. 5 40-100 | potatos, per ton—

Celery, best, washed, | —Dunbar ... 220 0-240 0

per bundle... 20-30 —King Edward 210 0-230 0
—Second . 0090-10 —White ... 90 0-900 0
Chicory, per Ib... 0 3-0 33 | New Guernsey ib, 1 0-0 10
Carrots, per ewt. 36-50 ›

—New . . 10-13 | Potatos, New— መ
Cucumbers, per —Algerian, per Ib. 0 24-0 3
.. 12 0-18 0 —Azores, per case 10 0-18 0
Dutch Onions ... 11 0-13 0 | Radishes— “s
Endive, per doz 16-30 —Guernsey round 16-20
Batavia, per doz. 30-36 | —Guernsey long... 1 0- 1 በ
English — , —French ... . 30-36
—Finest ... pAn — 6 ! Rhubarb, Forced
— Best — 6 0 per doz... 23-30
French EP CR | Savoys, per taliy 7 6-12 6
—Paris Green ... 80-90 | Seakale, per pun-
— Lauris .. . 100-120 | net 16-20
Greens, per bag... 10-20 : Spinach, per bushel 5 0- 6 0
Horseradish, per | Sprouts, bag .. 40-60

bundle ... 20-26 Sweet Potatos . 9 0-40
Leeks, per doz. | Turnips, per cwt. 4 0-56

bundles .. 56-36 | —New * * — 10

REMARKS :—Rather more business has been transacted
during the past week. The weekly shipment of fruits
from South Africa. although heavier, sold fairly freely.
The condition of the fruits generally was very good and
prices were well maintained. The demand for Apples,
except for the very finest grades, is on the quiet side, and
values have heen inclined to fall slightly. A few hot-
house Grapes, home-grown and from Belgium, are in firm
demand jn spite of the competition of Peaches. Nectarines,
Pears, and Plums from the Cape. Forced Khubarb has
been a keen trade all the week, best marks selling at
improved figures. Some natural Rhubarb is being
marketed, and although on the small side, is selling well.
Brussels Sprouts are a short supply and their prices are

higher. Green vegetables are fairly plentiful. with
quotations showing no change. Forced Beans after
being quoted lower. owing to increased supplies. are a

rather better trade at the former prices. Forced Asparagus
is a steady trade in spite of competition of French grown

Asparagus. New Potatos are almost a drug on the
market, supplies from Algeria. Canary Islands, and
Azores moving very slowly. Forced Potatos from
Guernsey are not yet plentiful and their values keep
steady. Old Potatos are still popular and in good
condition.
GLASGOW.

A further general improvement was experienced in
the various sections of the market, the upward
movement in prices

which began a fortnight "D
having made renewed progress during the past wee

and more particularly towards the close, when values
were at their best.

The feature of the fruit market was an advance
of 3- to 5- per case in Oranges; Valencia 300's,
360’s, and 21!0's, which were previously averaged
from 10:- to 14. rose to 13; and 20/-. while §420’s
ranged from 20፡- to 22 -, and Mercia 300's from. 20/-
to 241-. Considerable quantities of fruit. comprising

recent cargoes, arrived in poor condition, and ከበበ

to be sold as ":*wasters" at greatly reduced prices
to street traders. Sunkist Oranges remained steady
at 18. to 20- per case, but Jaffas commanded
4- per case more at 18'- to 20/-. Seville Bitters

were unchanged at 16/6, and Mercia Lemons, 300's
at 12'6 to 15/-. Apple prices continued firm, more

a ——— —À— — — — —

--.፡ጨጠጠ — — —ñ — —ñ —ñ — — — — —— — —— — — S — — — — — —— — —— — —— — — —— —— — —

CHRONICLE. xi.

particularly the finer grades of case fruit, esp
Apples making from 13/6 to 16/6: Newtowns,
to 17/-; Spitzenberg. 13/6 to 16- ; Delicious, 19/6
to 17-; Rome Beauty, 12/6 to 14/6 ; and Golden
Ortley. 13/6 to 15-. Winter Nelis Pears sold at
per case for the Oregon product. and 30/- for-
Ww ashington. Cape Pears averaged 6/6 per box:
English Gros Colmar Grapes sold at from 39 to
5- per lb., and Scotch from 3/6 to 4-. Grape
— p Aed 236 to 25'- per case, and Figs 8łd.
per ;

Interest in the vegetable section was chiefly centred
in Onions, which further recovered 1/- to 2j- per case of
the recent decline, and until Egyptian consignments
arrive present indications point to still dearer prices.
Fives were up to 16,-. fours, 13,6, sixes, 15/-, and Dutch.
11/6 to 12/6 per bag. Caullflowers made 4/- per doz.;
Leeks. 6/- per doz. bundles; Beans (Madeira), 6/- per
box; Lettuces, 1/9 to 2/3; Radish. 2/6; Siboes, ou to
& - doz. bunches ፡ Watercress. 1/- and Mustard and
Cress, 2,6 to 3-

Supplies of eut flowers were well maintained and
ices moved in favour of growers. Some well-grown
ulips arrived from local nurseries and average prices
for the week ranged as follows:—Bartagon, 1;- to 1/4
for 6s, Farncombe Sanders, 1/- to 1/3, Copland, 10d, to
1:9, Flamingo and Couronne d'Or, 10d. to 1;2, Lucretia,
01. to 1/-. Tea Ross, 8d. to 1/-, Prince of Austria, 7d. to
10d., and Murillo. 8d. to 1.-. Daffodils were dearer,
King Alfred yielding from 1'- to 1/3 for 6's Golden
spur, 1.- to 12, Sir Watkin. 101. to 1/2, ornatus, 6d.
to 10d. and Guernsey blooms, 3/- to 4/- per doz. for
Primo and W. Irving. Prices for Carnations were
unchanged at 2 - to 4- per doz. Lilac made 5/- to 8-.
Mimosa, 6- per cane; French Violets, 2;- to 2/6 per
dez. bunches. English Violets, 1- to 27; Wallflowers.
# : Snowdrops, 16 to 2.-; Lily-of-the-Valley, 2,። to
2'6 per bunch: Richardias (Arums), 8'- to 10/- per doz. ;

Guernsey blooms, 4;- to 6-; Lillum Harrissi. 10/-.
Bowls of Hyacinths varied from 1/9 to 2/- each and
* Sailors” were 6/- per doz.

TRADE NOTE.

EUONYMUS PULCHELLUS AUREIS was regis-
tered with the International Bureau of
Registration of Horticultural Novelties con-
nected with the Federation Horticole Pro-
fessionnelle Internationale, during the present

month. The raiser is M. Henri Detriche,
Angers, France; the novelty has golden
foliage.

= —— —— ጨኢ-=--- — -

GARDENING APPOINTMENTS.

ast two years Gardener to
PORK, and previously for nine
LORD FARQUHAR, at White
Surrey, as Gardener to SIk
Norbury Park. Dorking.

Mr. C. Abbott. for the
H.R.H. THE DUKE OF
years with the late
Lodge, Richmond Park,
EDWARD MOUNTAIN. Bart..

Mr. W. J. Earl, for the past
Gardener to Mrs. ARTHUR WILSON,

eight
Tranby

ears
TOft,

Hull, Yorkshire, as Gardener to the Right Hon
the EARL OF DERBY, Eo pde 1) nu
Prescot, Lanes. (Thanks for 2s for G.O

Box.— EDS.)

r. S. T. Furnell previously
Hatfield House Gardens, as Gardener to R.
Esq., Holywell Park, Kent.

Mr. F. A. Fitt, previously Kitchen Garden Foreman at
Hatfield House Gardens, as Gardener to the COUNTESS
OF STRATHMORE, St. Paul's, Walden Bury, Welwyn.

Mr. Bernard Gray, for nearly ten years Gardener
and Bailiff to R. H. MickKs, Esq. J.P. Hotham
House, Hotham, Yorkshire, as Gardener to SIR
PHILIP and LADY CUNLIFFE LISTER, Swinton Park.
Masham, near Ripon, Yorkshire.

Mr. Stephen E. Harling, for nearly four years
Foreman at Sunningdale Park. as Gardener to MRs.
MOORE, The Great Meadow, Castletown, Isle-of-Man.

Mr. Wm. Povey. íor the past three years Gardener to
R. E. LAMBERT, Esq. at Telham Court, Battle.
Sussex, as Gardener to the same gentleman at Roche
Court, Winterslow, near Salisbury, Wiltshire. (Thanks
for 2s. for R.G.O.F. Box.—Ebs.)

r. F. Trimmer, for several years in the Gardens at
F'Hatfield House, as Gardener to the LADY
MACROBERT, at Colney Park, St. Albans.

Inside —— at.
. FOA,

- — — —

CATALOQUES RECEIVED.

C: ENGELMANN, LTD., Saffron Walden.—Carnations.

WM. SYDENHAM, Gayborder Nursery, Melbourne. Derby.
— iolas, Delphiniums, Asters, Chry santhemums,
Perennials.

SALE AND SON, LTD., Wokingham, Berks.—Farm seeds.

THOMAS CARLILE, Loddon Gardens, Twyford, Berks.—
Hardy plants.

STEWART AND Co., 13, South St. Andrew Street.
burgh.—Links and lawn turf; grass seed
manures.

J. SHAW AND SONS, LTD. Wolverhampton.—Governor
lawn mower.

T. GREEN AND SON, LTD., New Surrey Works, Southwark
Street. S.E. 1.— Lawn mowers, etc,

Edin-
and

2 x Tra ‘ee 46፡6

ከደት oe ui GEO. 5:50 De e SPALDING. — i

— —— * ———ÀÀ AT > IY

ae rae Ae mtm ee

T | THE GARDENERS’

sr? — as

Pee ogee avd

Shoo ere Westen

ረፍ ሙቃ Secs. Hepormtrient. s "e

D “GARDEN. ROLLERS &
“THE PIONEERS OF ALL THAT. MUSAE GREEN > e:
; is BEST AN. — MOWERS: ACE Bie Haw Century
YN ኤተ) Serpent co T Tr Mawar. — —
| SREENS '"SILENS Bur o
MESSOR" "oO LAWN: : »
— MOWERS
: 5.

Heres: 2 ር
4 M. XS * ኣጃ

/Made [6 ህመ 74 m. Bonk

— — E
Green's. ——
Mo p Movet

8 F 5 P ምቃ ;
ሇ AT un 4. AM [nag

f t. -
5 , 4 * t ; *

Besdaiusa 1n 458 10

5.

peti Seno RR Pe eren ውዱ exiens ** ae ee —“

— d ጋራ ፅኝ 5. Arait E — Medals
: bet PUE de aper "asa sud “ARETE! large fepe: der renine: or Bit ajug — 3
or DOUBLES. 18-ጻ: solum. Hower fike jarge Koses and Camellias : OE E pef: dax. an der Um *
$ TAB mixed 5910ቤ፻8 ——— qn Sues AE wm Bae, LS E
: SINGLES. jn: colour, very: inge qe. በ69 8:4. D aap -:/6-. DIE EAR
"Y (ec M thixed colour CEU ን aU = 56. ገው qus ;
- Bul Jt rested, in 6 — PE EETAS r —— Eom dX A pU jme :
HAM. 48 miisi :colware 5: REO d ው ይመ እማች — eem Mex 28.
'Cóliections ‘of 80 large tubers 1x; Abiem ^ 12 20፡09. i 68 sinus, 1 ጊ4- Us
Post fter, mearain pt D - aud utar.. | s 5
Pu ER EMEALOGUE, of pamed :Douthe: Badge lacs Tar Exhibition, aber utet ፤ 1 i A aim —

zinian., — — —— Plant, 6፲ፎ:- —
JDELPHINIUMS 2151,50 onina mus
GOLD. E a 'ብክ iiti Award: — ን ኤዴር መ፡ራ

Plant NOW We have Lies nid 18 atlering the Jollowtrg Follectiads Which ary mas
“NOG: ‘aue m strong gromi, rota, which will: make ኤኔ fine show -ut bonni. ins. —

Collection. A 18 aw godd forty, 65 — Collection: Gy iP weeornte n
DECR 4S he 35 ቶም በከመ dora Bo ee 42 s —

፡:፡::.፡:14:-2. :::.:. ሞሌ 1ክ1ወር1106 Ey !5 average sorte T»
CATALOGUE: FER. apply.

BLACKMORE & LANGDON-

እው BEP diese ss nonce HS SUS ed oe gum ነቅ. eR

በበ Diet |. d.

v2 ኡ

* ሜሬ Ty

— for

EX, 15 good «8716 | ን — 2=
cis e CU

ጆ;

——

| eeu ong |

| "EMERALD. GREEN”.

- | L AWN SEED D|

Astley’ 5

| "The Hosticulturst 13/9604. 3 nat Heng
reprinted: this. year, but a limited. number ir —
of copies nt the i sede fpr: 924. are: amie A
8016. at ዘ reduced: ላው ef. —

ae post. free.

ter etajn 081 the. finest: 06853.
:" fion, thus ensuting every satisfaction.
ድው i tbs 59: ዲቲ tha. 53; 3 lbs, 69.

RO 18 and Wet 47. Bey WS tur ፻፡/4..

ES ተአ ሪከ should: he ይታ tà:

GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, 1p, | T
E 5 Foviamek E 2 » Covent X Garden, ላሂ; E x

; ewes FAG
| BOLLECTIONS er ከበደ

— AOVELTIES- “FLOWER “and VEGETABLE, -geaowias, ሄ.
E e l d ox. fp: illnafranted í 'a Lb pure « Wr! ሀከ "S

TO —— id i iren. አሁ... PE upon, viter DE So

CHRONIC LE.

- — D oli aen Me eem ካር t መ” ie Fi. pei ገ hc ሙከ AIC

"WORLD FAMOUS
LAWN MOWERS

S264 ewes £ YEr ውና ውው ወና ማፍ ወህማታ #8 ወ9 ሮታ —— 2

| #2 Mis Majesty The Amp.

— MARKERS.

MOTOR a MOWERS NE Ed

A

Rizea: — 19.::088.:24 de
| ከሊ EMcient and ፳ ሩ፡«ቀርነ›ሩ3..

be had trom any jrmeronget
led E gg vé

hin AY ፡-ያ ን
SA he eee ee እነ. AUI
1 #1!» 8 s oxi rn "
€ i bout Dm
i ነኒ u 4 AATETTA GINI
Midi ፣

BATH. «il

2 i » p ENUS
— — — — — —

zi
ጠጋ
+ See F
** | 2 Y 4 L
፳ 4 " ረኝ
ን ኤኬ Fe ሦ NU 5
ys , mn “Aa ን T 7 X ቁ ነ
: fs ጋ. bá A ያ ዘን 5 x Á ' 3 ——— ake ee የ P URSE እ: S À Ñ
hed § * tr o Eys by $ VOU bL iio & alata i i b atte ak es e “ወል 11 ሥራች. “ያ ጋዳ ሕነ መደረክ አያ ና አዳ
4 — — — "ችሁ ዘው”: — M — 'ሙ. — — —— —— —— — — — ሠው ጨመ መ" — -
— — —— i ui t i i — — — — ae Rae EAS EE cep r 7 EL ; ሖ
" — ~ R YDA ፖፌ/ዖ s * = a ‘ 5 i — ^ ፦ ፌሬ — ወር r : P
RAMET * — a s — “ሩን mp x ላ » s> eti T Y ሥ ` —
" የጠ ፡

t seeds. Ab: high: percenimge of purity amd gering: ME
" db. Zin’ AV

H

“Post: Pad 344.4.

— — — —
TM

FERRI any 28, mo

** 4 — c
ነ

“Over * Million meo.
Nan dn “write far

*

^ $991 ነ
-
yt» —
sà Tie Ree e
AMA eus
Las F> 2 ዖ Bey
m ያ ፡
መኝ o 3
i ረ

| THOMAS GREER & i 08, — soia Ironworks, p ant Mew Surrey Works ; Southwark Ste London, s 551.

| BENTLEY’ E

‘SPECIALITIES | -

WEED DESTROYERS |

Liquid t to 80; Powder ፤ t 16 et

-DAISY KILLER (Lawn Band)

“EARTHWORM DESTROYERS
(Liquid 880. Poner. tp

| FERTILIZERS
“Far .Lawns, ‘En rits,
. Vegetables.’ s —

INSECTICIDES
«For: alt Hee: ዘ peats and 819.

FUNGICIDES -

ከ6 and

‘For fungoid. መ indoors and s

outdoors. -

— a

For use under. gun, and i in y the: soil. Y

GARDEN. ‘REQUISITES .
| Qf all ‘descriptions:

(mese: linsirated: Catalogi des on.
MULA ማያ 8 »

10978. ‘BENTLEY, LIMITED,

| Chemical Works, B Barrow-on-Humber, Hull 1 ነ,

= ¥ Sow VERIGEST SEEDS : >
a for the Lory Best Results D 8

qon NEM RETE vrat CATALOGUE.

T AFPRDVED AGENTS: WANTED.

|. GARDENSUpruEsE

Cranmer Stre
oy LIVERPON

ME MIA M

3 Me የጫ እ :

. *
Tp

disi b

Frorcagy 28, 1925 :

IHEEEFMEES Suet sou! pianie.

—— መ በና አክዬ

‘EREIMATES: i gh አዊ —

All በመ ‘erected — 16.
Brickwork, and 591152 Apparatus: We
; muy pert at thé. tonnir $.. ;
i Competitive Earimates tor -
በጀቅልክዛገገሽ6 with. genuine |
WHITE. LEAD PAIMY. —
Mixed ou the dob. E

፳5፻,:81:58፡2ጐ | ie».

| ፕመወሁክወ9፤ ks

GRCHIDR 15.

M
wt

Clend, well grown and cheap; else
Many Rave and Choice Warieties.

‘STOVE AND GREENHOUSE PLANTS OF ALL KINDS.
| :- 38:17 and tor (:6/ህ)5በጻ፡

‘JAMES. — & SONS,
. Exetie ጠፍ CHEL CHELTENHAM. .

pure 949008 STONE 1
THINIPANY XATPAU POR * ie ፋ! ኣሎና i
LE TOIE BORE ros a PV ——
MATH. Pore
om GET XP ባሃ ›! NOU TERE S
Pekas CIN, r3»; AO T1 TA ን

MARIE TT: HANES ViN ፈያ eS

ዬም SEO RETAK, a v j
Hato — SERTE, *

FORBES’ Catalogue
— * Poke. o —
በመ Border: and Rock Plants, Seeds, € we

.. FREE ON. APPLICATION.

JOHN FORBES (Hawick) LIMITED: | —

T pw Mey. HAWICK CE, SCOTLAND

The — | ;

| PROPA ዝራ)
giiminates the. fob bell.
‘temperatures: in one

4 different aad i ናይ ይይሽ

atid frame. External Lamp,

i ONU RR 29 83516 kod —— operation. ||. -

UM Aer d.
Ad. d
47 ee . t 22).
NW. Hs

ELIABLE

LINCOLNSHIRE SEED POTATOES |

Pa i6 Mary, A
` Large or &mall quentities,
d — — stato quantity required, to .
WwW. DENNIS ዉጪ SONS, LTO.
(Dept. Ne: sar KIRTON. BOSTON, Lines.

| The Pots that Drain
PETEA RAYLXT 4 ROM, Tus

Hamon አኔ።ፖጸጆ፣ Ontat]
Wr. — —

ey tne: T3934 HE

s T QU IU orba s

[ONE GARDE! | NER R

BROATION. ur ——— enable him. to prodáee- the “pest du Ne
EECA UBE ape prices” AE his employer the: atmos ——

PORTONES. tained il an

—— eit — ——
ያ የት RENE

“KINGSTON 1 ROAD, :

; l “ብፀሽይር፡8፡ 3575.

ለ: (ከጨ ያ ወ actual ore —

ደር3 "n. er rne. fro ut. IAR ANE FIA At Ay:
[Sp sally Tao ኣህመቶኔ A PUT EES 85886 ox evtl. Vigo: (66 35: gx c 1
17 which =

}
2
ae
ur

* va 1
“.- 9 ን ከጋን መያ i — a ክም Eae
AM ያር) — - Apes 5:>=ኗ — `
ኣ ( F 1 - — #ቻ:?
oe . —*

TOR | 72286 |. | ይ

QNI UD a9 15;
x) Coie ee Glover, Graat beat Brition emen;

ና COCK,
፡ WeMon Hills, SPA LDING. |

e SE — — * — — — —

| RAYNES SN —
LONDON, 5.W.20,

[ክሌ arise

were. 3 wasdedt) Alanine’ 758594... nee irony o

FOUR GOLD MEDALS ©
FIVE SILVER CUPS |

SECOND EARLY. ‘VARIETIES.
)0- t. (38/71.

28 ተይ 5'5፤ se if. 9 By why: 17

‘MAIN CROP. VAR ETE.

—— አ ረር

RR
LOB wr E o
AR Carriage 79 መ." ይህ Fees

. INMANS |
RUSTIC "WORK 1]

‘Samer 1696, Seats; Fencse, Arches, tke.

Pioneers ot^ "The. 584ዐ88፡ ‘Methods —
ef: ‘Orchid: Seedling Raising 2

CHARLESWORTH & CO. LID, : ;

HAYWARDS | GEATH, SU 58:3...

CHRYSANTHEMUMS

'"- Romir List ህ now. ar, or Genera! Catalogue, cov-
taining the newt end’
58108. on aultute, : 8160. the
'Boweting Carnations. Bent. poat: trés on request. to:

Moped እ ከሪ ን] —— sso
— —

A 4:,ሀሠበህበኙ hay et Seb ib.

CINE Bk: — *
—

— — e Mesa he
— ነ NUM ^

dor RE

“RUSTIC WOOD FOR GARDENS. _ || à
Royal. Works. STRETFORD. SS

“The መፍ S Kines, rami rowei & — :

THEO (GARDEN ERS CHRONICLE.

| TELLS. "ANOTHER !| !

M
FIRST. EARLY. "VARIETIES. 5

Dt varnat UL TO Y ELA Rag ON DAIN, A è
op odin ኦዣ (imi tariy, Beauty. at Mabron, fon Nasi 1

hiasf, Epicure, ERE. Post 29 its 895 5፡ leoi

Mun sat d zv je s n M mS ጠህ A :

| ይዛ "nine; : 38. kms Be s E. dU. à 3 Dare! Wi M T

Kerru Pink, Biehop, Tem —— sve Wing. Be
OT, Fiold-Migritval, Roderic Dhu, Majee i.
| — Edward, Ghiet, 11e i

Potato: s T duum

"s m "in AREN TE wae m

5 ——— varieties, with ማልክ : =
cheat varieties 10. Sata 2

KEITH LUXFORD & Co. |

a Paw Lic Ik FOR የሚ

— BB st.

| GARDENERS’. CHRONICLE, LTD.

m 11.

—€————
*

| WEEDS” "ins Dann

| MARRISON'S - Relatio WEED. TILLER

. 71 keep voar Garden: Pathe, Curdàge Drives, tte)
-freg trom weeds for st [east 13 months. The beat:
-ኣቭፎዩ am ie "Plauisin and Dandcdton Iu Lawns..

Brümtena Me. የ8791. Imtisnac: Saying. in, Luboor..

. f lons ... ድ ‘Dron. ; ሻሂ - extra, C Ja Pul.
jid — እ .- 42/8 ] ጸመ tal- Ms “ቆ#፡ 7! AA *
ut v AV Sab: Ciak .HB. EA D i et

g Frith ማ፡ሳት mre nm —— ta ይህ — — formes.
tot የራ paid bran Engbsh part. Fadl price olla
far ታጠፈ nd pakke if veturned iu miod condition |
z varriage- quu within ነ.) nionbhx. © i
"NB th ths ፒፒ nt the 85955 ::..
pluies note That this Weed Killer” =
iiiter 460 o0. IM ater, being: double gsm
Che erdinary sicugin.: OGA gaian-
Spied with. 91 gahi GF waiter will — erie
onure ab ar ot from- 1590 ta 2:0. vw ፡ —
A spare yards: «ertvorly.. n RELIABLE E
G C HARRISON, Weep. E
— — Cheralat, T — E e
REAGING. . WERL

BLACK CURRANT BUSHES.

Murlety M EDINA." . The Seat 18 tha woni:
Tuus PRIZE st ASHFORD, KENT, 58፡0. z aly, im;

ርው — OR na — ^ 758. pod er "ri
E by. passenger: F r
5 per Lon). free on Tall goods iue CMT PM

tly Ar kd bushes alt

Bock wr the: fiikr — delivery.
— Te * 22 big 700. or. revétMon. -

* MARKET inum, 55)88ሀ889. Established 1841. |

PUR ui T (0

Yin 1104. ua

"FERNS AND FERN CULTURE |

| Mr J; ን little: book; 50 fascinating ©
=| iw itesunplicty, and: iu: te completeness and i
| leame of its Jnforinatia TE nll be

ARUN

፲
ኑ

uh

16. pout free:

በ፻

.፡፡፡. va faves: Fem should dave a copy.
-pi this lile volume, which: 1 dy "worth fae more.”
(than dts) ሃፀፃሯ dow prie .-

rT igh
IRE

sf

lets y avistock iid oS Garden ^. ey a :

X Kj 9 ጨፌ can — EN ad.
O E ኝ eertising;- which . ta dts. life-blood.' A
: clogging. of the’ physical arteries: means’
Heath 49 Coase 16. advertise 1. de እዚ.
- ክሮ business: bý Sow starvation.

xiv.

THE ENGLISH -
ROCK GARDEN.

PRICE ; Rx Jes. Od.
መሙ መ uas ^

poore whe iwni ል rack us 2 HFF IMPROVED LAWN SAND 1|
who favet Alpide. plants, ik afford 5-1] 11. |

| be without this dehghiful work, which taflects. 1 1 — ON f
» ‘tor sete ti *

| ee nahfülie. the germs af te: dead &uihnr,

phe date: Reginald: Farret.- des iim twa big A
volumes, full of deeply. — ናው un

TH EC Ga RDE? NERS

“5 መመ፣ — ይህ — G — ——

Tatami 185. “Telephone: 1020 Addlecomibe yy 1

SOUTH "LONDON
HORTICULTURAL ST ORES.

||ዚ SCOTT & SONS’

Mose, anda Weeda. ;
"on lawn M

q "HRON I OLE.

ጀይክክር/ፀነ ው

COLOUR PLANNING
OF THE GARDE

53 ay GEORGE. E. TINLEY, o
-THOMAS HUM PHRE Xi ando s
: ነኛ. FRVISG, aith ዝይ. fatrodiice j
tion by Miss, GERTRUDE
JEKYLL, and 55. Colour: Plates
by 3455 ^ M- W ን —

mc M m a afa In i; vol. — eS

ccs Tavistock Street. London, W.C. 2

| : genae ከልክ — —— Ceuta, - ds end ፲/ A ÁN TES.
UA * — ie — — ሟ. in ; y i E HM
MES — NU M መ ME EE
1. መሻሩ LAWN MANURE ጨሬ ፲ s to. every ዕ ——
Eo ሩ ‘square: Sarda). /$9/- per cwt; R18 ton. : "HE. purpose. ot the "book. dk "io

M TS AINE AMG PLANT MANURE. | I d ‘assist - gardeners 18 laying out. their
ud pu et 829 per ten. (carriage. paid) - AM

NGHE ባራ [pass 18. an “artistic. manner, having ቭ
07 owned and Tong stabil

ud je : G E R M A No m. A There are 5,006 entries and 50 coloured.

|| TREE & ROSE NURSERY ||| s ts men t

wid Bowen.

: -42-. net. - (Plus ፲፦ postage). 2 —

| GARDENERS" CHRONICLE, de oo
. 5 Tavietork 9 — Wea |

| AK BOOK FOR TROPICAL GARDENERS.
“THE MANGO”
^ a MARSHALL: WOODROW..
AL ከ6. have ‘the. advantage |
Of 8. ‘tropical: or sami- Map.

““glimate. should send for a
kopy Of this little- brochure.

F He Brea: el I post free.
LBARDENERS. ‘CHRONICLE, LTD.

seasons, dnd. growing: capabilities.

es «ob ide: reputation ds seeking: A
ርዘክ8፳ክ፤ፎ qualified

| ||| commission AGENT

: | cxnpeneas CHRONICLE, Ltd-
for — 86:38 amd. Treland, wih, ros ES “TAVISTOCK STREET, |
: : 8068: connection. |

ARI | |. COVENT GARDEN/w.c.2.-
Ename T ‘NURSERY, Box 4 £4; 5, Tavistock - ፡ — Pur HEN
Street, Covent ‘Ganden, WE. 254 RN d:

genus Tr TIT i የ111. itid Tinin unim MIU pus

o —— 9 —

AYE
M

1

—

—— —— —
#7 "jJ í 1 s
z "E F ር xis. "ተ a! :
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E ENE IET et See
, ሯ Ver ee SS ares — ክረ “

i Ae

ቋ 2

ይ.-ኝ”
>

oo.

IS By 4 e Birkenhead :
Revised. by F. Parsons. f

m we | E: 4. ሥሠ free.

—
eus

OTM Te

LI
— —

[[[)ዘበዚዘበቨዘዘዘ[8በ

ap Ling ፍና“ pajer - ወፁ ወመታሞ.›ሙ nee tee ይሓ መ ia or eee s

ማኞ” ok BPS ewe PLI ይመ

ነኢ ; CR VE dE LATA —

—

i H Sa ee ei A
. ፳' $

————— — —
— | — a 4 ተ i.
$^. 53 Se te ~

<% = ሥም

E c3 ፦ ERNS aight tà [ክነ ፳. ርክ. dap — than they do. am dé Eng i arden

ንሣ š (24
g i LI fe te og / *« 4
6 ul id d . 5 v 1 à 43
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La . > d ቐ”።። , . X
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Ni le ee wager RN —— — £t

Lee big nore flower — sine & : wi
— oe Jozue. ven. 995 ክር

ከከዘዘቨዘክዘ

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—

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= è

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FERNS dave. 3. grace and E. qd ja.

Rem he weuld- otherwise - S ከ c d de

— — ——

— cultivate 858. annot de be eter than parh ከ5 | ከ8. ‘book: “whose ie mem E
Us above." Tecan. ‘be: obtained from = Ne roy Ce c C s

| |. GARDENERS CHRON [፲6. a. L Tavistock Street, Covent. Gorden, we ር 2 2

ai t iom ay i o died
1 ። Mg
T

id

PORA Vag
ኛ፥ : UERN

——MÁ—À — —

| eae

— — —

a

— ውሉ ፡። rt:
4k

ው ‹ው›- መ —— ÀÀH ñ m Pe
OR AT S- ያነ።

—
ያ

ግ በ BEER iii n iin EHE: B

— M — — — — — — — "T —

ES

; | ‘regard: 16: the’ colours. and heights: et | አሉ.
ዝከ 15 various. 78085. their flowering.

FEBRUARY 28, 1925.

SITUATIONS VACANT

Twenty words (or three lines including headline),

48., and 18. for every succeeding eight. words (or

line or portion thereof). Fee for having replies
addressed to this office, 18.

Advertisers their Advertisements
repeated must give full particulars,
otherwise no notice can be taken of their

Name and address alone

desiring

communications.
are insufficient.

Gardeners writing to Advertisers of Vacant
Situations are recommended to send them
copies of testimonials only, retaining the
originals. To part with original documents
means to run a great risk of their being

mislaid.

When addressing Box numbers, it is essential
to give the initials or pseudonym, as well as
the correct number of the box.

MUNICIPAL AND PUBLIC.

TOTTENHAM AND WOOD GREEN, BURIAT
BOARD.
CEMETERY SUPERINTENDENT.
Salary £250 per annum with House and Rates paid.

PPLICATIONS are invited by the Board

Pu for the Office of Superintendent at their
Cemetery, Church Road. Tottenham.

Salary £250 per annum with House and Rates paid.

Candidates must have a knowledge of Book-keeping,
and understand Shrubs, Trees. and Landscape Gardening.

The person appointed will be required to devote his
whole time to the duties.

Applications must be made on a form to ከሩ obtained
at my Office. or will be sent by post on receipt of a
foolscap size stamped addressed envelope.

Applications marked ** Superintendent " must be sent
to me (together with copies of three Testimonials of
recent date) not later than Saturday, March 7, 1925.

By order.
H. J. ROY NON,
Clerk.
Burial Board
664. High
'Tottenham.
17 ከኬ February,

Office.

Road.
N.17.

1925.

ANTED, in April, for Wattstown
.., Memorial Park, Rhondda, experienced
GROUNDSMAN and PARK KEEPER, must thor-

oughly understand Bowling Greens and Tennis Courts
and the control of all gammes. Good wages and house
provided. Preference given where wife would cater for
teas, etc.—J. KANE, Wattstown, Rhondda.

PRIVATE.

I 'T.-COL. F. K. McCLEAN wishes to
4 inform applicants for Huntercombe Place that the
post is filled.

—ñ— —

ANTED, SINGLE - HANDED GAR-

DENER for permanent lace ;
acres: single man preferred.— Write first,
experience and wages required, to KILROY,
End, Everton, Hants.

፪

sta
Lane

INGLE-HANDED GARDENER wanted
ኑኔ › for household of women students: please give

details —ST. MICHAEL'S HOSTEL. Grove Park. 3.E. 12.

YOOD GARDENER (R. C. preferred)

wanted: thoroughly experienced Inside and Out ;

boy kept; wife assist in house if necessary; “good cottage

with garden; good references essentials state age and

full particulars —POPHAM, Limhold Grange, Hatton,
Warwick.

— we — — ——

THE GARDENERS’

|

WANTED immediately, SECOND GAR-
DENER of four. must be well experienced
18 all Kitchen ete, married, no
children; good help in house
occasionally if wages. experience
—HEAD Derby.

Garden work,
cottage. wife to
needed. State age.
GARDENER, Morley Manor,

(22? SECOND GARDENER wanted. for

Essex: experienced hardy Fruit and Inside :

house provided; no accommodation — for children. ;
state wages.—F. F. G.. Box 78 5 Tavistoek Street,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

Woon good SECOND GARDENER
of four, Inside and Out; wages 38-: cottage.—
W. FRIEND.
Bucks.

Apply. stating
Grange Farm.

age. experience, 10
Chartridge. Chesham,

W ANTED, thorough good man ከ8

SECOND: take charge of Vines, Peaches, Melons,
Plants; 35;- per week, bothy, ete, —H OW ES, The
Gardens, Saltmarshe Hall, Howden, Yorks.

ጓኣ a FOREMAN, Outside, single,
accustomed. to motor mowers. Wages and
bothy. duty every three weeks 3.-; alo TWO IM-
PROVERS. 17 to 19 years, wages 26'- to 30.- (according
to experience). and bothy. duty every three Weeks, 5 -.—
Apply L. €. PICTON, Estate Office. Milton. Derby.

53

AVO FOREMAN to take charge of
glass department and decorating: Carnations,
Chrysanthemums, fruit and plants generally ; married,
lodge provided.—Apply A. BETTS, Wilton Park,
Gardens, Beaconsfield.

Non FOREMAN for the fruit and
^ plant houses, with good knowledge of Carna-
tions and Chrysanths.: wages 40-, and 4-
bothy and veg.—C. ABBOTT, Norbury Park, Dorking.

duty :

a

Wo. FOREMAN, with a good know-
ledge — of Orchids. stove. and greenhouse
plants.—State experience, and wages required,
CURATOR. Gardens, Birmingham.

age,
Botanic

Wei. end of March. FOREMAN,
inside, must. be well up in plants: age not under

26; only those with first-class experience in plant
houses need apply: also experienced MAN for
pleasure grounds with some knowledge of Inside ;

not under 24; good wages and duty paid.—A. REEVES,
Sunningfield Gardens. West Heath. Hampstead.
N.W. 3.

ጓ experienced MAN to take
| charge of six plant houses; copy of references,
ete; no bothy, good lodging near.—WAHRD, Merly
House Gardens, Wimborne, Dorest.

ANTED, an experienced MAN to take

charge Inside: chiefly fruit ; duty every third
week; 12 o'clock Saturday; wages £2 weekly ; no
bothy.— Apply GARDENER, The Grange Gardens,
Alresford. Hants.

YAN. Head Gardener recommend good
.. single MAN. age about 28 years, to take entire
charge of Glass; experienced in Fruit, Carnations,
Decorations. and the general run of plants on a large
establishment. and must be a good manager of men.—
Apply HEAD GARDENER., Greenlands, Henley-on-
T Din.
Wo a thorough reliable MAN for
ኝ Inside and Out, chiefiy Inside. must be expe-
rienced; wages 37,6. with bothy, 3 - for Sunday duty.—
T. €. GRINHAM. The Gardens, Woodlands,

Apply
Shiplake. Henley-on-Thames.
single MAN, to help grow

\ T ANTED, :
vegetables commercially. age and full. particulars

to HEAD GARDENER, Bourne Park, Bishopsbourne,

Canterbury.

NOR energetic, single MAN for
i Fruit Orchard and Kitchen Garden, etc- age
24-30, wages 37/4. with bothy and attendance.— Apply
with references, M. QUINN, Swynnerton Park Gardens.
Stone, Staffs.

W ANTED, two keen, intelligent MEN for

herbaceous borders, Roses, ete. State age.
experience, and wages expected with bothy.—F. FITCH,
Balls Park Gardens, Hertford, Herts.

V ANTED, MAN, for lawns, alpines,
herbaceous borders, shrubberies, able to use

seythe; 32,-, bothy, duty extra.—HAMMOND, Norbury.
Ashbourne.

Y TANTED. LEADING HAND for Kitchen

Garden and Hardy Fruit, where first; class vege-
tables are grown, good. wages and bothy.—S. METCHELLE,
Parham House Gardens, Pulborough.

CHRONICLE.

XV.

V ANTED, experienced MAN for pleasure

grounds, age 22-27; herbaceous borders, Roses,
Ateo mower: wages 40 - weekly. with bothy, etes duty
every third week: full particulars with copies of refs.
—W. H. MARSHALL. The Gardens. Maple Hayes.
Lichfield, Staffs.

ANTED, YOUNG MAN for Kitchen

Garden. duty alternate weeks: wages 30 '-, bothy,

vegetables.—O. TWITCHETT. The Gardens. Gorhambury,
St. Albans.

VW YOUNG MAN for Pleasure
4 Grounds. please state experience, age, wages,
with bothy. milk and vegetables, duty 6'-. cricketer
እን aD EAD GARDENER, The Abbey. Cirencester,
Glos.

Y YANTED, YOUNG MAN for Pleasure

Grounds. age about 24, single: wages — 36/-
per week. lodgings near work.—Apply. with references.
to ላ. JACKSON. Browns — Gardens. = Effingham,
Surrey.

WATFORD GRAMMAR SCHOOL (BOYS).

V ANTED, a MAN for care of school
cricket ground; experience with motor mower

an additional qualification; apply to the HEADMASTER

V

ANTED. MAN for pleasure grounds and

hardy fruit; age 24-30: motor-mower; four
kept: lodgings close; duty: state wages required.—
G. BARBER, Hannington Hall Gardens, Highworth,

Wilts.

IV a5 TED, strong active YOUNG MAN
for Kitchen Garden good spadesman and
some experience. small cottage available.—Write. with
particulars of experience, Tefs.. and wages expected.
to S. J.. Box 65. 5. Tavistock Streeet, Covent
Garden, W.C.2.

Va. YOUNG MAN for Pleasure
"V Grounds pony mower, able take duty; bothy.

State age and full particulars.—A. ASHFORD, The

Gardens, Standford Hall, Loughborough.

5. . MAN, married, required for
Kitehen Garden and lawn mowing. state age,

wages.—H EAD GA RDENER, Ireton Wood, Idridgehay,
near Derby.

— — — —

ነ ብ. YOUNG MAN, single, for
Kitchen Garden and Pleasure Grounds, must have
thorough experience, and good references, wages 45/-, no
bothy.—H. W.. Box 03, 5, Tavistock Street. Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

We FIRST JOURNEYMAN for
fruit houses also help in flower garden
when required ; not under 23 years of age: 38/- per
week. bothy, ete.: duty every fourth week, 5/- extra
for duty; a cricketer would be an assct.—Apply,
with copies of refs, to J. R. BATTY, Skelton
Castle Gardens. Skelton-in-Cleveland, Yorks.

\ ANTED. FIRST JOURNEY MAN, Inside ;
themums ;

thoroughly experienced Fruit and — Chrysan-
must be well recommended; wages 38 -
per week:
five in bothy. — Full

6- duty every third week ; bothy, ete.;

particulars of experience to
F. W. GALLOP. BLiliord Gardens, Barnwell, Peter-
borough.

ANTED, experienced JOURNEYMAN for

Inside; wages 38/- weekly, bothy and attendance,

l duty—H. KEMP, Holmnewood Gardens, Langton,
Tunbridge Wells.
X" ANTED, TWO OUTSIDE JOURNEY-
i MEN for Kitchen Gardens, lawns. etc., able
to take duty.—Apply, with particulars, stating wages.
with bothy and attendance, to HEN RY, Colworth
Gardens, Sharnbrook, Beds.

— — —

WANTED, JOURNEYMAN, Inside, fruit
and plants, part commercial, no bothy.-—
Full particulars, J. JACKSON, Tendring Hall, Stoke-
by-Nayland. Suffolk.

WANTED. JOURNEYMAN. Inside and
Out: state age, experience, wages expected with

bothy and attendance to—J. PITTS, Pett Place, Charing.

\ TANTED, JOURNEYMAN, Inside, fruits
' and plants: bothy. State age and full
particulars.— A. ASHFORD., The Gardens, Standford

Hall, Loughborough.

OURNEYMAN wanted, experienced in
e fruit and plant houses; state wages, with rooms.
vegetables, attendanee.—E. BRISTOW. Castle Hill
Gardens, Filleigh, Barnstaple.

XVI.

Y TANTED immediately. JOURNEYMAN,

single, Inside and Out.—State age, experience
and wages without bothy, Col. A. FFRENCH BLAKE,
Estate Office, "ከ Park, SUEDA

years of
under the
Kedleston Hall, Derby.

WANTED. YOUTH. 16 to 17
age; live in bothy and be

foreman.—Apply J. VOSS.

ARRIED COUPLE wanted as experienced
ሒ GARDENER and COOK-GENERAL; boy kept;
two in family; good wages, private sitting- -room and
bedroom ; all ‘found.—Address GREYBOLE, Hatfield,
Herts.

ANTED, GARDENER

and wife, live

in. medium garden, small glass, wife COOK-
GENERAL, private family, two. State ages and
wages, good home suitable couple.—140, Canterbury

Road, Margate.

ARRIED (COUPLE reared dob Tedding-

ton. ages 30 to 35, no children. wife must
be thoroughly experienced in domestic work, help
given with rough work, husband to assist in house
and garden and clean car; comfortable home, good
references essential.—Apply. stating full particulars
and wages required.—KOBERT, 03. Regent Place,
Regent Strect, London.

ARRIED COUPLE wanted for London,
GARDENER-HANDYMAN, ł acre garden. no
veg., and COOK-HOUSEKEEPER, 3 other maids kept:

3 in fam "personal references.—Apply W.. 1, Hall
Road, N. W.

VASTED, good Garden LABOURER ;

single; must be able to plough with single-
horse plough—HEAD GARDENER, Hooktield Park,
Epsom, Surrey.

TRADE.
ANAGER PROPAGATOR wanted for

small herbaceous and alpine nursery.—DOWNER,
Drayton Manor Nurseries, Chichester,

V JANTED. expert PROPAGATOR and

GROWER of Carnations, Tomatoes, etc. ;
wages 70/- to 80- per week; state age and experi-
ence; abstainer preferred. —GROW ER, Box 67, 5
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

WN Pe good alpine and herbaceous
PROPAGATOR.—Apply, stating experience and
wages required, to G. GIBSON ፊ CO. Leeming
Bar, Bedale.

ነነ" ARIEN, a real live, up-to-date FORE.
? MAN well up in Cues.. Tomatoes, Chrysanths.,
and bedding out plants; good wages, bonus on turnover;
single man: state age, wages expected. and previous
experience.—C. E.. Box 60, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden. W.C. 2.

ANTED. working Rose and Fruit
FOREMAN, used to growing large quantities.—

Apply, giving age, wages expected. and copies of
testimonials stating where experience was gained,
8. McGREDY & SON, Royal Nurseries. Portadown.

ነ ..። an experienced Inside FORE-

MAN; married, with not more than one child;
state full particulars, salary required with cottage.—
DICKSON & ROBINSON, The Seedsmen,
Manchester.

King’s
HERBACEOUS and Alpines, good MAN

with knowledge propagating, lifting, dispatching,
etc.—Apply with refs, THYNE & SON, Dundee.

\ YJANTED for West of England, MAN,

single preferred. experienced in Chryssnthemums,
Roses, Tomatoes, and Bedding Plants.—State መመ an
wages required, enclosing referenoes to 8., Box 38, 5,
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2

ጓጓ ከ. for Nursery, Essex. energetic
, GROWER, Box Seedlings, Chrysanths.; Tomatoes,
ete.: good references: abstainer preferred; state
experience and wages required (no house).—SAVAGE
& SON, East Ham.

— ርና ችን > ፦ — — — — ፎ- -ሙ-- - - ---

V 7 ANTED. YOUNG MAN, with know-
ledge of growing Carnations; state, age, expe-

rience and wages to N. W. VANDERWEY DEN,
Carnation Nurseries, March, Cambs.

W: ANTED, single MAN, used to outdoor
nursery work, chiefly for bulbs and flower
zrowing.—WALSHAW & SON, The Nurseries, Scar-

borough.

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

\ ANTED. First-class ROSE GROWER

used to propagating on nursery lines.—State age,
experience, and wages to T. 1]. ACKBURN, Fenay
TORE Nurseries, Almondbury, Huddersfield.

Waste 1D, some experienced MEN for

ard Court Laying. aceustomed to best class of
work; able to take charge and willing to travel.—Write
U. F., 54. New Oxford Street, W.C.

“ል”ፒዲ፲ንሏ። — Definite rituations, Ontario
' Nurseries, large families with adult girls, gardeners,

farmhands, nursery:rnen, sail March, houses ready.—
UNION TRANSIT CO., Glasgow.
ANTED. STOKER and HANDYMAN

for small nursery. able to do painting. glazing,
ete.; state age, Wages. and experience.—STOK ER, Box
68. 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

WE, have a vacancy in our Seed, Bulb,
€ and Sundry depts. Applicants please state
age experience, salary required, married or single, etc.—

ARNWELL B ROS., Crescnt. Road Nursery, ነኝ orthing

NS by a London Retail House,
TRAVELLER, with established connection in

southern counties; seed, bulb, and nursery trade; please
send full particulars of experience, age, and salary
required, to P. J. W. Box 52, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

SITUATIONS WANTED

Twenty words 28., and Gd. for every succeeding
( Advertisements at

eight words or portion thereof.
this special rate are only accepted direct from
gardeners and nursery employees.) Fee for having

replies addressed to this office, 18g.

PRIVATE.

EAD GARDENER or ESTATE-BAILIFF

. can be thoroughly recommended by a Nobleman;
competent all departments, estate duties, 13 years similar
capacity; excellent. previous references.— For full par-
ticulars apply to H. STOWE, Grosvenor Road, Hands-
worth, Birmingham.

‘IR ROBERT KINDERSLEY, Bart., highly
ኦ recommends his HEAD GARDENER where several
are kept; life experience in all its branches in good
establishments, including Dropmore Park, Buckingham-
shire: twenty years Head with Col. Hanbury, C.M.G.,
Wexham Springs; good references, married, one girl
ten years.—Apply FROST, Plaw Hatch Hall Gardens,
Sharpthorne, Sussex.

YNENTLEMAN highly

HEAD GARDENER;
London 15 years (war service
children grown up; 27 years’ experience in first-class
establishments ; skilful in manage ment and control
of stall. —Ss. E. G., Box í T7, 5, T av istock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

recommends — his
present position near
inclusive); age 42; two

"n YARDENER. HEAD, where several are
kept: life experience in all branches of good
establishments; excellent references from — present

employer. 4 years, previous 104j.—€. E.

LAWRENCE,
Dean Wood. Newbury.

(17 ስ. HEAD of two or three, life
experience in all branches, including — Electric
child. 10; highly recommended by
present employer: leaving through estate sold: age 35.—
J. WOODCOCK, Ashby Hall Gardens, Digby, Lincoln.

(' RUSE is open 10
: HEAD GARDENER, strongly recommended by
Sir John Harrington, ኪ.('.ላ[.(.: life experience in
all branches. control of labour and organiser. interested,
keen, landscape, colour schemes, ete. under. Sir Edwin
Lutyens, R.4.; estate being sold—The Hyde Gardens,
near Luton.

plant: married. one

engagement as

first-class experience
gardening; excellent long
Head; interview if
Carmarthen Town.

H F3» GARDENER.
in good, all-round
reference from past.
necessary, — BOLTON,

employer as
Ystrad,

FEBRUARY 28. 1925.

Hear FGARDENER, first-class ፤ practica:
experience, desires re-engagement; highest testi-
monials; married, no family.— PERKINS, 37 King’s
Drive, Wigston, Leicester.

H^» GARDENER, 16 years Head.
9 years 18 present situation ; thorough knowpeda
of all branches. Inside and Out; understands electri

light plant; well recommended.—HEWITT, Ashlard-..
Billesdon, Leicestershire.

“LARDENER, HEAD. seeks. re-eagagement :

over fourteen years Head to the. late Earl-

of Jersey, Osterley Park, Middlesex, seven years with:

recent employer ; highest references for etheiencs, and gord

management in all departments, hardworking, tru-t-
worthy.—H AWRK Es, Culworth, Banbury, Oxon.

I ORME, late gardener to W. P.
494 SKEFFINGTON, Esq.. seeks re-appointment :(-
HEAD, where several are kept: years practical
experience gained in good establishments; excellent refs. :
highly recommended, keen and interested, age 3s,
married, no family, keep accounts; left through
reduction of staff, disengaged. — Norfolk Villa, Glenteld,
MEESE:

(፡ ( XARDENER, HEAD, Vichy ‘brunette:
first-class experience all branches gained at
Brocklesby, Belvoir Castle, Eaton Hall, Lavington Park.
etc.: age 36; methodical —ERIC GOODEN, Preston
Hall, Maidstone.

"HE MISSES EGERTON very highly re-

commend their HEAD GARDENER, where threr

or more are kept; leaving through sale of estate :

life experience in all branches; 144 years Head.
years present situation; Surrey preferred: >

age 43.—-
CADD, 51. Georges Hill House Gardens. Wey-
bridge.

3 ARDENER, HEAD or SINGLE-HANDED.
l life experience. married, boy 11; disengaged.
State wages. good cottage —GARDENER., Box sl. 3.
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

G YARDENER., HEAD, or SINGLE -

HANDED. life experience, Inside and Out. fruit.
flowers, vegetables, Carnations © ዜ speciality, hard-
working and reliable. age 36, married. 2 boys.—G. NEW-
BERY, The Park Cottage, Bromley Road, Catford. S. E.6.

— —— ——

( RCHID GROWER, life
situation;

ferred.—W. Wa
Garden, W.C. 2.

experience. seeks
well-known man, private collection pre-
Box 62, 5, Tavistock Street. Covent

NARDENER, HEAD WORKING,
Z two or more kept.
keen, reliable, age 32.

8. L. P., Box 73. 5,
W.C.2.

where
experience Inside and Out.
married, excellent. references. —
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,

YARDENER, HEAD WORKING, four or
more kept; life experience Inside and Out, in good
establishments; excellent references: age 37: married.
one child.—W. G., Box 69, 5. Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C.2.

STODDART, Esq..
his HEAD

W. highly recommends

W ORKING GARDENER where
four or more are kept; 15 vears’ practical ex-
perience in large establishments, 24 years in present
situation; age 31. married, no family.—Apply, P-
SLOANE, Tudor House Gardens, Tudor Road. New
Barnet.

NARDENER, HEAD WORKING. wher

XY others are kept, practical experience all branches.

capable. trustworthy. well recommended, used toe
selling surplus produce; 4 years present — place:
married. age 39.—A. J. SN, Box 72, 5, Tavistock
Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2.

11:5 WORKING GARDENER, well re-
commended: 13 years practical experience, pleasure
grounds, kitchen gardens, greenhouses, rockeries: good
references; 32; married. boy 5.—WEENKS. 53, Shirles
Park Road, Addiscombe, Croydon.

Y ARDENEHR, HEAD WORKING, ።.ዥክ-
re-engagement; lite experience in all branches and

the management of a good establishinent ; thoroughly
recommended: 6 years present place as Head: married.

age 40, ex-service.— STEVENS., Cuffnell’s Gardens, Lynd-
hurst. Hants.
ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, in Ox-

A fordshire. requires situation where several are kept:
age 49; married. no family. Good manager: life experi-
ence ; "highest references: also. bees. and poultry.—
i W. T. Box 70, 5. ‘Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,

A2.

5 9 ee
FEBRUARY 28, 1925 THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. xvii
'YXARDENER, HEAD WORKING, where OREMAN, Inside or Second; good all- | yo MAN, 22. seeks situation as
two or more are kept; experience gained 18 good . round experience in first-class establishments, | — 1 IMPROVER: keen on his work: good refs. -
establishments: age — 30. married when — suited.—- including Hackwood and Buscot Park: excellent . W. HOWES, c/o Mrs. Spencer, — Chapel 3 Lane,
EGGLETON. Gardens, Woodhateh Lodge, Relgate, | feferences ; married, one, ርከበሰ--በ.. PRITCHARD, | Habrough. 5 ተ
— Northlands (Gardens. Landford, Salisbury. — — 5 ና መ መ ውመን — መ
D | - .
— » — —— — ee, MPROVER. age 174. Inside and Out. 2
: , ር : OREMAN. Inside, or Inside and Out: years’ experience. bothy preferred: good references.—
N RS. COLE, Sherfield Hal, will be 10 veurs' experience: age 28: good references.— We GRISTWOOD, Rose Cottage, — Hagley Road.
À pleased to recommend J. KEITH as HEAD Apply ALF. Box 720 5 Tavistock Street, Covent Stourbridge.
WORKING GARDENER. where two or more are kept. | Garden, W.C. 2. - i — —

life experience, excellent references, age 34, married, 2
children.—The Gardens. Shertield Hall, Basingstoke.

H EAD WORKING GARDENER © seeks
situation. experienced in all branches. Inside and
Out-—HEAD GARDENER, Houndswood Lodge, Radlett.

NARDENER. HEAD WORKING, requires

situation: life experience Inside and Out; good

references: age 32: married when suited.—S. F. Box 59,
5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

NARDENER,

three or more are kept;
branches; age 39, married:
E. J. P. 20, East Street,

HEAD WORKING, where
life experience in 'all
excellent references.—

Bridport, Dorset.

EAD WORKING GARDENER seeks

situation: life experience ; Inside or Out;
married, no family, age 35 years; well recom-
mended.—A. PRIOR, Folly Court Gardens, Woking-
ham.

— —— - == — — — — — — — —

— ፦---፦.።መሙ

ARDENER. HEAD WORKING, seeks
re-engagement. life experience Inside and Out.

including fruit, flowers, vegetables. age 37. 3 years
present Head. one child.—GREGORY, Broadwell Hill.
Moreton-in-Marsh, Glos.

EAD WORKING GARDENER seeks
situation. thoroughly experienced all branches;

married, no family; well recommended.—MURBY, The
Grange, Sutton Courtney, Berks.

(1

ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED, or other-

wise: good experience Inside and Out; age 25
vrs.; married.—W. SOWDEN, Lea Farm Cottage.
Garston, near Watford. Herts.

SINGLE-HANDED, or with

(3 ARDENER,
W help: life experience, good references, married,
four children, school age, wife could assist occasionally If
required.—LYONs, c/o Wills & Segar, Kensington,

London, S.W. 7.

A capable MAN seeks charge of a well-kept
pu garden in London district, or south, conversant
with all branches of the profession; age 35; married,
without children. —M ETHODICAL, Box 71, 5, Tavistock
Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2.

*"ARDENER, SECOND, or SINGLE.
HANDED. 36; married; life experience, fruit,

flowers, vegetables, herbaceous borders, lawns; excellent
refs.; last situation three years; no objection locality ;
disengaged ; 35/- weekly.—BUTLER, Carterton, Clanfleld.

YARDENER, SECOND, Inside, or Inside
JN and Out. age 27; good references; bothy, and
Midlands preferred.—W. THOMAS, Doddington Gardens,
Nantwich, Cheshire.

^YARDENER, SECOND, Inside, or Inside
፳፻ and Out: 11 years’ general and practical experience ;
age 56. married, no family; excellent references.—C.
SNEWIN, Grange Farm Cottages, Chartridge, Chesham,
Bucks.

ፍክ... Inside or Inside and Out; age
ኔ › 26; experienced all branches; excellent references;
bothy preferred.—W. SIMMS, Parham House Gardens,
Pulborough.

N R. H. LLOYD, The
Water, Welwyn, confidently recommends 8.
WILMOTT as SECOND GARDENER in good estab-
lishment; thorough experience Inside and Out; age
27; marrled when suited; please state wages.

Gardens, Tewin

Y ARDENER, UNDER, Mr. Currie,

ጃቫ Gardens, Foxley, Mansel Lacy, Hereford, can
highly recommend JOHN MORRIS for Inside and Out;
age 20; 6 years experience, 3 years present situation.

TR. A. GIBLETT, Hall Gardens,
LY. Beaconsfleld, wishes to recommend L. BRIGHT-
WELL as UNDER-GARDENER, Outside, or Inside and

Barn

Out, 8 years’ experience; age 26; married.—Apply
L. BRIGHTWELL, Hall Barn Gardens, Beaconsfleld,
Bucks.

OREMAN seeks situation, Inside or

general: experienced in all branches; good refer-
ences; married, no children, age 29; Yorkshire preferred.
—INGLEDEN, Gargrave House Gardens, Gargrave,
Leeds.

"OREMAN., Inside, life experience, Grapes,

Peaches, Nectarines, Melons, Carnations. foliage
and flowering plants, also salads; good references
and well recommended: 39, single —-GRIFFEN, 9,
Commercial Koad, Staines.

OREMAN, (General, or Inside, thor-
oughly competent: excellent references ; disengaged ;

age yey T. LEE, 19, Chippenham Road,
Paddington, .9.

Hacc DCN ከር ወው Pc

VITUATION required as KITCHEN GAR-
ኑ DENER and Hardy Fruit, 64 years present, situation.
good previous experience, well recommended, age 24.
married when suited.—W. MORRIS, Oakly Park
Gardens, Bromfield, Ludlow, Shropshire.

TOUNG MAN, thoroughly
Kitchen Garden and Pleasure
references, age 24. 5 years
situation—J. TIDBURY,
Garstang, Lancs.

experienced
Grounds, good
present place, requires
Barnacre Lodge Gardens,

R. S. HIGH. Manor Gardens, Framing-

ham, Pigot, Norwich. can with confidence recom-

mend P. NOBBS as LEADING HAND. pleasure grounds,

age 99, life experience, Inside and Out. used to motor
mowers; bothy preferre4.

AV Situation, Inside, age 238,

life experience in good establishments. excellent
references. Please state wages.—t. , W, Box 82, 5,
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2.

Yy R. BARRETT, Reigate Priory Gardens,
ልፈ. Surrey, highly recommends ላ. ELLIOTT as
FIRST JOURNEYMAN, Inside; age 24; home counties
preferred.

IRST JOURNEYMAN, Inside, or Inside

and Out: single; 28; good refs.: state wages.—

R. MASKREY, Carsington, Wirksworth, Derbyshire.
OURNEYMAN, FIRST, Inside. age 27;

e well experienced in fruit and plants; well recom-
mended, 24 years present situation; at liberty when
suited.—For particulars and references, apply W. CAMM,
The Gardens, Cliveden, Taplow.

R. GEO. SMITH, Hardwick House
Gardens, Whitchurch, Reading, strongly recom-

mends N. RALPH as INSIDE JOURNEYMAN;
good experience plant and _ fruit houses; energetic
worker, age 23.—Apply as above.

———

OURNEYMAN, Inside.—Mr. Fuller, Laving-

ton Park Gardens, Petworth, will be pleased to
recommend 8. LONG, age 18, under Foreman, three
years here, Inside and Out; bothy preferred.

OURNEYMAN
e to Inside work,
years' experience.—W.

Street, Covent Garden,

V R. W. LLOYD, Rushton Hall Gardens,
i Kettering, recommends J. BROOKS as JOUR-
NEYMAN, Inside, age 23, 2 years here, bothy preferred.

desires change from Outside
keen and energetic. age 21, 6
W. E. Box 80, 5, Tavistock
W.C. 2.

R. H. J. MUSTCHIN wishes to recom-
a mend W. MARTIN as JOURNEYMAN, Inside

or Out; 7 years’ experience: Inside preferred.—Common
Hill Gardens, Cricklade, Wilts.

N

R. GOODALL, Grantley Hall Gardens.

Ripon, Yorks.. can highly recommend H;
WEBSTER as SECOND JOURNEYMAN, Inside;

6 years’ experience; good willing worker; height six ft.;
bothy essential. `

1 EDWARDS, Staplefield Place Gardens,

e Haywards Heath, will be pleased to recommend

N. RUSSELL as SECOND JOURNEYMAN, Inside;
age 18.
R. E. BERRY, JGSpinfield Gardens,
Marlow, Bucks, would like to recommend G.

EVANS as IMPROVER or JOURNEYMAN, Inside; age
20; 5 years’ experience; bothy preferred.

ME; H. WRIGHT can, with confidence,
IVi recommend s. HILL as 1MPROVER, Inside, 8
years’ experience, age 18, bothy preferred. excellent

worker.—S. HILL, Wyfold Court Gardens, near Reading.

MOS MAN, age 19, 4 years good

references, seeks situation, LMPROVER, for Pleasure
Grounds; some knowledge of kitchen garden.—AV ENT,
Manor Cottage, Limpley Stoke, near Bath.

—

em —À —— —— — M — — —

Los GARDENER desires post. ex-

perienced. Inside and Out. in well-known gardens :

recommended as first-class decorator.— B. Fulwood.,

Torquay.

V TOMAN GARDENER requires. flower or
kitchen garden work.—M. D. Box 64. 3.

Tavistock Street. Covent Garden. W.€.2.

[l^ seeks situation on private
estate; single, age 30; experienced painting,

glazing. : rough

carpentering.—PEA RCE,
Basingstoke.

Long Sutton,

TRADE.: |

A DVERTISER, age 46. sceks situation as
4 à MANAGER or FOREMAN GROWER on large
nursery: good experience Toms., Cues., Peaches.
Chrysants., Arums, etc., also control of labour; last
situation 15 years Manager: life experience; could
manage private gardens —PRACTICAL, Box 75, 5
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2,

’

porn Nursery, life experience vines,

Tomatoes, bulbs, Chysanths.. bedding plants, general
flowers, Inside and Out: excellent character;
mended.—FERNS, St. Michael’s Nurseries,
Streatham Common, S.W.

recon-
Park Hill,

(ITUATION wanted, WORKING FORE-
S MAN in small nursery, Chrysanths., Toms., and

outdoor crops for market, very keen, age 32. married.

UE L. T., Box 74, 5. Tavistock Street, Covent Garden.
r4. 2.

(1 giving up business desires
X position in nursery; experienced all fruit and
plants under glass, wreaths, ete.; active, hard-working.
abstainer, age 30, good refs.; please state wages.—
P. A. DAY, 23, King's Road, Radipole. Weymouth.

ላ DVERTISER seeks situation in Market
4 Garden, or Jobbing: life experience. including
landscape work; view partnership.—E. W.. Box 7b,

5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.
OURNEYMAN, 23, seeks situation in

e nurserywork, 7 years' experlence, good references.—-
E. JACKSON, 2 Belgrave Terrace, Banks, Guernsey.

FORM OF SUBSCRIPTION TO
THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE

From

Name. .
Address

59

Please send me The Gardeners’ Chronicle

—— Months, commencing...

for which I enclose P.O. sss ss

Please note that all copies sent direct from
this office must be paid for in advance.

12 Months, 30s.; 6 Months, 15s.; 3 Months,
7s. 6d.; Post Free.

Receipts for less than three months' subscription will not
be sent unless specially asked fcr.

All remittances to be made payable to the

GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, Ltd. and sent to

5, TAVISTOCK STREET, COVENT GARDEN,
LONDON, W.C. 2.

2 THE. GARDEN DRS CHRONICLE. ne pssotuns ሞን

————— — ———

— — — —

ae ww.

+

Ur d GARDEN — GARDEN SEATS, .
woop: LATH — —

the — —
5 WEENSS GLASSHOUSE:

ZO. the. entenme af. practical expetinnce Re
Chan the üuianuldcture ae specialists Jor fo
Wo pore Than i. hundred: years, both in f
“othe detail € 61 their construction ane a

eee

ልቁ
k f

« n i ny” E
9. ues bi d us ሰ a V.

E ው — sent to. Any. — the —
“fo advise and take: parties *

Have. hin, poti - ‘Greenhouses - kom 1841
1925. a record ef 84 years. ot. ‘sound ‘construction,

600ሀ Greenhouses. Jast—others do Bot.

The. ROBIN HOOD | BOILER

reduces the fuel bill and saves labour.
Estimates on application Free. A

THE SILVER M ERDAL

HORSE SHOE HK MLE

Horse Shows got appisciation frons eau RNN

05 “ik H, NORRIS May 7. ሠ.

TRAVERSTON,: Nerem TIPPERARY.) ——

ul He AES wárked. Such. a. — asd
"economical Heoting Apparatus as your Ho

SE Have twas) One: puo 4 VINERY and onr a

tee: HOT-HOUSE put in aboüt 35 years age.. 2j

52=

፦ =.

መሙ! ESS eam ancora

ndun. ፡ =

` * 25/1
` E
7

TA TATA! —

3 ፡ worth of fuel finished iHe Grapes; aad mre 301123. € :
{wert besides: What d pave Sway all seeds raed = —
[ደለ | iUa case placed over Boner 3d. th e, hbt-hedse, Myr CE 3 —
; | Ms gardener aétties. up hor about 6.30 p. ፻0.,. and 5 "ድ
Y P. tures ኋ 1559 49 5. EF. er i ! honos
= . Ache m SOON, as ; hi , ዕብ $, den ከኤር puse qn Me 880 Atten # * DARE m 8 —
E = — Used te the, R. 12.5 ስ አፍ Gardens: | —— OSS SF p cord. — i 5
— noe ER ay "wi t: estie thee ‘Hearing proportion nee: Fi ያህ Apparatus ia ex * part of the. መ —
" የ28: Hokie, LoMaling the Mitt 07 ነረ Greenhouse, As fees on — a 3
EC | cis. R.K KELL & 69, ኒሺ ai ‘BBA, , SOUTHWARK 1...
uL — Dac
VA ya d — a t lagern Livan ሄራ s sii iei የቋ — —
DER CURE Co e o
^ ዘ FUA d 3 X 431 ሠ FUN gb Tal YEN M da ANA — —
የ ri ; | - ie Pee ሰ. TOIFA WAR ሪ 2 s —— —
jn Wo TE — ME US f LI
E: uo > s :; ‘ | CN ተ" RN bg ~ e *
EAS CODE ET
DER Otero Y tih የ TREAN E qa mod —
93/57 WWE ere (Ye Pat tn phim our ex then! dA: AE oe
P * qois 31 tive d yea aster prog Demy s. ANA I
Co MIU E uL fo — — ናካ — S ር eyob ARA es ELS wo re “ል Lor አረ hy act ni
' ተ. M, oe le ater kanan yg HEN} IA ft ነ
1ች፣።. wil nat ds — 45 SAT, hae y " b
OE s — መንት ሚኔ: S ሆች * RAS SERES
d : "X ^ ; A "je | ac "m * y "P j " ነ Y. : $: A — er e Sone
* * ላ * poi —
— ii in din ar i FE sn y S xt a dus Yat — ፡ i 4. — wiih "h pe Mit gg E dms nc Tavistuck Etieet.. d —
BU MERCER ah SE RE ፡ Uoyënt anten, We — Reine Ea 3. ፲ :

ቂነ — es

AERE Be ATEUS- BELECE BEEDSC ANI. “PLANTS.
Malo : Segerablo

vibe
is an w S

ESTABLI SHED 1541.

No. 1993. Vou. LXXVIL

| SUBSCRIPTIONS Inland — Pee pd per annum, pont. Free:
Pastat — — oer ace Covant Gardes, wW, c. 3

“NSE. TROON at ns.

ow 7 HEN CAR: tiny” Hower buds” ERTA

: 354 penche. AS v: Reig 1:5: pie: aut trees om

2820: riy with No 15 መጨ

? eris ——— at: RRL DA HERS ‹8፡: dicun ክክ"
rival. ALE dechariolse Get — t heresi.
81” lah — Moen: Diet) ቋው Rhee Ah ov EIOS TY

ም ንም

i i c nori. — tu.

ርይ ክን ይ UE

234 አጨ mm Meet, lente * ኣር 1.

A NE 5 x — oie qum ፲5. ^
hom "TESTED. SEEDS |

Atirmotive new. አናን

very — ve btalsiable : ‘pata bliahed . i
now 1o CALDWE T ል 552.
Aaa Kuutafor *

et Se 8ዓሙ ፡ አሜ ዱ አለ ዳይ: — — da. id Ai SEE ኤም ff P vt M *

JERPETUAL- FLOWERING, RE |.

tor &he grabo and the Ranjeni, welalognie
በራ: A Ñ 11:5፤190ቫ,---፡..- —— — Xo — እ አወ!
የየም: Y ሳቢ Walking, Fees —

i TN ite P5
, ^
— — — — RETER AA

— — * as # — መ. eese $

W — smi Fines, | Tere, Harty Ririh.
Trees, Berrie. EM. aan “and Petenmial '
i Negbthblo Ard Firer

| = Re

A

CANI: ction) . TE ማቻ

par — —
V ftt cH t t
| i pow y the or show rains

ቁ ህህ AA,

—

que “HARDY. ‘PERENNIALS, 'Alpuiex
foto Clin hers, aad: MTS p

Bock. Pluuté :.

— ARME: ህል Tonea: planting.

> — መመመ ⸗ EE

| ARRA LIES, VIEADIOLL UAHLIAS,

E nodes. ንን

— Xmas. Mont bretfas.
jbengrticuhzs. Permite. |
yes. an application.”

HKC f tur:

E

| MU
» . እ, jo} >
A prey

pao

ከዌ፪ፎ cel me RES x jukka
16 xa gen. Jes Atfostitions :
Piei pysptieor i 148 dane’: Chroniebe "

Me * ien ገበዬ *
STONE Ra POS ASE. Filing MUR ALTI aes

(few Hiüafru es. Xtalopne ብ!

j m Viewer Se€wix 3 3 ue “9. bs d : CH

sent nest. (hee 05 applieitior ሙና sar Ar 25.
መው ies Frm, seabed: —— 2s መ

— ጫ:

BRED

=
E
i

on — — nt seeds. p tha |.
— weit |.
yr guis eS

VEOETABLE |
and tested
— — — e —

"Bnndg ii
80385. 2. Ring Tien. Vote Barden: Landon,

— —

RICH: AA (XN, ፡

ኣር “Bold "Modal. “Rhodri: የል.
(Behe)
Pini,’ 1
2 Set cb- gown Sead Potatis, `i
M POTES. MADED EB. IONS ድሮ CRR /

free ፻6- all tenders, |

— GROWS. 3 “POTATOES, "ell d
tu RS E 65," pew 3#ዞ 39፡93 Hor Tat
e RM satiy enanirfes | soliciten. EU EES,

4, — me 1 —

"Iu

SANDERS
DS SOR x

(finde. ዘካዛ ተዘ edil AE Des: Biare Ar en — AY;

£ «leni: bé sont quesito Att 417). Se

| SATURDAY, MARO H * 195.

— *

—

—

RETTY. MICH; VELM AB ይኒ rt 8.
pus rror PEI BREEN AR seeds ^ da^
Bund. nene; deer - LN Hisar, Ada sues የካ '

— Mire Gardehron, Rand, 1 Londan,”

E A ‘Oberst ተመመ Nue tees.

“Entered at iN York Pont ‘Office as —— matter. -
፡- Telephone-Gerrard 1543. —

4
^ AN ስከ-“ » . «A ዴብ "
è ነ 1 "Y ray ወ eS ay VA ad es Sv ወጭ ”ታ
y ^ * 5 » እ ፆሌ-'” oS ቃው
መለ z TÈ E i 4 * ደ ` * `
1 ፦
— e 3 — em ንቁ ሪኣ . a è

LU: Aput üm iot s-- cnr poe are Jargon: Jex, i 2

tis: ካነ; Tu (32. med 3898: ipres sepyssg- Asnetjue
E 4m dnm omni deny [ኮክ)ክኮዱ- domi
ከፅ t 1ሀካበዝ።። ፡ An hore nae obs; RES MIF:
Seve tajy: የ1159: nt ront: ኋኒተሄ ፡፡ atrae. Notes: angles
ibe’ Leiner fy በኣ. 8፡8: arn shiapsd —
ER, 8፡8፻4፡.) wits tied: #፡፡. ገ — “poled
or wore: Arrears! svp YS 3ipOremmast
ሐ: Mene frd.- sigh ave teste
MEL: Ark. WO QVIS diae series: std os o
Oba. hore The atMaeiveméest s ando ዝጩኣ
io (ar This, or beri Wee: ክቦ. Rover rin iH የ
ANIMATION:

piiks height .

A Aib: take nem dyekdyr are ነባ."
C ganestinas .. J—— poste
T RAS. We sus ሽክፍ. 4.- tullac irme ^ wit: 28. ce NAM
RSS. «lile dm DIT. / Haney? ape tbe ብ"ህ/4.. hen
MA SX ye M) Miete an TE Aar —
dete: ፲. he, Nes CoA Y eph a | Cy eee Bent

fe pont. id art idk.

el, ቋ ገ Nt

As dde ፍር

‘al

j Ab OR. ጠጠር

K "EE ME ANTH
dish anie: -

p LT TRE H:

-ዘዕ6%

(ዲቪ. ኔብሸክፒፉሮ]ጻኔ E — timira Tr petemiat- qat

CX WAN $ LOV gv: ER XGA REC FAEGNTES “11
ie pated without Rely: “ነ fe pr Pii 39 piant. -

ROW AY ዘ (JEn x m nahe peeenükgis:-

decem fewikTet bx Hiii orinar ። VADE 4፡9 በ 1 e

50 POOR CHIE. — Pii ረር
SKERLW XY" SHIRUKUDR oa PEN tale: VN R —
XE — tr planting Mets ለዲ:
een 5፡4 ዲዱ. se ጸነ፻ዞ Anon: Hear el Theses no cep —

ENGL Topo ONTX.. dur pyr — een:
Oh RR su tnter fures Hut wie vell gen vans
net እጽክቨሯ ብሄ hurts nta whieh wih Brow ከና the Hy: atr
/ሽጻኝ6ናቹ ሕዛ Gott: ኣባሽ "ni. ividerets ptis TEN

Mena now 46: fue Prenger. 1106)6- der turds: —
OKELWAYS 3 PON TANDEORT, SOMEREIE

1. ANTON: 8 SF Ew SEE CATALOOUE, puns
ad^ prints

Nav Mais ፳፻ MISI Nee Peg: “ክዛ
eMe mpg s ETE Lirvicurs + Prope. ና። 860 [eee —
toda Eten. ftii Trees Cut Maenes - sur; Put. diat ፓክ |

FA ATOR BROTHEN

— y ፍሽ. T — 3° €

J nest w

— — — —4

ኣዘዞየባ mien,

«፡.#

= MAHL 34. LOT 180018.

pon atarting HW der “early: Ie ju $
foohiaing- RUM dh ieopitive Poretx.: ‘ORDA -
AS aS: Ponpon Show and — enh *
::ጻመጅርቲለኒ.- “ጀሮጌሙ-' Wats. wir. iHe. boves con.
creer nr oe Dade. fü 6 wan nC ur t. -ዝዞ5.
; EATS RS RONA. Li,
The: Nicata Coals,
OREHI ese SRO UKERS, tig

Ine. “Ste einn

du cnius ~

py EKSOS. x JG HONSON; M ANCHESTER, e
—“ Ries tS =

—— 5. ve ee

at S ከቁ

—

8"

4 at Phrae

Ludo E ሎ.
cae | Sa ከጻ.

ድ ደሚ —

1 sweet PEAS S

ም '-

Bes pur ጸክቬህበሽሮ፥ሻሽ፻8 Gh pageti”.

Y &
— — "d

ነ:
I ‘SUTTON. & sons, The e Kings 56፡ከ«6
m = READING. m

'፦ M. DUNCAN “¢dexmn: CARD, ‘Sows.
LTU.. Lawreiee Road, gonth | Totteotam. N 5,

| p E ተው Winter Hardens, Nirien, Petetebouses,. y
d bine Bu bine. bio is Nou d s EE ነ ዴፍ ሠ $9 Ss v yl

— ⸗

8. AND. THEIR ርይ.
Doa -. RSP [ዕኮቋያህታሽ አትች
$ E 6. HEN. i በር ክደህ RENA ካበ

is 55: FUGGE E OE ። HRY PS

— aos
js

ሠ
ሥ

appien: XE XM E 116. te

ጸወዓ.. A e Binge

- ps pt ice ፳: RW:

4 y

21 | VARDIN, gen. GUIDE and CATALOGDR dat |
4 dw Av ዔላ. READY. anda eopy will’ Des sitit Lir 6፡91, MN
ai UNES SENE. SE OR. rievipt of pes teur: የ TEN

AERE ak- HONS.

Ron. ikibire Send domu: we warasa

H ARDY PHIDXER.

HOM dnd — brilla shades
dat new ready Sat Se

iton. ፣ ፡8፡ወፍህህ8፡:-

ን ae Ane
v enr; .
GUNN: C SORES,

E RODECTION.- s
TLLIAGRS “Thoin -53፤ - Pons sold:
gk The. Gardeners’:

PE o prees ህፍ “hak week's

MEE — Nx Esos. Rhee: Ttoniford 254. -
i5 ri pack: NES CHAY SANTHEMUMS.- ው ናቹ

thar. «38:፡1[ሠፎካሦ eat ently ;8QU varle ties: inehiding :
“Not Mise: ፡ 1020 - also. “ከበር Phisygoniums,
PEU Je ls naw የዳኑ.

‘Grand
st SEIN, NU wer. ree Pet &FBOTDURH:

—

— TIR: dá 8:

Todi -"vérietjeu. t atutegnies ans
| Ke AI BS pe M TIN
t 580). ጎ

—

"Us

— ጹ — —
with Supplement) ‘Price 35 Gd. *

EUN Mt ,
"A TU ነ

YAR —— ፲ዉ AK S — ር.

85898. How. ty a ES th Vx sent poo s
us.

—

d LL ST n. à (TEM.

AG rite vat: ouem dà 0000 : AP ተ

‘aiie.

“page vili LA MER. & (80.8. NATTHEWS 7

Pist በገ on 2pplteation — —

sat 2
amptleitfou.— > -
selaput Sor Wes Ioana

y

44
J

SALES BY AUCTION.

Wednesday Next, March 11th
IMPORTANT TRADE SALE OF
Spring and Summer-flowering Bulbs,

Including Cases of GLADIOLUS, EARLY and
LATE - FLOWERING ; DOUBLE and SINGLE

BEGONIAS, GLOXINIAS, HARDY JAPANESE LILIES
in variety, SPIRAEAS, LILY -OF -THE - VALLEY,
DELPHINIUMS, PAEONIES, ANEMONES,

Roses, Herbaceous Plants, and Fruit Trees, etc.
ABOUT 300 CASES JAPANESE LILIES,

Including L. TIGRINUM FORTUNET, L. AURATUM,
L. SPECIOSUM MELPOMENE AND RUBRUM. also
a few cases of TREE PAEONIES, GLADIOLUS,
BEGONTAS, etc.. in trade lots, also ROSES. FRUIT
TREES AND HERBACEOUS PLANTS.

Together with consignments of

BAY TREES, PALMS, ASPIDISTRAS,
RHODODENDRONS, BOX TREES, etc.,

from the Continent.

ESSRS. PROTHEROE & MORRIS,

will sell the above at their SALE ROOMS,
67 and 6, CHEAPSIDE, BC. 2.

Catalogues post free on

ete.,

application.

Sale of Imported and
ESTABLISHED ORCHIDS.

MBS: PROTHEROE & MORRIS will
sell by Auction at their Central Sale

Rooms
7 and 68, Cheapside, Toulon
On Friday, March 13, 1925.
Two small

PRIVATE COLLECTIONS OF ORCHIDS,

A quantity of newly imported Vanda cerrulea, also a
number of choice plants in flower, etc. from other
sources. Catalogues on application.

PROTHEROE & MORRIS,

07 & 68 Cheapside, London, P. C. 2.

MESES PROTHEROE & MORRIS,
Hortieultural Auctioneers and Valuers, 67 and 68,
Cheapside, London, E.C. 2 (Established over 90 years)
have the following Properties for disposal, and will be
pleased to send fuller particulars on application.

MIDDLESEX.—To be

Let, Farm of 80 acres. suitable

for market garden. Adjoining station. Rent £225.
Ingoing £1,350.
HAMPSHIRE.—Small Nursery, 5 acres, well stocked,

good buildings. Price £750.

LONDON.—Good opportunity for market grower. Lease-
hold Nursery, with 660 feet run of well-built glass, all
heated, office. packing sheds. Large garage let off,
showing a good profit rental and opportunity for
development of garages. Lease 80 years to run. Rent
£60 per annum. Price for buildings and lease £2,500.

ESSEX (close to SOUTHEND).—Nursery and Poultry
Farm. Dwelling house, 3 Tomato houses, chicken
houses, ete. 3 acre. Priee £1.400,. Freehold.

KENT (near CANTERBURY).—Small
Farm. Comfortable house.
and bushes. £1,250.

Pleasure Fruit
2! acres planted fruit. trees

DEVONSHIRE. — Freehold Market Garden. Dwelling
nu 3 greenhouses and buildings. 2 acres. Price
£2,000.

BERKSHIRE.—Small modern
well sto-ked. Price £1,150.

HEREFORDSHIRE.—To be Let or Sold, Fruit, Flower
and Vegetable Farm, ideal position. Substantial house.
ጋየ acres in all. Price £3.100. Rent £170 per annum.
Ingoing £1.150.

Residence and 1 acres,

THE

8

GARDENERS’

MANCHESTER.
IMPORTANT NOTICE OF SALE.

“OAK COTTAGE”
COLLECTION OF ORCHIDS

formed bv the late

MR. JOHN HAMILTON
PENDLETON,

MANCHESTER.

WALKER,

This Collection is well known in the North of
and Valuable and
Choice Cypripediums of recent introduction.

England, contains many
The principal items in the Collection are:
500 CYPRIPEDIUMS

in Choice Variety, including a fine batch of

60 plants of Cypripedium Maudiz.

1,200 ODONTOGLOSSUMS

embracing a fine collection of Doin Crispums
and other good Hybrids.

250 DENDROBIUMS in excellent variety.
50 CYMBIDIUMS, fine large plants.
200 MILTONIAS

specially fine plants and choice vorieties.

Catalogues of this Choice Collection are

now ready, post free.

A. J. KEELING & SONS,
Orchid Specialists,
Westgate Hill, BRADFORD.

BUSINESSES FOR SALE.

UBREY ጽፊ CO. Nurserymen’s Agents,
4 06, Newgate Street. London, X.C.1. offer
Nurserymans, Florists. Fruit, and Seed Business,
Oxfordshire. Large Shop and House in main street,

acre Garden and Glasshouse, Fruit Trees, ete.
Low Rent on Lease. Price complete £240.

PL & CO. offer small Nursery
close to Bath, ł acre with Dwelling House
and 210 ft. run of glass. Rent £10. Price for
Glass and Stock £250, or sell Freehold complete
for £600.

UBREY & CO. offer Nurseryman's and
y Jobbing Business in growing residentia] town,
Herts: 4 acre and 340 teet. run of Glass. Rent
£47, let በሸ £2 2x. weekly. Price for Glasshouses
and Stock £450; £100 can remain.

& CO. offer Nursery and Poultry
Lancashire, | 2]

acres, Dwelling House,
7 rooms and bath. Low

; Rent. Price £350 includes
2 Glasshouses, growing Crops, 350 head of Poultry,
Poultry Houses, (ር.

UBREY

Pi Farm.

CHRONICLE.

Maren 7, 1925.

LORIST NURSERY for Sale (privately).

situated in a busy residential London suburb.
unique position, well-equipped, price £2,500, all com-
lete. easily managed, ready cash trade, suitable for
ady or gentleman interested in the growing of flowers,
etc.—Write G. L., Box 23, 6, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C.9.

PROPERTY FOR SALE.
MTRAWBÉRRY LAND. Burgh Castle.

.) near Yarmouth, 2 aeres, with modern bungalow,
bath, inside sanitation, £5905.—HUCK LE, 223, Richmond
Road, Twickenham.

BUSINESS CARDS.

)ROTHEROE & MORRIS, Horticultural
Market Garden and = Estate Auctionders and
Valuers, 67 and 68. Cheapside, London, E.C5 and at
Leytonstone, E. Monthly Horticultural Register had on
application.

AMES BACKHOUSE, F.LS, F.R.H.S.,

e for many years Chairman of the late firm of James
Backhouse and Son, Limited, having retired from York,
offers his services as GARDEN CONSULTANT; 30 years’
specially in connection with Alpine and
Herbaceous Plants; advice given for Rock Garden
construction and planting, also for rmanent flower
borders, boundary plantations, eto.—Address for terms to
Caer Fegla, Arthog, North Wales.

NOTICES.

“AVE YOU PROVIDED? See United
Horticultural Benefit and Provident Society "s
Advertisement on Page xii.

AVERY GARDENER should join the
_4 British Gardeners’ Asaoclation.—Full particulars,
stamp. fron JOHN WEATHERS, Park View.
Isleworth,

PLANTS, &c., FOR SALE.

Small Classified Advertisements. Twenty words
(or three lines including headline) 48., and 18.
for every succeeding eight words (or line or part
of a line). Fee for having replies addressed to
thie office, 1s. Displayed advertisements, 8s.
per inch, or 108. facing editorial mater.
eee CALADIUMS !!—Begonias, Palms,

Crotons. Dracaenas, Gloxinias, Hydrangeas,
Geraniums, Ericas, Lilies. Ferns and How to Grow

Them, by J. E. SMITH. 3:6 post free.—SMITH.
London Fern Nurseries. London, S.W.9.
100, 000 + LARGE GARDEN FERNS.
30/- 100, variety: wanted — 1.000
large fV spidistras for dividing. Catalogues — free.—
SMITH, Fernery, London. S.W.9.
IMALAYAN. Chinese and other Rhodo-

own roots. Shrubs, Alpines.
Lilies. etc. Write for
Kent.

their
Aquatics,
Keston,

dendrons on
and border planta.
Lists.—G. REUTHE,

VALANTHES = (Surplus).--2 doz. Wm.

. Murray, 30/- doz.; 4 doz. Veitchii, 4 10 3 inches
23- doz. just startiug. —SNELGROVE, Roundway Park.
Devizes, Wilts.

YYCLAMEN.—-Cyclamen
leaves : Salmon, Scarlet,
Crimson and White. Crimson
dozen: 6› 30; 106 100. Post free.—J.
Ockham Park. Woking, Surrey.

| .. AND BAY TREES.

established. in tubs: magnificent. selection in all
sizes. Sizes und prices on application. Unique collection
of Palms in all sizes. Prices and catalogue on application.
—ROBERT GREEN (1:11), LTD. 28 Crawford Street,

Seedlings, 3 to 6
White, St. George.
and Pink, Scarlet. 26
DUDDRIDGE,

Bay Trees,

London, W.1.
USH PRUNUS PISSARDII, 3 to 4 ft,
18 - doz.; Ceanothus 6. de V. and M. Simon, 42-
doz.: Japanese Maples in variety, 42- doz.—WM.
BIGNELL & SON, Highgate, N. 6.

SUSSEX COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY

(Horticultural Section)

LEWES MEETING, JULY 15th and 16th,

1925.

Adjoining the Lewes Railway Station.

Spaces for Non-competitive Exhibits.
Particulars and Schedules from ጎነ,

Special Prizes for Market Fruit Growers.

GOARING, County Hall, LEWES,

Hon. Secretary of the Horticultural Section.

d

Mem Wem oos THE 64 KOENE RS! CHRONICLE.

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አፎ buy another Rose Tree

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= The fog rose. tree: is an i initruder | in ‘your
.' garden, an alien in a strange land, an out-
sider in a hostile soil: it doesn't. flourish, :

|. end you. can't ‘reasonably. expect it fo. ——

OS Dont. encourage. such - foreigners. — Buy .
— British roses, grown in British soil, used —
to the British climate. Buy them not only
- "because they are British, but because they |.
. are. better: able to. establish themselves

s easy in. accustomed conditions and to ~
xm . flourish i in the soil they were rearéd iù, -
hoe Up to now. you have never. been able to identify. —
......1ከር British-grown rose tree. Now- yen ሀቁ... ፡-.፡፡
— -British-grown. rose. trees. bear this seal us

/ ሻኒ nm
Ac ded. rtr vien ነ”

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Ue attached: toite Ws your absolute guarantee that
- the tree is. British- grown. Every tree that you

2 es to insist BPO this seal.

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“THE aRITISH SE ረር ET ASSOCIATION.

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THE. GARDEN ERS CHRONICLE.

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: 5 ALL ABOUT FLOWERS, FRUIT ይ VEGETABLES.
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EL CEMOUD WIRE: *

Marcu 7, 1925.

IHE

Gardeners’ Chronicle

No. 1993 —SATURDAY, MARCH 7, 1925.

CONTENTS.
Allotinents in Scotland 1 የራ Botanie Gar-

ne garden—
AIRI , Pons trials at W iste v 171

Arisarum probosci-
deum . ... 165 | Obituary —
Cole, J. W. ... 1፲4
Amateurs’ show at Earle. Mrs. C. UN. 174
Westminster ... .. 15x Hambro, Sir Everard 174

|
Papaver alpinum ... 165 |
Annuals for conse rva- |
|

ዞና Onion Cranston's Ex-
— greenhouse 164 celsior and Ailsa Craig 173
Azalea Albert-E liza- Orchid notes and glean-
beth " . 161 ings—
Books, notices of— Cypripediums ... .. 167
Flowering Trees and Parks and gardens ,
Shrubs ን ... 168 public zoe ... 168
The Story of the Payne, the late Mr. €.
British Annelids ... 165 Harman.. 173
Plum Yellow Pershore 17:

Carnation competition. a 172

: : frui 120 Rats in the garden . dei
Cider and cider fruit ... ü Socleties—
Daphne Laureola ... 173 Aberdeen Natural
Earl. Mr. W. J. 25:9 154 | History Po m. 17:3
Florists’ flowers— Elstree and District
Perpetual - flowering Horticultural ... MA
Carnations .. | ... 164 Reading and District
Flower and vegetable Gardeners’ ... 174
novelties e. S. 169 Royal Scottish Arbori-
— SE among TA cultural . 173
lasgow employees...
Fruit register— Stock and scion... e 166
A Pear selection ... 170 Trees and shrubs—
Fruit trees true to Clematis montana ... 162
‘name, certifving nur- Daphne pontica ... 182
sery 169 Diostea Juncea ... 102

« Gardeners’ Chronicle ”

Vegetable garden—
seventy-five years ago 159 g 8

Inter-cropping and

Hany ——— «ይክ rus catch-cropping — ... 172
nemone japonica . bes Paros a
Anthericum L Piliast rina 165 | Week's work, the . 160
[fncarvillea .. . 164 Wisley, notes from ... 162
Horticultural ecology . ` 157 York Gala s .. 157
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Antirrhinum Exquisite is iss ie * .. 109
Arisarum proboscideum iss ibo usse X .. 165
Azalea Albert-Elizabeth m ss o3 — .. 161
Cymbidium Redshank .. ae. 82967 6667 | (5:95 DOE
Earl. Mr. W.J., portrait of... - es a .. 1408
Kitchingia uniflora — oe A .. 165
Lachenalia Excelsior Seedlings "m .. 159
Lettuces in the Wisley "rng "Tom Thumb Ss .. 171
Onion Improved Monarch. |... ም an ui .. 169

SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE.
Border of Iris Kharput at Pyrford Court, Woking.

TEMPERATURE for the ensuing week
last fifty

AVERAGE MBEAN
deduced from observations during the
years at Greenwich 41.2?

ACTUAL TEMPERATURE—
The Gardeners' Chronicle Office, 5, Tavistock Street,

Covent Garden. London, Wednesday, March 4,
10 a.m. Bar. 30-5, temp. 44°. Weather, Dull.
A GREAT Frenchman once

Morticultural remarked that "it is easier
Ecology’, to learn botany than its
nomenclature" and it must

be confessed that the paradox contains, like
paradoxes in general, no small measure of

truth. Botanists, in common with men of
science generally, are fond of playing god-
father to science, and as Shakespeare has

observed, ** any god-father can give a name.”
Yet the introduction of new names for old
subjects is not. wholly to be deprecated if it
directs attention and focuses it more definitely
on the subject. Such a justification may be
claimed for the recent introduction of the
term ecology into botanical terminology
Every botanist is of necessity more or less of
an ecologist and has, perforce, to consider how
plants live their lives in the household of the
world, and in what ways changing conditons
of the world are reflected in changes in the
plants therein. Nevertheless, it has to be
confessed that before the enthusiastic band
of modern naturalists insisted again on the
unportance of considering plants in relation
to one another and to their general environ-

THE GARDENERS

naturalist was growing out of
hotanists. There is the
classical and, perhaps, apocryphal story of
the great svstematist who, when a new and
difficult living plant was brought to him was
wont to exclaim, ‘don't bother me with
that take it away and dry it!”
Hence, in spite of the formidable wordy
entanglements with which some ecologists
have sought to beset the path of those who
would approach their stronghold, the ecolo-
gist must be welcomed among botanists and
horticulturists as one who opens windows in
stuffy laboratories, lets in a breath of fresh
air and a sight of green fields. The gardener
has particular reason to follow the work of
the ecologist with attention and interest, for
it bears on one of the most important and
puzzling of the problems with which he has
to deal—the choice of varieties. Varieties of
fruit trees—-top and bush---are well nigh
innumerable, and the kinds of the chief sorts
of vegetables are of embarrassing richness.
Local custom is a useful guide. Seedsmen's
recommendations are in. general no less
useful. Trials at Wislev are valuable, but
even when all the sources. of information are
explored and the results applied, it still
remains a fact that only after many vears of
close observation. and experience may a
gardener be sure which varieties are, in point
of fact, most suitable for cultivation in his
garden. And even then the knowledge is
only true on the average. In some years
well-proved varieties fail even when growing
in districts wherein they have been wont to
give excellent results. All these facts are but
examples of the truth that ''life is a relation
between the living thing and its environ-
ment." Success in cultivation is only
achieved when the plant finds itself in a
congenial environment of soil and climate, or
when the gardener—manifesting the genius

ment, the
fashion among

of his craft modihes the environment so
that it is rendered more congenial to the
plant. This being so, it follows that expe-

rience to be of sure value must be local. It
is not enough to know that a given variety
does well somewhere else. That is only, as
it were, a certificate of general good plant
character. On the basis of it the variety may
be given a trial ; but the trial alone can show
whether it is a variety suitable for the new
locality. Good gardeners are, of course,
fully alive to the necessity for constant variety
testing, and like the Ephesians are always
'! seeking for some new thing ;" vet it is. not
to be doubted but that the gardens of this
country contain a vast number of varieties. of
fruit trees and bushes of kinds imperfectly
suited to their surroundings. Nor is it sur-
prising that this should be so. The soil and
climate of Great. Britain are, like Cleopatra,
“of infinite variety,” and it is not until after
an extended trial that a promising variety
may be proved to be suitable or not. The
problem of ''the right plant in the right
place" is being attacked systematically, as
witness the fruit station at Wisley and the
intention of establishing subsidiary fruit
stations. More, however, might be done in
this direction, and we would suggest to the
Royal Horticultural Society that it would
increase considerably the value of the vege-
table trials- -which it conducts with so much
care and with such success—if at the con-
clusion of each, steps were taken to extend
them by subsidiary trials on different types of
soil and in different kinds of climate.
of this kind should not be expensive or very
difficult to organise. Experienced gardeners
are able to judge without elaborate measure-
ments which of several varieties is doing best,

CHRONICLE

Trials .

A striking example of the importance of
ecological considerations and the value of
comparative trials of varieties is cited in the
course of a contribution on agricultural
ecology made by Mr. W. S. Gray to the
Journal of the Agricultural Education Asso-
ciation.* The cereal-breeding station at
Svalof raised three varieties of Wheat con-
taining the high productivity of Squarehead's
Master with the cold-resisting properties of
local Swedish Wheat. Trials showed that of
the three varieties, one, Pansar, was suitable
for the southern, another, Sol, for the central,
and the third, Thule, for the northern Wheat
district of Sweden. In its proper place, the
southern district, Pansar beat all compe-
titors ; but further north it was out-distanced
bv Sol, which, in turn, when grown further
north, yielded less well than Thule. Science
hecoming alive to the complexity of behaviour
of living organism, is fast approaching the
time when it will be able to lend powerful
aid to the cultivator; so long as men of
science failed to realise these complexities
they were prone to generalise on limited
data, and their generalisations were useless
because they were false. Ecology, in in-
sisting on the study of plant and environment
and in analysing the ways in which environ-
mental] factors affect plant development, is
doing a good service both to botany and
horticulture.

Our Supplementary Plate.—The pergola with
a border of Irises running the entire
length, depicted in the Supplementary
Illustration, is in Viscount Elveden’s interest-
ing garden at Pyrford Court, Surrey. The
Irises are of the variety Kharput, which is
also known as Italia, one of the May-
flowering, Bearded Irises, growing about three
feet tall and producing flowers of very large
size, with violet standards and rich purple-
violet falls. Although this beautiful Iris
received the R.H.S. Award of Merit so long
ago as June 7, 19 it is still one of the
choicest sorts of its section in cultivation
and the beauty of a long border of this
variety may be well imagined on reference
to the illustration. The plant is of vigorous
habit and grows some three feet tall. Iris
Kharput was raised by the late Sir Michael
Foster and although the parentage ‘is not
definitely known it is presumed to be a hybrid
between J. germanica and I. pallida. In late
spring and early summer, when the various
subjects clothing the pergola have put oii
their fresh foliage and commenced to bloom,
this part of the gardens at Pyrford Court is
very delightful and even when the flowers
of the Trises are over the stately green
foliage is in itself attractive and remains so
throughout the whole season. Pyrford Court
is in the vicinity of Wisley, and. those
visiting the R.H.S. gardens and have the
time to spare should inspect those at Pyrford
Court. They would be sure of a welcome
from both Viscount and Lady Elveden, who
are keen garden lovers, and if they are absent
Mr. Auton, the gardener, would find pleasure

in showing visitors the many beautiful
garden features.
York Gala, 1925.—1t is with very great

learn that the York Flower
Show and Cala will be held during the
present year. At the adjourned meeting of
the Life Members of the Grand Yorkshire
Flower Show and Gala, Mr. T. G. Hodgson,
the veteran chairman, made a strong appeal
for the continuance of the York Gala and
expressed the opinion that if the show was
not held during the present year the long

pleasure we

sequence of fine horticultural exhibitions
would be broken for ever. After due con-
Stans the resolution pasad at the

ቅ አበ ያ ን 11, 1995.

108.

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held 7 NU WaR escindéd ` ; Financial - “matters
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eventuallv the members déeided. ber ከ019. the ©
“Player Show. and | ‘Ralis አራ Bnaten, which
tne been placed at “dispnsal’ ope thes

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ኣድ with wee ‘Prone’
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ORCHID HOUSES.

By J. COLLIER, Gardener to SIR JEREMIAH COLMAN, Bart.,
Gatton Park, Reigate.

Vandas and A:rides. These plants are best
grown ın pots or somewhat deep pans,
whilst Saccolabiums and many of the smaller-
growing Angraecums give the best results
when placed in Teak wood baskets or
shallow Orchid. pans and suspended near the
roof-glass. Cleanse the plants thoroughly
(rom scale. insects which infest the stems
and axils of the leaves. From now onwards
these Orchids may receive a more liberal
supply of water at the roots and a higher
degree of humidity in the atmosphere.

Dendrobiums. ---Dendrobiums of the deciduous
und semi-deciduous sections are now fast
pushing forth their flower buds. The plants
should be assisted to develop their inflores-
ceences by being given slightly more moisture
at the roots and in the atmosphere. The
plants will give better results if the flower
buds are allowed to swell gradually and
without the assistance of much fire- heat;
light and sun-heat ure great aids to the
development of the flowers. One object
should be to endeavour to keep the pseudo-
bulbs plump, and wherever possible to pre-
vent the new growths from starting. The
most suitable time for re-potting these plants
is when the young roots are observed to be
pushing from the base of the new growth.

Odontoglossums..—Plants of Odontoglossum
citrosmum have started into growth, but
they should still be kept dry at the roots
and should not be disturbed or re-potted
now. The new growths should not be
unduly excited. by heat or otherwise, until
the flower spikes appear in the centres of the
shoots. when the plants should be thoroughly
watered | and afforded more atmospheric
moisture. O. grande and O. Insleayi should
still be resting in the warmest part of the
Odontoglossum house, and will require little
or no water until growth becomes active
again.

THE FLOWER GARDEN.

By W. AUTON, Gardener to VISCOUNT ELYEDEN.
Pyrford Court, Woking, Surrey.

Specimen Plants.— Plants of Fuchsias which

have been wintered under cool and dry
conditions and are needed for furnishing
vases, ete., should now be pruned and
grown in a little more warmth. Syringe

the plants freely during sunny weather to
encourage the development of clean, healthy
growth. Fuchsias are excellent plants for
furnishing large.tubs and vases to stand on
terraces during the summer, and they never

fail to give satisfaction. Plants of Ivy-
leaved Pelargoniums growing in tubs or
large pots and trained on wire frames

should be attended to. Give the plants a
Mood soaking with water, remove as much
soil as possible from the surface and
substitute a rieh compost. Cut out as
much of the old wood as practicable,
leaving sufficient to provide young growth
for furnishing the frumes, and then stand
the plants in a house having an inter-
mediate temperature to ensure adequate
growth. Zonal Pelargoniums for the furnish-
ing of tubs should be potted on as
necessary and kept growing to make strong,
large specimens for the purpose. Agapan-
thus, Hydrangea. Plumbago capensis and
other plants grown in tubs for similar
purposes should be examined. KRe-tub or
top-dress the plants as necessary, using a
rich compost, and stand them in a light,
airy house.

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

e Week’s Work ን

Hardy Annuals.—Those annuals which are
usually sown on the site where they remain
to flower may now bo sown on a carefully
prepared surface raked to a fine tilth. Sow
thinly and cover the seeds with a slight
coat of fine soil. Immediately germination
takes place commence to thin the seedlings,
allowing room for each plant to develop to
its fullest extent.

Supporting Trees. - - Particular attention
should be given to the supports of young
trees until they have become well estab-
lished. In exposed positions a single stake
is seldom satisfactory, and 4 much better
safeguard is effected by using three stakes
in a triangular arrangement. By this
method also there is less danger of the
supports chafing the bark of the trees,
which frequently causes irreparable damage

in a short time. All ties should ከሩ
examined before growth recomnmences to
see that the trees have ample space for

further development.

FRUITS UNDER GLASS.

By F. STREETER, Gardener to MAJOR ALBERT PAM,
Wormley Bury, Broxbourne, Herts.

Orchard Houses..— Bountiful crops of beautiful
dessert fruits may be obtained in cold,
ungenial districts by the use of cool orchard
houses. I prefer to grow the trees in pots
as the houses may then ከ6 used for flower-
ing plants, ete., during the winter, when
the fruit trees are resting out-of-doors.
Where the trees are permanently planted
in borders they will begin to show signs
of growth. Examine the borders for
water, and if the soil is dry give it a
thorough soaking; this will prove sufficient
moisture until after the flowering period.
No attempt should be made to force the
the trees; keep them as cool as possible
for some timc to come.

Plums. Excellent crops of tinely-Havoured
Plums are obtained from trees in pots; the

trees may be moved into the orchard
house at this time of the year for starting
ina temperature of 45? by night. Admit
air when the temperature rises to 50

during the morning, but close the ventilators
at two p.m. Spray the trees gently with
tepid water and they will quickly start
into growth. The following are some of the
best varieties for pot culture: Jefferson.
Early Transparent, Golden Transparent,
MeLaughlan' Gage, Kirke’s, Coes Golden
Drop, and Late Transparent.

Late Vineries. — To ensure bunches with
perfectly finished berries tho vines in the latest.
vineries should now be started into growth.
See that they are perfectly cleansed and
prepared as advised for those in the early
houses. If the border is.dry soak the soil
thoroughly with tepid water, spray the rods
twice daily with warm water, and keep the

atmosphere moist. Place another batch of
Strawberries on the shelves for succession,
and where bedding or other plants are

brought. into the fruit ranges, keep a sharp
watch for green fly and other pests, and
lightly fumigate the house to keep every-
thing perfectly clean. Ants aro sometimes
very troublesome, especially in old houses:
a little bisulphide of carbon, sprinkled in
their runs and haunts, will keep them in
check. The temperature of the late vinery
should be 43? at night and 55° in the day-
time. when forcing is commenced. Guard
against cold draughts when ventilating the
house.

Cucumbers. —- Keep the recently planted
Jucumbers growing in a brisk temperature
of 70^ at night. Do not pinch the tips out of
the leading growths until the plants are in full
hearing, but keep the side shoots stopped and
ticd down, covering the trellis thinly. Pick off
deformed fruits so soon as they develop, and
use good fruits in a young, fresh state.

Marcu 7, 1925.

— — — —

PLANTS UNDER GLASS.

By F. J. CLARK, Gardener to Lt.-Col. SIR GEORGE
HOLFORD, Westonbirt, Tetbury, Gloucestershire.

Celsia Arcturus.—l'his 18 a pretty greenhouse
plant resembling a miniature Verbascum, and
of the easiest cultivation. It may be raised
from seeds and treated as advised for Nico-
tiana, except that it will scarcely need shade
at any time. It may be flowered twice in
the same season, the first time producing
one central flower spike. This, on becoming
faded should be cut away, and with a little
feeding the planta will quickly produce threc
or more lateral spikes, equal to the first.

Francoa ramosa. — The Bridal
also a good subject for the cool house, and
of easy culture. Plants raised from seeds
now could not, however, be expected to flower
before late summer or early autumn.

Campanula pyramidalis. -— Plants of the

Wreath is

Chimney Bellflower which were raised irom
seeds sown last midsummer should now be
ready for placing in their flowering pots.

Pot them firmly in a mixture of turfy loam and
leaf-mould, with the addition of some old
broken mortar rubble. Take care that the
crown of the plant is not placed too low in
the new soil.

Impatiens Holstii. Semis of this
scarlet-flowered Balsam. which is a great
improvement on the old Impatiens Sultani.
should ከሁ sown now for summer and autumn
flowering. Though it is termed a greenhouse

orange-

plant it revels in a warm, moist atmosphere.
and if afforded liberal treatment will con
tinue in flower for months. Most seedsmen
offer seeds of |. Holstit hybrids, whieh
produce a number of varying shades oi
colour. |

Celosia plumosa.--Seeds of this plant
imay be sown now in well-drained pans. The
seedlings are prone to damping off, and

preventive measures should be taken in good
time. Keep the plants as near to the roof-
glass as possible at all times. At the final
potting a fairly rich compost and well-drained
pots should be provided.

HARDY FRUIT GARDEN.

By E. NEA, Gardener to J. A. NIX, Esq., Tilgate,
Crawley, Sussex.

Strawberries. -Plants that ure being grown
on warm borders for early supplies of ripe
berries should have the old, useless leaves
removed and the border carefully forked
over lightly, but not deeply enough 10
destroy the roots. A dressing of spent
manure from an old hot-bed or Mushroom.
bed. forked lightly into the border, will be
helpful in root action. Where the work
of making new Strawberry beds was not
completed last autumn or the ground
not available, it should be completed as
soon as the ground 18 in a workable con-
dition. Beds on warm borders facing south
or south-west and sheltered from cold winds
should be dealt with first. The soil should
be heavily manured and limed before
trenching it two spits deep. Incorporate
the manure and lime in the second spit,
and allow the soil to settle. when it should
be in good condition to receive the plants.
The runners should be well established in
the pots or boxes in which they were
placed last autumn, and wintered in cold
frames or where they have been sheltered
from heavy rains. In planting remove the
drainage materials and arrange the roots
evenly. setting the latter in the hole care-
fully. If grown in boxes they will lift
with a ball of soil at the roots. Plant
the runners about twelve inches apart and
make the ground about their roots very firm
When the work of planting is completed.
fork the border lightly, and if dry, windy
weather sets in mulch between the plants with

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162

NOTES FROM WISLEY.

AN important section of the Berberis family
is now commencing to flower. The shrubs
which form thia group are distinguished by
their elongated black fruits and their ever-
green foliage, and althouzh their berries
cannot be compared for beauty with those
of the B. Wilsonae and B. polyantha hybrids,
their foliage is handsome at all seasons, and
particularly in the autumn, at which time
the older leaves of many species turn bright red.

A goodly collection of these evergreen
Barberries is to be found at Wisley, and one
of the best is Berberis verruculosa, which
grows very compactly and would surely make
an excellent hedge plant. Another fine ever-
green species is Berberis insignis, which has
large, lanceolate leaves. At present it is very
uncommon. Good spacimens of the now better
known B. Gagnepainii, B. Sargentiana, B.
Hookeri, B. Juliana, and the Holly-leaved B.
Bergmanii, which belong to this group, are
to^be seen in the gardens. Here also is a
handsome evergreen Berberis of this section
which. is now about nine feet high, and
which has not been identified. No fruits
have been seen on the plant, and the flowers
have always been nipped in the bud by the
spring frosts.

Many other shrubs are now in flower, such
us Grevillea thyrsoides, G. sulphurea the
Vanilla-sconted Azara microphylla, and Cornus
Mas. The last named bears balls of tiny yellow
flowers which come out before the foliage.

In the wild garden a few blooms are
showing on the Camellias, while in the field
garden newly planted Heaths are making a
brave show for their first year. Among these
are some interesting varieties of Erica carnea,
including James Backhouse, Queen of Spain,
and -E. carnea Vivellii, which has bronze
foliage. There is also the white form of E.
mediterranea and masses of E. darleyensis. A
good show of the latter is also to be seen on tne
rock bank in front of the laboratory.

In the frames by the alpine house many
more Crocus species have come into bloom,
such as C. Tommasinianus, its dark variety
C. T. purpureus, with C. Adamii, which more
nearly approaches a pure blue than any
' other species. The Crocus species planted in
the open ground are also flowering well.
among the best are Crocus Sieberi, C. Imperati,
C. chrysanthus var. Siskin, C. etruscus, and
the pretty, lilac C. corsicus.

At the top of the rock garden occasional
flowers of Lithospermum Heavenly Blue are
visible, near to which are some Eranthis
hyemalis and the more striking E. Tubergenii.
Many other spring flowers are in bloom, and
patches of such plants as Galanthus Elwesii,
Narcissus cyclamineus, sweet Violets, and
brightly coloured Primroses help to brighten
the hitherto dull ground. A plant which will
not be in flower for some time, but which
at present is an attractive feature of one
of the recesses at the foot of the rock
garden is Meconopsis Wallichii rufo-fusca. Its
leaves, which form a rosette, are covered
with, long, yellowish-brown, silken hairs, and
these hold drops of water which sparkle in
the sunlight.

Numbers of perpetual-flowering Carnations
are now in flower under glass at Wisley.
Some of the best (varieties are West Hall
Scarlet, Thor, Nigger, and The Herald. The
last-named has been a very consistent
bloomer. , An interesting fancy variety 18
Jazz, which is yellow, flecked with red.

The Council of the Royal Horticultural
Society has now considered the results of
the Wisley School of Horticulture Diploma
marks, and a Diploma has beon awarded to
Mr. N. Catchpole, Mr. R. H. Atkinson. Mr.

R. A. Holland, Mr. F. J. Lambe, Mr. J.
Birkentall, Mr. J. W. Ewan, Mr. F. H.
Carr, and Mr. V. L. Bishenden. The

Nicholson prize for observations has been
awarded to Mr. N. Catchpole, and a prize
for etomological collections to Mr. J. W.
Ewan. J. E. G. White.

THE GARDENERS’

TREES AND SHRUBS.

OZATHAMNUS ROSMARINIFOLIUS.

BuT for a want of hardiness in many places
Ozothamnus rosmarinifolius would be a general
favourite with all who love beautiful shrubs.
Although the plant is hardy in numerous
parts of the country, it requires the protection
of a wall in most places, and against a dark
stone or red brick building is quite charming,
with its small, evergreen leaves and its
multitude of exquisite little white, Daisy-like
flowers.

If grown in a warm, sheltered place, where
cold winds will not harm it, it may be
cultivated with considerable hope of success.

I grew it for some years on a south-west
wall in a garden a considerable distance north
of the Tweed, and it only succumbed to the
effects of a specially trying winter, in which

many shrubs. reputedly hardier than the
Ozothamnus, were either killed or badly
crippled. It comes from Australia and this,

in itself is sufficient to give one some suspicion
regarding the hardiness of this very beautiful

shrub. It flowers during the summer and
gives great pleasure at that season. S.
Arnott.
CISTUS LADANIFERUS VAR.
IMMACULATUS.

Tnuos£ planting Cistuses this season should
not overlook the subject of this note for it
is undoubtedly one of the most beautiful of
the race, and one that I should have no
hesitation in placing among the best half-dozen
of the genus.

Though practically identical with the type
in every other respect, the flowers of C. 1.
var. immaculatus are unblotched.. They arc
also larger than those of the parent species,
often being five inches across. The petals arc
exquisitely crimped, very delicate in texture,
and of the purest snow-white.

This variety is quite as robust as the
typical plant, which means that in a free,
warm soil it will withstand up to 20? of frost.
It is easily raised from cuttings, struck in a
cold frame in August, and grows rapidly, soon
making a slender-habited bush of about five
feet or more in height

Although C. ladaniferus produces seeds freely
with us the above variety has never yet
done so.

DAPHNE PONTICA.

No one who delights in flower fragrance
should be without the Pontic Daphne, for
it has a powerful and refreshing, Lily-like
scent which will, especially in warm,
showery weather, pervade the air for a
considerable distance. The glossy foliage of
the shrub, which is evergreen, is a bright
and cheerful green; the habit is neat and

pleasing, if inclined to legginess, and
the plant presents no difficulties to the
cultivator.

The flowers, which are produced on the
old wood in dense, terminal clusters at the
leaf axils, closely resemble those of D.
Laureola, but they are nearer yellow than
those of the latter.

Though April may be the normal month
of blooming, D. pontica is often in flower
in early March, and the blossoming period
lasts for several weeks.

This shrub will succeed in loam of average
quality and may be placed in full sun or
partial shade. It is an admirable subject for
planting in fairly open woodland or under
deciduous trees.

CLEMATIS MONTANA.

OwiNG to its rapidity of growth. hardiness,
and freedom in flowering, Clematis montana
is a very popular climbing plant. A young
specimen growing on a south wall in these
gardens has made very vigorous growth. It
was planted in June. There are now four
leading shoots about fifteen feet in length

CHRONICLE.

- lated

Marcu 7, 1925.

besides a number of laterals. The. plant was
purchased from a nursery, growing in a five-
inch pot. A plant of C. montana rubens
which was planted near by has made no
growth.

Clematis montana may be grown as bush
specimens. but constant attention is necessary
in the matter of pinching the young shoots
throughout the growing season. Dwarf plants
about eighteen inches in height and the
same in diameter are novel and attractive
—in certain positions. A narrow border at
the foot of a high wall which was covered
with dark-leaved Ivy was made very attractive
by introducing bushes of Clematis montana.

DIOSTEA JUNCEA.

Tuis is an interesting shrub, or small tree.
which from its Rush-like branches might be
mistaken, when not in bloom, for Spartium
junceum. It has an elegant, slender habit.
earries a few small leaves which are deciduous,
and, about midsummer, produces on short,
lateral growths little, crowded spikes of lilac-
tinted blossoms which are sweetly-scented and,
being borne in great abundance, are very
effective.

Though a native of Chile, D. juncea, which
belongs to the Verbenaceae, is quite hardy.

Old plants are apt to become leggy: to
obviate this defect the shrub should be
planted so that the lower parts will be

hidden by others. Notwithstanding its merits

and distinctiveness, D. juncea, which was
introduced in 1890, is still an uncommon
shrub in gardens, N. Wales.

THE LENINGRAD (ST. PETERSBURG)
BOTANIC GARDEN, 1917-1924.

THE following interesting account of the
fortunes of the Leningrad (St. Petersburg)
Botanie Garden, by Mr. C. Meissner, is trans-
from the pages of our contemporary.
Die Gartenwelt :—

On the outbreak of the revolution on
March 11, 1917, the upkeep of the Botanic
Garden became very difficult owing to lack
of labour, the indifference of such workers
as were left to us, and want of fuel for
the houses. The first disagreeable event of
that period was an official intimation to
the Director, Mr. A. Fischer von Waldheim,
and the head gardener, Mr. C. Bartelsen,
that they were expected to ‘take a
holiday "—which meant, in plain language,
that after a few months "rest" they
might send in their resignations! This left
me with the whole burden of the hardy
plants and hot-houses on my shoulders—no
easy task, with one house a kilometre in
length and a park covering twenty-three
hectares! And the poorness of the labour
[ had under me made matters worse; at
the least fault-finding one would be asked.
"What the devil did we get our freedom
for, then?" Practically nothing was re-
potted that first year of the revolution.

The next disagreeable event was the
closing of the Palm House. Coke had been
practically unobtainable ever since the
beginning of the war, and all the heating
depended on wood; and the big Palm
House took nearly as much fuel as all the
other nineteen houses put together. A large
committee of nearly seventy people, repre-
senting scientific and gardening interests,
and the Government, considered the matter,
and decided that the very choicest things
must bc saved, with as many as possible
of those of secondary importance, such as
Orchids, Succulents, and Cacti, but that
the Palms must go. I put off the carrying
out of the death sentence so long as J
could. hoping against hope that it might
not be necessary: however, it had to be.
I was able to save just a few of the best
Palms in a small house, with some other

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ANTHONY WATERER

Heg te vider

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164

grass, leaves, etc., and in doing this it is
necessary to wear gloves or to smear the
hands with earth or soil, for rats are very
cunning aud suspicious. In ditches, gins may
be laid under water or just below the surface.
There are other ways of trapping, such as
with the patent safety traps, like the patent
safety mole trap, the trap having a cover over
it through which a rat can run. Another form
is & snare spring like the old-fashioned mole
trap, sprung with a flexible rod and there are
many good barrel or tub traps in which rats
ure drowned by falling in water. In America,
a rat guard is used to keep rats away, con-
sisting of a line with bait and tins or tin lids
on which the rats slip.

Waterton caught a rat, dipped its lower
half in hot tar and let it loose, which caused
the rats in the vicinity to leave the district.
The wire cage traps are baited on a platform,
which closes the doors by a spring so soon as
it is touched.

Ferreting is the third method and gives
good sport to men and dogs when the rats
bolt from their burrows to be killed by the
dogs or by sticks. To rid a district of rats all
these methods should be carried out suc-
cessively and systematically. 4. R. Horwood,
F.L.S., Maze Road, Kew.

ANNUALS FOR CONSERVATORY AND
GREENHOUSE DECORATION.

SALPIGLOSSIS SINUATA.

THE many beautiful varieties of this
plant are ideal for conservatory decorat.on,
and it is surprising they are not more
generally grown for the purpose, their
neglect being due probably to the fact that
their cultivation is by no means easy.

This is especially true during the winter
in the immediate neighbourhood of London;
in the country where the conditions are
lighter their cultivation is much easier.
In gardens in country districts the
seeds may be sown about the beginning
of September, in the neighbourhood of
London and other large towns I advise
the sowing to be made at least a month
earlier to ensure having strong plants
before the winter arrives. The seeds are
best sown indoors in a cool pit and when
they are fit to handle the seedlings should
be pricked off into pans or boxes con-
taining light, sandy soil, in which they
may remain until they are large enough to
be placed singly in thumb pots, using a
light, rich compost for this potting. Afford
the roots water very carefully at the early
stage, but when the plants are well rooted
they should be given plenty of moisture.
At that stage they should be transferred to
large, sixty-sized pots in which they should
be wintered; to get them safely through
the winter careful watering is essential
and they should be grown in a light, airy,
position near to the roof-glass, in a house
with a dry, buoyant atmosphere. Towards
the end of February or the beginning of
March they should be ready for placing in
their flowering pots; if grown singly, five-
inch pots aro large enough, or three or
four plants may be placed in a six-inch or
seven-inch pot. The compost for the final
potting should consist of three parts of
good, medium, loam, and one of good
flaky leaf-mould, with sufficient sand to
render the compost open and porous. The
pots should be well drained. Water the
seedlings sparingly until they are well
rooted, indeed careful watering is essential
during all stages of their. cultivation.

As the plants grow from two-and-a-half
feet to three feet tall, they should ከሩ
secured neatly to very slender canes. The
large-flowered, grandiflora strains are best
suited to pot culture, and if desired may
be purehased in separate colours, which
include golden-yellow ; blue, pencilled with

gold; purple and various shades of red and
erimson beautifully veined and pencilled.

THE

GARDENERS’

SALVIA.

THIS genus includes several species, which
although not annuals, may be treated as
such for our purpose.

Salvia splendens and
of which no fewer than twenty-four are
enumerated in one continental list — are
very serviceable for conservatory decoration.
From seeds sown during February or March
fine specimens may be obtained for late
summer and autumn flowering. In my
experience varieties come fairly true from
seeds; if required true for any particular
purpose it is best to propagate the plants
by means of cuttings.

The varieties vary in height from dwarf
forms, fifteen to eighteen inches tall, to
varieties that attain a height of three 10
four feet, these latter being excellent for
forming large groups on the ground, while
the former are invaluable for furnishing the
plant stages and benches. The varieties vary
in colour from scarlet to creamy-white; there
are several rose-coloured forms, and one with
violet-purple flowers, which makes a very
striking group.

Among the dwarf varieties the well-known
Glory of Zurich and the newer Harbinger
are excellent for furnishing the plant stage
and for general decorative purposes.

Seeds may be sown at the beginning
of March in a temperature of about 60°.
When the seedlings are fit to handle they
should be pricked off into pans or boxes,
and later on placed singly in small pots. As
they increase in size they should be gradually
accustomed to a lower temperature, potting
them on as they require it, using for this
purpose a rich compost, as they are gross
feeders and suffer quickly if not kept well

its many varieties,

fed when they have filled their pots with
roots.

The dwarf varieties may, with liberal
feeding, be flowered in five-inch pots, but

on the whole better results are obtained in
six-inch or seven-inch pots, the taller-growing
varieties requiring receptacles eight inches
or ten inches in diameter.

The dwarf varieties, which
flower quickly, may be grown through-
out in a cool, airy greenhouse; on the
contrary the tall-growing forms have a longer
growing season, and are best stood out-of-
doors during the summer, plunging them
in a bed of ashes, or they may be planted
out in an open, sunny position, lifting and
re-placing them in their flowering pots some-
time during September.

During the earlier stages of their growth
the leading shoots require to be pinched
several times to promote a bushy habit.
Salvias are somewhat subject to attacks of
red spider, especially if they are allowed to
get dry at the roots or are grown in a dry
atmosphere. Such attacks may, however, be
prevented by attention to cultural details.

Much more serious is their liability to
attacks of white fly; this pest can only
be prevented by a frequent fumigations with
hydrocyanic acid gas በየ some other
approved remedy; unfortunately the plants
do not escape this pest when growing out-of-
doors, but much may be done to combat
white fly by a vigorous daily use of the
syringe on the underside of the foliage.

come into

SEDUM CAERULEUM.

Tuis beautiful, half-hardy annual is only
three inches in height, therefore unsuited
to the ordinary greenhouses; it is how-
ever, very charming for the alpine house or
amall unheated house.

For this purpose
a cold frame about
tember, and ngain towards the end of
February. This plaut is best grown in
shallow pans, and the seedlings pricked off
into pans about three inches to four inches
apart. Beyond careful watering and affording
the plants a light, airy position near to the
roof-glass, the cultivation of this species does
not differ from others of its class. J. Coutts.

seeds may be sown in
the middle of Nep-

CHRONICLE.

MARCH

FLORISTS’ FLOWERS.

PERPETUAL-FLOWERING CARNATIONS.

THE statement made by your con-
tributor, Colin Ruse. on p. 91, “that while
Carnations will grow well in some gardens.
yet in others they cannot be cultivated
with success,” recalls to my mind an
incident which took place here a few years
ago, and which may be of interest to other
Carnation growers.

7, 1925.

The year-old plante which had been
flowering continuously from the previous
October in a span-roofed house, were moved
about the end of August into another
house, about one hundred yards away, to
make room for the young stock, as the

head room in the former house was limited.
and a few blooms were being spoiled by
pressure against the glass, but otherwise
the plants were doing well.

Within a fortnight of their removal the
flowers began to wilt and fade in a

distressing way, while the buds, of which
there were plenty, also showed signs of
distress, and to such an extent that in a

few weeks we lost hundreds of what would
otherwise have been beautiful flowers.

I was at a complete loss to understand
what was the cause of this calamity, and
only after considerable time had clapsed did
I realise it. In the house in which these
plants had been growing and flowering for
about «eight months were two large soft-
water tanks, which, in our moist climate.
were never empty. These provided ample
rain-water for the requirements of the
plants, and apparently suited them admirably.
but in the house to which the Carnations
were removed there was no rain-water, and
they had to be supplied with gravitation
water of a very “ hard” nature (it is so
“hard” that difficulty is experienced in
raising a lather with the best of soaps),
and the result was as stated, which J think
is an object.lesson for those who consistently
have trouble with their Carnations. A. T.
Harrison, Culzean Castle Gardens.

HARDY FLOWER BORDER.

INCARVILLEA.

INCARVILLEA is represented in gardens by

some half dozen species, all of which
possess decided, if somewhat fleeting
beauty.

I. compacta was the first species intro-

duced; it came from North-west China in
1881, and is now rare in cultivation. This
Incarvillea is distinctly inferior to I. Olgae,
which, sent from Turkestan a year later,
has large, trumpet-shaped, rose-pink flowers,
on stems from three feet to four feet in
height, and elegantly cut leaves.

1. Delavnyi is somewhat similar, but with

a yellow throat with deeper markings: it
makes a good border plant or may be

garden. 11. was introduced. from China, and
is perfectly hardy.

Perhaps the best of the genus 18 I.
grandiflora, a species of dwarf stature, being
less than: one foot tall. The large. crimson-
carmine flowers, with a yellow throat, are
freely produced, and give a very fine effect
in the rock garden or flower border during
May and June. The blooms are not unlike
those o£ Gloxinias and invariably evoke a
full meed of admiration. This is an
excellent plant for sunny, well-drained spots
in the roek garden, l. brevipes has large,
crimson flowers, amd is in other respect.
very simłlar to 1. Delavayi.

Jnearvillea lutea is somewhat rare, and
has, 1 believe, rarely flowered in this
country; it should, however, be an interest-
ing plant and well worth persevering with.
T have had plants, but have not flowered

Marcu 7, 1925.

them. These Inearvilleas are easily raised
from seeds: they ዘሁ true tuberous-rooted
pereumals, but are ከ01, 1 think, very long-
lived.

ANTHERICUM LILDAST RUM,

the alpine meadows of
Switzerland, and sometimes found at con-
siderable altitudes, this delightful plant is
not now so plentiful in this country as it
was in old-times gardens. A. Liliastrum
bears white. Lilv-like flowers of great purity

A NATIVE of

and = delicacy, the deep yellow or orange
anthers being an additional attraction: the
blooms are rather fleeting, but the whole
plant possesses so much charm that. this
fugacious character of the flowers is not a
very serious defect.

The species is figured in Bot. Mag., tab.
378, and had then (1795). apparently, been

grown in this country for some years.

Parkinson refers to it thus: “divers
allured by the beauty of its flowers had
brought it into these parts."

A cool and deep loam suits the require-
ments of this Anthericum; it does not
increase rapidly, but is long-lived and may
be grouped in the cooler parts of the rock-

garden or in the hardy flower border.
ralph E. Arnold. 5
ANEMONE JAPONICA.

JAPANESE ANEMONES are ideal planta for
autumnal flowering. and should be planted
extensively. They are most charming in
effect when associated with perennial Asters

(Michaelmas Daisies), Chrysanthemums, or
behind the bronzed. autumnal foliage of
Chinese Paeonies, ete.

The foliage is leathery, and of a dark green
colour. The large. saucer-shaped flowers arc
produced on stout, erect spikes from two-and-
a-half feet to three-and-a-half feet tall, and
eontinue to provide a wealth of beauty
from early August until the approach of frost.

All the Japanese Anemones are good
“ bad-weather " plants, retaining their beauty
during the most boisterous winds and rains.

The old white and red varieties are well
known, and grow freely in almost all
situations, including partially-shaded places.
These older sorts are, however. superseded
by newer, more vigorous varieties, having
larger flowers and also a wider range of
colour.

When used as cut-flowers the blooms last
well in water and are splendid for house or
church decoration.

The culture of the plants 18 simple: ዜ deep
tilth and fairly moist soil are all that are
needed. These Japanese Anemones delight
in a greater amount of sunshine than the
Wood Anemones, and resent frequent trans-
planting, which should be done from October
to March.

The following varieties are the best of the
newer sorts :-—

White: Beauté Parfait, semi-double ; Coupe
d'Argent, single: Géant des Blanes, single ;
Honorine Joubert. the old white variety, a
fine plant for naturalising or forming large
banks or bays where white is needed: Lady
Ardilaun: Lord Ardilaun; Louisa UWhink, a
variety of recent introduction, and one of
the largest and finest raised. producing
large. bold. semi-double. snow-white flowers,
on stout, branching stems, over an abundance
of olive-green foliage ; and Whirlwind, semi-
double.

Rose. pink and reddish varieties: Alice,
rosy-carmine ; Kriemhilde, one of the most
graceful of all, and with flowers of a similar
colour to the well-known Ros: Mrs. John
Laing ፥ Lovely, à pretty. semi-double variety.
with saucer-shaped flowers: Mont Rose,
semi-double; Queen Charlotte, large. glistening

pink flowers, und very free; crispa (syn.
Lady Gilmour), a variety remarkable for
its pretty tufts of érisped or crinkled

foliage. much resembling some of the crested
Scolopendriums : rosea elegans, elegant Rose
colour: and rubra. the old. dark.red. variety.

W. L.

THE

GARDENERS
ALPINE GARDEN

ARISARUM PROBOSCIDEUM.

THERE are two species. belonging to the
genus Arisarum, both natives of South
Europe, but while one, A. vulgare, is found
in all the countries from Portugal 10
Greece, ላ. proboscideum (Fig. 63) is confined
to Italy. Here it is found in the. shaded
woods of the Upper Arno, and also in the
Apennines, It is a most interesting little
member of the Aroid family, growing only
about six inches. high, with broad, arrow-
shaped leaves three to. four. inches long and
nearly as wide. Under the leaves, which
have to be drawn aside to see them, the
curious flowers. are produced. freely in May.
These consist of a short stalk, bearing an
erect spathe with a long, curved proboscis

\

FIG,

some five inches in length. The lower part
is inflated and pale grey-white in colour,
while the upper part is Olive-green and the
mouth of the spathe is deep purple. A.
proboscideum has a creeping rootstock and

is quite hardy in this country. It should
be planted in a shady corner of the rock
garden in light, well-drained soil. The
leaves are produced early in the year,

having already attained their full develop-
ment in February: they are followed later
on in the spring by the interesting flowers.
A. vulgare differs from the above in having
a spathe without the long proboscis, while
the root is tuberous and not creeping. W.J.

CHRONICLE.

165

PAPAVER ALPINUM.

X FEW seeds of this delightful miniature
Poppy scattered on a sunny ledge of the
rock-garden is by far the best means of
ensuring a supply of the fairy blossoms.
The plant has not the best of reputations,
nor has it a strong constitution, but. sown
as recommended. it will often take undis-
puted possession and perpetuate itself for a

number of seasons.

63.—ARISARUM PROBOSCIDEUM,

The blooms are like those of miniature
Iceland Poppies and their colours range

through yellow, orange. pink, and buff to white.
The flowers are produced successionally over a
considerable period.

Damp is this little Poppy's great enemy,
and is often the cause of many of the
plants dying during the winter; therefore
a well-drained soil should be selected, and for
a small colony a sheet of glass may be
requisitioned with considerable advantage
during a period of damp weather.

P. alpinum was introduced from
Austrian Tyrol so long ago as
R. A.

the
1759.

166 60 |
EDITORIAL NOTIOES.
ADVERTISEMENTS should be sent to the
PUBLISHER, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent

Garden, W.C.2.

Editors and Publisher.—Our correspondents woul
obriate delay in obtaining answers to their communi-
cations, an l sare us much time and trouble, if they would
kindly observe the notice printed weekly to the effect that
ull letters relating to financial matters and to advertise-
ments should be addressed to the PUBLISHER; and that
all communications intended for publication or referring
to the literary department, and all plants to be named
should be directed tothe EDITORS. The two departments.
Publishing and Editorial, are distinct, and much ur-
necessary delay and confusion arise wher letters ave
:47ፃ”«ቨሦርሮ*“"".

Local News.—Correspondents will greatly oblige by sending
to the Editors early intelligence of local events likely to be
of interest to our readers.

Urgent Communications.—7/ sent by telegraph, these
should be addressed ‘‘Gard. Chron.," Rand; or by
telephore, to Geerard, 1543.

Letters for Publication as well as specimens of plants
or naming, should be addressed to the EDITORS,
Covent Garden, London.

Tavistook Stree
ommunications should be WRITTEN ON ONE SIDE

ONLY OF THE PAPER, sent as early in the week as
possible, and duly signed by the writer. If desired, the
signature will not be printed, but kept as a guarantee of
good faith.

STOCK AND SCION.

N a communication made to the ordinary
meeting of the Botanical Society of
Edinburgh on January 15 last, and

subsequently to a meeting of the Edinburgh
Natural History Society on January 28,
Mr. F. W. Sansome, B.Sc., described a case
in which a scion from a green-leaved form
of Aububa japonica became variegated when
it was grafted on the ordinary variegated
form of the species.

The phenomenon of the scion, whether in
the form of an ordinary graft or of a bud-
graft, assuming some of the characteristics
of the stock is, of course, not new; but
this seems to be the first recorded case of
the kind in Aucuba, and it is an interesting
addition to a considerable number of already
well-known instances of infection of the
scion by the stock.

It may be assumed that in most cases
where the stock and scion differ in some
important respect some influence is produced
upon the one by the other, although, owing
to the close affinity between them, in some
cases the change may be so slight as to be
imperceptible. This influence may, of course,
be exerted in different ways. In the case
of Apples and Pears grafted on Paradise
and Quince stocks respectively, it seems to
lie chiefly in some form of control of the
vital energies of the scion, producing 1688
vigorous vegetative growth, and promoting
earlier fruitfulness. At any rate, this seems
to be what occurs in the great majority of

the plants grafted on these stocks. But
when the same varieties are grafted on
*free" Apple and Pear stocks there is no

such restriction of growth. In some other
cases the stock does not appear to exert
any appreciable influence on the scion, as
when, for example, the Manna Ash (Fraxinus
Ornus) is grafted on the common Ash
(F. excelsior), in which the comparatively
moderate rate of growth in girth of the
scion does not seem to be effected by the
much more vigorous growth in girth of the
stock. In many other instances the reverse
is the case, and the more robust.growing
scions maintain throughout life their pre-
dominence over their less vigorous stocks,
producing in some instances somewhat
grotesque specimens. Again, Rose raisers
know, although it is not always perceptible
to cultivators of the flower, that certain
stocks on which they are budded exercise a
more marked influence on the scions than
others, and many other instances of this
might be cited.

As a rule the stock and scion belong to
different species of the same genus, or to
species of different genera of the same
natural order, and it is a curious fact, as
was demonstrated by the interesting exhibit

THE GARDENERS’

— —— ው ·—

of Messrs. James Veitch and Sons at the
great International Exhibition in 1912, that
although it seems possible to. intergraft
almost any of the plants belonging to the
same natural order, a limit seems to be set
here, unless it be the case, as is recorded
by Louden in his Gardeners’ Magazine for
1838 (Vol. XIV, p. 193), on the authority of
the American Consul at Malta, that the
Maltese, or Blood, Orange is the result of
grafting the ordinary Sweet Orange on the
Pomegranate, which belongs to a somewhat
distantly related order.*

But there are also many instances in
which instead of the stock exerting an
influence on the scion, the later produces
& very marked change on the stock. One of
the earliest references to an instance of this
occurs in an article in The Gardeners’ Chronicle
for 1841 (Vol. I, p. 307), where an account
is given of a case where a bud of a
variegated White Jasmine was inserted in

the bark of Jasminum revolutum, and
although the bud did not grow the bark
lived and adhered and such was its

influence on the revolute Jasmine that it
became variegated. A similar case to this
is that of the golden-leaved Laburnum
(Laburnum vulgare aureum, or chrysophyllum)
where, as is well-known to propagators, the
golden-leaved scion affects the green stock
in the same way. and it is a fact that, as
in the case of the Jasmine referred to
above, it is immaterial whether the bud
grows or not if a piece of the bark
adheres, as from the latter as good results
are got as if the bud had developed, the
whole of the foliage of the green stock
becoming golden-yellow. But the remarkable
thing about this phenomenon is, not that
infection from the bark of the scion should
occur, but that afterwards the variegated
varieties should so completely dominate the
presumably more robust green forms. Be
this as it may, however, it is difficult to
understand why in some cases it should be
the stock and in others the scion which
becomes, so to speak, the predominant partner
in the union.

As has already been mentioned, in some
cases it would appear that no perceptible in-
fluence is exerted on the scion by the
stock, and vice versa. Kerner relatesf that
in the Botanic Gardens at Innsbruck, in
1876 and 1877, buds of [ris Kochii were
grafted on I. florentina, and vice versa, but
the scions were unaltered by the operation.
He also relates] that considerably over a
century ago, in the Botanic Garden at
Vienna, Jacquin inserted a bud from a
female plant of Ginkgo biloba into a young
male tree of the same species, and from
this bud a lateral branch developed.
Kerner states that this is now “a mighty
tree with a number of branches bearing
male flowers, and one large branch bearing
female flowers. The notable thing about the
tree is that the grafted branch follows a
course of development which is obviously
different from that of the stock. Every
year in the spring it puts forth foliage
about fourteen days later than the male
branches, and in the autumn its leaves are
still green long after the rest have turned
yellow and, for the most part, fallen off.
From this instance we may infer that the
shoots developed from the grafted bud
adhere with the greatest tenacity even to
individual characteristics, and do not suffer
the substratum to affect them even in
respect of their annual development."$ We

* I have not been able to confirm or refute this state-
ment from any subsequent record.—A. D. R.

t Natural History of Plants (English Translation).
Vol. II, p. 571.

t Loc. cit., p. 572.

$ A few years ago I came across a similar case at
Musselburgh, Midlothian. A common Lime had been
grafted, at a considerable height from the ground, with
Tilia petiolaris, I think. The common Lime stock had
been allowed to grow, and when I saw the tree in
autumn the branches of the stock were defoliated.
while those of the graft were clothed with green
foliage. A. D. R.

NOU

MaRCH 7, 1925.

——Ó mem sy —

have a familiar example of the same
phenomenon in the case of several varieties
of fruit, as for example Apples, grafted on
a single stock, which may & large tree.
In such cases each variety seems to adhere
to ite individual characteristics, but it would
be a bold assertion to state that such
fruits were in every respect identical with
fruits of the same varieties grafted severally
on stocks of a different kind, and grown
under the same cultural and other
conditions.

But of all cases of infection of the stock
by the scion, the so-called graft hybrids
are the most perplexing, owing to the fact
that, in addition to changes which are
produced in the internal anatomy and
otherwise by the union, flowers more or
less intermediate in character between those
of the stock and scion are produced
sexually. The most familiar instance of this
is, of course, Laburnum Adami. According
to Schnittspsahns, as related by Kerner,*
* this anomalous form of Cytisus was first pro-
duced at Vitry, near Paris, in the year 1826,
by a grower named Adam, who inserted a bud
of C. purpureus into a stock of C. Laburnum.
The shoot, which sprang from the bud, was
not & pure branch of C. purpureus, but had
characteristics derived both from C. purpureus
and from C. Laburnum. Buds for propaga-
ting C. Adami were sent from Vitry to
gardens all over Europe, and were in some
cases inserted into stocks of C. Laburnum,
and in other cases into stocks of C. Jacquin-
ianus and C. alpinus. In many cases gardeners
grafted buds of C. purpureus in addition to
those of C. Adami on to the same stocks,
and thus produced shrubs of most extra-
ordinary appearance. Of the branches some
resembled C. Laburnum, C. Jacquinianus, or
C. alpinus, others Cytisus Adami, and others
again C. purpureus; and amongst the racemes
were many which bore the ordinary flowers
of C. Adami, interspersed with a few blossoms
of C. Laburnum, and others in whose flowers
a mixture of the properties of C. Laburnum
and C. purpureus was apparent. The fact
of main interest, however, is that cuttings
from Adam's original plant (the alleged graft-
hybrid of C. Laburnum and C. purpureus)
should bear not only flowers of an inter-
mediate type (as might be looked for in a
hybrid) but that on certain branches the
flowers break back (or revert) to the pure
form of one or other of the parents, or that
a single flower should exhibit on one half the
characters of one parent and on the other
those of the other parent.

Thus the alleged graft-hybrid bears three
distinct sorts of flowers, and often parti-coloured
combination of the two parent-forms. The
anatomical details of the tissues of the
Adami-forms have been examined and com-
pared with those of the two parent-forms
by Macfarlane. It appears that the tissues
show a remarkable mingling of the two
parent forms. In some the one, in others the
other parent-form predominates. Though in
the flowers (i.e., the pure Adami-flowers) the
mingling is quite consistent with its being
a well-balanced seed-hybrid, in the vegetative
regions the strikingly diversified intermixture
of tissues is unlike that met with in any
seed-hybrid hitherto examined. It should be
mentioned that where the Adami-plant bears
Laburnum or purpureus shoots and flowers
the anatomical characters of these shoots is
identical with the normal C. Laburnum and
C. purpureus, respectively. Finally, the Adami-
flowers never ripen seeds (the ovules being
malformed), though when the parent-forms
occur upon lt they ripen fruit and seed."

Then there are the Crataego-Mespilus graft
hybrids, C.-M. Dardari, and C.-M. Asniereaii,
which arose from the Hawthorn on which
a Medlar (Mespilus germanica) had been
grafted, and which appeared in the garden
of M. Damar, at Bronvaux, near Metz. The
behaviour of*these plants is similar to that

* Natural History of Plants

Vol. 11.. p. 570).

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168

two-parts fibrous peat, one part fibrous loam
with all the earthy particles removed, and one
part live Spagnum-moss, all. thoroughly mixed
together. The pots used should be thoroughly
clean, and sufficiently large to permit. the
plants to develop undisturbed) for one or. two
seasons.

Water should be applied to the
potted plants with oxtreme care until the
young roots have entered freely into the new
material. When the plants are thoroughly
established a liberal supply of water may be
given; in fact they must not be allowed to
become dry at the roots for any length of
time or they will suffer. They must bc pro-
tected from strong sunshine. It is obvious
that many of the present day hybrids with
their complex parentage will vary in regard to
constitution, and it is advisable to place the

weaker growers together where they may
receive special attention. The observant
grower wil notice that some Cypripediums

delight in more heat than others, and these
should be placed at the warmer end of the
house; on the contrary some will thrive best.
at the cooler end of the structure. Cleanliness
is the greatest aid to good cultivation, and
the plants should be kept free from insect
pests and from dirt deposit on their leaves.

The species, varieties and hybrids of the
green-leaved section are so numerous and
their colours so varied that there are sufficient
to satisfy all individual tastes.

The tessellated-leaved section includes all
species and hybrids with tessellated leaves, of
which perhaps C. Maudiae is the best known
example. These will thrive under precisely
the same conditions as the green-leaved
section, with the only exception that they are
best potted in peat fibre and Sphagnum moss
in equal proportions. Being of a less robust
nature they are more readily attacked by
thrips and other insect pests, hence a closer
watch is necessary in their case. Water
should be applied to the roots with extreme
care at all seasons.

The bellatulum section comprises C. bella-
tulum, C. niveum, C. Godefroyae, C. concolor,
and all hybrids which have one or the other
of these species as a parent, and consists of
plants of great beauty, and in some cases of
diffieult culture.

Members of this group of Orchids should
be grown in a position near to the roof
glass, where they are not likely to receive any
over-head water from the syringe, and where
they will receive only sufficient shade to
prevent thom from being scorched by the sun.
The compost for these plants should consist of
one part peat fibre, two parts loam fibre, the
other part made up of lime stone brokem
finely, and coarsely broken leaves. Pans or
half-pota provide the best receptacles, and
these should have ample drainage material.
Watering should be done with care until
the plants are established, but afterwards
an abundance of moisture may be given
these Orchids the whole year round.

The South American species, now known
as Selenipediums, were at one time very
popular, and comprise many plants of great
beauty, and if such kinds as C. caudatum
could be obtained in quantity, as was the
case in the past, no doubt there would ከር
a great demand for them.

There are several very interesting hybrids
in this section which are deserving of
more extended cultivation, but generally
speaking, the members of the stiffer, green-
leaved section have reduced their popularity,
although at the present time there are
signs that there will be a demand for
these Selenipediums.

These species and hybrids have extremely
graceful foliage, and even when not in
in flower make extremely ornamental plants.
They succeed in the same kind of material

as the more popular green-leaved kinds,
but delight in rather more air; whilst in
full growth they need an abundance of
water at the roots, but should be kept
slightly drier during the winter months.
J. T. B.

THE

newly .

GARDENERS’
NOTICES OF BOOKS.

Flowering Trees and Shrubs.

Tuis book* has been writen by Mr. A. J.
Maeself, and forms No. 8 of “The Home
Garden Books," à series in course of publi.
cation by Messrs. Thornton Butterworth,
Ltd., of 15, Bedford Street, Strand, London,
W.C.2. The work in question is written for

amateur gardeners and others who know
little about trees and shrubs rather than
for tree and shrub experts, or for those
who seek scientifie information. Chapters are
given on such pertinent questions as the
utility of flowering trees and shrubs; the
proper treatment of trees and shrubs: the
formation and planting of — shrubberies ;

flowering shrubs for hedges; shrubs for the
rock garden: peat-loving shrubs; propagation,

pruning, ete. Sandwiched between — these
chapters are descriptive ከ818 of trees and
shrubs for various purposes. Brief deserip-
tions are given of the various subjects
enumerated, with hints on cultivation, but
the author would have been well advised
to have carried his descriptions to greater
length, for some are so meagre that the

reader is left without any good idea of the
characteristics of the plants. For instance,
after devoting a few lines to Spiraea
discolor, the author states: “S. Lindleyana

grows taller still, and its foliage attains a
great size. lts flowers are white, and most
graceful and effective, the flowering season
being August and into September." The
information ìs not even given that the
former has single and the latter compound
leaves. Further, | under the heading of
Ceanothus the author fails to explain the
differenee between the spring and summer

flowering groups, and how the former flower
on wood ripened the previous year. whilc
in the latter case the flowers terminate the
current years wood. These defects appear
to be the result of the authors desire for
brevity, for in writing upon trees and
shrubs a great deal of necessary information
must be omitted in order to keep the letter-

press down to the necessary number of
words for a small book. From remarks
made under Cytisus the author appears to
imagine that C. Dallimorei was raised in

Ireland, whereas in reality it was raised ut
Kew. Apart from such little defects the
book contains a good deal of useful infor-
mation, whilst it is well produced and
includes numerous illustrations, Including
the index it runs to 224 pages.
The Story of the British Annelids.t

NoTHING of a scientific nature was known
about annelids or worms prior to 1850, but
since then there have been various workers
in this field of study. The author tells
the story of how he gras led to the study
of such lowly forms of animal life, and,
though he did not commence till 1890, he
now claims to have added a larger number
of species to the list of British Annelids than
any other student of the subject, and haa
hunted for them in all parts of the British
Isles. In this book he has confined himself
to the Oligochaeta, or worms with relatively
few bristles on their bodies. He brings the
list up to forty-five genera, and two hundred
and forty-seven species. Most people would
place them all under the common earth-worm

and the «white worm, though enthusiastic
anglers have learned to make some distinc-
tions amongst them.

This is not exactly a book. for the

systematic study of worms, though any

* Flowering Trees and Shrubs. by A. 4. Maeself.
Thornton Butterworth, Ltd., 15, Bedford Street. Strand.
Four coloured and eight half-tone illustrations. — Price

Os. net.

T The Story of the British Annelids (Oligochaeta). By
Hilderic Friend, author of “ British Earthworms "’:
"'The Flowers and their Story”; *ሩ Wild Flowers
and How to Identify Them." London: The Epworth
Press. J. Alfred Sharp. Price 7s. 0d. net.

CHRƏNICLE.

Maren 7, 1925.

rood observer could) make out a number. of
the species dealt with by means of the
brief deseriptions and the illustrations. The
book is devoted to the general story of
worms, Which is highly interesting in many
cases, including the laying and hatching of

the eggs. The latter. grow very much larger
after they are laid. Some worms have
eye-spots, like organs of vision, and some

of them can not only turn when trodden on
but can eject. a foetid fuid in their defence.
The baby worm may be an inch long when
it leaves the egg, and is the exact repre-
sentation of its mother, there being no
metamorphosis, as in the case of insects.
The blood of worms may be red. pink,
yellow, or colourless. ‘The nerve chain and
brain are supposed to show a clear fore-
shadowing of later forms of vertebrate
life. Worms can climb trees, walls,- fences,
or even the water butt, into which they
may fall and drown. They may be found
in earth. in decaying trees, in rivers, in
deep wells of drinking water, ete. Mountain
chains are no barrier to them, for the same
species may extend from Ireland to China
and Japan, the New World, Australia, and
New Zealand, as in the case of The
Brandling. It has been introduced. to many
countries, but the author does not specify
the countries which were not its aboriginal
home. Many people who have no respect
for worms would acquire a good deal after
reading this book. The illustrations are
well done. and both printers and editor
have done their duty well. The chief fault,
perhaps, is the very frequent omission of
the generic name in the text, except for
the initial letter, obliging the reader to
look up the index under the specific name
in order to find the genus.

PUBLIC PARKS AND GARDENS.

Tue Urban District
has received sanction

of Hampton
Ministry of

Council
from the

Health to borrow £1,350 for allotment
purposes and £1,750 for recreation grounds,
making £3,100 for the purchase price and
estimated costs in connection with the

acquisition of land at Mark Hole Lane.

THe Salford Corporation Parks Committee
is negotiating for the purchase of about
cighty-three acres of land in Littleton Road.
Kersal, for a recreation ground.

THe Urban District Council of Tottenham
has made application to the Ministry of
Health for sanction to borrow £650 for
laying out a children’s playground 11;

Downhills Recreation Ground.

Tur Walton-on-Thames Urban District
Council has approved a modified seheme
for the levelling of parts of Oatlands Park
Recreation Ground for the laying out of
tennis courts and bowling greens.

Tut Ministry of Health has sanctioned a
loan of £9,125 required by the Town Council
of Felixstowe for the purchase of the Chf
House Estate for pleasure grounds.

THe Town Council of Harrogate will pro-
ceed with its scheme for the development of
the Royal Spa grounds, which includes the
laying down of four hard tennis courts and
improvement of the wardens, at a total cost
of £3,500.

tHe Ministry of Health has held an
inquiry into an application by the Corporation
of Hastings for compulsory powers to acquire
certain lands required for publie walks and
pleasure grounds.

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170

have been rejected as untrue to name com-
pared with those which have proved true.

Year. No. trees No. trees Total. No. nurseries
certified. refused. examined.
1921 2,580 267 12,847 1
1922 8,437 438 8,875 2
1923 65,910 905 66,815 3
1094 125,609 8,605 129,114 6
It would seem that the time is rapidly

approaching when no nurseryman will be
able to do business without certifying his
trees true to name, any more than a Jersey
cattle breeder could sell young stock which
might, later, prove to be Holstein or Devon.
F. C. Sears, Massachusetts Agricultural College,
Amhurst, U.S.A.

CIDER AND CIDER FRUIT.

AMONG alcoholic beverages none is more
wholesome than the fermented juice of the
Apple, and its popularity is increasing every
day. Why a few counties in the south-
western corner of England, chiefly Devon,
Somerset, Gloucester and Hereford, should
have come to be known as the home of
cider is more than I can tell, but the fact
remains, and the beginning of fruit-growing
in the West Country—now an important
industry by the way—can be traced to the
planting of orchards to produce fruit for

cider making. Planting for this specific
purpose seldom occurred far outside the
counties named, and until recent years

little cider was consumed in other parts of
the country. So long as I can remember,
however, efforts have been made to popu-
larise cider, and I recollect nearly thirty
years ago attending a lecture on the subject

given in London by that well-known
enthusiast, the late Mr. Radcliffe Cooke,
M.P. for a constituency in Herefordshire,
who was referred to in the House of

Commons as ‘the Member for Cider.”

The circumstances of the war did more
to popularise cider than all the previous
efforts put together, and it came about in
this way. Taxation and scarcity put foreign
wines outside the reach of many people,
and having discovered a substitute in
bottled cider they found that it suited
their palates equally as well and their
pockets a great deal better. It was when
beer became high in price and poor in
quality that working men turned their
attention to cider, in the first place because
it was cheaper, and secondly because its
alcoholic strength was greater than that of
* Government" beer. The beer became
stronger and the price was reduced, but
the men did not go back to it, because
they had learnt to like cider, and some
brewers discovered that in certain of their
tied public houses the sale of cider ex-
ceeded that of beer. This set them thinking,
with the result that several brewery com-
panies have pow commenced cider - making
on @ large scale to supply their own tied
houses. During the past two seasons there
has not been enough fruit in the West
Country to feed the cider mills, and
hundreds of tons of French Apples, bought
cheaply in France in consequence of the
low rate of exchange, have been shipped to
this country.

Of course there is cider and cider, and
the sparkling beverage, sweet or dry
according to taste, that may be obtained

in bottles in high-class hotels und restaur-
ants, seems to have little in common with
the cider that is drawn from the wood in
every farm-house cellar in the West Country
and is offered to you in a two-handled
mug whenever you may happen to call.
The uninitiated person would prefer the
former cider, but the West Countryman
dubs it “ladies drink" and likes his liquor
fresh from the wood, not so sweet and
with more bite in it.

No matter what the cider
become, the initial process
the same; the crushing of

may eventually
of making is
the Apples in

THE GARDENERS

the mill, the pressing of the pulp to
extract the juice, and the fermentation of
the latter prior to the operation of racking,
filtering, and bottling. On very many farm-

steads the primitive methods of cider-
making are still in progress. In a barn or
outhouse there is the mill, in which a

heavy stone roller, drawn round by a horse,
makes circular journeys round a stone
trough, crushing the ripe Apples into pulp;
the latter is placed in hair cloths and put
into the press, which is screwed down by
hand power to extract the juice. For the
most part, however, the old stone cider
mills have given way to quicker and more
up-to-date methods of grinding, and, inci-
dentally, many old stone cider mill troughs
now figure as ornaments in paved and
walled flower gardens of old-fashioned
character. °

Except for the grinding and pressing
West Country farmer treats his cider very
much as his grandfather did. In the cellar
there are rows of hogshends on their sides,
und when they are first filed with juice,
the bungs are left out and fermentation

the

goes on. The bubbling und the working of
the cider has quite a rhythm = about it.
When fermentation stops the casks are

filled up and bungs driven in, and the next
interesting moment is when the contents
are tasted, because the greatest difficulty in
farmhouse cider-making is to get uniformity.

In the days before the war it was hardly
worth worrying about as cider was so
cheap, but in consequence of the advance
in price and the increased consumption,
eider - making is now a good agricultural
side line, and it goes mostly from the
farmer's cellar--except that which is kept
for home. consumption —to supply local public
houses and private customers.

After all it is the commercial man who
has revolutionised cider making, and 1
think the future of the industry must be

in the factory, for the supply of which the
farmer will grow the fruit. The commercial
cider maker has brought science to his aid,
the chemist, the cooper, and the mechanic
who provides him with pumps, filters and
bottling appliances. The commercial man
brings exact knowledge to bear on his
cider-making, he controls it at all stages,
so that he can produce sweet or dry, still
or sparkling cider at will and for some of
the expensive brands most of the same
processes are adopted as in the making of
champagne. Having produced his cider he
next advertises it, with the result that the
names of some of the biggest cider - makers
are familiar to everybody. Education has
done much for cider-making, and at the
National Fruit and Cider Institute at Long
Ashton, near Bristol (which is supported
out of publie funds), a band of scientists
are busy year in and year out battling
with the problems, and they are many,
associated with cider-making. I am con-
vinced that by the combination of science
and commercialism there is a great future
for cider-making. The public has discovered
that in pure cider they have a beverage
which refreshes while it does not injure,
and it is up to the men who grow the
fruit and make the cider to see that the
incresing demand is fully supplied.

Cider may be made from the juice of any
Apples if they contain the necessary acidity,
but pure cider Apples are in a class by
themselves because they contain the par-
ticular properties desired in vintage fruit.
These Apples may be seen growing in any
West Country orchard, mostly old trees bv
the wav, some of the Apples a bright red,
others striped, others a golden-yellow when

ripe, and all on the small side. Many of
the varieties are known by quaint local
names which indicate that they are of
local origin, but the titles of others tell
that these came in the first place from
France, so, in the recent importations
of fruit, history is repeating itself. There

are a few oustanding varietics—Kingston

CH RON EK LE.

Marcu 7, 1925.

mr D

Black for instance, which is considered by
some experts to be the best of all cider
Apples, and when I state that certein
growers made up to £10 per ton of Kingston
Black last season it will be realised that
it will pay as well as any high-class dessert
or culinary Apple, considering that a well-
grown orchard tree may yield half-a-ton of
fruit, and all the grower has to do is to
shake the fruits off the tree when they are
ripe, pick them up and put them into bags.

Quite naturally the improved trade for
cider and cider fruit has given an
impetus to the planting of vintage varieties,

but here comes the rub, the nurseryman
does not grow them. Propagation has
commenced again, but it takes several

years to grow a tree big enough to plant
out as an orchard standard, and never
before was there such a scarcity of trees
of vintage Apples as there is to-day and
never such a keen demand for them. In
conclusion, cider-making as an industry
opens out possibilities for growers of table
Apples. There are many well-known com-
mercial varieties -not cider Apples in a
strict. sense, the juice of which will make
palatable cider that will keep if blended as
the expert knows how to do it, with good
vintage fruit, and therefore the cider mill
might take a good deal of the surplus in
the shape of small and badly shaped fruits
from the market grower, and it can also
help to prevent the over-loading of markets
in seasons of very heavy crops and glut
prices. ር. H. H.

FRUIT REGISTER.

A PEAR SELECTION.

ONE is often asked for a selection. of the
hest dessert Pears, but it is very difficult to
give a suitable selection, the chief reason for
this being that the quality of fruit is in
many cases dependent upon the nature of
the soil and climate of the district in which
the trees are growing.

Here, in the west of England. we find
that Williams’ Bon Chrétien maintains 11:

reputation when grown on the Quince as

an espalier or wall tree, and it is quite
satisfactory in bush form. M
Louise Bonne of Jersey, gives delicious

fruits from trees on a south wall, and it is
one of the very few Pears of real merit
that will succeed as a standard in orchards.

Marie Louise is excellent when grown on
a south or west wall but it is not so
satisfactory in any other form, although it
is an indispensable variety in its season.

Beurré Hardy may be described as a
general utility Pear; the tree is a regular
and heavy cropper, will succeed in any
form and in almost any situation. The
fruit is of fine appearance and flavour.
This variety is probably the best October
Pear in this district.

Doyenné du Comice is the best of all
Pears when gathered from a warm wall,
and is quite good from espalier or bush
trees. The tree is not a heavy cropper
and should be planted in quantity to ensure
a supply of high-class fruits.

Thompson's is best restricted entirely to
a south wall, and from such a position the
fruits are equal in quality to those of any
other Pear, being of rich flavour and with a
delicious aroma. This variety fruits very
satisfactorily as a cordon.

Josephine de Malines is a magnificent
late variety. Excellent fruits may ከዮ
gathered from bush trees. but the variety
wil amply repay for the protection of a
wall; it is & heavy and regular cropper,
and here is the mainstay for use at Christmas
and the New Year.

The Blickling and Santa Claus have here
proved of excellent quality, both sorts cropping
well on a west wall and making vigorous,
clean growths. R. E. Arnold, Cirencester.

- Aih F. : * — — —
— — — —— — ——— et IT REESE Mem
ኣ Y , 4 ; seer 'ፒ

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| RICHARDS'*

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fet BORMANT Fruit — and
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EPR d je TN

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172

THE GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE.

Marca 7, 1925

VEGETABLE GARDEN.

——

INTER-CROPPING AND CATCH-
CROPPING.

VEGETABLES which lend themselves to this
form of cropping are those which mature
quickly, such as Lettuce, Spinach, Radish,
Endive, Turnip, Globe Beet, Short-horn Carrot,
Colewort, Dwarf Beans, and Cauliflower.
In good soil, under congenial weather
conditions, and if suitable varieties are
chosen, these crops mature very quickly,
and may often be grown between the more
important crops to be cleared by the time
the latter need all the space originally allotted
to them.

In some gardens Potatos and Dwarf Beans
are forced in large pots, from which
Chrysanthemums have been removed. After
the Potatos or Beans are planted, the soil
18 levelled and watered, and ዜ thin
layer of fresh soil sifted through a very fine
sieve. On this is sown thickly seeds of
Mustard or Cress, which may be cleared
before the Potatos or Beans appear above
the surface, and space is thus saved in the

greenhouse. I have obtained three and even
four successive crops of Cress from the
same pots when the Beans have been

grouped in threes, thus lessening the danger
of cutting the stems of the Beans when
eutting the Cress.

Another very simple method of getting a
cheap crop is to sow Radishes with Peas.
The Peas are sown in the usual way, but
before covering them with soil Radish seeds are
scattered thinly along the drills, and the
Radishes may be pulled before they interfere
with the growth of the Peas. Last year l
sowed Runner Beans in a drill, and intended
to scatter some Radish seeds along the row.
It was getting dusk, and I procured the
packet of what I presumed was Radish
seeds, and sowed the seeds quickly. As they
seemed to handle strangely, I examined
them in artificial light, and then found
that I had sown Spinach instead of Radish.
However, the mistake proved profitable, for
we were able to gather several dishes of
Spinach from between the Beans. I might
mention that in this case the Beans were
planted in groups of two seeds at one foot
apart, thus allowing plenty of room for the
Spinach.

"Radishes are frequently sown in the same
drills .as Parsnips. Besides getting a catch-
efop at small expense there is the addi-
tional advantage that the position of the
rows of Parsnips is seen some while in
advance of the time when the Parsnips
themselves would appear. That enables the
rower to hoe closely up to the line of
Parsnips much earlier than could otherwise
be done. The Radish seeds may be either
mixed with the Parsnip seeds or the latter
may be sown first and the Radishes scat-
tered thinly in the drills afterwards. Where
the rows of Parsnips are made fifteen
inches apart there is opportunity of growing
Radishes between the rows if desired. I
have frequently sown Radishes in the same

lines as Brussels Sprouts, Broccoli, Cauli-
flowers, etc. The line is set, drills are
drawn, and the Radish seeds sown and
covered. The plants are then set out, and

soon the space between the Brassicas 18
filed with Radishes.

There is a modification of this plan
which deserves mention. The Brussels
Sprouts or Cauliflowers are planted at two
feet apart in the row and two feet to two-
and-a-half feet between the rows. Between
each pair of plants is set a Lettuce, and
between the rows drills are drawn, and
seeds of Radishes, Spinach, or Turnips are
sown. If the ground can be prepared some
time in advance of the planting of the
Brussels Sprouts, etc., it is better to sow
these seeds at two feet to two-and-a-half
feet between the rows, so that they will be
peeping through the soil by the time that

the plants are set out. This plan rarely
fails to prove satisfactory. Quick-growing
Lettuces of a small type should ኝ be chosen
for this purpose.

If a plot of ground is set apart for
Brussels Sprouts and prepared during the
winter or early spring it would be possible
to crop the ground with some subjecta
which could be cleared off by the summer,
and then leave the full space for the
Sprouts. Shallots, Short-horn Carrots, Globe
Beet, Spinach, and Lettuce could be em-
ployed for this purpose. These would be
sown at the same distance at which it
was proposed the Brussels Sprouts would be,
viz., two feet to two-and-a-half feet. Just
before the Brussels Sprouts are planted the
ground should be well hoed and the plants
set out mid-way between the earlier crops.
These smaller crops would be cleared ዐቨ
before the Brussels Sprouts need all the
space, and the soil may then ከ6 forked
over with benefit to the Brussels Sprouts.

Probably one of the most frequent methods
of inter-cropping is to plant green crops
between Potatos, but | am not greatly in
favour of this plan. It may prove profit-
able sometimes, but more often it means
that one or other of the crops will be
partially spoilt. It seems to me permissible
to plant Brassicas between Potatos just
before the early ones are being lifted, but
even then it is open to doubt whether it would
not be better to wait a week or a little longer
and plant after the Potatos have been lifted.
It is a feasible plan to choose a time when
the Potato tops are completely grown to draw
the foliage of two rows together, and then
to plant late Cauliflowers or autumn Broccolis
in the spaces thus opened. When eventually
the Potatos are lifted the other plants will
be four to five feet from row to row, and
this space might be filled with Coleworts.
Such a plan would be possible with early
and second-early Potatos.

If it is decided to intercrop Potatos with
Brussels Sprouts it should only be done when
extra space is allowed to the Potatos. The
space between the rows of Potatos should
be three feet, and a variety with a moderate
amount of haulm chosen. There is certainly a
saving of space in this method of inter-cropping,
but the grower has to consider whether this
gain in space is profitable when the extra
time occupied in dealing with the dual crop
is taken into consideration.

The plan which used to prevail at one
time of growing all culinary Peas on one plot
is not now so often practised. It has been
discarded for the better plan of setting the
Peas several yards apart, and filling the
intervening spaces with shorter crops. There
may not be a great saving of space in this
method but the Peas get more light and
air. Where they are spaced six feet apart,
which is not too generous, there will be
room between the Peas for three rows of
Turnips and two of Radishes. The rows of
Turnips would be two feet from the Peas
and one foot apart. The Radishes would
be a foot from the Peas and grown on
either side of the Turnips. These latter
would be soon cleared off so as not to be
in the way. Beet, Lettuce, or Spinach might
be used instead of Turnips. Early Peas
set at three feet apart also lend themselves
to inter-clopping. J have grown two rows
of Carrots and similar small crops between
the Pea rows, but that is rather too close,
and the grower should be satisfied with one
good row. Cabbages and Cauliflowers might
find a place between the Peas or Broad
Beans when the time for planting them
arrives.

The space between Celery rows is frequently
used for catch crops. More might be done
in this respect if the trenches were prepared
earlier than usual. The ridges should be
levelled and prepared for sowing or planting.

In this way I have been able to get two
crops before the soil was needed for
blanching the Celery. With the rows of

Celery four feet apart there was room on

the intervening ridge for a row of Spinach
down the middle of the ridge, and a row
of Lettuces on either side, the rows being
one foot apart. The Lettuces were in this
case planted instead of being sown on the

ridges. When Spinach was used the remains
were chopped up with the hoe and
Lettuces were planted in their place and
cleared before the whole of the soil was
needed for blanching.

Beds prepared early for Runner Beans
and Marrows might also be used for small
crops which would be cleared by the time

of the Marrows encroached on
them. ] have grown Tomatos between
Marrows, and planted Lettuces on the out.
skirts of the bed, with good resulta.

Another method of making good use
of a limited amount of space, is to mix a
few Lettuce seeds with those of such
crops, as Onions, Carrots, Beet, etc. These
Lettuces Zmay be transplanted to make
good the deficiencies of the real crop. It is
a great advantage to have Lettuces ready
for planting, and this little device esures
a continuous supply.

Other methods of inter-cropping which 1
have tried are growing Onions on a new
Asparagus bed, with & row of Lettuces on
the outskirts of the bed; planting Lettuces
between the rows of "Tripoli Onions at the
time of sowing; and filling the late Onion
bed with spring Cabbages and clearing
them off as Coleworts, in time for setting
out glass-raised Onions on the same bed in
mid-April.

The weather, soil, district, and rainfall
have much to do with the success of inter-
cropping. In some districts there is not, in
normal seasons, sufficient rainfall for the
purpose, and if the grower has to use tap
water for the purpose of being able to sow
and plant at particular times the scheme
may become prohibitive from the point of
view of time and labour. William F. Rowles.
Gallows Hill, Sudbury, Suffolk.

the growth

HOME CORRESPONDENCE.

A Carnation Competition.—The competition
recently organised by Messrs. Allwood. Bros..
is as confusing and amusing as it 15
interesting, insomuch as several varieties of
Carnation which are grown extensively
throughout the country are omitted, and
others not nearly so deserving are placed
high up in the voting list. As a grower
for several years in large private gardens, I
venture the opinion that there is no more
popular Carnation in cultivation to-day than
Baroness de Brienen. For habit, colour, and
quality it stil holds its own and has stood
the test of many years on the market.
wonder if some of the varieties referred to
in the competition will stand a like test.
I agree with Mr. Grigor Roy that any pink
variety of good quality has a better market
value than a scarlet one. As a private
grower I should be greatly interested in the
results of any such competition organised by
other leading Carnation growers. 4. J.
Turner, Moreton Paddox Gardens,

Yellow Pershore Plum.—In his criticism of
my notes on the Yellow Pershore Plum,
Market Grower states (p. 133) that this
variety cropped no better than others during
the bad season of last year. I can assure
him it did here. The Czar variety was a
total failure, and so were most other coloured
Plums, but we had a very good crop of
Yellow Pershore. I quite agree with what
he states about the newer variety, Pershore

Warwick.

Purple. This is an excellent Plum and one
that will become popular in a very short
time if it maintains its present reputation.
Growers in this neighbourhood are quite
enthusiastic about it, but 1 do not think
they are forsaking the Yellow Pershore

entirely, H. W. Stenning, Ebrington Hall

Gardens, Campden, (Clos.

Marcu 7, 1925.

The late Mr. C. Harman Payne.—May I be
allowed to add a few personal recollections to
the obituary notice in last week's Gard. Chron.
Our friendship began somewhere about 1906—
close upon twenty years ago- -when some
totally unaccountable force was slowly driving
me into a serious wish to possess books
connected with the literary and garden
history of the Tulip. 1 must have appealed
to him for help in 1908, for this is what
| received :---“ I have this evening had a
little turn out, and send you the result,
which is something like what you want"

(March 20, 1908). This result was a long
list of British, French, and German works
dealing in ertenso with the flower. and a

footnote at the end states that “he possessed
most of them.” In the obituary notice no
mention is made of the extraordinary
collection of books. great and small, dealing
with garden flowers, which he possessed at
his death. !t is the result of many years
of searching old book shops and stands,
and of ceaseless scanning of second-hand
dealers catalogues. It is wonderfully rich
in what may be called the unconsidered
brochures and small books which are passed
by on the ** other side " as too unimportant
to list by the big dealers like Quaritch or
Wheldon and Wesley ; or which are tied up
in. bundles as of no value ከኛ auctioneers

when preparing for a sale. By these |!
mean such small fry «as Dobson on the
Pelargonium (1852), The Verbena in Tyas's

Popular Flowers (1844), Buss on the Fuchsia
(1883, and Grieve on Variegated Zonal
Pelargoniums (1868). From all I can learn
no such library can be found anywhere but
in that small, crammed-to-overflowing room
in Wellmeadow Road, Catford. [ሺ was his
life's work. He specialised in the literature
of the Chrysanthemum, and he used to say
that he had practically every picture and
every book which dealt with the flower.
The special silver plaque which was given
him in France on the occasion of the
centenary celebrations was one of his most
cherished possessions, and was awarded to
him in a at measure for his pictorial
and literary display. Florists and garden-
literati (if I may use such a big word)
know him best from that useful little book,
The Florists Bibliography. The first edition
appeared in 1908; the second supplement so
recently as June, 1924. The books that are
brought together here in what is now a work of
considerable size are to be found in no other
bibliography. Lowndes, Pritzel, and other
authorities will be drawn blank. My old friend
was very anxious to make it as complete
as possible. Finality is impossible, but he
accomplished much. Si monumentum requiris—
we have it in his unique library and in his
unique publication, The Florist’s Bibliography.
He had his failings, and there was a little
acidity sometimes in his corrections of less
well-informed writers mistakes, but, at the
same time there was within him ever such
a deep well full of gladly-to-be-given help,
which none in need of facts or advice ever
appealed to in vain. No one who has not
experienced this help can realise the pains
he took over these matters. Joseph Jacob.

Birds and Fruit Buds (see p. 142).—To
prevent birds destroying the buds of fruit
bushes use an ordinary whitewashing spraying
machine and spray the bushes with freshly
Lurnt lime and a small quantity of soot to
make the spray distasteful. The materials should
be mixed with hot water and used at
once in a hot state. It will stick to
the buds and bark and besides acting as a

deterrent to birds, kill all green growth
such as moss, also insects infesting the
trees. This mixture will not wash off the
branches until the bark swells. Being

greatly troubled in this respect with birds
we adopted this plan several years ago with
the best results; this. of course, is an old
remedy, but is more effectual, time-saving,
and cheaper than any other method. .1. B.
IVadds, Englefield, Reading.

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

Carnation Baroness de Brienen.—Referring
to the remarks made in The Gardeners’
Chronicle (p. 108) on Carnation Baroness de
Brienen ከሃ J. A. Kirkwood, I endorse his
observations, but would add that I have
not found the variety so free-flowering 88
L would wish during winter. A variety
which produces its flowers at all seasons is
the kind required in private gardens, and
Baroness de Brienen fails in this particular
respect. B. Collins, The Warren, Birkdale,

Daphne Laureola.—|t may be well to point
out that the photograph (Fig. 28) given on

page 73 of your issue of Jan. 31, does not
represent this species. The lobes of the
perianth of D. Laureola are much shorter
and blunter and the flowers are usually

surmounted by a tuft of leaves, causing tho
inflorescence to be much less conspicuous
than that shown in your photograph. The
plant, with dissections, is well figured in
English Botany, Tab. 119. The statement
(Gard. Chron., p. 68) that the flowers are
odourless is not borne out in my experience,
for | find them rather sweet and fragrant;
on the other hand, English Botany describes
their scent as “unpleasant!” The hybrid
D. Laureola x D. Mezereum, has been found
in a natural state in England (see Journ.
Bot., 1903, 230), the discoverer (E. S. Marshall)
considering it was probably Laureola 9 x
Mezereum 4. In this form of the hybrid.
the leaves (unlike those of the hybrid
described in your issue of Jan. 24. 52)
were deciduous, somewhat thicker than those
of D. Mezereum, and shining. The flowers
were glabrous as in D. Laureola, but the
tube was often reddish-tinged. [ trust the
flowers of the Kew plant will be closely
examined in regard to colour, shape, scent,
clothing, ete. and the results reported in
your pages. C. E. Salmon, Pilgrim's Way,
Reigate.

Onion Cranston’s Excelsior and Ailsa Craig.—-
I did not intend to enter the controversy
in regard to Cranston’s Excelsior and Ailsa
Craig Onions but the note on this subject
from Mr. Gregor Roy seems to me to call
for a reply. There is no doubt about the
difference between the two varieties. They
are absolutely distinct. Some show schedules

have classes for both varieties, and I have
often disqualified an exhibitor because he
showed Cranston’s Excelsior when Ailsa
Craig was called for and vice versa. This
was unfortunate for the exhibitor who,
no doubt, was the victim of some seeds-
man. l would refer Mr. Roy to the result
of the Onion Trials at isley in 1923,
published in Vol. XLIX, part 2, of the
Journal of The Royal Horticultural Society.
In the introduction to these trials it 18

stated :—'*1t will be apparent from the
notes which are given below that Onions of
more than one type are being distributed
under a single name. This is particularly
the case, perhaps, with the popular Ailsa
Craig, and is greatly to be regretted.” The
leading award in the Ailsa Craig type was

given to a variety named Premier. The
trial report is:—“ Premier (Dickson and
Robinson), A.M.---Bulb large; solid; outer

skin pale straw, inner white. Of Ailsa Craig

type. A very good stock. Crop 26} lb."
We then come to Ailsa Craig, which was
Highly Commended. The note reads :—

* Ailsa Craig (Morse), H.C.—Very similar to
last, but an earlier stock and bulbs not so
large. Crop 221b." No purpose is served
in attempting to depreciate the work of
Mr. Murray. The raiser of Ailsa Craig did
splendid work in introducing that variety
into commerce, and it rapidly became the
most popular of its class. It is by expert
selection of this character that progress is
made in horticulture. Mr. Murray went one
better in Ailsa Craig. than Mr. Cranston did
with his Excelsior, and now, it would
appear. Messrs. Dickson and Robinson have
mproved on Ailsa Craig with their Premier.
George. M. Taylor, Edinburgh.

175
SOCIETIES.

ROYAL SCOTTISH YARBORICULTURAL.

At the first meeting of the new Council,
held in Edinburgh on the 25th ult., Mr. James
Maclaren, factor, Castle Mains, Douglas, was
elected to fill the vacancy in the office of
Vice-President, caused by the death of Sir
James Campbell. Committees and their con-
veners were afterwards appointed. The Society’s
annual exhibition is to be held this year
in Glasgow, and the annual excursion in the

North of Scotland with headquarters at
Inverness. Great satisfaction was expressed
at the announcement of the gift of the

Benmore estate to the Forestry Commission
as a demonstration area in Scotland, and
it was agreed to recommond that in recogni-
tion of this generous and patriotic action
the honorary membership of the Society
should be conferred on Mr. Harry Younger
at the next meeting, which will be held
in Glasgow at the time of the forestry
exhibition.

ABERDEEN NATURAL HISTORY.

* FLOWERS AND THE SUN " was the title

of a most instructive lecture delivered by
Dr. Macgregor Skene, lecturer in Plant
Physiology, Aberdeen University, to the

members of the Aberdeen Natural History
and Antiquarian Society in the University
buildings on Friday evening, the 20th ult.
There was a large attendance, and Dr. George
A. Williamson, lecturer in Tropical Medicine,
Aberdeen University, presided.

Dr. Skene stated that his
evening dealt with a
hiology at present in the course of investi-
gation. It was not one of the main problems
of biological science, but such a minor
problem about a common occurrence = as
naturally attracted interest. The problem
might be illustrated by referring to the
behaviour of the Crocus on a spring day.
In the cool of the morning it was closed,
and, as the sun rose and the air warmed,
the flower opened, but with a passing
shower it closed again. This was more
remarkable than the behaviour of such a
flower as the Daffodil, which opened once in
the normal course of its development and
did not close again. The movements of
Crocuses, and of most other flowers, were
determined by the increase and decrease of
temperature. In some cases, however,
especially in flowers that opened at night,
the change in moisture might be effective,
and some flowers reacted to light. One
famous scientist selected a number of
flowers according to the time of day they
were known to open and close, and used
them as a clock. They could not trust such
a timekeeper in these days, however, for it
was responsive to one element they could
not trust nowadays—the weather. l

Movement in a plant, naturally a torpid
organism, was always remarkable, especially
so when it was rapid. The mechanism of
movement rested in this case on differences
in the rate of growth on the two sides of
the petal, and this could be linked up in
the effect of temperature on the chemical

subject that
problem of plant

changes which determined growth. The
whole behaviour of the flower was not
explained by this, however, for many

flowers exhibited a rythmical and periodic
movement, independent of changes of external
conditions. The way in which this worked
was scarcely known, nor was its mode of
origin any better understood.

Referring to why the flowers closed, Dr.
Skene observed that the flower might
benefit by the protection afforded to its
pollen by closing against rain, dew, and
frost, but the extent and usefulness of this
had yet to be investigated.

174

Mr. A. S. Watt, lecturer in Forest Botany
and Forest Entomology, Aberdeen University,
proposed a vote of thanks to Dr. Skene for
his lecture, which, he said, reflected a great
deal of patient reading and study. Dr.
Skene that evening had guided them on
one of the most delightful excursions in
which it had been their privilege to take
part—an appreciation warmly endorsed by
the meeting.

ELSTREE AND DISTRICT HORTICULTURAL.

THE tenth anniversary dinner of this
society was held at the Plough Inn, Elstree,
on Thursday, February 19th, Lieut.-Comdr.
Hugh Trevor Dawson, R.N., presiding.
There was a large gathering of the members
and friends. For the second part of the
evening an excellent musical programme
had been arranged by the hon. sec., Mr.
W. J. Pritchard, and there was a brief
toast-list.

The Chairman, in proposing ‘“ the Prosperity
of the Society,” referred to the regrettable
illness of the President, the Hon. Vicary
Gibbs, who was not able to join them, and
also to similar misfortune which kept their
old friend, Mr. Edwin Beckett, V.M.H..
from attending. The toast was supported
by Mr. William Cutbush, of Barnet, who
described the society as one of the finest
in the country.

Col. Hamilton, in proposing the toast of
* the Chairman," said that having occupied
the place of honour last year, he envied
the chairman his post. inasmuch as he
was presiding at the dinner of the finest
horticultural society with the hardest
working hon. sec. he knew, and a society
that had such an excellent president, who
had done so much for horticulture generally,
whilst, in addition, they were fortunate in
having the help and sage advice of the
king of gardeners, in the person of their
absent friend, Mr. Beckett.

READING AND DISTRICT GARDENERS’.

NOTWITHSTANDING the inclement weather,
a very large attendance of members from

the surrounding districts assembled on
Monday, February 23, at the Abbey Hall.
under the chairmanship of the President,

Mr. Frank E. Moring, to hear a lecture on
* Liliums" by Mr. Arthur Osborn, of the
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

The lecturer, who dealt with his subject
in a clear, comprehensive, and instructive
manner, said that the family of Lilies, by
which is meant the members of the genus
Lilium, consisted of about seventy species
and twice as many varieties. The species
were distributed over almost the whole of

the temperate regions of the world. Those
in commerce come from Japan, China,
North America, Europe, the Himalyas,
Siberia, and Burma. With the possible
exception of L. Martagon, no Lily is
indigenous to the British Isles. Full
cultural details of these bulbous plants

were given under the following headings .—
Sowing of seed, raising stock by scales
and division; beds and borders: preparation
of soil, planting the bulbs, protection in
winter, and time of planting; culture in
pots, potting soil, and size of pots. Then
followed a series of lantern slides depicting
many of the most popular species and
varieties. The following were recommended
as the most suitable for growing under
glass or in the open ground :— L. Martagon
album, L. chaleedonicum. L. croceum, L.
tigrinum, L. candidum, L. longiflorum, L.
speciosum, L. auratum, L. regale, and
L. Thunbergianum.

An interesting discussion ensued, in which
Messrs. Reeves, Fulker, Cox, Howlett,
Young, Dove, Cook, Gover, Townsend, and
Barnes took part.

In the competition for
vegetables, for — prizes

three dishes of
prosented by the

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

— — - ጨ መ መሠ ee ee —

President, the first prize was awarded to
Mr. A. W. Gower, The Gardens, Calcot
Grange (Onions, Potatos and Sprouts); the
second to Mr. H. Wape, The Gardens,
Abbotsfield, Goring Heath (Broccoli, Potatos.
and Sprouts), and the third to Mr. A. H.
FULKER, The Gardens, Elmhurst, Reading
(Onions, Potatos, and Sprouts). In the
non-competitive section, a First-Class Certifi-
cate was awarded to Mr. A. W. GOWER
for three excellent plants of Blue Gem
Cineraria. Mr. C. J. How ett, The Yews,
Earley, exhibited a very interesting plant
of Echevera gibbiflora, and Mr. F. ALEXANDRE,
The Gardens, Kennett’s Lodge, Theale, two
dishes of Apples in splendid condition.

Obituary.

J. W. Cole.-We regret to record the
death of Mr. J. W. Cole, head of the
firm of Messrs. J. W. Cole and Son, Midland
Nurseries, Peterborough. Mr. Cole was sixty-
two years of age, and although he has not
been in good health for several weeks his
death came with painful suddenness on Friday,
the 20th ult., following a seizure from which
he never recovered. Although of quiet,
retiring disposition, Mr. Cole was well known
to the horticultural trade as a Chrysanthe-
mum and Dahlia specialist. He was a
frequent exhibitor at the leading shows, and
in recent years had invariably put up a
large group of Chrysanthemums at the
National Chrysanthemum Society's exhibition
in London. He took a great deal of interest
in local affairs, and also in all matters
relating to the Baptist Church, of which he
was 8 member and a generous supporter.
Mr. Maurice Cole, his son. who was a partner
with his father, will continue to carry on
the business.

Mrs. C. W. Earle——We record with deep
regret the death of Mrs. Maria Theresa
Earle, better known as Mrs. C. W. Earle:
she died on February 27 at her home at
Cobham. Mrs. Earle was a keen gardener,
and will be best remembered for her
interesting works entitled Pot-pourri from au
Surrey Garden and More Pot-pourri from a
Surrey Garden. Although this talented lady
was sixty years of age before she published
Pot-pourri from a Surrey Garden it was an
instant success, for it is one of the most
delightful books on gardening ever written
and has been translated into many languages.

Sir Everard A. Hambro.—We greatly regret
to announce the death of Sir Everard
Alexander Hambro, the distinguished banker:
he died on February 26 at his residence at

Hayes Place, Kent. aged 82. Sir Everard
was very fond of gardening, and his
exhibits of alpine plants at the spring

meetings of the Royal Horticultural Society.

prior to the war, were not surpassed by
any of a similar nature and received high
awarda.

TRADE NOTE.

Tur Fertilisers and Feeding Stuffs Advisory
Committee, which was appointed in December
last under the Chairmanship of Lord Clinton,
are at present concerned with formulating
proposals with regard to the articles and
classes of articles that should come within
the scope of the proposed new legislation.
Their intention is that, when this has been
done, their draft should be circulated to a
number of interested associations. whose
comments will be invited. In those cases
where the observations offered on behalf of
any interest indicate that a serious difficulty

exists, the Committee intend, at a later
stage, to exercise their power of co-option
and invite representatives of the interests

coneerned to confer with them.

MancH 7, 1925.

-———— — —

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

CORRECTION.—We regret that an error crept
into the text of our paragraph on p. 140.
issue of the 28th February, entitled
* Honour for Belgian Horticulturists." The
“Ordre d'Orange Nassau" was bestowed
by the Queen of Holland, not the King
of the Belgians.

1818 Lear Brorcu Disease: F. I. The Iris
leaves are affected by the Iris leaf blotch
disease, caused by the fungus Heterosporium
gracile. It is useless to employ a spray
fluid to check this disease as it is im-
possible to wet the leaves sufficiently owing
to their waxy nature. The following method
has been found efficacious in eradicating
the disease. All the diseased foliage should
be removed and burned, the ground then
dressed with slaked lime at the rate
of about two tons to the acre; it is not
necessary to lift the plants in order to
treat the soil. The lime should be forked
in the soil directly after its application.
and it will be found that not only will
growth develop cleanly and healthily in
the spring, but it will remain so throughout
the season.

Names OF Puiants: 4. T. H. The labels

oa numbers 1 and 2 had become detached.
but the one that flowers each winter 1s

Arbutus hybrida, and the other is
Photinia serrulata ; No. 3 is Enca
lusitanica. Ruts. Pulmonaria officinalis.
Florist. Antrim. ], Pulmonaria officinalis:

2 and 3, forms of Galanthus nivalis; 4
Aspidium angulare; 5, Polypodium Phy-

matodes. Inquirer. Cyrtanthus lutescens.
J. H. 1l, Bletia hyacinthina; 2, Iris
reticulata.

Tue BOTANICAL EXCHANGE CLUB: Exchange.
Full particulars concerning thc Botanical
Exchange Club may be obtained on applica-
tion to the Secretary, Mr. G. Claridge Druce.
Yardley Lodge, 9, Crick Road, Oxíord.

Twi-FLowERED Snowprops: A. H. The
second flower on the scape of Galanthus
Elwesii is, in this instance, due to a form
of fasciation. The southern and eastern
forms of Snowdrops, such as G. plicatus,
nivalis var. caucasicus, Elwesii, and
byzantinus generally produce a second
flower scape from the one pair of leaves.
In this case the second scape is fused
with the main one, resulting in a second
flower-seape branching out at two-thirds
of its height. It will be interesting to
watch this bulb in case the abnormality is
repeated. Mr. E. A. Bowles informs us
that the late Mr. Elwes sent him a bulb
of a hybrid Snowdrop that when growing
strongly produces secondary flowers. One out
of many collected bulbs of G. Elwesii.
var. Whittallii bore twin-flowers for severa!
successive years in a Cornish garden. Mr.
Boyd gave Mr. Bowles a form of G.
nivalis that bears twin-flowers occasionally.
but only when growing strongly. It appears
that the family habit, so well marked in
some species of . Leucojum crops: up
occasionally in Galanthus.

Communications Received.—H. E. M.—A. B.—H. C.
—VF. 8.—J. H. M.—G. L. W.—J. O'H.—Fr. F. B.—
€. F. C.—G. J. W.—C. F.—A. J. Mes.

SCHEDULES RECEIVED.

TAUNTON AND DISTRICT CHRYSANTHEMUM AND FRUIT
SOCIETY.— Eleventh annual show to be held on Thursday.
November 5, in the Territorial Hall, Taunton.—Secretary.
Mr. W. H. Loosemore. Tregenna, Greenway Road.
Taunton.

ROYAL (CALEDONIAN HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY.—Spring
show to be held in Waverley Market, Edinburgh, on April
24 and 25: International exhibition to be held in the
Industrial Hall, Edinburgh. on Scptember 9. 10. and 11.—
Secretary, Donald Mackenzie, 4a, St, Andrew Square,
Edinburgh.

BATH AND DISTRICT HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY.—Annual
show to be held in. conjunction with the National Hose
Society’s provincial exhibition at the Sydney Gardens,
Bath, on Wednesday and Thursday. July 8 and 9.—
secretary Mr. F. J. Cashnella, 7. Cambridge Place. Bath.

Marcu 7, 1925.

THE

GARDENERS

CH RONICLE. xi.

MARKETS.

COVENT GARDEN, Tuesday, March 3, 1925.

We cannot accept any responsibility for the subjoined
reports. They are furnished to us regularly every
Tuesday bv the kindness of several of the principal
salesmen, who are responsible for the quotations.
It must be remembered that these quotations do
not represent the prices on any particular day,
but only the general average for the week preceding
the date of our report. The prices depend upon
the quality of the samples, the way in which they

are packed,

the supply

in the market and the

demand, and they may fluctuate, not only from
day to day, but occasionally several times in one

day.— EDS.

Plants in Pots, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.
(All 48’s except where otherwise stated).

Adiantum s.d.s.d.

cuneatum

per doz. ... 10 0-13 0
—elegans ... ... 10 0120 .
Aralia Sieboldii... 9 0-10 0
Araucarias, er

doz. ... ... 30 0-12 0
Asparagus plu-

mosus ... ... 12 0-18 0
—Sprengeri ... 12 0-18 0
Aspidistra, green 36 0-00 0
Asplenium, per

doz... ... 12 0-18 0
—32'8 M ... 24 0-30 0
—nidus .. ... 12 0-15 0
Azaleas, per doz. 15 0-36 0
Cacti, per tray,
—-12's, 15's . 950-70
Crotons, per doz. 30 0-45 0
Cyclamen—
—32's .. 96 0-48 0
—48's ue ... 24 0-30 0

Cut Flowers,

Adiantum deco- s.d.s.d.
rum. doz. bun. 18 0-24 0

—cuneatum, per
doz. bun. ... 12 0-15 0
Asparagus plu-

mosua, per bnn.

long trails, 6s 20-30

med. sprays ... 16-26

short... .. 09-183
—fprenceri, per bun.

long sprays 16-20

medium ,, .. 10-16

short .. . 04-10
Azalea. white, per

doz. bun. 9 0-10 0

Bouvardia. white,
per doz. ኮክ ... 12 0-15 0
Camellias, White,

————

8. d. s. d.
Cyrtomium ... 10 0-15 0
Erica melanthera,

48’s per doz. ... 21 0-30 0
— =ብ0'8, per doz. 8 0-10 0
H vacinths, in

boxes—

—white, pink and
blue, per doz.
spikes 30-40

Marauerites, white,
48’s, per doz.... 18 0-30 0
Nephrolepis, in

variety ... ... 12 0-18 0
—32's oe ... 24 0-36 0
Palms, Kentia ... 30 0-48 0
-ብ0"ጻ 15 0-18 0

Pteris, In variety 10 0-15 0
—large 60's .. 50-60

—Aamall .. .. 40-50
—72'8. per tray
of 15's ... 26-36

etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.

s.d s.d.
Prunus triloba
(Dutch), per bun. 1 0- 1 6
Richardias (Arums)
per aor. 9 0-10 0
Roses. new crop,
ner doz. blooms,
Richmond... 60-90
Ruscus, French,
per bun. .. 10-20
Smilax, per doz.
trails ... .. 20-80
Snowdrops, doz.
bun. ... . 20-30
Sweet Peas, per
doz. bun. ... 15 0-18 0
Tulips, per bunch—
—Couronne d'Or 20-26

for the demand during the past few days.
returned
suppr

ulips maintain their good quality

(Richardias) have also
owing to a short

Lily of the Valley.

Arums
to a high figure,
Similar remarks apply to

and price as do special Daffodils, long-stemmed blooms,

from home growers, and there is little change to
record amongst the cheaper grades from the Channel
Islands. Narcissus ornatus, from the Spalding
district. has been arriving in good condition. but
supplies are slightly reduced. Roses are as quoted
last week. and no other varieties have arrived at
present.

Fruit: Average Wholesale Prices.

— 8. d. 8. d. 8. d. s. d.
—Oregon New- Lemons, Messina,
town ... ... 15 0-17 0 n QUK E — "dr 0
* 7 j —Murcia ... is 0-14 0
Diis red 6 0-10 0 NADIE. " 15 0-25 0
ling di .. 80-140 ae Jaffa ... 16 0-20 0
—Californian Span 14 0-30 0
—Spitzenberg ... 13 0-16 0 Eu — 45 ves — 0
9 9 —seville ... jes 0
— - 210-260 | Malaga Sour `. 17 0-20 0
—Russett.. ..2950350 | pears. South
— Raldwin .. 20 0-30 0 African—
—Qreening ... ዓ0 0-35 0 —VWilllams's Bon
or Chr..tien . 90-70
ar Te — a s —Clapp'sFavourite 4 0- 5 0
Grape Pines F . 20-40
—Gros Colmar .. 40-60 | South | African
—Belgian Colmar Peaches... ... 6 0-15 0
Ib "9630 | —Chaleots... 60-80
DEEG e a iE qe Spence 50-80
Gra Fru —Plums
Cuban ao It 20 0-24 0 —Santa Rosa 50-60
—Jamaica ... 20 0-24 0 —Wickson .. 6089
—Florida ... ... 25 0-276 | Tunis Dates, doz. 50-60
Vegetables: Average Wholesale Prices.
s. d. 8. d. ህ s. d. s. d.
Beans. Guernsey, Lettuce, per dozen 1 6- 2 0
erib. ... . 2646 | —Outdoor . 2630
— Worthing .. 26-40 | Mushrooms, cups 2 6- 3 6
—Madeira, per —broilers ... .. 1819
box 5.5 .. 26-00 Onions, Valencia, —
5 er case € 0
Beets, per cwt... 46-50 | _ English, percwt. 12 0-18 0
Cabbage, per tally 6 0- 80 | Parsnips, percwt. 4 0- 6 0
Canary Island Peas, French, per
Tomatos ... 18 0-25 0 cane E .. — 80
Cauliflowers, per Potatos, Canary
doz. - * 0-80 Island, per case 8 0-12 0
Forced Mint, per —King Edward ... 16 0-18 0
doz. ad — 0-10 0 —Spring crop ... 15 0-18 0
Celery, best, washed, Potatos, per ton—
per bundle ... 20-80 | —Dunbar .. 220 0-240 0
—Second ... .. 08-10 | —King Edward 190 0-210 0
Chicory, per Ib.... 0 3-034 | —White ... ...90 0-180 0
Carrots, per bun. — 0 10 —New Guernsey lb. 0 9-0 10
—NeWw .. m — — Potatos, New—
Cucumbers, per —Algerian, per lb. 0 24-0 3
doz. T ... 10 0-18 0 —Azores, per case 10 0-18 0
Dutch Onions ... 11 6-13 0 Radishes—
Endive, per doz 16-30 | —Guernsey round 1 6- ፻ 0
Batavia, per doz. 30-36 | —Guernsey long... 10-16
English Asparagus— —French ... . 390-30
—Finest ... ... 10 0-10 6 Rhubarb, Forced
—hest .. .. 4060 per doz.... .. 29-33
French Aspar Savoys, per tally 7 6-12 6
—Paris Green 80-90 Seakale, per pun-
—TLauris ... .,. 60-100 net - .. 16-20
Greens, per bag... 1 0- 2 0 Spinach, per bushel 6 0- 6 0
Horseradish, per Sprouts, bag ... 40-70
bundle ... . 2026 Sweet Potatos ... 30- 40
Leeks, per doz. Turnips— Ts
bundles ... ,. 96-36 —New,per bun... 0 10-10

REMARES.—A better demand

has male conditions

in the market much brighter generally, nearly all
sections reporting improved business. ‘onsignments
of South African fruits are on a large scale, but

even so prices have held well, and Peaches, Nectarines,

Plums. Pears.
Trade in both
better, especially

imported
for

Hot-house Grapes continue
Forced Beans are rather less plentiful.

quoted higher.

Forced Asparagus is moving freely,

and Grapes
and home-grown Apples is
fruits of

are selling satisfactorily.

the first quality.

to sell briskly, and are

although French

Asparagus shows an almost daily increase in quantity.

Forced Potatos are a moderately good trade.
Islands,

Potatos from the Canary

New
Algeria and Azores

per box .. 90-40 | —La Reine ..10-20
Carnations, per —Mons Tresor ... 20-26
doz. blooms ... 30-50 | —Princeof Austria 1 9- 20
Croton leaves, —Rosina ... .. 1620
var.. doz. leaves 09-26 —Thomas Moore 1 6-19
Daffodils— —Wm. Copland... 2 6-29
—Emperor, per Violete, per doz.
doz. bun. ... 12 0-15 0 bun on .. 20 40
—Golden Spur, French Flowera—
per doz. bun. ... 40-50 Anemone, dble,
—Henry Irving, pink, per doz... 8 6- 5 0
per doz. bun.... 4 0- 5 0 — De Caen, mixed,
—King Alfred, per doz.... .. 90-120
per doz. bun. ... 15 0-18 0 | —single blue. per
—obvallaris, per 02. — . 30-40
doz. bun. .. 30-50 Carnations, per
—Sir Watkin, per bun. .. . 16-20
doz. bun. ... 10 0- 120 Freesia, long, per
Fern, French, per pa se ... 14 0-15 0
dos. bun. .. 09-18 Marguerite, yellow.
Freesia, per doz. per pad.. ... 80-100
bun.. special ... 9 0-120 Marigolds, per nad 7 0-10 0
— White, per doz. Mimosa, per pad 8 0-120
bun. .. . 2630 —per bun, . 10-18
—Special. long,per Narcissus—
doz. bun, .. 90-120 —Grand Primo,
Galax, American, per doz. bun.... 5 0- 80
green and bronze, —ornatus, per
per doz. bun. ... — 30 doz. bun. ... 70-10 0
Tris tingitana, per —Solie] d'Or, per
doz. spikes 50-60 doz. bun. .. 40-50
Lilac, Dutch, per Rannneulus, double
1868 ... .. 40-80 rcarlet, doz bun. 8 0-10 0
Lilinm lancifoliam —Carmine, per
album, per doz. doz, hun .. 80-120
blooms ... . - Roses, Safrano per
—rubrum, long, per bnn. of two doz.
doz. blooms ... 40-50 blooms... .., 26-36
—ehort., ,.. ... 30-40 | Roses, ner pad ... 8 0-10 0
Lilium longiflorum —Ulrich Brunner,
long, per doz. ... 9 0-10 0 per doz. hinoms 6 0-10 0
short 49 ee eee — — Star (Allfum),
Lily of the Valley, per pad, 48's ... 0 0-10 0
per doz. bun. ... 24 0-86 0 Stock, double
Narciasua— white, per pad
—BScilly White, per 24 bunches ... 8 0-10 9
doz. bun. . 40-60 —double coloured 7 0- 8 0
Orchids, per 405. Violets, Parma,
—Cattlevas ... 24 0-80 0 per bun. .. 2630
—Cvpripediuma... 50-70 —aingle, per 60-80
Primroses, per doz. Wallflowers, per
bun. ... . 2640 ' pad Mi .. 90-70
REMARKS.—In this department business has not
been so brisk during the past week, but prices

generally show little change from the previous week
owing to a more limited supply from all quarters.
White flowers. auch as <Azaleas and other small
blooms required for floral designs, have been insufficient

are not wanted. even at comparatively low figures.
Tomatos from the Canary Islands are selling extremely
wel. Bananas from the same source are a steady
trade. Forced Rhubarb has gone out well; the
small consignments of natural Rhubarb have not yet
had much effect. Mushrooms are slightly firmer in
price, the quantities marketed being lighter. Cucumbers
are arriving in more satisfactory quantities from
both the Lea Valley and Worthing districts. Green
vegetables are not so abundant, and inclined to be
higher in price. Trade in old Potatos is fairly
good, with fair supplies on offer.

GLASGOW.

While price movements during the past week reflected
a little irregularity, there was no material change either
way, and following a good general demand, the recent
improvement was well maintained.

Supplies of cut flowers were on a smaller scale, and as
this condition applied more particularly to first quality
blooms advancing prices were conceded by buyers. No.
1 Pink Tulips made 1/9 for 6's, Mavisbank special
Bartagon increased from 1/4 to 1/6 and 1/9, while ordinary
ranged from 1/- to 1/4; best Copland and Prince of
Austria, 1/4 to 1/6; medium Copland 10d. to 1/8, and
Prince of Austria 8d. to 104. ; Murillo 1/3 to 1/4 for best;
others 8d. to 10d.; La Reeve, 1/- to 1/3; Couronne d'Or,
1/6. ordinary, 10d. to 1/2; Farncombe Sanders. 1/- to 1/8

and Tea Rose, 10d. to 1/8. Guernsey Daffodils averaged
from 3/- to 4/- per doz. ; English Golden Spur, 10d. to 1/- ;
Sir Watkin, 1/- to 1/2; ornatus, 6d. to 01.: and King
Alfred, 1/- to 1/2 for 6’s. Carnations were steady from
2/6 to 4/- per doz. Richardias (Arums). 6/- to 9/-; Lilium
Harrisil, 10d. per bunch. Lily-of-the-Valley, 2/- to 2/6.
Prunus, 2/6 to 3/6. Violets, 1/- to 1/6 doz- bunches;
Parma Violets, 3/- to 3/0. Snowdrops, 1/6 to 2/6. Wall-
flowers, 1/6 to 3/-. Smilax and Asparagus, 1/- to 1/6.
Mimosa was dearer, up to 10/- per cane being paid for
special, and 4/- to 6/- for medium: while special White
Lilac made from 6,- to 8/-, ordinary from 3/- to 4/, and
pun to 5/-. Hyacinths in bowls were firm at

l- each.

In the vegetable section English Leeks improved to 7/-
per doz. bunches; Cauliflowers to 9/- per crate of two
dozen, and Beans to 7/- per box. On the other hand
Cucumbers were slow in sale and suffered a further
reduction to 1/3 and 1/6 each. Salads were steady,
Lettuce from 1/9 to 2/3; Siboes, 7/- to 8'-; Radish, 2/6;
Watercress, 1/-; Mustard and Cress, 2/6 to 3/-. Case
Onions were casier disposed, 4's being 13/6, 5's 16/-, and
6's 15,-. but Dutch were dearer at 11/6 to 12/6 per bag.

The consumption of fruit continues very steady with
little or no variation in values. Apples, Oranges, Lemons,
Grapes, and Pears were practically unchanged, but Grape
Fruit was lower at 22/- to 24/- per case. The market was
bare of Jaffa Oranges until the end of the week, when a
cargo arrived in the Clyde.

NEW HORTICULTURAL INVENTIONS.

LATEST PATENT APPLICATIONS.

3,033.—Warneford, J. R. K.—Traps for snails,
etc. February 3.

2,788.—Lee, F.—Framework for netting for
protection of small seeds. January 31.

2,378. — Read, H. M.— Gardening aprons.
January 27.

2,108. — Berrigan, J. J.—Manufacturer of
fertilizers and stock foods. January 23.

SPECIFICATION PUBLISHED THIS MONTH.

227,077.—Wolf, C.—Potato-digger. l
205,825.—Blass, S.—Planting machines.

ABSTRACT PUBLISHED LAST MONTE.

Mechanical Aids in Planting.—Patent No.
226,740.—Some useful mechanical aids in
planting have been combined in a single
appliance, the invention of Mr. H. Michael,
of 4, Steinsgraben, Gottingen, Germany. The
tool comprises a dibble, a measuring line,
a measuring stick, and a pair of compasses,
the last being formed by one of the rods
carrying the measuring line. The rod having
the dibble end has hooks around which the
measuring line is wound, and the other rod
to which the line is hooked is formed in
two parts pivoted together. These two parts
are graduated and may be used as a pair
of compasses or, when opened out, as a
measure of length. A guard protects the
points when closed. When the instrument
is folded up, a pair of hooks engage and a

stirrup holds the parts together.

This list is specially compiled for The
Gardeners’ Chronicle by Messrs. Rayner and. Co.,
Regd. Patent Agents, of 5, Chancery Lane,
London, from whom all information relating
to Patents, Trade Marks, and Designs, may
be obtained gratuitously. |

Messrs. Rayner and Co. will obtain printed
copies of the published specifications only,

and forward on post free for the price of
Is. 6d. each.

QARDENING APPOINTMENTS.

Mr. J. A. Hall, for severa] years Gardener to the late
R. H. C. HARRISON, Esq., J.P., at Shiplake Court
Gardens, Henley-on-Thames, as Gardener at The
Grange, Sutton Courtenay, near Abingdon, Berkshire.

Mr. A. Beckett, for the past six years Gardener to
G. E. SISTERSON, Esq. Sedbury Park, Richmond,
Yorkshire, previously Gardener to the late SIR
W. S. WILSON ToDD, Bart., Halnaby Hall, Yorkshire,
as Gardener to COLONEL H. K. STEPHENSON, D.8.O.,
Hassop Hall, Derbyshire.

CATALOQUES RECEIVED.

PERRY'S HARDY PLANT FARM, Enfield, Middlesex.—Water
Lilies, Bog plants, Alpines and perennials; Lilies and

Gladioli, etc.
MAXWELL AND BEALE, Broadstone, Dorset. — Hardy
MAURICE PRICHARD AND SONS, Riversiea Nurseries,

Heathers, etc.
Christchurch, Hants.—Herbaceous and alpine plants,
etc.

AQ

.

valescent Funds.

SOMETHING NE

* “ Yellow - Pink " 3

Sweet. Pea.
PLANT

« ‘SUNSHINE " im your Carden |
Buy it from your Seedsman

N ዕ OW

sow,

AERE “EMERALD GREEN”

— ‘contain’ — the enous

-seeds-of. high. percentage of purity and: me :
: '5: db, x a s
iva 39:4 Tos. 523: 4 155,, BBL Post: per *

| : Hon. hus ensuring every satisfaction. . :

2 bs ad seer. dy per. Ib. 686: Paid.

JOHN.

125 Esta: irr

C. Dept. ‘COVENTRY.

WwW. “WALTERS, & 00. Amberley Grove, Croydon, Sirte x

AE week de መው Be Uf;
— 36:

691659. “your p ahi PES xu er “ |
ms 20 ut . death, according - 1o Seale. xS —
oe ROVIDES: you. with a Savings Bank = TE E
CROVIDES grant | from. Maire 1. Com |

ልጄ. — SECRETARY,

— SONS, Ltd.

—— Beneit a ከይር Society

ኀ | State Insured. members of this — may also
—90 Contribute. 16

| | add ts ther Benefits in. accordance with: the
| Seale: hey: adopt. . ip
Si P 1፡1፣ ዛሁ Wit Market. Garde Hees! Naa rine ni oninia id Punas i

poda geste sane indie The aul yontajms- af
W^; | des TTE ar finis: espin 48 the: pitiplivt obtainalle ta -

መመነን p PROFIT By
LES ሻክ EXPERIENCE.

49K. A. MEMBER |

wao BAS 4159

VEGETABLES & FLOWERS BY SO SOWING |

GIBBS’ PRIZE GARDEN . SEEDS, 7
GIBBS Price Spada guiw tbe i vest 881 Rivest S
Crops, wd ara THE RENC TY THE WARED 1
ኘዘመዩ PRIZE SOT S Taye: eran Feste ho Are ^

——“ ዲሂ፡፣ቦህዞ ureaud Beer biel tur site. gi bre he ፳8 | j

9975 GERMINATION
tig as [ሂሪ እ. Ie KITTY

6፲885 Lars ibsdraud. ;
. Catalogue of Frixe Seeds, and (447,186 izütde fox
Season 1975 ib now ready, Weise for veas Pree C Copy
to-lay, ss shousends of ዘኔ.5)15.1 GnrO ueri ary tutug:
kos Gold & Silver: Medula sod TUO: Bwsfals
- of Marrowlet Pasa given away in our —
‘Rrowing Competition.
E. T. GIBBS, FRH. The Arive Skoliein,
BAST FINGHLEY, ሽክ. Over. £0,000 LRL :

i Herticul nee
4 Bubldev:

eec fo.
REN 2,

| 4

K consignment . a

‘mënt ME

— ia.

“gavancisnen | 30. FEARS

FOR SPRING PLANTING `

Descriptive Catalog af Gladiob: Begonias, ፲3ቁ:8)(5, Trises, Phloxes, Delphine.
VAS ጀህ Ranei, (s. He Sn. ም Ai ue 22 ; NUN

- SELECTED DUTCH BULBS, ROSES and P PERENNIAL PLANTS |

A. i MP EC ላፕ
d qt hr r UME T 7 i ከ ፻ ን
J P ኢን . ^ a. *.4
1 ፍህ IS ANE,
. We - 25. I ሎራ: ያ" "ኡሙ ፇሂ = * E AS

ጨኤ. old —

Delsey Carriage Pado:

Established 18507. ps

- pud HOLLAND. ki 2
* de Charge. for Faing. :

s UM tie the

* A r.4 Ki Phe
T0 BIS. CREDIT - 1. ያ Wet! — Wirt: Hansi Waders: Kingston. He — a
መጨ 51: [7 Prinse, Potedioc bow Py cipis. docking. sare EEAO ORA

A — ROAD, WEST. KENSINGTON, W. 14.

ን ii
ሞግ ረም ው. ርር ee —
"m
' ፥ ፥ ` ^ a s

-LATH GREENHOUSE “BLINDS, | [

| ከህ ast our ‘factory. መቋ | for. *

መጠ id ‘Sa ample FREE, e. ahh s s
“ሠመ3ታ makers » dn: reload. n :

እዩ ኣክር8 T — —

— a — — መቹ: “መ — —— —— —— —— — — — — —
= "

*
ወ * d»

the private Section, aud by so. doing

"ነስ," PShipinke HeuleysorThages

FRUIT TREES
and ROS E S-

Piang Boe Jes BU eis n

| | Thomas ‘Rivers. & m Lea ^ a|

Tha N urseries

SAWBRIDGEWORTE, HERTS. -
:Staliatt t Histo do, N, ——

^ The Pots that Drain

. — BAILEY & dba. isé..
... Aaron- Bassey Satrar¥,
8". — —— eae

“One amie ion at

p angi fallable ‘WEED. KILLER

: 8591] Keep your Garden Pathe Carriage Drives: telat,
free trom. tends für st tenet. 32 tanths : "The Hesh

. Killer for Daisy, Phinidin. and Dandelion: {i Lawns

> -Brighitens the raved. Imraense Say itig in Eahoure .

ን... Minus... Ca Drum -. Boe UH Pais Vaig

hy ቱጐ< 2 ፓኒ t 55

= A1. 65 .4 Au ፣ ak MEE ET ሂ
ELS! anders. are. ረጩ mate 21 du ያዳ‹3«. ዘረ X ME
che veg punt Urany English- pon; - aar: jene aas Sat 2
"ያረ ጃክ ዛቻ LAIRE tf vetürüed AR gat —
SN qe erates :. —
NAAT prices 6፻ the: — =
pese gee Uhat- 1ከ15- Weed Kifer.
pikes Ute 90 0f. seite T. be ong denbie 8
ክህ ortigafy Airumgtih.— DHE: 9ጻቭህ9ካ- E^
“ard wih 50 gallon: ob Water wilh
aver aun nared of fron. — 66. mr.
osque. “yards effecti rely: i

a C. HARRISON,

Hurra Uria bv

geras, Satan

1 gx t Vig
Large ዘህክሁዘዘዘ 681418ኗዐ8 Wo. T. pust

d s ‘BATH & ወፁ እሩ. መርያ ats Lenton: wea —

v

SE MAI

. Greenouses. .: በህ[ሩ Mom A
"Y 86. 48. ፪፡፡ aA ሻያ qn esc Vb መ 49." ያና

4 id LRDENER: BRS *

— —

| ፐዘ#

ና ድ ችል —— — — — —

Mane TE 3 Has.

— — — ሙሚ ty FU ዳኳ =፣ቡ — — — — — — “ሠ. መመ ኣ--

zm TR T Tm

t t ne e

m m j n T Tm T m UNT p: m [111 VIR m Tm iu hi nmm i y ERN 11111 T m Tm TE VE
PONE dar superior to
* weedy gravel

ELVETY strips of green muke
^ c29n artistic setting. for herbace-
420 EY AT "ous birders.” The J.P." Jevels
NUES here: Arima “shere all with

- 7 amazing ድሬድ "and. — ——

iri Lud Uli "m Li

3
|

a Nothing iG, SO ANTOR GE. "Thé when the ጠሁ id =
Sos jady of the house can. pee: tt weied sod tha —
ስከር the: 2 ugue — —
P4 EE ee end jor Bouk: =

BS ዴሴ E — (CURT yr axk =
በህ drnumonger or: 4 imo Ep

"Four peery: ዘኋ ager,
| tie Pe ink ዊን nae.
z : ai cata RR M

UNT 2784. A

atranon. AEN ላ.”
ag. P. SUPER LAW SMOWERS.
e — ‘Merial, Bond. ንክር

“ SUPER - i
LAWN MOWER 2 ; '

e. / $
, 1 ሥ ^ "0 ወ —

"d ER

+ etalon tgo di er - መመመ 4
ete at pod

TODO

"ረ tt i
ድ Re es jj aiia e ፈም Met Cale vd

Ratablished, 123. “Telephone: (026 Adduconibe,

80018. LONDON Ie
"HORTICULTURAL STORES. .

| በወይጽወና PROGRESSES I

ees "TRIPPLE" Bani

with. Er
; FERTILISERS

— nn —— aetſeal ies are

applied. in: tie blending wee vi አራ “tee date 3. -

| Tagredienta ie produes isse wel): -bAlanced mauGtra. 1 -
‘THEN: ARE, . SUCCESSFUL.

”- pd sec beniimculals ^ | Compan መ ie f IMPROVED LAWN SAND

ASE. POR ይበቿቋ SAMPLES. = B ጐና RBS
ዩና በ828. ደት

"GARDEN FERTILISERS. |
፳6. 1. Berni -orunie, io. 86.2. 99. Organi, to
cr numm uil ንክ LN 14 !
22.9 3,9ዶ Pat tu cmo s Eo ር
— Le gt 20): [በመ] iE comet. ዊቿ/-; on [ልህ te * aure
ton £i kaye Gti eS

| -Tecni 0:69. SU C DeL:

THE ONLY ORGANI LOVER SURO - hese
MANURE FOR LAWHE, GOLF. GREENS, — —
Lastisg;- dee, P$rodüoes thlck dark grass.

PRICE LISTS: special fertilizers Tae =

Anctuding.
farious - crope, and — funi. Sündrisp, en. 4 square; yards)... 18 per cwt: £18 ton.

| WINE ANG PLANT MANURE.
SH. ም. ‘TRIPP. GNO "pere €wt.c CPU per too (caixiege paid) 8

“orchard Works, YIEWSLEY, PME D A

very: Fibrous, Yellow. “Part Loam ia

“Boe WINE BORDERS. CARNATIONS:
ROSES). MELONS, URES) RENGU. 2
^ P FROTE d OE PASS Xu

TANNED GARDEN NETS.

Beall Monty. for Sends And Fruit ም የወ - |

| oa jsrüs owe } Ward wide- so A
^ asf ite እ) 2 yards Na «fi gos db $t
us a Ce ን ise i tray d Pc Oe 2 Au
ነ SINE 661 A VOR ` NM 1 EU * Y — 20 DOMIN
ነ M fs BA " | og 5 e ኒኒ Ki nt, ^ 1 uy sf መፍት 26(-. 7 i VAYN mi Ve
| bn * Rava hy .በ.. MES —
Beste Butt lengths sipped.

STOUT BLACK NETS

For. “Tennis. Couri Bordering, “with Lines Tap and Bettem. 4.
፡ ፲፪ vant ባጅ : que wide :

| i i s * a ——

sinned tor: saine: Ad ti high. aja. duty

PT iM * + — ሺር ይምን

መ ከ —— ———

PHOSPHATE OF AMMONIA
-PHOSPHATE OF POTASH —

AM sorting quite

*

e

ዩ
MEM

"A

ሀዘ HONICLE. D |

suc

The

scorr’s LAWR ወለይ [0.8 y 1h, Yoevery ሽ

| Quotations Carriage Paid lo ¢ any Salon ፡

& B. JOHNSTON, |
| Uu New Park, — SURREY. |

“ROBINSON,

Garden: — Tennis Net Works: RYE..

-፥--.--. “=መሙ

ከዘኩ pu Gardening Fortine

PERRY & HOPE, Ltd. i Noli n: t Gspan : | |

| CHEALS'.

|. DAHLIAS

"Unique. Collection. 3
ለዘ the Best i in. each Class.

y hiked —

NEW. ILLUSTRATED
CATALOGUE. FREE.

Nurse Fries :

Ake.

er TLLMorr

Patented No. 288770)”
nn Veni irn. Royal Botanic ar
dena, For ali planta,
Will net ret, wear 981 ar break
; Sampler of 6 sizse $i- post free, -
OW. « QREERWOOD 7.3.8.5. -
1 ጋኔ: — —

CLOSED A

i CHEAL & SONS, T
CRAWLEY. e

853 Plant Sube : ue 2 nS

| amar PLANNING]

OF THE GARDEN| -

By GEORGE. a TINLEY, oe
THOMAS HUMPHREYS and |
ነኛ. IRVING: with: An. futroduc- .:

tion by Miss GERTRUDE.

JEKYLL, and 5e Colour: Plates)
ay: dew. M AV CGU CON
- - Tn K 91. — SEE me

= 12

VEM ae

dE MS 1E 42j- ; net. ሀ th pons ሠ) uU T v

5 ጻ — Vite nei ee "Lr, < kri n ኒ
“een? iut i * id ል fy E ዘ
ኤሊ Moyer, v $ ኗ
aes MS i
ኒ 2134 Oh 1 : 1
, 54.” r ቃ

que purpose. ub “the - “nook: is wih:
assist gardeners in laying cut their I -
: gardens jn an artistic “manner, having: |

| ፡ regard. to the colours. ‘and’ heights: of.

“the ‘various: “plants... ‘their ‘Powering. Lo

| seasons,

Bowen

ETAT q 'ሖ ዊ ተን ጋ T d { — ክሙ ጄ feo
ijj" ኔ መድ d xe ፡ — iu n Ih * ካይ ሚመ ይው
‘hey "c. WR TF rt - > fat a pub t Nan d

| GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, Lia.

ተመ 5 TAVISTOCK - STREET,
COVENT GARDEN, wW. e 2.

|. and growing "capabilities. 11 -
H Theres are 3.000 entries and 50 coloured. ff:
- plates, adiu 3 296 elected pm 1

xiv.

ው ቀ ተ ር hie Déco ጹፍ ና ማመል

Py GO NI ዒ | Awarded 33 E wen §

UR IURIS | 20 ሸርክ qualits ጸዐዳ 63418. Tire pibe: Jor arse dn ues ይ፻ Badaig..

DOUBLES, in 3 solcare; (lowers like ገመ 8059 ant 'hnsllias PESCE; PN ved 6.

2 -in mitad voja ...-. A. | EMEN UE Y iif *

= males, in. (601%, yero lange üne sued flower, qae.

XM 46 rie voli c à —— Se

= fien. QF ር]. rae anios. — — Se
ius Sigg coc ue ted, ‘opined xad MER እ

- Coleetions v of 26 jarag tibet; 12. d p M “ክልዔ. ፲4፦ የር e un
; ^ Peas freé on. acere pf 3; over.

2 መል ter Pane. Xx ATAT ህ6፲ E * náred | Double Fagat — Voki bition, ኮላ ሀዛ Sys ia.
3 : የከ:518(88. TPotysottius, Phiox: Herba: Piunts;. gie. - bra ^ 2
ኮዲ DELPHINIUMS Phe. ONLY: COLDROTION 66 NIA: n. us. de dais
en GAAP AMEBAL, tha highest: award 0ህ1አ1ክኳጸ8[....-.... ts

“Plant WOW: 4e liave plenaire ገዬ- feing the following Cobectioris whieh: an Spa diy.

ARE Ua. wea unc
AMET.
sae s —

ds (MAE t Eu ;
SG ES
-35- ——

— s
MEI
# ፍ ማ

‘angle e

M o good” Ratune, Tp. PitfOng. ponni — dh. dd Take a ቪበሩ áhow St aom rria — : ay ሐ: "
s ሠ A, ነ vxtra good Porta ee £oliection: C. 3. fine: orta - CAO.
— dz very. ከህገ »Dfa SARE Pret ace ieee Py 35. gooi. 28 RERO
pois UE | ርርዘክመጩዉ E, A3 avere aorta E 36 MON RE a *
CATAUOUER FR ER Spry:

ልፁ 4

L4

/ ' ‹1፤1 4
rv yf MUI nah cute idi

*

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

— ተን ት ማቸ TEES SR ይዳ

ሕ qu —
Bi E hian Bariy: Beauty ውቶ Ma
ous tent,

; BECONG
$; ‘gauss ede dB.

— —

Mare ". pde ae ——

—

[ "otatoes

564 :

ገፍ» የ46 Tiri — ipower’ Si.
E s ኒጻነኘ Un rhe Wariner, SM የአል! haste: A Senat nene Yes
Por wed" qiorprosp el, ዮነ: doc: ed - yii ns. X
AE eed ቴሄፈኔ፥ hype emite s

FOUR GOLD MEDALS
FIVE SILVER —

VARIETIES

Cus,

ron, immune
Kenan. Web us ዞሄ፦ 8/8; —

FIRST EARLY
on 2 it. 15»; — ah;

br + rea
18). TEYS

iP —* —— Eclipa የይ e
Riweit Bue, 28. Tis. 58; $e ib Ne, € /6፤ . Cw A? È
PAREY VARIETIES. - e TE.

*8-; የጊ. 34. x 3. x:
Great Beo Britis ert, gi
nec 8 — — * qu : Ma.
= UAM 'ነጆሂ3ዞ- — at
await Perfection
CES Finke Hianonr, TOMPA sine rt
Re ፈእ ነ ሳታ Raderi tom ብው ዳ $
oe iex Edward, Arren. e ter, T 59;
d ii ርየ, 176.
AL Carriage Paid «954: Haga Y

Fifi Ry: Aai

ሄ

2 y
ን of BLACKMORE & LANGDON .. BATH. x
ራዲ ውው ወብ ይፍ ወቁ sia sus aiseee sk

አራ.

JOHN COCK, Porto Speciation,
: Weston | Hilla, SPALDING. ፡ x

is =

e RIWISSOSIRDANU eh Letchworth —
PROPAGATOR. "FRAME | i
eliminates the hotbed! 8 different and varivbie. |.

temperatures in one portable frame.” "Exiernai Lame.
| — and tume gj Simple ami vheap. i Operum.

il.
'ጌ b
ነ 3
* ል
T. M
5
a ne
y Y
ሥሕ ግ
bh

L L BOOK TOR TROPICAL GARDENERS.
jM THE MANGO"

é " ^
sberoture

፡. WOODWORKERS,” 15. ሠጪ 6. |
dese Fortune Arcade, London, NW. 11. | | T

LEAD PN "E
ነኣ ያ17ሲ( . ላላዔ - , ' N
" ፡ 4) የ In
"Za € y P a
E i i t; 7 y .
ነ > af lagu T

: | Li By G- MARSHALL WOODROW.
ርክ: ና uere — jb Vs ALL who have the advantage

LINCOLNSHIRE. SEED. Ý POTATOES | a
eae s cipis Si Tohe Lawes ish Que ve
re ir emi.
imei ena rit አዚህ ተቁ) Ac ፡

“When. ver ding, please Nile quanitiy Ub: di
ONM. - DENNIS & SONS, LTO. |
(Dept. No. 13) KIRTON. BOSTON, Lincs.

of a tropical ot demi- -troplcal '
aA | "climate should send jor x

. 1ርበ።. ቴዝ ይያኳቸካ ኳሪ queasy: tees BOLA

Macy Kure and Choice v »rteiiea,

QE Copy OF f this: little brochure.
.. STOVE AND GREENHOUSE PLANTS OF AU. ዐ = ab

DIE past.
Kindiy «eril “tor Catalogs, ——

| JAMES CYPHER & ‘SONS,
. ExotIc Nurseries, CHELTENHAM..

LL e

5 jy 3.
eret iut hit — —

ን frees

de | GARDENERS’ ‘CHRONICLE. AUTOS ot fons
|= Tavistock Street, ondon, WE. 2. | |

p? > ፥ 4
' Pè
, ዳ * 4 b. (
| INT ፥ 1
igi ፥
፥ i
. y tn 4 ‘
(U^ * ,
j '
i ፈ « i ኣ ዕ
' Ca ዶላ”
፤ á: ' ,
‘ ‘'> ፥ ፥ ነ
ፍን) ኣነ i i , n
eV Ey "Un
ኒ t i ,
> i ‘ d , ፣”ያ *
' ፣9* ‹
i '
b | à e) ና i
5. - m s.t kn እጃ. ነል XE * i 6.1 :
— የወ — — —

= eae ae =
=e 2 | eed 2 1 1 ። fee E
E IS : so “handy: for. the: Amateur. (or. “cottage: gardener, ከ35. been 16: constant =
— | "demand. ever since ite: “was chest pasted by. the date. Sr Joseph Paxton, =
ean, Pj | =
S ae aod | each” new ‘edition, bringing | NBC ቲሮ dam an “method. and. appearance, ፡]ፐ..፣ጅ
B - ር. has “enhanced - ds wonderful - popularity... The arrangement ‘of the -contents according cde
E do. the: work to. be 068. ርን in ከር ‘garden cach. ‘month makes ሺ. delightfully” ‘easy dg peto E
P 6: qnd an. addition., there: are ; extremely y useful. articles: 08 various ር connected È
B weg Do CE
S — 8 pats the book. for 3 am — ናሽ to gives to one — —— a
ኒር iiti jii m — finu — 5 iim | (ini imum anm nint TIU 1118 በበ 85 E

MancH 7, 1925.

THE

GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE.

XV.

SITUATIONS VACANT

Twenty words (or three lines including headline),

4s., and 18. for every succeeding eight words (or

line or portion thereof). Fee for having replies
addressed to this office, 18.

Advertisers desiring their Advertisements
repeated must gite full particulars,
otherwise no notice can be taken of their
communications. Name and address alone

are insufficient.

Gardeners writing to YAdvert'sers of Vacant
Situations are recommended to send them
copies of testimonials only, retaining the
originals. To part with original documents
means to run a great risk of their being
mislaid.

When addressing Box numbers, it ts essential
to give the initials or pseudonym, as well ae
the correct number of the box.

MUNICIPAL AND PUBLIC.

WILTS COUNTY COUNCIL.
AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION SUB-COMMITTEE.

PPLICATIONS are invited for the post
A. of HORTICULTURAL SUPERINTENDENT ;
salary £400 per annum. subject to a deduction of
fve per cent. under the Local Government and
other Officers’ Superannuation Act. 1922. Travelling
ne subsistence allowances in accordance with the
County Seale. Applicants must have a sound practical
knowledge of horticulture and fruit-culture. A know-
ledge of bee-keeping will be considered an additional
qualification.

Applications, on forms to be supplied. accompanied
by copies of not more than three recent. testimonials.
must be received by the undersigned. not later than
Saturday, the 2ist Mareh. 125. Canvassing. directly
or indirectly. is strictly prohibited. and will be
regarded as a dis qualification.

WwW. L.
Cerk of the

BOWN.,

County Council.

County Otires.
Trowbridge,
28th February, 1425.

TOTTENHAM AND WOOD

BOARD.

GREEN BURIAL

CEMETERY SUPERINTENDENT.

Salary £250 per annum with House and Rates paid.

PPLICATIONS are invited by the Board
ፌ for the Office of Superintendent at their
Cemetery, Church. Road, Tottenham.

Salary £250 per annum with House and Rates paid.

Candidates must have a knowledge of Book-kevping,
and understand Shrubs. Trees. and Landscape Gardening.

The person appointed will be required to devote his
whole time to the duties.

Applications must be made on a form to be obtained
at my Office, or will ከኮ» sent. by post on receipt. of a
foolscap size stamped addressed envelope.

Applications marked ''Superiutendont" must be sent
to me (together with copies of three ‘Testimonials of
recent date) not later than Saturday. March 7, 1925.

By order.
H. J. ROY NON.
Clerk.
Burial Board Office.
664, High Road,
Tottenham, N.17.

17th February, 1925.

PRIVATE.

NOUR HEAD

Nobleman's place in Suffolk, 50 -: (2) College

Gorden. Berks, 40-:;: (3) Public Institution. Surrey.
£3. without house: (4) Toronto, Canada, £14 month.
—stamp for full particulars; JOHN WEATHERS,
British Gardeners’ Association, Isleworth.

W: ANTED, good (Gardener. HEAD of

three, no children. only small cottage available.—
Apply M. €... eo Messrs. W. H. Smith and Son, Strat-
ford- ለና on.

Ite IRED. WORKING HEAD GAR-
DENER. for Suffolk. really Keen. to develop
garden: proved by past service to be highly proficient in
growing outdoor fruit. flowers. and vegetables: capable
organiser of men—staff five all told: age under forty:
must have been in good situation. for some years.—
Apply SECRETARY, 20, Portman Square. W.1

— — —À ——

Y ARDENER, HEAD WORKING,
wife willing board youth, large cottage halved,
all-round experience. excellent. references. good disci-
piinarian, trustworthy, energetic and enthusiastie, new
garden, cool houses. motor mower. poultry.—LADY
GIBBS, Overponds. Shackleford. Godalming.

Y ANTED. SINGLE-HANDED GAR-
DENER, no glass, single, state wages. age and
PEARCE, Sudeley Castle Gardens,

married,

experience. — A. W.
Ww neheombe, Glos.

Y ARDENER wanted for gentleman's farm
in Kent to grow flowers. Inside and Out, for
market: SINGLE-HANDED. but two vegetable gar-
deners kept: write stating salary. to MRS. SUTOR,
The Garden Club, 9. Chesterfield Gardens, Mayfair, W.1.

\ ANTED, SINGLE-HANDED GAR-
DENER, 2 aeres, knowledge of car if possible:

cottage available. wages £2.—MRs. 8. B. DOWDING.

Derwent House, Eaton Bank, Duffield. Derbyshire.

W ANTED SINGLE - HANDED GAR-
'" DENER. for Lincolnshire ; married ; Churchman;
experienced Inside and Out; age about 35; £2 weekly
and cottage.—Apply A. E. S., Box 25 3, Tavistock
Street. Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

W^SNTED. experienced SECOND GAR-
DENER of two, 20 to 40; no young family;

und rough pony ;
Hertfordshire

knives, boots. coals.
Miss CRAWSHAY,
Amersham.

good cottage.—
House, Coleshill,

W AniED FOREMAN, with a good know-

ledge of Orchids, stove, and greenhouse
plants.—State age, experience, and wages required,

CURATOR, Botanic Gardens, Birmingham.
\ TANTED. FOREMAN, Inside, with good

experience. fruit. Carnations and plants generally,
married, wages 42 -. house and veg.—G. HOW ARD,
Bawdsey Manor Gardens, Woodbridge, Suffolk.

W: ANTED, FOREMAN, for

plant house, experienced with vines. Peaches,
Carnations, and Chrysanthemums. Wages 40 -, bothy.
ete.—Particulars of experience. with copies of references
to E. W. FULLER, Lavington Park Gardens, Petworth,
Sussex.

fruit and

WV ASSEN. UNDER GARDENERS,
understand Planting and Pleasure
work.— Anpls. GARDEN OFFICE, N.-W.
British ampire Exhibition, Wembley.

ANTED, GARDENER ; single man for

houses; experienced Vines. Peaches, Carnations,
Chrysanthemums.—State age, wages, full particulars,
WATSON, Kingswood. Warren, Tadworth.

must
Grounds
Gardens,

a thorough reliable MAN for

Inside : must have had good experience
in Carnations, Chrys... fruit. and plants generally
wages £2. 10s. per week. no bothy.—GI B B,
Gardens, Hackbridge, Surrey.

W TANTED,

፥

Grange

Me thorough reliable MAN, single,
to work. Inside and Out. must. be good

decorator: state age. experience. and wages required.

no obothy.—HEAD GARDENER, LIckleford Manor.

Hitchin.

\ 7 ANTED, you NG MAN. single, not
"Y. under. 20, Inside and Out. two kept. State

aye. wages, with bothy, and all particulars: must.

be willing and be useful strong. and well. recom-

mended.—Apply, HEAD, GARDENER. Tweed. Boldre,

Lymington.

\ TANTED, MAN for the Pleasure Grounds

and Inside: 35- per week with bothy and
vegetables. — C. ABBOTT, Norbury Park Gardens,
Dorking.

GARDENERS. (1) for

ANTED, MAN,

enced, to take

age about 28, experi-

charge of D grounds.

motor lawn-mower. ete.: wages 37/-, with bothy:
6- for Sunday duty every third week —Apply,
COOK, The Gardens, Foxwarren Park, ‘obham,
Surrey.

ANTED, PLEASURE GROUND MAN,

must have had experience of trees. shrubs. and
Roses, herbaceous and = rockery plants; Sunday duty:
state full particulars of experience, age. family. wages
expected with good cottage. refs. copies only, fo—
HEAD GARDENER. Pembury Grove. Penn, Bucks.

We experienced GARDENER (0

lead Outside. large Kitchen Garden. knowledge
capable of giving
house. with electric
Veniences, to board pupils: good wages. plus 3-
duty pay every third week. and boarding fees.—
Apply. HEAD GARDENER, Lord Wandsworth College,
Long Sutton, Hants.

instruction to boy
light and all con-

ol. grafting:
pupils; good

ANTED, KITCHEN GARDENER, good

experience; no family. 38'- per week. house,
coal, light. milk. veg.—Apply F. A. STEWARD, The
Gardens Wall Hall, Watford, Herts.

Wee: YOUNG MAN, Lawns and
Kitchen garden. age about 21. Particulars and
wages with bothy.—HEAD GARDENER, Highfields,
Marlow, Bucks.

married MAN, chiefly Kitchen

Garden. about 28. Wages 35,-. with cottage.—
Apply, with copies of testimonials. to WESTBURY.
Berkswell Hall, near Coventry.

Y 7 ANTED,

DSMAN,
hand ;
Duty every third
bothy, copies of
Leggatts, Potters Bar.

We. PLEASURE GROUN
in gardens where developments are in
motor mower, herbaceous borders, etc.
week.—Write, stating wages, no
references. to SARGEANT,

OUNG MAN, married, required for

Kitchen Garden and lawn mowing, state age.
wages.—HEAD GARDENER, Ireton Wood, Idridgehay,
near Derby.

ANTED, YOUNG MAN to take lead on

pleasure grounds: experienced alpines. shrubs.
etc.; wages £2 per week. bothy., and attendance.—
W. HISCOCK, Ashwieke Hal Gardens, Marshfield.

Chippenham, Wilts.

Inside and
erlence, wages expected with
. PITTS, Pett Place, Charing.

\ ANTE SOURAN YMAN
state age,
bothy and A የች

WANTED,
Outside
charge flower
progressive 34 -
cricketer an

H. LLOYD,

active and well experienced
JOURNEYMAN, age 22 upwards.
garden, rockery, Roses, cte.: Wages
weekly, bothy and usual allowances,
asset. Gardeners please recommend.—
Tewin Water, Welwyn, Herts.

OURNEYMAN.-- Wanted, leading man
e of two, Inside. Please state age. wages with bothy,
ete.. articulars oof inside experience; references. —
A. WHEELER, Apley Park Gardens, Bridgnorth.

(^ any gardener recommend a

experienced JOURNEYMAN for Inside. also one
for Pleasure Grounds; ful particulars—Apply W. T.
SMITH, Littlecote Park Gardens, Hungerford.

፳9ሀ(1

W Ayrep, ID, JOURNEYMAN, Inside, age
22, for fruit and plant houses. under foren:an.
wages 30 -, 4- duty, bothy and attendance.—H EAD
GARDEN ER. Danesiield. Marlow, Bucks.

OURNEYMAN. Inside and Out,
e an active young man of
above, no bothy; state age,
expected: Sunday duty.—J. A.
Sutton Courtenay, Berks.

wanted
good character, as
experience, and wages
HALL, The Grange,

Inside. knowledge
about. 19; wages
LIDDLE.

Y JANTED, IMPROVER.
of Vines and Peaches, age

24-, duty paid, bothy and attendance.—t.

Garnons, Bridge Sollers. Hereford.

YHAUFFEUH - GARDENER,
— required; state fully
of reference and salary
ከ... St.
toad, Woodford Wells. Essex.

experienced.
experienec in both. length
required ; good cottage
Margaret's. Mornington

ኔ
xvi.

TRADE.

ANAGER PROPAGATOR wanted for
small herbaceous and alpine nursery.—DOWN ER,
Drayton Manor Nurseries, Chichester

ጓዝ young, experienceed NURSERY
FOREMAN, well wersed in the care of ornamental
stock in the nursery; also capable of superintending in
ornamental shipping department at delivery time.
Minimum wage 30 cents. per hour to start. Wages to
increase with proven ability. Immediate employment.
Complete references required and details of experience.

Write E. D. SMITH & SONS. LIMITED, Winona,
Ontario, Canada. Established 1882.
ANTED, working Rose and Fruit

FOREMAN, used to growing large quantities.—
Apply, giving age, wages expected. and copies of
testimonials stating where experience was gained,
S. McGREDY & SON, Royal Nurseries, Portadown.

ANTED, competent KNIFESMAN with

general knowledge of Fruit Trees, Roses. Shrubs,

Forest Trees, cte.—Appiy, with copies of testimonials

and wages wanted with free house and firing. to
MANAGER, Lissadell, Sligo.

ANTED, two single MEN for jobbing
gardening; regular work to practical. men.—
DELL, The Nurseries, Norbury, B. ነ.

ANTED, several men for pront work,
only those used to gardening need apply.—L. R.
RUSSELL, LTD., Richmond Nurseries. Surrey.

ANTED, two young men as IMPROVERS,

for Cues., Toms. and Chrys.; permanent. if
uitable. Wages £2 per week.—Apply W. EDWARDS
SONS, The Nurseries, Ammanford, South Wales.

e

ANTED, ORDER CHECKER in pack-

ing department of hardy plant nursery; please

State age, experience and wages required.—C. S. RB.
Box 4, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

AN'TED, experienced SHOPMAN, know-
ledge all lines including floral make-up.—

References, wages, age, SMAIL, 23, Lime Street, E.C.

Wear by a London Retail House,
TRAVELLER, with established connection in
southern counties; seed, bulb, and nursery trade; please

send full pareu ar of experience, age, and salary
required J. W., Box 652, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C.2.

SITUATIONS WANTED

Twenty words 238., and Gd. for every succeeding
eight words or portion thereof.
this special rate are only accepted direct from
gardeners and nursery employees.) Fee for having
replies addressed to this office, 1 8.

(Advertisements at

|

PRIVATE.

EAD GARDENER or GARDENER-
BAILIFF, thoroughly competent both depart-
ments; control of staff. estate duties, accounts. ete.; can
be well recommended by late employer, six years, and
revious employer, eleven years —BAULK, 9A Midmoor
ad, Balham, 5. W. 12.

[ igo GARDENER. BAILIFF. siete re-
commended by a Nobleman; 13 years as above:

competent all estate duties, including accounts; excellent

revious references.—Full particulars from H. STOWE,
venor; Road, Handsworth, Birmingham.

EAD GARDENER, 16

9 years in present situation ;
of all branches, Inside and Out;

years Head,
thorough knowledge
understands electric

light plant; well recommended.—HEWITT, Ashlands,

Billesdon, Leicestershire.

(15 E HEAD, of one or two, life
experience, Inside and Out, excellent references.

married. no family, age 36. cottage required.—H.

BONIFACE, Fenton House Gardens, Windmill Hill,

Hampstead, N.W.3.

THE

GARDENERS’

YARDENER, HEAD, where several are

A kept; life experience in all branches of good
establishments; control of staff; good manager; excel-
rnt puero es from present. employer, 4 years, previous
LAWRENCE, Dean Wood, Newbury.

ARDENER, HEAD, efficient all branches,

including — rockery. re-designing if — necessary ;

energetic; highly recommended; house.—HED(GECOCK.,
High Street, Fareham.

(3 ARDENER, HEAD, highly recommended,

first-class experience all branches gained at
Brocklesby, Belvoir Castle, Easton Hall, Lavington Park,

etc.:
Hall,

age 36; methodical.—E RIC
Maidstone.

EAD GARDENER, first-class practical

experience, desires re-cngagement: highest testi-
monialis, married, no family —PERKINS, 37, King's
rive,

Wigston, Leicester.

ME J. THOMPSON, Chestnut

á Oadby. Leicester, can with

mend E. ORME. as HEAD where several are kept,
20 wears! practical experience gained in good
establishments, keen and interested; excellent refs.,
age 38, married, no family; 6 years Head last
place, disengaged.—ORME, Norfolk Villa, Glenfield,
Leicester.

GOODEN, Preston

Gardens.
confħidince recom-

(3 7 7 HEAD of two or
X experience in all branches,
plant; married, one child 10; highly recommended by
resent employer; leaving through estate sold; age 35.—
. WOODCOCK, Ashby Hall Gardens, Digby, Lincoln.
RUSE is open to engagement as

1
(`, HEAD GARDENER, strongly recommended by
Sir John Harrington, K.C.M.G., practical life experience in
all branches, control of labour, trustworthy. interested,
landscape, colour schemes, etc. under Sir Edwin Lutyens,

three, life
including Electric

R.A.; estate being sold—The Hyde Gardens, near

Luton.

(1 7 ር HEAD, where two or more
X are kept ; age 42: married; one boy. age 12; life

experlence in
Kotan Lodge,

—— — — = =

all branches; well recommended.—WEST,
Wraysbury Road, Staines.

IR ROBE RT KINDERSLEY. Bart., highly
recommends his HEAD GARDENER where several
are kept; life experience in all its branches in gooil
establishments, including Dropmore Park. PA KEET LOI
shire; twenty years Head with Col. Hanbury, ('.31.(
Wexham Sprimzs; good references, married, one girl
ten years.—Apply FROST, Pilaw Hatch Hall Gardens,
Sharpthorne, Sussex.

M R. QUICK, Bridehead Gardens, Dor-
chester, highly recommends F. SLEE, as HEAD
GARDENER, where two or more are kept, or SINGLE-
HANDED, with help; age 31; married, one child;
excellent testimonials. Please state wages; free when
suited.

Oars HEAD, SINGLE-HANDED,

would take charge of Pleasure Grounds,
life experience, age 31, excellent refereuces, marrie d
when suited. State wages.—C. H. Box 6, 3,

Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W. C. 2.

Y ARDENER, HEAD or SINGLE-HANDED,

requires situation, experienced all branches; first-
class references; married when suited.—H. BARTLE,
Ribston Hall, Wetherby, Yorks.
A capable MAN is open to treat with
d. any lady or gentleman seeking such, able to handle
large or small staff, and accustomed to high-class

London
married, no family‘—

produce; life experience;
district or South preferred ;

highest references;
age 35;

METHODICAL, Box 13, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.
YARDENER, HEAD WORKING, four or

more kept; life experience Iuside aud Out, in good
establishments ; excellent references‘ age 37; married,
one child.—W. G., Box 69, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C.2.

(3 ARDENER, HEAD WORKING,

re-engagement,

seeks
life experience Inside and Out.
including fruit, flowers, vegetables, age 37, 3 years
resent Head, one child.—GREGORY, Broadwell Hill,

foreton-in-Marsh, Glos.

(3 ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, life ex-
A perience in all branches. including — alterations;

understand Electric light; good references: age 42:

married, 2 children, boy 16, girl 12.—C. SIMS, Frittenden

House Gardens, Staplehurst, Kent.

(3 ARDENER. HEAD WORKING,

three or more are kept; life experience in all
age 33. married; excellent references.—
East Street, Bridport, Dorsct.

where

branches ;
P. 20,

CHRONICLE.

— — — — —— — — — — — € ——— — — — — —— — — — — — — —— — — — — — —— — — — —— — — — — —— — MM — ——— — — —
— — — — —

192».

MARCH 7,

*Y ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, of
several, thorough practical experience all branches
Tnside and Out, gained in good establishments; last plac
12 years as Head: disengaged, owing to sale fot estate:

highly recommended: single.—G. SIMSON, 95, Lime
Walk. Headington, Oxford.
WORKING GARDENER © seek:

EA
ዛዝ”: ERA TA thoroughly experienced all branch
married, no family; well recommended.—MURBY, The

Grange, Sutton Courtney, Berks.

J H. McDOWELL, The Gardens, Woolton
eJ o House. Newbury. requires situation as GAR-
DENER, HEAD W ORKING, where three or more are
kept. age 35, six years’ good reference from present
situation.

(1 es HEAD WORKING, four or
Y more kept; life experience Inside and Out. in
good establishments; excellent references: 5 vears Head ;
age 37; two children.—F. W., Box 2, 5, Tavistock Street.
Covent. Garden. W.C. 2.

YARDENER, HEAD WORKING, life ex-

perience flowers, vine, Peaches. vegetables, etc.. in
good places; disengaged: married; good reference-.—
HAYWARD, & William Street. New Marston, Oxford.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, where

others are kept, practical experience all branches.

capable, trustworthy. well recommended, used te
selling surplus produce; 4 years present place;
married, age 39.—J. S. M. Box 15, 5, Tavistock
Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2.

STODDART, Esq.,

e his HEAD WORKING

four or more are kept; 15

perience in large establishments, 2$ years in present

situation; leaving through property being sold: age 31.

married, no family. — P. SLOANE, Tudor House
Gardens, Tudor Road, New Barnet.

highly recommends
GARDENER where
years’ practical ex-

(3 ARDENER. HEAD WORKING, firsts
ጃ class fruit. plant, vegetable grower, Inside and
Out. excellent references for hard-working, management
and abilities in good gardening.—-HAWRKES, 70. Cromwell
Road, Brentwood. Essex,

(7c BOSSE: HEAD WORKING, wher
ጃ several are kept. 30 years practical experience
Inside and Out, early and late forcing; 6 years
present situation with Lord Wyfold.: highest references.
good manager.—H. WRIGHT, Wyfold Court Gardens,
near Keading.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, life ex.
perience all branches. 8 years present situation
as Head. 9 years previous; highest testimonials, age

47, married—SEARLE, The Cottage, Uplands, Winch-
more Hill, N.
ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, seeks

re-engagement; life experience in all branches and
the management of a good establishment; thoroughl:
recommended; 6 years present place as Head ; married.
age 40. — ST EVENS, Cuffnell's Gardens, Lyndhurst.
Hants.

YENTLEMAN confidently recommends ከ1:

W second Gardener as HEAD WORKING wher
six or inore are kept. life's experience all branches.
Inside and Out, early and late forcing; keen,
ambitious worker, used to authority and controlling
labour, 34 years present; splendid references, age 33
married. no children. Please state wages. — E.
BRYANT, Purley, Reading.

ANARDENER, HEAD WORKING, ex-
perience gained in good establishments, including

Luton Hoo, Warden Park, Halton; age 30.
highly recommended, married when suited.—EGGLETO*N.
Gardens, Woodhatch Lodge, Relgate, Surrey.

YARDENER, HEAD WORKING, of two

or three, or good SECOND; life experience, Inside

and Out; excellent. reference. Leaving through death.

Age 37, married. no familv. Please state wages. with

cottage. —STANDLEY, Castle Hall, Milford Haven,
Pembrokeshire.

(175 e HEAD WORKING, requires
situation in April capable of undertaking the
management of a large. well-kept garden, knowledge ot
growing for market, wife launders if required.—Apply
H. F. H., Box 21, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,
W.C. 2.
H Eb WORKING GARDENER, life ex-
perience all branches, Inside and Out. age 52
EN no family. highly recommended.—W. J. B.
Laurel Cottage, Farnham Roy al, Bucks.

HE. AD

= ——

ኙነ 08 KIN G , Seeks

life experience, Inside and Out;
testimonials. — Temporary address:
Mills, 9, Upper Dagnal Street.

1 ARDENER.
re-engagement,
age 42; good
WARREN, co Mrs.
St. Albaus, Herts.

as above; good previous experience, well recommended,

XVil.

[35 GARDENER, certificated and expe-
rlenced, Inside and Out, private or market, under-
excellent refs.; widow;
Clarendon Villas, Wid-

We GARDENER requires flower or
garden work.—M. D. Box 11, 5.
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

Marcu 7, 1925. THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

(3^BDENER, HEAD WORKING, or | JX!ICHEN GARDEN FOREMAN, well

SINGLE-HANDED, all-round experience, in- እ" experiencel in growing regular supply vegetables
cluding roc arden and electric light; married.— | fruit, etc.; very rellable; excellent references; age 32; | stands poultry and bees,
B. E. ኽኻ, ox 7, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent | married.—S. L. A. Box 16, 5, Tavistock Street. Covent cottage desired.—TTIMMS, 2.
Garden, W.C.2. | Garden, W.C.2- combe, Bath.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, seeks WITUATION required as KITCHEN GAR-

re-engagement ; life experience in all depart- | \Y DENER and Hardy Fruit, 63 years present. situation, kitchen

ments ; marketing of surplus produce and the Tavistock Street,

general management of a good establishment: 7 years
Head; age 40. married.—R. W. L. Box 12, 5. Tavistock
Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

( ዝዛ ARDENER. HEAD WORKING, in

Oxfordshire, requires situation where several are
kept; age 49, married, no family; goed manager: life
experience; also bees and poultry.—T. R. W., Box 8
3, Tavistock street, Covent Garden. W.C. 2.

X ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, where

T two or more are kept; life experience Inside
and Out: age 32, single.—W. T. Box 9, 5, Tavistock
Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

XARDENER, HEAD WORKING, or

ጃ SINGLE-HANDED; life experience in all
branches; married, no family. Please state wages.—
J. C. W. Box 14. 3, Tavistoek Street, Covent Garden,
W.C. 2.

(eee. HEAD WORKING or good
ጃ SECOND; 18 years’ good experience, Inside and
Out. chiefly Inside; age 40. married. one boy 10:
good references.—W ELLER, 9, Poynder Terrace, Halling.

INGLE-HANDED GARDENER,
A 7 rienced. age 30, married when suited.
recommended, eottage.—€. A. B., Box 19, 5.
Street, Coveut Garden, W.C. 2.

expe-
highly
Tavistock

ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED, or other-

wise: good experience Inside and Out; age 25

married.—W. SOWDEN, Lea Farm Cottage, Garston,
near Watford, Herts.

ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED, seeks

situation ; experienced all branches; flve years
present situation; leaving, estate sold: age, 29: married
when suited.—H. W. BROWN. Firs Road. Maidenhead
Thicket, Maidenhead, Berks.

( 1 ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED: cows,
ጃ poultry, etc.. requires situation ; could take charge
of farm if required; good butter maker: cottage, near
London preferred.—K. W., Cottage, Barham Lodge,
Oatlands Drive, Weybridge, Surrey.

G ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED, or with
help, life experience; good references; well recom-
mended; no family; cottage.—BETTS, Kiddington, Oxon.

NARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED or other-
wise, age 33 years; experienced motor mower
electric light plant; good references. married,
1 child; cottage required.—F. NEWMAN, avy Cottage,
Medmenham, Marlow, Bucks.

LLWOOD BROS., Carnation

Specialists,

ፊ Hayward's Heath, have on their books a parti-
cularly efficient GARDENER, very capable in all
branches, particularly Carnations aud fruit, life expe-

rience and highest credentials.—Particulars gladly sent on
request to ALLWOOD BROS., Haywards Heath.

1 ARDENER, or SECOND, small place;

take charge glass; 12 years experience all branches :

married; ex. reífsX—ANDREWs. Polebrook. Oundle,
Northants.
ARDENER, SECOND, seeks situation,

take charge, Inside, or Inside and Out. life expe-
rience, well recommended. age 35. married when suited,
home counties preferred.—W. CROSS, Ridgemead Gardens,

Englefield Green.
ኝ R. A. GIBLETT, Hall Barn Gardens,
ye Beaconsfield, wishes to recommend L. BRIGHT-
WELL as UNDER-GARDENER, Outside, or Inside and
Out, 8 years’ experience: age 20; married.—Apply

p AREIS HEN EDS Hall Barn Gardens, Beaconsfleld,
u a

NOREMAN, Inside, life experience gained in
large establishments; past two veare here as above:
excellent refs.; disengaged when suited : married: age 31.—

BULLIMORE, Gardens, Banstead Wood, Banstead,

Surrey.

PORE AN: Inside. — married, experience
ained Rokes Nest Park, Tring Park. Westen

Park. 11 years inclusive. Orchids. Carnations, Melons,

“16. ; highly recommended. State wages.—J. SAUNDERS,

stagbury Bungalow. Chipstead, Surrey.

when suited.—W. MORRIS,
jromfleld, Ludlow, Shropshire.

age 24. married Oakly

Park Gardens,

OX ARDENER requires situation, experienced
s in all branches. 14. years testimonials. married.
—HOADLEY. 2, Gladstone Road, Rusthall, Tunbridge
Wells.

ONDONER desires outdoor work in country,

4 gardening preferred; age 24: single; excellent refs.—

Please state particulars to C. LUFF. 11. Vanderbilt
Road, Earlsfield, London. S.W.1N.

ME BENTLEY can, with confidence,
ል recommend W. JENKINS as JOURNEYMAN.
Inside, or Inside and Out; 34 years present place, age
IV. The Gardens, Port Regis. Broadstairs.

OURNEY MAN, 19, seeks situation, Inside ;
e 6 vears’ experience: good references; bothy pre-
ferred.—HR. THOMAS, Allestre? Hall. Gardens, Allestree,
near Derby.

ME: GOODALL can highly recommend
AVR JOURNEYMAN. Pleasure Grounds, in good
establishment: 3 years’ bere Kitchen Garden: age 24;
bothy cssential: erieketer. — Apply E. MITCHELL,
Grantley Ripon, Yorks.

Gardens,

JS edm age 2], seeks situation,
e Inside. 6 years’ experience: good references: bothy
preferred.—H. MERSON, The Gardens, Inwood, Temple-
combe. Somerset.

OURNEYMAN, Inside and Out, 6 years’
e experience; age 26; good references. Please state
wages and full particulars; used = duty.—H AINES,
12, Capel Hamlet, Lower Road, Chorley Wood, Herts.

OURNEYMAN, Pleasure Ground, seeks
e situation. 8 years’ experience in good establishments;
knowledge of motor mowers; good references; age 22.—
E. OVENDEN, The Gardens, Sutton Place, Guildford,
Surrey.

OURNEYMAN, age 27, single. seeks
e situation, Inside and Out: good experience; bothy

preferred.—SPINKS, 21, High Strect, Southover, : Lewes,
Sussex.

OURNEY MAN, SECOND, Inside, 33 years’
e experience: age 21; good references.—PATERSON,
Wych Cross Place Gardens, Forest. Row, Sussex.

ጓ R. H. WRIGHT can, with confidence,
i recommend S. HILL as IMPROVER, Inside, 3
years’ experience, age 18, bothy preferred, excellent
worker.—S. HILL, Wyfold Court Gardens, near Reading-

MPROVER, 183, Inside and Out: 4 years
experience, chiefly outside: bothy: well recom-
mended.—B. SKINNER, Grateley, Andover, Hants. à
MPROVER, age 19, requires. situation in
Kitchen Garden or Pleasure. Grounds, would. work
Inside if required: strong, willing. three years present
situation, good references: bothy preferred. — KNIGHT-

LY. Rockingham, Market Harborough.
1... seeks situation, Inside and
.. Out: 4 years experience; tall and. strong. age 19;

bothy preferred.—Apply JONES, Peplow Hal Gardens,
Peplow, near Market. Drayton.

MPROVER seeks situation, Inside and

Out: 4 years experience; age 18: good references.—
M. H.. Box 1, ሳባ, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,
W.C. 2.

Y OUNG MAN, age 19, 4 years good
references, seeks situation; IMPROVER, for Pleasure

Grounds; some knowledge of kitchen garden: bothy.

—AVENT, Manor Cottage, Limpley Stoke, near Bath.

"OUTH, 19, strong, willing. seeks situation,

Inside preferred. 34 years experience Kitchen
Garden; bothy.-GEORGE JEFFERIES, — Southrop,
Lechilade. Glos.

ን... age 17, seeks situation. as

IMPROVER. Inside and Out; two vears’

experience large private gardens: bothy
gool references. —R. A B. Box 10. 5,

Street. Covent Garden, W.C. 9,

Y OUTH, 17.

preferred ;
Tavistock

seeks situation in garden or

nursery ; strong, willing. slight knowledge of
Gardening.—J., 6, The Grove, Eltham.

AVAS ED in or near Croydon, Qar-

dener’s place, willing to fill in time at other

work; good refs.—G. BELL. 63, Grant Road, Addis-
combe.
HANDYMAN, electric plant, help gar-
den, willing, married. one child, excellent
references.—C. T. E. Box 20, 5 Tavistock Street,
Covent. Garden, W.C. 2.
ANDYMAN seeks situation on private
. estate. single. age 30, experienced painting,
glazing, carpentering; own tools.—PEARCE, Long
Sutton, Basingstoke.
YOWMAN-GARDIEN ER secks situation,

life experienee kitchen garden, lawns, 3 years last
place. disengaged. married, age 42, cottage, no family.~-
B., cjo 26, Cobden Road, Sevenoaks, Kent.

AOWMAN, age 34, single, seeks situation,
. 12 years good references; willing to fill up time in
Kitchen Garden. or otherwise. Please state angen ee
HARE, 50, Paddington Street, Marylebone, W.1.

TRADE.

ORKING MANAGER, age 38, desires
progressive situation, life experience. hard-wooded
ropagating. Roses, ete.. market crops, fruit under glass,
udding, grafting, spraying. present in charge 30 acres,
bush and soft fruit commercial lines, honest and trust-
worthy, take entire charge. married, house essential.—
J. W. H. Box 13, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,

W.C. 2.

ላ DVERTISER, age 87, long experience
a with leading market and retail firms, seeks
permanent position as WORKING MANAGER or
GROWER. under glass, Carnations Ferns, Tomatoes,
bulbs, bedding, pot plants, etc.; skilled Roses. Inside

and Out: also well up in wreaths. seeds, advertising,
catalogues. business organisation, travelling, ete., open to
work on moderate wage, with commission; advertiser
(well known trade name) particularly seeks a small
nursery that requires a keen and educated man with
progressive methods who will take a real interest in the
advancement of the business; full particulars exchanged
in confidence, west country preferred but not essentlal.—
TRADE, Box 17, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent. Garden,

W.C. 2.

ኝ ANAGER or WORKING FOREMAN,
yq married. experienced in horticultural and agri-
cultural matters, capable of holding position of trust;
highest references; | good cottage or house essential ;
near London preferred.—E. H. €. Box 5, 5, Tavistock
Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

4 DVERTISER, 25

years’ experience of
general nursery trade.

a desires re-engagement as
WORKING MANAGER or MANAGING FOREMAN;
Florist, exhibitor, salesman. travelling, correspondence,
P : ——— references.—BLACK BOURN, Clive House.
Alnwick.

DVERTISER, age 25, publie school,
4 two years Architectural Association, two years
Messrs. Milner, Son and White, desires work garden

designing. — H. B. CLARK, 24, Drayton Gardens,
S.W. 10.

Pon, Nursery ; life experience Vines,

Tomatoes, Chrysanths,, Bulbs. bedding stuff.
cut flowers: Inside or Out: excellent character ;
recommended.—FERNS, st. Michael's Nurseries, Park

Hill, Streatham Common, S.W.

RCM single, desires change, 4
A years’ experience in fruit and Roses: age 24 years ;
southern counties preferred.—KNIFESMAN, Box 3,
9, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2.

3 ROWER of Ferns, Cucumbers, Chrysantlis.,
" Tomatoes. Bedding Plants: single: 30 years’
experience; age 48.—BAKER, 3. Lloyds Street, Sitting-
bourne, Kent.

1 ROWER of bedding and greenhouse plants,

Tomatoes, ete. seeks situation; life experience;

single; abstainer; age 49.--ቪ. L, 1, New Cottages,
Kenton, Harrow.

ESTABLISHED 1869 -

A le poe TUE. tia RDB EN ERS : CHRON OM o Nast Te nes.

INCORPORATED 1804 -

‘HOTHOUSE | BUILDERS,

AND HEATING | ENGINEERS 30.
ከ5 MAJESTY. 3 THE. KING.

aes ae ELECTRICAL. ENGINEERS. AND. JRONFOUNDERS.
— T 'OTHOUSES: Wee afe sat present — many inportant
x. — . :Hothipuae Contracts i in seasoned. Teakwood ; "our stock of Teak-
E wood is quite up to- pre-War- standard. and. prices. are very moderate.
. Oar stock ‘of selected seasoned Redwood i is the best i in the country, but
--7 5 for the best, clase of Hothonses | we revommend Teakwood. -Repreaenta-
z tives will be sent to any part- of. the country: 46: take — and
-. prepare estimates. Please send us your enguiriea. - -~ |

LONDON-8, Cades Road, N. W. 2n» GLASGOW-— 121, St. Vincent se

EDINBURGH. (Registered Office and Works)—Balcarres Street. v.
ጨመ ነ) GLASSHOUSE, NORWEST, LONDON,’ " and " HOTHOUSE, EDINBURGH.” me oS ያ

WS ENGER & CO.

x "Horticultural Builders ad Hestis Engineers. UU LE
LONDON. “OFFICE: 122, VICTORIA STREET. WESTMINSTER, 5. wa.

Experience: ነ ን over more. than | For Heating Ranges of. Glasshouses our

Half a- Century enables "us to include : wer BORN SECTIONAL BOILER.
all that is best in the. design and spip : is. “economical in first 6055. dns fixing, and
ment of Glasshouses ያ e in fuel consumption. |

i | Hot Water Pipes, Valves, and all Heating. Acces. |
Estimates free. Interviews by appointment | sories direct from our own Foundry. -

i in lined Punt of the country. Contracts undertaken for. complete Installations,

— — ‘ree Be — — መ C — * P ።።ም SA | Mires Kinoal Bor Tandon

FOR “GREENHOUSE. TELERS a ፡
80ር8፻080. 5 “BIS SONO TURULAR BOILERS ; d RN CUL

Has Waie Vales - m ናጋ 2 Vemilatiog Gui 2 ፡

Awarded Gold ዘ, 8: ከሌሄዜ] Exhibition 1912. ^93

Heating ` Apparatus restad | 4n amy park. RF the: Kingdom one es
FORTY YEA RS' EXPERIENCE

Co. Ltd. ከል በበ a LONDON. 5E a !

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11.

THE

GARDENERS

CHRONICLE,

Marcu 14, 1925.

SALES BY AUCTION.

Wednesday Next, March 18th,

IMPORTANT TRADE SALE OF

Spring and Summer-flowering Bulbs,
Including Cases of GLADIOLUS, EARLY ' and
LATE - FLOWERING ; DOUBLE and SINGLE
BEGONIAS, GLOXINIAS, HARDY JAPANESE LILIES
in variety, SPIRAEAS, LILY - OF- THE- VALLEY,

DELPHINIUMS, PAEONIES, ANEMONES, etc.,

Roses, Herbaceous Plants, and Fruit Trees, etc.
Together with consignments of
BAY TREES, PALMS, ASPIDISTRAS,
RHODODENDRONS, BOX TREES, etc.,
from the Continent.
ESSRS. PROTHEROE & MORRIS,

will sell the above at their SALE ROOMS,
67 and 6, CHEAPSIDE, E.C. 2.

Catalogues post free on application.

By order of Executors of

Mr. G. B. Shoults, deceased.
FINCHLEY.

On main road and close to Station. Valuable
FREEHOLD LAND, with RESIDENCE,

known as Shoult’s Nursery.

Area over 2 acres. Important building frontages to

Alexander Grove, Hutton Grove, and Ballards Lane.

40,000 square feet in rear suitable for garages motor
works or other purposes.

ESSRS. PROTHEROE & MORRIS will
offer the above by Auction at THE LONDON
AUCTION MART, 155, Queen Victoria Street, on
Tuesday, March 24, at 2.30 p.m.,
lota.

Plan and particulars of Messrs. Barfleld & Barfield,
Solicitors, 1, West Street, E.C.2, and of the Auctioneers,
67 & 68, Cheapside, London, E.C. 2.

in two or five

BUSINESSES FOR SALE.

ላ LL desirous of buying or selling a
í Nursery. Market Garden. Florist's. or Frulterers’
Business, should write AUBREY & CO., 06. Newgate
Street, London, E.C.1. who have a good selection. to
offer. Purchasers are invited to state their requirements.

"OR SALE. a valuable, old-established
Freehold Nursery, in busy West of England market

town, comprising nearly 6 acres o£. land. 6 Glasshouses
(approximately 7.000 super feet), including 2 recently
built and separately heated, 2 ranges of brick built. Cold
Frames, Shop. Office, Packing Room. Store Sheas, ete.

There is à good supply of well water. and in addition
the town water and gas are laid on.

The business has been established a century and affords
a splendid investment.

The proprietor is desirous of disposing of the whole
as a going concern for private reasons.

Price £4,000 complete, or at an agreed. valuation.

Apply Q. ነነ. R., Box 24. ». Tavistock Street, Covent

Garden, W.C. 2.
ITH immediate possession, in popular
South Coast resort, nursery, florists’ and

Jandscape gardener's business ; good connection. compact
and central; 400 feet glass. good d.f. shop. well-
appointed house adjoining (optional); lease 16 years
unexpired, option renewal: owner going abroad ;
sacrifice, including stock, £800.—B. M. R, Box 30,
5, Tavistock Street. Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

BUSINESS TO LET.

Tro BE LET OR SOLD, small retail

nursery, freehold, about 100 ft. run of glass. in
Muswell Hill.—Apply OUTREMONT. Grove Avenue,
v. 10.

ove

MANCHESTER.

IMPORTANT NOTICE OF SALE

THE “OAK COTTAGE”
COLLECTION OF ORCHIDS

formed bv the late

MR. JOHN HAMILTON
PENDLETON,

MANCHESTER.

WALKER,

This Collection is well known in the North of
Valuable and
Choice Cypripediums of recent introduction.

England, and contains

manv

The principal items in the Collection are:

500 CYPRIPEDIUMS
in Choice Variety, including a fine batch of

60 plants of Cypripedium Maudie.

1,200 ODONTOGLOSSUMS
embracing a fine collection of Doin Crispums
and other good Hybrids.

250 DENDROBIUMS in excellent variety.
50 CYMBIDIUMS, fine large plants.
200 MILTONIAS

specially fine plants and choice vorieties.

Catalogues of this Choice Collection are
now readv, post free.

A. J. KEELING & SONS,
Orchid Specialists,
Westgate Hill, BRADFORD.

PROPERTY FOR SALE.

R* YLEIGH, Essex (London | hour.
0L. & N. E. Riy) compact) Model Nursery. 1930
feet. of glass, modern construction. special heating; brick-
built bungalow. 4 bed,
stabling. matured garden:
freehold. —SORREELLS. 358.
on-Sea.

reception room, offices. sheds,
over 3 acres jn all. €3.000,
Clarence Street. Southend-

— — 5 — —

OR SALE, small Nursery. nearly ገ

ucro.
200 ít. class. heated, frames: well. stocked: close

good market: south-coust town. growing district.
£(50. freehold. | £200 could. remain.—Apply A. P.
Box 42, 5. Tavistock Street. Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

Price

BUSINESS CARDS.

AMES BACKHOUSE, F.LS., F.R.H:S.,
for many years Chairman of the late firm of James
Backhouse and Son, Limited, having retired from York,
offers his services as GARDEN CONSULTANT: 30 years’
experience, specially in connection with Alpine and
Herbaceous Plants; advice given for Buck Garden
construction and planting, also for permanent flower
borders, boundary. plantations, eto.—Address for terms to
Caer Fegla. Arthog, North Wales.

LP :
NA

TENDER.

IN LIQUIDATION.

THE CYRIL HALL NURSERIES LTD.
SOUTHBOURNE, BOURNEMOUTH.
Established 1021.
qe DEES are invited for the purchase of

this business for disposal as a going concen.

LESLIE I
Bournemouth

nursery stock in

Ful particulars from the
MA l AS. od.
34 acres of

Liquidator,
Old Christchurch Road,
wel kept general
excellent condition.

First-class growing district.

EXHIBITIONS.

Whitehall Horticultural Society.

BRISTOL
FLORAL FETE

WILL BE HELD ON

Friday & Saturday, 24th & 25th July

IN

PACKERS RECREATION GROUNDS.

OPEN CLASSES MEDAL AWARDS
TO TRADE EXHIBITORS

Hon. Secretary :

T. CRAWFORD,
The Limes, Johnsons Road,
Whitehall, Bristol.

GREAT INTERNATIONAL SHOW

EDINBURGH,
9th, 10th and 11th September, 1925.

SCHEDULES NOW READY.

Mav be had on application to:

The Secretary,
DONALD MACKENZIE, S. S. C.
ga, St. Andrew Square, Edinburgh.

British Carnation Society, Spring Show.
ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY’S HALL
Thursday, March 26th, 1925, 12 noon to 5 p.m.

ANNUAL DINNER, Tuesday, May 5th.

P. F. BUNYARD, Hon Sec
57, Kidderminster Road, Crovdon.

Please note—

LEEDS CHRYSANTHEMUM SHOW
will be held on November 6th and 7th, 1925.

VALUABLE CUPS AND PRIZES OFFERED

For Schedules, apply :
F. STABLER, The Gardens, Cookridge Hall,
Horsforth, Leeds.

a te ን... — Tub GARDEN VERS Ue ARON She E NUES LE

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MÀ

ኦ IUNII

der. ፡ ES GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

፦ : ዬ - ረ *

+

Grown Rose Trees are

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diff rent. conditions. jn “The. soll: “of your garden AR oS
hostile roit. You cannot. reasonably. expert dt ta o
- flourish, If it can be procured fora few pence ir >
ig because. she seller. knows. Te cannot aet E better

8 future you ‘lace a — — ; agaist . :
Carns IRA A buy guaranteed - ‘Brinsh-grown - ice
rose trees: whicl 1 nave t his Trade Mark Seal. attached | fe
to them. Every tree should bear the seb. (om ;

without. a seal my be a frame bu Seer ain

— Fog SUR eR ES ^ had s ps —
HE 5 8808 "ROSE. “GROWERS” ASSOCIATION
eee | 8 Bedford ‘Square, London: wo

se

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qa eyg. gass. 19 IL 881 1 1፡69, 818. AN Carnan buds

| WILLIS Bros. በዘልዬደቦ ደን Ltd. j ፡

HUNE er DIR SP AL ረድ ጄው 7 ከር Jd a

——— arnt iN ge E ፍያ. ዓ።ም ዱያ UNE መረ 7) ካይ ደሚ. - ከመ ሁት ሪዳ4ይ ry

Te 1925. .

| "WILLIS, BROS.
|| Gar en. Fertiliser

THE BEST ON THE ነ
-NO STABLE. MANURE REQUIRED.
Bor: ‘digging in or as a top dressing. For
Kitchen Gardens ar Herbaceous - Borders.

፻፳ roo” 41 Carriage Pad. ;
CLAWR SAND AND DAISY ‘KILLER.

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emm fy? ewurd opt erecting. Me: grasses o 11:5:

nr lasvns - P
J d m tins dial fec ሓ,1., zu Ai itatea Jai.

, — — — —

LAWN. MANURE.

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| HOUSE'S. NEW SCABIOUS

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` | TEM DISTINCT NAMED VARIETIES FOR 3/8.
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| T Ae. "CONWAY, Kewgardia,

“INSECTICIDE |
.FUMERS

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—

Marcu 14. 1925.

THE

Gardeners’ Chronicle

No. 1994—SATURDAY, MARCH 14, 1925.

CONTENTS.
Alpine Garden— Kew in 10:24. ... ... 175
Ranunculus rutae- Maxwell, | sir John
folius ... — ... 186 Stirling ... $us we 175
Alpines — from — seeds, May. Mr. H. B. ... 176
raising ... 0.2. ... 180 | National Potato Society 176

oaks, notices of—
botanical Magazine ... 175
Cultivated Plants in

Obit narvy—
Mrs. ዘ. W. Ward .. 12

Orchid. notes and glean-

|. ancient „Egypt is 133 ings—
Journal n the 8.8.5... Dendrobiums ... we FRE
Gardens Club S ከበ New hybrid Orchids — 152
Daphne Laureola ... 19) The Calanthe... E bE
1 ር. ር Parks and Gardens ... 183
Florists’ flowers— as
New perpetual-flower- Pea, 8 four-podded ... 19
ing Carnations — ... 183 Plants new or note-
Winter - flowering | worthy—
Stocks or 2 182 Pittosporum corni-
ዓ > oliu 1 ... ... 177
Forestry... — ... 086 5 i $ 2 2
n Nocjeties—
Fruit garden, — the Royal Horticultural 1090

market ,., Ms see IRT
e Gardeners’ Chronicle "

seventy-five vears ago 177
Garden in antiquity,

United Horticultural
Benefit and Provi-
dent... A5 s 410.

Tomatos out-of-doors ... 188

the -. tee ... 154 Trees and shrubs—
Hardy flower border— Abies numidiea ... 185
Astilbes .. s. a Azara Gilliesii., — ... 1*5
Hepaticas.., e 199, 189 Cotoneaster rotundi-
Ideal Home Exhibition, folia ... n ... 1855
the gardens at the .., 186 Drimys Winteri ... 185
Indoor plants— Rhod 0 d endron $
Lachenalias ... . 181 ipo NE Im

Richardia africana ... 180
International Hortieul-

Vegetable erops, the
condition of the

tural Exhibition at market ... e e. 176
Haarlem .. 176 Week's work, the :2 128
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Anemone Hepatica . .... * is m. ቸም ., 179
Azara Giliesii ... M n — - ie S. 08
* Riviera" garden exhibited at the Ideal Home
Exhibition, by Messrs. J. Carter and Co. 187

Culinary Pea: a four-podded. 189; hybrid three-
padded. 189; small three-podded, 189; wild three-

podded ... a F F F A m e. 1ኮ9
International Exhibition at Haarlem, plan of ... 181
May. Mr. H. B., portrait oi... — EN m s. 1:6
l'ittosporum cornifoliuin — a bs ^n I rr.

— — — — — — ——
AVERAGE MEAN TEMPERATURE jer the
deduced from observations
years at Greenwich. 41-9 .
ACTUAL TEMPERATURE—
The Gardeners’ Chronicle Otee, 3. Tavistock Street.
Covent. Garden, London. Wednesday, Mareh 11,
10 a.m. Bar. 30-3, temp. 42 . Weather, Dull.

- ኤ- -- — — — — — esee UOO

ensuing week
during the bast. fifty

THE custom of publishing
Kew in 1924, separately an annual. Report

on the year's work at Kew,
which began soon after the Gardens became
a national establishment in 1841, fell into
abeyance with the inauguration of the. Kew
Bulletin in 1887. In-as-much, however, as
experience has shown that a sufficiently full
annual report cannot conveniently be “pub.
lished in the Bulletin, the custom of a
separate annual report has—and we think
wisely—been revived. Everyone interested
in horticulture takes an almost proprietary
interest and pride in the Royal Gardens,
Kew, and although bare print cannot be
a satisfactory substitute for the periodical
pilgrimage to the mecca of British horti-
culture, yet when circumstances proscrihe
the visits, to read an account. of what is
going on in the Gardens is some consolation
for not having witnessed it. Moreover, as
few outside the Gardens realise, Kew is
an institution of world-wide fame and far-
reaching activities. Its correspondents are
scattered all over the world, and from all
parts come seeds and plants and questions
and problems ; and so the annual Report

THE GARDENERS

is likely to be read more universally than
any other official publication whatsoever. In
the present. Report- for 1924 the sojourner
in remote parts of the Empire may learn
how storm and flood have played havoc with
the river bank and breached the Gardens,
and they may note as indicative of the
slow but sure devotion of the public services—
that ‘tas three authorities are concerned the
filling’ in of the breach may be somewhat
delaved." Of large changes in the Garden,
one which will meet with general commen-
dation is the removal of the rows of Atlantic
Cedars from the central portion of the Cedar
vista. The trees planted in 1871 were far
too close, and had for vears needed to be
pruned closely in order to maintain any vista
at alll Every. gardener makes mistakes, as
the close planting of these trees exemplifies ;
but the wise gardener is he who recognises
the mistakes he does make and has the
courage to rectify them. It is interesting: to
read that. the. cold, moist. summer of 1924
proved as kindly to vegetation at Kew as it
proved, no doubt, uncongenial to the visitors.
Roses bloomed profusely, lawns and many
trees and shrubs which had been injured. by
the drought of 1921 regained their vigour.
Among additions made during the vear, some
of the chief are a bequest of Orchids by the
late Hon. N. Charles Rothschild, including
the Phalaenopsis collection long cultivated at
Tring, whilst South Africa. most generously
gave its Wembley exhibit of Succulents and
other native plants, including a specimen of
the interesting Testudinaria elephantipes and
numerous Mesembryanthemums belonging to
the curious. sphaeroid group. — Botanical
exploration has resulted in the acquisition
by Kew of a vast number of seeds of plants
likely to prove of garden or economic value,
and it is testimony of the great and increasing
regard in which the institution is held that
no fewer than seven hundred and forty-nine
separate consignments of living plants and
seeds were received during the year by far
the largest number sent in any vear since
the establishment of the Gardens. Kew, as
it should be, is as open-handed to give as
it is to receive plants, and distributed some
ten thousand packets of seeds to botanic
gardens, nurserymen by wav of exchange,
or to educational institutions by way of gift.
One of the most interesting announcements
made with respect to future developments is
that it is proposed to issue presently a series
of monographs on horticultural genera, thus
extending the work already begun at Edin-
burgh and the Arnold Arboretum. Such a
series will be most welcome. New intro-
ductions are so numerous and hybridisation
so busy that the gardener needs more help
than he at present. can readily obtain in
determining the names of the plants he
grows. Beside the activity of Kew as a
garden is that of the institution. as a
herbarium, and although this is not the
place to descant on the latter, it is but right
that we should recognise— as all gardeners
should--the essential importance of the
collection. of dried plants without which
the correct naming of living ones would be,
in many cases, all but impossible. The
Report makes pleasant reading, for although
of necessity, full of detail, such detail is
testimony to the energy and ability which
the staff bestow in their multifarious work.
How much that work is appreciated is shown
that in despite of the raininess of last vear
over ài million-and-a-half visitors went to
Kew -an increase of nearly four hundred
thousand over the number of the previous
year. The removal of the charge of one

CITRONTICLE.

- — ————M — —— — — ውጨ. —

penny for admission, . which took place as
from April, r924, was, no doubt, in large
measure responsible for the increase, and if
so, we shall take pleasure in remembering
that we always protested against the penny-
wise-pound-foolish system of taxing visitors
to Rew.

Sir John Stirling Maxwell.—The announce.
ment of Sir John Stirling Maxwell's
resignation of the post he has held for

some years a8 a member of the Forestry
Commission, will be received with profound
regret by all who have the re-afforestation
of the country at heart. The retiring
Commissioners experience of affairs. his
knowledge of the country as a whole and
Scotland in particular, as well as his life-
long interest in the practical side of
arboriculture, have been ungrüdgingly placed
at the service of the country since he
joined the Commission.

Forestry Commission.— Thco King has approved

of the appointment of Mr. Walter Robert
Smith, J.P., as a member of the Forestry
Commission in room of Sir John Stirling

Maxwell, Bart.. resigned. At the request. of
the Forestry Commission Nir John Stirling
Maxwell has ccnsented to continue to advise
the Commission on Scottish matters.

* Botanical Magazine.”-—Part 1I. of Vol.
CL. contains illustrations and descriptions of
eleven plants. Rhododendron glischrum, t.
9035, is closely akin to R. habrotrichum:
the chief character of the species is the
peculiar hair covering. The flowers are in
umbels of ten to fifteen or more, and of
a pale lilae or mauve-pink colour; the
species is a native of north-west Yunnan.
Primula melanops, t. 9036, has a very
striking inflorescence of deep violet or
Tyrian - purple flowers with a black eye;
the long, linear-lanceolate foliage has meal
on the underside of the blades, often slightly
yellowish. Clematis napaulensis, t. 9037, is
a Chinese species discovered by Mr. George
Forrest in 1912, and 15 apparently an ever-
green species. The flowers are solitary,
arising from the leaf- or tendril-axils of
the spurs, with creamy or greenish-white,
silky sepals and purple stamens which are
the attractive part of the flower. Monthretia
laxiflora, t. 29038, was deseribed by Mr.
Worsley in Gard. Chron., October 7, 1905,
p. 269, under its synonym "Tritonia Clusiana.
It is distinguished by horn or peg-shaped
processes which rise at a right angle from
the three lower segments of the perigone.
The flowers are red or reddish-purple. Cyr-
torchis bistorta, t. 9039, is an epiphytic
Orchid with racemes of white flowers that.
have long, greenish spurs. The plant was
originally placed by Rolfe amongst Angraecum,
but he transferred it subsequently to Listro-
stachys, and it is interesting to learn that
the mistake was made owing to disturbance
in the development. of the inflorescences
through the tips of the spurs being caught
in the pockets formed by the bracts, with
the result. that they were bent in the shape
of an N. Specimens at Kew, however,
developed normally and provided material
from which the plate was prepared. Agapetes
speciosa, t. 8040, is a very showy shrub
discovered some twenty-five years ago
by Mr. J. T. Bennet-Poé in à large clump
of imported Orchids: he subsequently ex.
hibited it at one of the meetings of the
Roval Hortienltural Society, and it was
described by Dr. Hemsley as a new species.
|! makes a fine plant for a warm groen-
house, producing handsome, crimson coloured,
tubular blossoms. Aeginetia indica, t. 9041,
belongs to the Orobanchacene. and looks very
much like a terrestrial Orchid. |t. forms a
parasite on the roots of grasses and has
oblong, fleshy yellow or red scales, and
one-flowered, pale yellow or almost orange
coloured scapes with red streaks. The calyx
forms a boat-shaped spathe; the corolla is

one.
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mund surpass tho single Llu» of a good
deep shade. Through the foliage being
evergreen the blooms do not show to full
advantage on account of being mixed with
and partly smothered by the persistent
weather-worn leaves of the previous spring.
One wonders whether any harm would
ensue if these were snipped off during the
winter prior to the flowering!

Sir Herbert Maxwell refers to this plant
as an Anemone. If we pay heed to the
latest expressed opinion of Kew, then this
is hardly now correct. Mr. J. Hutchinson
in his recent revision of the genera of the
Ranunculaceac (Kew Bulletin, 1923, No. 2,
p. 72) separates Hepatica from Anemone as
a distinct genus--& return to the views of
the older systematists before the publication
of the Genera Plantarum of Bentham and
Hooker. Hutchinson’s separation appears
sound, for not only does Hepatica differ
from Anemone in its calyx-like involucre
and evergreen leaves, but also in tho way
the flowers are borne, as the writer has
ascertained for himself. In Anemone the
flower or inflorescence is terminal; but in
Hepatica the flowers are axillary, each
proceeding from the axil of a scale leaf.
According, therefore, to the latest authority,

the subject. of this article becomes once
more Hepatica triloba and is no longer to
he styled Anemone Hepatica. The genus,

Hepatica, as now newly constituted, con-
tuins besides triloba, three other closely
allied species. J. Parkin, Blatthwaite, Wigton,
Cumberland.

RAISING ALPINES FROM SEEDS.

THE acclimatisation of alpine plants ከሃ
raising them from seeds is, if not the
quickest, at least the safest of all the
methods of propagation and one now prac.
tised in many gardens where Nature is
accepted as the teacher. The plants of the
mountains are almost all perennials; they

disseminate their seeds in the autumn just

before the time of rain and snow. Different
causes assist the seeds to enter the 8011
during the winter, and at the first sign of
spring germination takes place in the best

conditions possible after a slow preparation.
These conditions. unfortunately, are rarely
provided in gardens.

Certain methods of raising alpine plants
from seeds are adopted at Floraire and
these have proved so successful that there
are very few failures. Although in the case
of certain kinds (many Ranunculaceae—not
all--Umbelliferae, Rutaceae, | some Primu-
laceae, [rideae, Liliaceae, ete.) germination
i3 more or less slow, the generality of seeds
germinate casily and freely. Success depends
upon the atmospheric conditions of the
country and raisers must give due con-
sideration to climate--whether it be conti-
nental or insular, whether in north, boreal,
or mountain districts, or warm and destitute
of snow, frost and cold. Generally speaking,
seeds of most mountain plants (and I mean
those of every mountainous country in the
world! may be treated similarly with some
extra caro in certain instances. Small seeds,
like those of Saxifraga and Crassulaceae, for
instance, must be carefully placed on the
soil and not buried in it; this necessitates
great caro in watering, otherwise the water
may carry the seeds away. Slow germi-
nating kinds should be sown deeper and
kept apart from the rest. the pots or pans
being kept free from weeds until the seed.
lings appear.

Several methods are adopted to hasten
germination. The so-called stratification
method consists in placing. the seeds in
layers in beds of sand and allowing them
to remain. for several months: subsequently,
if placed under suitable. conditions they
Kerminate rapidly. The. faet that seeds

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

— — — — —— a — —

from berries are slow to germinate recalls
the fact that the fruits are generally eaten
by birds or animals and that the intestine

acids soften the seeds and so ensure a
rapid germination when they fall to the
ground. Reasoning from this there has

arisen the method of treating seeds with an
acidic solution in order to accelerate germi-
nation. Mr. Waugh, of the Vermont
Experimental Station, U.S.A., contributed to
The Gardeners’ Chronicle of December 1l,
1897, p. 420, an interesting note concerning
some experiments made in the artificial use
of diastase (malt) in the germination of
seeds. He suggested a solution of five per
cent. or ten per cent. of fresh malt The
seeds were soaked for twenty-four Qr
forty-eight hours in the strained solution,
the moisture drained off and the seeds
planted. The results were good. Mr. Stewart,
of the Royal Botanic Garden at Edinburgh
(The Garden, February 16, 1924, p. 92)
recommends the use of permanganate of
potash in the proportion of five per cent.
to ten per cent. In the French cultures of
Maté, in Missiones (Argentine) they treat
the seeds of Ilex paraguensis (Maté) in a
ten per cent. solution. of muriatic acid, as
do the German Rose growers for the seeds
of Rose canina. Some of these methods
have been tested at Floraire and with good
results, but they are rather disagreeable to
carry out and we prefer to sow the slow
germinating seeds in special pots which are
placed separately in a deep frame. The
first seeds to germinate are those of the
Cruciferae, the Cistineae, Papilionaceac, Com-
positae, Viola, Crassulaceae, Caryophillaceae,
Malvaceae, Campanulaceae, Labiatae, Valer-
ianeae; and, in the Ranunculaceae family,
the Aquilegia and Delphinium; the Papa-
veraceae, Hypericum, Saxifraga, Boraginae,
Lobeliaceae, Rosaceae (except the berries,
Rosa and Rubus); Primulas of the farinosa
group, ete. Primula seeds are capricious:
some, those of the P. farinosa and P.
japonica groups, germinate rapidly, but ‘the
others, and especially those of the Auricula
group, germinate slowly. They should be
sown in moist, spongy soil like that used
for the Pinguicula, Orchids and the
Pyrolas. Some seeds (alpine Poppies, for
instance, and Draba pyrenaica) should be
sown in poor, sandy soil.

The composition of the soil for the
reception of seeds is not so important as it
is for the permanent position of the plants.
It is necessary to have a light, porous
soil, in which the small germ and the
tender roots can develop without difficulty.
At Floraire we use one part of peat or
turf. one of light loam and one of sand.
The sand must be destitute of lime in the
case of ealciphobous (lime-hating) plants.
Peat is now used in place of leaf-mould
as the latter attracted earthworms. Ample
drainage is essential and in the case of a
dry and continental climate a little layer of
Sphagnum-moss over the drainage helps to
regulate the moisture. This addition ensures
better results and we have * marked with a
white stone" the day we conceived thc
idea of using Sphagnum in the bottom of
the seòd pots. The use of Sphagnum when
sowing seeds of alpine plants is a matter of
the በኩ! importance, especially in conti-
nental climates. I go farther and would
advise people who live in the south or in
hot and dry countries to introduce chopped
or sifted Sphagnum-moss into the compo-

sition of the soil. Sphagnum-moss is the
best possible regulator of humidity; it acts
like à sponge. attracting. retaining and then

giving out the water as the soil requires it.

The best time to sow seeds of alpines
depends upon the country in which. they
are sown. 1] snow is of regular occurrence
then sow the seeds in late autumn. and
expose the pots. pan or boxes. so that they
become covered with snow. Numerous. ex-
periments have been made at Floraire. on
the important accelerating effect of snow
upon germination, ] cannot repeat all 1

MARCH 14, 1925.

have published on this subject*, but since 1
first gave the advice I have had numerous
proof that the snow-method is the best for
raising all the delicate seeds and of ensuring
quick germination. <A friend of mine has
raised at Davos (Grisons) the most capricious
and difficult of seeds with such success that
I could not believe it until I} saw it. The
best method is to put snow over the
sowings, then, after a fortnight or more.
expose the pots or boxes to moderate heat:
after a few days the seeds germinate like
weeds. Old seeds of Phlox decussata which
would not germinate in the ordinary way.
came up like grass under this method.
Snow has a wonderful effect upon germi-
nation.

Some seeds are best sown just after
are harvested; such is the case with
Anemone, Ranunculus, Thalictrum, Paeontes,
Eryngium. Primula and Gentiana. On one
occasion. | sowed seeds (just ripe) of Adonis
vernalis, Anemone alpina and A. sulphurea.
some Paconies and Eryngium alpinum. The
seedlings appeared from ten to twenty days
after the sowing and showed their third
leaves in October to November. Seeds from
the same harvest were sown in the spring.
eight months after they ripened: these
remained from two to three years before
germinating. Some thirty years ago, at
Cheshunt, in Mr. Pauls nursery, I sew
boxes of Anemone alpina and A. sulphurea
in which seedlings were appearing three
years after sowing; I had sent the seeds
and was certain they were fresh; but,
instead of being sown in autumn, they were
not sown until the spring!

Certain seeds germinate best in a cold
frame or perhaps a slightly heated one if
very damp, to prevent loss by rotting, but
it is & mistake to put them in a heated
house. On one occasion I received two
letters in the same week containing reference
to the results obtained with seeds of alpines
sent from Floraire. One writer could not
write too gratefully of the success achieved :
the other was desperate because he had no
success. The two lots of seeds were of
similar kinds. Both were sown in England,
one in the south, the other in the mid-
lands; the first writer, the one who suc-
ceeded, had sown his seeds in pans and
pots put under a cold frame: the other,
who failed, placed his seeds in a hot-house!

If seeds of alpine plants are sown in
spring, water must be supplied regularly
and on no account should the soil be
allowed to become dry. The Sphagnum
method is always desirable, but specially so
for spring sowings. H. Correvon, Floraire,
Geneva.

they

INDOOR PLANTS.

RICHARDIA AFRICANA.

APART from market gardening it is seldom
that one sees four houses filed with the
above-named plant. At the end of the past
vear l walked through a long range of
Peach houses and vineries in the gardens at
Stoke Park, Slough, and found the whole
floor of each of four divisions covered with
the plants in eleven-inch pots. The tubers
are planted out during the summer, and
potted up carly in autumn. They had been
flowering for some time and looked as if
they would continue to bloom all the winter.
Mr. Jennings, the gardener, believes in
growing them in cool conditions, and in giving
top ventilation, more or less, every day. Each
plant was of large size. full of vigour, well
furnished with healthy foliage and producing

spathes of corresponding size. Although
they were being cut more or less every
dav. other spathes in various stages of
growth eould be seen at the rate of four

* Piantes do Montagnes eties Rochers, Pp. 21-23.

| ዘ 14 1889: o EE "ዘደ GARDENERS” CHRONICLE. ጋ. P NEA

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cov My. endorses ‘jhe opmions expre&ed: bv. ‘the Secreimoes of many i —
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BY aanging a free demonstration an tous own guess without dbligation:, RE ASA e t
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Cite — Aeliveored and Guaranteed: engraved SN HC /
Sead Li Free! Bosklots Pat Naras 40413... Notes ob Brake 1 ህ.. ን

È CHAS. H. PUGH, Limited, | ^
ቷ 5 Whitworth Noris 32, Pte Road, i
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“WEED: DESTROYERS.

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እ1ለ868 14. 1923. THK GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. 181

— — — — — — — — — — —À — e — — — — — —— — — — — — — — MÀ —À—M —— A A— ——— — —— —— țyġoS

to six or more in each pot. The plants are Last July, espying some strange-looking bulbs It is this wonderful lasting quality of the
watered and fed judiciously, the aim being in a corner of a friend's greenhouse | bloom that has impressed me so forcibly,
to secure a long succession of spathes as casually asked what they were. He replied, surpassing in this respect any other bulbous
they are wanted. The method of culture nonchalantly, ** Cape. Cowslips; you can have plant I know. My chance Lachenalias are
was conducive to this end. There was no them if vou like." 1 took them, not knowing apparently the common species. L. tricolor.
complaint about disease amongst them, such them by this name. On looking up the plant | am anxious now to try some of the
as occurs where they are forced. for market, I became a little crestfallen to find they more showy hybrids extolled by W. D.
and the plants themselves did not show — were the bulbs of my hitherto little-estimated How 18 it that so few bulb firms seem to
any. J. F. acquaintance, Lachenalia. However, M crammed stock them? ] have glanced through

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FIG. 70.CPLAN OF THE INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION AT HAARLEM.
(see p. 176).

A(" ` AS . : a
LACHENALIAs. them into a good-sized) pot in August and some catalogues that lay to hand and
W. Ds short. eulogistic article on these kept (them near the roof-glass in a cold failed to find them listed. Apparently
Cape bulbous plants in a recent issue of — greenhouse. They soon responded by sending — Lachenalias are very easily grown, provided
The Gardeners’ Chronicle (February 28, p. 144) up a fine erop of foliage, followed by an ክ cold greenhouse is available.

prompts me 1) pen a few lines respecting abundance of flower spikes. The flowers were Besides their lasting quality Lachenalias
their merits. Baehenalias in the past have sufficiently advanced to be brought into the have this additional advantage: they do
never appealed to ine. strongly. By a chance house for decoration towards the end of not beeome leggy and unmanageable as pol
coincidence 1 happened to grow ዜ pot of January, and the plants have continued in subjects before the flowering period is over,
them for the first. time this winter and have flower. ever since, looking as if they might like Hyacinths and Narcissi. They do not

now become aware of their value for late remain fresh and floriferous for another therefore, need artificial support. The some-
winter or carly spring indoor decoration. month. what careless manner in whieh the bulbs

were treated has revealed the way they should
be grown for effect, viz., a number should be
placed in a fairly large pan. A quantity
of flowering spikes will then be obtained,
well furnished all round with gracefully
drooping and pleasingly spotted leaves—the
whole making a suitable decoration for a
hall table. In fact the admiration it may
receive depends largely on the taste shown
in the position it is allotted in the
dwelling. It wants a place to itself.
Lachenalias placed near brightly - coloured
Hyacinths and Tulips would not provide colour

harmony and as a cut flower one could
hardly imagine the Lachenalia to be a success.
J. P. (Carlisle.

ORCHID NOTES AND GLEANINGS.

DENDROBIUMS.
Tue beautiful group of
raised chiefly in his
Frederick J. Hanbury,
hurst, East Grinstead, at the meeting of
the Royal Horticultural Society on Feb-
ruary 24 was of great interest. The Brock.
hurst strain of D. Gatton Monarch, Florence
E. King and others of the large-flowered,
_brightly-coloured class were shown in pro-
fusely-flowered specimens, whilst the Ains-
worthii and Euryalus varieties also made a
fine display, and the whole served as a
reminder that the season of blooming of
this charming genus has commenced and
these Orchids will be attractive for a long
time with their fragrant blooms. Mr.
Hanbury has worked long and successfully in
raising novelties of Dendrobiums, including
the rare D. Hanburyi (Dalhousianum x
fimbriatum oculatum).
Looking back over the period that Den-

Dendrobivmxs
gardens, shown by
Esq., F.L.S., Brock-

TH E GARDENERS’

T. B. ot oat had at Woodhatch, Reigate;
the grand exhibits of the late Norman C.
Cookson, Oakwood, Wylam, who raised many
fine crosses from still rare species; and
Richard G. Thwaites, Esq., Chessington,
Streatham, who gave a great impetus to the
yellow class with his D. 'Thwaitesiae and
D. chessingtonense. Sir Jeremiah Colman,
Bt., Gatton Park, has produced over seventy
distinet crosses of Dendrobium, all good and
some unique, Golden Ray and Gatton
Sunray being two good examples of his success
in breeding fine varicties.

For the introduction of
hybridists are largely
firms including the late firm of Messrs.
James Veitch and Sons which specialised
both in species and hybrids; Messrs. Charles-
worth and Co., Messrs. Sanders, and Messrs.
Stuart Low and Co.

Messrs. Armstrong and Brown, Tunbridge
Wells, in the long corridor connecting their
Orchid houses, always have a good show of
Dendrobiums, their D. Butterfly. D. Butter-
cup and D. Yellow Bird which are promi-
nent in the yellow class, being striking
examples. Messrs. J. Cypher and Sons,
Cheltenham, also grow and flower a finc
stock of Dendrobiums up to their best and
at this season and later the house of many
fine hybrids and superb forms of
nobile at Cheltenham are visited by many
while still later the show of D. Phalaenopsis
Schróderianum will be appreciated.

Everywhere Dendrobiums are in
ascendant and are well worthy of
attention bestowed on them. An interesting
reflection is that the species concerned in
bringing about such wonders in the hands of
the hybridist are not all showy-flowered plants.

The best yellows have been derived from
the rather small D. aureum and D. signatum,
and the same passed on through the D.
nobile class are responsible for the bulk of
our spring and summer-flowering Dendro-

the
indebted to

spec es
nursery

the
the

drobiums have commanded attention in biums. It may not be out of place to give
gardens calls to mind some of the keenest a warning. ‘These lovely Dendrobes, which
lovers of the genus, including the late are so much appreciated when in flower arc
Nir Trevor Lawrence, whose collection was often neglected when out of bloom and
as complete as possible in species and resting. Care should be bestowed on their
hybrids; the large houseful of freely cultivation, the plants afforded a resting
flowered plants, chiefly of the Euryalus, season and looked after at all seasons.
Apollo and rubens types which the late J. O'B.
NEW HYBRID ORCHIDS.
(Continued from February l4, p. 110.)
Name. Parentage. Exhibitor.

. — ——

Brasso-Cattleya Eudora ... -—
Brasso-Laelio-Cattleva Dr. Barbier
Cymbidium Astra... M
Cymbidium Blanche

Cymbidium Cormorant
Cymbidium Dotterel

Cymbidium Evelyn...
Cymbidium Flamingo
Cymbidium Fulnier

Cymbidium Godwit.

Cymbidium Goosander
Cymbidium Guillemot.
Cymbidium Pintail ,..
Cymbidium Plover ,..
Cymbidium Redshank ...
Cymbidium Roger Sander
Cymbidium Sandpiper
Cymbidium Starling

Cymbidium Wheatear .
Cypripedium Gold Mohur :
Cypripedium Robert. Paterson ,
Cypripedium Rob Roy ...
Cypripedium S. W. Flory
Dendrobium Huia ... T

unrecorded ...

Alpha var.
variety
Laclio-Cattleya Cresta...
Laelio-Cattleya Shiela Beddington
Odontioda Argus... — ር

Odontioda Florida ...
Odontioda Sapphira e
Odontoglossum Dagonet |
Odontoglossum Elmar

Odontoglossum Lustre
Odontoglossum Magnet
Odontonia Crusader 2
Odontonia Duchess of York
Odontonia Hesperia
Vuylstekeara Aurora
Vuylstekearu Minerva

— — — — —

C. Enid x B.-C. Marguerite Fournier
B.-C. Vilmerinana x L.-C.
rosefleldense x Schlegelfi ;
Alexanderi x Queen of Gatton
Nchlegelli x Lowio-grandiflorum
Gottianum x l'Ansonii

insigne x Coningsbyanuim
Alexanderi x Merlin... d
Seamew x Lowio-granditloruin
Gottianum x Garnet
insigne x Merlin..
Pauwelsii x Cygnet.

Pauwelsii x Lowio-grandiforum
Alexanderi x Redstart — P
Gottianum x Sibyl var. Primrose ...
Alexanderi x Seamew ... "
Neamew x Cygnet "

Pauwelsii x l'Ansonii...

Goliath. x Lady Dillon m V
Mem. F. M. Ogilvie x Eurybiades
Tdina x chrysotoxum ... *

Mrs. H. Jenkinson x Chard war
Eleanor ~

L.-C. Goldcrest x €. Snow Quern ...

L.-C. Britannia > €. Clotho |...

Odm. eximium » Oda. Sibyl

Odm. Lilian x Oda. Dulcies

Odm. Jasper x Oda. Alcantura

Radiant x St. James .

"m " . | Crethus x St. James .

Odontoglossum Florida .. ር — prumptonense x St, James .
T MceNablanum x ardentissimum

Lambeaulanum x Lakiniae ... "

Odontonia Dora x Odm. crispum ...

M. Bleuana x Odm. majesticum ...

M. Bleuana x Odm. Aphrodite

M. Bleuana x Oda. Meteor ... ክን

Oda. Charlesworthii x M. Bleuana

|
..! Stuart Low & Co,
..."' M. Maron.

Stuart Low & Co,

Lucasiana

Sir J. Colman.
Sir (፣. Holford.
Sir G. Holford.
McBean.

Sir G. Holford.
Sir G. Holford.
Sir G. Holford.
Sir @. Holford.
Sir G. Holford.
Sir G. Holford.
Sir G. Holford.
Sir G. Holford.
Sanders.

Sir G. Holford.
Sir G. Holford.
Sir G. Holford.
G. F. Moore. Esq.
Flory & Black.
H. T. Pitt. Esq.
ach * " Flory & Black.
Cybele Gatton Park: Sir J. Colman.

|
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|

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..

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.

.

.

.

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wae
eee
ጊ...
one
...
...
eee
nee
...
...
...
...
eee
...
...
...
...
...
.

Sanders.
Sir H. S. Leon.
C. Cookson, Esq.
| Charlesworth ሱሉ Co.
| Charlesworth & Co.
Charlesworth & Cu.
Charlesworth & Cu.
Charleswyrth & Co.
i Stuart Low & Co
.; Stuart Low & Co.
| Charlesworth & Co.
Charlesworth & Co.
Charlesworth & Co,
Charlesworth & Co.
| Charlesworth & Co.

መመመ — A ጨው ሙዳ መው —

CHRONICLE.

MARCH l4, 1925.

THE CALANTHE.

l povBT whether there is a more beautiful
or serviceable species of Orchid’ than the
Calanthe. For winter decoration it is
invaluable, and with a little careful treat-
ment it may be grown in any establishment
where a house is furnished with the necessary
heating apparatus. The method of culture
I have found best is as follows :—The
pseudo-bulbs should be cleansed with
insecticide and potted., so soon as they
have made new growths of about one-and-
a-half inch long. in a compost of equal
parts good fibrous loam and peat. a liberal
quantity of dry, sifted cow manure, and
sufficient silver. sand and crushed bricks te
render the compost open. Place three good
bulbs in a six-inch pot half filled with
elean crocks, as good drainage is essential :
pot to within half-an-inch of the rim, with
the base of the new growth just touching
the compost, and pointing towards the rini
of the pot to allow for development. Some
growers advocate tying the pseudo-bulbs to
small stakes, but this | find is unnecessary
if enough old roots are left on the pseudo-
bulbs to hold them firm. Water with tepid
water and place the pots in a house with
a temperature of 65", Great care. should be
taken in watering until the new growths
have become well rooted, but maintain a
moist atmosphere by svringing between the
pots and damping the walls and floors, and
on no account damp the foliage of the
new growths or “ spot“ will appear. Shade
the house during sunshine and admit air
carefully. maintaining a high and regular
temperature at all times during = growth.
Keep thrip, scale, or other pests in check.

So soon as the pots are full of roots a
little stimulant may be given: a mixture
of soot-water, and liquid cow manure |
find is most beneficial. as also is damping
between the pots with a similar mixture.
The flower spikes will begin to appear in
August or September, and so soon as the
basal flowers expand water should gradually
be withheld until all are opened, when
watering should cease and the house be
kept dry, or the flowers will become spotted.
I have grown spikes nearly four feet long and
with upwards of forty blooms on an inflore-
conce. Calanthe Veitchii, C. William Murray.
C. Bryan, and C. luteo-rubra I have found
excellent for home decoration. As the
plants pass out of flower remove the spikes
to within an inch or two of the pseudo-bulb
and place the pots in a warm, dry place, with-
holding water until potting time comes
round again. A.J. Turner, Moreton Paddor
Gardens. e

FLORISTS’ FLOWERS.

WINTER-FLOWERING STOCKS.

SUITABLE varieties of — Winter-flowering
Stocks are delightful for the production of
sweetly-scented flowers during the winter.
The culture of the plants is easy. From
plants raised from seeds sown from June to
August and the seedlings grown on in cool
conditions. a bountiful supply of flowers
may be obtained from Christmas onwards.

Seeds of Stocks germinate freely. Prick
off the young plants so soon as they can

be handled. and water them with great care.

Do not spray them = overhead or damping
may follow.

Grow the plants in a rich, open loam,
mixed with crushed) mortar. At the final

potting three plants may be placed in each
receptacle as many of these Stocks do not
branch very freely.

There are numbers of varieties
may be grown for winter-flowering,
amongst the best are Christmas
which attains to a height of eighteen
inches and produces long spikes of pink
flowers, and Beauty of Nice, which 1 have
found the most useful of al Stocks for

whieh
and
Pink,

MARCH 14. 1925.

THE

GARDENERS’

winter-flowering; several colours come true
from seeds and the pale salmon-pink, old
rose, and deep old rose shades are very
Attractive. This Stock grows about two
feet in height. A very useful white Stock
is All the Year Round, which — produces
numerous, highly-seented blossoms over a
considerable period. The deep green Wall-
flower.eaved foliage adds to the beauty of
this variety. which is of a dwarf habit.
and owing to its persistent flowering should
be grown where white flowers are in

demand. Riviera Market is a popular
variety, but my experience has Leen that
it is difficult to. secure a strain of seeds

which will produce a reasonable number of
double-flowering plants. C. Ruse, The Hyde
Clardens, Near Luton.

NEW PERPETUAL FLOWERING
CARNATIONS.

THRE following new varieties of perpetual-
flowering Carnations were registered by
Messrs. Allwood Bros. with the British
Carnation Society on January 12, 1925 :—

Sunset: a seedling variety with Apricot-
coloured flowers. lightly flaked with old
Rose. The bloom is four-and-a-half inches
in diameter and possesses mild fragrance.
The habit of the plant is good and the
flower stem stiff and strong.

Butterfly: another seedling with white
flowers lightly overlaid with crimson-claret.
The bloom measures three-and-a-half inches
aeross and is also fragrant, possessing strong
Clove perfume: the habit of the plant is
strong and tbe flower stems are also strong
and erect.

Master Michael Stoop: a variety of bright

clear cerise colour. The flowers are four
inches across and fragrant. The habit of
the plant is compact and robust and the
Hower stem is strong and free. It is
recommended as a commercial variety for
the supply of eut blooms for market.
Beauty of Durham: a seedling of bright
salmon-rose colour, the bloom measuring

three inches across. The flowers are fragrant
and the variety 18 said to be a great
improvement on Lady Allington

Shot Silk: a seedling of Indian-Chestnut

colour flaked with deep salmon-red. The
bloom measures three-and-a-half inches in
diameter and is fragrant. 11 is a very

quick-growing. compact, free-Aowering variety.

Cameron of Wivelsfield : a seedling of
Rose Doré, of a pink colour. The bloom
measures four inches in diameter and has
a rich Clove scent. The plant is a strong
grower and exceptionally free in flowering.
producing the blooms on strong, ereet stems.
The flowers of this variety are said to be
larger and the colour clearer. than. that of
Malcolm or Rose Doré and the plant is
also much freer in flowering.

HARDY FLOWER BORDER.

ASTILBES.

THe Astilbes are very closely allied to, and
much resemble the Spiraeas in
appearance, They are most accommodating
plants in regard to soil and situation, and
quickly become established when planied. Soil
of a rich, loamy texture, with sufficient peat
incorporated to hold moisture is best suited
to them. An ideal spot for planting Astilbes
ix near a Water-Lily pond or in the bog
garden, in sun or partial shade. They quickly
become established and present a most pleasing,
graceful, and majestic appearance, producing
an abundance of foliage and numerous plumes
of white, coral-red flowers,

Astilbes may be planted any time during
the autumn and spring, and may be associated
with such bulbs as Daffodils, Crocuses, Scillas,
or other Spring-flowering dwarf plants to
cover the bare spaces during the resting
season of the Astilbes. They flower from
July to autumn, grow from two feet to four
feet tall, and if in a naturally moist. soil, or

general

rose, 0r

CHRONICLE.

153

in" the" borders, freely supplied with water
during spells of dry weether, will produce
from ten to fifteen spikes to & plant.

The following are new hybrids, the result
of crossing A. Davidii with Spiraea japonica
and N. astilboides :—Brunhilde, pale creamy:
pink, height three feet; Betsy Cuperus, a
variety well. furnished with pure white flowers
that have a pinkish centre, height five feet;
Gruno, a variety producing pretty, branching
plumes of salmon-pink flowers, height three
fect; Gloria, a plant of neat, compact habit,
producing panicles of rich rose-coloured flowers,
height two feet; Juno, an effective, purplish-
pink variety, very early in flowering—June.
height three feet: King Albert, a variety
that produces tall, handsome flower stems of a
reddish colour, and pyramidal inflorescences
of creamy-white flowers, height from five
feet to seven feet: Kriemhilde, a variety
with handsome plumes of clear rose-coloured
flowers, height three feet; Moerhcimi, a pretty,
creamy-white variety, freely branched and very
effective, height three feet: and Salland, a
good companion to King Albert, growing five
feet to six feet tall, and producing handsome,
feathery plumes of bright red flowers.

Other meritorious varicties, varying in shades
from pink to rose and Lilac, are: Ceres,
Meta Immink, Opal, Pink Pearl, Prof. Van der
Weilan, rosca magnifica, Davidii, grandis, and
the large-leaved rivularis gigantea, with
numerous well-branched stems of small, whitish
flowers. W. Logan.

NOTICES OF BOOKS.
Cultivated Plants in Ancient Egypt.

THERE is no scarcity of literature on the
subject of Egyptian antiquities. and the
recent. discovery of Tut-Ankh-Amen’s tomb,
with its extraordinary wealth of contemporary
art treasures in an almost perfect state of
preservation, caused a considerable impetus
to general interest in the subject and a
corresponding increase in the output of
popular literature. There are, however. few
works which deal from a scientific point of
view with the flora, either indigenous or
cultivated, of ancient Egypt. and the present
work*, of which only the first volume is
as yet published, is all the more weleome.

The author, Dr. Ludwig Keimer. gracefully
acknowledges his indebtedness to all his
predecessors, especially to the patient research
work done in connection with Egyptian
plant - remains over a period of something
like half-a-century by the well-known botanist.

Professor G. Sehweinfurth, who supplies a
preface to the book.
Although the graphic arts had attained. ከ

high state of development in Egypt very
carly in the history of that country as
known to us, yet the identification of
representations of fruits and flowers is not
in all cases easy, owing to the fact that
the features of certain very popular plants,
or those which acquired a religious or
heraldic significance-—notably. of course, the
wo-called © Lotus "—became in course of time
so hopelessly stereotyped that it is. difficult
to. discover what their. living prototypes
were really like. Many botanists now
eonsider that the true Egyptian Lotus was
Nelumbium speciosum, but this was not a
native of Egypt, and it is probable that
the name '* Lotus " was also applied to other
Water: Lilies, particularly to Nymphaea caerulea.
The Ivy and the Convolvulus, though not
very much alike when seen growing, present
endless puzzles of — identification to the
Sotanist seeking to expound ancient Egyptian
drawings. As a matter of fact, Ivy is not
found in any very early paintings, the
“Ivy “` mentioned. by Loret in his Flore
Pharaonique being undoubtedly Convolvulus.
probably C. arvensis. On a mummy-case

* Die Gartenpflanzen im alten Aegyptren. von. Ludwig
Keimer, mit einem Geleitwort von Georg Sehwein-
furth. 1. Band. Hoffman & Campe Verlag, Han -

burg Berlin.

of the twentieth dynasty, in the Ceiro
Museum, however (of which a reproduction
1s given in the book), a trail of leaves is
represented which—though this again may
be intended for some species of Convolvulus- -
shows all the characteristics of Ivy, and is

considered by Professor Schweinfurth to be
undoubtedly Hedera Helix.

On the other hand, in the case of certain
plants, identification is considerably aided
by the discovery, in many tombs, in a
marvellous state of preservation, owing to
the dryness of the climate, of cereals and

fruit to be used as food for the deceased,
and of nosegays of flowers for his delectation
in the underworld.

Dr. Keimer's book is arranged in sections,
the first portion of cach of which is contained in
the volume under review, so that when the
book is completed the volumes can be taken
to pieces for binding and the different
sections joined in their proper order. The
names of the plants are arranged according
to families, and to each plant mentioned a
wealth of information is attached, in many
cases enriched by excellent. reproductions. of
ancient drawings. A supplement consists of
an exhaustive bibliography referring to each
species described, and a second supplement
describes and illustrates the hieroglyphs used

to distinguish them. This is in facsimile
handwriting, presumably to avoid the
necessity of having individual blocks made
for each hieroglyph, and dispersing them
among the text.

To the Egyptologist this work will be
invaluable for reference, comprising as it

does the very latest research on the subject:
and it will also prove of the greatest interest

to every botanist who is concerned with
the history of cultivated plants. All his
readers will gratefully acknowledge their

indebtedness to Dr. Keimer for this monu-

mental piece of work.

PUBLIC PARKS AND GARDENS.

A PROPOSAL is under consideration to

construct four hard tennis courts in Mill Hill
Park, London. u
Tar Corporation of Lowestoft will apply

to the Ministry of Health for sanction to a
loan of £4,325 for the purchase of the
Normanton Hall estate for a recreation ground.

Park Committee
construct an open-

MANCHESTER Corporation
has received sanction to

air bathing and paddling pool in Cringle
Fields Purk. 8

SEVERAL important matters affecting the
Parks Department were before the town
council of Edinburgh at their meeting on
March 5. The principal one of these
related to a proposal to purchase land at
the Braid Hills golf course at the price of
£9,000. | Some opposition arose, and an

amendment that the proposal be disapproved
of was moved. Ultimately the purchase
was unanimously agreed to. At present the
corporation pays a considerable rent for the
land. The report of the Parks Committee
recommending the expenditure of £3,760 on
various works in the different parks was
referred back to the committee for further
consideration. The Committee also recom-
mended the provision of a new bandstand
in the West Princes Street Gardens at a cost
of £1,500, but this was disappreved of. by
twenty-one votes to twenty-four. Considerable
debate took place on a recommendation that
no action be taken in a proposal to provide
Sunday musie in the parks. A motion to
the effect that such musie be arranged was
in the end defeated by thirty-six votes to
eighteen. It was stated in the course of
the discussion that this was the fourth time
within four years that this matter had come
before the council.

1፡4

EDITORIAL NOTIOES.

ADVERTISEMENTS should be sent to the
PUBLISHER, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C.3.

Editors and Publisher.—Ouwr correspondents would
obviate delay in obtaining answers to their communi-
cations, and save us much time and trouble, tf they would
kindly observe the notice printed weekly to t..> effect that
dll letters relating to financial matters and to advertise-
ments should be addressed to the PUBLISHER; and that
all communications intended for publication or referring
to the literary department, and all plants to be named
should be directed to the EDITORS. The two departments,
Publishing and Editorial, are distinct, and much un-
necessary delay and oonfusion urise when letters are
misdirected.

News.—Correspondents vill greatly oblige by sending
to the Editors early intelligence of local events likely to be
" interest to our readers.

Letters for Publication as well as specimens of plants
for naming, should be addressed to the EDITORS,
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, London.
ommunwations should be WRITTEN ON ONE SIDE
ONLY OF THE PAPER, sent as early in the week as
possible, and duly signed by the writer. If desired, the
signature will not be printed, but kept as a guarantee of
good faith.

Mlustrations.—The Editors till be glad to receive and to
select photographs or drawings suitable for reproduction,
of gardens, or of remarkable flowers, trees, etc., but they
cannot be responsible for loss or injury.

Newspapers.—(Correspondents sending newspapers should
be careful to mark the paragraphs they wish the Editors
to see.

Urgent Communications.—1/ sent by telegraph, these
should be addressed Ord. Chron.," Rand; er by
telephone, to Gerrard, 1543.

Special Notice to Correspondents.—The Editors do

not undertake to pay for any contributions or illustrations,

Or to return unused communications or illustrations,

— by special arrzngement. The Editors do not hola

themselves responsible for any opinions expressed by
their correspondents.

THE GARDEN IN ANTIQUITY.

II I.—ASSYRIAN ACHIEVEMENTS.
WO great nations loom up through the
| mists of antiquity as claimants for
the honour of being the first historical

pioneers in garden-craft. Each is of high
renown for its splendid achievements in
science and art, religion and letters, and
cach did great things for the advancement

floriculture, and the allied
industrics. Assyria may be regarded as the
fountain head of the stream which made
its fertilising influence felt in Babylonia and
Media, Persia and Syria; Egypt as rendering
a similar service to more western lands.
The streams eventually combined and flowed
on together through Europe; Greece and
Italy first feeling the effecta and transmitting
them eventually to every country in the
continent. But to neither of these two
rivals belongs the honour which fell to the
lot of Persia of supplying a name for the
garden or park which should be accepted,
like the word Paradise, into the word-
comage of the world. How matters stood
in the languages spoken by the Aryans we
shall learn later.

Let us first turn to Assyria, and try to
learn something of the position of horti-
culture there in the earliest times. The
Assyrians were among the first inhabitants
of the East whose knowledge of this subject
can be directly illustrated by reference to
the existing remains of antiquity. From
thur sculptures. and pieture-writing we may
learn both what their gardens were called,
and how they were cultivated. And, since
the people were speakers of a language
Which was closely related to that of the
Hebrews and other Semitic people, we are
able to confirm what we find on their
tablets and monuments by reference. to the
speech of the Arabs and tho writings of
the Hebrews. We know, for example, that
the Hebrew word for garden was gan.
This remains in modern Hebrew as gannah,
and with slight variations is common 10
Arabic and Aramaic, Syriac, and Ethiopic.
lt occurs many times in the Old Testament
and is found on ancient Phoenician inserip-
tions, as well as in the Koran. When

of agriculture,

THE.

GARDENERS |

— — — ———— —

therefore. the student finds the word qinu
or qgimnahi on the inscriptions of ancient.
Assyri» relating to gardens he at once sees
the close connection between that term and
such forms as jannat, ginna, und gannah
in Hebrew, Aramaic or Arabic.

We further know that the word as found
in the Scriptures may be derived from a
verb, janan, which means to surround,
cover or defend, and when we turn to the
picture-writing of Assyria we find that this
184 exactly the idea which the cuneiform
character conveys. The garden was an
enclosure, or preserve, a piece of land
surrounded by a wall, fence or hedge to
protect it from being despoiled. Let us
take, in the first place, a few general
facts.

Much has been written, alike by early
travellers and modern explorers, on the

fertility of the soil of Assyria. The former
were ever loud in its praise. Herodotus,
the father of history (born nearly five
hundred years B.C.) states that in his day

no part of the known world produced grain

of such excellent quality. True, the Vine,
the Olive, and the Fig, which were so
luxuriant in Greece, were wanting, but the

Corn, by way of recompense, yielded two,
and even three, hundredfold, while the Palm
grew naturally everywhere.

[In those days, as might be expected,
thought rested rather on the serviceable
than the ornamental, and Wheat was
mentioned when Lilies were overlooked by
the traveller. But we shall see in due
course that the land which produced the
one yielded also the other, and possibly
derived one of its names, Susiana from

Susan or Shusan, a Lily. Xenophon con-
firms what Herodotus had affirmed: “ In
these villages was plenty of Corn and wine
made from Dates. As to the Dates
themselves (he states), such as those we
see in Greece were here put aside for the
use of the servants; but those which were
laid by for their masters ‘were choice fruit
remarkable for beauty and size; their
eolour was not unlike amber, and some of
these they dried and preserved as sweet.
meats.” Modern writers call them golden.

Recent travellers agree with these ancient
authors respecting the capacity of the soil,
but have often to deplore the results which
have followed oppression and neglect. The
cultivated portions, we are told, still show
that the region has all the fertility which
Herodotus and Xenophon ascribed to 11.
Cultivation is in many places now the
exception instead of the rule. In the place
of “the luxuriant fields, the groves and
gardens of former times, nothing now meets
the eye but an arid waste." While the
Date Palm, on the one hand, and Barley,
Millet, Sesame, and many kinds of fruits
on the other, came to high perfection, there
were to be found in addition such trees as
the Acacia and Poplar, the Tamarisk and
Pomegranate.

Moreover, Oranges and Citrons, Apples and
Pears, Figs and Grapes were successfully
cultivated in gardens and orchards from
very early times. If we tum to the
Assyrian monuments we find the following
among other flowers, fruits and trees pour-
trayed. The Date Palm is one of the
trees in most constant evidence. It 18
sometimes extremely conventional in form,
but at others there is a close approxi-
mation to the natural habit. Next comes
the Vine, and with it the Fig. Since these
do not appear to have been found growing
in a free state throughout the country in
the time of Herodotus it indicates that
they must have been imported ages before
and brought to a high state of cultivation
in the vineyards and gardens. De Candolle
thus writes respecting the former: ‘The
vine grows wild in the temperate regions
of Western Asia, Southern Europe. Algeria
and Morocco. It is especially in the Pontus,
in Armenia, to the south of the C'aucagus

CHRONICLE,

Maren 11, 1023.
Ca 2 " ;
and of the Caspian Sea, that it grec.
With the luxuriant wildness of a tropical
creeper, clinging to tall trees. and producing

abundant fruit without
vation. lts vigorous
in Bactriana, Cubul,
Badak-Khan to the

pruning or culti.
growth is mentioned
Kashmir. and even in
north of the Hindu

Koosh. Of course it is a question whether
the plants found there, as elsewhere, are
not sprung from seeds carried from vine-
yards by birds. . . . As we advance
towards India and Arabia, Europe and the
north of Africa, we frequently find in
floras the expression that the vine is
t Nubspontaneous perhaps wild, or becorne
wild." What is tme of the vine is also
true of the Olive and the Fig. Bur

whether indigenous or not, the Fig and the

Vine were cultivated in early Assyria with
care.

The : Pomegranate was another garden
fruit, as shown by the fact that it 15

the monuments. It is a
native of Persia and the surrounding
regions, and has from remote ages played
an important part in the religious rites and
ceremonies of Eastern lands, as well as
serving to supply the bodily needs of men.
Some writers affirm that. the Banana was
also grown by the Assyrians, since certain
objecta represented on the sculptures more
nearly resemble bunches of that fruit than
any other known object. [| see no reason
why this popular Eastern plant should not
have been in cultivation. The antiquity and
wild character of the Banana in Asia are.
as De Candolle remarks, incontestable facts.
Tt has several Sanskrit names, and the
specific name, Musa paradisiaca, is due to
the idea that this was one of the trees of
Paradise, and even supplied the leaves
which Eve used as her covering. The Reed,
Papyrus, Fir tree and other plants are
figured, but these were not necessarily
cultivated. The Lily, however, was un-
doubtedly grown in gardens. The Madonna
Lily is found in South Europe, Palestine.
Northern Syria and the Caucasus., and
“there is little room for doubt that so
sweet and beautiful a flower, with a bulb
so amenable to cultivation, early found its
way. to the gardens of the Assyrian
monarchs.”

Another fact of interest has
set forth by Professor Sayce. Tt
ficant (he states) that the garden in

often figured on

been well
is signi-
which

Semitic tradition placed the first man “was
in the land of Eden, and that the picture
of a garden or plantation is one of the

primitive hieroglyphs of Sumer,” the land
of the Sumerians. “The beginnings of
Babylonian civilization were bound up with
the cultivation of the soil; the reclamation
of the great alluvial plain was at once the

effect and the cause of Sumerian culture.
Sumerian culture, in fact, was at the
outset essentially that of an agricultural
people.”

From these general statements we may
pass on in our next chapter to the study

of certain historical facts and statements of

a distinct and definite character. We shall
then find monarchs recording their own
efforts to introduce plants from conquered
lands, and telling of the gardens and parks
where they cultivated them, and by means
of which they beautified their. own cities
and palaces. Hilderic Friend.

Flowering of the Almond on Wandsworth

Common.- Mr. H. Teatherton informs us
that the Almond tree on Wandsworth
Common, S.W.. in which the late Mr. R
Hooper Pearson was so greatly interested,
opened its first blossoms this year on
February 9 as compared with March 22
last year; February 22. 1923; March 6,
1922; February 22. 1921: February 13, 1920:
and Mareh 14, 1019. February 9 is there-
fore the earliest date recorded during the
lust seven years.

Maren 14, 1925. x

TREES AND SHRUBS.

AZARA GILLIESII.

THe <Azaras are attractive, evergreen
shrubs, but as they are natives of Chili
they are only suitable for general cultivation

in the open in the warmer parts of the
country. For the south and west of England,
Wales. Ireland, and the west coast of
Ncotland, the Azaras are valuable outdoor
shrubs. In most gardens there are warm,

sheltered positions, on south and west walls,
where shrubs. on the border-line of hardiness,
such as the Azaras, may be cultivated
successfully. For some years. now we have
not had a really severe winter, and at Kew,
for example, A. microphylla, admittedly the

hardiest member of the genus, has grown
to a height of twelve feet, forming a
beautiful bush in the open. The last

winter during which this species was killed
to the ground was during 1904-05.

The subject. of the illustration. (Fig. 71).
ላ. Giliesii, is the most showy of the

= = ry.

Azaras when in flower. The blooms are
borne in racemes growing from the axils of
the leaves, the attractive portion being the
comparatively long, creamy-yellow stamens.
The dark green leaves are one-and-a-half
inch to two inches long, oval in shape, and

coarsely serrate, resembling those of some
Hollies. The flowering season is April and
May. Even on a wall A. Gilliesii is

sometimes damaged by frosts, but it usually
recovers quickly. -

A. integrifolia 18 the most valuable species
to cultivate as an evergreen bush. The
small, shining, dark-green leaves, hulf.an-
inch long. freely clothe the frond-like
branches, giving a very elegant. and charming
effect. not unlike, but more light and
graceful than that of Cotoneaster horizontalis.
The small flowers, with conspicuous golden-
yellow stamens, were open on Febniary 21,
rather earlier than usual, because of the
mild weather. They are pleasingly fragrant.

Three other species are in cultivation at

Kew. growing on walls, in recesses or bays
round the greenhouses, and in the Winter
Garden (Temperate House). A. Browniae,
with clusters of yellow stamens, is very
beautiful during the second half of February
in a recess outside the Mexican House ;
A. dentata and A. integrifolia are the
others.

The Azaras are readily increased by cuttings
made of moderately firm young shoots, in
late. summer, and inserted in sand or sandy
soil in a slightly-heated propagating case.
In common with other shrubs on the border
line of hardiness, the ground for Azaras
should be fairly light and well drained, in
order that water may drain away quickly in
winter. A. Osborn.

COTONEASTER ROTUNDIFOLIA.

WHILST on a recent visit to Kew Gardens
my attention was attracted to what was
presumably a large bush of scarlet flowers,
but ] discovered. on close inspection that it
was a big, sprawling bush of Cotoneaster
rotundifolia covered with its large scarlet
berries. Judging by the large number of
berries, 1. conclude that the fruits of this
Cotoneaster are not much sought after by
birds, and T should imagine that young,
shapely plants would be very handsome in
the shrubbery at this season. T.

RHODODENDRON PRAECOX.

Now that the earlier R. Nobleanum 18
passing out of flower (the plants have been
extra beautiful and carly this vear) R.
praeeox 15 proving a worthy successor, and
by tbe middle of February was in tbe full
beauty of its rosy-purple dress. The trusses
of flowers are small compared with those of

R. Nobleanum, pnt laek in size jis corm-
pensated by. — o nambers, for (he plants
are covered from top to bottom with small
flower trusses. At Culzean Gardens this

Rhododendron grows to a height of six to

THE GARDENERS

ecipht! feet, and owing to the mildness of our
chinate 18 seldom damaged by frost, although
11 flowers so early. whereas in colder districta
it is often sadly disfigured, even when flower-
ing at a much later date. A. T. Harrison.
Culzean Castle Gardens, Ayrshire

ABIES NUMIDICA.

THE Algerian Fir is by no means common
in this country, especially large specimens,
but I had the pleasure of seeing one a few
weeks ago in Stoke Park, Slough, which
must have
the species.
tree to. be

reached the limits of height for
1. estimated the stature of the
seventy feet, and it had a wide

CHRONICLE. 185

— . — — —————— <= ——- — — — — — -

Kabylia range, where the Atlas Cedar
occurs. [t was introduced to cultivation in
1862, so that Loudon does not mention it.
The tree in question. must have been onc
of the earliest to be planted in this country.

The specifie name comes from thc Numidia

of the Romans. J. F.
DRIMYS WINTERI.
Tms fine evergreen shrub attains its

maximum development in the sheltered
gardens of the west, where there are many
specimens ranging in height from twenty
feet to thirty feet. When out of flower it
is distinctly ornamental, the red-tinged stems

" ፍሌ. ut
FIG. 7]1.—AZARA | GILLIESIF.
spread of branches, reaching down almost being clothed with pale green, glaucous,
to the ground, The height of the tree is elliptic, lanceolate leaves, six inches to eight

variously stated as forty-five feet to sixty
feet and seventy feet, with a girth of eight
feet. The leaves are of a dark shining
green above, with a few lines of stomata
there, while the under surface has the two
customary white bands of stomata. The
leaves are short, stiff and = very numerous
on the upper surface of the branches or
twigs, which they hide. For this reason
the species. has been compared with A.
Nordmanniana and A. Pinsapo, indeed, it
has been named A. Pinsapo var. baborensis,
of Cosson. The varietal name refers 10

Mount Babor in Algeria, to which mountain
it is stated to be confined, though some
authorities admit it tọ other parts of the

inches long. The flowers are borne on the
growths of the previous year, and the loose
terminal clusters are from six inches to ten
inches across. The blooms are creamy-white.
an inch in diameter, and ‘fragrant. With
age the flat, strap-shaped petals recurve.
When planted out in a cool greenhouse.
Drimys Winteri commences to bloom at the
end of February, and when space is re-

stricted-—as when growing against a wall or
trained at some little distance from the
roof--it may be pruned after flowering to
keep it within bounds. "To preserve an
evenly balanced tree, strong = run-a-way
growths should be — repressed. Fred. W.
Jeffery.

186

ALPINE GARDEN.

RANUNCULUS RUTAEFOLIUS.

THe genus Ranunculus provides us with a
number of good plants for the rock garden,
ulthough some of the most beautiful are not
the most obliging in their requirements, and
a few need to be grown in a moraine. Some
of the more accommodating species are not
common in gardens. and among these is the
subject of this note, the Rue-leaved Crow-
foot, Ranunculus rutaefolius.

This species is described in some catalogues
as having large, broad leaves, but this is a
misleading description. The foliage, although
broad in reality, is so finely divided that it
renders the title of “* Rue-leaved”’ quite
appropriate, and it is quite distinct from
that of many of its allies.

The flowers are white with a greenish

centre, and, although not of the striking
beauty of those of R. glacialis or R.
alpestris, the blooms are quite attractive.

The plant is of rather trailing or prostrate
habit and looks very well indeed on a flat
part of the rock garden. It grows only a
few inches high, its stature depending on the
nature of the soil and amount of moisture.
It may be grown well in a moraine,
especially with some water flowing under-
neath in summer, but there are many who
do not possess a moraine, and they will be
glad to try it and will be able to succeed
with it in loam, sand, and grit on a level
part of the rockery. I have grown and
flowered the plant successfully in such a
position and in full sun. The soil should

be well drained and copious supplies of
clear water should be given it during
spring and summer, and also in autumn,

should the weather be dry.

Propagation is effected by division of large
plants, but this must be carefully performed,
and where ripened seeds are produced,
raising seedlings is a preferable method. as
many plants die after division. S. Arnott.

FORESTRY.

THE GOVERNMENT FORESTRY POLICY.

IN connection with the present official
scheme of afforestation, it is the opinion of
many landowners and foresters, that not
only is there a neglect of hard-wooded trees
but that exotic Conifers, whose value in
this country in a commercial sense is
.unproved, are being planted on much too
extensive a scale. Every dealer in home-
grown timber knows that the business
transacted in native hardwoods is about
double that of soft woods. indeed, in not
a few cases, in England at least, the
dealings are entirely restricted to the
former. On consulting several timber mer-
chants and saw millers in London, it was
found that fully sixty-five per cent. of the
native woods dealt with belonged to the
hardwood section.

In connection with tree planting,
a still more serious omission, in the
wholesale use of Coniferous trees whose
value in this country in a purely economic
sense is quite unproved.. Reference 18
specially made to the too frequent use of
Sitka Spruce. Douglas Fir. and Japanese
Larch, the excellent quality of whose timber
in their native countries is admitted, but as
to how these same trees will turn out after
a fair trial here is problematic and remains
to be seen. British-grown timber of none
of these trees has arrived. at anything
approaching maturity. that of the Douglas
Fir, which most nearly approaches that
state, not having come up to expectation
in that particular respect.

lt must be remembered that in

there is
almost.

the case of

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

several exotic Conifers, whose timber in their
native countries is of acknowledged quality.
the same species when cultivated in Britain.
where they thrive admirably, produce wood
that is practically worthless for constructive
purposes. Take the case of the Sitka Spruce.
which is planted by the million: we have

no surety that it will prove of economic
value when brought under cultivation mm

this country, though in America tho wood

is of first-class importance. Granted that a
few individual specimen trees which have
been planted under the most favourable
conditions in our parks and ornamental
grounds have attained to fair dimensions.
but in.so-far as our knowledge of home-

grown timber of the tree is concerned. we
know practically nothing. and what little
we do know is not very encouraging.

The late Mr. Elwes in reply to a letter
of mine, with reference to the timber of
this Spruce. wrote:—‘‘It has a tendency to
produce large and spreading branches which
make the timber very knotty, and I have
not discovered, or been able to hear of
any single place in Great Britain where a
tree of this species has produced timber
now, or ever, likely to compare with the
selected logs grown in the very dense and
humid forests of the North-west coast of
America from which the timber is imported.
The only pure plantation of the Sitka
Spruce that I know of, dense enough to
clean itself of branches, is on the Durris
estate, in Kincardineshire, and I think that
Mr. D. Munro, of Banchory, who knows
more about softwoods than either you or I.
would agree with me that this plantation
is never likely to produce high class timber
of large size, and would pay better if cut
for prop-wood than it will do if allowed to
stand. On my own estate the Sitka Spruce
suffers so badly from spring frosts that it
is a worthless tree." Though not inclined
to condemn this Spruce to the same extent
as Mr. Elwes. I may state from a lengthened
experience of the tree and a knowledge of
how it has done in several pure plantatioiis,
including that at Gravetye, that there is
nothing in its behaviour as a forest tree to
warrant its being planted to the extent
that has been the case of late.

Coming to the Douglas Fir as a profitable
timber tree in this country, the quantity is
certainly far ahead of that of any Coniferous
tree of which I have kept a record-—240
cubic feet in forty years, or nearly five feet
per year for half a century—but as regards
quality I think everyone who has hed an
opportunity of converting and usiug it will
agree with me that the results have not
come up to expectations. Then, the Douglas
Fir has been proved to be of little value for
planting on exposed ground in this country.
where the common Larch and Scotch Pine
produce valuable timber, sheltered valleys, and
deep soil seeming to be the chief requirements
when the tree is brought under cultivation. |!

know of no other Coniferous tree that loses
its leading shoots so quickly on exposed
ground as does the Douglas Fir, and

particularly when planted in conjunction with
other species in our home woods. After
seeing this treo thriving and attaining to a
large size on the Capilano mountain, at
Vancouver, British Columbia. I am surprised
at 118 behaviour in this country. under much
more favourable conditions. Of late years in
particular the Douglas Fir has suffered some-
what severely from Insect and fungous attacks
when grown in our woods and plantations,
Several experiments have been undertaken
with home-grown timber of the Douglas Fir.
for railway sleepers, temporary buildings. fen-
cing and the like, but in no case with which
1. am acquainted have the results been par-
tieularly encouraging.
In the Japanese
little doubt, a good
growth, that, for à time at least, will be
less subject to disease than the European
species, but that it will ever prove so valuable
a tree for general afforesting purposes in this

have, there is
tree of rapid

Larch we
all-round

Marcu 14, 1925

country is open to doubt and requires
proving. It is by no means free from the
eankerous disease to which the commonly
cultivated species is so liable, while it suffers
greatly from insect. attacks, and is liable to
be injured from frost when cultivated in this
country. As to the value of these three
trees for large afforesting schemes in Great
Britain they have, so far at least. no special
claims that entitle them to be so extensively
experimented with as is at present the case,
and as to the results jn future vears these
must be highly speculative.

In the common Larch, Seotch Pine, and
Spruce we have long-tried Coniferous trees
that have been found suitable for planting
in all conditions of sites and soils in this
country, while the timber produced is at
least of fair commercial value. These older
species, it must be admitted, are capable of
thriving over a more extensive area of soile
and situations than the later introductions
there being few tracts of land, either av
high or low altitudes, where the sturdy
native Pine and common Larch will not thrive
and produce a fair volume of valuable timber.
The Spruce is invaluable for planting low-
lying and damp ground and in conjunction
with the others form a trio that for extensive
planting have few equals.

In every scheme of afforestation, therefore,
the threc trees which originally formed the
back-bone of our woods and forests must on
no account give way before the later intro-
ductions, the former being in the category
of well tried, while the Sitka Spruce, Douglas
Fir, and Japanese Larch are, comparatively
speaking, only on trial. By all means plant
these kinds, but only in subordinate con-
junction with the older and well tried species
A. D. Webster.

GARDENS AT THE IDEAL HOME
EXHIBITION.

AN interesting part of the Ideal Home
Exhibition at Olympia is the garden section,
to which a large annexe is devoted, as in
former years. Regarding the section ax a
whole it is not so attractive as on previous
occasiong, as it is sadly lacking in colour.
We fully appreciate the difficulties attaching
to the laying-out and planting of gardens
for an exhibition, and we know these difficulties
have been accentuated by the unpleasant
weather experienced for so long & time;
nevertheless, we fear many visitors will go
away with the idea that certain kinds of
gardens are drab, colourless affairs, while
others will wonder how it is that quantities
of stone or imitations of bits of moorland
come to be dignified by the name of
* garden."

One very bright spot in the garden section
and the great attraction of this part of the
exhibition is provided by Messrs. James
Carter and Co., whose Riviera garden is a
delightful piece of work. In design, planting,
and lighting effects it is a sunny garden,
therefore, it is small wonder that crowds of
people feast their eyes on the charming
picture (Fig. 72) Mr. Bard has produced.
The terrace and its pretty tea house suggest
sunny weather, and the suggestion is
emphasized by the bold grouping of King
Alfred and other Daffodils below the terrace,
by the pleasant fountain and the waterfall.
and by the beds of Narcissi, Cinerarias.
Dielytra. and Prunus triloba. These beds are
on the lawn which forms the foreground, and
is separated from the middle terrace by a

formal water garden fed by the waterfall
above. Cupressus and other evergreen trees
and shrubs flank the exhibit and serve to

bring into bold relicf the groups of flowering

Cherries, while the little balcony at the
back of all suggested that from it and
the tea house a view of the sea might be

obtained

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— —— — a— መጻ መመ
መወ —-

employment for the men, and horses have
to be idle day after day. There is comfort,
however, in the prospect of a profuse show
of bloom on Apples, Pears, and Plums,
tempered by some anxiety as to its fate in
such an early season.

SPRAYING.

I shall have to finish winter spraying in
a day or two without having used up all
the material or completed the whole of the
area intended, as the buds are getting too
forward for the safe application of the
carbolineum wash in use. Lime-sulphur could
of course, be employed for some time yet,
but carbolineum is much more drastic, and
is not supposed to be used once the buds
have begun to break. I believe that 1
might really continue for a while, as 1
have learned from experience that buds may
be scorched on the outside with impunity.
They have many coverings, and the outer
ones do not seem to matter. However, it
is just as well not to run unnecessary risks.
This wash, even at seven-and-a-half per
cent, strength, is caustic enough to scorch
the grass beneath the trees. There will be
ample opportunity to judge the effect of
the ‘wash, as some of the young trees
sprayed were black with the eggs of the
permanent Apple aphis, and there is a good
sprinkling of Apple sucker eggs on some of
the older trees.

The work of winter spraying has been seriously
interrupted by rain and wind: and progress
was slow even during fine periods owing to
the muddy state of the ground. Attention
will almost immediately be turned to the
Plums, which are to be sprayed with
nicotine and soft soap before the bloom
opens, to kill the stem mothers of the leaf.
curling aphis. The first of these was dis-
covered on February 20. They do not seem
to be at all plentiful: but it is wise to
spray every season whether they can ከቦ
found on the trees or not. There are
always some, though they are very difficult
to find; and they multiply at an amazing
rate later. Spraying after the fall of
the bloom, when the leaf-curling has begun.
is practically useless. After the lesson of
1923, when fair Plum prospects were ruined
by severe aphis attack, I shall never again
run any risks with this pest. Carbolineum
winter spraying would insure against serious
t rouble by killing the eggs, and will probably
be done another year. For this season 1
decided to use my carbolineum on Apples,
which are attacked in the bloom stage by
more pests than are Plums.

APPLE LEAF - SCORCH.

Leaf- scorch has been an increasing trouble
amongst Apples in the last few years, and
wus particularly bad in 1924. It is not a
fungous disease, but is thought to be con-
nected in some way with unhealthy root
action. Research workers have not yet
discovered the true cause, but information
is gradually accumulating. At the Long
Ashton Research Station it has been found
that leaf - scorch may be associated with
various conditions. ln pot experiments
with fertilisers it has been shown that
depriving the trees of potash leads to a
root system characterised. by lack of fibrous
roots and to severe leaf-scorch ; and dressing
with potash has proved to be à remedy in
some plantations, though not in others. 11
has also been noticed that trees in grass
very seldom show scorch in a severe form;

and grassing down orchards has provided
a cure in some eases. I am trying the

potash treatment on
Bath which
and shall
fails.

116 latest facts about. leaf seoreh appear
moat contribution trom the Enst Malling
Research Station, whieh is published. in the
Journal of Pomologg for January. Vhese
facts have been collected in the course of

trees of Beauty of
were badly scorched last year,
resort to grassing down if this

the general work of the past six years. [t

has been found that the stock on which
the trees are worked may have an impor-
tant influence. Both the unworked stocks
themselves and the trees grafted on them

vary much in respect to liability to scorch.
By far the worst stock for scorching is the
so-called ** Improved " Doucin, which is un-
fortunately rapidly displacing the ordinary
Doucin in certain continental areas on
account of the greater ease with which it
can be propagated. ‘The ordinary Doucin
also scorches to some extent, but not enough
to condemn this most useful semi-dwarfing
stock. Very little scorch has been noticed
on the true broad.leafed English Paradise,
and little or none on the extremely dwarf.

ing Jaune de Metz. Amongst the seedling
“crab” or ‘free’? stocks there is great

variability in respect to liability to scorch,
but on the average they show distinctly
less tendency than the semi-dwarfing Para-
dise stocks.

There seems to be a direct relationship
between blooming and fruiting, on the
one hand, and leaf -scorch on the other.
Trees scorch more in their **on" year than
in their **off" year. In the plots used for
pruning experiments at East Malling the
trees annually leader-tipped and spurred
scorch less than those treated more leniently ;
and there is evidence that this is merely
because tipping and pruning have delayed

fruiting. Lastly, these trees have always
been generously | manured, chiefly with
organic nitrogenous materials. As this has

not prevented scorch. it may be assumed
that those growers who consider the trouble
to ከቦ a sign of starvation, and seek to
cure it by giving organic nitrogenous
manures, are in error.

Tor-GRAFTING,

] have very little to do in the way of
top-grafting this season. This is a more
hazardous business than it used to ከር,
owing to the liability of top-grafted trees
to be attacked by silver-leaf disease. Top-
grafted Apples are quite commonly killed in
this way, particularly where Newton Wonder
is one of the varieties concerned. Failure
through another cause is not unusual. The
፳8:10ከ8 '*take" all right, but die out after
they have made a certain amount of
growth. When this happens the bark on
the cut-hack branches of the stock is
generally found to be dead or dying. |t is
evidently a matter of too severe an upset
to the balance between branch and root
system of the old tree. I have. guarded
aguinst this trouble with a fair amount of
success. by leaving one branch of the old
tree for one season, instead of heading down
all of them. This takes some of the sap,
and evidently acts as a kind of safety
valve. A grower whom I recently visited
has a still better plan which goes further
in the same direction. He heads down only
three or four branches for grafting the first

year, leaving tho rest as they are, and
incidentally getting some crop from them.
The next spring the remaining branches

are either headed down for grafting or cut.
out altogether if the previous seuson's work
appears likely to furnish the tree sufficiently
with a new head. By this method. he
contended, top - grafting could be done
successfully with practically any variety.

STORED APPLES.
What few Apples 1 stored for private use

have not kept very well. this year: and 1
am glad that. | did not. store. any for sale.

Bramley's Seedling and Newton. Wonder
were sold when gathered at nine shillings

to ten shillings per bushel and only in ua
few cases were exceptionally fine
quoted any higher during February; Imported
Apples are so. plentiful nowadays that
storing seldom pays. i£. the labour and
unavoidable waste be taken into account.
Market Grower.

samples

CHRONICLE.

Manon 14, 1925.

TOMATOS OUT OF DOORS.

Tue cultivation of Tomatos out-of-doors
is à very uncertain. business, the results depend-
ing on the kind of summer, but, excepting in
the northern counties, the risk of total
failure is in no case so great that there
should be any hesitation in planting this
crop out-of-doors.

Supplies cannot be obtained from plants
against open walls und fences for a period
exceeding eight or ten weeks, but generally
the out-of-door cultivation of Tomatos will
always prove profitable when properly carried
out. In hot summers the supply of fruits
wil be abundant and the quality good,
whilst in summers in which the rainfall is
above, and the temperature below the average,
out-door Tomatos will still afford a sufficient
return to repay for the labour and attention
bestowed on them.

To cultivate the Tomato with a complete
measure of suecess in the open it is necessary
to fully understand that it is a heat-loving
subject, und that the English summers are
short and frequently rather cool. f these
facts are well considered it will be seen
how important it is to have strong, well-
grown plants to put out at the end of May
or beginning of June so that they may ከር
able to derive the fullest possible advantage
from the heat of the summer, whether
great or little.

If the seeds are sown too early the plants
are apt to become starved in their. pots
before weather conditions enable the grower

to put them in the open, and valuable
time is lost because these plants take a
long time to become established. — Plants

from seeds sown late, on the contrary, caunot
become sufiiciently strong to enable them
to bear a satisfactory crop.

The seeds should be sown during the first
half of March and the seedlings transferred
singly to small pota so soon as they are
large enough to handle. After they are well
established in these pots they should be
shifted into six-inch pots and grown on in
a pit near to the roof - glass, with just
sufficient warmth to maintain. growth in. a
progressive state, and a free circulation of
air. Very rich soil and a high temperature
should be avoided, the aim being to promote
stout and firm growth which may ከር easily
hardened, so that no check will be experienced
hy the plants when preparing them for
planting out-of-doors. i

The most suitable position for Tomatos in
the open is at the foot of a south wall,
and the next best the south side of a close-
boarded fence. They will. in most seasons,
produce crops on east and west aspects, but
not until the whole of the space on the
south aspect has been filled should any
planting be dene on the other aspects. On
very warm ‘soils fairly good crops may be
obtained in hoi summers from plants in open
quarters, but results are so uncertain that it
is wise to plant only where some degree of
protection ean be obtained.

In all but light sandy soils it is almost as
important to plant somewhat above the ground-

level as it is to put out strong plants. By

this method the rooting area becomes more
exposed to the beneficial influence of the
sun, and the plants make quicker growth,
due to increased soil temperature. There 15
also no danger of the plants being injured
by an excess of moisture at the roots. as,
however heavy the rainfall may be, the water
will quickly drain away. Where the soil is
naturally cold. and heavy it is desirable to
add a liberal quantity of light. sandy soil,
such as [ከሁ refuse from the potting bench
or. failing that. well rotted vegetable manure
and river sand.

When planted. Worniatos require vers little
attention beyond. tying and pinching oul the
side shoots, which should, however, be done
regularly. No soon as growth becomes aetive

መ 14108 TRE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. ATL ix.

P : - -. 2 — — — — ፍ ጋ” ቂን ዊው ቸል አጨ — ፍመ ድ ረቱ ዜ E lye Pert ae ~ ee, = =:
—_— MÀ M — — — — —— — Se — —— — — Ss as SS — —— —— “EAL copi መዓየችቹ ቀ: ma ንም መናም” መኩ sr}

A r ANTONIO DAVANZO, | fu E D

| GIUSEPPE FRATELLO&Co. |

ANDRIA (BARI) ITALY...
ት

WHOLESALE S SEED GROW
GRAND SELECTED. jeeciaLm

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: o Caulilower, Leeks: and. Lettuce:
ON ከክር FOR ANY. “SPECIAL |

Carters ‘Leather-Jacket Killer.

A on-poisonons, ‘safe, sure mid sany cure.

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=> REN .... so "V ADCO Accelerator. The fadt
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| 198 f mame xd nearest 655635 tation. 2

4 561b of ADU Accelerator make One Ton x

| 28 l4 4/8- — Ir W^ st SOME s TB MAR SINN

| ait Corrige Pau. x ርይ ‘unt —

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0088፳5 PLANTS |
HARDY. SCOTCH GROWN: ss

| — eps, fequirig. ር litysanthieninrs.-
- HoRTicULTURAL. CENTRAL Heating Dalilius, Pansres, Violas, Hardy Hor -

AND. “DUCT ION ‘GAs PLANTS: buceous “and ^ Alptne- Plants: should

— — ታኝ CROSSE Y BHR — scr EE M E | || omestt our Plant. Catalogue, Post |]
: | Des ———— — | a ree os application. —

i QNM Mention this Paper. :
| DOBBIE & CO. LTD.
dite Seninde EDINBURGH:

S TOUR AM SAT — TORY’

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190

some people's olfactory nerves are not 89
sensitive as others. This is especially tho
case after influenza. Therefore a person

getting to the windward of a bush, that is
rather “going off." in the middle of the
day, may genuinely believe that it has no
odour, whereas a fortnight before someone
passing the same bush in the early morning

or late evening, and having it to the
windward would notice its fragrance. Our
rural postman, delivering letters at seven

a.m. and six p.m., once asked me what the
lovely scent in the drive was, as no flowers

were out. Gathered blooms probably soon
lose their scent--mine (as sent to the

Editor) were gathered in the morning and put

in water to enable them to withstand the
journey: they were posted in the evening,
and were still fragrant when opened at The

Gardeners’ Chronicle office the next morning,
but by the time they had been inspected
there, re-packed and sent to Kew and un-
packed there it is possible that the scent
may have departed. With regard to D.
Laureola as a bush, if planted fairly in
the open it feathers all round, and the
fact of the branches being bare except at
the tip is not noticeable; but when grown
in the shade and close to other shrubs it
looks very “leggy.” ል. M. Hinchliff, Instow,
N. Devon.

Vines from Eyes.—In reply to your corre-
spondent C. (page 153, February 28), concern-
ing vine propagation from “eyes,” the eyes are

inserted in small squares of turf. The soil
is removed from the centre and the hollow
filled with silver sand, in which the eye is
placed; the turves are then placed. on a hot-
bed in the Melon house. under hundlights,
and sprayed every morning. "Phe tops of the
lights are removed for one hour every

morning. The roots push out quickly, before
the bud bursts into growth. Nix dozen eyes
were treated thus this season and every one
rooted and all are growing well, The
varieties are Muscat of Alexandria, Madresficld
Court, and Alicante. With reference to
‘ripened wood,” | always select. firm wood
of a nut-brown colour, and from shoots that
have not carried a bunch, with the buds not
too prominent. 1 have found no difference
between basal buds and the following ones,
either in starting into growth or in the produc-
tion of eanes. This system f adopted on the

advice of the date Mr. James Wilkins,
of Messrs. J. Veiteh and Sons, Chelsea,
still remembered by a good many gar-

deners as one of the finest vine propagators
of his duy. F. Streeter.

Onions Cranston's Excelsior and Ailsa Craig.
—]n reply to Mr. George M. Taylors remarks
concerning my note re Cranston'3 Excelsior
Onion, I may state that when Excelsior was
sent out ] seeded. one of the best, globular

bulbs, thinking 1 had something different
from the type. The resulting seeds were

sown in heat and the seedlings planted out
in specially prepared ground, but to my
surprise 1 had more Onions of the Excelsior
type than 1 bad of the rounder seed parent.
The following year 1 seeded one. of the best
bulbs of Excelsior shape and the ultimate
result was practically the same. Those trials
of my own were sufficient to convinee me
that Excelsior. produced both types, so IL did
not have to wait for the Wisley report about
thirty years. later to discover this. facti. It
in ዚ matter of no moment to me whether
Mr. Taylor considers my experiments eon-
elusive evidence or not; he is welcome to
rely ህክ flower show schedules or seedsimen's
catalogues. Mr. Taylor admits that in the
Wisley Trials Messrs. Dickson and Robinson's
Premier received an award as an Ailsa Craig
type. J see the same sort of Onion exhibited
at all the local cottagers shows in this
district, for prizes given by various seedsmen

on the condition that seeds are purchased
from them. In one exhibit tho Onion is
so-and-so'a Supreme, in another, Nonsuch

and so on, but they are all from the same
stock, which was originally Cranston's Excelsior.
Grigor Roy, Halswell Park Gardens.

SOCIETIES.

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL.

Marcu 10.—There was a particularly በክር
exhibition on the occasion of the R HLS.
meeting on the above date and a very large
number of Fellows and visitors took advantage
of the sunny day to attend. Orchids were
unusually good and occupied a very consider-

able proportion of the hall. In addition to
these, there were several goodly displays of
Daffodils and other carly bulbous flowers,

groups of alpines, flowering trees and shrubs
and a few indoor plants, while, as i« usual,
there were. several. exhibits of Carnations.

Orchid Committee.

Present; C. J. Lucas, Esq. (in the chair),
Gurney Wilson (Secretary), James O'Brien,
J. Wilson Potter, W. J. Kaye, E. R.
Ashton. T. Armstrong, Arthur Dye, NS. W.
Flory, W. H. Hatcher, Chas. H. Curtis,
Henry H. Smith, H. G. Alexander, J. E.
Shill, Fred. K. Sander, A. McBean, John C.
Cowan, Stuart H. Low, :Frederick J. Han-
bury, H. T. Pitt and C. Cookson.

FinsT-CLAss CERTIFICATES.
Cymbidium Flamingo var. roseum (Merlin. <
Aleranderi). From Lt.-Col. Sir Geo. L. Hor.
FOLD, K.C.V.O., CLE., Westonbirt, Tetbury
(gr. Mr. 11. G. Alexander). A noble. variety

with large and finely-formed flowers. of ከ
bright blush rose tint, the broad white
labellums having a 1uby-crimson band in
front and some small ruby spotting.

Miltonia Beau Brummel, Pits | varicty
(Venus 4 Bleuana Reine Elisabeth). From
H. T. Pim, Esg., BRosayn, Ntamtord Hill

One of the showiest of
characters of the
Bleuana ued show
and petals are

(gr. Mr. Thurgood).
Miltonias in. which the
handsome form of M.
to advantage. The sepals
dark Tyran-purple with white ups, the
broad hp rose colour with rayed purple
lines on a white ground at the race.

AWAKDS OF MERIT.

Cymbidium Bullfinch var. Brilliant. --—roim
Lt.-Col. Nit George lfotporp. A mode!
flower of fine substance with yellowish ground
unel and. Hned with purplish-ro-e; the lip

Is whie with a claret. band in front.
Cymbidium Miranda, — Westonbirt — varicty

(Adecandert x Lowio- grandiflorum). From

Lt.-Col. Nir Gro. Honeorp. The plant bore

ac noble spike of twenty-two large flowers
with greenish-gold. sepals and petals and a broad
white lip with a purple band.

Cymbidium — Alecanderi, Overlia earicty.—
From Messrs. J. AND. A. McBean, Cooksbridge.
A well-marked and fine form of this Cym-
bidium. The plant had a spike of nine large
blush white flowers that have a purple-dotted

band on the front and side lobes of the
lip.

Cymbidium Tityus (Woodhamsianum x
dlevandert), From Messrs. ARMSTRONG AND

Brown, Orchidhurst Tunbridge Wells, A grand
flower with creamewhite sepals and petals
delicately shaded with rose, and a broad,
White lip finely Marked with ruby-crimson.
Cattleya Jupetus Tityus x< Edith) - From
Messrs. J. AND A. MeBran. A large flower
of the Tityus class, with bright mauve sepals
and petals and crimson-purple front. to. the
broad, crimped lip.
Laclio.Cattleya H. T.
Enid . እ... Biella).

Patt var. superba (C.
From Messrs. FLORY
AND Brack, Slough, A grand form of this
very beautiful. hybrid with large, rosy -11iuve
sepals and petals and a ruby-crimson lip with

a yellow disc.
PRELIMINARY COMMENDATION,

Mirtmar (Ida * Mars)—From
McBEAN, Cooksbridge.

Odonltoglossum
Messrs. J. AND A.

A perfect flower. of deep purple. colour. with

white tips to the segments.

CHRONICLE.

Maren 141. 102:
(Gier ns,
Lr.-Cov. Sir Geo. L. Horrosup, K. C. V.
(gr. Mr. H. G. Alexander) was awarded ..
Silver-gilt Banksian Medal for a fine grew,

raised ዘ! Westonbirt: the
flowered and of th

of Cymbidiums
plants were profusely

usual high quality associated with Wester.
birt. Cymbidium President Wilson — niic
nificum whieh bhad been. previously es.
hibited is a very finely coloured and
distinct. form, in addition to. those whi
secured awards there were a pretty varies.

of the unique C. Goosander, which secure :
a First-Class Certificate at the previous meetin:

grand forms of €. Alexanderi, Westonbir:
type, which, as a hybrid and a parer.
ranks as probably the best: varieties of ‹
Cypnet, C. Merlin, C. Flamingo, C. Redstar;
and its hybrid C. Redshank and others.
Messrs. oJ. AND A. McCBrAN, Cooksbridoi.
were awarded the Gold Medal for a grand
group of great extent and excellent arrange-
ment, which comprised not only a tine

selection of Cymbidiums but a rieh assort-
ment of most of the hybrids of the season,
Odontoglossums, Odontiodas, Cattleya. and
Laclto-Cattlevas. White Cattleyas were con
spicuous, and among the Odontoglossum
were O. Miguelito var. Conquest, a variety
of rieh colour, and OQ. Dictune, a grand
flower brightly blotehed with mauve- purple
Fine forms of many of the better knovn
Cooksbridge hybrids were shown vell
every plant. being 8 perfect example of viru
a well-grown Orchid. should be.

also

MESSRS. CHARLESWORTH AND Co. Hays
Heath, were. awarded ai Silver-gilt) Bank i
Medal for an exeellent. group in whieh thea
Miltontoda-

new types of hybrid Miltomias,
and Odontonias were attractive features and
promising forerunners of still greater thmi -

to come. Among the Odontozlossum-, O.
Wilekeanum, Fowlers variety, is one of the
eherished forms of the late J. Gurney Fowler,

the best Wilekeanum of its elass and likely
to produce grand. results by crossing. Of the

many and varied, M
Bleuana) 1“ a 111)

Miltonias, which were
Princess Mary. (Hyeana

novelty whilst others with the features: eof
M. Reine. Elisabeth leave Little to be desire d
m their. class.

MESSRS SANDER, St. Albans, secured a
Nilver-giltt Banksiin Medal for an exstonsisc
group in. which were many superb Cymbidium..
their latest novelty being. €. Phyllis (Alexanderi
x J. Davis Cooperi) a fine, green tinted
flower with delicate tinge and. white lip
with ruby-erimson band. CC. Alexanderi,
Sanders variety is a worthy representai ive
of. this favourite hybrid: €. Louis Sander
was also shown well, and. the collection include:
a fine selection of Cattleyas, Lalio-Cattlevas and
Odontoglossums with a number of interesting
and rare species. ላ fine. plant of Coelogyne

lose

eristata alba was staged in the front œ!
the group.

11. '[. Prrr, Esq Rosslyn, Stamford Hill
(gr. Mr. Thurgood). was awarded ዘ Silver
Banksian Medal for a group rieh in fine
hybrids and rare species, the Masdevallia-
among the Jatter being specially interesting

Odontoglossum Nt. James with its large, rich
purple flowers witb pure white broad margin
i« one. of the best Odontoglossums shown this
year. (X selection of his Epidendrum Endresio
Wallisin, other species. of Epidendrum and
varieties of. Lycaste and Maxillaria were. also
noted.

Con. STEPHENSON R. Cark, C. B. (Orchid
grower, Mr. 4. W. Wilson) was awarded በ

Silver Banksian Medal for an interesting and
pretty group of. — Dendrobiums in whieh

varieties of D. nobile included the white form:

some pretty yellow hybrids of D. signaturm
and the very fine D. Thwaitesie, Veitch's
variety; D. Lady Colman was one of the
best in form and colour and the severa!

Ainswort hit,
the

D. Euryalus, 1).
elass were good

forms of D.
Cybele and others of
and varied.
Messrs. COWAN
a Silver Banksian

AND Co. Nouthgate, secured
Medal for an effective

Marcu 14, 1925.

exhibit of good Cymbidiums among whieh
their C. Lowio-ygrandiflurum = concolor was
very distinct. Two fine plants of Brasso-

Cattleya British Queen were in the front of the
exhibit, which included Laelio-Cattleya Jan
(C. Octave Doin = L..C. flaumea), a showy
flower; the white Cattleya Freda Sander
and other. white forms arranged effectively
with the darker forms; a grand example of
Odontioda Hanmerae and various Miltonias.
Messrs. STUART Low AND Co.. Jarvisbrook,
Sussex, staged an effective group for which a
Silver Banksian Medal was awarded. Cymbidium
Lowgrinum was noticeable in this group, and a
selection of Dendrobiums included the rare species
1). atroviolaceum. The best of the several

showy Odontiodas was Oda. Laura, a large
and richly.coloured. flower. Many showy
Odontoglossums with interesting botanical

species were also included in the display.

OTHER EXHIBITS.
Messrs. ARMSTRONG AND BRowx, Tunbridge

Wells, showed, in addition to the new
Cymbidium Tityus, a plant of their grand
form of C. Gottianum with three superb
blush-white flowers.

Messrs. FLORY AND BLACK, Slough, showed
a fine white Odontoglossum crispum and
Laelio-Cattleya H. T. Pitt variety superba,

the last a grand flower.

Floral Committee.

A.—Present: Messrs. H. B. May
chair), J. M. Bridgeford, Hugh
Ingamells, M. €. Allwood, J. B.
Streeter, G. W. Leak, D. B.
Thomson, Chas. B. Pearson,

Section
(in the
Dickson, J).
Riding, F.
Crane, W. P.

Andrew Ireland, H. J. Jones, Donald Allan,
W. Howe, E. R. Janes, and W. D. Cart-
wright (Secretary).

Section B.—Present: Mr. C. T. Musgrave

(in the chair), Sir W. Lawrence, and Messrs.
G. W. Loder, Jas. Hudson, G. Reuthe, W. B.
Cranfield, F. G. Preston, A. Bedford, E. A.
Bowles, R. C. Notcutt, W. J. Bean, T. Hay,
I. H. Wilding, €. Williams, G. ነ (11,

Reginald Cory, Clarence. Elliott, G. Harrow,
and HR. W.

Trotter.
FIRST-CLASS CERTIFICATE.

Freesia Wistarta. -A beautiful, large -flowered
variety of clear Wostaria-blue colouring, but
with white or very pale blue shading in the
throat and a little yellow at the base of the
long tube. This is a strong growing variety,

and its distinct shade of colour is certain to
make it extremely popular, especially with
ladies. 11 received. an Award. of Merit. on
March 14, 1922. Shown by Mr. (፡. H.

Dalrymple, Bartley, Southampton.

MERIT.

Gem of the
Woods.—In this variety the flowers are of
medium size and pure white. They are
broadly campanulate and carried. in. twos or

AWARDS OF

Rhododendron Leonardslee

threes at the ends of the branchlets. The
lanceolate leaves are deep green above and
paler beneath. They are also hairy on the

upper surface and along the margins. Shown
by Lapy Lopek, Leonardslee, Horsham.

Salis qracilistyla. -One of the comparatively
new Japanese Willows and one that is found
also in Manchuria. 1! was introduced about
1895. The species is interesting and effective,
especially when the stout growths carry an
abundance of — silvery-grey catkins; — when
the stamens protrude from the latter and the
yellow pollen is. exhibited, they are peculiarly
attractive. Later in the year. the species
earrics an abundance of. oval leaves which
are somewhat abruptly tapered at each end.
These may be from. two to four. inches. long
and from half-an-inech to so much. as one-
and-a-quarter-inch wide. "They are grey-green
above, somewhat. glaucous, and silky. beneath.

The species was named by Miquel, and
aceording to Mr. Bean its synonym is
S. anutabilis, Hort. Shown by the Hon.

Vicary GiBBs. (gr. Mr. E. Beckett), Aldenham
House, Elstree, Herts.

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE,

GROUPS.

Messrs. J. CARTER AND Co. ure
gratulated on their extensive
Hyacinths in pots which was
arranged on a floor space just
entrance. A large number of the
varieties was represented and these all were
characterised by large and shapely spikes,
while tbe disposition of the colours was
especially successful. Mauve Queen and the
darker Lord Derby, Dr. Lieber, Roi des
Belges, bright red, City of Haarlem, yelow,
and Duchess of Westminster are the names
of only a few of the varieties ዕን well
grown and shown (Gold Medal).

The Caledonian strain of Cyelamen per-
sieum whieh we have admired on previous
occasions, was the subject of a very exten-
sive display by Mr. J. W. ForsytH. On
the present occasion the mammoth white

to be con-
group of

tastefully
inside the
best

variety was deservedly given prominence.
The erested sorts were also important and
many distinet colours were shown. The

strain is evidently very floriferous as well as
productive of exceptionally large. blooms
(Gold Medal).

Freesia Wistaria which received the high
award of a First-Class Certificate was exten-
sively shown by Mr. G. H. DALRYMPLE.
The name is very appropriate as the colour
of the flowers suggests the blue, though
perhaps a little intensified, of Wistarin
sinensis (Silver) Banksian Medal).

The comparatively new Rose
Mary was well shown by Mr. Enisua J.
Hicks, who also staged Rosa Moyesii, R.
Hugonis, Climbing Lady Hillingdon, and
Climbing Mrs. H. Ntevens (Silver Banksian
Medal). Mr. GEoRGE. Prince had splendid
blooms of Richmond and the pink Columbia
as well as Madame Butterfly, Coral Cluster
and Austrian Briars (Bronze Banksian Medal).

Carnations continue to be shown in fresh
and bright colours and Messrs. ALLWOOD,
Bros., added charming little vases of their
Dianthus Allwoodi (Silver. Banksian Medal).
Mr. €. ENGELMANN again showed a number of
varieties which are grown extensively for
market (Bronze Banksian Medal).

Messrs. STUART Low AND Co. included
vases oof Nir Philip Sassoon and Lady
Hindlip in. their collection of Carnations and
also groups of Anthurium Scherzerianum varic-

Princes-

ties possessing very large ,spathes, Hippeas-
trums, Acacias, Camellias and other green-

house plants (Silver. Banksian Medal).

Particularly good forced shrubs were
tributed by Messrs. L. R. RUSSELL,
who imeluded several valuable. greenhouse
Rhododendrons, particularly R. Countess of
Haddington and R. Veitehianum laevigatum.
They also had very floriferous Wistarias,
Pyruses, Azalea mollis and Clematis (Silver
Banksian Medal).

Various Rhododendrons, both in flower
and as dormant shrubs, were staged by Mr.
G. REuTHE, who also showed alpine plants
(Silver-Gilt Banksian Medal) A vivid mass
of Rhododendron Cornubia, R. argenteum,
R. ciliealyx and many blooms of Nt. Brigid
Anemones were displayed by Messrs. R.
GILL AND Son (Silver. Banksian Medal).

Tulipa praestans, Narcissus triandrus, [ris
orchioides and T. Buchariea, with various
alpines, were arranged in an attractive low
rockery by Messrs. WATERER, NONS AND
Crise (Silver) Banksian Medal). A well-
designed rockery was also built and planted
appropriately by Mr. F. G. Woop and in
one bay he grouped many Saxifrages, Blue
Primroses, and other lowly-growing plants (Bronze
Banksian Medal).

A rockery of pleasing design was
by Messrs. CARTER PAGE AND Co. and
provided most. suitable places for generous
batehes of Hepatica. triloba Saxifraga Jr-
vingii, S. apiculata varieties, Muscari, Cyclamen
Coum and other appropriate plants (Silver. Bank-
sian Medal). Saxifrages were also used by Messrs,

con-
Lro..

made
this

SKELTON AND ኪ1ዚዘና m their nest rockery
whieh also contained the graceful Nareissus

minimus (Brenzo Banksian Medal).

A considerable variety of Saxifrazes was

ON

Messrs. R. TUCKER AND Sons,
them were N, Sunder-
mannii (of Kew) S. burseriana sulphurea,
and other varieties. There were also nice
batches of Hepaticas of good colour and
Pinguicula alpina (Silver Banksian Medal).
Mr. G. A. MILLER set up an enviable
variety of. Polvanthuses and Primrores,
Daffodils, and a delightful batch of ‘Tulipa
Chisiana (Bronze Banksian Medal).

Andromeda floribunda, Dicentra
spectabilis, Naxifraga oppositifolia major, S.
Gem, and some splendid plants of S. His
Majesty were contributed by Messrs. M.
PRICHARD AND Sons (Silver Banksian Medal).
The Misses Hopkins displayed Blue Prim-
roses and other seasonable flowers (Bronzo
Banksian Medal).

Many — fascinating
attractively arranged by Messrs. BARR AND
NONS. Amongst a number of — Crocuses,
Kathleen Parlow, a large, pure white bloom,
was prominent by reason of its excellence.
Crown Tmperials, Anemone blanda, and other
sorts and Iris Burgundy are the names of
other attractive plants (Bronze Banksian
Medal).

A rockery of satisfying design and associ-
ated with many valuable flowering and
foliage — shrubs was exhibited by Messrs.
WM. CUTBUSH AND NoN. Japanese Maples,
Pyruses, Azaleas, and Rhododendrons were
very conspicuous. (Nilver Banksian Medal).
Messrs. BAKERS, Ltrp., showed seasonable
plants. Mr. H. HEMSLEY set up several
larve clumps of Erica carnea with other
shrubs and alpines. (Bronze Banksian Medal).

Violets were well shown by the Misses
ALLEN-BrRowWN (Bronze Banksian Medal) and

displayed by
and chief amongst

(Dielytra)

spring flowers wero

Mr. B. Pinney; the forms included. several
varieties with pink or pinkish flowers, and
these attracted some attention.

ላ magnificent table of Iris. Wedgwood
was arranged by Messrs. LOWE AND SHAWYER.
This valuable Iris received an Award of
Mert when shown by Messrs. LOWE SHAWYER
AND VAN WAVEREN on January 27 It is sup-
posed to be the result of crossing Iris tingitana
with I. Niphium. Considerable quantities
have been on sale in Covent Garden Market since
quite early in the year when the colour was
what may be termed silvery-blue, while on
the present occasion, no doubt on account
of longer days and a stronger light, they
ዘር of a richer. blue, though in each
Instance it is a most charming flower. ላከ
illustration. which appeared in The Gardeners’
Chronicle of February 7 last gives a good
idea of the graceful. form of the flower, but
can convey no impression of the charin of
colouring, (Silver. Banksian Medal.)

Primroses in pots were shown by B. H.
Bunton, lp. Byfleet. illustrating with the
living, flowering plants, the geneties of
coloured. — Primroses, especially in regard to
the varying shades of blue and red colcur.

Messrs. REAMSBOTTOM AND Co.
displayed excellent. bloomns of. their
St. Brigid Anemones.

again
strain of

Narcissus and Tulip Committee.
Present: Messrs. E. ላ. Bowles (in the
Chair), F. Herbert Chapman, J. Duncan
Pearson, J. de Graaff, ፻፲. E. "Vitehimarsh,

J. 5. Arkwright, P. R. Barr, W. loupart,
(.. ነነ. Leak, 4. ነነ. Jones .ላ]ከ(([1 W.
White, Geo. Monro, W. B. Cranfield, C. Hi.
Curtis, and the Rev. Joseph Jacobs and
R. W. Asheroft | Seeretary).

AWARDS OF MERIT.

Medusa. 1181 sweetly - scented
belongs to. the 'Fazetta Section
and promises to be an
onc. The flowers are of medium size, pure
white with a fiery-scarlet, flattish cup. In
many instances the stems bear two flowers,
consequently the variety promises to be
useful for garden decoration as well as for
other purposes. On this occasion ic vained
the award as a market flower and also as
a variety suitable for the garden. Shown by
P. D. Wittrams, Esq, Lanarth, Si. Keverne,
Cornwall,

variety
(Division SN),
extremely ueful

192

Godolphin.—A handsome, soft golden yellow
and entirely self-coloured Trumpet variety
(Division 1A). The bold flowers are shapely,
the perianth segments broad with the inner
three slightly twisted, while the finely formed
Trumpet is neatly frilled at the mouth. We
understand that Godolphin opens its flowers
nearly a week before King Alfred when
grown under similar conditions. "The award
was granted to it both as a market flower
and for garden decoration. Shown by P.
D: WiLLIAMS, Esq.

GROUPS.

A very attractive collection arranged ከሃ
Messrs. BARR AND SONS contained a goodly
number of excellent seedlings. These were
chiefly of the large Trumpet type, but others
were equally well represented. Of the named
varieties the large Trumpets again attracted
most attention. Orange Glory is a well-formed
flower of very rich colouring. Le Bean is
similar in colour but possesses an exceptionally

long tube. Warwick belongs to the large
Trumpets, which have very widely opened
tubes. The drooping flowers of Alice Knights

were chastily beautiful. Besides the Trumpet
varieties we have named above there were
especially good blooms of Leedsii, Barri, and
Tazetta varieties (Silver Banksian Medal).

Trumpet Daffodils with sulphur-yellow tubes
were prominent in the fascinating group set
up by Messrs. J. R. PEARSON AND SONS.
These included Capella, Vega, and Empire.
Amongst the bicolors of especial note were
Spring Glory and Lady de Bathe, while Mr.
R. Sydenham, a pearly white Trumpet, was
also of considerable merit. ‘The brightly
rimmed Barri types included Firebrand,
(Gipsy Queen, and Marshlight (Silver-Gilt
Banksian Medal).

Mr. P. D. WirLiAMs showed showed some
excellent vases of Narcissus Medusa and the
large Trumpet Daffodil Godolphin.

Chief amongst the varieties shown ከሃ
Messrs CARTWRIGHT AND GOODWIN were
Victoria and Empress, bicolors, and Southern
Gem, Homespun, and Sir Watkin (Bronze
Banksian Medal).

The spring bulbs growing in ornamental
bowls of fibre which Messrs. R. H. BATH,
Lro., tastefully arranged, were fully cqual
in merit to any of their former displays.
Tulips La Neve and William Copland,
Narcissus Emperor, and Sir Watkin, as
well as Hyacinths, Anemone fulgens and
Fritillaria Meleagris illustrated the valu: of
fibre as a rooting medium for spring bulbs
(Silver Banksian Medal).

Messra. J. CARTER AND Co. hal a
collection of particularly well-grown
Alfred Daffodils in pots.

Fruit and Vegetable Committee.

Present: Messrs. J. Cheal (in the chair),
W. Poupart, P. C. M. Veitch, Geo. F.
Tinley, A. C. Smith, S. B. Dicks, A. Bullock,
A. Mctealfe, Ed. Beckett, F. Jordan, H.
Prince, E. Neal, H. Markham, and W. H.
Divers.

Mrs. | PHiLIP MARTINEAU,
Sunningdale, exhibited three fruits
Tangerine Orange, a very large varicty of
this type of Orange from Havana, Cuba.
The quality of this large Tangerine Orange
is very good.

Messrs. G. BUNYARD

small
King

Broom Hall,
of King

AND Co., Lro., showed

a select exhibit of Apples representing the
most desirable sorts in season. The varieties
included. Reinette du Canada, Court Pendu
Plat, Brownlees Russet, Hormead's Pearmain,
(rabalva, Ontario, Braddick’s Nonpareil,
Rosemary Russet, King’s Aere Pippin,

Adams's Pearmain, and Duke of Devon.

UNITED HORTICULTURAL BENEFIT AND
PROVIDENT.

THERE was a good attendance of. members
on the oecasion of the Annual General Meeting

of the United Horticultural Benefit and
Provident Society held at the Royal Horti-
cultural Hall on Monday, March 9. Fol-

| T HE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE.

lowing the usual initial formal proceedings a
silent vote was taken in memory of the
members who lost their lives in the great
war. The report of the Committee for 1924
was then presented, from which we make
the following extracts :—

The members of a Society which has attained the
mature age of sixty years. and undeniably proved its
usefulness during that period, have every reason 10
rejoice on the occasion of its Diamond Jubilee. The
Committee of the United Horticultural Benefit and
Provident Society is proud of the high position the
Society holds among provident. societies, and is not
unmindful of the services rendered ungrudgingly by
those Officers and Members of Committee who managed
the Society's affairs in the earller. leaner and more
difficult years of its existence. All honour is due to
them. for on the foundation laid by Mr. Wm. Marshall
and Mr. Shirley Hibbard they raised the substantial
base of an enterprise their successors are proud of.

Since its establishment in 1865 the Society has paid
£4,363 5s, 3d. to members who have passed the age of
three seore years and ten; to the nominees of deceased
members. £7,020 14s. 6d.: to lapsed members reaching
the age of sixty years, £1.708 113. 7d.; in payments to
sick members, £16,452 Ss, 4d. ; and it has contributed
£3,688 13. 1d. to members in distressed circumstances.
Thus, the total payments to members during sixty
years come fo the handsome sum of £33,323 በ4. 90.
Notwithstanding በ1 these disbursements, the Society
has now invested funds totalling £68.776. and herein
lies its security. During the sixty years of its life 3.016
gardeners have been admitted to membership.

During the year £3,600 has been invested
and £987 113. 2d. paid out in sick pay in
add tion to £211 4s. Od. paid from the
Distress Fund. References were made to thc
successful annual dinner held at the Imperial
Hotel, under the presidency of Lionel de
Rothschild, Esq., on November 5 last, and
also to the death of Sir Harry J. Veitch,
who was for many years the Society's patron

and its warm and influential friend. We
gather that the additional benefits resulting
from the proposals made at the Special
General Meeting in 1924 have been greatly
appreciated by the members and these,
together with the advertisements of the
Society, have resulted in the addition of
92 new members during the past year.

Management expenditure came to £429 4s. 74..
while the Treasurer’s statement showed a
balance on the right side of £970 Is. 8d.,
and investments now come to the splendid
total of £68,041 163. 64.

The Chairman, Mr. C. H. Curtis, moved
the adoption of the report and accounts and

the motion was seconded by Mr. Vasey,
who confessed that although he had been a
member for thirty years this was his first
appearance at an annual meeting, but he
hoped it would not be the last. The
report and = accounts were then adopted.

On the motion of Mr. Butler and Mr.

Edwards, Mr. A. Bedford was heartlily thanked
for his services for the past year. A vote
of thanks was accorded to the Trustees- -
Messrs. J. Hudson, Riley Scott, and C. H.
Curtis—on the proposal of Mr. Divers seconded
by Mr. Prince. The retiring members of
Committee were heartily thanked for past
services and re-elected, on the motion of Mr.
Young, seconded by Mr. Gee. Messrs. Gunner
and Puzey were re-appointed auditors and a
vote of thanks was passed to the horticultural
press for kindnesses received, on the motion of
Mr. Wesker, seconded by Mr. Bashford. The
meeting agreed that a sum of £100 should be
transferred from the surplus interest account

to the management fund to enable the
Committee to carry on its advertising
campaign.

An interesting matter was then raised on

the motion of Mr. Gaskell, seconded by Mr.
Price, to the effect that, as the Society was
celebrating its Diamond Jubilee, some little
token of appreciation should be given to each
officer of the Society and every member of
Committee. It was suggested that this little
souvenir should take the form of a small and

suitably engraved medal or pendant that
could be hung on a watch chain. The
Chairman. pointed out. that this was በ matter

in which the Committe. could. not. very. well
vote or take part. and. ከሁ suagested that. the
proposal should include a limit of expenditure.
The sugezestion was accepted and a sum of

Marcu 14, 1925.

£25 was fixed as the limit. The motion was
then placed before the meeting and supported
by several members and eventually carried
unanimously. Mr. Craik then moved the
confirmation of the minutes of June 2, 1924,
to enable the Committee to adjust the
amounts allotted for the relief of member:
in connection with dental, optical, surgical
and other matters, so that a larger propor-
tion of relief (up to seventy-five per cent.)
might be allowed in thc cases of dental andi
optical treatment. This motion, which effected
only the State members, was seconded bx
Mr. Young and carried unanimously. On the
motion of Mr. Cresswell, seconded by Mr.
Bartlett, the Chairman was heartily thanked
for his conduct of the meeting and for ከ15
services as chairman of the Committee during
the past year. Subsequently Mr.Curtis wax
re-clected chairman and Mr. Butler vice-
chairman.

Obituary.

Mrs. H. W. Ward.—We regret to learn that
Mrs. Ward, widow of the late Mr. H. W.
Ward, for many years gardener at Longford
Castle and subsequently in business as a
nurseryman, at Lime House, Rayleigh, Essex.
died at her home at Rayleigh on the 3rd
inst., aged 87 years.

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

NAMES OP PLANTs: K. W. The small-
leaved shrub is Lonicera nitida and the
other, L. Standishii. G. L. W. 2, Cupressus
Lawsoniana; 3, Cornus Mas. G. W. Eupa-
torium Weinmannianum (ayn. E. odoratum).

MAGNOLIA PUMILA AND M. Coco: E. W. W.
Magnolia pumila (syn. Talauma pumila) is
a native of Amboyna and Java and
should succeed under cultivation if grown
in an intermediate temperature. The white
flowers are sweetly scented and produced.
more or less, all the year round. We are
doubtful whether it is in cultivation in
this country, except in one or two botanic
gardens. The species is figured in the
Botanical Magazine, t. 977 (1806), but
there is little. information concerning it in
the text accompanying the illustration,
although an observation of interest is ‘ we
have been informed that some Botanists in

Madras, considering this plant as a new
genus, named it CQiwilimia in honour of

Lady Gwillim, the patroness of the science
in that Presidency." Magnolia Coco appears
to be De Candolle’s name for the same
plant; M. pumila is Blume's name, and

Talauma pumila is credited to Andrews.
Bailey, in his Standard Cyclopaedia of
Horticulture, uses the first of these three
names and regarda the other two as
synonyms.

PLANTING Roses: X. W. You do not
state what is the nature of the soil in
which you have planted your Roses,
whether heavy or light; if the texture of
the ground is light, cow manure placed

well below the roots would prove of great

advantage to the plants in dry weather.
As you made the roots very firm the
Roses should succeed, and the materials
you have incorporated with the ground
should be helpful to them, but bone-meal
would have been better than basic slag.
There will be no necessity to protect the

plants from frost. If the weather proves
very dry in the late spring, when the
plants are commencing to grow freely, a

mulching of short stable litter. placed over

the roots would serve to keep the latter
moist.

Communications Received.—M. M..--A. 6.—T. W.—
E. H. K.—R. A.—(C. P. K.—Nk. M. H.—F. 4. R.—
W. A.—F. 15.---12. P.. Cleveland— Reader. [.. R. A.—
G. R.

Marcem 14. 1925.

MARKETS.

COVENT GARDEN

, Tuesday.

March 10, 1925,

Plants in Pots, etc. : Average Wholesale Prices.
(All 48's except where otherwise stated).

Adiantum 8. d. s. d.

cuneatum

per doz. . 10 0-13 0
—elegans . . 10 0-12 0
Aralia Sieboldii |.. 9 0-10 0
Araucarias, per

doz. ... 90 0-42 0
Asparagus plu-

mosus ... ... 12 0-18 0
—Sprengeri . 12 0-18 0

Aspidistra, green 36 0-60 0
Asplenium, per

02. de ... 13 0-18 0
—32's ... 24 0-30 በ
—nidus ... 12 0-15 0
Azaleas, per doz. 15 0-36 0
Cacti, per trav,

—12's, 15's 50-70
Crotons, per doz. 30 0-45 0
Cyclamen—

- 6 . 36 0-48 0
—48'a . 2440-30 0

8. d. s. d.
Cyrtomium ... 10 0-15 0
Erica melanthera,

48’s per doz. ... 21 0-30 0
— —60’s, per doz. 8 0-10 0
Hvacinths, in

boxes—
—white, pink and

blue, per doz.

spikes ... . 80-40
Marguerites, white,

48's, per doz.... 18 0-30 0
Nephrolepis, in

variety . ... 12 0-18 0

—392's ... 94 0-36 0
paima; Kentia ... 30 0-48 0

15 0-18 0

Pteria, in variety 10 0-15 0
—large 60's .. 50-60
.. 40-50

per tray

. ... 2 6-3 6

Cut Flowers, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.

Adiantum deco- s.d.a.d
rum. doz. bun. 18 0-54 0
—cuneatum, per
doz. bun . 12 0-15 0
Asparagus plu-
mosus, per bun.
long trails, 6s 2
med.sprays ... 1
short 0
—Sprenzerl, per bun.
£g sprays
medium ,, ees :

short
Azalea. white. per

doz. bun. 0-10 0
Bouvardia. white,

per doz. bmm ... 12 0-15 0
Camellias, White,

per box . 36-40
Carnations, per

doz. blooms 80-50
Croton leaves,

var.. doz. leaves 09-26
Daffod ils
—Emperor, per

doz. bun. ... 10 0-12 0
—Golden Spur,

per doz. bun. ... 30-50
—Henry Irving,

per doz. bun. ... 30-50
—King Alfred,

per doz. bun. ... 10 0-12 0
—obvallaris, per

doz. bun. 30-50
—Sir Watkin, per

doz. bun. .. » 0 120
Fern, French, per

105. bun 09515
Freesia, per doz.

bun., "special 9 0-12 0
—White, per doz.

bun 26-30

— Special, long,per
doz. bun .. 9 0-12 0
Galax, American,
green and bronze,
per doz. bun. ... —
Iris tingitana, per
doz. spikes...
gen Dutch, per

ub lancifollum
album, per doz.
blooms s M — መ

30
50-60
40-80

d s.d.
Prunus triloba
Dutch), per bun. 1 0- 1 6

Richardias (Arums)
per aoz. wee

Roses, new crop,
per doz. blooms,

9 0-10 0

Richmond 60-90
Ruscus, French,
per bun. .. 10-20
Smilax, per doz.
trails ... .. 20-30
Sweet Peas, per
doz, bun. . 15 0-18 0
Tulips, per bunch—
—Couronne d'Or 20-20
Reine... 16-20
—Mons Tresor ... 20-26
—Prince of Austria 1 9- 2 0
—Rosina ... 16-20
—Thomns Moore 10-19
—W m. Copland... 20-29
ት ከር per doz.
xis 20-40
— Flowers—
Anemone. dble,
pink. per doz... 3650
— De Caen. mixed,
per doz.. 9 0-10 0
—single blue, per
doz. 30-10
Carnations, per
bun. 16-20
Freesia, long, per
pad 14 0-15 0
— yellow,
perpad.. .. 80100
Marigolds, per pad 7 0-10 0
Mimosa, per pad 8 0-15 0
—per bun. .. 10-13
Narcissus—
—Grand Primo,
per doz. bun.... 410-60
—ornatis, per
| doz. bun. 7 0-10 0
—Soliel d'Or, per
doz. bun. .. 40-50
Ranunculus, double

scarlet, doz bun. 8 0-10 0
—Carmine, per

—rubrum, long, per
dox blooms idi 40-50 doz. bun 8 0-12 0
—short “” 30-40 | Roses. per pad ... 8 0-10 0
Lilium longifloram —Ulrich Brunner,
long, per doz. ... 70-80 per doz. blooms 6 0-10 0
short , - — Star (Allium),
Lily of the Valley, per pad, 48's ... 10 0-12 0
x Pet doz. bun. ... 24 0-36 0 Stock, double
Narcissus— white, per pad
—Scilly White, per 54 bunches ... 8 0-10 0
doz. bun. 30-50 —double coloured 7 0- 8 0
Orchids, per dos. Violets, Parma,
—Cattleyas ... 24 0-30 0 per bun. . 30-36
—Cypripediums.. 60-70 | —single, per pad 6 0- 8 0
mrt ፡ per Tdo Wallflowers, per
26-40 pad — .. 50-70
— —There is a plentiful supply of most of
the home-grown flowers of a choice nature, but
Daffodils and Tulips constitute the most important
features. Carnations are moderately plentiful. but
their ey is none too good. and there are a few
more Roses coming to hand. but still not sufficient
for the demand. and the best English Roses are
making up to 12- a dozen. The prices for Lilium
longiforum are easing: the blooms marketed are of
good quality and fairly plentiful. ፐከኮ also applies
to Richardias (Arum Lilies). Tulips are plentiful.

the majority being from home growers. and their prices

are holding well.

as the Channel
sorta.

Isles are

is now praet ically

Violets are of very poor

Daffodils from home
plentiful
French flowers are getting very poor in quality
and the majority of them will soon be over.
finished for the
qualify.

growers as well
and of numerous

Mimosa
season and French
Home-growers are

TIE

GARDENERS’

CITRONICLE,

Xl.

their prices are
French ones. Snow-

Lilac is both good and
has a good assortment of
yet blooms for foundation

rending some excellent. Violets, but
dear. in view of the failure of the
drops are almost finished.
cheap aud the market now
flowers for all purposes,

work in floral designs are maintaining their recent
values,
Fruit: Average Wholesale Prices.
ATP. 8. d. s. d. | s.d. s.d
eon New- Grape Fruit,
15 0-18 0 Cuban .. ... 20 0-24 0
— Newton "Wonder 6 0-10 0 —Jamaica 20 0-24 0
—Bramley’s Seed- —Florida ... 25 0-27 6
ling— 10 0-15 0 ; Lemons, Messina,
—Californian ; perbox ... ... 80100
Newtown , 120-1410 —Murcia ... 12 0-14 0
—Spitzenberg ... | 14 0-18 0 | —Naples . 15 0-25 0
—Stark ... 26 0-30 0 Oranges, Jaffa ... 16 0-20 0
—Russett... ...25 0-35 0 | —Spanish—
— Baldwin ... 26 0-30 0 —300's . 14 0-30 0
—Greening . 90 0-35 0 | —360's eM s 0
—904'8 .. 80
— “ብ 16 0-25 0 | —Seville ` 7 90 0-25 0
-. 0 170-276 | Malaga Sour ... 17 0-20 0
| Pears, South
Grapes— | African—
—Gros Colmar ... 40-60 | —Beurré Hardy... 40-60
— Belgian Colmar, | — Beurre Superfin 3 0- 7 0
per Ib. ... .. 2636 | —Louise Bonne of
| Jersey 40-60
Grapes, South | Pines — .. 2 0-46
African— aoe African EM
" , B eaches... »
—— bs j | —Nectarines ... 5 0-10 0
— Red .10 0-120 | _plums, Kelsey 10 0-15 0
—White . 120-150 | Tunis Dates, 005. 50-60

Vegetables: Average Wholesale Prices.

s.d. 8. d. 8. d. 8. d.
ean ሺ Lettuce, per dozen 1 9 2 በ
eee 26-30 — Outdoor 26-30
- orthing 20-26 Mushrooms, cups 26-36
—Madelras per —broilers .. .. 20-26
box — .. 3660 Onions, Valencia, er
er case 1 0
Dosts per wt... ቆ፦ : ° english, percwt. 12 0-13 0
Cabbage, per tally ^ 0-70 Parsnips, percwt. 40-60
Canary 18land Peas, French, per
Tomatos .. 18 0-25 0 cane .. 80-90
Cauliflowers, per Potatos, C anary
doz. zs .. 30-40 Island, per case it 0-12 0
Forced Mint, per —Spring crop 15 0-18 0
doz. * * 0-10 0 Potatos, per ton—
Celery, best, washed, —Dunbar .. 220 0-240 0
per bundle 20-30 | —King Edward 190 0-210 0
—Second . 09-10 —White .90 0-160 0
Chicory, per lb... 0 5-0 3 —New Guernsey lb. 0 8-0 10
Carrots, per bun. --01 Potatos, New—
—New .. M ሙ- —Algerian, perib. 0 24-0 3
Cucumbers, per —Azores, per case 10 0-18 0
doz. .. 90-160 Radishes—
Dutch Onions ... 11 6-13 0 | —Guernsey round 1 6- 5 0
Endive, per doz 16-36 —Guernsey long... 1 0-10
Batav ia, per doz. 30-3 6 —French ... 20-30
English Asparagus— Rhubarb, Forced.
—Finest .. 7680 per doz... 26-30
— Best 40-50 —“ Natural i per ;
French Asparagus— doz. ... 70-80
BR ede PR Green 70-80 Savoys, per tally 7 6-12 6
6 0-10 0 Seakale, per 1ከ.... 0 7- 0 9
Greens, pet beg 10-20 Spinach, per bushel 5 0- 6 0
Horseradish, per Sprouts, bag ... 40-70
bundle ... 20-26 Sweet Potatos ብ 9 0-3 6
Leeks, per ‘Turnips—
bundles ... 26-36 —new, per bun ... - 0 10

REMARKS.—Brighter weather has been altogether favour-
able to the fruit trade, most departments reporting
better business. A very large consignment of fruits from
the Cape has been the main feature of the market,
The bulk of the fruits consisted of Peaches, Nectarines,
Plums, Grapes and = Pears. A portion of the fruit
unfortunately was over-ripe, Pears in particular being
in poor condition, The Apple trade is firmer and both
home-grown and imported Apples are quoted higher.
Some very fine. parcels. of English Apples from cool
chambers have been marketed and realised. satisfactory
prices. Hothouse Grapes, although feeling the com-
petition with South African fruits are selling fairly well.
The prices of forced Beans are slightly easier owing
to increased supplies. Forced Asparagus is going out
steadily in spite of the competition with French Asparagus.
New Potatos from Guernsey are a good trade, but
New Potatos from the Canary Islands. Algeria and the
Azores are moving very slowly. Forced Rhubarb has
receded sharply in quotation on more plentiful supplies
of "natural" Rhubarb being available. Mushrooms are
in short supply. Green vegetables have been inclined to
be easier in price. Trade in old Potatos is steady
with ample supplies on offer.

GLASGOW.

Business was good in the various departments of the
market during the past week and except in a few
instances prices ruled firm, particularly on Friday,
when the highest levels were recorded. Supplies of
fruit were well maintained. First consignments of
Cape products met with a ready sale although the
Peara were not in the best condition, the quality
being rather mixed. Williams's Bon Chretien made 4/-
per box and Beurré Hardy 6 -. while Peaches averaged
6- to 7- and Grape 12- to 16-. English Gros
Colmar Grapes were steady at 39 to 5- per Ib.
and Scotch- grown at 36 to 4-. Oranges displayed
an improved tendency. 300’s, 360's and 240'ጻ averaging
from 15 - to 9?0-; 4208. 20- to 32,-; Murcia, 20- to
24-; Jaffa and Sunkist. 15- to 20.-; Seville Bitter,
16,- to 17-; Palermo, 13-; Lemons, 12 6 to 13.-; and
Grape Fruit, 18- to 25). There was a numerous
selection of ae in various brands and gradings.
Newtown Pippin advanced to 50- per barrel and

as follows:—

recs ¢f other well krown sorts ranged

Nova Scotia Baldwin. 2Z3- to 24 -; Stark. 26 to 32 -:
Ben Davis. 22- to 26-; Canadian Greening. 30- to
36.: Baldwin, 24- to :35-: Oregon Winesap. 136 to
166 per cases Newtown. 13 - to 18-; Spitzenberu. 1:36
to 016-; Delicious. 166 to 176: Ortley, 13 6 to 13-:
and Rome Beauty, 126 to 1456, Winter Nelis Pears
made 28 - per case, Turban Dates sold. for 3 3 per doz.:

Figs. 7 6,

In the eut flower market. Tulips were in shorter
supply and in order to meet their requirements buyers
ma to concede firm prices. Darwin Pink, No. 1 made

19 for 6's: Bartagon, 12 to 1,6; Prince of Austria.
üd. to 1-: Couronne d'Or. 104. to 1 3; Tea Rose,
91. to 1 -: Pride of Haarlem. 1 6: Copland, 100. to
12; Vuurbank, 101. to 12; and Murillo, ኮብ. to 1 1.
Daffodils from the open are now competing with
blooms raised under glass. The former made 4 - to
R- per doz. for Golden Spur and 4- to 5- for Sir
Watkin. while forced flowers sold at 10 - to 13 - for
specials of the first named and 10- to 12- for the
latter. King Alfred averaged 1 - to 1 2 for 6s: Emperor,
11: and ornatus, Gd. to Sd. per doz. Richmond Roses

were worth 4- to 6- per doz. for smalls and 6- to
9- for specials, while Sunburst ranged from 10 - to
13-. Best Camation blooms advanced to 3 - per doz.
and ordinary blooms averaged from 2 - to 3-, Lilac
vielded 7 - to 8- per doz. for white and 5- to 6-
for purple: Prunus, 2 6 to 4 በ per bunch: English Wall-

flower, 2 - to 3- per doz. bunches: 8nowdrops, 1 6 to 2.-;
Anemones, special. 9 - to 10-; ordinary, 4- to 3-:
English Violets, 4d. to 6d.: special. 1 6: French Violets.
2-: and Parma Violeta, 2 - to 3-; Lily-of-the- -Vallev.
16 to 26; Richardia (Arumg). 8- 10 10-: Lilium
Harrisii, 9- to 12 -: Asparagus. 1 6 to 2 በ; and Smilax.
16 የበ 2 -. Hyacinths in bowls sold at 2 - each and
Wallflower plants were cheap at 16 to 2- per box.

The feature of the vegetable section was the advance
to 56 - in the price of Rhubarb, Onions were easier,
o's being 13 -, 6's 13 -, 4's 11 - per case and 12 - per
bag. Siboes averaged 6 - per doz. bunches; large Lee ks,
7: Horse Radish, 1 6 per bunch; and Madeira Beans.
6- to 7 - per box.

TRADE NOTE.

ON Wednesday of last week, Messrs. Felton
and Sons, Ltd., Hanover Square, W., entertained
their emyloyees and their friends on the
occasion of the annual staff ball There
was an attendance of one hundred and thirty
persons, and a very enjoyable evening was
spent. In addition to a full programme of
dances there were novelty dances for which
special prizes were awarded. After supper
the guests were presented with favours,
while a fleet of big balloons was let doose
among the dancers, adding to the merriment
of the occasion. During the evening those
present were not unmindful of those less
pleasantly situated than themselves, and they
balloted for a large basket of fruit and
flowers presented by Mr. R. F. Felton, with
the result that a substantial donation was
sent to the Gardeners’ Royal Benevolent
Institution.

SCHEDULES RECEIVED.
NORTHAMPTON MUNICIPAL HORTICULTURAL
Tenth exhibition to be held in Abington Park. on
Wednesday and Thursday, August 5 and 6.—Secretary,
Mr. H. Curtis. Abington Park, Northampton.
ROYAL AGRICQLTURAL SOCIETY OF ENGLAND.- Horti-
cultural Exhibition to be held at Chester on July 7. 8,

9 and 10.—Secretary. Mr. Peter Blair, Trentham, Stoke-
on-Trent.

BRITISH CARNATION SOCIETY.— Exhibition to be held
at the Royal Horticultural Hall. Westminster, on
March 26.—Secretary, Mr. P. F. Bunyard, 57, Kidder-
minster Road. Croydon, S.E.

GARDENING APPOINTMENTS.

Mr. W. E. Eden. for the past four years gardener to
the late Lord Ailwyn, Honingham Hall. Norwich.
as gardener to Mrs. A. C. Birkin, Tacolneston Hall.
Norwich.

Mr. G. W,

SOCIETY.—

Grass. for the past six years gardener to
the Brockhall Institution, Whalley, Lancashire, as
ardener to Lady Jane Furness, Grantley Hall,
ipon, Yorkshire. (Thanks for 2s. 6d. for R.G.O.F.
Box.—EDs.).

Mr. Ernest Geo. Hales, previously gardener to J.
Barnard, Esq., Stone House, Reigate, Surrey,

as gardener to E. L. Tomlin. Esq. J.P., Angley Park,

Cranbrook, Kent.

Mr. J. Kitt, for the past year and seven months
gardener to the Lady Mae Robert, at Colney Park,
St. Albans, as gardener to Sir W. Mount. Bt., at
Wasing Place. near Heading. in succession to his
father, who s:rved for forty years at Wasing Place.
(Thanks for 2s. 6d. for R.G.O.F. Box.—Eb*.).

Mr. W. Sage, for the past three years gardener to THE
LADY BLYTHSWOOD, Penrice Castle, Swansea, as
gardener and Park Keeper to the MINEHEAD
DISTRICT COUNCIL.

URBAN

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.
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| | HOT "HOUSE |
DAVID SWAIN & CO," “SuwpeRs Iti, Susser 1990. Wilma,
Ma a i ifs QD 09 ያ... PLANT — RII A አሕ ርኪ
‘FRUIT HOUSES ~ BUNGALOWS

E O HEING APPARATUS
it dA eI OT — — ———— AND: BUILDINGS FOR ES STATES
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Largest Manateetórm oF ቪ| | —— é PROGRESSES 1 E d
Flower Pots " tie Word. 8 > f “ዳር ው ጋ de
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CHEAPEST: B | — — sod patel — am 33.

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SPECIAL POTS- $ ‘Rigrodionia ty proada ዜር wall l-baianced manures, ^] 0

Por Roses Vioe — |. THEY ARE SUCCESSFUL. - |:.-

Clematis, Orchids, add $ | — sul. Mo xestimenitala.. Ceofnpnare anal pila m
Chrysanthemums. : ASK FOR TREE SAMPLES. 7

GARDEN FERTILISERS.

65. i énicorganis, tà ie, — Orgauto. to. - |.
digin ot tòp dfesa 45AM: - ቭ1 $ #6. አያስ ይይይ Adiuro
$25.Puow. 2-68 Pot. ^| -6%2. Ple. | —— dod
— ds ደ Bey. | pore. roe RE db b esc

TEE BAILEY & — Ltd..
603 Heg — ፪ኛ — ለ) roa

Mant iones

CFanoy Fern Pans and
Bulk Howls,
from 3d. estts,

Na. Waiting!
Ail Orders | executed
the same day às
received.

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$ k HOENN Unique. ‘Collection.

— —— — —— — iy tn ia ia —

ሐ... State. quantity of each atze quei — — apre dm — Jor: ከ — *
የ9 and hows Carriage. Fati quotation. or write Deui ARSE,
mmi; for Hiustrated Pics List, — ለበ "e Best | in ወ ጩጨ
RICHARD SANKEY ፳ SOM, LTD, AEG
Rayal Potteries, ERA LEE GA
BULWELL. —— — | UU
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— * * * መሎ” * 2 WIEN: e» EPUM es tee MEL SES - Yu.
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Plant. now. ta. ave a season.

| ASPARAGUS.

; extra’ strong graded roots, i; scent
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‘Thomas: Rivers & Son. Ltd,

The Nurseries

SAWBRIDGEWORTE, HERTS.
Station e HOW En d FP K. |

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ያ ሐፀ UST WAT:

ል 'E E D S coc "በጩ apóücaliod «2.

፪ HARRISON'S. Reliable WEED KILLER
"wed ket your Garden Paths Cartage Drives, tts
tee brain: Weds’ for st leust 12 months: ‘The best
ከ0 ‘for Daisy Tinta and Dandelion in Lawns |
ghiens ie Hoe. drmniende Buving tir Labour €

qt BUS; ve 2:6. Dnm, qn extras rr. Paid i
. 10: è — ae :፡.. se ge OR 3: -
ee ፡፡ 8” xz MA Cok: ; "$t. — —
፡ ሠለ የ are nol — ie — — —

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Tat EEDING GS

KE PORT — OE T |
IMPERIAL BOT ee aL CONF ERE NGE U
£ n ir. 1117 qu 4. — —— 4 REE |

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zm Ferter dans 1,816. F £.

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Sealey 4,3 »

Hp N w x —* veg an urns dnd casks if -ceturned vi Dé pone
1 | CRESA PA E within 2 ገዞህአያዳይ›: -: :.:::.-
ats 8.›-፤ክ Hit prices of the abave
vang. ote that: this. Weel- Bitter a.
9290 2. መ].፦ጹ- |
i Ordimiry alrength- Yet ፎይቭህካ - ; EUR 3. ፈ።
mixed witir 3) gallons of water wi MAP RAS NA 000

mover #6. rea ob frog: 3 to 36.
: 30 08፻፳: sarda fect. . RELIABLE

ፎፎ HARRISON, WEED
tee. er a
GAELS E M ae

—— —

OA semine E

— * eur. ፡ አዘን መ y ter — cau i N
d ment te 2 California, :
መመ and በሠ; EREE of “|
- biigina. makete. m i England.

y ed ‘pon. & በኤ boi; 6 —
| m d simplicity, and m the sampletedess And:
=ጁ clearness’. ob: aes information, EAR - Hit, be:

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e E veryone ab loves Ferns ‘should Piven dipy:
: this, 1ዘ8ሪ s altae. ከሽ) 35. worth: br —
“fha ite very. low price: ‘f

W. WALTERS & CO., Amberley Grove, Gide, ‘Surrey. ae
| መመ =| GARDENERS! CHRONICLE, LTD. —
E 1 “SUPPLY OF “Ey 5, Tavistock Sts, Covent Garden, W.C. 4 —
i — ይ 810/85: 5፣ SOWING 8! | sc Oo ; ነ) ክር O a | 2 — 0868 m 81018 " Tage Um TAT a |
iria a irn — አ E cud. "ron n 2 i Astley’ $ “EMERALD GREEN” '፣

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;2 lbag 49. 3 doe By: 155.. 89: Bose: Paid :.|
Ate Jp 155. aod yer. . 47 per 1b. Carr, Paid.
ED GEORGE: ip TINLEY.
ci THOMAS, HUMPHREYS: ጸ:1:1
— TRYING, with: an Inirofuc 1
tion By: Migs “GERTRUDE”

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Miss ONES uM. ANSON.

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SOUTH LONDON — ceo 56. :

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| HORTICULT URAL STORES. T [.
SH assist: gardeners. in laying. Qut their | Si
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|H. SCOTT & SONS’ | wronnrs |
aus FoR /gED$,- ROCK: GARDENS. AND. ATURALIZING. - ib us ` -Tegard- io. the. colours: and. heights: of

4 IMPROVED LAWN SAND. i Mise STANISTREET can Auppls now: healthy ;-[ !
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GARDENERS ር CHRONICLE, Ltd: |
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CATALOGUE TRER | —

BLACKMORE &

ps 47 Carriage: Faid und: Bohs free :
; J OHN COCK, “Potato. Spaniels
et Weston. ን SEALY MER d

ከ ae i The Letchworth: የ
PROPAGATOR. FRAME! Ue
1 elimlites the het-hed * Aiert and —
NICA none portale: fran. Esterual Lamp. 1 .
Mice ier ari (tur $e Sip 04. bein ——— |
\ T vi A I

ለ BOOK POR TROPICAL | GARDENERS.
| “ ty Jue
: ይቬዥፒይደ ምኒ abb. SEN : FREE. ON. APPLICATION. 0s fhe ‘THE MANGO’
ኗሪ me mm cm Tp. Der Pu | JOHN FORBES (Hawick) LIMITED 2 E G: MARSHALL WOODROW.
X Pads E don, : | T
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— LINCOLNSHIRE SEED me ፌር Chan. አዌ: io scit and ክሄሐይ። ይ T m E UE af this ከ66 brochure.
— FELEN EOTS Atih Ques * Mary Hare ang haire Varieties, 0": ital al Adi: ee 1 eset. jx g
— ende, uos 8968 — 898 AND GREENGOUSE PLANTS OF ALL ENDS. ;

Ques: Mai
are ae: oct heat rca “Rind: anil for Ci mdegiis - —

Athen iting, pisate AGE quanti regus at, te a DA
— 4 SONS, LTO. | JAMES CYPHER & SONS,
West No. 13) KIRTON, BOSTON, Lines — Exotic Nurseries, CHELTENHA

— — — Puro ira elt Pare — —

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dm coy. ERNS oui to phy "os E Lage wale ‘shan’ “they: de am ‘hes Eng! ish: giden =.
imo “There ate 80. many. places | where, 18. consequence “bf shade cast by tall trees or e LUE
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dE dO culeivate them. cannot do: | etter tham purchase the little. "hook. whose Mur: appears co E
S above: c d. 528 ከር obt ained from ; WR HEAR A 2 እ. | =
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: : a GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, du. 5 Tavistock 9 Covent Garden, w. C: 2 |

ieri Van idus, m t i itty — — —

መ” —

E

EE BR

2: TAT ጄ፣ ; 7
Marcu 14, 1925. THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. Xv.
: ANTED immediately, SINGLE-HANDED OUNG MAN, married, —— for
GARDENER and WIFE; small stove house, Kitchen Garden and lawn 'mowl state age
vinery, cool-house, tennis lawn, shrubbery, and fruit wages.—-HEAD GARDENER, Ireton Wood, Idridgehay,
trees, kitchen garden. poultry; in all about two- near Derby.
thirds acre; in addition, to clean motor car. Wife
to cook and attend unmarried assistant doctor, and

Twenty words (or three lines including headline),

As., and 1 8. for every succeeding eight words (or

line or portion thereof). Fee for having replies
addressed to this office, 18.

Advertisers desiring their Advertisements
repeated must give full particulars,
otherwise no notice can be taken of their
communications. Name and address alone
are insufficient.

Gardeners writing to Advertisers of Vacant
Situations are recommended to send them
copies of testimonials only, retaining the
originals. To part with original documents
means to run a great risk of their being
mislaid.

When addressing Box numbers, it ts essential
to give the initials or pseudonym, as well as
the correct number of the box.

MUNICIPAL AND PUBLIC.

DENBIGHSHIRE EDUCATION AUTHORITY.

PPLICATIONS are invited for the post of
ASSISTANT HORTICULTURAL INSTRUCTOR
for the Lllvsfasi Farm Institute, Ruthin.

Applicants must possess practical experience in gardening
and a knowledge of Welsh is essential.

ኑ

The salary offered is £140 per annum.
Forms of application, together with lists of duties. may

be obtained, on the receipt of a stamped addressed
foolscap envelope. from THE DIRECTOR OF EDU-
CATION, Education Offices, Ruthin, and must be

returned, together with copies of not more than three
recent testimonials, not later than the 3rd April, 1925.

Oth March, 1925.

PRIVATE.

\ JANTED, a very
WORKING
private place near
enthusiast in the
and iu the

keen, capable HEAD
GARDENER of four for a
London, one who is a real
keeping of fine grounds of 21
production of Grapes and other
vegetables. and flowers up to exhibition
standard. age about 35. a north countryman in
preference; good wage, with house, electric
coal vegetables: copies of references. Apply
instance to JOHN IRVINE, Manager,

Nurseries, near Grimsby, Lincs.

Bradley

NARDENER, HEAD WORKING,
gardener and boy kept, wife willing board boy,
large cottage shared with chauffeur, good all-round
experience, trustworthy, energetic and enthusiastic, new
garden, cool houses, motor mower, poultry.—LADY
GIBBS, Overponds, Shackleford, Godalming.

\

border ;
LANDS,

under-

ANTED, WORKING GARDENER, 30

to 40, experienced Inside, Out, and herbaceous
arden youth kept; no cottage. HIGH-
aneshill, Woking, Surrey.

OOD GARDENER wanted

i must have thorough experience Inside and Out;
another man kept; good lodge; no young children;
must have good references. —Write. stating age, wages,

immediately ;

and full particulars, Mrs. LLEWELYN, Ty Clyd,

near Abergavenny, Mon.

W JANTED, thoroughly experienced GAR-
DENER, herbaceous and rock plants, fruit

trees, conservatory, etc. for SINGLE-HANDED. private
place Gloucestershire, house provided. Apply first
instance stating age, experience, wages required, ete.—
W. HOPWOOD «& SON, Nurserymen, Cheltenham.

ANTED, SINGLE - HANDED GAR.
DENER, keen, hard - working, methodical,

central heating, boots, etc, occasional help with
electric plant. State wages and when at liberty;

good cottage.—BURN, Hyde Court, Chalford, Glos.

able to answer telephone and take messages intelli-

gently. Wages, cottage, coal, electric light. £3 weekly.—
Apply at once by letter, stating ages, experience,
giving head gardener’s references and full particulars

of each
Dr.

(number in
BARCLAY,

stated), to
Mansfield.

family must be
Woodlands, Rainworth,

( POE NER wanted, SINGLE-HANDED

with help; little glass; £2 week. new cottage,
5 rooms, ready July.—Write particulars, W. B.
LAWSON, Bentons, Bildeston, Suffolk

'ነ ANTED at onc, YOUNG MAN,
round SINGLE-HANDED, help given when
required, lodgings close; if wishing to marry must
live in, wife as COOK, etc, separate apartments
ready end of May, must both have excellent
references. Apply, A. G. (!.. Box 47, 5, Tavistock
Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2.

all-

*ARDENER wanted, for Merstham, Surrey,
Y SINGLE-HANDED, with help: excellent references
essential; knowledge vines. Wages 45/-. new lodge; age
35 to 40.—Reply fully to BARLING, Great ‘Ayton,

Yorkshire.

V TANTED, a good SINGLE-HANDED
GARDENER with oecasional help for a garden

at Epping: good wages offered and a comfortable place

for a keenly interested man.—Apply in first instance to

HEAD GARDEN ER. Copped Hall, Epping.

V TANTED. SECOND GARDENER,

SECOND
thoroughly experienced in growing under glass
flowers, fruit and vegetables for market: Arum and
Tomato forcing essential.—Capt. ALLIDAN. D.F.C.,
Estate Estate Office, Sherwood Lodge. Arnold, Notts.

V YWANTED, SECOND of
ground

and hardy fruit; motor
age 22-30. single, duty; state wages
erience.—G. BARBER, 'Hannington Hall
ighworth, Wilts.

pleasure
mower ;
and ex-
Gardens,

four ;

Outside,
bothy,
Hall

ARDENER, UNDER, single,

duty monthly. ex-service. good wages,
state age. experience.—P. TOYE, Ingatestone
Gardens, — Essex.

AV ካአ UNDER GARDENER, single,
with thorough understanding of plant and
flower growing, State ex-
pericnce, wages required. Ardencote,

Claverdon,

V TANTED immediately, UNDER-GAR-
DENER for Inside.—State age, experience,

and wages to HEAD GARDENER, Cleve, Wellington,

Somerset.

NAN Head
single MAN

under glass and Outside.
references, and
Warwick.

Gardener recommend
to take entire charge of glass,
experienced in fruit, Carnations, decoration, general
run of plants. etc —HEAD GARDENER, Badgemore,

Henley-on-Thames.

ANO E FOREMAN, Inside, good fruit
"^ and plantsman, Journeyman requiring frst

foreman's pl: icc. suitable, bothy; copies of references

or gardener's recommendation. ላ. B. C., Box 31,

5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

good

\ TANTED, FOREMAN or good JOURNEY-
rf MAN to take charge of glass department;
Peaches, Melons, Cues», Carnations and Chrysanths.;
wages 40'- and 4'- duty, bothy and vegetables.—ABBOTT,
Norbury Park, Dorking.

\ TANTED, reliable single MAN, charge
of houses, with assistance ; experienced fruit,
Cars, Mums., ete, ete. ; bothy; usual allowances.—

Particulars of experience, wage, and age,to GARDENER,
Brownsea Castle, Poole, Dorset.

VV ‘step SINGLE MAN,
Pleasure

chiefly for

Grounds and herbaceous borders,
age 25 to 30. State wages and articulars of
experfence; no bothy. C. SPRACKLING, Catmose
Gardens, Oakham, Rutland.

We KITCHEN GARDENER, single,
i only thoroughly experienced men ከርርቧ apply;
willing to do other work and duty ; state wages ;
no bothy.—GARDENER, 76, Parkside, Wimbledon.

V experienced man as LEAD,
Kitchen. Garden and lawns. motor mower, four
kept; duty. Wages £2 weekly, no bothy.—Apply HEAD
GARDEN EH, Hanslope Lodge Gardens, Stony Stratford,
uc

7 ANTED.

ገገ 5 MAN for lawns and Pleasure

grounds. Apply, giving full particulars. references,
Wages expected, duty extra, HAMMOND,
Norbury,

bothy,
Ashbourne.

- required,

Y ANTED, YOUNG MAN to take Lead
in Kitchen Garden, must be a good worker and
interested in his work.—State wages required, with good

bothy, ete. to ARTHUR BULLOCK, Copped Hall

Gardens, Epping.

ነነ AATED, YOUNG MAN for Pleasure
Grounds, knowledge of Atco; wages 35.-.

የ0068 and attendance. GARDENER, ' Druids Lodge,

Woodford, Salisbury, Wilts.

Wee JOURNEYMAN, specially ex-
perienced in rock gardens and shrubs; single.—
References to HEAD GARDENER, The Court, St.

Cardiff.

WANTED, an experienced JOURNEYMAN

for Inside: age not under 23; wages 34/-,
bothy, duty 5/-. —F. J. FOSTER, Grimsthorpe Castle
Gardens, Bourne, Lincs.

AN any Gardener recommend experienced
JOURNEYMAN, chietly Inside.—Full particulars,
apply A. BARRETT, The Gardens, Reigate Priory,

Reigate, Surrey.

NV experienced JOURNEYMAN
for fruit and plant houses, help Outside

When required. Particulars of eXperience, age, wages

no bothy, to W. HEADINGTON, Summers

Place Gardens, Billingshurst, Sussex.

\

gp.

TANTED JOURNEY MAN
houses. 33/-

lodgings near.
with references.

Park Gardens, Henley-on-Thames

immediately,
for fruit and plant
0- Sunday duty, no bothy,
age, height. and experience,
GARDENER, Stonor

JOURN EYMAN, experienced Outside, able
take duty; bothy, 32-, duty ው. WM. PENTON,

Warren House, Kingston Hill, Surrey.
Y ANTED, JOURNEYMAN for Carna-
l tions. Ful particulars and wages required,
with bothy, etc, to,A. LEWINGTON, Hursley Park
Gardens, Winchester, Hants.
Y TANTED immediately, thoroughly ex.
perienced JOURNEYMAN for Inside and
Out, chiefly Inside, lodgings near, duty paid. State
age, experience, wages expected. to C. MEARS,
Rockingham Castle Gardens, Market Harborough.
ANTED, JOURNEYMAN, experienced,
Inside and Out, age about 20; also YOUTH,

about 17. some experience.—W. BENTLEY, Port Regis,
Broadstairs.

OURNEYMAN, Outside: chiefly Hodiucegtis

and kitchen Garden. State wages, experience, age,
with bothy.—A. MITCHELL, Sherborne House Gardens,
Northleach, Glos.

ባብ... A single, wanted, Inside and
Out, no bothy, state wages required —COLONEL
SALA BLAKE, Estate Office, Boveridge Park,
alisbury.

ዳጣ»

ጓ TANTED, JOURNEYMAN, Outside, for
Motor Mowers, fill up time Kitchen Garden or
Pleasure Grounds, Inside experience; for duty one week
H four. Wages 30/- per week. 4 duty, bothy, etc —
i . T. FURNELL, The Gardens, Holy well Park, Wrotham,
ent.

\ YANTED, young, married JOURNEY-

MAN, for Inside and Out, wfth some experience.
Wages 34-, good cottage and garden, with electric
light. —Apply stating age, full details of experience, and
copies of all testimonials to F. BATH, The Gardens,
Chapel Cleeve, Washford, Somerset.

1 . chiefly Inside, some experience,
age about 18; duty alternate week, 5/- paid, bothy.
etc.—Full particulars and wages expected to F. W.
LARNER, Brodsworth Gardens, Doncaster.

TRADE.

ANTED, PROPAGATOR GROWER for
small nursery, Toms., Cues., Chrys., and beddin
experience and wages required to SOUTHEND NU t
SERY, Cold Ash, Newbury.

ANTED, experienced LANDSCAPE

FOREMAN.—State wages and full particulars
in first a lication: to JOHN WATERER, SONS, &
CRISP, LTD., Twyford, Berks.

xvi. THE GARDENERS

CHRONICLE.

1925.

Marcu 14,

WANTED, young, experienceed NURSERY
FOREMAN, well versed in the care of ornamental
stock in the nursery; also capable of superintending in
ornamental shipping department at delivery time.
Mintmum wage 30 cents. per hour to start. Wages to
increase with proven ability. Immediate employment.
Complete references required and details of experience.
Write E. D. SMITH & SONS. LIMITED, Winona,
Ontario, Canada. Established 1882.

ANTED WORKING FOREMAN ; land-.

scape experience; assist in nursery in off
season; single man.—Experlence, age. wages, and
references to J. SLATER, Nurseryman, Ilkley.

ANTED, working general nursery

FOREMAN; must be a good propagator
with a thorough knowledge of fruit trees an
Roses. Apply, giving age. wages expected, with

0 nal testimonials. which will be returned : cottage
5. nursery.—JOHN

found for married man close | to
BASHAM & SONS, The Nurseries, Bassaleg. Mon.

ANTED, working Rose and Fruit
FOREMAN, used to growing large quantities.—

Apply, giving age, wages expected. and copies of
testimonials stating where experience was gained,
S. McGREDY & SON, Royal Nurseries, Portadown.

We good WORKING FOREMAN,
must be good Cue. Tom. and Mum. grower,
understand vines, for market garden: also young,
UNDER-GARDENER; bothy.—F. VICKERS, Winger-
worth, Chesterfield.

GROWER for Tomatoes,

week and house; pro-
right man. — GILL,

ANTED,

Cucumbers, ete. ; £2 per

gressive and permanency to
Nurseryman, Falmouth.

ANTED, competent KNIFESMAN with

general knowledge of Fruit Trees, Roses, Shrubs,

Forest Trees, etc.—Appiy, with copies of testimonials

and wages wanted with free house and firing, to
MANAGER, Lissadell, Sligo.

(..፣ን፣ን ር e MEN wanted.
X —Apply G. POCOCK & SON, Temple Fortune
Lane. Golders Green.

ANTED, YOUNG MAN. for Market
Garden, Inside and Out; also good, all-round

GROWER.—G. LANGE, Hanworth Road, Hampton,

ARDY Plant Nursery, Surrey, JOURNEY-

MAN or IMPROVER wanted immediately. State
age, experience, and wages expected.—F. G. WOOD.
Nurseries, Ashtead, Surrey.

MS for Hillier & Sons Tree

Nurseries, Winchester, an IMPROVER. quick
at potting. Good opportunity for an intelligent
young man to learn new and rare trees. shrubs.

ete.—Wage given. and particulars trom HILLIER ሊ

SONS, West Hill Nurseries, Winchester.

ANTED, a LADY GARDENER : must

have a good knowledge of Bees; also Peach,
Straws, Cues, Toms, and Melons. ete., in cold
houses.—Apply BEES, Box 41. 5, Tavistock street,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

ANTED, HANDY-MAN, to drive motor
van and help in nursery ; sinvle—BOATW RIGHT,
Shakespeare Road, Herne Hill S.E.

(not over 40), used

to window-boxing, floral decorations, and shop
work.—Apply by letter, giving full particulars and
wages required, to SHEARNS, 231, Tottenham Court.
Road, W. 1.

Cet ae wanted

ANTED, good SALESMAN, with spare

time to attend flower shows when required in

and near London; gardening experience not essential—

For ful particulars; apply R. W., Box; 26, 5,
Tavistock. Street, Covent Garden. W.C. 2.

ነ J 7 ANTED, a well-recommended SALESMAN,

during spring season, to sell potstuffa and cut.
blooms on grower's stand.—Please state salary and
experiences to M. M., Box 27, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C.2.

ጓነ ፒፒ ORDER CHECKER in pack-

ing department of hardy plant nursery; please
state age, experience and wages required.—C. 8. B.,
Box 4, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

ANTED, FLORIST, up to date at

designs ; experienced in seed, bulb and nursery

stock sales, capable of taking charge of በክ up-to-date

establishment.—Experlence, age. wages. to J. SLATER,
Nurseryman, Ilkley.

SITUATIONS WANTED

(Advertisements at

this special rate are only accepted direct from

gardeners and nursery employees.) Fee for having
replies addressed to this office, 18.

f
|
)
|

PRIVATE.

H*?àP GARDENER, first-class experience
in good, all-round gardening: excellent long
reference from past Head: interview if
necessary.— BOLTON, Carmarthen Town.

employer as
Ystrad,

NARDENER, HEAD, highly recommended,

first-class experience all branches gained at
Brocklesby, Belvoir Castle. Easton Hall, Lavington Park,
etc.; age 36; methodical—ERIC GOODEN, Preston
Hall, Maidstone.

YARDENER, HEAD, where several are
kept; life experience in all branches of good
establishments; control of staff; good manager: excel-
lent references from present employer, 4 years previous
10j.—C. E. LAWRENCE, Dean Wood, Newbury.

R. J. THOMPSON, Chestnut Gardens,

. Oadby. Leicester, can with confidence recom-
mend E. ORME, as HEAD where several are kept,
years’ practical experience gained in good
keen and interested; excellent refs.,

establishments,
age 38, married, no family: 6 years Head last

=

lace, disengaged—ORME, Norfolk Villa, Glenfield.

icester.

*ARDENER, HEAD. Lord Calthorpe
can with every confidence recommend advertiser

who held above appointment upwards of 13 years. as
throughly competent in all departments and = of high
character.—Full particulars, H. STOWE. Grosvenor Road,
Handsworth. Birminghani.

(1A DENER, HEAD, where two or more

are kept; age 42; married; one boy, age 12; life
experience in 911 branches: well:recommended.—W EST,
Kotan Lodge, Wraysbury Road, Staines.

EAD GARDENER, life experience in
large private gardens, requires post in publie or
commercial gardens; thoroughly experienced in the
formation of Tennis Courts, Rose and Rock Gardens,
shrubs. herbaceous borders. ete.—Apply R. 5. (0.. Box
33. 3, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

HE RT. HON. SIR ARTHUR HAR-
DING. thoroughly recommends his HEAD
GARDENER. F. CAPON. where 2 or 3 are kept. all-
round experience. married, 2 children. 8 years! references.
68 previously.—Write F. CAPON, Coldharbour Manor.
Sharpthorne. Sussex.

R. JOHN CYPHER, Exotic

Cheltenham, can :with confidence
Ww. WELCH. HEAD where several] are
practical experience in all branches;
now in Lancashire.

ME A. D. BRADFORD highly recom-
mends his HEAD GARDENER. 12 years present

position, age 42, 2 children grown up, 27 vears’ first-class
experience in good establishments, skilful cultivator.
good organiser and manager of staff.—Garston. House.
near Watford. Herts.

Nurseries,
recommend

kept, life
excellent refs..

ኑ-

IR. JOHN HARRINGTON, KCMC.,
highly recommends his HEAD GARDENER.

trustworthy. capable man, good Manager, all. branches
of good gardening. Inside and Out; highest references,

including sir Edwin — Lutyens, R.A.: Carnations,
herbaceous borders, landscape: married. no family.
€. RUSE, Hyde Gardens, near Luton.

ARDENER, HEAD, of one or two, life

experience, Inside and Out, excellent references,

married. no family, age 36, cottage required.—H.
BONIFACE, Fenton House Gardens, Windmill Hill,
Hampstead, N.W.3.

EAD GARDENER, 16 years Head,

9 years in present situation; thorough knowledge
of all branches, Inside and Out; understands electric
light plant; well recommended.—HEWITT, Ashlands,
Billesdon, Leicestershire.

