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TRANSACTIONS 


jk.:iv[:EK.iOA.zsr 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  SOCIETY. 


VOL.  XXXIV 


HALL   OF   THE   ACADEMY   OF   NATURAL 
SCIENCES   OF   PHILADELPHIA, 

LOGAN    SQUARE. 
1908. 


'^oAU.[d% 


PRESS    OF 
C.    STOCKHAUSEN 
PHILADELPHIA 


LIST   OK   PAPERS. 


Aldrich  (J.  M.)  AND  Darlington  (P,  S.). 

The  Dipterous  Family  Helomyzida)  (Plates  III,  IV)     .     67 

Banks  (Nathan). 

Neuropteroid  Insects — Notes  and  Descriptions.    (Plates 

XVII-XIX) 255 

Bradley  (J.  Chester). 

The   Evaniidse,    Ensign-Flies,  an    Archaic   Family   of 

Hymenoptera.     (Plates  V-XV)    .         .         .         .101 

Braun  (Annette  F.). 

Revision  of  the  North  American  species  of  the  genus 

LithocoUetis  Hiibner.     (Plates  XX-XXIV)  .  269 

Cameron  (P.). 

A  contribution  towards  the  knowledge  of  the  Odyneridse 

of  the  Southwest  of  the  United  States    .         .         .  195 

On  some  undescribed  American  Hymenoptera,  chiefl}^ 

from  the  Sou tli west  of  the  United  States         .         .  229 

COCKERELL    (T.    D.    A.). 

The  Dipterous  Family  Nemestrinidse.     (Plate  XVI)     .  247 
Another  Fossil  Nemestrinid  Fly 254 

Cresson  (E.  T.  Jr.). 

Dipterological  Notes,  I.     (Plates  I-II)  ...       1 

Hayward  (Roland). 

Studies  in  Amara  .......     13 


INDEX. 


The  names  of  new  genera  and  of  new  species  are  followed  by  the  name  of  the 

Author. 


PAGE 

Acanthinevania  Bradley.  .163, 172,  191 

alboannulata- .  •    173 

angulata 175 

argenteocauda 173 

australiensis 173 

australis 176 

erythrocnerais 176 

erythrogaster 174 

esimia 173 

genalis 176 

helleri    175 

humeralis 175 

hunierata    175 

impressa 173,  174 

lougigena   176 

lucida 173 

magretti    173 

major 175 

niediana    174 

micholitzi 173 

mulleri 175 

orientalis 173 

princeps    173,  176 

quinquelineata    174 

scabra 175 

shelfordi 172 

similata 175 

similis. 175 

striatifrons 173 

sumatrensis   173 

szepligeti  Bradley 175,  176 

tonientosa 176 

verrucosa    173 

versicolor   1^4 

villosicrus 174 

Achfetormus 69.  70 

pilosus 71 

Allophyla 69,  98 

liBvis 98 

Amara,  Studies  in 13 

Amara 17,  48,  61 

adstricta 18,25 


PAGF 

Amara  afoveolata,  Hay%rnrd 44,  47 

angustata 44.  45,  65 

apricaria 39,  41 

arenaria 36 

avida  37 

basillaris 49,  53 

belfragei 44,  47 

blanchardii  Hayward 18,  22 

bowditehii  Hayward 18,  24 

brunnipennis 19,  31 

brunnipes 49,  56 

canadensis 63 

carinata 19,26 

ccelebs  Hayward 50,  58 

conflata    50,  56 

confusa 50,  57 

•  crassispina 49,  54 

cupreolata   49,  55 

cylindrica 19,  28 

elongata   19,  33 

escbscholtzi 19,  29 

exarata 38,  39 

fallax 49,  .52 

glacialis 38.  40 

hsematopa 20,  35 

holmbergi 63 

hudsonica  Hayward 19,  29 

impuncticollis 49,  51 

infausta 19,  32 

insignis 49,  .50 

insularis 49,  51 

jacol>ina 18,  22 

laticollis 19,  26 

latior 39,  43 

littoralis  49,  52 

longula 44,  46 

iiielanogastrica 19,  30 

pallipes 44,  45 

parviceps  Hayward 49,  54 

pennsylvanica 19,  34 

polita 50,  59 

protensa 50,  56 


11 


INDEX. 


PAGE 

Amara  pterostichiana  Hayward.  .18.  20 

putzeysi   39,  41 

rufiniaiia 19,  27 

schwarzi 39,42 

scitula 44,  46 

soranolentus 63 

stupida  18,  23 

subpunctata 50,  58 

thoiacica  Hayward 18,  21 

traiisversicollis   64 

tristis -64 

Auabolia  assimilis  Banks 262 

nigricula  Banks 262 

Ancistrocenis  acanthopus  Cameron-223 

antheus  Cameron 210,  211 

arizotifensis  Cameron 208 

bakeriainis  Cameron 220 

belizensis  Cameron 230 

cockerel li  Cameron 220 

colon 206 

duransioeiisis  Cameron 216 

fill  vicar  pus  Cameron 222 

fulvipes 213 

fill  vitarsis  Cameron 205 

fiindatiis 209,  214 

giinnisonenais    221 

lecontei  Cameron 218 

leensis  Cameron 215 

lindernanni  Cameron 219 

luinnesotrensis  Cameron  •  ■  •  ■  -231 

?  uigrohirsutus  Cameron 203 

ormsbyensis  Cameron 21S 

pedestris 212 

pelias  Cameron 208 

pbcBTiixensis  Cameron 225 

riviilaris  Cameron 215 

satyrus  Cameron 211 

sayi  Cameron 221 

simulator  Cameron 222 

titynis  Catneron 211 

tricbiouotus 221 

truiicatus  Cameron 217 

veil  tones  Cameron 209 

Anorostonia 69,  75 

grandis  J)arlin(jton 75 

maculata  Darlington 75,  76 

niarginata 75,  77 

opaca 75,  76 


PAGE 

Arctopsycbe  apicalis  Eanfcs 266 

Aulacinse 107,  118 

Aulacinus 120 

Aulacus 120 

Batbymetis  testaceicornis  Cam 245 

Bembex  spinolse 237 

Bembidula  ventralis 237 

Bittacus  texanus  Banks 261 

Boriomyia  pretiosa  Banks 260 

Bradytus 17,  33,  61 

Csecilius  clarus  Banks 258 

Calobata    3 

alesia 4,  6 

angulata 5,  9 

annulata 5,  9 

antennsepes 4,  6 

callicbroma 5,  8 

diversa 4,  9 

fasciata 4,  7 

ichneuinonea 5,  8 

lasciva 5.  10 

nebulosa 4,  8 

uuivitta 4,  5 

Cardiacephala  longipes 10 

myrimex 11 

Celia 17 

Cbrysopa  placita  Banks 259 

Cremastobombycia  Braun... 272,  349,  356 

Cy  rtonotus 16,  17,  60 

Dimorphoniutilia  ?  belizensis  Cam. .240 

Diplectrona  modesta  Banks 266 

Dipterological  Notes 1 

Dipterous  Family  Heloniyzidse 67 

Dipterous  Family  Nemestrinidse-  •  .247 

Eccoptomera 69,  74 

ainericana  Darlington 74 

Ensign-Flies 101 

Eriborus?  trianiiulatus  Cameron  ■  ■  -245 

Evaniidtc    101 

Evaniinse 107,  128 

E  vania 137,  162,  163,  190 

albispina 171 

albitarsis 166 

albofascialis 171 

animensis 165 

annulata 166 

aiinulipes   166 

aiitennalis 165 


INDEX. 


PAGE 

Evania  appendigaster 138.  164 

areolata 169 

brachystyliis 166 

brevigeua 168 

calcarata 170 

capensis 165 

carinulata 170 

cliilensis 170 

chinensis 164 

concolor 170 

coxalis 164 

curvicarinata 165 

cu  rvi  pes 169 

dimidiata   164 

dispersa 170 

dolichopus    165 

euderleini  Bradley 166,  167 

erythrosonia 165 

fascialis 171 

ferruginea 171 

ferriiginescens 170 

flabellata 164 

flagellata 171 

fumipennis 165 

geniinata 170 

hteiischi 169 

incerta 164 

kriegeriana 167 

levigeua   165 

lombokiensis 166 

longitarsis 169 

maximiliana    171 

miniacei    169 

minor 170 

multicolor 166 

nana 171 

nobilis 169 

nyassica 165 

ornaticoruis 171 

parfensis   168 

polita 169 

jmbipennis 166 

pulcbra 166 

pulcberrinia 169 

punctata 164 

pusilla 165 

robusta 171 

rufa    168 


PACK 

Evania  rufiidorsnm 168 

rugifrons 171 

schletterei'i 164 

signata 168 

solox 165 

striaticeps 164 

szepligetii  Bradley 167 

tarsalis 170 

tinctipennis. .  •    171 

trocbanterata 171 

urbana  Bradley 138,  140 

varicornis 171 

villosa   ■%•  165 

Evaniella 137.  142,  163,  177 

californica 142,  143 

Cameron  i  Bradley 170,  178 

neomexicana 142,  143 

semseoda  Bradley 142,  144 

Evaniellus 163,  189 

braziliensis 190 

cbalcidipennis 190 

gracilis 190 

peruanns 190 

Evanicus 162.  163,  180 

marginata 180 

rufitborax 180 

tibialis 180 

Exotic  Evaniidip 162 

Fceuina? 107.  108.  191 

Fojnus 109 

arcus    117 

cressoni  Bradley 113 

egregrius 115 

floridanus  Bradley 112 

fragilis  Bradley Ill 

incertns 109 

micrura 109,  110 

montanus 109 

nevada'  Bradley 114 

occidentalis    115 

pattersonte 112 

pensilis 117 

perplex  us 114 

rubrofasciatus 116 

septentrionalis    116 

tarsalorius   Ill 

torrid  us  Bradley 118 

Goniotaulius  abbreviatus  Banks. .  .263 


IV 


INDEX. 


PAGK 

Goniotaulius  bifidus  Banks 263 

canadensis  Banks 264 

occidentatis  Banks 264 

Helomyzidse 67 

Helomyza 69,  89 

apicalis 90,  94 

barbera  Darlimjton 90,  93 

distingua 90,  97 

fasciata    95 

iniens 90,  96 

limbata 89,  91 

loiigipennis   89,90 

nemoruni 89,  92 

plumata 89,  90 

polystignia 90,  97 

punctata 89,  96 

quinquepuiictata 89,  91 

tincta 94 

zetterstedti 90,  93 

Hemoi'obius  alpestris  Bunks 261 

placidus  Banks 260 

Hiimoneura 251 

brevirostri- 251,  252 

clausa 251 

flavipes 251,  252 

melanderi 251,  253 

occiiltator  Cvckerell 254 

psilotes 251,  252 

toxaiia  C'ockerell 251,  253 

vnlcanica .251,  253 

Hydropsyche  pettiti  Banks 265 

Hymenoptera  from  Southwestern 

United  States.... 195,  229 

Hypodernus  longipilosa  Cameron.- .  199 

Hyptia 137, 147,  163,  185 

aniiiZonica 186 

bakeri  Bradley 187,  189 

brevicalcar 161 

canieroni 187 

chalcides 186 

crassa 187 

festiva 186 

floridana 150,  156 

fHiatemalensis    187 

harpyoides  Bradley 15(»,  151 

birsuta 186 

by)itio<;asiris  Bradley ■■■  I'ii,  160 
jobnsoni  187,  189 


PAGE 

Hyptia  mylacridomanes  Brad. ..150, 153 

uigriventris 186 

nyctoides  Bradley 151,  159 

ocellaria   "• 187,  188 

parva 186 

poey  i 187,  188 

prosetethetra  Bradley-  -  .151,  160 

reticulata 150,  151,  154 

ruficeps 186 

rufosignata 186 

rugosa   187 

servillei 187 

similis   186 

soror 186,  188 

stimulata 187 

texana  Bradley 151,  161 

thoracica 150,  151,  154 

weithi 187 

Hyptiogaster 108 

Ichneumon  clarimontis  Cameron-  ■  -241 

Interaulacus  Bradley 120,  123 

kieflferi  Bradley 123 

Ijeiocnemis 17,  37,  61 

Leironotus 16,  36,  60 

Leptoceius  recurvatus  Banks 265 

Leria 69,  77 

biseta 79,  81 

cineraria 79,  85 

crassi  pes 79,  86 

defessa 78,  81 

discolor 79,  84 

fraterna 78,  79 

glauca  Aldrich 87,  79 

helvola 69,  79,  83 

iners 79.  82 

latens 79,  85 

leucostoma 79,  87 

lutea 79,  88 

pectinata 79,  83 

pubescens 78,  80 

serrata 79,  84 

tristis 79,  88 

Limnephilus  abbreviatus  Banks  . .  .263 

bifidus  Banks 263 

canadensis  Banks 264 

macgillivrayi  Banks 263 

occidentatis  Banks 264 

rohweri  Banks 262 


INDEX. 


PAGE 

LithocoUetis 269,  271,  272,  355 

aceriella 323,  346 

aeriferella 275,  305 

sesculisella 323,  344 

affinis 277,  313 

agrifoliella 322.  331 

albanotella 275,  282 

alni 277.  299 

alnicolella 277,  298 

ambrosiella 3.50.  352 

apicinigrella  Brauv 276,  307 

arbutusella  Brann 275,  285 

arcuella 323,  338 

argeutifimbriella 275,  281 

argentinotella 276,  306 

auroniteus 276,  293 

australisella 323,  335 

basistrigella 276,  308 

bataviella  Braun 274,  278 

bethunella 323,  340 

betulivora 323,  3.39 

caryaealbella 275,  289 

caryaefoliella 322,  325 

castaueseella 323,  341 

celtifoliella 274,  319 

celtisella 276,  309 

cervina 323,  336 

cbanibersella 323,  336 

cincinnatiella    322,  329 

clemensella 275,  280 

conglomeratella 322,  332 

corylisella    323,  344 

cratsegella 277,  301 

deceptusella 276.  298 

desmodiella   348 

diaphanella 276,  294 

eppelsbeimii 323,  339 

fasciella 323,  341 

fitchella 275.  277 

fletcherella  Braun 323,  338 

fragilella 277,  315 

gaultheriella 322,  324 

gemnaea    276.  290 

grindeliella 350 

guttifinitella 323,  342 

hageni 275,  284 

hamadryadella 322,  329 

hamameliella 323,  347 


PAGE 

LithocoUetis  ignota 350,  353 

incanella 276,  302 

insignis 275,  283 

kearfottella 275,288 

ledella 277,  296 

lentella  Braun •  •   322,  326 

leucotborax  276,  278 

lucetielia .   277.  310 

lucidicostella  . .      275,  281 

lysimacbifeella .320 

macrocaipella 322,  328 

malimalifoliella 276,  300 

inariteella 277,  313 

martiella  Ilraun 276,  290 

mediodorsella  Braun  ■  ■  .322,  335 

minutella 277,  294 

morrisella 276,  291 

nemoris 322,  324 

obscuricostella    275,  286 

obsoleta 275,  306 

obstrictella 323,  342 

occitanica 276,  307 

olivififonnis  Braun 275,  289 

oregoneusis 277,  314 

ostensackeuella 277,  311 

ostryasfoliella 275.  286 

ostiyaiella 323.  345 

platanoidiella- .  • 323.  337 

populiella 276,  .303 

propiiiquinella  Braun.-  .277,  302 

quercialbella 274,  279 

quercivoiella 322,  334 

rileyella    275,287 

robinielia 275,  292 

saccharella 322,  327 

salicifoliella 274,  316 

salicivorella 276,  297 

scudderella 276,  295 

sexnotella 275.  304 

solidaginis 3.">0.  351 

syruplioricarpella 277,  311 

tiliacella 277,  314 

treniuloidiella 274,  317 

trinotella 274,  279 

tritfeniauella 277,312 

tubiferella 323,  347 

uhlerella 276,291 

ulraella 322,333 


VI 


INDEX. 


PAGE 

Lithocolletis  umbellularia;-  •  ■  -S-i^,  330 

verbesinella SoO,  354 

Meleoma  pallida  Banks 260 

vertical  is  Banks 259 

Micropezidse 1 

Micropeza 2 

ambigua  Cresson 2,  3 

nigricornis   2 

producta 2 

turcana 2 

Monedula  denverensis  Cam  ■  ■  -235,  236 

speciosa •  •  •  -236 

Monobia  quadridens 195 

Myopsocus  uiaculosus  Banks 258 

Myzine  uigropilosella 237 

Weaulacus 121,  126 

fasciatus    127 

mellens 127 

occidentalis 126 

pacificus 127 

Nemestrinidse   247 

Neuropteroid  Insects 255 

Nortonia  ?  basiniacula  Cameron  ■  •  •  -224 

phcBiiixensis  Cameron 225 

Odontaulacus 120,  123 

abdomiiialis 124 

bilobatiis 124 

editus 124 

minor 124 

rufitarsis 124 

Odyneridse 195 

Odynerus  acanthopus  Cameron 223 

anormus   213 

aDuulatus 195 

arizonensis  Cameron 208 

arvensis 195 

austrinus 213 

cbelonogastris  Cameron 202 

colon 206 

cresson i  Cameron 198 

crotcbii  Cameron ■  ■  •    197 

edwardsii  Cameron 207 

fedorensis  Cameron 200,  201 

fiilvipes 213 

heterospiliis  Cameron  ■  ■  .201,  "202 

lonf;ipil<>sns  Cameron 199 

niiniiesiittcnsis  Cameron  ■         231 
orassus  Cameron  •    196 


PAGE 

Odynerus  oslarensis.  Cameroji 199 

philetus  Cameron 214 

rufinodus 201 

scudderi  Cameron 196 

tuherciiliceps 204 

CEcothea 69,73 

fenestralis 73 

Oleisoprista 121 

abbottii 126 

dentatus  Bradley 126 

firmus    126 

resutorivorus 126 

stigiuaterus 126 

Otacustes  nigro-ornatus  Cameron-  ■  .244 
Pachyodernus  oslarensis  Cameron.  199 
Pachyodynerus  cressoni  Cameron  ■  .198 

Palembolus 248 

florigerus 248 

Pammegischia 120,  121 

asbiueadi  Bradlei/ 121,  122 

burquei 121,  122 

lovei 121 

niiunesotse  Bradley 121,  122 

onelletii 121 

pallipes   121 

xiphydriffi    121.  122 

Parevania 191 

Passalcecus  niandibularis 235 

Pemphredon  tinctipennis  Cameron. 234^ 

Perla  carolinensis 257 

concolor  Banks    . .    255 

couloni 256 

excavata  Banks 256 

fu  inosa 256 

illustris  Banks-  ■  -  ■ 256 

inimarginata    257 

lurida 256 

iycorias 257 

niodesta  Banks 255 

valida 257 

xanthenes 257 

Platypbylax  designata 265 

Plesia  fulvinervis  Cameron 239 

granadif.nsis  Cameron 238 

nigiopilosella  Cameron 237 

spiloiiota  Cameron 240 

Polistcs  aurifer 230 

flavus 229 


INDEX. 


Vll 


PAGE 

Polistes  versicolor 229 

Polypsocus  fasciatus  I>a)iks 258 

Porphyrosela  Brami 272,  348,  356 

Porsenus  Darlington 69 

jobusoni  Dariingtov 70 

Potamantluis  mediiis  Banks 259 

Pristaulacus 121,  126 

ahbottii 126 

(lentatus  Bradletj 126 

fasciatus    127 

firmus    126 

flavicrn  rus 127,  128 

f  uscalatus 127,  128 

hopkiusi  Bradley 127 

melleus 127 

montanus 127,  128 

niger 127,  128 

occidentalis •  •  -126 

pacificus 127 

resutorivorus 126 

stigmaterus 126 

violaceus 127 

Piistomeridia  nigro-oinata  Cam-  ..246 

sulcata  Cameron 246 

Psen  colorad  ceil  sis  Cameron  ■    ■  .232,  233 

interslitialis  Cameron.  •• .         233 

Pseudamhlyteles  ormshyensis  Cam..2i2 

peroratus  Cameron 242 

Pseudofcenus 109 

Psocus  cubanus  Bankn 2.57 

persimilis  Banks 257 

Pterochilus  niaculifrons  CVr7»i.  .226,  227 

pruinosus  Cameron 227 

5-fasciatus 226,  227 

Rhygchium  dorsale-  .  ■    228 

Rhyncboceplialus 249 

sackenii  ...    249 

subnitens  Cockerell  250 

volaticus •  .250 

Scatophaga  carolinensis 88 

Semseodogaster 163,  185 

Semseomyia  liradlei/ 163,  180,  19i 


PAGE 

Semgeomyia  albata 182 

azteka   181 

barticensis  Bradley 182,  184 

basal  is 183 

flavescens 182 

f  raterna 183 

gayi    182 

gredleri  182 

kiefferi  Bradley 183 

Ifeviuscula    183 

magna 181 

nitida 181 

oculata 182 

leticulifer 182 

taschenbergi  Bradley  ■  ■  .182,  184 

trinidadensis .183 

Semenovius  Bradley 120,  123 

Siligo  Aldrich 69,  98 

litorea  Aldrich 99.  100 

oregona  Aldrich 99 

Sisyra  apical  is  Banks 261 

Stenolia  obliqua 237 

scolopacca 237 

Stiboscopus  erythrostoiuus  Cam- .  ■  .244 

Stictocryptus  Cameron 243 

Szepligetella  Bradley 163,  172 

sericea 172 

Tephrocblamys 69,  71 

flavitarsis  Darlington 71 

rufipeunis 71,  72 

Tracbypus  aunulatitarsis  Cam 232 

Triffiiia 17,  44,61 

Trepan lacus  Bradley 120,  125 

torrid  us  liradley 125 

Xeu  xe  van  ia 1 63,  1 78,  191 

dinarica 179 

globiceps 179 

javanica 179 

scblettereri  Bradley 179 

splendidula 179 

tenuistylus 179 


^ 


VOLUME  XXXIV,   NUMBER   1. 


^ 


TRANSAGTIONS 


OF    THE 


.2^  iKdi  E  i^  I  c  ^^  3sr 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  SOCIETY 


I 


PUBIJSHED  BY  THE  AMERICAN   ENTOMOLOGKJAI.  SOCIETY    AT  THE 
ACADEMY  OF   NATURAL  SCIENCES, 

PHILADELPHIA. 


WW  SUBSCRIPTION  PKICK  FOUR  DOLLARS  PER  VOLUME.  j^v 

^ _>=4^=^-  —^ 


.08 


S) 


TRANSACTIONS 

OF  THE 

AMERICAN  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SOCIETY. 


VOLUIVtE   XXXIV. 


niPTKROLOCilCAT   NOTES.— I. 

MICROPEZIDJ^. 

(Plates  I-II.) 
BY    E.    T.    CRESSOy     JR. 

This  paper  is  the  result  of  a  sho/c  study  of  the  material  in  the 
collection  of  the  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia, 
which  is  mostly  neotropicv.],  and  includes  some  species  that  have 
been  but  little  noted  heretofoie.  I  have  taken  the  liberty  of  rede- 
scribing  those  of  which,  to  'ny  knowledge,  only  the  brief  original 
description  exists,  and  hav^  therefore  given  many  additional  charac- 
ters of  specific  value. 

The  male  genitalia  iiolds  very  good  characters,  and  I  have  there- 
fore given  a  few  fig'ires  sliowing  their  variations.  The  ovipositor  of 
the  female,  ment'oned  in  the  following  descriptions,  unless  otherwise 
designated,  refer  only  to  the  first  section,  not  to  the  retractile  portion. 

Ostei-  Sacken,  in  his  "  Diptera  from  the  Philippine  Islands" 
(Berl.  Eut.  Zeit.,  xxvi,  p.  194,  1882),  describes  the  chtietotaxy  of  the 
Micropezidse,  which  I  will  give  for  tliose  species  treated  herein.  Of 
the  thorax  there  are  two  priescutellars,  two  supra-alars, — one  of 
which  may  be  called  the  postalar, — two  notopleurals,  two  scutellars, 
with  tiie  following  exceptions :  Calobata  nehulosa  Lw.  has  another 
bristle  before  the  prsescutellars ;  C.  annu/ata  Fab.  and  the  genus 
Micropeza  have  no  praescutellars.  The  pleurae  of  the  genera  Calo- 
bata and  Cardiacephala  have  no  distinct  bristles,  but  there  are  one 
or  inore  series  of  long  hair-like  bristles  on  the  posterior  portion  of 
the  hypopleurse.  In  the  genus  Micropeza,  on  the  other  hand,  there 
is  a  strong  sternopleural   bristle,  with  several  minute  ones  below  it, 

TKANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (1)  .TANUAKY,  1908. 


2  AMERICAN    DIPTERA. 

but  uo  hairs  on  the  hypopleura.  The  chsetotaxy  of  the  head  varies 
and  will  be  treated  in  the  description  of  each  species ;  but  there  is 
a  common  absence  of  the  ocellar  bristles  in  all  genera,  and  of  the 
frontal  bristles  in  the  genus  Micropeza ;  but  the  inner  and  outer 
verticals  are  present  in  all  genera. 

MICROPEZA    Meigen. 
lUiger's  Magazine,  ii,  276,  1803. 

Head  somewhat  conical,  projecting  forwards  beyond  the  eyes,  and 
the  occiput  much  swollen  posteriorly;  the  front  and  cheeks  nearly 
parallel ;  antennae  short,  third  joint  rounded  ;  thorax  narrow,  elon- 
gate;  abdomen  slender;  auxiliary  vein  wanting;  discal  and  second 
basal  cells  united  ;  apical  cell  narrowed  or  closed  apically. 

PARTIAL   TABLE  OF  NORTH    AMERICAN  SPECIES. 

1.  Apical  cell  closed  and  petiolate  (for  this  group,  see  "Biologia,"  Diptera,  vol.  ii, 

p.  364;  includes,  as  far  as  known,  only  the  Mexican  species). 
Apical  cell  open,  or  closed  in  tbe  margin  of  wing 2. 

2.  Hind  femora  banded  near  the  apex  ;  small  species  (4  mm.),  Mexican. 

iiigricornis  v.  d.  W. 
Hind  femora  not  banded  ;  larger  species 3. 

3.  Thorax  and  abdomen  rufous;  apical  cell  closed  in  the  margin. 

prodiicta  Walk. 
Thorax,  but  especially  the  abdomen,  black  above ;  apical  cell  open 4. 

4.  Posterior  part  of  mesonotum  with  a  large  yellow  area  ;  vertex  yellow,  marked 

with  brownish  lines;  antennae  in  both  sexes  black,  .tiirciiiia  Town. 

Mesonotum  not  so  marked  ;  vertex  mostly  black  ;  anteiiiiie  of  male  only  with 

third  joint  yellow anibigiia  var.  nov. 

Micropeza  tnrcaiia  Town.,  Trans.  Kans.  Acad.  Sci.,  xiii,  1.36,  1894. 

One  %  .  HighroUs,  New  Mexico  (Viereck  and  Rehn).  This 
specimen  agrees  so  well  with  the  typical  description  that  there  seems 
to  be  no  doubt  about  it  being  this  species,  but  it  shows  a  few  char- 
acters that  differ  from  the  typical,  and  which,  with  son)e  additional 
characters,  I  will  note  here:  the  brown  side  stripes  of  the  posterior 
portion  of  the  front,  and  the  vertex,  noted  in  the  typical  descrip- 
tion, are  connected  by  other  lines  which  divide  that  portion  of  the 
head  into  yellow  areas.  The  main  stripes  run  from  tlie  upper  cor- 
ner of  each  eye  over  the  vertex,  passing  just  inside  or  including  the 
outer  verticals,  tlien  passing  on  down  the  occiput,  where  tliev  unite 
with  eacli  other  at  the  neck  ;  another  pair  leave  the  main  pair  about 
opposite  the  ocellar  tubercle,  includes  tlie  inner  verticals,  and  unites 


E.    T.    CRESSOX,    JR.  3 

with  each  other  in  an  irregular  .^pot  at  the  post- vertical.-? ;  a  third 
pair  descend  vertically  from  the  main  pair  to  the  posterior  orbits  of 
the  eyes. 

The  principal  differences  between  this  and  its  variety  ajH^t^tta  are 
given  below. 

:vlicro|»eza  (^liircansi)  aiiil>i$;na  vnr.  nov.  (PI.  I,  fisrs.  1.  2). 

Male. — Yellow  to  whitish  below,  marked  with  black  or  brown  as  follows:  a 
median  frontal  vitta  from  the  black  ocellar  tubercle  nearly  to  the  base  of  an- 
teniife;  vertex  and  upper  part  of  occiput,  also  a  brown  spot  on  the  occiput  under 
the  neck  ;  a  spot  in  each  antennal  fovese  ;  second  and  base  of  third  antennal  joint 
and  the  bare  arista;  dorsum  of  thorax  limited  on  each  lateral  margin  by  a  yellow 
stripe  running  from  the  neck  to  base  of  wing,  this  yellow  stripe  encroaches  on 
the  dorsum  anteriorly,  constricting  the  black  portion  to  about  the  width  of  the 
neck  ;  postalar  callus  yellowish.  The  scutellum  brownish,  with  a  darker  median 
spot.  The  pleura  with  a  brown  stripe  running  from  the  neck  to,  and  connecting 
with,  the  black  metanotum  ;  a  brown  or  l)lack  stripe  on  the  ventral  part  of  the 
sternopleura  running  from  flie  fore  to  the  middle  coxte.  Dorsum  of  abdomen 
black,  with  narrow  yellow  or  whitish  posterior  and  lateral  margins  of  segments 
2-6,  wider  on  the  sixth.  Genitalia  yellow,  with  brownish  marks;  the  yellow 
clasps  beneath  the  fourth  segment  conspicuously  developed  (see  Figure  2).  All 
coxx  whitish  ;  femora  dark  yellow,  without  rings;  tibiae  darker  yellow,  black  at 
apex;  all  tarsi  black.  PFijtf/s  yellowish-hyaline  ;  veins  rufous;  apical  cell  open; 
posterior  cross-vein  slightly  bowed  out;  anal  cell  not  acute. 

Female  similar,  but  the  frontal  vitta  is  wider;  antennse  entirely  black;  the 
yellow  margins  of  the  sixth  abdominal  segment  not  broader  than  the  preceding 
segments;  first  joint  of  the  ovipositor  nearly  one-half  as  long  as  the  abdomen, 
brown,  yellow  on  the  lateral  margins  towards  the  apex  ;  second  joint  black. 

Length  6-7  mm. 

Numerous  specimens  of  both  .se.xes.  Cloudcroft  and  Highrolls, 
New  Mexico  (Viereck  and  Rehn). 

This  is  without  doubt  a  variety  of  M.  UircdiKi  Town.,  being  dis- 
tinguished by  the  entirely  black  vertex,  and  the  niesonotum  without 
the  yellow  median  area. 

C^ALOBATA  Meigen. 
Illiger's  Magazine,  ii,  276,  1803. 
Head  not  conical,  but  more  or  less  hemispherical  or  rounded  ;  the 
lower  part  only  of  the  occiput  generally  being  turgid  ;  antenna? 
short,  third  joint  lounded  or  oval.  Thorax  stout,  but  more  or  le.ss 
attenuated  anteriorly.  Abdomen  i-ather  stout;  the  genitalia  some- 
times greatly  developed.  Auxiliary  vein  of  wing  present;  discal 
and  second  basal  cells  separated  by  the  usual  cross-vein  ;  last  two 
sections  of  the  fourth   vein  of  about  equal  length  ;  apical  cell   nar- 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XLXXIV.  JANUARY.  1908. 


4  AMERICAN    DIPTERA. 

rowed  or  closed  apically ;   anal  cell  large,  sometimes  with  a  long 
attenuated  lobe. 

This  genus,  at  present,  holds  two  very  characteristic  groups.  If, 
upon  further  study  of  those  species  not  herein  mentioned,  these 
groups  still  hold  their  well-marked  characters,  they  may  be,  with 
safety,  considered  ^ood  genera.  I  have,  in  the  following  table — 
which  treats  only  of  those  species  under  observation — made  these 
groups  the  primary  divisions.  The  difference  in  form  of  the  geni- 
talia of  %  and  ovipositor  of  9  seems  to  be  the  most  marked  char- 
acter for  their  separation.  These  differences,  as  well  as  their  specific 
variations,  I  have  shown,  when  they  exist,  by  a  series  of  sketches. 
Those  instances  where  only  the  clasps  of  the  male  are  figured,  the 
other  parts  are  similar. 

Front  narrow,  more  than  twice  as  long  as  wide;  the  ocellar  tubercle  nearer  the 
occiput  than  to  the  antennje  ;  thorax  more  or  less  well  developed  an- 
teriorly, the  humeral  calli  distinct;  the  genitalia  much  developed; 
the  clasps  of  male,  usually  situated  beneath  the  third  abdominal  seg- 
ment, are  membraneous  and  sessile,  greatly  enlarged,  not  filiform  ; 
the  ovipositor  of  female  shorty  and  irregularly  developed,  truncate  at 
apex,  not  extending  forward  beneath  the  abdomen 1. 

Front  nearly  as  wide  as  long;  the  ocellar  tubercle  about  midway  or  nearer  the 
antennte  than  to  the  occiput;  thorax  much  constricted  anteriorly,  the 
humeral  calli  indistinct;  the  genitalia  not  unusually  enlarged;  the 
clasps  of  male  situated  nearer  the  apex  of  abdomen  on  a  more  or  less 
elongated  pedicle  or  common  base,  somewhat  filiform;  ovipositor  of 
female  long,  tapering  to  a  more  or  less  filiform  apex,  and  extending 
forward  beneath  the  abdomen 2. 

1.  Thorax  and  abdomen  yellow  or  rufous,  with  a  black  median  stripe,  whicli  is 

sometimes  indistinct  on  the  thorax uuivittti.  Walk.,  "J) ,  9  . 

Thorax  and  abdomen,  except  the  clasps  of  male,  entirely  black. 

alesia  Walk.,  '^,9. 

2.  Wings  uniformly  blackish,  not  banded  ;  the  costa,  between  the  ends  of  second 

and  third  veins,  much  less  than  half  tlie  length  of  the  last  section  of 

fourth  vein (liversa  Schi.,  9- 

Wings  hyaline  or  banded;  the  costa,  between  second  and  third  veins,  nearly 
as  long  as  the  last  section  of  fourth  vein 3. 

3.  Anal  cell  short,  not  much  longer  tlian  the  second  basal  cell 4. 

Anal  cell  more  than  twice  as  long  as  the  second  basal  cell 6. 

4.  Head  and  thorax  ru  fous 5. 

Head  and  thorax  black;  wings  hyaline  or  faintly  banded. 

am  to  nil  lie  !><>!<»  Say,  '^  ,  9  • 

5.  Wings  with  distinct  cross-bands;  hind   femora  with  a  jjreapicul  ring;    hind 

metatarsi  wliite i'itiiiciata  Fab.,   9  • 

Wings  with  a  di.scal  brownish  cloud  ;  liind  femora  and  tarsi  not  so  marked. 

iiebiiloMa  Lw.  ■£,  9. 


E.    T.    CKKSSOX,    JR.  0 

6.  Thorax  rufous • "• 

Thorax  black  or  bluish  ;  wings  distinctly  handed 8. 

7.  Wings  with  two  distinct  brownish  cross-hands  and  an  apical  spot;   abdomen 

of  a  coppery-red  color;  the  apex  of  second   vein  about  opposite  the 

posterior  cross-vein i<-hiiCunionea  Brauer,  %,  ^■ 

Wings  with  one  distinct  cross-band  and  an  apical  spot;  abdomen  bluish-black  : 
the  end  of  second  vein  far  before  the  posterior  cross-vein. 

calliclironia  Kig.,  %,9- 

8.  The  apical  hyaline  space  wider  or  as  wide  as  the  biowu  band  before  it ;  thorax 

bluish  ;  no  frontal  or  prfescutellar  bristles. . .  .aiiiiiilata  Fab.,  '^  ,  ?  . 

The  apical  hyaline  space  much  narrower  than  the  brown  band  before  it ;  at 

least  two  frontal  and  one  prsescutellar  bristles  present 9. 

9.  Fore  tarsi  entirely  white;   apical  cell  open  ;    hind    femora  with  a  distinctly 

oblique  whitish  ring  beyond  the  middle aiigiilala  I/W  ,  %,^. 

Fore  metatarsi  only  white;  apical  cell  closed  in  the  niaigm  ;  the  ring  on  the 
hind  femora  not  distinctly  oblique Ia>»<*iva  Fab.,  %  ,  ^  . 

Caloliata  uiiivilta  Walker,  List,  iv,  1049,  1849.    (PI.  I,  figs.  3  and  4.) 

Yellow  to  rufous,  with  black  or  brown  markings.  Front  opaque,  with  narrow 
silvery  side  stripes,  and  a  large  silvery  triangle  at  each  side  of  the  vertex,  which 
are  nearly  confluent  behind  the  black  ocellar  tubercle;  this  tubercle  is  situated 
nearer  the  vertex  than  to  the  antenna;;  no  post-vertical  or  frontal  bristles.  Face 
and  cheeks  white,  silvery  in  certain  aspects;  clypeus  whitish,  not  prominent. 
Antennse  yellow  ;  second  joint  darker;  third  about  one  and  a  half  times  as  long 
as  the  second,  apex  rounded  ;  arista  shortly  plumose.  Occiput  .strongly  convex  ; 
lower  part  of  orbits  with  a  large  silvery  spot  confluent  with  the  silver  of  the 
cheeks.  Thorax  shining,  with  a  narrow  median  blackish  vitta,  widening  over 
the  scutellum  ;  this  vitta  is  more  distinct  in  the  male,  but  is  often  nearly  invisi- 
ble. Lower  part  of  pleurae  whitish  poUinose;  metanotum  with  a  black  median 
si)ot.  Halteres  whitish.  .46do?ne»t  shining,  with  a  black  median  stripe,  which  is 
broader  in  the  female,  interrupted  at  the  incisions;  fifth  and  sixth  segments  of 
male  distinctly  constricted  laterally,  and  the  genital  segment  much  enlarged; 
the  translucent  yellow  clasps  of  male,  situated  beneath  the  third  segment,  are 
broad  and  flattened,  their  apices  bent  in  form  of  hooks  and  their  anterior  inner 
margins  provided  with  minute  black  spines.  Ovipositor  of  female  with  a  black 
median  stripe,  broadened  laterally  at  the  base,  where  it  is  nearly  cylindrical, 
then  tapering  laterally  to  a  truncate  apex  (see  drawings).  Legx  yellow;  hind 
femora  with  a  preapical  blackish  band  or  only  a  spot  underneath  at  the  apex. 
Win(is  hyaline,  with  the  first  posterior  cell  open  ;  anal  cell  as  short  as  the  second 
basal  cell,  the  lower  angle  about  right  angular.     Length  5-7  mm. 

One  S,  Highrolls,  New  Mexico  (Viereck  and  Kelin),an(l  .<evenil 
pairs  from  Pennsylvania. 

In  this  and  the  next  following  species  (C.  alcda  Walk.)  it  will  he 
seen,  l)y  referring  to  figures  3  and  4  of  Plate  I,  which  represent  the 
genitalia  of  these  species,  that  these  members  are  greatly  enlarged. 
The  genital  segments  of  male  are  complicated  and  more  or  less 
globidar  in  form;  the  clasps,  it  will  l)e  noticed,  are  broad  and  ratlier 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  JANUARY.  1908. 


6  AMERICAN    DIPTERA. 

membraneous,  arising  separately  from  each  'side  of  tiie  venter,  curv- 
ing towards  each  other,  provided,  at  their  apices,  with  hooks,  or,  as 
in  alesia  Walk.,  with  knob-like  swellings,  bent  over  to  serve  as 
hooks.  These  clasps  are  to  lay  hold  of  the  ovipositor  (as  it  is  here 
called),  the  hooks  following  into  a  groove  which  exists  beneath  the 
same.  The  genital  segment  of  female,  or  ovipositor,  is  also,  as  will 
be  seen  (in  Figure  4),  very  much  enlarged,  of  irregular  shape,  not 
awl  shaped  as  is  general  with  these  members;  and  are  not  capable 
of  folding  under  against  the  venter.  These  characters  alone  are  of 
sufficient  value  for  genei'ic  separation  when  compared  with  those  of 
the  other  group  (Figures  7  and  8). 

This  is  the  common  eastern  North  American  species  of  this  group, 
and  may  be  found  upon  low  herbage  in  cool  shady  situations. 

Calobata  alej*ia  Walker,  List,  iv,  1048,  1849.     (PI.  I,  fi.es.  5  aud  6.) 

Sbiuing  black,  with  yellow  legs.  Front  in  the  middle,  the  vertex  and  upper 
median  part  of  the  occiput,  o])aque;  a  narrow  silvery  stripe  on  each  side  of  ver- 
tex, running  from  the  inner  vertical  bristle  to  the  vertical  orbit,  then  on  down 
the  frontal  orbits  to  the  face;  no  post  verticals,  but  sometimes  two  or  three 
minute  frontal  bristles.  Face  light  yellow;  clypeus  inconspicuous.  Occiput 
much  swollen  and  whitish  pollinose  below.  Proboscis  brown.  Antenna;  darker 
than  face;  third  joint  slightly  longer  than  the  second;  arista  black,  minutely 
plumose.  Thorax  with  a  narrow  lateral  pollinose  stripe  fiom  the  humerus  to  the 
scutellum;  the  lower  part  of  pleura  also  whitish  pollinose;  between  the  fore 
coxse  yellow.  Halteres  nearly  white.  Abdomen  of  male  with  third  segment 
swollen  laterally,  then  constricting  to  the  narrower  fifth  ;  the  genital  segments 
similar  to  those  oi  univitta  Walk. ;  the  clasps  are  much  more  enlarged  than  those 
of  the  latter  species,  their  apices  with  pad-like  hooks;  between  these  clasps  pro- 
jects a  short  double  knobbed  process  which  are,  as  are  also  the  clasps,  a  translu- 
cent yellow.  The  abdomen  of  female  is  cylindrical ;  the  ovipositor  is  also  black, 
of  an  irregular  shape,  being  wider  than  the  abdomen,  with  a  cordate  base,  and 
tapering  slightly  to  a  truncate  triangular  apex.  Hind  tibije  and  a  band  near 
the  apex  of  hind  femora  black  or  brown.  Wings  hyaline;  veins  yellow  toward 
the  costa;  first  posterior  cell  open  ;  anal  cell  short.     Length  6  mm. 

Both  sexes.     New  Jersey  and  northern  Illinois. 

The  drawings  will  readily  show  where  this  species  differs  in 
regards  to  the  genitalia,  and  the  synoptic  table  will  give  other 
differences. 

Calobaia  aiileiiimpp«'S  Say,  Journ.  Acad.  Sci.  Phila.,  iii,  07,  1823. 
(PI.  I.  figs.  7  and  8;  II,  fig.  9.) 
Brown  to  black,  with  yellow  markings.     Front  black;  sides  shining ;  median 
vitta  oiJaque,  with  whitish  reflection  ;  three  or  four  jtairs  of  frontal  bristles.  Ver- 
tex much  wider  than  front,  not  diflerentiatcd   from,  but  is  rounded    into,  the 
occiput;  the  ocellar  tubercle  is  situated  about  midway  between  the  post  verticals 


E.    T.    ORESSON,    JK.  7 

and  the  antemiiv.  Face  brown,  shorter  than  wide;  sides  and  cheeks  silvery, 
clypeiis  projecting,  shininj;  black.  Palpi  jet  black.  Antennse,  as  long  as  the  face, 
yellow  to  brown,  with  the  third  joint  sometimes  black  ;  the  latter  about  twice  as 
long  as  the  second  and  nearly  as  wide  as  long;  second  joint  with  a  distinct  bris- 
tle beneath,  as  long  as  the  third  joint;  arista  black,  slender,  bare.  Thorax 
brownish,  dusted  above;  pleurte  more  shining,  with  whitish  bloom  below;  meta- 
notum  whitish  poUinose.  Scutellum  brownish,  with  two  erect  apical  bristles. 
Halteres  blackish-brown.  Abdomen  brown,  shining;  first  segment  the  narrowest, 
with  long  erect  yellow  hairs;  posterior  margins  of  segments  2-5  narrowly 
whitish.  The  genital  segments  of  male  not  enlarged  ;  the  last  segment  flattened 
laterally;  the  clasps  are  beneath  the  fifth  segment,  being  two  slender  filiform 
appendages  on  a  common  pedicle  or  base,  with  their  anterior  mesal  surfaces  pro- 
vided with  short  black  spines.  The  ovipositor  of  female  is  more  or  less  awl- 
shaped,  about  one-half  as  long,  and  as  wide  at  its  base  as  the  abdomen,  tapering 
to  one-half  this  width  at  the  apex;  the  second  joint  filiform,  more  or  less  ex- 
tended. Fore  coxse  and  basal  half  of  femora  yellow;  tibiie  black,  but  tarsi  snow 
white.  Middle  and  hind  coxge,  base,  sometimes  basal  half,  a  preapical  ring,  and 
knees  of  femora,  yellow;  apical  half  of  tibiae  more  or  less  yellowish  ;  hitid  meta- 
tarsi wliite.  Wings  hyaline,  with  a  broad  brownish  band  crossing  the  apical  half 
of  discal  cell,  including  the  posterior  cross-vein  ;  and  a  brownish  apical  spot;  first 
posterior  cell  open  ;  anal  cell  acute  at  the  apes,  as  long  as  the  second  basal  cell ; 
small  cross-vein  at  middle  of  the  discal  cell.     Length  8-10  mm. 

Both  sexes.     Pennsylvania. 

I  have  made  drawings  showing  the  genitalia  of  this  .species  as 
typical  for  this  group,  but  these  vary  in  detail  with  each  species. 
The  diiference  will  be  readily  seen  at  a  glance,  and  there  is  no  need 
of  noting  them  here. 

This  is  the  common  eastern  North  American  .-species  of  this 
group,  and  is  generally  found  in  the  wood  upon  the  bark  of  trees 
and  on  foliage. 

Calobata  fasciata  Fab. 

Miiscd,  Fabricius,  Syst.  Ent.,  781,  177"). 

Calobata,  Wiedmann,  Auss.  Zwei.,  ii,  53().  1830. 
J. — Generally  rufous,  rather  shining.  Froni,  veitex  and  occiput  rounded  into 
each  other  without  any  ridge  to  differentiate  them;  one  pair  of  frontal  bristle 
which  are  opposite  the  ocelli;  these  ocelli  are  slightly  nearer  the  verticals  than 
to  the  antennse;  no  post  vertical  bristles.  Face  lighter,  more  or  less  silvery. 
Antennae  shorter  than  the  face;  third  joint  rufous  or  yellow  ;  arista  very  slen- 
der, bare.  Thorax  more  or  less  pollinose,  especially  the  lower  part  of  the  pleurte. 
Scutellum  with  two  diverging  bristles.  Halteres  rufous,  with  darker  knobs. 
Abdomen  dark  brown  above;  segments  with  narrow  whitish  posterior  margins. 
Ovipositor  shining  brown,  about  half  as  long  as  the  abdomen.  Legs  brown,  but 
the  posterior  and  middle  femora  are  more  or  less  yellowish,  excepting  a  brown 
preapical  ring  and  apex  ;  anterior  entirely  and  the  bases  of  the  middle  and  poste- 
rior metatarsi  snow  white.      Wirujs  hyaline,  with  two  cross-bands  and  an  apical 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  .JANUARY,  1908. 


O  AMERICAN    DIPTERA. 

spot  enclosing  a  hyaline  space,  brownish  ;  the  first  band  is  before,  but  not  includ- 
ing-, the  small  cross-vein  ;  the  second  is  much  wider  before  and  includes  the  pos- 
terior cross-vein  ;  the  apical  spot  is  separated  from  the  second  band  by  one-half 
the  width  of  the  band  ;  the  apical  margin  of  the  second  band  and  the  basal  mar- 
gin of  the  apical  spot  are  both  convexed,  thereby  giving  the  hyaline  space  an 
hour-glass  appearance;  apical  cell  open  ;  anal  cell  short,  separated  by  more  than 
the  length  of  the  posterior  cross-vein  from  the  margin  of  wing.    Length  6.5  mm. 

Jamaica  (Johnson  and  Fox). 

The  coloring  of  this  specimen,  on  account  of  bleaching,  may  be 
somewhat  paler  than  in  life. 

Calobata  iiebulosa  Loew,  Centur.,  vii,  89,  1866.     iPl.  II,  fig.  10.) 

Front  rufous;  sides  shining;  middle  vitta  opaque  and  whitish  pollinose  in  cer- 
tain aspects;  three  frontal  bristles,  ocelli  somewhat  nearer  the  vertical  bristles 
than  to  the  antennae ;  vertex  differentiated  from  the  occiput,  the  lateral  angles 
polished.  Face  yellow,  more  or  less  golden;  orbits  narrowly  silvered ;  clypeus 
brownish,  shining;  cheeks  linear,  silvery ;  occiput  rufous,  shining,  with  bluish 
reflections  above;  the  lower  posterior  orbits  broadly  silvered.  Antennae  about 
three-quarters  the  length  of  the  face,  rufous;  second  joint  darker,  with  black 
hairs  and  one  or  two  long  bristles  beneath  ;  third  joint  more  or  less  silvery  in 
certain  aspects,  about  twice  as  long  as  the  second  ;  arista  long,  black,  shortly 
plumose.  Proboscis  and  palpi  yellow.  Thorax  rufous,  shining,  especially  the 
pleurte;  the  latter  with  a  broad  silvery  band  before  the  root  of  the  wings,  cross- 
ing the  sternopleura  to  the  bind  coxae.  Scutellum  like  colored.  Halteres  rufous, 
knobs  darker.  Abdomen  bluish-black,  subshining,  base  more  or  less  rufous. 
Genitalia  similar  to  antennxpes  Say,  but  the  clasps  of  male  are  nearly  sessile, 
covered  with  long  hairs.  Ovipositor  dark  rufous,  about  three-fourths  as  long  as 
the  abdomen.  Legfi  yellowish,  but  apex  of  fore  femora  and  entire  tibiae  black. 
Fore  tarsi,  except  the  two  apical  joints,  white.  Middle  and  hind  tibiae  and  tarsi 
brown.  Wings  brownish  hyaline,  with  a  brown  cloud  centered  about  the  middle 
of  apical  cell  and  more  or  less  expanded  into  the  surrounding  cells;  the  apical 
cell  open  ;  anal  cell  short,  with  an  acute  angle.     Length  7  mm. 

Both  sexes.     Costa  Rica  and  Hayti. 

Calobata  icliiieuinonea  Brauer,  Sitzuugsber.  d.  k.  Akad.,  xci,  388,  1885. 
(PI.  II,  fig.  11.) 

Van  der  Wulp,  in  the  "  Biologia,"  Diptera,  vol.  ii,  p.  374,  gives 
a  translation  of  the  original  descri])tion  and  additional  notes,  which 
fully  describes  this  species.  The  clasps  of  the  male  genitalia  are 
rather  more  complicated  than  the  others,  and  the  figure  given  on 
the  plate  will  be  sufficient  for  identification. 

Both  sexes.     Mexico. 

C'alobata  calli<rhroina   Higot,  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  France,  373,  1886. 

Tills  species  is  also  noted  by  van  der  Wulp,  and  as  these  speci- 
mens are  rather  mutilated,  I  cannot  give  any  further  notes,  except 


K.    T.    CRKSSOX,    JR.  9 

that  there  is  only  one  frontal  bristle,  and  the  yellow  clasps  of  the 
male  genitalia  are  simple  and  similar  to  antetmwpes  Say. 
One  pair.     Mexico. 

C'alobata  diver!<»a  Schiner,  Xovnia  Eeise,  250,  1868. 

This  species  is  readily  distinguished  by  its  blackish  wings  and  the 
short  second  section  of  the  costa. 

Two  females.    Mexico. 

Calobata  angnlata  Loew,  Ceutur.,  vii,  87,  ISfiO.    (IM.  II,  figs.  12,  13,  14.) 