Y ARDENER, HEAD or SINGLE-HANDED

er care Of Horses, ride and drive; life experience

all branches: excellent references, 4 years last place,

married. age 37. two — children: — cottage required:

disengaged.—A. WILKINS. >=. Turntord Villas. near
Broxbourne. Herts,

YARDENER., HEAD or SINGLE HANDED

: seeks situation; life experience: married when
suited; cottage required. — WHENNETT. 17. Cottage

Grove, Surbiton, Surrey.

EAD, or good SINGLE-HANDED. life
: experience in all. branches, Inside and Out. last
4 years Head of three; highly recommended bv
‹[ቭ1)]()እ ርዮ: excellent. references previous: age 39; married.
two children. State wage.—F. SCARLETT, Kirkbs
Overblow. Harrogate. :

YXARDENER, HEAD, SINGLE-HANDED.

or would take charge of Pleasure Grounds.
life experience, age 31, excellent references married
when suited. State wages—C. H. H. Box 6 5,
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2.

YARDENER, HEAD WORKING, where
several are kept. 30 years practical experience
Inside and Out. early and late forcing; 6 years
present situation with Lord Wyfold.: highest references.
good manager. —H. WRIGHT, Wyiold Court Gardens,
near Reading.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, life ex-
perience all branches 8 years present situation
as Head. 9 years previous; highest testimonials, age
47, married.—SEAHLE, The Cottage, Uplands, Winch-

ub

more Hil, N.
EAD WORKING GARDENER, life ex-

erience all branches, Inside and Out. age 52
married, no family, highly recommended.—W. J. B..
Laurel Cottage, Farnham Royal, Bucks.

ME THOMAS KINGSCOTE, Cirencester,
À. wishes to find a situation for ከኬ HEAD

WORKING GARDENER who is leaving. as he
wants a smaller situation with one man; excellent
character. very hard working: age 34. wife, one
boy at home.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, of

several, thorough practical experience all branches,
Inside and Out, gained in good establishments; last place
19 years as Head; disengaged. owing to sale of estate:
highly recommended: single.—G. SIMSON, 25, Lime
Walk, Headington, Oxford.

ADY highly recommends HEAD WORK-

#4 ING GARDENER: honest. conscientious man :

thoroughly experienced in all branches. Inside and Out >

age 38. married: leaving through death—(tKIFFIN.
Beltwood. Sydenham Hill. S. E.

YARDENER, HEAD WORKING.

three or more are kept. age 47. married. one bos.
age 14, life experience in all branches. 6 years as Head
in present situation. well recommended by present
emplover.—COOK. Skeffington, Near Leicester.

where

Y ENTLEMAN confidently recommends his

Second Gardener as HEAD WORKING, life ex-
perience all branches. Inside and Out. early and late
forcing, keen. ambitious worker. used to controlling
labour. 34 wears present. splendid references, age 33.
married, no children. please state wayves.—E. BRYANT.
Purley, Reading.

YARDENER,

HEAD WORKING, seeks

re-engagemnent. keen. energetic. trained in first-
class establishments, thorough knowledge all depart-
ments: age 38, married: excellent references. EYRE.

Rhnby Hall Gardens, Retford, Notts.
RS. COLE highly recommends J. KEITH
as HEAD WORKING GARDENER where. two
or three are kept. life experience. excellent. references.
age 34, married. two children. disengage.—c o MRN.
MONEY. Ufton Road, Sulhamstead. Near Reading.

YARDENER, HEAD WORKING, of two
or three, or good SECOND; life experience, Inside
andiOut; excellent references. Leaving through death.
Age 37, married. no family. Please state wages. with
cottage.—STANDLEY, Castle Hall, Milford Haven,
Pembrokeshire.

( YARDENER, HEAD WORKING, life. ex-

perience flowers, vine. Peaches, vegetables. ete..
in good places; married; good referenees.—HAYWARD.
8, William Street, New Marston, Oxford.

( jon HEAD WORKING, seeks
re-engagement; life experience in all branches and
the management of a good establishment; thoroughly
recommended : 6 years present place as Head; married.
age ptr Ray ENS Cuffnell’s Gardens, Lyndhurst,
ants.

NARDENER, HEAD WORKING, where
another is kept or help given: 10 years? experience
Inside and Out; excellent references: married when
suited, ave 26.—M. B. (”.. Box. 39. 3. Tavistock Street.
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

E E HEAD WORKING, life ex-
X perience in all branches. including alterations:
understand Electric light; good references; age 42*
married. 2 children, boy 16, girl 12.—C. SIMS, Frittenden
House Gardens, Staplehurst, Kent.

(1 7 HEAD WORKING, life ex.
perience: thorough knowledge every branch oi
gardening. including landscaping: also Son certificated

R.H.S.: highly recommendod, excelent references :
wife help in house or lauudry.— AUSTEN, Manor
House, Shenley, Herts.

Marcu 14, 1925

THE

GARDENERS'

CHRONICLE.

xvii.

( à ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, life ex-

perience in all departments, marketing of surplus
produce and the general management of a good establish-
ment: 84 years present place: age 40. marricd.—J. S. H..
Box 45, ጋ, Tavistock Street. Covent Garden. W.C. 2

EAD WORKING GARDENER. capable

of handling large or small staff: highest recom-

mendations from past employers as to ability. enthusiasm

nnd integrity: age 35. married, no family: south pre-

ferred.—METHODICAL, Box 40. 5 Tavistock Street.
Covent Garden. W.C. 2.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING,

two or more are kept;
32, married; ex-serviceman.— HB. N. Box 35, 3,
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2

Y ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, in
Oxfordshire, requires situation where severa] are
kept; age 49, married, no family : good manager; life
experience ; highest references: also. bees and poultry.—
w Box 38, o, Tavistock Street, Covent
ር...

“STODDART, Esq., highly recommends
e his HEAD WORKING GARDENER where

where
life experienced ; aged

Garden,

four or more are kept; 15 years’ practical ex-
perience in large establishments, 2j years in present
situation; leaving through property being sold: age 31,
married, no family. — P. SLOANE, Tudor House
Gardens, Tudor Road, New Barnet.
ANARDENER. HEAD WORKING or

ጃ SINGLE-HANDED: life experience in all branches;
married, no family.—S. WRIGHT. The Cottage, Amble-
side, Albert Road. Wimbledon Park. N.W. 19.

G ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, or
J SINGLE-HANDED. all-round experience, in-

married.—
Tavistock Street, Covent

cluding rock garden and electric light:
B. E. W., Box 32, 5
Garden, W.C.?.

(i5 om SINGLE-HANDED, or
help. age 30. single.

excellent character.—G. ነኝ. 5.

Street, Covent Garden, W. C. 2.

YARDENER requires

with
experienced. Inside and Out,
Box 28 ጋ, Tavistock

situation, SINGLE-

HANDED or otherwise; life experience; excellent
references: age 27 years. married. no children.—H.
HARLING. St. Paul's Cray Hill, Kent.

G ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED or with

help, thoroughly experienced Inside and Out,
good reference, married, no family; middle-aged:
wife'a services if required. GREEN, Summercourt
Cottage. Heath Drive. Romford.

G NARDENER, 36, seeks situation, where
can get married in May; 15 vrs. fruit and vegts.,

Single-Handed ; hard of hearing.— H. BURN,
n: ግ በበበ, Road, Southtlelds, S.W. 18

( Y ARDENER, SECOND, or SINGLE-
HANDED. 36. married. life experience, fruits,

flowers, vegetables. herbaceous borders, lawns, excellent
references, last situation two vears. any locality. disen-
engaged. 36 - weekly.— BUTLER. Ivy Lodge. Carterton,
Clanfield.

NARDENER, SECOND, seeks situation in
well-kept establishment, good. all-round experience,
age 28. married when suited. excellent: references, please

state wages.—SMITH. Burnham Grove Gardens Buru-
ham. Bucks.
ARDENER, SECOND, seeks situation,

take charge, Inside, or Inside and Out, life expe-
rience, well recommended. age 35. married when suited,
home counties preferred.—W. CROSS, Ridgemead Gardens,
Englefield Green.

DVERTISER, single, aged 34, life ex-
ፌ perience, seeks situation as SECOND GARDENER
or good Lead on Pleasure Grounds; good general ex-

perience, Roses, Shrubs. Alpines. Herbaceous. ete.:
previous experience as Lead: excellent references and
well recommended. — T. HUSSEY, Heythrop Village,

Chipping Norton. Oxon.

WO YOUNG

MEN, age 23

and 18, seek

situation together, as UNDER-GARDENERS, 5
and 24 years experjence, knowledge of glass, elder
worked 3 wears single-handed. Keen. willing. references,

both leaving to better themselves. —M. 4. D. Box 4).

2. Tavistock Street. Covent Garden, ነነ.('. 2.

ITUATION required as UNDER-GAR-
k DENER, SINGLE-HANDED or otherwise, lite
experience, age 42, married, one child; — leaving
through reduction of staff. good references, ጋ years
last place.—Apply. 6. JOHNSON, Peacock Cottages,
Easthampstead Park, Wokingham.

R. R. GREENFIELD can with con-
fidence recommend FOREMAN, Inside or General,
— no family. for further particulars apply
. GREENFIELD, 81, Radford Road, Leamington Spa.

R. W. GRAYSMARK, Bury Hil Gar-

dens, Dorking. Surrey. confidently recommends

ዘ. TURNER as FOREMAN, Inside. age 28. married. no

children. life experience. excellent. refs. from first-class
establishment s,

— —— — — — — — — — —
— — — — —h — — —

CHANDLER, Moulton Paddocks Gardens,

e Newmarket, wishes to recommend W. APPLETON,

an INSIDE FOREMAN: life experience: age 27 years;

ne ana and northern counties preierred.—Apply በኣ
above.

ንሽ. . MAN requires situation ax
. FOREMAN, Inside. 10 years" experience in good
establishments good = refs.—MASON.,. Tewin Water,

ነ elw yn.

"OREM. AN, Inside, life experience tained in
large establishments: past two vears here as above:
excellent. refs.; disengaged when suite d: married: age 31.—
BULLIMORE, Gardens Banstead Wood, Banstead,
Surrey.

| as Inside or General.
situation in good establishment: experienced in
ave 40. married.—State wages with
S.P.G.. Box 3. 0 Tavistock Street.
W.C. 2

iceks

all branches.
cottage to
Covent Garden.

( YARDENER, life
kitchen, fruit. Rose.
recommended, economical.
married, age 34.---4. T. W..
Covent Garden, W.C.

M R. METCALFE
RAPLEY. married.
GARDENER or Pleasure
in general gardening. Please
The Gardens, Sulhamsteat

Berks.
K' [CHEN GARDENER or SECOND: well

recommended ; life experience: age 32, married
when suited.—J. H. H. 34. 3. Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden. W.C. 2.

glasshouse,
grounds, highly
London district.
5. Tavistock Street,

experienced,

and pleasure
abstainer,

Box 44.

highly recommends H.
one child, as KITCHEN
Grounds. life experience
state wages. H. RAPLEY,
House, near Theale,

Box

G ARDENER requires situation, Kitehen gar-

den and Pleasure Grounds. some Inside. used to
Ateo motor mower, married, small family. well recom-
mended, midlands preferred.—OLIV ER, Vilage, Berkswell,
Near Coventry.

Y ARDENER

Kitchen
age 22»

HARDING,

requires situation,
Garden or Single-Handed. married.

willing to be useful: good references.

Sardegna, Mogador, Tadworth. Surrey.

J MARTIN, Buchan Hill Gardens, Crawley,
የያ. Sussex. will be pleased to recommend YOUNG
MAN, age 21, for Inside and Out: 2 years here; strong
and willing.

LOUNG MAN
consider Pleasure
mower:

298 0ፁ . os

W.C. 2

OURNEYMAN, age 22, weeks situation,
e Inside, fruit or P vood references; bothy
AMA .—Apply WM. BARRIE, tiardener, Colney Hall,
orwich

seeks situation, — Inside,
Grounds: drive Atco motor
a vears' experience: southern counties preferred.
Ox 37, 3. Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,

OURNEYMAN, Inside and Out, 6 years’

experience: age 26; good references. Please state

wages and full particulars; used duty.—HAINES,
12, Capel Hamlet, Lower Road, Chorley Wood, Herts.

OURNEYMAN, age 22, requires situation,

herbaceous borders and pleasure grounds, three
years here.—G. STREETER, Parham Park Gardens,
Pulborough.

1 SHALL be very pleased to recommend a
«trong, Willing. young man as JOURNEYMAN, in
the fruit and plant houses.—W. J. MURPHY, Inwood,

'Femplecombe.

OURNEYMAN, 21, secks situation, Inside,
e under foreman in first-class establishment. 7 vears'
good experience. fruit or plants. good references, disen-
gaged.—H. J. WOOLLEY. Haultway ti House, Sudbury,
Derby.

(ULT U: ATION required
ኦ or IMPROVER, in
FULLER, Lavington Park
fidently recommends a
age 18; bothy preferred.

OURNEYMAN, Inside,
e experience in plant. and. fruit
Foreman. well recommended. — Please
with bothy.—CROUCH, The Gardens,
Banstead, Surrey.
እ፣ R. W.
ፈ Kettering, recommends J.
MAN, Inside, 2 years here.

OURNEYMAN, gardeners son, seeks situa-
e tion, fruit or plant houses, under good foreman:
4 years present situation: age 20: bothy preferred: well
recommended.—A. HEAP, Waresley Lodge. Hartlebury,
Kidderminste r.

N R. A. J. CAMM, The -

iV . troyde. Padiham. Burnley, wishes to recommend
H. BRYAN as SECOND JOU RNE YMAN, Inside., in
good establishment, age 22, ን years’ experience, 2 years
here, conscientious and energetie.— Apply as above.

as JOURNEYMAN,

good — establishment.—MR.
(arden. Petworth, con-
Strong Youth, as above,

age 19, 4 years’
houses — under
State wages,
Wunstead. Wood,

LLOYD, Rushton Hall Garde ns,
BROOKS as JOURNEY-
age 23. bothy preferred.

— ጨጨ ዴመፎ

Gardens, Hun-

OL. The Hon. GEO. HERBERT wishes
to recommend YOUNG ain : fap teh * us

JOURNEYMAN, Inside. grid.

DENER, Knoyle House, sbury.
JOURNEYMAN, seek.
age 21; 5 years’ experience:

MPROVER, or
bothy.—C. SHAW, 407, Coventry

situation, Inside:
excellent references :
Road, Birmingham.

MPROVER, 181, Inside and Out; 4 years'
experience. chiefly outside; bothy; well recom-
meuded.— R. SKINNER, Grateley, Andover, Hants.

MPROVER seek! © situation,

Inside and Out. age 20, 6 years experience ; near

London or Eastern Counties. bothy preferred.—A pply
R. COLLETT. The Gardens Garnons, Hereford.

[ MPROVER, | nge | 194. Inside and Out.
J. Voss can with confidence recommend J. BUNCE.
williug and obliging; three years here; bothy.—Kedleston

Inside, or

Hall, Derby.

MPROVER, age 171. 2 years! experience,
Eo good references, bothy preferred.—W. GRISTWOOD.
Rose Cottage. Hagley Road, Stourbridge.

YOUTH seeks situation as IMPROVER,

Kitchen Garden and Pleasure Grounds, 5 years
present situation, strong and willing, age 19. — 6.
EDWARDS. High Hatton Hall, Stanton, Shrewsbury.
M*, EVENS vean highly recommend

DARTNELL. age 19, Kitchen Garden and
Pleasure Grounds. three years’ experience, — Apply

E. EVENS. Woodside. Graffham. Petworth. Sussex,

ADY GARDENER, certificated and e

rienced, Inside and Out, private or market, under

stands poultry and bees, excellent refs.; widow;
cottage desired.—TIMMS, 2, Clarendon Villas, Wid-
combe, Bath.
TRADE.
URSERY MANAGER desires situation ;

thorough practical knowledge of the production
of first-grade plants in quantity; 20 years’ experi-
ence. methodical, good controller of labour, young
and energetic: able to take full control of nursery.—
HORTUS, Rox 2» 9, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2

DVERTISER, age 46, seeks situation as

MANAGER or FOREMAN-GROWER In the
trade. 15 wears last place as manager. life experience,
Peaches. Grapes, “Rooms, Arums and general ር. g.
produce. well-known to best, Covent Garden salesmen 88
a good grower and packer of above, steam soil sterilization,
heating. ete. on modern lines ከ speciality, good refs.—
Address GU YOTT, Wilton Gardens, Salisbury.

F

ROWER, for many years holding respon-
- sible position in large establishment seeks
engagement: accustomed to producing in quantity
Grapes Cucumbers. Carnations, Chrysanthemums ;
knowledge of glasshouse erecting and markets:
could start new business.—J. E. PETERS, s, Jesse
Terrace, Reading, Perks.

N ANAGING FOREMAN,
A grower Toms, Cues..

stuffs in large quantities. market produce, indoor and
outdoor crops; good reference; single; state wages.—
WOOD co Mrs. Patchett, Golf Cottage, Surtleet. Lines.

NOREMAN, Nursery ፡ life
. Chrysanths., bulbs. — bedding
speciality: general cut. flowers ;
recommended.—FERNS, st.
Hill. Streatham

by practical
Chrysanths.. Arums, cut

experience vines,
stuff ; Tomatoes
Inside or Out:
Michael's Nursery, Park
Common, N.W.

NOREMAN in a
and Rose Nursery; | experienced. in Budding
Grafting: American and English experience in
production of ó high-class stocks.—E. POOLE,
4. Khartoum Terrace, Ditton. near Maidstone, Kent.

DVERTISER, age 36,
yi situation as FOREMAN
life experience, London and
Chrysunts. soft wood, pot and bedding plants.
alpines and herbaceous; wood propagator. excellent.
references.—For particulars apply. W. €. 8.. Box
23, 3, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden; W.C. 2.

ORKING FORE MAN, Cucumbers,
Tomatoes. Chrysanths... Heather: also soft-
wooded bedding plants; 18 years’ experience; age 35.—
i — Ss. Box 29, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden.

ዛ ROWER of Ferns, Cucumbers, —
A Tomatoes. , Bedding Plants; single; ears'

hardy Tree, Shrub,

seeks
(Charge).

married,
GROWER
provincial. Cues.g Toms..

experience; age 48.—BAKER, 3, Loras 210566. Sitting.
bourne, Kent.

LOHRIST. experienced) maker-up and fur-

nisher. decorator. capable to act. first; hand, seeks

situation.—S. M. G. Box 46, 5, Tavistock street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

TUL

1 በቸ

ror ነ

XN 311.

ጠመው ——— — — n y . m ee:

W. RICHA

HORTICULTURAL BUILDERS.

bie

HEATING ENGINEERS,

DARLINGTON. | 4

LONDON OFFICE?

M Aiburt Maneinna, ——— BAW. 1. á

We: fivite : enquiries: fon

FOSTER & PEARSON,

-—
=:
—

Conservarines,
Growin thossx fully equipped;

v Henrasvataite ex ሄሪጃ/ fo inke Particulars,’
2M esi Value ar Laweet ይኗ፻5-.

n Catalogues, Pians & Rwtimatze Eres, on

— መሙ

ay. Se — —— UIS Mac cas nd Y — VC. E auti cR HORE ^ er CIC TEN:
` = p ስን

SHE EC G 4 RDEXERR- 2 or CH RONICLE:,:

“መ መ ጭው 9 — — — m—À& ) VS aa ree

1”ሟ 35

WOOD LATH ፪ዬ፤፳ጅኔ ac fits mk ፡
— and | በበና donee —

Makon [13

— — .:ኀ፡-.

THE FIME

TO -CONSIDER
| REPAIRING AND
1. RERPAINTING. YOUR
GLASSHOUStS Etc,
‹ Wis keen spacial

statis of
erit riced men
oc this work, .

‘wenuine

P . ^de,

“Have been. building - Greenhouses

Veo, GARDEN SEATS
fro stocks c

ፅሄዊ ewunranfeon

white mad
ዉፍ። cuüsm-

Gs eia eie yon ef Host
ነ — —

SR EDU UK ecc Lov DUE
GARDEN FRAMES:
erii y eoslucttteio nt acond natera

*sar(rpllo viret) s» ሂስ &poek .

LIMITED,
BEESTON, NOTTS.

from 1841

ta

1925, a record m. 84 years of sownd. constriction.

GOOD Greenhouses last—others . do. not.
The ROBIN HOOD BOILER

reduces the fuel bill and saves labour.
Estimates. on application. Free,

o ላቱ pel
on » A ኮነ

i

— ው ..

፡ 1:66 ) mothe: RHS. and aiher Gardens:
Win (met መ thet Heatitg prapotiniy seu. ጾ

Mis iS A-H NORRIS,

pee tot "EYED PERO

Horse. Shoes gst appreriation Frou ፦-

Mav 7ሠ፥6 aspe
CTRAVERSTON New acs, TIPPERARY, ©

he 4.NNever. worked such. a sutishactory . aud

የ«ዕነ(ከ481/ነርል] Heat: Apparauys ASUT Fere —

E Have twó, "Ce. “Beating ge LINER Y: xod aue ሕ.

; ifia AQT TOCA rant dp uhuot 16 yrs ARDY, “ንፉ. *
im 21 ie ftd fanshbtd the Lire ges Aud we obi d 47
ሃክ desides what gavesAWAN,, AU: 485415 Paisai
v. AERA RE AEK Aver Hoer "(5 ኒከነኣ. ኔር tbe, My
:::-- gardeni sett tes vb nre ibo. FAT rte 550 ኋት Pe.

—* Gey no) diatom b Hey

] eie ካ Gries as. ተ e Bod’ $ st Geo m k

: AM next ‹ሂአ።ዓ! Re "a

And eer od h “ላ በዩ
fim -. ህመ

Our: Booklet: ድ= ሠ the’ Aost ር Your Greenhouse, 45. fros on. የፀና ኤሪሃ.

0835. ኮ. ዘዘዘዩዚ & 00, LTO., 55. 854, SOUTHWARK ST., ri SE r

— TO
Aa oe z
De o 2d —— * UA. UT

s
መኳ ይዳል

Mant ret má

SO 3 ጅን» ድሪ.

MA as qa es በውም“.

me

Os UE E — 3 AS
Hian Apparat qned i ny pae? of the county f: ።

| j 1955. ^

ጅ

A — ገ ቸቸ ፍጻ ዱሓ ሓና E ስ ከ Setter ESI
ዘሀበ — DEERE EAE STG
THE SILVER -MEDAL :

HORSE SHOE BOILER |

ቀ

-

OHNO HOOKAH

f+

RE imeem i

ed NIE x

IL dead & ke 2

LS ^ ` , — —

=. ጩ v

x
it
ኬኩ |

5.ህ TE TA

T ihe 4 hoe. Honores ዒላ
t Tues wes XL a. Bket moque tie the

Bat 401. OC wp Xue

P J — piati 1: di bie vest vei Hare 5 t WEE

WES. 2 a
nrthb rep TEA

Werks *

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x vur item lap hg An aur

Ce Fee: 2 Loy
wil dus is}

y
— —

A TE Ab Fours 65. da. 3666 8869. — X ር. 4, paid, — EE is pede pnis ipsias ; 89:5.

Covent 6666. ነ AN s ——— Mana 34

—— — f

ሊ/
ከ

Ká

Se Tae

DEC dat ር

Vn

hee

xi —— KONS —
— , - ~ >
..” FRSE AAEE RRIA AAR AAAA (et ዳ ዳዕ፡ 4

% ጋ —

— —

No b. 1995. Vou LXXVII

| SUBSCRIPTIONS land: or Forse € par annm; post — —
|". — ኣዬ — Covent — W £ 2.

WHITE: FLY | gta)

pue. — or: tornato ; growing. 38. P UN.
. mtár& A err start 15. ከት ዳል
Big growers heef down | whit ally right '
hrst, with. 82 ABL White-Fly
8:4. besë: —— to ወደ
5664138068 or etae

from:

"i at all. ———

| ዘርፎ FLY VAPOUR,

| s H. RICHARDS. rep
ጆሬ. [ዝክ 899. uen. Tondon.. 8". ic

ALDWELL'S TESTED. XXE
a ና ed LEUTE
ae sent ite ርኩ Tp HAN አርጋ > Pina — write

Eu

፡ eom. to CALDW
im .፡‹‹‹ጠመዉ —

i JERPETUAL FLOWERING ES AEN (ATIONS
ee eke certs peak. Mors d 4, ለ8
በህር Walden, Essex ase

P ^ y * E
dede ው ው ር ee Aree — at “ሠ n - “ግስም MÀ 5

AME (T ATERER'S did Metal Rhodedendrons, -
rain 880: 'ቪርመጸ ‘tare Tardy Kiroba, Fruit -
Trees, ፻0፡፳819ኳ -eten Alpine. and Perennial | "Planta;
Vegetable and Elower Reda, Soo viram. Seed Potatoes.
By 1ሮ | free = Ons WATREEE, MING ፳. CRISE,
| dn ED, Dey 86: ——— SRY and

ndo: SS BUR
t ee ኣ ላ A
M - ----.

CEEGETABLE.

— —

pus E AND, 808 264 Vel.
sel or 1 Rated :፤
growth. 480 the test ego Sed Potatoes, iis

፻፳ B HARDY PERENNIALS, | ra
Rock: Biante EIR — 55* Ond | ፡

32651 Ja oc Ur aha planing. COSI BRAS BRILLIANT — nar
— — —— to Hower’, thie May. and: Me ;Splendid
ንክ 8158). GLADIOLL DAHLIAS, | or ,mut- Bowery 0 EOS,
‘Canna, ቱ — ::: ApeOnaS, ENGLISH PRODUCTS ONLY Owr price. በአቅድ eS
xridim&. c; for Briag ከቡ. Tevishd. We givs no. ፻፡0407.- CATS., Tut wi
— e miter. will ogive : ቁር ገዝ” value: to Hardy - “plants: which

tenth
du yt BONS, King.

| p entjon ?
: 2665 £o, Pd Balaton

v: ^ M - AA

ATHS BELECT. REEDS AND. ውች እጽ:
» — fhuitrhted Catalogue dt choice ይክ
| E ፈታ desir aud Plants: [8 now: rendy Md 5811
Pb rot gem nn Mini pU ME AO
226. ori V reu Y ህይት veh.
GACOUTOH.GHOWN. EBD. POTATOES, alts
- RI ge beet: inimuns variitiea, new season's: price: ከክኒ
ow frait, early enquiries: Sousa. — 9. የመ |
€, aawo Street, Gasow ;- : T

EOS: SELLS CLEMATIS ce alt * ed
Tisana - ሃ“ቤ፻18(1፳8.- Catalogues Mater i
I$ 4s Re BELL, DEA ‘Bichon ? Namera 1 — ;
SSO os

x E

pert. Covent orden, Tondon, |

** * P
M, ^ *

J —

ini Gnid ደ
frre to. አህ Fandor
ansie " anms. —— |

OBBIE 8.
338. par, ae. ———

"P pate

- DRGHID |
me Aes, 1.

ERO F (GROW ERS,

— Y

apoim--fhe ackntw- ||: ነ
11 ይክህቨጸበኝ ani

<< aol end ‘subsoil ta locity "and. aitfrudé-
ELLO ee BONS, ከመጠ "amd p

Ek: Gude: and Price Akt '9፻. the House

—

— —

iA ርክ
—— | ፡ $
- WINS UNCIAS MOV —
` Nap 29 osi Bs ee ER. Petey
~ We 14

ውጋው መመመ

NE TOR. A SEASON. "UT FOR. YEARS.
You wonld wake your TERE to fast 16 |
better the langer. 12: 18 down.»
apres provide 3. friable soh, giving: At Just that
ait that. will lia apy
tte ሕር(151:7:: AH
‘promote’ Tree:

rooting. and an ‘abundant,

;permanentty::

Ly
fa

86. chafzcterist]les “of every. grass: adul

—tacthalp field. Hight 8ህ to phe extensive“
dis several, widely a fierent. and ax.

tur? fonmations. The GMASSESR are- puis
-theft mascelation: with tech pihet their- nitabtülte tx.

: hands. wiih- you: 18 the: tagking:

Gast, not Tcr i: season-high:
: needs, and we 811) quote “you.

Seeds,

IOKSON & ROBINSON, MANCHESTER, 8 ፡
| de Nomie: LEM

TURE: ^ now ready. The

df:
ta 8ከ. —

Pree: prowpective

eg akon F
Now ia the ከ68 tos lanto H i
— a COLOUR DORRERA . one ከለክክነ |
PER ENNIALSS ሐ. apetiti booklet by (he prighamor.

zt folent Border dies ኒ=. pstapaotive. dedistoimerá.

EUNATE - GORGEOUS. —

ALA DIGI? dad ፻ከ6- :::8ዜ/ክ፻ጸየርብ new LAN

UR RHN "Aree OARS "fov planting: AMAT: Dow. 480: *

— E NA -8፡90878፤6- price diat. nt. Mec
2. Wow i the tpe bi- plaut.

owl grow, thr Drest, newest. ይደቸልያ sorte,

at duod arate. “prices.

Writs. now. A
Yerenniels

OORRLIWAY E: BON.

the: render. Howse:

SANBPORT, SOMERSET.

IS

8180 be Bei post frer-on- request, \
ee EN Nireremen, BEDFORD.

<== — — — — — — — —

ze A i

(DAM BIA’ TOT. ROOTS

pon starting oe fs Peri pwc >
-Parouy,- ‘Callerptte;,

“Tubluiling - Stars; pencentive, -
— "Bingies; - 8ከሮቻ 888. AMgnow- —— 5
|APECIAL: OETER from = ፡ዩጀከዩድ. DE the |
መረ LE 093... ን dor. esa. wit ren

F; OEREALS dk SONS... DU.

oM

heoome:
Wow. drain: with.

CELWAYS MANUAL OF 808883.
-Hardy 948168)

aud.

ETON" S3 NEW SRED CATALOGUE, DONE p
talang NoveMim Tor 1925. New Pea- Hemd (0:
Champion’ Y and “fastens” Progress.” post free an sppli- i
cation. Frist Tree Catalogune and Cnliural Hints, ርሰኩ F 2

“Above,” oit uA. WE

Hw Tin Ki
1 5 Binge
RNI:

Pale, i

Pm Rarer: Do ur) VIN

cnn Rand, Londan” ን ተ ክነ

TETRA se RG ም m

piy receive the ktd encourage If
—— the Utlv seedling; alts ^
he is 47
VERNA. ADT. aitimatel y establish - the graseda wuh-
Wa, as SPECIALIJATA |
der: —— in alk the GHASKES: "do. Uwe pest. ጓኛ። |!
cott uy MIATURES የ606) an intimate kti- .

. erp dn tiit Imes, and -adapration io ehh s 000
peculiar purpose, and the subsequent work end wear
v “to Which they wili have to fespond—from the hin >
cc caomple and ornamental, the croquet, lawn, the fards-
— ae = worked tents. court and - bowling green; ihe harket |
cp worked cricket, pitch. the riüghest. naed Of athe}:
n amp
TUA OT. x
eredi 48- RANT

Se: 4911 = = * ES
Ga TORE that wi

or eame Fell: zit ያር EX

= tbertiliterss

di “ቁ. ti d ;
nh St

ነኣቢና:፡.
for: ከ] £d

129. Any nidro ae —
for ክክ X Ue

— ——

— STS ——À
Ts j 2

E Peratini
— ‘Het; or if — for RUSET e 81316. uyeagec -
< [ርኛ absite-

gm 8 በ ር

ም አ SE; ; — ከ a
— — - Te. ~ —
“ty a

| Canservstoriea: Winter - —
| Portale. Butidtngs. Ss ee

^ PLA t

| —

E ——

UTERE. “aman 4:88፡865ኳ.

Acer

Aiat AE QUARC

.Henryi.

PREE 6. .

"qose FREE 76...
ሳያር ae አ ብርደ qua matter. E e

E ን del 1843. xn =:

^ MS. — — መ ባባ ምሕ መሞ ግ ፡

| BEAL TIFUL uc
ANNUALS © x —
UI BROOM. = —

SUTTON 5 ፡

Bre eur "Announcement 98 pas ግራ

— —*

‘SUTTON & x 5085, The Kings i

ful

ATTHE IWS S: BIG PRODUCTION ~
“MANY RES. = Potato; Corpo Tortate, and lawn -
sülpliate «፤ = Apimenla, - dütrate. or
&uperplicapliáte, bise Aid. erus PAPAL

gusto. - ዜ8(6ሂ —— ።
‘Thousands: በ፻ tons. ር. ።ብጸ88ቨ5፡ -፡ Write dort. —
loweat carrbige

uth -፤ i ae
5:31, — da MES.

— ;ሀ80፡- a

82. MATT

BENE, xps

4. - 9ሮኛዛ648 TOOKER.- AND — * *
18. “Rawene Rond, South Tottenham: N ISo
berie, IN PACA HORN. ibis

COPY at. LAWNS AND D THEIR UP.
KEREP”! torwarded. free on Aupliostiog x AMEN S

2

፡ MACDONALD, Quat Specie, —

OF. CHRYSAN- —

Ü EC

a now reniy. :
: tree 8 Smeaton MN. WELLS 4 Os, Minan. e —

Surrey. -- :

— NEW ILLU T
1. በ3605 po GUIDE and CATALOGUE. tor
2 ia K NOW REA DY sinc ay wR be Aen post. dee

d opel
CA Bb: &t. oüre to.

| < FIDLER. — SONS; > sn
864 — 8664 ‘Stores, eani a

AXAN

| “HARDY. PHIOXES. OX QUU
AN all (e new and most. brilliant ጨመ
“of calur.. qst now teady. E: ነ;
BUNK. E SONS, “Otten, ‘Warwickshire.

festa Flos

MS (A
4 $ 1 ዳ

CHRYSANTHENUMS -— De

(AHOICE. — |
Sur Catulogus: of Kr variaties including. —

pr —
Borritiss forc 1026 (ie: cholee. Pelargoehóng . --
j ኣክ vic. 18 የሰ Fealy x —*

Post free dd p
ROE &- Sie am rood 8 Vreetbosoogi. ma

ar

ACKENZTÉ- We: MONCUE,. LIMITED, 8
“Pathar Thiliders. agudo “Heating: Tuginoris; Lote ...
-Edlohurgh. - and: Blasgow: By- Xp opolotine at W

“Bohdan. — and eat ione.

———
Most "mesh .. '-
patih ' ሽክ...

“tthe

8. - THE GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE.

Manca 21, 1926.

SALES BY AUCTION.

Wedgesday Next, March 25th,

IMPORTANT TRADE SALE OF
Spring and Summer-flowering Bulbs,
Including Cases of GLADIOLUS, EARLY and
LATE - FLOWERING; DOUBLE and SINGLE
BEGONIAS, GLOXINIAS, HARDY JAPANESE LILIES
in variety, SPIRAEAS, LILY -OF -THE - VALLEY,
DELPHINIUMS, PAEONIES, ANEMONES, etc.,

Roees, Herbaceous Plants, and Fruit Trees, etc.
Together with consignments of
BAY TREES, PALMS, ASPIDISTRAS,
RHODODENDRONS, BOX TREES, etc.,
from the Continent.
ESSRS. PROTHEROE & MORRIS,

$ will sell the above at their SALE ROOMS,
67 and 68 CHEAPSIDE, E.C. 2.

Catalogues post free on application.

BUSINESSES FOR SALE.

ESSRS. PROTHEROE & MORRIS,
Horticultural Auctioneers and Valuers, 67 and 68,
Cheapside, London, E.C. 2 (Established over 90 years),
have the following Properties for disposal, and will be
pleased to send fuller particulars on application.

BERKSHIRE.—Small

Nursery, 14 acres with newly
built Residence. Price

including Stock £1,150

NOTTS.—Florist and Fruiterer’s Business in rapidly

wing town. 12-roomed House and Shop. About

-of-an-acre with 4 Greenhouses. Price £1,600. Terms
can be arranged.

HERTFORDSHIRE.—An attractive Fruit and Poult
Farm, 10 acres. Modern double-fronted House. G
outbulldings. High position. £3,500

HEREFORD.—To be Let or Sold, Fruit, Flower and
Vegetable Farm, acres Substantial Residence.
Land well planted with Fruit Trees and Bushes.
Rent £170 per annum. Ingoing £1,150. Price free-
hold £3,100.

LEA VALLEY.—Leasehold Market Nursery. Area 10
‘acres. 16 Greenhouses. Residence, Bungalow, and
Buildings. Price £2,850.

ESSEX.—ln Market Town. 14 miles from Covent

: Garden. 16 large Greenhouses, Cottage and good
Buildings. Price £3,200
LONDON.—Good opportunity for market wer. Lease-

hold Nursery, with 660 feet run of well-built glass, all
ted, office, packing sheds. Large garage let off,
showing a good profit rental and opportunity for
development of garages. Lease 80 years to run. Rent
£60 per annum. Price for buildings and lease £2,500.

CAMBS (Wisbech area).—Freehold Orchard 38} acres
comprising 244 acres Apples and soft fruit, 9
arable, 5 pasture, or would be divided into three
convenient lots. each with Dwelling House. Price
for whole, including all Crops, £4,300 or offer.

SURREY.—An old-established Nursery Business situate
within 14 miles of a large Residential Town,
comprising about 600 feet run of Greenhouses,
mostly heated. Good brick-built Shop fronting
Main Road, Bungalow and four Cottages. Total
area of the Property is about 10 acres. in two
sections. One section is planted with about 300
Fruit Trees, all in full bearing. Price Frechold
£4,500 or offer.

re — Á—— À —

P Desirous of Buying or Selling a
Nursery, Market Garden, Florists’ or Fruiterers’
Business should communicate with AUBREY & CO.
96, Newgate Street, London, E.C. 1.

UBREY & CO. offer Freehold Nursery

with Retail Shop and Dwelling House in impor-

tant Town Devon. About an acre, walled in with 4

glasshouses, pits, 160 fruit trees, &c.
increasing. ce complete £1,300.

Good retail trade

OR SALE, a valuable, old-established
Freehold Nursery, In busy West of England market.
town, comprising nearly 6 acres of land, 6 Glasshouses
{approximately 7,000 super feet), including 2 recently
bullt and separately heated, 2 ranges of brick built Cold
Frames, Shop, Office, Packing Room, Store Sheds, etc.
There is a good supply of well water, and in addition
the town water and gas are laid on.
The business has been established a century and affords
a splendid investment.
he proprietor is desirous of disposing of the whole
as a going concern for private reasons.
Price £4,000 complete, or at an agreed valuation.
Apply Q. W. R, Box 24, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

PLENDID OPPORTUNITY. — Nursery,
Manchester; 300 feet glass, heated; 1,200 yards
land, Outbuildings, well stocked, ferns, bedding plants,
jobbing connections, poultry; £450; rent £16 5s.—
Ton Box 52, . 9. Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,

ር NURSERY, pretty part of
Hants, and within easy reach of two important
towns; eleven heated glasshouses (500 feet run);
44 acres cultivated land, good water supply, good
house, outbuildings: very profitable concern; specially
adapted for growing winter Sweet Peas; owner
retiring —SCAMMELL & SMITH, Land Agents, East-
leigh, Hants.

PROPERTY TO LET.

O LET at a low rental, private Gardens,
with extensive modern glass, adapted for
market work and all planted ; valuable local con-
nection ; good dwelling house. — Particulars from
. G. F., Box 55, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

BUSINESS CARD.

AMES BACKHOUSE, F.L.S., ፻.ጅ.፲1.8,,

for many years Chairman of the late firm of James
Backhouse and Son, Limited, having retired from York,
offers his services as GARDEN CONSULTANT; 30 years’
experience, specially in connection with Alpine and
Herbaceous Plants: advice given for Rock Garden
construction and planting, also for rmanent flower
borders, boundary plantations, eto.—Address for terms to
Caer Fegla, Arthog, North Wales.

NOTICE.

— ————— — — — — — — ው - — — 25 .

AVE YOU PROVIDED? See United
Horticultural Benefit and Provident Society's
Advertisement on Page xil.

TENDER.

IN LIQUIDATION.
THE CYRIL HALL NURSERIES LTD.,

SOUTHBOURNE, BOURNEMOUTH.
Established 1921.

FYENDERS are invited for the purchase of

this business for disposal as a going concern.

Ful particulars from the Liquidator, LESLIE D.
MALPAS, 52, Old Christchurch Road, Bournemouth.

34 acres of well kept general nursery stock in
excellent condition. |

First-class growing distriot.

EXHIBITIONS.

British Carnation Society, Spring Show.
ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY’S HALL
Thursday, March 26th, 1925, 12 noon to 5 p.m.
ANNUAL DINNER, Tuesday, May 5th.

P. F. BUNYARD, Hon Sec
57, Kidderminster Road, Croydon.

"£1 155.;

RECORD THE DATES— Organisers
THE EVENTS ARE GREAT. kindly note.

BOURNEMOUTH.

First rate attractions under the auspices of the
Bournemouth Fétes, Sports and Entertainments
Committee.

Tuesday & Wednesday, JUNE 30th & JULY 1st.
MEYRICK PARK

HUGE FLORAL FETE

Competitions open to all England.
Magnificent Challenge Cups (value approxi-
mating 400 guineas), and Prizes.
Schedules and other particulars obtainable from- -
R. CHAMBERLAIN, F.R.H.S.
(Chairman, Bournemouth Horticultural Society),
and E. S. ROSEVEAR, Hon. Secretary.
OTHER EVENTS INCLUDE:
Competitive Horse Jumping, Dog Show, Poultry,
Pigeon and Rabbit Show, Gymnastic Display,
Athletic Sports (A.A.A. laws), Decorated Motor

Cars, Dancing, Military Bands, Etc.
Foint Hon. Secs. : 2 n C
Town Hall, Bournemouth.

PLANTS, &c. FOR SALE.

Small Classified Advertisements. Twenty words
(or three lines including headline) 4&8., and 1s.
for every succeeding eight words (or line or part
of a line). Fee for having replies addressed to
this office, 18. Displayed advertisements, 8s.
per inch, or 108. facing editorial matter.

ERNS! CALADIUMS !!—Begonias, Palms,
Crotone, Dracaenas Gloxinias, Hyd eas,
Geraniums, Ericas, Lilies, Ferns and How to Grow

Them, J. E. SMITH,
London Fern Nurseries,

100,000 I^*GE GARDEN FERNS.

3/6 post free.—SMITH,
London, S.W.9.

large A'spidistras for dividing. Catalogues free.—
SMITH, Fernery, London, S.W.9.
DALMS. Phoenix Canariensis, Chamerops

Excelsa, Kentia Forsteriana, Cocos Flexuosa, and
Phoenix Roebeliniil. New price list now out. Also a
quantity of Dracoenas, Indivisa, Veitchil, and Bruanti,
to offer in all sizes. Fine lot of stuff. For price list
apply ROBERT GREEN (1911), LTD., 28, Crawford
Street, London, W.1.

YYPRIPEDIUM INSIGNE.—Offers wanted

for 12 lants in 7-8-inch pots. Also two

Musa Cavendishii in 10-inch pots—C. J. DANN,
The Gardens, Bidborough Court, Bidborough, Kent.

YALANTHES.—W m. Murray, 2 doz.; Veitchii
4 doz., 5 inches, 25/- doz.; offers for lot.—
SNELGROVE, Roundway Park, Devizes, Wilts.

IMALAYAN, Chinese and other Rhodo.

dendrons on their own roots. Shrubs, Alpines,
and border plants, Aquatics, Lilies, etc. Write for
Lista —G. REUTHE, eston, Kent.

YYCLAMEN Seedlings, twice transplanted,
* Special strain. Red, Giant White, per 100,
per 50, £l. Deep and light &salmon-pink.
er 100. £2 10s.: per 50, £1 5s.—HEATHAM HOUSE
URSERY, Twickenham. Middlesex.

(1 EIUS CUm and Denmark, 25/-
100; Salvia Zurich, 14/- 100: Heliotrope Lord
Roberts and Nightingale, 14/- 100. Fuchsias.—Rolla,
Scarcity, Port Arthur, Amy Lye, Pink Ballet Girl,
Princess Dallet, Jack French, Rose of Castile, 16/-
100. Carriage palid for cash—MILLICAN, Kinson,
Bournemouth.

ግ

ERPETUAL CARNATIONS.—Well-rooted.

all named varieties, free from rust; strong
lants, 30'- per 100. c.w.o—HEAD GARDENER,
averingland all, Norwich.

J AVENDER PLANTS in variety, 17/6 100,
4 sample doz., 39; carriage paid —CHILVERS ፈፎ
SON, Hunstanton.

Manen 21. 95 . =. cmm GARDEN vans t CHRONICLE. |

> peg PRUNUS. #8 ለ810. 56:34: dts

ሚን ርር ታል Har ይሄ — #7, ቋፍ V. ን : Simon 44.

ን ር €: ^ie Mapa ius es we —
Sat 658810 ኗ Sox. ighgéte; Xe

— poe ey WO A ላህ» ink 865086. for: dudes.
CNGLISHO OCYEWS. AY, o am $8: der od

^C -BAmebtAE inWis Sand e Wire works “oF: avery
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RARE SPECIMEN CONIFEHS

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ABSOLUTELY WEATHER! RDOF.

— NA ርየ ቦኮ prices:
Bardy Perpetual Border Carnations

fi pints, Vis ciet varieties: ORS

1? 5 yi Usa ? T G wae : — Mi

ALLWGODH ዘዘ Carnation Half

& lants PENEN, A 41168. ምላ | à -—

<> HE tr ieee es ies Ri ex ሟ

x——— dus —
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— ue as fia, Bj» 10/- and 15/- per boite. or
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$a 3:52 ዎ

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54. a 4 per d t dotan S 1 1

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THE. NEW. LIGHT WEIGHT. /SIDE-WHEEL -

"PENNSYLVANIA" MO ገር wen |

eis GET CONG. WIDTH 27 MNOHES:
The Easiest and most —
: Economical ‘Machine ቂጫ
3 fer Public | Parks ፻ NC
- i Sports. (rounds, - ——
| “Cricket Fields, Temi - 2 tt ud
መመ ee — ae ሻሽ a |

| 3 vei 2 ከ hraet Saan $

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what the tress ta |

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de nd d Saban — fe

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ከሠጠ erp uctive--. 3

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MARUI: E

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Marcu 91. 1925.

Gardeners’ | Chronicle

No. 1995—SATURDAY, MARCH 21, 1925.

CONTENTS.

Alpine Garden— Orchid notes and glean-

Androsace Chumbyi 190 ings—
Cassiope tetragona ... 200 Hybrid Cymbidiums 198
Pentstemon David- Plants, desert ... ... 194
sonii ... sas ..200 Plants new or, note-
Books, notices of— worthy—

Moderne Probleme im A new species of Xero-

Gartenbau e. 208 nema ... dd ao 197
The Four Gardens ... 205 Streptanthus obtusi- |
Bristol Floral Fete — ... 194 folius ... . 185

Bulb Garden— Plants ot Palestine.

Hyacinthus azureus... 19» familiar... aoe ... 208
Crop yield e ... 0193 Potato-breeding... e 207
Cultural memoranda ... 199 Red spider, American
Curry. Mr. Edward ... 194 cure for... US ... 194
Foliage, spring ... 202 Royal Gardeners’ Or-

Foreign correspondence 205 . 194
Fruit garden, the hardy 205

Fruit-growing in Scot-

phan Fund

Societies— i |
Glasgow and West ot

land .. ... ... 13 Seotle orticul-
Fruit - marketing and | ——— T n 209

distribution n 198 Manchester and:North
Fruit register- * of England Orchid... 209

Dessert Apples — ... 205 — Reading and District

Local Plums ... ም 207 Gardeners’... ... 209
*‹ Gardeners’ Chronicle I Roval Caledonian

seventy-five years ago 39) Horticultural ... 210
Glasnevin, notes from 200 Spalding Bulb Growers 209
Indoor plants— ከር anit

Cannas ... = ..198 Table quality in judging 202

Carnation Baroness de Trees and shrubs—

Brienen is ... 198 Flowering trees and

Clivias |... sid ... 198 shrubs at Wisley ... 203
Iris garden— Juglans cathayensis 203

Iris Japonica ... ... 199 Prunus Pissardii — ... 204

Hermodact ylus tuber- Sciadopitys — verticil-

osuus ... — ... 199 1611. ... * S. 203
Lectures at Chiswick, Vegetable garden—
horticultural ... ... 493 . Asparagus .. ... 20R
Melons in unheated pits 206 Brussels Sprouts — ... 208
National Carnation and | Water garden—

Picotee Societ y ... 104 Mimulus luteus ... 199
National Dahlia Society 194 Week's work. the ... 196
Obituary— Welsh garden, notes

Baines, Marianne .., 210 from a 201

Willows, a selection of R

Carter Page, Geoffrey 210
.. 210 American 552 ... 204

Smith, W. C. e .

ILLUSTRATIONS.
Androsace Chumbyi .. F T — "T .. 109
Apple Radford Beauty iss x s uro cu 20€
Curry, Mr. Edward, portrait of ... ies ius e. 10
Freesia Wistaria ssi — sae UN 2 . 199
Juglans cathayensis, fruits of i — sus ... 203
Melon Hero of Lockinge F ae we — .. 206
Prunus dehiscens d — a ንች .. 00, 201
Streptanthus obtusifolius — ... .. Wd. ees. ረው 197

SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE.
Acer Henryi.

| .ሥ--ጨ---ሓ፡ከ፡፡፡ጩ፡፡፡ጠፍ፡፡ዘ፡፡ጩ› — — — —— — ——
— — — — — — eee

AVERAGE MEAN TEMPERATURE for the ensuing week
deduced from observations during the last fifty
yefirs at Greenwich, 43°°0

ACTUAL TEMPERATURE—

The Gardeners’ Chronicle Office, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, London, Wednesday, March 18,
10 a.m. Bar. 30°6, temp. 44". Weather, Bright.

AmMonG the many subjects
discussed at the Imperial
Botanical Congress held in
London last year none is of more general
interest than that of the physiology of
crop yield.* So variable are the factors
which affect plant growth that even the
plant physiologist who is not required to
make financial profit from his experimental
cultivations has not yet discovered what
are the perfect conditions for any single
cultivated plant. It would indeed be idle
to expect that he should ; all that may be
hoped is that the physiologist may gradually
discover how each several factor—light, tem-
perature, moisture, and the like—affects the
vital processes of the plant. It is along these
lines that, as the report shows, progress is
being made. The chairman of the Plant
Physiology section, Dr. F. F. Blackman, has
already made valuable contributions to this
subject by demonstrating that any one of the
factors which normally influence growth may,
at one time or another, have a limiting effect.

— — — — — — —

* Imperial Botanical Conference. Report of Proceedings.
Edited by F. T. Brooks. Cambridge University Press,
1925. Price 15/- net.

Crop Yield.

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

Give a plant increasing supplies of water and
up to a certain point---which naturally varies
with the kind of plant —the rate of growth
increases. Beyond that point it does not.
The reason why growth does not progressively
increase is in this case simple; some other
factor essential for growth is brought into
play ; temperature for example. With water
available to a plant growing under a certain
congenial temperature absorption goes on
with increasing rapidity, but inasmuch as
temperature has something to say as to the
rate at which water is absorbed there must
come a moment when the plant at a given
temperature is taking up all the water it can.
That point passed the addition of more water
results in no increase in the rate of growth.
If, however, the temperature of the plant be
raised the plant's water-absorbing capacity
is, or may be, increased, and more water is
absorbed. This is but a crude illustration
of the operation of a limiting factor, but it
is worth stating inasmuch as neglect to
observe the operation of the principle may
lead experimenters, and indeed practical
growers, to serious error. Experiments
carried out by Dr. Gregory on the rate of
growth of Cucumbers under controlled con-
ditions of light and temperature provide a
better illustration. Cultivated in artificial
light, of intensity about that of average winter
sunlight, growth increases as the temperature
rises, but reaches an optimum at 77° F. At
higher temperatures—in these conditions of
illumination—-the rate of growth not only does
not increase, but actually falls off. Only if
the light intensity be raised is the plant able
to make use of the opportunity for more rapid
growth provided by higher temperatures.
Here surely is a fact to which those who
cultivate under glass cannot give too much
attention. Forcing is a subtle process, and
as those who practice it know, requires much
experience. It is easy to waste fire heat
and it is no less certain that any heat given
in winter in excess of what the plant can
do with is productive of no good, but of
some, and it may be much, harm. So also
there is a moral here for the gardener im-
patient to sow seeds. After the wet winter,
with sodden ground, he will do far better to
wait awhile and work off his impatiences by
thorough surface cultivation than to hurry
his seeds to their graves in the unkindly cold
and wet ground. By resorting to expedients,
such for example as covering the seed beds
with paper to hasten germination, he will
do far better by deferring seed-sowing than
had he given way to his natural desire to
get things going in the garden by sowing
before the ground is ready for the seeds. How
baffling are the effects of external conditions
on growth is shown by Prof. V. H. Blackman’s
careful experiments on the effects of electrical
discharge on the development of plants. The
many experiments made in the open on
growing crops demonstrated two things ;
one, that a beneficial effect is often obtained ;
the other, that exact knowledge is necessary
before anyone can be advised t» embark on
a large scale of ‘‘ electro-culture.” Working
under laboratory conditions Blackman has
shown that whereas currents of relatively
low intensity (10-9 amp.) are effective in
increasing the vield of dry weight and grain
of Barley and Maize, currents of higher
intensity (10-7 amp.) are injurious. No less
interesting is the observation that stimulation
by a current of appropriate strength is followed
by a beneficent after-effect. When the current
is cut off, the plant previously subjected to
it maintains for so long as five hours its
rate of growth-- it may be so much as fifteen

` Committee.

193

per cent. above normal rate. The after-
effect is, in fact, greater than the direct
effect, and is greater with a short period
than with a long period of exposure to the
discharge. Wherefore it would seem that
the horticulturist of the future may see a
travelling electrical plant peregrinating among
the fields, stimulating the voung crops and
moving on to the next field to speed up
growth there also, and so on over the whole
countryside.

Our Supplementary Plate.—Acer Henryi was
discovered by Prof. Henry in central China,
and was introduced by Mr. E. H. Wilson in
1903, when he was collecting for Messrs.
James Veitch and Sons. It is a distinct
species which may become a tree thirty feet
high. It is well furnished with leaves com-
posed of three leaflets, these differing from
those of other tri-foliate Maples in having
entire margins to the leaflets; it also possesses
stalkless flowers. The flowers themselves are
borne in slender, downy spikes and are
produced in May. They are followed ከሃ
handsome fruits which are red when young
and borne in racemes six to nine inches
long. Our supplementary illustration shows a
fruiting branch.

Scottish Sweet Pea Trials.—With the intro-
ductions from Messrs. Dobbie and Co., Marks
Tey; Messrs. E. W. King and Co., Coggeshall ;
Messrs. Torrance and Hopkins, Busby, and
Mr. E. W. Mackay, Sussex, the entries for
the Scottish Sweet Pea trials at Helensburgh

have now been closed. The varieties represented

number sixty-two, and as eighteen plants of
each are being grown the total of 1,116
plants exceeds expectations and has fully
occupied the space at the disposal of the
A number of growers, including
WwW. J. Unwin, have intimated ‘their
of patronising the trials more
The trials will be

Mr.
intention
extensively next year.
judged in July. l

Fruit Marketing and Distribution. -- The
series of investigations 'recently set on foot
by the Ministry of Agriculture into the
marketing of home-grown produce has now
been extended to cover the marketing and
distribution of home-grown and imported
fruits. The investigations into fruit-marketing
will be of an exhaustive character; and
every effort will be made to secure, full
and accurate information on all points.
Reports based on the results of these
investigations will be published 85 compiled.

Horticultural Lectures at Chiswick.—Under
the auspices of the Chiswick Public Library
and Museum Committee, a course of four
horticultural lectures will be given at the
Chiswick Public Library, on March 19, March
26, April 2 and April 7. In the order of
these dates the lectures and lecturers will be
« Garden Flowers with Special Reference to

Sweet Peas,” by Mr. John Weathers, of
Isleworth; ‘‘The Cultivation of Roses," by
Mr. Courtney Page, Hon. Secretary of the

National Rose Society; ‘‘ Popular Vegetables,”
by Mr. A. Lovejoy, of Messrs. Sutton and
Sons; and “Fruit Growing for Amateurs," by
Mr. F. H. Hughes. The lectures will commence
at 8 p.m.

Fruit -Growing in Scotland—Very gratifying
evidence of the fine progress fruit-growing is
making in Scotland comes from various
districts. At a recent meeting of the
Governors of the Aberdeen and North of
Scotland College of Agriculture, a communi-
cation was submitted from the Advisory
Committee of the Inverness area reporting
that the work done in the development of
horticulture and fruit-growing between Elgin
(Morayshire) and Tain (Ross and Cromarty)
by Mr. J. Anes, the College representative,
has had splendid results. No such advance,
it was declared, had been made for years.
At the same meeting, Mr. Greenhowe, lecturer

-— X. — —

194

‘through the “Resarch | Committe a: request:

" that: four ፲፥:፤5-8ፁ8፪ inje afationa Le est hlished;
jo ed hah thea ከ6 Jocated we fo! 10958 3--
oo Phat a principal station? be established Gao
or he viéinity of “Foote, 86. “Morayshire, በበበ.
Xhat it extend 1o five orres o that በ. ኪከ-
-station ba ‘egtablishod. de dhe xiniüity | otc

| ዘባ (Kineardibexhire, imd. os
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“be eatahljshed in the iiniy-. of Dingwall’
Ross: shire), — fo twin 8ናያዩ6: und. that.

VÀ E subestatiem. dur WW AMAA E As raibstune. |
[ከ6 Mollege “tends wear’: nies}, by exe
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Tah disc hu ier Thé Tuesda- ‘September x

x Freak num . Co SERIA, ከ1
hs “playa — Congress at (1 ‹ይጋጡ(
| Vhreysnotheniura . Society: will ህክ ‘pime Eh

London. whilat: 1፡1. 6 young:
alpess At:
“Gdington, ኣ'ከበቭ there he. dhavamne “intervetedt |
mo thee eullivation § m plinta” 88 ሳርና pk
CP tham: nd i itor. sale event.
Barden. market, cand. Pentually - — ought
. ዚከህ8ከ Ahrew. SAUTER Di 16616 nt. beyton end |
pon Rene ‘busindss aa’. a cultivator: ot: Few
cent. haddiog quantis. for ሄከጨበር9) Mes

^refüina . tia riursory, hat iow diee (Ab: Dung
fom. Wierd jie!’ ከ88 ከረር. Owetve aerea. 4
atid 611861. mutiny: Yovered: with. glass wherein:

i i year “at Lyons. Trom ihe 3፡6 to the Sth
het Brows. ፻' enis. most. —— 689. CAE. ‘November feet. /:እቆ ተ[ saps tas fs i.
, fmhivates “Tonata: tetiatve] INT. 16/ህዚከ | OMT ie c hehlo onn ፣ Dreri tenat, Eshit ian

goventy-ntac- years of ings and for avét- Cru,
aars a socer hoide dc Covent tarden. Hower’
mgri, 3 Corry 411. enjoys, excelent: Wealth :
"und audes | 8... keen interest i the Veiis.
whith: ts ዐርጃ “ander: the: general. xhünagentent —
.6?. አወ Kex sns Me Hare and Mr Bento
nd Any dos fürier: Gf wham aeta ሰ. grow

organised. by "due Lyons: Herdi 8
ber. ogiera: ime ithe Buy Putas ae
ANE. Kowt. ANS *

Honours. ies 5 french: ቂ ነር ፡ 2 ረ: ag
—— Tuchat., Seorstary ^ Che Fédération

(Nm Hopali- té Syinfivats Hort jngtes de one 3

ks hut

ከ88. ust Been JUSTINE. jeher e
: Legio /፡ Honiteur- . AW aiemilar® harot. “hes
Me Me. Cason hed ha ME Thilihert. Ravreny,

pe aidant nf the! Nyndivat she C vi GA (S ade
xe Beine (ds. 1በ፲ህክ።9ክርብ ^ aphnrietidtaeist “arnt
SS) - ቪየበዛርር. of duk 80፡5%)(%::- dard the Conse nf. thy:
rar - nme: Orive. dins: dean destisceat. imn 3 ዘበ.
To wey ilmortó, - Ades die 5 ponoanth work:
raperially jn. AV heat: sera. Bertu bae miero
ME Berghe dr. Aeon APICAL:

ያ Priest. Ac situe. "rh E —
d Agriculture, ^ ሾህ... AE Polus “ክዊቀበፎ፤፡
7E “rather > Fasien. “uring: Febroarg.: nz ata
::- dl beum abano ge oe det awi ize ife
x ብው time: dor: ANAT: oped. gha ambe mirituisor

lower: ihan E SOT: carter: Um miez
— — — n5 meyer
points: A eovinty fours per EPRE above” pre
war ጄኒ arrota mrponi vere ከ8 dL; PUNIR
seven por cant, abure 1011 G6 md 7 akbar
Melina von the: shanri, '86፡፡ niy የ689: “per
pent. abote. Pegat. ብ ከቶር Penisini. Aih
amngéd. ac. eer ና - dahl.” the | fii 9. UN

ther care duc flower, : * the bua. peers: apd. “‘Cuauilowens, Mingle See

mas dus might, ‘intertere | seit, the - proper: ኮድ dosen” qdheapst : MI db: aliae Meo

2 development ind. dist niare Bf: the E u- tworand a "qot. ob QD 8፻. GLA
ር ር ROE — Bros Rpirouts a bbe hy da Gu: per

| Royal የ ያያ. nih Fed Amen ^ i ኑ NES. and PE oaishy- Sterns d ye AT DR:

መጨ henefactians 6፻ክሁ; prs “Gardeners”

.. ዩኛህክፀክ Puji arcc ይክ DAS BAM, to Wi wish
«mié cand "' ህይስኗ፦፡ organised, by. Me. er
| ያለ(6(689.. OB) Brovsket 81ልቨ "(oiedens,. "Hatfield:

M rallye at. Ms w ilian- Thomson .
JA. 8088, The. weed “Vineyard, Süeyeniards -

VIRES Beem Floral ‘Fate. de" anüeh. “aona. hae
i ከር — ers SEM ለች ef. 186: AN hitetni
the” officere . ከ80:

ing, Je rra OM Webera their
^ mperntiena. ሐጪ the present. dear cand hell
Can exhibuien. A “Friday dnd’: Samtday,
uly: 24: end. 28, wader the 416 cof the.

Bristel Fleral : iu te! ne, exhibition: will ከ6.
ከ65. dn Messrs. 13. > Pav ዝዩ. ፎ« ‘Com BY 8 '
TER Seeresd on. ወክ ‘hti Whitehalli: Bristol:
hi hi. sehequle.* 'vontama: ong turd rid. gud. forty
eared elasses fon plütits- iawer- trite and:
i vegetahles. 4፡3... addition’, dn mati . . pidustriil |
Vs nare tin. (ery diberst: ፡ “ዘክ. “priger “ane የየቨቦ፲ፍብ -

ILLUC
(|

i ABI ers nd oo planas: fred» dee snlentions - of:

በስካር: fruits, | | nd. —vwegeisbles, . - Mee.
| ከክርክር ang ^ Langton wit guess; efi: Root:
"ዝህ das the: prize: wirer qu the. eds for ጸ..

arip 6 1168608069... candor. Cairns, ne nb.
Sons ee presidenta | DW S Ue K «BB
present ae ip OM hes awarded -- n ote c

inner. sihes, g ram number. hab: orate: ys
: ኮይኮዳ1ኬ.. Semea. ttnefühers . tasses,
$ zy up 811: dive wr ከፍ. won — — "an
xsecessarily^ A Ah —— Meli c t ^beccthe-
the property: ot dm sahibiter. -
tbe rinii pal
ቤተ]. Mio 55፡68.
es Sa bes S
oth athe aerobic Mr. Thomas: ር
e abotosson a M — ጎሃ kehal m

Her. oe pies.

1

ህህጸፀ à Thais ተሬ | ከጠ or Ages,

ert iet Fh 1665 ፈያ

2s M onwafoed, : 'ሕስፊ: ow d. ‘daneg | “ptranged’ | EE —*

hie. e dowdy sek

ciselee- ef.
diesen. - lyer: rs spinal edt

E Applications. *
ACTE PA —

35115 qu were elim POPRA 56፡6 fhe ione
while Chniong rase abarply n7 riehipank: qu
nanpa ORY: the pree in thes. base yeas

Planta An interesting: Weconnt. *
Hs she ‘vogetat Aon Ofelia’ “sduth avestern ^ resent
coregimi ር፪:. Agaric | ‹.... qublistied - oy Messe.
SUM, UT

ome iecur er wi

S | E 2: Shia nd 51: Lo Puemeisel an the
2 bags: sb ‘the አርፍ "deiude. ^o MER. Journal: of c Agr ርህ. Jdüewarch, and. has
mürket. side. of the business. Mr. E, kury o heen. veprinied. ብጻ & séphrata- bulletin . The

vis well known among. Covent: Garden. ዘነበበ
orae, avid. ከክ. ctiame mist’. bec familiar: Ac.
“Aorists Al. over the eoiritry descowhom. c Ris
Fen ge [በ : Jorge, numbers.. Abmeughenrt ths c
ሃቦ: :31ኮ. aud Mo Ei Curry celubrated their)
golden: wedth ing on Wednesday,’ March 18. 881.
were) happy 18 having: nil thor seven “children

| 11,88ዴ88በ684 which: appear. t. the and uk th
würk, | an. wy Mntereetth jowl c Sx eeed meds
well rogrodus e Cher gut hors adeab aro the
Uwegetalron: 9 ‘the: Conefiella : Valley amd cui
ode OMA C Valleys Arsen, VET Aypes | cet
vegetation. d divided. - "art: inops s Vacs
በባ. Bar tt) forth, "be: type of wegetatinn. Highest

"hree! sone. sand | ‘four: daughters alive, ami. : አከብ0ኛ6' ዞኮ. evel dtc hw Coat 1፡11. Alley, Ard

see (9: assist dn ‘the selébeation. ዴዷ› altendy bordering RL We Tawar’ marein 1፳: 3333 ORTAR
Spotierd) we ef (re ene: dero engaged On - dominate tee Cason bush, Carhua BHA igen.

buses. with. dit. - father, e he. «eldest: : Ober promieni . plants) Are UR EI Sage

sen, Mr. red Wi Currys proment YAra. potivarpisjy Artewwded and Sathish,

ewe. salesman | n ment. ‘Santen. እማ Reap weed (Bondi; anke med inje aud: Satteease

National. Dahlia) Scibté -ጴ:. አ: ቴክ — (Pistiohtia piat); rade: aiino ommuni:

paetitulariy y apeous. HE -Atriples.: Eb ጩ
cup cie: ;ROudy "of. the dara or ከ9ደ፦ ‘ghatriats
16. tes: andichte ሂሚከዶ ;[ቦ61:ክ341ቫ3ዕጳ » dors የቼ

jroduefion: ut. ከ ipe anorni Mature:

apele ‹468041. sehedule of othe Racaoe: Dahfha:
Society w show de he held on September. Tm
—— abvera] new features: 18 the per
opil open Pues far Cuctas- Tiahliae the, uber.
nf veretes Yequued has bém. diwe from c "Nat
eig htecu ig: ቪዛ and: the prizes. ‘hae deen
cine ብሎው leading OPETE., oleate “for
aquae | "Dahlias ‘amd alsa Ono the sone for:
Paropan. 60፲466- twelve — UAS. sbqred:.
Gnsteaud. af dseenty: Jant: Kspecully ipteresting |
je: tbe cins Jar. Ate best Áxhibi of « oral.

P
"s

| በ1108 gd Piroiee Bade: e
ORARE. Aie amen ber nt peant, wha xudtivat
"Mie puriy” ‘Bur. 1173. Ape; 8፻ erfasst
A) armenta በ# s nec * dine, thie 481311. ተከሳ
..ሰ፻ vin nas aa Es: "hie: scarry! £d dhe Yeitidhs x4
thes ald fioriete ciues very prithuaiastin | And tip
| Natiomi Ca &mnatien 614. Pi 261፻9:. fpes. ORG

sexies. Astratiner. the: decorative value of Wel the ከ py. conditum dewing S. gard
Pehla: ‘The: fran: prize ia w hailing. Cup pret — — 1,989 amd dis aleta — ይበ
| የኔሸ6በ ከዙ Mro Cea: Monni. whieh: wall become the * — — —
rperty "uf. Fig firek — A he wins dr. — — a the: fata ሸጋ ዕው ds ያ)
hien. Ores, c dut በ Ayecessürüy 1 ‘gue densior. Saule Woesteen tese. Iteyion.. Sd | &nd CN ን
* Tedture nt: the’ schedule 955 genera. HC. : dir inte Soe —

IRD nno — a AUE OR am 2 ጠኔ Peiping i en W sai ዌና —

Y ፡፡ TUN Horneulturel ' Moral

pi

a - Sind,
d x M

AN 0 utter.

HEN ME d A Broka: .Éaimbridze: Unity Pen
Pa

Mantos Me 39:5:

(ere MM »——— Fels JU Dei aida e, — —— |'.: — — MÀ — MÀ — —— — —

thin rues ERRAR atone, eang £a. Xu 46.
and. 245 2... Md. edipectively: . ‹፲ከሠ በክ!
pahin. wll Bee edd oia bise ove hen.
altarak” Hell: ép; Kurap, Pls: et oe
“fomouhtly, dec ad ^a. 8189 ጸር md: e

aes "b Bayer dude SENN HEIOR || ATH: das ከየ. dn: nr e
KC (aesloptii Aombpin oto ‘Aenea Fan 85.

Ber arp C us 'Éluogniitag | AS Venus cad. -

"bene" ay "all: AM buit sity ፲ህ a 65% after
thee A var ent: quare: Shows: ፡:48:.. ig “hoped: that
ETE peciit. ኒያ wid “ር those ain,
Chee eis who we dnd | WE: hematite ብ(/ሃፍ9#:›

፡- ዘፌ gba: f attraet.. new. e members NB

Ge Be Fedal Jor” Mra ran ADR 2 ép. Em 13. anehided: |

i ES: abut - clases, ome. ers addition Y m eas
ባክር. (“በርክ ዱባጄ፡. ከባ ——— for. Chio:
MPOSCH. grt. flowrred;,: om; ees - 19፡8. ጻው ኮፍ
PUR OP Te Viet ouk ያ ከ7 Sai: iei
n pantais : Oe antenhatinn © : ጸየትገርክ ሎም von:
OS Border Camiline fren Seed, bv My Pe €

DAE. and WFAA vods ia UE 8.

‘Town. Phak ay: Miss.

: ጋ! Jot ዝየ: raptibers: ከ) —

J———— ATR: vequested, pe voniaubienie ji —
መባ

the

"dion. Typs bt xS
ns,

Ter. R ond, Priklad, N We

intments for the Ensuing Wack. —
Narek 214.
-(1[የሀድሕ. mæt 15 Alva:

Naweakle and 13 “1
‘Gay vivet en] C Sorica
deeture: ME — Sac, dristow. Spring.
“Flaw er: , Show's ግዥ Teübleden And. Avis eek tities

"deser Mutual Jrprovarment Stysiety: s aneetu. ቅ ;

UN `

Mitcham, : Mooring: and: haneit ‘Huorriaaltarah >

E rino E tweeting

Boski 5: Ming "Ehüirsduy, Many
British > ‘Carnation Nae WRG Sw - ከር: ; Bb ar
Botanic «ነር! y! “3/ ribs: tiye. ::: 1ይ:

AEN D sat: MELUN ae

(i i Gardener! Chroni
Sa ah ek Prev. E “Mr. Etor whit <
Maske ? —— Mat be 331416: > ic Corn! pla?

ከህ. ‘Latiaen be x "yank:
Pets

CUN mee AE nd
Hiat: Me ' gene ; Iuryie Rene 7 m.
OMM: 2

— ‘Well ERE. What. dc Dinan T

a DA OWN and Meme
=, serian. '#ክ “ከ d neg y GAS

Ss : SSP FONE, qu ፲9)%% . dA mb deni amens —

Nie net wean | * — 819: ጠክር we dave —

qood. nan a Pardon. AE

.:ሻጩሬበነክ:: WE” Jod ^ England o 48ክ. '16ጸ5 -

አክዌ. s — Be — ‘alia, and. the ah:

Aperi — stowent “Garden,” S ta law?

sag ‘tye: gardener — Sail "ahat

HECAT. ከ96 two merage ህበቢ m mob

ees, far. we are: it eei: —

wu. án winter. we dive wating | TUE wen

Eadie with. Mustard’ and Ursa
TE oath sere ette dt 13. %. ponr,: totis.
“hag Mu Hah: at “ለዚ, and (06 My: JC
An mire son quen, : “Mialarn; (doo owanklt canter /
“oh Nee —— Ae grow Carn-salad, -
grandfather. fid; d Wis youstather..
M gardener. J MR dswéver,

rah should. havi —— vallen:
RS xe dexter: ከ92: ur ELDE Ton aAa.,
An: i4 B hat: fiae Abr ed ^ ad ur: Atiegtion -

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Ae AC
Yat.

ipae gm e Tot where: cu ድቻ ‘hug’ ‘the. Meche:
sp. u "Halic Y^ fo dare | URUN 018: በበበ Béver
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praire it 063. — ን the rail a MESE C
ae Cowithiont - dittienitv,- “from, ከሠ. እጠ —
TUE »ortestiondent; s wt Sm JUN. እ dor hime” —
funde Chre March: 22 RRO es eo US eee
sts as T Publications. dinis. — Pienti the
Y * aptat የአዘህዘሆጠ + fun ferences. MIZ£ etd.

Eris &-

Life:

bed noti.
dose t i

Matter, Lape. ie of Ris A
"ዘአከ. dem E RON. n
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— Ba “Bloomahury - yanar, ACT he ፡
Mab up ah: — uy Do Hs ር ከ
:: 59541. Wiame, nd Norgate, 94, Hennotti: '

BORSA, OUO 2.፣ Prog: 78. td. net "ተህ
ism de: —— BOR. O ame Departs
me s DE — shrure,. “Trinidad: rice er TE

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Wolle An B s

Royal Hart senlturat Saes Cone o. e

41614 Chiryssitiibustogen ce ju
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“Mare di- i —
Reanim Biologists: aee *

Chronicle: fr, “Seventy-five tan . x v

Jie eis cu
E Chit, Niudaumg; a8 Mache: at amo :

ሇኝ. አ

ee di i D

ote : d
1 Miele : E Bale, — 145

"pant. i

ARDE x ERS:

— — — — MÀ “ሠሙ “መ”

j^; MUN
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n sure GARDEN,

HYACINTHUS AZUREUN. er Ae

A Du of the precia sers or ‘early springy’

ae mr grase border ob roek garden’ is thes.
GI bulbous plant ፀብ. Hyycinthus atures.:

urnily kisan 85 Muscati nuni:
istinguisbed from ^ the:

cae as fr
although | jer

MONTH of ape 10969. dis: "worth: js: nr mor
Ms aris Howering : beat alan ^ ats
‘aa hae hy | ከ86: ossia. known ae
-ight have; coupled |
pulogx O° BM Mower. 1.

Ü

“RIG, SE

31. of delight: jn.
ከሆ beauty:

order ፡ uf rock: purden iia
February. iud Match, but)

plani 76 een.
Brass, 865 ዘነ formal : graps,
Mess, vet- not so 8 በ1 UAR. War lose | ገደ effect;

effet. swhich will: juépease ፡' 66.

AA * ዶና a ላማ
^ ኒ m ^ ^
$ PN Iw um.) 4 vr s Piet

CH RON. ያ CLE.

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Jl dtm astare, roly vine. R Aiuitus E. }

Xutiletv dnd - thés type: gre. ptite - ይኮ.

E ns.
TBO
| 86)41. do.
» has larger flowers. ta MOREM TY

Grape i
Hyéácinths- by the oprn,.- #1 «not: x ubl iid, à

DTE
8 gat thor E TTN se

dot af either. of) Tice. Habs 34447
his bs Moses: E

Ax.
Ag 14፻8ር)1/ክ. 78. most prensunced. obe dec
in- flower du btutdreda ur us
dat diat tered: 2

SRA" £o እ
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et: own geedimps. 705
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Me

RS ል

lw cA ስህ ርር dE: “rather saher 61
MIRE c volet vr po AY. dut. ከ88 noc
thier ditinetions: ta egninend it. Both thes.

‘the =>"
variots ” 8(8ክ/ከ89:18. being: fe Units thi deatet o.
“Other: varieties are (Boa) Rigantena, wich.

— Thi K Gs. émet (Chronicle, *
Nol. XXI qu 2100s Ba: ፡5፡ —— 15:-:፡
"ናክ frin Sine | ርህ 5160: 6.

uM Ro
iMpvér. RAAI

Another. variety, whadu.
be. even Target,” Hatch Dava

SERPA o 1. — Ameis, on 4:86.

ae E iva afi ii

A ERRUSIA WISTA NLA EU
vt sus. hiss Corlilicute: * 160 NU EJ Fans | tei EP
8 dne “a "chürmig: ይራ epee wil in uie Hyacinth. Jta variety. mbikak — cis
በይ. ገና ‘here des spikes- pF eloap.set. flowers, - 18. common. andes: DOE “Phe “bathe: should © 8
— CREM: ህየ. ‘wight: inches Mes delight us te pronred in ud. planted Abou.
cwn ብዞ .፡ anre blue Haus Bet 5." A uus 459. inches. deep.- and, E au fitim heut
panal cena. ረ . 1459 እረጋ :.6፻1.፡.. ኒን x
E i oven d ;&ruail dis. dis ‘he pint an “the Mr. John: SVeitberas;: 46. 41: ብ "Quse d. —

“Barden. Pianta: Kater fhet: the Hukpa: Are ROG $ ኒ
"mes injured. by “pari: ‘toate, Atit si
“movable pratintis, | Adi Aa Cue Gendlight or
Gan Va Aereo, po
canas youre
“have not fánnl dis charme by frost Tit the
owtatement የ. such. ju OX fepe ed dud Farel

ees E

bae ROO; - this bulb. ter.
in several quedens; und; so- far.

observer des M ፲፻. Went TAON ES
! mute he (ከወ: edle Harden — | pen -
‘A —

tai ayere Jons ne early: ፈን E

ቺ ድ... t ‘ y D A
BENS — ምጋ « : yu Wok
n ማክደ `- $4. i ' — E EOM A

ORCHID HOUSES.

By J. COLLIER, Gardener to SIR JEREMIAH COLMAN, Bart.,
Gatton Park, Reigate.

Thunias.—After their season of rest these
plants will soon be starting into growth
afresh. Thunias constitute a very useful class
of Orchids and produce their racemes of
flowers from the apices of their new psuedo-
bulbs, usually about the middle of May, and
well-flowered specimens are very attractive
and decorative subjects, well worthy of every
attention during their short season of growth.
The plants should be potted annually, and
the work should be done so soon as they
have commenced to grow afresh. The old
compost should be shaken away and dead
roots shortened to within an inch or two
of the base. The usual plan is to place six
or seven of the stoutest stems together in a
seven-inch pot, which should be nearly half
filled with clean crocks. Place coarse portions
of the soil over the drainage and fill the

rest of the pot with compost consisting
mainly of good fibrous loam with some
Osmunda.fibre and Sphagnum-moss cut up

moderately finely, and sufficient crushed crocks
and coarse silver sand to render the mixture
porous. Place the base of the stems on to
the surface of the compost, which should be
about half-an-inch below the rim of the pot
so that it will be convenient for watering.
The soil should be pressed firmly into the
pot, and each stem should be tied to a
stout stake to hold it firmly. Thunias should
be grown in the lightest possible position
near to the roof-glass of the warmest house.
For some time after re-potting until the
growths have well started and the roots are
growing freely in the compost water should
be applied sparingly, but when the plants
are well established moisture should be given
liberally, supplemented by occasional applica-
tions of liquid cow manure. The foliage
should be syringed frequently, taking care
to wet the undersides in order to ward off
attacks of red spider.

THE FLOWER GARDEN.

By W. AUTON, Gardener to VISCOUNT ELVEDEN,
Pyrford Court, Woking, Surrey.

Roses.--The pruning of Hybrid Perpetual
Roses may now be done, following in a
week or two with the Teas and Hybrid
Teas. All spindly, unripe, and diseased wood
should be removed entirely, after which the
severity of pruning is largely a matter of
variety, conditions of wood, and purpose of
flowers. Many of the newer varieties,
particularly those with Tea and Pernetiana
pedigree, show evidence of not tolerating the
knife so well as some of the older varieties,
and the pruning of these Roses calls for
considerable judgment. For garden purposes,
after all weak, worn-out, and badly-placed
wood has been removed, at least six or
eight eyes should be left on sound shoots
of the preceding year’s growth. The sunless
autumn impeded the ripening of the growths,
but the winter has been remarkably free
from severe frost, and the wood generally is
in good condition. Shoots of some of the
strong-growing sorts may be pegged to the
soil, leaving them to almost their full length.

The Rock Garden.-- Renewed
apparent among the plants in the rock
garden, and it is now easy to ascertain
where any have failed to survive the winter.
if strong, healthy specimens are available
for filling blank spaces they will soon make
headway and give the rockery a furnished
appearance. If washing away of soil has
been caused by recent heavy rains the

activity is

THE GARDENERS’ ^CHRONICLE,

damage should be made good and any
loosening of soil behind stones be given
attention, consolidating it where necessary.

Border Carnations.—Plante of border Carna-
tions that have been wintered in cold frames
may now be planted out, in favourable
weather. The soil should have been deeply
cultivated and a dressing of bone-meal
worked into the surface before planting, this
material affording lasting nourishment to the
plants. Plant firmly at about fifteen inches
apart, and if slugs are troublesome dust the
plants with soot at intervals.

Lawns.— Any necessary re-placement of turf
should be completed at once, and the lawns
thoroughly swept and rolled when sufficiently
dry in preparation for mowing.

. PLANTS UNDER GLASS.

Ly F. J. CLARK, Gardener to Lt.-Col. SIR GEORGE
HOLFORD, Westonbirt, Tetbury, Gloucestershire.

Basket Plants.—In establishments where
there are corridors or conservatories which
either do not lend themselves to a_ general
display of flowering plants or, where such
displays are not called for, the employment
of suspended wire baskets for growing some
of those plants which are suitable for the
purpose may be well worth while.

Achimenes are purticularly suited to basket
culture. The corms should now be shaken
out of the old soil in which they have
been stored during the winter. They should
be started into growth in well-drained pans
containing a mixture of finely-sifted peat,
leaf-mould and plenty of sand, placing them
thinly and evenly in the receptacles, which
should then be put in a warm, moist house
near to the roof-glass. Water the soil
sparingly at first and shade the young plant
from bright sunshine. When the shoots are
about two inches high the seedlings may be
transplanted carefully without injury, into
the baskets, at about two to three inches
apart. The baskets should be filed with
soil comprising one part each of fibrous peat
and light loam, not broken too finely, two
parts of leaf-mould, a little well-decayed and
finely-sifted cow manure and a free addition
of coarse silver sand. Continue to grow
them in a warm house, guarding against cold
draughts. ‘The points of the growths may be
pinched twice or thrice before the plants
commence to flower, to promote a well
balanced effect. Plenty of water will ከ6
required when the plants are growing freely
and frequent feeding when flowering. Gradually
harden the plants before removing them to
the cool corridor. Achimenes, however, are
more or less tender, and therefore not suited
to cold, draughty houses. For cool houses
and where the plants are exposed to full
light, the homely Ivy-leaved Pelargoniums
and the procumbent varieties of Begonia are
better suited. For association with them I
would recommend—

Gnaphalium micranthum.—This is a very
attractive glaucous-leaved perennial of drooping
habit, and one of the prettiest grey-foliaged
plants I know. It makes a splendid foil to
the Pelargoniums (with the aid of a single
stake and a few ties it may be grown into
a pretty pyramidal plant too). This Gnaph-
alium is propagated easily by cuttings.

— — — — — -- — —

HARDY FRUIT GARDEN.

By E. NEAL, Gardener to J. A. NIX, Esq., Tilgate,
Crawley, Sussex.

Black Currants.—These bushes should ከ6
examined periodically for big buds, which
should be removed and burned. Spray the
plants with Quassia extract at a strength of
half-a-pint of the extract to four or five
gallons of water; this will leave a bitterness
on the wood and make it very distasteful
for those insects that deposit their eggs on
the buds. Quassia extract is a very safe
insecticide to use, and when the spraying is
in progress every part of the bush should

Marom 21, 1925.

be treated, but not so heavily that the
specific runs off and is wasted. Cuttings of
Black Currants that were inserted in a cool
propagating pit last July should be rooted
sufficiently for removal to the open ground.
Plant them in rows made two feet apart
and allow a space of fifteen inches to
eighteen inches between the plants in the
rows. Choose ground that has been well
cultivated and needs no enrichment beyond
a top dressing of rotted manure after
planting is completed to keep the roots cool
and moist through the summer. Boskoop
Giant is still one of the best varieties,
producing big bunches of large berries of
fair flavour. ‘The Baldwin is also a very
fine sort, and Seabrook’s Black is another
outstanding variety. Later introductions of
merit include Edina and September Black.

Protecting Fruit Blossom.—The time i:
approaching when growers must give heed
to the sudden changes in the weather and
guard the blossom of Peaches, Nectarines,
Apricots, and Plums against injury by cold
winds and frost. All coverings should be in
readiness as advised in a previous calendar.
When the weather is unfavourable for work
out-of-doors nets required for protecting the
fruit in the summer should be overhauled,
and if repairing is necessary it should be
done now. Where birds are numerous and
troublesome to ripe fruit and netting is
required annually, it is the cheapest and
the most economical to have a standard
size in length and width, provided the fruit
bushes are planted in square plots. In the
same way, Strawberry beds are much easier
to protect when the nets are of standard
size.

FRUITS UNDER GLASS.
By F. STREETER, Gardener to MAJOR ALBERT PAM,
Wormley Bury, Broxbourne, Herts.

Cherries.—During the flowering period of
all Cherries under glass admit as much air
as possible to the house without causing
draughts from cold winds; leave the top
ventilators open at night should there be no
sign of frost. It is much better to use a
little -fire-heat and keep a current of air
circulating than to grow the plants without
ventilation. Damp the bare spaces lightly
early in the morning when the outside
conditions are favourable, and at mid-day if
the sun is out, gently dew over the flowers.
I greatly prefer this method to tapping the
trees, which I believe causes a good deal of
injury to them, especially when they are
tied to wires. A hare's or a rabbit's tail is
very useful for distributing the pollen. Damp

the house lightly before the sun gets too
low, so that it; is fairly dry again by
sunset. Keep a .sharp watch for black fly,

fumigating slightly with a vaporizing com-
pound even if the trees are in flower; also
watch pot trees very car» ully for water,
examining the whole batch morning and after-
noon to see if moisture is needed.

Figs.—The Fig eyes and ripened shoots
that were started early last month on hot
beds are well rooted and should be placed
singly in -inch pots before they become
pot-bound. The compost should consist of
three parts fibrous loam and one part leaf.
mould with a liberal sprinkling of mortar
rubble. Pot firmly, replace the plants
on the hot -bed and keep them
sprayed with tepid water to encourage

wth to develop. Established trees of the

t batch are making quick growth and
should be stopped at every fifth leaf. Begin
to feed the roots with concentrated manure
so soon as the fruits begin to show signs

of swelling; do not crop heavily. The
latest house containing trees planted out
should now be closed and the trees started
into growth. The night temperature should
be 50°, rising to 60° by day. See that the
border is sufficiently moist, as Figs cannot
withstand drought at the roots ut any
time.

Mancu ፲21, 1925.

THE KITCHEN GARDEN.

By H. PRINCE, Gardener to the Hon. MRS. GREVILLE,
Polesden Lacy, Dorking.

Carrots. A good area of ground may now
be sown with Carrots for the general crop.
This root vegetable often fails to succeed in
gardens, or sometimes parts of gardens, and
difiiculty is often found in . producing a
satisfactory crop. Every part of the kitchen

garden should be tried, if there is any
difficulty, until success has been attained.
Nothing is better suited to this crop than
wood ash and old soot, which should be

worked into the ground. Rake the surface
soil thoroughly until a fine tilth is obtained,
then draw drills about fifteen inches apart
and one inch deep and sow the seeds thinly.
If extra fine specimens are required, holes
should be bored to a depth of eighteen
inches to twenty-four inches and filled with
finely-sifted soil and sand mixed, dropping
three or four seeds in the centre of each
station and thinning the plants to one in
each spot.

Beetroot.—A few rows of (Globe Beet may
be sown to follow the batch that haa
been raised in frames. This will ensure a
succession of nice young roots between the
frame-sown crop and that from the main
outdoor sowing made lauter.

Peas.—Sow Peas for successional cropping.
the height of each variety to determine the
distance between the rows. It is better not
to sow too many rows of the same variety
at a time, thus making a better provision

for continuous supplies, there being less
likelihood of all the rows maturing together.
French Beans.—Make use of any spare

frames for sowing successional batches of
French Beans. If frames are not available,
keep up supplies with plants grown in pota.
In producing early vegetables, efforts should
be made to maintain a continuous supply
until the out.of.door crops are available.

FOR NORTHERN GARDENERS.

By JAMES JEFFERY, Gardener to the EARL OF LONSDALE.
Lowther Castle, Penrith, Westmoreland.

Hardy Ferns.—The transplanting and dividing
of hardy Ferns may now be undertaken. In
selecting a position for Ferns in the open
choose one that is shaded and protected from
strong or direct winds. The compost may
consist of loam and leaf-mould in equal parts
mixed with a liberal quantity of coarse sand.
The dead foliage of the deciduous species
should be allowed to remain during winter
as a protection to the plants. The evergreen
species, if growing in a district free from
smoke, will have all their fronds still fairly
fresh; the fronds require only to be removed
as they become unsightly.

Gladiolus.—Corms of the Brenchleyensis and
primulinus types of Gladioli may now be
planted in the open. If intended to feature
as a self bed they may be spaced at one
foot apart and planted with the trowel not
more than three inches deep. Others that
may be required for mixing with summer
bedding plants may be placed in four-inch
pots and grown on in a cold frame until
they are wanted.

Onions.—The main crop of Onions may be

sown now. Select ground that was well
prepared in the autumn, and it should be
made fairly firm by treading the surface.

When firmed rake the ground
times in order to obtain as fine a surface
as possible. The drills may be drawn out
to the depth of about one inch and from
twelve to fifteen inches apart; the latter
distance is best. Sow the seeds evenly and
then draw the soil into the drills, pressing
it with the feet. Suitable varieties for this
sowing are Blood Red, Bedfordshire Champion,
James's Keeping, and Cranston's Excelsior.
Spinach.—The first sowing of Round Spinach
may now be made on a warm border; sow

two or three

— — —

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

only a few lines at a time. A successional
sowing may again be made in fourteen days
time on this same border, after which a
more exposed portion of the garden may be
used. New Zealand Spinnach should be
raised under glass in pots. It is too tender
to sow out-of-doors.

Strawberries. — New plantations
berries should now be made. I

of Straw-
find spring

FIG.

78.—STREPTANTHUS

OBTUSIFOLIUS.

planting the best method owing to the bad
action of continued frosts upon autumn-planted
runners. The ground selected should have
been trenched deeply and well manured the
previous autumn. There are various methods
of planting. In these gardens we plant the
runners in groups of three, five inches apart,
in the form of a triangle, allowing a distance
of thirty inches from group to group, and
allowing thirty-six inches between the rows.
Givon's Late Prolifie, Royal Sovereign, and
The Duke have given the best results here.

197
PLANTS NEW OR NOTEWORTHY.

— — —

STREPTANTHUS OBTUSIFOLIUS.

THIS attractive plant belongs to the Crucifer
family, being closely allied to the Arabis and
Cardamine. There are about twelve species
contained in the genus, all natives of Western
North America. The plant here illustrated
(Fig. 78) is not unlike the European Mori-
candia arvensis in habit and flower but
differs in the character of the fruit. It is
an annual, and of erect habit, growing from
one to two feet high, with glaucous, amplexi
caul leaves, and long racemes of large, showy
flowers. The twisted petals are rose coloured
and have a dark purple blotch near the base
of each. It was introduced into cultivation
nearly a century ago, secds of it having been
received at Glasgow under the name of
* Arkansas Cabbage." In its native habitat
it is found near the hot springs and amongst
rocks on shelving hills close to the banks of
the Red River in Arkansas. Perhaps owing to
its annual character it dces not appear to
have become well known or grown to any
extent in this country, indeed, it is doubtful
whether S. obtusifolius is now in cultivation.
The other memters of the genus are all of
similar character, differing chiefly in the shape
of the lower leaves and in the colour of the
flowers. W. I.

A NEW SPECIES OF XERONEMA.

A LETTER from Mr. H. Baillie, the Librarian
at Wellington, New Zealand, contains the
information that & new species of Xeronema
has been discovered on one of the Poor
Knight Islands. These islands are situated off
the east coast of North Island and were
discovered by Capt. James Cook in November,
1769. It is interesting to notice that this
new species has remained so long undiscovered,
as Dr. Cockayne visited the Islanda some
years ago, but appears not to have ascended
the cliffs where the new plant was found.

The specimens recently placed in the
herbarium of the Dominion Museum were
collected by Messrs. W. R. B. Oliver and
H. Hamilton, members of the Dominion
Museum Expedition which recently visited
some of the island groups north of Auckland.
Mr. W. M. Fraser, the engineer of Whangarei
Harbour, knew of the existence of “a
peculiar species of plant" on Poor Knight,
but no specimens were obtained until the
recent visit of the Museum Expedition,
consequently the plant remained unknown
and its relationship unsuspected.

Xeronema Moorei, found in New Caledonia,
was described in Bull. Soc. Bot. France in.
1864 (Vol. XL) and introduced to cultivation
in Europe by M. Jean Linden, of Brussels,

in 1875. It was named after Mr. C. Moore,
Director of the Sydney Botanic Garden.
Hitherto this has been the only species
known.. About thirty-five years ago the

writer had under his care several specimens
of this interesting Liliaceou3s plant in the
New Plant Department, at Messrs. James
Veitch and Sons’ Nursery, Chelsea, a depart-
ment rendered famous by Mr. John Heal,
V.M.H., who was for so many years in charge
of it. The flowering of a specimen was quite an
event. The plant is almost stemless and has ensi-
form leaves, sheathing at the base, and from
twelve inches to eighteen inches long, many
of them arching slightly. The inflorescence
has been aptly described as resembling a
crumb brush; the stout stem is about six
iiches long and then turns abruptly, almost
at a right angle, and this more or 1658
horizontal portion bears the flowers, all of
which turn upwards, the whole suggesting a
brush. The likeness is accentuated by the
fact that the stamens are the most con-
spicuou3 portion of the flowers, being twice
as long as the six-lobed perianth; the colour
is almost scarlet, with a purplish tinge, while
the anthers are dark purple.

The new species, as yet unname’ is said

to be larger than X. Moorei, with spikes
from six inches to twelve inches long,
carrying bright-red flowers. The plants grow
on cliffs in the highest parts of Poor Knight

Islands, where they form tussocks so large

as a moderate sized New Zealand Flax.
Further information concerning this species

will be looked forward to with interest, as
the discovery seems to strengthen the opinion
held by many botanists and geologists, i.c.,
that in bygone days New Zealand was an

extension of the Malayan region. C. H. C.
INDOOR PLANTS.
CLIVIAS.
THe Clivias, of which several very fine

forms are in cultivation, constitute n group
of greenhouse plants noted for their attractive
decorative qualities. They are valuable for
the embellishment of the conservatory, and
both plants and cut flowers may be employed
to much advantage in the decoration of the
drawing room and other indoor apartments.
Plants of moderate size are probably the
best suited to growing in conservatories and,
associated, with other subjects, they present
an attractive appearance, while for particular
purposes large specimens may be grown by
putting several plants in a ten-inch or
twelve-inch pot and these when well-grown
make objects of great beauty.

With a large stock of plants and a well
arranged scheme of culture, Clivias may be
had in flower over a considerable period of
the year and even with a comparatively
small number of plants their attractively
coloured flowers may be enjoyed from the
latter part of the winter to thc beginning
of summer by simply accelerating the flowering
of some and retarding that of others.

In common with other Amaryllids Clivias
require a long season of rest, hence when
it is desired to retard the flowering period
of batches of plants this resting period may
be prolonged. Complete drying off, however,

should not be practised, as the foliage is
persistent and should not be allowed 10
shrivel.

Clivias require liberal supplies of water
when making growth, hence, when re-potting,

care should be taken that the drainage is
efficient. The best time to re-pot those
requiring more root space is soon after
they have flowered. as they are then

beginning to make new growth and in a
condition to become established quickly in the
new soil. Vigorous examples will need
simply potting on in a receptacle. one size

larger and should have as much soil as
possible removed from the surface, leaving
the ball intact.

Plants that are not particularly vigorous
and have lost some of their roots should
have the ball of soil reduced as much as
possible and be put back into the same-
sized pot. Specimens that do not require

root.disturbance should have as much of the
old top soil taken away as can be. removed
without injury to the roots and receive u
top-dressing of compost as prepared for
potting. Being strong growers and rank
feeders, a rich compost made of two parts
good fibrous loam, one part decayed manure,
4 little lime rubble or sand and a sprinkling
of bone meal should be employed. After
re-potting or top-dressing, as the case may

he, the plants should be placed in the
stove or intermediate house to enable them
to have the benefit during the growing
scason of rather more warmth and atmos-
pheric moisture than the greenhouse affords.
Afford water sparingly until the roots are
growing freely in the new compost, after
which copious supplies of moisture will be

remainder of the
growth ከ completed
should be gradually
removed to a cool

necessary during the
growing season. When
the supply of moisture
reduced and the plants

THE

GARDENERS

house where they may be kept compara-
tively dry until again wanted for flowering.

C. miniata is one of the earliest intro-
duced species, and both it and its variety
splendens are still worth growing. Some of
the newer varieties such as Admiration,
Acquisition, Marie van Houtte and President
show a marked improvement on the typical
form, the flowers being larger with brighter
and more refined shades of colour. W. Auton.

CANNAS.

CANNAS were grown largely a few
ago as sub-tropical foliage plants.
to careful breeding and
varieties of dwarf habit, possessing flowers
of a variety of rich tints have been
raised and these are valuable as decorative
subjects for the garden and conservatory.

The seed of the Canna is so hard that
the germ bursts through the strong covering
with the greatest difficulty. A safe plan to
facilitate germination is to soak the seeds in
water for twenty-four hours, placing the
vessel containing the seeds in the stove or
greenhousc. |

A brisk heat is required for the germina-
tion of the seeds, and care must be taken
that the soil is kept in a moist condition.
Germination is slow but the young plants
grow quickly under proper treatment.

The Canna is a gross feeder and needs a
rich compost. Plants raised from seeds sown
in January will flower during the following
summer. Where the necessary heat ijs not
available for a January sowing a later sowing
will provide plants which will be excellent
for autumn and winter flowering in pots.

Named varieties are most serviceable for
various colour schemes in the garden. They
may be increased by division of the fleshy
rhizomes in spring, rooting them in boxes or
pans containing leaf-mould. Slight bottom
heat will assist in the formation of new
roots. Pot the plants as top growth becomes
active, and set them out in June in rich,
well-prepared ground. They will flower until
cut down by early frost, when the roots
should be dug up and stored in a frost-proof,
dry cellar for the winter. Lf desired some
of the plants may be taken up before frost
injures them, potted, and placed in heat,
where they will continue to flower.

years
Owing

selection,

CARNATION BARONESS DE BRIENEN.

THis variety (see p. 173) is excellent for

growing on in large pots. Owing to the
dense habit of growth special care is
necessary in keeping plants of Baroness de
Brienen clean, and free from red spider.
With large plants we have found the best
method is to thin the young side shoots
before they become too crowded.

Growth of this variety is slower than
many others, but when healthy plants are
secured and red spider kept in eheck, the
foliage of plants growing in large pots is
very fine and of the rich hue which culti-
vators love to see.

Regarding the value. of Baroness de

Brienen in winter we have found that young
plants stopped in June are not so service-
able as older specimens. C. Ruse, The Hyde
Gardens, near Luton.

ORCHID NOTES AND GLEANINGS.

HYBRID CYMBIDIUMS.

Tuas displays of these plants at recent
exhibitions have aroused much interest and
drawn attention to the many fine qualities of
these beautiful Orehids. The length of time
their flowers may be enjoyed, either
growing on the plants or as cut blooms, make
them invaluable for decorative purposes in
dwelling rooms, indeed. few other plants are

CHRONICLE.

Marca 21, 1925.

better adapted to the decoration of large
rooms, as they have graceful foliage and
noble flower spikes.

Although there are some fifty species oí
Cymbidiums known, many of merit, they
ure of small account compared with the best
of the hybrids, of which upwards of one-
hundred.and.sixty have been recorded. No
plant has been improved to the same extent
in such. a short time by hybridists, and
the varieties. comprise almost an unlimited
choice of colours.

A careful analysis of the parentage shows
the predominent influence of C. insigno, and

from this noble plant many of the very
best varieties are descended. Although
C. insigne is, in some cases, considered
à somewhat bad grower, its progeny

is invariably of a most
growing nature.

When it is considered that these hybrid
Cymbidiums thrive in a cool, intermediate
temperature, there is no wonder at their great
popularity in these days of dear fuel.

The roots of Cymbidiums are thick, fleshy,
und freely produced; but not capable of
pushing through hard substances, hence the
plants should not be potted too firmly.

vigorous and free.

The receptacles should be provided with
ample drainage, filling them with broken
crocks to not less than one-third their
depth.

The compost should consist of fibrous

loam and rough peat in the proportion of
two of the former to one of the latter, in
which some broken crocks or bricks may be
mixed to keep the whole porous and open.
lt is advisable to remove the small, earthy
particles both of the peat and loam, and
for small plants slightly more peat may be
used, as, being more delicate, they appreciate
a slightly lighter compost.

When well rooted and in
Cymbidiums should receive
roots whenever they become dry:
at rest much. less. moisture. will. suffice, in
fact, if too much is given the roots will
decay, therefore. only sufficient is necessary to
prevent. shrivelling.

Re-potting is best performed some little
time after the plants have finished flowering
and the young growths have attained some
considerable size and are about to push forth

full growth,
water at the
but when

new roots.

These Orchids resent root disturbance, and
when re-potting is done sufficient rooin
should be given them to allow of two

years’ growth at the least, and as the plants
flower more freely when in a pot-bound
condition it is often advisable to feed them
with weak liquid manure to carry them over
to another season.

After re.potting, the plants should be
watered carefully, as an excess of, or too
little, moisture, may result in the loss of
valuable roots.

The plants should be shaded from the
direct rays. of the sun, and the syringe
-hould be used on the undersides of the
leaves to prevent attacks of red spider.

Although not attacked by many insect

pests, there is a small scale which sometimes
Infests these plants, and this needs to ከር
removed by hand-sponging, using a safe
insecticide for the. purpose--not too strong,
as the leaves are easily disfigured. At all
times Cymbidiums enjoy a free circulation
of air, and resent a close, stuffy atmosphere,
hut draughts must be guarded against.
There is no reason why these planta should
not be grown in gardens where no pretensions
are. claimed to Orchid growing, as they will
succeed under similar. conditions to warm

greenhouse. plants, provided they are shaded
from the sun.
Amongst the best and most useful of the

numerous hybrids are ('. Alexanderi, C. Castor.
C. Pauwelsii, €. Sehlegelii and C. Gottianum.

J. T. B.

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ዊጅ

NOTES FROM MAW-
2 TUNE.

E Me obtain is sii 30

ppsa- pittig. plantear is

hou pennis achiveln varpitad.-
DW: ፓኩሀ e 3

Fa" quUE c

coenitdtuie - ARE Gere Gj
Trio, Trees and Standard.
Rases, dj-

fine

“and ሠጩ

hiti we keii 8
SAER

We seed Aardiv.say these

trees? arc oad “af መቻ: ow

growing and wut an ported

fér ve-sale

1935.

4
— — — ——⏑——

- SCOTCH SEED | MOUSE |p |

ፍይ ማይ ፍታ ኤሚ ኤት EUR
ሙነ ካንዬ.” ደርቁ vae ue ኩን.

በመፍ ት ቱ ጅነ! ንን n
—— — —— — —

ያ
wi — JROE: —25 d Us ; " ኑን p
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5 ፥ ነ ኬያ ኢዳ ልዎ ታሽ: Me w^ ys ay dne 4). NY f * MU ^ - err —

ls E 5 —— | Ao ዲጋ: ን ረቅ, Sek vs PC 1 The Royal Narseres
‘ À | i PA muy — * € ^ ‹ j ^. L ም ጨን =
Vet ሕር — MEE. ነ MATDSTONE,

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ኒ HA Á ፉና “ሥረ KÄ & e ኣ AM PF > —“

AF +

for. QUALITY.

a 8.1. በበይ ከዙ" m Jew vends staged: at Hc hist ^
ረው the በጠል. exhiblis of Garden Prines ever seen iio
Reativnd 6880: hae አው ተውን 486 Highest: air rds; dneindine
“the tial: Medal ot the Reval Mrticiainit መዛዛሁቂፍ, OX
"ess éetiide a tly Fe vnam. Mir eda ipto ስር seins:
aW cxisEpnees o^
Mee Sica logi fed íór qu Hiena dk 496171. or ais h isi Swi git;
Pene, Abtirebitgros, iid all ades". TAN. More n
Pride ፈዘ8፡በ, We. Copii. Pro

AUSTIN 4. MASLAN,
| MITCHELL STREET, . GLASGOW:

-—

(x " — nay " A
Tm > ር ዒ
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—e e£ . — — UTD EDS — —
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(Egan 87 ህል —

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ር! v "English Gos —
LT ALPINE PU ms A
` Specialities ፡ Shee
mee ALPINE PLANTS” SUAE!
ኒ | አበ (Michaelmas - Daisies) |
is ORIN Te POPPIES 2o (3
: y eu NE e I 15.

A non-poisonous, anie. ure cand. easy cure.
Fe coder panim any 2 p

(| Dans. Seed | 64 Tal. አር: ር |
RAYNES PARK, LONDON, S. w. 20

b A — 7 RSONS ‘CHRYSANTHEMUMS |
የ ret መ ቁ " Ont Kovely List is now. ready, or General tàlogus. ':5%- -
supply qw በከር | አሠ Á "un Akal ve -አክበነ[8፪- the peweet: and. choicest: tarieties, . —2* ainsbi i.

: Hints on culture, alaa- ihe best varietisk in. Perpetuxi- |
ሰዮ ር] wn parked: hi sfowsring Carnations. Beut post irae 0ካ Tamed piv LABS

| | KEITH LUXFORD ይ go
EE — Nurseries, HARLOW, ር

"FOR. aun,” — — AR RATURAUING.
Mis. STANISTREET cà
i quung pluris. "propstiy
Nu tse rout ber puque tele fim: ak per
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fa Bree:
co. z

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507 PNE. Rhee ነየ" ወ 3e
SIL HERI maddy hanke ob melat
"wt. Abe: height. HE Mr TRUT

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sor ES ARUM dec arho qm mind’ 1868. the.

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COROT ገ SE MGE wu

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—

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m prions several?

ADU — —
ME 5ሀ. "Interesting, And Sugeest ive. . hoher “207
the nurap OF PIB ob iu
dn. ihe | togf .1ከ፪
Professor. T NT SEN

| መመፀህና ዘለላ! ሠ“.
A = BS "Part dd Are
egetation . Past: d. pean — [ራጩ

Tul oof inforniation ond. throws some. roas oy

tenes light upon: the difficulties we ,expetieneg -

sit some districts 16: ndesvonuring: 18. Cult

wit ti BUDES ክዉ ዝበ] pi. hee plenis 'ኳ1,ሀ:ከ:

hie come : ‘ta ae “frown ክር: Are tit: regione: —

. from high’. በ46(7ከ14108.. where ጸቪስር] ' መክበድ
. “ከ89”. ; conditions’ “preva Arion: ገክጩ፡› ባጁ:
V'assiape: HY TARO trequenthy kouw uu ስሪ
Des ደዬ E Pe 3. qiur idet
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202

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PUBLISHER, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
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of interest to our readers.

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select photographs or drawings suitable for reproduction,
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themselves responsible for any opinions expressed by
their correspondents.

SPRING FOLIAGE.

HE glory of Autumn tints in the garden
T has provided a theme for many able
pens, but Spring also has its wonders

and unique charms in respect of leaf colouring.
The young foliage of many herbaccous plants
holds—perhaps for a fleeting period only, but
the more precious on that account—-tints so
subtle and delicate that the finest colours
of permanently variegated leaves appear crudo
by contrast. In the rock garden, as well as

in the herbaceous border, spring foliage
cffects are worthy of more than casual
remark.

The Epimediums would merit warm affection,
though they gave us nothing more than the
inimitable tints of their young, expanding
leaves. About half-a-dozen species and
varieties possess distinctive foliage character-
istics, but all are lovely and as impossible
to describe as the elusive colours of shot
silk. Both E. macranthum and E. pinnatum
reveal exquisite shades of pink such as may
sometimes be seen on pearly sea shells, but
there are splashes and stains of fawn, bronze,
and amber, and the semi.transparency of the
shimmering young leaves give transformations
with every change of light and movement.
One plant growing at the base of a boulder
of weathered rock will reveal colours quite
different from another plant growing over a
carpet of the glaucous Acaena Buchananii,
but each will be delightful.

The spring variegation of Galega patula
Hartlandii is of & more pronounced character,
but the ivory whiteness which is thrown
into relief by the apple-green of parts of
the stems and leaves is extremely effective
in an environment of the average spring
greenery. Geranium argenteum is particularly
attraetive when producing its young, spring
foliage; it is as though the silver which is
to be the permanent lacquer of the leaves
is yet in liquid form, and a phosphorescent
radiance encompasses. the plant. The folded
leaflets and pubescent stalks of other
Geraniums, such as G. grandiflorum, G.
ibericum, and G. pratense are bathed in

rosy hues, and the young leaves of the
Heucheras are likewise charmingly tinted.
Tiarella cordifolia is never prettier than in

spring, and if Mitella diphylla and Tellima
srandiflora are grown they should be planted
where their spring dress, fresh and glistening,
may be fully displayed in the spring sun-
shine. Teucrium ክር0ኮ010018 variegatum
and maculatum aureum are both delightful
foliage plants in spring, and an almost gaudy

display of gold is made by the young
growths of Valeriana Phu aurea, a plant
which admittedly, later in the season,

becomes somewhat commonplace in appearance.
However, the latter charge can certainly
not be laid against Morina longifolia, which
in summer provides a noble display of
flower spikes unique in build and colouring,
but long before these flowers appear, the
fine radiating foliage, formidably but hand-
somely armoured with priekly spines, imparts

THE GARDENERS’

something of tropical grandeur to our
English Hower borders. The Cnicus tribe
similarly ornaments the garden with sumptuous
spine-clad foliage. C. conspicuus is a capital
plant for hot, sun-baked positions, and both
C. serrulatus and C. tartaricus spread their
foliage handsomely, whilst C. arachnoideus is
quaintly interesting by reason of the cob-
web filaments stretched from point to point
over the foliage. Acanthus spinosissimus 18
yet another of these fully armed plants, the
needle-like spines being white. The well-
known Bear’s Breach (Acanthus mollis) and
its variety latifolius, although plain green,
are so nobly handsome that they deserve
mention whenever foliage effects are under
discussion. Their dignity and beauty were
long since recognised by the ancient Greek
and Roman sculptors who used them in the
decorative schemes of their historie archi-
tecture.

Connoisseurs of choice alpine plants will
need no introduction to the incomparable
Shortias and NSchizocodons; the two are here
mentioned in unison because the charms of
both are so conspicuously akin, so out-
standingly distinct from all else, and whilst
in spring the successful cultivator enjoys a
bewitehingly lovely display of wax-like flowers,
the charms of the foliage go on and on,
changing as the months flit by. ‘True,
these gems demand skilful cultivation, but
no plants are more worthy of care.

The “prentice hand" of the beginner in
garden craft will be more at ease in handling
the handsomely mottled, free and easy
growing Pulmonarias. P. officinalis and P.
saccharata are most accommodating plants,
and in somewhat shaded situations, at the
foot of dull dark-leaved Laurels, along
carriage drives, and in confined town gardens,

the white and green foliage will create
cheery, light effects even before the parti-
coloured flowers appear in April or May.

Stachys lanata, with its thickly felted leaves
is always ornamental, but of white or silvery-
leaved plants there are many both for the
border and the rock garden.

Since January's departure, the young
growths of a good pateh of Œnothera
missouriensis (still more familiar under the

name O. macrocarpa) have gradually increased
in height and simultaneously assumed a
brighter red, whilst the margins of the
slowly unfolding leaves are of a decidedly
yellow hue. Thus in a state of utter im-
maturity, this patch has attracted much
attention and elicited many inquiries as to
what produces the beautiful colour. When
one comes to look around there are quite a
few similar instances of attractive colour in
very young, undeveloped growths, the
Paeonies particularly showing up brightly
even at a considerable distance. Soon the
Astilbes will produce a very similar
effect, although their young leaf-stems are of
comparatively slender build. Broad rosettes
of foliage issuing from some strong crowns of
Meconopsis Wallichii are not only elegantly
scalloped and fringed, but are clothed with
silken hairs of burnished bronze and golden
tints, presenting a picture that would be
fully satisfying even though no glorious
blooms of crumpled blue satin were lying in
store for midsummer. Newly sprouting
growths of Polygonum vaccinifolium are
delightfully beautiful, and P. affine (P. Bruno-
nis, as it is sometimes called) also yields its
quota to the garland of delightful early
spring foliage, and from the margins of
clumps of Phalaris arundinacea variegata are
rising new, clean, almost white blades which
are never more pleasing than upon their
first appearance.

Among small shrubs, the young growths of
Hypericums are of exquisitely dainty shades
of colouring, the margins frequently stained

with pink, and the green suffused with
amber. Veronica salicornoides, V. cupressoides,

and V. Hectori are of brighter hue in spring
than later, although the richness of their
golden tints in autumn deserve no disparage-
ment, Many Barberries, even including. the

CHRONICLE.

Marcu 2], 1925.

common Mahonia, are as lavish in their
decorative young foliage as they am late m
autumn with their wondrous varnishing of
the mature leaf, while the shrubby Spiraeas
are quite pleasing in spring with white and
red instead of the normal grecn leaves,

This article does not pretend to cover the
subject of spring foliage effects. It does little
beyond calling attention to a garden feature
that has not been laboured to the point of
superfluity, but which might well be kept in
mind when planning a garden or planting a
border. The judicious use of white-leaved
and glaucous-tinted foliage plants is always
calculated to enhance the attractions of a
garden, and intermingled with these the
plants which have colour in their spring
foliage will give a good ''curtain-raiser" to
the season's panorama of delight. Most of
the plants referred to may even yet be
planted, preferably from pota, to show some-
thing of their spring character, but, of
course, the finest effects can only be expected
from established and well-developed specimens.
4. J. Macself.

TABLE QUALITY IN JUDGING.

In deciding upon the merits of produce
at horticultural shows judges are influenced
immeasurably more by external appearances
than they are by internal excellences, thus
proceeding, in a sense, on a basis of those

who estimate the value of a man by the
clothes he wears. In the case of plants

and flowers no other method = can be
formulated which will be as satisfactory,
hut when we pass to the fruits and vegetables
a completely different proposition presents

itself for consideration and, if possible,
solution.

There are not lacking enthusiasts who
argue that since the true value of fruits

and vegetables lies en their table or food
quality no judgment can be accepted as
accurate or convincing unless the adjudicators
have submitted to them all such products

in the condition which they come before
us ordinarily for consumption, i.e, dessert

fruits raw and culinary fruits and vegetables
cooked. This proposal is fascinating in
principle, but it seems to be impossible of
practical application.

The principle may be accepted | unhesi-
tatingly as the correct one in respect of
dessert fruits, but it will then be found

difficult to apply. There is only one basis
on which judgment ean be reached, and
that is by flavour, and immediately the

judges are confronted by the differences in

quality which arise from varying cultural
conditions and the particular tastes or
fancies of individuals, which are often so
pronounced a3 to preclude agreement.

Nevertheless, while insisting that all dessert
fruits exhibited shall attain to a definite
standard of general external excellence, there
can be no doubt that finality of choice for
honours should be preceded by tasting.
Instantly another obstacle to accuracy bulks
largely. The judges have to decide in
turn the relative merits of exhibits in classes
for Cox's Orange Pippin Apple, Doyenné du
Comice Pear, a Peach, a Nectarine, white
Grapes, black Grapes, and a Melon, and on
these there may be an average of four
contestants in each class! What will ህር
the value of the palate in estimating flavours
when even only three classes out of the lot
have come under consideration ? The answer
is simple—Very little.

Apropos of this point, it is Mr. Peter
Veitch who, if memory is stable, tells of
meetings of Melon tasters whose mouths
were laved with liqueur brandy between
bites. There is, without doubt, a subtle
attractiveness in this plan which compels
its commendation. Two questions, however,
arise—Who supplies the liqueur? What will
be the state of the judges who, having
had fifty exhibits to taste, have suffered

204

THE

GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE.

Marcu 2], 19023.

eloud 'of scented flowers, beautiful in autumn

with its crop of scarlet fruits, and very
noticeable in winter with its intricate tracery
of branches against the sky. 2, Prunus
Pissardii one óf the finest examples of this
well-known tree which I have seen. (3),
Pyrus floribunda, a very shapely tree with
a broad, rounded head, once threatened
with death from Monilia but saved by

spraying for a year or two, just before the
buds burst, with Bordeaux mixture, now
showing green. (4) The double form of
Prunus Avium, which has had to be restricted
(much as one was loth to prune such a

tree) lest it jostled too much its dwarfer
neighbour. (5) Prunus subhirtella pendula.

The last, during the war, “went back" but
top dressings of good soil have restored its
vigour, and it bids fair to be again, as it
was last year, a thing of beauty worth a
journey to see.

The reading of a eulogy of Prunus Pis-
sardii in the “columns of The Gardeners’
Chronicle really induced me to write this
note, for nothing can be said too greatly
in praise of this tree in what I believe to
be its original form—the old tree, at Wisley.
There are others here not as good, as there
are others in many gardens. Your corres-
pondent refers to the variety Blireiana as having
semi-double flowers, but the old tree has
single flowers and never have I seen & semi-
double one upon it. It seems certain that
Prunus Pissardii has been raised many times
from seeds, and that many of the seedlings
fall short of the beauty and character of
the original, which may be propagated with
fair ease from cuttings. Its green type,
Prunus cerasifera, as every nurseryman who
has used it as a stock knows well, varies
considerably from seeds, and the many trees
here, which since the end of January have
been sheeted with blossoms, show a good
deal of variation in the flower, especially in
the breadth of the petals; but in this
character the old Prunus Pissardii sur-
passes them all, giving a round, saucer-
shaped flower with the deep pink of its
sepals shining through the white corolla—
very pleasant to see. Some of the seedlings
give semi-double flowers and P. Blireiana
and P. Moseri are excellent. Some have dull
foliage and some bright in spring and the
latter are the better worth preservation and
they are therein like their original parent.

Your correspondent (p. 147) refers to the
likeness in flowering between Prunus cerasi-
fera var. atro-purpurea and P. Mume, and this is
interesting, for the latter was put into commerce
as a variety of “ P. Myrobalana," a synonym of
P. cerasifera, although, indeed, it is an
Apricot and only distantly related to the
Cherry Plum.

May I turn to a remark in another part
of the same issue of Gard. Chron.,
where a reviewer expresses his belief that
with sufficient moisture Cistuses are more
hardy! Will he expand this statement
please. It may be that “wet”? is used ከሃ
him in a special sense, for while I must
confess that I have never attempted to
grow a Cistus in a bog or on the wet
margin of a pond, yet their structure and
appearance seem to say that well-drained
and even dry situations are those they love.
Certainly at Wisley, where there are plants
of Cistus laurifolius which were old when
the Society came here twenty-one years ago,
they are in a dry spot, and so is Cistus
corbariensis, planted in 1911 (it came safely
through 1917 without protection), perched on
a knoll of the rock-garden and of such
large proportions that its very vigour will,
[I fear, condemn it. F. J. Chittenden.

PRUNUS PISSARDII.

Tue Purple-leaved Plum is too well known
for its beautiful foliage during summer and
autumn to require any recommendation on
that account, but as it is an early-flowering
tree it deserves more attention. It is now
(middle of February) one of the most attrac-
tive of our trees, and a group from twenty

to thirty feet in height covered with their
fairy-like white flowers, with pinks stamens
and ruddy buds. backed by a plantation of
Cupressius Macrocarpa discovers an altogether
new beauty in an old friend. ‘Phe young
leaves are just pushing out from their sheaths,

and their bronze-green tints harmonise
perfectly with the blossoms, but are not

sufficiently advanced to hide them, and thus

the whole makes a charming picture. that
only requires to be seen to be admired.
During somo seasons bullfinches severely

thin the flower-buds, but this
owing to the mildness of the winter, they
appear to have left them alone, with the
result that the trees are earlier and more
freely flowered than uaual. A. T. Harrison,
Culzean Castle Gardens.

year. perhaps

A SELECTION OF AMERICAN
WILLOWS.

Dukina my long stay at the Arnold
Arboretum, from May, 1915, to September,
1919, I had a good opportunity to examine
the Willows of Eastern Asia*, and Professor
C. S. Sargent induced me, too, to make a
study of the American species and varieties
of this rather difficult genus. The results of
my investigation 1 set forth in a series of
articlest, and from the observations I made
I am convinced that there are among the
American Willows a great many valuable
and hardy species of which hitherto only a
few have been introduced into gardens of
Great Britain and the European Continent.

In this article I wish to draw the
attention of amateurs and gardeners to these
American Willows. Some have already been
in cultivation with us for quite a long
time, and they are mentioned by Mr. W.
J. Bean in his excellent book, as for
instance Salix adenophylla, S. Bebbiana, $.
candida, S. cordata, S. discolor, S. lasiandra,
S. lucida, S. nigra, and S. petiolaris. There
are, however, many other species which are
well worth planting in our gardens and
parks. I shall deal with them according to
their systematic position, beginning with the
rather natural group of the Pleonandrae,
including the four sections Nigrae, ‘Triandrae,
Pentandrae (subseet. Lucidae), and Bon-
plandianae. Besides the number of three or
more stamens, another peculiar character
these groups have in common are the pale
deciduous flower bracts of both the male
and female flowers.

Among the Nigrae which form a significant

section that is clearly defined from the
other sections in the New World and has
no affinity whatever to any group of the

Old World, the typical Black Willow, Salix
nigra, has been known in Europe since 1811.

It is an eastern species represented in the
west by S. Goodingi, a Willow frequently
met with in California. Both are tree

with

country, but

Willows in their native

* The Willows of Eastern Asia, Sargent, in Plantae
Wilsonae. 111. 40-179 (1916). ——

t A conspectus of Mexican, West Indian, Central and
South American species and varieties of Salix, in Bot.
Gaz. LXV. 1-41 (1918).—I. The species related to Salix
artica Pall, lc. LXVI. 117-142 (1918).—II. The species
related to Salix glauca, l.c. 318-353 (1918).— 111. A
conspectus of American species of sections Herbacecae,
Ovalifoliae and Glaucae, l.c. LAVIT., 27-04 (1919). - IV,
The species and varieties of section Longifoliae le.
300-340 (1919).—V. The species of the Pleonandrae Group,
in Journal of the Arn. Arboretum 1. 1-32 (1910).—VI.. a.
The species of the section Phylicifoliae. b. "The species
of section Sitchenses, Le. 67-07 (1913). —V 11. a. The species
ef the section Adenophyllae. b. Seet. Balsamiferae, c.
147-171 (1920). — VII]. a. The species of the section
Chrysanthae.. ከ. Sect. Candidae Schneider, l.e. 211-932
(1920).—IX. a. The species of the section Discolores.
b. The species o£ the section Griseae, Le. IE. 1-25 (1920).
X. a. The species of the section Fulvae. b. The species
of the section Roseae, Le. 65-800 (19020). XI. a. Some
remarks on the species of Section (Cordatae, b. Some
remarks on the geographical distribution of the American
Willows, l.c. 185-204 (1921).--ኤዔ11. በባ. A systematic
enumeration of the sections, species, varieties and forms
of American Willows. b. Some remarks on the hybrids
hitherto observed among the American Willows. c.
Analytical keys to the species of American Willows,
Index, 1. c. III. 61-125 (1921).

us S. nigra has, according to Bean and = my

own observations, rather the aspect of a
small, densely-branched N. alba which of
course otherwise ir entirely different. =>.
Humboldtiana is the South American repre
sentative of this group, and = probably” only
hardy in the warmest parts of western
England and the Atlantic coast of Europe.

S. Humboldtiana var. fastigiata seems to be
a striking form sometimes planted in South
American gardens.

Of the well known section Triandrae (or
Amygdalinae), S. amygdaloides is a hand-
some, hardy, northern species which, to my
knowledge, 15. still wanting in European
gardens. It becomes a higher tree than our
Almond.leaved Willow, and has thin, broadly-
lanceolate leaves of a bright shining green
on the upper side and a glaucous hue
beneath.

Of the Pentandrae section the species of
the New World form the distinct sub-section
Lucidae, although S. serissima may, perhaps.
be more correctly referred to the true
Pentandrae. This species is one of the most
interesting tree Willows, and was often
confused with S. lucida or S. amygdaloides.
until its characteristic features were recognised
by L. H. Bailey, the editor of the great
Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture—-in which,
by the way, the Willows are rather badly
treated —and later with more preciseness by
M. L. Fernald, the excellent botanist, whose
knowledge of the flora of North-eastern
America is unrivalled. Unfortunately he did
not pay attention to the forms described by
the Swedish monographer Anderson in 185s
and 1867, who was the first to deal with
the American Willows in a thorough manner.
Anderson’s S. pallescens (that has nothing to
do with S. pallescens of Schleicher, which is
a nomen nudum) is probably the same as
S. serissima. Unfortunately I have not
been able to examine the type specimen
collected by Bourgeau on the Saskatchewan.
It seems to be lost. Nevertheless, S. serissima
should be planted in our gardens. It is
easily distinguished from the well-known S.
lucida by its elliptic-lanceolate—not acum-
inate—leaves, which are glaucescent beneath,
and especially by its late flowers and the
very late ripening fruits, which can be seen
on the plant until August.

S. lucida is an eastern species which was
introduced to Europe long ago and is easily

recognised by its rather abruptly long,
acuminate leaves, which are very glossy
above and also pale green, not glaucous.
bencath. lts western congener, S. lasiandra,
has hówever glaucescent leaves at least in
its typical form that is often called S.
Lyallii by American florists. It js well

worth planting in our gardens, and certainly
much more handsome than its var. caudata
(S. caudata), which sometimes is regarded as

the type of Bentham's 8. lasiandra. This
variety is rather well distinguished from
typical S. lasianda, and it may be that a

good many intermediate forms are of hybrid
origin. The forms of S. lasiandra ought to
be introduced so that we may study them
in our gardens.

The collection of native Willows in the
Arnold Arboretum was a rather small one
while 1 was there, but since then the
Willows have been moved to a place more
convenient for them, and I hope they can
now be studied successfully at this classical
place.

Another section of the Pleonandrae group

restricted to the New World is the
- Bonplandianae, of which Ward’ Willow, 5$.

longipes var. Wardii (8. Wardii), a common
species of Missouri and Arkansas, was found
by Ward near Washington, the most northern
point of its distribution. It is the hardiest
form of a very variable south-eastern species,
and ought to be perfectly hardy even in
Central Europe, while the Californian SŠ.
laevigata, its western, counterpart, probably
needs the warmest parts of England to ከር
a success in the open. It sometimes becomes
a rather large tree.

MARCH 21, 1925.

— — — —— —— — — —

The next section, Longifoliae, I have to
deal with is one of the most interesting of
the New World. It occupies an isolated
Position in every respect, belonging to the
Diandrae group. Probably the European-
Asiatic section Albae not represented in
America may be most closely related genetically
to the Longifoliae. The type species S.
longifolia (S. interior) is a widespread Willow
of the central and north-eastern United
States and eastern Canada. It is found as
far south as the mouth of the Mississippi
in Louisiana, and the northern limit of its
range is the Upper Mackenzie region in the
North-west Territories. The northern forms,
which I refer to var. pedicellata (S. lineari-
folia), are of course quite hardy even in the
colder parts of Central Europe. N. longifolia
is not mentioned by Bean, but ] have seen
it several times in European collections. It
is often named S. fluviatilis, but this is
quite a different western species of the same
section. This is the same as the so-called
longifolia var. argyrophylla, a western form
belonging to N. exigua. The typical ጸ.
longifolia sometimes becomes a tree up to

twenty metres high. lta linear leaves
resemble those of 8. nigra, but they show
a very different, laxer nervation and a
distinct, rather distant, spinulose-toothing,

while the leaves of the Black Willow have
ዜ much denser denticulation and reticulation.
In both species the flowering aments appear

rather late on leafy branchlets. ‘The most
interesting species of this group from a
horticultural point of view are the typical

S. sessilifolia from Washington and British
Columbia, and the closely related S. argo-
phylla, Nuttall (not of other authors) from
Washington and Oregon. S. exigua, too, a
widely spread western species of extreme
variability, and the Californian S. melanopsis
var. Bolanderiana should be introduced and
tried in our gardens. Occasionally S. sessili-
folia becomes a small tree, otherwise these
species are shrubby. Like the Pleonandrae

the Longifoliae possess two glands in the
female flowers, and both the male and
female flowers have — one-coloured light

yellowish deciduous bracts. Camillo Schneider.
(To be continued).

FOREIGN CORRESPONDENCE.

TREE SURGERY.

14 “tree surgery," as we term it in
America, much practised by English horti-
culturists and foresters? The publishers of
my book, Practical Tree Repair, which has
to do with the physical repair of trees,
bracing weak limbs, and the treatment of
wounds and cavities, have asked me to
prepare a revised edition. For that purpose
I am anxious to know the results of
English experience.

The work is new and the only way to
judge the value of the various methods of
treating decaying trees is to collect data
as to their results. Such observations can
only be made years after the work has been
done and usually only when, by accident
or otherwise, there is an opportunity to
cut the tree up and actually determine
whether the operation prevented the spread
of decay.

One aspect of tree protection
American arboriculturists have studied
fully and in respect to which they

which
care-
have

changed many of their old practices, is the
choice of materials for painting the bark
wounds and pruning-cuts to prevent the
entrance of decay-producing fungi.

I have found Mr. A. D. Websters ከ008

of great interest and hope that other English
experimenters in this field will make available
their methods and opinions. I should be

very glad to receive letters from those who
have had experience in this form of tree
work, addressed to me at 683, Lakeview

Road, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A. Elbert Peets.

THE GARDENERS’

NOTICES OF BOOKS.
Modern Garden Problems.

THe Austrian Horticultural Society, which
has its headquarters in Vienna, is, in
common with other similar German and
Austrian societies, in the habit of holding
periodical ** Gardening Days," or, as we
should call them, “ Horticultural Congresses,”
in which the more serious part of the
business is enlivened by
nurseries or botanic gardens.

An account of the proceedings and the
papers read at the congress held in
September, 1924, has been printed and
made up into a booklet* with the title,

* Moderne Probleme im Gartenbau " (Modern
Gardening Problems). The various papers
read contained much matter of interest to
garleners; among others may be mentioned
the one read by the general secretary, Herr
Fritz Kratochwjle, on the history of the
society. It appears to have been founded
about the year 1827, and to have experienced
varying fortune; in 1861 the committee felt
itself sufficiently confident to erect a huge
building in the Parkring (Vienna) as the
headquarters of the society. This project,
however, proved a crippling financial burden,

for the money, or a great part of it, had
to be borrowed on mortgage, and many
years later part of the ground was sold,

the building pulled down, and another
erected of a more suitable size. Unfortu-
nately, the great war found these activities
still uncompleted, and the society was once
again plunged into difficulties even greater
than before. It is only now recovering
from the effects, not only of the war itself,
but of the after consequences—collapse of the
krone, etc.-—and it was only in 1922 that
the Journal of the society, which had been
published for the past fifty years, had to
suspend publication. It has now, however,
recommenced to appear, and, under a strong
and energetic committee and a capable
general secretary, the society is slowly
regaining its past vigour. A paper by
Herr F. J. Bohm dealt exhaustively with
the subject of tariff scales for nursery
produce, a subject of interest to all present
who were market growers.

The booklet is well printed on good paper,
with a coloured cover, and will form a
souvenir of the occasion to those who
attended the congress.

The Four Gardens.}

THOUGH not a gardening book in the
accepted sense of the term, this delightful
little volume breathes the delights and glories
of old-world gardens and old-fashioned
flowers. Apparently it is correct when writing
unorthodox gardening books to use the poor
gardener as a foil for fine phrases, and yet
old John of the haunted garden is not so
ignorant after all, for although his speech
be uncouth his utterances are knowledgeable ;
*gow dry and plant wet" is good advice.
A list of flowers that open and close at
certain times of the day, given on p. 765,
in “* The old-fashioned garden" would suffice
to make a floral clock. ‘The poor man's
garden" is a piece of fine writing and
shows how country folk love flowers, for
*the poor man also owns the wild garden
of all the countryside" and as a child
knew where every sort of wild flower grew.

The “rich man's garden" has as its theme
a simple child who longed for red Daisies,
loved to show convalescents from the Home
the glories of the place, did much good in
making people happy, and who was the only
person who really anderstood the rich owner
of the estate.

* Moderne Probleme on Garten, Verhandlungen der
Allgemeinen — Oesterreichisechen — Gartenbautagung, 1924.
Wien. Verlag der Oesterreichisehen Gartenbau-Gesellschaft.
in Wien.

ተ The Four Gardens. iv Handasyde; a new and
revised edition with four illustrations in colour by Mary
G. f Wilson. London, G. T. Foulis and Co., Ltd. Price
3s. Od. net.

CH RONICLE.

excursions to.

205

HARDY FRUIT GARDEN.

FOUR GOOD.FLAVOURED APPLES FOR
FEBRUARY AND MARCH.

ALTHOUGH the majority of the finest-
flavoured Apples are in season from August
to January, there are quite a number of
good flavour which will furnish a supply for
the remainder of the season. The selection
is by no means large nor is the flavour
quite so good as is to be found in certain
varieties in season from October to January.
There is, in fact, room for more really good
late Apples.

With the aid of an ordinarily good fruit
store, there is no difficulty in — these
varieties to perfection during the months
mentioned. One important point to be
observed with these late Apples is that the |
fruits should be allowed to «remain on the
tree so long as is reasonably possible. Lori
Burghley and Cockle’s Pippin -present no
dificulty in this respect, as they hang quite

| well until the end of October.

The four of which I propose to give
brief descriptions are very useful for the
months of February and March. The notes

regarding their growth and cropping are
made from observation on trained bushes of
these varieties growing on light soil at
Wisley. f

Cockle’s Pippin: Of rather weak growth,
and only a fair cropper. Fruit small to
medium, round, conical, regular, greenish-
yellow, faintly russetted; flesh yellow, crisp
and swect.

Lord Burghley: Of moderate growth, and
a good cropper. Fruit small to medium,
irregular, round-conical, pale greenish-yellow,
with a dull red flush on the side exposed
to the sun; skin slightly greasy; flesh yellow,
juicy, and sweet.

Duke of Devonshire: Of moderate 10
fairly strong growth, and a godd cropper.
Fruit small to medium, round, flattish, dull
yellow, and almost covered with russet;
flesh pale yellow, firm but inclined to ከር
rather dry. 1

Lord Hindlip: Of moderate growth, and a
fair cropper. Fruit of medium size, conical,
nearly covered with a crimson flush and
stripes, and netted russet patches. Flesh white,
crisp and juicy, but of a softer texture than
the preceding three.

Lord Burghley is, in my opinion, the best
of the four sorts and should be included
in every collection, being indispensable for
this period of the year. J. Wilson, Wisley.

WINTER MANURING OF FRUIT TREES.

GARDENERS should remember that different
kinds of manures have different effects on fruit
trees. For instance, applications of nitrogenous
manures tend to promote leaf and wood
growth; potash assists in the formation of
the fruit buds and fruit spurs; whilst
phosphates help to strengthen the blossom
and aids in the formation of fine fruits.

A dressing of lime is often of very great
importance, especially in the case of stone
fruits. Lime renders latent plant-foods avail-
able to the crops, and is valuable in sweet.
ening the soil.

Top dressings of organic manures are always
beneficial to fruit trees but their application
is not to be advocated in winter, but rather
bone meal, basic slag and a potash fertiliser.
For Apples. Pears and Plums a good winter
dressing to each. square. yard of surface
consists of two ounces of basic slag, one
ounce of sulphate of potash and one ounce
of nitrate of soda. The lime may be applied
earlier or later. Should the trees be more
than fifteen years old a slightly stronger
dressing than that recommended may be used.
At the end of march or early April another
dressing of nitrate of soda at the rate of
one to two ounces per square yard may he
given. Pomona.

— — ot. oe = * — ee EL t 7 Ha

rim sted. pH. 16 aliens. evens. acitbnnt" diee ichsctingr a
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.፡ን የሪ ንማ ምህ ፓፓ THE GARDENERS s CHRONICLE.. ው VES

p ROVIDES 277. Jer — D P We 1...

ABE for 94: cor 3 ከር e y

s ; T PROFIT. ey. : bute fo ibe 3
በህ). red, os x3

contributions, ||. Ree canes Pain EXPERIENCE aerat MERE Vane
| OF A MEMBER. pte ን Market deri —— it Florists i

KOVIDES. sor Aaea ta. wh £10; 415 or
ም ር D xt. ብበ, according. to: Scale. del

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- ROVIDES sse with a Savings Bank | wae mas esso |. Meat erip ie Milly explained 1. —— Dom |
ye * —* ‘Ove w ke, B iREBS..
። aoma grants from Distress md መ | Ye MIS CREDIT 1. row J puton Warren, Hone. iante ከው

valestent: Fende ጻ —— My, NA Frince, Paleaden Incep Gardens, Rorkitg, Sárfey, gr:
i E € umi, SECRETARY, d ALEXANDRA "ROAD, WEST, “KENSINGTON, Wa

@ .: DOUBLE YOUR SUPPLY OP -
VEGETABLES & FLOWERS RY SOWING
GIBBS’ PRIZE GARDEN SEEDS.

GIBBS: Prive ጾ።ፎርጳ5 diow khe Largest And Fiunt
irae, anml am CHE ABST IS THE WüRHhI.
twee PRIZE RW dies, Teta feste Te the
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raghas s GERMINA TIE

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Catalague of Prize Saaana niit Gurdén Buwis tot
Season 102A 48 noy read). “Write [or Four Wree Copt -
tralsy aa Tupxisabda vf e«tisDéd Hatdener: aredig,
Mote, Gold & Silver Medals, and 500 Bushels
£ of Masrowtat Peat 219699 owav m our 80፳ዐ(2፳)
Growing Gompetifion. -
T. O!RES, F.R. H.E The Frixe Sesdimun,
ለ87 የነዘርዘርጺየ፣ M K. Gerr $0,000 TS eatimioniais

For Spring- Planting.

“Phe itlussranon shove. shies: TATER of Glide erected by fixas & ይዚ! ia n z the Exéentors g ‘the —

~ We ure. able t. offer: “64 lie 3Seccice- E S Shosi Yu: 5:6 ጨለፍ we “wall: send | T: ህህ
| of 38 expert statt af; designers, ‘and - COMT espert. representutive. 40 psal | "t AN HON E: OW ATERER
are only too willing: 49 ania isk DE any. HARR 4611. ‘and prepare schemes. for | a |

beg to. aier

` STANDARD TREES —

A 1. c ode grest variety, 60651486፻ ot. De
i LIMES, PLANES, ELMS, E Bes

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'ዛ.25. MELON A cucUMBER- FRAME. PR A, de DE Chi: UY a BOUDER ERRAR E!

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Co WA Sodas, Aie - Taght - ፻፳ህ85 23.1] an) n ከ E ORI Egi Lisht XB. 0 ; Z

vor * 6 JH i “ቀንን "raten; 8 tip Lat, ling: Fights.
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E t 7 ሠ 5. 4r f Ca V2

: RHODODENDRONS, —— ቁ. i

ጄክ AP. HILL NURSER de
| WOKING STATION, SURREY.

We are’ — in capio "our. Erase ——— and: mir spere wre always a ES Ye ከ finest stock n ‘the wade 91. ies
QUERENS poo SEES nar Ta ላዊ bàn ME "sehen: ፡ ት አጋሞ ያር. AD 1 . .. named. varieties, Ske 6. and ES 8 Seats
T RHODODENDRONS: Seands ud CM ante
1 E —— T Y best named Varieties |< Age a. 8 iei
ጋሙ | hos Hardy“ Heaths in great Variety," da us ad
eld — | ፔዴዲ7ያፔሮኝ' pcs TA EN "es n ge Stock of general nursery — s
| sout FON NORWICH | A oe 2. "v RX& RA - NORWICH — Mae TNI Taimani pun appli, ^
DM n ird | : . madre 289 inepection, invited... es
DON OFFICE (35-137 QUEEN VICTORIA STEC le

| | Telegroms:! Boutique. Cent Londoa Telephone 4642 Cent

EE — — euenit mee ——

ዳርሴ SEES — * — oq dr ገል ከተሚ ፍዚዱ Eod A. CP, EE cals
:

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qi donem nne z — te 5 Bis Bee

The: Results oft a

ANSE መመመ ር Century’ S Research
“Genuine only. from DICKSON'S, HAWLMARK, BELFAST.

0088[ E'S PL ! : LAN TS

e rs Baul: Che ነፍስ B 85. 1|
11 dahlias, 90916፡, Violas, Hards Wer d ||
| bacéous and Alpine. Plaut shoul H-
consult. our Plint- — Post
IUE T nmn. 1 appli 411811. |

Mention this. Pus NE

DOBBIE ይ CO. LTD. |
| King! & Sesiune EDINBURGH.

1 cooPEms mdi
d TET — 7 “AB Y 5 k gest

eacus እከ. Lopid Pu and es

—— ARRA Puck esee. CI VAA U
Biles: P da dé 100. — ta mater, —— 1
UM 5፡፳- Eg fay 2 ži £2.28 ;
— “Bale የ” qs — 3 m

ARSENATE. OF LEAR PASTE VU EN

` for 4698. seil > Xa E ur

5 ios [0 i 15:4 wd 2f o & se. ee RA
: JM b ይመታ Vc CE
FUNGOID. DISEASES | —
| COGPENS. FUNGICIDE 45 1ጠ“ሪባ o]
deanx mixture ^is the recognised remedy —— Xs
2 CSnuply qux with cold wateg o >

— ዜብ: ይ taik 30.
——— HE W. መጨ 249. d

ች ን ነ aaa

We might: hak pur. seven > :8በ፪6ጅ have: nine even.
HERES. THE. REASON, Ahe five: Ape ጨጨ.
blades at. the- CNEA OT ‹ vevlve Sat zn pe
révalutions a a rude at: walking: pace; wich. — —
fa. cutting speed: efdogo 3. Aecand. - 31185 eliminates” 3
any tendeney te tib the. grase, ami ensures à —
SUE at al speeds: : "Phe: dyfnder itself xe 28:
| — ie cs ን ሰ fow oF 1፡81. ኒክም which

di dies innen: — its entire. Veena: |
the 227 *fi ጸ095፻(' Parent "m ater Cooled; Mane TUE Pi.
ታች Mower is: a gound engineering proposition, bee "s * ር.
as eut Eras quicker, ድ4ፊ፪፳፻, " Pettér and mor& feo. aN Br» :
nari ally. thee ever before’, © Results: have justified | D) costae i oak
“put: ‘policy, aid: ase oer the: “Cray 'érnür ' EDAS coo We i

ms ihe: haray Mater: Mower you can puis: X A DEA be ርሬ olé —
therefore: = EA Des v አይ the. — 2 ; DRE: A | ንንን. 1
SS Water Cooled | Governur.” zs — Os ch mete Ah i

፦

መዳህ "YY 4 ns seh RAN i 7” non sanaaa
— m 2867. SPP, ‘gratis ia AMATUS Ux
ኣመ — LAS TERI S v ዖን

Wills. COOPER & NEPHEWS. Li, |

ከች በሻው ለዉ

MOTOR LAWN MOWE RO
(WATER-COOLED) - DAMEN
Writes der diustrated Booklet to: Sole: ይነ pristors > ——
TOEN SH. AMI ORC SONS: WOLVERHAMPTON - ‘LTD. ጠጠዉ 16)
2 , WOLVERHAMPTON ^ Established: 1795. :
JEG per cwt.

WORMKILLER - E STOVE & GREENHOUSE PLANTS ዮም ae —
d "Basti Slag, ር 9.1 er ድ= CE dE ` — ied " - Aralas, Crotans, Caladiums, Deacsenas, ete. all | $ EXCELSIO Ry = 3
ro MH qur “ሯቢየ., e NTA of Siain, LUE * Anja ፳5: 15695 of Foliage, Flowering & Cimbiog — S g LAWN. FGOD . '-% -. WORMS RULER |
HEEL: 29:-— ጻ5ስ/ ከነኩ ' Ee 15:11, 29. . fupe Ew y E
—— or 14982: drei peyk 9 2» aA The targos and ጣጃ መዘ ስ] in the Trade, | — 1 jd. oe prine thy Ln — x
BE x — —— y i dS e per cat carriage. pai Wit e n *
2 od Me Le BROAN ጩራ PID part Xp m a ፻፪ 3 - DM .- *
Rives HECKRORDWIKE CHEMICAL - i9. 575... +e d R RUSSE 1፲5. ed: Lees Maaure anl ረ (0, “ሬህ |
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208

or the Sweet Pea? The problem for the
breeder is to find fresh blood somewhere.
Can, in-so-far as Potatos are concerned, Mr.
Me’Intosh suggest how it is to be done?
The breeder of the Fancy Pansy and the
Viola is in the same position. The new sorts
of these flowers, so far as l can judge, are
no better than the old favourites.

The Boards of Agriculture of England and
Scotland complain every season that old
Potatos, under new names, are sent to their
trials. These may be genuine seedlings and
these seedlings seem to suggest that further
progress along present lines is impossible.

Mr. Mce'Intosh states that ‘bud sports"
have been recorded—I would here interpolate
that there is no doubt on this point-—as occurring
in the Potato, but from the standpoint of
the systematic production of new types, their
occurence is too rure. He admits that selection
of tubers from high-yielding plants does not
seem to be efficacious for the purpose of
improving healthy stocks, and that sexual
reproduction affords the only means of progress
towards greater yielding capacity, increased
disease resistance, hardiness, and general utility.
Sexual reproduction did all these things at
one time, but that day has gone. It can
only return when fresh blood is found else-
where which will rejuvenate modern strains
of Potatos. Sexual reproduction leads nowhere

to-day.

Mr. Mc'Intosh refers to a “ bolter.” I wish
he had defined the term. At the present
time a “ bolter” is a factor in the evolution

of the Potato that deserves every investigation.
lt is a ‘distinct departure from the type, and
in many cases it is a decided improvement.
The ** bolter" from Great. Scot is an example.
Can science explain what a **bolter" is? 1
should like to know the ideas of some of
the cognoscenti on this point. If we consider
first-early varieties of the Potato the position
in regard to them is even more hopeless than
that of the second-early and maincrop sorts.
In order to be early a Potato must naturally
be a weakling. and the earlier it is the
weaker its constitution. What hope has such
a variety to-day in standing up against the
leaf diseases that are common to the Potato
now ? Does science favour the selection of a

“bolter " in the early types in order to
improve the stock? George M. Taylor,
Edinburgh.

VEGETABLE GARDEN.

BRUSSELS SPROUTS.

is no more useful member of the
family than the Brussels Sprout,
produce in the winter when
are more or less scarce.
One of its greatest assets is its hardiness,
no amount of frost seeming to do it much
harm. The sprouts growing up the stem are
well protected by the large, spreading growth
on the top, which should not ኪር cut off
until all the sprouts are gathered. Where
a regular supply of green vegetables has to
be produced all the winter, a good breadth
of Brussels Sprouts should always be
cultivated.

The seeds should ከቦ sown early in March
in a frame on a mild hot.bed, in fine soil
which has been saved from the potting shed

' THERE
Brassica
which yields
other vegetables

and mixed with sifted loam. | Sow thinly,
and water the seeds with a fine rosed
can after covering them with about a
quarter-of-an-inch of fine soil. Keep the
frame closed. and lightly shaded) until the
seeds germinate, then remove the covering,
and admit air on all favourable occasions,
the object. being to keep the young plants

as sturdy as possible. 80 soon as the plants
have made two rough leaves. they should. be
prieked out carefully into nursery beds in
the garden, placing them about four inches
apart. The beds should. be about four feet
wide, with nine ineh boards placed down
each side edgeways. Across these nail at

THE GARDENERS CHRONI CLE.

intervals laths to carry tiffany or old fish-
nets to afford the seedlings protection from
birds or late frosts. When finished, water
the young plants in and leave the covering
on for a day or so until they have become
established.

Most growers have their favourite varieties,
but it is interesting to grow more than one
sort, as they can be compared with one
another when cropping. Each variety should,
therefore, be correctly labelled.

By this date a site will have been selected
on which to grow them. Like all Brassicas,
Brussels Sprouts need a fairly strong soil,
which should have been dug deeply in the
autumn, but not over-manured, or the
sprouts will be large and coarse, more
especially if the winter proves mild.

In planting allow plenty of room between

the rows: in these gardens the rows are
made about five feet apart and early or
mid-season Potatos grown between them.
When the tubers are dug the soil is drawn
up to the stems of the Brussels Sprouts to
keep them firm at the roots. If the grower

does not wish to plant another crop between
them, Brussels Sprouts may be placed. a
yard apart, and a distance of two fect
or thirty inches allowed between each plant,
according to the variety. Plant each seedling
by means of a trowel, making the soil firm
about them, and water each row as it ix
completed. When the bed is fully planted stir
the soil with the Dutch hoe, and repeat
this hoeing at intervals to promote healthy
growth and keep down weeds. A little 801
may be drawn up to the stems with the
hoe when the plants are about half grown,
aud if the weather is dry do not hesitate
to give them a thorough soaking of water
once a week, but watering must be done
thoroughly, as driblets only encourage the
roots to grow near the surface, thus doing
more harm than good.

In rough, exposed situations it is advisable
to secure each plant to a stake, as Brussels
Sprouts yield far more sprouts of better
quality when kept upright than when allowed
to droop over.

Keep the ground between the plants clean
and collect all decayed leaves and take them
to the rubbish heap.

The ground will become hard on the
surface through constantly treading on it to
gather the crop, ¿and should be lightly
forked up about half way through the
picking sedson.

There are many varieties, some tall growing
nnd others dwarfer, with large spreading
foliage. These latter. should. be allowed more
space in which to develop than the others.
One of the best sorts is Dwarf Gem. The
sprouts of this variety. are of medium size,
firm, of a good colour, and ideal for the
table, and the plants are as hardy as those. of
the larger sorts.

Brussels Sprouts make a second growth in
the spring from where the original sprouts
were removed, and in cold, late springs
these secondary sprouts often prove very
useful ns a catch crop, therefore it is not
wise to pull the stems up too soon unless
the ground is required for some other crop.

R. W. Thatcher. Carlton Park Gardens,
Market Harborough.
ASPARAGUS.

IN order to grow good Asparagus the
ground should be drained thoroughly and
the ground well worked to a good depth.
Soil of a moderately light texture well

incorporated with plenty of decayed manure
as the trenching is being carried out will
suit. this most useful early vegetable.
One-year or two-year old plants are to be
preferred. to older. roots and. these. should be
healthy and planted so soon us the young
growths are visible and with as little ex-
posure of the roots and delay as possible.
Keeping the beds clear of weeds and top
dressing them with rich materials are im-
portant details of cultivation. Occasional

Manon 2i, 1925.

soakings of liquid manure in hot, dry seasons
are also beneficial to the plants. Cutting the
shoots too severely is very harmful to
plants in permanent beds and should not be
practised.

» Good varieties are Early Giant, Argenteuil,
Connover’s Colossal, Reading Giant and
Perfection. I would strongly advise growers,
whose old beds are on the wane, to sow
seeds of these varieties and raise a sufficient
quantity of young plants to meet the re-
quirements of a new bed, or to purchase
two-year-old plants and plant them early in
April. H. Markham.

Big Bud Mite on Black Currants and
Hazels.—My letter re big bud on Black
Currants (page 393 of last December) created
some interest; my object in writing was to
discover if others had suspected the Hazel
mite of being the culprit. The two first
letters did not help much by stating the
mites went under different names, for every

student of natural history knows how many
things that have been considered distinct
varieties have proved later to be identical

only under different environment. The letters
by Unit and A. S. Waller (page 15, Jan. 3)
were more to the purpose, and I think
show that tho subject is worth further
investigation, for it is little use applying
drastic remedies to Black Currants ዘ the
enemy is lurking in the Hazel, as I begin
to suspect. My attention was first called
to this subject in 1884, and J] had some
communication with the late Miss E. ላ.
Omerod. One of her letters is now before
me in which she identified the pest as
*Phytoptus ribis, one of the Arachnoidea
distinguished from the true spiders by the
peculiar form and lesser number of legs and
of the same nature as the Phytoptus which
causes the so-called Witch Knots or Birches,”
but Miss Omerod made no mention of the
Hazel. At that time it seemed the trouble
appeared to be chiefly a northern one, as I
had my specimens from Glasgow, Sheffield.
Paisley, ete., though Miss Omerod said she
had just found it in her own garden
(Isleworth). W. E. Harper, Basingstoke.

Familiar Plants of Palestine.—I regret the
last of the absorbing papers on ‘“ Garden
Craft in the Canticles" by Hilderic Friend,
has appeared in The Gardeners’ Chronicle. 1
had hoped that some gardeners, who, like
myself, served in Palestine during the war,
would have made some comments on this
entertaining topic. Had these papers been
published before 1917 they would have been
in great demand by the troops in the
Holy Land, especially among gardeners and
botanists and Biblical students. Many men
of & studious turn of mind carried books in
their packs, with which they entertained
themselves on the history of the land, and
not the least interesting were those books
dealing with the vegetation met with from
day to day. After months spent on the
arid Sinai desert the first sight of vegetation
in the neighbourhood of Wadi El Arish,
the Biblical River of Egypt, caused great
excitement, and one understood the joy that

the Israelites must have felt on their first
sight of the promised land. Botanists and
gardeners were doubly elated, for here was

something to break the everlasting monotony
of the desert. Numerous Fig trees fill the
bed of the Wadi, and along the coast they
are to be found in perfect health and
fructification, but not a drop of water do
they get from April to October. The moist,

sandy soil and the heavy dews keep them
in health. and many a party sallied into
"no mans land" at night to gather the
refreshing fruit. The Rev. Hilderie Friend's

learned reference to the Prickly Pear (p. 26,
Vol. 76), and later to Titus finding himself
n great perl on account of the hedges,

Maron 21, 1925.

THE

GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE.

209

brings back old memories. Before our
troops could take Gaza special ladders had
to be made to scale the impenetrable

thickets which surrounded the gardens there.
The Turk took great advantage of these
barriers, which were bullet.proof and practi-
cally shell-proof, their dug-outs often being
made under their shelter. The experiences
of the Spaniards and Indians, as quoted
on page 20, was often repeated during the
Palestine campaign, and many a British
soldier has unhappy recollections of these
obnoxious prickles. Near Deis El Belah, 1
recollect seeing the Prickly Pear planted
out in nursery rows, and in view of the
writer's reference to the cochineal insect, I

have wondered if it was planted for that
purpose. The fruit was gathered by the
natives and the prickles rubbed off in a
cloth. We used to skin them and eat the
luscious interior, but woe betide the man
who inadvertently put a prickle into his
mouth. It took days to get rid of. On

page 234, Mr. Friend refers to the difficulty
of growing Apples in Palestine. It may
interest him to know that at Richon le
Sion, a few miles south of Jaffa, the Jewish
settlers have some flourishing Apple trees.
l, personally, saw them bearing fruits, and
they resembled an orchard in England. The
phrase, ‘‘Strew me with Orange " (Vol. LXXVI.,
p. 234) is a happy one. None can forget the
glorious Oranges which, owing to shipment
difficulties, hung upon the trees until
blossoms appeared in spring, when we saw
fruits, flowers, and foliage upon the trees at
one and the same time. The encampments near
the groves were literally **strewn " with the
delicious scent. The Rev. Hilderic Friend sug-
gests the Oleander as the possible Rose of the
Bible (Vol. LXXVL,,p. 351). This beautiful
shrub is plentiful ; around Petah Tikvels
(Mulebbis), also further north in the Vale of
Sharon, and from a short distance the abundant
blossoms remind one of an English Rose
garden. ‘This seoms a more likely plant
than the Saffron. Some writers, I believe,
consider the Anemone to have beon the
Rose alluded to, and this plant is very
conspicuous in the Sharon Valley. Modern
Botanists would seem to favour the Saffron

as the “ Lily of the field." Near the sea-
coast at Gaza, however, a bulbous plant
with pure white flowers struck me as

possibly being the Lily of the Bible. 15 is

an Amaryllid, with six perianth segments
and a distinct corona; grows about two
feet high, and bears strap-shaped leaves.

Many men sent bulbs home; some, however,
I found, were sending bulbs of a species of
Allium in mistake. The white Amaryllis (?)
flower was so much sought after that any
plant with the least resemblance to it was
considered to be a prize. The Rev. Hilderic
Friend's allusion to the pruniug of the vine
reminded me of an unusual method of
pruning I saw at Jaffa. A number of Jewish
students were pruning a vineyard, and I
noticed they were cutting midway between
the nodes, and not close to the eye as we
do. I tried to find out the reason and
showed them how we did it in England, but
they were very emphatic that iny way was
injurious to the vino. Language difficulties
prevented me from getting at the real
reason for their method. Dean Stanley’s
ረብ and Palestine was a book much
sought after by the British troops, and
during our stay around Jerusalem its refer-
ences to the vineyards and Olive groves
were carefully studied. The Olive trees in
the Garden of Gethsemane were considered
by many to look aged enough to have been

there in the time of our Saviour. No
English gardener could travel in Palestine
without noting the ease wherewith the

natives grow our choicest fruits—the Grape,

the Melon, the Fig, and the Tomato. 1
saw fields of Tomatos, the plants lying on
the ground and = covered with fruits. The

writings of the Rev. Hilderic Friend should tind
a place on the bookshelf of all lovers of gardens
end of all Bible students. R. Gardner.

SOCIETIES.

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL.

Trial of Kales.
THE following awards have been made to
Kales by the Royal Horticultural Society

after trial at Wisley.
AWARDS OF MERIT.

Limpsfield Greens, sent by Mr. H. ROBERTS,
Oxted; New Sprouting, sent by Messrs. BARR
AND SONS.

HIGHLY COMMENDED.

New Labrador, sent by Messrs. BARR AND
SONS.

Trial of Sprouting Broccoli.

The following awards have been made ከሃ
the Royal Horticultural Society to Sprouting
Broccoli after trial at Wisley.

ር AWARD OF MERIT.
Christmas Purple Sprouting, sent by Messrs.

BARR AND Sons and Messrs. W. H. SIMPSON,
Birmingham.
HicHLY COMMENDED.
White Sprouting, sent by Messrs. DOBBIE
AND Co.

MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND
ORCHID.

Fripay, March 6.--Committee present: The
Rev. J. Crombleholme (in the chair), Messrs.
A. Burns, A. Coningsby, J. Cypher, J. Evans,
W. Giles, A. Keeling and H. Arthur
(Secretary).

AWARDS OF MERIT.

Odontiodu Grenadier var. Empire and Odonto-
glossum crispum Sunsct---From Mrs. GRATRIX.

Cypripedium Toy (parentage unknown).---
From S. GRATRIX, Esq.

Dendrobium variabilis, Bolholt variety (nobile
Cooksonii x< Thwaitesiac.)-— From Capt. W.
HORRIDGE.

3ROUPS.

S. Gratrix, Esq. West Point (gr. Mr. €.
Branch) was awarded a Silver-gilt Medal for

a group which included Denbrobiums in
great variety. A large Silver Medal was

awarded for a miscellaneous group of Orchids
staged by Mrs. Bruce and Miss WRIGLEY,
Bury (gr. Mr. A. Burns). A. HANMER, Esq.
Buxton (gr. Mr. G. Giles), was also awarded
a large Silver Medal for a group, a special
cultural award being granted to the gardener
for general excellence of the plants.

Messrs. J. CYPHER AND Sons, Cheltenham,
received a Silver Medal for an exhibit of
Orchids.

SPALDING BULB GROWERS’

At Spalding Corn Exchange, on Saturday,
February 21, there was a very fine exhibition
of forced flowers—the show being one open
to members of the Spalding and District
Bulb Growers’ and Market Gardeners’ Asso-
ciation. The judges considered the ‘Tulips
were not well grown; they showed signs of
having been forced too hard, the stems were
weak, and heads drooping. Daffodils, on the
contrary, were very fine, strong, and well-
formed.

The Silver Challenge Cup, given. by Messrs.

Parsons and Co., of London and Glasgow,
for the best. exhibit, went to Mr. O. W.
D'ALcoRN for a magnificent collection,
numbering forty different varieties. The
other awards were as follow :- -

Collection of Tulips in pots or boxes:
First, Messrs. J. T. WHITE AND SONS;
second, Mrs. H. F. Bares. Collection of
Tulips (six vases): First, Messrs. J. T.

WHITE AND Sons; second, Mr. F. D’ALCORN.
Collection of Narcissi in pots or boxes:

First, Mr. A. T. Royvoge; second, Mr. B,
BaxTER. Collection of cut Narcissi: First.
Mr. E. W. Jacoss; second, Mr. O. W
D'ArLcoRN. Box of a Trumpet Narcissi, tied
and packed for market: First, Messrs. J. T.
WHITE AND SONS; second, Mr. W. Groom.
Box of any other variety, packed for
market: First, Mr. G. N. WRIGHT; second,
Mr. B. BAXTER. Bunch of forced flowers,
tied for market: First, Mr. G. LAPPIN;
second, Mr. B. Baxter. Collection of forced
bulbous flowers, growing or cut: First, Mr.
O. W. D'ArconN; second, Mr. A. T. Royce;
third, Mr. B. BAXTER.

READING AND DISTRICT GARDENERS'

THERE was an excellent attendance of the

members, presided over by the President,
Mr. Frank E. Moring, at the fortnightly
meeting of this association, held on the 9th
instant. Instead of one lecture, ‘“ ten
minutes " papers were given by various
members, viz, on '*Arum Lilies,” by Mr.

E. Blackwell; *' The Best Six Apples," by
Mr. A. H. Fulker; ‘ Disease of Cyclamen,”’
by Mr. J. Young; and * Freesins," by Mr.
H. Reeves.

Excellent discussions followed the reading
of each paper.

In a competition for six heads of Seakale
for prizes presented by Mr. W. Chislett,

Bell Hill Gardens. Wokingham, the first
prize was gained by Mr, F. J. GREEN,
Aldermaston Park Gardens, and the second
by Mr. W. SAUNDERS, 81. Catherine’s
Gardens, Bear Wood.

In the non-competitive section, an Award

of Merit was given to Mr. G. CLARK,
Dyson's Wood Gardens, for seven dishes of
Apples; to the very fine educational exhibit
of Richardias (Arum Lilies), staged by Mr.
E. BLACKWELL, Foxhil Gardens, Reading ;
und to three very fine plants of Primula
malacoides, including Sutton's New Advance,
shown by Mr. F. TowNSEND, Hillside
Gardens, Reading. Mr. A. Priest, Reading,
exhibited a Parsnip which measured three
feet six inches in length.

GLASGOW AND WEST OF SCOTLAND
HORTICULTURAL.

LECTURING at a largely attended meeting
of the member of this Society on Wednesday,
the llth inst., Mr. L. B. Stewart, of the
Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, showed
by means of an elaborate series of lantern
illustrations the different systems of plant
propagation in operation at that institution.
He pointed out that the system adopted in
Edinburgh was quite different from that
followed in private gardens and commercial
establishments. There pure sand was used
68 a compost and they never took any
leaves off the cuttings. If the plants did
not want the leaves then they threw them
off themselves, and in the event of too
many leaves being lost, it was regarded as
an indication that there was something
wrong in the environment. Describing the
various frames in use, he stated they had
a sun frame, which was one frame inside
another, and plants were propagated at great
speed in that heat; | another frame was
governed by electricity and the third took
the form of a tropical propagating pit.
Cuttings were taken every month and a
record which was kept showed the best
months for each genera. Another point was
the temp. rature of the water used, which was
the same as. that of the sand in the frames.
Specimen plants of Camphor, Croton, Gypso-
phila, climbing Hydrangea, Cytisus which took
fifteen months to propagate; Rhododendron,
Beech, Cactus, Dracaena, Bamboos, Smilax,
ete, were shown on. the sereen in turm in
order to demonstrate the differences between
stem, root, nodal and internodal cuttings.
Examples were given of plants that possessed
a tendency to throw roots at an angle of

210

90 degrees, and as that formation rendered
potting difficult, he found that by putting
the plants in a pot to begin with, the root
system assumed a natural bend and growth
was more free and healthy. When referring
to the extensive propagation of Bamboos at
Edinburgh, mention was made of the interest-
ing fact that so many as 10,000 plants of
Arundinaria Fortunei were exported in twelve
months. Discussing leaf propagation, Mr.
Stewart exhibited examples of Coleus, Fig,
Rose, Paeonia and Acanthus, and afterwards
made brief reference to bulbous plants.
Commenting on Pinus, he stated that it could
not generally be propagated vegetatively, but:
it was discovered at Edinburgh that success
attended their efforts when the cuttings
were immersed in hot water so 88 to
remove the rosin from the cells and allow the
callous to form. At the close of the lecture
several speakers testified to the valu» of Mr.
Stewart's remarks and on the call of the
Chairman, Mr. T. B. Kerr, he was accorded
a vote of thanks.

Mr. Harry REID, Ruchill, a director of the
Society exhibited specimens of a new seedling
Rhubarb which matures carly in March out
of doors with no other assistance than a
little horse manure litter deposited on the
top of the crown.

ROYAL CALEDONIAN HORTICULTURAL.

THE ordinary monthly meeting of this
society was held at 5, St. Andrew Square,
Edinburgh, on February 3, Mr. Robert Fife.
president, in the chair. Dr. R. Stewart
MacDougall, F.R.S.E., delivered a lecture on
* Scale Insects: their Structure, Life-history

and Relationships," illustrated by lantern
slides.

The exhibits were ;--Cyclamen, by Mr. E.
kaco, Larch Grove, Balenio (awarded a
Silver Medal); collection of vegetables by

Mr. GEORGE Houston, St. Raphaels House,
Edinburgh ; Orchids, Sweet Peas, and Culinary
Peas by Mr. D. AkmstTRONG, The Drum,
Gilmerton, and Hyacinths by Miss DICKSON,
Edinburgh.

Obituary.

Marianne Baines.--We regret to
the death of Miss’ Marianne
eldest child and devoted helper of
Mr. Thos. Baines of Palmers Green, London.
Some of our readers will remember Mr. Thos.
Baines who was one of the most successful
cultivators of indoor plants of his time. He
was also a frequent contributor to our pages
and he wrote a book entitled Stove and
Greenhouse Plants which was for many years
considered a classic on this subject. In all
his literary work he was greatly assisted by
his daughter, Marianne Baines, who passed
away on the Ist inst. at the age of 77 years.

Geoffrey Carter Page.—It is with very deep
regret we learn of the death of Mr. Geoffrey
Carter Page, which occurred on Monday, the
16th inst., following an attack of double
pneumonia. Mr. Geoffrey Carter Page was
the son of Mr. C. W. Carter Page: he was
only twenty-three years of age, but ከበባ
already begun to take an active part in the
conduct of Messrs. Carter Page and Co.'s
business at London wall. He was a frequent
visitor to the meetings of the Roval Horti-
cultural Society and had become known to
a large number of horticulturists who. will
learn with deep regret of the untimely death
of this promising young man.

William C. Smith—We regret to announce
the death of Mr. William C. Smith, which
occurred at his residence, Cranford Cottage,
Aberdeen, on Saturday, the 14th inst. Mr.
Smith was for over thirty years gardener at
Cranford House, Aberdeen, and was highly
esteemed by the McHardy family whom he
served 80 long and faithfully. He .was de-
voted to his profession and very early in
his service won the confidence of the late

learn of
Baines, the
the late

THE GARDENERS’

Mr. David McHardy, under whom he served
for the greater part of his life at Cranford
House. He was ever ready and willing to
give advice to those who sought it, and his
kindly and courteous personality gained for
him a host of friends who will deeply regret
his death. Mr. Smith was in his 68th year.

TRADE NOTES.

THE following plants have been registered
with the International Bureau of Registration
of Horticultural Novelties connected with the
Fédération Horticole Professionnelle Inter-
nationale :—Cantaloup Melon named Muscat
de Lyon which has medium-sized fruits with
almost smooth skin; colour light green to
yellow; flesh red and juicy and of muscat
flavour. The vendors are MM. Rivoire, Lyon,
France; and Salvia splendens variety Perle
Blanch, a dwarf plant of vigorous growth,
bearing white flowers. This was raised by
M. Beghelli, Cannes, France, and is being
distributed by MM. Rivoire, Lyon, France.

Epward Buri, of Bulls Plant Food
returned, unopposed, as
East Sussex County

Mr.
Co., has again been
a member of the
Council.

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

BROCCOLI AND BRUSSELS SPROUTS DISEASED :
4. B. The disease from which your plants
are suffering has been identified as Mycos-

phacrella brassicicola. This disease has
been known for a very long time and
has, on occasion, been prevalent in the
Isle of Wight and Cornwall. The effect

of the disease ig shown by the fading of
the leaves and the production of numerous
and rather crowded, circular spots, of a
pale brownish colour, edged with green.
Later, the spots have a greenish appear-
ance and frequently appear as though they
had been sprinkled very lightly with ink
in the form of a very fine spray. So far
as we are aware, there is no known
remedy for the disease and it will there-

fore be desirable to grow all Brassica
crops so far as possible from the sites
occupied by diseased plants.

FURNISHING A LARGE PERGOLA: Westry.

A pergola of the description you give would
cover a run of about 450 feet and have
fifteen feet to eighteen feet cross-timbers.
It would therefore need plants of vigorous

growth to furnish it and the idea of
planting two plants to each column, the
more vigorous one to furnish the cross-

beams and the lees vigorous one to cover
the column is a good one. We suggest
planting Wistarias at about every fifth or
sixth set of columns and besides allowing the
plant to furnish its own cross-timbers we
*hould train a rod in each direction along
the length of the pergola till they finally

met. The appended list of plants in sug-
gested pair combinations are of known
vigour. The first plant (or variety) in

the cross
the

each case is intended to furnish
timbers and the second to furnish
columns :—Wistaria sinensis
Lady Caroline Neville, Forsythia suspensa
and Kerria japonica fl. pl, Bignonia
grandiflora and Punica Granatum, Jas-
minum officinale affine and Xanthoceros
sorbifolia, Jasminum nudiflorum and Exo-
chordae grandiflora, Periploca graeca and
Clematis Jackmanii superba, Aristolochia
Sipho and Clematis purpurea elegans.
Clematis montana and Clematis Imperatrice
Kugenie, Clematis montana rubens and (€.
Beauty of Worcester, Ampelopsis hederacea
and Chimonanthus fragrans, Pueraria japonica
and Ceanothus Perle Rose, Philadelphus
coronarius and Viburnum — macrocephalum,

CHRONICLE.

and Clematis.

MancH 21. 1925

Clematis flammula and Hydrangea scandens.
Vitis Coignetiae and Rose Climbing Mrs.
John Laing, Vitis humulifolia and Akebis
— Lonicera aurea reticulata and
nicera fragrantissima, Lonicera gigantea
superba and Lonicera flava, Actinidia
chinensis and Weigela Mont Blanc, Solanum
jasminoides and Ceanothus Gloire de Ver-
sailles, Vitis purpurea and Abelia rupestris.
Menispermum canadensis and Clematis Lucie
Lemoine. Roses :—Feélicité et Perpétue and
Alister Stella Gray, Hiawatha and Gruss
an Teplitz, Emily Gray and Gardenia.
American Pillar and Climbing Lady
Ashtown, Léontine Gervais and Lady
Waterlow. Excela and Paul's Scarlet
Climber, Tausendschón and Climbing Ophelia.
Albéric Barbier and Madame Bérard,
Crimson Rambler and Effective, Mdme. A.
Carriére and Aimée Vibert, René André
and Bouquet d’Or, Jersey Beauty and
Climbing Kaiserin Augusta Victoria, The
Dawson Rose and Zéphirine Drouhin.

HERBACEOUS BorDER: S. W. Fine coal ash
is useful for mixing with heavy clay soil:
as it tends to make the texture loose
and allow the air to enter freely. Its
use of light soils is not to be recommended.
A border for hardy perennial plants should
be well dug and enriched with manure
some considerable time previous to planting.
so that the ground will be settled in
position. When the plants are growing
vigorously and showing their flower buds.
applications of weak liquid manure or
some quick.acting fertiliser in solution
applied to the roots will prove beneficial.
With regard 10 a list of twelve good
herbaceous perennials that will flower over
a long time, there are almost endless
kinds and varieties, but twelve that may
be recommended are: Armeria Ruby, ruby.
rose coloured flowers, from June to Sep-
tember and growing about two fect high:
Campanula Telham Beauty, a most delightful
variety with lavender-blue flowers produced
in June, July, and August, height three
feet; Coreopsis grandiflora, Perry's variety
with | semi-double, golden-yellow flowers
produced from June to September, height
two feet; Delphinium Belladonna, with
flowers of a delightful sky-blue colour pro-
duced from June to September, height two
feet to three feet; Erigeron Elsie, a semi-

double, rose-pink variety. flowering con-
tinuously from July to September, height
one foot; Gypsophila paniculata, which

produces its snow-white flowers through the
whole of the summer, height three feet:
Helenium Wyndley, a yellow and crimson
variety attractive in August, September,
and October, height three feet; Heuchera
brizoides gracillima, with flowers of a rich
rose colour, the blooms expanding from
June to October, height two feet; Liatris
pycnostachya, a useful plant with crimson-
purple flowers produced from July to
September, height three to four feet:
Potentilla formosa, a species with Cherry-
red flowers, in bloom all the summer.
height one-and-a-half foot; Phlox Mrs. Van
Hoboken that produces its soft pink
blossoms in late summer and autumn,
height three feet; Statice latifolia, a
species with lavender coloured flowers that
are produced in June, July, and August,
height two feet; and Tritoma gracilis in
shades of orange, yellow, and scarlet,
attractive in,July, August, September, and
October, height three feet.

SCHIZANTHUS MILDEWED: ደ. T. The Schi-
anthus is attacked by a mildew, possibly
by Erysiphe cichoracearum. This fungus
may be controlled by applying a dusting
of sulphur from a fine muslin bag or by
a pair of sulphur bellows. In any case
both sides of the leaves should ከ6 dusted
with sulphur.

Communications Recelved.—A. G.—H. M.—H. F.
—G. H. H.—J. C.—E.8. R.—W. K.—Anxious.—S. M. S
—H. E. D. Mu A CHAR for 2 6 for R.G.O.F. Box).
—W. ላ. S.—L. R. A.—H. W.- Mrs. W.

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58. NM THEO

BUE RDENBRS CHRONICLE. —

| Maran. $1 ABE

Ps

SEED POTATOES. EF
ET Iba.’ a Iba, di ie. >
EU BPO 8
— fere
| ር Vo.

*WIRE TENSION ^
| GREENHOUSES

Sead for ርዳ We Y

JRON FRAME: :
5 | NO. ROOF PAINTING. NG PUTTY
2:2. | — PHOSPHOR BRONZE CLIPS -

Me. FLAT GLASS.
s i

Y x * 2738.

: jt lig fA ; PR Ans à UN
Sache Treg. aed on Fal Vash: M order V

: 84 for, list 4 eher Varie 516%...

I ጁ (8055. ያ 06 El b Bl Wed,

| 68 BOARD &- CO.
— & HEATING SPECIALISTS,

BRST Ok

3 — — PROGRESSES ያ:

trer TRIPLE”. —

miki [1
3 EROTLINE ME.
ፅዕከ81ጸ| wind aid actinal (ለበር ere)
m Ay in ihe cheng of hr —
ingredients to fitoduce these well-balanced በጨበበየ68.
... “HEY ARE. SUCCESSFUL. © ARRERA GM
ርህ] and Bec testimenjnja.: "Compare anslysia f
UICE ASK. POR: — SAMPLES:

Chouaüe, Ovchid« sni B | GARDEN. FERTILISERS.

hry h PE GNE 2 በይ. ^d. Serat-orgauic, to- 8.5 9:5 Organic. w
* yaérit — EE Suh is or tap dea 4.5.,0፡.. dig Yg- Busnes, 5 5,5 voy WM
| 5 Phos. 2:8 Pot. 1. TKS Phoe. 5:5 Pob. i
322 * ፦ * du * mo ae pewt. — ove | XE
1. i pda RARI. GLOVER ከ i e d

MARURE FOR- LAWNS, 90ኒሾ. GREENS. —
: ‘Lasting, nate, prodücer tiddk dark geb 00

| PRICE LASTS, — oe * |
d በይሃነርቫደ ሸቀ. ረ

` Orehard. Works; YIEWSLEY, anads.

ASTE —— p :
Finger Pets ie 582 wort,

MPa መቸ መድና

"| The Pots that Drain

verge BALLET S TS ——
ida Herion Waiewy ik የ
NY; “Manchester

THE: BEST jm
“CHEAPEST. |
| መጅ ርሽ ሌ1. POTS.
Fou Roses, Vinsa

"Fanky Fere Pars dnd
|. 75 Bub Beyris -
1. 5 NARA Id ashe.
No Waiting ! ኦላ፣
At Orders executed
(ከፍ 28ነበኛ day es
faceted, K

“ህህ Collection.
An the Best. in — 6. |

— ኒቷ፡ pasniity af የክክ mirà
Noui and — Garage ፻ነኋ entation, ür write.
fot Hingiimtied Price tist;
RICHARD SANBEY A SON. LTD.
Toyah -Peltiries,

BULWELI.: NOTTINGHAM.

: om NE w ILE USTRA TRED:
CATALOGUE. FREE.

We m" AOT.

t 88 Plant adi: CNY
s B Nn: -15977ከነ . ry ^
= = 22:2 dd [«፡ 6፡1 Hutte pe ».
፡ Shen POF lk piant. ii
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“Raples o] Wiss - pet Ten cde. One
M ade "GREENWOOD, - RB —
Bracknell, Hn M EE

md. RosES- |
p i dus Row. rome is ERA, n

bo | ASPARAGUS.” in
ሕር). ተፈር strong graded ሰፍ.

POUR Fas $9. Po = |
4. Oiler በ9" jor despasel when redy. ;
Thomas ‘Riven & Sen Lid, ፡

The ‘Nurseries -

——— x a apg ar KN

<< b CHEAL & SONS, lu, |
| The. c RAWL EY.

N urseries, |

. ህር00ሀ GALL’ S

INSECTICIDE | ' namene |
FUMERS. SHEETS

For. 1605. cubre. feet. - 3. Bor Énmigating 4000. cable
e 2000 7% de E ግሮ . feet 382. ch. Jm WI

| estoy — — nd ater Closshouse መጹ. ለን j v 1

. ^ * i $ 38 ns /2 . X

— —

SAWBRIDGEWORTH,. HERTS,
ይ. ር Ln ro Ee Re

th n 8:4 by; ~SEEDSMEN. ——
|RONMONGERNS, etc. <

— any

-መ => “ሙ--መሙ — — “፡” —

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a ete SS ሠዉ ከው ee
L 4 ፍፍ 7 ^ 5. á

| ከርዐዐህ6ልሂሂ & ROBERTSON, 1 Lid,

Weie (በ dui ading appiy 485 et a ን

ር ጋ .
ka * i elicere pipa d MP ttn hn vem — — — — —— MUR ዉ er CHRIST መሪው በዬ ወዲ o E — መመመ Sore — CASA ሲዲ ያቸው — Le ube
IM . — — — — — — — — — ——

RE HAMSTED; ያከ...

ites? at Mir YGS uer] s ሥነ ኔ

— —

Us ana:

at 14 :199ጢ

Garden Fertiliser |

THE BEST ON THE MARKET. —

Kitcher: ‘Gardens: or Herbaceous Borders: -
Ox ሮዥ፻., 1፳/=; dew: 8-28 ኮነ ቕን «t
per ton. E ፍ:ለ1፪88- Paid. PE

| ' ጊልዛዛዘ SAND AWD: DANY KILLER, ;
፲፻ This pre patatíón 811 be Ginral vere; PENSE tas tei:
"rifug the award: sud. eivpur sgluy At BY RAT

He s.

34 ) i Josse.

gone. LES
LAWN. MANURE.

| — for poir padece ewe >. ] SUPER dni

PORTES

| የዮ fx ity egal;

tbe avec

d as Ay ab ibas.
3 VATE tut hee Pak

AIC ite et Ja 8 fondi $

“WORM DESTROYER. aes

Jig Wb, RAW eS ete. 1
fee 48: me

መ መዓ ሥመ ሙ- >

DRIED. BLOOD MANURE.
fe dr — ደ5'-; o itis 4 (4፡-- ህጻ Pid.

- GREENHOUSE BLINOS.

(F material Found all coutid 310 ddowt:cetitre tor strong it.
'-. with eont webbing, -teady 1o Pe coer: CA MAHE t
1 ‘Ravers au. Fitriuge af end extta est, DUI

| | Eskuara aud sung 1165 nn Apvltation,

GARDEN. SUPPLIES. AT LOWEST. PRICES,

Writs, for but did of ardea Manurés ujui Hortieulturni +
... Samtriés. ያነ ዕን uppleration: ,

| HARPENDEN, HERTS. du

UE |. Colamh |
; b celos.

‘LEICESTER SEEDS.

quoduced- farn then

FONE Ts he grow "ege. quantities nf fending
oices de pape
est. pront oto
CUT hese- 59602. ane. equally Aulushle: Jar 4

etables . obtu Pesto
hich” ae othe

ይሺ ef oy
howe. dietis ©

nva gardeners.

zen Carmets and - moike 7... ከህ :
have ngt yet: usc 93. them)’. should. dau. their
orders . üs AGUA #5 posible POINT

S M. 86:98. ae tested, ሠ ተረረ
- 65 ከፈ 48 eppticui Th trade: supplied’:

a HARRISON ጨ SONS, er

Seed Growers. ‘LEICESTER. ት ል

CHRYSANTHEMUMS. :

Catalonie 4nd ‘Guides post Irae; rohina.
Best Up tosite: የ on. Poeun ከ. New OPUS 4.

My 4-988ና

of 1922፥ lor Exhibitors -

My ew 851. "genes
^Awnrda by the RAS p
New ‘Decorative - anis
48 all, 365. Farting att ጸይር te

pe anio
E. [M

qeventiys !
ate con

Dahllas, -Pexonmé 8/6925: danbfe-name å;
apd -single "in separate - golunre pR P me
colleetin , “of 350 Vereen Gene dt Silver, Aer,
‘Geasons. - x
.. Zanal- 'ጅ.(ኗ9፻) a, 1:0 3194 የተ: ‘ast NDA:
5 Violas, 19፡0 288188. and, Bedding, Vufictleg.

BU 'Varieties named - , Seotoh. ፻79. Jeg it nasi. PALA
Peá4 ein, Btoo 7

mH WOOLMAN, Shirley Birmingham |

RO. STABLE - MANURE. REQUIRED. | —
For: digging Wo ne as 4 topi dressing- Fór Jeon

ond ve a MS
do Fer 964» rdsrin mith ፲9 adi p | = : oe

| Sour Genfeing, ካለ ሲመ 198 4... | ሃህ other Mistures, ihe hest Manure for Lawns, —
ከ186 on! makang: and ireatmient ok- Tawas sue ce
Salem. ! Bort’ & Law Grass € 896910, GERI optem |
— ብባ * OBER: WAS 9r: dk Arc bbs sie X &

fine, "t detenta Pod $ f,

the: grass: aud- helpe the daw to fer i thet ፄ :
ats: HP. hard A^ Hie quoc PEACE G a

» he 60 are lenis Trees a — onse *

sath ፳6: tion gta 50 arjane 8,))- |.
bees PERUVIAN. GUANO.
Mt ር TAS በአቦርርህ3፤2 ss
M — ም on bo Ipsa Are: 4 furriagu Pent.

Sade ሐዝ) በ፪ size iron- 81819] y 94815 — hating 1-

WILLIS Bros. (፪ ARPENDES) Lid. 4

— parted
Ads [^

Eaton. EE javelve RANE:

Pangit |

THE:

|

| SPENCE’S SCOTCH SEED —

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—— ~ RS ብዉ — Maai Ve

~ On a Series of othar advertisements, 1
N they are ‘allowed. as

bene ©,

ች ሬክ — — — — — Fa iP oai X ሸየ pe tetur t

4

S Esentfeu Btobks. -

wre known hy Ale” aa enor class “of ende tne tuding Situutiotie. Vacant, ordinary. position,

Phausida- oF odr: ርህ5- ea

GARDENERS

TANNED GARDEN ws

ይጠዉህ Mesh, tor: feeds and Fruit —

* i ‘yard wide 8
RA Mab 5 አደባ wile ‹1ዐ፦

XP ከራ mt ; ee. ^ — 23 p : eR —— wy
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NU ^». oF x — "a ኣዊ : "E

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የን ሓጃ tagit sopptted. |
STOUT BLACK NETS

* yards: long: 4 aris wide * NIE on
4 "AN NS eu BOs 5 y 8 f^
Sok pe y SGSR att CIS Lea

dian. seas tyr: dame i e highs: * 9. rach, i “ao (owe የገጠ

#8. ši ROBIN: ON,

‘Garden ana ማለስ Net t Mois, RYE.

er WHAT POTATOSA ane you. PLANTING?

Diane 4 Board ዉየ Agricultura |
3ህእናኖጅ ዳጳ699:. Mun el ሞር.

9መዛህ። Capalogus. and Piala Growing Guide ያ].

_CHAS. T. SPENCE,
ከ8; DUNBAR, 5. |

GARDENERS? CHRONICLE.

: Seas —-—— — — —

“Scale of arges for Advertisements.

Adr éitisementa [በሠክከበ41: Tat. insertion iti the next, Jaane.
MUAT: réach THE ፻:8፲፲188፻8 ከ96. ከሺ x

V TUESDAY. 13 ame —
> Ordinary.” | የሠ fatter’
. positions. o " pt hack. cover.

(ME 0.
— E dC
3043 215-
S43 8 os B s
209 d
SMALL ADVERTISEMENTS.

11 Gee unbeateble..

9800.
0
0

——
E Page.. TE antes Ka av end [we dies

—“

. መክ ቃመ lohan

payable ei advenue —
pua 3 linea" (eot. 'exending. 20 18] 4 0
Ap Por le án h pen aii i Run. to. 8 poral alter 14 9.
— ah. — — —— s.
Per inch, ፀር፲ሠጆሠ 2 calonna, — ያን 55436. 0
" Fer. Mich. morods 3 በ[ኪ፲በ88. 5 MT “el A 6

FRONT PAGE {no display matters

Boe. line apace’ (headline, counted * gs A
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tar every: additional words or portion thereof.
(Advertisements at this Special: Rate are payable
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DISCOUNTS, 8:.

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; By GEORGE. E — Sia
- THOMAS HUMPHREYS |
CAN. IRVING with an —
AME tion © by Mise “GERTRUDE. ን
— JERYLL,. and 46 Colour Plates
5 2 R Mim 8. OWL saec
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2 42). ; qe. (plus gf postage).

TH purpose ef ‘the ከ665. is to
“5:0 gardeners jn laying. eut their
gardens. inam artistie- manner. having
; regard to the colours and: ‘heights: ot:

H the: various plants, 1ከ6፻. ‘flowering

(seasons, : and. growing capabilities:
| ፲ ከ676 375 5 006 entries and 50 coloured 1
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| GARDENERS CHRONICLE, m :

18s TAVISTOCK: STREET, -
COVENT GARDEN, ነፍ. ር. ፡.

"THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE

፲; | Horticultural Directory d ።

| Phe Hosticaltural Directory. is not being |
reprinted | this year,’ but a limited number o

1 copies. pf the asus Tae taza are: avail: e on
3 able E at ae. reduced pris eo !

.:28. post. Tree.
: R should: be — to. i 55
GARDENERS’. “CHRONICLE, LTD. be Qe
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GUETS MEDAL. the higbesr-amari obinable.

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ሎን ፈዳይ ee "
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5 ] ROR መባ | PREE ON APPLICATION. : Mes
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A "wien sig, phaser mats quantity : JOHN FORBES. (Hawick) LIMITED. ነ — G. MARSHALL ህ00ሀዳ0# NE I
DINE RR AN. 55 ሼያዘየ!(5 A MON, "RETO. s cT — — HAWICK. SCOTLAND: | :
— Dept. Ne. aur EIRTON, BOSTON: Binge: — l — AF who have the advantage | :
IM M በር ል — de TP of a-tropical or semi-ironical ፡ 7
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E «5 PN * | Bran bo ARI Pas sens j^ Ly J wee Clean, "wall grown nd thsp: alsa | 29 -copy of this. little: brochure. |
ፏ እ ከ. ተ አሉ m Mar መጃ እ - የ". ^s STOVE. AND GREEN QUSE. PLAN TS OF ALLE — dug. post. MEER
AA ^ S ARE ን ES ASU BZES | | indy send. tor Cafalegüe, 0°: “GARDENERS CHRONICLE, LTD.
apie | Bw veal Aamo] JAMES CYPHER ይ. SONS, Oe panicles wine Tendon, WA
fusco o — — .. Exotie Nurseries, CHELTENHA! ' — —
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OE iy — atherwist be besa: pare and. unattractive. corner: of the garden. Those’ wishing. PUE T
—6 cültivate them cannot do beer. than purchase the dade "book. whose. une ያ ወጠ TU mS
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Amo above. d van be obtained. drom z- o AIE ከረ ይ ES im
DI— EEG ው — i
ELE fs —
ae GARDENERS | CHRONICLE, ui, 5 , Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, v. ci 2. =-
= :፳1:..
E Inm i imi ስኞ Vtt.

Marca 21, 1925.

THE

GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE.

Xv.

SITUATIONS VACANT

Twenty words (or three lines including headline),

43., and ls. for every succeeding eight words (or

line or portion thereof). Fee for having replies
addressed, to this office, 18.

Advertisers desiring their Advertisements
repeated must give full particulars,
otherwise no notice can be taken of their
communications. Name and address alone
are insufficient.

Gardeners writing to Advertisers of Vacant
Suations are recommended to send them
copies of testimonials only, rotainin] the
originals. To pırt with origins! documents
means to run a great risk of treir being
mislaid.

When aiiressin] Box numbers, i is essential
to give the initials or p33udoayn, as well as
the correct number of the box.

MUNICIPAL AND PUBLIC.

MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES.

PPLICATIONS are invited for appoint-
AL ment as ASSISTANT INSPECTOR (temporary and
non-pensionable) in connection with agricultural and
horticultural education and research. Salary £150
per annum, rising to a maximum of £250 per
annum, plus Civil Service bonus, together with
travelling and subsistence allowances. "The present
bonus on £150 is £91 148. making present salary

£244 14s. per annum.
Candidates must be between 22 aud 32 years
of age, except that they may deduct from their

actual age any time during which they served in
H.M. Forces during the War. Preference will be
given to ex-Service men.

Candidates must possess practical experience in
horticulture, and should have taken a course in
science or agriculture or horticulture at a university
or at an agricultural college.

Forms of application can b» obtained from the
Secretary, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, 10,
Whitehall Place, S.W.1, and should be returned
not later than 2nd April, 1925.

DENBIGHSHIRE EDUCATION AUTHORITY.

A 15 Ee are invited for the post of
ya ASSISTANT HORTICULTURAL INSTRUCTOR
for the Lllysfasi Farm Institute, Ruthin.

Applicants must [033635 practical <E in gardening
and a knowledge of Welsh is essential.

The salary offered is £140 per annum.

Forms of application, together with lists of duties. may
be obtained, on the receipt of a stamped addressed
foolscap envelope, from THE DIRECTOR OF EDU-
CATION, Education Offices, Ruthin, and must ከ6
returned, together with copies of not more than three
recent testimonials, not later than the 3rd April, 1925.

6th March, 1925.

"'YYHE Worthing Corporation requires an

experienced UNDER-GARDENER for general
outside work in connection with Corporation Parks and
Pleasure Grounds; wages 65- per week and cycle
allowance.

Apply not later than noon on Tuesday, March 24th,
stating age and experience, with copies of testimonials, to

BOROUGH SURVEYOR,
Municipal Offices,
Worthing.

BERKS MENTAL HOSPITAL.

ANTED, SINGLE MAN, chiefly for

Pleasure Grounds and Kitchen Garden, age
to 26; wages 35/-, no bothy.—Apply, H. LAST,

Gardens, Berks Mental Hospital, Cholsey,
rks.

gas

ANTED, JOURNEYMAN GARDENER,
single, with good knowledge of greenhouse
and bedding pee Chrysanthemums, and decorating ;
wages 51/9, duty extra.
Applications, stating age and experience, with copies
of testimonials, to the SUPERINTENDENT, Parks
Department, Wigan, Lancs.

PRIVATE.

A. STEWARD wishes to thank the

e numerous applicants for the position of KITCHEN
GARDENER and to say he [88 now suited.

— —

GARDENER (RC) wanted;

YOOD
thoroughly experienced Inside and Out; boy
kept; wife assist in house if necessary; good
cottage with garden; good references essential; state

age and full particulars.—TOPH AM, Nunhold Grange,
tton, Warwick.

— — —

— መመመ — — — — — — — — — — — —

1{ARDENER wanted, Works W. London
and Town House.—Write, stating experience,
required, to Box 64, 5, avistock

salary . S.
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

Street,

ANTED, SECOND GARDENER ; single,
thoroughly experienced, Inside and Out;
good bothy, duty.—State age, experience, and wages
required, to E. A. PARKER, Rotherfeld Park
Gardens, Alton, Hants.

NARDENER, UNDER, for East Lothian,
i immediately, to look after Rose garden, annual
beds, herbaceous borders and grass lawns, one with
knowledge of bees preferred; 33,- per week, bothy
and coal—State age and experience, and send
references to Box 488, ROBERTSON & SCOTT,
73, Hanover Street, Edinburgh.

ANTED, FOREMAN for the houses;

gardener's recommeudation " 33;- ou veg ;
a

semi-market.—GEO. BECKETT, Kinmel Park rdens,
Abergele.
ANTED, experienced Pleasure Ground
FOREMAN, two under, must understand
bees and motor mower; ees duty every third
week, wages 38-—HEAD GARDENER, The High
Beech, Hollington, Sussex.

ee — —— — ee —À

pee GROUND FOREMAN wanted,
good all-round man essential.—Apply, with wages
P. Sandon all

required, J. FARR, Gardens,
Stafford.

ANTED, FOREMAN or good JOUR-

NEYMAN, take lead under ss. Vines,
Tomatoes; must be a good all-round plantsman ;
wages 35'- and bothy, duty 10;-; state age, experi-
ence. — FAIRS, Sanderste Court Gardens, near
Croydon.

WANTED, married MAN for plant and
fruit houses ; good plantsman essential ; cottage
and good wages.—W. GAIGER, The Gardens, Spring

Grove, Bewdley, Worcs.
ANTED, married MAN for Rose
Garden and Pleasure Grounds, with good
experience, willing to take lodger; wages 40j- week,
cottage and garden.—Full particulars family, etc.,
to 3. DINES, Downside. Leatherhead, Surrey.
TANTED, young married MAN for
Kitchen Garden and Pleasure Grounds,

Inside experience for duty every third week, 60;-.
age, experience, wages required, with Lodge.—

State
DOUCH, Thame Park, Oxon.

ANTED, MAN about 21 for Pleasure
Grounds; take duty; knowledge motor mower

or willing to EE a stating wages with bothy
and references, WHITE, Barton, Seagrave Hall, Kettering.

— —

ANTED at once, an experienced strong

MAN for Pleasure grounds, herbaeeous borders -

Roses, and rock walls; duty every alternate week,
wages 35'., bothy.—State age and ne with
copies of references to W. H. THRUSH, Gardens,
Sunnyside, Holmwood, Surrey.

ANTED, MAN, age about 28, experi-

enced for pleasure grounds, etc. ; charge of motor
jawn mower: wages 37/-, with bothy, etc.; 6/- for
Sunday duty every third week.—Apply H. COOK,
The Gardens, Foxwarren Park, Cobham, Surrey.

ANTED, PLEASURE GROUNDSMAN ;

experience of lawns, Shrubs, Roses, ete. ;
state particulars of experience, with references,
family, wages, duty every fifth week.—Apply HEAD
GARDENER, Queenswood, Hatfield, Herts.

MAN with experience
en work; take turn duty ;

ANTED, young
of kitchen gar

bothy.—WM. BROOKES, Nuthall Temple Gardens,
Nottingham.
ANTED, JOURNEYMAN for Fruit
(Inside); wages 385/-, duty paid; cricketer
eet et oe with full particulars, WwW. J.
ARL, The Gardens, Knowsley, Prescot.
ANTED, JOURNEYMAN with some
bothy

experience, for plant department ;
found.—Send particulars and references to C. HARRIS,
Welbeck, Worksop, Notte.

\ ANTED, JOURNEYMAN for Pleasure

Grounds, also one for Kitchen Garden.—Apply.
with copies of references and wages expected with
Soy to GRASS, Grantley Hall Gardens, Ripon,
orks.

OURNEYMAN wanted, experienced in

fruit and plant houses; state wages, with rooms,

vegetables; attendance given.—E. BRISTOW, Castle
Hill Gardens, Filleigh, Near Barnstaple.

ANTED, smart JOURNEYMAN, Inside,

for fruit range chiefly, age not under 20;
82/-, bomy, etc, duty 8'-.—Send full particulars to
E rion GLE, Hall Place Gardens, Tonbridge,
ent.

=

ANTED, JOURNEYMAN, experienced
Inside and Out, about 20; also YOUTH,
17.—W. BENTLEY, The Gardens,

X'ANTED, two JOURNEYMEN, one for

Inside, the other for pleasure grounds ;
knowledge of motor mowers pud ages not
under 22; bothy, etc.—Apply J. A. KIRKWOOD,
Sutton Place, Guildford.

“መ

NAN any Gardener recommend experienced

^ JOURNEYMAN to take charge of glass;
knowledge of Carnations, Chrysanthemums, Peaches and
Vines essential ; wages £2, without bothy.—EGGLETON,
Epping House Gardens, near Hertford.

— i DTE —— —

TRADE.

A FIRST-CLASS PROPAGATOR for Mid-
land Nursery; applicant, who should be compe-
tent to produce large quantities of alpines and hardy
perennials, must give fullest particulars as to experience,
etc., and wages required; a permanent post for a man
with modern ideas who likes work.—Box 146, c/o
STREETS, 8, Serle Street, London, W.C. 2.

ANTED, PROPAGATOR (for

plant nursery; only those well up and keen on

their work need apply. Also TWO IMPROVERS, state

wages expected and past experience.—T. CARLISLE,
Loddon Nurseries, Twyford, Berks.

working Rose and
FOREMAN, used to growing large quantities.—
Apply, giving age, wages expected, and copies of
testimonials, stating where experience was gained,
8. McGREDY & SON, Royal Nurseries, Portadown.

ANTED, young, experienced Nursery
FOREMAN, well versed in the care of orhamentel
stock in the nursery; also capable of superintend in
ornamental shipping department at delivery me.
imum wage 30 cents. per hour to start. Wages to
increase with proven ability. Immediate employment.
Complete references required and details of experience.
Write E. D. SMITH & SONS, LIMITED, Winona,
Ontario, Canada. Established 1882. l

i

Y 7ANTED, _ working general nursery
FOREMAN; must be a od ropagator
with a thorough knowledge of it in . and

, giving age, wages expected, with
original testimonials, which will be retumed: cottage
found for married man close to nursery JOU
BASHAM & SONS, The Nurseries, Bassaleg, Mon.

VV ፡..ቭ GROWER for Cues., Toms.,
Mums., otc. single man, apply stati age.
wages, refs. and when at liberty, to WHITEROD
Bygott Gardens, Cherry Burton, E. Yorks.

እካ. competent KNIFESMAN with

general knowledge of Fruit Trees, Roses, Shrubs
Forest Trees, etc.—Appiy, with copies of testimonials
and es wanted th free house and firing, to
MANAGER, Lissadell, Sligo.

xvi. THE GARDENERS’

MAN with nursery
experlence in budding, grafting, und general
nursery work, abstalner preferred; wages £2 96. OF
cs according to abllities.—SAVAGE & SON, East
m.

WANTED, SINGLE

V ANTED, YOUNG MAN for small

nursery, Inside and Out. State experience
and wages required —F. LANCASTER, 149, Tavistock
Street, Bedford.

AV ATED, a good MAN, used to digging
; and planting, and doing odd jobs in nursery.—

G. TAPLIN, Nurseryman, Leytonstone, E.11.

WY eee good SALESMAN, with spare
time to attend flower shows when required in
and near London; gardening experience not essential.—
For ful particulars; apply R. W., Box 26, 5,
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

ANTED, JUNIOR ASSISTANT, with

experience in a retail shop doing an all-round
bulbs, plants and sundries.—Apply with
particulars and wages required, A. ROWLES, 14,
Market Street, Oxford.

ANTED, in June, HEAD LEDGER

CLERK and CASHIER; good writer, accountant,
quick and accurate at figures, with highest refer-
ences ; rogressive situation to smart man.—E. W.
KING, Seed-grower, Coggeshall, Essex.

WANTED, ORDER CHECKER in pack-
ing department of hardy plant nursery; please
state age, experience and wages required.—C. S. B.
Box 54, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

QLORIST, YOUNG LADY wanted, good
^ galeswoman, live in, state salary and reference.—
A. STRATTON, 4, Gordon Street, Luton, Beds.

SITUATIONS WANTED

Twenty words 28., and Gd. for every succeeding

eight words or portion thereof. (Advertisements at

this special rate are only accepted direct from

gardeners and nursery employees.) Fee for having
- replies addressed to this office, 18.

— ELDER — ——M

|

PRIVATE.

EAD GARDENER or ESTATE BAILIFF,

The Right Honourable Lord Calthorpo confidently

recommends Advertiser who held the above joint

osition upwards of 13 years, as thoroughly competent

in both capacities and of high character.—Particulars

from H. STOWE, Grosvenor Road, Handsworth,
Birmingham.

"T'HE RIGHT HONBLE. SIR ARTHUR

HARDINGE thoroughly recommends his HEAD
GARDENER, F. CAPON, where two or three are kept,
all-round experience, married, 2 children, 8 years’
reference, 64 previously.—Apply TURNER, RUDGE &
TURNER, Estate Agents, East Grinstead.

A.

HARBERT, Esq, Agent Blenheim
Estate, highly recommends T. BIRKINSHAW,
Blenheim Gardens, Woodstock, who is seeking re-
engagement as HEAD GARDENER, thoroughly
experienced and reliable in all departments; choice
flowering trees and shrubs and landscape; flowers,
fruits, and vegetables, management of labour. marketing
surplus produce.

YARDENER, HEAD. highly recommended,
seeks re-engagement, life experience, good manager,
successful exhibitor, nearly six years here, age 42,
married.—S. J. CHILDS, Preston Hall Gardens, Maid-
stone.

EAD GARDENER, first-class experience

in good, all-round gardening; excellent long
reference from ተሰ employer as Head; interview if
necessary.-—BOLTON, Ystrad, Carmarthen Town.

(1... HEAD, where several are
kept; or would undertake the management. of a
small estate; life experience in all branches: excel-
lent references from present employer, 4 years, previous
10j.—C. E. LAWRENCE, Dean Wood, Newbury.

(4 ARDENER, HEAD, highly recommended,

competent in all departments, gained in good
establishments, including Brocklesb
disengaged March 31.—ÉRIC GOODEN,
Maidstone.

and Belvoir, age 36;
Preaton Hall,

NARDENER, HEAD, desires re-engage-

ment, first-class practical experience, married, no

family, highest references, —2ERKINS, 37, King's Drive,
Wigston, Leicester.

ARDENER, HEAD of two or three, or

SINGLE-HANDED, life experience in all branches,

ex. refs., age 27, married, no children.CH. HARLING.
St. Paul's Cray Hill, Kent.

EAD GARDENER, of 3 or more, life

experience, Inside and Out, age 37 years, married,

one daughter, age 4 years.—W. WYATT, Chilton House
Gardens, Near Thame.

( Y ARDENER, HEAD, seeks re-engagement ;
X for fourteen years Head Gardener to the late Earls
of Jersey, Osterley Park, Middlesex, seven years with
recent employer; Diet references for abilities and good
management in all departments, hardworking, trust-
worthy.—HAWKES, Culworth, Banbury.

Hà» GARDENER (Scotch). 23 years’

experience in large private places, desires post,

excellent references, recommended by nobleman, married,

ከ1 family, south preferred—AUSTIN, Ferndean, Cove,
asgow.

aie ome — — —

R. A. D. BRADFORD highly recom-
iVi mends his HEAD GARDENER, present position
as Head 12 years, 27 years’ experience good estab-
lishments, age 42, 2 children grown up, skilful cultivator,
good organiser and manager of staff.—Garston House,
near Watford, Herts.

(ENE HEAD or SINGLE HANDED

seeks situation; life ence; married when
suited; cottage required s. ERN iT. 17, Oottage
Grove, Surbiton, Surrey.

EAD, or good SINGLE.HANDED, life

experience in all branches, Inside and Out, last
4 years Head of three; highly recommended b
employer; excellent references previous; e 39; married,
two children. State wage.—F. SCARLETT, Kirkby
Overblow, Harrogate.

NENTLEMAN confidently recommends his
Second Gardener as HEAD WORKING, life ex-
rience all branches, Inside and Out, early and late
orcing, keen, ambitious worker, used to controlling
labour, 3j years present, splendid references, e 33,
married, no children, please state wages.—E. BRYANT,
Purley, Reading.

YARDENER, HEAD WORKING, gen-
tleman confidently recommends his Head Gar-
dener, 6 years in present employ as Head, married,
one boy, age 14, life experience in all branches.—
G. COOK, Skeffington, Near Leicester.

(3 ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, seeks
J. re-engagement; life experience in all depart-
ments: marketing of surplus produce and the
general management of a good establishment: 7 years
Head, age 40. married —K. W. L.. Box 56, 5. Tavistock
Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

{ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, seeks re-
engagement, life experience Inside and Out,
including fruit, flowers, vegetables; age 37, 3 years
resent Head, one child.—-GREGORY, Broadwell ‘Hill,
Moreton-in-Marsh, Glos.

YARDENER, HEAD WORKING, of
several, thorough practical experience all branches,
Inslde and Out, gained in good establishments; last place
12 years as Head; disengaged, oring to sale of estate;
highly recommended; single.—G. SIMSON, 25, Lime
Walk, Headington, Oxford.

W STODDART, Esq., highly recommends
e his HEAD WORKING GARDENER where
four or more are kept; 15 years’ practical ex-
perience in large establishments, 2 —— in present
situation; leaving through property belng sold; age 31,
married, nó family. — P. SLOANE,
Gardens, Tudor Road, New Barnet.

Tudor House

.ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, seeks
: re-engagement, keen, energetic, trained in first.
class establishments, thorough knowledge all depart-
ments; age 38, married; excellent references. EYRE,
Ranby Hall Gardens, Retford, Notts.

CHRONICLE.

Marcn 21, 1925.

(14 ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, expe.

rience gained in good establishments, including
Luton Hoo, Old Warden Park, Halton, age 30. highly
recommended, married when suited. — EGGLETON.
Gardens, Woodhatch Lodge, Reigate, Surrey®

EAD WORKING GARDENER, life ex-
perience all branches Inside and Out, including

Orchids, management of stock, electric lighting:
excellent testimonials—WHITING, 34, Bushey Road,
Sutton, Surrey.

ARDENER, HEAD-WORKING, of 2 or

3, or good SECOND, thorough life experience in

good establishments, 5 years present Head, married, no

children, age 37, well recommended.—G. TANTRUM,
Shaw Hill, Melksham, Wiltshire.

YARDENER, HEAD-WORKING, where
two or more are kept, life experience gained in
first-class establishments, 7 years present place as
Foreman, married, one girl age 9, good references, age 37.
H ረ OL TUNE: Shendish Gardens, Kings Langley.
e 4

— — —

MB: COLE highly recommends J. KEITH

ሐ. as HEAD WORKING GARDENER where two

or more are kept, life experience, excellent references.
e 34, married, two children, disengaged.—c;o MRS.
ONEY, Ufton Road, Sulhamstead, Near Reading.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, life ex-

perlence, married, one child 13; good references;

— , estate sold.—J. BUNDY, Grange, Farnborough.
ants.

— —

YARDENER, HEAD WORKING, life ex-

rience Inside and Out, previously Outside

and General Foreman; good refs., age 36, married-

one child.—F. T. L. Box 60, 5, Tavistock Street.
Covent Garden, W.C.2.

— ኤኢ ——————— —ñ — —ñ ñ —ñ ‹ — M—— À— —— -

NARDENER, HEAD WORKING, in
Oxfordshire, requires situation where several are
kept; age 49, married. no family; good manager ; life
experience , highest references; also bees and poultry.—
W. R. +» Box 58 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, seeks
re-engagement; life experience in all branches and

the management of a kood. establishment; thorough!

recommended ; — present place as Head; m $

ago a — STEVENS, nell's Gardens, Lyndhurst,
ants.

Y ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, or
SINGLE-HANDED, all-round experience, in-
cluding rock garden and electric light; married.—
B. E. W., Box 57, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

YARDENERS SUPPLIED.—Heads, Fore-

men, Journeymen, etc.: all well trained.—
Apply JOHN WEATHERS, British Gardeners’

Association, Isleworth.

The Gardens,

ARDENER. C. NORMAN,

Ns Keswick Hall, Norwich, requires situation.
ብ or otherwise, thoroughly recom-
mended.

(155 t SINGLE-HANDED, or with
XA help given, seeks situation, age 35, married. two
children, life experience. good references, state Wages to
J. TRAYHERNE, The Cottage: South Lodge, Iver
Heath. Bucks.

A ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED, 13} years

experience, excellent references; married, two
children. age 34.—R. O. Box 50, 5b, Tavistock
Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2.

3ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED, requires

situation, good references, wife willing to help iu

house if required.—H. BROOKS, Crocknorth Cottages.
East Horsley, Surrey.

ARDENER, disengaged, SINGLE-HAN-

DFD, or otherwise, 36, 18 years’ experience, good

refs., married later on. hard of hearing.—H. BU N.
14, Standen Road, Southflelds, S.W. 18.

ዛ ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED, or other-

wise, age 25 yeurs, married, good experience,

Inside and Qut.—W. SOWDEN, fea Farm Cottage,
Garston, Watford, Herts.

Marca 21, 1925. THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.
ARDENER, SINGLE - HANDED, ‘or ARDENER, experienced, pleasure grounds,

KITCHEN GARDENER, age $34, married, one
child, good references.—Address, HILDITCH. Overbury
Cottage, Alton, Hants.

WORKING, experienced,
vines, Peaches, fruits, flowers,
married.—W RIGHT, Gardeners
Essex.

( YARDENER,

፳፪ all-round mau,
vegetable grower; 48,
Cottage, Stangate, Steeple,

SECOND or SINGLE-

HANDED, 27; cottage for widow mother.
Please state wages: good refs.; now in Surrey.—
C. J. 4, Box 39 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

( Y ARDENER,
X

N R. H. LLOYD, The Gardens, Tewin
4 Water. Welwyn. Herts, confidently recommends
S. WILMOTT as SECOND GARDENER in good
establishment, thorough experience Inside and Out;
age 27, married when suited. Please state wages

ARDENER, SECOND, seeks situation,
take charge, Inside, or Inside and Out, life expe-
rience fruit and plants. 5 years present situation,
well recommended, age 35, married when suited; home
counties preferred.—W. CROSS, Ridgemead Gardens,
Englefield Green, Surrey.

A DVERTISER, single, aged 34, life ex.

rlence, seeks situation as SECOND GARDENER

org Lead on Pleasure Grounds; good general ex-

perience, Roses, Shrubs, Alpines, Herbaceous, etc.:

previous experience as Lead; excellent references and

well recommended. — T. HUSSEY. Heythrop Village,
Chipping Norton, Oxon.

ARDENER (UNDER) seeks

kitchen garden or pleasure grounds ;
motor mower; married, age 37; resent
134 years; leaving, estate sold.—EDWARDS,
Lodge, Farnborough, Hants.

— — — — — — — — — — መሙ

D EE seeks situation, ex-

Ponos Inside and Out. single, age 25, good
refs., bothy preferred.—BROTHERIDGE, 3, Woodside
Cottages, Leavesden, Watford.

situation
used to
situation

Grange

TNDER-GARDENER seeks situation, ex-

/ rienced Inside and Out, age 22, well recom-
mended.—A. PITKIN, 18, Chesham Terrace, West
Ealing, W. 13.

N R. W. GRAYSMARK, Pury
À dens, Dorking. Surrey, confiden recommends
H. TURNER as FOREMAN, Inside, age 28, married, no
children, life experience, excellent refs. from first-class
establishments.

———— — —

Hil Gar-

‘ITUATION required as FOREMAN Out-
Kk side; well recommended. 3) years present
situation —A. R. BEAROCK, The Gardens, Dunham
Hall, Altrincham, Cheshire.

ne — — — — —

NOREMAN, Inside,
first-class establishments including Ottershaw Park,
Moor Park, and Bury Hill Gardens, past 2 years here,
as above, excellent refs.. age 31, married.—BULLI-
MORE, Gardens, Banstead Wood, Banstead, Surrey.

OREMAN, Inside or General, seeks
situation in good establishment, experienced Vines,
Peaches, Carnations, Begonias, and the usual plants
grown in large place, decorating, married on obtaining
same, well recommended.—W. J. LUFF, Dunerlane
Gardens, Tunbridge Wells.

YARDENER desires position, to take
charge or good Foremanship, fully qualified in

all branches ርየ SE. e excellent references;
single, age 30.—HUGHES, Gwilym House, Taulsar nau,

Merioneth, Wales.

S MABBITT, 8, Council Cottages. Henlow,
ኑ Je Beds, age 19, desires situation, Pleasure or
Kitchen Gardens. highly recommended by E. Bur-
bidge, Head Gardener, Henlow Grange, Beds.

ITCHEN

well recommended; age

suited.—J. H. H. Box 61, 5,
Garden, W.C. 2.

GARDENER, life experience,
92, married when
avistock Street, Covent

ITCHEN GARDENER, first-class practical

experience. desires re-engagement, highest testi-

monials, married, no family.—Apply R. LEWIN,
Brinklow, Near Rugby,

GQ ITUATION required as KITCHEN GAR-
KJ DENER and ardy Fruit, 6) years present
situation; well recommended by Head Gardener, age
24, married when auited.—W. MORRIS. Oakly Park
Gardens, Bromfield, Ludo, Shropshire.

experience gained in

kitchen garden, motor mower, scythe, excellent
references, married, age 34, two children, state wages,

with cottage, to W. G. STEVENS, c'o G. Humphrey.
Stocks Cottayes, Tandridge, Oxted, Surrey.
AN, age 38, seeks situation, Kitchen

Garden, lawns, handyman, refs—J. GALE,
15, Mortimer Crescent, 8t. John's Wood, N.W.

ARDENER, where several are kept ;

12 years' practical experience ; age 30, married,
no family.—E. W., Box 53, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

MARTIN, Buchan Hill Gardens, Crawley,

eJ e Sussex, will be pleased to recommend YOUNG
MAN e 21, for Inside and Out; 2 years here; strong
An ng.

I SHALL be very pleased to recommend a
strong, willing, yo man, age 21, as JOURNEY-
MAN, in the fruit or plant houses.—W. J. MURPHY,
Inwood, Templecombe.

OURNEYMAN, First, Inside, age 23,
desirous of change, seeks re-engagement in well-kept
establishment, ex. refs, southern counties preferred.—
a: THORPE, The Gardens, Downside, Leatherhead,
urrey.

ብጣ

OURNEYMAN, Inside, seeks situation, 6
e years good experience in fruit and plant houses;
recommended, age 21.—S. BLACKMORE, The
Gardens, Sutton Place, Guildford, Surrey. .

—

2

OURNEYMAN, 23, seeks situation, Inside,

or Outside, 7 years’ experience, good references,
gi to pay own expenses, at liberty.—E. JACKSON,
2, Belgrave Terrace Banks, Guernsey.

ሓብ

ታታ... 19, seeks situation Inside,
6

years good experience, highly recommended;
bothy preferred.—R. THOMAS. Allestree Hall Gardens,
near Derby.

OURNEYMAN, Inside, age 19, 4 years

experience in plant and fruit houses under
Foreman. well recommended. Please state wages,
with bothy.—CROUCH, The Gardens, Banstead Wood,
Banstead, Surrey.

ብጣ

OL. The Hon. GEO. HERBERT wishes

to recommend young man, age 18, as
JOURNEYMAN, Inside.-Apply THB BAD GAR-
DENER, Knoyle House, Salisbury.

OURNEYMAN or IMPROVER seeks

situation, Inside, 3 vears Inside, 2 years Outside;

age 19}, good references.—J. SMITH, No. 24 St. John's
Street, Devizes, Wiltshire.

—

— — — መ ው

EDWARDS. Staplefield Place Gardens,

e Hayward's Heath, Sussex, will be pleased to

recommend N. RUSSELL as IMPROVER or JOURNEY-
MAN, Inside, 4 years’ experience, age 19, bothy.

—— —— —— — — — — — —

MSIE 18], seeks situation as IMPROVER,
Inside, or Inside and Out, bothy preferred, well
recommended.—Apply E. MILES, Gardener, Fox Hill,
West Haddon, Rugby.

OUNG MAN, a 19, seeks situation,

Outside, IMPROVER, 'bothy,] 4 years' experience,

ood references. —A VENT, Manor Cottage, Limpley
toke, Bath.

proves seeks situation, Inside, or
Inside and Out, four 1j experience, good
reference, south preferred.—C. E., Box 51, 5, Tavistock

Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

MPROVER seeks situation in Kitchen
Garden or Pleasure Grounds, willing to learn inside
work, age 18, two-years-and-half in last situation, good
references.—JOHN BRABNER, Didmarton, Badminton,
Gloucestershire.

OUNG MAN seeks situation as IM-

PROVER, Outside and In, 2] vears' experience,
good references, age 19.—F. HART, Old Court, Whitney-
on-Wye, Hereford.

MPROVER, 18}, Inside and Out; 4 years’
experience, chiefly outside; bothy; well recom:
mended.—B. SKINNER, Gratcley, Andover, Hants.

7OUTH, 17, keen, anxious to learn some
knowledge, seeks post, Inside or Out, under
foreman, —WILLIAMSON, Scawby Brook, Brigg, Lincs.

xvli.

— —

TRADE.

TURSERY MANAGER desires situation ;
pu thorough practical knowledge of the production
of first-gradé plants in quantity; 20 years’ experi-
ence, methodical, good controller of labour,
and energetic; able to take full control of nursery.—
HORTUS, Box 25, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

4 DVERTISER, 25 years’
ፊ general nursery trade, desires I a Set as
WORKING MANAGER or MANAGING REMAN;
Florist, exhibitor, salesman, travelling, correspondence,
Suns ር references. —BLACK BOURN, Clive House,

wick.

experience of

MANAGING FOREMAN, practical
of Toms. Cues., Chrysanths, —Arums, cut
stuffa in large quantities, outdoor crops for market;
good references; used to large amount of glass; single;
state wages.— WOODS, c/o Mrs. Patchett, Golf Cottage.
Burfleet, Lincs.

grower

ኑ

N ANAGING FOREMAN, nursery, expe-

rienced Vines, Tomatoes, Chrysanths., bulbs.
bedding stuff, general cut flowers, Inside and Out,
recommended, age 54.—FERNS, St. Michael’s Nurseries,
Park Hill, Streatham Common, 8.ኝኛ.

OREMAN, Nursery, Cues., Toms, Chrys.,

life experience ; sgo 38; cottage preferred ;

good references.—X. X. x 63, 5, Tavistock Street,
vent Garden, W.C. 2.

G ROWER, for many years holding respon-
ጃ sible position in large establishment seeks
engagement; accustomed to producing in quantity
Grapes. Cucumbers, Carnations, Chrysanthemums ;
knowledge of glasshouse erecting and markets;
could start new business.—J. PETERS, 8, Jesse
Terrace, Heading, Berks.

ELL-EDUCATED NURSERYMAN wants

a place in office of landscape-architect, willing to

give services free.—D. P., Box 49, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C.2.

"OUNG MAN wants work, understands
; Mushroom growing and Mushroom spawn making
for markct.—D. 8., 9, Choumert Square, Peckham, S.E.

Y ENERAL. WORKMAN (Nursery, Garden,

or Farm) desires employment; state hours and

wages.—NURSERY, Box 62, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, London, w.C. 2.

CLIMBING PLANTS

By WILLIAM WATSON, late
Curator of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

———M

s delightful book, quite unique

in its subject and treatment, is one
of the best in the ever-popular “ Present-
Day Gardening " series. Its eight lovely
coloured plates alone make it a book to
treasure, and the information it contains
cannot be obtained anywhere else, for
Mr. Watson's knowledge of the subject was
unrivalled.

. Price 5/6 post free.

GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, LTD.,
5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2

O business can succeed without ad-
vertising, which is its life-blood. A

clogging of the physical arteries means
death; to cease to advertise is to kill
one’s business by slow starvation.

Z RDENE BS i ር 'H RO: N 1 CLE.

—

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.OUGHBOROUGH,

Morie Builders and. Heating ‘Engineers,

LONDON OFFICE: . 122, VICTORIA STREET. WESTMINSTER, SWA:

Experience extending. oyer- “more than x
“Half: 4 Century enables us fo include |
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THE GARDENERS

CHRONICLE

MARCH 28, 1925

SALES BY AUCTION.

Wednesday Next, April ist.
TRADE SALE OF

GLADIOLUS, JAPANESE LILIES IN CASES,
HERBACEOUS PLANTS, also BEGONIAS, LILY-
OF -THE - VALLEY, SPIROEAS, PAEONTES,

ANEMONES, etc.
Quantities of

ROSES and FRUIT TREES,

together with consignments of

BAY TREES, PALMS, ASPIDISTRAS,
RHODODENDRONS, and BOX TREES.

from the Continent.
ESSRS. PROTHEROE & MORRIS,
will sell the above at their SALE ROOMS,
67 ani 68, CHEAPSIDE, E.C.2.
Catalogues post free on application.

N.B.—In the week ending April llth the TRADE
SALE will take place on TUESDAY, APRIL 7th,
instead of Wednesday as usual, owing to the
Easter Holidays.

KENTIA BELMOREANA SEED
from Lord Howe Island.
Ves PROTHEROE & MORRIS
will sell by Auction on
Tuesday, April 7th,
20 bushels of the above Seed in cases of one
bushel each. Just to hand in fine fresh condition;

algo a few thousand seeds of Kentia Canterburyana.

Catalogues post free on application.

BUSINESSES FOR SALE.

ESSRS. PROTHEROE & MORRIS,
Horticultural Auctioneers and Valuers, 67 and 68,
Cheapside, London, E.C. 2 (Established over 90 years),
have the following Properties for disposal, and will be
pleased to send fuller particulars on application.

, SOUTHAMPTON nelghbourhood.—Attractive freehold
Fruit and Flower Farm. Area 4 acres, of which
24 are planted with the best varieties of Fruit

specially built

or offer.

GROWING.—
well-known

Greenhouses
Price £53,500
FRUIT

offered in

rees and = Bushes. 2
for growing Carnations.

MARKET GARDEN AND
MIDDLES EX.—Partnership

business. Capital required £2,000.
HEREFORDSHIRE.—For Sale. Singularly attractive
Fruit and Market Garden. 100 acres. Gentleman's

Residence, delightful situation. Possession Michaelmas.
CAMBS (Wisbech area).—Freehold Orchard 384 acres
comprising 24} acres Apples and soft fruit, 9
arable, 5 pasture, or would be divided into three
convenient lots. each with Dwelling House. Price
for whole, including all Crops, £4,300 or offer.

SURREY.—An old-established Nursery Business situate
— l4 miles of a large Residential Town,

compreng about 600 feet run of Grecnhouses,
mostly heated. Good brick-built Shop fronting
Main Road, Bungalow and four Cottages. Total
area of the Property is about 10 acres, in two
sections. One section is planted with about 300
Fruit Trees, all in full bearing. Price Freehold
£4,500 or offer.

DEVONSHIRE. Near Excter.—Frechold
acres, double fronted house, 7
houses and buildings. Price as ዜ
2,000 guineas.

MANAGING DIRECTOR required for an

Nursery, Landscape Gardening, Seed and Florists
Business jn well-known Seaside Resort in South
of England. Large scope for further development.
Unusual opening. Capital required £2,000 to £3,000.
Applicant with commercial experience and know-
ledge of the business preferred.

WEST OF ENGLAND.—Freehold Carnation and Cut
Flower Nursery. 13 Greenhouses, dwelling house,
and buildings. Price £2,500. Personally inspected.

SURREY. — Well-known
Nursery $ an arre.
Greenhouses, etc. Low
reason for disposal,

property 3]
rooms, 3 glass-
going concern

inportant

residential suburb. Small
Good dwelling house. 20
rent. Price £550. 100d

UBREY & CO, Nurserymen’s Agents,

06, Newgate Street, London, E.C.1, offer Freehold

Nursery 30 miles from London, comprising 5 acres,

Dwelling House, 7 rooms, main water, over 100 fruit

trees, 3 glasshouses and outbuildings. Price only £1.050,
complete with stock. Re 'asonable offers consider d.

A UBREY & C 'O. offe r small Nurs ryman's,
: Fruiterers'". Florists’, and Seed Business. market
town, Oxfordshire. Large Shop and House in main
street with § acre garden, fruit trees. glasshouse, ete.
Low rent on lease. Price complete. £240.

PLENDID OPPORTUNITY. — Nursery,
Manchester; 300 [feet glass, heated: 1,200 yards

bedding plants,
rent £16 5s.—
Covent Garden,

land, out buildings, well stocked, ferns,
jobbing connections, poultry; £450;
. Ts Box 52, 5, Tavistock Street,

PROPERTY FOR SALE.

DOR DISPOSAL.—Near large and rapidly
growing town in Herts, valuable nursery and
market garden, seven acres in extent, about one-and-a-
half acres under glass; canal wharf, buildings, ete.—Full
rticulars from HUMBERT & FLINT, Land Agents.
atford, Herts.

BUSINESS CARD.

AMES BACKHOUSE, ፻.፲..8.. ፻.ጅ.፲1.8,,

for many years Chairman of the late firm of James
Backhouse and Son, Limited, having retired from York,
offers his services as GARDEN CONSULTANT: 30 years’
experience, specially in connection with Alpine and
Herbaceous Plants; advice given for Rock Garden
construction and planting, also for permanent flower
borders, boundary plantations, eto.—Address for terms to
Caer Fegla, Arthog, North Wales.

NOTICE;

——— መ

M5. N. PEGLER, F.R.PS.,
Retford, Notts., would pay for
attractive

Grove Street,
opportunity to
Within 50

Photograph in subjects,

Colours
miles radius.

EXHIBITIONS.

County Borough of Southport.

THE SCHEDULE for the Second
GREAT ANNUAL

SOUTHPORT
FLOWER SHOW

is now ready.

The Schedule contains a List. of Judges.

The 23 Silver Challenge Trophies,
The Medals, and Cash Prizes offered
represent à total amount of

over £2,900.

"paces 15 feet by 10 feet will be provided
inside the Show Ground for Exhibits of
HORTICULTURAL SUNDRIES

at £5 per space.

Schedules and Plan of Show Ground showing the
positions for the Horticultural Sundries exhibits
may be obtained post free on application to the

SECRETARY. FLOWER SHOW,
TOWN HALL. SOUTHPORT.

Taunton Deane H. & F. Society.

TAUNTON
FLORAL FETE

Wednesday & vt Augus 12 ደ 13

OPEN CLASSES.
MEDAL AWARDS TO TRADE EXHIBITORS

spaces should be booked at once.

NOW READY.

SCHEDULES

On application to:
The Secretary, F. J. J. STACEY,

3, Hammet Street, Taunton.

Spalding and District Bulb Growers’
and Market Gardeners’ Association.
The ANNUAL |

SHOW OF DAFFODILS

will be held at the
CORN EXCHANGE, SPALDING,
On Thursday and Friday, April 16th and 17th.
OPEN CLASSES FOR NEW VARIETIES.

Also TRADE STANDS
by any Nurseryman and Grower.

For Schedules apply to the Secretary,

HERBERT W. QUINCEY, 14, Pennygate, Spalding.

PLANTS, &c., FOR SALE.

Small Classified Advertisements. Twenty words
(or three lines including headline) 48., and 1s.
for every succeeding eight words (or line or part
of a line). Fee for having replies addressed to
this office, 18.

per inch, or 108. facing editorial matter.

Displayed advertisements, 8s.

ERNS!
Crotons,

CALADIUMS ገ EUN Palms,

Dracaenas, Gloxinias, Hydrangeas,
Geraniums, Ericas, Lilies, Ferns and How to Grow
Them, ከሃ J. E. SMITH, 3/6 post free—SMITH,
London Fern Nurseries. London, S8.W.9.

100, 00 LARGE GARDEN FERNS.

100, variety; wanted 1,000
large A spidistras "Mar dividing. Catalogues free.—
SMITH, Fernery, London, S.W.9.

IMALAYAN, Chinese and other Rhodo.

dendrons on their own roots. Shrubs, Alpines.
and border plants, Aquatics, Lilies, etc. Write for
Lista —G. REUTHE, Keston, Kent.

GFR ERANIUMS.—Crampel and Denmark, 25/-

100; Salvia Zirich, 14/- 100; Hellotrope Lord
Roberts and Nightingale, 14/- 100. Fuchsias.— Rolla,
Scarcity, Port Arthur, Amy Lye, Pink Ballet Girl.
Princess Dallet, Jack French, ose of Castile, 16.
100. Carriage paid for cash.—MILLICAN, Kinson,
Bournemouth.

Monta de use -

TRE > 4 EDEN ERS CHRO NICLE s E "n

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44.ኸ XP x Td Ys nicking ANT: ክመ — — SALES, |፪ሄህኳር5›- S EpL
Am —— bee 5 ARI BE b: * —
mem qucd E MM dum e (E. /PAVING ^ Rockey aud. Walling |
: yu OV — * rey, 5 Dur ድ ክድ Te UM PEE E
* X t Bhat 58 ኳ ፻ ኳ 134 x Ardtu
"x SAU [4 i LOW ER FAN ys. deus rud ; — 9... 070. ጩጨ — 6090
SENT iaa. "Eris: banha sik 153855: PS denk e —
FOOD a nri tipo: Heli ong s henare Tui. ate - Uer NS SSP SEEN
:: የኝኔቻዎ› Sic g dul. Rund t far bi pe 3! J——— ን በ ዞር fhe SSA

Son a WEE Biss uy 1 ር)
%# she arl o AE ተ —
rAd d. “ፈል ie

bino C Fato Fae EEE At a ox
sa 2 cua de caen | ( aay “PAV 154, dires j
£ — — si edt: Aber Fate ‘ated > amar ዘጠ ፡ Loe;
hs uti nuts Ar TARA ERN. "4 SSS
ed ደት (3፡2. መ. da Munt: Aint "baies

— — Waleriürn:
bene dar wc gn: fece -[፻4- abd ቋ arde
ud ur ee ts. - tte oe

EM ORE BOSS: i su i

። ግ — 6880.

SEDE Mi: PUITS — ለበር
Mar aas M fh ese s 9፡4:፥.,፤4፻።65. en:
CERIS Sac KeY wink, 5:01 E:
— Lawpack. da Dok ከ9990. 2
Ripa beat s, MEL cete ያ) f
OP esp Sida Sit HONN: Pa K t

ENUINE. DEMHEBLASD . TERE a
"bah der dun Appia: TORERE

7 ላ thera ae

care —— IAG: 5ሁክ(6ህር8(. WE gona Oen AES PAVO MIC ER Po —

EIER መር“ ‘ye Fan 5 A S is 2269 |
A AUD እደሪ) ወ gta FAN i eighie x
— — Pa. ም from pe £s me * ! on) ON
te. GMT Tu urohaser, al. $5 : — ^»
EM Wen — ያ ——— y NERVES. pom de 2 A isa i ይህ "Dag wes.
DAS Sent 8 — agon ን አ ፣ RUE euni SPORNE 5 darling rehi (ር... Darg and
ER i2 — E ed hie ee hotas ANA Sam ,1059:9414ክ , to»ited. -
e m o a Sox NX. aden, Men tas? INIT

|፲፳ RF! Te RF ር RE) Pe awis. hoe
—— Well mown 884. rolled, free: from -

ee RIA Sn o [owebar 502 ከ 109. rom pel. 458 DR E
ae | የ(ልክገኳ P WANTED. E GE “TATSPORUS, ang, የ665: . in e

det
üi rok * ረች DEB እኩ be

wem. |! aisle. EADIE. se ANY., Hirmacee RE
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AM ers dien.

——— — —

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dove shits D R TAM ' ፻፻‹ per ton pli;

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cp IBPOSAL. Jor. —
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p^ — — duct ge :

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MANURE. ey 16: — ji f
spend farm. pasii ፲858898፡4. aa. — ሄኪናል[ህይከክ'
(4 vyetubles sample sud. prices on. mE m

REN ርይ. bower. uode 866.

e

jow ean. ades 688897: des ENDUNG a
Me uil : welt: ax t Qu n IS Basalt x
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ከ8: ዜህኳ din à dus he doma ae SM

— tá prise and- የይህ!

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sen gardeu Seng. Jor prdapaetus — m

Homs Garten Hooks te the publahem ~ ULM

ከፈር CETIS: dà, Belton ‘Street, WC.

—— H PL: —

ua d, መ — — —

Ras aur naw Daie. (ሀሠ864.-. — i m
Mos: x

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Weer ood.

Banka für. ad
npe 1. —— KOLIS
ea: Shalit

ገፍ:

pees’ ‘tt:
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1601806068: rM

ARDEN ERS : ዳክ INS. SOUSE “serge dne gu

“ot witbatti bos fake fre» NC ‘quality. qaia tired. —

ብ

—* x E: alt XY bar] E iud Misty 19:40:16: ::እክየጋህጻከቿ።፡ 2 — = = ።

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| ፓፓ, ፍ — ጫኩ ; ቁ ዖ Un *
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| Tin NOWI- [--:ኡ the. dime 16 pum —
E AURICULA, POLYANTHUS, | -

Em ‘SuStess”

= : ——

cer AQUILEGIA - s

| i ‘snd many: other. spring: dein abjecta RAS Cn

Tob: 6: prepare. for summer’ "Bedding, cp
"Sterne Arorrie Can help you to make 1 -

3 -oÉ ሂክ15-” Write: for: fulband —

` dences: Cariogue, post free. ዐዐ ,
Seuss ees SED his pae ae

E A ` —
qi imate should send. for a |
N A ኣነ REX ፲፻ — little brochure. E

— — | P ee sa ie post “free. Sa —
FANEN p Hes à gop Blas The ie licen 15 CORTIAMPTONSHIRE X0 AM kom. th GARDENERS’ CHRONI * p TEE ን
rm © E aay bata E MES; Iculros > ጓ1 5. APO at : HERMAN “Vand : june nar or. RM 'olaur ;- 1
2: UN Rn RA EE Er ይ TOR malt F አ dé “owt. p t S S RA መ de |! 5, Tavistock: puse: ‘London, W.: c. 2 - s
ESEE bed co ent vane — ae ae 351 BN 211. 1: ተ ond sant ቢ ፤848640528(6.. “LOAM ET E ——
dA onem. AM vis t 1! EOS Hoboken. Kien. — = et

COL Immune: — .. ae Bi 4 በቦ.
Wi RM B Bak. — Cm 2: < Ag- | ፲0› . Ris ME de

Bank a

B8 705m Boho PRR GARDE. VERS CHRON) JCLE.. E. Minen 2, 1937

የሚመ OR cunt ev 888
|CARTER & HOWARD |

Give satisfaction fo the Gardeners who work |
them and fo the Gentleman who may for thom

We piiss: spores. PE fete P$: 'dodfiaming: 4ከኤ statement: es following w
iriri a~ kerneliin yn 98 ገዝ: 681664 (ሸር: Cómic ot he he H. Be — x

— s d : ; wired aie í * 12513 »» — tat * ah
UREA: ==1 anm ik: adque ui PTT YS ni your wie [311 /1፡8,8፡1- "rfe son thet Au
ans wey satisfied: yep ቲከ: gameday vog pal up Tor ui tikes ።ቨርነቧክህዮ.' Pie ramten and.
maliriab n በዚ — AE Jeu nt eae R Ment 3e ity git ine c ው tray femen vinee ferntulls, A
“ደሴ NU de ——

— | | | WEEDS tie apipilestion at
x a OE HARRISON'S | Reliable. WEED KILLER

will keep your Garden Paths. Carriage. Drives, ete...

‘free trim ‘weeds foros feast 12 months, The best

ጂህኮኔ for Dabs Mastan and Dandelion pu Lawns

, Brhrbtenis. the Grecii, Logane» Saving m Labour.

| V in io SEO pium: i dg 583. Cart. Puit

02 አ አይ ከለ) ው E
የጠ orders ar. * debi at d there PüfHlage deren,

7229 29 ፳፪: Bagi xh "ull pres

i Qd: Fita and — AE te turned የ8 guod. 698072 TE
"Carre paid within Y viene:
N Ban the prica of the above: ———
“please mole flat this Weed Kiler ep
— d to Dr. mutet, heing double 6 —
Men nrilnary. Arront One gation edes
mixed with 50 0683. of water *
cover An ates otf [291 150 — ——
Agire yards — M.

Ge € HARRISON, :
Gages Bortieültatal ‘Chemist, ሥሜ
me O READING. |

THE. REST AND ሽኽ - ——
Be CHEAP EST. | | The Largest Raisers, Guia. & —
ADAE UT E fenes of ‘The Scientific Methodi

‘Clematis, Orchids, and ቨ - — Orchid ‘Seedling Raising. AMAA

—— — CHARLESWORTH & CO, — —
| ፡፡|
Casey Farmi Pear 5878 .
Bulb Bewh- BH HAYWARDS. HEATH, SUSSEX.
orom 3d. esch:: . | Tam ;

Neo; Waiting i 5 .

ልህ. Orders excouted 18 |
the vate dap- ar. EH
rered '

' Mis ዛ፡8ዐ፡(5- 63. oped ቁ= GR .
required ang hers — — — EC S
RICHARD SABRES E SON, crh. E —
Taxes - dades ፡2 — —
BULWELL. SOTTNEMAN. TE i

— ው ።
— 2 መው

—— ^ —
"HERI

"SEED POTA TOES. .
aes ይስ: i-o 0s lw oe | — ፡፡ ንትን V pU
“Dake of York - Cd SE .፡ S A ES s አ un Sree E —
— i P 2 a3 C NEW. ዘይ LUSTRA TED DD. Ex
ገ ba Dineen ons o di p CATALOGUE. FREE:
RE ው. Ea.
“British Quem Ie Ji 546 DI y
j^

oe

= ። ‘WEED DEATH ^ ue

THE HEW: ፳08-ኮ015080ህ5. WEED KILLER POWDER.

— — nae rii d
^ Tx —*

TO
* ad = = < IES bira # ፌ 2 " . RESI A $e ሥጋ - «
P TL TA i EE ጋዴሬ -ደሬሔ Noo LN m DE SHIT La Pil pue 'ፋ.ሁ.-፳ E ነኒ ies -
x n 4 vA 5 2 ዒ z “Are ሽር
7 4 Anis e " ሐፍ Ar — > $554 ^
i 2 ari A . f z መ

Pg “እ hat ae

29. 56 66 12. aid muli.

) ዘ. 4 እቴ x » Y
Resi "ex Y "a 3 SE ed " i E S Sal: ሠክርህ dcs s Xx 0.05 203400 eon :
eric Tes Des qi — አ ማግ je. => — — LI — ቫህ "i Nour I ከ ይመ RON
z CORR) cR Kü መ=840 — e. “አፍ ሻያ gu

uu eee tes, Ew 2 ie di Te Nurseries, ‘CRAWL LE EY. Le

3 ሦ ወ
Ub IL RNC SS ar ..46

ያረ Scot j — 34:
Kerr's Pak ya ea Mes j
Majestic YU» pee rom ve ^
TEAM, Person | er odes Vd Fs Tae ee oes f AS t — — —— My Ree SE — ማራን Uc D REM —
Aram Victory ሚይ ነ Mo c RR CES POUHU qt e ge መመ መ ጋ ሙሌ”

Sache 92. ገ.“ መ a A ( === "GREEN HOUSE [TITHT-—

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J. Ww. - 8083. ያዘህ ሀ Elm Road, Wisbech Doe ~~ — s —
AC NINES — B “INSECTICIDE | ht MSECTICIDE |

M — n —H. FUMERS | SHEETS.

| Pac ፲9092 zubie 4፡7. "m "d Fer Fumigating 7000. ntis
A d x 2 feet 1 — ይዩፎዲ,
— apoia, Thums anà other Ofasshousá- የጨ
RAPE. - ፡ፍጅክር አ RELIABLE.

QE :

; "Petented. 90.,182778)፡ : የ *
| Ae — dns 86531. Borate ጠው T ! ELA = ፡ $ JE
= dans Foral plots o "ues. o Kx T FEES tint rte Ha Hr e ERE pre e ELEN ET iy ere ንንን ከ ንክ OE
<, Ml nok eat, wear: gad or dre, E We, o eee ቶኒ Sot vy SEEOSMEN- LPURSERYMEN, ሼን McDOUGALL Be : BERTSON, Ltd
= ወ ሆሽ io Ps T. — Sens DE Tf IRON MEMBERS. etc. sy — Herte, È
| uy dimciuty iri ODL: uning apply. diece lo. — * late — or

— ——— — ምች) ዓ፣ም ገቸ EN SI ሴካ RENS ማማ ው መናር ር አ ል —2 — —
—— — — — — — p ASA i J ia Won ceo; —ñi E ERTI AEEA te v Vo A *

Riyal Plent መ ኩ cS d

.፡.. ome RREERWOOD,. ፻.8.8 Bir E
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Mosi 0:25. s

- — — -> — — — — — — 8 a TTS NUM ee ደፍ መም ዴር Spee PUPPES TEC

a — UE (i RDENERS' CHRON I LES

AMERICAN BEAUTY ASTERE

‘SLOWER CUT: SHOUDL IR GRON CIN EVERY GARNER: :

ማረሜ

— egent the finest hf aur.
prec "t - 1145: Sty ya. Pur [ Dr ! stout Seige:
at ዙ።ክ; ET & የስ ን a BT hes ú dent lv አ i.
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* — —— lists, of. : ' nW ዝዬ ት ric f: ass * iva VALENT üt DPA i ት ያዕ "RES calouv-

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dur un ian dxx 1
a KILL THE WEEDS — Empress.

AN ONE ACTION |
"ሊኒ. this time of "ከሬ — your

dum va መው ed d. WE (nom ane d FINEST IN THE WORLD
| ከ፡64 with: un |ቀ ፲ ui 12. | Uma Dr- H

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* which Kills. ‘Daisies, nea Nove ey abour . 3
~ Plantains, Moss, &c.-- acts as. vw 5 — "PRICE Low.
dawn food and. assists growth A. E መከ sik venie "1 i v
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* m cows DX E 86994, Arora. Boxes, Ready for, Rotting. os |

— — ee = CRIMSON, PINK. SALMON, - WHITE, Le |

Ever Died Cooper 5 Wornkitler A 3 ud => WHITE with ROSE. BASE—sepsrate, at € |

‹ወቤ the 809557 Wt prevents the .!ላ.. | as dot, 30 390. MIXED, 3/6 = i

— level surface Dein spoil. AERA ne ain dx dn 26. 100. ጨር ARLET | በ = |
| : By mnd-casts. XE — — Shade) B) 065. 37/6 100. . HE
1 | eas : d went by pow, | UE
ይ 2. Ib. 1- 7 the RS 1446 300 መዜ #- Packed in Aap በነዛ ia =
S TR 1 22, *deurma arrival in perfect condition o E
Ct i4 RC i — — 2 * o i C | 8085 PRODUCTS unm. =። ሬት” is Paging: sud. Postage. charged at. መኪ. n j
S = y ^ de er ; dr iid ኤ tis ህት Jeo: au. — Be eu us E. — Alfred. Street, Ge 4 ORDER በ07. IMMEDIATE pur =|
Se Em COOPER & NEPHEWS, [n |. ርክ. Anhan
vent ፡. ር KHAMSTE E D OA e 666 t George Street, ለ “= AiD brans [y * Xon sons Alty | E!
' 2፡81 itia igit bit Mihi M ዝ( 181! RE |

— M — M — — -—

Maron 28, 1925.

THE GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE.

211

THE

6 ardeners’ ‘Chronicle

No. 1996.—SATURDAY, “MARCH 28 19925.

—

CONTENTS.
— * ..913 Kew notes ር d eee
a en— »
mula Winteri .. 13. Fere Temp. E F

Scoliopus Bigelovii ... 213 Lilium longiforum ... 220
Annuals for green- vag

vatory decoration ... 216 Orchid notes and glean-
Arluison, Mr. G., pre- ngs—

sentation to ... 211 Arethusa bulbosa —
Bees and Apple ferti- (Cymbidium Goosander 215

lisation ... .. 225. Habenaria militaris
Books, notices of— and H. rhodocheila,.. 215

Kew Guild Journal... 212 Parks and gardens,

Rose Annual ... 219 | public . 219

The
British

My — Poppyworts, some wood-
Society . .913 |; land ... 216
Bulb Garden— ^ Prentice, Mr. H. ነክ ብኑ

Nomocharis ... ... 218 Socleties—

Bulb show at Kilmar- Manchester and North
nock i 211 of England Orchid 228
Carnation "competition 225 Orchid Club... 925
ት garden, the hardy— Royal Horticultural 226

ple leaf-scorch ... 223 Western Commercial
rali register— Horticultural Eos

Apple Betty Geeson 223

Apple Gravenstein ... 223
Fungous diseases, com-

bat ing 211 —
as Gardeners’ Chronicle ”

seventy-five years ago 213

Soil nitrogen, the wash-
ing out of 211
Southport Floral Fe te 212
Strawberry plants and
the wet winter S. 225
Sugar-Beet industry ... 211

Garden notes from ' Trees and shrubs—
south-west Scotland 222 Daphne Laureola ... 218
Glasgow Flower Show 212 | Prunus Conradinae
er pane. E e s»emi-plena ... a. 217
umbago capensis ... 7 —
ar ce Jame- i MAE ranae 295
son . 216 roget: UE ing — 22
International Horticui- hi er TEN —
tural Exhibition at Ward, Mr. F. Kingdon 211
Haarlem " . 211 Week's work, the ... 214
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Arethusa bulbosa " Kas a ccs 215
Daphne Laureola, 218: D. pontica - —* ws 219
Lilium longiflorum formosum 221
Lily plant, underground porton of. at. digging time 220
Marrow, the long ribbed, : the Custard ... 224
Prentice, Mr. H., portrait e. - m ER 21
Prunus (onradinae seml-plena e — E ss 217
Scoliopus Bigelovii — ... 2 et o du — 96:13

AVERAGE MEAN TEMPERATURE for the ensuing week
deduced from observations during the last fifty
years at Greenwich, 45°°5

ACTUAL TEMPERATURE—
The Gardeners’ Chronicle Office, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, London, Wednesday, March 25,
10 a.m. Bar. 292, temp. 40°. Weather, Bright.

THe long-continued measure-

The Washing ments of the annual loss of
out of soil nitrates by the leaching
Soil Nitrogen. effect of rain, which have been
carried on at Rothamsted for

many years, have taught agriculturists how
considerable is the impoverishment of soil
from this cause. Year in and year out the
gauges at Rothamsted show an average loss
of 31.4 lb. of nitrogen per acre. The present
season, with its incessant rain, must have
taken a heavier toll, and we should not be
surprised if garden and farm yields during
this year were depressed accordingly. In any
case the grower would be wise to discount
this possible cause of decrease in soil fertility
by adding to the soil nitrate of soda or
sulphate of ammonia in somewhat more
liberal measure than he is accustomed to
do. Recent measurements of loss of soil
nitrogen* made by Professor J. Hendrick,
at Craibstone, Scotland, add usefully to our
knowledge of this subject. In these experi-
ments the soil used in the gauges is cropped,
and hence it is possible to compare the
rate of loss of nitrogen from cropped and
uncropped soil. In-as-much as no one likes
to think of the soil fertility of his land running

* The Loss of Nitrates from Cropped Soils. Agri-
cultural Progress, 11., 1925.

down the drains it is satisfactory to learn
that, in point of fact, the loss of nitrates by
leaching is very much less from cropped
than from uncropped land. This is strikingly
shown by the figures for the year 1922. In
the early months the soil of the gauge was
uncropped. In April an Oat crop with seeds
for hay was sown so that the surface was
covered with vegetation from May onward.
During the first four months of the year the
loss of leaching nitrogen was at the rate of
over thirteen pounds per acre. During the
remaining eight months of the year it was
rather less than five pounds. There would
seem here a moral to be learned, and that
is that where cultivation ventures permit of it
a winter catch crop of Rye or some other hardy
plant would prove a valuable conserver of
soil fertility, for it need not be said an
adequate supply of nitrates in the soil is
one of the essential pre-requisites for rapid
growth and large crop production. It would
be interesting if it were shown that the value
of green manuring lies not only in what it
adds to the soil, but also in what it prevents
being taken away from it. Another obser-
vation of interest recorded by Professor
Hendrick is that of nitrogenous manures
added to the soil in normal amounts little
or none is washed out even during very wet
weather.

Mr. F. Kingdon aor Ou readers will be
glad to learn that Mr. on Ward
got back safely to India on "February 25.
He writes that his expedition in Tibet has
been a great success, and good results have
been obtained.

Presentation to Mr. G. Arluison. — Before
the commencement of business at the Council
meeting of the Chamber of Horticulture on
the 18th instant, a pleasant ceremony took
place by way of the presentation of a gold-
mounted umbrella, suitably engraved, to Mr.
G. Arluison, who has acted as the British
International Secretary to the Fédération
Horticole Professionnelle Internationale for the
past five years, in a — capacity. At
the request of the Chairman, Mr. J. S.
Brunton, a member of the British Delegation
to the first International Conference, made
the presentation, and spoke in eulogistic
terms of the splendid services rendered to
the Federation by Mr. Arluison. Mr. C. G.

.L. Du Cann also referred to Mr Arluison’s

valuable services to the Fédération.

Bulb Show at Kilmarnock.—At the Spring
show of Daffodils, Hyacinths, etc., held at
Kilmarnock on Saturday, the 14th ‘inst., Mr.
James Hutchison, St. Andrews Street, created
& remarkable record by winning twenty-six
first prizes out of a total of thirty-seven
classes. With a total of thirty-two points he
also won the Borland and McAndrew Challenge
Cups, with accompanying Gold Medals, and
a Challenge Rose Bowl and Medal. This
was Mr. Hutchison’s first appearance as a
competitor.

The Temperate House at Kew.—Several of
the Rhododendrons in the Himalayan House,
that constitutes a wing of the large Temperate
House at Kew, are in bloom, including some
of the largest specimens. The plants will
provide a very fine spectacle for the next
few weeks an those of our readers who
propose visiting Kew in the immediate future
are advised to include the Himalayan House
in their tour of inspection. The big specimen
of Camellia reticulata in the main building
is now a magnificent spectacle, being covered
with hundreds of its beautiful flowers. Several
species of Acacia are also in bloom in the
Temperate House.

Combating Fungous Diseases.— The Forestry
Commissioners have had under consideration
the question of mycology in relation to forestry

work, and as they regarded it as a matter
of urgency, that a means should be found
to combat fungous diseases, which were cansing
the Department serious loss in their nurseries
and young plantations, they decided to make
a grant not exceeding £500 to Edinburgh
University in respect of the ycar commencing
April 1, for research in this connection, to
be carried out by the Botanical Department
of that Institution. The University Court
has welcomed the pro l and concurred
in the arrangemente euggested by the Forestry
Commissioners.

Behaviour of Plums on different Root
Stocks. —Under the auspices of the Technical
Committee of the Chamber of Horticulture,
Mr. Ronald G. Hatton, Director of East
Malling Research Station, will deliver a lecture
in the Drawing Room, Y.M.C.A. Building,
Tottenham Court Road, London, W.C.1, on
Wednesday, April 1, when the Chair will: be
taken by Mr. Alex. S. Galt at 3.15 p.m. The
subject of Mr. Hatton's lecture will be “The
Behaviour of Plums at East Malling upon
Different Varieties of Root Stock," and as most
of tho information that Mr. Hatton will give on
this occasion has not yet been published, the
lecture should prove exceptionally interesting
to market-growers, nureerymen, and horticulturist.
generally, all of whom are cordially invited
to attend and participate in the discussion.

Sugar-Beet Industry.—The Ministry of Agri-
culture pointe out to farmers within a
working radius of the existing Beet Sugar
factories, and of those in course of erection,
that these factories require a further contracted
acreage, in order that, with the assistance of
the subsidy now to be granted on sugar
produced, they can make an effective start
in establishing the Sugar Beet industry... in
this country on a broad and stable basis and
justify the large expenditure of capital to
which the manufacturers stand committed.
The subsidy scheme has been designed in
the belief that the Beet Sugar industry will
prove of great national value, but the success

of the scheme necessarily depends on the
support of the farming community. The
Ministry feels, therefore, that having regard

to the fact that the prices offered to the
farmers for their Beets have received the
approval of the National Farmers’ Union and
are likely to ensure a reasonable return on
the costa of production, every farmer should
give serious consideration to the introduction
of Sugar Beet cultivation into his farming
programme.

International Horticultural Exhibition at
Haarlem.—The International Spring Flower
Show at Haarlem which was opened to the
public by the Dutch Prime Minister and
Minister of Agriculture and Home Affairs on
March 13, will remain open until May 21.
The exhibition as & whole reflects great
credit upon the organisers and exhibitors and
although most of the exhibits at the opening
date were provided by Holland there were
several fine displays from English growers,
including an effective group of Carnations
from Mr. C. Englemann and a collection of
Narcissi from Mr. P. D. Williams. The
principal subjects exhibited were sheaves
of Lilac from Aalsmeer, Hyacinths, Tulips,
Narcissi, Hydranges, Cyclamens and other
indoor plants. The members of the Interna.
tional jury were welcomed by Mr. E. H.
Krelage, Preeident of the Exhibition Committee,
who stated that Mr. H. C. Dresselhuys had
been chosen as President. The British
members of the jury included Mr. A. H.
White, Mr. Herbert Smith, Mr. W. H.
Cutbush, Mr. C. Engelmann, Mr. T. Want
and Mr. J. S. Brunton. Unfortunately the
weather was extremelv unkind, snow falling
heavily during the night previous to the
opening day. The members of the jury
were cntertained by tho Haarlem Society
to a concert and dance and were also
the guests. at two banquets given by the
Bulb Exporters’ Association and the General
Bulb Growers’ Society, at which functions

212
L Aig ፣፣ Wade ai Mp መ...
— tively responded. -to ths” 549) on: behalf. '

OE tbe British idhepated:. “Pp -Buturday,- "Marek: ^
o: 14. the Englash visitors speut-à very enjoyable: -
WAP da vixiting. ‘several wall-k hou Putok dirke
ae um Mid: the- Hower salerocmes- ay Aalsmeer. P E

~~ Sugar-Beet Culture im Scotland Vern ‘Ke hi

55 3ቪ፻ፍየክህ9 éortinnes . po be: Syeed an the growing

of Sakar Beatin tha uordi 6፻ 811689, and. that: "

aby, vharapion » ዝብ. the project, Genemi ጃድ.
C AValter Ross; of Cromarty,. 1ቦዐ0ህኣ8 dint ouch: .
digiieer pr otits cnn: de: ahtgimed: tiom, Axio ien
TESE ane other. Arar ja ie torti: SAS proof
Us ihe. giitenty: Bf hiss “Convictions, Sir: ነጻ በዚ

E * qs this. Wear devoting, ሠ. onnsider able wed at

ከ6. ‘Own | 6] to. Uer ‘enltivel 11 ot diet. GM.

SEXE m. Fontis t Nags do die: ካህከር He „rod Par E
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ይ ው profitable Are wer ማዘዙ different | eee ee

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will d

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i ae | have: been -019186በደ4. with Tirtie- knowledge. ag
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of Weotlénd Collego-of Agricnltinre, mach. dight

ለክ án 1811. and 46፲5. 38 Miürayahira. CE
wem romed in 1923 and jU24 ver a Mach |
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— -the Poia brenk, oina ie will bu for

fa grow; ‘sayy er 'ቂ6. twelve tris)
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dgribaltired 861667 sand ehe ‘tbrnsiids cared
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(bw wo ከሳህ ዝከ yu ees ፍህ . 1396. m diego stitatranel, | ud dde TU: 5 denos
1 እ T d W ፡ | Hali from: Oria: 13 te
s of Lilincónit oa | pies in
፡! an Minho: a Bigelowit Lip 53) Arie
nki i, in Birn hs ER
x 3 imc intina dto 4' ከ). ክህ], . GE Erfurt; A 2s | : HEC,
3 Qe qunima. ie pude uci dui früse «oo diode es Apart her —— ወፀ: c. 8801. one (ብ: othe beni «4.8 ከዘክነየ፥
RAMS aene qe — "plant: producing: [ገዘብ ovato 9 Hielo ape i ve. sever: nest. RD Apu Jn Te
sed ber iier ine (Y. ለደሃ). 11. | አኮርከዘ, twa inches Tun ie ሻህ" - dapes. ms EN Ak ui |
GR sra ted J (ከ6 te "AL. production: Jf ds አደርስ aferan an due fhe as Pee NM 16. de (dis nt ntes DK
i rwtvharries last year ሸክጽ- Pie d COLE A DEO.
x gybon ^ 80,000 iarta" eo than ad 1924... "phe o.
Hd cob አ Aus quite ity (pec ፡‹ክ(....
lseieeior than iu TOZA EU Mec ያ! aod
d A sted te 170 DOU: parts. pent.
Uode ገነር. oprevinua duit. - wos
ክሮና. ከ. 6:8: yikes 18:

du: at BOONE beta E : Hur MÁMOD cw Wr

UH. UN ice eet jig acd Sur mds Ep ERU os
Op UM au #5. Phe ‹ህ፡ኮጮ ፲፪ das int ፍመ.
diens ipia: ; bud

—* NR, grosi t 7: በርከክ. te a “hopeless ia Lut Sin
, ወየቬቫናከቹ8 t6 grow ihe plant em ጹ. 6086 36M os
Se Re 8 mo» tied “place; war will ፲፻ በክ
18.6. sandy. 919061... 11. በጸ(6ከ[3- ህ dno $
15 Kli esu: dor: | plenty: ^a i AMT
e —— sandy ፣ 3681::1ኪ A
«n i ዘጻ fuller: b gie i di 318. Irequetitty.
6: 9ይ 18: 1ከሣ. 868. Nisrótnbergia - ,በናር1]4፻የክ
«:ከ67ህ10፪ - ኮህ) dar (8464, Sinny ብበ
፣ 41 Ie ኮ8 bt th, ትር ቪሥ፻ነ- Wer where ፲ፒ.
Acn. forme. gu cüppets በ1. Pety. —
partie nud ques “bibs Hb was :፣ D
qi wel NC የክ: ክ18፻ኩ . cmm
te duyely uns; s cuins

4. ኣን "ላት, —

—

"f የል inf. “fae: “yeas
Ze Navesiber. 21: AN

Small Frais 18. 19324.

“ta :4፡181 :፤፲9ብ98:ከ66. da. URE
99፲ “ቫይ... iveabist 140/000. SEM
Si he Laud: White. ፪:5ህየየለጸክ!ጻ |
ሆህ ቪክ A e TOES A AE S
ረቀው ^f he —

ie n Nw

o AMotmenix printr — ies Must xa AM
rd "aicut ahi አካላ iud. - aec — opined co
by alates dp. Kudai. wok Wales ‘te aban ic. NÉ
2 176,200 BO OL 14. aot Mine -. Ao.
adf. eda wis idantet with የ189
as and: Hw ridüction. vt Potutos Gu: abor. E
— nay ANoretaee M — — abi,

* — H^ aei AE Apipresciahile:
F ME: thon pe pud na nkomi}
iy amane. y AVENA,

b
TU
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AA — eT ፡ ss Royi. Arica Mare v ና s ኀ፡ ይበ ኣ. — S^ MOOR d.
m) እ BC: aat. England: isti Jp cehu 5 Nutional: ot i 68 Aa oum ም — E ፡ SA
OMBRE. and. Pant atay Socioly a. niente.“ Phare aes h ON ይር ———
Pi Cay. “Apel 3 Notting iain, wnd. 1. ‘hry. —
MOD — wenns Foday Apri g ee:
(0 / ህ1ሀ0ሀከሠጨዘፐ aud Norii. ub 540ሠ4 Direct
din 996429 meeting Hort
Rare n pete - አከመ pnt TECH ር
z cs diem ind. orici: — Porini ^ SOY

.‹ ፦ጨጩጡሑቁ ፤
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ጻን et end sonnet — — a :
aa n amis 28: dew —

= for ei but tie

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"nu hs —* i 1 RESO TS f «e D ገባ ከ: ። > 2
epp ገሬ. ns e purius Dec haves wd lack Horas 696 *
te Few, - non: p — aboh be ta Tie HORAM Are af roligi ——

abe ROE ብ. bat Heels Thee n

E Ç

of tie mi paula a *
ae Fr አፈር ans e

— ear
28፡08: 15: while quse
eet, 1. ተ ULL ጫቸ

— 28 ነአ 8 hes ; — MER ;
— a ikot det Shades from. ED S. ond a

et. resti: cam “ን. f

Y y Sii: WE ie dual. DE jux. RE the
Hinmiayan Primos, eng. que ful fave an

banda eee A- Mum: aa ሕክ hus fé
hy UE d Mentel n cuit Be s "en — et UE oman) i 2
ዞ cwü cas it hip i orl | ፡ oe —— je e QUA E Fes Tu
d — “1988. ፡ i
SSSA pe Ps ለከ) 84(0፡8.. ት RET wn tih rhe © ni ids Be C. ZH, EAT yeas Vian gi :
— we wt be sek vb: tie M euer. A nnd- coti erit, 3t —

iE: 38:
“አ ia Jun. :1/791ህ891 AIEO m ants ከ The. roséfics.
duas twee deeeribed Ag በሆ ከፍ. bonta with

kt Ao Ahes EERI RE Aaa (opt CQ px

^g nes E ped dee ineregsexl bg- Teas d the: “yolitary® በህ Monn: aban
46/66 “eile (Be fest, and dlao by” fang ‘aye pel — im e — edlonred:

s y CAS — — dors, duvender, villi goues « And green .
— ያሮ iif | Jake: ‘Phe. “tan jority - b Himalayan Priming,
d interi 8.8፡ irik AVR : 91880, ;-and ..

vand: —6

gs Mein በር. በ fe a toy ?

reple Spacey TIEI] T “ከፉ ፡
COME s stb comp. ፲፡/1(፡[. Owae QE
aed ee ir

Bar Phe ADI, Gs

Coa — ፡»ኬህ ክክ የከ: :. ነ. ines. Ü LM à diese i Cua — * pucr REC AS: a: o 4 m 6 BA Chi: dn ህለ À የርም s hatena: m
«s wt — sápphed wil: qus Vi ——— | A Reese IN seam tye ng in. Tivularje- ec te robs 864. y ‘inih ie (dor. ልነ ያ vel edes
tinh Chron Sa 3879: ao KRR SE alf. Ment: TON mi AN TR ONE Ai dp CIS ው. iv

'ዝኗ ORCHID HOUSES.

uy - à onam, በበበ 1886 2588ዝ፲ለ8 Cotas, — |
(i i alib 1 ሄክ —— ae

"Ys - ዕዛከኒ98 | 50ዐ/489 ti. ares NTON Minis

sbonfd — düie M ETT ÁN cbe:
. .ተገጩው: De :18[. “Brewin | — pee |
A idt: diram ug -aünchise ACC
times ei dne wall: Aow s ህየ 3፡ t

ነዚ ቅ! *

e AR aa

: | ኣከክሠሄ DT
, ራበው at i" [Tw
: 4, decáy. ክር

aes kinds as G —— Y va Yan Pieri Gage Yi 2

ound Y. Miekeeiater evs. boin: resting or

sc phsent in ዘ. position. dh the wabnest: Psi i

HE ete they 386ኛ bes splen. DbowH thes

ያከ. በህቪ6ከ[. : "and. * ringed “Frequently. JEbe-
በቤ Aga 79011. /ህቪ! be appsaripg, and —

2: dia the bloom are developed they

4#ከፍጣ141.. bes የቦ 6:ሀ1641.. rom: he.

veil, donc Oden bright iouen 1.

TC ul d. w — Gandenvr’ Y "cuti ን Maven :
Yu " i [0 | Pyrtotit Court, Woking ብስ.
vii i i — phe midem | desepnpanent: ot i
PA i ardsacma flower farmislies sour deu with c
AU. Tpediunt. à and idwart rWetics itj BERS

dec Js "iet Wise tó- rely. DH,
14. በርሽ pay i planis ù
db aii ipw

— w deste 5
ca x fins EATA

THE.

*ome 1 ዘክ: Past, dud with “Min: Teese] | me

Shin nd mure" arniospherie . moist | በ99: bhi dur Furnishing baskets und c vases.
vsnamenciug Du grow. altesh. idu ‘order - gu Phe: :ነሀ688 3 A enüuding
cause them. du Ahlüom. freely. they should ecc Ade oD ፲[ዙ- ald TEredeseantur ፤ t 7162 -

ዜር:

ae
mum OF: —

éndless diversity, with a range ዕየ salons 48 ae

18 us Todi

santy Ba — M

a

"M sigh:

ie anf ያን ይ
Tike. visio ee anany other: q ፲1019196, ^

OR UAM
— |

the’ — af E olyanthus. germinate: [በላሁ and. -
E a irrég üdariy . ‘hdl

tor wówihEs. f red
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“i

cÉn; prodane "ሠ

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— Helleborus, nantul’ sinter p Aid #1
Sr piant thrive 3 sn ጸ' parbi

- [ህበ : “position. Aat: —

lee dee GS

Spenge Aypliting should | only bei በፀ; 'ሣሠከካቪ :
Ce oe Fase; dive: heroine. ooverctuwded,: y cond.
eher (bis da necessary ዘ. should He: ie MAS
4885. nig: a potios ud ad ame qe. T

Moped rosiña

ae nE 28914. meepiye cnc 111ዚ፻ኬ1:.
3 BPS x 188.4 DOW

ue » "his “ፍህ.
— Ju s

ay z 3: TURR. ‘Batdener’ 66 ፲4. «661. Sate’ “0:88:
js Houroxn, Wostoubirt; Tetbury, Di deerte nihire. -

mb. ae dal,

a ippearanee, ud whan —
stoking, (rim&on: "velours.

- Perpetual-flowering ‘Carnations. aun: sista

I Breese በዕ growing, iú tiree- h pola
should. ከር ready. for spotting”. CEMYS C AA
' importeut - gout; iù- "Càrnation . ^ cultum: 218...
that. the plant. should’. Spot’: dies 0 ናባ 112"
mémi pit hounit ` P pigri doc
O transterrmg - oW hU mcs get: 3. i which. it^ al
© flowery niher < Shihe ፳፪. “bee -aver-potted.
: Asminüay - que pianta pe. ite ከ6. Howerod - mn.
: ኮሦስቨ- በርኩ ^ réeepitau" des. pots “of fiveanehos: -
diamrter. vatiould pe sed. aes this ‘Bathing,
AMT 4 Chat: WE dour- paris’ pond,
E pare a (hot: Jak:
enki
eo yel: shell.

3 Sero kimy 16: 367 Tight, Won 8. ክፍ. ME
pepe, m des edi በበ with fine thes 2
eye owe: ind cte: boxes with :ዜ sheet of glass- ta^ cof 2 mall: CMM
3 | ? prevent: evaporation: of maitu, : “Asters should... poth hrauni af
OS aye do. ፀጋዉ haat ,ዜ ny coegi --puesell treu

etn of thee: growl and. u, Wouk. Jteenhiouxe | :

depo RATS
እ. id. frame.

zz Tie 11614. Konpa: ae ae t hese

፡ OS pink Are ptrace (ins. Father 36: Mw

3 uhbury . | ‘horder: v cus Wes ከ94 border
ET መርክ watli Glada. "ind. Mouthietias. |
On: Light: sola 41 te suite sede. to denve diem.
He Aie ups ground): bt (uus ———

"ክቤ ited - ‘Should. Pow be^

t Sweet Peas A A አስበህ uf Sweet,

ለ

Vena: may

sut] ነኒ PER The oe late © "waa. to Sow. wh
eee eas እሼ10: 2. 011... Ress very aet, 13. a 119 ut
drum Mprtitnds uei: c escape | id. hiring. $

Dee: rwn. through: the surface

iheor 'ጺ. Tirte: déeper thun ሎ በይሮርፎፍጳኮሃ | yor’.

——— ኔረ AR
ንን.

ነ BiG. to ,

— whirls and rover tiem to & depth: ‘ot shout.
uec: አክ: ‘with: 14 soit from tbe pottiug shed
. Lobelia. Duta to: the: excellent - aud ur ጁ
— — vbtabust with steds, ኣየ. iedeni
ze "Sp abating propustio” bey TBP ADE NO!
ce ngt generally: pratite. ከሰነፍ hi
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should. Da: MN ow any wwelldrained: “sed pi
uni, casing oo digit: : ; sandy. Jeormpest.
Mans Abe: suni: diene: Att eve. paral aeter. -
.-ክህ፦. Beads. think ‹“በከፀቢ፻፡ Covering thot A over.”

ae

$e c

= 116: Pan: witlc: A atiet. ገነት... lus, j ጨመ: ahs: sth Sie:

Bk. 166. dad brides 89096. Sealine:

ee patil
፡ germination’, ‘hae: “Palkia plws. — 4

; ae m ... Polyanthus.—B8eeda of | ihis dors ——

a lowering. Ban ከባዱ be: ህዋ በ67: one Bie:

deus ፈሰ uw ich Sum BAPAN 1 ኦከ oN
S Vio" * det e ; de

à rade «nat: ic dinars im drehelis. prepared: p ule /

“the: seit toas mee 1018. the vultevator showd .
i frequently:
Whew: ‘drawing’ he በበህ5. Abe de ARIE. be miake.

par Au DT 10 lenye. 8. slight. ridge . “dn wank [05

354 gem) 88 sw propeetidn. Tor. the ሇጨባፎ -..
pona RE Fhoirthe stages of. growth Bow, the; ie

ng i Apnd. M a ihe Arst ponte

a i nde. ሇህ SUD. Aie Joum- fhnonah
884 obtain ጩጨ nie bre ^q
The Pümpnat 1 preparat- a week. -
“ሽኑ. a opportgnity- wins
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ditnation ; should d itonded
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“those merted: Hank. (ብሎ. Mme. dos. weeks »fc
: Ser c SSE Mex: the Febraacy- roots `
ontkrüges. given uper. - በህለከጠቦበዚ, should, A
ዘካ“ ond o£ ክክ present. Tooth. bé; AG aio
then ine dortühchi halimi the an Maw: Wear
Dara cmd HAS dla dec deemed. finally - 16.
WP Ses መድህ nehisasd. qas Kar deno
ሰች An ogee [ሎጀ pptaels ^

We ANE: Aaa poe ALS however:

gilis for ዝክር:
ከ096. መ
Hiis c Cütkmgs -
gitogress that.

enough. te wer 16. ዘ. Be.
RUE (pota c. (dot. the. interpedidtà -.

— ues |
bitte gua Pe — epee በጠር

ar

^ ገበ dubtings. . aitHongh ” he: በስ). E S
‘stopping has bern duly. exphuined 'ዜ.:
“previons calendar, Ju snes be well (do. rapeat
that. the. stoppioy o (n: '"ቦኮስኤ plant puro 3:6(.
| በይርቦልጺ)የሽ[: strengthen. 3 "Te: Xn ‘shoald.

ta pretium. d — Mud "plant,
ud des wee D Sy oy Ja PE, v
de eM, 801: ur aad i wk ገ
but rather “seine: terr ays. ues IU defare- 32:

piter. fige Balada TRA —

CH. RON! CLE.

mes —— qe ላ

venti: dà waka
P በዮ ባቸ] (deus

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D
NES 8

pub in Kumot
ishir heal: ከ: batter,

"Polygonum capitatum. "his plusin — igh
generally ደህ 11. indoors. yer at ET

AE dw Pg. d
inistani vw m

“moming

perpetual- ‘flowering "Carnatians - whiedpowen
| የኤር frour. cuttings : rooted: a4u fanaary: and, >

—— T.

5 1 en

hores 44 ከፐ ser aihe pairing. Finkak die Spar so à ።፡ 2. ፡)
i pened satisfactorily. 5 After - ብክ = date:
me Hee ery Unos framen, 11 E

vdd a p

4 4 on 5 Bes. («ከ
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Worley ity, Broriure. 88. - —

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Pe oes. — Pesch | REN Sa
—— EN uH EUM owl: quw: wn

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thie, Ats AUT

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abr: OOF

teat aet dbeetup ራቡ.

ES
EL Du ed
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| dime. tho: other: and: "He small. ques: 8 Wwe

Blea :‹1ሸ፻: «ከች ore: tz Healthy. 0. feed
HAY Tae alowed. fer’ marry. ne fruit yer —
n brancb ነጨ way Thema ከር aar

du the: ase ot: Neegáttries. Souda > the ' አብዬ
i 8: 11. the "bes cof. ም rop: wore.
Michi ion. aloubi. nae
ti. 149916: iw. young |«ከ/፳ኋፌ
ብዛ. ክር oy ame e ላር meet

SYR

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“id Saip 41 “Regie: foc des demise if ——
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“hop. ventilatory. ፡ ተቐቦ "ከ986. iow i dars
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A tae nhe HAN | apt c. An ans —
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apilduw © —D abusi iude rens. "with
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ioia ነ sprifikhuug ot carri: anain | 199
፡ ከክ "haria: 55111. rents በጠ. fully: maturo
Bn Im Una Stage, | T 477197: A Prarie |

be —

-friound - 17 (አኛ. eri each: — በጐ!
:-- ያክ

the steni Gi liat; 81,6 water; and. teed.
with artiticial: undo liquid . 76 VA

2 B Aempemiüp) wb Qo ET AS RIR ane

[ዘ cie day. =፡. | süflicwnt: eani ln Ahes
| ኮበር: 3 ገው Asc 18812. fen Roth.) — “posible,
| 8ሀ6,1|. green ficco HS SEPPRA CHEN! ከክ).
SERAP ihe. Moua” kenus stje "ጫከ... NEL: bon:
- puri elebe dure E that the foliage: PR
— AEE and the “homipesra tuns lowered
hoy le Sees? That: 1. A Strawbetties’ dating
phe shelves aif Beart -ከከዘ8ዞ።. Jayne Mop

wa Weber dnd que len: owt
Hring an (ec Tatas: —
— Bently. Mis: qiiem.

a

' — Apt U anoni. gue 1: ክህ “nd
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‘git, “grower dias to: ፀ፡በ190ሴ. ‘and. Ak ida. verk
chiffieult der. eradionty inem in :1የ9፻6.. ee
Cpttacked by mo Cit anus beo dealt with ia

',autitoastully" ‘On. veined. has tak pe —
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Destroy s. i '1ከህ.. afer ted -- parte - 275 : the:
branches. | t : ፻ኮላፍ. RII Hays ery Soe

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Marcu 28, 1925.

a-pint of soluble paraffin, mixed together and
made to the consistency of paint. The
mixture is applied by means of a small
paint brush when the winter pruning is com-
menced, all cankered parts, crevices and
wounds being dressed with it. This mixture
may be applied any time of the year
provided the operator is careful with the
brush. I have used the above remedy for
three years with splendid results.

Apple-leaf Sucker.—Where this pest is
allowed to spread it destroys the foliage,
often ruining the crop and the branches as
well. Keep a sharp watch for the insect
and spray with nicotine or an orchard spray
before it spreads. Spraying is best done on
a fine, quiet day. 1 am pleased to observe

that Ladybirds have increased in numbers
the last few years: it is surprising the

number of injurious insects they destroy in

a short time.

THE KITCHEN GARDEN.

By H. PRINCR, Gardener to the HON. MRS. GREVILLE.
Polesden Lacy, Dorking.

Vegetable Marrows.—Sow seeds of Vegetable

Marrows to raise the main batch of plants
for setting out later. Sow the seeds in large
sixty-sized pots, placing two seeds in each
receptacle. Place the seed pots in gentle
heat and let them remain there until the
seedlings are well through the soil, then
gradually give the plants cooler treat-
ment until they are hardened suitably for
putting in the open. The plants may be

placed in their permanent quarters when all
danger of late spring frosts is over. Marrows
raised from seeds sown a month ago and
kept growing in heat are ready for planting
in heated frames in which they are intended

to be cropped.

Broccoli.—Attention should now be given
to this useful winter vegetable. Remove all
decayed leaves from the plants and hoe the
soil when the weather is favourable. The
present is a suitable time to sow secds for
next season's supplies and also of the purple-
sprouting Broccoli.

Aubergines.—Sow seeds of this vegetable
and when the seedlings appear place them
near to the roof.glass in a warm house and
keep them growing steadily in heat until
their final potting. There is sometimes diffi-
culty in finding room for a large batch of
these Egg- plants in pots in greenhouses. 1
would suggest if frames are available in a
sunny part of the garden to plant out the
Aubergines when they are large enough in
eighteen inehes of good soil placed on an old
manure heap. Excellent results may be
obtained by growing the plants in this
manner.

Celeriac.—This vegetable forms a
change to Celery, and should be
widely grown in England than is now the
case. Seeds may be sown in pans in a
temperature of 60°, pricking the seedlings
off into boxes or frames when they are
large enough, and finally hardening them off
for planting out-of-doors.

welcome
more

FOR NORTHERN GARDENERS.

By JAMES JBFFERY, Gardener to the EARL OF LONSDALE,
Lowther Castle, Penarth, Westmoreland.

Yews.—Now is a suitable time to plant
these evergreen trees. If a hedge is to be
planted a trench should be taken out at
least twenty-four inches wide and cightcen
inches deep. These measurements will be
found to give ample room for planting
specimens three feet in height. Should the
soil require enriching some well-rotted
manure may be spread over the bottom of
the trench and dug in before planting ;
crushed bones may also be sprinkled in the
soil as it is worked around the plants. Yew
trees received from the nursery require
immediate examination on arrival, and if
the roots are found to have become at all

THE

G. ARDE N ERS

should Le soaked
plants
them

the

dry during transit they
thoroughly with water. Make the

tirm, and from time to time examine
to see that none has worked loose at
neck through the action of wind.
.Vaze Plants.---The:e call little
to be
later.
may
and
fine

now for a

extra attention if good) specimens are

placing in
Fuchsias,
transferred to
order

the — vases
Heliotropes, ete.,
larger pots
they may be

ready for
Geraniums,
now he

grown on mM that

re a

FIG.

8G.—ARETHUSA BULBOSA.

when planted in the vases. H
the soil in the vases is exhausted it should
be removed and fresh compost substituted.
At the same time put the drainage in an
efficient condition.

Border Carnations.. Layers that have been
wintered in frames may now be planted
out where the plants are intended to flower.
The shoots are of a brittle nature, and care
must be exercised when planting. Make
the soil thoroughly firm around the ball of
the plant with the fingers, and do not
plant too deeply.

specimens

CHRON ICL E.

SEN 215
ORCHID NOTES AND GLEANINGS.

ooe — —'

ARETHUSA BULBOSA.

818 species belongs to a small genus of
terrestrial Orchids, the genus being founded
on the plant illustrated in Fig. 86.
Arethusa bulbosa is a native of Carolina,
North America, and in Gray's Botany of

North America it is described as being
somewhat rare in its native habitat, and,
indeed, it is extremely rare in cultivation,

is well figured and described in
2204. In its native state
it is said to attain a height of twelve inches
to twenty-four inches, but under cultivation
it usually grows from eight inches to twelve
inches tall. The sweetly-seented, rosy-purple
flowers, with a yellowish band on the lip,

although it
the Bot. Mag., t.

are terminal and solitary: as the illustration
shows, no leaves are produced at the time
of flowering; the single leaf is developed

subsequently.

The plant grows naturally in boggy ground,
and under cultivation shculd be given a
position in the rock garden, giving preference
to & moist, shady spot, with a north aspect.
It is also desirable to afford protection by
means of dry leaves during the winter. This
plant is best grown in a compost consisting:
of good, medium loam, chopped Sphagnum-moss,
leaf soil, or peat and sand. It is also likely
to succeed if grown in pans, in a cold
frame, or in a small, unheated heuse. J. C.

CYMBIDIUM GOOSANDER.

WHEN first shown by Lt. Col. Sir Geo.
L. Holford, K.C.V.O., C.LE., on February 10.
when it gained a First Class Certificate, the
beauty and distinct character of the lip of
this fine hybrid between C. insigne and C.
Merlin attracted much attention. All. the
Cymbidiums of its class are beautiful but
rather uniform in the character of the lip.
C. Goosander is a distinct departure, its large
labellum being crimped at the margin and
with the side lobes enlarged, presenting the
appearance of some hybrids of Cattleya intermedia.

Several of these hybrid Cymbidiums have
large white or pearl-white flowers with pretty

dotted lines on the lip, which shows the
same broad development as jin the first
example.

C. Merlin was raised from | C. Alexanderi
x C. Dryad (insigne Parishii: Sandera) and
it is to the fine form of €. Puarishii that
the change in C. Goosander may be traced.

HABENARIA MILITARIS AND
H. RHODOCHEILA.
ALTHOUGH Habenarias usually flower in

summer the group of these Orc thids exhibited by
Messrs. Charlesworth and Co. at the mecting

of the Royal Horticultural Society on the
10th inst., contained a few of these bright
scarlet, ‘tropic al, terrestrial Orchids in bloom

and they served to draw attention to a very
showy section of a genus fast vanishing
from gardens and which might be renewed
if those who have these Orchids would ruis
fresh stock from seeds.

The plants thrive best grown singly, in
long thumb pots and arranged as though

they were in rocky deposit. between the stones,
as in their native habitats. ln potting them
each cluster of tubers should be held jin
position with the ends resting on the crock
at the bottom of the pot, and the lower
half of the ‘tubers covered with finely broken
crocks. The compost may then be inserted
in the pot, first a thin layer of Sphagnum
moss, then a mixture of peat, loam fibre
and fine crocks, leaving the growing point
of the plant on a level. with the surface,
When growth. commences, increasing supplies

of water should be. given, and the plants
grown on-:a shelf in a warm. moist house.
After flowering the foliage withers and the

à shelf in
dry
and

plants should then be placed on
a warm, intermediate house and kept.
until they commence to grow afresh
need re-potting.

216

INDOOR PLANTS.

BROWALLIA)

STREPTOSOLEN (SYN.
JAMESONII.

Tuis free-flowering, indoor plant is one of
the prettiest and most useful climbers we
possess; its neat habit of growth and free.
flowering qualities render it invaluable for
covering pillars, rafters or trellis work against
bare walls of a cool conservatory or green-
house. The neat habit of growth makes it
especially useful for planting out where space
is limited. Tt is continually in flower from
May to September, producing in great pro-
fusion moderate sized clusters of bright
orange flowers that change to a brilliant
cinnabar-red colour.

The plant is of branching habit, furnished
with deep green, oval leaves and forms a
flower bud at the end of each shoot, making
a fine display. It does well grown in a
light, airy position where the bright mid-day
sun will not reach. If planted in a very
sunny, dry position this Streptosolen does not
flower well and is subject to attacks of red
spider, which causes the foliage to turn a
yellowish colour and ultimately drop. Strepto-
solen Jamesonii should not be allowed to
get dry at the roots during the growing and
flowering season, but in the autumn, when
it has done blooming, water should be with-
held gradually and in the winter only just
sufficient moisture used to prevent it shrivel-
ling. Before the plant starts into growth in
the spring all weak shoots should be cut
out and the strong ones shortened. When
m full growth and flowering freely the roots
should be given a little liquid manure once
weekly: this will give vigour to the plant,
while the foliage will develop ጹ brighter
green and the flowers assume a richer
colour.

Before planting, be’ careful to see that the
border is well drained, otherwise the soil will
become sour and sodden. The soil should
consist of a mixture of good, rough, turfy
loam, one-third. fibrous peat or leaf-mould,
with silver sand added.

This Streptosolen makes a valuable pot
plant for growing in a miscellaneous col-
lection of plants in the greenhouse or con-
servatory. lt should not be allowed to get
pot bound, otherwise growth will be stunted
and not flower to perfection. When increased
root-room is necessary, shift the plants into
a pot one size larger, but under no circum-
stances use large pots.

This is also a most useful plant for dotting
amongst a misccllaneous collection of plants in
the open during the summer. Specimens for
this purpose require to be grown for a
season or two to get them to a flowering size.
The plants should be plunged in the ground
in their pots and at the end of the bedding
season taken up and stored in a cool part
of the greenhcuse or some place with a
temperature of 40° to 45° whero frost will
not reach them. They should not be allowed
to start into growth until the spring, when
they will require repotting in fresh soil,
removing the old, loose compost of the previous
season. Be careful not to over -pot them
and, if possible, place them in receptacles of
the same size or a size smaller, then place
them in gentle warmth with a little air to
prevent them throwing out weak, spindle shoots.
When well rooted harden them off gradually
before planting them out in the.beds. With
care the same plants will do duty for several
seasons. 1 ከ18 plant is propagated easily from
cuttings made of half-ripened wood early in
the season and placed in a little bottom
heat either in a Mhand.light or frame. As
soon as they are rooted put them in small
pots and re-pot them as required. Keep them
in a temperature about 55^, with atmospheric
moisture; if grown on, plants raised in this
way will flower in the autumn of the same
year. They may be trained as pyramids or

standards.

THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE.

PLUMBAGO CAPENSIS.

Tuis is another quick-gowing and free-
flowering climber and a fit companion to the
Streptosolen. It produces large heads of pale
blue flowers with freedom. The Plumbago
requires similar treatment to the Streptosolen,
when grown as a greenhouse climber, for
growing in pots for decoration of the
conservatory, for plunging outdoors in miaccl-
laneous beds or for plunging in batches in
borders.

If grown on with strong, single stems until
they reach three and a half foet to fcur feet
in length, they will form standards with
handsome heads and flower freely, being very

ornamental in this style either for the
conservatory or outdoor decoration during
the summer. If grown in pots for the

conservatory give them a little liquid manure
once a week just as they are coming into
bud and flower, to keep the foliage in a
healthy, green condition. In the autumn the
plants may be placed in a cool part of the
house, free from frost, and they will need
only sufficient water to prevent them from
shrivelling. This treatment should be continued
until the following spring, when they should
be pruned to make compact heads and be
re-potted if required, or top-dressed before
starting into fresh growth. Plumbago capensis
alba, the white form, does well and flowers
freely under similar. treatment. John Heal,
V.M.H.

ANNUALS FOR CONSERVATORY AND
OREENHOUSE DECORATION.

SALVIA COCCINEA.

Thus half-hardy annual grows about
and-a-half feet high and produces bright,
scarlet flowers. It is very useful [for green-
house decoration, especially during the autumn
or late summer.

If required for spring flowering seeds should
he sown about the middle of September,
giving the young plants the usual cultural
attention required by this class of plant.
As it is a slender-growing species three or
four specimens may be placed together in a
six-inch pot for flowering purposes. Where
required for autumn-flowermg, the seeds may
be sown about the beginning of June. In
their initial stages the young plants are
best grown in cold frames, but when they
aro established in their flowering pots, the
frume lights may be removed altogether or
the plants may be stood in the open on a
bed of ashes. Salvia coccinea grows freely
in any good potting compost.

SALVIA CARDUACEA.

Tuis pretty (Californian species of Salvia
i» well worth growing for the small green-
house, as it only attains a height of about
one foot. It is a distinct and charming
plant with a rosette of Thistle-like leaves
and pale lilac or lavender-coloured flowers.

Seeds may be sown in a cold frame or
cool house about the middle of September,
and the seedlings pricked off, when they are
fit to handle, into thumb pots. Their next
shift should be into sixty-sized pots in which
they should ከቦ wintered. Use a well-drained
compost, as, in common with most Californian
plants of this class, Salvia carduacea is liable
to suffer from damp during the winter, for
which reason the plants should be grown on
u shelf near to the roof-glass in an airy
greenhouse. During the winter water should
be afforded the roots with the greatest care.

Early in the New Year the plants should
be transferred to five-inch pots in which
they should be flowered, or several plants
may be placed together in shallow pans.

two-

Marcu 28, 1925.

— — — — — — — — — —

SALVIA FARINACEA.

THis is another half-hardy annual with
light blue flowers, that might be mor:
generally grown for autumn decoration in
the conservatory; there is also a white-
flowered variety.

It is a strong-growing plant and attains a
height of three feet. To obtain stock for
flowering in late summer and autumn
the seeds should be sown about the middle
of May, either in a cool greenhouse or cold
frame. When fit to handle the seedlings
may be pricked off into boxes or pans.
afterwards transferring them to «small pots.
Their subsequent cultivation consists in
potting them on as they require it until
they are in seven-inch pots, in which sized
receptacles they may be flowered. During
the summer, in their young stages, they
may be grown in cold frames. When placed
in their flowering pots they are best stood
in the open on a bed of ashes. This
Salvia requires plenty of water at the roots
when well established, and a neat stake
should be placed in the centre of each
plant, for if not secured the shoots are apt
to get broken by high winds, the plants
may be removed to the conservatory about
the middle of September. Salvia farinacea
grows freely in any good potting compost.

SALVIA PATENS.

blue-flowered Salvia is a
half-hardy perennial with a tuberous root
stock: for our present purpose we may,
however, regard it as an annual, for plants
raised from seeds sown indoors during
February or early March are often used for
summer bedding.

For our purpose sowing is best.
until the beginning of May, as the plants
are required for autumn flowering. It suc-
ceeds perfectly if given the same treatment
advised for Salvia farinacea. There is a
good white-flowered variety of this popular
Salvia, which is deserving of more general
cultivation, as it is useful for grouping with
the blue-flowered. type. J. Coutts.

THis beautiful

deferred

SOME WOODLAND POPPYWORTS

IN our woodland gardens we have a few
plants which, being allied to the Poppies,
may be grouped under the term, Poppyworts.
All but two species of Meconopsis are
perennials, and for the most part they enjoy

a cool and friable vegetable soil that is
well drained. Full shade is not desirable.
but most of those alluded to will succeed

in only partial sun, and do not seem to
object to tree-drip.

The earliest to bloom is the Canadian
Bloodroot, Sanguinaria canadensis. It thrusts
its twin leaves out of the soil in the form
of & glaucous, purplish scroll when the Wood
Anemones are in bloom, and no sooner arc
they unfurled than the flower bud which
they sheathed expands into an inch.wide
blossom, saucer-shaped and milk-white, save
for the central tuft of gold. This plant
seems to resent root disturbance and is
best planted as pot specimens. It is im-
patient of drought and needs peat or leaf.
mould to ensure uniform coolness at the
roots. There ix a form with larger flowers
than the type. Though the blossoms of S.
canadensis are soon over the leaves are very

beautiful, being shaped somewhat like a
Vine-leaf and of a curiously soft, glaucous-
green suffused with a suggestion. of Plum-
red when young.

Stylophorum — diphylluin, ul lierbaceoua
perennial, is a Poppywort that may be
described as a glorified Greater Celandine
(Chelidonium majus) for it has the same
downy, Pea-green leaves, that are roundly

Minen a doas;

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222

among grass (Champion, Hance), and on the
Chinese continent," which is too vague for
definite acceptance. Dunn and Tutcher* quote
Bentham’s reference (above) and add for
locality Lofoushan. There may, however, he
some confusion with L. Brownii, which is
known to grow wild in Hong Kong. In the
Botanical Register t there is a plate of the
species, with a note to thc effect that e“ L.
longiflorum has been introduced from China by
the Horticultural Society, in whose conservatory
it flowered in May last (1821), when the present
drawing was taken." At this date it does not
seem possible to verify the country of origin

of this particular plant, Lut the writer has
recently received. bulbs reputed to be those
of L. longiflorum from Hongkong, and it

should not be impossible to determine whether

the species is wild there or not. The point
will doubtless be elucidated in Mr. E. H.
Wilson's forthcoming enumeration of Asiatic

Lilies. A. Grove.

GARDEN NOTES FROM SOUTH-WEST
SCOTLAND.

THE usual form of Berberis buxifolia flowers
in this latitude in April: but some vears
ago J noticed in Lady Alice Shaw Stewart's
colléetion at Ardgowan, Renfrewshire, a bush
of this species flowering a full month in
advance of the type. 1 begged for a small
offshoot from it, which is now eight feet
high and was in full bloom on March 12,
having opened its first flowers on February 15.
I have not seen this variety noted in any
treatise on shrubs; but it is a very desirable
one, for it prolongs the flowering season of one
of the best species of the genus. It is a pity
that the rule of priority has caused Sweet's
specific name **dulcis" to be superseded by
Lamarek's “ buxifolia ` -Box-leaved—for the
leaves of this Barberry, each armed with a
needle-point, bear little resemblance to those
of the Box, whereas it is the only one of

the genus known 10 me that bears sweet.
luscious fruit. The blackbirds, indeed, do
not often give one a cehanee of sampling

the ripe berries.

This Barberry. like so many other Chilian
shrubs, revels in. the moist atmosphere of
our western sea-board; but it does not
always get fair room for development, being
too often crowded in a congested shrubbery.
There is a specimen here which, planted on
an open lawn in 1872, now measures one
hundred and fourteen feet in circumference
and fifteen feet in height.

One of the very best plants in the multi-

tude recently introduced from the far East
is Osmanthus Delavayi. The effect of the
cheerless, wet summer of 1924 is manifest

in the sparse blossom on many early-flowering
shrubs; but no vagaries of weather seem to
daunt this pretty evergreen, whereof the
long. straight shoots are wreathed along
their whole length with axillary flowers, white
and fragrant. Not only has it proved quite
hardy. but seven degrees of frost on March 12
have left no stain on the crowded blossoms.

Among — vertebrate animals none has
inflicted such injury upon the rural. amenity
of our country life as the pike and the
rabbit. While the unpalatable, or at best
insipid, pike has ruined an incalculable pro-
portion of our inland waters by exterminating

the succulent trout. every farmer, ‘forester
and gardener has suffered grievously from
the introduction of that most undesirable
alien the rabbit; whieh. be it noted. is not

indigenous to (Great. Britain, but was brought
hither in the middle from the Spanish
Peninsula.

Both of these pests are prodigiously prolific.
While the monks ot old have been held
responsible for the wide distribution of pike
i our waters, I have it on my father's
** Flora of Kwan-Tiung and Hongkong, in Kes Il,
Mise. Inf., addn. Ner. N., 1912.

t Bot. Reg., 1821, vol. 7 1. 560,

AVES

THE

GARDENERS

authority that in his father’s day—early in
the nineteenth century, rabbita were de-
liberately turned loose in this part of Scotland.
whither they had not previously penetrated.

Bitterly did I reflect on this irretrievable
act as | gazed upon a soft, purple earpet

sward

of Crocus vernus, far-flung over the

round our parish manse. There is no wood
near at hand, wherefore no rabbits mvade
these precincts. Were it not for these

rapacious rodents what charming effect might
be had from drifts of this and other species
of Crocus in many a demesne now infested
by them. Luckily, they cannot assimilate
Snowdrops, Daffodils or Bluebells.

The Crocus in question is not one of what
my good friend Mr. E. A. Bowles has aptly
described as “the fat, prosperous, gone-into-
trade-and-done-well-with-it garden forms of
C. vernus"; but the simple, perhaps type.
variety popularly termed the Scoteh Crocus:
1 know not why. seeing that it is assuredly
not a native. It seems to have been dis-
carded by the trade, for I have sought in
vain for it, being invariably supplied with a
Duteh substitute. These Dutchmen are un-
doubtedly fine flowers, but they do not
spread through grass so rapidly as the kind
| have in view, nor do they flower so carly.
In his recent admirable Handbook of Crocus
and Colchicum Mr. Bowles assigns March to
April as the flowering time of C. vernus
(p. 72). That applies accurately to the garden
forms; but the so-called) Seotch Crocus
comes a full month earlier. This winter it
was unusually precocious; I noted the first
blooms in the manse grounds aforesaid on
December 20 last, and throughout January
and February the display continued at its

best. Probably our moist, mild winter climate
may account for the discrepancy. Herbert
Morell, Monreith.
KEW NOTES.
No. 1 HOUSE.
Tar Aroid House at Kew—officially known
as No. 1 House—has ‘an interesting history,
for it was formerly in the Royal Gardens

at Buckingham Palace and is, I believe, the
oldest glass structure in the Botanic Gardens,
for it was re-erected at Kew in 1836. On
the style of the old Orangeries of the
Georgian period it is a massive, stone-built
structure and of very imposing appearance,
although, of course, not nearly so large as
the Palm House or ‘Temperate House, but it
probably ranks third in size. For some
reason or other, most probably because the
plants it contains are not so strikingly orna-
mental as in some of the other houses, it
is frequented by very few visitors, indeed it
may be regarded as the “cinderella” of all
the glasshouses at Kew. "Truc, it is a little
out of the way, for the main pathways
seem to lead right away from it and the
environment is not the most attractive part
of Kew, for the little pathway leading to it
ix guarded on either side by sombre beds of
እዢርርክ while. two very unattractive looking
Palms, Trachycarpus excelsa, stand like
guarding sentinels before it, and with another
uninviting bed of Yuccas behind them. Yet
the house itself is a most interesting one
and is intended to represent the vegetation

of a tropical forest. The temperature is, in

consequence, very warm, and never allowed
to fall below 60°. On the day of my visit.
which was almost sunless, the thermometer

registered 66”, but on a clear, bright day, the
sun will cause the temperature to rise to 90.

The atmosphere is kept charged. with
moisture; the house is damped down the
first thing iu the morning. the floors and
staging being soaked with water and this
is done again at mid-day and the last thing
before closing time. Yet with all this
watering when the house is entered in the

morning everything seems to be drv and the
pebbles on the plant stages appear quite
white as though they had not been moistened

CHRONICLE.

MakcH 23, 1925.

— — — — — — — — — — — — —

for a very long time. But after the firs
damping in the morning drip from the = con.
densel moisture on the roof commences t».
tall almost like rain. especially በክ the nort !:
side, and because of this continual drippm—
of moisture the pot plants suffer through th.

soil becoming. stagnant.
Most of the pot plants on the stages ar.
grown in a mixture of peat, charcoal and

sand with pieces of Fern. rhizomes from the-
peat and a few leaves placed over th»:
drainage. Of course the greater. number of
the plants consist of Aroids, but there are
also tropical Palms, tropical climbers, such
interesting subjects as the Travellers Tres.
Musas, Monstera deliciosa, Pothos in variety.
Alpinias and other handsome.leaved exotics
In former years this house contained some
of the largest Ferns, other than tree Ferns.

to be seen in cultivation in this country.
—four magnificent specimens of Angiopteri-
evecta. These, however, have completely
disappeared, taken. presumably, to some
other glasshouse. T missed also the Hoyas

which at the time when I knew this hous:
very intimately formed a conspicuous feature.
especially when in bloom.

The Anthuriums, of which the
tains a very extensive collection, did no:
appear to ከር so finely in health as I have
known them. but probably the reason i
because the choicest specimens of these and
some of the other tropical Aroids are to be
found in the Nepenthe House, where they
succeed in the highest. perfection, and such
plants as Alocasias develop their handsomely
tinted and beautiful formed leaves in perfec.
tion. The roof is partly supported by a
number of iron pillars, and tropical climbers
are trained up these ,so that the house
appears to boe filed with vegetation almost
to the roof.

One of the most remarkable plants is the
tree of Amberstia nobilis, which has been
described as the most glorious flowering tree
in existence. Since J first knew this tree
it has grown extensively and has reached
practically to the top of the house and spread
over to the opposite bed, so that the branches
extend almost across the house. This trec
usually flowers each season and did so last
year, although I was informed that the display
was not so good as usual, as “the painters
were in" some few months previously.

The main floor of the house is occupied
by four beds with a broad path and a
central circular bed which has been planted
with a variety of subjects at times, including
Dracaena Godseffiana, but nothing has been
found to succeed so well as Alpinia nutans,
a foliage plant like a glorified Canna, which
makes fine growth and apparently does not
mind *drip" in the least.

I think the most interesting. view is to be

house con-

seen at the north-west end where, on the
one side, is a big plant of Ravenala mada-

gascariensis, the Travellers Tree, and on the
other side a tall Musa, M. malaccensis, some
thirty feet tall. The leaves of the Ravenala
are very like those of the Musa, but they
have long petioles which arise from the base
of the plant, whereas the leaves of the
Banana clasp and make a false stem. At
this end of the house is a most interesting
leguminous plant Bakiaea insignis, which has
the largest flowers of all the Leguminosae.
They are white and produced in June.
Bakiaca insignis is a native of tropical Africa,
and has shining. dark green, ovate-lanceolate
leaves, with a curious swelling or pulvina at
the junction of foliage with the stem. It is
noi easy to determine whether the foliage is
simple or compound, but, as the ends of the
growths terminate [በ a pair of leaflets. the
suggestion. is that they are compound.

The tal, iron. columns, furnished with
tropical climbers, are a very distinet feature
of No. 1 House. Those gardeners who have
specimens of Monstera deliciosa would be
surprised to see the size of the one in this
house. it has grown to the top of the
building and produces inflorescences whieh

later give ripe fruits of a favour somewhat

Marcs 28. 1925.

like Pineapple. The plant has sent down
&eéria! roots from above as pliable and as
thick as sash cord, many of them being
twenty feet to thirty feet long: on reaching
the ground they enter the soil and serve to
contribute nourishment to the plant.

On a neighbouring pillar is a specimen of
the West Indian Philodendron lacerum, a
plant with somewhat similar foliage to that
of the Monstera, but not so deeply ርክ! and
of a lighter green shade, nor is the blade
punctured. P. scandens is one of the strongest
growing of all these climbers, and at one
time it formed festoons across the roof,
making a screen over the pathway, but the
plant is now restricted to its iron column.
]t grows very rapidly, and whenever any of

the branches በዮ roots are cut back they
exude a black sap that stains the stone of
the pathway. Scindapsus is another rank.

growing climber of this type, and the large,
ovate foliage has a little variegation or
mottling of yellow like that found in some
Dieffenbachias. In a corner of the house,
growing up the wall, is another stove
climber, namely. Pothos Loureiri. Each shoot
of this plant looks as if it consists of a
compound leaf with the leaflets arising
alternately in the same plane and each has
ዜ constriction about halfway up the blade.
the lower part probably representing a leaf.
like petiole.

Palms are represented by several species of
several genera. The tall-growing Calamus or
Cane Palm, is represented by C. viminalis
from Indiu and Malaya, and C. leptospadix
with long. upright - growing stems furnished
with numerous spines, by whieh the plant
apparently climbs, and graceful, Kentia-like
foliage. Daemonorops Lewisianus is also a
tall-growing Palm and has very spiny petioles
to the graceful, arching, pinnate leaves.

Carludovica palmata, the plant from which
Panama hats are made, has most glorious
leaves of pale green, incised at the edges to
make a beautiful fringe. It has a big, fan-

like leaf and is quite different to its con-
vener, C. plicata, in which the leaves are
very dark green on both sides and split

halfway in the centre of the blade, the rest
of the blade being puckered before the leaf

pinnae separate. Pleomele (Dracacna) thali-
oides deserves mention for the arrangement
and form of its leaves. The foliage bases
are light grey and crowded together as in
Pandanus; the leaf has a long, grooved
petiole and corrugated blade, the whole
looking like an Egyptian boat paddle. One

of the plants is in flower, but the inflores-

cence js not striking. being merely a long
spike bearing a cottony mass of stamens

and a pinky pistil.

Melocanna bambusoides might not be taken
on first sight for a Bamboo, but on close
inspection and especially when the foliage is
drooping and fading the affinity is apparent,

and the culms, too, are very like those of
Bamboo stems.

Another plant that deserves mention is
Xanthosoma violuceum, for it has violet-
coloured petioles and —violet-coloured leaf
ribs. The blade itself is metallic-green, and
hastate in shape, being altogether of a very

grand appearance. The Screw Pines are
represented by a remarkably healthy specimen
of Pandanus utilus growing in a big pot
stood on one of the beds. The serrated
edge, when the leaf is held up to the sun,
is extremely handsome, the whole of the
spines and narrow margin being ruby
coloured. Clinogyne leucantha claims notice
for its beautiful, bronzy under-surface to the
foliage, the blade of the leaf being at a right
ungle to the petiole.

Amongst the more interesting plants on
the stages, beside the collection of Anthuriums
on the south side, are Pitcairnia corallina
that sends up greyish-green foliage some
three fect or four feet long. with little
prickles at the base, from which it also sends
out its imposing inflorescences of scarlet flowers
now in their full beauty.

THE

GARDENERS

The introduction of brackets of virgin
cork after the fashion of big tree stumps,
on the plant stage on the north side, is a
recent innovation. One of these tree stumps
is planted with a variety of Orchids-—Laelias,

Cattlevag, Coelogynes, Sarcanthus, Dend-
robiums, ete, whilst the other has the
numerous pockets filled with Bromeliads,
such as. CEchmea fulgens. Æ. miniata,
Billberzia porteana, Tillandsia tricolor,
Nidularium Mevendortti. and Vriesia. splendens
var. Brongil.

It is too early yet. to see the Dieffen-
bachias at their best, and a little. later the
Anthuriums, Alocasias, Calatheas, and such-

like plants will be in better form, for it is
when they have made their fresh leaves and
the sun has enough power to develop their
rich shades that they show to fullest
advantage. G. F. T.

FRUIT REGISTER.

APPLE BETTY

THERE are various

GEESON.

accounts of the origin
of this Apple. Dr. Hogg in the fifth edition
fo The Fruit Manual, writes: “In the last
edition 1. described Betty Geeson as a
Yorkshire Apple. 11 is really a Worcester-
shire variety, and was sent to a meeting
of the British Pomological Society in 1854
by Dr. Davies of Pershore, by whom grafts
were distributed among members of the
Society." It is not mentioned in the Catalogue
of Fruits, published by the Horticultural
Society in 1842, and was probably unknown
at that time, as over one thousand varieties
were mentioned. Scott’s Orchardist, published
in 1874, dismisses it in a very few words
without any note as to its origin. Ronalds’
Pyrus Malus brentfordiensis does not include it,
while Buuyard's Handbook repeats Dr. Hogg
as to its Worcestershire origin. The Hereford-
shire Pomona states: “raised from a pip
by Betty Geeson, an old woman who lived

in a village near Belvoir.” As the sur-
name *'Geeson " is still to be found in
some of the villages near Belvoir, I con-
sider the Herefordshire Pomona gives the

correct account, and this is corroborated by
Mr. Glenn, of Harston, to whom I lately
addressed some questions on the subject.
He replies: “I asked Miss Hedworth, who
was born here, and her people before her,
and she told me she could tell me about
the Apple as she heard it from her grand-
father and grandmother: the Apple was
raised bv a Geeson who lived in an old
thatched cottage at Knipton—the site is now
oceupied by the Peacock Cottages—she has
a Betty Geeson Apple tree in her garden
planted by her father when she was ten
vears old, or 56 years ago. I have measured

it and it is about thirty-eight inches in
circumference. In. the parish. registers of
burials [ find six Geesons between 1817 and
1540, ranging from = seventy-two to eighty-

seven vears of age: one entry, February 3,
1823, is of Elizabeth Geeson, aged seventy-
seven years. These may have been relatives
of Betty, but it seems fairly clear that either
Harston or Knipton has the honour of being
the place of origin of the Apple.”

A few years ago l knew of several
in the district, some of which have
been cut down. Betty Geeson 15 a
useful cooking Apple that will keep well
into March and generally bears good crops.
In many respects it bears a strong resemblance
to Bramley's Seedling, of which it was
probably one of the parents, although it 13
more compact in growth than that variety;
in the Report of the Apple Conference of
1883 it is No. 27 in the selection. of sixty
culinary varieties. for the whole of Great
Britain, and also appears in several of the
district selections for Scotland and England.
W. H. Divers.

trees
since
very

CHRONICLE. 223

APPLE GRAVENSTEIN.

As a second-early Apple of first-rate
quality. this variety is often overlooked :
it has one failing, its cropping qualities not
being very great, and this militates against
extensive planting of the variety.

The flesh is crisp, but devoid of tough-
ness, very juicy. with an exquisite flavour ;

the fruits’ are of moderate to rather large
slze.

The tree does splendidly in espalier form
on the Paradise stock. and should be much

morc extensively. planted.

Ralph E. Arnold.

HARDY FRUIT GARDEN.

APPLE LEAF SCORCH.

On page 188, Gard. Chron., March 14, 1920»
Market Grower states that at Long Ashton,
deprivation from potash has been shown to
be a cause of or associated with leaf scorch.
Reference. however, to the records published
(Annual Report. Long Ashton Station, 1921
and 1922) shows that this is by no means
the case, 11 appears that trees. from which
potash was withheld were most immune to
leaf scorch, in fact apparently less attacked
than any or almost any of the batehes ;
these are the trees 10 which only rain
water was given (Neries H) — observa-
tion July 6 (Rep. 1921, pp. 40-47) “ከ90
leaf scorch “-—Nept. 24 (pp. 48-50) “no leaf
scorch ; also summary (Rep. 1922, p. 15),
“There was no leaf scorch present during
the season ; whilst individuals in the other
categories showed affection to a greater
or less extent.

It seems that of the
the saline solutions, those treated with an
absence of potash salts are said to be the
most severely affected, but that only points
to some sheltering effect against the untoward
action. of the other, or some of the other,
salts in the solution; and other constituents
might be held to exert a similar sheltering
action, for instance (Rep. 1921, p. 49) severe
leaf scorch with magnesium withheld. Unfor-
tunately there are no controls recorded in
this series of pot experiments, and we look
in vain for the presence of carbonates or
hunie matters, not to say one or more
complete or ordinary soils.

But the possible role of potash jis still
further ousted by the observations on soils
in **seorch" and * non-scorch" areas; a
solitary example is given (Rep. 1921, p. 92)
in which the available potash in the surface
soil of a scorch area is given as 0:0109,
on the **non-scorch " as 0:0129, whilst in
the subsoil the data may be assumed to be

trees which received

identical within the limits of experimental
error, viz.:—0-0058 and 0:0060. In passing.

that we do not know
what may be the requisite available potash
for healthy Apple growth, but Dr. Bernard
Dyer (Journ. Chem. Soc., LXV., 1894, p. 162)
considered that the ‘limit for the non-
necessity of special potash applications
lies below 0005 per cent.” [1 will be
observed that this limit is well exceeded in
the subsoil. not to mention the surface soil.
One large grower, 1 know, avers that
wherever he gets any leaf scorch there. the
field vole has been burrowing around the
trees; this. of course, can hardly be the
universal cause, but it points to the factor
cf soil disturbance. Judging by what is seen
in large plantations, one carries the impres-
sion that the cultivation is done far too
deeply and that the merest surface skinining
would be preferable; the objects being to
clear weeds and engender a more or lees
impalpable surface which would serve as an

it may be noticed

insulating laver to protect firm underlying
soil from the heat and evaporation caused
by the sun. But that is only considering
the effect of one factor. H. ደ. Durham.

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MAJOR “OWL. LONE የ

— —

snd are — 5e

für: hint A 8891. Aynsc fle > ክርዢ-.

el REN arian cuc ires 4 counts

beatific

OMS dhen

& do

"hia

dues i RE n
4 3

ን other” ases

TES re 5-. 18:

በሠ. 1ጩ“ዮ.. for ak
911 -mpote- bus the

Brae cde
Aet tae Me RING:

AA àn- the:
Variis ' — BÍ

e ds ን far thes poicétyeis ut. Af it je served.
ና |
— . ;

es 8:በ፻ሆ.0:. * snb ከህ ካሄ...

| Ui S | D cw Pens ks uh
* — እ ribbed: Veuntable Starr: mdr üe ot
ah ateinu መጋት st

iC MITONG of xduch- mom bier m. d WES 3
dico TKS mdpiestian (bat. cH jitst-tidrie L: quay ;
— “thax” AAT - de offered with Nee

z 086 — t um diac

Fe ደ The, Nagata kis: T^
= eo tivation Sor. qweorty
B. nE — Wb. x
E sind: piy * guns j

x SR in- Wo ዘብሎ Pamay per vr ie “ያየ. wii. plenis 1
ek appears [7 ከ. ;

አግቶ €
M S S

pre: speds -
And. Han

taken: ad hti:

——— 28. 185.

ፈየ

di des pesos ን va. ልው ርበ as. LR Aoi SMS TER Drum
apem ihe: eed ud them insti tec rte qu MA ER
16 pert; di die. int; * By t ds stakes. በዘር the. * st. x d p ፡ $4 A rae Ix Ferntree ሰ — ሚክ ር
Gish) ds currere; boiled dos Eine መስብ, Pew ipse dis: "qeviseri uet 0

M n sing y NS dau. ma dgtrodneticn. Des errors. 3h jiu fie, 3 E 2
ለከመዐክ qmi — de 1795. ea qe -
‘offers: Puripkin md. eife Ra -

draft 'ቤኳዚ' converted: alo. qnin.
Neo proprinm ‘at the: Vegetable M
-ouaverápe እጹ ር po |

RE Gr e asied. | Nt MH አ j Cup :.፡፡
cowedde C Hess በአካ] 16 AC (dw. o yir 88በሄጻ... Marrow. ane ae neeo either Sie

4 de. AR 3
his or his. successore anul., 185] AN. dyhen dh oc.
the M oleae: ('አ16168ሀ፡. ds olde: 5 ‘Casper 22222
nd. “Bolton” ፡ 811309(2.. — tie Wines E — es
Ca as Veget Marros de c pour vis ህጋ 2»

o. Yhey appoi. ia eds atyp uiga
apériy. Copot aad drii worm
— Tau apla site ot PME jn

e — pieni [በ6 m —
e he Ux enr pne the. “youn: i Trane,
hen — Forres | ding. afi dons Obs
| s 18.88. Thiekneses 8:48. tlm; misc chips —
m ue Windsor: ‘Bein, dey are We —
d lee ar በከዩ በ1. ike preferred. 41. በ
gue. Motu EE Aleyo 581. es ru
145 ፡ AE This anui | —
(rime will”
TE * x3

in qn Hu Tir Pira
neni: ope:

4 eur
Cube. A ene ARR hes
Tie args ek thes —— apperi
ane .ከር፡ ር ህክ tallow tne ENESE. Tropi EI
| DH tinued | awh appe Tor Phy
DVilmorun) - HRS
; aimn Hnit. Ape
'.ኣህ15901 i tins pulpicnte: ease: Pu 34.. Charles |
dehens Che enthik nb having "ር |
5 hüpt upon the shans of pecie ዘክ]
— Y ae e.
yt J ;

tni

COP UP

"arigin iode paren
— f
Wpecibs ሠ. ። bim 165: Cre —*
sngechuttas- — Pepai dy p^ Aes n ,
ነ rgetatilé- Marae des plac: eni ርቄ) 4 AM um i ቃ S AS
NOE — TELLS ቨሌ. Week , quash, MAS dU SPP
-4:-8፲ eset: poricecned. | AD,
lege AM Abe: wiemnbors ake * me Gourd WAIT.
ERE ebbe Pepo is 85 Sag: eer. LE, rent veriatis, —
i > ርዕበቬ soi ble ditis fas
Cent Mit: dixisti: de UN ከ ሰ m - diat. t An
rane offered ac des present. ys) ARS OH
Or the subjicit ot ..:/0189(.- thes Herent? i p
-Dodana aK hapit tn ck RAI Cup: ፡ ERA
ee iltusteotes.- nnd. VERRAT fon’ > dither: giras
eredes -ዛ42,2፦-1.- Pepó- major eS. rdiet
mibi plant. with: oblong ከህሀ :

e A

7 ag heh: ot በዘ. qossible- « 86 due phrent ; S p
Poe Pepe 8114896185. TAJUN a Fruts i ከ8ር:8::.፡.

s miinor, ዉ. slender: Mini, dr. -:881611, “round, :.

; naim: Jouitsis ando 4. Popo. Jetas.. Ahat ie
s Brand m Plat Pan. y sienüer- teatis. —

Mec a

Harish: Fort” of ae ek

Ts "nbl ገሎ) ዚ81--- AL: de E mo EU ፡ s TP ip: PEL ብሎ
Marine has 4 et eee RATTAN iiid PAS dafbbent s
<e Fouk.: send: 3 Ser $c Max ፡ Aale * — ከክ m ሕ‹
LE dues. oy Aum pesi alli, thi d dis : — Af: 891: Fahan UE oS T Á —
uen: kisu send” greet dc Bean Fors think rime a x diappenel.- since Wien dsl "nep:
“Rimming niv. va ow በ1: Mae; enn reset: ge soa pos yuk — UE dur detti:
autiot itus. 4936. Dramada Fatulopae EC
1754. offers Verona éd. ‘Moan NOS fria:
Friend ^ dust pde jeuores.. When sigs Tis AOTRE
lindir ;. sand. Miller: 18፡18 7
ubt TAR. wd: SHOES ከ0:
VA “piin: Fii ahi 5t. Ms
Apai hecht. ar ce ok: የ448 Eee አኳ
hus 1 Vhs sah diete “iy deren bys tie
utet ad Eon pkin, dc Apart ly vulbvated. bic

quati

መስ

"Gn. Coa Dippy. dic anc — ‘varied
1): 209)5. he this tee fid neguinéimen ts "ef ETER
“Pina sie divided oatarally into fien.
«aes = Trading: ow3neb aaa የ፲ “praducn,
die 381 - longest dendi 3192... fmi tbe
Ae ው ከግቤ ጆክ jv Trruté. sot: qiedid m.
can pun qur often ase 4h. qmnmntueey uud: the:
Hed EH: aE des VREY በክባብክ6
; — 18: for:
eer The Truit ELS — vay young static

S Ed — LA s th wy will = ot

A KR uero *
— Cy then "Miss e ae agpein-

. ክ0ሀ: 4 885: aids, s ዘበጽ 46:8. ነ Abe 55418 - ‘oar re

the መ». adr 67: wtash, 59:5: BH Ahe- belt

#8 ND flee ብ]. which. they eim eH Ahe-

: deni SK
prede

he

“ድ

— d "bns i — Ves

— Green = Biriped, And: ን ን Hat
ኒ gins AUTE ‘Crean; ques ot

AS pad:
ratte Sripal, (amiini ta, Table

jor rho trai: aud በሃበ6 add. ir little: AE 998; < ‘Bist tireeh Custard Lan; P Ofsuind.
Shad apite- tea ther’: teka it 38 aqua ovan- qan : 3 and. : (በ8. © ‘Other. LAPL ።- jeociqde-
pnt row the: SOF miner. AC Hee putes D መ and: 1096. 8- ያየ ENENG et
ope “Cis 16 streng: የ661... E 7... Picy yd, a —— weht o roid o MA
Mr Henui det: ait; 698 — eld ' In gol

ኣፏ Ex. DIS as
ts was; ' 5

— uv ox RE

Maser 28, 1825.

— —

‘Spring የገዲ ዘነየ

the Exernenry xf ih date x

For

"ከ58 tu 286:

STANDARD —

. in great variety, consisting 9፻.
LIMES, PLANES, ELMS, Eten Ete.
EVERGREEN & DECIDUOUS SHRUBS, "viz;

Box. gréed and variegated: » Ry. A: Ie

Bees. Carman. s gd
2 ‘Variegated wl. gre
= cwafietise- -2 tà. The

: —— borealis, Tote 3416.
Cuptresma: A Weoniata, JA te ta 6.
. Sprhee Fusi te dE w
Codrus a li ntc glaxica: ር y Rue; ዝህ vx ig hi
OSmanthas)| Daily tapas: : ያመ ሰፍር
Niburnuims, Sem Tae

GOL DEN. ዣጄህ5. የ
A Magnifici Stock 18. ell shapi d dare
[rom 2 te 10 fe

AZALEAS 4 great! እ ን du. ፳ 8.

/RHODODENDRONS, without. doubt
' Ibe fnést. stock im the trade dh

named varieties, 2 0. aad 3 NEU

/;RHODODENDRONS, Standards |
PURUS in best: named verieties.. —

“Heaths 18 great. arien and
E V good stack of. (general: Mares 290999.

አ ሰስ | Cokndoy wits pon’ adipem via
AW | ከሆዘበመዉ aad. ከክህ94 dnd: ee

KNAP HILL NURSERY
WOKING STATION, SURREY.

— —

2፡2. DOBLE OUR. BUPPL "OF
* VEGETABLES & FLOWERS BY SOWING-
.። FRES TRIZE GARDEN. SEEDS.
‘ALTERS F PN Susie erem Ahk ob እ. quo -F uak”
Tietes ADIL »- TYRE- HESY UN s VU bee WORT
This PRIRE "Pub awe —— ond. Tints the
Minti —— arcs ti 1 ga A fom pe Jus wg.
ዘም ችል ett AP EN የል
ጻህጩ ^u LL (i Sine

Ust eda quens dti! e d Cu —* LE "tit it $n "d

ጾ52፡8፣ a As የ13 y:

የ7; rs aer GOES amika 5f vt CRDI CULTUS wp d Mg.
፳፻3ሙ=488 Sonpetiiven.

-ይፈቦው, Bold X 88ዛ## Medi, Wed 190. 893ከ815
£a at Warrowtal Pel. gi der way t us vr —

ል X. 3. argus.

ኒ EAB PIMSHE EY, ¥

B Prize. 5«ህ4ሔ:889, CC
te y 5t ,0606 Vica to

d pi re,

“ANTONIO DAVANZO, fu u

ANDRIA (BARI) ITALY.

" porrum SKLEC TEË APEC

3 Chane: ፲ጻና hur au rocas] : XS. 3
Caulis qu doe Aet Teter

ሂል acis o n ANY SPECIAL

THE.

ው.

ye

ና ሲኒ; Way JW) Preces ls ዝህ. F KA,

2 Re ; — | (ue Records;

4 GIUSEPPE FRATELLO Co, ¢ |
i j s ' E 3 past c
| WHOLESALE SEED. GROWERS | ie i ; nr? White Wonderi $a dias js
1ኣ:1.1 FEYS ነውሪ ማቸ

| GARDENRRS.

EARLY

“for best Featilta the
fear:

ንን alit Car:
ations. for Garden

| on requeti,
A 3m i Spas
ፊኒ ፈገ VAgE

ti. ሐያት d ERT አ IN

27 n (rue i tistis s varieties

rv f ጄ. s SEES ; ae ' ae Xs ፦.. S2: ሣ
— af AAS ditis St. a Ss, የ16 ውጤ an

K^. .. ኣአኢዚንክ፡ VERFÜME.

ENS "4. Vise sna Dici t rv And unique Varnation “|
AT.

Pername (5 8፲ሀር86ብ by leading ‘Chemists

aN x tik: X8, 5>;. 8.. መል nr 5; and. Ii- per. bottle; or}.
EL vase. eb duse: 38. — — direct from

Ey d d RE
COH.

4 —v ሠሪ "nm sib

— HAYWARDS HEATH. SUSSEX.

: | ፐ። («5

P SOUTH. LONDON WEE
- HORTICULTURAL STORES.

1H. SCOTT & 5085]

—— 1822 "(ሀ5፻. ለ.1:89ቄ13:. ;

de “መዘ ee M 4 |

| Moss Mid Wanita 5. S e dde
58 14: uncut LAWN E i ቁ squats |

“ር ር m woonsine 2 3 —

| 6607 ገኘ LAWN MANURE — Ib: te avery

4 quare yards): 'ኸፄቕ” per. owt; | S on.
0017 VINE AND. PLANT: : ዘልሸሆጀክ፪. q

* due per የ:8፡1 820 per የበ (carriage paid) | Abe

ate ን

GOLD MEDAL '.

cw Siiven uE. 86//፡9/ቁቦ
“Medals -

“4 Silane: ‘Banksia. ‘Medals

— Award: of Meni

ite ia Jini. MARIS ኳ undis ;

ከ ke Lis Pty n
wici ተኩ ey
php bl se: qan A

ps

| E E Ici ኣኛ dtr [ጩክ {ks d'Opipierset; fee’
— 6 244. J or Panis sve ከ.
* T Gs die Gi ned "Bay: ኤይ ታኦ Brisk he ፡

do WFO RSYTH

"C 3 Vel aca: iro er adu E Porti uh TM

PUTTERIDGE, LUTON, BEDS,

^ መጩሪ 2፡3 Pr
J —— post fr e:

Collections 1.
"and JOE ከ
Mackina Paid prices.

iet ማወ Border m

Jr
E
|
|
i

E P Hate o

DHRONICLE E

AT n —— — —

M CARNATIONS ይ ALLWOODIL

- አቪቓርርርክ (Dat Croatie — "a ከ

IMPROVED LAWN SAND | P T MAGNI ከበ

ao Shi dard Jor. 2880" 2 tft. Mad 58:6 en A.

ix.

1 CHE WEED KILLER

: LAWN SAND

# sa teased 668 Medal Ángla- American Exhibition

‘Weed: Kidér--Yin 10 mate 26 gallons, $i) 6 tor
o9 gains, £i-: postage, #4... ዕ0 wash. የ.

| dan Band. qu. a~, 58 the, ME.
ihe Ate — 00. iius — —

RIVERS’
FRUIT TREES ]

and ROSES- 7

Plant now to: save à. ‘Season. ae

ASPARAGUS.

44 keira strong. wraded roots: |
"og <1) E ea ረው.
| vires uow lve ር ኣሃ ben reads.

Thomas. Riva: & Son. Ltd,

The: Nurseries- ፓሪ
| SAWBRIDGE WORTH, HERTS.
a Raika Raton 557.8.

Jr 2 2 Aand

፡ VEGETABLES -

| Magnificent — Po
bles and elioive flowers.
~ can ከር grown by those .
who dise . Nitrate of 2).
oy Soda an conjunction with
— phosphates: and potash.

ኩ Hits jur pirim pit,
Gardens (or J sry Ayton,” TW s
EN UE tip ለዛፍ Ts Fnit Teens dud
CUTAMS guis gt] jreh Hy PRE CHILRAN- ዔ። *
“3717: E Briard Heese: =
— Oed Tied Ail MN mu * 2

CPAP STAN

1መ፡ GARDEN 8 "v

| Small Mesh; tor Seéde. und. Pruit Protection - de

፳--

ጸቡ vorda ioni í yard, wide jis

Nc TUE 0 me a, — LM we orm ovt
HRS ላ Y ANT a Me: oe
9»). EN * Vue x Ne KI Vs WA ነሬ Us: *

BO ats Ao. ae ር EA VES fans

60 ፲ m G }

—* è d
*8
"

NETS

Bai ierarhia ፡

STOUT BLACK

np iei

ET Tonic 06ህ፪ Boriering. wit ኒክ lis 384 Bottom. s. x

A yards ding; - "bafis? 1120. Dua V ተኝ
NU Ags — ER A A AROE — Re te
"35: ; Cr 4e Fw Ree ነት Hs ; ቬን ዓዓ”

Mt 4:11 lage pail

H. . ROBINSON, -

መኮ and Tennis Net warts, RYE: DX

. ዘ. ነ “ከ / d 2 CNN
e Mtm. A ben

- — — — —
Lr pe hanes” pinta es EATEN aa Pe NER * — —— መው: መዓ — — — —

X; THR GARDR NERS CHRONICLE. Se — 109. 2 :

The Results of a

-ዲ, Bi na መመመ ai Century's Research :
Genuine oniy from ‘DICKSON'S, HAWLMARK, BELFAST. | En

— PLANTS |

| HARDY SCOTCH GROWN

Growers requiring. Chrysanthemums, |
| Dahlias, Pansies, Violas, Hardy Her-

haceatis and Alpine Plants should
consult (our Plant- tane. Post
Free. on 6 Apulie. |

. Mention: thie Pops

DOBBIE & CO. V. |
af Kors Sevlunen — —EDINBURGH., |

“you QU * ‘hires 8: d By do: get Vi Mind —
“or cheaply, even H you Wele sure: of . arr*iug safely
| “Then why daboriously and). ‘expensively: mew. mur —
E ፈረ የፈረ 3 D é d FUB hice | grass with: push 860. ከህ፲ጻ6-[የሃበ. mowers - ; V SEAT

! | Aet d^ Governor” Parent Waters C. aoled Motor —
Vp and. do. 'ሃቧቤ፻ caiting. and ‘third | oF the Be ion me
PL ANT I LIFE oN EAST. Nu a hetter Ai go per cento ከ88 6ኛ6/. E i
NDA de MK vq $ 1 Qi ኣዌ፡
-ANGLI AN HEATHS Jd A be Governor 4583) tapé üt SARR 18: ፡ 869 d Pus inus

de iid: cehable,: and: i represents, the finest uz Mitek
E mH mer ——— &eienue ከ45. Xet evolved. NE m 89.

/ ፡ ከጁ Ohak vanont aud Experi ic || rte » 3 E 2 ise Hays :፻ሞ4:. SERA: EORR des od Ts —
| “Mental Memis ofthe Visti er Yt PAN m o A ha uem do :
OL s Breekland. Qs Meo RES
Bee By 1 dne aout. SUNY. kA
NERO Ep uu "ils, vay eee ay

i os uses while Vini with

UN ም ine

or,

GA M BRIDGE. ‘UNIVERSITY. Water's Caniat,

A ; | I dne $ PRESS Loads Sify. A C. E ; H £ m
- — X- ' 2 እህ መባ
3 Weser | £65 -
: SEL Don't. Bura Your — ERE edd
: G A. R D E N R u BB I s SH E 1 dum à wd Ut
5 THETIC CBE

FARMYARD. MANURE | |
By the’ - A DCUO. Process: ||.

(Patented in tha United’ Kingdom. «nd. 46 f

okt tiis tire 6! yeas There. i: often: m arpuinitia- eU h
"ton of )16ቧበ| iraves; Cewrihga Dorn Herbaosoua ::-
Cs boars, and-olter resistant ridteriet, #[ከህፅ Utte. —— —
"or no. "reet fehue 15 available: "Pa dent with this) 0500
claws of ruaterial to the Bent advantage A j ና
|
4
|
!

| | "MOTOR LAWN MOWE R
Q2 WhTER-GOOLEED da

Standard ADCO Write for: P İllustrated , Booklet. Nou: Ja’ Sale Proprietors ;—

should be gaed, “This lea ins re giowentia battetial o. ድፉ iN ARAS ae
| atraia dt tiat AEE ‘Accelerator, vapable uh TORN SHAW : (RONS w Or e CS ate 1 ፐ ita : ene. (6); ay
ratting straw: (end leaves, atium. atc. ‘quite <> 3-5; à a አ — ad V ዘ41 PAN ተዘር ur ታቸ tide VES. : DET

easily ኩክ the addition nt water 09/7. Stan- | — N
dard ADCO ha been ded with: iuünetuae 0 -|

í EIE EOT Gy Varmidts; Erini Htawen. and Plantes. MIT
"dr 89 parte uf She work? : Spem
it yout 894896) 45 fat stork: 6800 ክርር eesti 181 * ——— raat h
፡ ing Mit name and nearest Goods St CM

d cwt Standard ABCO, nna oes ስርርር: Tons, Xx

ES 16. dA Ue Jo. ሕ 3. igh pi wt. SO. kc. |. Aralias, Crotoni,: Caladiüms, ‘Dracianas, epa a

Ji LOOK ! TANNED GARDEN NETS

3 * SAAT. ጠበ fé: ዝር] ሬባ, same. day, $
A ( drriage guid. — Caw ዛህስ መዘ: - kinds of Foliage, Flowering. % Citmbing Plants | E quis 51 yard ከመር. sx. RA ae ውጽ. x: *
ለ0ር0. LTD, | s aT N C Harpenden, 86 | vo የአአ and ደ መዳሃጄ ollveli. m the. trade ui ኒ (101 REGNE, — heshe 0,885. tard 8. |

^10 EE EU car Bae: noui] ኋሺኒ 312ፎ | sup T 4.
A. R. RUSSEL. ^ LTD, M CERT TASR T J——
Bichmood, i rarius, — Seer. | | MOORE: & — Net Works, RYE

ye
"Wd f

*
— M tre

Marcu 28, 1925.

a green, striped form of Pen-y-byd, which is
superior in every respect. Rotherside Orange,
a modern introduction, with small, flattish-
round fruits of a creamy-orange colour, was
also highly commended at Wisley.

The last section is the Custard Marrow,
which differs from the foregoing in many
respects. It is claimed by some modern
botanists that this singular plant does not
belong to the Fancy Gourds, as the form of
the fruit would lead one to suppose, but is
an offspring of Cucurbita Pepo, and some
comfirmation of the justice of the claim is
furnished by the fact that it was so classed

in the Herbal of Dodonaeus nearly four
hundred years ago. It is a fair inference
that at the date when the Herbal was

published the Custard Marrow was a novelty,
and that it was considered a valuable find,
for in addition to an illustration of a fruiting
plant such as is given of other varieties
considered worthy of being illustrated --- a
pieture is given of the front and back view
of a fully developed fruit (Fig. 93) which
are identical with those of what is believed
to be the parent variety, viz, a yellow-
skinned, flattish-round or shield-shaped fruit,
the produce of a semi-trailing plant, which
is the most popular form grown in Britain
to-day. ‘Phe Flemish name given by Dodoens,
Brede oft Platte Pepoenen, is in plain English
Broad or Flat Pepo: the Latin name is Pepo
latus. In France it is known as Patisson
and in America as Patty-pan or Cymling
There are now several other — varieties,
notably the Silver Bush Custard, which has
rather larger, milk-white, flat, star-shaped
fruits, and is the most popular variety in
America and other warm countries. A sample

of it in the recent trials at Wisley was
Highly Commended, Other varieties are the
(Green, the Striped, and the Orange, Lut

these only differ in the colour of the skin.
The foregoing are mainly bush varieties,
but there is a variety known in America as
Congo and under several other names, which
is a trailing plant and produces conical fruits.
This iw not often seen in Britain. The old
'lV'horburn. firm possessed. a very good strain. of
it, but of its early history very little is known.
Although, as shown above, the Vegetable
Marrow had become an article. of commerce
ia England in 1831, its merita do not appear
to have been fully appreciated ዘ! that time,

but the foregoing lists will show that since
that date it has shared in the progress

which has affected aH branches of horticulture.
S. B. Dicks.
RED CHICORY.

Rep or Venetian Chicory is. |
known as Gorizia (a place which showed
other redness during the war) along the
Adriatic, and this is the name we generally
use. \ilmorin gives the synonym * Rouge
de Lombardie " and “ Buntblättrige Forellen-
Chicorie.” 11 is a useful addition to the
winter or early spring salad, together with
its larger brother the Witloef; it also gives
an inviting bit of colour, intense as the
Beetroot.

As obtained in the market a more or less
considerable proportion of leaves are varie-
gated in the plants raised; however, ከት
continued selection one can very — nearly
eliminate these and get full, deep, self-
coloured leaves. My strain was obtained in
Trieste about 1912 and we eliminate all
variegated specimens for seeding. For the
past few years we haye had very few varie-

understand,

cated plants.

When blossoming the plant is strikingly
ornamental with its coppery leaves and
delicate blue flowers, forming a “Lush =
about four or five feet high: so much so
that one friend begged seeds for raising

plants for ornamental purposes.

It has u disadvantage against Witloef, in
that it does not make such fine roots; they
tend to fork and do not yield the compact
the

heads that are given by “King of
winter salads"- a necessity for the enrl y
salmon! H. E. D.

THE

GARDENERS?
NOME CORRESPONDENCE.

Strawberry Plants and the Wet Winter.—
(See p. 154) 1 fear that many Strawberry plants
will come to grief this season in many other
parts of the country besides Bangor. In
North Devon our plants have almost vanished,
owing to storms and torrents of rain. During
the past three months we have registered a
total of 14.44 inches of rain. North Devon.

Bees and Apple Fertilisation. —— | am
interested in this subject and have made
trials for ten years for the purpose of
discovering whether varieties of Apple are,
year by year, self-sterile or «elf-fertile. 1
believe the experience of all those. who have
made experiments on the fertilisation of our
hardy fruits is that the same results
generally are obtained year by year. In
Apples I think one might say two-thirds of

the varieties are absolutely self-sterile, and
only one-third are in different degrees self.
fruitful. Among the most self-fertile Apples
may be mentioned: Stirling Castle, Rev. W.
Wilks, Lord Derby. Golden Spire, Irish
Peach, and Christmas Peach; but each of
these varieties will mature, say. five or
more times as much fruit with pollen of
another variety. Cox's Orange Pippin and

Lane's Prince Albert. each showed themselves

self-sterile, but after. one hundred. to one
thousand trials each has matured one or
more fruits: personally I have made many

self-pollination trials. without getting fruit to
mature from either of these varieties, whereas

with pollen of another variety some fifty
per cent. of the trials mature fruit. The
conclusion of all experimenters is that no

variety ot Apple grown in England (or

elsewhere) is sufficiently self-fertile to plant
alone for profit. The chief experiments on
the subject have been made at the Royal

Horticultural gardens on Apples, Pears, and
Plums, and at the John Innes Horticultural
Institution on Apples, Plums, and Cherries,
and from either of these information can be
obtained. My own experiments on a smaller
scale at Wye correspond very closely with

their results. There is naturally some
prejudice against bees among fruit growers
because they do possess stings and because
bee-keeping necessitates some trouble and
knowledge of doing things at the right
time. But 1. believe any one who studies
the subject without prejudice, knows
that bees increase — fruitfulness. ] have
noticed that the most progressive and suc-

cessful fruit farmers in Kent keep bees and
believe in them. Locality will influence the

advisability as to whether or not to keep
bees; where there are plenty of bumble
bees and small wild bees and the area

under fruit is not great, perhaps hive bees
would make little difference ; but where
there are extensive plantations say of Black
Currant, Gooseberry, Plum, Apple and more

particularly Cherry, provided there are
different varieties of the tree fruits, J am
gure bees will increase the yield. — Cecil H.

Hooper, Wye, Kent.

Masdevallia tovarensis. — 1n his notes 00
Masdevallias (Gardeners' Chronicle, page 178),
Mr. Colliers advice concerning Masdevallia
tovarensis reads: “When re-potting this
species cut away the flower spikes close to
their base." 1 wonder if this is a slip of
the pen, for if the withered flowers only are
removed leaving the flower stems intact,
flowers are produced the following year on
the old flower stems. Masdavellia.

Carnation Competition. In reply to Mr. C.
Engelmann's letter regarding our recent
Carnation competition, the necessary voting
cards were sent out to all our clients in
the autumn, and also with all catalogues.
We did not stipulate that a voter had 10
be an actual grower of a variety before he
or she could vote upon it, and we imagine
that some voters were influenced by our
family name and by entnlogue descriptions.
Allrood Bros.

CHRONICLE.

SOCIETIES.

ORCHID CLUB.

THE meeting of the Orchid Club on March
13 was noteworthy for a remarkably fine
display of Cymbidiums and Dendrobiums.

The President, Sir George Holford, K.C.V.O.,

was present to meet the members of the
Club.

PREMIER DIPLOMAS.
Cymbidium — Alecanderi Westonbirt var.— An
upright spike of six large, well formed

flowers of great substance. The sepals and
petals are white, the lip also is white with
a zone of crimson blotches.

C. Miranda Westonbirt var.——A | magnificent
arching spike of twenty-two large, well formed
and elegantly displayed flowers. The sepals
and petals of a greenish golden hue; the lip
is white with à marginal crimson band.

C. Flamingo var. roseum—A_ seedling plant
flowering for the first time; it carried a spike
of five flowers having the rounded form of
the Merlin parent. The sepals and petals are
white flushed with rose, suggestive of Apple
blossom tints; the large lip is white, flushed
with a zone of dark rose colour.

C. Redshank.—The plant carried a spike of
eight, large. well-formed flowers. The sepals
and petals are white, the very large lip white
with large dark crimson blotches and lines.

DIPLOMAS OF MERIT.

Cymbidium Landrail. --A fine form of

this hybrid.
C. Bullfinch var. Brilliant..-A well-formed
flower with sepals and petals yellow lined
with crimson; the lip is white with a crimson
band.
C. Goosander
exhibited had

very

var. ezquisitum.—lhe plant
two fine spikes bearing large
pleasing flowers of good shape. The sepals
and petals are white, the lip white flushed
with a zone of dark rose colour.

C. President Wilson var. magnificum —A fine
spike of somewhat wingy flowers of exquisite
and unique colouring. yellow, golden-brown
and crimson being the prevailing tints.

C. Redstart var. clegans.— A beautiful spike,
of perfect habit, the well-formed flowers
giving an impression of cream-coloured satin.

C. Cygnet, Holford’s var.— This plant. shows
a distinct break in colour, the sepals and
petals being an art shade of terra-cotta and
contrasting well with the sulphur-powdered
lip. All the foregoing were exhibited by

Lieut.-Col. Sir GEORGE HOLFORD.
(GROUPS.
Lt.-Col. Sir GroRGE Horronp, K.C. V.O.

(gr. Mr. H. G. Alexander) exhibited a group
of eighteen Cymbidiums raised at Westonbirt.
In addition to those which received awards
there were included, C. Alexanderi roseum,
C. Redstart splendens, C. Ringdove, C. Flamingo,
C. Miranda magnificum, C. Bustard, C. Curlew
aureum and C. Yellowhammer.

As a mark of appreciation of the pioneer
work in Cymbidium hybridisation which has
been progressively carried out at Westonbirt
over many years and with such successful
results, the Gold Medal of the Royal Botanical
and Horticultural Society of Manchester was
awarded to Sir George Holford.

Dr. CRAVEN Moore (gr. Mr. Gilden) staged
a brightly coloured group of Odonticdas and

Odontoglossums, including Odontoglossum
Orestes, Odm. Pyramus, Odm. Princess
Yolando, Odontioda Red Cross, Oda. Mrs.
Ogilvie, and Oda. Gladys.

A. T. Cussons, Esq. (gr. Mr. F. Cookson)

staged a large mixed group, Including Lycaste
Skinneri. Cusson's var., Phaius Marthae, P.
Sanderianus, Zygo-Colax Veitehii, and various
Cypripediums, Cymbidiums and Dendrobiutns.

Sir WiLLIAM Tuom (gr. Mr. R. Williams)
exhibited a group of Dendrobiums, including

226

good plants of D. King George, D. Lady
Colman, D. Cybele, Athol House var., and
D. Cybele alba.

B. J. Beckton, Esq. (gr Mr. W. A.
Stewart) exhibited an interesting selection of
species and modern hybrids, among which
mention may be made of Dendrobium
Radiance, D. Magda, Laelia cinnarbarina and
its hybrid with L. harpophylla; Bulbophyllum
Dayanum, a well-flowered plant of Coelogyne
sparsa and cut flowers of the unique
Arachnanthe Cathcartii, Sander’s var.

F. T. Paur, Esq. staged a good variety
of Miltonia Bleuana.

F. T. HaNBuRY, Esq, V.M.H. (gr. Mr. J.
Matthews) exhibited an interesting selection
of cut flowers of Dendrobium hybrids raised
at Brockhurst, namely, D. Gatton Monarch
in several fine varieties; D. Miss F. E. King,
D. chessingtonense and a new, unnamed
hybrid between D. chessingtonense and D.
Melpomene.

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL.

MarcH 24 AND 25.—The usual fortnightly
meeting was held on Tuesday and Wednesday
last in the Vincent Square Hall, Westminster.
The exhibition was almost sufficient to fill
the large building and included Orchids,
forced shrubs, spring bulbous flowers, alpines,
Carnations and Hoses. Several fine new
Daffodils received awards, also two new
Rhododendrons and a blue-flowered Primula.

Orchid Committee.

Present: C. J. Lucas, Esq. (in the chair),
Gurney Wilson (Secretary), James O’Brien,
J. Wilson Potter, Richard G. Thwaites,
S. W. Flory, E. R. Ashton, John C. Cowan,
T. Armstrong, A. A. McBean, J. E. Shil,
Fred. K. Sander, H. G. Alexander, Charles
H. Curtis, H. T. Pitt and Fred J. Hanbury.

AWARD.

A Preliminary Commendation was awarded
to Odontioda Viscountess Folkestone (Oda.
Coronation x Odontoglossum !’Empereur),
from R. GEeRRIsH, Esq., Milford Manor,
Salisbury (gr. Mr. Sorrell). This new seedling
is.of great promise and was shown with its
first flower, a large and perfectly shaped
bloom with white ground heavily blotched
with ruby-purple, the tips and margins being
mauve coloured.

GROUPS.

A Silver Banksian Medal was awarded to
Messrs. SANDERS, St. Albans, for an effective
group with Cymbidiums at the back, varieties
of C. Ceres and the hybrids raised from it
being conspicuous, a variety of C. Ceres
roseum with a ruby-red band on the lip
being specially distinct. Among the Brasso-
Cattleyas B.-C. St. André (C. Dowiana x
B. nodosa) is a pretty flower of medium
size with emerald-green sepals and petals
and broad, rose-veined lip. A good selection
of Laelio-Cattleyas was shown, the most
striking being L.-C. Royal Sovereign superba,
the large flowers having copper-orange sepals
and petals and a ruby-purple lip. Among
the Cattleyas was the new C. Capitol
(Trianae ignea x Syros) a large and showy
flower, and Monarch a fine variety.
The scarlet Odontioda Lambeauanum and others
gave fine effect. Oda. aurantiaca, species of
Dendrobium and a good selection of Dendro-
bium hybrids were all of interest.

Messrs. STUART Low AND Co., Jarvisbrook,
Sussex, were awarded a Silver Banksian
Medal for an excellent group of Odonto-
glossums, Odontiodas and Odontoglossums,
with finely-flowered Cymbidiums at the back.
Varieties of Odontoglossum crispum were
good and varied, O. Faustina Low's variety
being specially fine. Among rare species
Schomburgkia undulata, Dendrobium atrovio-
laceum, D. Brymerianum and fine forms of
D. Wardianum and hybrids were noted, while
a plant of Oncidioda Stuart Low with thirty
bright red flowers was one of the most
conspicuous features in the group.

THE

GARDENERS

. ' OTHER EXHIBITS.

Harry WonmaLEy, Esq., Haslingden, showed
Odontoglossum crispo-Solon var. Ruth, one
of the finest forms of this famous hybrid,
with large white flowers of firm substance
bearing in the middle of each segment a
cluster of rich violet-purple blotches.

BARON BRUNO SCHRÖDER, The Dell Park.
Englefield Green, (gr. Mr. J. E. Shill) sent
a spray of a very handsome seedling from his
Dendrobium Model which had previously secured
a First Class Certificate and is one of the
best Dendrobes; also his Odontioda The Dell
Duchess with a fine spray of scarlet flowers with
white front to the lip and which received an

Award of Merit when he first showed it.
Messrs. FLorły anD Brack, Slough,
showed their new Odontoglossum Falstaff

(Portia x cximillus), a fine flower with the
inner parts of the white segments blotched
with purple; the new Sophro-Lelio-Cattleya
Vulcan (L.-C. Dowiniana x S.-L.-C. Anzac),
a Cattleya-like flower with bright violet
sepals and petals and ruby-purple lip; a finely-
flowered Odontioda Rubicon and Brasso-
Cattleya Nena, Langley varicty.

Messrs. A. J. KEELING, Westgate Hill,
Bradford, staged a good selection of Orchids,
comprising Dendrobium Ashworthie, tho rare
white species of the D. atroviolaceum section,
which was also shown; D. Aurora and other

hybrids, Cymbidium | Emerals, some good
Odontoglossums, and Cypripedium Daisy
Barclay (Godefroye x Rothschildianum)
which is one of the darkest of Cypripediums,
the flower being lined and tinged with
blackish-purple.
Floral Committee.

Section A.—Present: Messrs. H. B. May

(in the chair), J. F. McLeod, Arthur Turner,
H. J. Jones, J. M. Bridgeford, W. Howe,
Donald Allan, M. C. Allwood, E. R. Janes,
G. W. Leak, F. Streeter, H. R. Darlington,
F. G. Cousins, D. B. Crane, W. P. Thomson,
Chas. E. Pearson, J. B. Riding, and D.
Ingamells.

Section B.—Present: Mr. Chas. T. Musgrave
(in the chair) Sir Wm. Lawrence, and
Messrs. Jas. Hudson, W. J. Bean, G. W.

Loder, ነኝ. B. Cranfield, G. Harrow, C.
Williams, E. H. Wilding, A. Bedford, T.
Hay, E. A. Bowles, Amos Perry, F. (i.
Preston, R. ነኛ. Trotter, G. Yeld, Reginald

Cory, R. C. Noteutt, and Clarence Elliott.

AWARDS OF MERIT.

Primula Bunty. — A handsome Primrose
somewhat after the P. Juliae type, but very
free-flowering. The blooms are large and
finely formed; rich violet-blue with a small
yellow eye. Shown by Messrs. BAKERS.

Rhododendron Bernard Gill—This effective
early-flowering Rhododendron appears to ከሁ
a member of the Cornubia class. The widely
campanulate flowers are borne in large, com-
pact trusses and the colour is soft rose-red.
The crimped margins to the blooms arc an
added attraction. Shown by Messrs. R. GILL
AND SON.

Rhododendron Fireball. -A brilliantly hand-
some early flowering variety, with broadly
campanulate blooms. The latter are of a rich
carmine-scarlet colour and have slightly
frilled margins. We counted eighteen flowers
in one of the large trusses. Shown by
Messrs R. GILL AND Son. |

GROUPS,

Forced shrubs were prominently shown by
several exhibitors. Messrs. L. H. RUssELL
had a very charming display against the
end wall. Rhododendrons, mostly of the
species and varieties. grown in greenhouses,
were an important feature, as these included
the old favourites Countess of Haddington,
Countess of Sefton and R. Gibsonii superba.

Several ^ good forms of Wistaria sinensis,
deciduous — Azaleas, — Pyruses; and Clematis
were also well shown. (Silver-gilt | Banksian

Medal).

CHRONICLE,

MancH 28, 1925.

The Rhododendrons shown by Messrs. R.
GILE AND. Son including branches of R.
ciliiealyx and R. albescens of delicate beauty.
R. argenteum, R. Cornubia, and various R.
arboreum hybrids were also of great value
and were obviously garnered from out-of-doors.
Large quantities of St. Brigid Anemones and
a Primula Juliae variety were also included.
(Silver Banksian Medal).

A goodly variety of carly-flowering Rho-

dodendrons, mostly as single trusses, were
shown by Mr. G. REuTHE, who also had
other shrubs and alpine plants. (Silver
Banksian Medal).

Vivid masses of the mollis type of Azalea
were arranged by Messrs. R. and G.
CUTHBERT. These included mollis sinensis

hybrids, and along the back they disposed
splendid little plants of Cerasus Hisakura in full
bloom. (Silver Banksian Medal).

There were the customary little rockeries
and collections of alpines, but some of them
bore the imprint of hurried construction and
indifferent planting, though there were a few
notable exceptions. Messrs. Wm. CUTBUSH
AND Sons filled a corner space by the tea
annexe with what would have been 8
particularly charming exhibit had only the
front line been finished with plants instead
of the yellowish material. With this exception,
which probably could not have been avoided
in the circumstances, it was a very satisfying
arrangement (S‘lver Banksian Medal).

The arrangement of the low rockery set
up on the staging by Messrs. CARTER PACE
AND Co. was very successful, and provided
suitable places for many Primulas, Saxifrages.
Narcissus cyclamineus, and similar tiny sorts.
At the back there was a good selection of
appropriate shrubs (Silver Banksian Medal).
A very interesting exhibit of alpines in pans
was made by Mark Fenwick, Esq. (gr. Mr.
F. Tustin), Abbotswood, Stow-on-the-Wold,
Gloucestershire. This embraced a useful
variety of plants and evidenced very skilful
cultivation (Silver-gilt Banksian Medal).

Messrs. Bakers, Lro., had a very good
collection of spring flowers. In addition to
many Saxifragas there were pans of Solda-
nella. Narcissus triandrus and many other
useful alpines, with such shrubs as Daphne
Cneorum, Cytisuses, Viburnum Carlesii and
Gaultheria procumbens bearing its relatively

large brilliant berries (Bronze Banksian
Medal).

Mr. CLARENCE ELLioTT had a large pan
of Saxifraga (irisebachii and also showed
varieties of 8. oppositifolia, ^ particularly
Wetterhorn and splerdens (Silver Banksian
Medal). Saxifraga Rob Roy and similar

brightly coloured varieties was prominent in
a collection arranged by Messrs. MAXWELL
AND BEALE, while the Misses HOPKINS
incluled many blue Primroses of good colour
in their exhibit. A small rock-garden was
also arranged by Messrs. SHEPPARDS, Lro..
and planted with Iris bucharica, Primula
frondosa and other alpines. ‘They 8180 had
many Polyanthuses. Messrs. SKELTON AND
Krrsy also showed gently forced alpines and
other plants on a small rockery (Bronze
Banksian Medal).

Saxifraga oppositifolia
dermannii (of Kew), 5S.
Cneorum and various other rock.garden
plants were shown by Messrs. R. TUCKER
AND Sons (Silver Banksian Medal). Similar
Saxifrages were also well shown by Messrs.
WATERER Sons AND Crisp. Other desirable
alpines included the blue Omphalodes verna
of rich colour, Narcissus nanus and Fritillaria
Meleagris (Silver Banksian Medal).

varieties, S. Sun-
apiculata, Daphne

Daphne Mezereum was particularly notice-
able in the exhibit of Mr. F. G. Woop,
who also showed Cytisus praecox, Deutzia
gracilis and other decorative plants (Bronze
Banksian Medal). Gentiana acaulis. of rich
blue colour, Fuimonaria angustifolia Azure
and Primula Juliae were arranged on a
rock-garden by Messrs. M. PRICHARD AND
NoN (Silver Banksian Medal), while Messrs.

Marca 28, 1925.

W. H. RoeERs AND Son planted their rock-
garden with Morisia hypogaea, Lithospermum
Heavenly Blue and various dwarf shrubs
(Silver Banksian Medal).

Mr. GEoRGE G. WHITELEGG massed ex-
cellent spikes of Iris tingitana, dwarf
Japanese Azaleas, Saxifraga Irvingii, S. lilacina
and Androsace Chumbyi Brilliant. (Bronze
Banksian Medal) Mr. ArTHUR PnATT and
Messrs. BLACKMORE AND LaAXGDON both
exhibited excellent strains of Polyanthuses.
(Bronze Banksian Medals) A good collection

of Polyanthuses was also shown by Mr. N.
A. MILLER, who also showed Dielytra
(Dicentra) spectabilis, Primula denticulata
and Fritillaria Meleagris. (Bronze Banksian
Medal). Messrs REAMSBOTTOM AND Co. had
their customary collection of Anemones; Mr.
BaALpwIN PINNEY showed Violets, and Mr.

J. KLINKERT exhibited topiary specimens.

A large collection of Carnations was well
arranged by Messrs. ALLwoop Bros. The
fancy varieties were prominently shown and
these included El Dorado, Coral Glow,
Chintz, and Wivelsfield Apricot. The com-
peratively new Shot Silk, of bright Indian
Red colour was also well shown. (Silver-
Gilt Banksian Medal).

Many vases of Carnations were also staged
by Mr. C. ENGELMANN, who had good blooms
of Cupid, Laddie, Peerless, Aviator, Nigger
and other useful varieties. (Silver Banksian
Medal). Messrs. STUART Low anv Co. had
large vases of Winsome, Betty, Jane, Eileen
Low, and other pink Carnations adjoining
an interesting collection of Acacia armata,
A. leprosa, A. cordata and Hippeastrums.
(Silver Banksian Medal) Under the clock
Messrs. SUTTON AND Sons staged plants of
Cineraria hybrids of a new intermediate type
in lovely colours. (Bronze Banksian Medal).

Fresh and bright Roses were set up by
Mr. Ersa J. Hicks, whose chief varieties
were America, Mrs. Elisha J. Hicks, Climbing
Lady Hillingdon, and Chas. E. Shea (Silver
Banksian Medal) Mr. GEoRaE PRINCE showed
Florence Haswell Veitch, Climbing Richmond,
Edith Cavell, and Madame Butterfly Roses.

Narcissus and Tulip Committee.

Present ; Messrs. E. A. Bowles (in the
Chair) P. D. Williams, W. B. Cranfield,
F. Herbert Chapman, J. W. Jones, Herbert

Smith, Reginald Cory, P. R. Barr, C. W.
Needham, Alfred W. White, G. ነኛ. Leak,
Charles H. Curtis, W. Poupart, J. D. Pearson,
Geo. Monro, Geo. Churcher, and tho Rev.
J. Jacob. |

AWARDS OF MERIT.

Tulip Helentum.—A very showy variety of
the Murillo type. The big blooms are
double but not too solid, and when fully
expanded they are very effective. The
colour is clear, Buttercup-yellow. Shown by
Messrs. SUTTON AND SONS.

Narcissus White Nile.—A beautiful, white
Trumpet variety, which obtained an Award
of Merit for show purposes in 1922 and was
granted an Award on this occasion for
market and garden cultivation. The perianth
is white and the trumpet pale cream colour.
Shown by Mr. L. RicHARDSON, Waterford.

Narcissus Godrevy.—An opulent Trumpet
Daffodil (I, a), beautifully proportioned and
of a rich, golden-yellow colour. The trumpet
is very wide and has a broad, recurving,
frilled rim; the perianth segments are wide
and finely formed. Award granted for show
purposes.

Narcissus Bodily. - A charming = Giant
Leedsii (IV, a) variety; with broad, but
bluntly-pointed, white — periunth segments

and a rather straight, yellow-frill«l trumpet.
Exhibited for show purposes.

Narcissus Milkmaid. --Another Giant Leedsii
variety (IV, a), of great beauty. It has
broad, white, perianth segments, but the
inner three are pointed ; trumpet pale yellow,

with paler shading at the frilled rim. Award
granted as a show variety.
Narcissus St. Winnow. In this chaste

Giant Leedsii form (IV, a) the white flowers

THE GARDENERS

— — —— —— — — —

have pointed perianth segments of con-
siderable substance, and a broad, frilled
trumpet. Award granted as 8 show variety.
Narcissus Dominick- -One of the finest
formed flowers in a wonderful set. The
colour is deep golden-yellow all through.
Althouzh classed as an incomparabilis form

(II, a), it has a rounded, frilled trumpet, as
in many Ajax sorts, but shorter than is
admissible in the latter section. The whole
fiower is finely proportioned, substantial in
texture, fine in colour, and well poised on a
stout stem. Exhibited as a show variety.

Narcissus Damson. -A showy, incomparabilis
variety. (11, a), but it was impossible to find
a reason for its name. The broad, perianth
segments are rich, cream-coloured, and the
trumpet cream, stained with red, the latter
colour also appearing at the bases of the
perianth segments. A show variety.

The foregoing seven fine novelties were
shown by Mr. P. 1). Wiuirams, St. Keverne,
Cornwall.

GROUPS.
SUTTON AND
of double-

space — Messrs.
Medal exhibit

On a floor
Sons had a Gold
flowered Duteh Tulips. The general idea of
the arrangement was twin circular beds, on
low eminences, with longitudinal beds radiating

from them. The round beds were planted
with dark red varieties and the radiating
beds contained. separate varieties of different
colours. The association. of various colours
in juxtaposition always presents difficulties,
but Messrs. SUTTON AND Sons handled the
different shades so skilfuly as to make a

harmonious whole. The central varieties were
Vuurbaak and Luminosa, while radiating were
Apple Blossom, Murillo, Salvator, Queen of
Pinks of similar shades, Azalea, a delightful
mixture of pink shades; Sunset, yellow and
scarlet; Mr. Van Tubergen, rich yellow, and
Mystern of India, of fascinating metallic buff
sheen (Gold Medal).

Narcissi were freely shown and of con-
siderable merit, in a splendid collection
tastefully arranged by Messrs. BARR AND

Sons. There were several vases of seedling
Incomparabilis varieties of distinctly superior
merits to the standard varieties. The blooms
were very large, of good substance, und
carried large, brilliantly coloured coronas. Of
the named varieties Croesus and Sunrise were
especially good, while Bernardino attracted a
deal of attention. There were also many
good large Trumpet varieties, and in addition
to some very promising seedlings, Aerolite of
soft yellow colouring; Fantin Latour, rich
yellow; Nero, bicolor, and Yorick, rich yellow,
were of considerable merit. (A Silver-gilt
Banksian Medal was awarded but a higher
award would not have been extravagant).

In a noteworthy collection arranged by
Messrs. J. R. PEARSON AND Sons the large
Trumpet varieties included Louise L. Linton,
bicolor; Capelle, sulphur-yellow, bicolor ;
Vertan, deep sulphur tube; Hon. Mrs. J. L.

Francklin and White Dare, all of large size
and paler shades of colour. John Cairns,
deep yellow, and = Whistler, pale yellow
perianth and = deeper tube, were also worthy
of special mention. Besides the foregoing,
this collection contained some very good
poeticus and Barrit varieties (Silver-gilt
Banksian Medal).

Messrs. 1)0)088[ር and Co. had a large
collection በየ. Poetaz Narcissi growing in
shallow pans of soil. Those with white
perianths included Alsace, Aspasia, Elvira,

Lucrece, Sycamore and Triumph, while chief
amongst the sorts with pale yellow or cream

perianths were Admiration, Bouquet Enorme,
Halmon and Sovereign. (Silver Banksian
Medal).

ላ collection set up by Mr. J. L.

RICHARDSON included Golden Chariot. a

showy large Trumpet; Slivenamon, of similar

colouring: and. Silvo, a paler. yellow. Medusa

and Glorious. of the. Vazetta section were
good examples. (Silver. Banksian Medal). Mr.

|. W. Bank had a small collection, obviously
eut from the open. ground. These were
sturdy and. of. full. colour. The chici sorts

CHRONICLE.

227

were King Alfred, Lucifer. Blackwell and
Poeticus ornatus. (Bronze Banksian Medal).
An excellent exhibit of bulbs growing in

bowls of fibre was again made by Messrs.
R. H. Batu, Lro. Darwin Tulips pre-
dominated, and these included Mrs. Potter
Palmer, King Harold, White Queen, Atala,
W. R. Verboug, Eclipse, and The Inter-
national. They also showed Irises, Chiono-

doxas and Scillas grown similarly and with
equal success. (Silver-Gilt Banksian Medal).

Fruit and Vegetable Committee.
Present :—Messrs. A. H. Pearson (in the
chair), J. Cheal, W. Poupart, H. S. Rivers,
G. F. Tinley, W. Giles, A. Bullock, F. Jordan,
E. Neal, G. Woodward, W. H. Divers,
H. Markham, A. N. Rawes and John
Basham.

The members of the
gratulated the Secretary,
on being present again
severe illness.

The only exhibit of importance was a
collection. of twelve varieties of Apples re-
presenting some of the choicest sorts in
season, staged by Messrs. G. BUNYARD AND
Co., LrTrpb. The varieties were as follow:
Alfriston, Heusgen's Golden Reinette, Stark,
Barnack Beauty, Ontario, Allens Everlasting,
Norman's Pippin, Sturmer Pippin, Wagener,
Sir John Thornycroft, Brownlees Russet and

Edward VII.

Committee
Mr. A. N.

after his long

con-
Rawes
and

WESTERN COMMERCIAL HORTICULTURAL.

second Western Commercial Horti-
cultural Show was held at Penzance on
March 12 and 13. The event held in 1924
was probably the first of its kind in this
country, its main aim being to popularise
British produce.

The support received at
extraordinary, and exhibits came from all
over the country. The show had the
support of the Ministry of Agriculture, the
Controller and Deputy Controller being
present, whilst leading salesmen, such as
Messrs. George Monro (London) Clarke
(Sheffield), Craze (Leeds), Cale (Leeds), Kent
(Cardiff), and leading growers like Messrs.
G. R. Wellband, Hayes and Baxter, of
Spulding, gave their support. The Royal
Horticultural Society was represented by Mr.
F. J. Chittenden, whilst among local horti-
culturists the show was fortunate in having
the support of Lord St. Levan (president),
Rev. A. T. Boscawen (chairman), the Lord
Lieutenant of Cornwall, J. C. Williams, Esq.,
P. D. Williams, Esq., and other well-known
local enthusiasts.

The propaganda campaign of the secretary
(Mr. H. W. Abbiss) was such that growers
came in from all parts of the West Country,

THE

this show was

and the hall available in Penzance was
inadequate to accommodate the influx of
visitors. Something like two-thousand-five-

hundred people attended the show.
The competition in all elasses was par-
ticularly ken, but in the case of the packed

Nareissi the judges had a very difficult
task ; about eighteen boxes were entered.

The prize-money for the erated Broccoli was
very large, owing to the generosity of Messrs.
Shearns (London) and Flook (Newport), and
this attracted a goodly number of competitors.
All the paeked exhibits at this year's
exhibition showed a distinct advance on
last years effort. This demonstrates that
the educational purpose of the show has
been achieved. Exhibits in. the Narcissi and
bunched-Violet elasses came from so far as
Spalding and Jersey. The non-competitive
and trade exhibits were most creditable, the
display of seedling and new Narcissi by Mr.
P. 1). Wrenrams being unique.

Shrubs were exhibited by the Rev. A. T.
Boscawen, and, as usual, these were much
admired by visitors. ፲ R. Borrrio, Esq.,
of 'lrengwainton, also put up a very choice
display of flowering plants. Messrs. BARR AND
Sons, of London, had a very fine exhibit

228

this received a First-Class
Messrs. TRESIDER, of Truro,
FARM.

of Narcissi, and
Award of Merit.
for Shrubs; RoucH Ler FLOWER

Newlyn, Penzance, for floral designs; and
Messrs. SUTTON AND SoNs. Reading, for
Vegetables, also received First-Class Awards
of Merit.

Mr. T. MarruEws, Gulval, secured first
prizes for trimmed — Broccoli, for — Broccoli
raised and grown by the exhibitor, for a

package of Broccoli other than. a crate, and
for Cabbages. Mr. J. PENGELLY, Penzuncc,
was also successful in several vegetable

classes, and Col. PAYNTER, Nt. Buryan, led
for forced and also for natural vegetable
crops, and for a collection of commercial
market garden produce. Mr. ኮነ B.
CHAMPERNOWNE, Truro, showed the best
non-returnable package of Trumpet Daffodils
in. the class open to growers in Cornwall
and the Isles of Seilly ; the same exhibitor
led for a collection of Narceissi, and won
several other prizes, including the best
exhibit packed in the show. Poetieus

Narcissi were best shown by Mr. H. GOODING,
Isles of Neill, who was also successful in
the elass for meditum-cupped = Narcissi. — Mr.
B. Baxter, Spalding. led for yellow Narcissi
and for bicolor or white Trumpet Daffodils.

Mr. J. J. Jenkin, Isles of Seilly, won
first prizes for St. Brigid Anemones and for
Anemone fulgens. Mr. E. Prewerr, Devoran,

had the best package of Violets. Mrs.
WHALE, Mr. F. l'«ecoxNiNG. Mrs. J. WALLIS,
Messrs. W. and 41. Woop, Roccu LEk
FLowkR Farum, Miss BULKELEY, and Messrs.
AVIS AND NON, were other successful
competitors.

In the amateurs! section, Mr, F. G. Lawson,
Truro; Mr. R. J. BrEwrrTT, Culval; Mr.
Joun WaLLIS; Miss Fox, and Mrs. T. E.

MATTHEWS, were the leading prize winners.
The value of this two-days' educational
show was considerably enhanced. by the
conferences, | demonstrations, and lectures.
Competitions were also. held. in. the bunching

of Violets and = Narcissi and packing of
Broccoli for the market. The speakers at
the Flower Conference included Mr. George

Monro, Mr. P, D. Williams, Mr. G. R.
Wellband, and Mr. Hayes. of Spalding.

The chair at the Vegetable Conference
was taken by Mr. W. G. Lobjoit, whilst
speakers included Mr. ^F. W. Clarke, of
Sheffield ; Mr. W. Craze, Leeds; Mr. W.
Kent, Cardiff: and Mr. H. V. Taylor. The
Deputy Controller of Agriculture (Mr. H. V.
Taylor) gave a very interesting lecture on
Colonial Methods of Growing and Marketing.

The nucleus of an association was also
formed on the second day, and it is hoped
that the growers will obtain. distinct
advantages from an amalgamation of this
kind.

MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND
ORCHID.

MarcH 20.--Committee Present:
The Rev. J. Crombleholme (in the chair),
Messrs. R. Ashworth, A. Burns, A. Coningsby,
J. Cypher, J. Evans, A. Keeling, J. McCartney,
E. ነኛ. Thompson, and H. Arthur, Secretary.

FRIDAY,

FIRST-CLASS CERTIFICATES.
Odontoglossum crispum, Stanley Baldwin.
A large, white, well-shaped flower four inches

across, with broad, fimbriated petals. From
Mrs. (:RATRIX.
Odontglossum Rosina. West Point variety,

(c.cimnaum Laudy /”›፣፣/ሂ).- -3 flower of good
shape; the colour is bright claret with a
narrow edging of white. From N. GnATRIX,

Esq.
Cattleya Douaii car. Quien Mary. A very
tine variety The bloormis are over eight inches

across With broad, pure white petals, the lip
having lemon Jines. From Mr. J. Evass.
AWARDS OF MERIT

Odontoglossum Alderley and Odontioda Meteor,
West Point variety. From Mrs. Grarrix.

THE

GARDENERS

Odontoglossum | Chocolate Soldier and C'ypri-

pedium Cardemona, Haddon House variety
(Carola ~ Desdemona). From P. SMITH, Esq.
Oncidium Hey House variety, one of the

O. macranthum hybrids. From J. McCartney,
Esq.
(GROUPS.
S. GRATHIX, Esq., West Point (gr. Mr. C.
Branch), staged a group which was awarded
a Nilver-Gilt Medal.

A Silver-Gilt Medal was also awarded to
Mrs. Bruce and Miss WRIGLEY, Bury (gr.
Mr. A. Burns), for a miscellaneous group of
Orchids.

AND Sons, Cheltenham,
awarded a large

Messrs. J. CYPHER
staged ዜ group which was
Silver Medal.

LAW NOTES.
BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS.

Ar ከ meeting. of the creditors of John L.
Carvel, Main Street, Alexandria, of the Scottish
Gardener, the Trustee in the sequestration,
Mr. Walter. Galbraith, stated that. the money
promised by the bankrupt በ! his public
examination had not. been paid, but that a

relation had assigned twenty shares in a local
estimated value

gas company of an of £8
each. The book debts of £148 10s. were
valued at £50, making the total assets £210,
equivalent to a dividend of 9s. ld. per £,

subject to the incurred in the

sequestra tion,

expenses
SEED POTATOS.

IN the Court of Session, on Tuesday, Lord
Ashmore delivered judgment in an action
at the instance of R. and N. Paton (1921),
Ltd., Potato Merchants, Edinburgh, against
Robert. Wyllie, farmer, The Heugh, North Ber-
wick, for payment of £1,467 Ss. Id. as damages
for breach of contract. Briefly stated. the
pursuers case Was founded on a purchase made
from the defender in January, 1923, of 400
to 500 tons of King Edward Potatos at the
rate of 40'- per ton. seed dressed on H1 inch
and through a 2-inch riddle, and at the rate
of 30/- per ton for ware dressed on a 2-inch
riddle, and that it was an express condition
of the sale that the Potatos should be
properly dressed. and any wrong tubers kept

out. The seed Potatos were sold. to various
sub-purchasers who claimed damages against
the pursuers on. the ground that the Potatos
were mixed. ‘Phe sum sued for represented
the amount the pursuers had to pay and
also a further sum of £1,000 for loss and

damage sustained by the transaction.

After a lengthy proof his lordship decided
in favour of the defender and found him
entitled to expenses. He expressed the opinion
that the defender did not sell pure King
Edward seed Potatos but sold mixed Potatos
and that he did not agree to keep out the
rogues. The evidence showed that before
negotiations were began. the pursuers knew
that the Potatos were King Edward mixed
with other varieties, and that the letter sent
by the pursuers to the defender confirming
the bargain incorrectly set forth that the bad
or wrong tubers were to be kept out. It
was proved. -

(a) that it was quite exceptional to try
to pick out wrong varieties in the course
of dressing Potatos as they were passing

over à moving riddle because of the difti-
culty of distinguishing and eliminating
the rogues in motion: (b) that the
defender, who had been selling Potatos
for over thirty-five years, had never
before been asked to take out rovues under

similar conditions, and the witnesses en-
perieneed. in the growing of Potatos hàd
never known of rogues being picked out
after the Potatos had been lifted froin. the
field and pitted; (c) that the proper time
was when the Potatos were growing and
the bloom was on them, when it was

CHRONICLE.

Marcu 28, 1925.

comparatively easy to distinguish different
varieties from the shaws; and (d) that
when, as in this case, the Potatos (were
badly mixed, it would be practically im-
possible for the women to observe and pick
out more than a limited proportion of the
rogues.

The evidence showed that the defender had
acted fairly towards the pursuer and had
done his best to secure that the rogues be
taken out. Moreover, the pursuers salesman
twice or three times a week watched the
work of dressing the Potatos and was satisfied
that it was being done properly. There was
no evidence to the contrary. The mere fact
that the rogues were only partially eliminated
and that the tubers used as seed had
produced a badly mixed crop was not incon-

sistent with the case which the defender had
agreed to undertake. It was right to add
that in his lordship’s opinion the claim for

damages was clearly ill-founded, for although
the Potatos were admittedly mixed varieties,
the pursuers sold them as King Edward seed
Potatos without qualification and, therefore, in

effect, guaranteed them to be true to name
to the extent of ninty-five per cent. That
meant that in making their sub-contracts

they did not rely upon any guarantee given
by the defender which he had failed to
implement. It followed that the defender was
not responsible to the pursuers for damages
which they had sustained because of a
representation which the defender did not
make to them, but which they, without his
authority, express or implied, and without
his knowledge took upon themselves to make
to their. sub-purchasers.

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

NAMES OF Fruit: F. J. R. 1, Court Pendu
Plat; 2, Lord Derby; 3 and 4, Lane's

Prince Albert ; 5, Hambling’s Seedling.

NAMES OF PLANTs: Uncertain. — ], Nagina
glabra var. pilifera; 2, Sedum hispanicum
var. minus; 3, Helxine Solicrolii; 4, Sedum

album; 5, Sedum rupestre; 6, Poterium
sanguisorbifolia ; 7, Pieris floribunda. Regular
Reader. 1, Erica. carnea variety ; 2, Euony-
mus japonicus variegatus; 3. probably
Melissa officinalis; 4, Anemone Hepatica
var. flore plena. Mre. W. Helleborus col-
chieus. W. A. S. Jasminum nudiflorum.
Mrs. B. Helleborus viridis.
SULPHURIC ACID AND WATER: S. F. O.

acid
water

Pouring large quantities of sulphuric
into water, or large quantities of
into sulphuric acid has the same ርቨኮር1!,
if they are brought together at once. The
chemical change that takes place instan-
tancously has the effect of causing great
heat to be evolved. This heat should be
allowed ample space and time to escape
as it is being produced. If water were
poured into a — narrow-nocked bottle of
sulphuric acid, or into the bung-hole of
a barrel of sulphuric acid containing no
other opening, there would be an explosion.
Not merely the first drops of water poured
on the acid, but the whole quantity is
concerned in the. results. until. the acid
gets hydrated. In the answer to a corres-
pondent on page 1351, tbe advice. was to
put the iron sulphate into a barrel
and pour the sulphuric acid over it and
dissolve 11. The next process was to pour
11 the water gradually. Presumably no
one would think of preparing a solution
for spraying or watering a path other
than in a 111) or similar vessel fully open
411 the top. When water is poured into
this slowly the great heat keeps escaping
all the time.
Communications Received.—H. M. ኮ.--ላ. R—
ኣና. K.—G. A. H.—L. 6. W.—H. C. B.—s. E. F.—

A. D. W.—H. W.—W. A.—H. F.—G. W.—R. H. J.—
H. G.—F. K. W.—4. O.--J. C.

MARCH 28, 1925.

THE

MARKETS.

COVENT GARDEN,

Tuesday,

March 24, 1925

We cannot accept any responsibility for the subjoined

reports.

They are furnished

to us regularly every

Tuesday by the kindness of several of the principal

salesmen, who are res espo

lt must be remember

nsible for the quotations.
that these quotations do

not represent the prices on any particular day,
but only the general average for the week preceding
the date of our report. The prices depend upon
the quality of the samples, the way in which they

are packed,

day.— EDS.

the supply
demand, and they may fluctuate,
day to day, but occasionally several times in

the
from
the

in the market and
not. only

Plants in Pots, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.
(All 48’s except where otherwise stated).

Adiantum 8.0. 8.4.
cuneatum

per 508. . 10 0-13 0

—eleg . 10 0-12 0
Aralia | Sleboldii | 9 0-10 0
Araucarias, per

doz. .. " 80 0-42 0
Asparagus u-

08116 ud is . 12 0-18 0
—Sprengeri ` 12 0-18 0
ያች perdi green 36 0-60 0

lenium, per

OZ. .. .. 12 0-18 0
—32'8 . 24 0-30 0
—nidus ... ... 12 0-15 0
Azaleas, per doz. 15 0-36 0
Cacti, per tray,
—]12's, 15's ius t 0-70
Cinerarias, doz. 15 0-24 0
Crotons, per doz. 30 0-45 0
Cy clamen—

MM | M —— 0
—48'"8 .... , 0-30 0

|
|

8.1. 8. 4.
Cyrtomium 10 0-15 0
Erica melanthera,

48's per doz. 21 0-30 0
— ብ0'8, pe er doz. 8 0-10 0
Hyacinths, in

boxes—

—white, pink and
blue, per doz.
spikes . 30-40

Marguerites, white,

48's, per doz. ... 18 0-30 0
Nephrolepis, in

variety ... .. 12 0-18 0

.. ሙስ2'5 ... 24 0-36 0

. Palms, Kentia ... 50 0-48 0

=-ብ0'8 re . 15 0-18 0

|

Pteris, in variety 10 0-15 0

—large 60's 50-60
—small .. .. 40-50
—72'8, per tray

of 155 ... .. 26-36

ርጩ Flowers, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.

Adiantum deco- s.d.s.d.
rum, doz. bun. 18 0-24 0
—cuneatum, per
doz. bun. ... 12 0-15 0
Asparagus plu-
mosus, per bun.
long trails, 6's 1020
m . Spra —
rt oe 5 09-13
—Sprengeri, per bun.
long sprays... 16-20
edit » .. 1016
short ,.. ... 04-10
Azalea. white, per
doz. bun. .. 90100
Bouvardia white,
per doz. bun ... 12 0-15 0
Camcllias, White,
per box .. 8 6-40
Carnations, per
405. blooms ... 30-50
Croton leaves,
var., doz. leaves 0 9- 2 6
ir a
— Emperor,
doz. bun. pi 10 0-12 0
—Golden Spur,
per doz. ከ118. ... 30-50
Ee Alfred,
02. bun. ... 10 0-12 0
ze Dbvallaris: per
doz. bun. .. 90-50
—Sir Watkin, per
doz. bun. .. 50-100
Fern, French, per
doz. bun. . OF 18
Freesia, per doz.
bun., special ... 6 0- 8 0
—White, per doz.
bun. ... .. 26-30
—Special, long,per
dos bun. .. 9 0-12 0

Galax, American,
green and bronze,
per doz. bun. ... —

Iris tingitana, per
doz. spikes...

Lilac, Dutch, per
spikes

3 0
5060

40-80

Lilium = speciosum
rubrum, long, per
doz. blooms ..

—short » 9 ...

Lilium longifiorum
long, per doz. ...

Lily of the Valley,
per doz. bun. ... 24 0 36 0

Narcissus—
—Scilly White, per

40-50
30-40

70-80

doz. bun. 30-70
—ornatus,

doz. bun. 5 0-10 0
Orchids, per dos.
—Cattleyas ... 24 0-80 0
—Gypripediums ... 50-70

s.d s.d.
Primroses, per doz.
bun. .. .. 26-40

Prunus triloba
(Dutch), per bun. 1 0- 1 6

Richardias (Arums)

per በ05. . 40-90
Roses, per doz.

blooms, Rich-

mond . 10-80
Ruscus, French,

per bun. .. 1020
Smilax, per doz.

trails... . 20-30
Sweet Peas, per

doz. bun. . 15 0-18 0
Tulips, per bunch—
—Bartigon 16-30
—Clara Butt 2039
—Couronne d'Or 20-26
—La Reine ..116€2930
—Prince of Austria 1 9- 2 0

—Wm. Copland... 20-26
Violeta, per doz.

bun sis . 20-40
French Flowers—
Anemone, dble,

pink. per doz.... 36-50
— De Caen, mixed,

per doz... 80-90
—single blue, Dor

doz. .. 30-10
Carnations, per

bun .. 1 6-20
Freesia, long. per

pad . 14 0-15 0
Marguerite, yellow,

per pad.. ረረ. 0-100
Marigolds, per pad 7 0-10 9
Mimosa, per pd 8 0-15 0
Narcissus—

—Grand Primo,
per doz. bun.... 20-50

Ranunculus, double
scarlet, dozbun. 8 0-10 0
—Carmine, per
doz. bun .. 80-120
Star (Allium),
per pad, 48’s ... 10 0-15 0
Stock, double
white, per pad
24 bunches ix
—double coloured

Violets, Parma,
per bun. ^
—asingle, per pad

Wallfiowers, per
pad 259) . 50-80

T 0-10 0
7 0-10 0

30-36
60-80

REMARKS.—The cold weather has not improved trade and
business is not brisk in view of the approach of Easter.

Daffodi
this tends to keep up prices.

Is from out-of-doors are coming in very slowly and

Tulips are not over-abundant

GARDENERS

4nd are maintaining good value. Roses are more plentiful;

the supplies of Lilium longiflorum and Richardias are on
the short side. Violets are plentiful. Supplies of Carnations
are anfficient for present demands.

Fruit: Average Wholesale Prices.

Apples— 8. d. s. d. s. d. s. d.
ር AINE . 40 0-35 — Messina,
—Oregon ew- per box ... ... ሽ ዑ-12 0
town m E 16 0-18 0 | —Naples ... . 18 0-?1 0
—PBramley's
ling— 2 12 0-1ጸ0 Oranges, Jaffa ... 16 0-17 0
—Callfornian —Spanish— v
(ew r —300’s ... 16 0-40 0
Newtown . l5 0-14 0
—Stark ... ... 28 0-30 0 | —360's io anne
— Baldwin ... 260-800 | ፦9048 ... .. 140-260
—Lane's Prince —Messina Blood — 16 0
Albert... ... 10 0-14 0
Bananas, singles 16 0-25 0 sh South
Gee ..17 0-27 6 -- Beurre n4 40-60
66 — Beurré Hardy... 4 0- 00
— Belgian Colmar, F — Louise Bonne of
— ህን የ — Jersey 10-60
Africae: | Pines “a . 20-46
—White Hanepoot ፣ 0-10 0
Sa Hanepoot 8 0-10 0 i E African 4 0-120
—R: SN; ሙ 12 0) r በ
ከ.) EE —Nectarines |... 5 up 0
Grape Fruit, ` —Plums, Kelsey ፣ 0-10 6
Cuban .. ..200-240 | Št Serres: per
—Jamaica ... 20 0-25 0 "m : . 12 0-30 0
— Florida .. ... 22 6-27 6 on Dates, doz. 5 0-60

Vegetables: Average Wholesale Prices.

s. d. s. d. s.d.s.d
Beans, Guernsey, | Lettuce, per dozen 1 6- 3 0
perlb. ... . 1620 . —Outdoor .. 26-30
—Worthing . 10-20 Mushrooms, cups 3 (›- 40
—Madeira, per ; —broilers ... .. 30-36
box des * 6-80 | Onions, Valencia,
te rt. 5 . per case 15 6-17 0
Pests, per pi — ge ፡ | —English, percwt. 12 6-14 0
Cabbage, per tally 10 0- ' Parsnips, per cwt. 4 0-60
Canary 1sland Peas, French, per
Tomatos .16 0-226 , cane — 70-80
Cauliflowers, per | Potatos Canary
02. dus . 30-50 | Island, percase 8 0-12 0
Forced Mint, per | —Spring crop 16 0-18 0
doz. aoe .. 4 0-10 0 Potatos, per ton—
Celery, best, washed, . —Dunbar ... 220 0-240 0
per bundle .. 1 60-20 . —King Edward 190 0-210 0
Chicory, per lb... 0 4-0 0 | —White ... ...90 0-160 0
Carrots, per bun. 0 8-0 10 | —New Guernsey Ib. 0 8-0 10
—New . — — . Potatos, New—
Cucumbers, per —Algerian, per Ib. 0 24-0 3
doz. S .. 6 0-100 | —Azores, per case 10 0-20 0
—Flats ... 18 0-26 0 | Radishes—
Dutch Onions ... 11 6-12 6 | —Guernsey round 1 6-20
Endive, per doz 16-36 —Guernsey long... 10-16
Batavia, per doz. 30-36 —French . 20-30
English 'Asparagus— . Rhubarb, Forced.
—bhest .. 76-80 . per doz... . 2029
French Asparagus— . ሙ* Natural ” per
—Paris Green 66-76 | 02. . 6080
—Lauris ... 10-60 - Savoys, per tally 12 6-15 0
Greens, best, per i Seakale, per pun-
bag 50-60 , net . 16620
Horseradish, per | Spinach, per bushel 5 0- 7 0
bundle ... 20-20 ! Sweet Potatos . — -3 0
Leeks, per doz. Turnips, new, per
bundles .. .. 2636 | doz. bun. ... 10 0-12 0
REMARKS.—The recent improvement in the general

demand seems to be maintained as almost all arrivals are
increasing satisfactorily at steady price levels. Another
very large shipment of fruit from Cape Colony this week
has gone out well and there are large weekly quantities still
tocome. The latest arrival consists mainly of Pears and
Grapes with a few Plums, Peaches and Pines. The Apple
trade is slightly better, prices being firmer. Some excellent
^ramley's Seedling are still being marketed which for both
packing and quality would be hard to beat at any time.

Choice vegetables such as forced Beans, Peas and Potatos
are a fairly good trade. Rather better supplies of Asparagus
from France are available. Natural Rhubarb suffered a
check owing to the cold snap, which was all to the advan-
tage of forced. Rhubarb. New Potatos from the Canary
Islands and Algeria met a slightly better trade. Cucumbers
are coming to hand in larger quantities and prices are lower.
Some Tomatos from Worthing are coming to Covent Garden
in flne condition and sell በ a high price. Seakale meets a
good market. Mushrooms are searce aud costly. Green
vegetables are. being sought after and there is some reduc-
tion in supplies. The trade in old Potatos is brighter,

GLASGOW.
Business conditions during the past week were not so
satisfactory as tbey have been lately. In. the fruit
section the demand was eheeked by the continued

advance in price, and the cut. flower department suffered
from the inferior quality of the products. The injurious
eflects of the mild weather was reflected in the soft or
blown blooms, and salesinen experienced dithculty in
disposing of supplies at greatly reduced rates, particularly

on Friday and Saturday. — Tulips Tea Rose, Gris de
Lin, and Couronne d'Or were as cheap as 4d. to
64. per bunch, while Soleil d'Or. Primo, and Star

Narcissi were sold at 2 - per dozen bunches. These were
‘he lowest. levels touched, but the general average on the
six days works out approximately as follows :—Tulips:

Bartagon, 1 - to 12 for 68's: Copland, 10d. to 1/1; Pride
of Haarlem and Farncombe Sanders, 91. to 1-: No. 1
Pink, 13; Prince. of Austria and Murillo. 8d. to 1:;-;

Lucretia, 8d. to 10d.; Tea Rose and Couronne d'Or, 6d.
to 104. Daffodils: Emperor, JOd. to 1/- (12's); Golden
Spur, indoor, 94, to 1 -, outdoor, 4d. to 6d.; King Alfred

CHRONICLE.

X1.

| (English), 1/- to 1⁄2 (60's); Guernsey, 1/6 to 1/9 (12's);
Victoria. 4 - doz. ; Horsfleldii3/-; ornatus, 6/- to 9/-. Outside
grown blooms are increasing in ouantity, and Golden
Spur from Highfleld made 4,- per doz., while Glory
Narcissus, which was new to the market, realised 1 -
per bunch. Carnations were cheaper at 2/. to 4'- per
dozen. White Lilac averaged 6'-. and coloured 3,- to
4. Richardias, a to 7; Lilium longiflorum (Harrisif)
10/-; Wallflower, 1'6 to "gi. ; Lily-of-the-Valley, 2/-;
Ríchinond Roses, 5- to 7/+; Sunburst Roses, 10/- to 12;-;

Violets 2d. to 1%: Snowdrops, 1-- to 1,3; Asparagus and
Smilax, 1.6 to 2-. There was a good display of pot
plants, and Daffodils made 16 to 1'0 each: Blue

Hyacinths, 1 0 to 2-; Tulips, 1 - to 10; Sailors, 6d. to
sd. per doz. ; and Wallflowers 1,- to 1-6 per box.

A feature of the fruit market was the further advance
in the price of Apples. As the season is approaching a
close, supplies have become searcer. and competition
amongst buyers was consequently keen, especially for
red varieties, — Baldwin ranged from 93 - to Wo- per
barrel; Albermarle, 42 - to 60; Ganos, 32/- to 34-: Ben
Davis, 27 - 10 32-; Oregon Newtown, 15,6 to 18.6;
Winesap, 16- to 23-; and Golden Ortley. 16,- to 19,-.
Valencia Oranges abo made dearer values, — 360’s
averaging 13 - to 18 -: 300, 17- to 20.-; 420 (large » 23-
to 39 -: 240, 17 6 10 22 -: and 230, 10 - to 20-. On the
other hand, Jaffas declined. to 16 - and 18-. A good
business was done in Cape fruits, of whieh there was
à wide variety in fine condition. Pears:—Williams's Bon
Chretien, 4 6 to 56; Louise Bonne of Jersey, 5 - 10 6/-;

Beurré Hardy, 5'- 10 6 -; Beurré Diel, ን - to 5 0; Beurré
Clairgeaun, 4 9 to 56; and Beurré Bose, 5.6 to 60:6,
Peaches: Freestone. 86 10 10'-; Gladstone, 5- 10 7;-;
Hermitage. 10 - to 10 0. Grapes: Hanepoot, white, 10,6
to 12 6; red. 12 to 14-; Belgian Black Gra pes, 2/0 per
pound. Grape Fruit special advanced to 27/-, and other

qualities pee from 17 - to 19 -.
14 0 to 18-; Naples, 12 በ to 186.
16 - to 17 - halt Case.

Trade in new vegetables is expanding with improved
supplies. Long Radish made 2/- to 2፡6; round 3/- to 4/-
Cauliflowers, 5 6; Spinach, ፻ - crate; Flagellot Beans, 13
per box: Madeira, 5- to 6- box; Guernsey 1/9 to 2
Leeks, 7- per doz. bunches: Siboes, 5d. to 8d. per bunch:
French Lettuce, 8 - per crate; Dutch. በ-- to 7j- (2) doz.):

Lemons, Murcia (300),
Winter Nelis Pears,

English Cucumbers, 12- to 15- per doz.; Parkhall
Rhubarb, 44- ewt., other sorts, 36- to 40,-; Valencia
Onions, 13. - to 18/-; Levants and Globe, 15/-

THE WEATHER IN FEBRUARY.

No other month of the twelve so frequently produces
4 Very low mean air pressure (one in the neighbourhood
of 203 inches, or one “ bar." at sea level) at Southport,
as does February; > vet. it is normally the driest month of
the vear, PD April! The February now under review
formed a striking exception 10 this remarkable rule.
Yielding a meau air pressure only twice slightly surpassed
for lowness in its inonth during the fifty-four years’ local
record, it was at the same titne the wettest February but.
one (that of 1881) in the same period. But winds from
all the easterly directions were much below the average,
those from all westerly points being in excess. As a con-
sequence sunshine was nearly normal, in spite of the
atinospherie "pit of wet," and the weather was never
seriously wintry, indeed, up to the 10th, the abnormal
warmth of the two previous months continued generally,
and notwithstanding a rather cool spell from the 19th to
the 25th (the only touch of winter, and that a gentle one,
during the season 1924-5) the month's. mean temperature
was 411 , or nearly 2° above the average. The duration
of sunshine was sixty-five hours, or only three hours below
normal]. Rain, however, fell on twenty -four days—in
excess of eight, and the total amount was 428 inches, or
no less than 218 Inches above the ‘average, and ‘the
afternoon was the wettest part of the twenty-four hours—
a very unusual circumstance locally. Three nights were
slightly n in the shade, and nine yielded “ ground
frosts.” Hail fell on four dates. Scarcely any other
phenomena occurred. Joseph Barendell, The “Fernley
Observatory, Southport.

—

CATALOGUES RECEIVED.

T. E. HARRISON AND Sons, Ponteland,
on-Tyne.—-Violas and Pansies,

D. POWER AND (()., Waterford.—Seeds.

JOHN PINCHES, 21. Albert. Embankment, S.E.11.—Medals.
cups, trophies. ete.

near Newcastle-

GARDENING APPOINTMENTS.

Mr. R. Edwards, previously gardener to H. ከ.
COCKE, Esq. at Davenport, Bridgnorth. Salop. as
gardener to the same gentleman at Stanley Old
Hall, Bridgnorth, Salop.

Mr. A. Grant. tor nearly four years Gardener to CAPT.
B. ፡. MARDEN. Stodham Park, Liss, Hampshire, as
Gardener to The Right Hon. Viscounr MILNER.

Sturry Court, Sturry. Kent.

SCHEDULES RECEIVED.

BRIGHTON, HOVE AND SUSSEX HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY.
—Sumimer exhibition to be held on July 8 and 9; Chry-
santhemum Show on November 10, 11 and 12.—Secretary,
Mr. H. J. Bingham, 128, Queen's Park Road, Brighton.

TAUNTON DENE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY.—Fifty-third
annua] show to be held in The Park, Taunton. on
Wednesday and Thursday, August 12 and 13.—Se eretary,
Mr. F. J. J. Stacey, 3, Hammet Street, Taunton.

È > — THEO GARDENERS ር ያ Serii. ee
cd Oca e መ — cael A | — | EONBON, ፍ Ne E |
. ERUIT HOUSES. ASETE BUNGALOWS
CE MEATING APPARATUS. >
£ catracts ‘AND BUILDINGS. FOR ESTATES
; ee. FRAMES, CALL IKANDE E
Vie dier TA | X: |
TN sees ለ Park: :
S AS nn "dg rivis - ባፌ ።
EC. EV que eio ሓጸ die: NEC
vd — CR 4.7.) እ
dike, (BC XA (4 388
5. gf ae 1 j ^ nu :
aen Hir SEDE 455697 E ps Tai —
1" M 'ፍዬ ብትሩ ትከሪፐራ IT Is THE
| | an LOAD OY
| ፡ d ኗ ፻ዬ ጄፍ
* pN A
GARDENER IE Y S sd makes the Garden. aus STANDARD -
| Pa . ኢ.ሥ Bay au [ከበር vear rond. . DIA :
KNOWS | pes Salita kar yy bite Va doin MAS ኩይ ኒሕ Fiset ind, £dd 5 i Rx FOOD. FOR * ፲
Uf, ር in eae UNO Hi e ak Say ED BARS S07 fh 3/6.ሬጊ 34 355 — * Thy 36:7 * St
THAT Vb ARE PNA Ts SIC co hh He aves CRUS ae We abe mk Veto MEC FERMTE oe
; — AR ና#),ሌ; አያ x aea — # ገበይ (vate mers, STRATEDR D, 3 LONAPN. AM. RAS d Bon reir vete e AST
= "Hy de : ‘Birkenhead | —
(E dite uod
Jd | i Revised 57 ፻. Parsona. E
= “ይ s 1 14 pit 1 He n HB — i=
eS — |
| oS Un high” Ww ee ewes naday ja À a E
m Mas would Joxuriate, Ren anti: sufficient | ‘moisture a E ae — a |
Xm LOU FERNS ha PX grace. nd dii igity. alb sid o own, 384. FAN redeem. by. — baar 3E
E dE what would | Otherwise | de à. bate 266. unattractive. corner of Me der Tho hog =
መ! 128 በል fst eg A =
B ou to. cultivate’ ‘them. cannot. do b እ !-
1 above d any be. obtained. መው s "is CAEN
3 GARDENERS ‘CHRONICLE c
| RT iti ቨቨ HET URINE insunt a iie

Makes 24 9233 0:00 THE. G4. RbEN ERS | CHRON ያርም LE: ! [x ee XL

eS UR x Mh ACA — MÀ À — 9

— — —— — — — — —

< Tnnc lO ga | Garden Fertiliser |
EH apc Bee EX —— | "THE BEST OM THE MARKET. |
nA | NO: STABLE MANURE REQUIRED.
Por digeine- nor ‘ba 8. top dressing: For
By Kitchen diardems. ዛዝ. “Herbaceous: Borders

A ent; 38” s ewt- e, 25 Iss Bo; 814 16 :
“per 191. "ME Carriage. Paid. |

LAWN. BANU AND በልሃ KILLER.

phing fhe sward) nid eneodtagiog: e guae. ል

= : ዳ ፻ ጄመድ 5 Y Pie ice > on Lawn

——— — —

| “LAWN MANURE. s
Specie Sibe lor poor tanssy inwis: — ths

$ to the acre:
gw, Me E i» — de 1G esto 8512-. Hy tons 818.
; Spectat pra — fr 9.) ;Maunres for fot Pak Fand i

— — —

WORM DESTROYER. |

HORTICULTURAL. CENTRAL HEATING.
. አዘህ SUCTION GASPLANTS, o>

Chai NC SUA ro Wessex CROSSLEY BROS 70 MAMOUIATIUAP ai iun tawi

PERUVIAN GUANO. :
; VEAD Jmporte c
| E e. aei * 58 በኦ. 4788 - Farrage 1 Paid.

- .---መሙ “=>. ሙጨ

DRIED: -8ኪዐዕሀ MANURE, i
xx emt, * * ከ9. yi bale, ‘Sarriage. Paid.

JOGREENHOUSE BLINDS. —

Made ti up, tà any axe. byes | ebeeial qualits hie shading
materiak “Hound atl round and down centre for st A

with «tout wehhing. maty fo digs or ‘complete with §

: Rollers and TFititügs-at. small extr» cost:

SN re Estimates arnt simples on “wpplicitian.

GARDEN. SUPPLIER AT LOWEST. PRICES.

|] Frie or our fist Garden Munuiees and Hostieuturat | 3
T PU ላ ዕኖ 0n applcalion.

à WIL LIS Bros o cp Ltd, :

_HARPENDEN, | HERTS.

vis iere LAWN x AT. SFACTOWY +
DAISIES; DANDELIONS, Sc,

31
፤ m ail very የባዬን besides tuang detiimental t to 9886. Tennis 6፤ ር‹ባ6 :

pe aber ddr ? 1 > "t ሂ = .
a A it, M , ` > VF .
vu. የው TW : "4 5M it ^ ነ | ' . . ። " <
— 7.42, 7, 8 =
ጋ " ። 5 Sire p" ^ - - - »
- . 2 * CLADE RR LI ' r x *
— s መው... o * Puy LO IP UZ UE rM Cm iura t 8) * Lx
” NI LA ንል አባው e Dee. DD MEL VEO — — . ie
" T የ ኤ — — Á— MÀ ~
፲ሩ fex í — x ^ 3 > Kove “fin *ነ bly ዴሃ ረ gk A wt Y — = —
፥ t;

RAS: 3 PRICES.
sh oe v: s

LEICESTER “SEEDS

) 388. preparation will tie: fund very — Jot. aei ; te ኣዝ,
(«17015 ihe daisies 886. "other: — troublent : NE us
Kowt — 260. 34: Wow. 55. AN Corrige Pt. 2 qu —
texture of the grass, rod heips the lawns to. y therr: Bes

| colour in dry spans. 7338 be used at the fefe o pow] o È

? pir sont — preparation for ilestraging Worms PUN
CRUISE ፤ orte Just 45: 1408, EU ለዐ Carriage Pali. Do.

rh known. by. the | superior clase of es |

cei 4 4 Att

—— | BONS ሴክ! esa — መር... } Sanin ጋር —— large, — of leakage ooo

—— em c SALMAN vy oss 1 .“ታመም e MESE ^| sotis. of Vegetables obtam t esi) pop o oos

\ ROBINS ys T. A — i i wate ' j 6. . lous - disiris" which 48. the: t ህፍት ር TENSE
-~ — —— | palue. These. Seeds’ dre: equally. valusbie £e

"private gardeners:

^Liprosuced: from them... Thousands sf our. s ii

11. ወፍር mii da | gstdecpres aide: ል AE

| F ከፎ us. son. LUE possible, ተ UAR E RIS

“ seeds quac gene amd c teli

NICOTINE ‘INSECTI LIE DES. Sted Growers, LEICESTER:
፣ | Me Me ከርበ ወ ከጣመ መና መህ) 8 በመ di

የፈት A ነ. —— Insects inbesting oveputation. Á . ተ
i ENGLISH NICOTINE, aig?) o ፻ህከ Avec ‘NICO: ‘SOAP በክ. Son). a ‘eal: E
trons for using as. fumigánt. or. spray fluid - - 261265ክ 861. BARD pus ተር bhi” fet E
ል Prices: ፤ 6፻:,2/8:. so, AE; todxs Mir ede or Ayringing. work — +
(111,29 OES Wieso. 5; ELE 36. “eth, 30/5.

Y NICOTINE .VAPORISING COMPOUND. CANPEELI:S FUMICATING BOLLS.' (Yen
^ T aion tentent ዳርሴ, du bottles: ior 2, . simple for fümigatiug grzeniiquses.
USUS MS P 25. ang go dousana. rame Jeet. c SOUT 51265. Yor’ ep, $00. TE መፈ —
Paces: - ፲/8, 5:8 7/6, no t 37 T HARE ea Bie. feet. — 14.1 a 45, And
Pro Yum ^ ከየሃ,. 37-839606. bns. € it ር AD paih” ofer ያ ርይ. i
axe Y CA qu ‘PATENT: ! t VAPORISER. Ber Wapdrisigé sabes ax tpe: dest
method oi exterminating “Mildew | AR, £lasshouses. Apparatus lasts for SQ AK = OOP
cubic. feet size, 88: Aes Ks, pubic, መዶ sie 20/-. each. |

| Obtainable from Beedsmen an am ni of digiculty, difect from: he ——

(D. CA MPBELL, - ኽ(ርዕቨክር Manufacturer, -
ed Lund Street, Cornbrook, Manchester.

————— — — —

CHRYSANTHEMUMS.

|. af 1925, e Exhibitors.:

ln al: 360 - Yarictios, ull sections,

'"gollectiau. : ot - 389

Pola, በር... ር I OR RON AG

E WOOLMAN, V Shirley Birmingham. i | | 7

?

“መ”

fave nof yet used “them, dia "d ‘their — —

| ከመ & — UR

My Mi-pege Chia Aud ide, 5686 ከዕ, an os
Best. Up-to-dàte — E augur in the New. = De Y S

doy 7165, — —“ ‘Sate
Pis pen the -ሜ,8፲:8:. ፡ and. NOB. recentis. ———
dm Decorative —Varletiem ol ኪመህ CORE duci, እ:

ዜ ‘Catalogues “ot” ayer 300. ‘Warieties aM ኣ፲ ee, — EE
Dahlios, nest. —— -aemal-double -..:..
amd single, in "ts. -ኒነ1ርካቪየ፳.. - 860የበ6፻- Cafnatioos. RUN SOR
— — 288. — lesa አንሃ
"Betsons- ... VO ER
| ^ Yaya} uan —— አዘዜ ው — MT ASA, d

Violas dod Exbibition aud Redding.” Varieties: Penale 1: *
| 50. Varisttes n siu Botek. ivy bet uasa. Bme o Vost

ዘሰ ae Ss Tawni X digo ር ባያይ obi, sent: n appien bation ms — 81.1 * $^ SUB. vw

— TRE: GARDE N D ns 3 CHRON LE C Manne re

—_——— — — — — — — — — — — — — —— T pou --

y: — 3 “l veed. -otatoes . [በ(8)68፳፪ 98 POTATOES -
Ius STETIT m ud | Peep መ Marti nas! Ree ele Se Ee T

a E > D *
e re ዛው መ > “ሠ — መ — i cm —— EAA Y ከኒዋም — uL ie €

SM moh- Were ጨ%: በ1 during IUS. TPE እ እ E o di 4 Large dac * quaatti j
| For Lawns, Tennis Couris, ek | A -FOUR GOLD MEDALS XN — es ማይ የመን —
BARR'& DWARF MIXTURE Tor Bowling: Greens, 5 xine FIVE SILVER CUPS. 4 | ነ ይ — ETE: BOSTON, Lines.

ር E FIRST EARLY VARI x
centra fine Lawns, etc, per Th 4 . i Di EEE E. UL Sed yanieruss. irr Mlb —
BARRS. &TAHDARD MIXTURE, for’ Carden. Midlo£h የነ Early; Banuty of የ465 Fo, FE እል ል ተ ጎር |

Em awns, T'ennis Courts , ete, "per he, ሐ ACERS i —— Y cd Arran Bose, 2: 55 Wee 8/8፥ odios Be —

|| Sharpe's Expres sem. Dareili: tacts):
For other Mixtures, the ከ54 Manure ‘for aW: decir Blue, 7d * aee 45:71... 8/843. ie ገ" :=
“Tanta, ህበ making and: የክክ፣8በህበ ES Lawns, Sec |o amy VARIETIES. : ;

Tusco — Sox
CONRADY SPEIS pPOROUS LIS
FÉONE ECCKSW a ete, "LX. ማሂ
በደ Tx. WAKE: EM —* SER RIAS
፡ ENTHE POS ATE ERTAN
. fi METTUS Lips — FA —— Š
VE VARIERE S ISOS d SPD ds ist ኖረ

5.ፎ<-ቋሎ ቕሕጅ

ei Litas cf VEIR, REMC EEE

BARR.

ds (uf D ant n, King 5, pv

1 M à Yin

— —Á— NS m

፡ T ዉድ iftis. Greet በ66. Geition 856. fay, |
S SONS, rn Rz 66. Sy d! OLI NE: A
"ag asian, Toes — rr መቅዳት Belen o ይይ ል,
* * 58; የ 6.- —
| WHAT POTATOES ARE YOU. — ups JOHN Paes: " an
I zb pácialist, a
| -SPENCE'S SCOTCH SEED POTATOES. j FORBES’ Catalogue oe
; Gurtified — Guarantesd Hand Pikea. | 1. il entstemons. —
Biseripties Calalius nnd Potato Growing Guida Frak: ' '
| | | THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE Hardy Boner and Rock Plants, Sood, ste.

| -. — — DUNBAR. Scotland. 41. us 254 | -FREE ON APPLICATION..
——— | Horticultural: Bind T
À SN — ው — pedit e a4 : The- Hacdcolrurel Directory. 15 not heing :
| 4 ሣግ ፡፡ * reprinted. this veer, but lirnited number entes m *
ዕ ር H I D 5. et: ef copies. at the isse. for 49፡4. are ዩ 85:11. — T |

L ARDEN, 1 LONDAK. ነ w, T — 'ዬ. መ QUAM Ghor ድና — QA | |
"be: nor , (ነባ. Marea, — DRR. "የር a መሮ
i COLI Ke |
dpa 4
d are umbeatabis. Class h Board of Agriculture Y | reme. Hills, SPALDING. >]
; z Phioxes - 1 d cane
OCHAS. T. SPENCE,
: JOHN FORBES {Hawick) LIMITED.
ያ C TM, Kiwe Fursecymen, HAWICK, SCOTLAND:
Clean, wali gfawn and cheap: ala ae m (8816. M 85. reduced - pne jet. 10 bises: cn ‘succeed | ው dde |

“os Many Rare and Chelce Varletiss. 0: Lx e E 8 E i
STOVE AND GREENHOUSE PLANTS OF ALL ህ | ens (Be po tee -
-Kindiy send for Catalogue. S E ሸን told be | ሪራጠ | toy 3 —
-JAMES CYPHER & SONS, |1. (GARDENERS ‘CHRONICLE, LTD, 8
ይይርሸ — ገስ ይያ cx (S; Tavistock St, Covent Garden, W: C A: rd

7 vertising, with. as ite Aife-blond. M.
agg: of the physical . artenes nem
| death. to Cease - to advertise i ። በ
one’ ጾ + business by. ጠቀ starvation, |

— — — —

Domus MRT LU በረ 3

— — HERES WI

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Marcu 28, 1925.

THE

:4 RDENERS'

CHRONICLE.

XV.

SITUATIONS VACANT

Twenty words (or three lines including headline),
As., and 18. for every succeeding eight words (or
line or portion thereof). Fee for having replies
. addressed to this office, 18.
Advertisers desiring their
repeated must give full particulars,
otherwise no notice can be taken of their
Name and address alone

communications.
are insufficient.

Gardeners writing to Advertisers of Vacant
Situations are recommended to send them
copies of testimonials only, retaining the
originals. To part with original documents
means to run a great risk of their being

mislaid.

When addressing Box numbers, ù is essential
to give the initials or pseudonym, as well as
the correct number of the box.

MUNICIPAL AND PUBLIC.

ANTED, immediately. smart, active,

Single Man as PROPAGATOR and GROWER
of bedding and decorative plants, Chrysanthemums,
Carnations, etc. Wages 54'-, fluctuating scale, duty
extra.—Applications, with copies of — references, 10
PARKS SUPERINTENDENT, Central Park, Wallasey,
Cheshire

PRIVATE.

reliable GARDENER, well

Á with Orchids but knowledge_ of
forcing of other plants also essential. required for
Canada; small ampunt glass; must be married: house
free; particulars. qualiteations.—STUART LOW ('()..
Bush Hill Park, Middlesex.

Wee from April 18th. capable
HEAD WORKING GARDENER. where Under

Gardener kept with chauffeur working part time; must
be thoroughly experienced in all branches. with particular
knowledge of Canon Hall and Muscat vines: good
references required: house provided. good wages for
competent man.—T. HAUGHTON WATSON, Ringsfield
Hall Beccles, Suffolk.

acquainted
growing and

XPERIENCED wanted, in
f May, for large garden, married man preferred, must
understand care of grass courts: good references essential.

GARDENER

Apply by KERSE RSAR, Westħeld College, Hamp-
stead, N:.W.3
ANTED, good all-round WORKING
GARDENER, with help, cottage provided. —

Apply MRS. WATTS RUSSELL, Biggin Hall, Oundle.

Y ANTED GARDENER, experienced.

Inside aid Out, help given, excellent eottage and
garden, state wages, good references: essential— HOWARD
WARDEN, Lemington Grange, Moreton -in - Marsh,
Gloucestershire.

SINGLE-HANDED,
all-round man : cottage.
Pulborough.

YARDENER.
help: good
RKATHIE. Toat.

SOME
— Mrs.

ANTED, married oman, about 35. as

SECOND, for Conservatory and Houses; state

wages with excellent cottage and liuht.—Partieulars to
H. SILCOCK. Bassett: Wood Gardens, Southampton.

ANTED, good SECOND GARDENER

for Worcestershire, chiefly Outside: not under
24.—State full particulars and wages with bothy to
WORCESTER. Box 70, 3. Tavistock Street. Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

Reg IRED at
MAN, Inside :

Ascot, FORE-
Grapes. Melons, Fruit, Orchids,
Carnations, Mums. : cottage. waves all included £2.—
Apply by letter, with particulars previous situations,
ages family, copies testimonials,
R. L, co DAVIES & CO. t5,

Once, Near

Bishopsgate, B.C. 2

Y TANFED, FOREMAN or good JOUR-
NEYMAN to take baq under glass: vines,
Tomatoes: must be a good. all-round plantsman.—
State age, experiente, wages with bothy, FAIRS,
Sanderstead Court Gardens, near Croydon, Surrey.

ZITCHEN GARDEN FOREMAN, with
experience gained in goof class situations, able to
produce ዜ suceession of well prown vegetables in quan-
tities. knowledge of fruit growing, pruning, ete., state
experience. references, and Wages required, with cottage.
—Write G. F. box 82, 3, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2

WAER FOREMAN, for Pleasure Grounds,

two under, knowledge of motor mower and

bees. Wages 38-. bothy, duty every third week, —
HEAD ARDENER, The High Beech, Hollington,
Sussex.
ኝ TANTED. MAN for kitchen) garden and
herbaceous borders: wages 33 - per week,
5- duty. with bothy. ete.—Pleas* state age, experi-
ence, with copies of references, to W. BARLTROP,
Langleybury Gardens, Kings Langley, Herts.

W's TED. smart, strong, YOUNG MAN
for pleasure grounds, experience, small mowing,

age 20, 28- with bothy, ete., good references.—GAR-
DENER, Heathlands, | Wokingham. Berks.

YARDENER wanted; keen, energetic YOUNG
MAN for Recreation grounds, must have thorough
knowledge of herbaceous plants, flowering shrubs, bedding-
out, propagating. State age, experience, and wages
expected, with copies of testimomals.—E. H., Box 78,
5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

ጓና MARRIED MAN, for pleasure
grounds. well up in herbaceous and rock plants

and shrubs.— Write, enclosing copies of testimonials, to

SIMESON, Everlands Gardens, Sevenoaks, Kent.

ANTED, SINGLE MAN, chiefly for

Pleasure Grounds and Herbaceous Bor lers; state

wages and pus of experience; lodgings close.—C.
SPRACKLING, Catinose Gardens, Oakham, Rutland.

Waxte TED, YOUNG MAN for Pleasure

Grounds. knowledge of motor mower.—State
wages required, with bothy, ete. to GEORGE
PERRYMAN, Didlington Hall Gardens. — Brandon.
Suffolk.

NOS YOUNG MAN, single, well up
in glass, but willing to help outside, must have
3

good experience, wages, with bothy, 3X -.—Apply

Gardens, Ardeneote, Claverdon, Warwickshire.

JOURNEYMAN, with
Wages 38-
Juty.—Apply HEAD
Henley-on-Thames,

W TANTED. FIRST
good experience in plants essential.

per week

GARDENE R.

bothy, and 3 -
Gre enlands,

\ TANTED, good JOURNEY MAN, for
onside work. duty extra every other. week.—
Please state experience, wages required with bothy, and
copies of testimonials to T. SPENCER, Goodrich Court
Gardens, Ross-on- Wye.

JOURNEYMEN,
must be strong. and
Willing, knowledge o£ motor mowers preferred, wages
BR -per week with bothy. Aring and light and vegetables,
duty every fourth week. state age and experience with
copy of retereuess to (. SHETTER. The Gardens,
Arno’s Grove, Southuate, X. 14.

V J ANTED. two zood

ኮዛ pleasure grounds,

WA FED, ስ Young JOURN MAN, age
about 20 years, for glass de e

state ኣፍ ages,
with bothy.—s. W. TUCKER,

Lonerord Castle Gardens.
Salisbury.
Wo ANTED. two JOURNEYMEN., one for
Iuside and Out, the other for Outside: about
24.—Purticulars: HEAD GARDENER, Tekleford Manor.
Hitchin.

— — —

references, to Box

Wo good JOURNEYMAN for

houses, wages 30 -. bothy, etc. 5- duty every
fourth week.—A pply with copies of references to
R. HOLDER, Toe Gardens. Pains Hill, Cobham.

ANTED,

for fruit

JOURNEYMAN

age 22, particulars

experienced
and plant houses.

and wages expected, with bothv.—GARDENE Joyce
Grove, Nettlebed. Oxon. :
OURNEYMAN for Inside, strong and

e active, age 20 to 23, good situation,
J. BATES, Whitney Court Gardens,
Herefordshire.

ho | bothy.—
Whitne y-on-W ye,

We JOURNEYMAN Outside, to
assist Inside

when required; able to decorate

and take duty: bothy and attendance; duty paid.—

Apply J. G6. QUINN. Cottesbrooke Hall Gardens.

Northampton.

We good GARDENER, and wife,
as COOK, live in, for Hertfordshire district.—

Write, giving full particulars, ages, experience,

wages, to
LONDON, 91, Bishopsgate, London, E.C. 2.

EQUIRED.—MAN with ambition and

ability to develop and manage nursery, 1 acre.

and glass, co-partnership lines, investing £150, accom-

modation for single man. Also another, same conditions.

to create and manage. landscape and jobbing depart-
ment.—UC. GAYTON, Farm Lane, Purley, Surrey.

እሽ ANAGING FOREMAN wanted, must be

first-class grower Carnations, Chrysanthemums.
bulb forcing; must be capable of taking charge; good
place for any one wishing to Fag ANE State wages and
experienc ኣር. i du Box 83, Tavistock Street, Covent.
Garden, W.C.

A FIRST-CLASS PROPAGATOR for Mid-

ፈ land Nursery; applicant, who should be compe-
tent to produce large quantities of alpines and hardy
perennials, must give fullest particulars as to experience,
etc. and wages required: a permanent st for a man
with molern ideas who likes work.—Box 146, c/o
STREETS, 8, Serle Street, London, W.C. 2.

V ANTED, working Rose and Fruit
FOREMAN, used to growing large quantities.—
Apply, giving age, wages expected. and copies of
testimonials e where experience was ained,
8. McGREDY & SON, Royal Nurseries, Portadown.
ANTED, working ganera. nursery
FOREMAN; must be a propagator
with a thorough knowledge of ut Tees and
Roses. Apply, giving age, wages expected, with

original testimonials, which will be returned; cot
found for married man close to nursery. —JOH
BASHAM & SONS, The Nurseries, Dassaleg. Mon.

market flower
acres; married.
garden ; good
d testimonials,
Worthing.

porre required, hardy

department, charge of fifteen
with boys prefered: cottage and
wages.—Apply. stating experience and
H. «& A. PULLEN-BUHRRY, Ltd..

p )EQUIREL IRED immediately, good LANDSCAPE

FOREMEN. — Apply, giving age, references,
experience, and wages, to PERCY ኤኬ. CANE, 2,
Westminster Palace Gardens, S.W. 1.

ANTED, FOREMAN GROWER, for

medium-sized, mixed nursery (single man, age
about 30), must be a keen and capable grower of Mums.,
Cues., Toms.. Grapes, Bulbs. Carnations, ete.: a good
opening for the right man.—Apply, stating fullest parti-
eulars, age, experience, and references, to L. B. J.
Box 71, 3, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

ee — — — —

Vy ante ANTED, FOREMEN for constructing
hard lawn tennis courts, grass tennis courts and
bowling greens: only steady, reliable,

men need apply.—A. M., Box 65, 5,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

and experienced
Tavistock Street,

| ANDSCAPE FOREMAN, accustomed to con-
4 struction walls, concreting, roek formation: state
wages. —B. FK. Box M. 5. Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C.2

ANTED, competent KNIFE ንነ፤ ኒዣ with

general knowledge of Fruit Trees, Roses, Shrubs.

Forest Trees, etc.—Appiy, with copies of testimonials

an] wages wanted with free house and firing, to
MANAGER, Lissadell, Sligo.

xvi. THE GARDENERS

( Y ROWER wanted ; Bedding Chrysanthemums,

capable plantsman, with general knowledge of
nursery, values, decoration: sole cbarge, one man as
help; compact nursery, 8.-[5. London: only responsible,
careful men need apply, stating wages and experience.—
NUR Z.. Box 80, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent (Garden,

ANTED, GROWER, Tomatoes, Cues.,

Mums., bedding stuff in small nursery, single.

lodging near, state age, wages and particulars.—W. A.
COATES, The Nurseries, Glan Conway, N. Wales.

TANTED, YOUNG MAN as LEADING

HAND for Roses, must be good budder. and if

with knowledge of trees and shrubs, an advantage;

state full particulars and wages required.—WM. CUT-
BUSH & SON, LTD., Barnet, Herts.

YHARGE HAND for small nursery ;

'^ herbaceous ; Chrysanths. and Tomatoes chiefly :
cottage provided. — LAWSON, 256. High Street,
Ancoln.

WANTED, good, all-round MAN, for small

Nursery; state wages and references : good

cottage and garden.—MARTIN CHART, Railswood
Nursery, Pelsall, near Walsall, Staffs.
ANTED, for small nursery. MAN for

herbaceous and rock plants; knowledge of
budding an advantage ; single.—GOATCHER, Nurseries,
Washington, Sussex.

V ANTED, MAN used to nursery work.
landscape, crazy paving, dry walling, rockery,

etc. ; regular employment ; wages £3 and commission.—

Applications to J. SLATER, Nurseries, Skipton.
ANTED, genera] NURSERY HAND

for work under glass ; used to foliage growing.—
State age, refs., and wages required, The ST. GEORGE'S
NURSERY CO., Harlington, Middlesex.

V ANTED, two or m MEN

for jobbing and nursry work; regular work
to Horace men.—DELL, The Nurseries, Norbury,

three

Y ANTED, ASSISTANT in an up-to-date

retail shop ; flowers, seeds, bulbs, nursery
stock, sundries ; progressive. — Experience, wages,
references, to J. SLATER, ን ን Ilkley.

—— —

ANTED, COUNTER HAND, depend

in seeds. plants, sundries, bulbs; references,
experience, wages. — SMAIL, 23, Lime Street,
London, E.C.

ANTED, in June, HEAD LEDGER

CLERK and CASHIER ; good writer, accountant,
quick and accurate at figures, with highest refer-
ences; progressive situation to smart man.—E. [.
KING, Seed-grower, Coggeshall, Essex.

Vy Antep, ORDER CHECKER in pack-
ing department of hardy plant nursery; please

state age, experience and wages required.—C. S. pe:

Box 54, ud Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.

-

Y ANTED, FLORIST. with wide experience,

courteous, of good address: wages £4.—
References, age, experience, when at liberty, to
FLORIST, Box 69, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Gar-
den, W.C. 2.

SITUATIONS WANTED

Twenty words 28., and Gd. for every succeeding
sight words or portion thereof. (Advertisements ai
this special rate are only accepted direct from
gardeners and nursery employees.) Fee for having
replies addressed to this office, 18.

PRIVATE.

GIR JOHN HARRINGTON, K.C.M.G.,
KJ highly recommends his HEAD GARDENER,

trustworthy, capable man, good manager, all branches of
good gardening, lnside and Out, highest = references,
including Sir Edwin Lutyens, R.A., Carnations, her-
baceous borders, landscape : m married, no family.—C. RUSE,
The Hyde Gardens, Near Luton.

YARDENER, HEAD, desires re-engagement,

life — all branches, married, no family,

age 35, highest references gained in first-class estab-

lishments.—T. BO TTING, Railway View, Four Elms
Road. Edenbridge.

YARDENER, HEAD, where two or more

are Kept, age 42, married. one boy, age 12, life

experience in all branches, well recommended.—W EST,
Kotan Lodge. Wraysbury Road, Staines.

HEAP GARDENER, first-class experience
in good, all-round gardening; excellent long
reference from past employer as Head; interview if
necessary.—BOLTON, Ystrad, Carmarthen Town.

G ARDENER. HEAD, very highly recom-
mended, life experience all branches, good gardens;
excellent references:

12 years Head, 5 present situation: :
Gardens, Sharnden,

age 42; one boy 9.—THRUSSEL L,
Mayfield, Sussex.

QIR ROBERT KINDERSLEY, BART,
K? highly recommends his HEAD GARDENER. life
experience in all its branches in good establishments,
including — Dropmore Park. Buckinghamshire: also
several years Head with Col. Hanbury. C-M.G.. Wexham
Springs. Buckinghamshire. wool references, married. one
girl ten vears.—Apply C. FROST, Plaw Hateh Hall,
Sharpthorne, Sussex.

A— -— a 2 Ne -=-= ..- — — — .- —

YARDENER, HEAD, two or more; highly
recommended : competent Inside and Out: keen,
thoroughly trustworthy, age 30, married when suited.—
— Gardens, Woodhatch — Lodge, Reigate.
Surrey.

ARDENER, HEAD, where soveral are

kept; or would undertake the management of a
small estate; life experience in all branches; excel-
lent references from present employer, 4 years previous
10j.—C. E. LAWRENCE, Dean Wood, Newbury.

— — — —— — — .—— -———— ee >

R. A. D. BRADFORD D highly recom-

mends his HEAD GARDENER, present position

as Head 12 years, 27 years’ experience in good estab-

lishments, age 42, 2 children grown up, skilful cultivator,

good organiser and manager of staff.—Garston House,
near Watford, Herts.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, seeks re-

engagement, life experience Inside and Out,
including fruit, flowers, vegetables; age 37, 3 years
resent Head, one child. —GREGORY, E Broadwell Hill,
oreton-in-Marsh, Glos.

EAD WORKING, Rhyl or north-west
coast; expert. landscape, rock and water gardens ;
forestry ; fully experienced glass all branches, successful
fruit, flowers, veget tables, Roses; motor mower, lighting
lant ; 26 years’ experience, age 40, married.—4. J. B.
ox 70, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

G ENTLEMAN confidently recommends
HEAD WORKING GARDENER, age 30, married,
experience

four years here Head, ten years previous, life
Hamels

in all branches, excellent. testimonials.—A K E RS,
Park, Buntingford, Herts.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, thor-
oughly practical, all branches, Inside and Out,
first-class references, for management, energetic, up-to-
date, :kilful cultivator, married. one son.—HAWRES.,
70, Cromwell Road, Brentwood, Essex.

— — — — — —— — — — — —

YARDENER, HEAD WORKING, in good
establishment, or first-class marrled FOREMAN.
Mr. Lloyd, Tewin Water, Welwyn. Herts, con-
fidently recommends his Foreman, W. SMITH, age
32, as a thoroughly practical and trustworthy man;
efficient controller of labour; excelent — references
from noteworthy Gardens, present situation three
years; married when suited; go any district.

Y ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, thoroughly
experienced in all branches of the profession,
highest references —GARDENER, co Mr. Hobbs,
Stationer, Totton, Hants.

Q1ENTLEMAN confidently recommends

advertiser as HEAD WORKING GARDENER

of four or five where keen, interested man required :

life experience all branches, Inside and Out, early

and late forcing, control staff, excellent references,

3 Je present, age 33, married, no Ííamlly.—E.
RYANT, Purley, Reading.

CHRONICLE

Marom 28, 1925.

YARDENER, HEAD WORKING, life ex-

rience Inside and Out, previously Outside
and General Foreman; good refs., age 36. married,
one child.—F. T. L.. Box 81, 5, Tavistock Street,

Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

*ARDENER. HEAD WORKING, where
X several are kept, has held a good Foreman’-
position: good experience and excellent references:
single; age 26 years.—8. B. E. Box 74, 5, Tavistock
Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2.

EAD WORKING GARDENER, in Oxford-

shire, requires situation. where several are kept.

age 49; married, no family: highest references: alan

poultry "and bees.—W. R. T. Box 73, 5, Tavistock Street.
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

MR ኒነ STODDART, highl
mends his HEAD WORKING
where four or more are kept; life
tined in large establishments, "24 years present
situation; leaving through property being sold; age 31.
married, no family. — P. SLOANK, Tudor House
Gardens, Tudor Road, New Barnet.

recom -
ARDENER
experience

YARDENER, HEAD WORKING of
several, thorough practical experience all branches.
Inside and Out, gained in good establishments; last place
12 years as Head; disengaged, owing to sale of estate;
highly recommended ; single.—G. SIMSON, 25, Lime
Walk, Headington, Oxford.

(I^ RES ES. HEAD WORKING, life ex-

perience in first-class gardens, 16 years as Head:
age 45 years, married. no family.—J. PARKER, The
Gardens. Riverhome, Hampton Court, S.W.

(E confidently recommends his
. HEAD WORKING GARDENER, life experience
in all branches, Inside and Out; 6 years as Head in
present employ: married, one boy age 14.—G. COOK.
Skeffington Hall, Leicester.

YARDENER, HEAD WORKING, seeks
re-engagement, keen, energetic, trained in frst-
class establishments, thorough knowledge all depart-
ments; age 38, married; highest references. EYRE,

Ranby Hall Gardens, Retford, Notte.
ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, where
one Other or help given, 10 years’ experience

understands the running of
ዜ small estate, poultry. ete, working now in Essex;
excellent references, married when suited, age 26.—
M. Te Box 67, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,
W. 1 9

Inside and Out, well

EAD WORKING GARDENER. - Fore-
man seeks situation as such, accustomed to
handling large or small staff: highest recommendations
from head men and employers as to ability, enthusiasm,
and integrity: age 35; married no family: 50.-, house.
ete.: south = preferred. —Ó METHODICAL, Box 75,
5, ‘Tavistock street, Covent Garden, W.C.2.

—— HEAD WORKING, or
SINGLE-HANDED, all-round experience, in-
cluding rock garden and electric light; marriei.—

E. W., Box 7. 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
iris W.C.2.

——Heads, Fore-
trained.—
Gardeners'

YARDENERS SUPPLIED
men. Journcymen, etc.: all well
JOHN WEATHERS, British

Apply
ፈር Isleworth.

Association,

SINGLE-HANDED, or Head
practical all branches, "conscientious
child 3] years, excellent refs..
Lattiford Cottages, Win-

of two or three,
married,
PARK ER,

(3 ARDENER,

worker, age 27.
with cottage.—k.
eanton, Somerset.

situation SINGLE-
married, one child,—Apply
Lambs Terrace, Irchester.

YARDENER seeks

፳፪ HANDED or otherwise:
GARDENER. eo J. Neal.
Wellingboro.

(1 YARDENER. SINGLE-HANDED or
Y GARDENER-CARETAKER: age 45; married.
son age 13; last situation 11 years: excellent. references.—
FREER, 29. Woodside Cottages, Muswell Hill Road, N. 6.

*ARDENEH. SINGLE-HANDED vr with
J help. age 50. single, experienced Inside and
Out; excellent character. — G. W. Box 68. 3,
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

MARCH 28, 1925.

G ARDENER, requires situation, SINGLE.
HANDED or HANDY-MAN; life experience;

age 88.—C. F. E. Box 72, 5, Tavistock Strect, Covent

Garden, W.C. 2.

(7... SECOND, seeks situation,
good all-round experience, excellent references,

age 28, married when suited; please state wages and

ve full particulars. —SMITH,
umham, Bucks.

Burnham Grove Gardens

VARDENER, SECOND, seeks situation,
experienced Inside and Out, single, good references.
F. STAMP. Chapmanslade, Westbury. Wilts.

— —M— ~ - —— — —

VM R. H. LLOYD, The Gardens, Tewin
4 Water, Welwyn. Herts, confidently recommends
S. WILMOTT as SECOND GARDENER in good
establishment, thorough experience Inside aud ut;
age 27, married when suited. Please state wages.

V AN seeks situation በጾ UNDER-GAR-
ሐፈ DENER, Pleasure Grounds, age 29, married when
suited, wife willing to help in house occasionally.—
R. SCOTT, The Bothy, Heathlands, Wokingham, Berks.

ANARDENER, UNDER, Herbert Watts, Lovells
Court, Marnhull, Dorset, can highly recommend
GEORGE LITTEN, age 21, kitchen or Pleasure Gardens,
2 years present situation, 44 previous, under professional,

good references.

|... Inside, or SECOND, Inside

and Out, MR. J. KIRKWOOD can highly recom-
mend ከሎ foreman as above, life experience gained in
good establishments, age 28. married when suited.—The
Gardens, Sutton Place, Guildford, Surrey.

VF J. KIRKWOOD, Sutton Place Gar-
dens. Guildford, Surrey. recommends T. PETTITT
as Foreman, Outside, or SECOND GARDENER. age 31,

married when suited, southern counties preferred, apply
as above.

‘ITUATION required as FOREMAN Out-

AJ side; well recommended. 3j years present
situation.—A. R. BEAROCK, The Gardens. Dunham
Hall, Altrincham, Cheshire.

situation, Kitchen

(1... requires
Garden or SINGLE-HANDED., married, age 25,
good reference, willing to be useful. — HARDING,
sardegna, Mogador, Tadworth, Surrey.

YARDENER seeks situation in Kitchen
Garden and Pleasure Grounds, 4 vears good

reference last place, 0 previous, reliable and industrious,
Surrey or Middlesex, or south preferred, age 28, single:
please state wages, with bothy or otherwise.—C. HARE,
50, Paddington St., Marylebone, London, W.

(4^ Y ARDENER requires situation,
den and Pleasure Grounds,

Atco motor mower, married

mended.—OLIVER, Village,

Kitchen gar-
some Inside, used to

small family, well. recom-
be rkswell, Near Cove ntry.

Garden
situation;
24, married
Park Gardens,

Q ITUATION required, Kitchen
àJ and Hardy Fruit, 6| years present
well recommended by Head Gardener: age
when suited.—W. MORRIS, Oakly
Bromfield, Ludlow, Shropshire.

V R. C. BHIARS. Hamble Cliff Gardens,
a Netley. Hants, highly recommends J. NEVILLE
as GARDENER where one or two are kept.

I SHALL be very pleased to recommend a
strong, willing, young man, age 21, 6 years’ expe-
rience, for the fruit or plant houses. southern counties
preferred.—W. J. MUBPHY, Inwood, Templecombe.

OURNEYMAN. FIRST or LEADING
HAND, Inside, seeks situation, age 24 9 years’
experience in good establishments, excellent references,
disengaged, home counties preferred, please state wages.
Apply A MARSHALL, Eggshell, Graffham, Petworth,
Sussex.

4... FIRST. Inside, age 23,
now disengaged, seeks situation in well-kept estah-
lishment, ex. refs., southern counties preferred.—T.
THORPE, Clavers "Cottage, Langton Green. Near Tun-
bridge Wells, Kent.

THE GARDENERS’

OURNEYMAN seeks situation, Inside,
under foreman, well recommended, age 24, bothy
preferred.—F. URRY, Broadhanger Gardens, Petersfield.

OURNEYMAN, age 19, seeks ‘situation,

e Inside, or Inside and Out, 44 years’ experience, well

recommended. — E. WALKER, Brougham Gardens,
Penrith.
OURNEYMAN, 24, seeks situation Pleasure

e Grounds, work motor mower, full particulars to

27, Kimbolton Avenue, Notts.
OURNEYMAN, Inside, seeks situation,

e experienced fruit and plants, age 22, Kent preferred.
—SCOTT, 2, Broomhill Cottage, Netteswell Cross, Harlow,
Essex.

OURNEYMAN secks situation in Kitchen
e Garden and Pleasure Grounds: age 23; 4 years
experience. —J. KINGHAM, Ferndale. Totteridge Green.
Herts,

OURNEYMAN, age

e herbaceous borders

28, seeks situation on
and pleasure grounds, please

State Wages, 6 months here, bothy preferred.—Apply to
R. KILLICK, Beaver. Hall. Lodge, Waterfall Road,
Southgate, እ. 14.

OURNEYMAN or IMPROVER seeks

situation. Inside, 3 years Inside, 2 years Outside;

age 19}. good references.—J. SMITH, 24 St. John's

Street, Devizes, Wiltshire.

yo MAN, age 19, seeks situation,
Outside, IMPROVER, bothy, 4 years’ experience,

good references, — AV ENT.
Stoke, Bath.

\ ISS PEIRSE-DUNCOMBE, Norton Hall,
AY near Worcester, strongly recommends WILFRID

Manor Cottage, Limpley

HEATH, age 21, 6 vears’ experience, who desires
situation as IMPROVER, Inside and Out, bothy
preferred.— Apply W. HEATH, Littleworth, Norton,
near Worcester.

OUTH. 19, desires situation under fore-

man, Where good Knowledge of Inside work can
be obtained, 3) years! experience kitchen) garden, strong
aud willing, bothy.—G. JEFFERIES, Southrop, Lechlade,
Glos.

ን... MAN wants a situation as
GARDEN LABOURER, ten years experience. in

private xerviee.— WILLIAMS, 31,

Ashfield) Road,
bury.

Salis-

TRADE.

URSERY MANAGER desires situation ;
thorough practical knowledge of the production

of first-grade plants in quantity; 20 years’ experi-
ence, methodical, good controller of labour, young
and energetic; able to take full control of nursery.—

HORTUS, Box 25, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.
ANAGING FOREMAN, by practical

grower Toms., Cues., Chrysanths., Arums, cut
stuffs in large quantities, outdoor crops for market;
good references: used to large amount of glass; single;
state wages.—WOODS High Street. Hartford, Huntingdon,

YENERAL WORKMAN, Nursery, Carden,

J or Farm, desires employment; state hours and
wages, — NURSERY, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C.2

Box 77. 5,

"e SEEDSMEN..- YOUNG

quires situation in warehouse. 6 years experience
with large firm, assisting execution farm and garden seed
orders, (([(.--11. P... Box 006, ጋ. Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C.2.

MAN, 23. re-

good designer
good references,
sydney Street,

1...“ requires situation,

and salesman. 7 years’ experience,
disengaged when suited. —SEVITER, 50,
London, S. W. 3.

CHRONICLE.

GARDENERS’ C CHRONICLE

Scale ii Dom ee Charges for ‘Advertisements.

Advertisements intended for insertion in the next issue
MUST reach THE PUBLISHER not later than

TUESDAY, 5 p.m.

Ordinary Facing matter

positions. or back cover.
Page ............... £12 0 0 ...... £15 0 0
b-Page ............... 6 0 0 ...... 710 0
2-፻68ክ56 ............... 3 0 6 ...... 315 0
Column ............. 4 0 0 ...... 5 0 9
}-Column ............ 2 6 6 ... 216 0

SMALL ADVERTISEMENTS.
Including Situations Vacant, ordinary position,
payable in advance :—
First 3 lines (not exceeding 20 words) 4 0
Per line or part line (up to 8 words) after 1 0

DISPLAYED.
Per inch, single column ............... 8 0
Per inch, across 2 columns............ 16 6
Per inch, across 3 columns............ #1 4 0

FRONT PAGE (no display allowed).
Per line space (headline counted as
two 10በ68),,55555555ህ5555555፡5»ሖ5፡9»»»›። 2 0

SITUATIONS WANTED.

First 3 lines (not exceeding 23 words), 2/-, and 66.
for every additional 8 words or portion thereof.

(Advertisements at this Special Rate are payable
in advance, and are only accepted direct from
Gardeners, etc.).

DISCOUNTS, &c.

On front page advertisements no discounta are allowed.
On a series of other advertisements, if ordered in advance,
they are allowed as follows:—

For three insertions, 5% ;
15°. ; fifty-two, 20%.

All series must be arranged to attain completion within
twelve months.

Advertisers may have replies to their advertisements
addressed to the GARDENERS’ CHRONIOLB Office.

A fee of Is. is charged for this service, and
initials, Box number and our own address must
also be included in the number of words paid for.

Cheques and Postal Orders are to be made payable to
GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, LTD., and crossed '' & Co."

5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

Telegrams: “ Gardchron, Telephone :
Rand, on." Gerrard 1543.

thirteen, 10%; twenty-six,

CLIMBING PLANTS

By WILLIAM WATSON, late
Curator of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

"uem delightful book, quite unique
in its subject and treatment, is one
of the best in the ever-popular “‘ Present.

3)

Day Gardening " series. Its eight lovely
coloured plates alone make it a book to
treasure, and the information it contains
cannot be obtained anywhere else, for
Mr. Watson's knowledge of the subject was
unrivalled.

Price 5/6 post free.

GARDENERS' CHRONICLE, LTD.,
$, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2

xv ae E - a ፐዘያ GARDE EN ERS" CHRON IC "LE. ር — —

— — — — y ቅ=ዱዲ omen — 5 ——— — — — —— poime npe sont E *** መመ ON EUER S M * met ቃሥ. ^ n —

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ደአ tct ANCAP IND A RUM ARR d AU Se
. REPAIRING AND REPAINTING
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|[ፉ - WEEKS & Co. —

CMORTICOLTUÜRAL. ANI HESTS &ENGULEX KS,

| VICTORIA. STREET, WS ONT MINST ER, * W: ፤ the — nt t acy pars af tie’ —

FOSTE ER a FE PEARSON, “LIN MITED,
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“GOOD Greenhouses last—others do not.
The ROBIN HOOD BOILER

reduces the fuel bill and saves labour.
Estimates OF: ` appl pation Free.

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and a

ii. TII E

— ሠ — — — — — | — — — — — —

SALES BY AUCTION.

SPECIAL TRADE SALE.
Tuesday, April 7th.

(Note the day owing to Easter Holiday.)

Large quantities of Gladiolus, Begonias, Tuberoses,
Hardy Liliums, Lily-of-the-Valleyv, Spiroeas, ete, in
lots suitable for the Trade, ROSES and Herbaceous

Plants in variety, also a direct consignment of

20 CASES KENTIA BELMOREANA SEED
Lord Howe Island,
thousand KENTIA CANTERBURYANA

direct from
few
consignments of

together with

BAYS, PALMS, CAMELLIAS, BOX TREES.
ASPIDISTRAS, RHODODENDRONS, etc.,
from the Continent.

| እ. PROTHEROE & MORRIS,
will sell the above at their SALE ROOMS,
67 and 68 CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.C.2.
On Tuesday, April 7th.
Catalogues post free on application.

BUSINESSES FOR SALE.

A desirous of buying or selling a nursery
market garden, small holding, ara armi or fruit
AM BREY «&
who have a
po requested to

New ‘gate
selection
their

farm should write
Street, London, R.C.
to offer. Applicanta

requirements.

i [c e freehold, } acre !
. 200 feet run glass, well. stocked, five good
sheds: splendil position near main London-Bourne-
mouth road: living accommodation close by; £525
as going concern: £200. may remain. if desired ;
sood opportunity.—Sole Agents, W. ROBERTS & Co..
Nursery. Specialists, 8, Wellesley Koad, Croydon,

dn
state

PROPERTY TO LET.

TO MARKET GARDENERS, ETC.

LEICESTERSHIRE.

GOPSALL HALL KITCHEN GARDENS.

TO BE LET with Immediate Possession
comprising about 4 acres

with GLASS HOUSES and DWELLING HOUSE

Apply
J GERMAN & SON,
Land Agents and Surveyors
ASHBY-DE-LA-ZOUCH.

Y ARDEN Souki.
ጃ GARDENER required to run
Hants., commercially, on co-operative
gardeners: must ከሁ ex-serviceman,
pared for responsibility ;
Cuffnells, Lyndhurst.

p? ET

or - MARKET
Wivate garden in
ines, with under-
good salesman, pre-
cottage. — HARGREAVES,

BUSINESS CARDS.

AMES BACKHOUSE, F.L.S, F.R.HS,
e for many years Chairman of the late firm of James
Backhouse and Son, Limited. having retired from York,
offers his services as GARDEN CONSULTANT; 30 years!
experience. specially in connection. with Alpine and
Herbaceous Plants: advice given. for Rock Garden
construction and planting, also for permanent flower
borders. boundary plantations, ete.—Address for terms to

Caer Fela, Arthog. North Wales.

protae ‘ROK & MORRIS, Horticultural
Marke Garden and Estate Auctioneers and

Valuers. 67 and ቤዛ. Cheapside. London. E.C., and at

Leytonstone, E.
application,

Monthly Horticultural Register had. on

GARDENERS
NOTICES.

— — ee

AVE YOU PROVIDED? See United
Horticultural Benefit and Provident | Society s
Advertisement on Paige ix.

(EET PEA CUK FURE under Glass.—
k Premium Pupils. to Hve out. taken on large
commercial undertaking. — Apply The SECRETARY,
Lynwood Nurseries Ltd., Rayleigh, Essex.

EXHIBITIONS.

Spalding and District Bulb Growers’
and Market Gardeners’ Association.
The ANNUAL

SHOW OF DAFFODILS

will be held at the
CORN EXCHANGE, SPALDING,
On Thursday and Friday, April 16th and 17th.
OPEN CLASSES FOR NEW VARIETIES.

Also TRADE STANDS
by any Nurseryman and Grower.

For Schedules apply to the Secretary,
HERBERT W. QUINCEY, 14, Pennygate, Spalding.

WOLVERH AMPTON

FLORAL FETE
JULY 14th, 158 and 16b, 1925.

£1,000 IN PRIZES.
NEW CLASS FOR BEGONIAS (Amateurs)

Schedules on application to the Secretary (post free)
G. W. A. MARTIN,
46, Queen Street, Wolverhampton.

PLANTS, &c., FOR SALE.

Small Classified Advertisements. Twenty words
(or three lines including headline) 48., and 1s.
for every succeeding eight words (or line or part
of a line). Fee for having replies addressed to
this office, 1s.

per inch, or 108. facing editorial matter.

Displayed advertisements, 88.

CALADIUMS !!—Begonias, Palms,

: Crotons, Dracaenas, Gloxinias, Hydrangeas,
Geraniunis, Ericas, Lilles. Ferns and How to Grow
Them, by J. E. SMITH. 36 post free.—SMITH.
London Fer Fern Nurseries, London, S.W ሀ,

100,00

[| RNS!

LARG E GARDEN FERNS,
30- 100.) variety: wanted 1,000
large A spidistras for dividing. Catalogues free.—
SMITH" ernery, London, S.W.9.

IMALAYAN,
dendrons on
and border plants,
1 t: REU THE.

pes Phoenix Canariensis,
Excelsa, Kentia Forsteriana, Cocos Flexuosa, and
Phoenix Roebelinii. New price list now out. Also a
quantity of Dracoenas, Indivisa, Veitchil, and Bruanti,
to offer in all sizes. Fine lot of stuff. For price list
apply ROBERT GREEN (1911) LTD., 28, Crawfor!
street, London, W.1.

other Rhodo-
Shrubs, Alpines,
ete. Write for

Chinese, and

their own roots.

Aquaties, Lilies.
Ke ston, Kent.

Chamero

CHRONICLE.

1025.

APRIL 4.

RAUCARIAS.—A few very fine plants to
4 & Offer. 5j ft. high, not too spreading, in tubs. a°
35- each.—Apply ROBERT GREEN (1911), LTD., 2,
Crawford Street, Baker Strect, London, W. 1.

AVENDER PLANTS in variety, 17/6 100.

4 sample doz., 3,6; carriage paid.—-CHILVERS &
SON, Hunstanton.
GLADIOLI for 8s. 9d. post paid.

108

with spikes of

The most dazzingly brilliant flowers on earth.
bloom 1ጾ ins. long: 12 each of 9 kind-

(108 bulbs), all separately packed and named for Rs. l..
post paid: half lot, 4s. ùd., post paid (cultural ìn-
structions and beautifully illustrated Flower and
Vegetable Catalogues included). — R. KAY & CO,
Goodmayes Road, Goodmaves, Essex.
EGONIAS AND GLOXINIAS. — Kay s
prize strain with blooms often measuring 8 in-.
across : a collection of 12 Single and 12 Double Begonias.

also 6 Gloxinias—all separately packed. and named, with
cultural instructions and illustrated catalogues for ts. 3i.,
post paid: half lot, 3s. ëd., post. paid.—R. KAY & CO,
Goodmaves Road, Goodmayes, Essex.

SEEDS

list free .—

ARE PRIMULA AND ALPINE
from large (1500) collection, sold cheap:
REV. F. J. ANDERSON, Glen Hall, Leicester.

Eastfield Princess of Wales
(Bronze Flora and other R.H.S. Medals). Young
one-vear old crowns 5 - for spring.

Violets on application. — Miss :
Eastfield) Marais, Williton, Somerset.

V IOLETS. The

lanta 46 doz.,
Asta of other
HEATHCOTE,

ILIUMS Auratum,

4 giganteum, Henrvi, Fortunei, ete.,

NW doz. — MORLE & CO., 150-156,
W.

speciocum, longiflorum
all 8-, 12 -, and
Finchley Koad.

Y LADIOLUS. — Splendid ‘flow ering

bulbs. in

35 best sorts: 100 in 10, 13 -: 200, 24 -. paid.

—MORLE & CO., as above.
EGONIAS, Gold Medal, Plants in leaf.
well rooted ready for pots: single, 15 -: double

23 - 100, paid.—MORLE & CO., as above.

SPARAGUS PLANTS. —Connover's Colossal

(2 years), 7/6 100; acking and carriage, ?-
100 extra.—JOHN PERKINS AND SON, 52, Market
Square, Northampton.

*AULIFLOWER PLANTS.—Best (Autumn-
sown) Plants. Early London and Walcheren, 12 0

per 1,000; prompt delivery carriage paid: cash with
order. Spec jul quotation for large quantities and price list of
all varieties of Cabbage Plants (Autumn-sown) of the best.
stocks and at the lowest prices on application.—JOHN
GILLIES, PRESTONPANS, LTD., Prestonpans, East
Lothian. Largest Cabbage Plant Growers in Britain.
Established over 50 years. Telegrams, *‘ Plants, Preston-

pans." Telephone, 24 Prestonpans.

ጫን ete SEED POTATOES.—Duke of
KJ York, 3s. 3d.: British Queen. 2s. oa Dargil
Early, 3s. ; Eclipse, 2s. 9d.: Great Scot, 23. ; Ally, 55. :

Rerr's Pink, 2s. 9d.: Arran Chief. 2s. 8d. :
Arran Comrade, 2s. 9d.; Epicure, 2s. 9d.: Majestic, 3s.:
King Edward, 2s. 9d., "etc. Catalogue of Vegetable and
Pone Seeds on application. —TI LLIE, WHYTE & CO..

, Melbourne Place, Edinburgh.

Express, 58. ;

QUCOTC 11. Seed Potatses from certified
stocks : bags free, carriage paid by purchaser: all
best varieties, lowest prices: Hsts free. STEWART ላሂ

('()., 18, South St. Andrew Street, Edinburgh.

MISCELLANEOUS.

RON AND WIRE FENCING for Gardens.
Ornamental Iron amid: Wire work of everv
description. Catalogues G.C. 1256: Iron. Fencing and
Tree Guards, Catalogue G.C. 605; Wood. and 1ኮቦክ
Gates, Catalogue, G.C. 163: Kennel Railing, Catalogne
G.C. 806; Poultry Fencing, Catalogue G.C. 70. Ask fer
separate lists. BOULTON & PAUL, LTD., Norwich.

FINENNIS COURT

FE? ICING, a mm

made up as eomplete enclosures with standards,
wire. and straining posts. from 6 to 12 feet high.
Write to Dept. FP GC for particulars.—BOULTON «
PAUL. LTD.. Norwich.

)IRDS BATHS, Sundials, Vases, Statuary.
Birds’ Nesting Boxes, ete. — Catalogue (No œ
free. — MOQORTON, (በ. Buckinzhiaim Palace Road. =.ጎነ - |]

Ps y ሽ Y Y ኘ “ eee
APRIL 4. 1023. THE GARDENERS CITRONTC Lh. 111.
"mos PAVING.—Crazy and rectangular INEST LOAM in England: new Surrey wEWAGE DISPOSAL tor ccuntiv —
ኔ 7 York Garden. Paving, Copiugs, Steps, ete., Grit cutting. very fibrous: truckloads quoted. Trial bags ኔ 7 factories, farins, etc.; no emptying of cesspools :
and other Rocks dor Rock Gardens. Flat. Stone, Leafinould, Loam. Sand, or Peat, 3 - each: B. Slag, 64, solids ; no open filter beds: everything underground ind
Rubble tor " Dr ” Walls. Nottingham Marl. Large Super., -.—HERBERT SHEA, Soil Expert. Romford. automatic; a perfect fertiliser. obtainable.— WILLIAM
or small quantities carriage pail oto any Railway - -- -= - BEATTIE. 9. Lower Grosvenor Place, Westminster.
PAA in England —HODPNSON ሊ SONS, LTD., ORTHAMPTONSHIRE LOAM from ] ር ይ መክ ው መር ር l
a an SO enda: nee NN ET l pu ከ Land, unequalled (or AU ue colour: ግ (ARDEN. NE' ETING. 2 Best Selected Small
" i sample 2-cwt. bags 26, carriage forward: low rate for Š E . —
TORK STONE PAVING for Garin በብቲ loads—NORTHAMPTONSHIRE | LOAM CO. 4. on ranks እ Maid. Tennis Nets
Paths and Lily Ponds: rectangular or broken for 18, Horsemarket, Kette ring. and Standards. List free-—STRAWBERRY NETTING
rustic work: steps and wall coping: roekery.—G EO. መሙ - =- — —— — >-. — ዐ--ጨመ — — — -- CO. 3. Sutfolk Terrace, Lowoatüft: * *
VINT & BROS., Stone Merchants, Idle, Bradford. *'OILs. Yellow Loam. Turf Mould. Leaf Moon — — ፲
] m PNIS MET — pt ኔ Mould, bags on approval, 3--:- Turf: inspection OULT RY M UR ; . .
` ግ wavy FT Ete ergy ግ * 1 'ቂ ew T" rg* ፪" *L* ie A ፥ te ኒ * 1 . d a 4 € iY dry
ELECTED G IRE Y WESTMORELAND ከ ንታ... ንን te MESS ee: 2 ULT Ted. form ANU daba alabi
" "dU ከን inu E ait — — Y —— for fruit and vegetables; sample and prices on appli-
OoCckerv. 1(' Des OCRCTV 8000108; AISO OFK . "Tone . 3 EEEE . ነነ èN ን ` "2 5.
Garden Paving. HERBERT BROOK. High Road, 92፡3 ced. wel wee e vee cation LAWRENCE, Lower Clatford, Hants

Whetstone, N. 20:

Y orkshire.

and Lightcliffe,

RAZY PAV ING, Rockery and W aug
from our own Somerset quarries; cheapest and best
on market: Sundials, Bird Baths and all garden requisites.

—BRITISH STONE CO., LTD., 24, Christmas Street,
Bristol.
RAZY PAVING large quantities for

- disposal, also York ‘and artificial stone edging for
Garden Paths.—FITZPATRICK & SON, Masons and
Paviors, 455, Old Ford Road, London, E. 3. Ring East

OCKERY (Westmoreland). — Waterworn

Limestone for sale in 0-10 lots and upwards:

any uantity. — For prices, etc., write JOHN
WARDLEY & SONS, Slack Head, SAE

YENUINE C UMBERL AND TU RE, Red

X Shale for hard tennis courts; Weathered Lime-
stone Rockery, Crazy Paving and Stone for garden
making : White Spar. State requirements.—K ERSHAW'S
LTD,, Garden Makers for 30 vears, Keighle V.

URVES. -Specially prepared for donne

Tennis Courts, Bowiing Greens, ete. Dark and
vellow fibrous turf loam. — Inspection. invited. —
FROGLEY « SONS, Hoddesdon, He rts.

NURF ! TURF! ' TURE! For lawns, bowling

. greens, etc. well mown and rolled, free from
weeds; 30.- per 100, or on rail, 226 per 100, c.w.o.—
T. TATSFO DS, Nazeing, Essex.

| NOTICE TO ADVERTISERS.

EASTER HOLIDAYS.

Advertisements for insertion in the issue
of April ith should reach this office

on MONDAY, the 6th inst. Those
received after that date will be held
over until the following issue.
|
EAT MOULD for Rhododendrons and
Nursery Work, >- bag, 22 - ton, in truckloads
on rall.—WALKER, Pinewoods, Camberley,
RAVEL (Surrey, binding without
stickiness, for paths and roads, 126 per ton
on rail in truck.—WALKERH, Pinewoods, Camberley,
Surrev.
OAL, Coke and Anthracite.--Trucks 10

/ any station. House Coal from 12 6 per ton pit;
Welsh Anthracite, 27, - ; SemAnthracite (registered), 23 6 :
Semi Anthracite, 186: Horticultural Coke. 17:6. AN in
sizes suitable for any furnaces.—BUCKLE COLLIERY
CO., 59, Hales, Cheltenham.

OR SALE.—-22-inch Ransomes *'*Auto-

maton"? Lawn Mower, in splendid condition, no

reasonable offer refused.—Apply MACK & MILN, LTD.,
Seed Merchants, Darlington.

NARDENERS APRONS, blue serge, with
or without bib (post free), 53, quality guararteed.
—R. E. DAVIES, Clothier, Bishop's Castle, Shropshire.

n HOT-WATER BOILERS up to largest

e) size made. all tested; 10,000 feet H.W. Pipes,
large quantity fittings, heating apparatus fixed com-
lete, glasshouses or materials for same: garden
ights, list free: established here 27 years.—C ለ.

CHRISTIANSEN, Norwood Green, Southall, W.

O YOU WANT TO WIN PRIZES?

The show bench has a lure that few can resist.
but to be successful you must have knowledge. That
knowledge can be obtained from ‘The Horticultural
Exhibitor.” by : J. Macself, one of “ The Home
Garden Books." Send for prospectus of this series to
the publishers, THORNTON BUTTERWORTH, Limited,
15, dford Street, Strand, W.C. 2.

ob NEVER HAD such good Stationery at

80 reasonable 8 price." This is but one of many
testimonials of our " Splendid value parcel" containing
250 sheets “ Bond " Letter-paper (8 by 5), printed with
address, 250 Postcards, printed with name and address,
and 250 Cream Laid Envelopes, all for 76 post paid.
Send for samples and uet '* The. Handy Scrap Pad” free
—THE AUTO PRESS, Baker Street, Hull.

መዘዘዘዘዘዘዘ! ዘዘዘዘዘዘ(በዘዘዘዘበዘዘ(ዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘ
ዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዜዘ|ዘ(ከዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘ

CALENDAR OF
GARDEN OPERATIONS

demand
and each new

with the garden.

ever since
edition, bringing
has enhanced its wonderful popularity.

m

Price

it was first published by

2/ll post free.

HIS book, so handy for the amateur or cottage gardener, has been in constant
the
it up to date in method and appearance,
The arrangement of the contents according
to the work to be done in the garden each month makes it delightfully easy to refer
to, and in addition there are extremely useful articles on various subjects connected

It is just the book for an experienced gardener to give to one rather less experienced,
and anxicvs to avoid the pitfalls into which the unwary are apt to fall.

GARDENERS CHRONICLE, Ltd., 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

aoe ama des መጠዘኡ — ፦. -. e — E —— —

late Sir Joseph Paxton,

ESE Ooo Imm

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€ bi metro ቁ MOS — —

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+ Made do 8 ab i

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dicho as ye
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t Improved 1954 * ሠ CUT rd As

Mrs D»

PATTISSO

* fis ER ሂ ጅ- doses f —

osi, GULF and TAS BEL — ENNA ear
a) ^. ayciusiveiv df the (vel A QI 12: fue PRF E Lp —
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THE GARDEN. ERN CHRONICLE.

i iei iy teo Maret axis YNOS Mas Y ERO. PRERA G

፡ Wiha THEA Sar 2

baie ና መ ን ድ= ? ging, bad enti yat:
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Ahurei A Mae Uoc ep Med (T yesee. ABO ብኸ :

AVAPRO A 993r 6, v

SAREL'S PATENT |
SPIKE D. ROLLER.

— —
Bek. The A tery
tant: darts Lorain
Uo. w tuxbfanph,

Bates 45 Invaine uae
iuro uwemmttg . thee).

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Tu: 1: 5694Wk 63 <
| sery መጀ አ. ያ. x
win? euch qun
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mis son . 66. STREATHAM COMMON. STATION, (Sw. 16."

RICHARD

“SEED

| “May Queen
ES Dake of York
ዒ, Midléthian. —
's Express.

ጋ m an Llewellyn E 142. . ተ es

— Wo

—— Visor
cEpicures -...-
British. 0ጨፉ፡
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rad and Save Carmbge Paid quolatius. we write
* tor ምክ ሓድ 1 Prntá- List,

BUR NOTTIINDHANME S d

Pyas A

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torre ust jit Roy Botanic —

-C WII wò fòt, Wair put ar Drest.
ጸህጸህሻ፡ afa sizer 2 - - poa fene.
oue kal SREEMWOOD, አይ

፡ (anat - — —— 2 X
Fw Paty Me the Wark.

^ —— RS — ie — —

THE: RESTO m ||
‘CHEAPEST...’ Uu
SPECIAL POTS.
— —— arid
Chrysanthemums... $

Dieu Collection ገሪ
ለክ the. Best in sach. ር

Fancy! Fern. Por asta:
.. Bulb Bowl
fram 3d. path,

No Walling) ፡.
AD Orders execnted E
khe wane’ dag as
? reemved: |

NEW UL USTRA TED.
; S CATALOGUE. FREE:

— weantity oF ail ana

SANKEY & SON, «78.1

Royat :፻0ሠ፲፲22,

SEE BRERA The Nurseries, CRAWLEY.

d
E EI la Sp ES
x uu Bie 2X8. -.
Has 1t

OMe: E "Borkenheeds 191: bok; * lascinating”
18 its simplicity, aad in the: vonipleteness anc
clearness. 61. us jnformatiaii, 40. it be

| ረር E gamed, mb ፡
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e 209 | 5) 5 EN vhs — should kajen a copy
2: Ate tels Aa mE p —

Cot thes dude velat which ፤ E weh: dij: more

than dis VERY tore price.

= | GARDENERS! ‘CHRONICLE, Ero EE
| 5. TS Sh Covent rand W. E RENE

— etr me

n fa x à

|. INSECT [CIDE
FUMERS

‘Por 1000) subie. deer 15. $

íi.
— xA

Plant. Sic

uted Ao. 188770) ©

— ORE ነ — ere * * *

Sont (Ay: REERISMEN —
RON OONGERS, etc. an
li aov. acuh un oftaiaing apaty 4ሆዉ! isi

t plants. -

ges WEEDS- - —

a CHEAL & SONS, Ud, =

be Y 6 So a
: 5

E GALL v

| ይመሠ — Furiosa ana. pee

ue Spplleation ob.

[ዘ(885በ8 $ Reliable WEED RILLER

li keep: your Garden Paths: Carriage

[ iu from wenta for — JE pini dra The me.
“Killer tr Daty- ጅ inple arf Dandehon fu Lawi
f — the — 123ስ(ሀ9ደ‹ ጸ3ና1ሀ8-48 Tabodr,
AS 3 Sum, EADE Dru, —* DES xtra, Cart, Pus
^i n — 6 did 2 d

Irü መየ በየ# hob ዘነ rt fe Mete
“hubare paid t4 «ዞህ ዶጸጋ፪ነ፪እ 38671.
- for al. druine nnd casket returned. 4o
ደብተመጠ፡፻፡፡፦ wither: 2: num.
. አ.ቪ.-18 “the prices w the s bow 75. PA DARUM
| please. — That this Weed: Killer | ye
Tne cine — id — በ60
the ogdinary 5 1ህ. One galion
mixed with: 50 gstong of: ru dm

ROVER Rl MICA of ror ^
atre yards effectivity: -

— HARRISON, E

att: TE PURTEY — "Masüris — — ROAT.

an the dast tnu: it apply "ጀህ እፍ ——

= T FERN CULTURE | | | Sin LAWN SAND ani

5i- per. owe,
acl v Hace Pets in mes Soil with
2 AL De ዘዬ” .

son FUMIGANT |

16/. pef owt.”
JWORMKILLER |

Bate Sta: “BE por: pos 3... Hane: NETT “ነ pa |
COMO per echt 7*3 Niort üt. 8104,22. Sitlytiate of. <

| Anm«pla, 22, Aviplinte ot Patas, 88--:. Super

Ree phosphate: 44 [ከቦሩ per Pi ae ee ive
ad gat Dat, urote yan, በከ miles Deeds. dida. ed. p n
unk fox eati 20 ele vn —— "d nuo far our foll ደላጹ -
(MEC HERE IRE. CHEMIUAL | ደር. Nikos à

IMPO ይይ በ AER: —** eme REGE

p re
"SHEETS

ዞታ መመር 2800. ሀሁ.

— TED, Heres
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| Barrs |
— Pure Lawn Grasses :

— —

—

extra fine, ‘Lawns, etc pet. 48.

BARR'S STANDARD. MIXTURE, for Games |”
Lawns, "Fennis Courts, ems pur Ib udi Yi y
For other Mixtures, the bert Manure Tor. LES a
hints or tasking and. testment of Lawns, see |.
Ry F: Barr's Lawn Grass ‘Wireiier, sent on ማስ በተአን ፡፣

rs — BARR & SONS,

Rw ie 664 1, KONG ST. KOVENT | BARDEM, — ne x

my cob WHAT POTATOES ARE YOU. PLANTING?

, | SPENCES SCOTCH ፳ POTATOES

ይመ Dainoras ond Poio Growing Guide Proa: :

CHAS. T. SPENCE,

>.

TES WATLET & ZONK, Lid.
Hesron
Nr. ጃር ጸይነካር፡.

. * k x — — £ 3 =

-
ሦ s»

*-

ON: የክ re apt dal BOW BT) 7) ( defe: bare pue ke) Seed
KA Um. de (88[ህህ5 Sie DotA. tags, ዓ sath:

Y — — weed ‘pur pases, 494: ፡ ነጻ. ላያ. plori ut ORA

VER: ‘were awarded «በጄ ኮኔ" 46% ERES

FOUR GOLD. MEDALS
FIVE. SILVER CUPS —

SRST EARLY VARIEYIER, -
or —— 25 3o Bie c Sal
MESES Karly, 9 ** of He ron Immune
: mart Rose. 3 His $91 ጻዩ Wis
yog ors ^P

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PECORE EARLY: VARIETIES: የ A
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stie — c Grant Root —— Quest.

6 25 69, 5/86 5 hc A 7.6 i

— ሸርቦ ——

anwa Perfection; siden Wondar,
Bishop, Templar, A 69 King, K.
Of * ire anap Roderick OWu,
ae King Edward,

6:8. ;9/8; crn 17/6.

“All Carriage: Paid pin Raga ይመ

*

JOHN COCK, ‘Potato. — t
Weston Ie SPALDING. v

S GREAT
| MeDUCTIONS

SALE SAM.
: > 4 $ i : ፦ | k ^ S ^ + >; 3l —
er wb. ጋ. PS rth

— Lights’ pn
48.18 8 Tying SEM loe »4 bi ፳:.
Large 1H 6ፀህ 2158 Catatogue: We at go fein.

T; ይለት & 6. Cte. —— st. tendon, eo. d

Grasnhouses

Hom.

‘Gdarantsed Hand Picked, |

Seed ፻648፡ — DUNBAR, Scotland. 1

eres Poiier$, A

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Me.

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quos. Y SELECTED. STOCKS. Sees |

B d ፡ መዩ ieod appilcation. -

| | HARRISON ዉ SONS, 2

“GARDENERS CHRONICLE,

OTHE GARDENERS" CHRONI CER:

Horticaltital Directory

The Horticultural, Directory. i$ not heng .
| |የፀፀባ(ፎ6 this. year, but a liédited ener

ውብ ua dap. t
— — —

we, 25. post. ከፎ. SNe ን a
Application should be ነክ 485 # eo is n ‘A
| GARDENERS" CHRONICLE, LTD. | 1] f
AM Taviatock 55. Covent Garden, ር ር. a. i

SOIEN DE PROGRESSES

FERTI hot SE 65

and practical experiance ch nes |
EM — —

‘makin sate, produrew &hiek. dark wines.”

PREGE. LISTS. tnehiadling epeal. Taikai de
56ኒዐ፪. መዴ ብይ — — AM. Aes
| applicati, - 2

(UH P. TRIPP.
"Orehard Works, YIEWSLEY, wiles

” PHOSPHATE OF AMMONIA
^ PHOSPHATE OF POTASH -

vey poneetitrated, aspecially ‘suitable for:
high-class: Garüsning Portilisers.

Penny & HOPE, n. 1 Nlis gt. [I

RELIABLE

——— SEED "uns

— — Qa 6 Mary, Alh | Majestic, እርቃ

“Rare እዮ small quantities, - -

Wm. writing, pisany state — req rad ; ሠ:
.::. ይስ 6. የ5 Be. Sons, ETO
iss ue s ጅመር BERTON, ines. 4

2 ክመ —

ares — d UM üperiut one of — eua
“produced Hom them: —
“tomers who grow Jorge quantities ef leading:
WS AAS 27 vegetables - obtu. est
ነ 91595. (districts . cech is:
walie: ie
3 zb Wc au gardeners,
Kurmers and
have nef. yet used
a orden ‘as Sonn 33. possible.

ei
w Do

Thousands. AM. Bur Süs

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ie. best 3b of
“These Seeds are. 5587. ን for:

ate ead

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then, should Fe: thei.. ;

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(Seed. ርመ LÉI CESTER. ae

a te
- Sowane appeataare and the érass grts

VEE - These nrud-casis spoil the lard

: ue ሕፁ — water à እ | à ን ape. see
how the worms come lo the Aürface.

sf 3 Ead c Wormbiler coste Jor ። Ic SR E y
t p: LELIE i : : :
Posee quotations for: 98: eanna | E -

i — ihi: ገ E ጋ ለ — ነ ee

MOM — a #lanced RATES Ws ብ -ኀ881:2ነ70118ኛ- Browibe 1 in tbe frass there: is- =
CO THEY ARE- SUCCESSFUL. — GU ን cM n OR I e:
K Cali end «ce ‹/8(138081818:. . | Compate ansiysh | ds COOPER'S LAWN S AND. SSS

. ASK. ROR: PEER SAMPLES, —— F 2^ ee ሚደ | y -—
GARDEN FERTILISERS.. MO Dd fertihizes We lee nis: ihe Freeds. ———
as. " Temecorgame, tà He, S. Won —— 36^. DEA, a RD i OE
dig in teet PUT Hana, እል. sm iM I| 55 Prep js gr ini. : d Au. — —
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'ዝ በኖ DRGARIC LOVER. — |. 03 — FE አስነ 23) icie caos pi VÀ auk meines 13:
ጠአቫህጻር FOR LAWNS, GOLF [9 a num 2 MA —

3 wiu, COOPER 6 NEPHEWS, Lid,
í A | ብ“ 46 #5, "Ery dik

Du Radari f
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2 Giant White Wonder 8. now re muiya 9) ii y
ገ ሐ Finest White © yilinin. isr ‘Pommerce, - s

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— SOOFER'S |

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ES coup ste over.

C The Pen L9 ddl aA.

HAMSTER:

iA 133. MEDAL
vx 3 SH vers tuit: Hokia ry
5 ; Medals.
monihe ure 1.4 Silver Baikiian: Medals
—— 1 :4፡ሀ1 Award of Merit
d oot: ini Giant: W ite Windir? i

ህየ Seed, 891805 ‘or: piunt write: tia,
| ፡ ነበ w ሠ tima tir Sewllings. : 24% fre

uh WS FORSYTH

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| ፪ሽ MOTOR MOWER — |

POM The Femi: — ES - responsible - ‘hat: thee peut are edi 36: OUR y ኒ
QU : 99984. eonditien- wid der ahis Season nüahy, Sicht provide. them
SUR “groundimes “with ATCO: Motor Mower: The letter repraduced
BERS above: versed ከዛር) thé lead. groundsinah al Wirbladon: fully: endorses
<7 thie policy ጅነ de — ges witht ን ከ
AGE ICA Ud: lach 22. neh Model 4 75 : 28 áp sch. finds 4 €95
(vcro 1006). £502 Pr&ón sity Aia መ and fhüuranteed 12 maths. Pile
7 — qo. dre ፲፪ d ፻፳ ሄሩ Quas shoul aenit Jor Free APOG TIGER. — 223
ENDS 022 ሁ2 መያ Rack Nas. aur Noted uf Pridie 0 —

S. H. EUCH, Limited

2 Cosma TCO aTcor Una ርር 228

3 ny
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ሚው ቂምን መ.
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Renovation: of ;
Lawas and Sports
d _ Grounds. | UN
Wits the “approach o vt of. US Spring,
4 those. having charge of Lawns and.
| Sports Grounds will be advised to |.
jospect. (heir. Torf- urefully. and.

| prepare td renovate those: portions.
hat have: suffered: 898. Pa

: Balance am | Rees —
— — che

á ል JV.

M

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Bene es emi d Hardsome ; ES

አር ከ1. tonfioUance al Flower

‘ ር PLANTS READY NOW |

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ይላን meti ESI : à | Three. ud ፻፡65. Lewes ME
; bat involve thé aihtest Denn * ዜር ae : Miniter ol 666 — fos — EN (UNE ;
A samestio animale, or any fear: ‘af plica: AERA, $ 2 * M E |
CUM : ing poultry, game, eto xe 4 and: of. Button ጾ Complete. Crisi EI E ON, os
as wl MN d nil ይዝ: E WE l Fertiliser on application. | AE. |
OMM y BRE 5417፡ ህዕ ዝያ ^ oka ÈRON — ana we «hali be pieuyol to
— * pin Wesiklier te a pation Water... DERI ር ርው ወጩ፡ wither by — ን ar b a ——
ar on : — M We LE — =~ 4#4›፡ ፡ Daa. My, d. D: I i x T : SG ; 3 vri ta DURO
— Ce m SUTTON & SONS A em | pecker in (HET yes And sant” ከ7 pond:

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ይዘ ክክ oni Postale Y at —

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Medaugat &Roherison, us = = ^ 5211.
BERKHAMÉTED, Herts... — zl —
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Armi, 1. 1925.
THE
(arn ' Chronicle
No. 1997.—SA TURDA Y, APRIL 4, 1925.
CONTENTS.
Alpine Garden— Plants new or note-
A ndrosaces for subur- worthy—
ban gardens . 234 Baikiaea insignis ... 239
Annuals for conserva- Pollution of the atmos-
tory and greenhouse 4 phere by smoke ... 230
decoration — ... ... 74) | posteards of Natural
Bees and Apple blossom 242 History subjects ... 229
Books, notices of— Societies — ! m
Common-sense Gar- British Carnation... 242
230 Ipswich and District
dening m au M Carden 242
Shruba of Indiana ... 239 „Gardeners 2,20 ... =ዳ=
, Kilmarmeck Spring
Bulb Garden— , Bulb ... .... ... 28
Dierama pulcherrima 231 Reading and District
Carnation Baroness de | Gardeners’... ... 241
Drienen... n SQ. 242 Texas, fruit growing in 230
Daphne Mezereum — ... 241 Tree surgery... ... 241

Trees and shrubs—

Edinburgh, notes from 238
Magnolia grandifiora 234

Foreign Correspondence—

Row Joh. €. M. mo — 234
Mensing .... ... 238 1 Feces d E
. ribbs E. aos
Fruit garden, hardy — Rhododendron bar-
Local Plums ... . 240 batum at Tilgate,
" Gardeners’ Chronicle ” Crawley bis 23M
seventy-five years ago 231 Rhododendron brach-
f 233
Garden, form and y CATP uil. eee e
colour in the... .. 229 | Vegetable garden—
: Duration of Aspara-
Obituary — gus beds .. .. 241
Burns, Alex. ... ... =43 Spring Cabbages ... 241
Orchid notes and zlean- Ward's. Mr. Kingdon,
ings— f eighth expedition in
Brasso-Cattleya Warn- Asin » . . 286
ham Beauty ME | ter darde 245
New hybrid Den- ater garden ... e -፦›
drobiums ... 240. | Week's work, the "me
Oncidium chrysedip- White, Mr. J. T. . 3230
terum, Hey House « Windolite ” 230
Variety E. ... 240 indolite ” e
Parks and gardens... 242 Wisley, notes from ... 238
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Baikiaea insignis ae * Pa oe T ESL
Carnation Shot Sik... pe — E * ... 211]
Magnolia grandiflora... — ns T em SQ. 235
Narcissus Dominick /— ... 5 n ካጅ 25i 595: M
Rhododendron brachycarpum አር vs ርር e. መነ)
Rhododendron moorland in Eastern. Tibet, 256;
yellow R. Souliei in Eastern Tibet... Vs x SHE
White, Mr. J. T.. portrait of M a E ... ሠብ

SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE.
Pyrus pinnatifida var. Gibbsii.

AVERAGE MEAN TEMPERATURE for the ensuing week
deduced. from observations during the last fifty

year at Greenwich, 40.0 .

ACTUAL TEMPERATURE—

The Gardeners’ Chronicle Office, 3, Tavistock Street.

Covent Garden, London. Wednesday, April 1.
10 a.m. Bar. 300, temp. 50 . Weather.
IN the course of a recent

Form and address to the Garden Club
Colour in the by Sir Frederick W. Keeble
Garden. on the subject of form and
colour in the garden, ques-

lions of great horticultural interest were
raised. Beside that which constituted the
chief part of the address —the tendency in the
modern garden to disregard beauty of form
of the individual plant and to concentrate on
colour schemes —a larger question was
raised, namely, whether the time has not
arrived when a new style of gardening might
be devised and practised! The argument in
favour of the suggestion runs as follows: —
the number of garden stvles which have been
invented 15 almost as limited as the number
of architectural styles. And just. as modern
architecture appears to be unable to evolve a
new style and to be content in taking- not
always very happily- -ideas from the old
styles, so is it with garden architecture. We
have the formal garden, the wild garden, the
rock garden and so on. Each. compartment
is often beautifully furnished with plants but
the garden lacks unity. 11. might be urged

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

that this is an advantage, and, indeed, it
would be were the unity to be monotonous,
It might also be urged that it is an affair for
the garden architect and that it is his business
to give unity by working out a design which
embraces all parts of the garden. This may
be so, but it is not the point at issue, which
is that the garden architect. himself--like all
of us—adheres to the old, well tried, and it

must be admitted, remarkably successful
methods. Those methods were introduced

and perfected when the choice of garden
subjects was far more limited than it is now.
During the past century vast numbers of new
plants—trees, shrubs and herbs--have been
introduced and provide a wealth of form and
colour undreamed of in earlier gardening
days. Anyone who bears this all-important
fact in mind and approaches the subject
unprepossessed by convention can scarcely
fail to wonder why it is that whereas winter
lasts for more than six months of the vear,
gardens are often planned so as to be
beautiful for the summer months only.
During the dull grey and wet months when
the garden is most needed to solace the
country dweller, it is only too often, at all
events in large part, bare of all beauty except
that of the freshly dug earth. Yet there are
shrubs and trees and lesser plants almost
innumerable which are beautiful and of
varying beauty on every one of the three-
hundred-and-sixtv-five days of the year.
Convention and convenience alike conspire to
banish them from the parts of the garden in
which the herbaceous perennials--the back-
bone of the small garden—are lying dormant.
Why should this be when, if the shrubs and
lesser trees were made free of the garden,
with due regard to the amount of growth
that each makes and the space available for
their accommodation, they would keep it
bright and beautiful all the year round.
Wilson's and many other Berberis, Senecio
Grayii, the grey and green Santolinas, the
larger and smaller growing Olearias, the
early-flowering and other Brooms, Spartium
junceum, Koelreuteria, the sometimes despised
but in its place splendid Viburnum rhyti-
dophvllum, the less deciduous Tamarisks,
the Cistuses, the Heaths, Pernettvas, Rhodo-
dendrons, Pieris, Plagianthus, Rosemary
and Lavender in single specimens and in
groups—to mention only a few of evergreen
shrubs now available— would be no longer
confined to shrubberies but distributed
throughout the whole garden. Between the
larger or smaller groups would be grassy
walks, surrounding and passing through the
places reserved for perennials and annuals.
Hence even when the annuals were gone and
herbaceous perennials had died down, the
whole garden would still be pleasing by
reason of the form and colour of the shrubs
and trees admitted freely to all its parts.
Needless to sav, even though consideration
convinced anyone that these methods would
al go to the interest and beauty of the
garden, it is too great an undertaking for
anvone to remodel an existing garden in
accordance with them ; but we can see no
reason why the idea should not be developed
and applied to gardens under construction.
It would, at all events, result in. decompart-
mentalisation. The garden would no longer
be laid out in sections, but as a whole.
Formal and wild would find place in it as
would, where conditions made them possible,
rock and bog garden, Even the conser-
vatories, so often in the old gardens relegated
to unvisited remoteness in the vegetable
garden, might with architectural conjunction

Lo

be brought into the garden scheme, and the
orchard likewise would become a part of it.
What, for example, could be more charming

than to be able to approach a low
alpine house aglow in late winter with
alpines, through a rain-proof avenue of

trained Ilex or other evergreen. Needless to
say, the suggestion of the integration of the
garden would need much careful con-
sideration and cunning planning before it
could be adopted but we think that it should
not pass the wit of man to give us a new
form of garden design which would include
all the many qualities of existing gardens
with the added feature of unity —the garden
not composed of sections but made whole by
the intermediation of evergreen and deciduous
flowering shrubs, beautiful not only in their
several flowering seasons but all. through
the vear.

Picture Postcards of Natural History Subjects.
—The British Museum is issuing a series of
picture postcards, some in monochrome and
others in colour, of natural history subjects.
The postcards are issued in series, with an
explanatory leaflet, and as they arc stated

to have be»n prepared with as much care
in point of view of accuracy as if they
were destined to illustrate scientific mono-

graphs, many of our readers will desire to
possess them. From a horticultural stand-
point the most useful are those in the
series * Remarkable Plant Structures,” * Ger-
mination of Wheat,” ‘Dispersal of Fruits
and Seeds,” ‘British Flowering Plants '---
of which there are four sets of five cards
each—and “ Fossil Plants," the last in a series

of ten monochrome cards and — leaflet.
Country dwellers will also be interested in
the postcards of British birds and birds

eggs, British insects, British butterflies, British
moths, and breeds of dogs. Single cards of

the majority may be obtained at ld. cach,
and single coloured cards at 2d. each from

the Natural History Museum, Cromwell. Road,
S.W. The postage on one set of five cards
is ld. ; on one set of ten, 1301: and በክ one
set of twenty cards, 21d. A full list of the

postcards is given in Natural — JTistory
Museum Form 170a.
Legacy to a Gardener. — Mr. Daniel H.

Shilson, of Trewhiddle, St. Austell, Cornwall,
who died on January 4, aged 85, left £1,000
to his gardener, Mr. William Henry Crocker.
whether still in his service or not, and the
use for life of Rose Cottage, New Mills, 5t.

Austell, with remainder to his wife for her
life if she should survive him.
York Gala.— The schedule of the Grand

Yorkshire Flower Show and Gala to be held
on June 17, 18, and 19, at Knavesmire,
York, contains fifty-eight classes. Very liberal
prizes are again offered for collections of
plants, rock gardens, and water gardens. For
a group of miscellaneous plants in or out
of bloom. arranged for effect, the sum of
£70 is offered in six prizes, the first prize
being £20; the prizes in the other classes in
this section are the same as last year. The
Orchid classes number cight, with prizes of
sufficient value to attract the best growers.
The Rose classes are extended, there being
new classes for (a) aix Roses in pots; and (b)
twelve single blooms, both open to amateurs

only. The classes for Carnations, Gloxinias,
Begonias, and Calecolarias are as in former
years, with similar prize money. amounting

in the aggregate to £76 5s. The hardy flower
section is again a strong feature of the-
schedule. Fruit should be hetter represented
at the York Show this year than for some
time past as we are glad to note there are
no fewer than six classes, viz, for a table
decorated with fruits and flowers. for ከ
colleetion of four kinds of fruits, for two

V.
AL

Td pt 1 Bode ር Cara es, ፊሃ Awé
areis 33 wine rüges, Tor iX uum ,ጸ0:011--
Dk. Nectarine: rspretivelsy -< 59፡81 prizes
Again pHered he mütsery firms for vogeibles; :
‘appeal: በየ] 1o Gur readin to: Eins NIRE:

flower show “eather. ከኛ ktat

ከ1
DAYS

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ghe 18: the: es cof. "ከ605. ORC dew fere
end: disappointments . : :

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ins, well-known: Me ላር Landon” petites ዚክ.
: በ8: aou gardens as ቤ- public parl. Tie
Ure tB the” isit Cpptitprises- :. 516. 5፡8.
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ድን

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= SOE ots. hee’ quiehass price eer hien.
— Eine aiiin 88ሺ/.. Mes d isiy Fal ‘Hear
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recently.» “Probably ome ob thes lreatages .

itches, 18 thar : (68ኛ. hé- opposition. -

"E while of the. And.
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LB deis Aieferenee denas oae qe itae
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that “AES UR: wid gulvds Ape; fu to

| በካዞአ] — di
d 85፡5 shou be 19፡፻:[. for guerres.

Canadien daverament: Ims asked. the Ministry.

gb Agria iro nak. o Fisheries du. ከህ0/(የኖ%..

EU uid. Sahe .Cheetuod. IE piri
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T disc DOSUD 18. addit d the ome “11

p coming. ahel Foryd "bass thin -1ጩ parte:
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ie dat ther Ther thre pielt naling.
nay cde — Ud uo the wittside €
meu

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glasshouses, X.
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ante grown: 1n. steuktures: Diy otiüeli Winalite Sas

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mana: n

ET BEDEN ERN CH RO: uc LES

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Hu not - 8ከየቤ#ያጋ qup, 186: fall: awwünd ህየ. owhe ‘Beasties’ are produced ir. neita mornar እ

und ther Sopstire | pns or

rd neto Texas, Xx
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| — See he ---

itm በ683 ዳሎ. ከክ ለናክ | eee —
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“White, c Qui alo Aba qiebsere aat ote: duh
T duir ith: Linralisbhire, duis achieved. success

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enjoy - the —— a dfe: dee trom: RD rap ETIN. er; splendid valit y^ npn peodburid
business. Cares ሕካ981: dutty PI AER » Ns E xy. /ይ;.ኔ,፤ ከዮ: ከነቨነኬቤ dicesily "Ox en. Mas appty.

:büsmeosse 9: 8:
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White and. Some Dafedit ን ጆክ dias.

às OW Tte:

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ide 566: de. dh (most; ipartar ody

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Mis

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ahe eminence fies seibilities: of niione ከህ. —— Water Melons yi. diced S CS
bath growine, | “both dne ihe see: f. bulbs “great Mes dame row "ams Taran quanfiues. deo EOM

nnd: hec 5815:"ር፪:. des Fame, hat: when. que. »
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: 174098. bulb. some ef the “neighbouring
farmers: dau 10/15 as. 3: hu sintya ever!
ክር they dived .10.፡ admire: Jae: “Foresight:

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awa onilierilo “situated: GE oW be apa -
States. eine iate ፻፪ pesas des ceshiraa tod WES C
My ,934,7 124 Y Ades: 5 Large: reda dir "diveored ^ ) ds
re cultivation of; Maize, Wheat, Date Bare

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detior dv E

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BW, Spalding 18.8. pecore thu: aset aab: 88 ARIS. Buihdiinas. PEY 66 :.ህ693 Meg:
-extensive. madistey in the: huke ans Haw. ars. s Ao Qm abe iin

vaprödiag: ihi rotal work. -

cof Battodila md Pigs “and: 3n thos two Wjurious electa of 108 ud ouy ከክ wkt ...
subjects Spalding - PAN: Bow | “OPE than þad. tatio Wut ህበ ons d n. public health; Iu. Ml
cab: mon witli” "Holland: — ARS cp Whitt is- wena: BEREE that: mel Tik diy per "MO
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- —

THE ORCHID HOUSES.

By J. COLLIER, Gardener to SIR JEREMIAH COLMAN, Bart.,
Gatton Park, Relgate.
Calanthes.—These beautiful Orchids are
largely grown in establishments where a
general collection of stove and greenhouse

plants is cultivated, as they supply cut
blooms over a long period. The flowering
season begins in November with the C.

vestita section, followed somewhat later by C.
Veitchii and the many darker forms, C. Wm.
Murray, C. Regina, and the white C. Harrisii,
which will produce a display until March.
Signs of new growth are apparent 1) the
plants of the earlier-blooming section, which
have been resting for the past few weeks.
When the young shoots are about an inch
long and new roots appear at their bases
the plants may be repotted. If not already
done, remove the pseudo-bulbs carefully from
their pots and shake away all the old soil.
Cut off all decayed roots to within one inch
of their bases; the small tuft remaining will
help to hold the plant in position in the
pot. Examine each pseudo-bulb for the
presence of scale insects, and if observed,
remove the insects by means of a small, stiff
brush, taking care not to damage the buds
in doing so. Ordinary flower pots or rather
deep pans are the most suitable receptacles,
and they should be one-third filled with
drainage material. Some growers prefer to
place the pseudo-bulbs singly in pots of
various sizes, a method that has its
advantages. A good-sized pseudo-bulb will
require & pot six inches in diameter, and so
on in proportion to the size of the plant.
Where growing space is limited, or specimens
are needed for placing in the dwelling house,
a pot seven inches to eight inches in
diameter will prove suitable for five or six
pseudo-bulbs of average size.

Repotting Calanthes.

Calanthes are strony
rooting plants enjoying a richer and = more
retentive compost than most Orchids, and
three-parts of its bulk should consist
of good fibrous loam, the small particles
shaken out, with the remainder made up of
partly decayed Oak-leaves, chopped Sphagnum-
moss, 6. sprinkling of coarse silver sand,
crushed erocks, and «a small quantity of
bone-meal, the whole well incorporated together.
In Spo ne the plants the soil should be
press moderately firmly. Leave sufficient
pe at the top for watering. The base of
the new growth should rest upon the com-
post, for if buried deeply it will be liable
to damp off.

THE FLOWER GARDEN.
By W. AUTON, Gardener to VISCOUNT ELVEDEN,
Pyrford Court, Woking, Surrey.

Herbaceous Phloxes.—The wealth of beauty
and variety to be found in modern herba-
ceous Phloxes make them desirable border
plants, and for autumn display they may be
regarded as amongst the most useful plants
we have. Young stock from autumn-struck
cuttings may now be planted where the
plants are required to flower. These Phloxes
need generous treatment,’ and in light, sandy

soils it is impossible to get good results
without a liberal addition of good organic
manure to assist in the retention of

moisture.

Violas.—Violas struck from cuttings in the
autumn, and which have been well hardened,
may now be planted out. Provided weather
conditions are favourable, there is a decided
advantage in planting early, as the plants
have time to ome thoroughly established
before the trying conditions of summer
set in.

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

Pampas Grass.—Large clumps of this de-
corative Grass need an annual cleaning and
this should be done at the present tme.
Any divisions or further plantings should
also be done now.

Kniphofias.—The present is a suitable time
to attend to these plants, and any dividing
or replanting may now be carried out.
Spring planting is always desirable, but this
should not be left too late or the plants
will not have time to become re-established
before the summer. Care should be exercised
in replanting operations, as the fleshy roots
are very easily damaged.

Cannas.— These highly decorative plants are
valuable alike for their handsome foliage
and brilliant flowers, and a well grown bed

of Cannas is a striking feature during the
late summer and autumn. Plants which
have been stored and rested during the

winter should now be divided, the portions
placed into suitable sized pots and grown
on in gentle heat and atmospheric moisture.

-—

PLANTS UNDER GLASS.

By F. J. CLARK. Gardener to Lt.-Col. SIR GEORGE
HOL¥FORD, Westonbirt, Tetbury, Gloucestershire.

Bouvardias.— Although — these
be successfully grown on a second year
after cutting them hard back. following a
period of rest, the best results are obtained
from young plants raised from cuttings each
year. Cuttings may be procured from these
same — cut-back. plants. whieh have been
placed in heat and kept syringed. Tips of
the young growths about two inches in
length may be dibbled fairly thickly into
small pots which have been well drained
and filed with a mixture of peat, leaf-
mould, loam, and plenty of sand. Water
the cuttings and plunge the pots in the
bed of a propagating case having a bottom
heat of about 70. If kept close, shaded
and moist, the cuttings should be rooted im

plants may

about three weeks. They should then be
gradually accustomed to the air of the
house and finally removed from the. propa-

gating case to a position. near the roof-glass
in the same house or to one of an equal
temperature. When sufficiently hardened. the
young plants should be placed singly into
thumb pots, growing them on in a tem.
perature of 60 10 70 during the early
stages. A week. or ten days after the
transference of the plants to the thumb
pots they shculd be pinched back to the
first joint, and in due course all the subse-
quent. growths should be regularly pinched
throughout the growing season up to the
end of July or the end of August at the
latest. Their second shift should be into
three-inch pots and after. this stage they
should be grown in a somewhat cooler
atmosphere. For the final potting five-and-ae
half-inch receptacles will be large enough.
Very little, if any, peat need be used at
this potting, provided, good, fibrous, light,
sandy loam is procurable. This latter material

and good flaky Oak leaf-mould' used in
equal parts with plenty of sand and some
finely broken charcoal added, will form a

good rooting medium. When the plants are
established in their pots they require to be
supplied. with plenty of water at the roots.
Otherwise, they are likely to suffer seriously
from the attacks of red spider. Bouvardias
are also liable to attack bv green fly which

should be kept in check by fumigating the
house with a nicotine compound. Though a
low span-roofed house, provided with hot-
water pipes, offers the best accommodation
for Bouvurdias at all seasons, the plants
may be grown in a cool frame or pit
during the warmest suimniner months, syringing
them and elosing the frame during. the
ufternoons or early evening, according as

the days ure bright and warm or
By the middle of September, however, it
will be well to move the plants into a
light house, having a minimum temperature
of 55'. To ensure the free-fluwering of the

otherwise.

APRIL 4d. 1925.

— — — — — -- መ — — — — —— —

plants, they should, when established im
their flowering pots, be fed with soot-water.
weak liquid manure, and by occasionally
giving them a light top-dressing of a good
artificial plant food.

FRUITS UNDER GLASS.
By F. STREETER, Gardener to MAJOR ALBERT PAM,
Wormley Bury, Broxbourne, Herta.

Apples and Pears.—Heep the collection of
pot Apple and Pear trees in the open so
long as possible. If they are stil plunged
in ashes to protect the pots examine the
soil frequently for water, especially when
north and east winds prevail, such as we
have experienced during the last few weeks.

Tomatos.—Grow the first batch of Tomatos
quickly, and if in seven-inch pots stop
the leading shoots at the third or fourth
flower truss. Remove all side shoots so soon
as they can be seen. Should the plants
grow too strongly and the growth be soft,
check this by feeding the roots lightly with
sulphate of potash. — Ventilate the house
carefully so soon as the temperature reaches
63. Lf any difficulty is found in the fruits
setting, gently dew the flowers with a very
fine spray of tepid water about midday.
Keep the house rather drier than for most
subjects. Make another sowing and raise the
plants in heat for successional cropping-
Fumigate the house with nicotine to destroy
white fly.

Melons.---So soon a- these plants are well
rooted in J-ineh and 6-inch pots they are ready

for planting out. Place a row of slates on
the bed to prevent. the roots growing into
the hot-bed. The soil. should. be placed. on a
double row of good turves and should
consist. of three parts loam and onc of
mortar rubble, placing it in mounds one
foot apart. Allow it to become thoroughly
warmed through before the Melons are
planted.

Strawberries. --lhe earliest Strawberries are
beginning to show colour and watering

should he done very carefully. just sufficient
moisture being given to keep the roots
moist. At this stage the use of stimulants
should be discontinued. Grow the plants on
a shelf in the cool orchard house in full
sun and give them all the air possible,
leaving the ventilators open. a little during
mild nights. “This will greatly assist the
berries to develop a fine flavour and recor-
pense the grower for any extra care bestowed
on the cultivation of the plants. Keep all
successional batches of plants clean. and
thinned as advised for the earhest crops.
See that the leaves are quite clear. of
the vine foliage at all periods; unless this
is done there is a danger of red spider
infesting the foliage.

HARDY FRUIT GARDEN.
By E. NEAL, Gardener to J. A. NIX, Esq. Tilgate,
Crawley, Sussex.

Prospects of the Fruit Crops.—Apple trees
are full of fruit buds, and look very
promising for a bountiful crop. Many
standard trees that fruited heavily last year
have sufficient fruit buds for a good crop
this year, and the samc is true of bush
Apples. Many of the horizontally-trained
cordon trees have far too many tower
buds showing, although the buds are
looking healthy at present. The crop will
depend on the weather at flowering time:
buds are a fortnight too early, but the
cold weather from March 11 onwards has
checked them a little. Fruit buds, with the
exception of ዜ few cases, are very scarce on
Pear trees in these gardens. This, I gather,
is general everywhere. If the summer is
favourable the trees will benefit by not
having a crop; the wet summer last year
did not suit Pears, especially on heavy soils,
and many treos look very unhealthy. A warm
summer would put fresh vigour into the
trees for a crop the following year.

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234

brownish-yellow. The variation in the seed-
ling plants cau no doubt be traced to the
collection of seeds in different localities.
Being very hardy and a June-flowering
species, it was thought to provide possibilities
as a parent to prolong the season of
flowering. Numerous hybrids have been
raised from it, and we have some dried
flowers at Kew labelled “ Waterer 1907,”
but as yet I have seen none of outstanding
merit. If, however, one or two of the
best forms were used in conjunction with
selected plants of KR. discolor and R.
auriculatum, or with one or two of the
best late-flowering hybrids something good
should result.

PYRUS PINNATIFIDA VAR. GIBBSII.
(SEE SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE.)

Many readers who are particularly interested
in hardy trees and shrubs will still retain
vivid recollection of the large and compre-
hensive display of sprays of autumn fruits
exhibited by the Hon. Vicary Gibbs at one
of the Royal Horticultural Society's fortnightly
shows last September. The most interesting
item in that exhibit to some
form of Pyrus pinnatifida labelled Pyrus firma.
The origin. of this name is shrouded in
inystery, and being obviously without meaning
and unsuitable, a name indicating something
of the tree's relationship and history seemed
desirable, and so with the owner's permission
the name of P. pinnatifida var. Gibbsii is
now adopted.

Pyrus pinnatifida, the Bastard Service tree,
is reputed to be a natural hybrid between
P. intermedia and P. aucuparia. [t is found
wid in Northern and Central Europe, and
also in the Isle of Arran. "Trees raised from
seeds may be expected to come true, but
intermediate forms occur from time to time, show-
ing their connection with the two parents. This
is said to be the origin of Pyrus Meinichii,
trees of which the late Earl of Ducie obtained
from Norway about 1904. The subject of the
supplementary illustration is probably of
similar origin, showing perhaps rather more
evidence of P. Aucuparia as one of the parents,
Attractive in. flower and foliage the tree. is
particularly ornamental in autumn when laden
with the round-oval fruits, which are rich red
in colour. A. Osborn, Kew.

MAGNOLIA GRANDIFLORA.

THis illustration of Magnolia grandiflora
(Fig. 96) depicts a bud and three flowers in
their stages of development in opening. lt
will be noticed that the lower petal of the
bul is unfurling in a downward direction,
while the flower immediately under tho bud,

on the right of the illustration, is further
advanced, but the lower petals are more
forward than the upper ones. The lower
flower on the left is further advanced, and
in another twelve hours the upper petals
would be as fully expanded as those in the
top flower. This development takes place

in all the flowers where the plant is trained
in an upright position. Two shoots are seen
springing from close to the base of the top
flower; these are the new growths forming
new buds for flowering next season, and
such growths ‘are always formed through tho
winter and spring, so should these shoots ከ6
removed, others following would 56 too late
to ensure free flowering. We tie all shoots
to the trellis which supports the plants, and

we find this method very successful at
Coombe House, Croydon, where there are
two specimens that cover the main entrance.
They are thirty feet high and twenty-six
feet wide, and I have seen them carry over
thirty expanded flowers at one time, with
numerous buds; the scent from so many
flowers 14 very powerful. The stem of our
specimen on the left-hand side of the

entrance is twenty-two inches in cireum-
ference, twelve inches from the ground, while
the other has a girth of twenty inches at
twelve inehes from the ground. Mark Mills.

THE

of us was u~

GARDENERS?

THE ALMOND AS A TOWN TREE.

THIs beautiful flowering
commonly planted in

nof so
many

tree is
towns as its

qualities deserve. It grows extremely well
m and around London, and is a charming
and attractive subject for any garden

fortunate enough to possess a good specimen.
Having regard to its early-flowering—usually
during Febmary and Mareh -it becomes a

welcome sign of spring, after the long
spell of winter's desolation.

lt is an invaluable tree for planting in
small, open spaces in congested areas, and
would be very effective for street-work,
although, 1 fear, its chances of success as
such in London would be jeopardised by

the depredations of boys and even of some
adults who have an eye to the commercial
value of the flowering twigs. Walking
through one of the narrow, drab streets of
South London a few days ago l noticed
1). two small gardens —some few — houses
apart —a young Almond tree planted in the
centre of each; both were thriving and
appeared to be about ten years old.
Tho stems were begrimed with soot, but
the wealth of rosy blossoms was as fresh,
elean, and as pure as if the flowers were
opening in the purest of country air! Mean
streets would be redeemed from drabness if
such plantings were more extensive, and by
the aid of the local authority the people
could be taught to love and appreciate the
beauty of such an easily-grown — subject.
H. G. King.

RHODODENDRON BARBATUM
TILGATE, CRAWLEY.

AT

ላ VERY fine specimen of Rhododendron
barbatum has flowered in the pleasure grounds

of these gardens. The tree is twelve feet
high and the same in diameter. On
March 6, three hundred trusses were in

flower at one time and there were one hundred
and thirty more trusses 10 expand. The
sudden change of weather to cold winds and
sharp frosts, however, spoiled the beauty of the
plant and also ruined the unopened flower trusses.
E. Neal, Tilgate Gardens, Crawley, Susser.

MAGNOLIAS.

AMONG trees and shrubs with showy
flowers several of the Magnolias are note-
worthy and it is remarkable that they are
not more frequently met with in gardens.
Apart from the fact that they are difticult.

subjects to transplant their culture generally

presents no difficulty, as they thrive in
almost any well-drained soil and are quite
hardy.

lt is wise, however, to plant Magnolias in
positions protected. from cast winds, as they
flower carly and are apt to be injured by
keen winds and late frosts.

M. conspicua, & Chinese species, is one of
the oldest and best known. 11 forms a frecly
branched tree twenty feet to twenty-five feet
in height, and produces a profusion of large,
pure-white, sweetly scented flowers iu early
spring. |

M. Soulangeana, a hybrid between M. con.

spicua and M. purpurea, resembles the first-
named parent in habit. Its large, fragrant
flowers are soft pink within and shaded

rosy-purple without. ,

M. Lennei is another hybrid from M. con-
spicua and resembles it in habit ‘and freedom
of flowering. Lts flowers are of a bright,
rosy-pink colour and present a pleasing con-
trast to those of M. conspicua.

M. Campbellii is a beautiful Himalayan
species, but not so free-flowering as the
aforementioned and requires. a sheltered
position.

M. stellata is one of the dwarfest of all
Magnohas and very free-flowering, even quite
small plants being literally covered with the
sweetly seented, star-like flowers in April and
May. In addition to its usefulness in the
outdoor garden, this species is well adapted

CHRONICLE.

APRIL 4, 1925.

for pot culture and
conservatory decoration
of the year.

M. parviflora is another dwarf, Japanes.
species Of free-flowering qualities, its crimsetn
stamens making the flowers very attractive.

M. glauca 2

is an acquisition for
in the. early month-

is a rather slow-growing shrul:

and its cream-white flowers do not appear
until June. The undersides of the leaves ar-
sUvery-white, and a pretty effect is created

when the foliage is disturbed by the wind.

M. tripetala is a /— free-growing species and
requires plenty of room to show its character.
It has very large deep-green leaves, and
white, sweetly scented flowers that are produced
in June.

M. grandiflora is a handsome, evergreen
species with large, glossy leaves and bears
flowers of a large size. Although occasionally
grown as an untrained tree, it is seen to
best advantage when trained to the walls of
a building, and some very fine examples
exist in various parts of the country. Ther
are several varieties, differing from the type
in the shape of the leaves, of which the
Exmouth variety appears to ከር the most
Horiferous. W. Aton.

ALPINE GARDEN.

ANDROSACES FOR
GARDENS.

MrR. Mark Mikes note. on. Androsacc
Chumbyi (page 200) is timely, because then
5 a great prejudice against all Androsaces
as plants for town gardens. One could not
recommend this genus of plants. ከ) thus
gardening in the acid.laden air of the
environs of some northern industrial towns.
but their cultivation is quite feasible near
London. The late Mr. R. A. Malby, who
was very successful with rare alpines at
Woodford, had flourishing plants of the even
ehoicer (Arctia) Androsaces, although he was
never altogether successful with the showy
Aubrietias, which are the main stand-by of
so many rock and wall gardens! — His
Aubrietia plants survived, and that is about
all one could sav of them.

SUBURBAN

Androsace Chumbyi is (or was) supposed
to be a hybrid. between A. sarmentosa and

A. villosa, but to me it has always appeared

no more than a local form of A. sarmen-
tosa, and the same may be said of the
very beautiful plant with, apparently, no
authentic name, but which masquerades in
nurseries as A. primuloides. A. Watkinsii is

yet another of the set.

A. Chumbyi differs from what is regarded
as the typical A. sarmentosa in its smaller
rosettes and, at any rate, relatively larger
flowers; a brightly coloured form is sold as
var. Brilliant.

ላ. primuloides (of gardens) is somewhat
similar, but the foliage is more pointed, and
much more beset with very silvery hairs, so
that the winter rosettes are very silvery and
quite felted. Tho flowers, too, are more
substantial and of better outline. A. Wat-
kinsit approaches nearer to A. sarmentosa
(type), but has flowers of notably rich colour-
ing. Afl these forms of A. sarmentosa are of
about equal ease of culture, though one would
have expected the extra-hairy A. prirnu-
loides to be more difficult in suburban
gardens.

Though seldom grown so, the members of the
sarmentosa set are very suitable for dry-wall
culture, and will succeed either on the face or
upon the wall top. A very beautiful group

"coping “` a wall is or was, to ከቦ seen at
Mounton House, Chepstow. When all is
wid, however, the easiest, showiest, and
most attractive oof the Androgaees is A.
Lageert, which, given a bed of peat and
stone — Chips in full sun, never fails to

provide, spring by spring, sheets of brilliant
rose flowers. R. V. €. W.

x PRU.

A 1#፻/፳ላ፳ኛ

ቀ ^C 1 $ ረ D › *
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238

NOTES FROM EDINBURGH.

Puant life in the Royal Botanic Garden,
Edinburgh, is feeling the gentle touch of
spring, and Crocuses, Snowflakes, and other
spring-flowering bulbs are in flower. In the
rock garden there is a particularly interesting
patch of the delightful Iris reticulata growing

in grass. In another part 1. Histrio may be
seen. Of the Crocuses there is one in
particular worthy of mention. It is C.
banaticus, a native of Transsylvania and its
orange anthers harmonise well with the fine
purple colour of the perianth. Here and
there the dainty blossoms of Narcissus
cyclamineus appear, while the pale N.

pallidus is flowering in the herbaceous border.
Saxifragas, which are a feature of the rock
garden, are opening, among them S. Elizabethac.
S. apiculata, and S. Burseriana with some of
its varieties. In the wild garden the pink
blossoms of S. ligulata are noticeable. Here
also, and in parts of the rock garden, two
Hellebores, H. colchicus and H. antiquorum,
are in flower.

Among shrubby subjects there are a few
worthy of attention. Daphne Mezereum has
opened its fragrant blossoms, while Erica carnea
is making an effective display. Rhododendron

moupinense, one of the earliest to flower,
suffers in Edinburgh from frost, but some
blossoms have escaped unscathed. Another

nteresting Ericaceous shrub is Cassandra (or

Andromeda) calyculata, — which possesses
relatively large flowers and is not too
frequently seen doing really well in gardens.

It was introduced from North America in
1748. By the pond, the pink flowers of the
curious parasitic Lathraea Clandestina are in
evidence. One of the outstanding features of
the garden is the hedge of Rhododendron
praecox now in flower, which indicates the
possibilities of this excellent hyhrid. Two
other Rhododendrons of interest are R. bar-
batum and R. acuminatum.

At this time of year the houses provid:
an attractive display. Five leguminous plants
in flower in the central greenhouse deserve
mention. A specimen of Eutaxia myrtifolia
in the east corridor is flowering freely, while
on the staging there are pot plants of the
scarlet-flowered, woolly-leaved Kennedya pros-
trata, the long sprays of Aotus gracillima, and
the very decorative Chorizema ilicifolia are notable

features. Hardenbergia monophylla, a blue-
flowered species, is effective, and a bright

display is also afforded by the deep mauve
flowers of Prostanthera rotundifolia. — Salvi:
rubescens has produced its deep red flowers
over & considerable period. In the west corri.
dor well-flowered specimens of Rondeletin
Roezlii and Cestrum Newellii attract attention.
Probably the most handsome of Camellias is

C. reticulata which exhibits its Jarge red
flowers in one of the beds in the centre
house.

Of tropical plants those deserving of

mention are Brunfelsia calycina and Whit-
fieldia lateritia, together with Clerodendron
infortunatum. Euphorbia fulgens. a very
decorative plant, and Thunbergia Vogeliana.
with blue flowers and yellow hairs on the
inside of the corolla, are flowering in the
Bromeliad house. A very interesting member
of the Scitamineae, Stromanthe sanguinea, is
in flower in the Aroid house. Another
member of the same family is the curious,
bird-pollinated Strelitzia Reginae, whose pretty
orange and blue flowers attract nttention.
The collection of Orchids at Edinburgh
contains a large number of species, and a
very attractive display of these has been
made in the Orchid house. Cirrhopetalum
Mastersianum, & native of Java, bears orange
flowers, and near by is Angraecum eburneum,
an old species not often seen. Good plants
of Eria densiflora, E. anchorifera, E. globifera,
and E. stellata are on view. Odontoglossums
include a fine specimen of O. Edwardii, and
there are also O. elegans, O. pulchellum,

O. crispum (and its varieties), O. niveum, a

THE GARDE: BRS’ CHRONICLE,

very pretty species, and several good plants
of O. Rossii majus. A great display has been
made with plants of Coelogyne cristata, and
its two varieties, alba and lemoniana. There
is & fine specimen of C. pulchella and
another of C. elata; C. flaccida ia also in flower,
the last represented by several large plants.
Dendrobiums are represented by D. Wardianum
and its beautiful form album, which are
flowering profusely. D. Brymerianum, an old
species, is shown, the flowers being of a
golden yellow with a hcavily fringed labellum.
Others of the genus in flower are D.
delicatum, D. crassinode, and D. Kingianum
album. Pleione Delavayi with fine purple
flowers, deserves mention. The rare Ponera
juncifolia, is an interesting little plant, and
another rare species in Platyclinis rufa: both
are in flower. Phalaenopsis Luddemanniana
has a fine young plant at the end of the
flower spike, indicating the natural method
of propagation adopted by this species. The
curious Trias picta, and a plant of Scaphy-
glottis Behri also deserve mention, in addition

to Maxillaria sanguineum, with grass-like
foliage, a very fine plant of the hybrid
M. Pourbaixii, M. Sanderiana, M. lepidota,

and M. variabilis lutea. The prettiest of the

dainty Pleurothallis i» P. astrophora, with
small, starry-flowers, while P. tridentata,
which is never really out of flower, and
P. Roezlii, with dark purple, almost black
flowers, together with P. ornata, a very
curious little species two inches to three

inches high. deserve special mention.

A notable plant in the Orchid house is
Aerides vandarum, which grows and flowers
freely. It is one parent—the other being
Vanda teres—of an interesting hybrid, Aerio-
Vanda Mundayi, and all three plants are in
flower. Cymbidiums have been very pro-
minently displayed during the past two weeks,
especially C. eburneum, C. Coningsbyanum.,
C. Gottianum, C. Alexanderi, C. Iris, and
the yellow hybrids, C. edinense and C. Inver-

leith. There is still a good display of
Paphiopedilums.
Three handsome Rhododendrons in the

house devoted to these plants deserve special
mention. One is a bush of RH. irroratum
with very beautiful flowers, white, tinged
with pink. There is also an imposing plant
between fifteen feet and twenty feet high of
R. arboreum, with trusses of red flowers.
The most striking plant, however, is a
magnificent specimen of R. argenteum, about
fifteen feet in height and carrying onc-
hundred-and-twenty trusses of flowers.

The roek house at Edinburgh contains not
a few noteworthy plants, and four are
particularly interesting just now. These inelude
two Sanifragas. viz, S. Irvingii, a very fine
hybrid with pink blossoms and grey foliage
and S. Boydii, which produces flowers of a
deep yellow colour. A champ of Iris un-
guicularis alba jis noteworthy, and opposite
it a plant of Gaultheria fragrantissima is
carrying a great number of purple fruits,
which render the plant most attractive. Robert

H. Jeffers.

NOTES FROM WISLEY.
THE pageant of spring flowers is now in
evidence at Wisley, where one may see

blue drifts of Scillas, Grape Hyacinths, and
Chionodoxas, for which the ornate foliage of

hardy Cyclamen makes a splendid back-
ground. Iris reticulata, Erythroniums, and
Tulipa Kaufmanniana, of which there is

a handsome variety named Brilliant, are also
conspicuous.

Primulas, such as Primula denticulata
P. Juliae, are commencing to bloom,

and
while

P. Winteri seems likely to continue in
flower for some time vet. In addition to
large numbers of coloured forms of the
common Primrose, which luxuriate in the

double Primroses are to be
These are not often seen in

rock garden,
found here.

] 25

APRIL 4,

the gardens of to-day, although they are t;
no means unattractive.

Of the Primulas in the alpine house. F
Juliana and a „similar but paler-flowvr:!
hybrid, x Crispii, continue to throw up «
prodigious number of blooms. Primus
frondosa and an improved form of PF
marginata are also flowering well.

Several of the Anemones are in flower «1
the rock garden, such as A. apennina, A
Hepatica alba, and ላ. Pulsatilla of wha
there i3 a pretty rosy-flowered variety, Mr-
van de Elst. In the moraine, Morisu
hypogaea and Saxifraga Boydii alba are i

flower. A peculiar rock plant in bloom neer
the top of the rock garden is Adon:
Nadorkakii, the foliage of which is ven

finely cut. This incision is not confined t
the leaves but extends to the perianth. I:
the case of well-grown and regular blocm-
this is quite a striking feature, but irregula:
blossoms appear to be suffering from tl+
attack of some predatory insect. Another
curious plant in flower near the bog gardu.
is Trachystemon orientale, which has blue.
Borage-like flowers. When these open. the
petals immediately roll back and an abun.
dance of white pollen is shed.

In spite of severe night frosts—22^ have
recently been registered at Wisley—plants of
Pieris japonica are flowering to perfection i:
the wild garden, where also a few Camelia
the

blooms are setting an example to

Rhododendrons. In the shrub borders u
strong scent similar to that of Hawthorn |
blossom attracts one to Nuttalia ceraaiformu-.
à white-flowered shrub which somewhat
resembles the flowering Currant. The mai:
and female flowers occur on different. plant-.

Corylopsis spicata is also in bloom but. unlike
the Nuttalia, has as yet no foliage accom.
panying the flowers, which are yellowish and
have a pleasant, if not strong, perfume.

A trial of modern varieties of Narcissi is
in progress bencath the old standard Apple
trees. Among the first to bloom in the
long trumpet section were Golden Herald.
Sulphur and Avice, while in the incom.
parabilis group a bicolor named Duncan has
been flowering for some time. J. (7. White

FOREIGN CORRESPONDENCE.

ROSE JOH. C. M. MENSING.

CONCERNING your recent reference to. Ross
iu the United States of America, I venture
to add, in reference to varieties especially
adapted for forcing, the new variety Joh. C.
M. Mensing.

When making a journey in
big Dutch Rose nurseries at Aalsmeer, |
visited, among others, Messrs. Evelenz and
Sons of that town. Mr. Evelenz had already
shown me at the exhibition at Amsterdam
a clear-pink sport from Ophelia named Joh
C. M. Mensing, which occupied a table
between Ophelia and Mme. Butterfly. and
had received the Gold and Silver Medal.
It was a wonderful sight--the — clear-pink
colour, the large flowers, held firmly on long
stems, attracting the attention of all growers

1924 to the

present.
This variety was then almost unknown
to me, 88 to most others, and Mr.

Evelenz invited me to see the Rose growing.
When visiting Aalsmeer 1 saw it both in
the open and under forcing conditions (in a
house containing over a thousand planta.
and obtained a very favourable impression
of its qualities. My anticipations as to the
prospects of the variety were more than
fulfilled, and I obtained from the raiser al
the available eyes.

In my opinion it is the finest Rose in the
Ophelia class which has yet appeared, as it
is large-flowered, upright, pure in colour, and
excellent for forcing. Hermann Kroger.

- — — 5j

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እ E be grown by those: ‘ ps y: Abe ‘mast reliable preparation. dor Appi. — $i SES
5 - who use Nitrate of የ | Seer ዶክ. ርል4ባ Büg and aik = —

“coope ms

ODORE ር T insects...

Worm Eradicator ?
eee Soda in conjunction wee 59. " | ibaa 15 te 100 parts Tibe

ቭ mot, dy. it; you will be 5! 4 De
1.9 = phosphates and potash. d WP y des "RE —
“IMMEDIATE. RESULTS _ P. ከ — i dt መ ም እግ x —

— ‘Write for’ ያ 5 re um ps
"QUALITY HIGH — E ከፈ Prove E oe ፡ ARSENATE r pr LEAD PASTE
Labour. . PRICE. Low. Money s Y: DÀ oying —
saver e s

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‘in ጠኔ ክን

| FUNGOID | DISEASES

! COOPER'S. FUNGICIDE — in. ient)
| Bordeaux miziare—~is the recogmeed remedy.
Simply mir Wih, gold waier. ..

sh ve S» sn a m
aa.

— alin: vail tonic: deed. W manyi
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* 9 * h d .

7:0 ሠ — irh by “ዘመ or

- ዝበ. COOPER & NEPHEWS, [4

BERKHAMSTED

ጹ። CARNATION ን 109001.

— ይሆ A RL Y.
PUNAN for best. results, this”
SERENE WEN
s ቃን ፆያ gitar. |
የ... nations for. ‘Garden ——
Sue aud Gre seHRoMSÉ = i
* m new (Galours in^
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ህጂ vaguest. - —
ው Special - Collectintie ^ - S
— Carriage 856. c —
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fordy Perpetual Border. Carnations
D ኮ፡ኻ፤5) — varieties | pees —* E A —
ALLWOODE Bait በመ Half Pi ik) s
6 planta, durer, — — 7 ——

— Sor me TA “ —

— —

| 86:58 PRODUCTS. unm Eo
E Alfred. 8. ae rd A

Po "

- ። m “THE PADO, PROCESS |

— NUES — I "yttre: ‘Kingdom. gt Abril)
— glans ነ; “11. dura du db :
5 YN TH ET. IC

"nau MANURE

to ADEA ds your Wardens "egt. lnduranee tpoliés. 5. f
dua maiis (81 fertility nt ae Law premian "”" ‘Dy ga riae -
— ing: ü RIDEN TE org aui ‘fertilis.

a os E g- ON SEUN gs Aa rete Aceiinmdates treat tt wit .

^an RO gar Pr “ADCO Accelerator.
i zak f. 4 DUE dal tansi of oft greer mete finde Micha awi

Plant በጃ 12: Bave. a. season, = o f a xt when በርክበ

po -(:1)1130ሀ3,
— ‹..:....-:[ሽ i vee, vegetabie sip then hevhueeuuá wat thes, penas

UNE LR RES — is Afra and straw pecking. Fors ቭ# bike af ፲ Heap,
- ASPARAGUS. ORE ues ‘Wandard MODE, o AUS ay; =
..ጅ it your dealer dase net stock: ል06 rie dires io us,
.፡ graded —— EX z and * es antiming: ^i nama und በዝ8)51 Qood Btation. 2

a — ——— ADC malo Frases 43 — am mabur. ES T Bre pese "and uni P arnation dy iu Uu
Order now fords at w gny 4 — 8 P Aw ጋኒ) —8— ji Se
sp vh ከየ ይቆ s A, CONES. f ክዩ የህክ of nitbhbisiy Hreoi hod ተንፈስ ለፎ ‘a stocked: py leading Chemisty |

da

JN) f t ü MERT ሌፍ 1 ከዓ M fc

| evo itte oie $6 Sies ሽር. 107- and MB per bonie m

: Thomas. Rivers & Son Lu, SS 2 ARAL. Lie ሆከ. (ያ. Wb IC (ene TA Mr ense: col tition ts, 16. ይየ — from —

Ba f — | De ነ)
| The Nurserles | OR - mtus ARRAS an LAGE SIETAN REDRESS DET [ሠ

SAWERIDG WORTH, į ADCO,. Im. ነነ 6, Harpenden, Bers, A CACO"
Station: Harlow, ጄ 4, E. Ry! oe |

— — ——— — — — መፍ So — — — —
Y BL <--> m6 6 a

ኩ Novelties, die ር anene .- Lus | : 3

CARNATION. PERFUME,

ቸት DT IUD ሺ ENEE
ios dc 2 ኤች:
Ju - s
5 E
44 -
rs.

AUR Mui of Foliage, Flawering & Climbing Plants —

GARDENERS

Genuine = only from. DICKSON'S.

CHRONICLE.

à BPO
« V » i ና" ፲ኤ አ "አደ ሲነ -
a EE YA PEST etn
ት APIYE’ Ay, 4 Me eres
1 4 NM dam k PUN je f zè 4 !"
Fa T 7 ኣ *

IT Bo c of : —

Jw Century's: Research ፡
HAWLMARK, S.

BELFAST.

1111 ONONE m 7 Tm T "m GG በ7 m m በ በ T y i 11. B.

Although the. ከ158 — Mc. Xin a
the. Bie ae is teaily the: cheapest. ' TE: Oh ence
TERT wit (ህር. (possessed 1. — እይ ር”
other: make. ar QURE M san
Cion De Towa pod n M
— E: . -Eases the Gardenes:...
AS : [00 PME the ‘Employer

SII

TS 1. UE tw or: "ጨነ Tey

n BLE ats 41666 ( (ns ay teh 2s
RECTE. Amtes

«ዓያ 4. —6 ps
, 391 3

ን. ars

FREE -Bok fet- BET E

ረህ fantasies ut: Sesion E
ውን will ^ "በዮስ19/8:8781:: Spach ine,
a: FE qo Po SUPER LAWNMOWERS:
F LTD. Mey nell. Rond: Leicester. |

E E E pn ipti iy

5 A S deii di TAREE
"T. * ^a — i apu

DIRUTA

1
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Ao BLU

A Stout id: 2: duds. — —
5* Rei: — 3 AES 3 dem =
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afa ECL DN z

48806. 82: *u "e d *

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Ar tow esy Fui

- HORTICULTORAL | CENTRAL HEATING
“AME Suction Gas Pants. :

— — — — — — ያ 2 ጋ ያር * pe =

For. — Planting. x

| A | | mio. tmd |

ህክ. 16. offer - 1
STANDARD TREES |

ete a great variety, — ': M,
LIMES, PLANES, ን) "Bes, | Ee /
Db cg & DECIDUOUS SHRUBS, TE

Box, green and VATiegatéd. * —
x — Common; 8.68 ft.
poca ;. . Variegated sud greas o
E. Natieties: 2 fa 6 16... V
SA —— boreale, jo to £2 fr:
a pipes. Lawsonjaua, iz ፲9 nj fe
ER d apu Pars, 6d S as s
| Kadras atlantica: አ፤8:3. very. fue, Tato. t4 ít. —*
oS Xsmanthiu, - — gerens, .3.13503.፡፡.

Viburiums, BiG
ር jOLDEN EWS.

at. (de ai "el ad a -
e ` bun 2 661308
38. great. variety, . fü & he
| RHODODENDRONS, without - ፊክ
10. 82 sock is the. rade. (iE
— nanei- varieties, a 4o: 5 ded B Mei
RHODODENDRONS, : መ
co 16. beso Nared. Varieties >
Hardy Heaths. im 7632. vanag ad
.ሕ. „good. ‘stock: of generat nursery: SR
E የጨ upon ‘application. A
Enquiries: 884 1ጸ09[ደህፀካ invited;

— HILL NURSERY

STOVE & GREENHOUSE PLANTS | |

Aralias, Crotons, Caladiums, ፲3፡8ርመ985, èle, all AU orders “dear

| sie hed Same, ‘days.
25 vats xT — * ES

US dy tuo. apu eue piki ity iil yiia] Pu Hii Hio *

L. R. RUSSELL, LTD, |

| EXE TNA —
Richmond Parientes, ጠል nei

Also: 'eritis, Doundary: Meu

LOOK! mecum GARDEN NETS |

— | bs: for 2/8.
Ap sizes suppli.

| የጅ 4 * Ses Net. Work, RYE

"ዘ LE
LAWE SAMD

| Avoid Gold Medal Anglo-Ameriean xtian
| Weed Biller Tis io make 9. 608, 3 ad. for
80) gallons, ቹ/--7 postage! 94. me oe. fat

Lawn Sanakt ibi, V Bd i
paid oni MER — ator "Pie

FREE ON 1 ው ደር

^ >

| JOHN FORBES (Hawick) ED ን
| The King’s Naherymeu, HAWICK, SCOTLAND.»

AES TPS EET creer REES ሜይን
LOBELIA HUNTSMAN.
— jest “at the: Sadet Cartingl Flowers:

Now ae ht. time: ፲ህ plate,

1:6 — 18: per 665, 00. pere |
|ፐ. sum. Daisy Hiu | ሸበ; NEWRY |

Ar RI AY 19::

(መቐ —— ነተ ው

| NOTICES or BOOKS. f

—

T rs | “ዘ(09. doh Paved 83/41. adus “ዘነ ዛዛ |የቫሀ11.
(SK Dess * i a of ሀቨ), anh? Lens :| Au amet badly - | ipi .. 1ቪ፡(ሀ)1/1፡ opu
P & (ue —— ና Iy 51. 7 Chutley. : e odi, y ን ከ 0 Meses ክው. ፡ ሃ6ቪ85%፡1 by Ww `
* Fyn ett EH — ee atti nosiedgd ^ ፲፻. hr: idapo. Dje ; 68 (86% “and srt. du x — bc
Bara: ^u cef aay W yer ae ax Wath. A sti 3d hri taste UE
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— T Wem UE. e. tht. e yrke taide 5 gue "ue HE: y pua ders ente ;
mE ps. ak: dndisna - du e : ከ660 gi ፡ Sabran e nts: 58. AE i E — nto ade E Chet.
ቷ SOM D. Dun. EDS aportin EM pi cies ር ov cw" fae $ ከ1/ዞዮ=: 86

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cunt |

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M S Et. Are EL ds üe take notin: aiid aiiluntey ; Y
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; ያ caret ae ako )በ56(8ከ6፡41 planes . 14%: axceludes-
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ቨር ህዛ mE huit —— Oe hundred
"it dos RUTELE ' dise: itina Traticars: ARE
echoes “ብ — aa tay author's
Tarii ከክ -ዞዞ፣ቸሪ እ ረክ CHEATS de ሂከመጩ31ከ፡ :
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pun ይባ x anl. Visti ዘ. ጎሎፍክ ርክ
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240

THE GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE.

APRIL 4, 1925.

ORCHID NOTES AND GLEARINGS.

NEW HYBRID DENDROBIUMS.

FLOWERS of four very pretty new hybrid
Dendrobiums are sent ከሃ Frederick J.
Hanbury, Esq., Brockhurst, Fast Grinstead
(gr. Mr. Matthews).

Dendrobium Mary J. S. Hanbury (c kesini
tonense x Melpomene) has a fasciele of
three flowers, equal in size to those of D.
nobile, but of bright yellow «colour with
dark claret base to the lip.

Flowers of four others of the same cross
are sent, varying in the tint of yellow and

shade of the claret colour in the lip.
Dendrobium Matthewsianum (nobile elegans
x xanthocentrum) has white sepals and

petals with pale mauve tips. The lip is broad,
the disc being dark maroon colour and the
tip mauve.

Dendrobium Griselda A. Fox (nobile
nobilius x Florence E. King) is a flower of
the largest size and the best in its
section; it is white, flushed with mauve, the
‘darker tint on the outer parts. The base
of the lip is ruby-claret with a cream-
white band, the tip and margin coloured
like the petals.

Dendrobium Kennobile (Kenneth x nobile
delicata) has fiowers with narrower segments
than in D. nobile; they are white, with a
claret-purple disc to the lip, which is
elongated and flushed with rose in front. It
is a very interesting cross, as it indicates
the correctness of the record of D. Kenneth
raised by the late Norman C. Cookson,
between D. Bensoniae and D. MacCarthiae,
which was not very clearly shown in D.
Kenneth. In the present hybrid there are
distinct traces of D. MacCarthiae, especially
in the lip.

BRASSO-CATTLEYA WARNHAM BEAUTY

EXAMINATION of a flower of this superb
Brasso-Cattleya, which has bloomed in the
collection of C. J. Lucas, Esq., Warnham
Court, Horsham, again shows the advantages
of well-selected parents for hybridisation. It
was raised from Brasso-Cattleya Digbyano-
Mossie, the first and still one of the finest
of its class, crossed with Cattleya-Tityus
(Enid x Octave Doin) which in its com-
position includes all the best types of the
C. labiata section and produces in this hybrid
a novelty of perfect beauty.

All the segments of Brasso-Cattleya
Warnham Beauty are broad and especially the
petals and lip, the latter being widely expanded
and fringed. The sepals and petals are
coloured soft blush-rose, the lip glowing ruby-
purple with a clear yellow disc.

ONCIDIUM CHRYSODIPTERUM,
HOUSE VARIETY.

HEY

J. McCARTNEY, Esq., Hey House, Tonge Moor
Road, Bolton, sends a lateral spray of two
flowers of a specially good form of this
beautiful Oncidium, which was always one
of the rarest of the genus, and now generally
believed to be lost to gardens.

O. chrysodipterum is of the O. macranthum
section, but totally distinct. The flowers,
which are each three inches across, have
broadly ovate sepals on short, semi-terete
bases, and are coloured light chestnut-brown,
with narrow, yellow margins. The petals
slightly shorter, and coloured bright yellow,
with chestnut-brown markings on the inner
halves; the margins are undulated. The lip
is linear, yellow, stained with brown in
front of the fleshy, toothed crest, which has
two triangular, deflexed auricles and some
yellow teeth round the central plate. It is
supposed to be Andean, but little is known
about it« habitat, for the original or type
plant was obtained by Messrs. Jas. Veitch
and Sons at a London sale; this specimen
flowered in 1891, and was purchased later
by the Hon. F. L. Ames, Massachusetts,

U.S.A. The species seems to have been
imported since as an occasional plant among
others. The variety under notice was given
un Award of Merit at Manchester.

ee €

ANNUALS FOR CONSERVATORY AND
GREENHOUSE DECORATION.

SENECIO ELEGANS.

hardy annual is very useful for
growing in pots for conservatory and green-
house decoration ; the colours range from
crimson, purple, and rose, to white. The plants
usually grow about eighteen inches tall, but
there is a dwarf strain, the plants of which
only attain a height of nine inches.

Seeds may be sown about the middle of
September in cold frames, or during February

THis

or carly March. The seedlings may be
pricked off into boxes or placed singly in
small pots: in any case, the successful

cultivation of this plant presents no diffculty,
as it grows freely in any ordinary potting
soil.

The young plants should be potted on as
they require it until they are in six-inch
pots, in which sized receptacles they should
be flowered; they require the cool, airy
conditions usually accorded to this class of
plant.

SCABIOSA ATROPURPUREA.

ALTHOUGH really &a biennial, this plant
succeeds perfectly, and is usually treated as
an annual. Seeds may be sown either about
the middle of September for spring flowering,
or during February and. March for summer
blooming, and again during June for
furnishing a display during late summer and
autumn.

The seedlings should be pricked off singly
into small pots, and their subsequent
cultivation consists in potting them on as

they require it until they are in their
flowering pots. They grow some threc feet.
tall, and may be flowered in six-inch or

seven-inch pots. Well-grown specimens are
very effective for conservatory decoration as
well as for furnishing a supply of cut
flowers.

The flowers have a considerable range of
colours, including blue, white, rose, pink,
Cherry-red, and almost black-purple; there
is also a dwarf strain, but this type is not
so effective as the tall varieties.

The successful cultivation of Scabiosa
atropurpurea presents no difficulty; the
plants grow freely in any good potting
compost, and require the usual cool, airy
conditions advised for this class of plant.

SCHIZANTHUS.

THE elegant, light habit of Schizanthus and
its beautiful flowers render the plant very
popular with all cultivators. and well-grown
specimens are useful for conservatory decora-
tion and general decorative purposes.

At one time the only species of Schizanthus
cultivated were S. pinnatus and S. Grahamii,

the latter now known as S. retusus.

At the present time there are many
beautiful varieties to choose from, there
being a number of so-called giant or
grandiflora strains, while the Wisetonensis
type in many beautiful varieties is very
popular.

Seeds should be sown about the middle
of September in a cool greenhouse or cold

frame. The seedlings should be pricked off
singly into small pots, and until the
beginning of November may be grown in
cold frames ; after this period they are best

wintered in a cool, airy house, where they
should be placed near the roof glass. 9 They
are best wintered in forty-eight-sized pots,

and early in the New Year should be ready

for placing in six-inch or seven-inch pots.
The Wisetonensis varieties are of a free,

branching, compact habit, and no pinching

is necessary : on the contrary, the grandi-
florus varieties may, with advantage, i»
stopped once or twice, if large, well-furnished
specimens are desired. The Schizanthus grow

freely in any good potting compost, and,
provided the plants are grown in perfectly
cool conditions and watered carefully, their

successful cultivation presents no difficulty.
Beyond a neat, central support no staking
is usually required.

The wide range of beautiful and dainty
colours, from pure white, through varying
shades of yellow, apricot, pink, rose, carmine,

crimson, and purple, and in many varying
combinations, make them ideal decorative
subjects ; the flowers also last well in the
cut state.

Schizanthus retusus, of which there are

numbers of beautiful varieties, is deserving
of much more general cultivation, and it is
surprising this beautiful plant is not more
generally grown, for, apart from its general
decorative value, it is an ideal subject for
supplying cut flowers, the stiff stems and
thinly-spaced flowers being splendid for table
decoration.

The successful cultivation of this species is by
no means so easy as that of the other types : it
needs the same cool, airy treatment, and careful
watering. The plants are of a much sparser
branching habit than the other types, yet
they should not on this account be pinched
too much with the object of producing
bushy specimens, as the charm of the
species and its varieties is in its long shoots,
terminated with sprays of flowers. In any
case, if any stopping is done, it should only
be performed once when the young plants
are a few inches high. Good examples may
be grown in forty-eight rized pots; if large
specimens are required, three plants should’
be placed in a six-inch pot. In addition to
the typical orange- and rose-coloured flowers.
there are pure white forms with golden
blotches, also pink, rose, and mauve- -coloured
varieties ; the blooms have also been much
increased in size.

As in the case of the other types, seeds
of this Schizanthus may be sown about the
middle of September, and again during

February or March. J. Coutts. |

HARDY FRUIT GARDEN.

LOCAL PLUMS.

ARTICLES relating to local fruits are always
of interest. The old (Greengage cannot be
described as a local fruit, but I have never
seen such abundant crops as are produced
on trees growing in many cottage and farm
gardens of north Essex. Many of these trees
are bushes or half standards, raised from
suckers, and sometimes possibly from seeds.
The trees form shapely heads and do not
appear to make excessive growth. So far as
I am aware no pruning is carried out in
connection with these trees. The Greengage
growing under these conditions produces far
more satisfactory crops than trees growing on
walls and pruned in the usual manner. Many
of these latter trees seldom produce good crops
and the dying back of both spurs and branches
is of frequent occurrence.

The Bullace is another fruit which grows
in some of the large hedgerows of north Essex.
and is known locally as Shepherd’s Bullace.
How these latter trees became established
in the dense undergrowth of a mixed hedge
is difficult to understand. The soil in the
locality is a very heavy, yellow clay. These
fruits make an excellent preserve.

The wild Crab of the hedgerows varies con-
siderably in its habit and vigour of growth.
The fruit, however, docs not vary much in 8126,
except when the trees are growing in excep-
tionally good soil. Where Crabs are growing
under favourable conditions they not only form
highly ornamental subjects but the fruit is
very useful for making into preserves. Grow.
ing by the roadsides in East Norfolk. fine

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242

Carnation Baroness de
with your correspondent (page 198) that
Carnation Baroness de Brienen does well in
large pots. As the plant is an exceptionally
strong grower, it may be accommodated
by frequently shifting it into larger pots.
From cuttings rooted in December or

Brienen.—] agree

January very large specimens may be had
for flowering the following winter. I have
never found it necessary to grow Baroness
de Brienen two seasons to obtain large
4pecimens. 1. do not see eye to eye with
your correspondent when he states that the
young shoots should be thinned out 10
prevent overerowding. A better plan is to
slope the stakes outward, thereby keeping
the centre of the plant open and allowing

the young growths plenty of room to develop.
A young shoot removed is always a flower
lost, and all flowers are valuable, especially
in the winter months. No Carnation ] know
gives a greater percentage of flowers than
Baroness de Brienen. Being an exceptionally

strong grower the plants need plenty of
nourishment, and if this is given them, I
consider there is no need to thin out the

young growths. J. A. Kirkwood, The Gardens,
Sutton Court, Guildford.

Bees and Apple Blossom.— As a bee-keeper
I have been interested in the discussion as
to whether bees help to pollinate Apple
blossom. After years of observation |. have
no hesitation in stating they do help if the
weather is favourable. In recent years we

have had a succession of cold and wet
periods when the trees were in bloom, and
such weather prevents bees from collecting
pollen. They will not visit the trees when

the pollen is wet, and it is also useless as
a fertilizing agent in that condition, so |
fail to see why your correspondents should
blame the “busy bees" for the weather. In
certain districts there are counter attractions
at the time the Apple. trees are in flower-—
such as Corse; Clover or Charlock are not
in bloom at that time as Market Grower
states. On Saturday, February 28. my bees

were going into a Peach-house where the
trees were in full flower; I watched. them
for a considerable time but did not see a
single bee visit a Peach-flower. -the counter
attraction was a batch of Freesias in full
flower in the house. 1 also find that the
common Laurel has a great. attraction for
bees; they work on the undersides of the
leaves, but what they get. therefrom l do

Once only have 1 come across a
case Of — bees eating fruit and this was
an a garden near Windsor; several. swarms
were bought in early summer, and when the

not know.

Peaches were ripe the bees could be seen
on the ripe fruit in great clusters. When 1]
pointed this out to my employer he told

me to destroy the bees, but on looking into
the hive we found the little workers had
made a quantity of honey, so that saved
their lives. 1 remained at. Windsor five years
but never saw the bees touch fruit again.
The bees in question were Italian hybrids,
not the English black bee. Grigor Roy,
Halswell Park Gardens, Bridgewater.

Apple-Leaf Scorch.--Dr. H. E.
(p. 223) apparently draws his own con-
clusions from the Long Ashton. experiments,
and they are the exact opposite to those of

Durham

Mr. T. Wallace, who is responsible for the
work. I] believe it is generally considered
that one of the outstanding lessons of the

experiments is that lack of potash is one. of
the causes of leaf scorch. In the Report for
1922, p. 13. referring to. the trees. which
received no nutrient solution, we are informed:
* Leaf scorch was present. as early as May 2

and was very. severe throughout: the senson.”

The (1: whieh received the complete
nutrient solution also suffered badly from
leaf seared. This was — corrected ዘ) the

year by increasing the potash and
the nitrogen. in. the original nutrient
The Report for 1923, p. 57, states:
the amount of potash in the

following
decreasing
solution.
** Increasing

THE

GARDENERS

original nutrient solution was entirely effective
in preventing the development of leaf scorch
throughout the season." But again where
potash was omitted (p. 53), “early in the
season brown streaks appeared between the
veins, and from July onwards most of the
leaflets developed. brown marginal. leaf seorch
from an carly stage m their development."
Turning now to the article on * Leaf Scorch
on Fruit. Trees" in the Report for 1921, we

are told (p. 120): “There are three. factors
which stand out most. clearly. viz. potash
effect, the influence of grass, and rootstock
action. The correlation which has been noted

between the amount of potash supply, root
growth, and the degree of leaf scorch, points
very definitely towards the. liberal. application

of potash manures as a remedial measure,
unless it is known that the soil in question
has already ብከ abundant. supply of available
potash.“ Messrs. R. G. Hatton and N. H.

Grubb, of the East Malling Research Station,

writing on leaf scorch in The Journal of
Pomoloqy, January 1925. p. 74, remark:
“Tf one takes into account the nutritional

aspect of leaf scorch, and the potash factor
recently brought to light by Mr. Wallace, of
Long Ashton, the high percentage of potash
shown by most analyses of Apples is
extremely significant." — 1f, therefore, I am
wrong in my reading of the Long Ashton
results which 1 do not admit—I am in very
good company. Markel Grower.

PUBLIC PARKS AND GARDENS.

IN view of
Town Council
city parks,

the decision of Edinburgh
regarding expenditure on the
proposed by the Parks Com.
mittee, to the effect. that the estimates be
referred back with a view to reduction, the
sub-committee of the Parks Committee in
charge of the subject has agreed. to recom.
mend a reduction. of several items, estimated
to cost £4,785. The revised estimate is
£1,586. The question of a proposed new
bandstand in West Prince Street. gardens, to
cost £1,500 remains for further consideration.
The items. objected to were mainly the
erection of pavilions, &e. After receiving a
report. from the Superintendent of Parks. the
sub-committee has agreed. to. recommend to
the Council that a request. for the use of
the Meadows for the Edinburgh Agricultural
Associations show | on. June 13 be not
granted.

IN the course of a leeture delivered at
Paisley on Wednesday, the 18th. inst, Mr.
]. M. Fleming, Superintendent of Parks,
stated that nearly one tenth of the total
acreage of Paisley was devoted to publie
parks or amusement places, the total area of
the publie places. amounting to fully three
hundred. acres in a total municipal area of
3,500 acres. Mr. Fleming also directed atten-
tion to the Fountain Gardens, in which
there was a statue of Burns, supposed to
be the finest in Britain, if not the whole
world.

has re-
Health

gardens

CLAcTON Urban District) Council
ceived sanction from the Ministry. of
to borrow £4,000 for laying-out the
on the sea front.

THe Parks Committee has recommended
the Hull Corporation. to purchase seven acres
of land to othe north of East Park, at an
estimated cost of ኒሂ1|,.ዝክቨእኪ for the extension of
the park.

decided
cost of

Tur Town (Council of Oxford has
to. purchase Alexandra Courts, at a
42,800. for a recreation. ground

CHRONICLE.

APRIL 4. Ptr

SOCIETIES.

IPSWICH AND DISTRICT GARDENERS’.

THe annual visit of Mr. F. J. Chitteral .
V.M.H., Director of the R.H.8. gardens
Wisley, to. Ipswich to lecture to the Ipsv.
and District. Gardeners’ Assoeiation is alwa:-
looked forward to with great. pleasure |.
the members. On March 19, Mr. Chittere -
gave a lecture on * Experiments with Fre
Trees." The chair was taken by '!
President, Mr. W. Bradbury, supported i;
the Hon. Secretary, Mr. M. Ball.

Experiments now being carried
East Malling were dealt with.
reference beimnz made to the
uniform fruit stocks to meet. the
ments of fruit-growers in this

out .
Capit ፡
nec r>
requi -
COountr.

Great progress is being made in ‘hs
direction. The Wisley pruning experimen’.

commencing so far back as 1912! were deserit!
by the lecturer. During the course of the levtur
mention was made of the interesting %5
periments that have been carried out >!
the Duke of Bedford's fruit. farm w
Ridzmont. The question of pollen was Ust
dealt with, and Mr. Chittenden pointed si
that cross fertilisation has a great. inffuecn:
on the fruit erop, especially inm the case n
Apples and Pears.

A lengthy diseussion took. place. aftr
which Mr. Chittenden was heartily thankoi
for his most able and interesting lecture.

BRITISH CARNATION.

MarcH 26. Despite some gloomy forceas'-
and rocitations of the devastating work. of
a fell disease, there was a fair quantity ef
first-rate Carnations at the annual show et
the above society, and, with the aid (7
some miscellaneous exhibits left over fron
the R.H.N. fortnightly meeting, the hall 2:
Vincent Square was filled with flow

While the general quality of the blooms vas
quite good, the same cannot be sad oi
the competition, as in only a few [:፦----
were there more than two exhibitors, and it:
the respective seetions it was generally (1
same pair of competitors. We beleve thet
were several special prizes offered in 11.
Various sections or groups of bau
within an hour. or thereabouts of closine

Classes,

time apparently only one-—The /— Silver. iili
Medal for the best vase in classes. ten te
sixteen. -had been awarded.

MERIT.

Cameron. -1n many respects this new variety
may be deseriped as being a Mary Allwoutd
of larger size and deeper tone of colour. fer
it possesses the good, compact, fully-doubl.
shape of that excellent. Carnation, and 1-
somewhat akin to it in. colouring. The
raisers describe it as being a shade of Ras-
Dore. Tt appears 10 be very free-flowering.
and is of delightful fragrance. Nhown by
Messrs. ALLWoOD Bros.

AWARDS OF

Marchioness of — Salisbury. — For generat
usefulness this was the best novelty at the
show. The six excellent. plants which
accompanied the vase of cut flowers. showed
that, in addition to its great value. for cut-
flower purposes, the variety made splendid
pot plants. 11 is exceedingly free-flowering.

and, while of dwarf habit, the stout flower
stems are sufficiently long for any purpose.
The lovely shade of pale salinon-pink b
reminiscent of EÉnchantress. at its best, bu!
with more body and glow, and the blooms
are pleasanily perfumed, large and fully
double. Shown by the MARQUIS of Saristt ከነ
(zr. Me 11. 1[. Hall), Efattield.

Shot SIS (Fig. doo). Phas brilliant, fanns

Carnation has been admired by many visitors ic
the R.H.S. meetings during past months. Th:

large, fully-double flowers are evenly fringed
and orichiv perfumed. "The. elusive colour

Aprit 4, 1921.

THE

GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

243

may, perhaps, be described as bright Indian-
red, flaked and rayed with deep, salmon-red,

though from a little distance the colour
effect is that of rich, cardinal-crimson. Shown
by Messrs. ALLWoop Bros.

Master Michael Stoop.—This variety has

the largest flowers of the four novelties, but
they are not quite so fully double as the

others; there was a suggestion of “ guard
petals.” But as a showy, Cherry-red
Carnation for cut-flower purposes it ከ88
much to recommend it. The habit of the

plants is quite good, and the stout flower
stems are sufficiently long. It is said to
be an all-the-year-round variety. Shown by
Messrs. ALLWoop Bros.

OPEN CLASSEs.

The first prize for seven vases of Carnations
(twenty-five blooms of distinct varieties) was
won by Mr. C. ENGELMANN, chiefly for his
superior arrangement. Mr. W. H. PAGE,
who was second, also showed good blooms,
but his arrangement was very faulty. The
principal varieties were Canada, Mra. Hamilton
Fellowes, Laddie, Cupid, Donald Page, Mary
Allwood, and John Page.

Mr. C. ENGELMANN was also first with
three vases cach of British and of American

novelties, and with a vase of not fewer than
one hundred blooms of one variety. His
British varieties were Gorleth, Topsy, and
Tarzan, while Donald was the best of the
American sorts. Nigger was his variety in
the one hundred blooms class, and here Mr.
W. H. Pace was a good second with
Edward Page. Showing Cupid, John Page,
and Topsy of good quality, Mr. W. H. PAGE
was first with fifty blooms in three or more
varieties.

With splendid blooms of Tess, Mr. GEORGE
West won the first prize in the large class
for twenty-five blooms of a British.raised
Carnation. The Monro Silver Cup, offered
for the best twenty-five blooms of a crimson
variety was won by Mr. W. H. Pace with
Topsy, and he was also first in the inter-
esting class for two boxes of thirty-six
blooms, in two varieties, packet for market.
Mr. C. ENGELMANN, who was second, was
first with three vases of twenty-five blooms
each, showing White Pearl, Improved Ward,
and Laddie.

White Enchantress
Master Michael Stoop
and Laddie the best salmon-pink variety.
These were shown by Messrs. ALLWOOD
Bros. Spectrum, shown by Mr. C. ENGEL-
MANN, was the best red. Mr. H. T. Mason
was first in the class for twelve blooms of
ዜ crimson variety selected from list E., and

was the best white;
the best deep pink ;

with Maine Sunshine Mr. C. ENGELMANN
was first with varieties from lists F.. G.,
and H., and with Chintz Messrs. ALLWOoD

Bros. were similarly successful in the next
class. The Silver-gilt Medal for the best
vase in Classes 10 to 16 was awarded to
Spectrum, shown by Mr. C. ENGELMANN.
The first prize, offered by Mr. W. H.
Pace for a vase of twenty-five blooms of
Carnations of Apricot and yellow shades
was won by Mr. C. ENGELMANN with a
tasteful arrangement of good flowers.

AMATEURS’ CLASSES.

Although there was only one semi-circular
group of Carnation plants in flower, this was
of such good quality that any other competitor
would have found difliculty in winning the
first prize, which was awarded to Sir
CHARLES NaLL-CarN, Bart, (gr. Mr. T.
Pateman), Brockst Hall, Hatfield. The
principal varieties were Lady Northcliffe,
Mikado, Triumph, and Topsy.

The best decorative arrangement on a table
space was also a first-class exhibit, and Sir
RaNDOLF Baker, Bart. (፪፻. Mr. A. E. Usher),

Ranston, Blandford, was deservedly awarded
the first prize. His varieties included lovely
blooms of Marian Willson, Tarzan, Mrs. H.

Fellowes, Topsy, and Circe. Major H. W.
LvxcH (gr. Mr. A. Swann), Haywards Heath,
was second.

Sir RANDoLF BAKER also had the best
dinner table decoration, thc association of pink
Carnations with green sprays of Asparagus

lumosus vars. was especially successful.
Mrs. A. Swann, Colwood Lodge, Haywards
Heath, who used Wivelsfield Apricot very

effectively, was a good second, and Mrs. A.
RoBiNsoN, Maidenhead, was third. The best
decorative bowl of Carnations was also shown
by Sir RaNpoLr Baker.

In the Senior Amateur section Sir RANDOLF
BAKER won nearly all the first prizes with
excellent blooms. Lapy Mowp, D.B.E. (gr.
Mr. F. Clipstone), Melchet Court, Romsey,
was first with an excellent exhibit of British-
raised seedlings, and Sir CHARLES NALL-CAIN,

Bart, was first with a vase of crimson
Carnations.

In section C, the principal first-prize
winners were Mr. WALTER Hyper, Sunbury,
and Mr. ERNEST WALKER, Radcliffe-on-Trent,
both of whom showed _ highly-creditable
blooms.

READING AND DISTRICT GARDENERS’.

THERE was a good attendance of members,
presided over by Mr. A. W. Gower, at the
fortnightly meeting held in the Abbey Hall
on Monday, March 23, to hear a leeture on
one of the most interesting and fascinating
subjecta. in horticulture, namely, * Flowering

Trees and Shrubs,” by Mr. W. A. Cook,
Roseville, Shinfield, formerly head gardener
at Leonardslea, Horsham. Tn his opening
remarks he said there was hardly anything
in the garden which gave a more charming

and beautiful effect than a በከር collection of

flowering shrubs. Then followed cultural
details of the various kinds, great stresa being
laid on position, soil preparation, shade,

manures, propagation, and especially watcring,
the lecturer observing that more shrubs were
killed by drought than by frost. In con-
clusion, he gave a list of the most suitable
shrubs for various purposes, interspersed with
interesting remarks on their chief features.

In the discussion which followed Messrs.
Gower, Evans, Townsend, Reed, Cook, Howlett,
Carter, and Smart took part. The lecturer
showed many kinds and varicties of shrubs
in flower, such as Rhododendrons, Ericas,
Olearia, Azalea, Prostanthcra, Osmanthus,
Coronilla, Cytisus, Ceanothus, etc.

In the competition for three vases of flowers,
three distinct kinds, the first prize was
gained by Mr. F. Townsenp, The Gardens,
Hillside, Reading (Cineraria, Narcissi, and
Primula malacoides), and the second by Mr.
A. H. Furkken, The Gardens, Elmhurst,
Reading (Cineraria, Narcissi, and Hyacinths).
In the non-competitive section & First-Class
Certificate was awarded to Mr. H. WADE,
The Gardens, Abbotsfield, Goring Heath, for
three very fine Amaryllis, and an Award of
Merit to Mr. C. J. HowrErr, The Mews,
Earley, for several varieties of Apples, all in
excellent condition, especially Cox’s Pomona,
which is really an October variety.

KILMARNOCK SPRING BULB SHOW.

THE first of the spring flower shows in
Scotland was held in Kilmarnock on Saturday,
the 28th ult., under the auspices of the
Horticultural Section of the Elmficld and
Kennedy Welfare Association. There were
thirty-two classes for Hyacinths, Daffodils,
and Tulips, and competition was keen,
especially in the section for long trumpet
Daffodils, which attracted. sixteen. competitors
in one class, and as an indication. of the
progress made since the exhibition was in-
augurated three years ago. it may be stated
that the total entries numbered 407 against
201 last year. The blooms generally were of
a high standard of excellence and reflected
great cledit on the amateur growers both in
the open and confined classes. The judges
were Mr. J. Montgomery Crawford, Dattodil
specialist, Barassie, and M. Alex. Smith, West
Kallink.

In the open section Mr. J. COCHRANE was
awarded the first prize for red and blue
Hyacinths with Rio des Belges and King of
the Blues, and he repeated his success with
Yellow Hammer in the yellow or primrose
class. Mr. J. Boyp had also a triple victory in
the Hyacinth section, and was represented
by Corregio, white; Grand Maitre, blue, and
La Innocence.

The principal prize winners in the Daffodil
classes were Messrs. J. Craic, H. SMITH, J
Dopps, J. Bovp, W. ORR, and 3. CocHRANE,
with outstanding blooms of Van Waveren’s
Giant, Madame de Graaf, Weardale Perfection,
Sir Watkin, Lucifer, Albatross, White Lady,
Glory of Lisse, King Alfred, and Will Scarlet.
but some of the finest of the large trumpet
sorts were disqualified owing to the pots
exceeding the specified size. The dwarf
flowering bulb class was composed entirely of
Muscari Heavenly Blue, and here Mr. J.
Bovp excelled, while Mr. W. ORR was placed
first for Alpines with Saxifraga Clibranii.

Mr. C. Barclay was the most successful
competitor in the confined section, and

having the highest number of points in the
Daffodil classes, he secured the Crawford
Challenge Cup, and the cup for Hyacinths
was also won by the same exhibitor. His
outstanding varieties were Madame de Graaf,

Lucifer, Glitters, White Lady, Glory of
Lisse, King Alfred and Sir Watkin. Other
prominent winners were: Messrs. A. ORR,

J. GILMOUR and J. Dopps.

Special prizes were won by Mr. A. ORR
for Hyacinth Gertrude, by Mr. C. ROXBURGH
for Tulip Prince of Austria, and by Mr. A.
Orr for Daffodil White Lady. In the open
classes, Mr. J. Boyp excelled with Hyacinth
Grand Maitre, Mr. C. RoxBvmaH with Murillo
Tulips, and Mr. W. Orr with Daffodil Van
Waveren's Giant.

Trade exhibits were an interesting feature
of the show. Messrs. AUSTIN AND MCASLAN,
Glasgow, were represented by a choice
colleetion of rock plants, comprising Primulas
in variety, Saxifrages, Veronicas, Aubrietias,
and Morisia hypogae, all of which were
shown to advantage against the background
of Prunus and hardy Ferns. A pretty table
of Daffodils was provided by Mr. J. MoNwr.
GOMERY, CRAWFORD, Highfield, Barassie. Of
the thirty-six vases, the following varieties
attracted attention :—Red Beacon, Goldfinder,
Mimi, Lucifer, Sunrise, Leander, ኒኛ. P.
Milner, King Alfred, and Fair Maiden. An
attractive colour display was made by the
SCOTTISH WHOLESALE CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETY,
West Kildare, who staged a numerous
collection of flowering plants, consisting of
Ericas, Cyclamens, Azaleas, Genistas, Tree
Paeonies, Hydrangeas, Rhododendrons, and
Hyacinths.

Obituary.

Mr. Alexander Burns.—A prominent figure
in florists’ circles in Aberdeen has been
removed by the death, which took place at.
his residence, Victoria Road, Aberdeen, on
Tuesday, March 24, of Mr. Alexander Burns.
A native of Glasgow, Mr. Burns, as a child,

was taken to India by his parents, his
father being in the service of the East
India Company. The family, during the
memorable crisis in Indian history, the
Mutiny, were in the vicinity of Lucknow

during the siege. On returning from India
to this country about 1860, the ` family
settled in Aberdeen, where the father com-
menced business as a florist and fruitercr,
and in course of time the son became his
chief assistant and, ultimately, head of the
firm. Mr. Burns was the oldest floris!
and fruiterer in the city, and was for long
regarded as the **Father" of the trade.
He was for many years a director of the
Roval Horticultural Society of Aberdeen, the
Aberdeen Chrysanthemum Society, and the
North of Scotland Horticultural Association
before it was absorbed by the first-named

244

society, ዘ all of which he took a very
warm and intelligent interest. as councillor
and exhibitor. Time and time again his
name may be found in past issues of The
(Gardeners) Chronicle as the vietor in many a
severe contest at the annual shows of these
societies. In the formation of floral designs,

baskets of flowers, bouquets. sprays and

button-holes he had few compcers in his
day. He brought to bear upon his floral
work the fine qualities of lightness and

exquisite taste. He strongly believed in the

principle of allowing every individual bloom
to stand well out, thus showing to the

spectator its every quality of beauty, colcur,
and formation. Well over the allotted span of
life, Mr. Burns, as he advanced in years,

ceased to take the same active interest in
the affairs of his favourite societies, feeling
that the time had come when he should

give the younger men a chance. His advice,

however, on all matters pertaining to the
profession was always willingly given to
those who sought his aid. He is survived

by his widow and a grown-up family, one
of the sons carrying on the business.

TRADE NOTES.
Messrs. BARR. AND Sons inform us that the

new strain of Lachenalias exhibited by them
at the Royal Horticultural Society's show on

February 24 under the name of Excelsior
Hybrids, and which was given an Award
of Merit, will henceforth be known as

Whitewell Hybrids. They were originally raised
by the Rev. Joseph Jacob, but had been grown
for several years in Guernsey by Mr. W. Mauger.

THe Canadian Destructive Insect and Pest
Acts Advisory Board states that it has been
brought to the notice of the Board by

both the Customs and Post Office Depart-
ments that shippers of nursery stock from
countries other than the United States are
not complying with the regulations dealing

with the forwarding of parcel post shipments.

Section X of Regulation 1l (Foreign) dis-
tinetly states that all such shipments must
have an official. label, furnished by this
Board, attached to the package. No other
label should appear thereon, but the shipper is
advised to place a label inside the package giving
the name and address of the ultimate consignee.

Packages with two labels are frequently
forwarded direct. to their destination, and then
have to be returned to either Montreal or
Vancouver for inspection, in which case the

importer is required to pay the cost of
postage both ways.
Importers are advised to notify their

shippers in accordance with the above.

NEW HORTICULTURAL INVENTIONS.

LATEST PATENT APPLICATIONS..
5655. — Cowburn, F. €. -Lawn mowers.
5645. -Dimmock, L.—Seed box for
plants. March 2.
9399.---Biekerton, N.
sorting machines.
5601..—Conder, J. S.
February 28.
5103. - Cowturn, T. Ground-piercing — device
for aerating lawns, ete. February 24.
3434. --Crombie, W. .ላ. B. Appliance for

sowing seeds, February 27.

March 2
growing
—Potato digging and
February 27.

-Garden frames, ete.

SPECIFICATIONS PUBLISHED Last MONTH.
219,645. - Deutsche Werke Akt-Ges. — Sowing
appliance for depositing seeds singly.
214.259. Deutsche Werke. Akt-Ges. - Sowing
appliance. for depositing seeds singly.

This list is specially compiled for The
Gardeners Chronicle, by Messrs. Rayner and Co.,

Reed. Patent Agents, of 5. Chancery Dane,
London, from whom all information relating

to Patents, Frade Marks, and Designs, can

be obtained gratuitously.

THK

GARDENERS
ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

Liy or THE VALLEY IN Bomray: R. F. አ.
We do not expect you. will. be successful
with Lily of the Valley in Bombay as the
temperature will range too high for it unless
vou happen to have a particularly. elevated

situation where the climate is temperate.
Unless Lily of the Valley has a long
season of rest it is not likely to flower
successfully. We very much doubt whether
any method of artificial resting would
produce good results in producing flowers

of Lily of the Valley in your climate

NAMES OF PraNTs: F. KE. |. Sphagnum
evmbifolium ; 2. Dicranum scoparium var.
paludosum; 3, Sphagnum cymbifolium: 4,
Scapania undulata (Hepatic): 5, Dicranum
scoparium : 6, Hypnum Schreberi: 7, Plagio-
thecium undulata: 8, Hylocomium loreum ;
9, Thuidium tamariscinum; 10, Pella epi-

phylla (Hepatic): 11 and 12, Sphagnum
cymbifolium: 13, Polytrichum formosum :

14, Ptervgophyllum lucens; 15, Hylocomium
triquetrum; 16, Dieranum seoparium var.

paludosum; 17, Mnium punctatum; 18.
Hyocomium flagellare.

Perac TREE — 8 cas LEAF:
EACH REE ATTACKED By SILVER LEAF:
S. HR. ብ. The Peach shoots sent for
examination are, as you suspect. suffering
from an attack of Silver leaf disease which

is due to the presence of a fungus known
as Stereum purpureum. — Diseased branches
should be eut back to a point. where the
wood shows no trace of the dark colouring
which occurs in the diseased portion.
Bum all the affected parts and cover. the
wounds with tar or styptic to prevent
further infection. — 1f, however, the leaves
of all the branches are attacked, the tree
should be removed and burnt, great care
being taken to remove every portion of
root from the soil.

DaAMackED: R. W.

PELARGONICM Leaves

We could. find no trave of parasitic fungi
on the Pelargonium leaves you sent us.
There are, however, numerous | punctures
on some of the leaves which suggest that
some insect or small beetle may be the
cause of the trouble. A slightly scorched
appearance along the edges of the leaves
suggests that heavy fumigation, or fumi-
gation while the foliage was wet, 14

responsible for some of the trouble.

PRUNING NEWLY-PLANTED EÉvoNYMus: J. F. D.
It will certainly be desirable to. shorten
the branches at once to compensate in
some degree for the loss of roots. The
best time to do such work is before com-
mencing to move the plants as it reduces
the difficultes of transplantation. We should
feel inclined reduce the shoots to five fert
and allow the bushes to make new growth

up to the height required. At six feet
vou will only be reducing some of the
branches one foot. as you state they are

seven feet to eight feet high.

GLOIRE DE DOR-
winter-

PROPAGATION OF BEGONIA
RAINE: H. M. P. This popular

flowering Begonia is easily propaguted,
either by means of leaf or ordinary

cuttings. Although some cultivators contend
that leaf cuttings give the Dest results,
after many years. experience we cannot sav
that there is any advantage in leaf cuttings
over ordinary cuttings. [1 ordinary cuttings
are used, dt is very important that the
right type of shoots are used: they should
always be solected. from the voung growths
that are thrown up from the base of the
plant. To obtain the right kind of cuttings
the stock plants should be partly. cut down
early m the New Year and placed m a
moist house with a temperature of 60 to
63 > young shoots will soon develop from
the base of the plants and when they are about
three inches in dJength they should be
secured as cuttings, dibbling them into

CHRONICLE.

1925

APRIL 4.

pots of light, sandy soil. Plave them in a
close propagating case, with bottom hear,

and they will root readily; cuttings taken
from the stems of the old plants, although

they root readily, generally persist in
producing flowers. and do not readily
make fresh growth from the base. If
desired, healthy, full-grown leaves may be
used for propagating purposes: — buds
will develop from the base of the leaf.
Insert the leaves im a bed of fibre, or
fibre and sand mixed, in a warm, moist
house, with bottom heat at command.
They will root readily in an open bed, in

fact, If put in በ close. case the leaves often
damp off. By this method it naturally
takes longer to produce a plant. therefore.
if good cuttings can be procured they offer
the quickest means of raising stock. If
stock plants are limited. leaves provide an
additional means of raising a large number
of plants.

SHRUBS FOR ELEVATED GARDEN: F. E. In
the elevated garden of the distmet vou
name, the influence of wind is more to be
feared than ac'ual frost, so that small-
leaved shrubs would withstand its effects
better than large - leaved ones. The
period of young growth is more critical
than when the leaves are mature. Ever-
greens we would recommend are Berberis
Darwini B. stenophylla, Daphne. pontica

(vollow-green, very fragrant flowers), Olearia
Haastii, Cotoneaster microphylla, and Ies
Aquifoltum Silver Queen. Deciducus shrubs
of great hardiness are Ribes sanguineum,
Spiraea japonica Anthony Wateren Coton-
easter Nimonsii (berries), Potentilla fruticosa.,

Forsythia — suspensa, and Cytisus albus
(Portugal Broom).

Sor FOR Ericackous PLANTS: ‹“. L W.
We do not undertake the analysis of soil
for our readers. Tbe sample you sent
contains a considerable amount of sand.

and appears tò be a very favourable
medium for the growing of sueh plants a>
vou mention, provided a liberal quantity
of peat or well-rotted leaf-mould is mixed
with it. You could make stations for
the plants and place the prat or leaf-

mould in the holes so. that the roots are

growing in these materials. A good idea
as to whether Heaths. ete. are likely to
succeed in vour district. may be obtained

behaviour of Ericas or
the neighbourhood.

by observing the
Rhododendrons in

MAIDENHAIR TERNS:
J. H. M. The beetles sent are those ot
the Vine Weevil, Ouorhyachus sulcatus.

They are well-known pests in. vineries and

WEEVILS ATTACKING

attack. other plants as well, causing great
groat damage to the roots. The beetles
may be killed Ly spraying with lead
arsenate or by hand picking at night.
The hest remedy for the eradication of
the grubs at the roots of pot plants 1
injections of carbon disulphide. Make two
or three holes with a piece of stf wire
and pour a teaspoonful of carbon bisul-
phide in cach hole. This chemical is very
inflammable.

WiISTARIA MULTIUUGA: A. BR. Wistarias. are
of easy cultivation, thriving inm most soils
which are well drained and have been
deeply duz and manured. In. a young
stato Wistarias are relatively slow im

growth. but after the first few years, when

well established, they make rapid growth.
To give them a good start prepare a
station of fibrous. loam, mixing m some
old mortar rubble or coarse grit to keep
it porous. 0X sunny position is essential.
Select the hes! long., slender growths to

removing the
shoots not

clothe the desired,

space

thin ends. Shortem all new
required to within ክክ inch. or two. of the
older woed.

Communications Received. — kK. H. M.—M. M.—J. P.
-ዝ- E W.Y.-F.W.K.— A.N. Toronto. -- ላ. P.—

W.S8.—N. Y. Z. -UC, 8, C, —H. ኳ.---|, F.--J, €.

1925.

MARKETS.

COVENT GARDEN, Tuesday, March 3l, 1925.

APRIL 4,

Plants in Pots, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.

(All 48's except where otherwise stated).

Adiantum s. d. s. d. x. d. s. d.
cuneatum Cyrtomium . 10 6-12 0
por dos. s 10 — 0 | Kriea melanthera,

—tlegans ው ና Ie 0-12 0, 48's per doz. ... 21 (23000

Aralia Sieboldii... 9 0-100 | gy per doz. 8 0-100 —

Araucarias, per i i ]
doz. . 30 042 0 Hyacinths. in

boxes—

Asparagus plu- . i

mosus 12 0-14 0 | —white, pink and
"2 Me NA blue. per doz.
—Sprengeri . 12 0-18 0 | spikes 30-40

Aspidistra, green 36 0-60 0
Asplenium, — per i

doz. "p ... 13 (0-18 በ
—132's ... 24 0-30 በ
—nidus , 12 0-13 0

Marguerites. white, |
48's per doz. ... 1ጾ 0-39 0

. Nephrolepis, in |

i variety ..., ... 12 0-18 0

Azaleas, per doz. 13 0-36 0 | —32'4 ... 24 0-36 0
Cacti, per tray, | Palms, Kentia ... 30 (FH 48 0
" | —600's . 15 0-18 0

-1:225, 15's
Cinerarias,
Crotons, per doz.

. 20-70 .
doz. 13 0-24 0 `
30 O45 0

Pteris, in variety 10 0-15 0

—large 60's 50-60

M —amall 40-30
Cyclamen-— E
32's .. 36 (48 0 -72. per tray

—ÀNs . 24 0-40 0 of 13's 20-36

REMARKS.—Flowering plants are the most attractive line.
The newest arrivals. are በ few Rambler Roses and
Mignonette. and in addition to these. are some fine
Cinerarias, Cyelamens, Daffodils, various Genistas in fairly
large quantities. Hyacinths, Maraueriters, Primula ob-
conica, White Npiraeas, and a few Rhododendrons. All
Ferms and Palms in various. sizes are. now in. greater
demand.

Cut Flowers, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.
s.d.s.d. i s. d. s. d.

|. Richardias (Aruma)
per doz. 9 0-10 0

Adiantum deco-
rum. doz. bun. 15 (24 በ
—cuneatum, per

doz. bun. .4.፡ 12 በ-13 0 Roses, per doz.
Asparagus, plu- blooms, Rich-

mosus, per bun. ERE, mond... ss £0270

long trails, 6's 2 ü- D n : — Liberty e . ሕን ቦ-ክብ

med. sprays 16-26 | —Madame Butter-

short 95 1) ቢ-- ] 3 | tly a o 9 0-12 0
—Sprengeri, per bun, | —Mme. Abel

long sprays 1 6-20 Chatenay .። 41060

med. ,, 10-16 —Melothy — —

short. .. .. 04-10 —Niphetos e. 04 04 6
Azalea, white. per -—Ophelia ... EE — M

doz. bun. 90100 Sunburst («0-20
Bouvardia, white, | aa hee a rench. ሜን

per doz. bun... 12 0-15 0 | I አለክ አን -
Camellias. White. Smilax, per doz.

per box 3 6-40 trails :: 25.0)-.:ዌ 1)
Carnations, — per Sweet Peas; per

doz, blooms 3 ጋ በ doz. bun. .. 13 0-18 9

Croton leaves, Tulips, per bunch—
var, doz. leaves 0 t 2 6 —Bartayon 016-30
Datfodils— —Clara Butt ... 20-30
—Emperor, per —Couronne d'Or 20-2 6
doz. bun. .10 0-120 © —La Reine .. 11620
—Golden — spur, | —Princeof Austria 1 9- 2 0
per doz. bun... 3 ቡ-3 0 —Wm. Copland... 20-26
—Kking Alfred, —Farneombe
per doz. bun... 10 0-12 0 Sanders... 20-30
—obvallaris, per —White Swan 20-26
doz. bun. 30-50 Violets, per doz.
—Sir Watkin, per bun. e. 20-40
doz. hun. 50-6060 !
Fern, French. per | French Flowers—
doz. bun. Usa Anemone, dble.
Freesia, white, pink, per doz... 3 6 50

per doz. bun, 2 0-3 0
Galax, American,
green and bronze,

— De Caen, mixed,
por doz.

. 00- 76
—aingle blue; per

per doz. bun... — 30 loz. . 36-40
Iris tingitana, per Freesia, long. per

doz. spikes . 5006060 pad os f 12 በ-14 0
Lilac, Dutch, per Marguerite, yellow, |

spikes .. AO 80 | - per pad ... ጻ 60-00
Lilium speciosum Marigolds, per pad 7 0-10 0

rubrum, long, | Narceixsus—

per doz. blooms 4 0- 3 0 Grand Primo.
—short ,. ., 350-410 per doz. bun. . . 40-50
Lilium longitlorun Rununeulus, dble,

long, per doz... » (- 80 starlet, doz.
Lilv-of-the- Valley. bun. 8 0-10 0

armine. per
doz. bun. :
Star (Allium),
per pad, 48...

perdoz. bun. ... 24 0-36 0
Narcissus—
—Scilly White, per

doz. bun.

ጻ 0-12 0

30250 16 0-158 0

—ornat Us, per Stock, double
doz. bun. ጋ 0-10 0 white, per pad
Orchids, per doz. 24 bunches ... 8 0-10 0
—Cattlevas S23 0300 —double coloured 8 0-10 0
— Cy pripediumns... 50-70 Violets, Parma, 1
Primroses, per per bun. e. 050-3 6
doz. bun. i 16420 single, per pad 6 0 80
Prunus triloba Wallflowers, per —
(Duteh).per bin. | 0706 pad 50-80

REWARKS.— The supplies from home growers have beet
slightly cheeked during the past week, but owing to the
moderate demand prices have remained. Tairly normal.
Up to this morning, there has been it very quiet country
trade, but conditions should improve ducing the next few

THE GARDENERS

days, when laige quantities of cut blovins will bo required
for the great. festival in Wales on Palin. Sunday. In
consequence, many subjects may advance in price before
Saturday next. Roses are one of the most improved
items, and their prices are on the down grade: a much
better selection of Varieties is offered. Spanish [rises are
also improved in quality and quantity. Special Daffodils,
such as Emperor, King Alfred. and Victoria remain firm
in price: small consignments of outdoor blooms are now
arriving from home growers and the Channel [sands
Tulips are somewhat fewer in variety: Darwin sorts are
receiving the most. attention at othe present. time.
Narcissus ornatus is arriving in good condition. although
supplies have been reduced, but better. supplies are
anticipated for neat week. There is also a limited. supply
of cut. white Azalea. White Camellias should. find a
ready sale during the next few days. Amongst foliage,
supplies oof Asparagus plumosus, ላ. Sprenweri, and
Maidenhair Fern have been below present requirements.
Smilax is arriving in a soft condition generally.

Fruit : Average Wholesale Prices.

Apples— s. d. s. d. &, d. s. d.

—Albermarle ... 45 0-55 0 | Grape Fruit.

—Oregon New- l Cuban ... 18 0-23 0
town . 14 0-17 6 —Jamaica . 13 0-20 (

—Draimnley's Seed- — Flerida... ... 20 0-27 6
ling 12 0-18 0 Lemons, Messina.

— Aust ralasian— per box... . 8N 0-I2 0

—Jonathan ... 1ጾ 0-200 —Mureia ... ... 10 6-14 0

—CoX's Orange — Naples ... 16 0-20 0
Pippin... .. 4) 33 ብ Oranges. Jaffa ... 16 60-17 0

—Reinette du —Spanish
Canada... ,. 13 0-16 | --::ዘዘ)]= s, 16 0-35 0

—Five Crown . ብክ]: .. 14 0-22 0
Pippin... ... 18 0-20 0 —MMs .., ... 14 0222 6

Bananas. singles 16 0-25 በ —Messina Blood -- 160

| የለ ችክ Pears. south

—doubles ... ... 007 0-27 6 Airie

Grapes— — Beurre Bose.. 4 0-60

— Belgi: . ; — Beurre Diel .. 40 5 0
ver ML 26-40 — —Beurré Hardy 4 0-6 0
. A : —Loui«e Bonne of

(rrapfs, South Jersey . 4060
African— Pines ... .. 346-20

—White Hanepoot 2 0- ። 0 South African

10 0-15 0
. l0. 0-12 0

— Red Hanepoot 50-80

— Barbarossa

Plums. Kelsey
Strawberries, per

—Rosaki .. ህ 0-12 8 Ib. 19 0-20 0
Vegetables: Average Wholesale Prices.
| =. (1. =. d. | s. d. s. d.
Beans. Guernsey. | Mushrooms. cups 30- 40
per lb. . 20-286 —broilers ... 3 0-36
— Worthing 1 ሠ- 26 Onions. Valencia.
— Madeira. per per Cuse ሽ 15 6-17 0

box CHE Wu Ju | = English. per ewt.12 (0-14 0
Beets, per ewt.. 2 0- 60 | parinins perewt, 4 0-5 0
Cabbage, pertally 10 6-12 6 | Peas. French, per

Canary Island cane 10 0-12 0
Tomatos ... 18 0-20 0 Peas, Guernsey,
Cauliflower, per : arai peri: ^ b ocio
102. .... 30-920 (0 potatos. Canary
Forced) Mint. per Island. per case S 0-12 0
doz. — ... A 0-00 | —Spring erop ... 16 0-15 0
Celery, best washed. Potatos, per ton--
per bundle ... 16-20 — punbar 210 0-240 0

Chicory, perl... 041047 King Edward 190 0-210 0

Carrots, per bun, 60-90 wpite 9.) 0-160 0
—New ... “. ሻማ — -~New Guernsey 15,በ 7- 0 9
Cucumbers. per (o Potatos. new—

doz. ira S050 የ በ | —Algerian, perlb. 0 24-0 3
—Flats ... . 16 0-20 0 — Azores, per ease. 10 0-20 0
Dutch Onions... 11 6 42 6 | Radishes—

NP PEN |^ (Guernsey round 6-20
Endive, per doz. 1 3- 30 —(uernsey long 1] 0— 1 6

—Freneh Break-
fast. .. 20-3U
Rhubarb. Forced,

Batavia. perdoz, 3 0- 3 6 |
English Asparagius—

gee ከፈራ per doz. e 20-28
F rench Asparagus— 225 c Natural” per
—tavamon m አ. | doz. "EO "dU
— Paris Green 60706 7 Mavoys, per tally 12 6-130
—lLauris ... es 40-60 O Seakale, per doz.

Greens, best. per punnets ... I8 0-24 0
bay — .. 4060 Spinach, per bushel 5 07 7 0

Horseradish. per | Sweet Potatos .. ሙ፦ 30
bundle... .. 20-26 Tomatos, English.

Leeks, per dez. per Ib. 3 6-40
bundles... . 2H 36 Turnips. new, per

Tattuee, per doz. 1 (፦ 3 0 doz. bun. 8 0-12 0

—Cos M ... 60U- NO Turnip Tops. per

—Qutadoor ... 20-3530 4 baw um .. 40 60

REMARKS.—Many sections of the market. continue to
show a fair amount of activity for the time of year.
Shipments of South African fruits are on a large seale,
and — consist mainly ot Grapes, Pears and Kelsey
Plums. Grapes are not. በ free business, but generally
South African fruits have sold well. Trade. in Apples is
fairly good, consignments o£. Albemarle Newtown causing
ዘ small slackening in the demand for the fine fruits of
English. Bramley's Seedling that are. being marketed. in
some quantity just. now. English hothouse Grapes are
practically finished; but some new season Grapes are
expected. shortly. Choice vegetables, sneh as foreed
Beans, Potatoes, and Peas. are expected to be a good
trade, certainly until the Easter holiday. Mushrooms
are searee and costly, Cueunibers. have. developed. very
rapidly, supplies from the Lea Valley and south coast
having assumed considerable proportions; Home-usrown
Tomatos are vet searce ; a sprinkling is being sent from
Worthing, and the first) package from the Lea Valley
arrived dust week. New Potatos from the Canary Islands
are a better trade: supplies from the Azores and Algeria
are drawing to a close. Both natural and toreed
Rhubarb has sold. vers well and remains in good demand.
Salads sell briskly. Green vegetables are a moderate
trade. Trade in ole
equal to requirements.

CHRONICLE. xi.

Potatos is steady, supplies being |

GLASGOW,

colder weather in the
flowers improved, but the market
was very slow until Friday. — Tulips continued to
be very plentiful. Bartagon averaged 14 for special
Ws > Copland 91. to 13: Prince of Austria, 8d. to |-;

As the result. of
the prices oof cut

past week,

Tea Rose, Ad. to 10d.: Couronne d'Or, 10d. to ]| :
Lucretia, 10.1. to 12. No. 1 pink, 1 4; and Murillo,
61. to 101. A considerable portion. of the Daffodil

supplies now consist of outdoor-grown blooms, and this
tends to cheapen prices. Good Golden. Spur averaged
Sd. to 10. per bunch; English. 3d. to 4d.; and
Guernsey, 244. to. 341. : Pheasant's. Eye, 9d. to 101. :
and ornatus, 7d. to 101. White Hyacinths realised
61. to Sd. for three spikes. The last of the. new
Wedgewood ris sold at 5- to 6- per doz.. while
other varieties made 3- to 4-. Local florists are
receiving Ophelia, Madame A. Chatenay and Mme. Buttertly
Roses direct. from the growers, and the only blooms
in the market were Richmond of variable quality,
which were disposed of at from 2- 10 4- per doz.
Special Carnations were firmer at 3 -, and medium
quality blooms ranged from 23 to 36 per doz.
English Richardias (Arums) averaged 6- 10 ጸ-!:
Guernsey, 4-; Wallflowers realised 19 to 3-: Lily-
of-the-Valley, 26 to 3-: Parma Violets, 36 to 4-;
and Snowdrops, ëd. to 1 -. l

The turnover in the fruit department
satisfactory, and the tendency was again firm,
without any material change in values. Very best
Jatta Oranges declined to 15- and 17- all counts,
but Valencias maintained tbeir advance at the
following rates :--380, 15- to 18-; 300, 17- to 24-:

continued

440. 23- to 35-,;, 240 176 to 22 and 206, 16 -
to 20-. Grape Fruit, extra, touched 27 -. and
Puerto Rico. fruit, 17- to 19-. Cape Pears, Peaches,
Plums, and Grapes were in good demand at firm
prices, the average of which was as follows :—
Pears: Williams's Bon Chr tien, 46 to 36 per box:
Louise Bonne of. Jersey, 5- to 6 Beurre Bose.
26 to 66; Beurre Clairgean, 4 9 to 250; Beurre

Diel. 3- to 36: and Beurr.-

Hardy, 5- የቦ 6-,
Peaches: Elberta. 3 - to 6-:

Gladstone, 5- to 7 -;

and Freestone, ጸ86 to 10-. Grapes: White Hanc-
poot, 10 - to 126: red, 12 - to 24-: and Hermitage,
10- to 116. English Colmar Grapes fetehed from
16 to 6- per ]b., and Belgian, 2 6 to 3 0. Apples
were in «hort. supply. and quotations ruled. high.
Albemarle Newtown (U.S.A) fluctuated between 45-

and 60- per barrel:
Baldwin (Nova
(1”.=.ላ.), 2ኛ - to
per case:
15- 10
)b case.
The tone of the
for most produce,

Baldwin (U.S.A.),
Scotia), 26- to 30-;
32 -: Oregon Newtown, 13 6 to 19 -
Winesap, 19 - to 23-, and Golden Otley,
1). Winter Nelis Pears, 16- to 17 -

33- to W -;
Ben Davis

vegetable market was steady
Green Peas made 12 - per case :
Asparagus, >- per bunch: Cauliflowers, 5- to ጋብ
per dozen: Cucumbers, 12 - to 13 -; Lettnee (French),
16 to 23 per dozen, (Duteh), 76 to 9- per erate:

Syboes, 5- የ0 7-: Madeira Beans, 5- to 6- per
box: and Guernsey Beans, 19 10 2- per th.
Rhubarb was cheaper at 38 - per ewt. for Polmont,
and 32- from other sources.

SCHEDULE RECEIVED.

SCOTTISH NATIONAL SWEET PEA, ROSE AND CARNATION
SOCLETY.— Exhibition to be held in Kelvin Hall, Glasgow,
on Wednesday and Thursday, August 5 and 6.—Secretary,
Mr. John Smellie, Westwood Cottage, Helensburgh.

GARDENING APPOINTMENTS.

Mr. J. Hickman. as Gardener to Drig.-Gen. The Hon.
A. M. Henby, K.C.M.G., Watford Court, near Rugby,
Northants.

Mr. W. E. Jones, for the past five-and-a-half years
Gardener to JOHN BARKER, Esq... The Old. School
House. Shrewsbury, as Gardener to MRS. R. CRAU-
FORD CLARKE, The Rocks. Meole Brace, Shrewsbury.
(Thanks for 2s. 6d. for R.G.O.F. Box.—EDs.).

Mr. C. Hobbs. for nearly three vears Inside Foreman
to HUGH MORRISON. Esq. M.P., Fonthill Hottse.

Tisbury, Wiltshire, as Gardener to Cor. HUGH L. DE
SPENCELY, Ashley House, Box, Wiltshire.

Mr. J. Perret. for nearly eighteen. years Gardener to
J. GODDARD, Esq.. at Tilwate Forest Cottage,
Crawley, and previously at The Elms, Crawley. as
Gardener to CAPT. W. JOHNSEN, Balcombe House,
Balcombe. Sussex.

Mr. J. A. Cane, previously Gardener to. the Rt. Hon.

LORD SEATON, Nutwell Court. Lympstone, South
Devon, as Gardener and Bailiff to Miss FLEMING,

Annery, near Bibeford, North Devon.

CATALOQUES RECEIVED.

J. CHEAL AND SONS, LTD., Crawley.— Dahlias.

CLARENCE ELLIOTT, LTD.. Six. Hills. Nursery, Stevenage.
— Bedding plants, alpines, and herbaceous plants.
HUNTER AND. Gow, LTD.. 236-46, Thomas Street,

Liverpool.—sund ries.
4. CARTER, Co. Raynes
Leather Jackets.

Park.—Wil-Jae for destroying

Foreign.

VILMORIN-ANDRIEUX ET CIE. L
Paris.— Plants.

Quai de la Mevisseric.

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THE BEST "ON THE MARKET. |

CTRANSENMA. WORKS, |

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enge irs Hie grisa vnd helps tbe towns t). keep Weir f

eal: STORE. am.
M (Mn nere -
J——— 29. 68 ibi. die

AT Cortiage ፻110:.

WORM DESTROYER. ከ ን ok oar

The poer — préparation: Ter.
Bye 1.88, oto. .
—— UN , 19 Ew. IT

.PERUV IAN. GUANO.

43 Ener
wi, Gee E ES es " CENE

E BW; 5 iX ai Iba. [n
^ GREENHOUSE RUNDE

En Hound 411 round aid eyn veniri jor ethene thi
EIE EE on webbing. re; Md To tie

Jeden amb: Fittites- nt stall extfa eest:
: 2. SPAM g NU TOMUS uti ABD iioii:

"meist; yer of. application,

W ILLIS Bros. (HARPRNDEN) Led. i I.

_HARPENDER, | HERTS,

Fan By 9551 wt the Tawufgowt.]
17 ew. ፻918/-. Aton, R19 |]
2 Special pleas quoted for-(irase Monats for fuk Land:

destroy Worms : xm
4 t, 415. አበ Carriage. Pais, dc

Apr —— DE m |

— ane List. ar pie CRAT: — T

APRIL 4, 1925.

Established 1823. Telephone : 1026 Addiscombe.

SOUTH LONDON
HORTICULTURAL STORES.

H. SCOTT & SONS’

IMPROVED LAWN SAND
for destroying Se of

—
& SONS

| LAWN:
| SAND |

Woo DSIDE
ES?

SCOTT’S LAWN MANURE (use 1 Ib. to every
4 square yards). 19 - per cwt. ; £18 ton.
SCOTT’S VINE AND PLANT MANURE.
24 - per cwt. ; $20 per ton (carriage paid).

Moss and Weeds use j Ib.

on Lawns to the square
Tennis Courts, yard.

etc.

ORCHIDS

'The Largest Raisers, Growers & Exporters

Pioneers of The Scientific Methods
of Orchid Seedling Raising.

CHARLESWORTH & CO., LTD.

HAYWARDS HEATH, SUSSEX.

Horticultural Directory
of Germany for 1925.

Price 10/|- per copy post free.
Cash with order.

THALACKER & SCHOEFFER,
LEIPZIG, GERMANY.

Inselstrasse 12.

MONAGHAN'S

SLUG DESTROYER

Be prepared against the onslaught of slugs.
Insure your crops against these pests—use

* MONAGHAN'S SLUG DESTROYER "

CERTAIN DEATH TO SLUGS
Has been tested with the most delicate seedlings.
DON’T DELAY. WRITE TO-DAY.

Per packet, 1/6; postage, 6d. extra; two pkts. 9d. extra.

J. E. MONAGH HOWE BRIDGE, ATHERTON,

MANCHESTER.

O business can succeed without ad-
vertising, which is its life-blood. A

clogging of the physical arteries means
death; to cease to advertise is to kill
one's business by slow starvation.

THE GARDENERS

SITUATIONS VACANT

Twenty words (or three lines including headline),

4s., and 18. for every succeeding eight words (or
line or portion thereof). Fee for having replies

addressed to this office, 18.

Advertisements
full particulars,

otherwise no notice can be taken of their

Advertisers their

repeated

desiring
must — gite
communications. Name and address alone

are insufficient.

Gardeners writing to Advertisers of Vacant
to send them
the

To part with original documents

Situations are recommended

copies of testimonials only, retaining
originals.
means to run a great risk of their being

mislaid.

When addressing Box numbers, tt is essentia!
to gite the initials or pseudonym, as tell as

the correct number of the box.

PRIVATE.

EAD GARDENER wanted immediately,
good experience in training of youths and
market gardening. Stamped envelope for full particulars.
Apply. SUPERINTENDENT, Training School, Holmes

Chapel, Near Crewe.
ኝ TANTED, GARDENER, HEAD of two,
Rugby, wel experienced and trustworthy.

Wages ኒን weekly; cottage.— Particulars to H. FINCHER,
Caldecote, Nuneaton.

He WORKING GARDENER required
by Lady Blythswood, for Penrice Castle
Gardens, near Swansea; age not over 45, amd
married : wages 46-, house and coal.—Apply, stating
experience, to AGENT, Estate Office, Reynoldston.
Swansea.

We GARDENER, HEAD WORK.

ING: six kept: must have good experience
in all branches Inside and Out; good cottage.—
Apply by letter only, with full particulars stating
age and wages required, to €. H. GARTON, Ban-
stead Wood, Surrey.

Wee. HEAD WORKING GAR-

DENER, married, good knowledge of all

branches,
rience = preferred.—Apply
wages asked 10 ከ. €. D.,
Covent Garden, W.C.2.

especially shrubs and alpines, nursery expe-
giving full particulars and
Box 9, 5, Tavistock Street,

ANARDENER, WORKING ; thoroughly ex-

Ñ perienced ; has to look after electric light
(Lister); wages 50- and good modern cottage; man
and boy kept: wife must understand — chickens.—
Write only SIR JOHN WIMBLE, Huntercombe,
Henley-on-Thames (station 7 miles).

ANTED, GARDENER, experienced Inside

and Out, to take complete charge, with help.

Single man preterred, accommodation can be arranged.

Reliable and permanent position for really capable man.—

Ful particulars to ISIDORE WARTSKI, Derwen
Deg, Bangor, N. Wales.

Wee. SECOND of six, Inside and
Out, experienced, pot fruit, herbaceous, kitchen
garden; good wages and cottage; must be interested
in ከኬ work. — EVERSFIELD, Penbedw — Gardens,
Nannerch, Flintshire.

ANTED, SECOND GARDENER, chiefly

Outside; wages £2, house arranged if married
and suitable. State age, experience, with copies of
references.— H. SINCLAIR, Gyrn Castle Gardens, Llanasa,
Holywell.

CHRONICLE.

xiii.

V ANTED, SECOND GARDENER, four

kept; married; cottage, 40 -: knowledge Atco
motor-mower and bees preferred; within 40 miles.—
State fully experience, | age, sending coples of
referencea, CAPTAIN WALKER, Norton Court,
Gloucester.

\ YANTED, experienced young
^— SECOND of four, kitehen garden,
mower, wages ኒሂ2 weekly,
GARDENER, Hanslope
Bucks.

W ANTED, UNDER GARDENER, with
some experience. principally for Kitchen Garden
and nssist Inside; good wages to competent man; four

kept-—C. EDWARDS, Oakhurst Cottage, Nt. Stephens
Road, Ealing, W.13.

man,
lawns, motor
lodgings near.—Apply HEAD
Lodge Gardens, Stony Stratford,

ANTED. UNDER-GARDENER, age

about 22, for Inside and Out: good experi-
ence Inside; wages £2 per week, no bothy.—Apply
with = references, HEAD GARDENER, — Penniwells,

Elstree, Herts.

ጓነ ብ. UNDER-GARDENER,
be experienced. in

permanent situation for

Middlemeade,

must
fruit and flowers under glass,
vood man.—F. S. BRICE,
Stoughton Drive South, Leicester.

wanted, -
previous

-Apply by

experience, and

[ "NDER-GARDENER

letter, stating age,

and wages required. SIR WILLIAM WATERLOW.
Whte Ways. Harrow Weald. i
V ANTED. FOREMAN, in large cstab-

lishment for fruit,
table decoration.

Carnations,
wages €2 per week,
pald.—J. ላ. KIRKWOOD, The Gardens,
Gulldford.

Chrysanthemums,
bothy, extra. duty
Sutton. Place,

V TANTE D, FOREMAN for Houses, good
plant grower: albo a YOUNG MAN for
and Pleasure Grounds. Ntate wages, with

ete, and if a — cricketer.—W. R. TAYLOR,

Shendish Gardens, Kings Langley, Herts.

Y

side
ence,

Kitchen
bothy,

TANTED.- ‘Three FOREMEN for large
places: also. First JOURNEYMAN and Out-
JOURNEYMEN: all single men.—State experi-
age, ete, to DICKSON & ROBINSON. The
King's Seedsmen, Manchester.

FOREMAN, Inside, or
JOURNEYMAN in gardens
kept, must be good plantsman:
attendance, ete.—E. WISE, The
House, Otterbourne, Winchester.

VV ATED.
FIRST

good
where
Wages
Gardens,

eight
44 -,

are
bothy.
Oakwood

— ———— —

W ANTED. MAN for Herbaceous Borders,

Rockeries, ete.: 38- per week, bothy and
attendance : state age.— Full particulars to J. DINES,
Downside, reg ee Surrey.

Wo YOUNG MAN, married,
Inside, must have good experience in
State wages expected,
GRAYSMAKK, Bury

for
fruit
cottage.—
Gardens,

and plants.
Appl v W.
Dorking.

with
Hill

YOUNG MAN,
of herbaceous plants, to take charge
good bothy; able to take duty. State wages
required.—H ላ RDCASTLE, Gardens, Tongswood, Hawk-
urst, Kent.

ANTED,
knowledge
of borders:

with good

TANTID, YOUNG MAN,
age about 20, chiefly Outside, lodgings near:

wages 33,-.— Experience, with copies of references, to

HEAD GARDENER, Scadbury Park, Chislehurst.

capable INSIDE MAN :
well up in Carnations. fruit and plants
gene E: Wages 35 - with bothy, etc. duty extra.
—F. BRINICOMBE, The Gardens, Cross Oak, Berk-
hamsted.

for garden,

must

V WANTED,

for Inside.
Chryvsanths., "Tomatoes, also
Outside.— Apply with particulars,
with bothy, ete., to HENRY, Colworth
Sharnbrook, Beds.

wast E D. Y ‘OU NG MAN,
Vines, Peaches,

YOUNG MAN for

stating wages,

Gardens,

—— MAN,
J to take Lead on
mower; age about 25:
M. NICHOLLS, The
Sevenoaks, Kent.

—_—— —

active, experienced, wanted,
Pleasure Grounds, used to pony
wages 438 - week.—Referenees to
Gardens, St. Clere, Kemsing, near

W^ ር experienced. SINGLE MAN for

Kitchen Garden and lawn mowing (Atco
mower) with knowledge of Inside. State age, wages,
etc, no bothy.—H. WITHALL, Hempton — Lodge
Gardens, Monks Horton, Stanford, Ashford, Kent.

xiv.
W- ANTED at onen strong. active YOUN(
MAN tor kitehen sarden; about one hour

bothiv.—Give full
MARSHALL,
Stalf-.

par-
The

daily : good o wages,
with copies of refs.,
Maple Haves, Lichfield.

Ww: AN FED. experie epic Kiichen
DENER single. not. under 30: mus!
woot knowledge ot early and late Vevetables and
be well recommended > duty every third week paid
extra; wages 4:26. -- E. WICKENS. The Gardens,
Tewkesbury Lodge, Forest Hill, =.1[5. 23

\

culars

Hall,

ጓላ AS) single
l and Lawn: state

perience: no lodgings. -F.
Durrington House, Harlow,

W

third
bothy,
warren

houses ork
ticulars.
Gardens,

GAHR-

have

CRICKET GROUNDSMAN.
bowl preferred. Apply with tull parti-
require | to G. W. YOUNG, Hyde
Herts.

TANTED,
able to
and wages

Sawbridgeworth,

MAN for Kitchen Garden
wages and particulars of ex-
UNDERDOWN. The Gardens,
Essex.

for Pleasure
experience for duty every
6- extra for Sunday, with
COOK, The Gardens, Fox-
Surrey.

TANTED, about 24,
Grounds, — Inside

wreek; Wages 327 -,
ete. Apply. H.
Park. Cobham.,

MAN,

GAR-
thorough
fruit
wages
enclose
Blankney

W: ANTED, experienced KITCHEN
DENER to take lead: must have a
knowledge ot suecessional cropping, also hardy
and othe general routine.—State experience and
required, with good cottage or bothy, and
copies of references to W. G. CLEAVER,
Hall. near Lincoln.

W 7 ANTED, a YOUNG
Garden: state wages
FRANCIS, Oakly Park Gardens,
Salop.

MAN for
with botlhiv.
Bromtħteld,

Kitchen
መመ J. R.
Ludlow,

W ANTED, GARDENER and WIFE, live

in, medium garden, small glass, wife COOK
GENERAL, private family, two. State ages and
wages : good home suitable couple.--1440, Canterbury
Road. Margate.

(1^ HDENER wanted, wages £2 and married

quarters, wife might be engaged as cook.---
Apply by letter with copies of testimonials — CANON
DURELE. Rectory, Clapham, S.W.4.

as experienced
COOK: live in:
— GREYBOLE,

AO married couple
GARDENER and plain

rood aecommodation, — good wages.

Hatfield.

M sou married couple ; GARDENER.
HANDYMAN. wife cook- g'neral: Jive in; no

children.—R ECTOR, Chigwell Row, Essex.

ኝ ANTED,

Inside, must be
capable
decorating ;

man with good

bothy and attendance
EVELYN
Brentwood,

HESELTINE, The
Wow
perienced

Jessen.
G-.—-State tul
H. CHANDLER,
market

JOURNEY MAN,
thoroughly experienced
knowledge of plants and
given.—Apply MRS.
Goldings, Great Warley,

for
and

FIRST

FIRST JOURNEY MAN,
fruit and plants wages 35 -, duty
particulars oof experience, ete. የበ
Moulton Paddocks Gardens; New-

TANTED,

CX-

—— —

ጓካ . JOURNEY MAN, — Outside.
Apply. with copies of references, to DIXON,
The Gardens, Thorpe Satehville Hall; Melton Mowbray.

ነነ ከ JOURNEYMAN, Inside. Ex-
Po perienced Carnation grower for first-class place,
Perthshire, Seotland : 38 - per week, 6 - for duty, bothy,
ዞ!(.- Testimonials, ete, to STEWART & CO. 13,
south St. Andrew Street. Edinburgh.
\ TANTED., JOURNEYMAN, Inside. 15-20,
| good bothy, attendance, milk, veg., 3 - duty.
State height, when. disengaged, wages expected,
with copies oof testimoniis, oto J. H. LANE,

Brougham Gardens, Penrith.

W ANTED. good JOURNEYMAN, 23,
Es dde. for Vines, Cars, Chrys, ete; 34-

per week, with bothy, veg., and attendance, duty

eaeh third) week 7 -—W. LLOYD, Rushton Hall

andes Kettering.

W: AN TED. JOURNEYMAN. for Plant
Dept. with some experience: bothy found.

Apply, sending references, C. HARRIS, Welbeck Abbey

Gardens, Worksop, Notts,

- -.-መመመው — —

THE

|
|
|

GARDENERS

\ TANTED. tvo JOURNEY MEN, 1898. to
S2. 08s tor Ul asure Grounds and one for Kitebhen
Garlen.—Pla-: "|. stating wages, copies of reps.

both must understand duty.
Abbeys. near Marlow.

attendance.
Medimenbiam

with bothy and
to 6. CLARKE.

ጓኣጫ em IMPROVER for the Hous s,
e about 1ዛህ wages 27 - per week. with

bothy. duty paid State when at Hberty.— MILES.
Shavington Gardens, Market. Drayton.

\ TANTED. YOUNG MAN, Indc, some
exNpezienees age about. 15; duty alternate week:
bothy -Ful particulars በዘ] waves expected. to HB.

WILKS, Haimptworth Lodge Gardens, near Salisbury.

\ TANTED, YOUTH,
Outside swarden work,
to W. BENTLEY. The

Broadstairs.

WV NT'ED.
PENER:

available: three

appointed cottage

Smith's Bookshop.

experi nee of
about 17.-- Apply
Port Regis,

some
ae

Gardens,

GAR-
required, when
kept: well-
Box 31,

LADY

experienced
state age, salary
men under-zsardeners
with bathroom. ete. —Write
Windsor.

WN PERIENCE)
4 Protestant. wanted,
Tomatoes, — vegetibles
GREGG. Glenbrook,

LADY

temporary:
man and boy
Castlereagh, Co.

GARDENER,

specially good
ke, t. — Mis
Down.

| NOTICE TO ADVERTISERS.

| EASTER HOLIDAYS.

|

Advertisements for insertion in the issue |

of April 11th should reach this. oflice
on MONDAY, the 6th inst. Those
| received. after that date will be held

over until the following issue.

W^ ANTED NURSERY FOREMAN,

for Ireland : fruit and forest trees,
young active man, good propagator, — Apply stating
experience, waves, when disengaged, copies of trade
referenee, to NURSERY MAN. Box 1, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2

Ww

Apply,
testimonials,
SN. MeGQREDY &

\

with በ
Roses.

single,
conifers :

working — Rose and
used to growing. large
wages — expected,

where experienee
Roval Nurseries,

T7 ANTED,

FOREMAN,
giving age,
stating
SON,

Fruit
quantities.—
and copies of
was gained,
Portadown.

J ANTVED, workine general
FOREMAN: must be ከ good. propagator
thorough knowledge. of fruit trees and
Apply, giving aye, wages expected, with
original testimonials, which will be returned; cottage
found for married man close to nursery: — JOHN
BASHAM & SONS, The Nurseries, Bassaley, Mon.

nursery

per SRN GROWER, a thoroughly reliable and

experienced. Fern Grower required in. large establish-
ment; permanent job tor wood man.— Apply, with
particulars of experience, IVALL, The. Nurseries,
Shirley, ou

W

to

T ANTED at once, CUCUMBER GROWER ;

state wages, ave and experienee.— Apply D. R.
STRATFORD, Rookery Nursery, Rayleigh, Essex.
W TANTED. for small nursery, MAN for

herbaceous and rock Jlants: knowledge ዐየ
budding an advantage ; single.—GOATCHER, Nurseries,
Washington, Sussex.

ነ... . experienecd KNIFESMAN,

single, to work up stock. and assist. generally in
small nursery (Essex): abo MAN tor soft. wood.— Apply,
giving partieculurs and wages expected, to ላ. 11, S.
Box 10, 5, Tavistock street; Covent Garden, WoC. 2

ES H PONTO LE.

1925.

—

APRIL 1,

MAN used to numery work.

ጓነ ANTED,

landscape. crazy paving, dry walling, ሾ(ጄኑ፦ፐ ነ.
ete. : regular employment : wages £3 and commissos -
Applications to J. SLATER, Nurseries, Skipton.

\ "ANTED, competent NURSERY HAND.

used to Carnations. — Apply stating ኢቫ በቦ
aml wages required to W. H. PAGE, Tangles Nurser ~
Hampton, Middlesex.

VW ANTED. a few smart experienesd
NURSERY HANDS for !n-ide and Out: Rees.
Chrvsanthliz, Cars, ete, ዮየር.: wages W- per Week. —
Apply B. V. Lae Box ጾ። 3. Tavistock Street. ios [!"
Garden, W.C. 2.
N URSEHY ASSISTANT wanted, vi
ል general knowlege of hardy plants.—Apply ts
letter, stating ages experience. and wages required. tee
G. R. BARR., Barr's Nursery. Taplow, Bucks.
NTED, MEN, for Jobbing and Land-

A`
W wape Department. —WM. CUTBUSH AND SON.

LTD.. Highgate, N. 6.
D . ብ... GARDENERS for Land-
4 scape and Jobbing Work ; permanent. if satisfactory.
—WM. SONT & NON, 48, North Road, 111ሠ[|[ከሠ.(!፥
Village, N. 6.
"4LEHRK. abou: 23, experience in Nursery
Otice for. preference. — Apply own handwriting.
stating salary expected, WM. BIGNELL & SON, a>
above,
Male, for Seed and

«HOP. ASSISTANT,
[S Bulb Shop: previous experience necessary.— Apply
BIGNELL & SON, as above.

by letter, WM.

\ 7 ANTED, ASSISTANT

in an up-to-date

retail shop; flowers, seeds. bulbs, nursery
stock, sundries ; - progressive. — Experience. Wages,
references, to J. SLATER, Nurseryman, Ilkley.

ANTED, FLORIST with wide experience.

\

courteous, of good address; wages £4.—
References, age, experience, when at liberty, to
FLORIST, Box 609, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Gar-
den, W.C. 2.
pese male or female; leading hand,
with first-class experience ; good window dresser
and desigmer.—Apply by letter, with full. particulars
of experience, etc, to WILLS AND SEGAR, Ltd..
Onslow Crescent, South Kensington.

SITUATIONS WANTED

Twenty words 28., and Gd. for every succeeding

eight words or portion thereof. (Advertisements at
this special rate are only accepted direct from
gardeners and nursery employees.) Fee for having

replies addressed to this office, 18.

MP BECKETT. Aldenham House (ardens,

El-tree, Herts.. can with confidence recommend a
energetic HEAD GARDENER, experienced and
reliable in all departments; choice flowering trees and
shrubs, rock, alpines, herbaceous, glass and landscape
work; efficient: organiser.

keen

YARDENER, HEAD. where several are

kept. married. one daughter, grown ዝኮ. life
experience in all branches of a good establishment ;
excellent references as Head from present. employer,
4 years, previous 10}. — LAWRENCE, Dean Wood,
Newbury.

HARDINGE

CIR ARTHUR
ኒ recommends his HEAD
where 2 or 3 are. kept. experienced
married. age 38, 2 children, 5 years
previously.—Write F. CAPON, co Mrs,
Square, West. Hoathly, Sussex,

thoroughly
GARDENER, F. CAPON,
Jnside and Out,
reference, ኮ1
Hunt, Queens

Apia 1. 1925

YARDENEH seks situation, HEAD of
four or morc keem, የላኣ1ጻ ዝ.ሆሇሆ:... and well
recommended, or as FOREMAN in good establish-

rnit. Carnations,
same.— LUFF.

ulass.
obtaining

charge ol
marrjel on
Tunbrilegee Wells.

ment, used to
Begonias, ete.:
Dunorlan,

veod SINGLE.

eNperienee in all
London preferred.

HEAD. or
seeks situation,
grown np: Hear
Bletchley.

“A ARDENER.

HANDED),
branches: family
COLWELL. Eversholt,
M! RS I. ER hizbly recommends: hir

sini Gardener as HEAD of two, or SINGLE-
HANDED. life experience in all branch: s; married, no
children, age 27 vears, excellent references.-- EF. BAKER,
Weald Place Cottage, Sevenoaks, Kent.

where
gool foreman’ s
and excellent
‘Tavistock

RAD WORKING GARDENER.

several are kept. has. hell à
position, good experience in all branches
references, single, age 289. -W.. Ro Box 6, 3.
Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2

| ADY highly rocomm nd s HEAD WORKING
d

GARDENER. honest, conscientious man.
thoroughly experieneed in all branches; [Inside and
Out: age 38, married: leaving through death.—
GRIFFIN. Beltwood. Sydenham Hill .!:.

YARDENER. HEAD WORKING, lif* ex-

perience inside and Out, previously Outside

and General Foreman: wood refs, age 36, married,

one child.—F. T. L. Box » » Tavitock Ntreet,
Covent Garden, W.C.Z.

Y*ARDENER. HEAD WORKING. in Ox-

several are
manager, life
and bees.—

situation where
family, good
also poultry

ጃ tordshire,
kept. age 4),
experience, highest

requires
married, no
references ;

W. R. T.. Box 3, ን. Tavistock Street. Covent Garden,
W.C.2

YARDENER, HEAD WORKING, seeks

re-enzagenient: keen, energetic, trained in Pun

class establishments, thorough Knowledge all departments:

age 38) married: highest referenees. — EYRE. Ranby

Hall Gardens, Retford, Notts.

( Y ARDENER, HEAD WORKING sks
re-engawement ; liie experience in all depart-

ments; marketing of surplus produce and the general

management of a good establishment: 7 years Hvad:
age 40, married.— R.W. L.. Box 2, ጋ, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

(4 ENTLEMAN highly recommends advercsor
as HEAD WORKING GARDENER of four

or five where keen, interested man required: lite
experience all branches, Inside and Out; early and
late — forcing : control. staff; execllent | references,
3$} years present: age 33, married, no family.—
E. BRYANT, Purley, Reading.
YARDENEH, HEAD WORKING. eks
: Te-enzagement as such, life experience in first-class
establishments, age 42, 2 children grown up, MR. ላ. D.
BRADFORD highly recommends as to ability and
integrity, held position here as Head 12 years, pre- and
post-war.—Garston House, Watford.
YARDENER. HEAD WORKING, where
several are kept. life experience Inside. and Out;
wood crower of fruit, flowers. and vegetables. early and

late forcing: disengaged end of ux 11.

April.-- W. T. P.
5, Tavistock Street, ]

Covent Garden. WoC. 2

Y ARDENISH. HEA
ጃ SINGLE-HANDED.,
veas’ experience in all
recommendations; age 32,
—A. P, IN, Kenley Parade,

D WORKING or
seeks re-enuacements 141
branehes (private), | good
married, cottage preferred.
Kenley, Surrey.

RO rl

YARDENER, HEAD WORKING or

Y SINGLE-HANDED: all-round experience: married,

one child: can. be well recommended — Apply 4. 1). W..
Tbe Gardens, Poles Park, Ware, Herts.

YARDENER, HEAD WORKING, in good
establishment, or first-class married FOREMAN.
Mr. Lloyd, Tewin Water, Welwyn, Herts, cou-
fidently recommends his Foreman, W. SMITH, age
32, as a thoroughly practical and trustworthy inan ;
eflicient controller ot labour: excellent references
from noteworthy Gardens, present situation — three
years; Married when suited; go any district.

*XARDENERS SUPPLIED. Heads. Fore-
men, Journeymen, ete.: all well trained. —
JOHN WEATHERS, British — Gardeners’

Apply
Isleworth.

Association,

THE

GARDENERS CHRONICLE, XV.
*ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED or with SIR EE FIRST, Inside, age 23,
፣ help. tife e Xperience. married: Cottage, sood now disengaged, seeks situation in well-kept. estah-
referenees,— E... TURNER. 70, Smarts Lane, Loughton, lishment, ex. refs., southern counties — preferred.—T.
Jessen. THORPE, Clavers "Cottage, Langton Green, Near Tun-

*ARDENER. SINGLE-HANDED, all-round

x experience: married, no family: good references.—
WOOD, The Lodge, jurntwood Grange, Upper
Tooting, S.W.

VARDIENER, SINGLE-HANDED or

otherwise, life experiense : goal reference:
cottage, — F. PARKHOUSE, The Grange Lodge,
Totteridwe, Herts.

Y ARDENER
wise: disengaged :

36, married ater on:
Belmont Lodge,

as

SINGLE-HANDED or other-
IN vears experience, good refs.:
hard oof hearing.—H. BURN,
Juhtham, Sevenoaks, Kent.

YARDENER SINGLE-HANDED or with

help: age 30, single : experienced Inside and Out:

excellent. character.— W.. GRIFFITHS, co Mr. Thomas,
14. Tea Bank. Salop Road, Wrexhain.

*ARDENERHR., SINGLE-HANDED. or with
help, seeks situation: age 30, life experience,
Inside and Ont: exeellent. references > married when
suited: single-handed present situation. — H. E.
Box 4. ጋ. Tavistock Street, Covent. Garden, W.-C, 2

SECOND,

Y ARDENER,
ሽ experienced Inside and Out, good references,
—F. STAMP, Chapmanslade, Wilts:

TR. H. LLOYD, The
M Water.

Welwyn, Herts,

seeks situation,
single,
Westbury,

Gardens, Tewin
confidently recommends
T. WILMOTT as SECOND GARDENER in good
establishment. thorough experience Inside. and Out;
age 27, married when suited. Please state wages.

SUR HARRY VERNEY, Bart, confidently
I3 recommends ላ. STOPP as good SECOND, 10 vears’
experience, Inside and Out, keen and interested, age 28,
married, no family, home counties preferred-—A. STOPP,
South Lodge., Claydon Park, Winslow, Bucks.

YARDENER. SECOND, seeks

take charge Inside, or [Inside
perience, well recommended ;
suited : home counties preferred.—W,
Gardens, Engletleld. Green.

situ ation,
and Out; life ex-
age do, married when
CROSS, Ridgemead

(i^m YARDENER,UNDER, Herbert Watts,Lovell's

Court. Marnhull, Dorset, can highly recommend

G EORGE LITTEN, age 21, Kitchen or Pleasure Gardens,

2 years present situation, 4h previous, under professional,
good references.

M! R. C BRIARS, Hamble Cliff Gardens,
AY Netley, Hants., highly recommends J. NEVILLE
as GARDENER where one or two are kept.
NYOREMAN, Inside, ዐየ SECOND.--Mr. J.
Kirkwood highly recommends his foreman,
TUCKER, as above: life experience gained in good
establishments: excellent) references; age 2x: married
when suited.—C. TUCKER, Sutton. Place Gardens,
Guildford, Surrey.
ps MAN., [nodes single, thorough know-
. ledge of all fruit and plant culture under glass:
experience mained in good establishments in North and
South of England.—0COON Havering Green. Romford,
Essex.
(1 v s requires situation, kitchen
garden, experienced. good references, age 30,
married when suited, leaving, estate =()111.--.ላ. JEWELL,
The Gardens; Grange. Farnborough, Hants.
Eifion Gardens,

MA ከ. €. BAYLISS. Bron

Criccieth, cean with confidence
CLARK for kitchen garden, and assist inside,
age 21, 6 years! experience, address as above.

recommend J.
take duty,

\ ARRIED man requires general or. kitchen
A

- garden — work. 6 — years — present | situation.—
STEPHEN CURTIS. The Gardens, Kings Walden,
Hitchin. Herts.

ኣ V'CHEN GARDENER, first-class practical
ዒ rpm nee, desires re-engagement without wife's
Services | highest testimonials : married, no family.—
Apply H. LEWIN. Brinklow. near Rugby.

bridge Wells, Kent.

OURNEYMAN, FIRST, Inside age 94. -
e Mr Holden, | Woburn Place, Addlestone. can
With every confidence recommend OSCAR SIMPSON,

who has had good experience Inside.

OURNEYMAN requires
e Where good knowledge can ከሁ obtained: 3 years
Inside and Out: age 19; well recommended: bothy
preferred.—A. BREED. Weston Park Garde ns, Stevenage,
Herts.

V R. W. LLOYD, Ru:hton
iY Kettering, recommends (1.
JOURNEYMAN, Inside: age 23 vears ;

situation, «Inside,

Hall Gardens
WICK as FIRST
bothy preferred

OURNEYMAN, age 22, seeks situation.
e Inside, fruit or plants: good references : bothy

preferred. — Apply W. BARRIE, Gardener, Colney Hall,

Norwich.

I SHALL be pleased to recommend E.
ECCLESTON as JOURNEYMAN for Inside: age
20; the last 12 months in. the. fruit houses here: Herts.
ot Beds. preferred. —H EAD. GARDENER, Greenlands,
Henley-on-Thames,

OURNEYMAN. age 25 ó years, seeks
e situation Inside or Inside and Out, 10 years’
experience: midlands preferred.—W. UPTON, Dunstall,
surton-on-Trent.

OURNEYMAN, IMPROVER. Gardener's
e son, age 21, seeks situation, Inside and Out: 3
years experience, ehíietly Pleasure. Grounds and Kitchen

Garden; used to dutv.—BAXTER, Bourton, Shrivenham.

J E. FAGENCE, Roydon Hall Gardens,
የያ. Tonbridge. highly recommends H. SMITHERS as

IMPROVER, Inside, age 19. — Please state wages with
bothy.
MPROVER..-J. BROUGHTON wishes to

recommend a LAD as above: age 16; Inside
and Out.—The Gardens, Pinkney Park, Malmesbury.
E HEXTER, Chelsworth Hall Gardens,
de Bildeston, Suffolk, highly recommends HERBERT

CHURCH as IMPROVER,
years, 4 years’ experience.

Outside: strong, age 18

YARDENER.- HANDYMAN,

child, seeks sit., smart,
ref.—HILbDITCH, 6l,

married,
energetic,
Mount Pleasant,

one
reliable,
good Alton,

Hants.

TRADE.

ANAGER. Seed Dept., 26. single: ከ
years’ practical exper,enee, nursery, seeds, bulbs,

ete. ; college diploma (Horti), correspondence, accounts ;
requires similar position. of trust in otee, nursery. or
shop: energetic and reliable: good refs.: salary €4. 108. —
Write SEEDS, Box 12, ጊጊ Tavistock. Street, Covent

Garden, W.C. 2

M? ANAGING FOREMAN, by practical
a grower, "Toms. Cues... Chrysanths., Arums, cut
stuff in large quantities: outdoor erops for market:
good references, used to. large amount of glass.
single. State wages.—WOODS, High Street, Hartford,
Huntingdon.

NENERAL FOREMAN, nursery, life expe-
X rience, Cues., Toms., Chrysanths., ete.. age 28,

married, no family, excellent references.—MITCHELE,
Russell's Nursery, Watford.

NOREMAN or GROWER seeks re-engagement,

practical experience jn Tomatoes, Cucumbers,

Chrysanthemum, and bedding stuff: married.—-C. S. D..
Box 7, ጋ, Tavistock Street. Covent Garden, WC. 2.

ZOUNG LADY. slight experience. desires
post in. first-class florists shop in London, disen-
eaved.—MISS S.. Hawthorns, Cowley, Middlesex.

3b — — GABDENBES ያህያ ር ር

ረ ረ ME ere E.
o cha .....፡ f fiio, va E OS ፍ.ቡ መኝ : an? . Rees: y OO
ESTABLISHED 1988 0000000000 E m

HOTHOUSE BUILDERS,

AND HEATING ENGINEERS TO
HIS MAJESTY THE KING. ን

MSD ELECTRICAL. ENGINEERS. AND JRONFOUNDERS.

J OTHOUSES Pn are cab present carrying ia many — * tan! —
otkouss Contracts in ‘seasoned Teakwood ; our stock of Taak- —
odd is quite. "up. 5 pre War standard, and. prices: are very. moderate: s
: Dur stock of aclected seasoned Redwood
-. dar the: best class of Hotbovsea we e recommend Teakwood. Representa
hives. will be 86 to be par ob the coi int in» ህር | T E
MID * ቁ — estimates. - "lease send ts your enquiries. ር ሠራ
LONDON -5 Camden Road, N.W. aN ; GLASGOW-12 1, St. Vincent | St.
| EDIN BU RGH (Registered Office and Works) —Balcarres. Street. |
Telegrams ; * - GLASSHOUSE, NORWEST, LONDON; '' bnd * : HOTHOUSE, EDINBURGH, "

pre d UNT , Horticultural Bildes - and Henting. ር ር CHE
LONDON. OFFICE: 152, ‘VICTORIA STREET. : ‘WESTMINSTER, 5. wW. 1. |

(65 Experience. 15106 cover ‘more than | Rer Heating. Ranges ‘of Glasshouses our
Half a. Century enables. ds to. ‘include |. - QUORN SECTIONAL ‘BOILER

N^ that is best in the design. and —— ‘economical in. first cost, dán | Bring: and
“ment of Glasshouses - MANET BI in füel consumpti

1. ! .8ቭ6( Water Pipes, — and. all "Hestiog Acces.
— free. - 2 Interviews by appointment n. sories. direct from onr own Foundry.

—— Lis of the. — GIHI I MIDI Mo eOmracts undertaken for complete Installations. ||

| | i oa dd 362 ን ps. finie)

6 68. G IREEN H OUSE HEATING. N
— ROCHFORD dE BISSON TUBULAR. BOILERS p
y SECTIONAL BOILERS — HOT- WATER PIPES.
sea ቀ. F1 Hot- Water Valves AER Ventilating Gear ee
1 3% Awarded Gold 841 Royal አርበ Exhibition 191:. |
ae Healing Apparatus ‘erected: in mk. ይህ”. qa. K ን ቀንን ንአ ር Y
FORTY TEARS EXRERIENCE | 0

CHAS. 1 P. KINNELL & Co. Ltd. 2505/4. 9/2UI UY" LONDON E i

— — — —— — — MEN ተቃ
Cu ዱር ያል = — ?

iter: by. A 8. የጠ ry du. 114. — Streets — ጀር. ገሩ "in papia $ natas e pis ር ‹800%885. 198084. I fnm. as isto Pu

enini iren. Xt T BARRAS ama 4: YRS os COE d
: T ^ = * X = Hr Tit i an BH i R ነ iN DM AR d ።፡
PIS LE — Th 39 x

vod i the best in the country, bat —

+h 5 "BPerennisl- ‘Plants, | Kae Kable atl. Fimer Sibi, ewe ር

Bae dent quie |, 999880 490:ቪ &. aiti web weeds qw Te !

WORA du. VA GU EEL: T AURA, (Net Tun. ከ4
ip Seedomiets Sopa dA SPAN :

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————————— 99

POST FRER 26, — e
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Facius Rand, chandon,” aat ferari acu EE
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jars xar ENDE Fi "fot i ERN NI "Y. (THE. "WORLDS. MOST.

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No. dis. < Vou LXX xvi Poe C SATURD me 1, 1986. — — “Pane Bd.

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(ái T e jJ

11. | THE GARDENERS’ CH RONICLE. Amir, 1], 1925.

— —— — —M—— — — MÀ MÀ — —

SALES BY AUCTION. NOTICES. | I OOTS and BULBS.—12 Delphiniums, large

| blue, Splendid, worth 1- each, 5- ርኩ:
ር Glorious Gladioli, 12 sorts named, 10 each colour,
| 120 for 10 -. List free-—JESSE HANDSCOMBE.

AY ie S. PEGLER, F.R.P.S., Grove Street, , Grower of Seeds and Plants, Feltham, Middlesex.
j Retford, Notts., would pay for opportunity to

Photograph in Colours attractive subjects, within 50

WEDNESDAY NEXT,

(and every succeeding Wednesday during the | miles radius. NOR SALE, 12 good varieties of Perpetual
| E NET Ru ce ጋ መ መመ Carnations, well rooted and healthy, 30/-per 100,
S2ason.) | ¢.W.0.—-HEAD GARDENER, Haveringland Hall. Norwich.
WEET PEA CULTURE under Glass. - ' , x —
SPECIAL TRADE SALE, ኔ Premium Pupils, to live out, taken በክ large |

commercial undertaking. — Apply The SECRETARY, NEW 6 Carnation Marchioness of Salisbury.

Lynwood Nurseries Ltd., Rayleigh, Essex. i s ard of Merit, British Carnation — Any-

] tía አለየ odGiladialh Redes cung Ma s a |. one desirous of obtaining planta of this beautiful, soft,

including quantities of Gladioli, 60 cases of Japanes E oun Capiatian shoal Ale to R. H. HALL, Hatfield

Lilies in variety, Begonias, Herbaceous and Rock Plants, House Gardens, Hatfield, Herts. Rooted plants, 5 - each:

cuttings, 2-. Please read report. 11. "* Gardeners’
Chronicle," dated. April 4th, 1925.

Carnations, ete.,

together with consignmonts of

|
| PLANTS, ሕር., FOR SALE. | | —
BAY TREES, PALMS, CAMELLIAS, ] AHLIA Coltness Gem, 1,000 good, strong

stuff, 38-inch pots, 6'- doz., 45`- ር 1፡1. dd
S 1 ኸ . T | C,w.0. OF offers for whole.—HALLETT, Netherby
ASPIDISTRAS, BOX TREES, etc, Small Classified Advertisements wenty words
from the Continent.

Gardens, Carlisle.
(or three linea including headline) 48., and 18.

. . . ; A PLANTS.—Connover’s Colossal
N ESSRS. PROTHEROR & MORRIS, , for every succeeding eight words (or line or part (2 years), acking and carriage, 2-
4 f ; 100 extra.—JOHN PERKINS AND SON, 52, Market
of a line). Fee for having replies addressed to | Square, Northampton.

this office, 18. Displayed advertisements, 88.

will sell the above at their SALE ROOMS,
67 & 65, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.C. 2

Catalogues post free on application.

j , — AAULIFLOWER PLANTS -Best (Autumn-
per inch, or 108. facing editorial matter. + gown) Plants. Early London and Walcheren, 12 6

per 1,000; prompt delivery carriage paid: cash with
order. Special quotation for large quantities and price list of

|
| TERNS! CALADIUMS !!—Begonias, Palms | all varieties of Cabbage Plants (Autumn-sown) of the best
GANS ! é 1D it— g ፥ "EAE
EEE NE ALICE ITE GIST GOA |
|

Crotons, Dracaenas, Gloxinias, Hydrangeas, GILLIES, PRESTONPANS, LTD., Prestonpans, East
Geranjums, Ericas, Lilies. Ferns and How to Grow Lothian. Largest Cabbage Plant Growers in Britain.
Them, by J. E. SMITH, 3/6 post free —SMITH, Established over 50 years. Telegrams, *‘ Plants, Preston-
London Fern Nurseries, London, S.W.9. pans." Telephone, 24 Prestonpans.

stocks and at the lowest prices on application. JOH N
PROPERTY TO LET.

0 0 LARGE GARDEN FERNS, COTCH SEED POTATOES.—Duke of
1 0, () 30- 100, variety: wanted 1,000 York, 3s. 50.; British Queen, 2s. 9d.; Dargil
large A * spidistras for dividing. Catalogues free,— ' Early, 3s. ; Eclipse, 2s. 90d. ; Great Scot, 2s. 9d.: Ally,
SMITH, Fernery, London, S.W.9 Express, $s.: Kerr's Pink. 2s. 9d.: Arran Chief, 23. 8d.
Arran Comrade, 2s. 9d. ; Epicure, 9s. 9d.: Majestic, 3a.
King Edward, 2«. 9(1.. etc. Catalogue of Vegetable and

- f | t — » WHYTE & CO.,
IMALAYAN, Chinese, and other Rhodo. , Loyer, Seeds — ከ ከ

TO MARKET GARDENERS, ETC.
LEICESTERSHIRE.

GOPSALL HALL KITCHEN GARDENS.

TO BE LET with Immediate Possession
comprising about 4 acres
with GLASS HOUSES and DWELLING HOUSE

dendrons on their own roots. Shrubs, Alpines,
and border plants, Aquatics, Lilies, etc. Write for
Lists.—G. REUTHE. keston, Kent.

!
|
|

—— —————— I
ነ

|

CHARLTON & SONS, Nurserymen, Rotherfleld, Sussex.

Apply | ላ RAUCARIAS.—A few very fine plants to PLANTS, &c., WANTED.
ous GERMAN & SON, 4.4 Offer. 5j ft. high, not too spreading, in tubs, at
35/. ench.—Apply ROBERT GREEN (1911), LTD., 28, |
Land Agents and Surveyors Crawford Street, Baker Street, London, W. 1. i Y ANTED. good clumps of Nympheas in
ASHBY-DE-LA-ZOUCH. ——— ——— — ——— — — ጠጋ RÓRÓ | variety.—Quantity and price to ARTHUR
|
|

AVENDER PLANTS in variety, 17/6 100,

4 sample doz., 3/6; carriage pald.—CHILVERS ፏ
SON, Hunstanton.

MISCELLANEOUS.

ee — —

BUSINESS ARD.

US S c AS ERANIUMS.--Crampel and Denmark, 23 -

— SS መመመ Xx ek ae ia Zurich, ve a i Heliotrope, 14.- 100.

Fuchsias.— Rolla, Scarcity, Pink Ballet Girl, Jack French,

AMES BACKHOUSE, F.LS, F.R.H.S., efe, 8 best varieties, 16,- 100. Violas—White, Yellow,

0 for many years Chairman of the late firm of James Mauve, Blue. true to name. strong from cuttings,

Backhouse and Son, Limited, having retired from York, 14- 100. Lobelia (Clibrans) from cuttings, will divide,

offers his services as GARDEN CONSULTANT ; 30 years’ 5- 100. Carriage paid for cash.—MILLICAN, Kinson,

experience. specially in connection with Alpine and Bournemouth.

Herbaceous Plants: advice given for Rock Garden

construction and planting, also for permanent flower

borders. boundary plantations, etc.—Address for terms to
Caer Fegla. Arthog, North Wales.

RON AND WIRE FENCING for Gardens,
Ornamental Iron and Wire work of every
description. Catalogues G.C. 156: Iron Fencing and
Tree Guards, Catalogue G.C. 65: Wood and Iron
Gates, Catalogue, G.C. 163; Kennel Railing, Catalogue
ገ ኤሙ — PEN ቸም ENERO G.C. 86; Poultry Fencing, Catalogue G.C. 70. Ask [or

. . ' separate lists. —BOULTON & PAUL, LTD., Norwich.
1 0 LADIOLI for 8s. 9d., post paid. | sett SEET ረር መ
e most dazzingly brilliant fiowers on earth,

|
|
|
|
| with spikes of bloom 18 ins. long; 12 cach of 9 kinds rIXENNIS COURT FENCING, a speciality,

(105 bulbs), all separately packed and named for 88. 90., | made up as complete enclosures with standards,
post paid ; half lot, 45. 9d., post paid (cultural in- wire, and straining, osts, from 6 to 12 feet high.
structions and beautifully illustrated. Flower and Write to Dept. 1C for particulars.—ROULTON ፈ
Vegetable Catalogues included). — R. KAY & CO, PAUL, LTD., Norbion:

Goodmayes Road, Goodmayes, Essex.
EXHIBITION. —
IRDS’ BATHS, Sundials, Vases, Statuary,

EGONIAS AND GLOXINIAS. — Kay's | Birds’ Nesting Boxes, etc..—Catalogue (No 3)

S | ቿ በ Di " Bulb ር , > prize oe with blooms often measuring 8 ins. free.—MOORTON, 00, Buckingham Palace Road, 8.W. 1.
din across ; a collection of 12 Single and 12 Double Begonias,
pa g an istrict rowers also 6 Gloxinias—all separately packed and named, with |

cultural instructions and illustrated catalogues for 65. 3(1.. , QTONE PAVING.—Crazy and rectangular

and Market Gardeners’ Association. post የ911: halt lot, 3x. èd., post pald.—ht. KAY & CO; | K) York Garden Paving, Copings, Steps, etc. Grit
i Goodmayes Road, Goodmayes, Essex. and other Rocks for Rock Gardens; Flat Stone.

, Rubble for “ Dry" Walls. Nottingham Marl. Large
; or small quantities carriage paid to any Railway

The e ANNUAL

SHOW OF DAFFODILS

will be held at the

ILIUMS Auratum, speciosum, longiflorum | Station | in England—HODSON & SONS, LTD.
d giganteum, Henryi, Fortunei, ete., all 8-, 12-, and Castlegate, Nottingham.

oe doz.— MORLE & CO.. 150-150, Finchley Road,

CORN EXCHANGE, SPALDING, | TORK STONE PAVING for Garden
Co ቁ ee 1 ፡፡፡ ፡ ፡ Paths and Lily Ponds: rectangular or broken for

On Thursday and Friday, April 16th and 17th. | * LADIOLUS.— Splendid flowering bulbs, in rustic work ; steps and wall coping: rockery.—GEO.
OPEN CLASSES FOR NEW VARIETIES. | VJ 33 best sorts; 100 in 10, 13-; 200, 242, paid. VINT & BROS, Stone Merchants, Idle, Bradford.

—MORLE « €O., as above.
Also TRADE STANDS
by any Nurseryman and Grower.

QJELECTED GREY WESTMORELAND
= : : . A? Weathered and Waterworn Mountain Limestone
For Schedul iy do the Secretart D WONTAS, Gold. Medal, Plants in leaf, | Rockery. The finest Rockery Stone: also York Stone
Or 2 ር በ1 ገ UNE -oecretary, | well rooted ready. for pots: single, 15-: double Garden Paving.—HERBERT BROOK, High Road,
HERBERT W. QUINCEY, 14, Pennygate, Spalding. | 23 - 100, paid —MORLE & CO. as above. Whetstone, N.20; and Lightcliffe, Yorkshire.

rite 2

EN à

QA ARDEN ERS. * CHRO: UC LE. oa — — | w i

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— — Wedow Donnie 1 am. 44914. 1. ጎሃ DENERS APRONS: ie seni s
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From 34. each,

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Wwe qe | * MONAGHAN'S SLUG DESTROYER” -
1 .፣ CERTAIN. DEATH TO: SLUGS

Hae: pe Jë b ded. «with. Bs — «6፡16. ‘shed ives.

5 35 185. ከ5. 14 tbs.
May — a — oe — VR ወቹ ARA
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Midlothian Farh. — Ae odes XY ፡፡..
Sharpe's Express ... 115 1. 4- BES
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— — Be Se feet የ08. 59ሮእ:::: c
| 68ህ2። D — sud iie Slasstioued Beate, s Eas SEA
3 e BERTA x RELIABLE. ——

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ላዞ89 11: 1925. © THE BABDENERS 1 CHRONIC Du ንን s *

GARDENER ከ5 , MONS C pni makes ihe Gare den Eu

aos - ኢ. CO eem |
| | ; T Suus = f Ka ሕጅን TS ፆር "E
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HS — i በክ ድህ ent PEASE BARS. “ውፍ ፲.13 We 6.'። 2. 98 (06 ይ”. mE. o
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7... Fear Om wt EELS: (eX nwpt Jing

De ዜም ፳ SON, 525.7 Wcities uem AC fts v ርን —— — LONDON. &. is:
meters, EL d ቃዋ * — j i j ' i .

ያ — ARMS e 2 hase —
cow e t pose us ሠ. Bulbs, E
Billie | Plants and 7 tiders — A fa. ራ Ph —

ይሁ 4 L cor TER, Bt. F & ዘ B; F. ዚ 0 8, N R, 86.

[ይሠ qi a ve

WILLIS BROS. ?

Garden. Fertiliser |

_ THE BEST ON. THE MARKET:

^3 í

Kitchen. Gardens or Herbacesus Borders.

ር

per ton. AW Carriage Pad
LAWM SAND. AND DARY KILLER.

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knowledge bf a Mines ©

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^u alt che bulbs. knows. tor cultivation. : Each Variety o sis
355 elassthed im. valphaberical » "order | with useful. anb o ——
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PERUVIAN GUANO.

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DRIED. "BLOOD | MANURE.”

1 ከና E VACUA e ML * ደ. 2 E ግሎ a T — — —
PC y Me R AM ፉ “ረም ኣር — ha? A d us — hue ፈጋ — —

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: v^ || e “GREENHOUSE BLINDS. - 21...
5 ጄ N LI J Y s ኝዜኤኤ 1 Maite up t5 any aize rank spectat: quuitv: Shite: — EE
| TLE 15 seas ነ e :
| Nn A || — Rolera and Fittings at 480800: iste — ix BUS
! SP ECIA LITIES. A ayy (, Estimates and amples 486 wpplieation. src peus
3 y * | ape ‘GARDEN SUPPLIER AT LOWEST ዞጸ1055. |
t5 Xl ጋመ Write for on. አጂ of ክመጹ Pea ያ መደረ Horticultural ;
| WEED DESTROYERS - EE dis el.
2 (Liquid. 1 to 8o; Powder. 1 16 1 59) | -Our Records GOLD MEDAL WILLIS E Bros.. (HARPENDEN) 144. |.
| 1 1 atthe BR H.s.] 3 Silver-Gilt Banksian. HARPENDEN, HERTS.
| “DAISY KILLER (Lawn. Sand) ||] within twelve) = Medals. ! — — — —
| 1 |1 በርህ are ] 4 8:19፳ | Bankia —
| EARTHWORM DESTROYERS - ||| .።.ክ።። | and Award of Merit 8
(Liquid. and andene 2 s ds I | m For + Giant White Wonder’? 3| -
i ALTA ከ22 a x Gixnt White Word: mow Te 6551. a a fe quus
FERTILIZERS Cp D] the Finest Wie pires fi umi 2: = dq m
For: ‘Lawns, Fruits, F lowers inb e | Fur Seat, Seedlings ur. Plante write! us,- — d$ s Rata bist’ 1524 "Telephone : 1055. Addiseimle. .
Vegetables. NDA LEM sup | Mont v the: Gin. for Seedlings. Lint Sree. us s SOUTH LONDON
- INSECTICIDES - tuu LR M IE d Oh o4 W. FORSYTH f E] | HORTICULTURAL STORES.
.- Fer all kinds ot pests and | filth. : | 2 — Ploricultacise, = Bi
=e ee 1| H SCOTT & SONS
: FUNGICIDES. || : B OE
For. — ወመ. 1,665: and qoe ::.: 74.88 _ WOODSIDE, 8. E. 25.
À voutdonss, | TM ; : ንድ 1 doi ed * 55 s '
| የበብርለዘገ5 . eRe ee re RUN, EE Sus
NE use. indec TAS and in the e soil PRL ECE ce .: 1B
GARDEN REQUISITES 2 f: ገ “ዳይ ሌሉ 1 —
: = “OF all descriptions. . TO D pest d 2 ies "NA —8 1፡ dó: E x» n
ZEE c Complete Wnsirated — if deb dif "d :.| E — eai H : — — SN 1 -ሽ 25 0: 6. =
peel as ።ም see a ; | ፡..ዳ to OY aes መመር:
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— Tn ተመ p ae sir v Xii 3,8 4122 7 ERES FN ESS E ARR m Mr see ates ብ! oa
JOSEPH” BENTLEY, አዘ. — ba ree ee INE. INSEI
: SIN IE dA SD de ‘sorts MCOTINE INSECTICIDE
| Chemia Wahh, Barrow-on-Humber, a ፡ ji — ደ ፡ a galls: 67; 6; o gatis. ie

For settee án ar (Rs. Ls pus dressing. For d
esc, 8-7 jewt, 8; 38 bs, 5888 wp.

This preparation wil) be fatiad very vitective for thick po.
ening the “werd: wod encadcaxinz th» grosas: ul) [Doo
—— Use daisies Amt ihr: wirds — ———— iili
189. We sene. Me dumme. dus Alt Garriqns Paid RI
1 ም. iiaii he paar mosy — iranian: ne $61:
1 feature ol the gres, apd hoipes tiir 12899 to keep ther P.
8 cotout Ju: ary. &eusons. - — be sed. at RETE 929801: -
i: cats m. : 20 hae H ze 40 twi d ysi: $ fon, sti: : eae

i Cartage Pak xU
— ree በ9656. dor Gras Alan Ter Pak Park toni. d

። ; The: 90. tice. በርየ ላው Tet 4፡79: — 3 EF E :
፤ ር81. 20/-; I0 ewt., di ton, 8. ላቨ — የ, Bor

id

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j 221. uuu cuoco SI TES EHE: GARDENERS RON ቿ RE MANU EM

— — —— — — À Le Pte | *

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ንኪ — — — ROB ey eS FRESH eta a
: AER Sy እ መዊ ahah; SOCAL ያው ER
“ተፎ Cricket — ለፍ e Me Did PX, AN NM
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enolosed report thet. mof èti Wowgr.
585 beeu 8. pret ባ5 የ5225 nb ok Saring
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Ony grount hee heen eslecteà for 5 `
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exoull ait 698315108፥ SAS: is 852657 Aus
fo your xw&dhina.-

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at Olypian leet month =- ang neve s. —— DE
Aeefist 355 - a KT
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/5, 966. reed owe. to met ode, Dat ooxid me phy. |...
ey 1916232308 56 ww ary not & ridh eint |. | ;
Ad MMC hot run to 6 * MUNA 28%. VD ei

———

* pou tours traly,

de ከ: — judi Gm is Secretory: x “ene: 9 many ^
202 Creche. Clubs nung he AFCO- › Motor Mower’. expresses. his
ol gopuion.- mo qiu -matline. - bet ^n — ATCO clams by
arranging A ከፎ 15/89/8098. 29 729፻ awn gtuis withoiit ‘obligation, 7
።:. .. 1616ርከ £50 [3 inch Model £75 ; 30 inch Model, £95 | . "
PARU Maget, 'ersousiiv. delivered. ‘Guarantesd az መዳ. ያ አዬ Teo
— 82. Cash in seven days, | A6

rue 2 45 oi iho fake, ü rio € fi their Duns skonta aen lor free pon: Boakiets i civ
Turf Needa" and Notes of Praise!

5 CHAS. H. PUGH, lipid
3 : ፡ ርኛ — — — Road, BIRMINGHAM.

ai ei ii m aes |

—

uu. Ner La
h^ y

Weep. ane . ሪ.
F KILL THE WEEDS E
JN ONE ACTION AN

At uc Grow: of the year “your
ae will, greatly” benefit: if
| ክመ. with 3

-COOPERS LAWN ”

FINEST IN THE WORLD

- Renovation w
i Lawns and Sporta -
| ` Grounds. .

— — ar the. ap ik of Spring, 1
x Si -EOT those having charge of Lawns and
SI Sports: Grounds will be advised to.

. Sfhequadied he: | Ors
— —— ani, ‘Riches, s a
AT 3) 6) ee 1... UN
- "Sie aud. Substance’ ol p xd
3 Nion of Growth: atid: Freedom: of TAS

which: kills Daisies, Buttercups, |
‘Plantains, Moss, &c.; acts as 3. |
lawn food and assists growth | "o7pmepeet their ‘Turf carefully and.
and distribution ho the: Fer. SẸ | prepare to renovate those portions |
MAS Ws Basa. yn du CENA NE ከ596. suffered 04081. t severely

tenerae PRO |

- Upright - Seeme ands: ጩክ Y
E ሲጋ:
Earliness and gon "enti

= PLANTS READY NOW

| Strong, 8፡ል8ከ5፡ aud Ninots, “with
Pures abd ovr. legem. “Splenriliy-

E sb. D 3 i ps p m GE Potin did Pikec at Suttons - ከ004, — tor የ“ ይ s
oe oe fe ae — — . Mistures ot Grass Seeds for Lawns: CRIMSON, ethene 1 WHITE

2 and of Suttons Complete Grass.
DOP: sk z= Fertiliser on ‘appheation, - zem
E i the. grassi 2 t prevents ፍ ን መ be ey f Enquiries are inr ited, and we /6ሀ be pleased. e 5:9.
“hard. i level surface being spoilt SL sod ንክስ ጫክ የ y. For ናደ dus DU RU
is nd-casis; 006 ንሲ ግ d udaednr Dip ARDS መጤ .፡]
sr a By mngeastsi o — eo eee eee ces A sansi
| ዶጸፎ።፣ i 2 tb. s UP db. LS T4 Ib. 3. : * ዜ a. pee: , Tus Bui. Beedámet, -
(86. lè: dum. RC db. MES: TORT E m Rendin.. E

— wid Ts ems fati —

LE COOPER &. T. Lu. | E n

with ROSE | SANE — ርጋ si Af-
der, 50ዐ('- doo. CMIXED, 2/6 d ey
pa 100. . “SCARLET ier: 244656)
፡ 8 dor, 57/6 100.

lal is dime ee AMA asni ከያ

-anting aryal im perfeó oondition.
Packing aed Postage. chargnd A. cos. -

ORDER NOW. IMMEDIATE: Dr
Clibrans Li — =r Allincha am

ni i vine ni jii | ከዘ

ው ር.

> ber D ረር

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BERKHAMSTED.

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APRIL 11, 1925.

THE
No. 1998. —cSATURDAY, APRIL 11,
CONTENTS.
Hardy flower border—
Alpines from seeds... 250 Hemerocallis ... TEL ri

Alpine Garden— |

Bellis rotundifolia Indoor plants—
v del TT ` opr " s v1 8
coerulescens —— Bignonia and Tecoma 250
Saxifraga oppositi- à i " 258
folia alba ... mE Magnolia pumila E ouo
: 4 Mosses, the study of... 257
The st. Helena : Á Ns
Violet, f 249 Pearson, Mr. Charles E. 246
Bees and Ajiple ferti- | Pinetum. a national ... 245
lisation 2" . 258 Potato breeding Gn 256
Books, notices of— | Rose Garden, the—
Tu m Year M 246 Roses and Violas ... 247
The Enemies of the , i MN
Rose es * - 256 Slugs ... ... "PT 246
Botanical Survey of Societies—
the Empire, a ... 243 Falmouth = Spring
Canadian Horticultural Flower Show... 260
Council’s Gold Medal Guildford and Dis-
award for 1924 ,.. 24) trict Gardeners’ ... 258
ee ed A MR Instow Spring Flower 258
Carnation Baroness de — Münéhester and North
Brienen... n .. 258 |

of England Orchid 258

Clematises, the wild 253 Royal Horticultural 254
Colour planning of the Squirrels in Scottish
garden ... 3 ህቱ woodlands .... ... 247
Cyrtanthus ር ... 251 Trees and shrubs—
Fruit. register— Choisya ternata ... IM
Pear Comte de Paris 257 The Camellia ... e. ሠን
“ Gardeners’ Chronicle ” Week's work, the ... 248
seventy-five years ago 247 Wolverhampton Floral
Garden in antiquity, the 252 Fete ... sir ... 2D
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Clematis macropetala ... "m
Cyrtanthus Galpinii ... TE one 385 em Wu 251
Pear Comte de Paris ... — 25 ae $6 ... 257
Pearson, Mr. Charles E., portrait of — n ... 346
Rose beds with Violas as a groundwork ees e. MT
Saxifrage oppositifolia alba |... ን "T — ... 249
AVERAGE MEAN TEMPERATURE for the ensuing week

deduced from observotions during the last fifty
years at Greenwich, 47.17,

ACTUAL TEMPERATURE—
The Gardeners’ Chronicle Otice, 5,
Covent Garden, London,
10 am. Bar. 208, temp. 49

Tavistock Street,
Tuesday, April 7,
Weather, Fogev.

THE most important and
fruitful subject dealt with at
the recent Imperial Botanical
Congress was the promotion
of a complete botanical survey
of the different parts of the Empire. The
subject was introduced by Dr. Hill, who
deplored the fact that few among our
younger botanists were carrying on the fine
tradition of botanical exploration handed
down by a lony line of distinguished British
botanists. As a consequence, for a Briton
to learn of the vegetation of Australia, he
must needs read the accounts of American,
German, or Czecho-Slovakian botanists ; if
he desires to know fully the botany of our
own West Indian Islands the student must
turn to American sources ; and should he want
to acquire recent information on the botany
of the Falklands and Antarctic Islands he
must consult the work of a Swedish botanist.
It is true that in many parts of the Empire,
India, Ceylon, the Union of South Africa,
New Zealand, and other parts of the Empire,
scientists have made, and are still making,
notable contributions to botanical knowledge,
but the fact remains that ''the harvest is
great but thelabourers are few." By no means
al the blame for this state of affairs rests
with the botanists themselves, albeit some
does. The spirit of adventure, if imperious
enough, might drive the young botanist
enthusiastic for exploration to find means---
as it drove Wallace and Bates to. pursu

A Botanieal
Survey of
the Empire.

THE

GARDENERS’

their avocation. That restless spirit seems
to have been subdued in these days, or if
not subdued to have taken forms other than
the desire ‘‘ for to see and to behold." The
major part of the blame for this neglect to
catalogue and describe the chief possessions
of the Empire must be laid upon our rulers.
In their great and numerous preoccupations
there is never time to consider fundamental
far-off things, and although to our know-
ledge one recent Colonial Secretary was fully
alive to the importance of a botanical survey
of the Empire nothing came of it. Nor will
anything ever come of the project unless
the aspirations expressed by the recent
Botanical Conference are supported vigorously
by botanists within the Empire. As Dr. Hill
pointed out, a complete botanical survey of
the Empire is a work which must extend
over many years, and include not only the
svstematics of plants but also enquiry into,
and investigation of, their economic import-
ance. If the survey is to be made on
svstematic lines it will be necessary no longer
to rely on the voluntary labour of private
individuals, by which so much of our existing
knowledge of floras has been acquired,
but on adequatelv-trained botanists, for the
information required for a proper survey
needs to be both extensive and precise. This
method was emploved by Germany before the
war in her East African colonies and in the
Cameroons. Fortunately, not a few parts
of the Empire are keenly alive to the import-
ance of this work, and in not a few cases
have taken steps to promote it. It must not
be supposed that because the comprehensive
survey which is so much to be desired has not
been undertaken as a whole, that nothing or
little has been done to collect, describe, and
make known the botanical resources of the
Empire. On the contrary, much has been
done and there are but few parts of the
Empire, floras of which are not in existence.
In this work, Kew has, as is right and
proper, played a leading and stimulating
part, and there can be no doubt but that if
ever the comprehensive survey be undertaken
it should be inspired and directed from Kew,
save, of course, in those parts of the Empire
which have the trained staff to do it them-
selves. For example, as Dr. Pole Evans
observed at the Conference, the Union of
South Africa has been engaged in a botanical
survey for the past six years. General Botha,
a keen agriculturist, instituted it, and General
Smuts, an enthusiastic botanist, who keeps
abreast of all branches of botanical discovery,
fostered it. Thanks to the South African
botanists, Bolus, Bews, Marloth, Schenland,
and others, the survey is making good pr-
gress. New Zealand botanists also have
made remarkable contributions to the survey
of their islands, and their work serves as a
model to other countries of how it should be
done. India also has done magnificently ;
but, as Dr. Pole Evans points out, when we
consider the enterprise shown by America in
botanical exploration we cannot fail to realise,
whilst being :greeably aware of the extent
of our own efforts, that we are leaving
undone many botanical things that ought
to be done; and that should stimulate us
to do them.

Lord Lambourne.—-We very
learn that Lord Lambourne is seriously ill
with influenza and bronchitis, and was un-
able to be present at the Royal Horticultural
Societys meeting on Tuesday last. Gur
readers will join with us 11 wishing Lord
Lambourne, who is in his 78th year, a speedy
recovery from his indisposition.

much regret to

CHRONICLE.

245

A National Pinetum.—In a discussion fol-
lowing & paper on ‘Modern Atmospheric
Conditions" delivered before the Royal
Society of Arts by Dr. J. S. Owens, Super-
intendent of the Advisory Committee on
Atmospheric Pollution, Air Ministry, Meteoro-
logical Office, Dr. Arthur W. Hill, Director
of the Roval Botanic Gardens, Kew, stated
that the effect of the sooty deposit on
Conifers at Kew was so bad that the
Forestry Commission had given an area of
land at Bedgebury, near ‘Tunbridge Wells,
for the purpose of forming a national col-
lection of Conifers, where the trees would
be comparatively free from the effects of the
London smoke.

Wolverhampton Floral Féte.—The thirty-third
Wolverhampton Floral Fete will be held in
the West Park, Wolverhampton, on Tuesday,
Wednesday, and Thursday, July 14th, 15th,
and l6th, when silver cups, gold, silver and
bronze medals, and cash prizes to the value
of over a £1,000 will be offered for com-
petition. The schedule, now ready, contains
eighty-six classes covering a wide range of
horticultural subjects. The principal class is
for a display of miscellaneous plants and
flowers grouped for effect on a space not to
exceed twenty-five feet by twelve fect, and
the prizes offered are £40, £30, £20, and £10
respectively, making a total of a £100 for
this class alone. For a group of plants not

in flower the first prize is £20, while for
fifteen specimen plants the awards are
£10 10s. Od., £7, and £4 respectively. Two

other important classes are those for a group
of tuberous-rooted and fibrous-rooted Begonias,
and for a collection of cut Roses. |n the
latter class the flowers must be arranged on
a space of twenty-four feet by four feet,
height practically unlimited, and the prizes
offered are £20, £12, £8, and £4 respectively.
Such popular subjects as Carnations, Antir-
rhinums, Lupins, alphiniums, and Sweet
Peas are catered for and liberal prizes are
offered. while there is a considerable number
of classes provided for vegetables, with other
sections for cottagers and allotment holders

and for floral decorations. lIn connection
with the Silver Challenge Cup, valued at
fifty guineas, offered for the best non-
competitive exhibit, it is interesting to notice

that this trophy becomes the property of any

competitor who wins it three times in
succession or four times in all. Messrs.
Bakers of Wolverhampton won it in 1923
and in 1924, and are the only firm who

has won it twice since it was first competed
for in 1910.

Colour Planning of the
Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll, has
presented the Women’s Farm and Garden
Association with a copy of Colour Planning

Garden.—H . R.H.

of the Garden, by Mr. George Tinley,
Associate Editor of The Gardeners’ Chronicle,
Mr. Thomas Humphreys, Curator of the
Birmingham Botanie Gardens, and Mr.
Walter Irving, Assistant Curator of the
Botanic Gardens, Kew. The Princess has

inserted a note on the fly-leaf to the effect
that the gift is from herself as President of
the Association. This work is a welcome
addition to the Association's lending library.

Canadian Horticultural ^ Council's Gold
Medal Award for 1924.—4 Toronto corres-
pondent informs us that Mr. Archibald
Gilchrist, Runnymede Road, Toronto, Ontario,

Canada. has been awarded the Canadian
Horticultural Council's Gold Medal for the
best production for 1924. This is Gladiolus

Lady Byng, a hybrid of G. primulinus and (1.

America. 11 is decidedly graceful in appear-
ance and of a delicate and most refined
shade of shell- pink. The arrangement of
the flowers on the stem is good, and the

hooded character of
15 stated that

blooms are without the
the strict primulinus type. It
the beauty and elegance of the individual
blooms of this variety cannot be excelled.
Gladiolus Lady Byng is very vigorous, grow-
ing about four feet high, with five or six

56.

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7 *

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ni — Mr. Gilchrist has peut. the - 1855.
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p World's | — — 35 ገ ae:
i srevment. het ween: Aha international Justituté-

Clos Wurde. -Fürestry "Congress; to take: ince
te 8. 88086. 5 te) May, |1929.-፣ Tho
artara this” “ponimitlac . Spats. AR, iu
: [ሀ nente ^ AK.
ovv Howe, aud hs commitiec: bs etapo as
as follows : Praden Proto: tige. - JBerpioch |
Director! ‘ot thes 89491. 8) ከ ር Y"
Agricnitiee^ and. Rrvekity ብኩ. Florence,
| rnemiber: nk the 31ዘ|ዘህኔዕ Stover irent. pees
pees vise j M Anders | ተብ... “Didegate’ ህየ.
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ideas

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; America. An tht: Tüstitüte.. 4; The: Congress will
ane domtfier - experts 80 Forestry and the -

::..:.. Haber: cand callied -
gt rhe world cand
pba “probtable: — will he: reached: dhroundh-
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250

THE

GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE,

Avmin 11, 1925

an average Sweet Violet. The plant is also
less robust than most kinds of V. odorata,
of which it is presumably a form. The leaves
are small, and with us it is slow to make
runners, and these are equally slow 10
root.

The St. Helena Violet does not appear to
be in commerce, and this ig odd seeing
that it is both distinct and very charming.
What its origin is and why it has been
given the name it bears some reader may
be able to state. .4. T. J.

ALPINES FROM SEEDS.

M. COoRREvON'S notes on seed.raising in the
issue for March 14 (page 180), are, as usual,
full of interest, but the atmospheric conditions
which prevail at Ch^ne- Bourg are very
different from those we have in England, and
I feel convinced that English gardeners
anxious to raise choice alpines from seeds
would do well to pay rather more attention
to composts for the seed pans than M.
Correvon appears to think necessary. All
plants which hail from rocky crevices, and
many from the alpine turf (since rock is
often very near the surface), must, in nature,
force their way, as tiny seedlings, into
minute rocky fissures, and we' should expect
these kinds to appreciate the provision of
natural or artificial rock in the seed compost.
Practice certainly supports theory in this
respect—at least so far as our own climate
i3 concerned—but I have found broken pot-
sherds cleaner and more satisfactory than
broken sandstone or limestone, and yet
exceedingly porous. For encrusted Saxifrages
and other lime-loving kinds, about two parts
of crushed potsherds, one part of old mortar
rubble or calcined oyster-shell, and half a
part each of peat and turfy loam will form
a suitable compost; all the ingredients should
be passed through a quarter-inch mesh sieve.
For other saxatile plants, which have no
liking for, or even an aversion to, lime, the
mortar rubble should be omitted, and a little
more peat and loam may be allowed, though
I have proved that these rock-haunting species
will germinate and grow in a compost nine-
tenths of which 18 stone chippings or fragments

of potsherd.
It is, no doubt, true that seeds will
germinate and the seedlings make good

progress for a ‘time in composts which would
not avail to keep the adult plants in health
The behaviour of Saxifraga florulenta, as
described by M. Correvon himself (The Garden,
May 6, 1922, page 217) may be taken as a
case in point. "Plants of this species in their
habitat in the Alps Maritimes can only survive
to maturity in the face of the granite cliff,
but seeds germinate on the detritus below,
and young plants may be collected. therefrom
and acclimatised in a shady, dry wall The
detritus, however, is very stony, and to that
extent resembles the rooting medium of the
plant's proper station. I once experimented
with seeds of Saxifraga lantoscana, sowing as
nearly as possible equal quantities of seed in
two pans, one containing ordinary light seed
compost and the other soil specially made up
in the way already described. From the pan
of ordinary compost perhaps a dozen seedlings
survived to be pricked off. The other pan
was “alive” with seedlings and, had 1
wanted them, I could probably have pricked
off more than a thousand plants.

I have found that Sphagnum is very useful
for raising sceds and growing on plants of
moisture-loving species, such as the various
Pinguiculas, the bog Gentians, etc., and it is
also useful, just over the drainage, as a
moisture retainer or * sponge,“ but L incline
to think that broken potsherds retain moisture
equally well, and they never. settle unevenly,
causing surface irregularity, as, unless very
tightly pressed, the Sphagnum is apt to do;
and tizhtly-wadded) Sphagnum cannot absorb
much moisture.

Of the advantages of inmediate sowing and
of top-dressing the seed-pans with snow (when
available) there ean be no two opinions. As
regards the harvesting. of seeds, 1 feel sure
that many gardeners would get better, or at

any rate quicker germnation, if they harvested

their seeds before they were dead ripe; this
applies to shrub seeds as well as to those
of herbaceous and alpine plants. But, of

course, seeds not fully ripened must be sown
forthwith, since the induration of the skin
and complete ripening of the tissue are
necessary to safeguard the germ during storage.
R. V. G. W.

BELLIS ROTUNDIFOLIA COERULESCENS.

Tuis delightful little Daisy from Northern
Africa is, indeed, a gem, and invites affection
if only because it has the appearance at
first sight of being a pale mauve variety of
our native field Daisy.

The colour is somewhat variable, passing
from white to palest blue with mauve and
lavender shades. The flowers are about as
large as those of the common Daisy; the
leaves are slightly hairy with slender stalks,
about two or three inches long.

A little suspicion has been cast upon its
hardiness, but here, on the Cotswolds, it
has withstood several winters, increasing
quickly and flowering freely for the greater
part of the year, at any rate, from early
spring to late autumn.

The plant grows freely in well-drained
loam and on a sunny ledge will spread
rapidly, while it is a beautiful plant for the
alpine house. It was introduced from
Morocco in 1872 and is figured in Bot. Mag.
tab. 6015. Ralph E. Arnold.

INDOOR PLANTS.

BIGNONIA AND TECOMA.

BiaNoNIA and Tecoma are closely allied,
the difference consisting chiefly in the parti-
tion of the fruit, the capsule of Bignonia
being septifragal and in Tecoma _ loculicidal.
They are amongst the most beautiful flowering
climbing plants grown and do well either in
a greenhouse or conservatory. Some of the
species require a warm temperature whilst
others need only the conditions of an ordinary
cool glass house. They mostly produce their
flowers from well ripened buds of-the previous
year’s growths. If the wood is well hardened
during the summer the plants will flower
freely on short shoots, the season of bloom-
ing being autumn and winter. The plants
are not subject to insect pests as are
many other climbers.

After flowering, all the
should be cut out to
light and air to ripen
are retained. T

A few species such as Tecoma Smithii,
may be grown as pot plants. This
attractive species bears bright yellow flowers
freely and when grown in pots is invaluable
for autumn and winter decoration of the
mansion, conservatory, or public halls. T.
Smithii is a hybrid raised in Australia
between Tecoma velutina and T, capensis
and is easily propagated by cuttings of half-
ripened wood in the spring. Procure good,
strong shoots as cuttings, insert them singly
in small pots in sandy soil and placo them

weakly growths
admit plenty of
the shoots that

under a hand.light or frame over slight
bottom heat. When roots have formed pot
them on as required, but care must ከር

taken not to over-pot them, as they do not
succeed well if over-potted ; moreover, the
soil gets wet and sodden. Should large
flower heads be required tho growth should
be restricted to a strong, single stem; ዘ
bushy specimens are preferred. the plant should
be stopped once or twice and several shoots
allowed to develop. This Tecoma does best
under perfectly cool treatment, in fact it is
an Advantage to stand or plunge the plants
eut-of-door in ashes during the summer in
a sheltered situation, shaded from tho bright

suns rays. The best soil for this hybrid is
a mixture consisting of two-thirds good.
turfy loam, one-third. good fibrous. peat or

leaf-mould, with a little decayed cow manure

and silver sand added. The pots should le
well. drained.
Tecoma capensis produces clusters oi

orange-scarlet flowers. It makes a good pot
plant and should be treated similarly to
T. Smithii. This also is a good indoor
climber.

T. jasminoides has white flowers streaked
with rose; T. grandiflora is a beautiful
plant for the cool conservatory or it may
be grown out-of-doors in a warm, sheltered
spot against a south wall, but it needs
protection during severe weather. This species
bears clusters of orange-scarlet flowers in
late. summer.

T. radicans major is another free-flowering
variety and is a beautiful picture when
covered. with clusters. of its scarlet flowers.
It may be planted in a cool conservatory
or grown against a warm, south wall out-
of-doors in the south and west of England,
but it requires a little protection from severe
frost.

All the Bignonias are neat climbers” and
may be allowed to ramble up the roof-
rafters and cover the roof of the conservatory.
Some of them require. only just sufficient
artificial warmth to ward off frost, such as
B. speciosa, which has pink blooms stained
with purple, and B. buccinatoria (syn. Cherere)
with orange coloured flowers.

The following species need a temperature
of about 60-65^; if grown in a higher tem-
perature than this. they will. make gross
growth at the expense of flowering :--Big-
nonia capreolata which has orange-coloured
flowers; B. littoralis a fine red-flowered
species; and B. magnifica which has mauve
to purplish-crimson flowers.

There are many others, but these
best for general purposes.

If grown in an excessively dry atmosphere
or near heated pipes the plants are subject to
attacks of red spider and thrip; syringing
the plants two or three times daily will
serve to keep both these pests in check.

In planting climbers make sure that the
ground is properly prepared in advance.
Clear away two or three barrow loads of
the old loam and substitute good soil. Use
clean. crocks or brick rubbish for drainage
and on this place a layer of rough siftings
from the compost to prevent the soil from
getting sour or sodden. The soil for planting
should consist of a good, rough mixture
comprised of turfy loam two-thirds, fibrous
peat or leaf-mould one-third, with silver sand
added. See that the surroundings are
thoroughly clean and free from insects. Should
the plants be well rooted to the pot, loosen the
soil and gradually free the roots, but be
careful not to break them. Guard against
planting the stem too decply. John Heal, V.M.H.

ACHIMENES.
Tursk charming plants are useful for

furnishing the greenhouse during the summer
and autumn and it is surprising they are

are the

not more generally used for this purpose.
They may be raised from seeds, but it is
more usual to grow the named varieties,

and these are increased by means of the scaly
rhizomes, which are stored in a dry state
during the winter. They may be put directly
into 48-sized pots, or shallow pans; if this
is done they require very careful watering
until they are growing freely. The usual
method is to lay them out in shallow boxes
in leaf-mould and sand, and when the shoots
have grown some two inches long, to arrange
them in pots or pans according to require-
ments.

Such large-growing species as A. longiflora
and its varieties require six-inch pots, and
they make fine specimens in eight-ineh or
nine-inch pans. Some of the more slender-
growing sorts, such as ላ. coccinea, are very

effective when made up into baskets. All of
them require. ample drainage, a light, rich
compost, and eareful watering until they
have well filled their pots with roots when
they enjoy frequent applications of diluted
liquid. manure and soot. water.

During their season of active growth,

ላህ. 11. 156 የመ TIE GARDENE ASS CHRON K ER I vii

- CHRISANTHEMUMS |

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NU tin dinis sii stima ao OU iusta itm

wt
Tags

x T For GREENHOUSE and GARDEN —
= ED Fine. trang. Plante Ready Now Nip
= $1 „GREENHOUSE FLOWERING -
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E Gb a Detra arioties, d^ 4. — uti, Be አ
E: ቸ Ed4 4 = Single Marites df» — P6
= : — CHRYSANTBEMUMS FOR GARDEN
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== |ቺ 4 —J— ር * os BAIN * M ፥ |
= | NO ዓዘ] RAM 12. Fs "Niveles" ab. 19፡4. 10 NT j^
EC ene CIE Bf 42 Pine Varieties ui 1925,09 0

E ጋንን — he Cerena iia ote Ted ihe e pu een ቁ mes ው.

Rm 2 scientifically serrated, there i 6. — ut: “skidding, whilst: de carchully eusded | : XS

4 mer Dingle Varieties, 4”

| 5» AH LI A 5.

da Cit — በ varieties), ds

| RS Decorative, WEISE A NE TIMES, ey SENG እ
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$2 Step Bl os:
d ፲2. Coltness Gn. chet aoi deett. Red

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docked, ar vll." ERES : :

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= VD I TEMA IQ UK Pe —— Dahlia, Ti

X Made: 649808: for tee “reliable, did geo-

= | ህክ ደካ e ame M ater: gait S ‘Governor " TER SI F U c H S I A 8, me ei

>>. ut do ve edP 2.52. [! ይጣ ፡ “Fine Varieties of Fuchsias; UG. Bs — en
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= li : es — EN um jer በ! amount: o dor — | cu

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= 2 . ህህ-‹“-፡ 2| | Sees ከ መመመ

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E > = 5:,8'ዛ(78:3.. =

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= tin oV P ዘሰ! 44 x E3 “The. Nurseries.”

= JOHN SHAW & 50:8 WOLVERHAMPTON. LTD. (Dea: We Stl: cA RDIFF —

on pit id Wn ee w OLVE ERHAM PTON. ብክ]! (795. E eimi tX

— ከመኸ ^ < - መመ ML faa Ee H: ^ X KA 4 E

vES'! WYDRANGRA MAD! t ግብዙ በሁ) Y 3 secuti
and glorious ደ Se that gives real enjoyment toda 1
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longer, በ86. aré inore. effective in the mrecnhouer- ar.
ጸባ eu unt an UNE anb. The: colours APE ዜ *
prise and a "delight, ranging from: w Vite: miye «ntt ay
pink, et piak, roe pink. deep D: ንደር ane Sfor QU AL 11 ፲ Y. 1 m
Tasyo Ted, clear red, biüe, thate Duds blocs on old |. uu
— pic: Phat ME ae Turtderute- primarie: with Ahi ^1 Wa pik’ — the past: jew genre. tuge nd W PETN DISCE
gre deecrstive. value E ar as robutas- Ther ahos the Hiest extiibits ur Garden | Produce ever seen: in :

“Angst ‹ክከከዩር፡06. 18 ፣ Ehe word, uid wood werom d= |. Reottand and haye readived The Highest awards. meading 1 |.
co vie sar Püquirie tror all whe Arc interested e 115-- | We Gol, Medal ofthe Royal Horticultural Socletys We dE
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THE E SCOTCH | SEED. ‘HOUSE im

“WEED KILLER n
s LU SAND

pee fold 2465] sido Amadian Exhibition.

i à | Peu, ዳክ1](7ከ[)ህ886. cud ul other Flower Seeds, ፣ክዛከቢ |. |
D vn Abend sue NA s — — d: ብ. eo Copie fre 5 | |” Balter m ie maie x 25 gallons, 3i-, tn tor
AD Aetivered free for: ር:ጸከ with, omer ES E F “AD STIN A M e Á SL AN, | iB I vu An dca des (oan Pei carriage
: à . ie , > 2 ሦ ላ ሰቱ oD. $
l ፡ Reni for Catalan... CP. መ 94, - MCE "STKEET, ‘GLASGOW x Sat ጨጨ HEIDI 60. — — “ KERT..
D 4 sont, LEON m ፳ህ88፪6(፪5. ደነባ]8ቨለጃ sae 5 OR ች | ይጠወበህሪሪ UiT veji: — — —

eet a ek a ree ^ Ur £ ‘ —8 ዱ ቀ ND VON. ተ
S መታ. PEL 3

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MA ak STANISTREET ‘bart “Supply fiw kelig:
|, young plants; práperly- selected. amd. packed by.
TN ns Aperte dram her-unique vera af. “over:

M

— — ND Rg md 155. ማጽ ግ ‘Po € xir: እርም Si) ot
of Seil. Fertility eu oe d uU See * — —

=b Reep: the: sail supplie, win hie TUI visor 6 Bags — 2 f i is we Eu
COE essential. elements «putugen. i ፡
si: phates and potash: ze iy — — ል ‘Sweet Pes Hanae: j
Pues propduiims: i ልቄሌጌ» እእ1ጊ1 d A 2185 itr, va Ibs: am 25 11. s ;
VO SL ABO: - ኮ።ርር0ህፎጩ. cari: be. "relied: jc : E m NORE ድጂነየ3- cal, are HRN, a FS free 5
A diim: io: give: ‘the ‘bear results, with pay 2
rt | ይርሰበህጠኛ. uar: fall: ponani with: AU EE wa

Mb thafactiters:

ja UE S ONU

S nu c co ፲ዘ፳ (M DE X ERS Re D RON ዘ! LE epee ee

——

ውው |

E NOTES FROM MAID:
ST ONE.

= de the. ለምን 42. ssl a so
~ open spring planting is is
= now being actively አያ = A
put, and. we can ges H
immediate delivery. of HE
Fruit T: pees and Standard | i$

— ፡..:.. ] : m Abel. ው የ i NE E |
: — us DER oe et a CER መ EE Y complete 81 — Fernimes ን Pady. teks 54
Aainsining UE ju ER CECB I LIU Y Wei 2:0: ep i4 the. sb. ES ine Bis. * ths. 5:1.

xf -ለኮጠ ‘Hop: Manere-
P — maintain the 8 aka amy 50007. Substitute for Stable Minnie: Bü bon. ሐመ
eis garden. or Allotment,’ it: AB ec essary BN P ae -, Bag Gabout 4 bushels} y. a 3 Bags labout 1 yi hushehsi-
He. Bue iur.

/ phos. Nu * AR bushels} pus

xe nlt uou —
—— —

m A UR x iba:

"X ከመት

eis (APA Pass Maum E e WE
da dba. au 38. nex gi "i abs 33/6, ud
tge WEEE IMBRE fonum quad. x.

` tk: 5a ;

— — a
= eee ሚማ fep

ሠገረ à or —

| | Wwe “need hardly say. these 3

Bi ዕ afe all of our own

| ኮም! ሥሠ and not imported
BO iSe Jer re-sale.. * Y:

ae | RS 0M A N 4 5ይ 1 በከበዘል Manure Chrysuntiemum: Menge;
ደ ee ለ. አሠበ E EA ee MM Abel: E see Insecticide |.
| (bol Patent. Syringes, Spracing “Machines, White | -

መመ ‘on ‘Gare den: Peto 9 —— Abol Dd ከበይ — 4
| Sree tet Pow — BÀ SA Bie ; dE

Ey,

uU | ይመ Folders. BOAT Abel 8ሹ-ያጩ ....፡. EN Erw ah, "and Dwarf Roses, of MW
EC ተ ነሪ S Packages. th sand: 19: 4. ee zT 146. r4 Ibs: — Mx
arta —— ጋች — — bs ths. 6/5. ፳6 764. E. xt PY 154 i: ; af ostage ‘extra. which we have E "ane

n. 4

Be BUNYAKD & Co: Lr, A
3 “The Royal- Nurseries, EE
MAIDSTONE 1አላ

| dean ብው to ghe < Sar Proms and d RY

Abal Limited - AS
39, ብዜ Paádack Weed, ን 3

0088፪5 PLANTS |

| ከለክከና ‘SCOT CH. GROWN.

አ requiring ‘Ex EE Au
Dahlias, Pansies, Violas, Hardy Her.
bacéous- andi Alpine Plants ehauld- RP JEN
consult. Qut. Plane: Catalogue, fur. Ei
Free: 68 application. : : GHI

Mong “Mention: this. Papec. pers

DOR & CO. LTD.
| Kings | Seedsmen 2 EDI NBURGH.

— "XA * zs Av a 5 Exo pc — == E
"ያ REN - EE ር DAL USA ES KEY MA
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9.3. TO RANG: 34 bu dong

Strong. Sheet Zine. No Rust.
9ኬፊ aiden: luto ጠይ and M mecured by torut 4880. EAR.
(86 latter AY. | —

ህዚ ብሪ | white sertar Oi writs wpiiterates H —— —
ans 4፻'ዕቆይቓ und weter 'ህዩ. | oag sea ከላ MOT SAK. 85: usce

if . ABSOLUTELY. WEATHERPROOF. x
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— 139.

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YXIOLETS

4. ‘alan rhe Seve Sd —— ሚከ one. ——
hints. an. etdture. uds Xe. ‘best -yarieties du ~ Ferje:

| Yowering Carats. Sent post Irée of Tequext MI

* i
— a 1 — ታ KEITH LUXFORD ጨ Co.
iss "Drenovë Bist ዘመ... wipes Wo eur MIU NER — | Shearing’ Nurseries, HARLOW, ESSEX. |
| 856ርጄዉዴወ | — CLARE. | a REANO OSEE — — —— Het qa

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| a with n float scapi about twa tock በክቪጽ, Evbidays ettet towers “The d ng stray. dented የ ፡ pecie.
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Ds ii eolit vàricgéted with. in 4ባ88፣ሂርሂዬ rest end ነ a ከ2 zn f —— TRES 617: ስሲቂና ን qp NRI. "üd s Sls — te Se
| A —— zo m ናኛ Lenin mediis, —— 14. E pity: Abuse,
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PL ACH ND pacer Bovari * Atti: > ብ — — የ፡8/6% 86 ore
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252

——

. EDITORIAL NOTIOES. "n

— — should. be sent to the
. PUBLISHER, 5,.. Tavistock. Street,. Covent
. Garden, . W.C.2.

Editors and Publisher.—Qur —— would |

obviate delay in oblaining answers to their communi-
cations, ani sare us much tine and trouble, if they would
kindly observe the notice printed weekly to t. * effect that
all Letters relating to financial matters and vo advertise-
ments should be addressed to the PUBLISHER ; and that
all communications intended for publication or referring
to the literary department. and all plants to be named
should be directed to the lóprTORS. The two departments,
Publishing and Editorial, are distinct, and much un-
necessary delay and confusion arise when, letters are
misdirected,

Letters fcr Publication as well as specimens of plants
for naming, should be addressed to the EDITORS,
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, London.
ommunications should be WRITTEN ON ONE SIDE
ONLY OF THE PAPER, sent as early in the week as
possible, and duly signed by the writer. If desired, the
signature will not be printed, but kept as a guarantee of
good faith.

Idustrations.— Te Editors will be glad to receive and to
select photographs or drawings suitable for We inii
of gardens, or of remarkable flowers. trees, etc., but t they
cannot be responsible for loss or injury.

Newspapers .—Correspondents sending newspapers should
be careful to mark the paragraphs they wish the Editors

see.

Urgent | Communioations.—7// sent by telegraph, these
should be addressed ‘‘Gard. Chron.," Rand; or by
telephone, to Gerrard, 1543.

— Notice to Correspondents.—The Editors do

to pay for any contributions or illustrations,

T n» return unused communications or illustrations,

ለመያ by special arrangement. The Editors do not hola

themselves responsible for any opinions expressed by
their corresp ;

THE GARDEN IN ANTIQUITY.
IV. ASSYRIAN GARDEN RECORDS.

W JE are not left to surmise or to gen-
eral statements as regards Assyria.
Such reeords as the following are

frequently to be met with. The King

Ashur-natsirpal, about 860 to 885 ears

before Christ, states that he found Kalah

a heap of ruined buildings and mounds.

Thereupon he dug out ዜ canal from

the upper Zab, and called it Pati-

Khegalli. He planted gardens around it

and rebuilt the wals of the city

(Nineveh). This is a typical record. The

cities of sun-dried bricks were, either on

account of neglect or invasion, constantly
falling into disrepair, and as constantly
being rebuilt, enlarged and extended. As

Layard informs us, the monarchs used the

materials taken from the ruins in_ the

construction of new residences for themselves.

Thus the royal cities, such as Babylon

and Nineveh, attained the dimensions

assigned to them by the Greek geographers and
by the Hebrew Scriptures. “ The numerous
royal residences, surrounded by gardens and
parks, and enclosed by fortified walls, each
being a distinct quarter [as illustrated even
to-day by such an English city as Chichester]
called by a different name, and the vast
mass of private buildings, fields and gardens
lying between them, formed together the
great city known to the Jews and Greeks
as Nineveh.” In very many instances the
gardens lay outside the city walls, the city
being compact for safety ; but occasionally
it happened, especially in the case of the
great capitals, that the city walls enclosed

ዜ space sufficient to allow of a large growth

of cereals and fruits in the event of an
invasion,

Of Tiglath Pileser I, it is said that he
set the shadüfs to work all over the country
in order to irrigate the land, and “* made
plantations and parks, filling them with rare
trees and plants." He also * built several
palace courts, called after the costly woods
with which they were furnished—the Cedar
house, the Box-wood house, the Tamarisk
house,” and- the like, This was about
1,120 B.C., and it is to this monarch that
we owe the first detailed record thus far
discovered of royal Assyrian achievements.
He caused a clay cylinder setting forth his
exploits and greatness to be buried one at
each of the four corners of the temple of
Kamman; and as ench cylinder bore the

THE

GARDENERS

same inscription it
were discovered, to

was possible, when they
complete the broken
text of one from the perfect text of
another, We learn from such well-known
authors as Diodorus Siculus (about the
beginning of the Christian era), Quintus
Curtius, and others, that gardens and arable
land were attached to the residences or
included within the precincts of these
eastern cities. They inform us that there
was space enough within the walls of
Babylon, for example, to cultivate Corn for
the use of the whole population in case of

siege, besides orchards and gardens. So
Jonah states, there was much cattle in
Nineveh, which may be taken to imply
pasturage and Corn land. Comparison may
be made with other ancient cities, such as
Isfahan, Damascus, or Delhi, the size of
which in the time of their glory permitted

of pleasure grounds and parks, orchards and

gardens, pools and lakes, These latter were
either supplied by artificial means or water
was drawn from the neighbouring river, where
such existed, in order to ensure ‘the necessary
irrigation. This is a subject of great
importance, which will come under obser-
vation again and again as our study is
pursued.

Many different lines might be followed in
order to show that the Assyrians were very
advanced in their knowledge of the culture

of fruits and flowers and were passionately
devoted to the pursuit. It is generally
granted that a peoples worship reflects

their thoughts and feelings; and since the
Assyrians made large offerings to their gods

of flowers and fruits, devoted to them a
variety of sacred trees, and represented
them as carrying, wearing, and enjoying

these terrestrial luxuries, we naturally infer
a wide acquaintance with the same. Sacred
flowers of many kinds are represented on
the bas-reliefs found in Babylon, Nineveh,
and other cities. Among the sculptures
found in Nimroud, were representations of a
pavilion with a fringe in the form of Fir-

cones and Tulip flowers. While Tulips
grow wild in Persia, we know that they
were early brought under cultivation, and
distributed to other and far-distant lands.
accompanied by their native name. Herodotus

tells us of the Apple, Rose, and Lily being
carved or represented on the knobs or
handles of sticks for ornament, and excavators
have found such in the ruins of Assyrian
cities, thus confirming the statement of the
great historian. During the early days of
his researches at Nimroud, Layard found a

bas-relief some nine feet in height, repre-
senting a human figure raising the right
hand and carrying a branch with three

flowers, resembling the Poppy, in the left.
Sometimes five flowers were represented, but
it may be of interest to note that in many

Eastern lands three was the sign of the
plural, and stood for any number. The
Poppy-like flower was in some instances

associated with a kind of Lily, and the
Lily was a well-known and much-prized
flower everywhere and at all times in the
Fast.

From Layard and other early explorers
we are able to learn a good deal about
these blossoms. Thus a flower with seven
petals is represented in the embroideries on
the garments of winged figures alternately
with another ornament resembling a Tulip either
in bud or in full bloom. That the Assyrians
derived the latter from the Tulip or Lily
seems to be well-nigh proved by the
representation of a flower and bud in a
bas-relief which was discovered at Kcuyunjik.
Perhaps we have here some evidence that
Assyrian art influenced that of the Hebrews
and even of the Greeks. The Pomegranate
and the Lily were favourites with these
nations. A network of Pomegranates was
one of the principal ornaments in the temple
of Solomon, and it is held that the use of
the Lily by the Greek artists may be traced
directly to Assyria. ‘The Assyrians also
resembled the Greeks and Romans in

CHRONICLE.

Arkin 11.

feasts. In the
represented at

1925.

mtroducing flowers into their
long train of attendants
Kouyunjik as bringing the materials of a
banquet into the palace of the King, a
considerable number bear vases of flowers,"
states Rawlinson.

Jeremiah in his
captives in Babylonia to
dwell in them, to plant gardens, and eat
the fruit thereof. This is a most interesting
sidelight on our subject. He was evidently
thinking of gardens as orchards, or as places
for the growth of vegetables and fruits
rather than as flower borders, and was,
therefore, more concerned with the utilitarian
than the artistic side of things.

In 1894 Dr. Bonavia wrote በ
the Flora of the | Assyrian
from which we gather that the
(Lilium candidum), the Lotus.
Daisy-like or Composite — plants
constant use. But among the sacred
may be mentioned the Vine and Pomegranate.
the Fig and Date, the Banana probably.
with the Citron, as well as such non-fruiting
trees as the Fir, the Cedar. and the Oah
To give details respecting cach of — these
would be to render our work tedious, but a
few of the more interesting. facts may be
presented. A Babylonian document gives
particulars of the gardens of King Merodach,
in which no fewer than seventy-two trees,
plants and shrubs are enumerated. Some of
these were choice and rare, having been
introduced from far.distant lands. A fond-
neas for horticulture seems to have been a
characteristic of early Assyrian monarchs.
One of the kings already mentioned, "liglath
Pileser 1., states that he took away from
the lands which he had conquered trees
which no former king had planted, and put
them in the parks, known as fivali, as in
Persian they were called by the name of
Paradise. * Valuable garden fruit which
was not to he found in my own country
(he adds) I brought away, and caused the
plantations of Assyria to bear these fruits.”

The name of Sennacherib is familiar to
all, and it is interesting to find him. in
describing the palace which he had built.
stating that he stocked a great park with
“all kinds of fragrant plants, fiuit trees,
and the produce of the mountains, and of
Chaldaea." | Frequent reference is. made to
trees with perfume, either fragrant like the
sandal-wood, or bearing blossoms which were
honey-laden; spices and = fragrant woods for
burning and making into — incense were
highly prized and eagerly scught after or
carefully cultivated.

The most recent researches confirm what
we have already learned from the earlier
excavators. Reports just received from these
very regions, tell of discoveries made dating
back 1,700 to 2,200 years before Christ.
Among these are inventories of the lands
attached to a temple, with lists of the rent
and tithes paid by the gardeners or farmers

day urged the Jewish

build houses and

work on
Monuments,
white Lily
and -— certain
werte in
trees

who occupied those lands. Little clay
receipts were given for the butter and oil.
the fruits, vegetables, and other produce

the store-house, and thus we
are brought into immediate touch with the
horticulturists and florists, the farmers and
herdsmen of four thousand years ago. Among

brought in to

the tablets found some time ago is one
which gives instruction for the agricultumst
respecting the times when he is to prepare

and sow his fields, together with the methods
to be adopted, as well as guidance in building

the house and barn, with other useful
information.

We learn from the Roman and Greek
writers before the time of Christ. and early
in the Christian cera much about. the
cultivated plants of Assyria. — ** Horace
speaks of Assyrian nard, Virgil of Assyrian
amonumnm. Tibullus of Assyrian — odcurs

generally," and though recent research shows

that these were not native plants, we know
that they were at least highly prized and
carefully cultivated in this great land.

Hilderic Friend.

er
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dint, é t ፤

au 4: ፡ pe Dey yd | r SUTE Gs

)

:በገበበ በ፪ reos shines

951
the tips. The colour is usually scarlet but
there are forms in which the eolour varies
from rosy-carmine to purplish red. The
flowering season extends from June to
August. C. eoceines is frequently raised
from seeds, which are listed in numerous

seed-catulogues.

C. FARGFSII. —À climbing, deciduous species
of vigorous growth, introduced by Mr. E. H.
Wilson from Western Szechuan. It belongs

to the Vitalba section. The flowering season
extends from June to September. The
blooms are usually borne in a one- or two-

lowered axillary peduncle ; they are satiny-white,
two inches to two-and-a-half-inehes across. In

addition to cuttings seeds may be used
as a means of increase, as these ripen
freely.

C. FLAMMULA. —--Although not a native of
Britain this species was first. introduced so
long ago as the sixteenth century. It 15
found wild in Central and Southern Europe.
Growing up to twelve feet or more in
height, it i» of ideal habit for clothing
porches and arbours, producing masses ot
small white flowers in axillary and terminal
panicles during late summer and autumn.
It is the most deliciously fragrant of all
Clematises, the perfume suggesting that of
the Hawthorn or Vanilla. It is a variable
plant, notably in the size of the individual
flowers and the numbers in a panicle.
Presumably the best. forms are propagated
by cuttings, as seedlings vary greatly.

C. GLAUCA VAR. AKEBIOTDES.—This ijs one
of the half-dozen yellow-flowered species, the
best known of which is C. orientalis. The
var. akebioides was introduced from Western

China by Mr. Wilson when collecting on
behalf of Messrs. J. Veiteh and Sons. 11 is
a = free-growing climber, producing yellow

flowers freely in autumn. These are followed
by almost equally attractive, feathery, white,
seed appendages, forming globular — masses
two inches to three inches in diameter.

C. MACROPETALA.- The subject of the illus-
tration (Fig. 104) is a very pretty species
belonging to the Atragene section. It was
introduced by the late Mr. Reginald Farrer
from Kansu, China (Farrer 315), in 1914;
it is also a native of Siberia and was first
described by Ledebour in 1829. Phis deciduous
climber, of slender, elegant habit, has biter-
nate leaves three to six inelhes long, with
the leaflets coarsely toothed. The flowers
ure solitary on a stalk about three inches
long, lilae in colour, two to ‘three inches
across, the centre filled with white, petal-
like segments. The normal flowering season
is apparently spring, though in a cold frame
plants in pots have bloomed during February.
while on a plant outside there were flowers
open in August.

C. MONTANA. | should place this vigorously
climbing Clematis first on. the list of useful
species to clothe arbours, pergolas, and verandahs,
also 10 ramble at will over the branches of

trees. 11 should. be grown in. every. garden;
as a climber for the dwelling house. on a
high north or west wall the Mountain
Clematis has few rivals. My memories of
boyhood retain vivid — recollections of the
gabled north front of a cottage, thirty feet
high, covered every year during May with
the white blossoms of this Clematis. C.
anemonaeflora is another name for the

species, and quite a good descriptive one for
the flowers, which are one-and-a-half-ineh to
two-und-a-half-inehes aeross.. C. montana 1:

a native of the Hirmalavas and was first
introduced. by Lady Amherst in. 1831.

The variety rubens. introduced by Mr.
IE. H. Wilson from China in 1900. is un-
doubtedly one of this intrepid collector's
most valuable contributions to our gardens.
It is quite as free in. growth as the type.

The foliage has a distinet and attractive
purplish tinge and the flowers are rich rosy-
red. Selected) forms of this Chinese variety,
apparently obtained by raising seedlings, are
viven the added name of superba.

The variety Wilsoni, also introduced from
China, is à. summer-flowering climber with white

THE

GARDENERS

Howers, which are larger. than those of the

Himalavan plant.

C. ORIENTALIS. —This elegant climber. with
vellow blossoms and masses of silky hairs
attached to the seeds, must ከኮ one of the
eldest Clematises, as, according. to Loudon,
10 was first introduced in 1731. It grows
some twelve to fifteen feet in height, and

the flowering season is August and September.
Originally introduced. from the Himalayas,
this species or its allies--variously named C.

glauca, C. graveolens, and €. tangutica and
var. akebtoides are found in a wild state
in the Caucasus, Persia, China, Manehurin,

and the Himalayas.

C. REHDERIANA.—This is a deciduous
climber of vigorous habit, producing quan-
tities of small, nodding, yellow blossoms ከ1
autumn, The leaves are pinnate, composed
of from five to nine leaflets. The small,
bell-shaped, | Primrose-yellow blossoms are
notable because of their delicious, Cowslip-
like fragrance. Continental nurseries some-
times supply this Chinese species under the
names of C. Buchaniana and C. nutans, but
the true plants represented by these two
names are natives of the Himalayas.

Allied to C. Rehderiana is C. Veitehiana,
the latter distinguished by the smaller,
doubly-pinnate leaflets, ten to fifteen or
more, and with rather smaller flowers. Both
are natives of Western China and are
numbered among Mr. Wilson's many intro-
ductions of 1908, though Peré Aubert appears
to have first sent home seeds to France
about ten years earlier and when the
resulting plants flowered they were wrongly
identified with C. Buchaniana.

C. tancutica.—This is perhaps the best
of the yellow-flowered species or forms of
the **orientalis" section. It is free in

growth with unevenly-divided pinnate leaves.
The rich yellow blossoms are three inches
to four inches in diameter, borne solitary on
slender stalks and followed by the familiar white

feithery styles. Its distribution in a wild
state extends from Mongolia to Western
China. The flowering season is late summer
nnd autumn.

). Viticella. -Another very old favourite

among garden climbers, this is a native of

South Europe and has been cultivated in
British gardens since the sixteenth century.
The average height is ten or twelve feet.
There are forms with purple, blue, rosy-
purple and white flowers, also one with
double blossoms—var. coerulea plena. The
flowers are freely borne from July to
September. 4A. Osborn, Kew.

TREES AND SHRUBS,

CHOISYA TERNATA.

Tue Mexican Orange Flower is an exquisite,
evergreen shrub, with fragrant, Orange-like
flowers, and although introduced to our
gardens a century ago is still comparatively
doubt

little grown. This may be due to a

as to its absolute hardiness, but if given
the right conditions it is perfectly hardy.
and will withstand the severest frosts
uninjured.

To ensure its successful growth this shrub
should be planted in a well-drained soil and
in a position protected. from the north and
east, as biting winds injure the foliage much

more than frosts: it should also have a
sunny position tọ ensure thorough ripening
of the wood. Given such conditions, its
hardiness need not ከሁ doubted, and it grows
quickly, making a cheerful-looking, freely-

branched) bush.
The bright, glossy
during the whole year, and in

leaves are attructive
mild seasons

it 14 not uncommon for occasional flowers to
open from December onwards. The chief
floral display, however, takes place in April
and May, when each terminal growth

develops its cluster of dainty, white flowers,

CITRON TICCLE.

APRM. 11,

1025.

presenting a pleasing and fillinz
the air with fragrance.

Any necessary pruning or thinning of the
growths should receive attention immediately
after the flowermp season.

Propagation may ከቦ effected by lavering,
or cuttings taken from yvoung shouts may
be rooted in strong heat, grown on under
glass in the early stages and finally hardened
and planted out.

Choisya ternata is a useful plant for forcing.
and may be had in flower from Christmas
onwards, when it will be found very serviceable
for conservatory and room decoration,

a ppeurance

THE

COMMEMORATIVE Names so
of plants that a garden may be regarded
not only as a selected portion of the book
of nature, but also of the book of men.
A large proportion of our most valued plants
are, by virtue of the familiar names they
bear, living memorials of great men of the
world whose names a grateful posterity wouid
not willingly let die, and has therefore
associated them with things that may be
regarded as everlasting.

The Camellia commemorates the name of
George Joseph Camellus or Kamel a Moravian
Jesuit, who travelled in Asia two centuries

CAMELLIA.

abound in lists

ago. It was introduced to this country by
Lord Petre in or before 1739, and the first
plants were killed by being placed in too
high à temperature.

That the Camellia is one of our grandest
conservatory and garden shrubs few will

deny. It displays but a shadow of its true
beauty when grown as a pot plant, but has
few equals for massive grandeur of foliage
and floral splendour in its season, when
planted out in a spacious conservatory and
encouraged to grow freely with very little
pruning and subjected to very little artificial
heat. Indeed, the Camellia is so hardy that
it may be grown in the open in all
favourable spots in the southern parts of
this country. As a wall plant it answers
well, but it is stil better situated in an
open position, vet enjoying shelter with free
light and air. |n such positions it grows
freely and flowers abundantly, and although
late frosts and winds sometimes disfigure a
proportion of the opening flowers, a larger
proportion of blooms usually develop perfectly

and produces a wealth of bright colour,
charmingly displayed amongst the dark,
glossy leaves. Those who were acquainted
with the old gardens of the Royal Horti-

eultural Society at Chiswick will remember
how well Camellias grew and flowered 'on a
north border protected by a glasshouse.

The cultivation of the Camellia presents no
great difficulties, provided one or two
essential details be given attention. The
plant needs an abundance of moisture during
the growing season, and should never be
really dry at any time, yet it cannot tolerate
anything approaching stagnation. Án un-
drained soil will result in poor growth,
naked stems, and an absence of flowers.
while, if the roots are dry for any length
of time, the flower buds will be liable to
drop just as they should commence to open.

As to 801, there is nothing more suitable
than a rich, friable loam; clay and chalk
are unsuitable, but a good peat answers

fairly well.

Propagation may be effected. by cuttings,
which strike readily at almost. any time,
but preferably when the wood js nearly ripe
towards the end of the growing season,
Shoots three or four inches long inserted in

small pots in sandy soil and plunged in
bottom heat will root in six weeks. Cuttings
made of ripe wood should be placed in a
cold pit or frame until they have callused,
when they may be removed to a heated
pit. Layering and grafting are other methods
which may be employed for the increase of

this shrub. The single red Camellia may be
easily raised from seeds to provide stocks for
the choicer varieties. W. uon.

; n EU MEI

E aa uo = CUR An WIDENERBS CHRON IELE, dT Ix

— MÀ

ጾ = — pln ian — — aur ሠራ —————— ee
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DAVID: SWAIN & 56. "ር 10, Sussex Road Hollow,

OPERANT HOUSES -- - ^ —- GARAGES
FRYHT HOUSES BUNGALOWS

—— —— — — — ——

HEATING APPARATUS .
COTTAGES AND. BUILDINGS: FOR. ESTATES
21: GARDEN FRAMES. ALL. KINDS

ET. —— .

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5:4 by all Nuryerymen, Seedunen. and Florists be 5 d A PAS hs Packing Paid price: Ae
9 dy Herpeteat, Border der m
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LAV N MOWERS uA ጂራ
cis The Beat inthe World.” — A a pt
“HAND LAWN

-MOWERS OF
TADE TYPES.

The Original and Leni int የረ ዘቡ!

qi 8 bind: Olio s
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1 “WEED DEATH"
1 THE "zw ROR-POISONDQUS wEED KILLER POWDER.

ird de effective, Tenni mare 80. than’ Me B——
Arsenal | Gripa wrd, ad, Chen per- KILLE THE ROOTS:

MOTOR, HORSE, PONY

AND

| DONKEY” MOWERS.

PROM PT ዐይ. IVERY:

1 0s 2i. 35 EG 12- ava s

S for s 15 d:350. - TOA gallong.
O¥eba beat: from “cur A tete prin ‘or feedama. c

CORRS &- C0. SHAD THAMES, BONNAN, X: 6 AE

— — —

¢ ፦

Write Je. diui — de

| p 9185 & JEFFERIES, m

Orwell. ‘Works, IPSWIEH. 22 ይታ ፪ [V f ጄ4 LE T> 2 5.

—

.. bye a ያመ 4
E now and. gue ፳ 8600.

n LOWERS aad
| VEGETABLES -

: Flowers. and ONG oui —
will not-dive of their ከር 5.
unless they Feree 8 dress E
Ang of Nitrate of Soda. 53 ..
The difference ፍክ he ebat —
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oF ANTONIO. DAVANZO, m ! il E
2 ! GIUSEPPE FRATELLO & Co. ፡ › |
Mee መ — rur pi

CASPAR xat 5.

(ዘሰ uw for jenem leti

2 ፡ à ri ew er — — Shea ና. A P n

: veta OM... — tl nad ሃደ (er XN
ጊቦ” ፦ ጠይት ጫል p — npa 5 Za —
GRAND SELEC TED. LED ደ ርሕ. TY. — D ES eae i eR gun ate UE
“Onions (white: nd colors) <3 J iei Thomas. Rivers & Son Lu. ps 5 S ZÉ verts — — 3 “| —— — VARIA
| .:ህሺ98, ien jeune 4 The Nu: ee ron | te — ን
; SAWBRIDGEWORTH, ERTS. 2
KEN > x ES | Sudon: 8 ር We ERO E

. SIVE & GREENHOUSE PLANTS

vi (O0 ከ Crotons, Caladioms, ጨጨ etc. 81
Y po We nf Foliage, Floweriog & Climbing Pianis

es PHE- GARDENERS

THOMSON $ CELEBRA’

“The result’ of over KO Years. D eietissi experience. in. እ edens:
Ask your Seedsman for ሃነ ጸወነ —

Safe; sure and Jasunü.
Aurea. Partie’ Food-—i wt. Sti

rTesuits.

‘Prices: V iurc init and Ve ኣያ! 181:
— dva ok tins 45 ead nia
"m [)3.: 338: T TOS; 2/57 Pie Li

CH RO NH 4. LE.

Spec dal. Taopdress)ug M: anura exi élent tim nhi a d» d
Carriage paid on 28 tbs. snd up.

Arni "Jj i s 1852.

-UNRIVALLED TOR ALL c GARDEN CROPS i.

TED. MANURES:

still first for auality and

ae nac a + Toy. d

ziv 66
s Tha, pat z

‘Write for tres. ‘booklet,

| በፈ Wm. THOMSON እ. SONS, ist, TWEED VINEYARDS, — SCOTLAND

NICOTINE [ INSECTICIDES

are by far We most ——— and. ‘economical for destroying ቭ
xe sent wicking "Iaaects infesting vegetation. - :
ENGLISH. NICOTINE. ኃ5።ዐ8ና፡ . Full dire | meo SOAP (Nicotine: Sepe
ens for Using AR: fiimigant a ሳዩ spray 8914.
PROMOTORE, 2/3. dme. NE. mens. teja ;
36: ors SD - | ፻:15., RRS 10 1ከ.. 40/-. --
4

NICOTINE | VAPORISING COMPOUND. CAMPRELL'S FUMIGATING ROLLS.
. Nitcotine. cantent So), . 15 bottles for’ 2, simple for “ርክ በደ በድ. grenhouses.. Ee He
CR, 16. 20, and 46 ተከ683886. 881 68. four res 46ዮ. 553: Loon, 2 Dod, and 5,090) .
Prices 1/6. 3/9, 7/8. B= and Hue Trium .ዮ-004ሮ.-. ተደር የስ: ሽን M. ፲5. and. |1-

-Dvely; j- :galion 3185. gia Me. Path. —

CAMPBELL'S PATENT. SULPHUR. VAPORISER. Bor: መረ ph. The ben €
. lAethod of exterminating Mildew in- glasshouses | sb aste. ae — ቁመው
ደመይ fect site, Wer 48; bon. gabe. eet mre Pup. wach a pete ል.

"bte nable fram. ከ መክ or, Weta ef difficulty, ን from »u Minnie

D. CAMPBELL, hícotine. Manufacturer,
e Lund — Cornbrook, | Mancheater.

— beet -
9.— nicotine, jor.

s pnitash salt soap. plus- 2
En:

AUER, ‘ar syringing work + Ab.

: are :shartiiwid o. ከረጋ inte d
contact. with: COOPER'S. WEEDICIDE. *

Don't jet weeds on ihe paths, or: drives, wma the NIE
Pod - beauty: of your (garden — ቷ

“DESTROY. THEM WITH

x COOPER'S “WEEDICIDE

RAT

me —— 2 de- 100. parta ‘water: : ም
ite 50- I Order from focal Agent, —— 85 ሕፈ ;
| . :. and the path weeds will disappear, EP er tere,
— Taaie Me 325 eds 56 eu: — Jr tjt Et —

~~ $ e Y; ? ፡
— * Aly ste

2. Should. ya preter a — er Weeda. des cH.
| BERCULEAM POWDER WEEDKILLÉR ዘ!
J*hiy SEA. Sv. qeu Pipe ey pm he 27822. አያ 2 heeki — ጓሦ ነፍ iiie ዶ ot | Adi Soe
em rsd 26 iati Vs Lapi habra ni x Me ptis scd uc e —

id "n * Pe steer te

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makes aS. gations ር

nights: &ifective x
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ሃን. ጎሃ odit fan Mew `o —— * renee E
: +

Vf A iù jare SUR ##፳' n. tti. a —3 w te Ni Mer qune D "rtle fo

: ህህ COOPER & የደን. ሀ4,

100K! TANNED GARDEN NETS |

Md AIT orders desparched same das. ም ፈሪ

"s. yards. x Lo yard,’ URSCK ay, CUT 25. hen ፳. T g

da netting for bushes; & Ibs. for 2$. —

| Aft; Cae iare: pasto 6 An^ ines: supplied.
Also. Tennis Boundary: ስኳ ፣ 1. የር us

| MOORE. & 6. | Net. Merle, |

፡ tbe fet: ዘ must’ Cnipa 21/36) A. En: ኣሶሄ tret».

ox OBS RE RUSSELL, LTD.
| አዉ | ነቁ — Surrey.

t Thuni. borealis, ko. toxa it.

| Heb en KIRTON, BORTON,

For ‘Spring Planting.
The Executors of the late ^

ANTHONY. WATERER

beg: te 58.

STANDARD | TREES ~
Eee T great variety, voneistiog of
- LIMES, PLANES, ELMS, 66. ‘Bre
EVERGREEN & DECIDUOUS 588085. viz:
Box, green and variegated, 3 to B DR
; Hellias, Common; 3 to 8- ft: ና

S Variegated. dod. graen.
‘varieties, * da. EE

Éspressus ንፍሮ አገዘው ta to a tt.
Oprane Firs, 6 16 Bit
‘Vadia dtlantica glauca, very: fide, Joto 44 dt.
Osmanthus, : Philtyroeas,. Bpitoesk. Janet

ንክ በ በ Pte. co
OGOL DEN. YEWS. Dru
ኣላ — Stock in all Du sed: —
from 2 ta 19 f
AZALEAS in great ከ 2 48. 8 it
.RHODOD DODENDRONS, without doubt '
the Anest stock in the trade of
named variétes, 3 (0:6 Jnd: 8. ds UN

RHODOR ENDRONS,

in best. famed. varieties.

Baay Heaths 16. pisat. variety. 290:
... ME stock | DE gegeral nHpséry stock:

ከህ MBM apptiecston. | eens T8

ven | አኣከዛ/፡፡ d fem s
KNAP. HILL "NURSERY
WOKING STATION, SURR EY.

FORBES' Catalogue

የፎቁ i: Pelargoviums: i Pentstemons
os Phloxes: i: Pyrethrums 5 ሻኛክህ -

FREE. ON APPLICATION,
“JOHN FORBES (Hawick), LIMITED.

Te Ku Norrerymen, HAWICK, SCOTLAND.

TOIA HUNTSMAN.

Finesr qt the. Scarlet: È atdinal. Flowers: I

“Now. i ‘the. dime ta plant

1/6 each, 5.» ger dun. [96- Per 16.

7. | T. SMITH, Daisy Bill Narsery, NEWRY. |

(RELIABLE.

ሀ8(0ሀ6885 SEED POTATOES -

SPECIALLY SELECTED S STOCKS, — Sharpe's

Edw

4 Ni ;
a 8 sor ay ir 1686 Linwellya,Betish (38,856.

| , Ally and. Mejete

RATEN. or small. ‘nientities, V wwe
ክሌ — pions stats quantity required, ü

NFL RENNIS & SONS; LTO,

APRIL 11, 1925.

PLANT-BREEDING FOR PRIVATE
GARDENERS.

— ETS TR

HowkrVER lamentable it may be, and
however distasteful to the gardener in charge
of a large, private garden, present-day con-
ditions demand that by some means the
garden shall produce something which can
be turned into profit to help defray the
expense of upkeep.

Naturally, nurserymen do
plants from a nobleman's garden being
sold to a publie he looks upon as his
clientele; the market-grower chafes under the
grievance that the squire or the lord of
the manor has entered the ranks of his
his competitors, even to the extent of
sending to Covent Garden or sending round
a van with vegetables, fruits, and cut
flowers to supply shop keepers.

not favour

The gardener’s dignity suffers, and his
mind is perplexed with the problem of
maintaining the establishment with a much

reduced staff, and at the same time pro-
ducing a surplus for the definite purpose of
sale; but the whole thing boils down to
this; many large establishments would have
discharged their garden staffs and sacrificed
their gardens if nothing from them could
be sold, and that is a prospect none eon-
nected with any branch of practical horti-
culture would wish to contemplate.

Plant bleeding is an important, interesting,

and distinctive phase of hortieulture:
moreover, it is, or may be made, lucrative
when skill is united to business aptitude

foresight, and method. Many gardeners are
possessed of these qualifications, and some
are placed in circumstances and environ-
ment favourable to successful enterprise in
this direction.

Many instances indeed could be quoted of
successful achievements in plant-breeding by
private gardeners to support the proposition

that the development of this special phase
of the craft might afford a satisfactory
means of providing finance of substantial
importance. for, at any rate, some of the
private establishments where the gardens
are looked to for part of the funds to
maintain them. There is a vast deal of
difference between raising something new,

which may be introduced to commerce, and
merely growing everyday crops to sell in
competition with small tradesmen.

The choice of subjects upon whieh effort
should be concentrated is a matter for
personal decision, subjeet to special facilities
and conditions that imay exist. Workers
enough, maybe, are engaged on the popular
flowering plants of the day, for season by
season, new Delphiniums, Dahlias, Roses,
Sweet Peas, and Chrysanthemums are intro-
duced in bewildering numbers, and rather
than to merely follow the lead, or copy
the successful, the beginner in plant breeding
will do well to ponder the question, ^* What

would be an exceptionally welcome — and
useful production ? ”
There are plants which nobody appears

to think of taking in hand despite. the fact
that everybody recognises their. beauty. and
serviceability, and, in some cases, an observant

eye may detect the hopeful possibility of
responsiveness in the plant, which by its
own tendency to vary evinces a restive
desire to “break bounds."

Among annuals, Cosmos bipinnatus surely
offers a great opportunity for valuable

]t is au extremely charming
plant, but with two points of weakness.
First, it begins to. bloom so late in the
season that often frost destroys the plants
just as they attain a fulness (| beauty:
second)y., ዜ narrow colour range imceludes an
undue proportion of somewhat indefinite and
weak shades. dn regard to the first point
it may be readily admitted that autumn-

achievements.

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

sowing and winter-housing of the plants
will ensure early bloom, but how vastly
more serviceable to the majority would be
strains of rapid development and early-
flowering capabilities? As for colour, the
aim should be to evolve a race embracing
salmon-pink, scarlet, crimson, purple, and
other decisive shades, well fixed so that
they may be sown as are Codctias, Clarkias,
and Antirrhinums. with an assurance of a
high percentage of purity.

Linum grandiflorum is a delghtful flower,
and it also is not without its possibilities.
Twice it has given me the hint, once when
an individual plant among a mass broke
away from its companions, attained a height
of fully two fect. and produced flowers
double the normal size on substantial, much-
branched stems. On the other occasion. the
break was in the matter of colour in all
the flowers of one seedling. Only a slight
colour break ijs sometimes necessary to pave
the way for a wide and fascinating. range,
as witness the famous instance of the
Shirley Poppy.

It is somewhat strange that since Nigella
Miss Jekyll, we have had no other striking
development — in this quaintly beautiful
annual, and the Sweet Rockets never seem
to catch the plant breeders eye.

Salpiglossis has been considerably improved,
and fine strains exist, but 80 wonderful are
the colour. fusions in the flower. that one
feels its possibilities are. even yet. immense.

Among perennials, a host awaits the
camel's-hair brush and the selective attentions
of the plant breeder. Variations in. Lythrum
virgatum, and in Pentstemon barbatus
indicate rewards awaiting the diligent. seeker.
We have seen in ** Bees’ Ruby ". something
of the capabilities of the Armertas and they
should be developed. Anemone Pulsatilla
once developed in Holland a cheery pink
variety to enlighten us 10 the faet that
the sombre shade of the type is amenable
to brightening up. We have vastly broadened
the range of the Sidaleeas, but neglect
Malva moschata, one of the most industrious
plants the herbaceous border may contain,
and for some inexplicable reason nobody
appears to interest himself in an endeavour
to evolve something new from Baptisia
australis, itself a flower of refined beauty

Now that we have a perfect galaxy of
herbaceous Lupins it would be well worth
while to turn attention to Lupinus arboreus.
Some years ago that grand — plantsman,
John Smith, of Newry, did some good work

among the "ree Lupins, but there is no
reasonable ground for the supposition that
the Tree Lupins should not vie with L.
polyphyllus for infinite range of delightful
tints.

Those who prefer to specialise in green-
house plants have abundant material to
work upon. Some erstwhile popular plants
would come readily into vogue again ፲፻ new
varieties were raised and put into appro-
priate hands for distribution. We have
heen rather too easily content to take up
the novelties raised on the Continent. The

great improvements in Hydrangea Hortensia
are of Continental origin, and for new
Azaleas we look to the Belgians and the
Dutch. We seldom see a new conservatory
climber. Can nobody raise n new Lapageria,
Plumbago, Passion Flower, or Clianthus ?

Among bulbous and tuberous plants there
are possibilities without end, the one. con-
dition, admittedly, being that a raiser may
have a long time to wait for returns, but
one who is imbued with the real enthuisiasin
for plant breeding will devise means of
bridging. the interval between the. start. and
the time when returns. become possible,
even though it necessitates a temporary
scheme of some other kind to manage it.
When onee a few of the seedlings from
the first crosses stari coming ints bloom
the weariness of waiting wears away, for with
fresh — crosses and fresh sowings every

— — . — መ H— — — €

there will henceforward be a

Season Suc-
cession of maturing plants, and haply a
prize here and there.

. The great thing is to undertake the task
in a systematic manner, with a definite
goal or object in view, and a carefully
considered plan of procedure. Admittedly
some of the greatest successes in plant-
breeding have been accidental as we = are
accustomed to say, but there can be little
doubt that the really successful plant
breeders are the careful, methodical workers
with a direct, clearly conceived plan of
campaign. The keeping of records of all
crosses 18 decidedly essential, careful labelling.
booking of dates, and all the details of
work must be of immense help, whilst
neglect of these points must inevitably
sooner or later give cause for regret.
Among vegetables, also, there is always
room for further progress. We have not
yet reached the zenith of perfection in any
one of our staple vegetables, whilst many
of the crops we nre prone to consider of
secondary importance would handsomely
repay well directed effort. at improvement.
Dwarf Peas may be instanced as an
example of the right kind of work. Until
recent vears the dwarf varieties were in-
variably small, and poor in comparison
with the taller, maincrop — Peas, their
earliness being the sole justification for
planting them.

Various seed firms set themselves to the
task of improving the size of pod and
grain, and the cropping capabilities of

dwerf Peas, with the result that the latest

novelties compare very favourably with the
taller kinds in regard to weight of crop
produced. The advantages accruing are of

considerable. importance to owners of small
gardens; quick maturity, economy of space,
saving of expense in staking, and reducing
shadow to the considerable benefit of
surrounding crops.

Much benefit would similarly be derived
from the introduction of a sturdy dwarf
Bean of the quality of the best Scarlet
Runners. A large proportion of the public
prefer the Runner Bean to the Dwarf
French Bean, but conditions frequently
arise Which render it difficult to provide

stakes and adequate space for the Runners.
A variety of small growth is now on the

market which is content with a four foot
Bamboo cane, but the Beans are small,
and the crop produced is light.

Many growers contrive to dispense with
staking by pinching tho growths of their
Runner Beans, but a genuine dwarf, up-
standing variety with the pods of Scarlet

Emperor would be a real acquisition.
Notwithstanding the multitude of varieties

of Tomatos a hearty welcome would be
extended to a really good variety which
could be depended upon to mature good
crops in the opon. It may be reckoned
that about ono season in four profitable
outdoor crops of Tomatos are obtained.
Perseverance would. be well. rewarded if a

robust, quick maturing Tomato for regular
outdoor culture could be produced. Shall
this be said to be beyond power of
achievement ?

Self-blanching Celery was introduced a
good many years ago. lt is but little
grown beeause it is inferior to the standard
types. ‘Phe basis upon which to work is
provided, and it would be a great stride

along the road of progress if a really first-
class, self-blanching Celery were produced.
Many other equally desirable improvements
in vegetables lie within. the range of
possibility, and there is scope for service-
able, interesting, and profitable work for
private gardeners as well as for. commercial

horticulturists in the wide field of plant
breeding.

Phe simple feet that so much of il ir
done by “the trade" affords ample
evidence that it የክክ ከዮ made protitable.

A. J. Muesef.

256

NOTICES OF BOOKS.
The Enemies of the Rose.*

Who would believe that a single family of
plants could be beset by so many enemies
as to require a book of over one-hundred-
and-sixty pages to deseribe them and give
details of methods of combating them 7

However, the author, in the introduction.
sounds a cheery note, bidding his readers,
especially the inexperienced Rose grower,

not to be alarmed by the
enemies described in the book,
that only in exceptional cases is he
to be seriously troubled with any
caterpillars, Rose aphides and mildew.
these are the worst pests of the Rose,
we could name others that give
concern to growers, including the red Rose-
maggot, the cuckoo-spit insect, red spider,
Rose rust and black spot diseases, as well
as some of the leaf.cating insects.

It is most valuable to have a work of
this nature dealing with the whole range
of the enemies of the Rose: the book is.
without doubt. the most complete work of
its kind and for which the National Rose
Society may indeed take credit,

The present issue is a new edition brought

large list of
for he states
likely
but
‘True
but

serious

thoroughly up-to-date by Prof. F. V. Theo-
bald. who deals with the insect pests, and
by Mr. J. Ramsbottom, who has supervised
the part dealing with diseases caused by
fungi. Several illustrations in colours and a
number in black and white increase the
value of the hook by helping. the
novice to recognise the various complaints
which are affecting his Rose. bushes. On

the whole the coloured illustrations are excep-
tionally well executed. and. have been repro-
duced. from paintings by Miss Frances
Bunyard. The coloured plate of black spot
disease facing page 136 is a very successful
example of reproduction in natural colours
and admits of a ready diagnosis of this
serious complaint, whieh the authors state is
second. only in importance to mildew.

Fhe book is divided broadly into two
parts, insect enemies and Rose diseases
caused by fungi, and the history of both
Insects and fungi are excellently well

deseribed in simple. language.
Following a general account. of
with chapters on the structure of a

insects,
typical

Insect, respiration of insects, growth and
development of insects, complete and in-
complete metamorphosis of insects, biting

and sucking-mouthed insects, and the orders
of insects, the work proceeds to deal with
those injurious to Roses, taking the beetles
first. The most injurious in this class are
the Rose beetle, cockchafer, summer chater,
garden chafer, weevils and Raspberry beetle,
all of which are described, and remedies
given for their destruction. Then follows
accounts of bees and sawflies injurious to
Roses, of moths injurious to Roses, of flies
injurious to Roses, and the aphides, seale
Insects, frog-hoppers and leaf-hoppers, con-
cluding with thrips and red spider.

Of all these pests the most ubiquitous is
the aphis or green fly and it is stated that
no fewer than nine distinet species of

nphides trouble our Roses. Those who are
surprised at the suddenness with which
their Rose bushes become badly infested
with aphides will learn on page 75 how
this comes about. Aphides are not, as was

at one time commonly supposed. bred spon-
taneously, but result from the offspring. of

mother queens which reproduce at an enor-
mous rate, so that in a day or iwo hosts
of young aphides are bred and these in
turn reproduce as prolifically. [ህጻ of
aphides are present on stems, leaves, ete,
all the winter, and when [ከሁ mother querens
ከ8ዚ1[(ከ from these — asexual reproduction
‹'()]11[11 ICES und IVES rise, hot to CEPR,
but to living young. The aphides may
Infest other plants. besides Roses. and

* The Enemies of the Rose. By Fred.
Jobn Ramsbottom.
Street, S.W.

e V. Theobald and
National Rose Society. 28. Victoria

THE GARDENERS

migration often accounts for the sudden
disappearance of the aphides from Roses and
their equally sudden re-appearanee in the
autumn. With regard to treatment. nicotine
wash is recommended us the best Insecticide,

used in conjunction with soft soap; three-
quarters to one ounce. of ninety per cent.
nicotine and two ounces of soap to ten
gallons of water. Soft soap has the effect

of blocking the breathing pores of the insects

and jt serves as a useful holder of such
poisons as nicotine and Quassin extract.
Noft soap and Quassia wash is an old and
safe remedy for apbis and some gardeners
maintain that Quassiu extract is the best
of all specifies. for the destruction of aphis

on all kinds of planta.

The frog-hopper or cuckoo-spit does very
considerable. damage to Roses in some years,
and it is not an easy matter to destroy
these creatures. as they are secreted in a
frothy substance whieh they exude. Spraying

to destroy the frog-hopper must be done
vigorously and the authors recommend

nicotine washes as being the most effectual.

The chapter on washes used for Rose
trees shows the proper proportions of each
material to use, giving handy formulas and
directions for compounding them.

In the section on fungous disease, one
naturally turns to the chapter dealing with
mildew first, for this is the most serious
complaint of the Rose and spoils the plants

even sooner than aphides. Mr. Ramsbottom
gives the fullest particulars of the fungus,
how it increases by spores and how the
disease is carried over the winter bv the
perithecia or sexual. stage of the organism
and how in spring the ascus within the.
perithecia liberates the ascus spores, which
are able to infect any Rose. leaf or any

young stem on whieh they happen to alight.

He informs us that there is a great differ-
ence im the susceptibility of various Roses
to mildew., and here we think it would
have been very valuable to cultivators if

some practical grower
of Roses most susceptible to mildew and
others that are inildew-proof, also observa-
tions from the growers’ point of view as to
the conditions which favour the spread of
this complaint. with particulars as to the
best positions for susceptible varieties and
other general hints which are only gained
as a result of practical experience. With
regard to the treatment for mildew, dusting
with flowers of sulphur for ten days js
recommended, but yellow-sulphur makes Rose
bushes very unsightly and we are surprised
that the use of black sulphur is not advised.
A fungicide which is said to have nonc
of the drawbacks attending the use of
powdered sulphur is the following: three-
and-a-half pounds hyposulphite of soda
dissolved in one gallon of hot water, three-
and-a-half pounds of bisulphate of soda also

had given us a list

dissolved in one galon of hot water and
two ounces of glue in three pints of hot
water, The glue solution is stirred into the

sodium hyposulphite solution whilst it is still
hot. This and the sodium bisulphate mixture
are cach diluted with five gallons of water,

mixed, and allowed to stand from three to
eighteen hours, when the specific is ready
for use. The mixture will keep for a few
days, but it ሎ best used on the morning

following its preparation.
Black spot disease calls for special vigilance

on the part of the grower, as from the
time of the first infection to the production
of a new crop of spores only about a
fortnight elapses. Checking the fungus on its
first appearance may ከር dono by spraying
the young leaves with Bordeaux mixture,

ammoniacal copper carbonate, or liver of sulphur.

With regard. to Rust disease, whieh is
very prevalent. in some districts, we know
Irom experience. that this is very easily
controlled by spraying with permanganate of

potash, one of the cheapest and easiest. of
all fungieides 16 use. A little soft soap
added to the solution, whieh need only be

made a rose-red colour, makes it very eff cacions.

T
|

CHRONICLE.
ኞጨሙ ሚሜ ሚ ሻታ ታሚ ታር RR

ApnmrL 11, 1025

POTATO BREEDING.

IN your issue of March 21 there appears
a commentary on the above subject by Mr.
George. M. Taylor.

It should be pointed [out that within the
last decade two factors have influenced the
work of Potato breeders, viz.: (1) The spread
of Wart Disease and the discovery of im-

munity to that trouble: and (2) the
recognition of the various virus diseases and
their detrimental influence. Previously the
breeder made selections from the total of
his seedlings. Now, however, selections are
made from a limited number of seedlings.
At the present time no new variety will

make much headway unless it i» immune to
Wart Disease and tolerably resistant to the
virus diseases. Research on the inheritance
of immunity has. however, to some extent
alleviated the position. For some time after
the discovery of immunity to Wart Disease.
breeders seem to have been content with
the production. of immunity alone, other
considerations, notably quality, being regarded
as of secondary importance. 11 would appear
therefore that. the seeming futility of breeding
is more apparent than real, and with the
enormous importance which has been attached
to immunity, it is not to be wondemd at
that. the other points of an ideal Potato
have been neglected to some extent.

Messrs. Mair and MeAlister are deserving
of great credit. for their selection of Great
Scot. from a batch of seedlings produced
from seed supplied by Mr. Ezra Miles.
Great Scot has many virtues. and few
defects. In its class it is as yet unsurpassed.

lt is not, however, impossible to conceive of
an early maincrop variety with — better
cropping power and greater disease resistance.

I have already pointed out that — some
varieties make better parents than others.
Great Scot 18 presumably extremely hetero-

zygous, and in consequence might not make

a good parent unless a very large number
of seeds were used.
l am aware that there are numerous

breeders who send worthless seedlings to the
Official testing stations. Feeble efforts, however.
do not condemn a system.

Mr. Taylor seems to be at one with me
in believing that sexual reproduction affords
the only means of progress in the Potato
apart from methods of cultivation. On the
other hand, he considers that some species
other than 8. tuberosum must be used for
crossing, as, in his opinion, we are in a
vicious circle. 1 do not believe this 10 be
the case. If Potato varieties are viewed as
a whole, it will be recognised at once that
we have all, or practically all, the merits
we desire. The only disadvantage is that
these merits are distributed over a large
number of varieties, but never in sufficient
number in one variety. The problem is how
to combine these in a few varieties. This
can only be done by someone who is an
artist in the profession. Moreover, even an
artist cannot hope for succems-—exceept, of
course, 88 a piewe of phenomenal luek
unless he works with a very large number of
seedlings and is not afraid to use his own
meritorious seedlings as parents.

What can we expect from the assimilation
into the Potato of wild Solanum blood? Is
it seriously suggested that the use of these
wild species will increase the vield of the
common Potato? Can Mr. Taylor state the
results of any tests which have been made
to determine if the wild forms ar more
resistant to specific diseases than some of
our existing — varieties 5 In the common
Potato we have varieties. whieh are highly
resistant to late blight, varieties immune to
Wart Disease, one variety immune to
conunon seab, and, 1 believe, Immunity or
aU teast high resistance to virus diseases
Will be obtained without stupendous efforts.
11. is merely a matter of time until someone

will produce a first early variety with the
eropping capacity of Epicure. with a finer

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ER PES — "RE

The variety Comte de Paris (Fig. 105), was
one of the last seedlings of Von Mons, and
first fruited in 1847. It is rather largely
grown in Belgium and Holland, and I have
there tasted fruits of very good quality. It
is extremely prolific and hardy, and it is a
variety which, I think, should be tried again
ከ1 England. The fruit figured come from a
pot tree; the outdoor fruits will not be
quite so big. The variety is in season from
October to D»cember. E. A. Bunyard.

--፦ ጨጨ - æ — — — -

— —

Carnation Baroness de Brienen.—After
reading the many remarks which have
appeared concerning Carnation Baroness de
Brienen, I venture to add that I have
always found it a good variety at all

seasons. As it is slow growing it can be
made perpetual-flowering by close study of
the stopping. To produce flowers of this
variety in mid-winter the last stopping should
be done by the end of May or early in
June. H. Cunningham, The Gardens, Bishops
Hall, Romford, Esser.

Magnolia pumila.— Referring to your note
upon Magnolia pumila (page 192) 1 beg leave
to state that this plant is growing in an
intermediate house here. 1 brought a speci-
men home after a recent visit to India. [1
grows in the open at Poonah, but I am
doubtful if it will be hardy in this country,
though | understand. this i$ being tested at
Kew at the present. time. Magnolia. pumila
is a low-growing plant and should be useful

to the hybridist. because, as you state, it
flowers almost continuously. Stuart M.
Samuel, Bart., Chelwood — Vetchery, Nutley,
Sussex.

Apple Leaf Scorch.—1n my note on this

subject (p. 242) one or two important words
were, unfortunately, omitted. The eleventh
line down, instead of reading ‘received no
nutrient solution," should read ‘received no
potash in the nutrient solution. Market Grower.

Bees and Apple Fertilisation. --My own
experience--and I am sure that of many of
your readers is the same—-is that as regards

standard trees in grass orchards, hive bees
are of little service for pollination. When
the weather at blossoming time is warm

and quiet, an abundance of insects of many
kinds will be found in the flowers, but
should a cold wind be blowing, hive bees
may usually be found in plenty gathering
pollen from — Aubrictia, Arabis and other
dwarf plants, the fertilisation of the
Apple blossom being left to the queens of
various species of humble bee, which work
exceedingly hard in spring-time and may be
seen flying freely when no hive bees are
abroad. Dwarf trees—particularly those in
sheltered gardens—undoubtedly get a larger
share of attention from the hive bee than
do standard trees, and wall trees ure still
more favoured, while it would not be easy
to overrate the good work done by these
insects among (Cooseberry, Currant and Rasp-
berry blossom. 1. at least, have no preju-
dice against bees (see Mr. C. H. Hooper's
letter on page 225). for | kept a sizable

apiary for many years, and found it exceed.
ingly interesting and reasonably profitable.
Nor do 1 think that there are many fruit-

growers who would dispense with the services
of bees if they thought the insects would be
of appreciable help in fertilising their fruit

blossom. Strains of bees have been bred
for honey-producing and, latterly, for their
ability to withstand Acarine disease, but it

does not appear to have occurred to anyone
to try to work up a hardy strain. which
would be less susceptible to bad spring-time
weather. Undoubtedly the old English black
bee and the for-ever-swarming Dutch breed
vot abroad more in spring than do Italian
stocks, and, since it is their services as
blossom-setting agents that are most wanted
by fruit growers, this fact should be borne
well in mind. Sussex.

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

SOCIETIES.

GUILDFORD AND DISTRICT GARDENERS’.

A VERY successful series of winter lectures
arranged by this Association closed with one
by Mr. F. J. Chittenden on March 17.

In opening the meeting, The President,
Alderman W. T. Patrick, J.P., who presided,
spoke of the continued progress of the
Association which now has some six hundred
und fifty members. He also referred to the
latest venture of the Association, the publi-
cation of a monthly journal as a means of dis-
seminating information amongst the members,
and keeping the aims and work of the
Association prominently before the public.

Mr. Chittenden lectured on ‘ The Essentials
of Vegetable Cultivation.” Avoiding techni-
calities, the speaker dealt with his points in
homely terms. He emphasised the importance
of deep digging and bastard trenching. He
advocated the use of manures—stable dung,
if it can be obtained—and told his audience
to purchase the best quality seeds and to
sow them, not as a slave to the calendar,
but when the soil is in a suitable condition.

INSTOW SPRING FLOWER SHOW.

THe Instow (North Devon) Spring Flower
Show is one of the few exhibitions managed

successfully without the encouragement of
prizes. The idea of such a show occurred to
Miss K. M. Hinchliffe of Worlington House,
Instow (see Gard. Chron., April 19. 1924),
and under her enthusiastic management the
show has steadily increased in extent and
interest. The show held in the Rife Hall
on March 25 was the fifth and best. of the
series, and. Miss Hinchliffe is to ከዮ con-
gratulated upon the fine display obtained.

There are no entrance fees, no judging, and
no prizes, but exhibitors were obliged to
send 11 their entries to Miss Hinchliffe by
Mareh 21. There is a charge for admission

to the show and all profits go to the Rifle
Club.
The carly date prevented the Rev. T.

Buncombe, of Black Torrington, from ex-
hibiting, and Mr. T. Batson, of Beaworthy
(also in a cold neighbourhood). could only
send one exhibit, a nice, little, lemon-yellow
seedling from N. obvallaris called Cymry.
Mr. Seymour Cosikry, Bideford, exhibited
a magnificent group of Daffodil seedlings,
including Magnolia, Tunis. Pedro, Daphne,
and about eighteen others, which could not
have been surpassed for quailty at Birmingham
or Vincent Square. From Instow Miss HiNCH-
LIFFE displayed forty-seven sorts of Daffodils,
“first and second earlies,” including King
Alfred, Maximus, Golden King. Peter Barr.
Alice Knights, Juliana. Homespun, Princess
Victorian, Queen Sophia, Lucifer, Flame.
Cirelet, Mohican, Lord Kitchener, Irish Pearl,

Mermaid, Argen, three Tazettas, and three
Poeticus (praecox grandiflorua, Homer, and
ornatus).

Mrs. Dopp, Instow, exhibited. three dozen

good varieties including Noble, Golden Rose,

Vanilla. Albatross, Lord Kitchener and
Southern Gem, and Mr. C. F. T. HINCHLIFFE,
Hillsleigh, | Instow, displayed about twenty

sorts, including Firebrand, Bernadino, Auto-

crat, Sunrise and Mermaid.
The groups of greenhouse planis were the
best yet put up at this spring show and

reflected great credit on Instow gardeners:
they included Arums, Cinerarias, Pelargoniums,
Deutzias, Primulas of sorts, Schizanthus,
ete., and some lovely plants of Bilbergia
nutans, shown by Col. EvaTr. Instow. The
exhibitors in this section included Lady
CovcHMAN, Laventon. Instow: Miss HINCH-
[፤ጀጅጅ, Mr. C. F. T. HiNcHLriFFE, Mr. T.
JENNINGS, and Mrs. DERING.

The earlier date fixed permitted a larger
display of bulbs grown in fibre, and Mr. A.
KELLY submitted very good Hyacinths, while
Mrs. Evatr and Miss HarpING exhibited

Arki El 1923.

Daffodils. Among other outdoor — grown
flowers, besides Daffodils, there were good
exhibits of Primroses, Polyanthus, blue, red
yellow. purple, and Primula species by Miss
WHITE-ATKINS, Mr. Hoyurs. and Miss
HINCHLIFFE : also Anemones, Tulipa florentina.
Grape Hyacinths, other Hyacinths, ‘Priteletas.
Hellebores, ete... by Mr. T. JENNiInGs, Mr.
C. F. T. HiNcuLiFFE, and Miss HINCHLIFFE.

Few flowering shrubs were shown, but
Lady CovcHMAN, put up a small group. It
being a bad year for keeping Apples, only
one good exhibit of six sorts was displaycd
by Col. Evarr.

The show was well .attended and evoked
unstinted admiration.

MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND
ORCHID.

3rd. — Commitee present :
Ashworth (in the chair) H.
A. Burns, A. Coningsby. |.
Giles, A. Keeling, 4.
Arthur

FRIDAY,
Messrs. R.
Astley Bell,
Cypher, J. Evans, C.
Lupton, E. W. Thompson, and H.
(Secretary).

April

First CLAss CERTIFICATES.
(purecntuge

spotted
From S.

Odontoglossum Crimson Morn.
unknown). -A round flower, densely
with crimson on a pink ground.
GRATRIX, Esq.

Odontioda Zenobia var. Rouge Dragon- A
well-shaped flower of reddish-ehocolate colour
with a large, flat lip: the tip of the column
is white. From A. HANMER, Esq.

Brasso-Cattleya Vilmoriana, Rutherfords variety.

A large. flower. of even colour: the large,
round lip has a bright yellow. throat. From
Col. Nir J. RUTHERFORD, Bt.
AWARDS OF MERIT.
Odontoglossum crispum Antinous: O. Dicture

(amabilis Her Majesty) : and Cattleya Douari
var. Imperator. From A. HANMER, Esq.

Cypripedium Cardemona var. Beta (carola
Desdemona). From P. Smrru, Esq.

The Secretary informs us that the Oneidium
exhibited by J. McCartney, Esq. at the
last meeting (see p. 228) has proved to be
the rare Oncidium clirysodipterum, and has
been recorded as Oncidium ehrysodipterum,
Hey House variety.

GROUPS.

S. GRATRIX, Esq., West Point (gr. Mr. C.
Branch) staged a group for which a Nilver-

Gilt Medal was awarded.

A large Silver Medal was
HANMER, Esq., Buxton (gr.
for a group in variety.

Mrs. Bruce and Miss WRIGLEY, Bury (gr.

awarded to A.
Mr. G. Giles),

Mr. A. Burns), were awarded a Silver Medal
for an exhibit of Orchids.

Messrs. J. CYPHER AND Sons, Cheltenhain,
staged a group to which a Silver Medal
was awarded.

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL.

APRIL 7 and 8.—Although the hall at
Vincent Square was not so well filled with
flowers and plants, nor so crowded with
Visitors as on recent occasions, there was.
nevertheless, a fine exhibition in which
Orchids figured prominently. Daffodils and
hardy flowers, Cinerariag and Carnations.
Roses and forced flowering. shrubs were other
interesting features. Some idea of the quality
of certain displays may be gathered frorn
the fact that the awards recommended
included three gold medals.

Orchid Committee.

Present: Sir Jeremiah Colman (m the
chair), Mr. Gurney Wilson (Hon. Sec.). Sir
J. Rutherford, and Messrs. R. Broman White.
C. J. Lucas, H. T. Pitt, S. W. Flory
Arthur Dye. H. G. Alexander, Fred. K. Sander.
J. G. Shill. Chas. H. Curtis, J. €. Cowan.
A. McBean. T. Armstrong. 1:. R. Ashton.
and J. Wilson Potter.

APRIL ll. 1925.

AWARDS OF MERIT.
Odontoglossum Clodagh (Lakinac .: Nathaniel).

A distinct novelty with large flowers of fine

form. The chief colour is rich chocolate-red,

rendered the more effective by irregular,
vein-like markings of white, and white,
mauve-tinted tips. The lip is broad, white

with yellow crest and deep red markings.
Shown by HK. Gerrisu, Esq. (gr. Mr. Sorrell,
Salisbury.

Odontoglossum Cordoba (eximium Doris). —
The plant of this showy hybrid carried
eleven flowers of excellent size, form, and

substance, arranged in ;
sturdy spike. The rounded blooms are deep
red, margined with blush white and fringed
along the edges. Lip white, with an irregular
red blotch and a yellow crest. Shown by
R. GERRISH, Esq.

Cymbidium Vesta vur. Thelma (Alecanderi

insigne Sanderac).—A_ lovely Orchid, with
large rounded flowers, well expanded and
admirably displayed on the spike. The colour
is warm rose pink, slightly deeper at the
margins of the sepals and petals. The lip is
pink with deep crimson spots and a yellow
crest. Shown by Messrs. J. and A. McBray.

pleasing fashion on a

GROUPS.
A beautiful

group of Orchids was con-
tributed by R. GERRIsSH, Esq, The Manor,
Milford, Salisbury. This was also an
extensive exhibit and contained grandly
grown specimens of Cymbidium Pauwelsii,
C. insigne roseum, Odontoglossum Mercier,
O. Eulalia (very fine), O. crispum var.
"arem, O. majesticum Gerrish's var., O.
crispum Xanthotes, O. Pescatorei, Odontioda

Genadier, O. Gwendoline, and O. Vuylstekeae.
There were many other grand plants repre-
senting these genera, besides Cattleya Douai,
C. Cowaniana alba superba, Brasso-Cattleya
Apollo. B..C. Cliftonit magnifica with three
gorgeous flowers, Laelio-Cattleya Hassellii
alba and some Dendrobiums. Not only was
every plant a fine one but all were
admirably displayed in a setting of Moss
and Ferns. (Gold Medal.).
The exhibit shown by H.
(gr. Mr. Thurgood), Rosslyn,
was, as usual, full of interest, for in
addition to good Cymbidiums, Odonto-
glossums, and Odontiodas, there were ex-
amples of Angraecum sesquipedale, Maxillaria
Sanderae with three of its quaintly attrac-
tive flowers; Epidendrum Endresio-Wallisii,
Masdevallia triangularis, the rare Dendrobium

T. Pirr, Esq.
Stamford Hill,

Ashworthiae, and D. Griffithianum. (Silver
Banksian Medal).
Messrs. CHARLESWORTH AND Co. exhibited

a group of fine plants in which hybrid Odonto-
glossums figured freely. A few of the leading
subjects were Odontoglossum citrinum with
two long spikes, several superb forms of
home-raised O. crispum, O. eximium Xan-
thotes, O. Syriax, and O. Crethus. Miltonia
Wm. Pitt carried four fine blooms, and
Laelio-Cattleya G. S. Ball was prominent
with its brilliant orange-yellow flower. Other
good things included Brasso-Cattleya Oberon,
Odontioda Bradshawiae, O. Charlesworthii,
and Sophro-Laelio-Cattleya Anzac carrying
six splendid blooms. (Silver-Gilt Banksian
Medal).

Messrs. J. AND A. McBean contributed the
outstanding exhibit on this occasion. Theirs
was a grand display and the plants were
put up in a delightful fashion, so that each
was seen to advantage, and all combined
to produce a beautiful effect. Cymbidiums
and superb spikes of Odontoglossums formed
the centre and background, while choice
Odontiodas, Odontoglossums, Laclio-Cattleyas,
and Cattleyas formed the body and foreground
of the display. We have space only for the
names of a few outstanding plants :—Laelio-
Cattleya Warnhamensis, Brasso-Cattleya Lee-
manise, B.-C. Alexandrina, B.C. Cliftoni
magnifica, Cattleya Cowaniae alba, Adaglossa
ourantiaca, Odontoglossum crispum in grand
form, O. Pyramus, and Oncidium MeBeanianum

(Gold Medal).

THE GARDENERS

Some large Cymbidiums were somewhat
thinly displayed, with Odontoglossums by
Messrs. SANDERS. Capital kinds were C.

Garnet var. Amethyst, C. Pauwelsii, C. Ceres
in variety, C. Seamew, C. Joy Sander, witli
Oneidiuin barbatum, O. Papilio majus, Odonto-
glossum Queen Alexandra, and Pholidota ven-
tricosa (Silver Banksian Medal).

Mr. H. Dixon Wandsworth Common,
showed large plants of Brasso-Cattleya Digbyana
Mendelii, and B.-C. Albion, with a few choice

seedling Odontoglossums, and & bright un-
named Sophro-Cattleya (Bronze — Banksian
Medal) Messrs. CowAN AND Co. showed a

few choice Odontoglossums and Odontiodas, and
Messrs. FLORY AND Back contributed Laelio-
Cattleya H. T. Pitt var. superba carrying
grand blooms.

Floral Committee.

Section A. Present: Messrs. H. B. May
(in the Chair), Arthur Turner, H. J. Jones,
J. M. Bridgeford, W. Howe, M. C. Allwood,
F. Streeter, F. G. Cousins, G. W. Leak, D.
B. Crane, Chas. E. Pearson, J. B. Riding,
and W. Cartwright (Secretary).

Section B.— Present: Mr. Chas. T. Musgrave
(n the Chair). Sir Wm. Lawrence, Messrs.
W. J. Bean, G. Reuthe, W. B. Cranfield, R.
C. Noteutt, F. G. Preston, E. A. Bowles
E. H. Wilding, and Clarence Elliott.

AWARDS OF MERIT.

Primula malacoides Golden Eye.—This cle-
gant and dainty development of a well-
known species cannot fail to become a
popular greenhouse plant. It is free-flowering
and has much larger flowers than those of
the type and these have longer pedicels,

with the result that the spikes have a
better furnished appearance. A well grown
plant carrying half-a-dozen spikes is very
pleasing. The flowers are white, with a

small, golden eye.
CARTER AND Co.

Primula | Barbara Barker-—A dwarf free-
flowering variety obtained by crossing P.
Linda Pope with P. Zulieka Dobson. The
leaves are stiff, light-green, much narrower
than those of an Auricula. The flowers are
large, of finely rounded form and carried in
a fairly large head. They are clear bluish
mauve with a narrow white ring around the
eye. Shown and raised by Mr. CLARENCE
ELLIOTT.

Carnation Shot Silk.—This large and showy
variety was described in our issue of April 4
and figured on p. 241. Shown by Messrs.
ALLWOOD Bros.

Rhodothamnus | Chamaecistus.—This procum-
bent rock-garden shrub was introduced from
the Austrian Alps in 1786. It thrives best

Shown by Messrs. Jas.

in full sunshine when the roots can pene-
trate to a cool, moist soil The small
elliptical leaves are nearly stemless and
margined with conspicuous bristles. The
terminal clusters of from two to four
flowers are of clear rose-pink colour, fully

expanding and rather more than an inch in
diameter. "The prominent filaments add to
the attractions of the shrub, which, under
congenial conditions, is exceedingly floriferous.
Shown by Mr. CLARENCE ELLIOTT.
Lachenelia glaucescens ?.—In this plant the
flowers are more or less erect on the spike

instead of being spreading as is the case
with L. Nelsonii and other garden forms.
They are transparent, greenish-white with
yellow colouring on the inner segments.

The strap-shaped leaves are deep green with
small dull chocolate or maroon spots. Shown
by the Rev. J. JACOB.

GROUPS.

The high quality, us well as the quantity,

of the exhibits of Roses, augurs well for
the success of the spring show of the

National Hose Society which is to be held
later in the month. The variety Rosclandina,
which has been shown by Messrs. STUART
Low AND Co. last year on various occasions,
again received a deal of well-deserved atten-

CHRONICLE.

—r — — — — — — —

—— —— መ — ው —ñ ዱ›. —ñ —s — — — — MÀ M M — — ——

tion. lt has a most shapely bud borne on
long stout stems and the rich orange-
yellow colour becomes tipped with the palest
Primrose at maturity. An unnamed pink
H.T. Rose, also shown by Messrs. STUART Low
AND CO. possesses much more than average
merit. Here again the buds are of delightful
form while the colouring is a fascinating
shade of rich pink.

An excellent collection of cut Roses, well
set up by Messrs. BEN R. Cant AND SONS,
included several sterling novelties. Diana
might well be described as being 4 double-
flowered Isobel, as it possesses the rich,
warm colouring and breadth of petal of that
popular variety. Mrs. Beattie is a fully
double H.T. of splendid form, rich fragrance,
and real Maréchal Niel colouring. The long
stems carry the blooms well Lady French,
another shapely H.T. variety, is of good
size and Souvenir de la Malmaison Carnation
colour, with delicate sweetness. (Silver
Banksian Medal.)

Such well-known H.T. varieties as Chas.
Jj. Shea, America, Madame Butterfly, Betty
Uprichard and Ophelia were splendidly shown

by Mr. ELnisHA J. Hicks. Not only were
the blooms of exceptional size, but their
colours were unusually bright. (Silver

Banksian Medal.)

In a corner group, Messrs. A. J. AND C.
ALLEN displayed magnificent plants of such
climbing Roses as Havering Rambler, Excelsa
and White Dorothy, rising above large
vases of Mrs. Beckwith, Maud Cuming,
America, Betty Uprichard, and other valuable
sorts. (Silver Banksian Medal.)

Messrs. WM. CUTBUSH AND SONS associated

various Polyantha Roses with their exhibit
of flowering shrubs.
An exceptionally fine strain of Primula

obconica was shown by Mr. W. J. JENNINGS,
The Mental Hospital, Napsbury, St. Albans.
The splendidly-grown plants were dwarf and
floriferous, carrying big trusses of large
blooms. In every instance the yellow or
golden eye of the flowers was very pronounced.
The chief varieties were Crimson King, a
particularly valuable and distinct variety,
Fringed Pink, Giant Pink, Dark Wedgwood,
of lovely blue colour; Sir Knight, bright
rosy-mauve; Lilac Time, delicate mauve petals
and a yellow eye. (Silver Banksian Medal.)

In a floor group, Messrs. SUTTON AND
Sons displayed Cineraria stellata Feltham
Beauty. This is an admirable strain of

dwarf, spreading plants bearing large heads
of graceful flowers in a variety of charming
colours. (Silver Banksian Medal.)

Besides their Roses, Messrs. Stuart Low
AND Co. staged some particularly good plants
of Hippeastrum, various Mimosas (Acacias),

Camellias, Azalea indica’ varieties, and
Boronia megastigma. (Silver Banksian Medal.)
In an adjoining group Mr. G. H.

DALRYMPLE set up a great many of his
coloured Freesias in order to illustrate their
special value as cut flowers. Many of them
were seedlings, but the collection also
contained the rich, yellow, Goldfinch, Old
Rose, Bluebeard, Buttercup, Cream Cheese,
and Mouette. (Silver-gilt Banksian Medal.)

Greenhouse Carnations were again very
well shown by Messrs. ALLWOOD Bros. and
by Mr. C. ENGELMANN (Silver Banksian
Medals). The former included their new
Master Michael Stoop and Beauty of Durham,
a vivid rose cerise variety. Chief amongst
Mr. ENGELMANN’S varieties were Mrs. Hamilton
Fellowes, Gipsy and Red Laddie.

A well arranged group of forced shrubs
was exhibited by Messrs. L. R. RUSSELL,
Lro. In the foreground two groups of
Azalea Hinodigiri provided massed colour of
great effect. Wistarias, Pyruses, Laburnums
and Clematis, Marie Boisselot, C. Crimson
King and C. Lasurstern were also well
worthy of special mention (Silver Banksian
Medal).

A number of new Chinese Rhododendrons
were included by Messrs. HILLIER AND SONS
in a very interesting collection of hardy
shrubs. ‘These Hhododendrons were mostly

— — — — - መ —-

of the dwarf, free, small flowered typo.
The chief, R. inegeratum ; blush, R. telma-
teium, pale purplish blush; R. fastigiatum
forma and R. racemosum. Besides these
there were plants of several large foliaged
species, notably R. sino-grande. At tho back
of the Rhododendrons there were good
flowering examples and various Cherries,
Forsythias and Pyruses (Silver-gilt Banksian
Medal).

Various Rhododendrons, chiefly Himalayan
hybrids, were also shown by Mr. G. REUTHE,
who also staged Camellias and such alpines
as Anemone fulgens, Saxifrages and Primulas.

In a rockery group MESssRs. CUTBUSH AND
Son exhibited Rhododendron Pink Pearl,
Cystus Dallimorei, Japanese Azaleas and
Alpines (Silver Banksian Medal).

Iris Susiana, I. eristata and I. Bucharica.
with Erythoniums, and the yellow Poppy-
like Stylophorum dyphyllum were contributed
by Messrs. WaTERER, SONS AND CRISP
(Silver Banksian Medal). Several desirable
Primulas, principally P. cashmeriana Ruby,
P. frondosa, and P. denticulata magnifica
were included in an exhibit by Messrs.
BaxEns Lrp. (Bronze Banksian Medal).

Rock garden exhibits were made by Messns.
MAXWELL AND BEALE (Bronze Banksian
Medal) who included Menziesia empetrifolia,
and Gazanea splendens; by Mr. CLARENCE
ErLroTT (Silver Banksian Medal) who had
Primula pubescens alba aud the lovely white-
eyed, mauve coloured P. Mrs. J. H. Wilson;
by Messrs. W. H. Rogers AND Son
(Silver Banksian Medal) whose outstanding
plants were Primula atropurpurea, P. Crispii,
Gaultheria procumbens and Cupressus tetragona
var.

Many Saxifrages, Ancmones and Primulas
were planted in goodly batches by Messrs.

M. PRITCHARD AND Sons (Bronze Banksian
Medal. Messrs. J. CHEAL AND Sons showed
Alpines and early flowers of Star and
Mignon Dahlias (Bronze Banksian Medal).
Messks. SKELTON AND KInBy associated
Violas and Saxifrages with Hoop Petticoat
Daffodils.

In a well arranged rock garden Messrs.
CARTER PaGE AND Co. planted attractive
batehes of Narcissus triandrus varieties, N.
citrinus, Primula denticulata alba, Puschkinia

scillioides and Anemone Pulsatilla (Silver Bank-

sian Medal). Mn. F. J. Woop showed Crown
Imperials, Andromeda rosmarinifolia and
Hyacinthus paradoxa with other alpines
(Bronze Banksian Medal).

Excellent strains of Polyanthuses — were
shown by 318. G. A. MILLER, Messrs. J.
AND ላ. H. Crook and Mrs. BARNARD,

Duncote Hall, Towcester. In the last named
there were Purple Robe, Radiance and Cherry
Ripe of rich shades of purple and = maroon.

Mr. B. PINNEY agam showed Violets.
Messrs. REAMSBOTTOM AND Co. exhi-
bited their usual collection of very fine St. Brigid
Anemones, and MR. J. KLINKERT exhibited
topiary specimens.

Narcissus and Tulip Committee.

Present: Mr. E. A. Bowles (in the Chair),
Mrs. Brodie, Miss Willmott, Rev. J. Jacob,
and Messrs. Herbert Smith, W. F. M. Copeland,
G. Churcher, F. Barchard, Rollo Meyer G.
W. Leak, J. de Graaff. J. W. Jones, Geo.
Monro, F. H. Chapman, W. B. Cranfield,
W. Poupart, Chas. H. Curtis, and Robt. W.
Ascroft (Secretary).

AWARDS OF MERIT.

Narcissus Irene Copeland -—A distinet new
double variety, in whieh the larger segments
are pale greenish vellow and the smaller
ones, interspersed among the inner paler ones,
reddish orange. 11 is a fine flower but not
particularly attractive ቦዮ refined. The award
was granted as a show flower. Shown by
Mr. W. F. M. CopELAxD. Southampton.

Pilgrimage, FL 0. bright and well-propor-
tioned incomparabilis variety. bt was raised
by the Brodie of Brodie, and the colour is
rieh yellow, the large cup having an orange
tint in the yellow. Exhibited and awarded

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

as a show flower. Shown by Mr. F. HERBERT
CHAPMAN.

GROUPS.

Messrs. BARR AND SoNs were awarded a
Gold Medal for a most meritorious display

of Narcissi, every bloom being in the highest
condition of perfection, and the varieties
representative of the choicest sorts in culti-
vation. In all there were some three hundred
and fifty varietios including numerous seed-
lings raised in the firm's nursery in Cornwall.
Prominent vases were Crosus, with cream
perianth and orange red crown; Empire, a
large bloom of the Leedsii type with well
formed perianth and pale citron crown;
Tamora, a big white Trumpet Daffodil;
Silver Fleece of the Triandrus section, with
twin flowers, pure white; Ruby, a variety
of the Barri type, with a beautiful deep
orange cup and pure white perianth of
regular outline; Gold Herald, a model yellow
Trumpet variety, the tone being very rich;
and Lord Kitchener, a Leedsii with broad,
white perianth and delicate primrose cup,
this variety being of value for gardens owing
to its strong constitution; others of special

merit were Sweet Peggy, Orange Sceptre,
Royal Gold, Buttercup, a Jonquil hybrid;
Village Beauty, Sunny Lass and Apricot
Glow. |
Messrs. R. H. Batu, Lrp., made a feature

with the big Trumpet Daffodil Golden Sunrise
in their exhibit, which contained many pro-
mising seedlings under numbers, and such
beautiful varieties as Golden Dustman, Crystal
Queen, Bath's Flame, Duke of Bedford and
Van Waveren's Giant (Silver Banksian Medal).

Messrs. J. CARTER AND Co. were awarded
a Silver Banksian Medal for baskets of Tulips
and Lachenalias. The display was arranged
to produce a decorative effect and the result
was very pleasing. Big. round baskets were
filled with such beautiful Tulipa as William
Copland; Murillo, pale pink, and Reve d'Or.
the use of Palms and Mahonia foliage as
foils being in good taste. Two large baskets
contained well-flowered plants of Lachenalia
Nelsonii.

Fruit and Vegetable Committee.

Present :-—Messra. C. G. A. Nix (Chairman), W.
Poupart, ነኛ. G. Lobjoit, Geo. F. Tinley,
P. A. Tuckett, 8. B. Dicks, ላ. Bullock.
A. Metealfe, E. A. Bunyard, W. H. Divers,
J. Cheal, T. Pateman, E. Beckett, H. Prince,
P. €. M. Veitch, J. Wilson, F. Jordan and
A. N. Rawes.

Mr. R. B. Rocers, Hexworthy, Launceston,
Cornwall, showed fruits of the Japanese
Quince, Cydonia lagenaria var. Wilsonii. ‘They

were as large as Codlin Apples and Mr.
Beckett stated that they make excellent
jellv.

Messrs. G. BuNvYARD AND Co. again showed

varieties of Apples representing a selection
of the best sorts in season. They were
Jonathan, Sturmer Pippin, Reinette Zucca-
maglio, with rich golden skin and flushed

red on the sunny side, and spotted like King
Harry which it somewhat resembles in shape ;
Christmas Pearmain, Ontario, Lord Burghley,
Alfriston, Allen's Everlasting, Norman's Pippin,

Wagener, Heusgen’s Golden Reinette, and
Claygate Pearmain.
FALMOUTH SPRING FLOWER SHOW.

APRIL 1 AND 2.—The collections of hardy
and half-hardy flowering shrubs whieh were
displayed at Gyllyngdune, Falmouth, last
week rivalled those at any previous show
held in the Duehy of Cornwall. Both
numerically and in brilhanee of colouring

Rhododendrons took pride of
the competitive classes. the
won by R. Barcray Fox,
his collection, Rhododendron
half-hardy, white-floowered
by Delavay from Yunnan
ago, received a deal of
BancrLaY Fox was
exhibitor of Azalcas

place, and in
first prizes. were
Esq. Amongst
cilnealyx. the
species, introduced
some forty years
admiration, Mr. H.
also the most. successful
and of Camellias. Mrs.

APRIL ]], 1925.

C. Hext, J.P., Trebah, Mawvan, also showed
good collections of Rhododendrons.

The best collection of sprays of shrubs.
excluding Rhododendrons and Azaleas, was

staged by Capt. Dowmay, = Trevissome.
Flushing. and he also won first prizes for
the best spray of Acacia, and for unforced
spring flowers other than hard-wood««l
shrubs.

Competition with Violets is always keen

at Cornish spring. shows, and on the present
occasion the previous high quality was fully

maintained. Miss E. PREweEtTr showed the
best singles, while Miss 1)ላ18(ሪረ was first
with double-flowered Violets.

The best collection of Narcissus in the

amateurs’ classes was exhibited by Mr. G. G.
Lawson, while Mr. H. J. Morris was
similarly successful with * Ajaz“ Daffodils,
and in the market growers class Mrs. BATES
won the first prize.

Trade exhibits were an important feature
of the show, and Gold Medals were awarded
to Messrs. BARR AND Sows, Messrs. ROBERT
VEITCH AND NON, Messrs. ALLWOOD Bros..
Messrs. Stuart Low anp Co, Messrs. W
Rusk AND Sons, and to the Drvon RoskERY

Co., for their excellent contributions.

| Obituary.

Roderick McInnes.—As a
plications after influenza.
McInnes, head gardener.
Aberdeenshire, died in the
Infirmary. Mr. McInnes
from Craigievar Castle, Aberdeenshire, nine
years ago, where he very soon gained the
respect and esteem. of his employers. Sir
John H. Seton, Bt.. of Cushnie, and Lady
Seton sent a beautiful wreath in memory. of
one they held in great regard. Deceased 15
survived by a widow and four sons.

result of eom-
Mr. Roderick
Cushnie House.
Aberdeen Royal
went to Cushnie

death of Mr
Mr. John

We regret to announce. the
Noah Kneller of | Laverstoke ;
Roberts, formerly of Gunnersbury; and Mr.
Geo. P. Bound of Brimstone Park. We also
regret. that owing to the early date on which
we have to go dto press this week the
obituary notices. of these three excellent
gardeners must be reserved until. our next
ISSUE,

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

H. አ. The

caused by

UNHEALTHY:
foliage is not
but is the result of an
injury from some cause, such as over-
watering or damage through the use of
some strong fumigant. Most probably it 15
the result of a check at the roots caused
through improper watering, but both an
excess or Insufficiency of moisture would
be likely to result in the tips of the
leaves and the edges of the margins
dying. Neeing that some of the roots are
decayed in the pots the most likely cause
158 excessive. moisture. We do not think
that lime in the water would be likely to
cause the trouble.

VARIOUS PLANTS
injury to the
organie disease

Grains of
Amomum Mele-

PARADISE: ፣ .1. L.
the seeds of

(TRAINS OF
Paradise are

gueta, a species belonging to the Ginger
family. The seeds are aromatic, carmina-
tive, and at one. time were used 10 give

8 false strength to beer and other liquors.

The seeds of some other species oi
Amomum are also known 11. India as
Grains oof Paradise, and probably those

sold by bird-sced) dealers are not confined

to any one species,

Communications Received.—(. 11. N.—A. s. W-
E. H.-N.J.—A. UG-W. ES pA. 15. RG. N. D —
J. M. W.—b. M.-F. €. B.-A. ነነ. G.

APRIL 11, 1926.

MARKETS.

COVENT GARDEN, Monday, April Gth, 1925.

Plants in Pots, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.
(All 48'3 except where otherwise stated).

Adiantum s. d. s. d. s. d.s. d. |
ee o Cyrtomium ..10 00-150 -
Ber uo: - 100-130 | Erica melanthera, |

—elegans “- .- 10 0-12 0 | 48's per doz. ... 21 0-300 -

Aralia Sieboldii... 9 0-10 0 ' — —60’s, per doz. 8 0-10 0

Araucarias, — per :
doz. ... 30 0-42 0 | Hyacinths, in |

Asparagus plu- boxes— |

"mos 12 0-18 0 | se, pink ane

à E I : blue, per doz.

—Sprengeri ... 12 0-18 0 | goles 30-40

Aspidistra, green 36 0-60 0 . i

isplentiitá xis ' Marguerites. white.

: dor ነ d 12 0-18 0 | — 48's per doz. ... 18 0-30 0 |

— 32's ... 24 0-30 0 Nephrolepis, in i

—nidus ... 12 0-15 0 variety ... ... 12 018 0

Azaleas, per doz. 15 0-36 0 —32's Zn ... 24 0-36 :

Cacti, s Palms, Kentia ... 30 0-48

Cor Da 465. oco] “መሄራ ... 15 0-18 O

Cinerarias, doz. 15 0-240. ር proud E d x |

z ነ . 30 0450 | —

Crotons per doz —small 40-50

Cyclamen— :

—32's ..96 0-48 0 | —'72', per tray

—48's ... 24 0-30 0 of 15's ... 2 6- 3

Cut Flowers, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.

Adiantum deco- 8.d.s.d. 8. d. S. d.
rum, doz. bun. 18 0-24 0 Roses, per doz. blooms

—cuneatum, per Liberty 5 0- 80
doz. bun. ... 12 0-15 0 — Madame Butter-

Aspar: us, plu- fiy . .. 9 0-120
mos..', per bun. | —Mme. Abel
long trails, 6s 20-30 Chatenay 4 60
med. sprays ... 1 6-20 —Melothy — —
short — ,, . 00-13 —Niphetos 40-46
—Sprengeri, per bun. | —Ophelia ... 8 0-12 0
long sprays 16-20. —Sunburst . 70-90
med. ,, .. 10-16 | Ruscus, French,
short s . 04-10 : per un. — 10-20
Azalea. white, per Smulax, per doz. ke
doz. hen. ... ህ 0-10 0 ማጣ J—— 30-36
Bou white, ir $ ris, per
per | . oun.... 12 0-15 0 Bia un. — "PT
' alias — Dine ee ... 40 0-36 0
Camellias, White, — yis
z —Mauve ... ... 30 0-30 በ
per DOE s PU White 36 0-42 0
Carnations, per “ት 'ከ Gee! ከ ር.
doz. blooms 40-56 | gw ep SCC መ
Croton leaves, ' ee i eas pe TET
var., doz. leaves 0 0- 2 0 Talin d MEL. -0
: ulips, per bunch—
Daffodils— —Bartagon 1 6-30
—Emperor, per —Clara Butt ... 20-30
doz. bun. PM 10 0-12 0 ' —('ouronne d'Or 20-20
—King Alfred, — | —La Reine . 16-20
per doz. bun. .. 12 0-13 0 | ..Princeof Austria 1 9- 2 0
—obvallaris, per 7 —W m. Copland... 20 3 0
doz. bun. . 90-50 | Farncombe
—Sir Watkin, per Sanders ... 20-30
doz. hun. ... 50-60 | _White Swan... 20-26
Fern, French, per Violets, per doz.
doz. bun. 9-13 bun. .. .. 20-40
Freesia, white,
per doz. bun, 2 0- 3 0 French Flowers—
Galax, American, | Anemone, dble.
green and bronze, pink, per doz... 3 6- 3
per doz. bun. ... — 30 | —De Caen, mixed,
Lilac, Dutch, per per doz. BE TM.
Lilium speciosum doz. "a ... 20-3
rubrum, long, | Freesia, long, per
per doz. blooms 4 0- 5 0 pa 1 ... 12 0-14
—short TONET 30-410 Marguerite, yellow,
Lilium longiflorum per pad ... .. 8 0-10
long. per doz. ... 10 0-12 0 | Marigolds, per pad 7 0-10
Lily-of-the-Valley, Narcissus—
perdoz. bun. ... 24 0-36 0 —Grand Primo, .
Narcissus— per doz. bun. ... 40-50
—Scilly White, per | Ranunculus, dble.
doz. bun. S. 30-30 scarlet, doz.
—ornatus, per | bun. ... .. 8 0-10 0
doz. bun. 5 0-10 0 —(Cuarmine, — per
Orchids, per doz. . doz. bun. .. 8 0-12 0
—Cattleyas ... 24 0-30 0 Star (Allium),
—Cypripediums... 5 0- 7 0 per pad, 48”ኣ ... 16 0-18 0
Primroses, per Stock, double
doz. bun. . 1620 white, per pad
Prunus triloba 24 bunches 8 0-10 0
(Dutch), per bun. 1 0- 1 6 | —double coloured 8 0-10 0 -
Richardias (Arums) Violets, Parma,
per doz. .። 10 0-13 0 ) per bun. e. ዓ ዑ-3 0
Roses, per doz. —single, per pad 6 0- 80
blooms, Rich- | Wallflowers, per —
mond .. 40-፲0 | pad M 00-80

REMARKS.— All cut blooms will be in great demand

for the Easter. season. and it is difficult. to give a
correct quotation of prices for the next few days.
Riehardias (Arams) and Liliuin. longitlorum. will be in

great demand; there is likely to. ከኮ a very. limited
supply of the latter flower and a general rise in price
is anticipated. Daffodils are arriving in good condition,
both from home growers and the Channel Islands:
supplies from the latter have been fairly heavy during
the past week. White Narcissus, meluding Narcissus
ornatus will be in much demand, Supplies of. Carna-
tions may be shorter. than. those of Roses, aecording
to the weather conditions: all blooms of the
are arriving in excellent condition, includiug some fine

flowers of white Molly Sharman Crawford. Other principal |

co oc = = c

latter —

. bitter pit, the fruits generally are in fair condition.

© demand.

sorts of Roses are: Mine. Butterfly, Mine. Abel Chatenay,
Ophelia, Liberty, Richmond, Sunburst und Golden Ophelia.

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

Spanish Irises are arriving in a much improved condition .
and they include blue, mauve, white and yellow varieties. |

Tulips have been in rather poor condition during the
past week ; best blooms remain firm in price. Sweet Peas
are improving in quality, but supplies are very limited.

White Camellias, white Azaleas and Lily-of-the-Valley all |

find a ready sale.
supply for some time past, especially Smilax, which is
now coming from Guernsey. Amongst the French flowers
the most demand will be for White Stock, Allium (Star).

All foliage has been a very irregular |

scarlet and pink Anemones, Violets aud Marguerites.
White and mauve Lilac. which is now arriving from
Holland in good condition, will meet with a good
demand.

Fruit : Average Wholesale Prices.
Apples— s. d. s. d. s. d. s. d.
—Albermarle ... 45 0-55 0 Grape Fruit,
—Oregon New- Cuban .. .. 18 0-22 0

town .. ... 14 0-17 6 —Jamaica . 18 0-20 0
—Branley's Seed- —Florida ... .. 20 0-27 6

ling vis ... 12 0-18 0 Lemons, Messina,
—Australasian— er box... 8 0-12 0
—Jonathan ... 18 0-20 0 —Murcia ... . 10 614 0
—Cox's Orange —Naples ... ... 16 0-20 0

Pippin ... ... 28 0-30 0 Oranges. Jaffa ... 16 0-17 0
—Reinette du | —Spanish—

Canada ... ... 14 0-16 0 —300's . 16 0-35 0
—Five Crown —360's 14 0-22 0

Pippin ... ... 18 0-20 0 5048 ... ... 14 0-22 6
Bananas, singles 16 0-25 0 | -Messina Blood — 16 0
—doubles roaro F Eear. Out

AA woe AS ~ African—

Grapes— ae boe 2 i 0- 6 0
Z l ' — Beurré Die , 0-50

eie ri — 20-40 | —Beurré Hardy 4 0-00
G "dip oe —Louise Bonne of

rapfs, South Jersey 40-60

African— Pines .... .. 30-50
—White Hanepoot 5 0- 8 0 South African
—Red Hanepoot 10 0-15 0 Plums, Kelsey 50 80
— Barbarossa . 10 0-12 0 Strawberries, per
—Rosaki ... 9 0-12 0 Ib. ue ..10 0-20 0

Vegetables: Average Wholesale Prices.
8. d. s. d. s. d. s. d.

Beans. Guernsey, Mushrooms, cups 30- 40

per lb. ... ie 2026 —broilers ... 29-30.
— Worthing 20-26 Onions, Valencia, DER
"St r case ... 15 6-17 0

— pe 6 0-10 0 | —English, percwt.12 6-14 0 |
Beets, per cwt... 50-60 | Parsnips, perewt. 40-50

Peas, French, per

Cabbage, per tally 10 0-12 6 cane .... . - 100

Canary Island —Guernsey forced

Tomatos ... 18 0-22 6 per lb. . 2640

Cauliflowers, per Potatos. Canary

doz. .. ... 40-30 Island— |

Forced Mint, per —Spring crop ... 18 0-20 0 -

doz. = .. 10-10 0 ል ቸሩ per On —

‘hi : 2 = ow —punbar ... 21 0
Chicory: per Wan , ን —King Edward 100 0-210 0
Carrots, per bun. 60 80 —White "E 90 0-160 0
—New .. .. — — —New Guernsey lb. 0 8-0 10
Cucumbers, per —Jersey ... . 0 8-0 10

doz. Y . 60-80 ; Scilly 0 8-0 10
- ... 20 0-22 0 | Radishes—

] Plats ] , —Guernsey round 1 0-20.
Dutch Onions ... 11 6-12 6 —Guernsey long 1 0-16 |
Endive, per doz. 1 3- 30 —French Break- :

zia, pe . 30-30 ast .. ... 20-30

Batavia, per doz Rhubarb. Forced,

French Asparagus— per doz. 2 30
—Cavaillon . 50-30 EN S »» nar

: ና ልኸ: Natural" per
—Paris Green +6 76 -

4 2 S OZ. ... ። የ 0-10 0
—Lauris ... 920-76 | Savoys, per tally 12 6-15 0
Greens, best, per Seakale, per doz.

bag bu . 10-00 punnets — 0-24 0

1. Spinach, per 615 0- 70

Horseradish. pet 120 | Sweet Potatos... — 30
- is Hh Tomatos, English,

Leeks, per doz. 3 per Ib. ... .. 96-40.

bundles... . 2636 Turnips, new, per

Lettuce, per doz. 1 0- 3 0 doz. bun. .. 8 0-12 0
—Cos .. 60-80 Turnip Tops, per

—Outdoor 26-30 bag... .. 40 00

REMARKS.—The Easter holiday trade has been respon-
sible for a more active demand in almost all sections.
Imported shipments of fruits from South Africa are ቤ
leading feature of the market. The consignments at the
moment consist mainly of Grapes, Pears, and Plums.
Some early hothouse Black Hamburgh Grapes are
arriving from Worthing, but the competition of
Australian and Cape Grapes are not helpful to good
prices. The first shipment of Australian Apples has
been marketed, and except for some instances of
English
Bramley's Seedling Apples from cool chambers are still
meeting a good market at comparatively high prices.
Cucumbers are a firm trade with quantities about normal.
A few Tomatos are arriving from Worthing and the Lea
Valley and are very dear. Seakale has been a good
trade. Foreed vegetables. such as Beans. Peas and new
Potatos are enquired for: Asparagus is also selling well.
Mushrooms remain at about the same prices as last
week. Salads are, as is usual at this season, in good
Rhubarb, both forced and natural, has been a
firm business. Trade in old. Potatos is good, considering
that there is a bigger enquiry for new Potatos.

GLASGOW.

The cut flower market was dull during the greater part

of the week, but on Friday a smart. recovery jn. prices -

took place owing to the shortage. of English. supplies,
which benetited home growers. Mavisbank Tulips were
iu strong demand, and although 149 boxes were sent from

|

xi.

that nursery there were not sufficient flowers to go round.
Buyers had consequently to concede higher values, which
averaged as follow :—Bartagon, 14 to 1.0 for 6's: Copland
and Sanders, 1 3 to 1.4; Princess Elizabeth and No. 1
Pink, 1 4 to 1.6; Electra, 1 6: Valentine (new), 12; Tea
Rose, 1 3; Glory and Prince of Austria, 1 -. and Murillo.
101. First arrivals of the variety Triumpaator made 2 -.
Daffodils were also dearer, King Alfred ranging from 12 -

to 14- per doz. bunches; Emperor, 36 to 5-; Golden
Spur, 3 - to 4 -: Barri conspicuus. 36to 4 -;- Horsfieldii
and Victoria, 3 - to 4-: Scotch ornatus, 6- to 9 -:

Guernsey, 4- to 6-. Carnations realised from 2 6 to 46
for medium and 3 - to 6 - for special blooms. while Roses
made 7 - to 9 -for Madame Butterfly, and best Mme. Abel
Chatenay., and 3 - 10 3.- for Mme. Abel. Chatenay and
Mrs. Stevens. Blue Iris (I. filifolia) sold at 3 6 to 4 - per
bunch, and Guernsey at dd. to 6d. for 6's. Inferior Lilac
averaged 6 - for white and 4 - for coloured. Lilium
longiflorum (Harrissii) sold at 7- to 86 per bunch:
Richardias, 0 - to 9-; Lily-of-the-Valley, 1-0 10 2-:
English Violets. 1- to 16: Prunus, 2.6: Wallflower, 1 9
to 3.-, and Hyacinths, 6d. to 9d. for 3'5. Pot Azaleas
were worth 4 - to 46 each; Small Ferns, 3- to 4- per
doz., and strong Wallflower planis. 1 9) to 2 - per box.
Business in the fruit section was rather slow and prices
developed an irregular tendency. Cape Fruits continued
firn at the following quotations: Pears—Beurré Hardy
and Louise Bonne of Jersey, 5 - to 6- per box, Beurré

Bose 56 to 6 6, Buerré Diel 5- to 56, and Beurré
Clairgeau, 49 to 66. Peaches—Elberta 6 - to 7.6,
Gladstone ,) - to 7'-, Freestone, 8 በ to 10-: Grapes—

White Hanepoot. 10/6 to 12:6, red ditto, 12 - to 14 -, and
Hermitage, 10- to 10.6. First consignments of Australian
Pears made 13;- for Bartlett and 14- for Beurré Bose.
Jaffa Oranges declined further to 15- and 17.-, but
Valencias displayed a firmer tendency, the various counts
fluctuating between 15- and 1R- for 360'5 up to 23.- to
35.— for 440's. Barrel Apples were cheaper, especially
Albemarle Pippins, which ranged from 42 - to 20-,
Baldwin (U.S.A.) averaged from 38 - to 48 -, Nova Scotia
26,- to 30, and Ben Davis 2፻- to 32.-, Case Apples were
limited to Oregon Winesap at 16 -- to 20/-, and Newtown
lo- to 18 በ. First arrivals of Guernsey Tomatos realised
5- to 6 - per lb.

New Vegetables found a ready sale. Teneriffe Potatos
made 20 - per case and Pears 8- per ease, Asparagus,
2- and Lettuce 2- per dozen: Cucumbers were
cheaper at 8- to 10 -, Seakale. 2- to 26, Radishes.
26 to 3-, French Turnips, 1 2 to 1 6 per bunch, Syboes,
6.— to ?;-. Madeira Beans were dearer at 7- to 86 per
box. Guernsey Beans, 23 to 2/6. Rhubarb realised 24 -
to 42 - per cwt,

TRADE NOTES.

Tur whole stock of the beautiful and
appropriately named Freesia Wistaria (sec
Gard. Chron., March 14, p. 191, has been
acquired jointly by Mr. George Monro,

Tavistock Strect, Covent Garden, and Messrs.
Dobbie and Co., Edinburgh, but at present
no decision has been arrived at as to the
time and method of its distribution.
KEEPING the garden paths free from weeds
by hand labour is a tiresome, back-aching
business, but this may be avoided by the
use of Eureka weedkiller. This is obtainable
in powder and in liquid form and is
excellent for keeping the gravel paths clean
and bright with a minimum of labour and
without injuring borders or disturbing gravel.
As a consequence of the projected visit:
of His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales
to South America, a stimulus has been given
to trade between the Argentine Republic

and this country. We learn from Messrs.
Sutton and Sons, of Reading, that they
have shipped a very large order to the

Argentine Ministry of Agriculture of vegetable,
flower, and grass seeds, and there arc
signs that their business with the Argentine
will be far in excess of previous records.

GARDENING APPOINTMENTS.

Mr. E. 8. Goff, for six years gardener 10 the late
CoL. ROBERT G. CosBy, at Stradbury Hall, Queens
County, and two years with the late CAPT. DUDLEY
COSBY at the same address. and recently at Bess-
borough Gardens, Piltown, Co. Kilkenny, as gardener
to CoL. and LADY WYNDHAM QUIN, Castletown,
Carrick-on-Suir. (Thanks for 5s. for R.G.O.F. Box.—
EDS.)

Mr. M. Hardwick, previously gardener to =. 11. C.
BosaNQUET, K.C., of Dengestow Court. Monmouth,
as gardener to Miss Binyox, Henwiek Grove,
Worcester.

SCHEDULE RECEIVED.

JURNLEY AND DISTRICT HORTICULTURAL SOCLTETY.—
Thirteenth summer show to ከሁ held in Bank Hall

Meadow, Colne Road, Burnley. on Saturday, August 22.
—Secretary, Mr. Arthur Eastwood, 59, Ennismore Street,
Burnley.

Gub soe . THE. GARDENERS (ዘለ ሩቴ . ዚሙ

ን እ EST? Tess, ! qusqucttzmysne COS E ወ IE ተች ንያ Rice RP ar OEN acp — |
] and hawn ewer, # m ካ POSEEN ———
| —— 8፡7 . ማን T | yo ^ LAWN MOWERS —
| ተየ cdm 486. oso. * ‹ኻ perry rr ee ——— የው መ ውጭ — —* tit d * spring ቁጢ ወ ውዱ DIALOG — — * *
ት B, | GARDENA IRS TENN S RICE —
THE ponneha OF ALL THAT | Ad E QREEME us የ aise Rey CaN ከሪ: a Y — —
de PARU QW BEST in Iann: ‘MOWERS. | SS l የ 38ነከህጅቹ፦ oe eS iT e M cg eM MODE AME i —
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— “MOTOR Mow 5:85.

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peg ዳር — Aienméngst |
aren mie the Walks) Kingtow

THOMAS GREEN & son, we. Smitanetd 4 Ironworks, pe ani New: v Burrey Works, 8 Southwark Ll London Be 4

M CHOP YAKIETIES

tit, ከከ: Edward). Arran - ONIS Ms. 565.
d NE BG; vw 17'5,. ዒ *

47 Carriage Paid and dapi Fre DRE

A d JOHN COCK, Poiata nad :
| Weston dins ‘SPALDING.

| Seed P ofatoes
IK XOU CAWN SAT 3 ዳዩ ርህ ? |

l “Direct from Pintor tial groWet — በሄ hand: chen eel

DAISIES, DANDELIONS, &c., ይ ውህ gi. kh. fa ouais Es potato. laady — j pa Ee

9 oll voce distin, (554 ከመዘ በጣና ክላል! tye Tenis ርክ ጩሂ SEA ver መ Sore ይው መል

| ee FOUR GOLD MEDALS.
PRO | LAWN SAND. -18 m BABLY- vaniETMER.
: ui irana, BET Pg ,57: ሀ:,, TB ewi : ዳል: |
— PES] e — — Karly, Baauty Of Hebron, immone
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. VEGAS ACRE MEC RUE — nie A ፡ ይረነን .
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MdL CT i Be T daas 7 d | Va | | Rasen '%ክ,6.:. b s Te È 3& lix, CIE 177 v a
ERIS ET D Ao s Mr. “Rita Oe go: UR reU Lv. | I Secon mo. EARLY. VARIETIES. — ና መዘ
Aetio eoo LB ES hr MUS ን us S Me > Sou IE | QGakridaa GENS. — 38. D^ —

4 ማኩ ቬኑ. BF = “ይ ek ES SA he 7, l FRED Ear CAM } (prestan Glover, Créat. Scere, ‘Britian: Queen, an =
, a TU | | p hae: per 7 He du owt, 47/6 META

ORCHIDS-

Chel Lárgest Vr ERES) Auwera & Sune

3 aN “your | GARDEN | By

Pioneers. of- The: Scientrüc: Methods: '
of Orchid: Seedling Raising-

CHARLESWORTH & CO, LTD,

2 HAYWARDS HEATH. SUSSEX.

— NON: — — —
POWDER INSECTICIDE, WASH,

—— x exta “Death da
GREEN-FLY CATERPILLARS
RED SPIDER. 'ፔቅ ሂ›ሂቶሺ። isl ለል
pon c nad. all other plant. ees
: destroying - eate: T መመመ
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eas: io handle: - ‘Easy to use, AS day? ——
ET Cartine ifer- Or M yaitnd wahy OS

x

CHRYSANTHEMUMS. a

My Oi-page Catalogue and C SINE post. tea, contains.

gi W25,-for ——

:፡ |! ጩክ ከህ ues ኪዉ. ant NS. renny.. dá
|: 7:(፻9 .- እህ“ ፍላ11ሃበ:' Varietus ^ ot^ ; Rareent. ‹ዚ76ህርክዐ6.-
: in all, 300. Yarleties; adl « ‘gkthtons.. አ

Aba. 'ርክ፥ክ1ህ፪462 of ogee: Xon Varieties 4ቭ. "duties በሕ,
: 1፡6 ከህ8።.. -Begnnias.: ‘finest "danbtc-naynet, ? gnml-doable +”

S Es Soustins...

ኣ, UM «GE iiiar “« anne erais — * 8 — 425788 E ——

Qu ብ 896918. : — — esters "er inet] fries p:

|) wm ፪ unii & ROBERTSON, Lt, FIL,

በጆ AMAT ED, Hirn freti 84:8. “ዓደ ብ 8r Ms

| 44:46. AR Exhibition’ Sed; Hedding Varictives ^ Parisios. -
"Tons. per

8. i. WOOLMAN, Shirly, Birmingham ur

ቃም መጻ

ic 2:1: ልል | Pu E.

Teu ar, Tinwald Perfection Golden Wonder,
ተ “ከ Pink, R Bishop, Tamplar, Red King, V. . aoe
.: «8.ኤ.. Tind- Marshal Aederich Ah: Majes- Um

‘Beet. Up-to-date ፻: elections, እጃ ው die Nem — ANO:

Ms. Now. Dares. ome ef "seta vg ^ P ALT

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Arm i 2. a a — THE GARDEN ጽና. CHRONICLE. = —— 1፡0: ብህ

pe E ሀቨ Fiir] —
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prs Barto —— — d. ዲህ. |

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p የጠ NK €— — MORTUUS CORTA RUN
serge: ‘Mustrated —— 167 post tres, — |

—* satn * P bati pte S ይ) የወገ W.c; ad —

JKüsfiy. send tar abalone, -

JAMES CYPHER እ. SONS,
npn Teen: CHELTENHAM..

* ፡1881115.. gus - He pela ; 8፲ፀ፲2፻. ዘክ ቡበ n! — Deby.
H6 iher sii: “Sond, ‘only, required.
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opo AX: AKA Coil ፡ህፊ devia, and ፲ሀ8 #ዘበ ሆች 0 chi PR,
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3 3 a suit jene E ud vide TANE (T 6 ከከብ UM Kwant, — BARDEN, ceana, ዝይ።

|6[በ6 PLANTS

* FN
ha SOMES An M ona iis — * 15 66
— À : ‘

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Hall eligi pup Med. j

-STOUT BLACK a

m

en The Pots that Drain
iE nee Perea BAILEY & 80፳።, Ltd. |

855. on Mereey Pott r$,
ry: Manéneater,. x

| የብ Tonnis Dewt Bordering, with ism EN n Bette: ነ Up ‘WILLIAM WATSON, fan ee i
co qe T ma. — 4 ርመ at * R 79 Batente አያ *
Biapdards tor sm tb tt er 58 miss E መጡ pat

THE GARDENERS’ CHRON G E-

Horticultural Directory.

The Horticultural: Directory. 8 aot being Ps
reprinted this year, but 8 limited: ‘Humber
| of copies. of the se for. dg. are AB. AAT
፡ able at the reduced price: o de
— '25. post. ከ66: —

Applications should be —— ee

| GARDENERS CHRONICLE,” UTD. »
| 3$ Y avisack. St. P Covent: Garden, W. C. a.

He - ROBINSON,
Garden and Tennis Net Werke RYE..

|:እደጋ8ዚየዊ, cand the. inloepmation iomas 1

WHAT POTATOES. ARE you PLANTING?

| | SPENCE’S SCOTCH SEED POTATOES

are Habwatables Clean te Bonia. 9r Agricilture -
"Certified ክራንክ. : Ou xr nk oed: Hast Picked,

Déieripties Catalogue wink Palati rating Guide Pres..
|| CHAS. T. SPENCE, |
| Seed Potato — DAR —— :

.. Mr. Watsona — of the ie subjects war-
4 ‘unrivalled, ——

Pe 5/6 -. in

1. GARDENERS" ? CHRONICLE, ETD;
ET Tavistock Street, € Covent ‘Garden, Wit ር y

prm IU x
B. B
E B
| E —
SE By 1. Birkenhead G
MO peal | SENS
E E Revised by Fe Parsons. ae 4E
| E E ይ 3 a ”፡ሥ፡ fe | Ee
=. M x ES
| Em us TERNS. dt 45. play a much larger role than bg do- an. the” English garden. 1
= — -There ate so many places where, in consequence. of shade cast by: tall. trees or. m
ps ae A walls. flowers / needing. sunshine: 811. ‘Hot thrive, and where Ferns, on. te tonti, E
2 m ከር 1: pen only” sufficient moisture SiG |
E | 5፡7 g
—S à grace- ad ‘dignity ab dier. ‘own, uds can edem a isis: beauty E
See hee would. otherwise - be a bete and unattractive corner. of: the garden. ji "Those. washing: - .=
= 19: cultivate. them. cattot- do. better: than. oe the: 1696. book whose title ንባ s =
a oe above, Ake can be. “obtained: from: Sees 5 ና See ens 11 Bi IS Sen careers ዳሽ!
E GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, Li, 5 Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W. ር. 3. : Oog
iS sva =
B ፡ -

| ቸ |

ረ nui nai ii inni unn ini uim imam iini in ዘዘ8ዘበቨክዘዘዘዘክዘ([

~

| የ/ዘበ639፡9. 6t nagd undc ident id do vim 'ourüge. E ME
E ናር 3158. ፈየ... Of. ፻ቁ6:5. oy: DES highest: E Mid

que delightful.: ‘Book, quite. —— mae
in በ፳ subject. and “treatment, 38:682::::8: .. .
of the best in the ever-pupular © Present | |
> Day Gardening " ™ series, nme eight: lovely S OA es
euloured- pluies aione: T 8.8. "book. tor —

cannot’ be obtained: anywhere: 2186, dor b

XIV.

THE

SITUATIONS VACANT

Twenty words (or three lines including headline),
48., and 18. for every succeeding eight words (or
line or portion thereof). Fee for having replies

addressed to this office, 18.

Advertisers desiring their Advertisements

repeated full particulars,

otherwise no notice can be taken of their

must give

communications. Name and address alone

are insufficient.

Advertisers of Vacant
to send them
copies of testimonials -only, retaining the

Gardeners writing to

Situations are recommended

originals. To part with original documents
means to run a great risk of their being
mislaid.

When addressing Box numbers, it is essential
to give the initials or pseudonym, as well as
the correct number of the box.

PRIVATE.

( 1ARDENER, WORKING, sole charge, help
given, experienced fruit, flowers, lawn, rock
garden, some glass, vines, tomatoes; small furnished
cottage, with bath; preference given wife house-
for mornings. — State — wages, to
WIGGINS, Hillcrest, Walton-on-the-Naze, Essex.

ANTED, SINGLE-HANDED GAR-
DENER, tennis lawn, herbaceous border and
reenhouse.—Particulars and copies of references to
REX, Rox 20, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,
W.C. 2.

Y ARDENER wanted,SINGLE-HANDED, age
ጃ 40-45; no cottage, no glass.—Fullest particulars
and wages. E., The Barons, Reigate.
Y ANTED, SECOND GARDENER, single,
chiefly Outside. State age, experience, wages

required: rooms, etc., found.—A. [OSS, Billesley
Manor Gardens, Alcester, Warwickshire.

A/ANTED, SECOND MAN, Inside and

. Out, married, good wages, with cottage.—T.
MARTIN, Stanleigh Gardens, Donisthorpe, near Burton-
on-Trent.

ANTED, UNDER-GARDENER,

about 24 years,
greenhouses, take
reference.—State
to C
Cornwall.

single,
experienced, work chiefly in
turn duty, no bothy; gardener's
age, E Dee and wages, etc.,
COODE, Polapit Tamar, Launceston,

ANTED, FOREMAN, for House, a good

plant grower: and alo a YOUNG MAN for
Kitchen and Pleasure Ground. State wages, with bothy,
age, etc.—W. R. TAYLOR, Shendish Gardens, Kings
Langley, Herts.

Sees

W ANTED, SINGLE MAN, for kitchen
garden, tennis courts, jobbing, ete., wages,
references, with furnished rooms, light vegetables.—

CLARKE, Glanrhyd, Pontardawe, Swansea.

——

ANTED, MARRIED MAN for Pleasure

Grounds, experienced herbaceous and rock
plants and shrubs.—Particulars of experience, wages
expected, with copies of testimonials, to SIMESON,
Kverlands Gardens, Sevenoaks, Kent.

: 2 —

ARRIED MAN wanted for ordinary
ነ garden work, wife to help in house ff required,
cottage
Rox 3, W. H. SMITH &

rovided, good references essential. — Address
SON, Railway Station, Redhill.

GARDENERS’

(2,7 RDENER required, single man preferred,

experienced, able to milk cow, wager 35-
weekly.—Apply, E. BULL, Beeding Manor, Beeding,
Sussex.

ANTED, JOURNEYMAN, Inside, 18-20,
good bothy, attendance, milk, veg., 5/- duty.
height, when disengaged, wages expected,
copies of testimonials, to J. H. LANE,
Gardens, Penrith.

—State
with

Brougham

\ TANTED. JOURNEYMAN. Inside and
Out, wages 37-, with bothy, duty cach
third week.—J. WILLACY, Ingmire Gardens, Sedbergh,
York.

WANTED; JOURNEYMAN for Kitchen
Garden and Pleasure Ground, wages 30-, with
bothy, 5- duty every third week.—F. TRIMMER,
Colney Park, St. Albans.

ANTED, first - class

Inside, 38-, duty 5-., with bothy, milk, and
vegetables.—Full particular, R. GREENFIELD, 61,
Radford Road, Leamington Spa.

JOURNEY MAN,

W “ኣዞ good JOURNEYMAN, fruit
and plant houses: must be thoroughly ex-
erienced ; wages 38, bothy, attendance, ctc.—

References and experience to WM. McCOMBIE,

Newton Hall Gardens, Stocksfield-on-Tyne.

ANTED immediately, YOUNG MAN :

age about 21, for Outside, take duty, wages
32/., bothy, milk, attendance.—References to A. E.
YALLOP, Locko Park Gardens, Spondon, Derbys.

N[SBASING FOREMAN, wanted at once,

to grow Carnations, 'Mums, bulb forcing; sole
charge; must be first-rate man.—State experience and
wages to S.B.R., Box 10, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C.2.

ANTED, working Rose and
FOREMAN, used to growing large quantities.—
Apply, giving age, wages expected, and copies of
testimonials, stating where experience was gained,
S.McGREDY & SON, Royal Nurseries, Portadown.

Fruit

ANTED NURSERY FOREMAN, single,
ed Ireland ; m and — — conifers ;

young active man, ropagator.— Apply stat
experience, wages when disengaged, copies of trade
reference, to NURSERYMAN, Box 1, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

ANTED, immediately, for Fruit Dept.,

a competent MAN for grafting, pruning, etc.
State age, experience, and wages ex cted.—GEO.
COOLING & SONS, Nurserymen, etc., Bath.

ANTED, TOMATO GROWER: house

and £2 per week start; also ASSISTANT LADY
FLORIST for shop.—GILL, Florist, Falmouth.

Waa a good, useful KNIFE HAND
with some experience in fruits and Roses; state
wages and experience. — HOLLAMBY’S NURSERIES,
Groombridge.

ANTED, KNIFESMAN, must be well

up in budding, grafting, training, and other
work.—Apply stating whether married or single, with
original testimonials and wages expected to JOHN
BASHAM & SONS, Fairoak Nurseries, Bassaleg, Mon.

ANTED, for small nursery, MAN for
herbaceous and rock Gorn: knowledge of
budding an advantage ; single.—GOATCHER, Nurserles,

Washington, Sussex.

/ ACANCIES for practical men for LAND.

SCAPE and jobbing; also NURSERY HANDS

and IMPROVERS (male and female), Hardy Plants,

Alpines, ete.— Write full particulars, wages, etc. (no

living accommodation).—CENTRAL GARDEN SUP-
PLIES, Kenton, Harrow.

ANTED, a few smart
NURSERY HANDS for Inside and Out: Roses,
Chrysanths., Cars., etc., etc.; wages 50/- per week.—
Apply B. V. L.,- Box 8, 9, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2,

experienced

CHRONICLE.

ሔ- ሙሥ:፦: መ ጨጨ ው ————MMÓMM—M——M—MMÓMM — — M—

1], 1925,

ሳኮክ፲!.,

ANTED, YOUNG
work, used potting, watering, tying, ete.

wages required and experience.—WARD, Nursers teat.
Enfleld Road. Southyate.

MAN, for

Nursery

“ranu

ANTED. young man as IMPROVER or

JUNIOR JOURNEYMAN in our Hardy as-
Alpine Plant. Nursery. Application, with copies “
testimonials, statement of age, and wages required Tı
GAVIN JONES AND INGWERSEN, Baldock Real.
Letchworth, Herts.

TURSERY — ASSISTANT wanted, witt
i. general knowledge of hardy plants.— Apply by
letter. stating age, experience, and wages required, ro
G. R. BARR, Barr's Nursery, Taplow, Bucks.

HOPMAN

required immediately ; experi-

enced in seeds, bulbs, nursery stock, and floral
work.—State where experience has been gained. azr.
and salary required, to P. W. Box ] 7, 3.

Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

SITUATIONS WANTED

Twenty words 28., and Gd. for every succeeding

Tavistock Street,

eight words or portion thereof. (Advertisements at
this special rate are only accepted direct from
gardeners and nursery employees.) Fee for having

replies addressed to this office, 18.

PRIVATE.

ARDENER, HEAD, where several
kept, experience in all branches, over 3
resent; excellent references; age 30;
ITCHELL, Oare House, Marlborough, Wilte.

are
years
married

EAD GARDENER, life experience in

all departments; marketing of produce: would
rent or run Kitchen Gardens and Glass on commercial
lines if desired; cottage: highest credentials; age 327,
married. — G., 61, Station Road, King’s Heath.
Birmtngham.

GIR ARTHUR HARDINGE thoroughly
recommends his HEAD GARDENER, F. CAPON.
where 2 or 3 are kept, experienced Inside and Out,
married, age 38, 2 children; 8 years’ reference, 6j pre-
viously.--Write F. CAPON, co Mrs. Hunt. Queen's
Square, West Hoathly, Sussex.

LADY recommends her HEAD GAR.

DENER, competent, honest, sober and obliging,
with flrst-class references.—COLE, Eathorpe, Leamington
Spa, Warwickshire.

IR ROBERT KINDERSLEY, BART .,
highly recommends his HEAD GARDENER, life
experience in all its branches in good establishments,
including Dropmore Park, Buckinghamshire ; also
several years Head with Col. Hanbury, C.M.G., Wexham
Springs, Buckinghamshire ; good references; married, one
girl, ten years.—Apply C. FROST, Plaw Hatch Hall.
Sharpthorne, Sussex.

———

(4 PENES, HEAD, where two or more
are kept, age 42, married, one boy, age 12. liie
experience in all branches, well reeommended.—W EST.

Kotan Lodge, Wraysbury Rond, Staines
DVERTISER wishes to recommend a

highly skilled GARDENER who has recently
had charge of 14 acres glasshouses, 47 acres fruit,

50 acres vegetables, and 16 acres ornamental gardens :
sales of flowers and fruit for 1924 £1,000; this i:
an exceptional man with great all-round abilit J
excellent references and fine War record. — Write,
xe oe J. H. WILSON, 185, Fleet Street, London.

(ሊሽ wishes to highly recommend
his GARDENER, HEAD WORKING, life experi-
ence Inside and Out: good grower of fruit, flowers, and
vegetables, carly and late forcing; 44 years present
situation.—Apply W. WILLIAMS, Gardener’s Cottage,
Theydon Place, Epping, Essex.

G ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, seeks
X re-engagement ; keen, energetic, trained in first-
class establishments, thorough knowledge all departments:
age 38, married: highest references. — EYRE, Ranbv
Hall Gardens, Retford. Notts. i

APRIL 11, 1925.

THE GARDENERS

CHRONICLE.

XV.

GIR JOHN HARRINGTON, K.C.M.G.,
k highly recommends his HEAD WORKING
GARDENER, trustworthy, capable man. good manager,
all branches of good gardening, Inside and Out,
highest references, including Sir Edwin Lutyens
R.A.: Carnations, herbaceous borders, fruit: married,
no family.—C. RU SE, The Hyde Gardens, near
Luton.

(3 ARDEN ER. HE AD Ww VORKING, requires
situation : over 30 years” experience in all branches,
including landscape work: good manager: excellent
references: Scotchman, age 250, married. —Apply W.
SHERRIFFS, Hammonds He ath, Mortimer, Berks.

G^ ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, thoroughly

recommended as to ability and integrity ; 9 years’
reference, Head of four, personal [[ desired, 24
all-round experience. — FULLER, 3, Salisbury
Watford.

years
Road,

| R. W. STODDART
iYi his HEAD WORKING
several are kept; life experience
ments; 24 vears present situation :
The Countess of Donoughmore at Chelwood Beacon;
leaving through the sale of property: married. no
family.—P. SLOANE, Tudor House Gardens, Woodville
Road, New Barnet.

highly | recommends

GARDENER, where
gained in large establish-
previously Foreman to

(3 Y EN TLEMAN confidently recommends E.

BRYANT as HEAD WORKING GARDENER
of four or more, where keen, interested man
required; life experience all branches Inside and
Out; early and late forcing: contro] staff: excellent
references : 34 years present; age 33, married, no

family. —BRY ANT, Purley, Reading.

A FULLY -qualified HEAD WORKING
ፈ GARDENER is open to re-engagement; keen
and energetic : good references: age 38, married.—
B. W., Box 15, 5, Tavistock Street, — Covent

Garden, W.C. 2.

EAD WORKING GARDENER in Oxford-

shire requires situation where several are kept;
age 49, married. no family; good manager, life experi-
ence, highest references; also poultry and bees.—
W. R. T.. Box 18, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,
W.C.2.

WORKING, where
four or more are kept, life experience in
cultivation. of choice fruits, flowers, and vegetables,
Inside and Out, and genera] management of a
well-kept place: married, age 45; highest references.

AARDENER, HEAD

—J. S. The Lodge, Hill House, London Road.
near Mitcham.
*ARDENER, SINGLE- HANDED, seeks
situation, age 32, non-smoker and abstainer,
good references, married when suited; home and
neighbouring countiss.—S. SMITH, Mellika Road,
Meopham, Kent.
ARDENER, SECOND, or aded SING LE-

ጃ HANDED, experienced Inside and Out: single:
good references. — F. STAMP, Chapmanslade, Wes tbury,
Wilts.

AN seeks situation as UNDER GAR-
IVI DENER. general experience of Kitchen Garden
and Pleasure Grounds; married when suited, wife
willing to help in house: southern counties preferred.

—ROBERT SCOTT. Berkeley, Wellington College
Station, Berks.
VYARDENER seeks situation, Kitchen

K Garden or SINGLE HANDED: married, age 25:
good references; estate being sold.—HARDING, Sardegna,
Mogador. Tadworth, Surrey.

TAOREMAN,

Inside. in

General or good

establishment ; thoroughly competent all branches;

excellent references; age 30.—Apply LEE. Sherborne
House Gardens, Northleach, Glos.

OUNG MAN. aged 21, seeks situation

under foreman, Inside, 74 years’ experience. Inside

and Out, bothy preferred.—S. HIBBERD, Warminster

Road, nr. Frome, Soinerset.

MEE PEIRSE. DUNCOMBE, Norton Hall,

near Worcester, strongly recommends WILFRED
HEATH, age 21, 6 years’ experience, chiefly Outside,
who desires situation where good Knowledge of Inside
work can be obtained; keen and = interested; bothy
preferred. Please state wages.—Apply W. HEATH.
Littleworth Norton, near Worcester,

OUNG MAN, age 21, 5 years’
seeks situation, Pleasure
Garden: strong and healthy:
preferred.—W. SHERRIFFS,
Mortimer, Berks.

experience,
Grounds or Kitchen
good references; bothy
Mortimer Hill Gardens,

OURNEYMAN, FIRST, Inside, age 23,
e now disengaged, seeks situation in well-kept estab-
lishment, ex. refs., southern counties preferred.— T.
THORPE, Clavers Cottage, Langton Green, Near Tun-
bridge Wells, Kent.

OURNEYMAN, Inside, age 19. 4 years’
e experience; highly recommended: leaving owing to
reduction of staff—JONES, Rag Gardens, Corwen,
Merioneth.

OURNEYMAN,
e Outside and duty, seeks situation,
gool foreman: keen, good refs., age 20;
preferred.—E. LOCKYER, The Gardens,
Chester.

with 6 years’ experience
Inside, under
bothy: South

Ashton Haves,

ኝ R. HORTON, Shrubland Park Gardens,

4 Ipswich, recommends F. NEWSON, as Out-
door OURNEYMAN where he ርበ galn more

Indoor experience ; seven years here; age

arcet epis ED Outside JOURNEYMAN

seeks situation ; 25, single: used motor mower and

ከ good refer-nees.—E. WHITTAKER, Badingham,
Framliughain, Sutfolk.

JOURNEN MAN. — A. E. Usher. Ranston

Gardens, Blandford, can highly recommend yonngz

man, age 21 years as above, Inside or Inside and
Out.—GRAV E, Shroton, Blandford, Dorset.
OURNEYMAN, Inside. — T. A. Hall, The
Grange Gardens, Sutton Courtenay, Berks., can
confidently recommend à young man as above:
age 29.
bores 17, keen, anxious to learn some
knowledge, seeks st Inside or Out under
Foreman. State wages.—WILLIAMSON, Scawby Brook,

Brigg, Lines.

TLECTRICIAN-.CARPENTER seeks situation

country estate, gas or oil engines, general repairs :

married; 19 years’ experience, present place 5 years,
excellent. refs.—F. G. TAYLOR, New ge, Hounds-
wood, Radlett, Herts.
TRADE.
51. . Seed Dept. 26, single; 8
years’ practical exper.ence, nursery, seeds, bulbs,

etc.; college diploma (Horti.), correspondence, accounts ;
requires similar position of trust in office, nursery or
shop ; energetic and reliable: good refs. ; salary £4 10s.—
Write SEEDS, Box 12, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

ANAGING FOREMAN ; 29 years’ ex-

perience in agricultural and horticultural work,
bowling green and tennis court making. etc. keeping
accounts and supervising labour : married, three
children: wife capable of managing any dairy :
highest references ; home counties preferred ; 20 years
present situation.—MERRICK, Stowmarket.

OREMAN or
Tomato-growing,
ment; 20 years
Lea Valley e
Beds.

MANAGER,
desires immediate _ re-engage-
experience, gained chiefly in the
ANDERSON, The Gables, Willington,

speciality

ANDSCAPE FOREMAN :

thoroughly ex-

perienced al branches, with good firms:
disengaged.—LEE, 50, Markenfleld Road, Guildford.
OREMAN.—15 years’ practical experience

Carnations, Chrysanths., Tomatoes, edding plants.
bulb forcing, floral work and general nursery work;
large establishments; married, good refs.—E. G.,
Box 14, 5, Tavistock "Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 1

— —— — — — — — —

AN, age 32, well up in furnishing and

maintenance of contracts; experience in shop
and nursery work; good references—H. J. BRAIN,
42, Bulstrode Avenue, Hounslow.

LORIST requires situation as MAKER-UP,
and good saleswoman.—Write, R. E. 7 DOS 13,
5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2

SQRUIT and Flowers.—Young LADY (27),

assistant, experienced; knowledge seeds: any-
where.—Please state wages, C: Ls Box 19,
5 Tavistock Street, Covent. Garden, W.C. 2.

SELECT LIST
or

BOOKS ON GARDENING.

PRICES QUOTED ARE IN ALL CASES POST
FREE TO ANY PART OF GREAT BRITAIN.

Bee Guide, The Practical. By J. G.
Full directions for
4s. 6d.

Bee Keeping, The Book of. By W. B. Webster.
A very useful book, with many diagrams
and illustrations. Is. 9d.

Black’s Gardening Dictionary. Edited by E. T.

Digges.
profitable apiculture.

Ellis, with contributions by the leading
gardening experts and specialists. 118. 3d.
Bulb-Growing for Amateurs By H. H.

Thomas. Simple directions for planting
and treatment, and many useful photo-
graphs and diagrams. Is. 9d.

Bulbs and their Cultivation. By T. W.
Sanders. How to cultivate bulbs and
tubers successfully out of doors and under
glass. 4s. 6d.

Bulbs, Hardy, for Amateurs. A very useful and
informative book. By the Rev. Joseph
Jacob. 5s. 6d.

Bulbs, The Book of. By S. Arnott.
work. Illustrated. 4s.

Cactus Culture for Amateurs. By William
Watson. The only book of its kind. Pro-
fusely illustrated. 2s. 3d.

Calendar of Garden Operations. Based on the

A practical

original work compiled by the late Sir
Joseph Paxton. New and enlarged edition.
28. 110.

Carnation Culture. By B. C. Ravenscroft.
Containing full instructions for the culture
of Carnations of all classes. 15. 9d.

Carnation Culture Up to Date. By Montagu
C. Allwood. Contains much useful informa-
tion and many illustrations. 38.

Carnations, Perpetual By Laurence J. Cook.
An exhaustive guide to their cultivation.
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Carnations, Picotees and Pinks. By T. W.
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Carnation, The Book of the. By R. P. Brothers-
ton. An authoritative work. Illustrated. 4s.

Chemistry of the Garden. By H. H. Cousins.
A practical work for teachers and students
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Chrysanthemum, The Culture of the. By W.
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Curae mum: for Greenhouse and Garden.
By D Crane. Edited by T. W. Sanders.
Illustrated. 4s. 6d.

Climbing Plants (Present-Day Gardening Series).
By W. Watson, late Curator of the Kew
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5s. 6d.

Climbing Plants, The Book of. By S. Arnott,

The writer is well known to readers of
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Cottage Garden, the Book of the. By Chas.
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Profusely illustrated. 48.

Cottage Gardening. By E. Hobday. Gives con-
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Daffodil, The Book of the. By the Rev. 8. E.
Bourne, B.A. Well illustrated. 4s.

To be obtained from—
GARDENERS' CHRONICLE, LTD.,
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ii.

SALES BY AUCTION.

WEDNESDAY NEXT, APRIL 22nd.

SPECIAL TRADE SALE,

Gladioli, Japanese Lilies in
Begonias, Herbaceous Planta, including Antir-
Dahlias. Early flowering Chrysanthemums in
Rock Plants,

including quantities of
variety,
rhinums,

named collections, Carnations, etc.,

together with consignments oí
BAY TREES, PALMS, CAMELLIAS,

ASPIDISTRAS, BOX TREES, etc.
from the Continent. ~

ESSRS. PROTHEROE & MORRIS,
will sell the above at their SALE ROOMS,
07 ይ 08, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.C. 2.

. Catalogues post free on application.

WIMBLEDON COMMON.
CLEARANCE SALE OF

STOVE AND GREENHOUSE PLANTS
comprising the
COLLECTION OF ORCHIDS and GARDEN

EFFECTS 18 great variety.
Also
FRAMES. LIGHTS, CART, GOVERNESS CART,
HORSE ROLLER, GARDEN SEATS and CHAIRS,

and FARM IMPLEMENTS,
8 HEAD OF POULTRY,
2 RICKS OF HAY,
and numerous other items.
M SES PROTHEROE & MORRIS
ate instructed by the Executors of
late J. F. Swann, Esq.,

auction on the premises,

* OAKFIELD,” SOMERSET ROAD,
WIMBLEDON COMMON,

On Wednesday and Thursday, April 22nd
and 23rd,
at 12.30 o'clock each day.

the to sell the above by

On view two days prior to sale. Catalogues of
the Head Gardener. on the Premises. and of the
Auctioneers, 67 & 68, CHEAPSIDE, LON DON,

E.C. 2,

BUSINESSES FOR SALE.

UBREY & CO. Nurserymen's Agents,
| 96. Newgate Street, London, E.C.1, offer Freehold
Nursery, 30 miles out, Essex. 5 acres, over 100 fruit. trees,
dwelling house, 7 rooms, main water. 3 glasshouses,
outbuildings and poultry houses. Price complete, £1,050
or reasonable offer.

ላ UBREY & CO. offer Freehold `

Sursery
ፈ with Retail Shop, in important town Devon.
Nursery comprises one aere walled in, 4 glasshouses,

brick pits, ken also 150 productive fruit. trees,
house in main street. rented at £30 yearly.
Increasing trade. Price complete, £1,300.

Shop and

————— — !————————— UA

——— — Ó—Ó MÀ MÀ መ” መመ ——

PROPERTY TO LET.

7ORKSHIRE, close to Harrogate. To be

. let. No ingoing. Kitchen garden 7$ acres,
residence, cottage, glasshouses, and buildings. Wall
and other fmit in first-eluüss condition. Rent £175
p.a. On Lease.—Particulars of MESSRS. PROTHEROE
& MORRIS, 67, Cheapside. London, E.C- 2,

— — ——

Small Classified Advertisements. Twenty words

_ of a line).

Steadily-

BUSINESS CARD.

AMES BACKHOUSE, F.LS, F.R.HS.,
የ for many years Chairman of the late firm of James
Backhouse and Son, Limited, having retired from York,
offers his services as GARDEN CONSULTANT ; 30 years
experience, specially in connection with Alpine and
Herbaceous Plants: advice given for Rock Garden
construction and planting, also for rmanent flower
borders, boundary plantations, etc.—Address for terms to
Caer Fegla, Arthog, North Wales.

NOTICES.

AVE YOU PROVIDED? See United
Horticultural Benefit and Provident Society's
Advertisement on Page ix.

EXHIBITION.: “=

TUNBRIDGE WELLS
FLOWER SHOW

IN CALVERLEY GROUNDS
JUNE 30th and JULY Ist.

£200 in Prizes
(GUARANTEED)

For Schedules and all details :—

RUFUS T. LADE,
Hon. Secretary, Horticultural Society,
29, Hill View Road, Rusthall,

Tunbridge Wells.

PLANTS, &c. FOR SALE.

(or three lines including headline) 48., and 18.
for every succeeding eight words (or line or part
Fee for having replies addressed to
this office, 18. Displayed advertisements, 88.

per inch, or 108. facing editorial matter.

PERNS! CALADIUMS !!—Begonias, Palms,

Crotons, Dracaenas, Gloxinias, Hydrangeas,
Geraniums, Ericas, Lilies. Ferns and How to Grow
Them, by 3. E. SMITH, 3/6 post free.—SMITH,
London Fern Nurseries, London, S.W.9.

100,000

idistras
SMITH, Fernery,

LARGE GARDEN FERNS,
30/- 100, variety; wanted
for dividing. Catalogues
London, S.W.9.

IMALAYAN, Chinese, and other Rhodo-
dendrons on their own roots. Shrubs Alpines,
and border plants, Aquatics, Lilies, etc. Write for
Lists.—G. REUTHE.

DALMS. Phoenix Canariensis, Chamerops
Excelsa, Kentia Forsteriana, Cocos Flexuosa, and
Phoenix Roebelinli. New price list now out. Also a
quantity of Dracoenas, Indivisa, Veitchil, and Bruanti,
to offer in all sizes. Fine lot of stuff. For price list
apply ROBERT GREEN (1911), LTD., 28, Crawford
Street, London, W.1.

eston, Kent.

RAUCARIAS.—A few very fine plants to

offer. 5j ft. high, not too sprosding, in tubs, at

35/- each.—Apply ROBERT GREEN (1911), LTD., 28,
Crawford Street, Baker Street, London, W. 1.

ARE PRIMULA AND ALPINE SEEDS
' from large (1500) collection, sold cheap ; list free.—
REV. F. J. ANDERSON, Glen Hall, Leicester.

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

—— — መው — eee — — —— ——í——— —

APRIL IS, J925

Y ERANIUMS.-—Crampel and Denmark. 25.

I 100; Salvia Zurich, 14 - 100; Heliotrope, 14 - re
Fuchsias.—Rolla, Scarcity, Pink Ballet. Girl. Jaek Frei»
ete, 8 best varieties, 16.- 100. Violas— White, Well re
Mauve, Blue, true to name, strong from ርኒኔሽየየ!:-
14- 100. Lobelia (Clibrans) from cuttings. will divit.
5- 100. Carriage paid for cash.—MILLICAN, Kin~ è
Bournemouth. ;

AUL CRAMPEL GERANIUMS. Auturm:.
rooted, 27'- 100, ex. 3 in pota, 40 - 100, carr. peoi
for cash.—WILLIAM DAY, Nurseryman, Crowborough.

MALVIA PATENS, well rooted, 15 -- p:
ኦን? 100, Tomato, Ailsa Craig, Bides Recruit. Sfr

clean plants, 3.6 per doz., carriage paid, c. w.o. —H EN E Y

Colworth Gardens, Sharnbrook, Beds.
1 () GLADIOLI for 8s. 9d., post pail.
The most dazzingly brilliant fiowers on earth.
with spikes of bloom 18 ins. long; 12 each of 9 kin:
(108 bulbs), all separately packed and named for 88. thi.
post paid: half lot, 4s. 94d., st paid (cultural in-
structions and beautifully illustrated Flower and
Vegetable Catalogues included). — R. KAY & CO,

mayes Road, Goodmayes, Essex.

EGONIAS AND GLOXINIAS. — Kay's
prize strain with blooms often measuring 8 ina
across ; a collection of 12 Single and 12 Double Begonias.
also 6 Gloxinias—all separately packed and named, with
cultural instructions and illustrated catalogues for 6s- 34..
st paid ; half lot, 3s. 6d., post paid.—R. KAY «& CO.
Bood naoa Road, Goodmayes, Essex.

LOXINIAS, fine tubers, slightly started.

6 different. named varieties, 1 each (carefully
packed in fibre) for 26; 2 each for 460: 3 each
for 66; 4 each for 86. All post paid. Quotations
for 12 each or more if wanted. Ó R. KAY ኒ
CO., 3, Goodmayes Road, Goodmayes, Essex.

INTER - FLOWERING BEGONIAS.-—

We are now booking orders for our noted rooted
cuttings of the above to he despatched in strict
rotation from May onwards at the following rates:;—
Gloire de Lorraine, Hothschild and Turnford Hall.
3;- doz., 11 /- 50, 21 - per 100: The King. 4- doz.. 15 -
30. 28 - 100. Carr. Paid for c.w.o. Book early and don't
be disappointed as many were last. season.—MA NAGER,
Dorset Nurseries, Blandford.

1. ጊር Auratum, speciosum, longiflorum
giganteum, Henryi, Fortunei, ete., all 8 -, 12'-, and
M doz. — MORLE & CO.

150-156, Finchley Road.

204.
boat #

G LADIOLUS.—Splendid flowering bulbs, in

35 best sorts; 100 [በ

10, 13/- ; 200,
—MORLE & CO., as above.

paid.

leaf.
double

EGONIAS, Gold Medal, Plants in
well rooted ready for pots; single, 15/-;
23/- 100, paid.—MORLE & CO., as above.

OOTS and BULBS.—12 Delphiniums, large

blue Splendid, worth 1'-- each, 5- free;
Glorious Gladioli, 12 sorts named, 10 each colour.
120 for 10/-. List free.—JESSE HANDSCOMBE,
Grower of Seeds and Plants, Feltham, Middlesex.

A SPARAGUS PLANTS.—-Connover's Colossal
M (2 years) ፣ 6 100; packing and carriage. ?-
100 extra.—JOHN PERKINS AND SON, Market
Square, Northampton.

AULIFLOWER PLANTS.—Best (Autumn-
sown) Plants. Early London and Walcheren, 12:6
per 1,000; prompt delivery carriage paid: cash with
order. Special quotation for large quantities and price list of
all varieties of Cabbage Plants (Autumn-sown) of the best
stocks and at the lowest prices on application.—JOHN
GILLIES, PRESTONPANS, LTD., Prestonpans, East
Lothian. Largest Cabbage Plant Growers in Britain.
Established over 50 years. Telegrams, ‘‘ Plants, Preston-
pans." Telephone, 24 Prestonpans.

|

MISCELLANEOUS.

RON AND WIRE FENCING for Gardens,
Ornamental Iron and Wire work of every
description. Catalogues G.C. 156:
Tree Guards, Catalogue G.C. 65;
Gates, Catalogue, G.C. 163: Kennel Railing, Catalogue
G.C. 86 ; Poultry Fencing, Catalogue G.C. 70. Ask for
separate lists —-BOULTON & PAUL, LTD., Norwich.

ENNIS COURT FENCING, a speciality,

made up as complete enclosures with standards,
wire, and straining sts, from 6 to 12 feet high.
Write to Dept. FP/GC for particulars. —BOULTON &
PAUL, LTD., Norwich,

ARRIE 4ኳ.. 1923. 2

— — — — — ሠር

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በ፳፪ 4 STORIE,

a mem Tof present —
Numer. und Prices JE applikasi.

*

— TURNER [|
Royat ‘Nurseries; SLOUGH. s | | 3

STORIES, ከዘ. - SEEOLINGS -

Ussve pme and: ‘attention: in fone rearing. Chöre
vireen hust. Flowers; tiit Hardy and Hardy:
= Perennials, "Pender : Annuals arid: Bedding: Pianis
S: "Tiny Seedlings ready for: pricking our dr.
| — mes Advanced | Plants n Hile Jater-. Y
A rite: far: € vuialbgues - E

The ——— ን T»
Y ALENCAR ሃፍ, y SERUM

NE

M ‘Clean, well krbw ‘and cheap: wig
0687 Rare’ and Choice Varieties.

‘STOVE AND GREENHOUSE PLANTS OF ALL ome

- 81841 send for Catalogue. de

JAMES, CYPHER & SONS,
Exotic Nurseries, CHELTENHAM.

-

TE TARDEN ይኖ LHBON e LE. SENEN Ap :38, 1685 .

p “SHADING.
—* — ien d mun.
De wit te hes — w “«

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Ne leq ዶሠሪታ

HORTICULTURAL. CENTRAL. HEATING. SEA Ad 7] — | Et dide PONE cumin. <

AND Suction: GASPLARTS. : | | 0 — ከ —— MM vert

CONTRA CTAR FO — —— ah — — ጀ ረ Se PONY. 17 DEATH — *
አ ርም ር. ኮዬ: 1 አፍና — AGB 4 CRG Satay’ TM. ie Gala. t

3/8: - By :;:384-.. HC MA

| FowLers LAWN SAND
AND. FERTILIZER | i

THE. NEW. LIGHT. WEIGHT SIDE-WHEEL -

: 2 PENN SYLVANIA”. | MOTO- “MOWER ji 5 ፡ The 92የ787/ፀፀያርዮ ot Laws Sands yr ‘
: 2 —— ai Pide 8 ti Lo — ms <=

CUTTING WIDTH: 2ፐ INCHES. 2... T — n ac እ m 8/9; 4 owe, NU. Low, —

aie Racist and unt. ies
Economical Machine et:
| fer. Public Parks, ME.
"BS ede Grounds, |
| ‘Cricket inet Tennis x
1 fone» ee du i

CI DORHY G6 OR LTI SHAD QJWAMES 5.8.7:

RIVE
FRUIT. : TREES

VINES

Pint. FOW: and save a season.

eu

—— ‘bene እ — oe x ር Oo MU
DET: diva. ‘wheel ከህዝ« power ee v ni — T we
i ganged በ aisin

A \SPAR AGUS

vu nero for: uina በህ

Thomas, ‘Rivers j & Son. Lid,
4 The ‘Nurseries ተከ ክለተ ok

| SAWBRIDGEWORTH HERTS..
Station: ‘Harlow, L N: E. E

wa Ls ጮጮ wat or Se tough or

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| wi i በጨ olf, PENNSYLVANIA WORK. is 11.

ሸን s

INSECT ICIDE |
Y UMERS |

For 1960 entre. fect: = Y as F For Fumigating 1000. «66%: OO o.
Xp ODD Cay owes EB ENS FORE 90. each, . xe
e | ከሠ ልህ... Thrips and ether Ginesio. Tease, — Mb!
፡ BARSU - OEBRTAUN. BN ይይር፤ጸዴ |

— — ዘ”አያአጸሆ= i — — ae 4 tte መቅ ቅሶ ፤

i — 56 D /-SEEDSMEN . HURSERYMEN. z | MeBOUGALL & ROBERTSON, Ltd,
\

| FLOWERS and
| VEGETABLES |

— Flowers and A eacisbfca 5-20
ሽራ: HOE Hive. በዩ their best 5.
23-0 unless they revere d. — =
5. ..: tag at Nitrate of Sode. $

2 we: alifferenee can he acen ES
16 onc weak :- E
.'ባጭወ Tor eh poets. በ : —

4 j ር Y. CO Mete ga fot me 71784 Wen 22:27 ይዕ —

a TT

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di ay amenn m St; ning Anply siegt. — z — et fut EN He Sort '

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መጻ ሙ=” ⸗ —

Cai Fe ሎክ: ክል d a

‘FORBES’ ——

` Carnations 3: Palargoniume. ች Te
51958. ር: ረ quier - ‘Violen

መ ይጠ sed: Rock P A በል: di
e “FREE OS APPLICATION. Aem

: k) LIMI D | ኤጫ * iud — FARA
2688 — DENG ) X TE ica መመ —

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CS d i USED ry — U X.

Pig. 1 farina Homes: Rig. 2. Welted Boot | enormotsamonuntot
8፻:፳#፳65ቹሀዐኦ OF TRATIMONIALA |
Tha Pisti rass- " Ae. good 88 snpthlug that eculd benelcld to. the

Mr. Win, cary (Qérdénée to Lt.-Od Hon W: | withoot meha rain
— Tate: The boom supplied 17 years agó 4 fanis impliment."
Mi ሂሯ ህቃ› pad bave cal peatlafactory.”

“PATTISON .& CO, STREATHAM COMMON STATION, 58.16. —

— — pes

BOOTS

- -= TR .| SAREL'S PATENT
ነ f UE ። —— — — IES toe paak Si yeta SPIKE 5. ROLLER.
i GENS Pm

CONM. "HIELTAiRD.
RN, Phe ለ11. Exe-
land Lawn Tents
UN —— —
“Thin Bangi
ኸለው ie Invalnatle
tor. aprafing . thse
giän. lisaves an.

iabcnr add te 10060

tity ፲' whotld be
tity Mory o te ከ85

“are sbarilived — itki into
-contact with COOPER’ 5 WEEDICIDE. e

“Don's let weeds: on the paths: or drives mar the (Us
beauty of your garden

‘DESTROY T HEM. WITH

Fto 109. porte — mo 2 |

pulb weeds will disappear,

. — * aie aW 5 ሂ jj a “ m a ላ

HERCULEAN POWDER WEEDKILLER.

1 i Small taste make m (atis. UF waiu Tarni Wreariier 49.- Medi tr:

(በመ f 4/1614 11. “ስብክ ta minke’ 3$ gnis. 5 ' — ያ NEG wins. 100 yn ERUNT ns.
(makes as gallons A ay Jn ጠዛፍ»ሪ፣ Mn ^ pina Syan TE EL nw vos A re "T te aaa yhyseaenne ph erie Cory rater ha
; high, . <gitentive, — ጀኔ id hate: doficuth: in aAA a CH 7 det i ሠ ene ጥርይ to

VINA wile COOPER & NEPHEWS, Ltd, Berkhamsted. |

BUILD |
«WIRE. TENSION” n
| GREENHOUSES -

Send for. Catalogue,

qMRON FRAME. - FÉAT GLASS
NG ROOF PAINTING... NO. PUTTY
| PHOSPHOR BRONZE CLIPS እ

“SKINNER BOARD & CO,
e BUEENSUDSE. & HEATING. SPECIALISTS, y
__ BRISTOL

51 carriage paid wi hin: 5 yn

COOPER'S WEEDICIDE |

[ሠ M easy, i Y from oval agent, ‘apply. as ሐፈ m

Pres s T Ht um ፦ ae 3 dt * 4. gull bi ታ ደራ MN dett Eisg dn

Bhguid you anole lb) Powder Weedhiller try: ic

A abit

ee WEEDS AS : One application. ot- :

j HARRISON'S Reliable WEED KILLER

| ሠል Yrom: wols far at. ‘coun ፲፪ — The best.
ird RET ; Pinotain. and iandelion 18 Lawns.
tena the tre Wel. -Inmiense Bsving in Labour. |
on Trig jn. s Drm 3 rd extra, Carr. Paid.
6... 19)- Cesk: OX aoe UNIES
ron orders are not zuhjéd ta Ihers carriage Lerma
. ህ( arr paid ta any English port. Pull price allowed
for all drums and vasks if returned #8. qud. senties

N Atn the ‘Prieta of the — x i Wm
plenas note that thia Weed Killer paar tr
05. kie. Suc. Cone አ) D a
| ዐወጀ ed ne g 3 Eu
j th 56 gs Nace: of water % | በለከዜሠ|። ።ቃ

p — ^
ር —
+

EE AL ማክ RELIABLE EOS

5... HARRISON, WEED fe

Ui Merdeuitarsl Chemlat, - i ED
READING. . SINN

4 'MONAGHAN'S - c
SLUG DESTROYER ፡

es jirepe red dignita ‘tha ')ከ81:9፻ክዩ st: sius.
"iuinie .vánr ips Against: Piese Heater

| *MONAGHAN'S SLUG DESTROYER” Iu,
CERTAIN DEATH TO SLUGS
Hag. bern: tind weft: fa: dubet delícote evedlinigas e
opener DELAY. COUKWRITE TO-DAY
cp Bor packet 19; postage, 64. satri, tre በ815. B, war

“145 MONAGHAN, "* መመር

8፳ BAT

——— | በሆላ ህ . ሸህ Houses ^
በርክ 96 0a 11 * ‘from 24. 18. 6 —
wes INustrated, Catalogi Ho. 167 post trenc-

a ! Y. BATH. ል CO. Ltd. — bond London; y Wed. " |

— The Pots that Drain.
o Nu | PEE tA BAILEY & SONS, d
ai io Wares Shin "een MU
RR M

quU a TN A THE. GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

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የአሚር è a MENSAE E f ^ ረሙሪ
Se a o M — h x i ሪጋ.
Men who eo —

The idc ው ገፍ the, Mean: Eddie d 6 oe Known lub P.
fully endorset: the ‘Opinions eapresed ‘by ‘the. 566ና18ያህ” ob may -
— 8 Cluhs in all paris ot the country. - Let. us prose ATCO clams — TT

2 Py arcane à ። Tyee Meratonshration ibit Save ii — abtigation.. - ን ሚጋ. ካም...

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i =A má የር ATEON fe

“Bien Strona’ Planta Ready Now ፡

| GREENHOUSE. FLOW ERING

dà Japanese. Nanges; it EU — — a
| 2 Decore. Varie fenes, Ale m newer sas 6- p E T Th SE
d unie ined. de እ ቃር ae Soret um

ኮህ he “task és 418: P "drea. dite cT |
LINE been 7695. au the. iniprivement: of: Garden F
Chrysanthemams. ia oe Aix
Bee Te Novelties: ‘oh 795፡4,. Ms:
42: Te! Varieties pF 1923, Ble she ae
ta MWaneties. doclnding sume newer 59፡85.
ir New Single Varieties. ot ee : m
xd VIS SEE X MED MN VU By, ANE RN
ax Ducha Varieties በ6 panene, s — *8 Ax eit
4a Decorative: ነ). Ge que o^ an S Toe
EM: Shaw: SEN, * VT SY" አ
az Collarette ;
—
T2-

Lawns s sod 1 Sporta
| Grounds,

395

| those having: ‘charge. ef Lawns and |
Sparta fsteunds will be advised to |
inspect then ቭሇህ8 carefully) 2691
| prepare tà tenovate those pprtions: |:
lxhat have suffered roost overly 1.

from: the: trying Winter. Wu
Paxüculars. and: Prices of. Surton’s |
oMixtores of Grace Seeds far Lawns:
Zand -of Buttons. Complete - Grass.
4| Fertiliser on: applicauun, ' 1s

4፡1" ህ — ቴክ E

oe be — t — del
x dens Juge: US rg oes 2 AY, PEE

poss jBUTTON- : - ‘SONS. ን
ape ae — sy

7 "Hesding.— E

ay *

leading Dahlia, pom የአ

E : a FUCH SIAS. Ete |

a2 Fine Varieties nf Fuchsias, T as

45 Ter leayed ecudtumer 238 - eA AE
re Far oe ism hs oe ንአመን ረ

Soe Rar. ich. et ; es

N. — L E * "s o N,
“Midland: 64. ከርክሃ,. —
eETERBO ROUGH, T

£— "zs — — — — Mm MÀ — — — vene X PIE coma
ላ ዔ ዳ

= Fulisborangh. 6 D I

| ይ‹68ገነረ.ክ.. —— E poko NM a

pcc The. Ecc Meere Ed |
ኦፍ. “Golf Club. dove cT. cete adim |
| "Secretary. A ው
5 I. ነ Dasr Sits, 3
— Sts SN PAE CNT T in the Soring of 1781 "ዛሃ — — 44
GI Ns ra es — bd & 28" Atco Motor Mowsr and the Grant 5/502 0500105.
— ASA tS Sommittes 448176 መፍ ip Xautifz fa: t^e. —— VIN fry
dy "ient servios run arid, ቕይ Tha me dus, e

dor. foor 'weAwóns ቴክዩ 8555 Kad ‘heen’ 15 Aur m E
Gonatawmt nge; ^ and Bagond

ይኛ 5ከ: 8ቁ5 » 20" Afoa ኒይ 1953, —5 aftara Jue it SEE EEO መር *
89869ከ8 work witi arrokan oF. Crpgnirm. 3 —“ Br - pc IS
Faglig say tnat —— ሮን ERE:

ከ688 #8 ሀዘ
? $ 58 tun clot Bog, "and. uber

! o Qaras Wail 447.2 palis 25.. T 356.

| ARSENATE OF LEAD PASTE |

$ Wak De approach. i ptg, AUS — 68.18. atr gn s. —

4 FU NGOID - DISEASES |
1. COOPER'S FUNGICIDE — 4

: Bordusus gnigiure S the Fecognised rem

ኣን ነ መሠ tees

Avett, d^ As

—

—— —
743 ና 4

yis VW gs Ede (o NES
“wat aM Lex mde 1.1. በ ለ ከቴ ጋ

Dieosmegte, the cost of apkesp end, UM OR V Wig kas 2 a

'ወበቁባካይና ከዘዳ bhen ዘጉ ታያ MELA Moape PEE eere
Setiofiad ihat the ወክኣ!:)ብሖ héa- aM FM : d U^ 1 EXAM
all thet wee clatmed for 1$ my | 5508 d i

ተይ ያጎ.

ይያ
የ

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ኮባ ቁ" ብመ ገም” “-፦ / fret
Eee መው ክ A ሜነ
A
$

preparetiea ARE: m.

fucking insecte. ->
‘Dinos I te 100 party at Walters.

26 galls, SUID E pat. £2

Jor destroying caterpillars.

—

ር mis eth cold wate —
ኢ. o3 'ጩ 40. o
3 otia —

ሙነ ገዕ

full. dur — are Ho ቅዱ, ዎች
P — Ao ——

| ፲፲፲፲፲፻፳
እ፥(11158|

ያ 359ህጅ SERVERS. “ኮህጸደዩል!?' (awit Gli, mo) Cri € }
Pibo tine tSsr ር pes. FOR io Sears wo Sven CROMRRC .
Wt únia ‹8፻ኔ Ory” PLESE ets your — vox THE coe}
AVAL YR AGP Aurai Sirina En? dag DRE C

1 በባ —— “es ልጻ) GEST Aet ቋው፡ :

dar vano 5: d teceorn 3

— —
s = = j .

APRIL 18, 1920.

THE

arbenerg Obronicle

No. 1999.—SATURDAY, APRIL 18, 1925
CONTENTS.
Alpine Garden— Obituary—
Primula marginata ... 263 Bound, George
Saxifraga ligulata _Prideaux ... el cm
Kneller, Noah 276
Annuals for conserva- Roberts, John 2765
tory and greenhowe Orchi » Em
gleanings—

Apple leai scorch, 273, 274

Beckton, Mr. B. J.

Bees and Apple fertili-
»

Cypripedium Opal ... 266
Orchis foliosa... ... 27
Schomburgkia undu-

sation .. n 271 lata ; . 266
british horticulturists. | Parks and gardens ... 273
honour for ..202 | Pears, the story ot m
— | | perry ... 25 oa
PE ›70 Peter Barr Memorial
ጋ... a Cup, award of the ... 262
Florists Flowers— — Raspberries .. 261
: 4. ከር Danks 265 | gocteties—
E ከ ከ UON the 272 London Daffodil ... 274
Pug usted. ume dx ROME and District p
** Gardeners’ Chronicle ”’ Gardeners’ ... ... 215
seventy-five years ago 263 Royal Scottish Arbori-
cultural — .. መህ

Hardy flower border—
Thalictrum anemon-

oides ... KF Leg ete

Tritonia (syn. Mont-

Trees and shrubs—
Rhododendron spinu-
liferum a ... 268
Salix Wallichiana

reti: 561 272 T
bretia) rosea i Spiraea Thunbergii... 269
Indoor plants— zi Stachyurus praecox... 269
Aloysia citriodora 267 Tree Paconies ` 200
Columnea m S. 207 Was 262
Croweu ... — 0s 267 Ms መች ay
Moe ብየ 0 1 is 'eek's work, the ... 204
m rei a in Ottawa, 270 Wisley, opening of, on
a NN c Sunday... —... |. 20]
Nurseries, the rating of 201 Woodbridge Floral F.te 262
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Beckton, Mr. B. J., portrait of ... A 202
Bound, Mr. G. P., portrait of the late ... 270
Cojumnea Oerstediana ... 267

Litinm George C. Creelman, 270; L. testaceum ~ L.
candidum, 270; L. tigrinum x L. Maximowiczii,
270; L. Hansonii ... ds * * ae 27

Primula Barbara Barker

Rhododendron spinuliferum ... 260
Saxifraga ligulata var. speciosa 263
SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE.

Iberis in the rock garden at Kings Walden Bury.

PME"
AVERAGE MEAN TEMPERATURE for the ensuing week

deduced from = observations during

years at Greenwich, 4፡07.
ACTUAL TEMPERATURE—
The Gardeners’ Chronicle Office, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, London, Wednesday. April 15,
10 a.m. Bar. 29:8, temp. 53' Weather, Bright.

the last fifty

— —

—

Tine work which is being
done at the national fruit
stations at East Malling and
Long Ashton is gradually revolutionising
fruit growing. Each account of the results
of the experiments and investigations which
are being carried out at these stations throws
new or clearer light on the problems which
the fruit grower, if he is to be successful,
must solve for himself. They show also
how he may set about solving them. The
activities of East Malling include not only
the investigation of top fruit, but also of bush
fruit, and one of the most recent accounts
of the work in progress at the station has
reference to Raspberries. Although not a
few growers have reason to be satisfied with
the results that they obtain with this fruit
there are many, both commercial and garden-
growers, who are dissatisfied. An old, well-
tried variety, for example, Superlative, which
at one time justified its name, has of recent
years showed unmistakable signs of dete-
rioration and is now, generally speaking,
hardly worth planting. Yet there are places
where, in good soll, Superlative is still one
of the best varieties. Park Lane, perhaps
the best-flavoured. variety in existence is,
from the gardener’s point of view, always
worth a trial, but only if the gardener keeps

Raspberries.

THE GARDENERS’

a vigilant eye on it to discover whether it
does with him what it is wont in certain
districts to do, namely, to ‘‘ go blind " during
the winter. Where it develops this defect
and many buds fail to break, the crop is
light, and there Park Lane should be dis-
carded. Where, on the other hand, it refrains
from this bad habit it-should be grown both
on account of its excellent flavour and large
fruit. Pyne's Royal, one of the newer kinds,
has already in many places justified itself as
a good cropper of large fruits and should
be tried by all gardeners. In the trials
extending over four years carried out at East
Malling and reported on by Mr. N. H.
Grubb,* Pyne’s Royal stood at the head of
the cropping list with a crop fifteen per
cent. higher than that of any other variety.
Superlative came out badly with only forty-
two per cent, and Park Lane's crop was
but one-third of that of Pyne's Royal. Yet
there are places where this cropping
relation would certainly not hold, and the
all-important conclusion to be drawn from
these trials and investigations is that cach
and every gardener should institute trial
plantations of the varieties—by no means
very numerous—which are of outstanding
promise, and that he should from the results
of the trial grow those which succeed best
in his garden. The gardener, however, must
be prepared to do more than this. He must
know the characters by which a given variety
is distinguished ; for there is at present
no little confusion in the nomenclature of
varieties of Raspberry. For example, Mr.
Grubb has sorted out no fewer than six
distinct Raspberries, all of which bear the
name Red Antwerp. Of the six, one is
altogether worthless and one is good only
on certain soils. Anyone who having been
recommended to grow this variety chanced
on the bad one might well echo Juliet's
comment,- '* What's in a name !” Similarlv,
the name Baumforth's Seedling has been
found to connote three distinct varieties.
The one now but little grown for market
and designated by Mr. Grubb as Baumforth's
Seedling A, is superior, especially for jam-
making, to another of the name, Baumforth's
Seedling B, which, however, is much more
widely grown. The latter, however, has the
merit of cropping well in poor soil. Some-
times one variety enjoys two names. Such
is the case with the variety known alterna-
tively as Bath's Perfection and Laxton's
Abundance. Therefore, if the gardener is
to grow scientifically, that is, successfully, he
must learn the characters which distinguish
the varieties, so that he may know what he
is actually growing. Mr. Grubb's careful
analvsis of the characteristics of the several
varieties permit of this being done with
fair ease. The characters which serve for
diagnostic purposes are, first, the downiness
or smoothness of the new canes, and, second,
the colour of the base of the spines in
relation with that of the stem. By these
characters the different varieties may be
separated into groups. The individual
characters of each variety within a group
may then be used to determine the name
by referring to Mr. Grubb's description.

Opening of Wisley on Sunday.— Tho Council
of the Royal Horticultural Society has decided
to open the Experimental Gardens at Wisley
on Sundays during the coming summer, from
Sunday, May 3. to Sunday, September 27

* Commercial Raspberries and. their Classification. By
N. H. Grubb, M.S.A.. East Malling Researeh Station.
Journal of Pomology D1., November 1, 22.

— — t — — — — — — ——

CHRONICLE.

used by them as a

NH.

inclusive, from 2 to 6 p.m. Admission cannot
be obtained on Sunday at any other hour.
The regulations governing admission are as
follow :—(1) Only persons bearing Fellows'
tickets of the current year can be admitted.
Each ticket admits three persons. Children
cannot be admitted unless accompanied by an
adult who must be responsible for their
behaviour. (2) Parties cannot be admitted to
the Gardens on Sunday. (3) No vehicles of
any description aro allowed to enter the
Gardens. (4) No dogs or other animals can
be admitted. (5) No bags, baskets, or parcels
and no flowers may be brought into the
(Gardens. Those who wish may leave such
articles with the attendant at the gate. (6)
Permission cannot be given for photography
or painting on Sunday. (7) No persons shall
touch the plants, flowers or fruit, or interfere
with animals, birds, or nests in the Garden.
(8) Picnics are not permitted in the Garden.
(2) Expert advice will not be available on
Sunday, nor will any fruit, etc., be sold.

Our Supplementary Plate.—The illustration
in our Supplement Plate shows a wide
breadth of Iberis sempervirens var. Snowflake
tumbling over the rocks. From the opposite
hillside it gives the effect of a carpet of
snow and at Kings Walden Bury some visitors
have likened it to **a glacier." ‘The Iberis forms
part of a great scheme of planting initiated
by the late Mr. T. Fenwick Harrison and keenly
followed up by his son Major J. Fenwick
Harrison. It was recognised that a rock
garden covering more than an acre in extent,
should be planted boldly with large breadths
of the more important Alpines. Originally
it was essentially a spring flowering rock
garden, but this idea has been somewhat
modified during recent years, the flowering
period being extended to the autumn by
tho use of suitable kinds of plants. Masses
of Saxifragas, Anemone Halleri, Rock Roses
Mertensia echioides, and Pentstemon hetero-
phylla, with others, make a delightful picture.
Beyond an annual top dressing with a
liberal mixture containing lime rubble the
Iberis requires very little attention; the
fading flowers are removed, and the shoots
are often allowed to grow for a year or
two before being cut back, but no undue
encroachment over the large boulders 18
allowed at any time. Two other breadths of
lberis, besides the one figured, are planted
in the upper part of the rock-garden, one
near the edge of the lake and following the
upper waterfalls, and the other at the
lower edge of a belt of Pines which can be
seen from the house. A large stock of young
plants of Iberis and other alpines 18 kept
in the rock-garden nursery for replenishment
at any time. Below the Iberis shown in
the illustration and on the opposite side of
the water course is the bog garden which
ean be flooded at will. The arrangements
for water are made with a view to economy
as there is no natural stream of water.
The upper falls, when the sluice is turned

on from the lake, are capable of carrying
10,000 gallons of water per hour, but this
may be returned to the lake from the

lower pool by a powerful petrol pump. —

The Royal Gardeners’ Orphan Fund.— The
Right Hon. Sir Alfred Mond, Bart., M.P.
will preside at the Annual Festival Dinner
of the Royal Gardeners’ Orphan Fund, at
the Hotel Victoria London, on Wednesday,
May 13th next.

The Rating of Nurseries..-A question of
considerable importance to nurserymen was
raised recently before the Glasgow Assess-
ment Appeal Court. Messrs. Austin and
McAslan objected to the payment of full
rates on ground at Newlands Road, Cathcart,
nursery. After hearing
the case for the appellants the city assessor

intimated that he did not object to the
nursery grounds, which cover an area of
forty acres, being rated at onc-seventh of

the value, and the court decided accordingly.

| p rig Ge sg 28 ር E. Maju AU A Van y
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ፍመ ህብር

23, Loyal: Putat Sines
April 24. Nations

2 * DUM. ditas ላ ut. L^ Wr Arni : ave: z ers
du ነም vr A — የጠ. o RABE aen -ከ፳ኗ:::9፻የ
| Hate Jeetory jd use: Belglibearbuoa, BR

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ay UU ge aud: ok, wll “ይ whic hc he eic duro
sets Xp c phare | n Ca ናከ: ‘hy imply -
durdug cs woole ያ) dhe wane: wieanr piper: TENE
no duro qa ፡ gido ፡ ዛሀ0ህ8፳. የባህ]. dae. heiter
የጭ desit ‘eet: rettet 18: ait. aft dor Hathi
i በን, 81, Howey, 497 aee any friends HE.
; ኸል. apy (ሠ. Aids. T Found 6 my S
dr ህከጡሮ. the. deca: #8, TAR ak plesi «191. Ha Paii
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o Splat te foe The. tweguty-toar toos «8. Abe *
J————— than: 16. yreenhonse and all it SUCUS 74
rie fakhed - Aware. »eorth, D certainly - Thorc- ፲ከ8ኮ .
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{Dos E, at oecur de AS

FIO: uscire ans
of one diok in. the: ahami. 41485. soad — — ቁ ን መል ን

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| መስል: walang! ipsus 28. t aoe 9595: Bp 496... | 5ክዉየአኗጃ Jiguinto VAT. apei 1088 38 —
Anstad e Geology’ may” ABER A atre Toni: Snel planted, Our iú masses ገ. à cal t pyeenhonse-
As “pearing: n the KAISTA wf Janta übkaty- Even i Wheto 196 - 20 Hower 3 OEC

፣ handsome: fot its foliage alone. ak. በጠርር known -
Ad spes Amen Allistyntod: duc bat dig leaves. -
orb throagit thay winter and summer AN:
perheet ሺ፻፻850):. vandao ፲ die his ag dur
ue “thes suprannding.. *honldei

468847፣ pape, i wafer. “ይዘ qugndis- Troró plo.
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CWethr- never rema iti abont fios oroe

eA a ae 888: .
E Mapper mte E — =

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i ነ oe meek heur jakon cot the
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i 268 TIRA Dimi ain avhich tgs "peethod dec
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‘pha: hie sep ametimee Amproved" igo TWEE ID ርች SUB Es AE a iem የ UE Avere
— ዘዘ - የበ "bea — passed. iode - “forty On fifty. Bowers, Mark hie Ma anmha:
ከካ640.7 ይ ther a ሰ teen apma S '።ቭ “ገፈ adeps, E rugiar. ;
የብር UP n 4ከ:- a I tos NE ከ ms as | PRIMULA MARI NATA,
ii m Lotion E^ ^h ክህ, ‘tardy Pada m hick "aye epee: TO
Y po saa ርሃ considerable: AUPE lave eujoyol "e ——
prd. A x a B "af: popularity: and. Favour: wineli ኳዐ: LE abo
ሾህከከርበ i ee fs yi fates: /khows. them wil deny ie. dulty. justified:
i "pup. cope 951161. hy "Maris Vahi ome ot them, d» is irae, pace: at appre
-8:86866.: Oxfords: ፍር &- Ww ጠባ ‘ont > 68፲861::| and: have -had des bey
oues; Wi ርፍ Pu sat ee shoe : ልች eNOS ander: [1859 - but the: mally 1፡42.
oe ees — G Kennedy be | mnes, are. 0f ከበ።የዚክልከ19- value wi. —

cms — Chinese. Pein tá \ 5880.

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THEO as ARDE. NERS : — CHRON IOLE.

ARS dai eave
ፍት the: de

oo enbivédwb wis

.:. ከ67. are oi ADi 2 ኣን)

he :ይዘስሄ9።፡ ‘for. AN ind: one b
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Nn he. Jeeycos nier. Test upor. Targi, pieces
fun Bae” Tie; Hany Marnie San «houll 04:

3 margin

dac ‘spring - AH “Basle of
cap. 16.
enleur: pst. purely: ABC gian 3

x d, the
: 88ሀ811.

OLIBULATA ላሽ.

— E yait, t. sve: ay bus Aa ብከ ils dus: D spespenstye < ——4

OF: old manar የሸክ8፤
re ub. ;stotie- "and : che s
Spend and gritty- -füafüré.
+ -essentiul.-
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Bet 4 —
ergata br

:.014. plante allowed. "extend wáll- often Fang

& x in! spring. Or. hon. ripe. “They muy be de

; dies? te. ዘ Tae 8.

፡ AERE pem

ር E tbe A
— on iaj

Ovest majority
garder tiaki
Muy xf seris: 2 AG A e
xe D —
— Jhe s

M. ‘Paine ipr)*bg - its: apecifie- ire
‘Wate Hem fis e exquisite waved - ከ80: #[]ሂኛ6(ር9]፡-
be leaves, €. debnu of 8ስ0፳0 -
Chesuiv. 46. he. — hase © wo

e

morvellüim.

D can pprecinte - pointe. t ob Jovelinas. cf eof. 86.
ቸርን ave. 88-91 Hower. ,

“Pee Hower, «ከበዉ. '0፻0ይ.: s
fontak; ርቦ - gh” ux: MESES
their. saimipls beauty. oa የ068. ane ፡

Tentnres: of: he. piatos aer

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c ጽበስይከሸርጠ "s
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deniers dno apie, anul, hight ‘qualifications: di.
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and listed in ol similar. dcc ክ6፻ sectininaonided.
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A TRER 6i A

THE We ARDEN ERN CHRONICA
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E ‘FLOWERS.

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THEO DAHLIA.

pax: idéal. ከ9: meanbers nt. the. ETET
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| Poweony- flowered. ares: and miniature weobions). '
^ Eeeonative. - Star, -Ceraeibia-ateered. ‘Chantada. —
— Anemone-towéred, "Cactus, Collerette . -
and)? sult newer: form "of St dapble " ^
Colleretto). Pompen. gud; D ‘popular, ‘diva’, ——
bedding; | Mignon. gwap “Rach: 61885 inchides. -

— — —

ds

suitable: “protection; a. few . short Sproee. numerous vmretibs,. axi cd M “romped, —
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ae ‘asda: PDA — R B N PERSEN t de Eris Relief

wb many growers tiat det ehia wil soot:

become. more: popular thin dt is ak present; '
deed, 8. fashion fuc thes sfoweras would e
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ያ! 'ጸር1ክ8.. — ፡ ከይ w —— cludes Pii

266

down among the foliage that their effect is
lost. Happily, this is not so in the case of
newer varieties, and the best forms are
those which display their flowers well above
the foliage on stiff, wiry stems. Mary
Purrier, Ensign. Richard Box, Amos Perry,
(. E. Wilkins. and Excelsa, are all good
varieties of this class: whilst the later
introduction, Mrs. E. Lowes. which I believe
eame from Crawley. is a fine Dahlia, bearing
flowers of striking brilliance. The colour is a

very rich yellow, and this may restrict its
popularity to some extent, for yellow does
not seem to be a favourite colour with
everv One.

Decorative Dahlias form a group consisting
of free-flowering varieties of an intermediate
and mixed character, and perhaps these have
been most employed of any for general
purposes. The vivid pink variety, Mr. H. C.
Drusselhuys, comes to mind; it has a fine,
erect habit and the freedom with- which. the
striking blooms are produced is a quality
strongly in its favour. But there are others

no less beautiful, and it is only necessary
to mention such varieties as Porthos, King
Harold, White Cloud, Mr. Ferris, Princess

Juliana, and De Rose.

Single Dahlias make a brilliant display in
the garden. | Their habit of growth renders
them adaptable for floral decorations, but,
unfortunately, the fleeting character. of the
blooms of most varieties, especially the older
ones, )8 against their use in this way, the
florets quickly falling unless the blooms ure
gathered quite young.

Pompon Dahlias include a few varieties of
outstanding merit, and, as a personal choice,
| refer to Regulus, with rich, rose-purple
flowers; White Aster, Janet, the vivid orange
Electra, Irene, and the pretty, purple-tipped
Maud. The flowers of all these sorts are small
and symmetrical, and their formal compact-
ness appeals to many people, while their
long, stiff, ereet stems make them useful for
cutting.

The Collerette class has
and deservedly so, for some
Dahlias are included in it. Joan, Rhoda,
Swallow, Henri Farman, Lucien, and the
beautiful, cark-coloured Admiral are but a
few of the many delightful varieties of this
type. Last year [ saw a very pretty form
named Mrs. O. M. Courage, and was charmed

become popular,
very beautiful

bv its effect. The flowers are of carmine
colour into which white is beautifully
toned; it also has a pure white collar. I

had not seen this Dahlia before, and have
since found that it was introduced only a
year or two ago.

Star Dahlias have received a good deal of
attention lately, thanks to the efforts of
Messrs. J. Cheal and Sons. Their first intro-
duction, Crawley Star, was a creditable
accomplishment, but they have brought out
others since then, and there are now quite
a number to choose from. The Star varieties
are, perhaps, more useful than any others
for cutting purposes. The flowers are light
and elegant, and the range in colour is gradually
becoming wider, hence the importance of
the class cannot be ignored. . White Star is
one of the oldest of these Star Dahlias, and
still one of the best. The blooms are
carricd well above the foliage on stiff, wiry
stems, and they are ideal for indoor
decorations as cut flowers.

The Cam+ellia-flowered, Clematis-flowered, and
Anemone-flowered types are worthy of mention,
and two important and beautiful varieties of
the first-named group, namely Reginald Cory
and Crimson Flag, are Dahlias of exceptional
merit. that have become popular for massing
in beds and borders, for which purpose they
are admirably suited.

Dahlias, whether planted in beds or borders
in conjunction with other plants, or in
groups by themselves, may be made to con-
tribute greatly to the beauty and effect of
the garden. Their cultivation is not difficult if
strong plants are ready for planting so soon
as danger from frost. is over. W. A. Stenning,
tloucestershere.

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

ANNUALS FOR CONSERVATORY AND
GREENHOUSE DECORATION.

SCHIZOPETALON WALKERI.

THis interesting Chilian plant, although not
showy, ids worth growing for the small
greenhouse. The white flowers. with their
cut and fringed petals. are freely produced.
and are fragrant during the evening. The
successful cultivation of the plant presents
no difieulty; seeds may be sown during
March im a cool greenhouse, and when
large enough to handle the seedlings should
be prieked off singly into smail pots; this
should be done with care as the plant
resents disturbance at the roots.

Subsequent cultural details
potting on as required, until the plants are
in five-inch pots, in whieh they may ከር
Howered. Water should be afforded the
roots carefully until the plants are well-
established. Sehizopetalon Walkeri grows
freely in fairly light and well-drained
compost.

consist in

any

SEMPERVIVUM ANNUUM.

promises to be a very useful
decoration, as Its
produced
good

THis annual
subject for greenhouse
inflorescences of yellow flowers are
very freely, and the blooms last in
condition for a long timc.

Needs should be sown about the middle
of September in a greenhouse with a winter
temperature of about 45° to 00. The
seedlings should be pricked off singly into
small pots, or three may be placed in a
pot. They should be grown in a fairly dry
and airy position, a shelf near to the roof-

glass suiting them very well during the
winter. As they possess fleshy, succulent
leaves watering should be done carefully

during the winter. Early in the New Year
the young plants should be ready for potting
on. If single plants are desired they will
flower in forty-cight-sized pots; if three are

grown together, receptacles six inches in
diameter will be necessary. This Semper-
vivum grows freely in any good potting
compost, rendered free and open by the
addition of coarse sand or old mortar
rubble.
STATICE.

THIS genus includes several species that

are very important for decorative purposes.

NTATICE SINUATA, with blue flowers of an
everlasting character, is largely grown for
the market; there are varieties with white-
and rose-coloured flowers. The seeds should
be sown in a cold frame or cool greenhouse
about the middle of September, and again
during February and March, if a succession
is desired. The seedlings should be pricked
off singly into small pots and given the
treatment accorded this class of plant.
There should be no difficulty in wintering
these Statices successfully, as they are by
no means exacting in their requirements.
During the spring the plants should be
placed in their flowering pots, those of five-
inches diameter serving very well for the
purpose. This species grows freely in any good

potting compost. and is very useful for
supplying cut flowers, as well as for general
decorative purposes.

STATICE BONDUELLIL has yellow flowers, and
somewhat resembles the foregoing species: it
also resembles S. sinuata in general appearance,
but does not grow quite so tall. It succceds

under the same treatment as afforded S.
sinuata.
STATICE SUWoOROWL, with its tall, closely

set spikes of rosy-coloured flowers, is a very
diflerent-looking plant; it is a native of Turke.
stan, and, although introduced in 1883, it is only
during recent years that the merits of this
beautiful plant have been generally recognised,
and 11 is now largely cultivated. by market
growers.

APRIL IN. 192.)

መመመ: መ... መፍ ው: a ee — ————————— Ee

It is by no means so easy to cultivate ir

pots as S. sinuata, although its successiu:
cultivation presents little difficulty to the
skilled cultivator, As in the case with

other plants of this class, the seeds may be
sown about the middle of September, again
during February or March, and finally
towards the end of June for a late suminer
and autumn display. This plant resent-
root disturbance, and when fit to handle
should be pricked off singly into small pots.
Autumn-sown plants are best wintered in a
greenhouse where the atmosphere is dry and
buoyant. The plants should be grown near
to the roof-glass.

Early in the New Year, the autumn-sown
plants should be placed in large receptacles.

those five-inches in diameter being suitable.
After re-potting them, watering should be
done very carefully until the roots arr
established in the fresh compost. Care in
watering is essential when the plant is in
flower.

This Statice grows freely in any good.

The flowers or
plants usually show some slight
in colour, while sometimes a white-
flowered form appears. Seeds should. always
be saved from plants of good habit and
colour. Statice superba js sometimes offered
as distinct, but in my experience it does not

well-drained potting compost.
a bateh of
Variation

differ in any respect from S. Suworowil.
Statice spicata has pink or white flowers.
and succeeds under the same treatment as

afforded S. Suworowii.

SUTHERLANDIA FRUTESCENS.

THis plant is known as the Scarlet
Colutea and has orange-scarlet. flowers and
inflated seed vessels. It is a graceful South
African species frequently used in summer

bedding; it is equally useful for decorative
purposes in the greenhouse, and for the
latter purpose it is usually treated as an
annual. The seeds are best sown during
February in a temperature of about 60°.
The seedlings should be pricked off singly
into small pots, afterwards potting them on
as they require more root room until they
are in five-inch or six-inch pots, in which
receptacles they may be flowered. As they
increase in size they should be gradually
accustomed to greenhouse conditions. Suther-
landia frutescens grows freely in any good
potting compost. With its fine, grey-coloured
foliage and small, bright Pea-shaped flowers.
this plant presents a very elegant appearance
and is worthy of more general cultivation.
J. Coutts.

ORCHID NOTES AND GLEANINGS.

SCHOMBURGKIA UNDULATA.

A rINE. spike of this elegant species.
bearing a terminal head of about fifty
flowers, is sent by Messrs. Stuart Low and

Co., Jarvisbrook. Sussex. The flowers, which
are one-and-a-half-inch across, are borne on
pedicels three inches in length. The narrow,
reddish-purple sepals and petals are undulated

at the margins. The three-lobed lip has
the side lobes erect; it is rose-coloured,
the middle lobe purple. with a white disc

on which are five raised lines.
Schomburgkia undulata is a stately species
of Laclia-like growth. discovered by Linden
near Truxillo, in Venezuela, in 1841, but has
since been recorded from high elevations in

New Granada.
S. undulata first flowered with the late
Segismund Rucker. at Wandsworth, in 1844.

CYPHIPEDIUM OPAL.

FoLLowixe a strain of Cypripediums which
was raised at Oakwood, and for which
Awards of Merit were obtained in 1905 for
C. San-Actaeus and C. Sanacderae (insigne
Sanderac -© San-Aciaeus). by orossing the
latter with C. Mocnstone (longwoodense

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Nd Boe ‘Pear Tree. Road, PB

APRIL 18. 1023.

— —

Mirs. F. Sander), Clive Cookson, Esq.. Nether
Warden. Hexham (gr. W. J. Stables), has
produced a very pretty and distinct hybrid,
named Opal, a flower of which is now
received. The dorsal sepal is pure white.
with a rose flush on the lower half. ፐከሩ
lower sepals are wholly white and the
extended petals white with a rosy-mauve
flush on the inner half, darkest at the base.
where it extends in a dotted line to the
rniddle.

The yellow tint of C. insigne Sanderae is
strongly shown on the ivory-white ground of
the lip of the new hybrid. The substance
of the flower is firm and its surface glossy.

ORCHIS FOLIOSA.

COMMENCING a few years ago with a
single root of this fine Madeiran Orchis we
now have quite a colony of plants in a
moderately cool bed of vegetable soil in the
part shade of some Alders.

Although this Orchis will spread naturally
to some extent, we have found that it is
better to lift, divide and replant the clumps
every few years immediately the foliage
begins to go off in the late summer.

The bright green, strap-like leaves of O.
foliosa appear in early spring. The noble
flower heads of rich velvety purple develop
about a month later and often continue into
the first weeks of summer.

Though a moisture lover this splendid
species will grow well in borders where the
soil is deep, rich and moderately cool; but
& little shade from the hottest sun seems
desirable. In north Wales I have found O.
foliosa to be perfectly hardy, but a winter
covering may be advisable in bleak localities.
J.. Ro-Wen, Talycafn, N. Wales.

INDOOR PLANTS.

COLUMNEA.

COLUMNEAS are old garden plants, C.
scandens, a Guianan climbing species, having
been introduced over 160 years ago. The
hybrid Columneas raised by M. Lemoine,
Messrs. Vilmorin, Andrieux et Cie, and by
British growers have revived interest in the
genus, which, in general appearance, cultural
requirements, and floral effectiveness, resemble
the once popular Aeschynanthus.

A noticeable feature of the small-foliaged
4pecies of Columnea is the abnormal size of
the flowers. Columnea gloriosa of gardens. a
slender-stemmed, trailing plant with opposite,
fleshy, hirsute leaves, one-inch long by half-an-
inch wide, bears solitary, erect, bright scarlet
flowers three inches high. The blooms are
borne freely along the pendent growths.

C. microphylla is similar in habit to the
above. The foliage is small, as the specific
name implies, and the hooded, gaping, scarlet
flowers are spotted with yellow.

C. Oerstediana (Fig. 108) has scarlet flowers,
and is distinct from the above-named species.
Its wiry, much branched, arching stems are
clothed with small, glossy leaves.

C. vedrariensis, a hybrid between the erect
growing C. magnifica and the climbing C.
Schiedeana, is stiffer in habit, with thicker
stems, larger leaves, and scarlet flowers.
pencilled with yellow lines.

Columneas are essentially tropical subjects.
and during their growing season need a con-
siderable amount of heat and moisture. They
ure usually grown in pans or baskets suspended
from the roof.rafters, and require a spongy
compost of peat or fibre and Sphagnum moss.
Propagation is effected by cuttings, which root
readily when inserted in a brisk bottom heat.
The leafless stems cut into lengths of about
two inches and inserted as cuttings will form
roots, and top growth will develop from one
of the dormant buds በ! the apex. Fred. W.

Jeffery.

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

CROWEA.

CRowEA saligna and C. angustifolia are
two beautiful Australian shrubs which are very
useful for the decoration of the greenhouse.
Although cuttings of these Croweas may be

rooted in sandy peat, these plants never
grow very freely on their own roots; it is,
therefore, best to graft them on young

stocks of Correa alba or Eriostemon, standing

1()5.---!'()],[እ[ኣ ርላ

FIG.

(ከር plants in a close case in a cool. house

until the stock and scion unite.

When the grafted plants commence to
grow freely they should be pinehed on
frequent occasions to promote a bushy
habit.

The compost for these plants should

consist of a mixture of two parts peut and
one part of sandy loam, with sufficient sand
to render the soil porous.

Croweas should be grown in
conditions at all times, and, in

cool, airy
common

267

with all hard-wooded. plants the watering of
the roots must be done carefully.

ALOYSIA CITRIODORA.

THE Lemon-scented Verbena makes à good
subject for the cool conservatory, and is a
favourite on account of its refreshing
fragrance. Large specimens that have been
pruned hard will, if placed in a warm

OERSTEDIANA.

greenhouse and kept close and sprayed
during bright weather, soon start into

growth, and as growth advances the plants
should be given more air.

Many cultivators complain that this plant
is difficult to root, which is quite true if
hard, matured shoots are used as cuttings,
whereas young, half.ripened shoots root
readily in the spring in a close case.

When this plant is grown indoors it is
attacked by white fy and this must be
guarded against. J.

268

EDITORIAL NOTICES.