Bluish-black  to  browuish.  Front,  vertex  and  occipu*-  not  differentiated  by 
ridges.  Front  brownish,  sometimes  with  bluish-black  reflections,  suhshining, 
thinly  whitish  pollinose;  a  round  velvety-black  spot  in  the  middle  just  before 
the  black  ocellar  tubercle;  this  tubercle  is  situated  about  midway  between  the 
post-verticals  and  the  antennae;  three  frontal  bristles.  Vertex  with  bluish-black 
subshining  lateral  angles.  Occiput  bluish-black,  white  pollinose  above ;  brown 
and  silvery  below.  Face  shorter  than  wide,  thinly  white  pollino.se,  brown  at 
sides,  yellow  in  the  middle,  with  a  narrow  black  transverse  line  between  the 
foveae;  clypeus  brown,  shining,  with  white  bloom  ;  cheeks  brown,  very  narrow. 
Anteuuie  brown  or  rufous,  as  long  as  the  face;  third  joint  three  to  four  times  as 
long  as  the  second,  infuscate  at  base;  arista  blackish-brown,  bare.  Proboscis  and 
palpi  brown.  Thorax  bluish,  subopacjue,  caused  by  the  whitish  granular  coating, 
posterior  margin  and  pleurae  more  shining;  below  the  fore  coxa-  yellow.  Meta- 
notum  whitish  pollinose.  Scutellum  somewhat  more  shining  than  the  thorax. 
Halteres  blackish,  pedicles  yellow.  Abdomen  brownish;  *irst  segment  with  a 
broad  pollinose  posterior  marginal  band  ;' posterior  margins  of  second,  to  some- 
times the  fourth  segments,  white.  Genitalia  of  both  sexes  similar  to  antennxpes 
Say,  but  the  clasps  of  male  are  again  forked  posteriorly  (see  fig.  12).  Ovipositor 
of  female  shorter  in  comparison  and  apex  more  attenuated,  black,  apical  third 
shining.  Fore  coxx  and  femora  brown  ;  tibiae  black  ;  tarsi  white,  the  basal  joints 
somewhat  brownish  beneath.  Middle  femora  black,  apex  and  extreme  base 
rufous,  with  a  distinctly  oblique  preapical  whitish  band  (fig.  14) ;  tibia;  and  tarsi 
blackish.  Hind  femora  similai',  but  l)ase  broadly  yellowish ;  metatarsi  lighter. 
Wings  brownish,  with  the  base  and  two  cross-bands,  and  more  or  less  of  the  hind 
margin  hyaline;  first  band  slightly  oblique, over  the  small  cross-vein  ;  the  second 
somewhat  lunate,  beyond  the  posterior  cross-vein,  touching  the  costa  just  beyond 
the  end  of  the  second  vein  (fig.  13j ;  ajjical  cell  open  ;  anal  cell  very  long,  attenu- 
ated, ending  about  the  length  of  the  small  cross-vein  before  the  margin  of  wing. 
Length  8-10  mm. 

Both  sexes.     Paramaribo,  Dutch  (iuiaiia  (Mayo). 

C'alobata  aiinulata  Fab.     fPl.  II,  figs.  15,  16  and  17.) 

Masca  Fabricius,  Ent.  Syst.,  iv,  ."538,  1794. 

Calobata  Wiedmann,  Aus.  Zw.,  ii.  .534,  1830. 
%. — Similar  to  angnlnta  Lw.     Tlie  black  median  frontal  spot  less  defined  in 
outline;  no  frontal  bristles;  vertex  more  or  less  difttrenliated  from  the  occiput 
by  a  ridge,  not  rounded.     Face  without  a  well-defined  transverse  strijte  at  the 

TKANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (2)  JANUARY,  1908. 


10  AMERICAN    l:)IPTERA. 

oral  rnaij;in  ;  lieavily  silvered  in  certain  aspects;  fovese  dark  brown  to  black; 
clypeus  dark  brown,  polisbed  and  pollinose.  Palpi  distinctly  marfjinated  ante- 
riorly with  white.  Antennae  brown;  base  of  third  joint  reddish,  as  is  also  the 
base  of  the  arista.  Thorax  bluish,  more  or  less  shining:,  pollinose  posteriorly,  not 
opaque;  pleurae  more  shining  and  silvery;  njetanotum  black,  silvery  below. 
Scutellum  brownish,  shining,  but  brownish  pollinose  in  certain  aspects.  Knob 
of  halteres  black.  Abdomen  shining,  brownish;  base  of  first  segment  broadly 
whitish  pollinose;  hind  margins  of  second  and  following  segments  more  or  less 
narrowly  yellowish.  Genitalia  not  prominent,  similar  to  antennxpes  Say  in  that 
the  clasps  are  simple  (fig.  17).  AJl  femora  are  black  or  brown  ;  the  basal  third 
and  a  preapical  ring  of  hind  and  middle  femora,  not  oblique  (fig.  15),  translucent 
whitish-yellow;  the  fore  femora  with  an  indistinct  reddish  ring  just  beyond  the 
middle;  all  tibire  blackish;  anterior  tarsi  snow  white.  Wings  hyaline,  with  a 
blackish  cross-band  between  tlie  anterior  and  including  the  posterior  cross-veins  ; 
sometimes  a  trace  of  another  band  before  the  anterior  cross-vein  ;  a  blackish 
apical  spot,  darker  on  the  basal  margin,  and  more  or  less  hyaline  towards  the 
apex,  separated  from  the  preceding  band  by  about  the  width  of  the  band  (fig. 
16) ;  apical  cell  open  ;  anal  cell  long,  attenuate,  reaching  to  within  one-half  the 
length  of  the  posterior  cross-vein  from  the  margin.     Length  9-10  mm. 

Several  males.     Paramaribo,  Dutch  Guiana  (Mayo). 
This  species  can  be  readily  separated  from  angulata  Lw.  by  the 
characters  given  in  the  table,  and  by  the  above  description. 

Calobata  lai^civa  Fab.  (PI.  II,  fig.  18). 

Musca  Fabricius,  Ent.  Syst.  Suppl.,  574,  1798. 

Calobata,  Wiedmann,  Aus.  Zw.,  ii,  535,  1830. 
Similar  to  angulata  Lw.  Front  flattened  above;  the  black  velvety  median 
spot,  especially  of  the  9  is  more  pointed  and  nearly  reaching  the  antenna?;  ver- 
tex and  occiput  separated  by  a  distinct  ridge.  A  black  velvety  spot  between  the 
antenna;  and  the  eyes,  touching  the  latter.  Third  joint  of  antennae  yellowish- 
red  at  the  base,  on  the  inside.  Genitalia  similar  to  antemisepes  Say,  but  the 
clasps  of  male  are  stouter  and  wider  apart  on  a  broad  base.  The  preapical  rings 
on  the  middle  and  hind  femora  are  very  narrow,  and  not  at  all,  or  only  slightly, 
oblique;  fore  metatarsi  black.  Wings  similar,  but  the  apical,  lunate,  hyaline 
hand  is  nearer  the  apex;  the  apical  cell  closed;  anal  cell  not  as  long.  Length 
7.5-8  mm. 

Both  sexes.     Jamaica  (Johnson  and  Fox),  Lower  California. 

Mr.  Johnson  records  his  capture  and  gives  synonyms  in  hi.< 
list  of  the  "Diptera  of  Jamaica,"  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Pliila., 
271),  l.Si)4. 

Cardisicepliala  loiiKipcs  Fab. 

Mi(nc.a  Fal)iicius,  Ent.  Syst.,  iv,  338,  1794. 

Cardiacrphala  Macquart,  Dipt.  Exot.,  ii,  3,  243,  1843. 
<renerally  brownish.     Front  shining,  dark  brown,  with  an  opaque,  brown,  me- 
dian vitta,  in  which  are  situated  the  ocelli  about  midway  between  the  post-ver- 
ticals and  the  antennie;  sides  of  front,  especially  the  lower  portion,  wrinkled, 
with  three  frontal  bristles;    vertex   polished,  very  much   produced   posteriorly 


E.    T.    CRESSON,    JR.  11 

each  side  of  the  middle  vittii,  giving  the  head  a  condiform  shape  at  the  occiput 
when  seen  from  above;  the  outer  verticals  are  situated,  eacli,  at  the  extreme 
point  of  these  productions;  the  post-verticals  are  in  the  concaved  portion  at  the 
end  of  the  median  vitta  ;  another  pair,  the  inner  verticals,  are  situated  before 
these  post-verticals,  one  each  side  of  the  vitta.  Occiput  likewise  produced  poste- 
riprly,  polished,  dark  brown  below,  lighter  beneath  the  vertical  productions. 
Face  pearly  black,  very  short,  because  of  the  encroaching  of  the  oral  margin 
betweeti  the  antennal  fovea;;  a  nose-like  carina  is  distinct  between  the  antennae; 
a  black  velvety  spot  each  side  of  the  antennse,  with  a  whitish  spot  beneath; 
cheeks  linear,  yellowish  ;  clypeus  not  prominent,  brown.  Proboscis  yellow  to 
brown;  palpi  black.  AntenniP  longer  than  the  face,  black  ;  third  joint  four  to 
six  times  as  long  as  the  second,  cylindrical  to  about  two-thirds  its  length,  then 
suddenly  tapering  to  a  blunt  apex;  arista  brown,  with  long  pectinations  above. 
Thorax  brownish;  mesonotum  brown  pollinose;  one  post  dorsocentral,  one  post- 
alar,  one  supra-alar,  two  noto-pleurals.  Pleurae  more  shining,  whitish  below, 
more  or  less  yellowish  nearer  the  coxae  ;  sternopleura  with  a  series  of  fine,  long, 
brown  hairs;  metanotum  subshining,  whitish.  Scutellum  abruptly  produced 
above,  before  the  two  apical  bristles,  this  callus  being  brown  pollinose,  the  re.st 
polished.  Halteres  whitish,  knobs  black.  Abdomen  somewhat  brown  pollinose 
above,  excepting  the  shining  first  and  last  segments;  the  posterior  margins  of 
the  first  broadly,  and  the  following  segments,  narrowly,  whitish  margined. 
Genitalia  similar  to  Calobatn  antenvxpes  Say,  but  the  clasps  of  the  male  are  more 
flattened,  yellow  at  base,  black  at  the  tips  where  they  are  abruptly  bent  inwards, 
and  provided  with  minute  spines  on  their  inner  edges.  Ovipositor  of  female 
polished,  black.  Anterior  legs  blackish;  middle  and  posterior  legs  rufous  or 
yellowish;  posterior  femora  suddenly  thickened  just  beyond  the  middle,  taper- 
ing to  the  knees.  Wing  blackish  ;  hyaline  as  follows:  base  to  end  of  second  basal 
and  anal  cells,  a  band  over  the  anterior  cross-vein,  elongated,  a  rounded  spot  in 
the  submarginal  cell  at  end  of  second  vein,  another  beyond  in  the  closed  or 
nearly  closed  apical  cell,  and  another  beyond  the  posterior  cross-vein  ;  anal  cell 
short,  acute;  anterior  cross-vein  at  or  beyond  the  middle  of  the  discal  cell. 
Length  8-9  ram. 

Both  .sexes.     Piu-ainaribo,  Dutch   Guiana  (Mayo). 

The  three  elongated  spots  in  the  apical  portion  of  the  wings  are 
very  characteristic  of  this  species,  as  well  as  the  cordate  formation 
of  the  occiput.  The  wing  is  figured  by  Macquart,  and  his  figure  of 
the  head  shows  the  shape  of  the  vertex  very  well. 

Cardiacephala  niyriinex  Schiner,  Novara  Eeise,  255,  1868. 
!Male.     Paramaribo,  Dutch  Guiana  (^Mayo). 


TRANS.   AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  JANUARY.  1908. 


^2  AMERICAN    DIPTERA. 


EXPLANATION   OF  PLATE  L 


l.—Micropesa  (mbigna  n.  s.,  lateral  view  of  head. 

2 '•  "  lateral  view  of  abdomen  of  male. 

S,  —  Calobata  unwitta  Walk.,  genitalia  of  male. 

4. "  "  "       genitalia  of  female. 

o.—       "         a/e.sia  Walk.,  genitalia  of  male. 

6. "  "  "       genitalia  of  female. 

7. —       '<         antenna'.pe.^  Say,  genitalia  of  male. 
8_ "  "  "     genitalia  of  female. 


EXPLANATION  OF   PLATE   II. 


Fig.  9.—CaIob(itu  antenniepes  Say,  clasps  of  male. 

'•  10 —  "  nebalosa  Lw.,  clasps  of  male. 

"  11. —  "  ichneumonea  Brauer,  clasps  of  male. 

"  12. —  "  avgulata  Lw.,  clasps  of  male. 

"  i3._  "  "  ■'     wing. 

"  i4_ —  "  "  "     hind  femnr. 

"  15. —  '•  aiiniilatn  Fab.,  hind  femur. 

"  16.—  "  ••  "      wing. 

"  i7_ —  '•  '■  "     clasps  of  male. 

"  18. —  '•  liixcivd  Fab.,  clasps  of  male. 


Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Vol.  XXXIV, 


PI.  I. 


E.  T.   CRESSON,  JR.,  ON   DIPTERA. 


Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  Vul.  XXXIV 


PI.  II. 


i  10. 


17. 


E.  T.  CRESSON,   JR.     ON    DIPTERA. 


ROLAND    HAYWARD.  13 

STUDIES    IX    AMARA.« 

BY    ROLAND    HAYWARD. 

During  the  past  few  years  a  large  part  of  my  leisure  time  has 
been  devoted  to  a  study  of  the  North  American  species  of  Amara. 
At  first  I  had  intended  to  confine  myself  to  a  revision  of  the  sub- 
genus Cyrtonotus  Steph.  (Leirns  Zimm.),  but  gradually  the  field  has 
been  extended  until  all  the  subgenera  represented  in  our  fauna  have 
been  included,  with  the  single  exception  of  Celia  Zimm.,  the  latter 
having  been  thoroughly  reviewed  by  the  late  Dr.  Horn  souie  years 
ago.f  Triama  Lee.  was  also  studied  by  Horn  at  the  same  time,^ 
but  for  several  reasons  it  has  been  deemed  advisable  to  include  it  in 
the  present  paper. 

In  the  course  of  my  work  I  have  been  much  indebted  to  many 
kind  friends  and  correspondents  who  have  aided  me  in  various 
ways,  and  to  them  I  would  express  my  gratitude. 

Through  the  kindness  of  my  friend,  Mr.  Samuel  Henshaw,  of  the 
Museum  of  Comparative  Zoology  at  Cambridge,  I  have  at  all  times 
had  ready  access  to  the  LeConte  collection,  a  privilege  of  inestimable 
value.  To  Dr.  L.  O.  Howard  and  Mr.  E.  A.  Schwarz  of  Washing- 
ton, who  have  placed  in  my  hands  for  study  all  the  specimens  of 
Cyrtonotus  in  the  collection  of  the  National  Museum,  1  am  also 
under  deep  obligations,  while  to  Dr.  Skinner  of  Philadelphia  I  am 
indebted  for  the  privilege  of  examining  the  Horn  collection,  now 
a  part  of  that  of  the  American  Entomological  Society. 

My  thanks  are  also  due  to  Messrs.  Frederick  Blanchard,  F.  C. 
Bowditch,  H.  C.  Fall,  Chas.  Liebeck  and  H.  F.  Wickham  for  the 
loan,  in  many  cases,  of  their  entire  material  for  several  years,  as 
well  as  to  Dr.  F.  E.  Blaisdell  and  Messrs.  P.  G.  Bolster,  John  D. 
Evans,  Th.  Gotzelmaun,  F.  Knaus,  J.  D.  Sherman,  Jr.,  and  F.  xV., 
Sherriff  for  the  loan  and  gift  of  specimens. 

Assistance  haS  also  been  rendered  by  Herr  Edmund  Keitter  of 
Paskau,  who  has  kindly  loaned  me  examples  of  all  of  the  European 
and  of  several  Siberian  species  of  Cyrtonotus. 

*  This  paper  was  practically  complete  at  the  time  of  Mr.  Hayward's  death, 
April  11,  1906.  A  few  lines  have  been  supplied  from  the  original  descriptions 
or  from  Mr.  Hay  ward's  notes. — Samuel  Henshaw. 

t  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  1892,  xix,  pp.  19-40. 

i  Ibid.,  pp.  18-19. 

TBANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  JANUARY,  1908. 


14  AMERICAN    COLEOPTKRA. 

In  many  respects  Amara  is  one  of  the  most  difficult  genera  of  the 
Carabidse.  Altliough  the  members  of  certain  of  the  subgenera  are 
easily  recognizable  as  such,  there  are  others  the  species  of  which 
resemble  each  other  very  closely.  Indeed,  in  those  that  are  distin- 
guished by  differences  in  the  secondary  male  characters,  as,  for  inst- 
ance, Aviara  proper  and  Celia,  there  is  often  much  diffiiculty  in 
determining  to  which  subgenus  a  female  should  be  referred  when 
unaccompanied  by  specimens  of  the  opposite  sex.  In  all  the  sub- 
genera of  whicii  the  species  are  numerous,  there  are  several  bearing 
a  close  resemblance  to  each  other,  while  in  some,  the  extreme  forms 
of  which  are  quite  easily  recognizable,  the  specific  characters  are 
subject  to  variation  and  specimens  occur  which  can  only  be  doubt- 
fully placed.  This  is  especially  the  case  in  Cyrtonotvs,  some  species 
of  which,  as  laticollis,  carinata  and  adstrieta,  ai'e  almost  incapable 
of  definition.  The  genus  as  a  whole  is  singularly  devoid  of  those 
minor  characters  such  as  dorsal  punctures,  differences  in  color  and 
markings,  spots,  elytral  fovese,  etc.,  which  are  often  of  great  service 
in  the  separation  of  closely  allied  species.  As  Dr.  Horn  says  with 
regard  to  Celia,  species  "  can  be  properly  studied  by  series  of  speci- 
mens and  not  by  uniques,  except  they  be  typically  selected." 

It  may  perhaps  be  well  to  mention  the  more  important  structural 
characters  used  in  the  classification  of  our  species. 

The  form  of  the  mentum  tooth  has  been  used  by  Zimmermann, 
and  after  him,  by  many  authors  as  a  primary  character  for  the  sub- 
division of  the  genus.  In  a  large  majority  of  the  species  the  tooth 
is  bifid  or  emarginate  at  tip,  while  in  those  referred  to  Amathitis 
Zimm.  and  Acroclon  Zimm.  it  is  entire.  Horn  has  observed  a  ten- 
dency to  variation  in  the  depth  of  the  emargiuation  of  some  of  our 
species  of  Celia,  and  has  regarded  Acrodon  as  a  group  of  species  of 
that  subgenus.  Putzeys  has  noted  that  the  form  of  the  acute  tooth 
is  subject  to  variation  in  Amathitis,  which  is,  however,  not  repre- 
sented in  our  fauna. 

The  antennaj  are  usually  slender.  In  one  species  of  C'yrtonotus 
they  are  distinctly  thickened.  In  certain  species  of  Amara  s.  s.  the 
second  and  third  joints  are  somewhat  compressed  and  carinate;  a 
character  of  considerable  importance. 

But  little  variation  is  to  be  seen  in  the  palpi.  In  A.  arenaria 
Lee.  the  last  joint  is  slightly  swollen  and  acuminate  at  tip. 

The  frontal  grooves  are  short,  sometimes  almost  punctiform  and 
often  feebly  impressed.     .4.  hamatopa  Dej.  (similis  Kirby)  is,  how- 


ROLAND    HAYWARD.  15 

ever,  an  exception,  the  grooves  in  that  species  being  h)ng  and  ex- 
tending forward  on  to  the  epistoma. 

Both  supra-orbital  setae  are  present  in  all  our  species.  In  three 
European  species,  liowever,  the  anterior  is  wanting;  while  in  one 
both  setae  are  absent.     These  all  belong  to  the  subgenus  Leirides. 

The  form  of  the  prothorax,  whether  wider  or  not  in  front  of  base, 
is  of  great  importance  in  the  arrangement  of  the  subgenera,  while 
several  useful  characters  are  afforded  by  that  member  for  the  sepa- 
ration of  species. 

No  characters  higher  than  specific  are  derived  from  the  elytra. 

From  the  under  side  of  the  body  several  useful  characters  are 
derived.  In  most  of  the  subgenera  the  prosternum  is  distinctly 
margined  at  tip,  the  margin  being  absent,  however,  in  two  of  those 
occurring  in  our  fjiuna,  Cyrtonotus  and  Leironotns,  as  also  in  Lei- 
rides, of  which  we  have  no  representative.  In  several  groups  of 
Celia  the  tip  of  the  prosternum  is  furnished  with  setigerous  punc- 
tures. These  are  usually  two  in  number,  but  in  the  obesa  group  as 
defined  by  Dr.  Horn,  which  is  the  equivalent  of  Percosia  Zimm., 
the  tip  is  plurisetose.  I  have  not  detected  these  punctures  in  our 
other  subgenera.  The  punctuation  of  the  sterna  and  their  para- 
pleurae,  as  well  as  of  the  ventral  segments,  is  often  of  service,  but  in 
some  instances  the  value  of  tliese  chai'acters  has,  I  think,  been  over- 
estimated. Leirides  has  been  separated  by  Putzeys  on  tlie  form  of 
the  metasternal  episterna. 

Tlie  legs  afford  several  ciiaracters  of  value.  Tricena  is  defined  by 
th.e  trifid  terminal  spur  of  the  anterior  tibiae,  the  spur  being  simple 
in  tlie  other  subgenera.  The  number  of  setigerous  punctures  along 
the  inner  margin  of  the  femora  has  often  been  of  service.  In  Cyrto- 
notus the  posterior  tarsi,  whether  grooved  or  not  on  the  outer  side, 
have  aided  in  the  separation  of  species. 

The  secondary  sexual  characters  are  well  marked.  In  all  our 
species  the  first  thi-ee  joints  of  the  anterior  tarsi  are  more  or  less 
dilated  in  the  males  and  biseriately  squamulose  beneath.  In  most 
of  them  the  last  ventral  segment  has  one  setigerous  puncture  each 
side  of  the  apex  in  the  males,  two  in  the  females.  Tlie  only  excep- 
tions among  our  species  occur  in  the  subgenus  Celia,  a  moderate 
number  of  which  have  two  setae  each  side  in  both  .sexes.  Several 
other  characters  occurring  in  the  males  of  certain  species  may  be 
mentioned.     These  consist  chiefly  in  the  dentation  of   the  middle 

TKANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  JANUARY.  1908. 


16  AMERICAN    COLEOPTERA. 

tibijB,  the  presence  of  pubescence  on  the  inner  side  of  the  posterior 
tibije,  and  the  existence  of  a  fovea,  groove,  deep  puncture,  or  punc- 
tured area  near  the  middle  of  the  prosternum.  They  afford  useful 
means  for  the  definition  of  subgenera,  groups  of  species  and  species. 

Amard  is  included  in  the  tribe  Pterostichini  as  defined  by  Horn. 
From  the  other  genera  of  the  tribe  represented  in  our  fauna,  except 
Evarthrus,  it  is  distinguished  by  the  form  of  the  labial  palpi,  tlie 
terminal  joint  of  which  is  shorter  than  the  penultimate,  the  latter 
plurisetose  in  front.  From  Evarthrus  it  may  be  recognized  by  the 
absence  of  a  dorsal  puncture  on  the  elytra.  Its  geographical  distri- 
bution is  very  wide,  extending  over  the  whole  of  the  Palsearctic  and 
Nearctic  regions.  A  number  of  species  are  confined  to  high  lati- 
tudes and  alpine  regions. 

As  now  generally  adopted  its  classification  is  based  upon  tlie 
studies  of  Zimmermann,  successively  modified  by  those  of  LeConte, 
Putzeys,  Schaum,  Horn  and  Ganglbauer.  By  the  first  named 
author  the  genus  was  divided  into  eight  groups,  which  were  regarded 
by  him  as  genera,  while  by  later  authors  they  have  been  variously 
treated  as  genera,  subgenera  or  groups. 

Before  passing  to  the  study  of  our  sjjecies,  it  may  be  remarked 
that  this  paper  lays  no  claim  to  be  an  exhaustive  monograph  of  the 
subgenera  treated.  Such  a  work  wouhl  be  impossible  without  a 
thorough  study  of  foreign  material  and  comparison  of  types.  I 
have  merely  attempted  to  present  the  results  of  my  studies  in  such 
form  as  to  assist  in  tlie  recognition  of  our  species,  and  it  is  hoped 
that  a  step  has  been  made  toward  a  rational  arrangement  of  those 
of  which  synoptic  tables  have  not  heretofore  been  published.  In 
the  tables  of  those  subgenera  that  have  been  studied  by  previous 
writers,  I  have,  of  course,  drawn  largely  upon  their  work,  with  such 
mollifications  as  have  seemed  necessary. 

The  genus,  as  represented  in  our  fauna,  may  be  divided  into  the 
following  subgenera,  which  may  thus  be  defined  : 

Prosternum  marfrined  at  tip 2. 

Prosternum  not  margined  at  tip;  prothorax  wider  in  front  of  base;  apical  spur 
of  anterior  til)ite  simi)ie;  bind  tibia-  not  pubescent  on  the  inner  side 
in  the  males. 
.Middle  tibiie  dentate  or  bisinuate  on  the  inner  side  in  the  males;  form  elon- 

git^e i.  C'yrtoiiutii!<<  Ste))!). 

Middle  tibise  simjile  in  i)oth  sexes;  form  more  robust. 

ii.  LeironotiiM  Ganglb, 


ROLAND    HAYWARD.  17 

2.  Anterior  tibire  with  tlie  apical  spur  simple 3. 

Anterior  tibite  with  tlie  apical  spur  trifid  ;  prothorax  not  wider  in  front  of  base  : 

hind  tibiiB  pubescent  on  the  inner  side  in  the  males... .v.  Triseiia  Lee. 

3.  Prothorax  distinctly  wider  in  front  of  base 4. 

Prothorax  not  or  scarcely  perceptibly  wider  in  front  of  base 5. 

4.  Posterior  tibiie  not  distinctly  pubescent  on  the  inner  side  in  the  males. 

iii.  lieiocnenii!^  Zimm. 
Posterior  tibia;  distinctly  jnibeseent  on  the  inner  side  in  the  males. 

iv.  ISradytu»$  Zimm. 

5.  Posterior  tibite  distinctly  pubescent  on  the  inner  side  in  tiie  males. 

vi.  Ainara  s.  s. 
Posterior  tibije  not  distinctly  pubescent  on  the  inner  side  in  the  males. 

vii.  Celia  Zimm. 

Subgenus  C'YRTOXOTl'S  Steph. 

Prothorax  distinctly  wider  iu  front  of  ba.?e.  Prosternuui  not 
margined  at  tip.  Anterior  tibiie  with  the  apical  spur  simple. 
Males  with  the  middle  tihiw  dentate  or  bisiiiuate  on  the  inner  side. 
Posterior  tibioe  not  pubescent  on  the  inner  side  in  the  males. 

The  present  subgenus  includes  our  largest  and  most  elongate  spe- 
cies. Morphologically  it  is  separable  from  Leironotns  only  by  the 
structure  of  the  middle  tibiae  of  the  males,  while  for  its  separation 
from  the  other  subgenera  represented  in  our  fauna  an  additional 
character  is  afforded  by  the  absence  of  a  margin  at  the  tip  of  the 
presternum.  The  species  composing  it  cannot,  however,  be  confused 
with  any  of  the  others,  and,  in  fact,  it  forms  one  of  the  extremes  of 
the  genus,  some  of  its  members  bearing  a  much  greater  superficial 
resemblance  to  Ptero^iichus  than  to  the  other  subgenera. 

Some  differences  occur  among  the  species  in  the  dentation  of  the 
middle  tibite  of  the  males.  In  all  those  occurring  in  North  Ameiica, 
except  .1.  hamatopa  Dej.  (simiiis  Kirby),  they  are  bidentate  on  the 
inner  side,  w'lMe  in  the  latter  they  are  feebly  bisinuate.  The  species 
differ  to  so  iie  extent  in  the  relative  positions  and  prominence  of  the 
teeth.  ^1  one  European  species,  ^4.  auliea  Panz.,  the  middle  tibia' 
are  tri   entate. 

Ii  addition  to  the  difference  in  the  structure  of  the  middle  tibia', 
th«  sexes  are  readily  distinguishable  by  the  dilation  of  the  anterior 
ta,rsi  of  the  males  and  the  difference  in  the  number  of  anal  sette,  of 
which  there  are  two  each  side  in  the  femtiles,  one  in  the  males. 

Nearly  all  the  species  of  this  subgenus  are  northern  in  their  dis- 
tribution, being  represented  in  both  the  pahearctic  and  nearctic 
regions.     Several  species  have  been  described  from  North  America 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (3)  FEBRU  A  K Y.  1908. 


18  AMERICAX    COLEOPTERA. 

which  remain  unrecognized  in  this  country.  The  orignal  descrip- 
tions will  be  found  in  the  appendix,  as  the  works  in  which  they 
were  published  are  not  readily  accessible  to  a  majority  of  our  stu- 
dents. The  species  known  to  me  as  occurring  in  our  fauna  are 
quite  numerous,  but  many  are  not  capable  of  easy  definition.  The 
following  table  is  the  best  I  have  been  able  to  devise  after  a  long 
study  of  a  large  amount  of  material : 

Antennae  slender;  frontal  grooves  short,  not  extending  anteriorly  on  to  the  epis 
toma ;  middle  tibiie  bideutate  on  the  inner  side  in  the  males 2 

Antennie  thickened  ;  frontal  grooves  long,  extending  anteriorly  on  the  epistoma 
middle  tibije  feebly  bisinuate  on  the  inner  side  in  the  males 9 

2.  Thorax  narrower  at  base  than  apex 3 

Thorax  as  wide  at  base  as  apex 5 

Thorax  wider  at  base  than  apex 8 

3.  Thorax  very  distinctly  narrower  at  base  than  apex;  middle  and  hind  tarsi 

with  the  three  basal. joints  deeply  grooved  ou  the  outer  side. 

Black;  sides  of  prosternuni  coarsely  punctured  ;  thorax  with  tlie  sides  sinu- 
ate immediately  in  front  of  the  hind  angles;  males  with  the  teeth  of 
the  middle  tibise  smaller  and  much  nearer  the  apex  than  usual. 
Length  .57-.62  inch 1.  pteroslicliina  n.  sp. 

Rufous  or  rufo-piceous;  sides  of  prosternuni  obsoletely  punctured  ;  sides  of 
thorax  sinuate  some  distance  in  front  of  the  hind  angles;  middle  tibia; 
normally  dentate  in  the  males.     Length  .45-. 54  inch. 

2.  tlioracica  n.  sp. 
Thorax  slightly  narrower  at  base  than  apex. 

Posterior  tarsi  not  grooved  on  the  outer  side 4. 

Posterior  tarsi  with  the  two  basal  joints  grooved  on  the  outer  side;  middle 
and  hind  femora  with  two  or  three  setigerous  punctures  along  the 
inner  margin;  thorax  about  one-half  wider  than  long.  Length  .42- 
50  inch 3.  blancliardi  n.  sp. 

4.  Middle  and  hind  femora  with  four  or  five  setigerous   punctures   along   the 

inner  margin  ;  legs  rufous  or  rufo-piceous. 
Slender;  thorax  nearly  twice  as  wide  as  long,  basal  impressions  bifoveate, 
the  fovese  .subconfluent.     Length  .45-. 50  inch. . .  .4.  jac'obiiia  Leo. 
More  robust;  basal  impressions  of  thorax  with  the  inner  fovea'  obsolete,  the 

outer  distinct.     Length  .48-. 50  inch 5.  isliipicla  Lee. 

Middle  and  hind  femora  with  two  setigerous  punctures  along  the  inner  margin; 
thorax  with  the  basal  impressions  bifoveate,  the  inner  fovea  punc- 
tate, the  outer  usually  impunctate  or  more  sparsely  punctured  ;  legs 
dark  piceous  or  black.     Length  .48-55  inch  ...  .6.  l»ow<lilc*lii  n.  sp. 

5.  Hind  angles  of  thorax  acutely  carinate 6. 

Hind  angles  of  thorax  obtusely  carinate 7. 

6.  Hind  tarsi  not  grooved  on  the  outer  side. 

Thorax  with  the  sides  strongly  rounded  nearly  to  base,  suddenly  and 
strongly  sinuate  in  front  of  the  hind  angles,  which  are  acute,  base 
strongly  einarginate;  form  more  convex.     Length  ,45  ..')4  inch. 

7.  aditlric-ta  Putz. 


ROLAND    HAYWARD.  19 

Thorax  with  the  sides  rounded,  distinctly  sinuate  some  distance  in  fnmt  of 
base  which  is  slightly  eniarginate,  hind  angles  subacute  ;  form  broader, 

less  convex.     Length  .45-. 57  inch 8.  lsilicolli!<»  Lee. 

Thorax  with  the  sides  less  strongly  rounded,  rather  feebly  sinuate  in 
front  of  the  hind  angles,  which  are  rectangular,  base  feebly  emar- 
ginate ;  form  nearly  as  in  laticolUs.     Length  .45. -.55  inch. 

9.  cariuata  Lee. 

Form    very  elongate,  nearly  parallel ;   thorax   widest   in    front   of  middle, 

sides  rounded  in  front,  sinuate  behind,  hind  angles  rectangular,  base 

feebly  emarginate;  elytra  twice  as  long  as  wide,  usually  with  slight 

metallic  lustre  in  the  males.     Length  .45-.50  inch. 

10.  rufiniaiia  Kirby. 
Hind  tarsi  with  the  two  basal  joints  rather  feebly  grooved  on  the  outer  side; 
thorax  widest  at  middle,  sides  rounded  nearly  to  base,  sinuate  in  front 
of  the  hind  angles  which  are  rectangular.     Length  .37-.44  inch. 

11.  cylimlrioa  Lee. 
,  Thorax  with  the  sides  sinuate  behind,  hind  angles  rectangular;  posterior  tarsi 
with  the  three  basal  joints  gi'ooved  on  the  outer  side. 
Form  elongate,  feebly  convex,  subparallel ;  middle  tibiae  of  the  males  with  the 
teeth  much  nearer  the  apex  than  usual.     Length  .33-. 35  inch. 

12.  hiidsonica  n.  sp. 
Form  more  robust;  middle  tibia;  of  males  normally  dentate. 
Basal  impressions  of  thorax  with  the  fovea*  slightly  oblique,  convex,  nearly 
black,  slightly  aiueous.     Length  .38-. 42  inch. 

13.  eNClischoltzi  Chaud. 

Basal  impressions  of  thorax  with  the  foveje  perpendicular  to  the  base;  less 

convex,  the  elytra  slightly  flattened  on  the  disk;  thorax  more  deeply 

emarginate  at  apex,  black;  elytra  usually  brownish.     Length  .38-. 44 

inch 14.  melanogaslrica  Dej. 

Thorax  with  the  sides  at  most  obsuletely  sinuate  in  front  of  the  hind  angles 
which  are  obtuse,  black ;  the  elytra  often  brownish  ;  hind  tarsi  with 
the  three  basal  joints  not  or  very  feebly  grooved  on  the  outer  side. 

Length  .33-.45  inch 15.  briinnipennis  Dej. 

.  Thorax  very  slightly  wider  at  base  than  apex,  elongate,  convex,  nigro- 
piceous;  sides  of  thorax  arcuate  in  front,  sinuate  behind,  hind  angles 
rectangular,  acutely  carinate;  legs  rufopiceous,  three  basal  joints  of 
hind  tarsi  grooved  on  the  outer  side.     Length  .44  inch. 

16.  iiifaiiJitta  Lee. 

Thorax  distinctly  wider  at  base  than  apex. 

Elongate,  rufopiceous  or  piceous ;    thorax    slightly  wider   than    long,   sides 

arcuate,  obsoletely  sinuate  in   front  of  the  hind  angles,  which  are 

obtuse  and  very  obtusely  carinate;  elytra  distinctly  wider  than  the 

thorax,  finely  striate,  the  striae  finely  punctate  in  front  of  middle; 

legs  rufous  or  rufopiceous.     Length  .44-.46  inch.  .17.  elongata  Lee. 

Robust,  piceous;  thorax  less  than  one-half  wider  than  long,  sides  arcuate, 

sinuate  in  front  of  the  hind  angles  which  are  rectangular  and  acutely 

carinate;    elytra  scarcely  wider  than  the  tliorax,  deeply  striate,  the 

striae    deeply   punctate,    more    finely   at   apex  ;    legs    rufotestaceous. 

Length  .40-.47  inch.  .18.  pen nsy Ivan ica  Xobis  (fulvipes  ||  Putz.). 

TEANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  FEBRUARY,  1908. 


20  AMKRICAN    COLEOPTERA. 

9.  Elongate,  black,  above  greenisli  or  bronzed  'J,,  nearly  black  ?;  tliorax  one- 
half  wider  than  long,  as  wide  at  base  as  apex,  slightly  narrower  than 
the  elytra;  posterior  tarsi  with  the  first  joint  grooved  on  the  outer 
side;  femora  piceous,  tibiae  and  tarsi  rufopiceous.  Length  .40-.52 
inch 19.  hsematopa  Dej.   {fimilis  Kby.). 

1.  A.  pteroititicliina  n.  sp.— Elongate,  feebly  convex,  the  elytra  slightly 
flattened  on  the  disk.  Color  black,  shining.  Head  as  wide  as  the  thorax  at 
apex;  frontal  grooves  deep,  punctiforni,  not  extending  forward  on  to  the  epis- 
tonia;  antennte  slender,  slightly  shorter  than  the  head  and  thorax,  piceous,  the 
first  three  joints  slightly  paler;  palpi  rufopiceous.  Prothorax  subcordate,  rather 
more  than  one-half  wider  than  long,  distinctly  narrower  at  base  than  apex, 
coarsely  punctate  at  base  and  apex,  more  densely  at  base;  apex  truncate,  the 
anterior  angles  rounded,  not  prominent;  transverse  impressions  distinct;  median 
line  distinct,  abbreviated  in  front;  basal  impressions  broad,  deep,  obsoletely 
bifoveate;  base  truncate;  sides  with  the  margin  narrowly  reflesed,  strongly 
arcuate,  suddenly  and  strongly  sinuate  a  short  distance  in  front  of  the  hind 
angles,  which  are  subacute,  prominent  and  rather  finely  carinate.  Elytra  rather 
more  than  one-half  longer  than  wide,  scarcely  wider  than  the  thorax,  sub- 
parallel,  deeply  striate ;  strife  entire,  distinctly  punctate  lo  behind  the  middle, 
the  scutellar  stria  long,  the  eighth  with  the  row  of  ocellate  punctures  widely 
interrupted  at  middle;  intervals  feebly  convex.  Body  beneath  piceous  or  nearly 
black;  sides  of  prosternum  coarsely  punctured;  metasternal  epistoma  impunc- 
tate.  Legs  piceous;  middle  and  hind  fenioia  with  two  setigerous  jmnctures 
along  the  inner  margin;  middle  and  posterior  tarsi  with  the  three  basal  joints 
deeply  grooved  on  the  outer  side.    Length  .57-. 62  inch  ;  14.25-15.5  mm. 

In  the  inale.s  the  middle  tibite  are  les.s  strongly  bidentate  than 
usnai,  the  teeth  being  much  smaller  and  situated  nearer  the  ajjex 
than  in  most  species,  while  the  lower  tooth  is  usually  slightly  more 
prominent  than  the  upper. 

The  grooves  on  the  middle  and  hind  tarsi  observable  in  this  and 
the  next  species,  and  less  markedly  in  some  of  our  other  Cyrtonoti, 
recall  a  similar  structure  seen  in  many  species  of  Pterostichus ;  the 
grooves  not  being  double,  however,  as  in  the  latter  genus.  The 
coarse  punctuation  at  the  sides  of  the  prosternum  seems  unique.  In 
facies  it  beai-s  a  strong  resemblance  to  certain  Pterostichi. 

I  have  carefully  compare*!  it  with  the  description  of  Cnrtonotutf 
puizeysi  Bates  (Proc.  Zool.  Soc,  1878,  p.  600)  from  Mexico.  The 
latter  is  described  as  having  the  middle  tibije  without  teeth  on  the 
inner  side  in  the  male.  These,  although  small  and  inconspicuous, 
are,  however,  pre.-^ent  in  pterostichina.  The  two  species  difler  also 
in  size,  and  the  present  one  posesses  several  characters  of  importance 
not  mentioned  in  the  description  oi'  puizeysi. 

It  may  pcrhiips  l)e  well  to  note  in  passing,  that,  unle.<s  Cijrtcnotus 


ROLAND    ITAYWARD.  21 

and  Bradytuft  are  to  he  regarded  as  generically  di.stiiict,  the  name 
putzeysi  is  preoccupied  (Horn,  Tiaiis.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  1875,  v,  p.  129). 

Nine  examples,  including  specimens  of  hoth  sexes,  are  known  to 
me.  The  type  is  a  male  and  is  in  my  own  cahinet.  Co-types  exist 
in  the  collections  of  Messrs.  Blanchard,  Fall  and  Wickham,  and  in 
the  Museum  of  Comparative  Zoology  and  the  National  Museum. 

It  occurs  in  New  Mexico  and  Arizona. 

2.  A.  ttlorHCica  ti.  sp. — Form  elongate,  scarcely  convex,  the  elytra  some- 
wliat  flattened  on  the  disk.  Color  rufopiceous,  shining.  Head  as  wide  as  the 
thorax  at  apex  ;  frontal  grooves  deep,  foveiforni,  not  extending  anteriorly  on  to 
the  epistoma  ;  antennje  slender,  nearly  as  long  as  the  head  and  thorax,  ferrugin- 
ous; palpi  ferruginous.  Prothorax  suhcordate,  about  one-half  wider  than  long, 
much  narrower  at  base  than  apex,  rather  sparsely  punctate  at  apex,  more 
densely  at  base  ;  apex  subtruncate,  the  anterior  angles  not  prominent ;  transverse 
impressions  feeble;  median  line  fine,  usually  abbreviated  at  each  end,  sometimes 
extending  to  base;  basal  impressions  broad,  deep,  obsoletely  bifoveate  ;  base  sub- 
truncate;  sides  strongly  arcuate,  very  distinctly  sinuate  behind,  the  margin  nar- 
rowly reflexed  ;  hind  angles  prominent,  subacute  and  rather  finely  carinate. 
Elytra  subparallel,  together  scarcely  wider  than  the  thorax  and  less  than  twice 
as  long  as  wide,  deeply  striate;  strise  entire,  strongly  punctate  to  behind  tlie 
middle,  the  scutellar  stria  long,  the  eighth  with  the  row  of  ocellate  punctures 
broadly  interrupted  at  middle;  intervals  nearly  flat;  humeri  feebly  subangulate. 
Body  beneath  rufopiceous;  sides  of  prosternum  at  most  obsoletely  jiuiictate; 
metasternal  episterna,  sides  of  metasternum  and  of  first  and  second  ventral  seg- 
ments punctured.  Legs  rufopiceous;  middle  and  hind  tarsi  with  the  three  basal 
joints  distinctly  grooved  externally.     Length  .45-. 54  inch  ;  11.25-13.5  mm. 

Tlie  males  have  tiie  middle  tibite  normally  dentate  on  the  inner  side. 

i\[ost  nearly  related  to  pterosfi china,  but  readily  distinguishable 
by  several  cliaracters,  among  which  the  different  color,  smaller  size, 
thorax  sinuate  for  a  much  longer  distance  in  front  of  the  hind 
angles,  and  lack  of  distinct  punctuation  on  the  sides  of  the  proster- 
num may  be  mentioned,  as  well  as  the  normally  dentate  middle 
tibiie  of  the  males.   It  seems  to  lead  towards  blanchardi  and  jacobina. 

The  number  of  setigerous  punctures  along  the  inner  margin  of 
the  middle  and  hind  femora  is  not  constant  in  this  species.  In  most 
specimens  there  are  either  two  or  three  on  each  femur,  but  as  many 
as  five  have  been  seen  in  one  specimen,  while  in  several  the  number 
is  different  on  the  two  sides. 

The  type  is  from  Colorado  Spi-ings,  Colorado,  is  a  male,  and  is  in 
my  own  collection.  Cotypes  occur  in  the  National  Mu.^eum  and 
Museum  of  Comparative  Zoology,  as  well  as  in  the  collections  of 
Prof.  F.  H.  Snow  and  Mr.  "Wickham. 

TE.\NS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  FEBRUARY,   1908. 


22  AMERICAN    COLEOPTERA. 

It  is  known  to  rae  from  southern  Wyoming,  Colorado  Springs 
and  Buena  Vista,  Colorado,  New  Mexico,  Holbrook,  Arizona,  and 
Nevada.  A  specimen  has  also  been  seen  labelled  "North-west 
Territories  of  Canada." 

A.  blancliardi  n.  sp. — Form  and  color  nearly  as  iu  jacobina  Lee.  Thorax 
longer  in  proportion  to  its  width,  being  about  one-half  wider  than  long,  more 
strongly  constricted  behind  and  less  densely  punctured  at  base  and  apex,  with 
the  basal  impressions  distinctly  bifoveate;  side  margin  narrower;  transverse 
impressions  feeble,  median  line  distinct,  abbreviated  in  front;  hind  angles 
prominent,  rectangular  and  acutely  carinate.  Elytra  together  scarcely  wider 
than  the  thorax  and  nearly  twice  as  long  as  wide,  striate;  striae  entire  and  dis- 
tinctly punctate  to  behind  the  middle,  the  eighth  with  the  row  of  ocellate  punc- 
tures broadly  interrupted  at  middle;  intervals  flat ;  humeri  subangulate.  Met- 
episterna  impuuctate  or  with  a  few  sparse  punctures.  Legs  rufous  or  piceo- 
rufous;  middle  and  posterior  femora  with  two  or  three  setigerous  punctures 
along  the  inner  margin  ;  two  basal  joints  of  the  middle  and  hind  tarsi  grooved 
on  the  outer  side.     Length  .42-.50  inch  ;  10.5-12.5  mm. 

In  the  above  brief  description  I  have  indicated  the  salient  points 
of  difference  between  this  species  and  jacobina,  with  which  it  has 
been  confused  in  collections.  The  thoracic  differences,  the  grooved 
basal  joints  of  the  middle  and  hind  tarsi  and  the  different  number 
of  setigerous  punctures  of  the  femora  serve  to  separate  it  quite 
readily  from  the  latter  species. 

The  middle  tibise  of  the  males  are  distinctly  bidentate,  the  upper 
tooth  being  much  the  more  prominent  and  situated  about  the  mid- 
dle, the  lower  about  midway  between  it  and  the  apex. 

It  is  with  pleasure  that  I  dedicate  this  species  to  my  friend  Mr. 
Frederick  Blanchard,  of  Tyngsboro,  Mass.,  as  a  slight  token  of 
regard  and  of  gratitude  for  assistance  and  many  favors. 

Over  twenty-five  specimens  have  been  studied.  The  type,  which 
is  a  male,  is  in  my  own  cabinet  and  is  from  Provo,  Utah.  Cotypes 
are  to  be  found  in  the  Museum  of  Comparative  Zoology,  the 
National  Museum,  and  in  the  collections  of  Messrs.  Blanchard, 
Bowditch,  Fall,  Liebeck  and  Wickham. 

It  occurs  in  Nebra.ska,  Wyoming,  Colorado,  New  Mexico,  Utah, 
Nevada  and  eastern   California. 

4.  A.Javobiiiai  Lee. — Form  moderately  elongate,  feebly  convex,  the  elytra 
more  or  less  flattened  on  the  disk.  Color  piceous  or  nearly  black,  the  surface 
shining  in  the  males,  finely  alutaceous  in  the  females.  Head  nearly  as  wide  as 
the  thorax  at  apex  ;  frontal  grooves  short,  not  extending  forward  on  to  the  epi- 
tonia;  autennte  slender,  nearly  as  long  as  the  head  and  thorax,  ferruginous; 
palpi  ferruginous.     Prothorax  nearly  twice  as  wide  as  long,  subcordate,  slightly 


ROLAND    HAYWARD.  23 

narrower  at  base  than  apex,  usually  distinctly  punctured  at  base  and  apex,  rarely 
feebly  so  at  apex;  apex  feebly  emargrnate,  the  anterior  angles  rounded,  not 
prominent;  transverse  impressions  rather  feeble;  median  line  abbreviated  in 
front;  basal  impressions  broad,  deep,  bifoveate,  the  fovese  subeonfluent;  base 
subtrnncate;  sides  arcuate,  sinuate  in  front  of  the  hind  angles,  which  are  rec- 
tangular and  strongly  carinate  ;  margin  wider  than  in  hlanchardi  and  translucent. 
Elytra  together  scarcely  wider  than  the  thorax  and  less  than  twice  as  long  as 
wide,  deeply  striate ;  strise  entire,  punctate  nearly  to  apex,  less  deeply  behind 
the  middle,  the  scutellar  stria  long,  the  eighth  with  the  row  of  ocellate  punc- 
tures rather  widely  interrupted  at  middle;  intervals  feebly  convex;  humeri 
feebly  subangulate.  Body  beneath  piceous  or  nearly  black  ;  meso-  and  meta- 
sternal  episterna  and  sides  of  metasternum  rather  sparsely  punctured.  Legs 
dark  rufous  or  rufopiceous,  the  inner  margin  of  the  middle  and  hind  femora 
with  four  or  five  setigerous  punctures;  tarsi  not  grooved  on  the  outer  side. 
Length  .45-.50  inch  ;  11.25-12.5  mm. 

Ill  the  males  the  middle  tibiae  are  normally  dentate. 

Thi.s  species  agrees  with  stupida  Lee.  in  the  number  of  setigerous 
punctures  of  the  femora,  differing  from  it  by  the  thorax  being  more 
narrowed  behind  and  by  the  presence  of  an  inner  fovea  in  the  basal 
impressions  thereof.  From  b/anchardi,  which  it  closely  resembles, 
it  is  sufficiently  distinct  by  the  characters  given  in  the  table. 

It  occurs  along  the  Pacific  Coast  from  southern  California  to 
Washington.     I  have  seen  one  specimen  from  Arizona. 

5.  A.  Stiipi<lR  Lee. — Form  slightly  elongate,  convex,  the  elytra  flattened 
on  the  disk.  Color  piceous,  the  elytra  rufopiceous  (in  the  type)  or  piceous. 
Head  scarcely  narrower  than  the  thorax  at  apex;  frontal  grooves  short,  deep, 
not  extending  anteriorly  on  to  the  epistoma;  antennae  slender,  shorter  than  the 
head  and  thorax,  rufous;  palpi  rufous.  Prothorax  nearly  twice  as  wide  as  long, 
very  sligiUly  narrower  at  base  than  apex  ;  apex  slightly  emarginate,  the  anterior 
angles  rounded,  not  prominent;  transverse  impressions  obsolete;  median  line 
distinct,  abbreviated  in  front;  basal  impressions  small,  the  inner  fovea  obsolete, 
the  outer  deep,  close  to  the  hind  angle;  base  and  apex  punctate;  base  truncate; 
sides  with  the  margin  narrowly  reflexed,  arcuate,  sinuate  immediately  in  front 
of  the  hind  angles,  which  are  rectangular,  slightly  prominent  and  carinate,  the 
carina  rather  broad.  Elytra  together  scarcely  wider  than  the  thorax,  more  than 
one-half  longer  than  wide,  dee])ly  striate;  humeri  rounded;  striae  entire,  dis- 
tinctly punctate  to  behind  the  middle,  the  scutellar  stria  moderate,  the  eighth 
with  the  row  of  ocellate  punctures  widely  interrupted  at  mfddle;  intervals 
slightly  convex.  Body  beneath  rufopiceous;  meso-  and  metasternal  episterna 
and  sides  of  metasternum  and  of  first  two  ventral  segments  sparsely  jjunctate. 
Legs  dark  rufous;  middle  and  hind  femora  with  four  or  five  setigerous  punc- 
tures along  the  inner  margin;  tarsi  not  grooved  externally.  Length  .48- .50 
inch  ;  12-12.5  mm. 

Most  nearly  allied  to  jacobina,  from  which  it  difiers  by  the  thorax 

being  less  narrowed  behind  and  the  complete  absence  of  the  inner  fovea 

TKANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  PEBEUAKY,  1908. 


24  AMERICAN    COLEOPTERA. 

of  tlie  basal  impressions.  It  is  worthy  of  note  that  the  number  of 
setigerous  punctures  along  the  inner  margin  of  the  femora  is  the 
same  in  the  two  species. 

The  males  have  the  middle  tibise  normally  dentate. 