ADVERTISEMENTS should be sent to the
PUBLISHER, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

Special Notice to Correspondents.—The Editors do
not undertake to pay for any contributions or illustrations,
or to return unused communications or illustrations,
unless by special arrangement. The Editors do not hold
themselves responsible for any opinions expressed by
their correspondents.

ent Communications.—// sent by telegraph, these
Urgenta be addressed ''Gard. Chron.,", Rand; or. by

telephone, to Gerrard, 1543.

rations.—The Editors will be glad to receive and to

— photographs or drawings suitable for repr.duction.
of gardens, or of remarkable flowers, trees, etc., but they
cannot be responsible for loss or tnjury.

Editors and Publisher.—Our correspondents would
obviate delay in obtaining answers to their communi-
cations, and save us much time and trouble, if they would
kindly observe the notice printed weekly to the effect that
all letters relating to financial matters and to advertise-
ments should be addressed to the PUBLISHER; «na that
all communications intended for publication or referring
to the literary department, and all plants to be named
should be directel to the EDITORS. The two departments,
Publishing antl Editorial, are distinct, and much un-
necessary delay and confusion arise when letters are
misdirected,

apers.—(Correspondents sending newspapers should
be careful to mark the paroyraphs they wish the Editors
to see.

Local News.— Correspondents will greatly oblige by sending
to the Editors early intelligence of local events likely to be
of interest to our readers.

Letters for Publication as well as specimens of plants
for naming, should be addressed to the EDITORS,
5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, London.
ommunications should be WRITTEN ON ONE SIDE
ONLY OF THE PAPER, sent as early in the week as
nossible, and duly signed by the writer. If desired, the
simarre will not be printed, but kept as a guarantee of
qond faith.

THE STORY OF PERRY PEARS.

T the annual exhibition of the Glouces-
tershire Root, Fruit and Grain Society in
November last, there was an unique class

in which prizes were offered for collections of
perry Pears. The number of dishes to be
shown was unlimited, and one exhibitor
staged thirty-six varieties that were supposed
to be distinct. As a matter of fact, I do
not think they were, but, at any rate, they
were all known by different names. and
there was nothing but appearance to suggest
that any two or more varieties shown were
the same, as there was no means of
comparing the growth and habit of the
trees. From a spectacular point of view
there was nothing attractive about the
display, as the Pears were mostly small,
some of them excessively so, with nothing
striking about their appearance, and from
an edible standpoint they had even less to
recommend them. In a word, the insignifi-
eant-looking fruits might easily have marked
the initial stage in the evolution of Pears,
assuming that the recognised dessert varieties
in cultivation have been evolved from wild
parentage in the first place.

Yet, I think it is safe to say that in
no other place in the world outside the
western counties could such a collection of
fruit have been got together. In this
connection it may be observed that the
culture of Pears for the making of perry is
largely confined to the counties of Gloucester,
Hereford, and Worcester, whereas in Somerset
and Devon, both famous for their cider Apples,
there are scarcely any perry Pears grown.
There is something very interesting, too,
about these perry Pears which are so closely
associated with the history and folk-lore of
the counties to which they belong, and in
many cases the names they bear indicate
the places where they originated.

No nurseryman or scientific raiser can
claim credit for the introduction of perhaps
even ዜ single perry Pear, but, on the other
hand, they simply came in Nature's own
way, probably as seedlings which grew up
from the ** must" thrown out from the
perry mill; and it is a curious fact that,
while there are so many different varieties
of perry Pears to be found in orchards,
there has apparently been no increase to
the number for a generation, or even
longer.

— —Á— 5 0000

THE GARDENERS’

There is something very venerable about
the appearance of an old perry Pear tree,
and the majority of them, by the way, are
old. It has girth of stem and spread of
branch equal to those of a forest tree, and
about half-way up the stem there is a
ring and swelling in the bark which are
rather pnzzling to those who do not know
that the ring and swelling, still conspicuous
after & century or more, mark the point
where the variety was grafted on to the
wild Pear stock that was in the first place

planted in the orchard for the purpose.
The old perry Pear trees seem to be of
the same time and generation as the grey.

old village churches, the half-timbered farm.
houses, and the massive barns with which
they are associated. They belong to an
age, in fact, when commercial fruit growing
was unknown, and as you look at a giant
tree you wonder how many tons of Pears
it has borne and how many hundred gallons

of perry have been squeezed from the
fruits. The old trees, in fact, have kept
much the same, while men have lived and
died in successive generations and local

habits and customs have changed entirely.
Generally speaking, the perry Pear trees

are growing in grass orchards, but here and

there one sees mighty specimens in rows on

arable land. The presence of the trees
under the latter conditions is a ከዚ of
history, because they point to a period

when most of the land was arable and grew
corn, and in order to produce the fruit to
make perry the trees had to be planted on
ploughed land. That the conditions have
suited the trees is proved by their large size
and the crops of fruit they produce. The wild
vigour of perry Pears seems to render them
immune to the insects and diseases which
attack more edible varieties, and while in
some seasons crops are light and in others
heavy, the failure of the perry Pear crop
can generally be traced to climatic causes
rather than the ravages of insect pests or
disease. As in the case of dessert varieties,
some perry Pears ripen as early as u
Williams's Bon Chrétien, while others
keep firm until nearly up to Christmas.
which means that perry-making may extend

over a long period, and considerably more
juice is extracted from perry Pears than
from cider Apples.

It would be very interesting to know

just how, and by whom, these perry Pears
were originated, and in respect of some of
them the late Dr. Hogg obtained local
information, which appears as footnotes to
the description of the varieties in his
famous Fruit Manual. As an illustration,
Hogg tells us how the Barland Pear, known
to everybody who has any knowledge of
perry, got its name from Bare-land’s Farm,
in Hertfordshire, where it originated, no one
knows how long ago. Then there is the
Oldfield, a Gloucestershire Pear, which
produces a sparkling perry that is a drink
for the connoisseur; and Malvern Hill, the
earliest perry Pear to ripen, which, as its
name implies, originated somewhere in the
vicinity of the famous Worcestershire beauty
spot and health resort. The Norton Butt
is another well-known perry Pear, and in
an orchard in the village of Norton. a few
miles from Gloucester, the spot is pointed
out where the first tree of this variety is
supposed to have grown. There is a village
by the Severn side, on the outskirts of the
Forest of Dean, called Blakeney, and named
after this village there is & Pear called the
Blakeney Red. As a perry Pear it is not so
good as some others that are less attractive.
but the Blakeney Red has colour and is à
fair size, and—like the sparrow that is painted
yellow to make it à canary—these Pears have
appeared in fruiterers’ windows under the
names of much superior.eating varieties.
During the war boom tons of these Pears
were sold in wholesale markets at prices up

to a shilling a pound, and hundreds of
pounds sterling were made out of a few
big trees. In the past, Blakeney Reds

CHRONICLE.

APRIL 18, 1026.

have made their way even to Covent Garden
Market, thence to costermongers’ barrows.
One of these itinerant merchants is credited
with having named the Pears “one bites."
because he noticed that his customers aíter
buying a bag of Pears took a bite out of
one of them and threw the rest in the gutter
One could go on at length describing local
perry Pears, but I have written enough to
show that they are of more than passing
interest, while to-day they are of greater
commercial value than for many years.
because a ton of perry Pears will furnish a lot
of juice, which is as good as cider when
fermented, and. as a matter of fact. the
untrained palate cannot distinguish the
differenee between the two beverages.
Referring back to the propagation of perry
Pears, I arrived not long ago at a farmyard
just in time to rescue an interesting relic
of the above process. An old perry Peur
tree had died and the trunk was bein:
sawn up and split into logs for firewood.
In the middle of one of the logs, which
was in fact the middle of the tree trunk.
was the top of the original stock on which:
the Pear had been grafted a century or
more ago. The stump was about the
thickness of a broom handle; two graft»
had been inserted in the rind, just as they
are to-day; one scion had grown into the
tree, which had lived for certainly more
than a hundred years and borne many
tons of fruits, while the other graft had died.
but it had remained all those years
surrounded by the wood of the tree in the
position where the grafter had placed it.
There was the small, thin graft with the

sloping cuts still clearly showing and even
some remnants of the material used for
tying the scions. This relic of the art

of grafting is, of course only a curiosity.
but I prize it nevertheless as an interesting
link between the past and present in the
cult of the perry Pear. G. H. H.

TREES AND SHRUBS.

RHODODENDRON SPINULIFERUM.

RHODODENDRON SPINULIFERUM (see Fig. 109)
has flowers unlike most members of the
genus, for instead of being widely expanded
they are tubular, with the stamens exerted
for some considerable distance through the
corolla tube

This curious Rhododendron
by Abbé Delavay in woods
Yunnan, and M. Decloux sent seeds to M.
Maurice de Vilmorin in 1907, from which
the first plants were raised in Europe, and
from France the species was introduced to
Kew in 1910. This Rhododendron was found
subsequently by Forrest on hills north-west
of Yunnanfu, south-west Yunnan, at un
altitude of 6,000 to 8,000 feet. Although
the plant is a native of such high altitudes,
it is not perfectly hardy in this country:
it will doubtless succeed out-of-doors in
warm districts, especially if planted at the
foot of a warm south wall. Specimens in
Mr. J. €. William's gardens at Caerhays.
Cornwall, flower well in the open, the season
of blooming out-of-doors being April.

Rhododendron spinuliferum forms a thin-
habited shrub about eight feet high with
leaves disposed evenly along the twigs, and
not in whorls as is usual with Rhododendrons.
The foliage is wrinkled above, and there
are a few grey hairs and scales on the
undersurface; the name spinuliferum obviously
refers to the narrow spinules on the
margins of the foliage. The flowers are red
and resemble those of R. Keysii, which,
however, are brick-red, a much finer shade,
with five yellow points. The species under
notice has also affinities with R. spiciferum
and R. scabrifolium. The plant is figured
in Bot. Mag. t. 8,408, and the plate shows the
flower-bearing stems a violet-purple colour.
yet the text states that the bark is
reddish-brown.

was discovered
near 'longhay.

ሓመ E 1925

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SAB. garden. at. sip odes PERA ዘገ E
coger cares. goed lings: dus DIM an. Heres KEATS. ጻር.

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ICM 4923. ‘and. the: evi. dyid been: inne dre —
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yi dui uana n peatan At stg:

Rs ዘ aa sroin —

distinctive, using ከፊ dbi: LO PES of Selig:
ieinele parent. dn another (Fig. A10) the shape -
df the: Hower was. qraetically the sere n4 itio
‘Lo testaceum the mother plaut. duit the petala
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Y v

few dinoma. but: ihe petala : et the. teint: OM -
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— — — — —

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quim: ት ነ

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thre’ ጳቪበበዩኗ::. K

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—— 4816. Jorine ^remairis ‘to. dy men. v

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for High Grade

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3 a" WASTE YOUR GARDEN —
THE ADCO PROCESS —

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972

HARDY FLOWER BORDER.

THALICTRUM ANEMONOIDES.

UNDER the name of Anemone thalictroides
Linnaeus described a North American plant
in the Species Plantarum more fully than he
was accustomed to do, but this was changed
to Thalictrum anemonoides by Michaux. 1
noticed this plant under the name of Coptis at
Wisley, where it succeeds admirably in the
sandy, peaty soil amongst trees and bushes
where the shade seems to suit it. It is an
elegant, slender growing plant about a foot
high, and commences flowering late in. March.
Though it was introduced to this country
in 1768, and a double form recorded for the
same year, yet it is quite an uncommon
garden plant. Possibly few people have the
right soil or situation for it and fail to
grow it. ln any case there seems to be a
very small demand for it, for I cun find it
in only one out of about a dozen catalogues
of herbaceous plants.

The plant has a tuberous

rootstock, from

which radical leaves and a stem bearing
four leafy bracts arise. Most Anemones, if

not all, have three leafy bracts. In the species
under notice, one to five pedicels arise, each
bearing a single flower about the size of a
shilling, and pure white. A broad patch of
such a plant is quite effective at this early
period of the year when early flowers are
far from numerous. The radical leaves are
twice ternately divided into somewhat heart-
shaped, angular blades, which rest just under
the snowy flowers; the latter consisting of
petaloid sepals only, though Linnaeus called
them petals. J. F.

TRITONIA (SYN. MONTBRETIA) ROSEA

Lona comparatively neglected, "Tritonia, or
Montbretia rosea, is again appearing more
frequently in gardens. It is a plant of
pleasing habit with delicately-coloured flowers

that are valuable for cutting for home
decoration. The species has been long
enough in cultivation to be better known,

seeing that it was introduced from the Cape
to this country by way of Holland so far
back as 1793. It is very distinct from the
noble Montbretias which have been raised
and distributed within comparatively recent
years, being more slender and of a more
charming shade of light rose. It grows
about cighteen inches to two feet in height,
and a group of a dozen or so plants is
very pleasing in the border in autumn.
Still more attractive is a reserve or nursery
bed with a hundred or two spikes open at
once.

Tritonia rosea has appeared under various
names, but is now generally catalogued as
Montbretia rosea, and is offered at a moderate
price. It is well figured in the Botanical
Magazine, t. 618, and an illustration and descrip-
tion appeared in The Ladice Flower Garden of
Ornamental Plants, to which I am indebted
for a few particulars regarding this plant.
which I have known and grown for a
good many years. In view of my own
experience and that of a good many others
who have cultivated it, I was rather
surprised to read in Mrs. Loudon's work that
«it appears delicate, and it requires to be
kept in a pot and carefully nursed.” In
most places the plant seems to be hardy, and
will even withstand the winter in the open,
even in situations where the newer Montbretias
of the type of King Edward, Star of the Eust,
and similar fine varieties require winter
protection. This is at least the case in
light, well-drained soils.

The coloured plate in Mrs.
does not do justice to

Loudon's book
the colouring of the

flower, which is much better than in the
reproduction.
This Tritonia has several synonyms,

including Gladiolus roseus, -/aeq. ና G. striatus,

Banks: Vritonia capensis, Ker: llouttuynia
capensis, Hout. 1 may add that planting
is best done in spring where this bulb is
grown in the open. S. .1/ዘዐሀ//.,

THE

MARKET FRUIT GARDEN.

Marcu could not have been a better. month
from a fruit-grower’s point of view. Cold
winds kept back the fruit blossom, which

threatened to be dangerously carly, but will
now apparently be open at about the normal
time, or even a trifle late. Black Diamond,
which is the earliest of my Plums to bloom,
had opened only about a quarter of its
blooms by the end of the month, although
one or two burst so early as the Ith. For
ground cultivation the month was ideal. The

first horse cultivation of all the plantations
was done with unexpected ease, owing, no
doubt, to the loosening of the surface soil

by frost. As the rainfall of March amounted
to only O87 inch, there was nothing to
interrupt the work---in fact the showers were
helpful to hoeing. Conditions were excellent
also for spraying, as there were periods with
little or no wind. Altogether a great deal
of work was accomplished during the month,
and prospects, at the time of writing, are
all that could. be desired.

WHEN TO NPRAY.

AM the Plums were sprayed. with nicotine
and soft soap in March to kill. the stem-
mothers of the leaf-curling aphis. l am
now waiting for the Apples to become
sufficiently advanced to receive the same
treatment, except where they were sprayed
with a tar oil winter wash. As | am anxious
to spray also with Bordeaux mixture
before blooming, instead of leaving it till
afterwards, the aphis washing will have to

be done at a rather earlier stage than usual.
The unfortunate thing about aphides, Apple-
suckers, and caterpillars is that they hatch
out over a considerable period. Previously 1
have aimed at spraying when the bloom was
in the pink bud stage, doing the work twice so

as to catch most of the varicties at the
right time. This no doubt deals with the

bulk of the insects, practically all of which
have hatched out by then. I do not think.
however, that there will be anything lost by
rather earlier spraying. as this will prevent
a great deal of damage which is usually done
to the unopened buds. The rosy Apple aphis,
which is generally the worst of the pests,
certainly hatches early, and will probably be
destroyed before it has had time to multiply
to any extent. I know some good growers
who hold that carly spraying pays them
best.

I want to spray with
when the bloom is in
stage. 11 is unfortunate that one cannot
efficiently deal with aphides at the same
time. Some growers do add nicotine to their

mixture
pink ^"

Bordeaux
tbe “final

Bordeaux mixture, but personally 1 have
found nicotine almost useless without soap;

und soap, of course, ሁሎ quite impossible with
the fungicide. There. is; however, no reason
why arsenate of lead should not be mixed
with the Bordeaux mixture, and this will be
done if caterpillars are at all numerous.

SOME PRAYING MATERIALS.

The Bordeaux mixture 1 use. is made
aceording to the Woburn formula, and is
bought ready prepared in the forim of ከ
paste. 1 believe this to be the safest formula
to use. Last year a calcium caseinate spreader
was added, but this will not. be used. this
season as it occurs to me that it must. be

undesirable to add any limy materia] to. this
particular. kind of Bordeaux mixture, and the

makers agree with me.

[ have mentioned. nicotine, but foam using
chiefly a proprietary Derris extract instead.
| have found this to. ከሁ quite as good as
nicotine, and it is now decidedly cheaper.
Nicotine at 14s. per Ib. is almost. out of

reach of ዚዜ commercentl grower,

FLOWERING PROBLEMS.

| have never been able to believe im the
importance. of ripe wood for carrying bloom
and fruit. The ripening of the wood. in

GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

Aprit. 18, 1955.

autumn is a inatter much talked about. 1
believe it ripens sufficiently in any season.

Supposing the tips of the shoots do not get
quite ripe, that is not likely to have uct:
influence on the crop of the following vear.
considering that most hardy fruits bear chiefy
on spurs on the older wood. Certainly there
could not have been a worse season for
ripening wood than that of last year. Yet
it is already clear that pretty well anything
in the shape of a fruit tree is going to
bloom profusely. Anyone could have predicted
this ten or twelve months ago with little
fear of being wrong. The trees are blooming
freely this year because they bloomed vers
little last year. The alternate-year bearing
habit is the determining factor. There arc
puzzling exceptions, 13. must admit. For
instance, 1 have some old Czar Plums which
ure very regular in alternate-year bearing
They had a full crop last year, and yet. for
some reason or other, they are going ta
bloom profusely again this season. Whether
the bloom will set remains to be seen. But
what has thrown them out of their biennial
habit so far as blooming is concerned? I]:
always seems as if it must be a problem
of nutrition; but there is nothing in thr
manuring of these Czars to account for their
behaviour. They had a dressing of shoddy
in the winter of 1922 and complete artificials in
the early autumn of 1923. Perhaps this was
enough to enable them to form fruit buds
in 1924 in spite of the burden of a heavy
crop. Frost, of course, prevents regular bear-
ing; but what can prevent regular blooming
if not want of nourishment? I have been
trying for several years to secure annual
blooming by the use of manures, but with
only slight indications of success. Unfortunately
plans had to be upset last year for reasons
of economy, but 1 hope to resume trials of
manuring during the growing season if there
is a full crop this year.

GEESE IN ORCHARDS.

Having failed to obtain any information
about running geese under fruit trees to
keep down grass and weeds, I have purchased
three of these interesting birds and enclosed
them on about an acre of half-standard
Apples. This odd piece of land is awkward
to cultivate, and it practically grassed itself
down last year. As the trees would probably
be better in grass, I am going to see
whether the geese will relieve me of any
further trouble by keeping the grass under
control. People tell me all sorts of things
about them. Some say that they graze as
much as ጸ cow, and should do the work
well. Others say that they will eat sweet
grasses, but not such stuff as Creeping
Bent, which is my chief weed. It is too
early to say what the result will be. but
certainly the geese do a lot of grazing.
They seem to be nearly always at it; but
whether three ot them will be enough for
an acre remains to ከሁ seen. They are
certainly less. trouble than any other. kind of
poultry, requiring only a handful of grain n

day in addition to the grass, and nothing
but a rough, open shed (which they never
use) in the way of housing.
MARKETING PROBLEMS.
The Ministry of Agriculture has given በ

great. deal of attention to marketing questions

recently; and now comes news that a
marketing officer has been appointed. to
conduct an investigation into the machinery

of fruit. distribution in
This is all to the good, as it may be
assumed that this officer will, when m
possession of all the facts, be in a position

England and Wales.

to recommend reforms in our wholesale
markets and methods of marketing which
may help to secure for growers u rather

larger share of the prices paid by consumers
for fruit and vegetables. The appointment
may. no doubt. be taken as a sign that the
Ministry docs not mean to allow the excellent
work oof the Linlithgow Committee 10 be
entirely wasted. |

wt

Aprit 18, 199:

With regard to the advice on marketing
which is being rather freely given, it is to
be doubted whether growers need advice so
much as they need assistance towards the
production of fruit that is worth good
marketing. The boxing of Apples is specially
urged; but it may be said that, whereas
almost any grower can learn to pack Apples
in boxes in a few hours, very few are at
present growing a fair proportion of fruit of

good enough quality for boxing. The
greatest enemy to the boxing movement in

this country is Apple scab; and one of the
greatest boons that the Ministry could con-
fer on the industry would be the institution
of exhaustive investigation with a view to
finding reliable preventives of this disease.
So far as 1 am aware, the only experiments
on seab prevention being carried out at

present are those in progress at East
Malling Research Station; and those are
designed to test the effects of various

standard fungicides on the trees rather than
to discover any new remedy or method of
Attack. In our moist climate it is much
more difficult to grow Apples good enough
to box than it is in the arid regions over-
«eas, where Apples are grown, with the help
of irrigation, for export to this country.
With a dry climate and abundant sunshine,
and with water to turn. on just when
required, the seab problem can hardly be
said to exist at all. In this country, in a
wet year like 1924, wc are almost powerless
against scab with our present weapons.

At long last we have been provided (by
the Dutch?!) with a winter wash which
renders us practically independent of insect
pests. We now want something equally
effective as a preventive against seab and
other fungous diseases. Market Grower.

PUBLIC PARKS AND GARDENS.

THE Town Council of Morecambe has
applied to the Ministry of Health for
sanction to borrow £25,000 for the laying
out and improvement of the Regent Road
recreation ground.

AFTER receiving a deputation from the
Agricultural Society, the Parks Committee of
the City `of Edinburgh did not adopt the
report of the sub-committee which recom-
mended refusal of the use of the Meadows
for the Society's show, and resolved 10
recommend that the request be granted. At
their monthly meeting on April 2 it was
agreed by the Town Council to grant the
use of the park for the show. It was
explained to the Parks Committee that the
park would only be required for two days.

At the same meeting of the Town Council
a proposal that the charges for the use of
the bowling greens be raised from three.
pence to threepence-halfpenny per hour for
singles and pairs and from twopence-half.
penny to threepence per player for a whole
rink was considered. It was stated that
the loss on the bowling greens during the
past year had amounted to £990. and that
there would be a stated deficit even if
the increased charges were adopted. After a
full discussion the proposal of the Parks
Committee to increase the charges as above
was defeated and it was decided that a flat
rate of threepence per player be charged.

AT their meeting on April. 2. the Edin-
burgh Town Council agreed to give leave of

absence to Mr. John Jeffrey. the Superin-
tendent. of Parks, to act as a member of
the international. jury at the Duteh Inter-

national Spring Show from April 10 to 13.
The Council also agreed to pay Mr. Jeffrey's
expenses.

THE

GARDENERS’
APPLE LEAF SCORCH.

May T be permitted to make some
observations through the medium of your
paper on an article on “ Apple Leaf scorch "'
which appeared in The (Jurdeners! Chronicle,
March 28, 1925, under the signature of H. E.,
Durham.

The object of the article 18 apparently to

show how the results of investigations on
Leaf scorch carried out at Long Ashton
actually appear to disprove our conclusions

regarding a deficiency of potash in the food
of the plant being the cause of, or associated
with, Leaf scorch.

As the problem of Leaf scorch is very
complex, and as any general discussion of
the problem would accordingly ከዮ very
lengthy, 1 am confining my remarks in this
communication to the points raised in the
article with reference to “the role of
potash.”

Your correspondent arrives at his con-
clusions from considerations, ete., | taken
from our Annual Reports of 1921. 1922, and
supports his conclusions by quoting the work

of Dr. Bernard Dyer on “ Available Mineral
Plant Food in Soils." (Journ. Chem. Soc.,
LXV., 1894, p. 162).

It is obvious from the selected statements

which are given that your correspondent has
failed to appreciate the significance of the
whole of the facts presented in the Reports,
and we should, therefore, like to bring to
his notice certain points which make clear
the róle of potash as an antidote against
Leaf scorch.

Considering first our observations on Leaf
scorch in the pot experiments recorded in
the Annual Reports, 1921, 1922, Leaf scorch
was entirely absent from Series H (rain
water only) in both seasons; entirely absent
from Series C (nitrogen omitted) in 1921,
although these trees scorched slightly in 1922
when bearing a heavy crop (in this connection,
see Journ. of Pomology, January, 1925, article

by Hatton and Grub on “Apple Leaf
ጸ8ር0፻ርክ "); scorch was fairly severe in both
years in Series A (complete nutrient); in

Series D (potash omitted) scorch was always
more severe than in any other serics and
was always in evidence at an earlier date
than in any other series; in Series G
(magnesium omitted), towards the end of
1921, scorch was more marked than in
Series ላ, but on all other occasions wat
similar in amount to Series A.

It wil be noted from these observations
that the only series in which Leaf scorch
was not developed to any extent, nitrogen
was absent from the solutions given-- Series
C and H--and that Leaf scorch was con-
sistently the most severe on plants in Series D
in which potash was omitted.

From these results it would appear that
the ratio nitrogen/potash in the nutrient
solution is of importance in considering the

question of the production of Leaf seorch in
these experiments, whilst the possible im-
portance of magnesium, though in a minor
role to potash, should not be overlooked.

Further experiments carried out during
1923 (Annual Report, 1923, pages 43-47) -of
which experiments your correspondent makes
no mention—showed that the ratio nitrogen;
potash in the complete nutrient solution was
the factor which determined the development.
or otherwise of Leaf scorch in similar pot
experiments on Apple trees, using the same
variety--Cox's Orange Pippin -as in the 1921
to 1922 experiments. :

In these experiments no Leaf scorch was
developed on trees receiving a complete
nutrient solution in which the ratio nitrogen,
potash was decreased below that of the
Solution A used in the previous experiments

by adding extra potash to Solution A.
whereas the trees receiving — Solution A

developed scorch as in previous years.
Moreover, in our nutritional experiments with
Gooseberries, Black Currants, Raspberries, and

CHRONICLE,

273

Strawberries, the only treatment which has
produced Leaf scorch has been “ potash
omitted " treatment.

In these later experiments no further
evidence has been obtained to show that
magnesium plays any part jn preventing

scorch.

In passing, it should be
these experiments in which Leaf scorch has
been entirely eliminated by high potash
feeding carbonates and humic matters have
been absent.

These results leave
of the present writer
of the ròle of potash in
scorch in cases where the condition results
from unbalanced nitrogenous feeding. Our
experience in the field has shown that such
cases are common in practice -especially on

noted that in

no doubt in the mind
as to the importance
controlling Leaf

the lighter soils--and in such cases where
potash treatment has been given by us, it
has generally resulted in a great reduction
of the amount of Leaf scorch originally
present.

The argument which your correspondent

uses in the paragraph commencing. ** But the
possible ròle of potash is still further
ousted appears to us to be quite
unsound. He. states near the end of the
paragraph. **In passing, it may be noticed
that we do not know what may be the
requisite available potash for healthy Apple
growth (0:005. per cent"; and vet, in
the same paragraph, he states, “the possible
role of potash is stil further ousted . . .
0:0058 and 0:0060. It will be observed that
this limit is well exceeded in the subsoil

surface soil." (Note that Dr. Dyer's
results, to which reference is made, referred
to Barley crops grown at Rothamsted).

The essence of this argument by which
potash is ousted, is that although the
amount of available potash required by thc
Apple is not known, yet the amounts found
in a certain soil on which Apple trees
scorched are about this unknown amount.

Since, in our experiments, we have shown
that the development of Leaf scorch can be

determined | under the simplest possible
eonditions in sand culture by the ratio of
nitrogen/potash in the plant food, one can
hardly conceive how a definite limit of

available potash in soils above which Leaf
scorch will not occur can be fixed.

In this connection, it will probably be of
interest to your correspondent to learn that
in the cases mentioned in our Annual Report
for 1921, page 92, Centres A. and F., where
the amounts of the available potash in the
surface soils were 0181% and 0:01339,
respectively - the highest of the cases con-
sidered--Leaf scorch has practically dis-
appeared since dressings of potash manures
have been applied.

Since. publishing our report on Leaf scorch
in 1921, we have carried on our physiological
investigations with a view of discovering the
manner in which potash deficiency within
the tree renders the latter susceptible to
scorch, — '"he results indicate that potash
plays an important part in determining the
water relations existing within the tree, and
that it is possibly of special importance in
preventing excessive. loss of water from the
leaves under conditions of bright sunlight.
The observations made in these. experiments
would appear to be of special significaneo to
the problem as indicating yet another reason

why potash manures should — exercise a
beneficial action in cases of Leaf scorch in
Apples.

In conclusion, | should like to state that
potash manuring will be effective in reducing
the amount of Leaf scorch in plantations
where the primary cause of the trouble is

the existence of the. high "nitrogen/potash
ratio in the tree food. As, however, Leaf
scorch 11) the field can result. from causes
other than the above, if is not to be
expected that potash dressings wil be
effective in all cases. T. Wallace, Long

Ashton Research Station.

—
HOME CORRESPONDENCE.

Apple-Leaf Scorch.—Looking at this prevalent
complaint of our Apple trees solely fron the
point of view of the grower. I must confess
an inability to see how its occurrence and
continuance can be attributed finally to
deficiency of potash in the soil. During com-
paratively recent years Apple-leaf scorch has
spread with extraordinary rapidity in various
parts of the country with their wide differences
of climate and soil. No one would be so
bold as to assert that all these soils, ranging
from the lightest sands to the heaviest clays,
have lost. entirely or in part, their potash
content at the same time, and that the
shortage displays itself only in one plant—
the Apple. Again, one sees curious examples
of the visitation which in their turn make
it still more difficult to accept the theory
that the trouble is directly due to the lack
of available potash. In a garden within a
quarter-of-a-mile of where [| write there is
a bhroad path on each side of which is a
row of twenty bush Apples, planted as nearly
as one can judge ten or eleven years ago.
The management has been reasonably good.
the crops satisfactory, and the trees are cledn
and healthy, with one exception, a shapely
specimen towards the north end on the west
«de. which suffers badly from leaf-scorch.
Are we to assume that the potash has
suddenly vanished or become “locked up”
in the neighbourhood of the roots of this
tree alone? In an orchard of young standard
Apples, to which the before-mentioned path
leads, there was not a visible indication of
the presence of leaf-scorch last season. The
trees have been neglected in pruning, cleaning,
and feeding since they were planted in 1914,
and they are stunted because the grass has
grown right to their stems from the time of
planting to the autumn of 1923, when a ring
of open soil was formed around each. Might
we not expect leaf-scorch to develop iu them
if it is due to lack of potash? While
availability of potash and defective root
action may be contributary causes of the
increasing trouble we must, l think, look
elsewhere for the primary cause, notwith-
standing the extremely interesting deductions
which have been developed from the Long
Ashton experimente. In regard 10 the in-
terpretations of the reports of these experiments
made respectively by Dr. Durham and Market
Grower, 1 must confess to having come to pre-
cisely the same conclusions as the latter. W. T.

Potato Breeding.—1 should be much obliged
if Mr. McIntosh would furnish the names of
the varieties of Potatos highly resistant to
late Blight disease and the one variety
immune to common Scab, to which ከር
refers on p. 256. To the ordinary grower
this information will be of very great value.
Varieties immune to wart disease are noted
in seedsmen's catalogues, but I have never
noticed any sorts specially recommended as
being resistant to late blight or scab.
E. G. Evans, Highfields, Halberton, Tiverton.

Bees and Apple Fertilisation.—The discussion
of this subject, which has proceeded in The
rardeners’ Chronicle during the several months
which have elapsed since my original letter
appeared, shows a wide divergence of views:
nevertheless, there seems to be a consensus
of opinion that bees are valuable assistants
of fruit growers. This was my contention at
the outset, and statements made by several
experienced writers have gone to confirm it.
Mr. F. J. Chittenden made reference to the
subject during the course of his valuable
address at Ipswich (reported on page 242).
Referring in laudatory terms to the value of
hive bees in fruit fertilisation, he alluded to
their comparative scarcity in some districts,
and paid tribute to the excellent work in the
same direction done by wild bees, especially
mentioning the energetic humble or bumble
bees. Thanks to the support given in these
pages I shall continue to feel justified in
recommending the provision of stock of bees
in fruit plantations. W. T.

SOCIETIES.

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL.

Api 15 AND 16.—The Society's Daffodil
Show was held at Vincent Square on these
dates and was a very successful function,
considering the season and the difficulty of
getting flowers to London immediately after
the Easter holidays. The Society provides
the accommodation for the show and also
the medals awarded. The prize money is
contributed by Daffodil lovers, and Messrs.
E. A. Bowles, P. R. Barr and €. H. Curtis
are responsible for its — provision and
distribution.

The Narcissus and Tulip Committee met on
this occasion, so soon as judging was
finished ; they considered the merits of
eighteen new varieties and also made recom-
mendations concerning the next Daffodil
Show.

Narcissus and Tulip Committee.

Present’ Mr. E. A. Bowles (in the chair).
Miss Willmott, and Messrs. P. D. Williams,
W. F. M. Copeland. W. Poupart. G. W.
Leak, Geo. Churcher, J. W. Jones, Henry
Backhouse. Charles H. Curtis, C. C. Titch-
marsh, Herbert Smith, C. W. Needham,
F. H. Chapman, A. W. Goodwin, R. Rollo

Meyer, H. G. Hawker, F. Barchard, Geo.
Monro, W. B. Cranfield, J. W. Pearson,
Alfred W. White and Robert ነኛ. Ascroft
(Secretary).

AWARDS OP MERIT.

Narcissus Lady Diana Manners.--This
promises to be a useful market variety and
for this and for garden purposes it gained
the award. It is almost of Poeticus type,
but has very broad, thick, white perianth
segments that reflex a trifle. The crown is
rich orange-scarlet. Shown by Messrs. J. T.
WuiTE AND Sons. Spalding.

Narcissus Yellow Jacket.—A pretty variety
and one which is supposedly of gracilis and
Poeticus parentage, but this parentage would
appear to ከቦ “not proven" and many
growers consider it to be a Jonquilla hybrid,
and, indeed it was entered as such despite
the parentage suggested. The flowers are
small, starry. with incurving margins to the
yellow, orange-tinted perianths and segments;
the cup is small, neat and yellow. Shown
ከጅ Mr. C. A. JARDINE, Chiswick.

Narcissus Dawson City.—AÀ grand trumpet
variety of soft golden yellow colouring. It
has unusually broad perianth segments
and a long, stiff trumpet with frilled but not
recurved rim. This bold, handsome variety
was raised by Messrs. Van Tubergen and was
a notable feature among new Daffodils shown
at the International exhibition at Haarlem.
It gained the award as a show variety.
Shown by Messrs. R. H. BATE.

Narcissus Treasure—One of the neatest
and most shapely of Trumpet Daffodils, of
rich, golden-yellow colouring. The broad
perianth segments overlap to form a rounded
setting for the comparatively short, tubed
trumpet. The latter is wide, and has a
beautifully-recurved and frilled rim. A fine
show flower. Shown by Messrs. R. H. Batu.

Narcissus — Beersheba.— An exquisite and
chaste Trumpet Daffodil of large size. The
perianth segments are wide but bluntly

pointed, and the very long trumpet has a
lightly-frilled rim. The flower is wholly

white, but not so solidly white as in the
case of White Knight and similar sorts.
Raised by Rev. G. H. Engleheart. Exhibited

as a show flower by Mr. J. LIONEL RICHARD-
SON, Waterford.

Narcissus Jubtlant.—A splendid Incompara:
bilis variety of fine form and size. The blooms
have a clean-cut appearance that renders them
very distinct. The colour is bright sulphur.
yellow. Shown by Mr. P. D. WILLIAMs.

Narcissus Kingeroft—A Poetaz variety of

APRIL 15. 1925
outstanding merit. The flowers are large.
substantial and finely formed. They are
white with an orange crown. Each stout

stem carried two fine and fragrant blooms. This
should prove a capital market variety and
possibly a good subject for pot culture.
Raised and shown by Mr. P. D. WILLIAMS.
St. Keverne.

PRELIMINARY ('ERTIFICATE.

Narcissus Fanny Currey-—A delightful flower
of giant Leedsii type, but the semi-trans-
parent blooms are white, with a pink frilled
rim to the wide-mouthed trumpet. Shown
by Mr. J. LIONEL RICHARDSON.

Narcissus Hades.—A beautiful Barrii variety
with creamy yellow perianth, and a broad.
rounded cup of intense orange-searlet. Shown by

Mr. J. LioNEL RICHARDSON.
OPEN COMPETITIVE CLASSES.

The best twelve vases of large Trumpet
Daffodils was shown by the DoNARD
NunsERY Co, who included Grenadier.
Clarion, Gorgcous (yellows), White Emperor.

and Moira O'Neill. Mr. F. H. CHAPMAN and
Mr. J. L, RICHARDSON were placed equal
second. Mr. RicHARDSON was first with
twelve Incomparubilis varieties, of which
his very best were The President. Orange
Glow, Brightness, and Leontes; second, the
DoNARD Nursery Co.

In the class for twelve Barrii varieties Mr.
J. L. RICHARDSON was alone, and was
awarded the first prize for a fine collection
of such sorts as Firetail, Harpagon, Queen
of Hearts, and Crimson Braid. Similarly the
DonarD Nursery Co. were awarded first
prize in the class for twelve large Leedsii
varieties. They showed mostly seedlings under
numbers.

There were no exhibits of small Leedsii
or Poetieus varieties in the above section.

The following classes required three stems
each of six varieties. Mr. F. H. CHAPMAN.
showing three seedlings of considerable merit
with Formidable, Ossa, and Yukon, was first
with yellow Trumpets, and Mr. RICHARDSON
was second. Mr. RICHARDSON was first with
(a) white Trumpets, (b) bicolor Trumpets.
(c) yellow Incomparabilis, (d) yellow Barrii.
(e) white Barrii, and (f) large Leedsii. His
outstanding sorts were (a) Atalanta. White
Dame, (b) Mr. W. Christie Miller, (c) Bright-
ling, Orange Glow. Leontes, (d) The President.
Pedestal, Seville, (e) Queen of Hearts, Lady
Moore, Ruby, and (f) Irish Pearl, Tenedos.
and Kingdom. Mr. CHAPMAN was second
with white Trumpets and with large Leedsii.
and Mr. W. A. Watts was second with
bicolor Incomparabilis. Small Leedsii were
not represented, but with charming seedlings
Mr. W. F. M. CoPELAND was first with Triandrus.
with Mr. Watts second, and also first with
Doubles, of which he showed Oranges and
Lemons, Trene Copeland, and Meringues.

Competition was much better :n the classes
for new varieties, where the best twelve sorts
raised by the exhibitor were shown by Mr.
P. D. Wiuurams. This magnificent collection
included Kilter, a vivid Barrii, Theodore, a
delightful Barrii bloom with a primrose-
coloured perianth and glowing corona, and
St. Agnes, a giant Leedsii with evenly crested
margin to the corona. Dr. N. T. LowEx.
who was second in this strong class, showed
John Peel. a Barrii bloom of uncommon
pink colouring on the perianth and a reddish-
orange corona. Beauty of Radnor and Rewa.
which has a pale orange corona, were also
admirable.

The best six varieties
exhibitor were shown by
MEYER, Walton Rectory, Hertford. They
were mostly seedlings of great merit. The
Rev. G. T. Pearce, Creed Rectory, Gram.
pound, Cornwall, who was second, also had
meritorious blooms.

Showing unnamed seedlings
NunsERY Co. were first in

raised by the
the Rev. A. R.

the DONARD
the class for

APRIL 18, 1925.

THE GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE.

275

three varieties raised by the exhibitor, and

Mr. CoPELAND was second.

The class for twelve varieties not yet in
commerce was well filled with splendid flowers.
The first prize was won by Mr. P. D.
WILLIAMS with a magnificent collection, which
included Miriam, a sulphur-yellow Trumpet,
Kilter, Nelly, and Kenegic, three Barrii
varieties with vivid coronas. Mr. RICHARDSON,
who was second, staged Golden Ingot, Yellow
Trumpet, and Sunset Glow, a beautiful Barrii
variety.

Seedlings were almost exclusively shown in
the classes for six and for three varieties
not yet in commerce, and here the first
prize in the former was won by the Rev. H.
R. MEYER, and Mr. COPELAND was second
in the smaller class. Major CHURCHER won
the first prize in the “Novices” class with
three very good varieties.

The market classes for boxes
as packed for market did not

of Daffodils
induce any

competition; the only boxes being sent by
Mossrs. 9. E. WHITE AND SONS.

There were many entries in the open
classes for single blooms of the various
divisions. Mr. P. D. WILLIAMS was first in

both Incomparabilis classes, showing Jubilant
and Galopin; with Kilter in the yellow
Barrii class; and with Nellie in the small
Leedsii. Mr. ነኛ. WELSHMAN, who showed
Highlands, was first for yellow Trumpets.
Mr. J. L. RICHARDSON, who showed
Beersheba and a seedling, won first prizes
for white and for hicolor Trumpets, and
with Ringdove won the first prize for
Poeticus varieties. Mr. Watts was first with
‘Trumpet-shaped Triandrus, and Mr. COPELAND
was similarly successful with the cup-shaped
variety. Sollert, shown by the Donarp

NURSERY Co.. was the best Jonquilla, and
Xerxes, shown by Mr. W. A. Warts, was

the best Tazetta bloom.

Competition was poor in the Amateur
Classes, where Miss K. M. HINCHCLIFFE,
Worlington House, Instow, was awarded
most of the fimt prizes. Her collection of
twenty-four varieties included very good
blooms of Golden King, Elfrida Pearson,

Svbil Foster. King Alfred. and Golden Rose.

Chief amongst her six Trumpets were,
Treasure Trove, Julana and Gwendal;
Herrick and Virgil were her best. JIncoin-
parabilis varieties.

In Section VL the first prize collection

was shown by Miss VIOLET WARREN, The

Quinta, Canterbury, who included Monarch,
Incognita and Homespun. Miss WARREN
was also first with small Leedsii blooms.

The Rev. G. PEARCE was first with yellow,
white, and bicolor Trumpets, Incomparabilis
and large Leedsii varieties. Major CHURCHER,
showing excellent blooms of Robin Adair,
Festive and Pedestal, was first with bicolor
Incomparabilis and with ‘Tazetta varieties.
The bowls of Daffodils were very unin-
teresting and did not display the decorative
value of the flowers so much as might
have been expected. The first prize was
awarded to Mr. W. F. M. COPELAND.

NON-COMPETITIVE EXHIBITS.

Over two hundred varieties of the different
divisions were admirably staged by Messrs.
BARR AND Sons. To the enthusiast the greatest
interest lay in the many splendid seedlings—
as yet unnamed-—and more especially in the
vivid coronas of the Barrii varieties both
those with white and with yellow perianths.
Probably these are the finest of their type
that have been shown. Amongst the many
named varieties we especially noted Basilia,
a large, yellow Trumpet, with a widely ex-
panded, frilled cup; Fides, a similar but
deeper coloured bloom; Fiery Monarch, a
large Incomparabilis with a fiery orange
cup: Warwick and Nereus. two very large
and rich yellow Trumpets; Milk. and Honey,
ዘ double flower of chaste colouring ; St. Olaf,
a starry Leeds and Silver. Cycle a lovely
bicolor. cyclamineus hybrid. (Gold Medal).

THe Donarp Nursery Co. had an
extensive collection in which the large
Trumpet varieties were prominent. The chief
white or sulphur coloured were Comely,
Eskimo, white; Silver Fox, Tenedos,
Phantasy, Everest and Lady Sackville. The
yellows included Gog and Magog and March
Wind, while outstanding amongst the Barri
blooms were Sunrise, Dosoris, Croesus and
Carnival. Fortune, a large Incomparabilis
with a yellow perianth and orange cup and
Bernardino, white perianth and citron cup
were also of great merit (Gold Medal).

The large Trumpet varieties also commanded

considerable attention in the collection
arranged by Mr. J. L. RicHarpson. His
outstanding yellow varieties included Master

Robert, Serjeant Murphy, Loyalist, Michael and
Goldbeater. Ivorine, Queen of the North
and White Star of the small Leedsii and
Vjiretail and Croesus of the Barrii types were
also admirable (Gold Medal).

In addition to seedlings of more than
average merit Messrs. R. H. BATH. LTD.
staged admirable vases of many named sorts,
Bath’s Flame, a red-rimmed Barrii of great
substance attracted a deal of well deserved
attention, Buttermilk and Inglescomb are two
excellent doubles. Lord Kitchener, with pale
primrose trumpet; The Marquis and Dominion,
two splendid large trumpet varieties; White
Nile, Golden Goblet, and Early Gold are the
names of only a few of their excellent
varieties. (Gold Medal).

The grouping of such excellent Barrii
varieties as Marshlight, Sunrise and Brilliancy
by Messrs. J. R. PEARSON AND Sons,
admirably illustrated their great decorative
value. Other fine sorts which they included
are Moira O'Neill, Sanctity, a pendulous white
Trumpet ; Fairy, yellow Trumpet; Argent and
the Pearl, doubles; Bernardino, ‘Thorkel and
Potentato (Silver-Gilt Banksian Medal).

The WErsu BurB FIELDs Company showed
a number of promising seedlings and also
such named sorts as Brigand, Canute and
Lord Roberts, excellent yellow Trumpet
varieties; Peggy, an Incomparabilis with
a fiery, orange corona, and Brightling, a
highly decorative Barrii bloom with a broad,
flattened corona of great brillianey. (Silver-
gilt Banksian Medal.)

There were. many novelties of considerable
merit in the large collection set up by Mr.
4. W. Barr. These included St. Hilda, a
large white Trumpet: St. Hywin, ዜ frilled
giant Leoedsii : Silver Fleece, a lovely paper-
white Triandrus ; Alope, a magnificent bloom
of deep primrose colour with a richer
trumpet ፥ Nyssa, a vivid Barrii ; Sarchedoin,
a splendid Poeticus ; Jasper, of rich colour-
ing; and Treserve, a large, yellow Trumpet.
(Silver Banksian Medal.)

Frostbound, a sulphur - ycllow ‘Trumpet ;
Killarney, a large Trumpet of pale yellow
colouring; Red Lady, Sunrise, and Dragon,
Barrii varieties; Phantasy, White Emperor,
Mrs. R. Sydenham, and Sulphur Queen, were
included in the group of Messrs. CARTWRIGHT
AND GOODWIN (Silver Banksian Medal).

A small collection of valuable sorts was
arranged by Mr. W. P. Downers, who
included Gloria Mundi, Mystery, pale sulphur
corona; Evangeline, a small Leedsii, and
Patriot, a paper-whito Trumpet, with pale
yellow corona (Silver Banksian Medal).

Amongst his good seedlings Mr. W. F. M.
CorELAND showed Irene Copeland, Oranges
and Lemons and Ragged Friar, three excel-
lent double varieties, as well as a selection
of other types (Silver Banksian Medal).

A small collection, chiefly of useful
decorative varieties, was arranged. by Mr.
THORNTON (Bronze Banksian Medal).

ROYAL SCOTTISH ARBORICULTURAL.

A MEETING of the Royal Scottish Arbori-
cultural. Society was held at Edinburgh on
the Sth inst., Sir John R. Gladstone, Bart.,
of Fasque, president of the Society, in the
chair, On behalf of the Education and

.

Research Committee, Mr. George Leven
reported that a large number of photographs
had been obtained from which they proposed
to make a selection of slides to illustrate
the two popular lectures which had been
prepared. The Committee had also under
consideration a proposal to organise a series
of lectures on forestry subjects to teachers,
in connection with which Professor Stewart
MacDougall had promised his help. Mr.
Robert Allan submitted, on behalf of the
Exhibition Committee, a list of competitions
in connection with the Society’s exhibition
at the Highland and Agricultural Society's
show at Glasgow, and drew attention to the
fact that the prize money had been doubled
on this occasion. The secretary, Mr. R.
Galloway, S.S.C., submitted on behalf of the
Excursion Committee à programme of the
excursion which is to be held to the North
of Scotland in the last week of June, with
headquarters at Inverness. He indicated
that the Committee expected to have at
their disposal a number of excursion bursaries

which would be available for members
who found it inconvenient to meet the
expense of the whole excursion, and he
expressed the hope that members would
take advantage of these bursaries. The
Committee also had under consideration a
proposal that one-day excursions should

be organised in different districts, the places
mentioned being Balcarres in the third week
in May, Benmore during the Highland show
week, and Douglas Castle Woods in the
autumn. The Council adopted these sugges-
tions and instructed the Committee to make
the necessary arrangements.

READING AND DISTRICT GARDENERS.’

THE last fortnightly meeting of the spring
session was held in the Abbey Hall on the
6th inst. under the presidency of Mr. Frank
E. Moring. There was a large attendance
of the members.

The feature of thc meeting was the large
entry for the Narcissi and Polyanthus com-
petitions, There was a grand display of cut
flowers, consisting of Narcissi, Violets, Arum
Lilies, Wallflowers, | Polyanthus, ete., eon-
tributed by the following members and to
be sent to the Royal Berkshire Hospital at
the close. of the meeting, viz., Messrs.
GOWER, MOULTON, WEBB, TOWNSEND, FULKER,

JANES, JENNINGS. Cocks, J. WYNN, H.
WYNN, Dow, STRANSOM, BROOMFIELD,
WATKINS, and HOWLETT.

In the competition for three vases of
Nareissi, three distinct varieties, nine blooms
to a vase, there were seven entries; the
first prize was awarded to Mr. H. Broom-
FIELD, Cliffe House Gardens, Mapeldurham ;
the second to Mr. F. TowwNwsENbp, Hillside

Gardens, Reading; and the third to Mr. F.
J. GREEN, Aldermaston Court Gardens. In
the class for one vase of Narcissi, eighteen
blooms, mixed, there were six entries. The
first prize was won by Mr. H. G. Cox,
Hamilton Road, Reading; the second prize
by Mr. C. J. Howrrrr, The Mews, Earley ;
and the third prize by Mr. E. J. Dore,
Liverpool Road, Reading. In the class for three
clumps of Pelyanthuses in distinct colours, five
exhibits were staged. Mr. C. Mouton.
Rookwood Gardens, Shinfield Road, won the
first prize; Mr. A. E. Kirsy, Amity Road,
Reading, the second prize; and Mr. A.
WATKINS, Woden Lodge, Goring, the third
prize. 18 the non-competitive section a
First Class Certificate was awarded to Mr.
H. WADE, Abbotsfield Gardens, Goring Heath,
for a collection of Apples. By the kindness
of Mr. Wade's employer (Mr. L. A. Crichton)
the Apples were sent to the Royal Berkshire
Hospital.

As the lecturer announced for the evening
was unable to attend, questions were put by
the members and a most interesting and
instructive time was spent; the discussion
related chiefly to garden pests.

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APRIL 18; 1925.

MARKETS.

COVENT GARDEN, Tuesday, April 14th, 1925.

Plants in Pots, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.
(ላቭ 48’s except where otherwise stated).

Adiantum 8. d. a. d. 8.1. s. d.
eune አ ético Cyrtomium ... 10 0-15 0
per aoz. ... 10 0- Erica melanthera,

——elegans ... ... 10 0-12 0 48's per doz. ... 21 0-30 0

Aralia Sieboldii.. 0 0-10 0 | — —60's, per doz. 8 0-10 0

Araucarias, per i 3
doz. . ... 30 042 0 Hnc in

Asparagu: lu- —

"hosus .. 12 0-18 0 | —yhite, pink and
Sprengeri — ... 12 0-18 0 apes . 30- 40

Aspidistra, green 30 0-60 0 —
spidistra, green Marguerites, white,

Asplenium, per Re ee A «
doz: . 12 0180 MB per doz. e 18 0-30 0
— 32's ... 94 0-30 0 Nephrolepis, in
—nidus ... 12 0-15 0 variety ... . 12 0-18 0
A zaleas, per doz. 15 0-360 | —32's ... 24 0-36 T
‘acti , Palms, Kentia ... 30 0-48
— CEA JI —&s .. ..15 0-18 0
—12’s, 15's .. 50-70 Pere 10 varetv. 10:0-15:0
Cinerarias, doz. 15 0-24 0 Pes A ዊን pos
Crotons, per doz. 30 0-45 0 large
i —small 40-50
Cyclamen— ,
—32’s .. ..960-80 | —725, per tray
—48's ... 24 0-30 0 of 15's ... 20-30

Cut Flowers, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.

oo ==መ>ሮሪመፓ።>ርጋ

THE

|

Adiantum deco- s.d.s.d. s.d. s.d,
rum, doz. bun. 18 0-24 0 Roses, per doz. blooms _
—cuneatum, per Liberty 30-50.

doz. bun. ... 12 0-15 0 —Madame Butter-
Asparacus, plu- fly pa . 3050
mosus, per bun. —Mme. Abel
long trails, 68 20-30 Chatenay 30-40
med. sprays ... 1 6-2 6 —Melothv 30-40
short ss .. 09-13 —Molly Sharman
—Sprengeri, per bun. Crawford, per
long sprays 16-20 doz. vu .9 6-46
med. ,, 10-16 —Niphetos 20-30
short R "T 0 + 1 0 px tS t : ^g 7
Azalea, white, per hapa dah cca 9
doz. bun... 9 0-10 0 | Ruscus, French, 13:975
Bouva white, E aM bun. dos 2
r dov. oun.... 12 0-15 0 ላከህ per ፊች Tee or
Camellias, White, TAMA ነ
per box . 40-46 Spanish Iris, per
Carnations, per doz. bun.—
doz. blooms 36-46 —Blue ... 24 0-80 በ
Croton leaves, —Mauve ... ... 24 0-40 በ
var., doz. leaves 0 0- 2 6 —White ... 36 0-42 0
Daffodils— Yellow ... .. 90 0-42 0
— Sweet Peas, per
—Emperor, per doz. bun. 6 0-10 0
doz. bun. . 00 60
—King Alfred, Tulips, per bunch—
per doz. bun.... 6 0 80 —Bartagon imos
—Sir Watkin, per —Clara Butt ... = 0- 3
doz hun: ' ... 80-50 | —Couronne d'Or 207-2
፪ሽ : —La Keine Tm > =
Fern, French, per — Prince of Austria 1 9- 2
doz. bun. 09-13 | _wm.Copland... 2 0- 3
Freesia, white, —Farncombe f
per doz. bun., 2 0- 30 Sanders ... 20-3
Galax, American, —White Swan 20-2
green and bronze, Violets, per doz.
per doz. bun... ፦ 30 bun. *5.7. .. 20-40
Lilac. Dutch, pe 3
ከ... es 0- 80 French Flowers—
4 speciosum Anemone, dble.
ይ long, pink, per doz... 3 6- 5 0
per doz. blooms 40-50 | —De ha MALAE —
ላ per doz. ... 5 i
በከር e dg Marguerite, yellow,
Lilium longiflorum z per pad... .. 60-70
long, perdoz.... 7 0- 80 | Murigolds, per pad 5 0- 6 0
Lily-of-the- Valley, Narcissus—
perdoz. bun. ... 24 0-36 0 —Grand Primo,
Nagel perdoz.bun.... 3 0- 40
ናስር Ranunculus, dble.
—ornatus, per scarlet, doz.
doz. bun. 30 40 bun. 2 Oe
Orchids, per doz. —Carmine, per
—Cattleyas ... 24 0-30 0 doz. bun. .. 60-70
—Cypripediums... 5 0 7 0 Star ን uni. —
per pad, 487... 10 ES
dora E 16-20 Stock, double
; white, per pad
Prunus triloba 16 24 bunches 8 0-10 0
(Dutch), per bun. 1 0- —double coloured 8 0-10 0
Richardias (Arums) Violets, Parma,
per doz. . $099 0 per bun. . 3036
Roses, per doz. —siugle, per pad 60-80
blooms, Rich- Wallflowers, per
..mond 2406-250 pad .. 50-80

REMARKS.—Although trade was very active during the
whole of last week, many subjects did not realise
high prices anticipated. Carnations. Richardias ( Arums).
and Lilium longiforum realised about the
prices, but Roses were sold at moderate prices:
latter flowers are now arriving in excellent
White Camellias, Freesias, white and mauve Lilac. Lily-
of-the-Valley. Spanish Irises, Sweet Peas, Tulips in
variety, and Violets all met with a ready demand and
there Was nio particular shortage of any of these subjects.
The improved weather resulted in there being ample
supplies of Datfodils, Narcissus ornatus; Wallflowers. and
and Primmroses, and these subjects were diflieult to clear
on Saturday, when prices were greatly reduced.

these

the -—

"usual Baster |]

condition, `

. 2 - per dozen bunches :

GARDENERS’

Fruit : Average Wholesale Prices.

Apples— 8.d.3.d. | s. d. s. d.
—Albermarle ... 45 0-50 0 Grape Fruit,
—Oregon New- f Cuban .. ..18 0-23 0
town DEM 14 0-16 0 —Jamaica . 18 0-20 0
—PBramley's Seed- 1 | —Florida, finest 20 0-27 6
lng, EE T 12 0-2ሀ 0 | —other .... ... 18 0-250
TA ው Lemons, Messina,
Newton
Wonder 12 0-18 በ per box... . 80120
eee ol —Murcia 10 6-14 0
—Jonathan ... 18 0-21 0 — Naples . "" 18 0-20 0
E Orange — Oranges. Jaffa ... 14 0-16 0
ppin ... .. M) 0-34 0 —Spanish—
—Kinu David ... 18 0-20 0 —300'a 2 18 0-35 0
Bananas, singles 16 0-25 0 —360's . 14 0-22 0
A 7 (97 —bD04'8 .... ...14 0-22 6
—doubles.. .. 17 0-27 8 | Messina Blood 12 0-20 0
—others . 17 0-18 0
: Pears, South
Grapes— African—
— English —Beurré Bosc ... 5 0 70
Hambro., per lb. 6 0- ጾ፡ 0 —Beurré Diel 40-50
: i — Nelis 1670
AD South —( ju m "m . 80.120
: Lig AE | — L. Bonne . 46-70
—White Hanepoot ጾ 0-10 0 Pines | . 30-50
— Colmar ... . 14 0-10 0 Ib. - a 10 0-20 0

Vegetables: Average Wholesale Prices.

8. d. 8. d. s. d. 8. d.

Beans, Guernsey, Mushrooms, cups 20-30

per lb. ... .. 10620 —broilers ... . 16-20
—Worthing 13- 20 Onions, Valencia,

—Madeira, er r case ... 15 6-17 0

box ። . p 40-80 — English, per cwt.12 6-14 0

Beets, per cwt... 50-60 Parsnips, percwt. 40-50

Cabbage, pertally 10 0-12 6 Peas, French, per

cane 60-80
Canary Island —Guernsey forced
Tomatos . 18 025 0 per Ib. 16-20
Cauliflowers, per Potatos, Canary
doz. 30-10 Island—
doz. 22 .. ቄ0-100 Potatos, per ton—

z , — 04 | —Dunbar .. 500 0-230 0
Chlooryr pet Mera — 04 ih 17100 Edward: 190 0510-0
Carrots, per bun. 6 0- 8 0 —White 90 0-160 0
—New .. - = — —New Guernsey lb. 0 7-0 R
Cucumbers, per — Jersey 0 ጸ-0 10

doz. 50-60 Scilly ... 0 8-0 10
—Flats, 36's, 42's 18 0-22 0 | Radishes—

abo $ : en —Guernsey round 1 6 2 0
Dutch Onions ... 11 6-12 6 —Guernsey long 10-16
Endive, per doz. 13-30 —French Break-

Batavia, perdoz. 30-30 fast. 20-30

French Asparagus— Rhubarb, Forced,

wer doz. . 2 & 30
—Cavaillon 40- 106 E. Natural" per
—Lauris ... . 3050 T doz. ... m i —
~ * Savoys, per tally 12 9
— beste per 0-60 | Seakale, per doz. MA
ie — punneta ... 18 0-24
Horseradish. per : Spinach. per bushel 4 0- 5 0
bundle ... . 20-26 Sweet Potatos .. — 20
Leeks, per doz. Tomatos, English.
bundles... 26-30 M d Pot ue . 2630
à > ክኮ ‹ urnips, new, per
Lettuce, per doz. 6- 3 0 doz bank 8 0-12 0
—Cos i o- 66 Turnip Tops, per
—Out > 10-30 bag . 40 60

REMARKS.—Business was very good for the Easter
trade, and the usual reaction afterwards has not been
quite so acute as usual: no doubt the spell of flne
weather has been in favour of the fruit trade. Supplies
of fruits from south Afriea have been considerable.
Some of the Pears were out of condition, but generally
the fruits have been disposed of at satisfactory prices,
Grapes have also sold well, although they are slightly
cheaper. Australasian Apples have been a fair market
with an easier tendency in prices. Some very fine fruits
of Bramley's Seedling and Newton Wonder Apples
continue to arrive and sell at a comparatively high
figure. A fair demand has been experienced for Oranges,
Lemons, ete.: Grape fruits are selling steadily. All
forced vegetables, such as Asparagus, Beans. Potatos,
and Peas are cheaper. Large quantities of Cucumbers
are being marketed. and they are still in good demand.
English Tomatos are arriving from the Lea Valley and
Worthing districts. also Guernsey. Salads are cheaper.
Mushrooms are more plentiful and are. quoted at lower

figures. Rhubarb, both forced and natural, is in fair
demand. Canary Island New Potatos are. improving in
demand. The old Potato trade is quiet with ample
supplies available,

GLASGOW.

Owing to the Easter holidays and the closing of the
English markets on Friday, southern growers diverted
large quantities of eut. flowers to Glasgow at the week-
end, and the fine weather having developed local outdoor
blooms more. rapidly than was expected, the augmented
supplies far exceeded the trade demand and prices in
consequence suffered a general relapse. Medium quality
flowers suffered most, but. first-class blooms also shared
in the decline. Golden Spur Daffodils, which had averaged

3.- to 1- per dozen earlier. in the week. dropped to 106
and 2-, while. Emperor. made 3- to 26 against 4 - to
265. On the week English. Datfodils would probably

average Bfe to 2 6 for all varieties, Pheasant live, 6- to
Star Narci-sil, 6 - to ጾ5 - per cane,
and Grand Primo, 20 (0 5 6 per dezen, ‘Tulips were also
cheaper: On Friday Wiliam Copland sold at 104. to 1-
for 6's: Farncombe Sanders, = to 1 :): Pride of Haarlem,
|. ; Gris-de-lin, Gd. to ።.([. : Prince of Austria. 9d. to ld. ;
Couronne d'or, 1(/1.: "Tea. Rose and Murillo, Sd. and Od. :
White ‘Tulips, specal 1- to 12, ordinary. 6d.: and
Tritnnphaator, | 6. Anemones sutfered in transit. and as
they arrived in a soft condition buyers only conceded 3d.

| 25th.

CHRONICLE.

! W's

(o to 32-,

| morning |
| normal for March. being an aggregate of 111-6 hours, a

LM
Of 27

| on four separate occasior s, but only slight.

ቆ

X1.

per bunch. White Lilac realised 7/- to 8/-, and coloured
4-10 5-; Richardias, English, 9/- to 12/-, Guernsey, 6/-

to 7 -; Lilium longifloruin (Harrisii), 10/-, and Carnations,

2.0 to 4/6. Lily-of-the-Valley was cheaper at .1/- to 1/6 ;
English Violets fetched 8d. to 1/-: Wallflowers, 2'- to 3-
per dozen bunches, and Asparagus, !,- to 1:3. Up till

Thursday Madame Butterfly Roses averaged 7/- to 0/-;
Mme. Abel Chatenay, ፣ - to 8 -: Mrs. Henry Stevens, 4,-;
Richmond, +- to 5.6: Sunburst, 6.- to 7/-; but the
closing quotations were 1 - to 2'- lower. Buying was
brisk at the reduced values.

In the fruit market prices moved irregularly, and
business was disappointingly slow. The first Scotch-

| grown Strawberries arrived on Thursday from Gartmore,

and were disposed of 81 12 - per Ib. Guernsey Tomatos
kept firm round 4 - per [)., while Jaffa Oranges, which
are nearing the end of the season and were in a dry
state, declined to from 10 - to 14/- all counts. Valencia
brands were also easier inclined, 360’s ranging from 15'-
to 13 -; 800, 17 - to 20 - : 400, 26 to 30'- ; 240, 16,- to
20 -: and 200, 15°- to 18 -. Murcia Bloods sold for 22i-.
Heavy consignments of Florida Grape Fruit. were offered,
making 18 -, 04: 186, and 70's and 80's 20፡..

Porto Rico fruit advanced to 20;- and 23;-, and special
m

qualities 2:.-. Apples were in smaller. demand, and
certain varieties were down. U.S. Baldwins made 35/-
to 48 - per barrel, Nova Scotia 260 to 30-, Ganos ?8/-

Albemarle Pippin 40 - to 52;-, Ben Davis 2፻
(0 32.-, Newtown 15.6 to 18 6 per case, and Winesap
15- to 17,5. Prices for Cape Fruits continued firm.
Pears found a ready sale at the following prices :—
Beurre Hardy, 62 to 6'6 per case: Beurre Diel, jas
Beurre Clairzeau, +9 to 5/6; Louise Bonne of Jersey,
9- to 6-; Beurre Bose, Josephine de Malines, 5/6 to
6-: and Winter Nelis, 6,- to 7/-. Peaches—Elberta,
6- to 76: Gladstone, 5- to 7/- ; Freestone, 8/6 to 10/-.
Grapes—White Hanepoot, 10,6 to 12,6; red, 12/- to 14;- ;
and Hermitage, 10'- to 12/6. Prices for Lemons were
steady, Palermo made 8.6 to 12;-, Murcia 140 to 18;-,
Naples 16/- to 18.-, all 300’s. Cranberries sold at 20;-
per box.

New vegetables are becoming more plentiful with the
advance of the season, but the return to the producer

was well maintained and, in some cases, increased.
Madeira Beans advanced 22 at from ‘;- to 8/6, and
Guernsey was 9d. up at 26 to 2,9. Ordinary quality

Rhubarb was 4 - per ewt. dearer at 38;-, while Polecourt-
grown Rhubarb advanced 0-- to 48. Cauliflowers
averaged 6;- per dozen ; Cucumbers, 8/- to 10/-; French
Asparagus, 4,2; Leeks, 2/- to 2/6; white Turnips, 4.-
per dozen: spring Cabbages, 8d.: Carrots, 1/4 to 1/6;
Seakale, 2.- to 2.6; Radishes, 2/6 to 3;-; Endive, 3/-;
Mint, 9.- to 12;- ; and Teneriffe Potatos,17/- to 18.0
per ease.

THE WEATHER IN MARCH.

THIS was the march with most northerly winds since
that of the year 1900, and had the highest mean air
pressure of any month of its name during the fifty-four
years’ history of the Observatory. In consequence jt
was very dry, less than half the normal precipitation
being — measured. But though — north-westerly and
northerly winds cach prevailed for more than double the
average number of hours, the month was not. cold, due
easterly winds being nearly absent, and due westerly
ones the most prevalent of any. Temperature was
exceptionally equable. Sunshine, humidity, and evapora-
tion were virtually normal. Ozone was very abundant.
The mean temperature exceeded the average by half-a-

degree. The mean day-to-night range of temperature
was actually 3° smaller than usual. Nearly 117 hours of
sunshine were recorded, or within two hours of the

normal duration. Rain fell on 13 days, or two fewer
than the average: and the total amount was only 1:08
inch. which implies a defleieney of 1-22 inches. A
little hail fell on. the 8th and 9th, and traces of snow
were reported on the 8th and 2151. Ground-frost was
registered on 14 nights, and frost in the shade on four
nights. The only gale occurred on the 8th. ሏ sea-fog
occupied most of the 15th. Over part of the borough a
thunderstorm was experienced on the afternoon of the
Joseph Baxcendell, Borough Meteorologist, The
Fernley Obserratory, Southport.

THE WEATHER IN SCOTLAND.

WITH the exception of the last two days, the month

of Mareh was remarkably dry. The total rainfall
was only 1.23 inch, and of this amount the 30th
contributed :30 of an inch and the 31st, -60. On the

wettest day, rain, sleet and snow fell. continuously from
till late evening. Sunshine was just about

The
hours sunshine.
sun was recorded.

daily average of 3-0 hours and a percentage of 31,
brightest day was the 7th with nine
There were only four days when no

The mean maximum temperature was 467^ and the
| mean minimum 3517, giving a mean temperature of
' 408. which is 1^ above normal. The 131ከ gave the

and the lowest maximum of
occurred on the sth and 21st. The lowest minimum
27 occurred on. the 22nd, and. the. highest. minimum
of 42" on the 6th and 30th. The grass minimum recorded
15 days of «round frost, the lowest point being reached
on the 22nd, viz.. 21. (or 1) of frost). The soil tem-

hisrhest maximum, viz., 56,

| perature at one foot deep rose 3° during the month and

at present. stands at 41. ላ fairly high barometric
pressure was maintained. throughout. the month. The
highest. reading of 1034.6 millibars was on the 4th, and
the lowest reading of 1002.6 millibars on the ?th (በ
gradual fall unattended by high wind or rain locally).
Winds were in the main south-westerly, and although at
times high never reached gale foree. Snow was recorded
Hail showers

took place on the 23rd and 25th, Lunar Coronas on 3rd

and ith. ላ very brilliant. rainbow was observed at
CBO pam. on the 2ath and again on the 30th. Visibility
was unusually good—only on the 18th. was mist noted.

|
|

John Davidson, — Meteorological Station, St. Andreu?
Provincial Committee, Training College Gardens Mayfield,
Dundee.

RAE

“W. TRESEDER- LTD.

-The ‘Nurseries

c ARDIFF

DAHLIAS

1 — H GRemical ui Absolutely.
-o NOW His the best time. ti, apply: +? e ut "M ራጭ

Dii - LAWN. SAND e d
gu ኣቂ ው per ewh
“KUE your tet jd e M sii with.

; 5 CAL እ

son አሽ

16/5 per wwt.

| WORMKILLER -

Bie pere ew ie
I Basic. Sui, SP pel ክበ: የኪ ETT E
{1416 per cent. Ts URS af — E sulpInde ot
ኣሲ, — — ot Foti 23255 Super...
osphate of Lime, 90 per AC ud e

48 per cut; carriage paid, 50 miles Leeda. Add Ud. per.
d eek ser cach 50 miles in urosss. Send for aar Pull ርፈ :
| Doy HECKMONDWIKE. ዕዘኗጃ(ርል! 50. LTO,-
d መው SECS MOMH RINE, —— SEM ችን Eq

ጹዝዚ i

Largest — Manx — hers
Flower Pots 1፡- the Warid.

THE BEST AND. d
CHEAPEST. !

SPECIAL Pots

ናፕ Rowen. A nes C
Cleinstis, Orchids, aud E.

Cheysanthestt 8:65: ከ

S Facey Fer: Pree. "mil
Bulb: Bowis'
! Freis 3d, pach.

EU ያካ Mig:
AD. Orders’ exsecuted Wi
‘She PRAXIS dey A

የፀዬፎ1986. ;

7 ማዎ qumetity a —— ae D i
required and hare Garriage Puid guedai ms, ሦ ity :
Tor Rivetruted Price Lf,

RICHARD SANKEY & 507. L Tn.
Hog a! ያዩ 9...
BULWELL, NOTTINGHAM. |

TURF LOAM.

VN Fibrous Yellow Turf Loam,

Fan MINE: (BORDERS, -CARNA CLONS,
ROSES: NS, eu ጀና ለ (1881111715 .
FRUIT we ; 266. aes

^t —

Byra Carriage Paid 1 do. 6:7 aba.

A. B. JOHNSTON,
New. Pork. Cranleigh, SURREY.

AM iden: despatched game: —
vate ፳ ፤ ard. GR A
0749 DEVINE ios. — 85 us

AY ይደርፍ - “pail.

፡

At =

Algo “Tennis: Boundary Neg don

MOORE. ጺ ae Net. Noria, RYE.

PE a i Seedsmaán- RUE demonstrate. da. ሕ

4 tic.
sali e 56 Tb.

cA ‘sizes supplied d As

a T ARDE NE RS

— ————

MI

Ü CH RO. N "eui.

* e T — —

APRIL )ጸ, 793:

MTA MATT MTT

MDT T " TIR m " VIRO ea
t You cannot ቃሥ . — z
— buy. Aa better | ^ 7
3 à n | Mower UN A -
፦ “than ae SERTEN Bath RAM

|

ከ0ጠሸ

| 4H HH EAEI [1 L

111

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machine.

os E Siner E EAEE
Mey nell Road, Leicester.

Sil i oun 9000 ti | ta iy nm

ነ «የህ dn pate 37 dux:
—— Thee. dfe. Wüen-

—— Mgheris p price, ur a S dra
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DRAIN
CLEARING

... .AND CHIMNEY | |
SWEEPING MACHINE |

Ma ን

4 FERRES

Canes: Atl: ndo

ነ 274. radi an üri elismer

(uiu. DU ft. 30 — 40 9.37 - 1

rr ርያም, ate) BO, Lu y ETE, um

TYZACK. & 508

Depi! "Y: {i .

4,348. 245, Ola — Ec2 : |

* — pases ey Seed
t pores. deas in Soüth Tiseolnishire, -
pn rposrs, fioc leiet. yu Pro MS: Waits

Hel: wwe atractiad during pst three seadus teo 5c

FOUR GOLD MEDALS
FIVE | SILVER CUPS.

RaT TARLI VARIETIES.
òt artem: ap Me one “86. TA "YE i cw, ጋዱ.

Sharps 'ሄ lines,

RABEY: TMARIETIES. — . .
— c18; CWhis 24. ውው
Katia Glover, Grea 6869:
ቀዝ Ma. 5/6 ; god 9/8; "ን. 47/8
-MAIN ROP. VARIETIES
Crveader, Tinwald Perf
Kerra lola Bianajp,

mintar, Red HU
of Ki Fiel mine, ጅ

Mong, ——
King Edward, Arran
..።/6:1- Ew 1 *

“47 f: tan ange PETES 5 uif EN TS Pies;

JOHN COCK: ዶሬ suco

Weston - MEM SPALDIN NG.

Chitunes: brunt amt: |

ection, Gaiden Wenden :፡

| Seed Potatoes |

Diss; ema ihe LT

British. 85 Any. R 35
"e unipgsad በ፲. ingredients ealenTated to encoü nit;

E Ages xem Har :
we He -yani iut. herehia trist; ey joliomicaj —2 58. an

5 Om, ወነፍ- 2 SE
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uM
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|.
| -.ጨ

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| Epicure, A eran Rose, 22 Th 6/8፤ 5 Was]

Express, El Dargi W Barly, |
5ህ598 "euer ad lis ይ/ይ፤- 551:, 9/8; —

AECOOH
—54 Catriona, 25i 34305

ANNED GARDEN NETS

- Tebabiished 4825. Felephone : ime Addinonmbe,

^. SOUTH LONDON
.HORTICULTURAL STORES,

H.SCOTT & SONS'

IMPROVED end SAND.

fur ዘኤክ፡ነበሄ ትሎ

| Bross and J ሄ

ህዛ Laws» “ሠ በር — |

S. “Tennis p TEE 499,

*"

ኢዳ ዊክ. eee,
2
*

scorrs LAWN MANURE |. ረር f A 0 every J
| - + Square Yards). 38 - per cut: 818. ton. B. .
SCOTT'S. VINE AND PLANT MANURE, M -
58; (per ewt. ; #20 per Sen dearriage paidi, 8

Picos |

poo — “መ 2 for all i Lawns. E=
Apply: dusing showers: weather 1 in Ami

3 priis conl c Ps Jg

de tme dream dont. ke tegrüred, '
d 1:6: 40 v dive, afr ርተ E the. tie:
s BE lbs; 28,5. Tig — — Sd
፣ ui t rers. qa. Tunt: ያፍ eie “አሄ #« ጾቤ —— id ?
“BARR & BONS,

Uf % and 11, "ne gm. — —— Wes

APRIL 18, 1925.

THE

GARDENERS

CHRONICLE. xiii.

SITUATIONS VACANT

Teventy words (or three lines including headline),

AS., and 18. for every succeeding eight words (or

line or portion thereof). Fee for having replies
addressed to this office, 18.

their Advertisements
repeated must give full particulars,
otherwise no notice can be taken of ther

7 dvertisers desiring

communications. Name and address alone
are insufficient.

Gardeners writing to Advertisers of Vacant
Situations are recommended to send them

copies of testimonials only, retaining the

originals. To part with original documents
means to run a great risk of ther being
mislaid.

When addressing Box numbers, it is essential
to give the initials or pseudonym, as well as
the correct number of the box.

MUNICIPAL AND PUBLIC.

COUNTY BOROUGH OF WOLVERHAMPTON.

SUPERINTENDENT OF PARKS AND OPEN
SPACES.

PPLICATIONS arc required for the
p above appointment. stating age, qualifications,
and full particulars, endorsed “PARKS SUPER-
INTENDENT.” and addressed (accompanied by testi-
monials) to the undersigned not later than the 25th April.
1925. Candidates must be fully qualified gardeners, and
must have had experience in the laying out and
maintenance of Parks, Recreation Grounds, Public
Gardens, Conservatories, Greenhouses, and the control of
men. The salary will be £155 per annum, plus fluctuating
bonus (which at present amounts to £06 10s. Od. per
annum), with residence, coal, and light. Canvassing,
either directly or indirectly, will disqualify.

WARBRECK HOWELL,
Town Clerk.

F. E.

Town Hall,
Wolverhampton.

7th April, 1925.

ANTED, JOURNEYMAN, thoroughly

experienced, for luside and Pleasure (rounds:
take duty: motor mower experience useful but ከበ!
exrential—Apply, stating age, references, experience
and wages, when at liberty,
HEAD GARDENER,
County Sanatorium,

Harefleld, Middlesex.

PRIVATE.

S. FINCHER, Caldecote, Nuneaton,
begs to thank the 1ጾ4 applicants for the post as
Position now filled.

EAD WORKING GARDENER-BAILIFF

wanted, about mid-June. eight men under; must
be thoroughly experienced and competent all branches.
Inside and Out, with knowledge of cows (4). horses (2),
and land; must have highest references from similar
situations; only — first-class men considered: good
cottage.—Apply, stating age. family, experience and
Wages asked, with copies of references to HASLAM.
Danehurst, Furner's Green, Uckfleld, Sussex.

H.

gardener.

ARDENER, experienced
] wanted immediately: personally recommended
from last situation. for 1j acres, small greenhouse ;
young man to hens cottage built end of August:
in interval can nd rooms and store furniture ;
state age. number of children, if wife would help
In house ; no applications from more than 50 or 60
miles away —FRANCIS, Wilkinthroop, "Templecombe,
Somerset.

WORKING,

ORKING GARDENER required,

May; aged about 40, married ; one resident
helper under: good cottage: high situation, Ashford
district, Kent.—Write, stating all particulars, refer-
ences and experience, Mrs. ጎና. L. S. Box 7259,
Sell’s Advertising Offices, Fleet Street, E.C. 4.

early

ANTED for South Wales, good SINGLE-

HANDED GARDENER; married. no family:

help given ; understands vines, forced Peaches, Tomatoes :

good arround man.—State age, wages, to CYMRY,
Box 25, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

W ANTED at once, young man as

SINGLE-HANDED GARDENER (no vegetables?
State age, experience and wages, SHERWOOD, 30, Park
Road, Hampton Hill, Middlesex.

ANTED, good SECOND GARDENER

for glass department: good cottage provided.—

Apply A. D. PILKINGTON, Dean Wood, Newbury,
Derks.
ANTED. SECOND GARDENER of

four, single, Pleasure Grounds and Kitehen

Garden.—Full particulars, wages, to DURHAM, Bryn
Llewelyn, Festiniog, Nerth Wales:
ANTED, UNDER-GARDENER, singlo,

about 24 years, experienced, work chiefly in
greenhouses, take "m duty, no bothy; gardener's
reference.—State age, eek EM etr and wages, ete.,
to R. C. COODE, apit Tamar, Launceston,
Cornwall.

ANTED, UNDER GARDENER. expe-

rienced greenhouses and general outside work,

send reference. state experience, age and wages required,

with cottage, ete.—R. BAIN, U ‘nderriver House Garde ns,
Near Sevenoaks.

UNDER, expsrienced, wanted

immediately to look after herbaceous borders,
annual beds grass lawns and Rose garden, one with
knowledge of bees preferred but not essential, 33 - per
week with bothy, coal and light.—Apply stating age and
experience and sending references to J. T. McLAREN,
jun., Saltoun Estates Office, East Lothian.

(ጄሌ RDENER,

መ. ረአ... ——À — — — — —

WANTED. UNDER-GARDENER. age
about 22, for Inside and Out, duty every third

week, no bothy apply with references, stating wages,

etc., HEAD GARDENER, Penniwells, Elstree, Herts.

U NDER-GARDENER wanted, Inside and
| Out, wife look after house during owners absence
and help when required; cottage provided. Apply letter
only.—A. L. L., Cobham Lodge, Cobham, Surrey.

ነ... INSIDE FOREMAN, must be

fruit and plantsman, good first
Jourie man taking first place would do, duty every
fourth week, no bothy but good lodgings paid for.—Full
mrticulars and references stating wages required to

M. RICHARDS, Brockhampton Park Gardens,
Andoversford, Gilos.
ANTED, FOREMAN, Inside, good ex-

perience fruits, plants; good decorator essential.
Experience and wages required, with bothy.—MITCHELL,
Sherborne Gardens, Northleach, Glos.

about 23 ;
11 Carnations,

\ TANTED, FOREMAN, Inside,
must. have had good. experience
fmit and planta ; bothy and attendance: gardener's
ref. essential.—Write, state wage and experience,
F. J. CHAMBERS, Woodhateh Lodge, Reigate, Surrey.

FOREMAN.:
motor-mower
third week.—

Hollington,

W: ANTED, Pleasure-ground
two men under; understand
wages 38ጾ -, bothy, ete.: duty every
HEAD GARDENER, The High Beech,
Sussex.

NNXPERIENCED MAN, for
4 for private gardens run on
bothy and attendance.—State wages,
R. SPENCE, Crewe Hall Gardens,

Inside and Out,
commercial — lines :
particulars. from
Crewe.

( any gardener recommend good, expe-
rienced married MAN to take charge of pleasure
grounds, inotor-mower; some knowledge of glass;
for duty one in three.—State age, experience, and
wages, to E. STEELE, Acrysc lace Gardens, near
Folkestone, Kent.

ANTED immediately, experienced MAN,
Outside, for Kitchen Garden and Pleasure
Grounds, motor mowers, wages 32/-, duty with fires 5/-
eve fourth week, bothy, ete. — Apply HEAD GAR-
DENER, Canford Gardens "Wimborne.

ANTED, capable Inside MAN, with
good experience, fruit and planta, 8 kept, 36'-,
bothy, vegetables, &c.—PRITCHARD, Fernhill Park,

Windsor Forest.

(1 LER experienced, Inside and Out,

married, age about 35; help given; good cottage ;

wages 45/-. Only those within easy distance of London

eee apply. State family, if any.—K ELBY, The Close,
nes.

ARDENER and single-handed COOK
wanted ; married couple, no children; live in;
total abstainers ; duties of gardener, must thoroughly
understand kitchen and flower garden, greenhouse, fowls,
etc.; state age and wages required.—A pply IRVINE
BAILEY, Wilnecote Hall, near Tamworth.

EN wanted, to serve as helpers on
Farm Training Colony; must be abstainers and

keen on helping men and boys. Opportunity to gain
training and experience.—Apply, stating age, ete., with
photo, to SUPT., Turners Court, near Wallingford, Berks.

OUNG MAN with some knowledge of
gardening required for sports club in London,
experience of motor lawn mowers essential, wages £2 10s.

per week. overtime paid extra,—Apply E. G. J.. Box 28,
9, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.
We a first-class JOURNEYMAN-
DECORATOR, age 24 upwards ; splendid
opportunity for an interested and smart man;
commencing wages 37/- weekly, overtime paid, bothy
and usual allowances ; cricketer an asset.— . LLOYD,
Tewin Water, Welwyn, Herts.
YAN Head Gardener recommend outside
JOURNEYMAN, with kitchen garden experi-

bothy, attendance, ctc.; 76

ence; wages 34 0, with
WHEELER, Wenvoe Castle

extra for duty.—To H.
Gardens, near Cardiff.

W ANTED, JOURNEYMAN, Outside;

wages 36/-, bothy, etc.—Apply, with copies of
refs, to DIXON, The Gardens, Thorpe Satchville Hall,
Melton Mowbray.

ANTED, JOURNEYMAN; Mr. Hol

den," Woburn Place, Addlestone, is in want of

& smart, active man, age about 24, for exhibition
Chrysanthemums, Sweet Peas, and Peach houses.

YAN any gardener recommend married
JOURNEYMAN with some experience, Inside and

Out, wages 34/-, house and garden, with electric light.—
Apply stating age, experience, with copies of testi-

monials, to BATH, The Gardens, Chapel Cleeve, Wash-
ford, Som
ANTED, at once, JOURNEYMAN,

age 23, for Inside, fruits and planta; duty every
alternate week. Wages 35/- , milk, bothy State, e RUSH
ence, with copies of reference to W. H.
Gardens, Sunnyside, Holmwood, Surrey.

\ ANTED, JOURNEYMAN, Inside; must
be a good worker, keenly interested, and

highly recommended from good gardens; age about.
24 years; 34/- weekly, 6/- duty, good bothy milk,
usual allowances. — H. HALL, The Gardens.

Hatfleld, Herta.

ANTED, TWO JOURNEYMEN, one

for Inside and Out, one for Kitehen Garden,

25 to 28, experienced, references.—ACKLAND, Mart-
holme, Wimbledon.

ANTED,
lanta, age about 22,
. — HAMILTON, Pylewell
Hants.

JOURNEYMAN for fruit. and
bothy, ete.. cricketer
preferre Park Gardens,

Lymington,

ANTED, experienced JOURNEYMAN

for fmit and plant houses, state age, parti-

culars and wages expected, with bothy —H. WILKS,
Hamptworth Lodge Gardens, near Salisbury.

xiv.
ANTED, SECOND JOURNEY MAN,
good worker, Inside and Out. age about 20,

some experience, wages 30'- per week, no bothy, full
articulars to HBAD GARDENER, Sandleford Priors,
Newbury, Berks.

YOUTH
Inside ;
Syndale

ANTED immediately, strong
to look after garden pony, and work
state wages with bothy. — V. BRANT,

Gardens, Faversham.
Wenen LAD, 16 to 18, Surrey: Insid :
and Out; state age, experience, wages with
Tavistock Street, Covent.

bothy.—A. Z.. Box 26, 3,
Garden, W.C. 2.

ANTED, GARDENING BOY, to live
in, one leaving school would do, state age and
wages.—Apply HEAD GARDENER, Oatlands, Harrogate

TRADE.

ANTED immediately, MANAGING
FOREMAN for nursery, ten glasshouses and
jobbing department: thorough experience ‘Tomatoes,
Cucumbers, bedding, bulbs, etc.; good wages and
share of profits to really good man.—B. W. R.,

Box 20, 5. Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2
DES wanted in hardy plant
nursery, South of England.—Write full particulars

of previous experience, age and wages required B. K.,
Box 24, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2

ROPAGATOR, for herbaceous and alpine
department, wanted at once; unmarried.—Apply
THYNE & SON, Downfield Nurseries, Dundee.

URSERY FOREMAN required, with

thorough knowledge of the growing and pro-
pagation of hardy plants and shrubs, capable of
directing labour and the general organisation of
nursery stock ; good salary to thoroughly experienced
and capable man.—Write, stating all particulars and
wages required, to REGINALD WINDER, Lingwood
Lodge, near Norwich.

ANTED, WORKING ROSE AND

FRUIT FOREMAN, used to growing quantities,

or smart, energetic YOUNG MAN, good budder and

grafter, capable of taking charge under supervision.—

Apply, glving age, wages expected. and testimonials,

stating where experience was gained.—S. McGREDY &
SON, Royal Nurseries, Portadown.

V ANTED, KNIFESMAN, must be well

up in budding, grafting, training, and other
work.—Apply stating whether married or single, with
original testimonials and wages expected to JOHN
BASHAM & SONS, Fairoak Nurseries, Bassaleg, Mon.

MARIUS a good, useful KNIFE HAND

with some experience In fruits and Roses; state
wages and experience. — HOLLAMBY’S NURSERIES,
Groombridge.

ANTED, an experienced PRUNER,
either «exX.—MANAGER, Rudgwick Fruit Farm.
Rudgwick, Sussex.

ANTED for alpine department, THREE

YOUNG MEN used to potting and general

department work ; also men for planting and digging.—
PERRY'S HARDY PLANT FARM, Enfield.

YV ጩ NURSERY HANDS, Inside,
single men.—Apply WILLS & SEGAR, The
Nursery, Bedfont Lane, Feltham.

ANTED. NURSERY HAND, Inside,

experienced in growing pot stuff; Also
IMPROVER, quick at potting, watering. tying, ete
—Age, wage, and full particulars to R. W. PROCTOR ሊፍ
SONS, Che sterfleld. Established 18525.

ANTED, several YOUNG MEN for
general and decorating work.—Apply WILLS &

THE GARDENERS’

— — — —

\ TANTED, two good general NURSERY
HANDS, some experience necessary, good oppor-
tunity for further improvements, single, state wages.—

HOLLAMBY'’S NURSEREES, Groombridge.
YOUTH as improver

wee ED, strong
for Toms., Cues., Chrys, and general florist

work: live in.—E. WHITEHURST, Beeches Nursery,
Crowboroudsh.

፡.. ከ Must be good

take charge of floral dept.: knowledge of seeds
and bulbs preferred: state previous. experience and
wages required.—BOUND & SON, Horticultural Stores,

maker-up, to

Redhill, Surrey.
| seo wanted, experienced, to take
Charge — city premises.— Particulars and salary

expected to R. L. D, Box 27, 5,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

SITUATIONS WANTED

Twenty words 28., and Gd. for every succeeding

Tavistock Street,

eight words or portion thereof. (Advertisements at
this special rate are only accepted direct from
gardeners and nursery employees.) Fee for having

replies addressed to thts office, 18.

PRIVATE.

“VAPTAIN A. TICKLER, Upton Court, near

. Slough, Bucks, strongly recommends his HEAD
GARDENER, A. ROBERTSON, The Lodge, Upton
Court.

(J ARDENER, HEAD, two or more, thor-
oughly competent all branches. including. alpines:
conscientious; house.—H EDGECOCK, 16, High Street,
Fareham, Hants.
NXARDENER, HEAD, first-class experience

all-round gardening, excellent. references, successful

with Carnations, fruits, vegetables; disengaged, would
weleome — interview if necessary.—BOLTON, Ystrad,
Carmarthen Town.

(a n seeks situation, HEAD of two
or more, well up in all branches of gardening,
ineludinz laying out grounds; married: age 40; good
refs. gained on large places. present employer. will well
recommend; can ron eleetrie light plant —P EARCE.
Orchards, Kingwood, Heulev-on- Thames.

Qik ROBERT KINDERSLEY, BART.,
ኦያ highly recommends his HEAD GARDENER, ዘር
experience in all its branches in good establishments,
including Dropmore Park, Buckinghamshire ; also
several years Head with Col. Hanbury, C.M.G., ጊት exham
Springs, Buckinghamshire ; good references ; married, one
girl, ten ycars.—Apply €. FROST, Plaw Hatch Hall,
Sharpthorne, Sussex.

እ[ DICKSON & ROBINSON, The
King’s Seedsmen, Manchester, can with con-
fidence recommend a HEAD GARDENER with a

frst-elass practical knowledge or the
all its branches, and the
establishment ;

profession in
general upkeep of a good
excellent. testimonials : married : age 38.

NARDENER, HEAD of two or more, age
36, married, no children, keen and energetic,
thorough knowledge all departments, good references
6 years present. —Me DOWELL, Woolton Hill, Newbury.

*ARDENER, HEAD, or SINGLE-HANDED.

ጃ A gentleman can thoroughly. recommend a good.
all-round, experienced, reliable Gardener, Inside and Out;
married: age 353%; cottage required. — GARDENER.
Spreakley, Frensham, Surrey.

FOREMAN, seeks

thoroughly experienced

"* ARDENEHR, HEAD. or

situation middle of May,

Inside and Out, age 27: highly recommended,
married. when suited: southern counties — preferred.—
Please write, 5. WHINNETT, 41, Belsize Avenue,

SEGAR, LTD., Royal Exotic Nursery, South Kensington. | West Ealing, London, W.13.

CHRONICLE.

— — — —— — — — ው — — . —— —— —— — — ው

tables,

APRIL 18, 1925

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, thorough: +
recommended as to ability and integrity; 9 y:i-
reference, Head of four, personal if desired, 24 ነ- 7
all-round experience. — FULLER, 3, Salisbury Ress.
Watford.

— — — ሙም — —— — — —— — — — —

FULLY -qualified HEAD WORKIN.
4 GARDENER is open to rc-engagement ; ke-
and energetice: good references ; age 38, mark- |
| child.—B. ` Box 21, 5, Tavistock Street. Cove
Garden, W.C. 2

Yi ERIC HAMBRO, K.B.E., wishes te
A. highly recommend J. CROSS as HEAD WORKING,
GARDENER, was ten years with the late Sir Everari
A. Hambro, has thorough Knowledge of all forms w
gardening, leaving solely on account. of death. ፲፻ከቤ8፲፻:፦›!1.
no family.—Reply J. CROSS, The Gardens, Haves Phe -.
Hayes, Kent.

YARDENER, HEAD WORKING, = se-k<
re-engagement, keen, energetic, trained in first-
class establishments, thorough knowledge all depart-
ments, age 35, married, highest references.—EYRE

Ranby Hall Gardens, Retford, Notts.

ADY highly recommends HEAD WORK.
ING GARDENER, honest, conscientious nar.
thoroughly experienced in all branches, Inside and t",
age 38, married, leaving ነ. death.—_GRIFFIN.
Beltwood. Sydenham Hill S-E.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, seeks
re-engagement; life experience in all depar-

ments; marketing of surplus produce and the general
management of a good establishment; 7 years Head
age 40, married.—R. D Rox 22, 5, Tavistock Stree
Covent Garden, W.C. 2

G ENTLEMAN wishes to highly recommend

his GARDENER, HEAD WORKING, life exper-
ence Inside and Out: good grower of fruit, flowers. an!
vegetables, early and late forcing; 44 years presen:
situation.—Apply W. WILLIAMS, Gardener's Cottaz-
Theydon Place, Epping, Essex.

IR JOHN HARRINGTON, KCMG.
highly recommends his HEAD WORKING
GARDENER, trustworthy, capable, good manager.
all branches of good gardening, Inside and Out,
irreproachable credentials, including Sir Edwin Lutyens.
R.A.: Carnations, herbaceous borders, fruit, landscape-

—C. RUSE, The Hyde Gardens, near Luton. Estat:

being sold. x

G ENTLEMAN confidently recommends
advertiser as HEAD WORKING where keen.

interested man required; life experience all branch >
Inside and Out: control staff; excellent references;
34 years present; age 33, married, no family.— E.
BRYANT, Purley, Reading.

YARDENER HEAD-WORKING, requires
situation where four or more kept: age 49
married, no family, good manager, life experience,
highest references: also poultry and bees.—W. R. T.
Box 30, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2.

"* ARDENER. HEAD WORKING, life ex-

perience, highly recommended, where two or more

are kept, age 34, married, two children, disengaged.—

J. KE TH. Upton Road, Sulhamstead., 'Near Reading.
Berks.

YARDENER, HEAD WORKING, in good
J establishment. Mr. Lloyd, — Tewin — Water,
Welwyn, Herts, confidently recommends his Foreman.
W. SMITH, age 32, as a thoroughly practical and
trustworthy man, efficient controller of labour. Excellent
references from noteworthy gardens, present situation
three years, married when suited, go any district.

"*ENTLEMAN wishes to highly recom-
፪ሽ mend his HEAD WORKING GARDENER, life
experience in all. branches, Inside and Out, 6 years
present situation, married, one boy age 14.—COORk.
Skeflington Hall, Leicester.

E A. WIGGINS. ESQ.. highly recom-
Ade mends W. LANE as WORKING HEAD. or good
SINGLE-HANDED GARDENER, with help, expe-
rienced in all branches, married, no family.—21, Wyck
Rissington, Stow.on-the-Wold, Glos.

*ARDENER. SINGLE-HANDED, English
and New Zealand experience, fruit. flowers, veg

greenhouse, | abstainer, single. — GARDENER.
94, Corbyn Street, Finsbury Park, N

18. 1925.

THE GARDENERS

APRIL
(3 YARDENEH, SINGLE-HANDED, life ex-
perience in nurseries and private gardens, could
Due grower's place in small nursery, married, excellent
references, disengaged.—J. L.,33, Chester. Road, "Wanstead.

(ር... young marrid man, seeks
Y situation, SINGLE-HANDED or otherwise, 10
Vears’ good experience; excellent refs—A. ር. CHARD,

322, Bath Road,

(1

Bitterne, Southampton.

ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED, all-round

experience ; married, no family : good references.—
WOOD, The Lodge, Burntwood Grange, Upper
Tooting, S.W.
M R. H. WHEELER. Wenvoe — Castle
i Gardens, Cardiff. wishes to recommend W.
BAREHAM as SINGLE-HANDED GARDENER or
otherwise, life experience, age 28, married when suited.—
Apply W. BAREHAM. Wenvoe Castle Gardens, Cardiff.
( NARDENER, SINGLE - HANDED, good

references, wile willing to help in house if

required; no children. — H.

BROOKS,
Cottages, East Horsley.

Crocknorth

ARDENER seeks post, SINGLE-HANDED,
or where others are kept, age 26: single:
experienced.—F. COX, Broadleas Lodge, Reigate, Surrey.

or Inside
married, excellent
Vale Road, Claygate,

GECOND. seeks situation, Inside,
and Out, 10 years’ experience,
refere nces,.—H AR RIS, Oak Cottage,
Surrey.

NARDENER, SECOND, 38, married, expe-

rience Inside and Ont, or SINGLE-HANDED,

with help, well. reeommended.—GARDENER, 63, High
Street, Epsom. Surrey.

SECOND,
seeks situation,
excellent references: married when suited ;
Please state wages.—SMITH, Burnham Grove
Bucks.

—— —

YARDENER
ጃ FOREMAN,
experience :
age 28.
Gardens, Burnham.

or outside
good, all-round

|... ብ. Inside, seeks situation,

oughly experienced in fruits and plants.

and Chrysanthemums a speciality,
R

thor-

Carnations
excellent references,

single, age 26.—W Box 23, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent. Garden, W.C. 2.
1... ነ. Inside, age 26, well recom-
mended, 10 vears' good experience in fruit,
plants, and general work Inside; 3 years present.
stuation.—E. FREEMAN, Westbury Manor Gardens,
Brackley, Northants.
I ADY thoroughly — recommends GAR-
4 DENER., very capable, honest and trustworthy,

thoroughly experienced in all branches Inside and Out.—
UNDERWOOD, Shrivenham, Swindon.

A R. HORTON, Shrubland Park (Gardens,
à Ipswich, recommends F. NEWSON, as Out-
door JOURNEYMAN where he can gain more
Indoor experience ; seven years here; age 20.

FOURNEYMAN, with 6 > years’
e Outside and duty, secks situation, Inside, under
good foreman; keen, good refs., age 20; bothy; South
preferred.—E. LOCKYER, The Gardens, Ashton Hayes,
Chester.

experience

SHALL be pleased to recommend ከ፲.

ECCLESTON as JOURNEYMAN for Inside, age

20, the last 12 months in. the. fruit houses here; Herts.

or Beds. preferred. —H EAD. GARDENER, Greentands,
Henley-on-Thames.

OURNEYMAN seeks situation, Inside and

e Qut, age 24, well recommended ;

bothy preferred.—
F. URRY,

Broadhanger Gardens, Petersfield.

OURNEYMAN,
ቅ Inside and Out,
preferred.—A. NICHOLS,
Spa, Warwickshire.

age 23, seeks situation,
good references; — Midlands
16, Vincent. Street, Leamington

MPROVER, Inside and Out, age 19, strong
and willing, 24 years’ experience ; good reference

—F. HART. Old Court, Whitney-on-Wye, Hereford.

TRADE.

M ear’ pre Seed Dept., single; (ከ!
years’ practical experience, nursery, seeds, bulbs,

: college diploma (Horti.), correspondence, accounts ;
ecules similar position of trust in office, nursery or
shop ; energetic and reliable: good refs. ; please state salary.
Write SEEDS, Box 12, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

TARDENER - PROPAGATOR
vast experience > all-round fruits,

ete., Indoor and Outdoor cultivation :
smart. hardworking, «abstainer ;
one daughter: Midlands west

(grower) :
flowers, plants,
age oO, strong,
highest testimonials :
or south preferred ;

no circulars. —GARDENER, 4. Reeth Road. Richmond,

Yorkshire.

pes CARNATION GROWER re-
quires situation, age 48, lite experience ; excellent

references from leading firms; state wages.—Address

(. 5, co Mrs. DUFFELL, 3, Westem Cottages,

Betehworth, Surrey.

41. ete.— Advertiser, long experi-
ence in above, seeks situation: total abstainer.—

ዘ. WINGHAM, 3, Frith Road, Leyton, Essex.

AN, 32,

well up in furnishing and good

እ

plantsman, general nursery experience, — also
shop work, well recommended. — 11. J. B, £,
Bulstrode Avenue, Hounslow.

STOVE & GREENHOUSE PLANTS

Aralias, Crotons, Caladiums, Dracesnas, etc., all
kinds of Foliage, Flowering & Climbing Plants
The largest and most complete collection in the trade.

L. R. RUSSELL, LTD,
Richmond Nurseries, Richmond, Surrey.

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE

Horticultural Directory

The Horticultural Directory is not being
reprinted this year, but a limited number

of copies of the issue for 1924 are avail-
able at the reduced price of

29. post free.

Applications should be addressed to :

GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, LTD.,
8, Tavistock St., Covent Garden, W.C. 3.

CLIMBING PLANTS

By WILLIAM WATSON, late
Curator of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

TA? delightful book, quite unique

in its subject and treatment, is one
of the best in the ever-popular “ Present-
Day Gardening ” series. Its eight lovely
coloured plates alone make it a book to
treasure, and the information it contains
cannot be obtained anywhere else, for
Mr. Watson’s knowledge of the subject was
unrivalled.

Price 5/6 post free.

GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, LTD.,
5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2

ENE E E E EE E E E IT E

CHRONICLE.

XV.

SELECT LIST

BOOKS ON GARDENING.

PRICES QUOTED ARE IN ALL CASES POST
FREE TO ANY PART OF GREAT BRITAIN.

Daffodils. By the Rev. Joseph Jacob. With
Preface by the Rev. W. Wilks, M.A.
and eight coloured plates. 3s.

Dahlias. By the late George Gordon, V.M.H.
Contains eight coloured plates. 3s.

Encyclopaedia of Gardening. By T. W. Sanders,
F.L.S. A dictionary of cultivated plants,
etc., giving in alphabetical sequence the

culture and propagation of plants, ete.
68. 6d.
English Rock Garden, The. By the late

Reginald Farrer. <A classical work, freely
illustrated. In two volumes. £3 48. 3d.

Fern Culture, The Book of. By Alfred Hemsley.
An excellent handbook of Fern cultivation,
well illustrated. 4s.

Ferns and Fern Culture. By J. Birkenhead.
Revised by F. Parsons. Contains every-
thing ome needs to know of these
delightful plants. Is. 4d.

Ferns, The Book of British. By C. T. Druery.
A handy book for beginners as well as
connoisseurs. Excellent illustrations. 38.

Flower Garden, The. By T. W. Sanders. The
formation and management of a garden and
the culture of outdoor flowers and planta.
Plentifully illustrated. 118. 3d.

Flower Show, The Book of the. By Charles H.
Curtis (Managing Editor of the Gardeners’
Chronicle). 48.

Fruit and its Cultivation. By T. W. Sanders.
The cultivation of all kinds of hardy fruits.
Also descriptions of peste, with remedies. 88.

Fruit Culture for Amateurs. By S. T. Wright.
An illustrated practical handbook on fruit
growing in the open air. 18. 9d.

Fruit Culture, Practical Hardy. By Richard
Staward. Well illustrated. 6s. 6d.

Fruit Growing for Amateurs. By H. H. Thomas.
Numerous illustrations. A splendid guide
for amateurs. 1s. 9d.

Fruit Growing, Modern. By W. P. Seabrook.
Illustrated in colour. 58.

Fruit Growing, Profitable. By John Wright.
V.M.H. The prize Essay of the Fruiterers’
Company. 2s. 3d.

Fruits, a Handbook of Hardy (Apples and

Pears). By E. A. Bunyard, F.L.S.
Designed to fil the place of *'Hogg's
Fruit Manual" and invaluable to the
systematic fruit cultivator. 8s.

Garden Animals, Friends and Foes. By W.

D. Drury. A popular description of how
to preserve the friends and fight the
foes. 2s. 3d.

Garden Designs, The Book of. By Charles Thon-

ger. A practical manual for the planning
or alteration of gardens. 4s.

Garden Planning and Planting. By H. H.

Thomas. Illustrated by numerous dia-
grams. ls. 9d.

Garden Pests, The Book of. By R. Hooper
Pearson, late Managing Editor of the
Gardeners’ Chronicle. — 48.

Garden Receipts. Edited by Chas. W. Quin.
A collection in handy form, designed to help

the gardener in combating insect pests.
28. 3d.

Gardener, The Complete Amateur.
Thomas, assisted by experts in special
subjects. With coloured frontispiece, 128
full-page illustrations from photographs
and numerous drawings in the text.
Sixth edition. 16s. 9d.

By H. H.

To be obtained from—
GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, LTD.,
5, Tavistook Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

oli

W E eget —

aooo THE GA — CHRONICLES r= Mai d& Mes

MESSENGE Ri ፡ Co. LTD.,

| Horticultural Builders. and. Heating. Engineers. DUNT US DUE.
LONDON OFFICE: 122, VICTORIA. STREET. WESTMINSTER, ; 8 W. m

Experience: eendit over ‘more’ ‘than. je | For "Heating. Ranges of Glasshouses o our.
Half a. Century. enables us to. include . 2፡5: QUORN SECTIONAL BOILER :
all that is best in the design. and SRM ; i: economical in first cost, in. “Bring; s and.

ment of Glasshouses | UR ee |8. fuel consumption.

{Hot Water. Pipes, Valves, and adi | Heating Acces
Estimates. fn GE. ን by. appointment | sories direct from oür own Foundry.

in any part. of the country, - QUA ANA b: Contracts. ondertaken | for. complete Tastalfations.

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ll.

WEDNESDAY NEXT, APRIL 29th.
SPECIAL TRADE SALE,

containing Gladioli and Japanese Lillies in
quantities of Begonias, Herbaceous and Rock plants,
Carnations,

cases,

direct from Japan.

1,000 CYCAS STEMS

to hand, in good condition,
13 Ibs.

ete., also

just in sizes from

to 3 ]ከ8. per stem.

together with consignments of

BAY TREES, PALMS, CAMELLIAS,

ASPIDISTRAS, BOX TREES, etc,
from the Continent.
ESSRS. PROTHEROE & MORRIS,

will sell the above at their SALE ROOMS,
67 & 68 CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, KE.C. 2.

Catalogues post free on application.

BUSINESSES FOR SALE.

ላ... & CO., Nurserymen's Agents,
P 06, Newgate Street. London, E.C.1. offer Market
Garden to let in Strawberry district, Hampshire, 3 acres
land, with dwelling house. Rent £31. Ingoing £287 for
crops, horse, van, implements, &c.

UBREY .& CO. offer Small Freehold

Nursery in Bournemouth district. 3 acre, with

200 ft. run of glass, all heated and well stocked. Will
accept £400 for quick sale.

UBREY & CO. offer Freehold Nursery
with Retail Fruit, Confectionery, Florists’ and
General Business In important town Devon. 1 acre land
walled in, with 4 glasshouses, brick pita, &c., also 130
fruit trees in full bearing. Shop and house in main
street rented at £30 yearly. Increasing business. Price
complete £1,100.

PROPERTY FOR SALE.

IDDX. & HERTS BORDERS. For
. Sale, valuable Freehold productive Gardens (about
acre) together with Show House, Greenhouses, Frames,
ulldings, ete., all in good order, and situated in a
wealthy, residential district. Almost unlimited scope for
live man. especially in landscape work. All services
connected. rice £2,250.—Apply STIMPSON LOCK &
VINCE, Auctioneers, Northwood, Middx.

BUSINESS CARD.

AMES BAOKHOUSE, F.LS, F.R.HS.,
for many years Chairman of the late firm of James
Backhouse and Son, Limited, having retired from York,
offers his services as GARDEN CONSULTANT ; 30 years
experience, specially in connection with Alpine and
Herbaceous Plants: advice given for Rock Garden
construction and planting, also for permanent flower
borders, boundary plantations, etc.—Address for terms to

Caer Fegla, Arthog, North Wales.

NOTICES.

R. S. PEGLER, F.R.P:S., Grove Street,

Retford, Notts., would pay for ——— to
Phot in Colours attractive subjecta, within 50
miles radius.

PLANTS, &c., WANTED.

Y YANTED, nt onre, five Lombardy
Poplars, 25 feet. — Particulars to WHITE,
32, Cromwell Avenue, Highgate, ና. 6.

THE GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE.

APRIL 25, 1925

PLANTS, &c. FOR SALE.

Small Classified Advertisements. Twenty words
(or three lines including headline) 48., and 1 6.
for every succeeding eight worde (or line or part
of a line). Fee for having replies addressed to
this office, 18. Displayed advertisements, 8s.
per inch, or 108. facing editorial matter.

NERNS!

Crotons,
Geraniums, Ericas,
Them, by J. È.
London Fern Nurseries,

100,00

large A spidistras
SMITH, Fernery,

CALADIUMS !!-—Begonias, Palms,

Dracaenas, Gloxinias, Hydrangeas,
Lilies. Ferna and How to Grow
SMITH, 36 post free.—SMITH,
London, S.W 9.

LARGE GARDEN FERNS,
30 - 100, variety: wanted 1,000
for dividing. Catalogues íree.—
London, S.W.9.

SERNS..- Fifty Fern. roots. different
varieties, 7 6: also Primroses. 5 - per 30, post paid.
—MISS PRICE, The Hill, Rosscarbery, Cork. 1

IMALAYAN, Chinese, and other Rhodo-

dendrons on their own roots. Shrubs, Alpines,
and border plants, Aquatics, Lilies, etc. Write for
Lists.—G. REUTHE. Keston, Kent.

RAUCARIAS.—A few very fine plante to

offer. 5} ft. high, not too spreading, in tubs, at

35/- each.—Apply ROBERT GREEN (1911), LTD., 28,
Crawford Street, Baker Street, London, W. 1.

PARE PRIMULA AND ALPINE SEEDS
from large (1500) collection, sold cheap ; list free.—
REV. F. J. ANDERSON, Glen Hall, Leicester.

Y ERANIUMS.—Crampel and Denmark, 25/-
100; Salvia Zurich, 14/- 100; Heliotrope, 14/- 100.
Fuchsias.—Rolla, Scarcity, Pink Ballet Girl, Jack French,
etc., 8 best varieties, 16'- 100. Violas—White, Yellow,
Mauve, Blue, true to name, strong from cuttings,
14/- 100. Lobelia (Clibrans) from cuttings, will divide,
5/- 100. Carriage paid for cash.—MILLICAN, Kinson,
Bournemouth.

AUL CRAMPEL GERANIUMS, Autumn.
rooted, 27/- 100. ex. 3 in pots, 40/- 100, carr. paid

for cash.—WILLIAM DAY, Nurseryman, Crowborough.
1 08 GLADIOLI for 88. 9d., post paid.
The most dazzingly brilliant fiowers on earth,
with spikes of bloom 18 ins. long; 19 each of 9 kinds
(108 bulbs), all separately packed and named for 8s. 00.,
post paid ; half lot, 4s. 9d., post paid (cultural in-
structions and beautifully Illustrated Flower and

Vegetable Catalogues included). — R. KAY & CO,
Goodmayes Road, Goodmayes, x.

EGONIAS AND GLOXINIAS. — Kay's
prize strain with blooms often measuring 8 ins.
across : a collection of 12 Single and 12 Double Begonias,
also 6 Gloxinlas—all separately packed and named, with
cultural instructions and illustrated catalogues for 68. 3d.,
post paid; half lot, 3s. 6d., post paid.—R. KAY & CO.,
Goodmayes Road, Goodmayes, Essex.

(3 NDS fine tubers, slightly started,

0 different named varieties, 1 each (carefully
acked in fibre) for 26; 2 each for 40: 3 each
or 6'6; 4 each for 8/6. All post paid. Quotations
for 12 each or more if wanted. — R. KAY &
CO., 3, Goodmayes Road, Goodmayes, Essex.

INTER - FLOWERING . BEGONIAS.—

We are now booking orders for our noted rooted
cuttings of the above to be despatched in strict
rotation from May onwards at the following rates:—
Gloire de Lorraine, Rothschild and Turnford Hall,
3'- doz., 11/- 50, 21 - per 100; The King, 4°- doz., 15-
30, 28'- 100. Carr. Paid for c.w.o. Book early and don't
be disappointed as many were last senason.—MANAGER,
Dorset Nurserles, Blandford.

1 O0O0TS8 and BULBS.—12 Delphiniums, large

blue, Splendid, worth 1/- each, 65' free:
Glorious Gladioli, 12 sorts named, 10 each colour,
120 for 10;-. List free—JESSE HANDSCOMBE,

Grower of Seeds and Plants, Feltham, Middlesex.

ጓ ae MAGGIE MOTT, fine rooted cut-
tings, 12 - 100, carr. paid. —GEO, HUTT & SONS.
Swanley, Kent,

YAULIFLOWER PLANTS.—Best (Autumn.

^ sown) Plants. Early London and Walcheren, 12 «
per 1,000: prompt delivery carriage paid: cash with
order. Special quotation for large quantities and price list of
all varieties of Cabbage Plants (Autumn-sown) of the best
stocks and at the lowest prices on application.—JOHN
GILLIES, PRESTONPANS, LTD. Prestonpans. East
Lothian. Largest Cabbage Plant Growers in Britain.
Established over 50 years. Telegrams, ‘‘ Plants, Preston-
pans." Telephone, 24 Prestonpans.

MISCELLANEOUS.

RON AND WIRE FENCING for Gardens.
Ornamental Iron and Wire work of every
description. Catalogues G.C. 156: Iron Fencing and
Tree Guards, Catalogue G.C. 65: Wood and Iron
Gates, Catalogue, G.C. 163: Kennel Railing, Catalogue
G.C. 86; Poultry Fencing, Catalogue G.C. 70. Ask for
separate lists BOULTON & PAUL, LTD., Norwich.

made up as complete enclosures with standards.

ሽ , and straining pons from 6 to 12 feet high.
Write to Dept. FP,

1... COURT FENCING, a speciality.
wire ste,

C for particulars.—BOULTON ልፊ
PAUL, LTD. Norwich.

IRDS' BATHS, Sundials, Vases, Statuary,
Birds’ Nesting Boxes, oetc.,—Catal (No 33

ogue
free.—MOORTON, 60, Buckingham Palace Road, 8.W. 1.

TONE PAVING.—Crazy and rec ar

York Garden Paving, Copings, Steps, ete., Grit
and other Rocks for Bock Gardens ; t Stone
Rubble for “ Dry” Walls. Nottingham Marl. Large
or small quantities — gen to an Railway
Station in England—HODSON & 80እ8, LTD.
Castlegate, Nottingham.

ORK STONE PAVING for Garden
Paths and Lily Ponds; rectangular or broken for
rustic work; steps and wall coping; rockery.—G EO.
VINT & BROS., Stone Merchants, Idle, Bradford.

ELECTED . GREY WESTMORELAND
Weathered and Waterworn Mountain Limestone
Rockery. The finest Rockery Stone; also York Stone
Garden Paving.—HERBER BROOK, High Road,
Whetstone, N. 20; and Lightcliffe, Yorkshire.

(1RAZY PAVING, Rockery and Walling
/ from our own Somerset quarries; cheapest and best
on market; Sundials, Bird Baths and all garden requisites.

—BRITISH STONE CO., LTD., 24, Christmas Street,
Bristol.
OCKERY (Westmoreland). — Waterworn

Limestone for sale in 6-ton lots and upwards.
any quantity. — For rices, etc., write JOHN
WARDLEY & SONS, Slack Head, Milnthorpe.

*ENUINE CUMBERLAND TURF, Red

X Shale for hard tennis courts; Weathered Lime-
stone Rockery, Crazy Paving and Stone for garden
making ; White Spar. State requirements. —K ERSH AW'S
LTD., Garden Makers for 50 years, Kelghley.

[SE PAY prepared for Lawns.
Tennis Courts, Bowling Greens, etc. Dark and
turf loam. Inspection invited. —

SONS, Hoddesdon, Herts.

ellow fibrous
ROGLEY &

quss for lawns, bowling greens, ete.
large quantities rich soil for gardens, gcod, clean

sharp sand.—THOMAsSs BROTHERS, Garforth Street,
Chadderton, Oldham.
ORTHAMPTONSHIRE LOAM from

Ironstone Land, unequalled for fibre and colour:
sample 2-cwt. bags 2/6, carriage forward; low rate for
truck loads.—NORTHAMPTONSHIRE LOAM CO,
18, Horsemarket, - Kettering.

ANSTEAD or Walton
choice soil for Vines,
Carnations, and general use :
YOUNG BROS.,

Heath Loam—A

Roses, Chrysanthemums,
now is the time to stack.—
Retchworth, Surrey.

ኸንርሏፕ MOULD for Rhododendrons and
Nursery Work, 5/- bag, 25- ton, in truckloads
on rajl—WALKER, Pinewoods, Camberley,

C AGAL
| -Bemi Anthracite, 15/5:

REA QEWAGE, ‘DISPOSAL
DIE m =
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Boe. depot SION;

— hese: Aire quite 8 Novelty: TIR ‘Zandis, T — se :
ares with?

— E m D THE GARDENERS CHRONIC Ti
CRAT 51 i Eo binding without p = m
ca 'ይዚ//:8101ፍ=ኗ-- ig paths- ane tomis, 12:6 per aon S

19 መከበፎ0 1822- — Addlacombe.

: SOUTH LONDON
. HORTICULTURAL | ‘STORES.

du. SCOTT & SONS

t ‘WOODSIDE, | 5.ጅ.25..
"ከ8188 —

P» — Sent 89 e Double Strength

ce 7831 . ፲፪ ርር Ep: Pine: ON ABER, SES
gute. ፡ ን |

ter ን 2 ት w ts. Sita j :
— — — ——— — PN den —

ake — “Anthracite: 23 Saab -
us Any tarea: House Coal. from 12/6 yer tan» pt
Welat Anthracite, 277- Semánthmelte: (registered); 3
Horticultutal CORB PU ላ UE dr
. six auitable for any furnaces PEGE ES, ያ CL Abt aE. Me
LOCO. MI, Hales; Freiberg Hl — —

—— —

any

di: “ህክህት
- 18፪0፲ኩ=;; farms, abe 80 eraplytag af easy “12; nno
awkomatic ; s perteet : Fertiliser obtainable -WILLIAN | 8
VA BEATTEE, b. Jowes. Uromnor: Ware, Wastmineter,: ም ናቹ ላእ

—i—7es ⸗ ⸗ —

—““

—

ANERE “applied: ` ar: pues

| veteran ona, paale “bated, no ginal, brrslizhie
Apis. Satritite and sprites car: spri-
LENE Lower: Platina: Rante

— UNE Le aw
HOT WATER BOILERS ue to Jarkest $e 5 EU ት ተመ
me nade n tested 15,000 frat HW Tapes, lo

፦) 0

latge quantits Fittings heating ap rni ne Aset. ites:
plete. [8ጻ።ከስሰዝ8።ኗ GP fatériala - Em mme; gunt m o -
Gabi jt EE ር eatablighed - ete m — — Aes AE

(881591 SURES, bod Bree Bandi, Re

sort 5 meone INSECTICIDE

l- per gall: ; 4 — he

G JARDEN SETTING. ው Selectot maa ማ Eos
MS Men: Tanned,’ 50 hy 1 yad: HERA E ame ተሻ ር. ረ:
S Pires * parda ‘Mia: f

SEN ፳፣ Baud:

List free; Sora i BRIA NETTING ——
—

me Bust.

BLACK. Bout = web
“Hlarde rug. Xie taut

አ. ለናል zd x —

fps Reni EA tek
“ህሃፎጸ፡ 466: Riel Botta: E
; at yde; doni ==: wide. 30 s 5 Alas deny. 25. Nbr —
SA0 (ar ame. 18 ዘ. high, Ba a
: sai. part: Zone ROBINSON, conie n Aet Ernte, ዘ“.

— iS orders despatehed. ame. day. ARI

06 netting for boaten, A 1s. Tor 2/8.

Any sizes supplied.
አጨ ‘Tennis በርክት Nets. c

moon & ees Net Worin RYE.

oes, at: DIS

OOK! መያ EPN Y Ne 48 — Small.
frog dur Sta whit HIN protce tian. Frond AVIEN uf o

MI carriage. paid.
idi deaf ct xe M ና 8'፥ 2. wOchy a Moa
on LEM MS Vou OV ል, 30-5
Ha. ነቱ ei. —

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paid;

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... ፌ.ቭ.. riübbers. Tit: LEUR. quát NUN TOSS. Yonne. Le
S = Aberdesnatüre. > sa

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— መረም —— — — — —

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vm coreplay E $ ox fare iste immi 5 m
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Sample: ire

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pon = i

barga iis. ed 51... X The ps

— — —

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att Fe) ZA: ፥5- 4

P awian Lights

: Large filuairated በከበህዕርጠ Re iit ዘህዛ ሩሩ
* ATH & eo, Est paiay M tovto, ፍሪ 52 Ki

N! fc HOLSON 8 CENA MIEN, TUM ታን m ፖም አዬ ንመ:

: Monet, ላክ አ» ኣፒቨቨ#ክ: afa ረ DUE SU 14 AN “from: ፲5 18 8
Matat ነቾዙ ante SARE 5:15): * #፻ 3 mix ko Hé SAEI 2
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V den Aer. ò ከነ Y Ach estoit; uL gqiex Toy al ig E DL Oh ean

DA HLIAS. “ALL. SECTIONS:

ee € «1166[፪፤ቨ 35. —— dp-to date. include Qu
ahei B Cartas: var. "Ballet: Aim. 8፡4. Md the i i5

3 ret Nace i
BEGON IAS.

d ery, fine “Collection it. ርክ! New Vars 5

NEW CACTUS: GE RANIUMS.

The. ONLY. "remedy. der ida kee
“Price: 18 | pei tin- By ቦኒ 64. extrd--

id ዩሄ vri hort J sineme ór Hie U entaut eec t — 23
MN bfc 4 Ri tesis Howe, Rangkah Street, Fandan 8.4.

ME 98518:

Fat LENE EPTO at pe ey

| arrow pamen dieti
sntroduct iin E

> Absa: pod oltecrivns of Fuchsias, በዕ. ት |

re buie: x forage: Post Fre

le Se Horticaltural | Directors ን
8. ሽ00ዚቫለኣ. 895 BINNEN. s ; The: Horticultural Directory is not cory
| (reprinted. thie year, but a: limited. number: E i
d of sopies ef the: iue for: 1924 ere n 3

- ble a des ‘reduced pee: of

Bay Post fee

7] The Pots that Drain :-] - 2፣ ዘዘ he. addressed ibl. |
aie & GARDENERS’. CHRONICLE, LTD. *

PETES BALL 7 ku
—“ vins 116: | SÉ "Tone Sty, Covent Sandesh, WG. a:

BN — eae

S25 € 5. ”

8 asi ficit] ae t
; e ብወ — E

26 RUM x10. ይ

ነ Pripni ብክ í itavel.
PAO RRENA

' TyA ies M de a ra ሠ there Car CUM)
B a ላህ En po
Jer. —

..፡]፡8ጸ6" not
tüe oniliery Strbügkb. < Ou —

eur Ro ይቤ OH (70:01.
/mauare parda sffeet(weiy.

m An HARRISON,

ሀዚ ‘TANNED GARDEN NETS bor rmm. I~
YOUR GARDEN —
[Beinen pe vsum E

prsti o4
"etant entartainiuent with their pretty were
Bah (it need not be ከ.

-ARTHUR H.

AHE: purpose” pl.
Y | 354151. gardeners: in laying out their 11 .
gardens ja am artistic manner, having JT.

regard. to the: colours and: heights oth
othe various’ plants. their flowering || -
3 — and qnin — He

— —— of :

anni’ ዘ(8ከ8 WEED KILLER

; kaep your Garden ‘Pathe, Carriage Theives, ''ይ!6:.. -
M from weeds for at leaat 12 months. The heat -
Killer for Daley, Plantein ad Datdelion tn Lawra

‘Immenasé Saving in Leboar. -
— Drum sd extra, Carr. BP
Gank .:8ሁ ,... X AU
e ume
Full. price alowed
ink and. casks if returned in guo —

ከ17. d^ MR idoj

REPOS POE v5, Ain 2 montAs,

KB Tn Yhe prices of 186 APER i i
that this Weed: Biller:
miris tio 50 ot water; Deux. dod ERA

mirni with 50 gallun of water wt
199 49.

— venues, Dew:
READING.

1 COWNVYLLNGOTTT

Rel Plant Stake. "
'Pateóted No {837 7H) f

EXT (6: Ax Royal Betenis Gar

Watts Cor al padi.

wn voi reb, ese xwl 5ዮ seek.
Sniper of vitia $c pon የ. :

TK. .. angt£mwoos, XX. ;
ኑ — arsi EN

xnd pive: 'g0u LON

and ር.)..
‘Catal N ia Némind Boxed. Feeding /
1 —— ጩ መ ው Wüd Birds > add ፈቂ ጋ

— end "7i —— Ornaments, pow froe y )
MOORTOM © LTD.
x DUCK INGHAR — ROAD, 5 EWI 1s

OF THE aaa

By.” BEORGE FO TINLEY

bee THOMAS. HUMPHREYS | sf

We TRVING, with an introduir- ——
Bou; by- Mies. MCI RUBE-
JEKYLL, ail om Onna Pies —
By Miss * ANS; ፡ |
aS መ) du xu Rum

‘the book i$ to.

I plates. exhibiting 390 see eted — i :

| GARDENERS! CHRONICLE, Ltd. ||

TAVISTOCK. “STREET,
“covert GARDEN, WC: 2:

Rr era w

EA

—— — — pe 287 2 —

THE GARDENERS’.

HORTICULTURAL, CENTRAL Hearing.
AND. D SUCTION | GAS PLANTS

— — — ሠው መሠ -ጠመ”-”

WILLIS. BROS! 3

Garden Fert iliser

ዝጩ BEST 68 THE MARKET.
NO. STABLE. MANURE REQUIRED.
For digging in or.zs 3 top dressing. For
Kitcher Gardens or Herbaceous: Borders.

rawta, Bias ewe, 85325 es Bis m 19

| per toti. - All Carnage: Paid.

$t — ም.

LAWN BAND AND DARY KILLER. |

hte preparation will be 858484 wery edeetive tor thick» |-

^uimü the award nnd encouraging: ihe grasses;

1 destroys: the daisies and other mede 8o "troublesoma.

68 Lawns,

Do — 25: 6; 55154.,14/-.- Mews, aie. Adi AU በልማት Paid e z 4

! re መ — ጊለቪጃሄ- MANURE. —
ecjally mi e. for poat 4fossy AWA. roves
| texture of the grass, and hetts the tawns
፪ colour in dry sessona, . Can bt 8562 atthe: ጨን
i ts the gere.
PL EX. A0. 55 Toa..

— — Se

WORM DESTROYER,

ou — eti.

PERUVIAN GUANO. ——
| 5 ጠፍር: 3; pr 17. eene

— — — —

ORIED BLOOD MANURE.
a owt. ISi- r 56 bas 140... /((አነፒ[አቋና raid,

“GREENHOUSE BLINDS, NO

— any size from Apeclal quality Ate: imala |
Tater

Bodtid ልህ toand and down eéntre for streugtur

swith stentowebhing, ready qo ሸ5:.
Rollers and Fittings at «mini extra cost,

“Estimates and samples. an application:

‘GARDEN SUPPLIES AT LOWEST PRICES, |
Write Jet. መ * of Garden Manüren and. Hoóriiéuliueai |

naris. Free ዕጸ application.

| WILLIS Bros. iBARPERDEN) Ltd. S

, HARPENDEN, . HERTS. | w

ር — Medal Ang]o- Atoeriéai ጁ።ከ888.
Weed Enr- Tie to Maki 25 8069; yz

Voc A allons: 8. Past gs, 94. Dn Sach) ::
Dawn Sand. =-34- tha." Ais . eff. TUTTA 43:-. *
-puidoon i owe Yo. Bn for Prive Lis

| ACME —— አ — ——

Shalt — ERA M
of S owt. Jk,
Mis 40 whe qma dion, 519. a #

iage Paid. ^1:

AT Garr oat te
55% prier quoted. for 117569 Manure ree tor Fark lat.
Tbe. quoi. — preparations fa ከደ. x ul

$- — gd ,

“WEED በ8 STORIE à 8 t STORME,

, LAWN 8

— inge :

ል መ —— — a
= WY ler tates EN ALL the ምንነው "WEE.
; ser iam ae Ro wer
"e. oiler fine piste ins Btn,”
ope n" AU. MN Qua n
MI HL jp» ap pon
e RE bes ee
W. out tria. 6:8

EID

HABE. *

FR 7827: ምሩ pert

Lotes ASE ORT S ht
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xU è

j ፍ ca js is
አትን. Te nun RATARA « t€
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— V. Mo Ve
ተዛ Aot "yr nat #” ጸ-ኣዱህ ART

Tysvyte Tt darem ርክ — —
Me mu 2005. ;

* lb Qs ES VE fr dts d K Ae 9
Wu ነያ

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nx ነሜ A —R 2. ያር ፍያ የን jaro 51ሎፔ . ETE AE. TÉN SANT ር
“ሰኹ. ነይ ይ ን ae PEO RND eat PRU eh 357 CR as. o ል.
à v sides flay ys he REE SE ye እ ችላ
rg —* s —— AAP # AGES: ex WE das 55
qa d a Aes : ‹ x iE = t. 541775
ደ « በስ OW. ያ ላ Í a 22 2 ኑ ገ — * 5
TA Lm : AA * EoOX Nee T

ONDE. VE A
bM: dehet tgs! UST «ክክ: t3

Zon — AON "nat M
ጋድ Map. #።ዛ አለ ታር 5497 8222 5

; rg $e. H. ‹
sns i pris. 5 MD

PE PN

p $^ . ds:
ce —
* ር Wo

| gave time and attention. in'seed rearing:
Greenbouse’ Flowers,

eh ane
MA “correct dares, Advanced’ Plants a little pter.
: Wri fer. Catalogue, |

E xil: grown dvd: TE alsa ‘ee
Many Rare and Choice Varieties,

| AND GREENHOUSE PLANTS OF ለዚ me

tin fr. l

"Pindiy send. for’ Reatalngie. V cie

JAMES. CYPHER ል SONS, .
— — — — oe

SERO: IC Es

!-

^

|

|
T
T
>

|

for. GARDEN |
GREENHOUSE .

595...

oN
A is ጫ ;

Sih Po ዴር sor come —

(r9 : ቆጽ fy ge: ipie au: — ITA ihe

Yo e.
hanay —— BORDER: DARNATIORS;-

Ch 14 vider "ipe etae.

A MATIS. TÈN Ce SET. —
nens Toys EI UE

ታያ ሞያ ED — »
Ms * Fatt vh a »

STORRIE s TINY SEEDLINGS
Choice"
| Half Hardy- and Hardy
Perennials, Tender "Atrnials and- Bediling. Pau
‘Tiny Seedlings ready: for pricking out at

COUPE: Speciallats, e e ች መ
is SUENGAP AE, —

Arm. 25, 18

— hati; :

| ELLIOTTS | TN
y "| Sume: Cla! —

The only puia SE
“original and
EE rt c MEE

tins, Green ይየ Ww lie s ‘Shade. S aad: al- = eee 3
5914. rs a — — and ክው —

del

፦ - — መ.ጣቅ መ ^ —

— ‘WEED DEATH "

d. YHE HEW NDR-POISOROUS. WEED KILLER ien
* ህ84፲[% 8ኑ eMective, if not more: 86, that. R ይሻ

አሪ 800 Arseules] Compounds; arid cheaper—KILLE THE ROOTS.
—— ‘note | —— ote, SE —
VANS: ያዘለለ ው Ovtainahis from vour- —— PUEDE - 3
ሃጸይ ኪህ ዜ.. ይኒ *- TH SHAB FRAMES. LONDON: AS. ES

| CHELSEA SHOW -

MAY 19-23. ፡

—— — በኬ

— ‘out for ur. “exhibit of
“Bratt trees in. pots: ay the Eme |
| bankment. end. pt No. A tent.

=. — — Ra ዓሹ

| Thomas Rivers & Son. ym

| SAWSRIDGEWORTH HERTS.
| Station: Mino LON, E. R..

ውና” HAYWARDS | HEATH, sess —
eemplete. i ps HE Sar E

A well-filled `

ware 8
den ME - be KEN

nati ote ፦-

together with phor -
“phates and potash .
give the — ^
;monrishmeat. - 3
ONES et meris wists A

dud fia .
Án i un : item loe ሯጩ v

t ? “Armies, “the Vuaw- o S
Oo ung gf — wad Frat.
299 (SM Pepe. wee

፡ nf ሠ ud rude Key e
Wage: M

iD Eu 7 hb free Fyiors ሜኝ
a Phares Sane Rim ge e
— EE Oy SD VY N

SHADING —

Be nat be adrésed be ጨሬ =
| any መ ያ መቸ —

| 28:0. 25. =

“The nee Raises, Growers ፳ ከ Baposters ji

Pioneers pf. The: Seinte, Meitiods -
ef Orchid: Seedling Raming..

HAYWARDS HEATH,

SUSSEX

22872 — Mans ———— *
Be — 5 ihe 5885 tinie to PADDY SPU: IY 4

LAWN. SAND "M ገ
ASh per cwt: -
2112 ee Beare o m ii wi

so. —

OW
-WORMKILLER |

| Buc Sg, — Noo Bone teni, 18 » Add NT

36:0 per uh Fi of Goda Sts ይክ ከደት ol ድን

Amions BE, —— a "otiam, dri Soper 1 ጠር Treo Read, Derby
j ያሦ até ni

መሪ ee pi —— አ pe aur hal aA aed ;

[DAVID SWAIN. ፳ X

.SWORTH & CO, Lm, JE

ma Lawa |

OA RDEN] E RS CH RONI (CLE.

"HOT "HOUSE

BUILDERS,
ETT

TERT. FIN 37211 :1. :
Sather. Sag:

iota.

LUE HOWE:

ey ይ —

pan ዘፍ — — in — 3

rap ómposed of. ingredients caloulated ta — = EC
An. vigorons;growth of grasa: only.
: —— and: ‘thurdtore: most Pa A RS ጋው 928-

OF highest.

to ths square yard only. required.
ui Es 46;- ; ; 58. 15... 21; b 158, n" pas
Hs 14-16, 8(-:. 7 8:6..-233.

አር ለቂ A : i ሇሁ with price ond ful parinukers a wopieation.

BARR & SONS,

| En 8 and 13, KANG ST. "eOYENT ARONA, LONDOR, Wk.

jp THE MOUSE. POR
[orcentiouse 'SHADINGS |

` Range. of samples “post: free,
hes ‘CRIPPS P. SONS, .

B me, BEDKNORDWIRE CNEMIDAL 00... [MUR E nec uem mice

— — DINE: Depts, des ኣ< —*

Ww. TRESEDER. LID. dis

~The. Nurseries '

CARDIFF

‘DAHLIAS |

EVERY -
GARDENER
KNOWS
THAT

(867 6.

CUA የ SDN,

l : “Rei ever
፲:6, tg ds Us BE ASUBD nli SEALWD
iB) » ያገው tbi. au s

FUM ERS

Fer. $000. adie deer

፣ * “28.

as
2/

MARE. *

EE MS * — e exi tuus rro eux,

UP BS IPOMMONGERS, etc.
& ES em : We any ihifficsity. i citatine: apply: direct, tore":

ME
— — ^ -

vn makes the Garden:
ah the ves around -..

—E— Boote iden: Purposes i Tite af ገይፀሄ: 86/0 i

gay:

PAOR. 7M, Sey N Hr 525

fox Dag, Ay rer TRAE 7229።,1.

ዌ 8፡0 ፡ሕ.ኸ ee

Momira —— "ure bet Oriire SERA rr ORD, nine i É &..

Hinir P AES j
. Boorman dfi.

ነ አርሉ aie: plexsed wit SM
RUN E
pu.

ሙሙ--፦
7

: "08፲8 5፡0...

ፌሪ
Norbert
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) ‹ ና የሂኒ '
A i53.
Iu
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ECC -BULWELL.-
AS NN . s መ

P

11.

$

ARA
i y

tit

— POR Thrips Ber other ‘Glasibouns. Pens.
CERTAIN, m

! p. Soi Dp 7 Ag

£n ሻር. Prove: ftte son Rit Cont ag "Paid. fotus United. Xingioo:

V.

Wi, 1698 Toa, Holloway,

LONDON, N. 7.

2 — —— መ” —— — — — —

x PLANT BOU
ያጻስኛ HOUSES: -

GARAGES
BUNGALOWS.

. ወ-- — AE c

NS Mus HEATING APPARATUS.
፡ COTTAGES ANU.
vey GARDEN. JFRAMES, ALL KINDS.

BUILDINGS: FOR. ESTATES

— — ——

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*

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E ለኩ ኩራ wee

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CHEAPEST.:

k SPECIAL FOTS

E for Roses, Vines,
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oe ከዚህስ a brysanthenuces. -

E ibas Fach Pans and |
Bath! "Bowls; 5700
fromm, 3d. ይልክ

. . UNo Waiting!

3 [^ AW Orders ራሴም አያያ

A nV je the same day ‘as

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eat fOHeribA
NOTTI AM,

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— wn
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1h90. mb

For —
mach.

ያሄዩ 16
.BBLIABUE, x —

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— ሚሚ ረር Hers
(Linke 9 , Blanchester), =

i a — dot | i * j Tet ረ 1
e STANDARD
ues n se ^d — mE 4
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፡ ote | Ti THE 2
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APRIL 25, 1925.
THE
®ard ' Chronicle
No. 2900.—SATURDAY, APRIL 25, 1925.
CONTENTS.

Alpine garden— Indoor plants—

Dianthus graniticus,.. 287 Freesias in hanging

Hepaticas — መያ baskets F ... ZRI
Apple leaf scorch 384 | | Notes on Freesias .... 281

. Motor lawn mowers in

Books, notices of— Regent’s Park, trialof 278

Flowering Plants of ^ Obituarv—
South Africa — 7 pu. ን ገይ Ag
us Begg. James ... c MEN
The Romaner of the Sutton. Arthur W. ... 202
Fungus World — ... 286 Orchid notes and. glean-
Bulb garden— ing—
The Summer Snow- |. An experiment with
flake ... * 5s 279 Cy mbidiums ... 255
Tulipa Eichleri 209 | Orchids, new hybrid — 286
Bullock, Mr. A. NET ~ ፡ »:
= ] | Parks and gardens ... 288
Carnation Baroness de —
Brienen ne . 280 Plants new or note-
: ነ FN DRM wortliv—
Ferns, hardy ...= Rhododendron Wil-
French Horticultural sonae ... " ... 283
Conferences, forth- | Slugs — m mE 76
coming ... : 278 | Societ ies—

Manchester and North
of England Orchid 291
Royal Caledonian
Horticultural ... 201

Fruit garden, the ከ;፻([5-፦
Prospects of the hard y
fruit crops ... ... 2ከ9 |
PRU register— Vinut's vox a] Royal Horticultural 289
av UC tarine Care 1181 . . =% Spalding Bulb Grow-
** Gardeners’ Chronicle” | ers’ awl Market
seventy-five years ago 279 | Growers’ ES

Garden in antiquity, the 284 ' Trees and shrubs— A
, : Skimmia Laureola ... 283
Garden notes from

| "uecas x
south-west Scotland 254 KL. the as pem
Hardy flower border— Willows, a selection of
Dimorphotheca "n American fir so SNZ
Pyrethrums ... ... ZRG | Wistaria, a giant, at
The Holly hock ..286 | Wistaria town. U.S.A. 278
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Bullock. Mr. Arthur, portrait of ... — "T E
Cymbidium Alexanderi var. albens NT * NER"
Cy mbidiums growing on the ground level at Orchid-
vale, Beverly ET EN: "m e * SQ. 285
Freesias in hanging baskets at Tresco Abbey ... ... 2፡1
Narcissus Kingeroft, 279; N. Lady Diana Manners . .. 287
Sutton, Mr. Arthur W., portrait of the late... su 202
AVERAGE MEAN TEMPERATURE for the ensuing week
deducted) from observations during the last fifty

year» at Greenwich, 491°.

ACTUAL TEMPERATURE—

The Gardeners’ Chronicle Otflee, 5,
Covent Garden. London,
10 am, Bar. 302, temp. 567.

Tavistock Street.
Wednesday, April 22,
Weather. Sunny.

NOTHING is more annoying
than to be caught napping —
except to be caught in the
same way a second time. And vet if report
is to be believed not a few gardeners are
suffering from this latter form of annoyance,
and that because of the sudden and multi-
tudinous prevalence of that ever present pest
of the garden, the common slug. Of course,
the slug we have always with us, but
generally a moderate measure of vigilance,
combined with special protection of valuable
plants which are prone to suffer from their
attention, suffices to prevent any wide-spread
damage. — Primulas in the. moist. woodland
or by the waterside are always liable. to
attack, and anyone who does not take
suitable precautions in good time cannot
expect to have a good show of these most
delightful of semi-shade loving plants. This
vear, however, the conditions seem to have
been more than usuallv favourable to the
pullulation of the slug, and many plants
which are normally immune from the attack
of occasional members of the slimy tribe have
succumbed from their massed attack. Thus
we have seen the tall and stately Crown
Imperial cut off before its prime and bowed
down as a result of the all too manifest
voracity of the slug. Senecio Wilsonii and
Senecio clivorum have, in the same garden,
been attacked voraciously, and each rolled
leaf as it emerges from the ground reduced

On Siuge.

THE

*ARDENERS’

to yellow shreds. In the case of this garden
the gardener, pressed by arrears of work due
to the same cause as the pest of slugs,
namely, the prolonged wet winter and spring,
was caught napping. Once the pest is dis-
covered its control is not, however, difficult ;
the trouble is that unless a roving eye is
kept on every valuable plant of the garden
the damage is done before operations of
control can be put into execution. Of old
and well-tried remedies the garden books
of a hundred years ago recommend barilla—
a material the nature of which now needs a
dictionary to determine. When kelp burning
was common the crude salts, consisting
chiefly of sodium carbonate, found their way
to market, and were doubtless much used
for washing and scrubbing. Their alkaline
properties were well calculated to cause slugs
to cease from troubling. In more modern
times soot and quick lime have been advocated
and are doubtless efficacious. Trapping, of
course, is a good plan ; Cabbage leaves in
pieces and such-like vegetable traps, if turned
over daily and the catch exterminated, serve
for the riddance of large numbers of slugs.
Another old and tried device is to dibble
small, thimble-like holes in the ground and
daily to water the holes, in which slugs are
sure to be harbouring, with lime water.
Among the best of all remedies and pre-
ventives is blue stone, that is, copper
sulphate. If a drop of a weak solution
touches the slimy body of a slug, death of
the slug is assured. The skin turns white
and there is an end to that pest. It is
probable that those whose gardens are apt
to be pestered with slugs would find relief
by spreading finely powdered blue stone
sparingly over the ground. A duster like
that which is used for drv spraying of fruit
trees would probably be the best tool to
use where the area to be covered is large.
Needless to sav some care would have to
be exercised lest too much of the poison were
put on the ground, and there is, moreover,
always the risk ot injury to birds. We
doubt, however, whether, used in small
quantities, copper sulphate in powdered form
would be likely to damage plants or birds.
For those who do not like to risk the use
of this method there is the hat-pin mode
for use at evening time, and it is said that
the use of waste cork dust --an innocuous
substance—is a sure means of encompassing
the death of the slugs. Of this material,
however, we have had no experience. In
the garden which prompted these observa-
tions the plague of slugs appears to have
been encouraged by a liberal use as a
mulching material of spent hops. The hops
came direct from the brewery and were
spread lightly on the ground. During the
wet weather they became sodden, and appear
to have served as most efficient. breeding
grounds for the pest. 11 would be interesting
to know how far one of these slimy pestlets
of the garden can travel in the course of its
life. Slugs seem certainly to be able to go
or to get anywhere, and one happy family
in the same garden was found ensconced
among the young shoots of Lychnis alpina
in a rock wall three feet from the base and
as much from the summit. The price of
success in the garden is ceaseless vigilance.
So far as this slug pest is concerned it
might easily be prevented bv running voung
ducks in the garden, but anvone who has
tried that expedient knows that the remedy
generally proves worse than the disease ; for
the duck is no respector either of pests or
plants, and is, moreover, heavy footed, so
that what ground it does not grub up it

CHRONICLE.

277

puddles down. No, the slug must be cx-
terminated by more artful means—an electric
torch and a drop-bottle containing a solution
of blue stone is the means we most favour
after trying many. A wet afternoon devoted
to the hunt saves night work, and is surc
to result in a good bag; but the wise
gardener will not generally let things get
to this pass. He knows that the slug is
always present and takes his precautions to
keep the pest within bounds.

Highfield Daffodil Show.—The twenty-two
acres of ground under Daffodils and Gladioli
which comprise the bulb farm of Mr. J.
Montgomery Crawford, at Highfield, Ayrshire,
were open to the inspection of the public
on Saturday, the 18th instant, when a choice
collection of cut blooms representing out-
standing examples in Trumpet, Incomparabilis,
Barrii and Leedsii varieties were staged indoors.
Notwithstanding the unfavourable weather
the function was largely attended and in
addition to the general public and members
of the trade, a deputation was present from
the horticultural section of the Glenfield and
Kennedy Welfare Association, Kilmarnock.
The production of Daffodils as a commercia!
enterprise in Ayrshire was begun some eigh:
years ago by the late Dr. Crawford of
Ardlamont who won the Barr Challenge Cup
in 1896, and the business is now under the
supervision of his son.

፤ Plants of South Africa.—No. 17
of Vol. V. of The Flowering Plants of South
Africa contains illustrations and descriptions
of ten flowering plants indigenous to South
Africa. Cotyledon orbiculata, t. 161, 18 a
very old plant in cultivation, and said to
have been introduced to this country about
the year 1690. This succulent plant has
broadly ovate, glaucous foliage with a red
margin. The inflorescence forms a_ panicle
of cymes of some six or seven bright red,
tubular flowers, with a yellow base ; Synnotia
bicolor, t. 162, is a bulbous plant allied to
Ixia. This species was introduced to this
country in 1786, and was first described as
a Gladiolus and, subsequently, was figured
in the Bot. Mag. as a species of Ixia. The
flowers. are irregular, with the hood and
side segments stained with violet and the
lip yellow. Gladiolus trichostachys, t. 163,
is a yellow-flowered species closely allied to
G. permeabilis. The flowers are much
smaller than in the cultivated Gladiolus,
but the species will probably be valuable to
hybridists ; Aloe Chabaudii, t. 164, was
described and illustrated in Gard. Chron.,
August 5, 1905, p. 102; Gladiolus orchidi-
florus, t. 165, is a very distinct species,
illustrated in Bot. Mag. t. 688, under its
synonym Gladiolus viperatus, owing to the
fanciful resemblance of the flower to the
head and appearance of the jaws of the
snake when raising itself for defence against
its enemy and hissing. The spike is not
rigidly upright, as in most species of
Gladiolus, but curved, and the hood ds
very narrow, like a long claw; the side
segments are broader, and the lip is formed
of the lower segments, which have a maroon
blotch. The narrow standard is suffused
with chocolate-brown, and there are brownish
markings through the centre of the side
segments which, as shown in the plate,
are greyish.green : Lachenalia tricolor, t. 166,
is an old plant in gardens; it has been
cultivated in Europe for some one-hundred.
and-fifty-years. It is one of the most
graceful species of the genus; Crassula
rosularis, t. 167, is a very attractive-looking
plant with leaves, stem and flowers tinted
with rose. Tho text states that it is 4
dainty little plant and will thrive on a
shady rockery if supplied with humus and
a fair amount of moisture. The dainty
inflorescence has some resemblance to a
spray of pink Astilbe; Lissochilus speciosus,

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- ህዜ፻1098 efus werd nudes. he undertook: die”
sporiVeak “of the: -gakdane Ando mnaged then -

ዝሪ hid

for. 77: period - or! UAW Yaa “In: was: whio, at

phsition - ot. quirdoier 4e Capped » Hall, Bpping,.
the oepsidanen ot, Re Ps Wethes. E Her
he has. remained’ qur: የነጣ! "three: stars ana

‘oployers. AME has: had the: Aárudfaei mem cons
— ‘phe’. ueceus. 81. iie storia ኋን 1 uu
dd. garden auto ^ dae. ን ከ ከ

Pad ባ191ከ፡26/9/1ል. | ፅዜ፤ርጠጩክ Mr. BY ik: hiaz ማክ
Sinai ax, roqua xbibitor- decis Baty:
|ዜበህዛ ia ihe metropolitan በኤ 119]: fais
JserN EA ወቪ ፡፡ the: Mayat. Horlicaitieal Sadetye: -
- ኮህ. and "Vegeialite : A'awtiutuee ቋር... dug
11676 abu. e tiembet “ak. the Joni pedo ut:
oig dxafdenere Atoyal. 1868656158 HAL AUTOS
laci he: aika ASUPRA KESAN SI

fpes hor

atiow apd ‘Certification of Apiarist,-
— ን ርን ድ Agricnitire: pe orent
“ashes oes 'ደ[- : ON ;0ከ91. f | ለነየቢ[ርህየበ8በ/8 .
፡ haves bee ode, ET Ae: Scape tiun, BO
“application. ot apaa iere bera; 848: quise
durs s. YN 655. 85. ‘brood

JUR EONS

ው — —
ላ *
ናል.

: cSt un that: 889ር5 Aall: pa isi. Mor s

C Kult aims carat caes are
Aged 16 the fareing '6፻.:፪8606፡ pub soa ,
d — J———— “alton he- quise nc es

fe Roshni, here Me ohia

-i Whetetalt PNIS. 7:4፡9ሀ0988:፤ ig SM

ፍ.። : ን = =

TCN
By doen

A adaton ' |

presento yea 38. ክመ Wis, apio. de. fo AY
118ዮር1):- 14 Sq: Mareh. ME deers
ነ

is und: pea if de. “Heikant E
ater’ the: ample: euecuvügement- of. ከህ. — ለ
ue AE.

3 A A m Flower Show. We. IN o she

ene INDE, KM

ህ
— —

|
፪፡:ጊው

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— T

T TID
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C SOCKET ር ባዕ PE
ne^ -- z

2 Waa’ “pment 46. dita lago ስ. er.

Suec |
Mie de Lun d pea file:
— nae né |

jts ህከ ባፍ የ) fee 91/05 from 00
heus pothe. wis ns pus —5

ae — — Aarde MED
» preset. Phe. tratans appena te
the: 2 hat. Sd ni sedo

Ba :
DP Meee (Seta 5 Boge — f= -
Mi ue Bott: Boe 4 < x an Tr

pplieation: dur eet
Sina. da: እንና ር quo 2

— ah ፡ "ni ry ንስ
Agrie iratture | And W eia 5:

Ministry |n

"rhe rate ni £2 2e. per days quM ^ anipitoary m
xn A des 11: be ware ያኛ AUNT meme ACE IE:

መመ. qus Bhew, ] | ding 05>
ሂክስ sano ive annual. slnws qu. “whet previo c ay
E Manchester and. Bieminghaty,: tlie. Toperial —
Fnit. Show, € lommittee has denided’ to: he — :
mS ;exliühitian. UNES ahe present c ege X e
- London. at Helland, Park Rink: Trou, በከ i:
E to: Nowsniben | 7. Those who: propise de -
| jc RRO ke

i

epa VOR
pat Sho, LE

fgéeduta Hage S ;
E Forun - 4 Lb 5 de ትያ E ዘ
ae ከገዙ Hr. Vale
Seu t à
A — uie

ind e
pU — ሠ — E ORA
Mines — — — DRD
i Ehe: Aust በፎ ላቂ — :
NES S — adr imal haat: Authorities. ;
he ከመር d 30. — frita

Wwe dos M ee - QM ት oe
| e A C Ato M mkalA o

Aes 5 —
—

AN tarit. Vm NC Geis ሕቆ...
Mrs. Ao orant, - kb: Beanie. "Points

ሰኢ

roots ore on. The; dot oxide QE. tha hue pos
de branches | he aye dicen. tramak both: iet ane

dine | specie. ds ilantad in 1803, an 458 e 3

arit; NÉS, oup mmt 886: A rear var: ጋ ኣን
ከአ “wees: ‘bhey BER. | ‘sonnaiyed | “wens p y
— ‘Phe. plut. 15/48. tatc thes Wistar |

NOD: TRN Sb ! | Paint whieh’ aver DER
— Gabe: Valleys A60. deeto ‘above:
- 8ኾስ-)6ሎቦህ. tutto jte image taal Avar 8.
punit. ut. 1ከ‹57 HBAS: GS wen. tyctive: Anches.

1993 un Fe wot! than. dion | 5፡/81(08.. “pate

speetaan. TRON:

ahis: Wanna E 36. “full Moon. ^

Me MT
ahews. a Aondertul. display: A blooms yee
Mie ኮርና]. wh. eraki — ml.

Nati ዕት y CAD the. — አመ
ae: "ህይ. Sy am — — MN
“NAYAR 4፡18 T EY 841. 618. dH eghibitien o c^
te the committee dent, exc the: ‘second and
aubsequept. days ob. the: Alifeco.. ‘Show 38 in ^
former yars o Forcunlaee mas ba.:
dp df 13፡8... poeremry, ፡ ! ኾ::፡:
I Jn dion. Rond; ; ኢና የይ sf

roa

1

— sie, errs ar well ndssiritedl 4 Md

fore dec pba xu be Bede im ih
“Kelvin " Glas. bh ይና አር. La yy
nd. Tide አ. die cher —

that he: ANUE

— deany J
x a d d —

Rm
<> ቺ ‘
ው seta te,

EX | አክሀጠ ዛክ. E —

— —— m: yi የጅ
Me | (ከ605. ‘were’ soléy. onm c BIN Judice. 5:68 d.
8 “expected | ከ, this. HARDER ፡ will. bs.
| equalied; iE ከ08: eXwecded. at the »oming. d ፡
8ከሀፍ: S gooilly. unbunt of- Aes Jus ከ80. Leécogón | ሊዘክፎ፲፤ኛ(:34,. 31: -2ህ8ህ፲0፡ዮ.- iow dem. 9. niat

set. apart. Jot — Whew. hava. 1. Hake: anlier from: The Yack. Df aze jaits flowers, = E —
been divided into. fout elitse. materil: dor ^ ihteexppaaring pooyi, Pruporiient do tho length: ^0 ብላ BICHLER A
‘Preparation , planting. "and: nain tedyinon - of. the“, “OE ጉይ tems. TRKE aid ‘Teng wüdent o Nw. Ge att oup S
garden i warden .Aeols, ፡ amphernepte: .
appliances + garden tructures, A
—— The pinine qekerigb s" b th ae በ1886, ,. o0nditiona — .:. AAs ES — ሀ66ጩጤ፡.. This perianthi 16. right. “epson. ar: የሃ”.
hows wih bi performed - by Hur እብኑ. Add . | ዐየ1(ስክዮነ፡. border, : which ; presen 06. nearly / searlet, 51011 ' ዚ : ከይ ‘lick ‘blotch Ei
C*9arnégió በ[ሺ8ቹ፪/ the © -Poneka 3099. " | métal. provisian.- NND iva | spread "over tbe: claw, And n yellow: anácqin: FEE

- Applientions ier. የባ - -should- ^ bec d Axes dinbivé a wet. —— did: Mise: “the: hayes are a | የ188 -ያቦሶበ- The species.
“oade” ao Mr. Qenil. inane. 898874. ህክ ነ. Rtas JUDA | wish whe, paat, ONARA 65. (MEAT. 16 ELE ይክ አጀባ: piip — diat - jones rex

E eap Kelvin Hall, Glasgow. A DEI [QUE I SNR VERS uci ለተይ ይ —

Yaternstional’. Apis “Chal. PNE ! di MERCI
SERES “International Apis: "ih wea: ded cube coro
ፌቨር አበቦቼ on th» 1 ith met. dündécthe presidvney. — —
nb Mr. “Mexander | Mii tain Senin’ 188889 S
cuf phe Board: ios Agriculture; ad) there: SRR
a pont: "und "rYepeéseutatiyo | — - Bis
፣ testo baba.” ju. the: fóreico a የ681. Was- wade."
Gor tbe Apiary! Cof the West. ob "Beotlatif.

በህዘኤ፡።፡ b Holmes. ur, veni Me TF aeeph |

D በሄ, the Cyd. fectiter, g gave: 6. derpprigtnts:
TR tm. pM explained: hn. asperam tal: NOS Vea
Mn dne wis oben - (8የ7ክ0 do wath. regard t^
P — breeding, 886 tests’ itt ‘relation. d
eee Apay the: ori. iot. ies Dep: Ti ፡ "hes
i, ኝን SESSION: diet. an. dw: "Desiqniun. Hata:
Dune folie. e pers wee 9፡6... und dise sued i
“አርዘ : Hee-beepiug. ፻፻ጦክ[6፳.” by. Mr. 6G-

WS SAEY Mieter a "Rduiburgh /€pllege- rot:
ነ Agronin A CEA ህሳ፡ርጠቪብጩ18- o. he Prodüetiun-
"o Tintber. Hones, Ts by Mr. Wilh detnr en
Covenant. dentuter vat) tie Wat ae: Bertand: -
i Colleges fe Marin And. ዝከህ CBee. by Me Doo s
cowMoariani. [ከ good Vot
nde Boe Giants: pu hose MS hy Me *

J ሁክ rer ar. MN memo
Li jeti tiii *

SAT ያ 2= “i r3 —— — d e =
4 - : ful one: pane ens- BR o is y ot
4. SUMMER. E ev LARE d ^ Hewerings- thë- TOON- ieg Afire tor በይርርየ።፡ አን

Dat “ህዚ.
aud; anil ie 6581. —— ‘a thie plait. would. be pecióé for brilliant PARURE. incepit: Ut fier
i) dud. xor Aippreeited . ካየ we ህሪ grow. ab: Sunder’. i éonperner TS. /Fosterisaia- and ; pera pe - F

CÜfnesduv, "A Aw 4 3 : ፡ የናዳ 9፡2 5 “District.
| የክብመበኳር 6፡41 ያ sent Nadenyo s
ipeture. - Wednesday.) At ate W Boe F E:

"Eeotingr ai [ከ6፲ዞ SAN y,
158[[96.-- Toles A
NI (፲ያቱ10-- of Sink

385 f zd uix: “pith, ii. 66.
| ሠረ] በ8(01:: tie ny surface s expose 66:.
thee: 1 pM Web iE. Ws Fuere at dh

f — AUR 4i disi i ben
QM. uum. j M ith blast
muc cmany |

ያዝ ብ wey id. dnüb
puteg Am "y det
ATE 96: ——
J——— * ROEN e
COUT PEDIA pus E
TN vint: dod. a

— — —
— wn Seni S
6 vhcre- ab hor bran pre. is SAM
ine Hut Hia cÓE- parbonktaniia.
Hack letters.. ys fed

| dee ገባ 3
merry tee "m. BE d ነ Tonk te aieh : Nec
black: dores "stand. atat." har. rekot
- peejeobon,- CAMS: "e. "lies. ponshing |
v thin satriane CAR thes woah, ከ4 ONGU. 88, PIES SRS N ER
3 Adis: ‘solution, at. dies 'edüre-dend paint which 5 A o Uu Oi ND. .፻።፡.' fii ranana. sinat.
| መ ኳና wavered wo cba 8:በ6. bse ES fe ata ችኝ ጁ
ሟን BUD might Hey eem, | መር. 8:96.
co Wes —— -ክር1838፡ lend: Of eias ; —— SAT OAT A A A Q :
ህከ. fas” “pid? eHoet- R destroying ' 2፡1.) E E Qa 5 ES DEA
i bfaatiaMy ue ያ ፲፻: dic a Xo: 8661. —

VIO

— |

ኣሳ ቁ"
#4

፡- RAS ክጠባ vt Mert. April 25; e A bwin | s ነዘ. E IA

POOR Stent eventually ~ To Chandan’ D Défis: 488 — appear shorter. The: len ደ ውን ‘etal, 1የዘመበዘርክ Ue je) poisses E
ን brittle um as. [9 fs ot? vonverting. at. get. stare, is thus "rendered necessary, Ay TE Es piment pednarl DEETAN m | ት i dy
Ud Fi kind GE soup “cof sta but. cert pu natural sur roundin gs, qmd ibis whonid. "5ሠ-- ንክ ን ገቢ April: በ0: Searle “May,” “this:
፡-4ፅሸበከቭቪኤ:-. .. ያአ blèk — Yengi nne a thes “gaida 4n- pleating. Pie ክፍ ህር aibibsed E ገዙ ain ;(,በየ8(88(116ኳ.:. "feature * ino “thes

Aieoniase: ‘for: the: #1 garden. | espe: 1815: ie EG pu Tib hordér. - Ahe: vivid "enledring- A
: አበ. petas and dni P Apr or May- die 7 “ait ገ. Large: obgdvot — obtuse Segmente i r.
—— QE t SHIT ing Howes. aif: “ከላህ ዛቡ :የ18ህዘነቪአበ21ሎ. : አሃ ው brilliant: efect Ales bulbs- duy cs oti
2: — o el n ae dt 3 ae — Wih ዲነ wla present 8 ptehty- 38814: ei greand, dor” d*6 or tne
c OM ier Next wo vale DT petre ዳክበለ]ዊ paced of plautnm. which t«esus With but ከ of ጠርዜ Dulo
"rue d Y: E est iile nw deg ded: wat haste: d HAUG- Ere “atu ploypal - Seil wenderfalts- qaod. .: 1ከዩ[ጠ and. donpaind: 89981 ከበክከዚህሄ Jas prefers 0
E — pn :27.::1880-. RAE bas ተ Hr dpt. በክ ps Bs 13(8 > Te Sabi An ክበ caknady loam arik. dE

| : a aes voc cówaden OU HAME : ከክክ : Hap the በዱ. በደን RA m. qut MANI. Bn Jus i.
2 E YT. edi "hr. f - he bei paned He 1 hy: d. at het pomt WIED S Pr ናም its
ie — C 3. Te DIS adul Hc WES -Rolis thes Puen “Adank ERO push. henge An thi- 5911. — ርቱ Sehieri- yr Rates af: ER : ean srs
ho 11. ayd 4፡95. EIS CES UU "This teptir of eter diccns Repeat A ME duisodhened Ce Bir ከ. 8. Rey neh 40:7 ተ
; estos Binley WE Esc Pest Ps በዓ tote. ie Apel: Hb he: "gone Plas ona Mete 188. mr Rl Ri aro, FEV;

eta
ነ. “ « ች. E s=. TL a a dE: ;
ኣ à —— * —— ES i
8 ፍም 9. " — — *. 1 — * ላ * 7
- ሓ y 5 & * atit — h Pe « ቁ ኳን eet LX d
r 64 dut : — ረታ à NERA 5 A

| “saab. /urichamimatlo- d "mubstatives - án: Hara, :
O ዶፅዊቢ ወጄ ከሃ 91994. Nein. Wo ዘዚ1ኒከርየ | ዜርያ

we ATC e
peta, and Me barthi re ber Vünmnug Reli SERA

VES LU the.” RE.

ፊ Bie pions de. even Attention. ^
Pe

m ree ከ8[፻-፻1ሀኮ4.. with.

begin 10 ዛከ"/8ኋ- 18 ከ

neis Wit 4868 Fass

: warde dnm thes buttüm- Wc thee areeptadle-. pu p^

-ክ Bhreiaprenit « 6. ER 2
ፍትና ae hsc respetkiug: ud these dier — Jaate |

B eer 1899. five: reed ou ot asser.

ከአለው ae makin

—* he: Toper e
- fowering may He denis Ac
ን NOSE: desire — fac RR -erabrack ቁዚርቨ *
xy AB vue

፡ — and A. ህ8)ሽ0፻8. . Augulows. dine Strong:

The re-potting - reduce the ከ81 of oda sod, eut '
nway nil. dead roots, and. remove. ‘any: 380.

v fem, Ehe:
aft “61. inf. tha- cook “division,

adi XA

mut ex gigantes: aec 44991:

S Uehverara, | | :
Serra dns ነን ub cs drong sumtines -
oesening | à pienta; — «for: positions. - —
Steer xhe wider s vido. na also dons. toie kiridrel
ከ6: Buphubalinum. : "BpeciDaunr.. -
Det M Quee: "Hypes a e nid £o jute. ntn igchies. -

TH E

— — — — — —— — — * — —

GA BDEXER RS

| |ሠከዜ, wea. |
brihant oped >
iügnnterum- as, ዘ 6- Rott Acatér&ide jornainPaut. -

deve — in. Fn fiae;

dim 1068

ከ - dimensigns 45 ጊዙ ከ. W quositi ion. Polygonum) ane

Qus "noble docking ‘Plats: ait need. plenty nf. spas
awha othe. Owniersa s thrive 7.

THE ORCHID: 'BOUSES.-

a 4. “Const, Gurdgner Yo Stk Tewewray von, B Bist. 2 Jer. Hie. Moret: T — make ከሮ E:
ae ANVE Gatton dark, Reigate, > g n. | J Shae
—* | VELIE SE WES adt lies. በባ sail: surrvanding -
* de Suehb ^svell-lsnas 8. pum PT nue — should. Bet be quail in

ovianustiay. ግዜ Moorea, 21 ^ OMAHA a p dece S “happens

QUT UNS dE ሚፍ — a
ons nd. det misCóssury- - dee -pottting - — S cA 3 :

à PES Qon በፎ i

A npud plenty: nr. ዘክ ር La y
Phase Maile tas may Tae: pucr i
ARE “የየ uto etia - 19፡85. Father more *
fen terat - dor: dinnup. - m

a The (040 iege honest wr 11881: qui n GQennda: ' — id xc ል hated, ;
ከክ. eR zRphaenum- moss : 7፡65... 38491 mall wir Ana deri ር ehao (aS Wd nun
pensas. ih sofern “toa aerea uia: Jatrmnetive 18881. Pundecrsu- —

RIN ot: qiadógibivas the - aue cade foghe:
iti Musila. edqun : nt ግ ie EE nS: ደካ) .. oid — anther: pu 354
Shen. suing wetreety- e 69018. 8969 o |:11፡‹. olupe ህየ: pt vannet ani
11 agam rediit. ET ገ፡: dfe Aser. beth Paheut v
ክነ, queéss this ,ሀ07989፡1 ' 6፡4. d.ysitiaeh Einari nre ple quta of
SPRE should. AMhen as quaes diens ded. diste: ጨር: Syete

16 ዘ. house: 2 de fosse DU ኤህ ite ጩጨ pail

98 qure at ae 28805: position - ES
Jasu : dore — tempera tans, - Cand - 2 dé was des Inslycded :
i ne 2 fee Se oe :

R —

ARES 2

18.28 patting: ae

Rope. E arah is ae

uud üuvyestiio ound: - 85 የ8ዮህፍ፡ IDE
at m ; vato thus Mali Kem eund adn
— Al anta. RUGLA

!1ህ ዋክ የንባ F Hrid

Sa m SGMETHNR - z push. Howe

x. ds. Onr (49፡88. 4 —
HIRES Jute obse daye
ave he tuti

cm cba JM ih

ህሎ ae Y iik — ds RIEN —
“tar POR ; Westunibint s ‘Peebury,, ileneesteréldre መን
aeta macrantha. Eles s “amet hers: ከ ን

UM wüiter: Hosting. “phone: Trapa. Ee SA

Oe ME ፡ defen. «Rond. not be: Hu: me

-Angulon Mane pnt. ads his —— yqenstog. (eos ;
GE oer and develop. | c pngabat and: s

Auc thm dati ard ያር ነነ (costis Ur x ERYR: Baik: ‘haw: Plurkbaen.
S ን 29 ርፍ mof: NS yon uiis vest A ሮጸሆህበዘበጻ pstablishod © in

eite sab meg. “The | DOT Bpweriig- pis, ^ Avticb- faul midi ከኩ. darger

js pum ishe quer AE as .ሠ፡]1ኛ prosi
IKE fairy sn vong ከ ን ከ requiring

ng. Boker ከ.

"hiftonik; AC Binsin, A. Ruekect A. — ከ52 yeung. Plats, “plenty of tater should
ny ከይ! Ree the roata und. tn planis should Do
Tooting. plants. aud. Tejur W. retentive comport.

which) may vondist ot eqptal | parte: በኮየብዚጻ| neel. and- በ ን ን ህ፳.
‘foam aad. 1399ኢ6‹(ከበ98-8ክ“.. with! a small partir. — winter. - Yu
vt shopped Bphaguinnanoss and crushed crocks. ue 5 s |

— "n: pool spentmerd thin. Tiumbago.
Ruel w and dec 38. very omental subject <
A -DOp&eycarsuld. PIANO.

And > Slanted: Mss
Jung Uds.

—— back pseude:butbs. Mabe the compost. i aud
plants - 511." ‘thrive: dn A; 8ከ91/ o FF winters
part. at^ ከ5. ' Jnterinedjáte- Jouse ot 85: the — D des Mni ^

Water the Witr i ye Ah best opts s

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282

— መ — — —

spread-out flower of Flame to the more
tubular flower of Golden King; and I breed
with the ‘‘open” ideal before me.

There is also the wide, tea-cup shaped
type which we get in Apogee, Buttercup, and
Apotheose, which seems to be the ideal of
the Dutch firm of Van Tubergen. Lastly,
there are two types which I put down as
American. First, the short-tubed, open-topped
blooms that gave every one of the six
varieties that I had this year an unmistakable
family likeness; California, a sort of bufi-
yellow, and Olivette, a most pleasing mixture
of bright and dull crimson, are examples.
Secondly, the sharp - pointed - petalled type.
Flowers with this characteristic stood out as
something very distinct in the first lot of
American sorts that I grew. They took my
fancy very much, and ever since I have been
trying to produce something of the kind in
my own scedlings. My Lemon Queen, which
received an Award of Merit this year, is
my high water mark in this direction. The
ancient Rocket beside the latest L.M.5.
express engine does not present a greater
contrast than is to be seen between the
Freesia pictured in the Botanical Register of
1816 and these modern flowers which I have
just roughly described. Let them all be
perpetuated; do not let us repeat the
mistake made with Dahlias and discard all
but one solitary type.

COLOUR.
It is a mistake to believe that weather,
climate, environment, and insect life do better
work than man. Compare the beautiful

flowers growers have been the means of pro-
ducing with their prehistoric beginnings! It is
only & make-believe to pretend to like the
wild flowers of nature at the expense of
man-made ones.

It is very wonderful what has been done
with colour in Freesias. There may never
be à Forget-me-Not blue, but in Mr. Dalrymple's
Wistaria we have a Michaelmas Daisy blue.
We may never get a sealing-wax red but in
the American Olivette there is true crimson.
When F. aurea was first flowered at Colchester,
did anyone visualise such a deep yellow as
Orange King? Then think how the pale
Primrose hue of F. Leitchlinii has become
the deeper-toned and larger Apogee and
Treasure. And lastly, how Armstrong's lucky
find of a washy pink-mauve has blossomed
into a Dainty, an Apotheose, a Rosebud, a
Wistaria, and a Rose Prince!

Whites lag behind. Mr. Felton, the
eminent florist, said to me: “We could
do with a good white.” Fischer’s Purity
is the best up to date, with the ex-
ception (?) of Fischeri, which in John
Neheepers (New York) list is stated to be
"the largest and finest pure white available
to-day." I have not seen it, but I am sure
that good as Purity is there is room for
improvement. Joseph Jacob.

A SELECTION OF AMERICAN WILLOWS.

(Continued from p. 204.)

THE next four sections to be dealt with
contain a number of very interesting dwarf
species, especially from the high mountains
of the West and from the polar regions.

. The first comprises the well-known Euro-
pean group Reticulatae, the type of which,
Salix reticulata, was once regarded ከሃ A.
Kerner von Marilaun «as the representative
of the new genus Chamitea. There is,
however, no reason at all to separate this
type from the true Salix. It occupies, of
course, a rather exceptional position, but
this becomes less remarkable by the addition
of N. nivalis. By including 8... leiolepis,
with glabrous ovaries, the characters of these
sections are further changed. The Amcrican
forms of S. reticulata do not differ essen-

. may

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

tially from those of the Old World. This
Willow has the most extensive range of all
the known species. From œa horticultural
standpoint it is an excellent plant for rock-
gardens. And this can also be said of the
other American species of this section. It is
a pity that S. vestita has not been seen
more often in our gardens. The typical
north-eastern form is rather dwarf while the
western var. erecta (also called S. Fernaldii)
forms a stiffer, more erect shrub, occasionally
up to one metre in height.

Of peculiar interest is a species from
Western Newfoundland, S. leiolepis, which
in habit and foliage closely simulates 8.
reticulata and the very dwarfed alpine
extreme of S. vestita; but it differs from
both in the glabrous scales and capsules.
The male sex is not yet known, and it
after all be nothing but a glabrate
variety and rather dwarfed alpine form of
S. vestita. A very small, high alpine Willow

from the Rocky Mountains is 8. nivalis,
one of the nicest Willows for rock-gardens
und not larger than the well-known Euro-

pean S. serpyllifolia. A more vigorous form
of 8. nivalis is var. saximontana (syn. S.
saximontana, S. aemulans) somewhat resem-
bling in its habit 8. retusa. It is widely
spread on the mountains from northern
New Mexico to British Columbia. I have
not yet met with 5. nivalis and §. leiolepis

in European collections, but they ought to
be introduced.
Of the section Herbaceae there are some

very useful American species of much greater
horticultural value than even S. herbacea.
This species is entirely absent from western
North America, while in the east it is
found on the mountains of New Hampshire
and Maine, on the western shores of Hudson
Bay and in western as well as eastern
Greenland. Its range in Europe and Asia is
even more extensive than that of ክ.
reticulata. It is a very homogeneous species,
In gardens it is sometimes found under
the name S. polaris. the true plant of this
name being very rare and somewhat difficult
in cultivation. Whether the American 8,
polaris from the Alaskan coast is really
identical with the typical form I am not
sure. Its systematic position is rather
uncertain too. The same must be said of
S. Uva-ursi, a fine alpine species from
North-eastern America up to South-western
Greenland. It is a peculiar Willow because
its male flowers have only one stamen. I
collected it myself on the White Moun-
tains in New Hampshire, where it forms
one of the main features of the vegetation
in the alpine region. Here 1 met with a
most interesting hybrid of S. Uva.ursi with
S. herbacea; S. Peasei, first collected ከሃ
Pease, described in 1917 by him and Fernald.
As I have already stated in Bot. Gaz. (1919)
I am almost sure that it hus to be regarded
as of hybrid origin. I visited the type
locality, King’s ravine, on September 18,
1918, and I found the Willow growing in
about the altitude given by Fernald on wet
cliffs in company with S. herbacea. S. Uva-
ursi is very common at a somewhat higher
level, but I collected plants of it which
were growing just above the place where I
saw S. herbacea and 8. Peasei close together,
Some plants of it looked much like vigorous
S. herbacea, while others at first sight could
easily be taken for S. Uva-ursi. l brought
living specimens to the Arnold Arboretum,
and I hope they are still there. Both 8.
Uva-ursi and N. Peasci are useful vigorous

dwarf shrubs for the alpine garden. 8.
Uva-ursi is also known as S. Cutleri, and
Lundstroem's S. ivigtutiana from Greenland
is nothing but typical S. Uva-ursi.

Two very graceful, minute species of the
same section are N. phlebophylla und 8S.
Dodgeana. The latter is, so far, only known
from two mountains in Wyoming, while 8.
phlebophylla is an Alaskan. species but also
has been collected. on the Siberian coast of

Bering Strait on Arakam or Kayne Island.

APRIL 25, 1925.

near N. rotundifolia which
islands and both shores of Bering

It is
the

grows on
Sea

and the Arctic Ocean, and above the timber
line on the Pacific coast of Alaska. On all
the three species the old dry leaves usually
last until the second year or even longer.
1 do not know if this would also be the
case under cultivation. None of them has
hitherto been introduced to our gardens.

They, probably, need the same treatment as

S. herbacea or S. retusa, to which they
have been referred by former authors.
N. Dodgeana is a very little known species,

the systematic position of which is
quite understood.

The last Willow of the group Herbaceae
I have to mention is also a peculiar alpine

not vet

species, the true affinity of which is still
somewhat doubtful. It has narrower leaves
than either S. phlebophylla or S. rotundi-
folia, and the male flowers sometimes
possess only one gland. The catkins are
much like those of S. phlebophylla. Accord-
ing to some authors it is more closely
related to 5. petrophila of the next section.
but fron my own observations the old

leaves are persistent in the same manner as
in N. phlebophylla. It would be very
interesting to introduce al these alpine

Willows so that they might be studied in
our gardens.

OTHER ALPINE WILLOWS.
THE next section comprising’ a series of
arctic and alpine Willows is one of the
most dificult of the American. Salices. 11

ought to be named Arcticae, but this name
ean not be used. 1 took up the name
Ovalifoliae for the following six or seven
species, which all need a thorough study of
living plants in their native home as well
as in our gardens. Some of them, like መ.
aretica, have already been in. cultivation,
but most of the plants cultivated under
this name by no means represent the true
S. aretica, 1 have discussed the history of
this species in Bot. Gaz. LXVI (August,
1918), and so far as [ can see it is repre-
sented in the New World only in Alaska.
the Yukon Territory, and the adjacent. part
of the north-west corner of British Columbia.
There is also a rather well marked variety
in southern British Columbia. In the eastern
half of the northern part of the American
continent the true S. arctica is not to be
found. Here we find 5. anglorum, Chamisso
(syn. S. arctica of Rob. Brown, not of
Palas) This is a widespread and variable
American species. From a horticultura!
point of view it is hardly different from 5.
arctica proper. For our gardens we should

try forms like var. kokophylla from New.
foundland; var. araioclada from the Gaspé
Peninsula, British Columbia and Alberta ;
and var. antiplasta from the serpentine
slopes of Mount Albert in the Gaspé
Peninsula. These forms, and the sim/‘lar
species S. petrophila from the Rocky
ountains are certainly useful for our rock
gardens.

This is true, also, of the following

three species, I include in the same group:
S. stolonifera, S. ovalifolia, and 8. groen-
landica. S. stolonifera, from the glacier
region of eastern Alaska, is a peculiar
creeping plant with slender, leafless, sub-
terranean stolons. S. ovalifolia, which
probably inhabits both shores of the Bering
Strait, has some particular form that needs
further study. It would be of great value
to compare it in a living state with 8.
groenlandica or S. arctophila from Western
Greenland, Labrador and Newfoundland.

All the alpine and arctic species of which
I have just written should grow easily under
the same conditions as our European alpine
Willows such as N. retusa, and 8. reticulata.
They may be raised freely from cuttings or
stolons, which could be sent to Europe
from their native countries. Camillo Schneider.

(To be continued.)

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35 water and bog plants. 12 atta ber: :5, ATE
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55 ያዘጋ you the ‘Governor * for ወ seven daps: Free. Trial WE AUT —
JOHN “SHAW & SONS. WOLVERHAMPTON. LTD. (Dept. eh
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The Library Press, ui

24 Minerva House,
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d i Please send me '" My. Garden. Bonk! i ፡፡
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0088፳5 PLANTS.

` BARDY SCOTCH GROWN

' ጠር requiring. —— T

Dahlias, Pansies, Violas, Hardy Her: |

| baceous and Alpine Plants should-

consult our Plant Catalogue, Ton |.

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284

EDITORIAL NOTIOES.

ADVERTISEMENTS should be sent to the
PUBLISHER, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

Special Notice to Correspondents.—The Editors do
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rgent Communications.—// sent by. telegraph, these

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telephone, to Gerrard, 1543,

tions.—The Editors will be glad lo receive and to

ashe pgs errem or drawings suitable for reproduction,

of gardens, or of remarkable flowers, trees, etc., but they
cannot be responsible for loss or injury.

Editors and Publisher.—Our correspondents would
obviate delay in obtaining answers to their communi-
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Publishing and Editorial, are distinct, and much un-
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Letters for Publication as wel! as specimens of plants
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ommunications should be WRITTEN ON ONE SIDE
ONLY OF THE PAPER, sent as carly in the week as
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good faith.

THE GARDEN IN ANTIQUITY

V.—THE HANGING GARDENS OF
BABYLON.

COME now to speak of those far-
| famed gardens which were at one time

reckoned among the wonders of the
the ancient world. They have been described
as one of the few truly poetic creations of
the age, and as being poetical alike in their
nature and in the circumstances from which

they arose. And, on the other hand, they
have been spoken of as a monstrous
invention. But before dealing with the

particular gardens which became so famous
in history, we must try and learn something
of the earlier history of the craft. We gather
that this kind of garden was known in
Assyria as early as the days of Sennacherib,
being introduced into Babylonia at a com-
paratively late date. Although often described
by historians, Layard seems to have the
honour of being the first to bring to light
the actual remains of these strange devices ;
or the original representations of the same,
still found on the monuments of antiquity.
Thus, at Kouyunjik, he discovered a temple
in connection with the north palace, occupy-
ing the top of a mound covered with trees of
two different kinds and watered by artificial
streams. On the right is the picture of a
hanging garden which has been raised to the
level of the temple by means of maso
supported on an arcade, the arches of which
are of the pointed type and not rounded.
The trees are conventional, but seem to me
to represent the Palm and the Pomegranate.
It has been suggested (says Rawlinson) that
the Assyrians applied the two kinds of
arches to different purposes, the pointed
being used for wnderground work where
there was great pressure, and the
round above ground. But “ this ingenious
theory is scarcely borne out by the facts.
The pointed arch is used above ground for
the aqueduct and hanging garden, where the
pressure, though considerable, would not have
been extraordinary."

Readers of Xenophon will recall the great
Cyaxares, with whom the even greater Cyrus
was so intimately associated as a youth. He
was the father of Amytis, who was wedded
to Nebuchadnezzar, King of Babylon, The

usually accepted story is that when the
Median princess reached her new home she
pined for the mountains of her native

land with their verdant bowers and cooling

shade. ‘ Whereupon her royal lord, with a
chivalrous gallantry that would have done
honour to a far later time, ordered the

construction of an artificial hill disposed in
terraces which, being covered with a layer
of earth, were planted with the handsomest
trees, amidst which on the topmost terrace
a villa-like residence was erected for the
queen, where she could enjoy, not only purer
air and pleasant shades, but a vast and
beautiful prospect. If this pretty legend be
true—and why should we deny ourselves the
pleasure of believing it, since there is nothing
to disprove it—the woman so loved might
well feel compensated for the loss of her
native scenery.”

From the early Greek and Roman authors
we learn that the terraces were supported
by pillars and pointed arches, all of
which were made of bricks, either dried in
the sun or baked in kilns and cemented
together or laid in bitumen. Layers of
lead also were placed between the masonry
and the soil to prevent the water used in
irrigation from percolating into the joints.
Tho terraces are said to have been four in
number, and the remains which have been
examined confirm the statement that the
pillars were twenty feet in circumference and
sixty feet apart. The Greek writers use for
these gardens tho name Paradeisos or
Paradise, a word whieh they borrowed from
the Persians. Long before the days of
Nebuchadnezzar, however, they were figured
on the walls of Assyrian palaces in the
sculptures which came to light during the
nineteenth century, and they seem to have
originated in remote ages in Chaldaea, whence
the idea spread to other capitals. It would
seem that they were connected with the
religious traditions of the Holy Mountain
and the Sacred Tree.

It has to be admitted that we are here
in the region of myth and legend: fact and
fancy being about equally divided. That
hanging gardens, so-called, really existed in
very ancient times cannot be doubted since

they are constantly mentioned by reliable
historians, besides being represented in art.
But who originated them, and for what

purpose, it is now impossible to say. We
have them put to the credit of the mythical
Queen Semiramis, for example, who is said
to have built numerous cities, among which
was “the city of Babylon with all ita
wonders. She constructed the hanging
gardens in Media, of which later writers
give us such strange accounts.” . Although
attributed by others to Nebuchadnezzar,
there is no reference to them in any of
his inscriptions thus far brought to light,
and it is very doubtful, in spite of the
statements of Ctesias and others, whether
this monarch really erected them. From
Layard, George Smith, Rawlinson, and others
we learn that such artificial works were not
uncommon in the East, and it is possible
that they were originally due to the
initiative of some great Assyrian monarch.

* In the palace of Asurbanipal, at
Kouyunjik, which was discovered and exca-
vated by Rassam, was a room, the
bas-reliefs of which were devoted to scenes
illustrating that King's Babylonian war, one
of which shows a garden laid out on a
slope, and continued above on a structure
of vaulted brickwork, an arrangement fairly

in accord with the description of the
Babylonian hanging gardens given by
Diodorus and Pliny; and it is noteworthy

that the latter (whose Natural History should
be consulted in this connection) attributes
them to a Syrian (Assyrian) king who
reigned at Babylon, and built them to
gratify a wife whom he greatly loved. This
bas-relief was regarded by Sir Henry
Rawlinson and George Smith as representing
the hanging gardens at Babylon, and a
neighbouring sculpture, which shows a series

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

APRI. 25. 1925.
of fortified walls, as well as a palace,
probably represents the walls of the city as
they were in the time of Asarbanipal."

What the plante were which the royal
gardeners planted in these gardens we
gather in part from the sculptures them-
selves, and in part from the inscriptions.
The Date Palm was introduced at a very
early period from Arabia, and like the Vine,
was represented as the Tree of Life, or one
of the sacred trees. The Fig tree, also
introduced from abroad, was freely cultivated,
as was the Pomegranate and one or more
of the Citrons. In tanks and artificial pools
the favourite Lotus was carefully tended, and
other Liliaceous plante, such as Nymphaeas,
Nelumbiums and Liliums were found either
in the tanks or on the terraces. The
allusions of Horace and other Roman poets
to Persia and Babylonia lead to the inference
that the Romans and Greeks were indebted
to a great extent to the East for their love
of flowers and the use they made of
arlands in their temples and at their
estivals and entertainments; all of which
goes to confirm the statement that the
Assyrians, Babylonians, and Persians were
already famous for their garden-craft.

Among their highly-prized plants was the
Basil (Ocimum), of which much has been
written since it was described upwards of a
century ago in the Asiatic Researches founded
by Sir W. Jones. Under the name of Tulsi
or Tulasi it is constantly mentioned by
writers on Oriental plant-lore and kindred
subjects. Another plant with which these
early gardeners were undoubtedly familiar
was the Cyclamen, one form of which, as
the name Persian Cyclamen implies, comes
from the East. The Hyacinth, which Hafiz
and other poets liken to the tresses of
their heroines, may be added. The Iris also.
was pretty certainly known; but here our
list must close. Hilderic Friend.

a

GARDEN NOTES FROM SOUTH-WEST
SCOTLAND.

GARRULITY 18 a privilege, if not the
prerogative, of elderly amateurs. If a gossip
is at hand we chatter endlessly about our
plants; if there is none within earshot, we
crave the hospitality of the press.

Surely Mr. Clarence Druce errs in stating
(page 241) that Daphne Mezereum and D.
Laureola do not usually flower simultaneously.
In the woods here both species have been
in flower since the last week of January.
D. Laureola springs freely self-sown; but D.
Mezereum is esteemed palatable. by rabbits,
and has to be shielded by wire netting.

No colour in the flower border at this
season (April) attracts more admiration than
the soft, but scintillating, hue of Tulipa
Kaufmanniana *'Brilliant." This remarkable
variety looks as though the pale yellow
perianth of the typical flower had received
a rich wash of rose madder, the result being a
luminous tint which I do not know exactly
matched in any other flower, the brilliancy
being much enhanced by a cluster of large,
rich yellow anthers. When planted near the
yellow-flowered form the result is & very
agreeable contrast of colour, which is much
enhanced by the proximity of Muscari conicum
* Heavenly Blue." T. Kaufmanniana has one
quality—that of comparative permanence—
which distinguishes it from most of the
Asiatic Tulips whereof I have any experience.
These soon die out if left in the open border:
but Kaufmann's Tulip, though it may not
increase from offsets, comes up regularly to
lead the van of the genus.

A pretty kind of Comfrey has formed a
broad mat here behind a label inscribed
Symphytum tuberosum, but I cannot identify
it with that native species, which is described
by Bentham and Hooker as having cymes

owes 25. 1828-.

— à p h

^ amd — aA. duds
Othe: TIRE TONNISE 6፤ Pyle 19 ከበ fiery,
MoN, PE Hi Woarherea Hidh Ri A DUE
mam Be Hise 84፡1 ‹6% gren "enn —
teo ror pehs- und [196768 . ን ር.

2337...
MR —— — in June and dul * 9.

Whereas: Qu. plant dé never annm Thin: ix
"mehe& high, Hower voniipuoust from January..
4e Apri and : theg owsr& are bright: 880165...
dn ጨጨ jopetimo dax sulphur : eeodaur, eeh.
segini OF the: torille big - ppal: mith.
በያዘ; 2 di row m S uon ur. when Shite
obec bates dere; he ነን ‹ዓ91፡.. tle bie: |
| hayihg - amer c Of thay ES Reet e: At
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፲6. 896913: be wid 4, Ron. | yexierab/ —
aps Simul ^ Te: rade: b Mie | ገኤ Deco M s
, bene qum, "s cévtard wh ich: ime c k ——

ONCE iie ከሠ. በለጨ adde: a
fist hire TS CR dmvers ena Ld A
| planted Wi. dritte iry | አዚዚ, «Here. o
“soil is. to is Fancy, ከ5 dri eges. — "het -
‘hy seeds and onsets. Whetever tds romig
‘Snowdrop ‘deurishes amd spreeds tànd that 88.
aot everysehere) tha: Spriug Snowflake. makes -
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RE ds ከ

‘planted in "mixture, thei: reveta blancs | to-bheh..

other: producing ' ni. unpleweny jar. Tbe
ae Vagnar, ከ«6በይደ bwe ot. threm Bowers -
5 4 orndacidew Brattly ^ dnos tame AES
town ሼከ. (ከ. Sno wdtop z X dnt. D e "yernam
cud dus vatbAy carputienun: ans later, and are.
ab. TOOK ር ከህ vine ከ949 898ቦ፻8 ሰያ. puasing

Wr UE Sloan, dns | "Narcissua :
us Poe መካህ...
oe fa p t mper. ከ6. 8585 Hower Tore

. fanmary (du) E markia (hab Rewer, T

;cendured | ‘every’ vicissttude: af inti, “rains ክበ. —

በካበ frost, nor was it inal Appl a thet thes
.. ሇጩፀከጹጽ “showed | Xhe first ayntpton ^ ef ን
; — ‘roniained panii t ne yen

Last Year እ Ais w ee — da oe z

| ተዘይ

— aad qu: zb — po. eni ነ

det. 6568.
oreepagte arth in whieh tec Bre

wherein የከ storm af cur qan | brudielies, und

Dod dit adr “898119 amand ghé voots ato
KERES
"qerouuid Hie ikarea]
Miss giethiod. -

“provide: WAPIGE wr det. the ue When: fiur —— placed on sheds: 0፲ . large: pieces. ?
, ghe. MEOQU s —— — 55 poris voke, eighteen; 4ስቦከቦጹ deep: ^ Phe
BD Oy: deir “ሠ. the : inue | nee. cuori “bake i. — beet. Ur ater. (Hs J———

+ ym

els. ORA * m:

GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

-

ut hey — ገ hal. Y — uk "ወፁ: A

aide of the Hanas On. return. pipes. ak

/Uytnhidiume: FACET Jorge: mM. “ile: Tae fase ater ው drm. Bratinas ai phe wa bu 6m.
881 mostly 16. India. They prow. duc the “ohoh Aids. veas
abad. jb trees 16 gountries ike Burma, — arene n 291. PM vpn

SS Ahere pha: GET 15 Chat, Trak: “wher. - án dec jn - 3 Bey SUED Ya tht ies, - rrying ጠረ. 200
ennt, dde — dà በና8 አርሸ coner. hari spikes, and: more. than: 2,000 flowers, - Mn
>the cal. ci 31. - exigent, "fheretore. that theo exhibited nto the የ188! haw: —n
Jeitendatiou | A pes Asc a: Around de: fonts. cs Hurrivutiural Society
it. /ከክኒክህር vt upi ard etie Waves, ari “1.81. Hall, 39),860ኪ.....

hs; ከ605. grow ese: pant. nu the ‘pollivation: at: በክ. —
the hogse w “kept: Taipe enl, ፤ ‘with: arate:
EO ant gb. dh. 196. sirculaticn «፪፻ qur. mU 496 Sop € winhwliume i
Our experiment revetues ` regire.. goad: “drainage » are dires. hie Y T
We grow the: panis epdl anik provided. by having the pots’ contaming . “thie | ^

dtowet: Apis.

"bottom. med

— mre?

2:2” መ: aet tn Cfi oty meme 7 *"-.

agr a ————

f A ክን ን s 1 i 1
Eod F

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pm rw -
T AM

Earliest. vim b E :

; P cacedfi. Chronicle bout thd propagation bbs

oth -

5 core) How drop- alant hüs. nits ay v
... dodbt being ;expredkel "by some ut + ycw o ^o ከ68
Jedmespondents. whether it spread. .8ር]-80ህሀዚ ነዳ TN

[5 ህቧከ5 by offsets 4)! such doubt may be

o .ጠጋመስከጭዚ፡ e ispectiqn of sur c places des are s

| fuvournble: tà the: inerease. ot this pleat, Schere QE

qt owl be evident that wok
— lawl: d hontai - 46:18, but that
Mes aed wh Hawer. bared faded tha. ateni Wave
ሰደ]. wany of. thei: beig
' iS irm. hereby ' tes verpeis 6

Rai 50፡1.

bw have. the- E»

Hyer 8. war past

dischare. Hise seeds. well Pfexr. at: Hie Pam ፪ ፡

aa hit 410/5187 fresh around: -

5 48. Month. Ayrabive, .atimide

HOS Bo taa tt
d de. YE man sin never inve. planted: them.
M aud adieu dese hn “የዘበኛ trivia. MEME: day
UIS s: 1 — — Montam

በዘ — LJ LEANINGS.

ለጄ EXPE TuMENT with costs

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286

THE

GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE.

APRIL 25, 1925.

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

The Romance of the Fungus World.*

THE authors of this account of the ከኮ
and work of Fungi have had the courage
to write simply of things which are

generally left to the learned to describe in
language of scientific obscurity. There are
many books on Fungi written by the expert

for experts and of them not a few are
excellent, but there are few which give
uccurately and simply the strange ከ nd

interesting facts about this remarkable group
of plants. Yet there must be a large
number of people who would like to know
something about the Toadstools and other
Fungi which are so widespread that every
rotting tree trunk or sodden fence rail is
covered with them. Here in this volume
the curious may learn what the unsophis-
ticated and the sophisticated think about
fairy rings. Shakespeare was very clear
about their origin and the dependence of
Mushrooms in general on supernatural
creation

* You — puppets, that
By moonshine do the green sour ringlets make,
Whereof .the ewe not bites; and vou, whose
pastime
Is to make midnight Mushrooms.’
The learned on the other hand trace
fairy ring to the migration of a fungus and
ascribe the rankness of the outer grass and
the blasted appearance of the grass within
the ring to the toxic action of the fungus.
So we may take our choice of explanations.
Yet those who converted by science can no
longer entertain the superstitions which older
races perhaps believed and certainly enjoyed,
may find ample exercise of wonder in the
authors! account of the actual life of Fungi,
their variety of form and the strange
relationships which have been established
between Fungi and other plants. On the
roots of all manner of forest trees are
Fungi to be found. There are the mycorrhiza

tlie

From these pages the
learn all kinds of fungus-
lore and so pleasantly is the knowledge
imparted that it cannot fail to whet the
readers appetite for more. If of a practical
turn of mind the reader may discover how
large u part Fungi play in country legends;
if prouuc he may learn. how at Corsham,
Wiltshire, hundreds of tons of one fungus—-
the common Mushroom-—are raised daily in
disused quarries lit by electric light, with
galleries. connected with picking stations by
telephone, and Mushroom beds — extending
over nearly thirty acres. Or he may. in
imagination, go Truffle hunting under the
expert guidance of the authors or learn
how the Japanese carry on tbe Nhii-take
industry by cultivating Mushrooms on the
pulped logs of the Shii-tree, Quercus cuspi-
data, or other Oaks. ላክ] so by the time
he reaches the end of the volume the
reader may be by no means disinclined to
join the ranks of those who make the study
of Fungi a hobby, and if so, as we under-
stand it. the ultimate object of the authors

which it enjoys.
curious reader may

will be achieved. They learned their fungus
lore from one of the great masters of the
eraft, the late George Massee, and fired by

his enthusiasm they do well to hand it on
to others and to strive—as we think effec-
tually—to quicken the love for all nature's

handwork in the minds of their disciples.

HARDY FLOWER BORDER.
THE HOLLYHOCK.

produce
Formerly

GooD cultivation is necessary to
robust, healthy plants of Hollyhocks.
named varieties were propagated by grafting,
division, and from cuttings, and these were
especially liable to attacks of the disease
enused by the fungus. Puccinin malvacearum.

—fungus mantles that cover the roots and Seedlings grown on clean ground are not so
somehow or other help the trees to live jin susceptible to the disease, and this method
places which might otherwise be inhospitable 18 now chiefly followed by growers. Formerly
to them. Then. of course, there are the the double varieties were propagated by
Lichens, those marvellous examples of plant grafting, which was done both [ከ autumn
partnership ; fungus and alga living together and and spring, whenever suitable scions were
by the mere fact of their association able to available. Large. numbers of seedling Holly-
live in situations wher neither might thrive hocks were raised to provide roots from
alone. The fungus-alga partners of Lichens Which suitable stocks were selected. Whip
break down rock and make from it the vr splice grafting was favoured and great
beginning of soil; without them and their Care taken to perform the work quickly, as
pioneer work the world, for all we know. if the parts were allowed. to become dry,
might never have achieved the fertility failure resulted. The grafted stocks — were

~ placed in small. pots and then plunged in
* The Romance of the Fungus World. ላክ account of propagating cases in which a gentle bottom
—— Be — ees. LUN ic la heat was maintained until the union was
Chapman and Hall, 1925. Price 12s. 6d. complete.

NEW HYBRID ORCHIDS.
(Continued from March 14, p. 182.)
Name. Parentage. | Exhibitor,

Brasso-Cattleya Warnham Beauty

B.-C. Digbyano-Mossiae x C. Tityus ... xw

2.“ጋ ጊ e s. |

C. J. Lucas, Esq.

Cattleya Capitol — ... — S ... Trianae ignea ።፤ Syros Sanders.
Cattleya Edith * — eel poe dae * Jupiter : m ess ...- Je. & A. McBean.
Roebling x Dupreana.., me an . VF. Bauer. Baden.

Cattleya Hermann Sielke n p E Sn
Cattleya Jupitus m FN ET
Cymbidium Phyllis
Cymbidium Tityus...
Cymbidium Zebra
Cypripedium Aurcoma
Cypripedium Bandemona
Cypripedium Gunde
Cypripedium Opal .
Dendrobium Griselda A. Fox
Dendrobium Kennobile ... -
Dendrobium Mary J. S. Hanbury E
Dendrobium Matthewsianum -
Odontioda Viscountess Folkestone
Odontoglossum Clodagh ...
Odontoglossum Falstaff

Alexanderi x J.
Woodhamsianum
Drvyad x»
aureum »
Bantam x
Carola ~x
Moonstone -
nobile nobilins x
Kenneth x
chessingtonense

Oda.

Edith x Tityus... m
Davis

insigne Sander Jak —F ር
Desdemona... eu sh E PER 1
Desdemona E hs ahs e" P.
villosum
Sanaederae,
Florence E.
nobile delicatum ee Ga rae F.
x Melpomene ን ee sae
nobile elegans x Xanthoeentrum ...

Coronation x Odm.
Lakiniae x Nathaniel... "T Wut ቿ። ጃጃ R.
Portia x eximillus

J. & A. MoBean.
Sanders.

Armstrong & Brown.
Sanders.

Smith, Esq.
Smith, Esq.

M - bs P. Smith, Esq.
Cookson's variety ... C. Cookson, Esq.
hing T a F. 3. Hanbury, Esq.
J. Hanbury, Esq.
F. J. Hanbury, Esq.
r — $i F. J. Hanbury, Esq.
l'Émpereur ... S. 00K. Gerrish, Esq.
Gerrish, Esq.
Flory & Black.

Alex: inde vi

Odontoglossum Marida * .. Mars x Ida n "M .. 4. a A. MeBean.
Odontoglossum Megan... ማን ..| King Arthur x illustrissimum e — wei ow. A. MeBeas
Odontoglossum Omar ue ..| Princess Mary x Sambo sos * — . 4. & A. MeBean.
Odontoglossum Vuylgroganiae ... Vuylstekeae x Groganiae nn . 4. & A. Mebean.

Sophro-Laclio-Cattleya Heatherwood | L.-C.
Sophro-Laelio-Cattleya Vulcan,

AM Serbia x 8.-[..-('.
L.-C. Dominianujx s8.-L.-(C.

Jo: eph Charlesworth ...
Anzar

Flory & Black.
Flory & Blach.

The cuttings were made about three inches

long with a piece of the old root-stock
attached. They were planted singly in small
pots filled with light, sandy soil. If taken

during the autumn they were placed in cold
frames, shaded, and kept moist until they
were rooted. During the winter the cuttings
were grown with gentle bottom heat.

If raised from seeds sown on prepared bid-
in May, the transplanted seedlings will be
ready for placing in their permanent
positions during the following May. In cold,
wet localities, and on heavy land, it is
advisable 10 sow the seeds in boxes or on
a prepared bed under a frame.

The Hollyhock is a rapid
builds up a large amount of
tissue in a few weeks. A deep, rich
and abundant moisture at the roots arc
essential details of successful) cultivation. A
space of four feet from plant to plant
should be allowed: overcrowding prevents
the healthy development of the foliage.
Fine spikes covered with large flowers are
obtained by removing all the side shoots.
Strong stakes must be provided and the
plants carefully secured to them as thev
develop. A muleh of half-rotted manure is
beneficial and copious supplies of — clear
water are required during the plant's rapid
development. Weak liquid manure frorn
the farm-yard applied twice weekly when
the flower buds begin to show is an
excellent stimulant.

The flower buds
left give fine blooms

grower and
vegetable
soil,

may be thinned; those
which will also show
to the best advantage. Crowded flowers on
the spikes are of shorter duration, especially
during wet weather. Flowers produced on
the extreme tips of the spikes are seldom
good and if the latter are alowed to
de ‘velop the. plant undergoes an unnecessary
strain in. produsing them.

Although the Hollyhock is generally treated
as à biennial the plant may be grown on for
several seasons if desired. On light land in
the southern counties Hollwhocks will survive
the winter in the open, provided protection
of Braeken Fern or other light litter is
afforded them during severe weather. On
heavy loam, or clay, the risk ids too great
and the plants should. be placed in pots and

given the protection of a cold. frame.

Single Hollvhocks grow well and flower
profusely under ordinary conditions. They
seed very freely and self-sown plants are
sometimes seen growing in the most unlikely
places. They are well worthy of a place in
gardens.

Clean cultivation will help considerably in
keeping the disease in check. The same
rust attacks Malvaceous weeds and often the
Musk Mallow (Malva moschata) is affected
by it. Remedies are difficult to apply
effectually owing to the fact that the
disease is seated within the tissues of the
plant, but it may be kept in check by
spraying the plants frequently with a
suitable fungicide. ©. Ruse, The Hyde
Gardens, Near Luton.

PYRETHRUMS.

Pyrethrun in both its
forms is a most valuable
useful for supplying cut
which last for a long time.

wide range of colours in
single and double varieties is
large to please the most fastidious.
also withstand variations of weather,
flowers being unharmed by either the
ravs or heavy rains.

If the first flowers are
as they are faded the
again in the autumn.

Pyrethrums will succeed in any good,
ordinary, stiffish garden soil, but to grow
them well it is necessary to plant them in
rich loam mixed with well-rotted manure,
and in well-trenched, freely drained soil,
with an abundance of water when in the bud

perennial
and double
plant and

THE
sing:e
border
flowers,

The both the
sufficiently
They
their
sun's

as soon
flower

eut
plants

away
will

jAPRE P Ies oe its THE GARDE NERS “CHRONICLE, UPS Potes Na Ter Mn ES ont
a UE Ge) AS — ——————————— —————— — — — — — M — ——À À——M—— —— — * - . — — = -- ==>
፡ Lr E 2 111 1 1 29 M l l ን ; —* TAS ና

POWDER > INSECTICIDE ^ WASH
— .
READY. FOR MIRING. WITA WATER. NA |
age CARTON GALLS yep
| MEDQUGAI L LE ROBERTSON D
| , BERWHAVS TED. HER na | :
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CERTAIN DEATH
TO
GREEN-FLY ^
‘CATERPILLARS

AND ALL OTHER:
INSECT PESTS

ላ

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“Surface ፳፻ the Brass, he it used for re
ere3tipH or otherwise -

E worni Lost Spring! x

COOPERS:

| የበህበና፪ WORMKILLER |

........ጮሹ8.. ናዮ the grass, water. it wail in. umd see.
&- hOWw -

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“Then sweep thn vB. ME

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$ n dertilizea tre መና" kile she uet d [P c ra Fine Varieües of F uchsias; - TIS. * Ne. 3
E — Tey-leaved: eraniums, 7/6
= Gp ንክ በይው Capensis. blue); fe “cach

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ot. yake: habi deerit panet sen “59/7 yon: risjuicértente,-
'ጅ!

Mi WILLIAM COOPER re NEPHEWS, ከፌ.

BERKHAMSTE
Theres 7 ጠይ ወዛ፣ pir ወቸ ሂሪ. T produk- >

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E E A F 1%: ápanésc Vatieties 5
pirante ta behalt -tben warma-mske ax ፆ፤ - | dá Koina Y Warieties; fje;

— Single Varieties, 4d.
2 - “CHRYSANTHEMUMS
: During the last few years, A great advance.

| i3 c E As. mune. a simple water ta. ea Tid: a. io hie een: made

35 bese
SEE ጋ. ው
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id M orders ‘over: be enr post free for ር We 0,

du We COLE & SON,

| 5፻፻ 4, LITIES | [===

i] WEED DESTROYERS

" DAISY. KILLER. በጠ Seid)

GARDENERS

CE መግብ 18 ገጻ, — —

CHRISANT IEMUMS |
(HOUSE aud GARDEN

GREENHOUSE FLOWERING

newer sorti ፍ

FOR GARDEN.

inthe: improvement 9፻ ደደር

; oos Sine avete: pt 1024, e
con Fine Varieties of 1923.

-Varieties inc luding some ‘newer.
New. Single Varieties” XE CARS H 6:
ረ Bet’ Rules Varieties, <

"DAHLIAS.

> — mere (ከ65. varieties), *.es re n
i Decnrative — SPSS S A CER A
| i ces po s ሪጋ e —

E EEAS
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Ait የ. .፻7. Red
ርመ. Dahlia 27/8 -

FUCHSIAS, Ete

white)” V- sack

Jh ኝቶ:

under: that aitiGuht: 641. for postage. v
` Gatalogue free ‘on application.

Midland Road ከሠ
PETERBO ROUGH.

rLEY'S |

Liquid 1 to 86; Powder rte Aet |

sorm, ; v 3

5 |. CHEAL ይ 5085, Lid.,

CHRONICLE.

op ዖ , ሃ "vnm
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NEW tiL USTRA TED.
CATALOGUE FREE.

The Nurseries, CRAWLEY.

[4 NE PLAN 4 |
LAND. SEEDS - |

| — a 10251 የዘ 3o vw
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GAVIN JONES & INGWERSEN |
[ከክ ዘር.

— - ANTONIO DAVANZO, fa.
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F HAND, -HORSE, PONY end. pony.
|, MOWERS. TO SUIT EVERY —— |

: ot io in. — — — ns ji
| mediam ized Gardens art amait cain Grounds : |

MOTOR | ‘MOWERS FACTURED E

— — —
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4 A z —
— — — ብይ” li mei tee Lr i ሇው ው “መ: e i cic

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For Lawns, Te Flowers and

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Bar al. — of, open and Sh.

FUNGICIDES — —
For fingoid: ወል indoors and
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Far use under diu — in ና the soil a :

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New. —— Musis. —
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A

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መሸ SES

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HARDY FERNS.

WHERE hardy Ferns are grown, either in
beds, rockwork, or in corners by themselves,
they should receive attention at this season.
The dead fronds may now be removed and
any necessary lifting and replanting carried
out.

Plantations which need no replanting should
have the surface soil lightly pricked over
and receive a top-dressing of good compost,
in which leaf-mould or other decayed vegetable
matter predominates.

A shady bank is a good position for an
outdoor Fernery, and admits of treatment by
the aid of a few boulders and stones. In
such a position moisture is derived from the
higher soil at the back during periods of
dry weather. and the plants are less liable
to suffer than those planted on the flat.

Such strong-growing Ferns as Polystichum,
Lastrea, and Athyrium require a good depth
of soil, whereas the smaller-growing Hart’s
Tongues, Polypodium, and Rue Fern thrive
in & minium of soil. All appreciate atmos-
pheric moisture, however, and in periods of
dry weather frequent overhead sprayings will
do much to keep the plants healthy and
vigorous. W. Auton.

PUBLIC PARKS AND GARDENS.

CoRPORATION and the War
Memorial Committee propose to carry out
various improvements at the Well Park, at
a total estimated cost of £3,500.

GREENOCK

of Hoole has
with the con-
tennis courts in

Tue Urban District Council
been authorised to proceed
struction of six hard
Alexandra Park.

THe Swansea Parks Committee is
sidering a proposal to procure two or three
of the Goitre Fawr small holdings for a
recreation ground for Killay and Dunvant.
The area comprises some twenty-and-a-half
acres.

con-

WITH respect to the proposal to purchase
the Gunnersbury estate as & public park, the
Town Council of Acton has resolved to make
application to the Ministry of Labour for
sanction to borrow £45,342, the amount of
Acton's share of the purchase money.

WARRENPOINT URBAN District Councit.
has been authorised to acquire lands for a
recreation ground, and it is proposed 10
build a shelter therein.

A SCHEME is on foot to acquire Streatham
(Grove Park, an area of some thirty acres
in extent practically adjoining Streatham
Common. By the acquisition of two other
spaces, one known as the Rookery, which
has already been purchased, and the other
consisting of two fields having an area of
five-and-a-quarter acres, Streatham Grove
will be linked up with Streatham Common,
which has an area of sixty-six acres, and
was gencrously presented to the public by
the Ecclesiastical Commissioners in 1884. The
Rookery has been laid out with great care
and taste, and includes lawns, rock garden,
and old-world flower gardens. Streatham
Grove consists of undulating meadows, con-
taining clumps of fine timber trees flanked
by ornamental shrubberies. The cost of the
estate is £16,000, and already £9,000 has
heen promised towards the purchase money.
The final decision to purchase the land must

be made in six weeks’ time, and efforts
are being made to raise the necessary
amount; the Croydon Council has voted

£2,000 towards the scheme and it is under-
stood that the London County Council will
be recommended by its appropriate com-
mittee to make a substantial contribution.

THE GARDENERS’

APPLE LEAF SCORCH.

RECENT notes in this journal on leaf
scorch of Apple trees have greatly interested
me and I hope the subject will be further
discussed. There is no doubt of the serious-
ness of the trouble, and it is very prevalent.
If the many gardeners who must have
experienced it would only relate all they
could tell about it much valuable information
would result.

It was in August, 1922, that I wrote a
note to a contemporary which I hoped
would provoke correspondence on this sub-
ject. No response being forthcoming, 1
wrote again in September, 1922, and made
there a suggestion that there may be a
connection between leaf scorch and die-
back. To this journal, in March of 1924, I
contributed some notes on leaf scorch and
suggested starvation as the primary cause,
giving the result of some experiments 1
made in my efforts to combat it. I showed
how manure, particularly organic manure,
benefited the trees. This treatment was
continued, with the result that in 1924 the
trees were notable for freedom from scorch,
although we have it on the authority of
Market Grower that it was particularly bad
during that year. As I was not favoured
by the weather, and was working on what
had been a very bad scorch area, I can
only conclude that my treatment—the pro-
vision of organic manure—is proving effective.
My trees, I now consider, are over the
trouble.

No comment was ever made upon
suggestion of a connection between leaf
scorch and die-back. I note, however, that
at Long Ashton the decision has been
arrived at that die-back is not caused by
any disease, but is of physiological origin.
It, in this respect therefore, is similar to
scorch, and there does seem to me a
probability that the cause of scorch if
intensified will give die-back. My experience
of the two is as follows:—1920, no scorch;
1921, bad scorch but no die-back; 1922,
commenced with die-back in the spring,
which I think may be due to the bad
scorch experienced in 1921.

In 1922 manuring commenced and a con-
tinuous diminution of scorch followed. There
was no further sign of die-back. As Murket
Grower informs us that scorch is prevalent
at East Malling on trees generously manured,
clearly starvation is not the only cause,
although my own experience would lead me
to suspect this unless otherwise informed. I
may say that although I have given my
trees all the manure I could get, the
dressings can hardly be described as
generous. It had always to be given with
a thought as to which trees were in slightly
better condition and could thus be given a
trifle less. Here, again, scorch resembles
die-back. It occurs on trees under-manured
and on those generously manured; on trees
in badiy drained land, and in over-dry land.

I had a good deal of experience of die-
back in the tropics, on Rubber and Coffee.
A mycologist, from laboratory investigation,
named a specific fungus as the cause. 1
disputed this as I found the trouble was
in every case traceable to outside causes.
Some of these were boggy land, shallow
soil, over-cropping of Coffee and over-
tapping of Rubber. Further investigations
in the field by the expert caused him to
agree that the fungus was not the causative
agent, but starvation.

A very decided epidemic of die-back of
Oak trees has developed in the last few
years. This, in the opinion of many
observers, is traceable to the injury done
year after year by the plague of caterpillars
which defobate them. This, again, is really
starvation of the tree by the removal of
its food manufactories, and scorch, by its
interference with healthy leaf action could
bring about the intense starvation which
may cause the tree to die back.

my

CHRONICLE.

Aprit 25. 1925.

If die-back can be shown to be due to scorch’
or if manuring, in most cases, cures one or
both, the grower will have a load of worry
taken off his mind. Are there other
instances, besides the one quoted by Market
Grower, of well manured trees developing
scorch? ŒE. Brown, Hillside, Doddington,
Sittingbourne.

Market Grower has kindly sent me a
correction of a misprint in his letter published
on p. 242, in which “no nutrient solution "
should read “no potash in the nutrient
solution," a point with which I dealt in the
second paragraph of my article. He can, of
course, place himself in any company ክሩ
pleases, however mixed it may be. So far
the records of the Long Ashton pot trials do
not seem to have been subjected to analysis:
perhaps, since the value of an experiment
depends upon the validity of the control
experiments, and since no controls are
recorded, there is little to analyse.

My quotations support the contention that
no — is forthcoming that the potash
effect is clear when the plain, rain-water
fed . examples are conaidered. May I also
uote the passage from Messrs. Hatton and

rubb's article. ‘If one takes into account
the nutritional aspeet of Leaf scorch, and
the potash factor recently brought to light
by Mr. Wallace of Long Ashton, the high
percentage of potash shown by most analyses
of the ash of Apples is extremely significant.
Gourley, in his Textbook of Pomology, states
that ‘the ash of Apple averages over one
half of potash, not unlike the other fruits:
however, the analysis shows rather more
variation from ash than has usually been
noticed in the fruits in general." A rather
similar statement is made by Gardner, etc..
in the Fundamentals of Fruit Production.
Taken as a whole, perhaps a gentle
intimation that all is not well with the
potash standpoint. But it is surely not
merely a question of fruit alone; the needs

of root, wood, young wood, leaves, ete.
require attention as well
Where is the deficiency in the potash-

starved tree, is it in leaf or young wood.
and where are records of analyses of scorched
and unscorched trees to be found? Are these
not of prime importance to a potash theory ?
Roberts * gives Apples: — Fruit 0:8-1:9, Young
tree, branches 0-4, roots 0-9, trunks 0-6 parts
per thousand. Pears:—Fruit 0:8-1:8. Young
tree, branches 0-8, roots 1-1, trunks 1-3 parts
per thousand.

This suggests the conclusion that the Pear
has greater potash needs than the Apple,
though the fruits scale much the same.

Turning again to Messrs. Hatton and Grubb,t
we find the total potash of East Malling soil
averaged 0:2951, the available 0:024; that is
the available is practically five-fold Dyer's
efficiency limit, yet a most serious outbreak
of leaf scorch occurred. Evidently if potash
is & determining factor, we shall have to
amend our ideas on the needful “ available `
limits. The potash in the Long Ashton pot
trials was exhibited as sulphate; it is
generally believed that when potassium
sulphate is added to the soil it is probably
not absorbed as such, but becomes converted
to carbonate. or further perhaps to humic
compounds ere it is absorbed: such changes.
as also zeolith conversions, have had little
chance of occurring in these trials.

In the numerous feeding trials that are
being made in connexion with vitamins, a
criterion is the restoration to health of the
diseased animal when the wanting factor is
exhibited; a similar criterion is desirable in
plant -feeding trials. The potash factor in
leaf scorch must remain incertae sedis until
some stringent trials have been devised and
carried out. Meanwhile. one would shrink
from advising expenditure on costly potash
manuring. H. E. Durham.

* Fertility of the Land, New York, 1911.
t Journal of Pomology, iv. p. 76.

Apri 25, 1925.

HARDY FRUIT GARDEN.

PROSPECTS OF THE HARDY FRUIT
CROPS.

WiTH the exception of Apricots and possibly
Pears, the former apparently having suffered
more through the unusual length, rather
than the severity of the winter. there is
promise of good average crops of hardy
fruits. So far as one is able to judge at
present, the outlook is very encouraging, and

good crops are more probable from the
fact that the present spring is a fairly late
one. A mild winter following a wet, cold
summer, led growers to fear a very early

development of the flower buds. but February
and March were colder and the blossoming
has been retarded.

In my immediate neighbourhood the only
comparative failures seern to be Apricots and
Pears, there being very little promise of
bloom on either of these fruit trees. Apricots are
the worst. and their failure may probably be set
down to the cold and sunless summer of 1924.
Apricots in this locality have produced thin
and irregular blossoms, but be the crops
heavy or light, or a complete failure, pinching
and disbudding must not be neglected. As
grubs will soon put in an appearance, all
curled or folded leaves should be pinched to

destroy the grubs, or removed as they
appear.

In some cases, Pears promise to yield
about half the average crop, and if this
results in the individual fruits beimg of
superior size, this is almost better than a
full erop. Peaches, Nectarines, and Plums,
are showing well for fruiting; the trees,
moreover, are remarkably clean and free

from Aphides. Disbudding will soon be the
most important operation calling for attention
on wall trees of Peaches and Apricots.
Disbudding should not be commenced unti
the fruit is large enough to push off the
remains of the decaying flower, and then
the operation should be commenced, eon-
tinued, and ended when the weather is mild
and favourable to a free and rapid flow of
the sap. The shoots on the upper parts of
the most vigorous trees claim attention first,

then the lower parts should be disbudded,
and last of all, trees that have been root-
pruned, transplanted, or which from other

causes show signs of weakness. By deferring
the removal of the shoots and leaves, weak,
but otherwise healthy. trees gain rapidly in
strength, whilst others inclined to a gross

habit may be kept in subjection by carly :

disbudding and pinching.

Plums, except where the buds have been
cleared off by birds, are very promising.
The prospects for a good yield of Apples are

all that could be desired, and, given a
favourable season, these trees are likely to
furnish satisfactory crops. Growers whose

trees suffered badly from maegots last season
will be anxious about the crop this year,
but so far as plenty of blossom buds can
ensure a full erop, that is already attained.
It is somewhat early to gauge with any
certainty, whether bush fruits will furnish
full crops, but the outlook is promising.
Raspberries promise well in length and
strength of cane, though the buds seem
thinner than usual; Currants and Gooseberries
have a full average show of bloom.
Strawberries vary greatly im appearance,

some plants having suffered much, others
little, and some not at all. Those of the

younger plantations. as was notably the case
here last vear. have wintered best. The
foliage of Strawberries in old plantations has
suffered severely since the new vear, especially

where the plants are fully exposed. but
with venial weather we shall probably have
something like an average vield of berries.

Frequent dressings of soot and lime applied

at this season will prove most useful as a
deterrent to slugs, that are so destructive
during June. After several applications of

soot and lime, à clean surfacing of litter on

THE

which the ripe fruits may rest, should ከር
applied.

The annual battle with aphides 18 close at
hand; I do not mean to say that the
growers efforts should cease at any period,
but J] refer more particularly to the insect
in its active state. [ would impress on all
fruit growers. and especially amateurs, (ከር
importance of adopting preventive measures
against aphides, or else attacking them on
their first appearance, instead of wuiting
until they have obtained a firm footing.
ላ mixture of soft soap and Quassia extract
ix a safe insecticide and makes an excellent
wash for svringing Plum trees and any other
fruit trees affected with this troublesome pest.
F. Jordan, Ford Manor | Gardens, Lingfield,
Nurrey.

FRUIT REGISTER.

NECTARINE CARDINAL.

HaimsED by Messrs. T. Rivers and Son, of
Sawbridgeworth, upwards of thirty years ago,
this variety is of such outstanding merit for
its carliness and good forcing qualities, that it
should be included in every collection of
Nectarines grown under glass. 11 is one of
the most constant croppers, rarely failing to
produce a full crop of fruits, which ripen ten
to twelve days earlier. than those of Early
Rivers. The tree is of moderate vizour and
has rather thin foliage. It carries 8 handsome,
large flower and is an exceptionally free
setting variety.

The one serious fault of Cardinal Nectarine
is the liability of the fruits to crack just
ufter the stoning period is over. But this
may be easily overcome by refraining from
svringing from the. stoning period until the
fruits are gathered; an additional precaution

is to thin less severely until the danger is
past. 1 have never found red spider so
troublesome as might be expected, having

regard to the drier conditions and the thin
leaves.

The fruits are of medium size and brilliantly
coloured on all parts exposed to the sun.
The flavour is good, and although not up
to the standard of some of the later
varieties, it is appreciated because Cardinal
gives the first fruits of the season. Careful
gathering is essential. because even when
ripe it is difficult to separate the fruits

from the tree. This is probably an advantage,

as in many varleties a certain number of
fruits are spoiled by dropping, even when
constant attention ia paid to gathering.

J. Wilson, Wisley.

HOME CORRESPONDENCE.

[The Editors do not hold themselves responsible jor
the opinions erpressed by correspondents.)

Carnation Baroness de Brienen. — Being
aware that the practice is open to criticism,
I am pleased to give my reasons for
thinning out the young shoots of Carnation

Baroness de Brienen (sec page 242). This
variety is of very dense habit, and the
usual “stopping” is followed by the pro-

duction of a number of crowded shoots. At
this stage the growth of the plant is some-

what slow and the reasons for thinning out
some of the weaker shoots are two-fold.
Firstly, to encourage growth, and secondly.
to facilitate clean. culture. Red. spider is
very liable to become established in crowded
shoots and is most difficult to eradicate. 1]

have heard of some growers who have given

up growing Baroness de Brienen owing 10
repeated attacks of red spider. It is not
necessary to grow on the plants for two
or three seasons to obtain large specimens,
but where space can be afforded, these
older plants are most useful for supplying
flowers on long, stiff stems. C. Ruse. The

Hyde Gardens, near Luton.

CHRONICLE.

289
SOCIETIES.

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL.

APRIL 21 and 22.—The exhibition on these
dates was a particularly fine one and well

attended. The Hall at Vincent Square was
well filed with exhibits, and the bright
colouring of Daffodils, Polyanthuses, Car-

nations, flowering trees and shrubs, and the
gorgeous hues of the great central group of
Tulips combined to produce a very attractive
display. Novelties were rather numerous, and
among the several medals recommended
there were no fewer than three gold ones.

Orchid Committee.

Present: Sir Jeremiah Colman, Bt. (in the
chair), and Messrs. Gurney Wilson (Hon. Sec.),
R. Brooman White, C. J. Lucas, W. H. Smith,
H. T. Pitt, S. W. Flory, F. K. Sander,
H. G. Alexander, J. E. Shill, John Cypher,
Charles H. Curtis, W. H. Hatcher, A. McBean,
T. Armstrong, and R. G. Thwaites.

FIRST-CLASS CERTIFICATE.

Odontiodu Orestes var. Butterfly (Odontioda
Coronation x» Odontoglossum percultum).—A
beautiful hybrid with seventeen large and
shapely blooms. The ground colour is rich
deep red, with white or pink markings and
deeper margins. The lip is white, with red
markings around the handsome golden yellow
disc. Shown by J. J. Botton, Esq. (gr. Mr.
Lyne), Claygate Lodge, Claygate.

AWARDS oF MERIT.

Cattleya Schriderae var. Hercules.—A beau-
tiful form of a lovely and fragrant old
species. It has broad segments and a deep
mauve and yellow shading in the lip. Shown
bv Messrs. STUART Low AND Co.

Laelio-Cattleya Orange Blossom var. mag-
nifica (L.-C. Elinor x L.C. Trimyra).—-A
glorious Orchid with splendid flowers of a
rich light orange-yellow colour throughout.
The petals and lip have frilled margins.
The plant shown carried a spike of five
blooms. Shown by Sir GEORGE Horronp
(gr. Mr. H. Alexander), Westonbirt, Tetbury,

GROUPS.

Messrs. Stuart Low AND Co. contributed
a pleasing display, but did not pay much
attention to the ground work or setting of
this exhibit. In the centre they had several
capital plants of Laelio-Cattleya G. S. Ball,
with sixteen of its rich orange-coloured
flowers; Dendrobium densiflorum, D. thyrsi-
florum, and D. Brymerianum were prominent,
as also were Cattleya Schréderae var.
Hercules—very fine—and in the foreground we
noted the quaint Cirrhopetalum cornutum
and the lovely little Sophronitis grandiflora.
(Bronze Banksian Medal).

Baron B. ScuRODER (gr. Mr. Shill), The
Dell Park, Egham, exhibited superbly grown
Dendrobiums, including lovely flowers of D.
Model and some seedlings from it, also
two splendid specimens of D. Thwaitesiae,
smothered with yellow flowers, one carrying
fifty-five blooms.

Messrs. Cowan showed a grand flower of
Brasso-Cattleya Apollo, Odontoglossum ex-
imillus, and Miltonia Bleuana.

Odontioda Orestes var. Butterfly,
seventeen lovely flowers on a fine
was shown by J. J. Borron, Esq. (gr.
Mr. Lyne), who also exhibited Odonto-
glossum Exworth, with intense dark chocolate
flowers. Messrs. FLoRY AND BLACK sent two
handsome plants, one of Cattleya Prince
Shimadzu and one of Laelio-Cattleya Montrose
of fine form and colour.

Messrs. CHARLESWORTH AND Co., Haywards
Heath, put up a small group in the Orchid
annexe, but although it was not an exten-
sive exhibit, it contained splendidly grown
and finely-flowered specimens of this firm's
specialities in Odontoglossums, Odontiodas

with

spike,

290

— — M — — — ——

and Laelio-Cattleyas. All the planta repre-
sented high culture and their arrangement
was very pleasing (Silver Banksian Medal).
Floral Committee.
Section A.—Present: Messrs. H. B. May

(in the Chair) Arthur Turner. Donald
Allan, Hugh Dickson, M. C. Allwood. E. R.
Janes, J. B. Riding, F. Streeter, F. G.
Cousins, D. Ingamells, D. B. Crane, W. B.

Gingell, Chas. E. Pearson, J. F. McLeod

and W. D. Cartwright (Sec.).

Section B.—Present: Mr. Chas. T. Mus-
grave (in the Chair), Sir Wm. Lawrence and
Messrs. W. J. Bean, G. W. Loder, G.
Reuthe, Geo. Harrow, W. B. Cranfield,
Reginald Cory, A. Bedford, T. Hay, F. G.
Preston, E. H. Wilding, G. Yeld, Clarence
Eliott, E. A. Bowles and H. T. MoeLaren.

FIRST-CLASS CERTIFICATE.

Prunus Sargentu.—This lovely pink-flowered
species was introduced from Japan by Prof.
Sargent in 1893. 'The plant is free-flowering,
of good habit, and the newly-opening leaves
are bronze-tinted. Shown by the Hon.
VicARY Gisss (gr. Mr. E. Beckett), Aldenham.

AWARDS of MERIT.

Hose Roselandia.—A beautiful Rose with
long, handsome buds, and flowers made up

of very broad petals. The colour is clear
yellow. The long stems, good form, and
substance suggest that this variety may

become popular for market cultivation. Shown
by Mr. WALTER STEVENS, Hoddesdon.

Hippeastrum Black Beauty.—This is a በከር
form, and the colour is intense dark, shiny
crimson. l

Hippeastrum | Iceberg. —A lovely pure white
variety of superb form and fine size. There
is a little green shading in the centre.

Hippeastrum Pink Blossom—Another grandly
formed flower, indeed, all the segments are
very broad and overlapping. The colour is
brilliant cerise-pink, with green centre and
a white band on the lower part of the
inner segments. These three Hippeastrums

were raised and shown by Sir GEORGE
Hotrorp (gr. Mr. Clark), Westonbirt,
Tetbury.

Rhododendron sphaeranthum.—This is one of
Mr. F. Kingdon Ward’s finds (K.W. 3998)
and is unlike the usual type of Rhododendron.
The narrowly linear-lanceolate leaves are
green above and whitish beneath in the young
state. The small, slightly-fragrant flowers,
less than a half inch across, are blush
coloured and borne in close terminal heads,

suggesting a 'Pimelea or a small Kalmia.
Shown by the Marquis or HEADFORT
(gr. Mr. W. E. Trevithick), Headfort, Kells,
Co. Meath.

Gladiolus Mackinderi.—A distinct species of
tall growth and very early flowering. The
upper part of the stems are purplish and
the bracts purplish - brown. The flowers are
bright orange-salmon. The plante are
from Kenya Colony and brought home by
Sir J. Ramsden. Shown by Sir J. RAMSDEN
(gr. Mr. G. Taylor), Bulstrode Park, Bucks.

Iris Wattii.—A strong growing Iris of the
I. japonica type. It is evidently a very
strong grower, as one stem and spike was
over four feet tall. The flowers are flat,
white, with a yellow crest on each of the
falls. Shown by Mr. W. H. WALTERS, Coles-
borne Gardens, Gloucestershire.

Rhododendron Elsae.— A splendid hybrid
between R. grande and R. Falconeri. In
general appearance it greatly resembles the
latter parent. The big leaves are shining
green above and fawn coloured beneath. The
big bell shaped flowers are white. semi-
transparent, with a purple stain in the base;
the trusses are of huge size and carry about
twenty ftowers. Shown by Mr. G. REUTHE.

Rhododendron Muriel.-—Another superb hybrid
of the Faleoneri type with big bells carried
on long stems in huge trusses. The big
leaves are dull green above and lightly

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

rufous beneath. | In general colour the
flowers closely resemble those of R. Falconeri,
but they are broader and have longer
pedicels. The raiser is unknown. Shown by
Lady Loper, Leonardslee, Horsham.

Rhododendron Garnet.—A handsome Javanico-
jasminiflorum hybrid. A very fine specimen
was shown, carrying about a score of trusses
of blood-red flowers. This is a greenhouse
plant. Shown by Sir GEsoRaGE Ho urorp.

Stachyurus — praecox.—This is a somewhat
dwarf Japanese shrub which bears its small,
pale fyellow flowers in racemes during the
early months of the year. In mild seasons
it may begin to flower so early as February.
It is deciduous and blooms while leafless.
the flowers being borne on the drooping
racemes, set about an inch apart on the
reddish stems. From ten to twenty flowers
are carried on each raceme. A very pretty,
hardy, early-flowering shrub.

Stachyurus chinensis.—This 18 the Chinese
representative of S. praecox. It ia of
stronger and less elegant growth, and its
flowers are of duller appearance than those

of the Japanese species.

Berberis stenophylla vur. coccinea.—An effec-
tive garden variety, with semi-double flowers,

which are orange-coloured on the outside
and yellow within. The three foregoing
plants were shown by the Hon. Vicary

GiBBs (gr. Mr. E. Beckett), Aldenham House,
Elstree.
GROUPS.

A fascinating collection, largely of alpine
plants, was exhibited by the Hon. VICARY
GiBBS (gr. Mr. E. Beckett), Aldenham House,
Elstree. To relieve what might otherwise

have been the flatness of the lowly rock
garden plants there were several delightful
mounds of deciduous Azaleas. The chief

sorts were Azalea Yodogawa, Double Mauve,

of considerable clegance and charm, and
Azalea amoena varieties. The principal
alpines were Saxifraga Letchworth Beauty,

S. Dr. Ramsey, S. Aldenham Pink; Primula
rosea grandiflora, P. Forrestii, P. marginata,
P. chionantha and a magnificent pair of
P. denticulata. Besides these there were
goodly examples of Bellis sylvestris, Daphne

neapolitana and = various Anemones (Gold
Medal).
On the opposite side of the entrance

Messrs. J. CHEAL AND Sons had a graceful
group of flowering shrubs. Pyruses of the
Malus floribunda type were freely shown
and these included graceful sprays of
P. spectabilis Kaido and P. floribunda purpurea,
Prunus Hisakura, Cydonia Maulei, Magnolia
conspicua, M. stellata and a heavily berried
plant of Aucuba japonica vera were also of con-
siderable interest (Silver-gilt Banksian Medal).

Japanese Cherries of great charm were
shown by Messrs. HILLIER AND SONS. -
Prunus serrulata Sekiyama (P. Hisakura)

and P. Sirotar (P. Mount Fuji) were repre-
sented by several particularly grand bushes.
The true Ceanothus rigidus and Lomatia
ferruguinea were also worthy of admiration
(Silver Banksian Medal),

In & group near the gallery Messrs. L. R.
RussELL, Lro., exhibited several varieties of
Wistaria, Azalea Hinodegiri, a variety of
Clematis, and the uncommon Strelitzia
regina (Silver Banksian Medal). Hydrangeas
in good varieties, Pyruses, the fragrant
Staphylea colchica and Lilacs were attractively
staged by Messrs. R. AND G. CUTHBERT
(Silver Banksian Medal).

Large numbers of excellent cut sprays of
Rhododendrons were arranged by Messrs. R.
GILL AND Son. R. Ernest Gill, R. arboreum
album, H. Ivorianum and R. Teysmannianum
were especially prominent. The Norfolk Island
Forget-me-not (Myosotidium nobile) and many
St. Brigid Anemones were also shown by
this firm. (Silver Banksian Medal). Mr. G.
REÉvTHE also showed an interesting variety
of early flowering Rhododendrons, and
amongst many alpines were included Cyclamen

APRIL 25, 1925.

repandum, Shortias, Sanguinaria canadensis,
Calypso borealis and Anemone fulgens (Silver
Banksian Medal).

Amongst a particularly ‘interesting alpine
plant collection Mr. CLARENCE ELLIOTT
included several valuable Auriculas and allied
plants. The principal varieties were Primula
Mrs. Wilson, P. pubescens Ladybird and P.
Zuleika Dobson. The pretty little white-eyed
Gentiana verna was splendidly shown, as also
were Saxifraga (ireisbachii Wisley var., S.
Riverslea, Petrocallis pyrenaica and Viola
Bluestone (Silver-gilt Banksian Medal).

Daphne rupestris grandiflora, Saxifraga
Gusmusii, S. palmata and Cytisus Ardoinii
were prominent in a group arranged by
Messrs. R. TUCKER AND Sons (Silver Banksian
Medal). Anemone apennina, Armeria caes-
pitosa and Iris azurea were noted in the
collection of Messrs. W. H. ROGERS AND
Son (Silver Banksian Medal).

In an exhibit attractively arranged by
Mr. F. G. Woop there were two ideal
bushes of Daphne Cneorum, Muscari para-
doxa, Fritiülaria pyrenaica and various
Primulas (Silver Banksian Medal). Red
Daisies, mostly Ball of Fire, made brilliant
colouring in the collection of Messrs. B.
LapHaMs, Lro. The delicate pink variety
Alice and the drep rose-pink Shirley also
attracted attention, while amongst their
Primulas were Oxlips and Giant Cowslips
(Bronze Banksian Medal).

A well-arranged, low rockery was contri-
buted by Messrs. CARTER PAGE AND Co.
who planted it with such appropriate plants

as Saxifraga Pompadour. Cyclamen repan-
dum, Primula rosea, the dwarf-spreading

Helichrysum bellidioides and Primula farinosa.
They also showed admirable Violas (Silver
Banksian Medal).

With a background of Azalea indica
varieties, Messrs. WATERER, SONS AND CRISP
showed Aubrietia rosea splendens, Ranun-

culus amplexicaule, Shortia uniflora, Saxi-
fraga bathoniensis and other alpines (Silver
Banksian Medal). The tiny Rubus arcticus
bearing rosy-purple flowers was shown by
Mr. M. PRICHARD, who also showed Gentiana
acaulis, Aethionema Warley and other alpines.

Messrs. MAXWELL AND BEALE had a pretty
little rock-garden which was appropriately
planted with seasonable subjects (Bronze
Banksian Medal). Primula Wanda and P.
secundiflora were included in an exhibit by
Messrs. BAKERS, LTD.

In addition to their
Messrs. W. CUTBUSH AND Son showed
Rhododendron Alice, Brooms, Kalmias and
alpines (Bronze Banksian Medal).

Mr. W. H. WALTERS, Colesborne
Cheltenham, had an especially interesting
collection of uncommon hardy plants. Amongst
others he showed Euphorbia sikkimensis,
which has vivid scarlet stems and mid-ribs
to the leaves; Fritillaria acmopetala, F.
contorta alba, Moraea spathacea, Speirantha
convallarioides and the old favourite green-
house climber Cantua buxifolia (C. dependens)

Polyantha Roses

Gardens.

bearing exceptionally large flowers (Silver
Banksian Medal).

Several exhibitors contributed particularly
good strains of Polyanthus. Messrs. BLACK-

MORE AND LANGDON showed, in large baskets,
masses of plants that were particularly rich
in orange and maroon shades of colour,
while the sturdy trusses bore plenty of
large flowers (Silver Banksian Medal) The
yellow shades predominated in: the plants
shown by Mr. G. A. MILLER, and these also
were admirable. Amongst other things he
included lovely masses of Muscari Heavenly
Blue (Bronze Banksian Medal). Messrs A. J.
Crooks had a smaller but choice collection
of Polyanthuses.

Mr. James DoudaLAsS brought a
of his well-known show and alpine
culas (Bronze Banksian Medal).

In addition to their. Carnations and Roses.
Messrs. STUART Low AND Co. set up un
admirable collection of profusely flowered
Mimosas. These included Acacia spiralis, ላ.
cordata, and A. armata. They also showed

collection

Auri-

ApRIL 25, 1926.

Camellias, Azalea indica varieties, Calla
Elliotiana, and Boronia heterophylla (Silver
Banksian Medal).

Roses were not quite so numerous as a
fortnight ago; no doubt the chief blooms are
being hell for the Spring Show of the
National Rose Society. Messrs. B. R. CANT
AND Sons again showed their splendid
novelties Mrs. Beatty and Lady Wakefield,
as well as such older sorts as Covent Garden,
Sovereign, and Phoebe (Silver Banksian Medal).
Messrs. WM. CUTBUSH AND Sow included
very good plants of Polyantha varieties in
their miscellaneous exhibit, and the Rev. J.
H. PEMBERTON had a small group of the
dwarf Polyantha Roses, of which Echo,
Jessie, Rudolph Kluis, rich pink, and Eblouis-
sant, deep crimson, are all highly decorative
(Bronze Banksian Medal).

As is nearly always usual Carnations were
well represented. Messrs. STUART Low AND
Co. included large vases of Arnos Grove,
Lady Hindlip, and the vivid pink Hugh
Low (Bronze Banksian Medal).

Chief amongst the varieties staged by
Messrs. ALLWoOOD Bros. were the new Master
Michael Stoop, Edward Allwood, of vivid
scarlet colouring, Wivelsfield Claret, and White
Enchantress (Silver Banksian Medal). Several
large vases of Carnations raised from seeds
showed what excellent blooms may be obtained
in that manner.

Mr. C. ENGELMANN also staged an excel-
lent collection of named varieties (Bronze
Banksian Medal).

The DucHEss or WELLINGTON (gr. Mr. H.
Buckingham), Elmhurst Park, Basingstoke,
showed a number of very good spikes of
Hymerocallis (Ismene) Calathinum, an ex-
ceedingly fragrant, white-flowered greenhouse
Lily, introduced from Brazil in 1796.

Adjoining their magnificent collection of
Narcissus, Messrs. BARR AND Sons displayed
a very interesting set of dwarf Irises. All
the little plants were only a few inches
high, but they bore quite large flowers which
showed an interesting variation of colours
and all were of great garden value. The
principal sorts were Iris pumila coerulea and
the variety alba, I. elegance, and I. obliensis
Socrates.

Messrs. SUTTON AND Sons staged half-a-
dozen plants, each of Echium plantagineum
and E. creticum. Unfortunately, the Echium
travels badly, and somo of the flowers had
fallen, but sufficient remained to illustrate
the uncommon colouring and interest of
these hardy annuals. E. plantagineum (syn.
E. violaceum) is & native of the Mediterranean,
and the tall, hairy plants bear rich purplish-
violet flowers. E. creticum is a dwarfer
species, is about two feet high and bears
reddish-violet flowers.

Narcissus and Tulip Committee.
Present: Mr. E. A. Bowles (in the chair),

Miss E. Willmott, Rev. J. Jacob, and
Messrs. Geo. Monro, Charles H. Curtis,

W. B. Cranfield, J. de Graaff, P. R. Barr,

F. Borchard, J. W. Jones, W. ጅዐክኮፀ፤!.
W. F. M. Copeland, and Robt. W. Ascroft
(Secretary).

FIRST-CLAS9 CERTIFICATE.

Narcissus Mary Copeland.—This handsome
double variety is now fairly well known and
several years ago it received an Award of
Merit. It now receives the higher award.
The perianth and other large segments are
cream coloured, and the small petaloid
segments are of a rich, deep orange colour.
Shown and raised by Mr. W. F. M. Corr-
LAND, Shirley, Southampton.

GROUPS.

Messrs. SUTTON AND SoNs exhibited a
very imposing collection of Tulips arranged
as an oval floor group. It was very skilfully
designed, with the flowers raised higher at
the two ends so that the bed sunk in an
undulating manner towards the centre. The
plants were arranged so that the flowers
were all of the same height, and the whole
presented a very pleasing design in panels

THE GARDENERS’

of different colours. The centres of tho two
higher portions were crowned by golden
varieties, in one case Avis Kennicott, with
a circle of the slaty-blue Rev. Ewbank
around it, and in the other case, the yellow
fungens lutea surrounded by the deep claret
variety Bacchus; the yellow variety Ellen
Willmott was used as a centre piece. Of
the other sorts, which represented a selection
of the best Tulips in cultivation, special
mention may be made of Bartigon, Bacchus,

Ambrosia, Pride of Netherlands, Panorama,
which has an uncommon bronzy-crimson
shade; Jupiter, Carrara, one of the best of

white Tulips; King Harold, crimson; Clara
Butt, and Zomerschoon, a most striking
variety of rosy-pink colour with white

stripes (Gold Medal.)

Mr. W. F. N. Co»ELAND, West View,
Shirley, Southampton, showed some intersting
Daffodils of his raising, several of them
under numbers. He had several forms of
the pretty Triandrus type, which is a very
dainty flower for decorations in dwelling
rooms. Of these his No. 948 is a much
whiter bloom than Copeland's Triandrus,
which is now well known. The group also
contained many interesting double Daffodils,
including Iphigenia, raised from Albatross ;
Inez, which has received the R.H.S. Award

of Merit; Lady Swettenham, in which the
inner, dwarfer segments are a beautiful
canary colour, and Silver Rose. A seedling

Barrii, No. 136, is a very pretty bloom,
having segments of regular outline and a
brilliant brick-red, flattish corona. (Silver

Banksian Medal).

It is not often that a firm receives a
Gold Medal on two successive occasions for
exhibits of the same flower, but this honour
fell to Messrs. BARR AND Sons, who again
had a magnificent collection of Daffodils;
as a fortnight ago. Seedlings were of special

merit, and these were principally Barrii
varieties with exceptionally broad and
vividly coloured coronas. Amongst the

named Barrii
which has a

blooms were Syrian Prince,
wide fiery orange margin to
the yellow corona; Lusette, Adonia, and
Marie Louise. The Poeticus varieties included
Cylgad, Snow King, Socrates, and Arclight.
Chief amongst some excellent Incomparabilis
varieties was Mrs. R. O. Backhouse, which
has an &lmost transparent perianth and a
large, pinkish tube. (Gold Medal).

Seedlings, also of considerable merit were
shown by Messrs. R. H. Bats, ፲.፲9., while
among their named varieties were Bath’s
Flame, Stella, Tidd Pratt, Red Guard, a
lovely Barrii of orange sheen ; Sulphur King,
Dawson City, and Buxted, three good yellow
Trumpets, and Red Robe, Barrii. (Silver-
gilt Banksian Medal.)

In the annexe, Mr. J. W. Barr had two
interesting groups. Besides extra good
seedlings he showed Red Gauntlet, Blazing
Star, Merry Dick, Jaspar, and Sunbeam,
brilliant Barrii varieties, and Mrs. R. Back-
house, Loveliness, and Drusilla, a trio of
drooping Trumpets of chaste appearance.
(Silver Banksian Medal.)

A tastefully-arranged collection of Tulips
was set up by the MavTHAM GARDENS.
In addition to many useful Darwin varieties,
they showed vases of Tulipa retroflexa and
T. Sirene, a lovely pink companion flower.

Fruit and Vegetable Committee.

Present ; Messrs. C. J. Nix (in the chair),
J. Cheal, ነኝ. Poupart, Geo. F. Tinley, H. 8.
Rivers, S. B. Dicks, W. Giles, A. Bullock,
E. Neal, G. Woodward, W. H. Divers,
E. A. Bunyard, A. N. Rawes, F. Jordan,
and E. Beckett.

Mr. G&EoRGE WoopwaRp, Barham Court
Gardens, Teston, Maidstone, Kent, showed
fruits of Pear Doyenné Georges Boucher, a
variety sometimes described as the South
African *'* Comice." Mr. Woodward stated
that his object in bringing the fruits before
the Committee was to show how impossible

CHRONICLE.

291

it is to ripen them satisfactorily in this

country. The only specimen that was
anything like ripe was decayed at the stalk
and Mr. Woodward said this was a

common defect in his fruits. In his opinion
the variety required a very hot season for
the fruits to finish properly, but that it
might be suitable for growing under glass,
and he was inclined to believe that if it
was stored in a little warmth it might also
ripen. Mr. Woodward also showed Apple
Optin d'Hiver, which was brought from
France fifty-five years ago by the late Mr.

Roger Leigh. The tree, although on the
Paradise stock, was still cropping as
abundantly as ever. It is a yellowish

variety, flattish-round in shape, and said to
be very good in the closing months of
the year, but Mr. Woodward considered
that there were superior sorts available
then, and that this variety was not
especially wanted.

Messrs. GEO. BUNYARD AND Co, LTD. in
their exhibit of select varieties of hardy
fruits in season, showed Pears Bellissime
d’Hiver, Catillac, and Uvedale’s St. Germain ;
also Apples Newton Wonder, Lord Burghley,
Wagener, Christmas Pearmain, Bramley’s
Seedling, Ontario, Stark, Norman’s Pippin,
and Baumann’s Red Winter Reinette.

MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND
ORCHID.

FRIDAY, APRIL 17.—Committee present:
Capt. W. Horridge (in the chair), Messrs.
R. Ashworth, A. Burns, J. Cypher, J. Evans,
J. Lupton, and H. Arthur (Secretary).

First CLASS CERTIFICATE.

Odontoglossum Avoco West Point variety
(eximium x King Manuel).—A well-shaped
flower, beautifully marked and blotched with
deep maroon; the petals are pleasingly
fimbriated. From 8. GnATRIX, Esq.

AWARDS or MERIT.

Cypripedium Wrigleyanum (Curtis. superbum
x Gowerianum | magnificum). | From Mrs.
Bruce and Miss WRIGLEY.

Odontoglossum crispum var. Lilac Time.
From Mrs. GRATRIX.
GROUPS.

S. GRATBIX, Esq., West Point (gr. Mr. C.
Branch), staged a group for which a Silver-
Gilt Medal was awarded.

Mrs. Bruce and Miss WRIGLEY, Bury (gr.
Mr. A. Burns), were awarded a Large Silver
Medal for a group in variety.

A Silver Medal was also awarded to
Messrs. J. CYPHER AND Sons, Cheltenham,
for their exhibit of Orchids.

ROYAL CALEDONIAN HORTICULTURAL.

THE ordinary monthly meeting of this
Society was held at 5, St. Andrew Square,

Edinburgh, on the 7th inst., Mr. Robert
Fife, president, in the chair.
A lecture entitled **Flower Notes of an

Wanderer," illustrated by lantern
slides, was delivered by Colonel E. Enever
Todd, of York. Colonel Todd dealt more
particularly with the Spanish Sierra Nevada,
the Pyrenees, Corsica, and the Maritime,
Swiss, North Italian, and Lower Austrian
Alps, in his wanderings over which he had
found over two thousand species of flowering
plants, of which six hundred were of high
merit for garden purposes. He stated that
every now and then patches of flowers were
encountered which were perfect rock gardens,
and every one interested in alpines should
study the plants in their natural habitats.

The exhibits were Cinerarias and Amaryllis
from Messrs. DoBBIE AND Co, Lrp., Edin-
burgh (awarded a Silver Medal); Hyacinths,
from Mr. R. C. WirsoN, Corstorphine (awarded
a Cultural Certificate), and Rhododendrons
from Corswall Gardens.

Alpine

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1925.

25,

MARKETS.

COVENT GARDEN,

cannot accept any responsibility for the subjoined

reports. They are furnished to us regularly every
Tuesday by the kindness of several of the principal
salesmen, who are responsive for the quotations.
It must be remembe that these quotations do
not represent the prices on any particular day,
but only the general average for the week preceding
the date of our report. The prices depend u ay
the quality of the samples, the way in which

APRIL

Tuesday, April 21st, 1925.
We

THE

are packed, the supply in the market and the

demand, and they may fluctuate, not only from
day to day, but occasionally several times in thc
ay.—EDs.

Plants in Pots, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.
(All 48’s except where otherwise stated).

መ= =ፎ==መጋመ፡

Adiantum 8. d. 8. d. 8. d. s. d.
cuneatum Cyclamen—
per doz. . 10 0-13 0 —32's ... 36 0-48 0
—elegans ... .100-120 | —48's .. 24 0-30 0
Aralia Sieboldii... 9 0-10 0 Cyrtomium .10 0-15 0 |
Araucarias, per Erica melanthera,
doz. .. ... 90 0-42 0 48's per doz. ... 21 0-30 0
Asparagus piu - — —60's, per doz. 8 0-10 0
(80806 ... ... 12 0-18 0
Marguerites, white,
—Sprenger! . 12 0-18 0 48's per doz. ... 15 0-18 0 |
Aspidistra, green 36 0-60 0 Nephrolepis, in
SEDE per ocn variety ... ... 12 0-18 0
OZ. eae 88:ፁ 2 › — ope €) on
* = 94 0-30 0 32's ... 24 0-36 0
—nidus ... 12 0-15 0 Palms, Kentia ... 30 0-48 0
Azaleas, per doz. 15 0-36 0 | ፦05 » :
Cacti, per tray, Pteris, in Variety d ጋ
—12's, 168 50-70 =, 60's —
—sma ea
Crotons, per doz. 30 0-45 0 of 1 2630
Cut Flowers, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.
Adiantum deco- s.d.s.d. 8. d. s. d,
rum, doz. bun. 18 0-24 0 Roses, per doz.
—cuneatum, per blooms, Rich-
doz. bun. ... 12 0-15 0 mond .. 40-80
Asparagus, plu- — Liberty .. 30-50
mosus, per bun. —Madame Butter- .
long trails, 69's 20-30 i 30-50
med. sprays ... 16-26 -Mme Abel
short ., 09-13 Chatenay . 3040
—Sprengeri, per bun. —Melody 30-410
long sprays 16-20 —Molly sh: rman
med. ,, 10-16 Crawford, per
short ,, 04-10 doz. . ነ 6-40
—Niphetos 256-30
Azalea, white, per —Ophclia .. 10-50
በ02. bnn. ... 9 0-10 0 | —sunburst. 40-50
Bouvardia, white, Ruscus, French,
per dor. ouu., 12 0-15 0 per bun. 1 0- › 0
Camellias, White, f i Smilax, per doz.
„per box . 30-36 tralls . 30-36
— P. 30-46 Span Iris, per
Croton leaves, > Mize ከ 8g 0-30 0
var. doz. leaves 0 9 26 —Mauve ... ... 24 0-30 በ
Daffodils— —White ... 36 0-42 0
—Barrii, per doz. 2 0- 3 0 Yellow ... . 74 0730 0
—Emperor, per Sweet Peas, per
doz. bun. 30-10 doz. bun. 6 0-10 0
—King Alfred, Tulips, per bunch—
er doz. bun.... 6 0- 50 ABON 16-3
ir Watkin, pe a —Clara Butt ... 20 3
doz. bun. .- 26-30 | — (Couronne d'Or 2 0- 2
Fern, French, per —La Reine 1 6 2
doz. bun. 090-13 — Prince of Austria 1 9- 2
Freesia, white, —Wm. Copland... 2 0- 3
per doz. bun., 2 0- 3 0 —Farncombe TT
Galax, American, — White Swan 20.2
green and —
per doz. bun. ... — 30 | Violets, per doz.
Lilac, Dutch, per bun. a 0-40
sp % . 40-80 French Powers-
Litn daa Anemone .. 36-50
rubrum, long, — pe Caen, mixed, ;
per doz. blooms 4 0- 5 0 per doz. . 40-50.
-ብከ0፲! ,, , 30-40 Marguerite, yellow,
Lilium np orum g ner pad .. 60 70
long, perdoz.... 4 0- 3 0 | Marigolds, per pad 50-60
Lily-of-the- Valle ey. Ranunculus, dble.
perdoz. bun. ... 24 0-36 0 291.1. vis doz.
bun. -— . 250-70
Narcissus— —Carmine, per
—ornatus, per : doz. bun. 60-70
doz. bun. 26-306 | Star (Allium), |
Orchids, per doz. per pad, 13's. 0-10 0
—Cattleyas ... 24 0-30 0 Stock. double
$ d z 7 white, per pac
—Cypripediums.., 5 0- 7 0 24 bunches R 0-10 0
Primroses, per l —double coloured 8 0-10 0
doz. bun. 16-20
Violets, Parma,
Prunus triloba — per bun. . 30-36
(Dutch).per bun. 1 © 1 6 | —single, per pad 6 œ 8 0
Richardias one Wallflowers, per |
per doz. 40-50 pad »0-80

REWARKS.—There has been the usual reaction in business
after the Easter trade, and prices of most
been gradually falling during the past week.
exception of white blooms such as are required. for the

subjects have |
with the —

GARDENERS

making of floral designs. The shortage of this class of
bloom is caused by the finishing of double white Stock
and Allium (Star) which have been arriving from France.
All blooms from that quarter now show signs of finishing
with the exception of Paeonies, Statice, and Gypsophila.
the last being already on the market. Amongst home
supplies there are no new subjects to record. Daffodils
and Narcissus ornatus are arriving in large quantities.
Carnations and Roses are sufficient. for present require-
ments. Amongst Tulips good Darwin varieties are still
holding in price: a good supply of the cheaper grades are
being received from Guernsey, The variety White Swan
is arriving in good condition from this quarter and is
very useful. at the present. time. Spanish Irises are
beginning to make a good show. The quality of the
blooms is much finer and a better selection of varieties
is on sale. There is a very limited supply of Lily-of-the-
Valley. Sweet Peas are. gradually increasing in numbers
with an improvement in quality generally. With the
exception of Smilax there is a better supply of foliage,
such as Asparagus plumosus, A. Sprengeri, Maidenhair
Fern, and Adiantum decorum. Red and White Roses
are expected to advance in price during Wednesday and
Thursday on account of St. Geordies Day.

Fruit : Average Wholesale Prices.
A pples— 8.1.8. 0. - s. d. s. d.
—Albermarle ... 45 0-50 0 | Grape Fruit.
—Oregon New- Cuban ... . 18 0-23 0
town .. ... 14 0-18 0 , —Jamaica . 18 0-20 0
—Bramley's Seed- | —Florida. finest 20 0-27 6
ling . 10 0-18 0 —other . 18 0-25 0
—Newton
Wonder . 11 0-16 0 Lemons, Asma: $
—Worcester Pear- per Dox... .. 80-120
main... 150-160 | —Murcia ... . 10 6-14 0
—Ribston Pippin 15 0-17 0 | —Naples ... . 16 0-20 0
—Jonathan ... 17 0-18 0
ህከ... S: 19 0-20 0 See Tona ... 14 0-16 0
— Alfriston 16 0-17 0 : —Spanisn—
—Aryentine— —300's . 18 0-35 0
— OX አ Orange —360" 8 . 14 0-22 0
Pippin ... . 24 0-22 0 - —904'8 .... . 14 0-22 6
— Australasian— — Messina Blood 12 0-20 0
—Cox's Orange ea o
Pippin ... . 28 0-30 0 dle uth
Bananas, singles 17 0-27 ስ | . ፡ ኸ1 `
—doubles 176300 | Beurré Diel 2 : i
—others ; 17 0-18 6 —Winter Nelis os 46-70
1 2a —Dovenne du
SD Comice ... 6 0-10 0
Hambro, per 15. 6 0- 8 0 | —Argentine . 20 0-25 0
—South African— |! Pines 36-250

—White Hanepoot 6 0-10 0
—Red Hanepoot 8 0-12 0
—Colmar ... .. 12 0-14 0

Strawberries, per
lb. "m: .. 8 0-13 0

Vegetables: Average Wholesale Prices.

8. d. 8. d. s.d.s.d
Beans, ክር ሌሌ Mushrooms, cops: 20-30
per Ib. ... 13-20 —brollers .. 4. 20-206
—Worthing 10-19 Marrows, doz. 6 0-15 0
1 Onions, Valencia,
oe pet 40-80 r case ... 15 6-17 0
2 ue o —English, per cwt.12 6-14 0
Beets, per cwt... 50-60 4 E
! Nu 26 Parsnips, percwt. 40-50
Cabbage, per tally 10 0-12 Peas, French, per
Canary Island cane... .. 00-80
Tomatos . 25 0-30 0 —Guernsey forced
Cauliflowers, per per Ib . 16-20
doz. ... 20-40 ን —— Canary
ግኻ n —
popan ae per 4 0-12 0 —Spring crop ... 14 0-16 0
ES : Potatos, per ton—
Cory perdo 06 | “Dunbar... 200 0-230 0
Carrots, per doz. —Kiny Edward 190 0-200 0
bun. — 8 0-12 0 — White 90 0-160 0
—New can See —New Guernsey lb. 0 6-0 9
Cucumbers, per —Jersey ... .. 07-0 8
doz. — 40-60 Scilly 07-0 9
—Flats, 36's, 42's 12 0-16 0 | Radishes— ብ
: —Round ... 16-20
Dutch Onions ... 11 6 12 6 —Long . 2 13-16
Endive, per doz. 16-30 = Eee Break- "
zi ፡ " 0-30
Batay la: per doz, SOUPE Rhubarb, Forred,
French Asparagus— per doz. 20-96
—Cavaillon we ete 2 — Natural" per
—Lauris ... 29 3 6 doz. 50-70
Greens, best, per Savoys, per tally 12 6-15 0
bag 30-10 Seakale, per doz. እ
: T punnets .. 6
Morera ish- per 20-28 | Spinach. per bushel 3 0- 4 0
jud Tomatos, LER
Leeks, pet dox: 20-26
: per Ib. ... ›- 2 (
Lettuce, per 005. 0% 26 doz. bun. 9 0-12 0
— Cos n . 3060 Turnip Tops, per
—Outdoor - 16 30 bag us 30 40
REMARKS.—Business is moving fairly brléhy: and for

the time of vear a considerable volume of produce is
being handled. South Afriean fruits, consisting mainly of
Pears and Grapes, are a better trade. with Pears showing
some advance in price, Australasian Apples, Pears and
Grapes are coming in large quantities and meeting a
moderate demand, A few American Apples are still
available, but are not. keenly enquired for. Fruits of
English grown Bramley’s Seedling and Newton Pippin are
still arriving, but generally buyers prefer Australasian
Apples. English Black Hamburgh Grapes are selling
fairly well considering the competition of South African
and Australian Grapes. Oranges and Lemons are moving
steadily: Grape Fruit is also. a fair. trade. | Choice
vegetables, such as forced Beans, Peas, and Potatos are
selling moderately well; but generally they are cheaper,
with Peas an exception. — English. Tomatos show a
gradual imerease in supply, but their prices are com-
paratively high. Cucumbers are plentiful and at a very

reasonable price level. Well-grown Bnglish Lettuces are

CHRONICLE.

© Cucumbers realised 8 - to 10 --

- Mint.

| fo

Xl.

selling well, as are most salads. Mushrooms are iu
better supply but prices are firm. Natural Rhubarb is
cheaper. Consignments of Canary Island Potatos are

plentiful and prices are inclined to be easter.

GLASGOW.

Supplies of cut flowers have
while prices moved irregularly.
past week showed a moderate
of the higher values obtained
to that day trade was poor
Tulips arrived in a blown
returns obtained for that class had a lowering
influence, but the better qualities found 8 ready
market and yielded improved prices. Murillo ranged
from 7d. to 10d. for 6's, special, is.: Lucretia. 8d.
IO0d.. specials. 33: Bartagon, Copland and Farn-
combe Sanders 103. to 13; Princess Elizabeth, 1-2 to
13: Tea Rose, 8d. to 1 -; blown blooms, 4d. to 6d.:
Prince of Austria, Sd. to 13d.: Voorbaak, 1 2 to 1 4: and
Gris-de-Lin, 1 6 for 125. Daffodils were cheap: Sir W atkin,
Horsfieldii and Victoria realised 13 to 2- per dozen
bunches: Sir Watkin. special, 2- to 26: Emperor, 2- to
3-; Golden Spur. 1 - to 26; Seagull, 2- to 2 6: harrii
conspicuus, 36 to 4-: ornatus, Scotch grown, 6- to
8 -: others 4 - to 5-, Carnations made from 2/6 to 4/6:
Lily-of-the-Valley, 16 to 19: White Hyacinths, first
grade, 1 - for 3's; second grade, 8d.: blue and pink, 6d.
to 8d.: White Lilac, 6- to 8-; coloured, 4- to 6:-;
Guernsey Freesia. 1 6 to 2- dozen; Richardias, 6'-to8-
Lilium longiflorum (Harrisii) long, 7? - to 8,-; short, 3/- i

>; Wallflowers, 2 - to 26; Violets, 1 - to 1:3: Irises,
26 to 30 dozen: Asparagus, 1/- 10 2-. and Smilax,
to 26. Roses are disappointing, Richmond, and Lady
Hillingdon selling from 3 - to 4.-; Mme. Abel Chatenay,
4- 10 6-: Mme. Butterfly, 5- to d ; and Mrs. Henry
Stevens, 3.- to 5-. Pot plants were more plentiful.
Deutzia vielded 2- to 26 cach; small — 1/6;
large, 4 - to 46: Cinerarias, 1 6 10 2-; Musk, 4'- to
6 '- per dozen: Sailors, 5- to 7-, and Wallflower plants,
16 to 2- per box.

A feature of the fruit market was the demand for Cape
Pears. Beurre Hardy averaged 66 per box; Beurre Bose
and Josephine de Malines, 5 6 to 0 6; Beurre Diel, 4:6 to
5'-; Beurre Clairgeau, 4 9 10 56; Winter Nelis, 6- to
7;-, and Bonne Louise i Jersey, 5- to 6 -. Prices of
Cape Grapes were also firm. Gros Colmar at 16,-- to 18;-
per box, Waltham Cross, and Red Hanepoort, 12/- to
14.-:; White Hanepoort, 10 6 to 12 0. Apples were cheaper.
Albemarle Pippin sold for 37 - to 40 - per barrel ; Ben
Davis, 24 - to 30. -: Baldwin (Nova Scotia), 27.- to 31 -
U.S.A. Baldwins, 32 - to 40 -; Ganos ( Virginia), 30 '-

been very heavy and
the averages for the
recovery as the result
on Friday. Previous
and as quantities ot
condition the smaller

| Oregon Newtown, 13 6 to 18 - per case, and Wi inesap, 13. -

to 176. Jaffa Oranges made 10- to 14 - all counts:
Valencia 3600, 15 - to 18/-: 300, 1፲ - to 20.-:; 440, 26/- to
33-: 240, 16:6 to 90 —-. 200, 15- to ፲8፦-; Grape Fruit,
special, ot Porto Rico, 20/- to 23'-:; enon Palermo,
86 to 12'-; Murcea, 14 6 to 18-: Naples. 16- to 18. all
300's. Australian Pears brought 15.- per box.

Jn the vegetable section Teneritfe Potatos dropped to
13'6 per box. Cauliflower advanced to 2:- to 8 - and 10 —
per dozen. Rhubarb was firm at 40.- to 48'- per ewt.
; Seakale, 2010 3.6: French
16 to 2-; Dutch Lettuce, 5- to 6 (crate):
6- to 7,- doz. bunches ; French T urnips, 14:
9- to 12-: Radishes, 2.6 to 3 6; Leeks, 2'- to 2 6:
Cabbages, 81. per doz., and Guernsey Beans, 16

Lettuce,
Sy boes,

Spring
to : z =,

SCHEDULE RECEIVED.

BOURNEMOUTH HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY.—Sumimer

exhibition to be held at Mevrick Park on Tuesday and

Wednesday. June 30 and July 1: autumn exhibition to
be held at the Town Hall, Bournemouth. on Wednesday
and Thursday, October 21 and 22. Secretary, Mr. E. S.

Rosevear, Shaftesbury Chambers, Bournemouth.

CATALOQUES

RECEIVED.

| GEORGE C. WHITELEGG, The Nurseries, Chislehurst, Kent.

- MARTINEAU AND SMITH, Holloway

—Alpine and herbaceous plants.

Head, Birmingham.—
Spraying specialities.

T. HiLLING AND COo.. Orange Hill Nurseries, Edgware,

Middlesex.—The ** lc dh "" automatic sprinkler,

GARDENING APPOINTM ENTS.

Mr. E. Durham, for two years gardener to P. H.

MoRDEY, Esq. J.P. The Spinny, Sully, South
Wales, and previously with H. J. MASON., Esq.,
at Holme Park, Ashburton, South Devon. as
Gardener to LORD NEWBOROUGH, Bryn Llewelyn,
Festinlog, North Wales. (Thanks for- 2s. for
R.G.O.F. Box.—Epns

Mr. Ian J. Morrison, for the past six wears
Foreman to Cor. J. N. HoRLICK, O.B.E., M.C., M.P..

Little Paddocks, Sunninghill.
to LADY ANNE Mv KRAY. Barlywood, Windlesham.
Surrey. (Thahks for 2a. 6d. for R.G.O. 'F. Box.—EDS.)

Mr. C. Branch, for the past four years Orchid Grower
to the late FRED HARDY, Esq.. Tyntesfield, Ashton-
on-Mersey, as gardener to SAMUEL GRATRIX, Esq..
West Point, Whalley Range, Manchester. (Thanks
for 2s. 6d. for R.G.O.F. Box.—EDS.).

Mr. L. W. Barker, for the past four years
to the Rt. Hon. Lord and Lady WARING.
Place, Sideup, Kent, as gardener-bailiff to Mrs. A. ¢
COLE, Sherfleld Hall, Basingstoke, Hants. Hampshire.
(Thanks for 2s. for 1ኒ.(፣.().1". Box.—EDS.).

Berkshire, as Gardener

gardener
Foot's Cray

Xu o LO tienen ee GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

, የች ዓዓ ዳኝ ፍው አ ጠም Neg መው 2 |" ቓይፍ።ቁ”

oec Aree latent — b^
GARDEN. BORDER.
THe PIONEERE OF ALL THAT - z —— GREENE 38 Nal la
| je: BEST im LAWN. MOWERS. pe mv = century" d ር A
I መ ucc aks tia aia sate RRR
17 GREEN'S | "SILENS- P as ; A" ፍ Jug ot Mapa — yar
ij — LAWN:

Sean — HRR
punka. wes.

Hrg

aed a
.. <

| THOMAS | GREEN ፤ & 80N. un.

NICOTINE | NUT CIDES |

a are LA far the a — and economica] for dokt
ENGLISH. NICOTINE: ENS “Pull ines Mid "SOAP. ——— መታ | The —
> feng for. using as fomigant’or spray. fluid: potash woti. ‘apap plus 7 LE nicotine, for

| Brees = 3b 2/ቿ; — S — 3#. : 80ና8ሃ)18፳ -or-eytinging wot Parm. 3 Tes

. 36 528. 9 We * en MY * fs, A, te Ib; Meo 0
ርፎ VAPORISINC | COMPOUND. XE Ft TRG. ROLLS, ya

Nicotine content Sete 38. bottes for x simple: dor. fusugatiug. greenhouser | gH

CB ተጅ-- A. aud. 49 thousand “cubic: feet. fout sizes: for ajeno, 1,090. 2,000, and. 3,000

- Prios: 1/8, 3/8. “78 HH und 378 fepe bie deer ያል E Mes: in and

—— ⸗— 98, Ghje ope each

| ` CAMPBELLS ‘PATENT SULPHUR. VAPORISER. For —— — The det
.. method of exterminating - Mildew: in. ‘glasshouses: LERNTE — AE — 3መ።
-cubic feet. size, 38፦:- 28,000, IW feet. sire, 2. sach.

Obtainabls drm. Seeman. av, 38. E f di | ሐዘ Hon the 2 ጋ —

in e Dp. "CAMPBELL, ፡ ኽ(ርር6ቨክር - —
E Lund Street, Cornbrook, Manchester.

: 455 UU LAWN AT VP ACCORYS

DAISIES, DANDELIONS, ዱር.
are sil very Dishiguring, beside hetay detrimental fo tree Tesi be Croquet

sensor’ = PRICES:

In Kee: ከ i
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APRIL 25, 1925.

THE GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE.

Xlll.

SITUATIONS VACANT

Twenty words (or three lines including headline),

4s., and 1s. for every succeeding eight words (or

line or portion thereof). Fee for having replies
addressed to this office, 1s.

Advertisers desiring ther Advertisements
repeated must give full particulars,

otherwise no notice can be taken of their

communications. Name and address alone
are insufficient.

Gardeners writing to Advertisers of Vacant
Situations are recommended to send them

copies of testimonials only, retaining the
originals. To part with original documents
means to run a great risk of their being
mislaid.

When addressing Box numbers, it is essential
to give the initials or pseudonym, as weil as
the correct number of the box.

MUNICIPAL AND PUBLIC.

COUNTY OF SOUTHAMPTON.
AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION COMMITTEE.

SSISTANT HORTICULTURAL IN -
4 STRUCTOR required. Applicants must have a
thoroughly sound practical knowledge of horticulture and
have attended recognised schools or colleges dealing with
horticulture and be able to undertake lecture work.
Salary about £200 per annum and travelling expenses.
Applications must be made on the Authority's pre-
scribed form (copies of which «can be obtained በክ
receipt of stamped addressed foolscap envelope), and
must be received not later than 2nd May, 1925, by

D. T. COWAN.
Director of Education.
The Castle.
Winchester.

COUNTY BOROUGH OF WEST HAM.

HAM RESIDENTIAL OPEN-AIR SCHOOL,
FYFIELD, ONGAR.

— —

rINHE EDUCATION COMMITTEE require

the services of a RESIDENT WORKING GAR-
DENER (single). The man appointed will be required
to assist in the supervision duties. Salary at the rate of
£2 65. per week, with board, lodging and laundry as
payment for supervision duties. The Council have by
resolution decided that none but Trade Unionists are to
be engaged for service with the Corporation.

The appointment will be subject to the provisions of
the Local Government and Other Officers’ Superannuation
Act, 1922, and to a medical test as required by. the
Council for the purposes of that Act, and. the. Statutory
contributions to the Superannuation Fund under the Act
wiil be deducted from the salary.

Canvassing, directly or indirectly, for. this appointment
is strictly prohibited, and will disqualify.

Application forms can be obtained from the under-
signed, and should be returned, together with copies of
three recent testimonials, not later than Wednesday,
29th April. 1925.

WEST

GEORGE E. HILLEARY,
Town Clerk,

Education Department,

95, The Grove.

Stratford, E. 15.

17th April, 1925.

PRIVATE.

EAD WORKING GARDENER-BAILIFF
wanted, about mid-June. eight men under; must
be thoroughlv experienced and competent all branches,
Inside and Qut, with knowledge of cows (4), horses (2),
and land; must have highest references from similar
situations; only first-class men considered: good
eottage.—Apply, stating aye, family. experience and
wages asked, with copies of references, to HASLAM,
Danehurst, Furner's Green. Uckfleld, Sussex.

ANTED, experienced working HEAD

GARDENER. three under, excellent cottage.

state wages required.—Send copy of recent testimonials
to Box 33, SMITH’S BOOKSHOP, Windsor.

EQUIRED at once. good all-round HEAD

WORKING GARDENER; full knowledge of
Inside and Out; age about 40-45 years, single ;
live in; reply stating experience, references, and

wages expected: a good opportunity.—Reply B. F. C.,

Box 33, 5, Tavistock Street. Covent Garden, W.C. 2.
EAD WORKING GARDENER wanted,

take charge, two others kept, must be thoroughly
experienced in all branches, Inside and Out, good know-
ledge of Carnations, Mums.. ete.. and to keep good
display in conservatory, preference given to one who is
able to show his work in garden he is leaving. good
cottage, including fuel. light and vegetables.—Apply by
letter only. giving full particulars. age. experience, and
wages required, to A. CHILTON KING, Yewhurst,
Kidbrook Grace Blackheath, London. S.E. 3,

ANE HEAD WORKING GAR-
DENER, married, good knowledge of all

branches, especially shrubs and alpines, nursery expe-
rience preferred.—Apply, giving full particulars and
wages asked. to C. . Box 31. 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C.2.

WV JANTED. HEAD WORKING GAR.
^ DENER, married, thoroughly experienced. Inside
and Out, good references, age not over 40, wages 45.,
cottage. all particulars to N., Barton End House. Nails-
worth, Glos.

Y TANTED. WORKING GARDENER,

help given, fruit, flowers, vegetables, some glass,
must have experience Peaches and Orchids, no cottage.—
State age, experience and wage required.—MARTIN,
Shirley Road, Nottingham.

ነ ብ SINGLE - HANDED GAR-
i DENER. unmarried. age 30-35, tennis, lawn.

small greenhouse, kitehen garden and flowers, particulars
on application to CAPT. ROBERTSON, West Wantley,
Storrington, Sussex.

AN lady or gentleman recommend good

J SINGLE-HANDED GARDENER, experience Inside

and Out, bov kept, wages 10/-, vegetables and cottage.—
MRS. DEVENISH, The Mount, Whitchurch, Oxon.

ANTED, experienced GARDENER,

married, help given, for country.—Apply, giving

full particulars. Estate Office, Hareby, Spilsby, Lincoln-
shire.

GAR-

cottage

\ ANTED, immediately, first-class
DENER, experienced all branches,

avallable.—Apply 2, Mount Avenue, Ealing, W

— — — —

Rh GARDEN.—Wanted, a MAN of
A experience, married, with practical knowledge
of rock plants, their propagation, planting, and
display, to take responsible charge of a rock
garden of considerable size; good cottage.—State
experience and wages required to HEAD GARDENER,
Wittington, Marlow.

— ———— — — — — ———— — — —— -

J ANTED, SECOND GARDENER, single,
to take charge of glass, good at Carnations and
house decoration, Wages £2 15s. duty every third week
0/- extra, seven kept.—State age and experience to
F. DARE, The Gardens, Happidais, Walton-on-the-HIll,
Surrey.

—

7 ANTED, SECOND GARDENER, kitchen

gardens, grounds, capable take charge of glass,

wages 32/-, good lodge.—Apply with copies of testi-

monials, HEAD GARDENER, Hafodunos, Llangerniew,
Abergele, North Wales.

V TANTED immediately, SECOND GAR-
DENER of five, take charge of plant and fruit
houses, wages 35'- to start, no bothy.—Apply HEAD

GARDENER, Cleve, Wellington, Somerset.

V TANTED. SECOND GARDENER of six,
Inside and Out, must have had good experience.

40.- weekly, 5 - duty, and good cottage.—E V ERSFIELD.

Penbedw Gardens, Nannerch, Flintshire.

V ANTED, GARDENER, SECOND of
i four, good Inside, knowledge of pruning. 36.-

and house, duty

extra.—HALKE, Forty Hall Gardens.
Enfield, Middlx.

ANTED, a good SECOND GAR-

DENER. single man preferred, must be thor-

oughly experlenced in kitchen garden and able to help

inside, Jive out, comfortable lodgings close, state wages

and apply with references to F. WARE, The Cottage,
Hadley Lodge, Barnet, Herts.

ANTED, UNDER GARDENER, age 18
to 20, unmarried, must be strong, some experience
necessary, good wages.—MAW, Homefield, Leatherhead.

WV ANED UNDER-GARDENER, single,
about 24 years, experienced, work chiefly in
greenhouses, take turn duty, no thy; gardener’s
reference.—State age, experience, and wages, etc.
to R. C. COODE, Polapit Tamar, Launceston,
Cornwall.

ANTED, UNDER-GARDENER, single ;

no bothy; experienced, good all-round man,
capable of attending to horse and chickens.— ፻ ly,
stating experience. wages, to ARTHUR W 5

Altnacealgach, Colchester.

Y ANTED. UNDER-GARDENER, experi-
enced, single, good reference. Wages 35/- per

week with accommodation.—Lt.-Col. F. A. JACKSON, The

Lodge, West Malling, Kent.

ANTED, experienced marricd FOREMAN,

for Inside, good decorator, wages 40/- and
cottage.—State age and experience to G. MIDDLETON.
Quendon Hall Gardens, Newport, Essex. l

V ANTED. MARRIED MAN, no family.

to take lead in Pleasure Grounds, duty alternate
weeks, state age and wage, with cottage and light, to
H. SILCOCK. Bassett Wood Gardens, Southampton.

ACTED: MAN for Lawns, able to work
motor mower and assist in Kitchen Garden.
Bothy, duty በፅ -. — Wages required and references to

C. BOLUS, Weston, Stevenage.

WV ^NTED, experienced MAN, chiefly for
Pleasure Grounds, Tennis Courts, Herbaceous

Borders, Rose Garden, Motor Mower ; house available for

right man, July; duty 5/- every third week.—State age,

experience, and wages to F. HARVEY, Glyndebourne

Gardens, near Lewes.'

NERGETIC MAN required for Kitchen

Garden, good grower of vegetables and salads;
cottage provided.—Apply, with full particulars and copies
of references, wages, etc., BARWICK, Inholmes Hunger-
ford, Berkshire.

W ANTED immediately, YOUNG MAN

for pleasure grounds, with knowledge of motor
mower preferred, age about 21, full particulars, with
bothy, etc —G. PERRYMAN, Didlington Hall Gardens,
Brandon, Suffolk.

EN wanted, to serve as helpers on
Farm Training Colony; must be abstainers and

keen on helping men and boys. Opportunity to gain
training and experience.—Apply, stating age, etc., with
photo, to SUPT., Turners Court, near Wallingford, Berks.

( any Gardener recommend a thoroughly
/

interested and smart Journeyman, over 23, as

DECORATOR: some experience essential; splendid
opportunity to Improve ; commencing wages 37/-
weekly, overtime paid: bothy and usual allow-

ances: cricketer advantageous.—LLOYD, Tewin Water,

Welwyn, Herts.

\ ANTED, a good FIRST JOURNEY MAN
(Inside), good experience; reliable and trust-

worthy: particulars and wages expected, with bothy, etc.,

duty extra pay.—J. 8. HIGGINS, Glynllivon Gardens,

Llanwnda, Carnarvonshire, North Wales.

ANTED, JOURNEYMAN for Plant

Houses, wages 35/-, bothy, duty paid: cricketer

referred. — Apply, with full particulars, to G. H.
ACKSON, Nidd Hall Gardens, Harrogate:

ANTED. JOURNEYMAN, Inside. for
Plant Houses, age 22; bothy, milk, and
vegetables.—Apply, with copies of testimonials, to H.
PATEMAN, The Gardens, Tranby Croft, Hull.

JO E E wanted for plant houses,
e must be industrious and reliable, recommendation
from a good establishment essentia], bothy, attendance,
etc. and duty paid.—G. F. JOHNSON, Waddesdon
Gardens, Aylesbury.

XIV.

© good
Moreton Hall,

AV First-class JOURNEYMAN for
Wo Inside and Out; experienced under glass

Wages and. bothy.—H EAD GARDENER,
Congleton, Cheshire,

ANTED, good Jou RNEYMAN, Inside,

work under foreman, age about 23, wages 32,-.

bothy, ete., duty alternate, good Knowledge of fruit. ani

plants, copies of references.—Apply W. MOLES, Heath-
lands, Wokinghiun.

W ANTED, JOURNEYMAN., Inside and
Out. motor mower, state age, experience, Wages

expected, with bothy, attendanee.—R. MASON, Mun-
caster Gardens, Ravenelass, Cumberland,
WASTED. JOURNEYMAN with experi-

ence, for kitehen garden; able to take
duty: wages 33 -, bothy, ete --Apply, with copies
of testimonials, stating age, to F. IBBOTSON,
Rolleston Hall, Billesdon, Leicester.

ANTED, Outside JOURNEYMAN, with

kitchen) garden experience: wages 346, with

bothy, attendance, ete.: 76 extra for duty.—Apply
H. WHEELER, Wenvoe Castle Gardens, near Cardiff.

Outside ; able

Mo ED JOURNEYMAN.

to take duty: wages 25 - per week, bothy,

milk, veg., and attendance; duty 4 -.--1). CAMERON,
Holdenby Gardens, Northants.

LMAN for houses,

Wanner. JOURNE"
bothy,

no Sunday dake .—Please ntate age,

experience and wages required, to J. ላ. HALL, The
Grange Gardens, Sutton Courtney, Berks.
ANTED, experienced JOURNEYMAN,

for fruit. and plant houses, wages 38;- and bothy,
duty paid extra.—Apply with copies of refs; to GRASS,
The Gardens, Grantley Hall, Ripon, Yorks.

Went YOUTH
knowledge of outside

about 17, some
garden work essential.—

Apply W. BENTLEY, The Gardens, Port Regis, Broad-
stairs.
OWMAN required on gentleman’s estate

/ for small herd of Jerseys, also. pigs and poultry;
must be a good milker, wife manage dairy work, wages
45,. weekly, with lodge.—kK. BURBIDGE, The Gardens,
Henlow Grange, Biggleswade, Beds.

ANTED for private laundry, capable
LAUNDRESS and MAN to work in gardens ;

good unfurnished cottage attached to laundry ;
Eng. Ch.; family two, servants ten.—Full particulars,

with combined wages, to Mrs. GARTON, Banstead,
"urrey.
TRADE.
pros AT ONCE, really competent
MANAGER for show garden, best references

essentlal—Apply by letter to G. H. W.,
tock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2.

Box 32, 5, Tavis-

JROPAGATOR wanted in hardy plant

nursery, South of England.—Write full particulars

of previous experience, age and wages required B. K.,
Box 40, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

ROPAGATOR, for herbaceous and alpine

department, wanted at once; unmarried.—Apply
THYNE SON, Downfleld Nurseries, Dundee.
URSERY FOREMAN required, with

thorough knowledge of {the growing and pro-
pagation of hardy plants and shrubs, capable of
directing labour and the general organisation of
nursery stock; good salary to thoroughly experienced
and capable man.—Write, stating all particulars and
wages required, to REGINALD WINDER, Lingwood
Lodge, near Norwich.

ANTED, WORKING ROSE AND

FRUIT FOREMAN, used to growing quantities,

or smart, energetic YOUNG MAN, good budder and

grafter, capable of taking charge under supervision.—

Apply, giving age, wages expected, and testimonials,

stating where experience was gained.—S. McGREDY &
SON, Roval Nurseries, Portadown.

QOREMAN, working, for small nursery,
chiefly Tomatoes, — Chrysanths.. hardy flowers,

cottage provided, wages and references.—LAWSON, 256
High Street, Lincoln,

TIT E

1 GARDENERS

KNIFESMAN, must ከቦ

ANTED. well

up in budding, grafting, training, and other
work.—Apply stating whether married or single, with
original testimonials and wages expected to JOHN

BASHAM & SONS, Fairoak Nurseries, Bassaleg, Mon.

TOUNG MEN wanted. for Landscape and
Nursery work.—Write, state age and experience,
Wales LE ete 16 JENSEN « MILNE, Hendon,

N.W.
with

W: AN TED. energetic YOUNG MAN
some knowledge oof hardy perennials, trans-

Planting and propagation, to take charge of this depart-
ment in a small nmurseryv.—Apply by letter in first
instanee, stating wages required, ete, to RILEY SCOTT,
The Nurseries, Horsham.,

wast: ED, YOUNG MAN, principally for
alpine and herbaceous department; single, state

Wages and experience. —RASHLEY ሺር CO., Throstle Nest

Nursery, Ute ፡.. Yorks.

\ ANTED. YOUNG MAN for Nursery
Work, used to growing "Tomatoes, Cucumbers,

Chrysanthemuns, Bedding Plants, ete. ; state age ex-

perience, — wages — required.—PABRSONS, ኣ ዘኮ።ዞ፻ነ፤በቪቨን,

Worksop, Notts.

ጓላ for small Outside Nursery,
first-class GROWER of vegetables, soft fruit and
salads; none need apply unless. sober, honest, and well

recommended : state age, wages, ete —STRICKLAND,
Stokes Croft, Bristol,

W ANTED. two good gc neral NURSERY
HANDS, some experience necessary, good oppor-

tunity for further improvements, single, state wages.—

HOLLAMBY’S NURSERIES, Groombridge.

G ARDENER WANTED. single man pre-

ferred, for jobbing work. must be experienced and
active, permanent work.—CHANDLELER, | Nurservinan,
York Road, Ilford, Essex.

W ANT XXTANTED, for our branch ut Winchmore
Hill, North London, an ASSISTANT with a good
general all- round horticultural knowledue.—Full parti-

culars of experience and wn to CARTER PAGE &
CO., LTD., 53, London Wall, E.

\ ANTED. JUNIOR ASSISTANT. with

experience in a retail shop doing an all-round
trade, seeds, bulbs. plants and sundries.—Apply with
particulars and twages required, ላ. ROWLES, H,
Market. Street, Oxford.

WANTED. JUNIOR CLERK, ledger and
invoicing principally; preference to shorthand-

typist. State experience and wages. — HOLLAMBY'S

Nurseries, Groombridge.

1. wanted, experienced, to take
charge city — premises.—Particulars and salary '

expected to R. L. D., Box 27, 5, Tavistock Street,

Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

pl wanted, beginning of May, male
or female, competent maker up. one used to fruit
trade preferred, good references essential, state wages
required.— T. WARD ር CO., Bishops Stortford.

SITUATIONS WANTED

Twenty words 28., and Gd. for every succeeding
eight words or portion thereof. (Advertisements at
this special rate are only accepted direct from
gardeners and nursery employees.) Fee for having
replies addressed to this office, 18.

PRIVATE.

(4 ENTLEMAN wishes to strongly recommend

his HEAD GARDENER, who is willing to work
as Head of three or aet. singly: life
both Inside and Outside; age 37:
family. His employer can strongly recommend him
as regards both capability. and energy, he being a
man who puts his heart into his work and js not
afraid of making up on favourable days for those
days when the weather interferes with outdoor work.
He is a genuine type of worker, steady, respectful,
and being naturally quick of action produces double
the result of the slow type. plodding gardener:
disengaged owing to sale of property.—For interview
or further particulars, please apply to GARDENER,
— Box ZYX, 1). B. & Co, sS, Chancery Lane,

experience
married, but no

CHRONIC LE.

1925

APRI 25,

YARDENER, HEAD of several: 2i ex-

perience Inside. and Ont: age 37፻ are.

married, one child: wen]. oreferenees, — W Y AT [.
Chilton, near Thame.

| ላ. STRAUSS. ESQ.. J.P. can highs
e recommend G. WEBB as HE AD GARDENER
eleven. years as General Foreman, experienced, Insid:
and Out, especially in marketing fruit and veuetabl--.
crowing here 20 acres. of Strawberries, 24 acres Earls
Potatoes, JO acres. mixed. fruit, SO acres. devoted t.
market, good orzaniser. —Write WEBB. Kingston Hous:
Gardens, Abingdon, Berks.

IR ROBERT KINDERSLEY, BART.

highly recommends his HEAD GARDENER, life
experience in all its branches in good establishments.
including Dropmore Park, Buckinghamshire ; also
several years Head with Col. Hanbury, C.M.G., Wexham
Springs, Buckinghamshire ; good references: married, one
girl, ten years.—Apply C. FROST, Plaw Hatch Hall.
Sharpthorne, Sussex.

ANARDENER, HEAD, last 18 years Head

Gardener to the late Sir Albert Bowen, Bart., lett

through d ath: life experience, highest referenec.—J
HOAD, . Norfolk Avenue, Stamford Hill, N. 15,

YARDENER,
ment, 14 years?
excellent) references,
Belvoir Castle, Brownsea
well versed commercial
LEE, Sherborne House

HEAD, in good establish-
practical experience all. branches,
including General Foreman at
Castle, and Eversley Park.
work if desired.—Apply. 1.
Gardens, Northleach, Glos.

VP ESSRs. DICKSON & ROBINSON, The
King's Seedsmen, Manchester, can with con-
fidence recommend a HEAD GARDENER with a
first-class practical knowledge of the profession in
all ita branches, and the general upkeep of a good
establishment ; excellent testimonials ; married ; age 38.

1ARDENER, HEAD, first-class experience

all-round gardening, excellent references, successful

with Carnations, fruits, vegetables: disengaged, would
welcome interview if necessary.—BOLTON, Ystrad.
Carmarthen Town.

YENTLEMAN recommends his HEAD
X GARDENER, 28 years’ experience, Inside and

Out, 4 years in present. place.—SMITH, Morville, Sher-
bourne, Warwick.
NARDENER, HEAD, two or more, thor-

oughly competent all branches. including alpines ;
conscientious; house.—cH EDGECOCK, 16, High Street,
Fareham, Hants.

X ARDENER. HEAD WORKING, thorough
practical man, life experience in all branches,
Inside and Out, early and late foreing, Grapes, Peaches,

Melons, Tomatoes, Cues., ete., herbaceous, alterations,
energetic, good manager 63 years as Head. Rockingham
Castle, married, highest references, disengaged. — A.

HIGGOTT. Edithweston, Stamford.

G ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, thoroughly
recommended as to ability and integrity ; 9 years
reference. Head of four, rsopal if desired, 24 years

all-round experience. — FULLER, 3, Salisbury Road.
Watford.
XENTLEMAN confidently recommends
X advertiser as HEAD WORKING GARDENER

where two or three kept, life experience in. all branches.

age 24, married, 1 child.—FRYENKR, Claremont, Welholme
Avenue, Grimsby.
XARDENER HEAD-WORKING, requires
X situation where four or more kept; age 49.
married, no family, good manager,

life experience,
highest references: also poultry and bees.—W —
Box 36, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2

Y ENTLEMAN wishes to highly recommend

his GARDENER, HEAD WORKING: life ex-
perience in all branches : 6 years present situation; age
40; disengaged when suited —HOWE, Moore Cottage.
Coolham, Sussex,

YARDENER. HEAD WORKING, ex-
perie need Inside and Qut; age 33, one child.—
TAYLOR, 25, Mersey Road, Aigburth, Liverpool.

‘IR JOHN HARRINGTON, K.C.M.G.,
እ highly recommends his HEAD WORKING
GARDENER, trustworthy, capable, good manager,
all branches of good gardening, Inside and Out,
irreproachable credentials, including Sir Edwin Lutyens,
R.A.; Carnations, herbaceous borders, fruit, landscape.
c E The Hyde Gardens, near Luton. Estate
wing sold.

APRIT. 25, 1925.

THE GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE.

XV.
ADDED eee, ORR ME ARDENER. thoroughly qualified and OURNEYMAN, Inside nnd Out or Out-
one or more are kept ; life experience in all experienced; requires part, or whole-time, engage- e side: age 21, 7 years experience ; used duty, stoking :
branches; can be well? recommended: married, age ment owing to employer's enforced. reduction.—15, Werter vool references -WARWICK Keverstone Gardens.
42, one hoy nge 12.—WEST, 66. Thorpe Road, Road, Putney. Bath. l i ] | 1
Staines.
^X ARDENER. HEAD WORKING. where QAN-NURSERYMAN is open for engage- FOUN(G MAN, age 24. desires situation as
irn rl ar . ; SELL he 4 ment where owner wishes to make private garden JOURNEYMAN. 44 years. present. situation, 18
i WO OF nope cape — hils — nire help pay for itself; glass, flowers vegetables: keen, months previous in Scotland, mainly Kitchen Garden
life experience, age 34. married, 2 children, excellent energetic: moderate wage with commission on sales.— j a "A FT MeCULI(

references.—J. KEITH, co Mrs. Money, Upton Road,

Sulhamstead. near Reading.
FULLY = qualified HEAD WORKING
4 GARDENER is open to re-engagement > keen and

energetic: good references: age 38;
K. L. H.. Box 35. 3,

married, one child.—
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,

W.C.2.
ENTLEMAN confidently recommends
advertiser as HEAD WORKING, where keen,

interested man required : life experience all branch-s,
Inside and Out: control staff; excellent references;
ዝ years present; age 33, married, no family.—FE.
RYANT, Purley, Reading

QR ERIC HAMBRO. K.B.E.. wishes to
KJ highly recommend J. CROSS as HEAD WORKING
GARDENER, was ten years with the late Sir Everard
A. Hambro, has thorough knowledge of all forms of
gardening, leaving solely on account. of death. married.
no family.—Reply J. CROSS, The Gardens, Hayes Place,
HAM: Kent.

ENTLEMAN wishes to highly recom-
mend his HEAD WORKING GARDENER, life
experience in all branches, Inside and Out, 6 years
present situation; married, boy 14.—COOK, Skeffington
Rall, Leicester.

YENTLEMAN wishes to recommend his

GARDENER, HEAD WORKING, life experience

in first-class gardens, both Inside and Out; good

grower of fruit, flowers, and vegetables, early and

late forcing; 4j years present situation.—Apply. W.

WILLIAMS, Gardener's Cottage, Theydon Place,
Epping, Essex.

ARDENER, HEAD
SINGLE - HANDED, life

WORKING or

experience in all

branches; married, no familv.—S. WRIGHT, The
Cottage, Ambleside, Albert Koad, Wimbledon Park,
S.W. 19.

EAD WORKING GARDENER, Foreman

seeks situation as such, accustomed to large or

small gardens ; highest recommendations from Head. men

and employers as to. ability, enthusiasm and integrity ;

life experience in noteworthy EE ns: age 32, married,

no family.—W. G. €... Box 41, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

Go. seeks situation. SING LE
HANDED, or where one or two kept; age :
life experience Inside and Out; good references ; el
when suited; state wages.—E. H. D., Box 38, 5, Tavistock

Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2,

(4 ARDENER, SINGLE - HANDED. seeks
situation; life experience all branches; age

32, married, t child, age 5: good references: cottage

essential. — HALL,
Weybridge, Surrev.

Kivermead Cottage, New Haw,

YARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED or other-

wise, general and practical experience: age 265

married, no family; excellent. refs.—C. SNEWIN, North
Road Lodge, Leggatts, Potters Bar, Middlesex.

YARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED. life ex-
2 perience, seeks situation, all garden work, little
glass, poultry; married; good refs. — BELCHAMBER,
Copsale, Southwater, Horsham.

YARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED or other-
wise: 26 years’ practical all-round experience,
Inside and Out; good references; age 40, single ;
Please state wages. — B., Westbrook Club, Heston,
Hounslow, Middlesex.

YARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED or other-
wise, experienced all branches, can. drive ear, any
make, understands electric light plant, highest references,
married, 2 children.—R. BATEMAN, Greenham Common,
Newbury, Berks.

ORKING GARDENER, married; 3 years
character, leaving through reduction. statf.—PIM,

Raswell, Hascombe, Surrey.

GROWER, Box 39, 5,
W.C. 2,

Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,

MIS RS. LATTER recommends SECOND
Gardener, HEAD of Two or SINGLE-HANDED:
experienced in all branches: married, no children, age

37; excellent. references; — F. BAKER, Weald Place
Cottage, Sevenoaks.
UNDER, or SINGLE-

G ARDENER,
HANDED, experience in
Pleasure Ground; good references;
Mount Bures, Essex.
LLOYD,

M":
Ww T : Welwyn,

Kitehen Garden and
disengaged.—MILES,

The Gardens, Tewin
Herts., confidently recommends
S. WILMOTT as SECOND GARDENER in good
establishment : thorough experience Inside and Out; age
27, married when suited ; please state wages.

west ED situation, near London, as
WORKING FOREMAN: age 45; married. one
daughter. experienced; could take charge of small farm,
kitchen) garden, Toms.. Cues.. ete., pigs, poultry, bees;
house or good cottage essential: excellent references.—
E. H. P., Box 34. 3, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,
W.C.2.

1 A. BAYFORD. Davenham Gardens,
..e Malvern, will be pleased to. recommend A.
DREWETT as FOREMAN: good experience in fruit and
plants.—DREWETT, Impney Gardens, Droitwich, Worcs,

SOREMAN, Inside, thoroughly experienced
in fruits and plants, present situation 6 years;
excellent refs. ; age 28; married when suited.—H. G. B.,

Box 37, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2

DVERTISER, age 20,
LÀ GROUNDSMAN

secks situation as

or similar post, 7 years' ex-

perlence of turf work. used to motor mowers,
excellent refs.: disengaged when suited.—F. S. P.,
co Mrs. Townsend, 6&4, Lower Court Road, Epsom

— — — ee ——

DVERTISER seeks situation aa KITCHEN
GARDENER or UNDER-GARDENER; life ex-
perience Pleasure Grounds, Herbaceous Borders; take
duty ; excellent references; married, no family.—Apply
R. LEWIN, Brinklow, near Rugby.

ARDENER requires situation,

garden or pleasure grounds ;
perience; knowledge motor mower,
references, 22, strong, healthy, and
Weeting Hall, Brandon, Suffolk.

kitchen
seven years’ ex-

married, good
willing. NIC OL,

YOUNG MAN wishing to learn gardening
seeks. employment. as UNDER-GARDENERH, ex-

cellent. references, low wages,.—BUSWELL, 58, Elphin-

stone Road, Walthamstow, Essex.

Voss MAN, 26. wishing to. gain more
knowledge of inside work seeks situation, Inside

and Out, 6 vears' experience kitchen garden and pleasure
grounds, some inside experience.—Write J. Maddocks,
Head Gardener, for reference, — LEACH, Cowley Manor
Gardens, Cheltenham, Glos.

OURNEYMAN, with 6 years’ experience
e Outside and duty, seeks situation, Inside, under
good foreman; keen, good refs., age 20; bothy; South
preferred.— E. LOCKYER, The ' Gardens, Ashton Hayes,
Chester.

OURNEY MAN, Outside, age 20,

e situation in Kitchen Garden and

wants
Pleasure

Grounds, strong and willing, well recommended by
gardener: London distriet preferred.—A. BOWLES,
Down Ampney, Crieklade, Wilts.

OURNEYMAN -—A. E.
e Gardens, Blandford,
MAN, age 21, as above;

USHER, Ranston
can highly recommend YOUNG
Inside or Inside and Out.

Inside ;
age 22:
Park street, Trow-

JOURNEYN MAN requires situation

vears' experience Inside and Out;
dissengaged.— H. BEASLEY, 13,
bridge, Wilts,

and Pleasure Ground. —A. F. MeCULLOCH, The Gardens,
Haselbeech Hall, Northampton,

M R. ROGER SALWEY highly recom-
mends young man, single, JOURNEYMAN, Inside,
leaving no fault, disengaged.—Apply ARCHER, Batchcot,

Kichard's Castle, Ludlow.
J E. FAGENCE, Roydon Hall Gardens,
eJ e Tonbridge, highly recommends H. SMITHERS

as IMPROVER, Inside, or Inside and Out;

age 10.
Please state wages with bothy.

MPROVER seeks situation, Inside, strong,

age 19; ? years good d HR በረከ 1).
ASIE AB Holkham Hall Gardens, olkham,
Norfolk.

እ .. requires situation as IMPROVER,

Inside: 18 years of age, 3 years’ experience, good
references.—State wages with bothy
Rowbeech, Kensworth, Dunstable, Beds.

to E. REEVE,

E HENTER, Chelsworth Hall Gardens,
À de Bildeston, Suffolk, can with confidence recom-
mend HERBERT CHURCH as IMPROVER, Outside
preferred, strong; 4 years’ experience, 18 years oí
age and conscientious.

V ANTED, situation as HANDYMAN,
or Ordinary Garden Worker, married, good

ref., cottage required.—HURST, Lillingstone

Lov ell,
Near Buckingham.

TRADE.

(1 05 for many years holding respon-

sible position In large establishment, seeks engage-
ment, accustomed to producing, in quantity, Grapes,
Cucumbers, ‘Tomatoes, Carnations, Chrysanthemums ;
good knowledge of markets and glasshouse erecting;

could start new business.—J. E. PETERS, 8, Jesse
Terrace, Reading.
ORKING MANAGER or FOREMAN

seeks re-engagement in Market Nursery, 30 years’
experience Cues., Toms., Chrysanths., bedding stuff, and
general nursery ‘work.—W ISBEY, The Bungalows, Kings
Nurseries, Walton-on-Thames.

DVERTISER, age 30, married, propagator,
A grower, seeds, plant breeding under Mendelian
methods; any lines or would specialise; good address:
exhibitor. — BREEDER, Box 42, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

— Na Man, with good experience of the
Cut. Flower Industry, requires post as MARKET
SALESMAN or MANAGER of a retail establiahment ;

good references.—Apply J. T. G., 52, York Street,
London, ኝነ. 1.
RUIT and Flowers.—Young Lady, 27,

requires post as ASSISTANT, experienced. good
saleswoman; knowledge seeds, anywhere. —212, Highbury
Road, Bulwell, Nottingham.

=" ዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘሀዘሀፀዘዘዘዘ;ዘዘዘዘዘዘዘዘ||ዘዘዘዘሠፎጆ

| FERNS AND FERN CULTURE

Mr. J. Birkenhead’s little book, so fascinating
in its simplicity, and in the completeness and
clearness of its information, can still. be

obtained at
1/4 post free.

Everyone who loves Ferns should have a copy
of this little volume, which is worth far more
than its very low price.

GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, LTD.
5, Tavistock St., Covent Garden,W.C. 2.

TMM በ881

22 E OAOA AANT
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BV fe ምን SA UE THE GA RDENERS' CHRONICLE. Soy Aran. 25, 1896. d

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- WEEKS'S ‘GLASSHOUSES -

3 d ahe otiicom sol- practical: pipeénenus.
At their manübechure ss peces for 1.
| - በብነ than a hundred. years both inp
the detait al their canstrpztion and ihe pai
materials: ed. CATALHGUES, P LARS) - d Dees
AND ESTIMATES: T PERS — am

vbi : > ር). (Chelsea)
WEE “HORTICULTURAL: AND. “HEATING: ENGINEERS, |

$n VICTORIA. STREET, WESTMINSTER, B ነሃ. T Ko — — — at the kinika.

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1825 a record of $ SA years. et ‘sound pae

. GOOD ‘Greculiouses: ldat-cothers. do not.

The ROBIN HOOD BOILER . do

reduces. the fuel. bill. and. saves labour.
Estimates. en application. Free. ae 2 e — —

— — THE SILVER MEDAL dE | us x appre ciation from +. n UT P ES E
— $ — i: damma —
። Oo ( ነ 3j Miss. AL dt XORBIS; Se May “2. "95. DEG
2፡ ORSE s H E B ILE R Y d TRAVERSTOR,, NENAGH, TIPPERARY TASR = 7
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- | Xf ocanomical Healing. Apparatus 85 your: fue Shoe. M
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a etn HOE HOUSE puli in | ábrsut: 3 — ሐ ፡ = |
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SUBSCRIPTIONS Inland: or sia: 3ዐ-- pir: ጣሃ, post ive:
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due. civi jo “Sex a di KS

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with. Supplement). m

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SALES BY AUCTION.

WEDNESDAY NEXT, MAY 6th.
IMPORTANT SALE OF

quantities of Gladioli, Japanese — Lilies, Begonias,
Li A
Carnatio 15, Auticrhinums, Chrysanthemums, Violas, etc..
alxo

BAY TREES IN VARIOUS SHAPES

and
PALMS

suitable for decorative and exhibition purposes,
ASPIDISTRAS, BOX TREES,

Plants from Belgium.

ESSRS. PROTHEROE X

Will s:H the above at their SALE ROOMS.

and other

MORRIS,

07; & 68, CHEAPRIDE, LONDON, RC. 2.

Catalogues post free በክ application.

BUSINESSES FOR SALE.

ላ... ራህ & CO, Nurserymen's Agents,
ፈ yü, Newgate Street, London, E.C. 1, offer small
Nurseryinan's, Fruiterers, Florists and Seed Business. In
Oxfordshire: large shop and house in main street. with
2 aere garden, glasshouse, fruit trees, ete. ; rent on

low

lease, | Price only. £240.

ላቂ UBREY & CO. have various other
4 Nurseries, Market Gardens, small) Holdings,
Poultry Farms, and Frufterers Businesses to offer. Will

applicants Kindly state their requirements.

1... Miles London, Florists, £44 weekly
4 average: suit couple, wanting Clb week; 54. years
lease: price: 8.8. £1,250, €250 arranged, £1,000 down.—
H. S. K. Box 62, ጋ, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,
ጓኔ (መ.

PROPERTY FOR SALE.

IDDX. & HERTS BORDERS. For
Sale, valuable Freehold productive Gardens (about
acre), together with Show House, Greenhouses, Frames,
uildings, etc., all in good order, and situated in a
wealthy, residential district. Almost unlimited scope for
live man. especially in landscape. work. All services
connected. Price £2,250.—Apply STIMPSON LOCK &
VINCE, Auctioncers, Northwood, Middx.

BUSINESS CARDS.

AMES BACKHOUSE. F.LS.,, F.R.H;S.,
e for many years Chairman of the late firm of James
Backhouse and Son, Limited, having retired. from York,
offers his services as GARDEN CONSULTANT; 30 years?

experience. specially in connection with Alpine and
Herbaceous Plants: advice. given for Rock. Garden
construction and planting. also. for permanent. flower

borders, boundary. plantations, ete.—Address for terms to
Caer Feula, Arthog, North Wales,

ROTHEROE & MORRIS, Horticultural
Market Garden and Estate Auctioneers and
Valuers, 67 and 68. Cheapside, London, E.C., and at
Leytonstone, E. Monthly Horticultural Register had on
application.

— — — — — — — — ———— ——

PARTNERSHIPS, FINANCIAL,
&c.

WING to ill health, partner will dispose

of his half share in Alpine Nursery. South
England. Salary and profits. — ALPINE, Box 43,
5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

*OUNG GENT, some capital, at present
Y in business, technical and praetieal knowledge fruit
and flower farming, nursery stock, landseape gardening,
seeks partner with capital: publie school man preferred ;
would invest and manage business.— ENTERPRISE, Box
ከ1. 3. Tavgstock Street. Covent Garden, WLC. 2,

st

THK GARDE, HRS’

ው ው

AVE YOU PROVIDED? See United
Horticultural Benefit and Provident Society's
Advertisement on e vil.

EXHIBITIONS.

— —

SHOW

CHESTER

July 7th to tith, 1925.

84TH ANNUAL EXHIBITION of Live Srock,
Pouttry, Docs, AND Farm PnRopucE, HORSE
JUMPING. AGRIOULTURAL EDUCATION, FORESTRY
AND HORTICULTURE.

HORTICULTURE

ENTRIES CLOSE MAY 27th
(Live Stock Entries close May Ist).

Prize-Sheets and Entry Forms will be forwarded
on application to:

T. B. TURNER, Secretary.

ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OF ENGLAND,
16, Bedford Square, London, W.C. 1.

County Borough of STOKE-ON-TRENT.

27th GREAT ANNUAL

FLORAL FETE

IN HANLEY PARK
Wed. and Thurs., July 1st & 2nd, 1925.

£500 in Prizes. Silver Cups.
Gold ‘and Silver Medals.
Valuable Special Prizes.
New Classes.
Schedules on application to ;
WM. POULSON, Sceretary,
Town Hall, Hanley.

NORTHAMPTON
MUNICIPAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY
THE TENTH

GREAT ANNUAL FLOWER SHOW

WILL RE HELD IN

ABINGTON PARK

ON WEDNESDAY AND THURSDAY,
AUGUST 5th and 6th, 1925.

Schedules and all information on application to :
H. CURTIS, Abington Park, Northampton.

CHRONICLE.

|

pa ————— — ——

May 2, [025

PLANTS, &c. FOR SALE.

Small Classified Advertisements. Twenty word:
(or three lines including headline) 48., and 1s.
for every succeeding eight words (or line or par
of a line). Fee for having replies addressed to
this office, 18. Displayed advertisements, 8s.
per inch, or 108. facing editorial matter.

ERNS! CALADIUMS !'--Begonias, Palms,
Crotons, Dracaenas, Gloxinias, Hydrangea:
Geraniums, Ericas, Lilies. Ferns and How to Grow
Them, by J. SMITH, 3/6 post free.—SMITH
London Fern Nurseries, London, 8.W 9.

100,00

SMITH, Pemery.

rnery,
IMALAYAN, Chinese, and
dendrons on their own roots,
and border Planta, Aquatics, Lilies,
Lists.—G. REUTHE, Keston, Kent.

LARGE GARDEN FERNS.
30/- 100, variety: wanted 1.0%
for dividing. Catalogues free —
London, S.W.9.

other Rhiod:
Shrubs, Alpin -
ete, Write rz

ALMS. Phoenix Canariensis, Chamerops
Excelsa, Kentia Forsteriana, Cocos Flexuosa, and
Phoenix Roebelinil. New price list now out. Also a
quantity of Dracoenas, Indivisa, Veitchii, and Bruant:
to offer in all sizes. Fine lot of stuff. For price lis
apply ROBERT GREEN (1911) LTD., 28, Crawford
8 t, London, W 1.

ላ RAUCARIAS.—A few very fine plants to
4 offer. 5j ft. high, not too spreading, in tubs, a:
35- each.—Apply ROBERT GREEN (1911), LTD. 5,
Crawford Street, Baker Street, London, W.1.

ARE PRIMULA AND ALPINE SEEDS.
from pius (1500) collection, sold cheap; list frer. -

REV. F. J. DERSON, Glen Hall, Leicester,
1 08 GLADIOLI for 8s. 9d., post paid.
The most dazzingly brillant flowers on earth.
with spikes of bloom 18 ins. long; 12 each of 9 kinds
(108 bulbs), all separately packed and named for 8s. 9d.
post paid; half lot, 4s. 9d., posi paid (cultural in-
structions and beautifully illustrated Flower and
Vegetable Catalogues included). — R. KAY & CO,
Goodmayes Road, Goodmayes, Essex.

EGONIAS AND GLOXINIAS. — Kay's
prize strain with blooms often measuring 8 ins.
across : a collection of 12 Single and 12 Double Begonias.
also 6 Gloxinias—all separately packed and named, with
cultural instructions and illustrated catalogues for 6s. 3d.,
poe paid half lot, 38. 6d., post. paid.—R. KAY & CO.
mayes Road, Goodmayes, Essex.

LOXINIAS, fine tubers, slightly started.

ጃ 6 different named varieties, 1 cach (carefully

cked in fibre) for 26; 2 each [በየ 46: 3 each

or 66; 4 each for 86, All post paid. Quotations

for 12 each or more if wanted. — R. አላት «
CO., 3, Goodmayes Road, (Goodmayes, Essex.

INTER - FLOWERING BEGONIAS.- -

We are now booking orders for our noted rooted
cuttings of the above to be despatched in strict
rotation from May onwards at the following rates :—
Gloire de Lorraine, Rothschild and Turnford Hall.
3/- doz., 11.- 50, 21 - per 100; The King, 4 - doz., l»-
30, 28 - 100. Carr. Paid for c.w.o. Book early and don't
be disappointed as many were lart season.—MANAGER,
Dorset Nurseries, Blandford.

OOTS and BULBS.—12 Delphiniums, large

blue, Splendid, worth 1/- each, 5. free:
Glorious Gladioli, 12 sorts named, 10 each colour,
120 for 10/-. List free—JESSE HANDSCOMBE,

Grower of Seeds and Plants, Feltham, Middlesex.

D —— BULBS.—If you want good stuff

for not much money, send your order to

A. P. VAN KESTEREN & SONS, Lisse, Holland.
Lowest prices on application.
VAULIFLOWER PLANTS. —Best autumn-

4 sown plants. Early London and Walcheren, 12°
per 1,000: prompt delivery, carriage paid; cash with
order. Special quotation for large quantities, and price

list of all varieties of autumn-sown Cabbage Plant-

- (ineluding Brussels Sprouts, ete) grown from our famed

select. stocks, at lowest prices, on application.—J OH
GILLIES. PRESTONPANS, LTD... Prestonpans. East
Lothian. Largest Cabbage Plant Growers in — Britain.

Telegrams: ^ Plants, Preston-

Telephone; 24 Prestonpans,

Established over 50 years.
pans"

\

— ፦= — — ጨመ — — —

Easton Park, Wickham Market, Suffolk.

ANON. Large Plants. 12

- specimen :

l Co PAVING, Rockery and Walling

——— ሙ

— — —— — — ወ —À!

AVENDER PLANTS in. variety, 17/6 100,
4 sample doz.. 38; carriage paid.—CHILVERS &
SON, Hunstanton.

ላ SPARAGUS PLANTS.—Connover's Colossal
í (2 years. 7/6 100; packing and carriage, 2-
100 extra.—JOHN PERKINS AND SON, 52, Market
square, Northampton.

C Overstock. Gludiolus flower-

ing Bulbs, 25 sorts, S- 100: Lilium longiflorum
giganteum, 2 - 100; Cyelamen Neapolitanum, 3 -.
Paneratum maritimum, 3 - doz —MOHLE & CO., LTD.,
150-156, Finchley Road, N.W.

EDDING Plants. —Extra. fine Geraniums,
Chrysanthemums, — Asters, — Begonias. Lobelias,

Pansies, Violas, and all others ; list free. MORLE ር CO.,

LTD., as above.

1 AHLIA PLANTS.—Coltness Gem. ex 23
ts: offers per dozen or 100.—CLARKE,

Orsett Hall. Gardens, Grays, Essex.

OMATO Plants, 3-inch pots, extra strong,
.3/6 per dozen, e.w.0.; Geraniums, Crampel and
Denmark. 3-inch pots, 46 per doz., c.w.0.—MANAGER,

PLANTS, &c. WANTED.

Hydrangea,
6 Agapanthus, stone garden vases, 1 Orange tree,
300 yards painted,
warden lights and H. J.
MUSTCHIN, Common Hill Wilts.

— — — — — — — — —

Oak post and railing,
frames.—Partieulars 10
Gardens, Cricklade,

ryYHUJA LOBBII SHRUBS wanted. Send
lowest quotation per 100, with sizes —ÉBARRETT,
Floral Dept., 53, Albemarle street, London, W.

ANTED — Camellias, reticulata; large
bushes.—Size and price to W. CAMM, The
Gardens, Cliveden, Taplow.

MISCELLANEOUS.

RON AND WIRE FENCING for Gardens,

Ornamental Iron and Wire work of every
description. Catalogues G.C. 156; Iron Fencing and
Tree Guards, Catalogue G.C. 65; Wood and Iron
Gates, Catalogue G.C. 163; Kennel Railing, Catalogue
G.C. 80; Poultry Fencing, Catalogue G.C. 70. Ask for
separate lists, CBOULTON & PAUL, LTD., Norwich.

IRDS' BATHS, Sundials, Vases, Statuary,
Birds’ Nesting Boxes, ete.—Catalogue (No. 3)
free. —MOORTON. 60, Buckingham Palace Road, S.W. 1.

PAVING.--Crazy and rectangular
Garden payne Copings, Steps, etc., Grit
other Rocks for ock Gardens; Flat Stone
for * Dry" Walls. Nottingham Marl. Large
quantities carriage paid to any Railway
England.—HODSON & SONS, LTD,
Nottingham.

ጫ ር
IS York
and
Rubble
or small
Station in
Castlegate,

*"ORK STONE PAVING ' for Garden

Paths and Lily Ponds; rectangular or broken for
rustic work; steps and wall coping; rockery.—GEO.
VINT & BROS., Stone Merchants, Idle, Bradford.

QjELECTED GREY WESTMORELAND
MO Weathered and Waterwom Mountain Limestone
Rockery. The finest Rockery Stone; also York Stone
Garden Paving.—HERBER BROOK, High Roa

Whetatone, N.20; and Lightcliffe, Yorkshire.

from our own Somerset quarries; cheapest and best
on market; Sundials, Bird Baths and all garden requisites.
nS, STONE CO., LTD., 24, Christmas Street,

OCKERY (Westmoreland). — Waterworn
|; Limestone for sale in 6-ton lots and upwards:
any quantity. — For Prices, etc., write JOHN
WARDLEY & SONS, Slack Head, Milnthorpe.

Tb

GARDENERS’

YOTSWOLD Crazy Paving and Dry
— Walling .-Stone,—rockery anid all gardeu stone-
agricultural lime. — SALPERTON STONE TILE

QUARRIES, Haselton, Glos.

YENUINE CUMBERLAND TURF, Red
J Shale for hard tennis courte; Weathered Lime-
stone Rockery, Crazy Paving and Stone for rden
making ; White Spar. State requirements.—KEKS AW'S
LTD., Garden Makers for 50 years, Kelghley.

for Lawns.
etc. Dark and

1 ነ prepared
Tennis Courts, Bowling Greens,

yellow fibrous turf loam. Inspection invited. —
FROGLEY & SONS, Hoddesdon, Herts.
ORTHAMPTONSHIRE LOAM from

Ironstone Land, unequalled for fibre and colour;
sample 2-cwt. bags 2/6, ca forward; low rate for
truc loads.—NORTHAMPTONSHIRE LOAM CO,
18, Horsemarket, Kettering. ፪

1... LOAM in England; new Surrey
cutting, very fibrous; truckloads quoted. Trial bags

Leafmould, Loam. Sand, or Peat, 3/- each; B. , 0/6,

Super., 9/-. —1 EBBERT SHEA, 500 Expert, Bom ord.

— — —

ANSTEAD or Walton Heath Loam--A
choice soil for Vines, Roses, Chrysanthemums,
Carnations, and general use; now is the time to stack.—
YOUNG BROS., Betchworth, Surrey.

EAT MOULD for Rhododendrons and
Nursery Work, 5/- bag, 25/- ton, in truckloads
on rall.—WALKER, Pinewoods, Camberley,

RAVEL
stickiness, fo
on rail in truck.—
Surrey.

without
ton
Camberley,

(Surrey), binding
ths and roads, 12/0 per
ALKER, Pinewoods,

OAL, Coke and Anthracite—Trucks to
any station. House Coal from 12/6 per ton pit;
Welsh Anthracite, 27/-; SemAnthracite (registered), 23/6;
Semi Anthracite, 18/6: Horticultural Coke. 16/-: Gas
Works Coke, 17/-. All insizes suitable for any furnaces.
—BUCKLE COLLIERY CO., 59, Hales, Cheltenham.

EWAGE DISPOSAL for country houses
factories, farms, etc.; no emptying of cesspools; no
solids; no open filter beds; everything underground and
automatic; a perfect fertiliser obtainable.—WILLIAM
BEATTIE, 9, Lower Grosvenor Place, Westminster.

50 HOT-WATER BOILERS up to largest
OU size made, all tested: 10:000 feet H.W. Pipes,
large quantity fittings, heating apparatus fixed com-
መጣፉ ከ leno or materials for same; garden
ighta, list free; established here 27 years—C ለ.
CHRISTIANSEN, Norwood Green, Southall, W.

AST IRON -፡ 10661 '”- Sectional Boiler,

slow combustion, big capacity, suitable steam or

hot water, installed Jones and Attwocd, cheap for quick
sale.—W. SWANN, 25, Warstone Lane, Birmingham.

ARDEN NETTING.— Best Selected Small
Mesh Tanned, 50 by 1 yard, 4'-, or 2 yards
8/-, or 4 yards 16'-, carriage paid. Tennis Nets
and Standards. List free.—-STRAWBERRY NETTING

CO., 5, Suffolk Terrace, Lowestoft.
LACK, Stcut Nets, for Tennis Court
Bordering, with stout lines top and bottom.

30 yds. long, 2 yds. wide, 20/- ; 30 yds. long, 3 yds. wide.
80]-. Standards for same, 10 ft. high, 3/6 each. All
carriage pald.—H. ROBINSON, Tennis Net Works, Rye.

OOK !—Garden Nets.—Small mesh, for

seeds and Strawberry protection from ravages of
birds; 60 long, 1 yd. wide, 5/-; 60 by 2, 10/-;
60 by 3, 15/-; 60 by 4, 20/-; 60 by 5, 25/-; 60 by 6, 30/-:
carriage pud. . Half-lengths supplled.—H. ROBINSON,
Garden Net Works, Rye.

ARDEN Spades, special, 2/6; Hand
Grubbers, 1/6; carriage paid: —McINTOSH. Forgue,
Aberdeenshire.

300

FEET Waterproof Garden Wirc for

6/-, carriage paid! ! !. Larger lots much
cheaper. Ideal for Peas, fruit, tying, greenhouses,
barricading, and dozen other uses. Samples free. Cata-

logue 300 bargains.—159, Albert St. Lytham.

CHRONICL

|

E.

. s 111 e.

ERRYMAN & CO, Woking, are the
— -Contractors for Straw Stable Mamüre, ex-Cavalry
Barracks, etc., Aldershot ; supplies loaded f.o.T.

—— — ሙዴ — — — — —

ARDENERS' SHIRTS, made from best
ua. Oxford Shirting, smart clean patterns, all
sizes: lined well back and front, easy fitting, 7 9 each or
two for 15 -, post free. Gardeners’ Aprons, blue serge.
with or without bib. 353, post free. Satisfaction
guaranteed or money refunded.—R. E. DAVIES, Clothier.
Bishops Castle, Shropshire.

NOR Sale, 36-inch Green's Pony Lawn Mower.
thoroughly overhauled, good workin order.—
A. PANK & SON, LTD., Castle Hill Works, Norwich,

CARDENERS? CHRONICLE.

Scale of Charges for Advertisements.

Advertisements intended for insertion In the next issue
MUST reach THE PUBLISHER not later than

TUESDAY, 5 p.m.

Ordinary Facing matter

positions. or back cover.
Page ...........››....። £12 0 0 2. £15 0 0
|-Page .............-. 6 0 06 ...... 710 0
] Page ..............- 3 0 6 ...... 3 15 0
Column ....››››››››። 4 0 0 ...... 5 0 0
}-Column ............. 2 8 60 0... 216 0

SMALL ADVERTISEMENTS.
Including Situations Vacant, ordinary position,
payable in advance :—
First 3 lines (not exceeding 20 words) 4 0
Per line or part line (up to Swords) after 1 0
DISPLAYED.

Per inch, single column ...............
Per inch, across 2 columns............ 1
Per inch, across 3 columns.....,...... £1

a €) 00
መወወ

FRONT PAGE (no display allowed).
Per line space (headline counted as
two lines)............ «eene

SITUATIONS WANTED.

First 3 lines (not exceeding 20 words), 2/-, and 6d.
for every additional 8 words or portion thereof.

(Advertisements at this Special Rate are payable
in advance, and are only accepted direct from
Gardeners, etc.).

DISCOUNTS, &c.

On front page advertisements no discounts are allowed.
On a series of other advertisements, if ordered in advance,
they are allowed as follows:—

For three insertions, 5%; thirteen, 10%; twenty-six,
15%; fifty-two, 20%.

All series must be arranged to attain completion within
twelve months.

Advertisers may have replies to their advertisements
addressed to the GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE Office. -

A fee of 1s. is charged for this service, and
initials, Box number and our own address must
also be included in the number of words paid for.

Cheques and Postal Orders are to be made payable to
GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, LTD., and crossed “ & Co." `

5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

T | : “ Gardchron,
elegrams ኪ

Telephone :
on. Gerrard 1543

oe [THE GARDENERS | CHRON IC LESS 100 0 1. die

< SHADIN ር

Whe: amy. nuit Ee
| በዘ] aud improved -
article. Y.

ወከለ ወመ

| hi tins, GR er White Shade, aJ 464 3 Seach: 3 |
| DR by all Naperymen's Seedemen and Florists

ኣ xA [. የሠ *

6፡፡መጩክ

፦ የ ክራ ao oo ን a
j NNSA Rea EU UO od a ፖ ንያ a አ. "Pmisnem
id , i 3 — Fs: i s ra n J Pek ees — yd ;
OSE. with: scientific. experience place: the 22" WE — e Vira T * s
s oóled ^ "Dovernor 30 attcaclusive class, - claiming that - | F o vi LERS! LAWN. SANE.

SIE ccc. — be unjust das th. efidency resulting from (፡-.. 11... AND FERTILIZER
- d 0 x wW vater. Pooled en vine, to toc asg it. with: angtbing, Jess: peta. 4] ate: — ME | The. Driginstor af Lawn Sanda: t dene
woe iem the: AE cooled: motor: mower: ፲5: ፲5- much Dot ot: date a5 iR o m Me o ባዱ. hi — weed dud di iig vers |

3x —* AS ae z * — * ; a ግ w
U eS me paraffin lamp. "The: moter. Cooled ^ Governor” quves Close —— -1 | atia, “መ ከውዷ. ics Low O

foo ond even cutting. and is easiiv manipulated. የ0980. walks. CES NU —— 80s; EDO 8840. | 8402. E 3435

Ses floweebeds trees: shrubbery, etc, doing away with un- — ዝህ! 0 4 IS

- . sithtly fringes of grass. It i8 the lowest priced and the nost. |
— — — motor mower: on the market.

— FRUIT “TREES |

ibio e tia
MOTOR LAWN MOWER
aAA / |1 CHELSEA sHow

MAY 19-25.

, M
— — dm MUN 8 ጐፍ — d — — T M T.

ብል X dtd 15. 1095. out: dor cour ፡ መለስ ne —
— 1.1 " -frujt: trees: rie ኮዬ at 11 1
፡፡ አዚ COD |!" — banlanent 561. pF. SANG
ም መታ DAA yu ። —— — — |
Ix aM is We de S E A * y
EAA vo E EAE Thomas Rivers & Son Led.
ALMOST TY prd faye ea ! ae :
—006 ፦ c Miu pac a ae “sf A AN "x ER The Nuranries - A l

NT bar a kem — 2 | | SAWBRIDGEWORTH, “HERTS. |
— KENE er ያያ se 1 » | is “Station. a Flatow, L N. E — E ur

quus. EN Pye SONS : We VERMA J——— erp:
ce EVER SIREET EMEN — — J

* FORBES’ Catalogue ;

. Carnations ` : Pelargonimms : |
Phlores :: Pyrethrums +i Gee ——
Hardy Tome yai: Rosk — me -«“ !

(ts tes. all grown and cheep; also. E a $ ES S e rne ‘GARDENERS’ ር 'HRONICEE | 4

ለሃ M = Many Rare and Choice varieties. ^. ች-... 4፡11

| STOVE AND GREENHOUSE PLANTS OF ALL በ95 | E: Horticultural Dicey. | |

ነ ኛ, ` Kindly. send. [ርጽ. Cataiogun. - SS ay he — Miaran, HAEE 8 ለው ne 2
JAMES CYPHER & SONS, ^ui |

Nareerins, —

E Phe: Hericultiacat Directory is ‘not: being
: peprieted i Abie yeur, bét d limited. nomber: ፡ ——— AA — UNS ~~ d — —— —
SE copies. "gf the. Üste for. 2954. are: be ^ | Lr
4 able: at ከር reduced. prige’ “OF oe N : : 808 4 GREENHOUSE PL ANTS l

Ba. post frees ve b que ] | "Aralias, Crotone, Caladismis; Dracmnas ec, ell

PHOSPHATE ( OF AMMONIA E
PHOSPHATE OF POTASH -

I ` Very vonoantrated, especially: suitable ior 3 ፡
"high.olase Gardening ‘Fertilisers. ^^ | |

| PERBY & HOPE, Ltd, Wis T ||

* a * au atíónz 88/2 he “ዘርያ 19: it
Ue ct SRDENERS” CHRONICLE: 576 ን | *
‘Tavistock Sh, Covent Garden, Wi 2.4... SS R.. RUSSELL, LTD., ፲2

pur | Richmond. — Maha. S. P

2 largest and mori vomiplete. wullection e the trade. —

JOHN: FORBES (Hawick) unka. |

Pac of Foliage, Flowering & Climbing Plants -

Stay ፳. aes . due THE. GARDENERS 4 "HRONICLE, aN CU DONORUM.

THE "PATIISSON" HORSE (LAWN )B BOOTS

Pattissons’ Kew. fraduater Büfribular pe SAREL'S PATENT

22 — y ይ 5 Me ገ UH ፔሜዛሄ
dug rovéd 1924 Powers: ርይ ፍቀ iin ይኒ፡

— — PR ከ4504) ht ti AF Uy — ini E
S$ ug doe SHEP ከርበን — — Md

| — ta Sune “| “590... | — 65ኢ64/9.17.4፤ 46. የሃሚ 841158. o 38 SP IKE D R OLLE 8.

XA: iens 30.094 SETS USED LN. TH

፡ Que pium pies
DuC PE NEUE IH Gng- ^
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PD: Cn, donna OF PENCON IATE |.
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Sie Wii Bans (Dardsurr 3A Ltd. 808. e dw

oti | "Tibe hot «oppliod 17 ኒ594ሮ= wr dre 1 -impierasns."

Jilwsetrated |
Prise Lh.
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x the s makers ነ E - =

b. ‘ PMY (5 ህ8፡ exit Trav — qe yore

H. | PATTISSON. a 65. STREATHAM DOMNON STATION, ዉ. 65. .

— 35%. | ፕጩርከጩ።፣ dms Addisombe. BR 1 D. ; HLL 15. . ALL. SECTIONS. Acn
E EOM: Collection i is rotnpletely- üp-m date, iu. doen wi oer c M
"SOUTH LONDON u : = ‘New Cactus: vag. Hn Balies — 89 iw mes EE. ሠ. .
| best ‘ars. ሬት pc NAA o se
“HORTICULTURAL STORES. BEGONIAS

H. SCOTT & SONS A “very fos Cotlectinn:. wt: ‘Recent’ A. — pees

NEW CACTUS. GERANIUMS,
IMPROVED LAWN SAND |

a hese are quite a Novelty: in onsis kg: 05506 ፡ AS
Vats., watho ROVE porated metis. - MS, ws T
“for 480969:

|
| intraduction: 5 zb
js | Als. 892 Ga “Galleetians: of Fuebsias, አክሠው፡፡
አርና and Weeds USE
dE E. SONS.

F

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— Zonal Zonale, &c, be. . x | |

| E 98 Lawns E CAWN as |
|

|

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MPN ቻን Lo

shy Buge- — Post Five.
| 1 £ courta, zt SAND:

|E WOOLMAN. nud BIRMINGHAM.

| SCOTT'S LAWN MANURE ae f ኩ. to 5 |
- 4. square: yards). $9: = pet wt. : ::8፳18 1-1.
B SCOTT'S VINE AND PLANT MANORE.B | -
o- 2 per biis 5520 per. tore ——— paidi | ;

የመመ ር Pu
nyieagtüsand widths. ‘Cord touri
HE The Pots that Drain Neu: fn. d. fpem. beavy,: 44. * yard:

* .! 1. New. coin Sg. “medion tid:

PETER BAILEY &50NS 1:4. | ከ H
Beaton Petett, ||. 896--3 19. 59%. - Light > Bade

f — n | b. De. t ID. sq. D: medias 2 ee —

LOOK! TANNED GARDEN NETS

AAT KE maited. =y ansq mekh; did o
2 ፳ሒ2 not. — T5 41
5 ASL orders: despatched. gebe. ay: Es — " * be a E 5 ን a |
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| y Odd netting for bushes, 5 ths. far 2/8, x fot BEDS, ROCK GARDEME AND RATURALIZ ONG. M M ል ም ር ዚር sa à :
AU SAONE, päid. Any- sizes supplied. Miss. STANISTREET can’ supply now. healthy | | ay PUB CU per quare ad —
Alsi’ Tenna Wonndary- Neta- “young plants, properly selected and. packed bv. |. | — 54

Lb: “ዘፀ qualices, fom: v6) to DUE each.

| NETS: FOR ALL PURPOSES. *
Samples ard. full: particulars. 666: di. ተ
፡ mnafacturers. .

| JOSEPH BENTLEY LIMITED,
2:0” HULL,

Mik id ው of B. Eddy & Sona)

— de Ek f h colle FAN
MOORE * ርክ. ው Works, 1 RYE. [t — rom p EE ን nu nu

x Déeriifes - List Fee:

HILLALOE, co. Senam. pe

| MONAGHAN'S |

_DESTROYER

= 55. ተማ :
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| - Mreshidinans- ነ á B “prepared “Dee tft Ade gualunghii oF "Wlugs. '
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T BATH * — ዬዩዉ avo Ns. Mm d Wez * x
tal la B jorr r D

* is — ‘DEATH TO SLUGS
Is -Hot bean ‘tasted with. the thos: delicate seedlings,
— DELAY. E WRITE TO-DAY.

BRIDGE, ATHERTOR, : ; ፲ d

| MANOHERTER, Phe: best Lawes for all ass.

Apply saris showery, meatier in April.

‘Composed: of ingredients ሦክ fotihsted: ta encourage,
JG. vigorous growth of grade only. ON highest. -

Woes! une es CIS DATED.
“ROSES, MEGUNS, CERT PAREN:
SERDES “UNDER: ee GEASS a

—

16. the uire- yard nly: required. | —
dew. -80/-.. A6 Top BU as The, Mee | P,

36. Carriage Paid: do m Seion. m ue
A. -34 Jbg, 6'-፤ Spa IURE

OMM መ e | ፡ ገኔ ONLY remedy for Slugs. CONI c

ት B “JOHNSTON, | x ዞ ; | ሾክመ 1/6 pe tin. By. post; fd. ‘extra s vun N "33 *
| Fro dibrtieuitural sundri ihe Gent Cat. ni :
Nee Park. ‘Cranleigh, SURREY. A um passiata a Hol, 8:9(46፡50 ፀር! “5:86 E Cow, Stel s Kma ‹. cavar በጸጸከጸ5,.. Lannon, wa

rie eas ቸዖ

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|

|

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/* MONAGHAN'S SLUG DESTROYER” :

Je und thereloro. tovat ecunoinical =? Mí: acera

ኣዛ ያዚድ GARDENE [RN y | CHRONICLE, | DA Ta

— — — — — — e ee —— — — —— cete phe, ሖ - - -
© - a z — — aac rne Ha a — — — ——— i ceed ዖፁ qn, —

S

Mane ኬ ወዋጹ፤ ; = — House Scnoos,.
ዞ.ፕ. Prawinerow ^C 5ሀሠሠ Shaw, —
Cmwereeer Pam. 107. -:: ,ሽ፤ለይሄቓወ6ኬ:/.፡ --

—— ina NAH 265. |

n

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Ca he toe ተ ሶሶ።ገ

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—

MAT COMMMUATCOM

wat Comm

058825 — j ma Ue du EAM
Thrteri Kerker 4... :

I, —

\ Beer: 5825, —*

Lyn ihare pens ዝክነ። ut ous. leat: Ed —
|... Mowors Tor the insi tee ar (ree. —
11! ከፊ ጋ
——— — E 11

.... ከዐ getWng aor ርኬዕጣ a wésk — — SII í

iA 29 ene 052 OX Qout ዘበፖ Drouhléy ^. ... aay

(US There hes been no 8>85፳22ኛደ «f nNP mane de

., wnÉ 1. Ott der thé "Atos" Mower ቋጋ — if

እን) =፳፡ — 161 ዛ2% n,

[:] MES >

| Men who — Us

የ11 jm,

ን XC

— are 1 T COMI

Oen fat stunt p ፡ hell

t^5 ACE

5465 d MOTOR MOWER
The letter ሺውን di otc, የለለ] — the ስ d Dne 2

:- ሺቋ፣ቭኛ babis 4chàels ar which the: ATCO Motor Mower is ‘Used, fe but
-auother rool of the Mele: of dhe machine wherever: የከድር tz. grass te

ni keep gi "atder. abet. git prove ATCO: claims’ by- ብባ ዚኞ ይ 5 ከፎ ARE :
- demonstéatiun on Your eU grass ^ wühout obligation... Foot ADS -
-fo heir 22 eh Motel, €73; 30 ih Model, 295 |

Model,” £50 PersonslTs- delivered. Gusrantece” HE montns. *
aur ፲ i 875 ምረ im seven days, - a 4

wha ake a pride in thar laine should send far sre Js es f RN em bann r kt —— E V — — =

7 Durf Neela” and, ND of Praise. f ሪክ t Ua a SG EUR TET a PAN. uw dies Rr. ፡፡
z CH AS: H. P UG H, Limit ed ‘ SONS EG PUT f diis E ዛብ. V d d Mosi. IA T is -

WHITWORTH WORKS, 22, ከጠ Road, BIRMINGHAM. — ete Vuspü ue en ORS RES --
ga TCOIDIAT TC conma TCORITIUTAT TCO NN ATCOBESR Teoma ya rcom TA ATCO m | = 2 x

E FINEST IN THE WORLD $ : =

za owawina fores frs z a ^ Renovation. a UM Neto s S m. Wu Rar ORS ar
E Puny, Bi Mianee adt Richness ot ae Lawns and S sorts s. 7 |

— Size and: Substance. ut: Pae. — aroun 8. AMA oat es ae

— YeR of Groh 484. Freedom, — ; Ni ረረ. THE ADCO. PROCESS

= E EE. "AE uh "e ‘appr roach.” "af Spring, i | ዘክ athe. ned: Kingdom and ABTG
— — Ue -Büms and: Handsome. — those. having. 54 witge: of Lawns. and ae es - wik buen Te ioo ee

Ec oltage- CAS ee d: Sports Grounds: will ከፎ advised iG | d .| SYNT H ET ፤ ፎ-

= | Batliness and comtiniiane € oi Flower a - inspect: dieit. “Turk: carefully ‘and | is F E.
= YOUNG PL ANTS. RE ለነ NOW =e A prepare te renovate: ‘these. “portions 3 i ARMYA R D MAN UR
i f ሠመጉ —
— “Sirona, -8አክከከሃ and. Vigorons, with ። from. The: tying. Wi inter — * — ee if — fat orgatite ta “Tow pneu ^ 8 & M

VICES rne wit Rae Lap e. ይክ] ፡ As relusc nocino tos KEAS die wt

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= 6:ሒፈ trom Bease, 865437 tor Potting. dese ee — uj Quse A CA, DCO: Ac cel £i r at or 2

<=... "RIMSON, - AÍ MO WHITE, "WHITE. : 2:21: 1 PD it oe inal halt nonstgte of «cff. ዘ ninterials ከ ሃዬ. s à

= bac R OSE. i * parate, —— 2 :| end of. Buttons E Complete. Grass: et ier mee er — “erate D —

— Soe $ = AS S ts * ት... VER, BEDRA Gef ft ያ H ‘

= 105. 80/-. 100. “MIXED, 3 6. doz., QUEM ME xy Fertiliser. GR ‘application. ERO eek — SE RUN packing. tomm ድ But at Me (4... ይ ሪስ

=) | — * . በድ Standard —

= Au. “100, SCARLET: — መ € bos ሀ: —— — ሠ | CUM year: eine pers met stock ADG write, dine imos

=.. MOL 65. 57/8 100." GE -::/19፪. ad poe lee by cory “ያደ DY አዱ der mentioning hix name and mumrest Qooda Bígtioh, ~~

= 1 = F — Dept e 48. A. pe Td EE SM | I. wt የ ADCO makes from አሀ (o Hity Ap 3t: —

— paéked 18 damp ከ0 And kent by pare =. ES — E m | accemihug (o 48:- (186 of Tubbs trotan DS

= ensuring arrival In: psrissb tonditlon.- XE io ADOG Arerietauut <x 28 D. 4:5. f 8:8... 1/ኣ. 3s

= - Packing and Rasta Phatgeid at nos = 11. BRINE ATIRO o see DR aN, Ay, ዝ E KNEE ui

= ORDER NOW. . AMMEDIATE Daven em Ap ጋዘ psi 6:8ሀ)0#- Stations Si ን Wes ፡፡ ገሽ “ያ d

= Chir wines Al = ADCO, “LTD. | FT ሸጠ: Het si

x n x : ! E

5 Clibrans Lu. 1; A trincha 2

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— NS

May 2, 1925

THE
(Bari ' Chronicle
No. 2001.—S 4A TURDAY, MAY 2, 1925.
CONTENTS.
Alpine garden— | Irit Garden—
Campanula Porten- | Iris tectorum... ... 04
schlagiana |... ... 208 Iris Wattil ... ... 200
Dees, acarine. disease Leningrad Botanic Gar-
among ... v ... 289) den. retirement of
the Curator of e. 294
Bulb fields. of Holland 294 Obituary—
ulb garden— Bell, David... ... M8

Gladiolus. Mackinderi 297 Plants, a few = best” 301

|
Lilium Hanzonii — ... =ህ፣ | Plants, summer bedding 298
Lilium Henryi 0795 | potato breeding ... 303
Chrysanthemums, late 303 Rhododendrons. — self-
Fruit garden, the hardy— sterility in ... ... MW
Apple leaf seorch ... 303 Ruys. Mr. 1. ... ... 2ህ4
Ripe wood and crops 303. ፣ skunk Cabbage. the... 204

nivalis and
pseudo -
seeds of ... 505

Galanthus
NaPreisstts
Narcisstts,

Societies—
Deeside Field Club ... 307
Glasgow and West of

** Crardeners’ Chronicle ”’ Scotland ጋ ... BOT
seventy-five years ago 205. | National Rose S. 306
Garden in spring. the 293 ` Paisley Florists — 1. 308
T 2 un , | Royal Hortie ultural
Haarlem International | ; j =
"v hihiti : of Ireland ... ... 307
Exhibition ... ... 304 | Royal Caledonian ... 4በክ
Herbaceous perennials T imbers of ancient
for summer bedding 208 London .. My?
Indoor plants— Trees and shrubs—
Hippeastrum« ... 289 |. Viburnums ... - ... 209
Tetranema mexicana 2ህ) 0 Week's work. the ... 206
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Gladiolus Mackinderi ... m. a ee Jes n. 207
Haarlem International Exhibition 25 * 3014, 305
Iris Wattii... * "ot me "T " EN 25s" 20
Rhododendrons. self-sterility in ... wit ... 3በበ, 301
Rose Roselandia ,.. — * mu 4A E .. 200
Ruys, Mr. B.. portrait of... a Vs — .. 204

SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE.
Rhododendron Exminster.

AVERAGE MEAN TEMPERATURE for the ensuing week
deducted from observations during the last fifty
years at Greenwich, 307°.

ACTUAL TEMPERATURE—

The Gardeners’ Chronicle Office,
Covent Garden. London,
10 a.m. Bar. 30°2, temp. 26

5. Tavistock Street.
Wednesday, April 29,
^. Weather. Sunny.

ON LY gardeners with exception-

The Garden ally long memories can recall

in Spring. a time when there were more
arrears of work than there
are in the present spring. Throughout

the wet winter things which needed to be
done had, perforce, to be left undone. Where
the soil 15 light and well-drained, the paths
and roads solid in spite of incessant rain,
winter work went on no doubt with its
customary regularity ; but in those numerous
gardens where these ideal conditions do not
obtain, winter work, on which the success of
the garden vear depends, was held up at
every point. Digging was impossible, cart-

ing of manure no less impossible. — Young
trees. straddling and swaying in the soil

puddled by rain had to be staked albeit that
the operation did no good to the ground
about them. Weeds grew apace, so that
land turned over and left rough in the late
autumn became green with’ them, and only
in the northern. districts where a succession
of kindly frosts occurred were some of the
eects of the prevailing wetness mitigated.

The psychological factor manifested itself
also to the detriment of garden work. .ላ
eardencr would be inhuman who did not

now and agamn despond at the inability to
get on with pressing work and the discomfort
of trying to do se. Yet no matter how deep

THE

GARDENERS’

may have been his despondency, now that
spring has set in, even though it has come
with its usual severity, hope returns, and with
it cheerfulness reigns again in the garden.
The winter greens may have been spoiled,
but the prevision of the experienced gardener

has seen to it that there is a supply of
Lettuces and such-like — quickly-growing
vegetables. The wet summer and winter

prophesied failure of fruit, but the Plums
and Damsons are blossoming more profusely
than we have seen them do for many years.
The hail of last week, heavy and bitter cold,
has somehow left the trees unscathed, and
hope refuses confidently to apprehend that
this vear in this island it will be a case
of '' blossom and blossom and promise of
blossom, but never a fruit. . . ." The
Apples have not yet opened their flowers,
and so have taken no harm. Their trusses
show thick and close and the trees look
promising. Those, at all events, who found
occasion to get the spraying of them done
and, sto a lesser degree, those who do it
after the blossom has set, may look forward
to a good crop. Pears, so far as we have
seen, are evincing their usual capriciousness.
Here and there, perhaps in all, some half of
the trees are as full of just opening blossom
as they could be, but the other half has
decided to have a barren year and bears not
a single bloom. Mar£eft-prower, greatly
daring, ventures to call in question the
garden doctrine of the influence of '' ripening
of wood" on the production of blossom.
Well! let us wait and see. If in spite of
partial promise there is a good crop of Pears,
we will confess our belief in that doctrine to
be shaken. The rush of work that is now
upon us may prevent the exercise of that
first gardening virtue—observation. If so,
our garden will suffer. Even a little frost
may lift plants, put in last autumn, out of
the ground, and if those plants be not well
trodden in they will assuredly be lost during
the summer. Then, before it is too late, the
self-sterile Plums-—the Drops, for example—-
need to be pollinated ; a simple matter,
requiring merely the tving of one or two
lowering branches of another Plum to theirs
and leaving wind and bees to do the pollina-
tion. Presently Cox's Orange Pippin and
any other partially self-sterile Apples will
need to be treated in like manner. It pays
to do so, at all events, in many gardens.
Then there are the climbers which the high
winds have torn from their supports. They
need immediate attention. Fortunately, the
toll which winter took of precious shrubs has
been a light one. A few ornamental Conifers,
perhaps -—.Abies pungens glauca, for example—
have failed to survive, but for the most part
there are but few losses to record. Not only
is this so, but the early-Howering shrubs have
all conspired to put fresh heart-—if he need
it--into the gardener. Forsvthias have never
flowered more profusely ; Viburnum Carlesii
and Spiraea Thunbergii are full of flower ;
Cytisus praecox, Prunus triloba, and that
wonderfully-beautiful common plant, which
cannot be too common, Berberis Darwinii,
are all full of blossom. The white stars of
Magnolia stellata are, it is true, all turned
brown by the hail, but to-morrow or the day
after other stars will rise in their place. The
double-Howered dwarf Gorse is shedding
its sweetness and luring the bees from the
orchard, none the worse for its winter
soaking. And in the water garden King Cups
and Trollius and Anchusa myosotidiflora, the
massed Polyanthus and the ever-flowering
Primula. Juliae, are -making a brave show,
whilst the Gunneras pushing out their

CHRONICLE.

. for the present

293

— —

great buds, remind us that frost succeeds
hail and that a little litter may save them
from the ill-effects thereof. And so the wise
gardener reflects after his heavy day spent
in trying to catch up with the work, that
although he has had much to put up with
he has much also to enjoy. For the gardener
who does not love his garden ought to find
other employment. The true gardener knows
the highest form of human enjoyment---
happiness in his work—and if that be so
he has at the present time more than enough
to make him happy.

Our Supplementary Plate.—The Rhododen
dron depicted in our supplementary illustration
issue is of the variety
Exminster, for which Messrs. R. Veitch and
Son received the R.H.S. Award of Merit on
April 10, 1923. It is a hybrid raised from
R. campylocarpum and R. gloxinaeflorum ;
the latter parent was introduced by the same
firm from the Himalayas. and is probably a
form of R. arborcum. The colour of Rho-
dodendron Exminster is cream, tinged with
deep pink. It is a most glorious variety of
similar habit to R. campylocarpum, very free-
flowering, and appears to be equally as hardy
as that species. Mr. P. ('. M. Veitch informs
us that the original seedling in the Royal
Nurseries at Exeter is at present a sheet of
colour.

Fédération — Horticole
nationale. — The international
conference held at Haarlem in connection
with the international show was very well
attended. Mr. Ruys presided. Holland.
Great Britain, France, Switzerland, Belgium
and Luxembourg were represented. Several
American horticulturists were present as
visitors and both Mr. de Ja Mare and
Mrs. King accepted an invitation to join in
the discussion concerning the American
Quarantine Order which practically prohibits
the importation of plants from Europe.
Both expressed their belief in free trade for
the

Professionnelle Inter-
horticultural

plants. Canada was admitted to
Federation and so was Germany. and after
admission two German horticulturists took
their places as delegates. We hope to give
further particulars of the Conference in our
next issu».

Acarine Disease among Bees.---At the quarterly
meeting of the Executive Council of the
Scottish Beekeepers’ Association presided over

by Mr. James Cochran. Kilmarnock, at
Stirling on the 26th ult.. Mr. G. W. Avery,
on behalf of the Edinburgh and District

Association, called. attention. to the necessity
of legislation to combat the effects of
Acarine disease. and moved that à committee
be appointed to take a plebescite of bee-

keepers in Scotland. on the subject. | He
believed that bee-keeping would not make
any substantial advance until there were
measures to deal in a drastic way with
disease. The motion was eventually ruled
out of order on the ground that no notice
of it had been given, but Mr. Avery
intimated that it would be brought forward

at the next meeting.

Kewites at Haarlem International Conference
and Exhibition. here was an interesting
gathering of eight old Kewites at Heemstede,

Haarlem, on the occasion of the recent
Conference of the Fédération Horticole Pro-
fessionnelle Internationale in connection with

the International Show on April 24 to 27.
Those present were M. Gentil, Curator of
the Brussels Botanie Gardens; Mr. Gullick,
nurseryman Nalisbury: Mr. A. 8. Galt.
Leeds University: Mr. Goemans, Dutch
Consul in Belgium: Mr. Waugh, of Messrs.
R. H. Bath. Wisbech: Mr. Bintner, Luxem-
bourg: Mr. Horton, of Messrs. Bees, Liver:
pool; and Mr. Chas. H. Curtis, The Gardeners

Chronicle.

On -

rüirsery of Benet Bennrty.-
Rardoner, Ate jeri:
mighty.

Mer m — oe.

um rele

th: pin i
of - 8ርኖዊህ1ር9፡ win- avdebmted: - aut the

pe. € —— EN year.
ic well-known

82571. ot: ብኤ bead |
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years 4 Ame Due c PERAN.

cilo riiai: byona large xothetmg. UE members,”

d Roler: et

ገም. 41፡6. fei and frends f. Herr: Hobst; ad.

“ earn: Joho JBenacy [19 ndetiphinientacy:
apeere he ECT E teal ats jw pwlirtum. dne
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ERIWER. thue. 412. have. been, WR, Thé በጣ የላ

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Meere m | "ire Cate. oErndass Mage. —
Society ab T tait omi "a
pu s Orchid. Chib: pertes
reek 0... Myeolagicnt. | |

.- Gardeners. Chronicle” ‘Seventy-five: Yours,
አዉ Stanvick Nectarine Ene Brann te,

Nettariany TR) ub dTenytti — Jae; Silr: ጊ
"On ላኛርባ በ1... ‘the: With: t Nr qu fret:
tsveuty-fonr gimus ydoele ! Agi መመ.
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uvis: "uf: inve. three 91 ys
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“feeb somo. perpung. beige.
the present. sale, 81.
CMS atnicther.
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(to the publie; he Duke: ja.

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they flourished und priced, roate ^ S

— uf E japoniea: Wi ተ Flite ira udis ia
pide muuves Che: edges i atte. BORER TR ----

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hardiness 607. 585. Gegni Fr for’. du —
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TRIS TERETE IRUM:
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ar 110. Spiny nf Rangni Hall at: an: — Japáteac- - ladies: planted thie: ridt on. t

- (ከዕ: ከዐክ96፳ c anabl
= api = "epi tias name

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THEO i GARDEN ERS iy CHRON ICLE.

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THE. ORCHID HOUSES. '

as «9. pouan Dardener io SIR Tergan Comum, 5...
Pant Button 2905, Heignté, | —

ial allied Genera. SPavileyaa —

ከዚ ፡1ከ14: Jdemuvsd. | bel ore: griehi
ams "nunierous hybrids raed hy y inter-ceadsing — direc dighe ae teti
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| ፡በርህ።(ቪ4(.. the omasi nngoriant SEPUHE. ret REE NTS iniu: i
“Orchids | “wider. eulfivatian. - Nov chard | KUU a and: Shrubs, ——— Ata Ba pip hes
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s gsenaoh for: Tapteng- በዕድ plants: ax dn —
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8-1. SPORT. seeds: gown

and Ventilating.Plonty of DEM iat auly, kopt groving: dunne: Her agtunnks
M ‘Building up. taut, dir luce ከ28 patted en inis 8ሄ%-8በርቨ pabr,

qoi

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—
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nu የሃ - ኮዕቭኛ
rong. drying, winda prevail. |
ited through the top. "wantilators. aueh.

pure; "aparituly, ma wage an: Mie Jeswani, rts, uui ap dos th ‹ ‘fle

| proper thee ዲህዌር፡. dhai: 1ክ።- —
ose vf. d y dedi a anos phen “haide: "ee E ings ter ds. appe 4.
variatur 18 us "odi rug the Ser -: 856. iru “surcoundinga: ” will be ficca ty
end. d We

ERE: “their -1,,4::9.- 8:0. thé panicles, ut; Haters: ate
ይ ላህ ፎስ ex - developing: - a በክር positiou.. dont f debis,
3 saliniterod— 881 wink: ig tha pest TAGIN
tag dies plauta, thus ensuring: Jharvoness in thy:

rowel, ።

SUD, SocAtiorhis ebuge ጩ giant | wil need ety).
| wo Shea * a Copal attention: ju phe "matter". pho wai taring: . |
is — ead m aud ot "euni a — ting (on. hoto diya o wapone upplius 881: be^
ahrühs: shouldbe dao dinmadiatiy: cad ter: They | : Messi Ty). 4911 feeding: in irwqumut or bns
hae; “pumped ^ nti of. dier. "his consiste dn. wath: aid ,፣ክዚክቨስር - 880014. ከህ ';የ#68,69 ብ - koc

| Plügis raised front ane: imay ims
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‘thease Abould: prov? useful qu hare) log Jus es
foreground: aa darme quoups. or. 7 qti; URN. 89.
these qt. maler: ucenaone.
-Primule — e Pomada
MIS 89: ^ m b.

ratting 9፪. a the: 519 | rosis - “whith: ate
Rae warited CRA that: Ahe በ6ነና: shoots may
T fide Sample duni: va. Develop. “aad: produre `
“healthy. ov A 9911719690. eain he; xt YPEES,
Agere ;

— lite ከል w — ‘bean: —
w, |6694. ete See hae "inre: ዘርህን pe.

——— AST Nor ረሚ — — — -ፍ —— — —

Ard ያ aiie- emi ait nde paie Pe
provide isis * retectibi Aden at; DECKS, YS
^t hat s How thign tes make tical:
A anette: Adi wor Nay phate: yehiah | duré

ass “papy 84 [806 1. ae a
—

— ied ዞ. oe 3

፦%. mua

-Bower ptem. arid: good colour in^ the: renes

Mays. pars —

—

TNT H
NL (ና

Vi ህል: “ሪክ: pane ; TE Hesse ንው
SNOW th ቋ 881105. 'ቴክክብበሎ- in Neb m aee gen
filled £o manh ^ Ati. anch: ed ehuir CR
sott fons pirum ‘Hirde prts ^ d heat as
“i AEE = ears Tanri, Kae woii e addition: ir
“36. eer ን ማሰር ine: ochühe twine — 7
pro” Saaana: Seco c UT

Should Ta “prepared: :6ክ0.- thie

*

| “awaited hore pie Mice ilit. ን. ——
— Seeds; hide 6614. “bes bandy ቀ
ርቦ ጠሎ: wile doy edited - i sei Geiger. hematin

pad ur whist” isk?

pa TEL 6. quare. f pigas à
ae ovk sedes "ሠ

hast ne,

he በይነይ ከዘ R

ROID . tung. dor the er pan da ^w] ET Jes Z E Juris nap qd à $ sie 3

i (men observed, o bs “pushing: ከህክቪ Wee * 1 — Te odes: cati Mane: Á r — x ፡ aie S plants HEU
ot^ the. "dist. füreucd | pando- bulhais pr ...481፻/፡. Pireti Yom ., EL UO iei i o e M dit EA Ts SA —
growth. ; Plants: ‘that producat hen mites 28ች.፡ cetus n “prewar: ፡፡ iads. ern DRAN | m A wir ah ላ Ute d. 4.8 ፲፻? ማን et
Haring. ae date: eratan: arel saute att eS eost een X cune es 2 አባዊ * — * ve d ን > v ud A n
87 thit wha re: And. 810914 ihe “gay: veri sunto: ፻ hitin a Subsbuntiid ነ oe — — — i m A vo A,
M Ame hopes Mop) spo ቁ ለ” ማከ ፈል MIS mo qe ie mui. dol
— (riot. pier should. XU Ja i j 2 ጀር — amd 3e: ` ROERE ATR 3, d diet 14 2

6 sinit Suppl mis - hs EU

proves meet: hea fain’. — A ote

ghi PspliAtion. nee #/6ህሀ1 በ" Hie: ——
— thre: uNES —
Neat tat ከ. Are

z bens ps: vitume He fiet

cud 18. Tan a: J— aas
ihe: ple "Tess amb: AOT praya s m
የህ dieser mend 4. ክነ: ate » ae
ነ He Pd ene w HERA EI OM Mmi.
eter apoB. athe Dri:
imus SUM. Vds dee

*

dB
Chet -
uh

: 9፡1 a
— wi

—— QU PAP.

~

i Tae Ges

ታ
ኣኔ

er 2 pf Ja vcr ፡ ከብር E
ine. Tier dome. Xiusde Melt: aiia
i 3 Euless — i J en.

ve P. — Salens ‹« o qe A 565)
Ss ; Sheets A M >

5j i sie : 39/88. የዜ moa -4
he sotiare ari aed des fs seeding | መከ cos
Oe ‘Gonder. hodhi tene dw Heldet. dew ‘otis 1
with. Clean SNR ^t: deep 4 fruite vicer
MSS 4h "effi. i bint du Trae. —
slager. WES Nene. "ከ6: inre ዕጩጨባጁ ot lApdrE ቡ
phe Güte ‘around: “ህቨጽ- : plants. - SE: ee see
ከ60. /ዜኢነበ8116. Tithe drom : ghe &tatyles- mge BGA
bel uret ats al Ade unte . shed: due i
odiaken © በ16, “using. PMY 17: a PRG A
ctbe thiis. E vosti: 1:88. And:
"bleach Molor '4ከዕ teories: E ES
Cem 41 54910. houll dae quus
Monitors When clie Foliage ^ s. quie dc. S
“Newt y-planted ` Trees. recs usi pue 952
።፡ በልኪ walls. bhoid 138: Gixárnined — BoA,
5288 he iie Jn: de niiet. vondian ዩታ ENE.
va Hun Nepean th at bs Mee d XN

RU 4 bé

THE aa ARDENE ERS’

E —

kawta —— bye ኮዞበ1/8፪.
pleat these "Efalceotariue-
EM ting © Stocks, | eut 'aBoid. other:
x: protetta Agnut date - gfound- ተፎ
n. "plactüg- aborti 8ሀጠፎ. tranches armund tham:

" sii

——— በት — Bak ፣ ን Ho =
oct ከ fiat; Getler የ849. bre የፈ haie "enchied. zx
ee WM dac this — pt. ———
31. sate — pie des

ae sna gs «6 M du dide ህሎ Fe ie Ai feoda àhe- euttiü Jed: as — ት emus
Dm ce — qeu — iniit at the: week. AR CANT
mp in 5 ፲፪ thon: alies
EUNT Ms M BE ee ee : — Cold. Frames. All 31106: ህል? ak a at:
| ወበለ7455 - — Ast. ayer. os 2 Pe ከልና niire ነክ cold. Traraes: should. bes —
misteria እጠ. be applied after ihe wo ዘበ abundance | of au On. Hue days with”
CREDAS * iph —5 6465:7 th — alle:
EP የፍር. ቤዜ: Aelii. bot; ds should: poe die: phun ME the: present. dnónit:^
pu ‘chink dy. dedos 84፡1 Mp: varnih — JM ultio. nimis rc ERN
Hue LOL EBSA NR eee ELA t a le ASQ;
ርብ. Appie id Per "Press. Wa bere ህብ |
trees. ‘have: boeni. Tm-graftel. and cles 994: to:
exclude the uir, ቭ ballot. day: ‘should ba
n pxnrnined. "daily du dot. vevarther. amd i fedad
1147: Che cored camfally. " የዘህ፤ር8ዘርባ ከና.
neni 4o WHO band © "OVER Oak nM E, «dh i m
inire At የዚ. pi 'ጥኮህቹ will: heap” pes q T
"1 18 “AR! ኣጋ ክበብ የጾ "drove. us tight 1ዚ
E PME 86. Jae: ይሂ. ihe. de. an የነበ... ንሪ.

a ው).

(EG

E cu. Fiir Gardener {o the- Ha. 3053. (Garena
SDN CPydesden Xacy, Docküsg- | ! . RON
— Jane A RUAME at War. Bana d —
pers qué he made sn the: hendhes: quépured. EN
dac advised dn 9. previstas. vealendar. Uu mot: vg
mek ፡- 16: dinul ' ወጂ በደ። - Aj RS dines. "hat. ^
eh tor ouk teuan. another: fortnihty fen:
:::-“ዜ ከር: hee seeds) pf bs Swing c decr. eee p SOME AY
T “nota God: atl. dangers From: "frist. wl. ኮ6: ver. J aa
(There are several qmod. varieties 116. whaiao s
freu, some: pf the ከ696 being, Best of ADS
, Vtbssul, : fwearlet Er miperor, . and. Prize winno ENY
hay” "et: deseo: "warieties. | gen liberal’: ML INN
ment, "wb produce: pond, straight henra funi
81. "purpeses. Grades harden’ ከ፲. the MEN
yanis ef Ahe earlier powing. quad dis. DS xh
GE Cpotà, - but በ67 UDE ከ8 16 DRS ‘hurky o EM
pint. Peta rub de Ther irm, unes c
aunt. nil danger: at ሄህጩ ህየ. DEM
Baetroot. -it -፦- Pri suitable: Aime ‘
he main Bow ig p Beetraot,.: both
eng: And gilatwe- ቲኒ "Desc «Da "nob ‘chine dry ፡
fe eround with: whith. freshi. manure. has -
been! recently". tneorporated- or 3hu roots wii ~
መደበ PUT DL 119 206114. 46. iris Hades
MER Jet piren Shiite apart dope di sharp Eae
eS Sateh., dus; ዘ” due iex Süre Very: partial « dapes
ን 10449:፡9 seeda Hote’ posero wes. are trouble- - 888
sense cie ee sedditags in ‘tome. districts; and §
Oed: guid irar 88. ef them from the aed:
pds E 86/9421 dreoted: Rests: Are, equ red for
rhe aucun shinies: Moles ahoutd. bo- ከ661. ጄ
| ከባ. ned. erit dinity - amied 460... drupptay dta :
M ደሆ Tour: Weeds qai the: aentre vet. ‹ "በ14. od
| ዛበ፣ “ከሳባጣ:. doa n QM thank 'ቁ[ርሂኩቁ 7
dors show. pürpoges | dei Dore; pedées: ace. Maren
aew An these wards: My — tidia zs
de ' Chicory. - 1198 560100.. muy ከሁ. dh ‘Nia? AD :
" tine በክ በ157 inside Oma toed: lY.
apart: Be yu: Keipig: 4፡86 RAK Free ፡በ(".
eonim, Hitti attention: WAN Den. equipe: 1411 a
; Mire rónta በዘር. 89419. 189. nb Hue onibus
UT hater vray. bes ‘brovehe.’ PUT ade Pei pred: undet-
N

md qug ie 6:8 greenhouse: X Cor S: i Vai n i | » —
ehe: tosni fel yogi - hienchied RO ANS NR NAE LF ተ እ ርብ
(miae Ae Weleome: dion we (winter, : Vales. Tian} gis PUE 5 ———

T Y gas di s may uos De temaval and divided.
y^ si

u View to planting the. divided: perucns--

i : | qan od border abut dà pot ERPINA - T6. the:
ES Tas Jarviis: —— "Hast o ov Losaus mid-day son. dew epror rosy be deptanss

del Lowtüer 48586, Penrith, Westiorelànd. eheck. Maring dry weather hy wpréying he
Ei Lothian Stocks. Plants” nad deb n: planis n^ frequent '9ርርጸ880(8 with: sitet A

rd som. án.- unuacy dre qitrésing.. deeely Sut

“himos. Fioni: aieh 810. | Fighite frs. Wc
— altogether. This, treated: 4t wil bec
Cente ta) transfer 'ሂከ958 a TUM flowering -
ene. du: the sé6oni : wak) Aet: d May (dst
| Shatin.) ‘Stocks: thrive. ana” ‘Hower ‘beaks ait.
eenid, thikt has beer: previously. well etriched ;:

— Bow miaire ABE: i khe Hierna,

sat Ay Mito
— ROW
1163418915 OB
የ9 «ዐዐ: —

prem 4 —
15%ዐ. mme. jpa ait
tbe “ear feey | BOW THES

CAE —
aai በ1: mese

F suich. Beane A: 4 s iii "er BJEN eans-

E hat. Joi piaua ዳስ: የ ያሰ. ቁ mar በዘፍ. Wa di: SON ፳፻ jz x dia Cai
ri ies. PEN LN PHO. ፲. EX: MA የፈለ ys i s E VAS avaiable.. Tie suwine < nes ከዙ. dadowed. `
ርብ ias. DPA: anas. "Haw; cR aes abaut ien odas by thie irat. E Aber.

አዛ 4 Ww. Buur vonditis. nil Any; 1908 cadum — ou. pui. i Bank border. - 2

“ሣ A '
—— AL de ን e ና) e x AAT ERAN
“7 8 ሚክ P " — "c * - ጊ ፥ ri * 7

GH RON Te DE.

CC ——
culter s
810
"by —*

great. Pare: when: Tung- the. plante; i

Nu do: diving A hietu^ borde. dà werds: thea p
08 Bru. Hara: Perie |

CRHE

iQ ninm
MESSA 5 Hent 21:14. note
:.(1: >
E. situati ion; -
:- [ሀ8፻::(86011' should “be

ofübundaner of imate wc repaired: 4፡5 thet a8.
eee KD fe ጋመ

grow imn ኦፍ

C [ር9]9:ሠባ[; ave whárlsy በይ. AS: thi. abel

2 458.. from three feet ta

! F apati 1፡1 withy,

et: ntr. du. :

pee Der id 7 — b. Arnold, =

'
P —— መሓ: “ቁ”

BULB GARDEN. |

"GLADIOLUS

- ኢየ፲ክ6፻68 lad (08. 1 p ii e dn
BEIM awhieh deecaived ^ ds R
፣ Monit ons Xprib 3E: "ja beni 19. enit
for’ say) eonaclerable number: vu years, x
; Eythwere mm this) POT Tase. 8060.) thie. xa.
^efüwiup penes. 1k was feud. nn Mount
n Renin by Prof: Mackiinter: pf rif. uus,
oxford, "irc 1980, and ነክር. Brab” ‘plants. በ): thee

ኳ፥ pa J
NE wd: Sv xd

አህህ! in 19601: ብ እያ) W í
፡)ፁ. 490165... ^el. "Bladsotas. a8

CHE. Mug. TETANO”
Uplate ara ph é moski “paiinder: r.
vige. shown. by du

10811 i E

Ji Ramsden nibo pias

LO ile

PSA ከር8919ሀ11. gabout. (Ug iybrids: ‘by (Peas 8
€ thor. #ህ።ርዘ8 |. phe: feveering: ጸ19ክቤ-.38
s And | grow Aout — eet: —
inomi:

^ TE HENRYI j

“dotala. foin ‘that -delightial: specs

-«ክክደከዚቦ,. "dt pretense: les
A ቹቦዐሰቪኪ፡ — ቭጅ ኮመር

dak ka ቴከጾ:368:..

c fobage.: um
Apron dual: aeree hat ር8፻ቫሮቦ፡
“timer: grins De pelos - “at

plant:

"ftis: dg Ow don. Tad; ; with: Rowan
— 8651: 54 ፡88ሀ0.. ENTE planüug.- .በ6.- ኃ581:
Br tits ‘pease ; n. oun mu

Def 4 beats

“awe MANSONIN 1.

vun ና ፲8ልስኮ8፡፣
FN dede Matan: ክርር dts flowers...
Mi “alt
Martawan VaAlies.
five: frets:
which:

1408: - ክካጻናዞቭ9ቢ. flowers, . y

aéilexed. ‘avd’

pres:

a lieoláte : ores ነ

cpi. di wu. Tke testure. 3

Hp OUR ‹ሮ፻935141)5. au: ary spring i:
X half “ክጻባ9 “popim ghem ፡
ips this Jal, whieh: cuneis —

They "re “eS eight: aang ---- =
«malim. “ዕ1፡68የ.. nd. deybiridiers wl. üoabthss ;
And lds Gigdbdus: ivanabl.

ው» <= ም:ሪ LE

ENET cO 2 አር ክእ
ላና ኤኬ spe gil dis እ መ E)
DY KENES a AS d Edie b irs hi thie
, pocos. PATES ; የ ን

| os Hinecut: vy ESA 2:22 ip wes
EUM dea eun Addis. “wind #1. — DUM

wh on

os Taa ja: mié: EU Mie Wery inda cud T
garden: Liles 68 - became ——
vif Tru jpovaeditely- aer 18 Juttoduetioh -
rom, M'esterm Chine < dne EL 511... ቦክሟባሦኛ -
::, የ"8(ክ019:8 - ; -Specigeum., Dan ches Porm
LEES dre users - ^ And. odes; toe "Bon...
::1ሸ08:.:ቪ: was ክቪ6ዕ%ዝ፤./ -8፳. he. s yellow wpnéis :

! fastidióus Bees "ME. fie Md
S &tisidion, ^ad aitthiough Aes. MC A a ! Nee ox zm
:ከ6ቨ-ቋከል፲6: 00.
qud - ct
ARIS መም

መ ርበ ፡ "pot: ሓራ
dened y»

Medi TOR ከመው

The plant: attains a ከ፡ጩ1ዚ ር
ብዩ atomo
“pearly: c
-1//9፻011.. prit. otangs-yelliaw;. 2
arante: BEE ox

dar ac = oS
buc "the Rowers Um the e
shape- - that —

Chabot differs, considerably. 16: ከ661 d 2

Ehe prex ae tiwi diting በዜ and: ንር
August Hy the

3.19. Adis TUE A PSRs
Bene ———

dM ሚካ? ኮት. (ነዐ በክ. አኳ. ፡1ሻ8889ክ8 ነ: aS ——
SEES Abie earliest — et species | Oris ህከ. info ".:፡:.
. ፪ኮ6ህጣክ dn codes spring, and osui y በ096/ሀ፲8/ ም
from the middle. 46. the tu DF 4፡99 ስር —
j E Ate. esc with bec Riase ' — C A RI
.. E 8ካር 1:4. admira dy. du as A Avis — —
diuined lani, and ait “ia We- Agathe dae: quieto —

ote: tulba: among. éther plidts Gr tow zrowing 000
shrubs, these latter. ordinc. ተደ 1 go Y

Br i ipe ዘ s% tt ME coe
n esete pou |

"MA |
+ ብያ * bo A ul
SEAIS CA (ቀሃ

| ቦርባቢክቲዮቫዥ were puised? and, 88/1941 «ns 8. pine: —

iti: ፈር Z

ibl urn: ህህ Bou S 19:60: iet
“sowie VR nO se

Ths Se Nae. ip cre ad üdusi “Rigen, "E ad —
wilt c natta: do . ከዩዌክቤ- se deum wx Bi -/::::--::.-
“wells: deat; የዛው: 1.1: BURE very: Tehusth RUE
d when: ‘planted: OLS Uitte: esse EE will ACE
Heir from: J 98: den —
ele. tete The: fesomia ine f 7h dee ——
pringe poliais. ea atr Chem . dreafty- ር
tensia by thie. 599907 Height . priben

2s "E

SUMMER BEDDING PLANTS.

— —

CELOSIAS.

THESE are some of the most useful and
ornamental of summer-flowering plants, und
a batch of well-grown specimens never fails
to attract attention.

The colours of the feathery plumes range
from pale buff to deepest crimson, and
include rich yellow, old gold, carmine, and
light red; the stems of the plants, when
seedlings, give an idea of what the ultimate
colour of the plumces will be.

To obtain large specimens the plants should
be grown in gentle warmth until they are
ready for putting in the beds and never be
allowed to become pot-bound. Jf dwarfer
specimens- are required, tho leading shoots
may be pinched once or twice about a
week or so after the plants are potted on,
but very fine plumes may be had by
growing them naturally and specimens three
fest or four feet high may be easily
obtained.

The seeds will germinate quickly in a moist,
warm atmosphere; they should be sown in
^ light, sandy compost. So soon as the
young plants are a couple of inches or so
high, prick them off singly into small pots
and place them on the shelf in a warm house
to keep them sturdy. Water them carefully.
and the pots will very soon become full of
roots, when the plants should be shifted
into four-inch pots, using a compost of two
parts loam, one part leaf-mould and one
part old Mushroom bed manure, with a
liberal quantity of sand and fine charcoal.

Some of the young plants are very
precocious in showing their plumes; these
may be pinched out if the cultivator
desires bushy specimens, but the plants
must be kept growing actively or they
will become stunted.

Celosias are gross feeders and forin roots
rapidly even in a small state, therefore
they may be fed with weak liquid manure
at the second potting. The next potting
should be into six-inch pote, using a slightly
rougher compost, and the planta at that
stage may be transferred to a warm frame,
where they will grow very rapidly. They
should be well watered and fed, using as
an alternative to liquid manure weak soot
water or an artificial fertiliser. The plants
should be well syringed in the mornings and
late afternoons of bright days. They are some-
what liable to red spider infestation, but this
pest may be kept in check by feeding and
syringing. So soon as they begin to show
their plumes they may be removed to the
greenhouse, and any that are growing tall
should be staked and tied neatly. Continue
to feed them lightly until they are in full
flower, then give them clear water only.
Although these plants need plenty of
moisture they should never be watered
indiseriminately, or they will droop and fail
altogether. ‘They should be looked over
twice daily in warm weather and only
those watered that require it. Celosias are
very useful for making a display in the
flower beds and are especially fine in hot
summers, Not only are-the stems coloured,
but the foliage also is very beautiful as the
plants reach maturity. They make splendid
subjects for house decoration and will last
in flower two or three months if carefully
attended to. When in full flower specimens
In glass-houses should ከቦ shaded from very
bright sunshine, as the blooms are apt to
fade and lose their lustre if exposed to the
direct rays of the sun. R. W. Thatcher.
Carlton Park Gardens, Market Harborough.

HARDENING BEDDING PLANTS.

lr is time to proceed. in earnest with the
hardening of plants used for summer bedding.
Many plants are seriously crippled by ex-
posure to cold winds immediately after thev
are taken from the pit or greenhouse, where

THE GARDENERS

they are frequently and unavoidably subjected
to fairly high temperatures. They should be
kept close in a cold frame for a few days,
and be gradually accustomed to the admission
of air in increasing quantity until they can
withstand full exposure, when the lights may
be removed entirely.

MIGNONETTE.

PLANTS raised under glass in pots may
now be planted out at from twelve to
fifteen inches apart. Seeds may also be sown
in the positions where the planta are to
flower.

Mignonette needs a firm soil, and the
borders should be thoroughly consolidated
before either planting out or sowing seeds.
W. Auton.

HERBACEOUS PERENNIALS FOR
SUMMER BEDDING.

1ፐ is generally agreed that the needs for
adopting labour-saving devices in the garden
are as urgent to-day as they were in the
worst years of the war, and where satis-
faction ean be given by adopting methods
suited to the times, it behoves those hard
pressed to keep pace with everything to
practise them. i

The wintering and
plants for bedding takes up
and space which can ill be spared, in
spring especially. For the adequate fur-
nishing of formally arranged beds, there is
not, it must be admitted in many cases,
any alternative to the use of the general
run of bedding plants, although since
Antirrhinums became so popular, the necessary
labour has been reduced considerably owing
to the ease with which these plants may
be raised, and the little: time they occupy
space in heated structures, compared with
other suitable plants for the purpose. But
for beds away from the parterre, and
borders which call for countless tender
plants, there is everything to be said for
adopting labour-saving means of filling them.

Roses have helped many over grave
difficulties of recent years, and cannot be
too highly praised, and where Violas and
other hardy subjects are made use of for
carpeting the results over many months com-
pare favourably with any scheme of summer
or autumn planting.

Other labour-saving plants are Pentstemons
and tuberous-rooted Begonias, and now that
there are one or two more Dahlias of the
Coltness Gem type available, they should
prove useful in many cases where Dahlias
hitherto have not been employed for bedding.

raising of half-hardy
valuable time

_Coming to true hardy plants, the only
disadvantage they have is where the beds
have to ከ6 filled in autumn. But this

difficulty is more apparent than real as,
for instance, where bulbs are employed
over a carpet of small plants such as
Aubrietias, Daisies, or Myosotis, as none of
these will impoverish the soil to any great
extent or interfere much with the perennials.
In any case they are ready to be removed
in May, when a light covering of old
manure forked carefully in the soil will
replace all that has been taken out by the
spring-flowering plants.

Where the beds have to be cleared in
autumn for special planting, the perennials
should be planted for the winter where

they can be easily got at and prepared for
lifting again by going around the roots with
u spade and raising them slightly in advance,
soaking the ground thoroughly. if necessary,
at the same time.

Unqualified suceess depends upon planting
ngain as soon us possible, the passing of
the spring flowers being the signal for
immediate action. If the work is well and
expeditiously done there is no fear of
failure in good soil if two-year or three-year
old plants are used.

CHRONICLE.

May 2, 1925.

Amongst the plants which adapt them-
selves to this treatment Delphiniums are
excellent for large beds, and it will be
found that frequent removal tends to reduce
their height a little, which in many cases is
an advantage. Included amongst Campanulas
are several of merit, the varieties of C.
persicifolia in blue and white, being especially
noteworthy. and they do not exceed three feet
in height. The purple-flowered C. glomerata
makes a pleasing groundwork for Gladioli, in
fact the latter will be found an invaluable
association for many other kinds, likewise
Galtonia (syn. Hyacinthus) candicans.

Erigerons transplant well, and varieties grow-
ing about twelve inches tall, like Merstham
Glory, violet ‘blue, Beauty of Hale, mauve, and
Asa Gray, buff, are very showy.

Chrysanthemum maximum in its different
varieties will occur to most as being well
fitted for the purpose in question, and if a
few plants of the border type are mixed in
with them, the bed will be made attractive
over a very long period.

Coreopsis grandiflora treated as a biennial.
as is usual, leaves little to be desired.
For safety Gaillardias in many soils are best
wintered in cold frames. Lychnis chalcedonica
furnishes a bright display in scarlet, but the
best subject in this desirable colour is Geum
Mrs. Bradshaw. Here again Gladioli should
be included for autumn flowering. Mention
should also be made of the eyellow Geums.
of which Orangeman and Lady Stratheden
are good examples. Perennial Asters are
obviously indispensable, and varieties of
medium height give the best results. Other
plants which may, with advantage, be
employed include Jnulas, Helenium, Helian-
thus, Rudbeckias, Veronicas, and Phioxes.
and these by no means exhaust the list.
Y. G.

ALPINE GARDEN.

CAMPANULA PORTENSCHLAGIANA.

PORTENSCHLAG’S BELLFLOWER has been for
many years in cultivation and has proved
itself as entirely worthy of our appreciation.
both for beauty and hardiness. "This Cam-
panula has also been called C. muralis, the
Wall Bellflower.

It 8 a delightful
four inches high and
pretty glossy leaves a
Violet-blue flowers. It is suitable for the
edge of rockwork or front row of the
border; it is lovely on shady or sunny
rockwork and it is very beautiful in the
wal garden, where, when once established,
it appears to require a minimum of soil.
I once saw a mass of it growing in the
old mortar of a somewhat antiquated green-
house, and very beautiful it was under
such semi-starved conditions.

But the typical species has been
shadowed by the appearance of a variety
known as the ‘ Bavarian” one, although
there is some dubiety as to the correctness
of this title. However this may be, €. p.
* Bavarian variety" is well known in the

plant, growing about
producing above its

mass of large-sized,

OKET-

trade and is readily procurable by that
name. It is of slightly larger and freer

growth than the type, with finer flowers of
a lovely violet-blue.- The plant flowers with
great freedom, and is valuable for depending
from a wall or over a stone in tho rock
garden. It was, I believe. first known as
Campanula mollis, and T met with it as
this many years ago in a then famous
garden, although at the time the name of
mollis was viewed with some suspicion.
Neither of these plants is fastidious re-
garding soil, as may be gathered from what

has been stated above, and I have found
them do well in both sun and shade. In
shade they seem to be longer in flower,

TH m

— — —

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HAVE YOU

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cre. bn iin. Soe ae
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(Det 14. — on the. patha ar drives: mar the es:
‘beauty of your- garden CAS :

DESTROY THEM WITH.

፡ COOPER'S "WEEDICIDE

Lv DO d to. 100: parts water = .:

ra % des nai cal agent a rected,
and the path weeds. ! a —

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CHERCULEAN. POWDER DER WEEDK1 LER.

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S igir attaciive ] TF ioii ቁፅር qus ih fo qui d ipe: adis der የዛጉ Jerite ነፅ:

"Werke መመ COOPER & NEPHEWS, Ltd., Berkhamsted.

* f EIE — TT etie ን m mats «86559

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TYE NEW UNBREAKABLE CHAIN
— AND SPECIAL RIGIDITY

gums Yr m " m mem d

1 155.1 ቂፍ 21 (ON.

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the ordinary strength. -One
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— — — —

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| SUMMER- KEEP OFF THE SUN

WINTER- KEEP | IN THE HEAT.

TIBMÁRSH |

AND SONS.
WOOD. CHAIN- —
[^ BLINDS ዞ
BLINDS

1 . ዚዚ UNIQUE OUALITA UP arent Be AASEN

TRANSENNA WORKE: T)
LONDON. 4.1

|

y ‘Drie application #0

፲ HARBISON $. “Reliable WEED KILLER:
OPE iil keep your Garden Pathix. Cartage Deliver, ete.
, free from weeds for atleast 32 month. ‘The best,
—— Tor Imlay, Plantain aed Danddtan 18 Lawne |

riahieas. the: Gravels Trams: Saying 18 Lahr. ©

| guion. us 5598 73808 ,,. 12/- vxtrà, Carr Pale -
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-plese nate that this Weed Killer |

mises 1 toba of water, Helig donite %
mixed with 5 gullona of water will |
sauer TMA gffestiveti,

“Horticultura Chénilét, WEED ^
READING. 0

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mungets. Chemisis and: Frores at: ይዘ
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| Abol. Limited - m X : Pu | — EOS
10, Rien Paddock Wes Ker 7 Fertilizers

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iE VoLENCE ||

THE BRITISH HUMANE ASSOCIATION .

|| “Dahlias, Pansies, Violas, Hardy Her !
| baceous ang ‘Alpine: "Plants. "should

un conjunction with THE INVAT. ip CHILDREN'S AD | 2
2. | ff consult our. Plant. ee Poit

AS 5 SOCIATION. requires: a or ao Mause i Me the: eer
Coat ow: nominal: rental. 10. us SOME ርቪ porary |
children who- ከ396: to be ; |

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PENYA assisting ^in: thin: Ee benésolence wil be.
Maga m. reat and an Eph Modan A Address enterar

| | The Han: Managing Direction: ru EM 1
BRITISH” HUMANE ~ ASSOCIATION
Humanity. Hes. WESTMINSTER. | A

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$ 3.
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(^ he pitti A SPNERE.” TURTE A” Laven Bop O^ —
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= perhaps” dhe most” “popiilar ም
Brown Turkey, hit Mere. dne

: GEO; BUNYARD. & ር0.. Th.
Els “MAIDSTONE. ee

May 2, iges-

(NOTES EROM MAID..

“GRACES. ANB PGE FOR
TURED. GREEN HOU, SES S

ግዙ foltering 2 þe facom

ሠ apes. Black. ያ E
— doubt the best 4.

: eund: grape. for. ሀ. cold, Pouse . |
fe gers freely: and is easy to

;gulttvate.- EXE. Wika ys ghe. ;
Amater 3. Grape QF! the.
inte: varieties, Bosker 5 ‘Seeds |

ding: qx Hes best ; SFE sed well

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and the Havin miyi —
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Ager, 7:6 and. ca 6 fach es
UVEGEPANLE ANY: SLOWER vus
REDS: -AWe iwould- mind readers: ..
(hot nr Seeds dre eacly Üs frinaukits ልት

AA Herz. nad ` ette ti ያየት Pars:

4/8##። Tres:

‘The Royal Ni ürseries,-

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0088፪5 S PLANTS

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WwW. “WELLS, JUNR.
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DOBBIE & co. m. 1

PHLOX pE je
RETHRUM, 85. - |:

_MERSTHAM, — Piet ። ::

300

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EDITORIAL NOTICES.

ADVERTISEMENTS should be sent to the
PUBLISHER, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

Letters for Publication as well as specimens opens
for naming, should be addressed to the ORS,
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, London.
ommunications should be WRITTEN ON ONE SIDE
ONLY OF THE PAPER, sent as early in the week as
nossible, and duly signed by the writer. If desired, the
signature will not be printed, but kept as a guarantee. cf
qood faith.

Niustrations.—The Editors will be glad to receive and to
select photographs or drawings suitable for repr duction,
of gardens, or of remarkable flowers, trees, etc., but they
cannot be responsible for loss or injury.

Newspapers.—Correspondents sending newspapers should
be careful to mark the paragrophs they wish the Editors
to see.

Urgent Communications.—1/ sent by. telegraph, these
should be addressed "Gard. Uhron.,” Hand; or. by
telephone, to Gerrard, 1543.

Special Notice to Correspondents.—The Editors d^
not undertake to pay for any contributions or illustrations
or to return unused communications or illustrations.
unless by special arrangement. The Editors do not hold
themselves responsible for any opinions expressed by
their correspondents.

SELF-STERILITY IN RHODO-
DENDRONS.

ROM time to time the question of self.
F sterility in Rhododendron species has
been raised, and it is well known that a
solitary plant will often fail to set seed even
after the most careful pollination, while in other

tet,

*

J

ሚ የ ሠ

FIG. 122.-RHODODENDRON ACUMINATUM.

(A) pollinated from a distinct plant of the same
species; (B) pollinated from a distant flower on
the same plant; (c) pollinated from same
flower; (D) control of emasculation (nat. size).

gardens the same species fruits abundantly.
In similar cases it has been suggested by
careful observers that pollen taken from the
opposite side of the same plant is more
effective than that from the same flower.

Perhaps an account of the followlng ex-
periments, conducted in the Rhododendron
House at the Royal Botanic Garden,
Edinburgh, may help those interested in the
subject.

Casual cross- and self.pollination was carricd
out in 1923 in order to ensure seed of as
inany species of Rhododendron as poszible.
The results were most unexpected, for, while

THE

GARDENERS’

seeds were obtained from many, others that
had been carefully self-pollinated eventually
dropped all their capsules. In no case was
any failure recorded where pollen from a
distinct individual of the same species had
been used. On the contrary, nearly all the

capsules were of exceptional size, even on
the plant where self.pollination had failed
entirely.

Some species, which may be considered
sufficiently isolated by reason of position,
lack of affinity, or date of blooming. set a
fair quantity of good seed. These were: R.

FIG. 123. CRHODODENDRON ARGENTEUM.

(A) Pollinated from a distinct plant of the same

specles; (B) pollinated from a distant flower on

the same plant; (ር) pollinated from same flower
(half nat. size).

acuminatum, R. Aucklandii roseum, R.
barbatum, R. brachyanthum, R. camelliae-
florum, R. campylocarpum, R. floribundum,

R. heliolepis, R. hypoglaucum, R. Keysii, R.
Kingianum, R. longistylum, R. neriiflorum,
R. Nuttallii, R. oleifolium, R. polylepis, R.
racemosum, R. spinuliferum, R. triflorum, R.

villosum.

Others, such as R.
argenteum, R. Hodgsonii,
produced only a few
good seeds in each.

Absolute failures were R. arborum, R.
ciliicalyx, R. fulgens, R. irroratum, R. lutescens,
and R. Thomsonii. On the other hand, R.
arboreum 9 x R. arboreun album &, and
the reverse cross, produced large capsules
containing approximately 600 seeds each,
while out of several trusses selfed on both
plants, only sixteen sceds in one capsule of
R. arboreum album matured. These sixteen
seeds failed to germinate, although a high
percentage of germination was obtained as a
result of the other crosses. R. decorum and
R. irroratum also responded fully to cross-
pollination, the former alwavs failing when
selfed and covered.

Last year a definite experiment was carried
out to ascertain the respective values of
eross- and self-pollination, and in selfing, when
pollen from the same flower is used in con.
trast to pollen from a distant flower of the
sume plant.

R. aeuminatum (Hort), a variety of R-
mucronulatum, which belongs to the Dahuri-
cum series, was the first subject. This plant
had always produced plenty of seeds. Here,
a number of unopened flowers of equal age

arborum album, R.
and R. loehmium
capsules with a few

CHRONICLE.

May 2, 1925.

were carefully emasculated and covered, and
were subsequently pollinated as follows :—

(a) Six blooms were crossed with a practically
identical plant of the same species. All
developed large capsules, as shown in A,
Fig. 122, containing an average of 396 good
seeds and fourteen half-developed ones.
These seeds were all much lighter im
colour than those in succeeding capsules,
possibly due to some factor introduced
by the male parent.

(B) Six blooms were pollinated from distant
flowers on the same plant. The resulting
capsules grew more slowly and averaged
seventy-four and fifty-seven light seeds—
less than one-fifth of the number of good
seeds produced by the cross-fertilisation
in group A.

(c) Another six blooms were covered without
emasculation, but were definitely pollinated
on the same day as the preceding, with
pollen taken from the same flower. Their
capsules developed equally with the last,
but two were afterwards lost, so here
the average is for four only: sixty-seven
good seeds and seventy-seven light seeds.

(n) Several flowers were left unpollinated as
a test of the cemasculation, and none
showed any signs of having been fertilised.

The illustration (Fig. 122) shows the largest
and smallest fruit of each group.

All the capsules contained good seeds, and
ovules that had been increased to nearly the
same size, but contained no embryos, and
minute ovules in varying proportions. It will
be noticed that the half-developed seeds were

e. | `
k- Ls ZS

FIG. 124.—RHODODENDRON MADDENII.

Pollinated from a distinct. individual of the species.

many times more numerous in :theV self.
pollinated groups B and C. This suggests
that where pollen of less potency was used,
not only were fewer ovules fertilised, but
either the resulting pro-embryos were not all
vigorous enough to mature, or the general
stimulus of pollination was weak, and did not
induce the flow of a sufficient food supply
to the young fruit.

Since every stigma was
pollen till it would retain
variation in number of seeds
due to imperfect pollination.

R. argenteum was the next subject. and
here a similar series was emasculated and
pollinated. Trouble was experienced owing
to the large amount of nectar secreted,
which caused the stamens and style to
damp off, and also to a weakness at the
hase of the pedicel. Eventually, three of

covered — with
no more, the
could not be

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302

almost a phosphorescent lustre. Pentstemon
heterophyllus should be as largely in demand
as_the ubiquitous Nepeta Mussini, which is so
excellent as an edging plant, being in bloom
the summer through.

Still another dwarf plant which belongs
to the “ Best Plant" category is Potentilla
Gibson’s Scarlet. Not even the most vivid
forms of Anemone fulgens can outdo the
brilliance of this Cinquefoil; but few garden
plants can equal its industry in blooming.
Well in bloom before one dares to plant
out Pelargonium Paul Crampel, the admitted
king of the bedding Zonals, Potentilla Gibson's
Scarlet vies with it throughout the season,
and a few of the bright-eyed blossoms will
witness the mournful passing of the Pelar-
gonium when the icy hand of frost has
dealt its stunning blow. Over the vermilion
carpet of Potentilla blossoms the chaste
spikes of Anthericums were never more
entrancing, and this may afford a hint as to
the association of these two good plants.

Campanula persicifolia Telham Beauty is
so superior to the rest of its tribe that
half the older forms and varieties of C.
persicifolia should be eliminated; another
Campanula to enthuse over is C. lactiflora,
but it needs to be a seedling of a first-
class form, planted in the very young
seedling stage, and thenceforward left undis-
turbed except for the purpose of freshening
up the surface soil and top-dressing with a
good fertilizer. In a midland garden of my
acquaintance single plants attain a height
of six feet and a circumference of twenty
feet, the whole area being one immense,
fountain-like cascade of daintily tinted,
starry blossoms.

Gaillardia Mrs. J. McKellar is one of the
best border flowers available, and of un-
equalled glory within its own brilliant
family. Unfortunately, this variety, like that
wonderful Geum Mrs. Bradshaw, has been
so greatly in demand that some traders
have distributed seedling stock which betrays
some recedence from the true character of
the original, but from the leading hardy
plant specialists whose names it is unnecessary
here to mention, the true stock is obtain-
able.

For a dwarf, compact, golden-yellow
flower, I know nothing quite so good as
Linum arboreum. It is an old plant, and
the one point that is difficult to under-
stand is why it is absent from so many
gardens. "There are, it is true, some cold,
wet soils, and some bitterly cold, exposed
situations, where it is not easy to keep
the plant beyond the second year; it
really needs a third and fourth year’s
development to secure its full glory, but
lime rubble and burnt earth are again the
safeguard on wet soils, and a few branches
of Yew securely fixed in the ground around
the plante in winter afford protection enough
in the most windswept gardens.

Salvia virgata nemorosa is & plant which
may or may not appeal strongly at first
sight. Personal taste is a variable factor in
these matters, but age, condition, and en-
vironment of the plant under notice has
more than all else to do with the degree
of appreciation with which it is greeted.
A small plant in its first season does not
produce a very striking effect. Growing in
close proximity to blue or purple Lupins it
scarcely shines to the greatest advantage, nor

does it require Nepeta Mussinii closely in
front of it. Those who extol the charms
of “Blue” gardens may disagree on that

point, but there again concession must ከር
made to personal taste; I like my true
blue flowers to stand out boldly in 8
setting of sulphur or lemon-yellow, and my
rich, full, purple-blues to likewise stand in
contrasts, although I equally admire blend.
ings of the mauve-blues, the lavender-blues,
and the lilacs.

A row of Salvia virgata nemorosa which
had been three years in situ backed by the
lemon-yellow Althaea ficifolia, with several
stems of medium height per plant, and

THE GARDENERS’

Anthemis tinctoria in the foreground, im-
pressed me last year as being quite apart
from the ordinary run of herbaceous border
plants. The spikes of flowers were uncount-
able in their multitude; the blue-purple of

the flowers proper was wonderfully rich,
and the bracts were of a redolent shade
which one sees in tawny port poured out

in a good light. Those plants bloomed with
the utmost freedom from early June right
through to October, the freedom with which
flowers were cut prolonging the period ርየ
blooming. It is one of those plants which
will grow practically anywhere, but succeeds
best where its roots are in strong, moist
soil and its herbage in full sunshine.

Of Kniphofias there are so many varieties
that one may speak of favourites rather
than be dogmatic in proclaiming any one
to be the best. My favourites are Corallina,
practically a self-coloured flower of a tint
between coral red and Tangerine orange;
the Beecroft variety of K. aloides, a giant,
and late flowering, and Royal Standard, the
combination of yellow and scarlet making a
very striking flower. These Kniphofias seem
never ending in their season of blooming, for
they carry the season of bright garden flowers
almost into early winter.

Anemone japonica Louise Uhink may up-
hold the claim to be the best of ዜ highly
meritorious group of autumn-flowering border

plants except in the eyes of those who
dislike any departure from plain, single
flowers. The variety Louise Uhink is large,

and approaching the double flower, but it
is not ungainly, and it has a distinct
advantage in its powers of duration.
Gentiana Purdomii is decidedly a ‘‘ best”
plant for whomsoever wants a Gentian that
will grow without whining and pining for

special nursing and continuous watching.
If one has not a rockery it will grow
quite well in front of the herbaceous

border, the only necessary precaution being
to mulch the ground under the plants with
perfectly clean shingle, the object being to
prevent the prostrate flower stems from becoming
bespattered with soil whenever a sudden
rainstorm happens. The tubular flowers are
arranged closely along stems of about one
foot in length, and are as freely produced
as those of any Campanula. Geum Borisii
elaims my affection both on account of its
wonderful orange-scearlet flowers, and their
smooth, open countenance. Every blossom
seems anxious to reveal the utmost of its
bright cheerfulness. The Geums are glorious
plants for the garden, as they extend their
flowers over the whole period when the flower
garden is most enjoyed, which is probably one
reason why Geums Mrs. Bradshaw and Lady
Stratheden are planted so extensively.

The last plant I will deal with, not by
any means because the list could not ከር
indefinitely extended, is another old favourite,
Oenothera missouriensis. Probably the reason
it is not abundant is that good seed is
but irregularly procurable, and seed is
undoubtedly the correct means of reproduction.
I have succeeded jin rooting cuttings of
young growths taken from the crown, but
the plants have never attained the vigour
and spreading habit of seedlings. The
charms of the plants are manifold. not
only in the large, uncommonly pure yellow
blossoms, but in the narrow lanceolate
leaves with their silky surface. the rich red
stems, the pretty seed capsules, and in the
coral-like brightness of the voung sprouting
growths in early spring.

T have purposely skipped over such plants
as Thalictrum dipterocarpum, Aster Amellus
“King George," the double (Gypsophila,
Incarvillea grandiflora, and other universally
acclaimed plants because it would be but
repeating a familiar and oft-told story to
tell of their merits, and my purpose is
rather to call attention to plants which
have not received quite their due share of
publicity, but which should not be over-
looked when making selections of really
serviceable plants. A. J. Macself.

CHRONICLE.

May 2,

TIMBERS OF ANCIENT LONDON.

1925.

DuRING excavations in connection with
drainage and building schemes, many ancient
remains of native timbers have been brought
to light in various parts of London. Some
of these, particularly in connection with the
original embankments of the Thames, are of
early date, others being of a later period.
but all are of considerable interest on account
of the various kinds of timber that were
used, as well as the remarkable state of
preservation. of some of the timber.

Specimens of wood-work, in the form of
water-pipes, piles, bridges, and planking have
often been brought to light in our own
days, records of some of which have
appeared at the time of discovery. During
excavations in connection with one of the
London docks, unusually — well-preserved
examples of Yew and native Pine were
unearthed at a depth of about ten-feet, and
from their position appeared to be lying
where they were felled or blown down. In
both cases the bark and some of the
branches were attached. A portion of each
stem was sawn into half-inch boards, and
when planed and polished the beautiful,
warm colour and delicacy of graining of the
wood were much admired.

Only a short time since I was asked
to inspect several sections of a water-pipe
that had been taken from a London street
after having been in use for upwards of
three hundred years. Three sections were
preserved by a City alderman, and attached
to one of these is a brass plate with the
following inscription :— Section of water-
pipe laid by Sir Hugh Middleton, 1609-1613.”
The Elm tree trunks from which these were
cut were eighteen-inches in diameter, the
borings varying from four-inches to six-inches
in diameter. The timber is to-day in as
perfect a state of preservation as when buricd
underground fully three centuries ago.

Amongst other examples that I have had
an opportunity of examining, those from the
Tower district and Roman London were by
far the most interesting. Very few of the
wooden houses that existed in London at
the time of the Great Fire (1666) are now
standing, and though Sir Walter Besant
makes mention of one as being in the
churchyard of St. Giles, Cripplegate, recent
search has not been successful in bringing
it to light. Of the 13,200 houses destroyed
by the fire, which started in a baker's shop
in Pudding Lane, bv the Thames side, most
were pitched throughout, and some of the
charred Oaken beams were pointed out to
me a few years since in a building that
was being demolished in close vicinity to
the Monument.

Amongst the last of
houses, were those pulled
Cloth Fair Street,
St. Bartholomew the Great. They were
built of several kinds of wood, including a
few Oak beams, but mostly Pine and Spruce.
The bank of the Wallbrook revealed piles
of timber, and a fragment of a bridge over
the stream is preserved in the Guildhal!
Museum.

In connection with the-
new London Bridge, in
Michael, Crooked Lane, large quantities of
native timbers were brought to light. The
firet embankment, on the south side of
Thames Street, was formed of large, solid
trees of Oak and Chestnut. roughly hewn,
and about two-fect square, whilst lower down
the river, at Dagenham, the original embank.
ment was also formed of large trunks of
trees, Yew having been used instead of Oak.
At a depth of twenty-feet, a line of timbers
was also found, the Yew only being in a
sound condition. The Yew trees were of
large size, from fourteen-inches to sixteen.
inches in diameter, and perfectly sound
except the sapwood. Willow trees were
also found, some being two-feet and upwards
in diameter,

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LE ICBWORTÉ
QOERTS S

May 2. 1925.
In 1826, ) exeavations in Tooley Street
revealed in the peat, Hazel trees and nuts.

the latter quite sound; also Oak and Beech
wood. both black and hard as ebony.
Between Thames Street and Crooked Lane.
a large number of strong Elm piles, eight-
fect to ten-feet long. closely driven together,
were brought to light. Only once have I
seen Larch timber uncarthed in London, and
that in connection with a water supply
abutting Southampton How. Parts of a
bridge and sluice on the Tyburn stream
were shown to me a short time back, but
the timbers were for the most part in a
decayed condition. A. D. Webster.

HARDY FRUIT GARDEN.

RIPE WOOD AND CROPS.

Market Grower must be a man of ex-
ceptional courage or he would not dare to
question, as he does on page 272, the
intimate association between ripened wood
and flowering in fruit. trees. He is not,
however. alone in his conclusion that there
is little, if indeed. anything. in the old
theory that unless. the wood is properly
ripened before winter there can be no crop in
the ensuing year. That neither the presence
nor the absence of late summer or early
autumn sun has the slightest influence on
fruit production. is seen when the subject is
submitted to such deliberate consideration as
that of your correspondent. The flower
buds. essential precursors of the next year's
yield. are in process of formation from the
spring onwards to the autumn. [f they
receive sufficient nutrient matter from start
to finish they will build up their organs
perfectly, irrespective of whether there is
much or little sun. It is, of course, true
that perfect buds do not necessarily spell
fruit —unfavourable weather at blossoming
and = uncontrolled attacks of pests may
intervene to cause failure. but in their
absence crops are impossible.

The governing factor in perfect flower bud
development seems to me to be nutritional.
The excessively burdened tree has so many

seeds to finish, in obedience to one of
Natures primary laws, that insufficient
nutrient materials remain for the proper
sustenance of the developing blossom buds,

and they do not attain to perfection; hence,
I believe. the ungracious and unnatural
habit of bearing in alternate seasons. Jf
the food supply could be divided so
accurately as to mect the full demands of
swelling fruits and developing buds, annual
bearing would follow, but there are difticul-
ties of knowing what is an adequate supply
and of assuring that it shall be assimilated
regularly. The former problem could, doubt-
less, be solved, but the latter is so largely
dependent on the weather in outdoor
culture that it appears to be beyond
solution. Varieties of Apples which are
notoriously alternate-year bearers out-of-doors
under under

erop annually in pots glass

good management, and this seems to me
to support the assumption that correct
feeding is a first necessity --in. pot culture
it 18 within the growers control, in open
ground culture it it not.

Overcropping at all ages 18 a most

dangerous evil, but especially so while the
trees are young, because it may then create
a habit of alternate-year bearing which may
become a permanent characteristic. Most
gardeners have rules in respect of thinning
which they apply according to conditions,
and alternate-ycar cropping is not nearly so
pronounced a feature in their case as it is
in commercial places where thinning is either
not done at all or receives no better. than
perfunctory attention. This, too. goes to
confirm the view that food. is the first
consideration, for it is well Known that it
is the seeds and not the flesh of fruits
which make the largest and most insistent
demands on the tree. Then again, the private

THE

GARDENERS’

grower can devote individual thought to indivi-
dual trees, whereas the commercial grower must,
speaking widely, treat all his trees alike.
It is surely as unreasonable to suppose that
two Apple trees will, of necessity, flourish

equally on the same diet as it is to
suppose that two human being will, of
necessity. flourish equally on exactly the
same foods. W. T.

APPLE LEAF SCORCH.

Wit reference to the article on “ Apple
Leaf Scorch.” which you were good cnough
to publish for me in your issue of April 18,
which I

page 273. there are two errors,
should be obliged if you would correct,
viz.: -(1) page 273, column 3, paragraph

commencing “The essence of this argument
. ete The word “about” in the last
line of this paragraph should read ** above.”
(2) page 273, column 3, paragraph commencing
"In this connection . . . ete.” The per-
centage given as *0:18195" should read
'*00181^,." T. Wallace, Long Ashton, Bristol.

POTATO BREEDING.

From the remarks. on this subject. on
pp. 256 and 257. l believe a few years’
work on practical breeding will show Mr.

Melntosh that improvements to our modern

Potatos are not so easily obtained as he
imagines. There is certainly a limitation,
he writes, m Potato breeding, but this is

l am glad to observe
that ከር is so optimistic on this point, and
if he is indeed. actively engaged in the
work of raising new Potatos I most sincerely
wish him every success, and that he will have
something substantial to show for his

by no means reached.

labours. He will find, however, that he is
engaged upon a most difficult proposition.
The experiences of practical breeders of
many years’ standing are not negligible.
and unless new blood be introduced | fail

to see where or how progress can be made.

Mr. MeIntosh is aware that numerous
breeders send worthless seedlings to the
official trials, and he remarks that feeble
efforts do not condemn a system. The
work, then, of those numerous breeders can
only be characterised as “feeble efforts,”
and yet this is the work which resulted in
our present-day race of Potatos. When Mr.
Melntosh gives us a variety bred from any

sorts that are now in commerce, and which |

is an undoubted improvement upon any of
them, I shall be the first to congratulate
him. The fact that so many, alleged, old
sorts are now found amongst seedlings which

gravitate to the official trials simply
confirms my contention that the most
breeding can now do is to create replicas

This is also
Sweet Peas

name.
raiser of

of sorts already under
the experience of the
and Violas.

Mr. McIntosh asks me what can be expected
from the assinilation into the Potato of
wild Solanum blood? I reply “nothing.”
That avenue has already been explored for
all it is worth; surely he is aware of the
work done in this direction by the late
Mr. Arthur Sutton and Mr. Aikman Paton.
Mr. McIntosh will discover, sooner or later,
that the ground has been well tilled. and
there is little to be done. Research must
now lie in fresh blood ; get that introduced
and we can go ahead producing new and
improved varieties of Potatos.

L am afraid that Mr. MeIntosh
little experience of carly Potatos
writes: “ 11 is merely a matter of time
until someone will produce a fresh carly
variety with the cropping capacity of
Epicure, with a finer tuber nnd probably
with otber virtues thrown in.’ I think it
i» common knowledge that breeders have
been working for the past thirty years to
get precisely what he considers they will
get in timo! ln a worl, it cannot be

has but
when he

CHRONICLE.

was discovered in Great Scot.

303

present, and 1. have

done us things are at
Duke of York.

tried to state the cause.
too, stil holds its position. First early
Potatos are weaklings, and as such are
prone to every disease known to the tribe.

I am obliged to Mr. Mcintosh for his
definition of the word **bolter." I was
present when a well-known Scottish authority
coined this word over a variation which
That particular
* bolter " is an improvement over its parent.
and the curious thing is that it arose
asexually.

I should like to close by reminding Mr.
McIntosh of a story told by Professor
Bateson when proposing the toast of
“« Hybridists " at the International Conference
on Hybridisation, held in London in 1899.
under the auspices of the Royal Horticultural

Society: ‘There was once a society," hoe
said, ‘that existed for the purpose of
mending the clothes of the poor—darning.
and sewing on buttons, and 80 forth.

One» an Irishman, of whom you may have
heard. came to that society with a button
in his hand and said: ‘If you would be
so good as to sew a shirt to this button !
should be very much obliged." That. said
the Professor, “ 18 like science and practice in
horticulture. Science produces the button,
but practice has to bring the shirt.”
George M. Taylor, Edinburgh.

Seeds of Galanthus nivalis and Narcissus
pseudo-Narcissus.—The correspondence in Gard.

Chron. last year as to whether the common
Snowdrop (Galanthus nivalis) reproduced itself
from seeds, left the question, so far as I can
remember, in doubt. 1 have much pleasure,
therefore, in inclosing for your inspection a
quantity of seed pods of Galanthus nivalis
picked to-day, and of which there are large
numbers this season. If these seed pod:
were ripened, and the resultant seeds (if
any) sown by some unbiased cultivator, say
either at Kew or the Royal Horticultural
Society's Gardens at Wisley, the evidence so
obtained should be uncontrovertable. Onc
reason why the seed pods may easily be
overlooked is because they are proportionately
heavy to their slender footstalks, and the
latter are usually bent down until the seed
pods rest on the ground and are hidden
from view by the plants own and other
herbage. On this account also they may
never get a proper chance to ripen their
contents, beside the seeds running the
risk of being devoured, if they should ripen,
by some of the denizens of the woodland.
While on this subject of seed production |
may state that among the millions of
Daffodils (Narcissus pseudo-Narcissus) growing
here, it is one of the rarest things to find
a seed pod, although the. better forms of
Narcissi carry seed pods freely. I do not
know if this is the case everywhere, but it
does seem strange that what is probably
our native form of Narcissus, or at least
one of the oldest forms introduced to this
country, should not now reproduce itself in
this natural] way in our woods. Another
curious feature which may have a bearing
on this lack of seed in the Daffodil is, that
I have never observed a bee of any variety,
or kind, visiting them. 4. T. Harrison,
Culzean Castle Gardens, near Maybole, Scotland.

Late Chrysanthemums.—It may be of
interest to note that we have Chrysanthe-
mums still in bloom, and several healthy
flower buds freely developing, some of which
measure from five inches to five-and-a-half
inches across. This late blooming I attribute
to late growth of the old flowering-wood.
Cuttings of these Chrysanthemums were
inserted ag usual from December to the end
of January. J. W. Blackney, Midleton Lodge
Gardens, Eastbourne, Sussex.

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* Roses

SOCIETIES.

NATIONAL ROSE.

APRIL 24.—What has now become the
Annual Spring Show of the National Rose
Society was almost embarrassingly successful.
Quite early in the afternoon the R.H.S.
Hall was filled with crowds of eager enthusiasts,
and this condition continued until the approach
of closing time. That the hall was un-
comfortably crowded was no fault of the
management, but was one of the ponalties
of too great a success. As usual, the
arrangements of Mr. Courtney Page were
carried out by his assistants, and
worked so smoothly that he was able to
open the doors to admit a long queue of
members considerably before the appointed
time.

The gencral quality of the large number
of blooms reached a high standard of excel-
lence, and this was especially noticeable in
the magnificent group of Mr. ExisHa Hicks,
for which a special Silver-gilt Medal was
awarded in addition to the first prize, and,
we are also most pleased to record, the
amateurs’ classes.

The Silver-gilt Medals, offered for the best
blooms in the Show, were won by Mr. A.
R. Goopwin with a glorious bloom of
Maréchal Niel in the nurserymen's section,
and by Mr. SipNEY F. JACKSON,. with a
magnificent bloom of Mrs. C. Lamplough, in
the amateurs' classes.

Of a large number oi
Roses one was awarded a Gold
five Certificates of Merit.

new
and

very good
Medal

Awards.

(805. MEDAL.

Templar.—This is a very lovely H.T. Rose
of delicious fragrance. Jt is recommended
for **garden and bedding," and the accompany-
ing plant was of dwarf and floriferous habit.
The medium-sized blooms are borne on good
stems which are almost if not quite spineless.
The colour is rich crimson with a darker,
velvety sheen in the centre of the bloom.
Shown by Messrs. G. BECKWITH AND SON.

CERTIFICATES OF MERIT.

Angele Pernet. — Obviously a Pernetiana
hybrid, with large, shining leaves. The
medium-sized blooms are good in all stages
of development and are borne on stout, erect
stems. The most uncommon and fascinating
colouring may best be described as being
old gold lightly suffused with Peach-pink.
The flowers are very sweetly scented. Shown
by Messrs (3. BECKWITH AND Son.

Lady Margaret Stewart.—This is an enormous
H.T. bloom of perfect exhibition shape. The
plants are very vigorous, and bear good,
dark foliage. The colour is indefinite. The
blooms are mostly whitish with traces of
yellow and buff; they are slightly scented.
Shown by Messrs. ALEX. DICKSON AND Sons.

Roselandia.—(See Fig. 121, p. 299). Shown
by Mr. WALTER STEVENS.

Saltaire.—A small, fully-double H.T. Rose,
which seemed overburdened with foliage. The
colour is a deep velvety crimson. Shown by
Messrs. ALEX. DICKSON AND SONS.

White Ensign.—A delightful H.T. variety of
medium size and perfect in all stages of
development. From a little distance the purity
of the blooms suggests unusually perfect and
more rounded Niphetos, but a closer inspec-
tion reveals a fascinating creamy centre. The
sweetly scented blooms are borne on long,
graceful stems with good foliage. This valuable
variety is recommended for “garden, bedding,
and forcing." Shown by Messrs. 8. McGrepy
AND SON.

OTHER NOVELTIES.

Besides those which were selected by the
council for awards there were several new
of much more than average merit.

THE

GARDENERS’

Sensation, shown by Messrs. (Gł. BECKWITH
AND: SON, is a goblet-shaped bloom, exceed-
ingly beautiful in the bud, of rich, velvety
maroon colour, lightened by ‘dark crimson
at the margins of the petals, which are of
deep cardinal colour on the outsides. The
blooms are deliciously fragrant and the
variety is said to force well. Dame Edith
Helen, shown by Messrs. ALEX. DICKSON
AND Sons, is a good, rich pink H.T. Rose of
beautiful shape and borne on long stems.
Red Explorer, a climbing Polyantha, shown
by Messrs. WM. CuTBUSH AND SON, attracted
a deal of attention. It is said to be a
sport from Edith Cavell. A plant some
seven fect high was shown and this was
well furnished with erect trusses of semi-
double bright crimson flowers. Maud E.
Gladstone, & Polyantha Rose, shown by
Messrs. Bers, LTb., grows about two
feet high, and bears double flowers nearly
two inches across, of pretty pink colour
and the old-fashioned Rose shape. It is
very free-flowering and the buds are
coloured deep coral pink. Gwynne Carr,
shown by Messrs. ALEX. DICKSON AND SONs,.
and Joan Howarth, shown by Messrs. BEEs,
Lro., which have previously received certi-
fieates were especially well shown but did
not receive the higher award.

COMPETITIVE CLASSES.
was only one circular ‘group of
Roses; it was shown by Messrs. CHAPLIN
Bros., and was awarded the first prize.
A raised centre was well filled with plants
of Lady . Gay, Lady Godiva, American
Pillar and similar cluster-flowered varieties.
Over a groundwork of particularly good
dwarf plants of such H.T. varieties as
Golden Emblem, Maud, Madame Edouard
Herriot, Ophelia, Mrs. Herbert Nash and
Mrs. Henry Bowles, there were standards of
Padre, American Pillar, Souvenir de C.
Pernet and Golden Emblem.

Entries were more numerous in the
for a group arranged on the staging, and
here Mr. ErrsHA J. Hicks won the first
prize easily with a collection of such magni-
ficonce that the judges were impelled 10
recommend the special award of a Silver-
Gilt Medal in addition to the first prize.
Against the walls there were tall stands
generously filled with Orleans, Coral Cluster,

'There

class

Ellen Poulsen and = Excelsa, while on a
lower level Mr. Hicks tastefully disposed
gorgeous masses of Maréchal Niel, Los

Shea, Richmond, Ophelia,
other valuable Roses.
The second prize was awarded to Mr.
GEORGE PRINCE, who had fewer blooms,
but the quality of Souvenir de Claudius
Pernet, Chas. E. Shea, Pax, Augustus
Hartmann, Lady Hillingdon and Victoria was
very commendable. The principal varieties
shown by Messrs. B. R. CANT AND SONS
were their lovely novelties Mrs. Beatty and
Lady Wakefield, with Phoebe, Cupid and
Esme. A relatively small collection and
apparently not for competition was arranged
by Mr. WALTER EASLEA, and this included
good examples of Hoosier Beauty, Mrs.
G. Beckwith, Souvenir de Claudius Pernet,
Madame Butterfly and particularly fine
blooms of America.

The only exhibit of six Pillar Roses in
pots was from Messrs. CHAPLIN Bros. There
were two pretty little groups of Polyantha
Roses in a floor space. The first prize was
won by the Rev. J. H. PEMBERTON, with
floriferous examples of Juliana, Suzanne
Turbat, Edith Cavell, Jessie and similar
varieties. The second prize collection of
Messrs. W. H. CUTBUSH AND Son was
not quite so freely flowered.
Salmon Queen, Rudolph Bint Ellen Poulsen
and Chatillon Rose.

The two exhibits of ostio Roses were
of very good quality and the first prize
collection set up by Messrs. B. R. Cant
AND Sons was especially well balanced both
in colours and general high quality. The

Angeles, Chas. E.
America and many

CHRONICLE.

They showed

Mav 2. 1925.

very best blooms were Glory of Steinforth.
Rev. F. Page Roberts, Phoebe, John Dickson,
Padre and Margaret M. W ylie. Mr. ELISHA
J. Hicks, who was second, did not have
so many brightly coloured varieties, but his
examples of Frau Karl Druschki, Rev. F.
Page Roberts, Candeur Lyonnaise, Mr-.
Foley Hobbs and America were admirable.

One almost expects Mr. A. R. Goodwin
to win the first prize in the class for
twelve blooms of any ono variety with his
magnificent Maréchal Niel, and it was so on
the present occasion, with & dozen fragrant
blooms of the highest merit. Mr. Hicks was
second with admirable blooms of the pink
Clovelly, and Messrs. B. R. CANT AND Sons
were third with really good examples of
Constance Cassoon.

Mr. ELisHA J. Hicks, who was the only
exhibitor, was awarded the first prize for
Six blooms of varieties put into commerce
since the beginning of 1921. There was no
really outstanding variety in the collection.
The best three were Mrs. T. Williamson, a
blush-pink H.T., Wilhelm Kordes, pale yellow
tipped with blush purple, and Sensation.

The best two baskets of Roses were of
Lady Hillingdon and Mrs. H. Stevens, shown
by Mr. E. J. Hicks, while Maréchal Niel
and Frau Karl Druschki, shown by Mr.
A. R. Goopwin, were second. In the class
for one basket of Roses the competition
was very strong. Mr. A. R. GOODWIN was
first with Maréchal Niel of magnificent
quality, Messrs. ALEX. DICKSON AND Sons
were second with a basket of Fred J.
Harrison and a crimson seedling. both of
beautiful, rich colour; and Mr. Hicks was
third with * mixed varieties.

AMATEURS’ CLASSES.

were only two groups of
eut Roses on the staging in a space not
exceeding five-feect by three-feet, they were
particularly effective. Mr. G. A. HAMMOND,
Burgess Hill, won the first prize with a
basket of Ophelia and most excellent vases
of Rev. F. Page Roberts, Mrs. Edward
Mawley, of lovely pink colour, and Wm.
Shean. Mr. H. R. DARLINGTON, Potters
Bar, was second.

Although Mr. HAMMOND
class for twelve blooms of
he would have been difficult to beat, so
meritorious were his blooms of Mrs. Foley
Hobbs, Augustus Hartmann, Mrs. Campbell
Hall, Frau Karl Druschki, and Mrs. Henry
Morse.

The class for six blooms resulted in a good
competition, and here the first prize was
won by Mr. H. OPPENHEIMER, Caterham
Valley, with beautifully-coloured blooms of
W. E. Wallace, Mrs R. D. McClure.
and Mrs. Charles Russell. Mr. 8. F.
JACKSON, the second prize-winner, had, in
a wonderful example of Mrs. C. Lumplough,
the premier bloom in the amateurs’ classes.

The best six blooms of any one variety
were splendid specimens of Mrs. Foley Hobbs,
staged by Mr. G. A. HaAMMOND, while Mr.
S. F. JACKSON was second with but slightly
inferior blooms of the same variety. Mr.
C. CHAMBERS, Harrow, was first in the class

Although there

was alone in the
exhibition Roses

for six blooms in not fewer than three
varieties, and Mrs. (COURTNEY PAGE was
second.

The best basket of one variety was a
lovely arrangement of Mrs. Amy Hammond,
shown by Mr. G. A. Hammond. In the
class for mixed varieties Mr. J. W. Harr.
Potters Bar, was first.

The artistic classes retain all their
popularity, and the long array of dinner
table decorations was a great feature of
the show. In the open class, Mrs. Max.
Waltham Cross, was first, and she used
Madame Butterfly to good effect. Mrs.

TISDALE, Woodford Green, was second with
a gorgeous table of Richmond.

In the amateurs’ class, Mrs. COURTNEY
Page added to her many successes with a
very artistic table of Madame Buttertly,

May 2, 1925.

associated with purple-tinted Acer foliage
and Maidenhair Fern. Mrs. A. D. Rurr.
Sharnbrook, who had a charming table of
Melody, was second. Mrs. OAKLEY-FISHER,
Sudbury, was third, and Mrs. A. ROBINSON,
Maidenhead, was fourth.

The best bowl of Roses in the open class
was a lovely arrangement of Mrs. J. Beckwith
by Mrs. A. R. Bipe. Of the many exhibits
in the amateurs’ class, the best was a
delightful bowl of Ophelia and Madame
Butterfly arranged by Mrs. COURTNEY PAGE.
Mrs. OaxkLey FISHER was second with
Golden Ophelia.

DEESIDE (ABERDEENSHIRE) FIELD CLUB.

THE annual meeting of this very flourishing
club was held in the Town Hall, Ban-
chory, in April. The Marquis of Aberdeen
and Temair, the President, occupied the
Chair. In his presidential address Lord
Aberdeen warmly congratulated the club on
the fine progress it was making, and men-
tioned that there was a proposition that
would be brought forward at the first
opportunity by the Marchioness of Aberdeen

to have the club enlarged to take in the
district of Donside. His lordship read a
letter from Lady Aberdeen which was in
the form of a notice of motion, and in
which she suggested that the name of
the club be known henceforth as the Dee-
side and Donside Field Club. The two

districts, contended her ladyship, were dis-

tinctive in & way, but she thought it
would add to the general interest, utility,
and enjoyment of their proceedings if the

neighbouring district were included within
the scope of their operations.

Dr. George Smith, Bieldside, near Aberdeen,
submitted a motion to give power to the

executive council to make a grant to Dr.

W. Douglas Simpson, one of the greatest
authorities on the history and architecture
of old castles in Scotland, for the services

he had so ungrudgingly given to the club.
He suggested à sum commensurate with the
funds of the club, and not to exceed £75.

On the suggestion of Mr. J. B. Philip,
joint secretary, and Sir Francis Outram, it
was agreed to indicate to the members that
donations towards this grant would be grate-
fully received. It was also intimated that
Colonel Farquharson, of Invercauld, had
granted permission to Dr. Simpson to under-
take excavation work at Kindrochit Castle
this summer.

Mr. J. S. Davidson, joint secretary, sub-
mitted a recommendation from the executive
council that the membership be restricted
to 450 ordinary members. That number would

not include, he pointed out, honorary
members, associate members, and life
members. Last year they had registered the

best part of 100 members, and in limiting
tie membership to 450 they felt they would
have as many as they could cater for. Sir
Francis Outram seconded, contending if they
were to cater properly for the members they
could not go beyond the number suggested.

Mr. J. B. Philip, joint secretary, moved
an amendment that to keep down the
membership they should impose an entrance
fece. Mr. E. N. Watt seconded, as he felt
Mr. Philips suggestion would be better than
fixing a particular figure. After discussion,

however, the motion was carried by a
substantial majority.
Warm thanks were expressed to those

proprietors who had allowed the members to

spend enjoyable and instructive excursions
t) their gardens, woods, ete., during last
year. The treasurer, Mr. W. Robertson,
stated that there was a balance of £87 on
the years working. The officials were
eordially thanked and their reports unani-
mously adopted.

Office-bearers were elected, and the
summer and winter committees merged in
one. Twenty-seven new members were

elected.

THE

GARDENERS’

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL OF [{IRELAND.

THE Spring Show of the Royal Horticultural
Society of Ireland was held, by permission
of the Earl of Iveagh, K.P., in the Covered
Court, Earlsfort Terrace, Dublin, on the 7th
and 8th ult. The exhibition was generally
considered to be the best of recent years.
Daffodils and alpines were outstanding features,
and a collection of the former, staged by
Mr. J. Lionel Richardson, Prospect Gardens,
Waterford, included new seedlings, three of
which—Golden Prospect, White Nile, and
Brightling—received First-Class Certificates, and
two others—Nevis and Orange Glow—Awards
of Merit; Narcissus Silver Salver and N.
Mytilenc, shown by Mr. C. W Parr, Glen-
carrig, Delgany, Co. Wicklow, were also
awarded First-Class Certificates. A Gold Medal
was unanimously voted to Mr. RICHARDSON
for his imposing collection.

In the amateur classes Mrs. ALFRED WEST,
Kilcroney, Bray (gr. Mr. C. Coster), won the
Lord Ardilaun Perpetual Challenge Cup
for thirty varieties of Daffodils, distinct, in
threes. The Richardson Challenge Cup,
offered for twelve varieties, including unnamed
seedlings, was won by Mr. C. W. Parr.
Other winners in the Daffodil classes were
Mrs. BUTLER, Major SEGRAVE, Miss WYNNE,
Miss HErLv-HvTCHINSON, and the Rt. Hon.
ANDREW JAMESON, with Mrs. Wrst ultra-
prominent.

Alpines were numerous and attractive.
BuTLER, Priestown, Co. Meath, won the
Greer Challenge Cup outright with twelve
pans of Alpines distinct, also the Nutting
Cup for twelve pots or pans, not exceeding
five inches diameter. Evidence of the un-
toward season was more apparent among
hardy flowers, including shrubs, than among
Daffodils. For a collection set up in vases,
Captain Riar, D.L., Old Conna, Bray (gr.
Mr. T. Wester), was awarded the Challenge
Cup. Exhibits in the smaller classes were
best shown by the Hon. ANDREW JAMESON,
Sutton Ho, Co. Dublin (gr. Mr. Osman),
Lt.-Col. Twiec, Malahide, with Captain RIALL
as the winner of Messrs. Watson’s prize for
hardy shrub flowers. Choice species of Rho-
dodendrons were well shown by Mr. G.
VAUGHAN Hart, Waltersland, Stillorgan.
Hardy Primulas and Polyanthuses, including
a rare lot of the old doubles, were plentiful,
Captain RtiALL having the best of the
latter.

Among plants Richardias (Arum Lilies) were
an outstanding feature; huge specimens in
twelve-inch pots shown by Madame FOTTRELL,
Richlieu, Sydney Parade (gr. Mr. Taylor),
were awarded the first prize, Mr. CLIVE
Brooks (gr. Mr. H. Cousins) being second,
and Sir FREDERICK Saaw (gr. Mr. J. Thomson)
third. The first-named exhibitor was placed
first for Hyacinths in two classes, and first
for Tulips in two classes.

Nine exhibitors staged three pots each of
excellent Mignonette, the Hon. GORDON
CAMPBELL, Clonard, Kimmage Road, Dublin
(gr. Mr. Cook); Madame FoTTRELL, and Mr.
CiivE Brooks, Ashfield, Rathfarnham, winning
in this order; the last exhibitor won Messrs.
Drummond's prize offered for a table of
bulbous or tuberous-rooted flowers, Captain
RiALL winning the Jones Challenge Cup for
a similar collection. Other classes in the
floral section were well filled.

Vegetables were good, the chief. prize-winners
being LORD Croncurry, Lyons, Co. Kildare
(gr. Mr. W. Hall); Lokp AnDEE, Kilruddery,
Bray (gr. Mr. W. Barrett): Mr. GORDON
Jorck (gr. Mr. C. Dunne); Mr. CLIVE Brooks,
and Mrs. McCasr, Trimmleston, (gr. Mr. T.
McCauley). Non-competitive exhibits included
a collection of bulbs in fibre shown by Lapy
ARDILAUN, St. Anne's, Clontarf (gr. Mr. O.
P. Reid), which was awarded a Silver Medal.
A Silver-gilt Medal was awarded. the DUBLIN
NursERY Co, Blackrock, for a tastefully
arranged group of foliage and flowering plants.
The show was visited by the Governor-

Mrs.

CH RONICLE.

307

General of Southern Ireland, who was received
by the Marquis of Headfort, President of the
Society, Lady Moore, and members of tho
Council.

GLASGOW AND WEST OF SCOTLAND.

THE last of the present series of winter
lectures organised by the Glasgow and West
of Scotland Horticultural Society was held
on the 15th ult, when the popular subject
of ** Bulb Cultivation" was discussed by Mr.
J. Davidson, gardener to Sir John Reid,
Ardencraig, Rothesay.

As a consequence of the large attendance
of members and the extensive display of
Daffodills and Narcissi, the meeting was
held in a more commodious hall than
formerly. Fifty distinct varieties, representing
the large Trumpet, Incomparabilis, Leedsii,
Poetaz, and other groups taken from bulbs
naturalised in grass at Ardencraig, were
staged on a central table that extended
across the greater part of the hall, and
testified to the successful cultures obtained
in the moist, mild climate of Bute, while
Messrs. AUSTIN AND McAsLAN exhibited an
interesting collection that occupied two
smaller side tables, and included several
promising seedlings. It is perhaps worthy
of note that all the bulbs were English
grown.

Mr. Davidson described the Daffodil as
the most useful and accommodating of
spring bulbs. It was equally at home
planted among shrubs in the herbaceous

border, in the rockery, in grass or beds,
or in any odd corner of the garden.
For naturalising in grass or woodland,

formality should be avoided, and the lecturer
suggested that different varieties should be
planted near cach other, as there was
always the possibility of getting a good
cross-bred seedling. Not only is the mixing
better from a seeding point of view, but
what is more important, as one variety goes
out of flower another takes its place, and
there are no large, bare patches throughout
the flowering period, especially if care is
taken to plant early and late as well
as mid-season varieties. On the subject
of early forcing, the lecturer remarked
that two of the chief details leading to
success was to purchase early and box or
pot early. This was necessary to assure a
good supply of strong, healthy roots to
enable the plant to bear the strain of
forcing. The lecturer urged steady forcing,
gradually increasing the heat from 45° to
55° and then to 60°. Excessive firing, he
considered to be not only a waste of fuel
but ruinous.

Tulips differed from Narcissus in two im-
portant particulars, viz., that they require a
little more bottom heat and darkness to
force them successfully. For forcing varieties
of a very early type on a large scale, he
advised the use of a frame inside a forcing
house until the stems are long enough and the
buds well formed, when less heat and more
light should bo given. As a medium for
lengthening the stems he suggested a cover-
ing of pots or boxes with Cocoanut fibre to
the depth of four to six inches. After
getting a fair start Tulips will stand a
hottom heat of 60° to 65°, which may be
increased to 70° without doing any harm,
provided the surroundings are damp.

Mr. Davidson discussed the culture of
bulbs in fibro at some length, watering,
diseases, soils, manures, ete., also the
suitability of bulbs for window box culti-
vation in cities and large towns. In the
discussion which followed, Mr. Joseph Dobson
expressed the opinion that the beautifying
of the streets by means of window boxes
was work for the society to undertake, and
Miss Lambie spoke of the humanising effect
which flowers had on the slum child. Sir
John Reid also supported the scheme, and
commented on Kevingrove being transformed
into a sports ground. He advocated the

sS =

308

formation of little bankings of Narcissus as
b^auty spots in the park. A hearty vote
of thanks was accorded to the lecturer, who,
in response, extended an invitation to
members to visit the gardens at Ardencraig.

PAISLEY FLORISTS’.

THE annual spring show of the Paisley

Florists’ Society, which claims to be the
oldest horticultural society in Scotland,
having been instituted so far back as 1782,

was held on the 4th ult. Compared with
last year the entries increased by close on
one hundred poer cent. and the quality of
the competitive and trade exhibits ' also
showed a marked advance. An outstanding
feature of the show was the Paisley Cor-
poration's exhibit staged by Mr. I. M.
Fleming, superintendent of the public parks.
It extended across the hall and consisted of
such plants as Cinerarias, Primulas, Daffodils,
Tulips, Azaleas and Rhododendrons, in full
bloom, interspersed with Junipers, Grevillea
robusta, and Eucalyptus. The background
was formed by stately Palms and the
colour grouping was executed in good taste.

In the pot Hyacinth classes Mr. JoHN
BowiE waa first with (a) two specimens
(Jacques and Enchantress) and (b) six varieties,
of which Correggio, King of the Blues,
Moreno and Schotel, were the best. He
also won the first prize for a pot of minia-
ture blooms, but Mr. E. G. Ross excelled
with three fine heads of Jacques. Mrs.
HECTOR FRASER won the ladies’ competition
for ዜ pot of miniature Hyacinths, her plant

consisting of twelve good spikes of La
Grandesse, and her husband emulated her
example by securing the awards for (1) a

Hyacinth in a glass, with Pink Perfection,
(2) a vase of Narcissi and (3) three vases of
Daffodils. The other prize winners in this
section were Mr. R. Benson (Soleil d'Or
and Lucifer); Mr. T. Harvie (Vanilla and
Van Waveren's Giant and Sir Watkin).

Tulips were not a numerous class, and the
honours in the five competitions were shared
by Mr. R. BENsoN, Mr. A. McGREGOR, and
Mr. Joun Bowler.

The principal prize winners in the mis-
cecllancous section were as follow :-— Three pots
of spring bulbs, Mr. R. Benson (Chionodoxa
and Muscari): three pots of alpines, Mr. D.
W. Kemr (Primulas); cut flowers, Mr. D.
McARTHUR (Cineraria, double Wallflower, and
Hydrangea); two pots of Primula obconica
and P. malacoides, Mr. D. McArtnur: one
pot of Cineraria grandiflora, Mr. D. GRAHAM:
Cineraria stellata, Mr. D. McARTHUR, who
also secured the first position for a green-
house plant in bloom with a large and well-
grown specimen of Imantophyllum. The best
Azalea indica in bloom was shown by Mr.
Jous Dick; the best Dielytra in bloom, by
Mr. Jous HawiLTON; the best Deutzia, by
Mr. T. Hanvik; the best Spiraea, by Mr. A.
McGnEGOn; the best Schizanthus., by Mr. D

GRAHAM; the best pot of Jonquils, by Mr.
JOHN Bowie: the best Fritillaria, by Mr.
A. McGregor; the best Cyclamen and Cal-

cvolaria, by Mr. D. MCARTHUR, and the best
three plants suitable for table decoration, by
Mr. A. MeGrecor (Fern, Coleus, and
Hydrangea).

The trade groups contributed to the success
of the show. Mr. Joun McFrr, Paisley,
was represented by a pretty display of
Hydrangeas, Azaleas, Lilac, Polyantha Roses,
and Cinerarias. Messrs. KERR AND. Co.
staged an interesting collection of Daffodils.
Tulips, Hyacinths, Jonquils, and Muscari,
while Messrs. AUSTIN AND MASLAN. Glasgow,
built a miniature rock garden, which was
furnished with choice specimens of alpines and
roek plants from their Catheart nursery. A

group of plants which made an effective
colour display was set up by Mr. James
LAIpLER, Paisley, The subjects included
meritorious examples of Primulas, Cytisus,

ISricas, Spiraeas, Hyacinths, and Hydrangeas.

THE

GARDENERS
ROYAL CALEDONIAN HORTICULTURAL.

SPRING SHOW.

THE Spring show of this Society, which
was resuscitated last year after a lapse
during the war of nine years, was held in

the Waverley Market, Edinburgh, on Apri! 24
and 25.

The number of
those of last year,

entries was about double
but compared with
pre-war times, the display — was a
meagre one. Plants, but more , especially
table. plants and Ferns, were, on the whole,
poor. and the contrast between these and
the large, beautifully-grown specimens which
formerly were seen at these shows was
very marked. Some excellent non-competitive
exhibits, however, by the trade helped to
enliven matters, and, although one-half only
of the spacious hall was appropriated to the
exhibition, there was a fair show of colour. A

fine table of seedling Narcissi from Mr.
W. G. Pirie, Dalhousie, arrested attention.
and there were some excellent exhibits of

alpines and other rock plants by the trade.
The miniature rock gardens, for which prizes
were Offered, were, however, rather dis-
appointing. Generally, they were skilfully
designed, but their diminutive size. especially
in a large hall, made them appear very
puny-looking productions.

It might be well for the Council of the Royal
Caledonian Horticultural Society to consider
whether more imposing exhibits of this sort
might, with advantage, be introduced, especially
88. this phase of gardening now makes a
much stronger appeal to all classes than it
formerly did, and as plants grown under
glass are very markedly on the decline in
this country.

As was the case last year,
prizes were gained by Colonel TROTTER,
O.B.E, DSO, Mortonhall, Midlothian
(gr. Mr. W. Crighton), and Mrs. TURNER.
Inveralmond, Cramond (gr. Mr. J. A. Sword).

There were three entrants for the miniature
rock garden on a space of six fect by four
feet, and the first prize was won by Miss
Dickson, — Corstorphine. Mr. P. AITKIN,
Ballenerieff, Bathgate, was the only competitor
in the nurserymen's class for the same
arranged on a space twelve feet by eight
feet, and was awarded the first prize.

the leading

The following awards were made to the
trade exhibits :—

Gold. Medals. --Messrs. DOBBIE AND Co.,
Lro., Edinburgh, for Cinerarias, Primulas,

ete.: Messrs. CUNNINGHAM, FRASER. AND Co.,
Edinburgh, for alpines, ete.; Mr. C. ENGEL-

MANN. Saffron Walden, for Camations: Mr.
W. G. PIRE, Dalhousie, Midlothian, for
Narcissi,

Silver-gilt Medale.—Messrs. AUSTIN AND
M' AsLAN, Glasgow, for alpines, ete.; Messrs.
LaiRD AND Dickson, LTD., Edinburgh, for
alpines, ete.; Messrs. BAKERS, Lro., Wolver-
hampton, for alpines, ete.

Silver Medals. — Messrs. Tuos. METHVEN
AND Sons, Edinburgh, for miniature Japanese
gardens, ete.; Messrs. JOHN FORBES (Hawick),
LTb.. for alpines. ete.; Messrs. RANSOMES,
NIMS AND JEFFERIES, Ipswich, for lawn
mowers: Messrs. (450. Monro, Lrp., London.
for garden sundries,

AWARDS.

The following awards were made to new
plants : -

FiRnsT-CLAss CERTIFICATE- -

Heaberlea virginalis, exhibited by Messrs.

CUNNINGHAM, FRASER, AND Co. Edinburgh.

AWARDS OF MERIT —

Haberlea rhodopensis, var.
dendron decorum, and R.
Sulphur, exhibited by Messrs. CUNNINGHAM.
FRASER, AND Co., Edinburgh. Daffodil Merx.
Pirie, exhibited by Mr. W. G. Pirie, Dal-
housie.

Austin’s Rhodo-
Cunningham's

CHRONICLE. '
ጆን ጋሙ aa Nn en f a a

May 2, 1925.

Obituary.

David Bell ‘The news of the death of Mr.
David |. Bell, nurseryman, whieh took place
with tragic suddenness on the 23rd ult.
came as a great shock to his many friends
and the people of Ardrossan, among whom
he had resided for over fort y Vears.

Deceased had been at workin the garden.
and during the afternoon. he was found in
a sitting position on a barrow, apparently
dead. When medical aid was obtained, life
was found to be extinct. Mr. Bel. who
was in his seventy-eighth vear, was a native
of Canonby, Dumfriesshire: and jin his

earlier days had been. employed in the
gardens af Buchanan Castle. Loch. Lomond.
and Montgomerie Castle, Tarbolton. In. 1885
he was appointed gardener to the late Mr.
Galloway, Kilmeny. Ardrossan. and twenty-
eight years ago ከሁ started a nursery. which
he conducted. successfully during that period.
He was well-known in horticultural cireles

in the West of Scotland, and took an active
part in publie affairs, being a member of
Ardrossan Parish Council for twenty-seven
years. At the time of his death he was
chairman of the council, and had presided
at the monthly meeting two nights previously.
He was also an elder of the parish church,
having been ordained to that office in ]902.
A man of genial nature, Mr. Bell had a
wide citele of friends. and his passing o ds
deeply regretted. He is survived bv one
son and five daughters.

TRADE NOTES.

Messrs. Kent Bros. Electric. Wire Co. and
E. H. Phillips. Ltd., have forwarded us a
sample of a thin. black wire of about the
ordinary gauge of black cotton made especially

for use in protecting plants and seed-beds
from birds. The makers inform us that it

is weather resistant, of great durability. in-

expensive, and practically invisible. They
further state that it has been thoroughly
tested and proved to be quite sat isfactory

for the purposes mentioned above. The wire
is as pliable as ordinary cotton and supplied
on reels, The sample sent us is of a gauge

equal to. 1,700 yards to the 1b. The address
of the makers is 15, Berners Street. Oxford
street, W. 1.

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

———— —

NAMES OF Prants. Ruts: Ornithogalum
nutans. K. 6. 1], Pseudotsuva Douglasii:
2, 13, 18. 22. 23 and 24, al forms of
Cupressus Lawsoniana. a very variable
plant: 3. Abies lasiocarpa: 4, Cupressus
Lawsoniana var. lutea; 3, C. macrocarpa :
6. Berberis Hookeri var. viridis: 7. B.

vulgaris: 8, Abies Pinsape: 9, Cupressus
5 }

obtusa var. aurea: 10, Erica mediterranea
var. hybrida: 11, Discaria Toumatou: 12.

Euonymus japonicus var. albo-variegatus:
13, Arbutus hybrida: 14, Cupressus obtusa
var. compacta; ]6. €. pistfera var. aurca:
17. C. Lawsoniana var. oehroleuca: 19.
Cedrus atlantica var. glauca: 20, Cupressus
pisifera var. squarrosa: 21, Thuya doln-
brata: 25, Cephalotaxus pedunculata: 26,
Juniperus chinensis ; 27, Veronica Traversii:
28, Cupressus Lawsoniana var. slbo-varie-
gata: 20, Hex Aquifolium var. laurifolia
longifolia: 30, Cotoneaster sabeilolia var.
floccosa ; 31. Juniperus communis: 32, Thuya
occidentalis var. ericoides: 33, Holboellia
latifolia: 34. Hex Aquifolum var. seotiea.
1. 11. 0. 1. Billbergia nutans: 2, Crassula
mnapressa: 3. Fuchsia procumbens: 4.
Sedum: sarmentosa: 3. Leucophyta Brownii:
6, Pittospoiuin Tobira var. variegata.

Communications RKéceived.—!] W. hn. Ux I.
J. E. ላ.--('. (). 1.. ኮ., Madeira—G. WH. DE. S. N
E. F.—C€. MH. G.

“May 3. 1925.

MARKETS.

THE

COVENT GARDEN, Tuesday, April 2th, 1925.
Plants in Pots, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.

(All 48’3 except where otherwise stated).

Adiantum a.d.s.d.

cuneatum

per doz. .. 10 0-13 0
—vlegans ... . 10 0-12 0
-Aralia Sieboldii... 9 0-10 0
-Araucarias, per

doz. ... 30 0-42 0
Asparagus plu-

mosus . 12 0-18 0
—Sprengeri . 12 0-18 0
Aspidistra, green 36 0-60 0
Asplenium, - per

doz. ... 12 0-18 0
—32's ... 24 0-30 0
—nidus . 12 (-15 0
Azaleas, per doz. 15 0-30 0
Cacti, per tray,
—12'a, 15'8 . 50-70
Cinerarias, doz. 15 0-24 0

s. d. s. d.
Crotons, per doz. 30 0-45 0
Cyrtomium . 10 0-15 0
Erica melanthera,

48'8 per doz. ... 21 0-30 0
— —400's, per doz. 8 0-10 0
Marguerites, white,

18'à per doz. ... 13 0-18 0
Nephrolepis,

variety .. 12 0-18 0
—32's . 24 0-36 0
Palms, Kentia . . 30 0-48 0
—60's sis . 15 0-18 0
Pteris, in variety 10 0-15 0
—large 00's 50-60
—small ... 40-50
m (pe tray

of 1 . 20-30

Cut Flowers, etc.: Average — Prices.

deco- s. d. s. d.
bun. 18 0-24 0

per

Adiantum
rum, doz.
—cuneat utm,
doz. bun. . 12 0-15 0
Aspara'us, plu-
mosius, per bun.

long trails, 60s 20-30

med. sprays 16-26

Snort .. 00-13
—sprengeri, per bun.

loug sprays 16-20

116/41. ), 1016

short ነ, 04-10
Azalea, white, per

doz. bun. Se 0 0
Bouvardia. white,

per do . oun... 90-120
t'amellias. White,

per box . 3036
Carnations, per

doz. blooms 30-46
Croton leaves,

var., doz. leaves 0 9- 2 6
Daffodils—
—Barrii, per doz. 2 በ- 30
—Einperor, per

doz. bun. .. 4050
— king Alfred,

per doz. bun... 6 0- 80
—sir Watkin, per

doz. bun. > 46
Fern, French, per

doz. bun. 09 13

Galax, American.
green and bronze,
per doz. bun. ...

Gladiolus. Blush- .
ing Bride. per
doz. bun. . 15 0-24 0

— Peach Blossom,
per doz. bun. ...

Gypsophila, white,

ዓ 0

24 0-30 0

doz. bun. 5 0- 60
Ixia. red, doz. bun. 3 0- 5 0
—Mixed, doz. bun. 5 0 40
Lilac, Dutch, per

spikes . 10-80
Lilium speciosum

rubrum, long,

per doz. blooms 4 0- 3 0
—short "ES 30-40
Lilium longiflorum

long, per doz... 4 0- 3 0
Lily-of-the-Valley.

perdoz. bun. .., 24 0-36 0

Narcissus—
—ornadt us, per

doz. bun. 20-26
Orchids, per doz.

. 24 0-30 0
20-70

—Cattlevas
—Cypripediums...

REWAKKS :— Business has shown
but prices generally have

on the previous week,

S. d. 8. 1.
10-16

Prunus triloba
(Dutch), per bun.

Richardias ነ
per doz.

Roses, per doz.
blooms, Rich-
mond :

— liberty .

—Madame Butter-

M me. Abel

Chatenay

— Melody

— Molly “Sharman
Crawford, per

40
$O 5 0
30-50
30-50
30-40
3 0- 40

doz. "T ..ሁው46
—Niphetos 2636
— Ophelia ... 40-50
—Sunburst 40-50
Ruscus, French,

per bun. 10-20
Smilax, per doz.

trails . 30-36
Spanish Iris, Wer

doz. bun.—
— Blue . 18 0-24 0
—Muauve ... ... IR 0-24 0
—White ... I8 0-24 0
—Yellow ... . 24 0-30 ሀ
Statice, Mauve ... ጋ 0- በ0
stock, English

white .. ህ 0-1ጸ80
Sweet Peas, per

doz. bun. . 60100
Tulips, per bunch—
—Bartagon . 16-30
—Clara Butt ... 20-30
—Wm.Copland... 1 6-30
—Farncombe

Sanders... .. 20-30
—White Swan 10-20
V ከከ per doz.

bun — 20-40
French Flower s—
Anemone, St.

Brigid 26-50
Marguerite, yellow,

per pad .. EP 0-70
Marigolds, per pad 50-60
Ranunculus, dble.

scarlet, doz.

bun. .. . 40-00
Star (Allium),

per pad, 488... 3060
Stock, double

white, per pad

24 bunches . 8 0-100
—ouble coloured 8 0-10 0
Violets, Parma, "

per bun. 30-30

a slight improvement

the down gerade. Daffodils from home growers
show signs of finishing, Barrii Emperor and
being the most reliable kinds on sale. The first

ments of these blooms have

but
and
these

from Scotland,
what limited,
possibility or
Good Darwin
this department,
Fairly good supplies of
from Guernsey, but they
are in

arriving larger

bIoins

these
are
compared with those from home
quantities,

already reached the
supplies from this quarter are some-
arrivals very erratic,
advancing

Tulips are one of the shortest
and insuficient for present requirements,
being received

in

blooms are
very medinm [[
erowers. Span
and their

and there
price
Subjects. in

been on
begin to
Empress
consign-
market

is a
shortly.

| quality
ish [rises
quality

generally is fier; a better. selection of sorts is available.
Carnations are good and more ploutitul ‘Phe best. sorts
at present on sale are Aviator and Beacon. scarlet:
Carola and Enid, crimson: Delight. silvery-pink, very
limited. Other pink Varieties are Enchantress, Daddie,
Cupid. Lily Northcliffe, Mayday, | Daydream, Mrs.
Hemus. Mrs. Ward, bright pith, and Peerless. “White
Varieties consist of White Perfection and White En-

En — — — — — —— —

chantress. Roses retain their
been easier in price since St.

GARDENERS’

excellent quality and have
George’s Day.

CHRONICLE.

Sweet Peas |!

are gradually improving in quality and becoming more |

lentiful.

The newest subj
iride.

Ixias are arriving ‘in

ect ኩሎ Gladiolus Blushing
vood condition from the

| Channel Islands in addition to Anemones, White Stocks,

Tulips, Irises, and white
and mauve Statice are

French flowers.

and
which are very popular at the present. time.
the latest

coloured Ranunculuses,

arrivals amongst. the

Fruit : Average Wholesale Prices.

16 0-17 0

Apples— s.d.s.d. |
—Albermarle . ፋን 0-500
—Oregon New-

town... ... 14 0-18 0
—Branmley's Seed-

li l 6 0-17 0
—Newton |

Wonder 100-140 |
Australasian Apples—
—Cors O |

Pippin ... . 20 0-24 0
—Worcester Pear- |

main . 16 0-17 0 |

|

—Ribston Pi »pin

—bDuun's Seedling 16 0-18 0

— Alfriston . 16 0-17 0 .
—Others ... . 12 0-15 0 |
Bananas ... . 17 0-27 6
Grapes—

— Belgian ... 40-46
—English—

—Hambro, per lb. 4 6- 60

—South African—
—White Hanepoot 6 0-10 0 |
—Red anepoo 8 0-12 0 |

—Colmar .. . 12 0-14 0
Grape Fruit, |
. Cuban 20 0-25 0 |
—Jamaica . 20 0-25 0 |
— Florida, finest 25 0-35 0

Vegetables: Average

s. d. s. d.

Artichokes, — per
doz. a .. 20-30

Beans. Guernsey, |

r lb. ... ።. 13-20
orthing o 1719

— Madera, per
box y 40-60
Beets, per cwt... 5 0- 80

Cabbage, per tally 10 0-12 6

t

Gypsophila .

8. d. s. d.
Le mons, Messina,
er box... 8 0-12 0
— Murcia ... .. 12 0-15 0
—Naples ... . 16 0-20 0
Oranges. Jaffa ... 14 0-16 0
—Spanish—
—S$00's wie ... 18 0-32 6
—800s .. ... 15 0-22 6
—b04's ... .140-22 6
Pears, South
African—
—Beurré Diel 40- 46
— Beurré Bose 40-60
—Dovenne du
Comice ... 60-80
— Australian—
—Beurre Bose 5 0-10 0
—Beurre Clairgeau — 60
—QOthers ... 50-600 —
Pines 36-50
Strawberries, per
Ib. dee ... 3 6-12 0
Wholesale Prices.
8. d. s. d.
Mushrooms, cups 20-30
—brollers .. .. 2026
Marrows, doz. ... 0 0-15 0
Mint. Forced, per
doz. . 40-120.
Onions, Valencia,
r case . 15 6-17 0
— Egyptian. per
bag

—English, per cwt.12 6-14 0
—Spring

Parsni per cwt. 30-10

—— wane . 95 0-27 Peas, French, per
cane... .. 00-80

Cauliflowers, per መች —GQuernsey forced

በ05. ... =0- 3 0 perlb. .. 16-56

Chicory, perlb.... 0 6-08 i ne) Canary i
8 = ን 0-16 0
—— per dor. — Potatos, per ton—
—New eM 60-80 —Dunbar .. 540 0-260 0
—King Edward 200 0-220 0
earum aers per 0:9) —Others 90 0-160 0
. — ን t
—Flats, 36's, 42°3 14 0-10 0 jew. o 0.0 R
Dutch Onions ... 11 6 12 6 E es › 0 00 9
Endive, per doz. 16-30 | ሂቲላ]በርቫ8ክ 9 2-0 |
—Batavian, per , Radishes— OPER
doz. .. 30-36 —Round . 16-206
— Long 13-16
| French Asparagus— | Rhubarb. Forced,
—Cavaillon . 160620 per doz. 13-16
-- 2 6 3እ 6 —«“

Lau ris TP "P | ፥ Natural per
Greens, best, per doz. 40-30

bag 4050 | Savoys, per tally 12 6-15 0
Horseradish. ner Seakale, Natural,

bundle . 20-98 -sieve ... ... 8 0-10 0

Spinach. per bushel 3 0- 4 0
Leeks, per doz. R Tomatos, English,

bundles... . 2636 per Ib. ... .. 1፦920
Lettuce, per doz. — — —(iuernsey 19-20
—Cos wee . 320-00 Turnips, new, per
—Cabbage .. 16-30 doz. bun. 60 & 0

REMARKS.—A moderately-brisk demand has ruled
during the week. Pears and = Grapes” from South
Africa have sold well, but some parcels have been
out of condition. for which low prices have been
taken. Fairly large quantities of Apples are coming
from Australia and New Zealand for which a good
demand rules. Australia is also sending Pears, ceon-
signments of which are not expected to be so large
85 usual owing fo a reduced crop. Oranges are a
good trade. — Top-grade brands of Grape Fruit are
also quoted firmer. English Tomatos increase. in
supply almost daily. Cucumbers are. in heavy supply,
considering which. ‘prices are. fairly, good. Forced
Beans are a slightly better. trade. Foreed Peas are
not plentiful. and selling at a satisfactory return
to the growers. Guernsey and Seilly New Potatos
are jn fair demand. New Potatos from the Canary
Islands are cheaper, stocks on hand being heavy.
Hothouse Grapes are. slightly cheaper, the large
supplies from Australia and the Cape affecting values.
Natural-grown Rhubarb is plentiful and cheap, but
forced. Rhubarb is a poor trade. Mushrooms are a
steady trade at a good price. level Green vege-
tables are a slightly better trade. The demand for
salads is vood. ‘Trade in old. Potatos is steady.

GLASGOW,

There was a slut oof Datfodils in the cut flower market
throughout the whole week, and prices made new low
records for the present. season. Einpetor, Golden Spur,
ornatus, Sir Watkin, and Pheasant ve could. be boucht

almost any day at 9d. per dozen. bunches, whtte. የክባና ተጣ)

p prices for specials did not exceed

3.-. Tulips moved

. 11 0-12 0

40

LI

Xl.
irregularly, some varieties being cheaper and others
dearer. First arrivals of Afterglow realised 1 6 for 6's,

Sanders ranged from
11to10; Bartagon and Clara Butt, 1 - to 14; Prince
Of Austria, 8d. to 104. ;: Couronne d'Or. 1011. : Hyde, 1-
to 11: Antony Roozen, 12; Mme. Nrelage. 1- to 1 2,
and Murillo. 8d. to 104. for best and 4d. to d. for
ordinary, With the exception of Madame Butterfly, which
averaged from 4$- to 6 - per dozen, prices for Roses
were inclined to fall, especially for Lady Hillingdon, whieh
only made from 2 - to 2 06. Richmond brought from 1.3
to 3 -, and Mrs. Henry. Stevens 2,5; 10 4-. Dutton’s
Carnations were firmer at 3 - to 5- per dozen, but. the
average prices obtained by other growers are as follow :—
Enchantress and Peerless, 2 6 to 3 6: May Day, 3 -:
Mrs. Hemus and Lady Northelitfe, 3 - to 3 6, and Aviator,
36to 4 6. White Lilae fluctuated between 6 - and 7 -,
Richardias realised 4 - to 0 -, Lilium longiflorum (Harrissii)
3 - to 4 - per dozen cut. and 5- to 6- in bunches,
Wallflowers were worth 2 - to 3 -: Maiden Hair Fern, 9d. :
French Anemones, 4 - to 6 - per cane, aud Seottish-grown
Anemones, 9 - per dozen. Plants of large Daisies were
plentiful and sold at 1 - to 13 per box. First. consign-
ments of French Gypsophila made Gd. to sd.

Dealing in the fruit market was void of any special
feature, and where changes in prices were recorded. the
movements either. way were. small Cape fruits were
rather slower to move but prices kept steady, expecially
for Pears, which were quoted as follows :—Winter Nelis.
6- to 7-: Beurré Bose, ጋ - to 76: Glou Morceau, 6 -
to 66: Josephine de Malines, 3 6 to 6 6; Louise Bonne of
Jersey, 5 6, and Beurré Clairgeau, 5 - to 36. Gros Colmar
Grapes advanced 16) 16 - and 18 - per case, while other
varieties were steady. Waltham Cross from 12 - to 14 -
Hanepoot, white, 10 - to 12 6, and red. 12 - to 14-.
Grape fruit. was scarcer, and buyers had to concede. from
28 - to 30- per case. Oranges Were mostly lower, 2007s
being 14- to 1፻ -: 300, 15 - to 17? -; 4060's, 30 -, and
Jaffas, 10 - to 14 -. Prices tor Apples were frm, United
States Albemarle making from 44 - to 32 - per bar cel :
Baldwin, 28 - to 35 -; Ganos, 28 - to 32 Winesap, 105 -
to I8- per case: Newtown, © Blue. Diamond," 10-;
"Red Diamond,” 19-: other brands, 18 - to 21 -.
Palermo Lemons ranged from 8 6 to 12 - : Mercia Lemons,
14 6 to 16-, and Naples Lemons, 12 - to 15 - for 30075.

In the vegetable section French supplies
plentiful. Asparagus made 2- per crate: Lettuces, 13
dozen: Cucumbers, 7 - to 8-, and White Turnips. 4 -.
Cauliflowers were cheaper at 4 - to 6 -; Leeks, 2 - to 26:

William Copland and Farncombe

Were nore
፥

Evesham Leeks, 0 - to 72 -; Seakale and Radish, 256 to
36: Guernsey Tomatos were down to 2- and 26, and
Teneriffe: Potatos were lower at 14-- per No. 2, and 126

a remunerative
a2 - per ewt.,

for No. 3. Rhubarb continues to be
for raisers: Polmont special made
ordinary, 40 - to 48 -.

erop
and

SCHEDULES RECEIVED.

LEEDS PAXTON SOCIETY .—The thirty-first annual show will
be held in the Town Hall, Leeds, on Friday and Saturday,
November 6 and 7. Secretary, Mr. F. STABLER, The
Gardens, Cookridge Hall, Horsforth, Leeds.

WHITLEY, MONKSEATON AND CULLERCOATS FLORAL AND
HORTICULTURAL NOCIETY.— Exhibition to be held in the

Marquee, The Links, Whitley Bay, on Monday, August 2.
Secretary, Mr. J. Haley, 22, Countess Avenue, Whitley
Bay.

GARDENING APPOINTMENTS.

Mr. A. Hawkins for the past twelve years general
foreman at. Acryse Place, near Folkestone, as gardener

to CAPT. FAIRBRACE, Elmstone Court, Preston, near
Canterbury. (Thanks for 2s. 6d. for ከ.(፣.().፲". Box.—
EDs.)

Mr. C. Mears. previously gardener to the late PAUL
WATERHOUSE, Es. Yattendon Court. Newbury,
Berkshire, as gardener to the REV. WENTWORTH
WATSON, Rockingham Castle, near Market. Har-

borough, Northants. for It.G.O.F.

Box.—Eb:.).

Mr. William PFrewin. for the
dener to J. DEANE WILLIS. Esq., Bapton
Codford. as gardener to the same gentleman
Stratton Park, Swindon, Wiltshire.

Mr. H. Wright, for the past
LORD WYFOLD, Wyford Court. Reading. as gardener
to F. E. Loyp, Esq, J.P. Shaw Hill Melksham,
Wiltshire. (Thanks for 2s. for R.G.O.F. Box.—HEnpz.).

Mr. J. Bundy, for the past twenty-one years
gardener to Cor. Horr. The Grange. Farnborough,
Hampshire, as gardener to ]ላ=. Moon, Esq.
Mymwood, near Hatfield. Hertfordshire. (Thanks for
25, for R. G. O. F. Box.—Kns.).

(Thanks for 25. 01.

gaT-
Manor.
at

past fiye vears

SIN. years gardener to

CATALOGUES RECEIVED.

DANIEL BROS.. 1,ፐ1).. Norwich.—Sumimer bedding plants.

W. CUTBUSH AND =()ኣ. [,፲1)., Barnet Nurseries, Barnet.—
Herbaceous, alpine, and bulbous plants.

M. J. JONES. Hither Green, Lewisham.--Dahlias. Hy-
drangeas. Chrysanthemums, ete.

GAVIN JONES AND INGWERSEN, Baldock Road, Letchworth

Garden City.-—Alpines and hardy plants,

J. CARTER. AND CO, Raynes Parks. — Lawns and Sports
grounds.”

W--Prek«wEpbER, LTD. 30. Cowbridge
Dahlias, Chrysanthemums, ete.

Romb €erditE-—

DUTSON'S- PATENT. ä " ALLPROOF ok

Ne

ABIO LUTELY
rr

f^. 4 Es
Ai /ደ-ሟ
sre- — T

Largest Manatecturers
Flawer ret In the World

— — —

THE BEST AND
CHEAPEST:
SPECIAL POTS
for Roses, Vines,

Clematis, Orchids, and
Chrvsantbemums.

Famney Fern Pans aod
Bulb Bowls,
from 3d. each.

No. Waiting {>

All Orders -exemited

the same day as
‘yeoeived,

* State quantity of cach size
requires aná ከ8ህ6 Oartiage Paid 5565. or write
tef Hinsirated Prieo
RICHARD SANKEY & SON. LTD.
Royal. Potterses,
HULWIELL., NOTTINGHAM.

TH 5 HOUSE FOR

. መደ SHADINGS.

Rane f samples. poto Ee
“CRIPPS. P SONS,

| — Tree — "Derby |

~w TRESEDER LTD.

Y he Nurseries:

OCA RDIFF -

5 x HLIA x1

ASK. FOR 4 CATALOGUE.

THE |

— Z Pur: |

| a E TANG.
Strong. Sheet Zinc. ~

ጩ። slides ipie frame, and: 45 é4ented. br turning pwn BAB. 1

wm ^ — a i. AMA Often ያ
ing Y as dind white: 4 me, Ol — 1 ።
ደሪ wr song and eater, Use fhe per dece ud Ns ve PELE WEES

WEATHERPROOF.

2 C FOR noses, ROOK GARDENS AND ዝደጽሄል050ህ5 አነብ ፡ b
EUR Pu 6. ክኩ wine shank 4 in; dong. SUAVE

E
E XE, (Ses deem: zi

relicte dini ub — — oval: Pe. aud: ‘Retail: fron’ c
leading Bécdarmen ,- Norgery men, “Florists amd. iyetimongara. ~~

ET .. n Wale dumm. 784. በጨ der AB, 5 Tavistoek ‘reat, Ld arie, we 6 ፡

64 RDENE ERS? 3x

— — NLS REE, — — ———

— Q

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No. Rust. | "8250.

ስያመ TE. AT

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per r doman

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ORCHIDS

The Math Rakes out Raisers, DESEE & —

Pioneers. of The Scientific: Methods.
f Orchid Seedling Raising-

CHARLESWORTH ል CO, LTD. :

/HAYWARDS HEATH, SUSSEX.

A welled xu =
Miata b Sade MI
> Meter with phos- 2
phates and potash ደ
qve the — —

wd.
filed

WEED | KILLER

and.

ፌ. LAWN SAND

Awarded Gold Vedat —— ይበልኪ "Bxbibition:
Weed Killer Tin. 16 naba 95 gations, 3... tin tot
#0 gations, 8/5; ;postáge, Wi. on each 1
dw Sand.—i4 በጸ. — ‹ B8 1ከ3., 13.-:. carriage
pald ón 2 swi $9/-. Sand for Prive Lint.
ASME ANEMIOAL * — —— kaut

- (ለጻ | |

m — መመ ም us

CH RO; NIC Bas

A

T | | WILLIS Bros. {HARPENDER) Ltd.

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> ቆዲ. ፦ — > | M gi ሠ" ~ Se ድፍ መ
TE . AE + : — C . fM — Suet * K. £T
c MÀ —ñ— — MÀ መመ“ — — — € —— —— —— — —
ውጭ A " , ge P — — — — መዱ

| pu "PERUVIAN GUANO..

riv
» Y

May 2, 1925.

WILLIS BROS.’

Caries Fertiliser

THE BEST ON THE MARKET. |
WO: STABLE: ‘MANURE. REQUIRED.
For digging in or as a: top dressing... For
‘Kitchen Gardens or Herbacedus. Borders: 5
3 ewt;8/«; p-cwt, B/s 38 Tbs.. ፪፦: ÁN to ;
Wer fon. A Carriage. Paid. » :

LAWN BAND AND DAISY knek :
T pepara. mUe taid — Menit tòr ‘abiok- ኸ.፡:
zgi & gwas ennont e greases; ጸ16›- 1 -
— aisies. 58:4. ther weeds so ‘woub lewome fo

15558. rE DAUR TAY: x doces. mnt. M A cerca DA ።

LAWR MANURE. AT
— diste tor poor 592 ተኸሉ urprowwse |

texture: of the grase. arid befps the ነባይ to keep their
éolour in Sry nasen. bw ከፍ need. አኒ the rete ny 5 ማኒ.

to tha arre
“86 The. d. 10 it, -8818'-; 3 ton, 819:
Carriage ‘Paid,

L ant. T.

"All
5፡5] priees. quoted tor Grass ;Manares t tot t Park Ta Lana.
“WORM. | DESTROYER.. |
The — elent preparing dor destroying. ገኛ ·

on. Latus, ett, |
dew. Wi 30 ዘጊ, ke; 1 Kon, He. AJl Carriage Paid.

m]

AR dMüportedx |
E eet. Mi:

26 ibs é 47 ae “Earring, 8.
“DRIED BLOOD MANURE. ae
"E a 1፡75. 55.-:; 50 Tbs 44.-. Carriage 1 —

GREENHOUSE BLINDS. |
“Made. up-to atiy size from special anality: vitis 52ና
‘Wateriad Bound all round and down contre far atreng

with: stent. webbing. ready to Bs. 6f ——
‘Rollers and Fittings ab erom extra. cost. sr
ooo) Bstlgiates and anpii "n application, " i

GARDEN SUPPLIER AT. LOWEST. PRIGER.

መዝ For oer. AM uf Garden Manures atit. Blorticttural
| Sundri. Prét on application.

H ARPEN DEN, HERTS.

| CARNATIONS

for "ር ARDEN Ae

‘and GREENHOUSE. eye

PERPRTAL: Asya 3
wee Jürvia Aog -

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| WATERPROOF. SMALL. AESH:
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K ud ኦከ; on vita y 35/0172) n ሚነ te, P^ AB D He: dice ink | ^
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H ROBINSON, Net Works, RYE. b

4 Uv — DNE —— AP MN
, ሠ. ጄ Aperi te የ f A3 LM

ጨመ

May 2, 1925.

COLOUR PLANNING
OF THE GARDEN

By GEORGE F. TINLEY,
THOMAS HUMPHREYS and
W. IRVING, with an Introduc-
tion by Miss GERTRUDE
JEKYLL, and 50 Colour Plates
by Miss M. W. ANSON.
- =- - In 1 vol - - -

42 /= net. (plus ፤/- postage).

E purpose of the book is to
assist gardeners in laying out their
gardens in an artistic manner, having
regard to the colours and heights of
the various plants, their flowering
seasons, and growing capabilities.
There are 5,000 entries and 50 coloured
plates, exhibiting 300 selected garden
flowers.

GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, Ltd.
5, TAVISTOCK STREET,
COVENT GARDEN, W.C. 2.

THE ENGLISH
ROCK GARDEN.

PRICE : £3 3s. Od.
postage extra 1/3.
O-ONE who owns a rock garden, and

who loves Alpine plants, can afford to
be without this delightful work, which reflects
so faithfully the genius of its dead author,
the late Reginald Farrer. It is in two big
volumes, full of deeply interesting and extra-
ordinarily valuable information.

ወ

Can be obtained from ፡
GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, Ltd.
5, Tavistock Street, London, W.C. 5.

መሣ||[1|[[||[[/|11[1[|8/[1111: |. LE —

FERNS AND FERN CULTURE |

Mr. J. Birkenhead’s little book, so fascinatin

in its simplicity, and in the completeness an

THE GARDENERS

Pp TET TPAD IN RE

SITUATIONS VACANT

a a —

Twenty words (or three lines including headline),

4s., and 18. for every succeeding eight words (or

line or portion thereof). Fee for having replies
addressed to this office, 18.

Advertisers desiring their Advertisements
repeated must give full particulars,
otherwise no notice can be taken of their
communications. Name and address alone

are insufficient.

Gardeners writing to Advertisers of Vacant
Situations are recommended to send them
copies of testimonials only, retaining the
originals. To part with original documents
means to run a great risk of their being
mislaid.

When addressing Box numbers, it is essential
to give the initials or pseudonym, as well as
the correct number of the box.

PRIVATE.

HEAD WORKING GAR-

AUS
DENER, 4 miles from Maidenhead, where
5 hands are kept; cottage and coal provided.—

os stating wages and other particulars to €. E.
Faton Square, S.W.

ANTED, HEAD WORKING GAR-

DENER of two, thoroughly experienced lnside

aud Out: good references; married, no small children:

not over 45; good wages and house.—Apply, giving full

particulars, X. Y., Box 46, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

V ORKING HEAD GARDENER required

for country estate, Sussex; three gardeners
kept in all—M. L., Box 30, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

ANTED, SECOND GARDENER of seven,
Inside and Out, with good experience. 38/-

weekly and good cotttage. Apply, with testimonials, to
P. MURPHY, St. Osyth’s Priory, Clacton-on-Sea, Essex.

ANTED, SECOND GARDENER of

four, unmarried; comfortable lodgings close;

state wages.—Apply, with references, to T. COOKE, The
Gardens, Pelham Place, Alton.

[5 OF WIGHT. — Wanted, SECOND
GARDENER, fully experienced in outdoor flower,
fruit, and vegetable growing; cottage and garden
found. State wages required.—GEO. SLATER, The
Gardens, Gatcombe House, Newport, Isle of Wight.

ANTED, smart, active man as SECOND

GARDENER, single, to take charge of Glass,

chietly fruit; wages 42/- per week, with bothy, milk,

etc., duty every third week 5[- extra.— Apply, with copies

of testimonials only, to W. SAYER, Wistlers Wood
Gardens, Woldingham, Surrey.

Wee: SECOND GARDENER, chiefly

Inside; experienced Vines, Peaches, ete.; wages
38/- per week, bothy, duty paid.—Apply, giving full
particulars, to C. BROOKES, Burnham Grove Gardens,
Burnham, Maidenhead.

(.. any Gardener recomreni a trust-
worthy, active voung man as SECOND, Inside and
Out; produce principally sold; seven kept; age about
91; state wages. — MASTERS, Woodhall Gardens,

CHRONICLE.

X1.

OCK GARDEN.—Wanted, a MAN of

experience, married, with practical knowledge
of rock plants, their propagation, planting, and
display, to take responsible charge of a rock
garden of considerable size; good cottage.—State
experience and wages required to HEAD GARDENER,
Wittington, Marlow.

OREMAN, wanted immediately, to take

Lead, Outside, in Garden and Estate development ;
must be a thoroughly experienced and competent man
capable of handling a big staff. 44j-hours weekly;
commencing wage £3 5s. per week.—Apply, stating age
and experience, with copies of references, to SUPER.
INTENDENT GARDENER, Acacia Road, Bournville.

ነ NTED, FOREMAN, Inside, about 25,
must have had good experience in Carnations,
fruit and plants, bothy and attendance, gardener's ref.
essential, write stating wages and experlence.—F. J.
CHAMBERS, Woodhatch Lodge, Reigate, Surrey.

ANTED, immediately, experienced MAN

for Inside and Out. for place run on commercial

lines: duty every other week, bothy, cte. Apply stating

wages required and with copies of references.—J. H.
COLEY, The Outwoods Gardens, Duffield, near Derby.

OUNG MAN required. for Inside work

and assist Outside when necessary, duty every
second week-end. Wages 55/- week, no accommodation,
Apply personally. or by letter, to MEDICAL SUPER-
INTENDENT, stating age. experience, and whether
single or married.—Springfield Mental Hospital, near
Tooting.

Inside and
bothy, vegetables,
stockwood = Gardens,

ANTED, YOUNG MAN,

Out, wages 35,- weekly,
Sunday duty.—J. E. WOOD,
Luton.

(AN any Gardener recommend a thoroughly
/ interested and smart Journeyman, over 23, as
ORCHID GROWER; some experience essential ; splendid
opportunity to improve ; commencing wages 37!-
weekly, plus 18- monthly duty; bothy and usual
allowances.—LLOYD, Tewin Water, Welwyn, Herts.

ANTED, JOURNEYMAN, chiefly Out.

side, experienced in fruit trees, Roses, ete.,
wages 34 -, lodgings pald.—Apply, stating age, with
experience, to F. C. MUNNINGS, Aswarby Park Gardena,
Sleaford, Lincs.

. any Gardener recommend a thoroughly
interested JOURNEYMAN, age about 24 vears, as
Carnation grower chiefly. State wages, the usual
allowance and bothy, duty and overtime — paid.—
TURNHAM, Greenlands, Henley-on-Thames.

ANTED, experienced JOURNEYMAN,

Inside and Out: bothy; age about 23.
Particulars, wages expected.—JAS. HOLDEN, Cave
Road, Brough, East Yorks.

Vee experienced JOURNEYMAN for

Inside fruit and = plants, must be keer and
good worker.—Apply, with copfes of references, age,
experience, and wages expected, with bothy, to 4.
W. WILSON, Llanstephan House Gardens, Boughrood,
Radnorshire.

W: ANTED at once, JOURNEYMAN about
22, with reference, for Pleasure Ground and

Lawns; able to take duty ; 35,- and = bothy.—F.

IBBOTSON, Rolleston, Billesdon, Leicester.

WANTI D, experienced JOURNEYMAN

for fruit and plant houses; state age, particulars,
and wages expected with bothy —H. WILKS, Hampt-
worth Lodge Gardens, near Salisbury.

ANTED, experienced JOURNEYMAN,

for fruit and plant houses, wages 38/- and bothy,

duty paid extra. ው * with coples of refs. to GRASS,
The — Grantley Hall, Ripon, Yorks.

clearness of its information, can still be |= | Hertford. HN — m
obtained at == Warten. JOURNEYMAN. Inside, for
1/4 post free ።= — 890 ጽና . plant houses; must be industrious and reliable ;
po ና X 1... GARDENER wanted Sussex, wages £2 28. 6d. per week and bothy : duty every
AE À Pleasure and Kitchen Gardens.—(Can gentleman fourth week.—Apply C. J. SHUTLER, The Gardens,

Everyone who loves Ferns should have a copy
of this little volume, which is worth far more
than its very low price.

GARDENERS' CHRONICLE, LTD.
$, Tavistock St., Covent Garden,W.C. 2.

መ RT RN NN ST

recommend; wage 30/-, cottage, electric light, garden.— | Arno's Grove, Southgate, N. M.

LORD WRENBURY, Dallington, Sussex.

H1

ZAREE

"m
|

a Bee Ree

ANTED, for Fruit and Plant Houses,

JOURNEYMAN, not under 25 ; must have first-

class experience of the work and excellent references.

Wages £2 week, with bothy, milk, vegetables; this

includes duty.—G. C. WAREHAM, The Gardens, Holm-
bury House, Holmbury St. Mary, near Dorking.

\ ANTED, YOUNG MAN, with knowledge

of herbaceous plants, to take charge of borders.
Wages 35/-, excellent bothy and attendance, duty 5/-
extra.—HARDCASTLE, Gardens, Tongswood, Hawk-
hurst, Kent.

ij ከ.

24|||

3

\ TANTED JOURNEYMAN for Pleasure

Xlv.

be thoroughly
turn on duty}

this includes
Holmbury

Grounds, not under. 24, must
experienced. and able to nse seythe. take
wages €2 week. bothy, milk, vegetables:
duty.--G. (. WARKHAM, The Gardens,
House, Holmbury Nt. Mary, near Dorking.

Yo JOURNEY MAN, Inside and
Ouf.—State experience, age, wage expected,
with bothy, duty paid, to SMITH, Hackness Gardens,
Scarborough.

—— ብ

TANTED, two JOURNEYMEN, seaside

. experienee, one. with good knowledge Kitchen
Garden, one Pleasure. Grounds, rock. and alpine. 33 -,
bothy. duty alternate, inclusive —GARDENER,. 4, Coast-
guard Cottages, Aldwick. Bogsnor.

Wet IMPROVER, Inside and Out;
25 - weekly, duty extra; accommodation, ete., in

arden. 4 - weekly, board self —ROBINSON, Keverstone
Gardens, Bath.

W

State wages
Milnthorpe.

AV AASTED: LAD. 16 to 18, Inside and
Qut ; state age, experience, wages with bothy.—

FAIRS, Sanderstead Court Gardens, near Croydon.

PNG — ገ መመጣት — — z * -——

ANTED. immediately. for South West-
morland. strong YOUTH, for Outside, 5 in bothy.
and references.—F. C. KING, Levens Hall,

TRADE.

|

SWANLEY HORTICULTURAL COLLEGE FOR
WOMEN, SWANLEY, KENT.

PPLICATIONS are invited for a MARKET
GARDEN SUPERINTENDENT, man or woman,

A

must have knowledge of greenhouse work, packing,
“rading, and marketing of fruit, vegetables, and
flowers. i l

Further particulars may be obtained from the
Secretary.

)EQUIRED AT ONCE, really competent

1 MANAGER for show garden, best references

essentlal—-Apply by letter to G. H. W., Box 32, 5, Tavis-
tock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

YARDENERS.--Required thoroughly ex-

perienced PROPAGATOR and GROWER of
Decorative Plants, including Ferns, Carnations, Chrysan-
themunis, efc, must be capable of producing good
quality stuff in quantity. Also a thoroughly experienced
GROWER of Decorative and Bedding Plants to assist.
with the above.—sState age, wages, and full particulars to
F. 0., CADBURY BROS. LTD., Bournville.

፤... for herbaceous and alpine
department, wanted at once; unmarried.—Apply

THYNE & SON, Downfleld Nurseries, Dundee.

V TANTED, YOUNG ORCHID GROWER
to go abroad.—Apply in frst instance to
SANDERS, St. Albans.

ANTED, WORKING ROSE AND

FRUIT FOREMAN, used to growing quantities

or smart, energetic YOUNG MAN, good budder and

grafter, capable of taking charge under supervision.—

Apply, giving age, wages expected, and testimonials,

stating where experience was gained.—8. McGREDY &
SON, Royal Nurseries, Portadown.

\ ANTED: CHARGE HAND, for Tomatoes,

Cucumbers, and Chrys, must be energetic and
experienced. State age, wages, and experience; single
preferred.—H. ላ. E., Box 45, 3, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

DALM GROWER,

houses wanted,
Patk Nurseries,

in Palm
MANAGER
Isleworth.

expert man
Wages £2.— Apply.

Mogden Lane, '

Cole

X7 ANTED, FERN

competent oman,

Box 47, 5, Tavistock Street,

ነነ . good experienced GROWER
የዛ Plant Nursery. Good wages and overtime

paid. >ፐ. A. MILLER, Park Nurs ries. Selhurst, S. E. 25,

GROWER, must be
lor South Coast. —FERNS,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICL

WANTED, GROWER : chiefly herbaccous

plants: with landscape experience —HARDY
PLANT FARM, Oadby, Leicester,

ANTED, KNIFESMAN, must be well

up in budding, grafting, training, and other

work.—Apply stating whether married or single, with

original testimonials and wages expected to JOHN
BASHAM & SONS, Fairoak Nurseries, Bassaleg, Mon.

NC. HAND wanted: bedding stuff,
ፈካ Chrysanthemums, and eut. flowers; permanent
AQUATIAS, The Nurseries, Stockport
Timperley, Cheshire.

if suitable.—P.
Road,

TANTED, young MEN

and = general. Inside work ;
men and nursery hands:
and jobbing work.—L. R.
Nurseries, Richmond,

used to potting
also good spades-
alo men used. to. landscape
RUSSELL, LTD. Richmond
Surrey,

(1 ARDENERS.— Required,
perienced gardeners : floral
window-box filling — essential.— Apply
JA NAGER, Harrods, Ltd, - 44,

thoroughly ex-
decorating and
PRODUCTION
Hans Crescent,

ARDENER,
West End
Apply by letter
(1911) Ltd.,

thoroughly accustomed to
trade, furnishing and decorating.—
marked GARDENER, Robert Green
28, Crawford Street, Baker Street, W.

MPROVER, about 19, used to Cucumbers,

Tomatoes, Chrysanthemums and bedding plants,
references and wages required.—MUSTIN, King's Heath,
Birmingham.

EAD LEDGER CLERK AND CASHIER
wanted June, good writer, accountant, corres-
pondent, quick and accurate at figures, state wages,
highest references required.—E. W. KING. Seedgrower,
Coggeshall, Essex.

ANTED, JUNIOR CLERK, ledger and

invoicing principally; preference to shorthand-
typist. State experience and wages. — HOLLAMBY'S
Nurseries, Groombridge.

ALESMAN AND FLORIST wanted, with
good business training and thorough knowledge of
fruit trees, Roses, shrubs, and general nursery stock, for
leading Dublin florists’ shop; must be competent to
advise customers and book orders for large nursery.
Apply in confidence with copies of discharges, state
fully where experience gained, age, salary, married or
single, when disengaged, etc.—WM. WATSON & SONS,
LTD., Nurseries, Killiney, Dublin.

LORIST wanted for Dublin, experienced,
. to take charge.—Particulars and references to
R Fn Box 54, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,

‘SITUATIONS WANTED

Twenty words 28., and Gd. for every succeeding

eight words or portion thereof. (Advertisements at

this special rate are only accepted direct from

gardeners and nursery employees.) Fee for having
replies addressed to this office, 18.

PRIVATE.

EAD GARDENER.-BAILIFF open for

engagement, thoroughly practical ali branches;
highly recommended ; Scotch ; 47: married.—COLVILLE,
Drumnasole, Carnlough, Co. Antrim.

YARDENER, HEAD, last 18 years Head
Bowen. Rart., left
life experience.—J.
Willesden, N.W.10.

(1 Gardener to the late Sir Albert
through death; highest references,
D, 55, Denzil Road,

Gee ae HEAD, two or more, thor-
oughly efficient all branches, includ alpines ;
conscientious, willing; house. — HEDGECOCK, High
Street, Fareham,

E.

|

May 2. 1923.

- .

YARDENER, HEAD, first -«dass---expertence
E all-round gardening, excellent references, successi!
with Carnations, fruits, vegetables; disengaged,
welcome interview if necessary.—BOL TON,
Carmarthen Town.

would
Y ^t Ia i .

EAD GARDENER desires change: ከ!-

elass experience all departments: now Head ei
six In nobleman's garden: married, no familyv.--S$. W. H..
Box 51, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

IR ROBERT KINDERSLEY, BART.

highly recommends his HEAD GARDENER, lite
experience in all its branches in good establishments,
including Dropmore Park, Buckinghamshire ; also
several years Head with Col. Hanbury, C.M.G., Wexham
Springs, Buckinghamshire ; good references; married, one
girl, ten years.—Apply C. FROST, Plaw Hatch Hall.
Sharpthorne, Sussex.

OL. E. G. HARDY would be pleased to

J recommend A. DAVIES as HEAD, or SINGLE-
HANDED with help. well up in all branches, Inside and
Out: excellent references; age 43; married.—Lattitord
Cottages, Wincanton, Somerset.

ARDENER, HEAD or SECOND, Inside.
20 years’ experience, Inside and Out: married:
cottage essential.—STHR EET, Park Mill, Burwash, Sussex.

ITUATION wanted as HEAD WORKING
K GARDENER OR GARDENER-BAILIFF, 15 venr-
last place as Gardener-Balliff, previcusly at Rainford
Hall Lindley Hall, Caldecote Hall and Lindley Lodge,
age 39, married, 2 children—JOHN HEXTALL, Egerton,
Bo!ton, Lancs.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, thorough

practical man, life experience in all branches.
Inside and Out, early and late forcing, Grapes, Peaches.
Melons, Tomatoes, Cues., etc, herbaceous, alterations.
energetic, good manager 6} vears as Head Rockingham
Castle, married, highest references, disengaged, — A.
HIGGOTT, Edithweston, Stamford.

( à ENTLEMAN confidently recommends
advertiser as HEAD WORKING, where keen.
interested man required; life experience all branches.

Inside and Out; control staff; excellent references:

4 T present; age 33, married, no family.—E.

RYANT, Purley, Reading,

NARDENER, HEAD WORKING, seeks
re-engagement; life experience in al depart-

ments: marketing of surplus produce and. the general
management. of a good establishment: 7 years Head:
age 40, marrled.—R. W. L., Box 33, 5. Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

NARDENER, HEAD WORKING, seeks

situation, private or trade: experienced: age 43.

married, cottage required ; highly recommended.—8MITH.
16, Sherbourne, Warwick.

YARDENER, HEAD WORKING. - Mr.
Foster, Grimsthorpe Castle Gardens, Bourne,
Lines., confidently recommends his generai foreman.
J. WALPOLE. as above, age 32, 3 years here
as Foreman, life experience.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, capable

all branches: irreproaehable credentials, abilities.

and character; worked under Sir Edwin Lutyens, R.A.:

Carnations, fruit, colour schemes; estate being sold:

married, no family, age 47.—C. RUSE, The Hyde
Gardens, near Luton.

~IR ERIC HAMBRO, K.B.E., wishes to
highly recommend J. CROSS as HEAD WORKING
GARDENER, was ten years with the late Sir Everard
A. Hambro, has thorough knowledge of all forms oi
gardening, leaving solely on account of death, married.
no family.—Reply J. CROSS, The Gardens, Hayes Place.
Hayes, Kent.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING,

two or more are kept:
recommended, age 34, married, 2
c'o Mrs. Money, Upton Road,
Reading.

where
life experience : highly
children.—J. KEITH.

Sulhamstead, near

Y ENTLEMAN wishes to highly recommend
his GARDENER, HEAD WORKING: life ex-
perience in all branches; 6 years present. situation: age
40; disengaged when suited —HOWE, Moore Cottage,
Coolham, Sussex.

- 1 i | ር ጌኒነ”ያ፦ሥ ግ

May 2. 1923 THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE. XV.

| መሠ ዘመሙ - - —-— © ር

*ENTLEMAN wishes to recommend ከ18 YARDENER, SECOND, thorough knowledge TRADE.

A GARDENER, HEAD WORKING, life experience Inside and decorating, excellent references (rom
in first-class vardens, both Inside and Out; good gowl establishments, North and. South: married when
grower of fruit, flowers, and vegetables, pens ang E ne perd Chelwood Beacon Gardens, — ——
late forcing; 4) years present situation.—Apply. . ast Grinstead, Sussex. ORKING MANAGER or FOREMAN
Epping, Eie TS a i ar ው secks re-engagement in Market Nursery, 30 years’
1 —— “ ARDENER. SECOND. 38 — ^ experience Cues., Toms., Chrysanths, bedding 'stuff, and

: arna €— $ dione abr WOUND, 35. የበዚየፐገር01 CX- | general nursery work.—WISBEY, The Bungalows, Kings
፡ ሽ perience Inside and Out: or SINGLE-HANDED Nurseries, Walton-on-Thames.
| HE. WORKING GARDENER. Foreman with help; well reeommended.— GARDENER, — 63,
seeks situation as such, accustomed. to. large and High Street, Epsom, Surrey.

small gardens; highest recommendations from Head men
and employers as to ability. enthusiasm and integrity ;
life experience in noteworthy gardens; age 32, married,
no family, wages Wi, and cottage.—C. W. P. Box 60,
> Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, ነነ.('. 2

"*YARDENER. HEAD WORKING. or good
SINGLE-HANDED, life experience in good estab-
lishinents. excellent. referenees.. age 42, married, one
boy 13. knowledge of land and stock, wife dairy or
poultry ሸ required. not.— essential; — BURRIDGE,
7. Somerset Road. Kinguston-on-Thames.

*X ARDENER. HEAD WORKING, life
) experience in all branches, Inside. and Out. early
and Jate forcing. good manager of men. age 39, married,

14 vears as head. “wood referenees,
36. Harrow View Road, Ealing, W.

ME; W. STODDART
AY his HEAD WORKING
several are kept: life experience
lishinents : 0 two-and-a-half oo vears present situation,
previously foreman to the Countess of Donoughiore,
Chelwood Beacon: leaving through the sale of property:
married, no family. —P. SLOANF. Tudor House Gardens.
Woodville Road. New Barnet.

disenvaved.—AK ERS,

highly recommends
GARDENER. where
gained in large estab-

GARDENER seeks re-

engagement, fully qualified, keen, and energetic ;
“ood references, married, age 38. one child.—B. W.,
Box 45, 3. Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, ጎነ'.('.2.

G WORKING or
J SINGLE-HANDED,
Inside and Out; good

age 30. Hite ed ከር
references: married when
sHited.— D. N. E. Box 49, 5,
Garden, W.C.2.

H EAD WORKING

ARDENER. HEAD

Tavistock Street, Covent

YARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED, or with

help. good general experience: age 30: married
when suited: exeellent references: cottage. Please state
wages.. A. V, Box 50, 5. Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2,

YARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED: life ex-

perience responsible, industrious: married, 1 child:
excellent. refs.: cottage: disengaged.—WILLEY, The
Croft. Wilnecote, Tamworth, Staffs,

YARDENER, SING LE-HANDED or other:

wise, general and practical. experience, Inside
and Out: age 26; married, no family; excellent refs.
—€C. SNEWIN, North Road Lodge, Leggatts, Potters Bar,
Middlesex.

Y ARDENEH seeks situation
፳፻ HANDED. ave 24, ten years?
take lead in Kitelien garden or. kitehen garden and
pleasure grounds. Please state wages. Good refs; —

H. DANCE. 45. Graham Road, Wimbledon.

( Y ARDENIEH, SINGLE-HANDED or other-
ሽ wise. seeks situation. married, well. recommended.

lite experience outside work.—STEVENS, Mayfield, Tar-

porley, Cheshire,

as SINGLE-
experience or would

1 ARDENER. SING LE-HANDED or other-

wise: 13 vears’ experience, Inside and Out: good

Tefs.: please state wages: single at present, age 30.—H.
IDDEN DEN, 66, Havelock Street,

Canterbury.
QIR JAMEN DALE, who is
AJ London, highly recommends his

life experience in all branches, would take a
SINGLE-HANDED — situation and make himself
senerally userid: age 44, married. — Apply. G.
REEDER or SIR JAMES DALE. Courthope House,
Wimbledon, S.W.

leaving for
GARDENER,

ITUATION
ኑኦ7ያ expert in
fruit, vegetables:
13. —5OU TH.

GARDENER,
Malimuaisons, borders,
vood organiser: age
Tavistock Street, Covent

wanted. Scotch
tree Carnations,
life experience,
Box 44, .

Garden. ነነ.(.2
V ORKING GARDENER. mdi ; 3 years
character, leaving through reduction staff. —PIM,
Raswell Hascombe, Surrey.
(x (ARDENER, age 30. married, — seeks
situation; experienced. Inside. and Out.—R. D..
Box 56, ጋ. Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, WoC. 2

Wee situation as UNDER-GAR-
DENER or HANDY - MAN, single, with

Widowed mother; small house or cottage required:
good references. — WARD, Wood Farm, Moreton
Pinkney, Rugby.

7OUNG MAN wishing to learn gardening

seeks employment as UNDER-GARDENER, ex-
cellent. references, low wages.—BUSWELL, 58, Elphin-
stone Road, W althamstow, Essex.

ጓላ Anrep situation, near London.

WORKING FOREMAN; age 45; married.
daughter. experienced; could take charge of small farm,
kitchen garden, Toms., Cues., etc. pigs, poultry, bees;

house or good cottage essential; excellent references.—
E. H. P, Box 58, 3, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,

as
one

W.C.2.
ME PATERSON, Holkham anions: Nor-
folk. «can highly recommend ላ. MeDONALD
as INSIDE FOREMAN, age 26, single, experience
gained in good establishments.
OREMAN, Inside, seeks situation, thor-
oughly experienced in fruits, plants, Carnations,

Chrysanthemums, Cucumbers, Tomatoes ; good refe rences ;

married; age 30; no family —NWILKINS, Bourton,
Shriv enham, Berks.

DVERTISER, aged 22, wishing to obtain
ፈ more Inside knowledge, seeks situation Inside
and Out; 5| years kitchen and pleasure grounds :
some Inside knowledge: excellent. references; bothy.—
. M. €. Box 57, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent.
Garden, W.C. 2.

DVERTISER, with 20 years’ experience,

ፈ wants a place as GROUNDSMAN, can drive motor
mower, competent. um ire; good recommendations : house
essential. — Apply OUN DSMAN, E Flat Cottages,
Hally Lane, near Menton.

MIRST JOURNEYMAN seeks situation,

Inside, 8 years’ experience; age 23 years; well
recommended, cricketer.—F. FERNY HOUGH, Somersal
Herbert, Dov eridge, Derby.

OURNEYMAN sceks situation, Inside and

e Out, able to take duty if required, age 22, well
recommended, bothy preferred.—8. M. SAY ER, Bothy,
Kingswood Warren, Near Tadworth, Surrey.
J VOSS, Kedleston Hall, Derby, can
eJ è recommend JOURNEYMAN., Inside and Out, age
23, leaving through death, putes bothy, used duty.
OURNEY MAN, as. Oueide: Kitchen
e Garden በ” Pleasure. Grounds: R vears' good ex-
perience: north or south midlands preferred: excellent

refs. ; good Knowledge motor mowers.—E. B
», Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

N., Box 32,

OURNEYMAN, seit 6 years' experience

e Outside and duty, seeks situation, Inside, under
good foreman; keen, good refs., age 20; bothy; South
ከ ከር —E. 'LOCK Y R, The ' Gardens, Ashton Hayes,
:hester.

OURNEY MAN, kitchen garden and. pleasure

e grounds, able to use sevthe "and take duty.— B. S.,
Box 83, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.2.

7; OUTH requires situation as IMPROVER,
Inside, age 17 years, two years present. situation,
bothy preferred. —BROWN, High Street, Bisley, Glos.

m

OUTH, 22, seeks situation, 7 years’ ex-
perience, Inside and Out: bothy; near London:
good refs.—M. C. Box 55, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent

Garden, W.C. 2.

[8(፲ RICIAN-CARPENTER, seeks situ-
ation, country estate, gas or oll engines, general

repairs : married, no children; 19 years? experience,

present place 5 years: excellent. rets.— , G. TAYLOR,

Houndswood, Radlett, Herts.

NTELLIGENT YOUTH, 24, seeks situation

in country, help in house and garden, live in,
low wage, recommended.—DU NCAN, 27, East Arbour
Street, London, 6.1.

OB ም or CHARGE requires situation :

fruit, Roses, general life experience, budding,
grafting, ete. in leading - nurseries; manage
farm: age 15; ostate wages..—H. SMITH,
Cottage, Langley, Slough

fruit
Vine

XPERIENCED GROWER of
Cucumbers, pot and bedding plants,
for market or shop trade, requires situation

Tomatoes.
cut flowers
with good

firm; single.—HU NT, 15, Hawks Road, Kingston, Surrey,
ንነ... MAN, excellent references, seeks

situation on market garden, near London pre-
ferred; has had charge ; willing to be under to
prove ability.—G. WEST, Stowey, Clutton, Bristol,

CLIMBING PLANTS

By WILLIAM WATSON, late
Curator of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

TaS delightful book, quite unique

in its subject and treatment, is one
of the best in the ever-popular '' Present-
Day Gardening" series. Its eight lovely
coloured plates alone make it a book to
treasure, and the information it contains
cannot be obtained anywhere else, for
Mr. Watson’s knowledge of the subject was
unrivalled.

Price 5/6 post free.

GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, LTD.,
5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2

FORM OF SUBSCRIPTION TO
THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE

From

19
Please send me The Gardeners’ Chronicle

for which I enclose P.O

Please note that all copies sent direct from
this office must be paid for in advance.
12 Months, 30s.; 6 Months, 15s.; 3 Months,
7s. 6d.; Post Free.

Receipts for less than three months’ subscription will not
be sent unless specially asked fcr.

All remittances to be made payable to the
GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, Ltd., and sent to

5, TAVISTOCK STREET, COVENT GARDEN,
LONDON, W.C. 2.

ee

al. t tme

"ESTABLISHED tso .0 .-..-

—“ OG, IRDA NERS CHRONICLE) - Ee ASCH daw 3. : ገመ

J HOTHOUSE BUI LDERS,
-AND HEATING © ENGINEERS TO.
HIS MAJESTY THE KING.

ALSO ELECTRICAL. ENGINEERS. AND. IRONFOUNDERS..

JOTHOUSES: We. are oat ነ present. í arrying gout many — ae

| Hothouse Contracts 16. seasoned Teakwood ; sar stock of Teak- |

* ood de quite. up. to pre War standard, and ‘prices. 8 are very moderate. M
x Our stock ot seleoted seasoned Redwood is the best in the country, but us
for the best. clasa of Hothouses we recommend Teakwood, Representa B
tives. will ከዩ gent. to any part et the 6098፻7. io take particulars . and hoe
prepue. estimates.” Please. send ig. your enquiries. .
LONDON-8, Camden. Road, N W.. SGOW--121, St. Vincent 5
bee ‘EDINBURGH ‘(egistered Oltice sid Werk) —Balcarres. ‘Street. |
Telegrams ፦ 4 “ GLASSHOUSE, NORWEST, LONDON, " cand” ‘HOTHOUSE, EDINBURGH.” "

— Biden ud "Heating — —
LONDON OFFICE: ARS VICTORIA STREET. "WESTMINSTER, s va.

Experience ROE over more than 4 Peha. and
Half-a- Century: enables us to include . ; practically .

all that is- est. in the erection. mm. y imperishable
equipment. of. Glasshouses. - zs |] osmading for -

(a ኃ ERA i E
Estimates {rées Interviews ከነ appointment in ' im — ORE
any part of the ¢ 11 DS oco EE So -SEND ron FULLY ዕጻ

/ ALLUSTRATED |

SEE DUE. EXIIT AT THE CHELSEA SHOW. BIST.

Phone: 865 3 መ) በጨ

"m Y, አ

FOR ‘GREENHOUSE HEATING
ae ROCHF! 685. -& RISSON TUBULAR. BOILERS.

Ka SECTION: AL. BOILERS— HOT-WATER. PIPES-
aay Hot-Water Valves. — ‘Veutilating: Gear?
| Awarded Gold Medal Royal International: ‘Exhibitien 1912.

oH [a 5 Heating Apparatus ያ ary. “part af oe Radon. a: 5
s FORTY XY ARA K EXPERPIENGE-

— p. KINNELL & Co. Ltd. ee LONDON 5.8. EL

—

^ E 2 ^ Pa * tu
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Pria Y by cH ADS Dorinte * ፪6. e Baht — 16/66. Er Le. nik us i WE ጋዙ hy ‘pe በደላ ERE Aes Dh EIN i bs Seve
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GER VEGETABLE. and. Blower | Bardon.
ROE. APurden, Md: "Greeubiumas. - “Finest ረ“
— — Geste: rowth. Speca. List. "አደሮ, -. ^
3 MARE ds. Re as, May © ae Rims teet)
Covent: Garden’ Ww — አሥ

JOBBIE'S g2
- 396. pages, 194 iiaatrationa :

Catalogue | ፡
trea to all teadet, |

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„Jesds ities: ‘Categuea Ob 409004... r

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ET ELL 5. CATALOGUE EC HETAN s: TRES
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ia

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pus YORÜHAMA “NURSERY: rece 379.
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ኗ Wee "ré Orie makiii. ontens. far: out noted: roated

187. nb the abewe. tu be déesphtehud- 18. Run SAPE
rota ‘ont May. Gmverds ut the: -618›940፪ ut —

—— And EROR"

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fi BSH TON Gare Paid: for cw.c, Book earl ly tel a
he — at aa aay: Were last seon MANAG

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de Lorraine,

iut x
RE:

li. THE GARDENERS

SALES BY AUCTION.

WEDNESDAY NEXT, MAY 13th.

IMPORTANT SALE OF
quantities of Gladioli, Japanese Lilles,
Carnations, Antirrhinums in the newest varicties,
Chrysanthemums, Violas, Bedding-Out Plants of the
l atest introductions and other

Horticulturists,

also
BAY TREES AND PALMS

in various shapes, suitable for decorative and exhibition

Begonias,

items of interest to

etc.,

"m

purposes.

ASPIDISTRAS, BOX TREES,
| Plants from Belgium.
Woe: PROTHEROE & MORRIS,

will sell the above at their SALE ROOMS,
67 & 68, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.C. 2.

and

Catalogues post free on application.

BUSINESSES FOR SALE.

URSERY BUSINESS, well situated,
greenhouses, growing stock and poultry, with
equipment, £500, lease with 2 acre, £52 per annum, plus
rates and taxes.—GAYTON, Farm Lane, Purley, Surrey,

K ETENDTD compact little Florist Nursery,
well-equipped, for £2,500, everything complete.—
Particulars: FLORIST, Box 2, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C.2.

PROPERTY FOR SALE.

ESSRS. PROTHEROE & MORRIS,
Horticultural Auctioneers and Valuers, 67 and 68,
Cheapside, London, E.C.2 (established over 90 years),
have the following properties for disposal and will be
pleased to send fuller particulars on application :—

BERKS (5780)—Small Freehold Nursery, attractive
house and 1ች acres, potting shed, 2 light frames. Price,
including stock, £1,150.

SOMERSET (5790). — Small Holding,
residence. Price, freehold, £1,000.

SURREY (5795).—Well-known suburb, small half-acre
Nursery, two greenhouses, pits and buildings. Rent
£46 per annum. Price as a going concern, £550.

34 acres and

BUSINESS CARD.

AMES BACKHOUSE, F.LS.,, F.R.HS,
for many years Chairman of the late firm of James
Backhouse and Son, Limited, having retired from York
offers his services as GARDEN CONSULTANT ; 30 years
experience, specially in connection with Alpine and
Herbaceous Plants; advice given for Rock Garden
construction and planting, also for rmanent flower
borders, boundary plantations, etc.—Address for terms to
Caer Fegla, Arthog, North Wales.

NOTICE.

WILLIAM ARKWRIGHT, DECEASED.
NOS is hereby given that all persons

having any claims or demands against the Estate
of William Arkwright formerly of Sutton Hall, Sutton
Scarsdale, in the County of Derby, but late of Thorn,
Wembury, Plymouth, in the County of Devon, Esquire,
who died on the 19th day of February, 1925, and Probate
of whose Will was granted by the Principal Probate
Registry on the 17th day of April, 1925, to the Executors
therein named, are hereby required to send particulars
in writing of their claims to the undersigned Solicitors for
the said Executors by the 15th day of June, 1023, after
which date the distribution of the assets of the deceased
will proceed amongst the persons entitled thereto, having
regard only to the claim of which notice shall then have
been received.

Dated this Ist day of May, 1925.
TREHERNE, HIGGINS & CO,
7, Bloomsbury Square,
London, W.C. 1.

PLANTS, àc. FOR SALE.

Small Classified Advertisements. Twenty words
(or three lines including headline) 48., and 1s.
for every succeeding eight words (or line or part
of a line). Fee for having replies addressed to
this office, 18. Displayed advertisements, 8g.
per inch, or 10s. facing editorial matter.

ERNS! CALADIUMS !!—Begonias, Palma,

Crotons, Dracaenas, Gloxinias, Hydra
Geraniums, Ericas, Lilies. Ferns and How to due
Them, by. J. E. SMITH, 3/6 post free.—SMITH,
London Fern Nurseries, London, S.W.9.

LARGE GARDEN FERNS,

100,000

j- 100, variety; wanted 1 000
large A spidistras for dividing. Catalogues ጽ66.---
SMITH, Fernery, London, 8.W.9.

| [o Chinese, and other Rhodo-

dendrons on their own roots. Shrubs Alpines,
Lans etc, Write for
cent,

and border Plants,

Aquatiea,
Lists —G. REUTHE,

Keston,

—

RAUCARIAS.—A few very fine plants to

offer. 5j ft. high, not too spreading, in tubs, at

35,- each.—Apply ROBERT GREEN (1911), LTD., 28,
Crawford Street, Baker Street, London, W. 1.

OOTS and BULBS.—12 Delphiniums; large

blue, Splendid, worth 1/- each, 5/- free;
Glorious Gladioli, 12 sorta named, 10 each colour,
120 for 10/-- List free.—JESSE HANDSCOMBE,

Grower of Seeds and Plants, Feltham, Middlesex.

I UTCH BULBS.—If you want good stuff

for not much money, send your orders to
A. P. VAN KESTEREN & SONS, Lisse,
Lowest prices on application.

Holland.

YAULIFLOWER PLANTS.—Best autumn-
sown plants, Early London and Walcheren, 12/6
per 1,000; prompt delivery, carriage paid: cash with
order. Special quotation for large quantities, and price
list of all varieties of autumn-sown Cabbage Plants
(including Brussels Sprouts, etc.) grown from our famed
select stocks, at lowest prices on application.—JOHN
GILLIES, PRESTONPANS, LTD., Prestonpans, East
Lothian. Largest Cabbage Plant Growers in Britain.
Established over 50 years. Telegrams: “* Plants, Preston-
pans" Telephone: 24 Prestonpans.

SPARAGUS PLANTS.—Connover’s Colossal

(2 years) 7/6 100; (3 years) 10/- er 100;
packing and carriage, 2/- 100 extra.—JOHN PERKINS
AND SON, 52, Market Square, Northampton.

YLEARANCE, Overstock.—Gladiolus flower-

/ ing Bulbs, 25 sorts, 8/- 100; Lilum longifiorum
giganteum, 50/- 100; Cyclamen Neapolitanum, 3;-,
Pancratum maritimum, 3/- doz.—MORLE & CO., LTD
150-156, Finchley Road, N.W.

BEDS Plants.—Extra fine Geraniums,

Chrysanthemums, Asters, Begonias, Lobellas,
Pansies, Violas, and all others: list free. —MORLE & CO
LTD., as above.

MISCELLANEOUS.

RON AND WIRE FENCING for Gardens,
1 Ornamental Iron and Wire work of every
description. Catalogues (G.C. 156; Iron Fencing and
Tree Guards, Catalogue G.C. 65: Wood and Iron
Gates, Catalogue G.C. 163; Kennel Railing, Catalogue
G.C. 86; Poultry Fencing. Catalogue G.C. 70. Ask for
separate lists.—BOULTON & PAUL, LTD., Norwich.

IRDS' BATHS, Sundials, Vases, Statuary,
Birds’ Nesting Boxes, etc.—Catalogue (No. 3)
free.—MOORTON, 60, Buckingham Palace Road, S.W. 1.

CHRONICLE.

May 9, 1925.

QTONE PAVING.—Crazy and rectangular
KJ York Garden Paving, Copings, Steps, etc, Grit
and other Rocks for Rock Gardens: Flat Stone
Rubble for * Dry" Walls. Nottingham Mari. Large
or small quantities carriage paid to any Raílway
Station in England.—HODSON & SONS, LTD.,
Castlegate, Nottingham.

ME STONE PAVING for Garden
Paths and Lily Ponds; rectangular or broken for
rustic work: :

steps and wall coping: rockery.—GEO
VINT p ping ry

& BROS., Stone Merchants, Idle, Bradford.

ELECTED GREY WESTMORELAND
Weathered and Waterworn Mountain Limestone
Rockery. The finest Rockery Stone; also York Stone
Garden Paving.—HERBER BROOK, High Road,
Whetatone, N. 20; and Lightcliffe, Yorkshire.

OCKERY (Westmoreland). — Waterworn
Limestone for sale in 6-ton lote and upwards ;
any uantity. — For ricos, etc., write JOHN
WARDLEY & SONS, Slack Head, Milnthorpe.

and

all garden
STONE

OTSWOLD Crazy Paving

^ Walling Stone, rockery and
agricultural lime. — SALPERTON
QUARRIES, Haselton, Glos.

Dry
stone :
TILE

(1 INE CUMBERLAND TURT, Red
-ጃ Shale for hard tennis courts; Weathered Lime-
stone Rockery, Crazy Paving and Stone for garden
making ; White Spar. State requirements.—K ERSHAW'S
LTD., Garden Makers for 50 years, Keighley.

URVES.—Specially prepared for Lawns,
Tennis Courts, Dowling Greens, etc. Dark and

ellow fibrous turf loam. Inspection invited. —
"'ROGLEY & SONS, Hoddesdon, Herts.
ORTHAMPTONSHIRE LOAM from

Ironstone Land, unequalled for fibre and colour:
ample 2-cwt. bags 2/6, carriage forward; low rate for
truc loads.—NORTHAMPTONSHIRE LOAM CO.,
18, Horsemarket, kettering.

ANSTEAD or Walton Heath Loam—-A

choice soil for Vines, Roses, Chrysanthemums,

Carnations, and general use; now is the time to stack.—
YOUNG BROS., Betchworth, Surrey.

EAT MOULD for Rhododendrons and
Nursery Work, 5/- bag, 25/- ton, in truckloads
on rail—WALKER, Pinewoods, Camberley,

RAVEL (Surrey, binding without
stickiness, for paths and roads, 12/0 per ton
on rail in truck.—WALKER, Pinewoods, Camberley,

Surrey.

OAL, Coke and Anthracite.— Trucks to
any station. House Coal from 12/6 per ton EE
Welsh Anthracite, 27/- ; SemAnthracite (registered), 23/6
Semi Anthracite, 18/6: Horticultural Coke. 16/-: Gas
Works Coke, 17/-. All insizes suitable for any furnaces.
—BUCKLE COLLIEBY CO., 59, Hales, Cheltenham.

EWAGE DISPOSAL for country houses
factories, farms, cte.: no emptying of cesspools: no
solids: no open filter beds: everything underground and
automatic ; a perfect fertiliser obtainable —WILLIAM
BEATTIE, 9, Lower Grosvenor Place, Westminster.

Án HOT-WATER BOILERS up to largest
e) size made, all tested: 10,000 feet H.W. Pipes.
large quantity fittings, heating apparatus fixed com-
lete, glasshouses or materials for same: garden
fights, list free: established here 27 years —C ል.
CHRISTIANSEN, Norwood Green, Southall, W.

NARDEN NETTING. —Best Selected Small

J Mesh Tanned, 50 by 1 yard, 4-, or 2 yards
8'-, or 4 yards 160-, carriage. paid. Tennis Nets
and Standards. List tree—STRKRAWBERRY NETTING
CO., 5, Suffolk. Terrace, Lowestoft.

ARDEN Spades. special. 2/6: Hand

Grubbers, 1 6; carriage paid-—McINTOSH, Forgue.
Aberdeenshire.

Dco HBEMDUT.
x batt igang. «n down other ns.

e "፳ከ
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DERRY MAN. "de ety, —
Kx Contzueototw: dor: 5183 ^ መ በለ ‘Manure:
Barracks, ጆፍ ያ Aldershot; Mano: MEET 5.6 OF

Poh Ak x SDN Ee gh nd * * —

SHIRTS:

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GARDE ኣነ ርስ CABON ICHE.

— — — "Wut ዝየ ይ ደጄ በበ — ——

| LOUR ቨ ANNING

E GARDEN

s 3 — "፳:: TINLEY:

THOMAS HUMPHREYS and

(LOW. IRVING; with 36 Tnteoduc-

—tion ከሃ Miss GCERTRUDE.

(M ANSON,
A des (. Nob — *

ሓው. net. t በ! ፦1 —

| | T purpose 4 ue ‘book | is to.

5:5:1. “gardeners. in laying out their

1 gardens in An artistic manner, ‘having:
segari io the colours and heights of.

14]- per gall.; 5 galls. 67/6;

isa

5 gatb suticient - ፪88፤
(0. make 285 galls... |

SCOTT'S NICOTINE INSECTICIDE
10 galla. 130}:

z DWARF: SINGLE ‘BEDDING. pun HA 4g o SERE
."COLTNESS GEM” — i

A 5 Brillient 86ሀ፳6. E —
* U The Friuli Stack "Aüfrod verd - bs Po ud uk “ማሽ ን
ie “plates, — 200 backed — 1:11] mequired; S£Beeuo 1/ 0.
OPERE. dE -] cetriking bibong flowers all-season. unti 5:81. agen —
flowers... diet ።.. ws osta Mae teal ulanat ክ8ፎ- quot. TAKE 38: doe
— “ዐየ. apneas, aleu- dor kugé- en 8፲ሺህ1[- gardens. am.
ood nd of Mere ፳.-15. Pallin Trike, 1923,
Prick ige qui duaen, quiet. Treg. May: dosüséey: hse i
፡ Dwarf Bedding Dahlia, Dünechbt ¥ellow | de
( — “Seeding rem Eples, om &snt« 2800...
“aod habit. —1
Puce ata per. በ0569; parked aad ዝቦ die; eT
Sunnis: ast E Bedding Planle: èt., pot diens

D. & PURDIE, 6, Waterloo Street, Glasgow, ር 2

DNA ; Sabe — 89፡6: dorus DO —
| “ተ መመመ. Meer :

the: ‘yacious. plants, their. flowering. |
- seasons, and): growing- capabilities.

| $ T ANT 55 ear ን Tar: “SaDar — i here s
wo Re ETE. amay: pone NN ፦ af SE እን Ys —— SIE T are 5 000 entries and $0 rolaured

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(E GARDEN NETS
WATERPROOF. ^ . SMALL MESH. |

For Seeds and Ss lise Protectan :
from ravagues of binta, ma

AT vardas. Ang; 1: vVatd ide Se 6d. ብበ by 3. Bs.
OMÜBy & 75 69. 30 Uy 3 16& 306 by 5 195: 64.
80 by 6 15x | . eaerlage ቁጩ

H. ROBIN AON, Net Werke, RYE.

EVERY
GARDENER
KNOWS
THAT

Ph ጋታ reir One 4
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ቅ TAARE AETERNE AMT ERAS RE RES 69 ጽፎና መሶ Ag abt Y.
à ppotat ment

| GARDEN ROLLERS Y T

; GREEN'S.
"New Century’ ፻፪

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IUE: ከፍ:

wasted.

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citra Drehmrifs and: Fruit Teens, ቀ ያ.
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— ውፍ tebe

To Wis: Majesty

WORLD FAMOUS

LAWN MOWERS

— e We s

FERTILISE -
FREELY! I:

: ኮ ertilise: fesely: or all. your.
labours in- the garden will bé -
— Plants must dee
L5 Nitrogen. and fhe best form
5 Nitrate: of Soda in: conjenc- ss
c hom with መ ud
“potash. £e

-ጓየየ”ዶ4ኒፐድ COXIMETTEE

The best Man

— a n and ገዴ. ጸ ዛብ ST ቁ

— MOTOR mow EMS
0. ‘ade: An sige 24 19. de dE Gn
s | &réen's
Blzsa:;

Retlsble, Eihelani unt £tenemiii.

‘Maybe had. from ይቤያ —
—— y Minn ሕፈ

Dh —

—— AP

SE -SNe Tiroud, Streit, London, 30:5 የ deos

E APPS

And: fakes ihe Garden
Bay all the year round -

ror with ገርህ ዘፈ ለ — stb

BARR & SONS, :

soy RARE: የአይ "A

| lawn PIVORIODA 3

rie forall Lawns | $

- Mpply daring showesy yeeather ii Apri.

be Com poses af dügreiienta onleufnced i ta anenùrage | Joi
| a sigarous growtb- of. grass onivo.
4

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‘OF highest. |.

&o56 Ww qim 9 6 AERA — —— ee eee ጓይ ው ውትውወ»ቹ

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PAINTS: S MARKERS |

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in T 9) Michell St, — E

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“NICOTINE INSECTICIDES | ee

- are by far the most. —— and nconomical for በ6መየ፡ወገዩ።ር AI
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ENGLISH NICOTINE, 95-080... Full direc: — SDAP. በክመዘመ: Mad. የከ. best
Hons for using as furngant o or spray pid as "potasio - Bite wap phis "747, micotive, 167
‘Prices bn.applicanon;. - 55^ iR RPXAATRE Or svange work Prem. * lB.,

i Mm . ሕ 313.) 4/ 6. 277 IA. 20 RP

JMWICOTINE VAPORISINC COMPOUND. - ር CAMPRELL 8 FUMIG ATING. ROLLS. V ery
‘Nicotine content 5094. Tp botties for z, 38:22/። jor fumipatiog greenhouses. In.
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Prices: 4/8 3/9. 1/8; ቹ:» abd * — bas 2 fices: Tds, IMs HE ang, 1

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CAMPBELLS ‘PATENT SULPADR * APORISER. Bor: vapwirising OVES Tüe ——
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He d. lc wa Os ያ Jaca. trei ier "pp anus Sy nA

ON GAUNTLETT & 055, td:

apni Nursery, © HIDE INLOE iN AUR)

DAHLIAS. ... — —

My & Salitan 15 boogie: Je ybi dire —
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JA Re ሽክ Galeton: ከ፻. “Henenh — ግ! rm

NEW CACTUS GERANIIMS..

z'phese Are ‘quite à- Neve de ipaa, X4 Dia DA
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imitroduet ion.

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uos page ! Cat 4፡92 Pork Fins |

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Alio Tennis Baundary. INGUGL = i CL gy ue Le tuse. / Bees
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$
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MOORE & Co. Net. Works, RYE. oo — e 22 The ONLY. remedy. foc —

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xt Ser er AT OM ONS: EM | | ፡
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———

T o M A F O E 5 OC AO kets --:..:...ረ. E
ካገጻርጽ WELL ጽዕቧትዊቹ — — BÉNS BONK: E ደዘበ- SNATOBAEFTINR - PAP CR Sy ee Past ie — a tae ee as

. .:፡።። “COMET sk REC Runt. - | Mie ፳፻ለነበፍ]ሽዩቿች cao 2860. oe felis
; E ENEE SHANEDNET m Due als ፲፲ CHEAL & SONS, Ld,
fom ML RH irse m due dw, ሺ — ሄሪ ee "4 feeds her, por አበር eg — mut 55,

፡ A v dt * s AN ይኡ MANE viv V ሠ Er እአና

3: HANDSCÓNMNE.- VEL RES
LC, NE CRM EN y CY Ny ሚም

The. Fejtham Norsetips, Miga: — ቴው. LARES The wr je Ti ንኒ CRAWLEY.

JJ ry Re "t

TUA

*
— — — —
#

Vi.

CELL ELLE ELLE ርማ ር EEE EELS ELE መ ው ው EY

e est BE EE ESE LSS ወጪ መግት ቃም de

ጾ#

^

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. May 9, 1925.

—— — — — — — ee —

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY’S

GREAT SPRING FLOWER SHOW

TO BE HELD IN THE

ROYAL HOSPITAL GARDENS, CHELSEA, LONDON, S.W.
On BAY 19, 20, 21, 22, and 23.

The Ranelagh Gardens adjoining the Show ground will be open
to visitors and provide a resting place tor those who wish to sit
in the shade or to meet their friends. The Band of the Royal
Artillery will play in these Gardens each afternoon. l

ALL FELLOWS OF THE SOCIETY ARE ADMITTED FREE

on presentation of their Tickets.

PRICES OF ADMISSION TO NON-FELLOWS:
Tuesday May 19 2 to 7 p.m. 10/- Thursday May 21 9 3.1. 16 7 p.m. 2/6
Wednesday » 20 9am.to7p.m. መሥ Friday » a2 9am. to7 p.m. 2/6

Saturday May 23 9am. to 5 p.m. 1/-
(Show closes at 5 p m.)

— — — — Da ae a o መመመ (መመመ —— — — — — — — — Ó— — — ——M — —

HE UNITED HORTICULTURAL BENEFIT AND

| PROVIDENT SOCIETY has paid out £16,452 in
sick pay, £3,688 in grants to members in distress,
£4,363 to members over 70 years of age, 27:020

to the nominees of deceased members and it has
invested funds amounting to £68,776. @ ጋሪ

Every horticultural worker under the age of 45 should

look ahead and provide for assistance during illness and
distress by joining this long-established National Gardeners’
Friendly Society. ወ Ø ጋ g

FULL PARTICULARS FROM :

A. C. HILL, 35, Alexandra Road, West Kensington Park, W. 14.

ER FO See E R ST RS ROR HOR HOR Dee Tee Tee ee ee

SN

May 9, 1925

THE

<

GARDENERS

CHRONICLE.

309

THE

Gardeners Chronicle

No. 2002.——SATURDAY, MAY 9, 1925.
CONTENTS.

Alpine garden— Parks and — gardens,
Horminum pyren- publie ... n "Em
aicum iu —. 913 | pietures at the Roval
Flory, Mr. 5S. W. ... 3lu dura — "st 322

Garden notes from Phuns, the blossoming
south-west Scotland 316 ; M
3 HE Mere ol... oe hie ... 310
** Gardeners’ Chronicle : n
seventy-flve vears ago 211 Societics— .
Hardy flower border— Federation Horticole

Barrenworts .. 314 , Professionnelle In-

virus diseases i terhationsde, . . e.
HOR: SUR. En and 3S0 | Midland Daffo lil... 323
Indoor plants— National Auricula and
Cinerarias . 314 Primula ፍች S. 326
Freesias... ui . 314 North of England
International Horti- Horticultural e ጓ>=፣
eultural exhibition Roval Horticultural 825
at Haarlem... ... MT South Lodge, Horsham 118
Trees and. shrubs—

Mycorrhiza and Legu- Rhododendrons of the

minous plants... 300 Lapponicum — series 315
North of England ‘Pansy | Vegetable garden—

and Viola Societs ... 309 Popular main erop
Obituary— Potatos in Scotland 322

|
|
|
Morter, Mr. W. 310 |
|
|

Witney, Harry (፡. ... 32s Violet awarded a wold
Orchid exhibit in a medal... F OW

London Stores . :ቨዞ) Ward's, Mr. Kingdon.

Orchid notes and | eighth expedition in
gleanings— | Asia ... ... BIN
Nome Bornean Or- Week's work, the o5 hte
chids ... . 312 Wisley, notes from =... 316

ILLUSTRATIONS.

Androsace helvetica " * - — ሻኛ EE
— vernalis ... 316
Cassiope species dise overed by Mr. ‘Kingdon Ward |.. 318
Flory, Mr. 5. W.. portrait of, ን Bae - ... 310
Hop plants, grafted — 3321

International Horticultural Exhibition at Haarle m:
Daffodils in Groenendaal Park, Hecmstede,
319: rock and water garden arranged ከነ
Messrs. H. den Ouden and Sous, in Groenendaal

Park, Heemstede M — nM ae PE x
Narcissus Mystic ... a 2 d M 52s {aces
Nvang-chu and the Tsangpo, the junction of the 18
tose Templar... "m xus 2 * T ... 311
AVERAGE MEAN TEMPERATURE for the ensuing week

deducted from observations during the last fifty

years at Greenwich, 323 '.

ACTUAL TEMPERATURE—

The Gardeners’ Chronicle Office, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden. London, Wednesday, May 6,
10 a.m. Bar. 297, temp. 50?, Weather, Cloudy.

Ir is, of course, a well-

Mycorrhiza ascertained fact. that. the
and roots of many diflerent kinds
Leguminous of plants- Coniferous and
Plants. flowering plants --as well as

Ferns are habitually infected
with a fungus. The fungus, which takes up
its abode on or in the root, gains access to
the latter from the soil. Once it has estab-
lished itself therein the fungus behaves like
à shadow, dogging the root as it grows and
extending throughout the tissues as the root
extends. The mycorrhizal fungus 15 generally
restricted to certain tracts Of root-tissue. [n
many of our forest trees the fungus forms a
mantle over the young parts of the root,
except the extreme tip. The hyphae of the
fungus cover the surface and dip in between
the superficial cells of the root, but do not
appear to enter the cells, When they are
present the root fails to produce root-hairs,
and hence it would appear that the absorption
of water and mineral salts normally carried
on bv these organs is undertaken by the
mycorrhizal fungus. This fact has contributed
to the generally-accepted idea that the rela-
tion between root and fungus is mutually
beneficial; in other words, that it is a
svmbiotic relation. This conception has in
turn. led to an extension of the idea of
parasitism to include not only cases in which
the host suffers from the attack of a parasite
but also those in which no manifest. harm,
and possible good, accrues to the partners. oi
the association, As ‘fa certain. number o

fleas are good for a dog," so the superficial
fungus mantle constituting the mycorrhiza
of our forest trees appears to be good for
them. [n numerous other cases the hold
which the fungus gets on the root is more

profound. The fungus enters into the cortex
of the root and sends suckers or haustoria

into the cells. The nice state of balance
between host and fungus-parasite is often
illustrated. by the fate of the haustoria.
Instead of sucking the verdure out of the cell
which it enters, the haustorium after a period
of growth within the cell may be ultimately

destroyed. The most recent observations* on
the subject of mycorrhiza add many Legu-
minous plants to the already long list of

those which are
mycorrhizal fungi.
in which

habitually infected with
Among the Leguminoseae
this state of affairs exist are the
common Pea (Pisum sativum), the Sweet
Pea; the Clovers: Trifolium pratense, T.
repens and T. hybridum ; Medicago sativa,
Melilotus officinalis, and M. alba, and not a
few other species. Wherever the garden Pea is
grown, at all events in America, the mycorr-
hizal fungus is found in attendance upon it.
The effect of the fungus would appear to be
mildly harmful. In its presence the young
roots show a vellowish colour, and at times
when root growth is inactive- -as, for example,
late in. the. season-- the. fungus appears to
Nourish better, extending throughout the
whole of the young roots right up to the
tip. At other times when the roots are
growing well the growth of the fungus is
less vigorous, With the view of ascertaining
Whether the presence of the fungus is on the
whole harmful to the plant, Mr. F. R. Jones
carried out some cultures of Sweet Peas in
sterilised and in unsterilised soil. Having
sterilised the soil by means of formaldehyde
he grew sundry Leguminous plants—Sweet
Peas, \lfalfa, and red, white and Alsike
Clovers in the. sterilised and also in the
unsterilised plots. The roots of the plants
in the sterilised plots showed no signs of
vellowing until late summer nor did they
become infected till then. The effect of soil
sterilisation was to produce more vigorous
growth. In the case of the Sweet Pea, the
plants in the treated plots grew twice the
height of those in ordinary soil and had twice
the number of blossoms. The Clovers and
Alfalfa also profited by growth in sterilised
soil. Whether, however, the more vigorous
growth was due to the elimination of the
mycorrhizal fungus or to the direct physical
and chemical effects of soil sterilisation, was
not determined. Nevertheless, here is a hint
by which amateurs of Sweet Peas might
like to profit. Mr. Jones has explored the
occurrence of the mycorrhizal fungus among
other cultivated and wild plants. He has
found it in the Onion, Asparagus, Asters,
Strawberries, Dandelion, Violas, Maize, and
certian other. plants. It looks as though
practically all. plants will be found to live
habitually in association with tungi, and if
so, the poet's asservation that ‘nothing in
the world is single" will apply with unex-
pected co;zeney to our flowering plants.

North of England Pansy and Viola Society.- -
This special floral Society is to be con-
gratulated on the excellent Journal it has
published for 1925. It contains a great deal
of interesting matter concerning Pansies and
Violas, although the majority of the pages
are devoted to lists of subscribers, the rules

the Roots of Legumes
Fred. R. Jones, Path-
Plant Industry, U.S.
Journal of Agricultural
November L 1924.

* A Mycorrhizal Fungus in
and some other Plants. By
ologist to the Bureau of
Department of Agriculture,
Research. XXIX., No. 9,

of the Society and schedules of the various
exhibitions which will be held in 1925.
The several shows held under the auspices
of the Society are an amateur’s show to be
held in the Royal Horticultural Society's
Hall, Westminster, on June 30 and July 1;
the tenth annual show to be held in con-
junction with the Saltaire Rose Society's
show on July 14 and 15; the Nelson Section

show to be held in connection with the
Nelson. Small Holders! Society's show, at
Nelson, on August 22: the show to be held
in connection with the Southport Flower
Show on August 26, 27, and 28; the com-

connection with the
Society’s show at

petition to be held in
Walsden Horticultural
Todmorden, on Saturday, August 29; and
the exhibition of Violas and Pansies in
connection. with the great International show

to be held in the Industrial Hall. Annandale
Street, Edinburgh, on September 9, 10 and 11.

Amongst the short articles is one entitled
“The behaviour of the 1924 New Violas,”
by Mr. John Smith of Galemire, in which
he gives place of honour to Mary Douglas,
which he considers the best wire-edged white
variety up-to-date. He considers that the
yellow variety John Adamson will hold its
own against any other yellow sort, although
it is rather slow in blooming in the early

months. Peace Fold, creamy-white; Moseley
Sunrise, Kathleen Condry, and Mrs. R.
Beveridge, are all well spoken of by Mr.
Smith.

Violet awarded a Gold Medal.—Violet Mrs.
Divid Lloyd George was awarded a Gold
Medal at the New York show. This beautiful
Violet, which was illustrated in Gard. Chron.,
November 16, 1918, p. 199, was raised by
Mr. J. J. Kettle, and received the R.H.$.
Award of Merit on November 8, 1018. The
petals are deep, violet-purple, with a few
darker markings at their base. In the centre
are four white petaloid segments, forming a
white eye, and a few violet lines appear on
each of them. The flowers are deliciously
fragrant.

An Orchid Exhibition in a London Stores.—
During the past week a display of choice
Orchid plants in bloom, arranged in the
best exhibition style, by Messrs. Sanders,
St. Albans, has been on view at Messrs.
Harrods, one of the largest stores in the
West-end of London. The multitudinous
departments of thia vast emporium include
a large floral hall and Palm court in which
plants and flowers are displayed for sale,
and it was in the floral hall that the
Orchids were arranged. The group comprised
choice varieties of Miltonias, Cymbidiums,
Cypripediums, — Cattleyas, Odontoelossums,
Odontiodas, Dendrobiums, Masdevallias, and
Coclogynes. In the centre of the exhibit
was a plant of the fine Cymbidium Ceres
with two big spikes carrying large, delicately -
rose-tinted blossoms, and at the back of
this was & Splendid specimen of Cattleya
Empress Frederick alba with two fine spikes,
whilst in front was a specimen of Brasso-
Cattleya Apollo (B.-C. Digbyano-Mossiae x
C. Mendelii), the segments looking like pale
pink satin and with a speckled front to the
beautifully fimbriated lip that has a tinge of
gold in the throat. On either side of
the Cymbidium was a plant of Odontioda
keighleyensis that hung its rich red flowers
on a long spike. Many of the visitors were
especially interested. in Coelogyne pandurata
because of its beautiful green segments and
lip of most remarkable formation, the latter
being spotted and reticulated with black in
a manner a painter might envy. There were
fine examples of the dull-coloured Cymbidium
Devonianum with its hanging racemes of

flowers, and also of Cymbidium Merlin, a
beautiful soft pink flower with a richer

coloured lip showing traces of red, and with
golden ridges in the interior. Both Odontioda
Charlesworthii and O. Magali Sander were
finely in bloom. Several Miltonias added to
the attractiveness of the display. M.
Bleuana delicata being notable for its delicate

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NT » -መ -መ »

314

that they may utilise their money and
garden space to more advantage. It is a
dingy and ineffective Labiate with spikes
about eight-inches or nine-inches high, bearing
small, dingy-purple flowers above dull-looking
tufts of foliage. There are, or were, in
cultivation, two white forms, the one with
dull, white flowers, and the other, recorded
by Mr. Farrer as one of his “finds.” It
was white with a purple edge. Recently
seeds of a pink variety have been offered
for sale, but I have never seen it, and
have certainly no desire to do so. Botani-
cally, it is interesting as the best of the
dwarf or alpine Labiates, but it is vastly
inferior to the greater number of alpines in
cultivation. S. Arnott.

HARDY FLOWER BORDER.

BARRENWORTS.

THE Epimediums or Barrenworts flower
well in shade, thriving even better there
than in sunshine, although they will flourish
also with & fair amount of sun. They are
generally woodland plants, delighting in a
light soil, and producing numbers of their
uncommon-looking flowers in April and May.
Their leaves, like the flowers, are exceedingly
pretty, and from the time they appear in
spring until they wither in the end of the
following winter are attractive objects from
their colouring. They come with lovely tint-
ing and pass off a fine bronze. I have
employed the foliage of Epimediums frequently
for decoration on the table in association
with Snowdrops when the latter were in
flower.

The Epimediums are
generally from six inches to about fifteen
inches high. They are capital for the
border or rock garden. Some may be raised
from sceds, but all may be propagated by
division of established clumps.

Considerable numbers are in cultivation,
and those named below would form a repre-
sentative collection, but a group of three
or more plants of a kind would be admirable
in the garden. They increase quickly in
congenial conditions.

Epimedium alpinum, the Alpine Barrenwort,
is only about nine inches high. It has
delightful, bronzy foliage and flowers of
crimson and yellow. It blooms from April
until July.

E. colchicum is a dwarfer species only six
inches high, and has good, yellow flowers,
but these do not last so long as those of
the preceding.

E. lilacinum is a delightful species whose
colouring is & highly-pleasing shade of Lilac.
The plant blooms about April and May.

E. macranthum is very pretty, with its
soft, white flowers; it grows eight inches

dwarf plants,

high. Those who wish a dwarfer white
Barrenwort may secure E. Musschianum,
which is only some four inches or five

inches high and has small, white blooms.
There is a carmine-red variety called E. m.
rubrum, which flowers from May to July.

E. niveum is, perhaps, the best and
purest white-flowered species. It grows about
six inches high, has pretty foliage, and
flowers in April and May.

E. pinnatum, which has sulphur-yellow
flowers, is a fairly strong-growing plant with
bold leaves and large blooms. E. Perral-
derianum is still stronger, and has good,
yellow flowers. ŒE. roseum is a charming
species with delightful foliage and soft, very

attractive, rose-coloured blooms. The last
grows about eight inches high.
It should be added that the heights

given are only approximate, and are greatly
modified by the conditions under which the
plants are grown. such us soil and situation.

As is to be expected, plants in a rich,
woodland soi! under trees grow taller. than
those in poor soil in the open. S. Arnott.

THE GARDENERS

—— ‹..- መ. ፡ጮ — MM — — — — —

INDOOR PLANTS.

FREESIAS.

Mr. Jacos’s letter (p. 281) rather implies
that I prefer the small, closed type of Freesia
flowers to the more open and larger ones,
and that I breed from them for preference.
Let me say at once I am all for the
larger, more open flower with segments
standing at right angles to the tube, but
there are good reasons why these do not
appear. He also infers that my group of
Freesias exhibited on April 7 was composed
of the closed type of bloom and represents
the Bartley strain. Let me point out that

this group, which was, thanks to Mr.
Felton's great help, admitted to be the
finest group of Freesias ever staged at

Vincent Square, was put up to demonstrate
the decorative value of Freesias and not to
exhibit the Bartley Freesias (as a Freesia
group I was not at all pleased with it),
and for this reason I cut every flower spike

available, using discarded seedlings, good,
bad and indifferent spikes, irrespective of
colour, size, and form, and even the

commonest mixed blooms were pressed into
service. Had I intended exhibiting the
Bartley Freesias I should have put up a
very different group, and had Mr. Jacob
shown a group of his Freesias, I know
every one would have seen the difference
and I should have hung my head with
shame.

I know his Flame is better than my
Golden King; the latter is an ancient, but
no doubt Mr. Jacob wonders why I keep
it. When I have worked up a stock of a
thousand of a deep yellow like Golden
King, but with a large open flower with
the stem, stamina, and scent of Golden
King, then I shall be prepared to discard
the **ancient." I keep it not for its flower
but because it serves its purpose, and there
is no other variety on the market to take
its place.

The American varieties that 1 have grown
had good size and shape, but lacked sub-
stance of petal and strength of stem, and
I discarded them, as the results of crossing
to improve these faults were not successful.

I do not think Mr. Jacob can accuse me
of favouring the closed type of flower like
Golden King. The variety Wistaria 18 the
only variety to receive a F.C.C., and this
proves I prefer and can breed better things.
Mr. Jacob does not mention one very im-
portant matter, and that is the strength of
stem in the flowers I exhibited. I consider
a strong, stiff stem in Freesias or in any
flower absolutely essential, What shall it
profit a man if he hath a Freessia of great
size and wonderful shape and of marvellous
colour, but with a stem as stiff as a piece
of cotton and as straight as a corkscrew.
What is the use of breeding huge flowers
if the stem is too weak to hold them up.
I don't think I showed many weak stems.
I place good stems as the first point in
breeding. I have noticed that nearly all the
brightest coloured blooms are small. I get
plenty of washy colours in big. open flowers.
I specialise in coloured Freesins and, there-
fore, breed for colour in preference to size.
I know Mr. Jacob has very good yellows,
but I expect he finds size docs not generally
go with colour, such as mauve, blue. lavender,

puce, Petunia, rose reds, and multi-coloured
shades. 1 have many vivid colours, but in
most cases the flowers are small compared
to the two inch to two-and-a-quarter inch
flowers of to-day, but they all have
wonderfully stif stems, much branched,

carrying four or five side spikes which makes
them very useful for decorating.

To sum up, I put the essential points in

this order --stem, colour, size and shape,
seent, general habit, and constitution, and
1 T could. only vet the colour mto the
larger ones as easily as 1 cean in [ከር sinaller
ones, 1 should find Freesia raising much

easier. . H. Dalrymple, Bartley.

CHRONICLE.

May 9, 1925.

CINERARIAS.

Few plants are so effective for conservatory
or greenhouse decoration during the early
months of the year, as the Cinerarias and
the exceeding beauty and variety of their
flowers make them highly desirable subjects
for this purpose. The plant is of com-
paratively easy culture, makes rapid growth,
is very succulent, requires generous treat-
ment and an equablo temperature. A good
compost for the Cineraria is one consisting
of four parts mellow, fibrous loam, to one
part of decayed manure or good leaf-mould
with a sprinkling of sharp sand; for the
first potting a little additional leaf-mould
may be added and for the final potting a
sprinkling of bone-meal. The loam should
be chopped up roughly and the manure
and sand thoroughly incorporated with it.

The usual period for sowing the seeds is
during May and June and generally the
plants raised in May will be found the
most valuable and make better specimens,
but plants from a June sowing will be
useful for prolonging the season the fol.
lowing March and April. Sow the seeds
thinly in pans of sandy soil and cover them
with a very thin layer of soil or silver
sand. Place the seed pans in & cold frame
and shade the soil from the sun until the
young plants begin to show above tho
surface, when the supply of light and air
should be increased.

Cinerarias grow so freely that it is not
necessary to prick the seedlings off round
the edges of pots or pans, but immediately
they have made their second leaves they
may be transferred to thumb-pots, taking
care that the heart of the plant is not
covered. The number of times the stock
will require shifting . depends on circum-
stances, but for ordinary conservatory
decoration two shifts will be sufficient;
specimens for special purposes may have
three shifts. In both cases they should first
be put into three-inch pots and when well
established those that are to have only one
more shift should be transferred to six-inch

pots, the others into five-inch ones and
finally into seven-inch receptacles. No definite
time can be fixed for re.potting, but so

soon as the pots are filed with roots the
plants should be transferred to Jarger-sized
receptacles and it is important that this
operation should not be delayed or starvation
commences; moreover, when the roots are
much entangled they have a difficulty in
striking out into the fresh soil. The 8011
should be pressed rather firmly but not very
hard. Clean pots and good drainage are
essential in every stage.

The most suitable position for the plants
until the end of September is certainly a
cold frame placed on the shady side of &
wall where the plants may have an abun-
dance of light without being exposed to the
fierce rays of the sun. From the end of
September until the flowers begin to expand,

a heated pit facing south is the best
position, although they will do very well
in an ordinary greenhouse provided they

are kept near the roof-glass and free from
draughts. lt is also highly important to use
as little fire-heat as possible, just sufficient
to keep out frost is all that should be
employed. When exposed to a hot, dry
atmosphere, the leaves curl and the plants
make little or no progress.

The plants should be
at all times, especially during
They should have | sufficient moisture 10
maintain vigorous growth without being
kept in a saturated condition, but they
must nof, under any conditions, suffer from
drought. Soft water should be used when-
ever possible and when the pots are full of
roots and the inflorescences are developing,
frequent applications of weak liquid manure
will omeuterially {assist im producing fine
flowers. of good substance. Frequent over-
head syringings help to keep the plants clean
and healthy. W. Aulon.

watered carefully
the winter.

SCH ‘OF ‘BIRMINGHAM
Faas KS Ano TERETERE DEA NEHE:
SPITAK: BUILDING...

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— E XS T ERAN CM 5 Vert uh
ዓሻ ማው መሚ — TM ኤር DOLO Poe ee — ሉቀ Chale Weeds?

P UR ee She AAC TES ‘Merah: —— MA yn
$ : pit ——— — SE DATA IM ከድም
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| MOTOR MOWER |

vs The d linee — — — trom, des oipivans ‘Patka 3
Comatier: bras leading: ‘tly, empty: proves “the 8 equacy 61. aec
... ሜን መጋ Moor Mawst: when. args exten(s of grass bare da ኮ2......
Cove maintemed m: good condition: | The ARTES is ated: fegularly br ees
:......... many: leading otparations. May we arrange a tree: demonstration D i
| v Md a 22 Inch: Model RIG; 30 Inch Model, LEB. .
Bee £50 Variante. delivered. ‘Guaranteed 12 — RS bee ነይ . - RM
pw Casts dm seven days. M eive ae KNEE
Cai «9 መበ «qae in iheir lowne should nend far free Bonkles : rac IEA
urf Neate” and." Notes of fraise, Saale BRE QS, V.

t i. d € HAS. H. P U IGI H, z bi imite d Re ae, — ths fos ORE
| WHITWORTH WORKS, 35 Hond, BIRMINGHAM —

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jon roms, MAT COMTAT COMMA comma COMMA ርር

wa Teoma rc ommura rcommseTcorumm arcomm@aTcommuma TCO > mMMITATCON

“WEED | ኣሪ

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LxNOUD SAVERS. "RüpktA" Lames 86866. Soi cue,
Vip, — 3 lay Oy eae ipa

T Wa TRESEDER LTD.

The Nurseries .
CA RDI EE

DAHLIAS

ASK. POR A CATALOGUE.

DOBBIE'S PLANTS

BARDY SCOTCH GROWN -

Growers, requiring. Chrysanthemums,
Dahliss, Pansies, Violas, Hardy Hèr-
bacecus and Alpine Plants should
consult our Plant Catalogue. Post.
Free on ን አ rion: ን

; w — * * iiao ህቭ44ጸ57, C 6) ወፍና ይ:

1 ፪: WEED num
i LAWN SAND

Awarded Gold Medal ingk: - Amaricas Exhibition. :

“Weed Hitier.—Tia ta maka 5 35, gallons, #ፍ5 45. lor. !-
bO gallons, 8; . postage, 9 Lon ssib. |.

Lawn Sandi be, 4/~; 58 lbs. — መው

|. paid ont dwt, —— Bend tor ist. ና

ME — — #6. LTD. — xm

Mention this Paper.

DOBBIE & CO. LTD.
King's Seedamen———EDINBURGH.

E ዒ ጭ
ኤኋ=።ሬሎሥ se c at or E ER, ሰ ሪግ

PURITY”

SOIL FUMIGANT

Per 16/- CWE.

Kilis yonr ipa’. Pests and te déeshes the iil

WEEDS" “One application vt
HARRISON'S. Reliable. WEED KILLER.

| Seep your Garden Paths. — — ety),
rae ies from wands fut at fe feast iX in The: font
| er ሂሂ Plantain nad ንብር lion 486: ósea.
Brightens (ክድ Ave ‘Fraprenae ‘Saying jn. Labour. -
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88 ee fe OLR BL
BG C HARRISON, sen
j, Horticultaral Chemist, | i i:

REA DING.

—— የመ

y “PURITY

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Per 16 out.

“Suppliers | ae “al ‘Portilizursi
Write: for Tut is E ES: ks.

— — — — —

rs -— — —

GRAND SELECTED SPECIALITY: $ | - Se
: - ሂንክ1668 (white. and. colours) cw
Cauliflower, Leeks and Lettuce. - € a
| CONTRACTS. FOR ANY SPECIAL ፲፪ -
“CULTIVATION - _UNDERT AKEN, Fs

— መመ” — eae ———— eet መመ

HECKMONDWIKE CHEMICAL CO. |

| KECK MOND WIKE. 3

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said by Nuar.
So ei !
. Florists,
: ተየበፀበየ8(5ከ፪615.:
ን አ ረ

Sole:
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| t their”

Spring,

——

pre epate. th fenovdie 3ከ986 portions
that have sullered most. ud
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‘Particulars and Prices us
Mintures of Grass: Seeds fe Lawns ፡
and of. Sutton! 8 Complete: ‘Grass. js
Application; | PUN LAE

; Engutties qe Jumti ወጋ us ‘shall he: ብና ta,
ዝሃ 99 ‹ህ/;፣ ty cont erpenidence: 9n Wa. Mera

ATE y irae

CHRONICLE.

— . ^
denis ዝከ pes at dree- c

Seeduntent, —
$ 8 ከ66118፤5, —
“and

| Proprierors
and. Manufacturers.

EUIS LOLOL AT

Pee —— 2

‘Tutt carefully and

sion? y

EE Bens Tron Works, Arbronih, Scotland.

Mayo, 1928.5.

NOTES FROM MAID-
A STONE. -

GRAPES AND FIGS FOR.
COLD GREENHOUSES.

Phe P ዘመ pan he recam-
mendat e planting “NOW x ርን

‘Grapes “Black ወ፪ — —
የህ oie: the best E
rout grape für à ህሪ. hause:
Ii sets freely and - ds gary 4
- uliscále, pare «“። a ce
“Ammam n Grape s EH d
while. ነ | | tasters Suh 2^
-. ling s He betri ti ELE Mul. sA

crups Freely, ihe- thie e thie s
and: the Jlaroursenst: MAE:

Planting qune re 15” ES

ወፀ E Y —

2. igs

pase Se — eat: — x ; | ;

Brown Turkey. but. tere dre c dn
other: Hark varieties: PRN epo
[7ሀ፳:. Cs mong: white parsley; ad
e White: ይዴጩሠ i orla. DOM
-:- quad. Soll plants, Re MATAR SS
: larger. 3 oed ia AC. —

TEG OT aAHLR ENAC RGW EC He ፣
REEDS We orouhl: emditd- ያር o H
፡ የለሸ PRAA are — us favis: s^
1 || ሀሀ” Erat and የብ ፳ mak: al iH
(i, ዜሮ . free: ADD x]
ለች 0. BosvARD. & Co. Dany Mit ነ
but, The’ PR Nurseries, | 5
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ARM, hile i Ke" is DA — doi CAPS —

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A RA SM

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Spei Exhibition et MOTOR MOWERS:
at Royal Herticuitural Show, Chelsea.

A SHANKS & SON, LTD.

"pun ut e

Fi A QUNM à

4
$

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: | Mini Lane! — Cannon Street,

hs

Seti ddl

— MÀ ee

ቀያ ላ ፣, ቺቼዔ

May 9, 1925.

ORCHID NOTES AND OLEANINGS.

SOME BORNEAN ORCHIDS.

MucH interesting information connected
with the introduction of plants has been
lost for want of recording, and it is the
duty of those who are in a position to
supply details of incidents not generally
known, to do so.

The collection of Orchids
late Hon. N. C. Rothschild, in Borneo, is
a case in point, and it may be of service
to publish the following particulars con-
cerning the plants.

Early in 1911 I was asked to procure a
young plant collector to accompany a party
working in Borneo for business purposes,
and 1. secured for Mr. Rothschild and
another gentleman interested the services of
Mr. Douglas A. Sinclair, nephew of the late
Mr. Sinclair, for many years manager of
the order department in the Chelsea firm of
Messrs. James Veitch and Sons. Mr. Sinclair
had not a free hand, but had to follow a pre-
scribed route, localities he traversed being rarely
supplied with the plants he sent home, but
he did the best he could, and was a very
satisfactory agent. At the end of his journey
in 1913 he emigrated, and in 1914 it was
reported that he had joined a coionial
regiment, and was wounded in the Dardanelles
region. Many friends in England would like
to know how he fared later.

In the various consignments he sent home
Coelogynes were plentiful, the larger ones,
such as C. asperata and C. pandurata, being
numerous, while the rare and curious C.
peltastes came also in quantity, and there
should still be many plants of it surviving.
There were many plants of the pretty C. Motleyi,
Rolfe n.sp. Occasional plants of other
Coelogynes and Pholidotas of the country,
some of which were recognisable and others
unknown, promised interest in the future.
and a very noteworthy new record was set
up for the highland Indian Coelogyne elata.
a dozen or so of which flowered out of this
Bornean collection made by Mr. Sinclair.

The Dendrobiums received did not include
any of the showy kinds, but D. microglaphys
and a few others were pretty, and D. spurium
J. J. Smith, the complicated history of which
was given by myself in The Gardeners’
Chronicle, June 29, 1912, from the Ashton
Wold specimen.

Two pretty and specially interesting species
reeorded from the collection were Saccolabium
glomeratum, Rolfe, and Sarcanthus robustum.
O’Brien, both illustrated in The Gardeners’
Chronicle from drawings made by my daughter
when the plants flowered.

made for the

The late Mr. R. A. Rolfe took great
pains to determine both these plants, and
named the Saccolabium, but could not
settle about the other, although he said he

could find nothing comparable to it. So
after more looking up of records of the Malay
region, the drawing being ready, I took the
initiative and published the species, and it
has stood, I believe. There were but two
or three plants of the last-named. Sarcanthi
of the terete-leafed class were received in
variety.

Other Orchids of interest in Mr. Sinclair’s
«ollection were Cleisostoma Wendlandorum, a
large and handsome plant with long racemes of
small, but pretty, flowers; some pretty
Bulbophyllums, one or two of which turned
out to be new, notably B. attenuatum,
Rolfe, the graceful Appendicula bifaria; Eria
major, Ridley, and others of the class, more
noticeable by their graceful growth than
their small flowers.

Several species of Liparis of the L. lacerata
and L. euspidata section and others flowered,
which it is to be hoped are still living.
Those which found a home at Kew will be
safe, but others have been distributed, and
these should be looked after as they appear.
James O'Brien.

THE GARDENERS’

TREES AND SHRUBS.

RHODODENDRONS OF THE LAP-
PONICUM SERIES.

THE species comprising the Lapponicum
section of Rhododendrons include low, strag-
gling, or erect shrubs, from a few inches to
five feet high, having a tangled, wiry. or
erect habit. They are natives, usually, of
very high altitudes, up to 16,000 feet. The
twigs and leaves when crushed have a strong,
aromatic odour, are lepidote, the scales some-
what different and changeable in colour. The
leaves are small, less than one inch in most
of the species, dark or glaucous green, and
bristly, but never hairy. The inflorescence is
terminal, often comprising a cluster of one
to eight flowers on short pedicels. The
calyx is fairly large for such small flowers,
thin, fringed, and variable in size and colour.
The corolla is short, funnel-shaped, the colour
ranging from violet-blu», purple shades, to mauve
and yellow, but none to my knowledge is
white; the throat of the flower is open or
filled with hairs; the stamens number five to
ten, are straight, spreading, or exerted, with
the filaments hairy at the base. The ovary
is small and scaly and the seeds very small.

The geographical distribution of the members
extends from Greenland to Lapland, Siberia,
Northern Canada, Western China, Tibet, and
Sikkim. The natural habitats are diverse,
but essentially alpine, and the plants are also
found on lime-stone cliffs, rocky places, and
marshy meadows, in shade and exposure.

Although these dwarf Rhododendrons are
found in so many natural positions it 18
remarkable how well they succeed under

cultivation when grown collectively. Seeds
collected and sent from Western China, where
many of the species are found, germinate
exceedingly well, but plants of the earlier
introductions in England ripen seeds, and these
are most dependable.

The seeds are small and require to be sown
with care. They must be scattered evenly and
thinly over the surface of pots or pans. A
suitable mixture for seed-sowing consists of
equal parts loam, leaf-mould, peat, and gritty
sand. Fill the receptacle with the compost,
make the latter moderately firm, leaving
half-an-inch rim space; water the soil well
and allow time for it to drain. The surface
on which the seeds are sown should not be too
firm and smooth and merely covered with
the gritty mixture. Care is still required in
the subsequent application of water; when
moisture is needed steep the pots in a basin
containing water rather than water overhead,
and place the pots where the soil will not
dry out too quickly. Plunge them to their
rims in moist fibre and germinate the seeds
in a warm greenhouse, but see that the
pots are not near heated water pipes. Shade
the pans from bright sun. In three to four
weeks the seeds will have germinated and
the seedlings should be afforded more light
and air and grown on a moist stage. Give the
pots and seedlings an occasional mist-like spray,
but not so much as to encourage the growth
of moss and lichen amongst the seedlings.
Continue to shade them. ‘Take care that
drip from the rafters or overhead waterings
do not disturb either the seeds or the seed-
lings, and this will more likely occur if the
soil surface was made too firm and smooth.
In this case a remedy is to take a pinch
of the gritty soil between the finger and
thumb and cause it to fall amongst the
plants. Seedlings that are disturbed curl in
their endeavour to right themselves, and are
not handled easily when ready for pricking off.

This work should be done 80 soon as they
can be reasonably handled, using well-drained
pans. Keep the plants growing in a cool
and shady position and free from inclement
weather. In due time transfer them to
shallow frames, from which they may be
transplanted the following year For their
tranplanting soil of the same character as
recommended above should be used. Arrange

CHRONICLE.

315

so that the light may be removed at
wil, and later give the plants nursery-bed
conditions until they are ready for putting
in their permanent positions.

In addition to seeds these Rhododendrons
may be propagated easily from cuttings as
readily as Ericas, and in the same way. 1
have seen cuttings of both R. hippophaeoides
and R. impeditum (two exteme types) merely
dibbled into sandy soil in a cold frame in
early autumn, almost forgotten during the
winter and yet ready for a shift in the
spring; I merely cite this as an instance of
how easily cuttings may be rooted.

As regards soil for these Rhododendrons,
plenty of good, mellow, woodland leaf-mould
is necessary, and they do splendidly if the
greater portion of the soil is sandy loam,
leaf-mould, and a little peat, and I hazard
a prediction that they would grow and thrive
better than they do in their native haunts
if more soil of a heavier nature is used and
even less peat. |

I have observed that roots of these Rhodo-
dendrons turn from soil largely composed of
peat and become rampant in a top-dressing
of well-decayed Beech leaves and fairly strong
loam, whieh is more retentive of moisture.
They are moisture-loving plants, and in this
country do best in a damp season. As they
resent dryness at the roots, the grower
should anticipate drought and resort to
artificial watering before the soil becomes
excessively dry, afterwards top-dressing the
plants with leaf-mould to conserve the soil
moisture.

When the plants are large enough to be
planted out this may be done any time
during early spring. Make the soil fairly firm
around the roots and set them in positions
as naturally as possible for them. Certain of
the species are only tuft-like in habit when
several years old so are easily accommodated
at the foot of a stone or other projection.
Sheltered or semi-sheltered bays make good
homes for them, and there need be no fear
if they are exposed to cold and frost. Ideal
positions for them are the margins to mossy,
meandering, semi-shaded woodland walks, or
in nooks by the side of oblique terrace tracks.

The species are numerous, and those below
are described more from the horticultural
standpoint than a botanical standard.

R. LAPPONICUM.—This species is symbolic
of the series, but it is seldom seen in gardens.
I have not seen a good plant in flower and
can only judge of it from dried specimens and
young living plants. R. lapponicum is found
in Greenland and widely distributed through
Lapland and on to Northern Canada. It is
a loose, spreading bush a foot or so high
with purple flowers which appear singly. It
is not a great success in the South of
England, and requires shade and moisture.

R. PARVIFOLIUM, a nearly allied species, is
the first of the series to flower; I have seen
it display its welcome rosy-purple flowers on
New Year’s Day, and only slightly damaged
after ten degrees of frost. It is found in
Siberia, and north-east Asia. In habit it is a
sparse—but upright-growing—bush, not dense,
about three feet high, having small leaves
and an inflorescence with three to six rosy
purple flowers. J have never seen it mature
seeds.

R. ORTHOCLADUM.—This species takes the
lead amongst the Chinese group, and last
year the flowers opened on the first day of
April. It is one of Forrest’s introductions.
While in flower it endures cold and biting
winds with impunity. Each year established
bushes never fail to flower. It is a well-

shaped, somewhat conical plant with neat,
twiggy growths, different from all kindred
species that I know. The small, narrow,
lanceolate leaves are held outright; the

inflorescence is terminal with three to six
flowers, each half-an-inch or so across and of
a lavender shade. Plants raised from intro-
dueed seeds show variation, but some of the
seedlings are unworthy of & place beside the
best of the congeners. C. F. C.

(To be continued).

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ሙ ኡሙ

320 THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. May 9, 1925.
one character which is constant—the interior belongs to the section Polychaetia, possibly second season the hop plant is: rendered
of the cup is always thickly powdered with lo the Robustae group; is it by any chance completely sterile. the stems become brittle
a broad band of white meal, the limits of the long-hoped-for M. superba of Bhutan? aod unable. to climb, the plant never
which are sharply defined. In violet-flowered But that has white flowers! Certainly it is - recovers and soon. dies. The disease jx
specimens this is an improvement; in clarct a fine plant, growing three feet high with extremely contagious, and where it appears
and purple flowers it gives a queer effect large, showy, four-petalled flowers, sky-blue on a plant in any one year, “hill” after

of crushed Strawberries and cream; in milk-
white or

pale cream specimens it is
beautiful.

These three were not the only “ Sikki-
mensis" Primulas met with; there was a
fourth, found in pastures at about 13,000
feet altitude, opening in July. ]t was not
fragrant, and bore a superficial resemblance

to P. flexilipes, or one of the smaller alpines
of that typo.

There are a number of minute alpine
Primulas in this country which call for the
attention of the botanist, though they are

of little interest to the gardening enthusiast.
Four we found. one of which is worth a
place in the rock garden. It has large,
solitary, crimson flowers, almost flush with
the ground, but it is rare, or at any rate
local, and we are not likely to secure seed

of it. In this connection 1 may mention
that we saw no Primula of the “Bella”
group, which was rather surprising, when
we consider how many links there were
with both the Sikkim and Chinese alpine
floras; it seemed just the country for the

little, starry, violet P. bela.

What we did find instead was a dwarf
alpine * Nivealis" Primula recalling the
late lamented P. minor, but superior 10
it in being delightfully fragrant. Like P.
minor and others of the same breed, the
flower colour varics—violet, mauve, purple,
with a large white **eye." It forms drifts
and threads of colour in the high alpine
pastures.

And .then there was our prize “ Nivalis,"
with flowers of a wonderful smoky blue, or
dusky Periwinkle, and leaves of malachite
green veined with alabaster. It also flourished
in the alpine region, often growing with the
purple and dwarf Nivalids. It is, I think,
one of the most lovely Primulus of this
splendid group, more beautiful even than P.
calliantha, which, when I first saw it many
years ago in the dim, wet jungles of the
North-East Frontier of Burma, I considered
the most beautiful of its kind. It is & pity
the Nivalids as a race are so difficult of
cultivation that they can never be popular
plants; with the exception of the dwarf
alpine species, too, their odour is against
them. P. chionantha, however, appears to be
an exception, as it is not difficult to
cultivate.

As for alpine Poppies, I have never seen
such a country for them. Many a time have
] stood on a mountain slope and counted
four or five species in flower together, and
all visible at the same time; you cannot
have that experience in Sikkim, or in Yunnan,
or Szechwan either. Indeed, Sikkim, which
has been explored from end to end by
generations of botanists, is known to possess
only about eight species, and the entire
Himalaya from Bhutan to Kashmir, not more
than fifteen. Szechwan has given us about
eight species, Yunnan another ten, Kansu
perhaps four—some twenty-two species for the
whole of Western China after years of
assiduous collecting by numerous collectors.

At the outset of our exploration in this
country we have found eight species. The
first to flower, opening its sky-blue petals in
the first week of June, was a fine woodland
species. It is a perennial, growing always
in the shade, between 10,000 and 13,000 feet
altitude—quite a good range for a Meconopsis.
The radical leaves are petiolate, often very
large, as much 88 a foot or fifteen inches
long; the stem leaves are sessile, with sinuate
margin and auricled base. The main stem
ends in a single flower, and the other flowers

aro borne singly on axillary pedicels, the
upper two or three usually springing up
almost to a level with the terminal one,

What species is
that 11

forming an apparent cyme.
this? So far I can only assert

with golden anthers; and though not fragrant
the flowers are more lasting than in many
species. It has every chance of proving
hardy, for in the first place it does not
come from a high altitude, where extreme
conditions prevail, but from intermediate
ultitudes within the forest belt; secondly, it
has an ample vertical range, not less than
3.000 feet; thirdly, it is a woodland plant—-
let no one try to grow it in the herbaceous
border, for which its stature might seem to
fit it—and therefore thrives under more stabl>
conditions than are found in the open;
fourthly, and lastly, it is perennial.

The next met with in flower was a charm-
ing alpine with large, sky-blue, sweetly
fragrant flowers borne singly on basal scapes—
undoubtedly M. simplicifolia, or a form of
that widely spread species. It grows about
a foot high, producing three or four scapes,
and is found in little colonies
half-a-dozen plants in sheltered situations
under bushes. I have seen it on most of
the loeal passes at between 14,000 feet and
16,000 feet altitude, and on both sides of

the river. M. simplicifolia is, or has been,
in cultivation, but unfortunately it is not
perennial.

Sir David Prain's suggestion, that M.

simplicifolia is really a Tibetan plant which
has crossed the Himalayan passes between
Nepal and Sikkim, receives considerable
support from its occurrence so far north. F.
Kingdon Ward.

VIRUS DISEASES AND THE GRAFTING
OF THE HOP.

THE Hop, like many other plants at the
present day, is beginning to be affected by
that mysterious class of diseases of which

the cause is a “virus.” One of the most
ominous signs of failing health among
plants generally, which perhaps threatens

the Vegetable Kingdom itself, is the appear-
ance, year by year, of a virus disease in
some plant of economic importance. Some-
times, as in the case of the Potato. a
medley of virus diseases attacks the un-
fortunate plant. All gardeners by now are
more or less familiar with **leaf roll" and
* mosaic," but almost each year some fresh
form of virus disease appears, producing
new disease-symptoms in the shoots or leaf
of the Potato. These diseases, as they are
worked out by a band of assiduous workers,
are given distinctive names indicative, 80
far as possible, of the particular malady,
such as “crinkle,” ** Aucuba-spotting," **curly
dwarf," * rust" and *stipple.streak." If the
process continues, it would appear that after
a time the virus diseases of the Potato
will be so many that only a gardener who
has taken a course of memory training will
be able to cope with the long catalogue of
names !

In the case of the Hop, there are only
two virus diseases known-—at present. One
of these is called ‘nettle-head,’’ or (in
Sussex) “silly hill,’ and at one time, as
the **eelworm disease,” because in the first
instance the cause of the disease was
wrongly ascribed to the attacks of an eel-
worm. This disease has been known for
fifty years and more; it stunts the affected

plant and renders it sterile or nearly so,
but does not kill it, and the disease does
not usually spread quickly through the
hop-garden.

The second form, the mosaic disease, first
appeared about twenty years ago and has
every appearance of becoming a persistent
scourge of the Hop-garden. In the first or

of maybe:

“ከ11” down the alley. falls a victim in
succeeding seasons.

There is a further disquieting feature
characteristic of many vius diseases. A
plant may become infected with a specific

virus, yet show no signs of disease, cropping
and behaving like a normal healthy member
of the vegetable world. Yet all the while
it may ከቦ infected and instrumental in
spreading the disease, usually through the
agency of insects, which, visiting the plant,
suck or bite out with their food some of
the sap containing the vitus (believed to be

bacteria of so small a size that they are
invisible under the microscope) and transfer
it to a healthy plant. Such a plant is
termed a “carrier.”

Some recent work by Dr. Bewley on the
Mosaic Disease of the Tomato has shown

these are some-
Tomatos which

that **carriers " exist here;
times commercial varieties of
appear healthy yet communicate the disease
to susceptible varieties among which they
may be cultivated: or the carrier may be
the not uncommon wild plant or weed
known as the Black Nightshade (Solanum
nigrum).

With the Hop also althcugh
evidence is only circumstantial at present —
it appears that **eurriers " may exist. A
certain new seedling Hop (reference number
« M45") was raised in 1909 at Wye
College. and, proving in tests to have con-
siderable commercial promise, it was propa-
gated and sent out in small lots, in 1919,
to certain Hop-growers to be tested in their
Hop-gardens. On more than onc farm two
or three years later, the following pheno-
of M45

here the

menon was observed :—the plants
were healthy, green and thriving. while all
around them were dying plants of the

surrounding commercial variety which showed
all the symptoms--(stunted bines with curled,
yellow-mottled leaves)—of the mosaic disease.

Now in the Hop a considerable number of
new varietics (and one commercial varicty,
* Fuggles") have shown in trials carried out
for several years at the East Malling Fruit

and Hop: Research Station, complete im-
munity from ‘mosaic disease." With the
knowledge that certain plants may act as

* earriers," there comes this most disturbing

thought; are all varieties of Hops which
now show resistance to mosaic disease,
carriers of that disease ? Until this question

is answered the plant breeder is likely to
have recurring periods of suspense, and
must not be surprised if his new varieties

are viewed with some suspicion.

Experimentation is the only method by
which this question, as well aa many other
important ones, can ከር answered.

In the study of the spread of vitus diseases
two methods are available. A drop of the
sap of the diseased plant can be injected
into a healthy plant, or the drop, placed on
a wounded surface, is allowed to be absorbed.
Then if the plant thus treated shows the
disease (while control plants, similarly treated
with water only. remain healthy), it is con-

cluded that the sap contains an organism
which is the cause of the disease. Using
the above method we carried out a few

experiments on the Hop during 1924; these.
however. have ali so far given negative results,

The second method is to employ grafting.
and ascertain whether the infective principle
of a supposed virus disease can ከዮ com-

municated from the affected stock to a healthy
scion, and vee versa. In the case of several
virus diseases, grafting is the only artificial
means of transmission known at ‘present.
For experimentation with virus diseases, as
well as for many other purposes, it was
necessary to ascertain whether. the Hop. could
be grafted. So far as we are awyre, this

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week or ten days. The rubber is then
unwound, but the plant is kept covered,
after removal of the binding, for a further
week, if necessary, in order to reduce trans-
piration.

Whip-grafting and the well-known process
of inarching (Fig. 138) bave both been
experimented with and found successful.

ot plants in an unheated greenhouse
have been used. ‘The grafting was done at
the end of March and during April. It was
found that union of graft and stock takes
place quickly, the former beginning to elongate
after about a fortnight (when the terminal
bud is not removed) and growing about ten
inches in thirty days after grafting. In one
case, where one variety of Hop (Eastwell
Golding) was grafted on another variety
(M45), fresh growth of five-and-a-half inches
had been produced by the seventeenth day
after grafting.

Now that the grafting of the Hop has
proved possible, this method is available for
the investigation of several other problems
besides that of virus diseases. The effect of
grafting varieties immune from *“ mould ” on
to susceptible stocks, and the converse, can
be observed. Again, when in the work of
hybridising Hops, it is desired to use parent
plants which flower normally at unsuitable
times, grafting may be of use to effect the

acceleration or retardation of the time of
flowering. In cross-breeding it has been
found that in some **crosses," dwarfed and
permanently sterile plants are produced;

such plants when grafted may throw some
light on the genetic aspect of thc question.
Again, the grafting of distinct species of
Hop (such as Humulus Lupulus and H.
americanus) and of varieties, will prove of
scientific, if not of practical, value. For
instance the variety H. Lupulus var. cordifolius,
obtained ten years ago from Japan. and since
grown at Wye, has, in spite of all coaxing, refused

to flower; it may now possibly be induced
to do so by grafting. E. S. Salmon and
W. M. Ware, Research Department, South-

Eastern Agricultural College, Wye, Kent.

VEGETABLE GARDEN.

POPULAR MAIN CROP POTATOS IN
SCOTLAN D.

INQUIRY was recently made in various
districts of Scotland regarding the late main-
erop Potatos, which are proving most
popular for this season's planting, and the
results, which were published by the Glasgow
Herald, show that there has been no decided
change in the prevailing practice.

In the south-west the most popular
varieties are Great Scot, Majestic, Kerr’s
Pink, Arran Chief, and King Edward.
Berwickshire farmers have planted in the
order of popularity: Kerr’s. Pink, King
Edward, Field-Marshal, Tinwald Perfection,
Majestic, Great Scot, Arran Chief, and Arran
Comrade.

Although it is only a moderate cropper,
Golden Wonder is highly esteemed on
account of its high quality. Kerr’s Pink is
gaining in popularity while Arran Chief is
losing ground in the Lothians, where the

favourite varieties .are: Great Scot, Kerr’s
Pink, Arran Chief, Field-Marshal, King
Edward, and Golden Wonder. Kerr's Pink

heads the Fifeshire list, with Arran Chief
next; then follows Majestic, Great Scot, and
Golden Wonder. The last’ variety suffered
from the wet season, and it is not quite
80 popular as it was. Majestic is described
as “an Englishman's Potato," and is not
in great demand for ware. Some Fife
growers, however, have made a lot of money
with Majestic, Mr. John Stewart, of Struthers
who sold all his Majestic seed at £13 per
ton, being quoted as an illustration.

Great Scot is mostly grown for the English
trade. In the Forfar, Montrose, and Strath-
more {districts a good many growers have

THE GARDENERS

dropped the cultivation of King Edward,

but farmers with free, well-drained soils
still give a moderate space to Golden
Wonder. Kerr’s Pink and Great Scot have

been planted more extensively.

The deduction to be made from the above
reports is that Kerr's Pink has displaced
Arran Chief as the most popular main-crop
Potato in Scotland. a position which Mr.
Mc Kelvie's oldest variety has held unchallenged
for many years. Y.

< ዴዴ ዴዴ መ

Wild Clematises.—In the interesting article
on ‘Wild Clematises" in your issue of the
llth inst, I find Mr. Osborne makes no
mention of C. Jouiniana or C. grata, which I
find & very useful autumn-flowering climber.
It is here represented by a plant which
has taken possession of a Beech hedge,
eight feet high, of which it covers twelve
feet on both sides. In late autumn it is a
mass of white flowers which have a delight.
ful fragrance. As the flowers on the south
side are passing over, those on the north

side continue the display, which lasts
altogether from eight to ten weeks. G. N.
Smith, Daisy Hill Nursery, Newry, Co.
Down.

Daphne Mezereum Hybrid (sce p. 241).—
In fairness to the late Mr. E. S. Marshall,
it should be stated that he (in Journ. Bot.,
1910, p. 79) wrote that he quite agreed with
Dr. Druce's opinion that one gathering of
the supposed Somerset D. Mezereum x D.
Laureola should be labelled pure D. Laureola.
On the other hand, he maintained that
another example from the same county was
the hybrid, as well as the Sussex specimens
gathered in 1902. The latter have probably
not been seen by Dr. Druce. They combine
the characteristics of both species and appear
jue good examples of this rare hybrid. C.
7. Salmon, Pilgrims’ Way, Reigate.

FLORAL PICTURES AT THE ROYAL
ACADEMY.

— —

THis year’s Academy contains many good
flower paintings and a few garden pictures.
Commencing at number 11 is a lovely study
of pink Roses in all shades, grouped in a
silver jardiniére, and No. 15 is ዜ vivid
painting of red, orange, and white Begonias
in a cut glass bowl—very rich. No. 20 is
a group of mixed spring flowers, with Tulips,
Solomon’s Seal, etc. In number 34 we find
Phlox and Marigolds grouped in a silver
mug, with lace in the foreground. A beautiful
study is No. 55, of early autumn flowers,
placed. in grey pottery, and, in a sketch

‘nearby there is a crowded bunch of summer
flowers in a white and blue jug. No. 67, 8 -

glass vase filed with Paeonies and blue
Delphiniums, is pretty, and in number 77 the
artist has painted a weird group of red
Poppies and Marigolds in a white basin, on
a folded tablecloth. Melton Fisher, R.A., in
No. 73, portrays two whole plants of Azaleas—
a delightful study, and in the large room
there is a beautifully painted picture of
Anemones, grouped with Pyrus and Prunus,
in a very blue vase, on a' plinth, standing
on & mahogany table.

In the same room, a painting shows a
glimpse of the dinner table, with dessert, and
ornamented with a vase of Tulips. No. 171
is a small but striking picture of Anemones
and Stocks, in a green and brown pottery
vase. No. 158 is a study in all white and
dark brown—an epergne of white Camellias,
with white figures, gloves, and pearls as
adjuncts, and two brown cloisonnée vases.
Next to it is an indistinct study of spring
flowers. There is also a sketch of woods
with Bluebells, and an impressionist study of

CHRONICLE.

‘stonework peeping

May 9, 1925.

summer flowers, in à blue vase, also one of
Marigolds and Cinerarias in a stone vase—
close together. A large picture, No. 183, is
a cool study of a girl, reflected in a mirror,
holding an old-fashioned jug filled with Tulips,
and on the table in the foreground is a
china epergne filled with green Apples. Anna
Ainy submits a most striking study of a
brown negro, in a very sunny garden, and
under each arm he holds a pot of Azaleas,
one mauve and the other pink.

No. 222 is a glittering study of Paeonies

in a shining silver bowl, and the same
artist has painted a further picture, that
of small Chrysanthemums in a brilliant

cup, with red chessmen and an elephant as
additions. No. 288 is a lovely garden by
Farquharson, of arches of white Roses and
Crimson Rambler Roses, with stone vase, pink
Pelargoniums, and lovely green lawn. No. 568
by the same artist is a soothing garden
with arches of red Roses, green lawn, and
mauve Violas in a bed. There is also a
sunny garden in ltaly, with girl in national
dress on the terrace steps.

No. 321 portrays a group of pottery,
with pink Hydrangeas, and No. 418

Roses in a blue bowl. with cutting scissors
in front. A Japanese group, with Marigolds in
an amber glass vase is labelled No. 439, and
a realistic outdoor scene is a warm painting
of an old church, or college, with Ampelopsis
changing into all shades of red with the
through. In the same
room is a lovely study of Begonias, double
white and yellow, in black lustre pottery ;
also a market scene, with two picturesque
old women selling their vegetable wares. A
delicate study of Murillo Tulips, and a
strong work in No. 497, showing an old
blue and white jug, with red and orange
Zinnias, and two blue Delphiniums, on a
stone coloured ground. A small glass vase
is near by with pink Chrysanthemums, and
a black and gold plaque behind. No. 538,
by Hayward, 8 a fine study of a green
and gold Melon, with leaves, on a blue
plate, with a golden Fig, red Apple, and two
Bananasto complete the study. A strange picture
is No. 562, in the new art, three figures
carrying deep baskets of Spanish Irises of
different colours with a field of growing
Irises as a background. No. 566 is an
Eastern scene, with baskets of Oranges, while
another market scene, English this time,
shows women selling our familiar flowers,
Liliums Harrissii and rubrum, yellow Daisies,
and buff Chrysanthemums in a pail in the
foreground. In 604 there are masses of
yellow and mauve Wallflowers in a white
and blue ginger jar, with candlestick and
shade. No. 611 shows the corner of a
dinner table, with a beautiful group of
white Roses in a silver vase.

In the watér colour room, in No. 641, we
see Marigolds in a dark blue glass bowl,
and in No. 644, a pleasing painting of

Cinerarias in a basin on a dark table, with

good effect from a reflection. No. 650 is a
tumbled mass of Ranunculus of all colours,
in a dark blue vase, and near by a bunch
of summer flowers in pottery. No. 659 is
an effective study of Wallflowers in a ginger

jar, placed on an old leather book, by
Winifred Walker, and in No. 699 we see
Anemones in a ginger jar again, with

reflections on the table. There is a little
barrel jug holding Phloxes, placed against a
window frame, and another study of one or
two blush Roses in a little blue jug. A
powerful picture is No. 680, the subject
being Hydrangeas, with realistic glass bowl
in the foreground. A washy but pleasing
study is 686, just heads of Phlox. Other
works are, a warm study of mixed Poly-
anthus in a green bowl, two pictures of
Roses in vivid pinks and yellows, one in a
black and the other in a blue bowl, very
natural. Nos. 758 and 730 are two garden
studies, the former in the direct style, with
Lavender and Poppies, the other, a delicate
study of a garden bed, with Campanulas,
Delphiniums, and Violas.

— —

THE

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Fine Strong Plante. Ready: Mesh, >

GREENBOUSE- FLOWERING |

“tz Decormtve Varietien;. 7953.
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Daring tue, last" few vean at advance —

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Decorative. p UR ደ og tetas spe ts MES
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Bedding Deablia, 7

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ia bey-deaved ^ ‘Geranmims,. ፻/8 .

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"Midlend Reel Nunecy

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324

— —— — — — — — — — — — a-

THE DONARD NURSERY Co. was again to the
fore with beautifully fresh, strong-stemmed
flowers of Cossack, Harpagon, Ace of Hearts,

Dosoris, Firetail, and White Star; second,
Mr. J. L. HicHARDSON, who included. good
flowers of Firetail, Magician, and Dosoris ;
third, Rev. T. BUNCOMBE.

The best of five entries in the class for

six giant or large-crowned Leedsii varieties

came from Mr. Guy L. WiLsoN, whose set
included magnificent specimens of Tenedos,
White Nile, and Hymettus. Mr. F. H.
CHAPMAN and THE DONARD NumskEny (Co.

were placed second and third respectively.

The Rev. T. BuNwcoMBEÉE was the only
exhibitor in the «lass for small-crowned Leedsii
varieties, and he well deserved the first prize
awarded; his blooms of Ivorine, White
Slave, Hypatia, St. Olaf, Candidata, and White
Frank were surprisingly good.

In the class reserved for Triandrus hybrids.
Mr. W. B. CRANFIELD, Enfield, excelled easily.
He showed choice blooms of Waterfall, Havelet.
630, Silver Cloud, Venetia, and White Coral.
The winning exhibit of six Poeticus varieties
came from Dr. N. Y. Lower, Presteign.
whose flowers of Discoed, Ringdove, 15 W. 2,

858, Raeburn, and 359 were very choice;
second, THRE DoNaRD NunmsERY Co., whose

best flowers were Thetis and Clandon.

SINGLE BLOOM CLASSES.

Competition was good jn most of the
single bloom classes for which the awards
were as follow:— White Trumpet: First, Mr.
Guy L. Witson with Kantara, a large,
shapely flower; second Mr. J. L. RICHARD-
SON with 131. Bicolor Trumpet: First, Mr
J. L. RicHARDSON with Tapin. second, Mr.
Guy L. Witson with Halfy. Yellow Incom-
parabtlis: First, THE Donarp NURSERY Co.
with 8. 200, a deep yellow flower of good form
and substance; second, Mr. J. L RICHARD-
soN with B.H. 1. White Incomparabilis :
First, Dr. N. Y. Lower with Beauty of
Radnor: second, Mr. J. L. RicHARDSON with
11.1. 137. Yellow Barra: First, Mr. F. H.
Chapman with Dinkie, a dainty flower with
thick, flat petals suffused with lemon; second,
THE DoNARD NunsERY Co. with Siskin. Waite
Barrii: First, Mr. F. H. CHAPMAN with
Resplendent, a perfect. flower of great purity:
second, Dr. N. Y. Lower with The Sapper.

Giant-crowned Leedsti: First, Mr. W. B.
CRANFIELD with Tenedos; second, THE
DoNARD NunskRnY Co. with Silver Plane.
Nmall-crouned Leedsi: First, Mr. J. L.

RICHARDSON with Mystic, a charming flower.

Triandrus hybrid: First, Mr. W. B. CRAN-
FIELD with Venetia; second, Mr. E. 11. G.
"THURSTON, Chandlersford, with 19T. Cycla-

mineus hybrid: First, Dr. N. Y. Lower with
Orange Glory. Jonquilla hybrid: First, Mr.
W. B. CRANFIELD with Solleret; second,
THE DoXARD NURSERY Co. with Buttercup.
Tazetta or Tazetta hybrid: First. Mr. F. H.
CHAPMAN with 11.10; second, Mr. HAROLD
Lee, Wolverhampton, with (Glorious. True
Pocticus: First, Dr. N. Y. Lower with
Discoed; second, Mr. J. L. RICHARDSON with
Dactyl. Double: First, Mr. J. L. RICHARD-
son. with Mary Copeland; second, ‘THE
DoNARD NURSERY Co. with Primrose
Pheonix.

SEEDLING (LASSES.

The Bourne Challenge Cup offered for
twelve varieties, one stem of each. raised by
the exhibitor, was again won by Dr. N. Y.
LOWER, who had a wonderfully fine collection
comprising Discoed, Royalist, Mrs. Lower,
Beauty of Radnor, and unnamed seedlings;
second, Mr. F. H. CHarxaAN with delightfully
fresh. bright specimens of John Bushby,
Organdie, Dinkie, Lady Rotherside (extra
good), Spellbound, Pavane, Cavatina, Re-
splendent, and unnamed seedlings. The best
half-a-dozen varieties not in commerce, raised
by tbe exhibitor, were shown by Mr. Guy
L. Witson, who showed Buff Barrii and five
unnamed varieties; second, Mr. A. ROBINSON

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

Bawtry. In a similar but smaller class for
three varieties, Miss R. Porr, Kings Norton,
beat four contestants with choice, unnamed
flowers of great promise. ln a class reserved
for three varieties not in commerce, raised
by an exhibitor who has never won a first
prize for seedlings (single bloom classes
excepted), Mr. G. B. Cope beat Mr. ላ. H.
Bassano, Old Hill, and Mr. J. E. Exrkv.
Leeds, who were placed second and third
respectively.

The Cartwright Challenge Cup, offered for
twelve varieties, one stem of each, which
have not been in commerce more than four
years, was won by Dr. N. Y. LowER with

handsome specimens of Kingcraft, Bacchus,
Royalist, Carmenta, Gold Mohur, Glorious,

Maharajah, John Peel, Tenedos, Robin Red-

breast, Nissa, and (Gaza.
In a similar but smaller class for six
varieties, Mr. J. L. RICHARDSON was the

only exhibitor; he showed superb blooms of
Beersheba, Mitylene, Tenedos, Silver Nalver,
and Mystic.

The Waler Ware Challenge Cup. offered
for six Triandrus seedlings, one stem of
cach, attracted three contestants. Mr. W. B.
CRANFIELD excelled with refined flowers of
Wavelet, White Coral, Waterfall, 630, Venetia.
and Harvest Moon. Mr. E. H. G. THURSTON

was a good second, and Dr. N. Y. LOWER
came third.

The * White Daffodil’ Trophy, offered for
six varieties of white Trumpet flowers, was
won outright last year by Mr. Gry L.
WirsoN. who very generously returned it to
the Society, and it was again secured by
tthe same exhibitor, who showed splendid
flowers of White Dame, White Wax, Kantara,
Boersheba. Nevis, and 117: second, THE
DowaARD NURSERY Co.

The Leamington Challenge Cup, one of
the Society’s latest acquisitions, was this
year offered for six varieties with red cups,
one stem of each. This brought Dr. Lower and
THE Donarp Ntrsery Co. into compe.
tition and the Trophy was awarded to th»
first-named exhibitor. His collection included
Torrid, Meerkara and four unnamed varie-
ties.

The Arkwright another
prizes,

Challenge Cup.
valuable addition to the Society's
was offered for six varieties of bicolor
Trumpet Daffodils, and there were xix first-
rate entries. First Mr. J. L. RICHARDSON,
with Herod and five unnamed seedlings ;
seeond. Mr. F. H. CHAPMAN, with Taranto,
Otranto, Rosary, Gallot and two unnamed
seedlings.
AMATEURS! CLASSES,

Competition in the Amateurs) Division was
disappointing, although Mr. 4. N. ARK-
WRIGHT, ዐ[ Presteign, who was the only
exhibitor and first. prize winner in the
principal elass for twenty-four - varieties,
three stems of each, had a remarkably fine
and representative exhibit. Included. im this
display were beautifully clean, well arranged
flowers of Countess of Southesk, Bonfire,
Buttercup, Xenophon. Giraffe. Robin Red-
breast. Donax, Lordi Roberts, Irish Pearl,
Loch Fyne and candidata. 18 a class. for
six white or yellow. Incomparabilis varieties,
Miss V. WARREN, Canterbury, won the first
prize and she was the only exhibitor in the

elass for three Poeticus varieties 18 which
she was awarded the first prize.

Messrs. CARTWRIGHT AND GOODWIN offered
ii Silver Vase for six. varieties of Daffodils
and it was won by Mr. 11. J. MORRIS,
Penryn, with Horace (very fine). 84, Red
Beacon. Silver Chimes, Red Chief and
Whitewell; second, Mr. G. B. Cork. Mr.
H. J. Morris was also awarded first prize
for three Poeticus varieties with — capital
flowers of Black. Prince. Horace and Queen
Maeve. There were six bowls of Daffodils
placed before the judges who awarded first

prize to Mr. J. N. ARKWRIGHT.

May 9$, 1925

MEDAL AWARDS.

The following awards were made by
Royal Horticultural Society s deputation :

thre

Gold Medals to Dr. N. Y. Lower for
twelve seedling Daffodils raised by the
exhibitor; to the same exhibitor for à
collection of Daffodils. and to THe DONAERD
NURSERY Co. for Daffodils.

Silver-Gilt Flora Medal to Messrs. BARR
AND Sons for Daffodils.

Silver-Gilt Banksian Medals to Mr. F. H
CHAPMAN for twelve seedling Daffodils raised
by the exhibitor, and to the same exhibitor
for a collection of Daffodils.

Silver Banksian Medals to
RICHARDSON for Daffodils, and
ARKWRIGHT for Daffodils.

Bronze Lindley Medal to
for old-fashioned Daffodils.

Medals offered by the Birmingham Botanical

Mr. J. L.
Mr. J. S.

Miss R. Porr

and Horticultural Society were awarded as
follow: Classes 1 to 29, Silver Medal to

THE Doxarp Nursery Co., with 97 points:
Bronze Medal to the Rev. T. BUNCOMBE.
with 54 points.

Classes 15 to 29 and 30 to 40: Silver
Medal to Dr. N. Y. Lower, with 77 points:
Bronze Medal to Mr. J. L. RICHARDSON.
with 50 points.

Classes 13 to 29 and 4] to 48: Silver
Medal to Mr. J. L. RICHARDSON. with 30

points; Bronze Medal to Dr. N. Y. Lower,
with 29 points.

The Gardeners’ Chronicle Medal offered for
the best exhibit in the amateur classes was
awarded to Mr. J. NS. ARKWRIGHT, Presteign.

HONORARY EXHIBITS.

Mr.
tion
good

collec-
many
Firetail,
Chloris.
number.

Guy L. WirsoN sent a choice
of Daffodils, in which we noted
things. including Beersheba.
Moira O'Neill, Nissan, Tenedos,
Yukon, and many varieties under
(Silver-Gilt Medal).

THE Doxarp Ntrsery (o.
the biggest group of Daffodils.
mentioned — varieties were. of outstanding
merit: Oracle, Donax, Mrs Krelape, Croesus,
Gog. Festive, Silver Fox, Irish P'car!,
Farthingale, Harpagon, Quest, Warspite, and
White Lady. (Gold Medal).

contributed
The under.

Dr. N. Y. DOWER sent an interesting
collection of Daffodil:, mostly of his own
raising. (Gold Medal).

Messrs. BARR AND SoNs occupied the
orchestra at the west end of the hall with

of Daffodils. for

awarded.

collection
Gold Medal was

a represontative
which a

Messrs. J. R. PEARSON AND NONS were
represented by a collection of Daffodils,
which included a large number of first-
Class varieties. (Nilver-Gìilt Medal).

Messrs. CARTWRIGHT AND GOODWIN had a
large bank oof Daffodils. mostly of well-
known varieties. (Silver-Gilt Medal).

Messrs. Hkwrrr AND. Co. had a decorative
arrangement of Daffodils, Spanish Irises,

Tulips, and Freesias, relieved with Asparagus.

Nephrolepis, and Grevilleas. (Silver - Gilt
Medal).

Mr. J. MALLENDER sent a collection of
Daffodils. in which many varieties were of
his own raising. (Silver. Medal).

Messrs. BAKERS showed flowering shrubs

and herbaceous plants. (Silver Medal).
Messrs. NHEPPARDS sent Polyanthuses, Saxi-

fragas, Aubrictias, and dwarf Conifers.
(Bronze Medal).
To commemorate the Societv’s twenty

Miss HR. Port collected
Interesting collection. of
Daffodils in

ago, with a

fifth show,
staged an
one varieties of
twenty-five years

ane
seventy.
cultivation

view to

showing the improvements that have taken
place during this period. 11 addition to
the Bronze Lindley Medal given by the
Royal Horticultural Socicty’s deputation.

the Midland Daffodil Society added a special

vote of thanks to Miss Pope for her help
and support im getting together. an exhibit

of such educational value,

May. 1925.

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL.

May 5 AND 6.—According to the R.H.S. Book
of Arrangements, Rhododendrons were the
special feature of this fortnightly meeting of the
Royal Horticultural Society at Vincent Square,
but although these handsome shrubs were

freely shown they did not dominate the
other flowers. While most of the Rhodo-
dendron enthusiasts grow lovely flowers,

they still have a great deal to learn in
showing them to even moderate advantage.
So far as the excellence of the individual
trusses of bloom is concerned seldom, if
ever, have those staged by T. H. LOWINSKY,
Esq.. been equalled, for they were magnificent.
The chief exhibits before the Floral Com-
mittee were hardy flowering shrubs, Roses
and alpines. Orchids were very few in
number and the Fruit and Vegetable Com-
mittee had an empty session.

Orchid Committee.

Present: Sir Jeremiah Colman (in the
chair), Mr. Gurney Wilson, Hon. Sec., Sir
George Holford, Sir Frederick Moore, and

Messrs. H. T. Pitt, H. G. Alexander, J. E.
Shill, Fred. K. Sander, Henry H. Smith,
J. €. Cowan, T. Armstrong, E. R. Ashton,
J. Wilson Potter, C. Cookson, Arthur Dye,
R. Brooman White, Stuart Low and Charles
H. Curtis,

First-Class CERTIFICATE.

Odontoglossum White Admiral.— A lovely
Odontoglossum of unknown parentage but
it would seem to have derived from 0.
Pescatorei. The petals are pure white and

the sepals white, or lightly flushed with
soft rose. The lip is white with a large yellow
crest and a blotch of rich red-brown just
beneath it. In form and substance this
Orchid is very like a beautiful O. crispum.

Shown by ከ818. Georae HorromRD (gr.
Mr. H. Alexander), Westonbirt, Tetbury,
Gloucestershire.
AWARDS OF MERIT.

Odontoglossum Eldorda (O. cximium ~ O.
Lakenae).—A handsome hybrid with large
rounded flowers of excellent form and
substance. The ground colour is white,
flushed with pale rose and on this there
are markings of chocolate-red, these being
heavier on the sepals than the petals.

The lip is white, with one large and several.
small blotches of colour. Shown by Messrs.
NTUART Low AND Co.

Odontoglossum Fabia var. Sir Christopher
Wren (0. Aglaon x O. eximium).—A showy
hybrid with bright crimson sepals and petals,
the latter having small white marginal
fimbriations. The lip is rounded, bright red-
brown with yellow crest and whitish margin.
Shown by J.. J. Botton, Esq. (gr. Mr.
Lyne), Claygate Lodge, Claygate, Xurrey

Sophro-Laelio-Cattleya St. Gothard (Sophro-
nitis grandiflora x Laelio-Cattleya St. Gothard).
.-The large flower of this hybrid is very
effective. The colour is rich and brilliant
crimson all through, the shado being a
trifle brighter in the lip than in the
sepals and petals. Shown by J. J. BOLTON,
Esq., Claygate.

Miltonia Princess Mary (M. Hyeuna x M.
Bleuana var. Reine Elizabeth).—A_ pretty
hybrid with large, showy flowers. The big
lip is white, flushed with rose; the sepals
are similarly coloured but the rose shading
and markings are deeper. The two petals
are intense rose-red at the base shading to
purplish-mauve with white at the tips. The
mark on the lip is bright red-brown and
the crest is yellow. Shown by R. PATERSON,
Esq., Stamperland House, Cathcart, Glasgow.

OTHER EXHIBITS.

The Orchid Committee had very little to
do. There were no groups, but no doubt
many exhibitors were “saving up” for
Chelsea.

W. VAN DE Weyer, Esq. Clyffe House,
Dorchester, sent a fine specimen of the old
Ansellia africana with eight spikes; the

THE GARDENERS

flowers are heavily spotted with chocolate-
brown on a yellow ground; we have seen
better varieties. The same exhibitor showed
two plants of Eulophia streptopetala, each
carrying two spikes of yellow-petalled and
yellow-lipped flowers with velvety-brown
sepals. A Cultural Commendation was granted
for the Eulophias.

Floral Committee.

Section A.—Present: Mr. H. B. May (in
the chair) and Messrs. J. F. McLeod, H. J.
Jones, Hugh Dickson, Donald Allan, W. B.
Gingell, D. B. Crane, W. Howe, J. M.
Bridgeford, M. Allwood, F. Cousins, E. R.
Janes, J. B. Riding and Chas. E. Pearson.

Section B.— Present; Mr. Chas. T. Mus-
grave (in the chair), Sir W. Lawrence and
Messrs. W. J. Bean, James Hudson, G.
Reuthe, G. Harrow, W. B. Cranfield, E. H.
Wilding, Edgar F. Stead, C. Williams,
Reginald Cory. F. G. Preston, H. T.
McLaren, T. Hay, Clarence Elliott, E. A.
Bowles, G. Yeld, R. C. Notcutt, Gerald
W. Loder and Amos Perry.

AWARDS OF MERIT.

Rhododendron Dorothea. — An exquisitely
beautiful and very large-flowered variety
with widely expanded blooms. There are
about fifteen flowers in a truss. The colour
is pale blush with a few pale brown spots
on the upper segment. Shown by T. H.
Lowinsky, Esq., Sunninghill.

Rhododendron campanulatum, Knap Hill
var.—A charming variety, with large mauve-
coloured flowers, broadly campanulate and
paler in the centre than on the spreading

lobes. Shown ከሃ LIONEL DE ROTHSCHILD,
Esq., Exbury, Southampton.

Rhododendron — sperabile. — This | interesting
plant (Farrer 888) has ovate - lanceolate
leaves and showy, light scarlet flowers of
medium size. The foliage is dark green
above and covered with buff-white on the
under-surfacc. Shown ከሃ LIONEL DE

RotHscHILD, Esq.. Exbury, Southampton.
Rhododendron William Watson.-—This glow-

ing variety -named after a great horticul-
turist who very greatly admired it—has
wide, rich pearl-pink flowers that are
brilliant, almost scarlet in the bud stage.

The leaves are stiff, shiny green above and
yellowish beneath. Shown by Messrs. R.
GILL AND SONS.

Rhododendron Teysmannit.—A glorious Rho-
dodendron with huge, broad - mouthed,
campanulate flowers, semi-drooping, and pure
white save for a little pale yellow staining
in the base of the tube. The green leaves
are greyish beneath. The flowers are slightly

fragrant. This is an old species from
Sumatra, and a plant of doubtful hardi-
ness. Shown by Messrs. R. GILL AND SONS,

Falmouth.

Cineraria Beauty of Cambridge.—YVhis has
white flowers tipped with blue and borne
in loose heads. The leaves are green above

and grey beneath. | Shown from the
CAMBRIDGE BOTANIC GARDENS.

Acer Pseudoplatanus var. brilliantissimum.
— When dressed in its new growth this is
a handsome tree, the new foliage being
bronzy-pink, tinged with pale green. Shown
by the Hon. VicaRy (315858 (gr. Mr.
Beckett), Aldenham House, Elstree.

Azalea Hollandia.--A rieh scarlet, hardy

variety with an abundance of medium-sized

flowers. lt is stated to be the result of a
cross between Azalea Hinodegiri and ላ.
Kaempferi. Shown by Messrs. ©. 8. VAN
NES AND NONS.

Hctinospora plumosa nana compressa. -— A

dwarfed spreading plant admirably suited to
planting in the rock garden. It is greyish-
green with greenish-yellow tips to the tiny
growths. Shown by Messrs. C. B. VAN NES
AND Sons, Boskoop.

Rose Sylvia—-A beautifully formed, broad-
petalled variety of full Ophelia type. The
colour is a lively clear pink. with soft orange

CHRONICLE.

320

—

shading at the base of each petal.
lovely Rose and pleasingly fragrant.
by Mr. WALTER STEVENS, Hoddesdon.
Anemone hortensis Blue Gown.—A beautiful
double variety, with a large central cluster
of petaloid stamens surrounded by broad,

A very
Shown

guard petals. The colour is rich metallic
blue, several shades deeper than electric
blue. Shown by Messrs. CARTER PAGE AND
Co.

GROUPS.
Roses were particularly well shown by

several exhibitors. Just inside the entrance
Messrs. B. R. Cant included amongst many
vases of cut flowers, Mrs. Edmund Cant, ዜ
magnificent H.T. variety, of large size and
perfect exhibition shape. ‘The colouring is
pale flesh-pink, which becomes lighter on the
older petals. It is a pleasantly fragrant
bloom and is said to be very successful for
garden decoration. Amongst the older varieties
Sovereign, of rich colour, and Phoebe were very
fascinating. Under the clock Mr. Ersta J. Hicks
had an attractive collection of cut Roses, which
included Chas. E. Shea, America, Clovelly,
Mrs. Henry Stevens, and Mrs. Foley Hobbs.
The new Sylvia, of lovely pink colouring,
and Roselandia, which received an Award of
Merit a fortnight ago, were staged by Messrs.
Stuart Low AND Co. in excellent condition.
In a floor group the Rev. J. H. PEMBERTON
exhibited some well-flowered Polyantha Roses,
amongst which Koster's Orleans was prominent.

A splendid collection of Hydrangeas was
shown by Messrs. R. AND G. CUTHBERT.
These sturdy plants were in relatively small
pots, and bore huge heads of well-coloured
flowers.

Their customary exhibits of greenhouse
Carnations were displayed by Mr. C.
ENGELMANN. Messrs. ÁLLWwWOOD Bros. and
Messrs. STUART Low AND Co., who had an
excellent collection of Mimosas, which diffused
a most pleasant fragrance. The principal
surts were Acacia pendula and A. armata, but
all were most profusely flowered.

Messrs. Stuart Low AND Co.
some dwarf plants of the yellow-flowered
Calla (Richardia) Elliottiana and Hippe-
astrums. Exceptionally rieh-flowered little
Clematis plants were associated with Pyruses,

also had

Wistarias, Prunuses and Azaleas by Messrs.
L. R. RussELL, Lro. Although an old
variety. the dark blue Clematis President

was especially effective. King of the Belgians,
a more recent variety, is of lovely silvery
mauve colour. Crimson King and Lasurstern

were also worthy of mention. A graceful
collection of shrubs was arranged by Mr.
R. €. NorcvurT, who showed well-flowered

examples of Pyrus Arnoldiana, P. Halliana,
and P. spectabilis rosea plena with various
Cherries and Brooms. — Pyruses in variety
were also shown by Messrs. J. CHEAL AND
Sons, who also had profusely flowered
Prunuses with other genera. Excellent
Wistarias were included jin his group hy
Mr. G. REuTHE with his alpines and Rhodo-
dendrons. Amongst the last-named were K.

Thomsonit, R. Walter Reuthe, and R.
Thomsonil roseum.
THe MAYTHAM GARDENS) arranged their

exhibit into two very effective colour schemes.
In the centre a large quantity of Dutch

Iris Pieter de Hough was associated with
Alyssum saxatile citrinum, and this was
flanked on either side by Berberis steno-

phylla and blue Anchusas.

Generally the alpines were
small rock gardens, and in this manner Mr.
CLARENCE ELLIOTT had a most delightful
exhibit of Gentiana acaulis. Viola bosniaca
and Aubrictia rosca splendens were pro-
minently shown by Messrs. WATERER, NONS
AND Crisp, while Daphne Cneorum, various
Saxifrages, Myosotis., and Daisies were the
chief plants displayed by Messrs. B. LapHams,
Lrp.

A large bush of double-flowered Furze in
the collection of Messrs. SKELTON AND KIRBY
attracted a deal of attention. Gentiana
acaulis und Ranunculus gramincus were

displayed n

526

attractively shown by Mr. MAURICE PRICHARD.
Mr. W. Wetts, junr, included the double-
flowered Marsh Marigold and Onosma alba
rosea.

At one end of their alpines, Messrs. A. H.
ROGERS AND SoN displayed à number of

really hardy succulent plants in small pots.
They also had a good pink variety of
Primula pulverulenta, Leptospermum Bos-

cawenii and L. Chapmanii. Primula Rev.
Hugh, of intense colour, and P. pulverulenta
were excellent in the exhibit of Messrs.
MAXWELL AND BEALE. A good strain of
Lupins was included with other flowers by
Messrs. BAKERS, LTD.

Pretty batches of Tulipa Clusiana, and Cycla-
men repandum were prominent among the
alpines shown by Messrs. CARTER PAGE AND
Co., who also had a good collection of
Violas. Mr. F. G. Woop again showed
some admirable bushes of Daphne Cneorum,
and amongst various alpines and herbaceous
plants he had desirable Cowslip hybrids and
the old Hose-in-Hose Oxlip. A large
exhibit of excellent plants of Primula pulveru-
lenta and the deep, flesh-pink variety Lady
Thursby was made by Mr. G. H. DALRYMPLE.
Polyanthuses and Primroses
were shown by Mr. G. A. MILLER, who
also had deep blue Muscari, and by Messrs.
J. and A. H. CROOK.

All along the front of their large collection
of Tulips Messrs. BARR AND Sons placed

many boxes of dwarf Irises of considerable
beauty and great value for the spring
gardens. Those of blue shades of colour

included Princess Louise, Standard, Burgundy,
and Samboo. Amongst those of yellow
tones were Cottage Maid and Curiosity, but
a great variety of other sorts was
represented.

Messrs. JARMAN AND Co. brought a vivid
collection of Zonal Pelargonium trusses.
The brightest of the single-flowered sorts
wero General Wolsey, Sir E. Cassel, and
E. Hockey. They also showed several
varieties of Pelargonium with scented
foliage.

RHODODENDRONS.

T. H. Lowinsky, Esq. (gr. Mr. Gilbert),
Tittenhurst, Sunninghill, showed fully one-
hundred-and-twenty single trusses of Rhodo-
dendron hybrids of great magnificence.
These were all practically distinct, and the
exceptionally large trusses were of ideal
shape, and built up with large, fresh flowers
of clear colouring. Unfortunately, there were
no names or indication of their parentage,
so a deal of the educational value of the
exhibit was lost, but it displayed great
cultural skill.

Col. STEPHENSON CLARKE, C.B., Borde
Hill, Cuckfield, had a varied and most
interesting collection, often of goodly trusses.
His hybrids, of the greatest garden value,
included R. Fortunei x blood-red arboreum,
in fine trusses of vivid pink colouring.
R. Van Nes is a vivid crimson; R. inveri-
anum is a deeper crimson: R. Loderi was
represented by immense trusses of lovely

flowers. Fortunei x Thomsonii gave a well-
formed truss of large, bright, soft pink
flowers. The same cross gave Sir JoHN

RAMSDEN, Bulstrode, Gerrards Cross, almost
identical trusses, nnd also a deeper-coloured
variety. R. Thomsonii y R. campylocarpum
is a compact truss of orange-pink-stained
flowers of considerable beauty. The Duchess
of Portland is a beautiful, white variety,
with a few spots in the centre of the
bloom. R. gloriana (R. eampylocarpum x

R. barbatum) is a truss of wine-crimson-
colouring of great charm. There were
also branehes of the small-flowered, blue

Rhododendrons.

E. GC. P. Maron, Esq., Lamellan, St.
Tudy. Cornwall, included many medium and
small - flowered Rhododendrons of great
heauty. Amongst these were R. prostratum.
R. impeditum, and R. Davidianum. The
large-flowered varieties include R. decorum,

in good strains |

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE. .

R. Gilian, and R. Ione (Countess of
Haddington x R. bullatum), a very
beautiful ivory-white variety.

LEOPOLD DE ROTHSCHILD, Esq. (gr. Mr. A.
Bedford), Exbury, Hants, had a magnificent
vase of R. Loderi, and also included R.
campylocarpum, of rich, yellow colour. R.
Thomsonii, R. Thomsonii x R. Mangles,
Scarlet, of very dark, vinous crimson, and
R. Aurora, a splendid, large, pink truss.

Lieut.-Col. Messer, Handcross, included
trusses of R. fragrantissima, with R. Lus-
combei, R. Faleoneri, R. campanulatum, R.
arboreum, white variety. and R. arboreum
No. l. a lovely, rosy-coloured flower.

LaDy ABERCONWAY (gr. Mr. F. C. Puddle),
Bodnant. Tal-y-cafn, North Walcs, showed R.
Thomsonii x R. kewense. a large, pink bloom ;

R. Penjerrick; R. Cornish Cross; R. Otto
Foster, a large, pale blush variety: and
R. Beauty of Tremough.

Messrs. R. VEITCH AND Son included
such interesting sorts as R. niveum, an
old but valuable species bearing shapely
trusses of lovely mauve colour; R. Ex-

minster, a delightful rosy-pink truss of large
size; R. Cornish Cross, rosy cardinal; R.
Retreat, a large creamy-white bloom with
regular spots; and R. Margaret, an immense
truss somewhat reminiscent of Pink Pearl,
but much earlicr and equally free. Other
species which were well represented included
the waxy blooms of R. Keysii, and such
tiny little shrubs as R. impeditum and R.
hippophaeoides.
had a goodly collection of species and their
hybrids, but these were not named. They
also showed several spikes of the rich blue
Myosotidium, and a good range of St.
Brigid Anemones, which also were staged
by Messrs. REAMSBOTTOM AND Co.

Narcissus and Tulip Committee.

Present: Mr. E. A. Bowles (in the chair),
Sir Daniel Hall, and Messrs. W. B. Cran-
field, P. D. Williams, Chas. H. Curtis, P.
R. Barr, J. de Graaff. G. Churcher, W.
Poupart, R. Meyer, G. W. Leak, W. F. M.
Copeland, J. W. Jones, F. Barchard, and
F. Herbert Chapman.

AWARDS OF MERIT.

Narcissus Mrs. John Robinson.—A poeticus
variety of good form and substance, but no
apparent improvement on many varieties
already seen. It has broad, white perianth
segments and a deep yellow, crimson edged

cup. Shown by A. RonBriNsON, Esq., Kings-
wood, Bawtry. ;

Narcissus Morocco.—This ir a fine Barrii
variety with broad, overlapping, white
perianth segments, and a fairly broad,
plaited cup of deep orange colouring. Shown

by Mr. F. HERBERT CHAPMAN, Rye.

GROUPS.

Messrs. BARR AND Sons exhibited a very
large group consisting of Daffodils and
Tulips, with varieties of Iris pumila planted
in fibre in front of the latter. The Daffodils
were exceptionally good considering the late-

ness of the season, and many notable
varieties were included. Probably the most
outstanding sort was the giant incompara-

bilis Prince Fushimi, which has a beautiful
white perianth and a large, open, globular
cup of apricot-orange colour. Others of
special merit were Adelgar, a large Trumpet
Daffodil with a soft yellow perianth and
rich golden-yellow trumpet; Primrose Phoenix,
Grecian Beauty, Croesus, Nannie Nunn, Lord
Kitchener and Mrs. Robert Sydenham. ‘The
‘Tulips were also the best in the show and
included such beautiful sorts as Couronne de
Cerise, Fire King. Couleur Cardinal, Coquette
de Belleville, La Reve, Rosamundi and
Arius, this very finc group being pleasingly
set off by small pot plants of ornamental
leaved Maples. The Dwarf. [rises were. in a
variety of colours and most suitable. for
planting in rockeries.

Messrs. R. GILL AND SONS

May 9, 1925.

Mr. HERBERT CHAPMAN showed some
beautiful Daffodils, most of them of his
own raising. Amongst the more conspicuous
were Flaming Heart, Solomon, a fine Poetaz
variety with solid white segments and flat,
wide crown, that is coloured dark red
passing to gold in the centre; Grand Marnier,
Silver Salver, Samaria. the last two fine pure
white Leedsii varieties; Raeburn, Gaza. a big
Trumpet variety with a cream perianth and
deeper cream trumpet: Kaffir, Orgy, with a
red crown nearly as big as its white perianth,
and the beautiful Mystic illustrated in
Fig. 139.

Messrs. R. H. BATH, LTD.
Daffodils and ‘Tulips, with an
Violas in pans. The Tulips
Wouverman, a fine claret-purple variety :
Brunhilde, Prince de Ligny, Arabella.
Brilliant Star, Ibis, and Yellow Prince. The
Narcissi were chiefly Poctaz varieties, such
as Snow King, Sonata, Kestrel, Bonfire,
Larissa and Noel.

Mr. J. W. Barr, Wimborne, showed a
collection of Daffodils in which the more
notable varieties were Whitewell, Gwendoline.
a fine giant Barrii; Bartolini, a big. yellow
Trumpet variety; Pyrrha, Sweet Melody, Red
Gauntlet, Saturn, a giant Barrii variety with
a fine regular perianth of broad segments,
& rich yellow cup and a broad, red, frilled
margin; and Pygmalion, another Barrii, the
crown of which is beautifully frilled.

Messrs. DOBBIE AND Co. showed, as a
corner group, a very pretty exhibit of
Narcissus Firetail arranged in a setting of
moss. The exhibit represented a corner in a
dell and the inclusion of a boulder and a
tiny Primula gave a very pleasing touch of
reality to the scene. This received a Cul-
tural Commendation.

Fruit and Vegetable Committee.

Present: Messrs. J. Cheal (in the chair).
W. Poupart, W. H. Divers 8. B. Dicks,
E. Beckett, W. J. Lobjoit, W. F. Giles,
H. Markham, T. Pateman, E. Neal J.
Harrison, G. F. Tinley, E. A. Laxton,
A. N. Rawes, E. A. Bunyard, P. C. M.
Veitch, A. Metcalfe and W. Taylor.

There was no entry of any kind
consideration of this Committee.

showed
edging of
included

for the

æ- ፦ ሮሮ ቤቢ ፡፡ዬ ዓ.መ. ና. መሽ = --

NATIONAL AURICULA AND PRIMULA.

THE annual exhibition of the Southern
Section of the National Auricula and Primula
Society was held in conjunction with the
R.H.S. meeting on Tuesday last, and although
competition was restricted amongst a few
competitors the display on the whole was
very interesting. All lovers of beautiful
flowers will recognise the [good work which
this Society does in perpetuating the beau-
tiful florists’ varieties of both Auriculas and
Primulas, and for the opportunity their
shows afford of enabling the general public
to sec the finest types of these flowers as
evolved by the old florists.

The largest class was for twelve Auriculas,
dissimilar, and the only exhibitor was Mr.
JAMES DOUGLAS, whose success in culti-
vating these flowers is unequalled at the
present time. He showed such beautiful
sorts as Clandon Green, George Lightbody,
Green Parrot, Black Bess, Lord Steyne.
May Day, Greyhound, Blaine and Green
Lawn. <A smaller, but similar class, for six
Auriculas, dissimilar, brought two compe-
titors, and the first prize carried with it
the James Douglas Memorial Cup. It was
won easily by Mr. G. STANBRIDGE, whose
plants of "Tottenham, The Miller, Green
Lawn, Clandon Green, Bookham Blue, and
Calipha were remarkably fine; second. J. T.
BENNETT-PoE, Esq.

For four Auriculas, dissimilar, Mr. A. NÑ.
Hampton, Reading, excelled, showing Lincoln
Green and three seedlings; one a red self
like Lord of Lorne : second, Mr. HERON-ALLEN,
Selsey Bill, whose plant of Harrison Weir

May 9. 1925.

was very commendable. The last exhibitor
excelled in the. class for four faney Auriculas,

his best plant being Frank, u grey-edged
fancy variety.
In the large. class for twelve alpine

Auriculas, Mr. James Dovucras had the field
to himself and won the first prize worthily
with grand plants of The Laird, Argus,
Roxburg, Admiration, Day Dream, Hector,
Teviotdale and others.

Mr. J. T. BENNeTT-Pok was the sole
competitor in the class for six alpine Auriculas,
and he was awarded the first prize for Argus,

J. T. Bennett-Poc, Prime Minister, Golden
Dustman, Roxburgh, and Muriel. For four
alpine Auriculas, Mrs. GnRovE, Brondesbury,

beat Mr. BrENNETT-Por, having larger plants
with bigger trusses. Her most notable varieties,
were Argus, Sunbeam, and Ntephen Longton.
Mr. BENNETT-Pot showed a very fine plant
of Roxburgh in his collection.

The best specimen alpine Auricula with a
gold centre was shown by Mrs. GROVE jin
the variety Muriel, and this lady was also
second with a seedling of the Muriel type.
For a single alpine Auricula with a white
centre, Mrs. Grove again excelled, showing
Phyllis Douglas, which was adjudged tho
premier alpine Auricula in the show, but
some considered that Muriel, shown in Mr.
BExNNETT-Por's collection of four, was superior.
This gentleman came second with Roxburgh,
and Mr. A. S. Hampton thid with Argus;
five competed in this class. Mr. HERON-ALLEN
was the only exhibitor of six alpine Auriculas.
open to an exhibitor who has never won a
first prize at these shows. Mrs. GROVE was
first for six alpine Auriculas, dissimilar, and
Mr. James DovcLas led for twelve fancy
Auriculas with grand specimens of Heliotrope,
Cicero, May Day, Bookham Green, Agnes,
Maize, King of Yellows, and others—a superb
lot.

In the classes for Polyanthuses and Primulas,
Mr. G. W. MILLER won almost all the prizes.
He was first for a single specimen of a
Primula, with Mauve Gem, for six double
Primroses, for six Polyanthuses, and for a
group of Primulas and Auriculas. Such poor
competition for these popular garden flowers
is to be regretted.

In connection with the Auriculas, it was
interesting to see exhibited a plant of the
wild yellow Primula Auricula, raised from plants
collected on Monte Baldo, Lago di Garda,
by Mr. Clarence Elliott; accompanying the
plant was a reproduction of L’Obel’s figure
from Gerard's Herbal, which obviously
represented the same plant.

NORTH OF ENGLAND HORTICULTURAL.

THE spring show of the North of England
Horticultural Society was held at Harrogate
on April 16 and 17. The Rev. J. Bernard
Hall informs us that it was the best of
the five post-war shows and that the gate

money amounted to £65. The following
awards were made:---

Gold | Medals to Messrs. MANSELL AND
HATCHER, Rawdon, Leeds, for Orchids; 10
Mr. ELISHA J. Hicks, Hurst, Berkshire, for

Roses; to Messrs. SUTTON AND Sons, Reading.
for a group of flowering plants; and to
Messrs. BACKHOUSE NURSERIES (YORK), LTD.,
for rockwork.

Large Silver-Gilt Medals to Mr. Arva J.
HarL, Harrogate, for alpines; and Mr. H.
FRANKLING, C.B.E.. J.P. Harrogate, for
greenhouse flowering plants.

Silver-Gilt Medals to Messrs. MAXWELL AND
BEALE, Broadstone, Dorset. for alpines;
Messrs. A. J. KEELING AND Sows, Bradford.
for Orchids; and Messrs. KENT AND BRYDON,
Darlington, for alpines.

Large Silrer Medal to Tut WernsH Burs
Fretps, St. Asaph, for Daffodils.

Silver Medals to Messrs. BAKERS, Codsall,
Volverhampten, for alpines: Mr. P. GARDNER.

THE

* the

GARDENERS’

Ilkley, for alpines, etc.; Messrs. G. GIBSON
AND Co., Leeming Bar, Bedale, for alpines,
ete.; Messrs. R. V. Rocer, Pickering. N.
Yorkshire, for alpines, and Messrs. A. GREEN-
woop AND Co. Wetherby, for rock-garden,
ete.

Large Bronze Medal to Messrs.
AND Sons, Bedale, for Primroses.

Bronze Medals to Mr. S. GARDNER. Pool,
Leeds, for a rockery; Messrs. REAMSBOTTOM

HARKNESS

AND Co. West Drayton, for Nt. Brigid
Anemones.

AWARDS OF MERIT.
Rosa Rouletti, shown by Messrs. BACK-
HOUSE NURSERIES (YORK), LTp.; Brasso-
Cattleya Beaumont, and Odontioda Border

variety sanguinea, both shown by Messrs.
A. J. KEELING, Bradford; Odontioda Meteor,
shown by Messrs. MANSELL AND HATCHER.

FEDERATION HORTICOLE PROFESSIONNELLE
INTERNATIONALE.

THE annual meeting and conference of the
International Professional Horticultural Federa.
tion was held this year at Groenendaal Park,
Haarlem, in connection with the special
exhibition at Heemstede.

Mr. B. Ruys, a well-known Dutch nursery-
man, whose portrait, together with an
appreciation, appeared in our issue of May
2, presided over an unusually large attendance
of delegates. Proceedings commenced on
Thursday, April 23, at 3 p.m. with an
address of welcome from the President.

French delegates were present in great

force, including M. Turbat and M. Rene
Barbier, the Secretaries; M. Sauvage, the
Treasurer ; M. T. Chollet, M. Norbert

Levavasseur, M. Lucien Levavasseur, M.
Ernest Levavasseur, M. Graindorge, M. Royer,
Dr. Saulnier, and many others. Among the
Belgian representatives we noticed M. van
Orshoven, M. Charles Pynaert, M. Delaruye,
M. Praet, M. de Smet, M. Draps, M. de
Coster, and M. van de Weghe. Mr. Bintner
represented Luxembourg, and did not hide
light of his little county under a
bushel. The Dutch trade was well represented
by, among others, Messrs. Ruys, Jac. Smit,
Wery, Krelage, and Schlochteren. Visitors
from America were Mrs. King, Mr. de la
Mare, and Mr. Vincent, the last an agile
and by no means silent gentleman in his
eighty-third year. Mr. Stahel represented
Switzerland.

Representatives from the British Isles were
Mr. G. W. Leak, Mr. W. R. Oldham, Mr.
George Monro, Mr. C. du Cann, Mr. W. E.
Wallace, Mr. Alfred ነኛ. White, Mr. T.
Windle, Mr. A. S. Galt, Mr. Charles. H.
Curtis, Mr. C. Engelmann, Mr. J. S. Brunton,
Mr. P. J. Murrell, Mr. W. F. Gullick, Mr.
W. Cutbush, and Mr. S. W. Hale, while
other Britishers present as visitors included
Mr. H. T. Mason, Hampton: Mr. G. T.
Dickson, Newtownards; Miss Rogers, London,
and Mr. Jeans, Bournemouth. The Ministry
of Agriculture was ably represented by Mr.

W. G. Lobjoit, the Controller of Horti-
culture.
The lengthy agenda of nineteen items,

besides extras, suggested several long sittings,
but the report of the previous Conference,

the General Secretary's report, and the
Treasurer's report having been circulated,
these occupied little time. The accounts

showed a balance in hand of 3,620 francs;
the principal item of expenditure for the
year being that for printing. Mr. Sauvage
pleaded for a better support of the Registra-
tion of Novelties Bureau, and pointed out
that comparatively few new plants and varieties
were registered internationally by the British
and Dutch growers.

Canada and Germany desired to be admitted
to the Fédération, and in each case the
request was granted. Voting for the admission

CHRONICLE.

327

of Germany was taken separately by the
various groups of nationals, and so soon us
admission was granted two German repre-
sentatives took their seats and subsequently
took part in the discussions. Italy again
expressed a desire for admission but pleaded
inability to pay the requisite fees; a proposal
to admit her for a nominal sum was negatived,
because, a8 Luxembourg pointed out, 118
acceptance would create a position which
other countries might take advantage of. In
offering a welcome to the American viaitors,
Mr. Ruys expressed the hope that next year
they would come again, not as visitors but
as delegates. Reports indieating the state of
the horticultural industry in the several
countries represented were issued in printed
form to the delegates. The one from Belgium,
submitted by M. Chas. Pynaert, was of
unusual interest, and may serve as a model
for future reports. M. Turbat and the
President asked that next year these national
reports should be sent at an earlier date so
that the delegates might have them in type
early, and be able to discuss them with their

own organisations before coming to the
conference.

In his report, M. Pynaert referred to the
loss of trade experienced in Belgium as a

result of the American quarantine order; he
pleadel for free trade for horticultural
products, and stated that in 1924 Belgium
exported ornamental plants to the value of
35,068,294 francs: bulbs, ete., to the value
of 732,209 francs; and cut flowers to the
value of 901,345 francs, making a total value
of 36,701,848 francs for the exports of the
first ten months of the year. Holland,
France, and Germany appear to be Belgium's
best customers, with Great Britain and
Switzerland also good ones. It appeared as
though so large a portion of the Agenda
would be got through at the first session
that business would be completed on the
following morning, but those who had this
hope did not reckon with the speech-making
propensities of the Dutch and French

delegates. The question of free trade was
raised by the reports, and then tongues
were loosed. Everyone who spoke, and

some spoke more than once or twice, was
in favour of free trade for horticultural
produce—with some reservations. It was
with some difficulty the President curbed
the loquacity of the continentals, and
finally closed the first session by adjourning
further discussion of a matter on which
everyone seemed to be agreed—all but!

To be continued.

TRADE NOTE.

QUAINTLY conceived and delightfully con-
ducted, The Covent Gardener is something
quite new in horticultural literature. The
whole duty of this sixteen page publication
is to advertise the goods offered for sale
by the Sundrics Department of Messrs. Geo.
Monro, Ltd., Covent Garden, and it is
edited by Mr. Stuart Monro, the chief of
the department. But although Business-—
with a capital B—is the purpose of The
Covent Gardener. the humorous notes and
the more practical contributions «are so
admirable and readable that the reader
cannot fail to be impressed, interested and
tempted by the divertisement of the
advertisements and the sundry sundries. In
the January issue we learn a good deal
about Raffia and the process of box
making for the fruit and flower trades, and

in. the April issue Mr. A. T. Barnes
discusses * Paper" from a horticultural
business point of view, and there is an

interesting article on “ An Economic System

of Glasshouse Heating." If the present
standard is maintained The Covent Gardener
promises to have as long a run as Covent

Garden,

—

Obituary.

Harry G. Witney.—It is with very great
regret we have to announce the death of
Mr. H. G. Witney, which occurred on
Sunday night last after a brief illness from
which all his friends hoped he would soon
recover. Mr. Witney had been in the
service of Messrs. George Monro, Ltd., for
thirty-six years, and for a considerable part
of that time had been general manager of
the flower department. He was a capable
organiser, extremely popular with the buyers
and with the employees in his department.
He was one of the finest salesmen in
Covent Garden, and an excellent judge of
a flower for market purposes. Physically he
was a big man, but he was also very
large hearted. Mr. Witney was fifty-four
years of age. He lost one son during the
war, and is survived by a widow and two
sons. The funeral servico was held at
Golders Green on Friday, the 8th inst.

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

CUCUMBER LEAVES UNHEALTHY: Fleet Pond.
The Cucumber leaves you sent were very
much shrivelled when received by us, and
it is impossible to state definitely what
the cause of the trouble is. However, they
appear to be of an abnormal type of
growth, which has sometimes been observed
as odd cases amongst a large number of
Cucumbers. If you care to send fresh
specimens packed in moss in a tin box
we will endeavour to help you further.

CYCLAMENS UNHEALTHY: ሠ. H. Y. No disease
is present on the specimens you sent, nor
were there any signs of insect attacks. We
suspect that the trouble is due to some
error in cultivation, which only those ,on
the spot can determine.

MAagGgoTs ATTACKING TomaTos: C. B. The
creatures which you describe as maggots
are Leather jackets, which are the larvae
of the Daddy-long-legs or Crane-fly. These
pests have doubtless been introduced with
the rotted turf used in the beds or
compost. The best method of controlling
this pest is to use poisonous bait, com-
prised of Wheat-bran, 20 lbs.; Paris green,
l lb.; water, 34 gallons. Thoroughly mix the
bran and Paris green in the dry condition
and slowly moisten the mixture with water.
The bait when used should be just damp
enough so that when spread from the
hand it falls into small pellets. The
above quantity is sufficient for one acre,
and correspondingly smaller quantities
should be used for smaller areas.

Prants: Ponticus. 1, Euphorbia
2, Phillyraea angustifolia var.
rosmarinifolia; 3, Azara microphylla; 4,
Corydalis bulbosa; 5, Lonicera Standishui ;
6, Aethionema iberideum ; 7, Potentilla alba ;
8, Senecio Greyi. E. P. 1, Prunus triloba
flore pleno; 2, Lathyrus vernus. Horticus.
Probably Populus serotina, but the species
cannot be determined without mature
leaves; 2, an unnamed Rhododendron
seedling. Thousands of seedling Rhodo-
dendrdns flower in nurseries cvery year,
and large quantities of those not considered
good enough to name are sold for shrubbery
and covert planting. E. M. One of the
many and varied forms of Rhododendron

NAMES OF
Myrsinites ;

arboreum. J. E. A. Probably Impatiens
Sultanii. C. 0. L. P. Madeira. Feijoa
Sellowiana. Ww. R. B. l, Lathraea

squamaria ; 2, Muehlenbeckia complexa.

RHODODENDRON LEAVES EATEN BY SOME
Insect: W. D. S. The leaves of your
Rhododendrons have obviously been eaten
by some hiting insect, but in the absence
of the culprit it is very difficult to say
what it is. There are at least three

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

— ———MÀ ee ——— —À — — M 2 ——

different insects, anyone of which might
have caused the trouble: (a) the cater-
pillars of some moth; (b) a leaf.eating
weevil; and (ር) a leaf-cutting bee. We
are inclined to think from the appearance

of the damage that the last might be
responsible. If either of the two former
are suspected, spraying the plants with

lead arsenate paste at a strength of six
lbs. to one hundred gallons of water or
three lbs. of lead arsenate powder in one
hundred gallons of water would be un
effective control.

WEEVIL IN ViNERY: A. EK. M. The beetle
found in the vinery is Otiorhyncus sulcatus.
This, like the allied Raspberry Weevil (O.
picipes), is capable of inflicting very con-
siderable damage. Jn its adult stage it
feeds at night time on the leaves and
young buds. It lays its eggs in the soil,
where the grubs do much unseen damage
on the roots of plants growing in the
vinery. If allowed to multiply without a
check these insects may easily cause much
damage. There ark two general methods
of control, one against the adult Weevil
and the other against the larva. Measures
against the adult are of two kinds, trap-
ping and spraying. The insects are night
feeders, and advantage can be taken of
this fact to catch them. The house should
be entered at night-time, with a lantern,
but care should be taken to avoid letting
the light fall directly on the insects, and
the whole operation should be conducted
as quietly as possible. A sheet made sticky
with tree grease or tar should be placed
under the vines and the light flashed on
the foliage, when the insect will drop on
to the sticky surface and be caught. The
other method is to spray with a strong
dose of lead arsenate, i.e., eight pounds
of paste or four pounds of powder to each
one hundred gallons of water. The whole
vine could be sprayed now as sufficiently
long interval ‘will elapse before the fruit
is fit for eating. The other method is
directed against the larva. Any good soil
insecticide may be used as soon as the
fruit has been gathered, and forked in
according to the makers' directions. The
object in this case is to kill any larva
that may have hatched from eggs laid in
the spring.

Communications Received. —W. R. 1).---ላ. D. W.
—J. B.—A. B.—J. E.—J. B.—J. 8. C.—G. P.—s. B.—

F. J. G.—T. W. T.—P. H. R.—A. P. C.—A. G.—J. C.
—C. S—W. A.—D. J.—J. McD.

THE WEATHER IN APRIL.

RE

THE mean maximum temperature for the month

was 47.1? and the mean minimum 90.7", giving an
actual mean temperature of 41.0, which is about
3? under normal. The highest screen temperature
of 80? was reached on the 21st, and the lowest
of 29° on the 3rd, an obsolute range of 30°. The
grass minimum recorded ten nights of ground frost
(i.e 30.4? or below) the coldest night being the

3rd. when the temperature fel] to 20° on the grass,

In the soil at one-foot deep, it rose slowly from
41? at the beginning to 46° on tke 17th, but again
fell a degree during the last week. A total of
160.4 hours sunshine, being a daily average of 6.35
hours, and a percentage of 38, is quite about the
average. The brightest day was the 15th, with
11.8 hours, while the 27th gave 11 hours. On five
consecutive days, 5th to 9th inclusive, fog prevailed
throughout, and these gave blank cards. Rainfall
was considerably above the normal for April, being
2.94 inches. The wettest day, the 17th. yielded
60 of an inch. There were in all 13 rainless
days. The mean barometrie. pressure for the month
was 1008.2 millibars. The highest reading of 1025.7
millibars ( -= 30.290) inches) occurred. on the. 20th. and
21at, and the lowest 982.2 millibars ( = 29,006 inches)
on the 15th. Winds were variable, but there were
no gals. Frequent hail showers were noted during

the afteruoon of the 26th. while remarkable large
snowflakes fell at 6.30 G.M.T. on the evening of
the 28th. John Davidson, Meteorological Station, St.
Andreu's Provincial Committee, Training College Gardens,
Mayfield, Dundee.

SCHEDULE RECEIVED.

HANLEY HORTICULTURAL FETE.—Exhibition to be held
in the Hanley Park on Wednesday and Thursday,
July 1 and 2.—Secretary, Mr. Wiliam Poulson, Town
Hall, Hanley.

May 9,

NEW HORTICULTURAL INVENTIONS.

Latest PATENT APPLICATIONS.

9,421. —Kobiolke, A. M.—Destruction of insect
pests. April 8.

8,545.—Cowie, M. J. H.—Metal
plants. March 31.

1925.

tie-up for

8,374.—Bentley, B. J. F.—Weed extractor.
March 28.
7.821, 7,822.—Foster and Co., Ltd, ነነ ---

Packing seeds, ete. March 23.
7.743.—Horten, A.—Production of artificial
rain for agricultural plants. March 23.
7,931.—Robinson, A. $8. F.—Garden rollers.

March 24.

SPECIFICATIONS PUBLISHED LAST MONTH.
231,018.—Garbin, G., and Toniolo, S.—

Phospho-nitrogenous fertiliser.
231,021.—Telfer, J. S. G.—Fertiliser.
230,535.—McLaren, H., and Herbert, L.—

Apparatus for trenching between rows of
planta.

209,405.—Balinsky, P. De.—Method of, aud
apparatus for, producing mist or fog for
irrigating or treating crops.

230,662.— Henning, C. T. B..—Hand cultivators.

230.148. — Illingworth, C., and Duckworth,
H. H.—-Fertiliser and insecticide.

ABSTRACT PUBLISHED LAST MONTH.

Preserving Fruits and Vegetables —Patent
No. 229,100.—A process of preserving fruits

and vegetables has been protected in this
country by a German inventor, Mr. A.
Faitelowitz, of 32, Kurfurstendamm, Pension

Weber, Berlin.—The products are dried to a

pasty consistency in open vessels at a
temperature not exceeding 80° C., being
continually agitated by means of rollers.

The apparatus consists of three tables, a
water tank beneath the lowest table being
heated by a steam coil, and the steam thus
generated passing by a pipe to boxes
beneath the other two tables. Rollers are
carried by arms on a travelling frame, and
may be brought down on to the table by
means of a handle. The rollers are made
in sections loosely mounted on spindles so
as to accommodate themselves to inequalities
in the tables. The frame also carries
scrapers on arms. In place of treating the
whole fruit, the fructose and acids may be
extracted by alcohol, concentrated as described
and mixed with the residue from the
extraction.

CATALOQUES RECEIVED.

FRANK CANT AND Co., Braiswick Rose Gardens, Col-
chester.— Roses. i

W. MAUGER AND SONS, Brookdale Nurseries, Guernsey.—
Lachenalias.

BARR AND Sons, 11, King Street, Covent Garden, W.C.—
Bedding plants and Dahlias; flower and vegetable

seeds.
Foreign,

ALFRED KLAPPROTH, Alfeld (Leine), Hanover.—Cyclamen.,

GARDENING APPOINTMENTS.

Mr. C. R. Gregory of the Royal] Gardens, Kew, has
been appointed Assistant Horticultural Advisor to the
Warwickshire County Council.

Mr. W. A. Smith, for the past three years Inside
Foreman at Tewin Water, Welwyn, Hertfordshire, as
Gardener to C. GRAHAME WHITE, Esq., Plugotts Manor,
Letehmore Heath, Watford, Hertfordshire. (Thanks
for 2s. 6d. for R.G.O.F. Box.— EDs.)

Mr. George Brown, for the past twenty-one years
Gardener to the late Lt.-Col. W. D. WINTERBOTTOM,
of Arton Hall, Derby, as Gardener to Mrs. WINTER-
BOTTOM, Oakley Place, East Grinstead, Sussex. (Thanks
for 2s. 6d. for R.G.O.F. Box.—Enps.)

Mr. F. W. Dawe, for five years Gardener to the
STAFFORDSHIRE EDUCATION COMMITTEE at the Farm
Institute, Rodbaston, Penkridge, and previously Gar-
dener to G. WARD, Esq.. at the same address, as
Gardener to Mrs. INGE, The Plas, Tan-y-Bwlch, N.
Wales. (Thanks for 2s. 6d. for R.G.O.F. Box.—EDs.)

Mr. F. Radford, for the past six vears Gardener at
Mymwood, Hatfield, and previously at Ashendene,
Hertford, as Gardener to J. 5. MoRETON, Esa., South
Pickenham Hall, Swaffham, Norfolk. (Thanks for
25. for R.G.O.F. Box.— Eds.)

May 9, 1925.

MARKETS.

COVENT GARDEN, Tuesday, May 5th, 1925.
Plants in Pots, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.
(All 48'3 except where otherwise stated).

Adiantum s.d.s.d.

cuneatum

per doz. .. 10 0-13 0
--elegana ... . 10 0-12 0
Aralia Sleboldii... 9 0-10 0
Ld per

doz. : ... 30 0-42 0
Asparsgus plu-

rnosus ... 12 0-18 0
—Sprengeri . 12 0-180
Anpidistra, green 36 0-60 0
Asplenium, — per

doz. ... 12 0-18 0
— 32's ... 24 0-30 0
— nidus . 12 0-15 0
Azaleas. per doz. 15 0-36 0
Cacti, per tray,

Cinerarias, doz. 15 0-24 0

8. d. s. d.
Crotons, per doz. 30 0-45 0
Cyrtomium ... 10 0-15 0

Erica melanthera,
48'8 per doz. ...

— —00's, per doz.
Marguerites, white,
18's per doz. ... 15 0-18 0
Nephrolepis, in
variety . ... 12 0-18 0
—32's 255 ... 24 0-36 0
Palms, Kentla ... 30 0-48 0
—60's — .. 15 0-18 0
Pteris, in variety 10 0-15 0

—large 60's 50-60
—amall ... .. 40-50
—12's ነገ — tray

of 1 . 2 6-30

21 0-30 0
8 0-10 0

Cut Flowers, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.

Adiantum deco- s.d.s.d.
rum, doz. bun. 18 0-24 0

—«emneatum, per
doz. bun. ... 12 0-15 0
Asparagus, plu-

mosus, per bun.

long trails, 6's 20-30

med. sprays ... 16 2 6

short ..,, 09-13
—Sprengeri, per bun.

long sprays 16-20

med. ,, 10-16

short 9፥ .. 0 4- 1 0
Bouvardia., white,

per doz. oun.... 9 0-120
Carnations, per

doz. blooms 30-46
Croton leaves,

var., doz. leaves 0 9-2 6
Datfodils—
—Barrii, per doz. 4 0- 50
— Emperor, per

doz. bun. ጻ 0- 90
Fern, French, per

doz. bun. .. 09-13
Galax, American,

green and bronze,

per doz. bun... — 30
Gladiolus, Blush-

ing Bride. per

doz. bun. . 18 0-24 0
— Peach Blossom,

per doz. bun. ... 24 0-30 በ
Gypsophila, white,

doz. bun. 20-60
Ixia, red, doz. bun. 3 0- 5 0
—Mixed, doz. bun. 3 0- 4 0
Lilac, Dutch, per

spikes E 40-80
Lilium speciosum

rubrum, long,

per doz. blooms 4 0- 5 0
—4hort Mo S Vid 30-40
Lilium longiflorum

long, perdoz.... 40-50
Lily-of-the-Valley,,

perdoz. bun. ... 0-36 0
Narcissus—
—Horace, per

doz. bun. 2. 40-80
—vornatus, per

doz. bun. . 26-30
— Poeticus, per

doz. bun. 60-70

Orchids, per doz.
—(Cattleyas . 24 0-36 በ
—Cypripediums...

REMARKS.—Many

50-70 !
subjects

s. d. s. d,

Richardias (Arums)

per doz. . 250-60
Roses, per doz. ]

blooms, Rich-

mond... 3050
— Liberty r PTS 3 Q- 9 0
Madame Butter-

flv s 30 50
—Mme. “Abel

Chatenay 30-40
— Melody 30-40
— Molly “Sharman

Crawford, (- 46
— Niphetos 20-36
— Ophelia... 40-50
—Sunburst 40-50
Gardenias. per

box. 12':, 18”... 4 0- 60
Ruscus, ር ርው

per bun . 1020
Smilax, pét doz.

tralla ... . 90-36
Spanish Iris. nar

doz. bun.—
— Blue ... 18 0-40 0
—Mauve ... ..180-24 በ
— White .., 24 0-36 0
—Yellow ... . 24 0-36 0
Statice, mauve ... 530-60
Stephanotis, per

72 pips... .. 10-186
Stock, English

white ... ብ. 9 0-18 0
Sweet Peas, per

doz. bun. 9 0-18 0
Tulips, per bunch—
—Bartagon . 16-30
—Clara Butt... 16-26
—Wm. Copland... 1 0- 3 0
—Farncombe

sanders ... . 16626
—White Swan ... 10-20
Violas, per doz.

bun. ... .. 20-30
French Flowers—
Anemone, St.

Brigid .. 26-50
Marguerite, yellow,

per pad .. 60-70
Marigolds, Der pad 30-060
Stock, double

white, per pad

24 bunches . 10 0-12 0
—double coloured 10 (—12 0

Violets, Parma,
per bun. s 0- 50
have inereased in price

during the past week, especially Daffodils and Narcissus

ornatus of reliable
the former flower
principal sorts are
signments of N. ornatus
Cambridge. Horace. and
Narcissus are
White Swan is
sorts are below
now preferred,
but they keep
Sweet Peas are
high prices are
Small consignments
home-growers are
of these blooms
hut they show signs
Spanish frises continue
there is still a shortage
All Liliums which
prices are sufficient.
it is expected that
be reduced in quantity.
arrive in the market,

are

the
although
much

of

for

gradually
maintained
double
greatly welcomed.
continue
of
to

quality.
coming
Emperor and Grandee.
are

other
realising wood

most

requirements.
they are
longer
improving

of
appear
present
Richardias
Gladioli
but Blushing Bride and Peach

finishing
arrive

of
the

consigninents
Scotland ;
The con-
from Lincolnshire and
improved varieties of
Amongst Tulips.
good Darwin
Outdoor blooms are
shorter in the stem.
indoor blooms,
11 quality, but
quality blooms.
white Stocks from
A few pads
arrive from France,
for this season.
in good condition ;
white and wvoellow sorts.
amongst the wholesale
requirementa, but
(Arums) will shortly
are beginning to

Small
from

prices,
plentiful ;

than

for best

to

Blossom are the only two sorts avallable at present.

THE GARDENERS’

|
|
|

—South African—
— White Hanepoot 6 0-10 0

| Violets are now practically finished ;

CHRONICLE.

-መጻመው — ——

Viola cornuta
is being used as a substitute. French flowers consist
mostly of Gypsophila elegans, yellow Marguerites.
mauve Statice sinuata, and small consignments of

: double white Stock, which cannot be recommended
owing to the long time in transit before it reaches
here.

Fruit : Average Wholesale Prices.
Apples— s. d. s. d. s. d. s. d.
—4Albermarle ... 45 0-50 0 Lemons, Messina,

—Oregon New- per box... .. 80-120
town . 14 0-18 0 — Murcia ... . 12 0-15 0
Ne ——— Apples— —Naples ... . 16 0-20 0
—Cox's range " — 30 y
Pippin ... * 28 0-30 0 | Melons (Forced) 3 0- 6 t
—Jonathan . IA 0-20 0 * Oranges, Jaffa ... 14 0-16 0
—Worcester Pear- ; —Spanish—
main .. ... 12 0-190 | —3008 ... . 18 0-32 6
Pe 17 (18 0 | — 360a 2 . 056 0-22 0
asmanjan— : DN
—(Cox's Orange --60488 18 0-20 0
Pippin t . 18 0-20 0 English | Peaches,
—Jonathan S. U-IN 0 ku doz. ህር .126-440
—Ribston Pippin 13 0-16 0
—Worcester Pear- Pears, South
main . 14 0-5 0 African—
—Cleo us .. 1፻ OIR 0 —Beurré Diel 50-70
,—Others ... . 15 0-14 0 , - 3
: —hBeurré Bose 50-70
Bananas ... J 17 6-30 0 |
* x ; —Dovenn. du
Figs. (Foreed) doz. 6 0-24 0 Comice ... s 0-12 በ
Grapes— —Josephine 50-70
— Belgian ... 40-46 —
—English— | - Australian-—
—Hambro, ህ6፻ 15. 40-60 , —Beurreé Bosc 70-90
|
|

` — Red pareve 8 0-10 0
—Colmar .. ... 100-12 0
Grape ‘Fruit, |

Cuban ... . 25 0-39 0
—Jamaica . 25 0-30 0 |
—Florida. finest 25 0-35 0

Vegetables: Average
8.0. 8. d.
Artichokes, per

doz. F 20-30
Beans, Guernsey,

per Ib. .. 16-20
—Worthing ..1620
— Madeira, per

box e. 20060
Beets, per cwt.... 5 0- 80

" Cabbage, pertally ፣ 6-10 0

Canary Island
Tomatos .. 18 0-25 በ
Cauliflowers, per
doz... 30-40
Chicory, per lb... 07-08
Carrots, per doz.
bun. ... ——
—New . 10-80
Cucumbers, per
40-60
—Flate, 36'8, 42° 8 10 0-16 0
Dutch Onions ... 11 6 126
Endive, per doz. 1 6- 3 0
Eo jan, per
30-36
French Asparagus—
— Cavaillon M 6- 10
—Lauris ... 20-30
English Asparagus—
20-8 0
rn best, per
10-50
Horseradish. per
bundle ... 20-26
Leeks, per doz.
bundles... . 2636
Lettuce, per dor. - —
—Cos 80-90
—Cabbage 16-30
—Dutch, per
crate 6-50

. grown

— Beurré Clairgeau — 60
—Winter Nelis.. 70-96
—Others ... 40-60
Pines 36-50
5 ከ per |
lb. ... +6100
Wholesale Prices.
s. d. ጸ. d.
Mushrooms, cops 26-30
—brollers .. 20-20
Marrows, doz. .. ህ 0-14 0
Mint. Forced, per
doz. -— .. 40-12 0
Onions, Valencia,
r case . 15 6-17 0
—Kgyptian. per
bag 11 0-12 0

— inglish, per cwt.12 6-14 0

—Spring .. — 40
Parsnips, per cwt. 30-40
Peas, French, per

cane . .. 00-80
—Guernsey forced

perlb. ... . 13-20
Potatos, Canary

Island ... 14 0-16 0
Potatos, per ton—
— Dunbar 240 0-260 0
—King Edward 200 0-240 0
—Others 90 0-160 0
SEN Gere 05-0 6
—Jersey .. 05-0 6
—Scily ... uw. 00-0 7
—Spanish, new,

per cwt. ... 240 0-22 0
rcd
—Round . .. 1 6-26
—Long . 13-16
Rhubarb, Forced,

per doz. ›--1 6

—“ Natural ” per

doz. 6--5 6

Seakale, Natural,

Msieve . 8 0-10 0

Spinach, per bushel 3 0- 4 0
Tomatos, English.

per lb . 19-20
—Guernsey . 16-110.
Turnips, new, per

doz. bun. . 60 80

REMARKS.—Trade, on the whole, has been active, some

sections being more lively than others.

South African

fruits have sold well, although their condition has been ,

variable.
and Pears.
slightly higher prices,

tendeney is not quite so firm.

Peaches. Figs, Melons,

Grapes,

The bulk of consignments consists of Grapes
Australasian Apples are in good demand at
but at the time of writing,

the
Hothouse fruits, such as
and Strawberries are

meeting a good inquiry and, generally. values of that class

of produce are at a high level.
Tomatos are available. but for the
normal. and

are below

quantities
days would

few sunny
supplies.
are steady.
new Potatos. as
English Asparagus,

well

the

make
Cucumbers are fairly numerous and their prices
Choice vegetables, such as Beans, Peas, and
as the earlier consigninents of

are mecting a good inquiry.

Rather more English-
time of vear,
no doubt a

a deal of difference ከ1

Mush-

. rooms remain a good trade and their prices show little or

' no fluctuation.

New Potatos from the Canaries are an

improved business, in spite of the flrst shipment for the

season of new Potatos from Spain.
a fair trade, and salads are going out well.

old Potatos is quiet.

GLASGOW.

Green vegetables are
Business in

The recovery in prices recorded in the previous report
made further progress during the past week, when the
cut flower market presented a more cheerful appearance

than has heen experienced since Easter.

Daffodils and

xl.

—

Tulips, which had suffered most, naturally reflected the
greatest improvement, but the firmer tone was general,
especially on Friday, when the highest values of the week
were obtained. Daffodils advanced from 2d. to 3d. per
bunch. Emperor and Golden Spur fluctuated between
2.6 and 4.6 per dozen; Barrii conspicuus, and ornatus,
2'- to 4/-; King Alfred, 8-; Weardale Perfection. 6/- to
8፡-: Gloria, 4;- to 0;- Grandee, 2/6 to 3/ in, and Hors-
fleldii, 2- to 26, the latter quotation in each case
representing Friday” 8 price for special blooms. Although
Tulips were not so plentiful the quality of the indoor
flowers was first class. Afterglow ranged from 16 1019
for 6's: Clara Butt (English), 1 6 to 1.8, (Guernsey), 80.
to 94. : W. Copland, 1.4 to 1.8; Farncombe Sanders, 1 4 to
1 7: No. 1 pink, ] 3 to I. 4, and Murillo, 9d. to 1.-. For
outdoor grown blooms 6d. to 8d. was paid for Prince of
Austria, 9d. to 1 - for White Swan and Gris de Lin, and
81. to 10d. for Bartagon, W. Copland, and Clara Butt.
Imperator Iris realised. from 2 - to 26 for 60s, und
Guernsey 1፻[።. Nd. to 1 - per bunch. Richmond Roses
advanced 1 -, making from 26 to 4 - per dozen, while
Madame Butterfly prices were steady at £- to 5,6. Cama-
tions were dearer at 3 6 to 3 - for Aviator, Mrs. Hemus,
Lady Northcliffe, May Day, Enchantress, aud Wivelsfield
White. Richardias and Lilium longiflorum (Harrissil)
declined to 2,6 up to 5 - per dozen for the former, and
3.6 per bunch for the Jatter. Lilac was steady, white
averaging from 4.- to 7,- and coloured from 4-10 5.-
White Hyacinths special made 10d. for 3's; short
stemmed, 6d. to 8d., pink and blue, 5d. to 6d.

Bedding plants ‘ite now arriving in greater variety.
Wallflowers averaged from 1/3 to 1,9 per doz.; Daisies.
1:3 to 1/6; Violas, 1.- to 1:3; Lobelia, 1/6; and Poly anthus,
Ij- to 1፡6. Small Tomato planta made up to 1/6 per doz.
Paul Crampel Pelargoniums brought 1,6 per pot, and
Spiraea 2/- to 2/6.

A good business was transacted in the fruit market.
First consignments of hothouse Grapes sold at 3/6 to 46
per lb. for black Hamburgh, and 4'- to 4/6 for Royal,
while 18/- to 24;- per dozen was paid for English-grown
Peaches, Grape Fruit commanded 28j- to 30/- per case.
Scotch Strawberries sold at 7/- to 9/- per Ib., and English
at ፲.። were cheaper. Oregon Newtow n Apples are now
scarce and the price advanced to 21/- per case, while
Australian Jonathan, Sturmer Pippin, and Ribston
Pippin ranged from 17/6 to 20/-. Pears continue to be a
good selling line. Australian Calabash made 8/- to 10/-,
William's Bon Chretien, 14.- to 16/-, and Beurré Bose 14/6
to 16,- half case, and Cape varieties were quoted as
follows :—W Inter. Nelis, Josephine de Malines, and Glou
Morceau, 6;- to ኛ.-; Beurré Bosc, 6፦- to 66 Beurré Diel,
5:6 to 6/68: and Keiffer, 4 6 10 5;6. Australian Grapes
averaged 22/- to 25;-, Cape Colmar, 16- to 18'-, white
Hanepoort, 10; - to 12. ; red Hanepoort, 12 to 15 6.
Murcia Oranges made 18; - to 22;- for 300's and 240's, and
17:- to 20;- for 504's and. 420'8, while Valencia, 200, 300,
240, and 360 sold at 12:6 to 18. 6 and 420” at 28/- to 32.
Jaffa Oranges made 10 - to 13 -.

In the vegetable section French Carrots and Turnips
realised Od. to 10d. per bunch: Asparagus 1,6 to 23:
English and Scotch Cucumbers, 6/- to ሠ። dozen ; Seakale,
12.- sieve; Syboes, 6d.; English and Dutch Lettuces, 2.
10 29 dozen : Beet, 6j- bag; Teneriffe Tomatos, 32/- to

38/- per bundle ; Guernsey 19 to 2/- per lb. ; Peas 5.-
bag ; Broad Beans, 4i-; "Canary Potatos, 12/-; Polmont
Rhubarb further advanced to 56/- cwt.

NETTINGS

GARDEN NETS.—For Fruit Protection.
Any lengths and widths. Corded all round.

New.—1 in. sq. mesh heavy, 6jd. sq. yard
New.—1 in. sq. ,, medium 524.

New.—1in.sq. .. light 549. >?
New.—{in.sq. ,, medium jid. ,,

Repaired.—1 1n. sq. mesh, 344. ,,
Repaired.—(not corded) ፤ in. Diamond
Mesh, 9/- per 100 square yards.

NEW TENNIS BOUNDARY NETS.
Any lengthsand widths Cordedall round.
7d. per square yard.

NEW TENNIS NETS.

Various qualities, from 16/- to 31/- each.

NETS FOR ALL PURPOSES.
Samples and full particnlars from the
manufacturers.

JOSEPH BENTLEY LIMITED,
BARROW-ON-HUMBER, HULL,

(Sole Proprietors of B. Eddy & Sons.)

STOVE & GREENHOUSE PLANTS

Aralias, Crotons, Caladiums, Dracsenas, etc., all
kinds of Foliage, Flowering & Climbing Plants
The largest and most complete collection in the trade.

L. R. RUSSELL, LTD.,

| Richmond Nurscrics, Richmond, Surrey,

OAA NAN

SP oe THR 3. AR DENE LA CURAND

. SHADING:
j|: The only: genua

original And. M AmpépMe; on
Do ngi: * — * wer M 3 E
| Ta tina, ‘Green er White. Shade, 1/6 and 3l- 5. -
| Seld by all Nurserymen, Seedemen and Florists-

Th origina and Lending. Fumigant.

-p< 6) eee
v

HOSE ‘with: scipitific experience. Hacks the : di. Whee MUN

L Cooled Governor in an exclusive class, claiming that . 1.

bui pe Jupjust- m e — ae — {ies EA
M AG ነ watercac ፎ engine, ፻0 class it: Wit J3hytnimng jess upto ያው =5--
አ the. air-cooled. mator mower 1535. much put: ot date: sic c E MD ae Ua. Se wa IA» and m. 596.
oo, Has paraffin lamp. “The water-cooled “Governor wives coe f- a Gio hole Minor it Net SC
AU o sad eved- cutting, and is easily manipulated . around - "Walks, . —— | | cos 4 (0, EAD THAMES, LONDON. NERO dax
....:. በ ርእ trees: shrubbery, ፳፻ር., doing away with un- — ።
> sightly fringes of grass.’ ft fs the lowest priced and the most A

| በደር ወያ water: coated i motor mower on id —

“WEED DEATH " d 5
ፐዛዩ NEW BOR-POItOROUE WEED KILLER POWDER.. a
Healy 58 affective, 1f not more ag, than the WE ጽዕ emus. Bra)

THE ENGLISH -
E GARDEN.

ES Y ያጋ dall Ode ፡::2::.
IE-- ሥሠ wira m DANT
— No ONE bo 06) ጸ rock — —
Ms who loves: Alpine plants, -can afford: ieee
1 ፦ withoul his delightfol work, which rellecis =
"so. faithfully ‘the genit oF its dead: sathor.
the Tate. Reginald Farer - His dn two: big: *
volumes, full ot deeply interesting and extre A:

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MOTOR LAWN. MOWER

bd AVATAR ኬክ EA

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AF hasessghen ,

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ordinarily valuable ishu mation, se aye ያ

Can dr ital: hen? RoE
GARDENERS’. CHRONICLE, lan TE
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swe AND GREENE QUSE EU um 44. H T al Di |1.

226907 69 he aa I, orticu tur irectory |.
| JAMES CYPHER & SONS, D tbe: Horticultura: Directory. 48 not being ;

Exotic Nurseries, CHELTENHAM: | |. eh this Year, Dur a 4 number | if

ቀሩ X E ean

- Bak 895 ነ) THe
ES “the ae Chele Aye Em
bañkment 6811. ot NUS bd gent.

Pan Rivers & Son m

| SAWBRIDGEWORT. ፃ እ

diea ab he. ated ር or
2=. poet frees

| pA shold be —— dece d pur
i re ARDENERS' CHRONICLE, UTD, F
; sie Tavistock St, Covent Garden, w C. à

Builder.

$ < — a ኃያ ውች Ea.
| Saya _ READING.

— ——— — — pit ti ፣ — — —

1925.

SITUATIONS VACANT

Twenty words (or three lines including headline),

4s., and 18. for every succeeding eight words (or

line or portion thereof). Fee for having replies
addressed to this office, 18.

May

Advertisers desiring their Advertisements
repeated must give full particulars,
otherwise no notice can be taken of their

Name and address

communications. alone

are insufficient.

Gardeners writing to Advertisers of Vacant
Situations are recommended to send them
copies of testimonials only, retaining the
originals. To part with original documents
means to run a great risk of thar beng
mislaid.

When addressing Box numbers, it is essential
to give the initials or pseudonym, as well as
the correct number of the box.

MUNICIPAL AND PUBLIC.

IHE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL

SOCTETY invites further applications for the post

of KEEPER OF THE GARDENS at Wisley. The
duties of the oee involve responsibility for all
cultivation in the Gardens, and to a suitable man à

commencing salary of £400 per annum will be paid with
8 house, Applications will be tre ated as confidential and
al communications should. be addressed. to THE
DIRECTOR, H.H.s. Gardens, Wisley, Ripley, Surrey.
from whom further particulars may be obtained.

— L — - ሠ፦ P — —— es, .. ጮ ኤሙ-መሠ-መ — ———

CITY OF COVENTRY.

PARKS DEPARTMENT.
ARDENEHSN wanted. must have had
E experience in maintenance of Pleasure Grounds,

laving and upkeep of Tennis Courts and Bowling Greens.

Forms of application may be obtained from
The Parks Superintendent,
London Road,

Coventry.

GARDENER,
experienced indoor, state age
and previous experience. with copies of not more than
three recent references, Commencing salary, ሂ= 12s.

per week (including fluctuating bonus). —Apply MEDIC AL

V TANTED, ASSISTANT

married or single,

SUPERINTENDENT, Calderstones, Whalley, near
Blackburn.
PRIVATE.
ANTED. HEAD WORKING GAR-
DENER of three, thoroughly experienced) Inside
and Out: good references: wite help house when
required: rooms and light.—Apply, full particulars, A.
H. HALE, Holly Bush Nursery, Atnersham, Bucks.
W ANTED, HEAD - WORKING GAR-
DENER where four kept; must be personally
recommended and have thorough knowledge all out
and indoor plants. especially Chirysanths., Begonias,
Roses, C€arnations ; good cottage and coals supplied.—
Apply by letter only. stating qualifications, age, and

wages required. to P. E.
Brixworth, Northampton.

BUCKNALL, The Rookery,

ኣ..፡. ነ. GARDENER required
K? (unmarried): room, light, trins provided.—W rite
Wages, full particulars, Mrs. MACDONNELL, © Shraigh."
Wimbledon Conunon, S.W.

THE

ANTED. experienced SINGLE-HANDED

GARDENER: boy kept; small greenhouse ;

willing wash car: cottage. MISS NEW MAN, Harpaden
Wood, Henley-on-Thames.

— — — — —

GARDENER, SINGLE-HAN-
married, well up in general work.—
POWER, Moorland Cottage, Streetly,

Y ANTED,

DED, not
Apply to H. M.
Staffs.

epu E GARDENER wanted
for Highgate district, must be experienced in
Kitchen Garden, lawn, and under glass; rooms provided ;
no children.—state fullest particulars and salary to. Mrs.
MASON, 11, Oak HIN Park, N.W. 3.

V TANTED, GARDENER. SECOND of

three; kitchen garden, lawns, etc.—Partículars,
wages, ete, to HEAD GARDENER, The Lordship,
Much Hadham, Herts.

We at once, SECOND GARDENER

of ten, to take charge of fruit and plant houses,

also decorating, not under 24. Wages 40 - per week,
with bothy ete; duty alternate weeks, 5,- extra.—H.
GREENING, Chelwood Beacon, Chelwood Gate, East
Grinstead, Sussex.
V ANTED, SECOND GARDENER. for
Kitehen Garden, Pleasure Grounds; — single.—
Full particulars, wages, ete. to DURHAM, School
Cottage, Festiniog., North Wales.

Wyar ED. SECOND GARDENER, thor-
oughly experienced in Vines, Peaches, and 'plants
under glass. Wages 38/- per week, bothy, duty Tak

5'-—Apply, C. BROOKES, Burnham Grove Gardens
Burnham, near Maidenhead.

ps GARDENER wanted, for Kitchen

Gardens and Pleasure Grounds, alternate duty;
cottage found: wife occasional house work.—Particulars
to H. STOPPS, Paxton Hill Gardens. St. Neots, Hunts.

ANTED, experienced. MAN with alpines,

for Japanese Water Garden, under Head.
Wages £2 week and cottage.—References to JONES,
The Gardens, Shirenewton, Chepstow, Mon.

\ ANTED, GARDENER, experienced Inside

and Out, live in, bothy: wife assixt shop work ;
highest references. —2SA LT ER, Brynkinalt Nursery Garden,
Chirk, North Wales.

ጓላ — at Hampton-on-Thames, GAR-

DENER, experienced in outdoor work, and
WIFE, age 30 to 40, no children; to live in: wife must
be thoroughly domesticated and do all domestic work of
small modern house and cook for married couple at
week-ends; write only, and state wages required, ex-
perience, and give references.—E. GARDNER, Esq,
1, Ashley Place, Westminster.

ANTED, YOUNG MAN,
capable of taking charge. Wages 30:- per week,

with bothy: duty extra. Apply with copies of
references. -3H EMMING, Rng Gardens, Corwen, Merioneth.

ሠሠ- መ=

for Inside,

—

Ye intelligent MAN for Pleasure
Grounds and drive Atco motor mower. an

bothy, etc.—Apply. with copies of references, to
HOLDER, The Gardens, Pains Hill, Cobham, Surrey.

DNPERIENCED KITCHEN GARDENER

4 wanted, wife attend bothy; joint wages 00፣- weekly,

cottage, light, coal, etc.; duty monthly, 4 -.—Copies
testimonials and particulars to HARWOOD, Court
Gardens, Llandaff, Cardiff.

ANTED. YOUNG MAN, single, with

V experience of. work in pleasure grounds, must
have good knowledge of Alpines and be keenly interested
in rock gardens, duty alternate weeks.—Apply stating
wages, experience, and enclosing copies of references to
THE AGENT, Thornhaugh Estate, Wansford, Peterboro,

We ut
| MAN to take charge. of warde n horse,

Lawns and Pleasure Grounds: rull particulars,
ete. house free —F. STREETER, Wormley
Gardens, Broxbourne, Herts,

SADING

1 l
å has been

married
used to
wages,
Bury

once, a young,

Inside, one who
With experience in
Carnations, trait, and greenhouse plants: age about 25;
bothy. — Write stating wage and experience. F.
CHAMBERS, Woodhatch Lodge, Reigate, Surrey.

MAN required,

first Journey man.

GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

xni.

— — ——— —

ጻው JOURNEYMAN for Inside
and Out, wages 35-, no bothy.—Apply G.
THURSTON, Gardener's Cottage, Coptfold. Hall, Ingate-
stone, Essex.

Wax ‘ED, Outside JOURNEYMAN, prin-
cipally Pleasure Grounds.—Apply. stating wages
with bothy and attendance, to AUSTIN,
Gardens, Hitchin, Herts.

\ J TANTED immediately,
JOURNEYMAN for Inside, Carnations, Fruit.
Plants, ete.; gardener’s reference essential ; lodgings paid

while bothy being rebuilt.—Apply. with full particulars,
wages required, to A. W. MITCHELL, Addington Park
Gardens, West Malling, Maidstone, Kent.

Temple Dinsley

experienced

(S any Gardener recommend a thoroughly
interested JOURNEYMAN, age about 24 years, as
State wages, the
and overtime
Henley-on-Thames.

Carnation grower chiefly.
allowance and bothy, duty
TURNHAM, Greenlands,

usual
paid.—

EQUIRED at Wimbledon, HANDYMAN.
good experience estate work, carpentering. painting,
glazing, ete. ; permanency: no house: single preferred,
30 to 35.—State age, experience, and wages required,
with copies of recent testimonials to the SECRETARY,
The John Innes Horticultural Institution, Estate Office,
Merton Park, S.W. 10

W ‘avsi for private Laundry, competent
LAUNDRESS, and Husband to work in Gardens ;
the laundry; family two;
Pn ten; Eng. ch.: full particulars of experience ot
both. — Write combined wages to MRS. GARTON,
Banstead Wood, Surrey.

cottage attached to

SWANLEY HORTICULTURAL COLLEGE FOR
WOMEN, SWANLEY, KENT.

A ዝጊ... are invited for a MARKET
we GARDEN SUPERINTENDENT, man or woman,

must have knowledge of greenhouse work, packing.

grading, and marketing of fruit, vegetables, and
owers
Further particulas may be obtained from the
Secretary.

ANTED, INDOOR FOREMAN, expe-

rienced in the growth of stove and greenhouse
plants, bedding plants, and flowers for cutting.—A poly
with copies of references, wages expected, to DIC KSON’S "s
NURSERIES, LTD., Chester.

ANTED, WORKING ROSE AND

FRUIT FOREMAN, used to growing quantities,

or smart, energetio YOUNG MAN, good budder and

grafter, capable of taking charge under supervision.—

Apply, giving age, wages expected, and testimonials,

stating where experience was gained.—S. McGREDY ፊ
SON, Royal Nurserles, Portadown.

XPERIENCED GROWER wanted for
Tomatoes, ete., good dwelling house found, state
wages required to GILL, Nurseryiman, Falmouth.

LLWOOD BROS.. Carnation Specialists,
Haywurds Heath, have been requested to flnd a
capable CARNATION GROWER for a large Nursery in
Holland; must be able to take full charge of commercial
establishment and produce good references. Full
particulars will be given to suitable applicant.

OOD all-round GARDENER, thoroughly

prio ‘al and ca able a laying crazy paving, ete.

—Apply ROBERT GREEN (1911) LTD., 2, Abercorn
Place, Maida Vale, ነኝ. ነ between five and six p.m.

ነ Ñ TANTED, at once, reliable, experienced
CUCUMBER GROWERS; state wages required.—
WHATELEY, Kenilworth.

ANTED, KNIFESMAN, must bo well

up in budding, grafting, training, and other
work.—Apply stating whether married or ii with
original testimonials and wages expected JOHN
BASHAM & SONS, Fairoak Nurseries, Bassler. Mon.

V ANTED for budding season (June, July
and August). two experienced ROSE BUDDERS,

temporary position only offered, but every. possibility
tor a permanency to the right men.—Apply to R.
MURRELL, Hose Acre, Shepperton-on-Thatmes.

XIV.

THE GARDENERS

CHRONICLE.

May 9, 1925.

ANTED, LEADING HAND, for small

Nursery, good, all-round man; cottage and
garden. Full particulars, wages, and a —MARTIN
CHART, Railswood Nursery, Pelsall,

i

URSERY HAND wanted ; bedding stuff,

Chrysanthemums, and cut flowers ; permanent
if suitable—P. AQUATIAS, The N urseries, Stockport
Road, Timperley, Cheshire.

EAD LEDGER CLERK AND CASHIER
wanted June, good writer, accountant, corres-
)»ndent, quick and accurate at figures, state wages,
hest references required.—E. W. KING, Seedgrower,
Coggeshall, Essex.

ANTED, experienced SHORTHAND
TYPIST to assist with correspondence, 80me
knowledge of the nursery business essential .—Full parti-
culara as to abilities, experience and wages required, to
KING'S ACRE NURSE: IES, LTD., Hereford.

LORIST.—MANAGER required for First-
Class West- End Business House, established for
many years, with an extensive and highly artistic trade,
good salary and interest in the protits, to thoroughly
competent man, highest qualifications required.— Write
to P. N., Box 7, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,
W.C. 2.

ALESMAN AND FLORIST wanted, with
good business training and thorough knowledge of
fruit trees, Roses, shrubs, and general nursery stock, for
leading Dublin florists’ shop; must be competent to
advise customers and book orders for large nursery.
Apply in confidence with copies of discharges, state
fully where experience gained, age, salary, married or
single, when disengaged, etc.—W M. WATSON & SONS,
LTD., Nurseries, Killiney, Dublin.

pronis wanted for Dublin, experienced,
to take charge.—Particulars and references to

B. — Box 54, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,
w C.2

ANTED, YOUNG LADY as FIRST
ASSISTANT under Manageress, good Sales-
woman, maker-up and knowledge of routine of nursery
and florist shop, state age, wage, where previously
employed. with reference.—F. ‘J. BATCHELOR & SONS,
Nurserymen, Harrogate.

OUNG LADY required for floral work,

window dressing, etc., must be first-class hand at

all designs, one. with some knowledge of seeds, planta,

etc., preferred, but not essential. —BARNWELL BROS.
Florists, Worthing.

ANTED, experienced TRAVELLER for

Landscape Work, remuneration largely on coin-
mission basis, must be man of good education and
address, excellent prospects for one. able to produce
results, preference given to one with knowledge of
Lancashire, Cheshire and Fylde districts.-S. BROADHEAD
& ON, LTD., Wooldale Nurseries, Thongsbridge,
Hudderstield.

SITUATIONS WANTED

Twenty words 28., and Gd. for every succeeding

eight words or portion thereof. (Advertisements at

this special rate are only accepted direct from

gardeners and nursery employees.) Fee for having
replies addressed to this office, 18.

PRIVATE.

EAD GARDENER-BAILIFF open for

engagement, eet practical all branches;
highly recommended ; Scot 47: married.—COLVILLE,
Drumnasole, Carnlough, Co. Antrim.

n ROBERT KINDERSLEY, highly
(recommends his HEAD GARDENER, life ex-
rience in all its branches in good establishments,
cluding Dropmore Park, Buckinghamshire ; also
several years Head with Col. "Hanbury, C.M.G., Wexham
Springs, Buckinghamshire ; good references ; married, one
girl, ten years.—Apply C. FROST, Plaw Hatch Hall,
Sharpthorne, Sussex.

YARDENER, HEAD, last 18 years Head

Gardener to the late Sir Albert Bowen, Bart., left

through death; highest references, life ex erience. —J.
HOAD, 55, Denzil Road, Willesden, N.

YARDENER, HEAD, seeks re-engagement ;
life experience in noblemen’s gardens, 6 years
Head, 2 years Head present situation; could market
ee produce : excellent references, married, 3 children.
age 38.— ROBINSON, Bourton House Gardens, Shriven-
ham, Berks.

ARDENER, HEAD, two or more, thor-

oughly efficient all branches, includ alpines ;
conscientious, willing; house. — HEDGECOCK, High
Street, Fareham.

ARDENER, HEAD, or good SINGLE-

HANDED, iem situation, experience in all branches ;

family grown u — London preferred. -COI.VELI.
Eversholt, Bletchl

*ARDENER, HEAD or SINGLE-HANDED,

life experience Inside or Out, age 40, married,

— ሺ GANT, Alderham Cottage, Barford,
arwic

Ce E. G. HARDY would be pleased to
recommend A. DAVIES as HEAD, or SINGLE-
HANDED with help, well up in all branches, Inside and
Out; excellent references; age 43; married.—Lattiford
Cottages, Wincanton, Somerset.

ARDENER, HEAD or SECOND, Inside,
20 years’ experience, Inside and Out; married;
cottage essential.—_STREET, Park Mill, Burwash, Sussex.

NARDENER.—H. C. SCRIMGEOUR highly

recommends A. PAGET, who has been with
him 5 years as Head Working Gardener; experienced
and capable; married, age 41, two children.—Apply
to J. CHEAL & SONS, LTD., The Nurseries,
rawley.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, where
several are kept; married; age 45; life experience,
England and Scotland; well recommended from present
and previous employers.—E. DREDGE, New Park,
Trentham, Staffs

YARDENER, HEAD-WORKING, open for
engagement, first-class experience, 15 years Head

at Powderham, Exeter, Devon, highly recommended and
thoroughly versed in private, exhibition or commercial
gardening.—T. H. BOLTON, Ystrad, Carmarthen Town.

NARDENER, HEAD WORKING, expe-
rienced Inside and Out, also understands land and
stock if required —ARTHUR, 21, Horton Hill, Epsom.

NARDENER, HEAD WORKING, where

several are kept, life experience in all branches,

including — and renovating, leaving through
death, age 45.— DUNANT, Castle Hall, Milford
Haven, Pem.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, where

one or more are kept; life experience in all
branches; can be well recommended, married; nge 42;
one boy age 12.—W EST, 66, Thorpe Road, ” Staines,

IR ERIC HAMBRO, K.B.E., wishes 10
AJ highly recommend J. CROSS as HEAD WORKING
GARDENER, was ten years with the late Sir Everard
A. Hambro, has thorough knowledge of all forms of
gardening, leaving solely on account of death, married,
no family.—Reply J. CROSS, The Gardens, Hayes Place,
Hayes, Kent.

(3... HEAD WORKING, where
two or more are kept; life experience : highly
recommended, age 34, married, 2 children.—J. KEL TH,
Ufton Road, Sulhamstead, near Reading.

EAD WORKING GARDENER

BAILIFF, efficient in all branches: highly recom-

mended ; near London preterred.—G ARDENER,S;. Albany
Road, Reading, Berks.

and

YENTLEMAN ሽምን ን recommends
advertiser as HEAD WORKING, where keen,
interested man required; life experience all. branches,
Inside and Out, control staff; excellent references,
51 years present, age 33, inarried, no faimily.—k.
BRYANT, Purley, Reading.

ENTLEMAN wishes to highly

his GARDENER, HEAD WORKING;

perience in all branches; 6 years present situation; age

40. Please state wages. — HOWE, Moore Cottage,
Coolham, Sussex.

wishes to recommend his

GARDENER, HEAD WORKING, life experience
Inside and Out; good grower of fruit, flowers, and
vegetables, early and late forcing; 4) years present
situation; married, one daughter grown 7 cena i
WILLIAMS, Gardener's Cottage, Theydon Place, Epping,

Y ENTLEMAN

ADY highly reconmends HEAD WORK-

4 ING GARDENER: honest, conscientious man;
thoroughly experienced all branches, Inside and Out,
age 38, married; leaving through death —GRIFFIN.
Beltwood, Sy denham Hill, S.E.

EAD WORKING GARDENER—Foreman

seeks situation as such, accustomed to large and
small gardens; highest recommendations from Head men
and employers as to ability, enthusiasm and integrity ;
life experience in noteworthy gardens: age 32, married,
no family, wages 503. a week and cottage. —C. W.,
Box 9, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

YARDENER, HEAD WORKING or

SINGLE - HANDED, age 230, life experience
Inside and Out; good references, married when
suited —M. N.. Box 5, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C.2.

ARDENER, thoroughly experienced in all
branches, Inside and. Out, requires situation,
SINGLE-HANDED or otherwise; single; age
ARTER, Leslie Court College, Barnwood, Gloucester.

93ኛ -

ARDENER seeks situation, SINGLE-
HANDED. or would take Lead in Kitchen
Garden or Kitchen Garden and Pleasure Grounds:

age 24, good refs—H. DANCE, 45,
Wimbledon,

Graham Road,

ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED or other-

wise; experienced Inside and Out; good references.

age 37, single. — COOPER, 71, Devons Road, Bow,
London, E.

(3 ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED or Kitchen
Garden, age 29, 11 years' experience, good
married when suited.—C. GOODHEW, Well

references, l
Detling, near Maidstone, Kent.

Cottages,

NARDENER, life experience all branches,
A with Son, 18, as Under if required; Wife
any house duties If required: good refs.—H. C.,
Box 6, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2.

seeks work, life

flower, or vegetable,
BURN, 73,

(1 YARDENER, disengaged,
experience, grow any fruit,

36, aoe later on, hard of heariug.—H.

Trevelyan Road, Tooting, S.W. 17.

ARDENER, SECOND, in good establish-

ment, thoroughly experienced, Inside and Out:
keen, energetic, wel recommended ; age 32; married,
oue child.—J. FRYER, Claremont, House, Welholme

Avenue, Grimsby.
D GARDENER requires situation,
| 14 years market gardening; good references,

essential.—A. KIBBLE, Whichford,
Warwickshire.

married; cottage
Shipston-on-Stour,

AE ON wanted as UNDER-GAR.-
J DENER, kitchen garden, pleasure grounds, age 26,
single, references.—H. YAPP. Court Plocks, Allensmore,
Hereford.

ME PATERSON, Holkham Gardens, Nor-
folk. can D recommend A. McDONALD

as INSIDE FOREMAN, age 26, single, experience
gained in good establishments,
situation near London, as

\ ANTED,

WORKING FOREMAN;
experienced : could take charge of small farm, Kitchen
Garden, Toms., Cues, ete. pues poultry, bees: excellent
referenees.—HK. H. , Box 8, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2

age 4o, one daughter;

N R. W. E. HEWETT can confidently
recommend G. HOBDEN as FOREMAN, Inside;

life experience, age 29, married : disengaged when

suited.—The Gardens, Parkwood, Henley-on-Thames.

May 9, 1925.

THE GARDENERS

CHRONICLE.

DVERTISER, with 20 years’ experience,
wants a place as GROUNDSMAN, can drive motor
mower, competent u mE good recommendations ; house
essential. — Apply ር ን E Flat Cottages,
Haily Lane, near Hertford

( A BUTLER, Apperley Court Gardens,
Me Tewkesbury, can highly recommend ላ. VEN-
FIELD, for pleasure ground or kitchen garden, strong,
willing, age 24, bothy preferred.

ITCHEN GARDENER. age
can take duty, 2 years’ here.
sold; good references, late of Hyde
Luton.—D. BRADBURY, Pimlico,

37, single,
place being
Gardens. near
Harpenden, Herts

" ARDENER, situation wanted, Kitchen

Garden, gentleman's estate, well. recommended,
uge 44, married. no family.—NAPPER, Stables,
Lyne Grove, Virginia Water.

YARDENER requires situation, Kitchen
X Garden or Pleasure Grounds, seven years’ expe-
rience, knowledge motor mower, married, good references,

22, strong, healthy and willing.—NICOL, Weeting Hall,
Brandon, Suffolk.
MIRST JOURNEYMAN, Inside, seeks
situation under foreman; nine years’ experience
in fruit, plants, age 23; bothy preferred.—G.. WICK,
Westbury Manor Gardens, Brackley, Bucks.
OURNEYMAN, age 20, seeks situation,

e Inside and Out; well recommended.—Apply B. W.,
Box 4, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent. Garden, W.C.2.

UTSIDE JOURNEYMAN sceks situation,

leaving owing to reduction, age 23, nine years’
rience, good refs.—HILL, Alfreton Park, Derby-
shire.
OURNEYMAN seeks situation, experience
Melons, Peaches, Vines, Cucumbers, Tomatoes,
Carnations, Chrys, and plants; age 22.—C. HARME ዚ;
Colney Hall Gardens, Norwich.
HEXTER, Chelsworth Hall Gardens»

ግ
E. Bildeston, Suffolk, can with confidence recommend
HERBERT CHURCH, as IMPROVER, Outside; 18 years
of age; 4 years experience.

LEE, Berwick House Gardens, Shrews-

e bury, recommends IMPROVER, Inside, age 18;
3 years’ experience. State wage, with bothy.

R. EUSTON, Stanlake
Twyford, Berks., requires — situation
SON, Inside, 19 years of age. 5 years
Inside and Out; home counties preferred.

Park

Gardens,
for his
experience

IEP ATION required, Inside and Out.
24. Wages 23 - to 30.-, willing to take duty.—-
^ gT V ENS, Brave Cottage, Dymchurch, Kent,

NTELLIGENT YOUTH,

94, seeks situation

in country, help in house and garden, live in,
low wage, recommended.—DU NCAN, 27, East Arbour
Street, London, ፻..1.
STRONG YOUTH requires situation in
KJ large garden, slight experience, state wages, with
bothy.—TATE, 4, Onslow Houses, South Kensington,
London.

ADY GARDENER, certificated በክ] ex-

perienced, understands poultry and bees; widow,
excellent. references, cottage desired.—TIMMS, 4,
Northumberland Avenue, Reading.

ADY GARDENER. experienced all

branches, seeks temporary
drive’ car. —Apply_ J. H.,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

work, good organiser,
Box 1, 3, Tavistock Street,

BAINES, The Gardens, Langham Oaks,

e Colchester, can highly recommend W. GORBELL

as good HANDY-MAN for Kitchen Garden or Pleasure
Grounds, accustomed to Horses; single, aye 42.

TRADE.

OX-NURSERYMAN requires position as

4 SHOP MANAGER; over 20 years! experience In
fruit and flower trade, nursery sundries, pases -up, etc.
—J. R. STREET, 6, Regent? s Square, W.C.

Y ENERAL ASSISTANT, UNDER
፳ MANAGER, or FOREMAN to Nursery man,
Seedsman, Seed-grower, Market Gardener, or Market
Grower: fruit, spraying, packing, pruning. nursery
propagator, chiefly soft- wooded, Chrys., Toms, Cues., ete. ;
special line—plant breeding; age 30, married, one
one, housing essentia —SARGEANT, Leggatts, Potters
ar.

Js and GROWER, London, Pro-
vincial experience, shop and market produce, soft-
wooded, cut. bloom, all pot. and. decorative plants, fruit,
with routine general branches; good references.—]Iv y
Cottage, Leighs, Cheliistord.
AN, 38,

NV | not afraid of work, wants
AVE nursery work or jobbing. near London: life
gardener, life abstainer; refs.—H. H. 5, Hillside Road,
Stamford Hill, N.15.

-ADY FLORIST. 7 years’ experience floral

4 desigus, window dressing, sales, highest class trade,
seeks situation, Birmingham or district; first-class
referenees.—M.. S., Box 3, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C.2,

URSERY PAINTER

seeks situation in Kent or Thanet, 9 years at

present place, disengaged when suited, age 23, state
wages.— ONG, 45, Cyprus Road, Faversham, Kent.

AND STOKER

FORM OF SUBSCRIPTION TO
THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE

19
Please send me The Gardeners’ Chronicle

Soles: Months, commencing —

for which I enclose P. O.

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5, TAVISTOCK STREET, COVENT GARDEN,

LONDON, W.C. ሯ

SELECT LIST

BOOKS ON GARDENING.

PRICES QUOTED ARE IN ALL OASES POST
FREE TO ANY PART OF GREAT BRITAIN.

Gardening, A Guide to. By H. H. Thomas.
With numerous illustrations. 1s. 9d.

Gardening, Alphabet of. By T. W. Sanders.
Dealing with the elementary principles of
practical gardening. 48. 6d.

Gardening, Home. By W. D. Drury. Nicely
got up in picture cover, with numerous

illustrations. 28. 4d.

Gardening, Practical Amateur. By H. H.
Thomas. Beautifully illustrated with
numerous half-tone plates. 9s.

Grape Growing for Amateurs. By E. Molyneux.
Gives plain instructions for the successful
cultivation of indoor grapes, with lists of
most suitable varieties. 2s. 4d.

Grape, The Book of the. By H. W. Ward. An
excellent manual of practical Grape culti-
vation, well illustrated. 48.

Grapes, Peaches and Melons. By J. Lansdell,
and other experts. A handbook dealing
with their History, Culture, Management
and Propagation. ðs. 6d.

Greenhouse Management for Amateurs. By
W. J. May. Construction and heating of
greenhouses, and descriptions of the most

suitable plants, with cultural directions.
65. 6d.

Greenhouse, The Book of the. By J. C. Tallack;
The work of a practical gardener. Illus-
trated by photographs. 4s.

Greenhouse, The: its Flowers and Management.
By H. H. Thomas. Freely illustrated
with photographs and sketches. ls. 9d.

Herbe, The Book of. By Lady Rosalind North-
cote. Plentifully illustrated. 4s.

Horticultural Directory, The. Containing much
useful information, including separate
directories of head gardeners, nurserymen
and seedsmen, sundriesmen, parks super-

intendents, horticultural and other
societies, etc., etc., all with complete
addresses. 1924 edition 2s.

Iris, The Book of the. By R. Irwin Lynch:
Every lover of the Iris should have
this book, which is the only one
obtainable at the price. 4s.

Lawns and Greens, their Formation and Manage-
ment. By T. W. Sanders. Contains full
particulars for the correct design and for-
mation of lawns for all purposes, and
numerous diagrams and illustrations.
4s. 6d.

Lilies. By A. Grove. A classic on this popular
subject, with eight coloured plates. 3s.

Lily, the Book of the. By the late W. Goldring.
Profusely illustrated by photographs. 4s.

Manuring, The Science and Practice of. By W.
Dyke. Revised and enlarged edition. A
most exhaustive work. 2s. 3d.

Market Gardening, French. By John Weathers.
An admirable work, which includes prac-
tical details of ‘‘ Intensive Cultivation '' for
English growers. Illustrated. 5s. 6d.

Market Gardening, The Book of. By R. Lewis
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To be obtained from—
. GARDENERS' CHRONICLE, LTD.,
5, Tavistook Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

xvi, = THE GARDENERS CHRO: VICLE. o — ws d C adno

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FOSTER E.A PEARSON, LIMITED,
BEESTON, NOTTS.

Have. been. ‘building - ‘Greenhbiunes i From 4541 ee
925,2 record. ob St years of sound constet 'ction.

— ከ.) l GOOD Goo alios: last others | da በ61.
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ii. | THE

‘SALES BY AUCTION.

WEDNESDAY NEXT, MAY 20th.

Auction Sale of a choice assortment T
BEDDING-OUT PLANTS

of the latest introductions, comprising

ANTIRRHINUMS in the newest varieties. Barly-
flowering CHRYSANTHEMUMS and VIOLAS all to
name, CARNATIONS, SWEET PEAS, ete.

CLEMATIS, flne;
ነ . Ala quantities of
GLARIOLI,: LILIES - in variety. BEGONIAS,
ANEMONES, and other Bulbs for present planting.
l ^ together with

BAYS, PALMS, ARAUCARIAS,

for decorative and exhibition purposes.

plants in pots.

ASPIDISTRAS, BOX TREES, and other
Plants from Belgium. |
"ESSRS. PROTHEROE & MORRIS,

- will sell the above at their SALE ROOMS,
67 & 68, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.C.?2
. Catalogues post free on application.

BUSINESSES FOR SALE.

O LANDSCAPE GARDENERS, Florists,

and others.—Suburban Nursery Business, estab-
nearly. 50 years; exceptional opening for landscape
gardeners: nearly 2 acres fully stocked, residence,
3 greenhouses, stabling and = packing shed; healthy
and popular suburb, close to railway station :
personally inspected and recommended. ለ of
PROTHEROE & MORRIS, 67, Cheapside, E.C.

UBREY & CO. Nurserymen's

06, Newgate Street, Landon, E.C.1, offer Small

Nurserymans', Fruit, Florists’, and Seed Business,

Oxfordshire. Large Shop and House, main street.

3-acre Garden. Glasshouse, Fruit trees, ete. Low rent
an Lease. Price, including Stock, only £240.

P. vs & CO. have a good selection of
Nurseries, Market Gardens, Fruit Farms, Poultry
Farms, and Small Holdings to offer. Applicants are
. invited to state their requirements.

Sa compact little Florist Nursery,
wel equipped, for £2,500, everything complete.—
Particulars: LORIST, Box 2, 5,

Covent Garden, W.C.2.

Agents,

Tavistock Street,

BUSINESS CARD.

AMES BACKHOUSE, F.LS.,, F.R.H.S.
e for many years Chairman of the late firm of James
Backhouse and Son, Limited, having retired from York,
offera his services as GARDEN CONSULTANT ; 30 years'
experience, specially in connection with Alpine and
Herbaceous Plants; advice given for Rock Garden

- construction and planting, also for permanent flower
borders, boundary plantations, etc.—Address for terms to

. Caer Fegla, Arthog, North Wales.

PARTNERSHIPS, FINANCIAL,
ዉሬ.

ANTED to purchase, a WORKING
PARTNERSHIP in a reliable Nursery and Florist
or Market Gardening business. Midland or N.-W. counties
preferred.—Reply, with full particulars, to L. P., Box 12,
5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2.

NOTICES.

AVE YOU PROVIDED? See United
Horticultural Benefit and Provident Society's
. Advertisement on Page xl.

EDINBURGH ROYAL BOTANIC GARDEN GUILD.
HE SECRETARY (pro lem .), A.

McCutcheon, would be pleased to receive the name
and address of anyone who has served in the Royal
Botanie Garden,

-ENTRIES CLOSE

Town Hall,

GARDENERS’

. EXHIBITIONS.

CHESTER

July 7th to 111ከ, 1925.

84TH ANNUAL EXHIBITION of Live STOCK,
Pouttry, Docs, AND Farm PnopucEÉE, HORSE
JUMPING.’ AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION, FORESTRY
AND HORTICULTURE.

HORTICULTURE

MAY 27th
(Live Stock Entries close May 1st).

Prize-Sheeta and Entry Forms will be forwarded
on application to:

T. B. TURNER, Secretary.

ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OF ENGLAND,
16, Bedford Square, London, W.C. 1.

TUNBRIDGE WELLS
FLOWER SHOW

IN CALVERLEY GROUNDS
JUNE 30th and JULY ist.

£200 in Prizes

(GUARANTEED)

For Schedules and all details :—

RUFUS T. LADE,
Hon. Secretary, Horticultural Society,
29, Hill View Road, Rusthall,
Tunbridge Wells.

= GUILDFORD AND DISTRICT
GARDENERS' ASSOCIATION

THIRD ANNUAL SHOW

WILL BE HELD IN

STOKE PARK, GUILDFORD

Wednesday, July 15th.

OPEN CLASSES. GOLD & SILVER MEDALS
FOR TRADE EXHIBITS.

Hon. Show Sec.: A. E. TYLECOTE,
“ Mansard,” Pilgrims Way, Guildford.

COUNTY BOROUGH OF STOKE-ON-TRENT

27th GREAT ANNUAL

FLORAL FETE
‘In HANLEY PARK,

WEDNESDAY and THURSDAY,
JULY Ist and. 2nd, 1925.
£500 1 in Prizes. Silver Cups.

Gold Zand Silver Medals.
Valuable Special Prizes.
New Classes.

Tents lighted with ሚየ

Schedules on - application to:

WM. POULSON,
Hanley.

Seeretary,

CHRONICLE.

. Gates, Catalogue G.C.

May 16, 1925,

PLANTS, &c., FOR SALE.

Small Classified Advertisements. Twenty words
(or three lines including headline) 48., and 1s.
for every succeeding eight words (or line or part
of a hne). Fee for having replies addressed to
this office, 18. Displayed advertisements, 8s.
per inch, or 108. facing editorial matter.

ERNS ! CALADIUMS ! !—-Begoniss, Palms

Crotons, Dracaenas, Gloxinias., Hydrangeas
Geranlums, Ericas, Lilies, Ferns and How to Grow
Them, by J. E. SMITH. 36 post free. — SMITH.
London Fern Nurseries. London, S.W. 9.

100, 00 LARG E GARDEN FERNS,

30- 100, variety: wanted 1,000
large ን aspidist ras for — p tees free.—
SMITH. Fernery, London, S.W.

ARE PHIMULA AND ALPINE SEEDS

from large (1500) collection, sold cheap; 15 free.—

REV. F. J. ANDERSON, Glenn Hall, Leicester.

IMALAYAN, Chinese, and other Rhodo-

dendrons on thelr own roots. Shrubs, Alpines,

and border Plants, Aquatics, Lillies, etc. Write for
Lists.-G. REUTHE, Keston, Kent.

OOTS and BULBS.—12 Delphiniums, large

blue. Splendid. worth L- each, 5- free:
Glorious Gladioli, 12 sorts named. 10 each colour,
130 for 10/-. List free—JESSE HANDSCOMBE,
Grower of Seeds and Plants, Feltham, Middlesex.

UTCH BULBS.—If you want good stuff

for not much money, send your orders to
A. P. VAN KESTEREN & SONS, Lisse, Holland.
Lowest prices. on application.

AULIFLOWER PLANTS.—Best autumn-
sown plantae Early London and Walcheren, 12/6
per 1,000: prompt delivery, carriage paid; cash with
order. Special quotation for large quantities, and price
list of all varieties of autumn-sown Cabbage Plants
(including Brussels Sprouts, etc.) grown from our famed
select stocks, at lowest prices, on application —JOHN
GILLIES, PRESTONPANS, LTD., Prestonpans, East
Lothian. Largest Cabbage Plant Growers in Britain.
Established over 50 years. Telegrams: “Plantes, Preston-
pans" Telephone: 24 Prestonpans.

SPARAGUS PLANTS.—Connover's Colossal

(2 years), 7/6 100; (3 years) 10'- per 100;

packing and carriage, 2/- 100 extra.—JOHN PERKINS
AND SON, 52, Market Square, Northampton.

LEARANCE, Overstock.—Gladiolus flower-
ing Bulbs, 25 sorts, 8/- 100; Lilium longiflorum
giganteum, 50/- 100; Cyclamen’ Neapolitanum, 3-,
Pancratum maritimum, 3/- doz.—MORLE & CO., LTD.,
150-156, Finchley Road, N.W.

EDDING Plants.—Extra fine Geraniums,

Chrysanthemums, Asters, Begonias, Lobelias,

Pansies, Violas, and all others ; list free.—MORLE & CO.,
LTD., as above.

MISCELLANEOUS.

RON AND WIRE FENCING for Gardens,

Ornamental Iron and Wire work of every
description. Catalogues G.C. 156; Iron Fencing and
Tree Guards, Catalogue G.C. 65; Wood and Iron
163 ; Kennel Railing, Catalogue
G.C. 86; Poultry Fencing, Catalogue G.C. 70. Ask for
separate lists. BOULTON & PAUL, LTD., Norwich.

IRDS’ BATHS, Sundials, Vases, Statuary,
Birds’ E Boxes, etc.—Catalogue (No. 3)
free.—MOORTON, 60 , Buckingham Palace Road, S.W. 1.

rectangular

FONE PAVING.—Crazy and
t Grit

J York Garden Paving, Copings, Steps, etc.,
and other Rocks for Rock Gardens; Flat Stone
Rubble for “Dry” Walls. Nottingham Marl. Large
or small quantities carriage paid to any Railway
Station in England.—HODSON & SONS, LTD.
Castlegate, Nottingham,

AR UEA BR p Auer

ኝ Er M —— — *

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SERE Eo E BUSES E esiingis - Hep.

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an HOT WATER. BOILE 589869 Aurigost
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GARDEN NETS

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x ie sieges iran ravages. of bi

28853 75 Ba: * PEs $08. 3h by. # 125. Ba.
Gu bv 1s. 8188 qu.

FER ER ZUM AF nda now : Sar oa P 5
5 ይ utr Torone vs Eels ae — = are. particular ly invited |

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l የገን ^ done nhe. 295 mW qu. አ
— t WAT, EXIT. Posee : üsmbrtles —

~ PHOSPHATE. OF AMMONIA
PHOSPHATE OF POTASH -

Vey oonventrated.. specially. antitgble tor
high-class Gardening: Fertiligors. .

Penny & HOPE, Ltd. Mishal ur. Gier

40 at entrance i Lecture - Ten.

vum XAIBITED. BY

x RAVER: (Sure — ው S ipia - — - * t
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‘ane 811/18... ouse Gont- Ario i s 2 quet on: ra Knap Hil Nursery, Woking, Surrey

lS e NIN OR -
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እ ጋር Gau 81464 into trams, ru p^ eu. br መ down, BAR.

EY 3 wettia $ ከ9. dud. white. aurias: 68
| wi —— ponp 856 water, Mew

Beek E —

ሸ6:5 |
lug. | Weed a Af:
DR n n ቿ፡ 38 vA y 735 ፦ Ai per dossa i
- "9, ፍን ; ሽህዛቴ Far — phadio Y s) J 68. que Hosen. ICD IW ና መረ
፡ Ai, A) y ; —
Tenge ny ^ Wohohstale trm. ail Hortatur .Sundrissmen, Dd Rotel) ርክ ii:

leading Sesdamen, Nurserymén,

“Eliin: w —— xod. ‘chase: isi:
Many: Rare, and Choice. Varieties.

sm AND GREENBOUSE PLANTS OF —

Kindly tend. for. ——

y J— — ARSC
yi E a —
P F NT i 35

FTN ኃ E Y

HL Hortibüliil |
r — Builder,

—— — — iita |
» MEUS nul F REDNI.

Yoa can — — witk ንን ደ dear de. —
፳= drives, eic. ብ do it quickty: with. the -weedbslier |
1 365. Bento * Highly Commended” chr dhe. Royal

- Horticultural’ Society... 3 5

COOPER'S

: _MEEDICIDE

YN ES price’ 91.) dilute ie 100 59. water: tha cout ‘of ike ——
Sans weedkilling: መጋት is, therefore, just ‘ever 14. oer Gallon.

HERCULEAN-
Sal tia to- tasks 1241 gale 12/9;

KP ABSOLUTELY. TEATHEAPRODT. ንታ
| FOR noses, ROOK. ብልጀርዐ፪85 ABD AERBADEOUS 698558...

; young plants, properly’ selected. and packed.
55:2: expert, 5961, her, Atrique: collecting: of. “over |

* 55; — Salla ይዘክ E

- £ Y
a s አለው ለከ አስ አ አ፡ ሲስ vean ew “oe «Pv tav <

- ከዩክርቪቪዴላክ LIQUID WEEDKILLER | z
» equally. bfhetent but halt she urength (1250: parts ein: m $

tgal. 3/9; ያ ral, Che 2ፀ6/፡. 70/6.

POWDER WEEDKILLER . CER
. Mediam ise te make 4 |
| Large size ta aike 106 galls. ያ፪፦.. ነ

527 [ሙኔ as ide (43d ias Vip vy sent .. d

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XYIOLETS

FÜR: BER. ROCK. አጸክዐርጸ5 Ann. AATURALIZIMA. -
Miss: BTA

፡'ጆዌ. varieties: |

4ብ#ኾዬ —

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— fn 88፡18 — pert: CM. Te aao

| ቨ-ከዘዘ፤ pem WEED KILLER

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| mote MS ali | Nérieeysuen. Seedemen and Florist. Es

MON-FOIBOMOUS

| vor ‘PEAOHES, ‘CARNATIONS, CubUMEERE, “wines, ‘Ere
br. 4 Hake 1.ሀ8 5055 —
i)

Rims: NAT ፪

| FOWLERS' LAWN 888 AND FERTILIZER —

The. Origisatac sf. Lawn Sands -

eran * rel 'ዌቴ፤.ናዩእኛ: greed.
ስወ dy la erm enityrte

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— ርክ qeu Grit fat at ieant he Cantey D The beat
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.8።4ከ(6ሁ the Gravel. Ituniense Sav ing in Labour.

Y P Gud eo Fuer 45: a - ay
UM SE ረይ i 160 Gaus tS ኣር. ;
A — e icf re "ue? oaths

$37 (t: e 44,

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at

— ices ol the bote ii "E
‘please — 1. te Weed Hiller’ |. "1 "e. es 2 |
Hu EFE os he Memed
the nr E gallon. 4

mixed with th 50 gations of Natr wim
cover ot from tia 16 500 ; —

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READING,

NEW. ILLUSTRATED.
GA TALOG u E FREE.

fus viy ፥ ‘ "ind
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— | The e እየታ ‘CRAWLEY.

(o nok beaded we aes

Deatrors: el 'obuorloüs- weeds,” "and. Trokut the: grass. ፍቿ
du gears ——

Ma eae E HE GA RDENERN COHRONICLES. .-. NE:

THE NEW LIGHT WEIGHT. SIDE-WHEEL:

"PENNSYLVANIA " MOTO-MOWER |

CUTTING: WIDTH. :2፲ INCHES:

WILLIS BROS.

Garden Fertiliser

NO. — MANURE “REQUIRED,
| For dizejig in nr 23 5 Lop. "dressing. -
Kircher Gardens: or dlerbareous- Borders. ጊል
AK éwt:; 45. $- CN, 8'-:- 28: Tos, B ቋች ጋች,

. The Easiest and most ተ
Economical Machine $ Ba
for Public Parks %

ሰ Bett ton: AUE sirige Part. nee 5 E

KE ን ሊር EAEE ነ ድ ES orts Grounds ANB
“LAWN SAND AND DAISY puite ~ ቸው D

This prisswetion wil be found very ettecfive for thick. Cricket Fields, Tennis |

estoy Ui. ward anil ehriraging eir — ete ee
* — quies. wd. ather. awnedg o trot címe Coti, ete ;

4 Saw :
et gt Eur is Lig evt ans 4n Carriage Paid. |

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: z —

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4. ርቨ!., Bal; $0 10s; 4 - au evi t 18: 3. ton, ne:
AY Canopy aids an 2s ERE “መ አፈ da ፪፻.

Special prices aated fone irasi ኝ፤ህቨ11(፻ሶጻ" iot Park Land, t

— -‹ —

— — — —

xtti zie egerit rrr —

| : NETS: NETSE - ዘ፲5!!! |!
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፡ Jerry Bens, tU. eS YU. DIE b) x A yas.) 27/8. - 4
"d : Candagr Ped. - — ur UE | ው E A 5 ITA |
d mow Matting, p var እ” xquare 18838 6 on dE S. 3 ር Veg M
, Samples aud prices: om palin Qt: E I NM TUAM) “መ — - tones eh tt He m cmm e m sa nnd mra ይ ከ ወ መሙ ei ea መው — — -፡ THE *
tarred Tannix Stop Weiting, prices e (1 appli qoi: at — porticalars from ቀር
Maier ets. 1፳% 15:.:8/8 8ዩ፤ = a 050 vd]. LLOYDS ፪ ii (a iw wi) » LTD, PENNSYLVANIA WORKS, LETCHWORTH ረ
, * b
"GREENHOUSÉ BLINDS. cO ES ፡ | —
aaie am bi: 62: sire from spor! quality. white — 4 ላ
material. Bigot all rónnd ard down renüre for strength 3 ያር :
with stt, webbing, ready ty fix; Df. comtuie ye with

Ballers att Fittings r sul Extra. Cosb. ^ |
Estinigias, ata kiemai ikona an: applic ation:

GARDEN SUPPLIER AT LOWEST "PRICES.

Writs Jet at Ratet Ganla Alanurte and Borticiltirdt
Sundries ^ eres n ales.

WILLIS Bros. : (HARUEN DEN) » Ltd. "EH

AREER BED HERTS.

፡::. embo
| «WIRE TENSION”
ee

— Tor. Catalogue.

inon e FRAME FLAT GLASS SEE - ዐህጽ EXHI. T AAT i a
* ROOF: PAINTING NO PUTTY | FOLLOWING — OWS s c

, PHOSPHOR BRONZE CLIPS -.- Biesen. Fiewer, Show . - Yn PE May toth: 296
— Samorset Show—Waston :Büper "Macs ~ "May 151ከ-215!

| SKINNER -BOARD A 06. 1 and West 8ከ6ሆ--33168(288 - Way 281ኮ-ሀ989 Ind - ፡
| GREENHOUSE Æ HEATING SPECIALISTS, This tese v ae E ese 3
| B R ፪ sTo — , ከ8589 Stew--Chester U Te 6 Tini. id ees

Ww ` 4 VA ጾፓ- I
E g Av TEN Eine ASTA ner
ኤዊ —— —

pam ten —
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THE. BEST AND.
::- CHEAPEST.

SPECIAL POTS
oo የዐሞ Roses Vimex.
Mo. lema: ‘Oreo ts, xnd.
E | Chryants themis, vd 4

M Faicy Forn: Paps and
Hy o0 Balb: Bowl, i^ td
frei: gd, each; i

BSS ‘Ne Waiting!
2e) AM ‘Ordeey. 55፡54.
OO ከድ asimes day ia
reosived.

| GARDEN NETA -For Fruit bons ae |
f ይደን longtha and widths: Corded alroand. ]
Neni ies = pear. 34. w. yard :
ፎፃና---፤ ፻ቬ- sq. aw sedium § d WEST | fa
New pia sa ር Wehr o BE 3. 7
Now. in sg , በበ ? He Se A
^ Repaired.--: 1w. sd: qmehs 3496: nu. '.1
| Kepaired.— (not. corded) t 46. ር ው ie
“ተ. Meth, ol- per ipo square yards. | —4
` NEW TENNIS BOUNDARY NETS. — 1| |.
j Asriengibrenà widths. Corüed al rownd. ATAY
76 ——— መ. |
Various —— from: — te a ah,
| “NETS FOR ALL PURPOSES. ..
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“ግባም

: FERTILISE -

e UR saiae — “Or. Cab your.
... -12809፳9-፤19 the: garden will be’.
:::::::-- wasted: ‘Plants. must have 4
..... Nitmagen, and the best form ዓፍ.
— ia Nitrate of Sodaincoüjunc- 4.
i, Gee mem. d peu የአ በቢ f We

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— APERON መ ደዘ EO. vo —

5(814- pvaniity of ጩስከ 3959 ፳፪

tian nutacturera. — have Darriage Paid 9995134758), or With
“Sor Ulustreted Price "rut.

AD || “የና son አገ.

cae —— or B: 5047. %.80ሀይ-7. BULWELL, NOTTINGHAM.

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. May 16, 1995.

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY’S

GREAT SPRING FLOWER SHOW

.TO BE HELD IN THE

ROYAL HOSPITAL GARDENS, CHELSEA, LONDON, S.W.
On KAY 19, 20, 21, 22, and 23.

The Ranelagh Gardens adjoining the Show ground will be open
to visitors and provide a resting place for those who wish to sit
in the shade or to meet their friends. The Band of the Royal
Artillery will play in these Gardens each afternoon.

ALL FELLOWS OF THE SOCIETY ARE ADMITTED FREE

on presentation of their Tickets.

PRICES OF ADMISSION TO NON-FELLOWS:

Tuesday May 19 2 to 7. p.n. 10/- Thursday May 21 9 am. to 7 p.m. 2/8
Wednesday » 20 9Yam.to7pm. 5j. Friday » 22 9am. to7 p.m. 2/6
Saturday May 23 9am. to 5 p.m. 1/-

(Show closes at 5 p.m.)
AN €

His exhibit at Chelsea next week will be staged in the

ORCHID TENT

Please do. not miss it.

QNA

' V
7 ጎ
» e

A choice array of Greenhouse Flowering ‘and Foliage Plants.

In attendance, Peeds’ Representatives from all parts of the country.

JOHN PEED & SON

SEEDSMEN' AND’ NURSERY MEN BY APPOINTMENT TO HIS MAJESTY THE KING

WEST NORWOOD, LONDON.

May 16, 1925.

(6 — Chronicle

No. 2003.—SATURDAY, MAY 16, 1925.

— —

Societies—
Fédération Horticole
Professionnelle 1ኬ-

“ Gardeners’ Chronicle”
seventy-five years ago 331

CONTENTS.
Allotment Holders’ Parks and gardens,
Congress rs ... 329 public ... * .. 330
Annuals for conser- Plant notes u 2, 339
vatory and green- s in
house decoration... 338 | Plants n w or note-
Browallia. romance. of worthy—
the genus 2: 3331 Rhododendron iis
Druce, Dr. G. Claridge 330 bile ... — 337
Edinburgh Botanic Gar- — Rhododendron Tyer-
den's Guild... ... 330 mani M ኤ
Florists’ flowers— Rose garden, the—
The Pansy ... 531 Rosa Fargesii.. .. 344
n garden, the mar- * Rose White Ensign... 333
7 |
n ange — — _ternationale... — ... ie
Dianthus Atkinsonii 33N , ከ ከ. uhi ss. e
Some spring flowers 338 : , Pa i
Thalictrum anemon- Trees and shrubs—
oides ... 338, Rhododendrons of the

Lapponionm series 335

Tulip notes—

Lectures at the “Roy: al
F

Institution, Mr.

Kingdon Ward ... 320 Early flowers in cool
Long Ashton. annual | houses es ... 336
tasting-day at ... D30 Tulip. some species of 336
Obituary — . Vegetable garden—
Pinches, Richard... 343 Savoy Cabbage ... MU
Orchid notes and Week's work, the ... 332
gleanings— | Welsh warden, notes
Coelogyne Mooreana 338 ፤ from 8 ... vu ... M
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Anemone hortensis var, Blue Gown F — uM
Cabbage. Savoy. Dodonacus drawing of ... ናች ... MU
Druce, Dr. G. ( ‘laridge, portrait of.. — ... 330
E rvthronium revolutum var, White Be auty aM" ... XM
Rhododendron sperabile, 337; R. Tyermanii ... a. 3345
Rose White Ensign Zee | das Jade es ርመራ Cae

NUPPLEMENTARY PLATE.
Garden. House at Sedgwick Park. Horsham.

AVERAGE MEAN TEMPERATURE for the ensuing week
deducted from observations during the last fifty
years at Greenwich, 542",

ACTUAL TEMPERATURE—

The Gardeners’ Chronicle Office, Tavistock Street.
Covent Garden. London, Wednesday May 13,
10 a.m. Bar. 303, temp. 60°. Weather, Sunny.

Apart from their interest to
Mr. F. Kingdon explorers, botanists and gar-

Ward's deners, the two lectures
Lectures at the recently given by Mr. F.
Royal Kingdon Ward at the Royal
Institution. |nstitution, on the romance

of plant hunting and parti-
cularly of plant hunting ''on the roof of the
world," were chiefly remarkable for the
unusual quality of the many photographs
shown on the screen. Of late years,
pictorial photography has reached a high
level of excellence, and as with Dr.
McGovern's story of his perilous journey
to Lhasa, and the account of the Everest

expedition, Mr. Kingdon Ward's pictures,
taken under almost insuperable difficul-
ties, add much to the value and interest

of such work. Apart, too, from the valu-
able records such pictures furnish, they
have the supreme merit tnat, better than the
spoken or written word, they enable stay-at-
home folk to realise the grandeur and vast-
ness of the remote regions of the world,
and especially in this case, the prodigal wealth
of tree and plant life found there. Those who
have followed Mr. Kingdon Ward's footsteps
as recorded in the columns of The
Gardeners’ Chronicle, will remember that in
his expedition of last year, he struck new
ground at the eastern end of the Himalayas
approaching his objective along the course of
the Tsanpo river for about two hundred miles
westwards from the point where the trade
route from India to Lhasa crosses the river
north of Gvangtse. From the time the
Indian frontier was crossed till the explorer

THE GARDENERS’

returned, the expedition was on Tibetan soil,
and in view of the difficulties known to have
been experienced in other directions in
obtaining sanction for exploration in parts
of the country, it says much for the staff
work of Mr. Kingdon Ward’s expedition that
he received official sanction for it from the
governments concerned. It is to be hoped
that, the ice having apparently been broken,
the way may be made easier than hitherto for
all explorers ; their number can hardly be
considerable. From an explorer’s point of
view, the c/ou of Mr. Kingdon Ward's lectures
was his description of the huge gorge, about
ninety miles long, which the Tsanpo has cut
for itself to a depth of nearly ten thousand
feet through the Himalayas, south eastward
from about the point where the 94^ and 30°
lines intersect. On each side of this gorge
and but fourteen miles apart, a vast mountain
range towers up to the eternal snows, and
between them the flora is as diverse as it is
beautiful. Sometimes the gorge itself 15
narrowed to à width of only sixty yards,
with precipitous rockv banks from one to two
thousand feet high, and through such bottle
necks the confined waters of the river—

normally a third-of-a-mile wide-—rush in a
raging, boiling torrent. Such places make

the actual passage of the Tsanpo impossible
for anvthing but a cork, and travellers must
perforce take to the mountain paths,
coming down to the river where the banks
permit. The vegetation is so dense that
nearly
transit of the gorge, and plant collecting was
rendered more difficult by the high winds
which spring up daily at about eleven o'clock
and continue till dusk. If to that is added
the consistently wet weather of May, June,
and July, it is clear that plant collecting in
the Tsanpo gorge is no child's play. As vet
it is too early to gauge the results of the
expedition for botanv and horticulture, but,

some measure, Mr. kingdon Ward's dis-
coveries may be of assistance in the elucidation
of the long-debated relation of the flora of
the eastern end of the Himalaya to that of
the mountainous region of western China.
Meanwhile, there is plenty for botanists and
gardeners to be going on with, for among the
genus Primula alone, Mr. Kingdon Ward
made some astonishing '' finds." One species,
which he regards as a Tibetian represen-
tative of the Himalayan P. sikkimensis,
grows over four feet high, with upwards of a
hundred fragrant, orange-coloured blooms,
and, more remarkable still, was always
found growing in running water, sometimes
so thickly as to partially block the stream.
Fragrance is a quality not too noticeably
perceptible in Primroses as a genus, but
among the Tibetan species there was another
of the P. sikkimensis type with lemon-tinted
flowers which scented the air for some
distance. Equally astonishing is a beautiful
fragrant, ivory-white-flowered Meconopsis,
so rare that only seven specimens were seen
and but one or twoseeds collected. Meconopsis
provided another surprise in a perennial
species, found growing only in woods, and
as it comes from comparatively moderate
altitudes, Mr. Kingdon Ward thinks it may
prove amenable to cultivation; the flowers
are sky-blue. Fragrance seems to be a
characteristic of Tsanpo plants, for Mr.
Kingdon Ward found a sweetly-scented Lily

of the Martagon section, and fragrant
Rhododendrons. One of the lecturer's photo-
graphs showed a mountain-side covered,

Heather fashion, with a dwarf, scarlet-Howered
Rhododendron species, and many other
Rhododendrons were gathered into. the

CHRONICLE. —

three weeks were occupied in the `

329

explorer's net. One of these was a mag-
nificent species with blooms of an orange tint
and foliage of metallic blue-green, presumably
not unlike that of R. aeruginosum. Among
a heterogenous collection, Gentians, Lilies
and Nomocharis are well represented in the.
explorer’s discoveries, and it is to be hoped
that some of these may show their quality
during the next few years.

Our Supplementary Plate.—Garden houses or
tea houses arc desirable is every large garden,
and, fortunately, ther» is room for an
infinite variety of design and construction so
they need not offend the eye no matter
what the style of the garden may be. In

the Supplementary Plate accompanying the
present issue a delightful garden house is
depicted, composed of stone and recessed in

a peculiar fashion. This garden house is at
Sedgwick Park, Horsham, the residence of
Mrs. E. C. Henderson, and, while wonderfully
sheltered by formal hedges, it commands
views of a part of the garden devoted to
Irises and other early-flowcring plants.

Allotment Holders Congress.—Members of
the Cabinet and representatives of many
countries will be among those attending the

annual congress of the National Union of
Allotment Holders at Caxton Hall, West-

minster, on May 30th, when Mr. D. P. Collins,
of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway,
will be elected, unopposed, as President.
The National Union is believed to be the
largest organisation of the kind in the world,

and the L.M.S. Federation is the largest
society in Great Bata in, having 13,000
members. Mr. Collins" who was born and

bred in the shadow of Euston Station, is
chief clerk in the goods' rates office.

William L. Schaffer Memorial Medal.—Tho
Pennsylvania Horticultural Society has insti-
tuted a medal, struck in gold, in honour
of William L. Schaffer, President of the
Society from 1867 until 1883. He financed
the building of the first horticultural hall in
Philadelphia, and when this hall was
destroyed by fire rebuilt it and placed it at
the disposal of the society as heretofore.
He was a member of the Pennsylvanie
Horticultural Society for thirty-four years,
and his entire estate, which he bequeathed
to his sister, was left by that lady in trust
for the benefit of the Pennsylvania Horti
cultural Society. Mr. James Boyd is the
recipient of the first Medal. Mr. Boyd has
been President of the Society since 1918.

Kew Guild.—The Annual General Meeting
of the Kew Guild will be held at the Imperial
Hotel, Russell Square, London, W.C.1, on
Wednesday, May 20, at 6 p.m. The President.
elect of the Guild, Mr. William Dallimore,
will preside at the Annual Dinner, followirg
the General Meeting, at 7.15 p.m.

Centenary of Huxley.
of the birth of Thomas Henry Huxley on
May 4, a special supplement of fifty-five plete
was published by Nature in the issue for
May 9. The Supplement includes articles on
the famous scientist by authorities in almost
all the domains of science. Those by Sir
W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, Prof. F. O. Bower,
Prof. S. H. Vines and Mr. W. Bateson,
F.R.S., are especially interesting from a
botanical aspect, for they show the great
influence of Huxley at a time when zoology
and botany were making rapid progress.
Sir W. T. Thiselton-Dyer's article entitled,
* Plant Biology in the Seventies," is especially
interesting to gardeners, for it contains an
account of Sir William's earlier career,
leading up to the time when he was appointed
Assistant-Director of Kew, and he shows
that Huxley's first love was botany, and
that it was the subject of his first prize.
Huxley attended Lindley’s lectures: at. the
Chelsea Botanie Gardens and won another
prize, a Gold Medal, offered. for competition

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eonditians Par- the: “planta. ~

oo ጅክ6ዮቦ fe c4: wbtdn- af atur. "whieli |
፲፻. ፲ከ፡ seedlings are thinned to- very - 5871#፡ awargi, ፡- Bown atthe- pi s
about. hint-iuehpd. mpart. hey may remain pum time thea planta: onpmienga - 9. Hower - duritie. :
the’ peed -bed - 507 4 “transtorred ; de their. fn«l the autumur mod. vor inu tu Blog: ire .፡..
positions, .- "OPE AS d the: winter, ent: ering "MeV matkin —

SERA. ere ህክ. tronkilesomie to thew: e Meg — — —

/!ነ፡ሶ
TSA | A
VNDE

/ 4
^

^o bae. giasséd os foserin,

oti —

^

| "Ben ; — zB

A planta: wi dE.

i spended. —
ou fbauld. We
DATUM mese Ds

ii f feris 1
oiski >

TA reruprknble T2 de:
6 Tlawers:.: On: ight, sapdy sails; Pin tare pias
‘r MOM 18 ‘this. part: ae Burrey, - qood. "ultivatenm.: Ke:

PA oeCGssSaty - ME brig: Hemd porter: tion, 1፡0

D spring. :-
; milomity- of. ‘colour = these
(divided and” grouped: in <c "letus.
2 done ca
12 diate

—* i

CONGR. :
dine. PERAN division: ig. p

O5 AME e
i t; Re GE ty earlier. pride ot.
.:. plats- dt i

cd inp far p. PERUANO
M AER, OET Th n 2 3661 f *- pE: a pane
at ከ3 ል da 3ከ6

- በዝህቨሮርቧ::46. dnnke new: ን they are 4160.
showing: Tenya ቲቢና 1 at - 1ከ6- ፲9018.
i ከ6. hout —

— dec arenis.

di Bo davor. io

44986.

— ት
byt,

E Spbagnim moss
Sti SR 258፡፡. Tusk:wndd.
il ት

Aeur-
pu —

aho

tty 3. aba mit iu ን ንክ ክው “gate:
— VET —

dile dU the! re

Posting’. taatiriate hod he taker feom
between. the- routs, «i vil afterwards: ^al ena.
pottions xvashed By thia ià T: MOST (C eyeing gu
Then ült thé- phos win

ነ. ብ PAGER
this mew eómppedt, 889. isl sie a
'6ሸ--ር]16ቁ. hends of-* un j

müffaer. Plats: Growing 2

ragistire, - d oe ፡

shy emnperatitee: | fro y ini.

tinni : Atmosphotis © while: hee die hdd Re
afforded : 6፡- all favourable’ - Onions —Pe

grows ‘equally: ayait mather. :
othe: plage:
“Prom. dre
pedo 896

“placed: au [Ht déverten - rots OT.

yout rafters “They

" "I ት #2. < du "eM *
ርና መይ — * ግም j eG

JTHE FLOWER GARDEN. a * =

ር We. AY 70%. Gardener. to: 48፻0፻8% Tu EDEN,
..... Pyrin Court,’ Woking; Biter.
- Pelyantbos.. Althonia- ane of. Sha "iei
garde plants the. Atolymithuses
mast. ‹ከበበህህር- :በህባ|% | during: dns;
SIG ahis: ^y gat - they hive - ከ6፡ል..
Wealth phil zs 8. nir:

“apeina

Aha. whnorinal ~

.81፡))8፡1፡)ሀ688:. '"“ the: i —
166ፅ- sien Mo: ubt

the c plientee —
thes ፡ oresimune 7 l

Er rais plants“ Friii Pn

.. ተ. Wem. Jet: S 866 d GE 4

* packet nt Seda ut the en i a imn ne ና.

y de — produca’ pias ob a Varinty.
(UE alike” whith

AY. lere a “hedge - schemes ENSE

i tally: 84. Hi presento bius Dt imm
|| Hee C " 1185
1 ዘሩ iiyn - 6110981198 die

Sails
JOE A uk une ; URS e

pataa:
ber ** ሰነ

p

rity
-Dist Andis: baugi-
penod. and. tome :
EI Sark 11. 86816 -
hiec
at ae
1; POT dine xen: thé large." beds ob this

i 38.

። — 35- ee ና
* quantity ~ DE
in not ORE ec;
Pe 1 ue dut án: abort- men a i 69. 1

MS HM

were
e E “the: *
Eos ቴ '

4 blado: pE a thin oe
éceptacle- 38 sour; ህህ: TARUN

whei *

"he Res aa “be.

1 Chri 1. ab tal Browsing,

> 990ህ86. በየ [rabt
'በኳቤኛ.
their ‘bulbs. Tritonia - Prnér. e^ ‘Orange witht.

: ulhs

will ብጪ ነጭ the: dag 5.
* a I T
We sukhi 8:62. 'ዜ dull: periodi And, the planta,”
E- oua be እክብ for. eater, wt Jeary dhreet
ጊዜና:
“passal: — He

በ0589) F

ሀ 4 RDE NE ky :

ፍፍ.

I ተ ats xot:

ላ a Serien ta pou
qu 04:8: hes plants: rapidly አ alter:
.1ሠ. 8960. your; Shorti partially. Aedan-

i poset vegetable: “Satta, “agen ክል that: ‘abtained: | |
tron 146. mw ings | and denaves turmented: Ants
ML E HH. la ce ከ61. makehe, 8441. de emily

:. Applen, — A YS
— Zo P | ratte cha ብበ: ub ur
Nadal "Pelargeniuet tas ከ80: io Code -

place M inther.
ቹ ari. Ory largely grown. Hong
duc iewi Yarietios, | dn. the sammer. ‘bd ing ©
sehen: 98. proved . Ay ihe dmzweüse - miiabet: -
E gss prol dór salé Om. othe atigi.
Panl Crampel js ane
ut 'ኸክር- fest: Watisties: aud dopo net:
OP oer TARGA- SEOBE ‘Sunnak wv hea tear.

Those
ኮለነል: pae

GER 986 uS Buckinghun |
plant: hek- saronthing ane

i 1ከ0ኪ - ihe P

ከ a blaze በ? volout. over 4. dang: pando
167 tee extremely: Valayble.- King: eX. Denmark .
Considered. c Me "eonmter part: jn. ‘pink ^

“beatiful ^ shade ec -saltuon-pink. EE
116819 . Dr 3[ዜበ፻፻: "beds pr 3
Bebirgon den 06: essentially: dry weather

* ነ, very. ;

ps — ^ — eee E

PANTS: UNDER: GLASS.

‘ae d T.Crank, Gardener to Sit-Coke Sin book
| Hotronb, Westonbirt, ‘Tefbury,- Glornrestachin.

Souvenir: de ኤኬ Malmaison | UM KL.

Jin ohije uwerttie- pend. ከር. | planta -
ከን E aS GRE am:

ህክ 43 d

shona bo-aftordisl cacconnieduütiog 18. a boues
whieh de. "provided. seit. snin-blindss. for, ides.
thes 1ህ8፡፡ር፳. expand. they: sihould - de haa

de dunia . uut. adio: BERI os D s planté — 5 ering” freely. “Attend: :
3181090614. - "Pho hütiace- nas be ota the: disbuddiup- and. saline eic "ter
60 prayer ላዛ - ads At order - ‘to — And 194 - then. —— weak >
cs: “ONE green dud: dualthy. — BE plants. "diquid^ manire md ጩብክ jan “onvrsional -

ve rab bed fret tes — 481914 ey $: apnea: T Plants . nieed. -

hat rere layers bat —— XE How growing `

An c; jnofi- pets. chay ing sheen: grew under.

5 Be molest. premade -- Deonditiotis, * ክዛ] |

: qieoviike - “flowers dt. Wuceessign 18 "adis drom

— 65116: planta Kee As sharp watii for".

$ A FS dn Ry — dun Fag else PA Sai 98. He
dire appdaranes: “oper MERE: HORNS Mao ad
S Mie “hopelessly sp ik —

` Bulbous | Pianis, Tba . TE “Hower
BOA Fiom. ጊጩ henaltas,
AU. ettari: 8ህ. Senn -. je ከር.
TENA Ja Jae. — የ ith

some T ehe ler n ብ en? ag
oponon near ie Ahi- "rauf. ran 36:
38. FPE aiiin., EE tliey

Ufo thoroughly E: paturi:

de “enabled:
its prettig prange- red Rowers, forms a valuabkc:
ndditipn | fo 4ho.^sprifig-ficwerng,. "pav rwr ; :
Given the treatment’ Suggested. 8,940...
ufter. flowering, the bulbs will inereAse in’

St and in: numbers, aud fhe: taajority: p ms
38ኛ 1.
ው. mu

be “relied - iyon. ta Hower A o;

78008. UNDER. GLASS.

e E | በዝይህ ‘Gardener ከ7. Maapn : doe 13.

Wormiles. “Bary, Prostorne, 89፻ፎ‹.-..
"Strawbirriess The. datos butelies « ‘age
‘Straw berries. growing., ƏD: “ahelik DAE the.
sagt -gligia 7 ovile Teg uire.. E —— ef
“especially. unig a^ weight: Apel: Af

“poh”

: በ785. “Peed. hie TOWER: with. — “REAK.
11961. banus. Hires (times. 9 week until the
cfrüd bogus 16. "Dir. eolour cc funr. Againat

SRI ved. dide. whet, ES brad. —

ድዳም

4 cure

CHRONICLR.

: de i dence: na Mae pianta ዘመ los zg

3 AA x vM "fupe A
"sb. - her well”

‘shade ^ ri

ehserfüb about it aod. dato for pros

iss also a pood vaty Pi de large: mtb
Y | አበር ኝ ጽር Home ከ988 yigorouá - vanop,

WARA S

i Af. pede
plats dud Frequently (rivo. in Bons i
(HAMM bri. ree mund suffer: * t

x vonrilatien deust Be: dien,

d ከይ lite to paven burrüng and — ae
Phe s varbcet o E ihe. waiye: *

arenis. : "nellises. for: büddmge 8

* Hc iiuen Auaha

considermiant, the: | Riego his shomd hë: Dunne
caneret:

——

become leg at the ots: The p
be: ieytingad 1፲ር6:. Had. ast) yn

ECR CRO. to pen. 1፪፲ ከዛ DH s penes. ET
Hungate the hause. Tightly” hefara: de ፡ frais pa
18፡98... TE the plants that Haec bem : ieee:
aired for planting .ouk vay: hose
walered dint dus: ከ16. 15, ready
far: Fecerwing: tem.) d these force Straw. ላች
Cherik ዕጨ planted ~ omni “they aneti c
ive a POR of finite. 18: ዝብ Sit aren du^
Aes ‹ኳክሶ 9፻ Die garliest. fo? wd planter mA,
HOU Vigablé 16 remove: thes flier. dpikem y
hes. roig. ዛፍከ፤:ከ “Panniers dre ዜብ. hie. iier n

ህይ nel: D her fne. nd: hes: Tie ned
mus. ተነስ ቀ ኖህ ያ አሰፈ EY Bad 28 2
Beaches. አኤ]. Nec 'ctarin — iif Hades ፡።

ለች oe tures: feéquire | “ሸለ Eat iene: |
"Dishudding 886. ::/84ኮ the young bone =
Saada he dana às. apatckly 793 4971111669 ie
10. ከአር: (ሐቁ: amuking . 28810. ፣ ጀየ6%፤፡
allowed. To reweh '1ከቦ: Touf'atbàen . ditor ios y
OATéc i many shoots. qu&y be roten, enr.
“Spiel! lié shape ind tie i 86. Spona: BAUM S.
“hos —— M Ud the’ ire. wt
quor hah ee ዘህ fp Haven eil. bie
Wifermgr- — — KURA 3,417
“thoroughly. waite Ane dotate ዘ 8.
.?ባ፡ዘ]፡የ። have. Jeen trohe
qirvious ወጹ: vate 4ከሯ Voc adowdy ` fv
OH présenec; 480 "dust. thg cleaves wil He
E — 8691. George te, MAN SAE
Jeéputit'- to. ዝህበከጁ . 86. - «(086 houses. "m |
sated J 1፡ pfe. en
ኣርዩ. በዚ. Aus tees. 482...

IVRE: (11. dcaudhits, c 5

. ven phente 9፻ water. just. arid Ahe "sient:
“This is overioeker : ;&onretimes- ANM c Axwiniting
"beers: Ht የየ81ቨ. pate.

1 ab ቭ ከ ls

Vee: dk Hedin. fire

“rent: hiring esia dam. when — i

De cd A ኣፌ tC AW 4 vd

E d dun éste t T E Sii Éa 8.
l SS Or iy Bicis. = — NR
Misa 68 | Walls. -ሏ! ue = dimi X ines Mae |

"grown extensively: [8 the’ open, 1፲ጠርኤኩ Ape |

Hears, Xheir- nultivation., 'tr'üt-of «daora- hos: ከ868ዛ

largely. discontinued.. “äride Teisp TADH

- በ15989የስ6 qo: [ሀዘ ከርበ! 8 > Hardly vires, E

Eu ጀ[8ን 8. 19. the Sautlisteestern-- enmity

Rauatly- QR fhe: nid. "edu gus. hub. the: ‘bunches VA

Only ripest. satisfactory: aa Mery Wake 8ኪ6030ሀ16ሻሠ.‹ : ፡

Wher ie pants aue. grown. for. ‘ornare i

va well ax for’ thelr: ‘Grapes: 8ከ፪ሦ phy für A

Dd des xU. attention - “int, bheir Elana

CPhey are. Re a) ss a Useful ፲፻. tovenbg-- Mas

facing. ‘south. Mere =

Xt three: dept: ፡ apart; ’ የክፍ - : 5

sU inletvale- bf iwp inches to.

and: thy #688፪: growths: punched
the dires Cipro apenitid - eif. bayan “the:
በር:.በዘሠሠ: ከነዱ —

Tey epp. tha work should

oh. Jenae Jaen 10: the Sn Stt
ብ] Pi

“the: rods mre. trained,’
Bid Browt uia.

aS dde ak dos

* and-

the berries - peatented: - ቁር
cuftépe. by

Airde - and - ኳ8*58። when they: "ይባ:
apetyt The: foliags . 917 ደናቁር varieties: 3
"pente c gno ;11ሎ Caden, Vatietiea - Cot
"mad M fer ‘outdonr: Ultivation? pre. those”: pe
thie: Biveprwatcr family, Miller's: — Swope
Axatur c Grave. End Tee AE
cand. Joopledeaved. ,

Néwig-Planted / Trees. -
‘examined: Ay the — mad.
dégxeried - Af: Che sail. pay iA
- በከሌጠዚ ከሀ: iade. rm ሀነ quede Mila -. :
fane sob: yery በፎዉ[ሯ- About: “the roots" Wb

phe to dhe stenss. 81868. should. We: Tad i
seine. i they Have iidne. “Tosi, ah
cues eX muled : | mA dre : eee ead S

—

“where: necegasry, - Se

CPlums.-— When ፡8911166፳. Hay
“and: the: 1519ሮ- AP 8599110716. - erp.
‹ባህርኺ Tar- green We ደ: ya:
dA: endins Pro 1: :6፻ 1t electis ዋር
1] weather - conditions — Spray. ties [ፍር
swipe Maes Airaet- ai the. EDEN ELE

THE <Q. IRDEN BRS CHRONIC Ks p D

SSeS =

dus uu ‹ - jim i jakin 6s dint. die: 21 wd ik E. init: inis EU indi at ob | THES ROSE GARDEN. GA BES à
jM ble: greatec > ብሽ poting Sank: Türile d quectis-qe hi sese pud- ue - Ea js 2;
I SE maie —— ከ6: ie ':::50. Tap dipe gras seeds sthouguglily with i | (Mo ነ r — ic "s 2 : —
il ty fs dis “ለ 5፡4 ር 1.፡-፣ a i* sH PE f f y Ls dsl i È n rj ያነ i

7 ah. ey. ፡ሀ8፡: "Appius vacvequ E de d ወቦ o im, P ves uat Ar d ARE. w « ፻፲ SBISIUN--

Corti - — E dn Silva’ legi. and at ame ን ር AE Week. Rages age “went Bivaurites” wale —
* ባዕጨጅ He jappatent ^ eat 5, © e A planho. vSro “syeryone,. ity quthe 4 purius, “good” white —J
eae E Ph effecta Hert ek Moe : ee paro, M ጦቢ. — — — dtoheltered : ‘bender: — varieties : Are. par Se plentiful- aC: domes otier
— “this — SEA እ: , wii: qoe 4. etos qm c The: -ከ38585 wark velour. Far example qne Aurel Ted, tp nest
408981. Thr protected: from: ground. toda By. -popila white- ganety : ‘being = auis] gr
TE dus ካኮ. Safin cartis: diy ye: phenms cnt — Whist) Hia. pid Roses PUSHIN
— Spice -#የክበዮ 168: HAE age ents DC Xx እህ ሚባ - : ty * -exegdlient. | qualities: dne ker : ; Aerian
a tet ath G coe ES ntly:- adv freed E ; “attributes, and notably: frageanie. The whit
hides - Hic KOC PX "ከ6. | earthed —Befare- ding Mg Herbert. Biévena-- dáe ^ em planted
መክ 9 a TO A “ጠፍ “epenutions. ቨርዌ ርየ me gröt “farm "18. uoc እ፡ and Molly - 8687486981
wo wells Fasten 419 -. linge euh. ark - AR 1: Fa wind 8 US Apa bate ‘Pea. Raus 4 Bat
s itin hans Aims sa mande | die: E dé 86 fuste We. sr nmt tr: d. Coke rudes “Rowe: »

5 አርኒ “appear un KUTRO
pua bens, 7. eb ANE M e i ነ
ae epee (411 ne he ui
| OM ae c “1. — J
EH ‘thie አዜር soi. penc

ee m Nacterines, 30: onte. deo ENE >
cn xheac Bias dk "se Sand:
zs :: አወከ: SAY, RPS ላፍ ith usen
E Me. phis cinch: ዘየጀጸሠ“8፡፡፡ “the
thie espevitic. epuka :1,1፻፪ሥ፡፡‹የሸርጩ: HTC
RI በ፲ mais. ARE ene —
vr epbides - — Sha

THE KITCHEN. ወፀ —

48%... 4.1 leg D di o Baba pis
DE p fruit; frofe THOM. Er

va ir Ment "ከ፳ genital. Freely b
à paite. -— desc Grae Ta. — ርር
ep 8 in uns -hahae * SE:
| poa. Med: Me i

said o applistoa ...ብብ Aw
CN CS. ifut tte” NUR. ጉዜ appiccate, 48.
EE armia artina Takna 5» dave: greg NEU
"aetiet. de A. “hanes: ስዩ. food: dur. A'eitakes günk — ud
| dee 4c fer ዘ cypia nbi. dadys o Neb faac Mine *
Vu "Poimatis i or. servus dn supqhtes Oe —
| «1, hae - 11491: Ho shee: UNE 517...
RC i planted: dn quis? Wi: Prt.” ts —
— mor, when: “plat ins: (turre; ames m Gate Ru
ve tan [መክ ropedresinga. Pues "rosti
። ES የ2999, 1: AG agmen OL
viny cuam AM Denie caue
| arrow ini nne «idonee Ae 17 1. |, ——
fee ር cave pet dino win: ANDE QUA
i m. 186: ‘they: ትድር አ carers

sued ub anch m ከክ. NC a:
— tek: ረጨ This: ae aat: mpor

orent axpivelis art Fie ; በእሷ - 7፡96 tbec Seen see
AER wells “tyes — rine ና yds) oa agat euam — ብ : aK
piinia እ ደር — : — us —* Pee
afuit x E oe TT PARE — AM

"Apart. dui nudes: [UH
ሂር አያዩ. — th enh at oA ene
VaR Cre o; Pere ren E — ቪር ^ — ya!
«3.01. -ae FOND - "ob. ብከ; | T 'ዜ ‘peasonable,.
ers dec 1 linssdug Beet t frone
MAE op a thie: sertlings 58 ንው ፤ there —
Ga 48: x hec nya. -! ihoon ums she:
ian: arand — meist Tub. BAe pon Hun

FoR ‘NORTHERN: | GARDENERS, BN os | |
il cas 4ኦሃዞዩሄከነ, apga rito. Ae KARD: AG አዚህ — X i oue * ECAR ; PENES 14. .-808፪: xw me ENSK —
cHewHIE Castle, [ሀቦ818ዜ.. We stiuorelidut : ይን አ — | ን ነረ: X Nats nal dew የዚህና 3 Anivala. ፲፻: Meri aint —*

nala pyramidalis -10s plane :ህ፻: Adee A

Bh Swot: vehit variottes “bake .116.. ፪ኛ 2 n
-Rollie grown: frau side. — c ue.

^ ARRAT E TURY nue He. placed Whee. budi

M F YDER pendet — over; 11.

DIS po aj prins POM dna

Vnd. II wien

— Stee OANE dan. "flontécoumess E
phen ገረ ከ EIE Baie” 8801. Drüschki ^ -and paving.’ —
— minie” E —— —
— m Alei wd from, 'የ8ሮ. Titom. E White Pe 3
yak Hnc hin: aoti bes: deus Ens 141). shown hy Mossts 8 AE ve x: $
e — alat. site growin ie Bm ist Pe RTI Sha oe the. Ex

"otiose calante ees duiclys d falto dcn. quan quon 10. planta boni Ye RUM alil: Abk: tedlilrain nth. ; ገ T
ከ0. han. day. hark 18,919 orden dor thie vurefilie | Aw bc püod. far - cs ከ6% nto 3 iban wi Wes ipe ic ዝክዕዮ- bá. Ek Ten he
plastu dui t haw aa TOS iphnts c will. “alloyed. da minia 118%. aen ህርበ› choke: tHe: NE tin in "i Wie reda und st ram l =
LM Ars s | fain’: vig —— swell x; e EMU E pluris: C F Ditstinge. : cbe oon pplieds ‘una: ak a de ins ie “quality ae
j ae, he aM A LABIOS, — አህር ። dett Hindi Teh erences ie: whether ithe newcomer fü nes,

AUG iMt: pianta —
hir LR prn +e

|) i:
“nye: የክት : aM epus ‘i 2
:: 1986: Ailine | thes icti > “Speen

፡ t ነ y i: CAE gg ipw $ i Me TE nw: A ክህ ፡፡ —— — oe TA z Ron S t Mie. TRQiramen ts “of À gool. garden: Had hes
a ዘበ piperis: that የህኳ Tux mehr e Digsing rey, oue 280: E pet. re LA 4 dus 4 sprayed, although the TAIT ፡- ቨ[6
ነ trees" 15:(/186. UFA Vere THRA ES ORL Taai 36 ae o de eden Bead ha^ ab 8s Suitable: for pardon, Dedd irig

188. owed vat Wal. forcing Pupus | qualities. - -wiet cat

ondditieai Fray. inq quid hne "Fins- without ley ud odi ;
ESS በዘህ. ond. “nnd ly at ue mull: fiamme - Home — e UM diging Aron. ^: de àscerteiped al bar” the: “አርከ 16 “been
LO. dius Jitthe dabour.-Ó ፲የከሠጽ - Seale ero, gpd soldat di ው. Tet dw Red under. cültivoti lon.: - Be ON
; Sogn N eee minut. ‘potato: sowing ws aL AeA ያሁ ያ AFER dE S. MM apis: je. AE Tea section. ad n
dti d ty : — X መላዋ RAE ነ

d ^d ከና: distinetive amc babmized «
RS American: Bonit Ruscor the. Bal wit Apple a
tu tho — nmbs-.
ya. anhliun oof "(rose supplied: by bobünste

—— MÀ Pru ve he

teok. andi fote’, anA

* ን 16166,

— good foliage. and if the variety is amenable

ROBN FARGES.

፲፡ ገነዞ የ መ... .9 pec aig S
1925, pige 8, wn. anand corvespotidunü. ane 2
attention ከህ thw: snisleoding à (Vrae terc op 'ህ(ሀ:

/neae Rosa : Futgesi, Xhe- binomial? Lutor 66 tpe TEMANE, Americam. -
“at “whieh: conveys, the. drnptersion Ahut.-this a8 ' pobbe.. plants; -
m #ዞስርዘፎ of Rise “ewe Xo «ዘበና, ^en. Jn '
ቪር.

J je moniy poni AE. té
noob Rune Moyesn.. Sei

< Nunee of. tis iod am. ከ ንዝ
"በበ and. Paghi nat to fe. /፳፲ኛ88. ffe
vedrapilers of Sianitard ted Plant Names Tear
“harry: ‘Such mies 1ኬ ከ6፻፻9,1(07፻91:. ; A
arid: “they, : 3969:ወሠሠ«1] whit. appears d6 ^ bec
|| "ሸ#ርዒ ነጭ method : t. eel tug. thess " የክ.

ህብ. so. in« Uo. American. hom iealtuyul, ‘trade: 5

ን Plant | Name gies: .
|o fistinetien helen’, “thi diatdes- wb

“pleat «
a nina

VARER 4. Gat penib, qn me oh: ist Ani ,

i yid Pu

— penta "din dos Pres
roelypjinal © Teun wu aat — dnd
ppeips: pes ከ1. Datin’ ‘tory: Por exumple, የ86
Seith Rase, 6 wild aperies: ds Rose. spitie-~-
Misaia and thes Ahat Ros a wild mib-
(npeenu, dec Rosh spihbsissima: adtejcn. .
“nome DE Jurürultural vafietros OF Rose. eru
A 88ሙ a
Wed "reni — 4: 5ይ examples Radiance,
ህር diet - 8610 Gee 68. 'ፐርሀ192..

Ab:

Maman.

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tui dhe preface of: Srasiderelt zed. Plank Marien?
— Abe Fellawing - páragrapdi

Hie iG nastier prefers. ‘thee: priit AC -5 galling hortis
PU gta rat. tis bride aud other ር horpioili ead. varictiek
Wine ba “th.

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ptit owe የ::11/ She. geuealdgw 61. the ©
ifi (seh (qus. Prunus. PERUSE rhes: Riek |

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x int n ral

erc Hidtinospotiry: Nephrolepis staliit
(astoniens i cen hiis. — “er —
CORRS. Boston. Fee Nd ms ህህ

= HE.

— — —

ath ዜ fascinating . — ;
cM ivre ire dena and atout and. Miu 3

ME should. ‘prove uxefal ta. phase T
Chas gue Roses “በይዳ: Ded dor. Paprat 4 j
qw i SC አኳ ae atk ihi E

መኗ Havent: S

145. “ጆዬ የሽህ ባው 811708. SAY waive ይይላሸናሄኑ

| amas ligit ^ 31969. pw "Hf ^ ne jen drum. te

spl a |

^ Aaa AAA
phe; $

tn dorm, jisually English, Frendi has

“Application | ‘of tas —— ub ihe: dr
86 - Hits: Rose. should be” given 80: 5 ct

plating. '86.::
“this Hinter: For" máa reas (hes Come”

res aM '

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— qiu quali ys ham Y awa Fendi
— ባፍ.) via 1 [

thereat, and. ‘ther ,80ህ8፻. ክ/ከ. yell

granditiorag | NB |
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“94. Mae, ዘ ርስ ር
“ane: revolutum በሶስ e wary derisidesibls
EUR. 88 ህክ. pissile, i ANA

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re solitary ጋዜ "ሮስ ሃሮ Abou be -8፻ኤ- dnchos | ከሼክ, weeks. anid” anm FERES 356 E. mediteren

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km ^ te — “ A edi Spear uc Jaten
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da now pulang Torr ity: new
imme — que Au. “ቋና ces fiery.

——

EADY i ተራ
, Ae veles ‘ob hindia Pus wieme “6 Me DIM e

5 down Sen tr. TE 23
Vovaryind fron des: P

Eryibronittüs,. Jika Shinediipsy | reat Mois

H Salno ae. 118%. d ዘህት ;አ18.981፡. SLOW AL S

; eaa tiful. "ast; “ባጀ Rovere. x — Food t haven; bMS: ones. 10: “threes owr i በፒ» መን |
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CMTVE (ዛሌ: good gb 2 ፊና 3: AB basa — OMIT MSE SS
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Cth&y.-Inensise by oispa — Colivation presente . vullist - Eéandindnim. Arregik cy o rne
qu. gy eat ARCU ait አ aA wskenial. — inv —6 iv —
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saben ኩቦ nivale, ay iby | ze serge Joi Push Tar greon.. 'dJeayes iibi Lco Mee
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NM እክ ኒ' ‘at

f “ራሪ
ቃላ”.

| /ኢህይክቭ' ሰ “Pots Bondy “በቤት Ae ae Aitor 1
K Barh nioso, 00669. ae ien

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4,

— :

E e tå ERETT EA PAS DA
. 19:0. ^ dts :- 7: MN TIBIOS 0000s CIC seit TE ERAN LAUR.
— Tie togata tent "n Oey — iB p nec a) NON My: ;
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AN PETA dire iiót. Anus dur ጨር “atiy. shume” ohne ኮልኖሮነ ie 44:
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Ab wor vA shorter ond rélátwely- broadet #ከለቬ ahe "ከ8. 16ክሀጨ. has boru 191886. witb-

LIU ER
Aire. jj ami vivid ‘pase: arif Abr “pelts” den atx eii DS :

the: ቦበ[ጠባሄዬ var vine. — TOBY quare. He apn “pnd Be mi shin: a. mré- singwlarhe- cheerfüh,
8161: alinush whites: : : especially Ipi — Huut RU ted
4: ሀ18/81፡87ኳ,: aiti ni ^el otari “55:85 eta. ., ከባስ) dye * ushos at Ni dept
“pass: quarower. dehik. 3168. IL suat aT "ihe flowered Grego ns. E dae round.
Ame FAC peni We and. dy SAE Anthoripis - One. remariedale: HENS: ES q^ ——— EE
thes "ne Hreha wes mat hal. here, “Piers: fornua.- jd

* Sbuois- — ES

E: GARPE? NERS is URONIC DE

nr dim : ነ Pine i 5

— — — ——À
2

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ንያ TH fi:

Tennis Club ^| .
eee e ——
| We have. beak using two of Dp
Cox kam Motor. Mowsr& with satig-
uo feation. Tha 208 kus bean sell.
— 163 * — pertioularily Tegar:
Nite E sucesas bil.
Finke — እመ

— o. '

ኣ
" LR

ATCONUNIYATCO

BEES RD Wisbisdon.

100) eth 808258. gruss and
4: AGI ቹ8 5 ጋጃ ሎ.ኳ! 15512

The — Ciub Secretity yis frm shit the ours are aye pee! ነ
— condgion and for this? BELETA /የከከ1'. Bectetaries provide Resa : 3 3* : a
oR አይና wilh ATEO Motor Mowers. The letter: ‘teproduied — 5 ...ጉ
2s hobs received. Bacar tue head gíoundsmen ul ‘Wieibledtametilly Widono o 050v 0 NA

| 103 ፻5:በሒ Tam fount mas ችን —

ty for ይዚ፲ህ5ቋ1፳9፡' - wp Ans A.
— 19. BLO. ter di

V ie ativeta is * xaluabla |
ይዕዕጀቨ80፲ቻ fur iiie cut the:
ERE

i iUa he policy. ጀመ demonsisation 68 your own grass without: obliystiot. E PELA : —X jo _ Pk
susc NI 22 inc Mastet; ÆT 30 jnch Modal, ሺያ ርን ር ከ]:
Hn DN MA £50 ረር ናና — — Wes (2፡9 ዝሩ x

Ira In coven deve Jeu, NM BU UB
AH che: Me. JC ae ፤ f SRE ASSET D), eat

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C H AS. H. E u G Hn s d Li: mite d * de Mi cn k ~
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vite the” የፍ: 2

We THE READER di dew bee exhi m

> aw, ay G , 7 ና ZT 82222 coms A 355 — —
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+ 2 abbey ee 224 Aea ANN a AN E as ሂ
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| , i Sah ነ ea TAAT Pae — aei opi tim m 5e Oc ene E
I I ፥

have. the. honing: ros

‘CHELSEA SHOW

“FORMAL. GARDENS |

‘SPE ee — DESIGNEI D d an ENS

Bie MAIN. AVENUE. at ከ.

ON HOUSE -
‘oUCU ; MB ER FRAMES -
AM ME IF IS AND FURI hi ITU RE

— “HARD” TENNIS. COURTS and
ALL. KINDS. of HORTICULTU

CR. H 5. Great Spr mg Show te — Hospital — ይዞ” — ፡
የሠ May 9) ty ያ i c -Woods *Garden

ps ንጃ ጉ ኑ
ri

x 7. ur r “ROOM M

Rasu —— the ramificatións eb
Service: sent t gratis by. ኮህ,

Me ሥል: መርም መጻፍ e D m e በመመ ማመ ው መጅ m m ከሙ ርመ“ —— » > — — —
፦ን = = - — — - - = ሠ — teehee መው ]
ተልሞ — — —— — — — — s = : — —— —— — gi ST — — —

—

—

Mi Lc BE GARDENERS CHRONICLE: 1:22. - ee

— — መ — — — ar — ⸗— — —— — —

Aids. to a

| NOTES FROM MAID
“STONE. ys

GRAPES ANDE k des FOR: UE
GOLD- GREEN HOUSES ;
'ፕሙጭ እረ cái: be. Yerum
mended: For planting: DOW;
| ፡ አሎይ = ‘Black. ‘Hamburg
ሀዘ doubt the bet albo y
(ር. eases aa /ቃ- told. hanse, HE i,
i oma ot, sasy dui
| cultivate, ያዘ፤#፪87210/፡ the |
| O Amata 4. "የማረ. OF be ፲፻
white wariétiet, Foei. Serl
. ሰጩ the heit. ፲ መዉ well)
L- crap Freely, the. Ikn. TE Thimo
and the: flavo most. ‘refreshing, E A
- Planting, . Canes, ቀስ ar cM
E and. 39i sare c A Y M ስ
E d ies. Phase ‘are. — Tuh
E gif ul; fruits for voki. Haset 5
:. pertaps the mast. “popular ———
ያሎስጩጸ Turkey, but there, are
] eher dark watiph?s rov dos 7p
atts gro. among: vie vaneties, AR
Ns White diphia 8: particularly UM
NE c good: Small plants, g^ eaeh:
ከ1 ke 6nd sgh euch s. o [H
HEC CPRUETOELE AND FLOW BK SR
— SEED: es Ur t — ane — E
Eu Mi ane 6 Farite. A ዘራ “Cala: XM
dog uer fessi cov UAM
‘GEO. Büky: anu X C5 1.78; VANA ከ
EET 6: Bol Nutseriet; TE
5. dee “MAIDSTONE,

Abe: n dee aye. P scd: 380. — DIEM Us.
experts. s They ure always የር15016, economical’ m o
and safe, — ate uow የ as senate hortionttural
requis sites. ! 3 ERE. itur

“Abol Non polaonous, ከ c ፓዯፓፕፓ a
A gureki for Greon- Fly; American Bogut: BE other: 2229.) CIAM

igsevis. Würhogt equal. 353 remedy: Tor Mlaen 0 cRéses, 7 BIG JS Y

Vaed (1. ፻ከፎ Royal ደበል E (በቺሊ. Ah ns ks diy :

OF 838. 273፡ በላከ... 03s iN

Apal Patent eee tees Gs Cote ewe GH p
nise pettect- 2፡07 ich: may ነ ———— የ5 Yo um xii S a e: i ue
jer UATE ሕፍ desired. pedal: — he National —
= Society. | | Ju 34; geh ፡ 2 ያ
jit "ይ S ያ Tz Rd ፡

1 m.

a PEXSTSe

E White-Ely ¢ c ን D

NC [ር petu Aire. IW 70 ን ከአ ሃሮ — —

ከው dd kms diy apps S 219370: quer down centres pate > > — ce do
cow the Bosse at. =፪. Dr dies ነ; ፲ 60. — teet LERE pec TA 2359 n — — Nan ——
— Postage ra du end ek à MEE erga NM etur o Wien. Becdsmen, -4 -

(AES — Fl <2 4k —
Abel, Special orsts, - Chemise.

il AUS VIV ያ Qr — Ironmongers,- ando beg RI
For. Roses. went Peas, Chrysant hermun, Tiroa, Paai CURES Nre: uua rcc p UE
nd Ho Wee d a Sb 21 aed እ የክክ ይ8ኑ፡ a puto ርር ረር: 2> —

ለከ] Weed. ‘Killer (Poison) | ig ee a Se er SE

UA extrérele -ryohablde cud — Don cw: high 6. 89፲ Manufacturers - »
éutitely- eradientes: Weeds árom garden- 89982 aod walks. ‘Carnage. - C Abak Limited ed,
drives, eto... da diquid ad. “powder fortasr, both. rqualty. elective. qu. ‘Belting. —
:.1.ህከ8ሸ0:. galt. 4725 : 2941... Tes x Bats TR Powder- du pake ከ5466, Wood.
Uis. we A #5 5 galls 5. "M 6: Sp quist Gy aeo cpm 778... SER — 898.

— —
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A, SHANKS & SON, LTD.
Dens lron Works, Arbroath, Scotland.

Bush Lane House. Cannon Street 8 2
London, E.C 4. ES
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EHGEODENDRONS OR: THEO AP.
A CPONICUM. SERIES "n ያስነ
Continued from page 36.

BIS SOINTILLARNS Tue 18: ንይ MS as

— intec rctior irom A exhort. "China: and: P
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auc thes ii Borescmee*
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dest- rnideisurface: saei
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ከወወጩ: ፡ ይ ]፡. dn. Mn: “The plant-

wliare at bould overhang. larga

——— Ratna 88

a RDENERS CHRONICLE.

Ae monem ^
A Pene ys
— datu ob ገኛ Arev ከከ

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336 |

EDITORIAL NOTIOES.

ADVERTISEMENTS should be sent to the
PUBLISHER, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

Letters for Publication as well as specimens of plants
or naming, should be addressed to the EDITORS,
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, London.
ommunicalions should be WRITTEN ON ONE SIDE
ONLY OF THE PAPER, sent as early in the week as
nossible, and duly signed by the writer. Lf desired, the
signa!» o will not be printed, but kept as a guarantee of
good faith.

ustrations.—TAe Editors will be glad to receive and to

= select photographs or drawings suitable for reproduction,

of gardens, or of remarkable flowers, trees, etc., but they
eannot be responsible for loss or injury.

Newspapers.—Correspondents sending newspapers should
be ወይ ህያ to mark the paragraphs they wish the Editors
to see.

ent Communications.—71/ sent by telegraph, these
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Special Notice to Correspondents.—The Editors do
not undertake to pay for any contributions or illustrations,
or to returna unused communications or illustrations,
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Local News.—Correspondents will greatly oblige by sending
to the Editors carly intelligence of local events likely to be
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kindly observe the notice printed weekly to the effect that
all letters relating to financial matters and to adtertise-
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all communications intended for publication or referring

, to the literary department, and all plants to be named
should be directed to the EDITORS. The two departinents,
Publishing and Editorial, are distinct, and much un-
necessary delay and confusion arise when letters are
misdirected.

— —

SOME SPECIES OF TULIP.

HAVE never yet discovered why it is

that the wild species of’ Tulip are so

much less grown than the garden hybrids,
of which some are to be found in nearly every
garden. I cannot believe that it is merely
laziness on the part of gardeners, for a
good gardener is always ready to take any
amount of trouble to give his plants what
they want. Yet the only real difficulty
about the successful cultivation of wild
Tulips is the advisability of digging up the
bulbs every year in Juné or July and
storing them in a dry place until November.

There is, of course, the objection that the
wild Tulips are comparatively expensive to
purchase, but this is largely due to the fact
that no nurseryman in this country, so far
as I know, has taken the trouble to get
together a collection of the species and to
raise stocks from seed. Some species, of
course, increase rapidly by offsets, while
others rarely, if ever, make any. For
instance, of one of the forms of the Greck
species, T. Orphanidesii, I obtained originally
three bulbs from Holland and I now have
more than a thousand, after giving away a
good many in the course of years. Even
'T. Batalinii, T. Maximowiczii, and T. linifolia,
the finest and most brilliant of all species
for the rock garden, increase steadily by
offsets, and yet they are now very seldom
seen.

I began with three bulbs of T. Batalinii
and three of T. linifolia, and later was
given about a dozen collected bulbs of T.
Maximowiczii. It is true that I have raised
seedlings, but the result of increase by seeds
and offsets is that more than a thousand
are flowering this year. On the other hand,
T. Greigii rarely makes an offset and must

be raised laboriously from seeds, and T.
Hoogiana and T. Micheliana are equally
troublesome. These latter species are perhaps

hardly worth the trouble, but therc is no
Tulip more shapely or more brilliant than a
good example of T. Greigii.

. Of the species which are easy to grow
and which should be in every gardén, I
should put T. Kaufmanniana first. It is
practically the first to flower and its flowers
are particularly welcome early in March or
even at the end of February. The typical

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

flower, white with a yellow base and broad
streaks of scarlet on the backs of the outer
petals, is comparatively’ well known, but
among seedlings there is endless variety, for
some are backed with bluish-purple and
others with pale grey, while some have
scarlet blotches on the inner surface and
some are wholly yellow. The deepest of
these, of a rich golden colour, have
obtained by crossing a yellow form with the
scarlet coccinea, a cross which has also
given me & variety, which might not inaptly
be called Blood Orange. Coccinea is. quite
distinct from the pinkish-red variety known
as Gaiety. It is a deep scarlet and can
only be increased by seeds, while Gaiety
makes fairly rapid increase by offsets.

After T. Kaufmanniana comes T. praestans,
& very peculiar species. The colour is a
curious light scarlet that does not seem to
occur in any other species; the stems branch
and produce two, three, or even four flowers,
and the somewhat narrow, oblong leaves
have a well-marked mid-rib on their under-
surface, which makes it possible to recognise
a single leaf of this species. Another
peculiarity is that the six petals open out
flat in full sun into a star-shaped flower,

which, combined with the tall growth of
the plant, makes it very striking. Un-
fortunately, the growth is so rapid, the

stems are so numerous and the leaves so thick
that the whole plant tends to be top-heavy
and needs to be grown in a position where
it is sheltered from wind, otherwise it is
liable to snap off at the ground
Deep planting at ten or twelve inches down
helps to decrease this risk and should be
adopted for this species.

Deep planting may also be good for
several other species, such as T. Greigii and
T. Kaufmanniana, whose bulbs have a
puzzling habit of sending down droppers
which form new bulbs several inches below
the point at which the original bulb was
planted. In deep, rich, well-drained soil, I
should certainly advise deep planting, and 1
should not be surprised to find the bulbs
living on from year to year without lifting,
especially if the position was such that
much of the moisture in the soil was sucked
out of it in summer by the roots of
neighbouring shrubs. Even in such a position
as this it would probably be advisable to
lift the bulbs about every third year in
order to separate the offsets and give them
more room when they were replanted.

T. Greigii should certainly be in every
garden, for it is the most shapely of all
Tulips. There is a breadth of petal and a
graceful curve about the outer three segments
which give the flower an air cf distinction and
breeding which is never seen in any garden
hybrid. The typical form is scarlet, but
others have red markings on a yellow
ground. There is even a rare form in which
the ground is white, and in some seedlings
the scarlet of the upper part of the flower
shades to yellow at the base.

Almost equally fine, and easier to manage
because it comes rather late, when the
weather is inclined to be less boisterous, is
T. Tubergeniana, with four large leaves and
huge scarlet flowers, usually with a coal.
black base, which is, however, sometimes
edged -with a narrow outline of yellow.
Among some two hundred seedlings only
about half-a-dozen have appeared with this
yellow edging, and I was inclined to think
that they were the result of hybridisation
until this year, when, for the first time, T
have had in flower some of the scarlet
Tulips, which grow in clay or mud on the
roofs of houses at Srinagar in Kashmir.
Years ago I saw in some book of travel a
description of these houses with their scarlet
Tulips. and it was not until two years ago
that I obtained a few of the bulbs. Last
year they disappointed me by sending up
two or three leaves each and not flowering,
though the production of more than one
leaf from a bulb is usually a sure sign of
flowers to come. This year. however, they

level. -

May 16, 1925.
have flowered and are identical with the
form of T. Tubergeniana, in which the base
is slightly edged with yellow and the colour
of the flower a rather lighter scarlet than
in the type.

This lightening of the shade of scarlet by
& touch of yellow is well seen when looking
down a long bed of T. Batalinii, T. linifolia,
and T. Maximowiczii and of hybrids between
them. The two last have flowers of the
most dazzling bright scarlet with a small,
black base, while T. Batalinii, which is a
colour form of T. Maximowiczii, has
yellow flowers. Among the hybrids, some are
scarlet and some Apricot, and it is only
when numbers of flowers are seen together
and looked at from a little distance that
the shade of scarlet is seen to be distinctly
paler than that of the flowers of the species.
The difference between T. linifolia and T.
Maximowiczii is that when the former con-
sists only of a bud at the ground level.
in the centre of a cluster of five or six
prostrate leaves, the latter is already in
flower with its leaves distributed at intervals
up the stem.

Quite distinct from all the species hitherto
mentioned are those with slender stems and
nodding flowers, which, moreover, always
have a tuft of hairs at the base of the
filaments which support the anthers. The
best known example is perhaps T. sylvestris,
which is supposed to be a native of this
country. The yellow flowers are produced
either singly or in pairs, and, at any rate,
in the large, free-flowering Italian form, are
very sweetly scented, though I am unwilling
to believe that yellow Cottage Tulips owe
their fragrance to the influence of this species.
There is no known evidence that Tulips from
the two main sections of the genus have
ever been crossed, and it is certain that
many attempts to obtain such a cross have
been unsuccessful.

Algeria has a white-flowered relative, T.
primulina, which is also sweetly scented, and
Greece a whole series of forms with red or
terra-cotta flowers, obtainable under the
names of T. Orphanidesii and T. Hageri.
Western Asia Minor apparently has forms
with orange flowers. At any rate, I have
flowers of such a colour and believe they
come from the neighbourhood of Smyrna.
though there is some uncertainty about this.
All flower easily, and most of them increase
readily by offsets. The one exception is the
Cretan T. saxatilis, which increases readily
enough, but which is exceedingly difficult to
flower unless the bulbs are well fed and
very thoroughly ripened in summer, then
they produce two or three flowers on a
branching stem, of a pale mauve colour with
a large yellow base and prominent chocolate
anthers. W. R. Dykes.

TULIP NOTES.

EARLY FLOWERS IN COOL HOUSES.

I sTATED last year that I intended conduct-
ing a trial of early-flowering white Tulips
under glass. I may not have made it
plain that it would have to take place in
cool houses where the temperature seldom
reaches 55°, and where the conditions are
all the better if it never exceeds 50°. The
trial has concluded with disastrous results.
Only one variety behaved in a respectable
manner, and that was Diana, which I am
growing for the first time this year. It
alone had a desirable stem. Great is Diana
of the Early Tulips! My collection of
striped earlies shared the same fate as the
whites. The purple and white striped Globe
de Rigaut and the rose-dashed Arms oi
Leiden alone did well. The rest were 4
sulky looking lot. They just showed them-
selves above the soil and there they
remained until they died, ‘‘unwept. un-
honoured. and unsung.”

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338

RHODODENDRON TYERMANII.

SOME similarity in the names of two
Rhododendrons, R. Teysmannii and Tyermanii,
led to considerable confusion between two
otherwise very distinct plants at the fort-
nightly meeting of the Royal Horticultural
Society, at Vincent Square, on May 5 and 6.

The Rhododendron given an Award of
merit under the name of R. Teysmannii_ is
not that species, but a hybrid, R. Tyermanii
(see Fig. 143), raised by Mr. J. S. Tyerman,
a former Curator of the Liverpool Botanic
Gardens.

R. Tyermanii is a hybrid between two very
beautiful Himalayan species, R. Nuttallii, first
introduced from Bhotan in 1859, and R.
formosum, a native of the Eastern Himalayas,
which has been cultivated in our greenhouses
sinee 1815.

R. Tyermanii is an imposing evergreen
variety, forming a wide-spreading shrub; it
has the . characteristic flaking bark of R.
Nuttallit, revealing a bright brown, polished
stem. The dark green leaves average seven
inches to eight inches long, and are about
two-and-a-half inches wide, the underside
greyish green. . The large, broad-mouthed,
campanulate flowers are four inches to five
inches across, and two-and-a-half inches to three
inches deep. The outside is freely flushed
With rose when young, but as the flowers
open and age the colour becomes pure white,
and there is a liberal suffusion of yellow
towards the base of the tuhe. It is interesting
to record that one of the best plants flowering
in the Himalayan House at Kew is grafted
on R. ponticum.

Mr. Tyerman retired from the position of
Curator of the Liverpool Botanic Gardens in
13871. In recording the making of a pre.
sentation to the Curator by the citizens of
Liverpool, The Gardeners’ Chronicle in 1872,
stated that Mr. Tyerman was going to live
at Penlee, Fregoney. Cornwall, so that he
might cultivate half-hardy subjects. — The
obvious inference is that one result of his
labours is the subject. of this note.

R. Tevsmannii, with which R. Tyermanii
was confounded, is one of the seven species

of zast Indian Rhododendrons used by
Messrs. James Veitch and Sons in the
creation of the beautiful, warm greenhouse

Rhododendrons usually termed the Javanico.
Malayan Hybrids. It is a native of
Sumatra, and the buff or tawny yellow colour
of the blooms proved extremely useful to
the hybridist. In view of -the error made by
the Royal Horticultural Society's Floral Com.
mittee it may be of interest to state that
R. Teysmannii was exhibited in flower,
for the first. time, before the R.H.S., on
March 24, 1885, by Messrs. James Veitch
and Sons and received a Certificate in the
same year. A. Osborn.

n

LS

ANNUALS FOR CONSERVATORY AND
GREENHOUSE DECORATION.

STREPTOCARPUS.

THE Streptocarpus in its many beautiful
varieties is generally regarded as being
only suitable for the stove: this in spite of
the fact that it has been proved to be
well adapted for furnishing the conservatory
and greenhouse during the spring and
summer.

True it is that in their younger stages
the plants enjoy, in fact demand, a tem-
perature of 60° to 65°: but this is equally true
of many other plants employed for green-
house decoration. Seeds should be sown
during January in a warm, moist house in
a temperature of abcut 60?; the compost
for the seed-pan should be light in texture

THE

GARDENERS’

and rich. The tiny seeds should ከር just
covered with a fine dusting of very sandy
soil, and the seed pans with a piece of

glass, keeping them shaded until germination
takes place.

When fit to handle, tho seedlings should
be pricked off into well.drained pans, using
at this stage a light compost, consisting of
good, medium loam, leaf-mould, and sand ;
when large enough, they require to bo
potted otf singly into small pots, using 8
slightly heavier compost. Water the seedlings
carefully until they are well established.

The plants should be grown steadily on

in & temperature of 55° to 60°; as the
season advances and they increase in size,
they should gradually be accustomed 10
conditions approaching the greenhouse.

Towards the end of the summer they should—
if well-grown—make a fine display in the
greenhouse; during the first season, good
flowering plants should be produced in
48-sized pots.

After having done duty in the greenhouse
the plants should be returned to, and
wintered in, a house having a temperature

of 55° to 60°, in a position close to the
roof-glass. During the winter the plants
should be kept on the dry side, giving
them no more water at the roots than is
necessary to keep the foliage fresh and
healthy.

Karly in the New Year the plants should
be shaken out and returned to the same-
sized pots, affording water very carefully at
this season until they have made a quantity
of fresh roots.

When well.rooted they should be shifted
into six-inch pots, in which size they should
be flowered. If accustomed to greenhouse
conditions gradually, they should give a fine
display in à warm greenhouse during April,
May and June.

It may be contended that Streptocarpuses
are not annuals, but, as has been indicated,
they may be treated successfully as such.

The original garden race of Stepto-
carpus has been improved out of all
knowledge, both as regards size of flower

and variety of colours, the latter ranging
from pure white, through varying shades of
pink, rose, and crimson, to mauve and deep
violet-purple.

TORENIA FOURNIERTI.

THERE are several varieties of this beautiful
annual, which. although an old garden plant,
is by no means so generally cultivated as it
deserves to be.

Seeds are best sown in a warm house
during February or March, and in their
vounger stages the plants are best grown in
a temperature of 55° to 60°. When fit to
handle the seedlings should be pricked off,
threo or four together, into smal! sixty-sized
pots, and when well rooted they should be
transferred to receptacles five inches in
diameter. Use a fairly light compost for
the final potting.

This annual is usually regarded as requiring
intermediate house-treatment, but as the
season advances and the plants gain in size
they should be gradually accustomed to cooler
conditions. When in flower the plants may be
prown in an ordinary greenhouse, especially
if they are not overdosed with water at the
roots. They are subject to attacks of Begonin
mite which must be guarded against.
Baillonii) is another
attractive species; it has yellow flowers with
dark purplish blotches at the base of the
petals, and succeeds under the same treatment
recommended for the other species.

It is, however, of a dwarfer, more spreading
habit, and although it is pretty a3 a pot
plant, it is probably seen at its best when
grown in small hanging baskets, for which
purpose its somewhat spreading habit is wcll
adapted. J. Coutts,

Torenia flava (syn.

CHRONICLE.

1925,

ORCHID NOTES AND GLEANINGS.

May 16,

COELOGYNE MOOREANA.

IT is noteworthy that Messrs. Sanders, St.
Albans, have succeeded in again importing
this stately and beautiful species, a small
lot of which they originally obtained from

Annam, through their collector Micholitz.
They received a First-Class Certificate for it
at the Royal Horticultural Society on

December 11, 1906, the plant being named
in honour of Sir F. W. Moore, then keeper
of the Botanic Gardens at Glasnevin, Dublin.

C. Mooreana is an ideal decorative plant.
being sturdy in growth and producing its
arching, graceful sprays of large, pure white
flowers, with yellow disc to the lip, very
freely, the individual flowers having a resem-
blance to those of the old favourite, C.
eristata, but they are produced on erect
stems. In Sir Geo. L. Holford’s collection at
Westonbirt this species grows and flowers
luxuriantly and the finest specimens have
been shown by him. lts nearest ally is
C. Mossiae, a chance plant sent to the late
J. S. Moss, Esq., of Bishops Waltham. from
the Neilgherries in 1887. It received the First-
Class Certificate of the Royal Horticultura!
Society and was illustrated in The Gardeners’
Chronicle, March 31, 1904, p. 401.

The introduction of these and other
beautiful and rare species should always be
kept in view by importers, for many of the
best-known species are not now represented
in gardens. J. O`B.

HARDY FLOWER BORDER.

————

THALICTRUM ANEMONOIDES.

Tuis delightful little plant, so well spoken
of by J. F. on page 272, is, as your corres-
pondent remarks, quite an uncommon plant
in gardens. I believe this is largely due.
not only to unsuitable soil and situation, as
suggested by J. F., but also to the destruc-
tion caused by slugs, which appear to be
very fond of it, and seem to crop it tu
the ground on its first appearance in spring.

DIANTHUS ATKINSONII.

Frew Pinks equal in brilliancy the scarlet
of Dianthus Atkinsonii, a hybrid plant which
has been grown for a number of years in
gardens. Like its double companion, Napo-
leon III, it has the great defect of having
a most decided tendency to flower itself to
death, so that those who wish to retain it
will find it desirable to keep a spare plant
or two cut down to prevent them from
flowering so as to obtain plenty of shoots
to provide cuttings to strike to maintain the
stock of plants.

It is exceedingly difficult to obtain a
sufficient supply of cuttings from plants
that are allowed to bloom, and with such
a good plant as Dianthus Atkinsonii it is
desirable to have a considerable number of
these, rather than just one or two. But for
this habit of flowering itself to death, no
difficulty should be experienced with D.
Atkinsonii, as it will flourish in any good
garden loam. although I prefer soil with a
proportion of leaf-mould and a little sand
added to the loam.

Of medium height—six to twelve inches --
this hybrid Pink is a valuable plant in any
border and is certain to please by its
brilliant beauty and the other attractions of
its handsome, single flowers. S. Arnott.

SOME SPRING FLOWERS..

HELONIAS BULLATA is one of the most
beautiful of the North . American spring
flowering plants. It grows well in a moist,
peaty soil and a partially shaded position.
From dense rosettes of dark green foliage,

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May 16. 1925.

THE

ARDENERS

CHRONICLE.

339

arise stout spikes from twelve inches to
eighteen inches high, jbearing jibottle-brush-
like heads of rose coloured flowers with
conspicuous blue anthers, and the blooms are
delightfully fragrant. The plant is perfectly
hardy and easily propagated by division.

Other interesting plants now in flower
include Anemone nemorosa var. Allenii. This
variety is blooming most profusely, and is
4 Vast improvement on the variety Robin-
soniana, the flowers being larger and a
delightful shade of soft lavender-blue. This
Aneinone should be planted in large masses

in either the rockery, flower border, ዐየ
partially shaded groves. Adonis amurensis
sends up from amidst an abundance of

Fern-like foliage a profusion of large, golden
yellow flowers in late winter and early
spring, as also does the double-fowered
form and the well-known species A. vernalis.
በ. Logan.

PLANT NOTES.

ABUTILON VITIFOLIUM.

Tur genus Abutilon is well-known, in that
it provides our gardens with several shrubby,
greenhouse plants of easy culture and high

decorativo value. It has also given rise to
several varieties of hybrid origin which

make excellent bedding plants. The object
of this note, however, is to draw attention
to the comparative hardiness of A. vitifolium.
l say comparative hardiness advisedéy, as
it is not a subject for every soil or position,
but, given `a well-drained soil and a
sheltered position, it succeeds well in the
southern counties at any rate, and forms a
handsome tree, ten or more feet high.

Its beautiful five or seven lobed leaves,
which take on a fine golden hue in autumn
make it worth growing, even as a foliage
plant alone, but its pendulous, bell-shaped
flowers are freely borne in the axils of the
leaves and add a charm to the plant from

June onwards.
This species was first raised in this
country from seeds collected by William

Lobb in 1844, plants from which flowered
under glass in 1845. It is said that it was
brought to Europe stil earlier (in 1836) by
Captain Cottingham, and grown in ከ18
garden in Dublin where it proved quite
hardy. W. Auton.

PUBLIC PARKS AND GARDENS.

HoLyHeap Ursan District Counci has
received permission to borrow £600 for
laying out two more tennis courts in the
new park.

THE Parks and Cemeteries Sub-Committee
of the Stoke-on-Trent Corporation has been
requested to inspect land at Bucknall, which
it is suggested may be converted into a
recreation ground.

THe Urban District Council of Edmonton
has made application to the Ministry of
Health for sanction to borrow £18,535 for
the laying out of the Galliard Road
recreation ground, Lower Edmonton.

THE Ministry of Health has received appli-
cation from the Hendon Urban District
Council for sanction to borrow £31,500 for
the purchase of land at Cricklewood Lane
for a recreation ground.

PRESTON CORPORATION has received the
sanction of the Ministry of Health to borrow
£3,396 for the construction of hard tennis
courts and the formation of paths in the
public parks.

MARKET FRUIT GARDER.

APRIL was a cold and showery month in
which vegetation made slow progress. There
were several ground frosts, but only once
did the thermometer register frost four feet
above ground at my place, and then only

one degree. "There was, however, a keen-
ness in the air on most days, and on
several occasions the wind rose to gale

force and was cold into the bargain. The
land dried at times enough to allow of
cultivation and hoeing, but, whilst this did
good by moving thc soil, very little cleaning
was accomplished, because showers soon 861
the weeds again.

It is a late spring, but a few days
carlier than last year. Plum bloom was
in evidence throughout the month, but the
flowering of Plums was not general until April
22. Early-blooming varieties of Pears and
Cherries were fully open on the 19th, but
several varieties did not bloom during the
month. Strawberries, which came through
the winter badly, recovered & good deal,
and now look fairly strong. The cuckoo
was heard on April 19, one day later than
last year.

FATE or EARLY BLOOM.

Although there was not enough frost in
my district to harm the bloom of Plums
and certain varieties of Pears and Cherries,
the weather was by no means favourable
for pollenation, and the result, as shown by
the setting of fruit, will be awaited with
some anxiety. I took particular note of the
Plums, and there was only one day when
the bees were numerous enough amongst
them to make their welcome hum audible
in the plantation; and at that time, it is
(0 be feared, several varieties were
getting rather advanced in bloom. There
were other days when a few insects were
on the bloom; but too often the cold wind
and the rain kept them away altogether.
Every variety of Plum that I grow is
blooming fully this season, Czar, River's
Early Prolific and Pond's Seedling being
particularly profuse. If only a small per-
centage of the bloom sets there will be an
average crop.

PESTS AND DISEASES.

The March spraying of Plums with nicotine
and soft soap seems to have been quite
successful in controlling leaf-curling aphis.
There is no evidence of these insects at
present on the sprayed trees, whilst on two
rows of Czar that were not sprayed it does
not take long to find a good many. Brown
rot is more to be feared unless the weather
soon becomes drier.

Apples, except where sprayed in winter
with a tar distillate wash, have now been
sprayed with derris and soft soap for aphis,
suckers, and young caterpillars. The pre-
dominating species of aphis this year is the
permanent Apple or green aphis, which is
unusual with me. Generally the more harm-
ful “rosy” or “blue” aphis (Anuraphis
roseus) is the most numerous species. But
most varieties are not showing & great deal
of aphis of any kind. One lot of Norfolk
Beauty is an exception, this having five or
six of the green aphides in nearly every
cluster of bloom buds. Suckers (Psylla mali)
are more plentiful generally than aphides,
but are hardly numerous enough to be very
serious. Caterpillars are late in hatching,
and may yet give trouble, but at present
they are not very easily found in my
plantations.

The 'derris and soap spraying has been
fairly successful. The wash kills any insects
which are actually wetted, but it is almost
impossible to reach all where the work has
to be done on a large scale. Much more
satisfactory is the result of winter spraying
with the tar distillate or carbolineum wash.
I have been carefully through a plantation

again profusely.

so treated and cun hardly find an aphis or
sucker, though there were plenty of eggs.
Here and there a caterpillar has done some
damage, but that is all. It is a treat to
sec the bloom clusters clean, instead of
messy by insects, as is usually the
case. Some quite young trees, too, which
were black with eggs of permanent Apple
aphis in autumn, are quite free from the
insects. What a pity this wash does not
control Apple blossom weevil and scab.
Trials indicate that it does prevent brown
rot of Plums. If this is confirmed it will
mean that we can control the two worst
enemies of Plums, leaf-curling aphis and
brown rot, with one winter spraying, and
caterpillars partially into the bargain.

These tar distillate winter washes are
the most important introductions in con-
nection with fruit-growing in recent years.
It is surprising that we have not had some-
thing of the sort before, for washes that
do similar work. have long been used in
some other countries. In Tasmania, for
instance, a ‘red oil" wash is used in
winter to free the trees of scale, aphis eggs,
etc., and little beyond scab control is done
in summer. The new washes have one draw-
back which will limit their use in gardens;
they burn any vegetable crops that may be
grown beneath the trees.

The weather at the time of writing is
of just the kind to encourage scab on
Apples and Pears. Several observers report
the finding of the winter stage on fallen
leaves, and there was plenty of it on young
shoots of some varieties as well. It can
hardly fail to attack the young leaves if
conditions remain favourable. Strong measures
against scab are particularly desirable in
view of the present prospects for Apples.
Only clean fruit sells freely when there is
much on the market.

BIENNIAL BLOOMING UPSET.

] wish some one could explain why
alternate year blooming has been upset in
so many cases this season. Nearly every
variety of Apple is going to bloom fully.
Some lots of Golden Spire and Bramley's
Seedling are the only trees remaining true
to the irbiennial habit; and even some trees
of the latter variety are going to bloom
well after a full erop last year. I can only
suggest that it is because two wet seasons
have allowed the trees to make full use of
any plant foods in the soil. That they are
well nourished is shown by the growth
most varieties have made. During & drought,
of course, fruit trees are practically starved,
no matter how rich the soil may be. But
I have some stunted trees of Lord Grosvenor
which have made scarcely any growth for
years and which are in the habit of
bearing an enormous crop every other year.
Last year the fruit had to be thinned
severely, and yet they are going to bloom
Perhaps there has been
enough spur growth to enable them to do
so, although they are not strong enough to
make shoot growth. Whether the fruit is
going to set in some of these cases of
disturbed biennial blooming remains to ከ6
seen.

A valuable contribution to this problem
of biennial bearing is made by W. T.
(p. 303), who says: ‘Varieties of Apples
which are notoriously alternate-year bearers
out-of-doors, crop annually in pots under
glass under good management, and this
seems to me to support the assumption
that correct feeding is a first necessity. In
pot culture it is within the grower’s control;
in the open ground it is not." JI am very
glad to learn this fact about the regular
bearing of Apples grown under glass. It
will encourage me to persevere with the
attempt to correct biennial bearing in’ the
open by means of manuring. By reasoning
one could never see how the fault could be
due to anything but want of nutrition at
some time or other. The fact stated by

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— — —— — — ——— —— ... . — — — — — — —— — —

warm climate; the Duchy of Savoy answers
this description.

As every schoolboy knows, Savoy, capital
Chambery (ancient name Sabaudia), is now
the south-east corner of France, it having
been ceded with Nizza (Nice) to that
country in 1860 as a reward for the help
viven by Napoleon III to Italy in her
struggles to throw off the yoke of Austria,
which, mainly by the splendid efforts of
Cavour, Victor Emmanuel, and Garibaldi,
led to the crowning of Victor Emmanuel as
King of United Italy in 1860.

It is somewhat singular that while in 1578
Lyte gives the French name of the plant as
Chous de Savoye, it is known in France
to-day as Chou de Milan. When or why
the alteration was made deponent knoweth
not, but Milan is in Lombardy and not in
Savoy. The German name is Wirsing
Navoyerkohl (Crimped Savoy Cabbage). Here
it may be permissible to insert the very
brief reference which Miller in the seventh
edition of his Dictionary, 1759, makes to the
Savoy. Under Brassicas, in a list of the
varieties of the common Cabbage, he quotes
No. 1, B. oleracea Sabauda hyberna. Lob.
Jcon., The Savoy. (1576),

No. 8, B. oleracea capitata viridis Sabauda.

Boerh. Jnd. 11. (1719), The Green Savoy.
No description or history is given, but,
under cultural directions, he states, “ The

Savoy Cabbages are planted for winter use
as being generally esteemed the better. when
pinched by frost. They are always much
better when planted in an open situation."
It will be noted that both the varieties
named are credited to Savoy; the yellow
variety is not mentioned, although it was
well known at that time, and was quoted
by Drummond, of Edinburgh. in his Catalogue

for 1754. Some light on this and kindred
subjects will be found if we refer again to
the Herbal of Dodonaeus. 1618 edition,
where there is a Büvoegsel or supplement

written by eminent botanists and herbalists
after every Capittell, bringing it thoroughly
up-to-date, There we read * [ከሁ Savoysche-

Koole is twice mentioned by Lobel (1576).
the first mentioned is the Somer-Savoye-
Koole., in Latin Brassica patula crispa

Nabauda „Estiva: this is more crimpled than
the brown-green winter variety, and is looser
in the middle. The other has been gotten by
cultivation: it i more lanckworpige (like a
Sugar-loaf Cabbage) and is named Winter-
Navoye-Koole. In Latin, Brassica Sabauda
hiberna." The winter variety mentioned by
Lobel was possibly developed in Northern
Europe; the description of it would lead
one to suppose that it was the forerunner
of the excellent Sugar-loaf and Strassburg
varieties.

As Lobels /eones was published in 1576,
when Dodonaeus was living in Germany, it
is reasonable to infer that the fact that a
new hardy variety had been developed. by

cultivation would be brought to his notice
and that he passed it on to the horti-
eulturists with whom he was associated.

At any rate quite a goodly number of new
varieties have originated in that country, of
which five are of a yellow colour.

As regards the Savoy in Britain, little
appears to have been done with it before
the end of the eighteenth century. Mason,
in 1793, catalogued simply green Savoy and
yellow Savoy: the wholesale dealers did the
same, but early in the nineteenth century
there appears to have been an advance, for
in 1836 Lawsons Manual mentions large,
Cape or Drumhead Savoy as one of the
beat for field culture.

Market gardeners found the culture a
profitable one. and Dancer of Fulham, and
Circuit of Rainham, developed grand strains
of the large, late, hardy section. Everyone
esteemed the Savoy as an excellent winter
vegetable and were contented; but the
arrival of the Early Dwarf Ulm variety
from Germany set the British growers

THE GARDENERS

thinking that large size and hardiness were
not the only points to be considered, and
skilful growers, with a keen eye for variations
of promise, and the knowledge of how best
to aid in their development and permanence,

got to work, and such varieties as Early
Dwarf, Close Curled, Little. Pixie. Tom
Thumb. and King Koffee were added to the

list. In
the St.

the meantime, France had introduced
John's Day, a variety that formed
a hend more quickly than any other French
variety. Earliest. of All, of English origin,
followed it very closely, but the palm = must
now be awarded to Germany for Zwei
Monats (two months), which is easily first.

Further additions have now been made to
the large. late section. of which the following
are a few of the most noteworthy: Victoria,
Latest of All. New Year, and = Ormskirk, of
English origin. Aubervilliers and its parent
Vertus, French; Jronhead, German, and
Norwegian the latest and hardiest of all.
Some people affirm that it is a hybrid on
account of the smoothness of its leaves,
which in the winter become deeply tinged
with violet.purple. Germany is the only
country to take the yellow varieties seriously.
which is a great pity; they mature very
quickly, and are far superior in flavour to
any green variety. S. B. Dicks.

[The PEdüors do not hold themselves responsible Jor
the opinions erpressed by correspondents.)

Enemies of the Cineraria.--Supplementary to
my notes on Cinerarias on p. 314, 1 may
state that the principal enemies of the plant
are mildew and = aphis, both of which are
easily kept in cheek jf taken in time.
Mildew 15 more common in some seasons
than in others; generally it appears during
July and August and is often caused by
insufficient ventilation or — overcrowding.
Naturally weak growth invites attack, whereas
robust and vigorous growth is resistant to
it. On the first appearance of mildew dust
the foliage. and soil with sulphur and with-
hold overhead waterings unti a cure has
been effected. Aphis may be easily con-
trolled by fumigation, but for this operation
the foliage should be quite dry. Where
only occasional plants are affected the pest.
may be destroyed by dusting with tobacco
powder after the foliage has been. syringed,
washing it off again the following day.
W. Auton.

Twin Peach and Nectarine Fruits. --[ have
recently completed the thinning of fruits in
a cold Peach-house containing about twenty
trees of different varieties, and have been
much interested to notice that nearly every
variety of both Peach and Nectarine show
a fairly large proportion of twin and triple
fruits. This is caused by the individual
flowers producing two or more pistils, which,
when fertilized, result in these irregular
specimens, which cannot possibly develop into
perfect fruits, and 1 am anxious to discover
what may be the cause of this abnormality.
Growing in the same house is ዜ tree of
Kirke's Seedling Plum, which for a number
of years past has also set a large number
of these malformed = fruits, some double, some
treble, and even some quadruple, but which
all drop off when quite small, leaving com-
paratively httle hand-thinning to be performed.
1 drew the attention of an eminent firm of
fruit-specialists to this abnormality some years
ago. when they stated it was something quite
new to them, and about a week or ten days
later they wrote stating that they had now
examined à number of their own trees of
of Kirke's Seedling Plum, and discovered they
were all acting similarly 19 mine. Perhaps,
through some omission on my part I failed

CHRONICLE.

341

to get a satisfactory explanation, therefore, |
should be much obliged .if any of your readers.
having experienced this form of trouble, can
vive any reason for it, and what, of course,
is all-important, also a **cure" for what can
scarcely be termed a “disease,” whieh may
eventually lead to a great loss in our fruit-
crops. A. T. Harrison, Culzean Castle Gardens.

Lilium Hansonii.--In the valuable note by
Mr. Arnold on Lilium Hansonii on page
297 your correspondent mentions two points
which I may be allowed to emphasise.
Both refer to the same question—that of
protection from spring frosts. Mr. Arnold
wisely recommends planting this Lily among
other plants or low-growing shrubs, and also
that a half-shaded position should be selected
for it. L. Hansonii makes growth very
early and = several times I have had my
expectations of its flowering frustrated by
spring frosts, especially with plants in a
position where they received the early
morning sun, one to be avoided with
flowers subject to injury by spring frosts.
On one occasion I remember a fine clump
with an abundance of buds being severely
injured by a late frost of exceptional
severity. The greater number of the growths
of all the outer plants of the clump had
their foliage shrivelled and the plants greatly
weakened, while not a flower opened on the
clump. Jn other seasons these late frosts
destroyed the flower-buds, greatly, of course,
to my disappointment, as I have always
looked forward with pleasure to the flowering
of this beautiful early Lily. Mr. Arnold's
experience in all respects would appear to
be similar to mine, but I trust he has had
less trouble from late spring frosts than has
fallen to my lot. S. Arnott.

Seeding of Narcissus Pseudo-Narcissus. - In
reference to Mr. Harrison's remarks (p. 303)
on Narcissus Pseudo-Narcissus being a shy
seed - bearer, | examined a small colony of
the plants in an old orchard here, and found
seed capsules in various stages of develop-
ment, and the formation of the group suggests
self-seeding as the means of increase. 1 enclose
a flower (rather faded), some leaves. and
capsules; these are typical of the whole. [
cannot understand how Mr. Harrison has
millions, if they are not self-sown seedlings.
Possibly the large numbers have impoverished
the land. which renders the flowers sterile.
J. E., Felcourt Gardens, East Grinstead.

Starlings. ‘Twice of
my attention has been directed 1o injury
caused to young trees hy the fouling of
large flocks of starlings. In one of these
cases, which occurred in a park in Kent,
several Oak, Ash. and Bireh of about
twenty — years growth, growing beside tall
Elm trees in which the birds regularly
roosted, were killed outright, others being
rendered unhealthy owing to the same
cause. The matter is becoming a serious
one, owing to the greatly increased numbers
in which the birds have appearcd of
By burning sulphur beneath the trees
dark it was thought that the birds
migrate, but not so, as they
returned to the old quarters.
have the trees suffered. but
vegetation has been completely killed out,
and the whole wood is so polluted that
entering it is by no means desirable, as
one can hardly keep to tbeir feet in the
slippery foulings. The gamekeeper on a
large estate in Hertfordshire whom 1 consulted
tells mo that he has tried the sulphur and
similar methods of getting rid of the
starlings but without success, and finds thet
only by repeatedly frightening the birds by

Trees Killed by

late

late,
after
would
gradually
Not only
undergrowing

shooting has he been successful in getting
them to abandon their old quarters. Probably
someone with more experience with these

birds can suggest a further remedy, “8 it is
not always convenient to make use of the
gun. A. D. Webster.

342

SOCIETIES.

FEDERATION HORTICOLE PROFESSIONNELLE
INTERNATIONALE.

(Concluded from p. 327).

AFTER the reception at The Hague during
the previous evening and the consequent
late return of many delegates to Zandvoort,
the members of the Conference were not
present in full numbers at the opening of
the second session at Groenendaal Park, at
nine a.m., on Friday, April 24. Mr. Ruys
commenced business about ten minutes after
time, and it was interesting to observe that
the British delegation was the best repre-
sented at that hour. M. Lucien Levavasseur
was asked to assist the President in
interpreting various matters arising.

Mr. G. W. Leak referred to the subject
of international arbitration, and presented a
proposal to the effect that in the event of
a dispute between traders representing two
nations, that the panel of each such nation
appoint arbitrators from among their traders
cognizant with the matters under dispute
und that only in the event of such arbitrators
failing to arrange an agreement should the
international arbitration committee be asked
to act as umpire. At the request of the
President this matter was left for consider-
ation later in the day, but the opportunity
did not come.

On behalf of the British delegates, Mr.
Monro proposed **that as Great Britain does
not place & tariff on imported cut flowers,
therefore it requeste that other countries do
not impose a tariff upon exports of British
cut flowers." This was seconded by M.
Chas. Pynaert, and after a few observations
by M. Turbat it was adopted without
dissent. . In previous years the British
representatives have registered a protest on
these lines, but this was the first occasion
on which & definite proposal has been put
forward. Considering the large international
support it received it would appear that our
French friends can hardly allow a definite
resolution to pass as a pious protest. The
passing of this resolution, however, raised
the general question of tarifis, and although
Mr. Monro urged that the discussion be
confined to cut flowers, the congress thought
otherwise. Mr. Bintner (Luxembourg) made
& vigorous protest against any tax on
horticultural products by any country. He
pointed out that in most cases these taxes
were imposed at the request of certain
horticultural organisations whose members
desired protection for thcir particular branch
of the industry. This, naturally, raised a
corresponding protesting tax by the country
affected by the first imposition. Mr. Bintner
urged the appointment of an international
committee composed of one florist and one
nurseryman for each country for the purpose
of considering the general question of tariffs.

When tho tariff question was introduced,
the President stated that M. Réne Barbier
had made a close study of tarifis as affecting
the horticultural trade, but his report on the
matter was not quite ready. It was a
that M. Barbier should continue to study the
question and report later so that the subject
could be briefly and effectually discussed next
year. Mr. Oldham observed that Great
Britain was a free trade country, and, there-

fore, the British delegates would not enter
the general discussion. This let loose a very
babel of tongues, and while the British

delegates admired the flow of langusge and
the eloquent expressions accompanying it, they
felt a good deal of valuable time was being
wasted. M. Levavasseur proposed that ‘The
Conference admits the principle of free trade
between each country, but if duties are
necessary and imposed, it advocates that
these duties be as low as possible." The
French delegates again pointed out that the
French duty on imported flowers was not a
tex against Great Britain but chiefly against

THE GARDENERS

Italy. Mr. Van Orshoven, Mr. Jac Smite,
M. Turbat, M. L. Levavasseur, Mr. Bintner,
and many others joined in the discussion of
the French resolution. The resolution was
carried, but the British section did not vote
on it.
The
consider

international committee appointed to
the points raised and to report
thereon to the next Conference consists of
Mr. W. R. Oldham and Mr. G. W. Leak;
M. J. van Geedereen and Mr. J. C. Mensing,
Holland; M. Chas. Pynaert and M. ፡
Timmerman, Belgium; M. M. Graindorge and
M. Levavasseur, France; Mr. J. Bintner,
Luxembourg; and Messrs. Scheletiz
Poenicke, Germany.

lt was quite natural that from the general
consideration the discussion should pass on
to the particular. And there is only one
* particular" in this case, i.e., the American
Quarantine Order. M. Chas. Pynaert opened
with & report on the situation as it occurs
at present—a gloomy one from the point of
view of the European horticultural trade.
He considered it desirable to appoint a
delegation to proceed to America to discuss
the Quarantine regulations with Dr. Marlott.
This idea did not find general favour, the
opinion being that Dr. Marlott was entirely
prejudged in favour of the scheme put
forward by the American Federal Board,
Mr. Jac. Smits and others urged that every

and

possible step should be taken to get the
Quarantine Order repealed or ite effect
reduced. When M. Pynaert suggested a

propaganda campaign in the United States in
favour of free trade for horticultural produce,
the President invited the American visitors to
express their opinion of the Order. Mrs. F.
King. President of the Ladies Garden Club
of America, stated that the members of her
Association were utterly opposed to the
prohibitional effect of the Quarantine Order,
and she expressed the view of no fewer than
6,000 women amateur gardeners. In her
opinion a delegation to Washington would be
useless; what was wanted was a sympathetic
head of the department at Washington. Mr,
A. de la Mare (Florists! Exchange) expressed
a similar view, and both he and Mrs. King
were heartily thanked for their observations,
and Mr. Pynaert and Dr. Wery were also
thanked for their efforts on behalf of free
trade with America.

Mr. Lobjoit then addressed the assembly,
and observed that the American point of
view should not be overlooked. The Federal
Board was faced with the danger of many kinds
of pests and diseases arriving with imported
horticultural produce. There were two
methods of procedure: the open door subject
to suitable tests and the closed door subject
to permits. They have closed the door
subject- to permit, and this method has
been endorsed by our Dominions in the
southern seas. At present the only way
out of the impasse appeared to be a
phytopathological service so efficiently con-
ducted that its certificate would be accepted
by America. He considered that unless the
nursery trade of each country took steps to
ensure thorough cleanliness of its produce,
nations would close their doors against
nations, and the interchange of plants and
flowers would cease.

Mr. Leak managed to get a resolution
passed to the effect ‘that the Conference of
the F.H.P.I. held at Haarlem, requests the
American Ministry for Agriculture at Wash-
ington to continue to grant permits for the
imports of European bulbs as in the past
three years." Mr. Monro suggested that the
various representatives should urge their
respective governments to immediately set
up an efficient pathological service and report
again at the next conference. Mr. Galt’s
address on this subject could not be delivered
owing to lack of time, for the conference
which promised to conclude with a modest
second session, continued late into a third
sitting.

In 1926 the conference will be held in
Paris at a date to be fixed later, when the

CHRONICLE.

May 16, 1925.

date of the Paris show has been settled.
Monsieur F. Rabier was appointed president
for the ensuing year and Mr. Stahel as
vice-president, so the conference of 1927 may
be held in Switzerland.

The President thanked Mr. Krelage for the
arrangements he had made for the conference,
and thanked the various associations which
had extended hospitality and made the visit

a pleasure to the foreign delegates. A very
hearty vote of thanks to Mr. Ruys was
given with much applause.

ORCHID CLUB.

THE second annual meeting of the Orchid
Club, held at Manchester on the 8th inst..
was the occasion of an interesting display of
Odontoglossums, Odontiodas, Miltonias, and
various species of Orchids.

PREMIER DIPLOMAs.

Odontoglossum Tyntesfield (parentage unknown).
A large, round flower of excellent quality,
four-and-a-half inches across the petals, which
are two inches deep. The sepals and petals
are flat, overlapped, white, with a lilac rose
blotch on the inner halves; the lip is very
large with two lilac rose blotches below the
yellow crest.

O. Cramore (Odm. St. James x Odm. Mars).
A beautiful flower three-and-three-quarter
inches across the petals, which are one-and-
three-quarter inch deep. The segments over-
lap, giving the flower a round form. The
sepals and petals have a large, solid crimson
blotch with a broad, white fimbriated edge.
The large, oblong, flat lip presents a large

crimson blotch and has a broad, white
fimbriated edge.
O. crispum The | Bride.—A lovely white

hybrid crispum three-and-a-half inches across
the petals and of excellent shape. The sepals
and petals are pure white, and the lip white
with a golden yellow flush beneath the crest.
All these were shown by Dr. CRAVEN
MOORE. i

A Certificate of Cultural Commendation was
awarded to Mr. W. A. STEWART, for Miltonia
Bleuana rosea.

GROUPS.

Dr. CRAVEN Moore (gr. Mr. Gilden), staged
& magnificent group of Odontoglossums and
Odontiodas combined with heavily flowered
plants of the yellow Dendrobium Thwaitesiac
Veitch’s var. which, together with bright red
Odontiodas and the full spikes of white
crispums formed a lovely combination of
colour. Among the Odontoglossums, in
addition to those which obtained the Premier
Diploma, were many fine and promising
seedlings.

B. J. Brcxton, Esq. (gr. Mr. W. A.
Stewart), staged a group of Miltonia Bleuana
varieties, conspicuous among which was the
lovely Bleuana rosea Daisy Bank var. Other
plants of interest were Angraecum Sander-
ianum, A. Leonis, the Jamaican Broughtonia
sanguinea, and Hexadefmia crurigera, a plant
from Costa Rica bearing some fifty odd,
swe»tly scented, Snowdrop-like flowers.

A. T. Cussons, Esq. (gr. Mr. F. Cookson).
staged an interesting group containing a
beautiful plant of Angraecum sesquipedale,
several plants of Oncidium Marshallianum.
Cypripedium glaucophyllum, and Eulophia
Saundersianum, among many other species.

At the annual meeting, sympathetic
reference was made to the loss which the
Club had sustained by the deaths of Mr. J. H.
Walker, the first Hon. Treasurer, and Dr.
R. N. Hartley, &n active member of the
Committee.

Eight new members have been elected
during the session. The following were
elected members of the Committee for the
session 1925-26, Messrs. A. T. Cussons, J.
Jackson, W. Morton Jackson and F. T.
Paul.

The Hon. Secretary read letters of apprecia-

May 16, 1925.

tion of the excellent work which the Club
was doing for the advancement of interest
in Orchid culture from The President, Sir
George Holford, K.C.V.O., and others.

NATIONAL AURICULA SOCIETY.

STEPPING out of the rain-laden atmosphere
of the Manchester Market Place into the
upper room of the Coal Exchange, there was
to be seen on tables ready for the judges
a delightful array of blooming plants of
Auriculas and Polvanthuses, all set out in
the order of their respective classes which
had been duly called out by the Secretary,
J. ፲0፳6፪, 7, Chapel Walks, and quickly
responded to by the exhibitors—a solemn
function—the occasion being the exhibition of
the National Auricula Society on May 9.

The characteristic feature of this the fifty-third
show, was the strength of the classes for gold-
laced Polyanthus; show Auriculas were few in
number, especially the edged varieties, but it
Was pleasant to see time honoured favourites
in examples of Trails Beauty, George Lignüt-
body, Shirley Hibberd, the bright greens of
Orient and Ossian reminiscent of Rev. F. D.
Horner and Ben Simonite; Acme and George
Rudd were in evidence, and we saw the
whit^-.edg»d Letitia, not fully expanded,
while Heather Bell seemed to bo missing.

Amongst the selfs there were Harrison Weir,
Mrs. Potts, Mikado and Bennett Pot. To see
these old stagers, with names that recall glories
of the past and many happy recollections
was like tasting again the wine of life when
the quiet and sedate pleasures of floriculture
engaged the attention of famous men and
bound them in brotherhood.

The section devoted to Alpine varieties was
well filled and numerous secdlings were on
view; the varied shades of brown on yellow
grounds predominated. Doris was the best of
the seedlings, with Brilliance à good second;

both obtained Certificates of Merit. |n the
light-centred class, with shades of purple,
Bacchus was noteworthy; a dark velvety

mauve bloom of Moonlight was charming as
to colour, but the set of the anthers in its

tube did not seem to please the judges.
With so many excellent types of seedlings
in evidence the standard of perfection 18

necessarily a very high one. Argyle, in dark
Plum shades, was an attractive specimen, much
brighter than its progenitor Argus. Dr. Pegge

was the premier alpine. The chintz effect
of these shaded alpines, with their soft,
satiny tints and delicate perfume, made a

direct appeal to flower lovers.

If one bewailed the scarcity of the green-
edged and grey-edged flowers, and the want
of diversity of the selfs, there were plenty
of seedlings of the shaded alpines to be
seen, and these gave promise of future
merit.

The attention of raisers might be directed
to the aim of separating the reds from the

blues in the purple and mauve shades and
intensifying the colour; the form they have
already. In seedling raising, shape or form
persists more than colour. The vigour of
some of the seedlings and the size of the
pips leave nothing to be desired, and in

these) days, when the fragrance of cultivated
llowers seems to be evanescent, it is good
to record the delicate scents of these jewels
of floriculture.

The absence of bright sunshine which hus
been the feature of this season's weather is,
no doubt, responsible for the rarity of the
blooms of tho edgsd varieties of Show
Auriculas, even at so late a date as the
ninth May. The Alpine varieties. would seem

to respond more readily to the dull light
that has prevuiled, and they have yielded
their trusses of bloom at or near tho

accustomed time.
Turning to the brave
gold-laced Polyanthus. a
lit up the group and

show made by the
gleam of sunlight
caused some of the

THE GARDENERS’

pips to sparkle like gems of the first water.
Ot the dark grounds, Blink Bonny, an old
timer, was the best, and Black Bess, a new
seedling, obtained a certificate. In the red-
ground class Valour obtaincd a medal as a
very fine seedling in red, correctly laced
with gold. Mrs. Brownhill was also a good
specimen.

In a group put up by Mr. MoTTERSHEAD,
of Crewe, were two specimen seedlings of
gold-laced Polyanthus— Diana and C. W.
Neeham, both of which obtained Certificates of
Merit.

Mr. C. FAULKNER showed a charming and
diverse group of various types of Primulas
illustrating the wide range of colouring these
flowers give. Mr. K. THompson, of Hale, won

the cup for Auriculas and the cup for
Alpines, on points. Mr. W. GnmiNDRON, of
Rochdale, was the winner of the cup for

Gold-laced Polyanthuses.

Every encouragement is given by the
society to amateurs, together with the
printed advice and instructions. C. W. N.

Obituary.

Richard Pinches.—It is with very great
regret we learn of the death of Mr. Richard
Pinches, who passed away on Saturday,
May 9. Mr. Pinches was sixty-five years of
age, and had been ill since last Christmas,
suffering, unfortunately, from an incurable
disease. He was well known throughout
the metropolitan district by reason of his
association with many of the floricultural
societies. Formerly he took n considerable
interest in the Horticultural Club and in
the proceedings of the National
themum Society, and more
devoted a great deal of time to the work
of the British Carnation Society and the
Horticultural Trades’ Association. His business
was that of wire-worker and manufacturer
of labels, notably the Acme labels, and in

recently had

the conduct of this business he succeeded
his father, Mr. John Pinches, at Crown
Buildings, Camberwell. He was extremely

horticulturists who made
his acquaintance, and his death will ከ6
greatly deplored. We offer our deepest
sympathy to his son, Mr. Tristan Pinches,
and his daughter, Miss Phyllis Pinches.

popular among all

TRADE NOTES.

A SALE of growing bulbs held last week
at Spalding. in the Fen Country, attracted
a goodly company of buyers. The bulbs,
which came under the hammer, were the
property of Mr. Councillor E. H. Gooch, the
sale taking place at Clay Lake Bank. The
highest price realised was £175, paid by Messrs.
J. T. White and Son for a plot of Narcissus
ornatus, the approximate number of bulbs
being $8,920; while Mr. Dearnley gave £170

for about 70,680 Golden Spur. Mr. O. W.
D'Aleorn bought 21,650 Glory of Lisse for
£100. Messrs. J. T. White and Son gave

prices of £65, £37, and £30 for plots of
Pheasant Eye, Double White, and ornatus,
Tulips in a general way made fair prices.
£12 10s. being given for 7,080 Inglescombe
Yellow, £4 15s. for 4,800 Clara Butt, £6 10s.
for 4,800 Cramoisie Brilliant, and £7 10...
for the same number of White Swan. For
5,370 Keizerskroon £10 was given. and £14. 15s.

was realised for 4,800 Wiliam Copland.
Perhaps the best price was £17 for 4,800
Princess Elizabeth.

bd

We understand that the beautiful Narcissus
Solomon, exhibited by Mr. F. Herbert Chapman
ut the recent meeting of the Royal Horti-
cultural Society, is not a Poetaz variety, as
suggested in our report on p. 326. It is

CHRONICLE.

Chrysan-:

343 -

almost a pure bred Poeticus on both sides,
but much larger and with a more strongly
coloured rim than any Poeticus variety yet
seen. We understand that Mr. Chapman has
$old the entire stock of the variety.

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

BEECH Bark DisEASED: A. J. The Beech
bark sent for examination is full of fungus.
We have seen similar bark on trees that
are suffering from root trouble and from
injury to trunk and branches. The wood
below such bark is usually dead, and trees
80 affected rarely recover. The trees some-
times keep alive for several years owing to
a strip of wood and bark remaining alive;
gradually, however, the fungus kills this
living wood and there is a sudden collapse
when the trees are in full leaf. All that
can be done is to remove the dead bark,
paint the wood with a twenty per cent.
solution of carbolie, and follow with a
dressing of tar.

Box TREE Bark DAMAGED: W. R. B. The
source of the injury to your Box tree bark
is not known, although the injury may be
due to a beetle. If you could keep a close
watch upon the injured trees it might be
possible to catch the insect, or whatever is
responsible for the injury, at work. If you
could send us an example of whatever is
gnawing the bark we should be pleased to
have it identified for you.

Kew STUDENTS’ EMOLUMENTS: L. G. A. A
young student gardener at Kew is paid
25s. (basic rate) per week, and the bonus
at present is 20s., making 45s. per week.
Saturday afternoon duty, which usually comes
every third week, is paid for as overtime
at ls. 4d. per hour. Sunday full day duty
is paid at the rate of ls. 7d. per hour,
and usually occurs every third or fourth
week. It is not necesary to purchase text
books for the lectures. Exercise books for
note-taking at the lectures are provided free.
Lodgings, etc., usually cost about 30s. per
week.

NAMES OF Prants. C. H. G.: 1, Berberis
Darwinii; 2, Lonicera alpigena; 3,
Buddleia Lindleyana; 4, send in flower; 5,
Spiraea van Houttei; 6, too withered to
identify. B. F. Berberis aristata; l,
Veronica buxifolia; 2, V. buxifolia var.;
3, V. anomala; 4, V. elliptica: J. G. L. 1,
Narcissus bicolor Grandis; 2, N. Mme. de
Graaff; 3, Tulip Prince of Austria; 4, T.
Crimson King; 5, T. Cramoise Brilliant; 6,
T. Thos. Moore:

Roses AND Pansies: G. A. ር. Considering

that your soil is a very poor and chalky
one, it would be undesirable to plant
Pansies or Violas underneath the Roses

unless the ground is exceptionally well
manured and frequently fertilised. So far
us we are able to judge however, nothing
should be allowed to compete with the
Roses and Lilies.

TRANSPLANTING HoLLiEs: T. E. Hollies
may be transplanted as readily in autumn
as in the spring, the exact time depending
on the weather and the condition of the
ground. A safe guide is to move them
so soon as the current season's growth is
sufficiently ripened to prick the hand
when gently squeezed, provided also that
the ground is not too dry: After planting,
see that they are securely fastened from
movement by high winds and a good
soaking of water may also be given with
advantage. Planting operations should be
done as quickly as possible, so that the
plants are out of the ground no longer than
is necessary.

Communications Received.—J. T.—b. C.—H. M.

Ltd..—C. W. A.—A. G.—SB. D.—W. A.—A. U.—
R. L. H.—J. D.—A. B.—J. E.—A. B. R.—t€. R.

244

MARKETS.

COVENT GARDEN, Tuesday, May 12th, 1925.
Plants in Pots, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.
(All 48's except where otherwise stated).

Adiantum s. d. s. d. 8. d. s. d.
cuneatum waasi Crotons, per doz. 30 0-45 0
r doz. es ;
— ... 10 0-19 0 | Cyrtomium — ... 10 0-15 0
Erica melanthera,
Aralla Sieboldii... 9 0-10 0 458 per doz, 21 "
— per 30 0-42 0 | ^ 00'S per doz. 8 0-10 0
LEO Marguerites, white,
Asparagus plu- 12 0-18 0 48's per doz. ... 15 0-18 0
mosus ... es Nephrolepis, in
—Sprengeri .... 12 0-18 0 variety ... ... 12 0-18 0
Aspidistra, green 36 0-60 0 | —32's E ... 24 0-36 0
Asplenium, r Palms, Kentia ... 30 0-48 0
OX ... os F 0-18 : “608 .. ... 15 0-18 0
ክል or oso | Pteris, in variety 10 0-15 0
— 1 ማጣ
Oactl, per tray, Zamal .. :: 40-50
—12's, 15's . 50-70 | —79' per tray
Cinerarias, doz. 15 0-24 0 of 15's ... .. 26-30
Cut Flowers, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.
tum deco- s.d.s.d. s. d. s. d,
— doz. bun. 18 0-24 0 Orchids, per doz.
—cuneatum, per —Cattleyas — ... 24 0-36 0
doz. bun. ... 12 0-15 0 | —Cypripediums... 50-70
Richardias (Arums)
Asparacus, plu- per doz. 50-60
mosus, per bun.
long trails, 6's 5 0- 3 0 Roses, per doz.
med. sprays ... 1 6-26 blooms, Rich-
short ,, . 09-13 mond... . 3 0- 3 0
—Sprengeri, per bun. | -Liberty ... . 30-50
long sprays 16-20 —Madame Butter-
med. ,, .. 1 0-1 ^ ተ ን 30-50
v 04-1 —Mme. e
ich Chatenay . 3040
Bouvardia, white, : —Melody 7 30-40
per doz. oun... 9 0-120 Molly Sharman
Carnations, r srawford, 36-46
doz. blooms sti 30-16 —Niphetos 26-36
Croton leaves, —Ophelia ... 40-50
var., doz. leaves 0 9 5 6 — 40-50
Daffodils— eae DET
—Barrli, per doz. 3 0- 60 box, 12/8, 183... 4 0- 6 0
—Emperor, per Ruscus, French,
doz. bun. .. 40-60 per bun. . 10-20
Fern, French, per Smilax, per doz.
doz. bun. E 09-13 trails... . 30-36
Galax, American, Spanish Iris, per
green and bronze, doz. bun.—
per doz. bun... ፦ 30 —Blue . 18 0-30 0
Gladiolus, Blush- u MET ከ
n e per = ee be
doz. bun. ... 18 0-24 0 Yellow ... . 24 0-36 0
— White. per doz. Statice, mauve ... 50-80
bun. ` , ... 24 0-30 0 Si phanotis per
—Peach Blossom, 72 pips... 36-40
per doz. bun. ... 24 0-30 0 per English
Gypsophila, white, white... 90-18 0
doz. bun. .. 20-60 | Sweet Peas, per
Ixia, red, doz. bun. 3 0- 5 0 doz. bun. ... 90-180
—Mixed, doz. bun. 3 0- 4 0 Tulips; per buche ae
— Aarie -
E per TN 0 | —Clara Butt ... 10-20
pikes ... Pa —Wm.Copland... 10-20
Lilium speciosum —Farncombe
rubrum, long, Sanders. ... 13-16
per doz. blooms 40-50 | —White Swan 10-16
Thee longiflorum 30-40 | vViolas,perdoz-bun. 1 0- 1 6
long, perdoz.... 40-50 | French Flowers—
Lily-of-the-Valley, Anemone, St.
perdoz. bun. ... 24 0-36 0 Brigid .. .. 26-50
Narcissus— Marguerite, yellow,
—Double White, perpad.. ... 60-70
per doz. bun. ... 12 0-15 0 Marigolds, per pad 5 0- 6 0
—Poeticus, per Stock, double
doz. bun. 3 0-46 white, per pad

24 bunches ... 10 0-12 በ

Nigella Blue, per
: —double coloured 10 0-12 0

doz. bun. . 120-15 0 |

REMARKS.—AIL white blooms remain very firin in price,
the general supplies being even shorter. than. last week.
ላ larger supply of double white Stock. will be greatly
welcomed from home growers, Tor. Freneh supplies are
practically finished for the season. The first. consigninent
of double white Narcissus (lore plena) is expected: daily
from the Channel Islands. Narcissus Poetieus is now
taking the place of N. ornatus. Datfodils are arriving in
fairly large quantities from Scotland, the varieties con-
sisting mostly of Emperor and Grandee. Riehardias
are gradually lessening in quantity. therefore prices are
firmer, Blooms o£. Millum longiflorum are better. in
quality and sufficient. for present. requirements at a
moderate price. Tn addition to Gladioli Blushing Bride
and Peach Blossom, the first. box of The Bride (white)
reached the market last week: a very weleome addition,
Amongst [rises blue. is the most plentiful: white and
Vellow varieties are more numerous and much improved
in «quality, but prices remain firm for home-crown blooms.
Tulips are again more plentiful and their priees are on
the down grade. Many boxes. of outdoor blooms are
already on sale, and are preferred to those grown indoors
on aecount or the better colour. Carnations and Roses
show little change from last week, the supplies of the

7 'H E GA RDENE RS CHRONICLE. |

latter being the most numerous. The newest arrivals in

this department. are Cornflower and Nigella ( Love-in-
a-Mist). | Sweet Peas are better in quality and met
with a good demand, for which reason their prices

remain firm.

Fruit : Average Wholesale Prices.

Apples— 8. d. s. d. s. d. s. d.
—Albermarle ... 45 0-60 0 Lemons, Messina,
= Oregon New- M per box... ... 80-100
wn ... 16 0-19
New Zealand Apples— —Muria .. ... 15 6-16 0
E Orange Dd —Naples ... ... 12 0-20 0
in ... ..» መፓ ው:
— — ... 18 0-20 0 Melons (Forced) 3 0- 8 0

—Dunn’s Seedling 17 0-18 0

eas Pears 5 0- 8 0 pepe Ms . 14 0-16 0

asmanian— $

—Cox's Orange | —S800'8 ... ...18 0-32 6
SPD den As is ar ; —$60’s ... 16 0-24 0

—Jonathan — 0-19 , í

—Ribston Pippin 15 0-17 0 —604'8 ... - ... 16 0-22 6

—Cleo io ..17 0-20 0

—Others ... . 13 0-15 0 English Peaches, ; ;

Bananas .. ... 16 0-27 0 per doz. os 1507320

Figs. (Forced) doz. 6 0-24 0 Pears, South

Grapes— African—

። ከ 26-350 | Beurt Bosc 50-60

—Hambro, perlb. 40-60 | —poyenne du

— Muscat ... ... 10 0-12 6 Comice ... 8 0-10 0

—South African— . l

—White Hanepoot 6 0-10 0 —Josephine 500-006

—Red Hanepoot 8 0-10 0 ae Teen

— Colmar ... ... 10 0-12 0 —keiffers s - 40

Grape Frult, Pine: 3650
Cuban ... .. 250-300|. 05 :

—Jamaica ... 29 0-30 0 | Strawberries, per

—Florida, finest 27 6-37 6 Ib. T .. 4 6-10 0

Vegetables : Average Wholesale Prices.
x, d.s. d. 8. d. 8. d.
Asparagus— Mint, Forced, per
—Evershain 50-00 doz. a .. 40-12 0
—Special 10 0-12 0 Onions, Valencia,
— Devon .. 6 0-120 r case ... 15 6-17 0
Beans, Guernsey, — Egyptian, per
per lb. ... . 10-20 bag — ... 11 0-12 0
—Worthing . 16-20 — English, per cwt.12 6-14 0
— Madeira, per —Spring ... . ሙጫ 40
box m .. 3 & 60 Parsnips, percwt. 3 0- 40
Beets, per cwt.... 50-80 Peas, French, per
Cabbage, pertally 7 6-100 cane... .. 30-70
Canary Island —Guernsey forced
Tomatos ... 18 0-25 0 per lb. ... . 18-20
Cauliflowers, per Potatos, Canary
doz... .. 26-40 Island ... ... 10 0-14 0
Chicory, per lb... 0 7-08 Potatos, per ton—
Carrots, new, per —Dunbar ... 240 0-260 0
doz. bun. . 6080 —King Edward 200 0-240 0
Cucumbers, per —Others ... 90 0-160 0
05. Sis .. 4050 —New Guernsey lb. 0 5-0 8
—Flats, 368, 42'8 10 0-16 0 | —Jersey ... `.. 05-0 8
Dutch Onions ... 11 6 12 6 —Scelly .. .. 06-0 &
Endive, per doz. 1 6- 2 6 —Spanish, new,
—Batavian, per per cwt. ..90 0-22 0
doz. ae .. 80836 Radishes—
French Asparagus— —Round ... .. 1 0-5 0
—Cavaillon . 13-16 Rhubarb, Forced,
—Lauris ... 16-30 per doz. . 13-10
Greens, best, per —" Natural" pe
es .. ወዑ 60 doz. .. .. 50-70
Horseradish. per Seakale, Natural,
bundle ... . 20-2 E — — 8 0-10 0
Leeks, per doz. » : per bushel 3 ዑ- 4 0
bundles... ... 26-36 oa English,
Lettuce, per dor. — — ink l .. 1 3-14
—Cos eee Us 80-90 — Blue US A 12 0-14 0
— Dutch, per EMT —White .. .., 12 0-14 0
crate... .. 20-70 —Pink White .. 13-14
Mushrooms, cups 2 6-3 6 — Guernsey . 13-16
—brollers ... .. 20-286 Turnips, new, per
Marrows, doz. ... 60-120 doz. bun. .. 9 0-100

REMARKS.—The brighter weather has been a big factor
in the improvement both in. the. demand and supply of
most commodities handled in Covent Garden. Australasian
Apples are in good demand at slightly better prices.
Grapes and Pears from the Cape are in heavy supply and
are selling well. Hothouse Grapes are arriving in better
quantities and selling fairly weli. Choice fruits, such as
forced Peaches, Strawberries and Melons are also in
favour. Hothouse vegetables, such as Beans, Peas and
new Potatos are generally an. easier trade mainly owing to
increasing supply. Tomatos have developed. rapidly and
the price level is lower in consequence. Large. numbers
ot Cucumbers are. being marketed and they are. selling
freely. Mushrooms, after a long period of steady prices
at a good level. are inclined. to ከዮ easier in value.
Salads are selling freely. Better class vegetables, such as
Seakale and Cauliflowers, are in firm = demand. Green
vegetables are also a better trade. Trade in old Potatos
in quiet.

GLASGOW.

From a business standpoint. May is generally one of
the worst months of the year iu the cut flower market.
The old superstition against May weddings still prevails:
the rent. day falls on the 15th, and to add to. these
adverse influences, the weather has been most. unseason-
able. In. view of these adverse factors, combined with
abundant supplies, prices were more. satistactory than
might have been expected. Tulips were very mixed in
quality. but indoor-zrown blooms of William Copland,
Clara. Butt, Farncombe Sanders; and Afterglow made 1 —

May 16, 1925.

to 1d for 6's, outside blooms averaged 6d. to 9d.. and
small specimens of White Swan brought 4d. to 6d. for
1273, W. Coplands, 5d . to 9(11. ; Gris de Lin, 5d. ; Prince or
Austria, 7d. to 8d., and Murillo (blown), 31. to 4d. Iri»
Imperator kept firm at 2 6 to 2 9 per dozen, and Guernsey
Blue, 6d. to 9d. for 6's, Daffodils commanded higher
values, Emperor ranging from 4 - to 6 — per dozen, Barrii,
26 to 3.-; large Pheasant Eye, 3,6 የበ 3-: Glory and
Grandee, 3 - to 4 -; Horstieldii, 6 - to 8-, while special
Cleopatra from Hightleld made 18-7, Carnations were
unaltered in price at 2 - to 53 -, all colours. Richardia-
realised 3 - to 6 - for English. and 4 - for G uernsey bloom-.
while Lilium longiflorum (Harrissii) were cheaper at 3 6 to
4-. Roses were in fair demand at 2- to 4- for Rich-
mond, 4 6 to 3 6 for Madame Butterfly, and 3 6 to 5- for
Mrs. H. Stevens. Asparagus brought 1] - to 13 per
bunch, Lily-of-the- Valley, 6d.. Gypsophila, 6d. to l-, and
Ixia, 3 - to 4--.

Pot and bedding plants are now arriving in greater
quantities. Spiraeas sold at 1.9 to 2.6 per pot, Aspidistras
1-- 10 16, Ferns at a L- to 13. Geraniums at a l-.
while Sweet Peas made 2- to 2.6 per dozen packet-,
Wallflowers and Polyanthus, 1 - to 1,6, and small Azaleas
(Dutch), 4 - to 6 - per dozen,

New season's vegetables found a ready sale. Cucumbers
ranged from በ- to 9-, French Beans, 19 to 2-:
Asparagus, 1 9 to 2 3; Carrots and. Turnips, 9d. and 10d.:
English and Dutch Lettuees, 2 - to 29: Seotch Lettuces.
j-; Seakale, 12 ; Radishes, 3-7; Syboes 4 - የበ 3.--;
Parsley, 6 —; Peas, 7 - per bag: Teneriffe Potatos, 12 —
and 13 -; Spring Cabbage, 5 6 per pot: Guernsey Tomatos,
1 6 10 L9 per lb., and Teneriffe Tomatos, 22 - to 30 - per
bundle. Cauliflowers advanced to 8 - per dozen, while
forced Rhubarb continued dear at 26- ewt. Field-grown
varieties averaged 16 --.

Business in the fruit market was a little slow at the
beginning but improved towards the close. Scotch and
English Strawberries were down to b- and 8 - per ib.,
English Peaches made 18 - to 24 - per dozen, while home-
grown Grapes sold at 36 to 46. Pears were again a
feature and ripe fruit was in good demand. Cape Doyenné
du Comice averaged 8 6 to 9-7: Winter. Nelis. Josephine
de Malines, and Glou Morceau, 6 - to 7 -: Keitfer. 4.6 to
26: Beurré Bosc, 66 to 76: Beurré Diel. 56 to 60:
Australian. Beurré Bose, 7 - to 9 -, and. Williams's Bon
Chretien, 143 - to 16 -- half case. Australian. Cleopatra.
Jonathan, Ribston Pippin and Sturmer Pippin Apples fuc-
tuated between 17 6 and 20 -, በክብ Oregon Newtowns, 15 -
10 22 -. Grape Fruit rose to 33 - for 64's, and 35 - for
70's, and the average prices of Oranges were as ifollow :—
Murcia, 300 and 240. 18 - to 20 -: 504 and 420. 17 - tea
19 -; Valencia, 240, 15 -; 360, 17 - : 300. 19 -, and 420. 24 —
to Zl -. Cape Grapes were firm, red Hanepoot realising
from 12 - to 156: white. 10 6 to 12 በ: Gros Colmar, 16 -
to 18 -, and Waltham Cross, 12 - to 14 -.,

THE WEATHER IN APRIL.

APRIL was a sunny. month with very westerly winds.
Air pressure was somewhat low, and slight showers were
frequent: but the atmosphere was drier than usual and

other factors—mean temperature, wind speed, evapor-
ation, and subsoil water level—were nearly normal.

Ozone was very abundanf.. The mean temperature was
ፋ).9 ', or a trifle of 0.2 above the average. Of sunshine,
nearly 193 hours were recorded. or 23 more than usual.
Rain fell on 18 days. or four above the normal number.
hut the total fall was only. 1.69 ineh, or 0.14 inch less
than the average. Moderate gales occupied 18 hours of
the 1311) day. and on the morning of the 16th a “ whole
gale" developed, in whieh a run. of 60. miles of wind
was registered Tor the hour centreing at 6 a-m., and, in
gusts, a rate of NO. miles per hour was attained. much
young tree and garden growth being blackened. Ground
frost) occurred) በቤ nine nights, but the exposed ther-
mometer never fell below 23 , and there was no frost in
the sereen, A thunderstorm was experienced on the
evening of the Sth; and slight. showers of hail on the
131ከ, 23rd, and :28th. No fog was reported. Joseph
Barendell, The Fernley Observatory. Southport.

GARDENING APPOINTMENTS.

lately employed by Mrs.
F. PARKER, af Norcross, Carleton-le-Fylde, near
Blackpool, and formerly at Ashton. Gardens, St.
Annes-on-Sea, has been appointed Parks Super-
intendent to the Borough af Workington, Cum-
berland.

' Mr. R. H. Turner, for three years Gardener to Capt.

l R. G, BUXTON, Pettygards Hall, Kings Lynn, Norfolk.

' and previously for seven years Foreman at Didlington
Hall, Norfolk, as Gardener to F. N. H. Winns. Esq..
Miserden Park. Cirencester, Gloucestershire. (Thanks
for 2s. for R.G.O.F. Box.—Enps.)

Mr. Alfred Edney. for the past six years. Gardener to
B. GooDMAN, Esq. Edgbaston. Birmingham., as
Gardener to J. M. STOKES. Esq.. Hill Crest. Evesham,
Worcestershife. (Thanks for 15. for R.G.O.F. Box.—
Eps.).

Mr. Henry Graydon,

CATALOGUES RECEIVED.

SALE AND Son (Wokingham). LTD.. Wokingham, Berk-
xhire. Vegetable plants, bedding plants, ete.

J. CARTER. AND Co. Raynes Park, S.W.20.—Tools and
garden requisites,

HURST AND Soy,
(Wholesale).

152. Houndsditeh, E. I. — Bulbs

PH REA v C CUR.

— — — — — A e — መሙ

THE GARDENERS 4

M ki
— — —“ cba Am m m Re -

Max: RU 1923.

poe — — — — — — — — ——

ce oo — dei ፡ c — f x 25.
i
፥
t

» --፦->- — —— — ——

The United ሺ orti
|ROVIDES Die pet. — te "ጨጨ. der Jn
ot et 29... < be fd. wee dy

PROFIT BY

8j- Stor 94; | |
3 THE EXPERIENCE

| gontributions. X ^
ROVIDES your ተ —— with £ 2n. 45 or
0:8! death, according 43 Seale: 0000
Tx ROVIDES. you. with & Savings: Bank dd
"CORONIS. granta: rom. Dime 1. 656.
CORA velescent. Funds.

ወር

de

OF A MEMBER

zv M A Private and a Markey — 8 — iin an

ና am m oi 44 disci ።8፻ሮ፡< The adwán — M Mn

(enc I [

EUo CME ng, Overton,” Doc aX, ane ኪዜቨ86።፡,
እ ስ Panton Wa neu tou AR fnb አ ሐ! ር Rares}

UM

WHO HAS £156.
TO HIS CREDIT

— —
í "

" CHRYSANTHEMUMS -

For Greenhouse and Garden :

ይዝ Strong Plants Ready Now. | — — Sa aS n |
E Oe m pa eril I UE ne 666666 Lm |
“GREENHOUSE FLOWERING | a oe |.

12 New Decorative Varieties of 1924, 1g- —
፲2 Decorative Varieties, Wed. 6 01s

rg Varjenes, ditto, 4... ፡ E

12 New Singles, 2023» po.

2 Older Singles) Ya i

CRRYSARTHENUMS ‘FOR GARDEN

During “the last few vééts s» great advance

end been. made. 3n the: waproventent of Garden os

ums. —
fi ‘Novettion: of Mat. hus

Ta
ta Fine Varieues ob orge3. 8”

iz
412.

A2
12
1x

ii New Single Warienes of 124. T4. $
PE Bow — Warieties, Me a 1
RES JDAHLIAS — d
! Saa l Cecküa. Sicilie: fhet maeke, 6-. es ;
SPA Decorative: ^ USSR AHN —— S
Sa Show 705^ b Won — te s |. *
Collaretie | ee fe Lore ^ Ne | jh

Smr
Coltness

፣ e u
‘Bedding Dahlia, Te

12 — T eliaw; Dwarf Bedding Duta e com: -
pamon to above, 10/- — ne : [o Jf. Volasshtenses er rected dy; Tenn.
“FUCHSIAS, Ete. — | , P Limited. 4
a2 Eine arietes of Fuchsiaa,. Te & ፳-.. 5 Ane extenstye - range “ot —— esiens. as

GEF lvydesved. Peranias 1/6 -

$2 Coleus, fine colours, in 52 varieties: 7/6 ard 5- T

“FOR: A ርሐ TALOGUE.

ASK

"ጨር Dent met

Varieties including, s0mé néwri “sorta, BS Pos

— — —

BAR Ana wg Pm a — መ uae ak en ታ- AMA Pop ur — eg care " ”ጃ '..

2

"HEC EUR ades doe yare —— i

: “aye ays: acaibille 10. choose: is FOR, «fate
plete wih Heating:

/"&ppoetatus ;.

Nem
AE Pe PS

E

— — — ዳማ otek aa P di Nai ge Due pee,

8 %ቬ i
ስሎ *

J 1 E
^ »

AC

—

- Mr. ከ. nues Paeses b Duer y Gandon TE, MT or
፡ብ፡. Xs «ር SECRETARY, rd ALEXANDRA ROAD, ‘WEST — We 15. |

እ“ ዔቃ ካኑ ror ል.
once iS — — à

* > Z 2 ; k P : = —
ችል E
aS TAX › - " -
— — — — — HÀ —À — — — — — MM — — M —— M — — —— — — — —À

| | | $i
Plumbago. ‘Capensis — ko መ ; t Potting: and Heer House: Ww i “every 3 —
Ryo ale CE E —— K —
idera. over s|- aent post free for C.W: 6. Mike $e wader ESEE —— am MEE:
under’ that amount 6d. for: postage: m i “We ates able to: offer Yol. ክር ዐር af sj —
Catalogue fre: on application. | nA [ "Ant expert: acum ak: ‘Designers, and re ከ... ማል EN i uou A *
J. W. COLE & SC ON, di too wiliug te advise cn any subject BENI : pes
"Midland Rewd Nar "T -Shoubi - dean aa. desire ህር. will sepul ong o 868489. : ROOF GREENHOUSE, ፡፡ 3 Eos
P ETERBO ROUGH. ፡::4. cTRHI — Abie: m 65/1 sth youn: ps Span. Roe. "Hasc bus DNUS NN
Wo prepare: "esp: der any king 21 Bore: | sections: for easy "erectiod, is ideal p o :...
|:81-. X ከ[፻50. wor. ንም አን ቁት IN UN ae where outy. * limited Space 15 ን ስን A NR
“8 ) SP TALIS SEE gta sections, with: bolts pr: easy Sy mS pe
! - Hiestrated. ጋ vit be. ` erection. Painted one: oat. RU iar fut —— TM
E በ፻) ዓቢ sent pn. — t5. Dept. AM, GC... s to size and. packer 18: —— OS
i 12535 quinis Tax Wen die 3s un EAMUS, - (:8522. Poxc So Sie: 10: D R n —
SuGN! houses!) ESN 109002 X Vea 2 aenation- Af glazed at ጋ 460. painted: dod aee
1 j | dona SS Jy. atti Ry tg et toe 499 Pw, Seriya: Coats: ese d iue t EARBS, d prt ent: ts E Su
CASE (,3(0(:8/8ጄ8105..( NS TRE. POR Ask — damage. X32: x E ፡9. J—
STRUI H ire eee NON PENAT AU dice ር jo easet
a ኣ P. ^ .. k ፍ an M" * EN aS CDS od etate V. ME he M *t st ET ng eng ቦ; አ; xil AV; thes የ. "e ^ us
“| i * "uu zu at the. fol s el Èx: d actes — ር ን ቫይ v ut. Ap D a M Aa —
x i p KO RANIN S | .= |: culture «56; Chetrea, May — v paye fr gonr. — Pat hole AD de BORE eK ES s
— ግ —— ——— Mand; AS Mali. bere > OQ Cost o ቁ መር “Menton "ይር 1 — —
w TRESEDER. LTD. "HE | Wyo ገኔ Là pos
‘The ‘Nurseries — 22:9... it £z ጤ 8* — um pu TAM
ገ. ; ከ: UT iE ep one IE
—— ‘CARDIFF cow der YY በዲዚ | ዘዐ፳/ባር8851(5፤ሀመ |
s D A H L TAS| |. ሪክ OFFICE 135-137 7 QUEEN VICTORIA STEC | 11:1.
1... E earam. Bout £ Cent ን አውስ Telephone AGW E Cent. Not

—

050868 DILLISTONE |

= - ይጠርዘ Brebite aro |.

A ^.

፡ n አዱ =< A

5 ወያ eck : ፡፳ ጦያ n ኳ =F rae
z ti tu v1 AL Vee RS 9 p A

5 ty t 4 . »

My- Tarden je 9:5:66ዩ፡.".
sofite thing, Gawai |
Resse. bp.

42€ Lana Boas :
. [ክሯጩ —
— f e. “44.

6981 biel — à

Pera: ero, — UU
fhe viet 272 = £s ers 47. dies.

ቺ "n ens. if

FAV ING. wad ms appaitimment: 48.
SA (Director: oC RE Wallace & Wok nb.
8 ዝክ thar: ‘firm.
ae Winder: s dy AL Landscape” ሀዘ Garden: —
x Desien, fi pannen v teeminafes ou i une. api = s

2: አጠነ P |

E: x Bes earnest: ad cdit devalion: to the:
2 ptiocilee nt Garden: Art, 1 hope to c canpque rj.
| CANC dies Work. 35. a Designer of. Gardens,
aE and Galiani on all matters apperraimpig |
d: de the garden, and. shall welcome baits aden |

E

ro the mans ‘venders nt the” a Ksardépens
honde” ae. wham mx nare. às. quite wes
= low, ot "m shall = des pleased ተ 19 supply. DU እ.
ae — at dac ‘aad. përsonat: Apptecia- ) Ue ds
] tons: n 516918... : extending 7 ever. Tien) vut
| 16 incessant practten! ixpiériénce. 4

— feros
‘Garden —

ል -« JS , Ks " - Le
p " “= o ote
Vor cuo ይን እሆት GIC NOTI au bx = 5 —
"t i « gt FT ና
2 8 . T RE — <
— — < -
. Nini ዶ› የ " ኦ 85”:> 2%:-2ቺ

"አያላ | N ne ቃ ; ያ 7 :

h / ‹ is 00. . ‘ x ,

f — ^

Binden. Erata of ——— 2r v

KINGSTON. /ONTHA AMEE

Sy, h

2f

Ut. ኔ »
——— —— DERE
i ee ፦---”
ነ " VLA Ws: — —

5፡6 faithfully, E

GEO RGE

pn HLLISTONE.

dee “easier - Ld

E NO. infer dar: duree p 88 — Sure Pe oe
cud ከ አ ና the sarie case: $ oe ed

odo ve E

4 i

ree. Vnd 3 a መ
for “explana tery Booklet. |
nU SE fat - Prave: ths. n A ena ss
jon. Ju CS DF.
ዘህ ።. መዘ
Jue PS. pet — አይ

in pots with Pub sets
can be. supplied NOW.

— — — — —

s HE far 08፻ . WE xlubit -
NS at. the C helses Shaw iE m-
| 1[,በክጠሓ[ end uf No. 1 Vent.

A Head Gardener.
c7 Wertes. e UM
COH Rape 7”...
- yb ists ET ET xt
7o ttr uid - ሆሪ Wet
EA — Mc
ix Apte fes. Ug ተቂ ያ”

E *
HE. |

‘Thomas Rivers. & Soir. ጨ
The: Nurseries x

| SAWBRIDGEWORTH, HERTS.
Sarion; aston, 3 bo 3 Be 8.

ድ, Super ሺ were Lido 7
Meynell | Road c Tipiese.

— —

—
d pr^ ካኔ
^ tm 4 t ^ ቀ | , X f
ር — 2 OB 4 DENIED GER ዳሁ — —— ም. ገና 8: CER — iid
— zx ^ ox ሰረ ን d f v 3 ፡ x s — <
ሁወ ] » 3 M AA ካቤ
v " PESES] ሪ 5 r j ' I

BE SURE I ) 8] [ans desque

“ይፐ CH iN i py | | መመ x TT ፡ pr — zl TURF LOAM.
|| 23 ር ጩን 706 Geir syare * "c AS.

IN: IDE d | 2! 'COWSLIPS, POLYANTHUS, &c. — ‘pe | ዝመ Fibrous. Yellow. Turf Loam
PALM eo con. 5 |||] seen in’ bloom te. be: enjosed. Participate ]| i ue. BERR SORDU 5. , CARNATIUNS,.

3 i * ibd this ገ9ኙ ኮነ visting De group: at spare: ROSES; —
| amd Group b: BAY TREES e

—————— ወ ውውው መ - መሙ “መሙ
የ ር -

y. Chelsea: Show =- Tent 11. “Grnap: X E
111098 seid for C. ataloduo:- x

ATORRIE & TOME

OF "Tiny Seedling. TUE:

opos "site the Roek Gardens:

^ —2*4 pA * EN
ባው Napa ee Ny ee A
| ሠ g *

1925. 44.=።

| Method

a ee

THE GARDE: VERS |

ተከተተ —

| ይለቨ11ለ8... ......

My

ሸጀ DUM bent; ዝ863.

TS ‘SPRAY. Prud

ihe Bot አከ preparon, for apie

oig. Medi o eA
— ፪፻ ጮ 400 paria «/ መመ ም ን መ 4
መ "Gall. 045, 2) ROL S t e ork
V # well, £308. M A — XM i
ARSENATE DE ‘LEAD PASTE.
for. Hestroying caterpillars, - —— 1
... #3,2' 28 ' * 2905. is
* deae x £ F (MP: ian

FUNGOID DISEASES

COOPER'S FUNGICIDE un lnpravéd...
Bordeats mixtuse—is the ieiet veriedy, o
i : 588;4#: mix with «eld. wer: s

EL. X. ae x

! *& 5. e

ኪህ aes. MM
2 ጩ 29 Ke ANA

ኔ vee — en n ቡፆጻኤ uo domua ot REEL WER OSES yd

uus liat በ,ዩአህሬሪ gratis dy aget. «57 ን
posi frre /"ዐዘ8፪ -.

Wills COOPER & NEPHEWS, Li, A

BERKHAMSTED:

naw’ ን “WASTE. 168 GARDEN UBB
THE ADCO. PROCESS

ተ ዛቸው in: ihe Undüed. 646270 ond —
ሚሰ ‘wil turn ሼህ ' ..:..

SYNTHETIC —

FARMYARD MANURE |

As refuko avanraulale® Ert ዜ wh
ARCO Accelerator

it af 169ጾ5 hali 8)፻88816 of sait grew ara ketal pau P s law
cutting; canbage. 158508” gy. wreef weeds ; But. ven dead
‘paves, vegetable Stalks, he Fbaeecus border vottin mn-
does, Straw anil straw. p 68:18. fori Mis bui ot Ati T exp.
* Fuordard Adv.

ee your devier 1958 not sioth ADCO wig direct. te ሠ. |
—— his name and mearert 60843 Statipa. -

| 1ርዌ5..ዐ፻ ADCO: makes from twa [8 ኔር tóná oF maine
according to ጁከይ class: of rubbish fae ited.

GADE- Avesiemtor (UR Mc 8S SE BAS

| Standard A Den

as ons ander, i

L AOS. ያ Paid 6 ዘለ አጠ.

STOVE & GREENHOUSE PLANTS |
ለጠ, Crotans, Caladiums, Dracienas,. ete. ali
kinds of. Foliage, Flowering & Ciimblig Plants

The larges: and Wisi. complete. rollection wn the trade, i

LR RUSSELL, LTD,

Richmond Nurseries, Richmond, nnt MOORE" * To, Net t Works, 1 RYE. a 2

Bug, nd. pier 7

4 cen: 45.
DTE Wi: A y m ib. H 6, 1. ewtz %6:-

wv ቂ
JS MS. ዢ v t?
Ja P AVENDO ለት .
'ዴ si v} Yrd XR <
" ^ f A
eee wd Neat sete ant nS Po END S
i MES, Wir 3
PENRE TUEA TAEA A ) ዳሃ እናኔ
| FMA PERI ye ANEP PRA
— AU
Mw አነኑ ea ^t

— ———— —

— > —

DS ደ ገሸ መጨ ADDERE

— —

BEGON IAS

de (i ሕ. very dine Collection ‘of Recent New. Van:

NEW CACTUS. GERANIOMS.

| eee are: quite 8 Novelty in Zonals, ፤4. Distinet
ON Waray) with: harrow - emen REM.
^ anmroduction. |

Ned Aog ond ‘Collections: of የጨጩ በቴርጭ፡፡ z

MY : pwn

Gic, Bete’
ôg page Gatalogne Boot Bree

E WOOLMAN, Sir. BIRMINGHAM. 1

YOUR "GARDEN
— ነ BIRD. SANCTUARY.

xut & he: dunt truc Shue estés ፡ and they J
ae 44. ihera aan hk os aft jur: TU teli pis upd give d

ል: ከ ያ GI Berk ,2380ሻ6261- itte heir piens. GN
Mer, ‹ህ፡ 4 Bany ME jiter iat tie he me | aera

e eri
BIRDS". AEA! Y H.

ህክ 2 PRS ፳ ins:
0,8,ጂ፣ a6 ins.

cum = 3 RE 7 ei s
E a: 5: 0

ነ, አገደ ES NI: Suy nf...
1^. aN ያአላህ Kiras, Pred dus

‘tiles and Bathe) alee

Sp nius. 1:9ኀ፡፻8፡ tid ሠ -›

oati Iriurtofute- patt x »

[ a MA

MREAY
AEDUETONS. |

thon oe te Ais
* EC X RA: Gatalogus Re. 187 post tree. -

Post "Mast ፡ T ፡ ay SONA:
GUNNERA. MANICATA.

Yhe- neat waite. b Theres “foliage ps

ian F ፡ ዘራ aiek ex (tek aad CoS * Que tree sper. res,
"Mice hist.

3 iM. N GAUNTLETT & Cx... Lu.

ህኪሁኖ፡ — Mivsery:

an saloiak, በስድርንክ የሶዶ ወበ: ኣይ TO

E in

O50 sTHORB, WELL wooren
“HILLSIDE COMET und RECRUIT

eei d 5861; 1: ፤1:: ‘highs. tanp 1298. JW, yd: 3
£5 16 6 6 pert ain, ያይ: tages; prekide

' d “HANDSCOMBE, PON

The ‘Feltham, -Murseries, - Middsx. |

cH HONICE LE. V

xu Collection ts completely up: to dates Jnddudiüsg 1
.:! the Mew. Cactus ዛ፻፣ ^ Ballet. Gi and mt the:

— 1534.
from 85 3010 9. | |.

T. BATH & BO. itd! Savor aat tundan, W.G. 2, ; 11 |

Su የ፲ሂ y ን

e MATOES

Telephone : (በ58 Asset. i

. SOUTH: LONDON
— STORES.

IMPROVED LAWN SAND

tot m big

dioss ami Weeda
: on. 3:9:
"Tenn. gens,

etti 123. -.

ed e

OD. v Hue saure *

5

scorrs Lawn N MANURE — — 40 5ነ very
Ua aquiare: yardsy | ME periwe 7 48 ton. ፻፲

8፡67 5 VINE. “AMD PLANT - MANURE.

i 4 per እ. ; £20 per ton (carriage paid).

"WEED KILLER
ህዘ E

$ ፊ-ሠ፡ Gold Modal —— Exhibition.
od Killer —Tin io mals 25 gallons, Tes tin fot.
* gallond, €/-. postage, 9d. on bac ch.
Lawn Band.—14 hs, 8/-;- 56 bk, 53/-: sarriago.
-psid 58 lewt, 2--. : Send for- Price Wbt AES
ACME — 00. — — KERT. k

| DWARF SINGLE BEDDING DAHLIA —

."COLTNESS GEM”

Arti lant Bedrlét.

fiie ሰበክ! Stock’ introduced. be ine di dii, dus ARE COD

፡ "Height. 15. uichess mno stakes- required ; maketa”:
“striking bed. und flowers dil sakei anti cut daa b
-py irost. - The ‘ideal plant sor
open spaces leo; fer: darge an

EX Award. uF Merit JC US. 76486 Trials: 3023.
“Brice: 105 per dozen, poste dee

Dwarf: Bedding. Dshlis, Dunecht Yellow *

^ nes 8፻69ክ)8፪. from: Cones: Bem wima lehk mE:

EU EDI
: ኾይ ፲9- per^ dioe packed. ጸክሲ post roe
Sumner Lint of Beddwuy : Plantes: te, poit

1.6: PURDE, 5, tc Set, Giov, 51.

TORCHI 5 HIDS |

The — Raisera, S ghia Crowe ጹ Exponien ኔ —

bienten ‘of ‘The. Scenic. ‘Methods n
cof Orchid. Seedling. Raising. | Ss

— & CO, LID,
HAY WARDS HEATH, SUSSEX.

CMONAGHAN'S

‘LOOK! TANNED GARDEN NETS |

A arder: despatched | sare day.”
25% 3. ፍ
Odd Deng s Jor Maher, © Tbs. for 2/6.. ነነ

25 yuda, — yard,’ ei 2-5 2,4/።:

fip.

Any sizes supplied

DONT DELAY

- SLUG A

Pe prepared Agaat. the oualaught. of ats.
iusote your. crops. ፡ጃሬይ1በጸ5 - these peste use’

* MONAGHAN'S SLUG DESTROYER”

| CERTAIN ‘DEATH TO SLUGS _

. ሸ26ጸ ከ29 —— with the mot daliéate seedlings:

BRIDGE, ATHERTON, ‘2
—

XE ‘MONAGHAN, xs

«ilic parks wind 1: ' -
small gains. er REDE

Mex Pelivery: v er

RD > O WRITE TO-DAY. አ ረ
፡ ይድ packet, AM. estj, M. extra; two pkte. 94. ote —

XIV.

SITUATIONS VACANT

THRE GARDENERS

Twenty words (or three lines including headline),

‹448., and 18. for every succeeding eight words (or

line or portion thereof). Fee for having replies
addressed to this office, 18.

their Advertisements
repeated must give ful particulars,
otherwise no notice can be taken of their
communications. Name and address alone

Advertisers desiring

are insufficient.

of Vacant
Situations are recommended to send them

Gardeners to Advertisers

writing
' copies of testimonials only, retaining the
‘originals. To part with original documents
means to run a great risk of their being

mislaid.

it is essential
to give the initials or pseudonym, as well as
the correct number of the box.

When addressing Box numbers,

MUNICIPAL AND PUBLIC.

HE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL
SOCIETY invites further applications for the post
of KEEPER OF THE GARDI SNS at Wisley. The
duties of the office involve responsibility for all
cultivation in the Gardens, and to a suitable man a
commencing salary of £400 per annum will be paid with
a house. Applications will be treated as confidential and
al communications should be addressed to THE
DIRECTOR, R.H.S. Gardens. Wisley, Ripley, Surrey.
from whom further particulars may be obtained.

CARNARVONSHIRE AGRICULTURAL COMMITTEE
MADRYN CASTLE FARM SCHOOL.

A PPLICATIONS are invited for the post
4 of HORTICULTURAL INSTRUCTOR to give
instruction at the School and to conduct. Classes, Lectures
and Demonstrations throughout the county: knowledge
of Welsh desirable. Salary £200 per annum and travelling
expenses. Applications endorsed * Horticultural
Instructor’ should be forwarded on or before the 8th
June. 1025, to the undersigned. from whom full particulars
can be obtained.

DAVID G. JONES,
Clerk to the Committee.
Offices,
Carnarvon,
12th May,

County

1023.

PRIVATE.

VV HEAD - WORKING GAR-
DENER where four kept; must be personally
have thorough knowledge all out

especially Chrvysanths., Begonias,
Roses, Carnations ; good cottage and coals supplied.—
Apply by letter only, stating qualifications, age, and
wages required. to P. E. BUCKNALL, The Rookery,
Brixworth, Northampton.

and
plants,

recommended
and -indoor

ws ANTED, HEAD WORKING
DENER, four Under-Gardeners kept,

man's estate; Kent:
ence, age, Wages

recent. testimonials, to
Land Agents, Bromley.

GAR-
on Gentle-

good cottage.—Write stating experi-
required, family. ete. with copies of
BAXTER PAYNE & LEPPER,
Kent. i

We YOUNG MAN, well experienced
in Orchids for sole charge of six houses,

opening for one keenly interested, commencing
34 -, with monthly duty, average d 41 :) weekly,
and usual allowatees.—H. LLOYD, Tewin
Welwyn, Herts.

good
wages
bothy
Water,

|
|
|

————— —— -— — M — —

ANTED for Channel Islands, GARDENER
SINGLE-HANDED, experienced market Gar-
glasshouse work: highest references essential:
available. — BARTELS & CURTIS, Guernsey.

\

dening.
cottage

*ARDENER WANTED.
X DED, used to Vines. Peaches. and Kitchen
Garden, wages £2 and cottage.—Apply MRS. GROOM,

The Manor House. Drayton Green, Ealing.
W ANTED. immediately, a thorough,

capable, Scotch GARDENER, well up in the
cultivation of all flowers both Indoor and Out, one with
modern ideas used to doing the important parts himself:
five kept under him; good salary and house, Herttord-

SINGLE-HAN-

- Shire.—Apply, 8.W.. Box 17, 5, Tavistock Street. Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.
\ TANTED, GARDENER, thoroughly ex-
l perienced in outdoor vegetables and flowers:
single man; 33 -. State experience. —MAJOR SLADEN,
amas. House, Great Missenden,
ነነ... ED. SECOND MAN. chiefly Inside,
must have good knowledge of vines, Peaches,
and plants. Wages 36 — per week: single.—GARDENER.,
Iden Manor. Staplehurst, Kent.

WANTED. SECOND GARDENER of
three. Inside and = Outside: bothy. ete.—Write

stating experience and waves required to E. WOODMAN,

Broom Hall Gardens, Biggleswade. Beds.

Wem ED UNDER-GARDENER. mainly
outdoor, experienced: live in, bothy: over 24

years: single.—Apply CAPTAIN BURGES. Farncombe,

Broadway, Worcestershire.

— — —

ANT ED. an (v NDER- GARDENE R. with
experience, single, not under 20 vears of age.—

LADY SYDENHAM. The Priory, Limberhurst, Kent

TNDER GARDENER wnnted, — single,
, all-round man. must be good sevthe hand. wages
£2 with rise, no bothy. duty every third week, good
references essential.—H URST. Thurgarton Priory. Notts.

wil anv
good reliable
2 18., bothy, ete.

W: ANTED. FOREMAN, Inside ;
gardener thoroughly recommend
man: fruits, plants, house decoration,
—HALL, Bostock Gardens, Middlewich.

AV FOREMAN, Inside, well up in
Carnations, fruit. and plants, must be good
decorator. State age, experience, and wages expected,
with bothy, to GRASS, The Gardens, . Grantley
Hall... Ripon, Yorks.

to take

We: Young Man. married,

LEAD on Pleasure Grounds, experienced. in rock
£2 week with
CARTER, (ardens,

and
Stavenhoe

. Wages
to C.
Herts.

plants.
references,
Welwyn,

cottage.—Apply.
Park

ANTED, YOUNG MAN, single with
experience of work in pleasure grounds, must

have good knowledge of Alpines and be keenly interested
in rock gardens, duty alternate weeks.—Apply stating
wages, experience, and enclosing copies of references to
THE AGENT, Thornhaugh Estate, Wansford, Peterboro.

ANTED, two MEN, Kitehen Garden

and Pleasure Grounds. Send particulars, wages

required, with bothy.—TOMPKINS, Round Hill Gardens,
Benfleet, Essex.

W^ ED, YOUNG MAN, age about 21,
jor Inside and Out. Full particulars with

wages expected.—4A. J. CROSS, Salperton. Park Gardens,

Haselton, Glos.

AM experienced MAN with alpines,
for Japanese Water Garden: wages £2 per
week, cottage and garden.—References to JONES. The
Gardens, Shirenewton Hall, Chepstow,

YOUNG MAN,

\ ' TANTED.,
37 - per week, with bothy

Apply, with references, to G. PINK.
Lancaster.

tor Outside,
and attendance.—
Abbeystead Gardens,

AN'(TDl ED. FIRST

JOURNEYMAN. for the
age. wages expected, with full. particulars: the usual
allowance ^ and bothy: duty and overtime. pald.—
TURNHAM, Greenlands, Henley-on-Thames.

NV I
garden; age about 243: able

wages 380 -, with 6- duty, bothy. milk, and vege-
tables.—Apply. with copies of reference. to E. W.
FULLER, Lavington Park Gardens. Petworth, |

SECOND

houses: state

and
plant

JOURNEY MAN. kitchen

take duty :

for
to

CITRON HICTL Me

1

Mav

—— — — — — — — — — —————-— —

W: ANTED, smart
experienced with

]nh, 127,

JOURNEYMAN, we!

Vineries, to take charee
same. wages 35- with monthly duty averis |
BR weekly, bothy and usnal allowance: cricbetr-
an asset. — H. LLOYD, Tewin Water, Welu.n
Herts.

Woe experienced JOURNEYMAN for

Inside. fruit, Carnations, and plants.— April:

with full particulars, wages required, with — bortis.
ete. —F. E. BRINICOMBE, Cross Oak Gardens,
Berkhamsted.
VAN any. Gardener highly recommena
Outside JOURNEYMAN., chiefly for Kiteen
Garden: wages 32 -, bothy, vegetables. duty paid. sever
in bothy.—H. E. HOUSE, Byrkley Gardens, Burton-c.-

Trent.

wes TED, JOURNEYMAN for Init 881
plant houses. wages 33 -. bothy, vegetabk-.
duty money.—Apply, J. MADDOCKS, Cowley Mar:
Gardens, Cheltenham.

WANTED, ex ANTED, m JOURNEYMA? v for
fruit and plant houses: state age, particulir-.

and = wages expected, with bothy.— H. WILKS

Hamptworth Lodge Gardens, near Salisbury.

\ J TANTED, two or three experienced, INSIDE

JOURNEYMAN. age 20 to 24.—State full parti-
culam. salary required, with bothy, ete., to DICKSON
& ROBINSON, The King’s Seedsmen, Manchester.

Du

ANTED, de tape e 1. Inside and

Out, experienced. VO age, Wage
required, with bothy.—T. EY RAN landon Park
Gardens. Guildford, Surrey.

ANTED, JOURNEYMAN for
and Out, wages 35/., no bothy.—Ap
THURSTON, Gardener’s Cottage, Coptfold Hall,
stone, Essex.

Inside
ly G.
ngate-

pleasure
third
Gardens.

Wen JOURNEYMAN for
grounds : age about 20: duty every
week; bothy.—Apply J. ALLEN. Calwich
Ashbourne, Derby ‘shire.

= ee

XXTANTED. JOURNEYMAN for Pleasure
under 25;

Grounds, used to motor mower and duty; not
bothy, ete.—Apply. with references to J. W.
BROWN, Hutton Hall Gardens, Guisborough, Yorks.

GARDENER wanted for Eolkestoná

ADY

flowers and vegetables, SINGLE - HANDEL.
comfortable home, join family. permanency.—6G. R.
Box 11, 3, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.z
V ANTED. Single YOUNG MAN, for
. house and garden work, to live in, bothy.—

Apply. stating wages and copies of references, to ነነ
SAY ER, Wistlers Wood Gardens, Woldingham, Surrey.

AN

Man
no family.
Durdhams,

WIFE wanted,
knowledge of Garden,
40 -. all found.—Apply
Granville Road, Sidcup.

as Cook and

comfortable home.
J. HAMMOND,

and

TRADE.

SWANLEY HORTICULTURAL COLLEGE FOR
WOMEN, SWANLEY, KENT.
PPLICATIONS are invited for a MARKET

l GARDEN SUPERINTENDENT, man or woman.
must have knowledge of greenhouse work, packing,

grading, and marketing of fruit, vegetables, and
flowers.
Further particulars may be obtained from the
Secretary.

ANTED, INDOOR FOREMAN, expe-

rienced in the growth of stove and greenhouse
plants, bedding plants, and flowers for cutting.—A ply
with copies of references, wages expected, to DICKS
NURSERIES, LTD., Chester.

Y

herbaceous
LAWSON,

for
and
W.

ORKING

Tamatos,
plants :
230, High

FOREMAN required
Cucumbers, Chrysanthemums,
cottage — provided.—Apply J.

Street, Lincoln.