It  is  rare  in  collections.  The  seven  specimens  known  to  me  are 
all  from  California.  Of  these,  the  type  is  from  Sacramento  and  one 
of  the  others  from  San  Diego. 

6.  A.  bowditchi  n.  sp.— Elongate,  feebly  convex,  the  elytra  slightly  flat- 
tened on  the  disk.  Color  black,  shining,  the  females  more  or  less  alutaceous. 
Head  slightly  narrower  than  the  thorax  at  apex  ;  frontal  grooves  short,  deep, 
anteriorly  not  extending  on  to  the  epistoma;  antennae  shorter  than  the  bead 
and  thorax,  slender,  dark  rufous;  palpi  dark  rufous.  Prothorax  subcordate, 
about  one-half  wider  than  long,  slightly  narrower  at  base  than  apex,  more  or  less 
coarsely  punctate  at  apex,  more  densely  so  at  base;  apex  feebly  emarginate ; 
transverse  impressions  feeble  or  nearly  obsolete;  median  line  distinct,  abbrevi- 
ated in  front;  basal  impressions  broad,  deep,  distinctly  bifoveate,  the  inner  fovea 
coarsely,  often  densely,  punctate,  the  outer  usually  impunctate  or  less  densely 
punctured  than  the  inner;  sides  with  the  margin  narrowly  reflexed,  arcuate, 
sinuate  behind;  base  truncate;  hind  angles  rectangular  and  acutely  carinate. 
Elytra  striate,  together  slightly  wider  than  the  thorax  and  rather  more  than  one- 
half  longer  than  wide;  striaj  entire,  distinctly  punctate  to  behind  the  middle, 
the  outer  somewhat  less  deep  and  more  finely  punctured,  scutellar  stria  moder- 
ately long,  eighth  with  the  row  of  ocellate  punctures  broadly  interrupted  at 
middle  ;  intervals  flat  or  nearly  so.  Body  beneath  dark  piceous  or  nearly  black, 
shining,  impunctate.  Legs  dark  piceous  or  nearly  black  ;  middle  and  posterior 
femora  with  two  setigerous  punctures  along  the  inner  margin  ;  tarsi  not  grooved 
on  the  outer  side.     Length  .48-. .5.')  inch  ;  12-13.75  mm. 

In  the  males  the  middle  tibise  are  normally  dentate  on  the  inner 
side,  the  upper  tooth  being  slightly  longer  than  the  lower  and  situ- 
ated about  the  middle,  the  lower  about  midway  between  it  and  the 
apex. 

A  very  well  marked  and  easily  recognizable  species.  It  is  subject 
to  some  variation  in  the  punctuation  of  the  thorax.  Some  speci- 
mens have  the  apex  with  a  few  coarse  punctures,  while  the  outer 
basal  impression  is  impunctate.  In  the  other  extreme  the  thorax  is 
coarsely  and  moderately  densely  punctured  at  apex,  although  less 
densely  so  than  at  base,  while  the  outer  fovea  of  the  basal  impres- 
sions is  only  slightly  more  sparsely  punctate  than  the  inner.  The 
two  forms  are  connected  by  numerous  intergrades. 

I  take  pleasure  in  assigning  the  above  name  as  a  token  of  regard 
and  gratitude,  and  in  memory  of  the  many  pleasant  hours  I  have 
passed  in  the  c()iiii)any  of  my  friend  Mv.  Frederic  C.  Bowditch. 


ROLAND    HAYWARD.  25 

The  type  is  a  male  and  is  in  my  own  collection.  It  is  from 
Phoenix,  Ariz.  Cotypes  exist  in  the  collections  of  Messrs.  Blauch- 
ard,  Bowditch,  Fall  and  Wickham,  and  in  the  National  Museum 
and  Museum  of  Comparative  Zoology. 

Specimens  have  been  seen  from  Plioenix,  Arizona;  Albuquerque 
and  Coolidoje,  New  Mexico;  Utah;  La  Junta,  Colorado,  and  El 
Paso,  Texas. 

7.  A.  aclstricta.  Putz. —  Elongate,  convex.  Color  piceous  or  nearly  black, 
shining,  tlie  females  finely  alutaceous.  Head  as  wide  as  the  thoiax  at  apex  ; 
frontal  grooves  short,  moderately  deep,  not  extending  forward  on  to  the  epis- 
toma;  antennae  nearly  as  long  as  the  head  and  thorax,  slender,  ferruginous; 
palpi  rufous.  Prothorax  about  one-half  wider  than  long,  widest  in  front  of  mid- 
dle, subcordate,  as  wide  at  base  as  apex,  inipunctate  or  very  sparsely  punctured 
at  apex,  punctate  at  base;  apex  emarginate,  the  anterior  angles  moderately 
prominent,  rounded;  median  line  distinct,  abbreviated  for  a  short  distance  in 
front;  transverse  impressions  moderate;  basal  impressions  deep,  bifoveate,  punc- 
tate; base  emarginate;  sides  strongly  arcuate,  the  margin  narrowly  reflexed, 
suddenly  and  deeply  sinuate  immediately  in  front  of  the  hind  angles,  which  are 
prominent,  acute  and  acutely  carinate.  Elytra  together  scarcely  wider  than  the 
thorax  and  nearly  twice  as  long  as  wide,  subparallel,  deeply  striate:  humeri 
scarcely  subangulate;  strise  very  distinctly  jiunctate,  more  finely  toward  the 
apex,  the  scutellar  stria  moderate,  the  eighth  with  the  row  of  ocellate  {lunctures 
moderately  widely  interrupted  at  middle;  intervals  slightly  convex.  Body  be- 
neath rufopiceous  or  piceous;  meso-  and  metasternal  episterna,  sides  of  metaster- 
num  and  of  first  two  ventral  segments  sparsely  punctured.  liegs  rufous;  poste- 
rior femora  with  two  setigerous  punctures  along  the  inner  margin;  tarsi  not 
grooved  on  the  outer  side.     Length  .45-. 54  inch  ;  11.25-13.5  mm. 

The  middle  tibise  are  normally  dentate  in  the  males. 

Very  closely  allied  to  laticollis  Lee,  from  which  it  differs  by  its 
more  elongate  form.  The  thorax  is  more  deeply  emarginate  at  base, 
and,  as  a  result,  the  hind  angles  are  acute  and  more  prominent. 
The  strise  of  the  elytra  are  usually  more  strongly  punctured.  Ex- 
treme forms  of  the  two  species  are  often  difficult  to  separate. 

As  is  the  case  in  both  laticollis  and  carinata,  the  number  of 
setigerous  punctures  along  the  inner  margin  of  the  middle  femora  is 
not  constant.  These  are  either  two  or  three.  When  three  are 
present,  the  two  nearest  the  base  of  the  femur  are  usually  placed 
near  together  and  are  shorter  than  the  one  nearest  the  apex.  In 
some  specimens  examined  there  are  two  on  one  femur  and  three  on 
the  other. 

It  is  known  to  me  from  ^[ontana,  Colorado,  Utah,  Arizona  and 
New  Mexico. 

TRANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (4)  FKBRUARY.  190S. 


26  AMKRICAN    COLEOPTERA. 

8.  A.  laficolliK  Lee— Nearly  oblong,  rather  broad,  slightly  convex,  the 
elytra  slightly  flattened  on  the  disk.  Color  varying  from  piceoiis  to  nearly 
black,  shining,  the  females  more  or  less  alutaceoiis.  Head  nearly  as  vride  as  the 
thorax  at  apex  ;  frontal  grooves  short,  anteriorly  not  extending  on  to  the  epis- 
toma;  antennse  slender,  shorter  than  the  head  and  thorax,  rufous;  palpi  rufous. 
Prothorax  subquadrate,  more  than  one-half  wider  than  long,  as  wide  at  base  as 
apex,  distinctly  emarginate  at  apex,  slightly  so  at  base,  the  anterior  angles 
prominent,  strongly  rounded  ;  ap)ex  varying  from  sparsely  to  .scarcely  perceptibly 
punctate;  base  punctate;  transverse  impressions  moderate;  median  line  dis- 
tinct, abbreviated  in  front;  basal  impresssion  broad,  deej),  bifoveate,  the  foveas 
punctured  ;  sides  strongly  arcuate,  strongly  sinuate  behind,  the  margin  narrowly 
reflexed  :  hind  angles  subacute  and  acutely  carinate.  Elytra  together  very 
slightly  wider  than  the  thorax  and  less  than  twice  as  long  as  wide,  oblong-ovate, 
deeply  striate;  strise  punctate  to  behind  the  middle,  the  scutellar  stria  moder- 
ately long,  the  eighth  with  the  row  of  ocellate  punctures  broadly  interrupted  at 
middle;  intervals  nearly  flat.  Body  beneath  piceous,  the  inflexed  portion  of  the 
elytra  usually  dark  rufous;  sides  of  metasternum,  metasternal  episterna  and 
sides  of  first  two  ventral  segments  sparsely  or  scarcely  at  all  punctate.  Legs 
dark  rufous;  two  setigerous  punctures  along  the  inner  margin  of  the  hind 
femora;  tarsi  not  grooved  externally.     Length  A5-.57  inch  ;  11.25-14.25  mm. 

Ill  the  males  the  inner  side  of  the  middle  tibise  is  normally  dentate. 

One  of  our  largest  species.  It  is  very  closely  allied  to  addrida 
and  carinata.  From  the  former  it  differs  by  its  less  convex  and  less 
elongate  form  and  by  the  form  of  the  thorax,  of  which  the  hind 
angles  are  less  acute.  From  carinata,  on  the  other  hand,  it  differs 
by  the  sides  of  the  thorax  being  more  strongly  rounded  and  more  dis- 
tinctly sinuate  in  front  of  the  hind  angles,  the  thorax  is  less  deeply 
emarginate  at  apex  and  more  distinctly  so  at  base  than  in  the  latter 
species,  wliile  it  is  less  deeply  emarginate  at  base  than  in  adstricta. 
The  hind  angles  are  more  acute  and  more  promineijt  than  in  cai-i- 
nata,  and  the  form  usually  slightly  less  elongate.  The  three  species- 
are  very  difficult  to  define. 

Specimens  have  l)een  seen  from  Manitoba,  Assiniboia,  Nebraska, 
Norlli  Dakota,  Colorado,  Wyoming,  Montana,  Utah,  Arizona  and 
New  Mexico. 

9.  A.  csiriiiaia  Lee. — Nearly  oblong,  slightly  elongate,  feebly  convex,  the 
elytra  slightly  thitlened  on  the  disk.  Color  piceous  or  rufopiceons,  shining,  the 
females  slightly  alutaceous.  Head  scarcely  narrower  than  the  thorax  at  apex  ; 
frontal  grooves  short,  moderately  deep,  not  extending  on  to  the  epistoma ;  an- 
teunif  slender,  scarcely  as  long  as  the  head  and  thorax,  rufous;  palpi  rufous. 
I'rothorax  about  one-half  wider  than  long,  subquadrate,  as  wide  at  base  as  aj)ex, 
sparsely  punctate  at  apex  and  more  densely  so  at  base;  apex  very  distinctly 
emarginate,  the  anterior  angles  rounded,  moderately  prominent;  transverse 
imp'«ssions  feeble;  median  line  fine,  distinct,  abbreviated  in  front;  basal  impres- 


ROLAND    HAYWARD.  27 

sions  broiul,  deep,  bifoveate.  the  foveas  subconfluent,  punctate;  sides  witli  the 
raargiu  distinctly  retlexed.  moderately  rounded,  rather  feebly  sinuate  for  a  slioit 
distance  in  front  of  the  hind  an^rles,  whicli  are  rectangular  and  acutely  carinate. 
Elytra  subparallel,  together  slightly  wider  than  the  thorax  and  less  than  twice 
as  long  as  wide,  deeply  striate;  strise  distinctly  punctate  to  behind  the  luiddle, 
the  scutellar  stria  moderately  long,  the  eighth  with  the  row  of  ocellate  punc- 
tures widely  interrupted  at  middle;  intervals  nearly  flat.  Body  beneath  piceous 
or  rufopiceous,  ineso- and  nietasternal  episterua,  sides  of  metasternuni  and  of  the 
first  two  ventral  segments  punctate.  Legs  rufous  or  rufotestaceous ;  hind  femora 
•with  two  setigeious  punctures  along  the  inner  margin  ;  taisi  without  grooves  on 
the  outer  side.     Length  .45-. 55  inch  ;  11.25-13.75  mm. 

The  males  have  the  middle  tihite  normally  dentate. 

Resembles  latlcollis  very  closely,  and,  although  typical  examples 
of  each  are  readily  distinguishable,  many  specimens  occur  which 
are  very  nearly  intermediate  between  the  tw'o.  As  in  that  species 
and  in  adstricta  the  middle  femora  have  two  or  tiiree  setigerous 
punctures  along  the  inner  margin,  tiie  number  differing  sometimes 
on  the  femora  of  the  same  individual. 

Its  range  of  distribution  is  nearly  the  same  as  that  of  laticoUis. 
It  occurs  in  Nebraska,  Kansas,  North  and  South  Dakota,  Montana, 
\yyoming,  Colorado  and  Utah. 

10.  A.  rufiinana  Kirby. —  Form  very  elongate,  nearly  parallel,  sliglitly 
convex,  the  elytra  slightly  flattened  on  the  disk.  Color  varying  from  nearly 
black  to  piceous  or  rufopiceous,  the  elytra  often  with  more  or  less  metallic  lustre. 
Head  nearly  as  wide  as  the  thorax  at  apex  ;  frontal  grooves  distinct,  short,  not 
extending  on  to  the  epistoma:  antennae  slender,  nearly  as  long  as  the  bead  and 
thorax,  ferruginous;  palpi  ferruginous.  Prothorax  subcordate,  more  than  one- 
half  wider  than  long,  as  wide  at  base  as  apex,  widest  slightly  in  front  of  the 
middle,  impunctate  at  apex,  distinctly  !>unctate  at  base,  more  or  less  transver.«ely 
wrinkled  along  the  median  line;  apex  emarginate,  the  anterior  angles  rounded  ; 
transverse  impressions  feeble;  basal  impressifins  broad,  deep,  distinctly  bifoveate, 
punctate;  base  feebly  emarginate;  sides  with  the  margin  narrowly  reflexed, 
arcuate,  sinuate  for  some  distance  in  front  of  the  hind  angles,  which  are  promi- 
nent, rectangular  and  acutely  carinate.  Elytra  together  slightly  wider  than  the 
thorax,  about  twice  as  long  as  wide,  nearly  parallel,  deeply  striate  ;  .striae  entire, 
distinctly  punctate  to  behind  the  middle,  the  scutellar  stria  moderately  long,  the 
eighth  with  the  row  of  ocellate  punctures  broadly  interrupted  at  middle;  inter- 
vals feebly  convex;  humeri  scarcely  rounded.  Body  beneath  piceous  or  rufo- 
piceous; meso- and  nietasternal  episterua  and  sides  of  metasternuni  and  of  the 
first  two  ventral  segments  impunctate  or  at  most  sparsely  punctured.  Legs 
ferruginous;  middle  and  hind  femora  with  two  setigerous  punctures  along  the 
inner  margin  ;  tarsi  not  grooved  externally.    Length  .45-. 50  inch  ;  11.25-12.5  mm. 

The  teeth  on  the  middle  tibif:e  of  the  males  are  well  marked,  the 
upper  about  the  middle,  the  lower  about  midway  between  it  and  the 

TRANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  FKBKUARY.  1908. 


28  AMERICAN    COLEOPTERA. 

apex.  The  surface  is  shining  and  the  elytra  usually  have  a  more  or 
less  distinct  metallic  lustre. 

In  the  females  the  surface,  which  is  finely  alutaceous,  is  less  dis- 
tinctly or  not  at  all  metallic. 

From  the  three  preceding  species  it  is  distinct  by  its  more  parallel 
form  and  proportionally  longer  elytra.  From  cylindrica  it  is  recog- 
nizable by  the  characters  given  in  the  table. 

Its  distribution  is  distinctly  northern.  Specimens  have  been  seen 
from  Newfoundland,  Hudson  Bay,  Ft.  Simpson,  Great  Slave  Lake, 
Alberta,  Assiniboia,  Manitoba,  the  north  shore  of  Lake  Superior, 
Bayfield,  Wisconsin,  Spirit  Lake,  Iowa,  Volga,  South  Dakota, 
Montana,  Wyoming  and  Greeley,  Coloi'ado. 

11.  A.  cylindrica  Lee. — Form  nearly  oblong,  elongate,  convex.  Color 
piceous  or  nearly  black,  sliiniiig.  Head  as  wide  as  the  thorax  at  apex  ;  frontal 
grooves  moderately  deep,  anteriorly  not  extending  on  to  the  epistoma ;  antennse 
slender,  scarcely  as  long  as  the  head  and  thorax,  rufous;  palpi  rufous.  Prothorax 
subquadrate,  less  than  one-half  wider  than  long,  as  wide  at  base  as  apex,  widest 
at  middle,  slightly  emargiuate  at  apex,  subtruncate  at  base;  anteiior  angles 
rounded,  slightly  prominent;  apex  impunctate;  base  punctate;  transverse  im- 
pressions nearly  obsolete;  median  line  fine,  entire,  or  but  slightly  abbreviated  in 
front;  basal  impressions  deep,  very  distinctly  bifoveate;  sides  arcuate  nearly  to 
base,  sinuate  immediately  in  front  of  the  hind  angles,  which  are  rectangulai-. 
.slightly  prominent  and  carinate.  Elytra  together  scarcely  wider  than  the 
thorax  and  less  than  twice  as  long  as  wide,  convex,  deeply  striate;  striiE  entire, 
finely  punctate  to  behind  the  middle,  the  scutellar  stria  long,  the  eighth  with  the 
row  of  ocellate  punctures  very  widely  interrupted  at  middle;  intervals  slightly 
convex.  Body  beneath  piceous  or  rufopiceous;  metasternal  episterna,  sides  of 
metasternum  and  of  the  first  two  ventral  segments  sparsely  punctured.  Legs 
rufous  or  rufopiceous;  iuner  margin  of  the  middle  and  posterior  femora  with 
two  setigerous  punctures;  posterior  tarsi  with  the  three  basal  joints  slightly 
grooved  on  the  outer  side.     Length  .37-. 44  inch  ;  9.25-1]  mm. 

In  the  males  the  upper  tooth  of  the  middle  tibiae  is  distinctly 
below  the  middle  and  prominent;  the  lower  tooth  is  small  and  situ- 
ated al)out  half  way  between  it  and  the  apex. 

The  fenudes  have  the  surface  finely  alutaceous. 

Its  form  is  more  convex  than  that  of  rufimaitd,  with  the  elvtra 
at  most  scarcely  flattened  on  the  disk.  The  carina  at  the  hind 
angles  of  the  thorax  is  less  acute  than  in  rnjhnana.  The  three  basal 
joints  of  the  hind  tarsi  are  grooved  on  the  outer  side  as  in  esch- 
scholtzi  and  melanogastrica,  and  by  this  character,  as  well  as  bv  its 
form  and  the  less  acutely  carinate  hind  angles  of  the  thorax,  it 
seems  to  lead  towards  these  last  named  species. 


ROLAND    IIAYWARD.  29 

It  is  knowu  to  me  i'roni  Labrador,  Xewfouiidlaud,  the  ^lairdulen 
Islands,  AVinnipeg,  Manitoba,  Slave  Lake,  Hudson  Bay  and  from 
altitudes  of  8,000-10,000  feet  in  the  Rocky  Mountains  of  Colorado. 

12.  A.  hudwoiiica  n.  sp. — Nearly  parallel,  elongate,  feebly  convex.  I'ioeous 
or  nearly  blaek,  feebly  feueoua,  the  elytra  very  finely  aliitaceous.  Head  srareely 
narrower  than  the  thorax  at  apex  ;  frontal  grooves  short,  not  extending  ffirward 
on  to  the  epistoma  ;  antennae  slender,  nearly  as  long  as  the  head  and  thorax,  rufo- 
testaceous;  palpi  rufotestaeeons.  Prothorax  subquadrate,  about  one-half  wider 
than  long,  as  wide  at  base  as  apex,  with  a  few  scattered  punctures  each  side  at 
apex,  distinctly  punctate  at  base;  apex  slightly  emarginate;  sides  arcuate,  dis- 
tinctly but  not  strongly  sinuate  in  front  of  base,  which  is  nearly  truncate;  ante- 
rior transverse  impression  distinct,  the  posterior  nearly  obsolete;  median  line 
abbreviated  in  front;  basal  impressions  deep,  punctate,  very  distinctly  bifoveate, 
the  inner  fovea  longer  tlian  the  outer;  liiud  angles  rectangular,  obtusely  cari- 
nate.  Elytra  together  not  wider  than  the  thorax  and  about  twice  as  long  as 
wide,  flattened  on  the  disk,  striate;  humeri  rounded;  stria'  entire,  punctate 
nearly  to  apex,  the  scutellar  stria  moderately  long,  the  eightli  with  llie  row  of 
ocellate  punctures  broadly  interrupted  at  middle;  intervals  flat.  Body  beneath 
piceous,  sides  of  metasternum  and  meso-  and  metasternal  episterna  sparsely 
punctate.  Legs  rufous;  middle  and  jjosterior  femora  with  two  setigerous  punc- 
tures along  the  inner  margin  ;  hind  tarsi  with  the  two  basal  joints  feebly  grooved 
on  the  outer  side.     Length  .3.3-. 35  inch  ;  8.25-8.75  mm. 

In  the  males  the  teeth  of  the  middle  tibise  are  much  nearer  the 
apex  than  usual,  the  upper  being  situated  about  two-thirds  from 
the  base,  the  lower  about  midway  between  it  and  the  apex. 

The  form  somewhat  recalls  that  of  rtifanana,  but  the  hind  angles 
of  the  thorax  are  obtusely  carinate,  the  posterior  tarsi  grooved  ex- 
ternally and  the  size  smaller,  while  the  position  of  the  teeth  of  the 
middle  tibite  is  also  different. 

Described  from  three  males  from  Ungava  Bay,  Hudson  Bay 
Territory  (Collection   U.  S.  National  Museum). 

13.  A.  es<*li«««"lioltzi  C'haud. — Nearly  oblong,  moderately  elongate,  slightly 
convex.  Color  black,  the  elytra  usually  jjiceous;  surface  slightly  shining  in  the 
males,  aliitaceous  in  the  females.  Head  nearly  as  wide  as  tlie  thorax  at  aj)ex  ; 
frontal  grooves  short,  deep,  not  prolonged  on  to  the  epistoma;  antennae  slender, 
shorter  than  the  head  and  thorax,  the  first  two  joints  rufous,  tlie  outer  ones 
darker;  palpi  rufous.  Prothorax  about  one-half  wider  than  long,  as  wide  at  base 
as  apex,  subquadrate,  punctate  at  base  and  ai)ex  ;  apex  slightly  emarginate,  the 
anterior  angles  rounded;  transverse  impressions  feeble;  median  line  distinct, 
abln-eviated  in  front;  basal  impressions  broad,  deep,  bifoveate,  the  foveae  slightly 
oblique,  the  inner  longer  than  the  outer;  base  truncate;  sides  with  the  margin 
very  narrowly  reflesed  and  not  translucent,  arcuate,  sinuate  in  front  of  the  hind 
angles,  which  are  rectangular,  slightly  prominerPt  and  olitusely  caiinale.  Elytra 
slightly  flattened    on    the   disk,  snbparallel,  together  very  slightly  wider  than 

TKANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  FKBRUARY,  1908. 


30  AMERICAN    COLEOPTERA. 

the  thorax  and  more  than  one-half  longer  than  wide,  deeply  striate;  humeri 
rounded;  strise  punctate,  the  punctures  becoming  obsolete  toward  the  apex, 
entire,  the  seutellar  stria  moderately  long,  the  eighth  with  the  row  of  ocellate 
punctures  widely  interrupted  at  middle;  intervals  nearly  flat.  Body  beneath 
dark  piceous  or  black;  sides  of  metasternum,  meso-  and  metasternal  episterna 
and  sides  of  first  two  ventral  segments  punctate.  Legs  varying  from  nearly 
black  to  rufopiceous;  middle  and  hind  femora  with  two  setigerous  punctures 
along  the  inner  margin  ;  three  basal  joints  of  the  posterior  tarsi  feebly  grooved 
on  the  outer  side.     Length  .3S-.42  inch  ;  9.5-10.5  mm. 

The  males  have  the  middle  tibiae  normally  dentate. 

This  species  approaches  melanogastrica  very  closely,  and,  indeed, 
seems  doubtfully  distinct.  The  chief  points  of  difference  are  attbi-ded 
by  the  prothorax,  which  is  slightly  less  distinctly  emarginate  at 
apex  in  the  present  species,  with  the  side  margin  narrower  and  not 
translucent  and  the  fovese  of  the  basal  impressions  slightly  oblique. 
The  antennae  differ  slightly  in  color,  while  the  elytra  are  usually 
paler  iji  melanogastrica  than  in  eschschoUzi. 

It  occurs  in  Alaska  and  Kamchatka. 

14.  A.  melanogastrica  Dej. — Form  nefir]y  ns  \i\  eschschoUsi.  Color  dark 
piceous  or  black,  the  elytra  usually  brownish.  Head  nearly  as  wide  as  the 
tho7ax  at  apex  ;  frontal  grooves  short,  moderately  deep,  not  extending  anteriorly 
on  to  the  epistoma ;  antennse  slender,  slightly  shorter  than  the  head  and  thorax, 
rufous;  palpi  rufous.  Prothorax  subquadrate,  about  one-half  wider  than  long, 
as  wide  at  ba-se  as  apex,  punctate  at  base  and  more  sparsely  so  at  apex;  apex 
emarginate,  the  anterior  angles  rounded  ;  transverse  impressions  nearly  obsolete; 
median  line  fine,  abbreviated  in  front;  basal  impressions  broad,  deep,  bifoveate, 
the  foveiE  perpendicular  to  the  base,  the  inner  longer  than  the  outer;  base  trun- 
cate ;  sides  with  the  margin  narrowly  reflexed  but  distinctly  translucent,  rounded, 
slightly  sinuate  in  front  of  the  hind  angles,  which  are  rectangular,  slightly 
prominent  and  obtusely  carinate.  Elytra  together  slightly  wider  than  the 
thorax  and  less  than  twice  as  long  as  wide,  subparallel,  deeply  striate ;  humeri 
rounded  ;  striae  distinctly  punctate,  obsoletely  so  at  apex  ;  intei'vals  nearly  flat ; 
inflexed  portion  of  the  elytra  somewhat  paler.  Body  beneath  nearly  black; 
meso-  and  metasternal  episterna  and  sides  of  metasternum  and  of  the  first  two 
ventral  segments  punctate.  Legs  usually  rufous,  varying  to  piceorufous;  middle 
and  hind  femora  with  two  setigerous  punctures  along  the  inner  margin  ;  three 
basal  joints  of  the  posterior  tarsi  grooved  externally.  Ijcngth  .38. 44  inch  : 
9.5-11  mm. 

In  the  males  the  middle  tibiae  are  normally  dentate  on  the  inner 
side. 

Very  closely  allied  to  the  pi'eceding,  fi'om  which  it  differs  by  only 
a  few  characters  of  doubtful  value.  The  prothorax  is  slightly  more 
deeply  eniarginate  at  apex,  with  the  side  margin,  although  luirrow, 
wider  than  in  eschscholtzi  and   translucent,  while  the  fovere  of  the 


ROLAND    HAY  WARD.  81 

basal  impressions  are  not  obliqne.  The  elytra  are  usuall}-  brownish 
in  color,  although  in  a  few  specimens  seen  they  are  not  paler  than 
in  the  last  named  species.  The  antennae  are  rufous,  and  ihe  legs 
usually  so,  though  sometimes  piceorufous. 

Like  eschaclioltzl,  it  occurs  in  Alaska  and  Kamchatka. 

15.  A.  bruiiiiipenniN  Dej. — Form  nearly  oblong,  elongate,  convex.  Color 
black,  at  most  scarcely  teneous,  the  elytra  often  piceons  or  brown  ;  surface 
shining  in  the  males,  finely  alutaceous  in  the  females.  Head  nearly  as  wide  as 
the  thorax  at  apex  ;  frontal  grooves  short,  distinct,  anteriorly  not  extending  on 
to  the  epistoma;  antennse  slender,  shorter  than  the  head  and  thorax,  piceons, 
the  first  two  joints  usually  paler;  palpi  piceous,  usually  paler  at  the  extreme  tip. 
Prothorax  about  one-half  wider  than  long,  as  wide  at  base  as  apex,  impunctate 
or  rarely  with  a  few  scattered  punctures  at  apex,  more  or  less  sparsely  punctured 
at  base,  usually  more  or  less  transversely  wrinkled  along  the  median  line;  apex 
emarginate,  the  anterior  angles  rounded  ;  transverse  impressions  moderate  or 
feeble;  median  line  fine,  entire  or  abbreviated  for  a  short  distance  in  front: 
basal  impressions  broad,  deep,  more  or  less  coarsely  punctate,  bifoveate,  the  inner 
fovea  longer  than  the  outer;  base  truncate;  sides  with  the  margin  narrowly  re- 
flexed,  arcuate  from  apex  to  base  or  sometimes  oblique  for  a  short  distance  in 
front  of  the  hind  angles,  which  are  obtuse  and  obtusely  carinate.  Elytra 
together  scarcely  wider  than  the  thorax  and  less  than  twice  as  long  as  wide, 
striate;  strise  entire,  punctate  to  behind  the  middle,  the  scutellar  stria  moderate, 
the  eighth  with  the  row  of  ocellate  punctures  widely  interrupted  at  middle; 
intervals  rather  broad,  flat  or  nearly  so ;  humeri  rounded.  Body  beneath  black  ; 
meso-  and  metasternal  episterna,  sides  of  metasternum  and  of  the  first  two  ven- 
tral segments  impunctate  t>r  at  most  sparsely  punctate.  Legs  varying  in  color 
from  black  to  nearly  rufous,  usually  piceous  or  rufopiceous;  inner  margin  of  the 
middle  and  hind  femora  with  two  setigerous  punctures;  posterior  tarsi  with  the 
three  basal  joints  not  or  at  most  veiy  feebly  grooved  on  the  outer  side.  Length 
33-.45  inch  ;  8.25-11.25  mm. 

In  the  males  the  middle  tibije  are  normally  dentate. 

This  specie.s,  as  above  defined,  includes  what  have  been  known 
heretofore  in  collections  in  this  country,  at  least,  as  A.  hrminipennis 
Dej.  and  .4.  h tjparhorea  Dej.  The  former  name  has  been  i-etained, 
as  1  regard  it  as  more  than  probable  that  the  species  known  as 
hi/perborea  in  American  collections  is  not  the  hfjperborea  of  Dejean, 
The  original  description  does  not  apply  to  the  present  si)ecies,  while 
Dejean's  remark.s,  as  well  as  those  of  Putzeys,  who  had  the  type 
before  him,  seem  to  refer  to  a  different  species. 

As  might  be  expected  from  its  wide  geographical  range,  consider- 
tible  variation  is  exhibited,  and  several  forms  might  be  selected, 
which,  if  studied  from  uniques  or  from  a  very  small  series  of  speci- 
mens, would  doubtless  be  regarded  as  distinct  .species.     These,  how- 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  FEBRUARY,  1908. 


32  AMERICAN    COLEOPTKRA. 

ever,  intergrade  in  the  large  series  before  me.  One  of  the  more 
important  variations  is  to  be  seen  in  the  prothorax,  the  sides  of 
wliich  are  in  some  examples  arcuate  from  apex  to  base,  the  hind 
angles  being  very  obtuse  or  almost  rounded,  while  in  others  the  sides 
are  arcuate  to  behind  the  middle,  from  thence  oblique  to  the  hind 
angles,  or,  in  one  or  two  specimens,  with  a  very  feeble  trace  of  sinu- 
ation  immediately  in  front  of  them,  the  angles  being  obtuse  and  not 
prominent.  The  elytral  strire  vary  in  depth  as  well  as  in  the  coarse- 
ness of  their  punctation,  while  the  intervals  vary  from  flat  to  feebly 
convex.  The  color  varies  from  uniformly  black  to  bicolored,  the 
head  and  thorax  being  black  and  the  elytra  more  or  less  brownish, 
sometimes  uniformly  reddish-brown,  sometimes  with  the  sutural  and 
lateral  margins  dark,  and  sometimes  piceous,  only  slightly  paler 
than  the  head  and  thorax.  Much  the  same  range  of  variation  may 
be  observed  in  the  color  of  the  legs,  as  stated  in  the  description, 
while  the  hind  tarsi  vary  from  very  feebly  to  not  at  all  grooved  on 
the  outer  side.  These  variations  are  so  intermingled  that  it  has 
been  found  impossible  to  separate  even  varieties  by  characters  of 
any  constancy. 

The  species  is  most  closely  related  to  e-schscholtzl  and  melanogas- 
trica,  but  is  readily  distinguishable  from  both  by  the  obtuse  hind 
angles  of  the  thorax. 

Nearly  three  hundred  examples  have  been  studied. 

It  occurs  in  Labrador,  on  Mt.  Katahdiu,  Maine,  Mt.  Washing- 
ton, New  Hampshire,  Mt.  Mansfield,  Vermont,  in  the  Hudson  Bay 
region,  at  high  altitudes  in  the  Rocky  Mountains  of  Colorado,  in 
Alaska,  extending  northward  to  Point  Barrow,  and  on  St.  George's 
Island  and  St.   Paul's  Island  in   Behring  Sea. 

16.  A,  infausta,  Lee. — Ftn-m  obloiifr,  moderately  elongate,  convex.  Color 
uigropiceous.  Head  scarcely  narrower  than  the  thorax  at  apex  ;  frontal  grooves 
short,  not  extending  forward  on  to  the  epistoma ;  antennse  slender,  scarcely  as 
long  as  the  head  and  tiiorax,  rufous;  pal])!  rufous.  Protliorax  subquadrate, 
about  one-half  wider  than  long,  slightly  wider  at  base  than  apex,  distinctly 
punctate  at  base  and  apex  ;  apex  eniarginate,  the  anterior  angles  rounded,  mod- 
erately prominent;  base  feebly  eraarginate ;  transverse  impressions  obsolete; 
median  line  entire;  basal  inii)ressioiis  broad,  deep,  bifoveate,  the  foveiu  punctate; 
sides  with  the  margin  narrowly  reflexed,  arcuate,  sinuate  in  front  of  the  hind 
angles,  which  are  rectangular  and  acutely  carinate.  Elytra  convex,  scarcely 
flattened  on  tlie  disk,  together  scarcely  wider  than  the  thorax  and  less  than 
twice  as  long  as  wide,  striate;  strite  distinctly  punctate,  more  finely  toward  the 
apex,  the  scutellar  stria  moderately  long,  the  eighth  with  the  row  of  ocellate 


ROLAND    HAYWAKD.  33 

puuctiires  widely  interrupted  at  middle;  intervals  flat,  somewliat  wider  tlian 
usual.  Body  beneath  piceous;  sides  of  metasternuni,  meso-  and  metasternal 
episterna  and  sides  of  ventral  segments  punctate.  Legs  rufopiceous;  middle 
and  posterior  femora  with  two  setigerous  punctures  along  the  inner  margin  ; 
the  two  basal  joints  of  the  hind  tarsi  grooved  on  the  outer  side.  Length  .44 
inch  ;  11  mm. 

The  above  is  from  LeConte's  type,  which  was  received  from 
Motschulsky  under  tlie  name  "■  rujiviaiius."  It  resembles  most 
nearly  eschscholtzi,  but  is  abundantly  distinct  by  the  characters 
given   above. 

Under  his  description  LeConte  gives  the  locality  as  "Russian 
America,"  but  there  is  no  locality  label  attached  to  the  specimen 
ill  question. 

17.  A.  elongala  Lee. — Elongate,  oblong-ovate,  slightly  convex,  the  elytra 
flattened  on  the  disk.  Color  varying  from  pale  rufopiceous  to  piceous,  shining. 
Head  as  wide  as  the  thorax  at  apex;  frontal  grooves  short,  uot  extending  for- 
ward on  to  the  episterna;  eyes  rather  small ;  antennse  nearly  as  long  as  the  head 
and  thorax,  ferruginous  or  rufopiceous,  slender;  palpi  rufous  or  rufopiceous. 
Prothorax  suliquadrate,  slightly  wider  than  long,  distinctly  wider  at  base  than 
apex,  impunctate  at  apex,  punctate  at  base;  apex  slightly  emargiuate;  trans- 
verse impressions  nearly  obsolete ;  median  line  distinct,  abbreviated  at  each  end  ; 
basal  impressions  bifoveate,  the  inner  fovea  longer  than  the  outer;  sides  with 
the  margin  very  narrowly  reflexed,  rounded,  obsoletely  sinuate  immediately  in 
front  of  the  hind  angles,  which  are  slightly  obtuse  and  very  obtusely  carinate; 
base  truncate.  Elytra  oblong-oval,  elongate,  together  distinctly  wider  than  the 
thorax,  striate;  strias  entire,  finely  punctate  to  behind  the  middle,  the  scutellar 
stria  shorter  than  usual,  the  eighth  with  the  row  of  ocellate  punctures  broadly 
interrupted  at  middle  ;  intervals  flat.  Body  beneath  of  the  same  color  as  above ; 
meso-  and  metasternal  episterna  and  sides  of  metasternum  sparsely  and  sides  of 
first  two  ventral  segments  more  densely  punctured.  Legs  varying  frou)  rufous 
to  piceous;  middle  and  hind  femora  with  two  setigerous  punctures  along  the 
inner  margin;  basal  joint  of  middle  and  hind  tarsi  feebly  grooved  externallv. 
Length  .44-. 46  inch  ;  11-11.5  mm. 

In  the  males  the  middle  tibite  are  distinctly  bidentate,  the  teeth 
being  normally  placed. 

A  very  distinct  species,  (littering  markedly  from  our  other 
Cyrtonoti  in  form,  and  bearing  considerable  resemblance  to  the 
Siberian  ^4.  fodina'.  It  is  readily  re(H)gnizable  l)v  the  characters 
given. 

It  seems  to  me  by  no  means  improbable  that  this  mav  be  Inmer- 
borea  Dej.,  but  it  would  be  necessary  to  see  Dejean's  type  before 
treating  it  as  such.  Beneath  his  description  Dejean  compares 
hyperborea  with  fodina',  and  states  that  it  should  be  placed  next   to 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (5)  FKBRUABY,  190S. 


34  AMERICAN    COLEOPTERA. 

that  species,  while  tiiere  is  a  specimen  of  elongata  in  the  LeConte 
collection  labelled  in  Dr.  J.  L.  LeConte's  handwriting  "A.  (C.) 
hyperborea  Dej.  f.  Putzeys." 

It  is  known  to  nie  from  Lake  Superior,  Ungava  Bay  and  Fort 
Simpson,  Canada,  and  Labrador. 

18.  A.  penu^ylvanica  Xobis. — Form  nearly  oblong,  moderately  convex. 
Color  piceous  or  nearly  black,  shining,  the  inflexed  portion  of  the  elytra  usually 
paler.  Head  slightly  narrower  than  the  thorax  at  apex  ;  frontal  grooves  short, 
deep,  not  extending  on  to  the  episterna;  antennse  slender,  shorter  than  the  bead 
and  thorax,  rufous;  palpi  rufous.  Prothorax  subqnadrate,  less  than  one-balf 
wider  than  long,  distinctly  wider  at  base  than  apex,  widest  slightly  in  front  of 
middle,  impunctate  at  apex,  punctate  at  base;  apex  emarginate,  the  anterior 
angles  rounded,  slightly  prominent ;  transverse  impressions  feeble ;  median  line 
distinct,  slightly  abbreviated  in  front;  basal  impressions  broad,  deep,  bifoveate, 
the  fovese  coarsely  punctured  and  more  or  less  confluent;  base  truncate;  sides 
with  the  margin  narrowly  retlexed,  arcuate,  sinuate  in  front  of  the  hind  angles, 
which  are  rectangular  and  carinate.  Elytra  together  scarcely  wider  than  the 
thorax  and  more  than  one-half  longer  than  wide,  deeply  striate;  humeri  suban- 
gulate ;  striae  deeply  punctate,  more  finely  toward  the  apex,  the  scutellar  stria 
moderately  long,  the  eighth  with  the  row  of  ocellate  punctures  widely  interrup- 
ted at  middle;  intervals  slightly  convex.  Body  beneath  piceous  or  rufopiceous ; 
meso-  and  metasternal  episterna,  sides  of  metasternum  and  of  the  first  two  ven- 
tral segments  coarsely  punctate.  Legs  rufous;  inner  margin  of  middle  and  hind 
femora  with  two  setigerous  punctures ;  tai'si  without  external  grooves.  Length 
.40-. 47  inch  ;  10-11.75  mm. 

The  middle  tibioe  are  normally  dentate  in  the  males. 

The  name  fulvipes  assigned  to  this  species  by  Putzeys  being  pre- 
occupied (Serville,  Fauna  France,  1821),  that  of  pennsylvanica  is 
proposed  in  its  pkice. 

One  of  our  most  easih'  recognizable  species,  differing  from  all 
the  others  in  our  fauna,  except  elongata,  by  the  prothorax  verv 
distinctly  wider  at  l)ase  than  apex,  while  from  the  last  named 
it  is  readily  distinguishable  by  numerous  characters  mentioned 
above. 

Its  distribution  is  interesting.  It  is  the  only  species  of  the  sub- 
genus occurring  in  the  more  eastern  United  States  south  of  the 
Lake  Superior  region,  except  at  high  altitudes.  Specimens  are 
known  to  me  from  New  Jersey,  Pennsylvania,  District  of  Cohunbia, 
Ohio,  Illinois,  Tennessee,  Alabama,  Missouri,  Nebraska,  Kansas, 
Iowa,  Wyoming,  Texas  and  New  Mexico,  and  also  from  Ontario, 
Canada.  It  was  apparently  taken  in  great  numbers  near  Alle- 
ghanv,   Pa.,   by  the  late  Dr.   Hamilton. 


ROLAND    IIAYWARD.  35 

19.  A.  liscinatopa  Dej.— Elongate,  iDoderately  convex.  Head  and  thorax 
black,  in  the  males  inore  or  less  aeneous,  the  elytra  in  that  sex  green  or  cupreous 
with  strong  metallic  lustre,  in  the  females  usually  very  feebly  metallic  or  nearly 
black;  surface  shining.  Head  as  wide  as  the  thorax  at  apex;  frontal  grooves 
long,  deep,  extending  forward  on  to  the  cpistoma ;  antenna  shorter  than  tlie 
head  and  thorax,  thickened,  piceous  or  rufo))iceous;  palpi  rufous  or  rufopiceous. 
Prothorax  about  one-half  wider  than  long,  subquadrate,  widest  slightly  in  front 
of  the  middle,  as  wide  at  base  as  apex,  impunctate  at  apex,  often  more  or  less 
transversely  wrinkled  along  the  median  line;  apex  feebly  eniarginate;  trans- 
verse impressions  moderate  or  sometimes  feebly  impressed  ;  median  line  distinct, 
abbreviated  in  front;  basal  impressions  broad,  deep,  rather  finely  and  sparsely, 
sometimes  ol)soletely  punctate,  distinctly  bifoveate ;  sides  arcuate  from  apex  to 
base,  the  margin  distinctly  reflexed,  slightly  more  widely  toward  the  base;  base 
truncate;  hind  angles  obtuse,  not  prominent,  cariiiate.  p]lytra  together  slightly 
wider  than  the  thorax  and  more  tljan  one-half  longer  than  wide,  subparallel, 
slightly  flattened  on  the  disk,  moderately  deeply  striate;  humeri  rounded  ;  strife 
entire,  usually  obsoletely  punctate,  rarely  distinctly  so,  the  scutellar  stria  mod- 
erate, the  eighth  with  the  row  of  ocellate  punctures  broadly  interrupted  at  mid- 
dle; intervals  slightly  convex.  Body  beneath  black  or  dark  piceous,  rarely 
feebly  feneous  in  very  highly  colored  specimens,  impunctate,  except  the  meso- 
sternal  episterna  which  are  finely  and  sparsely  punctured.  Legs  varying  from 
rufous  to  rufopiceous;  middle  and  hind  femora  with  two  setigerous  punctures 
along  the  inner  margin  ;  basal  joint  of  the  hind  tarsi  slightly  grooved  externally. 
Length  .40-.52  inch  ;  10-13  mm. 

In  the  males  tlie  middle  tibite  are  only  feebly  bisiiiuate  on  the 
inner  side  near  the  apex. 

The  females  are  larger,  more  robust  and  less  shining  than  tlie 
males,  and  with  at  most  l)ut  feeble  metallic  lustre. 

The  name  Jurmatopa  Dej.  has  priority  over  that  of  simili'i  Kirbv, 
by  which  the  species  has  been  generally  known. 

Readily  distinguishable  from  all  the  other  North  American  spe- 
cies of  the  subgenus  known  to  me  by  three  structural  characters  of 
importance,  i.  e.,  the  extension  forward  of  the  frontal  grooves  on  to 
the  epistoma,  the  thickened  antennae,  and  the  middle  tibiae  of  the 
males  feebly  bisinuate  within  near  the  apex.  The  middle  tibiae  are 
not  dentate  in  that  sex,  and  it  is  often  difficult  to  distinguish  the 
feel)le  bisinuation,  which  is  apparently  the  homologue  of  the  teeth 
occurring  in  our  other  species.  In  color  and  facies  it  differs  al.-^o 
from  our  other  Cyrtonoti.  It  is,  in  many  respects,  a  very  aberrant 
species,  and  seems  to  lead  toward  Bradytus ;  but  the  posterior  tibia' 
of  the  males  show  no  trace  of  the  pul)escence  characteristic  of  that 
subgenus,  and  the  prosternum  is  not  margined  at  tip.  On  the 
whole  it  seems  best  placed  at  the  end  of  the  present  subgenus. 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  '  FEBRUARY.  1908. 


36  AMERICAN    COLEOPTERA. 

In  distribution  it  is  essentially  northern.  Specimens  are  known 
to  lue  from  Labrador;  the  higher  altitudes  of  Mt.  Katahdin,  Me., 
and  Mt.  Washington,  New  Hampshire ;  Ungava  Bay  and  the  Hud- 
son Bay  territory;  the  northwest  territories  of  Canada,  British 
Columbia  and  Alaska. 

Subgenus  I.KIROSJOTIIS  Gaiiglb. 

Prothorax  distinctly  wider  in  front  of  base.  Prosternum  not 
margined  at  tip.  Apical  spur  of  anterior  tibiae  simple.  Middle 
tibiae  not  dentate  on  the  inner  side  in  the  males.  Posterior  tibiae 
not  pubescent  on  the  inner  side  in  the  males. 

Intermediate  in  characters  between  Cyrtonoins  and  Leioenemis, 
differing  from  the  former  by  the  middle  tibire  simple  in  both  sexes, 
and  from  the  latter  by  the  prosternum  not  margined  at  tip. 

But  one  species  occurs  in  our  fauna,  which  was  formerly  referred 
with  avlda  to  Leioenemis. 

20.  A.  areiiaria  Lee. — Nearly  oblong,  convex,  the  elytra  flattened  on  the 
disk.  Golor  piceous,  shining.  Head  as  wide  as  the  thorax  at  apex  ;  eyes  very 
finely  granulate;  frontal  grooves  small,  punctiform  ;  antennte  rufous,  as  long  as 
the  head  and  thorax  ;  palpi  rufous,  the  terminal  joint  slightly  swollen,  acumi- 
nate toward  the  tip.  Prothorax  about  one-half  wider  than  long,  wider  at  base 
than  apex,  impnnctate;  apex  emarginate ;  transverse  impressions  distinct ;  me- 
dian line  distinct,  abbreviated  before  and  behind  ;  basal  impressions  linear,  the 
inner  fovea  distinct,  the  outer  obsolete;  base  truncate,  slightly  obliquely  so  each 
side;  sides  with  the  margin  narrowly  reflexed,  rounded,  oblique  behind;  hind 
angles  slightly  obtuse  and  not  carinate.  Elytra  wider  than  the  thorax,  finely 
striate;  striae  entire,  impnnctate,  the  scutellar  stria  obsolete,  the  eighth  with  the 
row  of  ocellate  punctures  narrowly  interrupted  at  middle;  humeri  subangulate; 
intervals  slightly  convex.  Body  beneath  piceous,  impnnctate.  Legs  rufous;  all 
the  femora  with  two  setigerous  punctures  along  the  inner  margin;  tarsi  not 
grooved  on  the  outer  side.     Length  .20-. 23  inch  ;  5-5.75  mm. 

The  anterior  tarsi  are  more  narrowly  dilated  than  in  most 
Amarse.     The  males  have  one,  the  females  two  anal  setae. 

A  very  distinct  little  species,  easily  recognizable  from  the  others 
in  our  fauna.  It  seems  subject  to  but  slight  variation.  In  a  few 
specimens  examined  a  faint  trace  of  the  scutellar  stria  has  been 
observed,  usually,  however,  on  but  one  elytron. 

The  form  of  the  palpi  is  dirterent  from  that  of  any  of  our  otiier 
species  of  the  genus,  and  resembles,  judging  from  descriptions,  that 
of  the  European  A.  (Leirouotus)  glabrata. 

It  is  apparently  northern  in   its  distribution.       Specimens  have 


ROLAND    HAYWARD.  37 

been  seen  from  Canada,  Maine,  the  White  Mountains  of  New  Hamp- 
shire, Tyngsboro,  Lowell  and  Boston,  Massachusetts,  INIichigan  and 
Lake  Superior. 

Subgenus  LEIOC^V'E.TIIS   Zimm. 

Prothorax  wider  in  front  of  base.  Prosternurn  margined  at  tip. 
Apical  spur  of  anterior  tibifie  simple.  Males  with  the  middle  tibiae 
not  dentate  on  the  inner  side.  Posterior  tibiic  not  pul)escent  on  the 
inner  side  in  the  males. 

This  subgenus  seems  to  lead  from  Cyrtonotus  and  Leironotvs 
toward  Bradytus.  In  our  species  the  prosternum,  although  mar- 
gined at  tip,  is  less  distinctly  so  than  in  Bradytus,  Tria;n<t,  Amaru 
and  Celia.  The  males  of  several  exotic  species  have  a  punctured 
area  at  the  middle  of  the  prosternum,  but  no  trace  thereof  is  to  be 
seen  in  our  representative. 

Although  the  European  species  are  faii-ly  numerous,  but  one 
occurs  within  the  limits  of  our  fauna. 

21.  A.  avida  Say. — Form  oblong,  convex,  elytiii  slightly  flattened  on  the 
disk.  Color  dark  piceous  or  nearly  black,  shining.  Head  as  wide  as  tlie  thorax 
at  apex;  eyes  moderately  large,  rather  finely  granulate;  frontal  grooves  distinct, 
not  extending  forward  on  to  the  epistonia  ;  antennse  shorter  than  the  head  and 
thorax,  rufous;  palpi  rufous.  Prothorax  nearly  twice  as  wide  as  long,  subquad- 
rate,  widest  in  front  of  middle,  as  wide  at  base  as  apex,  sparsely  punctate  at 
apex,  more  densely  so  at  base  ;  apex  emarginate;  transverse  impressions  feeble; 
median  Hue  distinct, abbreviated  at  each  end  ;  basal  impressions  linear,  the  inner 
fovea  distinct,  the  outer  obsolete;  base  truncate;  sides  with  the  margin  narrowly 
but  distinctly  reflexed,  arcuate,  distinctly  sinuate  in  front  of  the  hind  angles, 
which  are  rectangular,  moderately  prominent  and  not  carinate.  Elytra  scarcely 
wider  than  the  thorax,  deeply  striate;  humeri  rounded;  stria;  entire,  punctate, 
more  feebly  toward  the  apex,  the  scutellar  stria  moderately  long,  the  eighth 
with  the  row  of  ocellate  punctures  broadly  interrupted  at  middle;  intervals 
convex.  Body  beneath  black,  shining;  sides  of  prosternum  sparsely  punctate; 
meso-  and  metasternal  episterna,  sides  of  metasternum  and  of  the  first  two 
ventral  segments  coarsely  punctured;  all  the  femora  with  two  setigerous  punc- 
tures along  the  inner  margin  ;  tarsi  not  grooved  on  the  outer  side. 

The  males  have  the  anterior  tarsi  rather  narrowly  dilated  and 
one  anal  .seta  on  each  side,  there  being  two  in  the  females. 

A  moderately  common  and  well  known  species.  In  facies  it 
most  nearly  resembles  .1.  (Bradytus)  exarata  Dej.,  but  is  quite 
readily  recognizable  by  the  absence  of  the  outer  fovea  of  tlie  basal 
impressions  of  the  thorax,  as  well  as  by  the  subgeneric  characters. 
In  well  preserved  males  a  few  fine  hairs  are  usually  to  be  seen  on 
the  inner  side  of  the  posterior  tibiie,  but  they  are  not  to  be  compared 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  FEBRUARY.  190S. 


38  AMERICAN    COLEOPTERA. 

with  the  true  pubescence  observable  iu  exarata,  in  spite  of  the  fact 
that  this  is  less  dense  in  the  last  named  species  than  in  most  Bradyti. 
Specimens  are  known  to  me  from  Nova  Scotia,  New  Brunswick, 
Canada,  all  the  New  England  States,  New  York,  New  Jersey,  Penn- 
sylvania, the  mountains  of  southwestern  Virginia,  Michigan,  Iowa, 
Illinois,  the  north  shore  of  Lake  Superior,  Manitoba  and  Colorado. 

Subgenus  BRAI>YTUS  Zimni. 

Prothorax  wider  in  front  of  base.  Prosternum  margined  at  tip. 
Anterior  tibiie  with  the  apical  spur  simple.  Males  with  the  middle 
tibise  not  dentate  on  the  inner  side.  Posterior  tibiae  distinctly, 
usually  densely  pubescent  on  the  inner  side  in  the  males. 
'  Distinct  from  all  the  subgenera,  except  Amara  s.  s.  and  Trkenn, 
by  the  posterior  tibise  distinctly  pubescent  on  the  inner  side  in  the 
males,  while  from  the  two  latter  it  is  at  once  distinguishable  by  the 
form  of  the  prothorax.  From  Cyrtonotus  and  Leironotus  it  differs  in 
having  the  prosternum  margined  at  tip,  while  it  resembles  them  in 
having  the  thorax  distinctly  wider  in  front  of  base.  With  all  but 
Cyrtonotus  it  agrees  in  having  the  middle  tibise  not  dentate  within 
in  the  males,  and  with  all  except  TrUetia  by  the  apical  spur  of  the 
anterior  tibite  not  trifid. 

The  inales  of  all  our  species  in  which  that  sex  is  known  to  me, 
in  addition  to  the  secondary  character  above  mentioned,  have  the 
anterior  tarsi  dilated  and  one  anal  seta  each  side,  two  being  present 
in  the  females.  A  secondary  sexual  character  of  some  importance 
in  classification  is  also  to  be  observed  on  the  prosternum  of  several 
species.  This  consists  of  an  impression  varying  from  a  deep  fovea 
to  a  shallow  punctured  area  or  groove.  In  at  least  one  species  it  is 
entirely  wanting. 

Our  species  agree  in  having  all  the  femora  normally  bisetose 
along  the  inner  margin.     They   may  thus  be  separated  : 

Scutellar  stria  long 2. 

Scutellar  stria  very  sliort  or  obsolete  ;  form  convex  ;  nietasternal  epistenia  punc- 
tured ;  males  with  a  shallow  oval  space,  with  a  few  small  punctures  at 
middle  of  prosternum.     Length  .30-.40  inch 22.  exarata  Dej. 

2.  Prosternal  side  pieces  impunctate 3. 

Prosternal  side  pieces  punctate;  nietasternal  episterna  jiunctured. 
Viridi,  or  cupreo-teneous ;  prothorax  nearly  twice  as  wide  as  long,  punctate 
at  base,  sides  and  apex,  distinctly  emarginate  at  ajiex  ;  basal  impres- 
sions  feebly  bifoveate;    prosternum    simj)le    in    both    sexes.     Length 
.2o-.32  inch 23.  glacialis  Maun. 


ROLAND    HAYWARD.  39 

Dark  piceous,  faintly  aeneous;  piothorax  about  one-half  wider  tluni  long, 
punctate  at  base,  very  feebly  eniarginate  at  apex  ;  basal  impressions 
distinctly  bifoveate;  male  unknown.     Length  .32  inch. 

24.  pulzeyj*!  Horn. 

3.  Metasternal  episterna  punctate;    prothorax  about  one-half  wider  than  lung. 

eniarginate  at  apex;  prosternum  with  a  deep  fovea  at  middle  in  the 

males.     Length  .24-..33  inch 25.  apricaria  Payk. 

Metasternal  episterna  impunctate. 
Prosternum    longitudinally  sulcate,  without   punctured   area  in  the  males, 
more  feebly  in  the  females.     Length  .28-. 32. 

26.  schwarzi  Nobis  {septentiowiUn  [I  Lee). 
Prosternum  with  shallow,  sparsely  punctured  oval  space  at  middle  in  the 
males,  simple  in  the  females.     Length  .35-. 43  inch. 

27.  latior  Kirby. 

22.  A.  exarata  Say. — Oblong-oval,  robust,  very  convex.  Color  varying 
from  piceous  to  black,  shining.  Head  slightly  narrower  tlian  the  thorax  at  apex  ; 
frontal  grooves  short,  triangular,  not  extending  forwaid  on  to  the  episterna; 
eyes  moderate,  finely  granulate  ;  anteuuse  as  long  as  the  head  and  thorax,  rufous  ; 
palpi  rufous.  Prothorax  suhquadrate,  about  one-half  wider  than  long,  broadest 
about  the  middle,  wider  at  base  than  a])ex  ;  apex  emarginate,  the  anterior  angles 
rounded  ;  base  feebly  bisinuate;  median  line  distinct,  abbreviated  in  front;  ante- 
rior transverse  impression  varying  from  moderately  distinct  to  nearly  obsolete, 
the  posterior  obsolete  or  feebly  marked  at  middle;  basal  impressions  broad, 
coarsely  and  usually  densely  punctate,  very  distinctly  bifoveate;  sides  with  the 
margin  narrowly  but  distinctly  reflexed,  arcuate,  sinuate  for  a  very  sliort  dist- 
ance in  fiont  of  the  hind  angles,  which  are  small,  acute,  slightly  prominent 
and  very  obtusely  carinate.  Elytra  slightly  wider  than  the  thorax,  subparallel. 
deeply  striate;  strife  deeply  and  closely  punctate,  less  distinctly  toward  the 
apex  ;  scutellar  stria  usually  very  short  or  obsolete  or  represented  by  punctures, 
rarely  distinct,  though  shorter  than  in  our  other  species  of  the  subgenus;  inter- 
vals convex.  Body  beneath  piceous  or  rufopiceous,  the  abdomen  usually  slightly 
paler;  prosternum  with  the  sides  rather  sparsely  punctured  in  front,  the  side- 
pieces  usually  impunctate,  rarely  with  a  few  scattered  punctures;  meso-  and 
metasternal  episterna,  sides  of  raetasternum  and  of  ventral  segments  coarsely 
])unctate.  Legs  varying  from  rufous  to  rufopiceous.  Length  .30-. 40  inch  : 
7.5-10  mm. 

The  males  have  on  tlie  pro.stenuim  at  middle  a  small,  nearly  oval 
space  with  a  few  small  pimctiires.  The  posterior  tibiiP  are  less 
densely  pubescent  on  the  inner  side  in  that  sex  than  is  usual  in 
this  subgenus,  and  the  pubescence  extends  but  for  a  short  distance 
from  the  apex  of  the  tibia. 

Superficially  this  species  resembles  most  closely  A.  {Leiocnemis) 
avi.da  Say,  but  in  addition  to  the  subgeneric  characters  it  differs  by 
several  others  mentioned  above.  It  also  resembles  A.  fxdva  DeGeer 
of  Europe.  From  our  other  species  of  Bradytus  it  is  distinguishable 
by  the  characters  given  in  the  table. 

TKANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  FEBRUARY,  1908. 


40  AMERICAN    COLEOPTERA. 

Immature  examples  are  often  pale  yellow,  and  it  was  doubtless 
upon  one  of  these  that  A.  furtiva  Say  was  based.  The  variation 
shown  in  the  punctuation  of  the  prosternal  side  pieces  as  well  as  in 
the  prominence  of  the  scutellar  stria  shows  that  great  care  should 
be  used  in  basing  species  solely  upon  these  characters. 

It  is  known  to  me  from  Massachusetts,  New  York,  New  Jersey, 
Pennsylvania,  District  of  Columbia,  West  Virginia,  North  Carolina, 
Ohio  and  Nebraska. 

23.  A.  glaciali»$  Manu. — Form  oblong-ovate,  moderately  convex.  Color 
viridi-aineous  or  cupreo-feueous,  shining.  Head  as  wide  as  tlie  thorax  at  apex; 
eyes  large,  prominent;  frontal  grooves  short,  not  extending  forward  on  to  the 
epistoma ;  antennae  less  than  one-half  the  length  of  the  body,  {)iceous,  the  first 
joint  more  or  less  rufous;  palpi  piceous.  Protborax  subquadrate,  nearly  twice  as 
wide  as  long,  widest  slightly  in  front  of  the  middle,  slightly  wider  at  base  than 
apex;  apex  emarginate,  the  anterior  angles  rounded  but  prominent;  median  line 
distinct,  entire  or  slightly  abbreviated  in  front;  transverse  impiessions  obsolete; 
basal  impressions  shallow,  feebly,  sometimes  obsoletely,  bifoveate;  surface  punc- 
tate at  base,  sides  and  apex,  the  disk  impunctate  ;  base  slightly  bisinuate 
behind  ;  hind  angles  subacute  and  slightly  prominent,  not  carinate.  Elytra 
distinctly  wider  than  the  thorax,  striate,  flattened  on  the  disk  ;  striae  entire,  dis- 
tinctly punctate,  the  punctures  becoming  obsolete  toward  the  tij);  scutellar  stria 
long;  intervals  flat.  Body  beneath  black;  prosternum  with  the  side-pieces 
punctate;  meso-  and  nietasternal  episterna,  sides  of  metasternum  and  of  first 
two  ventral  segments  coarsely  punctured.  Legs  rufous,  the  tibiae  externally  and 
the  tarsi  more  or  less  piceous;  middle  and  hind  tarsi  with  the  two  basal  joints 
grooved  on  the  outer  side.     Length  .25-. 32  inch  ;  6.25-8  ram. 

The  males  have  no  trace  of  punctured  fovea  or  groove  on  the 
prosternum  at  middle.  In  the  females  the  elytra  are  finely  aluta- 
ceous. 

Originally  placed  in  Bradytua  by  Mannerheim,  it  was  removed  to 
Cyrtonotus  by  Putzeys,  where  it  has  since  been  allowed  to  remain, 
although  its  facies  is  eminently  that  of  the  former  subgenus,  females 
only  having  been  known  until  recently  in  this  country.  Putzeys  in 
describing  the  only  specimen  (a  male)  in  the  Chaudoir  collection, 
refers  to  the  lower  tooth  of  the  middle  tibia  as  being  more  promi- 
nent than  the  upper,  and  says  that  the  hind  tibiie  are  glabrous  on 
the  inner  side.  In  studying  some  half  dozen  or  more  males  in  the 
collection  of  the  National  Museum,  I  have  been  unable  to  detect 
any  trace  of  teeth  on  the  middle  tibia;,  while  in  .several  specimens, 
carefully  cleaned,  a  sparse,  fine  pubescence  is  plainly  discernable  on 
those  of  the  posterior  legs.  Furthermore,  the  prosternum  is  very 
distinctly   margined  at  the  tip,  a  character  entirely  unknown   in 


ROLAND    HAYWARD.  41 

Ci/rtonotvs.  I  have,  therefore,  no  hesitation  in  restoring  it  to 
Bradijtus. 

But  slight  variation  has  been  observed.  This  is  mainly  in  the 
coarseness  of  the  punctuation  of  the  thorax  and  in  the  color  of  the 
legs,  some  individuals  having  thera  almost  entirely  rufous,  while  in 
others  the  tibiag  on  the  outer  side  and  the  tarsi  are  piceous.  This 
variation  is  indicated  by  Mannerheim  as:  "Var.  b.  Cuprea,  pedibus 
rufis,  tibiis  posticis  basis  tarsisque  omnibus  infuscatis." 

The  type  is  from  Kenai,  "  Var.  b"  from  Kamchatka,  and  I  have 
seen  specimens  from  Kenai  (LeConte  collection),  from  Ungava 
Bay,  Hudson  Bay  territory  and  from  Labrador. 

24.  A.  piitzeysi  Horn. 

So  closely  allied  to  apricaria  Payk.  as  to  require  no  special  de- 
scription. In  fact,  it  has  been  suggested  as  not  improbably  a  syno- 
nym of  that  species.  From  the  latter,  however,  it  is  .separable  by 
the  coarsely  punctured  prosterual  side  pieces.  The  prothorax  is 
only  very  feebly  emarginate  at  apex.  By  the  first  character  it 
approaches  glacialis  Mann. 

But  one  specimen,  Dr.  Horn's  type,  is  known  to  me.  It  meas- 
ures .32  inch  (8  mm.)  in  length,  is  a  female  and  is  in  the  LeConte 
collection.  Beneath  his  description  Horn  states  it  to  be  a  male,  but 
this  is  without  doubt  a  typographical  error.  The  example  referred 
to  not  only  bears  the  label  "type,"  but  agrees  with  the  description 
and  bears  all  labels  indicating  its  authenticity,  while  additional 
evidence  is  afforded  by  the  fact  that  Dr.  Horn  refers  to  no  secondary 
male  characters,  these  being  mentioned  in  the  same  paper  in  con- 
nection with  our  other  species  and  being  of  systematic  importance 
in  the  subgenus  Bradytus. 

It  was  received  by  Dr.  LeConte  from  Putzeys  as  coming  from  St. 
Pierre  Miquelon,  Newfoundland. 

25.  A.  apricaria  Pn.yk. — Form  moderately  elongate,  oblong-oval,  convex, 
the  elytra  slightly  flattened  on  the  disk.  Color  dark  nigro-piceoiis  or  nearly 
black,  sometimes  very  faintly  reneous,  shining,  the  surface  very  slightly  aluta- 
ceous  in  the  females.  Head  scarcely  narrower  than  the  thorax  at  apex  ;  frontal 
grooves  short,  not  extending  forward  on  to  the  epistonia;  eyes  large,  finely 
granulate;  antennge  rufous,  slightly  shorter  than  the  bead  and  thorax;  palpi 
rufous.  Prothorax  subquadrate,  rather  more  than  one-half  wider  than  long, 
broadest  about  the  middle,  wider  at  base  than  apex,  coarsely  punctate  at  base 
and  usually  with  a  few  punctures  near  the  apical  margin,  the  surface  more  or 

TE.\NS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  i  6)  MARCH.  190S. 


42  AMERICAN    COLEOPTERA.  ' 

less  transversely  wrinkled  alonj:  the  median  line;  apex  emarginate;  median  line 
distinct,  abbreviated  in  front;  transverse  impressions  varying  from  moderately 
vcell  marked  to  nearly  obsolete;  basal  impressiojis  broad,  deeply  bifoveate;  base 
truncate;  sides  with  the  margin  narrowly  reflexed,  rounded,  sinuate  immedi- 
ately in  front  of  the  hind  angles,  which,  though  small,  are  acute,  slightly  promi- 
nent and  obtusely  carinate.  Elytra  slightly  wider  than  the  thorax,  deeply 
striate;  strite  entire,  very  distinctly  and  closely  punctate,  the  punctures  becom- 
ing evanescent  at  tip;  scntellar  stria  long;  intervals  flat  or  nearly  so.  Body 
beneath  piceous;  prosternum  more  or  less  punctured  at  the  sides  in  front,  the 
prosterual  side-pieces  impunctate;  meso- and  metasternal  episterna  and  sides  of 
metasterjiurn  and  first  three  ventral  segments  closely  punctate.  Legs  rufous. 
Length  .24-.33  inch  ;  6-8.25  mm. 

In  the  males  there  is  a  deep  oval  fovea  on  the  prosternum  slightly 
in  front  of  the  middle,  while  between  tins  and  the  tip  is  a  short 
groove,,  the  latter  being  present  also  in  the  females,  though  less 
marked  than  in  the  males. 

But  slight  variation,  besides  what  is  indicated  in  the  description, 
is  shown.  A  few  specimens  in  the  series  before  me  are  devoid  of 
punctures  near  the  apex  of  the  thorax.  The  two  basal  joints  of  the 
middle  and  hind  tarsi  sometimes  exhibit  faint  traces  of  grooves. 
About  fifty  specimens  have  been  studied. 

It  is  known  to  me  from  the  Magdalen  Islands,  Nova  Scotia, 
Canada,  the  White  Mountains  of  New  Hampshire  (occurring  at 
as  high  an  altitude,  as  5053  feet,  as  the  Lake  of  the  Clouds  on 
Mt.  Washington),  Mt.  Desert,  Maine,  Lowell,  Tyngsboro,  Manches- 
ter, Methuen,  Brookline,  Nantucket  and  Chicopee,  Massachusetts, 
the  Adirondack  Mountains,  New  York,  and  Newark,  New  Jersey. 
It  occurs  also  in  Europe  and  Siberia.  To  the  kindness  of  Herr 
Th.  Gotzelmann  I  am  indebted  for  examples  from  Ujj)est,  Hungary. 

26.  A.  schwarsei  Nobis. — Form  oblong-oval,  moderately  convex,  the  elytra 
slightly  flattened  on  the  disk.  Color  dark  piceous  or  nearly  black,  with  faint 
feneous  lustre,  shining,  very  finely  ftlutaceous  in  the  females.  Head  scarcely 
narrower  than  the  thorax  at  apex  ;  eyes  moderately  large  and  prominent;  frontal 
grooves  short,  not  extending  forward  on  to  the  epistonia;  autennaj  slightly 
shorter  than  the  head  and  thoiax,  rufous;  palpi  rufous.  Prothorax  subquadrate, 
about  one-half  broader  than  long,  widest  about  the  middle,  slightly  wider  at 
base  than  apex  ;  apex  emargiiiate;  median  line  distinct,  slightly  abbreviated  in 
front;  transverse  impressions  feeble,  the  posterior  usually  obsolete;  basal  impres- 
sions broad,  deeply  bifoveate,  punctate;  base  truncate;  sides  with  the  maigin 
narrowly  reflexed,  but  translucent,  slightly  rounded  in  front,  oblique  beliind  ; 
angles  obtuse,  obtusely  carinate.  Elytra  slightly  wider  than  the  thorax,  striate; 
strise  entire,  punctate  to  behind  the  middle,  tlie  scutellar  stria  long;  intervals 
nearly  flat.  Body  beneath  piceous,  the  abdomen  tinged  with  rufous;  prosternum 
and  prosternal  side-pieces  impunctate;  mesosternal  episterna  sparsely  punctured 


ROLAND    HAYWARD.  43 

ill  front;  metastermim  and  nietasternal  episterna  impunctate ;  sides  of  first  two 
ventral  segments  finely  and  rather  sparsely  punctured.  Legs  dark  rufous. 
Length  .28-.32  inch  ;   7-8  mm. 

The  above  name  is  propo.^ed  in  place  of  septentrionalis  Lee. 
(1<S48),  the  latter  being  pre- occupied  (Curti.s,  Ann.  Mag.,  1840,  p. 
274).  I  take  plea.sure  in  dedicating  it  to  Mr.  E.  A.  Schwarz,  bv 
whom  most  of  the  specimens  in  our  collections  were  taken,  in 
acknowledgment  of  many  favors. 

In  the  males  the  prosternum  has  no  punctured  area  or  fovea,  but 
in  lieu  thereof  a  deep  groove  extending  from  the  ti|)  nearlv  to  the 
apical  margin.  This  is  represented  in  the  females,  but  is  less 
marked. 

But  slight  variation  is  shown.  As  in  apricaria,  the  first  two 
joints  of  the  middle  and  hind  tarsi  sometimes  exhibit  faint  traces 
of  an  external  groove. 

It  seems  most  nearly  related  to  latior  Kirby,  from  which  it  is 
separable  by  the  [)rosternal  characters  and  by  its  smaller  size. 

Known  only  from  Lake  Superior. 

27.  A.  latior  Kirby. — Form  obloug-oval,  moderately  elongate,  slightly 
convex,  the  elytra  more  or  less  flattened  ou  the  disk.  Color  dark  piceous  or 
black,  sometimes  sliglitly  teueous;  surface  very  finely  alutaceous  in  the  females. 
Head  scarcely  narrower  than  the  thorax  at  apex  ;  frontal  grooves  short,  not  ex- 
tending forward  on  to  the  epistoma;  eyes  moderately  large,  finely  granulate ; 
antennffi  slightly  shorter  than  the  head  and  thorax,  dark  rufous;  palpi  rufous. 
Prothorax  subquadrate, about  one-half  wider  than  long,  nearly  equally  narrowed 
before  and  behind,  widest  about  the  middle,  deeply  emarginate  at  apex  ;  base 
truncate  ;  anterior  transverse  impression  usually  distinct,  sometimes  nearly 
effaced,  the  posterior  usually  feebly  marked  at  middle;  median  line  distinct, 
abbreviated  in  front;  basal  impressions  broad,  distinctly  bifoveate,  jiunctate.  the 
inner  fovea  longer  than  the  outer;  sides  with  the  margin  narrowly  reflexed, 
arcuate,  less  strongly  so  behind,  rarely  obsoletely  sinuate  in  front  of  the  hind 
angles,  which  are  obtuse,  at  most  but  feebly  prominent,  and  very  obtusely  cari- 
nate.  Elytra  slightly  wider  than  the  thorax,  subparallel,  deeply  or  moderately 
deeply  striate;  stria;  entire,  varying  from  distinctly  to  obsoletely  punctate,  the 
punctures  becoming  evanescent  at  the  sides  and  towards  the  tip;  scutellar  stria 
long;  intervals  flat  or  nearly  so.  Body  beneath  dark  piceous  or  nearly  black, 
shining;  pro-,  meso-  and  metasterna  and  side-pieces  impunctate;  sides  of  the 
first  two  ventral  segments  sparsely  punctured.  Legs  varying  from  rufous  t(» 
rufopiceous  or  piceous.     Length  .35-. 43  inch  ;  8.75-10.75  mm. 

In  the  males  the  prosternum  has  a  shallow,  oval,  ])unctured  space 
at  middle,  sometimes  only  feebly  indicated  by  a  few  small  punctures. 

Our  largest  and  best  known  species  of  the  subgenus,  easily  recog- 
nizable by  the  characters  given  in  the  table. 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  X.XXIV.  MAECII,  1908. 


44  AMERICAN    COLEOPTEPvA. 

It  occurs  in  Canada,  the  New  England  States  and  westward  to 
California,  Oregon  and  British  Columbia,  extending  southward 
along  the  Rocky  Mountains  to  southern  Colorado. 

Subgenus  TRI^.SfA  Lee. 

Prothorax  not  wider  in  front  of  base.  Prosternum  margined  at 
tip.  Apical  spur  of  anterior  tibije  trifid.  Middle  tibise  not  dentate 
on  the  inner  side  in  the  males.  Hind  tibise  pubescent  on  the  inner 
side  in  the  males. 

The  essential  character  for  the  definition  of  this  subgenus  is 
afforded  by  the  structure  of  the  apical  spur  of  the  anterior  tibise, 
which  is  trifid  in  both  sexes.  Otherwise  the  characters  are  as  in 
Amara  s.  s.,  except  that  the  posterior  tibise  are  less  densely  pubes- 
cent on  the  inner  side  in  the  males.  The  species  bear  most  resem- 
blance to  A.  impuncticoUis,  and  in  all  but  one  of  those  of  our  fauna 
the  scutellar  stria  terminates  at  base  in  an  ocellate  puncture.  All 
the  femora  have  two  setigerous  punctures  along  the  inner  margin, 
and  the  middle  and  hind  tarsi  have  the  basal  joint  grooved  on  the 
outer  side.  The  number  of  anal  setre  difl^ers  in  the  sexes,  being  one 
each  in  the  males,  two  in  the  females. 

Our  species  may  thus  be  separated  : 

Scutellar  stria  of  elytra  terminating  at  base  in  an  ocellate  puncture. 

Antennje  witb  tbe  three  or  four  basal  joints  pale,  the  outer  ones  darker. 
Legs  rufotestaceous. 

Prothorax  narrowed  from  base  to  apex  ;  posterior  lateral  setigerous  punc- 
ture nearer  the  basal  than  the  side  margin,  hind  angles  obtuse  ;  fourth 
joint  of  antennie  in  great  part  pale.     Length  .22-. 32  inch. 

28.  aiigustatii  Say. 
Prothorax  narrowed  from  slightly  behind  the  middle  to  apex,  the  sides 

subparallel   behind,  posterior   setigerous   puncture   equidistant   from 
basal  and  lateral  margins,  hind    angles   sliarply  rectangular;  fourth 
joint  of  antennse  in  great  part  piceous. 
Sides  of  body  beneath  and   abdomen    smooth  ;    thorax   about   one-half 
wider  than  long,  apex  emarginate.     Length  .22-. 32  inch. 

29.  pallipes  Kirby. 
Sides  of  body  beneath  and  abdomen  coarsely,  sparsely  punctate;  thorax 

less  than  one-half  wider  than  long,  ai)ex  feebly  emarginate.      Ijength 

.27-.34  inch 30.  lougiila  Lee. 

Legs  in  front  part  piceous;  hind  angles  of  thorax  subrectangiilar.     I.,ength 

.27.-.34  inch 31.  Nciliila  Zimm. 

Antenuie  and  legs  entirely  rufotestaceous;  ujiddle  lobe  of  apical  spur  of  ante- 
rior tibise  obtuse  at  tip;  thorax  with  the  posterior  lateral  setigerous 
])iuicture  nearer  the  basal  than  the  side  nnirgin.    Length  .32-. 34  inch. 

32.  bt'If'rag<'i  Horn. 

Scutellar  stria  of  elytra   without   ocellate    puncture  at  base;    legs  rufopiceous. 

Length  .29-.32  inch 33.  arowolata  n.  sp. 


ROLAND    HAYWARD.  45 

28.  A.  angui^tata  Say. — Form  oval,  convex.  Color  a?neous,  shining.  Head 
scarcely  narrower  than  the  thorax  at  apex  ;  frontal  grooves  very  short;  antennae 
slightly  shorter  than  the  head  and  thorax,  slender,  the  first  three  joints  and  the 
greater  part  at  least  of  the  fourth  rufotestaceous,  the  outer  joints  darker;  palpi 
testaceous,  the  last  joint  darker.  Prothorax  about  one-half  wider  than  long, 
narrowed  from  immediately  in  front  of  base  to  apex ;  apex  feebly  emarginate ; 
sides  rounded,  more  strongly  in  front,  the  margin  narrowly  reflexed,  the  poste- 
rior lateral  setigerous  puncture  nearer  the  basal  than  the  side  margin  ;  transverse 
impressions  obsolete;  median  line  distinct,  abbreviated  before  and  behind  ;  outer 
basal  fovea  obsolete,  the  inner  obsolete  or  feebly  marked  ;  base  truncate,  the 
basal  margin  extending  about  three-fourths  the  distance  from  side  to  middle  ; 
hind  angles  obtuse,  rounded,  not  carinate.  Elytra  together  not  wider  than  the 
thorax,  narrowed  behind,  striate;  striae  entire,  deeper  behind,  the  scutellar  stria 
terminating  at  base  in  an  ocellate  puncture,  the  eighth  with  the  row  of  ocellate 
punctures  interrupted  at  middle;  intervals  nearly  flat.  Body  beneath  black, 
shining,  impunctate.  Legs  testaceous;  apical  spur  of  anterior  tibite  with  the 
inner  lobe  acute.     Length  .22-. 32  inch  ;  5.5-8  mm. 

Mo.st  near]}'  allied  to  pallipes,  but  distinct  by  the  characters 
given  above.  Its  form  is  more  convex  than  in  that  species,  and  the 
elytra,  which  are  not  wider  than  the  thorax,  are  more  acuminate 
at  tip. 

The  base  of  the  thorax  varies  from  impunctate  to  sparsely  punc- 
tured. The  elytral  striae  also  vary,  and,  while  impunctate  in  the 
majority  of  specimens,  are  occasionally  sparsely  punctate  at  base. 

It  occurs  from  Canada  and  the  New  England  States  southward 
to  Virginia  and  westward  to  Kansas. 

29.  A.  pallipes  Kirby. — Xearly  oval,  slightly  convex.  ^Eneous  or  nigro- 
seneous.  Head  as  wide  as  the  thorax  at  apex  ;  frontal  grooves  short;  antennae 
slender,  nearly  as  long  as  the  head  and  thorax,  piceous,  the  three  basal  joints  and 
usually  the  base  of  the  fourth  rufotestaceous;  palpi  rufotestaceous.  Prothorax 
about  one-half  wider  than  long,  narrowed  from  slightly  behind  the  middle  to 
apex;  apex  emarginate;  sides  arcuate  in  front,  subparallel  behind,  the  margin 
narrowly  reflexed,  the  posterior  setigerous  puncture  in  the  hind  angle  and  equi- 
distant from  basal  and  lateral  margins;  base  bisinuate,  the  basal  margin  extend- 
ing about  two-thirds  to  middle;  transverse  impressions  obsolete;  median  line 
fine,  abbreviated  at  each  end  ;  basal  impressions  distinct,  the  outer  fovea  shorter 
than  the  inner  and  usually  slightly  oblique;  surface  usually  sparsely  punctate  at 
base;  hind  angles  sharply  rectangular,  not  carinate.  Elytra  together  very 
slightly  wider  than  the  thorax,  rather  finely  striate,  not  acuminate  behind  ; 
striae  entire,  not  deeper  behind,  at  most  obsoletely  punctate,  the  .scutellar  stria 
terminating  at  base  in  an  ocellate  puncture,  the  eighth  with  the  row  of  ocellate 
punctures  rather  narrowly  interrupted  at  middle;  intervals  flat.  Body  beneath 
black,  impunctate.  Legs  rufotestaceous,  the  tarsi  slightly  darker;  apical  spur  of 
the  anterior  tibia;  with  the  middle  lobe  acute.     Length  .22-. 32  inch  ;  5.5-8  mm. 

TR.\NS.   AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  MARCH,  liiOS. 


46  AMERICAN    COLEOPTERA. 

Resembles  most  closely  A.  longula,  from  which  it  is  recognizable 
by  the  impunctate  parapleurse  and  sides  of  metasternum  and  abdo- 
men, as  well  as  by  the  proportionally  wider  prothorax,  the  apex  of 
which  is  more  distinctly  emarginate.  From  angustata  it  is  readily 
distinguishable  by  the  characters  given  in  the  table.  From  scihila 
it  differs  by  the  color  of  the  legs  and  the  slightly  different  form  of 
thorax,  while  the  color  of  the  antennae,  different  form,  and  acute 
middle  lobe  of  the  trifid  spur  of  the  anterior  tibise  separate  it  from 
helfragei,  and  the  presence  of  an  ocellate  puncture  at  the  base  of  the 
scutellar  stria  of  the  elytra  will  serve  to  distinguish  it  from  afoveolata. 

It  occurs  in  Canada,  the  Lake  Superior  region,  Mt.  Washington 
and  Shelburne,  New  Hampshire,  Cambridge,  Massachusetts,  New- 
York,  New  Jersey,  Iowa  and  Wisconsin. 

30.  A.  longula  Lee. 

This  species  resembles  most  closely  J.  ^^ai^ipes.  The  prothorax, 
though  proportionally  longer  as  compared  with  its  width,  is  nearly 
of  the  same  form,  being  narrowed  anteriorly  from  slightly  behind 
the  middle  to  the  apex,  with  the  sides  arcuate  in  front,  subparallel 
behind,  and  the  hind  angles  sharply  rectangular.  The  apex,  how'- 
ever,  is  only  very  feebly  emarginate.  Beneath,  the  meso-  and 
raetasternal  episterna,  sides  of  metasternum  and  of  the  ventral  seg- 
ments are  coarsely,  though  usually  sparsely,  punctured,  while  in 
pallipes  the  body  beneath  is  impunctate.  In  length  it  varies  from 
.27-.34  inch  ;  6.75-8.5  mm. 

From  scitida  it  is  distinguishable  by  the  color  of  the  legs  and 
slightly  different  form  of  the  thorax.  The  punctuation  of  the  under 
side  is  much  more  marked  than  in  the  latter  species,  in  many  speci- 
mens of  which  it  is  almost  or  entirely  wanting.  From  our  other 
species  it  is  recognizable  by  the  characters  given  in  the  table. 

It  occurs  along  the  Pacific  Coast  from  British  Columbia  to 
Southern  California. 

31.  A.  scitula  Zimm. 

Separable  from  our  other  species  of  the  subgenus  by  the  color  of 
the  legs,  which  are  entirely  or  in  great  part  piceous,  the  tibise  and 
tarsi  sometimes  rufopiceous,  while  the  femora  usually  have  a  more 
or  less  metallic  lustre.  The  meso-  and  metasternal  episterna  are 
often  very  sparsely  punctured,  but  this  character  does  not  appear  to 
be  constant  in  any  degree.     The  thorax  is  narrowed  anteriorly  from 


ROLAND    HAYVVARD.  47 

ti  sliglit  distance  in  front  of  the  base  and  the  hind  angles  are  sub- 
rectangular.  Its  size  is  the  same  as  longula  (.27-.34  inch  ;  6.75- 
8-5  mm.). 

It  occurs  along  the  Pacific  Coast  from  British  Columbia  to  San 
Diego,  California,  extending  eastward  probably  nearly  to  the  Rocky 
Mountains,  specimens  being  known  to  me  from  Idaho  and  Utah. 

32.  A.  belfragei  Horn. — Oval.  Piceous,  surface  slightly  bronzed,  shining. 
Antenn;e  rufotestacet)ns.  Prothorax  half  wider  than  long,  impuuctate,  arcuately 
narrowed  to  the  front.  Elytra  finely  striate,  more  deeply  at  apex  ;  sixth  and 
seventh  lateral  strife  almost  obliterated.  Body  beneath  piceous,  smooth,  shining, 
slightly  metallic;  epipleurie  slightly  paler.  Legs  rufotestaceous.  Length  .32- 
..■)4  inch  ;  8-8.5  mm. 

Separable  from  the  other  species  of  Triceua  by  the  characters 
given  in  the  table. 

It  occurs  at  Waco,  Texas. 

33.  A.  aroveolata  n.  sp. — Elongate-oval,  slightly  convex ;  form  nearly  as 
in  longula.  Black,  scarcely  metallic,  shining.  Head  as  wide  as  the  thorax  at 
apex;  frontal  grooves  distinct;  antennae  shorter  than  the  head  and  thorax, 
piceous,  the  first  three  joints  and  the  fourth  at  base  rufotestaceous;  palpi 
piceous.  Prothorax  scarcely  one-half  wider  than  long,  impunctate,  very  feebly 
emarginate  at  apex,  narrowed  from  about  the  middle  to  apex  ;  sides  with  the 
margin  narrowly  reflexed,  arcuate  in  front,  subparallel  behind,  the  posterior 
setigerous  puncture  in  the  hind  angle,  equidistant  from  basal  and  lateral  mar- 
gins; transverse  impressions  obsolete;  median  line  very  fine,  abbreviated  in 
front;  basal  impressions  distinct,  the  inner  fovea  longer  than  the  outer;  base 
very  feebly  bisinuate ;  hind  angles  rectangular,  not  carinate.  Elytra  scarcely 
wider  than  the  thorax,  finely  striate;  strite  entire,  very  finely  punctulate  to 
behind  the  middle,  the  scutellar  stria  without  ocellate  puncture  at  base,  the 
eighth  with  the  row  of  ocellate  punctures  interrupted  at  middle.  Body  beneath 
black,  slightly  seneous,  impunctate.  Legs  piceorufous;  apical  spur  of  anteiior 
tibite  with  the  inner  lobe  acute.     Length  .29-. 32  inch  ;  7.25-3  mm. 

Differs  from  all  our  other  species  of  Tricena  by  the  absence  of  the 
ocellate  puncture  at  the  base  of  the  scutellar  stria  of  the  elytra. 
From  longula,  which  it  most  nearly  resembles  in  form,  it  differs  also 
by  the  impunctate  under  side  of  the  body,  while  another  character 
for  its  separation  from  scitula  is  afforded  by  the  color  of  the  legs. 
The  thorax  is  also  of  slightly  different  form  from  that  of  the  last 
named  species. 

Described  from  one  nuile  and  two  females  in  the  LeConte  collec- 
tion. Of  these,  two  are  from  Vancouver  Island  and  one  from 
California. 

TRANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  MAKCH,  1908. 


48  AMERICAN    COLEOPTERA. 

Subgenus  .4MARA  s.  s. 

Prothorax  not  or  scarcely  perceptibly  wider  in  front  of  base. 
Prosternuni  margined  at  tip.  Apical  spur  of  the  anterior  tibiiie 
simple.  Middle  tibiae  not  dentate  on  the  inner  side  in  the  males. 
Hind  tibiise  distinctly  pubescent  on  the  inner  side  in  the  males. 

By  their  form  the  species  of  this  subgenus  bear  most  resemblance 
to  Celia,  from  which  the  line  of  separation  is  not  clearly  defined,  a 
few  species  of  the  latter  having  the  hind  tibiae  very  feebly  pubescent 
on  the  inner  side  in  the  males.  The  density  and  length  of  this 
pubescence  varies  to  some  extent  among  the  species  of  Amara  s.  s., 
but  it  is,  however,  always  distinct.  From  Tricena,  the  only  other 
subgenus,  except  the  present  and  Celia,  in  which  the  prothorax  is 
not  wider  in  front  of  base,  it  is  readily  distinguishable  by  the  sim- 
ple apical  spur  of  the  anterior  tibise.  With  Bradytus,  on  the  other 
hand,  which  approaches  it  most  nearly  of  any  of  the  subgenera  with 
the  thorax  wider  in  front  of  base,  it  agrees  in  having  the  posterior 
tibise  pubescent  on  the  inner  side  in  the  males,  and  is  separable  from 
it  only  by  the  form  of  the  thorax.  In  a  few  species,  as  in  insignis 
and  insularis,  in  which  the  hind  angles  are  somewhat  rounded,  the 
thorax  is  very  feebly  or  scarcely  perceptibly  narrowed  at  base,  but 
the  narrowing  is  so  slight  that  it  cannot  be  compared  with  that  seen 
in  any  of  our  species  of  Bradytus.  The  two  species  last  named 
seem  to  approach  that  subgenus  more  nearly  than  any  others  in  our 
fauna,  the  deep  puncture  at  the  middle  of  the  prosternuni  in  the 
males  recalling  the  punctured  fovea  occurring  in  the  same  situation 
in  that  sex  in  many  Bradyti.  From  the  other  three  subgenera  rep- 
resented in  our  fauna,  Leiocnemis,  Leironotus  and  Cyrtonotus,  it  is 
readily  recognizable  both  by  the  form  of  the  thorax  and  by  the 
pubescence  of  »the  hind  tibiae  of  the  males,  while  from  the  two  last 
it  differs,  in  addition  to  the  above  characters,  by  the  prosternuni 
margined  at  tip. 

The  secondary  sexual  characters  are  well  marked.  In  addition 
to  the  characters  above  mentioned  and  the  dilatation  of  the  anterior 
tarsi  in  the  males,  the  number  of  setigerous  punctures  on  each  side 
of  the  tip  of  the  last  ventral  segment  differs  in  the  two  sexes,  there 
being  one  in  the  males,  two  in  tlie  females  of  all  our  species.  In 
several  European  species,  however,  the  number  of  these  punctures  is 
the  same  in  both  sexes,  as  for  instance  shnUuta,  in  which  two  are 
present,  and  communis,  in  which  there  is  but  one.     The  males  of  at 


ROLAND    HAYVVARD.  49 

least  two  foreign  species,  slmilata  and  ovata,  have  the  middle  tibia; 
pubescent  on  the  inner  side.  I  have  not  detected  tliis  character  in 
any  of  those  in  our  fauna. 

It  is  hoped  that  the  following  table  will  assist  in  the  recognition 
of  our  species : 

Scutellar  stria  terminating  in  an  ocellate  puncture  at  base 2. 

Scutellar  stria  not  terminating  in  an  ocellate  puncture  at  base 3. 

2.  AntenniB  with  the  third  joint  not  carinate  above. 

Thoiax  deeply  emarginate  at  apex,  the  anterior  angles  prominent;  legs 
piceous  or  rufopiceous,  tibite  and  tarsi  paler.     Length  .28-. 40  inch. 

36.  iinpuncticolliM  Say. 
Thorax  broader,  less  deeply  emarginate  at  apex  ;  legs  darker.     Ijength  .29- 

.33  inch 37.  littoralis  E.'jch. 

Antennse  with  the  third  joint  carinate  above.     Length  .30-. 38  incli. 

38.  fallax   Lee. 

3.  Prosternum  of  male  without  deep  puncture  at  middle 4. 

Prosternum  of  male  with  a  deep  puncture  at  middle;  stri;e  of  elytra  inipunc- 

tate ;  anterior  and  middle  femora  with  numerous  setigerous  punctures 
along  the  inner  margin,  the  posterior  with  two;  antennae  with  joints 
2-3  not  carinate  above. 

Base  of  thorax  punctured.     Length  .35-. 50  inch 34.  insigilis  Dej. 

Base  of  thorax  not  punctured.    Length  .37-. 45  inch.  .35.  insularis  Horn. 

4.  Antennje  with  joints  2-3  not  carinate  above 5. 

Antennae  with  joints  2-3  carinate  above 8. 

5.  Base  of  thorax  and  elytral  striae  impunctate  or  at  most  obsoletely  punctured  ; 

body  beneath  impunctate 6. 

Base  of  thorax,  elytral  striae,  sides  of  metasternum,  metasternal  episterna  and 
sides  of  first  three  ventral  segments  punctured  ;  front  and  hind  femoia 
with  two,  the  middl*  with  three  setigerous  punctures  along  the  inner 
margin.     Length  .28-.34  inch 39.  basillaris  Say. 

6.  Thorax  at  least  one-half  wider  than  long,  emarginate  at  apex  ;  all  the  femora 

with  two  setigerous  punctures  along  the  inner  margin 7. 

Thorax  but  little  wider  than  long,  apex  very  feebly  emurginate;  bind  angles 
sharply  rectangular.      Length  .32  inch. .. -44.  briiiiiiipes  Motsch. 

7.  Terminal  spur  of  anterior  tibise  stouter  than  usual  ;  thorax  narrowing  from 

basal  angles  to  apex,  rather  feebly  emarginate  at  apex  ;  posterior  lat- 
eral seta  distant  from  side  margin  ;  form  broad,  robust.     Length  .29- 

.36  inch 40.  craMsispiiia  Lee. 

Terminal  spur  of  anteiior  tibiae  normal. 

Thorax  narrowing  from  basal  angles  to  apex,  nearly  twice  as  wide  at  base  as 
apex,  apex  very  deeply  emarginate,  posterior  lateral  seta  distant  from 
side  margin,  hind  angles  rectangular;  head  small  ;  form  very  convex  ; 
legs  rufous.     Length  .32  inch 4L  parviceps  n.  sp. 

Thorax  narrowing  from  in  front  of  base;  head  normal. 

Hind  angles  of  thorax  obtuse,  the  posterior  lateial  .seta  distant  from  side 
margin  and  much  nearer  the  basal;  legs  piceo-rufous.  Length  .26-. 33 
inch 42.  ciipreolata  Putz. 

TR.\NS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (7)  M.ARCH.  1908. 


50  AMERICAN    COLEOPTERA. 

Hind  angles  of  tborax  rectangular,  the  posterior  lateral  seta  equidistant 
from  side  and  basal  margins;  legs  black ;  form  less  convex.     Length 

.35-. 42  inch 43.  coiiHsita  Lee. 

8.  Basal  impressions  of  thorax  feeble  or  nearly  ob.-solete. 

Middle  femora  with  four  setigerou.s  i)unctures  along  the  inner  niaigin. 
Strije  of  elytra  impunctate;  base  of  thorax  impunctate. 

Form  oblong-oval ;  })osterior  lateral  seta  of  thorax  nearer  the  basal  thwn 
the  side  margin  ;  dull  black  or  at  most  feebly  seneous.     Length  .30- 

.36  inch 45.  proteiisa  Putz. 

Form   ratlier  broadly  oval;  posterior  lateral  seta  of  thorax  equidisant 
from  side  and  basal  margins;  shining,  usually  more  or  less  aeneous. 

Length  .32-.35  inch 46.  cont'iiiia  Lee. 

Stria-  of  elytra   punctured,  sometimes  very  feel)ly  ;    base  of  thorax  sub- 
punctate.    Length  .27-. 32  inch 47.  subpunclala  Lee. 

Middle  femora  with  two  setigerous  punctures  along  the  inner  margin,  striae 
of  elytra  finely  punctulate.     Length  .29-. 31  inch. 

48.  ceelebs  n.  sp. 

Basal  impressions  of  thorax  well  marked,  the  outer  oblique;  middle  femora 

with  four  setigerous  punctures  along  the  inner  margin.     Length  .25- 

.28  inch 49.  polila  Lee. 

34.  A.  in^ignis  Dej. — Form  nearly  ovate,  convex.  Color  above  nigro- 
ieneous  or  nigro-cyaneous,  shining,  the  females  slightly  alutaceous.  Head 
slightly  narrower  than  the  thorax  at  apex  ;  antennae  shorter  than  the  head  and 
thorax,  not  carinate,  rufous;  palpi  rufous.  Prothorax  subquadrate.  about  one- 
half  wider  than  long,  narrower  at  apex,  widest  immediately  in  front  of  the  hind 
angles:  apex  feebly  emarginate;  surface  impunctate,  except  at  sides  of  base, 
where  it  is  distinctly  but  not  densely  punctured  ;  median  line  distinct,  extend- 
ing between  the  transverse  impressions,  which  are  rather  feebly  marked  ;  basal 
impressions  shallow,  bifoveate ;  sides  rounded  in  front,  nearly  parallel  behind, 
the  margin  slightly  wider  posteriorly ;  base  truncate  ;  hind  angles  obtuse, 
rounded,  not  carinate.  Elytra  slightly  wider  than  the  thorax,  subparallel, 
moderately  deeply  striate;  striae  impunctate,  the  scutellar  stria  without  ocellate 
puncture  at  base,  the  eighth  with  the  row  of  ocellate  punctures  rather  narrowly 
interrupted  at  middle;  intervals  nearly  flat.  Body  beneath  piceons,  impunctate, 
the  posterior  ventral  segments  slightly  paler;  prosternnm  rounded  at  tip.  Legs 
rufopiceous,  the  anterior  and  middle  femora  with  numerous,  the  posterioi-  with 
two  setigerous  punctures  along  the  inner  margin  ;  tarsi  not  grooved.  Length 
.35-.50  inch  ;  8.75-12.5  mm. 

The  males  have  a  hirge,  deep  puncture  at  the  middle  of  the  })ro- 
.sternum.  The  posterior  tihite  are  densely  ])ubescent  on  the  inner 
side,  and  the  i)ubescence  in  this  species  and  the  next  is  longer  than 
usual. 

Distinct  from  all  our  other  species,  except  insularif^,  by  the  pecu- 
liar prostei'nal  character  of  the  males.  From  the  latter  it  is  readily 
recognizable  by  the  characters  given  in  the  table. 

It  occurs  in  California  and  Alaska. 


ROLAND    HAY WARD.  51 

35.  A.  iiiMiiItiris  Horn. 

A^ery  clo.se  to  the  preceding,  from  wliich  it  difier.s  by  its  slightly 
more  convex  and  more  robust  form,  and  by  the  ab.sence  of  punc- 
tures at  the  sides  of  the  base  of  the  thorax.  I  have  never  seen 
any  specimens  with  bluish  surface  lustre,  all  having  a  distinct 
seneous  tinge.  The  femoral  setce  are  as  in  insignis,  and  the  males 
have  a  large,  deep  puncture  at  the  middle  of  the  prosternum,  as  in 
that  species.  Its  length  ranges,  in  some  thirty  examples  studied, 
from  .37-.45  inch;  9.25-11.25  mm. 

It  occurs  on  the  islands  along  the  coast  of  the  southern  |)art  of 
California.  Most  of  the  specimens  seen  are  from  Santa  Barbara 
Island,  San  Nicolas  Island  and  Santa  Rosa  Island. 

36.  A.  impuiicticollis  Say. — Foitn  oval,  convex.  Color  aeiieotis  or  nigro- 
seneous,  often  tinged  with  green,  shining,  the  surface  alutaceous  in  the  females. 
Head  slightly  narrower  than  the  thorax  at  apex  ;  antennse  shorter  than  the  head 
and  thorax,  not  carinate,  the  three  basal  joints  rufous,  the  outer  ones  darker; 
palpi  rufopiceous.  Prothorax  subquadrale,  at  base  as  wide  as  the  elytra,  nar- 
rowed from  slightly  behind  the  middle  to  apex;  surface  impuncitate;  apex 
deejily  emarginate,  the  anterior  angles  prominent  hut  rounded  ;  transverse  and 
basal  impressions  obsolete  or  nearly  so,  the  latter  rarely  feebly  marked,  especially 
the  inner  fovea  ;  median  line  fine,  abbreviated  before  and  behind  ;  sides  with  the 
margin  nsirrowly  reflexed,  slightly  rounded  in  front,  subparallel  behind  :  base 
very  feebly  bisinuous;  hind  angles  rectangular,  rounded  at  tip,  not  carinate,  the 
posterior  lateral  setigerous  puncture  nearer  the  basal  than  the  side  margin. 
Elytra  striate;  strife  entire,  iinpunctate,  the  scuteliar  strise  terminating  in  an 
oceiiate  puncture,  the  eighth  stria  with  the  row  of  ocellate  punctures  narrowly 
interrupted  at  middle;  intervals  flat  or  nearly  so.  Body  beneath  black,  impunc- 
tate;  prosternum  rounded  at  tip.  Femora  piceous,  tibiae  and  tarsi  rufous  or 
rufopiceous;  all  the  femora  with  two  setigerous  punctures  along  the  inner  mar- 
gin; middle  and  hind  tarsi  with  the  basal  joint  grooved  on  the  outer  side. 
Length  .28-.40  inch  ;  7-10  mm. 

A  stuily  of  a  large  series  of  specimens  show.s  a  comparativelv 
slight  range  of  variation,  this  being  principally  in  brilliancy  of 
color,  size  and  in  the  distinctness  of  the  l)asal  impressions.  U.suallv 
the  latter  are  obsolete  or  nearly  so,  while  in  a  comparatively  few 
the  inner  fovea,  although  very  shallow,  is  moderately  distinct  and 
linear,  the  outer,  at  most,  existing  as  a  faint  and  verv  poorlv  defined 
depression. 

It  seems  to  make  the  nearest  approach  to  the  subgenus  Trurna. 

From  most  of  our  other  species  it  is  at  once  recognizable  bv  the 
presence  of  an  ocellate  puncture  at  the  base  of  the  scuteliar  stria,  a 
character  occurring  in  nearly  all  our  species  of  Tr'nvnn,  but  observ- 

TR.\NS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  MARCH.  190S. 


52  AMERICAN    COLEOPTERA. 

able  elsewhere  iu  the  present  subgeuus  only  in  fallax  and  littorulis. 
From  the  former  it  is  recognizable  by  the  non-carinate  third  joint 
of  the  antennae,  and  the  prosternum  is  more  attenuate  at  tip  and 
less  broadly  rounded.  From  the  latter  it  is  distinguishable  only  by 
the  slightly  longer  thorax,  which  is  more  deeply  emarginate  at 
apex,  and  by  the  somewhat  paler  legs ;  all  characters  of  rather 
doubtful  value. 

The  basal  joint  of  both  the  middle  and  posterior  tarsi  is  grooved 
on  the  outer  side,  and  a  shorter  groove  is  usually  also  to  be  seen  on 
the  second  joint  of  both  pairs. 

It  is  very  widely  distributed,  being  known  to  me  from  Prince 
Edward  Island,  Canada,  Michigan  and  the  Lake  Superior  region, 
Florida,  Louisiana,  Wyoming,  Colorado  and  from  nearly  all  the 
States  east  of  the  Rocky  Mountains,  as  well  as  from  Oregon, 
Washington  and  British  Columbia.  Mannerheim  records  it  from 
Alaska. 