WORKING ROSE AND
FOREMAN, used to growing quantities.
YOUNG MAN, good budder and
taking charge under supervision.—-
Wages expected, and testimonials,
was gained.—S. MeGREPY &
Portadown

V TANTED.
| FRUIT
or smart. energetic
uraffer, capable. of
Apply, giving age,
stating where experience
NON. Royal Nurseries,

ም J ‘qq DWN 1 (ያ " ( -qr
Mav 16. 1925 THE GARDENER: CHRONICLE. XV.
\ "ANTED. KNIFESMAN. must be well À R MRSE ነ ORKING. T | b OR DE zs — pcd
; ip^ ep ÉCHR amine i ' Our or five are የ. liie experience. in a experience àn a ‘ranches, FPnside ane nt: ean
rir eee 8 ae Shee IA EE UE ELS RA branches, well recommended : marri d.—W. LARGE, be well recommended. —S., ኩነ. High Street, Epsom,
original testimonials and wages expected የ6 JOHN todney Terrace, Acele. Norfolk. Surrey.
BASHAM & SONS, Fairoak Nurseries, Bassaleg, Mo». Pu — — es a: |
s — AARDENER, HEAD WORKING: first- V RS. PIM wishes to recommend her
OSE BU DDE RS Pee vood — wages. Class experience in up-to-date growing, fruits, a SE 3 OND-GAÀ RDENER, who has been in her
ernanent — Apply. with eon. ዐዐ references. to flowers, and vegetables : thoroughly competent and employ 44. years: good character, married; leaving
ነነ EANLEA x SONS orco Sr eiat: E st wood highly recommended, genuine references, diseugaged.— ! through reduction of staff; disengaged.—The Raswell.
qu NE c De, ake “eee ANE” MEERUT T ES BOLTON, Ystrad, Carmarthen Town. | Hascombe, Surrey.
Leigh-on-Sea. ፤ ` |
(4 ROWER, good general nurseryman, used HE? WORKING GARDENER, experi- OURNEYMAN requires situation. Inside
XX to Palm growing.-- Apply The MANAGER. Cole enced in fruit. flowers, vegetables: Inside. and ቅ or Inside and Out: 10 years” experience, age 223,
Park Nurseries, Megden Lane, Este worth. Out: married. three in family. youngest. age 1l: — preferred.—W. UPTON, Dunstall, near Burton-
—— eS m — near town preferred —HAWKES. The Croft, Wookey on- Trent.
Ww AN’ n 'E D. 1 re Jiul: le Y OU NG M AN. exspe- Hole. Wells. Somerset.
እ rienced. | Tomatoes, Cucumbers, Chry ah — r FORDHAM, Wigmore Park Gardens.
bedding plants. We. state wages required. age ane W | : P j . ፪ሽ
PM ላ A PO AME o RE b ema ( XENTLEMAN wishes to highly recommend e Beare Green, Dorking, Surrey. can highly
references.—J. F. PARSONS, Nurs ryman, Worksop. I his GARDENER, HEAD WDREING: life ex- recommend ኢ. WRIGHT as JOURNEYMAN, Inside
—— y - ካሠ 9 "arua Tu ችን i. " :
TANTED. YOUNG MAN with know- perience in all branches; 6 years present situation; age MN age 22, 8 years] experience; bothy pre-
in — TN E 40. Please state wages.— HOWE, Moore Cottage,
ledge oof Roses and bardy platnts.— State exe Coolham, Sussex
perience, age, and wages required, to GUNN & SONS. d

Olton. near Birmingham.

ANTED for budding season (June, July
and August). two experienced ROSE BUDDERS.

temporary position only offered. but every possibility
for a permanency to the right men.—Apply to R.
MURRELL. Rose Acre, Shepperton-on-Thames.

J ANTED. n capable and experi necd

\

Man as HEAD of Seed Department, Good
general knowledge of the Seed Trade: essential. Apply,
stating o aues salary required and references fto N,

PERKINS (Proprietor) JOHN PERKINS & SON, 52,

Market Square, Northampton,

ANTED. experienced SHORTHAND
TYPIST to assist with correspondence, some
knowledze of the nursery business essential.—Full parti-
culars as to abilities, experience and wages required, to
KING'S ACKE NURSERIES, LTD., Hereford.

\ for high-class Florists.
Class omaker-up, state wages
Beckenham.

TANTED. YOUNG LADY as Manageress
must be quick and first-

required. - HORSMAN,

Y OUNG LADY required for floral work,
window dressing. etc.,

all designs, one with some knowledge of seeds, plants,

etc., preferred, but not essential—_BARNWELL BROS,

Florists, Worthing.

V TANT

ASSI: E NT under
woman. With knowledge of. routine of
florist shop.—State full. particulars,
Box 19, ን, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,

SITUATIONS WANTED

Twenty words 28., and G4. for every succeeding
eight words or portion thereof. (Advertisements at
this special rate are only accepted direct from
gardeners and nursery employees.) Fee for having
replies addressed to this office, 1 8.

FIRST
good —— sales-
nursery and

ete. W. G..
W.C. 2.

lady as
manageress :

young

PRIVATE.

EAD GARDENER-BAILIFF open for

engagement, thoroughly practical all branches;
highly recommended ; Scotch; 47; married —COLVILLE,
Drumnasole, Carnlough, Co. Antrim.

G

Head,
surplus produce :

ARDENER. HEAD,
life experience in noblemen's gardens, 6 years
2 years Head present situation; could market
excellent references, married, 3 children.

age 38.—ROBINSON, Bourton House Gardens, Shriven-
ham, Berks.
ARDENER, HEAD, two or more, thor-
oughly efficient all.branches. including alpines ;
consclentious, willing; house. — HEDGECOCK, High
Street, Fareham.
EAD GARDENER highly recommends
his General Foreman as HEAD-WORKING or
SINGLE-HANDED. cexecllent references; married, aue
36: anxious. ZB. R. Box 13. 5. Tavistock Street. Covent

Garden, NE C.

1 ARDENER, HE AD or SECOND, Inside,
| 20 vears' experience, Inside and = Out; married;
cottage essential.—5 TR EET, Park Mill, Burwash, Sussex.

must be first-class hand at-

seeks re-enyagement ;

YARDENER, HEAD WORKING, where
severa] are kept, life experience in all branches,
including landscape and renovating, leaving through
death: married, age 43, one son; 5 years present place.—
W. DURRANT, Castle Hall, Milford Haven, Pem.

YR JOHN HARRINGTON, K(C.M.G,,
[S high'y recommends his HEAD WORKING GAR-
DENER: life experience, capable. keen, irreproachable
credentials. ineluding Sir Edwin Lutyens. R.A..; estate
being sold: married. no familb. .—C. RUSE, The Hyde
Gardens, near Luton.

WORKIN

G,

perienced all branches: married, no family, wife

Willing to help in house occasionally or look after

poultry: highly recommended.— CARTER, 19. West Hill,
Epsom. Surrey.

Y ARDENER, HEAD

CX-

HEAD WORKING, secks
life experience in all depart-
ments: marketing of surplus produce and the general
management of a good establishment: 7 years Head:
age 40. married.— R. W. L.. Box 16. ን. Tavistock Street.
Covent Garden, W.C.2.

NARDENER,

Te-engagemertt:

He WORKING GARDENER seeks
situation where three or more are kept: end
June: age 40, single: thoroughly experienced
Tide and Out: well reconmmended.—Apply A. B.. Box

14, 3, Tavistock Street, Covent. Garden, ጎነ.('. 2
YARDENER, HEAD WORKING.-- Mr.
F Foster, Grimsthorpe Castle Gardens, Bourne,
Lines., confidently recommends his general foreman,
J. WALPOLE, as above, age 32, 5 years here

as Foreman, life experience.

where

( x ARDENER, HEAD WORKING,

several ure kept; married; age 45; life experience,
England and Scotland: well recommended froin present
and previous employers. —E. DREDGE, New Park,
Trentham, Staffs.

YENTLEMAN confidently recommends
as HEAD WORKING, keen, interested man.
life experience all branches, Inside and Out, control

staff: excellent references, 34 years present, age 33,
married, no family. Please state wages.—E. BRYANT,
Purley, Reading.
(ብ... ርክ HEAD YORKING, or
SINGLE-HANDED with help; life experience
Inside and Out : age 38, married, one child: good
Tefs,; cottage —A. BRADLEY, 94. Newland Street,
Witham, Essex.
YAHDENER, SINGLE-HANDED. well
recommended, in present. situation one vear,
married when suited, midlands preferred.—Apply further
particulars J. MALTBY, Denton, Grantham,
Y ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED or other-
wise, seeks situation: life experience in all
branches: excellent references: single. age 28. vears.—
ኒነ. R.. Box 13, ጋ, Tavistock Street. Covent Garden,

W.C.

or other-

YARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED

wise, disengaged, grow any fruit, flower. በ፻
vegetable: good refs. married later on, 36, hard
of hearing —H. BURN, 73, Trevelyan Road, ‘Tooting,

S.W.17.

( N
X
references,
Cottages,

Y ARDENERH, SINGLE
X SECOND, [Inside or Qut. life experience, age
27. married, two children. cean ከሁ well recommended,
present place 44. vears.—BENNETT, 30, Slack Lane,
Derby.

ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED or Kitchen
Garden, age 29, 11 years’ experience, good
married when suited.—C. GOODHEW, Well

Detling, near Maidstone, ‘Kent.

- HANDED

or

B RNE ‘TOURNEY MAN seeks situation, experienced

Kitchen Garden, Pleasure Grounds, motor mower;
single JENNINGS, Westcott, Dorking.
OURNEY MAN, ag: 21, wishing to obtain

e more inside knowledge seeks situation,
Out, 6 years kitchen and pleasure. grounds. some Inside
knowledge, used to Ateo motor mower, keen and inter-
ested, good refs.. please state wage, with bothy.—W. H.,
Box 10, ጋ, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

Inside and

YECOND. JOURNEYMAN. ape
እ situation. Inside, or Inside and Out,
refs.—W. RUMSEY. Sandbeck Gardens,
Yorkshire.

ITUATION required, Inside and Out,
age 24. Wages 25- to 30-, willing to take duty.—
G. STEVENS. Grove Cottage, Dymchurch, Kent.

2]. seeks
bothy, good
Rotherham,

Dp»

Y OUTH requires situation as IMPROVER,

Inside, in good establishment: well recommended :
full particulars —Apply €. ABBOTT, Minterne Gardens,
near Dorchester.

—À eee ——

MPROVER m garden or
to learn. some experience, good
P. BAYLISS, Shaw Common, Newent,

willing
age 21.

nursery,
reference,
Glos.

24. desires work as GARDEN

experienced: anywhere; live in

OUNG MAN,
LABOURER,

or Ouf.—H. BAKER. 23, Gaynesford Road, Forest
Hill, London. 8. E. 23.
"ኢዴ ”ር ከ1ርኣ( ር COWMAN and UNDER-

4 GARDENER requires situation near Bath or Bristol
(preferred), State wages.—P. MAPSTONE, Chanudag,
Chandag Road, Keynsham.

TRADE.

YENERAL ASSISTANT, UNDER

ጃ MANAGER, or FOREMAN to Nurseryman,
Seedsman, Seed-grower, Market Gardener, or Market
Grower: fruit, spraying, packing, pruning. nursery
propagator, chiefly soft-wooded, Chrys., Toms, Cues., etc. ;
special line—plant breeding; age 30, married, one
enid, housing essential. —SARGEANT, Leggatts, Potters

ORKING FOREMAN, l5 years’ ex-
perience, Carnations, — Chrysanths,, Tomatos,
bedding plants, bulbs. forcing and general nursery work ;
EN an reliable: house essential: state wages.—
PAISH, 21, Grove Terrace, Penarth.

TXOREM AN aedes G ROWE R, London ana pro-

. vincial experience, shop and market produce,
softwooded, pot, decorative plants, eut blooms, fruit.
routine in general branches, good references. — Ivy
Cottage, Leighs. Chelinsford.

"pe NURSERYMEN.- Young MAN, age 20,

well up in potting, tying, watering, — ete.—
WICKENDEN. 7, Brook Terrace, Chase Road.
N. 14.
| በተ ዲበ Lady desires re-engagement,
experienced. — Address FLORIST. 13, Warwick

Gardens, Harringay Park, N.

(HOPMAN
ኦ in all branches ;
reference, — R. 2 . Box

Garden, W.C.
ANTED by LABOURING MAN,

V 42, Job with Market Gardener where poultry are
kept preferred with objeet of learning the business ; state
wages.—lt. H. RICK, 17. Park Avenue, Northampton.

and SALESMAN. life experience
disengaged when suited: good
IN, 3. Tavistock Street, Covent

age

Pri the makars:

C 0. LTD., | J

Msc ee Horticultural Bulders and. Heating En ጨመር | RUNE
‘LONDON ‘OFFICE: 122, VICTORIA STREET. WESTMINSTER, 5. Wal.

Experience extending over more than | A — -
Half-a-Century enables us to include s practically .
all that is best in the: erection. and | imperishable

equipment of Glasshouses. . ape looge |
Estimates free. Interviews by appointment | ህከ

| yoy part of the country- | —
~~) SEE OUR. EXHIBIT AT IHE CHELSEA Show. FEROS |

THE ‘PATTI:

Pattissaa- ከ88 graduata [80490፻ |

dan Fide ፲ 868559). Patengopptiad foe: -
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... t the square yard only required. p bstalügus a ni Made: TIN T peer x es |
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* : j D ODD BOARDS 8. vage nor ds

hibs,8-. Tiba, 3/3

aA መ AUAN & McASLAN |

. BARR & SONS, || ጨቆጨ፤ Michell 56, GLASGOW.
l Hi ። 653 ኣጫ kiša mo severe ለብ 598998; ክዴ. D | — . "

WALKERS WHARE (Pat qne.
5. Lepsard'e: Street, ‘Bromley-by- Sara.

. ና "A ns j
TUA ወጣሁት: ሎና ሠል SUC BAIN — DRA CILE TLD A GC. AD, ብ wR AIR $
£32 6 9 i ke A ^ ' FIC Boot à VC s PAY) ላ ረ

— — —ñ — —

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x

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FOR GREENHOUSE TEARI MS
ROCHFORD ae BISSON TUBULAR- BOILERS
L BECTÍÜNAL. BOIS C HOT ATER PIPES
4 HoW aler Valves s Ventilating: Gear g
E De Gold: Medal. Royal ‘Siete ‘Exbibitien 1912. '

ain fi àt feed: ms amy part ef the Kingdom -
reve EE PERIENOE A S e e oe
Co „Ltd. SEES SU LONDON SE. a z

ዘም 8 a Dope — — xS RAM ONE HERR "

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—

ET a dnt 23, 1925.

—
S UBSCRIPTIONS—inland or Foreign suf.

— WY?

per denen, ይይ Fron

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rM NOUR 6 p MEME parii and delivered. ' j E: - wonderful: rane Bedrlet ‘varieties; and
AVES <p Anc ves QN EC VH : à $> T we strongly Pininmend, foner- doit: *
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ii. THE GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE.

May 23, 1925,

SALES BY AUCTION.

WEDNESDAY NEXT, MAY 27th.
Auction Sale of a choice assortment of
BEDDING-OUT PLANTS
of the latest introductions, comprising

ANTIRRHINUMS in the newest varieties. Early-
flowering CHRYSANTHEMUMS and VIOLAS all to
name, CARNATIONS, SWEET PEAS, etc.

CLEMATIS, fine plants in pots.

Also quantities of
GLADIOLI, LILIES jin variety, BEGONIAS,
ANEMONES, and other Bulbs for present planting,

together with

BAYS, PALMS, ARAUCARIAS,
for decorative and exhibition purposes.

ASPIDISTRAS, BOX TREES, and
Plants from Belgium.
ESSRS. PROTHEROE & MORRIS,
will sell the above at thelr SALE ROOMS,
67 & 68, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.C. 2.
Catalogues post free on application.

other

THE FRUIT GARDENS, BEYTON,

NEAR BURY ST. EDMUNDS.

An attractive FREEHOLD PROPERTY of about 18
Acres, well planted, with convenient Residence, Cottage,
Outbuildings, and Nine Greenhouses (the latter optional).

ESSRS. PROTHEROE & MORRIS

(in conjunction with Messrs. Arthur Rutter, Sons,

and Co.) will offer the above by Auction on WEDNESDAY,
JUNE 3rd, at 4 o'clock, in one or four lots, at the

ANGEL HOTEL, BURY ST. EDMUNDS.

Particulars and Plans of Messrs. Partridge and Wilson,
Solicitors, Guildhall Street, Bury St. Edmonds, and of
the Auctioneers, 67 & 68, Cheapside, London, E.C. 2, and

Messrs. Arthur Rutter, Sons and Co., Bury St. Edmunds.

By Order of the Mortgagess.
CREWS HILL, ENFIELD.

The Important Tomato and Cucumber Nursery known as
THE CULVER NURSERY,

comprising 9 GREENHOUSES, total length 1,500 ft.,
ground area about 38,600 feet of Glass, fitted with Hot
Water Piping and heated by 3 large Bollers, Brick built
Packing Shed with Offices convertible into Rungalow,
total area about 3 acres. Vacant possessicn on completion.

MESSRS: PROTHEROE & MORRIS,
will sell the above by Auction at their SALE ROOMS,
67 & 68, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.C. 2,
On FRIDAY, JUNE 5th, at 3.30 o'clock.

Particulars of Messrs. Lovell and White, Solicitors,
5, Thavies Inn, Holborn, E.C. 1, and of the Auctioneers,
67 & 68, Cheapside, E.C. 2.

BUSINESSES FOR SALE.

NURSERY FOR SALE.

4 ACRES VALUABLE FREEHOLD.
Splendid Frontages. High-class Stock. Good Residence.
Influential Clientele.

Established by present owner's grandfather in 1842,
Proprietor having grown wealthy [8 to retire.

. Price, including gocdwill, £3,500.

Mortgage if required.
Apply—
ACPHERSON &
. Estate Agents,
HENLEY-ON-THAMES.

SONS,

QPLENDID compact little Florist Nursery,
well-Cequ'pp:d, for £2,500, everything complete.—
Particulars: E LORIST, Box 2, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2,

BUSINESS TO LET.

ORKSHIRE, close to Harrogate.—To be
Let, no Ingoing, Kitchen Garden,
residence, cottage, glasshouses, and buildings.
other Fruit in first-class condition. Rent £175 p.a. on
lease.—Particulnrs of Messrs. ROTHEROE & MORRIS,
67, Cheapside, London, E.C. 2.

BUSINESS CARD.

AMES BACKHOUSE, F.LS.,, F.R.HS,

e for many years Chairman of the late firm of James
Backhouse and Son, Limited, having retired from York,
offers his services as GARDEN CONSULTANT ; 30 years'
experience, specially in connection with Alpine and
Herbaceous Plants; advice given for ock Garden
construction and planting, also for rmanent flower
borders, boundary plantations, etc.—Address for terms to
er Fegla, Arthog, North Wales.

EXHIBITIONS.

—— — —

PETERBOROUGH

AGRICULTURAL SHOW

JULY 14th, 15th and 16th

SPLENDID CLASSIFICATION FOR THE
HORTICULTURAL AND FLORAL SECTION

Valuable Cash Prizes.
Society's Gold and Silver Medals.
Every facility given to Exhibitors of Trade Displays
Horticultural Section 2nd and 3rd days of Show

Prize Lists from: ROBERT BIBBY, Secretary,
Agricultural Office, PETERBOROUGH.

Southampton Royal Horticultural Society.

ROSE SHOW

HAMPSHIRE COUNTY CRICKET GROUND

June 23rd and 24th.

Schedules on application to: MATTHEW W. BEER, Hon.

Sec., ** Eperquerle," Bassett, Southampton.

PLANTS, &c. FOR SALE.

Small Classified Advertisements.
(or ihree lines including headline) 48., and 18.

Twenty worda

for every succeeding eight words (or line or part

of a line). Fee for having replies addressed to

LEARANCE, Overstock.—Gladiolus flower-
ing Bulbs, 25 sorts, 8/- 100; Lilium longifiorum
giganteum, 60/- 00; Cyclamen Neapolitanum, 3-.
Pancratum maritimum, — Pos —MORLE & C0., LTD
150-156, Finchley Road, N

EDDING Plants.—Extra fine Geraniums,

Chrysanthemums, Asters, Lobelias,

Pansies, Violas, and all others ; [65 free MORLE & CO..
„ &8 above.

PLANTS, &c., WANTED.

ANTED, 2 Dracaena
high,

indivisa, 8 ft.

in pots, state price.—FARR, Dukinfield
Lodge, Manor Road, Bournemouth.

— — — —

MISCELLANEOUS.

RON AND WIRE FENCING for Gardens.
Ornamental Iron and Wire work of
description. Catalogues G.C. 156;
Tree CIE

every
Iron Fencing and
Catalogue G.C. 65: ood and Iron

Fencing, Catalogu e G.C. 70.

separate lists BOULTON & PAUL LTD., Norwich.

IRDS’ BATHS, Sundials, Vases, Statuary,
Birds’ PONE Boxes,

etc.—Catalogue — *
free —MOORTON, 60 ope a, ?

, Buckingham Palace Road, 8.W

ሚጫ TONE PAVING.—Crazy and rectangular
York Garden Paving,

and other Rocks for Rock Gardens;
Rubble for “Dry” Walls.
or small quantities carriage paid to Railway
Station in England.—HO )SON & SONS, LTD.
Castlegate, Nottingham.

Copings, Steps, etc, Grit
Flat Stone
Nottingham. Marl. Large

ORK STONE PAVING
Paths and Lily Ponds;
rustic work;
VINT &

for Garden
rectangular or broken for
steps and wall coping; rockery.—G EO.
BROS., Stone Merchants, Idle, Bradford.

1:ELECTED GREY WESTMORELAND
KJ Weathered and Waterwork Mountain Limestone
Rockery. The finest Rockery Stone: also York Stone
Garden Paving—HERBERT BROOK, High Road,
Whetstone, N.20;

and Lightcliffe, Yorkshire.

OCKERY (Westmoreland). — Waterworn
Limestone for sale in —— ia and upwards;
write JOHN

lack Had ' Milnthorpe.

any

mn — For prices,
WARD

EY SONS,

ENUINE CUMBERLAND TURF. Red
Shale for hard tennis courts; Weathered Limestone
Rockery. Crary Paving and Stone for garden making;
White ‘Spar tate requirements.—K ERSHAW
Garden Makers for 50 years, Keighley.

'S LTD.,

ORTHAMPTONSHIRE LOAM from
Ironstone Land, unequalled for fibre and colour;

sample 2-cwt. bags, 26. carriage forward; low rate for

: ። R truc loads. —NORTHAMPT NSHIRE LOAM CO.,
this cffce, 18. Displayed advertisements, 8g. | 18, Horsemarket, Kettering.
per inch, or 108. facing editcrial matter.
EAT MOULD, for Rhododendrons and
Nursery Work, 5/- bag, 25/- ton. in truckloads
ERNS! CALADIUMS ! !—Begoniss. Palms, | on rail—WALKER, Pinewoods, Camberley.
Crotons, Dracaenas, Gloxinias, Hydrangeas,
Geraniums, Ericas, Lilies, Ferns and How to Grow
Them, by J. E. SMITH. 36 post tree. — SMITH, ^Y RAVEL (Surrev), binding without
London Fern Nurseries, London, S.W. stickiness, for paths and roads, 12/6 per ton
ው ri c ረም ። ሳይን በናን on rail in truck.CWALKER, Pinewoods, Camberley,

100, 00 LARGE GARDEN FERNS,

30'- 100. variety :
large ? aspidistras poe dividing.
SMITH, Fernery,

1,000
free.—

wanted
Catalogues
London, S.W. 9.

COTCH

እ plants,
of al varieties

CABBAGE

lowest prices.

PLANTS. — Best
Price list of autumn-sown
Curled
grown from
for prompt delivery.
Britain on
PRESTONPANS, LTD.
Cabbage plant
fifty years.
Telephone ፡

(except Brussels Sprouts,
Greens and Reds, which are sold out),
our famed select stocks,
paid to any district in
JOHN GILLIES,
East Lothian. Largest
Britain. Established over
" Plants, Prestonpans ";

carriage
application.—
Prestonpans,
growers in
Telegrams :
24 Prestonpans,

NOAL, Coke and Anthracite.—Trucks to

4 any station. House Coal from 12/6 per ton
Welsh Anthracite,21,-pit; SemAnthracite (registered), 1
Semi Anthracite, 18-: Horticultural Coke, 15:6;
Works Coke, 17; I —BUCKLE COLLIERY CO
Cheltenham.

., 39 Gas

ee S DISPOSAL for country houses,

factories, farms, etc. ; no emptying of cesspools ; DO
solids; no open filter beds: everything underground and
automatic; a perfect fertiliser obtalnable.—WILLIAM
BEATTIE, 9, Lower Grosvenor Place, Westminster.

|
— : :
D Begonias. |
LTD. bov |
R
Ca al ° —————MM—————— —À — — ጭ፡ — —
. Ve $ W
› .
sg . qe n any
|
|
|

May 23, 1928.
50 HOT WATER BOTTLES up to largest
e size made. all tested; 10.000 feet H.W. Pipes,
large quantity fittings, heating apparatus fixed com-

lete, glasshouses or materials for same; garden
hts. lists free; established here 27 vears.—C. A
CHRISTIANSEN, Norwood Green, Southall, W.

ARDEN NETTING.—Best Selected Small
Mesh Tanned, 50 by 1 yard, 4/-, or 2 yards

85. or 4 yards 16-, carriage SE Tennis Nets
and Standards. List free.—STRA BERRY NETTING
CO., 5, Suffolk Terrace, Lowestoft.

Gr Spades, special, 2/6: Hand
Grubbers, 1/6; carriage paid —McINTOSH, Forgue,

Aberdeenshire.

500 FEET Waterproof Garden Wire for
የን 6/-, carriage paid! ! I Larger lots much
cheaper. deal for Peas, fruit, tying, greenhouses,
barricading, and dozen other uses. Samples free. Cata-
logue 300 bargains.—159, Albert St., Lytham.

— — — — — — — —

REEN'S 20-inch and 16-inch Silens

Messor Lawn Mowers for sale: excellent condition.

—Apply to BOROUGH SURVEYOR, Municipal Offices,
Todmorden.

OR SALE.—Shanks’s 20-inch Jehu MOTOR
MOWER: condition as new; full trials before
purchase.—GARDENER, The Hollies, Boxmoor, Herts.

POPULAR DICTIONARY OF
BOTANICAL NAMES AND TERMS

with their English ns ከ aie For the
use of Gardeners and all Lovers of the
Flowers of Garden, Field and Wood. By
G. F. ZIMMER, F.R.Hort.S., F.Z.S. Second
edition, cloth 3/10 post free. “Invaluable.”

GEORGE ROUTLEDGE & SONS, LTD.
68-74, Carter Lane, E.C. 4.

WILLIS BROS.’

Garden Fertiliser

THE BEST ON THE MARKET.

NO STABLE MANURE REQUIRED.

For digging in or as a top dressing. For

Kitchen Gardens or Herbaceous Borders.

1 cwt., 15/5; }-cwt., 8/- ; 28 Ibs., 5/- ; £14 10/-

per ton. All Carriage Paid.

LOOK TO YOUR VINES!

The Vine requires a large quantity of Potash for its
roper growth and the development of fruit. WILLIS
ROS. VINE MANURE contains 7°, Potash, 22%

Phosphate. and 4°, Nitrogen. and the results justify us

in saying it ia the best on the market. The effect on

old vines is very marked, it put new life into them.
1 ewt., 25.-: 56 lbs. 14 -: 28 lbs. 8;-.
All Carriage Paid.

PEACH MANURE.
We prepare this speclally for Peach, Nectarine, and
other Stone Fruits, which will be found to respond to
the special treatment; the fruit stoning and finishing
much better.
1 cwt., 30/-; 56 lbs, 16 -; 28 lbs. 9/-.
All Carriage Paid.
NETS !

NETS ! ! NETS!!!
Best Heavy Tanned Garden Nets, 1” mesh. For Straw-
berry Beds, etc. 8x 25 yds., 27/6 ; 50x 4 yds., 27,6.
Carriage Paid.
New Netting, 1^. 1^ or j^ square mesh
samples and prices on application.
Tarred Tennis Stop Netting, prices on application.
Melen Mets, 12 x 12. 3/6 per dozen.

GREENHOUSE BLINDS.

Made up to auy size from special quality white shading
material. Bound all round and down centre for strength
with stout webbing, ready to fix: or complete with
Rollers and Fittings at small extra cost.

Estimates and samples on application.

"GARDEN SUPPLIES AT LOWEST PRICES. -

Write for our list of Garden Manures ani Hortioultural
Sundries. Free on application.

WILLIS Bros. cazeexve» Ltd.

HARPENDEN, HERTS.

THE GARDENERS

THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE

Horticultural Directory

The Horticultural Directory is not being
reprinted this year, but a limited number
of copies of the issue for 1924 are avail-
able at the reduced price of

2s. post free.

Applications should be addressed to :

GARDENERS' CHRONICLE, LTD.,
5, Tavistock St., Covent Garden, W.C.2

'—————ÓÁáÁ——————u——

RUSTIC GARDEN FURNITURE

IRON FRAME FOLDING GARDEN AND PARK
CHAIRS AND SEATS. ፡

Best Quality Garden Canes, Garden Rollers, etc.

Stocks kept in London and North. All at Keenest Cut
Trade Prices.

SLEIGHTHOLME, Wholesale Furnisher,
6, INGHAM STREET, SOUTH SHIELDS.

REMITTANCES BY POST.

READERS and advertisers are urgently

. advised NOT to send Treasury Notes
or uncrossed postal orders by post, unless
All postal

in official registered envelopes.
orders should be filled in with our full
name (Gardeners Chronicle Ltd.) and
crossed “ê Co."

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— 19

Please send me The Gardeners’ Chronicle

for Months, commencing... oe

for which ያ enclose .ዶ............................---..-.......

Please note that all copies sent direct from
this office must be paid for in advance.

12 Months, 395.; 6 Months, 15s.; 3 Months,
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Reosipts for less than three months' subscriptio 1 will not
be sent unless specially asked for.

All remittances to be made payable to the

GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, Ltd., and sent to

5, TAVISTOCK STREET, COVENT GARDEN,
LONDON, W.C. 2.

CHRONICLE.

SELECT LIST

BOOKS ON GARDENING.

PRICES QUOTED ARE IN ALL CASES POST
FREE TO ANY PART OF GREAT BRITAIN.

Mushroom Culture. By W. Dyke. A handbook
for amateur and professional growers and
market gardeners. Illustrated. Is. 3d.

Mushroom Culture for Amateurs. By W. J. May.
A practical handbook, revised and reprinted.
Illustrated. 18. 8d.

Orchid Growing, Commercial. By C. Alwyn
Harrison. A clear and simple guide to the
cultivation of Orchids for pleasure and for
profit. Well illustrated. 2s. 3d.

Orchids, The Book of. By W. H. White. A
practical work on the culture of these
lovely flowers. 4s.

Pansy, Viola, and Violet, The Book of the. By
Howard H. Crane. Well illustrated, 48.

Pears and Plums, The Book of. .By the Rev:
E. Bartrum. Nicely illustrated. 49.

Perennials, Hardy. By W. D. Drury. An ex-
cellent guide to hardy plants for borders
and rockeries. Well illustrated. 18. 9d.

‘Perennials, Popular Hardy. By T. W. Sanders.

Beautifully illustrated and printed on the
best art paper. 83.

Plant Propagation. By Walter Davis, edited
by W. D. Drury. A description of the
methods employed by amateur and pro-
fessional gardeners. 4s.

Primula, Handbook of the Hardy. By H. M.
Paul. A treatise on this splendid race of
plants, arranged in alphabetical order.
ls. 3d

Pruning, Practical. By J. W. Morton. With
supplementary chapters on pruning Roses,
and on spraying. 2s. 9d.

Pruning, Grafting and Budding, the Handy
Book of. By J. C. Udale. New edition,
revised and enlarged. 2s. 4d.

Rhododendrons for Amateurs. The only book
of its kind, and very interesting. By
E. H. M. Cox. 58. 6d.

Rock and Alpine Gardening.
New and enlarged edition.
ls. 3d.

Rock and Water Gardens, The Book of. By
Chas. Thonger. Contains 26 full-page
illustrations. 48.

Rock Gardens and Alpine Plants. By T. W.
Sanders, F.L.S. A complete guide to the
construction of large and small rockeries
and the cultivation of alpine planta.
Profusely illustrated in colour and half.
tone. 88.

Rockeries, How to Make and Plant Them.
By H. H. Thoma. Freely illustrated
by photographs and sketches. ls. 9d.

Root and Stem Vegetables. By the late
Alexander Dean. With eight coloured
plates. 3s.

Roses; and their Cultivation. By T. W.
Sanders. Many illustrations in colour
and half-tone. Full list of -varieties
in cultivation. 83.

By H. Hemsley.
Illustrated.

Roses for Amateurs. By the Rev. Honywood
D'Ombrain. Illustrated. 18. 9d.

Roses, The Book of. By Louis Durand. Well
written, with 16 illustrations from photo-
graphs. 4s.

To be obtained from—

GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, LTD. |
5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

— — —

dY. Tus THE. | GARDEN BRS CHRONIC uu. = Max di 1028.5

| | N 'ICOTI NE INSECTICID E S |1 — —

— * Ter the most — and economical for destroying 901. | NORTICULTURAL. ‘STORES, -

“as Sa Sr ዚ SCOTT & SONS

ENGLISH N TINE. go Fall dirac: NICO SOAP {Nicotine Soap). The toe d

| pe acor aS) Her. spray He -potash soft- Soap: pins 7253; "nicotine, Tor -.
WOODSIDE, 55. 5.
Scott s pe Pete. መጠ

Prices on application,” ነ i zB es Of syringing work - Tuo. t “tb, xiu

115. 3/5; ro1b., 30/፡. ት ቋና

| ከርዐ፲ከዌ VAPORISING ‘COMPOUND. CAMPBELLS. FUMIGATING ROLLS. Very i

oin Nicotine content 3655 vm bottles tor. 2,.: — for: famigating’ presnbiausen,< tee
108 10,25; adA gas ihnasand. onbic feet. conr ese dor. 500, 1,000. 2,000, and 3,000
Prices: 176, $9, 7/8, S> and ms Teepee: | bra UBS. ር. Pai Ty 104. ts, "and

n ively Felon tins; dim i s * e: math. B

| መእ PATENT. SULPHUR. "VAPORISER. - s fer; አይክ ብይ a bd The ‘Beat Geek |
— of exterminating “Mildew i: glasshouses. - ree: man l of. qeu 'ጓ,069 -
abii dest size; 1875 -፲9 Boo ‘cubic: feet, size, Ae sach. ^ — —

— — inr Ws uot. "Chengst:: d Seeciiten Ore n case "e dis kin direct -
fram the 289 ይ ያቸ ፡፡

J. D. CAMPBELL, Picotine - Manufacturer, i
7, Lund reek Cornbrook, Manchester. | 2 ር

él, anant ir
ty make-?b galls? pA |

-SCOTTS NICOTINE INSECTICIDE |
፤4/። per gall: ; 5 galls; 67/63 te galls. ፻39፦. :

89 KILLER
LUN ‘SAND

inp ates PN | የ ዋያ 0684 PER Angio-Ameripnn: PENTONE

— CEN >A —— — | Weed ፻51116፳--178 | tí make. 25 gallons, 3e * ter

ከ ረ: ተደ SEE ERES LET — 3i ይው ወ R እ ት 5
PSS ORS owe AT wT tay e E awn Sand iih. 3-56 the iae | ህመከአል፡ ነ

s 5pcon. in paco Gok ኃዘ Say MON “pop -[ሀ510 08 ew; XA c Bend for: ‘Price LW -

* RS “የር ሠለ! esI ||] ee — 56. ይሬ —“ —

d Pe

bus SINGLE BEDDING DAHLIA

we «uu ቅ

on ; M ST
UM. f PLANTS. hoi
, ማሃ 114 d 1 1
| 115 |
ሪሽ. HHIHH

— — 5i Jio JU. LA 'COLTNESS | GEM Sd

Pipe ሰማ 86:4. durent" e nie- in 1918.
Hothie (Rakes: SROs Sr ROS require z mnkes. a
. erri: beit ahd flovere atl segkon Amt] ent. ditm
: 283 net. - ፔክሩ iiral plaut fap quito parks ami

d weder — to the — — — BE .“ጣዥ. sintqes,;: asp dor. dares and small’ gante. |
-U your Seedaman ሰመ nat. 6. Carmona; ‘amd your A má uy Meritt. GALS: dinhitia ምመያ TRS.

ROBINSON BROTHERS Ltd, West Br omwich, Staffs. E o IOa wer dozens post New. Mat Jieltverss - 4

: Dwarf Bedding Dahlia, Dunecht Yellow

— — — —— — ናት :::1: F cre Su Rod “from "oftiess- Rum. .Sünie ga ; 2
WIERA | — pu ad ነ | Md T 4.- - Paoa habito;
n - 2 p das M ‘en’ ረ T ZEE i: ji 1. JAN — አረር ፍው ሇላ En —— ፲ 'pec —— ——— isl: post. —
“Rival — Stake. Mee is AS 4 ነ) A | ሠ W f Sumer Lis af Bedding Plate, etia opis:
1 ት ዌቪሙሚምቸየር hoot Se ey ai * M i a
Ede የ0. Sfi Werte: 1892: abe R: | IR ITING 08.) 8|» PURDE, à, Watson Sten Glasgow, e
mens y 2d p ሃህ : h

| GARDEN TOOL CATALOGUE

WHT not fat, ዊክጴ? መወ md T i
; Captain tos, — dr Ees afters replied: ም ;

“Samples s f^ iy Wu p et fves. ier
CHELSEA BRAY, 86699 "o, 28: 4.
M. ሀ. GEÉERWORD, PEGE)

ምንም እ. Brakai, Barker: 2s

Te:

ur AN Y x "va E
T V — —
ፍና. E

* 2 — TONO ^ — ገኤ ሕ um be ሪወኖ-- wie > ኮው
- — ድ ta a SE a CE SEIT a TBI ኤቫ... ዳች ጋመ ር እዱ»
— — rere. -/---መቋጅ m = * — — AY

“ORCHIDS

‘The Lager Kaen owe — a 3rowers & — | f

. Pioneers | ot: ማረ. |Suenbfie Methods.
vore. Orchid. Seedling Raising, |

| CHARLESWORTH & CO, up,

OHAYW ARDS HEATH, SUSSEX.

FAV RIS CDU Y: — FQ que ;
የሕ VIH AT BARDS YS ፈፀ SUN GWE |
AY ESO. IOS ESL ASH

‘The. Nurseries

* ^ CARDIFF `
BAHLIAS|

ASK FOR 4 CATALOGUE.

X. TRESEDER LTD.

COE ES EN TM ETS 54
WATERPROOF,” ... . SMALL MESH. |
| Bor ‘Sueda. “and. Sgwherny. “protection |...
(ነ X dream. ravages ot. yds,
E vara long, 3 yar stile, 29. 6d. 30 by z Bs. A
iB dy 4 Tea 60. 20 by 3- Ags. : ህ0.ከት 5-125. 8.

Pu ET uy 5 i5s. Prage Pa.

oH. ROBINSON, Net Works, RYE.

"MONAGHAN'S

J stug. DESTROYER

STOVE & GREENHOUSE PLANTS |. MEINEM soe VM መካህ ot aii

. -Aralias, ‘Crotons. Caladiums, Dracwnas, etc, ali —— ATH p
| ሀዉ been tested —

KILLS WEEDS . |
FERTILIZESUISGRARS —
The Lawn Lith prover 4
wath 30 yener fepuis- t ; kinde of Falisge, Flowering & Climbing Fiants

p" * ti fo 685018. Fulb]o
^n RIE nr TOR Vadis dul fk apanr 2 d RENS 7" largest and ost. compitit. sallectiog: 5ይ the ‘trade, a '፻5 GMT DELAY. - WRITE TO-DAY.
us R RUSSELL LTD, TO ጅዌየ pocket, 12; poatage, WM, extra: two piis. #8. OC

ME | A a ያ Garden Sap plies frd. | E E MONAGHAN, NOWE. BRIDE,” ATH ATOR
* A MANON —

à A INO Sranmec can lc oY m Richmond. wins Mabel, — e

Aba 28,1098 o

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EL ‘WEED 3 DEATH wa

Rew Bok-FOHORQUE. WEED KILLER. POWDER,

vea, 11 nol murr 805 Tine the. dations:

; RS a | Commend, —— THE ROOTS.
pans Qe. b d E 1 ውር in አው
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COREY ይ 05... —

CHELSEA — 58

_ STORIES Hardy Scotch — m :
| are “famed or their. ት1 [ous 318, but-
| — QUILE! URICULAS, -
| COWSLIFS, POLYAN ፲
ቭ 360116 loom. qo bs. ‘enjoyed Parücpate

AO,

| in this jay by vianing eur grüep of above | | |
‘Group. 44 ——

— Chelsea. Tent i
Taibng send fox: Catalogue.

STORRIE & STORRIE |

i OF Tiny. Seedling- FAME ES
_GLENCARSE, PERTHSHIRE.

LOOK ! TANNED CARDEN = |

riers. ‘dexpatch wed dame
ES ን dm L3 yard; Bie as x a, Vie:
Odd: ‘netting for bush |

AU — ‘supplied.
Also ‘Tennis’ "Boundary Meme . .-

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MOORE. % Co. Net Works, E 1 . .=

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6. thas for 2/8. 2: ae

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dest. Sus

CHRONICLE.

HOT HOUSE
BUILDERS,

COTTAGES.
S . —

Hes ihe e Me

E. taney, 7
j; 3e : 1724.

rw
Nl

md

GEM DAHLIAS

COLTHESS. GEM,
E alice, ur insane SUE ' aud. -
nS HER: S ates CES fenatatved IN tous Vest: Tiwacl: ,
"de bag, Pa hah —
1 ርዴ ከ Patho fies: — —

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: ክጻሺ፣ rre je ነዱ Power
ME. does " are di dnd s

eng dime 505

ምችን ef Haedy- — — Deleted
Pipars ወ» be: baw: host free on regaest. —

| AUSTIN. & MeASLAN.
, 89-95. Michell: St. ‘GLASGOW:

DAHLIAS. ,, ALL SECTIONS. -

SUME Collectids f ig tornplersly up ser dare, prelude
| the New: KA. svar" E let Kat and M the |

OBÉGONIAS.
NEW CACTUS: GERANIUMS..

C
1 X These are quite a: Novelty: SALORA, Ms 13:8 በ64.
E !

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and NUS pande voned : አ፡6181፳2. AM. awn

he pin ደ ይ ይ.

a. WOOLMAN, Sie, jme |

YOUR. "GARDEN.

-1 LA BIRD. SANCTUARY. ፡ ES i

pyre: the: Birds Unt: your: garden | sed. hry jat
— hie — Math Ut ane Hot, DE Be and ር

* AFT: 3x
“BIRDS” BATH

> Diameter ፲8 ina.

PRICE - - SELS
5:9 f]

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Bowes, Peeling. 4 6

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P ag: “ዘዘ Briks) 5405

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Tints trom, ets. ne 26 t,

! ^ sr Road, — 7

= PLANT HOUSES
E Pisces HOUSFS ;
EATING APPARATUS..

AND BUILDINGS FR:
GARTEN: FRAMES,

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As ven dine: ‘Collections. bÉ Recent ‘ew ነ- A :
| TE
1 |

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"Height. 486. Bins, ; HB

1. | Souls, 1 ዝ##8.. aoe .1 ከጻ
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LONDON, No

— — —

"GARAGES
BUNGALOWS

.ESTAIBS an
ALS RINDA —

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Paar EH ብ ውቁ AE IT URS SARA GAE Dl rq

-Fhe fest: noie. b Hardy: Polar: phat -

— — P t — Lis rite; ——
nice dignis cei sinyal Wie Hag Sn. ——

* (M GAUNTLETT $ CCo. 1.91...

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ለ — — for somples ' ef our

— SPORTS ለሽ

ok FLOOR” 7 T

MA ባፍ — ነ ae ye
“Tencis Count Bordering, 16564 Tos. ‘snd Bottom. 5
E yds. long; 2 2 2 yds. wide: 485: 49 ኮና 3,26/-;. |
^39: by A3 -. ON goden Støndar ls for same, ta ft.
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; $ — በ9414 94፡71
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THE: — ፡ ጢሽ
CHEAPEST. ::-.

> SPECIAL: POTS F
Fer Roses; Vines; ^

NK Chryasit trtum.
F — Tener Fur Bans and E
—* Hour Bows
Ena Ns X n አሇ eno: t ዳ PAN: A
mw A tip dere? os d 7 AE
Wee. .:..:: 54 fre wea day Bis: a
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— ው soar na RG E ‘gabe: —— ot: eae -+129 8

do Boum auf. here 981828 Pu quatanofi, ህና write M
EC BC ihe iret Price kan
WICHARD SAM KEY A SON, LTD. J

Rr ፆስሳ ሎት›5 :

| E BULWELL NOTTINGHAM.

w.

. Rustic 5

ደ — —

— OrcWids mud 1281 |

v. FEMA THE GARDENERS” CHRONICLE. — M" May 23, 1925

———— — — መ =

ከከከ ዜር... SE At SIT RENE IEE I i I PRIS S
IFAT CO

BTA TCOLDILIATCOLMMVATCOLL TA TCO

O — 69164 whe O
() The Cricket April 1,24. S. Devon. ጋ
= No. 6 Club ፡
Secretary Dear Sirs,
You may be interested to see from
enclosed report that your Atco Mower
7 has been a great success andi a saving
A ups ፡፡፡ . ዐ
n eolo
OQ County Trial matoh - on ማር of its U
x t scare SMOD: this 16 mainly due | -
T ma ne,
I e Cultivat M
at Olyapia last month 3 i Deve : |
— about it. —
ve me ቀ
I em — to eri ane: pat 20፡13 ac 557 |
by inetelrents as we i not a rich olut ~
Q end 4 not run to a big outlay now. O
E Yours truly, | | i
| ፡
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|
2 | ፻
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| |
In the letter reproduced above the Secretary of one of man
. " p * Y
© Cricket Clubs using the ATCO Motor Mower expresses his E Q
E opinion of the machine. Let us prove ATCO claims by M ኑ-
T arranging a free demonstration on your own grass without obligation. I g
16 inch 22 inch Model, £75 ; 30 inch Model, :
Model, £50 Personaliv delivered. Guaranteed BE PET | z
pr for Cash in seven days. — —
take a pride in their lawns should send ooblete : ihe ATC ]
ዕ “ Turf Needs” and “ Notes of Praise! dia j : Motor Mower Á ርን
* : ወ ወ — rnaro: I “ጣሚ
G CHAS. H. PUGH, Limited {reppe mi freyre ሻዩ E
ፍቺ WHITWORTH WORKS, 32, Tilton Road, BIRMINGHAM. o ^ (ክፎ hands of every class T
Eira TCOMMUA rc OmMTATCOMMTATCOMMEATCONITATCOATCO mparcomj

sick pay, £3,688 in grants to members in distress,
£4,363 to members over 70 years of age, £7,020
to the nominees of deceased members and it has
invested funds amounting to £68,776. ወ g
Every horticultural worker under the age of 45 should
look ahead and provide for assistance during illness and
distress by joining this long-established National Gardeners'
Friendly Society. 2 ጋ Ø g

HE UNITED HORTICULTURAL BENEFIT AND
PROVIDENT SOCIETY has paid out £16,452 in

FULL PARTICULARS FROM .

A. C. HILL, 35, Alexandra Road, West Kensington Park, W. 14.

May 23, 1925

THE GARDENERS’

TH

Gardeners’ Chronicle

No. 2004.—SATURDAY, MAY 23, 1925.

AESA EREA ——

CONTENTS.

Agricultural workers, Miln, Mr. G. ፻., acci-
unemployment in- dent to... T ... 346
surance for ..945 | Obituary— . Í

Allotments vee nee 346 RE ጊነ x ... 364

Alpine garden— ase Gare en, the—
Conandron ramon- Some enemies of the

dioides Ad - tose m .. ] ድ 350

Annuals for conserva- Rothamsted, "appoint...
tory and greenhouse ment at... — .. — .. 346
decoration ... ... 353 Rural Industries, de-

Books, notices of— . velopment of... ... 440
Botanical Magazine 340 | Societies—_ .

Brazil Nut, the... ... 349 Chelsea Show... ... 834

Edinburgh, notes from 351 | Trees and Shrubs— m

> — so] Berberis... we . 347

El Jardincito Japones 352 Exochorda grandi-

Florists’ flowers— flora 347
Out door Chrysan- | Pa Achy ACR a

themums 3 Rhododendrons of the

“ Gardeners’ Chronicle” Lapponicum series 347

|. seventy-five years ago 346 Walnut culture in

Harding Cups for Oregon ... .... HO
Paeonies eoe 945 | Week's work, the ... 348

Indoor plants— > ‘ . x
Dieffenbachias 3533 Wembley Garden Club 346

M'Alpine, the late Prof. Wisley Gardens, the
A.N. ... s ... 946 ideal keeper of the ... 343

ILLUSTRATIONS.
Antirrhinums and annual flowers exbibited by Messrs.
Sutton and Sons at Chelsea Show... "n e. 855

Auricula Argus ... X - — e E Se. ኋ30

Brazil Nut ... — ድ zi Dus ixi oe ... 0340

Conandron ramondioides s ON Te zs S. dol

Cypripedium pubescens at Chelsea Show ... s ... 938

Dahlias exhibited by Messrs. Carter Page and Co. at

Chelsea Show : 357

Dwarf Japanese trees and miniature gardens exhibited
by the Yokohama Nursery Co. at Chelsea Show 362

Garden and tea house exhibited by Messrs. R.
Wallace and Co. at Chelsea Show ... " e. 359
Greenhouse plants exhibited by Messrs. J. Carter and
Co. at Chelsea Show x ce E * 358
Irises exhibited by Messrs. G. Bunyard and Co. at
Chelsea Show ያች — m" — sa .. 00
Mond, the Rt. Hon. Sir Alfred, portrait of ... ... 046
Narcissus Beersheba — ... d Eid — " e. 333
Odontioda Cora var. Princess at Chelsea Show s. ood
Rhododendron sphaeranthum በ — A e. 347
Kock garden exhibited by Mr. Herbert Brook at
Chelsea Show 351

Tulips exhibited by Messrs.

Dobbie and Co. at
Chelsea Show ae dos ::

AVERAGE MEAN TEMPERATURE for the
deducted from observations
years at Greenwich, 30537.

ACTUAL TEMPERATURE—

The Gardeners’ Chronicle Ottice. 5, Tavistock Street.
Covent Garden, London, Wednesday, May 20,
10am. Bar. 3*1, temp. 55°. Weather, Raining.

ensuing week
during the last fifty

Tue task of discovering the

The Ideal ideal gardener for Wislev, on
Keeper which, doubtless, the Council

of the Wisley of the Royal Horticultural
Garden. Society is now engaged, must
inevitably prove a difficult

one. The ideal Keeper of a garden which
should become under his care the most
beautiful in the world must evidently
possess many qualities rarely combined in
one individual. He must, of course, have
a wide knowledge of plants and of their
garden values. To that knowledge, based
on long and varied experience, must be
joined an openness and an elertness of mind
which should make the Keeper quick to
anticipate the promise of all the many new
introductions in the cultivation. of which
Wisley should be pre-eminent. Added to
these qualities must be an unerring —or
shall we sav, since the ideal Keeper is but

human- -a rarely erring judgment, in the
large questions of garden design. For to

him will fall the dual task of demonstrating
the beauty of old styles of gardening and of
discovering that of new styles. The’ ideal
Keeper: must, moreover, carry this burden of
knowledge lightlv, not staggering morosely
under its weight, but bearing himself urbanely

so that all who visit the Wisley. Garden may
carry away from it not only knowledge,
which is precious, but a feeling of serenity
vet more precious, and the finest thing to
be got out of any garden. The ideal Keeper
must also know how to manage men and
to communicate his enthusiasm to them.
Fortunately for the prospects of success in
finding him there are certain qualities which
the ideal gardener need not possess. Even
though he lack all knowledge of the life
histories of pests and the attributes of
artificial manures, and although he has
never practised the scientific breeding of
plants and recks not of plant chimeras, he
may still prove the ideal Keeper, provided
onlv he has an accessible mind and under-
stands the importance of lending his practical
aid to those who are engaged in scientific
horticultural research. Where then, it may
be asked, is search for the ideal Keeper
likely to attain success? If these arguments
are sound, it is evident that the search must
be among the members of the older rather
than the younger generation of gardeners.
And this not because the younger generation
is not at least as good as the old—to suggest
such a thing is to be guilty of /ése-majesté
to vouth—but because no man not yet arrived
at middle life could have had the time to
garner in enough experience to enable him
to set about the work at Wisley which requires
urgently to be done. Nor need this conclu-
sion be regretted, for on the one hand the
R.H.S. owes in very large measure the repu-
tation which it enjoys to-day to the old gar-
deners— Robert Thompson, Archibald Barron,
and S. T. Wright, who served the Society
from its early Chiswick days. Each of the
three was in his way a great gardener, and
if their successor be their equal the future
of Wislev as a garden is assured. Not the
least of the tasks which await the Keeper
is to take up the training of voung gardeners.
This he needs to do both for the benefit of
the country and of Wisley. The scientific
side of the education of the gardener is
alreadv done extremely well at the gardens,
and if there can be added to this an equally
good training in the art of gardening, youth
will presently come into its own, and the
successor of our ideal Keeper will be found
in the ranks of the vouth who will flock to
Wisley to learn the full art and craft of
gardening. It need scarcely be said that,
provided the attractions of the post are
adequate and the emoluments generous, it
should not be impossible to discover the
man who fulfils all these conditions, and
who is worthy of a post which should be
the most coveted of all gardening posts.

Walnut Culture in Oregon.—Àn American
contemporary states that Walnut culture is
at present one of the most profitable lines in
horticulture in Oregon. A Walnut Orchard
in full bearing will yield about one thousand
pounds weight of nuts per acre each year,
giving a gross return of about $250. As the
gross working charges amount to írom $50
to $75, this leaves a nct income of about
$150 to S200 per acre. In the earlier years
a Walnut orchard is intercropped with early-
bearing fruits, and these are gradually thinned
out as the Walnuts increase in size. The
extra cultivation necessary to the **fillers "
is considered to be of great advantage to
the Walnut trees. |

Genetics of Variegation and Leaf Structure
of Ferns.—At the recent meeting of the
Linnean Society, Dr. W. Bateson, F.R.S..
gave an interesting account, illustrated by
lantern slides, of the investigations conducted
by Miss L. Andersson at the John Innes

CHRONICLE.

345

Horticultural Institution, into the genetics of
variegation. and leaf structure in four distinct
Ferns. Spores being sown on Knop-agar, the
several kinds of prothallia could be counted
and observed continuously. Segregation in
respect of green or pale plastids may occur
(1) at reduction; (2) during the prothalial

growth; or (3) in somatic tissue of the
sporophytes, or in ny of these stages
successively. Starting from the variegated

Fern the course was in each genus distinct.
Lastrea: prothallia all green (probably some
spores non-viable), giving Ferns all variegated.
Adiantum: from any one sporangium pro-
thallia mixed; either white, or green, all
subsequently acquiring whito stripes, and
producing Ferns either entirely white, or
green with white stripes. Scolopendrium :
any one sporangium gives exclusively pro-
thallia either all greens, giving all green
Ferns which breed true; or all pale, which
gives variegated Ferns only. Polystichum :
behaviour too complex for summary. Segre-

cation may occur at any stage. It may be
completed at reduction, or postponed to the
haploid stage, or to the diploid. In P.

angulare the forms known as truncatum and
compictum are probably Mendelian recessives.
Professor Weiss, in his remarks on_ the
subject, expressed some doubt as to whether
the various phenomena described represented
the same type or kind of variegation. He
was of opinion that further investigations on
the physiological conditions of the cells were
required to elucidate the nature of the
colourless cells.

The Harding Cups for Paeonies.—Paeonies
aro so comparatively easily grown that it is
a matter of surprise they are not more
largely used in our gardens. In America
their value has been realised for some time,
and there seem to be many enthusiasts who
cultivate a great number of varieties. Among
them the best known is Mrs. Edward
Harding, who published in 1917 The Book of
the Peony, and, more recently in 1923, a
smaller volume on Peonies in the Little
Garden. So convinced is Mrs. Harding of the
value of Paeonies for garden decoration that
she has presented to the Royal Horticulturai
Society three cups to be awarded for exhibits
of these flowers. The first will be offered
for competition at the Royal Horticultural
Society's show on ‘Tuesday, June 9, 1925,
for the best exhibit by an amateur of three
flowers each of six varieties of Paeony.
Medals will be awarded as the second and
third prizes if the exhibits are considered to
deserve them. It is hoped that Mrs.
Harding’s generous offer will encourage a
keen competition among amateur growers of
Paeonies. Entries should reach the Secretary
of the Royal Horticultural Society, Vincent
Square, London, S.W.1., not later than the
first post on the morning of Wednesday,
June 3, and all exhibits must be staged not

later than 11 am. on the morning of
Tuesday, June 9. i
Unemployment Insurance for Agricultural

Workers.—The Minister of Agriculture and
Fisheries and the Secretary for Scotland have
appointed Sir R. Henry Rew, K.C.B., Mr.
John Beard, Mr. David Black, Sir Thomas

Davies, M.P., Mr. Thomas Denholme, Mr.
James Falconer, Mr. James Gardner, Mr.

Thomas H. Ryland, Mrs. Lucy Deane Streatfield,
C.B.E., Mr. R. B. Walker, and Mr. Denton
Woodhead to be a Committee to consider
and report whether it is desirable that workers
in agriculture should be compulsorily insured
against the risk of unemployment, and, if so,
on what terms and conditions. and in what
manner the insurance of agricultural workers
can be most effectively provided, cither by
the inclusion of agriculture within the scope
of existing legislation or by means of new
legislation. Sir R. Henry Rew, K.C.B., has
been appointed Chairman of the Committee.
and Mr. R. E. Stanley. of the Ministry of
Agriculture and Fisheries, and Mr. F. W.
Charlton, of the Ministry of Labour. Joint
Secretaries.

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——

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Med gewoad. providing that: loans- te pni ila
“allotment, societies for hing: dumd.-on- Mess.
“and for equipping ény land, atiwe “purchazet
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: Wembley ‘Garden | Club. —The états
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/xnontha -during which: the: exhibition will bé -

Protes | 9991. P 5 1 — — | fo

be security af tenure - for ‘allotment bolders, - Bs
ED

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tutine pf modën distans, . liter&inre, oconomuem |
nd ssenology.- with particular. : feferenos; 3፡9
eurai ‘condjtions. | There 54:1. fe dest Ies
payee: Pherdistry,. mud Bialegr and. Vastraetión
farm accounts, marketing. - eredi, rural
ded Roveroment, "and other matters nori-
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፣ 21261.
AT ul iA Ns
aro.”

Hegel Butano Booty s E
s May 30: Ww 'akéfield - ak: "Men EE

WA ፍክ Y: En መ "Pali 866 5. — as. —
dif. Coir On, i Woduenlas;- "ba. im kh di js ve — Wer —

— ው አ ት á ፡ በሇ the
ህዬ.

tthe — Beori : Ya 3ከ65 .
Su: Batdal ray new Chei

Viele Aene, - ud ነ
de so. By. —

then ub da z
: ፻, DOPE, . D
Chelsea - — s. nr "and dte muy. dy a
ደ. | Jute, | dave Been so: described Hy.
due THE pimi. 5. question, “however, wal: ፡
Send - ከ6066. “ከ0860: Olfeetory terpes re it
m. ander - more of boney then Violet» iv -—
i 8፻ tdi Character: of Gabun verndin -
Bnd aust ህከከርዮ eommon planta,
BOD. — Gverpoweting: Xon will Ching —
opre long hav an; eppeortxnity of. tost Ange av.
| -960296፻. As T. have avery
:: ከ6663ሀ1ጽ. a ary “popular 4 lant ;
between: —
— —

X — Dum.
ዴ T 321 irai
T n — arn M E
«5 *

que AG

# ማን.

es

d, wie

-

M meum 8 :

(expectation. 332 wal Me

May: mec 1926

.

TREES AND sHRuUBS.-

BHODODESDRONS OP: THE. TAP.
OPONIGUM SERIES. |
— from. ኮ።ጆ dep.

UR. vtATIDUSC This species 15 jen: DT des
mogt dnterestiag. an The. group en wecaunt . aM c
cxt. — J whi”
E during: Apri; Char. 35m mecond.
vrop E. አመፀ 38 thes. tatum: he upper.
` surfaces of “the leaves, 46. bright green 4nd *
the | 168 Biong “aronantic. ; Ton-yeur eld. -
Emishes are. cabout twa, Pant high’: ይ 1158
ነ they ,8፲5. healthy: dnd ver. acsm
5%ሎ0. mulier. R : avidum Js 8. debghtiul thiember ^
of the. Berd 6283. :፲)68ኛ' ba. Téeominénded. ፡
without any Teserves.” Toed ti: The Gare
deners Chronicle. that” 'ዜ. has. been. pcossud
owh Re ranhyentbum ; ቤክ thie latter ‘gpecies .-
belongs to Rather group, joi 'ከጩጨ ኳ —
thick.“ 884: dent: ‘shigmte, > ፡ "wenid. ከ: atl
mors Totarcating | bec men e አ ያሰ.
i o have ed. qhab- Ri Bovidom.- da duet ue
vealtivatiog, which, በከር þa ermneons -

፲፪. '‹:8.8%:#55:38.---. Another - Species. with, ydtow - oe .

. flowers, hat) cei as habit.. yit différent:
- frome Ri 1 and. A Taare, eus sione. shapes
es Ke Ue 8፡8: hnimble Ahano, '

Mes Oh — vobpkry, | Western China, Tor -
TOL" prie ቁ ‘only: reaches ape ineho ta two በከመ

Cd eight. PME

RRR 86 uerba. Te fologia dark renis UE
vo | Andieative ef Rood” Ransxtitution and. hardiness,’

THEO GARDENERS: |

"A ዘመን & een s
- Brobght. to this.” todnfrs by Partie: Heatly. :
Beyenty.Bxe- vars . Agi. db ode 801. met ከ. '

— Appear: 30 be shy v.

mme. “only, ፲
“violacea,

E

differ in sch
‘tata: Bowerin. #

.50708.
ga bridist, ጋርኖ. SMOD S ፍታ ES

JEXOCHOBDA. qi BAN DIF LORA.
——

anteodue: tori.

early 8(, frequently , PEN 345. '፲6፡4118. በ፡8ቦ፻ዊ6ፀ..

' 5ካ.1ኛ 306%, -ኤ native of Notthart’ “China, “and:
duni. therefore bn ር6ኽአ116የ6ፌ | Tidy 16: ail
Mut the taet. apla id. and exposed prts. ot his’

—4

phe Row APS. aec "Aya, bhalfzànmeli Ar WO BéTÓNS, | dett

ን und. 19 not appe. 3auch above. ኒከ8 folge, |
ador RA Oum PCKCTATUM I: ‘beliewe this. MDHE
(ATUS d taparse.. (Bete dw PORN ክፀርበበፎ
iil jm AS .- ኤክ: the: hant ^as two niches: Drowdo
| ong ie urb. Dun, wary ANOER

“being: inehtied ar 4ከ6- back:
Bh "eal. “aromatic, A ns S ak crowded: the
Y devant. ፦ — cansisiing E 14: ta
our: '8ሰፍ ot <a brihi purple shades ነህሃከዘ'ክ:'

dox | geawing s s
| jj Js ERES (giri donee 3 ደድ: ውር the: hinds’ dwams ro
| Tha. degré ire

appear: ‘later, than. SEN. 5 a “now mt 38. Y DX

ane: Series.
des CENESTUM. — Thi dés ds: fai: the ከበር ፡
-gtrower - ARADO RAL: the seres: the “abit: às d Wc
and: Jüore. ater. qe rubiginpsdo: br As Jalos
ane "The. leaves aro. one inch 16 Ahroe
Cigiehes - ‘Jong, almost. bblencednte,: and: with a:
| የገ1996የሮ: ከ826; iney. ‘assusne 4 lovely part
eplour. in: “the: nutum "veippreached. by any.
bere. in the group, "The flowers are produced |
ebandantly, ananally four. WW six 76. an wrahell;
| ዩከሮኛ are mauve. Pegloanired. - and have ac lang.
— The” calyx. 38. rither- lerge, the sepala: <
DA qnerübranous, and. with ቤ /711ል16:1 Page. pi
Áo Man. yields plenty. of. seeds,
uos ou CASARE A very: tear wally: 48. hes?
above avd may bá termed. 8: stiller for:
hes deaVem rer Tess in. ize" And arn. tti tie..
| Ehe በዕጩ 180 ይሸ Amallor - dd a little.

Hi እት ናስ this dàn p RE species. PTS
dwarf habit. said to- grow ‘one “fost” Jr R)
jet. Ib de distinguished fromm “the Species f.
hage. suumerated ‘by the lung bristles. «1. de

Found | ou ces young. wood. nud the ‘feat >
Margins ; “the flowers are purple: witb. ay ayle 227
|. than. the idrofla, 23

Other species not Bo. well. Ivoga sué
perhaps | dt is foo soon to እ ን or ‹8፡411በነ61፡
OUR future. valu& ጸፍ garden plants--üfe 35.

three peres. st which do not. auk. 3nucft Jateral -
growth. These - three Bptéedesg have. w bare.
Bppearenon sins ` fa [በርሄ oto dofiage z dheyo
ars — Sab ኳ.... denge .
p da - meenile. flowers - eas
E ማን dene Julie c flowers dires 89...
wechkal a “tot” ‘ta he’. “seen te advantage. The:
vokus. hinges: ከ65፳9፡ጪ purple and. magenta.
Another aah hie: nay © 96. near to- the

dos - Abres” om nomp Ro telmatenun, | SEU,
: pyenocludur — ‘idonemm, | Duat these:
S E BS Sirs having “Nery? sell eaves. ‘ane
— aha.. E. : dense, - twiggy, habit,’ ን
2 Howers: - የፍበሂር inue: irom. purple `
fokale. bla.

፡ P de alse: ወሯ utter. ቁ ፲ ወ

he. argise antt Máy
Uo. fawotiag,
| ከ699. Oe

ptr o

፻16

E AR grows. “very — in. de NERA

districte, d. fine: group «hem: teig over twelve
eet. high: awt abit: aightéen fect, 66 diameter.
Shes pinnis. are govered. at the xu merit: witht
“he. pearly . white: flowers,’ which: aris borne: Di
“erect: SHES. of. [rom fives) U^ Aen: -blovms..-
በኪ Gueneuring cover Ad inch ከርኛ0/6.

The nama. "Pel Bush”? has. depo. ive

ida 4118. Exochorda: frets. thy appearanie of
6. AR mcheoutitbüm, mud X osnenum,

፲18. ‘soe sy. hate LE for. A. have ‘been: unable የዕ
wipe Y this; 'as' Na! sued - PUE er. heen pro- .
“duced on Any P our plants; the tounded,

| ህከበ buds. dive. 156 m. ikenena" (0: ‘these:

n pine: pod | gh Heus w D a pda AME.

ERA. Recount, ከ199...

duel 8: “fair —— nbi ገና) iod. of. FE ed |
and it whe wety interesting tà :

nore. thet at -
alate: 1b WAR jrrinei ipay.
thie curent. genre

^ phat. v Gut. e Cle te) rae
bee ‘termindl buds EE

"aiv | that opened. dar flawers, the remain -

ig lateral. bads remaming ‘sealed and. vosurving -
‘their proper. time:
xd "pi the. full: phos Af its.
hut wen j dite.
dnte Hom. Cale n: Castle. Hardens. —

CHRONICLE,

; ሃድ — Je

e nivale, eie and d ds
; generally. ‘agreed -that tháse. with tho- “others,
“ate very nesr ፻% one ‘another, conly minute a
“difforences | /Beparatmng (hem Rat) tbey mag - They”.
jalities as haedinesa, enrly QE
Hat some grow batter: dn. one.
.pmiticn. than another, sud. there is waya |

difference 35. Habt ikay. also. Rer ፡ ረው ‘Plante, or. da dec ` ብርህ ከ pr

— alis | ይካበፀርበዱ. 2x

Sut Thy dower in spepus, fruit án ameri “thie
ANES oU: Sindee: foliage. in. waitin: Is highly” X
P Prick: Bui - e Shy deis |
davüg deed

oreamental
Heeoration of the `
whsther they ara growir- oa sedard: „shmiba,

e berries pamit. du aio
om Ten.

iogprending, -

mo z E a SENADO
e ፡- ES dew hie. spoles with — — eee

i | ር07089ህዐ5 - ' ከህክ8ከ65-. whieh

‘bright pink berries: in’ autumn:

mapa > | slowed:

Pon — aiy. ES | hedge ክበ ን
Barberries’ have buti ans rival; 4

"possess

gatdi- —

ev. possess m prent charm. E

pe - 68:01. "ይበ rick =
pili Bayr “OF S

"For. growing. dn: 5 paa. ase NES — ae

Bettis: while’ thb- e

o «ለክ equal Berberis Thunbergiiy: ASS ‘dapanose.”
18.8. white. Aowering | ‘shrub: blossoming” in’

Barbarry: d$ is, valuable far: planti ing. E
ermunent, ägg along CATES ATES Bice ü
Ii makes dense cw cgebwethue :. te

sping tranches, ant podio

—

PAGO: dep: iade aw. ges Mk ሠ.
followed - by. "chustora: of total - ከ6968.

HB. atehophylfa 5:8. — ae 5
Sein: of Aveeping dabit. producing lang nd =

densely growing. Dime. ducnislwd wiih: eene
cogfeonc linvis. -
፡: epring: ዝከ ክኩ gellow. “Bowers.”

የ" 42) —— dutuig —
-pnyliejt« is nm apaces- OE recent; adnt6duetion
ideato. E hing; - And Ory: ‘attractive: - 1
ATE averted swith
. ህየክቭቨርዬ- yellow flowers: in ápring; Afallewist - be
cH AV በ939
'ኒከር.. Dioni *

ከ68 8 dense, spreading - habit >
needle dA - ap TOON

mre በ1፲901-' with coop.

Phe flowers are paden” yellow) 66: — e
"uro aueceeded.: by brillant red. berries,
fomes the. chiot. attrantion eroe panto

whe ES

Ate the Tiuürepous ' ‘hybrids: AAD: ot hu —
one “those feu 46. Case R Hw - በከ -
Wiley: M OC koe REA IO Ii ER

Bacberrlos- are ven excellent. —— መበ *

On banks. meer. Water. Biy- ponds; on

cand hey. duxurmte 36 à deeply -trenehed;- .
-amy eil - bute dpi. 30018. shoud not. de
CM 6086. m — (Oa, T Sen

ኦን n M ና t
$i T f - *
Mc AT T. z ት 10, a *
i
ም ` *

i privet :.
|,ይሆዌኛጅ “commendable”. አከከ
c xiftüer they are hardy, 591 heye '"evety
gharacteristie < desmed doro thes)
gnatters: Oe»

Sah.

THE ORCHID: HOUSES.

WA 3 የፈጨዚ, 6ዘብ‹በ to — i
። ቃም ል ለ ይር Giton Parte: Redgate." መነው IE

ES | «et: Both: aie 3129 E
Speen of Phata ane warthy: ot cultivation.
Sane. ot: the te st ‘known | ars P. Santlerianas, ~

He E. ograudifolius. 881. the
"Edcksonii. and Pe: hoste
hoosi ak different. dites. - "b^

them This: operition: -

portin
At het Hower Apes

sitet

L ^ ካፍ!፡ዞ. peus
Free: “drainages: 48. "Mecessary ånd. “the: ROPAR
used -xhauld be 36 9 dunipy - vondition. - 120%...
E priosipatly - DW good | fibrous: ,10806 .
; mixed. sow e Jitie ae
-Sphuágnüm-moss, .. The. quanta Ara best grown >
zn nan: interned inte temperatur, pod Aore .
E position. Avere" thay will. recite plenty ph
| x ality: Jwithont being - ats ij eote 4፡9 cold draughts.
—966 pal. müppiyto
durior zc ir Bason ^ut Retive -growth;- "ut
Snc the: ‘Rasen’ M growth. ig: -futpleted - only -
sufficienk waver: i ክር8051. 196: keen. Whe sou’

hybrids. . f
vt .. 1፡1. peod: con bec

and ne. ragts "begin to
w büse of #ክሶ young. BLOMUS.

water. : ብ de "neesEI y. :

ደ RE ARDEN WAS

de y 3. crane, Jouer: 4ከ Ty. ር. Sin —
-31፡፡1፻ኮ81.. W esfontitet, “Ta bars, ‘Gloucestershire, - ES

፡፡፡ ላየ E d Pot-grown | ‘Shrubs. Aer

Wwering.— he. : future X "wsefühiees - “ም such.
plants. bat "Doni, Tilas. . 60866, - Primus. -
Viburi 801. other owe Igel hire Prena

Tarek ክብ]. በ8080. Jargely. pon this treat
Sie
deuidughs d

niter Hower-
quinme -
whee” fibween og

Tenk. afforded - therm, Noniediately:
deg. Vibe uet nic ES
flower Shrike. iponedugtz by

“yay t witht more dew. exert: oe 2088 ope =
doe nee named c

:: ፲:::-ሥ የ19 ዘፎ..ክፍ- applica: A
quanta. VM Net ፳ቺ: 5 uro D “pote. E “in the =
apat Broan], + ከ117. Fitouts : “shoot dr. pained

J "nno Sh ሄደ

— — — ERRAT — AM |

nee a

Te

ነና ገ.) ለ — hg: —
S ate Nimermia aher? quest. s :48 . 8: Beto ‘Lage
Ap Stamova. “those FORE. am^ not;or Fe ite.
- reve: tine nest —— sane SUMI Jor
cintas wot. yen. ev whet: e neaf do
aüeele m Adare. tiny que wahi Lo

A, Jh. a^

fes] cbe wares io whoo they nee 4“. ie
= በ1 Tie d ZAH: ther: grot tee senda Shae he
tally yemoyed: Fron he” ደና AY dunk

pulling: #8. cpperator - | IP
-glaves pios ds

fo
Funar gisti de “prevent ከ breue: "pati

NELLY: ^ Oye encpog c wA tbtihidy ብ.ዘዝ።ዥ onm Ne onm. Y. pulla ` EOLA ius athe
^ giroportiou ‘at “On brands d "armg- the sper. — x2 Bee: Herry Peale grow very
cHówer&. thus. $ssüting- Ye proper mation - (nd curlaces en rally? ‹በ1ከ6ዮ-- boing
ipf ti, Serai. Xhat lso defi md IUBET dew — diee send wj ከ4. jgteriel, : — Beo
qrowihe do dies produci d from: The. dass c ground | should. - . bi : ህር -
ኀ88.:: ሠ... cw thes pane. gb pot-grown |. sped BE: "forks e qi arnge ow

“በክ > Cutie jn views 6፻. "dieit ogvénter: dome: tu. pce: dbeots dus ái. Na MER? —
cus Fülncás ^ ክህ ሐናን “kept sike 5:5 Feasanahls-- hung. Panes: ከዘር. rena: high: LOT ዘናነቦኑ
| በሸክርከ3(968... prec qnunimg: haulu be SORES ardt. June. dba 139857 tie: Rr thee Wits, Hue
Boy eve dhsa Ut Applet: fo; ‘plants: guwo 1861. ay ficised: do^ Jeep hen je position
Sams The npe: graumd. At: this: : 5 5 thes daig Au Srat prki “MEABON: : Bo
“yey r. wher “spate: ; ህነቨርዮ .- elisa Ac cvéPy - vequimec "plenty oF moisture, dud where: tf
valuable, there Ag ^. “often” PS temptat iom. cien የህባቶጩ ሺ፻ኮ:: kept damp by. ህበ the: berries
1,69ሠ88.:.68 plants." foo. "hoetihy-- v Am. De d anus. 4978 Hr and: DONE, than: dt ከህየ81 [5

| ኮሲ Adest céhrubss aiovilit; - ፲፻ “pessibity faa
given every: vovnürdgeniet the make new
-' ጀሮ. Mader glass for ሰክ. dvreka -
iu dm “following: - the. "operation: -

We P DRAI

118663. 9916-61-፡668ሎ, Ons. growth may. Continue,

Oat. mot Bo wirmulans: aui - I. Wübereulósis |
ra ràther more :,11፻89:ህ16. ta ccul6vate than OWitheur ao heck CLHaes máy be’ cut: Jard >
ሂአህ:- ge^ viously 3868970851, And Jequire "n Tack "iter. Howsring "1o. flet lowest | ,፡6:97 Au.
stghtly. "waymer- ru UM EC SPOTS i] Foree t ds on ue Cworyeane 111 "wood. .
jis toxiricted rooting’. oR AGE They. Cae c -beat- plitiped - outside "ipee, ades 1.
town ገዜ shallow: ‘Ohia - n3. edu ae amore ይ አሪ dies Bea: yy FF for Mii DUE.
aper “material: ARAB ብ. otide. “raed tam. ip hie: ከ6 füccing. hei again

በነፀቨፍ hybrids: Prom Mese. species. respond
^ pod medi y w: 29 ክን ይ — ee beret

prem Z5 : rupe ji n
— Foe bes d roh ié mbine. Many

| Aubrieta, | Alyan .
— cio "variaus. foram. of.

Bu athe: quantity: qued muy bel Pariis.
quii $m Pow abont as k purto. The double--

Arabis way 4146. ገ ent fnm. cuttings, S:

Which: shoil ከቦ. inserted tir ayi, in hoxes ያ
- “ክበ Beo: and “placed Wo d al. fre ar
“to The’ font. of s north. wall: Hoala aot
Ww alifiowens., Sweet. Wihan. Myosotis Silene. -
= Nipies, and - Punspe may. m ul Des ያኪ for.
A Sime, popoe, à MU DE c

Bulbs When | —— paves 5 pus በፎ!
“spring ከ9988. cand haye“ “redet: t6: im
== gitraetive;. thoy- may “ba: 1164 earefülly- vnda
- transferred 19. “this reserve garden. Bee that ©
-ewh variety 1s dahelhed. carefully, “and, giva.

jt"

ahe ground: Ww. good souking- ‘after - Peplantiog, LE:

| aaah ha | dett:
TUS Caesa: and. Fipan naturally. - . 1): und - prepurs
— deles “thas: c “vacated: du ' ፻፡፡6/1)ከ68, tor.
REANA bedding sont thoi ካከበየበ8ዮ- Celi pits. disring

they - ፻ሰጸሃ * “te. finish then:

(ERG) axi - weak or twat
tH" ista fort. an “as ground benefit: from >
“emg takani Mp 2 peni third or ' 1018 yor,
jim i Wieb wil Taya: ETARE: -
| nia | 18(፻0. EENEN aould e ber separated. -
This. "würk #ከበ81]፡ '18፡-.በዕከር.. ——
hal Ahe foliage has) penadi Gor then. "Hie
915. mre 81::፲፻81.- AE dete doc b soe Ehra
Vefk Pey ከ888 to" put የ615. raptis der
ext yeta ‘growls, . 861. 8:6: energy walk
du lost on lifting. The bofbs uy be ‘placed
7 Ue NOWS with the. foliage, Ens nk sivnieht
jx. (116. hand, allowing: “the. deny 19. Renin

du. RATEN nc

366 te thar. fonte. “should” ከ5. diminished -

A Xe “annid. ee 890699. -8ከ18116 - under a. south
— /possitile chere.

dd t 8:1] ‘available sür
aay “hecoraes "hereughly net

pr. garden, and: ን
: Ehe - ;

ን ተ ዝኛ. Du በሆደ 64 dy division, es

winery: will woot. Show Migne-

ond. 4a) low plenty: Sof air inthe:
| ee. of hot. «mushime, ; See that the: ulige

foliage. gradually 968 hack: fnis.
| ከክህርከ 10- ÒRTA 6081.
light

OEven o bulbs whieh:

* seven .

E the: "di. 884. qd ote Alio AR Reet: AR

ኔና. e

: 41616 በገልዴ- Those. 4 gi

itis. ament: DUE adu

aar Jbardeped. iter d usteruig before Us posing: -

dom. to te “ቫኦ“፡- E “ኸር. Supply: af -spater:

Mpa 9፳.:- Finally, e

thay nb get the: benifit
i stinging, Boo dul. ከፀ rawis

ገኒ ፈ.ረቄኳ...«.ጉ;

ee, mre eem: diri i

— — E ae —

Um — see — ብዜ. i

Eh. Vinery- The Grapes ae) the:
ob ripening} EE
adest and when wiler.
AED,

"Pha. We herder. l8
1 Beciseary: apply. TEA qiteut.-
gnlinie: dew ding. phe Yate tnd
hase › 11. manure. pater. . Manitain™ de dey
fund. ከክቦኒልክዮ - Atmesphere- and. በበ, am
Vhrough: Ae “Lap Ventilators daring: thé night
ከር dune ~

nicely: developed: and evenly: díéstributed:

cave the Titae, “keeping tha Jotrvals [8,060

-haek ee kennen እለ ቢሮ a: tpe.
-shading thes suse ues mj — einer Hy

— pm the chase vf. ‘Leak nod henses.
Wijte varieties will: bihi Pac having 4ከ
epose:
A {good manly e
| Fitter will 8 Tound 05611. jn -ogan-
serving. Bee moisture: in The- borders. "rins

Hur. period - Fiat. He rag | WP The
mancha ዐይ. Postia E Ras 549: Potni

Bwectwatar onki beg
waks cotter: — Jiny: yaloured— 19.
poptai- qmrteet: 'awoetuess Ale- bares. A
hie warty AMadrbsfield | ር: wur. AS included. - du
othe ctl loose,
ai he ‘Baines - -aplitting. The: düberal« ፡6፡-
He wariety -sheald - es allowed © "td:
ቪክ6ህ! Stopping: ፲6ቦ .5. dese Wke 91. Ae
luster Aeg qu 21:15. drin. dut. quot Abus dic
us. to tute fhe Vines “tor suffer. Cont) inne Be
a> the lother Greer Mad d RAO
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ims
| By
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ከከ may. be experienced: -<

ዚየዕዥ 4

68 ofany: Poe

Un wir 2n J— 28፡6 ርጫ
— pits Mi — NAP iid. Mer Tatter
are begmaing ^ dd. wet; co
very d htekly 006; J 16: n: 6. hare ነ. dd afin
| hera; specially if the. "i

di not: ewdted: Was
eter foit, Lag nndis

WS "then ዛ91. ጠርዞ
-naturals eben. stoning 55 dor: His reisat 118
“preferable spas a 186. binnmg Anl thie
cBtonidg CADHAOEL. Over. Tees gray. ing db
Neary sots COINS P ot ron ony
PE EI S Amal quere wn tigis DE fbit traits AT
and wr -exiubl shed s Ac
“the heavy 801. in 1ከ:፡6.. gardens we ando
“Fa ta” have d (good; bree. '6፻.. የ9095... up"
oe vided. iher "wenthr ds Hoet- erg gevere at
ን flowering qeriod,- And- 356. 99 ju c4
de: UNDE: f. Me — 2

cs iiy ቨ. Paine, ፤ “ይባ fo: ህወ s Hos. Mis oxime,
5. ። - የዉ ገር Dorking, pa :..
, Pre Contiue to^ BO ^mamerop varietips
Deas, pt suitéhla. mtereaTa. acsorduip- to
estahiistondit: Hefe Am
Very shallow, "ከጠ. pronl. ‘thie Sores. dar
‘alu sys. sown 16. ኾር ኳያ drops mig —

puni das ism de ViDi .ክኮ፡ Separate deme eli,

‘Heavy faravard= dnanure, this: heiig? very
Cere cial. 46: ‘the. plants. án. fires. “of drongi.
is To- 415- jussa tha feceseivy- for. emilehing:
ARPE ws Peas) bus wt . ጸይ8፡6:: but
should- PERENA iat qi ‘all tfe rows ከ6. ህዞ
quowing. Aitonglv shonld ^ be. በዚህ Hennis;
“thug Büyjug- An, Amount af Jagur: in wütering.
"Eras iow "ups from the: dawn. Any . pé et
for “ne purpose. dE. fátmmanid.- “manta 18. ስለ
ootama ea Atike ‘should de qibieeik. te teach
“rosy. ORO! “BOOT as apports. de. 'penesadry.
“AD — TOUNJ- “donit. þei ከ]1፡%፡4፡' Joetweet

—— Btieks an. “ooh. side of the: ዝሰ . 46 aio

“plenty uf, room. fof. he banimi fo develop:
Aon Sewing. ik ronde. (every: fen be Tonte
: sawapi: rowing Parity hond de
included : beo. cor brew -deills “are: SONT.
his ው e [በና more. Aphis aud Air: between
the rows and በበዚኗከ5ከ1፳: tbi ih of —
attacks: o: mies Lot Ad

Jadahes.— S
fs keep- 3p d 198858693. peru eee pice
. 10፻8ከ[8. — (99 በደ 2 te 1፡8 መቃን
“porte. ats thie garden, thurs: ranting | vertin that.
ne -beeak 8411. osenc 18 the: supplyc — Mrke:
"ዐበር' Sewing "Hr the npin cmd "nother: Ea
hited. “powition. Never ayw the: maelinzs
miens Srám ürexight,. Sabie waad fésult
ja the: Toels- Dying tngh amd fisdinas. “Birds:
— vary: ሀጸ፲ባ161 ta- Radish. EUPA there.
468: «ከ19. " te nme. በይ a

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— — Y BRAZIL. SERS Mes —

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51: ጳጳ —— Back.
| cp PH as

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| abies Be illas, E Héllortope: S NA eet
^Bariened: "ats: ግ) 86. "bes: éd. 7 um aie
e ህዞ prota a 5611 Trames. ዛር በ ፃ

^ cle: 35 ለል diee A A
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qae aee c gre 7in- winters as — — bud.
—— planting. avid 55384181:.- Jünd -of -.

An wüf Yee 1በህሮከ: better to- ee — S e
468186: ' ከ1989. si- Aries. Vetter

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— iddriortilor -

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በ36. Moara. qus joüs- tO] pimitharr . tif: 2 om ilt

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MAI ን ር ር -Anaan OW hen ይህህየኤ SANG

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rod. Peradomiya. ant Hotiaratgudd, - : Soe ite the
WAS ክመ are. free owhert the früifs iab, more
than a west after the’ Howering. =
Willis X LDivtignarg. 5 ef :#፡፡ ያመ. Pup
ud MES. quotes, Watson's staremert qae
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Fate ik: diio “development vate “thee frt =
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ነ6:9, scoop. 119. |

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P AQ ስ —— were OTT > By the C uin — the opare The: rwa Inbes: ot thes Faye X
en Dd ሀ: ia an Aneho mio inmatar (ahout ፳ከ]8 up and füally disappear በጻ the [ብክ -

timen. (ከ lets Uh ena duin ecumpleteiy = ‘xpantls, their position: being. “indicated by ^
BAM, TUS dew : — Tare s Mor Qu d RC HE firing

me Pun: misuse [M

it.
tie

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Pa Houlger akidi ** Has it ርጭክኛ 868:
ansitiied hy በኳ.. snedesqetis sie velopmontat -
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it 15 tater ss TL ‘a à

2

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thio: Renee ከ69. e dit

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anil Berthedtotür expla ins hih NUR YS
khe exterior: seni: i 1፡6. opening is Toe A ር DS OE AN M
Maa 41 : diimetur: of the: . በ1 ሺ asih- ን CESS TAO ጋ ቃቃ
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em አሪ “in Tithe d መ ae ርር oe A.
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ው "Frontda ' Early White, በ. ie gravari Lo dad di. "colat usen er.
* Tight. yellow: dea, "provida: ; fevers “at nici , |
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qi | ከው fa os — eskani dus ets ፥ pre
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really. guod. o ro b —
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ere dds: oe oe EG emis : — i —
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noy 1 : ገ፡፡ቴ D ከ85. anl SA ዘወ

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mine? CN — B4 AE Aides pak ies te: pe Ha: ——
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| : catta aAa c N (08179, ergahed. (Stpesbirey 24 penk EN ።
87:4. CER otn tint; Wauterwiteh, whites - Gulden : Bivebrand, > :: 31028 apr baci and Penes ——
ie MUR. dn ‘Midnight Sun; Bety-rod, Hra 61 gw OF RHE somhat.. but they 280949. bis "ail ና የመ
ve Peat: heed: AUR Foro" airing ef: Wos. — vato ' thir) A deb. tubas Porat: Or A E :88 TRY...
Mt Mec ና በህዝብ. na E wi e የይ ይም CHE Ey በ zo SUM mere difti V Bon: Ao porbat da"

M

Saget THE GA RDENERS -

ip n weight, — construction and performance
ds nearer per-
fection than. any. motor mower vet evolved. "The.
‘water-cooled engine prevents. overheating when in-
continuous use and, being seated low, balance is-
tac direct drive to the:
cutters conserves power, econopaises fuel, andre-

3s: 22" water-cooled "Governor *

preserved: at any aügle.-

volvea the five adjustable heavy ‘steel blades at
3 T speed, ensuring ; 4. closer and more even. 59.

The land-rotler beijig built ip three. acevo, ከ the: —

* the ative, a diner ential action -is. provided
negutisting - VUES
spinge plüner, - heh: Taniitites cutting banks, etc

the turf...

ከ simple and ibixpen&ve — “ike ን Fooled. 4

“Governor” 38 your must Logical choice. from. Pod standpoint.
"uos Y Works while. you. ‘wath,’ Sd ነት ጋ

s ti due ‘Bye Illustrated. 8/# NOW. "n ዘ É will.
send, you The Governor’ Jer. st seven: Hays. Fred Trial.

209 ele

JOHN ‘SHAW. ደ KONS- WOLVERHAMPTON LTD.
Wt የክነክክ STREET ን ን IRITA Reis blished’ $795

-> ——— — = t —
È k ን ከ ፈ v. €f Ç, 2 "+ .

-=

; “MOTOR —— —
Ve gs P WATERCOOLED _

Wa $^ tox LEY ‘ES |
^s ——— ERE wl E 2 2 vts

Alb thres. cán he. locked ‘be releasing 7: i
Lr Whilst. the —
- ሮጃ፻ኛ)፳5፡ Berrade rine skidding &ide slipping. Bho 158፻6፪ o

$ ANTONIO DAVANZO, 6፡7
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| es NET. :

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| ርክበ Leeks: end Lettuce: oe x:

3 FOR ANY SPECIAL

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,R. Dalheusine var. Victoricuum, tender, iim. '::. 55-
arrest IRR R. Minsnottat XXX, Jentik in, ‘tendet,

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& L5 21224 R. rácimeaum, sott. s [2.44 bi አቴ M
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"'-. oreotrepiies, 15-- d do s. — Hpi J— a

-R |9185696፤, yellow; 54-30 Tix, 1 v

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ard iias Sphaerintium (4 M. hh eee oF: mijit
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Accordit to, Fitrat! — Sois. ደሕሪ viS evo:
were ee Sas AR Re Smee

HILLIER P “SONS,
Tree. Sicut. WINCHESTER, !

TOM

viii. - ያሥራ

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Ar 3 5 N Spe

experts. They. are.

561: an polona Korsice
vx iUe Jor Green.” Fiy,
d inst 5

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M

ite et Syringes;

ree 2s pettect- JEAN Wish may

i (Gt Cara, AS desitpd ii Specialy: Téeisimendet-
Rose Socieby-- — Heime ን:
Ae 4 0X Ug. NEC 3 x 25),

end, መ die. — ee

Abol "White-Fh 4
ORO WT VES femedy. “Fest
s Economical anü.sasy te apply: Simply pour |
«of the hoase at 23 fid xs. ta. 5 pod cubic ን
Bale HM Postage SX 0007

ve Abol Special. Manures

Far Roses.

die a

‘ginponad.

/-Atio]l Weed Killer. (Potos)
Án exiremelv
entireit- vradicates. ayeeds- Hohe

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drives, ete 18:3]

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Ps ፡ አጋ.
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HORSE, PONY

AND:

| MOTOR, -

PROMPT. DEL —

— oF Nn.” 61. deu
E SMS. 4 JEFFERIES, uc
“Orwell. Works, IPSWICH.

^ gati: Aa #.. a. ሻህ” one —

—— ah Me —
58 * * T — * > ዱ

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»

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Aids to a
Perfect Garden

ASTIE - — at.
AVA ent ‘equal ae a remedy: for 689592. Bu

de — A |a
56.9

— ie fy: der

$ iver Pegs, eer ን Tawas — <=
and Hop Manure; “also Abol Horticattaral. Miround Feriis — ps = ae

Tehable- aud- demontat - ን ና
paths and walks, tarrjage
1989. and powder forma, both equally effective ©
‘Powder = Te ሪ ee

መው ee መይ 9. "e i fect iden Hec 7

DONKEY MOWERS. : |

GARDENERS

ahii are’ "used. and. recommended: 55: sys
; always’ reliable. aconomical —
and me s and are now ሽው. as, salad: ‘horticultural

— ‘Alen A —
Be — ONE

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a ded aded: deni ioci Ta ከመረ. ም ሚሚ)

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its * 59 ai: i: tots folder
——— ‘Guide fo
! ORAT den-

“Pests,

own centre: path. des

2 agen > ;

NE ኑን lorita; Chemists,
my ን ር

Mater) 7

Ro እ ወ መርን
Sand: Manufacturers
Abot ‘Limited,
pes Belting, 00.
4: Padidéck: Wood,

; — ^ dent. 1 Tot (en Sie}

E.

M:DOUGALLS |

PERFECT SAFETY.

4 Bo EEDKILLER | ”

os SON: TA RSENICAL) |
ቁ, Weadkiller dk Felga).

(ey N

t mendeg da: these wed Dix.

desire’ Pu ት አ - which ^

tan. ከድ used “without - the
slightest. dancer of parca mats
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ore 7 xa femi à ወ | = pi

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ይ ih RARA Bee ቫ| CO 3 vatis,
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PEA Tries i

ወሃ የሄ ለፍ Sos

CHRONICLE.

Wiw 88: descrip: - d EN
— |

Wists. ‘Ey ane: ass and” Boara — and pe ae

‘Sola: by N pire | as í j
“Seedsmen, | -

and |

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— | 4 E ኦፍ ——

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phic ፦ ዲኣ
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: $ £s “አበቱ ሚናሄ፡
3 "à utto j i Acme
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E d ROBERTSON, ub, :

ai:
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| Oe ae ; MIN, Lage. House, Cannon Sreet,

May 23, 19,

(NOTES. FROM MAID-
STONE.

GR. — d XD. F % JOR *
d OLD: GREK: ያያ HOSES. Rats
31) = 4e lici Fd de: ‘recite
d | mended: for. B እ ከ8 “ANE, fe
Lor 0 Grape Black Honea
EI ,የይጠዙ atout. the Pes ዘ:
t Y8und -grate Tor a. cold. kouse የሻ
Dod sis: ሥመ “and: AR. 61! Moo $:
Ne cullivate - በ41. ‘he 4
EO odotet nre pE AM. e
E BIN one: — Poster's: Seed-
Bu Bng ዐወ the ይሆ, 0 ets well,
BRI crop feel, the: aes. d. ሀ.
EIS end the We Javor most refreihing. |
Planting Gites: Me. TS.
| — e tatia aeh —
F Figs Wee) are: most. ወር. fe
restful prutts Jor cold. houses ; ud
|o perhaps the most ይጩዘጋ w
Bron "Turkey, but there qre 4
. ether. tarh. egter easy dl u^
- rnm. eng chute varieties;
CCW - Whare Ischia a perti -
4 i - good. Small asi; Si each e
gt በጀው) ait aad ae ል: vp
TEUER C VROT SHEE AND FLOWER
31 n «ጽድያ Saepke dli temti veadera- . S
ካት “that nar sasits shee senariy ጣይ famous ov m -.
'፥፣|. our ያላ, ane. ge a — Cala- Baste i.
RSE ውቃው - —
ሰ. BUNYARD. k Ds Lene :
0 he; Fue Nurseries, on
| “MAIDSTONE.

uem AW Teran — —
LU AEN Rd

i
ያ

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4 th at!

t

BY APPOINTMBNT

ገ

ን በና

— — —

LAWN MOWERS ©

ገያ “the. እጠ Hebe she de cu

MOTOR. MOWERS |

unit

cian And AM

ee

due

ዕፎ MOWERS 1 AND ROLLERS |

J—

pre » Wizard’ n Motor a Mower
RIR

Other a ‘sizes of Motor. Masi 0E
D im - 24-16. 30 16. 36 im. and an di E
-Patajnguetr- mad hl ሠበት M —— A
CUSED ፈጽ THE BOYAL GARDENA

— Exhitition of MOTOR: MOWERS i
OM. Royal: Herticultivead Shaw, ከዛላ: *

x — E A " i — በመ. t *
— — GEE ERWE IA
= ቫ < = —
+

“A. SHANKS & SON. LTD.

(Mens tron Works, Arbroath, 590169.

Londo ECs: i
au a

d ii ilum m — i SUUS

Mil. ; IMs gardens. 3

La"
—

—

May 2»

— — —
"i

the. points. BE: young shoots . and: aat away’
the piti- ህህ the. ፻፻ነ)8ፒከ፡ collapses und, des

by removing | thi afeto dbootA befure: the |
< dàrvae püpnta. Wheto atiueks | ከ82 አረ:
| ይህጩከ[ርቬ5 6ይ. ample. 896711 b preven tien: seta)
dime. palpiti

Spray 8 ፳9፡)8.

lnughuy certainty t biat, tess: tindig
(dod — — or ioy opes:

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p. be e m. ቅ “ኒ E

hy than.
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A —— — e. c= - zh ” i
ae ==> —

E THE du "A pnt: — — uiv o
& gobd depky; 6 whieh berga
wara made by Chionedasa Luedime vanti 18:
Cearetes cand by RU "graceful. - — -
, Cotspiendus on. tüs Peck-pars geri Disphrat
Guegnymáaa, Primula: The’ Af yel, ope valable...

| ኮቤ]በኛ- flowering: Primuias aril (111196. 1 5

forum. Saxnraga saneta. "aee: dd ittie

o isplay: ልበ .in Ranunculus: Tis insiot, : at a

jwanety. f. thie: Lesser 2elandine, je. deve de
er Ae worthy ot: yaltivra tion NIAE

16 many. eris wt Mie paden, "Rhodo:
አብአ posta 9 ate: were te) be mee 1:
ER — Qus display ’ aMfarded by dues
arge.
, eady- towering Specs | notice. Tü8y dec Aken.
COE Re Hitrieatunp .& chart growing: ዘው
. flawered. ‘Species. whith a& ልበ equitum. ሄር |
“Wien theta ward. KR.coonapes
masum (a Very. charming ApAviasy, Wi ealintum. |
and Jo Mettornichü. Dne -4፤ the heat. ‘lt
de 80፳6ር. estan. mias Ry "Tulgeng, - This
“Speties 18; ንፍር 18. “elie garden Wy. €
| ህብት lange specimen, und. 5085 andeed ^w fine.
Sight when its russe Pr ‘plooi, md flowers |
Were. ett thbir best.
3 Among: other: shrubby "jore ህኩ በ95:
moie, in passing. smarnthua - Delavagi, : Be
beris. ‘buxifolia, nana And E tapis. trilebs.
last "ewering 668 ል. sonrt wall:

‘Under glass à greater display VE; hase ye

— be seen, especial] y tha. intrei
House, where- tie. etagmg 18. gay with |
Sehizanthüux - and የአ፻1)ሠ1[ሠዶ- ot Pamala 5488፡፡8)81።...
In :091ህ6ጡፌ, wee. otter “plantar የ which |
Eres Cavenidjalii is ‘singled wa: for. speciat
, Mention ' n &coóunt.ut the Jecorguve ' 6189
nS ae ellas. Rowery Neither. should: he:
oebhama > of Proetanitierk : nivea. ርም ' overlooked.
for mot only -ap its. white: Anwer tinged '
with purple: aes eoriapionous, dentia, bote they :.

m.

are. 8156: miveetly scented: 8 distinction; — A

ever, tuok 3t. shares wath othe üterasting '
Rutacsous plant, Boronia elation, whi quis
Carmi., ‘flower’: mro. anih in: evidence: > NG
18.- the ‘corridors: groups "of (3ክህክ in: de |
ርው Sule: 8- dngbt display. und several:
pisei Qu the wathi cnntribited their
36. the oral. disp: .
"itemise sisierecephalium, B sx trermel s y tarile
| ይርዐር | And Aecantove: e species. Eos: round. |
aee pof white. eua)" overs produced’

i 2d freely wer He. plant, ered Compared | by —

many ጽ181፻ርኳ to lango snow balla. his species `
Je a) native of Chimi but. nek. ም
አደ "hec enhatand | our ' severest winters: .
M by. Ah. deug. ‘gravedully: arching. sioma-
Cab Pegtapterygitunt serpens are covered with:
the. eni e t fmi finwets wiosk Dona his
ተ ፣ 865 wey) cand o tes Rdinkurgh .
"rp of KAN., di de
ቻን hen in flower, 45:
dome. relative. 1o tbis plant form ከክ(፤፣ከፀ፻
1 በና — for both., flow er and, folii
ዳደ Lnd Jere) omementek -
pus of. tbe heds & hushi of ——
E quodücbs ins. dawers in profusion,”
and. 148 5. mie whe: whioh. Fontes in
Newer. dor -a aonerdsrabla pernod.” , Kennedya :
nigricans 16- a Lotaninons : plant” with Aowera
'-. kere c mheds sf tài as t ከር almost -
oit — qure: ld the, Gentry’ House. Woh-

ONIS By sii Turis

— dye T ed uf. Aiden enar |

ROW 189 avidon”.
itis T inposible.. te destra the. larvae except.

a, obla CUN right, sunny. daye hit 8 (575. iss atone RAMONIOIBES (Fig. 182). # n
pleasing . 'ealour . achive duc CU ጊክ" happy ui | perennial native 91. Japan. አዉ ፡ A ee rco

| ይክአበር!ዜ!10)ሸ, ot ‘dames Asim brynu tinina, Wikis ©
(Lada c the uelis: aOR a 'ኒከ16 für e£ gad e
n WE 182 Mave
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ንሲ ይይ መ shan. anad deposit: ker BRER tdaawiiote.

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D | iy oio Aware; aU ል ሚላ"

um IM de
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501 17ኪ/111:3፲:8፤ Y

ህር plank set. OM p white Bow

Ebay deest tdnirer. WES C iirüébiee : —

uh ved: Bowers Ho not suganat at. first aight
“the. erder- Leguminasse, to owhieh this plant.

— Tf ን spera LOR WA NIE (eS SEA d a OO

HÀ RDENERX OH RONI d "E. ።

tains, à ARDT NES m ያ — dos
the. euridus Howere: af. መር ሻይን በወና ቦላ emo |

"UA soraer: of. ihe: | Git Hubs isnt (ከህ. Du CONASDRÓN. | 8ለ:4080:0036፡

able rock-plint.. pe. Jhon: who: .etideavout-. "ms

31. Sey & "ሆክ. ሀ8፡፡5 AL 890101, caf |#ዘ19781፡ x *cprókemtativn iaotleebign: 6፤: ‘rook ©

vapange-Hameresd aperies, በ. ጸ ' dine eH c puma oH s AERE. “particular: "interest, | dn: Ws
Hawtered: perser. J ‘deltoides hiet pooo Ionga t ‘ate! Order. wine; cde noto. s
.. 0068. 155... rats," (gne fiowers very Tmely, a lasgaly. "eti taped : n^ oiek: gardons Bainnly ነ
Ewa intersoting . * máy ከ8. * in this Gaahintpinenée. Thougly Oreseribed as. hardy. in,
eese | CEN. SON. UE Tar, ' imber. | ክገ. ie #:6፡8፡:186‹1. dno the: velloeation: /6፻.::.
cnni: AC Bortiana.. with” pP P. cgmeem 2o dg S posuem qure 2 Abie jt enjoy a 166ኮ4.
“aves: «ics white Paging Met 8 fine Teen. situation. ጻ፡፻ሶ፡0፪15:. ‘dimpyroves - nt. ain .

vx failing ብከት ppon- HE ‘SEOWNE: aid, les f
——— sander’ (gion በ1 inketz je Ramond. pier: chekt resnie «ከር.

rint nitions: de dhe. qe herah - dupla deg planted 18, በብ. almost” vertical - position: arbos $

'55:- :ቁ.ፅህ፡ዜ1ዜክ16.. eeni rhe. v8 ያያ Jana hws fat uguinar he faras: ES dus አ

raphe. A mixhut- ni. peat arith, 16628. aud ow

J aud. “eHO pak sers So R Nth shnüd added Yo kany ibe? goto c SS

Hocbnndum. GE de እ giving, 8፡1 7 pamm. seul ከ6. fod suitable: 589. Ae spats

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REEDS: whic dr den

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nus i far from wer. Among ጳከ6%«.. x *

i j| 76. 106›-0ክ ጆኤ ን; 4805080796. ኣቁ

j y MS
Sp ity — — 44 ላለ DE m: ae 7
a MN

Bao. grow- m the: — ዜ wiere.
"pacti: leaf being about three mehes fang, but

oe Muros: d gasta Ad p — —
Call for: attention. des Aniiwataphylos ”

መ. Stáufordiana,. ፳ native. 4፤ Celitóriia: An general “as they» hure 4t habit. of ailing ዝ undec they

‘appesTante: ከ...“ [ሕፀ _Atotortapvloe: ‘Manzanita; - oft veni Took auch: 3hefwer. Phe: Brewers, aO

but '')ኾ! 38: smaller dh. deat: ppd: flower, s! then cot De Üla colour with arker uma

latter: being. pink, 1586, nevertheless. * very - 09፡8. pients s — de 16:16:47 di the Fork.
| Dingess ‘away Grevillea. “garden. iwarde the end of “April, ‘ihoasi it”

: dts. yea: flower oie advisable do withhold - the plating- mial

465 gw TNT very pleasing thers dios dag: settled: 999 ‘OF 2898: weather

— ዳር. ሙጨ 5

: e Tphhe 29666. Lg Bieda may die- 86871. du etmery dit March.
Math. Small. rather thick, Hark: Bees devis i pana: veuaptsm ing. SEE GENES ፍነ. light: 201.
BM purptis Uus dee io NEUE and tlie pans shouid- be. pedi. i jos wann. :

Ebewbere onc the hansis” Epueris — ‘geet pit andl germination bas- akon ‘place ©

“elegans: Bad ፡ Tapn inerentas utu - Whee thi seedlings are large. "eüolgh - aime

| ጠረጨዳ and: decorative: mubjects, - ARS እ ና par gr on anei mie — hs
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302

EDITORIAL NOTIOES.

ADVERTISEMENTS should be sent to the
PUBLISHER, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
. Garden, W.C. 2.

Letters for Publication as well as specimens of plants
for naming, should be addressed to the EDITORS,
5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, London.

ommunications should be WRITTEN ON ONE SIDE
ONLY OF THE PAPER, sent as early in the week as
nossible, and duly signed by the writer. If desired, the
signature will nol be printed, but kept as a guarantee of
good faith.

Illustrations.— The Editors till be glad to receive and to
select photographs or drawings suitable for reproduction,
of gardens, or of remarkable flowers, trees, etc., but they
cannot be responsible for loss or injury.

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be careful to mark the paragraphs they wish the Editors
to see.

Urgent Communications.—// sent by telegraph, these
TE ould be addressed '' Gard. Chron.," , Rand; Of, by
telephone, to Gerrard, 1543.

Editors and Publisher.—Our correspondents would
obviate delay in obtaining answers to their communi-
cations, and save us much time and trouble, if they would
kindly observe the notice printed weekly to the effect that
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should be directed to the EDITORS. The two departments,
Publishing and Editorial, are distinct, and much un-

_ necessary delay and confusion arise when letters are
misdirected. l
Special Notice to Correspondents.—The Editors do

: not undertake to pay for any contributions or illustrations,
or to return unused communications or illustrations,
unless by special arrangement. The Editors do not hold
` themselves responsible for any opinions expressed by
' their correspondents.

EL JARDINCITO JAPONES.

Garden’’—is misleading, for it offends

against every canon of Japanese art, an
art based upon the strictest economy of effect.
Only two stone lanterns of orthodox design,
and a diminutive gutter, holding ten inches of
water, serpentining its way along the garden’s
length, suggests a bowing acquaintance with
things Japanese. Set down in the midst of
my ten-acre garden in southern Spain, designed
by Garnier, architect of the Paris Opera House,
the Jardincito Japones has the independent
existence of a garden within a garden.

lt is an oval, twenty yards long and ten
yards across at its broadest point, the whole
surrounded by & Bamboo fence, and for four
months. of the year this little garden —
an illusion of conditions very different from
those. which, in Andalucia, make garden
design primarily dependent upon a monotonous
broaking up of ground into geometrical sections
adapted to irrigation..

Here, where every year “there falls not
any rain" between the middle of May and
the middle of September, and the drought
has been known to last over six months,
although four months without rain is an
average period; where, during the summer,
a raging hot wind from Africa, continuing
sometimes for weeks on end, reduces a
promising vintage by fifty per cent., and
sears and blisters even seasoned trees and
shrubs; where the temperature in July and
August not infrequently rises to 105° in the
shade (in Seville during the summer of 1923
the thermometer one day registered 120° in
the shade !), and Salvias and Heliotropes prosper
only in semi-shade; it is difficult, on this
last day of March, even by a violent effort
of memory, to picture the Jardincito Japones
as it will appear at the end of September,
when it is arid, dusty, and bare, with only
a patch of rosy Amaryllis, two groups of
white Pancratiums, and a few tropical-looking
Haemanthus to keep hope alive.

Winter has its terrors, too, for, unlike
Malaga, where frost is unknown, there are
nights in December, January, and February

T's name—meaning * The Little Japanese

when such plants as Daturas, Hibiscus, and
Euphorbia pulcherrima are badly maimed,

especially in positions where they are exposed
to the early rays of the sun. In spite of
the fact that we are but ten miles from
the coast, less than a hundred feet above
sca level, and near the southernmost point

THE

— — ——— — — —

GARDENERS’

of Europe, a bad frost has been known as
late as the night of the 30th April, accom-
panied by an icy wind from the Sierra, which
wrought indescribable havoc.

In the South of Spain, with its violent
extremes of heat and cold (as early in the
year a8 March an unheated greenhouse will
vary 40° between day and night tem-
perature), the patio garden, surrounded by
high walls affording shelter from sun and
wind and frost—a gracious legacy of the
Moorish occupation—furnishes the ideal con-
ditions for growing delicate trees and shrubs.

To return to the Jardincito. On the
right of the entrance in the semi-shade of
an Orange tree, covered with golden fruit
and bursting flower-buds, grow & number of
scented-leaved Cape Pelargoniums, the names
of which, in view of the confusion still
existing in the nomenclature of this family,
it would be useless to attempt to give. In
the same bed are growing two small plants
of Escallonia montevidensis and Ceratostigma
Willmottianum, brought out from England last
October to brave a climate vastly different
from the famous Cotswold garden in which
they started life. At present both plants,
especially the Escallonia, are looking promising
enough, but will they survive the summer ?
It is difficult to feel optimistic, remem-
bering the fate of three Chinese deciduous
Barberries, brought out from England in the
autumn of 1923. Planted in semi-shade and
making vigorous growth the following May,
by the end of October they had perished,
although kept well supplied with moisture
during the summer months.

Opposite the Orange tree, and of about
the same height, is a wild Rose, having
at the moment an advance guard of some

but which will,
converted into a cascade
of pink enchantment. At its foot large
clumps of Iris unguicularis flowered con-
tinuously from the middle of November
until the middle of March. In tbe same
bed a brilliant group of Anemone fulgens is
growing happily beside a patch of Nemesia
Blue Gem. Near-by a Callistemon will
shortly display its brush-like inflorescences,
but it is not really happy in our heavy
soil and makes but slow growth. In the
front of this bed Iris stolonifera and its
variety Leichtlinii are thoroughly established

half-dozen blossoms, in a

month’s time, be

and flower freely, especially the latter, at
the end of April.
Along one side of the ditch, which we

dignify by the name of stream, for about
three yards runs a mound upon which
among irregularly scattered dwarf boulders,
a small Oak trce flourishes. A group of
Tulipa saxatilis, happy as in its native
Crete; a glossy-foliaged Veronica with Mon-
signor Violet flowers; a Teucrium fruticans
in blossom; a happy patch of Sedum
Stahlii; a white-starred Helianthemum mexi-
canum, growing beside and threatening to
swamp its fellow-countryman, Sedum Palmeri;
a brilliant flame-coloured colony of Homeria
collina, two varieties of Rhodostachys, which,

so far, have refused to flower; and a
thriving community of our local Ophrys
lutea, are the principal inhabitants of the
mound. Here also were planted this spring

five varieties of Lewisia, their roots lying
beneath large flat stones in an attempt 10
reproduee as nearly as possible the condi.

tions under which the best specimens are
found growing in their native California.
Although planted only six weeks ago,

Lewisia oppositifoliu is already in flower and
Lewisia Cotyledon is making vigorous growth.

Beyond the mound a bed of coloured
Freesias, chiefly raised from seed, shows the
widest range of liac, pink, cream, bronze
and yellow shades. Since the introduction
of a few bulbs of coloured hybrids a few
years ago, their influence is apparent all
over a garden in which = seedling Freesias
appear wherever wind በኮ birds happen to
deposit seeds. Both Freesias. and Sparaxis
prosper here like weeds, but the more

CHRONICLE.

May 23. 1925.

fastidious Ixia requires a lot of coaxing and
appears to resent the lime in or the heavy
consistency of the soil, for which the annual
baking, so like the climate of its native
South Africa, does not appear to compensate.

Near the Freesia bed two little shrubs,
Malvastrum capensis and Eranthemum pul-
chellum, are showing flower buds. They are
the offspring of two shrubs brought from
Algiers in the spring of 1922. The former
appears to be particularly happy and is
already finding its way into many neighbours'
gardens. Cuttings, taken off with a heel,
root readily at any time of the year in a
sandy compost and grow apace. Eranthemum
pulchellum is quite easy to propagate,
and its Gentian-blue flowers are lovely; but
here it seems inclined to be a shy bloomer
and apt to suffer on frosty nights.

"A bed of varieties of Iris germanica is
always interesting and instructive, and affords
an opportunity of observing the influence of
another climate on English-raised garden
varieties. Lohengrin and lsoline. for example,
which in England have a reputation of not
flowering freely, never fail to give a dazzling
display early in May. Whereas, Mr. Allan
Grey sulked for three years before giving a
flower, but then, it must be admitted, made
glorious atonement. AN

A small bed devoted to Iris alata, l
reticulata, and I. Susiana is now glorious
with the last species before finishing its work
for the year. I. alata, which is widely dis.
tributed in the south of Spain, begins flowering
here at the beginning of November, whereas
I. reticulata is always unaccountably late, and
has never yet produced a flower before the
second week of February. Many of the Iris
family prosper here, and a large group of I.
tingitana, as happy as in its native habitat
across the Straits, is in March always one
of the glories of tho Jardincito Japones, this
year in lucky combination with a self-sown
patch of pale lemon-coloured ‘Tropacolums.

In a neighbouring bed two groups of hybrid
Hemerocallis are an interesting example of
the different behaviour of two varieties under
exactly identical conditions. Coming from the
same nursery and planted on the same duy
at the end of October, within two feet of
each other, one variety, Sir Michael Foster.
has been flowering for the past three months,
whereas, the other, Estonere, although what
there is to be seen appears perfeetly healthy,
has made growth only about three inches
high and produced two abortive flowers,
coming out of the ground without stems like
pallid Crocuses,

Down one side of the Jardincito and
running rather more than half its length. a
large bed is backed by pink Monthly Roses,
almost the same tone as the flowering Judas

Trees beyond, and Ornithogalum arabicum
preparing to throw up its tall spikes of
white, Apple-scented flowers. In front large

groups of crimson Turban Ranunculus alter-
nate with groups of Lilium candidum, relied
upon to give scent and beauty in the
middle of May, when the glory of the little
garden is rapidly waning. In front an
edging of Hyacinths, each bulb giving two,
three and even four spikes, reveals the dis-
concerting habit of imported bulbs to grow
into giants in their first season. Darwin
Tulips, Caen Anemones, Arum Lilies, Iris
albicans, Muscari Heavenly Blue -more telling
in colour, but less fragrant than its duskier
indigenous relative with its perfume of ripe
Greengages—Antholyza. seven feet high, and

a lovely yellow form of dris | Chamaciris,
growing among St. Brigid Anemones of
clear blue and lilae tones. fill the little
garden with seent and colour. A small
Ochna multiflora, brought from the sheltered
conditions of an English greenhouse three
years ago, lookas like taking heart after an
exceptionally mild winter, and an imported
Melianthus major with its exquisitely cut
foliage. is putting forth its first flower m
honour of Spring in Andalucia. Christopher

Sandeman, Jerez-de-la-Frontera, Spain.

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GREENHOUSE DECORATION. |

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በበበ: a
l Browne
Neverthudess, — abre.
great. 881 brilliant: feature: of
: The. Show ase Conny. to. be
num $ me. dope cena mo —

፡ ; planie
-wepetables, while ^to ^ many, .

May. uy aie

— —
— —

as “One : benih. By 61: the: larger

Y was ርብ with. ጊር: ለበሰ shmbs-— ነ
“Rhododendrons: and “Azaloas—olpine
TUS! uuo

Diae. Red dur Pone piis

á* *
d 22 Arg
Bret ፦ቃ fi. v
G "i NE Ags as,
* how Y Tuck
F ት j ውጭ ል.
ላ Sere
ን f 4^ a
^. —— *
uve.
D. ?
ፈ ቅ e
ኔ ኛፍ *

ቢም ጋ uM.

S NE aad. Nirai Beds.
“Oriar. qest- atírüeMons were 189 5 Eum * s
(Roses. eens aris; gitohe dant! ፡! —*
awi. Saper exhibite ef 465118 ex
he 2 — |
* nM Avere ‘at የደር! interest. md pilis *

Bee |

MAY. 33. 1825. ae

————— — — — END ay tt

— gents | g —
— sundries.

4:. ሥፍ!"

abes Has qeeceadi i Vg — Mur
2 - weather ‹ “ጨው. try. orem jh በከሪ
oa QT par ber foris: d heavy. Adin, occurred. >

C*hrenghost - nas. ‘ef the Cmierropoliten “aren ;
“that mgit This Nad the effect of Ireshening —
ap. the: entra pxhtat&; Mise" the dass and.
p oet Mie cbr mosphere, Sansetientlg, wiieh .
heir, Ma jastios: Wine. d»eorgc^. and. :
Mary visited - uie show: Geely on the: opening ©
day “ብአ amid Nie. HOMES
፡| utenioHphent * phauifore:. “THOR were oxeovied..:
87. dleat, “Dambonre, | anie Presidenti : wis

Pxeryone de pleased: ቪ een ከ66. WR.

dra rem: 14671; estt duction iet; Me Wi:
du — Secretary, 81281. severed’ | [በይህ ^.
RS the ——— ነ PNE

zn Vocem i.

AR uen es — Ke RD f 4 us S cures REA ^ sue
"dign ice Saale: Ww ሥ የቦ. den ay v. dudes al Am Ng — ads — —
yee 3188 ኃይልነ; — iy ~ ና ew Mies one Tu. UNE F Re he, — s 5 ሕ."

PE MN "hnc 116 01ፀክ(‹! A — AIC PENET

Wiisther ' ADS rot

ነፃነ
p

A cw. per ROM ERE TE FORE NA

4 4 AY s P, a ሐ ..ጳ 1 ችዋ Wes T^ —
s Pina dy: pasan: x hits, Bh m —
hen, Mr Gurnee: ባሃር C None. BS -
ር ከ. እ S በ866. ps 4:. LucóA; © tel | ci
M BUM Póry MooR ater à
የና የነ “Sander, 5 dE. 34456. Stuart, E A
See Me Ait e Ss Armstrong, adie, NA

92 uc Dye R 'Broorown. A bite ni d a den. —

pe os ee Moore, C^
4. je à BRA,

: nm *
|

Uhokenn, - GM. A z
duty sns Rowan. 6

sarti iM;

THE

Aquen ae

amler | pleasant.

pte 5 HORA at. p

o 181098 ሂላ

2 Hee E gt d
— Tair “wtih: — E S cos
NE CWhethiké or naro cw dyes

GA RDEN E RS

sanemt eet — wc

E ———

Mie em fon

a መመ - —

Te hd — — —

— Cowan — E

r fine form of the lovely. hybrid between -

RU Britàtmia Albe ard C> BA. — My

ከአ ናክ “Phe Rowers «te et "heri : ጽህ.

- finele proportioned, sent . ሄ1ቨ 81918 -.

The sepals and gene Jer White; the: p hak
a. a akm- white tobe;

the» Front 38 6b: ‘purple’ id

ን : deeper. “green. mes: dap.

Led — ere Sports: anda: red edgme

so. roby: gn ኮሾ veining, ihe dbrowt ipli. b. She a a — hy ን Egon
qeu. ገርል ንየ ለም st d Ld e. Shera / à Urgetes A DAE — ይ PEN ERI EH di.

| i ሀ. QE Yari. ioniy 4 (thha . 'ክነካኸዞ "ርነ -- ከ Pere. qme: —— cates
ie plete: fie ereMmuticn re "ey $; rikim hybrid wi hehe marin P Lo choclate: "di
fois; cee unen flowers. 311 de vim, WS: hese” dast. forming 4 pesti Y. pülteem over: ab i
prsti ‘fringed o Tie praval olia 1 "9/9101... ; DNE af d Hower, ’ aes! why. muti : golds

Meise:
; የሺ

::- ኒቪዛቢ ገርባ: and: aes Senate blusli«
TN e npr T5; OE ፀር | olent: yea

g xig "t ው

VEN » ON

BE IPEA ERU. we | Nha. :

es — Pie iss Princess. Mary: optar - inojatie-
nti forma: With flus petals: abtiost.- —
'4ሎ8'. iterat - (ሻ16)8፻/..- with: e acier
ope KY | adpols - iei used. At
Duel: half: dp. wbile, with የብልህ Mab. and ai
E nore misk: Mise A Masses:

2586. 45 CAPAS Maia ርር

-otloya > 2: Do
"የረ

4 ይህን — EPDE

Grnt. i.
| 0:88: ፡ sui dis j dwond « AERIS nnd - qeial -
“3. ys e ‘purplish raty: lou the ery:
| ከጩፀ wo PUE « 11ዚ8፡- Se benutifully- 860194 - በዘ67836...

፡ avid. p ue eub SIME Maa owe OUR

AShewu- bw

thes =

Wt ES wou TS 3
298የዮኞ. broad, Fringed at. the margins 860. witli

“Heavy Maing ob light purple: at tbe. tips

qvx.
Miser: ር * *

Wige .886፡-.

ce ህዬ: ፲ — A NEC rbi: ini?
(ነ Shapely flowers heaving bar yellowish.”

— greet 68) 161 pet MR: nfid ae dp: Of, Sunil

.ርየ1ዕነ/ቪር -ኦባጄ6]- ^vith- $ hani: iwr. Shown |
Mesas ANDERS San es d '

- Caile #9 savior ከ Hin — VS

“Apana ኣ1--.. NOPY | wht pac dive —
ur. gingen: np ones Ol sepa: du^
“giit. mauve and the dorsal” 8991. has gane
‘ght: purple markings “ate tbe | apex xc pate:

- ጸከክዐ85 py. Mesas. SrsAwT. bow. AST Uo: OAR ጋ

«Urlnntoglossi ሀዘ ` eriepum. War. VPlacilig A:

pian yJorcion- Hower: and. pk largo sizes. he
obepsd,. Whipe. petila have ‘fringed: märgini and ^
npo

othe: 89. ihe AS rid. sail PUE. 1

See ፡ CES TUE GARDENERS’ CHRON ያሂይ mes amd — wey e

— — — —

— — መም — — ———— |

— ITI ——ÓrÓ — eM — —

እ ፈት

witht uli: blush; Shan: i ‘hip, iic Hb Ms Milena Brine. Macs dB. TUAE pos ‹(4/86/
Mp. And: qualeien at ihe. bean: dind J —J— 68: co “white arut, a u Vir
Sear tiee — oe *ፐነ(8:. | ‘Shows | hy BART: | porkaois dn 581. oby wok. cee Keh
PORT uim | 8፡94. ጠጠ. i YER ne

መነ Pa poudion, cand. hians E n
good: things S

oN ኮክ) roun a "Odds: autamiite. diy

on exer MANSELL àwp HATCHER, was “aerate

Tae te Tüdreteous good. PXnriples ab. Tahin:

—— E Dey Cal thera Fassunlor, - Bone. capiiek. Napels

Rey orepresontisd hy 886: “ዘ ሼል oe tije bandeuine 9t the 81. öld Tarba purpuvsta: igl

a hybrid, nd 4ከኮ ‘dainty. M. fabi Rainer pendent . "Apecumens - ok Milton Myentia:- oin
Potisnasn: abahiet ear reprene the: iibri mus thes foregraund | Were AM utonin, - —

Ber ex) hybrids, amd. Cnelagvne (reentose, ipii byot, ‘the clase Cati "Ehe Bride. and
by e ae — ብዜ an ear DON Careya »trmag Masdeval lia: Houttesus. . Codes: Langley ;- W ‘selection: at. Odoniiodas,
485. Haywards Heath firma.” U Dendral sirovjojaemmnn. 580: Phalaciopsis - 5 hytrid - Qilontoelossutus ህበ. ather land
AE CTIA display a ani. extenive ome :ሳከ0 | Binmestadiatin represente thi 18 የሠ Orchid z 180,816: 119815: Species eres répeoschrot ኮት
$ toopea ም all. the plait: being | eet. ከ88: Are 2811 biautat and. weti-wadthy nt

he M — cr Cypripaliunr “ክኔ ህህ. be iiy" Mesdeyallui
SUD 8 cuE - Af that ባዬህ eyed” their’ benutss 4. anos : general '“በ|[ነሃዘ፤ ሀበ. “Gdontenin: Baroness A rip SUM xd 506666. 35 1፡416።(96ጻ5፡ y ዊው
iX 3

TM: ar = adinipable 275118. jak: Ferns. puti . Behradec . was finely shawn, the pie 36785: Lt ue * — MB — tert
ነ: ዜው she UE esp: 515490 CIO» The basen hes quie: - በክር ኮሌ)|ቪ በዘ Howey — bilis A ፡ ees - — P ነ f

———— —
— "Fapillun,, - Ee
voto rage uel. eran: Pa

DoD PAS xg. exhibit 7 “ዘጠ. l ot. ‘hojna - 188: 8045. staking- ገ 1።። itn Ede A A
ሰካ Gf በህ fias. fiae aftan, “af Odoutoz Tagus, (03. Prusessz M piu eel 252010) P ክክ Ns n
A pium iam. E bea es, 6([1.. Us NL ee iuter XE iod 4ከበ: 4 serine risas, e cdd quie N a — ics
poop VR IU. E EP ee ILLUD MEIST XU RAT IRE aoe — Pee den braieluóg; Anert

s ngke dbi Y'vuibédnmr Lowanu diee
senfre and other Koat. “things: — ብ
Hanks pr: thé SN. ee lada: Jenae - sein tL
Dendrobiume~ 1k nobile altro,” Very pron
— thie gloriae. eic ed Javelin Capila

K Ball, Qdoonaidássinm. .. 16:18, 11"

b ad — Era; rE "81፡01. yetz ANN,
ting parent. E oes (ree Sa) as RAe Orclüds; ! Mie Meet trat
Gigantic: ርን ከከ የ...) Dieciü, Within Soe
Hire, deep i ዞኮ: hp: he: "pleotas deren: ሚት gay
Anehes N - በር[088:. Jendecbim. ^ “Brymer coo

EDO cont የባ] ዜር büm. 1. R «ensitfupran A መመል

Ses Apteresting: displas. " | DENT
Miss: SAN DET. arent: “eshte “romaine dcc

quedam egi pos at Milia," Batet HS MPs oc poe

Tore Mijlst rin, Me Mdorilight. and the: hredi, YIGG IA.

Sinia Mo Rose Gaii ዲነ ዘ11 1ከር66፡ sree) en

. [አ][1,618ፁ፤ Fiennes, gaa, and! 4i

ugs !reriehuug : pie RS dis - Quent - Mer,

itti awiodaiti ized: ኳት fete በዘ. pasie. ieas PM
dunt - (:8በከዘክክ፤ህ Pia በክስና. but des rcd. — —

Hroupusr spike Fes QUAE DE
CMT ae CHA WE T | አበ፥ርኣዙ
— ah whick mr plans — 1“. “ara hanes,
Milton wee Wi ፡11- re jieexeuied,. dis -8ኮህ፡ Avere
E C 'ybidiaims arih. Tis 488. iw line: 818 988.
Avg ihe phis: Formin thie foregrenind ኃ%፡
reped | ‘Briesa- € atfieva- ‘Hatton tye mis X.
ኣክ እ! [ከሁ premal hybrid’ Sect 8፡14. “groups, |
Joc. Apolo. OQulzutradn ° Nuylstekene. Epes
"pediam Taldean Sànderac, Cc CutGsu Bayderte ,
the!loxety. did. Tregrunt Cai Heye Äi d) ridere pes.
"Missra - Frosv Gb dirae at “ሸካ: heit
aitona. very dur pathy AK, ‹ክ.ከሃ። anh. TS
bra “show, uito: abiy fiic Were t ^
Qxaniples *48ጅ.”- Ee comes “Caters ex x dads BREN
Ca Ea presse ድርባ ሁኑ Wate, iiti -Ovgerkl
Pulteney), with. jage- ambage pe mb
ክቤ ' sepals pu nel ahe quet gine Y *
—BV0 MV ole Pens BRri C SM — ዲጀ Tren: —
Tg ny Aaa iN y quus የ719) "i — Nr —— dokial tia LYSE: * einer ame f

ንክ RCA ATR PRON Y EAR ቃስ ERU — Hye — “iia
LEURS CR SE REN TT E n 4 oan ME Tr 5ርኣ(:85፡.

| See | Phuckoodianac dn: — TS — decree
— P fine: Mittarcns: erage ste.
— Be Messa: AN WAR OAND: INS.
ከ688) saith) (ነካኩህክቨቧጩ።፣ Sooner “24
ae "Cynmburionms. (ese “forming d Jeraeein] - ከበናኤ-
— OR Hrund ች6ር' tHe yiri 8፡16 616/18. Muy tee: ai
D Atpenádioy | Disniroiiun nt Fc Sdalachtim,

pathos Hine sU ames out hania (ae som; ke. Putin; Va claio uid whith; and- oe: . 88695 ከየቦክቫ Fyld -"doritüplessums,

EXWULBUPETE BY n ከ፻ fog dii. ET 656857; USSC HESE A
VPE ENE Ha PON T A oe gar ne e yt AE 88 EL SHOW.

“spikes ae hene alise ec uad - psi ^ Ovchid: 1፡4. inguve nnd edge -Birgsan: Carepa: ginou plante. RES "ae Most Pata Haregilit
arpu- in [በፍ ps they: ande. ge arent abaphiex Adice Ateneo: Latio 4. abt lys 3178, SETANE 5c OWBHS REX Š m Bragso min UE ፡
: ate he. nr ። ብር STE wie m apos ቺሮኮኣ C: t ante ‘Vil Faseinátar, - F d — AMIE nl Juntos, * Saath 119”: pany — Tf.

Duane, - altam. RBY represented. - othe dweyd cmigenifiéont:. — |
; I. እ በክ], ጓ‹መጨጡ foun ርሣ wba ARO —
Jew- Cittleyns > - ላ: fhe yr Mrs m E viegsdertut ከደጉ — * E ‘HEt BI “phasing. ESLA Artaig I Ra 327
eon WH PANS: “only annon. his SH pii የፐ, =a Pom TE 5 952532 ባጻ 3 eu Sáu aM EN ER Chifras upik Hse i inve - a ማው ፡
xxt Thins ahaw Seta, — ie Ut oomporenisbty s ana Ro — — dnstieti W ዘኪ thee Brisset ——— ንን
የኮ. Pg 1፡4) . wiri $ Frets "Nuseltin. aiiin. Formet. 3d ge dis. RS hybrid yt thie ‘WN. 3 and (3(ከ868፡፳:0ክበ፲88 | this *
- bipes ds bur. quss cem zübeidiue- : -Maratad omm: ub. Henn ክመ ዞህ shel. በዘገየ ከ2: sub jeo Jis
ን ከ — doit; J d Jai: Avra, ፡(“ክዛጭ Ani Cyptipastuma ape bee ከ880 ETARA Zi ን
A E - Dmrkd Atc ubralsred- BER DENIS CHEE. “plants “relief “Ma citha ti ^ Sable risia cs Saul: Jike nitas dep "xg hie SATION Oe 6372
መል ር pie. T Ohi y wE ‘Neat ‘Beaute, Atho Mierimislie - 5፡18 iat. WIE. gew aer: “ብዚ : ።ጩ naim ROE BNP Nir: Jmn. Ims re
ESOS ie MASS AIRE Tande” " spike E parce ^ ን RDS ees — - ቀየ ር. Adae diee hada - E cedar eed S Hower RU. ae otc 818
deep. deat ares Jünwam xar egets: Spi ነጨ uibülborn; ኋኛ[የክ.- eie WES 3i (ግ፡፣የ08ጻ)ሼ- -- '.ከሞብስቨቤኮ ዓነ "dte Tibi a: Ate "Gran
amma hec peronon. "ai^ 1ህ፪9)፡ Altaron sorted 48/6546. Boop s he Suidae - v = nri: 2፡7 ከ hor: - APotidinc s Jpendvahinin
ani vu umen, Seth ce hii Mitten AMO n. SP ati 81088 Hue ad pum. Es anduiefibolum.. : met Argin —
mekinga. on tfe hpi teu Brat MERES “ኣክ apr tong "wing — zi Carlos yaa 8. Sit Sena an OQUEMASS SIRS TEE
IS ciens. At 2. AM OF Jipatie rire Wlan. — "4883 አክ. les -— Collis diarem- Tín Eo Haige d 941.8 rames
Aprii ma sehe ከ88. — de ፪፡፡40፡1.. apes: € ‘ypa Mes B; AC “Sandler: . “ኮፍ with an attivetive uml very. Oe TOPOS: pens
subo y gold here ——— ር y 8በርጠኳ ፻1አክ፡8:.. 7፡09. MET LOER FIYON. Opi Putus "id d —

ey Sawyer =

ligredy |
zi ;Mitinias, : 4316በ148/88,. Cities ses HGH, oe hut. iens — Wises: nans. ፡፡ 218: Bano.

cS UAB SAE =
uU ^ri

49:6. ነ y

May 35. THEO GA RDEN ጸና CHRON ICLE. 3
Same cápa “Doudvoliuine ^ ware. a ei. orige “pikining.. des x Tritenii, EUIS d. ንን process
olin rable fashion COUPE ——— für ila Spinta. Shown. MED Mie Exam ፡፡ CMM ርሃ ህክ. boade Gb” Any, ite Sow duke
lower-growi ing: ESTE ኬኔ መህ Lycastes C ANTHORY A ATERBE ; CE — IM ehem EU WALT: . dk
TU tres Ion: ነ brine Aie P MM —— ህይ ይ ies: ie — Daptin» y oiv ^ Wee A WU 8
‘Was 11669 Re iab: the: plane tart ^ fee —* Coo mE LU wr M PNG
. በርት Lödning dint ; Soyember PE dem ከዌ ከ ስ Nam MARE Mu e. PNA — A Haririk in i
Sonie- Bae ald: PETES i — Shown. dnd R 8 D utr "S ተከ Aplitbt hiis uae ds fq ፡ “ባህ de Me Kilon. Wank? ye OB.
Foye TE thosa EEG The: Want dis viste panier: "Wi «hour. id. t idus) ER — paer idi diss. a Ari peshuped: dénves! 7j 8": ይጀ yu preti e Wai.
the wart, « green — dete páréeuta ን eds qionent 1. ያ neues Eos: fiw halt ያ baler tund: AE and: hae Thy pedine te, ae
Kart thy afaina Cypripdiert fhaberlamianuim, cab: xctl. m Bhan / i "ዘር በ60. * cpheut- E Set. Higie varryias an uinbel ab :
tho oq aint, ከ citnatas AQUI rep: ‘apikes ፣ 5 2 Borst Fou = E as hota — WU Rura: MEN bhe fivers. RARI falfcan-ineh Ys
Ay ደክ. A'errenondit.. : Jrlontugitisnm i — * <ኢ52 * ን iE dnd. avit E due YES Bain: ex. Mri
unt foin ነ አቤ inei di 4 ‘Vanda ፲ tipi 62. unes: v ኤህ f Pris A RI Bia. :

Sidi is, Pelystuehys. gtst.. Cpripeditini. plait ገሽሁኩ Bower: jm ive

PodeIvosmnz Mausilvenltia iactare Hs, | Moz STOER
1246. anl: Curghosgetatia: #፡:6፡891108..
a wipe tities .፡፡ vex hibit, and ee «c de

pete ህብ. እ Ret ከሰ)

ከክ. ousistet: ዘ 18111 Xs dibls y dr bite ide ታ :
dao ir CBE BRASH. Ape ueaebent 09$ rhe -— ote pra ነ
Mi በ38 6:88 eri : E n. z ee gut. Arten y :
dormant.” tiber- ES: Rca js —

rac ak: pte duaeMp UM
Hense frd, Eys . ihe: ng. wb.
tis: - የ "(rb doxes: ይ] “በከር. duni VSS
ie. Haee exhibit, bec tad dos dunes uud mete US 3
poss. Some o( be finest exnimplis- epe af o S
ከ dias. ea 1 AC DABIS ርው

Horta. Uy. Ty fm. Se esp bab eos
thin RD Y fi dc Foi ERE inni: de ——
eadi edd: በ85 protest Tus cared ከሠ. > TÉhers
were altogether. shout. 522 «9ክክፎ ef. Pien os
oO rehus, nud Ax specimen Jf i ናር ነር ጋል
ኣሴ Mie fuer. Wee Je EKAR ወር —— ——
ris. ፳፲ d ae MIS y E" Ai ል
May 4e ሠ. '('ከጩቪኔ. * Ternet, ài We
— SEÜ.- MS bos ell. nian ኩጣዜ.
; — a He íUHEY. ES beares OW. ፡ XL

Dem. De B: i

—— A

ር F
tin — Wee Cath 2
Ce NL C "s — E — —
te eee P. lee. 4 VH Arthur | :
p eduri: ins Aes ፡ aa DLA a 0
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— i መታች | —
Tarr pu Pasay Mr Jagger MM አከይ MN
tee eile: ያ. moo) font: dens & ሠበት: AUS
Sed dest Pop AK thes arcs brapesed - AE:

: w 418:ሠሠ- dppeating: ud
uns deep. The «t bers.
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o plosa "xlpsterg ፡ በ551. qii SUE 2 eris ‘hiss Ae. MC 3-630 SLAG SONS. W (akin - PP
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dec deep: "euenit

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(1917 as. 7

dilera:

— Bhioda ndro Bt. 008948): * ae bins hied.
oie. al clear pink robos

: Mid. Masters. E Kalten Aalen..
s ue forne M s nc "rues anti seni — de = Ap ieee — ያን u A di
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= Vaccine acitli Widely? gx panded © dd
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uf ^

* — et Xie ——— variety: aper.

RID TT. * 5 2 : E | “ል we $5.

y Meat.

; lonely ፡ set. 5 ላ The: “ገዋ prr n

ማመ ይ መን ን us ros pet "E "Raub

| pla co, az: amai- itis: blushoprale flowers”
Beg "re du dla: aci hrs usually egit bleus) 08.
3E "88: በክ: rhe: infforeseences “ake: produt: math, ©
Bünduntly- am qe WR grat hs Sese:
in bit ‘ol. OTe. pano - EOS. grs. pu
likek: A Winiata: Ter eeu EDU OS ONE RE AS

Li AG -

Baie Parner, A NES ek — በክን s nee
"atii. Specie, bearing - iis. tiny FUE
; ሸህመዩየ - ju ense: ivcmea, - which | M abono:
ES ,ክርክ-ልዘ1ብ- lmif. Jone. "ገዜ PAVERS eae
ከ“ prbduged ^ -elang . ከ anding ; granita

Bowe ከሎ Bt. Col, mu የስኳር 1100ርቨነክ6፡.

Rhododendron. cH. wan. Nee, emu: dnd

af sott
limon: pinks clearing, with - ህዛከ nul eontra

Shown. hy Messrs» Be 12: AS. mum] AMD, ‘Sa

CM ur: rs Alary, alvi > icine, pne
ውክ fresco wiring - disbed Pie dowers 8141.
[በዘ piük; eu ida — suot heyed. with.
ብበ. Shown bod Misit: C te sak: FAN NES: VARD

ponnn AU. rash Ami Š

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Ke "አገበ taro Cio t MAG, Ag. OM SOMES
Mee Brig guns). du Mortal; : WAR er onsdemblc re
de bnt fourteen: fect” highs sand:
Shine ay diro በድ spike: iE esp: acuden Harem

“1148: apik ;

They. displayed - ‘pert

—

| w deni,
— aN iesus udi

E = eae
ooo Sormlinsen, -

* Glerodeéndm üt-
US Baour qebuch.
‘pots. and Drown, Pinata, hi: whe nema naf.
fhey-
2 grouped: giv 5510. AG?
; | ሳኩ... Ryen plaved « de ertet. ‘plant of:
| NAME 3 ES ፣01፪ muntte ‘ane aE weiter RENS
j በገ — aS ነ do. ;
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Vp sag’ and Busro vhs “‘Atrongell, By AM. SYDNEY
iat a CE RS

(os Eehitiocabtus. ከህ40914.. እ

6 ፡ ነ à : -
duet የሰመር Os sentis Mamillaris — OPS የ እል takima, ተክፍሎ showed ጹ- splendid

5 0: erar tis “he ቀት
t uphigrbia | y "pce Fderís.:-
comune Bets: nd ‘Mesinibryaint hierar

AT Án. — anatite: pnp n Tüdadiuma
ዳጅ. Eu.

ዲቶዔ — መጭ a

~

he's እርክህ MC ast sot. jevely mie
at Gortera. {pearly four days: out af. —
which : jachided seperat. Noe polane

-irran ከኑ.

ds the: 000.7 terit:
3 - plais.
ery ሕፍ

ብዱ
Re Russet, Jeb.

magnifica. beati:

| ከአፀቧርከ6 ot fawra Anthem. Scherzenanan
~Dathere : —
“Centon:

api, splendens, ፡
t ores Reding ©
1) 653685 ፡ ( Cordylime] - Fere- heron: ‘af. mich, -
cot A ales cased cookin, Amd: Yi terria ህ፳: 188 apes dens. A
Pu ie Fürutilend with lopves and. Hoya carnose. WE. 4

m

: Madame ©
Se are Taipi. e^ Peu eaves s =
Thomsonii,. rary 1268

፻2:1ኒ061(፡((85ጮ.-

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Du fosourite &reemhotse - imber. ‘bearing ite ^
UR TN | agiit Bowers. iem Culudiüms. Trenes: répmsented
ከ5 Bint planta ax Flare: Riesci Emperor,

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*
M

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Lung nd. Rising . 898. .
Cyansphylturo- Jümeni feram. —

16. y

—
"Ead

Rothschild anas
|x,
qe were

Arf Neitenu.
በህፀ[ dorm. ot :
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orc: end 91. the. tend

plants -
dar "ior

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| 171888... Belimocaetua - dépit, :
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Hawort hac "papilos, on
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rt dep Hue and. wine S

= ae compased. | 6. ored-leaved. varieties, ouch. n»
Mikado - John Perd: "Triomphe: de PEsposition; .

1586. imposé. group Ds —— vet de ሠ Mrs. Lo PK Rus.

^ “Messrs.

A Medilo.
- ቦክባበህ፤6ህ5 ^

P ) D 9868880(86 የ ar Tux (OMA. SHOW

"horae ፡

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Bolánsis. -

THe. — VE 2

Spat) the arrangement: (the. grodp -

ም “grows |
The eentral — "RA

Was Mery: delight 81.

| ርርበቨዳ4[((1.. al.

Mite. Lamidi: “Angostirn,
and:

Roses dang. Other -splendbt o yatiga

k wert? Palio Ana JMopecii. a almant. yanas >

Manote abd red venm. “The gorp was. edged. -
und. ፪616:ኬ5 - ሺን ሴቴ AChE 9. occasional
plant. of ow büllint. colour. whieh: ‘gore 24.
MA “needed! nth. aa Arighinese. —

ሊዲ mimber oF Hoveltivy “vere — —
JOHN: Een ለክ". How. que their:
SPB ahat. pio
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7 ኣቕ M — " ^
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tà

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cati) white: nanas a E tolig-groWwing
AFIN "width ^ “produa. dated: "PB. 144955.
with: ገቦዞርከየሸክ1. blotehos of. "rares peer TRION -
>General Hainüdtóri Another | |Vigorons. plea
"ከ85 lone ab: bighi erimni 'calonc | ቪኪ.
despar v élan opis nandi: white. ‘pots
f ‘Killamey: “dang: ; Jonge tapering depen désves
Spat 41፡8. ኣዛ. white: 01. pink. Moonlight. des
“Py ‘bhaeming, . brane parent. variety, splashed and.
‘Risiti. haa o:
(trifpsean: —— palate. splashed Anh sleeper:
cemiixtee -8ህሪቨርብ . አቪኪ፡! ps

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E iei
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, blue Petunia:

ቭ ee ን es

E EA

uf

ios ^ | Berapged. KOH rong
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| Dumoriane, — ——
-Eusteritna, | with lon
— gene እ

æ

[3 ES mee
29654 Rene
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ent JURE.
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é < — ተኣ "1 ^ AU ^ ete 4o. "14e RU ይዴፔ

= T ARON CLE:

gr. Me Hs Cook]; ን — —
at. only Were: tha many - phinté vaniperbhy | !

Secondary ፣፣ ፣ለስቢከባ።፡፡

ዩቪ: ;Pilea: 34 ከ3 end Caladhtrge ergyritas |

ሃው COLONIE:

c Brieby |
* ‘inimene i iri LARS |

Life brüitont: ‘togi pro

S 9 861 vate 6:43

— a gs: eS

“margubes with: 1:6. |
rede an oxepedingly’ ehective. 49:897/ጻ# AME di *

» Srovetord dirüb Awon sero Ns 161] standart = —
“Wither ከር6ህክክ1፣ -=
Roses: displayed by this. exhibitég/ were Mise :--.-:.
Bürterfv,. |
Esha’, Hicks: :0ኬ፳.:፡፻..
Joodorn ” “Roses

spiny nak oak he

በቦ |

Adjuming - new

Bits
n several. noveft [ፎ8:. A Quy s
: named - Girbt,
Ediki. Cavell: 8. aie p ds
| iwé 1 pad |

Max. 25. NA :

—

‘Voous — Piosik deben iii, | ያጠ
vobultore, . | Attalea. epectebihs. |. Obama
"Forbanais Coryphea- ህጋ and
ከ18. arborea 000 0 00 s
Adjoining "heic - "agni otis. downs BT:
— CAND: probe
lowered Mimose, ” be o Rothe rih
(410046 floribunda). ፻:9665)8. አ ደሬ
kystene. Hippeusteznns; Antias with:

Jimensr- epnthes 61. rise niterestynas- piante, -

SS ዊ፡ — — —

qurent, 3 "blood red -- SMOUT I - -Panti | 1)... On. cha 1 floor: Mena SSTrPAnT Low A Qo
1በዛከብ፡9, (dean | የፕክኽ።68 . 11. the E: pots, us] red በመ At 11003. ef^ ዲርክርነ. 120016: ፡
und. Marques ot Camden, greens. wh white. db dered weh X Boroa deteropbylMa, Awhile

Gederoa- Soribunda. and. Brick, persobüta. X.
Ben aW dre very. charmi Little: rap

Cur. -የጨፍፍ 5 ኤክ Plenus. | sees

“Seta hy: Missts..
dueluded “Arab,”

።ቂ ARMAN ue U The: gutes

punk s. 99888, purple; Ree CAE "Hockey, Corno |
senelet ;5 Murs, eeg Searlot c cundo General -
OMA ‘lesley, . : igh. POR dh “Amongst: the: doublés |
“there: ower Masteiu, “applestipest 4n ^ "punk
A ehteverarnt; በ“ pinks Las. aringi iym
mE. Pm. XV ialebtes, deep: ORG. eS ON

CWbato was “probably” 41: finest: ‘exis: Wu
7120238665. ihet hus: ever iwan. Beak woes
2 arranged’ diy Meo Hd ONES Are jrottérise
abs ot piss was vised, and. phere, ulus
“Wwating putencally: adl the: ርጉ c ሎዐ፻//፤(68; Ga
vaty large beads 4:4 “Hawers, of Hey. beautilul
55. nn. camp m3 የህ]. shell: uus
obMeerio n. "esc worthy, 61. iw. dughest.-
Wade 16:95 vspetuaity ፡ wale bia: Ano hak aps
neluded- aM pes. very Best dried |
nés noy. errat . “Ase bio

anise Lorie ns. Mira) ES eus VER, a French.
DOE: cdwort:: LI habi, hearing
cE : 104869. vids ia
Matadors. hehe: argo —
lenye ሄ : didus tnn,

510093: wary raring’! axrshaped. (acd
cut pasy riety 01918... quer yak a የመከ)
Sm inhi see እዛ፻ዝርኒ ረ CPisteur has deep: DE
: 86ዘህረጨ: Uppal With: "bites 19681 pas Nery
| vompat - 44፡5 of glowing Spon: dos
Goltathi: i nne of ክየፀውቱ Hy dein geass, |

"Hpped / A ዘክ cieam :

|788ህዘር« 8፡48. cea

Uf A i í ከ * ኣፈ - የክ : CA a a ተኻ 2n t N Y: ኣነ

“Thy (must, emen: ms — 5 oi Roses Ya
6887! by Mel E. Hicks, abe OF Selon.
odia s E ዳ ‘thes: “end | | ቁይ: abs d DA ihe v
ser reage ቱር.

hack badd

Rem bine.’
ሃይክ ፣

‹ዕ፪፡፡ “bright

"rave ties Ed ifibuted | ae
` binsssros,, eluding | oe:

yc nay. ስ[/1119ኣ1- Fanie, Ééarlet. | Climbers. which |

ኦ። i

wapa pepréscrived. by. 86: arga furüber xf plants. x 5 s e
— The. NUTS! at he extat, wyere finely: '፡- ፡
Mawered cnet s plants (af Molly -. "Shargwn .ሸብ. -

E Hiawatha in the middle;
:..ክ።ያ፪ Nonwodd;; Peregrini 317010...
Gilden. Oplibba; : Mns.
the “Tone bra grat nt: 91.
ደ ስክ — sind: Bet yn

AYprieburd.

atarit Bicohs wand. Unioon

Jis :

— e :

E *onipauien group. ዝይ ፡ pace posed. ox. Metro >

pri Oe, 2: ae e =

— ule
et dE p. ዥሮ —
aeloered - Me: follow né "us beg: quie p

shade D atid ten — Bae

4

Piese —— angal inia. bed. et: 3 ከ6. |

varieties. whith © were: Bl

; edging An thé | picape

Mr. '(48689ሀጄ Passt. EAEN dut adr
hesütilul- Bane. "የክ efuliy የ8886
3 :- አልክቨቨህች au S pras d. is EOE Ton tity wee

“exenptionnllf በዬ while. the Doe. Tayanha o
qi. pretty” eene . -..
ጅነ : ‘Soiva de - :

yueiete ^ 85185. Cavell '
[ouest | Aihe., Buteriy;.
Oliulas Permet, and: Sensation. he
parate cof rk: welvely- “ር በጻ
Mié. best: PE Fhe. Jorgi- Dipha —1 —

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NON- POISONOUS: 352s
READY KOR BEX! No. Wu Toys Spe 3

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"CHRYSANTHEMUMS -

Fine ‘Strong Plants: Ready Nou.

GREENHOUSE FLOWERING ©

12, New Decorative Varieties of 1924, 10j- .
52 Decorative Vareni, 3949. e |

2 Varietien; ditto, 4

12 New Singles, 2n UE — 5

i2 Older Singles,

CHRYSANTHEMUMS | FOR GARDEN |

During the
ከ89. been ዝመ th

፣3- ይራ Novelties:

dew. “years &. great advanck -
e improvement. uf Garden :

(OF 3924, [s !
14 Fine Varieties of des E ;

ta Vasieties incl ‘Omie — sons, ae: ላ E 2 —
42 New Single Varieties ot 16 Mic AMIN IO ... ጭጭ: እ) M SO
i e ፡ Varieties, Apes MOX CUM | ij cis ‘of 88 Fertilizers. :.

DAHLIAS |

1a

— Varieties (best: varieties), a GR
ia ት MI ገር ዘው 6 -
ix Show - SS Rat a eee IU
11 Collarette — ሠ. Ble
12 Star = .፦

"Coltrsa Gus the

. - Bedding Dahla, 7/8.
12: Dunecht Yellow, Dwarf Redding Dahlin, tora-
ይጽሎ 40 above, Ie

FUCHS 1A 8. E te |
ix B. Vanene of füchsas.- 2 & 5-
tz lyy-leaved Geranium, 286 - /
iz Cena: fiue colours; ir xx. varietien, 7 689 #ኦ *
Plumbago: ines. iblus Ee Mech
V eee ፲። edch |^ . ::
All orders over $/- aént post free for. Cw mA,
under that amount 6d. for postage. ^.
Catalogus ወመ om application. |

a OW. COLE & Son]
| Midlasd Read Nunery, -

PETERBOROUGH.

tz Pinous Dwarf: ‘Red

በ). ውም ኮ TY UI
Mi alita — — — —— n

[BE SURE AND SEE |

ROBERT GREEN asi LTD.

* PALM ee 18፡8 “TN SIDE :
|” Group of BAY TREES 4

i opposite the . Reck:

እነ#

Garden 15

THE GARDEN ENE m. OH RONT CLE.

THOMSONS CELEBRATED MANURES

The result of over
results. Safe,

es — and

ይ; T Tos, 3- po

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Ly vrei 2v * ^U ha d ae

' ለ 1 ተጅ, Aye Ais
| 1 | » F eS ae a, NN iN —
Pe EES eee A Ae FEY ts
is Dep i. HAYWARDS. HEATH, SUSSEX. | =

AT CHE! .SEA| iw

Mav 53, 1025

— — —— ሙታ መ ። ኣባ ልክ BARAT UI አ: ቁጣ: — —

ex
=

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go peers practical experience in Gardening: still fret fot quality and
lasting. Ask your Seenesman Tor *Thomsons"*
Vegetable Mánüre—s Perfect. ፳064---1-8ዛዬ, wi: BS [98., 18/-; 58 1s, 9-; 14 fup, 8(-: o>
Special Topdreming. Manüfe—an “excellant stimnixnt--56 | acri n D | |
o; Carriage. paid on 38 the. and 00. Write tor tee booklet.

aire and

3 i DENS PURITY? mE |
VOU pen 18]. cit |
Bile yout eTniaeot Pee and በ. thy soil

e “The Garden |

. Beautiful" a

| No. garden can ከ6 ‘scaly. è
. .beautiful where the plants 5
< äre sickly and Sstarved. ና
.. “Therefore. dress it well ይ
de mbi da Nitrate oF me i 5

“ዞኮህክ(ፕሃ። —

SAN o,

| wilt kit yw Daisies: ane iink wan? ዘ.
T: like: Velvet;

Per 15/- ent.

Write fer fall Lisgisc

HECKMONDWIKE CHEMICAL C0. A

HECHMONDWIKE.

bow GARDEN.

and GREENHOUSE | —————— ——————————————,

PERPETUAL FLOWER- | ^ NB.-Owing to large demand var application | ce

vu mne —— ነከ: 4ዜ neceasary. Xt :
Verietins,

mbt A: A TAL ——
GU he Vesta

WHITSUNTIDE! -
‘WEEK -ENDS!!
We can: KEEP. 396 BUSY ate £ F

E
1.
|.
|
N
ice]. RUSTIC WORK
—— ce | -CHICKEN RUNS, Ete.
|
!

nant ef Antje) Á
(Cote We tede
Satie. d or edike iere. s:
Jw itx. fie Mantsin, (od.
Sets Moto Ue nO PR SEO ck vi
ውጅ" Won. poty reg ied ind *
MEN Aot px pus. ER —
uot quine 845.8

c: ie ጭ:፤
' . ከ: 411.

MU SCA fro
sa c9 ia ge iis «ብ. we

.. Rickers, Poles, 19/90 ft. at 14. per f.
: 0:04 Boards at. cheap: prices. |
WALKERS: WHARF {Bast 1369.
Be Leonsrd’s Street, Bremley-by-Bew, 5...

1
Lm

of Ur een MF ice. baer rey inetodticed Wedie
Se xf y.. Plane whith grows and -[:
"in dow: haku: TUE cOfeotiods ፡
fak (e at i nin; ይ; mu ን

eet —— ds go» E

i ታት lowe vil eA av ls |
) ^ ge Wes Qni T EN J Suet FO" 1s sli ደ NP TURCIS
4 à ` ት — — n T Y

k TANT MARS

= BOCA

22፳:

ከጻ#ዐነ peararuai. soroen “SARRATIONS, —
tov ‹36. -onf-barder tiye Pang pops N E T T I N G 5
Hiver pg esie mut older ani. piae Semet coo.
YR FO "ዕኔ St "wider Jue at ği [አዚያ Wotuwe cina

2 e ተ ዩፎ አ‹ኛ5፡-ፌ1#5ሄ salue, del.
ዓ6 Sif $

E -GARDEN NETS: -Ehr Fruit. ‘Protection,
x Anylengtha ‘and widtbe. Corded allronud..

ioe in. ጻ- mesi አመሃና. ey *ጫ ad

"i New xs * Ju:

A c
—— — TEN M AER REA 2 የጌ : *
Cait Je:

CATA —— Past ERER ON:

— ——
ነነ rh ኤያ avt VR To SAVENI A ወካ 8 oe መዚ 12 17.፡ Newoe in. qi. ae "medium. reu
eher #7 sye — ፍ diu mio “መመመ pus — fi x RS
— e * E . 25 ው ግ 4i TES ወ
ts HARE: 238944) | —— L—: 6. 8. ቁ AM:

Yu WEE hs vid

ሥሪ A Retire. gua የ is Epari በሐ soed). P am. —
o 50 Mesh, gi per ioo square yards.. yi

NEW 1 5 BOUNDARY NETS. :

ES E — widths — ali የበ ^
pb net at e pet ats gaude —

iz
|
— —
ae
ON . Je
ዳዊ ; 50:.: 79: *
mai! Pisb—Hgit- feriation)
F
a
f
|
|
=
|
|
i
f
|
|

| T — Taci de PEDE e Henk: | | " “Various y haies. trom ፲8/- du 3t. each, S
B Ror-Eroof Ene oí the Plants. Does nor | | NETS: FOR: ALL PURPOSES. an
NETTING dumage foliage ne Bloons- t. | —— MT. ful — EU: the

f oe Best p d e. ርን 2 diera s Benfican ር

8 “ነ. * >ረጋ 8 "ጊደር Y ar
GARDEN SUPPLIES isd. | | _BARROW-ON-HUMBER, H LO

EVERY "OT, R
‘CLIMBING PLANT

Cranmer’ St, Livernaal:

| Bale: Proprietor. et: Bh ን ር ገ Bonk: E

— A m —

9hade with አይፈ) large ር Swi xm
ኣጠር fnem of this. sort. et era ‘Ethos
3555. AV,

made: ther dta].

Eos . dPobyantha.

£ rhe new,

X- E ael eta CM ES I ኳያ

effective (Exhibit ol Hoses -
wmriotied, MARE A
Balram. A Queen !' ዜርቨክዔ--

e eere cluded, —
ከድ outstandingly: good. IN

. 31:68. Pat, Waltham) ፡9ህ8ቁ,:- werte i Ms
eh Mitone: oot Osea, Het display. (skin Aho
“form ዕሺ 6. — groups part, sf B. sohen .
of fewer beds: s Foehpoond, lady. 31በቨ8ል3ጩ;, '
። — Gilley. ; Gelder pint. doe
"Angeles, ang. ነ. Bower AN, w dis; ame

pt ያ ን — — የ96. — ረ. ቁ.
8 e ALLE A, Nonevwhy ! puc Jug ^ ሰከ:
na Roma,” ‘the pakut forming ~

vomar ዘ፻090: oh

cei four franma beds: to %ከ)1፡:ሀ:.
Aci? pireular ፳

a i Rae. 31. Dallas ©
| dod the centre pieces | {Fie AGE UT
(5 proupr ol Hoses wes very effective: and tha plants.
Peere 0//86፻54... Most notable Were ህ፦።
quüat c ህክ ባ 10%... Mara Papa..
leachate, White Dürat t ie “Havering: —
Avery: fine), Fernand.. ፻፪. sbiety 880. thees,

212502 Tie. wore sek. B 5. a vox

ie ና ሦ m.s pos. "prime aes l tbe.
| JSt (IE OP ue larger. ‘bloomed’ wirietwes Souvenir d
Joi te) Pariet; 4nd Mys. /Beekwick, A:
J oriens. golden-yellow verist: 68 were dot ably:
aM | tanspienons © and. “others: -ahown. well were.
Covent: Ganten: Sourenit da: የመመ ይና Pernet,

RS RLR. 960. Liberty.
P — '84ቹ፳. Aw.
£^ |n) geo caf y tg against & back-
d or heat Nelvet,. su thar the” ‘Boome:
‹:1፳ sively. Cpüs back.” ai^ the. 8ፌሺ69ኮ..
ACA arranged. with: 16: Pillay’ 180969, Hovering -
freely, ^ aud - oues inifoduetion of. 8ከኮ%

የ;
, polyautea. tse

Dnm

— eb)

frons gave pleasing elis, ‘Pots Himona: of
> Lord” Charlemont. Me aree Omub Cup:
Har vey. (Cunt. ‘ ui $ Woniyaa.\ Quins, SM: à
Henry. Bowles., AM imniration: abd Yady Hound-
ለኩ ihe ‘body x whe: ekhi. were’ ይቪ mr

Se 1 እ RSA አፍ i
ን ue JOBS Topea, laugh, 10 Lu

/dinadari - . 8::6:1፤6:9566.:.

IS SUAE ‘thie. 7፡80. wf. the! - ዌክ): 884...
(ran o cue ^wite: tall: ‘Standards’. ef aaah: ‘parts: P
(4 8. Clarks Ellen Poulsen, General MeAehur
p ኮ0 "B —

ጠል ^ y gleron: group: ot ‘rich rólgurs. -
o8pacdimen . bloame epe. Nery. Jine "aoia |
Samwenir - de . Cleudius. Permet, - Ametieh,
= E ረ Mrs: 85969. Cavent Garden, >
i ; ለው ፲፪ “ና MM —

San ኣዘል aidon, Bros. PARTA
3 showed. Carmatiots. bod. “(Dianthus . Aliwoadii- us
6-97 ot. imposing: Rize. and. highly: —
16 ወሸር (OEP YXook dle: Orm of 4 eenbral, -
sued ` gollgetinn, ss pnroted. 5:8 broad gravel -
4h rara ከ685. Ed artistic ^ sha pe’ 6682 -.18.
| wee, Anil these Guter beri were ‘planted: pity:
y — ‘ot

ij . RE, porpetudl- border: Cri tions, es
(02. 9fds border. 178%. and the "riw strain >

ey
ob Danthug: Aliscoodii, of, whieh: thent werd

Cg — of the pink: Laddie t one darner am
B Bandseime. ginamelled "vase, at once hrpiateid
NA ; attention, ana 18 ihur, dimer. pieces: were
4 eaae. “Bond. Chintz, . ፡ Foia, Allwood, :
E ከ:ጩ፳፪ hus seart. ‘employed: "Phe exhint. |
hed. 8ቹ «tall: eentee-piece, a massiv alumn.
Occ i tie nel ይቦል|።ኪ- (Edward JAlhwood. 3፡9:

E ———— Bemtty 8፻. Dahan, S.
glowing | (salaton 8ከ(1:4 ind) tonal: (I
New varieties gt nee of Dan (us
afe; Phiodbe; saiman ted. dum Anu, v
ዘ markings. hi. ወ Kentte:

ጋ ME ERES BROTH m A —

alata

3 THE

(Me. C. ENGEXMANN,. (Rag.
(Cores AND. 50%. Highgate: . RO |
ር Hc ornato ru. dn (nne cof She: are,

danda vt. Polyontha varieties towards hire

Rega (a^ jadis |አዘጻነር]ከ(965 with ihe —
"bidróna |.

1 (Pari Polyantho Rave. 16 pota wre gone Ban
Om “phe:

ALEAR uiproved sarts, OF the indoor flowers -

and purp & Bell,

A !( ate:
EXACT Cams. anii. Tenis! Vas Miter: sperialty ፡
stable: ‘sorts ware — "S 155. verrano ttu: ቭ,]ሬር

edo flower ake
OM RS: “ebown ©
n di —F fntrarce. ol qn pr ‘thee. at ee by à ፥ክዩ

| GA RDENERS ፣

Sit N decoration, .
Walden;
d. jd. ,énorkutus ‘ram bet at; Carnatipné

fharqueos, In all dhere Weqe dede enaliteen
thousand 16668. and ithe duality 'threugbont.
- WASS execllent. - Many sot cte ፳፤118 ::.870ዩ

displayed "E dig. pages, "fe Muere በበር |
"Enc MA:
‘Rady Nuhe os

- ክ)]ፎ MN being. 3:94." dade,
phantrem ; Supretde: Aviator.
piles: ገ. ህብ amb Batiron, . te Borde" ABBA C
49፡0. Varieties. were. arteries 50.6፡981ኮ/ ite deeem
.: “8880 ! dor dietis, cud: ANonthelülte 80:61...
“Ropes ^h Siron. Aud: ENA AN ites
;phanürress. jn. Panel; eH በ፳ — WAE
NERY ppd 2.58 ሰን
CM Ese HS. deca c dow —— ር; nes x 96890
| ፻60አ614. %ህ faxposing , exlütat 5
errenged can. dne caben c

oq ANEN, 7

A p

à Aay,

ኣያ
ሃ

| YA Yt. “ele n» . iSi
vA. eed Bla s 1a! X oae he TOM da ba ተ tA 6 (x 1 lis

ASD, Qu. አ By Ae

4
Yrs? oe
"

LA ———
cal M ረዴ”

waait AND CHES
E 11 ክበው E or = ። s m

Bled: wb din
“very mieeessful - 68361. E
Horta eere: “Arup rove, T
OM ite Wonder,- Sen ፡ 34
. Fellowes, አመመ ው የ CAR ry i i
| nc Lowe wies awhi
x ET የያ: ዳፍ ——— ae paris J'árpations, :
igeltiding ‘the —— Mrs :36: den.
chrome‘yellow ‘marked sith: helinirepes Marty
ዓና 21987: “Mra. Xorwian Cox. ww ሃዘቫቦሩ..
and. M 969 o Wonbik
ን ;የበ7፻980ክ.

“Mn, ብ Tidar E e ፅ it:
be: Broup ek qeeepetiat ቭ6ሀ9፡፡፻(8ጄ. :ሀየስህየ108ጾ,..
aE such suria as ፻“ህክፎጭ) Enc haotréss. Stiproviks, :
Mrs. Walter Henna. Mikao, ‘and Surprise: |

10 8:

bt — ese

MS Sud exhibit: neor che
“Bxeimtors ut Sir Was DAS BI Warping
Manor (gr. Mr. G Mun). ; Sek 6 Bu

ማኮ at. pot pam val: ፀር atbndagdes

"AU Ee wd

CH RONI CHB: AN

— mon popolar., olore, wid ‘ar! ‘fine ወር | hà ይሸ du he. salen: po afin ne

Ens

TA አክህቪ fede . daw

OH
hanne
UMS ሃባ D Erom —— eu ———

wp, à
Davinadn;. "ርዝ yellewi Mess Hugh. Moneriett
Cfviflod-- pinks and. Mina. white: Kos
SOLO ids. None በህ 2. ኝት 599. 8 ile
" 906 of. the - DA ont. groups: ot. — if
deals ht

yi

| groupe qus Peinaney: ei Wider VANE E e 680: au.
aithe de: of t bis. Owere creer groups ot ~
(rnixer seesliris iih nieular groupes =-
ot; Due. 4. giünous- colles XCamasons and >
nval group. cok otha: eld ise —— LH
,varety ine thes doregeotiud * Fra
Mri P Darsras; rent 8፡ከ[8ጩ “የብል Mes
;exfubitae: pt superb. ‘Clamations: HE 11፡ Porder ..
8#ቨዮ--.' whe: glunaus - deas sidh. “palouty 84...
Stray ‘perfume at. dh. delight fat © hardy
Carnations. “appeal to Towers cod awers.
ue Such aU Meera. UL th. ,38. Athol - ty
pne. dnd. 1የክህ656.. ከፎ ላር may 3 a
—— Hayat rate ፡ Mig idit Marys 2 Biden:
omms ሂ8 ox: ; oo kehm, . ey enit

(hd ኣሜ. angina. ^N A

MES MT “Baty “Pachter: dure ጊ
ን ከስ (ተያ di elita: xurieties BE Deira Y
የብነት. En WESS prettily: 8110: aig satt
: OURAN Fee 8701. —— i

ው

nt ጻ apos a?

ed

: ዛፍ 7» X. li
me ORG
e ot HK

—— ae * SUAM

us —— eie BSS

OARDEN ee a. — i;

Bamin |
— ee 680 ፡ ከበበ -
s eser. RA. 5 ^

Niih “ate: aquavnetively- o
oo ሕድ አህር - be dibamac ረ
: idy TEE. “yet: "ais the. Aighe

— — — ‘ak the: sues | Nbruiieso..
qum dieu: 3000... bartifiquaries (rich: የበር... —
c Bisilied: 6.1 Ae: oide 811. salmoni. TA. vs
CÜpass Icd; fried. quies —— — Figa - 291. rad
jvrmsen s Mes AY ል. C nae; PRH 2:31: ር

The open -

Ss: ET 8 aiteal. hai: iie edd: p ?
har ade xut Toss from. Moserá:. G,

Jess 1:1: pn. :
Ba) tae y Mey በክ 631ሀሸ።. 136
Hoy dy cube 884. cA nadat tie: Many.

.... 16 በ6. ብሎ
— J 6:9 BO. ል TA NS ደ Aor bin exellent

am.

7 መመፁ — ሆና — ⸗ — —— — - — —
4 f Y a

A — ፡ሥ-ታመ› —

ments ien Thuy ^n A

> anete sade poesia
Miike
ue

ፍክ by. Sasi 9. i. — W «5.
and. hy: '‹ኗወኮር Ne Arrange. 85/66. 1(ሀ6% quite
"hk viral: | “Aimar” thay
eran s deisos bre Magnifum,
-Kashti Wte.. "Pago,
386: tans e dev ^ — Heal, BE. attentions:

tae “ok: the: st Me — pea

MANY ' ፀርየ. 1
Miranda; ^

Lo Then. ep Artinged. ùg nity
ner cota low. Fern renkory $a
uitbed. | The large- —

—— WüguiaoFC. a
E ‘tenths 1 on

E um ፐዘ#

...#/፻፻ህ18, ፪

ded ogian aul’
EO DE CUR

/and Lard | 6፻ a

enone — poer Ted med. .
voristies. 551518. and Mise Cu iti Swe: -:

dij Mis. ÜDsmunda- an.

"4 ARDE: si BRS 6 H RONN. C ፲ድ

pe

ba ih bb: sold:
—— Wal Teépresented,. nid: from. thore,

——u—7

duc t We MU

*

በርኒ Pea Society: 169: yeas, ^fully- justified.
* ee selection. - ^Y enuth.. pc beant: pieotee- i *

edged S ሃቢዮቷኛ፣ was also: eapediniiv welt shown,
Wembley; the. advnry: Aayidar Batet opua.

— ashieh win fhe Wer Walk at tha’ Nunumi..

ule 106-ኮለክገ oe visas «" RUN TARY ANB nn ‘Re exte p 160285

« Pa

Oates TAE s ዚና ›
ላ ስና እቅ ላ Aer S YA
v's ነ 4 y MK

E ühes: A oes [1::. “plumoeum, -

“ero teddy Ddmunda- binnATpO TAM bearing tong,
heht uff. tibra” ፡ pret. Osmunda- Tegelis '

etitm | ASHpera Ead - swith. these <snporh. Ferns

ENBA Bome “interés tinge iud. beautiful: Irises:
| '5'ኸ(80በ18. - Xndereen Saxireda Snow
ህዝዞነቪጂና Primus: JDoitecathesan Menadià; Arni
| dMneunculus, “Cypripediany: . — And.
oynrigus- lovely. ”: AUR = | 868/98. SER
taco sting exhibit.

AMH state Aaen. Maos dips vede
& eettection- ፡6፻:. E pd. - gyevntionse Fema, |
p de በ፳ rat] - do plants. “They: dneluded :
“Nuplirolepis - Stodtraiies, -Patatia c fjedss

፡-2::2-::86፻508፻6.. Miepolo pin. plaiyphytln;- Pieria tremio

፣ ቪክ O

— *
— Asplenium- ^
xd x [በዜ

E ee.

:: 31 ርክጣበ6
Nica,
oe p

pisi piunt

heurpa |
Fires በፀ “and '
oN “Actinubnn, —
968; 89

,vnrie ties

wt — Pola: eres
phie ‘former. occasions '

‘at

Eat: E prre present! "wen of. Stürme quality: .
y Messrs. — AND (d. soles. an enormnims:

uae.

—

| excelignt, bleona à an — —

at (‹በይይክሄፈ

— ም: a
"várty i d fine exhibit,”

cdm cerise

Ww ‘hite,; .፣

— stadurd -— upeties © በር)ክ(888.: oie S OR GE

-longipirmatag, ` 2

-»lm —

mw. ONU

p lie: ማን
“Tat. . attac tively”
ይየየይጣሯ‹53 - “hy: 'ጓክጩጩ.-«ጻ. BOLTON he: essit

ae A en ——— te

Their- timer sterling novelty are | Tupy dine
- Black. Beas, the 18086. mang.
j 4. Tüetüre 59185

Rogue: Pinks AM glowing’ pink,

ani. very.’ que Hi; TH aplendid: | Winde a ;
Which. meeivel. 66: award das eur, c ‹3«..
| በባዕ[;6ሺ io thess “ploy had ac gut. may -.

ክር didi ን qnse s
i ፲011ዚየቨቨቨፎ,
à — — “thes "brightest: of
diea doses — pony Tangerine Tniprosied— :

En: dms) Atrrüetive. group. ;Mesasrs.- .ጳር፻
13/8968: SRB BONS. hida ©
faxomniatyng _sbodlitigs 88. ; ሽ[ሠጠበጩጩቪ -
opik davensder z i Mo&gnet, of vivid. ——

SA

WAT

/arjety much like ^ “Youth
Hawimark- igi Raine:
- 09፡ሠ«. ፤ SKINS - “Mauve, - Wizards : "ifbaut; -
-Ormnss tolour, ‘Bavenswing, | ot: 259 በለየ:
AREA. amd V'aweisedurt. weno: parti lang
uen.

`, Meere. hr ርመ AND 09. — aay

የ ቴል. —
Dia ui: fow ers.

deep
'contimmous wheelie .፡' ME (ከዘ. ene. gaad,
the eobet. heen:
À appearing. dim
ae Wome” utternpted ib are. " wehibition.
du. detii arranged ከሃ. each Exhibit. anet
t Hy ነ
~ ዘዜበዩበከ ከ:
| ህህ: stippled By^ ጸፀር፻ከፍ፻ረ:. defe:
desired and 31: 38: 88 29. Apri sach
Ea the - SAPETI i

i: Hu "dec front: . Ht te

W ከ9660:
‘Potkots ክክ]. verbdobs WO

Phlox Vivid, |
aet አ አ

Raves of “the stones’ ws 5. colony 6ይ: Beduim ey

eye: ‘fous. oto miniature: ን tmy-
s ; 5 periset: pyrimidat | Pare n:
SING ee

sabt He

- Saxifraga. Lary edon Cafe arae», d

Chctebwortt
bold: Aaterop 0፤ stone. ostiis: ፳ጹ platesn- 58
which. were:

ta dhapilay a 5859. scleetiat at An exhibition:
i Fine old: swot hired - AX ecstinorelund.. Bigne; wir
Que. : ep
T? “woud: ^
(RE ded: f
ihe des
but.

Seen: plutons, and this router was 448691. where
Wy

ን ወ ዐየ6፻12/፡1)01%.. andy Stella, «s
Piot. “ብክብ Tap
2 ሚከ deeper coloured on the. markina በሆ Caf puck
^ One oder. cwarietes

z Ariginat: 4. in

2522 Seine. desi. "eh {hein —“ e nie ——
Ele: peituapat. nowedtis giros =

Pnthursupfs = „purged: tiai (Attenti © CU Abi Ruffles rosV- lavender nt PUEA Rice > 5195:: Pa
daivelene 2° Magriet, 16. ፡‹ በቅ args bright 5 Byford; of bright pink. shades; Varpio Buauty c - *

— ‘saline: pinks Mermaid, iH eR: areni c Queen Márie, J— standard, “andl priser — A
c enüty-- t polon: ፡ በ]. ] ‘Ruby | t des wp Mke wpe “Mire. AY barley,” bright VAPE a
he — > d Cae Sneak cunt ከፀ. Howe 15. Eridi. pale! erimeos : müperb,.. of Peru Tie.
s posses Heeideri merits: - € — j ; Chat [ሮሮ ipee :(‹16)9፻፲86.::. ...፡1፡1:.. UTE Una
x Tian. SE ም sime MEE Baan ae “cay i Pa a ‘Park silvery: asi dex. .
R የ at aX :

* ^w

p
c» »
ችር ሀር. yen? A KU
A AE CRT M
t E e
^ id ዯ

2; ids JENA qax AW:

ba ር eae ep. these. X she BYE . ህኳከ:-8-1906. ami i

several: Bho ፳፻: all: REESE Boon, “alt hand Bh :
“perhaps: iM. AConuticruta me ms 55370. years -
By 'ዜ. በገዘ: . shappening them mock

gardens. arranged. by Mr. moror G. Woirre
REN yn TE
i: tree. Donde wu Me. "CLARENCE ELEIGTIS

Titalehunst, Mises. Ponds,” Newman

L
ትብ —

Wee Be eoe
TRY! „pikem one
dnd
e 61 168881.
IMPOR “yorkery
በክ

ይበ ive By.
"ar: dtiereed: yan

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vA he 9008.

1ክርበበኳኬ . iat c all): “thar. hoes: and-
for: [planving > — NES
lite. ote des:

Mes AMuaTELEGG. —— "ds stone. የ6ብር:
"wwe. made > t. 97" jn
A 401. he. vüntfe - Seas. ፡
dl ad. (stream "ኳና 10 - entepfad lh
bright sud cee hi
& Agi hone ner Warley c Toss.
panna capitis, Nasatrigen.
148 ue osamo cBpotiec 2 Atho
xis fine}. -Lilheaperfotim

fine ;alpides

ted, oS. longitolus ý

He veniv Blog, 8894 Viu preie 1፡81 pale

* — with Cyri. -

pp *
ANEO
the site

i N

ን aver hal ag - thie:
part. Beat wm hacked ER —

pratt. "rhe. — that,”

onu. traverse rhrongh: cach; part.
ES Hades de REPENS, c Stoney. dius.

eking )nspection - BOSE: —

59:ቨ458:- AND

is (Gk PERAE

] winding Siram mto: heir: Actum. Hig: PRN
| ኮካህ]ቨር one 6t stones ai othe: Highest, patt.

“The piantng ” ad Wey” E ive. “espaial '

: Mong - he stone: 11061. Tank ua. Aha AIDEN
ME:

| miprop.: 0. atone. dH - the rentre - ‘suas CA
planted with Sayifrage Hosti. and andor the: m

spatlinlifobira purpureum. Pine“ miesas Cof o
‘Aubrivtias, Saxifraga —— Tritium rote ie
Rornm,: Phioxes - dnd. ——— fuenielist
plenty. ait. "bight anlar. :
- እ34፪: Crane: Errat Vadis gna
uams ፻ኞቺ
— über.
dfe ፡ forest. ministurc:
በ1889: avga ete — w 4ከሀ8«8:..
Annas." ። |ኳ9ሀ1.. "ah s C46 cul
«ህር 8: - as" Daphne “በ7811. et
albus and ins. vristuta, - "pear aho
DE የ1981: yuori ::- ware ss pie. opt:
Byatt '
anaialisy Crema. quuIeemletta, - ES. Idea,
Nd 1፡18 Bhi Shine. end. እባ ዛበ(፪48. ጾ [1:8ቢሀ፲በ5፡- :
Mossin-- «d WIN: JowNES : ANGE ,1:99758885..
“dousi utra 'ኮስርከ፤ ary see

rompressa,

gome:
alpitius
ndo

Gieposet ure rera . vw Xie. Alps,
(914411. byte Ti8DessaTy.

rather toa: crowded enc hese

beügtiful strat iffentinn, ewpported: the front 67.

“the |
Pare

በ80 on.

“planting. was
Ou the opposite aide, were: batehes

hod ,ክ16፻8.. Ak Pinks Comhra, 118፤ፎኮክፎ |

the. ካቭ "gher- ptr,

: here - the:

M:

2 eurn uires ROT press. - Pied. Keela tumai,
“P mapti hits. ቪኪርኽ6፳19,: ant. Prapa, —
ከት GRE Sed cm oS
Sahari cine pires
wal: ማጸ5:ሀ18፳8.. Arie ais “አባ ነ SAR ነ]

Bene

DM

MAF ER: — PHE GARDE, VERS ፤ CHHONTCLE

— — — — s 4

እርስ ኣስመ — SORTE RS "ኤሪ cui. — — — RM Sys ጋዕ pris ፦ታ ** —— — “አ. “ቀ እ teem ይረ ሙጋ — — MM — — ^ —
G B £ - — = = othe MEE ፲ኋ: ] — mr — —

F t

—22

CN GRE: ን — Nesting, i 8212 | ERG REB ጠህ i bis — ohim.

uff ar. oi tena. 6፡8. maustein Saigo. 48. x ens = ... = alt
very. Realistic. grass: Aending to EY. መ F | ihe ley, Cupressds | stort Seas EM
port, with: itera pps Stones በሦ eed. ene MONT RPM — ‘seal ae") mines እን variety, and Amapunula - — —
an ከ dut. pax: te - wide For dcorpeminidn ARER poet Am Ahe ' doycyrend: AE qe ከ5: MESSA Rother quint OE the Hesersption | / whith
D reain. türabime. T 1986. «መይ OKET JGEES, SUBE: ENS AN DoD. ይ Sure. hii ;

3 3 MUS £entiaus "ema to. fib Che ekbhibit sst np 55: Mr — v
And ime ክር dme E ‘ponl, pautes. ፍ[፻1፡. ES dew sn apd: Praid. ORE | huc. wore: ንን አለ (HEMSLEY, J Whey Tussex, for here: ወክድ 46869.
sa tics. : PA?

3 k dwarf | "Alben. d ርብ. 9፡8 በዓ. ONORS ^ A
አዉ. o ^ y RAH Anarki “and © Mesembipieithosus. ‘Heworthias: Aid ከ80 '

tutis d —J—— 1, —

aM

x Meat’ > ; pary. cat oor Bees Stapley, s entere - x
direpastied Hand: quiuis cia Te ine bs —

96. tock » chy th tS vt v ከ ህቱ ከ -. A — qiadtsc are 176. Way STOR yn 65:. A plants ^wyocUbteud:. | Tor. dut rime ‘being. “with: s
Ot ented | ie ከየ ከኮ ehief C nada: Was: hes ‘And. ያ1ሁ ዝከ ses pay undi: 85. ius firm. Was würb Phdoxes; ነ? Jenna. "véruns Sedum,
— uid aside nee eer "ede ordre 0. Toworthy- st ints jepmiaton. - Ela Tight: diues ፡ በለብ mipinus; wath. Rosa Rowlett meo
FEY stones uA Thess Wein ፀብ. 18:8. ሺ. ———— THA Gia soiteiisted ith "note of the: wold.’ Serina. ——— OK Zr
seriem 0p CUepIRV : Mut Ares planted | wd xd deeper: ጻ51649፡ cat: Gerntiop "[(:81ሸ/8.. and- RON 2
Duphne ን "heorim, Ned. edis ic Alpi Y ATE. Jester eating: plants pho XE. "tol etion | wens: ne | Mosars,. 4 (Teater oud ‘Say, | 6660:
Ehieses, Saal ries, . Rabe ta, ud. tis 186... .ጳከየ(የክዘስቦህበ AMATUR. ህህ grendifiormtp. = filled) (ከሁ. “apace በከ: ota. eer very

‹ዚከከኩ በኣ መ shrubs amd. jr vinea ^ $ pume: [ዛባ s iege aes — 1: 6818 በነ.ሂዬ - ‘Bosna: “efectively iti Fati’ AOA E Alpine”

| AES Vantage. ME AU : 1: Raulet ud: Baxofrügn. vorrledeu plotyphylbuin. ' piante : ህች. | በዘሂ0ሆጸቫቺ | 8በበኗር0: . Ine “ee

3:82. Heer: "Book. : ላነ16ኬ566፡. “Suu: an Jo Ranst mys “ued with coteidereble. cflect collection. t FAR tis ከመበም els PNE ss
irregular other rieküry. very mood iw eiert” i 116. — sunt- from BSBEPPÁAEDS . CStachys. Corsich, | Campandiaa :0ክየ816 . majon.
bak rather 0ፍ9/ 60/1686. waet quan (Big. "MG * ee newer N RSEN ‘Hullyeracd, Siimingtiam, | - 68 Gargamica. villosa, | ጂን ረጀ Ch bi tg
አ ሚለ መ anata, Mien Rma በን hons Res infa NNN: Am ie En ented Mere: ORDRE, MADRE hybrids Primula feros
eterne. dub: pater: PELE 9. [0ኛ if. wits g — sec eur LO PPM | | |
NA fx, planted. far Fears ^ A ayreuiti tan. — palais —

AS ea tres © 951. stoni. Nd — Hispasat. ፲6፡-
D ናርትከል6 36. parts
ise tatyhe ’ dian: frog eov — arching aimee EC

(s n Broom Jab thie SPREE “phir near Gem =
ane! Soe - ከልህጨሩሼ ክክ Sthye à | Xtoties -መ፡----
rss Ehe sare ዩሕክቨዛክቪ፡ 4168: dit enclosed, — Pee
s rd CUTS Lb ak, qe. ከ)41101 Tirricsetome PADS
T£ mini Wes estecrellnd, có a wn | her. Rpt ad ey.

10 Messa: APMC CETAN Ast Sow! ‘wouwfructed”
! tise: Tock-wunlen ^nt. "Ted: ን እ ከ ቁ (IMS p
Was) apt "qveklone Wah pianos J pat:
one bed NAL hakir L IAEN WA there” RC
rie 961 394 MOOR [ሐ4ሣሠ “80፡1 a Wine.
(ac aie T. T CTI C 180ጣ0:9.. ‘etd Maples,” And
‹‹15ናኬ6፻1. Conifers: SAENING found: de Tae pE rovk s s
wntck me WAERN Mppstatest- as. ihanet: REET de ed
Venture: rat het” tlisn- ከፍ “pnd: A 408065. te:
‘Daphne. € ioris, .- Prod. | J——
›;፦ጨፄኗሬ doewimis Dotyledun, | Y düDepenaun
protratta and - : — Karatay ——— *
splonnticlly. 19. | በሀገርር, ያ ርሽ

5i Au ብቡ Reb Pacis O oe
— staging EER ን ያኪ ጋዜ Pa ——
Sem thoroughly mastaret: by thre: Jedi.
xhihstoss: ate dne — SORS bored TUR" pt:

l i E ብ LA
HOO AUS ኩዛ qnan Ro i. apa የቦ በ18. inter ..:.. * E —— — SES UAI
* eiie. Missa. Caves. PAGE "London Mal 7 aes COURT, LEE
Heat: Vw hien tittle. exhibit. An. 4፡5: Diut: A p
OP OXU, : Jothespeentupie: | preebratam: and QUE
“EFES Pim: Aime 5 Fiiamlas. ene? Basse A
| ከአር በ vor Pago: at. tat ahi; Ma.
12153. angat bb: bones. DE CET Sed
SS ዘገር aique n. ^ as: Ame pent Ava ties E —
on Sable rook garden shown: by Mosa: ous
.. በጨ ‘AND $ NOWKRSÓN, Tetehiwearth,. 811. TAPERE coo
dts pe cen Sabine: Aparbiib tli: fiirptrenn OUR

Sany Gri th Dere etiertz earning: eleg. cms i E L4 OREO. TOLAR በክዚክክክር BuU ROCK ATER AY TURES :
^ Nx "sraall arp. nt Borat farsa ,:(9በ1[ህኗ:.- VA ነ — wy: — — E — d : 3 Ae do AS — ድን 2 e Sate (11) 171 እንይ ንጻ 8h Be PL ev : 3
Jon cuf vas Jeu 7 20:8 POEL AAR X * d NE i
me Mateinezs, - ያብ uth SOR š a : OE e ው * VIP METERS oe Be sen oe i t TA
we if Mostra; E Lid. ij CM: 882) Naenae Dem lids lips sii dna: dew. Rome. i: — [Pelion Bon n
"16448: dower dp ^ Hee rock garlen whieh. wid "Primas: ib variety, and Aguilegias, .. "ስዩ her back: 111
ከዘ ዜ ower napa doak ዘካ “he moet o -› Messra.- Cx win AND Besir: Broadstone, . Messrs. Seeurow Ax*n. K tnw, | ipi at

os

iod e^ durs é pal ls Viola: in- vnsinty and ' tinge dorm: packi dor des Alpnies:: dne their caller: ; Varies: Taie. qii bees? “Oh: tie Audpine Panail,
COP pitas. 2 Shark was Toi ጃህኝ1 lero ope Payer “Lions, grd: FSRS dimonket: the, 1ዜሂከዮ wore ከፍ. ORY e flected : deret: denen 18 abe.
S ስ ብጻደከ(ካፎ. ከዛፍ; and TOM beret stone: nae: 858641. ;Primulas.- Aime And. ; “Ballesauna, Erinus ekki ‘iram > Messrs." akku 8.9: Aaver
C. exc vient - “ኪኪ. “ጅሚ WE Cnrmineuás, cLathoeper 8/1101: prostat um:- with c hampita, inil püti- Weathered 880/86 anid. gren
va tats nas ii Showing as a Sexe aat: "uf. ie ገዜ Adi. “ዛሻሎበህሠ.በ፻: Tiye and- Broumr forming: à. back: anoss "Were £asteraily- ‘entplayed. in SH. artis ፡ z
ii tae Ay. vomprised the: “‹‹፳1[7)ቪ - Staged: _greved god 4c “peut. ‘oS i water ፡፻ከ፡. fate ^ mint. ie “the: Amntpe cont ሽከር: ኮክ. UNI:
APA APERE CNW o በህ]. tho o- Homie- J face, Up uatre- ín. Ah 0 7 abservert group. eb: Cbupimue | denies *
D. North Mies . C The) oslleetim cot Dwark ipae 3. p. ከ5 ha d. Showing un... MOIST -
HH chiarmiog. Variety ef these’ ipXeob Sane M-Imenan sddl-Nosas € 'hristehureh. ~ $ other — rere: ur i
2 plants, Primula Aürieüla: Quen. Alexandra, x Harl Was Very NOIL Uv thc. material and = ከ‹[ፀብ6ጻዉ. aid- palveuienta, latera. say
nd Primula Bprestt wore, very tonspjeuous .ኮ/%፦.ክ.- putielady- gund - x ሚእ bm GE Hora, | “Phioxes and. ከ9 የዳይበጸ cf
A (MM delightful fitte plaur a thes: vallectiep - enything "tbe neraneement auso n lüliN ipo. nc company with 4 showy. den nt
2 RAS" Barinienta 'ሃቦኾኮክ።.. C eae ጨበር An pite ከጸ. — he. እ 21085. Mr 66 W HITRLEGG.. of. 1210858660.
UD MU UU UH: pee HC EVA [AChsebioster. — WE T pee Ku dneluded. Foupordin ከ14: 9ሀ68ኪ vusplay of rock plants’ 68. which
Wad 8 ህህ pë Une of the tables with a - Bib Alpe ba. Bankia Nüxitragne ond: -“Lithdspermuny Heavenly Bh fee”
,201፻61870. pf. Alpines, Iu tha suse እ HT "Om phase, ድ GUE 3488- qao - “atte hy. ፳26ኮ18685. ' :
n (phe: urrangerient: . nop delonge Tiare Du : mue pusilla. ^ The-cuolectien- staged. hy Mosr. Whaehe 582,
cy itt — er: eshibiting, tok plante owere eek dynited anus e nO e ERE (af Bugsbor. secre a lile. Jon Hat, but; We
| Wee 1 toRotngss Pickering showed 8. ^ Shows: elotüps of 1 «683818. 894: .ጸየ1ከ08. Of -Arrangerbenk | 663 e ;
viltecion. ini he duser hed aa hardy. ን Pumos quivecmisnts Bartley 15610, were: to advantage- phimpe o “Rhedodendyon dank
Hes Pa qurtedlar - enpimious- fed tires: om. the: Nalleetina: aged by gymtum,. Teea — 7269887168.
፡ an the p Mine: he HD EN — BH obs ROME peoi and Cypri es 365811. pnt col solne

(omne ዘክ ነ። ae "eve, ቤ. e tum of. “used | “Want bisredt Stoner”. pith: good ^ effect cto. Surrey, ጊዜ የ1ኛ filled ~ Be 0811. epu Ren

jM 8፡5. E umet ee

Qu TE “green boxes. AGRA, NOt - ጸ[ቪዮቧርቢባዥኛቦ dnd he

— — dwat ፡ —

CLIE —* ኑ (LN * . ሠ
ተ ሣሣ Na Na ፈእ! ቂ ኩቱ 7 መ . መ.“ ' VS. “ | Ec] E Mh T
We" : * ጫም Aaa 2 pou X RAM T MES Tees — RONG SEES A

ARE orn

362. |

ou P 1928.

“athe A 06 — — d 3e —— Mer
Ha : Uie pi Kent. Were Vont aur Ae

c En but: ከ: qnethod- oni ageing. them PT XE R

and: Mesara-

Se “Merion Smite WW. Pauper, o
በዳ. ‘mosis ub. thy pimi béing. ias pats did. “Curtis; Geo

fot ndi oro thie | TURR due = The [maf x Bucher, dis
| reine ‘alsa. ‘applies: to tà thee “Alpines: haer: dy = John Ww. dones. Gr S ንአ ው and Rot
— Bs BOSPLERORN:, ‘Bockarduent which 981. A Hawker.: PRESA |
dave: been’ uires aitractite: # ን ር ded ተው. 2 There: was ዝህ. Tii oder. ከፈይ ነ
ze displayed an x more. naturel way a i

— c ivdn zx 9፡64. ‘collection: wÉ hardy. plama. 2 far award—ida ' Scot, uf purplist ir megin

wn alpine charac- and otherwinr - Messes “colour, failed te. win ae appeal
A Bonis AND EXE ARRET Cheltenham,” ptesent

4ኛ. - Needhau
Charles: Si y EN

4 ponnien AE DN EE S N LON, A AES AS EI
* እ e aM dwarf. ከ8ክ፻ጧሦ Onehith. * VIRUS We Ue s 2
ANUS Sanitka Wallanei, - Aula "&depppbylla... ind. et M SUS He
UN khe - -eurioua - pay: Bowen: plant. MM. nh Mess ida. Bans EU 8085. 66፡99. Qantas,

UAR edas i
Ur ES | BAL. GARDEN.

M Ree —
Th

pe high ‘banks nf theses

5 D. “Harrow,
, Somprising 88. ‘he: loading 2

Oo ከከ57:19 phis oof: jh - anal bardy” eharscter O vare ee AR which: wero. noticed. Oran 5
(5 MB * Sg 811: ac spion 91. novelty by Pe wbetem. The Zebra, (General Koblen de |
displaying’ “some “of ብሎ C above, ,6. what Aus Eras pud እ Bur, Ronald: (Gunn, 5

| comp n B ፲ይ fige bed Wanton DoF e a d ls id id: Zala: ond A

6r

— ሕፍ መመ: መ ሎዎ

|

"T
hy MU wu i :
s —
que Target ^t à
"e be "m "m.
8 i eo
አሚ. : ፡ ML 1s ነ”. " y
5

p 2 — S ,፲8፪ Sokoa NURSERY. vo. or (ኳል «89.

5 ይ ላር. kof ae
ሂ

' "iebaani-.. 88868, but guld antiactive wai thi lise
Jack. “garden. et By. Misia ::፡ 294.4. AMD
wA omia «ክቦ: tano Ehari i
Mere, 2395 are DO. West የ mb x
60: sore. Wilerexting : ponds: aid: Alpine: plante, -

dm Shürning- variety and rotty, arranged’ -
Mesra R H BATH. Wisbech, amide- 8

— show ob Tulips and dem. Cnm corder..
onbhe 1946. displayed Me-

hut the. vere. placed can the: table oim potes — — Jany 809169 dis stayed ier,
'::.. : ሆቪከ09% much ffov. ar; Arap 589)860:. . Uns tbeae^ "Andrexuobe: White. Queen, Mra % totter Palmer,
ay te S E ane does Bot. Speet Oy gun ; ሰ. — Dream. Aud - | dosis. pis epe ‘greatly:
tS oet — * — Buy: ET QA S ad Red. ::.-:. RS
"Mantis. ASSAI ENA tom odiffiendt | PM find: —— vould

| coe በ04. atise b:
5 pna amic. And in. .፡
ute: 3 M yosott 18. ——
ad. e ዝ1806ጮ- WA
"wd inteeraiiug ws 10 atrii
: be sen Jicvmw- depo Hum:
Mórüave, Durifriesshiro: nnd ben one. saw. the.
Mnt. fou 6 160916. Litoniuna. ዋከ[:ከ looked .

ipHy desenibe. the. glónvas- Vieplay - v Tulipa
— By Moses, እርጩ nf Ex s xh, u and
ehe fowr On- thiir: Jong ainia pare pes ou up
dno R nost tasteful manner) Everything: ‘that '
18 exeelleat in ihe- Tulp family was repre
eot and periape the: 30፡8. strkiing Howser .
tha) wrong. 695 fihus pum. write: hybrid.
Wate den ik.

Velvet Kia aod Phe $ ነዝ

ረ: “glavions thig f

— Ary “atirictrve: Conspieno ws: . 81867: foe othe F were 880. SEE,
Vy. n ection WETA ‘Siang Ullsiana, helodosa, የ፡ጾየ18ካ፻8. DE
81. Sabie intereeting planta. og | Fae MA eriam Gannene. Ralveoden, ‘Kent,
Re MES: MN AES, Junior P Mérsthim:: | ICONE Slips the d ‘vais dn —
U BATEY singed ፳ - ዝ[ርር 1168 ‘collection ot the

$ TOU d Hmüngat hic. Tantum Arboreum.. Philox. x Titipa Nre ainet ek; Eien” W 1

dvi. ^ Prünule o Milena : Arimaa c n. - ssnary-yellow.: በ68. Tritons Tanan Hk The
T Suwisa alti ic unge BER. quema GEB. PA BE. AND Co

Bir: "Daniel “Holt 68. ‘ie iid Yi
Arthur Ri — t
“-Sormmitters ; 884. the only. ‘Taip submitted

ta” *
(E the

፲ Bawas ot Fa imi Ni

=" great display. | weh. Taipi os ን

| 1(6፡6#088ክ Abing:

ገጠር

፡ — NOR
d The. dy subject | ev. [ሺ

— aida: dt ‘shi ——— ከ — 3
pathos ዜ ቲር sey that the kinds and —

arrengéroent. 8

Ras hehsyiour of the "eswrnl ^

4 i

e were. digi d — RERUM n
oF the owi OWAE C BOG ott: 4o. show. hera
io the best. advontege ut tbe^ ከ886: of tire-

Es:
stand was a very mes display: of vut Howe -
"From the Afeki Hub: ‘Fields, | 891864
derma, Angles, M »
exhibit. of | 78889. «

iae
ይይሸህ6880- ነ 569. Fripe. BPE

. Orange; waa -perhaps the nost conequmpam = =
but aitama” Yatentrer Ka ont Wer: temas: —

J

J"Pulipa were ale: represented

UPhough the: exhibit: t Tulip 896 beers
6. PuABAOW ani Soni Tawdhami. |

large aa some 3t. “bares the stamp, ae —

nspwurms dnce wenkte. wepe. he dari -

sand. uo. sither oS ፡- maet. የዛ፲ር፤3ሮ .

Set. ont. ፡ “groups in. xOnmmi- de
ground theo” hew t >
ware: ው!

with this coe podre exhibitis aian |
"flowers AI ነከር gems oF the: Tuig -

a. "Westo; - : 9. deminn.
a mo Rivers T. Patyna
BSW A Bees P meme V
CAVES (len, Ys 8:88

a

pubbpee —Mwas - 6: arety bo
ኋ. £ — ‘Biellentoweh, So
üg C ES Woa — nemm ፲ MS

E The only ፡ enllection of paa 56 PROMUS
D gardener: to the Hau. .

ches Msc “Brose

MC ARE > fua — —
wil, be: ‘remembered phat. last seat Mt. Gibts
3 Í vage tables Wie awerdert 186: (48866
‘tien Cdp, -uien for the "ambitenon.
; Dxhibit at the: Holland Hali. hows, amd cn this

Coceasion the effort wad no wint inferior - እህዘ
:.ኩ96. quality, the alieplay wis notable foe Qa -
“Attractive TANNET 8 sriiehcir: was, M pue

ዩ way

phe. 222. . Beckett: dus dung since Jed

xa prie te deseribe the numeras soris;

AO tes '1ከ6: 666. the kitchen ‘garden -

that: hmr. quality. 2295. pe በው higher |
88 at. perfection. N
| — BUTTON. anb.
morts oL Éot&tos, - grown Wa 014.

"from — tubers. planted on Janay 230,7

íntevesting, end the- exhibit: waa ednientive in
| demonstrating - dhut excellent ^ tubers’ ATER በፍ
dad. et. tbis early. Aate. without phe duse f
Cfire-heat..— Mueh- the best result yas obtemed
. ዝክ “May © Queen, : osama: others of the rw
early. | 8።ር110 that. did wells
[በበጠህሀበጅ:. .Ashleaf. and. Sharpe's”
„scond eurlies. Ben. Lomond wee |
"whilst: excedlent tubers wero: shot
ከፎ aidrt&s oae Ring | Bawar i
ad የደመ. ። Pia AS

JUIN

ቂ 1 tts

v4 i'd ነጻ ፣ ያለ ttie
m" (Ao pn
$^. ነ

Oo Magnas
‘worth, had the only exhibit .of Spot. fru
i — —— hey. well maitamed (heir. LS

Vilvet Kie nud. Mateos.
6:: titm

"were pean I" ht flower ENS: pe

a

— — — to

Hands. both: jn essen ‘and vut vof. 866806: 7

^n akirata c ን

To or ፣
South ልጩ... TM

E pun dn oa 299099. ጋ mes oe e

“Bane. sivem. ne z >
frames:

-Borts - we GEN

Sra MT ፡፡፡. 2 1

PM ፏል wy Ann. is BON: bride ነ

A?

825

Ma x. 39.

| eatin ‘ne —9 Jii
treet. They had ‘Peaches,’
ee Oranges, Land Lemons, : Nectarine Jobu
o Bayer 0 ሦ Somparatively | Dew. i nee aie አል፻ከ[6ዮ -
.' ኒክጨቢሲ 141188: antl ‘anatesde 61. iw) oa, cold
:: house, aud: ‘ther fuite. gue bigger’, vihaa Üo
1: Cardinel Dres "Peaches Duchess of
Coniwall oud ‘Duke at^ "York were catrying |
aie ripe. fruits, whilst (these “of Hlue Rock |
an Kuchy Rivers Pinas, werk | érowded | with <
በክበር: 7፡0. corning” ር616ህ፻... Apple trees ta.
| Mosr.: wend wrüised . ta. ‘separate ‘the: Ürsuge
Okéees finn: ከሀ ‘others, and.. “they gave a.
touch ot bright — ‘this, 85. በህ
ir wub o
Mesers. ^ piro divos, - Pedia, expelled
WAL thuir perine efforts on የከ occasion |
ህህድ istal: — ታገ

ji Glai- house.

AE 'በህህኪ —— ne 98. inure peras OT |
.| ለበቧ the. ኣክ 6467)3፡፡91. wag evenings: |
good. the Teute being nurnenged. in, baaketa |

. ዘዘ;ቤኋ Fermë. RAE, — dor. ከሸ and. d

qot. Shey pianta, ail fly drating, dieto 3 |

n in ገርሂ Ver above ters Tex took..
Vabe porrunmty | das : ኗከ,ክ ሺ. 4ክር “Cire ow
| ዘባ. ዜሐርኗ98፲9, Robust and’ Empress, And
Jani paica hey 64. ‘excellant ‘samples. E
Rig, x sarge Y. The [| Puke Marsha —

Sire Deirglak Hag and thera.

“Majer the Fn fug Jo — KEN Gas
ffinten; Hungerford (Ur; AME Xo Beekett)s s
Jahowed the: only -exbibit- of; shuts 3nioor ©
innta which included Grapes, | Me
Wetharines | በህዘ] Stevbernns Thi:
ይጀ f Foster's Sendhiog: And: Ja. በ
ከ ን ከን) CAS wary large Raber: nr AE Mene
Mon included | qu. this: exhibit. af. nett opis

V Ri Royal. Fhvowrite, .. Ringleatler, Herat.

E በበ! p "rive esl ኘት! 7609. Paehua
Cas Hakes Barny Xen ard ^ Nectarine: .-
o Candinsl nd ary Rivas 3
c HBravan. F arkey Figs ot good . “quay; 658. E
MS dn )በ5 Overy terapting | exiltectiot,

Meera.” — showed Raine:
ከ 15፡ *rieties of Apples, 6 ይበ ems riot:
,544ሣ፡: 86:5 lake Ay: aowi. 2 Traits: eere
፪፻... wtüraetivelys ቱበ'ክ፤)፪91.:. |

41 "coloured 1ከ888/ግ8. sap pres tate ፡ ብክ ፡] Beto vif.

: ከና ዚ ከ: Keria. and. —3* alin. 4394. the) even
"aorte tlie: TAGE dorah” were Norman: Pippin.»
; Welling Lorie » Wagener, ፡ Henig
በ ፡ 88915... AN mite: (29፡ሀ6099.. - Aanes
Eheabuthy:, Orio, Stark, Braddick’s ‘Nonpareil
1 አየው የክ RETIRE., “Pippin. And.
‘Brownlee 6 Bisset A

Mrs VI Ge. Vicxeds, Ki
ahowed two

. ዘኢ. Vikingi 3068.
CM. mien.

RE

are nm VM Ps URS

is ai pov አል udiyidudl: "elit án.
Na? ጩ Raney’, 166: ene that wÈ Messa. 'ጸር፲ዌ0ኦ |
Casp Sows, sie) thie vis. 0761870889. imos
oy. — Aotirelitiunm ‹8:«01. Kecteas. AE:
C général. plene waa Ust nf 5 large distal.
..: 85/9. (ues Hug. 164) with ahati. #፡፡4/20263:18..
l having broad, gravelled pathy [nom wich. tiec
ped yunisties vould conveniently be inspected. -
CIN wide bands: of nut of perfeot greeunesr
deoedomn fren weeds formed ^a good -—
p due the Howem) cxXWioh were: all’
Ds grown. "Pha Antrehunsims. wer obo
8 ar — Intermediate: types. and. were-
weranga, 1 T. dalbckA . Of &isuinct: eotours. The
"Rr jet. tha 611. otta. era Old Roso; Bufe
“eek Bronze, alie “the: ‘intermediate .-
— 1058. 16191: Butt: Beauty, Müüye : 666992, |
Bae rinami, Bosp Queen. - nd: Delito, ..
rend ይዘ. ቴከ፪፻:። 7 spikes. fully à Peat. tong
tn: 8. ftériistrod. wii large . በመሓል | 6እዚህቨ[ልያ!ሄ,
sfigati ef cte darga- -fowered. © ‘Nemesias . uad.
, €olout-desrriptive: Dares, ወርክ Ag Richy Wringe |
ስት ብ] ኒክ | ^nod White. . “Phere Were >
ide Mentor Forme, Aura" and "Twilight, and.
thee white, and dark mauve of the latter was-
“Naty pHective, while” Blue Gem gave. the
impression Sols E giwut. erect. Forget-me-Not.
Ok ‘¢onsiderabla hari. :
^A the. Embankimeut. didi aE ‘the, ዝሎ tent.
| እነጂ. das, CARTER AND Coa. * an excellent
Bis a of — Pene DNE —

ti ን) a p

THE.

thax “Carter's
—

መ large”

ogether. - cya. cu :

, mahogany- - ne E.

po RAE Gee

(aci Ben "Hoyston; ; EE
quew c dos “New Amber

GA RDB NER s :

\ oad: ——— rent. $ Sall
elegant- hreuty- Naam
posed at: "Sciszanthus,: Brella ‘ieee —
“otter plante linked - Bp. hymn. udd gi reb
pink, ampie Perune Queso 6f the: 2
ከከ undulatod - derose the middle a pue
Jara: group. — the | front “were placed:
pono groupe i 71 ከ ክጩደ

:,16ና3በር09 Pew. PUPA
yond) ‘Goliath Jee. 153): ‘aad bhos.
od nale, both. 65 regards the:
and. ‘cultivation: - Alans. the: — =
“grip was. placed a,
regnat. Kily-ot-the-Valley ju pete, - E
TE perry: collection - en two አመመ t
but ll Jurgec: -tina "antsiued- the-
wxeelent Sweet dated.

which. we: Bast”

| elaewliere;. ‘Behizanthius, Dhrtoly Trisha, ነክር |
o£ theirs: |

“Bouquet: 6018 dish ፪ |
በፎ. well. lowered — nt arios Fdo y
end. Antirrhinuma 1 —

«
1
^

tira

làng; Praes. es ES

"n

(ors eo ላ f A A 'ፈፈ፤'
Ce ak, a Od 1 FAST,

89. am በ185 "nont ANH 068. exer
AUD — AT CHELSEA «80.

ረ t

; TOME nouis of — oF: hast! BS
zm Airehids. by "an amateur, | Au a
"deme በህ: EC jperfeet.. dori and - ———

eint and Siellars Cinsvarida, bardio count:

Ce Beh up against one of Vue «des of
; “tent by Messrs, Eowaxt Whos CANY: —
with good | groups of othe

088፡. 201066:
"roba. Chosiniss, -

larg é-flowered — herban
“liria mE cnmdernble

NeroBaibs pnd: “other plants. avigeh PURA dm I e

raised: irom eei: the. whole. Peaking. A Jue

group. ob በየበሸኗፌ fert. Medo

On n. aor spes he. "Orchid. teri
Mesas. “Warmers me: A Sr cado Gs
| በ«ሂክርክ - group | e. — planis | am
Yen-nel-- pe 97. Schigunthus: Dr. E
Berain. übustreted suporb” |
ofa — — Simin whith, produces ener.

mous. anüs 4 ange flowers JA ልይ
| alraost.- besddering variety ከ፲ culgurg: : 36 -
point Cof osse ob ihr- planta- there On ለ:
great. difference between the’ Torepoiig agd:

-Aha a renal — is dese A ሪን

URONIC ፡፡

ami ‘plan aoe showed 'ከ% E በለየ Fr rbd.
Nootarinen, Plows, - out a deep: ቂንፀ0-1፡070/841, Route - Clarks. - E ed TOO be mnia

Back, dee: Mesi W.
E E dug 5855)

were - i

; “group (excluding Orchids). to
EATS Carnations,

ዘር 56: ‘the [Host D

— tor Be T

Ms R ቪያ

| “ደዋ (Bion ui

es e =

ie» pieni not mora than a foot high is
ved ; Rose “pete and smothered’, ith.

Jddomeum ot meny 'ovelv shades sf celqur, ^
Reed: 11,866. DE: Bekaina / SX vonas. OA
a — ee Sera

‘eeu the c BrAkENEY
| ይወ“ ከበ. “Sobizantioss .. €
eee dn A small group. ን ክር ያ

| AWARDS BY.

"Boat: | ጠርበው
io Mr. ia Examrwásw,

— rupi: Cup Tar, tie

257 Daily” Graphic” t p. Mes aue ben 866.
Barden, í ta Mr Orie? Wire BOG
“በ. ‘Cup, for. thie beat — dy

oss v ሕክ Bus
i — m

J he

Ei

ur. gàrettoventsa: um

Pirated P^ RUN Dir dar. dies bát. exhibit”
bo Uto
“esepeding H square Íeob Oily: thse. “ray 2
«/eompte "who pipio "not morm: thar. tire
Mesintanoe ni Orchid fase Jmeldding = XB

“ይባ, Bags let
We MED. Staraford. oe PE Š

ites

SME F À

, SREOAE- Am. — aa ite
“wdi — Hagh ‘for the: Dak ap

vof Dariations: ን Bec Rp amateur to.
Bie — MN. 8:6. UBER. Ms Pa
— fee me

3 — T AVLEN ann CD. a "dons ONE
AES JACDUNACP. Jor gram garden 00
* Veron Bnos, lora formal dinedenc. SY
aa @ tarnai: TERI Missao oo :!
“Dower: ARV D | Ms foro Talpas Mink
UG de YABI ፲27 1፡47.., dang dor frati Moser: NAT
ነ — Brrnseharriós (Mane Fosse) :

C PN

Cowan AND Co.. for Orchids; Messrs. STUART
Low AND Co., for Orchids; Mr. H. BROOR,
for a rock garden ; Messrs. PULHAM AND SON,
for a rock garden; H. T. Pitt, Esq. (gr.
Mr. F. W. Thurgood), for Orchids; Messrs.
OLIVER AND HUNTER, for alpine plants;
Messrs. R. AND G. CUTHBERT, for Azaleas;
Messrs. KosTER AND Sons, for Rhododendrons
and Azaleas; Mr. G. REvTHE, for Shrubs:
Messrs. HILLIER and Soxs, for rare shrubs;
Mr. Amos Perry, for Ferns and hardy plants:
Messrs. E. WEBB AND Sons, for a miscellaneous

group; H. B. Branpt, Esq. (gr. Mr. H.
Cook), for Caladiums.
MEDALS.

Gold Medal and Congratulatens.-lo Mr.
C. ENGELMANN, for Carnations: Messrs.
CHARLESWORTH and Co., for Orchids: Messrs.
DoBBIE AND Co, LTD., for Sweet Peas:
Lady ABERCONwAY and the Hon. H. D.
MACLAREN, for Primulas.

Gold Medals.—To Mr. E. J. Hicks, for

Roses; Messrs. R. WALLACE AND Co., for a
formal garden; Messrs. JAS. CARTER AND Co..
for a formal garden; Messrs. BARR AND Sons.
for bulbous and herbaceous plants; Messrs.
ALLWOOD Bros., for Carnations and Dianthi ;
Major The Hon. Sir Joun Warb (gr. Mr.
C. Beckett), for fruit; the Hon. VicARY GIBBS
(gr. Mr. E. Beckett), for vegetables; Mr.
G. G. WurrELEGG, for a rock garden; Sir
JEREMIAH COLMAN, Bt. (gr. Mr. J. Collier),
for Orchids ; Messrs. R. W. WALLACE AND Co.,
for Rhododendrons, Lilies and Irises; Messrs.
BLACKMORE AND LaNGDON, for Begonias;
Messrs. G. BuNYARD and Co., Lro., for Irises :
Messrs. JAS. CARTER AND Co., for Cinerarias,
Gloxinias and other greenhouse plants; Messrs.
L. R. RUSSELL, Lro., for stove and greenhouse
plants; Messrs. SUTTON AND Sows. for Antir-
rhinums and other flowering plants: Mr.
H. J. Jones, for Hydrangeas.

Silver-Gilt Lindley Medal.—To A. C. Bur-
RAGE, Esq., for hardy Cypripediums.

Silver-Gilt Flora Medal.—To Messrs. W. Cut-
BUSH AND Son, for Roses; Messrs. BAKERS.
for a formal garden; Messrs. R. AND G.
CUTHBERT, for an Azalea garden; Mr. ERNEST
Dixon, for a formal garden; Mr. W. A.
WaTrS, for Tulips; Mr. H. G. LONGFORD,
for Tulips; Mr. CLARENCE ELLIOTT, for a
rock garden; Messrs. J. CyPHER AND SONS,
for Orchids ; Messrs. MANSELL AND HATCHER,
for Orchids; Mr. H. HEÉEMSsLEY, for alpine
plants; Messrs. W. H. ROGERS AND Son,
Lrp., for alpine plants; Messrs. G. JONES
AND INGWERSEN, for alpine and other plants ;
Messrs. R. TUCKER AND Sons, for alpine and
herbaceous plants; Mr. CLARENCE ELLIOTT,
for alpine and herbaceous plants; Dr. J.
McWatt, for Primulas; EXECUTORS of the
late Mr. ANTHONY WATERER, for shrubs;
Messrs. WATERER, SONS AND Crisp, for

shrubs; THE DoNARD NURSERY COMPANY,
for flowering shrubs, ete.; Mr. R. C.
NorcUTT, for shrubs: THE YOKOHAMA

Nursery Company, for Japanese dwarf trees
and miniature gardens ; Messrs. A. CHARLTON

AND Sons, for shrubs; Messrs. W. FRomMow
AND Sons, for Japanese Maples: Messrs.
L. R. RcssELL Lrp., for Maples and
climbing plants: Messrs. G. JACKMAN AND
Son, for Clematis; Mr. F. G. Woop, for
herbaceous plants; Messrs. W. CUTBUSH AND
Son, for Hydrangeas; Messrs. WATERER.

Sons AND CRISP, for herbaceous plants and
shrubs.

Silver-gilt. Banksian Medul.—To Messrs. B.
R. CANT AND Sons, for Roses; Messrs. R.
H. Batu. LTD., for Tulips: Messrs. STUART
Low AND Co. for Carnations; Mr. JAMES
DovaLaAs, for Carnations: Messrs BAKERS,
for alpine plants: Messrs. BOWELL. AND
SKARRATT, for alpine plants; Messrs. M.
PRICHARD AND SONS, for alpine plants;
Messrs. CARTER PAGE AND Co., for alpine
plants; Messrs. MAXWELL AND BEALE, for
alpine plants; Messrs. PRICHARD AND Co.,
for alpine plants; Mr. E. ScaAPLEHORN. for
hardy plants; Mr. W. H. WALTERS. for
Fritillarias, Cypripediums, «te. ; Messrs. 7.

THE GARDEN ERS

CHEAL AND. SONS, for ornamental . shrubs;
Messrs. W. CUTBUSH AND Son, for clipped
trees and shrubs; Messrs. STUART Low AND
Co., for shrubs; Messrs. R. GIL AND SON,
for flowering and other shrubs. Mr. H. N.
ELuison, for Ferns, etc.; Messrs. B.
LADHAMS, LTD., for hardy plants; Messrs. 3.
PEED AND Son, for stove and greenhouse

plants; Messrs. M. PRICHARD AND Son, for
herbaceous plants; Mr. E. SCAPLEHORN, for
herbaceous plants; Messrs. STORRIE AND.

STORRIE, for hardy plants; Messrs. WATKINS
AND Simpson. for Schizanthuses; Messrs. W.
ARTINDALE AND Son. for Violas and Marigolds ;
Messrs. BEES, LTD., for hardy and other
plants: Messrs. BLACKMORE AND LANGDON,
for Delphiniums; Messrs. CARTER PaGE AND
Co., for Dahlias; THE CHALK HILL NURSERIES,
for miscellaneous plants; Mr. ALFRED DAWKINS,
for Schizanthuses, etc.; Messrs. DE. GOEDE
Bros., for Irises and Anemones; THE ORPING-
TON NURSERIES Co., for Irises; Messrs.
Toogoop AND Sons, LTD., for Irises and
Tulips; Messrs. FroRY AND Buack, for
Orchids; Messrs. ALEX DICKSON AND SONS.
LTD., for Sweet Peas; and Mr. S. SMITH, for
Cacti, etc.

Silver Hogg Medal.—To Messrs. T. RIVERS
AND SON, for fruit trees in pots.

Silver Knightian Medal.—To Messrs. SUTTON
AND Sons, for Potatos.

Silver Flora Medal.—Messrs. F. CANT AND Co.,
for Roses; Messrs. W. PAUL AND Sons,
for Roses; Messrs. W. Woop AND Son,
for a formal garden; Mr. H. CLARKE, for
Violas ; Messrs. HEwETT AND Co, for
Delphiniums; Messrs.. JARMAN AND Co. for
Pelargoniums; THE MAYTHAM GARDENS, for cut
flowers; Mr. G. A. MILLER, for herbaceous
plants and shrubs; Mr. Wa. YANDELL, for
Violas; Messrs. SMAIL and Co., for herbaceous
and alpine plants; Mr. W. WELLs, Junr. ,for
herbaceous and alpine. plants; Messrs. J.
CHEAL and Sons, for a formal garden; Messrs.
W. H. GAZE and Son, for a formal garden;
JOHNSTONE-GARDEN CONTRACTORS, Ltp., for
a formal garden; Messrs. MAXWELL AND
BEALE, for a formal garden; Messrs. J. R.
PEARSON AND Sons, for Tulips; THE MayTHAM
GARDENS, for Tulips; EXECUTORS of the late

Sir W. Cary, for Carnations; Messrs. W.
CuTBUSH AND Son, for a rock garden ;
Mr. H. DIXON, for Orchids ; Messrs.

SANDERS, for Orchids; Miss S. THOMPSON,
for Cacti; THE BACKHOUSE NURSERIES, Iro., for
alpine plants; Messrs. J. CHEAL AND Sons,

for alpine plants; THE ALDERSEY HorTI-
CULTURAL COLLEGE, for Primulas; CENTRAL
GARDEN SUPPLIES, LTD., for alpines; Messrs.

SHEPPARDS, for alpine plants; Messrs. SKELTON
AND KırBY, for a rock garden; Mr. R. V.
RoGERrs, for alpino plants; Messrs. N. J.
ENDTZ AND Co., for shrubs; Mr. T. Lewis,
for shrubs; Mr. W. C. SLococx, for shrubs:
Mr. C. TURNER, for shrubs; Messrs. W.
WATSON AND Sons, for shrubs; Messrs. R.
GREEN, LTD., for Bay trees and Palms.

Silver Banksian Medal—To the Rev. J.
H. PEMBERTON, for Roses; Mr. G. PRINCE,
for Roses; HORSECOMBE QUARRIES AND STONE
Works, for a formal garden: Mr. J. KLINKERT,
for topiary and formal garden; Messrs. E.
PAUL AND Co., for Tulips; Messrs. K. LUXFORD
AND Co., for Carnations; Messrs. Hopsoxs,
for a rock Garden; Messrs. G. JONES AND

INGWERSON, for a rock garden; Messrs. R.
BOLTON AND Son, for Sweet Peas; G. H.
Crow, Esq. (gr. Mr. A. Tingley), for alpine
plants: Mr.. G. REUTHE, for alpine plants;

Miss K. HoPKINsoN, for alpine plants; Messrs.
HARRODS, LTD., for shrubs; Mr. T. CARLILE,
for herbaceous plants; Messrs. G. GIBSON AND
Co., for herbaceous plants; Messrs. W. J.
GODFREY AND Son, for Pelargoniums, and
also one for Schizanthus; THE MAYTHAM
GARDENS, for herbaceous and alpine plants ;
Messrs. REAMSBOTTOM AND Co., for Anemones:
Messrs. RicH AND Co., for hardy plants.

Hogg Medal.—To V. C. VICKERS,
Mr. W. Watkins), for Raspberries.

Bronze

Esq. (gr.

CH RONICLE. |

May 23,

Bronze Flora Medal.—To Mr. E. DIXON.

for alpine plants and a rock garden: Mr. G.

(3. WHITELEGG, for shrubs; Mr. R. J. Cas E.

for Pelargoniums, and Messrs. J. CHEAL any
Sons, for Dahlias.

1925.

gurderes®
shrubs-
sundries

*.* Our remarks on the formal
hardy plants and flowers, trees and
educational exhibits and horticultural
will be published in the next issue.

-- " መሙ- -- ሙ።- መጨ =- -፦ -.- — — —

ROYAL GARDENERS’ ORPHAN FUND.

THE annual festival dinner of the Royal
Gardeners’ Orphan Fund, held on Wed-
nesday, May 13, resulted in a sum of over
one thousand guineas being raised for the
benefits of the orphans. Sir Alfred Mond.
Bt., whose portrait is published on page
346, presided, and the company included
many noted horticulturists. An account of
the proceedings will be published in our
next issue.

*.* We regret that owing to great pressure
upon our space we are compelled to hold
over our report of the Truro Flower Show.

Obituary.

Wiliam Markham.—It is with much regret
that we have to announce the death of
Mr. William Markham (better known to
many under the name of Kelk), who was
in the employment of Messrs. Protheroe and
Morris for fifty-three years, and was actively
engaged up to a year ago. He was seventy-
one years of age. It was just after the
Ashtead sale in May 1924 that he had a
breakdown, and though he resumed his
duties for a little while he never completely
recovered, and for the past six months had
been confined to his bed. Mr. Markham
was very well-known among Orchid growers
and fanciers, and, to a lesser extent, amongst
nurserymen in the home counties. He had
a remarkable memory, and it could almost
be said of him that he never forgot a
plant when once he had seen it. His
interest in Orchids commenced at a time
when the collection of these plants was
almost in its infancy, and he witnessed
most of the sensational happenings of the
boom period, about which he could always
relate many interesting anecdotes. In
addition, he had a widely extensive know-
ledge of horticulture generally, and few
people could name correctly so many different
plants.

ANSWERS TO - CORRESPONDENTS.

NAMES OF PLANTS: J. B. Lathraea squa-
maria. <A. B. 1. Fritillaria imperialis; 2.
Alyssum saxatile : 3, Berberis Darwinij; 4.
not recognised; .5, Acer palmatum (Japanese
Maple); 6, Veronica species: 7, Polygonatum
multiflorum; 8, Griselinia littoralis; 9, Deut-
zia gracilis; 10, Lupinus polyphyllus ; 11.
Epimedium pinnatum; 12, Cerastium Bieber-
steini ; 13, Delphinium species; 14, send
when in flower. J. E. 1, Phillyrea decora;
2. Coleus thyrsoides; 3. a fasciated Poly-
anthus; 4, a form of Acer palmatum, the
Japanese Maple.

Pansies: V. KE. ር. Although Pansies and
Violas may show considerable variation, or
even reversion. when cultivated — under
different conditions, we think some mistake

has been made with regard to your No. 2

variety. We can hardly imagine that

No. 1 has reverted to No. 2.
Communications Received.—k. A. W.—W. H. B.
j. M.—A. M.—W. 11. B--K. A. ክ፪.---'. T~

ED d

May 23, 1925.

MARKETS.

cannot accept any responsibility for the subjoined
reports. They are furnished to us regularly every
Tuesday by the kindness of several of the principal
salesmen, who are responsible for the quotations.
It must be remembered that. these quotations do
not represent the prices on any particular. day,
but only the general average for the week preceding

We

the date of our report. The prices depend upon
the quality of the samples, the way in which they
are packed. the supply in the market, and the

deniand, and they may fluctuate, not oniy from
dav to day, but occasionally several times in the
claw .—Ebs.

COVENT GARDEN, Tüesday. May 8th, 1925.
Plants in Pots, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.

(ላቨ 48's except where otherwise stated).

Adiantum s d.s.d. ' s.d. s. d.
euneatunm Crotons, per doz. 40 0-45 0
per doz. ... 19 0-13 0 ; »

Cyrtomium . 10 0-25 0

—vlegzuns ... 010 0-12 0 :

: : : Erica melanthera.

Aralia Sieboldi... 9 0-10 0 44's per doz. i *1 0-30 0

Araucarias, per — ብዐ'ጾ per doz. 8 0-10 0
doz. n ... 90 0-42 0 | :

' |. Marguerites, white,

Asparagus — plu- ! 48'85 per doz. ... 15 0-18 0
niosts ... 12 0-18 0 |

Nephrolepis, in

)
—Nprengeri 12 0-18 0 variety... . 12 0-18 0

Aspidistra, green 36 0-60 0 | —32's ... 24 0-36 0
Asplenium, per | Palms, Kentia ... 30 0-48 0
ae IE E oa |. i's ... 13 0-18 0
—nidus ... .. 120-13,9 Pteris. in variety 10 0-15 0
Cacti. eTo trav, © large 60's 250-600
pun jog ከውን). ad —small 40-50
—lL275 3.5 S000 07 0 0 i Xu per tray
Cinerarias, doz. 15 0-24 0 of 13 ... 26-30

Cut Flowers, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.
Adiantum deco- s. 11. =. d.
rum. doz. bun. IR 0-24 0
cuneatum, per
doz. bun.
Asparagus plu-
mosus, per bun.

s. d. s. d.
Orchids, per doz.
—Cattlevas ... 24 0-36 በ
—Cypripediums ... 50-70
Richardias (Arums)
per doz.

te

}
|
[
0-15 0 |
|

ን U- 60

long trails. 6's 20-30 |! Roses, per doz.
med. sprays ... 1626: blooms, Rich-
short — .. ብ. OW DS: mond ... 26-46
ty - 1 እ . .) 2 1
—sprengeri, per bun. —Liberty... — .. 246-486
138 sprays ... 16-20; Madame Butter-
med... .. 16-16 | fly ብ... SH £0
short. .. OF 10) —Mme. Abel
-ardi -hite Chatenay .. 206390
Souvardia. white. , » —Melody `.. s 30-40
per doz. bun... 90-12 Molly” Sharman
Carnations, — per Crawford . 20-36
doz. blooms ... 26-36 . —Niphetos .. 2636
Cornflower, per © — Ophelia ... . 30-46
doz. bun 26-60 ! —Sunburst . 5 0-40

s an? fs d -a
Croton leaves, Gardenias, per

var. doz. leaves በ 8-20 box, 12's, IRs, 4060
Fern, French, per ' Ruscus, French,

doz. bun. Qy- 1.3 per bun. ብ 1 0-29
Galax. American, | Smilax, per doz, | —

green and bronze. trails ... e 350-36

per doz. bun... — 10 Spanish Iris, per
Gladiolus. Blush- doz, bun.— f

ing Bride. per —Blue .. ..180-390

doz. bun. . 1ጸ 0-24 0 —Mauve አ አኳ 18 Wier 0
— White, per doz. MS Wee: e EE | —

bun sop ee ROO | arc NO quo.
zo hc Aaa, Statice, mauve ... 2 0-60

ቭ 4 D , * *

per doz. bun. ... 18 0-21 0 | Stephanotis, per | -—
(sv sophila. white. ነን RENE prm “ቁኖ —

doz. bun. , 20-50 | Stock, English — :
Iceland Poppies... c9 2201 E NE ቺ m ste 9 0-18 0
Ixia. red. doz. bun. 3 0-30 | ' Moe TUM B 8 o-is 0
—Mixed, doz. bun. 30-40) 7 ' i T .
Lilium speciosum i 1 Wins እ

rubium. long. —Haarlem .. 90-100

per doz. blooms -- —
—short ዛ. ve — —

Lilium longitloriuim
long. per doz. ...
Lily -of-the-Valley.

per doz. bun. ... 24 0 36 0
Nurcissus—
—Double White.

per doz. bun. ...
—Pocticus, — per

doz. bun. .. 20 50
Nigella, Blue. per | : , :

doz. bun. 2120-1020 Marigolds, per pad o (ኑ- 6 U

—Clara Butt ... 060-580
--Farncombe

"ander, per doz.

bun. m 8 0-10 0

Violas, perdoz.bun, | 0- 1 8

3 6- 46

French Flowers—

Anemone, St.
Brigid... .. 26-50

Marguerite, yellow,
per pad...

SN 0-10 0

6 0- 7 0

REMARKS. -Supplies of out-door blooms bave increased
cousiderably during the last few days. ‘Tulips in particular
exceeded the demand on Friday aud saturday last, but
the present weather conditious will bring them to a finish
by the end of the present week. Narcissus Poeticus arrived
in large quantities at the week-end. Double White
Narcissus is daily increasing in quantity and prices are on
the down grade, although there is always a good demand
lor this useful varietv. Consigninents of this flower were
received this morning trom the Chaunel Islands and further
supplies ure expected from other sources in a few days.
Carnations, Irises, and Roses. all show the effect of the
sudden rise in temperature. Gladioli are becoming more
numerous and much improved in quality. The Bride
(white) is a very useful flower just now. The quantities

THE

of Lilium longiflorum are more than sufficient for present
requirements. L. speciosum, both white and coloured.
is not available at the present time. The newest subjects
in this department are Cornflowers. Iceland Poppies, and
single, coloured Pyrethrums. Gypsophila elegans is arriving
in good condition from home growers. French flowers
are almost unsaleable when they arrive here, and all
supplles from this «quarter will soon finish for the

season.

Fruit : Average Wholesale Prices.
Apples— s. d. s. d.
—Oregon Grape Fruit,

town .,. 13 0-19 0 Cuban . 25 0-30 0

New Zealand Apples— —Jamaica... ... 25 0-30 0

s. d. s. d.
New-

—(Cox's Orange —Florida. finest... 27 6-37 6

Pippin . ሠ) 0-28 0 Lemons. Messina,
—Jonathan .. 18 0-20 0 per box... ... 10 0-14 0
—Dunn’s Seedling 10 0-18 0 | —Murcia ... — ... 16 0-20 0
Tasmanian Pears 3 0- 8 0 —Naples ... ... 20 0-30 0
Tasmanlan— Melons (Forced) 30-80
—(Cox's Orange | : nS

Pippin 18 0-25 0 Oranges, Jaffa... 16 0-18 0
—Jonathan — ... 16 0-19. 0 | —Spanish— የ
—Ribston Pippin 15 0-17 0 | —300's —
-('ሁስ . ... ... 16 0-19 0 | ”3ሠ0 x svg AN — 0
—Others .. ..13 0-15 0 | —94s ... 18 0725 0

ም ችን 6 ሀ-37 6 English Peaches,
pana M mu i ርፍ : . per doz. 12 0-42 0
Figs (Foreed) doz. 6 0-18 0 | Pear South
* Ss ,.

Orapes— , African—
—Belsian ... e 0260-30 Nes ... . 35060
— English— ; —Beurr: Bose... 3 0-80
—Hambro. per Ib. 4 (- ጋ 0 —Do yenne d u
—Museat ... ... 10 0-12 6 Comice .. .. 8 0-10 0
—South African— Pines 16 5(
—White Hanepoot 6 0-10 0 nes 250
—Red Hanepoot 8 0-10 0 Strawberries, per
—Colmar ... ... 10 0-12 0 ]b. Ae 4 100

Vegetables: Average Wholesale prices.

s. d. 5. d. : s. d. s. d.
Asparagus— i Mint, Forced, per
—Eversham 20-36. doz. ... . 20-850
—Spectal ... 10-80 ! Onions, Valencia.
— Devon 4 0-10 0 | per case ... 14 0-16 0
Beans, Guernsey, | * priam per —€—
per Ib... ... 0 10-156 | | English, perewt. 12 6-14 0
—Worthing ~. 0 107 16 | Spring per doz. — 3 በ
—Madeira, per " Parsnips, per ewt. 30-40
box ... ... 30-90 | Peas, French, per
Beets, per ewt... 50-80 cane EN: .. 20-60
Cabbage, per tally 7 6-10 0 | Es forced UT
Canary Island Pétatos- "Canary
Tomatos ... 1ኮ 0-30 በ Island ` 10 0-140
Cauliflowers, per Potatos, per ton—
doz. . 26-40, —Dunbar .. 240 0-260 0
ር Ae: « 2
Carrots, new, per —king Edward 200 0-240 0
doz. bun 40-80 | —Others ... — 90 0-160 0
i i —New Guernsey ]b. 0 4- 0 6
Cucumbers, per ..1 —Jersey .. 04-05
doz. .... .. 46-60 | |. sey otoi
—Flats, 36's, 42's 14 0-18 0 | - Spanish, new,
Dutch Onions ... 11 0-12 0 per cwt. | 94 0-26 0
—Batavian, per Radishes—
doz. |... ... 909-326 | —Round .. ... 10-20
French Asparagus— Rhubarb, Forced,
—Cavaillon . 0609 per doz. C 13-16
— Lauris Bete 0 10- 1 6 EL Natural," per
Greens, best, per ፪ doz. ... — TET
bag ss .. $050 | Seakale, Natural,
Horseradisb. per | |-sieve ... .. "ሀ-80
bundle ... . 20626 Spinach, per bushel 3 0— 4 0
Leeks, per doz. Tomatos, English,
bundle ... 20-26 yer [ከ.---
Lettuce per doz. — ፦ — Pink 13 0-14 0
—(Cos * .. 50-90 —Blue ... ... 12 0-13 0
—Dutch, per —White ... ... 12 0-13 0
erate . .. «0-86 —Pink White ... 13 0-14 0
Mushrooms, cups 20-2060 — (Guernsey 13 0-11 0
—broilers ... .. 1 0-16 Turnips, new, per
Marrows, doz.... 6 0-12 0 doz. bun. 9 0-10 0

REMARKS.—The past week has seen a very considerable
inerease in the volume of business transacted in Covent
Garden Market. The fine weather has, no doubt, been
a factor, and the commencement of the London. season
usually means a brighter demand for the choice garden
produce. Australian and New Zealand Apples continue
in good demand. Grapes and Pears from South Africa
have sold at satisfactory prices. Oranges and Lemons
have gone out at higher prices. the warm = weather
inereasing the demand for these fruits. Green Goose-
berries have been a fairly good business where conditions
were good but some marks have not stood the hot
weather well. English. Asparagus has been the feature
of the week but, unfortunately for the producer. prices
opened at a poor level due to the low price of imported
Asparagus and the very large quantity of English-grown
heads that came to hand rapidly. An improvement in
this departmedt is expected. Forced. Beans are. cheaper.
but hothouse-grown Peas are in firm request. New Potatos
from the Scilly Isles, Cornwall and the Channel Islands

are quoted cheaper. Salads are much in demand. Trade
in Cucumbers and Tomatos 15 brisk.
GLASGOW.

Price movements in the cut. flower market were
very irregular last week, and while Roses, Carna-
tions. and [other indoor blooms did not suffer to
any great extent, Tulips and Daffodils slumped
heavily. From 3- 16 6- per dozen bunches, which
represent the average values for W ednesday, the
two latter flowers dropped to 2- and Z/6 on Friday,

when the lowest levels of the week were touched.
As a result of the warm spell of weather, the
towers were soft and short-stemmed, while the fact

GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

xi.

of the 15th being term and settlement day and the
near approach of the annual holiday on Monday
were influences which also contributed to the decline.

Daflodils, which are almost finished for the season.
averaged 26 to 4- per dozen, but special blooms
of Glory made from 4- to 56. Irises were in
fair demand. and Imperator sold at 2- and 2.6

for 12's. Belle Chinoise 2- to 2,3,
specials sd. to 10d. for 6's,
7d. Carnations were cheaper at 4- 10 5- for
special, while medium qualities kept steady at 3-
to 39. Prices of Ophelia and Madame Abel Chantenay
Roses ranged from 4- to 6- per dozen; Richmond
2:06 to 4-; and Mrs. H. Stevens 3- to 46.
Gypsophila fluctuated between 7d. and 10d. per bunch,
und Asparagus Fern 10d. to 16. |

and Guernsey
and ordinary 60. to

Consignments of bedding plants were heavy. and
prices continued low. Marfgolds and — Polyanthus
returning 1- to 13 per box, Violas 13 to 18.
Asters and Stocks 1 3. Wallflowers 16, Geraniums
(pots) 7- to R- per dozen, Spiraeas 19 10 23,
Aspidistra and Belgian Araucaria 1- to 13.

Business in the fruit market was brisker. English
and = Scotch Strawberries realised from 3 6 to 6 -

per 15.. Peaches from 18- to 24- per dozen, and
Slack Hamburgh and Royal Grapes from 36 to 46
per lb. Winesap at 16- to 186 per case was
the only American Apple on sale, but the deficiency

was made up by Jonathan, Cleopatra, — Ribston
Pippin. and = Sturmer Pippin from Australia, which
averaged 176 to 20-. Cape Pears favoured buyers,
Winter Nelis and Josephine d'Malines averaging
6- to ና. Beurr Diel 56 to 06, Beurre Bosc.
6- to 66, Keiffer 3.6 to 46, and Glou Morceau

96 to 7-. Australian) Beurré Bose made 7 - to 76,
and Williams's Bon Chretien 76 to 9-. Grape
Fruit was firm at 32- to 34- (64x) and 36- to
38,- (70's), The consumption of Oranges continues
steady. Murcias ranging from 19- to ?3- for 300
and 240. and 18/- to 20- for 504 and 420, while
Valencia 200, 300, 240, and 360 brought ፡14'6 to 30 -,
and 42) 14- to 2ጾ-. |
A feature of the vegetable

section was the good
trade done in English $

Tomatos round 1-4 and 16
per Ib. Guernsey supplies were cheaper at 1.33.
Forced Rhubarb is finished: field Rhubarb realised
14- to 16- cwt. Large quantities of Asparagus
changed hands at 1- and 12 per bundle. but the
dear prices of other vegetables is affecting the con-
sumption. French Carrots sold at 10d., Turnips at
l- 10 12, Asparagus, Special, at 1:9 to 23, Endive
3.4 Artichokes 1 6 to 1,9, Scotch Lettuce 26 to 3:-.
English and Dutch Lettuces. 2- to 2,9. Scotch
Cucumbers declined 1- at 3- to R- per dozen,
but English Cucumbers made from 8- to 89.

TRADE NOTE.

Mrssrs. RICHARD MELHUISH, LTD., have
made a clear, transparent, celluloid covering
to slip over a wooden label so as to
protect the writing from the weather. 11
should serve its purpose admirably but we
think the wide celluloid covering increases
the obviousness of the label snd in many
gardens the label is considered a necessary
evil.

SCHEDULES RECEIVED.

LINCOLNSHIRE AGRICULTURAL SHOW. — Horticultural
Exhibition to be held at Grantham, on June 24, 25, and
256.—Secretary, Mr. W. A. Watchorn, 130, Grantham
Road, Sleaford.

PETERBOROUGH AGRICULTURAL SoCIETY.—Summer ex-
hibition to be held on Tuesday, Wednesday. and
Thursday, July 14. 15. and 16.—Secretary, Mr. Robert
Bibby, Agricultural Office, Cross Strect, Peterborough.

SOUTHPORT FLOWER SHOW.—Exhibition to be held in
the Victoria Pack, Rotten Row, Southport, on Wednes-
day. Thursday. and Friday, August 260, 27, and =።.---
Secretary. Mr. T. E. Wolstenholme, Town Hall.
Southport.

WEYMOUTH AND DISTRICT CHRYSANTHEMUM SOCIETY.—
Twelfth exhibition to be held in the Sidney Hal.
Weymouth, on Tuesday and Wednesday, October 27 and
28.—Secretary, Mr. J. €. Bowers, 4, Wooperton Terrace,
Weymouth.

`
-

n

E

FERNS AND FERN CULTUR

Mr. J. Birkenhead’s little book, so fascinatin
in its simplicity, and in the completeness an
clearness of its information, can still be
obtained at

i

1/4 post free.

Everyone who loves Ferns should have a copy
of this little volume, which is worth far more
than its very low price.

GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, LTD.
5, Tavistock St., Covent Garden, W.C. 3.

TTT MO T

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New gardens. designed. arid’. Vk aut.
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6 ARDENI NG ፡፡ -

ORNAMENTAL 1 TREES AND SHRUBS
Of which <a large: ;etock, health, 61-87888, and i 18 cerent variety 2
. às to be Seen w Crawley, ——— m M dE ያያ

HARDY | FLOWERS. AND. ALPINE PLANTS |
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DAHLIAS | 5. ETIN Je
ገ. tl os unique “collection. grown a Crawley
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outdoors. | e dT NEA x

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| ts E Soi i oer Me xi. Affairs barren ue Tins’ at Ate 61d | — E : | PLANTS.

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— —— — ው መባ

-— —Á ም CRX SAPE" MENO CS Pa dB ገቸ ዓን ማጃ ER ner

xiv.

THE GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE.

May 23, 1925

SITUATIONS VACANT

Twenty words (or three lines including headline),

4s., and 18. for every succeeding eight words (or

line or portion thereof). Fee for having replies
addressed to this office, 18.

Advertisers desiring ther Advertisements
repeated must give full particulars,
otherwise no notice can be taken of their
communications. Name and address alone
are insufficient.

Gardeners writing to Advertisers of Vacant
Situations are recommended to send them
copies of testimonials only, retaining . the

originals. To part with original documents
means to run a great risk of thar being

When addressing Box numbers, it is essential
to give the initials or pseudonym, as well as

the correct number of the box.

MUNICIPAL AND PUBLIC.

CARNARVONSHIRE AGRICULTURAL COMMITTEE
MADRYN CASTLE FARM SCHOOL.

PPLICATIONS are invited for the post
of HORTICULTURAL INSTRUCTOR to give
instruction at the School and to conduct Classes, Lectures
and Demonstrations throughout the county; knowledge
of Welsh desirable. Salary £200 per annum and travelling
; Applications endorsed ** Horticultural
Instructor” should be forwarded on or before the 8th
June, 1925, to the undersigned, from whom full particulars
can be obtained.

DAVID G. JONES,
Clerk to the Committee.
County Offices,
Carnarvon,
12th May, 1925.

PRIVATE.

H> GARDENER required, experienced
in herbaceous borders, rock-plants and flowering
shrubs, and capable of minang a garden and staf o
considerable 8155, wages ዴን with house.—Apply by letter
only, SECRETARY, 41 Grosvenor Place, 8.W

ANTED. HEAD WORKING GAR-

DENER, where four hands are kept.—Apply,

stating wages, age, and other particulars to C. E.
Hail Place, Maidenhead.

ANTED, GARDENER who has had
good, practical experience and some training at
one of the horticultural centres: must. be able to teach
and train boys; up-to-date knowledge of poultry a
recommendation. Salary £150 per annum.—Apply, stating
age, qualifications, copies of testimonials, ete., to the
SUPERINTENDENT, Weston Training School, near
Leamington Spa.

|]. ERIENCED, SINGLE - HANDED
GARDENER required, boy kept; small green-

house; able 4-roomed — cottage.—MRS.

NEWMAN, Henley-on-Thames.

wash
Harpsden

ear;
Wood,

ANTED, for Hants, thoroughly-experi-

enced SINGLE-HANDED GARDENER,
quick, intelligent, and hard-working; wages
weekly without cottage; good references: young and
energetic—L. W., Box 20, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden

ANTED for Channel Islands, GARDENER,
SINGLE-HANDED; experienced market Gar-
dening, glasshouse work; highest references essential;
cottage available—BARTELS & CURTIS, Guernsey.

ANTED, Married MAN, active. energetic,

and trustworthy. to live in; bothy; work Inside

and Out; produce principally sold.—State age and wages
required to C. MASTERS, Woodhall Gardens, Hertford.

ARDENER, unmarried or widower, ፲6-
quired for Country House in Derbyshire, about 40;
experienced; good references necessary; another kept.—
Apply, B. S. H., Box 25, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

V ANTED, SECOND GARDENER, for
Inside and Out, Wife to attend lodge gate;
alternate weekly and third Sunday duty.—Apply, stating
age, full particulars of experlence, and wages required,
wie lodge and garden, to GARDENER, Shockerwick,
atn.

ANTED, SECOND GARDENER, kitchen

gardens, grounds, capable take charge of glass,

wages 32/-, good longe. Appiy with copies of testi-

, HEAD GARDENER, Hafodunos Llangerniew,
Abergele, N. Wales.

WoR immediately, SECOND GAR.
DENER or JOURNEYMAN with experience,
chiefly greenhouses; over 22 years, single; bothy.—Apply,
stating age. wages, and full particulars, Capt. G. N.
CHARRINGTON, Field Place, Horsham, Sussex.

ANTED, a THIRD GARDENER of four,
must understand glass.—State age and wages,
Mrs. BUSH, Eastington Park, Stonehouse, Glos.

ANTED, UNDER GARDENER. expe-

rienced glass and outside, no bothy.—Apply
F. WILSON, The Priory, 08, Priory Road, Hornsey,
London, N.

TNDER-GARDENER wanted, Sussex.—
gentleman recommend young man ;
pleasure and kitchen garden; state wages, age,
experience : unfurnished cottage, electric light, garden.—
LORD WRENBURY, Dallington, Sussex.

ANTED, FOREMAN,

rienced Carnations, fruit,

wages £2 week, bothy, &c.—
Gardens, Burton-on-Trent.

— M ————Ó— — —

OREMAN, about 26, for fruit and plants
. Inside; 35/- and bothy attendance, duty extra.—A.
O. SMITH, Sherfleld Manor, Basingstoke.

Inside, expe-
lants, house decoration,
. COULSON, Dunstall

ANTED, FOREMAN, Inside, well up in

Carnations, fruit, and plants, must be good
decorator. State age, experience, and wages expected,
with bothy, to GRASS, The Gardens, Grantley
Ripon, Yorks.

MORET strong, active YOUNG MAN,
' 22, for Pleasure Grounds. duty, etc.—State wages
required, with zou milk veg., to HARDING, Hylands
Park, Chelmsford, ex.

ANTED, MAN for Kitchen Gardens

fruit trees, etc., must thoroughly understand the

work; 36/- per week with cottage and light.—J.
WASLEY, Lyne Grove, Virginia Water.

OURNEYMAN wanted, Inside and Out,
e age 10-20. Wages 25/-. bothy, attendance, duty
paid.—Particulars: H. LEE, Berwick House, Shrewsbury.

ANTED, outs'de JOURNEYMAN.

chiefly Pleasure Grounds, able to use scythe, not

under 25, wages 40/- and rooms, duty paid. send coples

of testimonials. —-COMBEER, Hou atch Gardens,
Brentwood.

ANTED, JOURNEYMAN for Inside

and Out; wages 30'- weekly, duty 5,-, bothy, etc,

—State age and full particulars to A. BENNETT.
Snelston Hall Gardens, Ashbourne, Derby.

ANTED, JOURNEYMAN, for Inside

and Out, experienced. Wages 30/-; bothy.—

Apply, with references, C. FOSTER, Gardens, Forde
ey,

Chard, Somerset.
Y ANTED, JOURNEYMAN, chiefly for

Pleasure Grounds, used to pony mower,

under 24: wages 35/-, with 5/- duty, and bothv.—
Apply, with copies of references, to A. POCOCK,
The Gardens, Coopers Hill Park, Englefield Green,
Surrey, |
W 4NTED, JOURNEYMAN. for Fruit,
Inside. Wages 85/- per week; bothy; extra for
ተመ Pe F. JOHNSON, The Gardens, Maiden
rlegh,

ANTED. JOURNEYMAN, Inside and
ዝቶ 1፡1 ክፊ stating wages, with good
WM. TAMPLIN, The Gardens, Seaborough urt,

ANTED, JOURNEYMAN, for Inside
and Out, age about 20, wages 30/- and rooms,
PUE reference essential—D. CARRUTHERS, Barmer

ANTED, at once, JOURNEYMAN

experienced in herbaceous plants, age about 24

years, apply with particulars stating wages required, live
out.—C K, Sansaw Gardens, Shrewsbury.

AN and WIFE wanted, wife as Cook and

Man knowledge of Garden, comfortable home,
no family. 40/-, all found.—Apply J. HAMMOND,
Durdhams, Granville Road, Sideup.

ARDENER wanted, married; wife

household duties: live in; two in family.—
Write, with full particulars, good refs. required, to
?, Tulse Hill, S. e 2.

ይ

ADY GARDENER wanted for smal] Peach

house. rock garden, flowers, etc., thoroughly
experienced, age 27 to 34. Enclose rticulars and
— salary required.—M RS. WOODROW, The Grange,
a ury.

|

TRADE.

UNIOR WORKING PARTNER required
e for nursery in midlands, single man preferred, well
up in Toms., Chrys. cut flowers, landscape, knowledge
i must be keen, competent, steady
. E, Box 26, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

MANAGER, ex-
Tomatoes, Ses yak
etc.—

ANTED, WORKING

perienced Inside, Flowers,
cottage, coal provided; write stating wages,
WILLIAMS, Market Square, Narberth.

ANTED, WORKING ROSE AND
FRUIT FOREMAN, used to growing quantities,

or smart, energetic YOUNG MAN, good budder and
grafter, capable of taking charge under supervision.—

Apply. giving age, wages expected, and testimonials.
stating where experience ws ,gained.—S. McGRENY &
SON, Royal Nurseries, Portadown

ANTED., FOREMAN TOMATO

GROWER, pot cultivation, housing accommo-
dation provided.—Apply WHITEHORN, Green Lane
Nurseries, New Eltham, 5.1. 0.

ANTED, KNIFESMAN, must be

up in budding, grafting. training, and other
work.—Apply, stating whether married or single, with
original testimonials and wages expected to JOHN
BASHAM & SONS, Fairoak Nurseries, Bassaleg, Mon.

|

ANTED, competent KNIFESMAN with

general knowledge of fruit trees, Roses, shrubs,
forest trees, etc —Apply, with copies testimonials and
wages wanted with free house and firing, to MANAGER.
Lissadell, Sligo. .

OSE BUDDERS wanted, good wages.

permanent.—Apply, with copy of references, to
EASLEA & SONS, Rose Specialists, Eastwood.
Leigh-on-Sea.

x

ጓ for budding season (June, July
and August). two experienced ROSE BUDDERS.
temporary position only offered, but every possibility
for a permanency to the right men.—Apply to R.
MURRELL, Rose Acre, Shepperton-on-Thames.

ANTED, Churchman, abstainer, non-

smoker, to grow Toms., Cues.. and Mums., for

market on profit-sharing basis—ROLLESTON NURSERY,
Burton-on-Trent.

\ J TANTED, Young Man or IMPROVER

for Cues. and Toms., to work under charge hand,
regular job to suitable man; write stating age, experience
and wages expected.—W. H. RAND & SON, Rayleigh,

Essex.

We a capable and experienced
Man as head of Seed Department. Good

general knowledge of the Seed "Trade essential.—Apply.

stating age, salary required and references to 5.

PERKINS (Proprietor), JOHN PERKINS & SON, 55

Market Square, Northampton.

May 23, 1925.

THE GARDENERS

CHRONICLE.

XV.

ANTED.—A large firm in Covent
Garden requires a good FLOWER SALESMAN
(knowledge of French flowers preferred).—State expe-
rience and salary required in confidence by letter
addressed to A. B. C., Box 22, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

HOPMAN required immediately, experi-
ኦ enced in seeds. bulbs, sundries. plants, etc.—S8State
where experience gained. age, salary required, 10
ARTHUR ROWLES, 14, Market Street, Oxford.

ANTED, YOUNG LADY as Manageress
for high-class Florists, must be quick and first-
class maker-up, state wages required. — HORSMAN,

Beckenham.
TANTED. young lady as FIRST
ASSISTANT under manageress:; good sales-
woman, with knowledge of routine of nursery und
florist shop.—State full particulars, ete. W.

Box 21, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2

WASTED. experienced LADY FLORIST,

good saleswoman and window dresser.—Write,
stating experience and wages required, to WILLS ፈ
SEGAR, Onslow Crescent, South Kensington, S.W. 7.

SITUATIONS WANTED

Twenty words 228., and Gd. for every succeeding
eight words or portion thereof. (Advertisements at
this special rate are only accepted direct from
gardeners and nursery employees.) Fee for having
replies addressed to this office, 18.

PRIVATE.

ARDENER, HEAD, life experience all
branches, alpines, rock garden; understand electric
— all repairs; highest reference: age 30;
rried.—T AY LOR, 4, Onslow House, South Kensington,

ARDENER, HEAD, seeks re-envagement
where large quantities of first-class produce are
required, Inside and Out, general. management, highly
recommended, age 40, please state wages with cottage,
near coast preferred.—A. GARDENER, 69, St. Peters

Grove, Canterbury.
E A. STRAUSS. ESQ., J.P. can highly
4e recommend G. WEBB as HEAD GARDENER,
eleven vears as General. Foreman, experienced, Inside
and Out, especially in marketing fruit and vegetables,
growing here 20 acres of Strawberries, 24 acres Early
Potatoes, 10 acres mixed fruit. RO acres devoted to
market, good organiser.—Write WEBB, Kingston House
Gardens, Abingdon, Berks.
ARDENER. HEAD, seeks re-engagement;
life experience in noblemen's gardens, Inside
and out, 6 years Head, accustomed to marketing
surplus produce; married, age 38, excellent references,
me Bourton House Gardens, Shrivenham,
rks.

EAD GARDENER. thoroughly experi-
enced Inside and Out, Including Orchids: age 47;
married, no family: 6 years present place, 11 previous.—
. H. S., Box 28, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,

ወ93/

zt

S HEAD or SINGLE-HANDED, with

help ; personally recommended: leaving own
wish ; 19 years’ experience all branches ; take full
charge: age 44, married. no family : cottage requ'rel;
no objection to neglected garden.—PEARSON, Tower-

head Cottages, Banwell. Somerset.
YARDENER, HEAD, or MARRIED
X FOREMAN, well np in all branches, 23 years’

experience in good establishments, including Stanwick
Park, Windlestone Hall, ete., last five years Castle Park,

Frodsham, well recommended, age 42—E. SMITH,
Buckminster, Grantham.

EAD WORKING GARDENER, or

GARDENER-BAILIFF ; thorough practical ex-
. perience, highly recommended, middle age, Scotch,
married.—COLVILLE, Drumnasole, — Carnlough, co.
Antrim.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, where

several are kept; married; age 45; life experience,
England and Scotland: well recommended from present
and previous employeri.—E. DREDGE, New Park,
Trentham, Staffs.

a PL PH RR RUP EL ER: ፎሬ. መ S DECRE ELEC es —

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, life ex.

perience in all branches, including meking of
new places; disengaged.— COOPER, Sandy ark,
Chagford, Devon.

(*ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, where

two or three are kept, or good SINGLE-
HANDED: ten years present situation, leaving through

death, excellent references, married. age 47. life ex-
erjence, liberty end of May.—EALING, Horris Bank,
Newtown, Newbury.

*'ARDENER, HEAD WORKING,
rienced all branches, married, no family, wife
wiling to help in house occasionally, or look after
ultry, highly recommended.—CA RTER, 19, West Hill,
Epsom, Surrey.

expe-

NENTLEMAN confidently recommends

as HEAD WORKING, keen, Interested man.

life experience all branches, Inside and Out, control

staff: excellent references, 33 years present, age 33

married, no family. Please state wages.—E. BRYANT,
Purley, Reading.

EAD WORKING GARDENER seeks

situation, life experience in all branches, wife good

cook and willing to help if required, no family.—
J. LINWOOD, Priory Farm, Harrow Weald, Middlesex.

—

ARDENER. HEAD WORKING ;
class experience in up-to-date growing,
and vegetables; thoroughly competent and
recommended, excellent references.—BOLTON,
Carmarthen Town.

*ARDENER. HEAD WORKING
X SINGLE-HANDED, requires situation, lite
perience Inside and Out; married. no family,
39, excellent references; disengaged May 30, Please
state wages, with cottage, — GARDENER, Priests
House, Little Chart, Ashford, Kent.

owers,
highly
Ystrad,

Eh

or

Y ARDENER. HEAD WORKING, or

SINGLE-HANDED, age 30, life experience Inside

and Out: good refer»nces; married when suited.—N. E
Box 25, 5. Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2.

ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED, requires

situation, life experience all round, single. age 27.

good references, London district preferred.—G. TURNER,

Hou Hatch Gardens, Brentwood, Essex.

*

*ARDENER. SINGLE-HANDED, well
recommended, in present situation one year.

married when suited. midlands preferred.—Apply further
particulars J. MALTBY, Denton, Grantham.

ARDENER, SINGLE - HANDED or

ጃ SECOND; good references, leaving through death;

caretaker: with cottage.— WOOD, Gays House, Holly-
port, Maidenhead.

(3 ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED or Kitchen
X Garden. age 38. 14 years’ experience. good
refences, married; cottage — essential.—4A. KIBBLE,
Whichford, Shipston-on-Stour.

lfe experience, Inside and Out, well recommended,
40, married, one boy age 3.—CORMELL,
Lower Gardens, Mount Edgcumbe, Plymouth.

(1:0. SECOND, of three or four,
ago

^^ ARDENER, UNDER, eight years general
exnerlence; cottage; married when suited.—J.
FRANCIS. Bothy, Kingswood Warren, Tadworth,

OREMAN, GENERAL, or Inside. seeks

situation, where several are kept, —— in
all branches, good ref. single, age 31, disengaged.—
BOUGHTWOOD, Hodges Cottages, Billericay, Essex.

eshte ci Insde. age 31, Ife experience
gained din first-class establishments. including
Ottershaw Park, Moor Park. and Buryhil Dorking,
past 2 years entire charge of large range of glass;
excellent references, married.—T. BULLIMORE, The
Gardens, Brockwood Park, Alresford, Hants.

OUNG MAN seeks situation in good

establishment, Kitchen Garden or Pleasure Groun-is,
years experience: kindly state wages, with bothy,
ete.— Apply, H. SMITH, 45, Great Witley, Worcester.

2

Y OUNG MAN, age 28, 8 years’ experience
Kitchen Garden, herbaceous borders Roses,
ete., fair knowledge inside; good refs, married when

suited.—R. GRAVE, Markyate Cell Gardens, Dunstable,
Beds.

ላ DVERTISER. age 22,
4. more Inside knowledge, seeks situation Inside
and Out; 8j years kitchen and pleasure grounds ;
some Inside knowledge ; excellent refs. ; bothy.—
A. C. Box 27, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,

W.C. 2.
J A. HALL, The Grange Gard^ns, Sutton
e)e Courtney, Berks., recommends JOURNEYMAN
for Inside and Out.

wishes to obtain

— — — — M — —— — | መጩ= —

OURNEYMAN seeks situation, Inside and

Out, age 24; well recommended ; bothy preferred.—
. URRY, Phylliswood, Chilgrove, Chichester.

OURNEYMAN seeks situation, Inside, a
22: good references; bothy preferreed.—F. MIST,
West Hall Byfleet, Surrey.

OUNG MAN, age 20, as outside

JOURNEYMAN, .5 years’ experience, good

references, please state wages with bothy.—E. BROOKE,
89, Queen's Crescent, Kentish Town, London, N.W. 5.

OURNEYMAN age 24, seeks situation,

Inside and Out: well recommended; please state

wages with bothy.—W. RUSSELL, Thornhaugh Hall,
Wansford, Peterborough.

XPERIENCED COWMAN and UNDER.-

GARDENER requires situation, near Bath or Bristol

preferred. State wages—P. MAPSTONE, Chandag,
Chandag Road, Keynsham.

m9

*

ANDY-MAN wants work, age 22, single,

can do decorating, electrical, and all general

house Tepsin, — GODSMARK, 22, Mosslea Road,
Penge, S.E.
ARDEN - LABOURER, ago 36, seeks

situation, good spadesman, handyman, lawns, refs.
. GALE, 15, Mortimer Crescent, London, N.W.6.

S

TRADE,

Ros GARDEN Expert,

perience. at liberty
FIELD, 47, Selborne

30 years’ ex-
shortly JAMES STANS-
Street, Princes Park, Liverpool.

OUNG MAN desires post. carly July,
good appearance and address, keen and interested ;
scientific und practical experience fruit, flowers, Orchids,
vegetables, under glass and outside.—DU FTON, Midland
Agricultural College, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough.

TOUNG MAN, with experience. of garden
. design, execution of plans and surveys, desires
situation with progressive firm, anywhere in Great
Britain; good recferences.—Reply JAMES, Box 29, 5,

Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

ORKING FOREMAN wants post, ex-
perienced Tomatoes, Chrysanthemums, bulbs,

bedding stuffs, etc.; cottage essential — KEYFOBD,
Cottage, Farm Cottage, Great Barr, Birmingham.

OREMAN and GROWER, London and p'o-

vincial experience. shop and market produce,
softwooded, pot, decorative plants, cut blooms, fruit,
general routine {in branches, good references. — Ivy
Cottage, Leighs, Chelmsford.

QOREMAN or GROWER of Raising Ferns,
Cues.. Tomatoes, Chrysanths.,
bulbs, and outside work ; single; age 50; life e
E S., Box 24, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,

se

—— -

ROWER of General, Soft Woody Stuff,

Raiser and Grower Ferns, Cucumbers, Tomatoes,
Chrysanthemums, and outside work; age 48; single.—
G. SELLEN, 3, Lloyds Street, Sittingbourne, Kent.

THE ENGLISH
ROCK GARDEN.

PRICE: £3 38. Od.
postage extra 1/3.

O-ONE who owns a rock garden, and

who loves Alpine plants, can afford to

be without this delightful work, which reflects

so faithfully the genius of its dead author,

the late Reginald Farrer. It is in two big

volumes, full of deeply interesting and extra-
ordinarily valuable information.

Ø
Can be obtained from :
GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, Ltd.
$, Tavistock Street, London, W.C. 2.

m : ee THE GARDENERS | — =

aarin ipanaa anaipa,
. ገከ5 proved: —— . 2 WOOD LATH BLINDS pre dee ተሰህጃ፡
| WEEKS’ 5 GLASSHOUSES - ete economical 216/2164. ory the ndatkety

"us e n" odii Fa LEN
Jd ihe e itame. at: ኮር ctical ex eüenre OHDER BOW. Kurtin tare oA «wy ü

oan: their mrauufactare. AS: specs ists. for: HE eee REPAIRING AND REPAINTING j
more tham 8. -hundted: years, both ing p GLASSHQUSES ceives 498፡(8፤ orr
be detail of their € sonetfaction ‘und: [ከፎ ሠ wüevallon tren) ‘aby Servier. Depart
(materiale used. — pec ::1--... JURE BU m A Lando Ma LM ሐት porns
CAND ESTIMATES: ERkRS -.. 1! — pgetieuian come too otn

VEI ‘KS & Co. Chelsea) ጀዱ መከ
"HORTICULTURAL AND ‘HEATING ENGINEERS, 3 PETROS

1 | 92 | VICTORIA. STREET, WESTMINSTER, AY w. 1 M (Representative sent to any E pent — :

FOSTER A PEARSON N, 1811 TEI D,
a Oe 1 8፻፻8ፕ0ዚ NOTTS.

፡ Hixe: 66: building © Guta. from. 4841.
1925 ES "record. of ከዱ. years | ot: sound- onstruction:

6005 Greenhouses last—others do not.
The ‘ROBIN HOOD- “BOILER

“reduces the fuel bill. and saves labour.
5 oH BE UE 5 | Estimates. on application Free.

|
መሠ-ውው Ia poe we oe dm — —— — — — — 2

DR de

i> y ጋ... =
‘af? Ft cS KS ት Rees 2 ፈም ፌን መረረ —*
ld R — wind 8 A አ — *

—

HORSE SHOE BOILI [ n r Miss ላ. H. NORRIE :. May. RS dons
da PENS Apnea ERAVERSTON, 559668: Porter. wen
* ው ይታ PES SEG Naver worked such a- ‘satisfactory up
i y ፡ i - ecenomica] Heating Apparatus as your Horse Shae.

Cute HOT-HOUSE pat ፲6-85ሀ85 16 years. EDS E ና.
i worth of ከፎ]. — the tapes, and we sold £4.
T | worth: 61165 what l gave away, all seeds. raised -
a] matase plated aver Boiler 19 ihe hot-hoüse; My

| ከቪርባር88፻ settles up fire about 5.390 pan, and:

— by Gardeners as s ke Word 5 dol Geen dm i: pus uie: — — tud e
— ህመቋ፤ in, the RG, 80. other’ Gardene) — POTN zo tor በይ pura of ghe word. -
(Miis #9 eA ያ aiu Fist ngit ዘረርጅ 2 EE ሀ8፡፳፪ Apparatus fixed in any ይሠ of the መን $

Qr Boothe Lc, ait Nes Ms à xp ኋ pur. A TéeHk ONSE, 4 Jue ag E NEUE

itm

.=
d have 39/3. One. beging a. VISERY and one È

=

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advice A yt asd uem Mec S NTC ue M
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ና. AC RV RR LIAC Garden, $ (a የፅ ሪዳ AS Pe MR Oe i ን Ee ies Saree a

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Te AG "ERAS. ex: Ts. An Dogs: Seca, Sante (ህቨጸ1፡፡:61፤፣፪ paie she piik
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; if el ደ Pj uz" “ረ
BARE NESE ቸን ውው ከጂ. Un ማሻ Eo geroa DÉ ANY OF THERE 1፡ por qa
መ ee SAR x t 8 x » bs is E ፐ' D. qm — — These starata SA pri.
^ X oa ack, LA .eglerniüns rami anes: other tfta hut were
cua diui. hi Buea. — $, 8 1. SUP ሌመና ቅት ተረደ 7:27" 18ኬ wat Reo Thal Rraiwda- Tiy vane
ነ ye Ni UNDA, QUE NR መ ፈጋ Mgr, DU 4 deme akre ie Wan tot on Visine bas it Pasik
N | AEP UN d ዳክ ates ALE —* OS ES CMs Sar ae inate Ea pale ‹4ዴክርክጾ- airy:
— POOL ATPL EO ENIES SONT Aud AE rae HO PENES TA ADAC ANM ኤረር SSC ta C 4፡10 pute cet. 'ከነ)፳64.. Pits wil be —
= n ar gp emi d iE እ The: PS “they will bes offered. (youre ከ ያርክ "

"iN
፲፡ ነነ M

x6 b
ኔ “ጎ'ሩ

ርጎ. feüntatond, i

—

No. 2006, VoL. LXXVI. iw

SATURDAY, MAY 30, 1025.
: SUBSCRIPTIONS—Intand « ብቅ. —— E per DARII.. pònt Feee. TERN ;
Postal Lidia, Tasse ደክ — Gades; N- ሎ 2

ok R ak “ጃጂ 6 RTH ERA N-LEPIN B
——— "PRIORES, : darn ples E^ heaetital
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8] "1. 1. PIRA NE ———
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abs —J poa — — do alt ^or — ጸ“::48.8..:::.-. ቾ፡90፲11፡፻5 nf ex — in UN ጋ፡
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ከ22 — S — of WORFIGHL JURE 2

—— ሽራ x — — 6d. ፓራ
2 post riss Td,

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3 ር 1 549...

Wo oe

P E ;éulüvutioo T . d Mallhawer, wig

—revulutienléed when “we Tültoduced fre -

- wondertat Arange Starlet, variables. and -. l
፲ we stroll} recommend’ Mower. .]ዐ[፳- xe
ia ፲፻ thy Aatlowng > 3 EN ታራሽ

“auriosé. 2188 Kwo o

“BUTTONS: ‘GRANGE BRODER | qued. ,Síe
BUTTONS LLOTE DF 6019. : Si
BUTTONS. x OTA 57 AELS (3 de — sates i

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PARES fabri (POR MAT. 898338. CNüw ig: the time to. e ; 5x M pea AY AR d eis torta ር ምን
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— figu ot. qe ando PONR à M cd : e A SO E EOS

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— ጋ :

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— = 22 de»

ORCHID GROWERS

ND E 58.
Ue fand

ii. THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE. May 30, 1925.
PALES BY AUCTION. — | 10 Seedimen, — and NOTICES.

. WEDNESDAY NEXT, JUNE 2rd.
Auction Sale of a choice assortment of
- . BEDDING-OUT PLANTS:
fof the ‘latest introductions, comprising
ANTIRRHINUMS in ‘the newest varieties.
—* CHRYSANTHEMUMS CARNATIONS,
| SWEET PEAS, etc. _ i
' CLEMATIS, fine plants in pots.
] Also quantities of 2
GLADIOLI, LILIES in variety, BEGONTAS,.
ANEMONES, and other Bulbs for present planting,
together with- l dL |
. BAYS, PALMS, ARAUCARIAS,
AE decorntive and exhibition purposes.

ASPIDISTRAS, BOX TREES, and other

; Plants from Belgium.

ESSRS. |
C25 -will sell the above at their SALE ROOMS,
^ “67 & 68, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.C. 2.

Catalogues post free on application. l

IMPORTED AND ESTABLISHED ORCHIDS.

Including a small consignment of BURMESE VANDAS
and DENDROBES, just received, in good condition,
including FANDAS COERULEA and DENNISONIANA,
AERIDES of sorts, DENDROBIUMS DALHOUSIANUM,
PARISHII and others: collected in the Southern Shan
States. Also from other sources, a fine assortment of
Established Orchids of the most popular varieties.

ESSRS. PROTHEROE ይ MORRIS,
will sell the above by Auction at their

2^. CENTRAL BALE ROOMS,
67 & 68, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.C. 2,

On Friday, June 12, at 1 o'clock.
* «Catalogues post free on application.

-ሬ au,

By Order of the Mortgages.
CREWS HILL, ENFIELD.

The Important Tomato and Cucumber Nursery known as

THE CULVER NURSERY,

comprising 9 GREENHOUSES, total length 1,500 ft.,
ground area, about 30,000 feet of Glass, fitted with Hot
Water Piping abd heated by 3 large Boilers, Brick built
Packing Shed with. Offices convertible into Bungalow,
total area, about 3 acres. Vacant possession on completion.

ESSRS. | "PROTHEROE & MORRIS
will sell the above by auction at thelr SALE ROOMS,
67 & 68, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.C.2,

On FRIDAY, JUNE 5th, at 3.30 o'clock.

Particulars of Messrs. Lovell and White, Solicitors,
. 5; “Thavies Inn, Holborn Circus, E.C. 1, and of the
Auctioneers, 67 & 68, Cheapside, E.C. 2.

. BUSINESSES FOR SALE.

NURSERY FOR SALE.

4 ACRES VALUABLE FREEHOLD.
Splendid Frontages. High-class Stock. Good Residence.
Influential Clientele.

Established by present owner's grandfather in 1842.
Proprietor having grown wealthy is to retire.
Price, including goodwill £3,500.

i Mortgage if required.

Apply—
N ACPHERSON & SONS,
nE S Estate Agenta,
^— HENLEY-ON-THAMES.

Early-

- LOT 1=The

PROTHEROE & MORRIS,

Florists. a
Re- W. E. COOLING DECEASED.
"The Famous Firm (Established some 70 years) of
MESSRS. GEORGE COOLING & SONS,
ROSE-GROWERS, SEEDSMEN & FLORISTS,
THE NURSERIES, BATH.

ESSRS. PROTHEROE & MORRIS
(in conjunction with Messrs. Charles A. Tricks

. & Son, of Bristol) are favoured with instructions to sell

the following Important Properties, either as a whole or
separately.

admirably, placed Seed and Florists
Business, at 11, Northgate Street, Bath, with spacious
Warehouse and Storage accommodation, occupying a
prominent position facing the New Post Office, now in.
course of erection, and near the Abbey, together with

‘the Goodwill of the business. Premises held on Lease

from Bath Corporation, Present Rental £120 per annum,

This lot. offers an exceptional opportunity for anyone
desiring to acquire an Old Established Seed Business
capable of considerable expansion throughout the West
of England and already possessing a
extensive connection. z

LOT 2.—The {Freehold Nursery on the Main London
Road, Batheaston, Bath, about 2 miles from the Guildhal]
and on the Tramway Route. 6 acres of capital land
with extensive Road frontage for advertising, also seen
from the Great Western Main Line. Manager’s House,
Buildings and 9 Greenhouses, all heated, besides several
Pits.

LOT 3.—About 2 acres of Land under cultivation

adjoining Lot 2, held on a Lifehold Tenancy at £3 166.

per annum.

LOT 4.—The Freehold Nursery at Swainswick, Bath
a short distance from lots 2 and 3, off the Main Road
to Gloucester. 6} acres entirely devoted to Fruit Trees
and suitable also for Market Garden purposes. Also two
small holdings held on yearly tenancy Agreements.

The Stock at these Nurseries can be taken over by
Valuation or will be sold by Auction. IMMEDIATE
POSSESSION.

Enquiries are invited, when full particu ana will be sent
on application to Messrs, Charles A. Son, 18,
or MESSRS. PROTHEROE &

Nicholas Street, Bristol,
MORRIS, 67 & 08, Cheapside, London, E.C. 2.

UBREY & CO, Nurserymens’ Agents.
4 96, Newgate Street, London, E.C.1, offer Small

Nursery, Fruit, Florists, and Seed usinesg, Oxfordshire.
Large Shop and House in main street with ያ acre garden,
glasshouse, frult trees, etc. Low Rent on Lease. Price
only £200 for quick sale.

—À

UBREY & CO.

Business in busy
weekly. Shop and House.

offer good Florist's
main road, S.W., doing £25
Rent £60. Price £300.

UBREY & CO. offer Freehold Nursery,
4 Essex (30 miles out), comprising 5 acres, Dwelling
House. 7 rooms, main water, 3 glasshouses, 100 fruit
trees, outbuildings, etc. Price only £950 complete.

Soe compart little Florist Nursery,
well-equipped. for £2,500, everything complete.—
Particulars: TL ORI EE Box 2, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W. C.2

LACTON.ON.SEA. £1,200. — To market
gardeners and nurserymen, freehold modern
house and about {1} acres of land on main road,
facing Marine Parade. for immediate sale; land

alone worth £500. Immediate possession. — Apply
COMMERCE, The Estate Agency, Clacton-on-Sea.
Phone 304.

OR SALE as a going concern, Nureery,

with house and shop, glass houses, stock, and about
5 acres of land; near Torquay in a DOR district.—
Apply K. F. W., Box 423, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

BUSINESS CARD.

AMES BACKHOUSE, F.LS., F.R.HS.,
e for many years Chairman of the late firm of James
Backhouse and Son, Limited, having retired from York,
offers his services as GARDEN CONSULTANT : 30 years’
experience, snecially in connection with Alpine and
Herbaceous Plants; advice given for Rock Garden
construction and planting, also for permanent flower
borders, boundary plantations, etc. AR dii for terms to
Caer Fegla, Arthog, North Wales, . .

valuable and

U NITED HORTICULTURAL BENEFIT

AND PROVIDENT SOC IETY, State Section.
Notice; is herehy given that a Special ' General Meeting
will be held in the Royal Horticultural Society's Hall,
Westminster, on Monday. June 8th, at 7.30 p.m. to
receive the report of the Societies" second valuation, and
to vote on the Committee's recommendation of allocating
the surplus amounting to £5,348. State section members

. are requested to attend.

Signed ARTHUR C. HILL, Secretary.

FAVE YOU PROVIDED? See
Horticultural Benefit and Provident
Advertisement on Page x.

United

Society's

EXHIBITIONS.
PETERBOROUGH

AGRICULTURAL SHOW
- "JULY 14th, 15th and 16ኤ:-

SPLENDID CLASSIFICATION FOR THE
HORTICULTURAL AND FLORAL SECTION.

| Valuable Cash. Prizes.
Society's Gold and Silver Medals.
Every facility given to Exhibitors of Trade Displays
Horticultural Section 2nd and 3rd days of Show

Prize Lists from: ROBERT BIBBY, Secretary,
Agricultura] Office, PETERBOROUGH.

OXFORD FLORAL FESTIVAL
(Under the Auspices of the Oxford Chamber of Trade)
SOUTH PARK, HEADINGTON HILL,
Monday August 10th to Saturday August 15th.

THE ROYAL

OXFORDSHIRE HORTICULTURAL SHOW

will be held during this week.

Silver Challenge Cup, Gold, Silver and
Bronze Medals will be awarded.

TRADE EXHIBITS TUESDAY to SATURDAY.

Space particulars for these Exhibits from :
H. PARKER, 12, Hurst Street, Oxford.

Many other attractions including Motor Gymkhana, Fire-
works, Dancing, Military Bands and Pleasure Fair.

PLANTS, &c., FOR SALE.

Small Classified Advertisements.
for three lines including headline) 48., and 1s.

Twenty words

for every succeeding etght words (or line or part
of a line). Fee for having replies addressed to
this office,

per inch, or 108. facing editorial matter.

1s. Displayed advertisements, 88.

ERNS! CALADIUMS ! !—Begonias, Palms,

Crotons. Dracaenas, Gloxinias, Hydrangeas
Geraniums, Ericas, Lilies, Ferns and How to Tow
Them, by J. SMITH, 36 post Ie — SMITH,

London Fern Nurseries, London, S.W.

100,0: 00,00 00. LARGE GARDEN FERNS,

Ae )Aspidistras for dividing. ይ free.—
TH, Fernery, London, S.W.
ALMS. Phoenix Canariensis, Chamerops

Excelsa, Kentia Forsteriana, Cocos Flexuoss, and
Phoenix Roebelinii, New price list now out. Also a
quantity of Dracoenas, Indivisa, Veitchi, and Bruanti,
to offer in all sizes. Fine lot of stuff. For price list
apply. ROBERT GREEN (1911) LTD., 28, Crawtord
Street, London, W.1.

i c ae faced select.

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Yog Dulbs, 25 sorts, 58/- 300: -፪.08)፻፤ lonziflorumt- i:
ያ፻25 50— 1በ0; Cyclamen tanum — ei

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› 4y
| Win s. "UNIVERSAL 1
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SOL D: E: y ALL: SEEDSAMÉEN. SE
WITH'S CHEMICAL MANURE CO. .

HEREEURMI Oi

UNNERA MANIGATA,

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FOR BEDS 8385 GARDENS: ደጸሸ ATURALIZING.—

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| [በዘህ8፲' LAWN SAND AND FERTILIZER |

The Originator of Lawn Sends '

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1 Catatorue of Hardy. Stef Eh. Orewa adita.
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AUSTIN & McASLAN

“DAHL d 5. Aati SECTIONS |

My. Collection is completely: up-to date, —
T. be New Cactus Mar. "Ballet ‘Girl, A Kon ደ
best Mee: :

BEGON!IAS »

Zg A. ey Bue Collection: ef Recent es TUR

NEW CACTUS. OBRANIUMS.

Vars., with: — iced dones : MES 8

64. page sinu t bui ha are

a _ WOOLMAN, TP RUNG

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May 30, 1925.

THE GARDENERS

CHRONICLE.

365

THE

Gardeners Chronicle

No. 2005.—SATURDAY, MAY 30, 1925.

— OOOO — ——— — eee

CONTENTS.
Aldenham pote — Orchid notes and
dens ... . 966 gleanings—
Alpine ardin New hybrid Orchids 376
Primu involucrata 367 Odontioda Redstart 376
Alum as a slug and Orchids at Edinburgh
snail destroyer ... 376 Botanic Garden ... 376
mis deaf scorch — .. 972 | Parks and Gardens... 373
Books, notices of— | Potato breeding... ... 378
The fruits of France 372 | Potato sved, Scotch ... 366
EU ac How Primula pulverulenta _
petal of t . Bartley Strain ... 378
DibiemonjdwE -.:.. 378 Slugs, concerning ... 375
Dresden Horticultural Socleties—
Royal Caledonian
Florists’ flowers— Horticultural ... 384
Modern Dahlias ... 900 Royal Gardeners' Or-
New perpetual-flower- phan Fund ... ... 384
ing Carnations ... 370 Royal Horticultural 379

Truro Flower Show 383
United Horticultural
Benefit & Provident 384
Soil science ር ... 366
Strawberries, new ... MN
Sunshine in the garden 365

Fruit garden, the hardy —
Biennial cropping in
Apples doe . 378
'* Gardeners’ Chronicle”

exhibition ... . 365
seventy-five years ago 367 |

(aen in antiquity, " Trees and Shrubs—
as 2 ነዲ E i Fragrant flowering
Iris Society መ ... 300 shrubs ... 370
Kew Guild 5 ... ቋቤን Baray Fuchsias d 1
4-7 iptanthus nepalensis 37
La Mortola ae ... 911 Thymus nitidus 1
Maxwell.

Nir Herbert,
presentation to . 366

Obituary—
Cunningham, Andtew 384

Week's work, the ... 968
Whitelegg, Mr. G. G. 366
Woodland garden—

Op t'Eynde, Gerard 384 Oxalis oregana ... 373
Waller, George 884 Viola canadensis... 373
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Diosma uniflora ... — "us .. 369
Flowering Cherries at Truro Show.. 383
Formal garden exhibited by Messrs. J. Carter and
Co. at Chelsea Show 375
Garden and tea house exhibited by Messrs, Bakers’
at Chelsea Show ጆች 295 — e. 377
Odontioda Orestes var. majestica — — aa e. 579
Paeonia obovata alba .. 367
Rock garden exhibited by Messrs. Pulham and Son
at Chelsea Show 380
Rock garden exhibited. by Mr. G. G. Whiteleug at
Chelsea. Show 26 .. 521
Strawberry Robust . 378
Tea ue and Rock garden exhibited | by “Messrs.
H. Gaze and Sons at Chelsea Show ... ... 973
Whitelegg, Mr. George G., portrait of ... des .. 366

AVERAGE MEAN TEMPERATURE for the ensuing week
deducted from observations during the last fifty
years at Greenwich, 580°.

ACTUAL TEMPERATURE—

The Gardeners’ Chronicle Office. 5, Tavistock Street,

Covent Garden, London, Wednesday, May 27,
10 a.m. Bar. 296, temp. 56°. Weather, Raining.

[18 would indeed be a cur-
Sunshine in mudgeon, and unworthy of
the Garden. tolerant hearing, who would
say a word against the spell
of sunshine which has been vouchsafed to
these islands during the past few days. At
one bound under its influence a season, which
had hitherto dawdled far behind its time,
has been quickened almost into normality.
Apples, which for some unknown reason
lagged unusually long behind the Pears,
burst into bloom, and summer boskiness is
rapidly replacing the sparseness of spring
foliage. Under the influence of the sun-
shine everything i in the garden 1s in a hurry.
The spring flowers are hastening to their
end. Auriculas, which dread too much of
this good thing, have faded already, and
the Wallflowers and Forget-me-nots and later
Narcissus, which never made a braver show,
have begun to droop lazilv, and to look- -
to say the least—'' past their best." It must
have been during such a burst of sunshine
that Shakespeare penned the lines :
“When I consider everything that
grows
Holds in perfection but a
moment

little

He saw the petals of the Apple blassom
drop as the bees swarmed about the flowers,
and noted the. dowdy appearance of the
Plums in the orchard at the moment when
their withered brown flowers were not con-
cealed by the, as yet, partly grown leaves.
Observant of this fugaceousness of flowers
in sunshine, the curmudgeon might write
in praise of cloudy weather. But we, whose
hearts have been warmed by this spring
sunshine, will refuse to read it. We know
that /ዐ#/ሆ fasse . . . . toute lasse, but we
also know that our gardens are—or ought
to be—made not for a day but for all the
vear, and that the sun which speeds one
blossom on its way awakens and brings to
issue others in its place. We know only too
well--as well as the most pessimistic com-
plainer that the sun may play sad tricks
with garden plans. The seed bed awaiting
to be got ready for the dwarf Beans was
this morning in a kindly state, requiring
only the gentle persuasion of a hoe to break
down and yield a kindly tilth, but now in the
afternoon the sun has baked the lumpy clods
so hard that they needs must have much
labour and hard blows bestowed on them
before the soil can be brought into a proper
state to receive the seeds. That, however,
if we are sportsmen we recognise for what it
is—a not unlikely trick to teach us that the
greatest of garden arts is to anticipate just
such tricks of weather. Of this truth also do
the weeds remind us. They are springring
up not in single spies but in battalions. The
good gardener welcomes them—with, it is
true, a grim welcome. Now whilst the
surface of the ground is still workable the hoe
may do ruthless and speedy execution among
them. But let the moment pass and behold
the roots of the weeds have dug themselves
in and to dislodge them now from their
trenches requires a far more vigorous attack.
Moreover, the gardener who seizes the right
moment to deliver his assault on the weeds is
killing two birds with one stone; removing
the encumbrances and tilling the soil—for
the fine tilth which the hoe makes will serve
as a coat of armour against the darts of the
sun. Left rough and in possession of weeds
the soil, if the sun keeps shining, will soon
dry out; but covered with the crumbled
surface and relieved of thirsty weeds it will
retain much longer the moisture needed for
the growing roots of plants. Then, too, now
that the sun has warmed the soil, mulches
may be applied without the risk of the soil
being kept too cold. Happy is the gardener
whose soil is so light and open that he can
mulch early ; for a mulch, as for example,
of leaf-mould, is a rare smotherer of weeds
and moreover encourages such as do grow to
keep their roots near the surface and loose in
the soil and so betrays them to the hoeing
executioner. . But in the heavier soils and
where autumn digging—because of wetness—
could not be practised, to mulch too early is
a doubtful advantage. With the bright sun-
shine the many pests which lie tn wait for
fruit are, if not put to rout, at least rendered
more amenable to treatment. And so the
ideal gardener who is able by the magic of
his fore-knowledge and understanding to do
everything at the right time is at all costs
busy now with a final spraying of the Plums
and Pears and will be ready to treat the
Apples in like manner so soon as the blossom
has fallen and the fruits well set. One thing
the good gardener will not welcome in the
heat of the day and that is the advent of
visitors. For in the first place he is more
than busy and in the second place, the sun is
like an eastern potentate who destroys his

rivals to make himself king. In the bright
sunshine of the middle day no garden looks
its best. It is in the evening and the

morning of bright days when a beautiful

garden should be shown and seen.

The Glossy Petal of the Buttercup.—At the
meeting of the Linnean Society held on
April 23 Mr. John Parhin drew attention
to the glossy character of the petal of the
yellow Buttercup (Ranunculus), pointing out
that this feature is perhaps unique among
flowers. The peculiar microscopical structures
in the petal responsible for the gloss were
described forty years ago by a German
botanist, Möbius by name; but botanists
have apparently forgotten or overlooked tius
work, for no mention of this peculiarity of
the Buttercup petal appears to occur in any
English text book of botany. The upper
epidermis of the petal has a perfectly smooth
external surface, and its cells instead of
containing the yellow pigment in the usual
granular state, holds it in solution in the
form of oil. Below the epidermis is a layer
of cells densely packed with minute starch
grains. The whole structure Möbius likened
to & mirror. The epidermis with its clear
yellow fluid acts as the glass and the starch
layer as the reflector. The starch can readily
be demonstrated by soaking a petal (after it
has been decolourised by alcohol) of any of
the common yellow Buttercups in iodine
solution. The glossy part of the petal will
then turn blue-black, this revealing a large
amount of starch. As a contragt, petals of
the white Buttercups, such as R. aconitifolius
and R. aquatilis, which are not glossy,
treated similarly show no starch reaction.
Mr. Parkin suggests that the glossy character
of the petal may be of prime importance in
classifying this large genus, and is busy
investigating the species from this point of
view. He will be happy to get into
correspondence (address, Blaithwaite, Aiglan,
Cumberland) with any persons interested
who are likely to meet with uncommon
species of the genus in any part of tho
world. He would also be greatly interested
should anyone be able to call attention
to another petal at all approaching that of
the yellow Buttercup in lustre. He points
out that it is a somewhat remarkable fact
that petals generally have a soft mat
surface, though foliage leaves when glabrous
often present a shiny appearance.

Dresden Horticultural Exhibition. — From
April 23 until the end of September, 1926,
there will be an important horticultural
exhibition at Dresden in celebration of the
centenary of the society known as * Flora,”
or the Saxon Botanic and Horticultural.
Society. The exhibition palace and grounds
will be very extensive, and as the show will
last for so many months there will be
various subsidiary exhib.tions to correspond
with the seasons, beginning with spring
flowers and ending with fruit and Chrysan-
themums. The exhibition is to be mainly
German, but foreign novelties are invited,
the term “new” comprising anything not
yet in commerce. Full particulars may be
obtained from Herr Walter Dànhardt, Len-
néstrasse 3, Dresden, but the schedule and
printed matter are (naturally) all in German.

Kew Guild.—There was a large gathering
of old Kewites on the occasion of the Kew
Guild annual meeting and dinner held at the
Imperial Hotel, Russell Square, W.C., on the

20th inst. Mr. Wm. Dallimore, the new
President, occupied the chair at both
meetings. Mr. J. Coutts, who has been

1910, resigned that position,
regret of all the members,
and his place is taken by Mr. R. F.
Williams. The expenditure for the year
exceeded the income by about 8s., but the
Guild has a balance on the right side of
about £135, in addition to £80 invested on

treasurer since
much to the

B66

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thes pum. በባ. ፡፡ 88,119... —
onesies PARES ኣነስ, Age. ህዚ] M "biis:

cs» tipuvt | due thi provinon. SÉ ow: —
thie Tata Mis Wa: “Wateon, td. take M.
የኖ f des headstone on: Ehe More QU
Albansi de v 20165. dunde 4e. peowide. | je
Watsi Memorial . priae 59 ' ሼህ: : ጸ!4ክ190ሺ.
enrdenons > In. ከወ. qirosiderital - oldre. Mro
:- Dallimare . ib euccuraremnt.: and wüvice to..
ies young faedéners, add -incladed soberenees ^
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hela 10፡68 examples ሀ፻ "what. ዘጠደከ! ከ8
| ለርሀ669ኮ፤ ialwid hy ር ነተበ ሰክ ከዚህ. work ud keen
ek abi 46. MB: 5 AS

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"iu eroi ion ^ “Soil! eae nes. Conference: Was
el i Home ander tha “avispiepa cef the
- Matermatinal — 61? Agricidture, The
neve were: cool - ሀ ular > AO portani: dy.
ronim of. tle togh. /Seteutifie © pU of
[ከ0ጩ 916 ሀኗኔ quic and of he discussions.
con dE: “mplostions relating #0 8811 እ#፲6ቨርዮ..,
hiss aene 3vhudr “had already: behing:
“ጨ፡- ን Aumwlee ghe litle: nf “ pax lapy
a 349 cehar&etárised primarily. hye
—— —emitiectoh ^ %ዥዌክዮኬ - and aln
; i hetwerr the: avgrionltapad | qualijox af, à 861.
: 8301: dts formation pat ‘envinnnmental | won:
“itinn; “thus obtained - for the: first tine; the.
adhesion “ot some four hundred, sail chemists,’
ex | pressning all parts of the. world, At. this.
-*onferenes . the most) famous. ;hgriculiural.
soient and: tho institutions swith the: —
J
quatn ዘብ De [ENGINE nE à new and. origins inl:

aeh e |

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“4h. thomailves: te show the: Ziran ofthe.
sapan bitte - ccepicenen tad) 168: ዜር.
| “በርከ the disciasions. wore nf saeh a nature -
dis fb teres” alt. those: engaged- a the: Hd
7: phe” Honny” praebe me "ቴዞሮከክ6] DESC.

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—— the GC "ወያ ገረ wat de: ዞክቨክክአቢ by tlie ^
Xrterndtinal Tnstitute PR Aghti Berini
:: ከከ wil be
conf ove, | pruetiant 65 Aye ከ. Sinni —
taubat 780026 ` price ገ. 3ሠ፡: :. p RAEN *

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Aldenham- House ተሰው ds — * AUR
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“publics atoning: the: ‘Saturday. abemus - ax.

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“poms. oi^ wet tony taken My Athall farmers: thà
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n Pototo. Commitier ይመ ብ "Nukienal- Farmers ©

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linies pigi! dare oto Abe.
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not ouly at Chadsen: shows, ቅዘዚ! asd the : ከክ | /
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o dnteenrsDate aad ather > Bearded IIT
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; [በ19 Ni
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"he eunmacnred | npecitions- He confe:
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"Queen Fava ii the) early toir cof his Work.

, and “þes stiggeaty . 468. then ahu. wond. 18

‘ie Pee forms oF I. batkanu: ሕዳ ‘parents. juga
| snticipate :. Lari pike የሶጻነ]ዚ9 ^ aud: porehenec |
. evolve ቡ red Mas በሚ ፡ Aeus,

followed Mr. ይጠህ' & midresw, drom whieh o

Michael :

diu e

emerged’ thet there mre ne fewer thaw ght '

Y ha Y
ዬኔ.

jWendyed: varetes and apetite of; 47-16, the!
, Aris thal nt. Wisley, thanks to tbe efforts”
Bh Me Biete Mr, Dykes’ and: Mr. Chittenden...

to 8ሮ Herbert Maxwell. A -

jte "end: anfluential | Xampany, . ; wundern the
» Chair mandap of the Hon: - Pew. Dalrymple:
: wsserabled in, oe ^ Tower Hati, Neuton 7

Sievert, von, "Wedbildiky iie 18፡8. bast, wheti
Bin: Herbert. Maxwell, Bt. ^et SMonreith, Lóni
Ligutenant: of: wW. igtownshire . We jenturtuined -
| t public: dinner: and „presented: ive:
t event. handsome: pieces iof: ‘plate. and.

| pheque- jor: 2996. with. which. Tess
ህክቨርስካፍ-. tr og ‘Duniteies - du
taty. -

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8 aan
^ inonfincs-

diio "ds. esteemed- dar: began. he.
tC tbe., 8ክክ[ኩ bt Scotland, and, whose.

9 /emtribatiops. 968 hortitultirs! - ከ ቴሩ Saar:

columns ^ are "apprecuted < alike.”

| * Agi
ioeititeriat. — | and our: —

(5 sm that: ክነ the” dus he. 968. treniran.

011 were. |
ae '‹ከርከ. cis) Hates! was nak: eunrectad: :.

8 aye me wee”
|

ዜ opatan .. * arenes ፡0.. i i a
—— E diasin ‘and, አዘነ66:: PINE ነኩ.
-Whitelegg — — rhe: our jproprictur-
9 apreislitios. EPR: ivy plante 4n general,

"addo. plants. uc "párticulur. and garden can-

— pf. toek. 89. formal gardens, አ

ከ8. ‘Society. The -60ከካ1:
—

And:

meeting
ዝከ.

eld: 234.

| Bessborcugfi Rooms, Grosvenar. Hotel. Toitoi. "i
leasing and. በር :
p.

oh May Z2, yere very
uitorindl- $onbiions.. The:scweterhn raise,
Gat. Ved, VND, ‘presided avor wh áttendsrind.
ut. abit: twenty fives Jnvluhny several: ladies,
dne such wetl-Kriosen Tris enihustaets. ae: ‘Me
OW. AR. Des Sir’ Win. ‘Lawrences, Mr. Amos.
‘Porty, Mrr PO Mareh Mrs RWW lace, እ፲#....

Pilkington Meo (፲, ኒነ ከቪቦኩህድ Mr: ና ከርብ Miller -

| ነዘ] Mr. japati. warg prosent: An exaeptionaliy

proceedings: :ጃጻኋ8 HÀ.

ims adc aht robn Ob ፳፲ My large)!

vaperios YY eint ወ : Ayell- #7: ees :! perireyuw-:

Mee eia the | Ait eic all fear. dne: bras ef
: ቲኪፉ።. dust oto vaio ywo”

Mrd Apai wha vas
ihilvemediates: "Pott: a. fee. -Reworiig :.
89864. 161669.) cer diner: Mrs Tilkingien:

cedes ed : 2n Presidoiits: ond. “than ብሃ.

፡ ተ ከበር] 16: ገ". “Bakes (at pisent s. Breve ys
fay his serviens daring! as | past pet Wie”

ce ftis ot. Pinsin MES JPiükiueton: STER

“ዘዘዘ ህዘቡ: JTebsistiret, (o position. hw: déc

ከ4፲ “ርዮ Ue Pan pe x OM m "well 8:5: Mat
JE Aitor. ቴክሯ 49/6188 .,ህ6የገቋ/-. A
x. Tunari Won Pe ey Secretary. Na -
mw “vows terd Hiera sheeted: bringing: the

ha ae Sie

st paie da Jed Bent. eT Fs

ወ ሚቅ e
s ]

, SHANE 118517:

strüefions wie 8 Specht. ሀበነ. toWBINIS tho |

“al now, wher ከ6. ከ68 attàimed: the: Ape ut“

:.,ከነ:6፻' store years, Sire MHecfort- pad identified -

"hünseM | ከ... th welfare: snp: dus on&tive |

d (pou und: every movement amb
:: tended 1o. iHeredse ita, es [

'" however,

dew. ‘departinta —

"ሎው |

— i walls
285 ognized ; 68 በይ ob othe- ከ8586 | àntheritiee |
hé. country om ell: qeatiers
with. hortinititure add; : 1151 aR LE
ነ BIER ant ‘rarik history Tbe quonia
he 'oecupied : Ae An? arclucatopiat - wu. Been
BY di fea’ that: cha): wae. sehertod ue yen: |
mai «ዘ thee: ‘Reval’ ‘Cornmiasion - oe vse
cand: ‘Historical. M ለከ le^ are “Scotland, icant
AR aiman የ: AM he hadi “writer
greater purber piada bió — 10088. dms
greater var why pe 5 han amy; —
living author. Thit record: Hid: ht #40ሀ69አ፤.
8. Herbert" ፳: - አይ191(199. and. achievements, utc
it. Was: ebougti tu cahow thet. his had wel
aned, hie national répiabin. Hes wae

“ab the most “pti.”
ed ' produet.. ^

Own. to history’ na One

| [/ሀ09,8ከ68 © “thet. Galloway

connecte un

tha si Ps x :

[X WHS A Hitting. "estitüions x
Ye valuable: work. dene dung a ietie "o

11: ; M
፡ በበይክ9- the: presentation, ‘Sir, ‘Anthony’ eames 1

duo.

m

nnde a dame for. hitaselé which: would 9. ee

«Reference | ^as. also imeda to dda Jong 8። 5109. s

anc the Work: “OF Tocal | government, . when

(every aiea ከ6 oectipied | bad been filled: «ith. a

Ceredit ak adis (181161)

Topi Darling alteri c
| ረቡስ4። proposed . the.

hipalih: of. Sir Herbers. >

o Maswali 18. 8. humerus speech dn which, — ር
| ህጻ pressed: the: pleasure: and. the | privilege: i AM

swe: fur Bm tv. be present. and propose. e
^fpast db the evening. 28, the; course of ከሠ.
lye, War. Herbert. | sind he wus afraid thar:
cem cde present. ‘occasion Lord Darling: had
“aume ep. dese impartially | than was du
XB. : The. company. - present Mas die ECOLE
War -፻8 AV Hehe Appeal. ARANE ከፎ: fudgmonr:
otni Ve Garritan) Bec was atraid dues
Land mat [69 tor: ዘጠ" ality: theres: Thar
precor: Om induilest : FERGE- that they ase
“paxtiolly.- ancha: € Mire. greoner aM “the: ur;
“fhe benuriul. ohjebra. dne tne chad: PAARL:
“Saath. be tande aban to hie spine LES
viden ው 11. The: ce አክልበ%ፍ : ር c

peep: ub "Gallos: AT. beast
cima: gue ፡፪ ፡ — ESL FOROR

MAS IP

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de b NA.

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te foelie
C pade het :91. ecatiudes 118 ካብ.

A) mair,

te Preda, —

; dmeeting.:
iUi DNS treet).
Sp leetitre;

£m eror e Austri. - Nawr-
(oett,
y Pompey
‘Netherlands.

. Duke. -

i EU iyu “Dredemana, © |
. Rady. Sale, : 681 . 62:866፲6036--
‘pt Sunderland,

ተና Royat.
ቲየር5:. —

Homer ‘and Prince ot; W 6፡4... ነ

ae ment
il 0 Warwie tes i are, i
8 rilen,

(Majestas Bosteonery | Gffiesc
D Mee: Se. Mae

they 64.
J ከ61
CInütrmaty 1... due name.

| Ago. 477...
BERD: has ‘bean —
-4ወክ|ዶፓ- ot. Tulips.

' AX

E. A #; 48. 66. i: " I. i

ms di i 4 RDE NERS

367

made ——— hs: በከ ገፍላ nf.

nnd. Gallos
After: appa interesting
FETAI ADNPA RIT Herber Maxwell: 3014.
ws Shs ከሠ 'ገየጻኣ:. (et ‘hat:

18! Durafries |

ink.

oec proud. when! ne ከመጣ ranni “thet
Pr gathering, Mut obe. Aina (ootitig- -በዎ
vent ide. Thiey bait ‘lone: mneh.. 18641 aig

bo) Atrengthen.: hes J Which ርህ... dum: 50
ከጨ TRIES provies
316) loves XE
Aamen (oF Galloway, urs ife: ከኤ and. waters, —
iA, Mork and. Reids. | F

is — Borticoltural: Show. ine diente. The Mayo
—— seti of the Antwerp Royal Horticultural
66155: wu hehi iu thes genstyle: ut the lacal
v የከከከ
a Though. a he paene. was forall Fo
wel] attended, and - “the: bexhibita -of good ©. ፡
In They ፣610በ:ሷ. “Orchide from three
"différent growers, Palarat; Hydrangeas. i EE
Begonias, Hippesatrunie, and winny other planta, -
including Cacti, not frequently: sen ot Euglsh

and. SES possible, depen

that. be" felt for ne ren and

(Théatre Boysi. Lyyique Plüinand):

um 7 exhibinious | xt the An nae: - Rides : "Phara Were cc
....ከ5ሁ. 00:6. pader. — whieh, wee — tyr
qo SS አ D — Ao eA — 4—
A — 5 ው QU We Eee

oo Royal. Agricultural Bocietg | መዉ.

Soolety's mesting.. Thursday,’ dame 4.
Saturday.

Horticultural —

— Chronicle. Mey
edam "47 “Tulips The: pni

(dex
Taondar. üorieritarat ^

BOW mply ‘proves.

Notwithatandirigy : however, Mie: prevaledes 5] |
cay. — wirnda,
gXprrienced, ©
T By iO: ok ‘eta: favaurite foyer.
UN euptairing .
ML dias. been: diéncly ሕጸ; Hne.. % 6 Have-

“Aix:

vat: Jea thaw 496.

: vop. ae ids 4n: - ሺሺ. “former: pear Phe
(rs following” favourite: erbe egre anc good cmi
| Nitori. when ee RR nhera ixatQeki1- ..

: 855451 : or
dha y

yin steak ia 1

the show was : 3.

“2 — — ‘Hortis
^i — -Hoviety: ‘a. meeting. CWednesdsy, June.
M England o
i 668101: meeting: National Vula and Faa ane
— በ - - ex
otingham. Abd. Notts Chrysanthernim Society's. « QUUM
Jüne 6 Beckham በበ. ee
——— —

wdüeb wes have - dst
.: Groom bns. had: guod ee
desto 000

vane: hundred: Apt. Kenty: foet, dge T s
| ኒከህ86880..

(ALPINE. GARDEN. 2 |

ኮክ 8.3. ny OLCCR AT re

— — pisces. 18 the. gardin, አ
ibo base nf: የህ“ ሄርቬ, "where the. drainage
የሮጠ fiti pas “portions : አር he: —
cba: Wi M van. Phil tren, Hf. hotter): Abt:

I3 (ULIS AN
ዎጌ a Sar My

A uo :
Pte 8፡1, the [ሠ South: —

Palyphettué. Duke —

Effendi, Marshal
‘Strong s “King.” Pison.
Garrick, ptmus ባበር ofc

101. quem. Pell.
Norfolk. |
Tues | [አክ 8 ——
Lrmuperstn*. "E lorum; -
Pan ut Haddington, Violet -

Buseleuch, Claude.

86/1 of ‘Lisientti, |
Rubens.

Alexander, uke
Monta: Bijoy

ere Hel Forre..

Xn. addition d the: above. the’
— . xmtained. (orae > havoli (ር8. Br:
ew ንደ:
are. promising” Bowers, tal. ህር Ane come.

taco .gdtbers. which -we hope xa ብሮ. —
Chron. Pine Ts Teo. ASCOLTA
AE Pabliatibas - Received. 2፡6... du- ;
— igo af the Forest Geprerinent : BE the: Madras .
SSeS Presidency, 1924. Wales di and. Mis ,[/ክየዜክ;ልከ[፡ f
2 eon AV lieldan cand M. aliy. EN E Arthur ©
“Sirens” mew Orca 'የሆፉቀኒ... ON E 5 st perk:
| Plant መሠ) ae Gregor.
Mendel - በአየ] እ ሂዩ ፻፳ ዮ des, አፀ ጩጨ;

“London... EX Puce
468. Ope" dei ገዘ: AS dat Bola
i didabieghe: Neve ber, IRE
(አይን. WORE
aa Adams S Gordon. Bsr, bs
ES Fax: ;Longmans, | "^ ree ' MM dé e
Paterna: Raver. Be X de: vdd . 86. ano

ae tidy’

“the, RUNE
Counters ofo Wilton, | Lowse 0|
Jnd oo,
By blosraens Victora '' 4
Louise og
Michael - ‘Angelo, 4

Blsemart. - "Hiec cow ENS
Kisik eo Taches. Ho "ገ

i Bing. iet. “Saxony, ‘Cpmeuse de

) ) Dead, Gerpe. Blanche, La Tenderske.

Sly. UNA Lady Poel. Cuialani. Triomphe ds

end Ponceau .-

jü*olueriüta | has) well
à considera ble period ዕ
... ቂ፻ክሮ; be culuvdted. nm. 8 borden whith: 38 nor.
" eon 4. ወዜ iene
CN green: ina. ront positian. iji

Hier SA Primula. for. — years i

endiana, 0 ር)

ቭቭ.ኗ

is ARA Fest የገጹ prriticste Tat ‘Chelsea Jhoy
. ^ us.

Ve HN | Shown by Mr:

ኣ ነ

“Har FA margin 7. 8 «irent. at e hd, Prak
Pct 118: ናከ JOVBrEURC

gears. 11 mat dt 36

dui teo E jt: dto dta ከ954 AT

::3- grew Mus:
p packet, at the: pude of a ‘Water, Lily: pond,

— it hed. 118. ganta constantly "wet et all
floproredt :
a rice

swell,

da

-820/89,፡. Cand: Vere. M grew
ce Amd. 188,401. —

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by

Bo monte %ኑ

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Uum tiec ህደ. stans, — S a
Sar 3 5 qoem

these >
the

are - whi dw "bluinh . with
sent 7.81. ——— ——

ray wy

Tis ኒኛ ar:
PaO

/ 164-—-FAEONY A OBOVATA ALBA,

| Flowers Bad s stoning, qare, De a, E E: ‹

—

They: are. peal. Sndividually: አይደ sc መሐ ás-
not:
fir number ብ! awers: JE one. were apes - — zm
“to: be hypereriticat.- or would probably. . gay. >
Sender: atema are tor loug foc -

othe xime. of the trike: 880 ፡ flowers
would Be: unretefül erisia

darge éxher, although composed of a-

thatthe tall-

‘The plant is

dut this,

* — i — "vell. And: Rowena: Frat, 48 um
|. mulopiy sim. i sities ላሎን

gat 81. dome und
E ሃ898:-

hardy, may be ፤አበሮርርአርበ | tedy By: 4 መ. Ze

‘thrives dno sun or: —
“preference foroa M ad 30695: deed 904. E ue S
pest uod sand. 2. ን y

THE. GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

May 30, 1925.

>

Th

; A.
ር Week's Wor
THE ORCHID HOUSES.
By J. COLLIER, Gardener to SIR JEREMIAH COLMAN, Bart.,
Gatton Park, Reigate.

The Cool House.—After Sophronitis grandi-
flora has passed out ef bloom roots will

develop from ite partially developed growths, |

and any necessary re-potting should be given
attention. Shallow Orchid pans with wire
handles attached form the most suitable
receptacles, as the plants usually grow best
when suspended from the. roof-rafters. Pro-
vide liberal drainage, and employ Osmunda-
fibre and Sphagnum-moss as a compost.
These materials should be cut into small
portions. Afford plenty of water whilst the
roots are active, and until the growths are
fully developed; afterwards give the roots
only sufficient moisture to keep the small
psewlo-bulbs and leaves plump and green.

Cattleya citrina.—This interesting Orchid is
unique in habit, as it produces growths in a
downward direction, and its Tulip-like, citron-
scented flowers in a similar manner. For
this reason, the plants are usually. fastened

to Teak wood rafts or blocks, but they will

do equally well if placed on a mound of
Osmunda-fibre and Sphagnum-moss raised
well above the rim of an ordinary Orchid
pan. the latter preferably without side holes,
and arranged so that the growths or pseudo-
bulbs may develop over the sides. This
Orchid usually blooms during the present
month, and owing to their thick texture, the
flowers remain in full beauty for at least
four or five weeks. After the flowering
period is over, new roots begin to appear
from the base of the last made pseudo-bulbs,
when fresh rooting material should be
supplied. If the plant is healthy and the
roots firnily attached to the raft or pan they
should not be disturbed, but furnished with
& little fresh rooting material on the top of
the receptacle. Remove as much of the old
soil as possible with a pointed stick and
wash away all small particles by the aid of
a syringe and substitute new compost. This
Cattleya is frequently a difficult plant to
keep in good health for any great length of
time. It is often placed in an intermediate
temperature. I find that it will grow most
successfully when suspended from the roof
rafters in the warmest part of the Odonto-
glossum house. : During the plant’s scason of
active growth a liberal supply of moisture is
needed, but after the pseudo-bulbs are fully
developed. the roots should be kept rather
on the dry side and the plant afforded a
decided season of rest.

THE FLOWER GARDEN.
By W. AUTON, Gardener to VISCOUNT ELVEDEN,
Pyrford Court, Woking, Surrey.

Violas.—The Viola is everybody's
for it may be had in bloom during the
greater part of the year and is useful for
forming edgings to borders, as carpets to larger
plants, or even in beds alone. "Those which
were raised from cuttings inserted last
autumn and planted in early spring are now
bezinning to flower. They are moisture-
loving plants and on light soils need an
abundance of water.: The plantes should be
mulched and have the flowers removed as
they fade, when they will afford a display
of colour during the whole season. Archie
Grant, violet-bluc; Primrose Dame, yellow;
Maggie Mott, lavender; Countess of Hope-

flower

toun, white; and Bronze Prince are good
varietics. |
Specimen Plants.—DLarge vases and tubs

which are stood in various positions on
steps, terraces, and verandahs may now be

planted with such subjects as Fuchsias, Ivy-
leaved Pelargoniums, and Plumbago capensis.
A good, rich compost should be used, and
where several plants are placed in one
receptacle care should be taken that the
compost is well rammed between the balls
of roots. Tubs of Agapanthus, Hydrangeas,
and Oleanders, which have been stored in a
cool house, may also be stood outside in
similar positions.

Asters and Stocks.—These annuals may now

b» planted in their flowering quarters,
choosing, if possible, showery weather for
the work. Plant firmly and water the roots

abundantly in dry weather, until they are
well-established. Rains and watering alike
tend to harden the surface soil to -the
detriment of growth, and it should be
frequently broken with the hoe or cultivator

—— = X መመሯ' — — —

PLANTS UNDER GLASS.

By F. J. CLARK, Gardener to Lt.-Col. SIR.GEORGE
HOLFORD, Westonbirt, Tetbury, Gloucestershire,

Hardwooded Greenhouse Plants.—The period
immediately following the flowering of these
plants provides a favourable time for a
general examination of them. All spent
flowers should be removed without delay,
especially in the case of Azaleas and Rhodo-
dendrons; the operation should be performed
carefully so as not to injure the young
growths which spring from the bases of the
flower stalks. Thrips are apt to get a
lodgment on the plants during the flowering
season, when a free use of the syringe will
not have been possible, therefore, the plants
should be thoroughly cleansed of this pest
before any potting or top-dressing is done.
A top-dressing of new soil applied to those
plants which do not actually require re-
potting, will be of benefit, removing as
much of the old soil as possible and making
sure that the drainage is satisfactory. After
potting or top-dressing them, the plants
Should be given accommodation in a light
house (span-roofed if possible) where they
can be well syringed in the mornings and
afternoons, and for the first few weeks the
house should be closed immediately after the
afternoon syringing.

Camellias.—Opportunity should be taken
after flowering to prune back any plants
which may be needing it, using a sharp
knife for the operation. Give the plants a
thorough cleansing and see that they do. not
suffer from. lack of water at their roots.
Plants growing in pots or portable tubs will
be benefited if accommodation and treatment
can bo afforded them, similar to that advised
for Azaleas, the object being the production
of new growth and the formation .of flower
buds in good time to allow for the proper
ripening of the new wood before winter

arrives.

Propagation,—Cuttings of Euphorbia jacquin-
iaeflora may now be procured from plants
treated as advised in a former calendar.
Take off the young shoots with a slight
heel of the old wood attached. Dip the
base of the cuttings in dry Portland
cement to prevent bleeding, and insert them
singly in thumb pots filled with a mixture
of peat, leaf-mould, loam and sand. Place
the cuttings in a propagating frame in a
temperature of a'*'«ut 70°, and give them
one liberal watering; shade the cuttings
from sunshine and spray them lightly
overhead daily. Coleus thyrsoideus for
winter flowering may also be propagated
now. This plant responds best to warm
greenhouse treatment in its early stages of
growth. Cuttings of Moschosma riparium
inserted now will make good plants for
flowering next winter. It is worth while to
strike a batch of cuttings of Salvia splen-
dens at this late date, from which plants
may be produced to flower at Christmas
and afterwards. |

FRUITS UNDER GLASS.

By F. STREETER, Gardener to MAJOR ALBERT Pay,
Wormley Bury, Broxbourne, Herts.

Peaches and Nectarines in Pots.—Disbudding
and stopping these trees will now call for
constant attention. Work on the same
principal as recommended for the permanent
trees, allowing for the different shape of the
tree and also the restricted root run, which
will cause short. natural spurs to form. Thin
the fruits very carefully, leaving those beat
placed, and allow the trees to carry a crop
that they can finish properly. A zinc collar
placed around the rim of the pot will allow
room for a slight top-dressing and prove very
useful in watering. The trees will require
examining three or four times daily for
water. Use concentrated manures as recom-
mended by the makers; weak liquid ‘manure
applied often will greatly assist the trees to
swell their crop. Syringe the trees copiously
twice daily, until the fruits begin to colour, to
keep down red spider and thrips, which are
sometimes most troublesome. Give plenty of
ventilation at all times, unless ripe fruits
are required as quickly as possible, when the
houses should be closed and sprayed about
5 p.m.

Pot Figs.—Fig eyes that were rooted this
spring will now require potting on from five-
inch to seven-inch pots, as their present
receptacles become filled with roots. Use a
strong loam, to which a five-inch pot of
bone-meal per barrow load of soil has been
added, and plenty of old mortar rubble.
Replunge the pots in the bed of leaves and
keep the trees well syringed. Maintain a very
brisk temperature and admit sufficient air to
prevent scorching of the foliage during the
day, closing the house when the atmosphere
is well charged with moisture, about 4 p.m.
Trees bearing ripe fruits will require watering
carefully. The Fig should never be allowed
to suffer from want of water at any time.
Continue to stop and train in the leading
shoots required for extension and remove all
growths not required entirely. Figs in the
best possible condition for the table should
always have what is termed ‘a tear in the
eye"; this is the sure sign of excellence.”

Melons.—When Melons begin to net and
show signs of ripening, admit more air and
be very sparing with the water can, giving
the roots only sufficient moisture to keep
the plants healthy and prevent them flagging.
See that the nets and supports are not
preventing the stems from swelling, for this
is often the cause of much trouble. Do not
allow water to reach the collars of the
plants, which would cause damping of the
stem. Continue to grow on the successional
batches as advised for early varieties and
make other sowings according to accom-
modation and requirements.

HARDY FRUIT GARDEN.

By E. NEAL, Gardener to J. A. NIX, Esq., Tilgate,
Crawley, Sussex.

Figs.—The young shoots of Fig trees on
walls and under copings are making headway,
and as they grow they will need regulating
and tying to keep them in proper position.
The growths for extension of the trees
should not be very long jointed if the roots
have been properly treated. The border
should be restricted by building up a four-
inch brick wall, two feet three inches under
the ground by three feet square, or they
may be restricted to a semi-circle three feet
from the stem of the tree. The bottom of
the border should be concreted and drained,
putting a layer of brick rubble in the
bottom, and leaving half a brick out of the
wall for the water to escape. If the fruits
have set very freely, reduce them to two

or three to a growth, according to the
strength of the tree. Fruits that were
formed last autumn should be removed

forthwith to give this season's crop every

* e — -

—* y Fara.

May 39 1955.

THE GA RDE: ERE

CH RON 1 C n

— 8፡4 reach: አዘዘ እን ‘planted

restarted: headers: med, ———— UL m

whei aae cat. vid;
Fig beg 4

bec cgi

watering.’ "wepecisliyt

—— — OF he.
feesting plant. oshould |
supplies of hauut manure “Team ;
(iners uM sprinkling dX corte rütéd Tortiliser:
nee i aguiek ie det nature. mas Alon de sod.
obest ^ aene o hee sod wat chenes wer

ለበታ thi. Atnterma | dee completed aratok (ከ6
“border well ነባ. focywst mamee: phe sill:
ND the’ eta: aal Sud ^ igat: - “Atter net
dave: Aviad bus Crisis hase ae eet des
iol vt ond spider. TAM: j
~The
አሕ] አንል reheat:
- ፅከ5 phar ta
:.: 889. doedeimiie the raps’,

' ዕ፡ ain ORO ; ot *
qme ለና“ -
“orn aronad-

a H %:- grise

: »E

ዲሖ roy

EN quantis xac alów 2 ens ME በከፍተና “by

ce - theres xp ered: ህበ hem. Mew may | -
‘pani caps dee ከ ር ይ dier y "fiuele wet
nnd. Liam axes ter oam — በመሠዝዴ

pee pear 488: Jine with No,
e — “ይ — bs

THE KITCHEN GARDEN,

De ru Pance, painter fie Mie. Has. wes
| Filist eyi, nakite cx

Beskiicón ፡ pe: eset 48: ቤ.
with the Ab eent: Bms ot Prassicas.
Mae weed 898. ከተያ dene “piii.
-ከ5ህ11፣ ከ6 quant ነሆ nr tems
quarters an Wherever —— —
^ ivaitable- "EX w posibi: Stew. A Fine,
Transplanting” whew othe: ground '
Che wether: stiawerg, dis- this: 11 —
labour. 11) watenngu and: ihe pinta piwne
aget ም ም ብ quier ai amp
never alb the: ዞቫበጻ]]ዞዮ -› pilimi ERE: “Inte Kid:

uva ፤፪,

ከነቁ

Jure ground. will ርበ — EPI — par
X ruaig I ROES,
dips

አሄ 89901 Potatoes” any GS PEC.
«ut fap "Broccoli. hares euet KE hy
nde. jBtrAS berry ‘heat ds linge cns lake
lites cad - any” variety 81: which, horn planting, Sr
there: dec Mele: የክ. upecao ARONO d ;
ባከነ, cmn uie. ' ክህ. Nabe aad

dod bo: ready:

Cad. ሂክቦ; sedliga cows

ut. both. ithe: Cos: ‹6ሀ1. ፥ክ6:: Cabbage.

grow th which. 88 yanta. 59. ፡ዐከህህኳህነ፪ rice

Crist head with. good” ioris)

—— tà ከህፈሸከሄያር whene thay are sow
Cà sharp wateh for. binds. ak they ure very

"grose: ዝያ GPone ada bil,
; £opiem 2

the fara

4 thé
Aphis.
Seely

-pansidena bie. Size Let
85. "AmE, Ati els yen: dh. Roar |

als plant. Be neh: ibat e uv dei OE
Ages bes c

ከ88. -
Sitter: 1፲፲ቪቬቤ the ibas: Rave oR —

Ut i£. ANS.
Satheptidn: aa

‘he: 9681 pittig 2
piespeead. አ comer xf: he iata FR dase:

cy» dents "iwi df rne kevi: ብዕ tet destete: E portal

2 pee AM

Ausy f time EM A
456 M

oe N.
"4808: didi
(በከነ E:

— X ; $

RTR A Ys 8
Warm, a m
CM "Bowie ! ከ፪: JTünti atit. ሳቢና”. ha^ "ride 114:
po X
-Maaring ABE ይነ: An rack - KOTOUN — DES bosco ud
"Lettues.— Tue different Tiati Tien 'ህጅ" ደኪ TNR Me
ነህ
‘gre’ growing- apuiekly; Never nllo. the plante -
(t0 become Hry, 80 as fo eosin gnod, quick -

‘Sow meds nt. < ME
mods o tourtecn days, Hivndy: ei wi : 5
OC. s

rS ds b dise over the: round: te
“በ liberal.
.::: ባህክቨክፒቭቻ id frealy ህዘጀበ may. alen . be dug tis
Tater am thé- season slight
pnaklogs of an approve arto! manure

dresses 87. lione-rmea] í

naay. be: given ክበ worked jn witte the ከ69.

:: 86ሐል-- A Eloss wntih. 2ከ6814:.
young - ሂየዌኒክ፡፡ fir
nnd. ቴክክህሳ፡፡ጽ Bow. aes: ፡ 061).
tla with du “the: paye ater:
‘aging suite Lhe ‘specifies, < Showa. ans: neken
dovtelop Profis the: sticks). gemowyeé then |
ones. for M. thue. * A atta uns
: 9111: Appropriate

pe kopt Du

dadoor Chirjsantheuwtat. - A TN “ክቡ |
ANC Grenn tone sboubd

nee

——— — —
ቅ ርቶ

MT stood: tafor: SARE un f and

Verri. SAU.

መዋ we sa. Waage BT baton in s i JA E.

eater. * e
Potetor.. -— S PAURA: will iow. En —

Ahonld ^ Yu ‘taken ከ —

dee: duhkn peta doa lurge 19 Jork Ttw een the

sd time: Xo darth cup; the
(cx round “pd rond; that bas. decani: |
ክበ '‹ክ ኤርባ. ‹[ያቦዘኗክ- ripis, 14. ኣግቶኛ Aout ta
‘Yreak: cups finely t0 auntie | Wie vorrbing e je

be.

FOR NORTHERN ‘GARDENERS. .

(Be JAMES JEFFERY, figetener tà 68 Exi. nf. Loa LR,
awe £ aste, Pentith, ዥ satimoreland... ;

Spring: ‘Bedding. wg 16 E ls

V ery

cei: #9ርክ - planta. as Walflowers; “Tlips - Apnd -

Myosotis: urn still 18: full Bees ürud.- ihe
፣ ባበኛ81. dos በ686. — far: J— eddie
quanta ean. opiy. - take placé "ato ote st:
— —— 8፡98. au ow hich: spring. Bowers dias
deem: grown. 38: usually oe Navy, dong verished
^ “በ1106 hen; the plants nre ocenieven, : Ana Coe
Tops eques | EU ከ8- we: apnea usi
, resulte: 509 1፡ ከ. Atenea :160::6. alie. hak ts
Oy. are) 46 HIVE ሂከ፡: aries NBG ;rdusplas.o
Sdi, ap: oquemtapes E 3ኪየየቪኛ6 ard.

“this. anes ax "he Bar በርና ve rs. welt; GNE i
: qe y Portar. rs

"would: 88 ወች #ክይ

oat t ም አ he des a

Ehi proves de A geeat help- ahinan tit 2.
TOw$. ds. ከ።ጴኞሦ c

: p Un
^am

heavy texrurà 'add - Ibe ral quant ties OE sharp.
aver Rand
1 mortar’
“aceount Se ariak Tosmure..
bedeficiul |
r: Hreini when, the yeu are growing topdi -

“ፈጋ PO

| fortunately;
‘gardens: curing the. — 1888#:--:
However: tine je parbank: tt erably: RE 749 arr, ኣ
“ያከ APIS af one cx
T TR ima. Desc" be rade
drstismt es

dE 261.7.

SEI.
Show.’

RA Award üf sternit; ehe.

, )
ኣሪ

Himes: Should. ‘shin: TAR ‘he. ot a,
1o

it, 9ሀሠ0.ጺ ባዜ tity
'vuhbls . à

‘Broken - finely; but ባበ
This lotter:

(given: Tater Aso 8. npg

arity .ማጉዝ1ፍ ünd .Audgáüst, when x. PAPA psi
በለኛ der given eter bm, Mayes Care’ attr: 814:
— de. deat. dns GA that ^im ors te. owel

drained. A Tee Palink hares: added S

thie: «በ1086 quoterint will benefit the- pints
18. alare
E "hrysontletnuema Sei
ኮክ Gies Abend: 288591: doors - -OYE borin:

OW rg thi: dunfali an:

ayeee ‘hetter dli

E ti. s

Runner "Beans, - ራሙ ከጨ.

failed ta

JBeüng
Ert xx "UNE

Soe AALS + 45:
at” FT 18068.

— TONER A

ድ አሕ. week di —

vihe: ppearinds | በ፻
“ere
ys CÉauipe:
blooms. af which wilt
etd ,ከ551: Yosa አፐ Same. *

quiin de *

dh S

cot

—
apecinliy etri. baa iv. Bot Apparently: ተቺ...
sells. welt ex 3 often: nok 8099. notog. Che.
OUNLA ^Ckr Bhs dels
before: Sie Floral. M

of wh -
86. ;

“he conid pitesant.: Ispit: " ONSE x
Committee of. the National Bahitin Sécietvowahy 7
a; ‘eertamby AE tho: variety panine በጩዘክክከርክ68 MSIE
past, 4) 11 uu

Cünnti less: ducis]: 9889 8.
ሀ: Ave ave Tech. Poplar:
:.. ted”
bBeuyy- dt —
thee:

: "quati ‘Oot VOS n
a ie, SE tuu - በሀ] opked z
ES opportunity.

5. paring deser

the: domes
«Are e ባቢ in cold trames the planis. honid-- 3!
oder tawip for Tratiepleting meok: jaars aau
Te Hn

ዚክዘጽ f LOWERS,

— n

MODERN DAHLIAS. |
Ts ጠቋር popular varmtiea of “Dabliaa tor

pardón: deenratn ara those possessing long. -<
atii. ^winclke Hower stais, that wart. flower. --
‘ely መ the: ይይ. . AP OU
er aene height. end - ves us. Hroni wealth :
ub. benubitnl furen Peobubls am fhe pap co
Adsthenmiigs - Hee oS

NU un
sindóruble pue Aero

ing. Par

‘Dahlia Eus

‘pack, ell. whan

ET iarr ael err dd à
Neer where Chines MENS en. epithe’ us
establisinnent of n grower of vut. bleoms. dor-

3 dmerket, and eli; year he devotes bigger qilbta: .
zt. ground to the variety: Millie, Seupham; that.
| was caiand or introdbüred. bo Mr. Henry Camüelh =
Tb.
Dott has double bion OP: Wh: yellow firme i

“Swanley, uvero thirty? Pours’,

JR

185.- TDIDSMA. vNIFLORA.

X “Ronit -Atieno ህከ Ades. koown us. Adenandra ዐር 918.
“Famers: ytte, omit pead dine ul base ot "De: Shan OF: dee Ac * Bóscawen (see ». 957»

5

መለ du ite: ‘velour thiare | is nothing .

lants eng mora. 4H t e:

WEES an the.
mE hibition | s ariet —
“pepe C

“Raisers: vf.
their.’ ባህርይ

We
E T

<P.

Segre x

Burbs
net i Henny

uh CONDE
Menising.

preau
sit mAr a ali d

taa “'ጭ ወሰ

:8181፡9... ‹ theis with:

NS

ronsiderable . «eriiniercial Vahiy. ut
"Nm Dahlia iW በ prester. demand |

ጫ

gs ነያ UM

Rb 2c
"Last year. 1 Wiis oy
ef^ Dutch drop,
2፡14. የአላ እያ
: የ[ዜፐ ment:
was not es aueh: p Wierount . ut fes. fowren. i
as the Hnmense^ length vf. gem DOR
(ከ፳ this résubted’ የ005. TON paaie. anethed dirae
፦ Ye BE:
Wigley (this yer’: dor: Pahli, pene
ter judge the) planis’ as erwin: - 1) eo)
they prodi, « auth) stems naiwally then: hoyo s.
“botir Tave. ;

top MITIS y. Te P » d

an: snap: Qr MA
tame. na Hae. ቋፍ. growing, balding, ‘Bape —

370 .

Coltness Gem, and at no distant date it
should be as popular for planting in bedding
schemes as the scarlet Pelargonium. Pink
Pearl is a newer variety of this type, and
this. is likely to become very popular. Specially
fine plants of it were to be seen in one or
two public gardens last year, where they stood
out conspicuously, not only on account of
their colour, but also their prolific quality cf
flowering, as well as the splendid habit of
the plant. The blooms are small. Another
good small-flowered Dahlia suitable for massing
i8 Jeweltee. This forms a short bush, smothered
with blossom, and is as good as anything
the Dutch growers have introduced. Another
fine sort from a similar source is the variety
Mr. H. C. Dresselhuys, with soft pink flowers.
So far as my experience goes with it, how-
ever, some of the later, soft top growth must.
be removed from the plant to get the blooms
well up above the foliage.

Delice, the soft pink French-raised Dahlia
is a very old variety ; yet it is doubtful if
there is another that is its equal - for
supplying cut blooms. It is.& medium-sized
flower. These medium-sized blooms appeal
to present-day growers, and the following. are
some of the many sorts that seem specially
commendable, and are mostly to be found
in specialists’ lists. Among the small Decor-
ative and Miniature - Paeony types the
following are to be recommended :—Dazzle,
a fine red Dahlia; Crimson Flag, a
deeper shade of red and with more double
flowers; Norah Bell, carmine and lemon;
Our Annie, light pink; Charmer, orange and
rose tints; and Pearl, delicate pink.

These are all very charming Dahlias; so is
Brentwood Star, which is somewhat single in
formation and pink in colour. Lemur is a
distinct Dahlia of the single type, with deep
crimson flowers and dark, metallic foliage.
Varieties of a more double nature than those
named above are:—Carine, orange colour:
Raider, cinnamon shade; Tipsy, scarlet;
Reginald Cory, crimson and white; Aglaia,
fawn shade; Vida, amber tint; Feodora,
cerise. These are all first-rate varieties in
the garden.

Varieties
admirers ;

bearing
these make
background in borders and so on.
number of additions each year in
section is considerable, and the following
sorts are all excellent: Aphrodite, white;
Cambria, pink; Dr. Tevis, rosy-salmon, a
favoured American sort; King Harold, dark

larger blooms find
showy plante as a
The
this

crimson; Millionaire, lavender shade; Mrs.
Carl Salbach, rose-pink; Nancy, light pink,
medium-sized bloom ; President Wilson,
scarlet; Psyche, rich yellow, very showy:
Porthos, lilac-blue tint; and Roy - - Hay,
orange.

Cactus Dahlias may be termed modern,
inasmuch as each year brings forms more
beautiful than those generally known, but

the Cactus Dahlia is for exhibitors, pure and
simple. It fails as a garden plant and is
practically useless unless the branches are
thinned and , general high cultivation is
given.

Beauty of Penshurst and Virginia are two
good Dahlias of this type, soft pink in
colour. Their narrow and numerous florets
curl to the centre and the points almost
touch. H. S., Woking.

NEW PERPETUAL-FLOWERING

CARNATIONS.

THE following varieties of perpetual-flower-
ing Carnations have been registered by the
British Carnation Society :—

Mrs. H. LvNCH.—AÀ seedling variety raised
from Robert Craig crossed with R. F. Felton.
The colour is brilliant scarlet; the flower
measures three-and-a-half to four inches across
and is slightly fragrant. The plant is of
vigorous growth and develops its blooms on
wiry stems. This variety is said to be very
free-flowering, and the colour is exceptionally
good throughout the winter months. Registered
by Mr. A. Swann, gardener to Major H.

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

Lynch, Colwood, Warninglid, Haywards

Heath.

Mrs. W. H. ጅሊ6ጅ.---ሏ new seedling variety
of bright, glistening pink colour, said to be
very beautiful in winter and of a much deeper
tone in summer. The bloom measures three-
and-a-half inches (across, and possesses
moderate fragrance.' The calyx is good, the
flower stems long end strong. The colour is
said to be distinct in Carnations, and the
plant possesses a good habit. Registered ty
Mr. ነኛ. H. Paar, Hampton.

HEADLAND’s BrEAUTY.—This is a rose-pink
variety possessing very gocd fragrance, and
producing its blooms on long, stiff stems.
The flowers are three to four inches across
and very freely produced. The plant is said
to be easily propagated and a good, strong
grower, blooming the whole year round. The

calyx is non-splitting. Registered by R.
CHETWYND STAPYLTON, Esq. (gr. Mr. W.
Meager), Headlands, Great Berkhamsted,
Hertfordshire.

Mary PEARSON.—A seedling of deep helio-
trope colour, the bloom measuring three
inches in diameter and possessing gocd
fragrance. The habit of the plant is good
and the flower stem strong, the variety being
a sturdy grower generally. The colour is a
little deeper than that of Arnos Grove, a
variety of the same size of bloom. Registered
by Messrs. Stuart Low anD Co., Bush
Hill Park.

Eros.—A seedling variety of salmon-pink
colour. The bloom measures three-and-a-half
inches across, and both habit and stem aro
said to be good.

NANETTE.—A salmon-pink variety possessing
good fragrance, the bloom measuring three
inches in diameter. These two last were
registered by Mr. H. T. Mason, Hampton
Hill.

CANADA.—A seedling variety of flesh pink
colour; the bloom measures three-and-a-half
inches in diameter and is fragrant; both the
habit and stem are good.

RovcE—A red variety, with a bloom
measuring four inches in diameter and possess-
ing good fragrance; both the habit and stem
are said to be good. These two last were
registered by Mr. C. ENGELMANN, Saffron
Walden.

TREES AND SHRUBS.

FRAGRANT FLOWERING SHRUBS.

AMONGST the many beautiful flowering.
shrubs which adorn our. gardens there are
some which have the additional merit of
high fragrance. Many are fqund to be
sweet-smelling when fragrance is actually sought
after, but there are a few which are
outstanding in this respect, and arrest the
attention of the passer-by, even at a
considerable distance.

In some instances the flowers are incon-
spicuous, as for example, those of Azara
microphylla, but this shortcoming is some-
what lessened by the fact that this species
is a beautiful evergreen, but in most other
genera the flowers are very effective.

A little thought must be given to the
placing of these subjects when planting.

Those known to be slightly tender may
be grown on a dwelling-house wall and
others may be planted in close proximity
to the house, especially near windows of
the most frequented rooms.

In enumerating the few subjects I have
chosen, it will be found possible to have a
succession of sweet-scented flowers. over an
extended period.

Lonicera fragrantissima is an evergreen.
but often loses most of its leaves during
very severe winters. It is not a showy

shrub, but its creamy white flowers, produced

in mid-winter, are deliciously perfumed.
Berberis japonica is an erect-growing

evergreen about six feet to eight feet high,

May 30, 1925.

having large, handsome, compound, dark
green leaves. frequently tinted with golden-
bronze. Its pale, yellow flowers are produced

in either horizontal or drooping racemes.
Flowering commences about Christmas, and
this fine shrub is at its best about

February, when the bush exhales a
powerful perfume resembling that of Lily-of-
the-Valley.

Azara microphylla is an evergreen

fect to twelve feet in
height. In favoured localities it will attain
tree-like dimensions. In exposed districts
the protection of a wall would be beneficial
to this shrub. At Wisley it grows quite
well in the open, and only when ex

to long spells of cold, east wind is it likely
to suffer. With its numerous, small, glossy,
dark.green leaves and characteristic branch
arrangement, it is a pleasing shrub at all
Seasons. It bears inconspicuous flowers
during February and March, of which the
yellow stamens are the most showy part,
and fills the surrounding air with its Vanilla-
like fragrance.

Nuttalia cerasiformis is a deciduous shrub
producing many stems, which spring from
below the ground and form a dense bush,
usually attaining the height of six feet to
eight feet. Its white flowers are produced
in February and March on the leafless
shoots of the previous year's wood. Although
the flowers are not so effective as those of
other shrubs of the same season, this is

averaging from ten

compensated for by their unique Almond
fragrance.

The staminate form is of more refined
habit, and flowers more freely than the

pistillate form, but when growing together,
the latter produces oval fruits, which are -
purple when ripe.

Daphne Mezereum is a deciduous, erect
shrub usually growing about four feet high,
and preferring a cool position. It probably
succeeds best in the northern counties.

Closely-packed, deliciously-fragrant, purplish-
red flowers are produced from January to
April on leafless laterals of the previous
year's wood. There is a variety which
bears creamy-white flowers, which is a
slightly stronger grower than the type.
These are also pure white, and double white
forms. |

Skimmia japonica is a low-growing: ever-
green of Laurel-like habit, seldom higher
than four feet. It will tolerate partial
shade. Abundant white flowers are borne
during March and April in terminal panicles
about three-inches long in the case of the
staminate, but only about one-inch on the
pistillate form. Although the male plant is
by far the most effective when in flower,
it is advisable to plant both forms, either
together, or at least in close proximity, as
the female plant when fertilised is one of
the best berried shrubs during autumn and
winter.

Viburnum Carlesii is a-deciduous shrub of
about four feet in height. The flower buds
are visible in autumn, and in this stage
are carried through the winter. The wax.
like flowers open towards the end of April
and are first pink, but turn white as they
age. This is one of the most fragrant of
all flowering shrubs.

Although not very well-known at present,
another member of this family, V. fragrans,
is worth noting. Its flowers are similar to
those of V. Carlesii, but they open very

early in the year; these also are very
sweetly-scented.

Clethra alnifolia is an erect-growing,
deciducus shrub. ranging from six-feet to
eight-fect in height. preferring a moist or
peaty soil. White flowers are produced on

the end of the current year's wood during
August, at a time when there is a scarcity
of shrubs in flower. Although not quite so .
fragrant as some of those already mentioned,
it is a very valuable shrub for that pericd
of the vear, l

-

— — —

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372
perhaps ten feet from the base of the parent,
and if these are not checked deterioration is
inevitable. We make a practise of pulling up
all suckers so soon as they are discovered,
save any that may be wanted for propagating.
Regarding the latter, we usually reserve two
or three of the strongest off-sets and allow
them to grow until they are about two years
old. These are moved into a nursery bed,
or planted where they are. intended to grow.

There is one other point in the culture of
the Californian Bush Poppy which may be
alluded to and that is the desirability of
cutting the plant back to the base every
spring. Doubtless one forfeits comparatively
early flowers by this treatment, but I am
convinced that it makes far better and
stronger growths, more of them, and bigger
and more numerous flowers. R. Coulteri does
not seem to mind how poor the soil ir,
provided the latter is well drained and stony.
In fact the more stony it is the better dovs
the plant seem to thrive. A. T. Johnson.

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

The Fruits of France.

Tais new book* by Dr. Henri Leclerc
contains thirty-seven essays of varying
length, cach devoted to a particular
fruit. A benign humanism breathes through

its pages; for although his purpose is in
the main medical, his love for the beautiful,
the mythological, the historical, and even
the humorous, has enabled him to write a
book that appeals to everyone. Written in
that clear, concise style which is character-
istic of the French savant, his book is
valuable both as a contribution to a depart-
ment of the history of medical botany, and

as a résumé of the latest researches into
the chemistry of fruits. Nearly every
ehapter includes a chemical analysis: and

there is & piquancy in the way in which he
sometimes passes rapidly from quotations
from the old boranists to a neat little table
of chemical analyses, commencing with Water
and ending with Insoluble Matter! For him
the history of botany is not a detached
phenomenon to be regarded as far removed
from modern practice. Throughout the book

we find him quoting the older botanists,
from Theophrastus onwards. not only with
intimate knowledge and rare restraint, but

also with a sense of the essential continuity
of all learning. For example, in speaking of

the old medical uses of the Pomegranate,
he refers to the confirmation given by

Francis Buchanan in 1807, whilst in India,
to the efficacy of the skin of the root as a
remedy for

tape worm—a remedy recom-
mended in earlier times by Dioscorides,
Pliny, Celsus, and others—Buchanan having

seen it used with success by the Hindoos.
In his chapter on the Apple, after
referring to its mythology and early history,

he gives some eleventh century citations
confirming its cultivation in Normandy for
cider ‘making. Among the curious old

medical observations is the following: ‘La
Bruyére-Champier points out the case of a
secretary of Francis I., who was unable to
smell an Apple without immediately being
taken with an attack of bleeding at the
nose"! In this chapter also, is a recipe
for making Apple jelly, taken from Le
confiurter francois, 1660. On another page
18 the recipe for a mixed marmalade made
from Strawberries, Cherries. Raspberries, and
Gooseberries. Turning next to the Strawherry,
we find an interesting quotation from a
work dated 1600 as to the eating of wild
Scrawberries with cream, ‘after sprinkling
them with sugar." This chapter ends with
a charming phrase used by Bernárdin de
Saint-Pierre, which may be translated, that

ቀ Les Fruits de France, historique, düttique et thira-
peutique. Par Henri Leclerc. (Masson et Cie., Editeurs,
Paris, 1025). pp. 274. Fr. 12.

-

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

the Strawberry plant ''interlaces the ground
with its branchings and benefits.” Of the
cooking of Chestnuts we are told that early
in the sixteenth century they were cooked
inside a pierced saucepan and eaten with
cheese: and in 1578 the celebrated doctor
Mizauld called attention to the very necessary
precaution of cutting the Chestnuts with a
knife before roasting them! After quoting
Some very pessimistic early opinions as to
the merits of the Melon, this quaint anecdote
is added: * Without taking these things too
tragically, a practitioner of Lyons of whom
Simon Paulli speaks (in a work published in
1666) recognised in the Melon a redoubtable
auxiliary to the Fates: having amassed a
large fortune in the exercise of his profossion
he built a mansion which bore over its front
door the following distich :—
Les Concombres et les Melons
Mont fait bastir cette maison.”

Of the Orange we read, that Ninon de
Lenclos (1615-1706). attributed her prolonged
youthfulness to her habit of eating a dozen
a day.

ln a book dealing primarily with the
therapeutic properties of fruits, we do not
expact to find any very full treatment of
the origin of cultivated fruits. There are,
however, several interesting references to this
subject, as for example, that the Black
Currant “grows wild in Franco, in the woods
and valleys of Auvergne, Mont Cenis, Piedmont,
Switzerland, Sweden, Germany, and Siberia.”
Used medicinally before its adoption as a
table-fruit, ‘its use had only become common
in 1712, following a pamphlet by the Abbé
P. Bailly de Montaran dedicated to its
admirable. properties." (The edition cited in
the footnote is dated 1749). Upon the Red
Currant also he has something to say, in
contradiction to a generally accepted opinion
that it was introdveed into France by the
Danes and Normans: ** But to that one may
object that it grows wild in nearly the whole
of Great Britain and in Normandy, and that
the name it bears in Brittany implies an
earlier culture than thet of the Normans in
the West of France; the Bretons, in fact,
call the Currants Kastileé, word derived from
gardiz, which means in their language rude,
harsh, sour (rude, (pre, aigre)."

There are several very interesting references
to the botany of the classical poets, notably
in the case of the Beech as mentioned by
Virgil. In his chapter on “ La Faine” (Mast
or Beech-nut) Dr. Leclerc’ introduces the
subject by referring to the great love for
Beech-trees expressed by liis friend, Professor
Edon, who, he says, although the most con-
ciliatory and gentle of humanists, can scarcely
restrain his wrath against certain commentators
of Virgil who consider that by the word
fagus the poet was referring, not to the
Beech, but to either the Oak or the Chestnut.
He adds: ‘It is not, however. without reason
that he has accused them of being dim-
sighted; the arguments seem decisive which
enable us to recognise the Beech in the fagus
of the Romans; without speaking of the
epithets. which Virgil has given it, and which
agree with its tall stature (alfa) with the
development of its branches (patula), with the
bushy appearance of its foliage (densa), which
do not allow the rays of the sun to penetrate
(umbrosa) we have Pliny's testimony, which
shows us its fruit resembling a stone, and
contained in a triangular envelope, fagi gluns
nuclei similis, triangula cute includitur." (Pliny,
Hist. nat., lib. XVI. cap. VI.)

Dr. Leclerc has a happy way of describing
in a few words the beauties of the various
fruits; but these descriptions must he read
in the original French to appreciate their
merits. There is a good index, to which our
kindly author places a footnote, that he
‘‘owes it to the affectionate collaboration of
my learned friend, Dr. Robert Van der Elst."
The book is without illustrations, unless the
boldly drawn head-pieces to the chapters,
representing fruits in an appropriately decorative
way. may be considered as such. S. Savage.

May 30, 1925

APPLE LEAF . SCORCH. |

NUMEROUS analyses and estimates have
been made of Apple tree requirements
based on removal data, especially perhaps
in France, for instance an adult tree pro-
ducing 8K. of wood, 15K. of leaves, and
100K. of fruit has been estimated to remove
and require 20g. nitrogen, 5g. phosphoric
acid, 20g. potash, and 40g. of lime: contrast
this with the Long Ashton proportions
(used on growing trees, however)—nitrogen
1.1, phosphoric acid 0.5, potash 0.67, lime
(as CaO) 0.41. It is commonly understood
that normally, potash is absorbed in the
form of carbonate or perhaps .some organic
combination; what chance have these pot
trees to get their potash or indeed other
constituents in normal form? And this leads
to an emphasis on the absence of controls
in the trials. It is almost axiomatic in
experimental research that the validity of a
result depends upon the validity of the
blank or control trials; and we have no
account of any controls, one looks in vain
for the presence of carbonates, of humic
matters, or to mention but one other item,
of zeolith complexes in parallel trials,
wherein perchance the osmotic mechanisms
of the roots would not be exposed to such
strange conditions, as when confronted with
the ‘nutrient solutions" that were employed.

I have now succeeded in seeing the 1923
Report, and find that what is called 8
nitrogen - potash ratio is now in vogue; by
this apparently a nitrate-nitrogen - potash
ratio is meant, as no other form of nitrogen
appears in the trials. lf Market Grower or
others have total nitrogen estimates made
on their soils and reckon all as nitrates,
they would well bie them nimbly to peg
out claims for planting, hard by to
Stassfurt! A prominent item in this report
is the addition of sodium silicate, the nature
of which—for there are silicates and silicates
and stil more mixtures of silicates—and its
chemical effect on the components of the
nutrient solution are treated with silence.
Perhaps the idea was to add the ubiquitous
element, silicon, to the pabulum, but no
analytical data are given to show successful
absorption.

It is gratifying to find Mr. Wallace (Gard.
Chron., April 18, p. 273), supporting my
contention that the data I quoted from his
papers support the view that the simple
potash supposition has no clear issue. Thus
he reverberates the combination of absence
of leave scorch with absence of potash in
the rain-water fed trees, and rain water
should not contain more potash than all
the blood of existing dodos, though it might
well have traces of nitrogenous compounds.
He reiterates the uncertainty of the varied
results of the magnesia proposition. He
agrees with me, when I contend that with
the nutrient solutions, the apparent potash
protection **only points to some sheltering
effect against the untoward action of the
other or of some of the other salts in the
solution"; in other words he ousts the
simple potash notion. Yet, on this evidence
I heard a friend advised to expend con-
siderable sums on potash manuring on 8
soil rich in total potash—1 think that one
of our great soil experts says somewhere
that the business of the expert is to make
locked up treasures available to the farmer
rather than needlessly adding to what is
already there.

My reference to Dr. Dyer’s work was taken
from a rough note on available potash, and
having erroneously in m'nd that it was a general
all-round limit I carelessly only confirmed the
source and not the substance; Mr. Wallace
very properly remarks that the figure was
for Barley. But so far as concerns per-
centages for Apple soils, it is of little
moment, for (Long Ashton Report, 1921, p. 92).
the scorch centres A and F (0.0181 and
0.0133) contrast with the non-scorch centre
H (0.0129). It may be disappointing that

Max ' 30, 1925.

not መ ን መይ ha.

dredainge. dave been given, seems to. me
IMP se slight Beientfie interesi- in 11)6. ——
LT is ES 10616. (AB due what controle there: CADO.
(ur coBether. tha; available potash waa abser-

oo B iater “idea, what mere che nitrogen. dE
ጠየ. ‘pitrate-nitedgen-prtdel : fatos. ‘om: the:
control and on- the treated: 'ዐቦ!ሮከ58. | ————
ce: tat’ ወጻ (አከር DCRd : ከፀፍስሄይ?, - deaf
16. ihe. field 688. — from: aber

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374

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— — — — — — — መመመ መመመ —— —
— — — — — — — — ጣዬ — መ

THE GARDEN IN ANTIQUITY.
VI.—OLD EGY PTIAN VINE-CULTURE.
may be misled ከሃ

OW easily we
H unguarded or inaccurate statements
respecting the garden-craft of ancient
times appears from the following.

A report came from Assuan, dated March
10, 1925, to the effect that a church dating
from the 8th cent. A.D. had been dis-
covered. ‘The beptistry of the Church
was found complete. Other parts unearthed
include the defence towns, the monks
agit and .secondary buildings such as
the brick kiln, the wine press, an apparatus
for grinding corn, &c. The discovery of the
wine press i» interesting, as it has hitherto
been thought that Egypt did not produce
wine. Petrified Grapes were found in the
prees.”—Reuter. So runs the report. What
exactly is meant by ‘petrified Grapes”
one would greatly like to know. But
whence came the idea that Egypt did not
produce wine? We may perhaps trace it,
in the first place, if it really existed among
the well-informed, to a statement made by
Herodotus. “The Egyptians who inhabit
those parts of Egypt which are sowed with
corn, are (he states), of all nations I ever
saw, the greatest reasoners about the monu
ments of antiquity and actions of mankind.

Their manner of life is this . . . They
make their bread of olyra [probably the
doora of modern Egypt] and call it by the

name of Collestis; but their wine is made
of Barley, because they have no vines in
that country." It is clear from this, some
might say, that in the time of Herodotus
the vine was unknown in Egypt. To which
it may be replied, in the first place, that
this is not necessarily the inference to be
drawn from the phrase “in that country ;”
and in the second place, that if such were
the only conclusion to be reached, Hero-
dotus must be at fault. But that Herodotus
was not at fault may be proved by his
statements elsewhere, and by the fact that
his references to Egyptian wine made from
the vine are to be verified in many ways.
If we turn back a few pages (Euterpe,
ch. lx.) we shall find it stated that, when
the worshippers arrive at Bubastis, ‘they
celebrate the festival with numerous sacrifices,
and consume more wine (of Grapes) than in
all the rest of the year." Most emphatic,
also, is the statement (Euterpe, ch. 37)
respecting the priests. ‘They enjoy- great
advantages, for they are never disturbed

— — — መ ———— —

he two departments. —

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

— — ድር > — —— Nn o -“-- — ————— — — ————

with domestic cares and expenses. They eat
the consecrated bread and . have an
allowance of wine.” In each of these
quotations the word for the vine (ampelos)
occurs, or vinous wine (vinos ampelinos) is
specified by way of emphasis, to distinguish
it from Palm wine or the beverage made
from Barley. Thus Dr. Turner in his Notes
on Herodotus remarks that ampelinos is
added for distinction; the expression “they
have no vines in that country" being ‘an
assertion which doubtless applied only to
that part of Egypt marked out for the
cultivation of corn. For though the juice
of the Grape came far more into use after
the reign of Psammetichus, yet it is evident
that the ancient Egyptians were neither
unacquainted with the vine, nor with wine
made from it.”

lt is, however, necessary to go into the
proofs of this assertion, and it may be
affirmed at the outset that the evidence in

favour of the vine being known in ancient
Egypt is overwhelming, whether we take
the statements of the classical authors , of

Greece and Rome, the testimony of Scripture, .

the allusions to be found to it in Egyptian
records, or the inferences to be drawn from
old-time usages and customs. Let us begin
with evidence which is familiar to all.
In the Book of Exodus we read that ‘the
butler of the King of Egypt and his baker
offended their lord the King of Egypt.
And Pharoah was wroth against the chief
of the butlers and against the chief of the
bakers.” So he put them in prison, where the
butler had a dream, which he told to
Joseph. **In my dream, behold, a vine was
before me; and in the vine were three
branches; and it was as though it budded,
and its blossoms shot forth; and the
clusters thereof brought forth ripe Grapes;
and Phareah’s cup was in my hand; and
l took the Grapes and pressed them into
Pharoah’s cup, and I gave the cup into
Pharoah’s hand." It is surely astounding,
in the light of this statement, to read that
“it has hitherto been thought that Egypt
did not produce wine.” What is the
meaning of the words used by the Congre-
gation of Israel in their murmurings against
Moses and Aaron? ‘Wherefore have ye
made us to come up out of Egypt to
bring us into this evil place? It is no
place of seed, or of vines, or of Pome.
granates,” (Numb. XX., 5) Surely any
allusion to these plants would be :meaning-
less if the people had not been familiar
with them in the land of their captivity.
Equally unlikely is it that the Psalmist
would say: ‘Thou broughtest a vine out of

Egypt” (Psalm LXXX. 8) if it were
known that the vine was alien to that
country.

When we turn to the Greek and Latin
authors we find that the Classics abound in
allusions either to the vine of Egypt or to
the presence of the vine and its fruit there.
If we revert to Herodotus we find him
alluding to the cities of Apis and Marea
(Euterpe, ch. 18, 5, and ch. 30., 10), on the
frontier next to the borders of Libya. Now
the mention of Marea at once recalla the
words of Horace :—

Nunc ist bibendum
Mentemque lymphatam Mareotica, etc.,
Carm. 1. 87.

The commentators inform us that Mareotic
wine was from the shores of Lake Mareotis
in the neighbourhood of Alexandria. Much
learned ink has been spilled over the question
of :the geography of Herodotus, but the
facta are sufficiently clear. He is on the
whole a trustworthy writer, and both his
geography and his natural history show first.
hand knowledge. Marea and Mareota are
given by the authorities as a lake and city
of Lower Egypt, where the vine flourished
and a famous wine was produced. The region
where the city stood is to-day known as
Mariuth, but is well-nigh a desert.

If now we tum to Virgil we find him

May 90, 1925.

enumerating the different kinds of Grape
vines in the following lines :— | .
"One kind of cluster hangs upon our
trees,
Another dangles from Methymna’s vine,
Thasians there are and Mareotid whites,
(Rich soils prefer the second, light the
first), |
Psithian for raisin wine. and dry Lagene."
Georgica ii, 105-110.
So the words are rendered by Royds in
the Everyman Edition of the Kelogues and
Georgics (p. 95)
In the worship of the goddess named Isis
(says Herodotus, Euterpe, ch. xl) they
sacrifice a bullock, filling the body with fine
bread, honey, dried Raisins, Figs, incense,
myrrh. and other perfumes. True, some of
the ingredients may have been imported, but
there is every reason to believe that the
Raisins or dried Grapes were home grown.
In his Outlines of a New Commentary on
Solomon’s Song (p. 140) Harmer refers to
vine arbours as being common in the
Egyptian gardens. In further confirmation
reference may be made to two Greek writers
of nineteen centuries ago, Strabo and Diodorus
Siculus (ch. i., 36). Herodotus, moreover,
identifies the Egyptian deity named Osiris
with Bacchus, who was known as the inventor
of wine.

This error respecting the vine has been
often repeated. Reland, who wrote a learned
work on the Holy Land, says (Palaest.
Illust., 1.. p. 381) that the vine did not
grow in Egypt, on which account they drank
a kind of beer, made of Barley and called
zytho. In support of this he quotes the
words of Herodotus already given above:—
‘Their wine is made of Barley because they
have no vines in that country” (Euterpe, ch.
77, 15). The mistake has been handed
on by recent authors in a manner which is
very tantalizing. ** When we take into account
(says one writer) that the.vine was not
cultivated in Egypt, and that the inhabitants
were obliged to use a drink compounded of
water and Barley, similar to our small beer,
it is not improbable that the produce of the
vines which grew on the hills of Ephraim
was likewise carried to the banks of the
Nile.” The word zytho, which Reland uses
in the passage to which I have alluded, has
proved a bug-bear to the lexicographers. 1
examined some fifty dictionaries and works
of reference in order to see what explanation
or derivation might be suggested. One English

lexicon gives, as its very last word,
“ZYTHURN, zi’thurn, n. A beverage made
from malt and wheat.” Here it is very

evident that the word was incorrectly spelt,
since another gave “ ZYTHUM, an ancient
beverage made of malt and wheat.” This is
the equivalent of *CEREVISIA, humor ex
hordes aut frumento in quandam similitudinam
vini corruptus," and is in reality a Greek
word Zythos, closely related to the Latin
word jus, and our English juice.

Dr. Budge, whose authority is indisputable»
informs us that in Ancient Egypt there were»
in connection with the residences of the rich
and the palaces of the Kings, gardens and
groves, with arbours covered with creepers
and vines which the gardeners watered dail

by means of small channels into whi
the water was directed, either by the
shaduf or the water wheel. Near by

were the wine-press, beer-house, stables, and

other buildings for cattle, grain, fruits,
vegetables, and other necessaries of life.
Indeed, it is possible to trace back the

making of wine in Egypt, and the cultivation
of the vine, not less than five to six
thousand years. Evidence is found in the
tomb of Ptah-hetep, who lived at Memphis
some 3,000 to 4,000 B.C. It is no doubt
true to say that the common people drank
either beer, made from Barley and flavoured
with different kinds of plants in the place
of Hops, a sweet beer or mead made of
honey, or Date wine; but wine made from
Grapes was certainly the principal drink of

—

— PEAN classes; 694 this FES

often taken in- "dm — (abeo ይዞ the
—— ther des.

puro joies of native fruit,

Enough has been said. qu TD 6. ሰር ፡፡

that the vind waa grown in
aneient dimes. “166: being’

Grapes and drunk inw [5 Tresti Kao or after
fermentation ; . mud that th repeated stato-
bends) ta. the: wonbracg ate due fo the. "ከ፻ሆ-..

/ yp [ከ. very
posite” from | the

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jt (mie ;

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— jap whieh, | 684. thé Phenom greg Cagént. peek Mo cr c ‘Powdered — 55፡1
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many more wem.

THE GÀ RDE NERS on RON ICLE.

oriog

at 3ከ8- opsacra tien ኤሬ eontrol part. gawe-

Sa Nery) rush "highs. yields The cweathet
.- ዝፍ ኝና "'#ርኪ and 3t one infiel - thet? fher
— RAY ስከር ቀር ን ው an street

on decoyet dni ፍመ

| የሠ. aud failed to
.:265:9. —Henos.- “he © 3066: “ሺክ! - በነ ነ1ኛ፡21

Teh አሜ” oh

Pena their: oration .
a ልጠ 18 ፍን

—— qul O0 Wendin :
ረጩ tha. ህ። - osa the apent 0 5
— qur — da — P pe Vues Pune -Fünsflotiodie 2 ange - epa Kept
‘available the flet. Sete many possible) bne ርህ. fourteen ኣዝ = de “fy ft. fret, AN
. famsgants apt. existing plants jM. may be thirteen fraps.” This border: haa heen, ‘feapped |

(paid that 4t 18; mary, dimit 49. Bee. — for some time; duit on. December) 2 , pieces: 411.

“whether — ‘tried: dye 5. teal © fect . npundónfum Cuürhbonate were — Ne, OUR Ss
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my 9 በጨ] Sof. ይመክት 4: tonirad.: — ን nest መ ዝራ ጻው

#9. ኣኣ 4

376

THE GARDENERS

CHRONICLE.

May 30, 1925.

February 27, one-fourth; on March 8, one-
third; and on March 15 very few slugs
were trapped. It was then thought safe to
plant out young Cabbages, and these have
been unattacked. At the end of April
three traps were put on the same border
at a likely spot, but by May 3 only about
half-a-dozen slugs had been taken. The
total bag on this border has been over
three-pints ; statistically, as I have one-
hundred.and-fifty of these traps about the
garden, we should have taken quite a gallon
of slugs altogether at the same rate. Whilst
not a single individual of August-sown
Onions survived slug attack, we now have
Carrots, Peas, otc., appearing without
apparent loss.

Traps which kill and work whilst one is
not there, provided they be baited when
needful, seem. to me far preferable 10
methods requiring personal presence for their
efficiency. Still, some method of driving
without. damage or risk to growing crops
would be an additional help,
suitable agent be brought forward ?

A good test of the slug population, for
safe planting, is to prick out a few young
Lettuces with three or four leaves; if these
survive untouched for a few days, the area
imay be considered safe. H. E. Durham.

ALUM AS A SLUG AND SNAIL
DESTROYER,

IN The Gardeners’ Chronicle of January 3,
1925 (Vol. LXXVIL, p. 14), I drew atten-
tion to the use of alum as a slug and snail
destroyer. At that time, although I had
used the material, both in the dry state
and in solution, with success for this pur-
pose for several years, I had made no
systematic experiment to ascertain the max-
imum strength at which the solution could
be used for watering and spraying plants
without causing injury to them, and as I

have recently done so, I now give the
results,
For the tests I selected- two plants—a

shrubby Veronica and a cultivated Strawberry.
The Veronica, a rather soft-wooded, un-named
hybrid, really consisted of four distinct
plants, which had been struck from cuttings
two or three years ago in a three-inch pot,
in which they had been allowed to remain
unattended for that time, and, of course,
the roots had found their way through the
hole in the pot into the soil beneath, in
which they had formed a mass several times
larger than the very compact mass within
. the pot itself. A severance of the roots was
made at the base of the pot, so that the
plants, which were about twelve inches high,
and had grown into a clump, were severely
handicapped from the start. The Strawberry
(Garibaldi) was a healthy young plant, from
a runner that had been pegged down in a

NEW

could some.

,

and

three-inch pot last its roots
were also pot-bound.

I started with a saturated solution of the
alum, which is one in ten (approximately one
pound to one gallon of water) at ordinary
outdoor temperatures, and the plante, which
were placed side by side in the open air,
were thoroughly watered and sprayed over-
head daily with it for a fortnight, no other
fluid being supplied to them except the
negligible amount they received from a
passing shower of rain occasionally. After
this ordeal, an examination showed that
there was no trace whatever of damage to
the plants, although, owing to the severance
of the larger part of their feeding roots,
there was a certain amount of flagging of
the foliage in the case of the Veronica,
which, of course, was inevitable in any case,
and from which they gradually recovered.
But in the case of the Strawberry, not only
was there no visible injury to the plant,
but it continued to put forth its young
leaves as actively as several others of the
same kind which were not so treated. !

As a result of this experiment, I am
quite convinced that outdoor plants generally
may bo repeatedly watered or sprayed with
a saturated solution of alum without risk of
injury to them, and that therefore a solution
of this strength may be safely applied to
growing crops for the purpose of destroying
slugs and snails, for which it is the most
effective material of which I have had any
experience. I have never yet seen & slug or
snail escape which had come into contact
either with the dry material or a solution
of it, even considerably below saturation

8e880n,

point; but & saturated solution seems to be.

more lethal than even the dry powder,
probably because in the fluid state it acts
more speedily than as a solid, and if the

liquid application is thorough, a second one
is unnecessary. The solution is, however, as
I mentioned in my former communication,
much more effective if it is used as hot as
possible when such things as rubbish heaps
and other harbours of the pests, where no
plants are involved, are being treated, as
the vapour finds its way into all the
interstices, and destroys eggs which the fluid

could not, perhaps, in every case reach.

An alum solution is extremely simple to
use, all that is necessary being to dissolve
the material in & suitablo vessel by means
of hot water, and make certain that a little
of it always remains undissolved at ordinary
temperatures. thus ensuring that the solution
is saturated. For solutions, lump alum,
which is cheaper. may be used instead of
the powdered material. As it contains no
grit or other matter which would choke the
nozzles of sprayers, and is thus much less
troublesome than the sulphate of aluminium
and lime solution, which must be strained
before use, alum solution is ideal so far as
easy application goes, and sprayers may be
easily cleaned if necessary after use by
having some water forced through them.

Stomach poisons are of little value in the

HYBRID ORCHIDS.

(Continued from April 25, p. 286.)

Name.

Cypripedium Herald T"
Cypripedium Queen Helen
Cypripedium Villius — pud Mt
Cypripedium O.O. Wrigley — me
Dendrobium Diana... yi — "
Dendrobium edinense |
Miltonia Lucia |
Odontioda Bruin

Odontioda Male ... — Me A
Odontioda Redstart * ex —
Odontoglossum Cramore ... kd "|

Dulee x aureum

Odontonia Etna
Odontonia Laguna ... . ae
Odontonia Sappho ... ቻች ቿን *
Sophro-Cattleya Saxifiora — *
Vuylstekeara Melba መረ E

Parentage. |

Mrs. Carey Batten x Lord Wolmer ..
Queen of the Belgians x Helen Walker

villosum x vilexul ... 26. vee
Curtisif x Gowerlanum

crassinode x Regium ... tes

vexillaria » Princess Margaret. ነ

Oda. Brewli x Odm. His Majesty

Oda. Bradshawiae x Oda. Othello

Oda. Brewii ።“ Odm. percultum ...

Nt. James x Mars "m 2s "T

M. Charlesworthii « Odm. Ithone
Odontonla Dora x Odm. Crethus...

M. Charlesworthii x Odm. Ap

S. C. Saxa x 8, grandiflora ... — a
Vuylstekeara Brewil x Odm. Gorizia ...

| Exhibitor.

Mrs. Bruce and Miss Wrigley.
Mrs. Bruce and Miss Wrigley.
Mrs. Bruce and Miss Wrigley.
Mrs. Bruce and Miss Wrigley.
Edinburgh Botanic Garden.
Edinburgh Botanie Garden.
Charlesworth & Co.

R. Gerrish, Esq.

Sir J. Colman.
..| Sanders.
... Dr. Craven Moore.

| Charlesworth & Co..
Charlesworth & Co.
Charlesworth & Co.

à on.
Charlesworth & Co.

—

" . * ን - . .
— —

nuc m cc c — — — AEn — — — —— —— —— — — —— — —

case of slugs and snails, as they usually
avoid them, and spraying plants with any
substance which renders the parts un-
palatable to them is merely a preventive
measure. What is wanted is a lethal sub-
stance which will reach them in their haunts
and destroy them by contact. In a saturated
solution of alum we have such a substance.
and, whether hot or cold. it will at once
destroy every adult and egg with which ii
comes into contact. Purchased in quantity.
the unground material is not expensive, and
where the infestation is severe its use will
soon repay the small outlay on material in
crops saved from destruction. It has also
the merit of being non-poisonous, and may
therefore be used with safety on edible
plants of any kind.

Powdered alum is, of course, excellent as
&. preventive, but in order to destroy the
pests it requires to he scattered over the
ground when they are feeding. I find.
however, that, besides being more lethal, it
is even more effective as a preventive when
used in solution, as, if it is sprayed ove:
surfaces, when the moisture evaporates a
layer of very fine alum crystals is left, and
the distribution of the material is therefore
much more uniform than it could possibly
be when sprinkled over them in the dry
state. But if the solution has done its work
thoroughly. there should be few adults to
ward off afterwards. A. D. Richardson,
Edinburgh.

-— —— M M — — M M ——

ORCHID NOTES AND GLEANINGS.

— —

ODONTIODA REDSTART.

A LARGE and finely formed flower of this
showy Odontioda, raised by Messrs. Sanders.
St. Albans, between Oda. Brewii (Oda.
Charlesworthii x Odm. Harryanum) and
Odm. percultum (ardentissimum x Rolfeae)
shows it to be one of the finest of the
wholly deep ruby-crimson section.

The flower is of firm substance with
strong features of Oda. Charlesworthii, and.
through it and the other parents, has derived
the prominent yellow crest of Odm. Harry-
anum at the base of the lip, which is broad
and flatly displayed. There are now about
five hundred Odontiodas with various degrees
of Odontoglossum in their composition, but
in a largo proportion the scarlet colour
derived from Cochlioda Noezliana remains.
brightened and intensified, and is equally
potent when carried on by crossing in other
genera.

ORCHIDS AT EDINBURGH BOTANIC
GARDEN.
THE display of Orchids in the Edinburgh

Botanic Garden has been very interesting this
spring and one of the most notable features

was an attractive group of Dendrobiums.
of which D. nobile Sir F. W. Moore
and D. n. Sanderianum were outstanding

examples, while D. densiflorum and D.

_atro-violaceum are two excellent species also

There is a fine plant of Cym-
and another of C.

in flower.
bidium , Lowianum
pendulum.

Of old cultivated species, Bifrenaria
Harrisonae is in flower, and also three large
spikes of Bulbophyllum barbigerum may be
seen. Two or three Masdevallias are note-
worthy. M. coccinea superba and M. ignea
may be commended for their colour, the
former being of a rich purple, the latter
having orange flowers. The hybrid 11.
Pourbaixii is shown 68 5 plant carrying
between seventy and seventy-five blossoms.
A swoctly-scented Orchid is to be noted in
Polystachya lutescens, while other notable
plants are Angraecum sesquipedale, Phalae-
nopsis Stuartiana, from the Philippines:
Coelogyne ocellata, C. lentiginosa, Lycaste
Skinneri alba, Epidendrum sceptum and
Gongora atro-purpurea. R. H. Jeffers.

ዕ

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year: bearing TS ፲ከ6- present 868808. Further, len sant to dw very 9090). | #፲ክር፤8፻65 18. jim) sont ast X am
he nates that Dus bord. Grosvegor t had tas datos Jourkuurd 86 ones E tbe latest: of ‘Japan, S Ati aA My. An
Wh oe) iia d Ahintied - aéveroly Anu. wet they | ደር ‘going Simovterries 5101 15 5. CRORE: between . ‘Laston’s | — ነደ UE 4
ooo bloom: again” profusely,” So Te ie, my ጩህ Latest and Temeka and qiermoediaLe . ‘betwee 1 dum mower. de yeux. corre.
.. Moat Markat ወጠ! — a long way towards- ife Wa arenis. Pe T anid 36. Surpass "boi pon en. Mr JE. te Bema, whu demde
“a solutiow cof (he problem. VPE, ‘biennial of them dn. tolpur cropping; and flavour. . W bave information. voncerning. immunity: 4#
hearing - when he እየይ ne 896 wo ህወ] Fhe: duit dés — braght. Spt. otis cat mesh. © anid © high Fevigtante: quc 1619 .
— ive. mow 186: (miedo tie make 68. Jn. 901018, 38091. atid’ appetóung m favour. Blight 1. diee the: following 254890፻8)18፡- 59
ሓ “Tie ut ind — i p ARA SER. መ ሓር Bros? deed. a eee, * The vatngty. imiia.. ፲፻6.: ETETA
EE BRP Yorencedt - ይ Be the” war anui doo '-. E improved: - nds 3. .- — One, Mis 8“ ከ162. dubet:
<3 ፡: dhen eese rro —— regular — j a Pure 16 [6 sunidar | ሇከዥ vsriety hus only ከ68. grown in Hriteit
> Warner Tecding - nf rules a.. ending. ave 6. — e genit pus variate ae fotwer au OR — wies wurd. spur aes ‘hare
; Srops, four years: du 1ኮጥች የር): AY the.’ VEGA the boris: eer Aviar hut very .ቨህኹ bem Sünde with jede. t ‘country.

ል Nevertheless, | dns die "eo iy. et iià orig,
fe — NM aen HIE M ORAT. ME meer. : Reno lias chil as al authores are wnnsoinons m classify

fy tog
Ab ne 3ከነየከሺስይ 16. አካይ 6 mab: Xe 18. abe

DW jg xm dis
this ` መሠ. EHE mom.

GRO METEO DHL SE ... immune to wart vxieeage, D previ
; ae cant breeding rss .፡08፡(ከ66. ite r
ta OINA SUPE "3 D anh de production - of varieties
fe ash UREN ORCA NS 1 ረክ 21” peo mene tg wart Gisele —blight:
Mie SO a SQ, Se ነኒ ይ E d ‘ether güalities boing-

CERNE — However, dne | em.
hon ic Dang given to. lete: blghit: There
AIP HW dew. avedlings ‘of exceptinnal merit
(8: Bight ‘fesintanes, but: of ihe n ned.
varieties. due. night. ከ: permitted. to make.
the undefüpted © groupimg, which, bí South:
must ub De- ipresumed go. he ዘዘዘ. RT
lave: not; differ ርበ1164541..: between | he ane
Hiking 521 thes Tolia — ———— From: t Shak
af. the tuber, although | ሠርክ :.. "difieretices
| ይሲ. 6: Very highly: Yeseistant- Aran. Ponen:
db. Highly | resistant::<- Rorre. Pink,” ‘Engst.
. Oletta 1ኀከ፪፳ሀ6ክ8.. Duke c cato Venns
(C Kocoret, Arfan. Naetpty s ር. “Resistant A Ki
Lochar, Rijogetieke: Dus $ — ae ert ninaka
— |

ap do oe Mni :18: ማን «" Mec — of
po »houL thes Primulas "Ehey-
Me sob hybrida, but pure Po | gqnivernbenta ;
“bot ጩዩ thoy rhw — R XN Berkeley.
"CEhis variety) Wie 8: 86206: apo ti, which.
originated - Sue “Coambe:: Wood Numery at
Meaire. do ኛ፻ህ(፡ከ. ed Sons (and, ‘therefore,

| | | "Mid eb 15 abed. (rom seeds ^ ለጽ dt we
ji. ad i-em 800178. | | nach a denudfot 7 pleat, X stored | GOETHE. “peers d
CO cte : 3 38 tey Rud obtain 4 — hat

| de deae gam. viris (ኤራ ፡ . * € co ን sancimus, RAE xem eno. f Obaid E cuneis d hav A

uy ከከከ አርያ 650. በጨር growth but capped — A እነ ee 156: ie 3, nen ree i —
D T^ henvily 'eüch seson! ^ Thi mmek da- point. - Daisies. nne Lawa, AWN ር fige "ed. one į quare
ME A pin ige at. "sateità uU. i9 eat the ብህ ai bear. ‘thing? Game. uel uy 11:31. vaut: trie: An? bik 2989. ew "ane four ot
a 4፡,ጠቤ of being and growing ip. the one - 68 imsinder-- mE eh ጩዌ 8. "enr UMEN PK. — E ee n
taba; but nbundanss- for. “the: former one. 5 naire plants; Tu ‘of. — — 1:6 ‘only. five
im the other sm Tha theory i supporte pos cec to tyy | ህዛቨ[ክ
| r ከ664... —— dawn. ፡ ቲ -uiw 60.

(00 46 etre ከጩሸፍ[ -dugtes ከሆ Markel Orousr r — gee
talks: api. sonis. and. d fy ur 367936. about me Di vd ao ne pin

ee i wipsFience wim Lost inmevenns. መ መኒ i ade fia

! J— |y near sifivient ፻፳: ን —— ፲፪ 96). * | warwus forma: ar
/ distant octo he Portion by dues mpl : ከ "os ብ ii r BE: More, : — ie,
fiveu, 3naintainbd. their. normal ispita and ^ 2 par አ w — Cal ፎየርቸ path.
“latonstrated - fluit feeding: "Topresusd. dextenisQG 7 s e is is — — PE cem —tbe- baunble beoB- ipm

e "Ard: — * ag oN EAE IE

m 2 pd ue ae es cur — = iat : E zi ode d possc ma
— S a Miss ge በ1. rene S sap of the, varius ሚለው Na Bont y
የለይ ዝራ adig eie a as yes mir ds al — Y D pé one ob- ours ል Mn any pa r form. .opühd be reprü- ^
nod hot 99881. Xu በህ! bp Bergen ብ ‘or quate: farther : w Md — eek hec —
ከጨ ርች ATTEN différent. Heinys were “tried, ener Mond "Pony T 917 qr * NET. - 8664.

8 91ያሣ

| ህህ and ^ ‘thrives = 36. a dak, Joost. —

place where it dues nere -get waterlogged. -
“have found thai they make expeliiat 668.

E. — t xoi s | S dude
3 qoot ‘plants 5: —beon wugrest To xe
3፲ደይሂ with ito PRE: 10 18ሌ6. lovely: thing in at: — — ee ade —
the: pork. gardi r end. ull more. ‘harming they’: Tone. 56. —— ES dise, therefore, .
“ethene MEC the: obf. pfo dow. outhouse,. where | decided - AEST -*hg-^ TutüW caosa. ^ lich
iH 965 be ህ፻088. wi with. intei Some year escriben the M dug: "baro 7. *. whale. bur
sgo 4. had )ር - my ፡. garden WS tow: Henn ‘the folowinp have — 2-4
üpou omthonae, — mthi alata, ‘which © Thursby (A.M. RHA DA) tosepini, - $
OAR analya; with. Teatiite that petised chic ርያ ላ - MB: ` Beduma, Botsy rvivum, - — yellow. eye 69፡7. eh. ‘blush-piak, "፳ሠ

ዘሃ," Mau. "anlarfüoatgly, - nade- et 66/7166 198 Near. the rint 1 planted — 228 021: ነ. Het —— laste plo:
d nommum rim d Me — 8ሁ- — eee: ria. wectorunu “whieh: ‘theory wad flowered) with . dark aye ‘Rad Barisy Pu Abend

— — ሺ ጋ sind on It is i de iud ah dh.
whieh: Anveribly - $ prse. do: be ue in - e y w TOME er page '
| néód PUO spplications: — — extended = C tu müdrened atten boing
an ፡ በር da Othe © Geason ኸር | EC out * Ah iy 158 #6090የሀ9ኪ. We seldom

er. prejudiea, | was. perdi m di: fond
| ደ tes Dui ap liad: PAN pases oe Maso

2 COME RAP Mel መመመ
ih ceened foods saippuat

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— * — FOR 82፡7 ASTE WATER

THE GARDENER:

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OER INSECTICIDE "WASH
‹ NON-POISONOUS

NM A “ቬሎ 1,1ኑ፡ "E Mani

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*

“ashy Sos 4 aestas: hel verily thas —
taana fis. Teal ving:

yeh (tas m and. Mildew Spray :
o yo 475:: tss $ Us. "i s. 3j JOE i. .
cx eas, 76s; EV YA es DEN.

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sd AS — 1 ee pit. ied. ርኪ ;
4 pi 3:45. PRE» em sach:

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ADCO: is your | —
máaibtaink- PE yata tents s በ
| ei a aget ot "ሀበሮ ferier,

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CAR. የከ actin tas viai ቨ ‘with: d
ADCO, Accelerator *

t E inant ከሌ comalta of sore — materials anóh aa law
i ey doe dexd -

— 3. E

snel stock ADOD w V
umts .-

d wk ot roe — hod — three. tona et. manone

paskiri. tonu tbe bale

| of Tuvbiah tre&tod, -
:... X8 db. €. 58 ሕ.. dis
"NC 3b. qh: NUM

3 ከጠ Posi té መጣ t Stilton-

ok gut. I 1
IU: Wem. 8: —

3X: 5 7፳፳ GARDENERS CHRONICLE. : Mar 86. 493

— — — — — — — — — — — — — MÀ. M

7 Yo U P RO V 1 D E D? :: c
The United Porticultural Benefit and Provident Society 1.

= ROVIDES 27. per week in illness for Mi: [77 = ር] ጩጠጠከጩ oE this — 4 RE
ME m or ul for ód. vu | የዘ | የመመ ዕን መቁ AE dew ipe —

Down müd t9 der ፎጩ. መኃ vi
TRE E C d E
ROVIDES: your danai dh #10, 15 or " EXPE TEN E .. Seale ‘hays dept. - EARN UTR nr um
OP £20 at death, according to. deti OF ለ MEMBER ` ERE * በ አ i
. 1. ROVIDES you with » Savings. Bank. | wao mas £130. ፡ ገጠ ን ex E x pm iE
::ኤ MOV srl ranis: from | Distress aed Don: | 9 Nis CREDIT Warn Canne, lag Bs

A C BNL SECRETARY, 35 ALEXANDRA ROAD, WEST KENSINGTON, wa

"WILLIS BROS!

—

THE BEST ON THE. MARKET.

NO STABLE. ‘MANURE. REQUIRED.
For digging in or as a top dressing. For
Kitchen Gardens or Herbaceous Borders. ^.
|] ፤“..1ቹኘ owt, Bes 38 oe, M m Wi-
per ton. All Carriage Paid. 9. s

EER “Yon tan destroy vinis aite ን dear the: garden 5

MF. s^ paths, drives, etc, and do it qgníickly- with the weedkivler
Jem [3 fai (has een i Highly Commended’ ME the Re
Gn ieu - Horticultural, Seeley :

|| es 6 YOUR Vines)

‘$ The Vine 5 EE 8 die WUIBMU ME En de "T
E t aw tns development i i
| | Bios. VINE ዝል: GRE contains 6% Potash, PPS.
in ሄደን 18 the best on fhe market. |
old vines ts very market, 1t put new life inte them.

EL — Bld ipe ja. 100 ———— — እ dis pads

ሪት J55.. 14^; 28 - > n3 u te a
Forties weedidiing nities is. therefars,, ከኔ urat Jd. ja ‘Gallop. | pe ! በ Ca dag Pad. st ab zh m
"ና. ይር tin By J gi. #2; 4ዐ[ Sié; 2 galls, "ea E walle. — INDEQUE oaa PEACH MANURE. $3

; T jiita — ላይ ጽም) eed ed, ML እ enya: ጻ ባፍኛሌ 645 whee are Mtv "atra —
M J

‘We prepare “thd: apedaily, for Beach, ም pd
other Stone Fruits, which will Y» fognd to ids 18፡59
the special treatment, hi ይቪ stoning and ካፄ ing
run M.

/HERCULKAN LIGUID. WEEDKILLER |
or ts canally: elicient hot half the sitenath (1-50 parts AER.
Pt. ta; Qr, 219; X eal; 39; 7 got. Bj. -$ Z2 pul, 16i8 |

Y as MR bens M 56 js TT (£98 156. 6. 2t
AA 3 -© MERCULEAN POWDER WEEDKILLER ፡- EU E $ ከ ሰአለ Pado oo
7 Po Small Ka to make 124 galls. 118; — 11219ጩ wss to make, ፡ | ES: በ5781 - ቨር፲811- SONG
E 56* dier Large Wine ti: make 1 tulis 1 I. msg Pet H Garden 889 1" nisl, För
OLET MOL ከቸች ን ዴም — እረ*ሂ። n vasa wade o god ddék du ies እሪ — ^ አለ — Me Saw *da., } j Y. 50 x 4. xa, M
p" SORS. m sias i ftum 'ህፍክ 5 dir “6 > | dies "or itam

WILLIAM COOPER & NEPHEWS, Le, BERKHAMSTED, o [se axe : ee cin p

JGREENHOUSE BLINOS.

— Enen el
KILLS —— I ጄ6 pee tr tmay ia a Ber te or ——
Tis Lewy fupe UE H Eatimnmter x end ADD on “spplleasion x
ነ ረ A iade: with 30 «eara reputa- 27 BARDEN auPetita AT LOWEST PRICES.
[^u — —— Di ia tn piedi Full Wrisa for a iia — ምየ መት ri —
| \ GEERT, Rurdeu Supplies Lu WILLIS Bros. («525፡፡05፡) Ltd.

— —— HARPENDEN, HERTS.

| = 86 Weary Weeding
* LARGEST. -SALES | 20 HET
ALWAYS SATISFACTORY Bs

I. o moneo POUR. ጋ
— Weed Eier Ads u.c

WILLMOTT

p Rial Plant. Stake “Se

PRIZE

“i m d ct ፡ rae re V (Phianted No, 198770) _ org RON
p wi AUS 8* Cm. Y d ጋ A ; o Le ይር v * pss ha ህይይበ- in BA yal Ratanir Sar | & » ^ ኒ
Verus on 80. ዕብ ር TE ፡ Be i . denn... For ail pleats, Cn

“Also LIQUID, ‘doable ‘trong. Mut ok rot, wear out or ireak,

— "Vegetables grown with. di

: :ክህዕቪ። Ay AWRNAS c's .$ . help of Nitrate of Sodatake 5 |
FF ay ለሽ vr odidin, Write the only makeres || 5... the “prizes. at ihe shows. è
TOMLINSON: : — HAR, ARD. LTD. CEUSXS (D This means thatit etr E Ars

* — ———— የ67816ዮህ86, መንን —

— eve sert b ee |

— — The An. ;

ar

-Samjrise of 0 sizes W- post free. -
..... ቁ. 4. SREENWOOD, vg 5.
የ ሙር ደረሰና Bracknell, Berks. !

PE ack

E GARDEN UNES. de es

i Bet ና IS A MESH. Hest:

d Y-53 666. Su ber meoceetion dee

i dea duse ias qe

T CM pace 155g; ፤ perd wide, ga Bd. “wo by X Be

OON Oy 5-22. 64. 15፡97 4 vor. Tuin. ይሀ.
*

መ. vof Orehards -nml FITUE, dou,
“ያ ረይ) gratie ani post “free

S$ 100፪! TANNED GARDEN NETS
> RHELEAN. STRATE LOMY Pe ር —— AN orden deapiatehed . game dag. :-..
BUR. — ck — የች ማኛ — oes as * yarda. x1 yard, Bel 25 x 3, 4. 5523. »- |
PO" ARAM OHS : Odd netting for bushes, 6 Ibe for 8/6. :
AMO carriage. paid. Any sizes supplied
“Alo ‘Deane: désundery. Nem.

MOORE: &. Co^. Ner. "Works, ONERE

|. መ.ከ7 5154 “laria: ce tet
He . ROBINSON, — worin D vale

UUO a lens -

N i || Mesigning ቁጩ planting: mt 3195. «ኳር መክ. “ሸ6ኮቶ.

SOCIE [ETI ES.

CHELSEA EA SHOW.
( Poneluded | from Pe 38 b:

————— M
Pid F

"pPHESE wars, nac aisial. arranged ee ‘pve
Elm: Avenue, ‘pad ther! tell (etes gure. grateful
abade, whilst: their. floso eoviruninent. ኗኳ-
hanced the effcet of alk: They gardens) wer
all ooi Atemi. dean. aad wigitors.- mar
velled ^ a£ the.” cworderfal y: realistic eerta.
produced. by ihe designem > (0 E n

Meam. R AWALLAOH. ANT Co. bise. Marr.

Fig. 357. Ee Mia am. NER the; — elses

A Y> PAN 4 A M" ' ና bay A’ y aN ኣ — SM
x ' nU r "Af. E 5.) fie aor o

* Xue, 2
+359
wis

teste
EERE,

¥ lk rr LIT nii AS.

at: Aen 4ከ‹ docu: "Shew

RLS. Award,
— XE SAA. B SAS

‘samme dise] stai un. NR Jie ‘banki
, dominated, ihe” aho: cb AME: ከ. pacriealads |
"charming. garden; I TATE ሠ. (alt Cónifors
And au wealth, ot : besutibid: elirité; ami hort:
the, middle, on ope gie. እ — be
duost. Huida rock inedins ቪኪ apris os
uq d beautiful gardens, 4341: ገዘብ ፈክር otf whieh-
. በርክ alpine Phloxes, Gentiana, Aggdrogaces,
Iberi, And. Saxifrages,. with Ferns. im. coo.
“spate: ard shrubs. that sweep ov&r ston,
#9: as duniperns tairi folis. J. prontito,
. 002 3.1 Koswnis | Un the onpiskrrte were
handsome Japanese: Maples, . Hhedodeprirone,.,
| And Brooms s whilst: nindot the:
| averbanging trees were permet. Aperi |
chowe : Rhododendrons; Mr ji
M kave- speriat. rid ኮሮያ8(1:,1.. Kiat T

NW — |
the

| 18! odo CANTI ANDE: osrgperd and.
platted 6. oroat = gardem” qF) W TORY
‘harke. ‘by tali- cobhiumnat x aeit, 'ጸ AINOAT o

ያ Prag se ana dignified Sehotmie, in whieh” 3
—— — remains AL PENETAN

THE GA RDENERS

nse —— oy Pauls: 698. ‘Stocks.
3 ahame matoda E

— matra.

; NRTA ዳጩ 65 éu the:
Wore splendidly - flowered Hhododendrens ot:
large aie. Thé Approaeh to 1ከ8 - tarata was
Gp twee: fights 391. hone) stepes ' amd nin. he.
terrace:

Marble,
:0] -
..: በ፡ጆክባ፻።፡ on pisdestats. rehenes
“the pnya ok all wha Iove henutul: Tana
extensively in thers design of a restful garden

on KENT £5

I ዝንቡቸያ '፻=-
Cos

18:8. Mme

“bower at- በነቁ) aunt:
nathing added: to iie Rede 'በክርዮ. thaois Che:
old-fashioned Madwort, f
| ዘ! የ3፳6ጡ ^
Choitanthus Albonh, was: በዘፍ] idis. se
..:17፲. 'ታበኙርበ]፡
Dresden

በ19፻8%%: Joule , Sel in dense 'ቦክየ፡865, “ard: these /
“RETO ኳክ. mass of. Aawer.:

joi t 44 46. E E ima
red. "and
pink golur abi- 0, a ስጠ 5 ——
Tortwes-
Aey: wall, me a€tüch ' hatig: — nimpe: qut 5

abit a aad = amid qui oos

"repe c gamn. "eA isi

JMMMEQ and
a marbi tard kathi whilst :

'ነከ6 ppesitez

pod wwa a. momifireny c ከ11. dpa Beate un;
“The: re ከ6ሀ791 dt Fear glos planta
fend Serb ia

blug foward, — i ae

peaks see ደ

— ጥ፡. W 34.

| Kingston: T bul mes, —*

“ከጣና 3 ህህ

Panic’ A SOS,
EAE:

May

a Nard

VAR. MAJESTICA Ve M M a S MUN
Hfnsh- white: with iheenlàre: tel dn RAD, SIDA ihe ^
— Oe fb, 729), | . ሥተ

ot. —— nte: Hes. ዝሃ)» ‘get adr

ናይክ. eas ake graa”

cp: ይ)በቧቨ9ርተ- rage
tor kone,
“coloured Tolaga;

E "81".

sid. xs M bur hec
OMS .. neigrhboute: *
Seine Iu

በክ 011. dali;

'ከ69ህ[ኛ..ኮህኩኪ:
17819, und: Aoi grec iis

PUS “trie...
China

{Much prettier: aas.

al gelitery ' pistor: ቪል. ORS. M:oyasutis c dissitic
“flora by: the 2111.

ct Elie. ^ water;

clump. ot Asan Troling ዮር PAi
` Mewar A, abverbam pion, —

very: pleasing ;sttenin, ersak ys stane

Herc Be

"brides: 36 ፡ theatre! likemiae ; design. nf Roser:
gardeu. sunl. /&Gontaingd- ’ KC -Heather-thatehed.
; ንን ው Hone,

bi ነዳየ]: CAR ከ5699.

CHRONI C ደ.

Panked - ዝ.ከ. Bos

tapi: .. shrubberies: ?

amd a RDE and itae Hee doagn

"ERE wy 8፻ፐ

A. pn: beriani
m ER "Was

' ‘vestablished | cultivated, |

4 ጎገ

የቀዳ ብ

(purden |
ን ም ነ 6...5ኑ ኸዓ ፡፡) fingra mh
“arden; RTPA, Sayer, lise, ከ191. Hinad lann iie
With Bones Yo «ይዞ. ኮክ.
|18ሠሀሯከቦየ69፳:- piira varse
| pa te Bed | ewsrtied sets, oss
Tdv.

wah riot. lus.

ud Formed’ garden: Tepresenitnig. «

— —— — —

aulis abris. that. menndand: thi kon
Wwell-eonopived "rock. garden; wee os 8

/#ሎድበኪክኮቸቢ stone cropped 691. ef: የከ. tutt. which is
ae u ecol. 5መ19፲፻ረ' tä ther while (Fig. 188, [92 pos
— inclusion ef Conifer: Mapanese Maples
raccfuf Birches, “wed: flowennp ጸከ፻ህከ8 gave C
— pleas
brühant - Rowers: aE -

cappreptiste: Spots dos

— especially: the fine shumps. ef vations —

Chatty: Franublss ear the- Arienia, — sit.

Msn ላ. URAL ANB በሚና € — ages:
— 46 አ አገባለት pardérs | whirls: took” Hye —
Qe. Gf. ፳.:፳ስጻሻ dell ihrongh :
Breed; he wer. trick Wigs: nto: —
11410: inar tbk መር! vietati.: gawe ልክ Tat n

the: 843185: Of chon Alpines : and “Confers iuo
4 iden. Jamel cose Jfaniperük d

ሌየ ከ. "ddpressod - |
And o ipet ate The cgantden sc
Obeunded e '8. ሃሃ ' wall. ; enelosmg - A
Sutare on which wasr Erowing 4 wealth of
antifa “Conifers C and comamental - dea Ced SRM
shrubs. 2 he’. kirden 48505. አ ህ”ፐርዕባበአ/1፡ብ1 | at VIE

OMM PD LING | ‘paths: "nf የሂዲጅቻ" Bion: that led. qas 2 d

c borders: oi |ከ6801ሸ0ሀ1. flowers ~Analens, Filios, A
Hene heria „Minare bs oos ES
Me ,1,43፲88: MAC Doxavn, Harpenden, ሠር] M

ባርክ. most. attrac tively, PAE awith
Sack Phe’! “ahere i m 77 recténigular P
senten: “intersected witht — Pagui $
menh ዜ adak insane” quater. furnietiec ; with S
curfo às karap ode a
; billiard: table and of very fine. quality: weduns 1

ji za x : | 02:68. "rhe ppoente- quarter | Ada pool up :.

ee TWALA » fountam, . ‘edged: with auch. ‘Eres dé --
Eyin: glance, .; Festuca ‘etipinides, - Curey N

| jupanien. vation ata, Glyceria spettubilis, Phieam |

ALn fand,. 19. panels teat by, were Eulalu
iftis Files cis, Dactglis. rlegnntissima, ^.
Arriinatherum büfboaum, and Eulalja-japunics.
| ህክነ]ርጄከ19. ' ‘The. AAIE portion of the garden.
: 88. aet with 'ዜ lawn of fine gnisaes, growing ^
"gti boxes, while’ 6 backyrontnd of Pines: with ^
Stone abet, gave oe fine finish to what was |
‘at once & nivel and dajightful garden. l
‘Mr. BROarMALDC Meis oEg, Normel:, : —
suri panien, surrounded with
fm. octagonal: form. and: Roses ou pillars’ and
hatia ዕል ል hountary. LA, simniner-bhouse ከ60.
— Parlina, Rosed: festooning the front,
and in the forecourt was. a paved terrace,
accommodating. seats which. permitted. w fae.
“of the. sunk. garden and 17. erat. inter ፍካ
ከክ] with: Mater 1188: 52 AG ng
“Mth Jous KUXKERT.- "Machine "planted. Dd
deni. Marden, holly ser tépiery : speemmens. v
Bux. werd | bit ee the. former, with '
— deret Toba. ^lookul& ድፍኛም-› ገፎቬክፍ
pat) wie efenno | waa soins: and የ6999) s
— D “ኦህ8፤ነ፣ክደ ፲0 these whe Care Wei 17
“Agneta, v Mint: ሙዋች. RBS aldin —
ennom ; —
316543. WE ኣኛ 099. AB. Bow, Saphir: PURAN 5
E "detigbhiful ditt!e- sunk: garden. dec conti £s
n WO besa tial | gui p. dhauses. 416: ፡-.
-Bimi treated - t6 pródu&e the: beautifül- 8በነ/ዐየዞ]፤ id
—— Wiat. this timber displays with, 8 digo; thie,
Caption ut: Cedar: shinglés,, anit ከ 'ጸ- Toof uf AS
‘tte grme The forte. had! A TUof oi get o
"that. &; notable: psutiple - ul tye hardier as
art |ላኣ‹ዛ!1. per worthy di. Wwe sion e
pee arden “Phe mnk garden wies appresched. —
| (ከኛዕቪክ 8 erano, and won, eitlier^ sidi- et this ie

da

WC Mee S T. Aure Miah, “Meantime, und. i hes M
garda” armaments are E : —
Mioa d. ለው i> Cora ——— S
bad: ao Azalea ——— pe ahaw what oe -
“horige. ዝህ] brithent.. eect. these "Mostra SE

plants: display - Hic ‘Spring: ‘aud’ eufiy SET. d
Beds oni in tuf were: filled. with plants, BOO :.
^ Msn t. . ‘others’ arising ° 7098: rem enc 1፲681.--
cStéxds: ' Phe one large; ted: ከ68 pream በ89...
ጠጀ sorta, ifi: ዘዉዲ 05፻10781.. the. other white 866.
;geltow: ith. standards Or je 8 nid votbers: -
cab vello Alan abore 1182. bromt border’
“around the. arden” "anas plánied: anth SDR D
—— mOllia) eigens, and fusties varmtee 7
Mijas. VE EERON: 88:8. የ Hm. dank at. OS
back : durer F

nasidemee. CUPRA: “bile! :99885-. OTE SS
coheed: AH d estes 6፡9 shit: eme KITE à

hi Rdmütuble:. X :
‘taste, dnd bere and there, ald: Westmorland?!”

፦።

= and variety; whilst: potshea i

wah a

eds: ot ‘Roses: SE

of he s ^ : S

Yong of s

dips

THE GARDE NERS > CHRONIC ——— ፡ — —

ያ ን — RERIN. — "rei,

* Pe. the
Sut 2

ራ

የዘር — ve P A Mike of: Wi. nt j d

— — the- -Hirürgernent. dX he PI ይከ don and. Emu hat zo Jaek: Tau
VARE cux d im "Apre hát. — serowdemd- Fher border: nb nore: ቪየየሰር115ዮ.- 8: had been 4 rrowded. |
— ae ee ene Pass. cone. ankaa “oie eh th ie eallection: ; ይ... mu thecextubit: there epe tur Eobd ; Pal 41111 thats
Shey 830906: 80989. (1 ሕም Sexifteges dged. wes parfitularly pleasing. - PONES አከከ. Wiera. Yellow and- Millors Woes
gn Iberi. DR Dhu das Arp ቪክ and’ — በበው " እየጨፍየ RC ÉeAMABOTIOM. AND | ሲጁን..፣ s ON edel
ZA. Mesi. dareHoyrONW ame Up, West. Day 4 wareivs 18. e xdeseripiianr. Batts Oe "applies. ats Daten. Middlesex, Stágéd ^ dear Sashi “at
CoU ans plünted a -Mitte ፲6ፐ፲ህ8፤ garden. A dus collectis: : of hardy fiers vet Agel - by ‘phere -ይ9ክህ-እ8688.. SE Brigid Apinones, thi
Ariemones of 119: -Si Brigid. type “The: phénte . Mpetsra: i ogg — ‘Liverpool. dr wold’: be varied: PAH በ ut. eblnur. n ከ h da ካዘ
Were) “rassal in Hüte Wels- ‹61፲.. ene Auxrietyc di fiealt tie: which were mdnuéd sins adminai. |
with ኔስ end “bed nf mixed sorts “ንዲ... Tende. he Bergin © (ዖ 418198: phe 18-91686. Bote — ቶቆጅች aga Carne. | እርጩ BS. —
Tourtain- witle a- vupist supporting à E" din ‘Bath: “aothus, © the & Primnlas - dnm pienti - thes old: F Drp Weni pane ፳፻ ን Se aad

-forast 8 prey tentia pieca sah- i the daos works Germmec; Trie Cytisus: 98፡16. ail te
F Mosier. AOHSETOSE, GARDEN Conraat YU.
' — bn. Po Adoyi c Linden, : arranged —— “sunk
— garden. with manament meh nk viae. ied ES
heir Prd Baths Shey: planted “several. peda: wi:
ን ለቢል እ አጁ Hydeangene nd: (1991. A Md crie I idee

C Wistaria. BIRCH, Hie -Liliuros in rhe. horiet s
- Ausictilas,: inda Been: — number at hardy Aeslena: - The ere, pm
Delphiniures. | 16 Various. Mader’ uf: eio. "ዝሰ a isplaying: . thé ን ከ06. kan ad
- Spanish: E cand. ፔፕህክ div winiety, 1 x duped - Aog othe? purppose AM ite iny
Snad «Hie: esfabit- get 99 de Moses. we THE. MAYTKAM: TUDIN, “Role venules F
CNENYTA/ 3 juvene “and BOTH | ጸነየክር.ስቢ. ER ዝ8ዜባ - w deine ditte garden RLY '
wb ^fudded - by

sar

wat ded!

እ ዓና

ML = = plats: k pira eer rin “Three SADE PB. Were: : que “ e ; *
መመ ው. — -vied voi eue to oe — Se 1. f

^W COME

PO arüged: a ormal.garden in. whieh seti.

DEA JAGUS |

ን Veens Mire. A... Watson. ‘Constanee, Glory:

T RREME
n : Bii

is Moret Uwe

= "exhibit." BODEN

iilo. du 809. > Aht one um n. ee Meets.

ነ. 7

ሂከራ fone WOR | 8ክ6ዕ8ዉ. '.
Fr rönt Maare.. Rica ANI ክሴ:

as Sag DAE
ame 8. medi: exhi br €- — Af.
ES olas an Pansies

ና ው RAE ዘክ: በ

u been d
E Durus "BE: e —
Wae aea ድ መ ና o ee id nd. small.
< Capres Thr dawet: porton was paved. na
fi “611 with

"1

pode NS y e ነን)

wit i
161758. "amd fBueket ” id
፡8ሀ፻፳22::. ፻"6ዛሮ ya: dedi ne og
© Berbers and: Maples (n PROTEL l

-Mowertniuns QUAEMIES ARF — Waren

Mo 8. ይይ ivre armaments: redire DU
ok He Tes one nd Flowers. x i x |
SNAG athe, d “interesting | feature | 4n: ——
—— wis g i carpe group. oF Delphiniams T
sseb cup be. Mane BLACKMORE. asp’ anabon, 0 EMEN
Perh, and it 18 questionable whether the fim 2e
veu “ever. dAhnwü ይ. fuer ipt. Ardongat the,

shades 6፻ (colour. ate following:
CXripties. | የኛጻርዩ very ‘striking. aezie Van

ቻቸው ኤ L
7 v TE "4 “ፔ”ሎ-, `~ "4
* ቋ ዳን TS 41. a ፈያ ያ
" ከል መሆ

Mes, Townley: Parker, ‘Lavender, Son ን መ ae
Be Bay, Aud. 13196: Queen. i ‘
Tapping werk fhe chick fie Wa “ርኩ
— Of handy planis staged - D 38:7.
Canta, E yeyfont, - 6፡65. and 90889)...
:: ከከር86:.::. የይ - “Pink Pearls: roe |
Saxe’. Blue, ከ “Roads, | and
Downer’s - Dalh ont 886681 o “Bridges E Uae
Aus: qrnaup, - — Eo ገጸ Wlimas - repe PES
Salko adleetise. d dieplised -

"

—— ets

Grnaow ARD Co 16608: Bars:
ka Bento Amo interesting eoeta: «E
B d Mie Atranerent casn. 81118. too እክ
i oid en iloetive. . daphne: € porn.” “ያክ
honk UM alifioswer palled Glory o
መሼ features: uic ther

Tac 1 ፲2- * ess RS.

| Quite PORE Wen. he pm Ber UE
p hardy: Primulas . , md." ,ዲህዞዞ ulas- aged --ከኛ--

with a: bitelcgsinan : nM alipe

the diniy ‘Bankr bw ME 4 — 1 T n front, und pariialy: «82 FNA A ከ53 “ብ

horder, 9. syhieb were: 35:26]ሥ፡89, ' Tamanha.
Trines; iad sinple. Pavonies, thie ይ/ሸኮርሽ 5t the

5, ታቀብ 60195 very pleasing: yd 881691,

Aute. (Mes ques gra jet; “ጸው dise

‹ i ፥ 1 E.
' 34 £t * n 4 ፥5 $i

RS : Es see ge

— p pe MáoWaTr, ; hise Ov Statland
ባገ: corner PT ine — eas. ፣ 440689 “interesting: 840098. i the : 0፡9ሀበ5ሺ፡ ፍዞክር phe >
by Moare Sox 49) Uatt and con- different: hints! sépressntng the X^. vwpitatu. |
Ospiettaus dm. in atirertive: pexhitut were’ Lupins groupo > Phare: ens something “partientarly 7
ገዢ» light. Magflowee. ህህ] Prip China; Tris ehhis nd rans m. sthig *ealle: fut eh cc

ped lod (6 Pho ፍክቨህ።፡

panies. Anchinsa Crphi "Verbascums "verbale |
Sad We Wai ken with ቁ. charus. variety of
“Gerona 3476. ie whole beer ። መ. ድ.
A intiena ; ternanred. *

ARE.

| ——

The qma AE. "he: ‘binge አከበ here Ono 5”: evidence à 1! (eve Jdoproents. i f
Tawes shown. Ky Messrs, Mo 198887 aan : የበካ፲]፡፡. የክ. 411 Rao ald GA chy tie Ba
Bons; ‘Christyhere ቬ.. denis. were thu [፡ጠበስህ diront: BUDE -ል[በነከዚ.› - ‘some

J
pulvegalenta ‘Lady: Thursby, Bartley. v obi.
ebrii -UBartey- Hush; Bartley ‘Pink, Hew,”
nd - ::7ከክ826496፡-. but there ^weres may.

ether: ápterostmr. planta m Abus exhibit, | whid

site duitrdiag: wanes. ant

“ፌ-

Tien Chester, pat 88. 8 Hay aE Primula:
; ielorto xa. sud there ሀሀ Thien mare - variety :

— Ji du

wareh a የርብ Daisy: «8158 Shirley; € hejranthns
Title; Gem ut A AUR nt; priua depen.
Due Tis d TEL ተሃ :

n> a tumi, central Ped, alt. tà 3heinsebyeus,
Pee Palyanthasa . ani Auriguls& ^7 wie

"

SPARO AnpERSsEY -HidtrienUTURAL. ‘Cora 29298

rigue pid: Nightly Kilectivo s avere "des hay.
/CMnripolds- (8534 # Calendula) shown on baskets. fe
Bow Sjeme A

Xoty ... pied

RS uttractad -puich abténtjon,. 77 pinata, pules. an the, exhibit AP add. dese been more
| dent ፲.,66841፡4 hybrida; ‘and Po JHpomii’ — attractive: e AMAN
‘ee big c part: 18 tli ፀዌክከ1ክቪ pt: ens 18 8 ecole: — ne howdy, — Hia. hy
WALLAGHER, - ‘Reading. - amb there: were? 0. Vs. Ba BADRANG TAD. Satham pros they
e ‘olumbines - in: Fapery and phinte efc “My 40981. "pspienegs. features Ne: n ‘double: |
6፡1 strains | E: ፔጩ፦-.ሆ 1088" And: Mimulus Myyasotis - ealled. Orion), "Mimüulus, adhan ca

a

[04 E 'ኒ»2/ i
x
44 Y 5 V,

Wass: —— — NOAR P Mr

BGOAPEEHORN, Beckonbar, - ent. m bëri: ene
-Tulips and © AzileAs in tbe ‘canines hod on
E tontskirta: . drnsubs © E: Hesperis ' Pisin lie

moe plena Daphne! Cuesnram, Primulas ' a
WRENS — ዝበ. | በርክደሀ18፡(16..- and “Phlox.

daphemii SERIA
< 16: D Goror. Hnos Tanman. 860360.
Staged a Fe t^oharmig eoleetion | “ok: Dutch.
ፏጩ - along: ath wore: beautiful “Anetnoties .
not khe 114864 the :. ፅየ ቶ1ቦኗ. preendx,
dmpereiar. Vus | "der | Helt Mte Excelsior,
ebo በ a 496.) und emt, "noeh
—— 6 | ከዚ1ኮክዚ,

thy zh 16ሄ፻::
Spd: oie wf ነከ6 ኩዛ. nallastions : ‘staged eds

dion / ia’ | ጸዐበበ ' 33688 shows:
phat: from. M Ay CLAREI C Tine | Greenwns:
"Nnuesertes, "DAnnten. She. fevers: "were FASHE.
tilly ArrswEPd nnd duetndedo quite 6 lange.
slept on. pb Varieties Me J. Ponnns, Hawick,
፡፡0፡116 ከ0. ' ይ ‘staged: 4 JUGE election - ot
Parisios: "iri: Vidia Mr ILEIAM SY AND RL,
o Miidenhiad, who dei" howe Aiolis filten
ciini Space”: allotted AR. his: with. uw liner:
Boe ie bs SAO RA bib idariy

gi EY C ENORMI. dM

May 30, 1925.

THE GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE.

381

memory of James Douglas Senr. seemed to be
revived in the exhibit of Auriculas in pots
which, were shown by the Great Bookham
firm and the varieties staged represented
many of the best members of this charming
family of spring-flowering plants. Though
the date was early for Paeonies these showy
flowers were represented in a collection
staged by Mr. F. Girrorp, Hornchurch, and
they do not fail to attract considerable
attention.

Shrubs in the Open.

In addition to the collections arranged in
the tents some exhibitors were given spaces
outside, where they had opportunities of
arranging their trees and shrubs under
more natural conditions.

Near the tents. Messrs. ARTHUR CHARLTON
AND Sons displayed well grown shrubs
in variety. Those which attracted most
attention were Kalmia latifolia, in con-
siderable quantity; Sophora viciifolia, in
most elegant foliage, Corokea virgata, many
Maples, including the finely divided foliage
forms of the Japanese Maples and Acer
Negundo variegata: many valuable Brooms
and a number of Rhododendrons and Azaleas,

At. the embankment end of the Lime
Avenue Messrs. L. R. RvsskELL LTD., had
two large groups of considerable attraction.
In one Azaleas and Rhododendrons of the
best varieties, provided brilliant colouring.
Of the Rhododendrons the very best were
Alice, Corona, Bagshot Ruby, Cynthia and
Pink Pearl. The Azaleas were mostly of the
showy mollis and rustica types and the
masses of double flowers of Azalea
rustica Aida, violet bordered with
rose-pink: Freya, yellow and rose flushed
with pink; Phoebe, sulphur yellow; and
Ariadne, white, lizhtly flushed with rosy-
purple, were very effective. Amongst many
foliage shrubs they included a number of
Jupanese Maples,

Japanese Maples of all possible variations

of foliage and colouring were grouped by
Messrs. W. FrRomMow AND Sons, and thes?

required a large area to fully display their
charms. Intense, deep crimson colour was
provided by Acer palmatum sanguineum, A.
dissectum atropurpureum and A. dissetum
ornatum. A. sanguineum variegatum, combines
rich colour with a pleasing variegation, while
Acer palmatum corallinum has a fascinating
rosy sheen. The leaves of A. dissectum
palmatifidum are very finely divided and of
a pleasant, restful green.

On the opposite side of the carriage-way
Messrs. M. KosTER AND Sons planted out a
collection of Rhododendrons and Azaleas,
in full bloom. and these made a welcome
patch of colour. Amongst the R}:ododendrons
were Robt. W. Wallace, bright pink; Mrs.
L. A. Dunnett, dark pink, and Enchantress.

Topiary specimens were extensively shown.
Messrs. WM. CUTBUSH AND Son had a large
number of designs perfectly fashioned in Box
and, occasionally, in Yew. The executors of
the late Anthony Waterer set out many
specimens of spirals, pillars, columns and
other designs in Yew. Messrs. ROBERT GREEN,
LTD., had an enormous number of Bay trees,
many of them bearing their yellowish flowers,
in pyramids, standards and in spirals.

Shrubs in the Tents.

By reason of the mass of glowing colours
on well grown Azalea plants the huge exhibit
of Messrs R. AND G. CUTHBERT was one of
the most popular in the tents. They have
often shown Azaleas of high quality, but we
question if that of the present occasion has
ever before been equalled The mollis and
sinensis varietics, which embrace the large
flowers of rich glowing colours of the one with
the freedom of the other, were very prominent,
and most noteworthy of these were Alma
Tadema, soft rose with red blotch; Anthony
Koster, glowing golden yellow; Dr. Pasteur,
orange with purple blotch, Duchess of Rut-

land, lemon &and.ipink;": Glory of [Boskoop,
‘orange with large red blotch; Hugo Koster,
salmon shaded orange; Medame Anthony
Koster, Apple blossom pink; Queen Victoria,
cream white. daintily spotted; W. E. Gladstone,
orange-yellow and Robespierre, rich pink
flushed with orange. The mollis seedlings
included Dulcinee, salmon-red; Esmerelda. red,
General Goffinet. violet ; Henri Concience,
deep rose. and Souv. de Louis van Houtte.
white and rose pink. The smaller, double
flowered A. rustica varieties were very charming.

Anthony Koster Azalea was well shown by
Mr. GEORGE G. WHITELEGG, who associated
a number of plants with Azalea Kaempferi.
A. Hinomanyo and various Brooms.

In association with their fascinating centre
piece of Liliums, Astilbes and red Maples,
Messrs. R. WALLACE AND Co. had two groups
of Rhododendrons and Azaleas. We especially
noted amongst the Rhododendrons the new
Britannia, Ascot Brilliant, Countess of Athlone,
Compton's Brow, Corona, Pirette Forrestier,
White Pearl and Mme. Gaston Chandon,
though there were many other sorts of
distinct merit.

With the aid of standards and Japanese
.Maples, Mr. T. LEWIS set up a very attrac-
tive group of Rhododendrons. Unfortunately
these were but rarely named. The exceptions in
the matter of naming were Alice, Mrs. E. C.

Stirling, Pink Pearl, Corona, George Hardy
and Ascot Brilliant.

Vivid colour was provided by the massed
plants of Rhododendron Hugh Koster,
Edith Mackworth Praed, Madame de

Peter Koster and
collection of Messrs.

Bruin, Rosamund Millais.
other sorts in the
M. KOSTER AND SONS.

A collection of Rhododendrons arranged by

Mr. WALTER SLOCOCK, contained well-
flowered bushes of seven beautiful pink
varieties of HR. decorum, Loders’ White, a

blush form of R. campylocarpum, Goldsworth
Pink, 4 pink hybrid R. Aucklandii, Goldsworth
Crimson and Broughtoni aureum, the last
of good yellow colour.

In association with standard Roses and
Maples, Mr. CHas. TURNER displayed many
plants of greenhouse Rhododendrons,
including R. Beadonii, R. Edith: and R.
exoniensis. On a table space they had a very
complete collection of Lilacs: Belle de Nancy,
double rose; Charles Sargent. double violet ;

Charles X. one of the darkest flowered,
Jeanne d'Arc, double white; Marc Michell,
semi-double — pale-blue; Negro, single deep

purple, and Waldeck Rousseau, pale lilac, are
the names of a few of the very best.

A graceful group of Rododendrons was
arranged bv the ExecuTors of the late Mr.
Anthony Waterer. The excellent plants
included Mrs. Lionel de Rothschild, Anne
Lois Waterer, Attraction, G. A. Sims, of
deep crimson colour, Garibaldi deep rose,
Mrs. A. C. Kenrick deep blush, Lady Grey
Egerton lilac blush, Purple Splendour,
Edward S. Rand rosey, purple, Mrs. John
Millais, pale blush with green spots, and
Marchioness of Lansdowne rose with chocolate
spots.

Phe Riviera type of Rhododendron was well
shown by Messrs. R. GILL and Son and the
centre of the group was devoted to large trusses
of Rhododendron Falconeri, Cornish Cross,
marbled pink colour, a beautiful hybrid of
Fortunei and Aucklandii; Gill’s Goliath, blush
edged with deep rose pink; Beauty of
Littleworth, a very large truss of white
flowers spotted with rosy maroon ; Dalhousiae
trumpet shaped flowers of great substance and
ef deep yellow colour. They also showed
Embrothrium coccineum and flowers of a
grand strain of St. Brigid Anemones.

Mr. R. C. NorcumT, brought a large
and varied collection of hardy shrubs.
Brcoms were freely shown and these included
Cytisus Firefly, C. albus, C. Beanii, C. Daisy
Hill, C. nigricans, C. sessiliflorus, and C.
scoparius Andreanus prostratus grafted some
four feet high. White Lilacs included Vestale,

single, Marie Legrange, double, and there
were also President Grevy, double lilac, Lcuis
van Houtte and Madame Jules Firget
Spiraea confusa, Diervilla Bouquet Rose’
Magnolia purpurea, Pyrus Eleyii, and various»
Azaleas were also of merit.

A well-designed group of shrubs was ex-
hibed by Messrs. WATERER. SON AND CRISP.
Rhododendrons predominated and these in-
cluded such valuable sorts as Corona, Pink
Pearl, Boule de Niege, Cynthia, Starfish, and
the relatively new Bernard Crisp which bears
large trusses suffused with Apple-blossom pink.
The Rhododendrons were relieved by shapely
standard Brooms in variety set at intervals.

In a semi-circular group Messrs. J. CHEAL
AND Sons displayed Azalea Pallas, A. J. C.
van Thol, and Rhododendron Pink Pearl, of
large size with standards of Cytisus Butterfly,
C. Andreanus prostratus, C. kewense, and C.
versicolor prostrata over dwarfer plants of Acer
japonicum palmatum, Rhododendron Michael

Waterer. Hydrangea ^ Madame . Mouilliére,

Cytisus Bean, and other useful subjects.
Large standards of Wistaria, Cytisus

scoparius, grandiflorus pendulus, and double

Cherries, with Bamboos made a very graceful
centre to the interesting collection of shrubs
so well arranged by Messrs. HILLIER AND

Sons. Other items of value and interest include
Pyrus Malus aldenhamensis; Hydrangea

hortensis, of very rich blue colour; Cordyline
de Grootei, Azalea Hinodigiri, Cunninghamis
sinensis, Ceanothus papillosus, Magnolia alba
superba, M. Soulangeana and Solanum
crispum.

In the tent Messrs. L. R. RvussELL showed
many Clematis with tall examples of Vitis
Henryana, Hedera dentata variegata, H. Sheen:
Silver, H. Jubilee, Aralia madsehuricus
srgentea variegata and other hardy sirubs.

Uncommonly good arrangement was dis-
played in the group of Mr. G. REUTHE.
There were splendid plants of Crinodendron
Hookeri. amply furnished with its bright
pendulous flowers; Olearia semi-dentata, Solanum
crispum, Magnolia Lennei, Illicium religiosum,
Colletia spinosa, Embothrium coccineum,
Grevillea alpina, with Rhododendrons
and Azalens.

The DoNanp NunsERY Co. included a large
Pittosporum Silver Queen in their group of
hardy and half-hardy shrubs. They also
showed Ilex Pernyi, Olearia stellulata, Veronica
Hectori, varieties of Ceanothus, Erica alpina,
Berberis macrophylla purpurea, and many

many

Azaleas. Belle of Woking, doublo silvery
grey; Mrs. Cholmondeley, light blue; W. E.
Gladstone, lovely lilac shade; Mme. Ed.

Andre, bright red and of velvety texture;
and Stella, light violet with bars of reddish
Plum are desirable varieties of Azaleas.

Adjoining Mr. Perry’s Ferns was an admir-
able group of Clematis displayed by Messrs,
GEO. JACKSON AND Son. These were the
type of trained plants bearing plenty of large
flowers which has so long been associated
with tho firm. Of the very many splendid
varieties The Bride, a new white sort: Lord
Neville, dark Plum colour; Lanurtera, perhaps
the largest flower of all, though the darker
Lady Northcliffe was `a good second in this
respect; Empress of India, light violet-purple
with deeper shade in the centre; and Duchess of
Sutherland, bright red, shading in the centre
to a light tone, were the more noteworthy.

Their novelty Broom, Cytisus Dorothy
Walpole, was shown in quantity by Messrs.
WM. Watson .AND Sons. 11 is a floriferous
variety of velvety crimson colour with rose
coloured wings and in the open should be
very effective.

On the staging the YOKOHAMA NURSERY
CoMPANY set out a large number of Japanese
trees of small size and apparently of great age.
Such Conifers as Larix, Pinus, and Cupressus
obtusa varieties were represented, and they
also had dwarfed specimens of Maples, Oaks,
Beech and many other species. Besides these
they showed miniature Japanese gardens of
considerable fascinatjon,

382

Science Exhibits.

At the embankment end of the main tent
a small tent was set aside for Seience.
Perhaps due to lack of advertising, this was
not at all well patronised by the visitors,
though it contained many valuable and
interesting exhibits. The society itself was
responsible for a large portion of the exhibits,
and probably the most valuable were the
specimens and diagrams showing how
relatively few are the really self-fertile
varieties of Apples, Pears, Plums, and Cherries.
To this end the RoyaAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY
had large, easily-read lists and also goodly-
sized fruiting trees in pots. Near by they
showed various types of dwarf Beans in the
form of fruiting plants in pots and in dishes
of dormant seeds. The comparative cropping
results of Apples propagated from parent
trees of good and of bad history also told
a valuable story.

The value, or rather necessity, of grease-
banding of fruit trees was illustrated, and,
alongside, there were examples of the insect
pests of Rhododendrons, the Green Spruce
Aphis, Aster Wilt, Stem Rot of Carnations,
and plants affected by the new disease of
Sweet Peas, and attention was drawn to
the account which appeared in the Society’s
Journal last year. Diagrams illustrating
the various types of Sweet Peas, and type
flowers of the Dahlia classification should
have appealed to lovers of these beautiful
flowers.

Living examples, as well as diagrams, were
shown dealing with the die-back disease of
Rambler Roses. There were also models of
such good and bad insects as Ladybirds,
leaf-eating Weevils, Hover Flies, Wasps, Scale
insects, and Cockroaches.

THE BOTANICAL DEPARTMENT OF THE LEEDS
UNIVERSITy contributed ‘ Photographs and
specimens illustrating effect of lightning and
of minute traces of coal-gas upon plants,
and the healing of wounds." But greater
prominence was given to the valuable data
concerning the effect of various conditions on
cut Potato sets, and the result of the
experiments carried out over a considerable
period showed “that sunlight or dryness causes
too rapid drying of the cut surface, which
cracks, allowing disease germs to enter.
Shade, moisture, air, and a moderate
temperature give the best conditions for the
formation of an even layer of protective,
corky tissue, which prevents the entry of
foreign organisms and resists decay.”

The exhibits from the BRISTOL UNIVERSITY
HORTICULTURAL RESEARCH STATION chiefly
concerned problems in fruit-growing. To
illustrate the need for various plant foods,
little bushes of Gooseberry and Black Currant
had been grown with a “ complete nutrient,”
and omitting (a) nitrogen, (b) potash,
(c) phosphoric acid, and also afforded
apparently, clear water only. It was, of course,
abundantly clear that the Gooseberry fed
with water only was a failure. The dire
results of eliminating nitrogen were fully
evident, but the perfect example bush was,
to the cultivator, a poor thing, so that he
would be hard put to arrive at any reliable
conclusion regarding the need or otherwise of
phosphoric acid. The examples seemed to
indicate that it did not matter much
whether or not calcium were present in the
soil for Gooseberries, and that magnesium
was even less necessary. The Black Currants
were somewhat better grown, but if the
BRISTOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT wishes to
impress or instruct the practical fruit grower
they must grow better bushes with a
* complete nutrient.”

THE IMPERIAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY contributed cultures of disease-
producing organisms and models of the soft
rot of Potatos, the black-leg disease of

Potatos and Beans, and Lettuce diseases.
Messrs. CHAS. HEARSON AND Co, staged
seed-testing incubators, and Mr. JAMES

MaAcDOoNALD had many interesting herbarium
specimens of grasses,

THE

GARDENERS’

For the Orchidist there was the fascinating

exhibit of the Clement-Armstrong asymbiotic `

process of the germination of Orchid seeds.
with many glass tubes containing the specific
fungus and seeds in various stages of
germination.

Exhibits of Sundries.

Large and varied collections of the different
mechanical and chemical aids to successful
gardening were, as usual, displayed in the
avenues, where they attracted goodly crowds
of visitors who were eager to enquire into
the merits of the newest type of lawn mower,
and the efficacy of the various insecticides
and weed exterminators.

THE ABOL Co. LTD., had assistants domon-
strating the easy working nature of their well-
known syringe and other spraying appliances,
and they also showed their non-poisonous
insecticides and special manures.

Such old favourite preparations as their
Lethorion Cones for fumigating, Fowler's Lawn
Sand, Summer Cloud for shading greenhouses,
Niquas, & non-poisonous insecticide, Slugene,
Weed Death and White Fly Death, which
is said to be particularly effective, were
attractively set out by Messrs. CoRRY AND
Co

Katakilla, McDougall's non-poisonous weed
killer, their well-known VI. and VII. spraying
fluids, and various spraying appliances were
shown by Messrs. WM. COOPER AND NEPHEWs,
while THE ECLIPSE SPRAYING Co. also displayed
their particular type of spraying machines.

Their Multiple and Carmona specialities were
prominently shown by Messrs. ROBINSON Bnos.,
and these included special chemical manures
for all sorts of plants, fumigating compounds,
Velvas Lawn Sand, which, it is claimed,
destroys all weeds in grass, and Eradiweed
for garden paths. They also had many useful
syringes and watering cans. Insecticides, soils,
and plant barrows were well shown by Messrs.
H. Scorr AND Sons.

THE STONEHOUSE Works Co. had a great
variety of knapsack and other spraying machines,
and also their special insecticides and fertilizers.
The equally well-known Four Oaks pattern
knapsack sprayers and syringe were attractively
displayed by the Four Oaxs SPRAYING
MACHINE Co.

The HOLDER-HARRIDEN Spraying Machine for
garden purposes was also to be seen, while
Messrs. MARTINEAU AND SMITH also showed
their patterns.

Synthetic Farmyard Manure, which seemed
pleasant to use and rich in humus, was set
out by Messrs. Apco Lro. Messrs. ALLWoop
Bros. showed their specialised manure for
Carnations, with various accessories for the
same flower.

Loam of excellent quality was shown in
thick, fibry turves by Mr. A B. JoHNsTON,
and the KEY FERTILIZER Co. had miniature
lawns showing the value of their treatment.
A new exhibitor in the sundries section was
Messrs. SAMUEL McGREDY AND Son, who
set out various accessories for Roses, and
their special manure for producing show and
garden Roses.

The old, tried Ichthemic Guano and Tomorite
for Tomatos were both largely shown in most
attractive tins by Messrs. PRENTICE Bros.,
who enhanced the attractions of their prepara-
tions with many excellent flowering plants.

Garden Tools.

In addition to the syringes and spraying
machines there were many exhibits of garden
tools. Messrs. CAMP AND Co. had useful
pruners. A good selection was shown by
Messrs. HOLTZAPFFEL AND Co. Mr. C. A.
JARDINE had pruners. Messrs. R. MELHUISH,
LTD., showed a large selection of useful type
digging forks and spades, rakes, hoes, and
other tools of a good quality were extensively
displayed by Messrs. A. SMELLIE AND Co.

The WILKINSON ከ085 Co. showed very
useful knives, scissors, and pruners.
Assistants were busily demonstrating the

qualities of the extension ladders, of which
Messrs. DREW, CLARK AND Co. displayed a

CHRONICLE.

May 30. 1925.

wide range. These collapse into quite a small
size and are capable of considerable extension.

They also showed platform steps which
would also be useful in the garden.
The “ Willmott Rival Plant Stakes." which

were exhibited by Mr. H. J. GREENWOOD,
are excellent wire supports for plants of all
kinds. By an ingenious twisting of two
quite slender wires great rigidity is obtained,
and this, with the various shades of green

paint used, make them very inconspicuous.
The grey-green of Carnation foliage. for
instance, was most successfully copied, so

that the stakes in a
scarcely be detected.

A handy little tray for sowing small seeds
evenly and other useful “gadgets” were
exhibited by the House AND GARDEN
SUNDRIES Co. Vases and flower holders were
shown by Mr. T. CarriE West; Mr. WM.
LiwTON, who also had Oak tubs; Mr. E.
SYDNEY, and Miss A. L. BAKER.

Well constructed ladders, both rigid and
extension, as well as steps and trestles in a
good variety, were shown by the ACME
PATENT LADDER Co.

The COOPER STEWART ENGINEERING Co.
displayed the Stewart Rain King Lawn
Sprinkler. Mr. J. Haws had a large range
of his well known patent watering cans and
water carriers, and amongst their various
tools, Messrs. THOMAS GUNN, LTD., showed
watering pots and garden hose.

The Nor-FoRGOTTEN ASSOCIATION included
garden baskets, trays and chairs in their
exhibit. Messrs. PATTISSON AND Co. set out
specimens of their special horse boots, which
are so useful for work on lawns, and also
showed sprinklers and rollers. The Neuspray
was shown by Mr. J. SINGLETON. The
Cascade Nozzle was exhibited by Messrs. T.
H. WEBSTER AND SONS.

Excellent metal garden labels in a great
variety were displayed by Mr. J. PINCHEs,
who also had a very good pattern bloom
protector. Mrs. ToRKINGTON also showed

rden labels, and the WoMEN's FARM AND

ARDENING ASSOCIATION had a selection of
gloves and overalls. Trucks, ladders, and
wheelbarrows were contributed by Mr. H. C.
SLINGSBY.

large pot-plant could

Lawn Mowers.