37.  A.  liftoralis  Maun. 

Separated  fi-om  A.  imjnincticollis  by  slight  and  j)robably  insuffi- 
cient charactei's.  In  littoralis  the  thorax  is  somewhat  broader  and 
less  deeply  emarginate  at  the  apex,  and  the  legs  are  darker  than  iu 
impundicollu. 

In  size  A.  impuncticollis  ranges  from  .28-.40  inch;  7-10  mm.; 
littoralis  from  .29-.33  inch  ;  7.25-8.25  mm.  Amara  iinjmncticoilis, 
as  noted  above,  is  widely  distributed  ;  its  occurrence  in  Alaska, 
however,  needs  verification.  The  type  of  littoralis  is  from  Sitkha 
and  all  the  specimens  known  to  me  are  from  Alaska. 

38.  A.  I'allax  Lee. — Nearly  oval,  muderately  convex,  above  feneoiis  or 
iiigro-aineous,  surface  shining  in  the  males,  alutaceoiis  in  the  females.  Head 
slightly  uarrovrer  than  the  thorax  at  apex;  anteume  shorter  than  the  head  and 
thorax,  piceous  or  rufopiceous,  the  three  basal  joints  rufous,  joints  2-3  carinate 
above;  palpi  piceous.  Prothorax  snbquadrate,  impunctate,  more  than  one-half 
wider  than  long,  widest  at  base,  narrowed  from  sliglitly  in  front  of  the  base  to 
apex;  apex  emarginate;  sides  rounded  from  slightly  in  front  of  base,  margin 
narrovply  reflexed,  the  posterior  puncture  about  equidistant  from  the  lateral  and 
basal  margins;  base  feebly  bisinuous;  transverse  ini])ressions  obsolete;  median 
line  fine,  abbreviated  in  front;  basal  impressions  feeble;  hind  angles  rectangu- 
lar, not  carinate.  Elytra  slightly  wider  than  the  thorax,  striate;  striaj  entire, 
impunctate,  the  scutellar  stria  terminating  in  an  ocellate  puncture  at  base,  the 
eiglith  witii  the  row  of  ocellate  punctures  rather  narrowly  interrupted  at 
middle;  intervals  flat.  Body  beneath  black,  impunctate;  prosternum  broadly 
rounded  at  tip.     Legs  dark  piceous  or  nearly  black,  the  tibite  and  tarsi  usually 


ROLAND    HAYWARD.  53 

more  or  less  tinged  with  rufous;  nil  the  femora  with  two  setigerous  punctures 
along  the  inner  margin  ;  basal  joint  of  middle  and  hind  tarsi  grooved  on  the 
outer  side.     Length  .30-. 38  inch  ;  7.5-9.5  mm. 

This  species  resembles  very  closely  wtpwicticollis.  The  essential 
character  separating  the  two  consists  in  the  earination  of  the  second 
and  third  joints  of  tlie  antennae.  This  character  is  less  developed 
in  this  species  than  in  most  of  the  others  in  which  it  is  observable, 
and,  in  fact,  in  some  examples  the  carina  of  tlie  second  joint  is 
scarcely  discernable.  The  thorax  is  somewhat  less  deeply  eniargi- 
nate  at  apex,  and  the  prosternum  is  more  broadly  rounded  at  tip, 
while  the  form  is  slightly  less  oval.  From  all  our  other  species  of 
the  subgenus,  except  impxuicticollis  and  littoralis.  it  is  readily  dis- 
tinguishable by  the  presence  of  an  ocellate  puncture  at  the  base  of 
the  scutellar  sti-ia  of  the  elyti-a. 

It  is  known  to  me  from  Massachusetts,  New  York,  New  Jersey, 
Pennsylvania,  iNIaryland,  Illinois,  Mi.ssouri,  Nebra.ska,  Colorado, 
New  Mexico,  Utah,  Idaho,  Nevada  and  along  the  Pacific  Coast 
from  California  to  British  Columbia. 

39.  A.  ha««illariM  Say. — Form  oblong,  convex.  Color  vaiying  from  seneous 
to  nearly  black,  shining.  Head  scarcely  narrower  than  the  thorax  at  apex; 
antenna  shorter  than  the  head  and  thorax,  not  carinate,  piceous,  the  three  basal 
joints  rufous;  paljii  piceous.  Prothorax  snbquadrate,  nearly  twice  as  wide  as 
long,  narrowed  from  about  the  middle  to  apex,  sparsely  but  distinctly  punctate 
each  side  of  base;  apex  slightly  emarginate;  sides  rounded  in  front,  nearly 
parallel  behind,  the  miirgin  narrowly  reflexed  ;  transverse  impressions  obsolete 
or  nearly  so,  the  anterior  sometimes  feebly  marked  ;  median  line  very  fine;  basal 
impressions  usually  distinct,  the  inner  longer  thftn  the  outer,  rarely  somewhat 
poorly  defined  ;  base  very  feebly  bisiuuous  ;  hind  angles  rectangular,  not  carinate. 
Elytra  moderately  deeply  striate;  stri*  punctate,  entire,  the  scutellar  stria 
without  ocellate  puncture  at  base,  the  eighth  with  the  row  of  ocellate  punctures 
narrowly  interrupted  at  middle;  intervals  nearly  flat.  Body  beneath  dark 
piceous  or  black  ;  prosternum  broadly  rounded  at  tip ;  sides  of  metasternum  and 
metasternal  episterna  sparsely  punctured,  the  sides  of  the  first  tliree  ventral  seg- 
ments more  densely  so.  Legs  rufous  or  rufopiceous,  the  femora  often  darker; 
anterior  and  posterior  femora  with  two,  the  middle  femora  with  three  setigerous 
punctures  along  the  inner  margin  ;  tarsi  not  grooved.  Length  .28-. 34  inch;  7- 
8.5  ram. 

The  pubescence  of  the  posterior  tihite  in  the  males  is  somewhat 
more  dense  and  longer  than  in  most  of  our  species.  In  the  females 
the  surface  is  scarcely  perceptil)ly  alutaceous. 

The  posterior  lateral  .setigerous  puncture  of  the  thorax  is  much 
smaller  than  usual,  and  is  about  equidistant  from  tiie  side  and  basal 
margins. 

TBA.NS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  MAKCH,  1908. 


54  AMERICAN    COLEOPTERA. 

Oue  of  our  most  easily  recognizable  species,  possessing  several 
well-marked  characters. 

It  is  known  to  me  from  New  Hampshire,  Massachusetts,  Rhode 
Island,  New  York,  Pennsylvania,  Maryland  and  Virginia. 

40.  A,  crassispiiia  Lee. — Broadly  oval,  moderately  convex.  J^neous  or 
nigro-seneous,  shining;  surface  finely  alutaceous,  more  strongly  in  the  females. 
Head  slightly  narrower  than  the  thorax  at  apex  ;  antennje  not  carinate,  shorter 
than  the  head  and  thorax,  piceous,  the  three  basal  joints  rufous;  palpi  piceous. 
Prothorax  subquadrate,  impunctate,  more  than  one-half  wider  than  long,  nar- 
rowed from  base  to  apex;  apex  slightly  emarginate;  sides  slightly  arcuate,  more 
strongly  anteriorly,  margin  narrowly  reflexed,  the  posterior  setigerous  puncture 
large,  distant  from  the  side  margin  ;  transverse  impressions  obsolete  or  nearly 
so;  median  line  fine,  abbreviated  at  each  end  ;  basal  impi-essions  nearly  obsolete, 
the  inner  sometimes  feebly  distinct;  base  feebly  bisinuous;  hind  angles  not 
prominent,  subrectanguiar,  slightly  rounded,  not  carinate.  Elytra  slightly  wider 
than  the  thorax,  striate;  stride  entire,  impunctate,  the  scutellar  stria  without 
ocellate  puncture  at  base,  the  eighth  with  the  row  of  ocellate  punctures  rather 
broadly  interrupted  at  middle;  intervals  flat.  Body  beneath  black,  impunctate; 
prosteruum  broad,  truncate  at  tip.  Legs  rufopiceous,  the  femora  darker;  all  the 
femora  with  two  setigerous  punctures  along  the  inner  margin  ;  anterioi-  tibia> 
with  the  apical  spur  stouter  than  usual ;  tarsi  n((t  grooved  on  the  outer  side. 
Length  .29-.36  inch  ;  7.25-9  mm. 

In  the  males  the  hind  tibise,  although  distinctly  pubescent,  are 
somewhat  less  conspicuously  so  than  is  usual  in  the  subgenus. 

From  allied  species  it  seems  distinct  by  the  characters  given  in 
the  table.  The  position  of  the  posterior  marginal  setigerous  punc- 
ture is  nearly  as  in  cupreolata,  while  the  tip  of  the  prosternum 
recalls  that  of  conflata. 

It  occurs  from  Massachusetts  southward  to  South  Carolina 
and  Alabama  and  westward  to  Lake  Superior,  but  appears  to 
be  local. 

4L  A.  parviceps  n.  sp. — Form  nearly  oblong,  very  convex.  Color  black, 
.shining.  Head  small,  slightly  narrower  tlian  the  thorax  at  apex,  and  scarcely 
one-half  as  wide  as  the  thorax  at  base;  frontal  grooves  obsolete ;  antennae  not 
carinate.  with  the  three  basal  joints  testaceous,  the  next  four  rufopiceous  (the 
others  lacking  in  the  type);  palpi  testaceous.  Prothorax  very  convex,  about 
one-half  wider  than  long,  narrowed  from  ba.se  to  apex;  very  strongly  narrowed 
from  base  to  apex,  very  strongly  narrowed  in  front  of  middle;  apex  deeply 
emarginate,  the  anterior  angles  prominent,  rounded  ;  transverse  and  basal  im- 
pressions obsolete;  median  line  fine,  abbreviated  in  ficint;  sides  with  the  margin 
narrowly  reflexed,  arcuate,  the  posterior  lateral  setigerous  punctures  large, 
distant  from  the  side  margin  ;  base  nearly  truncate;  hind  angles  rectangular,  not 
carinate.  Elytra  not  wider  than  the  thorax,  parallel  to  behind  the  middle, 
striate;  striae  entire,  impunctate,  the  scutellar  stria  without  ocellate  puncture  at 


PwOLAND    HAYWARD.  55 

base,  the  eighth  with  the  row  of  oceliate  puuctures  narrowly  interrupted  at  mid- 
dle; intervals  nearly  flat.  Body  beneath  black,  impunctate  ;  prosternuni  rounded 
at  tip.  Legs  dark  rufous;  all  the  femora  with  two  setigerous  punctures  along 
the  inner  margin  ;  tarsi  not  gi'ooved  on  the  outer  side.     Length  .32  inch  ;  8  mm. 

Ajiproaches  most  nearly  A.  cupreolata,  from  which  it  seems 
iibundaiitly  di.stinct  by  tlie  form  of  the  thorax,  smaller  head  and 
color  of  tlie  legs.  The  posterior  lateral  setigerous  puncture  of  the 
thorax  is  even  more  distant  from  the  side  margin  than  in  that  species. 

Only  one  specimen,  a  male,  is  known  to  me.  It  is  from  Lake 
Superior,  and  is  in  the  LeConte  collection  at  Cambridge. 

42.  A.  cupreolala  Putz. — Oval,  convex.  Cupreo-seneous  or  more  rarely 
nigro-ffiiieous,  shining,  the  females  very  finely  alutaceous.  Head  slightly  nar- 
rower than  the  thorax  at  apex  ;  antennae  shorter  than  the  head  and  thorax,  not 
carinate,  piceous,  the  three  basal  joints  paler;  palpi  rnfopiceons.  Prothorax  sub- 
quadrate,  about  oue-half  wider  than  long,  wider  at  base  than  apex,  impunctate 
or  rarely  ohsoletely  punctured  at  base;  apex  deeply  emarginate,  the  anterior 
angles  rounded  but  prominent;  sides  narrowed  from  about  one-thiid  in  front  of 
base  and  rounded  to  apex,  margin  nariowly  reflexed,  the  posterior  setigerous 
puncture  distant  from  the  side  margin  and  distinctly  nearer  the  basal ;  transverse 
impressions  obsolete;  median  line  fine,  abbreviated  in  front;  basal  impressions 
feeble  and  poorly  defined  ;  base  nearly  truncate ;  hind  angles  obtuse,  rounded, 
not  carinate.  Elytra  not  wider  than  the  thorax,  subparallel  to  behind  the  mid- 
dle, striate;  strise  impunctate  or  rarely  ohsoletely  punctate,  entire,  the  scutellar 
stria  not  terminating  in  an  oceliate  puncture  at  base,  the  eighth  with  the  row  of 
oceliate  puiictures  rather  narrowly  interrupted  at  middle;  intervals  flat  or 
nearly  so.  Body  beneath  black,  impunctate;  prosternum  broadly  rounded  at 
tip.  Legs  piceo-rufous,  the  femora  usually  darker;  all  the  femora  with  two 
setigerous  punctures  along  the  inner  margin;  basal  joints  of  middle  and  hind 
tarsi  not  grooved.     Length  .26-. 33  inch  ;  6.5-8.25  mm. 

The  posterior  tibiae  of  the  males  are  moderately  densely  pubescent 
on  the  inner  side. 

Superficially  this  species  resembles  most  clo.^ely  mjmncticollis,  but 
is  at  once  recognizable  from  it  by  the  absence  of  the  oceliate  punc- 
ture at  the  base  of  the  scutellar  stria.  From  conflatu  it  is  readily 
distinguishable  by  the  obtuse  hind  angles  of  the  thorax,  the  position 
of  the  posterior  lateral  seta,  as  well  as  by  its  less  robust  form  and 
the  color  of  the  legs. 

Examples  have  been  seen  in  which  the  base  of  the  thorax  and 
elytral  strife  are  sparsely,  ohsoletely  punctate,  but  they  are  connected 
by  intergrades  with  the  typical  form. 

It  is  known  to  me  from  Canada,  New  Hampshire,  Ma.ssachusetts, 
New  York,  New  Jersey,  Pennsylvania,  Illinois,  Kentucky,  Utah, 
Nebraska,  Kansas  and  Colorado. 

TR.\NS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC;.  XXXIV.  MABCIl.  1908. 


56  AMERICAN    COLEOPTKRA. 

43.  A.  COiiflaf  a  Lee. — Form  broadly  oval,  moderately  convex.  Color  black, 
scarcely  seneoiis,  surface  finely  alutaceotis,  more  coarsely  in  tlie  females.  Head 
slightly  narrower  than  the  thorax  at  apex;  antennae  shorter  than  the  head  and 
thorax,  not  carinate,  piceous,  the  three  basal  joints  rufous;  palpi  rufopiceous. 
Prothorax  subquadrate,  about  one-half  wider  than  long,  very  distinctly  wider  at 
base  than  apex,  impunctured  ;  apex  emarginate ;  sides  rounded  in  front,  sub- 
parallel  behind  the  middle,  the  margin  narrowly  reflexed,  the  posterior  lateral 
setigerous  puncture  about  equidistant  from  the  side  and  basal  margins;  base 
bisinuous;  hind  angles  rectangular,  not  carinate.  Elytra  slightly  wider  than 
the  thorax,  striate;  striae  entire,  impunctate,  the  scutellar  stria  without  ocellate 
puncture  at  base,  the  eighth  with  the  row  of  ocellate  punctures  rather  broadly 
interrupted  at  middle ;  intervals  nearly  flat.  Body  beneath  black,  impunctate; 
prosternum  subtruncate  or  very  broadly  rounded  at  ti]i.  Legs  black;  all  the 
femora  with  two  setigerous  punctures  along  the  inner  margin  ;  middle  and  pos- 
terior tarsi  with  the  basal  joint  at  most  very  feebly  grooved  on  the  outer  side. 
Length  .35-.42  inch  ;  8.75-10.5  mm. 

Easily  known  from  A.  cupreolata  by  its  larger  size  and  less  con- 
vex form,  as  well  as  by  tlie  position  of  the  posterior  puncture  of 
the  side  margin  of  the  thorax  and  the  color  of  the  legs. 

It  occurs  along  the  Pacific  Coast  from  California  to  British 
Columbia,  and  I  have  seen  one  specimen  from  Utah. 

44.  A.  brunnipes  Motsch. — Form  elongate,  convex.  Nigro-a>neous,  very 
finely  alutaceous.  Head  scarcely  narrower  than  the  thorax  at  apex;  antenna" 
shorter  than  the  head  and  thorax,  not  carinate,  piceous,  the  first  three  joints 
paler;  palpi  dark  rufous.  Prothorax  subquadrate,  slightly  wider  than  long, 
wider  at  base  than  apex,  impunctate;  sides  subparallel  behind,  rounded  from 
about  the  middle  to  apex,  the  margin  narrowly  reflexed  ;  apex  very  slightlj' 
emarginate;  transverse  and  basal  impressions  obsolete;  median  line  very  fine; 
base  truncate;  hind  angles  rectangular,  not  carinate,  the  posterior  lateral  seta  in 
the  hind  angle.  Elytra  very  slightly  wider  than  the  thorax,  striate;  striae  im- 
punctate, entire,  the  scutellar  stria  without  ocellate  puncture  at  base,  the  eighth 
with  the  row  of  ocellate  punctures  very  broadly  interrupted  at  middle;  intervals 
flat.  Body  beneath  dark  piceous,  impunctate.  Front  and  middle  legs  daik 
rufous  (the  hind  pair  wanting  in  the  specimen  studied) ;  middle  femora  with  two 
setigerous  punctures  along  the  inner  margin;  terminal  spur  of  anterior  tibise 
somewhat  stouter  than  usual.     Length  .32  inch  ;  8  mm. 

The  above  description  is  from  a  mutillated  female  in  the  LeConte 
collection.  It  is  from  California,  and  is  the  only  example  known 
to  me.     The  anal  segment  is  bisetose  each  side. 

45.  A.  pi'olcnNa.  Putz. — Oblong-oval,  moderately  convex.  Black  sometimes 
tinged  with  blue  or  rarely  slightly  aeneous,  usually  dull,  the  surface  alutaceous, 
more  strongly  so  in  the  females,  at  most  feebly  shining  in  the  males.  Head 
slightly  narrower  than  the  thorax  at  apex  ;  antennae  shorter  than  the  head  and 
thorax,  black,  the  two  basal  joints  rufous,  the  second  usually  somewhat  darker, 
joints  2-3  strongly  carinate;    palpi  black.     Prothorax   subquadrate,  more  than 


ROLAND     HAYWAKD.  0/ 


i>ne-lialf  wider  than  loiijr,  very  distinctly  wider  at  base  than  apex,  inipunetale  : 
apex  emarjrinate,  tlie  anterior  angles  pronnnent,  but  rounded:  sides  with  tlie 
margin  narrowly  reflexed,  rounded  from  slightly  behind  the  middle  to  apex,  the 
posterior  setigerous  puncture  nearer  the  basal  than  the  lateial  margin;  trans- 
verse impressions  obsolete  or  nearly  so;  median  line  fine,  abbreviated  in  front; 
basal  impressions  feeble  or  nearly  obsolete;  base  sliglitly  liisinuous;  hind  anglc;- 
siibrectangular.  slightly  rounded  at  tip.  not  carinate.  Elytra  slightly  wider  than 
the  thorax,  finely  striate,  the  sides  subparallel  to  behind  the  middle;  liunieri 
slightly  prominent;  striae  entire,  impunctate,  the  scutellar  stiia  not  terniinatiiig 
in  an  ocellate  puncture  at  base;  the  eighth  with  the  row  of  ocellate  punctures 
narrowly  interrupted  at  middle;  intervals  fiat  or  nearly  so.  Body  benealli 
black,  impunctate ;  presternum  rounded  at  tip.  Legs  black;  anterior  and  hind 
femora  with  two.  the  middle  with  four  setigerous  j)unctures  along  the  inner 
margin  ;  middle  and  hind  tarsi  with  the  basal  joint  not  grooved  on  the  ontei- 
side.     Length  .30-. 36  inch  ;  7.5-9  mm. 

Very  closely  allied  to  confusa,  from  which  it  is  not  easily  recog- 
nizable except  by  comparison.  The  forn)  is  more  oblong  and  less 
convex,  and  the  color  duller  and  less  aeneous.  The  hind  angles  of 
the  thorax  are  slightly  rounded  at  tip,  and  the  humeri  of  the  elytra 
more  prominent.  The  posterior  setigerous  puncture  at  the  side  of 
the  thorax  is  nearer  the  basal  than  the  lateral  margin. 

It  is  apparently  northern  in  its  distribution.  Specimens  have 
l)een  seen  from  the  Hudson  Bay  region,  Alberta,  M(uitana,  Wyom- 
ing and  the  mountains  of  Colorado.  It  was  described  by  Putzeys 
from  the  shores  of  the  Rupert  River,  Hudson  Bay  Territory. 

46.  A.  confuMa  Lee— Characters  nearly  as  in  protenm  I'utz.  Form  less 
oblong,  broadly  oval,  more  '•onv'jx.  Color  seneous  or  nigro-aeneous,  the  surface 
shitiing.  Prothorax  slightly  less  deeply  eniarginate  at  apex;  posterior  lateral 
Setigerous  puncture  equidistant  from  side  and  basal  margins;  hind  angles  rec- 
tangular. Elytral  humeri  somewhat  less  prominent.  Middle  and  hind  tarsi 
with  the  basal  joint  at  most  finely  grooved  externally.  Length  .3:2-. 35  inch  ;  8- 
8.75  mm. 

As  will  be  seen  by  the  above  brief  resume  of  the  points  of  diiier- 
ence  between  this  and  the  preceding  species,  the  two  are  difficult  of 
separation,  those  most  worthy  of  note  being  the  more  oval  and  more 
convex  form  of  confusa,  with  its  more  shining  surface,  and  the 
different  position  of  the  posterior  puncture  of  the  side  margin  of  the 
prothorax.  The  antennse  are  of  the  same  color  as  in  protensa,  with 
the  second  and  third  joints  strongly  carinate  above.  The  arrange- 
ment and  number  of  the  setigerous  punctures  along  the  inner  m:ii-- 
gin  of  the  femora  is  also  alike  in  the  two  species. 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (fi)  M  .\RCH.  1908. 


58  AMERICAN    COLEOPTERA. 

It  is  abundant  in  the  Rocky  Mountains  of  Colorado,  extending 
northward  to  Alberta,  and  from  thence  westward  to  Oregon  and 
British  Columbia. 

47.  A.  subpiiiictaf a  Lee. — Oval,  moderately  convex.  Nigio-jeneous, 
shining;  surface  finely  alutaceous.  Head  slightly  narrower  tlian  the  thorax  at 
apex;  antennae  shorter  tlian  the  head  and  thorax,  black,  the  two  basal  joints 
paler,  joints  2-3  strongly  carinate;  palpi  piceous.  Prothorax  nearly  twice  as 
wide  as  long,  snliquadrate,  narrowed  from  slightly  in  front  of  base,  usually  sub- 
punctate  at  base;  apex  emarginate,  the  anterior  angles  not  prominent;  sides 
rounded,  the  margin  narrowly  reflexed,  the  posterior  lateial  setigerous  jiuncture 
about  equidistant  from  basal  and  lateral  margins;  transverse  impressions  obso- 
lete; median  line  fine,  subentire ;  basal  impressions  sliallow  and  rather  feebly 
defined,  the  inner  linear,  the  outer  forming  a  broad  depression  ;  base  tiuncate; 
hind  angles  rectangular,  not  carinate.  Elytra  very  slightly  wider  than  the 
thorax,  striate;  strise  entire,  punctate,  sometimes  very  finely,  the  scutellar  stria 
without  ocellate  puncture  at  base,  the  eighth  with  the  row  of  ocellate  punctures 
narrowly  interrupted  at  middle;  intervals  flat.  Body  beneath  black,  impunc- 
tate.  Legs  black;  anterior  and  hind  femora  with  two,  the  middle  with  four 
setigerous  punctui'es  along  the  inner  margin  ;  tarsi  not  grooved  on  the  outer 
side.     Length  .27-.32  inch  ;  6.75-8  mm. 

Very  closely  allied  to  confusa,  from  which  it  differs  by  the  better 
defined  basal  impressions  of  the  thorax  and  the  punctate  elytral 
strise.  The  ptinctuation  of  the  latter  is  subject  to  some  variation, 
being  usually  fine  and  not  clearly  defined,  although  in  one  or  two 
examples  seen  it  is  very  distinct.  That  of  the  base  of  the  thorax  is 
very  feeble,  in  some  specimens  obsolete.  The  basal  impressions  of 
the  thorax,  although  better  defined  than  in  conftisa  and  protensa, 
are  much  less  distinct  than  in  polita. 

It  occurs  in  Colorado  and  New  Mexico. 

43.  A.  coeleb$>»  n.  sp. — Form  rather  elongate,  nearly  oval,  convex.  Color 
above  seneous,  shining,  the  inflexed  portion  of  the  elytra  more  or  less  tinged 
with  green  ;  surface  very  finely  alutaceous.  Head  as  wide  as  the  thorax  at  apex  ; 
frontal  grooves  very  short,  punctiform  ;  antenna;  shorter  than  the  head  and 
thorax,  black,  the  two  basal  joints  dark  rufous,  joints  2-3  distinctly  carinate 
jibove ;  palpi  black.  Prothorax  subquadrate,  more  than  one-half  wider  tlian 
long,  impunctate,  narrowed  from  slightly  in  front  of  base;  apex  emarginate; 
sides  rounded,  the  margin  narrowly  reflexed,  the  posterior  lateral  setigeious 
puncture  much  nearer  the  basal  than  the  side  margin  ;  base  truncate;  transverse 
impressions  obsolete;  median  line  very  fine,  abbreviated  in  front;  basal  impies- 
sions  feeble;  hind  angles  slightly  obtuse,  slightly  rounded  at  tip,  not  carinate 
Elytra  scarcely  wider  than  the  thorax,  finely  striate;  stria;  entire,  finely  but 
distinctly  punctulate,  sutural  stria  without  ocellate  puncture  at  base,  the  eighth 
with  the  row  of  ocellate  punctures  rather  broadly  interrupted  at  middle  ;  inter- 
vals flat.     Body  beneath  black,  slightly  icneous,  impunctate ;  prosternuni  very 


ROLAND    HAYWARD.  59 

broadly  rounded  at  tip.  Legs  nearly  black,  with  slight  seiieous  lustre ;  all  the 
femora  with  two  setigerous  punctures  along  the  inner  margin  ;  basal  joint  of 
middle  and  hind  tarsi  not  grooved  on  the  outer  side.  Length  .29-.31  inch  ;  7.25- 
7.75  mm. 

Witli  the  exception  of  fallax,  this  is  the  only  species  having  two 
setigerous  punctures  along  the  inner  margin  of  the  middle  femora, 
in  which  the  second  and  third  antennal  joints  are  carinate.  From 
tlie  latter  species  it  is  at  once  recognizable  by  the  absence  of  an 
ocellate  j)uncture  at  the  base  of  scutellar  stria,  as  well  as  by  other 
characters.  The  punctured  elytral  strife  are  of  rare  occurrence  in 
the  present  subgenus. 

Described  from  five  males  from  Osoyoos,  British  Columbia.  P^or 
the  example  in  my  cabinet  I  am  indebted  to  the  generosity  of  Mr. 
Chas.  Liebeck. 

49.  A.  polita  Lee. — Oval,  moderately  convex.  iEneons  or  nigro-teneous, 
sometimes  distinctly  bluish,  shining.  Head  nearly  as  wide  as  the  thorax  at 
apex;  antennte  shorter  than  the  head  and  thorax,  piceous,  the  three  basal  joints 
paler,  joints  2-3  distinctly  carinate;  palpi  piceous.  Prothorax  subquadrate. 
more  than  one-half  wider  than  long,  narrowed  from  about  one-third  in  front  of 
base,  impunctate  or  obsoletely  punctured  at  base  ;  apex  emarginate,  sides  rounded 
in  front,  margin  narrowly  reflexed,  the  posterior  lateral  seta  in  the  hind  angle; 
transverse  impressions  obsolete;  median  line  fine,  abbreviated  in  front;  basal 
impressions  distinct,  the  inner  longer  than  the  outer,  which  is  oblique;  base 
truncate;  hind  angles  rectangular,  not  carinate.  Elytra  only  very  slightly 
wider  than  the  thorax,  finely  striate;  striae  entire,  impunctate;  scutellar  stria 
without  ocellate  puncture  at  base,  the  eighth  with  row  of  ocellate  punctures  not 
widely  interrupted  at  middle  ;  intervals  flat  or  nearly  so.  Body  beneath  black, 
impunctate;  prosternum  rounded  at  tip.  Legs  piceous  or  rufopiceous,  the  femora 
darker;  front  and  hind  femora  with  two,  the  middle  with  four,  setigerous  punc- 
tures along  the  inner  margin  ;  tarsi  not  grooved  on  the  outer  side.  Length  .25- 
.28  inch  ;  6.25-7  mm. 

A  well  marked  little  species,  readily  distinguishable  from  the 
others  with  the  second  and  third  antennal  joints  carinate  by  the 
deeper  basal  impressions,  the  outer  of  which  is  oblique,  as  well  as 
by  its  smaller  size. 

It  occurs  throughout  the  Middle  States,  being  known  to  m<'  from 
as  far  east  as  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  and  extending  northward  to  Lake 
Superior  and  westward  to  Colorado. 


TEAN6.  AM.   KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  MARCH.  1908. 


60  AMERICAN    COJ.EOPTERA. 

BinLIOGRAPHY    AND    SyNONOMY. 
Subgenus  €YRTOMOTUS  Steph. 

1.  A.  pterontichina  n.  sp. 

2.  A.  thoracica  n.  sp. 

3.  A.  blanrhardi  n.  sp. 

4.  A.Jacobina  Lee,  Proc.  Acad.  Pliil.  1855,  vii,  p.  346. 

5.  A.  stupidn  Lee,  Proc.  Acad.  Phil.  1855,  vii,  p.  347. 

6.  A.  bowditchi  n.  sp. 

7.  A.  adstricta  Putz.,  Mem.  Liege,  1866,  Ser.  2.  i,  p.  238. 

8.  A.  lolicoUis  Lee,  Ann.  Lye.  1848,  iv,  p.  ^68  {Citrtonotioi)  ;  Proc.  Arad.  Pliil. 

1855,  vii,  p.  347. 
convexinncuhis  %  Kirby,  Faun.  Bor.  Am.  1837,  iv,  p.  35. 

9.  A.  carinata  Lee,  Ann.  Lye  1848,  iv,  p.  368  {Cnrlonotits). 

10.  .(.  rufimavti  Kirby,  Faun.  Bor.  Am.  1837,  iv,  p.  35  {Cnrtouotus)  ;  Lee,  Proc. 

Acad.  Phiil.  1855,  vii.  p.  347. 
brevilabris  Kirby,  loe  cit.,  p.  35  [Curtonotns). 
lacustris  Lee,  Proc.  Acad.  Pliil.  1855,  vii,  p.  346. 
reflexHs  Putz.,  Mem.  Liege,  1866,  Ser.  2,  i,  p.  241. 

11.  A.  cyliiidrica  Lee,  Bull.  U.  S.  Geol.  and  Geog.  Surv.  1878,  iv,  p.  450. 

12.  A.  hudsonica  n.  sp. 

13.  .4.  eschschoUzi   Chaud.,  Bull.  Mosc.  1837,  No.  7,  p.  36  {Leirus)  ;    Lee,    Proc. 

Acad.  Phil.  1855,  vii,  p.  348;  Putz.,  Mem.  Liege,  1866,  Ser.  2,  i,  p.  249. 

14.  A.  mekmogasirica  Dej..  Spec.  1828,  iii,  p.  519;  Mann.,  Bull.  Mosc,  1843,  xvi, 

p.  210;  Lee,  Proe  Acad.  Phil.  1855,  vii,  p.  348. 
melanogaster  ^tnvm..  Cat.  1826.  jt.  91. 

15.  A.  brunnipenuis  Dej.,  Spec.  1831,  v,  p.  800;  Putz.,  Mem.  Liege,  1866,  Ser.  2,  i, 

p.  252. 
borealis  Chaud.,  Bull.  Mosc.  1853,  xvi,  p.  775  I  Leirus). 
hyperborea  Lee  J  Proc.  Acad.  Phil.  1855,  vii,  p.  256. 
obtnsa  Lee,  Proe  Acad.  Phil.  1855,  vii,  p.  348. 
If).  A.  hifauxta  Lee,  Proe  Acad.  Phil.  1855,  vii,  p.  347;  Putz.,  Mem.  Liege,  1866. 
Ser.  2,  i,  p.  250. 
rufimana  \\  Mots.,  Mem.  Acad.  St.  Petersb.  1842.  p.  176. 
carinata  X  Mann.,  Bull.  Mosc.  18.53,  xxvi,  p.  134  {Leirus). 

17.  A.  elongnta  Lee,  Agass.  L.  Sup.  1850,  p.  207,  pi.  8,  fig.  5  {Ciirton(itiis) ;  Proc. 

Acad.  Phil.  1855,  vii,  p.  348. 
?  hyperborea  Dej.,  Spec.  1831,  v.  p.  800. 

18.  A.  pennsylvanica  Nobis. 

fulvipes  II  Putz.,  Mem.  Liege,  1866,  Ser.  2,  i,  p.  235. 

19.  A.  hsematopa  Dej.,  Spec.  1828,  iii,  p.  769  (Feronia)  ;  Putz.,  Mem.  Liege,  1866, 

Ser.  2.  i,  p.  260. 
similisJLirhy,  Faun.  Bor.  Am.  1837.  iv,  p.  34  {Ktereoceri's). 

Subgenus  LKIKONOTUS  (ianglb. 

20.  A.  arenaria  Lee,  Ann.  I>yc.  1848,  iv,  p.  403  {Geobwuns)  \  Proc.  Acad.   I'liil. 

1868,  p.  382. 


ROLAND    HAY  WARD.  61 

Subgenus   liEIOCIVEM  IS    Zinini. 

21.  A.avida  Say,  .Touin.  Acad.  Phil.  1823.  iii,  p.  148  {ZahrHS)  ;  Trans.  Am.   Phil. 

Soc.  1834.  iv,  p.  428  {Pelor)  ;  Ed.,  Lee.  ii,  pp.  9.")  and  541;  Lee.  Proc. 
Acad.  Phil.  1855.  vii.  p.  346;  Putz.,  Mem.  Liege,  1866,  Ser.  2,  i,  j).  220. 
confitih  Dej.,  Spee.  1828.  iii,  ji.  510. 

Suhgenus  BR.4DYTUS  Zinim. 

22.  A.  exarata  Dej.,  Spec.  1828,  iii,  p.  509 ;  Lee,  Proc.  Acad.  Phil.  1855.  vii,  p. 

348;  Putz.,  Mem.  Liege,  1866,  Ser.  2,  i,  p.  264. 
fiirfiva  Say,  Trans.  Am.  Phil.  Soc.  1834.  iv,  p.  429;  Ed.,  Lee.  ii,  p.  543;  Lee, 

Proc.  Acad.  Phil.  1855.  vii.  p.  .349. 
brevis  Sturm.,  Cat.  1826,  p.  148  (  Harpalm). 
2:;.  A.  {ilacinlis  Mann.,   Bull.  Mosc.  1853,  .\xvi,  p.  135  iUradi/tus)  ;    Putz.,  Mem. 
Liege,  1866,  Ser.  2,  i,  p.  233  i  Cnrtonotuti) . 

24.  .4.  putsei/si  Horn.  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  1875,  v,  p.  129. 

25.  .4.  apricaria   Payk..  Mon.  Carab.  1790,  p.  125  {Carabns) ;  Dej.,  Spec.  1828.  iii, 

p.  506. 

26.  ^1.  schwurzi  Nobis. 

septentrionalis  ||  Lee,  Ann.  Lye.  1848.  iv.  p.  358;  Proc.  Acad.  Phil.  1855, 
vii,  p.  349. 

27.  A.  lutlor  Kirby,  Faun.  Bor.  Am.  1837,  iv.  p.  36;  Lee,  Proc.  .A.cad.  Phil.  185.5. 

vii,  p.  356. 
hyperborea  J  Lee,  Ann.  Lye.  1848,  iv,  p.  .357. 
lievistriata  Putz.,  Mem.  Liege,  1866,  Ser.  2,  i,  p.  262. 
libera  Lee.  Proc.  Acad.  Phil.  1855,  vii,  p.  349. 
oremna  Lee,  Proc.  Acad.  Phil.  1855.  vii,  p.  349. 

Subgenus  TRI^SJA  Lee 
2ts.  .1.  inuinstiita  Say.  Trans.  Am.  Phil.  Soc.  1823,  ii,  p.  36  ( Fcronia) ;  ibid.,  1834. 
iv,  p.  428  {Amara) ;  Ed.  Lee.  ii,  pp.  463  and  542;  Lee,  Proc.  Acad. 
Phil.  1855,  vii,  p.  349;  Putz.,  Mem.  Liege,  1866,  Ser.  2,  i,  p.  176;  Horn. 
Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  1892,  xix,  p.  18. 
iudisiincla  Hald..  Proc.  Acad.  Phil.  1843,  i,  p.  .300;  Lee,  Ann.  Lye  1848, 
iv,  p.  365. 

29.  A.  pull i pes  Kirby.  Faun.  Bor.  Am.  1837,  iv,  p.  39;    Lee,   Proc.   Acad.  Phil. 

1855.  vii,  p.  350;  Horn,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  1892,  xix,  p.  18. 
(Jcpressa  Lee,  Ann.  Lye.  1848,  iv,  p.  365. 

30.  A.Jomjidd  Lee,  Proc.  Acad.  Phil.  1855,  vii,  p.  350;  Horn,  Trans.  Am.  Ent. 

Soc.  1892,  xix,  p.  19. 

31.  A.  scitiilii  Zimm.,  Giste.  Faun.  1832,  i,  p.  32;  Silb.  Rev.  1834.  ii,  p.  223;  Lee. 

Proc.  Acad.  Phil.  1855,  vii,  p.  350;  Horn,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  1892, 
xix,  p.  19. 

32.  .1.  helfmriei  Horn,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  1892.  xix,  p.  19. 

33.  .4.  iifoveolald  n.  sp. 

Subgenus  AMAR.4  s.  s. 

34.  .4.  insiq}d.'i  Dej.,  Spec.  1831.  v,  p.  796;  Mann.,  Bull.  Mosc.  1843,  xvi.  p.  208; 

Lee,  Proc.  Acad.  I'hil.  1855,  vii,  p.  3.50. 
compacta  Mots.,  Kiif.  Russ.  1850,  p.  59. 
cicrulea  Mots.,  Bull.  Mosc.  1859,  xxxii,  p.  153. 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  MABCll.  1908. 


62  AMERICAN    COLEOPTERA. 

35.  A.  insularis  Horn,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  1875,  v,  p.  128. 

36.  A.  impuncticoUis  Say,  Trans.  Am.  Phil.  Soc.  1823,  ii,  p.  36  {Feronia) ;  ihid., 

1834,  iv.  p.  428  (Amara) ;  Ed.  Lee.  ii,  pp.  463  and  542;  Kirby,  Faun. 

Bor.  Am.  1837,  iv,  p.  39;  Mann.,  Bull.  Mosc.  1853,  xxvi,  p.  135;  Lee, 

Proc.  Acad.  Phil.  1855,  vii,  p.  351 ;  Putz.,  Mem.  Liege,  1866,  Ser.,  2,  i. 

p.  179. 
trivialis  J  Dej.,  Spec.  1827,  iii,  p.  464. 
anthracina  Hald.,  Proc.  Acad.  Phil.  1843,  i,  p.  300. 
difficilis  Lee,  Ann.  Lye.  1848,  iv,  p.  362. 

37.  A.  littoralis  Mann.,  Bull.  Mosc.  1843,  xvi,  p.  207;   ibid.,  1853,  xxvi.  p.  137, 

note;  Lee,  Proc.  Acad.  Phil.  1855,  vii,  p.  351 ;  Piitz.,  Mem.  Liege,  1866, 
Ser.  2,  i.  p.  180. 
plebeja  var.  Dej..  Spec.  1827,  iii,  p.  467. 

38.  A.fallax  Lee,  Ann.  Lye,  1848,  iv,  p.  362;  Proc.  Acad.  Phil.  1855,  vii,  p.  352; 

Putz.,  Mem.  Liege,  1866,  Ser.  2,  i,  p.  179.. 
ovalis  Sturm.,  Cat.  1843,  p.  28. 

39.  A.  basillaris  Say,  Trans.  Am.  Phil.  Soc.  1823,  ii,  p.  35  (Feronia);  ibid.,  1834, 

iv,  p.  428  (Amara);  Ed.  Lee  ii,  pp.  462  and  542;  Lee,  Proc.  Acad. 

Phil.  1855,  vii,  p.  351 ;  Putz.,  Mem.  Liege,  1866,  Ser.  2,  i.  p.  185. 
lucidula  Dej.,  Spec.  1828,  iii,  p.  477. 
marylandica  Casey,  Cont.  Coleopt.  1884,  pt.  1,  p.  4. 

40.  A.  crassispina  Lee,  Proc.  Acad.  Phil.  1855,  vii,  p.  352. 

41.  A.  parviceps  Q.  sp. 

42.  A.  cupreolata  Putz.,  Mem.  Liege,  1866,  Ser.  2,  i,  p.  180. 

43.  .4.  conflata  Lee,  Proc.  Acad.  Phil.  1855,  vii,  p.  352. 

44.  A.  brunnipes  Mots.,  Bull.  Mosc.  1859,  xxxii,  p.  154. 

45.  A.  protensa  Putz.,  Mem.  Liege,  1866,  Ser.  2,  i,  p.  183. 

46.  A.  confusa  Lee,  Ann.  Lye  1843,  iv,  p.  361;  Proc.  Acad.  Phil.  1855;  vii,  p. 

352;  Putz.,  Mem.  Liege,  1866,  Ser.  2,  i,  p.  181. 

47.  A.  subpunctata  Lee,  Proc.  Acad,  Phil.  1855,  vii,  p.  352. 

48.  A.  ccelebs  n.  sp. 

49.  A.polita  Lee,  Ann.  Lye  1848,  iv,  p.  364;  Proc.  Acad.  Phil.  1855,  viii,  p.  352; 

Putz.,  Mem.  Liege,  1866,  Ser.  2,  i,  p.  181. 
convexa  Lee,  Ann.  Lye  1848,  iv,  p.  363;   Proc.  Acad.  Phil.  1855,  vii,  \). 
352;  Putz.,  Mem.  Liege,  1866,  Ser.  2,  i,  p.  181. 


ROLAND    HAYWARD.  63 

APPENDIX. 

I  have  thought  best  to  reprint  here  the  original  descriptions  of 
those  species  which  remain  as  yet  unrecognized  in  this  country,  as 
the  works  in  which  they  were  pubh'shed  are  inaccessible  to  a 
majority  of  the  students  of  our  fauna.  iVll  these  species  were 
referred  to  the  subgenus    Cyrtonotus. 

A.  caiiHden»«is  Putz.,  Mem.  Liege,  1866,  Ser.  2,  i,  p.  256. 

"Long.  IL— Lat.  41  mill." 

"  Piceus,  elytris  siibmetallicis:  palpis  te.staceis,  anteuiiis  pedibusque  brun- 
iieis;  oculi  prominuli.  Prothoiax  transversus,  utrinque  angustatus  lateribus 
leviter  rotundatis,  angulis  poslicis  rectis ;  margine  basali  bisinuato,  basi  ipsa 
punctulata,  foveolisqueduabiis  oblongis  punctatis  impressa.  Elytra  coDvexa,  ob- 
loiigo-ovata.  humeris  siibrotundatis,  striato-punctata ;  episteiiiis  abdomeinisque 
lateribus  punctatis." 

"Par  son  corselet  retreci  en  avant,  cette  espece  se  rapproche  du  C.  Conoideus; 
elle  est  beaucoup  plus  petite,  plus  brillante,avec  un  leflet  verdatre  sur  les  elytres. 
Les  yeux  sont  beaucoup  plus  saillants  moins  enchasses  en  arriere ;  le  corselet  est 
plus  court,  moins  etroit  en  avant;  ses  angles  anterieurs  sont  moins  deprimes,  les 
cotes  un  peu  plus  retrecis  avant  les  angles  posterieurs  qui  sont  droits :  le  bord 
marginal  est  simplement  bisinue  et  nullenient  reflecbi ;  la  base  est  ponctuee  de 
meme,  niais  I'impression  interne  est  plus  oblique  et  la  carene  pres  de  I'impression 
externe  est  pluselevee;  I'impression  transversals  anterieure  est  egalement  par- 
semee  de  tres-petits  points;  le  rebord  marginal  est  encore  moins  releve  et  plus 
etroit:  les  elytres  sont  plus  convexes,  plus  courtes,  plus  arrondies  anterieure- 
raent  et  non  dilatees  posterieurement ;  les  epaules  sont  presqu'  arrondies;  les 
stries  sont  aussi  profondes  que  dans  le  C.  Fodinse,  mais  les  points  sont  plus  gros  et 
les  intervalles  plus  convexes.  Tout  le  dessous  du  corps  est  parseme  de  gros  poins 
entremeles  d'autres  points  plus  petits." 

"  Canada  boreal." 

"  La  collection  de  M.  de  Chaudoir  nerenferme  qu'  une   9  .," 

A.  holinbergi  Putz.,  ibid.,  p.  250. 

"Long.  IIA. — Lat.  43  m."     [4§  is  the  way  printed.] 

"Tres-voisin  du  C.  Eschschollsii ;  un  peu  plus  grand,  plus  large,  avec  le  corselet 
plus  elargi  et  plus  arrondi  en  avant,  plus  retreci  vers  la  base,  les  angles  posteri- 
eurs un  peu  plus  saillants.  La  dent  supferieure  des  tibias  intermediaires  est 
tres-forte;  I'inferieure  est  peu  marquee." 

"Amerique  Russe.     Un    ^  .  coll.  de  Chaudoir." 

A.  somnoleiilus  Putz.,  ibid.,  p.  243.* 

"  Long.  12. — Lat.  5  ni." 

"  Niger,  elytris  senescentibus;  palpis,  antennis  pedibusque  fuscis.  Prothorax 
subcordatus,  angulis  posticis  acutis  subreflexis,  margine  laterali  anguste  maigi- 
nato,  foveolis  posticis  profundioribus.    Elytra  subcylindrica  humeris  rotundatis." 

"  Extremement  voisin  du  ('.  ConvexiusciduH  dont  il  ne  differe  que  i)ar  des  points 

TBANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  MARCH,  1^08. 


64  AMKRICAN    COLEOPTKKA. 

suivants:  le  corselet  est  plus  convexe,  plus  regulierement  anondi  sur  les  cotes 
qui  ne  se  ledressent  qu' aux  angles  posterieurs  lesquels  sent  moins  grands;  la 
plus  grande  largeur  du  corselet  est  au  milieu;  les  angles  anterieurs  sont  pins 
deprimes,  pins  arrondis ;  la  base  est  plus  echancree  au  milieu;  les  points  qui  la 
couvrent  sont  plus  gros  et  remontent  plus  haut;  les  deux  fossettes  sont  plus  pro- 
fondes,  plus  separees  I'une  de  I'antre;  la  fossette  interne  est  plus  longue.  Les 
eiytres  sont  un  pen  plus  larges,  les  epaules  plus  arrondies.  Les  episternes  meta- 
thoraciques  sont  plus  fortement  ponctues.  La  dent  superieure  des  tibias  inter- 
mediaires  est  tres-forte;  I'inferieure  est  ii  peine  marquee." 

"  Un   %  ,  venaiit  d'Ounalaschka,  dans   la  collection    de   M^-   de 

Chaudoir.      J'en  possede  line  9  pi'ovenant  de  la  menie  localite." 

A.  traiiNver<<»icoIIis  Putz.,  ibid.,  p.  236. 

"Long.  12.13. — Lat.  5^.6  m." 

"  Niger,  palpis,  antennis  pedibusque  testaceis,  tibiis  obscurioribus.  Prothorax 
transversus,  ad  angulos  anticos  rotundatos  snbangustatus,  postice  sinualus,  an- 
gulis  anticis  prominulis,  medio  excepto  punctulatus,  ad  margines  explanatus. 
Elytra  pronoto  latiora,  oblongo-ovata.  humeris  rotundatis." 

"Noir  ou  noir  brunatre,  legerement  verdatre  sur  les  eiytres;  des  palpes,  les 
antennes,  les  pattes  et  les  bords  du  corselet  sontl'un  testace  rougeatre;  les  tibias 
sont  d'une  teinte  un  pen  plus  foncee." 

"Les  yeux  ne  sont  nullement  enchasses  en  arriere ;  la  tete  est  parsemee  de 
poit)ts  et  de  rides  tres-ap  pa  rents,  mais  pen  profunda.  Le  corselet,  en  carre  trans- 
versal, egalement  retreci  en  avant  et  en  arriere;  le  bord  anterieur  est  coupe 
droit;  les  angles  sont  arrondis;  les  cotes  sont  regulierement  arquesjnsqu'  au  de 
la  milieu  ;  un  peu  avant  les  angles  posterieurs,  ils  se  retrecissent  legerement  et 
tombent  droit  sur  la  base;  les  angles  posterieurs  sont  cependant  un  peu  aigus;  ie 
bord  posterieur  est  tronque,  mais  abaisse  au  point  o"  aboutissant  les  deux  fos- 
settes, ce  que  le  fait  paraitre  bi-sinue.  Les  cotes  sont  deprimes;  le  rebord  est 
assez  eleve.  Le  bord  anterieur,  les  cotes  et  la  base  du  corselet  sont  couverts  de 
points  assez  serres  qui  sont  plus  gros  dans  les  deux  fossettes  de  la  base ;  I'inteo- 
valle  entre  la  carene  externe  et  le  bord  marginal  est  m<^me  ponctue;  la  fossette 
interne  est  peu  distincte." 

"Les  eiytres  sont  de  raoitie  plus  larges  que  le  corselet,  en  ovale  allonge,  pen 
convexes;  le  rebord  basal  remonte  depuis  I'ecusson  jusqu' a  Tangle  humeral  qui 
est  arrondi ;  le  bord  marginal  est  assez  large.  Les  stries  sont  profondes  et  ponc- 
tuees;  les  intervalles  sont  assez  platis;  les  3"=  et  5*=  sont  un  peu  moins  larges  que 
les  autres.  Les  episternes  metathoraciques,  sillonces  de  cliaque  cote,  jiortent  des 
points  epars.  Les  premiers  segments  abdominaux  et  les  cotes  des  autres  sont 
couverts  de  points  serres." 

"Les  deux  dents  en  dessous  des  tibias  intermediaires  sont  a  peine  niaiquees; 
I'eechancoure  qui  les  separe  est  large  et  peu  profonde." 

"xlmer.  Ru.sse.  (Akina)  2  ex.  dans  la  coll.  de  Chaudoir." 

A.  triKlis  Putz.,  ibid.,  p.  255. 

"  Long.  9. — Lat.  4  mill." 

Brunneo-piceus,  palpis  testaceis;  antennis  pedibusque  rufis.  Oculi  prominuli. 
Prothorax  transversus,  lateribus  rotundatis,  basi  angustata,  angulis  posticis  rec- 
tis,  margine  basali  subsinuato,  basi  ijisa  i)nnctulata,  foveolis  2  profundis  notata. 


ROLAND    HAYWARD.  65 

caiinaque  acuta  ad  angnlos  posticos.  Elytra  ohlongo-ovata.  subparallela,  liunieris 
obtusis,  profunde  punctato-striato.  Corpus  subtus  punctulatum.  Tibia-  iiiter- 
medije  subtus  obtuse  bidentatae." 

"  Les  yeux  soiit  aussi  saillants  que  dans  le  C.  Canadensis,  niais  la  oarene  interne 
est  nioins  elevee;  le  corselet  est  un  peu  plus  court,  beaucoup  plus  regulierenient 
arrondi  sur  les  cotes  dont  le  rebord  est  plus  large  et  qui  se  retrecissent  plus  for- 
temeut  avant  les  angles  posterieurs :  ceux-ci  sont  plus  saillants  ;  le  bord  basal  est 
un  peu  ecliancre  dansle  milieu  ;  la  base  est  plos  deprimee  de  chaque  cote,  un  peu 
moins  ponctuee,  les  deux  impressions  sont  moins  distinctemeut  lineaires  et  la 
carene  externe  est  beaucoup  plus  trancbante.  Le  sillon  longitudinal  est  plus 
profond,surtout  au  milieu.  Les  elytres  sont  plus  etroites,  plus  paralleles,  surtout 
en-dessous  des  epaules,  celles-ci  depassent  notablement  les  angles  posterieurs  du 
corselet.  Les  stries,  leur  ponctuation  et  le  dessous  du  corps  sont  conime  dans  le 
C  Canadensis.  Le  prosternum  porte  au  milieu  un  enfoncenient  triangulaire  qui 
se  prolonge  en  forme  de  sillon  vers  la  pointe.  Les  tibias  intermediaires  out  en 
dessous  deux  dents  peu  proeminentes  et  assez  obtuses," 

"Canada  boreal  (Owho-Bay.)" 

A.  angnstata  Sablb.,  Vega  Exped.  a  Berings  Sunds  Amer.  Kust  *     * 

Stoclvholm,  1885. 

"Elongata,  angustior,  nigro-picea,  nitida,  antennis  pedibusque  rufo-testaceis, 
illis  extrorsum  tarsisque  piceis;  prothorace  antice  coleopterorum  latitudine,  basi 
paullo  angustiore,  lateribus  rotundatis,  angulis  basalibus  obtusiusculis.  baud 
prominentibus,  ante  basin  transversim  depresso,  utrinque  biiinpresso  et  parce 
punctulato,  pectore  parce  obsoleteque  puiictato  ;  elytris  inedioeriter  punctato- 
striatis,  interstitiis  planis.     I^ng  4  lin." 

■'  Mas  ignotus." 

".'t.  (C.)  calic  tse  Putz.  aflBnis,  sed  angustior,  magis  linearis,  prothoracis  anguli.s 
posticis  magis  obtusis,  antennisque  pallidioribus  distiiiguenda.  Ab  ^-1.  (C.) 
Eschscholtsii  Gha.\i(i.,  cm  forma  prothoracis  et  colore  antennarum  affinis  videtur, 
differt  statura  angustiore. — Caput  omino  ut  in  A.  caligata.  Palpi  nigri,  basi 
apiceque  picei.  Antennae  tenuiores,  rufo-testaceae,  pubesoentes,  articulis  iufus-i 
catis.  Prbthorax  capite  fere  duple  et  lonjiitudine  sua  dimidio  latior,  angulis 
anticis  deflexis,  rotundatis,  lateribus  satis  fortiter  rotundatis,  basi  paullo  angus- 
tatis,  angulis  posticis  obtusiusculis,  ne  minime  quidem  prominentibus:  supra 
modice,  convexus,  ante  basin  satis  fortiter  transversim  depressus,  utrinque  biini- 
pressus,  circa  impressiones  punctis  nonnullis  parvis  sparsis  impressis,  medio  laevis, 
canali  media  ut  in  congeneribus.  Elytra  prothorace  vix  latiora,  humeris  late 
rotundatis,  sublinearia,  leviter  convexa,  piceo-nigra,  satis  fortiter  ut  in  A.  calu/ata 
punctato-striata;  interstitiis  planis.  Cori)US  subtus  piceo-nigrum,  nitidiilum, 
propleuris  laevibus,  mesopleuris  parce  et  nietapleuris  parcissime  et  obsolete  punc- 
tatis ;  episternis  metatboracis  postice  subcoarctatis,  margine  lateral!  basali  circiter 
J  longiore.     Pedes  rufo-testacei,  tarsis  piceis." 

"  Ett  enda  honexemplar  bemfordes." 

[The  name  angnstata  is  preoccupied  (Say,  Tran,«.  Am.  Piiil.  .Soc, 
1828,  ii,  p.  35).     R.  H.] 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (9)  MAKCH.  1908. 


ALDRICH    AND    DARLINGTON.  67 


THE    DIPTEROUS    FAMILY    HELOM VZID/E. 

BY    J.    M.    ALDRICH    AND    P.    S.    DARLINGTON. 
(Plates  III-IV.) 


[Note. — This  family  of  flies  was  taken  up  for  study  and  revision  by  Mr. 
Darlington  while  a  senior  student  in  the  University  of  Idaho.  At  the  time  of 
his  graduation  in  June,  1907,  he  had  nearly  finished  most  of  the  genera,  includ- 
ing the  drawing  up  of  descriptions  of  the  species,  new  and  old.  At  this  time  his 
ai)pointment  as  horticultural  inspector  in  an  important  field  at  Wenatchee, 
Wash.,  necessitated  his  immediate  departure.  As  we  had  assumed  obligations  on 
all  sides  by  borrowing  material,  there  was  no  course  open  to  me  but  to  complete 
the  work,  which  after  some  delay  I  have  done.  My  part,  aside  from  a  general 
review,  has  been  to  work  up  the  genera  Leria  and  Siligo,  and  to  prepare  the 
illustrations.  The  new  genus  Siligo  and  its  two  species,  and  the  new  species  of 
o(  Leria  (glauca),  shouM  be  credited  to  me;  the  other  new  genus,  Por.sewHS,  and 
the  remaining  new  species,  six  in  number,  should  be  credited  to  Mr.  Darlington, 
whose  industry  and  keen  discrimination  left  little  for  me  to  do  as  far  as  his  time 
I)ermitted  him  to  go. — J.  M.  Aldrich.] 


This  small  family  of  Acalyptrate  Muscidse  is  readily  distinguished 
by  the  following  characters:  wings  with  auxiliary  vein  and  second 
basal  cell  distinct,  and  a  row  of  spines  along  the  costa  ;  vibrissa? 
present;  fronto-orbital  bristles  only  one  or  two ;  all  the  tibise  with 
preapical  bristles. 

Czerny,  from  a  slightly  different  view  point,  defines  the  same 
group  as  follows  :  "The  Helomyzidje  belong  to  that  series  of  groups 
of  Acalyptratse  which  possess  convergent  or  crossed  (also  called 
decussate)  postvertical  bristles.  They  are  distinguished  from  all  the 
other  groups  of  this  series  by  the  simultaneous  occurrence  of  vibrissse 
and  an  entirely  separate  auxiliary  vein."  The  postvertical  bristles 
are  located  on  the  back  of  the  head,  somewhat  behind  the  ocelli, 
and  are  easily  seen. 

For  practical  purposes  the  costal  spines  are  almost  sufficient  to 
distinguish  the  family,  but  these  do  occur  in  a  few  species  outside 
the  family,  especially  in  Ci/rtonotum,  Ccenia  and  Fucellia,  of  our 
fauna.  Cyrtonotmn  (PI.  IV,  figs.  8,  9)  has  a  short  first  longitudinal 
vein,  united  towards  the  tip  with  the  auxiliary;  Ccvuia  has  the 
typical  Ephydrid  face,  and  the  second  basal  cell  united  with  the 
discal ;  while  Fucellia  has  a  row  of  fronto-orbital  bristles  extending 
to  the  base  of  the  antennse,  some  six  in  number. 

TRANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  MARCH.  190S. 


68  AMERICAN    DIPTKRA. 

The  costal  spines  in  Heteromyza  are  said  to  be  very  small,  but 
there  seems  to  be  no  good  reason  for  regarding  this  as  a  North 
American  genus,  and  we  have  not  taken  it  into  account. 

The  larval  habits  are  known  in  only  a  few  cases  in  our  fauna. 
Some  of  the  species  are  found  in  caverns,  where  the  larvae  are  said 
to  breed  in  the  excrement  of  bats.  The  adults  of  others  are  found 
about  the  mouths  of  holes  occupied  by  rodents;  other  species  are 
adapted  to  life  on  sand  dunes.  The  known  habits  are  mentioned 
under  the  separate  species. 

Tlie  classic  pajjcr  on  the  family  is  Loew's  "  Ueber  die  europiiis- 
chen  Helomyzidse  uiid  die  in  Schlesien  vorkommenden  Arten  der- 
selben,"  published  in  the  Zeitschrift  fiir  Entomologie,  xiii,  1-80. 
The  work  bears  the  date  1859,  but  as  determined  by  Osten  Sacken 
and  Czerny  it  must  have  been  published  in  1862  or  early  in  1863. 
There  apjiear  to  be  no  names  of  about  that  period  conflicting  with 
Loew's,  hence  the  exact  date  is  not  of  great  importance.  Schiner's 
treatment  of  the  family  in  Fauna  Austriaca,  Diptera,  ii,  20-35, 
1864,  really  antedates  in  its  preparation  the  paper  by  Loew ;  hence 
it  is  practically  superseded  by  the  latter,  especially  in  the  matter  of 
genera.  The  only  other  general  work  on  the  family  is  a  recent  one 
by  Czerny,  "  Revision  der  Helomyziden,"  in  Wiener  Entomologische 
Zeitung,  xxiii,  199-244  and  263-286,  published  in  1904.  This 
includes  the  Helomyzinse  (only  the  genera  Helomyza  and  Allo- 
phyla),  being  Part  I  of  a  work  as  yet  unfinished.  The  descriptions 
of  the  American  species  are  quoted  ;  one  useful  feature  of  the  work 
is  a  set  of  notes  on  Walker's  types  of  Heloniyzid^e,  showing  that 
none  of  the  species  belong  to  the  family  at  all,  unless  it  may  be 
among  tlie  small  number  of  which  the  types  are  now  niissing. 
Nearly  all  are  Sapromyzas. 

Loew  based  his  classification  mainly  on  characters  derived  from 
the  bristles  ;  hence  this  was  the  first  family  in  which  chaetotaxy  was 
used,  and  that  long  before  the  introduction  of  the  term. 

The  bristles  which  by  their  variability  afford  generic  characters 
are  first  of  all  the  dorso- centrals,  which  occur  in  all  the  numbers 
from  one  to  five  ;  the  humeral  and  propleural  (either  one  each  or 
absent)  are  also  useful.  The  figure  on  Plate  III  shows  the  position 
of  the  various  parts  and  bristles  of  the  thorax. 

Important  specific  characters  are  found  in  the  number  of  sterno- 
pleural  bristles,  the  presence  or  absence  of  hair  or  bristles  on  the 


Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Vol.  XXXIV. 


PI.  III. 


EXPLANATION. 


dc,  dorsocentral  bristles,  four  in  a  row. 

h,  humerus,  with  one  bristle. 

s,  tiie  widened  lateral  end  of  the  transverse  suture,  which  is  obsolete  iu  the 

middle  of  the  dorsum  ;  the  two  notopleural  bristles  are  located  so  that 

the  s  is  between  them, 
ps,  the  presutural  bristles, 
sa,  the  three  supra-alar  bristles. 

sc,  the  scntellum  with  the  two  scutellar  bristles,  apical  and  lateral, 
mes,  mesoternum,  with  one  mesosternal  bristle  at  the  posterior  edge, 
stern,  sternopleura,  with  one  bristle  at  the  upper  edge, 
pp,  propleura,  with  one  bristle  on  the  lower  part, 
ptp,  pteropleura. 
mtn,  metasteriiuni. 
hypo,  hyposternuiu. 
met,  metanotum. 
cxl,  cx2,  cx3,  coxfe. 
fl,  f2,  f3,  femora. 

The  shaded  area  is  the  insertion  of  the  wing. 


ALDRICH   AND   DARLINGTON   ON   DIPTERA. 


ALDRICH    AND    DARLINGTON. 


69 


mesopleura,  the  size  of  the  second  fronto-orbital,  the  pubescence  of 
the  scutelluni,  etc.  The  constancy  of  some  of  the  most  minute  of 
these  characters  is  interesting. 

Our  work  is  based  primarily  on  the  collections  of  the  senior 
author,  in  which  the  types,  unless  otherwise  mentioned,  will  be 
retained.  Important  additional  material  was  received  fi-om  Prof. 
A.  L.  Melander,  Pullman,  Wash.;  C.  T.  Brues,  Milwaukee,  Wis.; 
C.  W.  Johnson,  Boston,  Mass.;  Erich  Daecke,  Philadelphia,  Pa.; 
and  the  United  States  National  Museum.  A  few  specimens  came 
from  Prof  R.  A.  Cooley,  Bozeman,  Montana;  E.  S.  Tucker,  Law- 
rence, Kansas  ;  and  C.  F.  Baker,  now  of  Para,  Brazil,  but  in  Cali- 
fornia at  the  time  of  making  these  collections. 

We  have  cited  literature  only  when  the  same  is  not  found  in 
the  1905  Catalogue,  except  when  changes  of  synonymy,  etc.,  are 
involved.     The  rest  may  be  found  in  the  Catalogue. 

A  side  view  of  the  thorax  of  Anorostoma  maculata,  somewhat  dia- 
grammatic, to  show  the  sclerites  and  bristles,  the  origin  of  the  latter 
represented  by  small  circles,  is  given  on  Plate  III. 

TABLE   OF   GEXERA. 

1.  Thorax  with  lonp  pile,  dorsoceutrals  but  little  differentiated. 

Lieria  helvola  male. 
Thorax  with  shorter  pile,  dorsoceutrals  well  developed 2. 

2.  One  dorsocentral Porsenus  new  gen. 

Two  dorsoceutrals Aclijeloinus  Coq. 

Three  dorsoceutrals Tephrochlaiiiys  Loew. 

Four  dorsocentrals 3. 

Five  dorsocentrals 4. 

'.].  Middle  tibiffi  with  spines  on  the  outer  side  near  the  middle. 

<Ecotliea  Haliday. 
Eyes  very  small,  with  vertical  diameter  less  than  the  cheeks  (PI.  IV,  fig.  3). 

Eccoptomera  Loew. 
Face  very  receding,  convex  in  profile,  without  distinct  oral  margin  (I'l.  IV, 

fig.  4) .4norO!<«toiiia  Loew. 

Without  the  above  characters Leria  Loew. 

4.  Humeral  bristle  absent Heloniyza  Fall. 

Humeral  bristle  present -5. 

.").  No  bristle  on  mesopleura  •  •  •    Allopliyla  Loew. 

A  bristle  ou  posterior  part  of  mesopleura Siligo  new  gen. 

FORSENHS  Darlington,  n.  gen. 
Humeral  and  propleural  bristles  absent;    only  one  dorsocentral 
(the  hindmost)  ;  only  one  supra-alar  (the  foremost);  presutural   1; 
notopleural  2  ;  scutellar  a  very  large  apical  pair  and  a  small  lateral 

TKANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  MABCII,  1908. 


70  AMERICAN    DIPTERA. 

pair;  prescutellar  a  small  pair;  fronto-orbital  only  one,  very  small; 
no  sternopleural ;  one  pteropleural. 

Third  joint  of  the  antenna  rounded,  rather  large,  with  long,  bare 
arista;  face  receding,  oral  margin  but  little  prominent,  about  as  in 
Anorosto7na. 

Wing  of  ordinary  Helomyzid  form,  costal  spines  distinct. 

The  name  is  from  Porsena,  one  of  the  invaders  of  Rome ;  we 
change  the  ending  to  avoid  the  confusion  of  a  masculine  noun  with 
a  feminine  ending.     Accent  on  the  first  syllable. 

The  singular  chsetotaxy  renders  the  species  and  genus  easily 
recognizable,  as  tiiere  are  half  a  dozen  good  generic  characters. 
The  head  of  the  single  type  was  accidentally  destroyed  after  it  had 
been  drawn  and  some  notes  made,  but  a  further  examination  in 
regard  to  the  fronto-orbital  bristles  and  the  form  of  the  oral  margin 
would  have  given  us  a  little  greater  certainty  on  these  points. 

Porsemis  johiiKOiii  Darlington,  n.  sp.  (PI.  IV,  fig.  2). 

Length,  4.7  mm. ;  of  wing,  5.7  mm. 

General  color  ashy  gray,  with  yellow  legs. 

Occiput  gray;  front  brown;  eyes  rather  large,  round;  orbits  silvery ;  cheeks 
about  three-fourths  the  width  of  the  eyes,  somewhat  cream  colored  ;  first  two 
joints  of  the  antenna  reddish,  third  cinereous,  round,  arista  rather  long,  only 
microscopically  pubescent;  one  rather  long  vibrissa  on  each  side. 

Dorsum  of  thorax  gray,  the  lateral  edges  a  little  yellowish,  median  part  with 
coarse  and  rather  dense  hairs;  mesopleura  bare,  except  for  two  or  three  coarse 
hairs  on  the  front  edge,  just  below  the  spiracle;  sternopleura  densely  pubescent 
all  over,  with  no  bristle;    pteropleura  with  one  good-sized  bristle  and  several- 
coarse  hairs. 

Abdomen  gray,  the  posterior  margin  of  each  segment  somewhat  reddish. 

Wings  with  a  faint  brownish  tinge,  hind  cross-vein  slightly  infuscated.  The 
submarginal  cell  is  rather  noticeal)ly  widened  in  front  of  the  anterior  cross-vein. 

Legs  yellowish,  with  few  bristles;  femora  indistinctly  darker;  tarsi  moder- 
ately infuscated. 

One  female.     Johnson  :   Boston,  Mass.,  October  I'Jth. 

ACH.KTOMIJS. 

Coquillett,  Canad.  Ent.,  xsxix,  75,  March,  1907. 

"Near  Hcfomyza,  as  restricted  by  Loew,  but  with  only  two  pairs 
of  dorsocentral  bristles,  propleural  present,  two  pairs  of  fronto- 
orbitals,  etc.  Eyes  circular,  clieeks  nearly  as  wide  as  the  eye- 
height,  third  joint  of  antennae  broader  than  long,  arista  dorsal,  bare. 
Femora  without  bristles,  tibite  witli  apical  and  preapical  bristles 
oidy.  Venation  as  in  Heloimjza,  spines  of  co.<ta  well-developed. 
Type,  the  following  species: 


ALDRICH    AND    DARLINGTON.  71 

"Achtetomiis  pilosiis  new  species.— Reddish  brown,  thescutelluni  and 
legs  yellow,  bases  of  abdominal  segments  three  to  five  dark  brown,  hairs  and 
bristles  black.  Hairs  of  cheeks  covering  their  lower  half,  no  bristles  near 
vibrissa.  Pleura  almost  wholly  covered  with  hairs  except  the  portion  posterior 
to  the  sternopleura,  one  sternopleural  bristle,  no  other  pleural  bristles  present ; 
scutellum  without  hairs,  four  scutellar  bristles.  Wings  hyaline,  unmarked  ex- 
cept the  extreme  base  and  the  stigma,  which  are  yellowish.     Length  8  mm. 

"North  Saugus,  Mass.  A  male  specimen  collected  by  Mr.  H. 
M.  Russell.  Type  No.  10157,  U.  S.  N.  M."  (Original  description 
entire.) 

Not  represented  in  our  material. 

TEPHROC'HLAMYS  Loew. 

Dorsocentral  bristles  3,  all  behind  the  suture;  humeral  1;  pro- 
pleural  1;  notopleural  2;  supra-alar  3;  scutellar  2  pairs;  prescu- 
tellar  1  pair,  moderately  large;  presutural  1;  fron to-orbital  2. 
Third  antennal  joint  a  very  little  elongated,  arista  bare.  Face 
moderately  receding.  Cheeks  about  half  the  width  of  the  eye, 
with  one  or  two  bristles  in  the  middle,  at  the  end  of  the  row  of 
hairs  descending  behind  the  eye.  Wings  rather  elongate  and  nar- 
row, with  small  spines. 

In  Becker's  part  of  the  Katalog  der  Paliiarktischen  Dipteren,  iv, 
51,  the  name  is  spelled  Tephrochlamis ;  there  appears  to  be  no 
etymological  reason  why  the  original  spelling  with  a  y  should  not 
be  retained. 

TABLE  OF  SPECIES. 

Scutellum  wholly  yellow flavitarsis  n.  sp. 

Scutellum  mostly  or  wholly  black  in  ground  color rufivenlri!»  Meigen. 

Tepliroclilaiiij'!*  flavitarsiis  Darlington,  n.  sp. 

Length  6  mm. ;  of  wing  5.6  mm. 

Cheeks  yellow;  legs  entirely  yellow;  wings  brownish;  scutellum  entirely 
yellow. 

Head  brownish-yellow,  occiput  brown;  front  yellowish-browli ;  autenuse  red- 
dish-brown, third  joint  large,  round;  arista  brown,  bare;  vibrissa*  one  on  each 
side,  of  medium  length ;  also  one  bristle  on  the  middle  of  each  cheek. 

Dorsum  of  the  thorax  gray  on  the  middle  part,  somewhat  reddish-gray  on  the 
lateral  edges;  two  brown  stripes  run  lengthwise  between  the  dorso-cential  bris- 
tles; dorsum  densely  pubescent,  except  the  lateral  edges;  scutellum  entirely 
lemon-yellow,  bare  except  the  ordinary  four  bristles.  Propleura  and  mesopleura 
brownish,  bare  except  the  one  propleural  bristle;  sternopleura  reddish-gray, 
with  one  strong  bristle  and  a  row  of  smaller  hair  on  the  upper  edge. 

Abdomen  yellow,  first  segment  gray. 

TBANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  MAECI[,  190S. 


72  AMERICAN    DIPTERA. 

Wings  with  a  brownish  tinge;  spines  of  the  costa  very  short. 
Legs  entirely  yellow. 

One  female  specimen,  U.  S.  N.  M.,  labelled  "  White  Mis.,  Mor- 
rison." 

Teplirochlaiiiys  riifiTentris  Meigen. 

Length  5.5  mm. ;  of  wing  6.2  mm. 

Gray;  abdomen  reddish-yellow;  cheeks  whitish. 

Occiput  ash-gray,  front  saffron-yellow  to  brownish,  pubescent;  orbits  of  the 
eyes  somewhat  silvery-gray;  antennae  reddish-brown,  the  third  joint  nearly 
black,  arista  of  medium  length,  bare;  eyes  rather  large,  round;  cheeks  about 
three-fourths  the  width  of  the  eye,  somewhat  cream  color;  vibrisf»  rather  deli- 
cate, one  on  each  side;  at  the  middle  of  the  hind  edge  of  the  bare  part  of  the 
cheek  is  a  smallish  bristle. 

Thorax  entirely  ash-gray;  dorsum  pubescent,  except  the  lateral  edges;  the 
small  hairs  arise  from  small  black  dots,  while  the  three  pairs  of  dorso-central 
bristles  arise  from  large  black  spots;  scutellum  gray,  yellowish  at  the  aj)ex,  bare 
except  the  ordinary  four  bristles. 

Propleura  bare,  except  the  one  strong  bristle  above  the  fore  coxa;  mesopleura 
bare,  except  one  small  hair  on  the  lower  anterior  corner;  on  the  upper  edge  of 
the  sternopleura  is  one  strong  bristle  and  a  row  of  smaller  hairs. 

Abdomen  reddish-yellow;  the  hypopygium  of  the  male  small;  terminal  seg- 
ments in  the  female  tapering,  slender. 

Wings  hyaline  except  the  stigma,  which  is  brownish-yellow;  veins  dark 
brown,  spines  of  the  costa  rather  short. 

Legs  yellow,  all  the  tarsi  somewhat  blackish,  the  outer  side  of  the  front  feniui- 
somewhat  infuscated  ;  middle  femur  slender ;  hind  femur  rather  stout;  pulvilli 
inconspicuous. 

Six  males  and  thirty  two  females.  Johnson,  St.  John's  County, 
Quebec,  June  5th  ;  Boston,  Mass.,  July  7th.  U.  S.  N.  M.,  P'ran- 
conia,  N.  H.  Daecke,  Orange  Mountains,  N.  J.,  July.  Melander, 
Berkeley,  Cal.,  March  26th  ;  St.  Johns,  Quebec,  September  23rd  ; 
Pullman,  Wash.,  March  9th.  Aldrich,  Friday  Harbor,  Wash., 
May  28th  ;  Moscow,  Idaho,  all  seasons. 

This  species  is  very  common  at  Moscow,  Idaho,  and  can  be  found 
on  windows  at  almost  any  time  during  the  year. 

Becker,  Katalog,  iv,  51,  adopts  Meigen's  name  canescens,  pub- 
lished in  his  Systematische  Beschreibung,  vi,  57,  in  preference  to  this, 
which  was  published  on  the  following  page.  As  there  is  no  ques- 
tion that  the  two  names  refer  to  the  same  species,  the  only  point  at 
issue  between  the  two  is  whether  the  strict  observance  of  page  prece- 
dence justifies  the  changing  of  a  name  that  is  in  general  use.  In 
this  case  we  are  in  entire  accoi'd  with  the  rules  of  the  International 
Congress  in  deciding  against  change. 


ALDRICII    AND    DARLINGTON.  ^  78 

<ECOTIIKA  Haliday. 

Dorsocentral  l)ristle.s  4  (3  l)eliin(l  the  suture) ;  humeral  1;  iioto- 
pleural  2;  presutural  1;  propleural  1;  supra-alar  3;  scutellar  2 
pairs,  the  apical  divei-geiit;  prescutellar  0  or  minute;  frouto-orhital 
1  ;  on  the  middle  til)ia  near  the  middle  one  on  the  hind  side  and 
several  on  the  front.  Head  rather  flattened  in  front,  short  in  lore 
and  aft  measurement;  eyes  smallish,  round;  cheeks  about  half  or 
three-fifths  as  wide  as  the  eye.  Front  very  wide.  Antennse  rather 
large,  third  joint  not  quite  round,  with  long,  thin,  bare  arista.  Oral 
margin  prominent.  No  bristle  on  cheek.  Scutellum  elongate. 
Wings  of  the  usual  form,  costal  spines  strong,  the  hind  apical  angk' 
of  the  discal  cell  generally  acute. 

The  spines  on  the  middle  part  of  the  middle  tibia  are  the  cliief 
mark  of  generic  distinction  ;  they  occur  in  no  other  genus  of  Helo- 
myzidse. 

We  have  but  one  species. 

(Ecolhea  fenet^tralis  Fallen. 

Blepharoptera  specus  Aldncli,  21st  Kept.  Geol.  Iiul.,  1896,  189. 

Length  4.5  mm.;  of  wing,  the  same. 

General  color  brown,  legs  and  feet  yellow. 

Front  brown  above,  yellowish  toward  the  antenna;,  with  rather  coarse  black 
hairs  all  over;  face  light  yellow,  the  distinct  antennal  grooves  darker,  a  single 
strong  vibrissa  on  each  side;  palpi  yellow;  antennae  dark  brown. 

Thorax  brown  on  the  dorsum,  the  humeri,  entire  scutellum,  and  edges  of 
notum  yellow;  scutellum  with  coarse  hairs  on  its  dorsal  surface;  pleura?  laigely 
yellow,  the  mesopleura  and  sternopleura  darker;  mesopleura  bare,  steriiopleura 
with  one  bristle  and  scattered  hairs;  pteropleura  bare;  halteres  yellow. 

Abdomen  darker  brown,  narrowly  whitish  on  the  hind  edges  of  the  segments, 
sixth  segment  and  beyond  yellow. 

Legs  wholly  yellow,  including  cosai  and  tips  of  tarsi. 

Wings  yellovcish,  veins  yellow,  cross-veins  darker  but  not  distinctly  bordered. 

The  specimen  described  is  perhaps  a  little  lighter  in  color  than 
the  average;  there  is  considerable  variation  in  the  intensity  and 
extent  of  the  brown.  The  tarsi  are  sometimes  infuscated  toward 
the  apex,  and  the  scutellum  is  not  always  yellow  at  the  base,  otc. 

Twelve  specimens,  both  sexes.  Aid  rich  :  P>ro()kings,  S.  Dakota  ; 
Porter  and  Wyandotte  Caves,  Indiana.  Jolm.son:  Brookline, 
Mas.s.     U.  S.  N.  M. :  Algonquin,    111. 

The  Indiana  cave  specimens  ai'e  cotyjjes  of  Blepharoptera  .•<pecii!< 
Aldrich.  Blatchley  adds  a  note  to  the  original  description  as  fol- 
lows:    "The  species  of  Blepharo})terie  were  the  largest  and   mosit 

TRANS.   AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (10)  MAEl.Il,   1908. 


74  AMERICAN    DIPTERA. 

common  Diptera  noted  in  the  caves.  They  were  found  in  the 
damper  portions  of  nearly  every  cave  visited,  on  the  walls  and  roof. 
They  were  never  noted  on  the  wing,  except  when  disturbed,  when 
they  would  fly  but  a  short  distance  before  alighting."  This  refers 
to  defessa,  pubescens  and  latens,  as  well  as  the  above  species. 

ECCOPTOMERA  Loew. 

This  genus,  not  hitherto  reported  from  North  America,  but  rej)re 
sented  in  Europe  by  some  nine  species,  is  separated  from  Leria  pri- 
marily by  the  smallness  of  the  eyes;  the  figure  of  our  new  species 
illustrates  this  character. 

Chsetotaxy :  one  humeral,  one  propleural,  one  fronto-orbital,  four 
dorsocentral,  no  prescutellar,  four  scutellar,  one  presutural,  two 
notopleural,  three  supra-alar.  The  middle  femur  has  an  irregular 
I'ow  of  rather  striking  bristles  on  the  front  side  (in  our  species). 
Arista  always  very  long  and  thin.  Antenmie  small,  far  apart,  with 
small  grooves  below  them,  which  are  widely  separated  on  the  face. 
Posterior  cross  vein  forming  an  acute  angle  with  the  fifth  vein 
beiiind,  but  standing  about  at  a  right  angle  with  the  longitudinal 
axis  of  the  wing. 

Eccoptomera  ainericana  Darlinjiton,  n.  sp.  (PI.  IV,  fig.  3). 

Length  6.7  mm. :  of  wing  6.7  mm. 

Yellow,  including  all  the  tarsal  and  antennal  joints;  abdomen  more  or  less 
blackish. 

Head  yellow,  two  dark  brown  stripes  running  from  the  base  of  the  occiput  to 
the  vertex  ;  a  tuft  of  small  hairs  parted  in  the  middle  at  the  base  of  the  occiput ; 
front  somewhat  safl'rou  yellow,  very  slightly  pubescent;  antennae  saflYon  yellow, 
the  distal  end  of  the  second  joint  bordered  with  brown  ;  tliird  joint  scarcely 
equaling  in  length  the  two  preceding  taken  together,  not  infnscated  ;  arista  long 
and  slender,  not  pubescent;  cheeks  straw  color,  about  one  and  one-fourth  times 
the  width  of  the  eye;  one  strong  vibrissa  on  each  side,  rather  far  apart. 

Thorax  yellow;  dorsum  with  very  short  and  inconspicuous  pubescence;  dorso- 
central bristles  large  and  prominent;  scutellum  yellow,  with  sparse  pubescence 
besides  the  usual  four  bristles;  mesopleura  bare  except  three  or  four  very  small 
hairs  on  the  lower  anterior  corner;  sternopleura  with  one  strong  bristle  and  one 
smaller  hair  on  the  upper  edge,  sparsely  pubescent  below. 

Abdomen  varying  from  yellow  to  blackish-yellow;  the  second,  third  and 
fourth  segments  usually  with  a  blackish  posterior  border;  hyi)opygiun)  yellow, 
of  medium  size. 

Legs  entirely  yellow;  pubescence  very  short  and  inconspicuous;  the  front 
femora  armed  with  two  rows  of  strong  bristles,  one  on  the  upper  edge  and  one 
on  the  lower;  hind  femora  armed  with  some  irregularly  placed  bristles. 

Three  males,  Moscow  and  Craig's  Mt.,  Idaho  (xVldrich). 


ALDRK  H    AND    DARLFNCTON.  75 

AXORO^iT<»MA  Loew. 
A  humeral  and  a  propleiiral  brii^tle ;  three  j^upra-alar ;  one  pre- 
sutiiral  ;  two  notopleural ;  one  large  and  one  small  mesopleural 
bristle;  four  dorsocentral  bristles  ;  two  fronto-orbital  bristles.  Eyes 
transversely  ovate  ;  cheeks  broad  ;  face  receding,  the  front  edge  of 
the  mouth  entirely  obliterated  (i.  e.  the  lower  part  of  the  face  is 
not  set  off  from  the  oral  cavity  by  a  sharp  margin).  The  sixth 
longitudinal  vein  extends  to  the  margin  of  the  wing.  The  distinct 
mesopleural  bristle  seems  to  be  a  valuable  generic  character. 

TABLE   OF  SPECIES. 

1.  With  only  one  sternopleural  bristle -• 

With  three  or  four  sternopleural  bristles graiidis  n.  sp. 

2.  Wing  with  a  black  spot  covering  both  cross-veins opaca  Coq. 

Cross-veins  with  separate  spots ^• 

3.  Thorax  black  in  ground  color,  with  gray  dust iiiaculala  n.  sp. 

Thorax  yellow  in  ground  color,  with  yellowish  dust niargiiiata  Lw. 

AnoroNtoma  grandis  Darlington,  n.  sp. 

Length  7.3  mm. ;  of  wing,  the  same. 

Large,  blackish  species,  pulvilli  long  and  conspicuous  (in  the  male);  hind 
femora  exceptionally  stout. 

Occiput  and  front  lirownish  ;  a  black  stripe  extends  from  the  ocellar  bri.stles  to 
the  occiput;  front  densely  pubescent  below;  cheeks  straw  yellow,  about  the 
widtli  of  the  eye;  eyes  transversely  oval ;  antennte  brownish,  third  joint  oval; 
arista  short,  bare;  face  strongly  receding  below  ;  vibrissa;  one  on  each  side,  close 
together,  rather  delicate. 

Thorax  light  brown;  dorsum  rather  densely  sprinkled  with  dark  brown  dots 
from  which  the  small  hairs  arise,  and  with  larger  dark  brown  spots  from  which 
the  bristles  arise;  scutellum  reddish-brown,  bare  except  the  ordinary  four  bris- 
tles; besides  the  one  propleural  bristle  a  propleural  hair;  two  bristles  and  a  liair 
on  the  posterior  margin  of  the  mesopleura,  which  is  otherwise  bare  ;  on  the  upjier 
edge  of  the  sternoplenra  is  a  row  of  from  three  to  four  strong  bristles  (three  on 
one  side;  on  the  other  four,  two  of  which  are  a  little  smaller);  sternopleura 
pubescent  below. 

Abdomen  black,  hypopygium  yellow,  globose. 

Wings  almost  hyaline;  the  end  of  the  auxiliary  vein  and  the  small  and  large 
cross-veins  infuscated  ;  the  cloud  on  the  small  cross-vein  is  preceded  and  follow*  d 
by  whitish  areas,  and  there  is  another  of  these  on  the  costa  beyond  the  end  of 
the  auxiliary,  also  a  few  faint  ones  in  the  base  of  the  wing. 

Legs  yellow;  front  femora  infuscated,  middle  femora  comparatively  sleiidei-, 
hind  ones  exceptionally  stout ;  the  la.st  with  a  black  siiot  near  the  distal  end  ;  all 
the  pulvilli  long  and  conspicuous,  dirty  white  in  color. 

One  male  specimen.  Aldricii  :  Pacific  (irove,  Cal.,  May  'Jth  ; 
collected  in  a  wet  mea(h)\v  in  the  woods  near  the  seashore  al)out  a 
mile  south  of  Pt.  Pinos  I^ight. 

TEANS.  AM.   ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  MARCH.  1  90S 


76  AMERICAN    DIPTERA. 

Aiiorostonia  opaca  Coqiiillett. 

"  Head  yellow,  opaque,  white  pruinose,  the  front  aiid  upper  part  of  the  occiput 
tinged  with  bluish  gray,  a  velvet-black  spot  between  the  antennae  and  each  eye, 
antennse  brownish,  the  arista  marked  before  the  middle  with  a  white  ring,  palpi 
yellow,  proboscis  brown  ;  body  brown,  opaque,  bluish-gray  pruinose,  mesonotuni 
with  four,  the  pleurae  witli  one  brownish  pruinose  vittse ;  sternopleura  bearing 
numerous  short  bristly  hairs  and  with  two  stout  bristles;  legs  yellow,  opaque 
grayisli  pruinose,  except  a  polished  spot  at  base  of  the  posterior  side  of  the  first 
two  pairs  and  a  streak  on  the  posterior  side  of  the  hind  ones;  wings  whitish, 
marked  with  large  pale  gray  spots  and  with  a  black  cloud  covering  the  small  and 
hind  cross-veins,  a  small  black  spot  beneath  apex  of  auxiliary  vein,  one  slightly 
before  middle  of  antepenultimate  section  of  the  fourth  vein,  and  several  smaller 
spots  on  some  of  the  other  veins;  the  gray  color  fills  the  whole  marginal  cell 
beyond  apex  of  auxiliary  vein,  nearly  the  entire  second  half  of  the  submarginal, 
etc.;  length  7  mm.     A  female  specimen  captured  by  the  writer. 

''Habitat. — Los  Angeles  County,  Cal. 

"  Type. — Cat.  No.  5500,  U.  S.  N.  M."     Original  description. 

This  species  is  not  represented  in  the  material  examined.  From 
its  resemblance  to  viaculata,  it  is  probably  a  sand  dune  form, 
although  nothing  has  been  reported  about  its  habits. 

Aiiorosloiiia  Uia<-ulafa  Darlington,  n.  sp.  (PI.  IV,  figs.  4  and  5). 

Length  4.5  mm.;  of  wing,  the  same. 

General  color  gray,  wings  spotted,  cheeks  cream  colored. 

Occiput,  vertex  and  front  gray;  lower  part  of  the  front  somewhat  yellowish 
and  pubescent;  the  two  pairs  of  vertical  and  three  pairs  of  fronto-orbital  bristles 
arise  from  brown  spots;  a  rather  broad  brown  stripe  extends  from  the  ocellar 
bristles  to  the  base  of  the  occiput;  antennae  brown,  third  joint  oval,  arista  white 
for  about  one-third  its  length  at  the  proximal  end  ;  cheeks  about  one  and  a  half 
times  the  width  of  the  eye;  eyes  transversely  ovate;  a  black  spot  connects  the 
base  of  the  antenna  with  the  anterior  somewhat  angular  margin  of  the  eye; 
vibrissae  rather  small. 

Thorax  gray;  dorsum  ash-gray;  the  dorsocentral  bristles  arise  from  large, 
distinct  brown  spots  and  the  small  hairs  arise  from  small  brown  dots;  the 
humeri,  the  lateral  edges  of  the  thorax,  and  the  pleurie,  have  a  reddish-gray 
tinge;  scutellum  gray,  bare  except  the  ordinary  four  bristles,  which  arise  from 
large  brown  spots,  the  apical  pair  confluent;  the  raesopleura  has  one  large  and 
one  small  bristle  on  the  posterior  edge,  othei wise  bare;  the  sternopleura  with 
one  strong  bristle  on  the  upper  edge  and  *vitli  rather  long,  somewhat  scattering 
pubescence  below. 

Abdomen  gray,  the  small  hairs  arising  from  l)rown  dots;  hypojiygium  of  the 
male  gray,  globose,  and  sparsely  covered  with  very  short  pubescence. 

Wings  whitish,  with  large  brown  blotches;  there  is  a  blackish  spot  on  the 
auxiliary  vein  at  its  tip,  one  on  the  small  cross-vein,  and  a  small  one  on  the 
anterior  end  of  the  hind  cross-vein,  forming  a  straight  row  ;  the  jiosterior  end  of 
the  hind  cross-vein  also  a  little  infuscated. 

Legs  pale  yellow,  except  the  femora,  which  are  gray. 


ALDRICH    AND    DARLINGTON.  il 

Twenty-one  males  and  eleven  females.  Aklrich  :  Pacific  Grove, 
Cal.,  May  9th. 

This  species  is  common  on  the  sand  dunes  south  of  Point  Pines 
Light,  on  Monterey  peninsula.       It  flies  close  down  to  the  sand, 
resembling   in    its   movements   the  drifting    sand    grains;    when   it 
alights,  its  mottled  color  blends  perfectly  with  the  sand.     No  infor 
mation  was  gathered  as  to  its  food  habits  or  its  larval  stages. 

Anorostoina  niarKiiiat»  Ldew. 

Length  5.4  mm.;  of  wing,  5.2  inni. 

Head  yellow;  oceiput  clay-yellow,  with  a  rather  wide  black  stripe  running  uji 
the  middle  to  the  vertex  ;  front  a  little  darker  yellow,  rather  densely  pubescent 
below;  antennai  small,  testaceous,  third  joint  roundish,  arista  noticeably  enlarged 
at  l)ase ;  face  strongly  receding  below;  face  and  cheeks  straw-yellow;  one 
vibrissa  on  each  side  of  medium  size. 

Thorax  yellow,  varying  to  brownish,  doisum  pubescent  all  over;  the  bristles 
arising  from  dots;  scutellum  yellow,  bare  except  the  ordinary  bristles;  meso- 
pleura  with  one  strong  bristle  and  two  smaller  ones  on  the  posterior  edge,  and  a 
few  small  iiairs  on  the  lower  anterior  corner ;  sternopleura  with  one  large  and 
one  smaller  bri.stle  on  the  upper  edge,  besides  jiubescence  and  strong  bristles 
below. 

Abdomen  varying  from  yellow  to  brown  ;  hypopygium  of  the  male  large, 
yellowish. 

Wings  yellowish;  the  cross-veins  and  the  end  of  the  auxiliary  vein  stiongly 
infuscated,  forming  a  straight  line  of  three  dots  running  diagonally  across  the 
wing. 

Legs  entirely  straw-yellow,  pulvilli  of  about  the  same  color. 

Fourteen  males  and  twelve  females.  Daecke :  Lucaston,  New 
Jersey,  May  30th;  Brown's  Mills,  New  Jersey,  June  21st;  Manu- 
muskin,  New  Jersey,  May  10th.  Melander :  New  Bedford,  Massa- 
chusetts, June  12th;  Colorado.  U.  S.  N.  M. :  Oswego,  New  York, 
July  1st  (labeled  Anorostoma  curoliitensis  Desv.);  Colorado.  Cooley; 
East  Flathead,  Montana,  July  25th.  Johnson  :  Manumuskin,  New 
Jersey,  May  10th.     Tucker:  Tabernash,  Colorado,  August. 

L,I<:KI4  Desvoidy. 
This  genus  includes  all  the  members  of  the  family  having  four 
(iersocentrals,  except  those  three  small  groups  which  offer  addi- 
tional generic  characters  distinctly  their  own  {Q^cothea,  w'ilh  spines 
on  the  middle  of  the  middle  tibite ;  Eccoptomera,  with  very  snuill 
eyes,  and  Anorostomu,  with  peculiar  face  and  oral  margin);  thus 
Leria  is  a  residual  genus,  not  homogeneous,  yet  difHcidt  to  divide 
by    satisfactory   characters.     The   genus    Scolioceiitra,    founded    by 

TRANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  M.ARCH,  190S. 


78  AMERICAN    DIPT  ERA. 

Loew  to  include  forms  with  woolly  liair  and  curved  apical  spurs  on 
the  middle  tibiae,  we  consider  not  sufficiently  distinct,  and  allow  it 
to  lapse  as  a  synonym,  in  part,  of  Leria.  The  characters  apply 
mostly  to  the  males,  only  with  difficulty  to  the  females,  and  there 
are  intermediate  forms.  Loew  himself  states  that  Leria  iners  has 
curved  spurs,  and  in  Centuries,  iii,  51  he  mentions  his  own  Leria 
spectahilis  as  a  Scoliocentra. 

Among  other  generic  characters,  the  eyes  are  generally  round,  the 
antennae  short,  with  a  round  third  joint,  arista  bare,  either  long  or 
short;  one  humeral  bristle;  one  propleural  ;  two  small  prescutellar ; 
scutellar  bare,  with  the  usual  two  pairs  of  bristles. 

Leria  specus  Aldrich  is  a  synonym  of  CEcothea  fenestraiis,  as  we 
find  from  an  explanation  of  cotypes. 

Leria  carolinensis  Desv.  is  insufficiently  described,  and  we  fail  to 
identify  it,  but  give  a  translation  of  the  original  description. 

Leria  tibialis,  geniculata  and  humeralis,  all  described  originally 
by  Zetterstedt  in  northern  Europe,  are  reported  from  Greenland  by 
Luudbeck  and  part  by  earlier  entomologists.  The  species,  how- 
ever, seem  to  be  badly  confused,  as  in  Katalog  der  Paliiarktischen 
Diptereu,  iv,  47,  48,  Becker  disposes  of  them  as  follows:  tibialis  he 
makes  a  synonym  of  serrata,  humeralis  of  inscripta  Meig.  (Euro- 
pean), while  geniculata  is  in  part  a  synonym  of  serrata,  and  in  part 
of  inscripta  Meig.,  another  European  species.  This  tangle  should 
evidently  be  unraveled  by  European  entomologists;  for  the  present 
it  is  hardly  worth  while  for  us  to  quote  the  descriptions,  as  they  all 
read  much  alike. 

The  remaining  Lerias  of  the  1905  Catalogue  are  included  in  the 
following  table,  with  the  addition  of  helvola  and  fraterna,  formerly 
referred  to  Scoliocentra,  and  of  glauca  new  species,  and  crassipes, 
described  as  European.  Specimens  of  all  the  species  tabulated  have 
been  examined  by  us  except  tristis  and  Intea ;  of  these  we  translate 
the  original  descriptions. 

TABLE  OF  SPECIES. 

1.  Mesopleura  liairy  at  least  on  tlie  lower  and  hind  part 2. 

Mesopleuia  haie,  at  most  with  a  few  Lairs  close  to  the  jiropleuial  bristle.  •  •  -4. 

2.  Mesopleura  entirely  hairy  in  the  male,  in  the  female  tlie  upper  hind  corner 

bare fraternst   Loew. 

Mesopleura  hairy  only  on  the  lower  and  hind  part 3. 

.3.  Abdomen  black,  hind  margins  of  the  segments  reddish. . piibeNCCiiM  Loew. 
Abdomen  black,  not  banded delej^sa  Osten  Sacken. 


ALDRICH    AND    DARLINGTON.  79 

4.  Two  or  more  sternopleural  bristles •'>• 

Only  one  sternopleural  bristle 6. 

5.  Color  pale  yellow biseta  Loew. 

Color  black  or  brown iners  Meigen. 

6.  Pteropleura  with  one  bristle  and  several  hairs  (halfway  between  the  sterno- 

pleural bristle  and  the  root  of  tlie  wing) pectiiiata  Loew. 

Pteropleura  bare '■ 

7.  Thoracic  dorsum  yellow  in  ground  color 8. 

Thoracic  dorsum  black  in  ground  color,  or  mainly  so 10. 

S.  Large  species  (10  mm.),  yellow,  the  abdominal  segments  sharply  banded  with 
black  behind hel vola  Loew. 

Small  species  (4  to  5  mm.),  abdomen  not  so  marked 9. 

f).  Scntellum  flat Intea  Loew. 

Scutellum  convex discolor  Loew. 

10.  Abdomen   wholly  dark  yellow,  contrasting  with   the  thorax. 

serrata  Linn. 
Abdomen  not  wholly  yellow 11- 

11.  Femora  and  tibife  wholly  yellow 1~- 

Femora  and  tibite  partly  blackish 13. 

12.  With  one  vibrissa Jristis  Loew. 

With  two  vibrissie.  the  hind  metatarsus  of  the  male  shortened. 

latent  Aldrich. 

13.  Hind  femora  of  the  male  with  a  comb  of  nine  truncate  black  bristles  below 

near  the  middle cineraria  Loew. 

Hind  femora  not  so  marked 14. 

14.  Humeri  yellow 15. 

Humeri  not  yellow   crassipes  Loew. 

1.^.  Arista  short,  not  over  twice  as  long  as  the  body  of  the  antenna. 

leucostonia  Loew. 
Arista  considerably  longer glauca  n.  sp. 

Leria  fraterna  Loew. 

Scoliocentra  fraterna  Loew,  Centuries,  iii,  51. 
Lena  fraterna  Coquillett,  Wash.  Acad.  Sci.,  ii,  457. 

Chocolate-brown,  with  a  slight  glaucous  coating  and  a  dense  covering  of  fine 
black  hair  on  body  and  legs. 

Head  yellow,  occiput  and  ocellar  triangle  brown,  with  a  whitish  pruino.sity; 
front  with  numerous  fine  black  hairs,  extending  down  on  the  sides  below  the 
base  of  the  antennas ;  anterior  fronto-orbital  more  than  half  as  long  as  the  poste- 
rior; cheeks  fully  half  the  height  of  the  eyes,  hairy  on  the  lower  half;  palpi 
yellow;  one  vibrissa;  antenna?  leddish-brown,  short,  the  arista  of  moderate 
length,  thin,  black. 

Thorax  chocolate-brown,  with  a  whitish  pruinosity,  everywhere  covered  with 
soft,  woolly  black  hair,  except  on  the  scutellum,  metanotum,  metasternum  and 
posterior  half  of  the  pteropleura;  all  the  bristles  except  the  scutellar  are  more 
slender  than  usual,  the  anterior  three  dorso-centrals  and  the  humeral  almost 
imperceptible;  the  position  of  the  dorso-central  row  on  each  side  is  marked  by  a 
faitit,  interrupted  brown  line;  scutellum  bare,  yellowish-brown;  halteres  yel- 
low; one  sternopleural  bristle. 

TRANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  MARCH.  1908. 


80  AMERICAN    DIPTERA. 

Abdomen  reddish-brown,  with  some  irregular  brown  markings  above,  the  last 
segment  and  hypopygium  more  yellow;  very  hairy,  like  the  thorax;  hypopy- 
gium  small,  turned  forward  under  the  preceding  segment. 

Legs  brown,  with  the  same  woolly  hair;  preapical  bristles  of  fore  and  hind 
tibije  very  slender;  middle  tibia  with  a  stouter  preapical  bristle  and  a  cluster  of 
about  five  apical  ones,  of  different  sizes,  the  two  or  three  largest  distinctly 
curved  ;  tarsi  gradually  infuscated,  with  large,  whitish  pulvilli. 

Wings  with  a  faint  brownish  cast,  the  veins  near  the  base,  and  the  subcostal 
cell  yellowish  ;  costal  setfe  of  medium  size. 

Length  8  mm. ;  of  wing,  the  same. 

Female. — A  little  lighter  in  color,  the  hair  everywhere  shorter,  and  the  biistles 
better  developed,  about  as  strong  as  in  the  average  of  the  family. 

Three  females  and  two  males.  Aldrich  :  Moscow,  Idaho,  and  St. 
Anthony  Park,  Minnesota.  Johnson  :  Montreal,  Canada,  June 
20th.  U.  S.  N.  M. :  Ungava  Bay,  Hudson  Bay  Territory,  L.  M. 
Turner,  Nos.  280  and  4186. 

This  is  evidently  a  wide  spread  northern  form  ;  the  type  locality 
is  Sitka,  and  it  has  been  reported  from  White  Mountains,  New 
Hampshire. 

Lieria  pubescent  Loew. 

Length  of  body  7.3  mm. ;  of  wing,  8.1  mm. 

Head,  including  the  occiput,  yellow;  front  entirely  yellow,  rather  densely 
pubescent;  vertical  bristles  rather  long  and  stout;  autennse  yellow,  first  two 
joints  reddish-yellow;  arista  long  and  slender,  only  microscopically  pubescent; 
vibrissfe  one  on  each  side,  rather  long  and  stout;  cheeks  straw-yellow,  about 
three-fifths  the  width  of  the  eye. 

Dorsum  of  the  thorax  cinereous;  the  humeri  and  the  lateral  edges  of  the  dor- 
sum somewhat  reddish  ;  a  rather  distinct  median  brown  line  runs  allnost  the 
length  of  the  thorax  ;  the  dorso-central  bristles  arise  from  brown  spots,  which 
are  almost  confluent ;  the  dorsum  rather  densely  pubescent ;  scutellum  reddish- 
yellow,  bare  except  the  ordinary  four  bristles;  mesopleura  reddish-brown,  rather 
sparsely  pubescent;  besides  one  strong  bristle,  the  sternojileura  has  rather  dense 
and  fairly  long  pubescence. 

Abdomen  brownish,  densely  covered  with  long,  black  pile ;  the  posterior 
edge  of  each  segment  reddish-yellow;  hypopygium  of  the  male  of  medium  size, 
yellow. 

Wings  with  a  brownish  tinge ;  .cross-veins  very  slightly  infuscated;  all  the 
veins  distinctly  brown. 