It was chiefly the motor driven lawn
mowers that were displayed in the Lime
Avenue, though the J.P. SuPER LAWNMOWERS
Ltp., hand machine, which by a system of
gearing works very easily, was exhibited.
Messrs. DENNIS Bros. had several sizes of
their special motor mower, as also had the
GopIva ENGINEERING Co.

Messrs. THOS. GREEN AND Sons, one of
the earliest makers of lawn mowers, showed

their latest patterns, which have various
improvements, and also displayed garden
rollers. The “Atco” lawn mower, manu-

factured by Messrs. C. H. Puan, LTD. was
prominent amongst the motor machines of
medium size.

Their well-known Automaton type was
included in a large selection by Messrs.
RANSOME, SIMS AND JEFFERIES, and Messrs.
A. SHANKS AND Sons displayed, in their
newest patterns, the result of long experience
with lawn mowers.

Many improvements are claimed by MESSRS.
Joun SHAW AND Sons for the ‘ Governor ”
motor lawn-mower. It is water-cooled, has
no superstructure; a three-section roller in
their system of gearing dispenses with the
chain drive.

Amongst the exhibitors of garden furniture
were Messrs. ABBOTT Bros.. who showed
folding tables; THE DRvAD CANE FURNITURE
CoMPANY: THE LORD ROBERTS’ MEMORIAL
WorxKsHoPS: THE PAPWORTH INDUSTRIES ;
THE PARAMOUNT FURNISHING COMPANY. who
had cane chairs and tables; Messrs. SMITH
AND Erus, Ltp.. who also had included
various garden tools; Messrs. T. SYER
AND Company: Mr. WALTER UNWINS :
CASTLES’ SHIPBREAKING COMPANY. whose

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384

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

— — — — — — — — — — — —— —— — — —

M. WILLIAMS, and Awards of Merit to R.
Albrechtii, shown by Mazor G. H. Joun-
STONE, and to R. cantabile, shown by Mr.
A. M. WiLL!AMS.

=- = — ----- ዜጭ፦ — ee eee

THe Annual Festival Dinner of the Royal
Gardeners’ Orphan Fund was held at the
Hotel Victoria, Northumberland Avenue,
W.C.2, on Wednesday, the 13th inst. These
annual dinners are always pleasing functions
and the means of raising a considerable
proportion of the income of the Fund. The
tables were beautifully decorated by Mr.
Harry Miles with his usual artistic skill and
on this occasion his design consisted mainly
of yellow Tulips with red Ixias as foils.
The Rt. Hon. Sir Alfred Mond, Bt., M.P.,
presided, and he was supported by many
distinguished horticulturists, including Sir
Frederick Keeble, Sir Stuart Samuel, Mr.

Edward Sherwood, Mr. Noel Sutton, Mr.
H. B. May, Mr. George Monro, Mr. Whit-
paine Nutting, Mr. David Ingamells, Mr.

J. F. McLeod, Mr. C. H. Curtis, Mr. P. R.

Barr, Mr. G. W. Barr, Mr. A. Metcalfe,
Mr. J. M. Bridgeford, Mr. H. J. Jones,
Mr. G. F. Tinley, Mr. W. Corry, Mr. T.

Pateman, Mr. W. Howe and Mr. W. Auton.

Many ladies were present and all enjoyed
a most pleasant evening; the proceedings
included a selection of vocal and instru-
mental music under the direction of Mr.
Ralph Norris.

The principal toast—that of the Royal
Gardeners’ Orphan Fund—was proposed by
Sir Alfred Mond, who said, he was present
that evening to plead a cause that makes a
universal appeal to all people—that of the

orphan. There was nothing more terrible, he
said, than the loss of parenthood to
children. The Royal Gardeners’ Orphan

Fund was founded in the year. of the
jubilee of Queen Victoria with the object
of making small grants to the orphans of
gardeners all over the country, and the
cause of the gardeners’ orphan appeals to
all those to whom gardening gives so much
joy and happiness. Sir Alfred said there are
no gardens like the gardens of England and
there are no gardeners like the British
people, for ours is one of the real
gardening nations of the world. The necessity
of & Fund like this is even more intensified
to what it used to be in the olden days.
He asked the guests present to support such
& worthy charity, which ought to be better
known. The Fund needs assistance, for
the income is only £1,100 a year, and the
Committee looks to the annual festival
dinner as the main source to continue and
extend the benefits to the orphans of gar-
deners. Sir Alfred appealed to all those
present to do their utmost in the cause of
the Fund, for the orphan is not provided
for under any Government scheme.

Mr. Edward Sherwood, who responded,
said that it was & very kind action of Sir
Alfred Mond to preside over a function of
this character. He said that during the war
years they had had to expend much of
their invested capital and a large sum
had yet to be replaced. During the past
month or two they have lost many valued
subscribers to their Fund, including a vice-
president, the Duke of Rutland, and Lord
Leverhulme, who a few hours before his
death had sent a donation for the festival
dinner. Mr. Sherwood referred to the death
of Sir Harry J. Veitch, a great supporter,
who had passed away since the last festival
dinner. He thanked Mr. G. F. Tinley for
his kindness in acting as secretary to the
Fund during Mr. Wynne’s illness and the
past year and stated that Mr. A. ር.
Bartlett had been elected to fill that position
and by the way he had begun there was
promise that he would carry out the secre-
tarial duties in an able manner. He also
thanked the Committee for tho good work
they had done. Mr. Sherwood referred to
the Government scheme of ponsions for

widows and orphans, and said it would be
a bad day for the morals of this country
if charities of this kind were to be swept
away by Government interference.

The toast of “The Visitors’? was proposed
by Mr. George Monro and responded to ከሃ
Mr. John Douglas who said he had a great
admiration for those who worked on_ behalf
of charities. He agreed that it would be a
bad day for this country when the Govern-
ment interfered with charities of this nature.

Sir Frederick Keeble, F.R.S., proposed the
health of the Chairman, to which Sir Alfred

responded.
At this stage of the proceedings the
Secretary, Mr. A. C. Bartlett, stated that

the amount subscribed at and in consequence
of the dinner was just over one thousand
guineas. The list was headed by a donation
of one hundred guineas from the Chairman
and other substantial donations were £260
collected by Mr. David Ingamells from
friends in Covent Garden; £68 collected by
Mr. J. M. Bridgeford; 50 guineas, Messrs.
Hurst and Sons; £50, Messrs. Sutton and
Sons; £50, Mr. Whitpaine Nutting; 25
guineas, Messrs. Rothschild and Co.; £25,
Lord Cowdray; £25, Mr. Robert Fleming ;
£24, collected by Mr. G. F. Tinley; 22
guineas, collected by Mr. R. እ. Leech;
£21 collected by Mr. J. E. Dixon; 20 guineas,
the Council of the Royal Horticultural
Society; £20, Mr. J. F. McLeod; £17, Mr. A.
M. Falkner; £15, Messrs. George Bunyard
and Co., Ltd.; £12 12s. Messrs. Corry and
Co.; £10 10s. each from Sir Jeremiah
Colman, Bt., Mr. Robt. B. Ker, Mr. Reginald
Cory, Messrs.. Barr and Sons, Mr. Peter
R. Barr, and Mr. Edward Manwaring,
and £10 each from Mr. George Monro and
Mr, H. J. Jones.

— — — — — — — — —

UNITED HORTICULTURAL BENEFIT AND
PROVIDENT.

THE monthly meeting of this Society was
held at the Royal Horticultural Hall on
Monday, May 11, Mr. Chas. H. Curtis
presiding. Seven new members were elected.
Three members withdrew interest amounting
to £10 6s. 4d., five members withdrew
£115 08. 7d. from their deposit accounts, and
the sum of £111 4s. 6d. was passed for
payment to the nominees of three deceased
members.

The sick pay for the
private side was £65 88. 6d., and on the
State Section £58 6s. 6d.; maternity claims
totalled £6. The sum of £54 lls. 7d. was
paid to members on the State Section
towards their dental bills, and three other
cases were considered.

The Secretary presented the report of the
second valuation of the State SeCtion, which
showed a surplus of £8,298, of which £5,348
was available for disposal, leaving £2,950 to
be carried forward to the next valuation.
The Committee propose giving 5s. per week
extra sick pay to members, 2s. 6d. extra
per week for disablement, and 10s. extra
for maternity benefits; grants will also be
made for dental, optical, and surgical
treatment, for services of nurses, and to
assist members in distress to pay off arrears
to keep them in full benefit. The Committee
proposes also to grant sick pay from the first
day of illness.

A special General Meeting will be held on
Monday/ June 8, when insured members will
bo able to approve of this alteration.

month on the

ROYAL CALEDONIAN HORTICULTURAL.

THE ordinery monthly meeting of this
society was held at 5, St. Andrew Square,
Edinburgh, on May 5, Mr. Robert Fife,
president, in the chair.

ላ paper was read by Mrs. Alcock,
pathologist to the Board of Agriculture for
Scotland, on ‘Some Fungus Diseases and
How to Fight them." The methods of
control, Mrs. Alcock stated. consisted more

particularly in sterilisation of the soil.

Mav 30, 1925

The exhibits were:—Alpine plants, by
Messrs. DoBBIE AND Co, LTD., Edinburgh
(Silver Medal); Antirrhium Nelrose, by Mr.
D. AnMsTrRONG, The Drum, Midlothian

(Cultural Certificate) ; seedling Rhododendron
(Nuttallii x Dalhousieanum), by Mr. D. Mac-
DONALD, Trinity Cottage, Edinburgh (Award
of Merit); and seedling Auriculas, by Mr.
STEWART, Portobello.

Obituary.
Cunningham.—Mr. Andrew Cun-
seed merchant, died at Glasgow
on the 13th inst. in his 64th year. A
native of Glasgow he was at one time
manager to Messrs. J. and R. Thyne, seed
merchants and florists in that city, before
starting business on his own account: He
was subsequently in the service of Messrs.
James Backhouse and Son, York, and
latterly he took over the seed business of
Messrs. Fairbairn, Carlisle, and continued it
in the name of A. Cunningham and Son.
Some months ago he contracted an illness
from which he never recovered. Mr. Cun-
ningham was well known in the seed and
nursery trade and was a man greatly
respected. He leaves a widow, two sons and
a daughter.

Gérard Op t'Eynde.—It is with great regret
that we learn of the recent death of 31.
Gérard Op t'Eynde, the well-known Grape
grower of Hocylaert, Belgium, and President
of the Administrative Council of the important
Brussels society known as the Halles des
Producteurs, or Société Horticole, Viticole.
et Maraichére. Persona grata with all the
Belgian growers, and possessing to a high
degree the gift of tactful organisation, M.
Op t’Eynde was appointed Director of the
Halles des Producteurs in 1910, and through
the difficult war years, until 1918, he carried
through his task to the admiration of all
In local agricultural affairs he was 8180
extremely active, and was Secretary of tha
Comico Agricole at Hoeylaert, as well as
Vice-President of the Conseil Supérieur de
l'Horticulture from the date of its creation
in 1908. His son-in-law, M. Hector van
Orshoven, is known to many of our readers,
as he is Chief of the Board of Horticulture,
& very high position in Belgian official circles,
and it is no secret that the younger man
felt for the elder a very special affection and
admiration. On the 10th of May, the twenty-
fifth anniversary of the Halles des Producteurs
was celebrated by a dinner, at which all
thoughts naturally turned to the man, so
lately dead, to whom as much as to anyone
its success was due; many of the speakers
paid warm tribute to his memory, and to
the fact that he had practically consecrated
the last twenty-five years of his life to the
ideal of co-operation. His great hope was to
see a bond of union between all producers.
his chief thought the protection of their
interest. He leaves a widow, Madame Op
t’Eynde, with whom all will sympathise in
her bereavement.

George Waller.—We regret to report the
death of Mr. George Waller, of St. Albans,
who died on the 7th inst., at the age of
seventy-six years. Beginning his business
career at the formerly well-known firm of
Messrs. B. S. Williams and Sons, Holloway,
he passed forty years of his life in the
service of Messrs. Sanders, St. Albans. He
had an unique experience in the Orchid
department of this eminent firm, where he
superintended the packing and despatch of
many priccless specimens to all parts of the
world. Mr. Waller was an untiring worker,
and only retired from business life about a

Andrew
ningham,

year ago. He is survived by two sons and
two daughters, the elder son, Mr. George
Waller, Junr., being well-known as the

representative of Messrs. Watkins and Simpson,
Ltd.. for the London district.

May 30, 1925.

NEW HORTICULTURAL INVENTIONS.

LaTest PATENT APPLICATIONS.

12291. —Cooke, F. H.— Boxes for flowers, ete.
May 12.

12524 —Graesser-Monsanto Chemical Works,
Ltd.—Extermination of insects and weeds.
May 14.

12598.—Martin, P.—Lawn mowers. May 14.

12812.—Ritchie, Hart and Co., Ltd.—Horti-
cultural, etc., implements. May 16.

12114.—Ranken, F.—Devices for holding
flowers, etc., in bowls, etc. May 9.

SPECIFICATIONS PUBLISHED THIS MONTH.

233.075.— Lang. A. A. D.—Means for support-
ing cut flowers and the like.

231.999. —Vansittart, E.—-Device for use in
pruning and other cutting operations.

ABsTRACT PUBLISHED THIS MONTH.
New Rakes and Hoes. Patent No. 230662.

À novel construction of rake or hoe
having adjustable spring tines has been
protected by Mr. C. T. B. Henning, of 61,
Druitt Street, Sydney, Australia. The tool
consists of a series of radially extending
spring tines rigidly attached about a joint
towards the rear of a handle socket and
passing through a transverse bar or spacing
piece rigidly attached at or near the front
end of the socket. The tines are approxi-

mately the same length and their down-
wardly turned outer ends are cut or
sharpened and arranged in a straight or

curved transverse line. The tool is weighted
by adjustable plates detachably secured to
the tines by wing bolts.

This list is specially compiled for The
Gardeners’ Chronicle, by Messrs. Rayner and Co.,
Regd. Patent Agents, of 5, Chancery Lane,
London, from whom all information relating
to Patente, Trade Marks, and Designs, can
be obtained gratuitously.

Messrs. Rayner and Co. will obtain printed

copies of the published specifications only,
and forward on, post free, for the price of

1,6 each.

LAW NOTES.

WARNING TO SEEDSMEN.

A vase of considerable interest to seedsmen
was heard in Aberdeen Sheriff Court on
Saturday, the 9th inst.. when Mr. John
Tennant, sole partner of the firm of J.
Tennant and Son, seedsmen, Cuminestown,
Aberdeenshire, was charged with having
exposed for sale in his shop forty-five bushels
of perennial Rye-grass seed and failed 10
cause to be displayed conspicuously a state-
ment in writing setting forth their variety,

purity, and germination, contrary to the
Seeds Act, 1920. A second charge was
that Mr. Tennant sold quantities of the

seed to three different people, and failed to
deliver to each of the purchasers a statement
showing the variety, purity, and germination
of the seed. The case was the first of the
kind in Aberdeenshire, and Mr. Maclennan,
procurator-fiscal, in opening the proceedings,
said the case had been sent for prosecution
by the Board of Agriculture. Mr. Tennant
had been quite frank, and gave the names
of the people to whom he sold the seed,
and added that it was not worth his while
to sell the stuff. In answer to Sheriff
Laing, who presided, accused said he was
aware of the Seeds Act, but as he had
been in business for a long number of years
it was difficult to refuse his customers. He
pleaded guilty of a contravention of the
Act.

In delivering judgment, the Sheriff said
the complaint had been brought under the
Seeds Act of 1920, tho object of which was
to ensure the purity and germination of
seeds sold for agricultural purposes. Plainly

THE

GARDENERS’

the intention of the Statute was to promote
both the agricultural and public interests,
and, accordingly, he though it right to

emphasize the fact that the Act was in
existence, and that its provisions must be
adhered to. This was the first case brought

up under the Statute in Aberdeenshire, and
no doubt the object in bringing the action
was to convey a very plain warning to all
seedsmen of their duty under the Act. He
quite appreciated the position in which
accused was placed, but, at the same time,
could not omit consideration of the fact
that accused admitted quite frankly that he
knew what his duty was under the Act.
There were four offences, and accused was
liable to a penalty of £5 for each offence.
He (the Sheriff) did not propose to impose
a penalty of that nature, but in the
circumstances he thought substantial justice
would be done if he restricted the penalty
to one of 15s. for each offence, or 60s. in
all. The fine was paid in court.

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

CHAFER GRUBS IN STRAWBERRY BED: The
specimen received is the grub of the large
Garden Chafer. The pests are very diffi-
cult to eradicate from plots containing
permanent crops. They may be attracted
by placing grass turves upside down in
the soil between the rows of Strawberries,
these forming traps from which the grubs
may be gathered. Naphthaline applied at
the rate of two-and-a-half ounces to the
square yard forked in and well watered
will kill most of the grubs.

CONSTRUCTION OF HarRD TENNIS COURT:
C. T. J. The ground intended for the
court should be well drained with three-
inch land drain pipes set out in rows
fifteen feet apart. The whole site should
be covered with a layer of hard clinkers
to a depth of four inches, and thoroughly
consolidated with a heavy hand roller.
The consolidated clinkers should covered
with three inches of suitable red shale—
2/3 next to cinders to be half-inch material,
the remainder as topping which has passed
through a quarter-inch screen. The first
layer of shale must be well rolled and
made thoroughly firm before the topping
is laid over it, and then again the whole
rolled until the surface becomes hard,
smooth, and of the requisite gradient.
While the surface will, in all probability,
retain its porosity, it may happen in time
that this property may be lost, and it is
therefore well to prepare for this by
allowing a fall of 1 in 100 from the
centre to the outer edges of the court. A
lengthy description of the methods of
making other kinds of hard tennis courts
appeared in our issue of February 26, 1921.

CUCUMBER LEAVES PUNCTURED; Cuc. We
have examined the leaves but cannot find
any trace of fungous disease and suspect

the trouble is due to some insect, although .

none was present on the leaves sent.
NAMES OF Prants: G. P. 1, Nephrolepis
exaltata; 2, Grevillea Thelemanniana; 3,
Prunus Pseudocerasus; 4, Berberis nepal-
ensis; 5, Pyrus japonica var.; 6, P.
Halleana; 7, Kerria japonica var. flore
pleno; 8, Forsythia suspensa; 9, Send in
flower; 10, Quercus Ilex; 11, Cupressus
Lawsoniana var. densa; 12, Choisya ter-
nata; 13, Send in flower; 14, Hymen-
anthera crassifolia. S. B. 1, Cistus lauri-
folius; 2, Send in flower; 3, Clematis
Viticella; 4, Neillia opulifolia; 5, Berberis
sinensis; 6, Spiræa canescens. F. J. G.
1, Ribes aureum; 2, Neillia opulifolia var.
lutea; 3, Send in flower; 4, Exochorda
grandiflora: 5, Prunus japonica var. flore
roseo pleno. G. R. 1, Amelanchier cana-
densis: 2, Elaeagnus umbellatus; 3, Loni-
cera tartarica. C. W. A. 1, Rhododendron
oreodoxa; 2, R. xanthinum ; 3, R. amoenum

CHRONICLE.

385

var. splendens; 4, R. concinnum. J. S. C.
Rhododendron fragrantissimum. 4. P. C.
l, Sempervivum Haworthii; 2, Primula
Juliae. 4. L. 1, Vanda suavis; 2, not
recognised ; 3, probably Maranta concinna ;
4, Calceolaria Clibranii; 5, Acacia armata;
W. H. B. 1, Sedum Sieboldii; 2, S. Lindleyi
var. variegatum ; 3, Pelargonium denticulatum
variety; 4, probably Pyracantha coccinea; 5,
probably Humulus Lupulus. E.G. 1, 5, and 23,
Send in flower; 2, Acer japonicum var.
crataegifolium; 3, Raphiolepis ovata; 4,
Unnamed form of Coleus; 6, Pyrus flori-
bunda; 7, Cephalotaxus drupacea; 8,
C. pedunculata var. fastigiata; 9, Cornus
Mas; 10, Tsuga canadensis; 11, Saxifraga
sp.; 12, Abutilon vitifolium; 13, Acer
palmatum var. albo-variegatum; 14, Quercus
Lucombeana; 15, Arbutus Unedo; 16,
Euonymus japonicus var. luteus; 17, Ruscus
Hypophyllum; 18, Azalea amoena var. ;
19, Quercus Turneri; 20, Danaea Laurus;
21, Ligustrum japonicum; 22, Cupressus
Lawsoniana var.; 24 and 26, Picea orient-
alis vars.; 20, Abies Fraseri; 27, Cassinia
fulvida; 28, missing; 29, Phillyrea media ;
30, Ulex europaeus; 31, Quercus Ilex.

Sweet Pea Bups Droprina: J. E. M. It
is very difficult to determine the cause
of the dropping of your Sweet Pea buds, but
it is probably due to one of two things.
either an excess of moisture or soil of too
loose a character. Most likely the former
is the cause of the trouble in your case.
especially if the Sweet Peas are planted
in the ground, as under these conditions
they often receive more moisture than
they require and the roots would be kept
moist far longer than when the plants are
grown in pots or boxes.

THE PROPAGATION OF VioLas: R. W. B.
These plante are usually propagated by
cuttings or division. The cuttings should
be made from soft, tender growths and
inserted when the weather is cool, as in
the autumn. The old flowering growths
should be cut back to within two inches
or 80 of the base of the plant to cause
the latter to develop new basal growths,
the old, exhausted, flowering stems being
useless for the purpose. This cutting back
should take place a month before the
cuttings are required. As a rule this
should be done in August to produce a
crop of cuttings in September and October,
though one must be guided by the weather

and local conditions. If hot weather
prevails, wait a few weeks for cooler
weather. The cuttings are taken when

about four inches high, and inserted in
cold frames. They will root freely in any
well-drained soil of a light texture. Space
the cuttings four inches apart. It is
necessary to shade the plants from direct
sunshine until they are rooted; this may
be done with shaded lights, reed mats, or
other suitable covering; the shading material
should be removed every evening and
replaced the following morning. So soon
as the cuttings are rooted discontinue
shading. The lights should be replaced:
when the winter sete in severely. Propa-
gation by division of the old roots may
be done at the same period or later, it
being necessary that the roots obtain a
firm hold of the soil before winter arrives.
The old roots or stools, as they arc
termed, will make Jarge quantities of young
plants, for they pull asunder quite easily
with roots attached. This method is largely
adopted in this country for commercial
purposes. The so-called exhibition varieties
are reproduced by cuttings, as they do
not break into basal growth so freely as
the bedding sorts. The chief enemy of
young Violas is red spider, but this pest
may generally be combatted by spraying
the cuttings with water every evening after
the lights are removed.

Communications Received.—J. A. C.—W. F. F.—

R. E.—H. B. M.—H. H. H. W.—A. E. T.—W. H. B.—
E. G. J.—M. M.—W. H.—A. B., New York.

586

THE GARDENERS’

MARKETS.

We cannot. accept any responsibility for the subjoined

reports.

They are furnished to us regularly every

Tuesday by the kindness of several of the principal

salesmen, who are

responsible for the quotations.

It must be remembered that these quotations do

not

represent the prices on

any particular day,

but only the general average for the week preceding
the date of our report. The prices depend upon
the quality of the samples, the way in which they

are packed,

demand, and they

the supply in the market, and the
may fluctuate,

not only from

day to day, but occasionally several times in the

day.—Ebps.

COVENT GARDEN, Tuesday, May 26th, 1925.

Plants in Pots, etc. : Average Wholesale Prices.
(All 48's except where otherwise stated).

Adiantum s. d. s. d.

cuneatum

per doz. ... 10 0-13: 0
—Jelegans ... ... 10 0-12 0
Aralia Sleboldi ... 9 0-10 0
Araucarias, per

doz. E ... 30 0-42 0
‘Asparagus plu- |

mosus ... ... 12 0-18 0
—Sprengeri ... 12 0-18 0

Aspidistra, green 36 0-60 0

— — — — — — — —

Aspleniuni, — per

doz. ... 12 0-18 0 |
—32'8 ... 44 0-30 0
—nidus ... 12 0-15 0
Boronia hetero-

phylla. 48's per |

doz. is ... 21 0-24 በ
Cacti, per tray, |
—12's, 15's . 50-70
(rotons, per doz. 30 0-45 0 `
Cyrtomium . 10 0-25 0 |
Erica, 48's per

doz. ; .. 21 0-30 0

Erica magnifica, s.d.s.d

48's per doz. 24 0-30 0
—coccinea, 48's

per doz. ... 21 024 0
- —60’s per doz. 8 0-10 0
Hydrangea

White, 48's per

doz. ... ... 18 0-30 0
—Pink, 48's per

doz. ቿን ... 18 በ-24 በ
—Blue, 48's per

doz. " ... 30 0-48 በ

Marguerites, white.

48's per doz. ... 15 0-18 0
Mignonette, 484 .

per doz. . 15 0-18 0
Nephrolepis, in |

variety ... .. 12 0-18 0
—32's .. 94 0-36 0

Palms, Kentla ... 30 0-18 0
— 0's I ... 15 0-18 0
Pteris. in variety 10 0-15 0
—large 60's እ 0-60

—small . 40-50
—72's, per tray

of 15’n ... .. 26-30
Rhodanthe, 48's
_ per doz. ... 12 0-13 0
Roses Polyantha,

48’s per doz. ... 18 0-24 0

Cut Flowers, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.

Adiantum deco- s.d. s.d.

Tum, doz. bun. 18 0-24 0
—cuneatum, per

doz. bun. .., 12 0-15 0
Asparagus plu-

mosus, p^r bun.

long trails, 68 20-30

med. sprays ... 16 26

short ,, . 09-13
—Sprengeri, per bun.

long sprays 16-20

med. ,, 10-146

short ,, 0 4- 10
Carnations, — per

doz. blooms ... 26 - 46
Cornflower, per

doz. bun 40-60
Croton leaves,

var. doz. leaves በ 0- 26

Fern, French, pe
doz. bun. *

Galax, American,
green and bronze,
per doz. bun. .. ፦

Gladiolus, Blush-
ing Bride, per
doz. bun. ... 18 0-24 0

— White, per doz.
bun us ... 12 0-15 0

— Peach Blossom,
per doz. bun. ... 18 0-21 0

Gypsophila, white,
dor bun. ... 12 0-15 0

Iceland Poppies... 6 0-7 0

Ixia, red. doz. bun. 3 0- 5 0
—Mixed, doz. bun. 3 0- 4 0

Lapagerias, per
oz. blooms

Lilium speciosum

rubrum, long,

per doz. blooms — —
—short „n n — —
Lilium longiflorum

long. per doz. ...
Lily-of-the-Valley,

per doz. bun. ...
Narcissus—
—Double White,

per doz. bun....
Nigella, Blue, per

doz. bun. ... 12 0-15 0
Orchids, per doz.
—Cattlevas ... 24 0-36 0
—Cypripediums,.. 50-7 €

90-13

10

36-40

40-5 0
150 24 0

፣ሁ- 90

REMARKS.—Supplies
the past week, and
fluctuation in prices.
shorter than

|

|

have
. this
General

8. d. s. d.
Peonies, White
per doz.bun. 8’s 18 0-24 በ
—Pink, per doz.
bun. 12's . ló 0-18 0

— Red, per doz.

bun. 12's ... 13 0-18 0
Pyrethrum

Double White,

per doz. bun. ... 70- 8 0
— Double Pink.

per doz. bun. ... 60-80
—Single Red, per

doz. bun. el 00-790
—Single Pink,

per doz. bun. ... 5 0- 60
Richardias (Arums)

per doz. . 50-060
Roses, per doz.

blooms, Rich-

mond ... 2 0-46
—Liberty .., — ... 26-46
—Madame Butter-

y — .. 2& 50

—Mme. Abel

Chatenay 2636
—Melody ... . 390-10
—Molly Sharman

Crawford . 20-40
--Niphetos 2636
—Opbhelia ... 30-40
—Sunburst. 30-40
Gardenias, per

box, 12’s, 18'5... 40-60
Smilax, per doz.

trails 30-36
Spanish Iris, per

doz. bun.—
— Blue ... 18 0-30 0
—Mauve ... ... 18 0-24 0
—White .. .. 18 0-24 0
—Yellow ... . 24 0-36 0
Statice, mauve ... 5 0-60
Stephanotis, per

72 pips ... 10-36
Stock, English

white ... .. 9 0-18 0
Sweet Peas, per

doz. bun. 8 0-15 0

Violas, perdoz.bun. 1 0- 1 6
French Flowers—
Anemone, St.

Brigid . 2650
Marigolds, per doz. 4 0-- 5 0

during
great

erratic
caused a

been very
has

l supplies are somewhat
for some time past, therefore a further

increase in prices is expected during this week,
especially for scarlet and white blooms, owing to
the increased demand for the Whitsuntide festivities.
Carnations have been arriving in good condition in
spite of the hot weather. All oses have been
considerably fewer, owing to a general break between
crops, and there is a shortage of good red and
white varieties. Indoor Irises appear to be finishing,
and at present only small consignments of outdoor
blooms are available. <All Tulips are practically
over for this season: Clara Butt and Inglescombe
Yellow are the principal sorts on sale. Narcissus
Poeticus has finished very quickly : large consign-
ments of these flowers which arrived last week-end
were practically unsaleable, and difficult to clear at
almost any price. Narcissus Double White is arriving
in good condition, and will meet with good demand
the next few days. Small consignments of double
white Pyrethrum have been received from France:
coloured varieties, both single and double, are coming

from home growers. Sweet-scented Paeonies have
also made their first appearance; these are also
from France; but ordinary varieties are increasing
almost daily from home growers. Other item now
arriving more freely from home growers are Corn-
flowers, Nigellas, Gypsophila, Iceland Poppies, and
Gladiolus he Bride (white). Coloured sorts have

been more limited during the past few days; Sweet
Peas are more numerous and some fine blooms are

on offer, thelr prices varying from 6d. to 1/6 per
bunch.

Fruit : Average Wholesale Prices.
Apples— s. d. s. d. s.d. s.d
New Zealand— . Grape Fruit,

—Cox's Orange Cuban ... ... 99 0-10 0
Pippin .. 25 0-28 0 | —Jamaica.. ... 85 040 0
—Jonathan . 18 0-20 0 —Florida, finest... 35 0-42 6

—Dunn's Seedling 16 0-18 0 Lemons, Messina,

Tasmanian Pears 4 0-12 0 per box... 0-13 0
Tenn —Murcia ... 14 0-18 0
—Cox's range n
Pippin ... 7 18 0-25 0 Melons (Forced) 3 0- 8 0
—Jonathan 7.14 0-18 0 | Oranges, Jaffa ... 16 0-18 0
—Ribston Pippin 16 0-17 6 | —Spanish— —
—(leo .. ..160-186 | —300s ... ... 20 0-80 0
—Others |. ... 16 ዑ-17 0 | —360's .. 18 0-80 0
Bananas ... ... 16 0-87 6 | ፦-5048 .. ... 18 0-25 0
Cherries, French, . English Peaches,
per box... . 20-261 per doz. ... 12 0-30 0
per crate 10 0-110 rs. South
Figs (Forced) doz. 3 0-12 0 d IRR
Gooseberries, —Kelffer ... 30-36
— 06-09 | Josephine . 50-58
S —Nelis .. .. 38 0-5
— Belgian ... 206-30 Cor CAO du :
—English— Comice .... 60-80
—Hambro, per lb. 2 6- 50 — ee 4
—Muscat.... ... 10 0-12 6 | Pines . 46-50
—South African— Strawberries, per
—Colmar ... ... 10 0-12 0 lb. T .. 4680
Vegetables: Average Wholesale prices.
8. d. s. d. 5. d. 8. d.
Asparagus— Onions, Valencia,
—Kversham 30-50 er cage ... 14 0-16 0
— Special ... . 60-180 | —Egyptian, per
—Devon . 10 0-12 0 bag ... .. 110 120
B G — —English, per cwt. 12 6-14 0
Der tb: uernsey, -3በ | —Spring per doz. ፦ 30
—Worthing ... 13-20 | Parsnips, per cwt. 3 0- 10
—Madeira, per | Peas, English per
box .... .. 40-50 | Ib ..... ... 20-30
Beets, per ewt.... 50-80 : —French, per 25
" > > 7 6100 cane * e. 2 0-
Cabbage, pertally 7 6-10 | Bo eed
Canary Island ne
— per lb. .. ... 19-19
Tomatos . 25 0-35 0 | potatos, "Canary
Cauliflowers, per Island ... ... 10 0-14 0
doz. m . 2030 roe. per ur en
f 8. new, pe —Dunbar ...
Carrots, new, Per 10-80 | —King Edward 200 0-240 0
—Others 90 0-160 0
Cucumbers, per —New Guernsey Ib. 0 4- 0 6
doz. — .. 60-66 —Jersev "0 405
—Flats, 30's, 42» 180-22 0 | Senv © 7 04:05
Dutch Onions ... 11 0-12 0 | — Spanish, ` —
Greens, best, per per cwt. ' 36 0-38 0
bag jv e. £050 | Radishes— TT
Horseradish, per —Round 10-20
bundle .. 1... 20-261 Rhubarb, perdoz. ; ሀ- 9 0
Leeks, per doz, p : oe
bundle .. .. 20-26 | Spinach, per bushel 3 0- 4 0
Lettuce per doz. — — | Tomatos, English,
—Cos ... 8 0-00 er lb.— .
—Dutch, per —Pink — 14 0-15 0
crate -— ; 8 0-10 0 —Blue ws 12 0-13 0
Mushrooms, cups 20-26 | —White ... ... 12 0-130
—pbroilers ... 10-16 | --Pink White ... 14 0-15 0
Marrows, doz... 10 0-15 0 | —Guernsey . M 0-15 0
Mint, Forced, per Turnips, new, per
doz. * .. 20-60: doz. bun. 8 0-10 0

REMARKS :—Trade conditions have been fairly good
throughout the week. AN choice fruits and vegetables
have been in good demand, mainly owing to usual require-
ments of the London season. Australian and New Zealand
Apples are in good request, and their values remain firm.
Pears from Tasmania and South Africa have sold slightly
better. Grapes from the Cape are going out satisfactorily.
English hothouse fruits, such as Grapes. Peaches, Figs
Melons, and Strawberries are selling well. The deman
for Oranges and Lemons shows some improvement. Goose-
berries are more plentiful and quoted slightly cheaper.
Forced. Beans, Peas, and Marrows have been in brisk
demand throughout the week. New Potatos from Jersey.
Guernsey, Scilly, and Cornwall are more plentiful, and
their values are inclined to be lower, Asparagus is arriving

CHRONICLE.

May 30, 1056.

in larger quantities but prices have hardened and a better
ton» exists in this section. Cucumbers and Tomatos are
a good business. Salads are’selling better and are ata good
price level. Green vegetables are plentiful and cheap.

- -———————. መው --+

GLASGOW.

Following the recent depression in the cut flower
market, prices during the past week showed a fairly
substantial recovery. The upward movement began
on Tuesday, and made steady progress until Friday,
when quotations reached the highest level of the
week. Tulips, which suffered the greatest loss, made
the largest gains, good blooms of Clara Butt.
Farncombe Sanders, and William Copland averaging

to 7d. for 6's, specials from 8d. to 1/-, and
ordinary from 2d. to 4d. Supplies of Narcissi were
limited to Pheasant Eye and Double White, the
former ranging from 2- to 3/-, and the latter from
5'- to U- r dozen. Carnations kept steady at
26 to +- all colours, while lrises made 1/9 to 23.
Roses reflected little change, Madame Abel Chatenay
ranging from 2,6 to 46, Richmond and Mr. BH.
Stevens 26 to 3/6, Madame Butterfly 3.- to 459,
and Ophelia 3/6 to 4/0. Short-stemmed Sweet Peas
sold at 6d. to 7d. per bunch, and superior blooms
brought up to 1/2, . Lilium longiflorum (Harrisii)
made 3- to 4, Gypsophila 6d., and Asparagus
from 9d. to 1/3, all per bunch.

Bedding-out plants are now
large quantities that salesmen
in their disposal, and prices in consequence were
cheap. — Marigolds, Antirrhinums, Canterbury Bells,
Stocks, Asters, Lobelia, and Violas were obtainable
at 1/- to 13 per box, containing 18 to 24 plants.
Sweet Peas 16. Gladioli 1/- to 1/9, Geraniums
(Paul Crampel) 46 to 6- per dozen pots, Marguerites
1- to 3- per dozen, Begonias (strong plants in
pots) 0'-. Ivy-leaf Pelargoniums 3’-, Chrysanthemums
(mixed) 3- per box of 2 dozen, named varieties 6.-;
and Coltness Gem Dahlias 4- to 5- per dozen.
Tomato plants were unsaleable.

A good business was reported in the fruit market

arriving ከበ such
experienced difficulty

at a general advance ín prices. Australian Apples
were dearer, Jonathan advancing 2/- to 3;- at 19-
to 22- per case, Cleopatra 23/- to 25-. and New
Zealand Delicious 25,- to 236-. There was a ከጄ
sale of Grape Fruit at 32 to 34-. Higher values
were also conceded for Oranges, Valencias ranging
from 20- to 28)-, and Murcias from 238- to 35-

Cape aud Australian Pears were steady round former
quotations. Scotch and English Strawberries made
3'6 to 6- per lb., Black Hamburgh Grapes, 3.6 to
46 per Ib., and Peaches 18- to 24- per dozen.

A feature of the vegetable market was the strong
demand for Potatos, Tomatos, Lettuces, and Cucumbers.
with a simultaneous advance in prices. Teneriffe

‘Potatos rose to 17:- per case, Dutch Lettuces 6'-
to 7/6 per crate of 24 dozen, Cucumbers 5- to &-
per dozen, ‘Teneriffe Tomatos 24- to 28.-, Scotch

English 1/4 to 1/7. and Guernsey
12 to 13. Scotch Lettuces were of poor quality,
and only made from 13 to 16 per dozen, while
small-hearted English Lettuces realised 2;-. Asparagus
fluctuated between 1/3 to 23. French Beans sold
at 1/6 to 1:0. Turnips as high as 1,6 per bunch,
and Carrots were also dearer at 10d. to 1(..

2- 10 23 per lb..

SCHEDULES RECEIVED.

CHELTENHAM SPA FLORAL FETE.—Exhibition to be held
in the Montpellier Gardens, on Wednesday and Thursday,
June 24, and 25.—Secretary, Mr. C. Cassidy, 58, High
Street, Cheltenhain.

ROUNDHAY (LEEDS) HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY.—Exhibi-
tion to be held in Roundhay Park, Leeds, on Tuesday
and Wednesday, July 14 and 15.—Secretary, Mr. Geo. E.
Horner, 67, Jackson Avenue, Roundhay, Leeds.

GARDENING APPOINTMENTS.

Mr. F. EK. C. Blackman, for the past five years
Gardener to Mrs. A. S. Hay, Sacombe Park, Ware,
as Gardener to H. O'HAGAN, Esq. . Riverhome,
Hampton Court, Middlesex. (Thanks for 58. for
R.G.O.F. Box.—EDs.)

Mr. G. T. Watson, previously Manager to the AMATEUR
GARDENERS’ SOCIETY, LTD., Warley, Essex, as Gardener
to PHILIP LYLE, Esq., Wancote, Compton, Gulldford.
(Thanks for 2s. 6d. for R.G.O.F. Box.—ED3,)

Mr. R. C. for nearly two years Gardener
to Captain V. BIRCH-REYNARDSON, Rushington
Manor, Totton, as Gardener to Sm CHARLES
BARRINGTON, Bt., Fairthorne Manor, Botley
Hampshire. ,

CATALOGUES RECEIVED,
F. FINNEY AND Co., LTD., 18, Grainger Street, Newcastle-

on-Tyne.—Seeds.

G. BECKWITH AND
(Wholesale).

JAMES MACDONALD, Harpenden, Herts.—Lawns. ——

GEO. MONRO, LTD., 4, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,
W.C.—Sundries (Wholesale).

D. G. PURDIE, 6, Waterloo Street,
bedding plants, sundries.

HURST AND SON, 152, Houndsdith, E. 1.— Perennial and
biennial flower seeda (Wholesale).

Sox, Hoddesdon, Herts. — Roses

Glasgow. — Summer

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ANAME AND: BEATER.

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6. INGHAM STREET, SOUTH OTH SHIELDS.

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| POPULAR DICTIONARY OF! — —

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mse of Gardeners and all Lovers of the | fox CARDIFF.

— Carter | Lane,

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— — — — t — s -
ኑ SAPAA “መ a ሙም- 8 ቋው ቁፄ AE A NEE ጫመ. ኣፍ

late ALEX. DEAN, VM.

—
ኔ y) 7

— — — — — + —— ——

eo MM — — — — i Ro IA — —
ማመ መመ, — — — — — — መዘም =

‘sna a oa UA iin inui —

THE

GARDENERS

SITUATIONS VACANT

Twenty words (or three Lines including headline).

4s., and 18. for every suceceding eight words (or
line or portion thereof). Es for having re plies

addressed to this ofice, 18.

Advertisers desiring their Advertisements
must giw: full particulars,

be taken / their

repeated
otherwise no notice ctn
communications. Name and address atone

are insufficient,

Gardeners writing to Advertisers of Vacant

Situations are recommended to send them
copies of testimonials only, retaining the
originals, To part with original documents
means fo run a great risk of their being

anislaid.

When addressing Box numbers, il is essential
to give the initials or pseudonym, «s well as

the correct number of the box.

MUNICIPAL AND PUBLIC.

UNIVERSITY OF
|. ከሆ: W Ae

for the University
approximately 45 acres,
fields: preference
£4. 10:5. per
by three

BIRMINGHAM.
GARDENER required

Grounds at Bdgbaston tarea
including over 20 acres playing
given to Kew trained man: Wages
week. Applications, accompanicd
testimonials, should ከሁ sent on or before

June sth to the undersigned, from whom further
partieulars may be obtained.
€. G. BURTON,
Secretary.
|
GARDENER wante at

| AT

London County Mental Hospital,
Surrey ; age not over 40; wages 24s. 9d.. rising to
283, 91. a week: in addition (at present) temporary
addition to wages making total commencing remuneration
44s. 6d. በ week. Pensionable.

Preterence to candidates who have served or attempted
to serve with H.M. Forees, — Apply, in writing, to
MEDICAL SUPERINTENDENT at Hospital. Canvassing
disqualifies.

Banstead, Sutton,

PRIVATE.

ce HEAD WORKING GAR-
| DENE with sound experienc of fruit
and poultry, — referenees essential : 390900. wages,
and = commission.—Write to 3. G. W ATSON, Elmslea,
Cranleigh, Surrey.

EAD WORKING GARDENER required.

with good experience and references, must
understand electric light; four hands kept. cottage
tiven. — MRS. RUDYARD KIPLING, Bateman's

Burw ash, Sussex,

W: ANTED. experienc ed HE AD WORKING
GARDENER, Inside and Out ; cottage provided :

two under: mowing done: state age, wage, ete. — Apply
T. (8., Box 35, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, WoC, 2

ANTED,

GARDENER, HEAD WORK.

ING, married, no family. under 40, shrubs
and trees principally: motor mower, willing to drive
and attend to car, no glass no vegetables, wite
to do about three hours in house daily. keenness
essential; excellent cottage with bath: joint. wages
05 -—Apply, F. Ss, s, Wimpole street, Wl

Moo DA GARDENER. of xix or

i; . seven ; observant, energetic. capable, or FORE-
MAN with view to. sume, wanted: state age, ete.:
Wages 30- With prospects, good cottage. milk. veu

garden ; good references, Inside and Ont:
of first-class fruit, flowers, vegetables ;
ነ ጋያ. PURDY. Hooktleld Park,

producer
surplus marketed. ---
Epsom.

“MASTER,

I EAD WORKING GARDENER required,

thorough Knowledge of both in and outdoor work,
Vines, ete, 3 kept, good manager, cottage.— Please apply
stating full particulars to CAPTAIN SYMONS-JEUNE,
Runnymede House, Old. Windsor.

14464 ሠ ta practical FRUIT GROWER
Wanted to take charge tot large Orchard in
Cambridgeshire: must Hr a good organiser and thoroughly

experienced 18 all tree culture: cottage found.—State

fuliest partientars ot ው rience, in confidence. and wages
required, to ('. Ba Box 231, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent

Garden, W.C?

NARDENER, to take linge of 4.acre
(3 garden and instruct boys; £3 per week plus
board and residence for supervision. duty.—H EAD-
Barnes Home Sehool, Heaton Mersey,
near Mane hester.

V ANTED. € ARDENE R. for 3 acres,
Jabourer’s help given, applicant must have. had
sound training and experience in handling shrubs,

herbaceous plants and vegetables and be willing to clean
boots. Good waves will be paid to a man proving
himself conscientious, willing and interested: highest
references essential: accommodation available for married
man without ftamily.—Reply stating age, experience,
wages to start. and cnelosing copies of references to

COOTE, New Wood, Rabley Heath, Welwyn, Herts.

W ANTED, SINGLE-HANDED. experienced

GARDE NE R. flowers, vegetables, small green-
able to wash car; wages 23 -, no cottage.—
DEW, Inclecroft, Ashford, Middlesex.

\ T ÁNTED. experienced SINGLE-HANDED
Y GARDENER: help given, no glass; if married,
wife willing be useful, no children: good house, coal.
vegetables. — Mrs. MAYNARD, Hoon Ridge, Hilton,
Derby.

W' NVED. SECOND of five.
Out, must ከቦ experienced,
to suitable man, duty every
—Apply, with references, 10
Gartens, Chislehurst, Kent.

house,

Inside and
attractive wages
third week, no cottage.
BRADLEY, Beecheroft

Wo ANTED, SECOND GARDENER, Inside
and Ont. principally In.—Apply. CROPPER,

Mount. Ballan, Chepstow,

W ANTED. SECOND.
Pleasure Grounds and

perienecd in shrubs and alpines,
commencing salary, £2 week, no bothy at present.—Apply
with copies of references, to የ. T. WATSON, The
Gardens, Waneots, Compton, Guildford,

ET ARDENE R. for
Rock Garden, one ex-
also decorating: single:

N ARDEN 'ER. SE ( 'OND at fale. exp: Piene Gil:

Jnside and Out: Keen on his work: state wages
required, whether married or single; cottage available
end of August.—Apply E. R. TUCK, Stepleton Gardens,
Blandford.

V ANTE D immediately.
PENER of

p — ies

SECOND GAR-

four, good all-round man. active
and obliging, age 33-40, country, 7 miles from
Henley - on - Thames, wife wiling attend — visiting
ehautbeur's rooms: no accommodation for ehildren.—
Apply, with full. particulars. wages, including duty,
ete, to HEAD GARDENER, Huntercombe Place,

Henley-on-Thames.

ANTED immediately, SECOND GAR-

DENER or JOURNEYMAN with experience,

chiefly greenhouses; over 22 years, single; bothy.—Apply,

stating age, wages. and full particulars, Capt. G. N
CHARRINGTON, Field Place, Horsham, Sussex.

Y ANTED. young man as UNDER

GARDENER. able to nse scythe occasionally.
30 - weekly. live with Gardener.—WIGHTMAN, Tower
Gardens, Winehelsea, Sussex.

V ANTED. UNDER GARDENER with

good experience Inside and Out.—state age,
testimonials, to
Gardens, Biggleswade

wages, With bothy, and
E. WOODMAN,
Beds.

copies of
broom Hall

V ANTED. YOUNG MAN. well experi-
enced in Orchids, for sole chargo of six houses
food opening for one keenly

Wares 38 4, with monthly duty,
bothy and usual allowanees.— HH.

Welwyn, Herts.
W: ANTED, FOREMAN for Pleasure
Gardens; must be good at house decoration:

house provided,—AM particulars to ALGATE, Mount
Edgecumbe, Plymouth,

W` ANTED. FOREMAN. Inside. Will any
Gardener thoroughly recommend good. reliable
mau: fruits, plants, house decoration: £2 Is., bothy,
ete --HALL, Bostock Gardens, Middlewich, C heshire: |

interested ; commencing
averaged 41 4 weekly,
LLOYD, Tewin Water,

YARDENER. experienced, hard worker.

Wanted, July 1; £2; no children another

kept: for. Derbyshire —G@. WL Ba Box 26, 5, Tavistock
Street, Covent Garden, Wie .

CHRONICLE.

May 30, 1925.

— —

\ TANTED.: GARDENER for flowers. lawns.
some glass, state experience, family, wages, also

if taken prizes at shows, cottage provided, state age and

particulars. -AINSLIE, The Chase, Churt. Surrey.

ANTED, YOUNG MAN. married. for

glass. good knowledge or fruit and plant growing,
including Carnations. State nie, wages, and particulars
of experience -LAWRENCE, The Gardens, Farringdon
House, Exeter,

V 7 ANTED,., experienced LEAD, single. for

Pleasure Grounds chiefly ; also JOURNEYMAN
for fruit and plant houses; wages 36,- and 32-, bothy
and attendance, ete.. duty paid.— Age and particulars of
Rd uum to J. MeWHAN, Osberton Gardens, Worksop,
Notts

W: ANT ED. active Y OUNG MAN -ር፣
Pleasure Grounds, Rock «Garden, ete.: bothy.
single; apply with copies of references; state age and

wage.—W. KING, Woodcote Grove House, Coulsdon,
Surrey.

WS ‘ED. YOUNG MAN,
Kitchen Garden and hardy fruit

single, for

„ trees; must
thoroughly understand the work; Sunday duty: wages
353- with bothy.—Apply THE AGENT, Thornhaugh
Estate, Wansford, Peterborough.

ነነ dite

JUNIOR v: UN DER- G ARDEN ER.
young married man, four in garden, pleasure and
kitchen gardens, lawns, no glass, wages 30 -, cottage, electric
light, garden.—LORD WRENBURY, Dallington, Sussex.

Woe experienced FIRST JOURNEY-
MAN, Inside: not under 25: must be well up
fruit, plants, Carnations; wages 37,6, bothy, 5- duty.
—GOODALL, Hornby Castle Gardens, Hornby, Lanes.

ME FIRST JOURNEY MAN, Inside,

for fruit department.
bothy and attendance.— D.
Norfolk.

V TANTED. JOURNEYMAN. for Inside.
age about 20, experienced. in the cultivation of
planis. Wages 32,- weekly, with bothy. attendance, ete. :
duty every 4th week: cricketer preferred. —Copies of
testimonials to W. H. HONESS, Walhampton Gardens,
Lymington, Hants.

ANTED. two JOURNEY MEN for

Kitchen Garden and Pleasure Grounds, good all-

round men: 35 -, bothy, duty inelusive.—Copies of refs..
ete, to FULLER, Craigweil Gardens, Aldwich, Bognor.

Wages ጓጾ - per week with
PATERSON, Holkham,

\ VW ANTEI D. three JOURNEYMEN for
Kitchen Garden and Pleasure Grounds: wages
35'- per week, bothy.—MONZER, Hiltield. Park Gardens,
Aldenham, Herts.

able to take
duty paid. — F.
Northants.

V TANTED, JOURNEYMAN,
charge: wages 3- bothy.
TAPPER, Westbury Manor, Brackley,

YARDENER-CHAUFFEUR- GROOM (as-
sisted by whole-time boy) required: only. first-
Class, conscientious, energetic man need apply: must
be really good gardener, running-repairs, wash and
drive cear occasionally ; 2 horses; able ride and

drive; fowls. clectric-light plant; aged about 28;
40'-, good cottage, with garden; good — references

essential; North Midlands.—B. 4., Box 33, 3, Tavis-

tock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2
ANTED. YOUTH. aze 18 to 19, for

Roses, fruit, outside, under foreman,
bothy, vegetables, attendance, 4- extra
H. NAYLOR, The Pleasaunce Gardens,
Cromer.

Wages 25 -,
for dutv.--
Overstrand,

TRADE.

MRST-CLASS
STRUCTOR for

ROCK GARDEN

permanent position with pro-
gressive firm. A man who has constructed. or has
reason to believe himself eapable of constructing.
successful exhibits in competition will have special
consideration.—Age. full experience, and. terms fo
C B. W., Box 39, 5, "DUavistock. street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2,

\ ANTED, WORKING ROSE AND

FRUIT FOREMAN, used to growing quantities.
energetic YOUNG MAN, good budder and
grafter, capable of taking charge under supervision.—
Apply, giving age, wages expected, and testimonials.
stating where experience was gained.—S.. McGREDY &
SON, uia Nurseries, Portadown

CON-

or smart,

ANTED, compotent KNIFESMAN with

general knowledge of fruit trees, Rosee, shrubs.

forest trees, ete —Apply, with copies testimonials and

wages wanted with free house and firing, to MANAGER,
Lissadell, Sligo.

May 30, 1925.

OSE BUDDERS wanted, good wages,
permanent.—Apply. with copy of references, to
W. EASLEA & SONS, Hose Specialists, Eastwood,

Leigh-on-Sea.

ANTED for budding season (June, July

and Augus two experienced ROSE BUDDERS,

temporary position only offered. but every possibility

for a permanency to the right men. —Apply to R.
MURRELL, Rose Acre, Shepperton-on-Thames.

M 7 ANTED, energetie YOUNG MAN for
roses, used to budding and grafting: also one

or two YOUNG MEN for Carnations. Chrysanths., ete.—

Apply BLACKBU RN '=, Florists, H udderstield.

Y ANTED. M. ARRIED M AN.

general provided.

experienced in bulb forcing,
nursery work; cottase and garden

State references and wages required.—FRANK H.

C COOK E, Spalding.

STN,
ERBACEOUS and ALPINES. — Smart
MAN (unmarricd). with good knowledge of
propagation, lifting, despateching, cte., wanted by Scotch
firm; wages 60-.—Apply. with refs. ete, 8. T.
Hox 34, « 9. T Tavistock Street, Covent

small family.
Chrys, and

Garden, W.C. 2

for

WANTED. n JU NIOR ASSISTANT
the herbaceous and alpine department: also
general nursery
required. —MACK

a PROPAGATOR with krowledge of
stock: state experience and wie
& MILN. Catterick, Yorks.

Wee CUCUMBER HANDS nt once,
good wages to suitable men.—H. WHATELEY,
Kenilworth.

Y ARDENERS, e eperionced. wanted for

ጃቫ Jobbing and Landscape work.—Apply MANAGER
The Horticultural Supply, Temple Fortune, Golders
ireen, N.W. 11

AVR experienced YOUNG MAN 0r

IMPROVER for Cues. and Toms., under charge
hand : regular job to suitable man: write stating age,
experience, and wages expected.—W. H. RAND & SON,
Rayleigh, Essex.

V ANTED, LADY GARDENER.

enced in the propagation and development
of general nursery stock. for North of England;
Ep a of experience and wages required.—C. M. M..

experi-

x 41, 5, Tavistock street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2
ANTED. ASSISTANT in the dispatch

" of bulb orders and bulb harvesting.—Apply, with
articulars, stating age, copy of referenees, and wages
to J. W. BARR, Daffodil Nurseries, Three
Wimborne.

full
required,
Legged Cross,

We voung,
LER for landscape

able to ride motor eyele: remuneration largely on
commission basis; must be man of good education
and address: excellent prospects for one able to
produce results: preference given. to one with know-
ledge of Lancashire, Cheshire and Fylde districts,—
S. BROADHEAD & SON, LTD., Wooldale Nurseries,
Huddersfield.

SITUATIONS WANTED

experienced TRAVEL-
work; age about 30, and

Thongsbridge,

Twenty words 28., and Gd. for every succeeding

eight words ar portion thercof. (Advertisements at
this special rate are only accepted direct. from
gardeners and nursery employees.)

Fee for having

replies addressed to this cffice, 18.
PRIVATE.
NAR DENER. HEAD. seeks dination life

experience in Noblemen’s Gardens, Inside and Out,

married, one girl ten wears, awe 47, good references,
disengaged.—FROST, High Street, Abbots Langley,
Watford.

YARDENER, HEAD, seeks re-engagement;

life experience in noblemen's gardens, Inside

and out, 6 years Head. accustomed to marketing

surplus produce : married, age 38, excellent references.

ከ... ን UN, Bourton House Gardens, Shrivenham,
rks

ARDENER,

HEAD, seeks re-envagement

where large quantities of first-class produre are
required, Inside and Ont, general management, highly
recommended, age 40, please state wages with cottage.
South preferred. — ላ. GARDENER, 600, St. Peters
Grove, Canterbury.

THE

“GARDENER

GARDENERS

D A. STRAUSS, ESQ., J.P. can highly
de recommend G WEBB as HEAD GARDENER, |
eleven vears as General Foreman, experienced, Inside

and Out, especially in marketing fruit and vegetables,

growing here 20 acres of Strawberries, 24 acres Early
Potatoes, 10 acres mixed fruit. 80 acres devoted to
market, good organiser.—Write WEBB, Kingston House
Gardens, Abingdon, Berks.
W: ANTED. situntion as HEAD GAR-
DENER, or run gentleman's estate On COM-
mercial dines, life experience al branehes sood
reis, house essential; married, two sons working;
nye 43. —A. Hj, Box 40, 5, ‘Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.
ARDENER. HEAD or SINGLE-HANDED.,

experience, married,
references. HAW ARES,
The Croft, Wookey Hole, Somerset.

!ARDENER, HEAD Or GENERAL
A FOREMAN, life experience, 15 years present. place
as Leading Hand, leaving through reduction: age 36;
married, no — m. — H. BARTON, Cedar Lawn,
Hampstead, N.W.

Y with help: good all-round
family three, vounyvest 11: good
Wells,

] | EA WORKING GARDENER, or

ae R-BAILIFF : thorough practical ex-
perience, highly recommended, middle age, Scotch,
married —COLVILLE, Drumnasole, Carnlough, — co.

Antrim.
i HEAD GARDENER.

Park, Habrough. Lincolnshire. recommends
tionally good man as HEAD WORKING
practical in every. detail: married

EAD WORKING GARDENER where

. one or two are kept, thoroughly experienced
Inside and Out. age 236, married, no family: good
reference.—J. SHEPHERD, Northfleld Road, Headinz-
ton, near Oxford.

'YHE Duke and Duchess of Northumberland's

Head Gardener, at Alburv Park. Guildford. wishes
to highly recommend W. WALLIS as HEAD WORKING
where six or seven are kept: he is a

Brocklesby
exeep-
GARDENER,

thoroughly reliable man with a good practical grip of his
PRES n and a good manager of labour: 2$ years
nside Foreman at Albury: married. when suited > can

give interview af anv time:

fullest nurus solit ite 2

YARDENER, HEAD WORKING, life ex-
perience in all branches, Carnations, Perpetual
and Malmaison.—COOPER, Sandy Park, Chagford,

Devon.
ARDENER. HE AD WORKING,

(1 Y expe-

rienced all branches, married. no family, wife
it to help in house occasionally, or look after
poultry, highly recommended.—CAR'T ER, 19, West Hill,
Epsom, Surrey.

W ARDENER, HEAD WORKING ;
t class experience in up-to-date growing, fruits,
flowers, and vegetables ; thoroughly competent highly
recommended from past employers; — BOLTON, Ystrad,
Carmarthen Town.
ኝ ARDE NE R. HEAD WORKING, 20

years all-round experience. in good establishments,
present place 5 years, head of fye: well reconimended ;
married, 2 children.— FRIEND, Grange Farin, Chartridye,
Chesham, Bucks.
— HEAD WORKING,

life experience, fruit, flowers.

forcing, excellent testimoanials.—JAMES
Glynhir Road, Pontardulais, Swansea.

] [o WORKING, or would take Kitchen

Garden and Glass with house on lease: life experi-
age 38: disengaged.—s. F. W., Box BSA, 5,
Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

YARDENER. HEAD WORKING. or good

8 first-

married,
vegetables, lawns,
GOUGH, 45,

ence :
Tavistock

ጃ SECOND, keen and energetic, lite experience

Inside and Out; 53 years Jast ^ Head: age os,

married, no children. — TANTRUM, Hyde . Mouse,

Wareham, Dorset.

YARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED, © seeks
change: married. 1 child, sebeol. eottaue.—

W. M. Box 30, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,

W.C. 2.

là YEARS. all-round G ARDEN EH. Wes-
e) ton Favell Estate of James Manfield, Esq.. seeks

situation, SINGLE-HANDED or otherwise,
on account estate closure, aged 42, married,
W. YORK. 12, Wesfon House ( 'ottages,

G ARDENEH. SINGLE

leaving solely
one child.—
Northampton,

-HANDE D. or with

help, 18 years’ experience, Inside and Out, able to
drive car, married, 2 children, exeellent referenees,—
P. PLOWRIGHT, Hallaton, Market Harborough,

Leicestershire.

ARDENER, SINGLE - HANDED or

J SECOND; good references, leaving through death:

caretaker: with cottage —WOOD, Gays House, Holly-
port, Maidenhead.

CHRONICLE

|

i TRONG.
S work in

N R. LATIMER. Head Gardener at Herriard
Park, can with confidence recommend F.
FORWARD as SECOND GARDENER, where three or
four are kept: 7 wears [nside and Out.—Apply
FORWARD, Brockwood Lodge, Alrestord, Hants.

YARDENER, SECOND. of three or four,
Y life experience, Inside and Out, well recommended,
age 40, married, one bow age 3 vears.—CORMELL,

Lower Gardens, Mount Edgeumbe, Plymouth.

situation

ነ... MAN, ave 24, seeks a |
as UNDER-GARDENER. Tnside or Out: five

vears’

The

experience :
Lee. Great

wood references.— Apply

R. WYATT,
Missenden, Bucks.

porte AN. Inside.

gained 18. first-class

age 341. life experience
establishments, including
Ottershaw Park, Moor Park. and Buryhill, Dorking,
past 2 vears entire charre of large range of glass:
excellent references, married.— T. BULLIMORE, The
Gardens, Brookwood Park. Alresford, Hants,

DVERTISER. age 29.
P more Outside knowledge,
and Out: 114 vears Inside.
' T. TAYLOR, 12, Finchley
N. 12.

to obtain
seeks situation Inside
some Ontside knowledge.—H.
Park, N. Finchley, Tandon,

wishes

“TARDENER seeks situation, good practical
X around man. Tnside and Out. free anv time,
married, no family.—A. SMITH, Westeote, Kingham,

Oxon.

V R. W. JONES. Rougbaım Hall
ኔቼ Bury St. Edmpmund’s. Suffolk.
SMITH as INSIDE JOURNEYMAN
ment, age 22, 8 years’ good
preferred.

Gardens,
recommends W.
in good establish-
experience; bothy

r wo. JOURNEYMEN. age 21 and 26,

experienced. good references, seek situations
kitehen garden or pleasure grounds: bothy preferred.—
ae Box 32, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,
wW. * > | d

OURNEYMAN seeks situation. Inside and
, Ont. age ?4: well recommended: ከ0!ከኛ preferred.—
F. URRY. Phvylliswood. LE Chichester.

ፓበር RN EY MAN. age
situation. Inside or Inside and Out:
refs. — W. RUMSEY, Feckenham, near

Worcestershire,
M H. W. LAMBERT,
1 ከ[ሀከ] ፍ- recommends F.
JOURNEY MAN.
experience" age
Gardens, Malvern

2]. seeks
bothy: good:
Redditch,

1 መክ

Madresfield Court,
GITTINGS as SECOND
Inside or Inside and Out: 5 years’
ከር bothy. -- Address Madresfleid
nk.

ME; J. W. EUSTON.

Gardens, Twyford, Berks.. seeks situation, Inside.
for his son. age 20, ጋ vcars? experience, Inside and Out.—
Apply as above. i

Stanluke Park

—

ARDENER. HANDYMAN, experienced,

secks situation: Single-handed or otherwise :

married, age 8; exeellent refs; —24ARDENER, 48,
Hanover Street, Peckham, S.E.

—

active. YOUTH. 17 years, requires

garden in country: inexperienced, but

anxious to learn : bothy preferred.—M. B. 23,
Gaynesford. Road, Forest Hill, S.E. 23.

V ANTED abrod: America, Africa, በዮ

Colonies: age 44, with 28 wears? experience jin

making and designing vood gardens, working to plans;
also good all-round experience of glass and propagation,
lnside and Out: or Overseers post. ou plantation. fruit
farm, ete.: used to handling labour. ASSISTANT, age,
24. Outside experience jn gardening. also in motor
cultivators, ete.: both free end July.—H. F. G., Box 37,
+, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2

pons “MAAN and G ROW E H. London: Pro-

vincial experience with market and shop produce,
pot, soft-wooded, decorative plants. cut bloom, fruit,
general routine, all branches; good = referenees.—Ivy
Cottage, Leighs. Chelmsford.

ROWER of General, Soft Woody Stuff,
Raiser and Grower Ferns, Cucumbers. Tomatoes.
Chrysanthemums, and outside work: age 48; single.—

G. SELLEN, 3, Lloyds Strect, Sittingbourne, Kent

V TANTED. work ns. LABOURER jn
Market Garden. or Nursery. —RICHARDSON,

22, Stafford Road, Croydon.

81% oe ER GARDENERS. CHRONICLE: ተ May 36, 1925

AND HEATING | ENGINEERS. TO
HIS. MAJESTY THE. KING.

x ALSO. ELECTRICAL. ENGINEERS. AND. IRONFOUNDERS.-

as BAN 1 "e nA

eie es 2
NC - Hothouse Contracts in sensoned. Teakwood ; ‘ont stock of Teak:
2 "wood in quite up ta pre-Wer | standard, and pricks. are very ‘moderate,
3 “Our stock. of selected ‘seasoned Redwood i is the beat in the country y b at
-for the beat. class ot Hothonaes we recommend Teakwood, Representa-

ገ OTHOUSES — are zat present o à 905

te — 7 —— ree tives will be sent to Any part. of the. country to take particulare sd
* | ee estimates. Please send. 88 your enquiries. |

LoNDON-s, Cuniden. Road, N.W. - GLASGOW-—12 1, St Vincent St.

“EDIN BURGH ‘(Registered 08 በፅ 1 Wo —Balcarres. Street.
| ሸቭ መ «t GLASSHOUSE, NORWEST.- LONDON" ‘and. “ HOTHOUSE, ‘EDINBURGH. NEUE

. 110, LOUGHBOROUGH,

H 1፡09] Builders aud. ‘Heating Engineers. —
LONDON OFFICE: 122, VICTORIA STREET. WESTMINSTER, LA ...|

E | Experience extending over more than - `A perféct amd
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j F ` imperishable.
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፦. ሙሙ ——

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& PONDA

ii.

SALES BY AUCTION.

WEDNESDAY NEXT, JUNE 10th.
AT THREE O'CLOCK.
A direct Consignment of
PALM SEEDS, —
Consisting of
Xx) CASES KENTIA FORSTERLANA,
103 KENTIA BELMOREANA,
Lord Howe Island.

CASES
from

Reliable information indicates that'

THIS SEASON'S CROP 15 THE SMALLEST ON
RECORD. "A
together with
BAYS, PALMS, ARAUCARIAS,
for decorative and exhibition purposes.
ASPIDISTRAS, BOX TREES, and other

Plants from Belgium.
ነ... PROTHEROE & MORRIS,
will sell the above at their SALE ROOMS,

07 & 08, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, h.C. 2.
Samples of Seeds and Catalogues post free on
application.

IMPORTED AND ESTABLISHED ORCHIDS.

Including a small consignment of BURMESE VANDAS
and DENDROBES, just received, in good condition,
including VANDAS COERULEA and DENNISONIANA,
AERIDES of sorts, DENDROBIUMS DALHOUSIANUM.
PARISHII and others: Collected in the Southern Shan
States. Also from other sources, a fine assortment of
Established Orchids of the most popular varietics.

MPSSBS PROTHEROE & MORRIS,
will sell the above by Auction at their
CENTRAL SALE ROOMS,

67 & 68, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.C. 2,

On Friday, June 12, at 1 o'clock.

Catalogues post free on application.

ESSRS. PROTHEROE & MORRIS,
Horticultural Auctioneers and Valuers, 67 & 68,
Cheapside, London, E.C. 2 (established over 90 years)
have the following Properties for disposal and will be
pleased to send fuller particulars on application :—

CORNWALL (5869).—Nursery comprising 2 acres Market
Garden Land, 7 Greenhouses, two superior dwelling-
houses, pumping engine. Rent £4 per annum. Lease
46 years, Price £1,100. |

ESSEX (5813).—Smalt Fruit Farm of 1ኔ acres, modern
bungalow, extensive outbuildings, Strawberries, Rasp-
berries, Currants, ete. Price Freehold £7

720 inclusive.
NORFOLK (5811).—Newly erected Cottage
and’ four substantially built) glasshouses.
an aere. Price freehold £2,000.

HANTS (5814).—To let, Fruit and Poultry Farm, 37
acres, cottage, outbuildings, incubator, office, stabling,
plggeries, ete. Rent £350 per annum. i

HANTS (5808).—Freehold Nursery, 5 minutes Station and
comprising 34 acres. Seven Greenhouses heated and
two travelling houses. Brick-built dwelling house,
garage, cart shed, potting shed and office. Price £1,500,

HANTS (5803).—Freehold Nursery of 48 acres; 10) green-
houses, Excellent. dwelling house and trade buildings.
Small orchard. Priee, including stock, £2,000.

Residence
Area over

ESSEX (5804).—Near Southend. Small Freehold Nursery

of 3 acres. New brick Bungalow. A 100 ft. heated
greenhouse. Priec £1,250.

KENT (5816). — Old-extablished Nursery business. At-
tractive Residence, 2 greenhouses and outbuildings.

Opportunity for landscape gardener.
Lease 47 years. Price £1.200.

Adjoining station.
Rent £20 per annum.

THE

'ARDENERS

BUSINESSES FOR SALE.

NURSERY FOR SALE. ^

4 ACRES VALUABLE FREEHOLD.
Splendid Frontages. High-class Stock. Good Residence.
Influential Clientele.

. Eatablished by present owner's grandfather in 1842.

Proprietor having grown wealthy is to retire.
Price, including goodwill, £3,500.
Mortgage if required.
Apply—
ነሻ. ።፡፡ ፡.. .
| Estate Agents,
HENLEY-ON-THAMES.

SONS,

"E SOUND. old-established | Landscape Gar-
4 deners and Hardy Plant Nursery. in beautiful
district, North of England, successiully carried on for the

past 33 vears by present owner, now retiring. About 3
acres of grounds with extensive main road frontage very
attractively laid out with a large and valuable collection
of Shrubs. Alpines, ete. Fine scope for development. in
Seed and General Nursery. trade.— Further particulars
from AUBREY & CO.. Nurserymens’ Agents, %, Newgate
Street, London, U.C. 1.

PROPERTY FOR SALE.

By Order of the Executors of the late Anthony
Waterer, Esq.

HORSELL AND KNAP HILL,
Near Woking, Surrey.
ላ. BUCKLAND & SONS are

instructed to offer for sale by auction at
THE ALRION HOTEL, WOKING,

On Thursday, 9th July, 1925, at 4 p.m.,

The choice and important FREEHOLD ESTATE, in
area about 445 acres. 15 minutes by car from
Woking and Brookwood Station.

comprising THE NOTED KNAP HILL NURSERY,
one of the most extensive, as jt is one of the
oldest establishments in England in which the
cultivation of Rhododendrons. Azaleas, and other
American Plants, has been made a speciality, and
contains some of the finest plants fo be met with
in this country or in Europe. In area ABOUT
160 ACRES, together with the interesting old house,
called
= WHITFIELD COURT,

Stables, Farm Buildings and Grounds; also
Manager's House, Office, Packing Sheds, Stores,
and long ranges of glasshouses and pits.

The attractive, solidly-built Residence, * HOMEBUSH,”

with
the

with Cottage, Stabling, useful Outbuildings, and

surrounding arable and grass land, standing high.

. About 200 ACRES in extent, possessing valuable
| building frontages.

A charming country cottage residence, called “ THE
OAKS,” with outbuildings and garden of about ONE

ACRE. Let on agreement expiring 1927, at 27
per annum.

About 10 acres of Building Land in Chobham Parish—

a BUILDING ESTATE caled Whitflelds—ripe for

development, having an area. of 73 ACRES and

10 GOOD COTTAGES.

Particulars, Plan, and conditions of Sale may be
had of

Messrs, Martineau & Reid, Solicitors, 2, Raymond

Buildings, Grays Inn, W.C. 1.
Messrs. Buckland & Sons, Auctioneers, 4, Bloomsbury

Square, London; Windsor, and Slough.

CHRONICLE.

|
|
|
|
|
|

JUNE በ. 1923

TO FRUIT GROWERS AND MARKET
GARDENERS.
ANGLEY. Bucks. 23! acres. Excellent

4 Fertile land, long frontage to Public Highway, for
sale, or will be let on lease. Frontage to Langley. Road,

close to Slough.—Further particulurs from MESSRS.
BUCKLAND & SONS, Slough.
YOTTAGE GARDEN of Mansion. good

/ cottage. glass, and orchard. Possession Sept.. 1925,
x ከ 1926.—Apply GODFREY-PAYTON & SON,
arwick.

BUSINESS CARDS.

AMES BACKHOUSE, F.LS.,,
e for many years Chairman of the late firm of James
Backhouse and Son, Limited, having retired from York,
offers his services as GARDEN CONSULTANT; 30 years’

፻.15.11.8.,

experience, specially in connection with Alpine and
Herbaceous Plants: advice given for Rock Garden
construction and planting, also for anent flower

borders, boundary plantations, etc.—Address for terms to
Caer Fegla, Arthog, Nosth Wales.

ROTHEROE & MORRIS, Horticultural

Market Garden and Estate Auctioneers and
Valuers, 67 and 68, Cheapside, London, E.C., and at
Leytonstone, E. Monthly Horticultural Register had on
application.

#

NOTICES.

1... HORTICULTURAL BENEFIT
; AND PROVIDENT SOCIETY, State Section.
Notice is hereby given that a Special General Meeting
will be held in the Royal Horticultural Soclety's Hall,
Westminster. on Monday, June 8th, at 7.30 p.m. to
receive the report of the Societies’ second valuation, and
to vote on the Committee’s recommendation of allocating
the surplus amounting to £5,348. State section members
are requested to attend.

Signed ARTHUR C. HILL, Secretary.

R. S. PEGLER. F.R.P.S., Grove Street,

Retford, Notts., would pay for opportunity to
Photograph in Colours attractive subjects, within 30
miles radius.

EXHIBITIONS.

PETERBOROUGH

AGRICULTURAL SHOW

JULY 14th, 15th and 16th.

SPLENDID CLASSIFICATION FOR THE
HORTICULTURAL AND FLORAL SECTION.

Valuable Cash Prizes.
Society’s Gold and Silver Medals.
Every facility given to Exhibitors of Trade Displays
Horticultural Section 2nd and 3rd days of Show

Prize Lists from: ROBERT BIBBY, Secretary,
Agricultural Office, PETERBOROUGH.

re UU — nene NN

SUSSEX COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY

(Horticultural Section)

LEWES MEETING, JULY 15th and 16th,

19285.

Adjoining the Lewes Railway Station.

Spaces for Non-competitive Exhibits.
Particulars and Schedules from W,

Special Prizes for Market Fruit Growers.

GOARING, County Hall, LEWES,

Hon. Secretary of the Horticultural Section,

JUNE 6, 1925.

OXFORD FLORAL FESTIVAL
(Under the Auspices of the Oxford Chamber of Trade)
SOUTH PARK, HEADINGTON HILL,
Monday August 10th to Saturday August 15th.
THE ROYAL

OXFORDSHIRE HORTICULTURAL SHOW

will be held during this week.

Silver Challenge Cup, Gold, Silver and
Bronze Medals will be awarded.

TRADE EXHIBITS TUESDAY to SATURDAY.

Space particulars for these Exhibits from :
H. PARKER, 12, Hurst Street, Oxford.

Many other attractions including Motor Gymkhana, Fire-
works, Dancing, Military Bands and Pleasure Fair.

CHELTENHAM SPA

FLOWER SHOW
Wed. & Thurs., June 24th & 25th next.

Magnificent Exhibits by Leading Horticulturists.

Splendid Prizes for Amateurs, including :
£4 Cash and Silver Vase value 5 Guineas
for best Decorated Table.

Schedules d full particulars from :
THE SECRETARIES,
58, HIGH STREET, CHELTENHAM SPA.

PLANTS, ;&c. FOR SALE.

Small Classified Advertisements. Twenty words
for three lines including headline) 4g., and 1s.
for every succeeding eight words (or line or part
of a line). Fee for having replies addressed to
thie office, 18. Displayed advertisements, Ss.
per inch, or 108. facing editorial matter.

ERNS! CALADIUMS ! !—Begonias, Palms,
Crotons Dracaenas, Gloxinias, Hy eas,
Geraniums, Ericas, Lilies, Ferns and How to Grow
Them, by J. SMITH, 3/6 post nae: — SMITH,

London Fern London, 8.W.
10 0, 100.00! 9). 100, Eu FERNS,

la IAs idistras for dividing. Catalo
SMITH, Fer S.W 9.

Fernery, London, .
RAUCARIAS.—A few very fine planta to

offer. 5} ft. nen. not too apresa reading, ከ tubs, A
35/- each.—Apply ROBERT GRE uL LTD.,
Crawford Street, Baker Street, London,

London: ከ

LEARANCE, — —Gladiolus flower-
ing Bulbs, 25 sorts, 8/- 100; Lilium longifiorum
perm 50/- 100 ;
ancratum maritimum, 3
150-156, Finchley Road,

woe —MORLE & CO., LTD.,

EDDING Plante. — fine — —
Chrysanthemum Aste Bego
Pansies, Violas, and ail others + Ii list. free So MORLE à & co”
LTD., as above.

ARE PRIMULA AND ALPINE SEEDS
from large (1500) collection, sold cheap; list free.—
REV. F. J. ANDERSON, Glenn Hall, Leicester.

IMALAYAN, Chinese, and other Rhodo-
dendrons on their own roots. Shrubs Alpines;
and border Plants, Aquatics, Liles, etc. Write
Lists.—G. REUTHE, Keston, Kent.

EGONIAS.—Strong rooted cuttings, Gloire
de Lorraine, Rothschild, Turnford Hall (white),

3/- dozen, 11/. 50, 21/. per 100; The King, 4/-
dozen, 15/- 50, 28/- per 100. Carriage paid for
C.W.0.—MANAGER, Dorset Nurseries, Blandford.

THE GARDENERS’

‘Cyclamen’ Neapolitanum, 3/-,

MISCELLANEOUS.

CHRONICLE.

[RON AND WIRE FENCING for Gardens, '

Ornamental Iron
description. Catalogues G.C.
Tree Guards, Catalogue G.C.
Gates, Catalogue G.C. 163; Kennel Railing, ትን
0.0. 86; Poultry Fencing, Catalogue G.C. 70. Ask for
separate lists.—BOULTON & PAUL, LTD., Norwich.

and Wire
156 ;

^work of every

Iron

IRDS' BATHS, Sundials, Vases, Statuary,
Birds’ meeting Boxes, etc. ~Catalo e (No. D
free.—MOORTON, 00 , Buckingham Palace Road, 8.W.1

wa. PAVING.—Crazy and rectangu
York Garden Paving, ከ 8 ae

and other Rocks for ock Gar

Rubble for “Dry” Walls. Notte cbr. Marl. —
or small quantities carriage paid to ia ae

Station in England—HODSON & SONS, LTD.
Castlegate, Nottingham.

etc., Grit
Flat Stone

ORK STONE PAVING for dd
Paths and Lily Ponds; rectangular or broken for

rustic work; steps and wall coping; rockery.—GEO.
VINT & BROS. Stone Merchants, Idle, Bradford.
ELECTED GREY WESTMORELAND

ኢ Weathered and Waterwork Mountain Limestone
kery. The finest Rockery Stone: also York Stone

Garden Paving.—HERBERT BROOK, High Road,

Whetstone, N.20; and Lightcliffe, Yorkshire.

OCKERY (Westmoreland). — Waterworn
ረ for sale im 6-ton lots and upwards;
quan pt — For rices, etc., write JOHN

ARD EY SONS, Slack Head, Milnthorpe.

any

ORTHAMPTONSHIRE LOAM from
Ironstone Land, unequalled for fibre and colour;
sample 2-cwt. bags, 26, carriage forward; low rate for
truc loads. NORTHAMPTONSHIRE LOAM CO.
18, Horsemarket, Kettering.

REMITTANCES BY POST.

READERS and advertisers are urgently

advised NOT to send Treasury Notes
or uncrossed. postal orders by post, unless
in official registered envelopes. All postal

orders should be filled in with our full
name (Gardeners' Chfonicle

crossed “& Co."

Ltd.) and

EAT MOULD, for Rhododendrons and
Nursery Work, 5/- bag, 25/- ton, in truckloads
on rail.—WALKER, Pinewoods, Camberley.

N RAVEL
rg
on rail
Surrey.

(Surrey), binding without
for paths and roads, 12/6 per - ton
truck.—WALKER, Pinewoods, Camberley,

FARNHAM GRAVEL.

E can load the celebrated Farnham

Gravel in 6 or 8 ton trucks from our own Pits,

rine: 7/-, and Coarse, 7/6 per ton.—S. BIDE & SONS,
LT , Farnham, Surrey. -

OAL, Coke and Anthracite.—Trucks to
any station. House Coal from 12/6 per ton pit;
Welsh Anthracite,21/-pit; SemAnthracite (registered), 19/8;
Semi Anthracite, 18;-: Horticultural Coke, he
Works Coke, 17/-.—BUCKLE COLLIERY CO., 9 Haw
Cheltenham.

vn Aedes DISPOSAL for country houses,
factories, farms, etc.; no emptying of cesspools ; no
solids ; no open filter ከ608 : everything underground an
automatic ; a perfect fertiliser obtainable Te WILLIAM
BEATTI IE, 9, Lower Grosvenor Place, Westminster.
50 HOT WATER BOILERS up to

size made, all tested; 10,000 feet H.W. He.
large quantity fttings, heating apparatus fixed com-

lasshouses or materials for same; garden

lete,
lights ts free; established here 27 years.—C. A.
RISTIANSEN, Norwood Green, Southall, W.

Iron Fencing and
Wood

111.

ARDEN NETTING.—Best Selected Small
Mesh — se by 1 yard, 4j-, or 2 yards

8/-, or 4 carriage id. Tennis Nets
and Stan a o Tree. —ST AWBERRY NETTING

CO., 5, dards Terrace, Lowestoft.
» yards of nice boxwood for sale, 1/.

| ፻ yard, or whet offers ?—W. H. RICHMOND,
, Clifton Hall, orkingto

5 0 0 BUNDLES Chestnut Garden Stakes
5 5 to 10 feet. 1,000 Bundles Bean
Ro‘ds.—MARTER & SON, Coombe Road, Kingston-

| on-Thames.
lar |

NEW GARDEN NETTING

50 x 4 yards at 25/-, carr. paid
DIAMOND MESH.

Samples by post.
A. CRIPPS & SONS,
22-24, Pear Tree Road, DERBY.

ASPARAGUS PLUMOSUS
NANUS and A. SPRENGERI

Catalogue and full list of bulbs with prices, post free.

GENNARO IMPERATORE & FIGLI

Botanical Garden, Cupa Eterno Padre a S. Eframo
Vecchio 17, NAPLES, ITALY.

THE GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE

Horticultural Directory

The Horticultural Directory is not being
reprinted this year, but a limited number

of copies of the issue for 1924 are avail-
able at the reduced price of
2s. post free.

Applications should be addressed to:
GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, LTD.,
5, Tavistock St., Covent Garden, W.C.2

THE ENGLISH
ROCK GARDEN.

zig : £3 3s. Od.
. postage extra 1/3. |
O-ONE who owns a rock garden, ET. i
who loves Alpine plants, can afford to

be without this delightful work, which reflects
so faithfully the genius of its dead author,

the late Reginald Farrer. It is in two big
volumes, full of deeply interesting and extra-
ordinarily valuable information.

` Can be obtained from ።
GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, Ltd.
5, Tavistock Street, London, W.C. 2.

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BERKWANGITVD, HEM ችላ, .

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እ e and full. particulars fom the
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JOSEPH BENTLEY. LIMITED,
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Bole — vat Te Rady. x —

| የዘመ“ z e Selenific እጠ | |
E Orchid Seedling Raising: —

ARLESWORTH & CO. um. ። : |
| MAYWARDE HEATH. ‘SUSSEX. :

OOIE 0 ሀዉ C

June 6, 1925.

THE GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE.

387

THE

Gardeners Chronicle

NO —— JUNE 6, 1925.

CONTENTS.
Acanthosabal . 396 , Orchid notes and glean-
Alpine garden ^. 999 i 393

pgs— * ae
Oxford Floral Festival 389
Plants new or note-
worthy—
Holboellia coriacea ... 380
Rhododendron ledo-
ides... "
Rose Garden, the—

Rose Senator .. ... 992
Savoy, white-flowered 402
Societies—

Manchester and North

of England Orchid 402

Royal Horticultural 402

South: African Asso-

ciation of Nursery-

Annuals for conserva-
tory and greenhouse
decoration _... .. 392

Apple leaf scorch .. 401

Books, notices of—

The Horticultural
Exhibitor ... 400

Exochorda grandiflora

and Berberis steno-
phyla 402

5" Gardeners Chronicle”
seventy-five years ago 389

Hardy flower border—
Lamium Orvala alba 400

Indoor plants—

Achimenes ... 392 men and Seedsmen 403
——— show at Stephanotis seedlings ... 402
eemst E

Iris, a short history | of 5 Pea Mary Pick
the Bearded... 387 *
Iris garden— Tithe documents, in-
Regilio- Conus hy- ር spection of ... — ... 388
FUB gue ይር PR rees and Shrubs—
Italian horticulture, m selection of Ameri-

modern ... - ... 990 ከ Willows ... 397
Kew, exhibits of plants Bamboo à 398

of botanical and edu- Piptanthus nepalensis 399

L2 e k at. — Prunus serrulata Seki- *
e yama. sea ——
Mainz Rose show .. BS Stuartias- — "* 300

Manures, phosphatic ... 387
Nursery notes—
Knap Hil Nursery,
: . 400

Vegetable garden—
Bouquet Broccoli... 401
Ward's, Mr. F. Kingdon,

Obttuary ca eighth expedition in
Lév.que, Pierre-Louis 21 Asla ... 994
Pope, Arthur J. Week's work, the ... 990

Oliver. Prof. F. W. ... * Wisley, notes from ... 395

ILLUSTRATIONS.

Acoelorraphe, armed petiole of, 396; specimen of 387

Broccoli, the Bouquet... — a -— ET .. 401

Calypso borealis var. japonica 392

Holboellia coriacea 391

Meconopsis, a perennial arowilig wild in i wood 395

Meconopsis simplicifolia in its native habitat .. 394

Oliver, Prof. F. W., portrait of id .. 388

Pleione formosana ie S s E n .. 398

Rhododendron ledoides * ጆች s e .. 389

SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE.
Stuartia Malachodendron.

AVERAGE MEAN TEMPERATURE for the ensuing week
deducted from observations during the last fifty
years at Greenwich, 582°.

ACTUAL TEMPERATURE—
The Gardeners’ Chronicle Office, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, London, Wednesday, June 3,
10 a.m. Bar. 304, temp. 60°. Weather, Sunny.

THE results of several very
different investigations into
the importance of phosphates
on the fertility of plants make
it worth while hazarding the suggestion that
gardeners generally might, perhaps, improve
the yields of their crops by a more frequent
use of phosphatic manures. Of the investi-
gations in question, one seemingly far removed
from the domain of horticulture has, never-
theless, a great theoretical and practical
interest. Experiments carried out by Dr.
Atkins, of the Marine Laboratory, Plymouth,
appear to show that the amount of the
floating (plankton) life which is to be found
in a given volume of sea-water is determined
by the amount of phosphates which the water
contains. In the course of the year the
microscopic and mainly plant organisms
which make up the floating population of
the sea— on which ultimately all other marine
life depends for sustenance—extract from the

Phosphatic
Manures.

sea-water all the phosphates which it contains. |

If much, they reach their maximum numbers;
if little, the plankton organisms remain few
in number. But if storms by disturbing
the deeper waters of the sea bring more
phosphates to the surface there is a yet

further increase in the amount of living
organisms produced there. It is indeed an
ill-wind that blows nobody any good; and

if the winds which evoke the storms were-

responsible for an increase in the plankton
then any bad weuther from which we
may suffer ought, at all events, 10

serve to reduce the price of mackerel and.

other marine fish ! The second set of obser-
vations which have evoked the suggestion
already made—that phosphatic manure might

with advantage be somewhat more generally.

used—relates to phenomena noted in tho
course of trials with basic slag and Gafsa
(mineral) phosphates on poor pastures in
Wales. The experiments carried out by the
University College of North Wales in associa-
tion with certain Welsh county councils do
not, on the whole, confirm the opinion which
has often been expressed that a dressing of
basic slag or similar phosphatic manure is
‘almost certain to prove beneficial. In these
poor soils, at all events, the phosphate often
failed to produce an amelioration of the grass.
This, however, is beside the present question.
What bears upon it is the observation that,
contrary to the general opinion, phosphates
applied to the soils tend to disappear from
them in the course of a few vears. They
had not passed into the plant nor had
they washed out altogether from the soil.
Estimation of the phosphate-content of
successive layers of the soil showed that the
top dressings had gradually passed down
into the deeper layers of the soil—out of
range of root action. lf this indeed held
generally, then two conclusions of importance
to gardeners are to be drawn from it.
First, that apart from special applications of
phosphatic manures to certain crops— Potatos
and Peas, for example—which most gardeners
make, it would be well to give a general
light dressing of phosphates to soils apt to
be deficient in them, at intervals of a
few years. One very convenient way of
doing this is to add basic slag sparingly to
the manure and compost heaps as they are
being accumulated layer by la The other
conclusion is that the beneficial effects of
trenching may be attributable in no small
part to the recovery of manurial residues of
phosphates which have gradually washed
down into the deeper layers of the soil. Yet
one other suggestion may be ventured. When
quick-acting nitrogenous manures are used—
nitrate of soda and sulphate of ammonia,
for example—the effect is to promote leaf
and stem growth, but not to the same
extent to promote, but rather to check, root
growth. The advantage of the former, no
doubt, outweighs any disadvantage which
may be inherent in the latter ; but the facts
would indicate that the addition of a little
quick-acting nitrogenous manure to the
superphosphate might have very beneficial
results in the early stages of growth of all
or most plants. Curiously enough, this
practice is almost invariably followed by
Potato growers, who use often when plant-
ing, a dressing of sulphate of ammonia
and superphospate, together with a little
potash. The beneficial effects of this system
of manuring have been often and amply
demonstrated. The svstem might well be
extended, particularly in such a late year as
the present. The discovery of the sinking
down of. phosphates in sot! lends an added
cogencv to the parallel between the routine
pleughing of the land and the occasional
ploughing of the sea by,storms. By both
operations phosphates essential to life and
luxuriant growth are brought within reach
of plants hungry for them.

Kew Exhibits of Plants of Botanical and
Educational Interest.—On several occasions
during recent years some remarkably inter-
esting exhibits of plants have been made at
Kew, illustrating the horticultural evolution
of certain popular garden plants. The
interest thus created and fostered by the
Director, Dr. A. W. Hill, has led to an

extension of this method of educating the

public in general, and horticulturists in
particular, and we are delighted to learn
that it will now be possible to make exhibits
of botanical, horticultural, and educational
interest throughout the yaar. A new house
(14c) has been set apart for this purpose,
and it was opened to the public on Tuesday,
June 2. This house is situated next to the
Orchid houses, and contains a collection of
Calceolarias; namely, C. cana and the
various hybrids which have resulted from
crossing C. cana with C. herbacea and
other species. C. cana is a small, hoary-
leaved species from Chili, with Violet-scented
flowers, and the hybrids which have resulted
from it show the hoary leaves of. C. cana,
while the flowers show a wide ‘range of
colours, from white, through yellow, to a
deep purple-red. Other species represented
C. angustifolia, C. amplexicaulis, C. dentatus,
C. integrifolia, C. Pavoni, C. corymbosa, and
C. virgata. The South-American Calceolarias
have the characteristic pouched flowers, but
there are four exceptional species which
have open, helmet-shaped flowers, two of
which occur in South America—C. violacea
and C. punctata ; and two in New
Zealand — C. Sinclairi and OC. repens
Plants of C. violacea and C. Sinclairi
are exhibited. Another ` exhibit shows
the development of the garden Petunia from
the two wild species from the Argentine and
Uruguay, namely, P. integrifolia (syn. P.
violacea) and P. nyctaginiflora. Specimens of
these two species are shown, together with
one of the earliest garden hybrids, which has
beautiful pink flowers, and modern garden
derivatives with pink, deep purple, and white
flowers. Petunia integrifolia is better known
as P. violacea, and was received as such by
the Glasgow Botanic Gardens during 1831,
seed being sent by John Tweedie, then
resident at Buenos Aires. A hybrid between
this species and P. nyctaginiflora was raised
during 1833, and numerous. garden forms
were soon raised by various growers. Petunia
integrifolia was lost to cultivation for many,
years, until 1916, when Kew, after several
failures, reintroduced it through the kind
offices of the lato Mr. C. E. R. Rowland,
then Vice-Consul at Monte Video. An interest-
ing new South African Composite, Venidium
Wyleyi is also exhibited, raised at Kew from
seed received from Miss Wilman ‘of Kimberley,
the well-known South African botanist.

A Short History of the Bearded Iris.—Mr.
T. Hay, Superintendent of Hyde Park, has
sent us a copy of the Iris notice which has
been prepared for the purpose of drawing
the attention of the public to the value of
Irises in town and other gardens. Our
readers will remember that last year a
short history of the Dahlia was published
and placed close to the Dahlia borders in
several London parks. The Short History.
of the Bearded Iris has been prepared by
Mr. W. R. Dykes and consequently 18
authoritative. Typed copies of it are avail-
able and may be had by park superin-
tendents on application to Mr. T. Hay,
Park Superintendent's Office, Hyde Park, W. 2.
The following is the text of the “history.”
—*“ These Irises must ከ6 - among the oldest
of cultivated plants, for they are represented.
on an Egyptian bas-relief depicting the
Syrian Garden of Pharoah Thothmes III,
about 1500 B.C. and the fact that a
variety from the Mediterranean region was
found to be naturalised in Nepal as, early
as 1800 is good evidence of their popularity.
The ease with which they can be culti-
vated has doubtless added to their popularity.
and has also helped them to spread into

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IQ RUR Li pr ET Ac ቭ TA TETAN The APEE, ds Me UM vali. "ብ. — form. Barbe
SES vio so 11581. “ጻን mant. dut oie Lordizabala.:
— MC gw (neis ie ፡ ማት በር Beye Cs egi 3 aeque - de hue munt. of
ZH Vim: «c dwantle- yrl: eC 189%, 319. [2.11 (፡ቤዩክ% Tu — Wey are fetii Gehrig ir
Aina CADIE D 1862. “plans at. — J inouncr- Jus xXdhuch
Deli ላሎ let. DNUS Hr Papel hi Howe “ies qeowen: 7 AE: xen መ: would as "TO
;ብበ.ህ jd pae sdy EHE

‘Publications “Received. | |፲ aate Wik fish:

EU iar Treue RC ‘orn PO tier eae me :
l3 am ን SB whiny Hii
fae ጋት. — imu. [ji =
HR EC "Eneributi-— Me tnn: iid ፡ 6

ze seb NUR .- X Y 4 310467 ነ ይጣ Rd
.:: ያየ ያያ AES tha . ያም cow ND tr —
Me -Rony avi, Bowes y
Muieinne, -

CE F ORE 115. er n

"አዜዜ — -Noir ide: plantations should

| imimisdhitole 'ይቪርየ' planting. ‘These shrubs. Dike
ee vuol voótmg nodum. and. shen grew!
haw: dob Been | aufiient" 16. studs: li g
፲0/89ሀ፪95:. in 1ከ8- Me chet.
^o sommer months. Extablshid — plenis ales
Md bono: greatly by 8. [:ከ፡የፀ1. mules, end those’
weh dive "mde A hn bit. s ‘treating. gross
(emos y "detiene - with Tenes cedi
OR: ከጻ እን — — f ar He

proud earings

THE. DRCHID ROUSES..

: ve D 6:ዉ; ‘Gardencr to Sp Junt cam 1 deme
| “Gatton, Park, ከ815.

Ondjdims. he late. ma A nutum: p
» — ODücilinma, which embrace aueh

2 OL varicosum, ሑ0.. . Forbes: A. erinpim, “and 6: star 11. m at እደለ
— Ago lanta. 811: bec በር አር EE BOTY — cte
» 691, ከ Jae — Testing. — — d — stems. begin 1o: paren: Wes * re

ny takus aro the dnosk. opsbnient; Bs 4865 16፡2
ውን sive ins አናናስ አ ሰረ with the necessiiy of tying; otherwjes

: Tie Pk Epea ad be et of O&munda- - gad. - wooden. Atakis phim 2 printed, :
Ts inne am mu qne ee. መጪ map he m

ኮሠባዜ, «wr 6. few —heltadenayed 3665 eaves: - DX MI E
comdded. Those, "material. Should. be^ chop acd LES fo eo AU ES

iy ap wad aixa wah: m — t: ;ር፻92 194.
.፣. ብክ. X300 draw: ig essential) and. oomity
duco de hum. tapos. od es በ! "ia required ; tite
... ከ919. dues peosaod poderately Baly sbot
c roota xf ihe pianta. After pot

E ES ፲ | Cras t Gardener ፻፪ 1. toli 2:8. Crown”

3 | 80፤፻086, NYestoutilrt,. „Totbury, {Bluineestershire. ^
ting 18:6: Chr yzsnthemutas. + Preparitions- shonld: uet

iva Tire rants w Aiborat toring wk — coude. uri die final. “patting: v.

5591. to. nadie. የሆ. : ከይቨካርር | giving 1) theirs oworin pote Glyantage-

nu 6 ARDEN JERS CHRO! MUCLE.

፣ ከ40. : ጠክ[ርከ6ቢ : በፍ. Sb: e POS - p 41/86. A

malching — Je ne: ony mhein da^ p c

a Fouts.

ና (m Putat: wood comps muy be. 9ከ!ክኳቤድ
— J iaio. jae) Ehe: waa ther beccmes | warmer. !

€ "hrydan- ;

—

— — Aline: Tany a dw 19. —
sib patie cef ihe. drees, lor thí. wa queaty
ከአንደ the: iut tude 160 form. And. — does
dich : enm a erp Keep- Sinat AE
oheak by’ alight: fimicatins nin wa aie ፈለል tüdta
with Py 'ባገፕፎ dus ors wit: qvid. asami ^
ደከ ames” 66:41. day ior watot. Rye p- We ES
"border eel wupphed wth? endis givne
igant, 8ኮዩክር9ክዕህ3. of spak. sna mày (And
fem ode. Fadte wl "edacéntrated | aere,

| ,ሮር9830ዌፎ | uos Ae ‘directions: Seog by die. p
makers Byrige tha trees. Xue daily, B ብ oe
| Shoronghly: cwele 'ጌከ9 indeed rw bi Xhe ^

“ch abana And: ant: ‘plenty, af: nir. during pr ን
> of warm. sunshide. Sire liegt: qune be.

WispobBed - cad

. Ath amd: the ‘trees: EWA “as neiureily ae.

possibile, Leaving bo
ህህ. Bight

1 "Éseunsbers iSo MAC
— ín maintain ይቤ og
ን an. tru ur k

cd drops Aft: du being

itie MARO. rens reni ; —

Mon gm —
መኩ

" Young. Wines. Vines | tiid From. eyes” m
P esed Brus uy for shifting dote nine. anch
881: istin pots. The. 1... 8 '8ከ6914. Pont:
Mee af ihre "pia - — Abrens ከጨ whe
parto "nid. 49044. trubble,: ELS anch. qot af

| pry of monture. - Oneidianis - iud hac wil he pude by ይ timely mex of the hohe cual per barrio loul of aoi und a
(0 sgrown 18 near the: root-plass. ina) potting GnPposL ; beforehand: enn shat aprinkhi mg of. youd . ash. and” Boot. - - ህጩጨ the,
| ከ6846: hav. nga bn. dutórrodiate 1 iemperoiure.. — at ice —— ae othe: Rl du pots 'ከክከየርቨ2ከ]ህ “BO Ahab. Waerer pusse guy
የ. ure” vary fre« sflowerites wut frequently | ጸኩ-. . 8.፡ቂከቦ rendily. arid c pot Remie. Tien “pisme wat
"Uherome exhwutel undor artitioal ealtivation, . he uu Inske” excellent vines: for planting park ሚበፍይርኗቢ1ና -
586017. where. nr. Bower ፳65 “are: allowed . — 2 1511 borders Next: "Spring. that -

— ንች pate — | iE
“yond .oid- kat ruth xi — —
„and and 6 tuit basket. “pk rushed. ,ehareoul. ፪ህ
“ten burrowloüds of soil. Tu each: ‘barrow:
Toad ol. sol edd gne wixanch “pel tul af
“shone meal. one thre inde Aalfaneh 9611. oi
-x good. Aortiliaer;. teh 88. Clay's: U ሀሮ :.** de.

eue On:

: ime. x

f . too, pi Lh

~

THE FLOWER | GARDEN.
oam ፍሎ. armes Gatinho i id. ፻6 ር9ህ፳የ —

KLOR Tso this. work: de "completed sach pot, abtar a week aor ten dave telor

ከከ ver, bbs plauühg. 8 19 8-ጃ they are. ‘potted “Thi owill gree thie. plant - 8.

— ከ ers widiwadiiel taia a And wit All p. and have! the: efte of qiinusing - phe
vo Um be jnto 55918 e

ps 0ህ፻0761.- a DÜ iy -ዜርርክ የህ xtent- af the)” temporary PRG: doc ew
EE Dprecarrn mh” phin; ከ፪: eie. 8: ‘cembinatioge - alot Fsi potting gives. St
cet plante. 'w employed “the bhoin: of 891608 - |

— alin: -bs such that sách greup of plant in — Wister-owering. 2 በ189. he enata"
a nomb nation should -be ait ke best at the D ihe tüberaus rooted, winter flowering , hybnds
sanie bine Bg 88 to. obviate. fowerless Paich: - : — ^e: Andertaken: irorü 8085 በዝርኳ8፻414:: 468...
:ልቪ31ከ5ዮ. amportant - Spoink 4a doc pes nach cti “cuttings: beriome በነ9:1፡[1፡: ': ‘ft. ሺ

oplan’ am. Tina coto ‘plants: the "posiGon- Tor- ine noed- Verge: careful: 10688:በ69ሺ... wen.
SCO ay 15 14. best ጸኳ] wol. duc አርኩ SU ቁፍ 896፲111:.. iem, into growths most: 61. es
— Bw the lnagest- amiecesaton "uf diwers: - Enrfage- varies. Polop: -8ከ% tu. "produce. ceutiuugs

"bminable, - should. ከ8 | inserted. ;
fait quts. 81161: with: dau

m ‘planta ad 205607. eeedlngg sell nerd These.
CRPG 2 Attontion- 18: the: JOALtef: 64 watering: amt sper
-- ሂከዞኛ፣8፻5 wel ይሺጨከህ8ከ69.- See Lui all ‘planta;

See Joum, with -8. fren addition, of

— an: pots: iom ov Frames, — post: BEI
E thorawihly: mostak Linee roots: before removing sharp: sürid ; Place” Ahem 16 5 Propagating.
coro CAMBR ee othe: ‘Heda, and 4t ia የወ to. give irme 101. 6.. houses having d ierperat ure. ‘of.
othe beds a ሀዉ Song -nfue. ptenbpg: ja ይ" to T0. Careful watering da. mean] at
finished, ነነ።- val 8986 fer. -Bhiowety wes thin al: tines 864. ‘particularly im. the >. wis
during. .the /seaaon. 921. plan uting, dut we anr c በጀ | 89:5: E Mu best. mined RIA
nit) iets Avol, gend if 1ከ6. soit ii the Optima. almoni RM ii
pide. y dry jc ia adviathle to eee Scared ~Beanky ; Cilmin, pibe:
planting. When’ 8: planting Éxqtisite, - :11998: Ms. “Heal, canine, . ጸባ]
s ali ] Tee RG: MES pu — dive Fus Pecan.

— — TOILET. 1

ay Vs - ከበ UNDER GLASS.

om r arene, nrdeuksr io 314308. Air: Bae,
- Warndey, Burg dires bourk 90 AE,

Apples Parm Contionc to. ahin these
.'ህ% ganien: aung. May snd fata. whore ከ6897. «፻91፡ Haye get, both’

‘goon: ae) the! fi ‘pass they shoni- be - ihe ease D trees 75. puts dod. those. Yawis

E: des ው Ninos, «f seed An. bandera. dns Abe. ‘orchard Reisig tns

:::.: ተ 18ም wheels - T ahh: de devalep, | exhaust. the most profnisbis - ando best placed -traita arl.

VER PEE Jamet 9111. ገጠ ede doe: eee. growth. GH- T dascoud. y irr D as’ tiie: ኗመ% pr genres

c5 n: pirita oF fovit da. for- the: ensuing - ::ሮክዞርኤ- 49 the freus, Ahd «pe quality i ሂክዞ '

seats. 49:ጤ- general. as. Bs abhor prising. 61: Fruita: will” du per. When: tie PA “abouts

^ fasi ሸበጄህጨ ጩ iéconanry. but” “plants: that ate’ have. pace five tea y AVE] reguit Yor

—— ennrakehian m MUKA or Qe wing beyond. the HA bo. pc cher, except in he de nt. ‘extension ©

... tenite -mtended for fen». 3685. te. Cub buck leaders if) this: »peratiat. 18 done: At nq ue

ud MM ier: foes, whit m Hey 11. jc

ur dins ad. Rhodode fu QUAD —

A — these ahowey . "shrubs. ይሃቦ amonpet t Jd

othe. በር. cbeautibul ‹8፻ሀ04- — denturem of > Appii.
png 1 90177 Furie. So

cm: ved ae prevent. th

(MER. dung few. (ከ: Tenet poss blc ከ፪. k

3 — — ቼሪ 44 ] "i
የናና ኤጂ ROU jf
m E ps

UNI Re rr y z -Fenitian urat. ppe- Abrec-anid: :8፡ከኮ61፻ ‘inch. got UR
ss ledditg, As — ful of soot. ፲፻ 1108. pois in which the: plenty
— — id «18, d — “ptores "ጠሮ ደበና growing -Ars :፳511-: filled > with: roga
| — Cannas, “ste may be plantel Jn ap will 55. ponies | io apply as uw tope
> እከሸ[ዌም Hownring® Quarters, “ater: this: date dis “dressiug i abont. aao dietspacnful :፪51.:4185 nk-
: provided - ahw plants haves been - "properlg- = ‘the above athe: Ferahzera: dà the’ urbes et.

good. "leni-mowld. 19 598.7

i cyatietitb. 8 Bs ንፍ ውር — e ne

ከ: ——— ie. CENE MU ian '/6;

e young Wines. À
1i were planted in’ Marth: ee meanins he
Cow. the House and: may ከፎ stopped: "ar traded.
:.:1በኖ6 "te uy bordar:. "agair. The veda ot
dd 31:1. of Alvxundria. are. mach: better stoppad

"thre parts dup the - oot. and; anctlier end.

then n (this Urrows strength. ipto. the cine..

(BAN. that. Hee: Wines . 8፲ፍ: well Supplied - Fit
E ' ve Aa,

oe wne ወ —

les oy

> By (no 8 አፍና da K Fa ዉጪ ይሓ ዝህ.
ts Enimwley, Susser. WAYS P^
; Pun diac. ከ6069. amw peeing wi ovely
ን ክናደ end where. fhey- 8፻6: 106. RAA”
ono tiae xheühi be lost Tu “inning 'ሂከ6815 -:
hi wee | should. de done: “periodicatly. du `
o ፲ጠበሜ% Varetjes “the: Bide: fruits swell 1o ፻
beat shape: - Tresa con galla 819892.
. Amined.- from: Jime ie fune tr cron db water - -
ote teed y Mita ጸኮመፀዕ8 had- been “wary devpure -:-
Db Re dear And. watering has “not: 58. —
; benegsry. Ss: -büs naw: Anat. duc. wis E
fyn metivit Iz ::አከፍች... ‘absorb. | - pouf -
| freely. and. should. mok ከ6. elt: dvo. log after -
8. few days of hob; sumbins Wirt Line —
pérwots the shortening’ ‘af me “young, growths —
should. réceivo attentions 81) ende > ህከ.
cand- the. leaders. pot” deal. dor. exlemnéüum -
8ከ0ክ14. ገዝ በኩ: tipa? "prached: our when the-
“ow growth is abot rune inches Jong. his
IM help Fhe development 9፪. (ከ9 dito ue
niox Vip ት Te — wd e ጠበ qu te ec
ሣ A {the ftn (euminer rese.
ero) -Blinter-: Jr cn or

^. s —

wit )

“phot ame t — pe fet. quay de —— gnin

ME. Bordenns. mixture

ቅ “Ths ‘Prospect, E mu "6፡60. chop
Cm ee the dine af. “writings wery

i i gaddi. — here das bem. à wonderful show of
2!.1 ' blbwsor. :

Some of- the. $arliext-flowering -

- [ጠሸ]ፎፄ -- Beauty, have.
-thor petalsc “Many. Diu. cw re
i there -hest.- "Phe Tater’ iowerinig p such -
ES Royal. ,101[966. .. Bdward Yl. 8086፻/68:ከ6፻ክ, -
Crowley: Beauty. ; od. Cort: Pendu Plot. S

ning: dead quc (ue: begining |

Z

e. ወ ፲ unn.
proat nomber of ሃኝፀ)ር(88. 1. ከፀሄር anon but;
very fow weevils ant this tmy be: dueounted |
für By spraying: thr I with Gro nente
CapeciBe early we Ajpril T -havee mit c seen
Celesner-op healthier’ looking. ovem. for. omeny |
Pe

AD CN

Ae ee: we = =

— zs T

~ Aer exhxtuting nany ፡በ)ቁጻዛ8 one ME tn

: mad the Ue Quite teh ie — the stake.

“papir
41] . tp (6e. ;

T he ይበት ፡ ab:
— de የብ! SIS

po

ከ> 0 ጌ NEL

ከ. "ihe አጪ! sücker Aud, Mis: Apply s 88985 —

-making - bed “grew tli: jmd m
dee: jk Juxeizortal, - 'eepslier, dic “other shapes .
ien 'ዞሐቨኤ. phe: young: SHOOTER shenid | “he traed

very: padetully. - 1፻. stakes. are Oey the

(UR eor shivuld be, የባሮ .” Je die.
erowid - 11656. wing ^ Alem. 7

i5 and: 196ሑ69# around 11
Pop Abe berks tu swell

hie growth. Ier tage. roore

AME:

| 5 sumta should. f inen " Delos, specially. -

vi ,89ሺ. i Mir

* x gy M thas Pane: i

1
ift
y

ni 886. mu young “frees tbi. “111. aaa?

መ wood) bem | meint 4n; — NOW Mur
don —— it daa | baotr, pamat, Uh

ሂው 7 “sit — Dorking.

Doer E auus -
pendency - DE dde
^ sharing drx : eitis. iA]
siiis bles To taki ve RUS
፣ Spinach. cse wb mc Gupily. aa Kosten.
gare: uring. Mot: አዘና eee 1ከ6:. Rame T
cet. "dius. "Braut: This, sies reed a
| nd ies dura

^ ከጨጨ መዚ: taris. us — enda use
መመ. ለ casedims cho: Cds qastod 99.

—— well: VUE Teao. aod. adt ahal.

cm. avquimed oM -. aed ከክር for’
በጨ se cate: vequiued ሼ [1 pave 11፡09.

+ fe make holes Avus Wes — ህጅ

1968. spnel — ፻፻ pach

(5 Chik let. 165. E

: ur at. web
utbs ff

3: "fu T Hr IPS
be pede ፈይ Gay at M 2766: ae —
"pat blasted thie, plants 81!

; A rea. tay vend
NGM soote 811. Bee choles “When EAS ay 181081

s = ርር; ህአ]. awi before wint£y sea tier: aeta in,

ii ja beieficial > 49 “መጻ ር CAR: ur 9)
a: Mw plante. VENE ere 1 y

| «ህህ 5 ከ.
— 4
AE ከፎ How, are veld forsan week
npe. ve Yet: E quire asy Cho Wea ve ud
“large: qut xir hiec ኣይ veiuch ‘plant. | during, Aie

| ae s "Márrowd quus mow
$ " i is adore.

|),

might« t genie ately: Keep 6 ሀ1ሠ dick

— fot: ሐ; 208. ዘክ! ren. ዔጤጁዥ parti ኳ
iready 88. Manos.. - Where ground 14
— gardens - nud jt 85. diflienH cus find
phe Aor nxepythbng, . J
ae dew — 3 viibhish heap. TT ns
iyd 1 አነ escis rete | npo
- ህብከከ048)- from |
BM ary hii y ሀ:ርርገዜ -
tinek, E ippel mos Y ds
t ahy he Mar

qr passa
atl SAN
፡| piiniat fe

— EMATIA: hd: durthee-
dor After - - ቦዕዶአ : SPAR valuable - Mai. BE
a ee qt (18691. - "Winch ©

Staking ገጹ tion., — ses.
tantly ona fa HOS Bur cessaptiat AGE.
.. ሚይ. peus “shaking .. "የየም .. fortnight.
auvloor. s GROB: aat: Runurr. Beand mav
; DU. AM :; bres “tall stinks. FANANN Da
be ed hop Bhuna” Biani 19, sithetand ^
DE 1406. t i iH OM ^Pea sieks may oec
Y für leu Boni Beans, these:

SC J ከነ 94፡9

ር

Fra: Trees all. pna. an s E" à
tne

Ee AET -

des ead itig | shouts to become: omit ogéreus. he We
AE the, diee dee "ridus . be mew. dud vast... Sis
wird, cara shodla: bes taken’ to: prevent die o e s

እ E om. M eed:

planted ups n

jn sni. pa

larrows -
(new apnd giire
59. BETY. 1ሀ plato

TE ‘Site ble —
ው aad auttais the: Pium Wi s om

"iig ont:

GARE ። 5:

iisti. perite ar — attention. Stake. 58 .

auth 4 mmagrier tbt, 91(ከ8ሀኗክ dad: 69615. (his. a]
8ጾ:፡ 5 ከ11: this s a

plaut, rük, us. neatly
support «lien 99:16" Brown cMuuy "t. th
pnta" iney, 1 “ed
` branches trümified. 1019. pt —— Forming
éxvellent : stpporta, ‘Spruce - rancho M. nut
ready "detenteg tanget the yila nte A
Hardy Annuals. Keep. à cios
— already: sew: oi Aeon
es MORR memes. pf s

vi a

—

=A ቁምራ Lo J
ኣ“ቆ* መመ Ae

“Be. nee iu — he ds po” da: dits em PECK
“ከነፃ. brakes charo ndear Soh 8. ትከ. የዛ

Kitchen: Garden. ‘Regular: mowing ut 2680
didu bwe- Aide. wmützotdoovs dv Codes (days.
of es fortnight. "Ehe po rlivst: Qelery: uds.
Be plasei one tochas And wierd | pepious ly

wien: “planted: c 3: በጀ. OF: Tam: may hee
Tante: Enc didintaim 8" ን. ቁ as median: c
E ized. 89018. “suitable: foc ([6: ::8ሠኮ:. እዝ
étotime po make: ihren or ብጠ: «00. አመጻ |
SOF, “phn stnaller-erowiig: Vane tion, oo 809116" ህነት...
p Savoye’ máy now. he sade, vil. when ጣይት.
"age Timid. the. varieties. "ary de. uds (Green
77/1. uo ver.

“Chen ds

Curled dire tty "bes ré Gone ded»;
rampart: 10 dian; “and, eame d nud. for use
[ently- . Negrptble: Murroxée, pay? |
cis etnies የ m et jade
Should. Jiave- uratectioh ais nidis.

h lt.

‹ዛ RON IC ደ (a

ert. — ;staking ^ ots € ae

spent s

dnt cmd; onal —

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el, planted,

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| du dee ist vic ነጺ anit the scene i wed m. Jue:

as

| Mr

NUBIRA Ae à Te

TU

white |, Arend ..6፲91-:-
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grow those 1,

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jd frost, MS 3
"የኽ

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E “patel tá; T
growth. Hur, bbs
— Pak APpesr à

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: dovaly. flowers =the former: “produces: a dark
"o Puby eent, ick” ከ፳. datter. hee.) p M
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— eros

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unt phage scr bis Ae they. start: into” posten
m. — a —

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have beeu granted Awards 91 ር

ርር 1815. produce < ‹

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ig) ሃር!

large.: and
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ieblled :
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A iv. Si es

by any: ow The)

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p $ — ke yahe end ar.

CAMS

amus FOR ‘CONSERVATORY amo
| RREERHOUSE. DECORATION. —

— CORLL 8083. These
le^ “Ray. “ats 91689 ten, cw. hib አህህ
ያነ ባና Sy: "dnos is often musnemed - —
QUORUM. There. dw apveral. beautifi. "sariEtIes
renzing 16 '9019ዮ Train’ white” 889 rose to.
“diane: 151808). | s "hoy. nre stridor, graectul
|: በህ. "und very: Charming: fe pot *ገ0/]ክ፻ር..
ENS EED GAA best E debut. ከ57 rtd ot
1 ያርክ ie drnooge GANS fran 6ሆ::46:8. nop
5 &ryentiouse, | pr. if ac desir: they TAY: be: UE
hari Fanat or: Fehatery: :
‘Kone’ Jor ከ: 3 seedlings 8ከዕ(11. he priat
— Oo aE aa ets anc ‹ህከህህቭ፡።-
Tevobtacts - they: ait. si ከ6080. JUNGE ^us: winten
EPA tien: ned up. "ba Ag root: glass. 11.
lve ፡ሀ091. ከ6ህቨ8።5 የ] qo the year they should:
! ሸርክ]: dor 3ክ፻958: Cinta “their: owning -
16408. Those’ 'ህህቦ ehes: due idinytoter. deing ፡
፡ ena: rm

—

and. ‘neatly .suppacted | with HUE DOE a.
ጠመ "n Taito - material. . | :

| PAUETES PATE LA. YAR NAL

lae boast Mangda. ur ety: Sei: Ax
summit deadding - "and heres ከ9 ve aso:
E ‘they’: “shoud: nok ec miopi
13፡4 for greniga beara uan iari (ከሁ.
aning ae Hey: Hawe moy Ter:

"ሇ6ዬ double: Hn Waseca: dandi
this purposes thos Ghontd *be-plbaitod: 08.
the onurmery - partons. dung “Lhe
“se hune. they: gvh fake frapper 18:1: 16115

‘a Pet Wee for.

oA bent 81. hide (1. ጾ 66500: the: 48 ats: c

ብ8:፡፻:33.. Splints shon v dure. url. ofiri:
dns EESAN OATES pay a 5 Hogi di. - 4E eod.
በብበከ፡፡ በክ. dept — apuk shindig fora. dep.

E dex wb: sun eret ገዕ ሸይ? በ111 idis:
For. ከ8. ‘pupies Y May Uu vx —
EDH wasto 'ዞዮክ Mr ali EI J Wings

1,981:

DN feu d ris rs managh: 48 |
“the as und *

በዜ. nuke a
| ከ8916፡4. በሺ. ተ ግ
yne ልክክ “መኪ Sete a bos — lon
"E 2 x Oe: Wan Aron 4 1 di Sante
AWAYs deo ase Abe, mides penche
—— t UP Hec dattet hunter pos ered hye
: the KOAA gn.
BT not; * DAAN, qa ኮ,96፡411፡. Me, d& nets:
düwever. generally Known. et. Ages EROS
E na tits. from: whe wich ahou de
silocted- frond. gidd striped: varieties; about.
the. dala 6፻:; gis mücets . four ot. AH
ine 6868 ua jength., quot. reodily in. a 81398 pase:
LR 0C | hon. and. good, büshy Spain J
AY ey “obtained - sweky: Dy placing: t ues
ceuttings arn darge: pary saat. “pote, —
“potting them on. By growing. them .
arieetip . ecl pandiniane AD sve. bania
pblant , 5999. S —
yation: —— 24 — Poh

nd phas HS
CH ‹,01ከ5፻ - ay ea

(8: «በ. ቭሕኛ bec Erngted- As am. “adrenal;

ib: AVEA | during. ዞ ehrupty-- "ነች: አርክ... —
teitnena: suitable: for ihe quati. PITE muye
“he! obfauesl thea Samé season. 1. henge Manu —
are deste, sede souii be down x ዜ cool
- wrepuhaüsp towards the end. of duxi; and: 5E
Mer nem fame plants re uen gieudilv. ah.
enot —hnoitse, - potu. AME ass those yea niec. dt
until: dhey are 10 ar ህከ. pats. i ተህርት” will.
fumnsh. fne, damus ሻዛጻሻሀስ=ነይ Horee to. four |
fost 18: height. Wath: Thejr light, elegiae
ej oid: Lika. TASS: በ፻: ado ከ1868 purple በክኛሠየ፳

suet pats are very 11: tor: eoiervatury.

decoration 5. tliera- das alsd- dc white-fowetid: -
variety. qma d — gres reels 507 uv
"ሪና od - porting 6ሀ99:9ዛ1,- “anid. nier ASPEN: de
— እ መ BOGE, or. de Miner ያ PUE

ise EC ETAT 2 I Us እሺ *

1 te Spal NES ae Ahir: “easy: ዘበ
Ge: desee ቲኳሁ ON ASLUPMUTAS ^ 8የ6:: 81 . 198፪/

chinibng. — uie. — qtu br dur

THE.

228 Sto hele rt dad Cee RRR Ina
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ti

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| with. Svati) 6/8855.
ቦቢ “በር “HERTS does depu.

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et Mex should. Pe foem

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—* 1፳:1556.-. du Ary, aul
winter Wher they

t?
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urge ol pene Sa ay
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"ቭክ9ሯ come vidil ' — front — wine tss
ክበሼኝ ' :ክቦ- How 16 eei]: Mme

house, cany
Spork Marek tu. the: d yE”: 188: —

Pin Solent 968968. 6፻ ገ; 681095. dokn ለክ -
mmm held: mani "varieties. ፡%ቬኩ- Wile |
arp uo pajon" ; 8ከሠ፻2:. fre! ዘክ asinos

si Hepa: wit 8

:የ865::-ኳኪቪ mah? ዞፍ Hrot. bie taris, ከ
በኛ: need foc». Wit ohcperfectis.- "paul.
TROAS '680.. ሣን. Pedy “kk posta I Es

nies Teti umb: Sten. po Hable Ca maies Poe

doe wt" Biv vie hey "16,411." hac ጽፍ ams
aee diu him bip ASTER
* nnt im 015 :
cue ME 5:

ፀነ quur setti:
bte: Ts SE: i Juüv. he:

ከፍ
886. “dt —

“Fe dies et (4,890) BUS GALAX ሠ) K E suasa
ROGA MS JAFURIUA, AS 3
Ss uo s aa d (qne ሯ MAC

ATS EM — Ay: "yel muy. de 9

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(

| OpROPAEOLUM Pk REGRINDM, | n
: 4 T: popular’: "simi «inii - jin: ጸዳ
4ከሠ Canary / reaper, ፡ : Although: ‘gonurally

- 188941; antt 11100፻፳. dura the mimir is.

PRU «40ኛ. nisita for. farmahinig: Nares OP) relives © Cdegnes ፀር attiospbterie foia and,
E a O CE A Rerenhor: Aureo thn anyen .

Te ዘዳ ari easily Fuse. ftev sends POE: dns

sel, doe: dirig “Marr | ከ. nx us

CMENBHU AUC ALESNDULAE ra "n

plant; Aak: bright, rese Viti.
worth: row ut pots treging
tn ' 18168: as oak usd der: Colet

VE mi ;
pue ws rie

es ai tcc 46

Ye daas jr. ay hich: ዚ ——— J———

1'ኮ *ለኑ
b. ላ

VOR ይክ ከ... NS AG:

page ay ተዘልስበቪስበር E E E: ——

በከ) ኣባ. coset fae quis = necs “although:
ndis Keniaa MES moyo de ented 85.
auminda: : |

Ned: yäny — dic የ dn — fm
T prit enfin ከበበ-- Binene they rim
Jer he preriebest em. «9. hof tainly, true: 1o: name.
[he cupiam este Sow TO an - AD pains
demie dures — ar! Mte A 8. chen
DIES ክጸበባከ፡ this ‹፡ serbia: hol pe prickat-
Ed otn. ከ ኔን ን BAY hnnc dari Senauah
"wind: bu p POPE ipt y CHANT puis. ànd
"ክር wel rodbed ^ ‘ahit 6፡1. Again. diia bench

IER * gi tae vavaty vi

dV
ue Eu 113: with በኮሥ4696 ከከ888፡«ርኪ 925 apik

mA cArefully | öd Spots 1ከሀጠፐ፻:

Pec rotae i በ6. way n "81808. he — us

AUN. "

LAU 6. 1885

ው... aa

፡ ቋል tid plants Hre nuiveully af. 4: ክዚህ ዘ፡ —
Tabu Whey should be. (pied devenit ATP =
ni thelr ^yonnget arabra tuc የ።ህስ፣ህሽ። 8 Woe’
haber. Whe fostering: ations | piaui, be kerr
ded as. atender qiakum A አይለ Ee
Tine pente yall qoum hay 8. "by PU x
: wet ire: Copesit - cand «ouk fuo Aven. aider

E a and. Ms Odie. Under passi ‹188ኗ:.
ES osomesehaf" “mabet. fe. tuos < ot Rie ኽን
E Amd. — gun. Sehr Tout 8... Baad |
3 FARDAS, à i
SEE sus lesiel. 16 የህክ). በዙ wd: ‘ot —— d
^partiéculat: Manet y ob 9ኛ. be. Pennine, ካሎ. ታክ
omano 218888 we By un clu. i Ue Ta.

x e

"1 Tuta de roe ee ai tees odunnz ;
be stiamer said, ° Hie Achmnonee deseryetdiv i>
opecupy cde ug ‘piip pad 219911. Rais dns

- ፀ]ክ1619፻18 18. atisntion —— dd trieg.

c rhem Yu. high. ertet. e.
AN ከክ» Tx pute OY )ብአክ;. dig hr. (à
dae grew. hi the’. eauler: vem iif RE stay AUS

hone, anki thay sit "rado ae dtes. flower’ sani c
ses then: iptal] !- 1ክ፡ vane retry. am tbe
ግዣ Uu firater ad etn umet: aay 3e

| uod candi tiie cw Nager prend. flan “ር.

| አቪ. ር a Mes. dier Wt. Miu 5*

aids SS | :
Arung Irqi. D a ehe 166. ከዚ
; pede rich E rarat whak
d onus) tbem ^ ademibly | máy. aie made WE ሠ.

.:ያ0019298:.. የሠ. quarte god. | በህዘዜ: Toum OME
eek ዛዛ rorat. 7በ8192፻9. ዘክ! (pare BONG) Dak -

| Senko: Sand. w onerous) “የና(ቨ8ከ5፪: Gt.
jan sadi 1 narra the: haus Tuto. BISWUH
iis, a good. plan ^t ከክ. ialis: pans wrek c
:: ህከበ: Jedi aseo post ፡ anil 88:8 ከዚህ! ibe
| [0የ.ሴ2. ህክ I E 914. xay place hen: Dither
ጠበቀ. toper op thie Surface: did. 0688:
አክ:
ML in ፏ.| hane Binme ጾ tixnpera tpa mE
A. In ረ 486% ware. about. rwac
eh: high; penes ihem- hie he ecapitacles : Mac
Uwhuael they” APR CO US. fewer The pots shoidd
e well! ditus ኳባ) filled: niaderatefy. 866:
wit: Ys qiéepasist oA. Lat the, pienis ፡
from, — de die

| በርክዉ apart - (ee tie pet

(Appear c "hy ogfeatee ndednips o Hode whens
Crown. ii nither: ከ141. baskets "acd. auspandad -
18: ቴክ x, Deer Vid Ory.. 4፻: Mis shoots ant. does"
"plants; rowing” around the: edge. dE nes enh
Gh tye carcfally: vied down. de uL Adéentup;: ‘the:

Sides 48. the MC SMALL bet completely th
'(ቺ avere © by hia fme ; us flowers ም }
produced, ; 4 ‹

| Achutienes : — A Vempranture. —— ha: TR
that in which '1ከ0% (yere sradted. d moderate (00.
deity FER,
beni: enpplies : ui water au 1ከ6 roots, ict
a Dole not mo, fur fron the: xodiglasy
Ahar {ex cmi: 851107 8. anodertté ^ tilata ue
ሰን wor. ‘and: he: shade | from. Peint aenshine: t
iw aes hem. ህእ]: “Rhee shad mot - d
| eun A ——— eagpoplire: 4፡ 11. atu
OM hagevit, foto! whey / kept naistaqatl vc
ahati. “የከፍ. harati deka mdi eee
ተመው Tis hare wal መል M Aia.

E ^

——

ንመ መርማ መታ ዝጃ

THE ROSE GARDEN. ;

ይህ SENATOR.

, “Pane: ewe Rage: ‘han.’ sn. poe dor’.
Tes gutratibn c Wy othe | Ret pal eatin. Tamaiti $
6" thie, “Amery ‘An’. Rese’ ors Tt ia "ar oe.

eque he: Annat fu rra ኣዚ Aole ue 10/9195, He
but: | ሀርባ(1ክር«- foit E CH idv Wenn. Sm
15 ፍህ tindo. drin: / dust t Xdaigbin. :

Péanjet: "Ehe Jie : “ያዘ Asi sud e e -

ያን

ON sic and. A be. E Vp hates

= T

gr ^t Veotricose cele."

M ots doa.

ር : የዛ penes

UT "Wero |

21 non

JURE 6. 1 25.

በ8088 ades — 661886.

| CALYPSO REAL A AND. autor
. .| FORMOBANA 15 JAPAN.

THEO

= — —— — — € A

J AM ና yon ተዚ photographs, token in à mir $

Botanic > Gardena, : "Hukyo. One as "of Caly pso

Horkealis- tagr da eae Beir tu. f. ) vir. ——
(ከኮ -

‘means ፍድ —
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ar

Maxim Nó
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as P46 fo a

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are

3599101028.
Havas fas !

‹.. Nery queo ክበ “head: Orchid; dut.
ላ eins’, 66 አባርህ! nba TS: sonltivetiont. -
Japan: "Nearly pgri grower vontends thatit
-ጓቻ፦ nearly Gupoeible to grow! thia’ ‘Ape cites

‘they are: polere NO one. knows: he

1 famous, Japanese. painter: LU 58(9/,2#188.
| jme ARES.

— ንኝ OnE. phatagraph: (Pa. |
bi oe Seach -Hay B (imu. d
“collected የል | k

es S m --

—

ui ahe Raine ynür.
Hn. "plant au. tlic ሸይህ. Magazine.

A729. noder. the: nüine of. ps (Priadi.
db s belive: ("his d athe 8818፡፡
Tormogank r “አ Riy:

aub

pedigree. of both uf the. Parents.

| ET RDENERS:.

— — — — — “መ መመ “ሙ —À

^ Our. ችፍ ቸው

of Cattleya Schraderas, which Wi

hybrid bedring የ፻! Sawer ይቤ Abe. LM

*
be Lim t o P sn. “ዝ

ba, when — ict’

j 444. A
"

፡ RXCARTR | 165 cesta

in Sie Jeremiah, Selman’ 5: groan: Ak. Fin:

v " X
Borne grow rd c Bad. MES

T pese. !
1854. i ;
TEAMS. P Ae ——— uo B

| 18914, ENS e
Rolfa, ...:! በ060

1918, 4, 120 MEA oe

vi — the. gids and auge «091. the i padng - ዛክ feit 66. thick,

pid: amd. be. Dübere docay? a Rea ravit hs.
.... 3ኔችቬዳ5ጅ ]
I Yoason. for- iue adum
ERO rm plant’ gora S teind Kokr bnt t dandis,
| 6:99] kosm afterwards des away, ^
The: kpeermen. figural: sees exhibited: in. heo ets
Aipme Pant: Show igst -yeor at the Botanie : =
teatri, Takpa.: Ot yeas ouleried bv Mr Oka”

"n —
ክበ] hg. CHelenbedy "46. Th

Show: =
7 ds Epua. jn témarkable — ና
subastas end xasormly:

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jM 4. ihe’ Mp,

ኤቪ Y

lather)
miel 2

qund ^
JE: SART.,
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flowers: ND dorm:
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Corewior? dniioro.. brae ters ከየኗሦ((/#1ሃህ8፡ de Jie P

Wise büamellate ’ Aiert

oD received noany planta. frons "Formoss - Yhre °

eae dud. antierapied. 56 በበፎርበህህና the differenóe

o detenen fha Ee
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aa living, fes.

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Rr - DBONTIODA. COMA: ፍላ R E
CAN [31 ‹፡. HAW ATH X y A K ROY ALTY.

ህር
| “lied: ju. Messra. Chariesxortht anit
AS cay Rar 'ደየህርዩ t Chelsea, are not onby ter
K vef: ‘the:
ከሺ from the’ dent racomitig. “of

Meet nt reverse. ጠመተ...

fw አሻዕዜ ፡. specimen ^ “of TE RE N —
S Princess ' Oda, Coronation xcOdm.- exianiüm):
bore 4 heavy spike: oft nipeteon lere and

i ዳየር tarioa Hewera, the eplour &rrá tied. NT
(3:49. (6808811669 which Was the meeeg |
e biter parts of the an pula A

Annee coo or

BN WA
ነ parent
petala Tight rosy maure and. the:
white 169108. with: ruby-purples the arranges:

‘Dr Hayata states Spaniel: .. ig
Nearly DENM ይዜ
COM ax bem ATE Ario- dawertd, bt denat,. SAC dos
664 fhan Frey cur driel sperimien& we wnll. 3
Ss Kome have two; athere tirer 69
cO ክበ, Some: Tuy Timellac ^on - we dip dier ome s»
E 3 161. “five.

two. augritieenit (xitmtiodas,. shish, ነ

argint wad oost beautiful varietiese
the firem ae
Therma ty: material far, ——— sei ue

/ሃጸር:.:.

nent cbf, che blotehing early inditeting: Oda.

^ i Arona NOD [see tlard. — May: 33, p: Gnd)
.. 1300ሰ8((608 7 ‘Hiawatha 86058 ys -(Oda. cy
V nartesworthin occ Oda: oe darin dia] UC whieh”

patent, uite ohserüves. (hie polour patent ‘of
4) CorAnatiin; 884: follows mardi the «seed -
pront, tur: sepsis
MA | hie Wai be the dips The} fine Specimen”

‘hehe? isle, flowers. ubati.. ihirlpsmwordi s
Tarni ^pt. Gà.
SBR 7 potent: focios thes

in. qoroduetion -

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| [ለጀ[በ6 CATT LEY A DAINTY, MAID.

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| und ptala" eig . wholly
vus Fhhy-emtoson. oa os hiak white margin and

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—
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ንን 1870. ዩ 594. dn) አሄ HIR TREE ANM
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Fhe 'Bpaeiaw. hae always been | are an rmm

ghi. race. BOCES | Ws - Die tof! d ከ
፡ አንሄል ፡ - ዘይርኒከና፲ክ | fat thee: geod. ' የዘር
. ኮ0(ፈ6(፡91.. apemon, dawn ከሎ: SHE, Jeremiah
"Colman, BU, Bt Chelem. dlieiw.: ju ier TU
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‘Aaseni bint yo M BANGS ds UN. diem: df tbe
genus: Vanda." es

“Fhe compati 880: oie 661. jerent: ian. d.
“Hatneroua : petty. Hawera. each. touto ine ከ '
The’; pala nid petals: SIRS, 'ohavnto- -.-
` #ፀክ8!ክከበ]8ኩ #6 mug chew peho du
“the. three<lobed -, fhe” Shout 1609.
expanded: the ate. ‘phe: mak iad: Jürurvvd.
white with. yee ama rk ies

Mee:

Wane fare Speoleé waa & no saei: 2: AU

in Eo Geir |

CH RON ICLE.

—À —— M — — —

Els! epa and. pital dune zx
‘silvor-white, and jn their: outline: he Peru up
Che c
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. much-crumpled | white lip. with a yellow: diee

^s Influenced by the Laeli: qurehts e b y
which, bewig of the rneny-fowered. Aes
barina ‘cass, swill probably desiit ins dh እለን cu

(group. Eo!
OA Chelsea. 'ዘከርቦኛሎ..

ይር 188፡፪61,.
ta AE
| hal jach acros, Are 'hard . do tesir fhe..

Sepals and! petala ‘are . Tight mepia-brown "with . .
DR füotalle tistre vaut. with ao Hera, gie c d iS
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“bbe an. the: gibimi ihe. ‘Front’ Jobe: 45 oblane ENIM
datus c
wii MOS
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is babit is «mint in (o 0o
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m Songs

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- and. — |
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Bloons»

nearly

06 jue. A», i868.

503

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| በጻር፲97 La 4 N&CULP ot We

CC Ca
feto mo ይርአ! And
‘Yaw Boseored. eph (BAS
The «Boxen. Aich, are about. soe wr:

‘Reve (617

EGUS margini: -
“with '8ከዩ' “DER ‘peflexed. ‘And:

haying
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paaro Þbinesti

while: ጊ86- blade ot -
JiurterOuk . Rarts
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dhe Yin

Soay Desens

ቃታ

FORMOSA NA, BAYATA, re

hele!
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apes , uds is.

SEN. | ዐክርቨ8 —

ba ie Wak. ከ16 አበር] "ns tlie ክህ hy. d
EM his. foliosa 46. Gard. Chron, Apri m
p. 261. "Them ate ‘aeveral .fhionénbds 61188:

dax
` tructures The:

; Beandor, A

J nativa 2

snobp&k hav. ‘the: plant wyi ^ubsohuldy- hardy, HB
Eo have Tu dt. Ayiug. aii this: Srian of the
pround al . the winter: “8 አክ. Jb 8ዚሸ6፻8 E
may. harm; wliüe. specimens phunted. rod
“Haye 5, “who ፡ የበርባጭ than” Se oi ፻ር6:
Nor: an: 8 think. eo fastidious. 88:66. 801:
Tt. 38 &rowing in. 8. swampy

freely" un poor, “sandy, ^hok Bei
: thovigh, | 61188 46 alate. the, growth 18 uot.
SO, d suriant.: “We has another merit,

in Paing. fairky of rete from, ganden. ፡ „pesta, -

Ze thong): on 086 09ሀርክ8151፤ 8. anity white. juseet. did.

| Although .- parvítüüra :. dui: 7: He videat.
“range ^ "opc tuna Ot. Buy A Abe Vandas,
Shela found. ehe -Hiráhuyas; cae YES -

> Burma, Oy lutis davis — ather paris it bas
..ልየር13፡:. ippenred du. Gur. gatione. — dg:
“wicasionsl: nante ian: Ampeortetions fhe”
| species “AR evidemer: that 'ብጩ pee
. 790158 | Waal) hekter appraciatad. dormerly $ im
now, the Royal: ተው ህር Rocteiv's Fit

-eling ‘ok |
- Madeira: help. qmatiers nibh, hence ite absence | v
የጠ በመስ ተ ከ ላን

pitack the raot ክበዱ Hey were dütraant, with)
disüstrous pper 1፪ 18. x pity (hus; terrestrial -

K Orchid dé dot: pore. frequently: BERT but: p

ward i ridus
dior. doen. . ftus

thie.
tenderness, =

etn afrauko /eOnveygR. 5.

"word |

-iom many gardens:

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of

L

MA

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Dreh. Tare, በ11 Tally: epdofee: the wfiter's A AUS :

Mei ©

THD GARDENERS - CHRON ሂደ

^ E 7 — — —

7 7

"S — pie ዘህ]: “ጥስ መ፦ “መክ: w dec ርው ን shige a —— —

Otoo ከዛ away Ake Am ot polli Abed gi ቪ-- - iheugh o /ክርሃ፻1, ad Durs በጻ. ay . txpetience .
Port 1816ብ,' [[. imens a 8 our በ SBS : beens, BADEA KEPE pes risp: giae
i Barly. ine Tul T. tnoi at ti “ult

e ህ -iponc. Rowers thst so mny ፍዳቸህባዥ cab.
| Mo) En s i — yet S — P ው dit "elifalionz-- About. ECCO ed peitiko wie ኣ.ኬፌሑክ:. 1. Em. peque MR
Ies JS —— — voglio —— species. though. 15. ነት ik he E eapert - dt comes paer - To - M. ኣሜ.
Sine my US article; ..1.. waa: writing. ie [yet ፡ 31091 1. 1446፡ክት0

Nur pags - 1(- dec /copuion- Ane tHe ክበ egi. natie -.
8610 Ve appin: VO b አቴ) ፡- neXt - 16: ‘dower. after): 8፡6... አ; Dikran E - that. 51. np rates — Whe ጃና “Rhotindéndion,

as SMEs simplici — valo dun. Mene dvo. E Kis fot. war: J— Marori ng J——— Toppy sc ይጠ!” wap rene. | Uh fowotaji wf ‘whine ; aos
— ‘Yellow-fowsred: Epi cem of: “the: Polyebaetiu - NS WS ,27491: H Gerad — heer) du that ፡፡. MOVED ` white uod አስሊ ውል up: weak. EA well.
ህተ. s .፡ 16 Rhea A CERN :: ከክር--በ6ክባህ - at sgnusdex" Aomewliar: yhe relationship ^ fbit; SO CARE ፡ he took gardens ህ% ce dhiennist ከፈጨ.

....ህርጪህ 31.:1616ኗ81፻66ኬ. pr. ANE: - distégritüli var / Rouliet . {or mot, 'Canybuioutly- 3 will: Higab agaitisv. 58: papuiaem ve. x —
ese di 36060 At. pape ene ርነ] —

Paty, E i f LAAN

Clo QUners M paenieulaté. net M. robusta: deed, 6.1 think, Ws ouheib bears 10. WO rhtegti-
SE - በ às Wory. Poppy) me “vis ERO ዝዞ IRW, folal c e quet possible. y ‹፡ከህ8.. iis) ! 19 2 |
Si ነያ" dec mane dike a white: በክብ - 51... - ቫህክር 44: 1ዜ፡8፪1ሶ81. Satta, ther onde c found hi^ Hh. dork lowered WAE — —

simiptieifalie, - sth. welitáry flowers uno Vasa Aptil “Bou (Coraes: J teach wee At © T "by ait lies ar “with ley” ‘Alpe 255!
Xe ; SEB pus. than any other yellów-Bewerod. spec aes SIDE Gre Lal J robid. about iners from እ: be~ ANE, orsa." DAR affecung -
A "Known. ዩየ( ems olt ds o9 loves plant fw 6 uo deber Ads Peris 465 Apt ove wate Raster. route

f; she qs um SU 881/65. us p

Co Mewar are. siis: four dneéhes use biemeters wh. Areria: 3038. LT PACS ፡ ሂሂ uic. canugtet- ንባ abyss : bs QU 1:87. AEN s HE fme. - —

pares. tory. white with orange nitions, 384. Wier ህህክአዜሙ Mian 119: Connery A ‘high: well might Sadten o ev ihre = Wage: Hop E
UID BOS: 0119016982 fragrant, which | thig e, RAAN i «pit ከ ከ TUS dus s Pappas ያህ duüyerlier #158::;, 88 mon Vegts 688. DM.
coo Sela caplets ዝጽ ክር!.. TUG, 20 SROS: A shiaet lived, Sumber Akis, aid. i probatos. gámpliatalu- sea TLetel VEE ፡ hes Heind.

j |:‹‹ወባጠህሄ, bute tlie lveoty. Poppy is i pery H —
plant hem: nind- g- pint Wege f do; quat
linke hol fen ie germen 31. Meri wet. .

— UR: ነፍ. 5
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Mae 80:8. ca phe a Men
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x fht. jest Soter. West SOS hits i Ale Sumer”
orginal d + am pia yx duc bonr: Mm d
LUE canes ፆን Tes. ንይ ነ

AUTE te UY qa A TU ጋሜ (የዛና is dep. dett
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B nes ur ክ|ሕክ .%ከፀክ en 48099. ከነብሩ: tbe parle #4: ርን
—— tex, 1 wmm
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| pit glaw aihere ith wy:
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estem end: 166498: appa i s
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ER Lips. phon alsiae tied ^y: Wr Parut. Fy
| [ካዚ አካ: “8 ከዘኳ]፤ቲ- sy Mee — nipah :
f aes 31. bugs diia "ሃፈዬ ~ Mondisintlt Sir David
Py e ppeemmeic ላልጋ unperieet ES ‘Hate no xi —
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nay 88.8 -1026ዚ. diners raeh: Bess amehes- an: Sraten (9t "Thus ee deos oi: gt. dois qne - 499078: — bathe “obvious pum
eote 38 nae well De | vanagined, theretens; SLC ees ef Meconopan Dr thas: miugions. - —— ከ18፡፡. .8)8ገሻ፡ > but “paler: E iem jeg “ይ ^

finde. «ክህ of. ፲ በህር sulphur, Poppies 68 1 i Winte Tindig Hheke Pages n at four "petite; lumens. neko, xit: : KLONEN.. S

ከህ. sight. hey: grew np amongst the. 16:87. 316": Ase terry Ap donec i WA - WEES: 667 ind greet Styles db ሠ ከህ. cuglilos M; Pr Mte

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THE NEW. mOR-POISONOUE WEED KILLER —— M p i
Equaliy as effective, Jt vot more 80, ’ tis ©
Arsenjost Cormpousds, ani. cheaper RILES THE ROOTES.

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D doi ነ . lini DEC d cam sky ud. -starved. ae Ree
Trl — pue: S ot soured = 4 As AER. a es
EDU UR RU A EO RR EON co NEE Bee ere v rra ae ELA AR PINE: > — — üerefore- dress i well ው ን
ነዘ Mator ; Mower PUE este i < with Nitrate of Soda, in $
MUST be water-cooled, ee DES 5081886868 . with ከው SEDE
RERUMS Sp ^ puatés and. Potash. Kex e
dern foros gpecid phlets, antitiad, —35
5 Suecerstul. — ot Exerp Amateur! %
v “Pha. MAnuring: oj አይመ ku fr rar: ፡
Tréex, t ES gratie and post f tee hy ጋ.
-PAE ERAN: NITRATE GOM-
MITTEE, Urabe: Hour, New. Broad
1 ማመ Len £C. hs eut
— WATER-COOLED : ut
NN dor. eee llustrated ሀ NOH, is
7988. SHAW. SONS. WW DLYERHA? METON: ፲9.
,ሀ.85፳፳ ster D i BEN ER HAM TUS ED PR PARI. T

— መሙ 9$

ILL WEED. E) DESTROYER

(Raison).
Ahe mE power ከ1. énamdaetured.
"Has larger Sale than aay: bther.:

ALLEN'S NETS

ሺ. እኤ ie ALL. ‘SECTIONS.
“My Collection is completely up:to date, incidir: d

GARDEN & TENNIS NETTING | the: Ace Coetus. vee, Baller Girl,” and 80 the concert E gull! va Bo. galla, of p
Hest tutined, 50680) most), "Sx odes, ie eee ree es — irs des ሂ gall; Sv pails 15: deas gulls’. ጋ ን ና
PRA MUS. Saperdot qualit v. sivari nanak tn Dey, dei |e s ^ BEGONI AS à galle: «e Ss pall Paths omy! dne
— as 18 ለ i ius dne MEA 2 Ad 5 3 | Ae QA ees Collectio E Re t N Ys TARG aeo ‘galis. 88: See: barrel}: dal 88: |
ey 587 ATES c uu viles HaT LR. e $ ic * cen É ሟር
i farne. os bound 88. date በርድ full. vut] i Td X "y AE m T ew ani. peels abd. drums: “charged and: oe PRSE
Bin አ UI አ E UE NEW CACTUS. GERANIUMS.- | POWDER ( un Jo as 909. o ህበ)... -:.

ci Ton 198 ባየና Nettle, abet iuto: ብኔት. hai, 5. t. x
: Melon Nota. Por. NP»: br
| Ste peice fist. Satisfaction — as OMY $

ONSE. 815., RS 3183 yd t8

Foto "e ከ avr Hin ት ፈርድ nik, ሠ፻ብፍያ:-

w OLIVER, ALLEN 4 5085.

— Ne Mapers; © EU
| PORTHLEVEN - --.. CORNWALL

| የህፎጠበነ፣ 089 Miri. Vertieeun.

mi be are quite a Novelty in Zonals, 34 Distinct et
ለ45 own: ta ji

arsos with ffütrcw. pointed 5815.
“introduction:

Also 69: Cikan H Fuchain, ክመ. ን.
= Zoos be, ር. "-

he page ‘Catalogive Post Fs —

m. WOOLMAN, 86. አመ!

oe tns TU! ኻ: e aiU
` 28 tts A8. LE 46 ink E wv cup
Fins ጽም. runs. charged. በከቧ ክል
xr i E vb. orders: mud. iru —
pus — |

dis ። THES GARDENERS CHRONICLE. = E

iu xe Aids to & -o
LC Perfect Garden

-Ate Specialities are ከ561. and ‘recommended by | me Boe

espns They are always: reliable, economical — or WELL

uis side: 809. ane now: ope 55 aaa t ee E
| tequisites, « : 2 — Ys TOM c.

Abel. Non Polastcis. Yoxecticidé yt Air a
<A deuge-kuY- foro Green Fix American. ‘Blight, dod —— DORUM I
cumsetts.. Abit. equal — ——— Mildew: 561 Roses, vete. ከ NN |
eed in the Royal Spartans c $34 a Ma Pts ae 28፡9 ME DUE cow
d ge. da. 851. 8/6.) : ^u aa ae

Abol Patent. Sema ያ EA EA NN a ER —
Give a perfect spray which- aay de: ልያ በ. ። ቂል dien et
Gr epárse, as desired. - Specialiv. እመን መበ by tür Nasional’ OW: y d
Rese Sócisty. Last k hfethn« .. ኣዝ Wate for —
መበ Ux (፻.% PAY AME. Ma: 5 u — de ie. 5 eis 36/4 D sut d. do
he ያ x ፡ n 4

Bee ERHE, Vy ha : 3 3 | : | “Garden.

aie ue መል — ee Wite "y on: a, ይክ ና R A pain and post free.
nasasa and easy to appiy- Simply: pour. own centro ‘path, i

62 the: noni at 23 fiiit OFS: AG 4 doo 5 Cube Bec ደም ን. E tr ber Sold by —
oe, 38. Postage: exti. — ar $ < Amèn Seedsmen, -

Wird Chemists, -

Mi,
¥

and Hop Manure, "aso Abol Horticulburat ከ 01 —— ERA

Abol Weed Killer Poison) | | ane ele Proprietors
— extremely - fer ( and PRAE: VERREM. abes: ነ | ut Manufacturers
ennirely 'écádicates weeds from garden paths and walks. carriage ^ Abol —
drives, Rico pi liquid aud. powder: Taris, borü eqnally eücctvs. - 39, Bali

daguud } adi. {+i gall, 7/0; 3 palle, dee “wer, ape EE. De Wood,

E 209. 5 — gates 35. | 3o alle, B a am "ges BS Benno

The. most. pare: aub. 1999201081. Insecticide. aanutiertreds

Destroys Aphis, Caterpillar, Mildew and alt insect pests.

| This. non-poisorous wash can. be used upon all plants: ‘without the slightest risk of -
qo Mixes nunvediately’ with. water, 80 sediment. 56 impede Sprayer OF —

< INVALUABLE FOR HOPS, ROSES, CHRYSANTHEMUMS, Fic. -

| diede: vt thousands: Df, Pallon. af — vash ! made. af this SR strae used «| ;
፡| ገን Im ው aps years. xt Y

:13 GALLON AG IKES do. GALLONS READY FÖR USE,
— M Ya, wineghisstils: He ‘bucket: vof: water, 54 gallons).
o pion Ep t quang Y pall: s y pall. 8:9፥ 'ቫ gali. 86 per. eal:
am tois. i 3. ቋ wall Carriage pe^ on tal orders 29. upwards,
D^ Sale: Manufacturers :' |

JOSEPH BENTLEY, Là Chemical Works, Barrow-on-Humber, Hull. |

y M fnt bebe " 2 ነ"

; Abel, Special Manures | : BUG ET UNA p በዓለ መመመ” E NE
j LE ‘Roses: Sweet Peas. Daryn eb; ORTUS Panes: ; Stores. ነ. .

Neves from Maidstone.

— '

1 RI SES. |
“Gold Medal; Chelesa, 1925 ums
Gold Medal, R.H.S., 1924 - 1:1

Silper Cup, Chelsea, 1924 — ነ!!;
Gold Medal, Chelsea, 1922 F
| — ርአ — ;

ML

| Y 22009. back ኤና ind ይታ vis VU
E | | Gere Feceiing Awantt for re BEY

2259 dong nE IBOS; bur Hs 52

| d. abrite ute some ፓ those sceith 51 -
made. for bur Famous ያገ — 3
E und gite de (dea f the Japho c ኤደ
ei sanderd (of eur vállechon. dw
VI Hmeever. à far. betler: wa OF s

appreciating thes ፻7 Io “ዝያ pur.
4... Nurseries. where’ Wie: ይሣያ nay
] he seen ገጽ full bloomr ond the =:

* erem

z af E
* ካሎ — N — — — — — T E

—

—
ር — —
>. አወር
* “መጻ 4s.
a — S
=
— —

fi ጫ " <= ንያ z
— — EN —
— —

Mees ete. ——
Pre ማሻ, e

5 n አሃፍፍ

—B "--
ን , * * ነ i X

ERA” great: variety cand - Pigoue Af
| 7118 UE our planis ot: be dern uw ELE
| ኣዘ/| — aac ehe PRU We —
LGM We should be glad ሆ intending ገ ል
SE At tie vastors wold advice us sa that. 1%
LPR ye Re ran arrange for an feo s
p DEN expert: tn e. pretent.. ‘Our NM

4 | Eu Y ;Getaloguecontaining all the Berto E
A: |. iB Dues ወ 3# sent ያ ne. ‹.. 18

ie

sore Busyord ሯ es Lu, 2 3 | i
| . ገ Royal Nurseries, EUSE F A
— — Maidstone. ብ 33

—B8 (worse) "ግ.

4 ነ
ኣዳነ AT ean c m VM
hu ^it m^ M

NT Li LE n ——
Ug ee epe “ሐ! ሾኩ
semen

’ Established 192. 29፡4ከጩ፡ 0) ዘበ. j^

: SOUTH LONDON
. HORTICULTURAL “STORES.

{E SCOTT & SONS

“WOODsI DE, S.E. 25.

ES ፥ ን Deli drag

5 gano., duticient, 82206...

10 oe io is

ay ||!፪ዌ 5607ፐ5 NICOTINE. INSECTICIDE
| Biss pet: gall. ; $ galls. 67/6 ; 1o galis. 339፦

[| STOVE 5 GREENHOUSE PLANTS = -
>| ሲየል[ጸኳ; Crotons, Coladium. Dracmnas, ek. al
sp kinds of Foliage, Flowering ይ Climbing Fun |
The largest ant 780. “መሪ bollecticn dn (e trade, - Pu
L R. RUSSELL, LTD.
Richmond Nurseries, ‘Richmond, —

— Proe

4

= E The literary depariment, and. git

;"naenitisl the sr The p
yai: pel agree by bw gb የ

x — ላ and Editorial, are distinct, a

ee RE TN

"that. shown ' “pt ho

— enda. toliaeted in -aourhecn Fla
DAR "ኮዋ. Dr: Sore —

A ድር T 30,- 1808).
“aithe genus Ao
UPeobabbs it
Phe Ácanthesubal of Ports Almere ie PME.
guardi p eene piunt. udthewdi: 3

LN | | "ዘጽ GA RDENEBS CHRONICLE. x

DE EDITORIAL NOIIOES. WU E dnas. 0659 ብዉ. combination 8 3B jare dr in: the arah ot. e —— —

ADVERTISEMENTS ‘should. be sent 4o hao ኢህ. — ‘eb Britton. and apauet Chere [8 divergent. pisces. ፲. re te fono
PUBLISHER, 5, ‘Tavistock 865955. Covent Heina Plora, 80,. (1020). (he genené © N'enáland. - — |

Garden, W.C.£ =
Lettore. for Poblisation. di ያወ eveciinens o —
i naming, should: he adilresxéed.- to
"mavistook Street, Covent Garden, Lon
Communication. ene Be WRITTEN. “ON DNE ` SIDE
NEY OF THX. PAYER, amt d early dA the: week: —
228806: ‘and duly signed b. i the writer, tf decir, t
"#

— math t, ጋሪ printe ‘but kept ወ t amas ate [2
| Hinatrations. The Editora wili be glud | ù recive በ nd &

9804 Faith,
elect photographa or drawings suiluble far reproduction, .
dM ወያ ሕፈ. on of cemarkuble flowers, tree, e, bua ሠ-
ሌመፈ be responsible for loa or tury A.
èra — Corte?podents sending ቁይ shoul :
፡ Be enrtfid to mark. e paragraphe they. wish the. Totitora - à

AU Bee,
gent ዘአባ 1 በሪሁ
፡ Beggar, Communtoattons a a Maid: Otay:

V. fe —— sed ና
Editors and Pub ishare — ona ent uen xs
:ዐይሦሀ[ሪ — 18 ng uiünbera [o Dir copmheumd- s -
- (cations, and aave ut mich THAR and e, if ley would |
.. kindly observe the: noticé- printed. 1 weekly to th
. -ullieiters relating to Aranci matera ond fb ——
ments: ahondd be addressed, 1o the PUBLISRER ;- መ AA
all cummunirations iutended. for “ረን “ቅ. feforrin
fants t6. be wanie
he tis ése
E | Hc. ‹8፳=.
c ቨርሮብየህ delay ma POMA ribs Wehen. dirus dec

id be direoted tà thui EDITORS,

3 © ,አክዚጠመሁ s BOE Pixscie e SP ——— =

E ae Baki pete’ "Mentel de Renee 3
7, MBs Dr. Proschowsky quoposes dp ve
“southern Y j£ = 28.

iy thé gar. Aranthoaa bal du
: ከ0678. Porto Alegre,
jean A. Gnespitoss

paeepit(fio uses MM የህብ] Duns Vorher s
u$ 4 de ን nnii at Reve ፡
5 Brit iar. omis Wanda ES zik t Kanar

dd d pm "bunt |

e — ud Pal (Fig.

ps > Tea Eig. A80),- dawo from. fbi Us
y Dememm- % ecirnenis, -5 FOU dee s
dk S LOST :

clump du “Demerara 588 probably BED: ከ8 Troia >
fida And dne

Bey cndeseribad ..-
foie, 0 169, tbe plant Inter. described |
Wn wA Berenos. airboreacens: (BHE. Rog.
Phi e. de now plac m
Apol lorraphe, Wands: "(Piurotis]
hme become xeidsly tiste Boret.

Sera y)

— fu

d staterne *

“tes. thet atte . i
Phe fw 288/8918. — እስከ ኣን

p ጠው dübit dud ‘armed. petioles are uso 3
festes HE Avisilorra phe; And the other parts.

ህህ descriptis. ayipear fo beso: eomtormahlo - A Y

go dh opus. -of Wendland ms" i0 raise ' the

.ዉ “be. AWO EER

'ጎኛ enini "4 auent of. Saba: like
| Reet, ይጠ xxvii M4

a ES RORY - even. in the abàenei ot 'ፀከ[ሀ፲፡81.:

hagnpees, “of! 808998 guid. “መ, of the ‘identity -

ነ! Vd SD

"Phe: panus ሯን. እ... ies
bas: 17.

M) J (187 e where.

MT "p; due
ae Webi, a

LIAL inferesting spray

Bund “ርብ being, ጸር. 191. in. plera xb tbe. She: Fate aperi cof. Aoeldii phe: patie) 21/56 ie —
ጠበ ዲበ ር]ርዲቦከህ, iehi ሯ. —— — — Besani ary AL Wright: apparently ` “gy
Vlist A 6፡፦ፁ:.8] ves Ay: Wendland. E. herbarium,’ dühen us
oo Ebi and. A arborosvetts.: Bee, (ጽርርኒከከ8 arimo
| ፀሠርበክኳ) Sarg) ue native: im southarn Piormda: Sube

m of. AWendland 48 by no. mon: à

5 ፡፡፡ x ii (o seguiady ("The Palms: adiac to: (nba -
-ndem Wendlind said: x —— — de ከሠ ኮጣሂዛሮ ተለ Whether tyr iss ans distort: =

oln, Amd: anparenty- hé pe
` diagnoses Joi the dos
deg. dit

Ry B DS hewhver, "ait: holds the’ perit. "ዜ።. 57፳፲፤ '
* ay RIVER prope charcers TA ! [ 3የ9/8«፲9|- EE | riesdits - bis: both do p ce
: ims a — fime Ns Weirton: ae Opts may. Gn. depen ient :

| : 400041... who c
Vie had c exopplional. | — 6: Gedy
a TPuhne, tegadle then ecw Adia
SURE uer

. Florida; © Bahamas rel; Cuba.
d “te. wall fint ፡፦ Nrabtu tonem ;
OB XX 61-70... 39221. VAS MATES

DS

vd w*irevae - southern . : Fiori

rg is. cas striking ^ plant
; Maps, À esu
5 This Palm.

^ VR sd nul ion Sun | seen :
DUE 11 be interesting
-odniormafuen as: te he:
| frara Southern) Brasil
may. pes posui d

gteveibg. 38
up Bender jarag -
eanitiétilly | warlby. cof xA
— itowdothevel o
gw ta have furiher >
‘ynlagion | ol. the, ‘plant -
And! hate Jis istori. ;
: MAR Batley, 20626. NYC. : .

~s

2 1 ati uis yer 2m
— visit. "po: Bays otwith -- ፪ከ።. —
thee. untural:. -history;.-
Mo co I —— Agaieni utes “በሺ dioctusdturo | ai that. Aclightfal
Love tere eese መ D a ce iteratie ‘welded. ‘Tura: Gentas — ES
: | beghern, und. Hore fin “the. ovitivent journey i F i e
ር. .. Plorenee,; Bologna: Padua. Yenice. MER gi P:
<p ye ENT Siy A 311186 Being - ARON thie: thare —
EUN places wiated. dn ovs return. CV. opis:

36 ን በበሂድፀ' ክዝዮቦ ‘made 0). avery, place. the een
Fe ee PES | NS “being” eurelully trsmseribid fromm. በ3. ROO adii
— | ዘከ1፻: the, facte wert stik- dresh = aud. pain
xod. from those. Momoria. H
T Mie Trace “nbtewarthy. - eae NUM is
*— ‘Perhaps. the thmg elit ru. at ek.
x - 4, abe: doni rast..- Petete. tbe ፀ19፳ደሁ eade
vat ;Boutlient Enam ang those pio. 2

“Duane. hé | indi POEM

— =

. hus ANA e
፡ . a" d ሽ pá
: » ' d
— — — — — T Ab. En E ባዩህ — — ረዳ — ር — — ገ - ያ...
— Sai Saint — — TE MEET ት ንመ et 5 =i F
i NEN } ፋ — ው A * — * ዶሪ
ሕር eT £2 ሚፍ See oe Soe ና ቁር UNA e T
— e : SE * TIAE owe ጋች ም መረው = ወ“ E 7
—— — ^ — — — wh
b vat 5 — — se 5 E
$ 2 3 z ማቅ ምን A tá Zr
MR — ou"

pee

ኳ

ኢሊ
—“—

m ay foy. ht: pi

—
ፄው

ምት ac

— — —

eA papemally” n relation 46: ‘the. julie a Pavers —
: t. Har the Italian’ pensant: 3: weet ^
—

Pig facte d

X indiferenta 48 ... ‘Hie flever-bed. : ገባዛይ! ,
“struck. others as well aa miset b ier Ti
ahe ns. maie” hx dw - wh av)

.. በየ [በጅ aped] ;

mean’ ከር] hing 30 e. eonage In x Pos:
e Wolof greund | peur. t lage
Genhivnted.

s with nme eure der. fwe aske oF
a mind a ehedv-Erodd vesehables: but . AX Y
EN SN in. pertes dian oue: ‘must. nat lank: üt. (Ade n ue
^C oeasts holding. Dd my Helani und. dese 5
| fallssurmiüued. ponders’. dps ፡ ሽ0ነና.9ኤ. quay es
eer. Ste the publie - gardens ef. በ017 áownua: ae:
$ Wlan, de lorries, cr T Rent: wiere Cinema?
o 18ቦዕክርክጨ:ት' dolis, ;Felergoninms 99861! oret
t. enl enosent plants: "Binteisdr. abutalantly: || Hee $
. dig anngnificodt Mranata | TRAE He: dagh ፡89፻:. He
— “anil Btn. Sonen ao Palrio mag
Agaa ሀከር Oleander ሠ ሽክ üt.
, ovulenee,- “phe ‘Oriental — tAn. dimer X
sions dur. ci&eeedirg ^ hose: ignali usd. 5 5ኳ ^ 2

jo: Cuba” A. ridi: ? eu owen

itte igs characterised: only. in o key ee “thee 2j SBE d 1913); es similar, eorr — tile ከ. England; xil. A^ dec 5 Hare | ita Aet c

— group, and: withon ነከ. ihe. pau: - Sargent in. Treks “ይ: Shrubs, M PLT: ho HUE ect Sd peto
of 4 porien s Thes — M uy .sdtbout o :.. position - die^ vininitadris 4 jn the current edition- =- dale; hawayer, ዘ" ais 48199: by vpmipntisas 5

séeogtition omnib. taken up 53 Ee Brezari, ds “at Nite Manat f he” Trese. of Norik Amcriea eh fedt hem. the sth point 81: The
| bbia. dig OT! PIRI pom dica. duly: WR: (1922] i ከር. ኪህሠጠ ሎ ig. RUAN AE dy: Pathe = RE E 18 dn 1 — Behind. igo.
1 | eharactérizad, - end fwo: Species. described, the) Torre: 69. furs, Tena: 5 S íphiragnamien m, 87. Anon E 16. ሆርሯቦ(8ከ1፡5. 8.1. *
genus "being. ‘orfod 996. AWendland'« heri ; 1900) MOEN Tae 4 Ades: sani and Belik. n
. bneium 2 8 m gut: 4d genre. Aedelorrhaplo: Pra E — 4 i kay AVE x labii tha Aceder: 5 Sassnirtisent dift በተቁ) ss
፡ የሆ Solo: stake: (ዘቋዛፀ 1 ti omni 9d. atpgilierdo : ገባቹ: is Sabil ‘like and, HAR carm penale obertures Radish.

moans: erbari da. ይር Wendland duda. ር ደ አፈር "oBeoeurieonsidors it ism ücien fly ገ] Motive hae wo Binds. WE ‘Tunnipss Japani

*5፣.5ው

dons Wrights. ያ
ር 33 ዜር. 3213). 2

= Paurotis: du Memo piri. 86 — V
-የይሦሆ-. 6. Pa

prs EE, apa adis Oe ለ PE 22...

"iu. 102 0. P. Oak Ooni. Abo, emis

im. pollacted ’ : የ01. ros.
Themas, natning ip ም... inidroshdn . "This. |

int

x — Tritton: wonsid prs. ii, Doereyay villis QM በ968.
ta hes the eli. Lopernivie ዒባ Fight aut ' QN

rm Nar i

- በከነሰኮህጻ. dt Paukut OMrihtin and it go standa
38 bi COORG : as dns NUI — ae d

#7 ህ%'/ሃላ!›፤
Uomo
Heal

“the peenlionties of her Jones

from: with + Pt Che ami

GM
qudd ያ9፡- shor ry

18171 ነ

mud. "818%: Che: “Artichokes: es Brow
ከበክኩበ።፤ (mit 161885... 316566) = the
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Chane

398

bicolor, being pale at the base and dark or
even blackish towards the apex in the
Ovalifoliae, while the forms of the Glaucae
mostly have uniformly yellowish, light brown,
or straw-coloured bracts which sometimes
become reddish or purplish towards their
apex, -but never become really fuscous or
blackish. They bear, too, a different kind
of pubescence.

In the Ovalifoliae, as I have already
explained (i. ር.). it consists of rather long,
straight, silky hairs, of which at least the
uppermost are of about the same length as
the bract, which on its surface often become
nearly glabrous In the Gleucae the hairs
are comparatively shorter, less straight, and
rarely distinctly silky, but are often softer
and sometimes a little curly. The surface of
the bracts is more or less covered with
pubescence, and they are rarely distinctly
ciliated at the apex with long, silky hairs.
As a whole the habit of the rpecies is
different, too. Most members of the Glaucae
group are rather stiff, but sometimes they
are low shrubs with erect branches more like
our 8. lanata or S. Lapponum. There are,
however, dwarf forms of procumbent habit,
too, like S. fullertonensis, which seems to be
an entirely prostrate shrub with very slender
prostrate branches. Similar forms occur with
S. cordifolia, as I shall explain later. ' They
often resemble S. Myrsinites in habit.

A peculiar species is 8. chlorolepis from
the Gaspé Peninsula, a locality well explored
by Fernald, who detected some interesting
Willows on the famous Mount Albert. R.
chlorolepis comes very near 8. brachycarpa
(syn. S. stricta), a western species widely
spread through the whole length of the

cky Mountains. It may be in cultivation
in some European collections, and it is a
graceful and well-marked species of bushy,
much-branched habit and small, narrow
leaves, the largest of which are hardly up

to 45 cm. long and 1:2 cm. wide. The
young shoots are more or less downy.
I have tried’ to give a key for ,the

determination of these difficult forms in Bot.
Gaz. LXVII (January, 1919), and they: are
also described in the main keys in Journ.
Arn. Arb.. ITI (October, 1921). It needs a
great deal of .experience to distinguish these
forms that often look so closely similar at
first sight.’ To separate S. brachycarpa
from certain forms of S. pseudolapponum, or
vice-versa, is almost impossible for anybody
not fully acquainted with the characters of
this group. Iti may be that under cultivation
they behave differently. There are certainly
a great many intermediate forms of hybrid
origin, as is the case among our European
Willows. Those American species need a very
close study by arboriculturists who have
the opportunity of observing them in their
native places. The flora of such a large
mountain range as. the Rocky Mountains is
far from being well known. Botanists like
Rydberg have only. given just & sketch of
their own observations and prior statements.
Species like S. niphoclada and S. desertorum,
both nearly allied to S. brachycarpa and S.
pseudolapponum, still puzzle the most skilled
galicologist.

Whether there is any true S. glauca in
the New World at all is difficult to decide
in the present state of our knowledge of the
Old World forms of this species. It may be
that such an eminent salicologist as Enander
could decide this question. There are, in
my opinion, a g many forms in Alaska
and the Yukon Territory that can hardly be
separated from forms of northern Asia and
Europe, but I have kept them so far as
var. acutifolia and var. glabrescens. The
first is called S. Seemannii by Rydberg. I
regard my statements as rather provisional,
and I am sure it would help us very much
if so many forms as possible were introduced
from North-eastern America so that we might
study the degree of variability on cultivated
specimens. Some of these forms appear to
be of a singular beauty owing to the

THE GARDENERS

pubescence and colour of their elliptic-
lanceolate leaves, and the straight, cylindrical,
silky. aments [that mostly appear with the
leaves or even a little later. The American
S. glauca seems to form rather bushy, erect
shrubs up to 15 m. high. The older
branchlets often become of a shining
castaneous colour.

S. cordifolia, of eastern North America, is
of a different habit, forming low, sturdy
bushes or even dwarf, almost prostrate shrubs.
It is a widely distributed and apparently
very variable species extending from southern
Greenland to Labrador and Newfoundland.
There is a very interesting variety, var.
Macounii (syns. 8. Macounii, S. Rydbergii,
and S. vacciniformis), with rather small leaves
growing on dry rocky limestone barrens.

The section Wolfianae is represented by
one peculiar species only: S. Wolfii. This
forms .an erect, densely-branched bush up
to 1 m. high, with short, downy twigs
and narrow elliptic-lanceolate leaves measuring
up to 20 mm. in length and hardly more
than 7 mm. wide. It has been referred to
section Cordatae or even Commutatae, but
the male flowers possess a dorsal gland. In
this respect it comes near the section Mexicanae,
to which only a few Mexican species belong
which have such dorsal glands, and in the
structure of the female flowers it much
resembles the species of the Cordatae. 8.
Wolfii and its variety idahoensis are of interest
to any collector of Willows.

‘Section Cordatae, which contains a number
of difficult forms, I am not well acquainted
with. S. irrorata is the best and one mecom-
mended for gardens on account of its branchlets,
which are covered with a glaucous bloom
like our S. daphnoides, but, of course, this
latter belongs to an entirely different group.
S. irrorata is a native of New Mexico, Colorado,
and south-western Texas, and would, there-
fore, be hardy only in the warmer parts of
Central Europe. It forms dense, diffuse shrubs
with stout branches up to 3 m. high. A
very common Willow of the Central United
States is S. missouriensis, growing in the
valleys of the Missouri and Mississippi rivers,
and representing a vigorous S. cordata, which
has been known in Europe for more than
a century. These Willows are of no peculiar
value compared with many well-known
European species.

Of much greater horticultural merit are
some species of the section Adenophyllae. To
it also belongs S. Chamissonis from Alaska, a
creeping species with finely and closely serrated
leaves, the teeth of which are, however, not
distinctly glandular as in 8. adenophylla.
It would be of great interest to introduce
S. Chamissonis. S. adenophylla (S. syrti-
cola), which is widely distributed from
Keewatin and the North East Territory to

‘Labrador and through the region of the

Great Lakes, was introduced long ago. It is
well marked by the dense, glandular serration
of the leaves, which are covered with long,
whitish, silken hairs on both surfaces. The
shoots are even more densely silky, with the
exception of some glabrous forms. With ite
cordate-ovate leaves closely set on the branch-
lets, this species forms loosely branched shrubs
up to 15 m. high. Its western counterpart
is 8. commutata from Oregon to Southern
Alaska, of which the leaves are almost entire.
Both have glabrous ovaries and filaments,
which are pilose in S. Eastwoodiae and S.
orestera from California. The lower, smaller
leaves of S. Eastwoodiae show a serration
similar to that of S. adenophylla.

The section Balsamifera is so far represented
by only one species, S. pyrifolia (syns. S.
balsamifera, and S. Columbiae), found in the
region from Newfoundland and Southern
Labrador westward to the Winnipeg region,
but also further to the west in Saskatchewan,
British Columbia, and the south-western part
of the North West Territories. It has dark,
shining, castaneous branchlets, and the leaves,
which have a balsamic odour when expanding.
show a distinct reticulation of the under-

CHRONICLE.

JUNE 6, 1925.

surface. This has been introduced but seems
to have disappeared again. According to
Sargent, it is beautiful in winter when the
bright scarlet buds make the shining branches
conspicuous.

Some of the finest species are met with in
the section Chrysantheae, of which S. lanata
is the type. l am by no means convinced
that all the American species I at present
refer to in this section really belong to one
natural group. The affinity of S. lanata is
very differently judged by our best salico-
logists. The following species seem to me
of greater horticultural value than S. lanata,
which according to Bean “is one of the
handsomest of dwarf Willows, especially in
spring, when the silver foliage and golden
catkins are in admirable contrast.”

The most beautiful species of this section
seems to be S. alaxensis, a Willow from
Alaska, the Yukon Territory and parts of

Northern British Columbia, and which
received the significant name of S. speciosa
from Hooker and Arnott in 1832. But un-

fortunately this name had been used four
years earlier by Host for quite a different
tree. It forms large shrubs or slender trees
sometimes almost up to fifteen metres in
height, but the trunk is never more than
twenty-five centimetres in diameter. As Miss
A. Eastwood states, it is most beautiful in
flower and the flowering trees swarm with
various Lepidoptera, Diptera, and Hymen-
optera. In the var. longistylis the twigs
(which in the type are tomentose) have
a decidedly blue colour from the presence
of a conspicuous bloom. The leaves are
covered underneath with a handsome white,
dense, soft, felt-like pubescence. The styles
are rather long, much resembling those of
8. Barrattiana which is well marked by its
semi-cordate persistent stipules which are
densely glandular.serráte along the entire
margin. S. Barrattiana comes from high
mountain slopes in rather wet ground in
Alberta and British Columbia, where it forms
low shrubs of about the same habit as $.

lanata. The same long styles are found in

S. Richardsonii from Alaska and the North.
West territories, and in its eastern counter-
art S. calcicola from Ontario, Quebec,

brador and Newfoundland. The last
seems to be of rather prostrate habit, while
S. Richardsonii, with its stout, hairy, young
twigs, the large but acute, persistent glan-
dular-serrate stipules and the smooth leaves,
grows more erect. Camillo Schneider.

(To be continued).

BAMBOOS,
THESE include Arundinaria, Bambusa, and
Phyllostachys, and are amongst the most

beautif ıl of ornamental foliage shrubs. They
are hardier than is usually supposed, but
suffer more from cold winds than low
temperature, hence, in selecting a site for
them, some protection from the north and
east should be ensured.

Although ordinary soil
like most other plants,

suits them, they.
give the greatest

satisfaction when they receive generous
treatment, and to get good results they
should ከ6 watered copiously and fed

liberally during the growing season.

If transplanting or division of the clumps
is necessary, it should be done at this
828800, when growth is commencing, as the:
plants will then grow away freely without
feeling any ill-effects of the disturbance.
Give the roots a liberal watering so soon as
re-planting is finished, and mulch them with
short manure. Clumps which need no
transplanting should have some of the old
growths removed to give the new culms
reasonable room to develop.

Arundinaria japonica is a good species of
free growth. and soon forms a thick mass
with gracefully-arching branches and broad.
dark-green leaves.

A. nitida is a choice species, but should be
planted in partial shade. Its slender, purple-

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a Sima Frits, Seibel wi be Faid te respond ?ዐ-1 J
the sprciat. tress menr; the: tit, AOT and mui ;

much o.
56 56 Ibs. 18 -i 55 hes Ho.
ET y Carriage Pak Pad

| " በ5131 f ETS! !! NETS! 1!

| Bed ዘ Heavy Ts — arden Wats, l'mesh. For ——

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— Estimates. and: 581.0 ples on application.

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Many Rare. end Choice Varieties: Sis

‘STOVE AND: GREENHOUSE PLANTS OF ALL KINDS.

Kindiy setuid’ far Catalogus:

JAMES CYPHER ል SONG.
Exotic — CHELTENHAM.

a 5* 1 * 5:
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54 ከ — ክን a ኝ. PS / A e x
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— — u— — Semana RICO -
z ; OA Lae ce rS

JUNE 6, 1925.

brown stems, furnished with short branches,
are clothed with rich, vivid-green leaves.

Bambusa fastuosa is a tall-growing species
with distinct plume-like habit, frequently
reaching a height of fifteen-feet. The stems
are short.jointed and well-furnished with
leaves of a bright green above and distinctly
glaucous beneath.

B. palmata is a strikingly handsome
plant of a dwarf habit and free growth. It
is useful for planting in the shade, and
soon forms a dense clump.

Phyllostachys flexuosa is an effective plant.

growing about twelve -feet — high, with
handsome, glaucous leaves.

P. nigra has slender, blackish coloured
stems, often fifteen-feet high, with small,
deep-green leaves. W. Auton.

STUARTIAS.

Tar Stuartias, or Stewartias as the generic
name is sometimes spelt, are represented in
our gardens by six species. Four are natives
of tho East and two come from tho Eastern
United States.

S. Malachodendron
Illustration), a
virginica, is a
United States.

(see Supplementary
synonym of which is 8.
native of the South-Eastern
According to Mark Catesby.
author of The Natural History of
California, the subject of the illustration
was flowering in his garden at Fulham in
1742, though it is still far from comipon in
our gardens.

It is a deciduous shrub or
to some eighteen feet to

small
twenty

tree up
feet in

height. The leaves are two inches to four
inches long, ovate or obovate: the flowers
ure solitary. borne singly from the leaf-axils
in July and August; they are three. inches
to four inches across with five white petals
and a central cluster. of purplish stamens.

The largest specimen I have seen 18

twenty feet high. growing in a

Iver Heath. Buckinghamshire.
The second species. native of the Southern

nearly
garden at

United States, is S. pentagyna, a deciduous
shrub ten feet to fifteen feet in height.
The leaves are ovate up to five. inches

long, the flowers borne singly during Auzust
in the. leaf-axils; they are cream-coloured,
sometimes with a tint of red on the outside ;
three inches to four inches across, with a
central cluster of yel'ow stamens. The variety
grandiflora is distinguished by conspicuous
purple stamens and a larger flower.

S. Pseudo-camellia is one of the tallest
members of the genus, the rival being S.
sorrata, also from Japan. Professor Sargent
records trees in Japan up to fifty feet in
height. In cultivation it is readily distinguished
from the American species by the upright
habit of growth. The ovate leaves are two
inches to three-and-a-half inches long, the
white cupped blossoms two inches to two-and-
a-half inches across, with orange-coloured
stamens. They are produced in August.

During his 1901 expedition to China Mr.
E. H. Wilson collected seeds of a new species,
since named S. sinensis. He describes it as
a deciduous bush or small tree ranging from
six feet to thirty feet in height; native of
Eastern Szechuan and Western Hupeh. The
oval leaves are two inches to two-and-a-half
inches long, the flowers white, one-and-a-half
inch to two inches in diameter. The first
flowers I saw of this species were sent 10
Kew in July, 1917, from & Devonshire garden.

Two other species aro in cultivation, both
natives of Japan, viz. S. serrata, said to bo
ዜ common, wild tree, fifty feet to seventy-five
feet high, and S. monadelpha, with which the
new Chinese species S. sinensis was confused
when first introduced.

The scarcity of good specimen Stuartias in
our gardens suggests that care 18 necessary
in the selection of suitable positions and soils
for planting. Seeds, if obtainable, provide the
bost means of increase: failing these. layering
one or two of the lower branches and insert-
ing cuttings under a bell-glass during July
cr August may be resorted to.

የጽ GARDENERS’

A light, well-drained, loamy soil suits Stuartias,
to which should be added leaf-mould and
peat when preparing the stations for planting.
Not being easy subjects to transplant successfully
voung plants should be placed in their
permanent positions early und allowed ample
space for their subsequent development. The in-
tervening ground may be planted with Ericas
or small-leaved Rhododendrons. which serve
both as a protection to the young plants and
to keep the soil surface cool. 4A O.

PRUNUS SERRULATA SEKIYAMA.

THe Japanese Cherries have flowered pro-
fusely in Kew Gardens this year, and none
of them, perhaps. was more
the above variety. of which there are four
large spreading trees on a low mound between
the Palm house and the large lake. These
trees were in perfection on May 9, and very

conspicuous from afar. The flowers are
double, fully two inches across without
spreading out the petals, and bright pink

when fully expanded. They are produced in
clusters of three to four on long stalks, and
are drooping, which may in n measure be
due to their great weight. The variety does
not appear in nursery lists which 1 have,
but it may be compared to P. serrulata
Hizakura or P. s. Hisakura, as the name is
variously spelt. J. F.
PIPTANTHUS NEPALENSIS.

'THis fine shrub or small tree, referred to
by W. 4. on p. 374. is. unfortunately, not
so free-fHlowering everywhere as your corre-
spondent has experienced. I have known it
in a good number of northern gardens and
it has not proved satisfactory. It js not too
hardy, and even where it is not badly cut
in winter, it «does not flower with the
wealth of bloom it gives your contributor.
It is for northern gardens far inferior to the
best forms of the Laburnum. Where it blooms
satisfactorily, it is, however. very fine. S. Arnott.

ALPINE GARDEN.

DIANTHUS FREYNII.

THis tiny plent in silver and pink. ኡ a
lovely little species, quite at home in the
moraine: [ have grown it with success in

the rock-garden, in 8 well-drained, light and
sandy soil and with a surfacing of chipping,
and thus treated it will require a sheet of
glass placed over it as a protection from
winter damp. Grown in & pan with a few
stones nround it, it is delightful.

The silvery grey cushion is closely studded
with myriads of pearly-pink flowers in the
flowering season. and it may be described
as an edition in silver of D. microlepis.
D. Freynii is fairly easy to propagate from
cuttings inserted in late summer.

[ should describe this Dianthus as one of
the most beautiful members of a wholly
beautiful family. The plant flowers in spring
and early summer. Ralph E. Arnold.

SAXIFRAGA GRANULATA FLORE
PLENO.

Tut old plant, the double form of our
native Saxifraga granulata, is not now
frequently seen in gardens. yet it is of very
considerable beauty in the rock garden. It
was included in the exhibit of Mr. W.

‘Wells, jr., at the recent Chelsea Show, but

often met with at

because it is not
sufficiently rare or effective. Yet it is a
good plant with its double white flowers
standing well above its pretty kidney-shaped
leaves, with the bulbils by which increase
of this double form is effected. as well as
bv division.

The single form, rarely found in rock
zardens, is a charming plant, but not every-
one wil agree with the late Mr. Reginald
Farrar’s dictum that it is lovelier than the
double form. The single S. granulata grows
wild in. Teesdale, and, - curiously enough, 1
have had plants sent me from the coast of

it is not
probably

these shows,
considered

CHRONICLE.

effective than -

399

“the Southern. Highlands "--of Scotland. It
appears to like a moist position. 11 is a
pleasing subject for the lower flats of the
roek garden. and is quite useful in a border
of mixed hardy flowers. Its height, . is
generally six or eight inches.

OXALIS ADENOPHYLLA.

From correspondence I find there is rather
a widespread belief that the delightful pink
Oxalis adenophylla is more. tender than O.
enneaphylla, its congener from Patagonia
and the Falklands, O. adenophylla hailing
from Valdivia. But I have not found this
to be the case; even when the plant . has
been subjected to wet winters, unprotected
by glass or other shelter, it has been un-
scathed when other subjeets of reputed
hardiness have succumbed to the fickleness
of the season. But there is a great differ-
ence in the preferences of these two Wood
Sorrels in regard to sunshine. O.. adeno-
phylla loves the full sun and will only give
real satisfaction when exposed to the solar
rays ,while O. enneaphylla delights in shade.

Last year I visited a garden where the
two species were planted in practically the

same conditions. Both were growing in
shade and while O. enneaphylla grew and
bloomed splendidly, E. adenophylla was

evidently unhappy, for it was straggly and
bloomed sparsely. whereas it ought to be
compact and turf-like and almost covering

its silvery leaves with its exquisite little
pink flowers poised above the foliage. I am

growing it in fullest sun and in a ‘pocket "
low down in loam and leaf-mould with, sand
and grit intermixed. This rooting medium
appears to suit it well.

1 look upon O. adenophylla as one of the
most exquisite of all our. alpine flowers and
feel confident that any who try. it it full
sun will have reason to be delighted with
it. S. Arnott. |

HELIANTHEMU M5.

Frew plants present a more brilliant sight
than the Sun Roses when grown in masses.
Charming evergreen plants. of a dwarf
habit. they are well adapted far the rock
or wall garden and as margins to beds of
dwarf-growing. shrubs. A bank sloping south
suits them admirably as it is only when
exposed to the sun that they flower freely.

With the exception of H. formosum, which
forms a much-branched. shrub three feet or
four feet high, the Helianthemums are dwarf
and compact-growing.

The flowers are borne in great profusion;
they range in colour from white and yellow
to rich crimson and amongst later intro-
ductions are double-flowered kinds. Amongst
the best garden varietics are Amabile, deep
rose; Cupreum, copper colour; Golden Queen,
rich yellow; Rose Queen, pure rose; Sudbury
Gem, crimson; Sunbeam, brilliant red, and
Salmon Queen, a beautiful variety.

The Helianthemums are of easy culture
and succeed in any ordinary garden soil,
which must, however, be well drained.

Propagation is readily effected by means of
cuttings of half-ripened shoots, which should
be inserted in sandy soil in late June or
July, and placed in a cold frame. A stock
may also be raised from seeds. W. Auton.

SAXIFRAGA BATHONIENSIS.

THis beautiful red Saxifraga is a very
popular plant, and provides a bright patch
of colour during April and May. The
flowers open a vivid carmine, but, unfortu-
nately, the colour fades in bright sunshine.
No rockery should be without a few clumps
of it. When established. the plant spreads
freely and may be increased by division.
Propagation can also be carried out during
late summer by inserting cuttings in sandy
soil and standing them im a shady frame.
It makes a pretty edging plant when used
around Forget-me-nots and yellow Tulips.
Charles Hodyson, Acton Place Gardens,
Sudbury, Suffolk.

400
HARDY FLOWER BORDER.

LAMIUM ORVALA ALBA. |

Tus handsome plant appeared as a seed.
ling in a neighbour’s garden a few years
ago. A cutting struck from the original
specimen is now a fine clump nearly two
feet high and as much across, and each of
its sturdy, upright stems is whorled almost
from base to tip with the large, helmeted
flowers. These are a pure creamy white,
silky in texture and show none of the
purple of the type. F

Though L. Orvala alba differs mainly from
the type in the colour of its flowers, its
foliage is a paler green and slightly smaller,
the whole plant having a more refined
ap ce.
or & partially shaded spot in the mixed
border, or & choice place in the woodland,
this new-comer is a decided acquisition.
Whether it wil furnish white-flowered seed-
lings I have not ascertained, but it is easily
propagated by cuttings or division. 4. T.
Johnson.

(NURSERY NOTES.

KNAP HILL NURSERY, WOKING.

THE firm of Anthony Waterer, Knap Hill,
Woking, has claims to be included amongst
the most famous of British nurserymen, and
its several principals will always occupy
prominent places in the list of pioneers who
have made us a nation of gardeners. The
place ከ88 a long history, for it has been in
existence as a nursery for more than one
hundred years. the founder being one
Michael Waterer, who was succeeded by
Hosea Waterer. The most famous member
of the family was Anthony Waterer, senr..
father of the late Mr. Anthony Waterer and
of Mr. Hosea Waterer. who has lately
succeeded to the business. Thus it comes
about that a second owncr bears the name
of Hosea Waterer, but, as will be seen from
cur advertisement columna, the place is in
the market so that the name of Knap Hill
may soon cease to have any horticultural
connection except that it will linger long in
the memory and occupy a prominent place
in the annals of gardening. It is claimed to
he the oldest establishment in England in
whieh the cultivation of American plants is
made a speciality; at the present time it
has an area of some _ one-hundred-and-fifty
acres.

Trees and shrubs of all kinds, including
Conifers, are included in the stock cultivated
in this Surrey nursery. but by far the most
important subjects grown are Rhododendrons
and Azaleas, indeed, Knap Hill and the
name of Waterer have been associated with
these beautiful flowering shrubs for so long
that Rhododendrons and Waterer are almost
synonymous terms.

Mr. Anthony Waterer, senr. waz one of
the outstanding horticulturists of the Victorian
era, and his fame was as wide in the
United States of America and on the
Continent as it was in this country. So
long ago as 1832 he raised a hybrid Rhodo-
dendron between R. arboreum and R.
caucasicum, and in the years that succeeded
scarcely one passed without the introduction
of new varieties of both Rhododendrons and
Azaleas, and it is said that so high was his
standard that anything he sent into
commerce was certain to be an improvement
on older sorts. He raised a new race
of Azaleas from the Californian R. occiden-
talis; and both he and his successors have
engaged in the breeding of these beautiful,
floriferous shrubs with such = success that
some of the most charming varieties in
existence have been originated by them.

The late Mr. Anthony Waterer was also a
noted breeder of both Rhododendrons and

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

Azaleas, and at the present time there is in
the nursery some of the most charming
sorta in existence, none of them named, but
the envy of all who see them. They are
known as the Knap Hill hybrids, and are

principally the result of crossing Ghent
Azaleas with Azalea mollis, and Ghent
Azaleas with <A. occidentalis. Like many

other famous nurseries, and especially tree
and shrub nurseries, the place suffered great
neglect during the war years, it being
impossible to find labour to do the necessary
transplanting, with the result that hosts of

fine trees and shrubs of all kinds were
completely spoiled. Greater care, however,

was talen with the seedling Rhododendrons
and Azaleas, and the latter have been
collected together by Mr. Hosea Waterer,
who has succeeded Mr. Anthony Waterer,
junr., in the ownership, and of the very
large numbers he has selected some five-
hundred-and-sixty, all distinct and all of
merit. None of “these, unfortunately, ከ88
been given a name, but at present they are
all being grown under their seedling numbers. In
many cases the individual flowers are of extra-
ordinary size for Azaleas and the majority
have large, well-formed trusses, "sitting," as

the Azalea enthusiast terms it, well on the
foliage. The colours defy description; suffice
it to say that they are of all the most
glorious shades imaginable. Usually the
upper petal is of a different. shade to the

others; for instance, in one variety with a
big round truss the flowers are of old ros:
shado with the upper petal blotched with
orange and in this particular sort there were

no fewer than nine pips in the truss.
Another pink variety had a truss almost us
big as that of R. Fink Pearl. The colour is

light pink and deeper at tho odges with a
beautiful golden flush on the upper petal.
Another glorious variety had white flowers
with a yellow blotch and so on, the shades
of yellow, orange. rose, pink, deep red and
scarlet-—to name only a few of the tints—
equalling anything found amongst flowering
shrubs. One variety with an extra big truss
has cerise-pink petals with the whole of the
upper petal colcured orange-bronzc.

Azaleas of all types exist in this famcus
nursery. ln one quarter is a big breadth of
& late-flowering R. viscosum, the plants just
opening their beautiful white flowers, which
promise later to completely hide the foliage.
Here one may also see magnificent specimens
of some of the older species and varieties
of the family and one that stood out con-
spicuously was a big bush of Azalea rustica
‘fl. pl. while a splendid specimen of the
double-blue Rhododendron fastuosum 8. pl.
in ful bloom was a spectacle of great
magnificence. Many of these old plants have
received no attention for years, but even
in their unkempt condition they were of
imposing grandeur, to which their handsome
evergreen foliage contributed largely.

The soil at Knap Hill is so suited to
Rhododendrons and Azaleas that they seem
to flourish everywhere and never before have

we seen Rhododendron Pink Pearl present
such a glorious picture. A large, circular
area with four equi-distant paths leading

to a central circular ከርበ was wholly planted
with this variety. which was at its maximum
of beauty, so that the effect may well he
imagined. There are several other seedlings
of the Pink Pearl type, some darker pink
and others lighter pink, but they all seem
to have the slight defect of an unduly long
petiole which causes the truss to be a little
floppy.

if one wishes to study the improvement
that has taken place amongst Rhododendrons
and Azaleas there is ‘ample opportunity to
do so, in the Knap Hill Nursery for large

numbers of the older morts are still grown,
generally as a specimen here ano there in
the beds and borders. For example: the
cld Pauls) Duchess of York was noticed,

also rosea elegans and = atro-sanguineum, both
of the Catawbiensis* bre^d, and in another

JUNE 6, 1923.
spot we noticed the old variety Duchess of
Bedford, and George Hardy of the Aucklandii
type. Some of these veterans have grown
to very large size and very noble they
appear, but when they are compared with
some of the modern types it becomes
obvious how much we owe to such men as
Anthony Waterer and his forbears.

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

The Horticultural Exhibitor.

So far as we can remember there are only
two Books devoted especially to the needs
of horticultural exhibitors and these are
greatly dissimilar in character. The earlier
book, entitled The Book of the Flower Show,
was written by Mr. Charles H. Curtis, and

is one of a series of horticultural hand-
books published by John Lane. It deals
with rules for floral and horticultural

societies, methods of arrangement and display,
pointing and judging, regulations for ex-
hibitors, etc.. ete., whereas in the new book*
Mr.. A. J. Macself devotes most of his space
to cultural methods whereby a grower may
become a succossful competitor. Super-
cultivation and exceptional attention to
details ar» the points the author emphasises

in many ways and his *'don'ts" are 88
interesting as his *do's."
The national flower comes in for a large

measure of attention. and rightly so: indeed
the Rose is dealt with in two long chapters.
The other sections of the book deal with
Hardy Herbaceous Flowers; Hinte on Cutting.
Packing, and Other Points of Importance ;
Florists’ Flowers; a Further Group of Florists’
Flowers: Annuals; Pot Plants; Spring
Flowers in Pots and Pans; Spring Bulbs:
Flowers of Autumn; Vegetables; Fruit; and
Artistic Floral decoration. lìn this last
chapter the author very rightly pleads for
originality, and he advises his readers to
“carry out your own ideas, adopt a style of
your own prompting. and avoid even the
attempt to copy others.”

Tho task which the author has set himself
is no light one, but within the compass of
his own design he has fulfilled his purpose.
It is doubtful whether any author could
give every exhibitor all the information
desired, but we believe every competitor will
find some valuable information in Mr. Mac-

selfs book, while the novice will derive
great profit from the careful perusal of its
pages, insomuch as the things he ought not

to do are stated with emphasis, and thus he
may save himself many troubles and dis-
appointments that otherwise he would
discover only as a result of bitter experience.

The book contains ‘numerous illustrations.
but there is a lack of striking examples of
ideal exhibition blooms, or ideal exhibits.

We are persuaded that the flower show
has served a useful purpose, and will continue
to do so, consequently we endorse Mr.
Macself’s observations that “the flower show
is ዜ great and grand institution, gratifying
the innate sporting spirit of the British
character, and affording rare opportunities for
revelling among the objects of affection and
enjoying intercourse with kindred spirits.
Whatever may ከሮ the objections of the
small [minority who affect to despise and
disapprove of exhibitions, it is beyond denial
that British horticulture owes its progress
and its prestige in very large degree to the
influence and impetus of the show bench.
and no enterprise is more calculated to
sustain and promote the ever-growing interest
in horticulture than the organisation of a
great show, especially one which concentrates
upon a schedule drafted on lines that
enable amateur exhibitors of all grades to
participate."

*The Horticultural Exhibitor. By A. J. Macself. The
Home Garden Books, No. 6. Thornton Butterworth,
Ltd., 15, Bedford Street, W.C. 2. Price 3,6 net.

AY |
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VEGETABLE GARDEN. |

| pougrer: 88069.

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VER TOU ILES

worth: a )
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; im n? ARN £v ,
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1921 Unei — gm Mes
dum: $ pa VY

CU fulips puiside may be put.

vinal
know.’
thes: (got. 18፡18 ee Apples: pene. sc Wats, Hut X “think enough c ክህ dae the
— 88 ይነ.
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at ermar), § ex

"ebietatü pas. mainly: i. "sd ignc arbres

: G 4 ARDENEAS. .
ዘበዘበ ia. SHOW AT ዘ5፪9] EDE,

Wi dus PRIN ul P ^ai i Ape de how
Le.

centered Du 1:8” laat 148:---86:- r^ endo in.

hes headings’ of, khe :4ዜ#ርድ(ህጋጩ Vfilegea: ph uie
The whole hae: “bie ce nag hty y
other’

next Mons
onffaie, cand. iawever: mi "the past otiw
five ^ Bpecusts ig the Floral Hall have cumpared

with mie uieplay: wiae otc xli occasion rhe
x dhé.
| plantings: aurot. dears: placed . Uhe sixth aperial, 5.
bow in the position of. second. fiddle sa far > j
f

EXtent- wd "wteiesb ህየ. the- "Tulips 38

40 display under cover. ua. Courir.
1811. he Abia bo many an. Britian hat: Miere
“is a mild. Talp: c mania mung place.

36

- ከአወጠዚ io lovely foac-punk, and Gertrude. i
“Nong of the Dulch. Tajers a i 3

CH RONI ( zh

May: 148ከ, the. bag 18ሠሻ ሀዚ! Bohal. 2 "Exhibition. ilo

aA — ን sliperi — e ^ de
.hortieultürat: solerest. How e

e —

in the world were exhibit pee Matthes |

fruta Dreamen. ይሺ J.-Baardse 62 Aalamere, ! Y
The: groupe. "of ihe fror nimed — «ዚበ. taut
"ከ8: WA. cpamed: | ;VGriotips. ` — puedo

bibas.

soris were named; "and amost oll were’ pints.
Own; A ingie: atom Eenpodtusc hà: '[:ፍ.ቭ

Wa the -5918ከ69. .
well ይከዕኳዉ at- the vppesite: end by Mr. Dirk
C Spasrgaren, |

' ኮዩዐዩክክ 811. thém. obey. termed, ;pxererthelesa. -
a retmrkeble display, a des “በይ with. whom
I talked add. they ከየሪ5:83 iG best —
Ehe dul du pike. daralal wid

A think = tto wae any thet. wonderful. |

€ollectiou of. Hydraayess- exhibited. bo Me H

‘Holland: mt the present. time. . ፡ ፻96፡፡ኳ፣ for new .

ሐ “end: likely Varieties, “are. very High ከመል.
55. those: which will ከ

.siutable far (he put. flower. cue; especially

AA Af they tan ከር “had. Ax wood. condition’ ahont
utu Movit, ያው either” "für hica 818፻8: - 8:

ሰይ

መ

a
le for ther Qr both ot these. urpis: 2. pinks.’
| Mawy think thay witi. and they iaro ይጥ
de back thar opinion, BR. Ahir qmeehases.

ade pee. US die: new ‘Nc —
MUR

ES tob ot a firm.’ om due

host

/4822-

^ it ons "Bub

| growers: ^ eomibiniad, - ጋታ they: didi
i Mare sie them 898809, atid ይጨ.
very. durge | display

Y varetes au.

J. Jonas nt. Cbelsem, 1824. Thé orkak
yrs pearly |

“of ordinary - የ) ወ)! |
"ope io A path divided ዜ uw.

; ከ0.: ode ጸም Xia and. ም mes — i

MES

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-
v

— aks አውመ. "M ኢደ

"ሳካ ve 880፡(0)1..

100905 4653. E in No ihe? — ities: don

vai “eee individwat tunel. was 4 solid:
cd did not «mue for iiy. but. it. ‘shawpd the effect
AD. 823 ve partig: du Bedae hec darge | £oups. Bella

pie oloun werk skilfully blended,, but TA
8:865 Gb

laid. out ERD a£. Krelige* sale, ክርክ had: — valine: wath: broad, rosy edgas), d ancien
acid ama at. Whee. Bolbe: the seek polars T wr 19/9. With) elal »Hehtly r
‘thie Show Jar: £5.08). — "Phe figures: :88፻:. sdb. “BS AS 5588). (ribs eet) Bad: Daorson

“stantially Jaeedrato. enough
going on. with espect Mon ‘these -
Hanee ^ue. permaüent “planting”

koers
zo Andete
ሰበክ - fae. JUN (MES
the gmat features of the last: sbuw;

: Mendel Tfalips : due to) be. Bivi

There: are. potentialities. in the — E KETA
dns ከር explored. | "Named varieties are: As

Grafed ^to 1)ሀ5616.. that o they abil. be

watte.

Blam bers due arici ሄ፡

—

oot ዐበዩ “af “those: pieh weight my keyes

s how. wi ጩጨ. Tus p HOW were won

— ANTEA

the- mure

neat "net. After heap: erue: game,
ey ucedér of went, tho largo display ef.

Aves " vegein blos: set ህዞ by MM-
c AnÜricux- And (29... OF ei. Maybe ite. being )

| peti “hate: gh ail Wa . slig du nustake, | But ra:

wnather:. English: aser and. 6/5891” it owas. of. 4
ee interest. Lt) was all Arranged almost on

2 —
— flowering: አጩ Pons, grown Ke
Miis" Amie; Wig 157686. .

None 6: she
ors eut eni ó

ung inm àn w»rüWiury. way
“ante trata whieh, TRU. flowers

Hn dne: —— ef. ‘Homennias, OF Ba we dighudded;, : E CN Tu ARES Su PN EA

oie wheb two of. the” wider

up 8...

Vibmorin:: a j

ground, and “sa. was totally.’ died ds x
demo whut owe E arenstomed 10. X CU T
"Lifaràn. ሰ ለሃ) uana, [899 khade d

showed: js x dy
wir Califor “188 {prawn eed ois) ea pale ay "s

402

The big decorative effort of Mr. Van Empalen
must + be mentioned, but the easel with its
Lilac frame was too artificial altogether. So
was. the aeroplane of red and white ‘Tulips
which was -shown in another part of tho
Hall. .The rock-garden of Mr. A. Koper; the
oxcéedingly pretty display of cut flowers
(mostly. Tulips) of: Messrs. Alb. Bos and Son;
the. Trollius seedlings .of Messrs. G. Lubbe
and: Son and Messrs. Van der Kwaak; and
the: fine orange Geum (Princess Juliana) of
Mesars.^W. van Veen, of Leiden, were all
worthy ‘of - note.

But I must not forget the quaintest exhibit
I have ever seen, viz. that of Mr. J. H.
Spanjaard, ‘which consisted almost entirely of
edible. Fungi,: shown both growing and in
bottles. 31 was quite small, but the crowd

round it when I was note taking indicated.

its popularity.: Joseph Jacob.

.. , HOME ; CORRESPONDENCE. |

Exochorda grandiflora and Berberis steno-
phylla. — The „office of .press censor is
deservedly unpopular, but- whereas gardeners
and amateurs alike are accustomed to accept
statements in The . Gardeners’ Chronicle as
authoritative, I venture to call attention to
two statements. on p. 347 as at variance
with fact. Exochorda grandiflora owes 118
name of Pearl Bush not to its seeds, which
are dark brown when ripe, flat, narrow. and
pointed, “but to the white flower buds,
which, . set’ in erect racemes, bear some
resemblance ‘to pearls.. This beautiful bush
ripens ;plenty of seed here. from which a
stock may easily, be raised. Berberis
stenophylla, described by your correspondent
as a Chinese species with pale yellow
flowers, is a hybrid of; accidental
which 'appeared in the Handsworth nursery
of Me&srs. Fisher. and Holmes, Shieffield, the
parent. species being B. Darwinii and B.
ompetrifolia, both Chilian species. The colour
of the flowers is very rich ' yellow. Herbert
Maxwell, Monreith. [We are obliged to Sir
Herbert Maxwell for his corrections and plead
extenuating circumstances, t.e., the exception-
ally heavy work Chelsea Show entails.—Eds.]

Stephanotis Seedlings.—Possibly some of
your readers . may have seen : fruits of
Stephanotis floribunda, but I do not
remember hearing or reading of any one
who has raised seedlings from seeds. ripened
in this country. I noticed two fruits. on
one plant in September, 1023, and these
opened in December, 1924. Early in the
present year, some of the seeds were sown,
and now there are several strong seedlings,
I should like to know whether any other
gardener has had a similar experience. C. May,
Shirburn Castle Gardens, Watlington.

Ranunculus bulbosus flore pleno.—Of the
several double species of Ranunculus grown
in gardens the above is seldom seen at the
present day, though it must have been very
common in British gardens in ancient times.
A form of it is figured by John Gerard, in
which the very double flowers have a second
and occasionally a third smaller flower growing
from the centre of the first and second
respectivelf," and supported on a short
peduncle. © This ' proliferous form jis also
described and figured by Parkinson in his
Paradisus Terrestris, and both call it the
treat Double Crowfoot or Bachelor's Buttons.
Another name for it was St. Anthony’s
Turnip. from the tuberous roofstock. Loudon
doés not list it, though he says in a footnote
that the “flowers are sometimes‘ double, but
not so frequently as R. acris." This would
mean that it was scarce in his day. The
description of Great Double Crowfoot must
apply to the size of the flowers, for the
plant varies between six and twelve inches
in height and the flowers are very much
larger than these of R. acris. They are also
greenish-yellow in the centre, a fact that has
been overlooked by most writers, except

origin -

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE,

— — — — — oe — — — — — —

Parkinson. I have seen it within recent
years in Regents Park, and’ Me&ers. Maxwell
and Beale showed it at Chelsea the other
week as a very rare plant. Messrs. Vilmorin
described it as R. speciosus in Flore Plein
Terre, lst Ed., 722. J. F. |

The Age of a Leaf.—We are wont to speak
of evergreen leaves without, considering the
number of years they can keep green.
From what I have noted of the Evergreen
or Holm Oak, none of -the leaves endure
longer than twelve to fifteen months. . In
Pinus sylvestris and P. Pinaster they last
about three years; in P. mitis, two to five
years; and in P. montana, five or more
years. A leaf of Aspidistra lurida variegata,
which I had marked in 1915, lived to 1924;
two others marked in 1916 lived till the
spring of this year. Half of one of the
latter two was white and this died in & few
years, but the other longitudinal half lived
out its full time apparently. Thus the leaves
of Aspidistra live for nine years, judging by
tlie behaviour of three of them. The plant
had been grown in windows since 1887,
having been divided and repotted many
tunes during that period. The leaves have

varied from twelve to thirty inches in
length, the smaller ones being due to
crowding and excessive variegation. In some

years a little fertiliser was applied, but in
the great majority of years nothing has
been given beyond a little horse manure in
the soil at potting time. During winter
water may only be given. once in seven to
fourteen days. At present there are thirty-
three leaves in a seven-inch pot, besides the
developing ones. J.

Paeonia obovata alba.—Can anyone tell me
the difference between this plant (see Fig. 164,
p. 367), which received a First-Class Certificate
at the recent Chelsea show, and Paeonia
Willmottiana, which received a similar award

at the Chelsea show of 1014 and was figured

in The Gardeners’ Chronicle, p. 251, May 24,
of that year? Amateur.

White-flowered Savoy.

In the extract from

Lytos translation of the Herbal of Dodonaeus

in my article on
appears on page
Chronicle for May
sentence :—* After

“Savoy Cabbege," which
340 of The Gardeners’
16, occurs the following
winter it bringeth forth

its stalke with faire white flowers." The word

white is printed in italics to arrest attention.

. My object in writing now is to ask if any
"reader of the Gard. Chron. knows of a variety
of Savoy that produces white flowers.

In a
long experience of seed growing I have
never seen a flowering plant of Savoy that
answers this description, and various friends
whom I have consulted all tel the same
story. If any of your readers know of such
a variety they will be conferring a favour if
they will kindly furnish its name. I have
verified Lyte's translation: the original reads

Schoone witte Bloemen. All flowers of the
Savoy that have come under my notice
have been bright yellow. S. B. Dicks.

Primula pulverulenta Bartley Strain.—With
reference to the note from Mr. G. H.
Dalrymple regarding the above in your
issue of May 30 (p. 378) I am growing a
dozen or so of these plants in my garden
and these have been in bloom for some
time and still continue in flower. Every one
of them has given pink flowers, varying
somewhat in shade, but all very beautiful.
The plants were all seedlings and had been
unproved when I received them. They are,
as Mr. Dalrymple states, quite distinct from
"Mrs. R. V. Berkeley. The Bartley Strain is
very beautiful and the plants are most
robust as well. By the way, Mr. Dalrymple's
reference to Primula Mrs. R. V. Berkeley
reminds me that some years ago I saw at
an Edinburgh show a plant said to be a
P. Mrs. R. V. Berkeley, which exactly
resembled it, and was claimed to be a
fertile form. I have lost track of this plant.
‘Mr. Dalrymple is to be congratulated in
securing such a charming strain of the fine
Primula pulverulenta. S. Arnott.

JUNE 6, 1925.

. ጐ a ——————

SOCIETIES. -

—Dr 6 — —

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL.

Trial of Motor Lawn Mowers and Accessories.

A TRIAL of motor lawn mowers and
accessories, organised by the Royal Horti-
eyltural Society, took place on May 13.. in

Regent's Park, kindly lent for the purpose
by H.M. Office of Works. On the reports
of the judges appointed for this trial the
Council of the Royal Horticultural Society
has made the following awards.

AWARDS OF MERIT.

Motor lawn mower from Messrs. THos.
GREEN, LTD., New Surrey Works, Southwark
Street, S.E., for use on sports grounds and

similar areas; motor lawn mower from
Messrs. SHANKS AND Son, Ltp., Bush Lane
House, Cannon Street, E.C., for iawns:
motor lawn mower from Messrs. DENNIS
Bros., LTD., Guildford, Surrey, for lawns ;
motor lawn mower *'Jehu" from Messrs.

ALEXANDER SHANKS; motor Jawn mower from
Messrs. DENNIS; heavy motor lawn mower
with trailer seat. from Messrs. THos. GREEN ;
light motor lawn mower with trailer seat.
from Messrs. Tuos. GREEN : “Wizard © motor
lawn mower from Messrs. SHANKS for sinall
lawns.

HIGHLY COMMENDED.

Atco motor mower with seat. from Messrs.
C. H. PvaH, Lrp., Whitworth Works, Bir-
mingham, for large lawns; twenty-four inch
Auto-mower, with seat, from the Aturo-MowER
ENGINEERING Co., Norton St. Philip, near Bath ;
eighteen-inch Auto-mowoer. with seat, from the
AvrO-MowEeR ENGINEERING Co.: Atco motor
mower. from Messrs. C. H. Puen, Lro., for
small lawns; Acto motor mower, with twelve
blades and special sole plate, from Messrs.
C. H. Puen, Lrp., for very fine lawns:
G.N. motor attachment for lawn mowers.
from Messrs. G.N., Lrp., East Hil, Wands-
worth, S.W.; Motor pusher, with fore-
carriage, from the M.P. Co. Lrp. 550.
Oxford Street, W.1., for drawing lawn
mowers, etc.; Rendle motor mower attach-
ment, from W. EDGECUMBE, RENDLE AND
Co., LTD., 5, Victoria Street. S.W.. for
pushing lawn mowers; Trailer seat for lawn
mowers, from DENNIS 13808.

COMMENDED.

‘Governor’? water-cooled motor lawn
mower, from Messrs. JOHN SHAW AND Sons
(Wolverhampton), Ltp.; “New Godiva”
motor mower, from the GODIVA ENGINEERING
Co. LTD., Trading Estate, Slough. Bucks.:
Atco motor lawn mower, from Messrs. C. H.
Puen. Lrp.: Automo motor lawn mower.
from Messrs. F. MITCHELL, Derby Road.
Nottingham: Motor pusher, from M.P. Co.
Lrp., for pushing lawn mowers.

MANCHESTER AND NORTH OF ENGLAND

ORCHID.

Fripay. May l.—Commütee present: R.
Ashworth. Esq. (in the chair) Messrs. A.
Burns, A. Coningsby, J. Cypher. J. Evans.
G. Giles, Capt. W. Horridge. A. Keeling.
D. Losh Thorpe, J. Lupton, J. McCartney.

E. W. Thompson, and H. Arthur (Secretary).
FirsT-CLASS CERTIFICATES.

Brausso-Cattleya. Apolo var. Earl of Chester. - .ላ
flower over eight inches across and coloured
pale pink: the large lip has a yellow throat
and deep crimson base; Odontioda Breworthii
(Brewit Charlesworthit). — A large, well-
shaped. mahogany coloured flower with n
large flat lip. From A. HANMER. Esq.

Brasso-Catlleya Jupiter Empress —A tower
of eyen colour and with a round, fringed
lip. From Mrs. GRaATRIX. |

June 6, 1925.

Cattleya Ashlands (Tityus x Dupreana).—
A handsome flower with a round, fringed
lip having an orange-yellow throat and a
deep crimson base. From R. AsHWORTH, Esq.

Sophro-Laelio-Cattleya Mense var. The King.
—One of the finest forms yet seen, of even
colour. From S. GRATRIX, Esq.

Odontoglossum Amabilicity (amabile x Felicity).
—A well-shaped white flower, four inches
across, with pale lilac blotches and spots.
From P. SMrrH, Esq.

AWARDS OF MERIT.

Brasso-Cattleya Jupiter var. | Aehworthiae ;
Brasso-Cattlzya Apollo; Odontioda ashlandense.
From R. AsuwortsH, Esq.

Brasso-Lnelio-Cattleya Roumania, Edgemoor
viriety, and Odontoglossum Diadem. From A.
HANMER, Esq.

Odontoglossum crispum Coronet.
GRATRIX.

Odontoglossum crispum White Ensign.

S. GRATBRIX, Esq. i
Valeria, Bolholt variety (Odm.

From Mrs.

From

Odontio la
Jasp:;r X Odta. Cooksonii) From Capt.
HoORRIDGE.
Brasso-Cattleya Cliftonii, Beairdwood variety.

From Cor. Sta J. RUTHERFORD, Bt.

Cymbilium Al*zainderi Pink Pearl. From
J. McCartney, Esq.
D:nirobium Griffiithianum superbum. From

Messrs. KEELING AND Sons.

GROUPS

A Gold Medal was awarded to S. GRATRIX,
Esq, West Point (gr. Mr. C. Branch), for a
group of Orchids; A. Hanmer, Esq., Buxton
(ger. Mr. G. Giles), was also awarded a Gold
Me lal for his exhibit.

Mrs. Bruce and Miss Wria.tey, Bury (gr.
Mr. A. Burns), staged a group for which a
large Silver Medal was awarded; Silver
Madals were awarded to R. ASHWORTH, Esq.,

Newchurch (gr. Mr. W. Houzh); Carr. W.
HoRRIDGE, Bury (gr. Mr. A. Coningsby) ነ
Massrs. J. CvPHER AND Sons, Cheltenham ;

J. Evans, E3q., Colwyn Bay; and Messrs.

KEELING AND Sons, Bradford.

FRIDAY, May 15.—Committee present: J.
M:Cartney, Esq. (in the chair), Messrs. A.
Burns, A. Coningsby, J. Evans, G. Giles, A.
Keeling, E. W. Thompson, and H. Arthur
(Secretary).

FIRST-CLASS CERTIFICATES.

Oion*ojlossum Laurantia var. Collosus (Jasper
x Olympia).—A large. well-shaped flower,
densely spotted with violet-brown; the lip is
large, flat and spotted ; Odontoglossum crispum
R. G. Felton.—A large, white flower with
fimbriated sepals and petals and fine pin-
like spots. From P. Situ, Esq.

Odontoglossum Faustina superb1.—A flower
with deep red-claret sepals and petals tipped
with a lighter shade. From A. HANMER,

AWARDS OF MERIT.

Odontoglossum crispum var. Royal Rosette.
From Mrs. GBaTRIX.

O. crispum var. Queen of Denmark.
8. GRATRIX, Esq.

Olontioda Elaine var.
SurrH, Esq.

From

Perfecta. From P.

GROUPS.

S. GRATRIX, Esq. West Point (gr. Mr. C.
Branch), stazel a group for which a Silver-
Gilt Medal was awarded.

A Silver-Gilt Medal was also awarded to
A. Hanmer, Esq., Buxton (gr. Mr. G. Giles),
for a group.

Mrs. Bruce and Miss Wriatey, Bury (gr.
Mr. A. Burns) staged a group of Orchids
to which a Large S.lver Medal was awarded.

The Cypripedium exhibited by Mrs. Bruce
and Miss WhRrGLEY at the meeting on April
17 as C. Wrigleyanum and which received an
Award of Merit, has been re-named and
recorded as Cypripedium O. O. Wrigley.

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

403

SOUTH AFRICAN ASSOCIATION OF
NURSERYMEN AND SEEDSMEN.

THE ninth annual goneral meeting of the
Association of Nurserymen and Seedsmen of
the Union of South Africa was held at
Pretoria on April 14, Mr. Christopher Starke,
of Cape Town, presiding.

The chairman dwelt upon the meagre
support accorded to the association by the
members of the trade in the Union. He
submitted that, with the re-organisation of
the agriculture of the Union and the change
of conditions, greater service would be
demanded from all seedsmen, and this could
only be given by all nurs»rymen joining the
association, and making it a live and strong
body.

Colonel (5. N. Williams, Under Secretary
for Agriculture, hoped that tho association
would organise and the Government assist it
to the greatest possible extent. The Govern-
mnt had recently engaged Professor Webber,
of tho University of California, and good
results would accrue from his work, especially
with regard to Citrus growing. Dr. Pole-
Evans and Mr. C. P. Lounsbury, the
respective chiefs of the divisions of Botany
and Entomology, had always assisted the
association, and the Government would
continu» to give the nurssrym2n and seedsmen
advice throuzh eminent technical men such
as the two gentlemen named.

Major Hunt, President of the Transvaal
Agricultural Union, said that good seed as
well as good stock was the foundation of
all successful farming, and he hoped that
throuzh the deliberations of the Association.
restrictions would be placed on the sale of
ወ so aS to ensure only good seed being
sold.

Mr. D. A. English urged that the
Government should be asked to set aside
the sum of £11,000 for the investigation of
fruits suitable for growing in the various
fruit-growing areas of the Union.

Mr. R. W. Thornton, Director of Field
and Animal Husbandry, said that the
Government had now remedied the under-
staffiag of the Horticultural D2partment,
and bursaries had been granted to young
South Africans to enable them to study
horticulture. For a number of years farmers
in South Africa had pressed the Union
Government for the establishment of demon-
stration plots in different parts of South
Africa. These requests had now been
acceded to, and eight plots were to be
laid out in various parts of the Union.
Plots would be established on similar lines

to those of Canada and elsewhere. He
thouzht, however, that the association
should pass a definite resolution in the

matter, so that a stated sum should ከ6
allocated for the work. In reference to the
Peach-canning industry there was a very
great deal of experimental work to be done,
and he hoped that the association would
give the Government and the experimenters
its assistance. With collaboration, he
anticipated that the industry would become
a flourishing one.

Mr. Lounsbury said that he was not
quite in favour of experimontal orchards, as
su:gested by a member of the association.
Wnat he considered was needed was a
larze and competent staff of Government
horticulturists who would study the conditions
in the various parts of the Union, and advise
on the data thus obtained. |

A resolution was adopted on the lines of
Mr. English's suggestion.

Amonz the more important proposals dis-
cuss»d were :—(a) That the Postmaster-General
ከ3 requested to introduce the c.o.d. system in
the Post Offics; (b) That the Minister of
Azriculture be requosted to abolish municipal
trading in plants, trees, etc.; (c) Owing to
the deterioration of Lucerne 8631, that tho
Governmont be requested to remove restric-
tions regarding imported Lucerne seed.

ROYAL SCOTTISH ARBORICULTURAL—
ABERDEEN BRANCH.

THE first meeting of the Aberdeen branch
for the season was held in the Douzlas
Hotel, Aberdeen, on Saturday, the 30th ult.
tale C. S. France, the president, was.in the
chair.

In his ‘presidential address, Mr. France
made a strong appeal for the establishment.
of a Chair of Forestry in Aberdeen Univer-
sity. He pointed out that the Senatus of
Aberdeen University had agreed to the
establishment of such a chair, and it only
required the raising of the necessary endow-
ment to set it in operation. He felt that
the branch, in conjunction with the northern
branch, might make an effort to assist in
raising the required sum. These two
branches represented the area of Scotland of
which Aberdeen University is the educational
centre.

Mr. France also made reference to
the important work of afforestation. The
Forestry Commission had now been at work
for about five years, and large areas of
waste lands had been acquired and many
thousands of acres had been planted under
its direction. He believed the effect of this
national effort would now be continuous. He
saw a large sphere open for properly trained
and educated foresters. They as a society
had already done much towards providing
foresters of that description, and in ርዐጀ-
junction with the University there were now
the means, if properly applied, of fulfilling
that object. But he felt they could do a
little more. There were many young men
at present working in the woods who desired
to learn and equip themselves as foresters,
but they were, in & great measure, retarded
Py circumstances. He suggested the admission
of all assistant foresters to the branch, on
payment of a small subscription, and that
they be distinguished as associate members.
Prizes might be offered for reports or essays
on any subject in forestry that came under
their observation.

In conclusion, the president suggested
that they should publish annually, for. the
use of members, a record of their work and
proceedings, and that the parent society ‘be
approached for assistance.

Mr. John Michie, M.V.O.,
several points raised by Mr. France and
moved that the suggestions contained
in the president’s address ba remitted to the
committee for consideration and report. This
was warmly agreed to.

Mr. F. W. Law, M.A., B.Sc. (Agr) of
Messrs, Ben Reid and Co., nurserymen and
seedsmen, Aberdeen, then gave the members
& very informative and instructive address
on ‘Some Aspects of Forest Protection."
Doaling first with the ravages of forest
pests, Mr. Law proceeded to give some
admirable advice on the subject of forest
fires, and the grave dangers that existed
nowadays to larga areas of woodland from
careless tourists, motor cars, railway engines,
steam wagons, and the wanton throwing
away of cigarette stumps. |

Mr. Law's timely and interesting address was
greatly appreciated, and in the course of
the discussion which followed Mr. J. F.
Annand, of the Forestry Commission, ccn-
sidered that the cigarette smoker was a
bigger sinner than the railway companies in
causing forest fires.

The President intimated that the sum
required for the endowment of a Chair of
Forestry at Aberdeen was £5,000. Sir John
R. Gladstone, Bart., of Fasque and Balfour,
Kincardineshire, late president of the Aber-
deen branch, and now National President of
the Society, announced that he would be
pleased to contribute to the fund. A
number of distinguished gentlemen were
added to the branch membership.

referred to

404
LAW NOTE.

AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY’S HEAVY
LOSSES.
UNDER a compulsory winding-up order,

made on July 29. 1924, against the Agri-
cultural Wholesale Society, Ltd., St. Lawrence
House, 48, Mark Lane, E.C, the Official
Receiver in the High Court has issued his
observations on the liquidation. A statement

of the society's affairs showed. as regard
creditors, ranking liabilities £221,039, and
total assets £5,032. After deducting prefer-

ential claims, the net assets. subject to cost
of liquidation, are £4,785. As regards share-
holders, the paid-up capital was £81,449, and
the total deficiency is £297,703.

The report states, inter alia, that the
Society was registered in September 1914 as
the Farmers’ Central Trading Board, Ltd.,
to act as a central trading federation for
the agricultural co-operative societies and
‘smallholding and allotments’ co-operative
societies in Great Britain, Isle of Man, and
the Channel Islands, and to carry on tho
industries of manufacture of, and wholesale
and retail dealers in, agricultural machinery,
implements, and requirements of all kinds,
and of spare parts. During the first four
years of its career the society did very little
business, but a small profit was made. 18
1918, proposals for placing the agricultural
co-operative movement on a better footing
resulted in the name being changed to the
Agricultural Wholesale Society, Ltd. (generally
known as the A.W.S.), and further trading
departments were opened.

The directors at the date of liquidation
consisted of :—The Rt. Hon. F. D. Acland
(chairman), Sir Leslie Scott, K.C., M.P.;
W. H. T. Hearle (West Midland Farm-
ers); Mr. W. R. Hopkinson (Southern
Counties Agricultural Trading Society. Ltd.):
Mr. J. P. T. Jackson, J.P. (Preston Farmers'
Trading Society, Ltd.); Mr. George Mills
(Yorkshire Farmers, Ltd); Mr. C. C. Smith,

J.P., C.C. (Eastern Counties Farmers’ Co-
operative Association, Ltd.); Mr. J. B.
Leslie-Smith (Northern Agricultural Co-

operative Society, 1.11.) ፥ Mr. W. E. Stamer
(Shropshire Farmers, Ltd.) ; Mr. Walter West ;
and Captain Lord Stanley, M.C., M.P.

No share qualification was required of,
and no remuneration paid to, the directors
who, with certain exceptions, were elected
for different areas on a capital-subscribed
and turnover basis.

The society’s trading results from 1918
showed the following losses :—1919, £39,625 ;
1920, £156,104; 1921, £40,306; 1922, £22,581;
and 1923, £41,037. The turnover in 1919
increased to nearly £2,000,000, but heavy
losses were made in the feeding stuffs
department; and after 1920 the turnover
decrcased rapidly.

The failure of the company is attributed
by the Rt. Hon. F. D. Acland to (1) Societies
under trading agreements with the society
failing to carry out their agreements to
give the society the opportunity of doing
their trade on equal terms with other
suppliers. Owing to this, the turnover of
the society, though always showing a gross

profit, showed & net loss, as it was not
sufficient to carry the overhead expenses
and charges previously incurred. (2) The

discovery of the defalcations of Frank Carlyle
Mitchell, the managing director, which destroyed
confidence. and thus made it impossible for
the directors to put through a tighter
scheme of trading agreements whieh they
had in hand. Mitchell was charged on
October 31, 1924, with defaleations amounting
to £5,787, and sentenced to a term of
imprisonment.

SCHEDULE RECEIVED.

COUNTY BOROUGH OF SOUTHPORT.—Great flower show
to be held in Victoria Park, Rotten Row, Southport, on
Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday, August 27, 28, and 29,
1925.—Secretary, Mr. T. E. Wolstenholme, Town Hall,
Southport.

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

JcNE ሀ, 1925

TRADE NOTE.

AT the May meeting of the Chamber of
Horticulture the members present were informed
that a Bill for the marking of foreign produce
was in course of drafting. therefore the position
of the industry as to the marking of fruit
and vegetables should be examined de novo.
The 1923 Merchandise Marks Bill was re-
examined, the Secretary reminding the meeting
that this Bill, originally a private one, had
successfully passed the Committee stage in
1923. after which the 1923 Conservative Govern-
ment accepted responsibility for the same.
Before the third reading Parliament dissolved,

After discussion, on the motion of Mr. F.
W. Ladds, seconded by Mr. George Monro,
it was unanimously agreed to ask the Ministry

: of Agriculture to use its best endeavours to

obtain inclusion in the new Bill of clauses on
similar lines to the undermentioned clauses
of the Merchandise Marks Bill 1923, viz.:—
Clause 1, relating to the marking of fruit and
vegetables when imported. Clause 4, referring
to the marking of fruit and vegetables when
exposed for retail sale. Clause 12, the ex-
pression that “ Fruit '"* includes Tomatos. At
the instance of the Secretary, the meeting
briefly discussed the method of marking, i.e.,
whether the expressions “imported " and
* foreign " are preferable to the expressions
“s Empire grown” and “foreign grown," or
vice versa. It was unanimously agreed to
make no recommendation thereon at the
moment, but to await introduction of the
Bill.

With regard to the possible application by
the Horticultural Trades’ Association to the
Board of Trade for a committee to be set
up in respect of Rose trees, it was agreed
that the chamber leave this in abeyance for
the time being. It was explained that the
foundation of the ** case " was the preparation
of statistics which would take considerable
time.

In connection with the Nicotine Insecticides
and the Poisons Schedule, the proof of the
“case " recently submitted to the Ministry
of Agriculture by the Insecticides Section was
laid before the meeting. This “case” em-
phasized the serious difficultics created by the
recent amendment to the Pharmacy Acts
placing Nicotine Preparations in Part 1 of
the Poisons Schedule. The Ministry had been
asked to give assistance in obtaining the
exclusion of nicotine preparations containing
not more than three per cent of pure nicotine
from the Schedule. Mr. Stiff, a member of
the recent deputation to the Ministry, answercd
questions raised by members. The meeting
agreed to the principle involved in the ‘ case,”’
and on the motion of Mr. E. C. Boughton,
seconded by Mr. Geo. Monro, the Insecticides
Section was asked to proceed further in the
matter.

The Rating and . valuation
issued, and which is exceedingly long and
complex, was examined with a view to
ascertaining whether there was anything in it
prejudicing the horticultural industry, also
whether any amendment could be reasonably
suggested in order to correct anomalies or to
obtain justifiable concessions. The Committee
had the valuable assistance of Mr. J. B.
Slade, well-known as an authority on Rating
and Valuation, who gave an interesting criticism
of the Bill. Members agreed that the principles
of Rating reform embodied in the Bil! were
desirable. There were a few points discussed
regarding the application of the Bill and
deeply concerning the industry, such as the
quarter easement enjoyed under the Public
Health Act 1873. proper ullowance from gross
to net, and the possibility of Jand under
glass being classed as avricultural land. The
discussion as to this Bill was of necessity
a preliminary one, and Mer. Slade. kindly
promised to undertake certain investigations
and report in due course.

Bil recently

Obituary. -

Arthur J. Pope. Yorkshire gardeners «il!
learn with regret that Mr. Arthur J. Pope
passed away at Leeds Infirmary on Friday.

May 22. after a long illness. The remains
were interred at Gargrave on the 25th uk.

Mr. Pope. who was gardener at Garzrave
House. Leeds, for twelve years. was a mos
unassuming man. but ever ready to place a
the disposal of younger members of the
craft the results. of his varied experienc.
He never spared himself in his work lor
others, and was the friend of and genera!
adviser to the inhabitants of the large village
of Gargrave. He was the hon. treasurer of
the Gargrave show, and. as a result,
of his experience and valuable help. the
show made great progress during — recent
years. Mr. Pope belonged to the Ancient
Order of Buffaloes, and the members of his
lodge were present in large numbers at the
funeral service ; indeed. the whole of the
village was in mourning, that it was quite
evident the villagers realised the loss of a
personal and valued friend. Mr. Pope
leaves a widow and two grown-up sons t»
mourn his loss. T. B.

Pierre-Louis Lévéque.—The death occurred
on May 11. at the advanced age of &
years, of M. Pierre-Louis Lévéque. the
veteran Rose grower and horticulturist cf
Ivry-sur-Seine. He was one of the best
known growers of the Paris district, and
besides Roses, Carnations occupied his atten-
tion to a considerable extent. Although his
time was largely occupied with his own
business he became prominent in local affairs.
and was first magistrate at Ivry. as well as
a Member of the Conseil Général de 18 Seine.

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

GRAPES DISEASED: A. E. L. and E. C. L.
The berries are affected with spot discase.
caused by the fungus — Gloeosporium
ampelophagum. Spray the vines and thie
bunches of Grapes with liver of sulphur
at a strength of half-an-ounce in two
gallons of water, or dust flowers of sulphur
on the leaves and bunches, and again at
an interval of ten days. Next winter.
when the vines are dormant. spray the
rods with iron sulphate in solution.

NAMES OF Prants; W. H. Justicia carnea.
L. F. Gaultheria Shallon. F. I. Camassia
esculenta. J. A. C. 1, Colutea arborescens,
Bladder Senna, native of Mediterranean
region; 2, Coronilla Emerus, Scorpion Senna.
native of Central and South Europe. R. E
1. White Rhododendron. Cunningham's White:

2. Red Rhododendron, a hybrid, most
probably a seedling without a name.
W. F. F. The RHODODENDRON flower
vou send are those of the variety Lady

Alice Fitzwilliam. This variety is increascd
by cuttings and layering. dt is usually
cultivated in a compost of sandy peat, bu
will thrive in a light, loamy soil. containing
no lime, to which may be added a fuir
proportion of leaf-mould and peat. The
large-Jeaved Rhododendrons of the Pink
Pearl type are increas^d by layering, and by
grafting on seedling Rhododendron ponticum.
with a stem about the thickness of a penc.

Commanieations Received.—A. L(td.—E. P. b—-
F. H. ዝ.--ሏ. G.—H. B. M.—A. E. L., thanks for l-
for R.G.O.F. Box.—W. E. Y.

GARDENING APPOINTMENTS.

Mr. W. Durrant. for the past five years Garden t
to the late SIR HUGH THOMAS, Castle Hall.
Milford Haven, Pembrokeshire. as Gardener t^
R. Q. WILSON, Esq. Brookland Hall, Welshpool
(Thanks for 2s, 6d. for R.G.O.F. Box.—Ens)

Mr. J. G. Gillies. ior nearly three years. Ganlener
to the REV. HAROLD BROWNLOW, Cheriton Rectory.
Alrestord, Huinpshire, as Gardener to W
NHEDDEN. Esq, Park House, Moxhull
Wishaw, Erdington, near Birmingham.

Path ን

Which were below the require nents on Saturday, and late
Similar remarks apply to
plentiful:
increased prices the supplies of Roses
were cleared very early. All searlet and white blooms,
Double-White Narcissus, and Lilium
longiflorum, met with an exceptionally good demand.
Larger supplies of Pyrethrums are expected this week
the double-white sort

buyers could not be supplied.
white Roses, but coloured. blooms were more
in spite of the

such as Paeonies,

and they should now include son

JUNE 6 ‘ , ግ
June 6, 1925. THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE. ix.
MARKETS. 7. ን ጤው ው Madame Butterfly and Ophelia 3/0 to 4/6, Madame
adame Bu y an a 4/6, me
A tena 5
| Apples— s. d. s. d. s. d. s.d. | to cn white | ት መ) አሸ Si tc gh
COVENT GARDEN, Tuesday, June 2nd, 1925. Now Zea — ከፈ Fruit, 35 0-49 0 | ^^ Pe dozen bunches.
s 2 A Pippin ... 25 0-28 0 — v. 35 0-40 0 There was no shrinkage in supplies of beddin
Plants in Pots, etc. : Average Wholesale Prices. ELE 18 0-20 0 z Florida, ሻሌ 35 0-42 6 | plants, and prices with few exceptions, continu
(All 48’s except where otherwise stated). f መቸ? — ገር ocks, Asters, | Calceolarias, and
asmanian Pears 4 0-12 0 T box.. a 0-13 0 | Antirrhinums ranged from 1/- to 1/3 per box
Adiantum s.d.s.d. | Erica magnifica, s.d.s.d | Tasmanian— —Murcia . 4 0-18 0 | Lobelia 1/6, Gladioli 4/- per dozen, Coltness Gem
cuneatum 48's per doz. ... 24 0-300 | —Cox's Orange Melons (Forced) E 6-70 | Dahlia 4/- to 5/-, Begonias 6/-, Echeveria, 3/-
per doz. . 10 0-13 0 | —coccinea, 48's Pippi ... . n "ET $ Oranges, Jaffa ... 16 0-18 0 — bou — i m /6, pA um and — ir,
: r doz. . 21 0-24 0 —Jonathan ax —SgS md arigolds a rampe eraniums 6/-
—elegans.. ..100-120 | PU See doz” 80-100 | —Ribston Pippin 16 0-17 6 —shanbh— —— 300300 | Pe dozen, and Nasturtiums (named) 3/- per 100.
Aralia Sieboldii.. 9 0-100 | Hydrangea —Cle .. 60-3186 | —380's ... . 18 0-30 0 Pot plants made good prices; ` Hydrangeas were
hite, 48's per —Others .. .. 16 0-17 0 | —504's 180-250 | worth up to 4/- each for large and 1/9 to 2/3 for
የር per ር doz. - ... 18 0-30 0 oe French 16 0-57 6 | Peaches, English small plants; Aspidistra, green, 1/- to 1/6, —
OZ. .. .. 30 0-42 0 | _pink, 48's per — — nch, ide per doz. . 10 0-54 0 | 1/9; Marguerites 1/3 to 1/6, . and Pelargoniums 1/6
ን Ag BUS UR U 91:5 5 ሄና... | apererate — . 80-120 | Pear, South m tone of the fruit market በ
mosus ... 120 — a : can— e tone o e market was very firm
— ean — nite 0-48 0 —— doz. 30-120 aos di 30-36 — s a which — — 120s
= eS 32 ; i 4- asep e ng a / - per case - to -
Aspidistra, green 36 0-60 0 48's per doz. ... 15 0-18 0 — 7 — Malines .. 50-56 | half case; and 240, and 800, 25/- to 30/- for
Mignonette, 48's —Belgian 26-30 | —Winter Nelis .. 30-56 | Burriana fruit; while Murcias ranged from 30/- to
Asplenium, per per doz. .› 150-180 | - English— a du 36/- all grades. English and Scotch Strawberries
oZ. ‘+. 12 0-180 | Nephrolepis, in —Hambro per 15. 26-46 Comice . .. 60-80 | were round 6/- to 7/- per lb., but 10/- was paid
— 32's T 24 0-30 0 variety ... .. 12 0-18 0 uscat . 10 0-15 6 | Pines 36- 46 | for a small consignment from Drumlanrig Castle
—nidus .. 12 0-15 0 | —32's p .. 24 0-36 0 —South African ve Strawberries, per eae. pH decns " Toruni —
Co ‘ ri an rench Cherries 2j 0 per pox: eaches
Boronia hetero- oo Kentia . . 30 0-48 0 Imar . . 100-12 0 Ib. 90e 1 16. at 16 to 24፡- per dozen, Black Hamburgh
phy lls, 48'3 per , Pt — . 15 ous Grapes 3/6 to 4/0 per lb., Australian Grapes 16/-
doz ረ . 21 0-24 0 Pteris, 909 varie y 5 8 ለከ Vegetables : Average Wholesale prices. to 18,- per case, Cape Grapes 12- to 14/-, Gra
Cacti, per E —small .. .. 40-50 | A a A C 35. Lemon 156 et A hun
—]2's, 15's 4. 50-70 gi an tray oe eee s. d. s. d. Onions. Valencia 8. d. 8. d. 1 20;- to — ዓን Ribston Pippin, an Nes 8
Crotons, per doz. 30 0-45 0 et ረም E , , avourite an ndon ppin 20- to 2ሠ/ሠ New
ege cd io 0955 0 Rhodanthe, 48's > —— — .. 30-50 —* ..14 0-16 0 | Zealand Apples realised 18/- to 22/-. African Pears
per doz. 120-150 | —Special... ... 90-180, ፦ videam per were in smaller supply, and limited to three varieties,
Enc 48'5 per i " E pde is antha, CUT —Devon ... 8 0-10 0 EE fish, — D d ve Fotelik seling ar 5/6 to 6/-, Winter Nelis 5/6 to
Eo xis ... 21 0-30 ” Beans, Guernscy, — (7l, an ou Morceau 6/- to 7/-, while Australian
" n i er ib. ... T 16-2 0 — per ii a 1d num Boni — to 10/-, and Williams’s
ut Flowers, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices. orthing 16-2 arsnips, per cwt. n Chretien 126 to 16j-.
. Beets, per cwt.... 50-80 | Peas, English per Conditions in the vegetable department remained
Adiantum deco- 8. 0. 8. d. s.d. 8. d. | Cabbage, pertally 7 6-10 0 Ib. e .. 10-20 | good. Scotch Tomatos brought 1/6 to 1/10 per lb.,
rum, doz. bun. 18 0-240 | Paeonies, White : — French, per English and Guernsey 1/3 to 1/4. and Teneriffe 32/-
—inentum;: “pet rdoz.bun.6's 18 0-24 0 | Canary Island . cane 20-60 | to 40፦ per bundle: Cucumbers (home) 6/- ito 9-
doz. bun. .... 15 0-15 0 | —Pink, per doz. Tomatos 20 0-30 0 —Guernsey forced er dozen; Dutch 4l- to 6/-; Asparagus 5/- to 6/6,
— Wii bun. 12's 15 0-18 0 | Cauliflowers, per > per lb. 10-16 ao Beans ye 1o S „per 15., NDA 1/- to 1/2,
mosus, per bun gd ad doz. | ue m 20-30 | Potatos “Canary Teneriffe Potatos 16/- to 18/- m
long trails, 0s 20-30 bun. 12 . 15 0-18 0 | Carrots, new, per Island 18 0-20 0 — ET otatos 16/- to per case, and Lettuces
med. sprays 1 6- 2 6 | Pyrethrum doz. bun. ... 60-80 | Potatos, per ton— HF PEE Geren:
short „° .. 09-13. Double White, Cucumbers, per —Dunbar .. 240 0-260 0
A hoch perdoz.bun.... 7 0- 8 0 do ~ 60-66 | —King Edward 200 0-240 በ
ante aa — iSi — Double Pink, —Flats, 36's, 45፡8 18 0-22 0 —QOthers wate 90 0-160 0
med. ,, Osta) o a er Ced o | Duteh Onions ... 11 0-15 0 ር... 1 THE LATEST TRADE MARKS.
short ,, 04-10 doz. bun. 30-70 — best, per pad —Sellly i e. 03103 —
Carnations, —Single Pink, ag ki —Spanish, new ” f
Hoe bocana o eue per 002. bun. 5 0-60 | Worseradish, per | per cwt. . 800 | Cera (No. 454476).—Garden Chairs, Garden
(omillower. pér Richardias ( Arums) bundle ... 20-26 — aaa T Seats, Wheelbarrows and Frames therefor.
doz. bun . 40-60 per doz. .. 50-60 D per doz. 20-26 | Rhubarb, per በ02 70-90 —L. M. Waterhouse, Wick Lodge, Lower
Croton, leaves, l Roses, per doz. undie ... — .. 2-2 Spinach, per bushel 3 0- 4 0 'Teddington Road, Hampton Wick, London.
var. doz. leaves 0 9- 2 6 blooms, Bich Lettuce per doz. — — April 1
Fern, French, per Liberty e 2 ae Rud" Mer ibe 7. —
E Met a | -Libe 26-46 | — er Ib.— i i - LE
foe bun. 00- 1:3 | —MadameButtet | — Qu PE 80100 —Pink 90100 | ተ ዘሮ Sueps (No. B 450213). Seeds
talax. American, 50 | —Blue = 1 t : à E
perd and bronze, — |. ne. . Abel | me Mushrooms, cups debe — e. for Agricultural and Horticultural pur-
oz. bun. .. ፦ ‘hatenay 2 = — i
Gladiolus, Blush- —Meldy .. ui 30-40 | Marrows, 905... 100-150 | —Guernsey 9 0-10 0 d ብ. ee ee and ss
ing Brid r —Molly rman Mint, Forced, per rnips, ; i "
dox. bun p . 18 0-24 0 RN . 26-40 doz... ji 20-60: Ec uk * 8 0-10 0 | FERTHRIVA (No. 455249).—Artificial Manures.
—White, per doz. —— — $0 2n —The Necessaries Co., 25b, Edward
bun. * 15 0-18 0 5P e - REMARKS.—Trade has been fairly brisk following the Road Bals H NES
Pom unburst .. 30-40 | holiday, when the usual congestion of produce over the , alsall eath, Birmingham.
= — joasom, see Gardenias, r week-end had the effect of lowering prices. Frults from March 25.
per doz. bun 0-21 0 box, 12’s, 188... 40-60 | South Africa, such as Grapes and Pears, are in steady ። C] ማምን
— gees white, 0-15 0 Smilax per doz. Tasman — — vip depo pay ora ማፍ ር ከ D ። ሻሎ. 1 — ን ፍና
oz. bun. .. ; asmania continue to go out at a good price level. Goose- r Agricult 1
Iceland Poppies 60-70 rails 30-30 berries from the West of England and Kent. have sold ur — M rar Toole, 1 —
Ixi d one 50 DM Iris, Der very well. Cherries from France have been in variable Porp 5 me P E 5 ap OO
ge ids ; doz. bun. 3 0- 5 5 doz. bun.— condition but have met a good demand. Choice fruits, (Hair King), 24, Raffles Road, Birken-
s xed, doz. bun. 3 0- 4 — Blue .. 18 0-30 0 Puch as Vor ate Melons and Strawberries are a head, Cheshire. March 25.
pagerias, per —Mauve ... ... 18 0-240 | € )usiness e demands of the ''London Season”
doz. bloonis 36-40 —NWhite 7180-24 0 | being such that good prices are maintained. Tomatos REPRESENTATION OF SQUIRREL (No. 453782).—
Lilium speciosum —Yellow .. ... 54 0-86 0 up isa auctions decane © ተ በላ Spades, Shovels, Hoes and Digging Forks
rab í Jow at encourage a firm demand. : eR
perdoe em — — | stepmania pi ss ss | Siete hers a, thy rere amis, በሮ | Co. Ltd. Exchange Works, Rocky: Lane,
—short ፃን ን) = መ ኣ uve! — — reil, exc gnt se ack Ju ዚፈሪ :* እ አለ መቹ . ? ነ
Lilium longiflorum 72 pips ... 30-386 before the holiday, for special quality heads. Salads are Aston Manor, Birmingham. March 25.
long, per doz.... 4 0- 5 0 | Stock, English not plentiful and are selling well. French Beans, Peas, :
lilysot-the: Valley, white .. ... 90-180 | and new Potatos are selling freely, the last commodity Monson (No. 455798). —Chemical Substances
ever doz. bun.... 15 0 24 0 Sweet Peas, per ከ ናና ው a — prices. Green vegetables are used for. a and Horticultural
arcissus— doz. bun. .. 80-150 — purposes.—The Mond Tar By-Products
—Double White, — — « :
per dos. Da. 70-90 | Violas, perdoz.bun. 1 0- 1 6 Syndicate, Ltd., 47, Victoria Street,
Nigella, Blue. per 20-15 o | French Flowers— GLASGOW. London, S.W.1
02. bun 15 - :
Orchids, per doz. A » none St. 56-50 |) THIS Ns. a good — in Sub tower — Pe a N —
—Cattleyas . 24 0-36 0 en EL )usiness eing more active n is been o use or ricultural an orticultura
—Cypripediums... 50-70 | Marigolds, per doz. 4 0- 5 0 | late, ms prices were Im all rouna, i Parkin: Tulips purposes The Dorking Grey-Stone Limo
grown a e new nurseries a Lochearnhead were i ፡
REMARKS.—AIL ርበ! blooms were in good demand | an outstanding feature. Extra flne blooms of Clara Co.. Ltd., Betchworth, Surrey. April 16.
ae the whole of last. week and all supplies w went Vs is ር ር la oe aa gor.
freely, especially on Friday and Saturday. Prices | anc No. Pink made 1^ to 1/6 for 6's, while
advanced for most subjects, espec ially for Carnations, Pride of Haarlem averaged 801. to 1/-. Other Tulips The above Marks have been “ Accepted `
weonnt oof Double-White Narcissus finishing this
Pyrethrum shontd be in demand. There are ከ0 new
subjects to record this week. Prices are expected to
Tremain firn. for a few days; large consignments are

still being despatched to the provinces.

realised up to 1 - per dozen. Paeonics were plentiful

al the week, and ranged from 1.- 10 2- per dozen
blooms. Supplies were badly packed in large boxes
containing two dozen bunches, and — prices suffered
in consequence. Irises found a ready sale. at 1/9
to 26 per dozen, and 61. to &d. for 6s, while
Pheasant Eye Narcissi made 36 10 39 per dozen,
and = Double White 5- to S-, Buyers conceded from
'1- to 3፦ for special blooms of May Day. Lady
Northeliffe. Aviator, — and Enchantress Carnations.
while medium quality blooms realised 26 to 36.
Lilium longiflorum (Harrissii) were exceptionally cheap
at 36 to 4/-,'and Sweet Peas kept steady at Od
to 1/3 per bunch. Roses showed little change in

by H.M. Patent Office and unless any
objection is lodged the Marks will bə duly

Registered. They are, however, officially
advertised for opposition which must ከ6
lodged within one month from the date

All particulars and forms for oppo-
by Messrs. Rayner
Chancery Lane, London. who
prepared the above list for
Chronicle. Lode

quoted.
sition will. be
and Co., of 5.
have specially
The Gardeners

sent free

DAVID SWAIN & $9.

—
VA Yu t PARAS

Padi FT Y!

EE mmo
4... 5 ለዛ

— —

WIOCLCETS

FON BEDS, ፳658 GARDENT AND WATURALIZING..

Miss STANISTREET cari supply now healthy”

‘young plants, properly selected ard packed hy:

8::5ሙህ/፪፪. from | ber unique. collection oF over"
35 Varieties.

LS Ma pens o quete m e e t t

| ር Dasmipipé dm Tus -
MOLIIJLORE, | TO. CLARE. ;

WIIS UNIVERSAL MANURE |

For al Vēgetablas, Allotrasné ond Garden Crops.
ET 185. Be 786 115. itii Qt;
CYAMQOUS. FOR: HALE i x HON TU RAT
SQLDD-BX ALL5L-BSEEISALGM. —
WITH'S CHEMICAL: MANURE. ር6.
des Be RE Lgs o ፳ n: |

2i

ts

/ —— on — MTM 2. eM P E
‘ 7 Tale ሦ Ye J wer : ^ ‘
. Vr oni መ ላ

Yos: cam diera በርሽ with Weticide—clear the parden -.
NU S aM drives, etc. «md do i | quiskiy with liie weedkiller -
ን. J Apo: Méga. T rbi Cerauerded " PY The Royal x
v: TEES “Morteditieal ROCII:

COOPER'S

WE ED ICIDE

; wall. አ፡ርሬ Ba) dioi ek tw You media. on
ዘኗሯሠወ weesficitüny: sabe a Ph te: Darren, 1ክ፻5 eee fot) 4385: Gallon;
AN xe dco Lar. 2:7; ) ሀ-ሆ ቋቋ 294/ሬሠ #2. * 5 ዕሉ ss

der prede. “ቁ. ቅም LET. "ue e elas hate vers

H die ke Abbat tome —E unl, piiss vigil o

COOPER & NEPHEWS, Utd, BERKHAMSTED,

HOT HOUSE
BUILDERS,

CAU opcs መም rm

TEXYIMON là:
raor “«
Axisury

! 28
Frames

su <

ክቡ; AM “ፈጂ at the evade: »

WU. WOE END end — ipe vee ta ta aX urn

Dy

— —— — — mareni qiia ct ott o ar do^

LOOK! TANNED GARDEN NETS

| Air orders. despatched 88፡06 day

35 yards 'ጌ. | yard. 2/=, 23 x 3, Sir; 25 5:3) Me

Odd netong: for biushies, 6 ita. for 2/8.

SAJ: carriage pal. እ sizes aupplied
Also’ Tennis Banndary Nee

MOORE. & Co, Net Works, RYE.

CELLS WEEDS -.
| FERTICIZESIbeGRASS `
E Tie. Lawy fmprover |
with 20 yparg የወኮሀ፻ጸ- '

> particulary bam

Garden — 116.

/ Hon. tu. 905914. ‘kay d

PLANT HOUSES
FRUIT. HOUSES

HEATING APPARATUS.
OCOTTAGES AND BUILDINGS | FOR "ESTATES
. GARDEN FRAMES, ALL KINDS —

one pleased wuh.
í DS.
TULEPBOTE:

© ROTIE: Wm.

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ETT “Susser Road, Holloway, -

LONDON, N. 7.

GARAGES .
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FUSS ha. — THEMUMS,
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— — — — — — -r — — a ም

ህክጻሆ9፥ Carriage. Paid: 40: any. Statian.

A. B. JOHNSTON,
New Park, Cranleigh, SURREY;

EVERY
GARDENER
KNOWS
THAT

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GUNNERA MANICATA. —
A he tabat doble. oF Hardy. Foliage piits, ' AO —

We can. ater extra atrong’« crowns eC the (rie species. -
«Price tst, wepi eolia: Güuectious, ari -applicatiun.

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11 | DOWNERS — sar 1708 : 3 y

ጨሰ now he seen in blossom |

፻ ተክዬ 555. AND
CHEAPEST,
SPECIAL POTS

Clematia, Orchids, 2nd. .
Chrysanthemums.,

ancy Sero Pank sad.
Bulb Bowls,
from 3d. gach.

Ne- Waiting?
All: Orders executed :
the sme day az’
Yeczived.

in ‘all their glorious beauty at

pA The Potsthat Drain

4 | 8 የሽብር
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- —— JQOHIEHSE TERN: | | V
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one one tuve Csrriage Puid wactotian, ur. write-

e ‘ma dlstrated Frine Vist,

RiCHAUD SANKEY & SON, LTD.
Awarded Gold Medal Angle suiriian. Exhibition. -$ i m * i Kj SU |

Bun Perks,
Weed KEülter-T to make 25 gallons, 3- -; tin tor

dies 5 SALE :2

BULWELL. ሊዲ አዜ አ ይሩ
80 gallons, $/«. postage, Wd. on each

Lawn Sand. De 4-. 50 Ibs, 13/— | የዚሸገፅህር
paid od 4 cwi, du Rend for Price List:

ARIE, —— ad ems — KENT.

MONAGHAN'S

UN m. W ———— ከ PREN

; UÜrasrarto St. , Higerpool. SERES

MANOHESTT ER

—

Each Volume. is written aS — M oe. — — wid ድ — ‘pias. |
የች ው from. Colour - Photographe by- TC — WALTHAM ` ERS. s c
—— ረዐጢቢ DAFFODILS. By the, Rer. 1 JACOB. With preface x
= bythe lae Rev. W. WILKS, MA: 25d
4 DAHLIAS. By the. Tate GEORGE ። " GORDON; y, M. He
$3" LILIES. By A. GROVE, E LS. with. preface. by the ከ6 =
D Ae is E EL WES ERS. ገር
| ROOT and | STEM VEGETABLES. By the M
: EX late AL. DX DEAN, MMC. P
— es SWEET. PEAS. 87 HORACE. I WRIGHT,
ome. TULIPS. - By the Rev. dE JACOB. z
Each "Volume 4/.. post. ። a Sa —— dep. : Se

GARDENERS CHRONICLE, Ltd., 5, Tavistock Street, Covent አ. London, wc ር. b
suni መ... |

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damage fubiage n or —— WATERPROOF. ts SMALL. ese. ፡-| M MONAGHAN. SLUG DESTROYER. Cus à
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gd H, ROBINSON, Net "Works, em 1... E KORDNE, NOWE “BRIDGE, . ATHERTO & —

Xll.

SITUATIONS VACANT

Twenty words (or three lines including headline),

4s., and.18. for every succeeding eight words (or
line or portion thereof). Fee for having replies
addressed to this office, 18.

Advertisers desiring their | Advertisements.
repeated must give full particulars,

otherwise no notice can be taken of their
communications. Name and address alone

are insufficient.

Gardeners writing to Advertisers of Vacant
Situations are recommended to send them
copies of testimonials only, retaining the
originals. To part የ" original documents
means to run a great risk of their being
mislaid. l

When addressing Box numbers, it is essential
to give the initials or peeudonym, as well as
the correct number of the box.

MUNICIPAL AND PUBLIC.

UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM.

HEAD WORKING GARDENER required
for the University Grounds at Edgbaston, area
approximately 45 acres, including over 20 acres playing

dg; preference given to Kew trained man; wages
£4 10s. per week. accompanied
be sent on or before

from whom further

Applications,
shoul
June 8th to the undersigned,
particulars may be obtained.

C. G. BURTON,
Secretary.

PRIVATE.

HEAD WORKING GARDENER of five
required, age about 40, good experience and
references essential, cottage, apply with all particulars.—
MRS. SUGDEN, Lower Cheam House, Sutton, Surrey.

ANTED at once, HEAD WORKING

GARDENER, two under, for north Notte; very

little glass.— Apply R. H. R., Box 12, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

( HEAD WORKING, re-
ference given to foreman who has had e ence
under glass and understands grape cultivation; must be
prepared to work hard inside and out to restore charming
grounds to pre-war beauty; four others kept.—Apply
CAPTAIN TICKLER, Upton Court, Slough, Bucks.

ANTED, HEAD WORKING GAR-
DENER of two, must understand cows; Wife

charge of ultry; house provided.—COUNTESS OF
DESART, Hawkhurst Court, Wisborough Green, Sussex.

1... ር practical FRUIT GROWER
wanted to take charge of large Orchard in
Cambridgeshire; must be a good organiser and thoroughly
experienced in all tree culture; cottage found.—State
f e par CUNS of experience, in confidence, and wages
required, to C. E., Box 2, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C.2.

M ee GARDENER (unmarried)
required immediately ; room, light, firing pro-
vided.—Write wages, experlence, Mrs. MACDONNELL,
* Shralgh," Wimbledon Common, S.W.

(AS any gentleman recommend good, all-
'" round, SINGLE-HANDED GARDENER, with help,
for south-west Hants.—Write to Mrs. RAWSTORNE,
Roche Court, Fareham, Hants.

ANTED, SINGLE MAN, capable of

taking charge of small flower and vegetable

garden, wages 35/-, state experfence.—MAJOR SLADEN,
Kingswood House, Gt. Missenden,

THE

GARDENERS’

APABLE GARDENER, good knowledge

/ of flowers, Oxfordshire; boy kept. £2 per week,
cottage, and fuel—Apply POWELL «& CO, Estate
Offices, Lewes, Sussex.

ANTED, GARDENER as SECOND of

four; fruit, vegetables, flowers, ctc.; Inside and
Outside experience; single man.—Apply W. LAMBDEN,
Head Gardener, Maidenhateh, Pangbourne, Berks.

a. -

V ANTED, SECOND GARDENER, Inside
and Out, principally In.—Apply, CROPPER,
Mount Ballan, Chepstow.

ANTED, good SECOND GARDENER
of three, experlenced Inside and Out. Wimbledon
ABIT Z., Box 1, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,

*

— — — — — — — — — ———— መመ መው

O E INSIDE FOREMAN, must. be well
up fruit and plant growing; bothy or .lodgi
rovided. Wages must be stated, also age.—Reply x
M The Gardens, St. Leonard's Forest, Horsham,
ussex.

ANTED, GENERAL FOREMAN with

good experience in fruit and paute especially

Carnations and Chrysanthemums. A FIR and

SECOND JOURNEYMAN.—State experience, age, etc.,

to DICKSON & ROBINSON, The King’s Seedsmen,
Manchester. k

ANTED. FOREMAN, &bout 20, to take

charge of greenhouses, would suit First Journey-

man. Wages 35-, bothy and attendance; duty extra.—
A. D. SMITH, Sherfield Manor, Basingstoke, Hants.

ANTED, INSIDE FOREMAN, married,

must have good knowledge of his work, plants,
and fruit, one with commercial experience preferred ;
good cottage. Write stating experience, age, etc.—
J. W. FORSYTH, Putteridge, Luton.

OREMAN, capable, Inside man, well up

in fruit, plants, Carnations; also Outside

JOURNEYMAN ; wages 40/- and 36/-, bothy, etc., duty

6/- extra: apply with copies of references; state age.—

H. WHEELDON, Dundas Castle Gardens, South Queens-
ferry, West Lothian. . ፡

ነዓ ር general OUTSIDE LEAD, for
Wimbledon, experienced in kitchen garden,
herbaceous borders, etc., single man preferred ; no bothy,
but suitable accommodation with board obtainable near.
Wage 55/-, includes duty every third week; interesting
place for energetic. capable man desirous acquiring
good, all-round experience; first-class recommendation
essential.—Letter stating age, experience, together with
up-to-date recommendations to G. O. L. Box 10,
5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

~

ANTED for Gloucestershire, GARDENER

for Kitchen Garden, another kept; good cottage,

coal, 32/-; middle aged, no family; good reference.—

H. t. F., Box 11, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,
W.C. 2.

ANTED, experienced YOUNG MAN for
Pleasure Grounds, wages £2 per week, duty 5/-.—
R. STREET, The Lodge, Effingham, Surrey.

ANTED, for Pleasure Grounds, experi-

enced MAN, good worker, Atco mower. Wages

40/- weekly, bothy, etc.; duty every third week Anni `

with full particulars, MARSHALL, The Gardens, Maple
Hayes, Lichfield, Staffs.

ANTED, active YOUNG MAN, with
experience, for plant and fruit houses chiefy.
Alternate duty, 5/- extra. Wages 30/-, with furnished
room, attendance, etc., on place.—Full rticulars, age,
experience, references, to HEAD GARDENER, Cliveden
Gardens, Shenfleld, X.

ANTED, YOUNG MAN, chiefly for
flower garden, herbaceous borders, hard tennis
courts; wages 32/-, bothy, etc. duty every third week,
6/-.—Full particulars 10 W. PROWTING, Hinchingbrooke
Gardens, Huntingdon.

ANTED, YOUNG MAN, not under 21,
for Kitchen Garden, some experience, and able
to take duty. 28/- per week, bothy,. and attendance.—

G. TAYLOR, Bulstrode Gardens, Gerrard’s Cross,
Bucks.
OURNEYMAN, age 23, for Kitchen.
Garden and Pleasure Grounds, experienced ` in

—— growing; no bothy.—H. J. MUSTCHIN, Common

Gardens, Cricklade, Wilts.

CHRONICLE.

_ AP
sta

JuNE 6, 1925.

TRADE.

RAMEYARD FOREMAN PROPAGATOR

wanted in hardy plant nursery. Apply by letter,

stating, age, expericnce, and wages required.—FRAME,
Box 5, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

ANTED. a NURSERY FOREMAN, well

versed ín hardy ornamental trees and shrubs,

roses, etc, and used to management of men; liberal

wages and permanency to right man.—Particulars on

application to D. STEWART «& SON, LTD. Fern-
down Nurseries, near Wimborne, Dorset.

ANTED, WORKING ROSE AND

FRUIT FOREMAN, used to growing quantities,

or smart, energetic YOUNG MAN, good budder and

grafter, capable of taking charge under supervision.—

ply, giving age, wages expected, and testimonials.

ing where experience was gained.—S. McGREDY &
SON, Royal Nurseries, Portadown

ANTED, competent KNIFESMAN with

general knowledge of fruit trees, Roses, shrubs.
forest trees, etc.—Apply, with copies testimonials and
wages wanted with free house and firing, to MANAGER,
Lissadell, Sligo.

WANTED for budding season (June, July
and August) two experienced ROSE BUDDERS,
temporary position only offered, but every llity
for a permanency to the right men.—Apply to R.
MURRELL, Rose Acre Shepperton-on-Thames.

ANTED, energetic YOUNG MAN for

roses, used to budding and Rating: also one

or two YOUNG MEN for Carnations, Chrysanths., etc.—
Apply BLACKBURN’S, Florists, Huddersfield.

ANTED, MARRIED MAN, small family.

experienced in bulb forcing, Chrys, and
eneral nursery work; cottage and garden provided.
tate references and wages required —FRANK H.
COOKE, Gosberton, Spalding.

ERBACEOUS and ALPINES. — Smart
MAN (unmarried), with good knowledge of
ropagation, lifting, despatching, etc., wanted by Scotch
rm; wages 00;-—Apply, with refs, ete, 8. T.
Box 34, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

ROWER wanted, Cues., Tomatoes, Chrys..
and general for market.—VICKERS INVERESR
MARKET GARDENS, Tilston Malpas, Cheshire.

ANTED, Inside and Out, energetic
YOUNG MAN, single, must be good potter and

one interested in Dahlia growing. State experience, age,

and wages required.—J. W. FORSYTH, Putteridge.
Luton.
URSERY GROWER wanted for Toms.

Cues., etc. ; house found; progressive to suitable
man.—Apply, stating wages, experience, etc. to the
MANAGER, Himalayan Nurseries, Penrhyn, Cornwall.

ANTED, SINGLE MEN for laying out.

jobbing and nursery work, apply by letter,—
W. G. MOORE, 58, Ducks Hill Road, Northwood,
Middlesex.

We experienced GARDENERS for
landscape and jobbing. work, temporary employ-
ment offered to head gardeners seeking situatiorns.—
Apply WM. BIGNELL & SON, 48, North Road, High-
gate Village, N.6.

Y ANTED, MALE ASSISTANT for seeds.

bulbs. and. sundries, provincial experience 4

recommendation.—Apply by letter, stating age. expe-

rience and salary required to WM. BIGNELL & SON as
above. =

ANTED, competent LEDGER CLERK

and BOOK-KEEPER; a man with good know-

ledge of the horticultural trade; shorthand and type-

writing an advantage, CDD, stating age, wages required,

and experience, to H. P. Messrs Wood & Ingram.

Huntingdon.

ANTED, REPRESENTATIVE, experi-

enced in requirements of fruit growers, farmers.

and estates, by large firm of Seedsmen and Nurserymen.—

Apply, L. D. B. Box 0, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

EED TRADE.—TRAVELLER required to
attend Fareham. Guildford, Petersfleld, Chichester.

Newbury, Andover, and Reading markets; must he
thoroughly experienced.—Send full particulars, expen-
ence, and salary required, to TOOGOOD & SONS,
LTD., The King's Seedamen, Southampton.

ANTED, Young Lady Florist as FIRST

ASSISTANT under manageress, with knowledge

of bulbs and seeds.—BIDE & SONS, Victoria Rond.
Aldershot.

; SSISTANT FLORIST, good saleswoman

and maker-up, state experience, wages and age.—
J. NASH & SONS, 11, High Street, Wimbledon.

JUNE 6, 1925.

SITUATIONS WANTED

Twenty words 28., and Gd. for every succeeding

eight words or portion thereof. (Advertisements at

this special rate are only accepted direet from

gardeners and nursery employees.) Fee for having

replies addressed to this office, 1s.

PRIVATE.

YTEWARD or STEWARD HEAD GAR.
DENER seeks good post where genuine service
appreciated, age 37, married, no family, F. R. H.S.,. N. R. S..
ete; original, - capable, ‘every branch of the work, any
sound proposition entertained any where.—Write D. B.,
ነህኋ 3, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

Lp BAILIFF or HEAD GARDENER;
d

14 vears as above; highest references as to

character and ability; — disengaged.—H. E. STOWE,
Grosvenor Road, Handsworth, Birmingham.

NARDENER, HEAD. seeks situation. life
experience in Noblemen’s Gardens, Inside and Out,
married, one girl ten years, age 47, good references,
disengaged.—FROST,
Watford.

ARDENER, HEAD, seeks re-engagement
where large quantities of first-class produce are
required, Inside and Out, general management, highly
recommended, age 40, please state wages with cottage,
South preferred. — A. GARDNER, 69, St. Peters
Grove, Canterbury.

ARDENER, HEAD, seeks re-engagement ;

life experience in noblemen's gardens, Inside

and out, 6 years Head, accustomed to marketing

surplus produce; married, age 38, excellent references.

— Bb SON, Bourton House Gardens, Shrivenham,
rks.

A> HEAD or SINGLE-HANDED, with

help: personally recommended: leaving own
wish: 19 vears’ experience all branches; take full charge:
age 44, married, no family ; cottage required ; no objection
to neglected. garden.—PEARSON, Towerhead Cottages,
Banwell, Somerset,

EAD WORKING GARDENER, ዐየ

GARDENER-BAILIFF ; thorough practical ex-
perience, highly recommended, middle age, Scotch,
married.—COLVILLE, Drumnasole, Carnlough, co.
Antrim.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING; first-
class experience in up-to-date growing, fruita,
flowers, and vegetables; thoroughly competent, highly
recomm:nded from past employers.—BOLTON, Ystrad,
Carmarthen Town. :

ARDENEHR, HEAD WORKING, seeks
JA situation, life experience in all branches, 7
vears last. place; married, 2 girls, ages 5 and 7
vears.—MARCHMENT, Cecil Lodge, Abbots Langley,
Watford.

*YARDENER, HEAD WORKING, 20

years all-round experience in good establishments,
present place 5 years, head of five; well recommended ;
married, 2 children.—FRIEND, Grange Farm, Chartridge,
Chesham, Bucks.

EAD WORKING GARDENER seeks

situation, life experience in all branches, wife good

cook and willing to help if required: no family.—
J. LINWOOD, Priory Farm, Harrow Weald, Middlesex.

—

ENTLEMAN confidently recommonds as
HEAD WORKING, keen. interested man, life
experience all branches, Inside and Out: control staff ;
excellent references, 3% years present: age 33: married,
no family. Please state wayes.—E. BRYANT, Burley,

Reading.
HFA? WORKING GARDENER, where
two or more are kept: life experience in all

branches, gained in large establishments ; highly recom-
mended; age 36, married, no ramily.—PASCOE, Upton
Court Lodge, Upton, Slough, Bucks,

High Street, Abbots Langley, '

THE

GARDENERS’

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, expe-

X rienced Inside and Out, married, no family, wife

willing to help in house occasionally, or look after

poultry, highly recommended.—CA RTER, 19, West Hill,
Epsom, Surrey.

*XHE Duke: and Duchess of Northumberland's
Head Gardener, at Albury Park, Guildford. wishes
highly to recommend W. WALLIS as HEAD WORKING
GARDENER where six or seven ate kept; he is a
thoroughly reliable man with a good practical grip of his
rofession and a good manager of labour; 24 years
nside Foreman at Albury: married when suited; can
give interview at any time ; fullest enquiries solicited.

ARDENER. HEAD WORKING, seeks
re-engagement: life experience in all depart-

ments: marketing of surplus produce and the general
management of a good establishment; 7 years Head;
age 40, married.—HR. W. L., Box 9, 5, Tavistock street,
Covent Garden, W.C.2.

YARDENER, HEAD WORKING, or good
SINGLE-HANDED; life experience all branches;
married, good references, with cottage. — GARDENER,
co of J. Smith, Newsagent, Shepperton-on-Thames,
Middlesex (No Circulars).

( ...... ሽ..፡...፡ married. re-

quires situation, SINGLE-HANDED or SECOND;
excellent refs.; moderate wage, cottage preferred ; good
all-round experience; last fifteen months Single-handed.—
A. READER, co Marshall's Library, High Street,
Harlow, Essex.

ARDENER seeks situation with help, good

all-round experience, excellent references; married,

three in family. youngest age 11.—HAWKES, The
Croft, Wookey Hole, Wells, Somerset.

YARDENER seeks situation, good practical

all-round man, Inside and Out, free any time,

mare no family.—A. SMITH, Westcote, Kingham,
xon.

NARDENER or SECOND in good establish-
ment, age 32, married; 15 years practical ex-
ence in all branches, well recommended.—W.
AWRENCE, Stanbury, Spencers Wood, near Reading.

R. LATIMER, Head Gardener at Herriard
Park, can with confidence recommend F,
FORWARD as SECOND GARDENER, where three or
four are kept: 7 — experience Inside and Out;
married.—Apply FORWARD, Brockwood Lodge, Alres-
ford, Hants.

ARDENER. SECOND, life experience,

Inside and Out, age forty, married, one boy age

three years. —cF. O. CORMELL, Lower Gardens, Mount
Edgcumbe, Plymouth.

ARDENER, S?»cond of five, desires situation

as FOREMAN, life experience both Inside and

Out: age 32; married, two children. — GARDENER,
89, Collingwood Road, Sutton, Surrey.

OREMAN, Inside. seeks situation;

thoroughly experienced in all fruits; good references,

married, no family.—J. H. WILKINS, Bourton, Shriven-
ham, Berks.

'OREMAN. General or Inside, requires

situation; thoroughly experienced in all branches;

age 36, sIngle.—T. G., Box 4, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2. e

—

We stuation in Kitchen Garden,
or Fruit: good references: age 28.—A. JENNER,
Tongswood, Hawkhurst, Kent.

LEASURE GROUNDSMAN requires situa-
tion as Lead, excellent refs., age 24, disengaged
when suited lease state wages with bothy, etc.—
L. WHITING, The Bothy, Bookham Grove, Bookham,
urrey.

UGH KERSHAW, Esq, Lew House
Bampton Oxfordshire, wishes to recommend a
strong YOUTH for Kitchen Garden and Pleasure Ground
under a Foreman, bothy preferred.—FOSTER KITE,
Norton, Worcester.

OUTH. 19. wanting Inside knowledge,

seeks situation, Inside and Out: 5 years’ experience

Outside ; strong and willing.—Apply C. EDWARDS. The
Gardens, Attingham, Shrewsbury,

CHRONICLE.

— — —— — ———— —

IN MEE MANAGER, Florist, practical
Je life experience first-grade crops, Inside and Out,
wholesale and retail; first-class grower in quantity for
specialities; energetic; single; good controller, take full

control; disengaged early June—W. H., Box 7,
5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.
ENERAL Nursery Manager, Salesman,

ete., seeks position as REPRESENTATIVE; life
experience; single.—S. B., Box 8, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2,

NOREMAN and GROWER, London, Pro-
vincial experience with market and shop produce,
soft-wooded, pot, decorative plants, cut bloom, fruit,
propagation, routine branches in general ; goad references.
—Ivy Cottage, Leighs, Chelmsford.

OUNG MAN desires post, early July,

— appearance and address, keen and interested ;
scientific and practical experience. fruit,. flowers, Orchids,
vegetables under glass and outside.—DUFTON, Midland
Agricultural College, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough.

GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

Scale of Charges for Advertisements.

Advertisements intended for insertion in the next issue
MUST reach THE PUBLISHER not later than

TUESDAY, 5 p.m.

Ordinary Facing matter

positions. or back cover.
Page ........›.››...... £12 0 0 .... £15 9 @
j-Page ............... 6 9 6 ...... 710 €
}-Page .......... 3 8 6 ..... 315 0
Column ............ 4 9 0 ...... 5 9 9
pColumn........ 2 9 6 ...... 219 9

SMALL ADVERTISEMENTS.
Including Situations Vacant, ordinary position,
payable in advance :—

First 3 lines (not exceeding 20 words) 4 9
Per line or part line (up to 8 words) after 1 0
DISPLAYED.

Per inch, single column ............... 89
Per inch, across 2 columns............ 16 9
Per inch, across 3 columns............ £1 4 0

FRONT PAGE (no display allowed).
Per line space (headline counted as
two lines)............ eee eee eee ee eene 2 0

SITUATIONS WANTED.
First 3 lines (not exceeding 20 words), 2/-, and Gd.
for every additional 8 words or portion thereof. '
(Advertisements at this Special Rate are payable
in advance, and are only accepted direct
| Gardeners, etc.).

DISCOUNTS, &c.

On front page advertisements no discounts are allowed.
On a series of other advertisements, if ordered in advances,
they are allowed as follows :—

For three insertions, 5%; thirteen, 10%; twenty-six,
15%; fifty-two, 20%. ni k

All series must be arranged to attain completion within
twelve months.

Advertisers may have replies to their advertisements
addressed to the GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE Office.

A fee of 1s. is charged for this service, and
initials, Box number and our own address must
also be included in the number of words paid for.

Cheques and Postal Orders are to be made payable to
GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, LTD., and crossed “ & Co."

5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

Telegrams: * Gardchron Telephone.
Rand, London," Gerrard 1543

THR GARDEN ERS

——————Á —

3 Juwe 0, 4925. ሃብ

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| “GREENHOUSE SHADING”
| ypo.: * — p እ "anne: Yi
ነ We i ange i WOOD: CATHO
8ኒበዛ55 AND PIT

' ፡ Ta aad hinted

HORTICULTURAL BUILDERS:
(cC OARD.
HEATING ENGINEGARS,

—

LONDON OFFICE: ፡
Albert Manaiors, Victoria T sow. x

ES i. dup P — T
> REPAIR WORK AND HE
SBAINVING ~ dn x guided
ARRUA, ofr: lad ‘pipas ወዛ.
ዳኛ PES Voie” of Pest —

| We Aayite enjamiss Tor: Coneeiyatoriels pr 4

Growing Haonies, iy eqnimed.. Vd
Represeetativon aeui to ሂጋቷሦ pastisuiers:, COLE
Bent Value ar Lowey Virirtss Y

—

| Gatéjoguys, | Plans * stie ten Fre. .

-BEESTON, NOTTS.

diae been building Greenhouses | from. 1841- 1o

ነች 955, A. récord. of S “years” of sound, construction.

| 6008 Greenhouses: last—others - do. not.
| "The ROBIN HOOD BOILER

reduces the fuel bill and saves labour,
Estimates: oe | application Free.

iin |
US ..፡ SB RUVER VED AL, e | ; Bore Shoes ut, appreciation from s
ቫ ተ ዘ j" 25129 ‘Ay AS NAR EIS: —— 4 ሰያ; zih, 1924;
HORSE SHOE. BOILER T p Leser Qs: NENAGH. Tuy PUE |

— wg iene" wiprked.. uic d ‘a, Sanstactsry «nd
— EPA amiss A pporesud as your Hoe Show,
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Vues TOT HULSE net io eiasat. $5: Auri Mood
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| — ra e dp garden SECES. Dp ek dhot SG K m BI AE ፲፻ *
CE ulis Ae ai. tan Gu 30: ht ዚህ ጋባ =
E ty Gardeners as the World's best — — Xie እ Bu t do SR SUR ORG Se Cir
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‘SERRE 054] He the R.H. s. ‘and other Gardens, . —— : CMM DUYWWO በዜ CUM gh ሂዳይ WITH 7 e t.
: Wy wat seite that Heniing proposition nou: PC “Hoang t ያ Predin, ‘faxed % any pact af the —
| pl Loss uw Booklet L—Mahing the Mast: sf Your Gréondeute: J ያሠሪ on tewe si.

T AC & 00, LTD., 65, 65A, SOUTHWARK ST., LONDCH, 5 ጊ

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ii. | m THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE. JUNE 13, 1925

AUCTION SALE OF
A GRAND COLLECTION OF OLD JAPANESE DWARF TREES

received direct from Japan. Including Unique Specimens of Thuja obtusa and Pines over 100 years old, and
many ranging from 40 years and upwards. Beautifully coloured Red and Bronze-leaved Maples, Dwarf Larch,
Pines, Oaks, etc., also very old Wistarias, blue and white-flowering variety, producing spikes 18 ins. to 2 ft. long,
together with several specimens of the rare Azalea Kurume. in various colours, and
JAPANESE MINIATURE LANDSCAPE GARDENS
in assorted sizes, all growing freely in porcelain pots and pans. BAMBOO FLOWER BASKETS, BAMBOO
CANES. Also HARDY PALMS and BAY TREES, suitable for standing out during the Summer, and
Decorative Plants, Garden Ornaments, etc.

-Messrs. PROTHEROE & MORRIS

a

ን CENTRAL AUCTION ROOMS, 67 & 68, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.C. 2.

On FRIDAY, JUNE 19th, at ONE O’CLOCK.
On view two days prior. Catalogues በከ application. ’Phone: City 3856.

PROPERTY TO LET.

BUSINESSES FOR SALE. |
|
| T? LET.—Small Nursery near London.
i

SALES BY AUCTION.

— — — — — — — — — —— — ው መሙ — —jh —

with good West End connection: 2 acres of ground,
130 feet of glass heated. well stocked: stock (including:
frames, lights, box van, motor, etc.). and goodwill. £220.—
For full particulars apply A. C. KENNEDY, 10, Victoria
Road, Twickenham, Middlesex.

SLE well-established Fruiterers', Florists’:

and Seed Business, with Nursery, on main road. |

WEDNESDAY NEXT, JUNE 17th.
country town West of England. Valuable Freehold

AT THREE O'CLOCK. ነነ
{ premises, comprising good Shop and comfortable House.
Consignments of with an acre of Land. & Greenhouses, Outbuildings, Fruit

Trees, ete. Turnover about £2,000 vearly. — Prices,
BAY TREES, PALMS, ARAUCARIAS, including Freehold, with Stock, Crops, Motor Van. ete.,
complete, £2.000.—Apply AUBREY & CO., 96, Newgate
ASPIDISTRAS, street, London, E.C.1.
and other decorative Plants from Belgium.

ESSRS. PROTHEROE & MORRIS,
will sell the above at their CENTRAL SALE ROOMS,
0; «& 65, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.C.2.

On Wednesday next, June 17th.
Catalogues post free on application.

BUSINESS CARD.

| |
= 2 — AMES BACKHOUSE, ELS. ፦'.3]4.11.5
T 1 NT 4 “ፅጌ - ያ ቅ ቆ . . LEE
URSERY BU SINESS and well-known ህጋ for many years Chairman of the late ‘arm of James
; Ma finds ui — e OM south poan Backhouse and Son, Limited, having retired from York

own. with excellent market, about 5 acres in all an iHe : 4 "qr'TT 2 3 ኔ
| 1000 ft. glass. All in good condition. Capital house and offers his services as GARDEN CONSULTANT; 30 years
|
! |

cottage. Price: £3.750 for freehold, with possession, or
would he let on lease at £200 p.a. Fine opportinity.
—Owner’s Agents, Messrs. KILLICK. & DAVIES,
Eastbourne.

experience, specially in connection with Alpine and
Herbaceous Plants; advice given for Rock Garden
construction and planting, also for permanent flower
borders, boundary plantations, etc.—Ad for terms to
Caer Fegla, Arthog, North Wales.

BOOKS on BOTANY and J FOR SALE.
HORTICULTURE. |»... BEST PAYING RETAIL FORISTS’ BUSINESS

IN THE HEART OF THE

CITY OF WINNIPEG

Most thriving City in Western Canada, pop. 225,000. Sales only limited by capacity

MESSRS. |

Estd. 1744

i of range. Plants and cut flowers grown exclusively.
|
|

Q)OTH EBY & CO.
ho

34-35, NEW BOND STREET, LONDON, W. 1. | Establishment very compact, comprising nine glass houses, with all cypress roofs,
machine ventilators, 11,000 feet double thick glass, all adequately hot water heated to
stand extreme cold, with electric thermometer alarm system, packing room, extensive
potting shed 10 x 50; all houses lit by electricity and attached to 8-roomed dwelling.
Soft lake water in every house and automatic electric pump distributes warmed water
from 6,500-gallon soft water cement tank. Extensive system of hot beds and cold frames
with 4,500 feet all cypress sash, glazed with double thick glass. Asphalt sidewalks and
streets to property. Torrens Title.
Situated on 12 City lots, and portion of grounds not occupied by houses is planted
—— in Peonies and hardy herbaceous flowers.

All buildings in best of repair and subject to strictest inspection. Statements can be

C. HARMAN PAYNE, Esq. verified and all records and books open to bona-fide purchaser.

Sold by order or Messrs. Frank Payne & Co. 1924 BUSINESS $22,700.00, WITH NET PROFIT OF $5,900.00.
E 387, Great Tower Street, F.C. 3.) | AVERAGE NET PROFIT FOR 5 YEARS, $5,500.00.
Owner, wishing to retire, offers the above as a going concern with possession July rst.
All successive crops of cut flowers, Ferns, Cyclamen, etc., are being provided for and
stock of these and herbaceous plants and Peonies will be turned over at less than
wholesale cost.

|
REQUIRE $20,000.00 FOR ENTIRE PLANT
|
|
|

Will sell by AUCTION
On Wednesday, June 24th,
COMMENCING AT ONE O°CLOCK,

‘The well-known and extensive collection of Works

` relating to Botany and Horticulture the property

On view at least (wo days prior.

' Catalogues may be had.

PROPETI ee ta the Land (which is Torrens Titled), together with the Goodwill.

Terms at least half cash, balance arranged. This is less than cost of buildings alone,
and as can be noted, would pay over 256 on investment, or in four years more than

1 pay for itself.
Fertile land, long frontage to Public Highway, for sa ፡ —
odale, or will ከ6 let on lease. Frontage to Langley Road, | Without exaggeration, this is one of the finest openings for a live couple or company.

(lose. to” Slough.—Further particulars from MESSRS. —
BÜCKLAND 4 SONS, Slough | E. M. ANTENBRING, Polson Avenue Greenhouses, Winnipeg, Canada,

' TO FRUIT GROWERS AND MARKET
ረ . GARDENERS.

_L.ANGLEY. Bucks. 231 acres. Excellent

JUNE 13, 1925.

NOTICES.

LANGPORT PAEONY PAGEANT.
PAEONY WEEK AT KELWAY’S.
Second Week—June 15th to 2181.

ANY thousand plants of the famous
KELWAY varieties in flower. Come and see
them growing “in their habit as they live." A better
guide even than specimen flowers at a show for the
selecting of varieties for planting in your own garden
this autumn.
On a main road and rallway route to the beautiful
and interesting West Country.
Great Western Railway Langport East Station, j mile;
Langport West Station, 1] mile.
Car route from London, via Salisbury ; from the North
and Midlands, via Bristol or Bath.
Hotel (Langport Arms).
on request.

Arrangements made

AVE YOU PROVIDED? See United
Horticultural Benefit and Provident Society's
Advertisement on Page v.

CHARLES SHARPE & CO., LIMITED.

EG to announce that they have acquired
as from this date the old-established seed-growing

business of
& F. SHARPE, WISBECH.
Correspondence, remittances, &c.. in connection with
the said business, up to and including May 3181, should
be addressed to H. & F. Sharpe. Wisbech, who will
collect accounts and discharge liabilities up to that date.
All communications in connection with the business as
from the present date, orders, &c., should be addressed
to Charles Sharpe & Co., Ltd., Sleaford.
Sleaford,
1st June, 1925.

MIDLAND AGRICULTURAL AND DAIRY
COLLEGE.

ONE-year Certificate Course in Horti-
ፈ culture will commence at the College on September
29th, 1925. Prospectus free from the Principal, Sutton
Bonington, Loughborough.

EXHIBITIONS.
COUNTY BOROUGH OF SOUTHPORT.

The Second Annual Great

FLOWER SHOW

including Horse Leaping

Promoted by the Corporation of the Connty Borough
of Southport will be held in the Victoria Park

SOUTHPORT

WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY and FRIDAY,
AUGUST 26th, 27th and 28th, 1925.

Cash Prizes, Twenty-three Silver Trophies, and
Gold and Silver Medals, are offered to the
total value of over

£2,900
CONCERTS BY MILITARY BANDS.
NO SIDE SHOWS.

GUINEA [SUBSCRIBERS RECEIVE
THREE SEASON TICKETS.

Some Press Opinions of the 1924 Show:

“ Southport—' England's Seaside Garden City '—has
scored a magnificent horticultural success in its Floral
Fete and set a highwater mark of extent and excell-
ence which it will be difficult for any provincial show
to reach, let alone excel." The Gardeners’ Chronicle,

“This amazingly successful show.”
The Manchester Guardian.

"One of the biggest successes in the history of
provincial flower shows,"
The Liverpool Post and Mercury.

“This great show, which in many respects surpassed
anything of the kind in the country."
Gardening Illustrated.

Schedules and Entry Forms for the Horticultural Classes
and the Horse Leaping Erents; particulars of spaces for
the exhibition of horticultural sundries, and a leaflet
giving charges of admission with reduced rates for parties,
of not less than 20, obtainable post free from the Secretary
Flower Show, Town Hall, Southport,

TUNBRIDGE WELLS
FLOWER SHOW

IN CALVERLEY GROUNDS
JUNE 30th and JULY Ist.

— — — —— — — -— — —

£200 in Prizes

(GUARANTEED)

For Schedules and all details :—

RUFUS T. LADE,
Hon. Secretary, Horticultural Society,
29, Hill View Road, Rusthall,
Tunbridge Wells.

CHELTENHAM SPA
FLOWER SHOW

Wed. & Thurs., June 24th & 25th next.
Magnificent Exhibits by Leading Horticulturists.
Splendid Prizes for Amateurs, including :

£4 Cash and Silver Vase value 5 Guineas
for best Decorated Table.

Schedules and full particulars from:
THE SECRETARIES,
58, HIGH STREET, CHELTENHAM SPA.

LINCOLNSHIRE

AGRICULTURAL SHOW

(Horticultural Section).
GRANTHAM. June 24, 25, 26.
ENTRIES CLOSE JUNE 26.

Open: Allotment Holders ; Amateurs and
Cottagers’ Classes.

OVER £200 IN PRIZES

A few spaces still available for TRADE EXHIBITS
(staging free).

H.R.H. PRINCE HENRY, K.G., will visit the show—
Band of H.M. Grenadier Guards (no extra charge for
admission to this section of the show). For trade spaces
and schedules apply to W. A. WATCHORN, Hon. Sec.,
130, Grantham Road, Sleaford.

ROYAL NORFOLK AGRICULTURAL ASSN.

GREAT SUMMER SHOW

at KING’S LYNN
JULY ist and 2nd, 1925.

HORTICULTURAL SECTION

ENTRIES CLOSE JULY 22nd.

For Prize Lists apply to W. J. CHAMBERLAIN,
8, Waterloo Street, KiNG's Lynn.

PLANTS, &c., FOR SALE.

ERNS ! CALADIUMS ! !—Begoniss, Palms,
Crotons Dracaenas, Gloxinias, Hydrangeas,
Geraniums, Ericas, Lilies, Ferns and How to Grow
Them, by J. E. SMITH, 3/6 post free. — SMITH,
London Fern Nurseries, London, 8.W. 9.
100 00 LARGE GARDEN FERNS,
5 30/- 100, variety ; wanted 1,000
large Aspidistras for dividing. Catalogues
SMITH, London, 8.W. 9.
RAUCARIAS.—A few very fine plants to
offer. 61 ft. high, not too spr in tubs, at

eading,
35/- each.—Apply ROBERT GREEN (1911), LTD., 28,
Crawford Street, Baker Street, London, W.i.

Fernery,

ALMS. Phoenix Canariensis, Chamerops
Excelsa, Kentia Forsteriana, Cocos Flexuosa, and
Phoenix Roebelinli. New price list now out. Also a
quantity of Dracoenas, Indivisa, Veitchi,
to offer in all sizes. Fine lot of stuff. p
apply ROBERT GREHN (1911), LTD., 28,
Street. London, W.1.

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

ALMS For Sale, room required,
choice Kentía Fosteriana, 10 to 12 feet high;
Coryphas Australis, 6 to 8 fect across; one Natania
Boi bonica, 8 feet high, 8 feet across; either singly or lot;
direct from winter garden.—Apply LINDEN HALL
HYDRO, Bournemout

MISCELLANEOUS.

RON AND WIRE FENCING for Gardens,
Ornamental Jron and Wire work ርየ
description. Catalogues G.C. 156; Iron Fencing and
Tree Guards, Catalogue G.C. 65: Wood and Iron
Gates, Catalogue G.C. 163; Kennel Railing, Catalogue
G.C. 86 ; Poultry Fencing, Catalogue G.C. 70. Ask for
separate lists.—BOULTON & PAUL, LTD., Norwich.

IRDS' BATHS, Sundials, Vases, Statuary,

Birds’ Nesting Boxes, ete—Catalogue (No. 3)
free—MOORTON, 60, Buckingham Palace Road, 8.W.1.
LD Carved Stone Sundial Pedestal with

brass dial, £7.—Apply tu KNIGHT & WILLIAMS,
9, Wentworth Studios, Manresa Road, Chelsea.

TONE PAVING.—Crazy and rectangu

York Garden Paving, Copings, Steps
and other Rocks for ock Gardens;
Rubble for “Dry” Walls. Nottingham Marl. Large
or small] quantities carriage paid to any Railway
Station in England.—HODSON & SONS, LTD,
Castlegate, Nottingham.

ORK STONE PAVING for Garden

Paths and Lily Ponds; rectangular or broken for
rustic work; steps and wall coping; rockery.—GEO.
VINT & BROS., Stone Merchants, Idle, Bradford.

ELECTED GREY WESTMORELAND
Weathered and Waterwork Mountain Limestone
Rockery. The flnest Rockery Stone: also York Stone
Garden Paving.—-HERBERT BROOK, High Road,
Whetatone, N.20; and Lightcliffe, Yorkshire.

OCKERY (Westmoreland). — Waterworn

Limestone for sale in 6-ton lots and upwards;

any quantity. — For rices, etc., write JOHN
WARDLEY & SONS, Slack Head, Milnthorpe.

INEST LOAM in England; new Surrey

cutting, very fibrous; truckloads quoted. Trial bags

Leaf Mould, Loam, Sand, or Peat, 3/- each; B. Slag, 6/6,
Super., 9-.—HERBERT SHEA, Soil Expert, Romford.

IN ein LOAM from
Ironstone Land, unequalled for fibre and colour;
sample 2-cwt. bags, 26, carriage forward; low rate for
truck loads.—NORTHAMPTONSHIRE LOAM CO,
18, Horsemarket, Kettering.

EAT MOULD, for Rhododendrons and
Nursery Work, 5/- bag, 25/- ton, in truckloads
on rail—_WALKER, Pinewoods, Camberley.

RAVEL (Surrey), binding without

stickiness, for paths and roads, 12/6 per ton
on rail in truck.—WALKEB, Pinewoods, Camberley,
urrey.

FARNHAM GRAVEL.

WE can load the celebrated Farnham
Gravel in 6 or 8 ton trucks from our own Pits,
Fine, 7/-, and Coarse, 7/6 per ton.—S. BIDE & SONS,
LTD., Farnham, Surrey.

OAL, Coke and Anthracite.—Trucks to
any station. House Coal from 12/6 per ton pit;
Welsh Anthracite,21/-pit; SemAnthracite (registered), 19/6;
Semi Anthracite, 18/-: Horticultural ke, 13/6: Gas
Works Coke, 17/--—-BUCKLE COLLIERY CO., 59 Hales,
Cheltenham.

SENATE DISPOSAL for country houses,
factories, farms, etc. ; no emptying of cesspools; no
solids; no open filter beds: everything underground and
automatic; a perfect fertiliser obtainable —WILLIAM
BEATTIE, 9, Lower Grosvenor Place, Westminster.
5 HOT WATER BOILERS up to largest
size made, all tested; 10,000 feet H.W. Pipes,
large quantity fittings, heating apparatus fixed com
piete, glasshouses or materials for same; garden
ghte, lists free; established here 27 years—C. A.
CHRISTIANSEN, Norwood Green, Southall, W.

ARDEN NETTING.—Best Selected Small

Mesh Tanned, 50 by 1 yard, 4/-, or 2 yards
8/-, or 4 yards 16 , carriage — Tennis Nets
and Standards. List free.—STRAW BERRY NETTING

CO., 5, Lowestoft.

ARDEN NETS, tanned, small mesh, for
Peas, Seeds, and Strawberry protection ; 30
yards long, 2 yards wide, 46; 30 yards by 3 yards,
7j-; 80 yards by 4 yards, ህ-: 30 yards by 5 yards,
11/6 30 yards by 6 yards, 14;. Carr. paid.—
ALFRED ROBINSON, Garden Net Works, Rye.

2 00 BUNDLES Chestnut Garden Stakes
5 5 to 10 feet. 1,000 Bundles Bean
Ro'ds.—MARTER & SON, Coombe Road, Kingston-

Suffolk Terrace,

on-Thames,

BU

dyes — THR GARDEXERS CHRONICLE. M L deve 15; 1085.

» ote ow m re =< wf Ng tt:
« d. i S

aer “WASTE YOUR “CARDEN ust
.- THE ADCO. PROCESS.

T twr esie qure oa

d wil 59:9 d buo. hd

fous SYNTHETIC

FARMYARD Manure

ADCO ena. "Vn J3usüranoe, Polley:
1... — KAS Dati — "^ * ድና ኢ.
Sr Ee fertiliser. Bu.
reluwe —— deat it Wü
TOR እ ያቺ ADCO Axcateratay |
x So TOTNM ያ eriuieta cd ዛክ —— materigi inch adi *

^

m

'#ቫ# needs; but when dead
—— — ihe bi "em eng
ቅ ው 6 un e
—— k *

à dong “est wet pel — wi ,

“KATAKI LA

“ROWDER © USSECTICIDE WASH | | is a Meese
REIDY S20 “ያኖ ነ 2 META WATER AE eee. ‘at Abbo nike fom tro 1a thre tona uf As 3

| *

— mE Io A ARE JC GANS Wee > 18 WAM De posed te Ree ይልቁ rabbiah treated. ;
* E Ax II — —— e i i " —D ፲ ji TAO Ascoleratat | ~ 28 Ih: at, $6 Ib. dis i wt Mee
| ጅ፻.22.22: EYER SIRE SY t, ይክ ለነ ለል) ጢት ADEO c. [p 210. 8:. 5 a ‘hs, amt. bi:

io Aor M |
| MEDUUGALL & ROBERTSON E ei — st senn ae oe
|... BERKHAMSTED, HERTS, ADCO, LTD, (858663. feris.

Tu

[NETTINGS]
፡ GARDEN ‘NETS, — ‘Fruit. Protection, oe |
S Any length and Mid tis Carded P 8:69.

New 16, — =< የ. Sey AU vo
Me. d [6፡84 y BRER dos

2'ወ "ያ. ?..!!-9-ሎሙ

19. 59- o. mediuin, 734...
iredi 58. 3g. mesh, eA V ን
d.—(not corded) r dn. 9.

Mesh, ብይ per 100. 5ባጩፎ: *'ords. INS
| NEW. TENNIS. BOUND ARY- 1515. 4
5 Any lengths and widths. Corded all round.
: Ae per aquire yin.

መ — droa 16) do ዛራ ‘ech.
ix RAN Samples: sid. ari Furnewhars | "nti he
bb ^ manufacturers: :

a dum BENTLEY. LIMITED, |
aia. 80%.

he A (Soie — WR i 59 à Boma) *
Gar Pantie — hak £o pen ን 3 a 3 r —*
ን —— Ape Ais hon, ona
| ‘Helebt 15. AaS 696. PI 5. 1 ||
vem Mo ee earns 9 ረር 25፡22 ||
— $ € ዘ ef He. for putt: and. Ped
Site —— Wd pen. #98:64-- jac: tor 86 “small gardens: = Ye
ን "5 ተክ ie | .!! Mound. of Merit RAS, Dakka. Tride a m 11
EO e EIE * ሆመ 48: pet. dozen. poat በ66. Máy: Delivery. - jp The Lege Raisers, ied Girin & Exporters:
HO? ቀራ ጂል — ^y 5* Y. Dwerf ` ‘Bedding. 138805, Duanecht: Yellow: 3. Be i
BULUM 484, Body: Mis ees Gem. dame ent dod ; Pioneers, dt ‘Phe: Basie Methods.
tros. CHRISTE & Có. — 194 — nu ባሽ.
9-18, Ot yma iia, ሂ AA |] 2;- pec ashen, packed aud joes አ. |: | ረ Orchid Sahg Boing. 1
| [ TEREG M Bine pra 3፡8 ው: f T CHARLESWORTH & CO, LTD, |
| ; p | ud Miete sais ART LE X tr | BAYWARDS. HEATH, SUSSEX. |

Sune 13. 1925.

THE GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE.

405

THE

Gardeners Chronicle

No. 2007.—SATURDAY, JUNE 13, 1925.

ውር መድ — — ñ — — — —

CONTENTS.
Alpine garden— Orchid notes and glean-

Hypericum reptans ... 407 ings—

Primula Wardli ... 407 Coelogyne tomentosa 409
Apple leaf scorch — ... 419. Plantae chinenses for.
Books, notices of— restianae = .. 414

Experiments in Plant Potato breeding ... 419

Hybridisation... 405 . Ranunculus bulbosus
Bower, Prof. F. O. flore pleno ...

honour for ር vi 405 | R.H.S. amateurs’ flower
Bulb garden— | show . . .‹.

Ixiolirion tataricum 413 : Socleties— i
Buttercup, a fasciated 409 : Bath and West and
Cactaceae, a new genus Southern Counties

of via Mus ... 413 Agricultural 422
Cheiranthus — kewensis 416 ን Florists’ Fed-
Cherry exhibition, a ... 405 F — n E hibiti ;
Chrysanthemum show ae : ae KAS o 422

BU ከህ DER = sis DT Headin ad District 7

Forestry—
Converting — coppice
into high wood ... 418
Fruit garden, the mar-
ket 418

Improvement .. $23
Royal Horticultural 420
United Horticultural

Benefit. and Provi- T

ke ss add — dent ... . 4
— in East 417 ' Soil survey in Scotland z
“ Gardeners’ Chronicle” Soll, the shrinkage of...

seventy-five years ago 107 = Sugar Beet in Scotland,
Hardy flower border— cultivation of... à

Heliopsis * ... 413
Veronica virginica ... 413 | Trees and Shrubs—
Indoor plants— A selection of Ameri-
can Willows

Cyclamen latifolium 410 ] :
: ን Passiflora caerulea ... 413

Leith merchant’s jubilee
celebration Tulip tour in Holland, a 411
Vegetable garden—

Library, the late Mr.

C. Harman Pay ne' S 406 Brussels Sprouts 2 419
Montrose Horticultural | ;
Society, jubilee of ... 406 |! Week's work, the ... 408
Obituary— , Welsh garden, notes
Amey, Ernest Stephen 453 ' from a i ... 412
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Ariocarpus retusus T — aA . 414
Chrysanthemums and Dahlias at a Johannesburg
show, group of a — — .. 407
Dallimore, Mr. Wm., portrait of ... — .. 406
Ranunculus se leratus, a fasciated stem of m .. 409
Roseocactus fissuratus . TN ses 3 - .. 415
Tulip White Duchess... .. 410

Tulips at Messrs. Van Tuberken' s Nurser: TY, Haarlem,
seedling late . xs — ነውን ችን un F

AVERAGE MEAN TEMPERATURE for the ensuing week
deduced from observations during the last fifty
years at Greenwich, 593.

ACTUAL TEMPERATURE—
The Gardeners’ Chronicle Office, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, London, Wednesday, June 10,

10 am. Bar. 305, temp. 73. Weather, Sunny.

THe Harvard University Press

Mendels has done well to republish
Experiments the translation of Mendel’s
in Plant account of his famous and
Hybridisation.* far-reaching researches on
the hybridisation of plants.

Mendel’s original paper in which the results
of his experiments are contained was pub-
lished in 1865, and many years elapsed
before the discoveries which it announced
gained the attention of the scientific world.
Now that the essentials of them are univer-
sally known and all but universally accepted, it
is but right that the original statement should
be readilly accessible to everyone. It is well
worth reading, not only by the student of
genetics, but by anyone who is an amateur
of genius. No one who reads the intro-
duction with attention can fail to perceive
that Mendel was indeed a remarkable man, and
knew how to go to the root of the matter.
After referring to the work of his prede-
cessors, Mendel points out in his introduction
that in spite of the numerous experiments

* Erperiments in Plant Hybridisation. By Gregor
Mendel. Harvard University Press, 1925. Published
in the British Empire by H. Milford, Oxford

University Press. Price 1,6. net,

in hybridisation which had been made
before he began his work, no one had
experimented to such an extent or in
such a way as to make it possible to determine
the number of the different forms of hvbrid
offspring ; nor had anyone arranged these
forms according to the generation—first,
second, or later—to which they severally
belong, nor had anyone investigated the
statistical relations between them. In this
sentence he announced his programme of
work and casually, as it were, revealed the
genius of his mind ; for, as Bateson observes
in a footnote : ''it is to the clear conception
of these three primary necessities that the
whole success of Mendel's work is due."
Mendel's account of the reasons which led
him to begin his investigations on heredity
with the common Pea is well worth reading.
It shows him to have been a good observer.
He had noted that plants of the genus Pisum
are self-fertile, rarely cross in nature,
and that artificial pollination is not difficult
to effect and is always successful. The
preliminary experiments which Mendel made
showed that, except in certain cases due to
mixing, the different commercial strains of
Peas—thirty-four in number—bred true to
type. Genius knows not only how to go to the
root of the matter, but also how to keep to the
point, and so we find Mendel not bothering
over much as to an exact classification
of the varieties.
races which differed constantly from one
another by certain easily-observed characters,
and having found them, he proceeded to his
experiments. The underlying idea of the
experiments is clearly stated. It was to
discover how a given character which dis-
tinguishes one race from another behaves
in successive generations of the cross between
the two races. The pairs of characters
which Mendel selected for observation
included shape of seed (round or wrinkled),
seed colour (green or yellow), colour of
seed coat, length of stem (tall or dwarf),
and certain others. '* ፈፀ genie c'est une
longue patience," and hence, as the present
memoir shows, Mendel undertook the
laborious task of making over two hundred
cross-pollinations of the Peas, and of them
some were made one way with one plant
as the female parent and others the other
way. To achieve his end, Mendel examined
in all some ten thousand Pea plants. When
he came to describe the results, he notes,
first, the fact that many characters of the
hybrid are intermediate between those of
the parents. In some cases, however, the
character of one parent is preponderant
over that of the alternative character of the
other parent. This latter state, which he
named ''dominance," occurs not infrequently
in the Pea ; tallness is dominant to dwarfness,
and so on. Continuing his experiments,
Mendel observed the re-appearance in the
second generation of the recessive character.
Thus, in the case of seed shape, from 253
hybrids he obtained an F, generation of 7,324
seeds. Of this number, 5,474 were round
and 1,850 wrinkled—a ratio of 2.96: 1. In
the case of seed colour, the F, comprised
8,023 seeds, of which 6,022 were yellow and
2,001 green—a rate of 3.01: 1. Bringing
together all his results, he found that the
average ratio in F, of dominant to recessive
in the case of a simple Mendelian pair of
characters was 2.98: 1, and his mathematical
acumen enabled him to perceive that this
ratio means 3:1, with chance playing
pranks with comparatively small numbers.
Dominance, segregation, and independent
assortment of factors—all were dis-:ovcred

What he wanted was.

and formulated by Mendcl. As a result of
the foundations which he laid, those who
followed after him have been able to build
with remarkable speed and sureness a stable
science of heredity. Anyone who realises
what this means, not only to science, but
also to human progress, must surely be
prepared to expend the few pence necessary
to learn the simple means and single eye
with which genius works.

A Cherry Exhibition.—A novel exhibition in
the form of a Cherry Show is to take place
from July 4 to July 6 in Altenburg,
Thuringen, Germany. The idea is to
popularise the German Cherries and increase
their use, besides helping growers to know
which varieties best combine rapid and easy
development, good fruiting qualities, and
produce of a marketable kind. Transport
qualities are to be tosted by sending Cherries
in different hinds of packages to the ex-
hibition, their condition on arrival being
carefully observed. The exhibition, which is
being held under the au3pices of the local
agricultural authorities, would appear to con-
tain great possibilities of usefulness both to
growers and public.

Legacy to a Gardener.—The late John
Primrose, Esq., Arundel House, Maxwelltown,
Kirkeud brightshiro, who died recently, ከፀ-
queathed an annuity of £75 per annum and
free house to Mr. James Allan, his gardener,
who had been in his employment for many
years.

Honour for Prof. F. O. Bower.—Emeritus
Professor F. O. Bower, who has occupied the
Chair of Botany in the Glasgow University
for many years, is on the list of those to
whom the Senate of the University has
resolved to offer the Honorary Degree of
LL.D.

* Mothers’ Day” in Holland.—This year, for
the first time, ‘‘Mother’s Day" was cele-
brated in Holland on May 20. For some
years the institution has flourished in
America, the custom of sending flowers to
one’s mother on one particular day in the
year having become fairly well established.
Needless to say, the impetus in both
countries has come from the nurssrymen’s
associations, who stand to gain enormously
by the extra sales of flowers thu3 occasioned.

Soil Survey in Scotland.—A new departure
in research work will shortly be undertaken
by the Board of Agriculture in Scotland in
co-operation with the International Education
Board of America, which is provided with
funds from the Rockfeller Foundation. This
International Board, which was founded for
the purpose of co-operating with foreign
institutions and agencies, is at present con-
centrating its efforts in two fields, viz., the
advancement of scientific research and the
promotion of agricultural science and practice.
In the United States the survey of soils is
widely organised, and as it was recognised
that it had reached a state of dovelopment
far b»yond anything achieved in this country,
the Board of Agriculture provided a travelling
scholarship to enable Dr. Ogg, now on the
staff of the East of Scotland. Agricultural
College, to study the system of soil surveys
in America. Following on the report made
by Dr. Ogg, the Board of Agriculture con-
ferred with Dr. Wickliffe Rose, the President

of the International Board, and the first
result of the conference is the organisation
of an educational soil survey in Scotland.
Advised by Professor Lyon, of Cornell
University, tho Board of Agriculture for
Scotland has engaged the services of a

distinguished soil surveyor, who is a member
of the staff of the Michigan Agricultural
College. He will begin his duties next
month, and in a preliminary survey of a
part of East Lothian from the sea coast

near Longniddry to the Lammermoors he will

b ን ከሃ. Weni n Monai ae
wlania de bol dadledory ofa of tha-

5 Fash 866. arid. North: Azricuftural — —

ae summar And entum months ere to

innt partly i& Rast Lothian ant part
the- web sud Darth ot 8820911384, Jor: sti ,
coc mh * puai liey. ^f. appiyimr. Am: Sevin —

S oN conditions. — It 86. gepanted. that

Sas 1፡6 the uu.

Sis ete | uM ut ‹1ከ6.. "celebrated -

fitted, glie: Ne Mg: 185; vd cmd altho zh hel

1186: — Nast by pmst- propie- Tor
SALE e: wowed,” dorni Doone- ከ8 Wass 3 aered

eases — will: ilweys hold his memory in high:

de dieat bocRüse ot hes, fronietinni. with Ny

epg wae 86 omembaor 607 the Pair ant
de Seale, Committers. Tt Av 11 be Tóm bered

UE Blackmore, gt ህብ. ao "Tediehienrtes in. in Lakes !

the) porsi. sat ii Bening ; 111...
Abie: Hogg i is eld WM. cat. ከ5.

> ስጠ። ዘ: to ከብቱ t
— novelist/s- "opinion:
thie idle nmm the T 1 |
Papa c duo EHS rnit. — 1 S punsént: ብ.
፲ ae Pitkin MBA: C RN he Due

! ከ66. | አክመ | we e are n

4 icreabo ha, hybtd.- hie Jen
-Betysen: | 359929: spaplicstolia:
ratelis.. o: far as. We umo BWREO: | d
SRBE hybrid: Nini pe 415 that: dpt — 'የቪ18,1
ዜዝበ- Abe vaiser Mr. E C buddis yardener
— ‘Lady yum ጹ5 wud? the Hor “HB. Ie
cMuetaren; Rodnarit, Taby rats, hare Wake,

፡፻ከ8ዩ ' ከ16. ከሃ8፻;ቢ:8፤. Has henn- ኣሼ 8161...

— by. ዝኩ. abaps: of. the Jenene. wad: Ki
:፡፡ fact that .ፀ..ከር፤:2ክ- Maronopasis- Amaia
— foli ^ is. dha ‘peed - parait: የከይ- leaves” end
Z ore fhan ans Bower: appest: dit; the Stem out.

S “women of the plenis. The frat flower ón the-
S: ለፍ ME a£. hac hybrid ‘Stas. Biss 'ከ)6898-

:ሑ6, ,ዜ ፻6ህ5!- brilliant, bh p. qunm En
r iem caver eur fot, Vigh. VER
losen. ባክዛሽሦ . fins m duelo

22፡22 በው oP tha ከሀ! Paste

by Mr. MacLaren. (ud gines nrc dut «ss —

EI hud’ suffered - “good - deat auring dis
38ቪ88('ሦ - “Arom — ዳኛ ‘flea, H- Was Oo mat
exhib hed, . batoe- ihe’ ^ 'ዘኮከርፀ] ~ public. e f

‘proposed - ho. edt dius TOW it 38፡98
Bids bo x -Fuddle.:

The RH. 5. Amateur Flower Show Oii Tn
ae -fitadty who amateurs find “in deriding -
in Ad ve efie ther ther Bowers alb: ከኦ at
thelr: Hest didi 41ሠ-.. ote af. phe Shaw: Hie
- (.ክሀ8ርበ. ef thie Rayat Horien 4 —

ase ecdat 173 postpage: the dates iiti f

Dile - copien — M E “ህህ - Saturdays

3ጠ 29. 25222:

Phe inivreatine: dioeticiltural dal ፡ füiricultaral -
በዞ former’: toy the date Mec C. Harman
Uayne 541: ከር. und: bs Melon. 9... une 2 23.
s seg apad d ys. BN her. aoe Sotti del Wilkinson

| ኢዚ) we brochures: toncerptag-- Horste fhiwere.

nnd RA: yiany SE dies: ye xy 1 fpe riis. ‘tere: wi iut: ፡
. prabably” died ኤር ጋ — veteri: à

zy possess Than

Dumace by. "Hailtürnis án Belgian “186:

tour t May Will eng Ha venice amtestad.- ስ8ኳ::

Hy cof disastér by Hae previr ere ቢለይጄር: -

- deiriet- af Metti, jor durügr thi. ይሸቨ.ይነቦነ[፣

- [ከር፡: were. heavy Ataris nf.bhed. Jaen dul

— — amnedinit- ES areas, diat t 618.
= ta Swings shapes

He Me ae ES bat de
pad eee E EARE AR dt:

ice 88 Appeal EE Meng qq: baro
d. <= JBubnan ' g satin.” “papers: for.

one ihe. Kew. ah - Lr m Aanf«nded Presi ihe
Jp — lense Mist: early fronting had

ye NM. JA Pahli. 3d: diun-Hog — Jan a
ORS OF two 829. — — entree | |
pan Sons, Cline, réttaldier ከየ : 5: dWwaaund:-
és ሺ adair. wire. ko muke CR duliec weqhaintanes
— R 5 Blackmore: 77... ien — —— — work. but partie
z^ prepmgatt tn

arisen. dnd "Lortieülturisrs- ፡ “ጓያ 161) ነ". ይ! E

eraft; For mans. vars ዘኮ identified ' jijinsatt ;
mienvely. with the Bays. Hortiesitural: Reit! c7

ES Unos altam = Byer, o tien -Bipsetur. 0901. MRE oS

9 No thy ፣ከዘጩ t ther Arboretum;

“The late ር. ርፎ. — Paynes diem. uai 1908, ከ8 was. Appuinted pde

My Dallimere. :

A EUNE Hodge. 6፻,34.. Nee 156811 ዘሩ London. Ote Forestry: Museum, a

MR Harman Pugne wae "esperiat]x intero

ዞኗ. acted. Ha Aunaraey irganising weleamed the goesti- aod

ches TH exhibition ab

a 2 [ጠውሠ:.: 4:4. sahara: :4::. 4 hrir nakiona for: gus
18 ea ba የ8 uie

| oe tbe: ues EAM axe

TU 8198ኢ. 0 The a — x ue Me

Alt Dilay. —
hard worker, he: ed dame " esito. 480:

: ‘their duis and '8:. particu * Pleased”
when he - 8045 e yuüns nmm: who’ —
በከመ An ees. amg shrubs; ; 3

like Shaw Gi Msttówo

Hec Spent.
= Ry dawa cofi —
| ክክ. time nre ef th

NUM e

Horis
Ihe. 60፡1. wav s Mesas. - - 2518 “Biickaon and aa Borietr. -The M Montrose Honan d ር

iure: - presented. by- aes Iu WC —
i nRa s: "Misa: Ai dE “Garden. Links: Rudge
“Daliani ont 16. fulvo oih. ፲ሀቦፅቨጩና FIt Mawe Warnick: ERE The lest war.
-dncobtor የቦ :9ከኮ88% ac | at pave 60ሀሀቪሠ11 de th ireedomi of the. Bunk ABBR
warden’. veruirenmntss - Ts: 1891. ies: 3 xen. 46: Neat. And. tne ‘gilt: of tus coup dee sme
Rak, where DH worked’. for Bone: Tittle: while : tuag: Provost Paremas: Resnick |

cane ric dropieal - prüpegnuuag - department. - dur Pas እር. x

ularly the

plantas Wrong) Chester ME.

ሠ

: WaS Bat chosen TU WORKS anf. 1ክህሆ- aystén — — —
drew ptainmg. - E dqiraetised. - dis feo RAER ul

$3 r C ፡ —* | d ነ | Ad
he በከ: prst Hs airat OD BRE Witt uni ee - — — gris — M. WS
Agriculture appointed 6. ;romraittes. ANS ርክቢህ68
=the poss nn ef. developing: Othe ipaam ^
da የ ን ያና ልዕ the. Hanes

* ones ‘goranungat: wid, qu
| prices Vin. thes: DIEM Ee watabaki. 8:
factory: 4u. Soulard,” the. Ava losSeottieh.. Beet:
Sugar Comotation,. Ltd whos Headquarters.”
aue xt Glasg E. investigated | the jose bilities:
Li: (growing the. erop 36. Seqthind) The resulta
of the; experiment prove that- Pasie. ‘Cant: es
i gown it; Seotlatid, but “mare Enawlodgs 88...
e sponenan AC the: methode öf culiivation. ene
5 owernuind 37. aec grower. hefore the "enter
s 96696... yeu de ^copsidered ^ rendy for tom-
.| Aerer ‘development: “The Commitee: states. -
3 that, he “beat soils. for the- growing. of Sur
e re decp doro: all. supplet | ዝኩ) 410867:
id ipamo: mattar but. ent rea (M GTAIRA -
y at adopted for: quüowing OIR Barlev, ind.
u DEM ፻180ጩጨ ,82,6901. aw Boat wël aud. Ahat "41...
[-. eodd be user ኳና i 8 clonnsing © cs) gno piee.
“ORS Potuios, " Mi * — a Nede
ode Bea “te best. የሸበር far. otim des
m. duce the. ps Oven of Aprbonnd the Awt
Came. pf 31539 But. He report urges that:
eir — —— 8ጾ8.:ብቨ required —

o, $ "phe sebi / T renane “pubs, Jorwerd Wars "ir

S Basi eu ER industry an; Meopand
E eoe) Thot. experitoonts: diave- proved: thut

M erp. cau be growh se Woli da nn tho enn.

mui (2) that under present sesto
NG ilic crop Pould. bo substituted dor.
SIRE iod ether: rnp wit: 866639] |ከ፡፡፡ጤ፡8. The report. -
MR we BA 41 0ይ. Jet UN d also. ‘kiriphaaizes the eonbeibution - which the
| BÓ CAT 1 " VREUR industry would. "awake. des reducing unem- .
suus Plextent and. puite au that the machinery
A ን tho. - uiv mE Cdrdtür.: ER 2; E "tli ; Rolle c dad Glasgow, |
Sheed Conall: years: Fie was” '1ከ6. 'Arboretatü. white ihe የከ ands. ek seks sed: in. the:
Promsgate ado Boye, and then took: ‘Charge. English factories can demo Dundee.
“the "Femperite —— «here ' hec euren oc

ju i

y penis the’. planting: dhe Mexicans” und. Prominent Leith Merchant's Jubilee Celchration.. .
of “Himalay üt EQUI e thie jag. Spictnni. pd: Me: David Ball, J-E; Chairnian aud. Manosing: -
| partly Pia the brids: the 981681 Direta of ‘the: firm: at. 136514. ‘Bell, Lirmted,
Spartina: | 6b: - building. - Jade. d APRS Wholesale: Seek Merchants; - Lait: enter.

A&amed Bisi iployens - atid: heir wives, Anon
MERIR mürmberine- Jàft. at the Masonic. ull),
“Porth Breed ‘Edinhurgh, - on the: 39th vit.
id Moses 8: “positions, che. sti holds): ሠ ' welebrate:. dug completis ርያ ‘fifty: youre ሠ
PROT pPAL ‘weeks. if. odn eon thes pee | nude. "hosp - pirsont i :.1ከ61፤1647.
^ pain. JB. Toresiry and: (probleme relating - Prevent 110. dán. Ca emishni WE okistrenm, ©
to: timber: prodtebian., 18 doro the present. und Mrs Jawes. Erler -af Haddtmton, these:
and /ኮሦ invitetion. 4 Aen facing Awen low -"Apprehtiens |
በ፲ ሂከዮ -seyeral o committee: aud with: the — with Mes Belt an Messe, E and Daonra.
- ህቦየዘበ(ፎኗባ98 - Gf. the Diveet ::- : 81141. Ministry of -son's from INT Et. 1880.- በ. bene Mite Bell:
dn thé ése
የ6116. yi hie
ch fedling That Jas always existed | berw een

DEA de: lei 411. for nbn | echt. yours,

‘secretary’ '4ህ. | Haie: Poréstep o Section 4n | of. ከ፳ ^ femuotka-— cdrew-

‘Shepherd 8 Bush, und. gac

"wi

SO des Similar hapacity ter ihe... CTirnber. himself apd che taf — Sahowii dye አና.
jb aed Field: 3n; "Polland - Park jn 1920,. long: Beryien. is du Frost: dE daosraiuecd.. —
Lad dür- tha: Forestry Beriya ot ቶከ8ኗ.1 British: 99 ote His: deti ateni እ ከ ከክ yük;

- ጀርባህ Exhibition - tW eroblay Jast your. e duit quite ; largë’ proportion: sat ከ6 maple.
JMr "Dallimore. dS- dr. dracitent: oeantibutor dn hae tern wath din’ Moni Ahirty 21ከ586:. ፪6፡.
'ቴክጩፎ volumna,- 804. dius rites: Abe, tree apud | thirty deve yearas the. avenue: length of.
ያ UMS SUN ades | ይቦዮኞባር at. twenty-three at. the seme ——
X being. ‘twenty: ihe: years. Wk. nice cempa att fa
EN Durul ca eie — coneert . followed, — dena.
ance usw. ae fia 3 aset ud. 9.4. given. by Mps N - Bennelü&- Mpa, Ruth
“Sad ES Halls. gut ነ: S aniblished | by 3. Fairweather, Me, aha: Mathie un und —
Wohin Lane, while entlubetn tint with. Ma ode ር: Machu, and; rhnaicul- gelesen. s
pits By :161:6808.. die 3፡14: 8 H በህ. - of. ^ 8ሎጮ6 rendered” ኮሎ. 9346 elivät ie |
ድ ሕያ "i. sque i Dm (A: fte Wr interval dH. Mate don adem

:: = imde (በሸ;

= wn atpireahle, diee qiiid eese

P ኮክ: quem ፡ a ያህ“ ይል

w oe aee ame, doing. pvt- ivre."

coco Banco fo ohh
—— (ከል:

Y des eer
, rolek

M frit progres

tae at. the

OS በከ

em E Roneo.. Wie

Tex 1, —

présentutiuns. ዝርዩቦ በራ Quo እሽ
employees. Phe: first. took. the የ gh 8:
eulteblyinseribed | gold: watch 18 ME: Ball

and. a dinmornd: bedori oc do Wil uen -
tlie: gecorul - copat oF ae 2858: ab’ aH ee 89:9 ^
xother:ol-pemrt- fruit - drives 69: Forks: A
Mr: Davik Bell Joniot 01. tlie cocina:

ከ. forthcoming - ‘maa Crna. Mesa gres.
ያር qae: dy saoi démons EN this) ፳፪...
፡ Mee Finlay’. Macsenxie ; repies avare Leiths: Mp:
Dr TE 198106. Tirko” he BENRSE Brondi. AAA
Mig Pevare dies Jade NEBL VESS - The.

óecehios. süximbiy veed We. fotu. of cade:

Pali verf Tor. Mss * Beth aad. ; ኣከ554ና፻21.
-(ህአአነ1ጹሎ:- 141. aghi. WA iun

SUE
^el: "MAS Cunaitust - ad

ums

ገቤ: MES Hider’ antro
duced quan. FE መርጃ 1. as dips d: di

ee Fay ጓር. “hkat: Wpieresitüg.
Evin: at Jie deity varese thinks.

hosyntality ys
—

anaing
tie Ma eek Mire Pel Gare usc

Frout. wa

E noapte
PeR —— — hi

MES URS — —— ait. Parks. E
288898. ነ አ dt fe aot often: Ke
dear busto ^ duliannvstmgrg - du us
MCN Hele so te send.
Asay at 34 don ft x

(4 d dusstastapd - (hie
rt dd

ገ ‘Cheysulittiemiuns. H «1: alias: achiehi
A. pee piu noH — quim.
dibitieu aet ክሮ tHBurhiulturel

de —

‘Rosier: Fie = Ey abii 12 uus SLUTEN
soda SAU wd oed quad: ucbpld. té. udo
hi “1970. datei ‘at pach. whas pis TURE ap

jj MS ACH =9ፅጸዙ S ክክክ ህህ dí Boy ate
all please er peagi: 886 Do

O Banki drawers whe may di

"Appointments for the Enevine

V baies 36: OAc hester s Haee duas * Een

menitna. CNA «18)9ሠ(14ዮ:. ተሎ Tia Vak ya
No aed 44616. (4 (ey RI PEE "dus. eve:
Manchin’ ipe owe srh 2s E © 2 ቅ Satan - Onm
TON inet in — ጋ :

x 2 ET ardens T snide” AS PEREP —
ok WE ይፈር Euer “ማጅ ፡

Ne Géshsbituer ለ311. Naalai Täst MAR:

SE PUR fea:
ne Hubs 5. ዚበ[ርሾ: Ss oe as
Tae! peor amd c upetery auol.
ከተ —— ዝዞ.
$ d hy any

ae
19861. TASS show us
aR y whith is. Ta se

dn;

fato what 8 :
f nad 'ክዞ AGES
———— — 'ፒከዜፉ- ib: debi. eiue 3t Bist xi
copynaraid: at ናር. sid: qoirple. TORE od
| blended. was: ፳ gront: ORT VE Wieveneny.
i» 5301. s. tor ‘PECL: quse "need M “charg Sse
| eyed Smg ፡ ከ6. “ተስ. 3; the
SP ፡ዘኩ ay cgo Ww Yi 11:

; xh yri 169»

OG) ny valtert tart. iat: የክ፡1145 frp yi Mr- duc kers goden oS
| Althonzsh- dt bonteined - "ao AD Ane 4i ae — dx EA
rieng EIL.

eet atc yit xddsd - dro
CONG pss GYRE
tee piesa

ያበ].
፡ Hest ፍክ. A
Raving uidens -

em dh 'የስክቪር ዘጭ

desear ARE
Haist. citrasmui t.
ከ ። Tar i የሸ glow

d — te Wasis
WANAE ር (81158. walled ከ Tak of. June
Moerdyevobor 3 Rrredhyates ' ase” #0 sapphire. 1111
ame ከ18. Tarkan 9st prove. viele "Wut. |
(he 598፤8.- ji f 9፡6177፡ 181. fete Déndralats

fig How 489፡ ፡ በዘመ ane Auc Eno “ada de.
boots... nat iere de 29፡11. ቪ as den ons ether.
የን adh want. He voxenimg: ket. Gt £hwowüe ^
ante vane: — smi duin ais denne

hed nsebauped its potid
‹ከሀ፤. wnükl- have dane i

E AW 'aiertoni s Peake Pythias App ቢጁ [681691
RAM WR ነዉ ihe Lost - Orchids, ;
— ይሄ “11. Haye ህጉ በ deep
= 261696: ar mr E — vidit periane, 2 PGs eh
Beer th ges bk - Wet Lad Aapened
Much: henaur- Me —

He: nist

Mi

Gard "ይ olira rei.

1 TEU:

ee

THE ሀ4 GARDENERS | :

በ6 es xt

= a A —

ከ prostrate, hrantibes,~ Wad sith: |
[farming erscrgld-gvoctr. fonves whitch in. apu.

x ፳ ad of Mtu:

oh ag

are as Fee
— SEO

XH: rd ti
MOM. t 2፡

8ቨክባ፳! mes

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pur purai A

eb

diedor ኣሕ:

Prek demon cednteit — ue pontes ን

Here Np a. bec Antec -

ERUS Rar Rep fentes. ፲
TERS: dot pir. EUTS Jitedaton-
ክልት ክል dm E duy. VE ዞር : Marques “at

1 F have: ASA PEL ds,
-Hharattidy

— ሰር E "Duns.
qnare c — 6 he denk: — (OREN: e

x isdem: ud uh
reptagr. anc thoes ህር ^ desto ከአ” “Gor
11314 St- John's: ኻና ort de uc eme Sot yhe trst.

o Sc — ylant- ax "mrpussing | rare «, and ክህ
“teal be: 165860 jn every rock: garden, lt gomes
Em, Ae move 169661. ihartiers sat . Sikime
&nd
e rnrieidérnable - umber “af enis. i
9 je trailing dn ate: grwt aiig dat.
STRAUS

become: Aitak pith: geltow: gnd
fet cat cart. 3ouil over:
syn aCe Adelighbul

Planted. cn
a 11. Torin 4
Ms edt

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>;

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፡ መመዘ ቅ ዓሣ” M a —— y 8.ዉ,

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UMS VEL
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* M i
^"

"7 “Annes ከክ dire
ab fine. gold. - They. Have beer Jikened ኮር
Sham cod he Bug. Tea 18. point: of hes. wn.
although. ‘this. de slight
Au ex S SQ gu" imprison. t her?
Cate Ye Hoama, Fron the fime; it: begins. is
| 11608 im sint. patit Wanton መ well upon.
ds docere eonteuws. do appear. and c
redd ' ddelght. to ec then byen ኣት: the frost.
፡ ነጠ despiriled As ot, ARY af: our,
Rawe, ፡ eR

HWyperieum qeptane - dE ——

anuni rof 8ኛ) Guttuga. arius "under

4151 Seeds © ifi quite ሸጉ! ripene. —

— ፲ piiris t :aonally- sppeori (de anil ^

-xapsules. በወባክኩ nily omraam on dbe plants 8ህ..
23 winter ላከ: Ahe aceda 81([)ኪ.... While.

3 pady dn lie eepied | Batse oF othe: denso
nyana — lpsk an aver: x

^ ሀከዚበዌ19 < «imb cunc Am. ryposed
place: “Tt ag 80€ ‘lowly: that 338 welb worthy. .
D ከ6108 position in muy: rock: garden. and.
wall PON ARE AN the, sal: tampat. ——
Kae tes ew at ፈደ

4: HROXICLE. 3

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THE ORCHID HOUSES.
By J. COLLIER, Gardener to SIR JEREMIAH COLMAN, Bart.,
Gatton Park, Reigate.

Odontoglossum.—Such plants as Odonto-
glossum grande, O. Insleayi, and O. Williams-
ianum will now be starting into growth after
& long season of rest. As they are on the
point of developing new roots from their last
made pseudo-bulbs any repotting necessary
should be attended to The plants grow
best when afforded a slightly higher tempera-
ture than the cool house. Many of the
dwarf-growing Odontoglossums, which include
such members as O. Rossii, and its hybrids;
O. Cervantesii, O. Humeanum and O.
Oerstedii, that have recently passed out of
flower, should also be given attention when
the new roote begin to show at the base of
the young shoots. These last-mentioned
plants thrive best when suspended near to
the roof-glass in the cool house.

Platyclinis filiformis.— This pretty species
should be repotted after passing out of
flower, and when fresh root action commences.
This Orchid is best grown in pans and
suspended from the roof-rafters in a shady
position in a house having an intermediate
temperature. When the plants have rooted
freely in the new compost, liberal supplies of
water should be given them; they should be
sprayed frequently overhead, and on the
undersides of the leaves all through their
growing period, as a means of warding off
attacks of red spider. P. uncata and P.
glumacea should be afforded similar treatment.

Odontoglossum citrosmum. — This Mexican
species will require repotting directly the
flower scapes are removed. The plants should
be placed in the Cattleya house in a light
position near to the roof-glass in order to
thoroughly mature the new pseudo-bulbs,
otherwise it will be shy in producing flower-
spikes the following spring. While in activo
growth, plenty of water should be afforded
the roots, but when the new pseudo-bulb is
matured, the plant should be given a long
season of rest under cooler and drier
conditions.

THE FLOWER GARDEN.
By W. AUTON, Gardener to VISCOUNT ELVEDEN,
Pyrford Court, Woking, Surrey.

The Rock Garden.—Many of the occupants
of the rock garden are now passing out of
flower and, except where seeds are wanted,
all faded flower-stems should be removed to
relieve the plant of the strain of carrying
seed-pods. Keep the plants free from weeds
and the surface soil frequently stirred, also
watch fast growing subjects and prevent
them from overgrowing their weaker neigh-
bours. A large number of alpines may ከ6
raised from seed and now that the bedding
plants are disposed of space may be found
for dealing with this section. Many of the
Androsaces, Aubrietias, Dianthi, Drabas,
Linarias, Linums, Saxifragas, Violas, and a
host of others may be raised from seeds
sown at this time and the resulting plants
will be found most useful for replenishing
the rock-garden during the next planting
season. The seeds should be sown in pots
or pans in light soil and placed in a cold
frame. It is most important that cool,
moist conditions should prevail in the frame
until the seeds germinate, hence a position
on the north side of a hedge or building
which is protected from direct sunshine is
an advantage. So soon as the seedlings are
large enough to handle they should be
pricked off, gradually exposed to the light
and grown on under open-air conditions.

Brompton Stocks.—These stocks are jin-
valuable for producing a display during May
and June. They require a long period of

THE

tARDENERS’

growth and the sceds should _ be sown
between now and midsummer. Sow in &
cold frame and shade until germination

takes place, when plenty of air should be
admitted and after a few days the lights
removed entirely to promote short-jointed
growth. When the seedlings are large enough
to handle they may be planted out about
one foot apart where it is intended to
flower them.

Phloxes.— These showy herbaccous plants
are shallow-rooting and on light, sandy soils,
are amongst the first to suffer from the
effects of drought. They should be given an
abundance of water during dry periods and
a liberal mulch of decayed manure.

Routine Work.—The most pressing work
at this time is that of keeping the garden

in good order. The edgings, whether of
grass, Box, or other evergreens, need con-
stant attention, as any raggedness imme-

diately detracts from the general neatness.
The importance of the frequent use of the
Dutch hoe amongst growing plants at this
season cannot be over-rated and every hour
occupied in this work is time well spent.
Besides keeping down weeds it saves watering
by the prevention of evaporation, helps to
control various soil pests by exposing their
larvae and enccurages sturdy, healthy growth
in the plant.

PLANTS UNDER GLASS

By F. J. CLARK, Gardener to Lt.-Col. 8IR GEORGE
HOLFORD, Westonbirt, Tetbury, Gloucestershire.

Begonias of the Gloire de Lorraine Section.

—Cuttings of these Begonias may still be.

inserted for the provision of small plants for
the winter. The earliest struck plants should
be potted on as they may require this
attention, growing them on in a fairly moist
atmosphere and an intermediate temperature.
Guard against over-potting, using at each
shift pots only slightly larger; than those
from which the plants are being transferred.
The several Begonias of this type are all
valuable because of their exceeding fiori-
ferousness and compact, bushy habit. The
variety Mrs. Peterson has, in addition to its
beautiful flowers, lovely dark foliage with a
metallic sheen, and this variety is especially
effective in artificial light. Many growers
experience trouble with these Begonias in
the damping of the foliage, but this may be
obviated by growing the plants in moderately
dry atmospheric conditions and allowing the
air to circulate freely amongst them.

Begonia Gloire de Sceaux.—Cuttings of this
fine and vigorous Begonia inserted towards
the end of the present month, may ከ6
grown into good specimens before winter
arrives. Where space is available, the plants
should prove valuable during January and
February.

Seed Sowing.—Seeds of various winter-
flowering subjects may now be sown.
Browallia speciosa major, raised from seeds
sown now, will flower during the winter,
when this plant, with its pretty, blue flowers,
is, possibly, more appreciated than during
the summer. Impatiens Holstii is another
useful winter-flowering subject, requiring,
however, a rather higher temperature than
Browallia. A warm greenhouse or mild
stove temperature and a moist atmosphere
suits it best. Seeds sown now should
produce useful plants for next winter.
Seeds of Trachelium coeruleum may also be
sown now to provide flowering plants during
early winter. For a spring display sow
seeds of Cineraria in variety, as also
Primula sinensis, P. stellata, and P. malacoides.
The present is also a good time to sow

seeds of Humea elegans to provide next
year’s flowering plants. To ensure good

flowering specimens of Campanula pyramidalis
during the summer of next year, plants
with good plump crowns must ከ6 built up
before the winter, and seeds should be sown
now, or not later than midsummer.

CHRONICLE.

June 13, 1925.

FRUITS UNDER GLASS.

Dy F. STREETER, Gardener to MAJOR ALBERT PAM,
Wormley Bury, Broxbourne, Herts.

Plums.—The fruits of the earliest varicties,
such as Early Rivers, John Rivers, and
Blue Rock, are ripening fast, and the trees
will require very great care in watering to
finish the fruits perfectly and prevent them
from splitting. Do not give the roots any
stimulants; us» clear water only until the
crop is finished. Syringing should be dis-
continued. Admit plenty of air through the
top and front ventilators both night and
day. A slight shade over the glass, such as
a double thickness of fish netting provides.
is advisable during bright bursts of sunshine.
In picking the fruits great care and very
careful handling are necessary to preserve the
bloom. I am strongly of the opinion
that only the grower should arrange dessert
fruits for the dining table. All fruits sent
to the dining room should be named on a
small, neat card. This small item often
stimulates the employers’ interest in their
garden produce.

Melons.—When the earliest batch of Melons
is finished it is advisable to thoroughly clear
and cleanse the house. Remove ths material
of the old beds. Prepare a strong mixture

of soft soap and paraffin; bring this to
boiling point and thoroughly stir till it

becomes like a jelly, then mix about half-a
pint of this to each bucketful of water for

washing the woodwork, glass and walls of
the house. Whitewash the walls with fresh
lime to which a handful of sulphur has

been added. Leave the house wide open for
two to three days when the new beds
should be placed in position for the suc-
cessional crop. This work is best done very

early in the morning at this time of the
year, thus preventing the men working in
discomfort. Continue to plant Melons in

frames as the latter become vacant, using
varieties of strong constitution and those of
the Cantcloupe type.

-—— — —9——— —

HARDY FRUIT GARDEN.

hy E. NEAL, Gardener 10 J. A. NIX, Esq., Tilgate,
Crawley, Sussex.

Morello Cherries. — These trees are making
growth very rapidly and will need attention.
The young extension shoots, and those that
will bear the crop next year, should be tied
loosely to the wires, not too thickly but
much in the same way as in tho case of
Peach trees. All outstanding growths and
badly placed shoots should be removed. Spray
the trees with Quassia extract if black fly
is detected; it is also a gcod practice to
Spray a8 a preventive against this pest. Where
Morello Cherries are grown on east and west
walls the roots should be mulched with light
material to prevent the soil from drying out
in hot, sunny weather. The border should be
examined occasionally this month and the early
part of next to see if water is required ;
if moisture is needed use weak liquid manure,
but not after the fruits have commenced to
colour. Trecs growing on north walls will
not need watering, unless the weather is very
hot and dry this month.

Sweet Cherries.— As these trees advance in
growth the young shoots should be stopped,
unless they are required for extension. By
stopping the growths early attacks of black
fly are largely prevented; this aphis gives a
check to the tree in a short time. Stopping
the young growths as advised obviates the
necessity for late spraying. and spray material
is very distasteful on ripe fruits. So soon as
the first fruits commence to colour nets should
placed in position to guard against the ravages
of birds.

Apples.—-In many places the crop of Apples
is very large, but it will be wise not to be
in too great. a hurry to thin the fruits as
many early flowering sorts are all ready
thinning themselves, especially some of the
shy setting varicties, such as Norfolk Beauty,

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RE the ክክ9ህ0፡የ dio gaeviaus; yat: oni dive”: “Years: m ihe. dower Toce RV Ed |
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ees Et dub; buf. ንው was: oe
HE 3፲- 30. “pardetes: unt. 1873; when it flowered -
wife A AIL ‘Berrington. Esq. who seceived:

AU ፲.

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inv ዜነ”! produced. SD grow tie

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- ከ68በ5ዮ S AKARA dE the Specios. GE ths

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Ae stéing: they “should” dua : ከዜህርበ - —
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the “patgspne © _4eetion, - pendulous. አበዉ:
Hnd other tour epiphytes: produce: mas |
batter » Joya. Sher Mh Janis s ur. sina ciara

*
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ነከ country "mre: thai one-hundred acá BNA
^ years. "gg. dtc 48. “durug the: pasts die vea
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Chas take 8986... ስሎ pams በሸ ei ie i
ABRE" ‘contribute '፡0-. largely: -. .ጩ Mie.
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ce EVA yr” Ahe winter: 680: ^en eis. spei
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SLOPE è Cb Srecohiouss "Gyelarupiia - come -
093.1 frami ጉብ dm ifmumerahle | sfustes. በ፻
colour, Narving from the pursat. white ctas.
:: ሀየሀ.በህስ and purple, some of ihe sulmon: and.
——— shades being’: 'steikingly HeuntfoL ~ x
(Xe considerable: NE 0[ pinion: — —
(growers: BEH Has “musts: “suitable Ss 5
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due to “thie: p atc አወ. ga hardly die.
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growing | subjects: Gg Arar: desides ‹8158ሾ። ' “፪፻...
| dewelvpment,: and’: although hy gaod: manages |

mient, - Fehinary:niiscd woe linia 957. bó Rrown-
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latrans or. "prot 11. BU mua 49919. AS —

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412

httle patch of it at home showed it at its
best. It is a trifle difficult to understand
how it came by its name, but there is
most certainly something else in its compo-
sition besides rose—a something which gives
it a brightness and a distinction which are
most attractive and which in certain lights
appears as a thin sheen of orange. One of
the Tulips which have been with me the
longest is an extremely old Darwin known
as Oliver Goldsmith. Through fair and foul
I have stuck to it and claimed for it a
special place as the very brightest of all
Darwins. Orange Perfection is as like in
colour to Oliver Goldsmith as a big Pea is
to a small one.

lt is curious how I find that my partiality
for particular colours changes from time to
time. Now it is rose, Petrus Hondius—the
Tulip, of course, and not the sarcastic old
man— was one of the first to rouse my
enthusiasm. Now, after seeing such beauties
as Chant de Cygne, which is a delightful
soft-toned rose with a blue base; and the
Cottage Aegir, which has Euterpe-shaped
outer segments and a white base with blue
edges, the whole flower being a_ bright
orange-rose, it is rose more than ever. Of
deeper-toned varieties, none appealed to mc
more than the long-shaped Alcmene—a plant
of medium height—and for an edged one,
van Tubergen’s Turner, an immense flower
with a deep rose flame, with a narrow edge
of pink.

Yellows were much in evidence. At Mr.
Warnaar' it was the flame-shaped Alaska.
with pretty primrose and lemon colouring.
At Messrs. van Tubergen’s their name was
legion. Mongolia was, naturally, there. It
is a flower somewhat on the pale side—very
large—never opening out wide, keeping its
Chinese-lantern shape all its life—of medium
height, and with a darker centre and black

pollen. Personally, JI preferred Madame
Buyssens, a pretty, canary yellow, also
lantern-shaped, and of immense size. After

their **immensities " I must say a word for
a wonderful, deep yellow, which in colour
leaves Walter T. Ware behind, and probably
matches that shapely florists variety
in form. It has been christened J. H.
Wentholt out of compliment to the late
president of the Dutch Bulb Growers’
Association. It is a wonderful laster. If
anyone can tell me when a row of about
half-a-dozen bulbs will have made sufficient
increase to be put into commerce, then 1
will state when we are likely to find J. H.
Wentholt in the dealers’ catalogues.

-= There are innumerable beauties that I
must leave unsung: the rosy-edged and
flamed-yellow Belladonna ; the rosc and

orange Dido; the jolly, little, bright, ruddy-
orango Marginata; the magnificent, crimson
Refulgence ; the exquisite, red Brightness,
with its pure-white base; Burgomaster
Sandberg, which I described in my notes
As * an oxen-blood self, very unusual and
rich"; E. A. Bowles, & refined. pale-mauve
Darwin ; the scarlet Perseus, of which the
first bulb sold realised £20; Mr. Hoover, a
‘pale heliotrope, with an almost white edge:
Aréthus», a very fine lemon.yellow ; and
The President, perhaps the most orange of
all Tulips. These are but a tithe of
what are coming.' Lest I should seem to
exaggerate, just look at the picture of the
numerous novelties in the grounds of onc
firm only—that of C. G. van Tubergen

(Fig. 186). I take off my hat to the firm,
not only because its grounds are so
convenient for visitors to Haarlem, but
hecause now that there is so very little

left unbuilt upon of the ground where the
mania-time Tulips once grew and flowered,
it, in some measure, keeps alive the old
tradition that Haarlem is the City of Tulips.
Taka comfort, you writers of the Black
Tulip (La Tulipe Noire) and the Laughing
Cavalier. Tulips are still a reality and not
just & name on this famous ground. Joseph
Jacob.

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

NOTES FROM A WELSH GARDEN.

A LATE spring has its compensations, and
the fact that many of those shrubs and
other subjects which are wont to have their

blossoms ruined by May frosts have this
season cscaped is worth a good deal.
Azalea ledifolia is, for example, now (end
of May) enveloped with its snow-white.

fragrant flowers, this superb species never
having done better. Rhododendron glaucum

and R. oreotrephes, which oft-times get
nipped. are also in first-rate order. Our
large bushes of Cytisus fragrans, growing

quite in the open, have had an opportunity
of wreathing their elegant branches with the
fine yellow blossoms. Sutherlandia frutescens,
often more precocious than discreet. is
bearing an unblemished crop of its brilliant
scarlet flowers, and such excellent but tender
shrubs as Ceanothus rigidus, Solanum crispum,
Salvia Grahamii (unusually early this year)
and the prostrate Rosemary have been
equally fortunate. Sedum compressum and
S. Palmeri are also testifying to the advan-
tages of a late spring.

No plant has attracted so much attention
and admiration during the past month as

Meconopsis quintuplinervia, the Harebell
Poppy of Northern Tibet. A good group of
this choice species has yielded a large

number of its beautiful bowl-shaped, nod-
ding blossoms, whose four broad petals are
a Hare-bell blue lined with a wan, silvery
azure. The foot-stalks, each of which bears
but one of these exquisite blossoms, are
about eighteen inches, or even more, in
height, yet they seem able to withstand the
most boisterous weather and the blooms
remain in full beauty for well over a week.
This charming subject is evidently a true
perennial and it has proved an easy doer
with us in a light, fairly cool, well-drained
loam near the water, with a little shade
from the midday sun.

Another group, near the above. which has
aroused much enthusiasm, consists of several
plants of Mr. G. H. Dalrymples pink
variety of Primula pulverulenta, these being
a notable acquisition to the spring bog-
garden, to which it has brought a new and
very pleasing colour. P. Wardii has been
flowering -for a month or more with P.
frondosa, P. Veitchii, P. involucrata and
others, and now, as these go off, an odd
and arresting contrast is being afforded by
some bold clumps of the noble P. helodoxa
towering above an array of the always
delightful and fiery little P. Cockburniana.

Two very prostrate creeping plants which
have proved useful at the margin of the
water are Veronica repens and Claytonia
australasica. The former covers its close, dense
carpet of fresh green with pale China-blue
flowers and the latter makes a tiny grassy
sward, studding it with pearl-white, stemless
blooms. Both might become troublesome in
the wrong place; but for carpeting the 8011
between bigger subjects, thus excluding
weeds, we have found them serviceable as
well as pretty. Myosotis Rehsteineri is also
a charming little plant for carpeting moist
places, its pale green mats being inset with
dainty flowers of an intensely bright blue
throughout the spring. Near the above we
also have Parochetus communis, and although
we usually anticipate having to replant this
Himalayan species the apparently barren soil
it so copiously covered last autumn almost
invariably begins at this season to show the
tiny trefoils of returning life.

The earliest of the Geraniums to flower
this spring was G. Pylzowianum, a charming
plant where it does not devote the whole
of its energies to colonising at the expense
of flowering. Then came the quaint twelve-
inches tall G. macrorrhizum, with a distinct
and attractive foliage, which is highly
aromatic, and red-purple flowers with
curiously inflated calyees. Some bold groups
of the stately and handsome G. anemonae-

JUNE 13, 1925.

folium were bearing quantities of blossom
before the end of May—groups that will
continue to flower well into autumn. (1.

Farreri (Farrer's Pink) is also in full bloom,
a little plant of a rare and delicate love-

liness which appears to ከፀ strictly her-
baceou3. G. lancastriense holds its own. as
it always will do, on the ledges of the

rock-garden and here also are one or two
good forms of G. Traversii in clear shades
of pink and some healthy clumps in full
bloom of G. argenteum and G. cinereum.

Pentstemon Scouleri, if not one of the
more brilliant members of its gorgeous race,
is a shrubby species which is singularly
beautiful during May, its large, fat bugles
being of a peculiarly pleasing lavender hue.
This is, moreover, one of the hardiest and
easiest of its class. P. Roezlii, a smaller
shrublet of about nine inches, is also in
flower, its blossoms being not less pro-
nounced in colour than those of the better-
known P. Davidsonii. Sharing a hot. gravelly
ledge with them is Lewisia Howellii. The
four-inch stems each carry several large
flowers, whose rays open with a delicate
apricot tint and pass into rosy-pink mar-
gined with white, an unusual colour com-
bination which never fails to attract. The
curiously chequered Helichrysum Selago is
also here. a plant. by the way, that has
proved perfectly hardy for many years
without any protection. Achillea Clavennac.
A. Kellereri, A. Huteri and A. serbica (of
most lists) still stands out among others of
the genus in white, whilst among the
earliest of the Erodiums one must note the
distinctive merits of E. Gussonii and E.
guttatum and spare a meed of praise for
that worthy old all.season and easy species.
E. pelargoniflorum.

Iris gracilipes is & rock-garden lris of the
most ineffable charm, making dense. grassy.
pale yellow-green tufts six inches tall, above
which, about the end of May, hover on
slender stems the daintiest of blossoms in
delicate lavender and gold. This delightful
plant thrives like a weed in the driest
places of our rock-terrace slopes. It is one
of the comparatively few really choice
subjects which, here at any rate. will take
care of itself for years, even in the crevice
of a rock.

Several old specimens
have. been billows of pink for nearly a
month, the lack of sunshine and humid
weather evidently being favourable to a long
flowering season. The pretty Convolvulus
Cneorum is still carrying quantities of bloom,

of Daphne Cneorum

and among other flowering rock-garden
shrubs the dwarf Brooms are conspicuous
features of the season. These are such

admirable subjects for the purpose that one
wonders why they are not more often grown
in greater variety in rock gardens generally.
Cytisus Beanii, C. Ardoinii, C. kewensis.
C. decumbens and C. austriacus var.
Heuffelii, with Genista glabrescens, G. spath-
ulata, G. germanica, and G. hispanica
to mention a few species now in full
bloom, are all easy and permanent plants
and extremely useful for any poor, stony
soil, being distinctly showy. We find some
of the above most effective in combination
with masses of Lithospermum prostratum.
but it is not casy to place them wrongly
and few subjects ask so little attention.

A group of the prostrate Rhododendren
rosueflorum on the bank of a stream is
unusually well furnished with bloom. Near
these a clump of Anemone narcissiflora is
breaking into pink and white, which is very
eflective among native Ferns in part shade.
whilst hard by there is a strong colony of
the lovely Aquilegia alpma and a quantity
of that much more permanent and excellent
woodland species. A formosa, in scarlet and
yellow. Perhaps the rarest and most inter-
esting plant in the woodland 18 ዜ Gaultheria
which came here with the specific name of
*perplexa." This little prostrate shrub, with
small, linear, bronzy leaves did little but

Jore 13, 1895. - THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE. = AR ds

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JUNE 13, 1925.

languish until it became almost covered by
the trailers of Linnaea borealis. This com-
panionship seemed to give it the courage it
so sorely lacked. for to-day its flat, wiry
branches have suspended from their under-
sides numbers of urn-shaped, waxen-white
bells about as large as those of Cassiope
tetragona. A. T. Johnson, Ro Wen, Talycafn.,
N. Wales.

HARDY FLOWER BORDER.

HELIOPSIS.
to me that the genus Heliopsis
receives but scant justice from both pro-
fessional and amateur gardeners.

There are a few species, with several
varieties, and it cannot be said that any one
of them is of little value for the border.
Some of the Sunflowers, or Helianthuses,
which are invaluable in their season, are very
popular in gardens, but the Heliopsis comes
into bloom much earlier than the majority
of the Sunflowers, and lasts for a very long
time in bloom. Then, unlike some of the
Sunflowers— Miss Mellish, and its class, for
example—it is not inclined to wander among
other plants, and this “stay-at-home” disg-
position is a very great advantage.

The flowers of all the species and varieties
of Heliopsis are moderate in size, nearer the
dimensions of, say, Helianthus decapetalus,
than of Miss Mellish Sunflower. They are of
a bright or orange-yellow, according to the
variety, and the plants grow to & height of
four feet or so, more or less, &ccording to
tha nature of the soil and the amount of
moisture.

It is now many years since I made the
acquaintance of H. scabra, a good yellow
flower, but it was eclipsed by the introduction
of H. Pitcherianas, of a deeper yellow, and
with larger flowers. Since that time we have
had the Rev. C. Wolley Dod's grand form, with
flowers of deep orange; H. laevis, with
smoother foliage and good orange flowers;
also H. scabra major, which is rather larger.
Recently, the double-flowered H. zinniaeflora
has made its appearance, and is favoured by
some.

One or two of these Heliopsis form a
desirable addition to the flower border, where
plants from three feet to four feet high are
desired. They grow well in ordinary soil.
I have found them do quite satisfactorily
in & rather dry border, but a well-enriched
soil of moderate loam will serve better.
Increase is effected by' division, or, in the
case of H. laevis and H. scabra, as distinct
from their varieties, by seeds. Division is
best effected in spring, when, also. seeds may
be sown under glass. Plants such 88 Heliopsis.
which begin to flower in early summer and
continue blooming for several months, are
of special value in the mixed border.

VERONICA VIRGINICA.

VERONICA VIRGINICA is one of the taller
Speed wells, and a valuable plant for the border
or the wild garden. Apart from its boldness
of habit &nd its long, feathery spikes of bloom,
it has the quality of being rather later in
flowering than most of the other tall herba-
ceous Veronicas, so that it comes in well to
associate with the other flowers of late summer
and autumn. Its height is generally given
as about three feet, but it easily attains a
foot more, even in dryish soil. It is. there-
fore, valuable for growing near the back of
the border or for forming bold groups in the
wild garden.

It has whorled leaves on the tall stems,
and the latter are surmounted by good spikes
of bright-looking flowers of blue-lilac, pink, or
white. This Speedwell demands no special
attention in the matter of soil; it flourishes
in sun or shade and it is perfectly hardy.
As a border plant it deserves consideration.
It may be raised from seeds, but it is
desirable to propagate the pink and white
varieties by division, an operation which may
be performed in spring or autumn. S., Arnolt.

IT appears

THE GARDENERS’

TREES AND SHRUBS.

A SELECTION OF AMERICAN WILLOWS
(Continued from page 398).

A vERY remarkable species is Salix Hooker.
iana, according to Howell, **a plant of the sea
coast and salt marshes, usually growing on
the margin of ponds," with ascending stems
and stout twigs, in clumps usually 1.5 to 3
metres high. According to Prof. Henry the
leaves of his var. laurifolia are very striking
in autumn by their yellow colour, while in
the species the leaves usually blacken. The
var. laurifolia ought to be grown in our
collections. The beautiful silvery aments of
S. Hookeriana are a feature of 8. Piperi,
too, a species from Washington and Oregon
that much resembles S. Hookeriana var.
laurifolia. Piper says that the plants ከ6
saw had several stems rising from the same
root six to seven metres high, not much
branched till near the top. The branchlets
are dark coloured and smooth. Some of the
species just mentioned are probably now in
cultivation in the Arnold Arboretum.

The representative of the section Candidae,
S. candida, the Sage or Hoary Willow, came
to England more than a hundred years ago.
lt is widely distributed through the eastern
United States and Canada westward to
Colorado and Montana. The species is usually
found in cold bogs and Tamarack swamps,
and in its stiff habit, its narrow leaves, which
bear a very whitish pubescence when young,
it reminds one of S. viminalis, from which

it is, as Bean rightly states, easily distinguished.

by the leaves being dull, not glistening and
satiny beneath. S. candida hardly exceeds
1 m. in height, and hybridizes rather freely
with S. cordata.

Of the section Fulvae, to which one of
the most common American Willows, S.
Bebbiana (syn. S. rostrata of Richardson, not
of Thuillier) belongs, the most remarkable
species for horticultural purposes is S. Geyeriana
(syn. S. macrocarpa of Nuttal, not of Traut-
vetter). It forms clumps in wet places, and
the branchlets are glaucous or whitish, some-
times black in var. melcina. It is a species
of the western states from Utah to Montana
and British Columbia. This shrub rarely grows
up to more than l5 m., and in winter
time forms conspicuous masses on account of
the bluish bloom of its twigs.

An attractive ** bog " Willow of the habit of
our S. myrtilloides is S. pedicellaris (syn. S.
myrtilloides var. pedicellaris) from the eastern
United States. It belongs to section Roseae.
Another interesting Willow of this group is
S. fuscescens, a prostrate and creeping plant
of the Sphagnum marshes and of the Tundra
in Alaska. It is represented by var. hebecarpa,
also in bogs, on the serpentine tableland of

. Mount Albert on the Gaspé Peninsula in the

east.

In the section Griseae, of which S. petiolaris
and S. sericea are mentioned in Mr. Bean's
Trees and Shrubs Hardy in the British Isles,
S. humilis may be regarded as a rather
valuable plant for very dry places. Dwarfer
and neater is S. tristis, hardly higher than
from 25 to 35 cm. Both occur in the eastern
and central parts of the United States.

/ Of the section Discolores, with the eastern S.
discolor, and the western S. Scouleriana, none

really deserves to be recommended. This
group is of the same variability as our
Capreae.

The Phylicifoliae, however, contains some
American species well worth consideration.
There is, in the first place, the handsome
S. pulchra from Alaska and the Yukon
Territory. It is easily distinguished from
the other members of this group by its
large, persistent stipules, a character found
in species like S. Richardsonii, and it may
belong to a different section, With its
precocious aments S. pulchra is of no small

beauty when in flower. It sometimes
becomes a tree. The new wood is smooth
and bright shining brown. The old leaves

CHRONICLE.

413

are glabrous, almost entire, bright green
above and glaucous beneath. In higher
elevations it remains a low shrub. Ite horti-
cultural value has to be tested. Camillo

Schneider. (To be concluded).

GENISTA HISPANICA.

A WELL-PLACED group of the Spanish Gorse
is & conspicuous feature in the rock garden
or shrub border at this season. Bushy and
compact in habit, and, when established,
remarkable even in outline, it forms a
spreading mat up to two feet high.

Genista hispanica is an ideal rock garden
shrub, its glorious colouring in the mass
lights up the weathered stone with superb
effect. Each of the innumerable spring
branchlets bears at the apex several sparsely-
foliaged, short-stemmed, circular clusters of
bright yellow flowers. A native of south-
west Europe, and cultivated in British
gardens for a century and a half; it requires
a sunny position, and a well-drained, gritty
soil. Fred W. Jeffery.

PASSIFLORA CAERULEA.

PASSIFLORA, the Passion Flower, is from
pissio, passion, and flos, a flower, referring
to the filaments, or rays, and other parts of
the flower being likened to the circumstances
of Christ's crucifixion. The name evidently
was applied from the resemblance afforded
by tha parts of the plant to the instruments
of Our Lord's passion, and its attendant
circumstances; thus the three nails—two for
the hands and one for the feet—are repre-
sented by the stigmas; the five anthers
indicate the five wounds; the rays of glory,
or, a8 some say, the crown of thorns, are
represented by the rays of the corona,
whilst the ten parts of the perianth represent
the Apostles, two of them absent (Peter,
who denied, and Judas, who betrayed Our
Lord); and the wicked hands of His
persecutors are seen in the digitate leaves of
the plant and the scurges in the tendrils.

The Passifloras comprise an extensive genus
of hardy, half-hardy, and greenhouse climbers,
mcstly natives of tropical America, the larger
number of which are seldom seen in our
erratic climate. Two that may be planted
in favourable positions with success are P.
caerulea and the variety Constance Elliott,
and if given a south or south-west aspect,
and for preference against a wall, where the
heat from the walls serves to ripen the
wood, they provide a most delightful tapestry,
msking growths from fifteen feet to twenty
feet long.

The delicate blue of P. caerulea and the

snow-whiteness of the variety Constance
Elliott, are very pleasing, and the flowers
have a most delightful perfume. The tinted

foliage and egg-shaped fruits are particularly
attractive during late summer and autumn.
If planted in a fairly rich and deep soil,
and given a slight protection during winter,
the plants should grow well and flower
freely. W. Logan.

BULB GARDEN.

IXIOLIRION TATARICUM (PALLASII).

THIs is @ very pretty May and June blue
flowering, bulbous plant, and highly recom-
mended for planting on rcckeries or the
front of herbaceous borders in clumps of
twelve to eighteen bulbs, where colour is
needed.

The plant grows from twelve inches to

eighteen inches high, and bears handsome,
tubular, Lily-like flowers on stout, wiry
stems, the inflorescence consisting of from

three to six flowers of a beautiful azure-
blue shade. The blooms last well and are
most useful as cut flowers. This Ixioliron
should be planted in a sunny situation,
preferably in a fairly light, well-drained,
sandy loam in September and October,
setting the bulbs from three inches to four
inches deep. L.

:M ; held be directed fo the Entro ሺ3,

Se Ud SA yet FERE. antetese ^ qr
SES Se plaranion.. MES ‘Fatalo — n 1588. dee anting
though:

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< afiar page ሰ፻ ከ611 ዘርኢህ- ^ ghisa niat: Risser

| Locat Nowa. Qurafobde wii — VAT ይ — hy

— RT

Royat Borie, “Garden, “Pamikir k jd
ceónfains 8 dnbálopgne © fs ፲ከ እ. Xx
than Hhododendrons, aijai ed by
— Foteest. in anum. und. E stern: ፲ቤሄ
18291. Dare GECA Mee
tt Apoak. SEa. Hie e J
NETTES Ts “tha. ;espedition. Mp

A E: “tor bola

5 ርክክ follow - the: explorer. M. duit E down
e dale; ges ከ88. ekartera n D ERE OY
x: Hen ap mu LO: end (dar dest. due k- 8668. dio AT. zw v

Hamy spra

—— s: R We 18 ሺ- mer Apeck- 88. ]ጧ481 1፡4.
— us Re mages aboar thn. diowies dra. fe 898.
—— : ፡ክር[ጮጨ acid -plidtoyra phe takèn duris.

X Tune ‘or “Rhododendron. lores;

4 u
| EDITORIAL. no TIDES.

ADVERTISEMENTS xhould 5:6 went to “the
‘PUBLISHER, i. ቾች 1

THEO GARDENE|

— and NEUE in ልበ! that, duo
interested: in. Chinese exploration, ‘can ong C
- fallow the: የ p. dootereps in general |
cay. hu 1021 and 1922, Mr. Forrest 1) ዝፍ]

GARDENERS i CHRONICLE.

— Men

C RTM
PTT 7

—— Ae “hres © — p with
-irdgrant üower usually ok ጸ0በዬ “shade “ef
JAavender, . bub: sneins. "iie, peas ! 10 We. ።
"found growing. Lo pustume las Eden 2: the-

Garden. WC. & A AE hend. tae ‘Silwin-Kin Chisog. Aivide n the” .Boi-tna- Shan t ut: ቢቪህ!ህለር — 34,500 set.
otters for — um 0 Sash. ybile "un the torhr he .‹‹በክ!ቨዚክ1. "ue and the' exploits disi t "for this, speed - A
für. —— eg et, Covent Garden, b organ’ ‘Suresy” long he durae - divide ዘጸ well de ‘eae Whe. Adegsud ^" Phra ie aus, at qe ሀሀ:
— nd: We WRITTEN. ON ONE SES. alédua- — s: M Mekong: Salvin. atse, robust: and One. «4 dec wast beuntiül Nivala o
ORLY Or THP PAVER gent’ ds-Parly in. de WERE RA ^ Mithongh. B» Jdifficnlt na ever for Periculis, —J CAC sew: 869: “happily: ላህ.
nasibin. and duly aima by the writer: -ያ/ deseen, kie foreigners au አ anée - hee “Pearong.: thes named: “apscies . 3 — , 616፻76,. “the. Bret MS

ginei edit Am be quias jM He wá d AR ወሯ

= #ሠ# faith.

trations — The Titore ገዛዚ de: PUN. ተይ ዘዘ WE
Drustrattons -t vr dra ings: suitable: For- ያ2#፣ JUI UN,
af PEIRA; Dr QE የ ል Joe jo Jiowerx, Ares. «ele, put. de

. Area explored melded a. parr gE (df. Tibetan:
- prowied.. "iy wel ss
/dü ዛከባህ፲-5፻5ኣህ. Save GAY aen.
viewed: “ክርኤ. ሺ ከ ኣር nd. Hostility..

«annot De-reaponiite Jur loks wr injar > Coran 40181... mimber” “yanks: e
eraa t P pmi mr ve peru etel Rube

dose. c WA nenriy - -4. 000; cond: of hnk ‘the presini.

tr: ent. —— ite: ation dent Bip
PERLE be € addressed. ^ one Chron x zw
ተክል ሀ Gerrard, 1233. ;

— op 3840 OL Jherbacéonà
— päti ihr mettus Pritula : :918፪ህብክይ። -othor
— genera: “atid: nec feseer Vet Sadhiy- vo paie

Bators Aud Publisher.—Üw» corespondenl vilit — BUTE: on) fbec tat. Many - famibar apecies:
NIMM. delay $n obtdttiag: ankore do iher- "animae = pee 1 onse bens nex . «omes, .

—— s

arl save us much time and trouble, X th :
indi) observe te notice printed weekly ta- the |
Atl keltars relating t financial A sand 14 ፈታሁ
, ments should lie addressed to the: PEBLISUER ; und Bat. - Y
. ail communications intended Jur publication. ur Telerting . -
ta the literary department, thd ሀየ. hitita: a fee mame|d: - ::-
The tea de mavimzs, — —
Publishing and: Editorial, cre. istitief. Wd WAN uw y
; Reerssary delay በበይ "Quito. tds. TA HAYS: ues fus
" misdirected. ——

— —
MES Kien

T iu x 2 $ E
“fo the ጀ lits arii የዘ የሀይብ6ፀ uf — 1-3 ye *
ጋጭ ta our readers, :

Special Notice to Correspondonta.—Thé dise ;
. mot undertake to pay for amy caátributiuns Gf “ናዱት ሀሎ ..
Cur ta rttarn> unaned- —— ረ ቀ
catena liy epeeial urrangement The 2/ህ፤6ሠሪ ሆዐ wit dada
Ahemectves ras poy sible ያጣው ጋዳህ 248 ሀየ “የ la
Te PURPLE: — x

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quw wi, 15, üt Nc Ere | | à iier: 87.

7:96 ipot, በ፲] 8ሰ8ል9፡ making d Jonga HE cab

And

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ib rond over: duet: ከ. da. dicia s whether: fre
18 dme open SES “peat: | thpoglund: - Hoge i sith:
Tiliododendron - Scrubs 16. Sony, weist mendose |

99. dry. 'beniderg: 6ከቨ«. Jh ong ‘of. Hip’ ——

varane Inea

eis je: 2 eas JIRET 5:
ሥን libiotica), - Y ህህ,
( Jap) ተ arent ክፍ - Canad DP. atrotulunta;
APE - aromnticá. po BHORDÜHCAL 5: “Primrose. fth.
“dee poormady: strange: tires wheel ass whbendye
am. euttivationz: F odiana x mi E Peur.

| member. tf, the Farinosae- Aint 9011291644. —

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nutari well. genie ሠ. NO. PERSE ^g
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AA ለነ " ,

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dbhis-on-«xterier . 16. grows ue quesre ind .
alpine. meadows | in “the "Tsarong at) 13000 twr.
14000 forto “These: fasnüliue with Go Farrer:
vul». aéecilimst : she: vanag sof Prose: which
“sometimes: finds! ity. MAY ሀር hes ‘beautiful
“skys phase vot thi 188.7 VANS 5 zs

,rubbly mirees or by the side’ of & imountem 5 . 823 .. (9018900126: Py Caryn. wa else’ The small genua Nomocharis is Sell repre
stream; with: Senedin cO 'erinopis; መኳ found 18 1ከፁ 1921. to 1822. expedition, 88. nem bel aud. vn ne. PHONE. Wand, NB LX
“Philadel phus, Asplenmm, Woodwardia, - Sach: = pime Adr ^ ር ህያ. SHES: x tats | -patr 691[:3 “oF = Soules o ay — deep. Tihison
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ae SORES Plentas. in bloom. AA o ከጩ.- dont - oe uc synonymhs with d$ dus nee od ; Mekong: Sahw; 38 djede: tnn *
Che expedition under potias JA: “the diti ከ ae menas | “(Hn Mazzetti} sity Ms been Vnd 38. caligna Wi REIS: euntis
T ceris m which iHe ntrepad: Explorer has | [፣ዘከሄርፍጧብ - ክፎ: Thao Speri pe. che iet ang s አ ንን ሂ vafriciouss | And. Nu Boitei |
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sSploned: further west — ortho Ehe area “the: Host: Yrünul&-1 hayw ever. seer. fpe axte iprioualls: trentbibascme-^ w salonan
dies: hetaeeon: Aabipude 44^ FREON amd: Lo WON Ý Spe - Pollution «1. Primulaz "Ob - Wih — anijet. Set ዕሙ tor be» “hotel. as tha 1028

cand Jangitede (OT aa E

; es 6: imom a qud Vates from. ብሀር
iif 6n. * plants,“ Aie othe: familiar Bee
5 aryadifolm: "wliielc- —— hti fully ir fot in:
* — and. mi 88 ineh or seas high: on. ROVESS

886: toy A
dnd 3t 34s unlarni that eho ከ68. aspe ን
Abie. dani E, A JO ess |

D — —
s Cy TOE nooanga lodge: of eitis at ERIM Tocr 68. 1ከ፡፣ Mekong
vot — (ay S pur. — fumi

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"አይሸ 73 W በ(፡6978(" don

calleetiam.
Steps መ 16 doct. ‘high, seid: Mr, Fore.

Ate: diss uis

BOITE 'ዝነጄፎ grass by AUN Cue 2 of

chay ^ 2 pe AE tre "Esurong. : ን RM BN
Among. the’: difteen.- Meconopsis. thee በሸ.

dur: sM ao Vitmete- HAERES. ME. አይ

ix me — e — — — —— RN Pr Gee an

4

Juse, [6 19 cue c EE GARDENER: CHRONICLE. EE 1 — aati 415

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PAYAL alia P EN T Jd ` * »

Vivre amateur BE Citic ie RUE od
COH GE ds ጠበኛ fram fguren; with those atennge--
plants: known under the — t ‘Ariocarpus:

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416

of Engelmann from Texas, etc. that a
longitudinal cut through the fissure, filled
with wool in all its length, conceals at its
lower part the remnant of an old fruit.
showing clearly the position of the flower,
This fissure is nothing but the areole. If
we look carefully at any old specimen we
discover that on every tubercle the lower
part of this areole reveals rests of the old
fruit, often containing a number of seeds
which can be extracted and if sown and
properly treated will soon germinate. How
long these seeds have been hidden is diffi-
cult to say, as these plants grow very
slowly.

If, on the other hand, we examine a
specimen of Ariocarpus retusus of Scheid-
weiler and break off one or two old
tubercles, if possible, from a dead specimen,
we find large rests of an old fruit and
numerous seeds at the base of the tubercle,
near the stem. This fact demonstrates at
once the axillary position of the flowers as
in the Coryphanthanae (or Mammillarieae).
It is evident that the plants with axillary
flowers differ entirely from those flowering
from the fissured top of the tubercle.

The genus Ariocarpus of Scheidweiler can
only include those plants with axillary
flowers, whilst those with fissured tubercles
constitute a new genus to which I give the
name of Roseocactus*, in honour of Dr.
J. N. Rose, who has done so much for the
exploration of the Mexican flora and
especially for the advancement of our know-
ledge of the Cactaceae, and who has recently
published, with Dr. N. L. Britton, Director
of the New York Botanic Garden, a com-
prehensive monograph of these plants under
the auspices of the Carnegie Institution of
Washington.

At present I know of three plants con-
stituting this new genus Roseocactus, namely :
R. fissuratus (Mammillaria fissurata, Engelm. ;
Aciocarpus fissuratus, K. Schum.), which
extends from Coahuila to Texas; R. Lloydii
(Ariocarpus Lloydii, Rose), from Zacatecas;
and R. Kotschoubeyanus (Anhalonium Kots-
choubeyanum, Lem.) from Central Mexico.

Of Scheidweiler’s Ariocarpus I know only
one species, but to judge from the numerous
synonyms it may well be possible that two
or more species
better known.

It is a strange fact that these plants
during their whole life keep hiding their
seeds between the tubercles. It is difficult
to see how they can be dispersed at all;
it may be that only when the plants
shrivel or die that the rainwater is able to
wash them out. They maintain their ger-
minative power during long years. I have
grown just now healthy seedlings from seeds
taken from a herbarium specimen collected
by C. G. Pringle, on Carneros Pass, Coahuila,
Mexico, on September 16, 1889.

Doubtless Ariocarpus is a highly developed

genus of the Coryphanthanae (or Mam-
millarieae), but whether Roseocactus is a
member of the Echinocactanae or of the

Coryphanthanae can not yet be decided. It
may be that the fissure of the tubercles
corresponds to the groove on the tubercles
of the Coryphanthanae. This question can
only be settled from young plants. Also the
seedlings of Ariocarpus and Roseocactus
differ widely, but both possess spines, indi-
cating that their ancestors were spine-
bearing Cacti, from which they developed
into those exceedingly succulent mimics
resembling the surrounding rocks so much
that they are easily overlooked when at
rest. I am greatly indebted to Dr. T. N.
Rose, Washington, for the photographs
accompanying this note and reproduced in
Figs. 187, 188. Alwin Berger, N.Y. State
Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, N.Y.

* Journal of the Washington Academy of Science, vol. XV,
No. 3, February 4, 1925,

THE GARDENERS’

can be segregated when '

NURSERY NOTES.

MR. PHILIP LADDS.

Success in the management of an extensive
business conducted for the supply of plants
and flowers to Covent Garden market is not
reached easily, moreover, rarely are all the
qualities that make for success found in one
or the same person. When living things
have to be dealt with in enormous quantities
there are many opportunities for trouble,
such as do not occur in ዜ big concern
where relatively imperishable goods are pro-
duced by machinery. The successful market
gardener is subject to all the perplexities
that confront a manufacturer and many
others besides, notably the vagaries of the
weather, and insect and fungous peste. Then,
too, he has to cateh certain markets, and
*timing" the plants and flowers for certain
occasions is no light task.

But there are those who carry on such
businesses with great success, and they do
not appear to carry & double burden of
trouble, indeed, they have been usually born
and bred in the industry, and regard all its
difficulties as part of the day's work. Such
an one is Mr. Frank W. Ladds, who had an
early training with the late Mr. Sweet at
Whetstone, and while still quite young had
to tackle the Lusiness founded by his father,
the late Mr. Philip Ladds. His training and
native genius have enabled him to bring the
Swanley and Bexley Heath and Moepham
nurseries into the [forefront of those that
cater for Covent Garden. Although Tcmatos
are grown in houses occupied earlier ከሃ
plants, Mr. Ladds is chiefly a planteman
and there can be few establishments where
so many plants are cultivated and grown to
such a high degree of excellence. Cut flowers
also are produced in abundance and there
are many acres of .outdoor Chrysanthemums
besides large areas of Gladioli, Alstrómerias,

Pyrethrums, etc., grown for this purpose
alone.
But the chief wonder of the Swanley

Nursery at this period of the year is the
amazing number of plants in pots, and their
number becomes staggering when a visitor at
the beginning of June is told that over half
of the “bedding” plants have already been
disposed of. Mr. Ladds was the first to
push the sale of Pelargonium Paul Crampel.
He had faith in ite future, and his faith has
been justified, as shown by the many
thousands of plants he sells. "This variety
and King of Denmark are the two Pelar-
goniums grown most extensively, and the
plants in 60-sized pots are quite as fine as
many that were sold in 48's a few years
ago, while some: of the selected plants in
the latter size are quite “specimens.”
Fuchsias form another good line and they
are beautifully. grown, the leading sorts being
Dollar Princess, Fascination, and Scarcity,
and here again the plants in 60's are superb
examples of high cultivation. The same
observation holds good with Marguerites and
lvy-leaved Pelargoniums and we have rarely
seen such excellent plants of the latter as
those of the variety Mr. Charles Turner,
in 48's.

There are one hundred glasshouses in the
Swanley Nursery, and most of them are
lengthy, while a few are wide and fairly
lofty. May and June are the months in
which the largest number of pot plants are
sold, and the majority are taken to London
in big motor vans as large as a good-sized
pantechnicon van. Each van will hold ninety-
eight dozen plants in 48's, arranged in three
tiers; or two-hundred-and-seventy-two dozen
plants in 60’s, placed in boxes and arranged
in four tiers. In the busy season these vans
may do two journeys to town in one day,
starting at 4.30 p.m., returning for repacking,

and starting again at 9.30 p.m. "This will
give some idea of the output of the
nurseries.

Mr. Ladds has made a fine feature of

CHRONICLE.

JUNE 13. 1925.

Hydrangeas, and probably has the largest
stock in the country of the deep pink.
almost red, variety Parsifal, which he pur-

chased on the Continent directly it appeared.
The plants in 32’s carrying a dozen or more
heads of bloom are grand specimens. He is
growing many other varieties and has a
grand lot of blue ones. Roses, both dwarf
and pillars, are also grown extensivelv in
pots, and many of the latter, together with
especially fine Hydrangeas, Coleus. Pelar-
goniums, and Asparagus Sprengeri will figure
in the decoration of Olympia for the Inter-
national Horse Show. Ferns of various kinds
and sizes fill about a dozen large houses.
while there are also several houses of
Kentias, though Mr. Ladds does nct consider
the latter to be a very good paying crop
owing to the length of time needed to make
the plants saleable.

Heaths, for which Mr. Ladds is justly
famous, are looking exceptionally well at
present, and they are being transferred to

their quarters out-of-doors as fast as expert
hands can deal with them. The leading
sorts are Erica hyemalis, E. melanthera. E.
gracilis, E. g. nivalis, E. persoluta, E.
Wilmoreana, and E. ventricosa. One house.
from which no plants had as yet been
removed to their summer quarters, contained
no fewer than twenty-six thousand Heaths in
48-sized pots, but there are many houses
devoted to these South African plants, and
as the occupants have to be transferred to
the open ground it will be gathered that
this is a very busy time of the year, what with
watering and the dispatch of the soft-wooded
stuff to market.

Mr. Ladds and his sister, Mrs. Edwards,
have a fine staff at their nurseries, and the
rapidity with which the men and lads pot,
tie, space out and pack, is very wonderful.
and the result of excellent organisation, great
skill, and long practice.

CHEIRANTHUS KEWENSIS.

ONE of the most beautiful of early-
flowering wall plants—aithough it must be
confessed that its parti-coloured purple and
buff tinting is not everybody’s taste—is the
hybrid Cheiranthus kewensis. The plant is
said to have originated as a result of
crossing the Madeira species—if species it be—
Cheiranthus mutabilis, with a variety of the
common Wallflower, Cheiranthus Cheiri. The
mutable colour of the flowers of C. mutabilis,
first yellow-buff and later a mauve-purple.
has endowed the hybrid with its bicolor
habit, but curiously enough each flower of
C. kewensis displays both colours at one
and the same time.

The merit of C. kewensig resides not only
in the beauty of colour tone contrasts—
purple and buff of each flower. but in its
floriferousness, earliness, and vegetative habit.
At the present moment specimens of C.
kewensis raised from cuttings eighteen months
ago are forming dark green, dense, domed
cushions over two feet across, beset with a
multitude of flowers, the charm of which is
enhanced by the dark green foliage.
Cheiranthus kewensis, although the ‘pollen
which it bears seems to be good, does not—-
at all events, in our experience—-set seed.
The vigour which it derives from its mixed
parentage is concentrated in vegetative
growth and flower production.

It is stated that tne plants of C. kewensis
now in cultivation are not the vegetatively
propagated descendants of the first cross, but
were raised by crossing the hybrid with
the Wallflower. C. kewensis--or, at all
events, the specimons to which these remarks
apply—is not long lived. Cuttings taken in
autumn flower precociously in the following
year and are at their best in their second
year, at the end of which the plant dies.

In a garden where these plants are much
admired and grown a pale form has recently

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ቹ INSECTICIDES

FUNGICIDES
E FUMICANTS
55

FERTICIZERS

9 KILLER

Awarded, 0413 Steal didi honoris Exhibit TE

“Wood Khler—Tm to make Zi gallons, 3. 11) dob
vM, galleda Oe: qmstáge,. dd. ctt each, —

(qnid on. cwt., ሕጃ... Bead tor Price Sixt:
ACME | CHEMICAL 90.. ቅርር — M. ae

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—— with urdwn: and cheap: ‘alse ፪
Mony. Rare amt Choice Varieties, .

5 m AND 091805 PLANTS OF ALL KINDS.

- Ktodiy. ‘send: for. Catalogue:

“Beatie: — HHENTENHAM.

| SIM Prout HAS

| NETTING

w ሚክ ይቄ — —
«P the Plantac Dosi apt.
danas foliose ny Blaorna. -:

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CARDEM SUPPLIES Lid. |
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JAMES CYPHER à SONS, 5

[E odas [fülls 3. yanrs. : *
For fnli particulars. apply 58

E 9o e —— —— ——— —— —— — ———— —

SS "Fe c ec

D GENNARO. IMPERATORE & በ፲!

e ሃድ Garden, Cupa Ereruo Padre a S. iun y

NEW GARDEN. 229

Ade

1 Pathe: and.

T: -HE JOET abore dione: Tane.
$ of Glasshouses. erected by: Boulton «
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| An extensive pange. ‘of. stock. dega ae
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We are able to offer: you. ‘he: service. ‘of

| an expert staff of Designers, add are only >
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i$ 50191 yar id Hesire Ae. will send. “our”

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"Enquiries. invitet ፲፻ Conservatories 2::-2:31889---
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No 848ሒ. SPAN-ROOF GREENHOUSE, | 1

- This. Span: -Roof - .House, made
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“GARDEN SUPPLIES. AT ‘LOWEST PRIGES, -
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HARPENDEN, HERTS.

. —
—

JUNE 13, 1925.

ansen as a sport from the deeper coloured
plant. In it the purple and buff tones are
repeated in lighter shades. and although tho
sport looks a little sad beside the full deep
purple of the original, yet there is no doubt
but that it also will look handsome enough
in & more languid way when planted out by
itself. It is certainly interasting to find a
plant which is propagated vegetatively sport
in this manner; but. of course, similar ex-
amples of colour-sports arising in the course
of the life of a race propagated vegetatively
are well-known-- as, for example, among
coloured varieties of the Potato.

Like other of its kind. Cheiranthus Allionii,

for example, C. kewensis is only seen to
perfection when grown on a wall. Planted
mn & bed on the flat. neither the one nor

the other appoars at its best; both require &
grey wall for their perfect sitting, although

either looks well if planted so that green
foliage not too far away serves them for

background. A. N.

FRUIT GROWING IN EAST KENT.

THE tour of fruit plantations organiacd by
the Federation of British Growers, which
took place at tho end of May. afforded an
excellont opportunity for studying th: com-
mercial fruit culturo of the Canterbury.
Faversham, and Sittingbourne districts of East

Kent. This is an area of low annual rain-
fall and free-working soils. ‘The best of the
latter are the famous briek earths. which

are considered to b» idcal for the culture cf

all kinds of hardy fruit. The deposits of
this soil are so deep in some places that
fruit trees have been planted in many of
the old pits from which the carth was

excavated for brick-making, and are still able
to flourish ten to twelve feet below the level
of the surrounding land. Second. only in
fertility to the brick earths are the Thanet
sands or black pebble lands, dee, soils over-
lying the chalk, which are specially suitable
for Chorries and other stone fruits. The fine
Cherry orchards seen on several of the farms

visited in the neighbourhood of Faversham
and Sittingbourne were, indeed. a striking
feature of the tour. Their equal could not

be found in any other part of the country.
Unfortunately, bad weather during blooming
time has prevented the wonderful promise of
the blossom from being fulfilled, the fruit
having “run off " badly. as so often happens

with this fickle subject. The same remark
appli» to Plums and Pears in the area
visited. Both bloomed fully, but will not

yield average crops. Apples, on the other
hand. which bloomed during more favourable
weather, appear to have set plenty of fruit,
though it is carly to form 8. definite
opinion as to prospects. Bush fruits look
well, but Strawberrics are not very promising
in most places.

Insect pests, particularly aphis on
and
valent

Plums,
caterpillars on Apples, are rather pre-
this season; but the best of the
plantations inspected, in which a very
thorough spraying campaign is adopted.
looked beautifully clean and healthy. ላ
incre convincing lesson in tho value of
spraying could hardly have been presented.

CHERRY ORCHARDS.

The usual system of growing Cherries is to
plant on arable land, often old Hop fields,
maintain clean cultivation for five or 815
years, and then lay the plantation down to
grass. The herbage is then sept quite short
by grazing with sheep. Nowadays, pigs and
poultry are used as u change in some places.
The sheeped orchards present a very attractive
appearance, owing to the close and even
grazing.

The largest specimens of Cherries were seen
at the Norton Orchards, managed by Mr.
W. R. Elgar, F.S.I. Many of these are of
truly magnificent proportions. Some of them

THE GARDENERS

have on occasion borne fifty half-bushels of
fruit. Trees about forty years old have, in
some cases, been top-grafted with better
varieties, and in others, cut back and allowed
to make fresh growth, success attending both
operations. All are grease-banded and
thorouzhly sprayed, water for the latter
purpose being pumped to each plantation from
a central bore-hole, in some instances a
distance of two miles. Manuring is done by
feeding sheep, pigs, and poultry on the land,
and by the application of phosphatic and
potassic fertilisers and lime. For the pro-
pagation of Cherries, young, wild Geans are
collected from the woods and grafted very
high up so that tho stem of the tree is
formed from the stock.

Fine Cherry plantations were seen again at
the Hempstead Orchards, Bapschild (Messrs.
G. H. Dean and Co). Mr. L. Doubleday,
managing director, uses large quantities of
bone-meal, which is no doubt valuable for
supplying the phosphates removed by con-
tinual grazing with sheep. Plant has been
installed for crushing and grinding the raw
bones on the place. Some of the trees here
were planted on land from which brick earth
had been removed to a depth or eight or

nine feet. They do well on this soil, but
tend to die back on areas where the soil is
gravelly.

More Cherries in excellent order wer?

inspected on the fruit and Hop farms of Sir

Walter W. Berry and = Sons at Selling.
Baumann May is here found to be an
excellent pollinator for Early River's, but it

is very important to get the true variety of
the former. An interesting feature on one of
these farms is a block of some of the first lot
of Bramley's Seedling Apple sent out by the
raiser, enormous trees of bush form. In an
extensive, young plantation, the East Malling

strain of Baldwin Black Currant has been
planted; but there are already signs of
“nettle head" amongst the bushes. Sheep

and bacon pigs are run under the trees.
Farmyard manura goes entirely to the Hop
fields. Spraying is largely done by means of
a steam power plant which delivers the wash
through several] miles of underground mains.

APPLES AND PEARS.

At Canterbury some very nice plantations
of half-standard Apples and Plums were seen
on Messrs. George Mount and Sons’ nurseries.
Both the market plantations and the nursery
grounds are kept under perfectly clean culti-
vation, which was much admired. The Apples
show remarkable promise for this season.
Pruning is confined to mere thining out
where necessary, and to the cutting away of
dead wood on Plums, which are found to
do best on Myrobolan stock. Lime-sulphur
had been used as a winter wash, and
nicotine with arsenate of lead before and
after blooming, and the trees looked very
free from pests. Bordeaux mixture is con-
sidered too risky. Tho trees are under-
cropped very thickly with Gooseberries.
These are found to do best without pruning.
and have certainly made tremendous bushes.
Picking must be difficult, but the crop is so
heavy that the sacrifice of a little fruit
would be a small matter. The Gooseberrics
had been sprayed very heavily with lime-
sulphur. 1 in 40, to prevent = mildew.
Many of the visitors were surprised to find
that this strength caused no scorching. In
some districts it would produce much injury.
Presumably climate and soil have their
influence in this matter. A great deal of
shoddy is us»d on this place, together with
other organic fertilisers. Winter. manuring is
preferred to summer feeding. but alternate
year bearing is accepted as unavoidable.
Roses and Carnations are grown to perfection
under glass, the former in skeleton houses
from which the lights are removed in
aumrmer.

A contrast to
in Mr. W. R.

this large place was found
Pierce's. neighbouring fruit

CHRONICLE.

ja

417
farm of thirty acres, situated on rocky land
which was run out and growing nothing but
weeds twenty-one years ago. It is now
intensively planted with fruit, mainly bush-
shaped tre?s with soft fruit between. Amongst
Plums. Switzer, a continental variety, and a
very upright grower. is found to be useful.
as it thrives where better varieties will not.
Early Orleans, too, another Plum not con-
sidered to be of high quality, is liked for
ita regular cropping. Amongst Apples. Langley
Pippin does well; and Cousen’s Seedling is
found to be a good late Gooseberry. Mr.
Pierce is convinced that he has overcome
Apple blossom weevil in two years by the
application of a soil fumigant in October
and March. A non-returnable box holding
twelve pounds of Apples is largely used as
a market package.

On another of the farms under Mr.
Doubleday's management, an exceedingly
productive plantation of dwarf Apples was
inspected. This was the only case seen during
the tour of severely-pruned, open-centred
trees fruiting as well as those more naturally
grown; but the trees in this case have
reached an age when they can stand close
spurring. This is one of those lucky planta-

tions which crops very regularly. a fact
which is attributed to its being practically
level with the sea. Pears in excellent order,

and holding more fruit than those seen else-
where. were also noticed. A young planta-
tion has been very intensively planted with

Pears, Gooseberries, and Strawberries.
POULTRY UNDER FRUIT TREES.

An interesting example of poultry-keeping
in conjunction with fruit-growing was seen
on Messrs. F. and T. Neame's farma at
Macknade. In some cases. bush fruits are

being taken out and the land grassed down
for running fowls, which will keep the grass
under control. A brooder house with a
capacity of two thousand to three thousand
chickens is utilised. Inconclusive results as
to the value of fowls for controlling Pear
midge have been obtained. In some cases
the birds seem to have reduced the pest,
but in others there has been much damage
in spite of the poultry. Ducks. which keep
down grass very well, are not liked because
they trample down the ground too much.
A very nice plantation of bush Pears was
inspected, but, unfortunately, Conference is
the only variety which has set much fruit
this season, though all bloomed profusely.
Spraying with Bordeaux mixture to prevent
scab is done before and after blooming.

A FiNE FRUIT FARM.

A visit to Mr. Spencer W. Mount’s plantations
near Canterbury, was keenly looked forward
to on account of this grower's unique position
as a prize-winner at the Imperial Fruit Show.
Anticipations were fully realised. Some four-
hundred-and-seventy acres are under fruit.
with Apples predominating. The plantations
give the impression of being run on the
soundest commercial lines. The trees are
kept perfectly free from insects pests by
frequent spraying with a combination of
nicotine and arsenate of lead, whilst fungous
diseases are prevented by the use of a
proprietary Bordeaux paste made in accord-
ance with the Woburn formula. Pruning
consists of mere thinning out, treatment
which is obviously giving heavy crops of
fruit. A young plantation comprised entirely
of standard Bramley's Seedling, thirty-six
feet apart, intercropped with Black Currants,
extends to sixty acres! Most of the older
plantations are composed of bush-shaped
trees with and without a short leg. All are
divided into acre plots, in each of which
about fifteen pigs are run winter and summer.
This saves all expense of cultivation and
most of that -of manuring. Mr. Mount is
the fortunate possessor of a large cold store
in which Apples are kept very successfully.
Market Grower.

418 |
FORESTRY.

COPPICE INTO HIGH

WOOD.

THIRTY-FIVE years ago, the writer converted

CONVERTING

several acres of coppice or underwood,
growing on the Holwvod estate. in Kent,

into high woods or standard plantations.
When Holwood Park was added to, by the
purchase of land at Farnborough, Keston.
and Cudham, it was arranged that several
of the existing plantations of coppice or
underwood, which had not been re-planted
since Pitt, the great statesman. owned the
property a century-and-a-quarter before. and
were in consequence thin and gappy. should
be thinned out and the best trees left as
the permanent standards.

As one of the principal coppice woods to
be dealt with was mainly composed of Oak
and Sweet Chestnut, all of similar age, the
stumps of which, owing to their having
heen repeatedly cut back as underwood. had
assumed unwieldy proportions, it was found
necessary in not a few cases, in order to
distribute the standards regularly over the
ground, to cut away the worst poles from
the stools and leave the straightest and
most promising as the future crop. In every
case, Wherever a suitable tree on ita own
roots was encountored, of whatever species.
it was left as the permanent standard.
Previous to this treatment, the coppice wood
had been cut over at regular periods of
from twelve to sixteen years, and at the
time of converting, the trees averaged about
twenty feet in height, and were rather
thinly distributed over the whole plantation.
The standards were left, as nearly as possible,
from twenty to twenty-four feet apart, the
intervening underwood being grubbed out,
so that the least possible trouble in the after

management of the plantation would be
insured.
The’ standard trees, the straightest | and

strongest being chosen for this purpose. were
carefully pruned into shape by removing
rival leading shoots and ungainly and
straggling side branches, such as are to be
commonly met with in jungles of underwood.

As might be expected from offsets of old
stools, the trees grew slowly in height. but

being provided with plenty of room laterally,

soon become sturdy and developed good
heads, in some instances the spread of
branches being considerable.

The origin:! coppice plantation. though
mainly composed of Oak. also contained a
number of seedling Birch, Mountain Ash,
White Beam, Beech, and Holly, and in

thinning the trees the straightest and sturdiest
of these were, so far as possible, retained
amongst the Oaks. The plantation for some
years afterwards was regularly attended to.
in the matter of pruning and cutting away
shoots from the stools, nnd in dealing with
ዜ portion lately 1 found the height of the
trees to average forty-five feet, the best
specimens being such as were growing on
their own roots, or the growth of stumps on
which originally the fewest poles were found.

The fact of leaving but a single pole on
each stump, most of which originally carried
from four to six. enhanced the growth of
the remaining one considerably. and some of

these have developed into clean-stemmed
treet, though it is not at all likely that
such will ever attain to normal dimensions.
However, old, worn-out coppice plantations
have thus, by careful treatment, been con-
verted in a little over thirty years into
thriving woods of Oak, Birch and Beech,

and though the individual trees are by no
means of the best, yet the object aimed at
has been successfully accomplished.

In the ease of another plantation on the
same estate, thinning, as above stated, was
carried out, open portions of the road. of

which there were many, being planted with
various Coniferous trees. This method has
proved quite satisfactory and has converted

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

the former hard-wood plantation into a mixed
evergreen wood, with the trees fairly evenly
distributed all over the woodland. ln this
case Scotch, Corsican and Weymouth Pines
were planted, and have grown much more

rapidly than the offshoots from the old
stools, and are at present nearly one hulf
taller.

The soil is poor. black. gravelly loam, the
natural vegetation being largely composed
of Heather, Bilberry and Bracken amongst
the commoner plants, and the Winter-Green.
Helleborine and Lily-of-the-Valley, whether
introduced or indigenous in the latter case
would be hard to say. Spanish or Swect
Chestnut, amongst the trees that are usually
made use of in coppice plantations and Oak

to a lesser extent, are best adapted for
leaving as the permanent standards, othor
kinds, such as the Ash and Alder, being

generally of too weak growth to successfully
hold their own under such a course of
management.

When it is considered desirable to convert
coppice or underwood into high forest, the
future value of the plantation for such a
purpose will be greatly increased by filling
up all vacant spaces with stout standard
trees. or, still better, by substituting these
for the underwood at stated distances apart
all over the woodland. By planting such,
regularly over the ground, even at far
distances apart, a future crop of timber
independent of and greatly superior to the
original underwood will be insured at a
trifling expense.

Converting coppice plantations to high
woods is not. however, to ከቦ generally
recommended, though in certain cases, such
as the present, it may be necessary to do
so in order to keep the woodlands covered
with trees at all times instead of cutting
the whole down at stated periods as with
underwood, and so retain the amenity of the
edjoining park lands. The greatest disad-
vantages a&re:—(1) a somewhat irregular crop
of timber; (2) a proportion of stunted and
badly formed trees; (3) comparatively slow
growth from the old stools, and (4) expenses
connected with uprooting the intermediate
underwood, and preventing the growth of
rival stems on the stools from which the
permanent standards are growing. By period-
ical removal of the shoots, the old stools-—
* stubbs" the name they are known by in Kent
and some of the adjoining counties, attain
to large dimensions, some three or four feet
high, and being of very irregular shapes
have a by no means ornamental appearance.
From an economic point of view. converting
coppice into high wood is not to be recom-
mended, but in so far as appearance is con-
cerned it has its advantages. A. D. Webster.

MARKET FRUIT GARDEN.

May was a wet month in my district,
with 2.82 inches of rain; but this was less
than in the same month of the two previous
years. Fortunately there was no frost, and
there were dry intervals during which culti-
vation was done with good effect. Apples
bloomed in perfect weather and made a
display such as has not been seen since
1919. Bees visited the trees in very large
numbers, and the rapid opening of the
blossom cheated the Apple blossom weevil
to some extent, so that less damage was
done than in recent years. By the end of
the month most of the bloom had fallen,
and the fruit appeared to be setting very
well indeed, whilst the trees were healthy.
Decidedly the most flourishing in appearance
are those that were sprayed in winter with
tar distillate wash. In some way this in-
creases the vigour of the trees, as shown
by their large. dark green leaves. Bush
fruits bloomed well and Red Currants and
(Gooseberries have set heavy crops. Black

June 13, 1955.

Currants are beginning to “run off" and it

remains to be seen how much of the fruit
is going to mature.
Few PEARS AND PLUMs.
The fear expressed in last month's notes

as to the fate of the Pear and Plum bloom.
which opened in wet and windy weather.
has since proved to have been only too well
founded. Very little of the fruit has set
and crops will be light. Some young trees
of Conference and Fertility Pears have. how-
ever. aet as much as could be expected at
their age. Plums are a great disappointment.

Czar has set most fruit, but it is now so
badly attacked by brown rot that it is
doubtful whether it will be able to hold
much of the crop. Rivers Early Prolific
also has brown rot, but at present carries
a moderate crop. Victoria is healthy and

may do fairly wel. Pond's Seedling carries
some fruit, but Monarch is very disappointing.
and President is practically barren. Perhaps it
is as well that there should not be too
many Plums in à season which promises to
be notable for Apples as the latter sell
badly when there are many Plums on the
market. At present Plums are looking their
vory worst; the fruit does not show up
and pests and diseases aro at the height of
their attack. A rather moro favourable
account of them may be possible later; but
it cannot be & heavy crop.

PREVENTING SCAB.
| am vory glad that the Apples were
sprayed with Bordeaux mixture before bloom-
ing (the pink bud stage) as the result

seems to have been satisfactory. I found a
little scab on the leaves of Beauty of Bath
on May 11 whilst spraying was in progress.
There has been very little development of
the disease since. A second spraying was
given after the fall of the petals, but 1
dare not risk this with Cox's Orange Pippin
and Beauty of Bath, which. with me, are
very easily scorched. 1 have not been able
to find any efficient fungicide that is quite
safe for these varieties after blooming. 11 is
curious that they should be able to withstand
Bordeaux mixture before blooming, when the
leaves look very tender. and not afterwards.
Some years I have sprayed Cox's Orange
Pippin twice after blooming without harm.
but in other seasons it has led to scorching

and defoliation. It is, therefore. too risky.
Lime-sulphur is very little less dangerous
unless used too weak to be of much valu”.

It would be a good thing if
have some settled policy with
scab control in this country.
growers vary much in the methods they
employ. Some give a delayed dormant
spraying with lime-sulphur and do nothing
further. Some use Bordeaux mixture twice
after blooming, whilst others are afraid to
use it at all. 11 is quite likely that the
leaves withstand fungicides better in one dis-
trict than in another.

For any grower who aims at a good
trade. and specially if he wants Apples fit
for packing in boxes. scab control is of
supreme importance. 3 have sometimes men-

we could
regard 10
At present

tioned that the countries which send us
boxed Apples have a dry climate jn which
the disease is easily prevented. Most of
them have. but Mr. H. V. Taylor, of the

Ministry of Agriculture. who recently visited
these countries. tells me that Nova Scotia

has a climate which is quite as condusive
to scab as our own. Most of the growers
spray three or four times, and the best
of them five or six times. In the Journal

of the Ministry of Agriculture for December
Mr. ‘Taylor gives their plan of spraying.
The first application consists of lime-sulphur.

1 to 33. with the addition of arsenate of
lime, 2 Ib. to 100 gallons. This is put on
at 200 Ib. pressure when the trees are in

the green bud stage. For the second spray-
ing. just before the blossom opens, weaker
lime-sulphur (1 to 43) and arsenate of lime
are used. The third spray. after the petals

JUNE 13, 1925.

— —

have fallen, consists of limo-sulphur, 1 to 50,
and arsenate of lime, 13 lb. to 100 gallons.
Two weeks later the fourth spray is given
and this consists of Bordeaux mixture
(7—7-100) with 5 lb. of lead arsenate paste
added to each 100 gallons. In very wet
seasons a fifth spray, similar to the fourth,
is given two weeks later. The result is that
the growers get clean fruit and a high per-
centage of grade No. l. How many growers
in this country are prepared to do as much
work for scab prevention ?

APPLE STORAGE EXPERIMENT.

An interesting experiment in the storage
of Apples was carried out for. the Devon
County Agricultural Committee last year.

Three standard bushel boxes were packed
with an even grade of Bramley’s Seedling in
October. in one box each fruit was wrapped
in oiled tissue paper which comes from
America and is obtainable in this country.
For the second box ordinary white tissu»
wrappers were used, whilst the Apples in
the third box were not wrapped at all. The
boxes were stored in an ordinary packing
Each contained 120 Apples. They
opened in February after nineteen
weeks’ storage. It was found that 114 of
the Apples wrapped in oiled paper were
perfect as compared with eighty-six and
forty-seven with ordinary tissue wrapping and
no wrapping respectively. Moreover, the
oiled paper kept the fruit quite fresh in
appearance. Too much must not be assumed
from one small experiment, but the result is
so striking that the method well deserves
further trial. 'The cost of the oiled wrappers
was about twopence per bushel box. Market
Grower.

shed.
were

VEGETABLE GARDEN.

BRUSSELS SPROUTS.
(BRASSICA OLERACEA BULLATA GEMMIFERA).

THE Brussels Sprout, the most recently
developed form of Brassica oleracea bullata,
is one of the mogt highly esteemed and
generally grown vegetables of the present
day. The rugose leaves have ይ. great
resemblance to those of the Savoy, but the
main difference consists in the production of
multiple heads like miniature Cabbages by
side shoots from the main stem, instead of
one large head at the crown of the plant.
It is a plant that succeeds best in a
temperate zone, hence it is more at home
in northern Europe than in the warmer
countries of the south.

Of history it has practically none. Pliny,
à great authority on Brassicas, and more
recent writers such as Dodonaeus, Miller,
and Justice, do not mention it prior to
1759, but by 1793, when it was catalogued
by John Mason, it had become a regular
article of commerce. Belgium is no doubt
the country of its -origin, as its name
indicates. The Lowland Countries have
always been famous for every merchantable
member of the Brassica family. Some
writers date its appearance as early in the
eighteenth century, and as Brussels is not a
far ery from the capital of our own country
it may have been well known at any rate
by those who esteemed, and could afford,
imported produce.

Like the Savoy, the bulk of the varieties
offered to-day are of dull, darkish green
colour, and these are said to be the hardiest.
The paler varieties, of which the Dalkeith,
when first introduced, was an excellent
example, were at one time accounted indis-
pensable, but as the effects of bad weather
were more plainly visible on their delicate
foliage, greyish-green varieties of the Wroxton
tvpe came to bo more highly esteemed.

This change of taste has been shown in
regard to other varieties, for example, fifty

years ago, the Offenham Sprout, at that
time the most popular in the Vale of
Evesham, was a tall, slender plant with

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

quite amall ‘buttons’ not too thickly
spread on the stem; to-day, the most
popular Evesham variety is a half.dwarf
one, with medium- to large-sized ^ solid
sprouts, which completely envelop three-
fourths of a robust stem, and these are
cleared with very few pickings, continuous
supplies being more easily obtained by
successional sowings.

As evidence of its truc Brassica parentage,
it may be interesting to know that about
forty years ago Mr. George Taber, founder
of the seed-growing department of the
Cooper-Taber business, had a plant of the
Aigburth type with sprouts of a deep red
colour. This was shown by him to many
members of the seed trade (including the
writer), and the opinion was expressed by
Mr. Taber that it would make a novel and
attractive pickle, even if the colour were
objected to for use as an ordinary Sprout;
but many felt that it would be a long time
before it usurped the position held by
pickled Walnuts and Onions in aiding the
disposal of the viande froide—the true British
housewive’s piece de resistance. on St.
Monday. As far the writer knows nothing
ever came of the Blood Red Sprout.

As regards the number of varieties in
existence, their name is legion, but they
may all be regarded as variations (some very
pronounced) of six clearly defined types.
The chief points for consideration are, height
of plant, earliness or otherwise, and size of
individual sprouts; solidity being in all cases
A sine qua non.

Attempts have been made to
Brussels

cross the
Sprouts with other Brassicas, and
some of the results, such as Albert,
Dalmeny, and Earley's Hardy Green Kale,
had a certain vogue for & time, but hardly

any up-to-date catalogue quotes them to-
day. The genuine article satisfies most
people.

On the subject of size, the Belgians prefer
a small Sprout; France prefers a Sprout of
medium size (although President Carnot was
one of the earliest of the large and rather
soft varieties); Germany esteems medium to
large, and in our own country private growers
prefer such varieties as Dwarf Gem, while
in the mining and manufacturing districts
nothing smaller than a good solid Aigburth
will suffice.

Samples of ninety-five stocks were sent to
Wisley for trial in 1923, to fifteen of which
awards were made as follow:—Award of
Merit; Solidity, from Messrs. Wheeler, War-
minster; Darlington, from Messrs. Kent and
Brydon; One and All, from Mr. Heinemann,
Erfurt. Highly Commended; Half-long Paris,
Messrs. ‘Toogood ; Standard (Sharpe's), Messrs.
Barr and Sons; Walton Dwarf, Nos. 2 and
12, Messrs. Rowlands and ‘Toft. Commended ;
Dwarf Selected and Early Tall Improved,
Messrs. Zwaan and de Wiljes: Selected
(Medium) and Selected (Large Pale), Mr. G.
Cooper; Early Giant, Mr. Clucas; Walton
Dwarf, No. 8, Messrs. Rowlands and ‘Toft;
Masterpiece, Messrs. Harvey and Masters; and
Ideal, Messrs. Dickson, Brown and Tait.

The varieties deemed worthy of Awards
were those with medium to small sprouts.
A market grower’s selection would probably
have included more of the larger varieties of

Aigburth, Goliath, Evesham Giant, or
standard type, and the connoisseur would
certainly have voted for Dwarf Gem. There

are doubtless a score of other equally good
varieties in existence, which were not sub-
mitted for trial, so that buyers who obtain
their supplies from reliable sources should be
able to obtain quite easily all they rcquire.

As America is indebted to Europe for the
Brussels Sprout, a few facts respecting its
culture in that country may be of interest.
As a general rule they are not so highly
esteemed as in England, and are only coming
slowly into their own. The dryness of the
climate may have something to do with this,
but as the plant is amenable to cultural
influences, an effort was made by the Long
Island Cabbage-seed growers to develop a

419

strain free from the defects of the imported
article, but in the homes of the great mass
of the people it has not “ caught on." The
summers are too hot, and the winters too
cold, to allow of the development to which
we in the temperate zone are accustomed. Mr.
C. L. Allen in his valuable work on Cabbages,
ete., states, “the Sprouts are sold by the
quart; that one quart per plant is a good
crop; but that the Long Island. variety will
produce twice that quantity, say 10,000 quarts
per acre; so the market grower will find the
culture a paying proposition." Burpee’s Cook
Book gives the following recipe: “ Lay one
quart of Brussels Sprouts in cold water for
one hour. Drain, put over fire in saucepan
of boiling water and boil thirty-five to forty
minutes without a cover. Drain and cover
with sauce: or serve with salt, pepper, two
tablespoonsful melted butter, and one table-
spoonful lemon juice.”

The abovo with a floury Irish Potato and
a liberal helping from the breast of an
American Turkey would be most appropriate
fare for Thanksgiving Day! S. B. Dicks.

Apple-leaf Scorch.—In referenca 10
statement that this complaint is caused by
lack of potash in the soil, it may be of
interest to mention that in a fruit plantation
of Wye Agricultural College, Kent, fertilizer
trials were carried out yearly for some ten
years on Apple and Plum trees and on
Gooseberries. The trials were discontinued
because the results were not so well marked
as had been expected; but there was once
fact very evident, viz. that in the plot
whieh did not receive potash, although
receiving nitrogen and phosphate, the leaves
of all three fruits were less healthy and robust
than in any of the other plots—the Apples
having leaf scorch and the Gooseberry
foliage being more yellow and singed—the
fruit was smaller than in any of the plots.
The flowering of the Apples also seemed to be
a trifle later than in the other plots. What
seemed difficult to understand was that in the
case of trees on the plot receiving no manure
the foliage was perfectly healthy and the
growth of the trees better and the fruits
more numerous and larger than on the plot
receiving nitrate and phosphate but no potash.
Cecil H. Hooper.

Potato Breeding.—On page 303 there appears
some additional statements on the above subject
by Mr. G. M. Taylor. I do not know if a
reply on my part is called for; I have
stated my case and it is for your readers
to judge for themselves. However, Mr.
Taylor has grossly misconstrued some of my
assertions. I stated that I was aware that
numerous breeders sent worthless seedlings
to official stations. Mr. Taylor has concluded
that reference is made to all engaged in
Potato breeding. This is very far from
being the case. A number of breeders—-
although I am not informed that Mr.
Taylor is included in the category—submit,
I understand, valuable productions. It is
Mr. Taylor, then, who is guilty. and not
I, of maligning the efforts of our industrious
breeders. On page 207 Mr. Taylor, writing
on further Potato improvement, states:
“This can only be done by the discovery
of some species of Solanum, or something

the

allied to it, which will breed with the
modern Potato or any of its ancestors.”
What are “its ancestors"? I asked him
what he expected from the assimilation into
the Potato of wild Solanum blood. He
now replies “nothing.” What does he
mean? Does he know himself? ‘New

blood, according to him, is not to be found
in * wild" Solanum species, yet it exists in
*8ome species of Solanum or something
allied to it." Surely, his statements are
not particularly clear! The superior tone
adopted by Mr. Taylor is not quite in
keeping with the rules of good controversy.

420

His attitude is such that one might con-
clude that I; was only a theorist and ከር
an essentially practical man. He lacks the
lucidity of expression which might make the
lessons of his “ practical experience" of any
value on paper. I must point out, however,
that my observations on the Potato have been
made, 1 should imagine, over a much wider
field than those of Mr. Taylor. His remarks
concerning the beneficial effect a few years
practical breeding would have on my ideas
are quite beside the point. I have already
had that and more, but I do not feel it
incumbent on me to inform him always of
any work I have on hand. I have en-
deavoured to set out clearly my ideas
concerning the * new blood" theory, and 1
decline to discuss this particular point
further. 1 have used several species of the
Solanum in attempts at breeding, and I do
not write from the practical experience of
others, but from my own. Thomas P. McIntosh.

Ranunculus bulbosus flore pleno (p. 402).—
This plant is certainly rare, both in the
wild and cultivated states; after nearly
seventy years’ observation of both wild and
garden plants I had never seen it until last
summer when my wife found a small plant

by the side of the Portsmouth Road near
Wisley. The patch was about four inches
high and bore two or three flowers. There

were plenty of Buttercups near at hand but
no more double ones and nothing to indicate
why this one should be double. The specimen
was taken up and planted here; the foliage
disappeared entirely early in the winter. but
it came up again and is now a fine, strong
plant with seven main stems more or less
branched, and has produced over fifty
flowers. It is two feet high and about
the same in diameter. The earliest flowers
were green centred and proliferous, as men-
tioned on 402; the latest flowers are
much better, seven-cighths-of-an-inch across,
perfect in formation as a Show Dahlia and
of a good yellow colour. It is worthy a
place in any herbaceous border and is the
only plant I have which has benefited by
the exceedingly wet winter. It is mentioned
by Nicholson—Century Supplement to Die-
tionary of Gardening, p. 632—and has an * sign
as a desirable garden plant. He also men-
tions double forms of R. repens and R.
aeris; the latter is common enough and much
inferior to R. bulbosus fl. pl. Robinson's
English Flower Gurden, ed. 1900, p. 768,
mentions it, also two varieties of R. repens,
one neat the other untidy. Johnson's Gar-
deners: Dictionary, ed. 1870, mentions double
forms of R. acris and R. repens but does
not include R. bulbosus. Loudon’s Encyclo-
paedia of Plants, dated 1829, includes double
forms of R. aeris and R. repens but only
the single form of R. bulbosus; double
forms of all three are mentioned by Miller—
Gardeners’ Dictionary, ed. dated 1754. Miller
states that the double form of R. bulbosus
grows eight or ten inches high and produces
amall flowers coming out of the middle of
each other and is for that by some called
the Childing Crcwfoot. As no seeds are
produced | was uncertain whether my plant
would increase by division or eventually die
away, but I now find indications of four
new bulbs at the base. W. H. Divers,
V.M.H.. Westdean, Hook, near Surbiton.

The Shrinkage of Soil.—It is remarkable
how soil shrinks during dry weather; a lawn
that has been re-turved recently has apertures
quite two inches wide between tho turves.
due to the recent hot, dry weather, although
when the sods were laid they were placed
closely together. The shrinking cf soil, and
especially clay land, results in very great harm
to garden crops, but where the hoe has been
used freely to promote a fine tilth cn the
surface, trouble from cracking is largely
obviated. As much moisture is lost from the
8011. when the surface cracks badly in dry
weather, hoeing must be regarded as one of
the most important operations in spring and
carly summer. T.

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

SOCIETIES.

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL.

JuNE 9 AND 10.—The
the fortnightly meeting was
a show of Paeonies but, in a somewhat
backward season, the date proved to ከ6
too early, so that exhibitors of Paeonies
were fow. But Irises were shown in such
abundance and of such high quality as to
dominate all the other flowers. The dispo-
sition of the various exhibits combined with
artistic individual arrangements to produce a
very pleasing effect in the hall. Considering
the large quantities to be seen in the chief

special feature of
intended to be

flower markets, Roses and Carnations were

: in]
fewer than might have been expected.
Sweet Peas were excellently shown. and
there was a pleasant variety of general
border flowers. The Floral Committee
recommended an unusually large number of
Awards of Merit. and from very many new

Irises selected the best for trial at Wisley.
There were very few Orchids, and no fruits
or vegetables.

Orchid Committee.

Present: Sir Jeremiah Colman, Bt. (in the
Chair). and Messrs. Gurney Wilson (Hon.
Sec.) C. J. Lucas, Jas. O'Brien, A. Dye,
J. Wilson Potter, H. T. Pitt, F. W. Flory.
J. E. Shill, H. E. Alexander, Fred. K.
Sander, Charles H. Curtis, Henry H. Smith,
J. C. Cowan, T. Armstrong, Stuart Low,
and F. J. Hanbury.

AWARDS OF MERIT.

Miltonia vexillaria var Rajah.---A_ striking
variety with flowers of medium size and
pale rosy-mauve colouring, but the chief
feature of the variety is the large mask on
the lip, which is of intense dark, blackish
crimson colour, and occupies about half the
area of the labellum. Shown by Messrs.
FLoRY AND BLACK.

Odontoglossum crispum var. Renown.---A fine
form of an old and favourite Orchid. The
blooms are large, of good shape. with fringed

margins, and white, save for the yellow
base and disk of the lip and usually one
red-brown spot below the yellow area.
Shown by J. J. Borron, Esq. (gr. Mr.
Lyne, Claygate).
PRELIMINARY CERTIFICATE.
Odontioda Opal, Gerrish’s var. (Oda. Cook-

sonae X Oda. Eximilius).—A large flower, of
good shape, with deep red sepals and petals
marked with deep rose and a rose and red
lip Shown by R. GEnnIsH, Esq. (gr. Mr.
W. Sorrell), Milford Manor, Salisbury.

GROUPS.

Messrs. SANDERS set up a very interesting
group. the back line of which was com-
posed of Thunias. chiefly the elegant T.
Marshallianum ; Oncidium Marshallianum was
also very effective and there was a good
example of Dendrobium thyrsiflorum with a
pair of large. pendant racemes; Vanda
pumila, a rare plant with white flowers,
Cypripedium bellatulum and Bletia vere-
cunda were attractive. Other notable plants
were. those of Bulbophyllum Lobbii var.
Colossus. Masdevallia tridactylites, Masde-
vallia Harryana versicolor, Oncidium Papilio
majus. and the handsome, finely-formed
Odontioda Chantecler.

In Messrs. Sruart Low AND Co.'s ceon-
tribution there were capital examples of
Laelio-Cattleya Aphrodite, Brasso-Laelio-Catt-
leya Saundersonii, with a metallic lustre on
its violet-tinted mauve flowers: Odontioda
ornata with violet-rose edging to its red
spotted flowers; O. Cooksoniae. the graceful
O. Vuylstekeae and O. Brilliant: with
Anguloa (108681. and Dendrobium suavis-
simum.

Messrs. FLoRY AND BLACK showed beautifully
grown Miltonias, notably M. vexillaria var.

Jure 13. 1925.

by five fine specimens,
Rajah, with a wonderfully
the

Doris, represented
and M. v. var.
large and dark. almost black, mask on
soft rose-coloured lip..

A pleasing little exhibit of botanical
Orchids for which 515. JEREMIAH COLMAN,
Bt. (gr. Mr. J. Collier), Gatton Park, Reigate.
recsived a Vote of Thanks, proved of great
interest to Orchid lovers. It contained
Cirrhopetalum robustum with a spike of a
dozen flowers; Masdevallia civilis, M. elegans,

the quaint Megaclinium Imschootianum
Polystachya paniculata, the long, dark stemmed
Bulbophyllum Penicillium, the blue Den-

drobium Victoria
Platyclinis cornuta.

Among numerous small exhibits we noted
Brasso-Laelio-Cattleva Jupiter, of fine form
and colour, frorn Messrs. Cowan AND Co.

Reginae and the green

Southzate: Odontioda Opal, Gerrish's var..
of very fine red colouring, from R. GER-
RISH, Esq. (gr. Mr. Sorrell), Milford Manor,

Salisbury; and the bright Laelio-Cattleya
Canhamiana var. Mrs. Monteith Ogilvie from
Mrs. M. Ogilvie (gr. Mr. Findlay), Ken-
sington. Cattleya Queen Mary (Mendelii
alba x Warneri alba) with seventeen lovely
white and fragrant flowers, was shown by
Sir H. 8. Leon, Bt. (gr. Mr. J. T. Barker),
Bletchley Park, Bucks. A Cultural Com-
mendation was granted.

Floral Committee.

Section A.-—Present: Mr. Henry B. May
(in the Chair), and Messrs. J. F. McLeod.
A. Turner, H. J. Jones, Donald Allan, W.
H. Page. J. M. Bridgeford, Hugh Dickson,
Montagu C. Allwood, J. B. Riding, F. Streeter.
E. R. Janes, Chas. E. Pearson, G. W. Leak.
D. B. Crane, W. B. Gingell, and W. Howe.

Section B.—Present: Mr. C. T. Musgrave
(in the Chair), Sir Wm. Lawrence, and Messrs.
Gerald Loder, G. Reuthe, G. Harrow, F. G.
Preston, E. H. Wilding, W. B. Cranfield, C.
Williams, Amos Perry, Clarence Elliott, R.
C. Notcutt, R. W. Wallace, T. Hay, and G.
Yeld.

AWARDS OF MERIT.

Salvia Harbinger.—A_ sturdy, free-blooming
variety, carrying large, scarlet flowers in
goodly spikes. A fine variety for summer
bedding or for pot culture. Shown by Messrs.
WATKINS AND SIMPSON.

Ageratum Little Blue Cloud.—A low-growing.
densely bushy, compact variety, with large.
clear blue flowers; a fine plant for bedding.
and wherever a neat, low carpeting or edging
of blue is needed. Shown by Messrs. Dickson
AND ROBINSON.

Carnation Froyle Beauty.—A broad-petalled
border variety of good size. The colour is
@ mixture of salmon and apricot. Shown by
Mrs. P. B. Summers, Froyle Place, Alton.

Heucheru Pink Delight.—A fairly tall-growing
variety, graceful and of soft pink colouring.
but apparently not differing materially from
others in commerce. Shown by Mr. G. Miller.

Pyrethrum Avalanche-—A promising white
variety with several rows of ray florets, but not
double in the usual sense of the word. It
should become popular as a cut flower for
market. Shown by Mr. H. ROBINSON.
Hinkley.

Hydrangea Neige Orleanaisc.—The immense
heads of big “flowers” are very effective.
substantial and clear white. Shown by Mr.
H. J. Jones, Lewisham.

Hydrangea Pasteur. — Another large-flowered
variety carrying big heads of pink blooms.
some of the segments having a tiny green

tip. Shown by Mr. H. J. JONEs.

Rhododendron myrtilloides.—This was the
most distinct new plant shown on this
occasion. The small, pendant, campanulate

flowers are scarcely an inch long, pink, with
whitish tube, and carried on long, pale
pedicels. The leaves are bright, shining
green, small, and produced freely on the
twiggy growths. As shown, the plant is

JuxKE 13, 1925.

THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

421

barely six inches high and has a_ very
charming appearance. R. myrtilloides was
found by Mr. F. Kingdon Ward (K.W. 3173,

according to the label), in 1914, on the
Nmai divide in north-east Burma, at an

nltitude of fifteen thousand feet. The flowers
have been described as Plum-coloured, and
we understand there is a deeper hued form
than the one exhibited. Shown by L. DE
RoTHscHILp, Esq. (gr. Mr. A. Bedford),
Exbury, Scuthampton.

Echium Wildprettii.-A giant species of
Bugloss hailing from the Canary Islands. lt
grows from two feet to three feet high. and
has a dense spike of reddish flowers. Echium
Wildpretii formed the subject of the coloured

plate in Gard. Chron., June 7, 1919. Shown
by Mr. C. T. MusGravr.
Cistus ladaniferus immaculatus.— A lovely

flowering shrub producing large flowers of
pure white instead of the spotted form.
Shown by Sir WM. Lawrence, Burford

Lodge, Dorking.

Rhododendron Mrs.
rose-pink variety,
up a bold truss.

4. C. Kenrich.—A fine
the large blooms making
Shown by the EXECUTORS
of the late Mr. ANTHONY WATERER.

Rhododendron Mrs. William Watson.—A
lovely variety with big blooms borne in a
large and shapely truss. The lobes of the
flowers do not overlap as in many modern
sorts, but this adds to, rather than detracts
from, the beauty of the variety. There are
a few brown spots on one segment of each
flower, and these are distinctly imposed, as

though printed ; otherwise the flowers are
pure white. Shown by the EXECUTORS of
the late Mr. ANTHONY WATERER.

Rhododendron Lady de Rothschild.—The big,
white. rounded flowers are carried in large
trusses, and there are a few purplish spots
on one segment. A very pleasing variety.
Shown by the Execurors of the late Mr.
ANTHONY WATERER, Knap Hill.

Rhododendron Ida Waterer.—A showy variety
with large, finely friled blooms of pleasing
violet-tinted rose colour. Shown by Messrs.
WATERER, SONS AND CRISP.

Rhododendron Ted Waterer.—The flowers are
wide and flattened, white, bordered with deep
lavender and with yellow spotting on one
segment. Shown by Messrs. WATERER, Sons
AND CRISP.

Rhododendron discolor hyb.—The flowers of
this showy Rhododendron are frilled, widely
expanded at the mouth, but fairly long-tubed.
The colour is a rich pink. Shown by Messrs.
WATERER, SONS AND CRISP.

Rhododendron Monstrous.—The name of this
variety is not a pleasing one, except that
it may denote the immense size of the hand-
some trusses. The colour is a lovely shade
of rose-pink, but in some lights it is violet-
rose. Shown by Messrs. WATERER, SONS AND
CRISP.

Irises for the Wisley Trials.

The following tall, bearded Irises
selected for trial at Wisley :—

Iris Flammenschwert (Flaming Sword).—A
very showy variety, with clear nankeen
yellow standards and golden-edged falls of
crimson hue with white markings. Shown by
THE ORPINGTON NURSERIES, Orpington.

Iris Mystic.- -A dainty variety with delicate
white standards and whita falls, feathered on
each side at the base with bright rose. Shown
by THE ORPINGTON NURSERIES.

Iris Princess Orra.—This variety has very
broad standards and falls, which are blush
white over the central area, with & wide
bordering of mauve-blue composed of spots
and veins of colour.
TON NURSERIES.

Iris Salawat.-- 4 handsome seedling from
Dominion. The standards are clear. metallic
blue and the standards of deeper blue with

wero

a light golden crest. Shown by Mr. G. P.
BAKER.

Iris Shalbruz.—A large and handsome flower
with broad blue standards and wide falls
that are rieh violet blue with purplish

' crimson,

Shown by THE ORPING-

shading at the base. Shown by Mr. G. P.
BAKER, Bexley.

Iris Mesa.—The big blooms of this variety
have wide, bluish mauve standards and deep
purple, red based falls and a golden crest.
Said to be the result of crossing Neptune
and Dominion. Shown by Mr. G. P. BAKER.

Iris Imperateur.—Another big -flowered variety
with colouring somewhat similar to the one
previously named, but with a paler crest.
Shown by THE ORPINGTON NURSERIES.

PAEONIES.

There were only two exhibits of Paeonies in
competition for the Harding Cup, which did not
appear to have been awarded. Sir WILLIAM Law-
RENCE. Bart.. Burford Lodge, Dorking, had
half-a-dozen vases of very good blooms
amongst which the vivid colouring of the
single variety, Fire King, was very prominent.
Paeonia albiflora rosea, single, blush pink, and
Gloire de Chas. Gombcult, a well formed,
double creamy white with pink guard petals,
were also of considerable merit. Amongst the
six varieties staged by Mr. W. B. CRANFIELD
were Wild Rose, single pink, and Lady Car-
rington, pale blush, and of good double
form.

The only collection of Paeonies was staged
by Messrs. KELWAY AND SON and this was
placed in the Orchid annexe. This proved
to be an advantage in that lovers of these
handsome border flowers were able to view
the excellent collection in comfort. The
single-flowered varieties were especially good
and they combined delicacy and beauty of
colouring with considerable substance of petal.
The principal varieties were Dorothy, satiny
shell-pink ; Letitia, soft pink; Victor Hugo,
and Kingsbury, rich deep pink.
Amongst the double-flowered varieties we
noted Sunrise, blush pink; Lady Stradbrooke,
medium pink; Helen Glover, white, and
Rosemary, deep blush, all of which were of
perfect form and of fresh colouring. In
addition to the Paeonies Messrs. KELWAY
AND Son showed excellent Pyrethrums and
Lupins. Mr. F. GIFFORD had a good batch
of Paeonia albiflora grandiflora.

TRISES.

As we have stated the Bearded Irises were
a very important feature of the show, and
seldom, if ever, before have these valuable
border flowers been shown in such quantity
and of such high quality. Just inside the
entrance Messrs. GEORGE BUNYARD AND Co.,
had a delightful arrangement of the best
varieties, and amongst these we selected the
following as being deserving of especial
mention. Dalmatica, a tall Pallida variety ;
Rotura, an even more robust spike of lovely
blue shades; Ambassadeur, reddish violet,
with velvety falls and bright yellow beard;
Cluny, pale lilac, with deeper falls marked
with brownish purple; Ed. Michel, a hand.
some wine-red self-coloured flower; Rosalind,
rosy lavender with lavender coloured falls,
and Neptune, of tall habit with brilliant
blue standard and rich purplish falls. Amongst
the various smaller flowered varieties Iris
sibirica Perry’s Blue, which is dwarfer in
habit, rather larger in flower and of deeper
colour than other types, was of great merit.

On the opposite side of the gangway Mr.
Amos PERRY had a fascinating collection af
Irises which included Mary Gibson of free
habit; Duke of York, quite four feet high
with fine mauve-blue colour stained with
bronze and falls of a softer shade of the
same colour; Marjorie Tinley, of similar
colouring ; R. W. Wallace; Mrs. H. F. Bowles,
of uncommon rich crimson colouring while
the falls are edged with brown and shot with
purple, and Mary Sadler.

Chief among the many varieties attractively
shown by Messrs. WATERER, SONS AND CRISP,
were Princess Victoria Louise, primrose yellow,
with reddish purple falls which have a narrow
primrose edging; Prince of Orange with
madder brown falls; Fro. bright yellow with

plum coloured falls reticulated with pale
yellow; Delila, Cluny, Rhein Nixe, a large

white flower with violet-purple falls lightly edged
with white, and Sweet Lavender, a distinct
flower of rose-lavender shading.