Legs  reddish-yellow,  densely  pubescent  all  over;  a  rather  long,  bi'own  spot  at 
the  apical  end  of  the  front  tibia;  last  three  tarsal  joints  of  the  front  legs,  the 
last  two  of  the  middle  legs,  and  all  those  of  the  hind  legs  black. 

One  male,  one  female.  Brues:  Horseslioe  Cave,  Door  County, 
Wisconsin,  July  13th. 

This  species  was  reported  from  caves  in  Indiana;  see  note  by 
Blatchley  under  CEcothea  fenestralis. 


Al.DRICH    AND    DARUNt^TOX.  81 

Leria  defessa  Osten  SHcken. 

Length  5.5  mm.;  of  wing  6.2  mm. 

Head  yellowish  ;  occiput  brownish  pollinose;  front  pale  yellow,  wholly  pubes- 
cent; foremost  fronto-orbital  bristle  about  half  the  size  of  the  posterior  one; 
antennae  reddish-brown,  third  joint  roundish,  rather  large;  arista  only  micro- 
scopically pubescent;  face  receding;  cheeks  one-half  the  width  of  the  eye: 
vibrissse  one  on  each  side,  rather  strong. 

Dorsum  of  thorax  grayish-brown  ;  the  dorso-central  bristles  arise  from  large 
brown  spots  and  the  small  hairs  from  smaller  spots;  a  middle  brown  line  runs 
almost  the  whole  length  of  the  thorax;  humeri  yellow;  pleura  rather  dirty 
yellow;  mesopleura  rather  sparsely  pubescent;  sternopleura,  besides  the  one 
strong  bristle,  densely  pubescent  all  over;  scutellum  bare  except  the  ordinary 
four  bristles,  yellow. 

Abdomen  gray;  halteres  yellow;  hypopygium  of  the  male  of  medium  size, 
yellow. 

W>jngs  with  a  brownish  yellow  tinge. 

Legs  yellow;  front  femora  somewhat  infuscated. 

Four  males  and  nine  females.  Melander:  Indiana.  U.  S.  N. 
M. :  Cheat  Mt.  Cave,  Files  Creek,  West  Virginia;  Boone's  Cave, 
Hickman's  Landing,  Kentucky.  Johnson  :  Niagara  Falls,  New 
York,  June  2<Sth. 

This  species  was  first  described  from  a  cave  in  Kentucky,  and 
has  been  reported  from  other  caves  in  Kentucky  and  Indiana.  See 
note  by  Blatchley  under  CEcothea  fenestralis. 

Leria  bi^eta  Loew. 

Length  5.7  mm.;  of  wing,  6.4  mm. 

Yellow,  abdomen  somewhat  infuscated  ;  in  general  appearance  resembles  the 
genus  Helomyza. 

Head  yellow,  front  lemon-yellow,  lower  part  pubescent;  antenna;  reddish- 
yellow,  third  joint  round,  arista  rather  long,  only  microscopically  pubescent; 
cheeks  straw  yellow,  about  three-fourths  the  width  of  the  eyes,  which  are  round, 
occiput  entirely  yellow,  a  tuft  of  small  black  hairs  parted  in  the  middle  at  the 
base  of  the  occiput. 

Thorax  yellow,  the  dorao-pleural  suture  reddish,  dorsum  rather  densely  pubes- 
cent ;  scutellum  lemon-yellow,  bare  except  the  ordinary  four  bristles  ;  mesopleura 
bare  except  a  few  very  small  hairs  on  the  anterior  edge;  sternopleura  with  two 
strong  bristles  of  nearly  equal  size  on  the  upper  edge,  also  with  sparse  pubescence. 

Abdomen  blackish-yellow;  the  second,  third  and  fourth  segments  with  a  black 
posterior  margin  ;  hypopygium  of  the  male  bright  yellow,  rather  large  and 
densely  pubescent. 

Wings  large,  with  a  brownish-yellow  tinge;  the  hind  cross-vein  and  the  apices 
of  the  longitudinal  veins  distinctly  bordeicd  with  brown;  spines  of  the  costa 
yellow. 

Legs  yellow,  densely  covered  with  black  hairs;  distal  end  of  the  hind  femur 
black;  the  last  four  tarsal  joints  of  the  front  legs  black  ;  jiulvilli  white,  lather 
conspicuous. 

TBANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (11)  MARCH.  190H. 


82  AMERICAN    DIPTERA. 

One  male  specimen.     Johnson  :  St.  Johnsbnry,  Vt.,  June  26th. 
This  species  was  described  from   European   material ;  it  has  since 
been  reported  from  Sitka,  and  White  Mountains,  New  Hampshire. 

Lieria  iiiers  Meigen. 

Lenjith  of  body  7  mm. ;  of  winp:  7  mm. 

G-eneral  color  black;  legs  yellow,  infiiscated  ;  hypopygiiim  yellow;  wings 
brown  veined. 

Front  brown,  pubescent;  the  occiput  and  a  narrow  area  running  forward, 
including  the  vertical  triangle,  black;  cheeks  yellowish-brown,  about  three- 
fourths  the  width  of  the  eye  ;  antennse.  brown,  third  joint  oval,  the  arista  missing 
in  the  described  specimen  ;  vibrissse  one  on  each  side,  long. 

Dorsum  of  the  thorax  grayish-black,  covered  with  a  yellowish  pollen,  densely 
pubescent  all  over,  the  small  hairs  arising  from  small  black  dots;  scutellum  same 
color  as  the  thorax,  entirely  bare;  pleurae  grayish-black;  spiracle  on  the  pro- 
pleural  suture  conspicuous;  a  bunch  of  small  black  hairs  on  the  niesopleura  just 
above  the  front  coxa,  mesopleura  otherwise  bare. 

Abdomen  black,  rather  densely  covered  with  long  black  haiis;  hypopygium 
yellow. 

Wings  slightly  brownish  ;  wing  veins  distinctly  brown  ;  spines  of  the  costa  ex- 
ceptionally long  and  sharp. 

The  outside  of  all  the  femora  black  except  the  ends,  which  are  yellow ;  all  the 
tibiee  and  tarsi  yellow;  front  tarsi  flattened  and  widened  from  about  the  end  of 
the  second  joint ;  spurs  of  the  middle  tibiae  curved. 

One  male.     Aldrich  :  Moscow,  Idaho. 

A  European  species  hitherto  reported  from  Nortii  America  but 
ouce,  without  locality. 

Iberia  pectinata  Loew. 

Length  of  body  4.7  mm. ;  of  wing  4.4  mm. 

Head  yellow;  front  somewhat  saffron-yellow,  pubescent;  orbits  of  the  eyes 
whitish  ;  the  occiput,  a  portion  of  the  vertex  surrounding  the  fronto-orbital  bris- 
tles and  the  vertical  triangle  black;  antennae  reddish-yellow,  third  joint  brown- 
ish or  brownish-black  ;  ai-ista  long  and  slender,  bare  ;  cheeks  about  three-fourths 
the  width  of  the  eyes,  somewhat  clay-yellow  ;  vibrissfe  rather  strong. 

Dorsum  of  the  thorax  cinereous,  rather  densely  covered  with  black  pubescence  ; 
pleurae  entirely  gray;  propleura  with  three  or  four  hairs  besides  the  one  strong 
bristle  over  the  fore  coxa;  mesopleura  elitirely  bare;  pteropleura  with  a  distinct 
bristle  and  several  hairs  (this  seems  to  be  one  of  the  best  marks  of  distinction) ; 
sternopleura  covered  with  dense  pubescence,  and  with  one  bristle;  scutellum 
bare,  yellowish. 

Abdomen  cinereous,  the  posterior  n)argins  of  the  segments  usually  yellowish, 
sometimes  entirely  cinereous;  hypopygium  of  the  male  also  yellowisli. 

Wings  somewhat  brownish,  veins  entirely  brown. 

Legs  testaceous;  front  femora  somewhat  infuscated  ;  tarsi  brownish  ;  the  front 
metatarsus  in  the  male  with  an  enlarged  lower  apical  margin,  quite  distinct 
when  seen  from  the  proper  angle. 


ALDRK'H    AND    DARLINGTON.  83 

Seventeen  female.s  and  fonr  males.  Aldrich:  Brookings,  Sontli 
Dakota,  June  11th;  Moscow,  Idaho.  Melander  :  Austin,  Texas, 
Novernl)er  16-19th.  U.  S.  N.  M.:  ]\[esilla  Park,  New  Mexico, 
February  18th.     C.  F.  Baker:  Pine  Lake,  California. 

Tile  species  was  originally  described  from  Texas;  it  has  been 
reported  from  "  upper  burrows  of  desert  rodents"  in  Arizona.  Pro- 
fessor Melander  informs  me  that  he  collected  it  at  Austin,  Texas,  in 
a  novel  manner:  he  buried  wide  mouthed  bottles  up  to  the  neck  in 
ant  hills,  left  them  over  night,  and  on  approaching  next  morning 
slipped  a  cork  in  before  the  flies  had  time  to  be  disturbed. 

Lieria  helvola  Loew. 

Scoliocentra  helvola  Loew.  Centuries,  ii,  SO. 

Male. — Yellow,  the  largest  of  the  family,  with  large  yellow  wiugs. 

Head  yellow,  the  lower  half  deeper  yellow,  sharply  limited  above;  face 
receding,  oral  margin  not  very  distinct,  one  strong  vibrissa;  cheeks  one-third 
the  height  of  the  eye;  antenna  short,  yellow,  with  long,  thin  arista. 

Thorax  yellow,  bristles  fairly  well  developed,  dorsum  with  rather  dense  black 
hair;  pleurse  bare  except  the  sternopleura.  which  is  covered  with  fine,  black 
hair  and  has  one  bristle;  scutellum  bare,  lighter  yellow  than  tlie  rest  of  the 
dorsum,  with  the  usual  bristles;  halteres  yellow. 

Abdomen  yellow,  with  dense  black  hair,  hind  margins  of  the  segments  nar- 
rowly blackish  (less  distinct  than  in  the  female)  ;  hypopygium  small  and 
inflected;  halteres  yellow. 

Legs  yellow,  including  all  the  tarsi;  preapical  bristles  slender  on  front  and 
hind  tibiae;  middle  tibise  with  stouter  ones,  and  a  cluster  of  several  apical  ones, 
the  larger  ones  distinctly  curved  ;  front  tibiae  with  a  row  of  bristles  above  and 
one  below;  hind  tibiw  with  a  short  row  above  near  the  apex:  pulvilli  rather 
large,  whitish. 

Wings  large,  yellow,  the  posterior  cross-vein  and  the  tips  of  the  three  veins 
in  the  ai>ex  margined  with  brown;  a  distinctly  yellower  tinge  accompanies  all 
the  veins,  last  section  of  fifth  vein  only  one-third  as  long  as  the  posterior  cross- 
vein  ;  costal  setae  strong. 

Length  8.5  mm. ;  of  wing  9.5  mm. 

Female. — Paler  yellow,  less  hairy,  bristles  larger,  distinct  narrow  black  holders 
behind  on  the  second,  third,  fourth  and  fifth  abdominal  segments. 

One  male,  five  females.  Aldrich:  a  pair  from  Ithaca,  New  York, 
June  5  and  July  6,  1897,  which  were  originally  in  the  collection  of 
('ornell  University.  Daecke  :  Orange  ^Mountains.,  New  Jersey, 
August,  a  female  collected  by  Weidt.  U.  S.  N.  M.:  White  :\rount- 
ains.  New  Hampshire.  Johnson  :  North  Mountain.,  Pennsylvania, 
August  28,  1897,  and  Elkhard,  Indiana. 

Originally  described  from  Illinois,  but  the  distribution  is  ralher 
ea.stern. 

TEANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  X.XXIV.  MARCH,   190S. 


84  AMERICAN    DIPTERA. 

Iberia  discolor  Loew. 

Length  of  body  5.4  mm. ;  of  wing  4.6  mm. 

General  color  yellow;  abdomen  somewhat  darker. 

Head  yellow;  front  saffron -yellow,  wholly  pubescent;  antennae  same  color, 
third  joint  round  ;  arista  noticeably  enlarged  at  base,  the  base  yellow,  remainder 
black,  only  microscopically  pubescent;  cheeks  about  one-half  the  width  of  the 
round  eyes,  straw  yellow;  vibrissse  one  on  each  side,  rather  large  and  strong; 
orbits  of  the  eyes  somewhat  silvery  pollinose. 

Thorax  yellow  ;  dorsum  densely  pubescent  with  black  hairs;  scutellum  bright 
yellow,  bare  except  the  ordinary  four  bristles;  mesopleura  yellow,  bare  except 
three  or  four  small  hairs  at  the  lower  anterior  corner;  steruopleura  with  one 
strong  bristle  and  about  five  small  hairs  on  the  upper  edge,  also  numerous  hairs 
on  the  lower  part. 

Abdomen  yellowish-brown  ;  hypopygium  of  the  male  yellow,  of  medium  size. 

Wings  unspotted,  almost  hyaline;  wing  veins  yellow;  spines  of  the  costa 
rather  small. 

Legs  yellow;  tarsi  somewhat  darker;  pulvilli  dirty  white,  rather  conspicuous. 

One  male  and  three  females,  from  the  t3'pe  locality.  U.  S.  N. 
M. :  Mt.  Washington  and  White  Mountains,  New  Hampshire. 

L<eria  serrala  Linn. 

Length  5.3  ram. ;  of  wing  5.9  mm. 

Head  yellow,  occiput  black  ;  front  saffron-yellow  above,  lighter  below,  densely 
pubescent;  first  two  joints  of  the  antennse  yellowish-brown;  third  joint  black, 
arista  long,  only  niicroscopicaliy  pubescent;  cheeks  yellow,  three-fourths  the 
width  of  the  eye;  more  than  one  vilirissfe  on  each  side. 

Thorax  ash-gray,  densely  pubescent;  a  narrow  brown  stripe  runs  down  the 
middle,  with  a  wider  one  on  each  side,  from  which  the  dorso-central  bristles 
arise;  scutellum  ash-gray,  bare  except  the  ordinary  four  bristles;  mesopleurae 
bare  except  a  few  small  hairs  at  the  lower  anterior  corner;  sternopleura,  besides 
the  one  strong  bristle,  with  rather  dense  pubescence. 

Abdomen  wholly  reddish-yellow  or  saffron-yellow,  hypopygium  of  the  male  of 
the  same  color,  small. 

Wings  grayish  translucent,  veins  yellowish-brown. 

Legs  yellow;  front  femora  infuscated  on  the  outside;  last  three  or  four  tarsal 
joints  of  all  the  legs  blackish. 

Nine  males  and  nine  females.  Cooley  :  Bozeman,  Montana,  May 
27th  to  July  7th.  Melander:  Mayfield  Cave,  Bloomington,  Indiana. 
Brues:  Horseshoe  Cave,  Door  County,  Wisconsin,  July  13th.  Aid- 
rich:  Moscow,  Idaho. 

The  preceding  species  is  very  similar  in  appearance  to  Tcphro- 
chlamys  rufiventris ;  it  can  he  distinguished  by  having  four  dorso- 
central  bristles,  shorter  antennae  and  more  bristly  epistoma. 

The  earliest  described  species  of  the  family  ;  common  in  many 
parts  of  Europe  as  well  as  North  America;  frequently  collected  in 
caves,  also  on  windows  of  houses.  According  to  Brauer,  the  larvio 
have  been  bred  from  funtri  and  from  hen  manure. 


ALDRICH    AND    DARLINGTON.  85 

Lieri»  lateus  Aldiich. 

Brownish-black,  the  head,  knees,  venter  and  tip  of  abdomen  reddish;  two 
vibrissse  on  each  side. 

Length  4.8  mm.;  of  wing  5  mm. 

Front  saffron-yellow;  occiput,  a  narrow  stripe  including  the  fronto-orbital 
bristles,  and  a  broader  area  including  the  vertical  triangle,  black;  first  two 
antennal  joints  reddish-yellow,  third  joint  black,  arista  long,  only  microscopically 
pubescent;  cheeks  yellow,  about  three-fourths  the  width  of  the  eye;  two  strong 
vibrissiE  on  each  side,  the  front  one  somewhat  the  longer. 

Thorax  black,  dorsum  rather  densely  pubescent;  scutellum  black,  bare  except 
the  ordinary  four  bristles,  which  are  rather  unusually  long;  mesopleura  black, 
bare;  sternoplenra  with  a  row  of  four  or  five  unequal  bristles  on  the  upper  edge, 
pubescent  below.. 

Abdomen  black  ;  the  venter  and  the  posterior  border  of  each  segment  and  all 
the  fifth  segment  reddish-yellow  in  the  female;  hypopygium  of  the  male  yellow, 
of  medium  size. 

Wings  grayish,  almost  hyaline,  unspotted  ;  veins  brown  ;  spines  of  the  costa 
rather  small  and  inconspicuous. 

Cosfe  and  femora  black,  hairy,  the  latter  stout;  trochanters  and  knees  red; 
tibiffi  usually  with  considerable  red  or  reddish-yellow  color,  especially  near  the 
middle;  tarsi  almost  uniformly  brown. 

Three  males  and  three  females.  Aldrich  (c()tyj)es) :  Porter's 
Cave,  Indiana,  July  14th.  Milwaukee  Public  Museum:  Horseshoe 
Cave,  Door  'County,  Wisconsin,  July  13th.  Melander  :  Austin, 
Texas,  January  20th. 

See  note  by  Blatchley  under  (J-Jcothea  fenestralis. 

Leria  cineraria  Loew. 

Length  of  body  6.2  mm. ;  of  wing  7.7  mm. 

Ash-gray;  a  comb  of  about  nine  strong,  blunt  bristles  on  the  hind  femora  of 
the  male. 

Head  yellowish  ;  occiput  gray,  the  gray  portion  extending  forward  on  the 
edges  so  as  to  include  the  fronto-orbital  bristles,  and  in  the  middle  so  as  to 
include  tlie  vertical  triangle;  front  from  saffrou-yellow  above  to  lemon-yellow 
below,  rather  densely  pubescent;  eyes  round,  about  twice  the  width  of  the 
cheeks;  antennae  brown,  first  two  joints  yellowish-brown;  arista  long,  nearly 
bare;  vibrissse  long  and  rather  stout. 

Thorax  ash-gray;  dorsum  pubescent,  the  small  hairs  arising  from  distinct 
brown  dots,  the  bristles  arising  from  larger  brown  spots;  upper  surface  of  the 
scutellum  gray,  but  yellowish  on  the  margins,  bare  except  the  ordinary  four 
bristles;  mesopleurse  bare  except  three  or  four  hairs  on  the  lower  anterior  cor- 
ner, just  above  the  front  coxa;  sternopleurje  with  one  strong  bristle  and  four  or 
five  smaller  hairs  on  the  upper  edge,  besides  numerous  hairs  on  the  lower  part. 

Abdomen  gray,  hypopygium  of  the  male  yellow,  medium  sized  ;  in  the  female 
the  last  two  segments  are  reddish-yellow  and  the  ventral  side  of  the  abdomen  is 
reddish-brown. 

TRANS.   AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  MARCH.  1903. 


86  AMERICAN    DIPTKRA. 

Wings  hyaline  except  the  subcostal  cell. 

Legs  pale  yellow,  tarsi  brownish  ;  hind  femora  of  male  with  a  comb  of  about 
nine  strong,  blunt,  black  bristles  on  the  inner  or  hind  side. 

Two  males  and  three  females.   Aldrich:  Moscow,  Idaho,  June  7th. 

Note. — Our  specimens  agree  with  Loew's  description  in  every 
particular,  except  that  he  says  that  the  dorsum  of"  the  thorax  is 
unspotted,  while  in  all  of  these  it  is  distinctly  spotted. 

Leria  crassipe.s  Loew. 

Loew,  Zeitsch.  f.  Ent.  xiii,  68  (Blepharoptera). — Germany. 

Male. — Rather  small,  dark  grayish,  the  large  hypopygium  and  the  legs  testa- 
ceous, the  coxffi  and  the  chest  between  them  with  very  dense  pile.  Length  5- 
5.2  mm. ;  of  wing  5.2-5.3  ram. 

Blackish-gray.  Front  somewhat  narrower  than  in  most  of  the  other  species. 
Occiput  and  vertex  blackish-gray.  The  anterior  of  the  two  fron to-orbital  bris- 
tles rather  strong.  Antennae  reddish-yellow  or  yellow,  tlie  third  joint  sometimes 
brown  on  a  great  part  of  its  outer  side  ;  arista  rather  short,  with  pubescence  some- 
what more  noticeable  than  in  other  species.  Eyes  large,  rounded  ;  cheeks  of  only 
moderate  breadth  ;  vibrissse  one  on  each  side,  long.  Thorax  with  quite  dense 
and  rough  hair;  an  extremely  small  dot  at  the  base  of  each  hair;  between  the 
dorso-central  rows  of  bristles  are  two  faint  brownish-black  lines,  generally  much 
abbreviated  in  front;  on  each  side  are  two  spots  of  the  same  color,  still  fainter, 
one  before  and  one  behind  the  suture,  the  latter  one  larger.  Scutellum  concol- 
orous  with  thorax.  Pleurse  more  pure  cinereous  than  the  dorsum,  sometimes 
somewhat  brownish  ;  only  one  sternopleural  bristle,  but  the  row  of  hairs  in  front 
of  it  are  somewhat  strong  and  bristle-like,  so  that  one  or  two  of  them  may 
approach  the  size  of  bristles;  mesopleura  bare;  between  the  middle  and  hind 
coxifi  with  dense  and  stout  bristles.  Abdomen  blackish  cinereous,  the  hind  mar- 
gins of  the  segments  often  brownish-red  or  almost  testaceous.  Hypopygium 
brown-yellowish  or  more  red-yellowish,  large  and  thick,  with  sparse  hair.  Legs 
brownish-yellow,  densely  hairy  ;  tarsi  infuscated  ;  femora  very  strong,  the  front 
ones  with  many  bristles;  on  the  underside  of  all  the  femora  are  only  the  usual 
hairs,  but  very  dense.  Wings  with  a  perceptible  tinge,  more  gray-brown  than 
yellow-brown  ;  subcostal  cell  narrow  ;  bristles  of  the  costa  numerous. 

The  preceding  is  a  translation  of  the  entire  original  description. 
We  have  two  female  specimens,  sent  us  under  this  name  from  the 
United  States  National  Museum,  from  Ungava  Bay,  Hudson's 
Bay  Territory,  Nos.  4116  and  4186,  collector  L.  M.  Turner.  The 
description  applies  very  well,  only  as  these  are  females  the  pilosity 
is  not  so  strong  as  described,  especially  on  and  between  the  coxse ; 
the  row  of  hairs  on  the  sternopleura,  while  rather  large,  do  not 
approach  tlie  stature  of  bristles.  The  specimens  having  been  in 
alcohol,  it  is  imp()ssil)le  to  say  much  about  the  lines  and  dots  of  the 
thorax.  The  species  was  described  from  Europe,  and  this  is  the 
first  published  reference  to  its  occurrence  in  Norlii   America. 


ALDRICH    AND    DARLINGTON.  87 

L<<*ria  leucostoiiia  Loew. 

Length  of  body  3.7  mm. ;  of  wing  4.4  mm. 

Vertex  and  occiput  gray;  front  saffion-yellow;  antennse  brownish  yellow, 
third  joint  round,  arista  black,  only  microscopically  pubescent ;  orbits  of  the  eyes 
whitish  ;  face  somewhat  cream  colored,  cheeks  about  one-third  the  width  of  the 
eye;  eyes  round  ;  vibrissse  one  on  each  side,  ralher  strong. 

Dorsum  of  the  thorax  ashy  gray,  rather  densely  pubescent;  dorso-central  bris- 
tles rather  slender;  humeri  conspicuously  reddish-yellow;  propleurte  reddish- 
yellow;  mesopleurae  gray  except  the  margins,  which  are  yellow,  bare;  sterno- 
pleurte  yellowish,  one  strong  bristle  and  four  or  five  hairs  on  the  upper  edge; 
scutelium  yellow,  bare  except  the  ordinary  four  biistles. 

Abdomen  from  yellow  to  brown,  each  segment  with  a  silvery  posterior  margin  ; 
hypopygium  yellow,  of  medium  size. 

Wings  entirely  hyaline;  spines  of  the  costa  small. 

Legs  yellow;  all  the  tarsi  and  the  distal  end  of  the  tibiae  brown. 

Three  male  specimens.  Johnson  :  Hampton,  New  Hampshire, 
May  25th  and  September  12th.  Aldrich  :  Mt.  Constitution,  Wash- 
ington, July  7th.     U.  S.  N.  M.  :  White  ^Mountains,  JNIorrison. 

Leria  glaiica  Aldrich,  u.  sp. 

Length  6.1  mm.;  of  wing  7.5  mm. 

Occiput,  vertical  triangle  and  thorax,  except  apical  part  of  scutelium,  of  a 
smooth  glaucous  gray  color,  much  as  in  Tephroehlamys  rtifiventris  and  Leria  serraia. 
Remainder  of  head  reddish-yellow,  third  joint  of  antenna  infuscated,  the  arista 
long  and  slender.  Cheek  fully  half  the  width  of  the  eye.  A  single  vibrissa,  the 
hairs  behind  it  small. 

Bristles  of  the  thoracic  dorsum  long,  the  intervening  hairs  fine  and  short;  tlie 
bristles  are  seated  on  blackish  dots;  a  slender  median  brown  line  on  the  dorsum, 
abbreviated  at  both  ends;  scutelium  yellowish  on  the  apical  part,  flat  and  bare, 
with  the  usual  four  bristles;  pleurte  concolorous  with  dorsum,  mesopleura  and 
pteropleura  bare,  except  a  few  hairs  on  the  former  in  its  lower  front  comer; 
sternopleura  with  one  bristle  and  covered  with  fine  haiis,  which  become  larger 
below.     Halteres  yellow. 

Abdomen  dark  yellow  in  ground  color,  but  considerably  blackened  above 
except  near  the  apex  ;  hind  margins  of  the  segments  lighter  except  the  first. 

Legs  including  coste  yellow,  the  tarsi  darker  toward  the  tip;  claws  and  pul- 
villi  large;  hind  metatarsus  with  two  bristles  below  near  the  base. 

Wings  hyaline,  long  and  wide. 

A  single  female,  Pullman,  Washington,  April  16,  190-^,  from 
Professor  jNIelander. 

The  species  has  a  marked  resemblance  to  serrata,  l)ut  the  abdomen 
is  considerably  black  above,  the  hairs  in  the  vicinity  of  the  vibrissa 
are  small ;  the  anterior  fronto-orbital  bristle  is  very  sniall.  while  in 
■<errata  it  is  nearly  as  large  as  the  one  behind. 

TEANS.   AM.   KNT.  .^OC.  XXXIV.  MAKCII.  190S. 


50  AMERICAN    DIPTERA. 

liCria  Inlea  Loew. 

"Male  and  female.  Wholly  ochraeeous,  opaque,  tarsi  brownish  toward  the 
apex,  arista  only  slightly  pubescent,  one  strong  vibrissa  on  each  side,  mesopleura 
bare,  scutellum  bare  except  the  usual  bristles;  all  the  femora  stout;  hypopygiuni 
of  the  male  small ;  wings  a  little  cinereous,  spines  of  the  costa  minute. 

"Related  to  Lerin  inseripia  and  crassipes.  Entirely  ochraeeous,  opaque.  An- 
tennae concolorous,  first  two  joints  very  short,  third  rather  large,  round,  with  a 
slender,  almost  bare  blackish  arista.  Eyes  roundish.  Cheeks  rather  broad.  One 
stout  vibrissa  on  each  side.  Mesopleura  bare;  one  sternopleural  bristle.  Seg- 
ments of  the  abdomen  subequal,  the  middle  ones  sometimes  brown  or  black, 
except  the  hind  edges.  Hypopygium  of  the  male  small,  concolorous.  Coxte  and 
mesosternum  with  black  pile.  Legs  ochraeeous,  the  femora  stout,  tarsi  brownish 
toward  the  apex.  Wings  yellowish  subhyaline,  brown  toward  the  apex  and 
hind  border,  spines  of  the  costa  small.  (Sitka;  Sahlberg)."  Entire  description 
translated. 

This  species  we  are  unable  to  recognize  in  our  material ;  the  ref- 
erence to  inscripta  raises  the  suspicion  that  the  geniculata  from 
Greenland  may  be  this  species,  and  this  may  really  be  identical  with 
inscripta.     On  this  we  have  no  evidence. 

Mr.  Fyles  has  reported  lutea  from  Quebec. 

Lieria  trisf  is  Loew,  Centuries,  ii,  84. 

Female. — Small,  hlankish-gray,  head  yellow,  antenn*  brownish-black,  seta 
short,  nearly  bare;  legs  black  ;  wings  grayish  hyaline,  spines  of  the  costa  sparse 
and  small.     Length  3^  mm.;  of. wing  3A  mm. 

Blackish-gray.  Head  yello\^f  occiput  and  vertex  blackish-gray.  Antennie 
brownish-black,  first  two  joints  brown,  third  round,  arista  short,  nearly  bare. 
Eyes  rather  large,  round;  cheeks  rather  small;  face  receding  below,  vibrissa- 
rather  small.  Pieurje  and  scutellum  bare  except  the  ordinary  bristles.  Legs 
entirely  black.  Halteres  pale  yellowish.  Wings  ashy  hyaline,  the  stigma  very 
pale  brownish  ;  veins  blackish,  spines  of  the  costa  scattered  and  small.  (Winni- 
peg;  Kennicott.)     Translation  of  entire  description. 

This  species  is  not  among  those  we  have  examined.  It  has,  how- 
ever, been  seen  from  the  Commander  Islands,  Alaska,  by  Coquillett, 
and  is  also  reported  from  New  Jersey  by  Johnson  in  Smith's  Cata- 
logue of  the  Insects  of  New  Jersey. 

Scatopliaga  carolinen!«is  Desvoidy,  Myodaires,  629. 
(Referred  to  Leria  in  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  France,  1841,  258.) 

"  Nigro-subcinerea;  facie  alba;  frontalibus  rubris;  fiedibus  fulvis,  alse  sub- 
fiavescentes." 

Length  8  mm.  This  species,  lacking  the  antenna-,  may  belong  to  a  different 
section,  but  it  shows  most  of  the  characters  of  a  Sicatophaga. 

"All  the  body  brownish-black,  with  a  very  light  cinereous  covering;  face 
white;  frontalia  fulvous,  broad  anteriorly  ;  legs  yellow,  with  a  little  dark  brown 
ou  the  femora ;  wings  with  a  light  yellowish  tinge,  markings  little  developed. 


ALDRICH    AND    DARLINGTON.  89 

"This  species,  coming  from  Carolina,  was  given  me  by  M.  Bosc 
under  the  name  Musca  Jiaveseens." 

Entire  description  translated  into  English  except  the  diagnosis. 
We  are  unable  to  identify  the  .species  with  certainty  or  plausibility 
from  the  vague  characterization.  Perhaps  it  was  really  a  Scato- 
phaga,  as  the  redness  of  the  front  would  indicate. 

A  pair  of  specimens  from  the  U.  S.  N.  M.,  locality  Oswego,  New 
York,  came  to  us  under  this  name,  while  others,  not  specifically  dis- 
tinct, from  Colorado  were  labeled  Anorodoma  mar(jinatu,  we  tliink 

correct! V. 

H¥:i.On\Z\  Fallen. 

Humeral  bristle  absent;  propleural  absent;  five  dorso-centrals ; 
three  supra-alar;  two  notopleural ;  one  presuturai  ;  scutellar  two 
pairs  ;  one  fr()nto-orl)ital ;  one  sternopleural.  Face  with  distinctly 
projecting  oral  margin  ;  antennae  with  somewhat  elongated  third 
antennal  joint,  the  arista  in  most  cases  more  or  less  plumose. 
Wings  large,  in  the  majority  of  cases  with  markings,  which  usually 
l)order  the  cross-veins  and  the  apices  of  the  longitudinal   veins. 

In  this  genus  the  transverse  suture  of  the  thorax  runs  obliquely 
forward  from  its  origin  at  the  side,  so  that  the  portion  behind  it  is 
larger  than  usual  ;  four  of  the  five  sternopleural  bristles  are  behind 
the  suture. 

The  species  are  as  a  rule  rather  large,  yellow,  somewhat  elongate 
forms,  easily  distinguished  by  the  absence  of  humeral  and  propleu- 
ral bristles,  together  with  the  large  number  of  five  dorso  centrals. 

We  have  seen   all  tlie  species  of  the  table  except  the  Mexican 

forms  and  apicaiis ;  the  descriptions  of  these,  together  with  those 

of  Walker's  two  supposed  species,  are  i-eproduced  at  the  end  of  the 

genus. 

TABLE   OF   SPECIES. 

1.  Arista  plumose "-• 

Arista  bare  or  merely  pubescent T- 

2.  Mesopleura  bare ^• 

Mesopleura  with  hairs (>. 

.').  Cheeks  more  tlian  one-third  the  eye  height 4. 

Cheeks  less  than  one-third  the  eye  height 5. 

4.  Scutellum  pilose loiisipeiiiiis  Loew. 

Scntellum  with  only  a  very  few  scattering  hairs pliiiiiHla  Loew. 

5.  Scutellum  bare linibala  Thomson. 

Scutellum  pilose quiiiquepuiielata  Say. 

6.  Ocellar  knob  black,  face  witii  narrow  silver-white  lateral  margins  (Mexico  . 

piinctiilala  VauderWulp. 
Ocellar  knob  not  black,  and  no  silver-white  margins  of  face. 

iieuioriim  Meigen. 

TR.\NS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (12)  MAECH.  1908. 


90  AMERICAN    DIPTERA. 

7.  Blackish  sjiots  of  different  sizes  in  all  the  cells  of  the  wing  (Mexico). 

|>oIy!<if igiiia  YauderWulp. 
A  ronnded  dot  between  the  second  and  third  veins  (Mexico). 

diMtigniii  Van  der  Wulp. 
A  black  spot  on  each  side  of  the  ocellar  si)ot  (Mexico)-  •  •  iiiioiis  Giglio-Tos. 
Without  the  above  characters 8. 

8.  Wiujjs  entirely  hyaline zetter!!ite<lti  Loew. 

The  transverse  veins  and  apices  of  longitudinals  distinctly  infuscated 9. 

9.  Scutellum  except  the  sides  bare apicalis  Loew. 

Scutelluni  pilose barberi  n.  sp. 

Heloiuyza  loiigipeiiuis  Loew. 

Length  8.1  mm.;  of  wing,  the  same. 

Large,  rather  pale  yellow  to  reddish-yellow  species,  marked  with  a  blackish 
triangle  on  each  of  abdominal  segments  two  to  five;  this  triangle  as  wide  as  the 
segment  and  occupying  all  its  posterior  part,  the  apex  of  the  triangle  pointing 
cephalad  and  indistinctly  approaching  the  next  preceding  segment. 

Head  bright  yellow,  front  wide,  with  one  fron to-orbital  on  each  side;  antenna- 
short,  the  third  joint  a  little  elongated  ;  arista  with  short  but  dense  plumosity  ; 
face  and  cheeks  pale  yellow  ;  vibri.ssse  small ;  cheeks  hardly  half  as  high  as  the  eye. 

Dorsum  of  thorax  testaceous,  not  dotted  ;  scutellum  flat,  pilose  above;  meso- 
pleura  bare ;  sternopleui'a  with  one  strong  bristle,  and  a  few  delicate  yellow  hairs, 
the  lower  part  with  longer  mostly  yellow  hairs. 

Abdomen  lighter  yellow,  marked  with  black  as  indicated  above;  hypopygium 
small,  yellow;  venter  in  the  male  with  long  yellow  hair. 

Legs  yellow,  femora  in  the  male  stout,  all  with  a  row  of  spines  on  the  outer 
side,  and  abundant,  long  yellow  hair  on  the  lower  part;  last  two  joints  of  the 
tarsus  black. 

Wings  yellowish,  large  and  broad,  the  cross-veins  ami  tips  of  longitudinals 
with  only  a  trace  of  infuscation.  strongest  on  the  hind  cross-vein. 

Three  males  and  one  female.  Johnson:  St.  Johnsbury,  Vermont, 
June  27th;  Delaware  Water  Gap,  New  Jersey,  July  11th;  North 
Mountain,  Pennsylvania,  August  28th.  Daecke  :  Bloomjfield,  New 
Jersey,  September  (Weidt). 

The  type  locality  was  New  York,  and  the  species  had  been 
reported  from  New  Jersey  by  Johnson  in  Smith's  Catalogue. 

lleloniyza  pliiniafa  Loew. 

Length  4.6-5.2  mm. ;  of  wing  5.9  mm. 

General  color  pale  yellow  ;  legs  somewhat  lighter  colored  ;  five  brown  spots  on 
the  wing. 

Head  yellow;  eyes  medium  sized,  roundish;  front  saffron-yellow,  lower  part 
densely  pubescent;  antennas  same  color  or  slightly  darker,  third  joint  oval; 
arista  rather  long,  plumose;  cheeks  about  half  as  wide  as  the  eyes,  paler  than 
the  front;  vibrissse  rather  small. 

Dorsum  of  thorax  saffron-yellow;  besides  the  ordinary  bristles  it  is  densely 
pubescent  all  over,  the  small  hairs  arising  from  small  brown  dots;  humeri 
lighter  in  color;  mesopleura  pale  yellow,  entirely  bare;  sternopleura  pale  yellow, 
with  several  small  hairs  besides  the  one  strong  bristle;  scutellum  thinly  hairy 
and  with  the  usual  four  bristles. 


ALDRUIl    AND    DA  KLI  NMiTON. 


«)1 


Wings  sliglitly  yellowish;  small  and  laijie  cross-veins  and  tlie  apices  of  the 
longitudinal  veins  distinctly  bordeied  with  brown. 

Abdomen  yellow,  each  segment  with  a  blackish  i)osterior  border;  liypopygium 
of  male  large,  brighter  yellow. 

Legs  light  j'ellow. 

Eiglit  male  iind  seven  female  .specimen?.  Aldrich  :  Knoxville, 
Tennessee  (Summers)  ;  Battle  Creek,  Michigan  ;  South  Dakota, 
July  2n(l.  U.  S.  X.  M.  :  O.swego,  New  York;  Milwaukee  County, 
Wisconsin,  July  15th.  Johnson  :  Philadelphia,  Penna.  ;  Delaware 
Water  Gap,  New  Jersey;  Montreal  Island,  Quebec ;  Auburndale, 
Mass.;  Burlington,  Vermont,  and  Ft.  Collins.  C'olorado ;  dates  from 
June  25th  to  August  14th.  Melander :  Wisconsin  (Wheeler); 
Angora,  Penna.,  September  17th. 

The  type  locality  was  New  York. 

Heloinyza  linibata  Thomson   (PI.  IV,  fig.  6). 

Length  5.3  mm. ;  of  wing  6.2  mm. 

General  color  pale  yellow;  legs  a  little  lighter;  wings  strongly  iufuscated. 

Head  yellow;  eye  large,  round;  vertex  and  upper  part  of  the  front  safiVon- 
yellow,  lower  part  of  the  front  lighter  yellow,  densely  pubescent;  ocellar  trian- 
gle also  pubescent;  antenuaj  pale  yellow,  third  joint  oval;  arista  of  moderate 
length,  plumose;  vibrissse  of  medium  size,  one  on  each  side;  cheeks  narrow. 

Thorax  entirely  pale  yellow,  dorsum  densely  pubescent;  mesopleura  baie; 
sternopleura  with  one  strong  bristle  and  numerous  small  black  hairs;  scutelium 
safFrou-yellow,  bare  except  the  ordinary  four  bristles  and  an  occasional  small 
hair  near  the  margin. 

Wings  with  the  marginal  and  usually  the  first  submarginal  cell  distinctly 
infuscated,  also  the  ends  of  all  the  longitudinal  veins;  both  cross-veins  distinctly 
bordered  with  brown. 

Abdomen  of  the  female  nearly  black,  that  of  the  male  not  nearly  so  dark,  but 
with  a  black  band  on  the  posterior  edge  of  each  segment;  hypopygium  of  ihi- 
male  large,  yellow. 

Legs  straw-yellow  ;  hind  knees  blackish. 

Five  male  and  nine  female  specimens.  Aldrich  :  San  ^fateo, 
Palo  Alto  and  San  Jose,  California,  January  26th  to  April  12lh; 
Orcas  Island,  Guemes  Island,  and  Keyjjort,  Washington,  July  7ih 
to  August  7th. 

Type  locality,  (California. 

Heloiiiyza  qiiiiiquepuuctata  Say. 

llelomi/sa  latericia  Loew,  Centuries,  ii,  89. 

Length  5.7-6  mm. ;  of  wing  6  mm. 

General  color  yellow,  the  large  and  small  cross-veins  and  the  apices  of  the 
longitudinal  veins  distinctly  bordered  with  brown;  scutelium  entirely  pilose; 
eyes  large,  ovate. 

Front  safTron-yeliow.  broader  at  the  vertex  than  at  the  antenna-;  face  lighter 
yellow,  broadening  from  the  antenuie  down  ;  anteniue  yellow,  third  joint  large, 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  .MAKCH.   1908. 


92  AMERICAN    DIPTERA. 

ol)long-ovate,  witli  plumose  arista  ;  cheeks  narrow,  pale  yellow  ;  vibris^se  diie  on 
each  side,  of  medium  size.  At  the  base  of  the  occiput  is  a  tuft  of  black  hair 
parted  in  the  middle. 

Dorsum  of  thorax  with  numerous  small  brown  spots,  out  of  which  arise  the 
small  hairs;  ground  color  saffron-yellow;  mcsopleura  entirely  bare,  somewhat 
paler  yellow;  sternopleura  with  one  strong  bristle  and  numerous  small  hairs 
below;  scutellum  the  same  color  as  the  thoiax,  wholly  pilose. 

Wiugs  sligiitly  brownish,  the. front  and  hind  cross-veius  and  the  apices  of  the 
longitudinal  veins  distinctly  bordered  with  brown. 

Abdomen  yellow,  the  hind  margin  of  each  segment  black  ;  hyj)opygium  of  the 
male  rather  small. 

Legs  straw-yellow,  the  last  three  tarsal  joints  of  all  the  legs  black;  j)rpapical 
bristles  of  the  tibia  long  and  slender. 

Four  female  and  one  male  specimens.  Aldncb  :  Battle  Creek, 
Michigan.  U.  S.  N.  M. :  Southern  Georgia.  Johnson  :  Opelousas, 
Louisiana,  March  to  May  (Hough). 

Type  locality,  Connecticut;  it  has  also  been  repoi-ted  from  the 
.White  Mountains  of  New  Hampshire  by  Mrs.  Slosson. 

This  species  was  redescribed  by  Loew  as  H.  latericia,  but  in  a 
note  appended  to  the  description  he  says  he  should  have  identified 
it  with  qninquepimctata  had  not  Say  asserted  the  antennte  of  the 
latter  to  be  five  spotted.  This  was  a  mistake  on  the  part  of  Loew, 
since  Say  said  nothing  of  the  kind,  but  located  the  spots  on  the 
wing. 

(In  my  Catalogue  I  made  Loew's  plumata,  instead  of  latericia,  a 
synonym  of  qninquepimctata;  this  I  am  now  satisfied  was  due  to 
some  confusion  of  names,  as  latericia  is  cleai'ly  the  synonym. — 
J.  M.  A.) 

Heloiiiyza    iieinoruni    Meigen,   Syst.    Beschr.,    vi,   52.— Europe.      Loew, 
Zeitsch.  f.  Ent.  Biesl.,  xiii,  22.     Schiner,  Fauna  Austr.,  ii,  28.     Czerny, 
Wien.  Ent.  Ent.  Zeit.,  xxiii,  223.  — Europe  and  North  America. 
Helomysn  asshnilis  Loew,  Centuries,  ii,  87. — Hudson's  Bay  Territory. 

Length  5.9  mm. ;  of  wing  6.4  mm. 

General  color  yellow  ;  small  and  large  cross-veins,  and  the  apices  of  the  longi- 
tudinal veins  distinctly  bordered  with  brown  ;  mesoi)leura  pubescent. 

Head  yellow;  front  saffron-yellow,  lower  ])art  pubescent;  antennas  saffron- 
yellow,  third  joint  rather  large,  oval ;  arista  long,  plumose;  eyes  roundish,  about 
two  and  a  half  times  the  width  of  the  cheeks;  cheeks  straw-yellow. 

Dorsum  of  the  thorax  densely  pubescent,  the  small  liairs  arising  from  small 
brown  dots;  ground  color  saffron-yellow;  mesopleura  with  numerous  small 
black  hairs;  sternojjleura  besides  one  strong  bristle  with  numerous  small  black 
hairs;  pleura  yellow;  scutellum  saffron-yellow,  wholly  pilose. 

Wings  slightly  brownish  ;  the  costal  and  subcostal  cells  strongly  infuscaled  ; 
the  cross-veins  and  tlie  apices  of  the  longitudinal  veins  distinctly  bordered  with 
brown  ;  spines  of  the  costa  rather  long. 


ALDRICH    AND    DARLINGTON.  93 

Abdomen  yellowisb,  but  more  or  less  infuscated  ;  liypopygium  yellow,  rather 
large. 
Legs  straw-yellow;  fore  femora  stout;  last  three  joints  of  all  the  tarsi  black. 

Four  male  and  three  female  specimens.  C.  F.  Baker:  Ormsby 
County,  Nevada,  July  6th.  Aldrieh  :  San  Juan  I.-^land,  Washing- 
ton, May  31st ;  Juliaetta,  Idaho,  July  9th  ;  Moscow,  Idaho  ;  Craig's 
Mt.,  Idaho  ;  Colorado  (E.  S.  Tucker). 

Loew  did  not  identify  nemormn  from  North  America,  but  named 
our  species  assimilis,  stating  that  it  did  not  differ  from  nemorum, 
except  in  having  a  little  shorter  plumosity  of  the  arista  and  general 
paler  color;  Czerny  identified  his  American  material  as  nemorum, 
and  did  not  identify  assimilis,  merely  quoting  the  description  (op. 
cit,  p.  222).  From  these  facts  I  feel  safe  in  making  assimilis  a 
synonym  of  ni^viorum. 

Heloinyzit  zetlersledti  Loew. 

Length  of  body  5.6  mm.;  of  wing  (5.9  mm. 

General  color  yellow  ;  wings  hyaline. 

Front  leather-yellow,  lower  part  pubescent;  eyes  medium  size,  round  ;  cheeks 
straw-yellow,  about  two-fifths  the  width  of  the  eye;  antennae  yellow,  third  joint 
rather  large,  somewhat  infuscated,  oval;  arista  rather  long,  not  plumose,  but 
merely  pubescent;  vibrissse  of  medium  size  ;  at  the  base  of  the  occiput  is  a  bunch 
of  small  black  hairs. 

Thorax  yellow;  dorsum  clay-yellow,  rather  sparsely  pubescent;  the  small 
hairs  not  arising  from  dots;  mesopleura'  clay-yellow,  bare;  besides  one  strong 
bristle  a  few  scattering  small  hairs  on  the  sternopleuise ;  scutellum  yellow,  bare. 

Wings  entirely  hyaline. 

Abdomen  blackish  yellow,  hypopygium  of  the  male  bright  yellow,  rather  large. 

Legs  yellow,  femora  lemon-yellow,  tibipe  and  all  but  the  last  two  joints  of  the 
tarsi  straw-yellow,  last  two  tarsal  joints  black,  inner  side  of  hind  and  middle 
femora  glabrous,  at  the  apex  of  the  femur  is  a  black  spot  on  the  inner  side. 

Fifteen  female  and  eight  male  .specin)ens.  Aldrieh  :  Mt.  Consti- 
tution, Washington,  July  7th;  Friday  Harbor,  Washington,  May 
29th.     U.  S.  N.  M.  :  Popoff  Island,  Alaska,  July  8tli. 

fleloinyza  barberi  n.  sp. 

Length  5.8  mm.  ;  of  wing  ().3-7  mm. 

General  color  brown,  wings  brownish,  a  brown  ring  or  spot  at  each  end  of  the 
hind  tibia  and  at  the  distal  end  of  tiie  front  tibia. 

Head  yellowish;  front  ochre-yellow  except  a  brownish  strip  running  down 
from  the  vertex  on  each  side  including  the  fronto-orbital  bristles,  and  a  wider 
brown  area  in  the  middle  including  the  ocellar  triangle;  all  the  yellow  portion 
of  the  front  pubescent,  a  strip  of  small  black  hairs  extending  from  the  ocellar 
bristles  to  the  vertical  bristles;  antennie  yellowish-brown,  third  joint  oval,  arista 
long  and  slender,  only  micro.scopically  pubescent. 

Dorsum  of  the  thorax  yellowish-brown,  wholly  pubescent,  the  small  hairs 
arising  from  small  brown  dots,  the  bristles  arising  from  larger  brown  spots;  in 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  M.\RCH,  1908. 


94  AMERICAN    DIPTKRA. 

the  darker  specimens  a  central  Virown  stripe  runs  the  full  length  of  the  thorax  ; 
scutelluni  piibesceut,  except  a  bare  strip  in  the  middle;  pleuise  clav-yellow  ; 
mesopleura  with  numerous  strong  hairs;  sternopleura  besides  the  one  strong 
bristle  with  numeVous  small  hairs. 

Wings  brownish  ;  costa,  small  and  large  cioss-veins,  and  aj)ices  of  the  longitu- 
dinal veins  distinctly  bordered  with  brown. 

Abdomen  yellowish  cinereous  or  totally  cinereous;  hyiiopygiuin  of  the  male 
brownish-yellow,  rather  small. 

Legs  yellow,  somewhat  infuscated  ;  all  the  tibise  with  a  brown  band  at  the 
distal  end,  and  the  hind  tibise  with  an  additional  one  near  the  base,  these  rings 
when  feebly  developed  sometimes  appearing  as  spots  on  the  outer  side;  last  two 
joints  of  the  tarsi  black  ;  pulvilli  white  and  rather  conspicuous. 

Three  female.'*,  one  male.  U.  S.  N.  M.  :  Las  Vegas,  N.  M.,  Aug. 
13th  and  14th  (H.  S.  Barber),  labeled  Helomyza  tinda  Walk.  Aid- 
rich  :  Custer,  So.  Dakota.     Cooley:   Missoula,  Montana,  May  28th. 

Tlie  type  is  a  male  from  Las  Vegas,  and  will  be  returned  to  the 
National  Museum. 

Species  not  Identified. 

fEeloniyza  apiealis  Loew. 

''Yellow,  the  transverse  veins  and  the  apices  of  the  longitudinal  ones  dis- 
tinctly bordered  with  browu,  upper  half  of  the  pleura  [mesopleura]  with  some 
scattered  minute  pile,  antennal  arista  with  short  pubescence. 

"Yellow,  opaque,  the  color  of  the  thorax  and  scutelluni  vei'ging  more  into 
latericious.  Front  brighter  yellow.  Antennae  almost  fulvous,  the  third  joint 
ovate,  arista  with  short  pubescence.  Eyes  rather  large,  roundish;  the  cheeks  of 
medium  width;  one  vibrissa  on  each  side,  of  medium  size.  Dorsum  of  the 
thorax  sprinkled  with  very  minute  brown  dots,  the  biistles  of  the  median  part 
surrounded  at  base  with  brownish  dots  a  little  larger.  Scutelluni  bare  except  at 
the  sides.  Pleura  with  a  faint  stripe,  the  upper  half  bearing  some  minute  pile. 
Hind  margin  of  each  abdominal  segment  bordered  with  blackish.  I^egs  lutes- 
cent,  the  apices  of  the  hind  femora  and  bases  of  all  tlie  tarsi  brownish,  apices  of 
the  tibise  brown,  tarsi  black  at  tip.  Witigs  cinereous-hyaline,  transverse  veins 
and  ajiices  of  the  longitudinal  ones  distinctly  bordered  with  brown,  costal  bris- 
tles of  medium  size. —  (District  Columbia;  Osten  Sacken)." 

Translation  of  original  description. 

Helomyza  tiiicta  Walker.     Female. 