Many excellent sorts were displayed by
Messrs. BARR AND Sons, who included Ed.
Michel, Fairy, Ambassadeur, Duchess of York,
Souvenir de Madame Gaudichaud, and Princess
Victoria Louise, of those already mentioned
as well as such other sorts as Ballerine,
silvery-lilae with silvery-purple falls; Juniata,
silvery violet with rich violet-purple falls;
Viola, violet-blue self, and Zouave, white
standards, and falls veined with rosy lilac.

Amongst the collection set up by Mr. G.
G. WHITELEGG were Neptune, Alcazar, a
handsome deep blue flower with velvety-
purple falls; Lord of June, pale lavender-
blue, with deeper falls; Ambassadeur and
Emperor of India.

A very attractive ccllection was contributed
by Messrs. R. W. WALLACE AND Co., and
this included Quaker Lady. Pioneer, Roseway,
Corida, Ann Page, Florence Wells, Elinor,
and Susan Bliss. The last named is probably
the pinkest Iris yet introduced. Volumnia, a
Caterina seedling, is of beautiful pale helio-
trope colour with a silky sheen; Swazi, of
reddish violet colouring, and Mistress Ford,
reddish purple, with red-violet falls are
splendid novelties.

The Irises from THE ORPINGTON NURSERIES
included excellent spikes of Ambassadeur, Prosper
Langier, Asia, Red Admiral, Harmony, Monte-
zuma, Imperator and Iris King. Messrs. LowE
AND GIBSON included Corida, Romany,
Camelot, Quaker Lady and Maxwell in a
good collection and also showed vases of
border Carnations, Sheila Gibson and A. St.
Clair Amos.

MISCELLANEOUS.
General border flowers were shown by
Messrs. Bakers, Ltd., who had Iceland
Poppies, Irises and Lupins. Messrs. R.
TUCKER AND SoNs included Campanula

garganica and its variety hirsuta and C.

muralis major with their alpines. Messrs.
SKELTON AND KiRBY had Geums, Lupins,
and Gargania splendens; Messrs. W. H.

ROGERS AND Son included an attractive
batch of a pink Mesembryanthemum,
Dianthus preziosa and double-flowered Ice-
land Poppies. Mr. G. A. MILLER had
general border flowers.

In an attractive rockery Mr. F. G. Woop
displayed Mimulus Coronation of vivid
colouring, Achillea Lewisii and A. argentea.
THE CHALK HILLs NursERY CoMPANY showed
Thalictrums and Irises. Messrs. HARKNESS
AND Sons included Lupins in their exhibit;
Messrs. MAXWELL AND BEALE had seasonable
flowers and Messrs. B. LapHaMs, Lr.,
included a glowing vase of Lychnis, with
Lupins and Oriental Poppies.

Lupins, chiefly of polyphyllus strains were
largely shown, both as special groups and in
association with other border flowers. THE
MAYTHAM GARDENS had an attractive collection
of named varieties amongst which prominence
was given to a batch of the glowing pink
and red shaded Maytham Sunrise; Glory, of
rich pink shades, and Maytham Beauty were
also admirable. Mr. H. MansHaM showed
a number of spikes of the strain in which
he specialises, while Messrs. J. CHEAL AND
Sons had a few vases of Orange Queen, of
buff-orange colouring.

A large group of named Lupins was
displayed by Mr. G. R. Downer, and these
were of an excellent strain of good strong
spikes made up of large flowers in fresh and
distinct colours. Under the clock, Mr. T.
CARLILE had such named sorts as Delight,

a pink bicolor; Happiness, dark blue, and
Sunshine, rich vellow. Messrs. W. PRICHARD
AND Son also had an admirable collection

of Lupins. In association with their splendid
new Ageratum Little Blue Cloud Messrs.
Dickson AND Rosinson had a dozen or so
vases of splendid, named Lupins.
Long-spurred Aquilegias of an excellent
strain were staged by Messrs. DoBBiE AND
Co. These were arranged in such colourings

422

as blue and white, orange and yellow, buff
and yellow and pure yellow. Mr. H. HEMSLEY
showed Lupins, Anchusas and other hardy
flowers.

A fine group of hardy flowers was
arranged by Mr. J. C. ALLGROVE. Three
large stands contained magnificent spikes of
Eremurus robustus Magnificent, a new variety
which is quite double the size of the type
and bears flowers of a lovely shade of pale
pink, set off by orange anthers. Anchusa
Dropmore variety, A. Opal, and A. Pride of
Dover were also well shown. The last-named
is a dwarfer form of the Dropmore variety
and bears larger flowers of & clearer shade
of blue. Thalictrums in variety were repre-
sented and amongst the Paeonies were
Paeonia lutea, a Chinese species with foliage
like that of P. Moutan and flowers similar
to those of Nuphar lutea; P. Delavayii has
finely cut leaves and bears deep crimson,
fragrant flowers; P. lutea, as sent out by
Lemoine, bears no resemblance to the true
species; the flowers are of rich pink colour
with & cluster of rich yellow stamens; P.
The Bride, a large pure white, flower is
another fine variety.

Some early Delphiniums of merit were
staged by Messrs. BLACKMORE AND LANGDON.
The best were Blue Bird, of deep shade:
Blue Princess, of pale, almost lavender, blue;
Lord Derby, rosy-mauve; and Edward
Bromet, an improved Rev. E. Lascelles. In
a neat group, THE SWANLEY HORTICULTURAL

COLLEGE showed Clarkias, Campanulas, and
Nemesias, while the Misses Hopkins had
seasonable flowers, and included a_ plant

of the Chives which, when in flower, has
distinct garden value. Mr. G. REUTHE
included a useful rock garden plant in
Saxifraga cochlearis x S. longifolia amongst
his collection of alpines, and he also showed
various Rhododendrons and Azaleas. Messrs.
RicH AND Co. had Lupins, Iceland Poppies,
and Violas.

An excellent group of Rhododendrons was
shown by Messrs. WATERER. SON, AND CRISP.
These were mostly large plants bearing
plentiful trusses of good blooms and included
Ted Waterer, Ida Waterer and Monstrous,
which received Awards of Merit. Other
valuable sorts were Eileen, a compact truss
of flowers which have a distinct pink edge;
Elsa Crisp, a blush pink with deeper
margins, and Philip Waterer, a truss as
large as that of Pink Pearl but with rather
flatter pips of stippled pink colour. The
style of the truss suggests Aucklandii blood.
It is quite hardy and of great decorative
value. The several R. discolor hybrids
showed delightful variations of pink colours.
In the Orchid annexe Messrs. L. R. RUSSELL,
Ltp., included well-flowered Azaleas with
Clematis and Japanese Maples.

Mr. H. J. JONES again showed a splendid
collection of the Hydrangeas he grows so
well. H. Parsival is one of the best pinks,
a shade of colour also represented by
Yvonne Gayeux and Elma. Neidersachen
bears large trusses of rich blue and Rhine-
gold has large flowers of similar shade.
Along the front of this excellent collection
there were immense heads of the varieties
W. Pfitzer and of Le Marne.

A tastefully arranged group of a large
number of plants of Crassula ccccinea minor
with a few Cocos Weddeliana and Liliums
was shown by Baron BRUNO SCHRODER (gr.

Mr. E. J. Henderson) The Dell, Egham,
which illustrated the highest cultural skill.
Messrs. STUART Low AND Co. showed
Hippeastrums, Leptospermum Nicholii and
Erica Cavendishii, full of flower and of
useful size. Messrs. W. J. GopFREY AND
Son had cut trusses of the Fancy and

Regal Pelargoniums they showed so well at
Chelsea. The Queen, pink; The Gypsy,
crimson shade: Conquest and Gladiator,
of scarlet colouring, were admirable. They
also showed a variety of Oriental Poppies. '

Sweet Peas of great merit were shown by
Messrs. ROBERT BOLTON AND SON. Their

THE GARDENERS’

novelties included Royal Pink, shades of pink
and rose; Peggy, vivid crimson; Gold Crest,
pale orange ; Wizard, deep orange ; Wembley,
pearly lavender; Matchless, cream; and
Black Bess, the darkest of all Sweet Peas.
Constance Hinton, which is still the best of
the whites, was also well shown. Messrs.
ALEX. DicksoN AND Sons also had a good
collection of Sweet Peas, and they included
Constance Hinton, with Crusader, orange-
salmon ; Daisybud, pale pink ; Elegance. blush-
pink ; Gloriosa, orange-scarlet ; Lucifer,
salmon-cerise ; Magnet, cream-pink ; Mermaid.
lavender; Royal Scot, cerise-scarlet ; and
Wonderful, of similar colour.

In an attractive corner group Mr. CHARLES
TURNER showed good Polyantha Roses. The
chief varieties were Juliana, soft pink ;
Chatillon Rose, of wild Rose colour; and
Ethel, a Wichuraiana hybrid. Mr. GEORGE
Prince has large vases of Allan Chandler.
of rich crimson colour; Pax; Victoria, an
immense, semi-double flower of deep pink
colour and distinct fragrance; Cupid. and
Austrian Yellow. Mr. PEMBERTON showed
Star of Persia. Harrisonii, and Chateau de
Clos Vougeot.

Carnations were shown by Mr. €. ENGEL-
MANN, Messrs. ALLWOoOD BROTHERS. Messrs
STUART Low anb Company, and Mr. J. C
BECK, who staged a group of Mrs. Vlasto,
a fancy variety of lilac and white colouring,
and pleasantly fragrant.

Mr. C. H. HERBERT had a selection of
his excellent Pinks, which included Brides-

maid ; Mrs. J. Woolley. soft. salmon-pink ;
Red Indian, cherry-red; and Model, soft,
rosy-pink.

Fruit and Vegetable Committee.

Present: Messrs. C. G. A. Nix (Chairman).
J. Cheal. Geo. F. Tinley, J. C. Allgrove.
A. C. Smith, W. H. Divers, Edwin Beck-
ett, A. N. Rawes, E. A. Bunyard, and A.
Metcalfe.

There were no exhibits before the Com-
mittee on this occasion, but a considerable
amount of time was spent in revising the
schedule of the special fruit show to be
held in the autumn.

BATH AND WEST AND SOUTHERN
COUNTIES AGRICULTURAL.

May 23-JUNE 2.—The Bath and West and
Southern Counties Agricultural Society's show
was held at Maidstone on these dates. The
day preceding the opening was very
unfavourable, incessant rain falling throughout.
On the opening day conditions were more
propitious. The horticultural section was
exceedingly good. The exhibits were of high
quality and general effectiveness, and were
grouped in a large tent with overflow groups
out-of-doors in well-shaped beds cut out in
grass.

Messrs. ARTHUR CHARLTON, Tunbridge Wells,
displayed many well-grown flowering shrubs;
also exceedingly fine forms of Japanese
Maples, with a fringe of Funkia ovata
marmorata aurea and F. ovata medio-picta.

Messrs. R. WaLLACE AND Co, Tunbridge
Wells, made very pleasing designs cut out
of the grass, and planted them with flowering
shrubs, etc. Messrs. W. and A. CLARK.
Dover, contributed a rock and water garden.
in which were Paeonies, Irises, and alpines.,
a central bed of Geranium tricolor var.,
being very effective.

Ths tent contained a most glorious display
of Rhododendrons from Messrs. WATERER.
SONS, AND Crisp, Twyford. which included
well-grown specimens of Pink Pearl. Cynthia.
Boule de Niege. and John Waterer.

Mr. Amos Prrry, Enfield, displayed many
of his firm's new hybrid bearded Irises in
numerous varieties. such as Marjorie Tinley,
Wayland Cowley. Mrs. Marion Cran. Crimson
Glow, Mrs. Fred Stem, Lady Chas. Allom.
Mr. Perry also showed numerous varieties of
Hemerocallis hybrids. We noticed a pretty.
blue, bulbous plant, named Ixiolirion

CHRONICLE.

JUNE 13. 1925.

tartaricum, which was very telling ; also
Eremurus Elwesianus, and its variety albus,
and E. Himrob, backed by Japanese Maples
and tall grass.

Messrs. Toocoop, Southampton, and Messrs.
CARTER AND Co., Raynes Park, both showed
collections of vegetables of a high standani
of quality.

Messrs. DoBBIE AND Co., Edinburgh,
contributed many fine bunches of Sweet Peas.

Mr. H. J. Jones, Lewisham, and Messrs.
JARMAN, Chard, had Hydrangeas in many
shades; the latter firm also contributed
forms of Viola cornuta. including Lavender
Quen, and purpurea; also annuals.

Messrs. MAXWELL AND BEALE, Broadstairs,
had a miniature rockery and water garden.
Messrs. Wms. CUTBUSH AND Sow, Barnet,
arranged a most effective group, consisting of
Polyantha Roses, blue-flowering Hydrangeas.

ete.

Messrs. ALLWoopD Bros., Haywards Heath.
and Mr. C. ENGELMANN, Saffron Walden,
contributed Carnations.

Messrs. W. H. RoGrers AND Sons. Lro.
Red Lodge Nursery. Southampton. showed

alpines, and Messrs. BAKERS, Wolverhampton,
had an artistically-arranged group of alpines.
backed by Lupinus, Primulas, Azaleas, etc.

Messrs. W. J. GoprREY AND Sox, Exmouth.
showed many varieties of Pelargoniums.
Poppies, and various annuals.

Messrs. Stuart Low anv Co. Bush Hill
Park, Enfield, exhibited Hippeastrums
(Amaryllis) in variety, Carnations, Odontc-
zlossums, Cattleyas. Dendrobiums, etc.

Messm. W. Bray AND Sox, Okehamptor,
showed Rhododendrons, in gocd form. and
Messrs. REAMsBOTTOM, West Drayton, exhi-
bited their fine strain of St. Brigid Ancmone-.

Messrs. ENGLISH AND Son. Gloucester.
showed dwarf and = climbing Roses. while
Messrs. Ricu AND Sox. Bath. contributed

annuals and numerous herbaceous perennials.
and Mr. FRANK HanNETT, Maidstone, dis-
plaved Roses and Violas.

Messrs. GEORGE BUNYARD AND Co., Maid-
stone, exhibited a fine. collection of fruit;
also የህ! herbaceous flowers in which. Iris
Black Prince was conspicuous.

Mr. H. Marcuam. Borough Green, Kent.
contributed a good strain of — Lupinus

polyphyllus.

FRENCH EXHIBITION OF DECORATIVE ART.

LIKE every self-respecting show, the Exhi-
bition of Decorative Art now being held in
Paris was opened in an unfinished condition.
in the midst of a mass of packing cases
and rubbish. However, the French XNationa!
Horticultural Society had provided for the
first temporary horticultural exhibition—which
coincided with the opening date—a very
attractive little display, in the pavilion
reserved for thə purpose: most of the big
growers in and around Paris sent very
creditable contributions.

The central space was occupied by Messrs.
Vilmorin-Andrieux et Cie, of Verriėres-le-
Buisson, who staged two large masses of
hybrid Cinerarias, in the centre of the group
being the fine red variety Matador. They also

showed two little beds of mixed spring
flowers---Aubrietia, Saxifraga, Viola, Arabis,
Primula, ete.---besides a number of Auriculas

and Viola gracilis semperflorens with numerous
large dark violet flowers. .

From the greenhouses of the City of Paris
(M. Mornay, head gardener) came a lovely
group of Begonia Gloire de Lorraine and
B. Gloire de Chatelaine, Cineraria La Parisienne.
and masses of Indian Azaleas, the whole
wel] displayed against a background of
Palms and greenhouse foliage plants. The
City Azalens are. now quite celebrated, and
are the admiration of all visitors to the
Auteuil houses in the flowering season.

MM. Ferarp, Paris, had a raised exhibit
supported at each side by a brick wall. of
rock plants such as Sempervivum, Aubrietia.
Wallflower and Arabis: above were vases ol

JuNE 13, 1925.

THE GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE.

423

cut bulbous flowers. There were also some
Cannas in flower, which was rather remark-
able considering the time of year.

M. Wzriss, of St. Cloud, showed a little
group of Japanese Azaleas, Hatsugiri,
Hinemayo, etc., in vases, in the Japanese

fashion, on large flat stones with a back-
ground of moss. The pretty little fl@wers,
with their bright, dainty colouring, were
in strong contrast with the Indian Azaleas
in the City of Paris exhibit. M. Weiss was
also showing Japanese dwarf trees.

MM. VacHEROT and LECOUFLE, of Boissy
St. Leger, had & fine exhibit of cut Car-
nations, with a background of Nephrolepis.

M. PARENT, of Reuil, brought an appetising
display of fruits, including Amsden Peach,
Nweet Cherries, Strawberries, ete.; M. ANGEL,
of Paris, showed cut bulbous flowers such as
Tulips, Anemones, and Irises; and MM.
CAYEUX AND LE CLERC had fine groups of
Cinerarias and Viola cornuta.

Lower down, on the banks of the Seine,
M. CocHc, the horticultural builder of St.
Denis, put up one of his graceful little
zreenhouses in pitch-pine, which M. Mancoz,
of Brunoy, had furnished with a nice display
of plants, including vigorous Cymbidiums and
the very pretty Phaius Opoixii var. tenebrosa,
with a red-brown labellum. Also by the river
were the trained fruit trees of M. NOMBLO,
of Bourg-la-Reine, and the cut trees exhibited
by M. Crotx, of Chatenay, among which
was a fine specimen of Yew shaped like a
pag oda.

Altogether this was a pleasing little show,
brightly decorative and well arranged: but
t is to be feared that the space allotted
will prove inadequate for the remainder of
the temporary exhibitions, which will be
held monthly until the close of the
exhibition, |

BRITISH FLORISTS’ FEDERATION.

THE Market Floral Committee of the British
Fiorists’ Federation met at Messrs. Monro’s
lower Salerooms. Tavistock Street. Covent
Garden, on Monday. June 8. at noon.

Som? Spanish and Dutch Irises, all home-
raised seedlings. were presented, but none won
the appreciation of the Committee, although
two were selected to be seen again.

FiRsT-CLAss CERTIFICATE.

Hydrangea | Parsifal.—This handsome and
brilliant Hydrangea is already becoming
popular, althouzh it has not long been in
cultivation. It was raised on the Continent,
and Mr. Ladds promptly obtained all possible
stock of it. The shapely heads of bloom are
rich pink or a vivid shade of old rose.
Shown by Mr. PHriniP Lapps, Swanley.

UNITED HORTICULTURAL BENEFIT AND
PROVIDENT. |

THE monthly meeting of this society was
held in the Royal Horticultural Society's Hall
on Monday, June 8, Mr. Chas. H. Curtis
presiding.

Three members withdrew interest from their
deposit accounts amounting to £9 188. 6d.
and two members withdrew £49 17s. 8d.
Irom their deposit accounts, while the sum
of £21 7s. 7d. was passed for payment to
the nominee of one deceased member. The
sick pay for the month on the private side
was £67 Os. 4d. and on the State section
199 88. ; maternity claims came to £4. The
Sum of £45 84. 6d. was granted to ten
members for dental and optical treatment.

À special gencral meeting was afterwards
held, over which Mr. Curtis presided, to
receive the report and second valuation of
the State section of the Society. The
valuation shoWed a surplus of £8,298, of
Which the Commissioners are carrying forward
12,950, leaving a disposable balance of £5,348.
The following allocations were agreed to for
the next five years :—An additional 28. per
Week sick pay: 2s. ëd. per week extra
during disablement ; payment for the first

three days of sickness; an extra 108. for
maternity claims; also assistance to pay off
arrears in the case of distressed members ;
£600 per year towards dental treatment ; £75
for convalescent members; £75 for surgical
treatment: £220 for optical treatment ; and
£50 towards nursing expenses.

The chairman congratulated the members
on the financial position which permitted
these increased benefits, and said the position
was due to the good health of members
and the careful management of the
committee.

HU is ur ee, a eee, | መጨው መ=

READING AND DISTRICT GARDENERS’
MUTUAL IMPROVEMENT.

THE first evening meeting of the summer
session was held in the charming grounds
and gardens of Wittington, Marlow. by the
kind permission of the Right Hon. Viscount
Devonport, D.L., J.P., on Wednesday, June 3.

The party. which included the president
(Mr. Frank E. Moring) the chairman
(Mr. A. W. Gower), Mr. Councillor T.
Waldron. and prominent members of the
committee, was welcomed by his Lordship,
and, under his guidance and that of Mr.
W. J. Short. the capable gardener, about
two-and-a-half hours were pleasantly spent
in inspecting the herbaceous’ borders, the
water garden, and the unusually large and
fine rockeries. Wittington is also noted for
its splendid collection of flowering trees and

shrubs. The clumps of Rhododendrons in
the wild, valley-garden making most charming
pictures.

The thousands of plants in the rockeries
roused grcat interest. ranging from the
spikes of Eremurus robustus to the miniature

Arenarias. Among the mest noticeable were
large clumps of Aethionema Warley Rose,

and A. grandiflorum; Lithospermum Heavenly
Blue, very fine. and L. graminiflorum ;
Helianthemums in variety, Alyssum spinosum,
Dianthi, Phlox amoena, P. Laphami, P. G. F.
Wilson, P. Sprite. and P. Vivid; and Campanula
muralis; whilst in the shady portions of
the rock-garden Primula japonica was
flowering profusely. This part of the garden
was of great educational value, as each
species and variety was plainly labelled.

In the water-garden, Iris sibirica proved
a fine feature; especially fine was a batch
of I. Emperor. The herbaceous borders

were looking exceedingly gay considering the
season : the large batches of Cheiranthus
Allionii looked glorious in the evening
sunshine. There was also a fine collection
of Irises, containing good specimens of
Ambassadeur, Alcazar, Lord of June, Magnifica,
King of the Iris, and Isolene ; whilst the

Lupins were well represented by such
varieties as Admiration, Cottage. Penelope,
Sunshine, etc.

Obituary.
Ernest Stephen Amey. — East Anglian

gardeners will be sorry to learn that Mr. E.
S. Amey died on Saturday, May 30, at ከ18
cottage in the grounds of The Castle, Castle
Hedingham, Essex. The illness which caused
his death was of short duration, but he had
been failing in health for some time. He was
appointed gardener to the late Mrs. Mitchell
at Holbrook Hall Sudbury, Suffolk, about
thirty-five years ago, in succession to his
father, under whose supervision the beautiful
grounds at that place were laid out. He
stayed there until 1919, in the service of
Mrs. Majendie, and on that lady taking up
her residence at her Essex seat, 'The Castle,
Castle Hedingham, he was given charge of
the gardens there. The interment took place

at Castle Hedingham on the 3rd inst., and
the funeral was attended by many local
friends as well as several from Sudbury. Mr.

Amery was 68 years of age. and
widow and two daughter.

leaves a

TRADE NOTE.

Messrs. T. BATH AND Co. Lrp., of Savoy
Street, Strand, and whose works are at Herne
Hill state that the fire which occurred in a
section of their works on Friday evening,
June 5, will not cause any delay in the
execution of orders, as the whole of their
sawing and moulding mills were not damaged
in any way.

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

COLLAPSE OF SPRUCE AND HONEYSUCKLE:
Tracy. The Colorado Spruce and Honey-
suckle shoots indicate that the plants have
been badly attacked by aphis which would
seriously reduce their vitality. Added to :
this it is probable that the soil of the
garden has become deficient in food
content and that the two items together
have been responsible for the death of the
plants. The death of the Ivy might well
be due to the same causes. A very con-
siderable number of Spruces, young and old.
have been killed by Spruce. aphis during
the last few years.

NAMES OF PLANTS: Mrs. M. J. W. Chryso-
gonum virginianum. Old Reader. 1, Em-
bothrium coccineum; 2, Stachys lanata
(Lamb's Ear).

PARAFFIN AND ORNAMENTAL WATER: U.
Spraying still ponds or other sheets of
water would no doubt be effective against
mosquitos. as was done in Egypt during

the war; but we doubt the policy of
doing it where Water Lilies and other
aquatics are grown. The oil would be

like a film on the top of the water and
could scarcely fail to be injurious to the
edges of Water Lily leaves and the stems
of plants in the water. Oil of any kind
is injurious to plants, and although
paraffin has been used for cleaning Palms
infested with mealy bug. the leaves are
washed with clean water soon afterwards.
The oil would have to lie on the surface
of the water for some considerable time
to be effective against mosquito larvae.
Running water would carry away the
oil. It might be worth while trying the
effect of paraffin emulsion, which can be
used without injury on many kinds of
plants. The emulsion might not lie on
the surface of water so effectively as the
oil itself, but this might be made the
subject of experiment on a small scale to
note how it acts in a few days’ time.
The formula is one gallon of paraffin, four
ounces of soft soap, and half a gallon of
water. This mixture is churned with a
syringe till it becomes like a creamy paint.
It is then diluted with ten to fifteen
parts of water to one of the emulsion.
aecording to the strength required. Oil is
injurious to fishes, especially when they
come to the surface to obtain more air.

unications Received.—G. J. M.—B.—G. H. H.
—C. L—4A. M.—Constant Reader—A. P. G—M. L.—
a — 9. H.—E. H.—F. L—A. RB. C.—S. G.—

Mr. 8. W. Dance. for the past four years Foreman at
Cottesbrooke Hall, Northampton, as Gardener to Mrs.
R. A. Scott, Williamstrip, Fairford, Gloucester.
(Thanks for 28. 6d. for R.G.O.F. Box.—EDs.).

CATALOQUES RECEIVED.

WATKINS AND SIMPSON, LTD., 27, Drury Lane, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.—Seeds.

CHARLES TURNER, Royal Nurseries, Slough.—Dahlias.

D. PRIOR AND SoN, LTD., Colchester.—Rose novelties,
new Dahlias.

PERRY'S HARDY PLANT FARM, Enfield, Middlesex.—New
June-flowering Irises.

THOMAS FATTORINI (Birmingham), Ltp., Trafalgar Works,
Hockley Street, Birmingham.—Medals, Cups, and
Trophies.

424

MARKETS.

COVENT GARDEN, Tuesday, June 9th, 1925.

We cannot accept any responsibility for the subjoined
reports. They are furnished to us regularly every
Tuesday by the kindness of several of the principal
salesmen, who are responsible for the quotations.
It must be remembered that these quotations do
not represent the prices on any particular day,
but only the general average for the week preceding
the date of our report. The prices depend upon
the quality of the samples, the way in which they
are packed, the supply in the market, and the
demand, and they may fluctuate, not only from
aay to, day, but occasionally several times in the
ay.—BDS.

Plants in Pots, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.
(All 48's except where otherwise stated).

Adiantum 8. d. s. d. Hydrangea 8. d. s. d
cuneatum White, 48's per
— doz. S "ETE ^ doz. 18 0-30 0
GIA ans. Los a 4 ,
Aralia Sieboldil. 90-100 | qun 49s per 0-540
raucarias, pe er —
doz. ... 30 0-42 o | Bue ሠሉ per * 90 0-48 0
— plu- "12 0-18 0 | Marguerites, white,
—Sprengeri ` 12 0-18 0 48's per doz. . 15 0-18 0
Aspidistra, green 36 0-60 0 Mignonette, 48's
— per per doz. .› 19 0-18 0
ne . 12 0-18 0 Nephrolepis, in
—32'8 M ; 94 0-30 0 variety ... ... 12 0-18 0
—nidus * :12 0-15 0 --8959፪8 . 24 0-36 0
Cactl, per tray, Palms, Kentia ... 30 0-48 0
—12's, 15's SI ዑ 70 —60’s . 15 0-18 0
Crotons, perdoz. 80 0-45 0 Pteris, in variety 10 0-15 0
Cyrtomium .. 10 0-25 0 —large 60's .. 50-60
Erica, 48's per —small ... .. 4050
doz. ... .210-300 | —72'5 per tray
—magnifica, of 15's 26-30
48's per doz. ... 24 0-30 0 Rhodanthe, 48's
—coccinea, 48's per doz. .. 8 0-100
per doz . 21 0-24 0 Roses, Pol anne,
“2 ooa per don: 8 0-10 0 48's per doz. ... 18 0-24 0

Cut Flowers, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.

8. d. s. d. s. d. g. d.
Adiantum deco- Orchids, per doz.
rum, doz. bun. 18 0-24 0 ME ted — E ae 0
—cuneatum, per LVypripedlums ... 0
doz. bun. ... 12 0-15 0 | Paeonies, White
rdoz.bun. 69's 15 0-18 0
Asparagus plu- —Pink, per doz.
mosus, per bun. bun. 6 ... 12 0-18 0
is, trails, 08 20-30 —Red, ser doz.
sprays ... 16-26 bun. 12's ... 12 0-18 0
short ,, 09-13 | Pyrethrum
—Sprengeri, per bun. Double White,
E. sprays 16-20 r doz. bun. ... 50-70
10-16 | —Double Pink,
short ,, . 04-10 un. 60-90
Carnations, aingle , per
doz. blooms... 26-40 doz. bun. TUSEN
Cornfi —Single Pink,
d ower, per per doz. bun. 40-50
oz. bun .. 90-36 | Richardias(Arums)
Croton leaves, per doz. K 0-60
var. doz. leaves 0 9- 26 Roses, per doz,
Fern, French, per blooms, ን
doz. bun. 09-10 Liberty ee
Galax, American, = —
green and bronze, Madame Butter- 2040
per doz. bun. Ves — 1 0 M uo "Abei S
Gardenias, per Chatenay . 16-26
box, 12’s, 188... 40-60 | —Melody .. ... 20-30
Gladiolus, Blush —Molly Sharman
o 3rd n Crawford .. 26-40
ing b e per F 18 0-54 —Ophelia.. .., 26-30
oz. bun. 8 0 | —Sunburst . 20-30
—White, per doz. Smilax, per nor
bun . 18 0-24 0 trails 30-36
—Peach Blossom, Spanish Iri er
per doz. bun. ... 18 0-21 0 aoe bun. * pe
Gypsophila, white ue ... 13 0-18 0
065. bún. „e 90-212 0 — LE He 0-18 0
-= wa xcd 8
Iceland Poppies... 5 0- 3 0 | . yellow .. 18 0.3 Ü
Lapagerias, per
las blooms 36-40 Statice, mauve ... 5 0-60
| Stephanotis, per
Lilium longifiorum 72 pips ... 30-36
long, per doz... 30-40 | Stock, English |
Lillum speciosum white 9 0-18 0
rubrum, long, Sweet Peas, per
per doz. blooms 4 0- 5 0 doz. bun. 8 0-15 0
—short ,, ,, 30-50 Violas, per doz. bun. 1 0- 1 0
Mes French Flowers—
per doz. bun....150 4 0 | anemone, St.
Nigella, Blue, per gid ... . 26-50
doz. bun. .. 90-120 Marigolds, per doz. 4 0- 5 0

REMARKS.—The sunny weather has increased supplies
considerably, and prices have been gradually lowering
since Friday and Saturday last. The quantities or
Carnations are again sufficient for present requirement,

Roses are also more plentiful, but many blooms are
arriving in a very advanced condition, There is an
abundant supply of blue Spanish Irises, but there is

still a shortage of yellow and white sorts. Of Gladioli

THE GARDENERS’

the large-flowered varicties are the mot plentiful, and
severa] varietles of these flowers are now on offer. The
Bride and Blushing Bride are mostly from the Channel
Islands, but these suffer in transit owing to the hot
wenther. Double white Pyrethrum, white Stocks, and
Her Majesty Pinks, are now taking the place of double
white Nareissus, which is practically finished, except
for a few boxes from Scotland. Delphiniums are the
newest addition in this department, and spikes are
arriving in limited quantities. The consignments from
France now consist of Gypsophila, sweet-scented Paconies,
and mauve Statice. Good supplies of Gypsophila are
also arriving in excellent condition from home growers.

Fruit : Average Wholesale Prices.
Apples— g. d. 8. d. 8. d. s. d.
—London Pippin 17 0-18 0 | Lemons, ን.
as Zealand— è per box.. . 10 0-16 0
—Jonnthan ... 18 0-20 0 =
— Delicious . 17 0-20 0 Murcia ... add
Tasmanian c Melons (Forced) 3 0- 6 0

Pippin b Oranges, Jaffa ... 16 0-18 0
—Jonathan 16 0-18 8 6 —Spanish—
en Pippin 5 eee : —900'8 ... 20 0-40 0
= e —360's 20 0-40 0
SO tiers — 0-17 0 L RM" = 20 0-30
Bananas .., . 10 0-27 6 DOR Um x
Cherries. French, Peaches, English ,
per box.. el — 6 per doz. .. 10 0-24 0
per crate | 0 0 ears
Figs (Forced) doz. 3 0-12 0 E African— rou
Goose berries, —Keiffer .. ... 30-36
per Ib. 0 3-0 44 | —Josephine de
Grapes— Malines... ... 50-50
— Belgian ... . 26-30) winter Nelis ... 30-56
— English— a —Doyenne du
—Hambro, per 15. 26-46 Comice 60-80
—Muscat , . 6 010 0 i —
—Canon Hall .. 6 0-12 0 | Pines .. 36-46
Grape Enn Strawberries, per
Cuban ... . 35 0-0 0 lb —
—Jamaica... .95 0-400 ' —Best .., .. 60100
—Florida, finest... 35 0-45 6 — —Seconds... .. 5 0-40

Vegetables: Average Wholesale prices.

" 8.4.8. d. osi vi —
sparagus— nions, en
—Eversham 30-50 r case . 14 0-16 0
— Special ... 6 0-18 0 ይተ pran, per
—Devon ... 8 0-10 0 .. 110120
— English; per cwt. 12 6-14 0
Beans sue —Spring per doz. 5 6- 58 0
per lb. 16-20 | Parsnips, per cwt. 8 0- 4 0

—Worthing ..10-20 PEDES p per
)ushe 14 0-20 0
Beets, per cwt.... 50-80 — French, per
Cabbage, pertally 7 0-10 0 cane .. 20-60
— Guernsey forced
Canary Island per Ib. .. 10-16
Tomatos > ...200-300 | Potatos, Canary
፤ 2
Cauliflowers, per P Pone per ton— 19:9-12:9
Oz... .› 3060) “Dunbar... 940 0-260 0
Carrots, new, per —King Edward 200 0-240 0
z. bun. .. 00-80 | —Others .. 90 0-100 0
Cucuabers, per —New Guernsey,
.. 50-00 per ewt. 14 0-16 0
—Flaia, 38 ys, 49's 16 0-20 0 | —Jersey, per cwt. 14 0-16 0
Dutch Onions ... 11 0-15 0 —Seilly. Der cwt. 14 0-16 0
—Spanis new, -
— best, per " F per cwt. > -W90
ag et Radishes—
Horseradish, Der —Round ... . 1020
bundle ... 20-26 Rhubarb, perdoz. 70-90
Leeks, per doz. Spinach, per bushel 8 0- 4 0
undle ... 20-26 Tomatos, English,
Lettuce per doz — — per Ib.—
—Cos . ..2030| —Pink ... . 10 6-11 0
—Dutch, per —Pink & White... 10 6-11 0
crate... 8 0-10 0 e . 90-96
Mushrooms, — 20-26 ple S : - 8 a n $
—broilers .. 10-16
Turnips, new, per
Marrows, doz... 10 0-15 0: doz. bun. .. 80-100

REMARKS.—Nearly all sections of the market report
active conditions. The flue weather is entirely favour-
able to this business which almost depends on sunshine.
Apples from Australia, New Zealand, and Tasmania
are à firm trade. South African fruits are also in
good demand. Apricots from Spain are selling freely,
but some parcels are arriving out of condition. English

hothouse fruits, such as Melons, Grapes, Figs, Peaches,
nnd Stawberries are moving out satis factorilv. Goose-

berries are a fairly steady trade but are inclined to be
cheaper. Choice vegetables, such as forced Be: alis, Marrows,
and Peas are a brisk business, although the last will
be affected bv the increasing quantities of outdoor Peas
that are now arriving. Asparagus is selling well, but
a bundle here and there comes to hand overheated and
in poor condition, Tomatos are an improved. business
in spite of larger quantities: and C ucumbers, as might
be expected) during prolonged hot weather, are selling
briskly. Mushrooms are. plentiful and co rutine
cheap. Salads are wanted, Green vegetables are
advancing in price. New Potatos have become che aper,
owing to largely inereased shipments from Jersey,

GLASGOW.
BUSINESS dn the fruit market was restricted in
the past week in consequence of the acute scarcity

of Apples and Oranges. Quite a number of salesmen

had none to offer, and the few who were in the
fortunate position of having a small quantit v on
hand obtained 20- to 31:- per case for Delicious,

CHRONICLE.

4ርአር: 13. 1925.

Jonathan, and Cleopatra. Oranges sold at 30;- for
300's and 28/- for 360’s and 5043. Grape Fruit
was cheaper at 23/- to 5፻/-. Scotch Strawberric
made 6/- to 7/- per Ib, and English 4-. Cherrie
23 to 2,9, Black Hamburgh Graprs realised 3'6 to 45.
Gooseberries 4jd. to 5d., and Peaches 16,- to :4-
per dozen.

There was a good demand for new vegetable,
but as supplies were short prices rose, especially
for Lettuces, which averaged from 2,6 to 3/6 per
dozen for Scotch, and 2.6 to 3- for English ani
Dutch. Dutch Carrots realised 5- per dozen bunche
on Tuesday, but jumped to 7/6 and 8- on Friday.
French Carrots averaged 1/2, and Turnips 1/2 to 14
Cucumbers 4,- to &-, As aragus 5'- to 6/6 per bunch,
Teneriffe Potatos realise 15/ per case, Dutch 11-
per bag, Syboes 5/- per duh bunches, Radishes
16 to 3/-, and Garlic 1/- per lb.

The warmer weather ís bringing on the outdoor
crops rapidly, but as the demand equalled thr
DL. supplies, prices in the cut flower market
kept very steady. Gladioli were cheaper at the
following quotations:—The Bride 1/6 for 12's, Maiden’
Blush 19 to 2/3, Hermione 1/6 to 19, Brimstone
2-, and No. 1 2's 10 26. Special Sweet Peas
grown at Helmsburgh made 2/6 for 18's, ordinary
Scotch-grown 13 to 1/6 for 12's, and English 104.

to 1-. Clara Butt and Farncombe Sanders wer
the only varieties of Tulips in the market, and
they made 1/- to 12 for 6's; Double White Narcisi
ranged from 6- to 9-, and Pheasant Eye 4- to
6-. Pyrethrums were a good selling line, Queen
Mary, special, returning 6'- double pink 1,6 to
20; red, special, 4-; and medium 1- 10 2.6
Carnations were firm in value: Mrs. Hemus and

Aviator fetched 3/6 to 4.6
5'-. Peerless 3/6 to 4.
Mikado 3/-, and Topsy 3- to 3/6.
Chatenay ‘and Madame Butterfly Roses were
at 4/6 to 0/-, and Richmond and Mrs. H. Stevens
averaged from 26 to 4'-. Iris, all colours, sold for
4d. to 16 for 6's, and outside-grown Lily-of-the-
Valley brought 2;- per dozen bunches.

There were large consignments of pot plants daily.
Hydrangeas, large, averaged 3- to 4'- per pot; small.
1/6 to 2,6, Ivy-leaf Pelargoniums 2;-, Geraniums 0 -
to 8- per dozen; small 3'-,- Marguerites 1/- to 132.
Spiraeas 1/3 to 19, Scented Geraniums lj. and
Aspidistras 1/- to 1/6.

Lady Northcliffe 4/6 to
Enchantress 3- 10 46.
Madame Abel
dearer

Supplies of bedding plants continue to increase,
and were not so difficult to dispose of at the
low prices ruling all the week. Stocks and Aster:
ranged from 1/ to 1/6 per box, Antirrhinums 14
to 2-, Lobelia 18 to 2.-, Violas 9d. to 10.
Nemesia and Marigolds 1/-, Gladioli 1/6 to 4፡-, Begonias
6-, and Marguerites 3'- per dozen. Coltness Gem
Dahlias sold freely at 4/- to 5 per dozen pots.

-——— — — —

THE WEATHER IN MAY.

ALTHOUGH not nearly so wet as May of last year, tlie
rainfall was fully 14 inch above normal. "There where in
all 16 rain days and 8 days of precipitation, leaving only
7 absolutely raiuless days. The total amount collected
equalled 3.66 inches, and of this the 24th yielded .63 of
an inch (the wettest day). Sunshine was under the
average for the district, although considerably better than
May of last year. In all. 136.7 hours were recorded, being
à daily average of 4.4 hours, and a percentage of about
27. The brightest day was the 31st, which contributed
13.9 hours. Four days during the month gave blank cards,
viz. 4th, 23rd, 24th, and 25th. The mean maximum
temperature was 55.7 degrees, slightly above normal, and
the mean minimum 43.0 degrees, also higher. The highest
maximum of 64 degrees occurred on the 21st, and the
lowest. minimum of 35 degrees on the 2nd, an absolute
range of 29 degrees. The mean temperature for the mouth
was 50 degrees. On the grass the thermometer registered
32 degrees on the 2nd, but there was no ground frost. ላ!
1 foot deep the soil temperature rose from 45 degrees at
the beginning to 54 degrees on the 21st. After the 23rd
it fell 1 degree, being 53 aegrees at the end of the month.
The highest barometric reading was on the 14th, viz.
1,024.06 millibars (30.257 inches), and the lowest point

reached was 981.2 mbs. (28.973 inches) on the 28th, the
ር pressure for the month being equal to 1,006.2 mbs.,
i.e.. 29.714 inches. Thunder, accompanied by lightning.
was noted on the 16th, followed soon after by a dense
fog. The last days of the month were characterised by
boisterous south-westerly winds, accompanied by rait.
ን haa Station, Training College Gardens, Mayfield,
Dundee

— $ ዴዴ — —

SCHEDULES RECEIVED.

_ELSTREE AND DISTRICT HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY.—
Exhibition to be held in Aldenham Park, Elstree, on
July 15,—Secretary, Mr. W. J. Pritchard, Elstree.

STREATHAM ROSE AND SWEET PEA SocIETY.— Fifteenth
exhibition to be held in Streatham Hall. on Tuesday.
July 7.—Secretarvy, Mr. W. B. Strqgu, 6, Nillieser
Avenue, S.W. 2, *

CROYDON CHRYSANTHEMUM SOCIETY.—Thirty-third ex:
hibition to he held on Wednesday and Thursday,
October 28 and 20.—Secretary, Mr. T. Aley, The Firs,
Highbarrow Road, Addiscombe,

NATIONAL CHRYSANTHEMUM SocriETY.—Exhibition to be
held at the Royal Horticultural Hall, Westminster, on
November 5 and 0, 1025.— secretary, Mr. C. H. Curtis, ^».
Tavistock Street, Cov ent Garden, W.C, 2,

- 309815, 1935.

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SITUATIONS VACANT

MUNICIPAL AND PUBLIC.

BOROUGH OF HARROGATE.
PARKS AND GARDENS SUPERINTENDENT.

pee Harrogate Corporation invite applications
for the above appointment at à salary of £350 per
annum. l

Candidates should be trained and skilled gardeners
with a practical experience of Public Gardens, Land-
scape Gardening, Greenhouses, etc., and be accustomed
to the supervision of workmen.

A list of duties can be had on application.
Applications in own handwriting stating age, full
experience, and present occupation, accompanied by
copies of not more than three recent testimonials to be
delivered to the undersigned not later than the 29th
June, 1925. -

Canvassing directly or indirectly will disqualify.

C. E. RIVERS, A.M.Inst, C.E.,

Borough Engineer.

Municipal Offices,
Harrogate.
7th June, 1925.

MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES.

ላ.። ር TNT are invited for three

Assistant-Inspectorships in connection with Agri-
cultura], Dairying and Horticultural Education and
Research. Salary £150 per annum, rising to a maximum
of £250 per annum, plus Civil Service bonus, together
with travelling and subsistence allowances. The present
bonus on £150 is £04 14s. making present salary £244 14s.
per annum.

Candidates must be between the ages of 22 and 32,
except that they may deduct from their actual age any
time during which they served in His Majesty's Forces
during the War.
men.

For two of the poste candidates must possess practical
experience in Agriculture, and should have taken a
course in Selence or Agriculture at a University, or at
an Agricultural College, and have specialised in Dairying.

For the other post candidates, in addition to holding
similar scientific qualifications, should have specialised in
Horticulture.

Forms of application and copies of the Regulations
affecting these appointments can be obtained from
the Secretary, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries,
10, Whitehall Place, S.W.1. Application forms must be
returned not later than 29th June, 1925.

COUNTY COUNCIL OF DURHAM.
EDUCATION DEPARTMENT.

ree IMMEDIATELY.—A WORK.
ING FOREMAN for the County Horticultural
Experimental Station. A thorough knowledge of fruit,
vegetables, and flower cultivation outside and under

essential. Applicants must be able to control
men. Experience in commercial horticulture will be
considered an asset. Wages £4 per week. For
forms of application apply, enclosing stamped addressed
foolscap envelope to

THE DIRECTOR OF EDUCATION,
Shire Hall,

Durham.

URSERY CHARGE-HAND required, with
thorough knowledge of the growing and pro-
pagation of Shrubs, Trees, etc., for Parks, Streets
and Boulevards. Will have three men under and

will be responsible for the upkeep of Trees, etc.,
on highways. Only men of first-class experience
will be considered.
State age and wages required to—
THE CHIEF OFFICER,
Parka aud Cemeteries Department,
Canal Gardens,
Roundhay Park,
Leeds.

PRIVATE.

EAD WORKING GARDENER of three

. Tequired, age about 35; good experience and
references esssential; cottage.—Apply, with full parti-
culars, MRS. PITMAN, Cranwells, Bath.

11:5 WORKING GARDENER required
at once, three under; thorough knowledge both
Indoor and Outdoor work, vines.—Please apply stating
full particulars, Mrs. GLASIER, Little Parndon House,
Harlow. Essex,

Preference will be given to ex-service -

GARDENERS’

quon practical FRUIT GROWER
wanted to take charge of large Orchard in
Cambridgeshire; must be a good organiser and thoroughly
experienced in all tree culture; cottage found.—State
fullest particulars of experience, in confidence, and wages
required, to C. 5... Box 20, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent

ጓነ — — experienced SINGLE-HANDE

GARDENER, for Hay, Herefordshire, August
lst: manage 3 cows: 36/- weekly, cottage, coals,
milk, veg.; also MAN for general garden work ;

use scythe; cottage.—Apply, both cases, ROBINSON,
The Gardens, Golden Grove, Carmarthen, S. Wales.

AMORE SINGLE - HANDED GAR-
DENER, help given, for Derbyshire, Peach
case, Vinery, small stove and conservatory; age 35
years or under, 50/- per week and cottage, if
single, rooms provided, must be well recommended.
—Ful particulars to R. GREENFIELD, 61, Radford
Road, Leamington Spa.

EXPERIENCED SINGLE-HANDED GAR.

DENER ; Surrey: good six-roomed cottage; write
stating wages.—SIR HENRY THEOBALD, 4, Hyde
Park Square, London, W.

ECOND GARDENER wanted, four others
kept; good all-round experience necessary; wife
attend rooms for visiting chauffeur's week-ends; rooms
provided, coal and light, no accommodation for children.—
Apply, with full particulars, wages. etc., to BAIRD, The
Lodge, Huntercombe Place, near Henley-on-Thames.

Nee YOUNG MAN as SECOND
GARDENER where three are kept, must
have had previous experience. —GARDENER, Oak-
lands, Argyle Road, West Ealing, W.13.

ARDENER. SECOND, wanted,
work extra time summer, Wife hel
cottage, no family.— LLOYD, re

willing
in house;
small Towers,

Pinner.
ANTED, SECOND GARDENER, single

man.—Write full particulars, experience, age,
wages required. —J. BIDWELL, The Grange, Epping.

NDER GARDENER wanted, second of

six, pleasure gardens, herbaceous, Roses, Alpines,

good cottage and garden.—Apply stating wages asked,
SAVAGE, Chartridge Lodge Gardens, Chesham.

( por AE wanted, thoroughly expe-

rienced in herbaceous, Roses (budding) and fruit,
single man preferred, state wages and particulars to
K. CATTO, Old Rectory, Leicestershire.

ANTED, an experienced WORKING

GARDENER ; another kept; £2 per week, coal,

aud Nant APP to WRIGHT, The Grange, Butterley,
rby.

ANTED, experienced GARDENER for
two or three days per week, 10/- day, good
references.— Apply 23, Shoot-up Hill, N.W.2.

ANTED, FOREMAN to take charge of

. fruit and plant houses; good at Carnations,
"Mums, etc., house decorating; wages 40/- per week,
bothy, and attendance.—Apply PITTS, Pett Place
Gardens, Charing.

OREMAN, unmarried, thoroughly experi-

enced, prepared to take personal interest and work

hard to get garden and glass Into order, three others kept ;

live in; preference given to a man who understands

marketing surplus and growing for same.—Apply JAMES
PEECH, Esq. Beaulleu, Hampshire.

WX IED., & first-class outside FORE-

MAN, married. wife to attend gate; must be
very capable and tactful to control over twenty men.
Commencing wages 45/- weekly and 2;- duty, with good
house, fuel allowance, lights, and yegetables. Previous

foremen apply, stating age and experience, to H.
LLOYD, Tewin Water, Welwyn, Herts.
AN gardener recommend keen, energetic

man, take lead outside, especially rock gardens,
45;- weekly, no bothy, 5 kept, duty every third week,

5,..—CLINTON, Bearnett Gardens, Penn., Wolver-
hampton.

ANTED immediately, SINGLE MAN

to take charge Inside work; fruit, stove

and greenhouse plants, "Mums; experienced men

only need apply; state wages; no bothy.—R. A.,

Box 13, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

ANTED. experienced YOUNG MAN,

for Inside and Out, chiefly Inside. State wages

height,

required, without bothy, and full particulars, age
LE, Grayshott Hall Gardens,

etc —A. MOTHERSE
Hindhead, Surrey.

ANTED, an experienced MAN for Plant

and Fruit Houses, accommodation for single
man now available, a cottage for a married man
ready in three months; good ve and prospects
for the right man.—Apply in first instance to JOHN
PEED ይ SON, Seedsmen and Nurserymen, West
Norwood, London.

CHRONICLE.

JUNE 13, 1925.

ANTED, SINGLE - HANDED GAR

DENER -CHAUFFEUR (with son if posit

under him); cottage.—Give full particulars to CANON
HINDLEY, Rectory, Lutterworth, Rugby.

ANTED, GARDENER- KENNELMA),
for ]-acre garden and terrier kennels. Full:

experienced men apply,—Fullest particulars to KJ.&
Box 21, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.
Wee strong. outside sarden
MAN, married: 33- weekly, two-roomed both:
7/-—GOSLING, Heddon Court, Ei-

W .፡ YOUNG MAN for glasshouse,
—Apply, stating wages, with bothy, ani
testimonials, to A. DOW, Park.

copies of Calcot.

ANTED, YOUNG MAN,

single, for

Kitchen Garden and hardy fruit trees; mus
thoroughly understand the work; Sunday duty; wWarc--
35, with bothy.—Apply THE AGENT, Thornhauch

Estate, Wansford, Peterborough.
W ANTED, experienced MAN, for Kitchen

Garden and Pleasure Grounds, age not under 2.
Wages £1 per week, with bothy and board.—Apply.
with particulars, to F. SPARKS, Pinewood Lode.
Farnborough, Hants.

IRST JOURNEYMAN required, to take

charge of glass, thoroughly experienced in fruit

and plants; must be well recommended. Full particular:

with wages, bothy, etc.; duty every fifth week, 5-—

Nae HAAS Kirklington Hall Gardens, Southwell.
NOTUS.

ANTED, experienced JOURNEYMAN

for the fruit and plant houses.—Apply with

copies of refs. to GEO. GRASS, Grantley Hall
Gardens, Ripon, Yorks.

ANTED, JOURNEYMAN for genera
garden work, 85'- per week, bothy, vegetabis,

duty inclusive ; age about 25 or over.—Copy of refs. anc |

articulars to FULLER, Craigweil Gardens,
or.

OURNEYMAN, capable, for fruit and
plant houses, wages 35/- duty 6/- extra, furnished
rooms and attendance, full particulars, age, experienc,
references.—-HEAD GARDENER, Croxteth Hall, West
Derby, Liverpool.

WANTED, YOUNG MAN, age about 20.
chiefly Outside; no bothy.—Apply, with full
particulars, to GARDENER, 42, Corfton Road, Ealing.

1 ANTED, good IMPROVER, able to

take duty, chiefly Inside; wages 30/- weekly:

dnty once a month, 6/- extra.—Full particulars to E. ከ.
CATERER, Dunorlan Gardens, Tunbridge Wells.

TRADE.

IRST-CLASS ROCK GARDEN CON
STRUCTOR for permanent position with pr»
gressive firm; a man who has constructed or has reason
to believe himself capable of constructing successful
exhibits in competition will have special consideration.—
Age, full experience and terms to C. B. W., Box ቁ”
5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

i COST pe EEN i ea TUE

ROPAGATOR, with a first-class knowledse

of alpines and thoroughly experienced in potting

and plunging; age 23 to 26.—Apply, with full particulars

of experience, age, and wages required, to BAKERS,
Codsall, near Wolverhampton.

RAMEYARD FOREMAN PROPAGATOR

wanted in hardy plant nursery. Apply by letter,

stating, age, experience, and wages require —FRAME.
Box 5, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2

ANTED, ASSISTANT PROPAGATOR

for hardy trees, shrubs, ete., must have had

some experience with grafting, cutting making, ete.—
WM. CUTBUSH & SON, LTD., Barnet, Herts.

EQUIRED AT ONCE, really competent

LANDSCAPE FOREMEN, state experience an

references.—LANDSCAPE, Box 15, 5, Tavistock Street.
Covent Garden, W.C.2.

.፡... ፡. ረ E et E DRE
W ANTED. a NURSERY FOREMAN, well

versed in hardy ornamental trees and shrubs.
roses, etc, and used to management of men: J
wages and permanency to right man.—Particulas ©
application to D. STEWART & SON, LTD, Fem
down Nurseries, near Wimborne, Dorset.

W ^NTED. WORKING ROSE AND
FRUIT FOREMAN, used to growing quantities,
or smart, energetic YOUNG MAN, d budder an0
grafter, capable of taking charge under supervision.
Apply, giving age, wages expected, and testimor: A
stating where experience was gained.—S. McGRED! :
SON, Royal Nurseries, Portadown

Aldwick. |.

JUNE 13, 1925.

(IFO YER wanted, Cues., Tomatoes, Chrys.,
and general for market: cottage avallable.—
VICKERS, Inveresk Market Gardens, Tilston Malpas,
Cheshire.

Wo FERN GROWER, must be
capable man and able to raise own stock.—

S. FAY & SONS, Nurserymen, Elm Grove, Southsea.

— — —

ANTED, competent KNIFESMAN with

general knowledge of fruit trees, Roses, shrubs,

forest trees, etc.—Apply, with copies testimonials and

wages wanted with free house and firing, to MANAGER,
Lissadell, Sligo.

ANTED for budding season (June, July

and August). two experienced ROSE BUDDERS,

temporary position only offered, but every ibility

for a permanency to the right men—Apply to B.
MURRELL, Rose Acre, Shepperton-on-Thames.

ERBACEOUS and ALPINES. — Smart
MAN (unmarried), with good knowledge of

ropagation, lifting, despatching, etc., wanted by Scotch
rm; wages 60/-.—Apply, refs, etc, S. T.
Box 34, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2.

ANTED. competent LEDGER CLERK

and BOOK-KEEPER: a man with good know-

ledge of the horticultural trade: shorthand and type-

writing an advantage.—Apply, stating age, wages required,

and experience, to H. P. Messrs. Wood & Ingram,
Huntingdon.

ANTED, REPRESENTATIVE, experi-

enced in requirements of fruit growers, farmers,

and estates, by large firm of Seedsmen and Nursery men.—

Apply, B. Box 6, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

EED TRADE.—TRAVELLER required to
\J attend Fareham, Guildford, Petersfield, Chichester,
Newbury, Andover, and Reading markets; must be
thoroughly experienced.—Send full particulars, experi-
ence, and salary required, to TOOGOOD & SONS,
LTD. The King’s seedsmen, Southampton.

ANTED. experienced FLORIST. know-
knowledge of seeds, plants, ete. an advantage.—
SMAIL, 23, Lime Street, London, E.C.

LORIST wanted, lady preferred. as

FIRST HAND). knowledge of seeds and bulbs an

advantage.—S. BIDE & SONS, LTD., 07, Victoria Road,
Aldershot, Hants.

SITUATIONS WANTED

PRIVATE.

STATE BAILIFF or HEAD GARDENER,
13 years above joint position on nobleman's
estate, highest references as to character and ability;
disengaged.—H. E. STOWE, Grosvenor Road, Hands-
worth, Birmingham.
ARDENER, HEAD. two or more, thor-
oughly efficient Inside and Out; conseientious ;
alpines, propagation; married. — HEDGECOCK, High
Street, Fareham.

ROF. WM. FRECHEVILLE. Ewhurst,
Guildford, having sold his place, wishes to
highly recommend ከ! HEAD 3ARDENER, H.

COOKE; experienced in all branches: at

present
working with two

under him, but would take good

single-handed place: experienced with electric light
plant: cottage desire]; previous reference excellent ;
age 34; please state wages.

N ROBINSON. Keverstone Gardens, Bath,

e seeks re-engagement as HEAD GARDENER
where six or more kept; age 35, married, one child:
excellent. references from noblemen's establishments ;
leaving through death.

-——- — — — — — — ·—

ARDENER. HEAD, seeks

re-engagement ;

life experience in noblemen's gardens Inside
and Out; 6 years Lead: accustomed to marketing
surplus produce; married, age 238, excellent refer-

ences,——ROBINSON, Bourton House Gardens, Shriven-
ham, Berks.

ARDENER, HEAD two or

good SINGLE-HANDED, life
engaged.—WM. F. SMITH, Mells
Somerset.

three, or
experience; dis-
Green, Frome,

ARDENER, HEAD of two or SINGLE-
HANDED with help: life experience Irside and

Out : good references; age 38, married; one boy age 14.—
F. WHITWORTH. Scofton. Worksop.

THE

married.—COLVILLE,
Antrim.

ONINWOOD, Priory

GARDENERS’

YTURSERYMAN’S SON, age 40, married,
pu seeks situation by the middle of July as HEAD
GARDENER or SINGLE-HANDED, life experience, not
afraid of work ; wife willing to help in house if negated
—Apply C. T., Box 14, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

Y ARDENER, HEAD or SINGLE-HANDED,
: life experience Inside and Out, age 38, widower,
bee expert.—MORLING, Wellesbourne Road, Barford,
Warwick.
R. G. ALLOM can with confidence
recommend his GARDENER, G. SHEPHERD,
as HEAD of two, or good SINGLE-HANDED: age 37:
married, no family: leaving through place being sold.—
Appiy G. SHEPHERD, The Lodge, Dowding, Tadworth,
Surrey.

EAD WORKING GARDENER, or
GARDENER-BAILIFF ; thoro practical ex-
perience, highly recommended, midd age, Scotch,
Drumnasole, Carnlough, co.

YARDENER, HEAD WORKING, expe-
rienced Inside and Out, married, no family, wife
willing to help in house occasionally, or look after
poultry : highly recommended.—CARTER, 19, West Hill,
;psom. Surrey.

NARDENER. HEAD WORKING, where

one or more are kept, life experience Inside

and Out in fruit, flowers, and vegetables, married;

4. years present, 8 years poyin cottage essential.

— WOODBRIDGE, 111, New Road, Croxley Green,
erts.

ARDENER. HEAD WORKING, 32
years all-round experience Inside and Out: 7 years
Head Working in last place: married. age 54, family

grown up: state wages.—G. SMITH, Oaklands Cottage,
Southcote Lane, Reading.

HELD WORKING GARDENER seeks
situation, life experience in all branches, wife
good cook and willing to help if required.—J.
Harrow Weald, Middlesex.

EAD GARDENER, WORKING, life ex-
perience all branches alpines, rock garden,

Farm,

also understands electric light plant, all a aas
excellent references, age 30, married.—TAYLOR, 4,
Onslow Houses, South Kensington, London.

R. R. GREENFIELD, F.R.H.S, 63.

Radford Road, Leamington Spa, can with
confidence recommend a HEAD WORKING GAR-
DENER of five or six, thoroughly competent in
Al branches, Hfe experience; age 36, married, one
child.—Apply as above. ነ

HE Duke and Duchess of Northumberland’s
Head Gardener, at Albury Park, Guildford, wishes
highly to recommend W. WALLIS as HEAD WORKING
GARDENER where six or seven are kept; he is a
thoroughly reliable man with a good pc grip of his
rofession and a good manager of labour;
nside Foreman at Albury; married when suited; can
give interview at any time ; fullest enquiries solicited.

ENTLEMAN highly recommends his
HEAD WORKING GARDENER, present sit.

3 yrs. 7 months; life experience all branches; good
organiser: age 34 years; two children; cottage required;
free when suited.—Apply J. P., Horton Cott., Horton,
Slough, Bucks.

HP WORKING GARDENER, life ex-
perience in good establishments, accustomed to
high-class produce in all departments, highly recom-
mended, age 30, married.—G. DAWES, 25, Palehouse
Common, Frarnfield, Sussex.

YARDENER, HEAD WORKING, MR.
(3 FOSTER, Grimsthrope Castle Gardens, wishes to
recommend J. WALPOLE as a thoroughly reliable
man, 5 years Inside Foreman here, life experience, age 32.
Grimsthorpe Castle, Bourne, Lincs.

(.... DER HEAD -
SINGLE-HANDED: age 30, life experience
Inside and Out; excellent references: married when
suited.—N. H. W., Box 19, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

T SIMPSON, ESQ., Quinces, Bramshott,
e wil be pleased to recommend R. ROBINS
as good SINGLE-HANDED GARDENER to anyone
requiring same, thorough knowledge of growing fruit,
flowers and vegetables, sixteen months present place,
leaving through no cottage being available;
married, one child, suburbs preferred ;
useful, good refs.—Apply. K. ROBINS, Tile Cottage,
The Golf Links, Liphook, Hants.

R. H. WHEELER, Wenvoe Castle

Gardens, Cardiff, highly recommends ነኛ.
BAREHAM as SINGLE-HANDED GARDENER or
otherwise; life experienced; age 28, married.—Apply
Aer acc c'o Barrett, Horsington, Templecombe,
Somerset.

ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED seeks

change: married, one child, school; experienced ;
3 years present —W. M. S., Box 17, 5, Tavistock
Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2,

WORKING or

CHRONICLE. — D xi.

ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED or

UNDER, married, seeks situation, well recom-

mended, kitchen garden, pleasure grounds.— STEVENS,
Mayfleld, Bunbury, Tarporley, Cheshire.

ARDENER, SECOND, life experience,

Inside and Out, age forty, married, one boy. age

three years; well recommended.—F. . CORMELL,
Lower Gardens, Mount Plymouth.

NDER - GARDENER seeks situation,

Pleasure Ground or Kitchen Garden, 4 years
present.; experienced with Dennis Motor Mower ; married,
age 22, one child.—DENNISON, The Cottage, Gold-
smiths, Langdon Hills, Essex.

OREMAN. Inside, or good SECOND,
age 31; life experience gained in first-class estab-
lishments, including Moor Park, Ottershaw Park, and
Buryhil; working last two years as above; excellent
references; married.— BULLIMORE. Brockwood Park
Gardens, Alresford, Hants.

Edgcumbe,

c

LEASURE GROUNDSMAN, motor mower,
Kitchen Garden, or general Inside and Out; ex.
perienced all branches; married, age 25; disengaged.—
W. LAMPARD, 40, Richville Road, Shirley, Southampton,

HARE seeks situation as KITCHEN
e GARDENER and Lawns, help inside,
gardeners do not keep constantly changing ;
good reference last place, 6 previous, industrious,
honest, sober; Surrey or Middlesex preferred; single,
age 28, bothy or otherwise. Please state wages.—
, Paddington St., Marylebone, London, W.1.

p

>

R. DAVIES, Turville Court, can recom-
mend H. WOODROW to any gardener requin
the services of a strong, YOUNG MAN, Inside an
age 25.— Apply H. WOODROW, Turville
enley-on-Thames.

ኑ

ANTED, situation as JOURNEYMAN
or UNDER GARDENER; age 21; 7 years’ all-
round experience; Atco motor mower ; Gloucestershire or

district preferred —F. SULLIVAN, Penyfai Lodge,
Llanelly, Carmarthenshire. ; l
OURNEYMAN, Inside, seeks situation,
excellent refs,—Apply to G. EVANS, Standford
Hall Gardens, Loughborough.

OURNEYMAN seeks situation in Pleasure
Grounds and Kitchen Garden, used to motor mower,

able to do duty ; well recommended ; bothy preferred ; state

wages.—C. ROBINSON, Shirburn, Watlington, Oxon.

OURNEYMAN seeks situation, Inside or
Inside and Out: seven years experience; can be

ብጣ

well recommended; age 22.—Apply F. MARTIN, The
Bothy, Elmwood, Broadstairs, Kent.
OURNEYMAN, age 24, seeks situation

Inside and Out, well recommended. Please state
wages, with bothy.—W. RUSSELL, Admington, near
Shipston-on-Stour.

OURNEYMAN seeks situation, Inside and

Out; 7 years’ experience ; bothy preferred ; age 22:
snte wages.—H. STILLAWAY, Normanswood, Farnham,
Surrey.

ARDENER-HANDYMAN,
perience, age 37, married, no family, drive
motor; pigs, ultry, or stable; wife help house if
ke ber USINS, Gardener, Hatherton Hall, Cannock,
ord.

OUNG MAN 24, desires work as a

LABOURER in garden, or any other capacity,
live in or out, willing to learn, R.C. and cultured.
Also Brother, age 17, desires work: both slight
knowledge of garden and pleasure ground work,
temporary or permanent, anywhere.—HAROLD BAKER,
The Bull Bulstrode Park, Gerrards Cross, Bucks.

all-round ex-

TRADE.

TURSERY MANAGER. with

practical knowledge of producing in quantity
Roses, fruits, conifers, herbaceous and soft-wooded
plants; a good correspondent and ብ ስክ organizer of
labour with all-round ability.—Apply H. CANSON,
Brambledown, New Road, Barnet, Herts.

OREMAN and GROWER, London, Pro-
vinclal experience with all market and shop produce,

pot, soft-wooded, decorative plants, cut bloom, fruit
propagation, routine general branches; good references.

extensive

—Ivy Cottage, Leighs, Chelmsford.
OREMAN GROWER, 36, married, 1
child, life experience first-class nurseries, Toms.,

Cues., Chrysanths., bedding, etc., north or midlands
referred, state wages, with cottage.—HAMMOND
ilston, Malpas, Cheshire.

OUNG Man, experienced landscape, rock

work, walls, lawns, etc., as FOREMAN, or other-
wise: single; 35: anywhere—P. H. A., Box 18,
5, Tavistock Street. Covent Garden, W.C. 2,

xii ume em THES _ GARDE: NER 6" DR = ae — — —

Horticultural Bulders ad : ti ds ae 2
LONDON OFFICE: 122, VICTORIA. — ———— E W. —

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544 ute qu ier ጸክዮሁሄነ visées inti ate?

_PATTISSON & 609. | STREATHAM COMMON. STATION, S.W. 16.

wks ——— Me

m — — ‘00K! "TANNED GARDEN NETS |

THE. GARDENERS’ ‘CHRONICLE | AM orders despatched same diy —
Horticultural: Directory. || — pray : NES Ty

"Tbe" Horticidtural- Ditectoch. ik. not. being . || Aloo Tennis Boundary Nw. . | ካኳ.
reprinted. ‘this year, but 8 limited number. | | MOORE &. Co... Net. Works, RYE at
cet copies: d$ the issue. der 3924, ate anik, " .-. | sa
| As cable: ES ከ. reduced prie. At PT
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GARDENERS’ “CHRONICLE, LTD.
E Tavistock: Be, Covent Garden, w È. 3.

——
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“Rr. Manchester. — Dy

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xo PERTILITES አ ንች] ኋ Willy t da
" Tbe Lawn dopravee |! Fer. 8፲ Vegetables, ‘Allotment «nd. Garden. Crop |
wirh AM ‘years’ puta.. ; 28.16. dM S6 85. ii $ cw E 2 ok:
|! 2r ፡

"WP Sou to “uphold: ede d. RAMONS FOR WALE-ATENTORY .
GRY -- particdats from: ፡. aub SOLD GUYS AEE: BEGDSNEN.
Gorden Supp ies Eid. 3 152

WITH CHEMICAL. MANURE | £o. p

ALES EN DRE

Bremer Mire እ)ጫያ# 851.

FOR GREENHOUSE. HEATING 27:2

ROCHFORD E -BISSON TUBULAR f BOILERS |
SECTIONAL HOILERS— HOT-WATER PIPES.
Hot: Water Valves ^ ^ - Ventilating Gear. `
| ለዘ Gold. Medal Royal. ክበበ Exbibities 1912.

` Heating Hpparatus: erected P amy “park af: hs አጠ. -
FORTY YEARS EXPERIENCE.

_CHAS. P. KINNELL. & Co. Ltd. SSSA UNS 1 LONDON. SE. i

— MEAP ATA rm t es “ቋቋ” — — — — — — ገደ — ፣ ር — — e —— 9 — — — dare Le cor tere 4: - ዱፈ eupete MÀ ee TIT OUT ያች ተቸ ጋ

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SUP PLEMENT PLATE: a ፡ - ከኔርብመሕዉ calophytum. i

[Estau SHED. 1541.

‘No. 2008. Vou Lxx Vii. WESS ie - 842089 AY, -JUNE ram 0. 1935 T — — — 5
- SUBSCRIPTIONS —Inland : oF. — 3ዐ- nar anaum, pest free. *

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us Sams: bez Ni invite visltora to: Sew othelt -

inde dixplay ot fime Hooria di. Stand: ND. 45

xb ins a" uod trud Ope tbe: —— AED PRL

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— — oF HORTICULTE! RES ae
15 now yeniyi Pree’ Ww E joie ማር

.፻ሶ፻ perennial flante. :

ERPETUALFLOWERINO CARNATIONS | — xoc W We Uu m Web 00 — "፳88፳ SPECIAL LIST
‘for the. Greedhodse and hie: “Gardens e bedogue © E COLOUR BARDERS- of Hardy Peso, e
S — Warn. Wald d 5 BLMANN, መ ኤክክበዜን ፡፡፡ TAM; እ —— ut Daa, Ad s |
ES ptt, Sex. — እ aromes: Delphiniuins, Pyrethronvis ardias, fiés: ; EY
—— — —— , Beraaneni “artistic. results nt low cost; . z a ፍ 5 | ot “att de gest “9 nt OT

"BARES BREDS FOR 30፳8. —— ESA DES mu
Jon. VEGETABLE nl Flower. ‘Garden, ‘RPLWA Yu ‘BRILLIANT IEEE guns Wo

ጠህ “Flower! ኤ PR
—— Rock: - -Gardet ant dywal ol Finest. .. Marguerite 19 flower this year. Splemdl
(tes atratiia “and. tested wow. ፡8ኮ«ዚ6181. Fists dem. dt up cite

HANE ፳ SONS, f RE “King BES:
aveit, በ Lowden: ane

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enel ic per. dozen, foc per tom ——

: 2059 ል £,
— = ew Ma ine se DU PORUM UT
| EELWAY 8 dw AY, NU TREE LOPENS; Deor: BEL
| r 0881፳8. P LANT CATALDOEHE Hybrids, 3n very lively stidea, In pots, they will’

A SE ooo iive abundant flower in beds.and borders ihia year. As | i: M |

—— piu ah E z ፡-| በ50 sario of ወዘ ከመሪ 5:5 ger | ህክ & SONS, Ld, The King’ s 5፡ወወ pups
zi
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| 164. Bdinbutgli- > 0890. UA EPONE
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Perera.“ Biante . Vegetati ntf. HH lawar- Somte 60

Hower» ዳኮ1፡88. adu u iriking “and 1፡80 iant- pote.’ i3 J KEEP forwarded reeur: 'atniieation- to ፡ JAMES —

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LAM ELE Ur. ከ — ! Bastion, — ud. SEM bs “entrancing: ‘fans: በ4. that የክፍ ከነ bips. Named.. — — — — — —
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HARD PHLOSES, 2 E eni eS Peat x BUSSE DD; Mie: Sucima, 853904. lr
AT ` Nọ dime. fa. VEA ot : ict REM KE —
T5 — Xue and. toa: 09/1196. ahi ades OERINAYa" AM GATED ጻ ቢርቪላ። of Ry s «‹በ5ሀቨ.. :

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; opta . 100 ህዞ፻: itis, & DOG group Uv - eras.

‘UB. PROPI s S natives 'ከበ m "bed pè ክክዜክሎቢ du 4086. at. “|

2 PAGEANT Siy
PARONY TINE AT: KREDWAY I, . ጂክ ams oo
MN weeks: Jaht J6th fo. WE bo Mans tnousod- plants 5-70.

“PLANTS : ንአ Maca

* ሪ “
— ep —

AD p o bab cd oange Be n Phas ን d : Cae py ài te Igmaus RER ATA. "deitas 1; ክባቭጣና:.- Varies o
Y. Pn otter ETT. — ፲. We 18686 BE TE SG putida: PEE Brun AN MS. 2| md see them growing: (db Hae hable as thes feto o0
Nurseries: ከኮክክቨቨደክዌኳ- Bares? a እም SE EES ETT — na ›ን ዲ፡. better - qid rten Tuy EMI በር፳8፲፻፳ it a ር ን
—— ተፍ ገዛው መሙ” — ፡ሙ ENGEL rRODÜCTS. ONLY. Onr pines "dave lean. 1. show: tor Hie | ጩመኩጠሀ6' Sadieties, dor Viti. his tros

-ipWymed: Wo offer nn prizes Buk wer wilh give: 8622 Spur - ከ - garden. fils ution.

“AK TON'S c STRAWBERTIES | ANTE FRUIT. ae

T A 2 mun vale ja hardy plants which wil: arue, 18, this E OW a (mnm toni En THA BN qut; Bo - tie: hon
L P — E. CAU * T jer Wu et HPY S d 2s ARH —— Ki: 19/83" . sorts, 8ከከ0.. ak. mette: "ORAE jnterestitgr - Wit. Country. —*
SSF Qoi (ont na Yn Wwe [Ue fxm err ips: Fen SERÁ 12 laps, rythii dn ከ. ነ AE * PE S
Siawtierrieé: - i PHS - ላቡ:: 28(4(77- » ጽር FS shanki. 60ኛ6 Aes 2፡2. v T zh — | : ር § s e VETE — “Station, ie በከ
“Posty. ME EARLON: BRR, ; Narona: "s une. Sow, to: "tbe. Prémie one der. ay anger Wiat Sta nih dass
Raira. Te — RS ^; Perendia AAS | Ont Taite. órom Dindo vir Salletour s. re
* — cuero — ThE A Torten. 98. Gp iatt uud. ——— E Bristol af Bath.

a 14 ልህ n ur. South. ዘ Men Hi, S em : 1s 7
DM LAE Wiper arel በጋ, = j ት, ier Mag SP wiehehritsess-

SAPIEN 8998. dud x SUE E SI — X. 2 a

; EE

S Wo» "m n^ ሂ an pi T -

E Mt & BON ehe- 6891 rita,
ል Somerset,

ii.

— — — — —

‘SALES BY AUCTION.

WEDNESDAY NEXT, JUNE 24th.
AT THREE O'CLOCK.
Consignments of
BAY TREES, PALMS, ARAUCARIAS,
. ASPIDISTRAS, |
and other decorative Plants from Belgium.
ን ;PROTHEROE & MORRIS,
will sell the above: at their CENTRAL SALE ROOMS,
6? & 68, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.C. 2
' On Wednesday next, June 24th.

Catalogues "post free on application.
_ Sale -of Imported and Established
-ORCHIDS,
- Including a fine batch of

| CENTRAL and SOUTH AMERICAN and BURMESE

=

- enterprising -person

“She well-known and extensive collection. of

SPECIES, just to hand, in the finest possible
condition, and including several popular kinds not
recently sent over;

together with a fine lot of

HEALTHY ESTABLISHED PLANTS from various
sources.

ESSRS. PROTHEROE & MORRIS
will sell the above at their CENTRAL AUCTION
ROOMS, 67. &. 68, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.C.2.

On Friday, June 26th.

^ Catalogues on application.

BOOKS on BOTANY and
HORTICULTURE.
MESSRS.

SP . .::. & CO.

Estd. 1744

34-85, NEW BOND STREET, LONDON, W. 1.
Will sell by AUCTION
On Wednesday, June 24th,
COMMENCING AT ONE O'CLOCK,

Works
relating to Botany and Horticulture the property
of the late
C. HARMAN PAYNE, Esq.
(Sold by order of Messrs. Frank Payne & Co.
37, Great Tower Street, E.C. 3.)

On view at least two days prior.
Catalogues may be had.

PROPERTY FOR SALE.

ARKET GARDEN for sale in the
prosperous seaside town of Rhyl, North Wales,

comprising 3 large greenhouses, vinery, garage, and Out-

buildings suitable for conversion into two semi-detached
houses and approximately 1,500

square yards of well
planted and cultivated SAC.

for sale cheap to an
who 15 — ble of developing.
Exceptional opporunkty: —Detail particulars from the
le agents, CECIL T. ROBERTS & CO.. LTD., 2a,
righton Road, Rhyl.

THE GARDENERS

ENTRIES CLOSE

CHRONICLE.

FOR SALE.
BEST PAYING RETAIL FLORIST’S BUSINESS

IN THE HEART OF THE

CITY OF WINNIPEG

Most thriving City in Western Canada, pop. 225,000. Sales only limited by capacity
of range. Plants and cut flowers grown exclusively.

Establishment very compact, comprising nine glass houses, with all cypress roofs,
machine ventilators, 11,000 feet double thick glass, all adequately hot water heated to
stand extreme cold, with electric thermometer alarm system, packing room, extensive
potting shed 16 x 50; all houses lit by electricity and attached to 8-roomed dwelling.
Soft lake water in every house and automatic electric pump distributes warmed water
from 6,500-gallon soft water cement tank. Extensive system of hot beds and cold frames
with 4,500 feet all cypress sash, glazed with double thick glass. Asphalt sidewalks and
streets to property. Torrens Title.

Situated on 12 City lots, and portion of grounds not occupied by houses is planted

in Peonies and hardy herbaceous flowers.
All buildings in best of repair and subject to strictest inspection. Statements can be
verified and all records and books open to bona-fide purchaser.

1924 BUSINESS $22,700.00, WITH NET PROFIT OF $5,900.00.
AVERAGE NET PROFIT FOR 5 YEARS, $5,500.00.

Owner, wishing to retire, offers the above as a going concern with possession July rst.
All successive crops of cut flowers, Ferns, Cyclamen, etc., are being provided for and
stock of these and herbaceous plants and Peonies will be turned over at less than
wholesale cost. |

REQUIRE $20,000.00 FOR ENTIRE PLANT
the Land (which is Torrens Titled), together with the Goodwill.

Terms at least half cash, balance arranged. This is less than cost of buildings alone,
and as can be noted, would pay over 25% on investment, or in four years more than
pay for itself.
Without exaggeration, this is one of the finest openings for a live couple or company.
E. M. ANTENBRING, Polson Avenue Greenhouses, Winnipeg, Canada.

JUNE 20, 1955.

NOTICES. EXHIBITIONS.

WOLVERHAMPTON FLORAL FÉTE

JULY 14th, 15th and 16th, 1925.

Retford, Notts., would pay for opportunity to
PORTAE in Colours attractive subjects, within 50

miles lus.

|
R. S. PEGLER, F.R.P.S., Grove Street, |
|
|

MIDLAND A COLE COE AND DAIRY |

A ONE-year Certificate Course in Horti- |
culture will commence at the College on September |

Prope free from the Principal, Sutton |
Ponlagtod; Loughborough.

£1,000 IN PRIZES.
ENTRIES CLOSE 6th JULY.

Schedules on application to the Secretary.

PETERBOROUGH SHOW.
HORTICULTURAL and FLORAL SECTION

JULY 15th and 16th.
Splendid facilities for Trade Displays and Groups.

SOCIETY’S GOLD AND SILVER MEDALS
in addition to Valuable Prize List.

SATURDAY NEXT, JUNE 27th.
Prize Lists from :—
ROBERT BIBBY, Secretary Agricultural Office,

PETERBOROUGH.
TELEPHONE 349, l

June 20, 1925.

THE GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE.

iii.

ROYAL NORFOLK
AGRICULTURAL ASSOCIATION.

GREAT SUMMER SHOW

KING’S LYNN
July 1st and 2nd, 1925.

HORTICULTURAL SECTION
ENTRIES CLOSE JUNE 22nd.

.For Prize Lists p to:

W. J. CHAMBERLAIN;
8, WATERLOO STREET, KING’S LYNN,

Crowthorne, Finchampstead & St. Sebastian
Horticultural Society.

President :
The Master of Wellington—F. B. MALIM, Esq.

THE

ANNUAL FLOWER SHOW

WILL BE HELD IN

THE POLO FIELD
(Adjoining Wellington College Station),

On WEDNESDAY, JULY 29th, 1925.

Class for
SWEET PEAS (open to all England).

8 vases. 8 varieties. 12 spikes in each.
(Correctly named).

1st—£5. 2nd—£3. 3rd—£2.

as. de 2/6. Entries to be made to the Sec.,
G. GORDON, 97, Lower Broadmoor,
CIS ያዊ Berks, by Wednesday, July 15th.

ABERGAVENNY HORSE SHOW.
SEPTEMBER 3rd, 1925.

HORTICULTURAL AND PRODUCE SECTION.
90 Open, Farmer and Amateur Classes,
Flowers, Fruit and Vegetables.

SILVER CUPS AND MEDALS.
Apply: Mr. H. J. RICE,

7, Casaba Terrace, Llanfoist, Abergavenny.

Schedules now ready.

BUSINESS CARD.

AMES BACKHOUSE. F.LS., F.R.H:S.,
for many years Chairman of the late firm of James
Backhouse and Son, Limited, having retired from York,
offers his services as GARDEN CONSULTANT; 30
years’ experience, specially in connection with Alpine and
Herbaceous Plants; advice given for Rock Garden
construction and planting, also for permanent flower
borders, boundary plantations, etc.—Address for terms to
Caer Fegla, Arthog, North Wales.

PLANTS, &c., FOR SALE.

Small Classified Advertisements. Twenty words
for three lines including headline) 48., and 1 8.
for every succeeding eight -words (or line or part
of a line). Fee for having replies addressed ‘to
thie office, 1g. Displayed advertisements, B8.
per inch, or 108. facing editorial matter.

ERNS! CALADIUMS ! !—Begonias, —

Orotons, Dracaenas, Gloxinias, Hyd
Geraniums, Ericas, Lilies, Ferns and How to. raw
Them, ከሃ J. E. SMITH, 8/6 post ree: - —
London Fern Nurseries, London, 8.W.9

100, — wanted 1,000

LARGE GARDEN FERNS,
I 00,00 30/- —

& Aspidistras for dividing free.—
SMITH,

Fernery, London, S.W. 9.
RAUCARIAS.—A few very fine pente to
offer. 5j ft. uu h ora spreading eading, in tubs, ee
85/- each.—Apply R T GRE qui, LTD.,
Crawford Street, Wane: ERT, London, W.i

ARE PRIMULA AND ALPINE SEEDS
from large (1500) collection, sold cheap; list free.—
REV. F. J. ANDERSON, Glenn Hall, Leicester.

I [51 Chinese, and other Rhodo-
dendrons on their own roots. Shrubs, Alpines,
and border Plants, Aquatics, Lilies, etc. Write for

Lists.—G. . REUTHE, Keston, Kent.

— Zürich, and Heliotrope
good strong plants, most]

EAE paid, radius 20 miles.—-FELGATE & SONS,
Burhil] Nursery, Hersham, Walton-on- Thames.

ALLFLOWERS, strong, early, Feltham,
Vulcan, Belvoir Castle, etc., 1/9 100, 14/- 1,000, free
—MORLE, 150-156 Finchley Road, N.W.

P F. CARNATIONS ; good stuff, stopped
e and broken, ex. 600'8; clean, healthy, strong ;
what offers, any quantity —ODDY, Milford, Surrey.

NTIRRHINUMS, medium, eight varieties,

3/6 100, 30/- 1000. Asters Ostrich Plumes,
White, Pink, "Mauve, Blue, strong, well-rooted, 3/6
100 ሀ00. c.w.o.—GEORGE BLATHERWICK &
SON, Waltham Cross.

in 60's,
in bloom, at 6/- per doz.

PLANTS, &c., WANTED.
ANTED. — Hardy tre Ferns for
conservatory, in large ts or tubs; 5-6 feet
or 6-7 feet; prices and varieties to CALDWELL

& SONS, Knutsford.

MISCELLANEOUS.

RON AND WIRE FENCING for Gardens,
Ornamental Iron and Wire work of every
description. Catalogues G.C. 156; Iron Fencing and
Tree Guards, Catalogue G.C. 65; Wood and Iron
Gates Catalogue 0.0. 165; Kennel Railing, Catalogue
G.C. 86; Poul Fencing, Catalogue G.C. 70. Ask for
separate lists.— OULTON & PAUL, LTD., Norwich.

HEAP WIRE! Handy for all training,
including Raspberries, Peas, Beans, Tomatoes,
Vines, fencing, etc. Only 19/6 mile. Special prices
small lots. Postcard for free samples and list of
400 Government bargains. GREEN, 207, Albert Street,
Lytham. ` ነ :

IRDS' BATHS, Sundials, Vases, Statuary,
Birds’ Nesting Boxes, etc.—Catalogue (No. i
free.—M OORTON, 60, Buckingham Palace Road, S.W.1

LD Carved. Stone Sundial Pedestal with
brass dial, £7.—Apply tu KNIGHT & WILLIAMS,
9, Wentworth Studios, Manresa Road, Chelsea.

TONE PAVING.—Crazy and rectangular
York Garden Paving, Copings, Steps, etc., Grit
and other Rocks for ock Gardens; Flat - Stone
Rubble for “Dry” Walls. Nottingham Marl. Large
or small quantities carriage paid to any Railway

Station in England.—HODSON & SONS, LTD,
Castlegate, Nottingham.
ORK STONE PAVING for Garden

Paths and Lily Ponds; rectangular or broken for
rustic work; steps and wall coping; rockery.—GEO.
VINT & BROS., Stone Merchants, Idle, Bradford.

ELECTED GREY WESTMORELAND

Weathered and A oc edad Mountain Limestone
Rockery. The finest Rockery Stone; also York Stone
Garden Pav! HERBERT BROOK, High Road,
Whetetone, N.20; and Lightcliffe, Yorkshire.

OCKERY
— for sale in 6-ton lota and upwards;

(Westmoreland). — Waterworn

any quantity. — For rices, etc, write J OHN
WARDLEY SONS, Slack Head, Milnthorpe.
-ORTHAMPTONSHIRE LOAM from

Ironstone Land, unequalled for fibre and colour;
amp 2-cwt. bags, 2 6, carriage forward; low rate for
loads -NORTHAMPTONSHIRE LOAM CO.

18, Horsemarket, Kettering.

for Rhododendrons and
25/- ton, in truckloads

EAT :MOULD,
Nursery Work, 5/- bag,

on rai.—WALKER, Pinewoods, Camberley.
RAVEL (Surrey), binding without
stickiness, for paths and roads, 12/6 per ton
on rail in truck—WALKER, Pinewoods, Camberley,
Surrey.
FARNHAM GRAVEL.
E can load tho celebrated Farnham

Gravel in 6 or 8 ton trucks from our own Pits,
Fine, 7/-, and Coarse, 7/6 per ton.—S, BIDE & SONS,
LTD., Farnham, Surrey.
a aaa, a ECC EI. TY
OAL, Coke and Anthracite.—Trucks to
any station. House Coal from 12/6 per ton pit;
Welsh ‘Anthracite, 21/-pit; SemAnthracite (r registered) 106;
Semi Anthracite, 18/4: Horticultural ke, 1
Works Coke, 17/-. —8UCK LE COLLIERY CO., 5 ከል
Cheltenham.

EWAGE DISPOSAL for country houses,
factories, farms, etc.; no emptying of cesspools; no
solids ; no open filter beds: everything underground and
automatic ; & perfect fertiliser obtainable WILLIAM
BEATTIE, , 9, Lower Grosvenor Place, Westminster.
30 HOT WATER BOILERS up to lar —
e) size made, all tested; 10,000 feet H.W. Pipes,
large quantity fittings, heating apparatus fixed com

lete, asshouses or materials ን same; garden
ghte, lists free; established here years.—C. A.
CHRISTIANSEN. Norwood Green, South W.

ARDEN NETTING. —Best Selected Small

Mesh Tanned, 50 by 1 1 yard, wi or 2
8/-, or 4 yards 16, rage WBE Tennis Nets
and Standards. List tree CST A ERRY NETTING
CO., 5, Suffolk Terrace, Lowestoft

ARDEN NETS, tanned, small mesh, for

Seeds, and Strawberry — 30

yards Jong, 2 yards wide, 4/6; x ya 3 yards,

(m 30 E gie by 4 yards, 9'-; 50 yards by 5 yards,

nis yards ከሃ yards, 14/. Carr. paid.—
FRED ROBINSON, ከ36) Net Works, Rye.

BENTLEY'S WEED DESTROYER

(Poison).
The most powerful manufactured.
Has a larger sale than any other.

CONCENTRATED (1 gall. to 80 galls. of water).

1 gall. 8/-; 2 galls. 15/4; 3 galls. 22/-;
6 galls. 42/-; 12 galls. £4/1/- ; 24 galls.
£7/18/-; 40 galls. (in steel barrel) £12/16/8

Barrels and drums charged and returnable.

POWDER (1 tin to 25 galls. of water).
4 tins 11/-; 8 tins 21/-; 12 tins 30/-
20 tins 48/-; 40 tins g2/-.
Tins free, cases charged and returnable.
Carriage paid on 15/- orders and upwards.

- Sole Manufacturers :

JOSEPH BENTLEY, LTD.
Chemical Works, BARROW-ON-HUMBER, HULL.

LOOK! TANNED GARDEN NETS

All orders despatched same day.
25 yards x 1 yard, 2/-; 25x2,4/-; 25 5 3, 6/-
All carriage paid. Any sizes supplied.
Also Tennis Boundary Nets.

MOORE & Co., Net Works, RYE.

— -

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June 20, 1925.

pe aes cia Caelio — ee ሠው mer — — — NT

Gardeners’ Chronicle

No. 2008.—SATURDAY, JUNE 20, 1925.

— — — — — — — — — — — —— — — —

.ሙ - —
— — —

CONTENTS.
Albert Medal, award of 426 | Orshoven, M. Van,
Alpine Garden - í de | honour ‘tor *
Anemone palmata ... |
Primula Forrestli ... me A Parks and gardens Ph *
Viola cornuta - 438 Rhododendron George
pas — ችን | Hardy .. .. ... 440
amassias ... . 496 | Rose garden, the—
Cultural memoranda— a ^ Reduction of varieties 432
On watering .. 433
Druce, Dr. G. Claridge, | Rose, an operation on
presentation to ... 4236 i 8 standard ài
Edinburgh, notes from 430 | Royal Horticultural
Fruit crops, the pros- ! Society’s general ex-
pects of the ... 425 ; amination in horti-
Fruit garden, the market 439 ; culture ... : T
“ Gardeners’ Chronicle ” | Societies—
seventy-five years ago 427 | Deeside Field Club ... 142
Garden in antiquity ... 436 York Gala .. ... 441

Garden notes from south- Trees and Shrubs—

west Scotland ... ፋ10 | [eti 1-
Mardy flower border- ^5 | A election of Ameri
Heucheras ... $9! Ceanothus Veitch-
Verbascum phoeni- "E lanus 431

ceum ^. .... .. 137 | Olearia stellulata ... 430
poor 139 | Potentilla — Vilmori-

Apples and Plums in | niana . .S 431
Suffolk .. 439 Rhododen: ‘ron 'calo-

Bark slitting .. . 439 phytum m ... 431

Indoor plants— _
Bertolonia and Son-
erila ... - . 432 |
Irises, Regelio- cyclus . ... 440 Ward's, Mr. F. Kingdon,
McKelvie, Mr. William 426 eighth eel in
Narcissus bulbs, impor- . Asia - . 434
tation into America... 425 — Week's work, the 428
Nursery notes— =
Irises at Maidstone... 438

Orchid notes and glean-

Vegetable garden—
White-flowered Savoy 440

© Wild garden—
Melittus
phyllum

. Wistarias, the way to

Melisso-

ngs—
Cattleya Trianae x

C. Mossiae ... ... ዌ፣ . ጩዐ0ጃ ... ... 42
Odontoglossum hy- | Woolly aphis, new
brids ... .. ... 427 ' parasite of the ... 426
ILLUSTRATIONS.

Birch copse with a Rhododendron of the “ triflorum "
section .. *
Ceanothus Veitchianus, a fine specimen of .. .. 431
McKelvie, Mr. William, portrait of EM ade .. 426
Miltonia vexillaria var. Rajah -. Ex Me S. 427

Khododendron, a new species of the *taliense "
section of ... ahs al ዊን
ን Mrs. Wm. Watson, 420; R. myrtill-
Trillium undulatum `.. : as * ... ቁ87
SUPPLEMENTARY PLATE.

Rhododendron calophytum.

AVERAGE MEAN TEMPERATURE for the ensuing week
deduced from observations during the last fifty
years at Greenwich, 61°2°,

ACTUAL TEMPERATURE—

The Gardeners’ Chronicle Office, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, London, Wednesd ay, June 1,
10 a.m. Bar. 3072, temp. 60°. Weather, Dull.

ANYONE who is at one and

The the same time a grower of
Prospects of fruit and a student of plant
the physiology must have passed
Fruit Crops. through a trying time this
year. All the omens uttered

with no Delphic uncertainty were unpro-
pitious for top fruit. A wet summer followed
by a wet autumn and winter boded no good
for the Plum, Pear, and Apple crops, and
therefore, as a grower, the dual personality
we have evoked was full of apprehension.
Yet when spring came the Plums and, in
particular, the Damsons, displayed a wealth
of blossom which delighted the eye of Jekyl,
the grower, but puzzled the mind of Hyde,
the physiologist. Pear blossom following
closely and profusely on the Plum accentuated
these divided feelings, and Apple blossom,
when it came—and it was very late relatively
to that of Pears—-made Hvde doubt whether

his forebodings based on physiological know- .

ledge were going to prove just. All looked

full of promise in the orchard, and there

were even those who,
snowy whiteness of

impressed with the
the blossoming frui

THE

GARDENERS’

trees, were not unprepared to think lightly
of the experience of generations of fruit
growers and of the physiological knowledge
of plant life, and to anticipate a good fruit
year. It may be that for some of them these
anticipations will be fulfilled, but we fear—
speaking as grower Jekyl—that their hopes
are already shown to be illusory, and that
Hyde, the physiologist, will have the sinister
laugh of them when in surveying ‘‘blossom
and blossom and promise of blossom, but
never a fruit.” At all events, in the
orchard which provoked these observations
the promise of a good fruit year is already
blighted—like the trees themselves—so far
as Damsons, Plums and Pears are concerned.
The swelling fruits of any of these kinds
are few and far bétween, and moreover, so
far as the Damsons are concerned, the
profusion of blossom seems to have resulted
in a serious check to growth, so much so
that the voung leaves fell early to aphis
attack—and that in spite of spraying, and
only now are there signs of recovery. With
Pears it was otherwise. They cast their
young fruits-—cutting their losses as it were—
and set about developing a luxuriant foliage.
Apples, however, found better conditions at
the time of fruit setting, and on their present
showing do not justify the prognostications of
the pessimistic phvsiologist, albeit that, as we
verily believe, he would rather have his fruit
room unfilled than his theory falsified.
It is, of course, possible to attribute these
failures of early promise to the succession of
cold nights and gloomy days which occurred
during blossom time. And, doubtless, the
poor results are in part due to this cause.
But the physiologist will have it that the
major cause lay in the unpropitious summer
of last year. Old and experienced growers
are wont to talk of strong blossom, though
what exactly they mean by the term is hard
to discover, except that strong blossom is
followed by a good fruit crop and weak
blossom is not. There is, apparently, to
their eye a difference in quality as distinct
from quantity of blossom. We, for our part,
think they are right. If so, the recent
plausible explanations of the causes which
lead to the differentiation of fruits and vege-
tative buds from indifferent buds—which are
potentially either—must be accepted with
some measure of reserve. Not that these
conclusions, based on careful investigation,
are to be regarded as unsound but rather
that, as happens so frequently with respect
to the life of plants, the discoveries of physio-
logical science cover not the whole but only
part of the ground. This indeed is inevitable,
for the life of plants is obscure and complex.
How obscure and complicated it is is known
only to those who work constantly among
them. In any case, present indications,
pointing as they do away from a bumper
fruit year, leave the grower, Jekyl, sorrowing,
and Hyde, the physiologist, preening himself
because even his very limited knowledge
enabled him to predict what has taken place.
It will be of more than usual interest, there-
fore, to learn later on whether the showing
of the one orchard to which reference has
been made is a fair indication of the fruit
prospects as a whole, and it should be well
worth while when the reports are being
made those who make them should state the
aspect and indicate the kind. of soil to which
their reports refer. For a well-sheltered,
well-cultivated orchard may possibly vield
this year results very different indeed trom
those in somewhat-exposed orchards which,
owing to weather, had perforce been left
too long uncultivated.

CHRONICLE.

` eultivated on

425

The Way to Grow Wistarias.—Wistarias,
which do not climb naturally, are usually
supported on trellises or grown on rods or
frames attached to buildings. ‘This means
that they have to be more or less pruned
every year and in this way lose much of
their flowering wood and often have a stiff
and unnatural appearance. How to grow
them naturally is demonstrated by a plant
of the white Japanese Wistaria growing close
to the Centre Street gata of the Arnold
Arboretum. This was planted many years
ago in what was then a nursery and has
been allowed to grow naturally over some
tall bushes close to the drive into the
Arboretum; it now extends over a large
area and this year, as in many past seasons,
the whole plant was loaded down in May
with its long racemes of flowers. According
to the Bulletin of the Arnold Arboretum this
specimen is one of the most beautiful and
interesting objects in the Arboretum, and
well worth the attention of all persons who
like to see plants growing naturally and as
they grow in their native countries as wild
plants.

Leaflets on Fruit Preserving.— The University
of. Bristol has published. several leaflets
dealing with the preservation of fruits and
also of Asparagus. The fruits dealt with
are Gooseberries, Raspberries and Logan-
berries, Currants, Cherries, and Blackberries.
Asparagus is preserved in containers filled
with salt solution made by dissolving two
to four ounces of common salt in one
gallon of water. The Asparagus is blanched
by placing it in: boiling water for two or
three minutes with the heads above the
surface of the water and then put in cold
running water for about five to ten minutes.
The cans are filled to within a quarter-inch
of the top with boiling brine, sealed and
then sterilised. The method of preserving
Asparagus in bottles is also dealt with. The
leaflets on fruit preserving contain a lot of
useful information and may be obtained
from the University of Bristol Fruit and
Vegetable Preservation Research Station,
Campden, Gloucester, price 131. each post
free.

Royal Horticultural Society Gardens Club.—
The annual meeting of the R.H.S. Gardens
Club will take place at Aldenham House
Gardens, Elstree, Hertfordshire, by hind
permission of the Hon. Vicary Gibbs, on
Saturday, July 11, 1925. Members intending
to be present are asked to inform the
Secretary without delay. Full particulars of
the arrangements, times of trains, etc., will
be sent later to those making application.
A char-a-banc will convey members from
Wisley at a return fare of six shillings.

Importation of Narcissus Bulbs into America.
—Much perturbation is being felt among
Dutch Bulb growers at the approach of the
date—Ist January, 1926—after which the
importation of Narcissus tulbs into America
will, to all intents and purposes, be stopped
The American Federal Horticultural Board
has issued a circular on the subject, re-
iterating the wording of the decree of
October, 1922, in question, now about to
come into force, and laying stress on the
seriousness of the diseases which have
formerly been introduced into America with
Narcissus bulbs, and which .have affeet.d
not merely that genus, but also Oniors,
Clover, Lucerne, Potatos, and other crope,
A loop-hole is left by which new varieties.
etc., may still be introduced, under very
stringent conditions, one of which is that
the bulbs shall have been subjected to the
hot water treatment for eel-worm.

Special “Cactus Number" of “ Floralia.”
—Our Dutch contemporary, * Floralia,” pub-

dished on May 22 a special number chiefly

devoted to Cacti, 6 family of plants - much more
the Continent than 10: this
country. The articles. are accompanied by
excellent illustrations, including a clear line

SEAT) VE CADO.

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— — — ዓ ፍመ — —

ከ588 NOTES AND OLEAMRGS.

CATPLEY x ARANAN OE MOSMAE. Ss
MESE. “Ser ARE Lae 2 AND: dE : Ber Dac

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e iunea Qui: በር8668:. sett: M AC V so (rj 188. “አይ caled a ን ted tower, dba. i
eae he. ; speeds: ,15ሀ(1. ums plus "basia tout! heaves: i os-prple,. bleteütui - - being: ites
yaraydi. 8118“ 1፡81... de gordo. anal Anat. : SONATA os “by: wavy. bands of: ዜር: white, — ክነ.
ara at ihe. geatite wp gu. aos cx es ilpntoglossdim-: Salone” UTityna. eot $m
«Shares - and, YE m Pur aa WT deberian, E d vi fourdoches acras d 1፡41: SAE

btatebesr- Qus

5 “has: deem. TÄN arded: Deg
je 2 ተያ — Peng —

firmi iwbsintce, White. beantifalfy ^
this. as 2 Her ies ,66:.

whe F
faf oy se cust spokes

ጭ E34

M s.

ie. papatan ` e

ees AS,

| May and. Sune, so thas although. ddiem aie

53 F
“ThA iret pura e^ "ከርታ: inse

sae asional. Jewerinks E ‘otlier Seasons Voih ^ we lotchol.
Se seldom. AR flower. together, . Mesers “haw: with. ruhy tak - 06:78. elute- sronnid;, he Conter. AR
hase — this abflealts Hy foring. Siter lilae ota ec. HERR, "origininto Donna —*
Hus Xürieiies: n Tubes: 3md- thus) OSE bete wis: awed ‘Short : Mitte, 798115: © y
"hey — been” — Klerk d. “attain: “Greases © :- ሂካ[በ- ከ ከ ሶር exc pel warded d ard.. RATON: ?

experiments anc dandi ding diea. © A. shieduc- $

he hus wey ép /

፻ Yee delis AALS. Pita GENS ፻ዋሥ/፪3: :1,01,,11.

oM iplis - cupo tramo: 06911. ን ከ
| የህዋ ከ፡ ገፈ ^ der 9. alt — rope:
1 nk — nenessary.. oc son LH

| great — ^f Mr Ris 16. 306: manake-
"nent OF these. ከ6ፌመዓ. and we Econ. üt

TW OW 118/17 die Tins? 137931. the

ENEA * enmt edet ior DRE Justine: “Ane vexare D
henge: largely dalle d . ted TRO

ያወ : Ho 1820. —— IEE ያዋ ብ] ME አ ሰ

P Mb. tine and- Rong: auli dxü

ገክዜ፡(ክ S, 1913. the plaut being exhibited: ^ic i

not
Messrs, Eharlerwortty and 4507: ME ethe RELS: NE

withe devora fine ማጠ canis i ነ
-pnedouay. 'ሪረር ህር - hofa pru

BEDS Fhe Aperes He this gies P. Ss. ገበር 9 Maret: X AME: Mte MW AES
— 180,916: section. 8ኩ- “the: lege Bowered remuekatite ቦዊርነጩ: oos W Faune Et ATE Jf
aye bemg seinred ty 12. ebin by ome. "Odontonio - 5556 ie "Ua Aor ፡ 11 di m. 5^
-hobista AEk: digbridists - hd. dollowed. nc C TEKSAN Withee wary Jag hilo: da
han Amd dest dne cuf pedum udüle . denseefy nputted.- * imatiye, 118. ier;
would have. wsuited. efossing. species = Kelven being blote hed wath purple. | ‘Odontioda - x
-Bowerin at different: —— CGuribty: deca bres dans (Udm Tatia Abastel tis abe Of
S duced. And also: Ee Hew Sepso ፡. iowering. -Awentaefullv Wes : vef. di nifqum =
— o ALIE ret-purplé- tiot; E fo the ^

-ODONTOGLOSSUM- HY BRIBE... — ee rs — P» — ee ney 22:
— (CRARLESWORTH ፡ AND. 004 - dre. purple. T e adds —— — kondition
Hagwards. - Heath, ad p 91. some ef ab these | losers i div. post o
thew hyhrida, showing ‘thie: grosh amprovenmant. an very s Hote weather: covenson for

dm
papulanty Aa 4300ከ815.- de

ue Yhe

TUS ed

*

e tr: flowers. S

HOR. BODEN
OR ririt. Fars MEG ee NE GU

eB c THEO WARDEN ERS CHRONICLE. o ee as

E 58. | “Cuttings: — ‘al thie |6585ሀ8፡. PUT Mot. the 18፡1 iii — a. ን

"qnales. - Arang. — fore potting: ie: their soaking ረ in. thes 0695 ‘of: young - atong-
Meer — jn Septen ከ6፻.... ‘which. MOSHE ፡ des ua. 986813. will be nées

— -becomiug - well: and- clear water “ely should - be aed, [^n
vider. Ipes slit Tiava- pureed hey piper:

ere: qumcb - improved. 809 aeng thi qe. tai

ex (soaking “the 801b 68. ier juent UCASE 5]

‘weak manare. water. And. es tlie rata du

-aeeasional — s} jplicatton. aineatitnated -

By J. Comm, Gardener to Sra Jimi ‹፲ኔ COLMAN, and: jet et ERE. i —— ‘fettiliasr, Where. the Hones. fava i
CARCI ደን 0808 Park, — im Men Yo. HO ali: a p Bn "ventilated - Freely. diring is የ06. —

dede Marry: planis aL MU —— dt. tesis dd "i ns son. የይ S. 2 ‘fruits are ripening, 00085 the tag aud t jattüm

sand others of this. genus have finished blooming: - E subi * iis x 4 Sy el x^ CONTE US MY T -xeutüators - to this: fallen: wxtent “bot (diay
and are making” “He “growths, therefopr ; di 3 — — pA ETT nnd night. Continue. dac bep c everything

^ic Snoredsed amoant ዐ፻. móru nt. the Tool Climbs Climbing. plamte vo wi thoroughly «ሠርክ und healthy, Vue wil
iw necessary Thos plants dn adb need cel ፡፡ 090998: "should - ——— unott d — — ME de ገ

“potting: ‘annually. provided. they” ‘aris. growing “antérvals: Tor tyg and — iu oe

"dn.a «nbutanlial compost. “But if ፲ከ6 261 Ja Growths whieh are Ind in for the extenue 7

fie ca

79S 45%, EL

allowed io desonme stagint db noon በህ868 uf thy: plant should ho at

7 . ከሪ ET rfaota Le decas and the- = yoru: Tor davelipment.- othe. Tong
gtewihe E turmi “sickly The planis should. 3

Ds 29. | : WE fue — a à
| orbes examined 868-ሠ፡ the ated for secpottings —

i = Hbi. Expose "dus edis dés
ከራ ሻሜ8[- "et. A. sun: we recommenitted for.
the flier - ከጨ gab hes: Small daths © ኣል
OP: eghtineh - የናና wodini Aabels OF o
“beng sich ias aw shaded op to the higit. DN
^ Continue te feed undo wncounige the: Stree 46 -

3 TE br. ‘OVER. ducas, Roeping Henr :
twice Mule oad © Tegulating' |a

io sand be well:
LEMOA ats — [e s

Y ventüéthen |

guo. mBeenrding > 3o: the date when: ipe. 861155 66:

n or required. Punch enses cüntóndng abe varieties '

| 49994. ied pets Nes 2^ ahd ከል. ሸበካ! 191. ai night ጸበባ 86፡2.

peg ddp RE apt 8. callow al: PU Plenty: of ater will. now ber mquised - qiue
make tall- dem "enki roa dean Be 80 70919, and. food. according | £d: the wes 0 4
furnished. — — Be TRO E cewength. of the individual tess GAME E DEN

Coo i Oak leaves and Bpl pituin two the —
Seat up "intá hart" portons with ` -uffüeient
NOTE a emushed. gracka: aniaed with. di. 40 ensure a
(oiu free passage of waler. Ino repoting themi
onse Me yüung shoots, shout 1 70:81 on the aurlace |

et the cod, devel with the: rim UE thé: —

ን ፈይ.

....፡. ከብሮ abade to Cardinal Nectarine, when uw i
! rus — . ጨበ are. ንታ and | apply w, Hite. demus

Pt ን EGO - ረው | ter. “et ‘the: roota, taking YR Abt j ፡4ክሥ. QURE
uode 48. pluced: ioo Bow 38: the Kompost- ‘they PLANTS UNDER. 6 ONE M ይ ት አ ላሪ
"ose A gains Apt y uud set up alisense. jdn the : ar 4. YARR.. Gardener to’ It, Cale: — | ያቸ RIER? nat. mfr — drought 2"
The mony x "varieties —Í- Le = E -8፻1፻08.. Westonbirt, Tetbury, Blow —— | us $ NS s ቸው ecd Re
very: "useful and -beautihil - 1 —— TA VAT

| Ochudir ps ፡ ያጨ ሮ፻ጂ- TRE "ጎሼ. 50108. drom ሠ e aes (Ar bos
ው ee fndstraraa’ Ae. Ties. ‘ise ! =
purs. white 0. Shadüs. ol. doep- rose. - Other - — Anmeg ‘pation 8864 xy ie ‘ie eared 2
| ——— — — do: meh. — POILEAS “Pistnibuin ከር eda ^
€ Se: y. m rvenly . — me Mire E "n — te

! eti. dns tha which - should have ‘fear’ Pake — Nonae Du iii
= “porting: ahora: " 2 7 x 1 f s
fx ] prev Wausly UN atered. :::. Dower: he: Saeed . walls Pena attention .; Minos ae addi “ከር:
me E pr onal o EA. ህከ. ‘one sharp 859941... Pines | the Séod«pans እን ር ie they.’ ivanas in que E MSS
camo nnt ME Cy ፲፪. gray Ug Are sty ፲፡ a house: having di intermodale Wupede - growth tht: P1 ano. 8 (1. for. duruisbio

Mehes TWügb. and whe nbw woos have. “BROW Uie. ከበበ over each - ይጠበ s y
; ; : Un. h pmi with a shot of the trees whdutd. by femovel to make rem
— ii Piga — — ivy — glass “and dv 8:66, cof poner aati dhe ዘርፍብህ | d Cea iu ats ያ ehdota: Aor- —
e M us n — smi ps fg A "germinute. Do net fll the pans too ful. | yara erop All leferat prowite should ee S
x — p pe P pum id dh — HE Ey büt. ados ን ወ took DE, Bee . 67. apace, betwaen - 2 ^e "way; Jonving. w thiir eE 686. bud.
ot ps የ666) ፲፪ i dvisah doen Ren ate iHe -Surhido:- Qi he Bel and the: ces 1ከክ . Dash. 861. all. very: banie growths
s l 1 ን x AS — BSED : ይህሂዊያህክ.ዓ :: 196. ዐቁ6፡ሃወለዮ ote dood ting "ድ! i nhe - "eumplotels. .. aie 4 - ጽበዝቭ]፡. | በጡክ85-. WE. ,ከ6ቋ1ና
= — HOW: : oe Fady dor -transjeronbe:. nton placed: Mpeeimous should. be: rubbed «ዐ The
CE queeptacdes 1: “those! ig "five- 185ከ68 A» Ce, :. wh) ether "grawn - 98 “Spe. 68/52. ET
ES frat — ‘disita Wi beo. ie ‘under copings. shsufd. be -syringed “copiously”
. ከፎ. “phate. .8ከ0ሀ14.. ‘be! 49868, aer bot dass; aheg uliey- ase 'የ518ር8: Dil.
ልዳን) Y “Farger. quie with. des dittles enéb walls tie ፌር may dec ‘dares Teton
፡ «ከ፡ሀ 5:--38- thas t = ጳባህአጀህያከስከ[!ዛና of tine ‘pacts. PE: ‘possible! ለቪ the’ anual. Kans cof thu safi paving. seek
" pd 58: pues 566. — weedlus; phunpe othe pote 38 ac Bap qp on. ዜ ሺጩር wall dh work iBhouid o
flower, any nenessaPy - ‘penning should. bed don ght houss ol the “same emipéró- opa deformed datl- the- evening: - Byringme’ |
dong, ‘Dusan F 'hiludeiphma - and whrobe “af - ture dn whith the: lants. havn hen growing - should: not: bas’ "neglected Gr bud. ‘tesih may -
3 sizodat- habit phentd Shaws: cPHONU- of the md neni Alasin thy "ክህ after Syring mg. follow throuj * Makes - "E — spider FA ks
flowering wood. educ io 6. atong. አ ነ the Aftemuous asy. Ae. 10550. Besadak - aphia- of: diferent kinds Resp: de rp -
deopiüg. am. eye ulw eie OE cus the! prevailing: weather. «to ይወ — watch oti the border: tr ose yu they de-
"alhapeély. “weit baddies jp ትት መጋት (8:116፡-. Spring: ከ፲9ሺ8. ER um de dider- pi 5 ite, ehh : ot bandas = es ር Vend: ት ው
i Ros.: ‘ang: Filara: a hee pueny d more hti ዘሩ d passed : D ot ower, should: TE rd reus 393664 muh fasistar 5 akt s this’ bue ic AR
| wodd: Fhian je, wanted, ando bbe goes quay ነ6 aking grawth 789018: During warm ዝር6፻86፻: {ha oai x oon the devs one jos. topione
be helped | “ዕክቨ8ህ16የ8ሀ1ሆ . by femovine - cthe- thea! will. ከአበበና% án. abundant. mupply 1: -kupplias 67 water, and ligul - “በዚ በቸ። d od de
2 weaker f honis Tas —— Acs creme - wur, dnd 'ዝ11 bes gestis assisted iP BIVOn yyarlable.. otherwise sprinkle“ —
i mora c PODIB ' w gavolo. * ccn bs “ዘ. tions. ጠበ — ሀ. The hada rok peg “wate 5 oe
ርመ ave’ tendency te “aika dem PES REN, EPOE ፍራው e eue ground: “Givo “tha -፻6918: 8:7. 99

‘By v AUTON, —— th ንክ አያ Tavas.
Eyrurd: Court, ! "wo Okt. 50863. --

.

' HORUS d pu ና oe malig. te ረ CE C6 ON ERN a" QT deny Gave < havent GUN, | ab. the: m s yu dit
አን የ ያላህ nin ERE à * ና E m ‘FRUITS. UN — AS 5: growing oun e “eapings: b hauta oe dues
6 «911. ከ — ase iy frequently” : JENA 2 x ; ።፡ The 1): 4801. “be cused cen

E
fail. to: hreuk-- ntu iproweth, hanes. :ህአጩፐ(!:8] imwunsn-

| pring shout- do — too prevent long.
^l akot storma: at Bho dosnirons.
2 Should: ine due: x. 4641 : : ;
— possible, -
— ው ኣባ. apporisuas- An

. Border — ey id —
garden. planis; ክኛ avails eme sites a NE E-
4 — I vutices a are. Y Beautiful — Furgishedt "ሎቪክ: poling - ze Tiia vut * for batitiug: - eI thc EAT
patiy summer and maké dolightfut- 999998 —hé 158: should - then she died déc 908: Tpi CRE OPP tegira for Kieler ase የቅ” xe
for smal) beds 16. "Ws su - garden te ate aytga dde - dax day 1 Beon ll peta £ i Up PARES Wifi DLE በ1188 de Tti #3. san 65%. qi ሚሚ
edginga axaruzside 328158. Pipes fit diis pietek- Where: aed apider ie pinnt pie "oPonVPIORRE © Oy በ0 89.7 ered? ufi die |
fhe upper. part, üt. the: durowtha- drüwn rnm ነጅ: Foliage. Wives tho | Bayes a 8664. 098962 — fares preserving, ‹ቭ፻. thst berries: pre TRE
"their: shosth; takar nàw nr “dating. ths mn an. Viscera cof. “supini Ot 188. 609/0618. - ከ0፡1[:24. das Hessert. dhey- 5ከ,61419 | de- thinned ይራ ያና
jM week ar cpu 41. root freely dns casui ይር፤ 89 yit - Cyaporiser. ^q he: "sulphur. Hames 986410 Bp m ያርብ ቂኗ Toss sad vistid- ju: othe: LABS". pt ‘these |
...-118.ቤ ከ88 ዐኮ 1(8ክ1-1፪ፌኳካኪ.-. herb ther Sc m weh qur “art um iM PE, eS Aper antended. bm vxhibitinug. © ሻት. thie: ‘Husted: dake
os ከ95. ህህ CANIS. wd: (nee “BB Mey ne able t pcdes epe den gad onu. — 3 ky den matched: — ainame, he muse BE.

on pe 1፡68. ay መት ። ከ
፤ promote, ህ. ከሀድ. Ae zn

is Early Peach. d. Node "Hanes. Whea *
the last. nuits are picked from > the earbest ^
dun 63, the latter should be. pruned: Januied ከ45) Terk
4 order that the fruiting” woud for next

aison’s crop. may ከ6 Xhoreuglits- vrponed -
fut ont 81 supertigaus.- growrlis $

he Seppo ok: ‘Gaver FAS
: Palos phin: dide Urs 05

፣ E "ha — foe”
xii tton = fer s ath’ fhe. dt nes 0641.
gave hac: E pie uty: ok “ater. ho. 2861

እ

5 is ስባ | ያ ኔክ sheets. mist ^

of m

i Ne mAY- be: made

. Affe

jme — etum sewing ihe sends. VES
T uw. Andtlier owing. pi Renner. 2 =

nae pend thes sepplies of. Noung. 898.

* he ስህ yoki. me One የ ovr

Dex 29. 3895...
- Hia — "andi: b lane ገ d i
watered = Wah- for > phe prosme 5t umano a

d. 58, and American. qddew i.
16% puts in at- appeiránga: dare ———
— nts ‘thie young growths «eed inibi
ben que do cthe fnis and ©
planis Hecate: ith Bordeaux y 81850 |

y

2
** fait et iG ^u m

TUE KITCHEN GARDEN.

Vou ide i A iau Y? zd

m 8. Punch. Gardener to: ihe. Hon. Mns. Aries. |

Polesden Lacy: ^ Ra

— eating | ron |
aheuld | sense dabant the . SER "of ..:ሂከ8: ..
; month, dwing io ' tie: ee «809816. being: |

mada so. inte this season»

ben cut up. fe thik. date,
> would. Ber given fhe ‘roots do.

^cakings: ‘eat: Haiii Ma HON: | Where > the
Ate. aitusied it an exposed’ positian; -
2 strangest: - Arwe. dte — biawi Bbouk.
“high wida, and it is therefan:: — isuble
cce
| femi. ETAT.

ከሕ — “opia ` rawi,”

‘end i tying -

ተር © Attention. : "Popsdress. thre

"Mta ፡ pug pianta: wo ihi ከጠ
— dry oor attacks ont ceed Spider will
dervals. wi

greatly. assist,

488
^ — 59 the stimulant at,’

etapi

Noho wak, by: COPIOUS | watopitide:

Dipin bbe. plants 86 8068 Mex

ng ready: dor puiting
po be: tlenred: GF arhi "vegetables. 5c X

` Cabbage.- SEE ia: gronnd. from. whieh, Busine ES
mbbages lave been vut de nnt. deguwed für. 0o
"tbi. Prop. M. wall : ተከል t dleavecthe 05x
ዲገ 86611: heels, Waa ra ogee
PI mar, dec ent Tater From beds: that: figire —
the hede RTE TORS bee ir —
.. whieh: ——
aes appli re aew bairig eut; ሥስ: t Vgabd. hoher
mummn. ያያ ተሣ RIE

“ground beceries | ,#ዚህጸጺሽ!!. ለ ዚስ ለ

ቁሳ
al stig es ilie ra dart hee: Bod:

md weeds

Een (iroja deter | belg: (rom

granny seul. develup dor uae dufnà ©
..:.ኣስ Ba winder. PLUS
ex Tontin ፲5፡ pleat: out Ante! ‘Cabbage plants,

"French. 8ጨ--ር: 361898. e. 168 dawitigs. S DE
፡ T Hiroe- ROM “keap. ap muppar Aa S vr X ua
baci. 5 Sse
borough. ILE.

-o young pods ፲፻ “the ground ©
chant and dey: Rive. Abe: ‘trenuhies Lo

De per A
euna — be wasde. Thie AGWIDR. will

"poda: dt hw fate Autunüc atuk wl verry

. ? + $5 * ^ A
: — rat 1o

— Uni

FOR | NORTHERN. GARDENERS.

Be dax dery£sas, Tisrdener tà: the Kari: ex. LONSDALE,.
QUAE Lowther Tratte Penrith, ‘Westmoreland.

‘Watering Shoni ‘dey weather: | ! oom GTi :
“Wimadiately after. 2611 bia" dat bedding: planta:

= watering: will | be very: necessary. °° The: ymnda

shopid- de ገከፀዩ;ኳዜ ahi ^su Cu rated. wing dua
Bam. du. — Tte: follwing: -
"5667891919: cA Dae ELE dae worked — amonget. a

“the? 29858. COS ቴክ adit (prevent. ‘the i «round.

- emp: erstes, AD d the: dine sil at the snrhaee-

ሰ ANP ቴው: Feta dis TAIRA - 448: ኃየዕአበበኮ ሠ
lore. loni: c peru ESI epost: planti; iC
well Ee be fare: Aids —— (pli bl shot
anky ር 37 unma, vi tbe ^s ህጃናክ! he
a evene. 9ህሺ1 prasad ^x — te
፣ በጠኮፀርጩጩ ርጩ olas obe quésent ke dels

ታሃ tabe. cave de — ges XE ethos Ho weeks:

CN NE draided i asi qii. ‘abe rab eh oe [ኩብ
: omit. ij mis “parts pi igar d. deat ctio, ሀ)
FURENT. (OM: aie iud:

iUd ከ Pee |

THE GARDENERS.

— —

| “መ. thay shouhi ከ5. layored- de. ክቤ -

“ፍክክር. denne: ቦያ ዘ መ ጥን 5.

rue ae 16. — und — —
Amd:
ከ6 co given eoh- o.

route with: X
nod loam: irg: diequent. occasions 4091 never ee
hore fo.”

.Bealing. the roots witb liquid manure ^^

tareas: with ፦ ታቸ
dressing. of artificial የ ው xd. wasting: Koss
eM 1 fmit o
SAM tsi otn
Matured. Another dwing |. — weeds 550
nnd tbe. | ይርፀ1119፪5 "rooght dinis
An. Trap, hát. MH — —

been: ja

tender ^
Or a ;

"Plunge
secure tg: (ፎሮ
by means EI
2፡ titie the TRA
Sain khu ክይዩ::)

“patting BBs dator:
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ently. pix

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stoning. period. |
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CHRONICLE.

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mold ‘imiran ad tbó Jarier kept clise and aarly on favourable ‘mornings, - 510816. the —
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— — ait — d seedlings: - ju "bright days = 2 e
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“From eee
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430 -
NOTES FROM EDINBURGH.

THE ‘warm weather has been of great
value, for at the time of writing (June 11)
the garden is at its best.
experienced during May prevented a good
display of the ‘blossoms of Pyrus and
Prunus, albeit a? few species of the latter
flowered very creditably, particularly Prunus

Avium and P. Pseudo-cerasus, of Lindley,
a somewhat rare plant.
With the advent of congenial weather

there is now a wealth of blossom to which
the hybrid Rhododendrons, the gay Azaleas,
and several species of Cytisus make notable
contributions. Not tho least attractive
feature of the garden is the varied and
beautiful colouring of the young growth of
many trees and shrubs, particularly such
coppery-leaved trees as Prunus Pissardii and
the Copper Beeches, also the dark red and
salmon-pink growths of several Ericaceous
shrubs such 88 -Vaccinum ovatum and Pieris
formosa. DE.

Owing to the bad weather in May the
rock garden is backward and only now are
Aubrietias, Alyssums, -Iberis and Anemones
at their best, and these together with bold
masses of Saxifraga umbrosa and Aquilegias
and Primulas go to make a very fine dis-
play. Of the Primulas the most noteworthy
in flower aro P. chrysopa; P. flexilipes,
which. is a dainty little species with pale
yellow flowers, and hails from South-East
Thibet; and the highly decorative Chinese
P. Veitchii. These, together with a few
species of the capitata section are flowering
in the roek garden, and several Candelabras
serve to decorate the fringes of the pond
us well as parts of the rock garden, the
chief species being P. pulverulenta and P.
japonica. ' i

The Meconopsis haye suffered somewhat
from the recent inclement weather, but have
nevertheless struggled into flower and M.
integrifolia, M. simplicifolia, M. quintupli-
nervia and the. dark blue M. grandis are
the most noteworthy. Of special interest in
the roek garden is a remarkably free-
flowering . group of Cyprped um Calceolus,
which, togethor with C. ventricosum album
is now, alas!, passing, althcugh C. pubescens
still carries on. Another outstanding feature
of the rock-garden are the Celmisias, which
form very handsome decorative plants, both
flowers. and foliage rendering them worthy
of cultivation. C. holosericea, C. viscosa,
and the large-flowered 'C. coriacea are the
best of those now in flower.

Under glass interest centres in the rock
house where Fabiana imbricata is to be
seen with its gracefully arching branches
laden with flowers. An attractive blue-
flowered subject is found in Sphacele cam-
panulata, while the red-flowered Sutherlandia

frutesecns deserves notice. In one corner
there is a little New Zealand plant notable
for its small white flowers; it is Pimelea

longifolia. Opposite is a charming Australian
plant, Hibbertia Readii, and it produces a
mass of yellow flowers. In this house, too,
the pale yellow flowers of Roscoea caut-
leoides a native of Chile, are to be seen.
Iris Hookeri, an interesting member of the

genus coming from North America, is also
in flower.

Passing -tọ the Rhododendron House,
attention is directed to four plants, two of

which are notable for their strong scent.
They are Rosa moschata and Rhododendron
Veitchianum, a Burmese. species. with white
flowers. Rosa moschata is trained up the
the roof in one corner of the house and
the branches allowed to hang down like a
curtain, and these are literally smothered
with the fragrant, although delicate blossoms.

Another interesting climber is Lathyrus
splendens, with pretty pink flowers. The
fourth plant of special interest is Rhodo-

dendron diaprepes, which is about ten feet
high. It is a native of West Yunnan and
has large, white, fragrant flowers.

THE

—- — mis

The heavy rains’

100
‘transplanted into an

GARDENERS

The Cactus House contains Sempervivums
and Gasterias, in flower, together with the

scarlet flowered Phyllocactus Thalia and-
Cereus speciosissimus. i
Pelargoniums, Calceolarias and Primula

obconica form the chief attraction in the
Centre House, and Senecio Moorei and S.
glassifolius are two highly decorative species
also represented. In this house particular
attention is drawn to Protea cynaroides ; the
plant has at last opened its flower head, which
is largo and formed at the apex of the
shoot. Prostanthera lasianthos is also in
flower; it is a tree reaching to the top of
the house and fiowers very freely and looks
well. Further along, in the corridor, is a
plant of Datura sanguinea trained to the
wall, its large trumpets, scarlet at the tip,
being produced all over the plant, thus
creating a most attractive feature.

In tho tropical houses the curious but
nevertheless handsome Gurania malacophylla
may be seon. It is a member of the
Cucurbitaccae and is covered with long, silky
hairs. Male and female flowers are pro-
duced on the same plant from the axils of
the leaves, and they are of a red colour.
Another interesting subject that flowered
recently is Passiflora violacea, which is
remarkable not only for the exceedingly
handsome blooms which it produces on
fairly long stems, but also for its pleasant
scent. On a realy warm day, however,
when there are & large number of flowers
open, the fragrance is apt to become rather
overpowering. Robert H. Jeffers, Royal
Botanic Garden, Edinburgh.

GARDEN NOTES FROM SOUTH-WEST
SCOTLAND.

Two specics of Hydrangea which ara not
often to be seen in private collections are
well worthy of the attention of amateurs.
The first of these, H. vestita, was introduced
from the Himalayas in 1821. I do not
remember whence it was brought here, but
we planted it in the flower garden some
thirty or forty years ago, whence, having grown
big for its boots, so to speak, it was
adjacent wood. There
it was forgotten and got crowded up with
forest trees, until I chanced to come upon
it two or three years ago, and, finding it
well over twenty feet high, had the ground
cleared, giving it air and light. It is a
handsome shrub or small tree, with narrow,
ovate leaves six inches to eight inches long,
and in late summer decks itself with broad, flat
corymbs of fertile flowers surrounded by white
sterile ones, averaging an inch in breadth.
Mr. Bean describes this species as neither
so hardy nor so useful as H. Bretschneideri,
a closely allied species from China, but that
shrub lacks the commanding stature of H.
vestita which distinguishes it among all
others of the genus, so far as known to
me.

The other Hydrangea which seems specially

worthy of attention is H. villosa, one of
Mr. E. H. Wilson's Chinese prizes, if 1
mistake not. I have seen it only in Mr.

McDouall’s garden at Logan, where there is
a bank clothed with it, a beautiful sight
in late summer and autumn when covered
with corymbs of pink, lavender or pale
blue flowers. The leaves are ovate-lanceolate,
six to eight inches long, downy and
deciduous. The bushes at Logan grow to a
height of seven feet. The species is quite
hardy on our west coast and is easily
raised from seed.

In a garden
somewhat at

where

plants are placed
random it

is wcl to note

chance combinations of colour with a view
to re-arranging the border. The hue of
Hippeastrum (Habranthus) pratense being

such an intense orange-vermilion, it is most
apt to clash excruciatingly with other
flowers; but place alongside of it a good

CHRONICLE.

June 20, 1925.

clump of Cynoglossum nervosum and ‘the
splendour of the blooms of both will be
vastly enhanced. Another good neighbour
for this flaming Chilian is Iris florentina,
whereof the cool white flowers contrast
admirably with the fiery glow of the other..

In the matter of colour, if the figure of
Rhododendron glischrum in the Botanical
Magazine, tab. 9035, is true to the original.
then that species must be very variable in
hue. Two of our plants have flowered here,
neither of which showed any tinge of the
disagreeable magenta shown in the plate.
Before opening, the flower buds on our
plants were bright carmine, changing to pink
and white on expanding. The colour effect
was Apple-blossom. This is the more remark-
able inasmuch as our plants were received
in a gift from Mr. J. C. Williams who
supplied the original of the plate in the
Botanical Magazine. Presumably all these
came from th» same batch of seedlings. 1
think R. glischrum is likely to prove a

valuable plant in this country. It is a
strong and rapid grower, but bhas the
desirable quality of starting very late in

growth, and its foliage is handsomer than
that of its near ally—R. habrotrichum.

Among the innumerable failures which, in
common with every amateur I have had to
encounter, must be reckoned that brilliant
native of the Island of Chiloe—Ourisia
coccinea. l

Plant it in shady corners is the pre-
scription of authorities in such matters; to
which one writer adds, “a hot, dry and
exposed position is generally fatal to it.”
Well, I followed this counsel scrupulously,
not once or twice, but times without
number, always with the same dismal
result —death, sometimes lingering, at other
times swift. What was my surprise, ther--
fore, a few days ago to find this coy herb
fairly ramping in the garden of a near
neighbour. :“ Shady corners’’—not a bit of
it! Here and there it was in full scarlet
bloom through an open, sunny border, and
actually overflowing into gravelled paths. 1
bore away a liberal clump of it,, perhaps to
court failure again. Reginald Farrer charac-
teristically describes his experience with this
capricious plant, very similar to my own,
but in the end he had it ‘ creep-creeping
about with indomitable robustness," the fat,
fleshy shoots ‘‘now trailing over and over
each other on the level, and then shinning

up the bare rocks to find fresh fields." (My
Rock Garden, page 270).
No doubt many of your readers have

noticed the powerful odour exhaled from the
young foliage of Davidia involucrata. Flam-
ing June having this year re-asserted its
claim to that title the scent is unusually
powerful, and in the prevailing calm air is
diffused. to a great distance, being plainly
perceptible at a distance of thi y or forty
yards. lt 18 not unpleasant, somewhat like scent
of Eucalyptus, but one may imagine that the
atmosphere in a grove of Davidia might
be rather overpowering. Herbert Maxwell,
Monretth.

TREES AND SHRUBS. -

OLEARIA STELLULATA.

COMPARED with the better known 0.
Haastii this is a species of considerably
more merit as a flowering shrub. It may
not be so robust as th» foregoing. but it
has a more pleasing habit, the imdividuul
flowers (often over one inch across), borne
in dense corymbs during May and June.
are a good, clear white with a small
yellow eye and they are produced in such
abundance that the whole shrub becomes
enveloped in them.

O. stellulata is frequently found in gardens
under the name of O. Gunniana. We have found
it quite as hardy as O. Haastii in. our light.
gritty soil, and, being of slow growth, it
makes a good rock garden shrub. J.

1825--

ores — እ ደፈሩ ፈድ

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proportions. d the thandthus, ‘shown. an . MA
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RHODODENDBON. As ALOEHYTEAM.
— hindeemesTeovisd: : D veesrtiv eda m
i vàlopiytuti የከፍ subject x éP 68. ——
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'4. SELECTION. E AMERICAN WILLOWS.

wale ከከ from pages 3);
EA — stern shrub- Comet with: 68

—

486. White Qoa y n Nuw Hampshire MS s
Ue qüsdtobüt pepe > ehipeophyi[a) z- 108 ዒዱ
Aa forts want: vee Labrador | amd the:

Hudyu Bay, wheue it alten: beromos a very -
“lew: cabe ፡፲6. '፡. Jspiesenied. ain the. -wêst
by: vars mya fayn- ;ጹ.. tomoa) ftaro- the ——
California. Pg ne A

CAD these: Porrns -uesd de closer “stud sido >.

“the fully grown —
‘the shoots mre densely selothed
beneath; witit à; f. shiping, silky nubes

BEBRRDUAE E S ...

Hi , mu — 8 —
7. x X. —— oe

E ን for. Satradchion- A —
8811 TEN -Sibuoetulca:: Thes fret andes <>
Species. 8፡1. “the "North West;
illita 88 fear cum the - Enst from
Wi inii E xm owkeuüdlapd- and Vermont: '
É E en tiroe Willows are

——

——— — |

ceni ` 2i
x The | — — i8 the Lake group. E
E AD: "fO", mention. A E ን ,845:0:165.,. NC

ype Dart heey
it (Pty ፻ potum and Chndsüme- s7

Amd. Montana: . —— iteliensis 19 -
"vécu fee]. ^. byi- 16- “Thales .füewers s e

possessing ‘only :0ሀ6 panen Bid by Dae —

“pobescence”’ ub “ower. saric

Judah. |

432

In cultivation I have met with this hand-
some Willow only in the Arnold Arboretum.
It is quite hardy and forms upright shrubs
with slender, erect branches up to almost
4 metres in height. Bailey states that the
characteristic lustre of the leaves is preserved
in cultivation. In California it is represented
by S. Coulteri, a fine species with a much
more woolly, felt-like tomentum.

There are many other American Willows
that could be mentioned, but even of those
I have dealt with very large numbers are
still entirely unknown to our gardeners and
to the European amateurs of Salix. I desire
to induce as many friends of Willows as
possible to take a keen interest in these
American species of Salix, which may easily
be introduced in our collections, and of
which a great many would be valuable
additions to our rock gardens and shrubberies.
Camillo Schneider.

A—— —— — ው — ዘክ መው a ee

INDOOR PLANTS.

BERTOLONIA AND SONERILA.
THESE exotic plants are unquestionably
amongst the most exquisitely pretty and

daintily, marked foliage plants grown. They
are eultivated for their beautiful foliage alone.
Their habit is very dwarf. and extremely
beautiful colourings and markings are displayed
in every leaf. Some are spotted, splashed,
und = mottled with rosy-crimson and others
with soft pink and silvery-white, which make
them quite distinct from any other class cf
plant.

They require a warm, moist atmosphere,
and are best grown in well-drained pans
plunged in Sphagnum moss, which provides
ዜ certain amount of moisture which is beneficial
to the plants. They thrive well in gentle
moist heat but do not require excessive
warmth. If there is a difficulty in maintaining
sufficient heat and moisture through the
house being too airy and large, the best
plan is to grow them in a small case or
handlight with slight bottom heat, propping
the lights up at the back about an inch,
and taking them off entirely for about
an hour every morning, to allow the extra
moisture to evaporate should the foliage get
too moist, and to prevent the plants from
getting weak and drawn. Do not syringe
the foliage as it may get too damp, when
it would be liable to decay; the plants
should obtain sufficient moisture from the
dampness in the case or handlight.

Shade the plants from the bright rays of
the sun. During dull weather they should
be watered with care. and be careful not to
allow the water to remain on the foliage,
otherwise it will disfigure the leaves by
causing them to become spotted. In the
autumn and winter give the plants just
sufficient water to prevent them from shrivelling.

Both the Bertolonia and the Sonerila are
propagated easily from cuttings in the spring
and summer. If the plants have grown long
and leggy and lost all the bottom foliage,
the top may be taken off. put into a
small pot, and placed in a close handlight
or frame with a fair amount of bottom heat.
Such cuttings will soon form roots. and
when rooted may be hardened off gradually.
and later shifted into larger pots. For this
potting use & mixture of good chopped, fibrous
peat, a small quantity of light loam, Sphagnum
moss, a little charcoal. and silver sand. Well
drain the pots with good clean crocks. On
no account should these plants be over-potted
as they do not require much pot room.

The old stock plants, after the tops have
been taken off, will develop young shoots
at the base, and 80 soon as these growths
are strong enough they may be used as
euttings. Insert them in small pots and root
them in a handlight with bottom heat.

The plants when established may be used
in many wavs for all kinds of indoor decora.
tions, and are invaluable for brightening

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE

exhibition groups, but the specimens must be
well hardened before exposure in this way
by admitting more air to the frames, or, if
the house is quite suitable. they may ከ6
stood amongst the general collection of planta.
The foliage will stand well if properly
hardened. E
A few pans of these beautiful plants are
very attractive; a few of the best varieties
of Bertolonias are Madame Van Houtte,
Madame Edward Pynaert. Leon Say, Madame
Van Geert, Madame A. Bleu, rosea guttata.
Madame De la Devansaye, and Souvenir de
Gand. These are a great improvement on
the species that have been introduced from
time to time. mostly from Brazil; the
best garden species are B. guttata, B.
superbissima. B. marmorata, and B. maculata.
Sonerila is allied to Bertolonia and the
genus comprises a number of very pretty,
dwarf, compact-growing foliage plants, which
ure a great addition to the dwarf. variegated
plants required for the warm conservatory
or for filling small vases for indoor decoration.
The foliage is not quite so tender as that
of the Bertolonia, therefore, these plants will
grow freely in a lower temperature—from 60'
to 05". The leaves are bright green above.
with circular white margaritaceous spots evenly
distributed over the surface, which make
them bright and attractive for all kinds of
decorations. The flowers are. as a rule, small
and inconspicuous, therefore, the inflorescences
should be removed so soon as they appear:
this treatment will assist the colouring of
the leaves. which is the chief attraction in
these charming and beautiful subjecta.
Thorough drainage, clean pots and crocks
are essential] to success. Great care should
be taken in watering the plants during dull.
cold weather. A few of the best Sonerilas
to cultivate are S. margaritacea, S. argentea,
5. superba, S. grandiflora. and S. laeta. The
last is a very pretty, dwarf species from
Southern China, a useful addition to this
class of plants; it grows freely in a lower
tamperature than the East Indian Sonerilas.
John Heal, V.M.H.

THE ROSE GARDEN.

REDUCTION OF VARIETIES.

Most trade growers, I believe, when the
sule season is nearing the end, find them-
selves burdened with the residuum, more or
less, and to get rid of this the plants may
be sold cheaply, given away, or burned;
the last circumstance being the fate of not

a few. This is waste which might be pre-
vented, provided growers paid greater
attention to the varieties they propagate.

The season is opportune for discussing the
matter, with budding time near, and those
interested might do worse than give their
opinions as to the best selling varieties of Roses
in the pages of The Gardeners’ Chronicle.
Growers form associations to try to find
means of fighting foreign competition, and
as some of us may think, to keep up the
prices as well; they try to help each other
in such items, and why not, therefore, in
cultural methods, the choice of good varieties
being one of them. Some cultivators may ask,
Why should we give up our knowledge to
others? But why not? As remarked, there
is no objection to exchanging notes in
connection with foreign competition, and it
appears to me there is an excellent way in
trying to produce the saleable article better
and, if possible, cheaper. All this in paesing.
There is nothing permanent in respect to
varieties of Roses. Some of us are old

enough to remember, for example, the
hybrid-perpetuals, so-called, as the pre-
dominant class; but to-day if a grower

continued to propagate these to any extent
he would find littl demand. Similarly.
the Tea-scented varieties; this class is fast
on the down grade of popularity. Both
have been killed by the modern hybrids.

JUNE 20, 1925.

Probably there are less. than a dozen
varieties in the two sections worth per-
petuating in these times: the rest would
only be contributing to the residuum for
the bonfre.

. Careful selection is needed among varieties
of the more popular classes: one sort may
be wanted for a time. and is then super.
seded by another. and so on through the
seasons. One would not like to state that
there arc tco many new varieties introduced ; 1 do
not think there are, and a wise grower should
deal freely with these, but at the same
time they should not be reproduced without
much discrimination.

I venture to skim through the list of
varieties and: note failings or otherwise,
giving. of course, only my own impressions.
I hava no feeling in the matter and write
as a lover of Roses.

Dealing first with the great division of
hybrids. in which for this purpose Pernetianas
wil be included, there are: — Admiration,
excellent ; America, disappointing ; Annie Laurie,
not distinct enough; Augustus Hartmann, useful ;
Betty Uprichard, a superb variety; Caroline
Testout, a standard pink; Clarice Goodacre.
worth growing ; Columbia, only fair in the
open; Cynthia Forde, worth a place; Edal.
good for “show”; Emma Wright, first-rate :
Etoile de Hollande, good: Frances Gaunt,
nice; General McArthur, a standard mort:
Golden Emblem, one of the best: Gruss
an Teplitz. has its uses; Hawlmark Crimson.
fine for massing; Henrietta, effective; Hor-
tulanus Budde, good colour; Innocence,
bedder; Isobel. capital single; K. of K.,
effective bedder: Lady Alice Stanley, worthy :
Lady Inehiquin. fair; Lady Hillingdon, first
rate; Lady Pirrie, good; Lord Charlemont.
a likely crimson; Los Angeles, a grand
variety; Lauria, a likely thing; Mabel
Morse, superb for colour; Mme. Abel
Chatenay, a standard variety; Mme. But.
terfly, not distinct in the open; Margaret
Dickson Hamill, quite good; Miss Willmott.
pretty ; Mrs. Beckwith, promising; Mrs. C. V.
Haworth, deserving; Mrs. George Shawyer.
noble; Mrs. Henry Bowles, a capital variety ;
Mrs. Henry Morse, has first-rate qualities:
Mrs. Herbert Stevens, excellent; Mrs. Red-
ford. good colour; Mrs. Wemyss Quinn,
quite good; Nellie Parker, a likely variety:
Ophelia, a standard kind; Pax, should be
grown; Rev. F. Page. Roberts, fair; Rich-
mond, a good red; Ruth, should be better
known; Souvenir de Claudius Pernet, too
uncertain; Souvenir de Georges Pernet, a
capital varisty; The General, worth a place;
The Queen Alexandra, distinct; and William
F. Dreer, charming.

New Roses that have taken my fancy
include Margaret MeGredy, Shot Silk, Mrs.
E. J. Hudson, and in a less degree Marcia

Stanhope. The last-named may never ap-
proach the peerless white Frau Karl
Druschki.

The dwarf-growing polyantha varieties ar
scarcely likely to be overdone; more es-
pecially Orleans, or any form of it. I like
La Reine Elizabeth for its rich colouring.

Climbing or rambling kinds that please
ure American Pillar, Excelsa, Havering
Rambler, Jersey Beauty, Mermaid, , Hiawatha.
Paul’s Scarlet Climber, The Beacon, William
Allan Richardson, and Star of Persia, the last
being umong the new ones of merit.

Exhibition Roses, as we used to under-
stand them, with large, handsome blooms.
without a thought of the habit of the
plant, are possibly not worth catering for
in these times; general merit is the desire.

and here those who at times may be
engaged in making a report of an exhi-
bition have a chance of noting how

few are the striking kinds. These have to
be named, in passing from one exhibit to
another. with almost tiring monotony. Simi-
larly, in passing through the lines of plants
in nurseries. it is the few which are retained
in the memory after the visit is over. [!
is well, therefore, to concentrate upon that
limited number.

Jus 20, 1925. | THE GARDENERS

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any ordinary machine and it simply fo-
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- The *Gavernar’ carries a most cont. ;
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no better motor mower than the'Governor’
~ correct in principle — efficientin service.

You our Motor Mower MUST be water-cooled.
3 oe a “ጄ works while you ‘walk,’ —

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— ⸗ — —— A ኣይ eh —

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from 88 1885 .- bos t

Large Uiintraten 8)6)6ሂህጻ Ro, 167 posi fras.

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Und s Coated Book er NOW
uio ll send: yc Gui.

"Govemor Qr wo S
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— —

NOTABLE GARDENS |

. filled with treaaures (roni almost every clinte have bar,
d De yer 16፡1. by hake ow fers whoknew ላነ hui and where 1 plani. ;

DORS iT apecintit’ys às

"^ trum. ':ከ1ሀ., 39138, America. the:
Coloutes:

NM i GAUNTLETT s. Eth. o
* — EBE NURSERIES, CHIDDINGEOLD,

LXSRUH SAVERS: "WM EKA^ Le sentis darc TAE 28: '

CoRR Pee SETS EN Fakes Sera Ts baeo UC Perg MCAS |
(iz os See, Ae (ዘሄሄ፣ PLE Ae. OUR Mixta. rion. nec Dv wed
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Hardy Plants worth growing je

Hinvilaris. md dae.

summev | ይለም

| glorious. riot of colour. as
| o reward dor weeks of careful -
| 3 pending... os HOW infested |
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$ “Green: Hy —
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NSECTICIDES Beano

vi. zd — THE. GARDENERS CH BONICLE,

FOR , GLASS
OR RÜCT URES
that require
| ጩህ Sbadiog -

ELLIOTT'S -

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38: finis Bs ed “ቸል Stade; 3/6. snd 3/- each
MS by. ር — — Sed sme d ànd, Florists

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—— Lehre, Paddocks Meu,
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COMI 'QUND C AAF EXTRACT

“The. nost effective: and. economical. Insecticide. manufactured,
፡ Qosteuye — — Mildew. and all Insect pests:

X : S used upon. RUE plants: Suithout the slightest. risk. of

ater n ue sediment. to impede Sprayer nr eee HE

C INVALUABLE FOR — ROSES, CHRYSANTHEMUMS, Ete.

Handeeds- ‘af. ‘thousands. a. pur. of dene wash mede ot. this is Es xtract used.
— for Over: id years. UNS : :
መ ሀ i E gin).

E: gall. Us qul. Bigs $ E
— — order’ ang. CADRES.

Sole Manufacturers: É

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4 JOSEPH BENTLEY, ui, Chemical Works, Barrow-on Humber, Hl. 1. &

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“The Royal Nurseries, E
Established HM 2 Matstone.

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STOVE & GREENHOUSE PLANTS

፣ ለየክቨጸጨ Crotees,. Caladicsne, Dracsents, mic. ali
—— af Foliage, Flowering: & Ste biog: — 3
TM [በይ gd mean thia — (5 ‘he winds,

እ D.

June 20, 1925.

A grower of a hundred thousand plants
say, will at lilting time. be in a stronger
position with a limited list of varieties, all
carefully thought out as likely sellers, than
one with the same number of plants in
endless variety, many of which are not
likely to be asked for.

It is not claimed for the above list of
names that additions cannot well be made.
If, indeed, half as many again be added,
or for that matter an equal number, even
then the collection would not be bulky, but
I would suggest a free use of the pruning
knife in cutting down the lengthy printed
lists that obtain. H. S., Woking.

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY'S
GENERAL EXAMINATION IN
HORTICULTURE.

Marcu 25TH, 1925.

SENIORS.

ONE-HUNDRED-AND-TWENTY-FOUR candidates
were examined, and of these fourteen were
placed in the first class, thirty-three in
the second, and thirty-four in the third,
leaving forty-three who failed to satisfy the
examiners.

The examiners r3port that the general
standard of the answers showed a marked
improvement on that of last year. A very
fair proportion of the candidates showed
good knowledge of the elementary botanical
principles underlying the processes of horti-
culture, but a minority either had not
appreciated the standard of knowledge
required or were inadequately prepared for
the examination.

Questions seven and eight brought some
good answers, but candidates should be
more careful to study the exact wording of
the questions set, as they frequently lose
marks by misreading the questions. Very
few candidates showed good knowledge of
the vegetable question, and the examiners
wish to impress on intending candidates the
importance of studying the successional
cropping of vegetables.

JUNIORS.

Of the twenty-one candidates who were
examined, six failed, and of the others,
seven were placed in the first class, four in
the second, and four in the third.

The examiners report that the answers of
the majority of candidates left much room
for improvement, the general standard being
poor and showing a lack of education. A
few of the answers were good, but it 1s
noteworthy that the only purely botanical
question in the paper was avoided by all
but two candidates, and that there is a
bias in favour of physiology, wMich is
natural and perhaps desirable.

Many candidates, when answering the
question on root-pruning of fruit trees,
apparently did not realise the importance of
taking the utmost care of the fibrous roots,
but simply advised taking out a trench and
cutting all the roots which they came across.
Other answers on pruning showed a lack of
observation of the different ways in which
fruit trees bear their crops. Simple obser-
vations of this kind should be within the
scope of anyone employed in practical
horticulture.

SENIORS.

Class 1.—1, Miss G. M. Roberts, Studley

College, Warwickshire; 2, Miss K. M. White,
Old Henwick Farm, Newbury; 3, M. H.
Moore, Wantage Hall, Heading; 4, Miss D.

Sunderland, Studley College; 5, D. Crosland,

New House, Outland, Huddersfield; 6, Miss
C. E. Fisher, Studley College, and E. A.

Garrett, The Lawn Gardens, Swindon; 8,
Miss H. Thursfield. Studley College, W. 9;
L. Holden, 23, St. Mary's Cottages, Merton

THE GARDENERS’

` and

Park, S.W., and Miss D. L. Haley, Studley
College; 11, A. S. Clements, R.H.S. Gardens,
Wisley, and Miss K. M. Mills, Walmoor
College, Chester; 13, Miss J. Emery and
Miss F. Pooley, Studley College.

Class 2.—1, M. Sefton, R.H.S. Gardens,
Wisley; 2, Miss V. Walton, Dunmore,
Lansdowne Road, Hove; A. R. Fowler,
R.H.S. Gardens, Wisley; F. C. S. M.

Robinson, R.H.S. Gardens, Wisley ; and Miss
H. Sand, School of Gardening, Clapham,
Worthing; 6, G. B. Begg. Midland Counties
College, Sutton Bonington, and Miss J. M.
Lewis. Studley College; 8, L. Dufton and
A. Lundy, Midland Counties College, Sutton
Bonnington; Miss R. E. Yates, Studley
College: G. E. Hindley and E. V. Roe,
R.H.S. Gardens, Wisley; 13, S. A. Goodliffe,
R.H.S. Gardens, Wisley. and Miss W. Davey,
Studley College; 15, E. W. Mercer, Berks
and Bucks Joint Sanatorium, Peppard, Oxon,
Miss J. F. M. Carter, Canal Hill
Nurseries, Tiverton, Devon; 17. Miss J. G.
Lievin-Bauwers, Studley College; 18, Miss E.
Heaven, Appleshaw. Pyrford, Surrey. and
R. G. Rutherford, R.H.S. Gardens, Wisley ;
20, Miss E. R. Osborne, Garden House,
Middle Hill Park, Broadway; J. W. Breed,
Hipswell. Richmond, Yorks; Miss A. M. M.
Brown, Studley College; C. E. Daniels and
E. J. Reéd, R.H.S. Gardens, Wisley; 25,
R. J. Garner, Wantage Hall, Reading ; Miss
E. M. Baxford and Miss B. E. Burstow,
Studley College; 28, Miss C. M. Herbert-
Smith, Old Henwick Farm, Newbury; H.
W. Wearing, Haverbreaks Lodge, Lancaster,
and J. H. Lock, R.H.S. Gardens, Wisley ;
31, Miss P. A. Martin, 53, Albion Place,
Reading; Miss E. L. Whitworth, Studley
College; and E. C. Wilcockson, R.H.S.
Gardens, Wisley.

Class 3.—1, P. Clare, 02, Lindum Avenue,
Lincoln, and D. Mackenzie, R.H.S. Gardens,
Wisley; 3, L. R. Astley, Dunnikier Gardens,
Kircaldy; K. McCready, Aldenham House
Gardens, Elstree; G. Cottrill and W. H.
Fentiman, R.H.S. Gardens, Wisley; 7, L. W.

Rowley, 73, London Road, Reading; G.
Soane, University College, Reading; E. 8.
Littlejohn, Midland Place, Liphook, Hants ;

Q. McC. Craig, R.H.S. Gardens, Wisley; and
Miss L. M. Heap, Walmoor College, Chester ;
12, A. Turner, 80, Botanic Avenue, Glasnevin,
Dublin; 13, P. Robertshaw, Boys’ School.
Offerton, Stockport, and L. A. Bailey, R.H.S,
Gardens, Wisley; 15, E. Hilton, 29, South
King Street, Blackpool; and C. J. Coe, 15,
Marl Street, York Road, Wandsworth, S.W. ;
17, N. H. Morrison, 6, South Oxford Street,

Edinburgh; and R. E. Eastwood, Herne
Road, Ditton Hill, Surbiton; 19, E. Smith,

The Lodge, Hawhill Public Park, Normanton ;
and Miss E. Ram, Downe House, Downe,
Kent; 21, C. G. Agate, 89, Gloucester Road,
Kew; 22, J. F. Harness, 4, The Rush,
Merton Park, $.W.19; 23, Miss M. C.
Jespers, Studley College; and E. Parker,
Barton St. David, Taunton, Scmerset: 25,
G. Dicks, Glanrhyd Nursery, Gorslas,
Llanelly; and Miss F. Netherwood, 19,
The Rydings, Beighton, Huddersfield ; 27, H.
Welsh, 32, Malmesbury Road, Coborn Road,
Bow, E.3; R. H. Bishop and L. 8.
Creasey, R.H.S. Gardens, Wisley; 30. Miss
M. Mercer, 75, Marine Parade, Worthing ;
31, H. J. Rixon, Hartford Agricultural
Institute, Oaklands, St. Albans; E. ነኛ.
Studley, 47, Napier Road, Isleworth; J. F.
Thomas, 27, Ruislip Street, Upper Tooting,
S.W.17; and W. H. Scorer, R.H.S. Gardens,

Wisley.
JUNIORS.

Class l1.—1, Miss M. Watson, Studley
College; 2, John Ivison, University College,
Reading; 3. Miss M. Hopkyns, Studley
College; 4, H. T. Skinner, R.H.S. Gardens,
Wisley; 5, J. N. Cusson, Kirton Agricul-

tural Institute, Boston: 6, C. W. Long, and
7, L. Telfer, R.H.S. Gardens. Wisley.

Class 2.—1, Miss I. H. Headridge, Walmoor
College, Chester; 2, J. E. Morrison. Broughton,
Lechlade, Glos.: 3, J. Etehes, Herts. Insti-

CHRONICLE.

433

tute of Agriculture, St. Albans; 4, Miss E.
Rickards, The Poplars, Boxmoor, Herts.

Class 3.—1, F. L. Simmonds, Ivy Villa,
Hursley Road, Chandlersford; 2, J. E.
Wilding. Heaton Park, Manchester; 3, J.
Bruce, The Castle Gardens, Alnwick, Northum-
berland; 4, R. Erskine, Houston Head.
Houston-by -Johnstone.

መ — —— —

CULTURAL MEMORANDA.

ON WATERING.

WATERING is one of the most important
operations in connection with the cultivation
of plants. Rain water should always be
used where available. Too much importance
cannot be given to tho storage of water
collected by the roofs of glasshouses and
other buildings. Tha cause of sickly plants
is often due to the use of hard water,

which contains injurious mineral deposits.
Water from wells or mains should be
allowed to become thoroughly aérated and

warmed before being used.

The soil in seed-pots and pans should be
moistened by immersing the receptacles in a
vessel containing tepid water before the seed is
sown. Tender seedlings require special care.
Some seedlings must not be watered over-
head, especially when the young plants are
crowded, or “damping” will ensue.

Before potting plants the roots should ከ6
in a mcist condition. Heavy watering of
plants immediately after they have been

transferred to larger pots should be guarded
against. Exception to this mule may be
necessary during very hot weather and when
dealing with well rooted, hardy subjects.
When the practice of spraying overhead
is adopted the surface soil will often appear
moist whilst the bulk of the soil is dry.
During the summer the regular routine of
watering should be undertaken during the
afternoons. [In winter, watering should be
undertaken during the forenoon. There will,
of course, be exceptions to this rule, es-
pecially on hot days during the summer
when plants such as Chrysanthemums may

need attention several times during the
twenty-four hours. —
Cuttings in propagating cases often fail

owing to the rooting medium becoming too
dry. The practice of sprinkling the foliage
gives a false impression of moisture; a close
examination 18 necessary.

Salad plants require abundant moisture
to promote succulent growth. Transplanted
seedlings should be watered before they
suffer from dryness. The germination of
seeds during periods of drought may be
he!lped by watering the drills previous to
sowing. The value of hoeing between es-

tablished crops cannot be over-estimated. A
fine tilth conserves the soil moisture. When
water is applied to crops tho stirring of the

soil should follow immediately. Much harm
is done to crops when water is poured
directly upon tho stems cf the plants. Peas
should have the soil between the rows

thoroughly sonked. The practice of mulching
with half-decayed manure, lawn grass, or
leaves should be followed in preference to
constant watering.

Late-planted trees and shrubs, and es-
pecially specimen evergreens, require attention
during dry periods. Tha evergreens may be
sprayed overhead during the evenings. Wall
trees and climbers need copious supplies of
water during the summer. Tennis lawns and
greens, used for games, should always be
watered during the evening. Where the
garden hose is brought into use for con-
veying the water direct to the crops care
must be taken that the force of the water
is not too great. Established trecs may be
afforded water through a hose, the end of
which may be placed on a board, for this
will prevent the washing away of the soil.
C. Ruse, The Hyde Gardens, near Luton,

| nC ghenaet
i Cuir corre

p camp. in. the: MERE 3፡8

ORD, 2

ta Apal 4. MAY # —— — 8; Ave:

ረ : THE GA HDENERS | CHRONIC LE. dese A dn
ሯጩ wwe ^ በር: — — : tween ees d randi Bye zaul: 191658 ን ክላ ተአ ——
| | EDITORIAL NO TIDES. — “በ2. "ies ክሃክዚ)ዚበክ።. . — epe niei quet.- 23: up- oue.
ADVERTISEMENTS | akould be ment 50 mo thie other Hom- het pss. "ቸክ And. MAT በጩክ ከ5. 5‹97ሀ51. | Ang for. exampli AWER
Caveat | ከሠጀደ52:.. the rucins . Sa WAR E a had places". dde. "Vas

EAE, ——
WRITTEN: ON gy መድን —

Ne a» varly in ine meek
E T UM Cotte. D dare, the

በ) DNE EEE E QUEMA QE

tations othe ጀ Báttors tri be pled ta etb ad da
norm — or denuings enitable for. seni,
«Dp yardens: v af remarkable Bowers. trees, 656., but they
A" cuna ቅሩ Be responsible Jar. logs ur. “ዘራ |
| lente rending A eepapers M.
T ምን Minh m Editor

t Comm — — dy ጄም
Urgent, ቦና bé ዐወ “Gard, oft rt Ham.
telephone, to. Gerrard, 31049 5

Editors. »nd PrubMaher-—Gur. ——— seul:
:: obviate delay in ablatnina answers.
catione, and: save us much 8 and Trouble, à x M
kindly observe the notice printed. weekly to the
aut letters: iy ge ta financial
.ጩ commenicutions: intended far Pet ለክ or referring: |
to the literary department, and. alf plants to be named.
ghoatd be directed lo the: EDITORS. The two departments,
, Putlishiry and — — are distinct, and. much: ach-

M M. eureful ሦ mark

matters and to. — ——

—— ond ponfwsion. — when. ሀ ule

m ;

Lona t Newa,—Coerenyondents wil — ‘oblige —
to. the Hdilors early Tuteiligence: af * erenta t rely to BE

-of interest (ሀ our readers, Be

- Bpeolal Notico. to Correup óndentk.— he- 5496» ሀ.
ሸዬ ጸብ to pay for any ——n አ.) T AMinstratioas, <
wr to return anuged coinminiogtions or iustrotions, ©

à ዳም by.sgeciol usr ngeinent, The Editors do sick hot -
ter — ands nek ደ የ ይች bu.

EY — — —
— —

"MR: E KINGDON

WARD'S”

E EXPEDITION. IN. Su ES

Klis ሇበ 8 WODUBESDRGK. LOS VLAD

x powa ARDS EL
Evo pi 6.

ኾ d. à ner E pud. a
3 ube. > Himalaye: ን
Cwhiéh wae — Very. far, diva,
we ad. Ane range eb amovit
well agde dune ver ^ Hi Raver. vi peach
Our. enpe “ground /00 ihe, “ghitd day: e
Amen. AME: the. — xt NC CEN 4ከ686..

ናሌ T መ

358. sd i — ware. 1657. iden, at About .
106,500 fast y. Pen 86. ሻፍ vaari. bnth VER dt
the - foot pof. A duis avalanche. Bi the pase"
CHEM Here cul በ9. X450. Teet. Thea raids |
Chad- — tepian iod. owas obvions: ihat:
(here — wanid > ba e meas mne: MOURE dar.

forest. tilon

E pm je st t 09. iion ut

ems
Im

lo their enh :

E yo — us orm orina, smil bushy. trys

T. በዚ dh. diver M 64: ;
MI rine: ——

2." Agata ፻

ated five. eather” shorts ant lender need lia;

There alsa. quew ከ

አከበ Shododandeon. tbe:
* Talicnse xad. 8 Trterim"
descphbed ; Phase, ‘However.’ ‹ጻ5፻፲ . Hyver. = A
“titte higher: 3፡8. we njoe. ‘thay Brea. forest;
where’. dh Bigger. daeg "Rhiodpdendrons, - the’
“Grande ando, stecoUh. barked
ህር fourished | ien |

^32

“RO. open;

& Pere
- Poner bcp ta 91. WeibUlas- imd. at olet

%ጸጸ thes path ከ68ሎ, across

—— qund. mud watawa, - Hab. dr iie

Was | impasible
| through. aha :6፡‹ሀ06ሀ191. በ6. to 8878 n ane:
,86፪ qüenidow. ST ug ዓነ ee

& Little: EARI, 68'4ክ
aes e. — 16g

J ‘ascend. Jordy Some 35 500 61: 09891.
ever DP. imacined: - AXES sakon dave
| በዚ: ju. ፻ኮ6ህክ/ክህ' (ከር. pane gs.

The

the:

—

‘However, Ree
— ter: nean: a

። this pea int. A. AREA

rhe | T etilen. py? ጋቡ፡ ሀሀ T ES ከ1. w
| published. AW 09፻' issues 01 A ae k 2 —

AGURE 9, August. 20 ንይ HUM a STONES A AREA:

Wy Qu did. 3

much: n
በ696 Sie
Site EM

^ May. aT, ቋር i323 E

Birch, Papi, Maple,
.ህጩ: ‘Bamboo, waw thickets ef Deuitzia, ene, ጎ
፡: jyompnising - tho
ERPIN ahendy j

Oo Fortune" -

ne

SME " | e; the *
ure ee | Dan. MES
int. aut liig ከ88.

faites Oe

ae HUE ave:

should be addressed to the. PUBLISHER; and that - | በናጸ:፻የ98 |

the: PEKES te onto “pathi Sense te ።

NOME "uec — shallow -
TERS: peo Avar i 2 M a ታክ
ልፎ BEGEER: aul. T m
mondona THR EUM. በጃክ ረመ የ
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mt thip b xo Wax dO Ebro Ww —
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région uc the- tir avalgi ከ6 which
adionded: &n eis m nins This
terest: eat YS z

“Moatehile, - 955.4 ጨጌ
| | happening jh bres nc. Ja EID
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ity opened à Je Bowers bolam ጀጅ
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cud gat se ፲ ee WF Ji

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ነ

436

Reluctantly we turned our backs on the
forest and faced the horrid climb to the
pass. It took us, with halts to mark Rhodo-
dendrons, nearly three hours, and we were
almost frozen by the time we reached the
top. However, we got back to camp at six
o'clock, after ten hours work. We had seen
the Abor jungles, and we have not scen the
last of them yet; I shall have more to say
about that country later. F. Kingdon Ward.

THE GARDEN IN ANTIQUITY.
VIL—MUMMY PLANTS IN ANCIENT

EGYPT.

It would be easy to shirk my prosent task
on the ground that the subject has already
been ably treated, and is still being worked
out by others. I could refer to The Gardeners’
Chronicle for March 14 last (p. 183), where
is to be found a Review of Keimer's Garden
Plants of Olden Egypt, and ask the reader
to accept that in place of a chapter from
myself. But my own,work would thus ከ6
left incomplete, and the line which is followed
in these chapters is quite new and independent,
while the material is inexhaustible. It 18
proposed, therefore, in the present paper, to
take first of all the most recent evidence
on the theme of Early Egyptian gardening
and allied subjects, as illustrated by dis-
coveries in the royal tombs.

There was a flutter in the dovecotes of

the botanists when it was announced
that in the tomb of Tut.ankh-Amen was
found “a unique basket containing fruit,

besides a box of food intended for the use
of the King in the next world, and magni-
ficent floral bouquets, splendidly preserved.”
When, a few days later, it was reported
that the funeral bouquet was of a pattern
often represented on Egyptian monuments
and “consists of foliage and flowers as yet
unidentified," the questions naturally arose—
14 it possible that new light may bo thrown
on old-world botany? Is it likely that anv
addition will be made to our knowledge of
Eastern plant-lore? Or can we reasonably
hope from these discoveries to learn any-
thing fresh about the garden-craft of ancient
Egypt? In spite of the fact that the
foliage and flowers have not been identified

THE GARDENERS’

' cultivated plant,

been brought to light for the botanist and
gardener, the student of folx-lore and the
archaeologist, we must be prepared to hear

"that the wonderfully preserved bouquets con-

new
long
and

blossoms, and make no
additions to the species which have
been known to function as symbols
offerings. To give an account of all the
different flowers and plants which have
hitherto been discovered in the royal tombs
is beyond the scope of the present chapter, and
it must therefore suffice if we name a few of
those which possess the greatest interest.
The plumes of golden blooms which are
sold in our streets in early spring under the
names Mimosa and Acacia represent an
enormous number of herbaceous plants, shrubs,
and trees, some of which have been known
for ages in Egypt and Arabia. The Acacia was
grown by the very early inhabitants as a
and flourished exceedingly
because some of the species were indigenous.
Although the word Acacia is given in our
dictionaries as Greek, and is said to ከር
derived from axis, acis, a point or thorn, I
remember that many years ago, when I was
steeping myself in Eastern flower-lore, a

tain no new

" distinguished Egyptologist informed me that

it still remains possible to give a fairly |
definite reply: to these. and kindred en-
quiries. Let. us state the grounds upon

which this assumption is based.

We begin with this reflection that this is
by no means the first time in the history
of Egyptian exploration that flowers and
foliage, fruits, cereals and seeds have been
found in th» royal tombs. Long years ago
ዜ similar interest was aroused among students
of plant-life and flower-lore, and great
curiosity was excited to learn what plants
were known to the ancients and which of
them played a part in the obsequies of the
great. From this, as well as from other
sources, we learn something about the range
as well as the limitations of their numbers.
Three thousand years ago, notwithstanding
“all the learning of the Egyptians,” and
their great skill in agriculture and horti-
culture, the range or choice of plants
suitable for royal wreaths and funeral
bouquets was far from being extensive.
Many of the choice plants used by the
florists of to-day in making garlands and
other tributes for the departed were quite
unknown. True, our study is not limited
to floriculture, much less to that special
branch of -it which relates to funerary
offerings, but for the present this is the
topie peculiarly under consideration. When
‘we have seen what may be known about
the flowers found in tombs and the plante
devoted to the departed, we shall be able
‘to extend our survey to other branches of
horticulture.

Much, therefore,
think that something

as one would rejoice to
really startling has

the name was very probably Egyptian, and

could be better explained by reference 10
that language than by resorting to Latin,
Greek, or Sanskrit. The Acacia was certainly
not tabued* by the florists, any more than
it was by other craftsmen. We are told, on
the best authority, that in the deserts of
Arabia and in many parts of Egypt the
finest tree is the Acacia (A. Seyal), and that
this was the Shittah or Shittim of the Old
Testament. | Another species (A. nilotica)
grows by the Nile, and a native Egypt
name Sunt is at ached to it, equivalent to
the Hebrew Seneh, the designation of the
Burning Bush (Exodus III. 2).

The plant, however, which during many

centuries or even milleniums has been the
favourite in Eastern lands is the lovely

Lotus. To bring together a tithe of what
has been written about the Nymphaea or
Nelumbium would be to fill a volum». It is
known everywhere in the Orient from Egypt
to far Japan, and is’ the regal relative of
our own exquisite Water Lily. "The choicest

collection 1 ever saw was in the Botanical
Gardens at Singapore; but one finds it in
the tanks connected with all Buddhist

temples, and in the lakes and gardens of all
lovers of beautiful plants in India and China,
Malaya, and Japan. It is of various colours.
and has, from time immemorial, bcen regarded
as a sacred plant. It was “not merely a
symbol, but frequently the object of worship
itself. From the throne of Osiris it rises in
the midst of the waters, bearing on the
margin of its blossom the four genii." And
as in Egypt so in Asia. The Goddess of
Mercy, Kwan-yin, worshipped by the Budd-
hists, is seated on a lotus. The invocation
Om mani pidme hum, degraded to Ommany
pemmany, repeated one-hundred -and -eight
times means “* 1191, Jewel in Lotus, Hail!"

We found it some years ago. carved in
Sanskrit, over the portal of a temple in
South China. This. too, is the flower
which ‘is intended in the statement that
Solomon carved the chapiters which were
upon the tops of the pillars in his
temple so as to resemble Lily work. Here

we find & characteristic of Egyptian archi-
tecture. just as the Acanthus was characteristic
of Grecian. Farther, in the paintings often
seen in Egyptian tombs and temples the
Lotus is constantly in evidence. It is, more-
over, less conventionalised than most of the
plante thus represented, so that one never
finds any difficulty about its identification.
It may therefore be confidently affirmed that
the Lotus was one of the favcurite flowers
in old-time Egyptian gardens.

* In an article which I published on this subject in the
Birmingham Daily Post for January 24. 1923, this word
was misprinted “taken.” I thank the Editor for per-
mission to make use of that communication.

CHRONICLE.

-anciently produced in Egypt.

Jone 20, 1925.

—— — — — — — — — — — —

We know that the Papyrus also finds a
place in the tombs. This graceful reed from
which paper was originally made, as the
etymology suzgests, was formerly abundant
on the Nile, and it is of interest to note
that, when northern and southern Egypt
were united under one ruler. the fact was
set forth pictorially by combining the
Papyrus with the Lotus. "Though now no
longer found in many of its ancient haunts,
it is still plentiful in Syria and Palestine.

The Poppy has been reported from the
Egyptian tombs, and when the pollen was
examined under the microscope it was found
that the grains exactly resemble thosc of the
recent plant. The Cypress also is a plant
whose foliage has for ages past been
associated with sepulture in almost every
part of the world. Not only were the green
Sprays used for wreaths, but the tree was
planted in avenues leading to the burial
ground, or set near the graves of the
departed, just as may be seen in Italy and
elsewhere to-day. Henna, too, was ever a
much favoured plant, and the evidence of
its early use is to be found in the fact
that the nails of mummies buried thousands
of years ago are dyed with tho juice just
as are the nails of the people to-day. his
plant, which closely resembles our Privet, is
known to be exceedingly fragrant. Indeed.
80 strong is the perfume that many people
find it objectionable and nauseating, just as

our own Hawthorn sometimes is when
flowering in rich profusion.
Flax was cultivated alike in the garden

and the field. This plant seems always to
have been employed in the earlier dynasties
for the manufacture of mummy cloth. To
Pliny we owe an allusion to the fine linen
He tells us,
for example, that each thread used in
making & cuirass for King Amasis was com-
posed of three-hundred-nnd.sixty-five finer
ones, Among the many plants used by the
Egyptians in connection with their funeral
obsequies we may also mention the Squill;
while among the fruits, the Date and Fig,
the Grape and Pomegranate find a place.
In connection with the Fig it is of interest
to notice that small images made from the
wood of the tree were placed in Egyptian
tombs that the soul might have a body into
which to migrate. But our subject is a
large one, and we must therefore r^serve for
another paper our study of garden craft in
ancient Egypt. Hilderic Friend.

BULB GARDEN.

CAMASSIAS.

THE Camassias are an attractive feature
in the garden during May and June, and
are well adapted for the flower border or
for naturalising on the edge of a wood or

shrubbery border. If planted from four
inches to six inches deep they may ከ6
allowed to remain undisturbed for three or

four years.

Their handsome spikes of soft and deep
blue flowers are very effective, and produced
on stout, graceful racemes from two feet to
threa feet tall.

To make an effect, Camassias are best
planted in groups of from six to twelve or
more bulbs, and are equally adapted for
sunny or partially shaded situations. They
grow well in any fairly good, ordinary soil,
in a mixture of loam, leaf mould, and
coarse sand.

C. Cusickii is a handsome species growing
three feet tall and bearing large, starry
flowers of a delightful shade of pale lavender-
blue with yellow anthers; C. Loichtlini is a
rich violet-blue; and C. L. lutescens has
large-creamy-white flowers on stems two feet
to three feet tall: C. esculenta, the Quamash,
has large, blue flowers on stems one-and-a-
half foot tall; C. Fraseri, which is often
regarded as synonymous with C. esculenta,
has pale blue flowers. W. Logan.

Firsts Bni 1980.2

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THE LORETTE |
SYSTEM OF PRUNING

By LOUIS. LORETTE Frafessar of

ne Arboriculture) - l-
4 ‘Translated: from ‘the Fi: ብርክ by WR BYRES: 1—

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Jose 20, 1925.

HARDY FLOWER BORDER.

VERBASCUM PHOENICEUM.

THERE are many grand Mulleins, the result
of hybridisation, and these are commonly
offered in lists of hardy flowers. Less effective
in habit, yet of much value. is Verbascum
phoeniceum, which forms a good plant for
the border, but does not depend for its
merit on its boldness of aspect. It is some-
times offered by seedsmen under the name
of Verbascum phoeniceum and also as V.
phoeniceum hybridum, but I have never been
satisfied that the seeds sold by the latter
name ure from hybrids, as they seem nothing
more than colour varieties of V. phoeniceum.
Plants raised from a packet of seeds may
have a wonderful range of colours and shades.
varying from deep purple, through all inter-
mediate tints to white.

In habit V. phoeniceum more resembles V.
Wiedmannianum than any other species |
know. It forms low tufts of rather large.
roughish, green leaves, and there rise above
them stems bearing long spikes, which have
4 lengthy period of bloom. They begin when
ubout a foot or so high. and gradually the
inflorescence is prolonged, until the plant may
reach a height of about two feet. When it
first opens V. phoeniceum hardly needs a
stake to it, but as it extends the spikes are
better secured to a thin, inconspicuous stick,
and rather loosely tied to it.

Old plants may be increased by division.
but seeds. sown either out-of-doors or under
glass in spring or summer afford a good
method of securing a stock. V. phoeniceum
flourishes in ordinary garden loam and I have
had it quite good in a poor, rather dry
border. t begins to bloom in summer and
lasts for months in flower. It seems to prefer
at least partial sun. S. Arnott.

HEUCHERAS.
HeucHERAS are useful for general border
cultivation, for supplying cut flowers, for

growing as decorative subjects in pots, and
some of the varieties aro suitable for the
rockery. They thrive in a deep, rich, loamy
soil, and young plants seldom fail to flower
profusely.

To secure good resulte the following treat-
ment has proved satisfactory. After flowering
the plants should be dug up and divided,
selecting strong, single crowns for replanting.
A reserve bed may be made which will
provide excellent material for producing cut
flowers, also plants for growing in pote. Place
the plants in their pots during the autumn and
if grown under cool conditions they will prove
most useful during the following spring.

Heucheras may easily be raised from seeds
and some interesting crosses have been made.
Heuchera micrantha strain is particularly
robust, and seedlings have grown well in
soils where H. sanguinea was not a success.
The seeds may be sown in boxes of light
soil and placed in a shady frame.

There are numerous named varieties of
Heucheras, and their nomenclature is some-
what confused. Amongst the most useful for
the garden are H. sanguinea Edge Hall
variety, with flowers of a soft coral pink,
and a very continuous bloomer; H. sanguinea
maxima, a strong grower, with flowers of a
coral-red; H. sanguinea Pluie de Feu, a plant
of very graceful habit, and producing flowers
of a fiery red during June; H. brizoides
robusta, a neat growing form. with stout.
branched stems covered with rose-coloured
flowers. These two latter varieties are excellent
for supplying cut flowers. H. Zabelliana is
ዜ distinct variety, and under good cultivation
will produce stems threo feet long, furnished
with bright rosy pink flowers. H. tiarelloides
is a useful hybrid, forming neat tufts of
evergreen foliage and stout stems well clothed
with clear rose-coloured flowers very
in the spring. C. Ruse.

early

ALPINE GARDEN.

TRILLIUM UNDULATUM
(Syn. T. ERYTHROCABPUM).

Tur Triliums are mostly inhabitants of
North America, but two or three species are
also found in Japan and North-eastern Asia.
They are 4 family of woodland plants, the
best-known of which is the large, white-
flowered T. grandiflorum. In habit they bear

a great resemblance to each other, with the
borne

characteristic three leaves m a whorl.

A

FIG.

on a stem varying from a few inches to a
foot or more in height. From this whorl of
leaves is produced the single flower with all
the parts in threes. Most of the Trilliums
are hardy, and will thrive well in a com-
post of peat, loam, leaf-soil, and sand. They
should be planted in a cool, shady position,
protected from the cold spring winds.

The plant here illustrated, T. undulatum
(Fig. 195). is 880 known in gardens under
the name of T. erythrocarpum. It is an
exquisite little plant that is a great favourite
with all. With attractively spotted, ovate
leaves in the usual triple arrangement, the
showy white flowers are heavily blotched
with crimson near the throat. It is not so
easy to manage as the common one, and

uH ታታ ፓጦጵ ን ፓ ፓ ን ከእ CHRONICLE: <-

]

437

— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -

enjoys a drier condition of the soil. Under

xenial conditions it makes tufts some eighteen

inches high, and produces its solitary stemmed
Howers freely. T. undulatum is found growing
in woods, from Nova Scotia and Ontaria in
the North, to Missouri in the South, ascend-
ing to 5,600 ft. elevation in Virginia. It
flowers in May and June. W. I.

SAPONARIA LUTEA

SoME forty years or so ago I was induced
by the offer in a catalogue of Saponaris
lutea, as a “yellow Soapwort of neat habit,"

195.—TRILLIUM UNDULATUM.

to purchase it. In due course the tufted
plant came into bloom, after being eagerly
watched.

But the disillusionment was soon complete.
for, instead of the golden yellow flowers in
great profusion, which fancy had pictured,
there appeared a comparatively small number
of blooms of & poor yellow, with black anthers,
neither attractive nor holding out any promise
of improvement as the plant increased in size.
This experience I give as a warning to those
who might feel tempted to purchase S. lutea.

The plant is neat, with its light green,
small foliage, and its two-inch or three-inch
stems bearing a closely set head of little
starry flowers, but it is lacking in effect,
and I can hardly accept the very modified

438

terms of appreciation expressed by
Reginald Farrow. I may add that I cultivated
it with success so far as health and flower
were concerned, in a flat ** pocket" of the
rock garden and in full sun: in a soil of
loam and grit. It is said to be a lime-
hater. For those who wish a tufted Saponaria
for the rock garden, I would suggest instead
of 8. lutea the bright pink-flowered S.
caespitosa. S. Arnott.
ANEMONE PALMATA.

FoR some years we were unable to get
much satisfaction out of this African
Anemone, but changing its situation from a
dry; free soil to a damper and deeper
loam has made all the difference.

The dark-green. fleshy foliage has become
more luscious, and several of the plants are
putting up the bronzy flower stalks which

will shortly bear those wonderful golden-
rayed blooms that are the peculiar glory
of this splendid subject. If, as Farrer has

reminded us, this is ‘‘in nature a drought-
loving species," our own experience and that
of others would seem to suggest that a
good, deep-rooting loam which, though well-
drained, is never really dry, is what it
enjoys. We add a liberal quantity of old

leaf-mould to the soil.
A. palmata is a plant long known to

cultivation in this country, but it is one which
is not seen so often as it deserves to be.

VIOLA CORNUTA.

THe star-flowered, Horned Violet of the
Pyrenees is one of, the oldest species in
cultivation. It was introduced in 1776, yet
it is still. one of the best, taking into con-
sideration not only its peculiar beauty, but
case of culture and general garden value.
There is, indeed, probably no other member

of the genus which will do so well jn
almost any soil or situation. That it
responds liberally to good treatment is
undeniable, yet V. cornuta is so accom-
modating that it will uncomplainingly
prosper in the most meagre of soils and
even do tolerably well in the shade and

drip of trees or shrubs. It is admirable for
covering large areas in tho border parts of
the rock garden, for broad edgings, and
draping unsightly rocky places or old walls.
But it is also a first-rate plant for grouping
in the front of mixad borders or shrubberies
and for beds. Indeed, where a robust
grower that will be green all the year round
and flower all the summer is needed. V.
cornuta is a most satisfying subject.

The long-stemmed, characteristic blossoms
of the Horned Violet are well known, but
in spite of their sterling merits, one does
not in these days often see the older types
in cultivation. I refer to that clear,
lavender-blue form with very large flowers
still cherished in many cottage gardens, and
the same plant with pure white flowers is
not less admirable and equally robust.
These may sometimes seen in masses a yard
or more across with quantities of blossoms
on eight-inch stems standing ereet above the
copious foliage.

In addition to the above there are
varieties in many shades of bluish-purple
deepening to the intense purple of ** Clarkson "'
and deep violet of the well-known * George
Wermig." which latter is not to my mind
the most attractive if it is to-day the most
common in gardens generally.

There is an old golden-leaved, white-
flowered form—the only ono grown here
which may be said to lack the characteristic

vigour of the family—and there is, of
course, a long list of hybrids (cornuta x
tricolor and cornuta > gracilis), as well: as

numerous pretty hybrid Violas which owe
much of their charm to V. cornuta blood.

Curiously enough, V. cornuta seeds but
rarely with us, yet its hybrid offspring are
often most prolific in seeding, and some of
these, notably the charming V. Papilio, will
continue to produce seedlings true to colour
and form for years. J. N. Wales.

THE GARDENERS

Mr. -

1115 fine Primula is considered “difficult,”
and not without reason. Mr. Forrest found
it, I believe, growing in the crevices ዐየ
rocks, and plants so found are often very
chary of giving of their best in our gardens.
1 havo seen it tried in many positions and
under varying conditions, and almost came
to the conclusion that its charms were very
much over-rated; however, at the present
time I am enjoying this Primrose at its
very best, and this desirable condition has
been brought about by unorthodox measures.

Seeds were sown two years ago last
winter; the resulting seedlings, a fine ger-
mination, were pricked out in & cold frame.
As the plants became strong enough, some
were planted “here, there, and everywhere,"
the idea being to give them a good chance
under all conceivable circumstances. All
these transplanted seedlings failed miserably ;
soil, situation, aspect, made no difference—
they died or lingered.

Of those [remaining in the frame, a few
died, but several grew freely, of which
about a dozen are now crowned by glorious
umbels of golden flowers. The plants are of
large size; the crowded leaves being sur-
mounted by stout stems, from nine-inches
to cne-foot in height, and bearing as many
* pips” as on a particularly floriferous
Polyanthus.

I may state that the soil is shallow, not
more than seven-inches or eight-inches deep,
and it is placed on a very hard surface,
consisting of coal ashes over gravel. The
soil consists of good loam, a little peat, and
sand. |

The leaves of P. Forrestii are a lively
green in colour, and possess a faint and
very pleasant fragrance; the scape is stout,
bearing & many-flowered umbel. The flowers
are of a lovely yellow, with orange eyes,

the whole making a charming picture,
reminiscent of our own Oxslip in glorified
form.

After seeing Primula Forrestii in good

form, I shall always want to possess it, as
one of the best of this beautiful and
wonderful race of plants.

It does not like our damp winters, and
should, I think. be protected by a frame,
or, if growing in the rock-garden, by a sheet
of glass.

For colour, P. Forrestii rivals the charms
of that grand member of the Candelabra
section, P. helodoxa. Ralph E. Arnold.

WILD GARDEN.

MELITTUS MELISSOPHYLLUM.

THE Bastard Balm is an uncommon
native, but one that is by no means rare
about many valleys of the European Alps.
It is an old garden plant but one that is
not often seen nowadays, yet it is a subject
of no small merit. In the first place it will
thrive in woodland or other shady places.
and for the former and the wild garden it
is a first-rate subject. It appears to grow
quite well in almost uny average light soil

and, once established, wil continue to
flourish indefinitely with a minimum of
attention.

M. Melissophyllum is a Labiate which
sends up stems one foot or more in height
furnished with aromatic leaves and producing

in spring or early summer pairs of showy

blossoms of an unusual size at the leaf
axils. These baggy trumpets may be of any
tint from flesh pink to white, the latter
often being the prevailing colour. But in
garden forms the best-known and probably
the most attractive form has creamv-white
blossoms, each having a bold daub of vivid
rose-pink on the lip.

The plant is a true perennial and may be
propagated by division after flowering. J.

CHRONICLE.

++... PRIMULA FORRESTI. . .....

amongst the latest are all beautiful.

Jone 20, 1945.

NURSERY NOTES.

IRISES AT MAIDSTONE.

Irises have beautified the gardens of this
country for many generations, and they are
therefore some of our oldest garden flowers.
but it would be paradoxical to describe
them as old-fashioned, for at the present
time they are very popular, and quite
recently a special Iris Society has been
formed by enthusiasts, of which Mr. G. N.
Bunyard, a | member of the famous
pomological firm of Messrs. G. Bunyard and
Co., Maidstone, is the hon. secretary.

Evidence of the splendid collection of
Irises cultivated by this Kentish firm has

been apparent at the Chelsea shows during

recent years, and it was our pleasure
recently to inspect the collections at Maidstone
and Allington. In a special nursery, known
as Klondyke Nursery, at Allington, there is
a very extensive collection of Irises and
other hardy flowers, the former including,
beside all the best of the more recent
introductions, many of the old favourites.
and it is proposed to form an extensive
Iris border in which a general collection of
the older and newer varieties will be included.
This border is already partly formed, but
it is proposed to re.arrange it, and when
completed it will be very educative and
highly interesting to those who love these
beautiful border flowers.

The genus Iris is one of the most inter-
esting of those cultivated in gardens, for it

includes some that flower when the ground

is covered with snow, others that herald
the approach of spring in the rock garden,
and still others that follow until practically
the whole season round is covered. But
the most glorious members of the family
are those which are now known collectively
as the Tall Bearded Irises. These have
been bred from several species or sub-species.
such as I. pallida, I. germanica, and
I. squalens, but, like the Daffodil, they
have been so intermixed that it is now

‘impossible to tell where one species begins

and’ another ends.

Messrs. Bunyard’s collection is especially
interesting in that it includes almost every
variety of merit, although, of course, some
of the very recent novelties not yet in
commerce are necessarily not included, but in
viewing this fine collection it is obvious that
many which are plentiful and fairly cheap are
still to be accounted the very best varieties for
garden purposes. For instance the old pallida
dalmatica in the pale lavender-blue shades
is delightful, while Souvenir de Mme. Gaudi-
chau, Prospero, Magnifica, Alcazar, Albert

Victor, Eden Philpotts, Miss Jessop, Glamour.

and Crusader amongst the early-flowering
varieties, and Ambassadeur, Sunset, Opera.
Black Prince, Richard Il., and Sunshine
These
names include a very fine solection of almost
all colours found in the tall bearded group
of Irises, and if especially dwarf varieties are
needed, good sorts are found in Caprice,
Archeveque, Tomtit, Mrs. Neubronner, Moliere,
Romany, and Tristram. Alcazar, which has
lovely violet-purple standards and broad falls
of violet veined with bronze is already over,
being one of the first to bloom, but the
peerless Ambassadeur, with standards of
reddish-violet and falls of richest velvety
violet colour was still making a grand display.
and is one of the handsomest Irises ever raised.

Some of the choicer sorts are cultivated
in a small nursery near to the River Medway,
which in winter over-flows its banks and
floods the land, a condition that seems to
suit Irises admirably, for never before have
we seen such vigorous plants, indeed, some
of the leaves were as Lig as a cavalry man's
sword. This particular piece of land is of
great depth. and contains plenty of calcareous
matter from a rieh deposit of shell from
the river, and all who grow lrises know that
these plants need & generous amount of lime
in their rooting medium. Here were great

June 20, 1925.

breadths. of such noble Irises as Ambassadeur,
Souvenir de Mme. Gaudichau, which has big
flowers with almost blue standards and falls
of perfect form and large size of a glorious
shade of reddish-purple; Aphrodite, a most
delicate colour, clear rosy purple and very
sweetly scented; Mrs. Chas. Pearson, n which
the standards are a delicate mauve and the
well-formed falls of rosy mauve; Mme.
Schwatz, an immense flower of very soft
lavender-blue, and a plant very free-flowering ;
Opera. with vinous red standards and falls
of rich maroon passing to deep violet at
the edge, a glorious Iris that may be classed
among the dwarf-growing section; Albert
Victor. a fine form of the pallida type and
very strongly scented; Eden Philpotts, of the
Ciengialti x pallida section, very early in
flowering, and bearing fine lavender-blue flowers
that are sat off by a beautiful white and
vellow beard; Miss Jessop, another very
beautiful variety of the pallida type, with
self-coloured flowers of pale violet-blue; and
Glamour, a seedling of the Dominion race,
very free-flowering, the blooms being richly
coloured, the standards heliotrope tinged with
vellow, and the falls of a pansy-violet colour,
Another that may be mentioned is Rotorua,

a variety raised by Mr. Bliss, which is a
beautiful lJavender-blue self, with slightly

darker falls than the standards, which have
also a very pretty reticulation of indigo.

In the general collection at the Klondyke
Nursery it was interesting to compare the
old and modern varieties and to note the
advance that has been made in recent
years. Here we observed the old variety
Mercedes, the true form, for there are
several Mercedes in cultivation; the standards
are heavily suffused and lined with reddish-
brown on white, while the falla have a ከ፲፪
white middle area with a central violet

line and edge, and are reticulated with
purple, the stigmas being chrome-yellow ;
Ed. Michael, a variety of wine-red colcur is

worthy of inclusion in any collection, and
some might like to include the old Black
Prince for its intense purple-black falls; I.
Jacquesiana with coppery-crimson standards
and deep reddish-purple falls is very distinct :
there were. also the very old Rolette, of
delicate mauve in the standards with falls
heavily | reticulated with deep purple;
Prospero, a tall, vigorous Iris which is
especially valuable for planting in the shade
where it displays its big flowers to
advantage, the standards being of delicate
lavender and the broad falls of rich purple;
and Eldorado, a flower of fine form with
chrome-yellow stigmas and golden reticulated
base to the falls, which are suffused with
violet-purple.

Many seedlings are grown in Mr. Norman
Bunyard's trial ground near to his residence.
They are all under numbers, and many of
them are ዐየ great promise. One that
attracted our notice under No. 23/25; it has
broad, inarching standards of clear satiny-
mauve colour and broad falls of rich violet-
purple reticulated at the base with brown,
and a pretty, golden beard. It is an
especially vigorous variety, and we noticed
one spike» carrying four of its exceptionally
large flowers. Another, 25/25, is broad in
all its parts, the falls being especially
pleasing. for the centre is of a rich plum
colour, fading to the edges to lighter violet-
purple. The standards are in strong contrast
for they are pale lavender. One numbered
1321, a very pale pink, is sweetly scented.
It is a very refined bloom, and although
not large would probably appeal especially
to ladies. Some of the seedlings a'e older
crosses, two years or more, and here again
several are of much merit, but it must be
remembered that such great success has
been obtained by various breeders that it
becomes exeeedingly difficult to eclipse the
best of those already in commerce, and
whilst the greater number of Mr. Bunyard's
seedlings are good, he wisely refrains from
placing any in commerce that do not show some
qualities superior to those of existing varieties.

THE GARDENERS'

"MARKET FRUIT GARDEN.

THE PASSING OF CLEAN .CULTIVATION.

FEWER growers every year maintain tho
struzgle to keep fruit plantations under clean
cultivation unless they are intercropped with
bush fruits. So long as there is bush fruit
digging and hoeing are justified. When the
trees grow large enough to necessitate the
grubbing of the under crep, it is doubtful
whether clean cultivation pays any longer.
To an increasing extent such plantations are
being grassed down, or allowed to fall down
to grass and the herbage kept down by
running pigs or poultry under the trees.
Few of the growers who have adopted this
plan appear to regret it. They find that
the trees do at least as well, and in some
cases are much improved by the manuring
done by the stock and that the;fruit ;is of
better colour, whilst expenses are reduced
and often an additional profit secured. It
remains to be seen how sorne of the orchards
trampled hard by poultry will stand a
prolonged drought. It is then that culti-
vation will be missed if it ever is. In a
wet season a grass orchard certainly does
best. The alternative of **8od mulch” or
“sod strip" treatment has not been adopted
to any extent. Yet in America it is
recognised as being more suitable for dry
districts than any method of grazing. Some
of my land has been under this treatment
for a number of years. and I think, taking
one season with another, it has given me
better results than clean cultivation. At this
time of year the plantations appear neglected,
but when the grass has been cut they look
very well. I have even some Lane’s Prince
Albert trees of bush form under sod
mulch, and they have made more growth
since the land was grassed down than they
ever did before, with the help of mineral
fertilizers only. The effect of nitrogenous
manures on trees under sod mulch is par-
ticularly striking. Market Grower.

HARDY FRUIT GARDEN.

BARK SLITTING.

Market Grower's note on bark slitting (p.
340) is of much interest. I have adopted
this method on fruit trees, chiefly standards,
which had been grafted or budded in cases
where the stock had failed to grow, or swell,
in proportion to the scion.

Ornamental trees, which had been grafted
on stocks six feet or eight feet in height,
were treated in this way with good results.
The best success followed naturally in the
case of the youngest trees, which quickly
responded, the stems swelling and the tops
making free growth. Most noticeable were
some trees of Cerasus. Gcod varieties had
been “worked” on the stocks at a height
of about six feet. Some of the trees were
growing freely while others were much stunted.
Slitting the bark was practised and the effect
was most noticeable after the sccond season,
when both stock and head responded and
growth was satisfactory.

I have sometimes hesitated before carrying
out this practice on fruit trees, such as
Peaches, which generally make sufficient
growth even when the stock appears * bark-
bound," but in some cases it has proved
beneficial. With these trees the slit has been
made, so far as possible, on the wall side
of the stem, and the slit painted over with
a mixture of clay and cow manure. The
work was done early in the spring. If thought
advisable the wounds were painted over again
during the summer, but the slits soon heal
over, and the risks are small; generally the
wound is healed before winter, so that there
is little risk of the opening providing a
resting place for spores of injurious fungi, or
insects. C. Rusc.

CHRONICLE.

‘growers and consumers alike.

439

. APPLES AND PLUMS IN SUFFOLK.

Mv county as & whole is not as notable
for plantations and orchards as its neighbours
which go to constitute the area within the
confines of East Anglia. Nevertheless, there
are considerable numbers, and some of them
are admirably managed; blossoming of the
Apples brought us a feast of exquisite beauty
whieh we do not enjoy annually, indeed, not
even biennially. It seemed as though every
tree and every variety was doing its floral
duty in a most bountiful manner; during the
comparatively excellent weather of full blossom
bees and other insects laboured assiduously,
let us hope to the very real advantage of
If quantity of
flowers may be accepted as a criterion—and
it is by most people, including not a few
who ought to know better—we shall have a
bumper Apple crop which will remind us of
our best, if it does not fully equal it. As
was expected. by those who think, Plums
are falling in thousands. This is a fact
which need by no means be deplored, for
if all had remained to finish there would
have been countless more thousands, but
very few real Plums, delicious, cooked, or
raw as the case may be. From the gar-
dener’s point of view the finest possible
quality must overwhelm mere quantity, and
it is more than probable that it will pay
the commercial grower in the long run.
That end will be brought nearer still by the
thousands of other fruits that will still come
down. At present it is scarcely possible to
say that any individuals are taking the lead
in swelling and until then the wisest men
will not prophecy either for or against.
Hope is, however, high. West Suffolk.

APPLE SCAB.

Ir i8 evident that fruit growers are
greatly alarmed by the rapidity with which
the scab disease of Apples has spread in
recent years. l believe the unusual degree
of humidity experienced since 1921 may be
responsible for the firm hold which Apple
scab has obtained.

Most gardeners are aware that the disease
is caused by a parasitic fungus (Venturia
inequalis), belonging to the large group
known as Pyrenomycetes, but it would be
far better if they knew the three stages of
the life-cycle equally well.

The cracked, deformed fruits and the
ruptured bark of the twigs proclaim that
they are Scab-ridden. These are evidences
of the latest stages of the malady, whereas the
early stage is now in evidence and may be
seen on the leaves of Apple trees all over
the country. The symptoms are the appear-

ance of small, round, dark-coloured spots
If left to pursue an independent course
the lesions will spread and the fungus

form spores which will be conveyed to the
young fruit and shoots. Obviously it is the
duty of every grower, if time will permit,

to attack and defeat the disease in the
first stage of its existence.

I have proved that this can be done
by a test carried out a fortnight ago. My

garden, in the county of Glamorgan, is an
early one, even in a county which is earlier
than most. An outbreak of Apple scab was
plainly evident on May 20 and I decided
to spray with lime-sulphur (summer strength),

and Bordeaux mixture (half strength). A good
knapsack sprayer, fitted with a six feet
Bamboo lance. was used. I selected the

evenings for spraying, because I felt that a
slowly evaporating liquid would have a
better chance to attain the desired object.
Both specifies were effective and tho trees
are now clear of Apple scab. The standard
strengths of Bordeaux mixture and lime
sulphur are recognised, I believe, but in
order to prevent misunderstanding, I give the
formulae used, and the belief that they
were half-strength :— Bordeaux mixture— freshly
burnt quicklime 4 lbs., copper-sulphate
6 lbs., water 50 gallons; lime-sulphur—lime-
sulphur 3 pints, water 3 gallons. (Geo. H.
Copley, N.D.H. |

440
J VEGETABLE GARDEN.

WHITE-FLOWERED SAVOY.

l HAVE read with interest Mr. S. 8.
Dick’s note entitled, ** White-flowered Savoy”
(p. 402. I am not acquainted with the

white-flowered variety of Milan Cabbage, but
I have often noticed in plantations of Milan
Cabbage (particularly in Verus or Auber-
villiers) several stems bearing white flowers.
I find in my cultural notes under date
April 4, 1920, a mention of having found

in & plantation of Milan Cabbage & specimen.

with yellow calyx and white corolla. When
planted separately for purposes of observa-
tion, the Cabbage, unfortunately. did nothing,
the flowers having been eaten by insects:
in the plantation mentioned, in an area of
about twenty-five acres. there were about
four square feet with white flowers. Among
Cabus Cabbages, the Pisa Cabbage bears
white flowers with occasional stems of
yellow ones; among Broccoli the Mammoth
variety presents the same peculiarity. If

these few notes are of service to Mr. Dicks,

| shall be very glad. EK. Meunissier, Paris.

PUBLIC PARKS AND GARDENS.
Tze Town Council of Bexhill proposes to
apply for sanction to borrow £3,400 for the

purchase of land at Sidley for a recreation
ground.

CHELTENHAM TowN CouNcin has under
consideration a scheme estimated to cost
£10,000, for the diversion of the Chelt

between Barrett's Mill and Keynsham Road,
also the formation of a shrubbery and
ornamental walk and pleasure ground, with
boating pond for children.

ON May 30, two small public parks in
Scotland were opened with appropriate
ceremonies. That at Stonehouse is the gift
of Councillor Alexander Hamilton, Kidder-
minster, who formally declared the park
open. A fountain has also been erected by
Mr. Hamilton in memory of his late mother,
and this was unveiled by Mrs. Hamilton.
Mr. T. Wilson, J.P., Chairman of Stonehouse
Parish Council, presided, and expressed the
high appreciation of the community of the
generous gift of the donor.

The other park is for the inhabitants of
Tullibody and Cambus and Alloa. It was
opened by Major Tullis. Baingle Brae.
Tullibody, and Mr. J. Kettrick, Chairman of
the Landward Committee of the Alloa Parish
Council, presided. The park is eight acres
in extent, and is admirably suited for the

purpose.

THe Urban District Council of Kettering
has received sanction to borrow £1,800 for
the purchase of Geary’s Field, near Rothwell
Road, for a public pleasure ground.

THE extent to which games are practised
in the public parks of Glasgow was indicated
in & report by the Director that embodied
the following interesting figures :—3,830 match
games of football and 225 match games of
hockey were played in the past season; the
number of golfers on the five Corporation
courses increased from 217,642 to 220,624 and
the revenue from £4,902 to £5,521: tennis
was played on seventy-nine courts and the
popularity of the pastime was reflected by
the number of players, which increased from
9,642 to 19,517. The Parks Committee have
been requested by the local cricket league
50 - provide more cricket pitches and per-
‘mission has been given to play motor cycle
-foatball on Kennyhil grounds on the 27th
inst. A proposal is also being considered to
sot apart spaces in each of the parks for
games for girls.

THÉ GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE.

HOME CORRESPONDENCE.

Regelio-cyclus Irises.—I fear the note about
the above Irises, from Sudbury (p. 391), needs
an addendum, lest it should be. inferred by
those who have never grown these most
refined-looking flowers that all that need be
done is to plant the rhizomes at the foot
of a south wall or in “a warm border." and
protect them during “1816 autumn" (and I
presume also all the winter) with a covering
of ashes. Twice I have had these Irises in
my cold Midland garden. On each occasion

1 have found that so long as I carefully
‘observed the printed directions that van
Tubergen’s sent with them I was very

successful and had a nice lot of bloom. When,
however, they were planted out and had to
look after themselves, without being taken
up, they were miserable failures, although in
one case their position was in a narrow
border at the foot of a south wall, and in
the other a warm bed under a wall facing
west. At my first attempt I kept careful
records of each variety, and found that I
had more flowers when they bloomed for
the second time than the first, when they
had come direct from Mr. van Tubergen. My
treatment obviously suited them. The only
difference I made from what he prescribed
was that I used small glass lights to cover
the bed during the winter. instead of branches.
Annual lifting, a thorough drying and baking
in the greenhouse, shallow October planting
in well-drained light soil, winter protection,
and plenty of water in spring when they
are making growth are the main essentials.
I found. for success. The lights were taken
off before the plants bloomed. The bulbs
were lifted in July, baked in the sun, and
then kept in a warm place till they were
planted in October. Joseph Jacob.

An Operation on a Standard Rose—To claim
that a particular thing in gardening is unique
is easy, but to substantiate that claim when
called upon to do so by a cold-blooded
sceptic is a different problem. Here is an
occurrence in the garden of Monk’s Close,
Woolpit, Bury St. Edmunds, the residence
of Dr. E. C. Hardwicke, which, while it may
neither create a record nor establish a precedent,
is, one feels sure, so far unusual as to justify
a permanent place in the pages of The
Gardeners’ Chrontcle. During some lopping on
May 25 the incorrect falling of a branch
resulted in the head of a healthy standard
of Mrs. Henry Morse Rose being broken and
attached to the stem only by a shred of
bark scarcely half-an-inch wide, and about
two feet above the ground. It is, perhaps.
quite safe to say that ninety-nine growers
out of a hundred would have placed the
head on the rubbish heap without wasting
a thought on a useless thing. Not so my
medical friend, however. It may be presumed
he thought that as a man’s leg can ከ6
repaired successfully when it is broken there
is no logical reason why a standard Rose's
leg should not be mended too, and he
proceeded to operate. The ends of the
fracture were brought neatly and perfectly
intimately together, the torn bark was joined
up at the broken edges with scrupulous care ;
splints and bandages. plus a vaselene dressing.
followed. No nurses awaited the smile or
frown of the surgeon and no anaesthetic was
administered. Let it be confessed that I
smiled inwardly and looked to the imminent
humiliation of the villain who painted my
countenance to resemble the physiognomy of
a North American Indian (and gloried in it,
which is infinitely worse) some weeks ago.
The artistic embellishment. of my features was
a surgical success, and I begin to wonder now
whether the treatment of the Rose is destined
to be a success too. To-day the plant. is in
flower, to .all. appearances in. sound” health,
and making vigorous growth, and it is exactly
twelve days since the accident and operation.
I purpose to record progress seme months
hence, sooner if it leads to death. In the

' circumstances.

ያጩ 20, 1925.

meantime . it
whether any
Chronicle has

will be interesting to learn
reader of the The Gardeners’
proceeded similarly in parallel
3. I have not previously heard.
or ever read, of such a thing. W. |

Rhododendron George Hardy (see p. 400).--
This Himalayan hybrid raised by Mangles
and sent out some twenty years ago by
Messrs. John Waterer and Sons, is one of

the best of the May-flowering varieties. In

appearance it resembles the variety White
Pear] and flowers a week or two before
Pink Pearl. A hybrid between R. Griffith-
ianum and a garden hybrid, as mentioned by
Mr. J. G. Millais in Rhododendrons—“ it stands
full sun in the exposed garden better than
any of the other hybrids of this strain."
The unopened buds are pink. and the white.
open flowers are suffused with . pink at the
edges. The large, conical truss :-*sits " well
on the fine, dark foliage. It early attracted
the notice of the hybridist. Its progeny
includes the Dutch raised variety, Mrs.
Lindsay Smith, which is considered by many
to be the best white hardy Rhododendron.
Fred W. Jeffery.

Apple Leaf Scorch.—The correspondence on
this subject is becoming of great interest.
and nothing but good can result from it.
Still, one would like to see private gardeners
taking part in it. The private gardener
treats his trees as individuals, whereas the
market grower must. of necessity. make the
field the unit. As the same area may con-
tain various kinds. what may prevent trouble
in one case, may, as the evidence of the
correspondenee tends to show, actually induce
it in another. Market Grower makes a valu-
able contribution in the issue for June 6. Here

we have, for the first time, definite infor-
mation of scorch on trees in the field.
where manuring .has been generous and
ascertainable over several years. The

manuring is certainly very generous com-
pared to mine. For the information of Der.
Durham (see his letter in the issue of
May 30) I may state that the manure |
used was horse manure and pig dung.
chiefly the latter, and was not too well
rotted, being only a few months old. The
most I could spare each year was a barrow
load to four bush trees. Trees looking in
good condition were passed over. It will be
seen that there is a great difference between my
manuring and Market Growers’. Whether he
over-manured or not I cannot state. |
certainly did not because I could not get
sufficient manure. Since my previous letter
I have heard from Mr. H. R. Briton-Jones
of Long Ashton, and he "has been good
enough to inform me that he agrees with
many of my points, and that there is a
relationship between leaf scorch and die-
back. He has, however, a paper on the
subject in the press (Journ. of Pomology).
and I hope that The Gardeners’ Chronicle
will be able, besides allowing space for
further notes on this subject, to reprint at
least a summary of this paper. To give an
idea of the many points which require
clearmg up, I sent Mr. Briton-Jones a list
of varieties placed in order according to
their proneness to scorch. My first sort was
Newton Wonder, followed by Beauty of
Bath, with Cox's Orange Pippin seventh.
Mr. Briton-Jones finds Cox's Orange Pippin
a bad scorch subject, whereas Newton
Wonder is not. Market Grower, apparently.
puts Beauty of Bath first and Cox’s Orange

Pippin second. Evidently varieties differ in
different areas, but why should they? 1
had scorch on trees in a grassed urea; in

cut out.
part of

fact. two or three big trees were
as die-back was so severe. This
the orchard was very little used by the
pigs and chickens quartered there. 1 found
that confining the pigs to that area for a
-whole . winter made a. wonderful difference
to the trees, and I believe scorch is finished
there. . There was ከዐ further die.back.
E. Brown, Hillside, Doddington, Nitlingbourne.
Kent.

Joxe 20. 1925.

Stephanotis Seedlings.—In reply to Mr. C.
May's inquiry (p. 402) respecting Stephanotis
seedlings, I remember that the late Mr.
Thomas H. Green raised many seedlings
from his own plants, at Draycot Gardens,
Wilts, and he was, I believe, the first to
do so. During the time I was an improver
under him I had the pleasure of seeing his
first seedlings flower. The following year
other seedlings were raisod from fruits which
afiorded seeds on the same plant. Stephanotis
and Gardenias were extensively grown at
Draycot at that time. Mr. Green told me
the plant from which he saved his seeds
was planted by him twenty years previous
to its fruiting. In order to prolong the
flowering period of his plants, some were
kept in a cool house, and it was from one
of these he obtained his seeds. I have
never seen seed-pods on the plants grown
in the stove-houses. When leaving Draycot
I well remember seeing several fruits hanging
from the plants in the cool-house, and I
have no doubt other seedlings were raised
after I left. I congratulate Mr. May on his
success. Mr. Green told me he failed several
times before becoming successful. The first
plants raised were five years old before
they flowered. G. H. Hill, Caldecote Gardens,
Bushey Heath.
In answer to Mr. May's inquiry in
Gard. Chron. of June 6, I remember that
at the Palace Gardens, Wells, Somerset, in the
seventies, we had Stephanotis plants which
fruited and ripened seeds, and several seeds
germinated. I remember the Bishop, whose
attention had been called to the fruit being
very interested in the results. I have not
seen any fruits since I left those gardens
in 1878, and I cannot remember any mention
of seedlings previous to Mr. May’s inquiry.
A. E. Gooden, Spratton, Northants.

Prunus serrulata’ Sekiyama.— Had your
correspondent J. F. (p. 399) referred to my
paper on “ Japanese Cherries,” recently
published in the Journal of the Royal
Horticultural Society (Vol. L., part IL, 1925),
he would have seen that the mis-named
Hisakura of nursery lists is synonymous
with the variety he describes as P. s. sekiyama.
As pointed out in the above-quoted paper,
the name Hisakura is particularly unfortunate
in view of the fact that it is applied by
Japanese botanists to a distinct, single
variety. Many names have been manu-
factured for this beautiful Cherry, and it is
possible to acqure it under any of the
following :—Kanzan (which is its correct
vernacular name, according to Prof. Miyoshi,
of the Tokyo Botanic Gardens); Ohnanden,
Rubra Nova, Hizakura, Horinji, and * New
Red." The coining of new names may be
a more or less harmless amusement, but
to transfer one already occupied to a totally
distinct variety is & pernicious practice that
should be strongly discouraged, for it is
liable to lead to almost endless confusion.
Collingwood Ingram.

The Yellow Florists Tulip.—On page 412
we read in reference to a deep yellow Cottage

Tulip, **which in colour leaves Walter T.
Ware behind. and probably matches that
shapely florists variety in form." It should

read “which in colour leaves Walter T. Ware
behind, and probably matches the shapely
florist's variety in shade." Walter T. Ware
is not a florist's Tulip. The “shapely florist's
variety" is the one and only yellow florist's
Tulip that has up to now been raised.. It
is exceedingly scarce, and doubtless only a
handful of growers know of its existence. I
believe it to be the richest and deepest of
all yellow Tulips. It is certainly some shades
deeper than Walter T. Ware. I believe it
has never been named. It is always spoken
of as “the Yellow Florist's"' Tulip. Joseph
Jacob.

Hay Fever.—This distressing complaint is
affecting some of my acquaintances very
severely this season; it would be a boon
if one who knows of a remedy would give
the information to your readers. T.

THE-. GARDENERS’. CHRONICLE.

SOCIETIES.

GRAND ‘YORKSHIRE FLOWER SHOW AND

GALA.
JUNE 17, 18, AND 19.—This is the sixty-
third year in which a Grand Flower Show
and Gala has been held in the City of

York, and the display on this occasion was
one of the best of the long series. In
regard to colour we do not remember a
York Show in which there were such
brilliant effects as on the above dates, and
our personal experience extends backwards
for over thirty years without a break.

Two years ago the Gala authorities had
to leave the old site at Bootham Park,
close to Bootham Bar, and so great were
the difficulties which arose in connection
with the provision of a new site that they
appeared to be insurmountable. At last,
however, the football ground at Fulford,
well outside the city, was secured, and
there the show was held last year. It was
a good show, but not so good as many of
its predecessors, and owing to the distance
of the site from the centre of tho city, the
attendance showed a great falling off, and
consequently the function was not a financial
success.

It became necessary to review the situation.
This was done, and eventually a new
Council was formed, including some of the
old members, among them the veteran Mr. C.

Hodgson, and several members of the
Corporation. Moreover, the responsible
persons formed themselves into a limited

liability company, under the title of the
Grand Yorkshire Flower Show and Gala
Association, Ltd., with Mr. H. L. Swift
as Chairman, Mr. Arthur Anderson as
Secretary, and the Most Hon. the Marquess
of Normanby, D.L., as President. Thus it
came about that while we missed a few
old friends we made the acquaintance of
new members of the Floral Committee of
the Gala, including Mr. Stanley R. Slack,
the Sheriff of York, and Mr. G. Y.
Johnson, the Chairman of this Committee,
both of whom have worked hard to make
the present show a success.

This closer association of the Gala author-
ities with the Corporation of the City of
York, should be all to the good, as it
throws a greater responsibility upon the
City, a responsibility it ought to bear on
behalf of what has become not only a
great Yorkshire function but a national one
also, seeing that exhibitors come from the
far south and west, and northward from
across the border. This closer association
immediately bore fruit, as the Corporation
allowed the gala to be held at Knavesmire,
at a very nominal figure. Knavesmire is a
great open space just outside the city, and
seems in all respects to be a suitable site.
The York racecourse is at Knavesmire, and
trams run past the entrance, which is five
minutes distant from the railway station.
The Gala site had to be fenced off for the
occasion and thus an extra expense was
incurred. Further, the tent which did duty
at Bootham Park (a large part of the
great tent in which the International Show
was housed at Chelsea in 1912) could not
be used in the absence of footings for the
supporting pillars, consequently three big
Marquees were used and in these a won-
derfully fine show was held. The weather
was kind on the opening day and, we
hope, on the other days also; we also hope
the attendance. will be sufficient to make
the Gala a financial success, for upon such
success the future of tho Gala depends. If
York City and York Shire cannot combine
to keep the Gala going it will be. a
thousand pities and bad for horticulture in
the north of England.

As to the show itself, hardy flowers were
the outstanding feature and the colours they
provided were dazzling. Orchids, rock gardens,

- 441

Roses, decorative groups, floral designs, and
plants were other good items, but the glory: of
the plant section has long since departed,
and the giant specimen Pelargoniums, on
the pride of York Gala, are no longer séen.
Competition is not so strong as formerly,
but any deficiency in this respect is fully
made up by the number, extent, and beauty
of the trade displays.
Orchids. -

Eight classes were provided for Orchids,
and most of these were well filled. The
outstanding prize winners were Messrs. J.
CYPHER AND Sons, Cheltenham, and J.
MACARTNEY, Esg., Bolton, Lancashire. The
former won the premier award for a_ table
of Orchids arranged for effect on a table
space twelve feet by five feet, cut blooms
being allowed as well as plants. The
Cheltenham firm contributed a fine display
in which Laelio-Cattleyas, Odontoglossums,
and Odontiodas were largely employed,
together with handsome examples of Thunia
Marshalliana, Dendrobium Dalhouseanum,
Cypripedium callosum, Epidendrum . vitellinum
majus, and Miltonias. Second, Mr. J.
MACARTNEY, and third Messrs. A. J. KEELING
AND Sons.

The best dozen Orchids were those staged
by Messrs. J. CvPHER AND Sons, and their
set included Laelio-Cattleya | Canhamiana
superba, a fine plant of Dendrobium chryso-
toxum, Cypripedium callosum Sanderae,
finely flowered, Thunia Marshalliana, L.-C.
Aphrodite, and L.-C. Dominiana. Second, Mr.
J. MACARTNEY.

In the class for half-a-dozen Orchids, in
bloom, the Cheltenham firm continued its
success, winning with good plants of Laelio-
Cattleya Canhamiana, Brasso-Cattleya Veitchii,
Thunia Marshalliana, Odontoglossom amabile,
and Cypripedium bellatulum; second, Mr. J.
MACARTNEY, and third, Messrs. A. J. KEELING
AND Sons.

Messrs. A. J. KEELING AND Sons beat
Messrs. J. CYPHER AND Sons for three Orchids,
showing Odontioda Madeline, Miltonia Bleuana,
and Sophro-Laelio-Cattleya Helius in good form ;,
the Cheltenham firm relying on Laelia-Cattleya
Canhamiana, L.-C. Aphrodite, and Thunia
Marshalliana. L.-C. Canhamiana superba won
first prize for Messrs. J. CYPHER AND Sons
in the class for one specimen Orchid; Messrs.
A. J. KEELING AND Sons coming second with
Odontioda Colinge var. gloriosa.

In the amateurs’ classes for six and for
three Orchids respectively, M:. J. MACARTNEY
(gr. Mr. C. F. Potts) won the premier awards,
and some of his best plants were Odontioda
Coronation, Brasso-Cattleya Veitchii, Miltonia
vexillaria, and Odontoglossum crispum. Mr.
MACARTNEY also had the best Orchid in this
section—a good Odontoglossum ardentissimum.

Roses.

For such an early date Roses were shown
more freely and in better condition than
usual. We remember occasions when the
Rose. section at York has been very fine,
but these occasions have been few and far
between and due to an unusually early
season.

Mr. Erisa J. Hicks, Hurst, had the best
collection of Roses, arranged on the ground
on & space six feet by four feet. He had
a .bright exhibit in which were pillars of
eut blooms of such attractive varieties as
Madame Butterfly, Moonlight, Diabolo, Jules
Levanches, K. of K., and Mrs. H. Stevens.
Mr. GEORGE PRINCE, Longworth, won the
second prize, and showed capital blooms of
Victoria, Allen Chandler, Vanity, and Madame
Herriot. Mr. GEORGE PRINCE led in the
class for a decorative table of Roses, the
space allowed being nine feet by four feet.
He had pillars of blooms of Emma Wight.
Irish Fireflame, K. of K., Ophelia, Mabel
Morse, Rosa haemispherica, and sheaves of
Lady Glen Oolin, and Lord Charlemont, and
a central basket of the bright Lady
Inchiquin.

— — re —

Mr. E. J. Hicks won the premier award

of £8, offered for the best collection of
seventy-two blooms in not fewer than three
dozen varieties. He had a good set, and
some of the blooms were of very fine
quality. A few of the leading varieties
were Mabel Morse, Felix Brix. Lady Craig,
H. V. Machin, Mrs. J. Heath, Mrs. Foley
Hobbs, Arthur Cook, and Pax Labor.
Second, Messrs. JARMAN AND Co.; third,

Mr. HENRY DREW.

For four dozen blooms in not fewer than
two dozen varieties, Mr. E. J. Hicks led
with Mrs. E. J. Hicks, Lady Dixon Hartland,
America, and Sovereign as his best specimens ;
second, Mr. GEORGE PRINCE; third. Mr. H. Drew.

Mr. Ernest Hicks, Wallingford, led in the
class for three dozen Roses and had capital
flowers of Bessie Chaplin, Mrs. G. F. Hudson
and Lemon Pillar: second, Mr. G. Prince;
third, Mr. E. J. Hicks ; fourth. Mr. H. Drew.
Mr. EnNEsT Hicks was also the most suc-
cessful competitor in the class for twenty-
four Rose blooms, distinct, and here ከር
showed excellent examples of Admiration,
Mrs. H. Bowles, Bessie Chaplin and Mrs.
Lamplough ; second, Mr. E. J. Hicks; third,
Mr. H. Drew.

Mr. Ernest Hicks was also first prize
winner in the class for eighteen Roses, and
was followed in order by Mr. E. J. Hicks
and Mr. Drew. For a dozen Roses Mr.
GEORGE PRINCE led, showing fine flowers of
Lady Charlemont. Lemon Pillar and Sun-
burst; second, Mr. Ernest Hicks; and
third, Mr. E. J. Hicks.

In the amateurs’ class for a dozen blooms
the two leading prize winners were Mr. G.
W. READER, Naburn. and Mr. W. Hutcuin-
soN, Kirby Moorside.

Hardy Flowers.

For a collection of hardy perennials, in-
cluding Lilium and other hardy bulbous
plants. but excluding Roses. and shrubs,
arranged on a space of three-hundred-and-
fifty square feet. the premier award of £15
was won by Messrs. HARKNESS AND Son,
Bedale, with a superb oval group of brilliant
colouring; indeed the three exhibits in this
class, together with some other hardy flower
classes, provided a feast of colour we have,
rarely seen excelled at a show. Messrs.
HARKNESS AND Son had magnificent Oriental
Poppies, a central grouping of Eremurus
and Lupins, Irises in great variety
Pyrethrums. Heucheras, Gaillardias, Aquilegias,
Geums and Violas. Seccnd prize was awarded
to Messrs. G. GrBsoN AND Co., Leeming Bar,
for a great lot of Oriental Poppies, Lupins,
Verbascums, Hemerocallis, ete., not quite so
carefully arranged as in the premier group,
but nevertheless very fine and brilliant;
Messrs. LONGSTER AND Sons, third.

Messrs.
successful competitors in the class for a
collection of hardy flowers arranged on a
ground space of eighteen feet by seven feet.
Here again they had a fine display of
Oriental Poppies in salmon, scarlet and
flame shades. tall Verbascums, Lupins in
variety, Pyrethrums and Lavatera Olbia;
second Messrs. GIBSON AND Co.

Mr. W. HvuTcHINSON, Kirby Moorside, won
premier place in the class for a dozen
bunches of hardy flowers, showing fine sets
of Lychnis Viscaria splendens, Heuchera,
Lupins and Oriental Poppies; second Mr.
H. 'TuNsTALL, Ouseburn; third Mr. R.
KETTLEWELL, Bedale; fourth, Mr. J.- Juss,
Sykehouse.

GROUPS.

Class, Messrs. J.
AND Sons won the leading prize
pleasing exhibit arranged. with their usual
artistry. It consisted of well. grown plants
so arranged as to display their full beauty
and yet produce an elegant effect. Codiaeums,
Dracaenas, Aralias, Palms. Bamboos, Liliums,

CYPHER
with a

In. the group

Begonias and various Orchids were all
utilised to great advantage. Mr. W. A.
HoLMES won second place, and Mr. 4. M.

PETCH, third.

THE GARDENERS

HARKNESS AND SON were the most -

In another group class, space allowed
three hundred square feet, Mr. Houmes led
with & pleasing effort, followed by Mr. J.
M.. PETCR; both showed Codiaeums :n good
colour, Palms and a few Orchids.

Mr. PICKERING, Clifton, was the only ex-
hibitor in the class for an ‘Ornamental Rock
Work," he showed a small pool with Water
Lilies, and rock work planted with Hyperi-
cums, small Campanulas and Violas, and with
Irises and Spiraeas near the water and
Pines and Maples on the higher parts.

Mr. J. W. WiNN, Moorgate, was the only
exhibitor of a rock garden arranged on a space
thirty feet by twelve feet. He had a simple
design but the planting seemed to need more

colour. Primula helodoxa, Saxifragas and
Mimulas were a few of the chief plants
used,

Several classes wero provided for small

groups of specified plants, and here the chief
prize winners were Mr. Hirst, for tuberous-
rooted Begonias; Messrs. PADGETT AND
Watson, Ousegate, for Gloxinias; Mrs. St.
Maur PALMES, Lingeroft, for Calceolarias ;
Messrs. PADGETT AND Watson for Carna-
tions; and Messrs. BLACKMORE AND LANGDON,
for a large group of Begonias, open class.

Floral Decorations.

Mr. SYDNEY WARREN led in the class for
a table decoration with an arrangement of
Odontoglossums, yellow Roses and blush
Carnations; second Mr. F. H. Warp. The

latter had the best hand-basket of flowers,
a bold design in blush and crimson Carnations ;
second Mr. C. E. Simpson. Mr. ELISHA J.
Hicks showed the best bowl of Roses, using
the variety Ophelia; this variety was also
used by Mr. Warp who won second prize:
Mr. T. M. Petcu third. Crimson agd blush
Carnations were used by Mr. Warp in his
first prize bowl of flowers, and Mr. አኳ.
WARREN came second with a bright arrange-
ment of Primulinus varieties of Gladiolus
and Iceland Poppies.

Mr. C. E. Simpson was the most success-
ful competitor in the ¢lass for a bride's
bouquet, winning with a pleasing design
composed of white Odontoglossums ; second.
Mr. WanD, with an arrangement of white
Carnations. The best bridesma'd's bouquet
was made of purple Cattleyas and white
Carnations by Mr. C. E. Simpson; second.
Mr. Warp, with Cattleyas and Odontoglossums.
For a pair of ball bouquets the leading
award was won by Mr. Warp, with one design
in scarlet Sweet Peas, and the other in white
and heliotrope Carnations. Mr. WARD was
equally successful in the elass for two hand
bouquets, one of yellow and the other of
heliotrope Carnations. For one bouquet Mr.
WARD secured first prize with Orchids
and Carnations, and Mr. C. E. Simpson won
second prize with Roses. Mr. Warp and
Mr. WARREN were first and second respectively
in the decorated dining table class, but there
was nothing original in either case. Fruits
as well as flowers were admitted.

Fruit.

J. BRENNAND, Esq. (gr. Mr. J. Hathaway),
Baldersly Park, Thirsk, was awarded first
prize for a collection of fruit, winning with
good examples of Foster’s Secdling Grapes,
Cardinal Nectarines, Peregrine Peaches, and
Emerald Gem Melons. Majgor Dent, Ribston
Park, Wetherby, beat Mr. BRENNAND for
Peaches, each showing the variety Peregrine.

For Black Hamburgh Grapes the awards

were made in favour of the EARL or
FEVERSHAM (gr. Mr. W. Williams), Dun.
combe Park. and Mr. J. BRENNAND respec-
tively. For white Grapes Mr. BRENNAND

scored with Foster's Seedling. This competi-

tor also had the best Nectarines—Cardinal :
the EARL OF FEVERSHAM coming second
with Pineapple.

Non-Competitive.
The non-competitive exhibits were unusu-
ally good and of diverse kinds. Messrs.
NUTTON AND Sons had a superb lot of

CHRONICLE.

JUNE 20, 1925.

Antirrhinums, the spikes being of fine
colour and quality and splendidly arranged
in bold masses. The commonly expressed
opinion, with which we concur, was that
never before had such brilliant colouring
been seen in an exhibit of Sweet Peas as
in the one arranged by Messrs. ROBERT
BOLTON AND Sons. Messrs. T. RIVERS AND
Sons contributed one of their fine groups of
well cropped fruit trees in pots; Peaches,
Nectarines and Figs being notably good.
Mr. H. J. Jones excelled with Hydrangeas
and his large group included all the newer
and brilliantly - coloured varieties. Messrs.
BACKHOUSE AND Sox, York, were extensive
exhibitors and their rock and water garden
was a centre of interest and admiration.

Another outstanding exhibit was the group
of Ixora coccinea from LADY NUNBURNHOLME
(gr. Mr. W. Kitchen), Water Priory, and to
this The Gardeners’ Chronicle Medal, offered
for the best amateur exhibit, was awarded.
The following is the list of awards made to
non-competitive displays :—

Large Gold Medal.—To Messrs. SUTTON AND

Sons; Messrs. Rost. BOLTON AND Sows;
Messrs. BACKHOUSE AND SONS; Mr. H. J.
JONES, and Messrs. T. RIVERS AND Sons.
God — Medal.—To Messrs. ToocooD AND
Sons, flowers and vegetables; Messrs. C. E.
SIMPSON AND Sons, fruit; Mr. C. ENGELMANN,

Carnations; Messrs. ALEX DICKSON AND NONS
(2, for Roses and for Sweet Peas: Messrs.
DoBBIE AND Co. Sweet Peas: Messrs. J.
PEED AND Sons, Caladiums, Hydrangeas, etc. ;

Messrs. MANSELL AND HATCHER, Orchids:
Messrs. E. WEBB AND Sons, greenhous:
plants and flowers; Messrs. KENT AND

Brypon, hardy flowers; Messrs. KELWAY AND

Son, Paeonies and Delphiniums; and Lapy
NUNBURNHOLME, Ixorus.
Suver-Giut Medal.--To Messrs. R. H. Batu.

Paeonies ; Messrs. BLACKMORE AND LANGDON.
Delphiniums; Messrs. M. PRICHARD AND
SONS, alpines; Messrs. BACKHOUSE AND SON,
alpines; Messrs. W. H. Simpson, Antirrhinums,
and Messrs. W. and J. Brown, Roses.

Silver Medal.—To Messrs. JARMAN AND
Co., hardy flowers; Messrs. MAXWELL AND
BEALE, hardy flowers; Messrs. LOWE AND
GiBsON, hardy flowers; Mr. F. G. Wooo.
hardy flowers; Messrs. Bakers, hardy
flowers; Mr. H. G. Lonerorp. Iris garden:
Messrs. STORRIE AND STORRIE, greenhouse
plants; Mr. G. W. MILLER, hardy flowers:
Mr. HENRY ECKFoRD, Sweet Peas; Mr. V.
C. Vickers (gr. Mr. Watkins), Aquilegias
and fruits; Mr. R. V. Rocers (2), alpine:

and Violas; Mr. C. H. HERBERT. Pinks;
Mr. A. H. Topp, Violas; Messrs. J. CHEAL
AND Sons, Dahlias; and Mr. G. Burcn.
Roses.

Small Sudver Medal.—To Messrs. REAms-
BOTTOM, Anemones; and Messrs. SKELTON

AND KIRBY, alpines.

DEESIDE (ABERDEENSHIRE) FIELD CLUB.

THE members of this Club, | numbering
over two hundred, had another highly
successful outing on Saturday, the l3th inst.
the venue being the Royal Forest of
Ballochbuie and the Falls of Garawalt, and
on the homeward journey a visit was paid
to Invercauld House, one of the most
beautifully situated mansions on Royal
Deeside. Entraining at Aberdeen the pariy
proceeded to Ballater. where a fleet of cars
and coaches was in waiting. These con-
veved the visitors thirteen miles up the
valley to the old bridge over the Dee built

by General Wade, who long years ago did
so much for northern Scotland in the way
of roadmaking. From thence a walk was

taken through the Royal forest of Balloch-

buie. Passing along the most exquisitely
beautiful woodland paths, the party saw
great stretches of real primeval forest, con-

taining grand examples of old Pines, their
wonderfully patterned boles evoking much
admiration. The famous Falls of Gurawalt

June 20, 1925.

was the first halting place, the
setting through which the waters
rumbling and tumbling over rocks in suc-
cessive bounds, reminding one of a flight
of steps, being greatly admired. From this
point could be seen Lochnagar and Beinn
a'Bhuird, on which great patches of snow
were visible near their tops.

The party lingered long here, and then
rejoined the conveyances which took them
to Invercauld House, where a warm welcome
was awaiting them from Lieut.-Col. A. H.
Farquharson, of Invercauld.. Here tea was

sylvan

served upon the lawn, and right heartily
did the visitors agree with Lieut.-Col.
Farquharson when he claimed with justi-
fiable pride that Invercauld House was one
of the most beautifully situated mansions
on Deeside. In front of the lawn lay the
silvery Dee, shimmering in the sunshine,

while around was a great range of majestic
hills, forming a setting unsurpassed in this
or any other country. Little wonder the
King and Queen and the other members of
the Royal Family find the fine bracing air
of this district so much to their taste. It
is, indeed, a fit setting for the home of
kings.

A short business meeting was held after
tea, when it was announced that the Club
had undertaken, with the kind permission of
Lieut.-Col. Farquharson, to conduct excava-
tion work at Kindrochit Castle, near Braemar.
the oldest castle on Deeside. The work will
be done under the supervision of Dr. ነነ.
Douglas Simpson. Lt:-Col. Farquharson gave
a racy outline of the Farquharson family
and their associations with Invercauld, and
Mr. John Macpherson, J.P., Braemar. a
great authority on the lore of the district.

supplemented Lt..Col. Farquharson's account
with a delightful and instructive paper on
the history of the Farquharson clan, jn

which he included accounts of many stirring
episodes in which, down through the cen-
turies, the clan had figured.

Sir Francis Outram, Bt, Aboyne, on
behalf of the party, warmly thanked Lt.-Col.
Farquharson and Mr. Smith, his factor, for

the kindly reception that had been given
them at Invercauld House. Mr. Macpherson
was also thanked for his address. Inver-

cauld House was thrown open to the party,

and great interest was taken in the won-
derful old pile. The room in which the
Jacobite leaders met in 1715, prior to the
standard being raised on the Braes O' Mar.
was duly shown. Thereafter the party
motored to Ballater. and entrained for
Aberdeen, after enjoying one of the most
delightful outings held under the auspices

of the Club.

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

ANNUALS RABBITS WILL NOT DESTROY. H. B. M.
Rabbits vary a great deal in their selec-
tion of plants for food, according to locality and
the supply of natural food available. The

following list is & good selection of annuals :

these animals seldom eat: Acrodinum paseum,
Anagallis, Bartonia aurea, Cacalia coccinea,
Chrysanthemum (annual varieties), Catan-
anche caerulea, Datura chlorantha, Esch-
scholtzia (many beautiful colours). Eutoca
viscida, Helichrysum, Lavatera, Limnanthes
Douzlasii, Malope grandiflora, Marigold (all

(kinds), Nasturtium, Nicotiana affinis, N.
Sanderae. Phacela campanularia, Poppies
(all kinds), and Zinnias. Many of these

may be obtained in separate colours. Plants
raised in pots and planted out are more
liable to ከቦ damaged by rabbits than those
sown where they are to flower.

ANTIRRHINUMS DISEASED: F. L. We could
find no fungus diseasc present on the
specimens received from you. Evidently

the trouble is due to sun seorch.

come -

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

Bie 8 on Yew: A. T. H. The big
buds in the Yew are caused by a cousin
of the mite causing Big Bud in Black

Currants. Its name is Eriophyes psilaspis
Nal., and is not uncommon on Yews,
especially when cut to form a_ hedge.

Apparently the cutting, like hard pruning
in the Black Currant, renders the plant
more susceptible. It is doubtful if anyone
has ever tried a remedy, but the obvious
line of trial would be dusting with fine
flowers of sulphur in the spring, and, if
necessary, repeating the treatment once or
twice at intervals of a fortnight.

Brown Rot FuNGUS oN CHERRIES: E. G.J.
The tree has been attacked by the Brown
rot fungus, Monilia cinerea, which attacks
through the flowers. All dead wood should
now be carefully eut out and burnt, leaving
nothing but healthy growth. If this is
not done the tree will be attacked more
severely next spring, as the fungus pro-
duces abundant masses of spores on the
dead wood and withered flower trusses.

CABBAGE Roor FLY oN BRUSSELS SPROUTS:
A. M. D. The Brussels Sprouts plants
are attacked by the larvae of the Cabbage

Root Fly. Phorbia brassicae. As a rule
Sprouts escape this pest, though Cauli-
flowers, especially early ones. are very

susceptible. Generally speaking, the quicker
growing the variety and the moro it is
stimulated by manure the more susceptible
it becomes. No cure can be effected.
Prevention may be secured when an attack
ix feared by the use of tarred felt dises.
These must be fixed round the plant so
soon as it is put out. A plan that is
preferred by some growers is to water the
plants on the ብከ, 10th, and 20th dav
after putting them cut with a solution of
corrosive sublimate. The strength employed
is one ounce per ten gallons. but it must be
remembercd that the substance itself is a
dangerous poison. At the strength advised,
however, it is weaker than when used as a
throat spray for human beings. lt has the
effect of killing the larvae and so should
be used in an advanced case like yours.

GOoOSEBERRY CLUSTER Cups: A. E. T. The
fungus is one of the “rusts” and is
known as the Gooseberry Cluster-cup
(Puccinia Pringsheimiana). It seldom, if
ever, causes appreciable injury to the
crop, dt is one of a class of fungi which
live during their life history on two
different kinds of host-plants; in this case,
the second host.plant is the Sedge (Carex).

Jamesia ameri-
identify; 3,

NAMES OF PLANTS: A. M. 1,
cana ; 2, too withered to
Crataegus coccinea; 4, Euonymus Thun-
bergianus; 5, Ribes aureum; 6, Spiraea
canescens var. myrtifolia; 7, Aegle sepiaria ;
8, Veronica elliptica; 9, Rhus cotinoides.
J. M. W. 1, Libertia formosa; 2, Fuchsia
.procumbens; 3, Nerium Oleander.

ONION SEEDLINGS UNHEALTHY: H. B. M.
When the seedlings arrived they were too
dried up to enable us to determine the
cause of the trouble. Send fresh specimens
packed in a tin box.

PEACH LEAVES DAMAGED: W. H. B. Gar-
stang. The injury to your Peach leaves
resembles that caused by “*8ር0፲ርከ1በ፪ " of
some kind. No fungus was present.

Pop FoR WaTeR Liris: F. C. K. In
making a Water Lily pond with puddled
clay. excavate the soil to a depth of
two feet to three feet, or until the clay
subsoil is reached, which must be absolutely
impervious to moisture; if not, hard,
impervious clay must be added and well-
trodd^n or kneaded continually until the
desired end is obtained. Care must be
taken to keep tho clay well moistened
during the operation; at no time should
it be allowed to become dry whilst
kneading it. If the work is not completed

' QUINCE UNHEALTHY: H. H. H. W.

in one day, the clay should: be well
wetted and covered with wet sacks or
similar damp material to prevent it from
cracking. Cement trodden in the clay is
very satisfactory, using from one hundred-
weight to two hundredweight to a pond
of the dimensions you state. It is
important that the pond be lower than
the ground level and that the sides or
retaining wall be well beaten to a sufficient
thickness so as to ‘prevent the water
percolating through and also to keep out
water -rats and moles, as these animals
betimes frequent Lily ponds in quest of
water, and the leakages they cause are
_ difficult to locate. Allowance must neces-
sarily be made for evaporation during hot
weather, as it is important that the water
should be kept up to the required level
for the successful cultivation of Nymphaeas.
However, cemented ponds are by far the
most satisfactory in the end. |

We have
examined the specimen twigs of Quince
and can find no trace whatever of fungus.

STRAWBERRIES DisEAsED: M. L. We feel
certain your plants are suffering from an
attack of eelworm, in which case they
should be dug up and burnt. In due
course obtain young, clean stock from a
new source and plant them on a different
site.

VINES UNsATISFACTORY. A. G. The unsatis-
factory condition of your vines is evidently
due to some cultural error, and in all
probability the condition of the border is
unsatisfactory. There was no fungus disease
present in the specimens sent. l

VARIETIES OF MusHRooMs: G. G. In olden
times, say nearly a hundred years
ugo, two reputed varieties of Mushroom

were grown in the neighbourhood of Paris.
One was grown in very firm soil, and
was of yellow colour. The other was
grown in very loose black, rich soil, and
on dung ridges. This was of small size
and of a delicate white colour. Both
were considered varieties of the common
or field Mushroom (Agaricus campestris).
In this country they are usually allowed
to attain full size before they are gathered,
as being more economical. The appearance
of them would be greatly improved if
they were gathered while the gills were
still of a delicate pink or flesh colour.
They would be more solid and white, if
gathered in the small state, known in this
country as “buttons.” It is usually at
this stage they ara used for pickling, and
necessarily would be more expensive if
bought from the markets though they
might be gathered in home cultures where
expense is of less importance than in a
market garden. It might be worth -while
trying Mushroom spawn from France to
see if the desired quality is obtainable.
It is certain that there are many varieties

of the wild Field Mushroom in this
country, varying in colour and other
respects, and some of them have been

cultivated at one time or another.

WHITE Worms: S. G., Rotherham. The pest
sent is a “white worm" or Enchytraeid.
These worms are frequently present in
rotting organic matter and are not usually
supposed to be harmful. Their presence,
however, often accompanies other troubles
causing rotting. In this case their presence
clearly shows that sterilisation was not
sufficient. Was the temperature of the
inside of the soil mass under treatment
ascertained ? The fa‘lure of the Tomatos,
ete, js probably due to other causes un-
ascertainable except by inspection. You
should apply to the Advisory Mycologist

at Leeds University, where advice — is
given gratis.
Comm ved, — 5. P.—

unications Reoeiv P—J. H.
Constant Reader—R. B.—G. G.—D. L. N.—W. R. B.—
A. S. W.—J. M. W.—G. H. C.

=

THE - GARDENERS’

. CH RON I CLE.

June 20, 1925.

— — MARKETS.

OPENT GARDEN, Tuesday, Jüne 10th, 1925.

'
1
፥
ነ

Plants in: Pots, etc. : Average Wholesale Prices.

oy (Adi 48's except where otherwise stated).

: Adlantüm ^ s.d. 8. d.
' cuneatum

per doz. ... 10 0-18 0

. —Megans ... 10 0-12 0

Ara ia Blebokdli.- . 9 0-10 0

raucari per

— voa E, 80 0-42 0

paragus ue j

mosus ... F .., 12 0-18 0

i —— - ,.12 0-18 0

spidistra, . እ 86 0-40 0
ve lenium, -

dox «885 eee EU 0-18 0

86 5 , 24 0-80 0

-—nidus .. ... 12 0-15 0

- per l

“ገዜ 125 7 50-70

Crotons, per doz. -30 0-45 0

| Rd 10 0-25 0

ea, '8 '
__ dos. = ES 21 0-30 0

E per doz.

8 0-310 0

H drangea 8. d. s. d.
te, 48's per
405. ... 18 0-0 0

—P 455 ፳፻
aoe” * ም .. 18 0-54 0
458 per

= pino;
doz eas LAE E 0-48 0

Marguerites, whi
48'8 per doz. ... ns 0-18 0

Mignonette, 48's

per doz. ... 15 0-18 0

A DIr SD
variety . .. 12 0-38 0
—$2’s . 24 0-36 0
Fuma, Kentia ... 30 0-48 0
5 0-18 0

Pteris, in variety 10 0-15 0

. —large 60's .. 90-60
—small

no 40650
—72's, per tray
. በ1 12 ... - .. 206-30
Rhodanthe, 45'8
per doz. .,. 80-10 0
Rosas. Pol ማግ)
48'8 per doz. ... 18 0-54 0

Cut Flowers, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.

Adiantum deco-

s. å. 8. d.

‘ram, doz. bun. TS 0-24 0

—cuneatum, per
doz. bun. ace
Asparagus plu-
mosus, per bun.

med. trails, 6'8
sprays eon

መ per bun

med, sprays sis
— per
doz. blooms ...
‘Chrysanthemum

maximum, doz.

bun. .... *
— per ak
"Cornflower, per
` doz. bun sri
Orton leaves,

TE. doz. leaves
Deifhhiniums, var-
. — per doz.

Fern, French, per
doz. bun. vs

'Gelllardia, - per

| doz. bun.
Galax, American,

green and bronze,

. per doz. bun. ..

Gardenias, n
box, 12's, 18's
Gladiolus, Blush-

. ing Bride, per
doz. bun

—White, per doz.

2 0-15 0

=r tS mi HO CO

t$ Orn
የ TPR የየየ
<= coco ooo

ሬ

0-00
80-40
1 6-20

09-26

20-50
0910
80-40
— 10
40-60

. 18 0-24 0

ee oe 12 0-18 0

— Blossom
per do». bun. .
M rede i per
oz. spikes:

‘ Halley, per doz.

ikes ...
v— Prince of W ales,

er doz. spikes
—Bearet, per doz.
Bream, per doz.

"White.
per doz. spikes.

፡ ከ896, white,

E

yz. bun. ...
Iceland Poppies...

Lapagerias, per
oz. blooms ...

Lilium tong foram

long, per doz...

. 12 0-18 0

16-20
30-10
40-50
40-50
50-40
40-50
9 0-12 0
20-20
36-40

m0 9

. —Molly 7 dharman

8. d. 8. d.
Lilium speciosum
rubrum, long,
per doz. blooms 40-
—short 5» 5

Lily-of- heey alley.
per doz. bun. ...

ኝና BI Blue, per :
— per dor. bun... 3
Orchids, per doz.
—Cattleyas ... 2ቄ 0-36
—Cypripediums.., 5
Paeonies, White
r doz.bun. 6's

Pinks, Her Maj-
‘, per doz.
Pinks, Mrs. Sin-
kins, per doz.
bun. .. 380-3 6
Pyrethrum
Doublo White,
doz. bun. ...
—Double rin,
ub ug

mond ..
—
— Butter-
me. Abel
- Chatenay ET
—Melody

Crawford M
—Ophelia ...
—Rfunburst To
Smilax, per doz.

trails...
Spanish Iris, per

doz. bun.—
.. 12 0-18 0

—Blue
—Mauve .. ... 12 0-18 0
... 12 0-18 0

—White ...

—Yellow ... .. 18 0-24 0

Statice, mauve ... 50-60

8 DANOS; per
pips .

rw English

Sultan White, pe T
doz. bun.
Sweet Peas,

doz. bun 5 0-12 0
Violas, perdoz. bun. 1 0- 1 6

irre we wf NN
T የየየ የየ የ የየ
e dg» oro A ሬር
ዉ OOO cO o oc

ce

30-30

9 0-18 0

6 0-80
per

REMARKS :—In this department conditions have been

fairly active during the past week.

Supplies have been

sufficient to meet ul! requirements, and prices have been

further reduced for all subjecta.
in good condltion in spite of the hot weather.
generally are very medium in quality, and
Nvhites are difficult to find. Other coloure

Carnations are arriving
Roses
ood reds und
Varietles are

መ a much better condition and include Madame Butterfly.
Columbia, America, Ophelia, Golden Ophelia, Sunburst,
Melody, and Mme. A. Chatenay. A few outdoor blooms
‘are now on sale but mostly bunches, which at present are

too: short for decorative purposes.

Spanish Irises ure

arriving in large. quan tities, but many blooms suffered
in transit before they Teached the market, t, and only those

. of white

cut in a backward condition are aultabl
d ae oni "Detptiintums are Incréasin

. and a better selection is
this department are (998%

new i arrivals in

"e ፻6-
“quantity almost
now, on sale.

Gaillardias, Sweet Sultans, and mauve Scabioga cnucasi
Scented Paeonles are arriv ing tn good condition froni

several districts and are in good demand.

Her Majesty and Mrs. Sinkins, are now taking the Boot

Pyrethrum, which begins to —

Double white- Stock ከኬ

Quat and meets a good demand; some Huc
e mauve and pink varieties are on. sale. 2

Average Wholesale. Prices.

finishing.

Fruit :

Apples— 8. d. 8. d.
—London Pippin c 0-18 0
New Zealand—

—Jonathan .. 18 0-20 0

—Sturmer... ... 20 0-22 0

— Delicious .. 17 0-18 0

—Dunns .. ... 18 0-20 0

—London Pippin 17 0-18 0

Tasmanian—

—Jonathan .. 16 0-18 6

—Scarlet Pear-

main ... 16 0-17 0
—Cleo — .. 18 0-20 0
—Others ... . 16 0-18 0
Bananas . . 16 0-27 6
Cherries, French,

per box . 16-30
— per crate . 60-10 0
—per box... 1 6-56
Figs (Forced) doz. 3 0-15 0
Goose berries,

per j sieve 50-70
Grapes—

—Belgian ... 20-26
- English—
—Hambro, perlb. 20-40

—Musca .. 40-80
—Canon iin .. 5 0-100
Grape Fruit,

Cuban ... . — 400
—Jamalca... — 400
—Florida, finest... 45 0-50 0

White Pinks,

much '
looms of

i5 d 8. d. s. d.
mons, Messina,

per box... ... 12 6-16 0
—Murcia .. ... 16 0-25 0
—Naples .. .. 22 0-65 0

Melons (Forced) 3 0- 6 0
Oranges, Jaffa ... 16 0-18 0

Vegetables: Average Wholesale prices.

8. d. s. d.

As

—Everham -
— Special .. si.
—Devon ...
Brane, Guernsey,

_ ናትን —
Beets, per cwt....
Broad Beans, per

bushel ...
Cabbage, per tally 10 0-12 6
Canary Island

Tomatos .200-27 6
Cauliflowers, per

doz. a . 20-50
Carrots, new, per

doz. bun. .. 60-80
Cucumbers. per doz. 4 0- 6 0
—Flats, 30's, 42's 12 0-18 0
Dutch Onions ... 11 0-15 0
Endive, per doz. 30-36
Greens, best, per

40-50

bag
Horseradish, per

ww AOS Mar
P PPF TTT
ሎሖ pat
eo Obr» OOo
o coco ooo

bundle ... 20-26
Lettuce, Cos, doz. 20-40
—Cabbage Let-

tuce 20-36

20-26
—brollers ... .. 10-16
Marrows, doz. ... 8 20

ears, 808
African—
—Keliffer ... .. 90-36
—Josephine de
Malines ... .. 560-56
—Winter Nelis ... 30- 56
—Doyenne oo u
Comice... ... 60-80
Pines eae 3 6- 4 6
Spanish Apricots—
—per j sieve . 10 0-16 0
—per crate ~ 6 0-10 0
Strawberries—
— —
2 lb. . 20-40
3 Ib. 30-76
x — d. s. d.
Onions,
* 10 6-15 0

English, per cwt. 12 6-14 0
—Spring per doz. 2 6- 3 0

Parsnips, per cwt. 30-40
Peas, English per

bushel . 14 0-20 0
Potatos
Island . 10 0-12 0
Potatos, per ton—
—Old, per cwt. ... 6 0-10 0
—New Guernsey,
er cwt. 10 0-12 0
pani, cwt. 10 0-12 0
new,
EX. . — 200
—St. Malo, per
cwt. .. 9 0-100
Radishes—
—Round . . LO 20

Rhubarb, per doz. 70-90
Spinach, per bushel 3 0- 4 0
Tomatos, English,
er Ib.—
Dk .. 10 0-11 0
—Pink & White... 10 0-11 0
—White ... . 80-96

—Blue ec? Tr 8 0- 9 6
—Guernsey .. 9 0-10 0
— new, per

doz. b 7 ,. 8 0-100

REMARKS.—A considerable volume of: produce is now

being handled in every: section.

The fine weather has

encouraged the demand for most fruits and the trade all
round continues good. Apples from New Zealand and Tas-
mania are moving at firmer prices, but it is likely that the
increasing arrival of Strawberries will have an adverse

effect on values of the former fruit.

The demand for

Pears and Grapes from South Africa has been maintained,
and Apricots and Plums froin Spain have found ready

buyers.

French Cherries have

been in very poor

condition, and the Strawberries from that country have
not been altogether satisfactory. As might be expected

Lemons and Oranges are in very flrm request.
Gooseberries are plentiful, the

Fruit Is also in demand.

Grape

supplies of Dutch berries being a disturbing factor so

far as English

Gooseberrles are concerned.

English

Tomatos have come along very heavily and prices have a

lower tendency.
paratively large
Asparagus 15 plentiful,

well.

The Cucumber trade
quantities
and with
prices are inclined to be lower.
required and are quoted at very low figures.
are not a good trade, a few tight cups only
Hothouse fruits, such as Peaches,

js good, com-
selling. well. . Evesham
Peas more abundant,
Broad Beans are not
Mushrooms
are selling
Grapes, Melons,

und Figs, ate available in quantities and are a moderately

active business.
plentiful.

Strawberries from all sourees are more

Green vegetables are scarcer and higher prices a are bei ing

asked.

New Potatos are a poor trade.

-- — — eye - — RE

GLASGOW.

ኩ1:51815=5 du
dificult all the past. week.

the eut flower market
As a result of the tropical

Has been" very

heat the blooms were badly blown and large quantities
were unsaleable so that salesmen were compelled ta
accept whatever prices were offered by the trade, con-

sequently the quotations whieh follow. are moge
nominal and cannot be regarded as an. indi

or ‘Jes:
tion o

AK Mmade Up

. t Di M
-and 1/6 to

Narcissi was worth 4/- to 5/-, Stocks 8d. to lj-,

, 45/-. The demand for Australian

‘rainy,

ን i. Tulips, Irises and --Pyrethrums -suffered
most and the former ከ18 made 60. for 6’s. There was a
glut of Pyrethrums and while blooms of special quality
to. 8d. and 9d. the bulk of the supplies
averaged: 2d. and 3d. and in some cases even less was
“accepted. Imperator Iris ranged from 1/- to 1/3, Louise

1” and yellow 1/3 to 1/6, but ordinary quality was only
E “worth i about Gd. Roses were cheap,

red hr E

Richmond selling at

='to R- per doz.; Mrs. H. Stevens, 1/- to 26, Ophelia
5 Mine. Abel Chatenay 3/6, and America, which was
a poor seller, only brought from 1/- to 1/6. Carnations
of all colours were fairly steady at 3/6 to 4;6 per dozen
and‘ locally- — Sweet Peas made 104. to 1:- for 12's
for 18’s. Lilium longiflorum (Harrissii)
was very plentiful at 2/- to 3/6 per dozen, Double White
Paeonies

። 1/-, for 153, large Gypsophila 1.- to 1 3, and
French 9d. to 1/-. Gladioli were less affected by the
heat than other flowers and the Bride and Hermione
averaged 1.- to 1:3, Maiden' Blush 1:3 to 1,6, and
Salmon 1/6 to 1.9.

Pot plants were in good demand. Large Hydrangeas
made up to 4.- each, small 1,6 to 2.-, Rambler Rose:
5/- to 7/- , Marguerites 9,- doz., Fuchsias, 4/- to 8.- each,
bowls of Gerauiums 5/-, Pelargoniums' 2፦ to 26 and
green Aspidistra 1,- to 1/3.

There was a better market for bedding plants and as
varieties were not so numerous higher prices were
conceded. Stocks were worth 2'- per box, Lobelia 1/6
to 2;-, Geraniums (Paul Crampel), 4- to 8፦ per dozen,
Coltness Gem Dahlias 4/- to 9, Marguerites in 3-inch
pots, 3i- per dozen, ተ ብይ 6,-, Gladioli, 4/-, Swert

88 and Chry Banthemurns, 1/0 per box.

The outstanding features of the vegetable depart ment
was the active demand for salads. Scotch-grown Lettuce»
advanced to 4/6 per dozen, English 4/- and Dutch 3,6.
Cucumbers sold from 6/- to 9- while Scotch Tomatos
averaged 14 to 1/7 per lb., English 1/3 and Guernsey

1/3 to 1/4. Radishes were 1;- up at 2- to 4'-, Asparagus
fluctuated between 4,6 and 0/6 per bunch. French
Carrots and Turnips were dearer at 1/4 per bunch and
Dutch realised 01. and 7d. Cauliflowers av eraged 46
and 5/6 per doz., Peas and French Beans, 2/- per Ib.
Teneriffe Potatos dropped to 12- per case and Maltese
were worth 17j-.

In the fruit section English Strawberries ranged from
1/6 to 2,0 per lb', Gooseberries from 41. to öd., Cherries
2/8 to 2/9, and the first arrivals of French Apricots sold
at 13/- to 15/- per case. Oranges were dearer, Burriana
240 and 300 at 30.- to 36/-, 200, 360, and 504, 26/- to 32-
per half case, 420, 39;- per case, and Murcias 36/- to
Apples continued
firm, Jonathans realising up to 23,- per case, Cleopatras
22/- to 24|-. and other brands 19/- to "DL-, while
Australian Pears (Winter Nelis and Beurré Bosc)
averaged 12/- to 14/- per tray. Home-grown Peaches were
worth from 10/- to 24/- per dozen, Dutch 8/-. - English
Hamburgh Gra de 3/- to 4/6 per lb., aud Dutch, 8;-.

Grape Fruit sold freely at 30,- for 61's, and at 82.- for
80’s and 96's.

TRADE NOTE.
LIST OF FORTHCOMING EXHIBITIONS.

The Gardeners’ Chronicle, Ltd., having com-
piled - for their own use a typed list of
forthcoming exhibitions to the end of 1925.

can supply copies of this list at 2s. 6d.
each, on application to the Publisher.
Gardeners’ Chronicle, 5, Tavistock Strect,

Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

THE WEATHER IN MAY.

THIS month's weather was practically the reverse oí
that of a normal May at Southport. The mean air
pressure was lower than that for any previous May
since the record commenced fifty-four years ago, but
until the last few days there was extremely little
wind. The month was, therefore, uncommonly humid.
and dul. The cloudy days, and warm, and
sometimes misty, nights, gave a very small mean
dally range of temperature. The maximum ther-
mometer only once touched 70°, but there was no
oceasion of frost in the screen, and merely a slight
ground-frost (and that ou the lst). The — tota!
evaporation was the smallest vet measured for May.
Growth was very backward and irregular, and there
was a marked lack of spring-tlme blossom, which
formed a striking contrast a the profusion of 10524.

The mean temperature waa 22.3. or 1.2° above the
average. Only one-hundred- ante fifty-five sunny days
were recorded, or fifty-five fewer than the normal
number. Rain fell on twenty-two days, or eight
nore than usual; and the total quantity was 3.9?
inches, or 1.86 inch above the average. Thunder
was reported on four days, but only the fringes

of the respective thunderstorms extended 10 Southport.
A very brief and slight gale occurred on the morning
of the 28th. Joseph Bureiuell, The Fernley Obser-
vatory, ዘ

— — — — — —

SCHEDULE RECEIVED.

sr. ÜTEPHEN's HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY.—Exhibition to
be held f& The Park; Frogmore, on Thursday, July 2$.—
St. Albext. - Mr. J. E. Partridge, 8 School House Park Street,
bang. < 2073

22 Mery. fibrous Yellow. Turf Loam

duo Dp al ABIES ፡፡ . PHB: GARDENERS CHRONICLE. oa MS -፡:.--

A : | LAWN MOWERS |) ume |

ፔቴይሇ።፡»።።። * *wsetag Qe ERP SE COT ዋይን ቃዞኖ- መው ደ srsenenraeenuevnnag መ ወሮ 8 nye

‘By ETTA opo mnt To Mu Majesty Tre. Hn

GARDEN ROLLERS 5 TENNIS MARKERS |
— EN Million sos,

— PRAN iit de.
IS M "o FEE CON Me Lö:

- MOTOR. LAWN NOWER TRIALS.

Greer” 5- Motor- Mowers secured the HIGHEST AWARD.

of the ROYAL HORTICULTURAL | SOCIETY a | | Moron mowers ;

the “Motor “Mower "Trials ded in. Regents Park 08. | | መመ መመሙ ኤ፥ lus

SGAM SPU Stina ING mi, 20 ins sé 28 0

Mey I 13th, 192 5. > - ሸአሸክክ/6, Efficient sind 0::9፡5:/7//:5...
— May, be Kad from any ፤፻:7,94))8፡85ዮ

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Ahea #6477፤ des fas DAT m itid BUA: us

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GARDEN. HOSE
ላቭ Makes in ‘Stock,
5 Prices ከ66. 46. —

| Any dang cut.

ጭንህ t : ፡ *
a ኑፍ 229. fasts ንዳ ጮሃ

| NATIONAL.
| ROSE SHOW

On one Stand you |
91. 884. many s 5
novelties. i (du

NOS) €

T Pa ee 1 ያየ ሚነ” . ነየ.

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11 ጢጨዔማ 565: [[8መመፎ —
te * —

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ግዝ ከ ንን "iege pelis. 5 Fruit: |
Freem: etés- Bimal! soft ivites-ure petransatly fixed >
at definite Intervils Of 44* gr 8* as orefert&d; on the
^o far wires. 3:84 8- 8 ር! ከፀ vire uh tus.
- Angers and the.onpes are ahaolntely secure, . -

| An Colis 9726 yda; Aj- ዘ” — 3 e count
DEREN " 55. CAS |
A ae ^ "E We

E ‘SYRINGES
c A A bg select ton vf Garden ae
pde ur -Syringan in took.

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i. <a in oor Showrooms ‘the

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9, , ፡

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] ዘፈ Cataloyüe GO 24. Pans RA

RICHARD.
MELHUISH

LIMITED |
Tool, ጀን Bardware Morehanta ነው
50. St, B4, FETTER LANE,

"and 145 HOLBORN. BARS,
LONDON, E EC. 4 ፻፳ ሀ 6:56.

;L0G SAW ©
Taghitlng Teeth
..Bheffield make. >
| ን ያልክ ለል fags: Faas ኢን Beet saw for logi SS ee Sey
th Brice: 2: ) Length. Priee 5 RU uA
No, et pra imp 137 Aj- eaoh PS Weecutüng; = = —— No. C 180. -
s HEE "a gu M dae Ne DAE | ፻በርር Ns ሜር a :
QNA | Now s 881 ፻ heave un bet. a ሠ. :...,፻ዉጢ. Carriage 1/8 *

TURF “LOAM. ‘SLUG. DESTROYER |

For. VINE . “BORDERS, | CARNATIONS, Pgs SB ‘prepared against: dhe anslanght of fug. A d

, ROSES, MELONS, CHRYSANTHEMUM S: [cl 075.., Issure your: éropé ቭህጻ[ዕርከ these. peste—ase = -|] “The Largest Raisers, Growers & Exporters
ASS ie UMS E ln -M MONAGHAN'S SLUG DESTROYER" |
TEDITA UNDAE. OMA MEC ME eee "Pioneers of. The Samose Methods.

* EATH TO SLUC e. AR

. .BONT DELAY. — WEITE TODAY. . CHARLESWORTE ሌሴ CO, um
A B IOHNSTON, Per packet Vey pastáge, Mi tT 1፡6: pkt 8d. extra, ] |
New Park, Cranleigh, ‘SURREY. E E MONACHA F Maitt T 1. HAYWARDS HEATH, BUBAI

110581. comprehensive stock af : —
“Garden Tools’ in this country.. |

JvNE 20. 1925.

ANTED, assistant ROSE GROWER,

Outside; used to budding, etc.—State experience
and wages required, permanency for suitable man, to
ERNEST PAUL AND CO,, The Old Nurseries, Cheshunt.

ANTED, YOUNG MAN, in
nursery, for Inside and Out, with knowledge of
Asparagus, Ferns, Tomatoes, Chrysanthemums and vege-
tables, must be quick and obliging, little experlence of
horses preferred and take charge when owner away,
wage 45-; also YOUNG MAN to go with horse and
make u time in nursery, wage 40 -. References to
J. INGLE, Bourne Road, Thornton-le-Fvlde,
Blackpool.

W^ TED, two general NURSERY
HANDS used to inch potting; regular work
and good wages to willing men.—Apply MILLS,
Creswick Nursery, Gipsy Road, Welling, Kent.

ERBACEOUS and ALPINES. — Smart
MAN (unmarried), with good vers sae of
ropagation, lifting, despatching, etc., wanted by tch
rm; wages 60/-—Apply, with refs, etc, 8. T.
Box 34, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2.

ANTED, JUNIOR ASSISTANT for

retail Seed and Florists’ PROB. CABIN stating
age. wages required, and experience, to BRUNNING
& CO, Regent Street, (፥1. Yarmouth.

LORIST-MANAGER wanted for new

flower shop to open October Ist, address stating

experience. References and salary expected, FLORAL,
Box 37, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2,

ope)
መ

"TRAVELLER wanted by an old-established

firm with extensive connection between the
Tyne and Trent. a young, energetic man with good
all-round horticultural knowledge, to call upon the

retail trade: first-class references absolutely essential;
a good opening for a resourceful and willing man.—
State salary, commission, and expenses, also experience

and references, to X.Y.Z., Box 2, 5, Tavistock
Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

ADY FLORIST, N.E. suburb, good sales-

woman, with knowledge of seeds, bulb and nursery
trade; must be capable of managing young assistants ;
economical mounter with good experience in departments.
'" jn strict confidence, with full particulars, age,
experience, A.B.C., Box 30, 5, Tavistock
Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

LORIST.—Young LADY required to take
charge of floral depart.; must be good at all

designs.—F ull Tticulars as to age, experience, and
salary required, to BARNWELL BROS. Florists,
Worthing.

SITUATIONS WANTED

PRIVATE.

STATE BAILIFF or HEAD GARDENER,

13 years above joint-appointment with noble-

man; highest references: as to character and ability ;

disengaged. — H. STOWE, Grosvenor Road, Hands-
worth, Birmingham.

(ብ... 5. HEAD.

now in Yorkshire,

desires post about August, life experience, R.H.S. .

certificate,
necessary.—Apply G. H.,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

(GARDENER: HEAD, two or more, thor-
oughly efficient Inside and Out: conscientious:
married. — HEDGECOCK, High

midlands preferred, own expenses paid if
Box 27, 5, Tavistock Street,

alpines, propagation ;
Street, Fareham.

ARDENER, HEAD, or

© DED, all-round experience, reliable gardener,
Inside ፤ and Out, married, age 34, cottage required.—
CLARE, Nettlestead Court, Wateringbury, Kent.

YARDENER. HEAD. or
DED, life experience, Inside and Out, fruit,
flowers, vegetables, Carnations a speciality, age 30,
married, two boys, 9 and 14 years—G. NEWBERY, The
Park Cottage, Bromley Road, Catford, S.E. 6.

ARDENER. HEAD. or good SINGLE-
HANDED, with Son to help; life experience In all
branches of gardening; excellent references; ages 40 and
—Apply J. D., Box 31, 5, Tavistock street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

ARDENER. HEAD or

HANDED, life experience Inside and Out, age
30, married, two in family; abstainer, good references.—
A. ርን Iris Court Gardens, Pangbourne,
erks,

SINGLE-HAN.

SINGLE-HAN.-

=

good SINGLE-

THE GARDENERS

market .

near.

~ charactef.— PIM,

ARDENER, HEAD or SINGLE-HANDED,

life experience all branches, Inside and Out;
references ; married, age 44; experienced electric light
ከር as 22, Atherton Street, Battersea Park

» S. W.

mM OP TV ——

Y ARDENER, HEAD or SINGLE-HANDED,

life experience Inside and Out, age 38, widower,

— ንአ ORDEN Wellesbourne Road, Barford,
arwick.

— — —— A— — —— — — — —

AS HEAD or SINGLE-HANDED, with
Ps help: personally recommended; leaving own
wish: 19 years’ experience all branchea; take full
charge: age 44, married. no family: cottage uired ;
no. objection to neglected garden.—PEARSON, Tower-
head Cottages, Banwell, Somerset.

He GARDENER highly recommends
. his Foreman as HEAD or SECOND, thoroughly

experienced Inside and Out, bees: excellent refs.,
age 36, married.—R. B., 38, Turton Road, Wembley.
V AJOR C. NICHOLSON highly recom-
4

mends his HEAD WORKING GARDENER ;

9 years here; life experience Inside and Out; age
37.—Apply A. CRIPPS, Lois Weedon House, Tow-
cester, Northants.

YARDENER. HEAD WORKING ; life ex-
perience all branches; married: excellent,
references; with cottage —GARDENER, c'o J. Smith,
Newsagent, — Nhepperton-on-Thames, Middlesex. (No
cireulars.)
EAD WORKING GARDENER, life ex-
perience in good establishments, accustomed to
high-class produce in all departments, highly recom-
mended, age 36, marrjed.—G. DAWES, 25, Palehouse
Common, Framfield, Su%ex.

RS. PIM recommends HEAD GAR.

DENER, WORKING, with two or three
under, leaving owing to reduction of staff: 10 years’
Raswell, Hascombe, Surrey.

G ARDENER. HEAD WORKING; first-
elass experience, — fruits, flowers, vegetables:
thoroughly competent : highly recommended; disengaged

. when suited.—BOLTON, Ystrad, Carmarthen Town.

(4^ EDENBE. HEAD WORKING, expe-
rienced Inside and Out, married, no family, wife
willing to help in house occasionally, or manage
poultry highly recommended ; state wages.—CARTER,
9, West Hill, Epsom, Surrey.

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, 20 years

all-round experience, good establishments, present
Head of ፓ for 54
nations, Chrysanthemums, ete. capable laying out
ground. well recommended, married.—FRIEND, Grange
Farm, Chartridge, Chesham, Bucks.

(15 Dos HEAD WORKING, or good
'ጃ SINGLE-HANDED, age 30, life experience Inside
and Out; excellent references; married when suited.—
Ns T., Box 33, 5, Taviatock Street, Covent Garden,

ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, or good

SINGLE-HANDED, life experience Inside and Out,

three years’ reference, 25 previous, cottage required.—
JESTICO, The Lodge, Lingwood, Cobham, Surrey.

ARDENER, SINGLE-HANDED; married,

3 children; cottage; good referencer, present

situation 09 years : age 32.—W. A. MEACHAM, Laundry
Cottage, Bilton Grange, Rugby.

ARDENER requires situation,

HANDED or kitchen garden; age 25; married ;
good references; estate being sold. — HARDING,
Ifold Park, Loxwood, near Horsham, Sussex.

ARDENER, SECOND, experienced in
large gardens, good knowledge hardy fruits, her-
baceous borders. ete., also Inside. Good references,
married, age 32, cottage.—J. WEEDON, The Ark, South
Bersted, Sussex.

[5m GARDENER wishing to gain

more Inside knowledge, seeks situation Inside and
Out, able to use scythe, 22 years of age, 5 Kitchen,
Garden, and Pleasure Grounds, also some Inside know-
ledge, bothy preferred, excellent references, disengaged
when. suited.—C. H. M., co 48, Holmes4ale Road,
Surrey.

SINGLE-

Reigate,

OREMAN, Inside, or good SECOND,
age 31; life experience gained in first-class estab-
lishments, including Moor Park, Ottershaw Park, and
Buryhill; past two years as above; married.—BULLI-
uo E. 2, Oxford Villas, New Road, Weybridge,
Surrey. z

['OREMAN, 18 years’ experience in large
private establishments, age 36, single.—R. B., Box
24, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

LEASURE GROUNDSMAN requires situa-

^ tion as LEAD, excellent. refs, age 24. Please
state wages, with bothy, etc.—L. ITING, The
Bothy, Bookham Grove, Bookham, Surrey,

years, Melons, Vines, Peaches, Cnr- .

CHRONICLE.

C EDWARDS, Staplefield Place Gardens,
e will be pleased to recommend E. PHILPOTT
for Pleasure Grounds, used to motor mowers and
duty, age 24; married when suited.

ECTOR, Little Easton, Essex, highly
recommends young GARDENER (21); excellent
character and good abilities.

ARDENER, single, good grower Inside

and Out: excel flowers and vegetables: town or

country: highest references; shortly disengaged.—HOPE,
12, Seward Koad, Hanwell, W.

OURNEYMAN seeks situation, Inside,
rears at present, Inside and Out.—J. HINSBY,
The Gardens, Copped Hall, Epping, Essex.

ARDENER-HANDYMAN, Single-handed.
seeks re-engagement, with cottage; cows, poultry,

etc.: wife good butter maker; two boys age 12 and 9.—
D caos Box 32, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden,

YOWMAN-GARDENER, age 35, married.
. understands Jerseys and other cows, good butter
maker; 10 years’ good references; wife help in house if

ብጣ
==

c

nceded.—W HARE, 50, Paddington Street, W.1.
UGH ‘KERSHAW, Esq, Lew House
Bampton, Oxfordshire, wishes to recommend

a strong YOUTH for Kitchen Garden and Pleasure
Ground under Foreman: bothy preferred. —FOSTER
KITE, Norton, Worcester.

Cet. RECTOR. with large garden.
.' strongly recommends LAD, 164. with 2| years’
experience under good = gardener, for further work
under Head Gardener, Strong.’ willing, industrious.—
Rectory, Saham, Thetford, Norfolk.

TRADE.

URSERY MANAGER or GENERAL
P FOREMAN, with a life experience in general
nursery subjects, including fruit, Roses, and coniferae,
outside and inside, accustomed to
and giving advice to clients on planting or
landscape work, also exhibiting, last 30 years jn sole
control of good wholesale and retall trade,
married, no family.—C. G. Q., Box 34, 5,
Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

ROWER, general, first-grade crops, Inside

and Out, shop trade or wholesale; sixteen
years’ practical experience; energetic, single, good
controller, take full charge.—W. H., Box 22, 5, Tavi-

stock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

LPINE and HERBACEOUS PROPA-
GATOR desires post in Nursery, 4 years' experi-
ence; good references; South or West of England
piene —Apply Laura Villa, Alpha Road, Southville,
tol.

yous MAN, experienced landscape, rock

work, walls, Jawns, etc., as FOREMAN, or other-
wise; single; 35; anywhere.—P. H. A., Box 18,
5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2.

OREMAN and GROWER, London, Pro-
vincia] experience with all market and shop produce,

ሯ

pot, soft-wooded. decorative plante, cut bloom, fruit
propagation, und general routine of branches; good
references.—Ivy Cottage, Leighs, Chelmsford.

( x ROWER of Ferns, Cucumbers, Chrysanths.,

Tomatoes, bedding plants, or Outside work ; single :
30 years’ experience; age 48.—BARKER, 3, Lloyds Street,
Sittingbourne, Kent.

b ds MAN

requires situation in Car-

nation Nursery, six years’ experience gained in
well-known nurseries: good references.— T. W., Box 28,
5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2,

NEW GARDEN NETTING

50 x 4 yards at 25/-, carr. paid
DIAMOND MESH.
Prompt Dispatch.

NEW SQ. MESH

from 4d. yard.

Samples

NET

on request.

A. CRIPPS & SONS,
22-24, Pear Tree Road, DERBY.

y^

LIMINE — THE GARDEN M e

The —5 — — xf | 3153
WKEUSS GLASSHOUSES -

1s hs auMcyme oh pienia expen pbi US
n (ክ፡፡7 nina ከ፻ REC 25/4855... Ge $
yo ABTS 18690 a Sree v. — Bathe 10 .-
the: eee ot taer toysyotnan. dock the 4
TAGS: ምረ AN ፣ Pris P ዳነጩ ፤

ዛ

Ravin — —— Fg — —

lO ttt

; “568 CaN BUDE ልን the =
economical shading on the rnarket.
| ORDER WOW. Particulars on apyiveation.

REPAIRING AND .RERAINTING |
-BLASSHOUSER-

aR 881. Dur-

i Vd WAS Co. (Chelsea)
HORTICULTURAL | — i HEATING ENGINEERS.

: Zo Wa

Premier. ጊዘ and ተርነር Puan;
eh iron :

| Wheels, Hose Pinion
ወ Bors 56‹5/ሀ8, ond ‘Canvas. DERVENT

TSN ID C ፡ 3d 1925;

^
— ው መሙ መሙ — a 9 WONUCEN Be Se Sees DRE GL — — — — — — ሠጨ መመ — — —
፦

CHRONIC LE

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—— sent to any pan of the kingdom |
ts advise and: take particulars of proposed work. —

L n M I T E | D,
"BEESTON, NOTTS.

Ce been. bailding Greenhouses fom 1841.
1925. a record. of 84 years of sound —

` GOOD Greenhouses last—others do not.
: The ROBIN- HOOD- BOILER

reduces. the fuel. bill and saves ‘labour.
Estimates. on “application Free.

PREMIER.
AI | BIAPHRAGN -
: - የሀዘየ፪-
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des ae J s -: ce: CETT A ፡ “Prone:
| በገፎ የሳር: gemraers eure te memes a | CHAS. P. KINNELL & Co. Ltd. 225,

16 30 d uie 2 Dairi Hosa, With. Beasa Branch, 88689, and TA:

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Aputa V? tate WAS: Poster sante. ^tatoligues -
| ጠበመ-ገዛጻ WATERER, SONS ይ PIEN LIMITED

Bhai (Barbs), ለርሻ. f — [694 OH.

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qeunnte NEMÜS- የይ አትም imer

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- አህቨር8' SAPNE per packet I3 and. Ts.
Putton' ሦ Flower: of Sprini per packet i. iee. |a

ር k have never grown «net. lively ን ው -
as I have thls Si a's from. your Bariut <
- aped. OF 500 plants, not one ከ610ቦ0, J cun.
።-. strongly. tecommend Harbinger 3፲። the ‘finest.
og ‘abbaxe br ንህ ቫይን Tor Antom sowing.”

SMr. Z Pane. North 227

sum TON. & SONS, The King 5. .‹
" ‘READING. = ጫ - ii

ae 5885. FLOWER 5

VEGETA BLE SEEDS

“home d ነ m ሪያ a በከርን a i — : ES cer. "| አበበና ክር

— ee OS qoe f: T. — 209, ርን ይደር DC የ! Send ከሎ Special Edat, ‹ |

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med "varieties : 9t; ርደው መለል. ai: SEE

pig ^ ULP FU. AC DAT A E

da: the. tiha ta
KRUWAYS LOVELY
rfe Kelways have. brought.
which ali thought impossihle.: The: stately
= flower spikes Add á stoking ard domin
nor) om garden, ` ànd they
- entrancing, tone cot that: rare cealour thie.
.unllectlon “15” ood varie lex, -

towering.
Ant Ante
‘pravide every

Tij per dozen.

፡ 188- per 100, — Namen. colection. SOC. ab |
| “exceptional ‘beautityy Wye, Dee: omen: .
| ^. ‘the መይ: umm : —
ES GAY: ATETA WAR. Sr —

‘profusion. pf fibe flowers this Viar These paris -

166. Du ot bonis

F

Named

A⸗ bed ዲይ — —

a.

wens & Sons, Ltd, The King s S Seedumen
- STOUR RBRI 565.

E l tory or D LAWNS AND THEIR UH.
— Jorwarded. ከ808 pplication (o J AMT HB ^
dise DORAIN Airaa —— ክባ ር |

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ከ USS E LL CLE M A T
Tadhg cvarbettesz Y abana

dp- all we "wid: ;
dm appieatonz—

* ^ perenntale -- owitiistand. - u^ droni "ht vell: the, red. s citi bus ጾ ፡ ቴክ — —— *
road yellow Rowers. tast dong. ‘When z6MÉ NO 5 S es l ደ
— gante Jook fuer dm. a hold ህየ0በ8 by themis- | ——

eH ኤክ D Ld wn pues Any gd. RE hhip 1. XM:
T. flies. ^ Named va eet ap Ate ef | t E ONE

* © jer ሀ0-. ክር 101 - > i = V spec KER- AND. BONE,

- 1 TB. Lawrence: Road, Reth ‘Tottenham, NU

ከ8 PROMOTES: aS ur —— haer Deen > EE onse valores.

Devisen, Ws ofcr- mur pétzos, but we wll give -you =
በርዮ value- di Raray -አ]ኋከ1።፡ vehicle wilh irow. fm the

ROME, tfe es v. ea: “ፍች 8፣፡. “ሸሸ ihe: MRU
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Whiter Bardens, ‘wineries, yFeattcopuse, S
"Pares. m dings MUS US EM As

TE

e. awara DEL PHINIUMS

CAP. Wh AEEY.

roU awe invited. to inspect 11165: arid p
Kelwas iiwer. at Plat 3, Hortientinrsf ‘S¢otion,
British. Empire ‘Exhibition. ‘Kindly: hand your ram to: Dur

fen ይቪ RESET RE ም ሯ- ን Bc seas T |

li.

SALES BY AUCTION. -
WEDNESDAY NEXT, JULY Ist.
AT THREE O'CLOCK.
Consignments of

BAY TREES, PALMS, ARAUCARIAS,
ASPIDISTRAS, |

and other decorative Plants from Belgium.

JM ESSRS. MORRIS,
will sell the above at they CENTRAL SALE ROOMS,

PROTHEROE &

67 & 68, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.C. 2
On Wednesday next, July 1st.

Catalogues post free on application.

——M— — — —

By Order of the Executors of the late Anthony
Waterer, Esq.

HORSELL AND KNAP HILL,

Near Woking, Surrey.

Ne BUCKLAND & SONS
AY.

Instructed to offer for sale by auction at
THE ALBION HOTEL, WOKING,

On Thursday, 9th July, 1925, at 4 pm.,

important FREEHOLD ESTATE, in
area about 445 acres.

comprising THE NOTED KNAP HILL NURSERY,
one of the most extensive, as it 8 one of the
oldest establishments in England in which the
cultivation of Rhododendrons, Azaleas, and other
American Plants, has been made a speciality, and
contains some of the finest plants to be met with
in this country or in Europe. In area ABOUT
160 ACRES, together with the interesting old house,
called
WHITFIELD COURT,

Stables, Farm Bulldings and Grounds;
Manager's House, Office, Packing Sheds,

and long ranges of glasshouses and pits.
The attractive, solidly-built Residence, “ HOMEBUSH,”
with Cottage, Stabling. useful Outbuildings, and
surrounding arable and grass land, standing high.
About 200 ACRES in extent, possessing valuable

building frontages.
A charming country cottage residence, called “ THE
OAKS,” with outbuildings and garden of about ONE
ACRE. Let on agreement expiring 1927, at £70
per annum.
About 10 acres of Building Land in Chobham Parish—

are

The choice and

with
the

also
Stores,

a RUILDING ESTATE called Whitflelds—ripe for
development, having an area of 73 ACRES and
10 GOOD COTTAGES.

Particulars, Plan, and conditions of Sale may be

had ot
Messrs. Martineau & Reid, Solicitors, 2, Raymond
Bulldings, Gray's Inn, W.C. 1,

And of the Auctioneers, 4, Bloomsbury Square. London:
Windsor, and Slough.

PROPERTY FOR SALE.

ARKET GARDEN for sale in the
prosperous seaside town of Rhyl, North Wales,
comprising 3 large greenhouses, vinery, garage, and Out-
buildings suitable for conversion into two semi-detached
houses and approximately 1,500 square yards of well
planted and cultivated garden; for sale cheap to an
enterprising person who is capable of developing.
Exceptional opportunity Detailed BUN MA. from the
sole agents, CECIL T. ROBES A CO, LTD., 2a,
Brighton Road, Rhyl.

THE

|

GARDENERS

BUSINESSES FOR SALE.

*

ላ" a Sacrifice for quick sale. Nursery-
man's, Florists’ and Landscape Gardener’s Business
in wealthy S. const town. Premises comprise good shop
with 420 ft. run oi glass in good order. Rent £70 on
lease, Excellent) Residence adjoining available. First
reasonable offer accepted.—Apply AUBREY ፌ CO,
90, Newgate Street, London, E.C. 1.

N Old-Established | Seed
4 Business in country town,
through accidental death of owner.
House in main street with about 2 aeres walled gardens,
outbuildings. glasshouses, ete. Price, including freehold
premises and stock, €2.250. [In same family over 100
years,—Apply AUBREY & CO. above.

A Gardener’s Business,

and Nursery
Oxfordshire, for sale
Comfortable Dwelling

FIRST-CLASS. well-known Landscape

with Hardy Plant Nursery
in the English Lake district successfully carried on by
p. sent owner for the past 32 vears. Certifled net profits
ust year nearly £700, About 3 acres of beautifully laid-
out grounds having extensive main road frontage,
Valuable collection. of shrubs. and plants. Price com-
plete, £3,000.—Apply AUBREY & CO.. above.

XCEPTIONAL opportunity to

at low price, as going concern, Nursery,
and Landscape Gardener's Business in
resort. Owner leaving to take up appointment ;
must sell immediately ; lease 16 years renewable,
and valuable goodwill: first offer over £200 secures;
stock at valuation ; house. adjoining.—NU RSERY,
Box 49, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

acquire
Florists'
large Sussex

Nursery, with
for £2 500: every-
Road, Le ^y tonstone ;

Florist
well equipped,
High

ee compact
Dwelling House,

thing complete.—Apply TR,
E. 11.

CHRONICLE.

JUNE 27. 1925.

LAND OR PROPERTY
WANTED.

ANTED. to rent, Nursery with 400 ft.

to 600 ft. run of glass, or Gentleman's Kitchen
Garden.—W. H., Box 38, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

ENTLEMEN not requiring their Kitchen
Gardens and Glasshouses, Advertiser. now con-
trolling large, private gardens for commercial purposes,
would rent same.—G. F. H., Box 47, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C. 2 .

BUSINESS CARD.

AMES BACKHOUSE, F.LS, F.R.HS.,
for many years Chairman of the late firm of James
Backhouse and Son, Limited, having retired from York,
offers his services as GARDEN CONSULTANT: 30
years’ experience, specially in connection with Alpine and
Herbaceous Plants: advice given for Rock Garden
construction and planting, also for permanent flower
borders, boundary plantations, etc.—Address for terms to
Caer Fegla, Arthog; North Wales.

———— À — ——— —— —— | -— o ee tee መመ — —À —— ———

PARTNERSHIPS, F INÁNCIAL,

&c.
ORKING PARTNERSHIP desired or
would manage sinall general nursery: expert

raiser and grower of Ferns, bedding, pot plants, Tomatoes,
Cues, ete. ; 23 years leading London nurseries.—W. B.,
Box 4, 5, "Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

FOR SALE.
BEST PAYING RETAIL FLORIST’S BUSINESS

IN THE HEART OF THE

CITY OF WINNIPEG

Most thriving City in Western Canada, pop. 225,000.
Plants and cut flowers grown exclusively.

of range.

Sales only limited by capacity

Establishment very compact, comprising nine glass houses, with all cypress roofs,
machine ventilators, 11,000 feet double thick glass, all adequately hot water heated to
stand extreme cold, with electric thermometer alarm system, packing room, extensive
potting shed 10 x 50; all houses lit by electricity and attached to 8-roomed dwelling.
Soft lake water in every house and automatic electric pump distributes warmed water
from 6,500-gallon soft water cement tank. Extensive system of hot beds and cold frames

with 4,500 feet all cypress sash, glazed with double thick glass.

streets to property. Torrens Title.

Asphalt sidewalks and

_ Situated on 12 City lots, and portion of grounds not occupied by houses is planted
in Peonies and hardy herbaceous flowers.

All buildings in best of repair and subject to strictest inspection.

Statements can be

verified and all records and books open to bona-fide purchaser.

1924 BUSINESS

$22,700.00, WITH NET PROFIT OF $5,900.00.
AVERAGE NET PROFIT FOR 5 YEARS,

$5,500.00.

Owner, wishing to retire, offers the above as a going concern with possession July rst.
All successive crops of cut flowers, Ferns, Cyclamen, etc., are being provided for and
stock of these and herbaceous plants and Peonies will be turned over at less than

wholesale cost.

REQUIRE $20,000.00 FOR ENTIRE PLANT
the Land (which is Torrens Titled), together with the Goodwill.

Terms at least half cash, balance arranged. This is less than cost of buildings alone,
and as can be noted, would pay over 259/ on investment, or in four years more than
pay for itself.

Without exaggeration, this is one of the finest openings for a live couple or company.

E. M. ANTENBRING, Polson Avenue Greenhouses, Winnipeg, Canada,

—
x

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— —

— — — — — — — —

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ARTHUR. H. MOORTON | LTD. Y

Juke 27. 1925.

— — — — — € —

THE

Gardeners’ Chronicle

No. 2009.—-SATURDAY, JUNE 27, 1925.
CONTENTS.

Alpine garden— May, Mr. H. B., a u- .
Geum Borisii .. — ... 424 tation to — . e T9
Veronica fruticans ... 454. Monotropa uniflora ... iud

Apple leaf scorch . 455 Nature prints ... — ... 450

a Obituary —

8: "n — ዘ. pl. 453 Stevens, Henry ... 439
SUM DRE ECTS Orchid notes and glean-

Books. notices በ(--- ings—

Gladioli * ... 4ህ4 Odontonia Baroness —
Rock gardening ... 495 Schroder .... m 44፡

‘ Rose garden—

Cultural meinoranda— Rose diseases 440
Layering Ws ... 430 Rose Fred J. Harrison 449

Societies—

di a = “ss ሽው Royal Horticultural 457

* Gardeners' Chronic le" Stocks, double — oe 445
seventy-five years ago 447 Trees and shrubs—

Gatdenem’ Royal Be- Arctotis aspera var.
nevolent Institution 445 arborescens ... 491

Hardy flower border— Cotoneaster horizon-

— talis ... " . 451
— ህን pa Leptoapermum Chap-
Gillenia trifoliata — ae — — p _
Papaver rupifragum 334 Rhododendron calo-
Rununculus bulbosus i phyllum .. . Hl

ዘ. pl. ... pes ... ፋኔኔ Tricuspidaria —
Saxifraga peltata ... 454 lata... ee ... tol
Hibiscus ... m ... EM) Week's work, the ... 448

ILLUSTRATIONS.

Arctotis aspera var. arborescens at Tresco Abbey,
Isles of Scilly — is m Sis Pe .. 431

Caltha palustris, Wie double-flowered, at Warren

House, Kingsto bes ed m "T

May, Mr. H. B, — of, from Mr. T. Martine

Ronaldson’s painting " — "^ s d

Monotropa uniflora — uve iua 3 ... 495

Odontonia Baroness Se Hodr ae * * ... 447

Rose Fred. J. Harrison - s — Em ... 449

— — — — — — — — — —

AVERAGE MEAN TEMPERATURE for the ensuing week
deduced from observations during the last fifty
years at Greenwich, 61°38’.

ACTUAL TRMPERATURE—

The Gardeners’ Chronicle Otfice, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, London, Wednesday, June 24,
10 a.m. Bar. 30.1, temp. 52’, Weather, Dull.

DouBLE flowers, of which
Double Stocks. so many examples are to

be found among cultivated
plants, present many interesting, but as yet
unsolved, problems. In some plants, as for
example, Carnations, the production of super-
numerary petals to which the appearance
of doubleness is due does not involve the
complete suppression of the reproductive
organs, and hence it is easy in such cases
to ascertain by breeding experiments how
doubleness is inherited. In other plants, as
for example, Stocks and the old alba plena
variety of Chinese Primrose, the doubling is
complete. Inthe latter plant it is true that
an occasional malformed stamen may occur,
but in the Stock neither stamens nor ovules
are produced, and hence no doubled-flowered
plant can leave progeny. In such cases the
inheritance of doubleness can, of course, be
investigated only indirectly. It also follows
that inasmuch as they are sterile, double
Stocks are raised from seed from plants
with single flowers. Needless to say, not
every race of single-flowered Stock gives

rise to doubles among its offspring. Some
races breed true to singleness. Others,
however, when self-pollinated or crossed

with one another give risc to single-flowered
and double-flowered plants. Much discussion

THE

GARDENERS

and investigation have centred round this
fact. Claims have often been put forward
that by special cultural methods the number
of doubles produced from a race of double-
throwing singles may be increased. Star-
vation, growing in small pots, and using
for seed-bearing only certain flowers of an
inflorescence, have all been said to have an
effect in enhancing the proportion of doubles.
Experiments by Miss Saunders—to whose
investigations much of our, knowledge of
the subject is due—do not lend support to
the view that cultural conditions affect the
proportion of doubles to singles. On the
other hand, there is ground for believing
that age of seed counts. |t appears that
if seed of a given harvest be kept for several
vears, the proportion of doubles to singles
increases above that which is obtained when
a sample of the same stock is sown in the
year after harvesting. This, however, has
no very direct bearing on the important
question, How is it that certain strains of
single-flowered Stocks produce both double
and single-flowered progeny? Miss Saunders’
ingenious and thorough-going investigations
have demonstrated that singleness in Stocks
is to be regarded as dominant to doubleness,
and that plants of a double-throwing single
race carry the factors for singleness and
for doubleness—-in other words, the race is
heterozygous for singleness. <All the more
surprising, therefore, is the fact that doubles
should arise in such large numbers in pro-
portion to singles, as they undoubtedly do
in many cases. <A gardener who sowed
double Stocks would be very disappointed
if singles were more numerous than doubles,
as they ought to be if the double-throwing
single behaved in a straightforward, simple,
Mendelian way. It must, therefore, be
concluded that some disturbing factor is at
work. From Miss Saunders’ experiments
it appears certain that there is nothing
peculiar in the behaviour of the ovules of
the double-throwing Stock. Suspicion points
therefore to the pollen grains. With this
suspicion in mind, Mr. Snow, of the University
Botanical Department, Oxford, has recently
subjected the pollen grains to an experimental
analysis. Outwardly, and under the micro-
scope, they look all right. They germinate,
albeit not very numerously, when placed in
an artificial medium containing the right
proportion of sugar. When, however, pollen
grains of a double-throwing single race are
given a chance to germinate in their natural
place—that is, on the stigma of a Stock
flower—Mr. Snow finds that the number of
pollen grains which succeed is just about
one-half (16.17 per cent.) of the number of
pollen grains "from a single-throwing race
(31.1 per cent.) which germinate when
placed on a similar stigma. It would
seem, therefore, that of the pollen grains
of a double-throwing single racg, some do
not germinate when placed on the stigma,
and it may be concluded provisionally that
the failures are those pollen grains which
are carrying the factor for singleness. On
this view, only pollen tubes carrying the
factor for doubleness would arrive at the
ovules. Of the ovules, half have the
factor for singleness and half the factor for
doubleness. Therefore, on the average, half
the plants produced should be singles
and half will be double-flowered. These
experiments by Mr. Snow promise to throw
new light on the much-vexed question of
the proportion of doubles to singles. They
also suggest directions in which further
experiments might be made. For example,
it is not difficult to imagine that if pollen

CHRONICLE.

445

grains carrying the factor for doubleness
receive preferential treatment when develop-
ing on the stigma and style, so may the
ovules developing within the ovary. If this
were to prove to be the case, then an
explanation would be forthcoming of the
fact that doubles often preponderate greatly
over singles, and, moreover, it might turn
out that the often expressed view that
cultural conditions influence the proportion
of doubles to singles has after all some
trutn in it.

———

Gardeners’ Royal Benevolent Institution. —
The Festival Dinner (80th Anniversary) in
aid of the funds of The Gardeners’ Royal
Benevolent Institution will take place at
Grocers’ Hall City, on Thursday, July 3,
under the presidency of the Right Hon.

Austen Chamberlain, M.P. (His Majesty's
Foreign Secretary). Contributions to ከ6
placed on the Chairman's subscription list

are earnestly solicited and will be gratefully
received and acknowledged by the Secretary,
George J. Ingram, at the offices, 92, Victoria
Street, S.W.

Presentation to Mr. H. B. May, V.M.H.—
Under the genial presidency of Lord
Lambourne, a company of about sixty
friends met at the Grosvenor Hotel, Victoria,
S.W., on Saturday evening. June 20th, to
entertain Mr. H. B. May to dinner on the
occasion of his eightieth birthday, and 10
present him with his portrait—painted by
Mr. T. Martine Ronaldson—as a token of
esteem and in recognition of the great
services he has rendered to horticulture
during his long life. The dinner tables were
delightfully decorated by Mr. R. F. Felton
with Roses and Carnations. Those present
included Sir William Lawrence. Mr. and Mrs.

George Monro, Mr. R. Cory. Mr. D.
Ingamells, Mr. W. A. Bilney, Mr. W. R.
Dykes, Mr. G. J. Ingram, Mr. and Mrs.
R. F. Felton, Messrs. M. and G. Allwood,

Mr. D. B. Crane Mr. W.
W. A. Cull, Mr.
Curtis, Mr. Amos

H. Page, Mr.
T. Hay, Mr. C. H.
Perry, Mr. J. Fraser,
Mr. W. Howe, Mr. H. J. Jones, Mr. F.
Jordan, Mr. J. F. McLeod, Mr. J. B. Slade,
Mr. T. Stevenson, Mr. D. Cuthbertson, Mr.

A. Vasey, Mr. Arthur Turner, Mr. J. B.
Linford, Mr. H: Cowley, Mr. S. Segar,
Mr. J. B. Riding, Mr. H. Wardle,
Mr. D. MacDonald, Mr. J. Cheal, Major
Churcher, Mr. S. Summers, and Mr. Frank
Reader. After dinner, and following the

loyal toast, Lord Lambourne expressed the
pleasure it gave him to take part in that
evening’s proceedings. The gathering was a
sort of family one, for Mr. May’s friends
had come together to make him a little
gift on the occasion of his eightieth birthday.
The portrait was not a reward for services
rendered, but an expression of good feeling
on the part of all who had subscribed. All
who knew Mr. May knew that he was “a
straight man," who always spoke and. voted
in accordance with his convictions. Mr. May
started work in 1857, and had been at work
ever since. From small beginnings he built
up & fine market business and though he
had retired and the business was now in

the hands of his son, Mr. May was still

busy, and the Council of the Royal Horti-
cultural Society would endeavour to retain

his services for as long as it was possible.
In addition to his work on the Council, the
Wisley Committee, the Floral Committee,
and formerly on the Narcissus Committee,
Mr. May had done incalculable good by his
devotion to charity, notably by his long
association with the Gardeners’ Royal
Benevolent Institution and his chairmanship
of the Committee of the Royal Gardeners’
Orphan Fund for twenty years. Continuing,
Lord Lambourne stated that the idea of the
little fete and the portrait originated with
Mr. W. Cuthbertson, who, unfortunately, was
unwell and unable to attend that evening,

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By J. COLLIER, Gardener to SIR JEREMIAH COLMAN, Bart.,
Gatton Park, Reigate.

East Indian House. — During
spell of warm weather it has been possible
to maintain tropical conditions in this house,
and the inmates generally show signs of

THE ORCHID HOUSES.

the recent

being greatly benefited by the extra
warmth. The plants should be exposed to
all the sunlight possible by raising the
blinds early in the afternoons so soon as all
danger of scorching is past, thus allowing
the sun to cause the temperature to rise
between 80° and 90° or even higher when
the weather is very warm. Plenty of
atmospheric moisture should be maintained
by damping the floors and stages frequently,
especially places under the water pipes.
Syringe between the pots, also damp the
undersides of the leaves of the plants.
Such Cypripediums as are usually grown in
this house are greatly benefited by light
sprayings overhead, but the water should
not be allowed to settle in the axils of the
leaves, especially in plants of C. laevigatum,
C. Stonei C. Lowii, and others of this
class. Any plants of the above-mentioned
Cypripediums will need immediate attention
if re-potting is necessary. Pot-bound speci-
mens should be shifted into receptacles two
sizes larger, as they are nearly all free-
growing and should be potted in an open
compost consisting of good fibrous loam,
Osmunda -fibre cut into small portions and
Sphagnum-moss in equal parte, with suffi-
cient crushed crocks incorporated to render
thə whole porous. Only a moderate amount
of water should be afforded plants that
have been re-potted, until the new roots
begin to push into the new soil when the
supply of moisture should be gradually
increased.

Cat setum, Cycnoches, Mormodes and Cyrto-
podium. — These singular and interesting
Orchids are now in full growth in the same
house ‘and all well-rooted specimens need
plentiful supplies of water. The flower-
spikes generally appear as the new pseudo-
bulbs become matured. After the plants
have bloomed they should be exposed
gradually to full sunshine and watered at
the roots until the mew pseudo-bulbs are
full grown.

———

THE FLOWER GARDEN.

By W. AUTON, Gardener to VISCOUNT ELVEDEN,
Pyrford Court, Woking, Surrey.

The Rose Garden.—The Rose garden is now
gay and will need frequent and copious
waterings to enable the plants to continue
in vigour. The beds should be watered
occasionally with dilute liquid manure from
the cowsheds if this is available, otherwise
the ground should be sprinkled with guano
before watering. Mulching should be
practised wherever practicable, and damping
of the foliage every evening during hot,
dry weather is of great benefit. The tying
in of the shoots of strong-growing ramblers
calls for constant attention; if neglected new
growths soon become interlueed with
old ones and cause endless trouble at
pruning time. Restrict the number of
growths to what is necessary for furnishing
the space allotted to the plants, entirely
removing weakly growths which are not
wanted. Standard and Pillar Roses should
likewise be looked over and the growths
regulated to the needs of the position,
removing any suckers which may appear.

Anemones.—Those who raise the Wind-
flower from seeds should make another
sowing now, even if they have good stocks

THE GARDENERS

of plante from the early spring sowing.
Plants raised from this sowing will flower
later than those sown in spring, and by
this means the flowering season will be
prolonged.

Autumn Crocus.—Tho corms of these should
be planted so soon 88 obtainable and not
later than July. C. speciosus is a good
grower and increases rapidly; its lilac
flowers, with rich, golden anthers, are very
attractive.

Agapanthus.—The beautiful South African
Lily is largely used for furnishing vases
and tubs in the flower garden, and is an
ideal subject for this purpose, especially for
late summer and autumn effects. Tho
plants are growing freely and need an
abundance of water, while those which ‘have
not been re-potted recently should be fed
liberally.

Bulbs. — Bulbs of the late Narcissi,
Hyacinths, and Tulips intended for removal
should be taken up so soon as the foliage
ripens. The bulbs may be graded, laid
out on shallow trays, and placed in ዜ dry,
airy place to complete the ripening process.

Border Chrysanthemums.—No further stop-
ping should be necessary. Insert the stakes
beforo the growths become too long. Hoe
the ground between the plants and give ጹ
mulch of rotted manure. In dry weather
keep the plants liberally watered.

Gladioli—Theso plants should be staked
and tied before they become damaged by
wind, as once they become laid they never
recover their symmetrical appearance. It is
preferable that each plant should have a
separate support, but where grown in rows
stakes may be inserted at intervals of a

few yards, connecting them by lengths of
strong, soft material, to which the spikes
may be tied.

— — — — — — — —

PLANTS UNDER GLASS.

By F. J. CLARK, Gardener to Lt.-Col. Sin GEORGE
HOLFORD, Westonbirt, Tetbury,’ Gloucestershire.

Perpetual-flowering Carnations.—The main
batch of plants being grown for next
winter's flowering should now be ready to

receive their final potting. Pots seven inches
in diameter should be chosen for the plants
which were raised from cuttings insertec
during Janvary and February, whilst for
the later-struck plants, six-inch pots will be
large enough. The pots must be thoroughly
clean, crocking should be carefully per-
formed, and a layer of clean turf fibre
placed over the crocks to ensure perfect
drainage. Loam, of the best quality obtain-
able, will comprise the bulk of the potting
compost. It should be of a medium.
fibrous texture, and should, if possible, have
, bean stacked for at least six months before
use. To four parts of loam and one part
of well decomposed hot-bed manure, add
half & part each of crushed mortar rubble
and wood ash. some fine grade oyster shell
and coarse silver or sea sand, more or less
of the latter. as the loam happens to be
heavy or light. Lime is essential to Carna-
tions, and if the loam used is deficient in
this property & sprinkling of air-slaked lime
in tho compost, in addition to that supplied
by the inclusion of mortar rubble and
oyster shell. will be beneficial. The whole
should be thoroughly mixed, and when used,
moderately dry, so that it will not adhere

to the hands or the potting stick. Pot
firmly. taking care not to cover tho old
ball of soil deeply. or stem rot may result.
After potting, the plants may be stood
outside on a coal ash bed, or, if cold
frames are available, such accommodation

may prove of advantage in the event of
wet weather, when thé frame lights may be
placed over the plants. An excess of
moisture at the roots immediately after
potting is likely to prove harmful. On the

CHRONICLE.

June 27, 1925.

other hand, should the weather be very
bright, a slight shade during the hottest
part of the day may. be necessary until
the plants have recovered from the check
of re-potting.

HARDY FRUIT GARDEN.
By E. NEAL, Gardener to J. A. Nrx, Esq., Tilgate,
Crawley, Sussex.

Protecting Ripe Fruits.—When gardens are
surrounded by forest trees and shrubberies
there are always plenty of birds with their
young ones at this time of the year ready
to feed on any fruits that are on the point
of ripening. When the fruit bushes are
distributed in various parts of the garden
it is very difficult to protect them from the
ravages of birds. When I took charge of
these gardens nearly thirty years ago I
found a difficulty in protecting bush fruits
owing to these being planted in different
parts of the garden. I have made it a
practice since to grow them in one part of
the garden by themselves, including Rasp-
berries. It saves time and is economical. 1
place wire netting all round the outside of
the fruit quarter, three feet high, and
attached to strong stakes; fish netting 15
then placed over the top; this being of a
standard size the pieces are laced together until
they form one close net. The string netting i8
supported by stakes about eight feet out of
the ground to keep it clear of the bushes.
On the top of each stake is placed some
rough hay or any suitable material; this in
turn being covered with canvas and tied
tightly to the stake. This keeps the nets in
position and prevents them from being
damaged by high winds.

Apricots.—The borders should be examined
to see if water is required; if the soil is
on the dry side it should be watered.
Trees carrying heavy crops of fruit should
be given copious supplies of manure water,
not too strong. This will help the trees to
swell their fruit. A mulching of light
material will serve to keep the border cool
and prevent it from drying out, and this
should be applied without delay. More
shoots than will bo ultimately needed may
be trained in, as the branches of Apricote
are prone to die back and leave a bare
spaco on the wall.

FRUITS UNDER GLASS.
By F. STREETER, Gardener to MAJOR ALBERT PAM,
Wormley Bury, Broxbourne, Herts.

Early Vinery.—The Grapes in the earliest
vinery are now ripe. Keep 8 free circulation
of air in the house at all times, and give
Black Grapes a slight shade, otherwise they
quickly lose their colour. Examine the
borders frequently for moisture ; although
the fruits are ripe they must not suffer
from drought, otherwise the buds at the
base of the shoots will suffer and cause an
unsatisfactory crop next season. Continue
to keep the laterals pinched out, taking
care not to touch the fruit in removing
them from the trellis. Any bunches showing
signs of shanking or not colouring well
should be noted for inspection of the borders
in the autumn. Sometimes half-an-ounce of
nitrate of soda in a gallon of soft water
will give an extra finish to bunches showing
signs of failing to become perfectly black.
Where the borders are partly outside they
must be constantly watched for signs of
excessive dryness during very hot weather,
and given a good mulch to conserve the
moisture. Place a strip of wasp-proof
netting over all ventilators ; this will also
keep out flies and birds.

Successional House.—Where the mid-season
Grapes are stoning. admit a free circulation
of air during bright sunshine. Keep the
laterals in check, with the exception of
Madresfield Court, which will now require
very close attention, especially when the

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450

NATURE PRINTS.

MakxiNa records of dry leaves, Ferns, etc.,
by exposing a piece of sensitised papér bencath
the specimens is a very old procedure, mostly
undertaken fer amusement or decoration. Yet
it sometimes happens that faithful records
are needed for study with a minimum amount
of cost and of manipulation in their obtainment.

In the course of a study of the varieties
of Perry Pears a set of reproductions of leaf
shapes was much needed (incidentally it was
found that also bud and shoot characters
could be recorded) without having recourse to
the time- and labour-stealing method of costly
negative and subscquent silver print. I now
have records of more than one hundred
varieties of these Pears, both of blossom
spurs and season's shoots; for comparative
purposes such prints can be carried to the
orchards, a treatment which would invite
disaster to actual dried specimens.

Without entering too far into photographic
minutiae, two methods seem best adapted to
the purpose; it may be said at once that
the **bromide," ete, papers on the market
are not only too costly (sizes to 12 x 10
may be wanted), but also are unsuited from
the stiffness of the supporting paper, and
entail the use of that chamber of horrors—-
the dark room. For shoot records, especially,
a rather thin but pliabl^ paper is essential.
Moreover, for development or fixation a mere
wash in plain water reduces manipulations to
& minimum. Such qualities are to be found
in the **blue" or ferroprussiate paper, and
in the ferro-galic which is now on the

markct. With the former a negative image
is given, with the latter a positive; the
former has the disadvantage that it will

not keep more than a few days, and hence
needs be home prepared, withal not a difficult
process (vide e.g., Brit. Journ. of Photography
Almanac, for formula). The latter keeps fairly
well, and some bought last October was still
quite good the following May.

Pressed and dried specimens may be used,
but in this case more pressure. so as to
entail complete flattening of leaf edges. must
he used than is commonly done merely for
botanical collections ; plenty of padding and
a half-hundredweight on a board is advised ;
ordinary daily press nowspaper sorved for
more orthodox blotting paper in the case of
Pear specimens ; inspection is mado after the first
twenty-four hours to correct foldings. etc.

Prints may also be made from fresh
material placed directly upon the sensitised
paper; thus, I have plucked a Potato leaf.
placed it to print, and within an hour or
so an expert rightly recognised the variety
from the finished print. Further, in order
to trace the variation of foliage from babyhood
to adult. 1 dug up a young Pear seedling,
took a couple of prints, and replanted it; the
following year it was too big for such treatment.
so the paper, in an open-ended frame, was
applied to it as and where it grew (in this case a
piece of opaque paper -covers the sensitised,
and before the opened frame is closed down

the black paper is withdrawn) and was
successful even in bright sunshine.

Petals are rather easier to handle when
fresh than in a dried state, when the best

plan is to stick them upon bleached pieces
of waste roll film; by staining, more artistic
effects may be obtained as the veins may
be recorded. With leaves, the venation may
be shown better with fresh than dried
specimens (which are more amenable when
oiled), but the increase of exposure leads to
reduction of petiole thickness by light creeping
‘behind. Whenever possible it is best, though
not essential, to print in bright sunlight.
According to the subject, a well-spruny.
vlass-fronted printing frame is required when
shoots and buds are required, aud one ዐየ
two thicknesses of “Gamgee tissuc " should

be placed behind the paper; when very
thick shoots are being done it may be
advisable to pad up here and there with

THE

olive,

GARDENERS’

pledgets of cotton wool, but this I have
not often found necessary. Both: of the types
of paper mentioned lend themselves to bleach-
ing, so that with waterproof Chinese ink
the outlines may be traced by hand and
the original image completely effaced.

I submit with this note a few specimens
of the results that can be obtained, for
editorial inspection. Such things as Plum-
stones may also be made to yield ‘‘naturc
prints,’ and many characteristic points may
be recorded. Generally speaking the transverse
section shows best; in any case the stone
is cut as desired with a fine saw, the sawn
surface is then rubbed down on a very fine
glass paper laid on a sheet of glass or flat
board. The cut surface is then inked by
rubbing it on a glass plate very thinly
smeared with printer's ink and pressed down
upon a damped sheet of paper. Direct pressure
by hand is hardly powerful enough, and a
simple press consisting of a board and a
strong strip hinged thereto to act as a lever,
is very easily rigged up. Thickness of sub-
stance, keeling, grooving, and irregularities of
surface are well shown by this means. H.
E. Durham.

[The prints sent by Dr. Durham were
quite good and sufficient for the purposes
indicated. In some of the prints of Pear
leaves th» venation was remarkably distinct,
and in others the buds were shown
prominently.—Eps. Gard. Chron.)

PARADOXICAL as it may appear, the decline
in the cultivation of the exotic species of
Hibiscus synchronised with an increased public
interest in the genus.

H. rosa-sinensis is the most generally
cultivated tropical species, and its numerous
varieties with crimson, yellow, carmine, scarlet,

rose, and vermilion coloured flowers, when
well grown and flowering frecly, are very

showy subjects for the warm greenhouse.

During the winter the plants should be
rested and kept somewhat drier at the roots.
starting them in a warm moist atmosphere in
spring, when they may be pruned into shape.
They thrive in an open compost consisting of
rough fibrous loam, leaf-mouldand sand. Young
bush specimens may be grown in large pots. but
it is when planted out and of large size
that they are seen at their best.

Trained on a trellis at some little distance
from the roof. where the pendant flowers
swing like flaming lanterns, is an uncommon
method of display.

H. ኮ:-8. Cooperi was at one time included
in most collections of stove plants. The green
of its foliage is stained with carmine, crimson,
and white. It requires a strong heat.
and a position close. to. the roof-glass to
develop its vivid colouring.

H. Manihot. a perennial species, may ከር
treated as an annual. Seeds should be sown
in heat early in the year. and the seedlings
potted on into flowering pots nine inches
in diameter. Given generous treatment, this
species will grow six feet high before the
end of the summer, and flower continuously
for several months. The large, sulphur-coloured
flowers, with a dark blotch
the petals, and the conspicuous
column, are very effective.

H. syriacus, which despite its specific. name
is not a native of Syria, is an old garden
shrub. perhaps better known as Althaea frutex.
It is quite hardy but seldom seen except in
southern gardens. It is an autumn-flowering
subject, and in its season of flowering brightens
the shrub border with its large, brilliant
blooms. The variety Meehani, with single,
lavender-coloured flowers, four inches across,
is one of the earliest to flower; other desirable
varieties include Admiral Dewey. white,
double: Coeleste, blue. single; Hamabo. blush
and crimson, single; Snowdrift, single; Rubis,
single, carmine, and totus albus, single, pure
white. Fred W. Jeffery.

staminal

CHRONICLE.

at the base of.

JUNE 27, 1925.

CULTURAL MEMORANDA.

— —

LAVERING.

Layrrine is one of the oldest methods of
propagation, and one which is often seen
under natural conditions. It affords means
of increasing the stock of many plants
which are difficult to propagate by other
methods. `

Various methods of layering are practised
according to circumstances, the principle in
all methods being to adopt means to arrest

the circulation of the sap on its return
from the extremities to the roots. This
may be achieved by cutting the stem of

the shoot of the plant to be layered in a
suitable position by incision, ringing, tongueing.
or heeling. The part so cut, when fixed in
favourable soil, forms a callus or hardeninz
of the surface, which arrests the sap, and.
after a brief period, roots are developed
and the branch becomes an independent
plant.

The plants that may be layered may be
divided roughly into two groups :—Those

possessing woody stems, such as trees and
shrubs. in which cases it is generally
preferable to use well-ripened shoots; and

herbaceous plants having soft stems provided
with leaves, in the layering of which it is
advisable to remove the leaves from that
portion of the stem to be layered.

The simplest method of layering is to
bend the selected branch into the prepared
ground, and this method may be adopted
for all those plants which readily develop
adventitious roots from the stem under th:
influence of a slight check or when kept
moist. For many plants, however, a greater
check [8 needed, hence the various methods
of cutting referred to.

In tongueing or heeling, the branch is cut
about half-way through by entering tbe knife
at the lowest part of the bend below the
bud and cutting upwards. The branch should
be pegged firmly in such a way that the
divided portions are kept open to allow ot
the free development of callus and roots.
All buds between the main stem of the
parent plant and the point of incision
should ከር rubbed off or cut out before the
branch is laid down.

Ringing, which consists in taking out a
complete ring of bark from the shoot to be
layered. is often practised, but care should
be taken to see that the inner bark is (111
through. otherwise the returning sap would
pass by it to the stem, and thus the object
of ringing, to interrupt it, would be defeated

By serpentine layering, a method eften
practised with such plants as Vitis, Wistar.

Clematis, and Lapageria, several plants may
be obtained from cne shoot. The shot
may be layered at about every twenty-

inches, according to the nature of the plant
und the situation of the buds. Each part
above ground should be furnished with one

or more buds, whilst from the portion
pegged below ground the buds may be
remo ved.

A method of layering by insertion of the
growing tips is worthy of experiment. as
many plants will produce roots in abundance
by this method. It is very easily 1100.
and will often be found successful in
plants that one would hardly suspect th
inclination »xisted.

The period of layering varies somewhat
according to the climate and the nature ot
the plants. In. the case of trees and shrubs
it may generally be done from the beginning
of spring to the middle of summer, using
shoots of the previous years growth. With
revand to herbaceous plants. it is usually
more advantageous to layer from about the

middle of the summer onwards, as it is
necessary to choose non-flowering growths
for the purpose, and at this season many
herbaceous plants throw up growths from

the base of their flowering stems. W. Auton.

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ps x -Ránufacturers. |
= oo BENTLEY. LIMITED,

ee mtr ‘oF BS

(vi dd. TEED:

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NETS.

Bay —

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ን SLUG. DESTRO ER :

8 8858 a trae ;

— cover —— AE y-

Ba 'Wrepared. "against ' the: onslaughit of. ‘huge.

6፳.. Meta: dus - Insure’ your. ፡6፻0887 Against- these 'ክፍ8ከኡኩ--ብ8ሮ -

felon Nets, P
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ድ “1:22.

Ha bepu' tented. with: * most delicate pa
DON'T. DELAY)

WRITE. TO-DAY.

MORE: BRIDGE, —
(55, MABOHKRTER. — #

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2፡1 "MONAGHANS. SLUG DESTROYER” | We hee
is | CERTAIN ,DRATH - TO: “SLUGS S205

m mekik, 55; — riim; lori phe. በጪ 4 pe

— E

NIS UN DEC ን THE - GA TRDEN ERS. D ds HEONIC bh. D OO dese 27. 1925

ድ አርቆ — — — —

— ሠ Ai

—

-IRISES.. is

-Goid Medal, Chelsea; 1925 MERE

Gold Medal, RHS, 1924. 11
Silver Cap, - —— 1923 -.

Gold: Mada}, Chelsea, 09222. !!!
Vier Gat, dicus Chelsea, DN ኳላ.

Tak back: "e Jnd or e VR
were reéceicing Awards for dre i
0 long aga ab. 3189s, bur Uie Hy
aboréare some if thare TER. 5 AM
made for- our Famous dro W
and gyve aw idea’ of the fagh ኤጌ
standard | af: our: collection. - 5ጆ)

...:. ህጤ
However, a far beter way of © Ya
apprectatinp this iste rset. our, | $
|
|

SHADING -

4 4 [ ng K / : F puky. —
: ያ ይር nt Inproved

is nat be ato ዘ.
tier: .

— —— — —
Se x ሕን.

` i iea ony

NES —— i ANAN (፡(. bn His; Jun ar Whee ር ዳር. M6 and 3/- sach.

Snow. iy n: matake siue DAE n Sold 4 ከ7 an ——— —— and Florists
Cucotmibers can — and safely)... .
lie etadicated by meats of Abob hoo By

::... White NIV: Campona, ND o
a gpáratus seeded: “Mini ple — ied te
pour: the. Compound down thee | ,
centre path of the. House atihe Rl.
rate of 2j Auld ozs. to. A ——
éubie ft. of spaces: — J —

CoNurserees, where the: inr may: A.
.ይፅ seen am full አያ and: the: SSR 1
| great. vartely.. and ipint T Ee T
Out ይጠጀ will: [ሯ ther pn. Bn

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hae declaring due aptity reine iles t E E EET P
Ee «nef owe cubiti ነ, ። ደ
| Six * ረ o Mice E —

Fr.

: ‘REG! ይዬ በድር NO. 4aguer —
ie is 9 oxseenmimefidatian- '

Fon. የደለ68፪5, ዐልፀዘቋል?1585. CUCUMBERS, VIRES, ፳፻5. | DP ML. ን የአህያ glad if intending LN
Duc 5 ME ETE tag #6. 7 | e i e ue '፦ es ia ታገ IM ^e |፤ F ያ i ከ መያ would, sey ux so that X v
— 8 os oe = uos FONLERS. LAWN SAND AND FERTILIZER |

Ô 7 [ *
CENSO wa rans area for an Iris | i
a 12 co expert ta. present. Our dt
tillon ^ crie 8 The. Origiaator of Lawn Sands: lT Soy all the best. ፡ ;
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*

: ! "14V. የ፣ደ Pee ጌ

— — — I$ —— —
M ADU TA

PASADA 3 A d

'Or 31 — ነውር. |
Arnie gests Chasis and: ፍር: ; "bo
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ere — ሼክ — 5: መመ | 11511. መዘዛ wilt ‘pe ge) post free.

— iwo oultardé: |
Tn tine 178, KE ይሰ 5፡5; 4።ሠሏ 8:5; Pest We Le, A m
passy. * 60... — AHAD THAS, A3 ፪ Mv

ፆ A
WES UNIVERSAL - NURE |||
For all Vegetables, Allotment. 69 Barden’ ርኣም AN Lg
28 The. 6/-; *6]bs. ti/-; 1 €wt. nope |
C CPAMODS- TOR BALRA: CENTUEY Se
SOLD BY ALL — ለጄ.
WITH'S CHEMICAL . U

መሇ B Bunyard ሯ ርሀ. #2. |
W he Royal. ‘Nurseries. ሠ
P! WE ይሠሪከጩያ DA «Maidstone.

E — CA, —— ⸗ ‘
" h it 5 e ' " ሕ፣
2 —— —

ዘሀ der — j^ QT

um Abol =
Wie Fy መ

PRET PEERS ይር ያ ድ A AE. — —

HEREFORD,

& 3 x
PA AS SCR Set ANE gi

| ከቋቄከከህ4 — Telephon: 10፡6 —
SOUTH LONDON
HORTICULTURAL STORES. |

H. SCOTT & SONS

WOODSIDE, 5.5. 25.

‘Scat $ — Dei. ren

"-.- ቕ i BENTLEY'S |
COMPOU ND QUASSIA EXTRACT

| The “most effective and: economical Inaecticide ‘manufactured. ast
| Destroys Aphis, Caterpillar, Mildew and all Insect pests. ; n

This mon-poisonpus wash can be used upon. all: plants. without the slightest" ‘risk of |
ae Mixes immediately with: water, ከ6. sediment 6 impede Sprayer or Pyne. 4d

INVALUABLE FOR HOPS, ROSES, CHRYSANTREMUMS, Eic.

ano ‘of thousands of galling of F plant. wes made f this v liquid Extract used il
| TEM for. Over 4o yBars. $

GALLON . MEER 86 GALLONS REA 40Y FOR USE.

RO wmeglssafuls . 50 1 hücket. f water (2 (24. 821689)... —
S TOVE & GREENHOUSE PLANTS

t por e; "4 quart 3/-. 16. dew id: gall. "erg galls: — per Unt Ds
de ይባ ay PS wai Carriage paid 08 ፤ # ordery and: upwards. Fers tie

በ8፻፻8 BENTLEY,

| ሣህ gala suttic ሁክ. '. a i 4 ^ Ed tomate *
— ቱር dis M. J TEX LM MA ቁ: Hen

4 ve ie aS B — E M aie, d
D des Uu b ode 4 RETI i» |

'scorrs NICOTINE. INSECT (CIDE
RI ብ US ሰል is gulls. 67/0 ;. ra galls. 33፡/-

* "'ሄ 2 £ F e J cs ዳ ve
— — መ - 7 *
—— ae a v — — — ee — ~ መው — — —— o — —
— — — — — Ha
— —— ^

Soie Manufacturers: d y “kind ያ Foliage, Flowering & Climbing Plants *

u ር Hus | ዛሪ karpan ad ቁ completa colt tation ja the wade.
ld., (ጠህ Works, Barman Humber, 86 || ፌ R RUSSELL, LTD.

— — Bichmond, Mme T

VIN: T 22. 1 927

— —— — —

TREES. AND. HRU 65.

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452

THE GARDENERS’

CHRONICLE.

JUNE 27, 1925.

i
EDITORIAL NOTIOES.

ADVERTISEMENTS should be sent to the
PUBLISHER, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 2.

Letters fcr Publication as well as specimens of piant
or naming, should be addressed to ths EDITORS,
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, London.
ommunications should be WRITTEN ON ONE SIDE
ONLY OF THE PAPER, sent as early in the week as
possible, and duly signed by the writer. If desired, the.
Monat pain will not be printed, but kept as a guarantee of
g aith.

Ilustrations.— The Editors will be glad to receive and to
select photographs or drawings suitable for reproduction,
of gardens, or of remarkable flowers, trees, etc., but they
cannot be responsible for loss or injury. ኝት

Newspapers.—Correspondents sending newspapers sho
be careful to mark the paragraphs they wish the Editors
to see.

Urgent Communications.—]1/ sent by telegraph, these
YE ould be addressed ‘‘Gard. Chron., 7 or- by
telephone, to Gerrard, 1543.

Editors and Publisher.—Our correspondents would
obviate delay in obtaining answers to their communi-
cations, and save us much time and trouble, — would
kindly observe the notice printed weekly to effect that
ali letters relating to financial matters and to advertise-
ments should be addressed to the PUBLISHER; and that
all communications intended for publication or referring
to the literary department, and all plants to be named
should be directed to the EDITORS. The two departments,
Publishing and Editorial, are distinct, and much un-
necessary delay and confusion arise when letters are
misdirected.

Local News.— Correspondents will greatly oblige by sending
to the Editors early intelligence of local events likely to be
of interest to our readers.

Special Notice to Correspondents.—The Editors do
not undertake to pay for any contributions or illustrations,
or to return unused communications or illustrations
unless by special arrangement. The Editors do not hold
themselves responsible for any opinions expressed by
their correspondents.

FRUIT GROWING IN THE

PUNJAB.

HANKS to the foresight of the British
1 Government and the able engineers
employed, vast areas of the Punjab—--
once a desolate part of India—have been
transferred into fertile plains, by a gigantic
scheme of irrigation, namely damming the
water from the mountains after it reaches
the plains and directing it to various canals.
The system might be compared to a huge
tree, the main canal representing the trunk,
the smaller canals the branches, and the
gardens and farms the leaves.
Landowners and farmers long ago began
to realize the commercial value of fruit
production, consequently orchards have sprung

up in all directions. The Patiala State,
which it is my pleasure to serve, is parti-
eularly favoured by its position, being

situated between the towns of Delhi on the
south, Lahore on the north, Simla in the
east and Batinda in the west; it has a
good service of trains, is well irrigated and
covers many square miles of mountain
country in addition to the plains; it is
therefore possible to grow almost every known
kind of fruit. So splendidly situated are
the valleys between Kalka and Simla that
this district may well be called the Cali-
fornia of India. It has wonderful prospects,
if only the small farmers could be induced
either to give up their holdings or submit
to being placed under competent advisers.

The most popular fruits grown on the
plains are the Mango, Orange, Peach, Nec-
tarine, Plantain, Pomegranate, Guava, Loquat,
Lichee, Fig, Mulberry, Papaya, Bael and
Lime, in the order given. On the mountain
sides and plateaus, Apples, Pears, Plums,
Cherries, Apricots, Raspberries and Straw-
berries thrive remarkably well at altitudes
of 3,000 feet to 8,000 feet, while Apples do
very well at 10,000 feet; Gooseberries and
Currants are seldom seen.

In India generally the Mango holds first
place, and rightly so, for it has been grown
there over 2,000 years. There is only one
species, Mangifera indica. The many varieties
or sub-divisions of the species differ mainly
in the character of the fruit and are best
classified accord'ng to shape, namely round.
fruited, long-fruited, and indefinite. Seedling
trees attain huge proportions and give

welcome shade from the Indian sun, in
addition to useful fruit. In many districts
the Mangos are used as roadside trees, a
practice to be highly commended, but it is
only by grafting the better varieties on to
seedling stocks that the best fruit is
obtained. Plenty of water is necessary for
the Mango, especially in the growing season,
April to June.
less than twenty-five feet apart, as the
grafted Mango seldom reaches a larger size
than the average Apple tree at home. Very
little pruning is necessary, but thinning
and removal of all weak growth should ከ6
done after the fruits have been cleared in
July. Only those who have eaten this
luscious fruit can appreciate ita excellence.
Every Indian loves a Mango and Europeans
living in India insist on getting them, as
they ripen during the hottest and most
trying season in the tropics.

Many varieties of Oranges uro grown in
the Punjab, but not to the extent they
deserve. They thrive best in sheltered
quarters on the plains, and when properly
planted and watered sufficiently continue to
grow and produce fine fruit for a hundred
years and more. Most of the failures are
brought about by planting the trees too
deeply, thus burying a part of the stem;
as with all hard-wooded plants this spells
disaster. and the plants gradually wither
and die, whereas if slightly elevated above
the general level success is certain. The
many varieties are increased and produced
by grafting them on Lemon stocks. The
so-called Blood Oranges are produced by
grafting on the Pomegranate stock, the sap
of which is of a red or blood colour.
Fruiting begins at three or four years old
and the gathering of the fruit usually takes

place between September and January,
according to the variety, after which the

trees are cleared of any dead wood and
relieved of all weak growth.

Peaches and Nectarines ripen during the
summer months, and the best of the
varieties grown at home are cultivated. |
do not know anything in England quite 30
charming as our Peach orchards when in
full flower; the trees are grown in bush
form and planted in rows, about fifteen
feet apart. Unfortunately the average Indian
gardener or Mali refuses to sacrifice quantity
for quality, therefore little pruning or thin-
ning is done, and over-cropping is the result,
80 much so that one seldom sees a really good
specimen fruit, not because the Indians do
not appreciate large fruit, but because they
are slow to learn the principles and prac-
tices which produce it. Bananas of an
inferior kind are grown extensively, but the

cold of occasional winters is too much for
them, consequently we have to rely on
Southern India for fruit of the best

quality. Pomegranates are also a summer
fruit and are grown extensively in orchards,
planted in rows in shallow trenches fifteen
feet apart, but I have frequently seen them
growing wild in the mountains five thousand
feet up; being plentiful, the fruit is cheap
in the bazaars and much liked by the
poorer classes during the hot weather.

Guavas find a ready sale and are also
planted in large orchards, probably more
extensively than any fruit; in fact the
Guava is so thoroughly naturalised in all

parts of India as to lead one to suppose
it must be indigenous to the country.
When well grown they reach a height of
fifteen feet or more, but here again the
Indians’ desire for quantity is everywhere
apparent, for most of the orchards are
planted too thickly and consequently good
fruit is impossible after the orchards have
grown up.

Lichees are very popular in Northern and
Central India, but they are not grown as
orchard trees, which is the best method.
The fruit of the Lichee is as delicious,
perhaps, as any fruit in existence. and is
of the size and form of & large Plum, with
a rough, thin, scale-like rind, which, when

The trees are planted not

the fruits are ripe on the tree, is of a
beautiful red tinge, the colour of the
pulp resembling the white of a plover’s
egg. The size of the seed stone varies
considerably ; for instance, if the trees are
well cultivated, large fruits with small stones
are produced, but if neglected and over-
crowded small fruits and large stones are
the result. The finest fruits I have known
came from the neighbourhood of Sahar-
anpur, and the Central Provinces, those
districts being warm and more favourable
for their cultivation than farther North,
where frost frequently does damage in the
winter months.

Figs are not so profitable in India as in
less tropical countries, and although con-
siderable nurnbers are to be found growing
in a more or less wild state, the fruits are
small and tasteless; but with proper atten.
tion in their cultivation vast improvements
are possible.

On the contrary Papayas are grown very
successfully by many fruit farmers, usually
in orchards; the trees are planted twelve
feet apart, but the fruits are not so popular
as they deserve to be. Trees are easily and
quickly raised from seeds, but they are
short-lived, being generally useless after five
years of continuous cropping. There are two
main types; the male, which produces long.
hanging clusters of narrow. trumpet-shaped
flowers, setting no fruits; and the female, which
has large white flowers and sets fruit. The
difference between the two is only observable
when they are in flower. This of course
necessitates the growing of many seedlings
to insure a good supply of fruiting plants
and sufficient pollinators. Thinning the fruit
is essential if quality and size are required :
shade from hot sun is desirable or the
fruits will scorch and split. The fruits are
picked when green and should be placed on
straw to ripen, the more evenly the better.
in fact the even ripening of the Papaya is
a subject which needs much care and
study.

The cultivation of Apples, Pears, Plums,
and Cherries on the mountains is little
different to that which obtains at home.
Most of the best varieties have been intro-
duced and produce excellent crops; flavour.
however, is lacking and often absent, par-
ticularly in Apples and Pears. This, to a
great extent, is owing to the lack of sun-
shine, and the excessive atmospheric moisture
experienced from June to September inclusive,
which is usual during the monsoons, when
the fruits are swelling and ripening. |

Transportation of the fruit to the various
hill stations is a big and expensive problem ;
it is usually done on donkeys or mules,
which are able to climb the steep mountain
roads easily.

Monkeys are the greatest enemies of the
mountain fruit grower. A few of thes
eunning creatures will strip every leaf and
fruit from a good sized Apple tree in a
short time unless watchmen are in constant
attendance. Their destructive powers are
equalled on the plains by the thousands of
mischievous green parrots.

Generally speaking, fruit dea in India
is particularly interesting to an Englishman.
but it is fraught with many dangers and
difficulties, as may be expected. The average
Indian gardener is a good fellow and ever
ready to appreciate kindness and consideration,
although I regret to say he is frequently
looked down upon and abused. I have
experienced many happy days in their
company, and noted many instances of
heroism, perhaps the most conspicuous being
that of a ‘ Mali,” who, while cutting under-
growth in a fruit garden, was bitten on the
wrist by a small but very venomous snake.
To save his life he immediately cut off his
hand at the wrist with his axe, and turning
to the snake said, in Hindustani, “If 1
have to die you shall die too," and at
once cut off the snake’s head. George
Burrows, Garden Architect to The Maharaja
of Patiala.

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454

THE GARDENERS

CHRONICLE

JUNE 27, 1925.

I grow here a plant which I imported
from the Continent as Ranunculus speciosus
. flore pleno, and this seems quite distinct
from my double R. bulbosus. The flowers
. are of a deeper gold, almost orange colour,
. and the habit is more erect and compact
.than in R.. bulbosus.

... Then we have a double Ficaria or

Celandine, near relative to the Buttercup. in
the same Natural Order; several double
forms of Anemone Hepatica, as well as
Anemone sylvestris and Anemone nemorosa.
I „should be very interested if anybody
could tell me what is the true and correct
name of the plant commonly known as
Ranunculus speciosus flore pleno.

I was once given & plant of Ranunculus
repens flore pleno, but this at once proved
itself such a terrible, creeping, land grabber
that I took fright and did away with it.
Clarence Elliott, Six Hill Nurseries, Stevenage.

SAXIFRAGA PELTATA.

APART from the interest attached to it as
being the only member of the Peltiphyllum
group of the genus, the Californian Umbrella
plant is sufficiently handsome and distinct
to merit a position in any collection of hardy
perennial plants.

While not fastidious as to soil or situation,
it attains its maximum development in 'rich,
moist loam, and a semi-shady spot. forming
waving tangles of bright green foliage on
stems a yard high. |

It flowers in early spring, before the leaves
appear.

The wide heads of pale pink flowers are
borne on long, thick, hairy stems, springing
from the tip of woody rhizomes. The clusters
of leaves develop from lateral buds at the
base of the flower stems. Fred. W. Jeffery.

PAPAVER RUPIFRAGUM.

POPPIES are generally favourite flowers,
but the perennial species seen in average
gardens arc not numerous, and at present
the varieties of Papaver orientale appear to
be the most popular. Yet some of the
others, although of less striking effect, are
deserving of notice, and among them I
should be disposed to place Papaver rupi-
fragum and its variety (a distinct species of
some) P. r. atlanticum. For garden purposes
these two Poppies may be ranked as practi-
cally synonymous, although the latter has
slightly different leaves and has the buds
clothed with heirs, while in the type they
are bare and glaucous. In general appearance
they are identical in the border.

R. rupifragum grows about two feet high;
has deep green, lobed or toothed leaves,
and slender, naked stems bearing a single
flower of salmon or brick-red and less than
half the size of P. orientale. Like most
members of the race, it seeds with great
freedom and self-sown seedlings appear in
abundance, although not to such an
embarrassing extent as those of Meconopsis
cambrica. The flowers are rather thin in sub-
stance, but have a share of tho crinkled
appearance which adds to the beauty of the
Poppy in general. S. Arnott.

GILLENIA TRIFOLIATA.

WHEN planted in groups of from six to
twelve plants, the delicate rosy white flowers
of Gillenia trifoliata are loosely arranged in
terminal or axilliary panicles on graceful
stems, furnished with handsome trifoliate
foliage of a fresh green shade. It is an

admirable subject for the border or
shrubbery.

| ARMERIA RUBY.

THE common Thrift or Sea Pink isg

frequently used as an edging to borders. It
is a very easily grown plant and thrives
practically under any conditions. One of
the. most showy hardy border perennials in
flower at the present time, and one that
will continue in bloom for some considerable
time is the variety Ruby. This Thrift pro-

duces an abundance of globular-shaped heads
of rich deep rose-coloured flowers, on stout,
wiry scapes from one-and-a-half foot to two
feet high. As a border plant it is unique,
erfectly hardy, evergreen, and well adapted
or growing in the mixed herbaceous border.

VERONICA AMETHYSTINA.

BEcAUSE of its delightful, pyramidal spikes
of amethyst-blue flowers, this hardy plant
should be included in all herbaceous borders.
It produces myriads of flowers on stems
one-and-a-half foot to two feet high, and is
exeeedingly effective cither in the border
or in the rockery. The plant is perfectly hardy
and flowers from May to July. W. Logan.

ALPINE GARDEN.

VERONICA FRUTICANS (SYN. V.
SAXATILIS).

WHEN this delightful plant is in bloom at

about the end of May, it has no rival
among Alpine Speedwells. It may not be
more beautiful than the old V. rupestris

(Teucrium dubia) telephifolia, satureioides or
even V. Chamaedrys, but it has, nevertheless.

a charm of its own that is rare and
refined.

V. fruticans is one of those plants which
merit a ‘close-up’ position, so that one
may look into the individual flower and
mark within those stars of intensest royal
blue the white cye, with its wonderful
crimson iris and light golden anthers. No

spring rock plant deserves a choicer place
than this Speedwell, and in spite of a
reputation for ‘miffiness’’ in some gardens
it is not difficult in any free, gritty soil

with full exposure. Even when it grows
with the greatest freedom it does not
become a big plant, the semi-decumbent.

slender stems not often exceeding about six
inches in length.

There is a white form of V. fruticans
worthy of the type in every way and a
good companion plant for the latter. Then
there is V. fruticulosa, which Farrer claimed
to be no more than a variety of V. fruticans.

This, however, is a bolder, bushier, taller
plant, the more upright stems, with their
oval, hairy leaves. tapering into spires of

pink flowers veined with a darker shade of
the same colour. This, also, is an admirable
Speedwell and one likely to prove easier
than the type in gardens where the latter
is not a success. A. T. J.

GEUM BORISII.

THE now well-known G. Borisii has evidently
come to stay, for its orange-scarlet flowers
are very effective in the garden. Native
collectors regard it as a hybrid, namely. G.
reptans x G. bulgaricum. It was found by
J. Kellerer, who gave it the name it now
bears, in 1906. Kellerer found it on Mount
Rilo in Bulgaria. The plant near it was G.
reptans, a species that is widely spread in
Europe, where it affects high alpine regions,
in different countries ranging between 5,000
feet and 10,500 feet It is a beautiful species
with large, yellow flowers. but has runners
four inches to twelve inches long. G. Borisii
is considered to have taken the large leaf
form of G. bulgaricum. which has very large
leaves under cultivation, but has only bright
yellow flowers. The drooping flowers of G.
Borisii are described as brilliant yellow, and
most likely sterile. The various plants that
have appeared in this country are ‘described
as having brilliant orange-scarlet and brilliant
fiery orange-scarlet flowers. Dried specimens
of the true G. bulgaricum give the impression
of pale yellow flowers, but this may be due
to loss of colour in the drying process, other-
wise it would be difficult to account for
the hybrid having orange -scarlet flowers.

J. F.

NOTICES OF BOOKS.

— ——

GLADIOLI.*

(GARDEN races of Gladiolus of recent origin
are well worthy of a place in any garden.
The old kinds which, like the newer, are
for the most part of hybrid origin, are
beautiful also, albeit in a more effulgent
way. They had a rigidity of habit and a
magnificence of colouring which imparted to
the flower all the garden virtues except
perhaps that of grace. With the intro-
duction of Gladiolus primulinus by Mr.
Francis Fox less than twenty years ago,
the one thing lacking was imparted to the
Gladiolus of the garden, and now no more

beautiful nor more graceful flower is to
be found than the hybrid Gladioli with
primulinus blood in them. It is at first

sight surprising that a native plant of a
semi-tropical region should lend itself so
kindly to cultivation and hybridisation in this
country, but if recollection serves, Mr. Fox
once informed us that he found P. primu-
linus growing in the spray of the Zambesi
falls ; evidence that, although a native. of a
hot part of the world, the species enjoys
cooler conditions than those to which it
would be exposed were it to grow in the
more open places of its habitat. Gladiolus
primulinus has, as is well-known, imparted
to the hybrids in the parentage of which
it has played a part a dual gift of grace-
fulness—grace of form and of colour. The
magnificent but often hard colours of the
older hybrids—for example, of the gandavensis
kinds—are softened to lovely - tints. The
effect, no doubt, is due to the persistence
of the Primrose.yellow colour of the species
in the hybrids, with the consequence that
the full sap colours introduced by the other
parent are softened by the background of
yellow. The gracefulness of form, due to
G. primulinus, is manifest in the more
slender, somewhat bending flower spikes,
which no longer, as in the older varieties
which knew not G. primulmus, are stiff and
somewhat over-sturdy. With so many beautiful
garden races—both old and new—it 18 no
wonder that the popularity of the Gladiolus
is great and constantly growing.

The versatility of the plants is shown by
the fact that they do as well—or better-—
in America than with us, and, indeed, so
popular is the Gladiolus in the United
States that ዜ special society exists to
encourage its cultivation. With a similar
and most commendable object, Mr. Macself
has written for the ** Home Garden " series
& book on the Gladiolus, the excellence of
which is bound to augment the already
great popularity of the plant.

Among the many virtues of the Gladiolus,
ease of cultivation is certainly one, and
another ease of propagation. There are not
many plants which produce offspring in such
quantity. So early as 1834, as Mr. Macself
points out in his remarks on the history of
the Gladiolus, a correspondent in The
Floricultural Cabinet who had planted three
* roots " of G. psittacinus expresses astonish-
ment that from them he obtained on lifting
five good corms and an extraordinary
number of small ones, ranging from the
size of Hazel Nuts to that of grains of
Wheat. Anyone who plants Gladiolus may
be sure that though he lift the corms
never So carefully young plants will appear
next year from the spawn left in the
ground. As Mr. Macself points out, the
modern Gladiolus of gardens 18 a plant
of very mixed parentage. Although the
hybridiser did not begin very easily to cross
species-—the first recorded hybrid is that
figured in Robert Sweets British Flower
Garden, 1833-—-he has gone on with persistence

and success ever since. The note accom-
panying this illustration states that the
hybrid was raised by that distinguished
gardener, the Hon. and Rev. William
* Gladioli. By ላ. J. Maeself. Thornton Butter-
worth, Ltd. Price /- net,

dixi praua S ase THE. fs ARDE NER © CHRON ILES እህ bc

— MÀ — ———— — — — — — —— — — d

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TISSON & CO. STREATHAM COMMON. STATION, | SW. 16.

JONE 27, 1925.

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

455. S

Herbert, and that it—named G. pudibundus—
was believed to be derived from a cross
between G. cardinalis and G. blandus. The
former seems to be a good species, but
G. blandus is an old garden plant, in
itself very variable, as anyone may see who
will consult and compare Figs. 625 and 645
in the Botanical Magazine. Whatever 118
origin, Herberts hybrid proved both orna-
mental and fertile. Its flower is shown in
t. 610 of the Botanical Magazine, and the
note accompanying this illustration describes it
usa * free blower, very ornamental, and propa-
gates with ease from both seed and offsets.”

Besides G. cardinalis and G. blandus,
G. psittacinus, resplendent in scarlet and
vellow and valuable because of its late-
flowering. long ago joined in the syndicate
of species which have produced modern
races of garden Gladioli. It was undoubtedly
e of the parents of the gandavensis
hybrids, though what was the other is less
certain. Judging from their promiscuousness,
there may have been more than two species
involved in the begetting of this wonderful
race. From gandavensis races, M. Lemoine
raised his well-known Lemoinei and
Nanceianus hybrids, using for this purpose
the species G. purpureus-auratus, a remarkable
native of Natal. distinguished by the pale,
golden-yellow colour of its flower. — Natal,
also, is the home of G. cruentus, a more
magnificent G. cardinalis introduced, according
to The Gardeners’ Chronicle, in 1868.

Those who are interested in the genus
from the exhibition point of view will read
with much interest Mr. Macself’s judicious
&ppraisement of the points to be regarded.
So far as planting is concerned, the author
recommends planting in October for carly
flowering. at a depth of thrce-inches, coupling
with thes: directions the recommendation to
surround the corms with sand and to cover
with litter at the approach of frost. As to

preparation of the ground, Mr. Mauesclf
recommends. digging in manure m August,
sowing a green crop of Lupins, Tares, or

Mustard. digging the crop in before the winter
and leaving the land rough until the spring.

Rock Gardening.

useful series of ** Half-crown
published by Country Life,
deals with a variety of subjects, and one
before us. on rock gardening,* is from the
pen of Mr. Walter lrving. whose knowledge
of the subject is unrivalled, for he has for many
veurs had charge of the very extensive collec-
tion of alpines cultivated in the Royal Botanic
Gardens, Kew. In a work of less than sixty
pages he, has had, necessarily. to condense
his subject somewhat severely, but he has
made the most of the space at his disposal.
and the information he gives will serve as
a guide to all who are interested in this
particular phase of gardening.

In the opening chapters he deals with the
selection of a site for a rock garden, materials
for its construction, the cultivation and soil

Garden
Ltd.,

THE
Books ''

most suitable for alpines, and the alpine
house and frames.
The chapter on the cultivation of soils is

for many of the failures
with alpines may be traced to growing them
in an unsuitable rooting-medium, and he
very wisely advises the provision of a con-
siderable depth of soil for alpine plants,
for the roots of most alpines travel a long
depth in search of suitable food and
moisture. His advice on planting alpines
is also valuable, for it is only after long
experience that the grower finds out the
best time to do this, as some need to be
planted directly after flowering is over,
others in spring and still others in autumn.

Mr. Irving recommends all who attempt
the construction of a rock garden to arrange
the rocks in u natural style and not to
use too much stone. The old style of a

especially useful,

* Rock Gardening. By Walter Irving. The Half-crown
Gardening Book series. Country Life, Ltd., 20, Tavistock
Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2.

heap of soil thickly studded with stones
poking out, in what one of the cleverest
writers on alpine gardening has described as
the almond-pudding and the plum-bun
systems, is never found in nature, and the
most successful rock gardens are those which
possess “a variable and broken surface,
consisting of bays, ledges and crevices with
prominences that give shelter and shade to
such plants that require it.”

The greater part of the book is devoted
to a list of plants for the rock garden
and the principal families dealt with are
Acantholimon, Achillea, Adonis, Aethionema,
Alyssum, Androsace, Anemone, Campanula,
Cyclamen, Dianthus, Erodium, Gentiana,
Primula and Saxifraga.

Several excellent illustrations are included,
and a study of these will give & better clue
to the proper disposition of alpins on
rockeries than any amount of text.

FIG. 200.—-MONOTROPA UNIFLORA.

MONOTROPA UNIFLORA.

THis plant (Fig. 200), known as Indian Pipe,
belongs to the Erica or Heath family, the genus
consisting of only two species. which are
found distributed over most of Europe,
Northern Asia, and North America. One
species, M. Hypopithys, is found in woods
in this country near the roots of Fir and
Beech from Westmoreland southwards. It
has a drooping raceme of brownish-yellow
flowers. M. uniflora is a native of North
America, but is also found in Japan and in

the Himalayas. The scale-covered, white
scapes, four-inches to ten-inches high, are
produced from a mat of brittle roots, and
bear single. nodding flowers with white
petals. Both are curious and interesting

plants. but as they are saprophytes, feeding
on decayed vegetable matter, cultivation 18
somewhat difficult. The American species is
sometimes wholly pink or red. It flowers from
June to August. W. I.

APPLE-LEAF SCORCH.

SINCE Dr. Durham has discovered that the
argument by which he finally ousted potash
as a factor in the problem of leaf scorch
was based on a reference shown only to
refer to Barley, he has set forth further
arguments in articles in your issues of April
25 and May 30, by which he again ousts.
potash to his satisfaction.

Several points arise in these articles upon
which I should like to make comment. |

Thus, in the article of April 25, page 258,
a strong point is made of the fact that in
the Long Ashton pot trials “theo potash is
exhibited as sulphate." Since no portion of
the potash is applied in the form of sulphate*
this portion of the argument is as uncon-
vincing as the previous one.

Again, data relating to the potash content
of the fruits, branches, roots, etc., of tho
Apple and Pear, are presented, from which
it is suggested that the Pear has greater potash
needs than the Apple. In the very earliest
days of soil chemistry, Liebig, after carrying |
out analyses of various agricultural plants,
concluded that the Turnip, which he found
to contain a low percentage of phosphates,
would require a very small amount of
phosphatic manuring for its development. ተ
This view was shown by Lawes to bc
erroneous in practice, and to-day phosphates |
form the basic dressing for the Turnip crop,
and quite rightly so. |

Then in the last paragraph dealing with.
“restoration to health by supplying the
wanting factor,” if Dr. Durham wishes to
seo leaf scorch overcome in a very simple
manner in the case of our 1681 - scorch plants
in pots, I shall be pleased to demonstrate
a very simple potash method to him, |

Turning next to the article of May 30.
p. 372, there are several points which appear.
to be unsound. In the first place tree re-
quirements based on removal data are given
to show the amounts of nitrogen, phosphoric
acid, potash, and lime, which are removed .
by Apple trees during growth. I assume
that the analyses were made on trees growing
out of doors, since data for an adult tree
are given. Before finally assigning a -value |
to such analyses I would ask Dr. Durham -
to carry out a few experiments to determine -
the extent to which rain ean wash out ash
constituents—especially potash—from the foliage -
of Apple trees. As a starting point in such
an investigation 1 would ask him to look
up the following reference: (Year Book, -
U.S. Dept. of Agric., 1908, page 389). The .
article will be found to be most illuni- .
nating. Data are presented in it of amounts -
of nitrogen, potash, lime and magnesia
removed from growing crops by rain and
dew and it is shown that data such us
those quoted for Apple trees do not
sent the amounts absorbed by the.. plants -
but the amounts absorbed less the. amounts <.
washed out by rain and dew. Similar.

results have been obtained at Long Ashton. -

in experiments on the effects of leaching -
with water on the foliage of the Apple, : in

which special attention was given to the >
removal of potassium compounds. An ac-
count of these experiments will appear .

shortly in The Journal of Pomology.

Even if such analyses had any value 11]
showing the amount of food absorbed by
the Apple, I scarcely see the point of the
argument “that the Apple trees grown. m
the experiments at Long Ashton have no .
chance of obtaining the essential elements in
normal form” because the ratios of these in
the nutrient solution are not identical with
the ratios found in the tree.
propounding the theory that Apple trees can
only take in the essential clements in normal
form when available in these ratios ?

I should be obliged for the reference

* 4nnual Report, Long Ashton, 192], page 44.
Soü Conditions and Plant Growth. E. J. Russell, 1912
Edition, page 12.

repie- :.

Is Dr. Durham -

456

giving the information ‘that normally potash

is absorbed in the form of carbonate or
perhaps some organic combination.” I

trust the reference will be a recent one.
I should also welcome the views of experts
on this point.

I disagree entirely that such a view is
held either by plant physiologists or soil
chemists, as the modern view held ከሃ such

workers is that the plant absorbs its
“potash” in the form of the potassium
ion. This being so, there is no reason why

the trees in our pot experiments should not
absorb the “potash’’ in normal form.

I should also like to point out that
present-day plant physiologists, since they
hold this view, use the methods of water
culture and sand culture in fundamental
studies on the absorption of the essential
food elements by plante.

For examples of the use of the sand
culture—nutrient solution method to the
nutritional problems of Citrus trees see the
publications of Reed and Haas—University
of California Expt. Station Bulletins.

The nitrogen/potash ratio referred to in
the 1923 Report is obviously a nitrate,
nitrogen/potash ratio since nitrogen is only
applied in nitrate form. I would look at
this ratio in practical work in rather a
different way from the very crude method
suggested by Dr. Durham and would warn
growers that there is a real danger of leaf
scorch resulting from nitrogenous feeding of
trees on soils on which crops are known to
respond to potash dressings unless potash
manures are also regularly applied. (Sec
later in this article re Hutton Experiments).

Work on this point is at present in pro-
press at one other Research Station in this
country —both in sand and roil culture—and the
results of these experimenta are in complete
agreem^nt with those obtained at Long Ashton.

Regarding the statement “that rain water
should not contain more potash than all the
blood ot existing. dodos . . . ete.’ jit is
obvious that no thought has been given to
the usual methods of collecting rain water
in bulk and to the possibility of contamin-
ation which may result from such methods.

In point of fact. the potash content of the
water used has been determined from tine
to time and has been of the order of 0.25

parts per million.

l admire the courageous | manner in
which Dr. Durham: is prepared to compare
and contrast the available potash of soils
of different types and to draw his con-
clusions rigidly from these. I would
recommend 8 little investigation of the
subject as the surest way of ridding himself
of such ideas. In fact, consideration of the
statements on ‘available potash” made by
Dr. Durham in these articles leads one to
the conclusion that ho will have to amend
his ideas very radically on the “needful
available limite." He would do well to
commence the process by studying the modern
views on base exchange in soils.—See account
of discussion held the Faraday Society on
Base Exchange in Soils. Dec. 9, 1924.

Again, the statement ‘‘that leaf scorch at
centres A. and F. has ‘practically
disappeared '—not entirely be it noted—etc."
appears to show & lack of appreciation of
the problem of curing the trees in a leaf
scorch plantation. In such plantations where
the trees are fairly old there are always
pem of these which one cannot hope to
eüre. At the centres to which reference was
previously made and where leaf scorch has

“practically disappeared since potash has
been applied,” previous to treatment, the
majority of the trees were in a crippled

condition due to leaf scorch, whereas now
the trees are bearing healthy foliage and
carrying crops.

In view of all the points which have
been advanced in these discussions to
endeavour to show how the results obtained
in our pot experiments have all been due

THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE.

to the abnormal conditions of pot culture,
it will be of interest to readers to know
there are two controlled field experiments in
progress at present in which the action of
potash manures in controlling leaf scorch in
the presence of both carbonates and humic
matter can be seen.

The first of these is in a manurial
experiment on Gooseberries which has been
in progress at Long Ashton since 1921. The
soil is a light sandy loam, though containing
a fairly high total potash—0.52 per cent.
When the bushes were planted out in 1921,

leaf scorch appeared over practically the
whole of the area.
The following differential treatments have

been continued over this area on plots one-
sixteenth of an acre in area since that
time :—
1.—Control—No manure.
2.—Dung at 10 tons
each spring.
3.—Nitrate of soda 3 cwts.; superphosphate

per acre—applied

4 cwts.; sulphate or muriate of
potash, 2 cwts. per acre--applied each
spring.

1. Dried blood containing nitrogen equiv-
alent in amount to that contained
in 3 ewts. of nitrate of soda; bone
flour (containing phosphoric acid as
in 4 cwts. superphosphate); sulphate
or muriate of potash as in 3.

ዓ.--ላ8 in 3—less nitrate of soda.
6.—As in 3—less superphosphate.
7.--As in 3—less potash manure.

As the result of these treatments the
bushes receiving the treatments “no manure "
and ‘‘potash omitted," ie, plots l and 7.
are stunted in growth and every bush is
affected with leaf scorch each summer,
whereas the bushes on all the other plots
are making healthy growth and have ceased
to show signs of leaf scorch.

The second is in a manurial experiment on
Apple trees which has been in progress at
the Lancashire County Council Horticultural
Station at Hutton, near Preston, since 1911.
The soil at this centre is a heavy soil
which would not generally be expected 10
react to potash manuring. The available
potash is given as 0.018% in 1911.

Here, trees fed annually since planting
with nitrate of soda at 14 cwt. per acre
have remained stunted and scorched and
are loose in the ground. Others fed with
phosphates and potash in addition to
nitrogen or with dung have made excellent.

growth and show only a trace of leat
scorch each year. Another group fed with
dung : sulphate of ammonia show more
scorch than those fed with dung alone

whilst others fed with dung and sulphate
of potash have remained entirely froe from
leaf scorch.

Needless to say we should welcome a
visit from Dr. Durham to Long Ashton any
time in July or August to sce the plots
in which thc ousted potash is playing so
valiant a part in controlling leaf scorch
and I have no doubt that he would ከር
given a hearty welcome to Hutton. The
results at this latter centre would provide
him with excellent material for reflection on
the nitrogen/potash ratio. T. Wallace, Long
Ashton Research Station.

Since writing the above article 1 have
read the interesting note of Mr. Cecil
Hooper in your issue of June 13, pago 419,
referring to results obtained in manurial
experiments on Apples, etc., at Wyo College.

This is apparently another case in which
feeding with nitrogenous manures without
ensuring an adequate supply of potash—

thus producing a wide nitrogen/potash ratio—
has resulted in leaf scorch and serves to
emphasise the point made by us that there
is a real danger of leaf scorch resulting on
certain types of soil from such systems of
manuring. T. W., Long Ashton, Bristol.

JUNE, 27, 1955.

HARDY FRUIT GARDEN.

DAVIDSON’S COMPOSITION.

READING some comparatively old tattered
pages on fruit culture by an author who is
unknown to me I found a reference te
*Davidson's dressing" for application to
fruit tree boles as a preventive of rabbits,
and its reliability for the purpose. So many
highly lauded unctions to this end have
been tried thoroughly and proved reliable
only in their unreliability that my vote
and the votes of many others go to small-
meshed wire netting; I therefore remained
unimpressed, notwithstanding the absolute
soundness of the cultural advice given
Nevertheless, my curiosity was roused and
many inquiries went to friends, but without
reward to date. In the meantime books
were searched and a solitary reference was
found in the second edition of Miss
Ormerod’s Manual of Injurious Insects (page
264), which reads. **1 refer here to Davidson's
Composition, made according to the original
recipe, which so far as I am aware, is
procurable only from Messrs. Dickson and
Sons, Newton Nurseries. Chester. Since the
first edition of my manual was published, 1
have been given to understand that a
slightly altered form of the composition has
been issued, which very possibly may answer
as well as the above, but I am not myself
acquainted with it." This comes in a foot-
note to the remarks on Pine Weevil. about
which I know nothing. Mention weevils to
Apple growers, however, and they com-
mence to anathematise the Apple blossom
weevil, and 1 was intrigued instantly.
What was Davidson's Composition? Would
it be of practical value in Apple
blossom weevil attacks’ Probably not. as
Miss Ormerod makes no reference to it
under that head. Turning to the Hort:
cultural Directory, 1 found -*Dickson's Ltd..
Chester," but no Dickson and Sons, Newton
Nursery, Chester. Will one of the knowledge-
able fruit men of The Gardeners’ Chronicl
tell me what Davison’s Composition is and
particularly its value, if any. against Apple
blossom weevil ? . i

HOME CORRESPONDENCE.

— — al

Ixiolirion Ledebouri.—L.. on p. 413 draws at.
tention to Ixiolirion tataricum, and I agree with
all he writes about its utility for cutting and
as a border plant. Light soil and a warm
position seem essential factors for its well-
being. May l add that I find it an
excellent subject for growing in a cool or
even a cold greenhouse. The protection
enhances its beauty, especially if it is used
as a cut flower. When I obtain a few I
tataricum I generally get a few I. Ledebour:
as well in order to prolong the season.
Many think there is no difference between
T. Ledebouri and 1. tataricum. They are
ve similar, I must admit, but true 1.

ebouri ficwers ten days before 1
tataricum, hence the wisdom of buying both.
especially if they are wanted for growing
under glass. Ixiolirions are usually called
*Lily-like," but ever since a dear old lady
said of a vase full in my study, “ What

have you there? Why I declare they
are blue Freesias!" I think of them as
more Freesia-like than Lily-like. Joseph
Jacob.

Hay Fever.—In reply to your correspondent -
enquiry on p. 441 for a remedy for hay

fever, Dr. E. Ritserts" Rhinoculin-Cream give:

great relief. It may be obtained from
Messrs. Scott, Warner & Co.. chemists, 55,
Fore Street, London, E.C.2, who are sole

agents, price 3/- per tube. H. Hanchet, Bank-
holme, Woodcote Valley Road, Purley.

June 27, 1925.

THE GARDEN ERS’ CHRONICLE.

457

An Operation on the Standard Rose.—I was
greatly interested in reading the account by
W.on p. 440 of how his medical friend
successfully set the “leg” of one of his
standard Roses. Possessing no medical

knowledge myself, I. was called upon to
perform a similar operation about eight
years ago, as two standard Rose trees had

their heads blown almost off, the only
attachment being a very small piece of
hark. One Rose was General MacArthur,

and the other Madame Ravary. My appli-
ances were those a gardener uses at such
times; clay and old rubber hose pipe. The
clay was moistened and worked into a
putty-like paste and then, after the stem
had been set into position as nearly as
possible, the clay was placed round the
wound, the piece of rubber hose split
open and then put around the clay and
fastened top and bottom to keep the whole
in position. One of the Roses is stil alive
and in good health. The other survived,
but met with a worse accident two years
ago, when its head was blown off entirely.
So W. and his medical friend need not
despair. Hud the accident happened at the
end of October it might have been a
different matter, as the sap flows more
freely in spring. I have carried out similar
operations with other trees, in early summer,
with success. Isaiah Johnson.

Salads.—In olden times it was said that
salads “purified the blood.” Our ancestors
could not have explained in scientific language
what this meant, but they knew from ex-
perience that people suffering from blotches,
and blains and boils, and skin eruptions
were benefited by taking salads instead of
meat. Now-a-days we talk of “vitamines”
in the sap and green leaves of our salads
and in the juices of our fresh fruits, and
80 we think we understand the scientific
reason for our grandmothers’ advice. Now
is the time to put this teaching into practice.
Look in the meadows of the land and there
wil be seen horses grazing with coats of
velvet, and cows fully favoured and shining
in sleek and radiant happiness. This beauty
of skin and hair they get from the fresh
herbage of the meadows. This is one of the
secrets of the salad. Eaten all the year
round it will improve the complexion and
give beauty to the skin and sheen to the
hair. In order to get the best results from
"alads they should not be eaten with meat. The
proper course is to give up flesh foods during
the summer, and to take a dietary of fruits,
nuts, cereals, milk, butter, cheese and honey,
and to add salads with a salad dressing of
oil to every meal. People, too, often have
an idea that *''salad'" means merely Lettuce
and Cress, whereas the ways of making
salads are infinite, and the ingredients are
extremely varied, the different kinds being
obtainable all the year round. If your readers
have any difficulty in getting one of the
many handbooks published on the subject
they may always apply to the Fruitarian
Society for assistance. Josiah Oldfield, Margaret
Manor, Sittingbourne.

Apple Scab.—It has been demonstrated a
good many times that both Bordeaux mixture
and lime-sulphur are capable of reducing
damage from Apple Scab, but I have never
before heard of a cuse in which either made an
absolute clearance of the disease, as claimed
by Mr. Geo. H. Copley on page 439. I have

sprayed with one or other of these
fungicides every season for many years, but
never with complete success, and not
infrequently with more or less injury to

certain varieties. Unless Mr. Copley left some
trees unsprayed us a control, I think he
ought to attribute his good result partly to
luck. Such things do occur in fruit growing,
and when you try the same treatment again
you meet with failure. lt would be interesting
to know whether his trees are still free from
scab, for in many cases this season the
disease did not develop to any extent until
early June, then it spread badly. Market
Grower.

SOCIETIES.

ROYAL HORTICULTURAL.

JUNE 23 and 24.—Delphinums, Roses, and
Sweet Peas were particularly well shown,
and these with other seasonable flowers made
a very bright and effective show. Orchids
were more numerous than a fortnight ago,
and the several collections included inter-
esting and valuable plante. Vegetables were
not repreaented, and although Strawberries
were intended to be a special feature of the
meeting, the exhibits were noteworthy for
quality and not quantity. A great many
novelties were placed before the Floral
— bat only a relatively few received
award,

Orchid Committee.
Present: Sir Jeremiah Colman, Bart. (in the
chair), Mr. Gurney Wilson (Hon. Sec.),
Mr. A. Dye, Mr. J. Wilson Potter, Mr. C.

J. Lucas, Mr. Fred K. Sander, Mr. J. E.
Shill, Mr. Charles H. Curtis, Mr. A. McBean,

Mr. J. C. Cowan, Mr. T. Armstrong, Mr.
Stuart H. Low and Mr. H. T. Pitt.
AWARD OF MERIT.
Laelio-Cattleya Beatrice de Herriard (Cat.

tleya Veiris x L.C. Ettrick).—A pleasing hybrid
in which the sepals and petals are pale
greenish-yellow and the stiff lip is deep
violet-purple, edged with greenish- yellow and
with golden veins in the orange-red base and
throat. Shown by Mrs. BEATRICE JERvAIS,
Herriard Park, Basingstoke.

PRELIMINARY COMMENDATIONS.

Odontoglossum eximium var. Gatton Triumph
(O. crispum Solon x O. ardentissimum).—The
flowers are white, with a dark red-brown lip
and roundish blotches of this colour on some
of the other segments.

Odontoglossum Lady Holmden (O. Lord Pirrie
x O.Amethyst).—In this hybrid the flowers
are chocolate coloured, with white markings
and margins and a white apex to the lip.
Al the margins are wavy and slightly
fringed.

Odontoglossum Lady Colman (O. Lambeau-
ianum x O. V.C.).—A large flower with
heavy, chocolate-red markings on a blush-
white ground. The flat lip is white with
PATE red-brown markings at the edge and
ase.

The three foregoing Orchids were small
plants and with the exception of the first,
carried only one flower. They were shown
by Sir JEREMIAH COLMAN (gr. Mr. J. Collier),
Gatton Park, Reigate.

GROUPS.

Messrs. SANDERS had a capital exhibit in
which the plants were disposed so that each
could fully display its charms. Prominent
plants were those of Dendrobium thyrsiflorum,
one carrying a dozen of its pendant spikes
of yellow and white flowers; Thunia Marshall-
iana, T. Brymeriana, Phalaenopsis Rimestediana,
Brassia verrucosa, Laelia Pacavia, the hand-
some Cattleya Thurgoodiana, the blue-flowered
Dendrobium Victoria Reginae, the albino
Cypripedium Curtisii var. Sanderae, Oncidium
Papilio majus and a few small-flowered species
of botanical interest.

Messrs. STUART Low AND Oo. had a small
display. It contained some fairly large plants
of Cattleya Mossiae and C. gigas, besides
examples of the quaint Oncidium phymato-

chilum, Phalaenopsis Luddemanniana, the
sensitive lipped Bulbophyllum barbigerum,
Odontoglossum Williamsii and Miltonia

vexillaria in variety.

Floral Committee. '

Section A.—Present: Messrs. H. B. May
(in the chair), E. R. Janes, Donald Allan,
Andrew Ireland, M. C. Allwood, J. B. Riding,
D. Ingamells, Chas. E. Pearson, G. W. Leak,

F. Streeter, Arthur Turner, H. J. Jones, and
W. D. Cartwright (Secretary).

Section B.—Present: Mr. C. T. Musgrave
(in the Chair) Sir Wiliam Lawrence, and
Messrs. W. J. Bean, R. Wallace, F. G.
Preston, T. Hay, Reginald Cory, Amos
Perry, G. Harrow, Gerald Loder, R. D.
Trotter, and W. B. Cranfield.

AWARDS OF MERIT.

Rose Dame Edith Helen.—This handsome
exhibition-sized H.T. Rose was in particularly
fine condition, and surpassed the blooms
shown at the N.R.S. spring show. In addition
to being of large size, the blooms are of
full habit, very shapely, and of a pleasant,
medium shade of pink. Shown by Messrs.
ALEXANDER DICKSON AND Sons.

Rose Else Poulsen.—A_ valuable dwarf.
Polyantha variety which we admired last
year in a collection at the Regent’s Park
show. It appears to be very free flowering
and of compact habit. The single flowers
are throe-inches across and have a particularly
attractive, wavy outline. The colour is a
clear pink, slightly deeper in shade on the
margins of the petals. The cluster of
stamens is unusually small. Shown by Messrs.
D. Prior AND Sons.

Rose Marcia Stanhope.—A lovely H.T. Rose
which received the Gold Medal of the National
Rose Society at Regent's Park, on June 27,
1924. lt is of good size, of perfect exhi-
bition form and delicious fragrance. There
is rather more than a suggestion of apricot
in the heart of the blooms, and but for
this we anticipate that the variety would
replace Frau Karl Druschki as the most
popular white Rose in the garden. But it
has great merits, both for garden decoration
and for exhibition. Shown by Mr. GEORGE
LILLEY.

Rose Mrs. Herbert Nash.—A deep rose-pink
H.T. variety, fully double and of considerable
substance. Allied to the rich colour is greater
fragrance than is usually found in a brightly
coloured Rose. It is said to be of excellent
habit, and free flowering. Shown by Messrs.
CHAPLIN Bros.

Rose Lady Worthington Evans.—This is a
showy garden H.T. Rose, which also has
considerable value for house decoration. The

blooms are of medium size, slightly flattish
in shape, and the broad petals are of very
bright, velvety crimson colour. The buds are
very pretty, and the neat foliage is good and
firm. Shown by Messrs. ALEX DICKSON AND
Sons.

Acidanthera candida.—A South African Irid
which bears a general resemblance to a very
slender Gladiolus. The flower spikes are
about eighteen inches long and these bear
a few white flowers which have unusually
long, narrow tubes. The genus thrives
under treatment similar to that afforded /
Ixias. Shown by Mr. W. VAN DE WEYER.

Calceolaria pratensis. — The value of this
Calceolaria will probably be greater in the
rock garden than in the flower border. It
was found in the foothills of the Andes and
should probably be hardy under average
winter conditions. The plants on show had
neat rosettes of harsh, green leaves, and threw
up plenty of erect, slender stems about a
foot or more high, which bore large numbers
of small, yellow flowers. The pouch of the
flower is curiously flattened, almost as
though deflated. Shown by Sir Wm. LAWRENCE.

Campanula persicifolia gigantea coronata
Shirley.—This is a most ungainly name. which,
if the variety becomes popular, could well
be shortened. It bears tall stems of blue
flowers, which appear to fade quickly. Shown
by Messrs. B. LapHams, LTD.

Clematis quinquefoliata.—A Chinese species
raised from seed collected by Wilson in the
mountains north of Kui early in the present
century. It is closely allied to C. Meyen-

458

iana but differs in having five leaflets
instead of three and in bearing less numerous

flowers. The long branches on show were
particularly numerous and bore many small.
milk-white flowers which — were — slightly
fragrant. It is a very free-growing and
handsome climber. Shown by Mr. 1:. M.
PRESTON.

Deutzia scabra. latifolia.--VThis 15 a welcome
addition to the taller Deutzias. 1t appears to

be much more vigorous than the species,
and in addition to having larger leaves
bears larger flowers of a clearer white.

Shown by the Hon. Vicary GIBBS.

Dianthus Giant-fowered Frilled. — An ex-
cellent strain of annual Pinks of which the
name well describes the habit and form of
the flowers. It includes a number of lovely
shades of colour. Shown by Messrs. J. CARTER
AND Co.

Hemerocallis W4nsome.—A very pretty Day
Lily which, while not so large as some
others, is very attractive in its clear canary-
yellow colour. The buds are stained buff
and this colour continues on the under sides
of the outer segments. It is slightly
fragrant. Shown by Mr. G. YEup.

Ozothamnus rosmarinifolius.—This half-hardy
shrub, which was introduced from van
Diemen's Land in 1822, is common in the
Riviera Districts of Cornwall and other
warm parts of the country. The branches
were particularly well-flowered. Shown by
Sir WM. LAWRENCE.

Phlomis fruticosa. -1 ከሁ very old inhabitant

of our gardens was introduced from Spain
over three hundred years ago, and is
commonly known as the Jerusalem Sage.

The bright ycllow flowers were very attractive.
Shown from the CAMBRIDGE BOTANIC GAR-
DENS.

Tithonia speciosa (syn. Heleunthus speciosus).

—This very showy Composite was the
subject of a coloured supplement to the
Gardeners’ Chronicle of March 13, 1915. 11

is an annual species introduced from Mexico
in 1833, and received an Award of Merit.
from the R.H.S. on October 7, 1913, and
as the award is now duplicated there can
be no doubts of the Coinmittee's. appreciation
of the plant. The flowers illustrated in 1913
were grown in the open by Mr. Batchelor,
at Towcester, while those of the present occasion
appear to have been grown under glass.
However. it is a very handsome flower of
Rudbeckia appearance. The twelve or
thirteen ray florets are of rieh red colour,
and the orange coloured dise is relatively
small. Shown by Mr. J. B. Bopy.

GROUPS.

DELPHINIUMS.

These handsome border perennials were the

principal feature of the show and were
shown in great excellence in several col-
lections. Messrs. BLACKMORE AND LANGDON '

had a very large group well arranged against
the wall. Most of the spikes were exceptionally
large and ineluded many desirable shades of
colour. Those with dark shades of blue
included Purple King, Robert Cox, and Fred
Miles. with Blue Bird, Lady Beatrice Stanley,
Col. Douglas, Edward Bromet, which has a
distinct white eye, and Lizzie van Veen of
medium blue colour. The fascinating lavender
shade was represented im Glory. Phyllis.
Triumph, Mrs. Shirley, and Nora. Ferguson.
Lord Derby is of uncommon rosy-purple
colouring.

Messrs. KELWAY
large number of
phinium, and

AND SON
excellent
although

also showed a
spikes of Del-
their — collection
suffered in the spectacular sense from its
position this rendered it particularly easy
for a close inspection of the many splendid
varieties, which included Dusky Monarch,
Smoke of War, Lord Fisher, a rich dark
blue, semi-double; Bluebeard. semi-double,

THE GARDENERS

lavender: Splendour and Thundercloud. They
also showed good Paconies, especially
Ethelreda and Dr. Bonavia, double rose, and
Silvo. Paeony-flowered.

An interesting collection of standard
varieties of Delphiniuins was staged by
Messrs. R. H. BaATrH. Ltp., who also had

especially good, double-flowered Paeonies in
Chas. Levaque. Solange and Couronne d'Or.

A fascinating exhibit of a new Delphinium
named Mrs. W. J. Sanderson was made by
Messrs. J. BURRELL AND Co. lt is a
graceful spike of Oxford-blue colour and the
flowers have a distinct white eye. Mr. T.
Bones included Luxor. dark blue and purple ;

Star of Langport. single light blue; Rev.
Chas. Storr, semi-double. bright blue, and

Clarissa in his collection of Delphiniums.

A gracefully arranged floor group of: Del-
phiniums was contributed by Messrs. GEORGE
BUNYARD AND Co. This exhibit included most
of the best standard varieties. of which the

following were very prominent: Lizy van
Veen, Queen Mary. Mrs. A. J. Watson.
Jessica. Minerva, and The Alake. The group

was bordered with Campanula Fleur do
Niege and C. pusilla. Delphiniums were
associated with various alpines by Messrs.
BAKERS, Ltp.. in whose group Hypericum

fragile and Calceolaria polyrrhiza were very

interesting. Messrs. LowkE AND GiBnsoN had
Delphiniums and a few good border
Carnations.
MISCELLANEOUS.
Particularly good vases of Irises were
arranged by Messrs. BARR AND Sons. These
were chiefly such named varieties of the

English Jris as Grand Lilas, Sunset. Pollux.
Duke of Clarence, and Blue (riant. but they
also included. bright vases of tbe yellow
species Iris Mounieri, 1. aurca, and 1. mon-

aurea. in association with the Irises were
the useful hardy Chalcedonicum album and
L. croccum; Campanulas and Gaillardias. Tall

graceful spikes of Eremurus Warei. 15. Lemon
Queen. various Delphiniums, and several
splendidly grown pot plants of Saxifraga
longifolia were displayed ከሃ Mr. J. C. ALL-
GROVE.

A fairly seasonal representative group of
Campanulas was arranged by Messrs. LADHAMs,
Lro. The tall varieties included the new
Shirley and Queen of June. The double-white
Fleur de Niege, Fairie Queenc. lavender. and
Holstii major, dwarf blue, were also attractive.
In addition to the Campanulas there was a
good collection of border Pinks. In a good

group, Mr. T. CARLILE displayed = excellent
plants of Tree Lupins Light of Loddon,
Gaillardia Loddon hybrids, and Delph-
niuins.

In a corner group Messrs. HARKNESS, LTD..
set up splendid plants of their fine strain of

Lupins. These were chiefly in shades of old
gold and of rose. and were particularly
attractive. The alpines and border plants

shown by Messrs. R. TUCKER AND Sons
included Bletia hyacinthina, Phyteuma comosum,
dwarf Alliums. Campanulas, and Delphiniums.

The last-named was also shown by Messrs.
M. PRICHARD and Soxs with Tritomus.

Watsonia Ardernei. and an excellent collection
of Japanese Irises in named sorts.

Erythraca Massonii. Campanula G. F. Wilson,
(Enothera speciosa rosea, and a dwarf Thymus
were associated with Delphiniums by Messrs.
WATERER. Sons AND Crisp. Campanula per-
sicifolia The Favourite was freely shown by
Messrs. W. J. GODFREY AND SON. who ngain
had an interesting. collection of Show and
Fancy Pelargoniums.

ላ well-designed) rockery was appropriately

planted by Mr. F. G. Woop. Two dwarf
C(Enotheras, CE. speciosa rosea and (È.
mexicana rosea attracted a deal of attention,
At one end of the rock-garden exhibit Mr.
Woop showed various flowering shrubs.
Lupins were the principal feature of an
Interesting exhibit. by the ('ዘላ1ቁቄ:. Hirrs

NURSERY COMPANY. who also showed splendid
hatches of Coreopsis grandiflora, Armeria

CHRONICLE.

Bee's Ruby, Achillea Cerise Queen and the
double-flowered Ryburgh Poppies.

À valuable collection of Philadelphus
shown by Mr. CHARLES TURNER included
Virginal and Albarte, doubles: Pavilion Blanc.
Norma and P. grandiflora. singles. Messrs.
L. R. HvusskELL. Lrp., had u group of
Clematis in variety. Corokaea virgata and
other hardy shrubs.

SWEET Peas.

Several large stands of Rose Shot Silk in
the admirable collection of Messrs. ALEN.
Dicksox AND Sons drew attention to the
great decorative value of that variety and
other Roses of merit were Scarlet Glory, George
H. Mackereth. Mrs. Henry Bowles. Lady
Inchiquin and Ethel Somerset. Mrs. Courtney
Page. Admiration, Vesuvius and Gwyneth
Jones are the names of a few of the Roses
shown by Messrs. 8. McGREDY AND Sons.

Mr. Gerorce LiLLEY gave the central
position in his collection of Roses to Marcia
Stanhope which received an Award of Merit.
He also showed excellent blooms of Mrs.
E. J. Hudson, an H.T. of perfect form and
rich pink colouring, and Lucy Constable.
The Rev. J. H. PEMBERTON showed attractive
vases of Bertha Turner. Marion. Mrs. Henry
Morse. Independence Day, and other good
varieties. Golden. Emblem was a prominent
variety in the collection of Roses arranged
by Messrs. B. R. Cant AND Sows, who also
showed The Queen Alexandra Rose. Betty
Uprichard, Lady Roundway and Sovereign.

ROSES AND

Sweet Peas of considerable merit were
staged by Messrs. SUTTON. AND SoNs and
Messrs. DoBBIE AND. Co. From the first-
named we selected Lucifer, deep salmon-
cerise; Comrade, pale cream-pink ; Hebe,
frilled rose-pink ; Charming. The Presideni
Harding. cerise overlaid with peach-pink :
Pimpernel, vivid scarlet; Royal Rose, large
rose-red ; Helen Lewis, frilled orange-pink :

King Manoel, deep maroon; Gloriosa, fiery
orange-scarlet : Lavender George Herbert. and
Mrs. Arnold Hitchcock, salmon-pink on cream
ground.
Thoe chief
collection

sorts in Messrs. DonBBiE' large
were Crimson King, of intense
colouring : Daffodil. cream; Miss California.
eream-pink ; Gloriosa, Jean Ireland. cream
edged with rose-pink ; Mrs. Cuthbertson, rose
and white; Orchid, lavender ; Renown, rosy-
carmine ; Sunset, rose and cherry-red ;
Warrior, maroon; Grenadicr. scarlet ; Ruby,
and Youth, white edged with rose.

Greenhouse Carnations were shown by Messrs.

STUART Low anp Co, Mr. C. ENGELMANN.
and Messrs. ALLWwoop Bnos. Prinee of

Wales, rich rosy heliotrope. White Pearl and
Princess of Wales Malmaison Carnations were
shown by Messrs. STUART Low AND Co.
who also staged floriferous plants of Metro-
sideros floribunda and Hydrangeas. Mr.
ENGELMANN had large vases of Carnations Laddie,
Red Laddie, Tarzan, Wivelsfield Pink and
other good sorts. In addition to a selection

of greenhouse Carnations, Messrs. ALLWwOOD
Bros. showed many varieties of Dianthus

Allwoodii.

Fruit and Vegetable Committee.

Present : —Messrs.. C. G. A. Nix (Chairman).
J. Cheal, Geo. F. Tinley, 11. Markham, F.
Jordan. E. Neal J. C. Allgrove, E. A.
Bunvard. A. Metealfe, E. Beckett, A N.
Rawes and E. Laxton.

On this occasion Messrs. BUNYARD AND Co.
offered medals for Strawberries, but only one
exhibit was forthcoming. It was shown by

J. ላ. Nix, [:=ባ.. Tilgate, Crawley (gr. Mr.
E. Neal) who had ten excellent. boxes of

fruits, six of the variety Royal Sovereign.
and two each of The Duke and King George
respectively. X. Silver. Bunyard. Medal was
awarded the collection.

Messrs. LaxtTon Baos.
of Strawberries for which a
Medal was recommended. Thy

showed twelve dishes
Silver Hogs
Varieties were

June 27, 1925.

Sir Douglas Haig, Bedfordshire Champion,
Robust, a large, conically-wedged shaped
fruit of a rich crimson colour; Titbit, one
of the finest of the new Strawberries for
flavour and said to do exceptional! well in
the north; Bountiful; Majestic, a new main
crop variety said to have a good constitution
and of prolific cropping qualities: The Duke.
one of the best of the new early Strawberries
and King George, a good main crop variety,
ripening a little earlier than Royal Sovereign.

Obituary.

Henry Stevens.—It is with deep regret. we
record. the somewhat sudden death of the
veteran auctioneer of King Street, Covent
Garden, Mr. Henry Stevens, who «died on
Thursday, June 11, from pneumonia, at
Addlestone, Surrey, aged eighty-three. Mr.
Stevens was head of the firm of Messrs.
J. C. Stevens, of 39, King Street, Covent
Garden, where for the past fifty years he
had conducted sales of almost every con-
ceivable object, including Orchids, bulbs and
other horticultural subjects. ላዲ detailed
account of Mr. Stevens’ career was given in
The Gardeners | Chronicle of February 23,
1924.

NEW HORTICULTURAL INVENTIONS.

LATEST PATENT APPLICATIONS.

14986.—Adelantado, L.—Manufacture of phos-
phate fertiliser. June 89.

14297.— Holmes W. F.—Appliances for trim-
ming edges of lawns, ete. June 2.
13739.— Howaldt, F.— Garden shears. May 26.
14086.—Mackensen, F.—Strips of sheet metal
for weeding. May 29.
13269.— Bull, G. F.—Lawn

May 21.
13472.—Starling, O. A. -Implement for hoeing
and thinning Sugar Beet. ete. May 23.
SPECIFICATIONS PUBLISHED THIS MONTH.
234,717.— Penney, F., and Robertson. J. E.
Garden shears for grass cutting.
234,225. - West, C. E. Plant support.
234,269. — Talbot, F. C. Device for gathering
fruit from trees. l |
233,075.— Lang, A. ላ. D. Means for
porting cut flowers and the like.

Inowérs. ete,

sup-

ABSTRACT PUBLISHED THIS MONTH.
Safely Razor Pruner. Patent No, 231999.
A novel pruning tool utilising a safety
razor blade for cutting has been devised by
Mr. Vansittart, of Redholine, Lyminge, Kent.
The tool consists of a rod slidablv mounted

on a handle and a clamp holder having
pins fer holding a flat razor blade, the
holder being attached to one end of the
rod so that the blade projects beyond the
handle with its edge substantially at right
angles thereto; the end of the — handle
adjacent the blade has a lateral projection

which co-operates with the blade to cut an

article when the blade is moved towards
the handle. The rod may be mounted in a
tubular handle and have a knob projecting
through a slot therein for operating the
blade. Jn a modification the blade has an
inclined edge and a projection. on the rod
is engaged by a slotted actuating lever
pivoted to the handle.

This list is specially compiled for 74e

Gardeners’ Chronicle, by Messrs, Rayner and Co.,
Regd. Patent Agents, of 5. Chancery Lane,
London, from whom all information relating
to Patents. Trade Marks, and Designs, can
be obtained gratuitously.

Messrs. Rayner and Co. will obtain printed

copies of the published specifications and
forward on post free for the priee of
18. 6d. each.

THE GARDENERS'

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

ARSENATE OF Leap: W. J. Arsenate of lead
is a deadly poison. and should not ከር
used on trees overhanging soft fruits or

vegetables anywhere near the time when
the latter are to be used. [1 is generally
considered that it should not be applied
within a month of the consumption of
any crops. There is at least one non-
poisonous caterpilar wash on the market
which may be used instead. Any soft

fruits known to have received some of the
arsenate of lead should be washed before
use.

CUCUMBER DisEASED: A.B.C. The Cucumber
root is suffering from what is commonly
known as “Collar Rot,” caused by
Bacillus carotovorus, and a species of
Fusarium. ‘The first of these two organisms

rarely attacks Cucumber plants unless the
beds are too wet. The pouring of water
over the neck of such plants as Melons and

Cucumbers should always be avoided,
because this procedure leads to infection
by soft rot producing organisins such 85
Bacillus carotovorus. The fungus Fusarium

sp. would seem to have entered the plant
through the rotted areas caused by the
first organism. As a method of control
water the roots and diseased portions of
the stem with a solution of * Cheshunt
compound " at the rate of two pints per
plant, followed by dusting the diseased
areas with a powder of the following com-
position: — Ten parts dried slaked lime,
two parts flowers of sulphur and two parts
finely ground copper sulphate. The water-

ing should be carefully attended to and
the beds should not be allowed to become
too wet. There is no meuns of saving
plants which are badly infected.

CLEANING ላ Turf Bank: Bunkered. Mt is
quite casy to make the turf bank

respectable and suitable for a flower bank,

unless it contains much buried Couch
Grass, or the common field Bindweed.
Operations should be commenced now
while the weather is dry and warm. With

a spade dig over the bank about six

inches deep, and when a part of it is
done, get a fork and commence beating
the sods to separate the soil from the
weeds. Shake out the latter with the
fork to the full depth of the sods and
spread out the weeds to dry in the sun
for a few days, after which they will
burn quickly when gathered together and

set alight. Avoid the usual practice of
laying them in heaps at first and trying
to burn the green stuff. If the whole
bank is completed during June and July
it will be easier to get rid of tho weeds
than in winter. Any few pieces that have
been missed will grow up again between
now and autumn, so that you can see
where to fork them out. To prevent
creeping weeds, such as Couch Grass, from
growing through the fence from your
neighbour's side, it would be worth while to sink
ዜ line of slates or boards on their edges to
their full depth in tho soil, close up to the
fence. No doubt the soil is full of seeds.
and they will keep germinating for a few
years every time the soil is stirred; but
if you persevere for a time in palling
them up before they run to sced, it will
be an easy matter to keep the bank clean
afterwards,
INSECTS Broap Beans: A. M
The holes in the Broad Bean seeds have
been made by the Bean Weevil, Bruchus
granarius. The eggs are laid on the
flowers by a small, black beetle or on the
setting of the pods carly in the summer.
When the eggs hatch the maggots eat
their way into. the Bean and. subsequently,
become ehrysalkls. generally remaining an
the seed until the following spring. As the
seeds are so large, it is an easy matter

ATTACKING

CHRONICLE.

459

to discard any that have holes, and to
plant only sound ones.

NAMES OF PLANTS: 4. G. Send in flower:
A. P. G. ], Muscari comosum var-
monstrosum ; 2, Fabiana imbricata; 3,
Gaultheria procumbens; 4, Polygonum

affine; 5, Phlomis fruticosa ; 6, probably
a form of Potentilla fruticosa ; 7. probably
Rhododendron ferruzineum ; 8. Menyanthes

trifoliata; 9, Lepidium Smithii. W. R. B.
Saxifraga granulata fl. pl. G. P. |
Weigelia rosea; 2, missing; 3, Olearia

dentata ?; 4, Abelia ruprestris; 6, shrivelled,
probably a Rock Rose. 4. J. H. l,
Philadelphus Serbe de Neige; 2, P. Voie
lactae; 3, Viburnum species; 4, Achillea
Ptarmica.

MusHroom House: W. E. Y. The internal
fittings of your Mushroom house may be
of slate or wocd; an earthen floor is the
best. You should allow & space of about
three feet above and between the beds,
and the roof should be match-boarded
under the rafters. Fix joists three inehes
or four inches square into the walls back
and front at regular distances apart,
fixing these to a joist of the samo size
running either side of the path. The
boards or slabs used for the sides and
bottoms should be constiucted so as to
be easily removed for cleansing purposes
when not in use, at which times the shed
should be lime-washed and thrown open
until again required. Beds are best made
on the floor of the house, especially from
June to September; a depth of eight
inches or nine inches of formenting material
is sufficient for these months. The top
beds may be made twelve to fifteen inches
deep during the winter, sloping them slightly
from the back. Spawning should be done
when the heat of the bed has declined to
75°, and at a depth of two inches or
three inches. Good loamy soil containing
plenty of fibre is the best material for
covering the beds and shcu'd be placed to
a depth of two inches. A slight current
of air may be allowed to pass, through
the house, unless the outside temperature
falls below 50°. Maintain an even tempera-
ture of about 58°, and supply the
necessary moisture by lightly syringing the
walls and paths of the house.

To KEEP Down NETTLES AND WEEDS: Sydney
Pitt. Nettles may be greatly weakened by
cutting them close to the ground about
the middle of June. It has been proved
that they can be killed in a single season
by repeatedly cutting away all the foliage,
after the first cutting about mid-summer.
This would be easy with a grass hook, if
the ground is fairly level. Trees or shrubs
would have to be very dense to keep
down Nettles, because they are now three
to five feet high amongst bushes on river
banks. The rough land mentioned may be
beautified and the Nettles hidden and
weakened by planting and by cutting the
Nettles close down once a year at the
time stated. Beautiful early flowering
Willows are Salix daphnoides and S. graci-
listyla (often listed as S. mutabilis). Strong-
growing flowering shrubs that thrive in
damp soils are Viburnum Opulus sterile
(Snowball Tree), Spiræa salicifolia, S. 8. pani-
culata alba, 5. Douglasii, S. discolor, Cornus
alba (red shoots in winter), and hardy
hybrid Rhododendrons. All the above will
grow in ground that remains wet most of
th? season; but if Nottles thrive, many
other showy subjects will be equally sue-
cessful. If the soil is not full of stagnant
moisture it would be safe to plant Pyrus
floribunda, P. purpurea, P. John Downie,
Ribes sanguineum, Berberis vulgaris, Buddleia
variabilis, Philadelphus coronarius, P. grandi-
florus, Deutzia seabra candidissima, Forsythia
suspensa and Weigela Eva Rathke.

Communications Received.—J.S.—G.T. F.—E. E. 5.
—H. D.—4. B—C. L. C.—h. L. N.--T. 1). & 8.—
E. M.—A. B., M. €. R.—J. N. M.—K. D.—W. M. & S.

—B. R.

460

MARKETS.

COVENT GARDEN, Tuesday, June 28rd, 1925.

We cannot accept any responsibility for the subjoined
reports. They are furnished to us regularly every
Tuesday by the kindness of several of the principal
salesmen, who are responsible for the quotations.
It must be remembered that these quotations do
not represent the prices on any particular day,
but only the general average for the week preceding
the date of our report. The prices depend upon
the quality of the samples, the way in which they
are packed, the supply in the market, and the
demand, and they may fluctuate, not only from
day to day, but occasionally several times in the
day.—Eps.

Plants in Pots, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.
(All 48's except where otherwise stated).

A anm s.d.s.d. | Hydrangea . d. aud
cuneatum Blues app

er doz. ... 10 0-18 0 ;
e eee 10 0-12 0 doz. ecc 258 30 0-48 0

—elegans ...
Aral Marguerites, white,
yere t ead ri per doz. ... 15 0-18 0

doz... ... 90 0-42 0 Mignonette, 48's
Asparagus plu- A per doz. ... 15 0-18 0
mosus ... ጋር Nephrolepis, in
—Sprengeri .., 12 0-18 0 varlety ... ... 12 0-18 0
spe

Aspidistra, green 36 0-60 0

28 — .. 24 0-36 0
Asplenium, per Palms, Kentla ... 30 0-48 0
OL .. ..120-180 | ' 60፡8 .. ,., 15 0-18 0
—8?s .. ..?740-300 | Pteris, in varlety 10 0-15 0
—nidus ... — ... 12 0-15 0 | large 60's `.. 50-60
Cacti, per tray, —smal .... .. 40-50
—12's, 15 8 eee 5 0- 7 0 —72’s, per tray
Crassulas, 48's per of 15’8 ... .. 26-30
doz. vag ... ^4 0-30 በ Rhodanthe, 48's
Crotons, per doz. 30 0-45 0 per doz. .. 8 0-10 0
Cyrtomium ... 10 0-25 0 Roses, Polyantha,
Hydrangea 48'a per doz. ... 18 0-24 0
White, 48's per Verbenas, '8,
doz. ... ... 18 0-30 0 per doz. ... 12 0-15 በ
—Pink, 48's per Viscarias, "8,
doz. TN ... 18 0-24 0 per doz. ... 15 0-18 0

Cut Flowers, etc.: Average Wholesale Prices.

6. d. 8. d.
9 0-10 0

8. d. s. d.
Lapagerias, per
oz. blooms ... 36-40

Lilium longiflorum

Adiantum deco-
rum, doz. bun.
—cuneatum, per

THE

GARDENERS’

Stocks and Pinks are more in demand, but these, like
other subjects, are much firmer in price owing to a
limited supply. Small consignments of Achillea The Pearl
are being received, this flower being the newest subject in
this department. Sweet Peas are also insufficient for
resent requirements. Amongst indoor blooms there is
Ittle change to note from last week. Lilium longiflorum
is going out freely owing to the good quality and moderate
price. L. lancifolium album may be on sale again in a
few days, also L. 1. rubrum. There is a limited supply of
Lily-of-the-Valley. The quantities of Carnations are
sufficient for present requirements. Roses do not show
any improvement on last week; the majority of the blooms
are very medium in quality. Outdoor varieties include
General McArthur, Mrs. Sharman Crawford, Mrs. J.
Laing and Frau Karl Druschki: these are the principal
sorts so far on sale. Spanish Irises are practically over
for the season: small consignments of English Irises are
taking their place. Amongst Gladioli The Bride (White)
is the most plentiful. The large-flowered varieties now
consist of G. primulinus in two or three sorts, Salmonea,
and Maiden’s Blush. The Giant varieties are Hermione,
Halley, Prince of Wales, Brimstone, also some excellent
spikes of scarlet and yellow; also Giant White. If hot
weather continues, all supplies will be considerably
Teduced before the end of this week and a further advance
in prices is expected.

Fruit: Average Wholesale Prices.

CHRONICLE.

Apes 8. d. 8. d. 8. d. s. d.

—London Pippin 17 0-18 0 Lemont; M ZO PM
— > SPON eee y

S than B ..170-200 | —Murcia .. ... 16 0-25 A

—Sturmer... |. 19 0-81 0 | —Naples ... . 22 6-80

Tasmanian—

—Jonathan pe 16 0-19 0 Melons (Forced) 3 0- 6 0

—Cleo . œ 18 0-

“Sturmer” 719 0-200 | Neptarines, per 240

—Others ... ... 14 0-17 0 MT

Bananas .. ... 16 0-27 6 Oranges; Jaffa ... 16 0-18 0

Cherries, French, "ዩ ... 32 0-40 0

per box... .. 16-26 | 3860's ... * 80 0-40 0
— English ... ..180-210 | 594. .... -* 30 0-35 0
—Dutch ... ... 14 0-18 0 Peaches, English
Figs (Forced) doz. 3 0-12 0 per dos. .. 7 6-94 0
Gooseberries, n Pines .. .., 40-66

perj sieve ... 950-70 | —gouth African 70-80
Grapes—

— 9 Plums, Spanish,
Seen eh. ee per crate .. 8 0-12 0
—Hambro, per lb. 20-40 | Spanish Apricots—
—Muscat ... .. 40-80 | —perj sieve ... 90-150
—Canon Hall ... 5 0-10 0 | —per crate .. 6 0-10 0
Grape Frult, Strawberries—

Cuban .. ... 40 0-42 6 | —Southampton,
—Jamaica... ... 40 0-12 6 2]. .. ..10-20
— Florida, finest... 45 0-50 0 3lb. ... 30-76

Vegetables: Average Wholesale Prices.
8. d. s. d. ou 7 ————
Asparagus— nions, Egyptian,
—Eversham....._ 4 0-15 0 per bag... ... 10 6-15 0
—Devon .. ... 80-100 | —Rpglish, percwt.12 6-14 0
Beans, Guernsey, —Spring per doz. 2 6- 3 0

per Ib. .56 eee 1 0- 1 6 Parsnips, per cwt. 3 0- 4 0
Beets, per cwt... 5 0-80 Duet n n eel 9
Broad Beans, per m ae =

bushel .. .. 26-40 bore 10 0-12 0
Cabbage, pertally 8 0-12 6 | potatos, per ton—

Canary Island —Old, per ewt. ...50- 76

Tematos . 18 0-22 6 ፦ ከደ per —
Cauliflowers, pe ei. ates f

d ə n —St. Malo, per

P ird equ eoj cwt. acme 10°20 6
, —N uernsey,

doz. bun. .. 80-100 6፻ 68. 2 10 0-12 0

Cucumbers, per doz. 5 0- 6 0
—Flata, 36's, 42's 10 0-18 0

ersey, per cwt. 10 0-12 0
Radishes—

once pli: 60-80 long, per doz.... 3 0- 4 0
mosus, per bun. —speciosum
long trails, 6's 2 0- 3 0 rubrum, long,
short * eae 0 9- 1 8 —short » »» 3 0- D 0
—Sprengeri, per bun. Lily-of-the-Valley,
long sprays ... 1 8 A 2 per doz. bun. ... 54 0 30 0
me . »9 ecc
short n :: 04-10| "dor bua" De ao 9 0
Carnations, per — perdoz.bun... 30-40
loz, biboms. «20739 ! orchids, per doz.
rysanthemum J
maximum, doz. ፍት ደታ .. 24 0-86 0
un. .. .)›. 80-60 ypripediums... 5 0- 7 0
Coreopsis, per doz, Paeonies, White
bun. .. 90-40 per doz.bun. 6's 9 0-12 0
Cornflower, ‘per —Pink, per doz.
doz. bun. . 16-20 bun. 6's 9 0-12 0
Croton leaves, —Red, per
var. doz. leaves 0 9- 2 6 bun. 12's 9 0-12 0
Delphiniums, var- Pinks, Her Maj-
fous, per doz. esty per doz
Pom በርክ per 20-50 bun. is .. 40-60
doz. bun. ... 09-10] -—Mrs | Sinkins, .
Gaillardia, per per doz.bun. 30-360
doz. bun. .. 40-50 Richardias (Arums
Galax, American, per doz. .. 50-60
per doz.bun.... ፦ 10 blooms, Rich-
Gardenias, per mond ` 20-30
box, 12's 18's.. 40-60 | Liberty.. |. 20-30
Gladiolus, Blush- —Madame Butter-
ing Bride, per f 20-40
doz. bun. - .., 10 0-15 0 —Mme . "Abel
gius per doz. dicit Chatenay .. 16-26
— Peach Blossom, Moly 8ኬ Shane nee
d — 9 0-12 0 Crawford 26-40
በ m , — 2 4
doz. spikes ... 1 6-20 ስ " 9 ue i s
Halley, per doz. Seahios i
spikes ... ... 30-50 | Stabiosa caucas-
— Prince of Wales. n per doz. .
per በ02. spikes 4 0- 5 0 Hun. .. 05075
—Scarlct, per doz. Smilax, per doz.
splkes ... qus 40-50 trails... .. 90-36
—Cream, per doz. ! 0-12
OR es ፦ 30-40 Statice, mauve ... U 0-15 0
—Giant “White. Stephanotis, per
per doz. spikes 4 0- 2 0 72 pips... .. 26-30
Gypsophila, white, Stock, English
doz. bun. . 60-90 white ... .. 90-18 0
Iceland Poppies... 1 6- 26 | Sultan White, per
m pur per doz. bun. - ... 60-80
doz. bun.—
PE: 9 0-12 Sweet Peas, per
—Mauve M ህ Er 0 doz. bun. .. 5 0-120
—W hite 9 0-12 0 Violas, perdoz.bun. 1 0- 1 6

REMARKR-.—since Friday last the quantities of all out-
door blooms have been greatly reduced on account of the

dry weather.

Pyrethrum are practically finished.

White

—Round see ecc 1 0- 20
Rhubarb, per doz. 7 0-90
Spinach, per bushel 3 0- 4 0

Dutch Onions ... 11 0-12 0
Endlve, per doz. 26-30
Greens, best, per

bag eis Vis

40-50 | Tomatos, English,

Horseradish, per per Ib.—

bundle... ... 20-26 | —PInk .. 4, (0-76
Lettuce, Cos, doz. 1 6- 3 5 | —Pink & White... 7 0- 5 6
—Cabbage Let- —White 6 0-66

tuce, .. ... 2030| Bue .. 60-66
Mushrooms, cups 20-26 | . Guernsey 4, 70-716
Marrows, doz. ... 40-50! doz. ከ88. .. 80-110

REMARKS.—Strawberries, as usual, have to some extent
atfeeted the demand in several sections. The period of
fine Weather has been very helpful in encouraging an
increased consuinption of fruit and conditions all round
have been satisfactory, Australasian Apples are quoted
lower and heavy stocks are on hand. Choice fruits, such
as Melons, Figs Peaches, Nectarines, and Grapes have
met ቤ fair reception by buyers, and prices keep at a good
level. English Gooseberries are plentiful, but Gooseberries
from Holland are cheap and are an Important competitor.
Apricots and Plums from Spain arc a good market.
English Cherries are beginning to arrive and are selling
well. French Cherries are in variable condition. Cherries
trom Holland are selling freely. The dry weather has
been responsible for short supplies of Peas and in con-
sequence Asparagus and French Beans have sold well at
firm prices. Tomatos are numerous and their prices lower,

JuNE 27, 1825.

but at the time of writing there seems to ከር soms
improvement. Cucumbers continue to be a tradr.
New Potatos are a better business after a ck period.
Green vegetables are deurer; salads are moving frecly.

GLASGOW.

A LITTLE improvement was reflected in the con.
ditions prevailing in the cut-flower market last week.
Supplies continued heavy and checked any materia!
recovery in prices until Friday, when the general
tone was firmer. Values were lowest in mid-week.
and the arrival of English-grown Irises. Sweet Peas.
and Pyrethrums in a heated state gave buyers an
opportuni y of controlling rates. There was quite a
glut of Gypsophila, salesmen receiving an average of
100 boxes per day which realised from 2d. to 4d.
for small bunches and 1;- to 1;3 for large. Carna-
tions were cheaper at 2- to 3/6 all colours, while
Richmond Roses were worth from 8d. to 2-, Mrs.

Stevens and Madame Abel Chatenay from 1)-

to 2/6, and Madame Butterfly 3/6 to 4/-. Paeonies
made 101. to 2d. per bloom, and Lilium grandi-
florum = (Harrissii) 2/- to 3)-. Good Irs blooms

(Innocence, King of the Blues, and King of the
Yellows) fluctuated between 1/6 and 1'9, and smaller
blooms between 90. and 1.. Bailies Sweet Peas
sold at 1:3 for 18's Bennie's 9d. and 10d. for
12’s; other local growers’ blooms 6d. to 1/-, English
2d. Single red Pyrethrums averaged 2/6, and white
4/.. Marguerites were worth 2/6 to 3)-, Asparagus
from 1- to 13, Trails 19 to 2-, Smilax 2..,
double-white Narcissi 2/-. Lily-of-the-Valley 2'9, and
Iceland Poppies 4d. per bunch of 3's. Gladioli
The Bride were plentiful, and were as low as 3d.
per bunch, but the average worked out at 6d. to

. Maiden’s Blush ,and Prince of Wales were
yore. p to {1/9, No. 1 red 1/3 to 1/6, and salmon
2/- 2/‹ .

Bedding-out plants were scarce, as the
now over, but pot plants were plentiful,
the varieties were not so numerous.
1,6 per pot, Hydrangeas 1/- to 2/6, Marguerites
(five-inch pots) 8d. to 10d. each, small 2- per
dozen, Fuchsias 2- to 2/6 each, Begonias 6- per
dozen, small Ferns 26, and Geraniums 3, to 12/-.

In the vegetable market the consumption of salads

declined with the prevalence of cooler weather, and
rices were lower all round. Scotch Lettuce ranged
rom 26 to 3,0, English 3/- to 3/6, and Dutch 19
to 2/6, Radishes from 2Z- to 3/-, and Cucumbers
from ő- to 76 per dozen. Prices for Tomatos
were exeeptionally firm. The first consignment oí
Tomatos from Kirkentilloch made 1/0 per lb. በህ
Tuesday, and Scotch produce averaged 1/2 to 1*6.
English 126 to 13/6 (12-Ib.), Guernsey 11/6 to 13..
and Dutch 11,6. Cuauliflowers were worth 4/- to 5,6
per dozen, Asparagus 4/6 to 6/- per bundle, Peas
10/- per pot, French Beans 6d. per 1b., Mint 2-
to 4/ Teneriffe Potatos 11/- per case, and Jersey
Potatos 16'. per cwt.: Carrots and Turnips averaged
10d. to 1- per bunch.

Interest in the fruit department was accentuated by
the arrival of new season’s produce. Pines sold from 3 -
10 5,- each, house Melons 3,6 to 6.6, Gage Plums 13/- per
boat, and Apricots 12- per crate. Consignments oí
Southampton and Wisbech Strawberries are increasing
daily and it is expected that supplies wil reach a
maximum next week. The former realised from 2'6 to
3- per chip and the latter from 3,- to 33. English
Cherries were worth 24/- and French 16.-, Black Ham-
burgh Grapes 3- to 46 per 1ከ., home-grown Peaches
18/- to 24/- per doz., Scotch and English Gooseberries 4d.
and 4$d. per 1b., Dutch 2d. Murcia Oranges, all counts,
realised from 36/- to 45;-, Burreana 300's and 240'5, 28 በ
to 34;-, 200'8, 300's and 504’s, 26/- to 36-. Gra Fruit,
80'8 36/-, and በ4'8 34-. Australian fruit is becoming
scarce and the only Pears on sale were Winter Nelis, for
which 14,- to 16- per tray was paid. Although the
quality of Apples has depreciated, Cleopatra made from
22,- to 24.-, Jonathan 22,- to 23/-, and Sturmer Pippin
20/- to 22 -.

Season is
although
Bpiraeus made

THE LATEST TRADE MARKS.

BURREDWASH.

457,797.—Chemical washes used for agri-
cultural and horticultural purposes. Bur-
rows and Edwards, 41, Bedford Street,
Wisbech. May 27, 1925.

FERRY BRAND.
458,221.—Device bearing the words “ Ferry `
Brand íor Chemical Substances used for
agricultural and horticultural purposes.
The Briton Ferry Chemical and Manure
Co.. Ltd.. 9, Queen Street Place, London,

E.C.4. Muy 27, 1025.
The above Marks have been ‘accepted "
by H.M. Patent Office and unless any

objeetion 1s lodged the Marks will be duly
Registered. They are, however, officially
advertised for opposition and all particulars
and forms for opposition will be sent free
by Messrs. Rayner and Co., of 5, Chancery
Lane, London.

JUNE 27, 1925.

SITUATIONS VACANT

Twenty words (or three lines including headline),

4s., and 18. for every succeeding eight words (or

line or portion thereof). Fee for having replies
addressed to this office, 18.

Advertisere desiring their Advertisements
repeated must give full particulars,
otherwise no notice can be taken of their
communications. Name and address alone
are insufficient.

Gardeneras writing to Advertisers of Vacant
Situations are recommended to send them

copies of testimonials only, retaining the
originals. To part with original documents
means to run a great risk of their being
mislaid.

When addressing Box numbers, it is essential
to give the initials or pseudonym, as well as
the correct number of the box.

re — — — — — — —

MUNICIPAL AND PUBLIC.

CITY AND COUNTY OF NEWCASTLE-UPON

TYNE.
HEAD GARDENER, ARMSTRONG

\ HEAD GARDENER is required for
P Armstrong Park, Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Full par-
ticulars of duties to be carried out and wages to be paid,
can be obtained on application to the City Engineer's
Office, Town Hall, Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Applicants
should be between 30 and 45 years of age, and be
properly trained Gardeners, with experlence in the
control of large Parks or Gardens, and in the manage-
ment of men. Applications should state age, training,
und experience of applicant, and be accompanied by
three testimonials (copies only). Applications endorsed
“ Head Gardener, Armstrong Park," and addressed to
the City Engineer, Town Hall Newcastle-upon-Tyne,
should be delivered not later than 10 a.m. on Thursday,
the 9th July, 1925.

PARK.

By Order,
A. M. OLIVER,
Town Clerk.
City Engineer's Office,
Town Hall,
June, 1925,

Newcastle-upon- Tyne.

ANTED for a public park in the
North of England a leading JOURNEYMAN-
GARDENER for propagating soft-wooded stuff. Wages
to commence at. a basic rate of £1 1135, 4d. per week, plus
à fluctuating bonus (at present £1 8s. 3d.) and all
overtime will be paid for pro rata, The person appointed
will be required to contribute towards the Super-
annuation Fund, and must be prepared to take up hia
duties on 23rd July, 1925.—A. P. C., Box 41, 5, Tavistock
Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

PRIVATE.

AN any Gentleman personally recommend

/^ a trustworthy, Seotch,h HEAD WORKING GAR-
DENER, must understand Orchids and ‘forcing flowers
and vegetables in the winter: personal character essential ;
five in garden; good house provided. State wages and
all particulars —OWNER, co Taylor and Humber,
4, Field Court, Gray's Inn. W.C. 1.

INGLE MAN, enpable of taking complete
charge : grounds 3 acres : mowing done by chauffeur:
vinery and plant houses: help given: good lodgings ;
state wages. — Rev. D. F. WRIGHT, F.R.H.s.
Plumtree Rectory, Notts.

THE GARDENERS’

ANTED, SECOND GARDENER, single,

Inside and Out, only those who have been in

large gardens need apply; the last six men have all been

laced iu good head gardeners’ places.—WILLIAMS, Head
ardener, Stretton Hall, Staffs.

ANTED, SECOND GARDENER, age

25-26; Inside and Out; wages 35/-, bothy, etc.—

E BROOMFIELD, Ellisfield Manor Gardens, Basingstoke,
ants.

ECOND GARDENER wanted for Inside
LY work, care of Vines, Peaches, Carnations, and
Chrysan hemums; wages 32'- and 5;- duty, with bothy.—
Apply, with references, MISS RUSSELL, Normanswood,
Farnham, Surrey.

(1 edo p cris SECOND, required for
ሻሸ Pleasure Ground and assist generally in gardens,
and attend to central heating; good cottage an
light provided.—Apply by letter, stating $
required, with copies of references, DUFFY,
lands, Broomfleld, Essex.

wages
Brook-

ANTED, thoroughly experienced SECOND
GARDENER : no children; wife must be able to

cook and help in house when necessary ; cottage found.—
Apply, by letter to MRS. ALLEN, 17, Leicester Street,

ANTED, smart, active man as SECOND
GARDENER, single, to take charge of glass,

chiefly fruit; wages 42 - per week with bothy, etc., duty
every third week for which 5/- extra is paid. Also a
young man (single) as LEADING HAND on Pleasure
Ground: able to take duty; wages 40'- per week with
bothy, ete.—Apply, with copies of testimonials only, to
W. SAYER, Wistlers Wood Gardens, Woldingham, Surrey.

ነነ .: two FOREMEN for extensive

private gardens near Dublin; must have good
all-round experience and be well-recommended : full
articulars and terms
TD., Dawson Street, Dublin.

AN Head Gardener recommend keen,

energetic FOREMAN, married, for Kitchen Garden,

one who can take duty in glass department. 40/- weekly,

53- duty, good modern cottage and vegetables.—F.

FRANCE, Danehurst Gardens, Dane Hill, East Grin-
stead, Sussex.

Were: first-class FOREMAN ; 8180

leading JOURNEYMAN, with Inside experi-
ence; progressive positions for first-class men; ages
25 to 30.—Apply, with references, ALEXANDER &
BROWN, Seedsmen, Perth.

ANTED, FOREMAN, Inside, experienced
with Carnations, frult, and plants; energetic, no
duty.—State wages, with bothy, etc., and copies of

references to H. CHANDLER, Moulton Paddocks Gardens,
Newmarket.
ANTED, FOREMAN, Inside, Fruit,

Plants, Carnations; also JOURNEYMAN, 1ክ-
side.—Apply, stating age, references; bothy.—GAR-
DENER, Stanford Hall Gardens, Loughborough.

WV one FOREMAN, for Pleasure

Grounds, thoroughly experienced in Roses and
herbaceous borders.—A ply, stating wages required with
bothy, ete., to G. PERRYMAN, Didlington Hall Gardens,
Brandon, Suffolk.

ANTED, experienced FOREMAN, In-

side, married, duty paid, apply with particulars,

age, references —W. FORDHAM, Wigmore Gardens,
Beare Green, Dorking, Surrey.

ANTED. first-class PLANTSMAN and

DECORATOR. Wages 40/- per weck, duty
aid; good bothy.— YOUNG, Horsley Towers, Leather
ead, Surrey.

ANTED. experienced, energetic MAN

for Rock Gardens and Pleasure Grounds; no

bothy, lodgings near; 50'- weekly, duty every third week

5-.—References to CLINTON, Bearnett Gardens, Penn,
Wolverhampton.

— — — ——

ANTED, a voung GARDENER, un-
married, to work on Farm abroad, climate
healthy ; passage, food and lodgings Ed commencing
salary £10 per month.—Applications giving full details,
experlence and references to C. F., Box 50, 5, Tavistock
Strect Covent Garden, W,C. 2,

CHRONICLE.

to W. DRUMMOND & SONS,

ix.

ANTED for September - October.—

Thoroughly-experienced HAND for 1,000 Apple

trees ; also manage kitchen garden; good house and

garden.—Apply, ee age, experience, and salary

required, to F. STOKES, Herridge Farm, Chard,
m.

VV ~N TED, a keen, energetic, young

MAN for pleasure grounds, motor mowers, wages
£2 10s. weekly, state age, experience, with references, to
CHAMBERLAIN, Woodhaven Gardens, St. George’s
Hill, Weybridge.

ANTED, experienced MAN for playing

flelds, large girls’ school; to help in garden in

spare time.—Write stating wages, etc.. give references to
EAD GARDENER, Qucenswood, Hatfield, Herts.

ANTED, young MAN, for pleasure

grounds, duty every third week, age 20 to 24.

—C. EDWARDS, Staplefield Place Gardens, Haywards
Heath, Sussex.

OUNG MAN wanted for Pleasure Grounds,

wages 30-, duty 5,-, with bothy.—Apply with
ደ ከር ከ MISS RUSSELL, Normanswood, Farnham,
Surrey.

ANTED. experienced MAN for Kitchen
Garden, Fruit, and Pleasure Grounds, also assist

inside, duty alternate weeks with pay; wife as Laundress:
good cottage with Laundry attached.—Full particulars to
J. R. BARHAM, The Gardens, Surrenden Park,
Pluckley, near Ashford.

ጓ Ee. KITCHEN GARDENER, single,
wages 35/-, good references essential.

stating age and experlence.—F. HILDERLEY, Grange

Cottages, Arborfleld, Reading.

ANTED, YOUNG MAN (single) for

Kitchen Garden and hardy fruit trees; must
thoroughly understand the work: Sunday duty ;
wages 37/6 with bothy.—Apply the GARDENER,
Thomhaugh Hall, Wansford, Peterborough.

SSISTANT GARDENER wanted for
large pleasure ground: one used to pony
lawn-mower; to live and sleep in.—Apply, stating
experlence and [wages required. to A. J. VINCE,
Rye House Hotel, Hoddesdon, Herts.
ANTED. thoroughly experienced

JOURNEYMAN to take sole charge of íruit and
plant houses; no bothy, wages 50:-—SURREY, Box 40,
5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

ANTED, JOURNEYMAN or UNDER.

GARDENER, experienced Inside and Out, state

wages, without bothy, also full particulars, age, etc.—
P. D., 96, Station Road, Redhill, Surrey.

ANTED. experienced FIRST JOUR.
NEYMAN, Inside, must be well up in fruit
plants, and Carnations, not under 25. Also good

SECOND JOURNEYMAN, Inside chiefly, but willing to
assist out occasionally.—Apply R. GREENFIELD, 61,
Radford Road, Leamington Spa, Warwickshire.

XPERIENCED JOURNEYMAN required

for plant houses and flower garden; age not under

24; wages 37.-, good bothy, attendance, duty 5/-.—

Particulars to F. SOMERFORD, Low Stakesby Gardens,
Whitby, Yorks.

ANTED, JOURNEYMAN to take Lead

in bothy, Outdoor work and experienced motor

lawn mower: five kept.—Apply LADY WILSON-TODD
Halnaby Hall, Croft, Darlington.

OURNEYMAN Wanted, experienced in
e fruit and plant houses: wages 32/-: rooms,
vegetables, and attendance. — E. BRISTOW, Castle
Hill Gardens, Filleigh, near Barnstaple.
Y J 7ANTED, two JOURNEYMEN; one

well up Inside and Out. one pleasure grounds
“Atco” mower; seven

particulars and refer-
GARDENER, Heathfield Park, Heath-

and kitchen garden to work

kept; no bothy.—State wages.
ences, HEAD
fleld, Sussex.

Y ANTED, a good, smart JOURNEY-

MAN for the houses; must be a man of
good charactes and have had good experience.—
Apply, with copies of references from previous
places, stating wages required —ARTHUR BULLOCK,
Copped Hall Gardens, Epping.

X.

— — — — — —À መ

ANTED, frst -class JOURNEYMAN;

. 4n8Blde and Out, chiefly Inside: well experienced

in general run of flowering piante good wages and bothy

to right man.—Apply HEAD GARDENER, Morton Hall,
Congleton, Cheshire.

OURNEYMAN, not under 21 years of
e age, principally for plants ; good wages and bothy,
duty paid.—C. MAY, Shirburn Castle Gardens, Watlington.
Oxon.

ANTED, JOURNEYMAN for Inside

and Out, lawns chiefly, wages 30 - per week,

with bothy, duty paid.—BRANT, syndale Gardens,
Faversham.

OURNEYMAN, SECOND, Fruit and Plant
e Houses: state age, wages with bothy: duty paid.—
—— W. EVANS, Lydhurst Gardens, Haywards
eath.

Cee (Christian), mar-

ried or single, for near Hastings, useful man,
but need not have been in private service if experienced,
Ford tourer, small vegetable garden, cottage if. necessary.
—State family, age, wages, denomination, full details of
length of experience in motors and garden to G. ከ. C.,
Box 220, Samson Clark & Co., Ltd., 57, Mortimer St., W.L

ANTED, MAN and WIFE for

no family; man to take charge of
and he in the garden: wages 33-, coals and
light; also Outside JOURNEYMAN ; 32- per week,
and attendance; duty paid.—G. TAYLOR,
Bulstrode, Gerrard's Cross, Bucks.

lodze ;
Pony

ANTED, strong garden LAD; able to

take duty.—Apply, stating wages with bothy
and allowances, to A. SURRIDGE, The Gardens,
Clifton Hall, Nottingham.

TRONG LAD wanted for garden: slight
knowledge preferrea : wages 30;-. — Apply
GARDENER: Rydal Mount, Holders Hill, Hendon,

ANTED, ESTATE CARPENTER, one
capable of running engine and electric plant;
accommodation available. Write stating wages and
experience.—AGENT, Richings Park, Colnbrook, Bucks

TRADE.

ANTED, live, competent, NURSERY
MANAGER or FOREMAN, well up in Roses,
Herbaccous, etc, a knowledge of mail order nursery
trade useful, apply full particulars, experience, age,
vape required. — KNIGHT'S, Tettenhall Nurseries,
Wolverhampton.

IRST-CLASS ROCK GARDEN CON-
STRUCTOR for permanent position with pro-
gressive firm; a man who has constructed or has reason
to believe himself capable of constricting successful
exhibits in competition will have special consideration .—
Age. full experience and terms to C. B. W., Box 16
5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C. 2.

ROPAGATOR, with & first-class knowledge

of alpines and thoroughly experienced in potting

and plunging; age 23 to 26.—Apply, with full particulars

of experience, age, and wages required, to BAKERS,
], near Wolverhampton.

ROWER wanted, preferably an unmarried

man from 27 to 30, with considerable experience of
stuff under glass and exhibiting same,
apply GROWER,
Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, London,

OUNG MAN wanted for our
department.—Write, state age and
expected, etc, to JENSEN &

landscape
experience,
wages MILNE,
Hendon,

ERBACEOUS and ALPINES. .- Smart
MAN (unmarried), with good knowledge of
propagation, lifting, despatching. ete., wanted by Scotch
firm; wages 60;--—Apply, with refs., ete, S. T.
Box 40, 5, Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, W.C.2

ANTED, all-round MAN to work day

places for firm of landscape gardeners; union
rate; teetotaler, tidy and thorough in work, of a
conscientious | nature. — Apply by letter to THE

NURSERY Middle Bank, Carr, Doncaster,

THE GARDENERS

ANTED. YOUNG MAN. in market
nursery, for Inside and Out, with knowledge of
Asparagus, Ferns, Tomatoes, Chrysanthemums and vege-
tables, must be quick and obligiug, little experlence of
horses preferred and take charge when owner away,
wage 45-; also YOUNG MAN to go with horse and
make up time in nursery, wage 40... References to
J. INGLE, Bourne Road, Thornton-le-Fylde, near
Blackpool.

ANTED. JUNIOR ASSISTANT for

retail Seed and Florists’ Shop.—Apply, stating

age, wages required, and experience, to BRUNNING
& CO. 22, Regent Street, Gt. Yarmouth.

W ... a young ASSISTANT SALES-

WOMAN in the sced and bulb shop of a good

class business: a. knowledge of floral work would be a
great imdvantage.—Tull particulars and wages required, to
HILLIER & SONS, West Hill Nurseries, Winchester.

LORIST.—Young LADY required to take

charge of floral depart.; must be good at all
designs.— Full particulars as to age, experience, and
salary required, to DARNWELL BROS., Florists,
Worthing.

Bee --ASSISTANT wanted. must be a
first-class maker-up of Floral Designs, Bouquets, ete.,

and a good saleswoman.—ALEX. DICKSON & SONS,

LTD., Royal Florists, Belfast.

SITUATIONS WANTED

Twenty words 28., and Gd. for every succeeding
eight words or portion thereof. (Advertisements at
this special rate are only accepted direct from
gardeners and nursery employees.) Fee for having
replies addressed to this office, 18.

SUGGESTIONS FOR ADVERTISERS.

Before writing an advertisement, tt is useful to
look down the column and note the information
contained in advertisements similar in character to
your own. Important points, which might other-
wise escape the memory, may thus be brought to
mind,

Write the advertisement the centre of a
large piece of paper (for example, a whole
sheet of writing paper laid out flat) leaving plenty
of space at top and bottom. If the name and
address are to be included in the advertisement,
place them at the end: if a Bor Number is to
be used, leare a generous space at the end of
the advertisement, draw a line across the paper,
and pluce the full name and address beneath the
line.

in

No letter, or request for insertion, is required ;
but in case of any doubt as to the proper
classification, the name of the section (such as
“Situations Wanted, Trade 7) can be placed at
the head of the advertisement. Such words will
not b^ printed, or charycd for.

As regards the number of words to be paid for,
the first twenty will take up three lines (see
charges above, and at the head of other columns).
After that, each fresh eight words will take
another line. Every word in excess of the last
eight counts. as a whole line; thus nine worda
will cost as much as sixteen.

It is important to send the correct. amount in
payment, as any variation causes delay.

No acknowledgment or receipt is sent in con-
nection with these advertisements, but if an extra
4d. is added to te correct amount, a copy of the
paper containing the advertisement will be sent
post free.

An advertisement received after Tucsday may
not. or if received after. Wednesday cunnot, be in-
serted the same week; but if fully paid, it will
appear the following week. unless. countermanded
in the meantime.

PRIVATE.

STATE BAILIFF or HEAD GARDENER,

13 years above joint position with noble-

man; highest references as to character and ability;

disengaged. — H. STOWE, Grosvenor Road, Hands-
worth, Birmingham.

CHRONICLE.

JUNE 27, 1925.

| eeu -QUALIFIED HEAD GARDENER,

with excellent references for ability and inteyrits.

who has proved himself capable of managing a
good garden, and supplying abundance of fruit,
flowere, and vegetables, is open to an engagement

where he will have the opportunity of doing gardeniuz
really well: ex-service, good manager of men; keenly
interested in gardening; would make it a point of
personal honour to give good service, inaintain th
garden efliciently, and render it beautiful and pre-
duetive.— R. F. W.. Box 45, 5, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, W.C.2.

ARDENER. HEAD, seeks re-engagement.

life experience in noblemen’s gardens; six years
head, accustomed to marketing surplus produce; age

38, I warried.—ROBINSON, Bourton House Gardens,

Shrivenham, Berks.

( J. D. BOTTERELL highly recom.

mends his HEAD GARDENER to any lady or
gentleman requiring the services of a thoroughly
practical, reliable man, experienced in all branches
of gardening: age 42, married: one boy 9 years;
134 vears Head.—A. JACKSON, Browns Gardens.
Effingham, Surrey.

ARDENER, HEAD. two or more, thor-

oughly efficient Inside and Out: alpine.
propagation: conscientious, reliable; house —HEDGE-
COCK, High Street, Fareham.

] I GARDENER or good SINGLE-

HANDED. good refs: life experience all branches
of gardening; age 35, married, no family.—A. PRIOR.
Folly Court) Gardens, Wokingham, Berks.

ARDENER, HEAD, or good SINGLE.
HANDED, with Son to help; life experience in all

branches of gardening, land and stock; excellent
references: ages 49 and 2.—Apply, J. D. Bow
Gardens, Wood Cottage, Norwo Hill Charlwood.
Surrey.

Y ARDENER, HEAD or SINGLE-HANDED.

life experience Inside and Out, age 38, widower,
pee ወ: ert.—MORLING, Wellesbourne Road, Barford,
arwick.

(1. EPENTR, HEAD or good SINGLE.
HANDED, life experience Inside and Out, age
36, married, two in family: abstainer, good references.—
n „SEYMOUR, Iris Court Gardens, Pangbourne,
erks.

YARDENER. HEAD WORKING, MR.

ጃቫ FOSTER, Grimsthorpe Castle Gardens, wishes to
recommend J. WALPOLE as a thoroughly reliable
man, 5 years Inside Foreman here, life experience, age 32.
Grimsthorpe Castle, Bourne, Lines.

ry HE Duke and Duchess of Northumberland s

Head Gardener, at Albury Park, Guildford, wishes
highly to recommend W. WALLIS as HEAD WORKING
GARDENER where six or seven are kept: he is a
thoroughly reliable man with a good practical grip of ከ!-
profession and a good manager of labour; Zj years
Inside Foreman at Albury. married when suited: can
give interview at any time; fullest enquiries solicited.

EAD WORKING GARDENER seeks
situation, life experience in all branches, wife
good cook and willing to help if required.—J.
LINWOOD, Priory Farm, Harrow Weald, Middlesex.

EAD WORKING GARDENER, life ex-

perience in good establishments, accustomed to
high-class produce in all departments, highly recom-
mended, age 36, married.—G. DAWES, 25,
Common, Framfleld, Sussex.

Palehouse

ALLE መረር ፡ ——— —

M 40k C. NICHOLSON highly recom.
i mends his HEAD WORKING GARDENER .:
5 years here; life experience Inside and Out; married,

age 37.—Apply A. CRIPPS, Lois Weedon House,
Towcester, Northants.

^€»ARDENER, HEAD WORKING, expe-

rienced Inside and Out, married, no family, wife
willing to help in house occasionally, or manage
poultry highly recommended; state wages.—CARTER,
9, West Hill, Epsom, Surrey.

(1 1 E confidently recommends 8።
HEAD WORKING, keen, interested man, life
experience all branches, Inside and Out, control staff,
excellent references, 3. years present, age 33, married. no
family, please state — wages.—E. BRYANT, Puwhley,
Reading,

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Ee eee eee O C AED SD ይይይ GARDENERS CHRONICLE. ; E DEMENS V Su a

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. ' X UE J 12 asl MEY ba ?
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HOTHOUSE BUILDERS,

AND HEATING ENGINEERS TO
F HIS MAJESTY THE KING. p

ALSO ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS. AND RON FOUNDERS.

፲ OTHOUSES i-i ara = at presont. c earcying gont: many. s belportant
J -;Hothouss Contracts : =
- wood ix quite up to pre-War standard, nd price are very moderate. —
HESS T ረባ PERÓN NOR M ለዚ. E a - Our stock af selected. scanonerd Redwood is the best in. the country, t =
Mv. X d Sa D A .። for the best claas of Haothouses. s ‘recommend Teakwood: Repress -

"tives will be sent w any part. ‘of the "country do. take ain aü Era

| : .. ክር ወ. prepare. estimates. , Please send us your enquiries. :

LONDON € Camden. Road,N.W. | GLASGOW-121, St. Vincent | St
| -EDIN BURGH (Registered Office aad Works)—Balcarres Street. y

Telegrams : Ey T. "GLASSHOUSE, NORWEST, LONDON," 8 and " HOTHOUSE, EDINBURGH.” "

A & CO. LTD. à LOUGH 1E
Horticultural Builders. and Heating Engineers,
| LON DON ‘OFFICE: d 22, VICTORIA. STREET. VESTHINOTER, ol y. 1.

Lxperience csrending- over more than | 4 ‘perfect and

1! | van 2፡ practically -
Half- a Century. enables” us to include | ie ` imperišháble

all. ‘that is best án the. erection 880 |. shading for 4i Xs.
| equipment of Glasshouses, E I aes z Glasshouses. - E B

Estimates: free. . Interviews. by. appointment in d SEND. FOR FULLY ከ = i

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APPARATUS PLANNED 4 AND ERECTED IN ANY PART OF THE ርዐበባ፪ዩ. n E

AS TART 999 imd. Woke! ያ: — ን ከ Magn |
CHAS. P. KINNELL. & Co. Lt LL Beata um t LONDON. 5.5. 3

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