"Body  ferrugiiieous,  clothed  with  short,  black  hairs;  head  and  chest  beset 
with  a  few  black  bristles;  head  with  a  hoary  tinge  behind;  sides  of  the  face 
without  bristles;  epistoma  not  prominent;  eyes  j)itchy  ;  facets  small;  sucker 
jiitchy,  clothed  with  tawny  hairs;  paljji  tawny,  beset  with  black  bristles;  feelers 
tawny  at  base;  abdomen  linear,  jjitchy,  a  little  .narrower  and  very  much  longer 
than  the  chest,  tawny  at  the  base,  tapering  toward  the  tip,  which  is  also  tawny  ; 
legs  ]iale  ferrugineous,  clothed  with  short  black  hairs;  tijis  of  the  shanks  beset 
with  black  bristles;  claws  black,  ferrugineous  at  the  base;  foot-cushions  pale 
lawny;  wings  giay,  tawny  for  some  breadth  beneath  the  fore  border  and  among 
the  veins  in  the  disk;  wing-ribs  and  veins  tawny;  longitudinal  veins  straight; 


ALDRICH    AND    DARLINGTON.  95 

Tiiiddle  cross-veiu  stiaiglit,  uiiriglit;  lower  cross-vein  straiglit,  very  sliglitlr 
ohlique,  parted  by  more  than  twice  its  length  from  the  middle  cross-vein,  by 
tiirice  its  length  from  the  end  of  the  foiirtli  longitudinal  vein,  and  by  near  half 
its  length  from  the  end  of  the  fifth  lotigitudinal  vein;  poiseis  tawny;  scales 
yellow,  very  small. 

"Length  of  the  body  IJ.t  lines  ;  of  the  wings  GJ  lines. 

"Nova  Scotiti.      From  Lieut.  Redman's  collection." 

♦ 
lleloinyza  fsiNciafa  Walker. 

"  Body  clothed  with  black  hairs  and  bristles ;  head  gray,  adorned  with  white 
reflections  on  each  side  of  the  crown  and  on  the  foi-e  part,  which  is  tawny  ;  sides 
of  the  face  without  bristles;  epistoniu  not  i)roniinent;  eyes  red,  convex  ;  all  the 
facets  very  small ;  sucker  black,  clothed  with  tawny  liairs;  feelers  black,  nearly 
as  long  as  the  face;  third  joint  slightly  conical,  rather  deep,  rounded  at  the  tip. 
very  much  longer  than  the  second  joint;  first  and  second  joints  dark  feriugi- 
neous;  bristle  bare,  rather  stout  at  the  base,  more  than  twice  the  length  of  the 
third  joint;  chest  and  breast  gray  ;  chest  with  a  tawny  tinge;  shoulders  ferrugi- 
neous,  breast  more  hoary;  abdomen  tawny,  shining,  spindle-shaped,  a  little 
longer  than  the  chest,  slender  at  the  tip;  sutures  of  the  segments  black;  legs 
tawny,  clothed  with  black  liairs  and  bristles;  feet  black,  tawny  at  the  base; 
foot-cushions  very  small ;  wings  pale  gray,  with  a  very  slight  tawny  tinge;  wing- 
ribs  pale  tawny;  veins  pitchy,  pale  tawny  toward  the  base;  lower  cross-vein 
parted  by  much  less  than  twice  its  length  from  the  middle  cross-vein,  having  two 
very  indistinct  curves,  the  lower  outward,  the  upper  inward  ;  scales  very  small, 
whitish,  with  pale  yellow  borders;  poisers  tawny. 

"Length  of  body  2  lines,  wings  4  lines. 

"  Nova  Scotia.     Lieut.  Redman's  collection." 

The  two  descriptions  immediately  pi'eceding,  l)y  Walker,  need  not 
give  the  student  much  trouble.  They  are  inserted  merely  for  coin- 
j)letene.ss,  and  to  satisfy  any  curiosity  which  might  arise,  but  not 
with  the  expectation  that  they  will  be  identified.  In  fact,  one  would 
almost  certainly  go  wrong  in  identifying  a  species  under  either 
name,  no  matter  how  well  the  description  fit.  Czerny  (ojo.  cit.,  j)p. 
202-205)  has  reported  the  results  of  his  examination  of  Walker's 
types  of  Helomyzidie ;  out  of  36  cases  examined,  there  was  7iot  one 
that  even  belongs  in  this  family,  the  types  being  mostly  Sapron)y- 
zidtie,  with  an  admixture  of  Trypetidie,  Anthomyidse,  etc.  How- 
ever, he  does  not  say  anything  about  tincta,  and  reports  fascluta 
lacking  in  the  Museum.  Hence  we  have  not  even  the  satisfaction 
of  positively  excluding  them  from  the  family. 

Two  specimens  of  harheri  were  received  from  the  U.  S.  National 
Museum  under  the  name  tlncia  Walker,  but  it  is  probable  that  the 
name  was  applied  before  Czerny  publi.-hed  his  results;  at  any  rate 
we  do  not  accept  it. 

TR.\NS.   AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  M.ARCH.  1SW8. 


96  AMERICAN    DIPTKRA. 

Helomyza  iiiieiis  Giglio-Tos. 

"  Yellowisli-testaceous;  the  face  pale  yellow,  third  antennal  joint  almost  cir- 
cular, black  at  base  and  on  the  upper  margin  ;  arista  long,  plumose;  thorax  ocb- 
raceous,  dotted  with  brown  ;  pleura  pale  yellow;  scutelluni  ochiaceous,  with  two 
brown  vittse  and  four  bristles;  abdominal  segments  bordered  with  brown  behind  ; 
legs  in  the  male  stout  and  hairy ;  bases  and  apices  of  the  tibiae  annulate  with 
black  ;  tarsi  black  at  apex  ;  wings  yellowish,  costa  with  spinules,  the  front  mar- 
gin, transverse  veins  and  apex  of  the  fourth  longitudinal  vein  brown.  Length 
9  mm." 

Translation  .of  original  description.  The  type  locality  was  sim- 
ply Mexico.  In  his  later  description  Giglio-Tos  adds  that  there  is 
a  black  spot  each  side  of  the  ocellar  spot ;  plumosity  of  the  arista 
medium;  pleura  with  a  brownish  stripe;  all  the  femora  with  an 
apical  brown  spot  above;  hind  tibi^  with  a  black  ring  near  the 
l)ase  ;  apices  of  all  the  tibiae  and  last  four  joints  of  all  the  tarsi  black. 

Van  der  Wulp,  in  his  Biologia  reference,  calls  attention  to  a  few 
points.  The  most  striking  character  is  the  infuscation  upon  the 
hind  cross  vein,  v/hich  extends  both  ways  along  the  fourth  vein,  so 
as  to  make  a  T-shaped  mark.  The  original  description  does  not 
correctly  describe  the  apex  of  the  wing;  it  is  infuscated  to  the  tip  of 
the  fourth  vein.  Van  der  -Wulp  had  numerous  specimens  from 
Guerrero,  a  State  of  Southern  Mexico. 

Helomyza  piin<;tulata  Van  der  Wulp. 

"Testaceous;  head  and  legs  rufous;  front  aud  face  with  black  dots;  wings 
blackish  at  the  costa  and  tip. 

"  Length  5  mm. 

''Front  broader  than  tiie  eyes,  orange-rnfous ;  face,  cheeks  and  occiput  jiale 
rufous;  ocellar  knob  black;  two  black  dots  near  the  vertex  next. the  eyes  and 
two  smaller  ones  between  the  eyes  and  the  root  of  the  antennae;  three  similar 
points  ou  the  face — one  in  the  middle  aud  two  on  the  sides  of  the  oral  margin, 
these  latter  bearing  the  vibrissse;  face  with  a  narrow  silver-white  lateral  mar- 
gin; on  the  occiput  is  a  central  black  spot,  on  each  side  with  a  white  border. 
Antennae  rufous  ;  third  joint  ovate  ;  arista  black,  distinctly  plumose.  Proboscis 
])ale  rufous;  palpi  black,  at  least  at  the  tip.  Thorax  and  scntellum  reddish  tes- 
taceous; thoracic  dorsum  with  more  or  less  distinct  brown  stripes;  a  blackish 
baud  from  the  shoulders  to  below  the  base  of  the  wings;  pleurse  and  metanotum 
pale  rufous;  thorax  laterally  with  several  bristles;  scntellum  with  four  bristles. 
Abdomen  rufous,  the  segments  with  blackish  hind  borders  and  marginal  bristles. 
Legs  pale  rufous,  the  tarsi  towards  the  end  and  the  tip  of  the  hind  femora 
blackish;  femora  and  tibiic  with  weak  bristles.  Halteres  rufous.  Wings  with 
short  spines  along  the  costa;  from  the  end  of  the  first  vein  the  cosla  has  a  black- 
ish border,  whi(;h  becomes  broader  outwards  and  extends  round  the  tii>  of  the 
wing;  the  cross-veins  are  coveied  by  blackish  spots;  venation  as  in  the  preced- 
ing species  [iniens]. 

"Habitat.  Mexico,  Omiltemo  in  Guerrero,  8000  ft.  (H.  H. 
Smith)." 


ALDRK'H    AND    DARLINGTON.  07 

Heloiiiyza  diiiiti^ina  Van  dev  Wulp. 

"Eufo-testaceoiis;   anteimse  and  legs  rufous;    two  rounded  spots  in  the  first 
posterior  cell,  in  addition  to  the  other  blackish  markings  on  the  wings. 

■'  Length  5-7  mm. 

•' Male.— H.ea,d  pale  rufous;  front  much  broader  than  the  eyes;  ocellar  point 
shining  brown,  emitting  two  bristles,  which  are  curved  forward  ;  exterior  to 
these  are  two  other  bristles,  and  on  each  side  of  the  vertex  a  pair  of  post-vertical 
bristles;  face  and  cheeks  broad  ;  two  weak  vibrissa;  at  the  oral  margin.  Antenna- 
rufous,  short;  third  joint  rounded;  arista  black,  nearly  bare.  Proboscis  and 
palpi  rufous.  Thorax  and  .scutelluni  testaceous;  thoracic  dorsum  with  numerous 
hair-points;  pleurse  with  a  brown  stripe  from  the  shoulders  to  beneath  the  base 
of  the  wings;  the  sides  of  the  thorax  with  some  bristles;  scutellum  with  four 
bristles— one  on  each  side  and  two  at  the  hind  margin;  metanotum  rufous. 
Abdomen  grayish-brown,  the  anal  segment  globular  and  more  rufous;  the  seg- 
ments with  some  marginal  and  lateral  bristles.  Legs  rufous,  tips  of  the  tibiae, 
and  the  last  three  joints  of  the  tarsi  blackish;  hind  tibiae  with  an  indistinct 
brown  ring  near  the  base;  femora  rather  robust,  hairy  beneath,  the  first  and 
third  pairs  each  with  a  row  of  bristles  on  the  upper  side;  tibiae  with  a  preapical 
bristle.  Halteres  pale  rufous.  Wings  grayish,  with  a  row  of  short  costal  bris- 
tles, and  with  a  blackish  costal  border,  covering  the  mediastinal  cell  and  from 
there  extending  to  the  tip  of  the  wing,  where  it  becomes  narrower,  to  the  end  of 
the  fourth  vein  ;  the  cross-veins  bordered  with  black;  a  spot  on  the  fourth  vein 
l)ey()nd  the  posterior  cross-vein,  a  rounded  dot  between  the  second  and  third 
veins,  just  above  the  small  cross-vein,  and  two  similar  spots  between  the  third 
and  fourth  veins.  Small  cross-vein  a  little  beyond  the  end  of  the  first  vein  and 
beyond  the  middle  of  the  discal  cell ;  posterior  cross-vein  straight  and  slightly 
oblique. 

"Female. — Differs  from  the  male  in  having  the  abdomen  pointed  towards  the 
apex,  the  arista  shortly  plumose,  and  the  legs  more  slender  and  less  hairy;  the 
femora  have  a  brown  spot  on  the  upper  side  near  the  tip,  and  the  tibiae  dark 
rings  near  the  base;  the  markings  of  the  wings  are  similar,  only  the  blackish 
dot  between  the  second  and  third  veins  is  wanting. 

"Hub.  Mexico,  Aiinila,  GOOO  ft.  ;  Xucunumatlan,  7000  ft. ;  and 
Sierra  de  las  Agua.s  Escondidas,  9500  ft.,  all  in  Guerrero  ( H.  H. 
Smith)." 

llcloniyza  polystignia  Van  der  Wulp. 

"Testaceous;  a  blackish  stripe  on  the  pleurte;  wings  with  a  blackish  border  to 
the  costa  and  to  the  cross-veins,  and  numerous  spots  in  all  the  cells.  Length 
4.5  mm. 

"Allied  to  the  preceding  species  [di.'itigma].  but  smaller  and  differing  from  il  in 
the  markings  of  the  wings.  Face,  cheeks,  and  anterior  portion  of  the  front  yel- 
lowish, with  a  white  reflection;  front  posteriorly  rufous,  with  some  brown 
points ;  frontal  bristles  as  in  H.  di.'iiifima ;  a  black  spot  on  each  side  between  the 
orbits  and  the  root  of  the  antenna;.  Antennae  rufous;  third  joint  rounded, 
blackish  on  the  upper  side;  arista  with  very  short  haiis.  Piolioscis  rufous  (the 
pali)i  inconspicuous  in  the  specimens  examined).  Thorax  and  scutellum  brown- 
ish testaceous,  the  shoulders  yellowish,  beneath  them  on  the  partly  cinereous 
pleurffi  a  blackish  stripe;  scutellum  with  four  bristles.  Abdomen  brown,  the 
segments  with  narrow  black  borders.     Femora  blackish  ;  tibia-  rufous,  with  black 

TRANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (13)  .MARCH.   190S 


98       •  AMKRICAN    DIPTERA. 

tips;  first  joint  of  the  tarsi  rufous,  the  following  joints  blackish;  tibiae  witli  <i 
preapical  bristle.  Halteres  j-eilow.  Wings  grayish  ;  a  black  border  along  the 
costa,  around  the  tip  and  on  the  cross-veins,  and  blackish  spots  of  difl'erent  sizes 
in  all  the  cells;  the  costa  with  a  row  of  short  bristles;  small  cross-vein  nearly 
under  the  end  of  the  first  vein,  and  on  the  middle  of  the  discal  cell. 

"Hab.     Mexico,  Sierra  de  las  Aguas  Escondidas  in   Guerrero, 
9500  ft.     (H.  H.  Smith). 
"  Two  female  specimens." 

AL.L,OI»HYL.A  Loew. 

One  frontoorbital  bristle;  five  dorso-central,  arranged  as  in  Helo- 
myza ;  one  humeral  ;  one  propleural  ;  one  presutural ;  two  notopleu- 
ral ;  no  prescutellar ;  two  pairs  scutellar;  three  supra  alar;  one 
sternopleural ;  no  mesopleural. 

Head  as  in  Ile/omijza,  third  antennal  joint  a  little  elongated, 
arista  pubescent. 

The  main  distinction  between  this  genus  and  Helomyza  is  in  the 
al)sence  of  the  humeral  bristle  in  the  latter. 

Only  one  North  American  species  has  been  brought  to  light. 

Allopliyla  la»vi>*  Loew. 

Length  4.7  mm. ;  of  wing  5  mm. 

Yellow,  autennte  of  the  same  color  or  a  little  daiker,  third  joint  infuscated  in 
the  female;  aiista  pilose. 

Head  yellow;  front  safl'ron-yellow,  with  very  delicate  pubescence,  eyes  rather 
large  (about  twice  the  width  of  the  cheeks),  round;  cheeks  straw-yellow; 
vibrisssB  very  delicate. 

Thorax  varying  fiom  saffron  to  straw-yellow,  densely  pubescent;  scutellum 
bare  except  the  ordinary  four  bristles;  mesopleura  bare;  sternopleura  rather 
sparsely  pubescent,  with  one  strong  bristle. 

Abdomen  yellow,  more  or  less  infuscated,  hyi)opyginm  of  tlie  male  small. 

Wings  almost  hyaline,  unspotted,  except  a  little  infuscation  around  the  hind 
cross-vein. 

Legs  straw-yellow,  last  tarsal  joint  black. 

Two  males  and  six  females.  Johnson  :  Montpelier,  Vermont, 
June  25tli  ;  St.  Johnsbury,  Vermont,  June  27th  ;  Mt.  Greylock, 
Massachusetts,  June  15th  ;  Castle  Rock,  Pennsylvania,  June  16th. 
U.  S.  N.  M.:  White  Mountains,  New  flampsliire,  Morrison.  Ald- 
ricli  :  Guemes  Island,  Washington,  July  13th  ;  Mt.  Constitution, 
Orcas  Island,  Washington,  July  7th. 

KII.I<;0  Aldrich,  n.  gen.  C:^^    ^   -"■"-Xf^^^ 

(Latin,  sll'ujo  a  very  pale  kind  of  wheat;  feminine,  accent  on  sec. 
ond  sylable.) 

One  humeral  bristle;  one  propleural  ;  two  noto[)leural  ;  five  dorso- 


ALDRICH    AND    DARLINGTON.  99 

central ;  one  presutural ;  three  s-upra-alar ;  two  scutellar  (pairs)  ;  one 
mesosternal ;  two  fronto  orbital ;  two  sternopleural  ;  no  prescutellar. 

Head  rounded,  eyes  round;  antennae  short,  third  joint  slightly 
elongated,  with  short,  hare  aiista ;  face  moderately  receding,  epis- 
toma  ascending  between  the  small  vibrissa',  with  a  distinct  edge. 
Thorax  with  sparse  and  coarse  hairs,  besides  the  bristles.  Wings 
with  first  vein  short,  and  the  auxiliary  pale  and  thin,  difficult  to 
perceive,  yet  ending  separate  from  the  first  vein. 

Type. —  Oregona. 

On  account  of  the  comparative  shortness  and  indistinctness  of 
the  auxiliary  vein,  it  may  be  thought  that  Siligo  is  not  a  true  Helo- 
mvzid  genus;  after  comparing  it  with  numerous  genera  in  Sapro- 
myzidte,  Geomyzidse,  etc.,  we  are  satisfied  that  its  nearest  relation- 
ships are  here.     It  is  very  unlike  Curtonotum. 

While  the  course  of  the  suture  over  the  middle  of  the  dorsum  is 
not  verv  apparent,  either  in  this  or  Helomyza,  the  indications  are 
that  in  Helomyza  there  is  only  one  bristle  before  the  suture,  while 
here  there  are  two,  and  only  three  behind. 

TABLE   OF   SPECIES. 

Bristles  all  yellow oregona  u.  sp. 

Bi-istlesall  black lilorea  n.  sp. 

Kiligo  oregoiiai  Aid  rich,  n.  sp..  PI.  IV,  figs.  1.  7. 

Length  2.8  mm. ;  of  wing,  the  same. 

Yellow.  All  the  hairs  and  bristles  yellow,  except  the  spines  of  the  oosta, 
which  are  black. 

Head  entirely  yellow;  eyes  of  medium  size,  round  ;  antennaj  yellow;  arista  of 
medium  size,  only  microscopically  pubescent;  ocellar  bristles  very  long;  cheeks 
somewhat  inflated,  about  the  width  of  the  eye. 

Thorax  entirely  straw  yellow,  dorsum  si)ar.sely  pubescent ;  scutelium  entirely 
yellow,  bare  except  the  ordinary  four  bristles  ;  mesopleura  bare  except  one  large 
and  two  small  yellow  bristles  at  the  upper  posterior  corner;  propleura  bare 
except  the  one  propleural  bristle;  sternopleura  besides  the  two  long  bristles  on 
the  upper  edge  with  rather  sparse  pubescence. 

Altdomen  grayish-yellow,  hypopygium  of  the  male  small  and  inconspicuous, 
but  armed  with  a  slender  black  filament  turning  back. 

Wings  hyaline,  veins  yellow;  spines  of  the  costa  black,  rather  long  and  promi- 
nent. 

Legs  entirely  straw-yellow;  a  row  of  rather  strong  bristles  on  the  under  side 
of  the  fore  femur;  tarsal  claws  black  except  at  base. 

Three  males,  two  females.     Aldrich  :  Hood  River,  Oregon,  July. 
The  head  in  oregona  is  more  produced  downward  than  in  litorea, 
l)ut  the  difference  is  almost  wholly  in  the  cheeks  ;  in  oregona  the  epis- 
toma  extends  upward  between  the  vibrissse  ftirther  than  in  litorea. 

TRANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  MARCH,  1908. 


100  AMERICAN    DIPTKRA. 

Siligo  litorea  Aldricb,  u.  sp. 

Length  1.9  mm. ;  of  wing,  about  the  same. 

Ground  color  of  body  black,  bristles  all  black. 

Head  yellow,  the  occiput,  vertex  and  middle  of  face  black;  epistonia  bordered 
with  a  narrow  black  line,  which  expands  upward  between  the  vibrisFal  ridges; 
vibrissse  of  moderate  size;  antennae  yellow,  the  third  joint  considerably  infus- 
cated  and  slightly  elongate;  arista  short,  black,  a  little  thickened  at  base;  front 
yellow,  the  sides  narrowly  cinereous  and  the  vertex  black  in  color,  which  does 
not  extend  forward  in  a  sharp  angle  as  usual ;  two  large  fronto-orbital  bristles. — 
but  the  posterior  one  missing  on  one  side  in  the  described  specimen,  seemingly 
an  abnormality.  Eyes  roundish,  slightly  angulated  above,  the  cheeks  over  one- 
third  as  high  as  the  eyes.     Palpi  rather  brovvnish-yellow. 

Thorax  cinereous,  with  black  ground  color,  the  pleurse,  scutellum  and  nietano- 
tum  concolorous ;  bristles  large  and  hairs  very  few  ;  between  the  rows  of  dorso-cen- 
trals  are  about  ten  hairs  arranged  in  two  rows,  very  distinct ;  scutellum  with  two 
pairs  of  bristles,  otherwise  bare ;  mesopleura  with  one  bristle  and  several  hairs  at 
the  posterior  edge,  .just  below  the  base  of  the  wing;  pteropleuia  bare;  sterno- 
pleura  with  two  bristles  and  a  few  hairs;  halteres  light  yellow. 

Abdomen  cinereous,  concolorous  with  thorax;  hypopygium  small,  with  some 
indistinct  grasping  organs  turned  forward  underneath. 

Coxse  and  femora  blackish,  tibije  and  tarsi  yellow,  the  latter  but  little  iiifus- 
cated  towards  the  tip;  pulvilli  moderately  large. 

Wings  almost  hyaline,  the  veins  yellowish,  cross-veins  not  infuscated  ;  third 
vein  ending  precisely  in  the  apex  ;  bristles  of  the  costa  small  and  few. 

One  male.  Aldrich  :  Pacific  Grove,  California,  May  8,  1906, 
collected  at  the  seashore  a  little  above  high  tide  line,  where  a  small 
seepage  of  fresh  water  made  a  streak  of  verdure. 


Explanation  of  Plate  IV. 
The  parts  are  variously  magnified  :  No.  1  is  one  of  the  smallest 
of  the  family ;  No.  3  above  the  average.     The  veins  of  the  wings 
are  not  generally  very  black  in  life,  making  the  actual  appearance 
quite  different  from  the  drawing;  this  is  especially  true  of  No.  7. 

Fig.  1. — Siiigo  oregona,  new  genus  and  species. 

''  2. —  Pomenus  johiisoni,  new  genus  and  species. 

"  3. — Eccoptomera  americami,  new  species. 

"  4. — Anorosfuma  macnhita,  new  species. 

"  5. — Anorostoma  mnculata,  new  species. 

"  6. — Helomyza  limbata,  Thomson. 

"  7. — Siligo  oregona,  new  genus  and  species. 

"  8. — Cyrionotnm  helviim,  Jjoew. 

"  9. — Oyrtonotum  helmtm,  Loew. 

Figs.  8  and  9  are  added  for  comparison,  but  the  species  does  not 
belong  to  this  family.  The  second  basal  cell  is  confluent  with  the 
discal,  as  figured,  in  many  cases,  but  is  sometimes  distinct ;  the  sec- 
ond and  third  basals  are  very  small.  The  auterioi'  rr()nt()-orl)ilal 
curves  strongly  forward. 


Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  Vol.  XXXIV. 


PI.  IV 


J.(V\.f\\lincK,aiY^atr:■a€;V 


ALDRICH   AND  DARLINGTON   ON    DIPTERA, 


^ 


3i 


VOLUME   XXXIV,   NUMBER  2. 


Sil 


TRANSASTIONS 


OF    THE 


.^  3is/£  E I^  I C -^  IsT 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  SOCIETY 


I 


iniBI-lSHEn  BY  THK  AMERICAN  ENTOMOLOGICAI-  SOCIETY    AT  THE 
ACADEMY  OF   NATURAL  SCIENCES, 

PHILADELPHIA. 


.CW  SUBSCRIPTION  PRICK  FOUR  DOLLARS  PER  VOLUME.  JfW 


J.    CHESTER    BRADLEY.  101 


THK    EVANIII)^,    EXSIGIV-FMES,    AX    ARCIIIAC 
FA,niL,Y    OF    IIY.UKKOPTFKA. 

(Plates  V-XY.) 
BY    J.    CHESTER    BRADLEY. 

When  in  the  fall'  of  1901  I  published  in  the  Transactions  of 
the  American  EntomoJogical  Society  a  paper  on  the  Aulacin^e  of 
North  America,*  I  intended  it  as  the  first  one  of  a  series  of  three 
papers,  which  I  expected  shortly  to  complete,  one  on  each  subfamily 
of  the  Evaniidie.  Through  many  intervening  circumstances  this 
'sign  has  been  frustrated,  but  out  of  it  has  grown  the  present 
■aper. 

This  contribution  deals  primarily  with  the  Evaniinse,  and  con- 
tains as  complete  a  monograph  of  the  North  American  species  of 
that  subfamily  as  I  have  been  able  to  prepare.  But  I  have  found  a 
study  of  exotic  genera  and  species  necessary  to  a  satisfactory  con- 
cept of  the  classification  and  relations  of  the  group.  Indeed,  the 
variations  of  form  shown  by  the  members  of  this  group  and  tlieir 
comparison  with  each  other  and  with  other  groups,  native  and 
exotic,  has  been  to  me  the  most  interesting  part  of  the  work,  and  I 
trust  that  I  may  be  pardoned  if  I  have  laid  more  stress  on  it  than 
is  customary  in  purely  systematic  works,  where  often  little  attention 
is  paid  to  characters  not  found  desirable  for  use  in  keys. 

As  a  second  part  of  this  paper  I  have  embodied  the  result  of  my 
study  of  exotic  forms.  Here  are  included  descriptions  and  remarks 
on  the  genera  and  species  of  the  world,  a  table  to  the  genera,  and 
finally  a  table  to  all  the  described  species  whose  generic  position  I 
could  with  reasonable  certainty  identify.  The  latter  have  been 
compiled  almost  entirely  from  literature,  which  is  I  believe  the  only 
practicable  method,  because  no  one  person  can  expect  to  accumu- 
late even  a  large  proportion  of  the  species  of  the  world.  These 
certainly  must  prove  unsatisfactory,  and  must  contain  many  errors, 
for  the  descriptions  are  often  very  incomplete,  and  it  is  difficult  to 
compare  those  drawn   uj)  by  different  authors.       But  I   hope  that 


*  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  xxvii,  p.  319. 

TRANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (13*)  APRIL.  1908. 


102  FAMILY    EVANIID.E. 

they  will  be  of  some  real  service  to  students  desirous  of  identifying 
exotic  species,  and  who  at  present  must  perforce  wade  through  a 
great  mass  of  more  or  less  unsatisfactory  descriptions,  in  several 
languages  and  innumerable  publications.  In  preparing  them  I 
have  used  my  best  judgment  in  selecting  characters  that  would  be 
reliable  and  easy  to  use,  but  have  of  course  been  greatly  hampered 
in  this  respect  by  the  limitations  of  the  descriptions.  In  such  cases 
as  I  have  been  able  to  examine  the  species  in  question,  matters  have 
of  course  been  much  expedited. 

I  shall  begin  the  paper  with  a  short  consideration  of  the  family 
as  a  whole ;  then  of  the  Aulacinse,  tabulating  the  genera  of  the 
world  and  in  part  supplementing,  in  part  revising,  ray  former  paper 
on  the  North  American  species.  Then  I  shall  take  up  the  Fo^ninse, 
treating  it  bi-iefly.  I  regret  tliat  at  present  I  see  no  prospect  of 
being  able  to  prepare  a  more  complete  monogra})h  of  our  North 
American  species  of  this  subfamily.  In  perhaps  no  group  that  I 
have  studied  have  the  characters  been  so  variable  and  difficult  of 
tabulation,  so  that  it  would  require  a  very  considerable  amount  of 
time  and  study.  Then  will  follow  the  parts  on  the  Evaniinse  as 
above  described,  and  I  shall  conclude  with  a  catalogue  of  the  species 
of  Evaniinse  of  the  entire  world,  distributed  according  to  their 
proper  genera. 

I  wish  to  express  my  obligations  to  Professor  Comstock  of  Cornell 
University,  who  has  placed  at  my  disposal  in  the  entomological 
laboratory  of  that  institution,  where  most  of  this  work  has  been 
carried  on,  every  facility  for  study  that  could  be  desired,  and  has 
kindly  read  the  manuscript :  to  Dr.  A.  D.  MacGillivray,  also  of 
Cornell  University,  for  constant  assistance,  suggestions  and  courte- 
sies of  many  kinds,  and  also  for  reading  the  n)anuscript:  to  the 
authorities  of  the  United  States  National  Museum  for  the  loan  of 
the  very  valuable  collection  of  Evauiidte  belonging  to  that  Museum: 
to  the  American  Entomological  Society  for  the  loan  of  many  speci- 
mens; to  Mr.  C.  T.  Brues  and  Dr.  P.  P.  Calvert  for  the  presenta- 
tion of  several  specimens:  to  Mr.  Henry  L.  Viereck  for  the  pres- 
entation of  numerous  valuable  specimens,  particulai'ly  of  North 
American  Hyptia,  and  some  undescribed  species  from  British 
Guiana:  to  Mr.  G.  V.  Hudson  of  Wellington,  New  Zealand  for 
the  presentation  of  two  species  of  Fo^ninaj  including  the  type  of  tlie 
genus  Pseudofcenus :  to  Professor  Herbert  Osborn,  Professor  E.  D. 


J.    CHESTKK    BRADLEY.  103 

Sanderson,  Mr.  Wnj.  Beutenmiiller,  Professor  Carl  F.  Baker,  Dr. 
A.  D.  Hopkins,  Mr.  Ericli  Daecke  and  others  for  the  loan  of 
numerous  specimens:  to  Mr.  C.  S.  Spooner  and  AFr.  H.  J.  Ham- 
mond for  assistance  with  the  manuscript. 

The  figures  of  wings  on  Plates  XI-XV  inclusive  were  made  as 
follows:  the  wings  were  removed  from  the  right  hand  side  of  the 
insect,  mounted  on  slides  and  then  photographed.  Blue-prints  were 
made  on  drawing  paper  coated  with  blue-print  solution.  The  out- 
lines of  the  veins  were  then  drawn  on  the  print  with  water- proof 
India  ink,  and  after  thorough  drying  the  print  was  bleached  in  a 
strong  solution  of  potassium  oxalate,  leaving  the  ink  drawing  on  a 
white  background.  Thus  almost  mechanical  accuracy  was  obtained 
in  the  representation  of  the  thickness  and  position  of  the  veins. 
Figs.  67,  82  and  87  were  co})ied  by  a  similar  method  from  published 
figures,  inasmuch  as  no  specimens  of  these  genera  were  available. 
Figures  18,  19,  62,  63  and  64  were  drawn  free  hand.  The  remain- 
ing drawings  were  made  with  a  camera  lucida.  The  drawings  on 
Plates  Vn  and  VHI  were  all  made  to  the  same  scale,  as  were  those 
on  Plate  IX.  The  claws  on  Plate  IX  were  mounted  on  slides, 
hence  present  a  somewhat  different  appearance  from  what  would  be 
seen  in  situ.      Plate  V  is  from  direct  photomicrographs. 

I  have  been  able  to  study  specimens  of  all  the  described  genera 
except  the  following:  Evanisciis  Szepligeti,  Evaniellus  Enderlein, 
Anlacinus  Westwood,  iSeinenoivia  Kieffer  and  Aulacus  Jurine ;  also 
of  all  the  North  American  species  of  Aulacinse  and  Evaniin?e 
except  Hyptia  brevicalcar  Kieffer,  Aulacus  erythrogaster  Is.\effer, 
Pristaulacxis  flavipes  Kieffer. 

The  Evaniidae  are  an  anomalous  family  of  parasitic  Hymenop- 
tera,  probably  of  very  ancient  stock,  and  as  is  often  true  in  such 
cases,  although  well  represented  in  number  of  species,  the  individ- 
uals are  almost  invariably  to  be  counted  as  rare  insects,  and  are  not 
usually  well  represented  in  collections.  Because  of  their  anomaly 
they  have  formed,  as  I  have  before  remarked,  a  dumping  ground 
for  very  many  peculiar  forms  whose  relationships  have  puzzled 
investigators.  In  this  way  the  following  genera  and  perhaps  others 
have  at  one  time  or  another  been  included  in  the  family,  in  addition 
to  those  we  at  present  include :  Felecinus,  Stephanus,  Mcgischus, 
Paxilloma,  TrUjonalys,  Monomachus,  Ophionellus,  Meyalyra,  Capi- 
tonius,    Ccenoccelius,    Leptofcenus,    etc.      To-day    most   authors   are 

TEAKS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  APRIL,  1908. 


104  FAMILY    EVANIID^. 

agreed  in  restricting  the  family  to  the  scope  recognized  in  this 
paper,  except  that  some  include  with  it  the  Stephanidge.  While  I 
think  the  latter  are  sufficiently  distinct  to  form  a  fan)ily  by  them- 
selves, I  believe  they  really  are  closely  related  to  the  Evaniidse,  par- 
ticularly through  the  Foeninse.  There  is  a  similarity  in  wing  vena- 
tion, and  the  insertion  of  the  abdomen  in  Stephanus  is  on  the  lower 
part  of  the  propodeum,  but  above  the  coxae.  Even  the  habitus  is 
somewhat  similar.  It  is  not  improbable  that  the  Foeninse  may 
really  be  more  closely  related  to  Stephanidse  than  to  Evaniinee  or 
Aulacinse,  and  should  really  form  a  subfamily  of  the  former  rather 
than  of  the  Evaniidse.  Although  really  I  think  all  of  the  sub- 
families here  recognized  are  entitled  to  family  rank. 

There  are  two  characters  that  are  usually  employed  in  distin- 
guishing the  Evaniida3.  These  are  the  presence  of  the  cell  C  in  the 
front  wings  (Fig.  69 j,  and  the  insertion  of  the  abdomen  on  the 
propodeum  far  al)ove  the  posterior  coxse.  Neither  are  absolute,  and 
may  be  used  only  in  conjuction  with  other  characters.  The  Ste- 
phanidfe,  as  before  mentioned,  have  a  distinct  costal  cell,  while 
several  genera  of  Braconidic  have  the  abdomen  inserted  on  the 
propodeum  far  above  the  coxae ;  some  of  the  Stephanidge  less  dis- 
tinctly so.  The  Roproniidae  have  a  distinct  costal  cell,  but  the 
abdomen  inserted  normally. 

In  designating  the  wing  veins  I  have  employed  the  system  pro- 
posed by  Comstock  and  Needham.*  I  do  this  because  I  believe 
that  the  venation  thereby  takes  on  an  intelligible  significance.  The 
veins  are,  I  am  convinced  in  the  main,  correctly  homologized  with 
those  of  other  orders.  I  intend  to  employ  this  system  as  far  as 
possible  in  my  future  studies  of  the  Hyraenoptera.  I  refer  the 
reader  who  is  not  familiar  with  it  to  the  paper  of  Comstock  and 
Needham  just  cited,  and  for  its  application  to  the  Hymenoptei'a, 
particularly  to  a  paper  by  Dr.  A.  D.  MacGillivray  f  on  the  wing 
venation  of  the  Tenthredinoidea,  where  the  subject  is  treated  very 
clearly  in  Sections  II  and  III,  pp.  574  to  583.  An  appreciative 
and  careful  study  of  these  sections  and  their  accompanying  figures 
will  I  am  sure  make  the  matter  clear  to  any  one. 


*"  Wings  of  Insects,"  J.  H.  Comstock  and  J.  (i.  Needham,  Amer.  Nat.,  vol. 
xxxii  and  xxxiii,  1898  and  1899. 

t  "A  Study  of  the  Wings  of  the  Tentliredinoidea,  a  Superfamilv  of  Hymen- 
tera,"  by  A.  D.  MacGillivray,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  vol.  xxix,  pp.  569  65d,  190G. 


J.    CHESTKR    BRADLEY. 


105 


For  convenience  I  give  below  the  terms  used  by  Cresson  in  his 
Synopsis  of  the  North  American  Hymenoptera  and  their  corres- 
ponding designation  in  this  paper  CFigs.  67  and  69). 

VEINS. 
Costa  =  C. 

Subcosta  =  Sc  +  R  +  M. 
Marginal  or  radial  vein  =  r,  Rs,  R3  14  a.nd  R3. 
1st  transverse  cubitus  =  r-m  and  Rg. 
2d  transverse  cubitus  =  R5. 
3d  transverse  cubitus  =  R4. 
Basal  vein  =  M  and  m-cu. 
Cubitus  =  M,  Mi+2,  R5  +  Ml  and  R4-^5  +  Mi. 
1st  recurrent  vein  =  M3+4. 
2d  recurrent  vein  =  Mg. 
Discoidal  vein  =  M3  and  M4. 
Subdiscoidal  vein  =  m  and  M2. 
Externo-medial  vein  ^  Cu  and  Cu2. 
Transverso-medlal  vein  =  M4  +  t'^i. 

Anal  vein  =  1st  +  2d  +  3dA,  Cua  +  1st  +  2d  +  3dA,  M.i  + 
Cui+2  4-  1st  +  2d  +  3d  A,  and  M3 ,4  +Cu  1 ,2  +  l^t  +  2d  +  3dA. 

CELLS. 

Costal  =  C. 

Stigma  :=  Sc2. 

Marginal  or  radial  =  2dRi  -f"  R2. 

1st  subniarginal  or  cubital  =  R  +  IstRi. 

2d  "  "       "        =  Rs. 

3d  "  "       "        =  R4. 

4th  "  "       "        =  R3. 

Median  or  externo-medial  =  M. 

1st  discoidal  =  M.i. 

2d         "         =  M:i. 

3d         "         =  1st  M2. 

1st  apical  =  2dM2. 

2d       "      =  Ml. 

Submedian  or  externo-medial  =  Cu  +  Cui. 

Anal  =  3d  A. 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (14)  APRIL.  1908. 


106  FAMILY    EVANIIDiE. 

The  combimition  of  veins  and  consequent  nomenclature  will 
generally  be  different  for  each  abscissa.  In  Fig.  73  it  will  be  seen 
that  the  medial  cross- vein  and  the  second  branch  of  media  form 
apparently  a  single  vein  with  no  indication  where  they  join.  In 
such  cases  where  two  different  abscissas  are  joined  end  to  end  with- 
out indication  of  the  place  of  union,  I  have  designated  the  entire 
vein  thus  formed  by  the  name  of  each  abscissa  connected  by  "and", 
or  if  three  or  more  are  thus  joined,  use  a  comma  between  the 
first  two  and  "and"  between  the  second,  as  m  and  M2,  or,  again, 
I^s,  R3+4  and  R3.  The  -f-  mark  of  course  is  only  used  where  two 
or  more  veins  unite  side  by  side,  as  R4+5  +  Mi-[^2- 

On  Plates  XI-XV  inclusive  are  arranged  figures  of  all  the  types 
of  wings  known  to  occur  in  the  family,  in  what  I  believe  to  be  an 
order  ascending  from  the  most  generalized  to  the  most  modified, 
especially  within  each  subfamily.  The  Aulacinse  are  very  evidently 
the  most  generalized.  Take  for  example  Aulacinus  (Fig.  67),  R4, 
R5  and  all  of  M2  are  present.  Omitting  for  the  present  the  Fceninfe 
(Figs.  72-74),  we  find  in  the  wing  of  Evania  (Fig.  76)  only  a 
slight  modification.  R5  is  lost  and  also  the  transverse  part  of  M2. 
M  has  migrated  far  forwards  along  the  radius,  carrying  with  it 
m-cu.  In  this  subfamily  modification  then  proceeds  by  atrophy, 
until  in  Evaniellus  (Fig.  87)  only  C  and  Sc  are  left.  The  Faniinse 
(Figs.  72-74)  we  may  look  upon  as  a  side  line.  We  cannot  com- 
pare the  degree  of  their  specialization  with  the  others,  because  it 
has  been  in  an  entirely  different  direction.  It  seems  reasonable  to 
suppose  that  they  may  have  arisen  as  an  offshoot  of  Aulacime 
(compare  Figs.  71  and  72),  or  they  may  have  arisen  from  some- 
where among  the  ancestors  of  the  Stephanidje.  At  any  rate  in 
wing  venation  and  other  characteristics  they  are  highly  modified. 
Of  course  I  do  not  base  my  conclusions  as  to  the  relations  of  these 
groups  solely  on  the  wings,  but  these  are  easy  of  illustration  and 
description,  and  in  all  more  reliable  for  comparison  than  any  other 
single  character,  hence  I  emphasize  them  here. 

L'Abbe  Kieffer*  criticizes  the  table  to  the  subfamilies  of  Evanii- 
dte  that  I  published  in  my  former  paper,  on  the  grounds  that  the 
characters  given  do  not  apply  in  all  cases.  But  I  think  that  his 
criticism  is  unfair,  since  the  table  was  intended  only  for  the  North 
American  forms,  for  which  so  far  as  I  am  aware  it  holds  good.     All 

*  Spec.  Hyiii.  d'  ICur.  et  d'  Aljit-'r.,  vii,  bis,  p.  377. 


J.    CHESTKR    BRAULEY.  K'7 

the  exceptions  urged  are  for  exotic  species.  His  own  table  pub- 
lished in  the  same  place  is  open  to  tlie  same  objections.  Thus  under 
his  tribe  Evaniiuie  he  says:  "Nervure  basale  aboutissant  au  stigma, 
rarement  evanouie  dans  sa  partie  superieure."  In  the  genera 
Hyptia,  Setmeomijia,  Semieodofjaster,  Evaniellus  and  sometimes  Zeii.v- 
em?uVf,  the  "  nervure  basale  "  is  wanting.  Again  he  says  :  "Abdo- 
men   ellipsoidal  chez  le  male."       In  Hyptia  and  others  the 

abdomen  in  the  male  is  round  and  indistinguishable  from  that  of 
the  female  in  shape.  I  think  that  the  characters  employed  in  the 
following  table  will  be  found  constant,  except  that  I  am  not  certain 
whether  the  folding  of  the  wings  is  constant  in  all  Fwninaj  or  not. 
It  is  in  all  cases  that  have  come  under  my  observation. 

TABLE  OF  THE  SUBFAMILIES  OF  EVANIID.E. 

1.  Front  wings  with  the  transverse  part  of  M..  present  (Fig.  67) ;  not  folded  lon- 

gitudinally ;  hind  wings  without  a  posterior  lobe  (Fig.  69)  ;  nietaster- 
uum  not  prolonged  into  a  furcula;  abdomen  clavate,  the  basal  seg- 
ment not  filiform-petiolate,  nor  strongly  cotitrasted  to  the  second  in 

form AULACINiE. 

Front  wings  with  the  transver.se  part  of  M-2  absent  (Figs.  72  and  76) (2). 

2.  Hind  wings  without  a  posterior  lobe  (Fig.  72) ;  front  wings  folded  longitudi- 

nally as  in  Vespoidea;  metasternum  not  prolonged  into  a  furcula; 
abdomen  clavate  and  compressed,  the  basal  segment  not  filiform-peti- 
olate, nor  strongly  contrasted  to  the  second  in  form FQ<]NIN.E. 

Hind  wings  with  an  almost  separated  posterior  lobe  (Fig.  76j ;  front  wings  not 
folded  longitudinally;  metasternum  prolonged  into  a  furcula  between 
the  posterior  coxa;;  abdomen  with  the  basal  segment  filiform-petio- 
late, strongly  contrasted  to  the  following  segments  in  form,  the  latter 
together  compressed,  oval  ( 1  ),  triangular  (  9  ),  or  nearly  round  in 
both  sexes EVAXIINM-:. 

FCENINJ^. 

Following  Schletterer,  authors  have  of  recent  years  used  Gaste- 
ruption  as  the  name  of  the  typical  genus  of  this  family.  But  Gas- 
teruption  of  Latreille  (1797)  is  a  nomen  nudum— no  species  being 
mentioned.  In  1798  Fabricius  describes  Fcenm  with  jaculator  and 
imectator  as  species.  Latreille  in  1802,  Hist.  nat.  Crust,  and  Insec, 
iii,  329,  says:  "  J'avois  etabli  ce  genre  avant  Fabricius,  sous  le  nom 
de  Gasteruption. ;  niais,  comme  ce  dernier  mot  est  trop  dur,  j'  adopte 
avec  plaisir  la  denomination  de  ce  naturaliste." 

As  before  remarked,  the  Fcx'uina'  show  unmistakable  relations  to 
the  Stephanidse. 

The   wing  of   Hyptiogaster  is   the   most  generalized   in    the  sub- 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  APRIL,  1908. 


108  FAMILY     EYANIID^. 

family.  lu  Fmius  (Fig.  73)  tlie  base  of  the  longitudinal  part  of 
M  has  become  interstitial  with  Ciu,  crowding  m-cu  out  of  existence 
and  greatly  reducing  the  size  of  the  cells  M3  and  M4.  In  Pseudo- 
fmius  (Fig.  74)  the  condition  is  the  same,  except  for  an  additional 
step,  the  vein  M4  being  lost  and  cells  M3  and  M4  thus  thrown  together. 

The  habitus  is  similar  in  all  the  species  that  I  liave  studied,  the 
proportions  being  always  slender,  the  neck  long,  and  the  posterior 
tibite  very  strongly  clavate.  But  not  in  the  genus  Hyptiogaster,  at 
least  not  in  H.  humeralis,  in  which  the  form  is  stouter,  the  neck 
short  and  the  posterior  legs  stout ;  the  femora  very  stout,  as  though 
for  leaping ;  the  tibiae  stout  but  not  clavate ;  the  tarsi  very  short, 
exclusive  of  the  claw,  less  than  one-third  as  long  as  the  tibise,  the 
second  and  third  joints  being  extremely  short,  much  broader  than 
long,  while  the  claw  is  quite  large.  The  mouth  parts  are  much  ' 
enlarged  and  used  for  sucking  (Figs.  20-21). 

The  claw  (Fig.  43)  is  always  simple ;  the  mouth  parts  are  shown 
in  Figs.  20-23. 

An  interesting  character  is  found  in  the  longitudinal  folding  of 
the  wings,  as  in  the  Vespoidea.  Outside  of  these  there  is  only  one 
other  genus  of  Hymenoptera  known  to  have  this  habit,  namely 
Leucospis,  a  Chalcid. 

A  quite  extensive  account  of  the  life  history. of  i^cen?<s  (Gasterup- 
tion)  is  given  by  Hoppner.*  The  genus  is  parasitic  on  the  larvte  of 
aculeate  Hymenoptera,  and  has  been  bred  from  Prosopis,  Trypoxy- 
lon,  Osmia,  Erlades,  Odynerus,  Colletes  and  Cemones.  In  the  col- 
lection of  Cornell  University  is  a  specimen  lacking  an  abdomen,  but 
probably  F.  incertus,  bred  from  the  nest  of  Passalvecus  diHtinctus  Fox. 

Only  Fcenus  occurs  in  tlie  United  States. 

TABLE  TO  THE  GENERA  OF   FCENIN.E. 
] .  In  the  front  wings  m-cu  absent  (Figs.  73,  74),  the  base  of  the  longitudinal  part 
of  M  joining  Cuj  ;  [Posterior  tibiaj  swollen  and  tlavate;  habitus  slen- 
der, the  neck  and  head  usually  long]  \ '2). 

In  the  front  wings  m-cu  present,  the  base  of  the  longitudinal  jiart  of  M  being 
removed  from  Cuj  (Fig.  72) ;  [Posterior  femora  and  tibia?  sometimes 
much  swollen  but  not  clavate;  the  tarsi  sometimes  very  short;  joints 
2-4  broader  than  long;  habitus  stouter,  head  and  neck  not  elongate.]* 

Hyptiogaster  Kieffer. 
(Type  Gasteruption  antennale  Schletterer). 


*  Allg.  Zeitschr.  f.  Entom.,  ix,  p.  97,  1904. 

t  The  bracketed  characters  may  not  always  hold  true,  but  do  in  all  the  species 
that  I  have  seen. 


J.    CHESTKK    BRADLEY.  109 

2.  The  free  part  of  M4  present  (Fit;.  73).  .FoeiillS  Fabricius  {Gasteruption  auct). 

(Type  Ichneumon  anieclator  L.) 

The  free  part  of  .AIj  lost  (Fig.  74) P<*en«IolV»iiiiS  KieflTer. 

(Type  (rasteriiption  pednriicidiilnm  Schletterer.) 

Ffjcmis  maculicornis  Cameron,  from  Mexico,  l)elongs  to  tlie  genu.- 
Fseudoffienns. 

TABLE   TO   THE   NORTH    AMERICAN    SPECIES    GROUPS   OF    FCEXUS. 
AND   THE   SPECIES   OF   THE   MONTANUS   GROUP. 

1.  Ovipositor  of  the  females  as  long  as  the  abdomen tarsatorius  group. 

Ovipositor  of  the  females  about  one-quarter  as  long  as  the  abdomen. 

montanus  group  (2l. 

2.  Medial  mesothoracic  lobe  shagreened,  not  striate (3 1. 

Medial  mesothoracic  lobe  transversely  rugose-striate iilifrura  Kicfler. 

3.  Second,  third  and  fourth  abdominal  segments  banded  black  and  red. 

montaiiU!>i  iiicertns  Cresson. 
Apex  of  second,  third,  fourth   and    fifth   abdominal   segments  excejit   dorsal 
spots,  entirely  red,  middle  and  posterior  legs  often  red  beneath. 

moutaiiUM  Cresson. 

FwiiUN   montanus  Cresson. 
1864.     Fwnns  montanus  Cresson,  Proc,  Ent.  Soc,  Phila.  iii,  j).  132. 
1864.     Fcentis  incertus  Cresson,  ibid.,  p.  133  (^  race  incerius). 

1903.  Gastentption  micrura  nigripectiis  KieflTer,  Ark.  ZooL,  i.  p.  ,")56. 

1904.  GasterupHon  nevadense  Kiefler,  Invert,  pacifica,  i,  p.  41  (race  montanus). 
Black,  abdomen  often  partly  rufous,  legs  sometimes  light,  ovipositor  2..5-3  mm. 

Length  7.5-13  mm. 

9  . — Head  black  ;  occiput  and  face  very  minutely  roughened,  with  close  punc- 
tures several  times  smaller  than  the  facets  of  the  eye,  giving  the  whole  a  dull 
opaque  lustre;  jaws  black,  punctures  larger  and  not  so  close;  no  area  on  the  face 
separated  by  grooves;  face  impubescent,  except  for  a  fringe  of  yellow  hairs  on 
the  edge  of  the  clypeus,  which  is  emarginate,  its  articulation  marked  by  a  very 
fine  suture;  a  short  ridge  between  the  antenniu  above;  face  not  narrowed  ;  head 
very  broadly  rounded  behind  the  eyes,  posterior  margin  simple;  first  joint  of 
flagellum  strongly  clavate,  two-thirds  the  size  of  .second,  which  is  subcylindrical, 
third  scarcely  longer  than  the  second,  but  perfectly  cylindrical;  antennse  more 
minutely  punctured  than  the  face,  glabrous  to  the  middle  of  the  third  segment 
of  the  flagellum,  where  it  becomes  pubescent;  head  beneath  glabrous.  Neck 
short,  finely  wrinkled  anteriorly  belove,  smooth  posteriorly,  with  a  few  scattered 
punctations;  above  more  coansely  reticulate.  Thorax  black;  margin  of  pro- 
thorax  wavy,  without  any  well-marked  tooth;  propleura  and  mesothoracic  lobe 
finely  roughened  with  punctures  somewhat  larger  than  the  facets  of  the  eye, 
especially  the  former;  parapsides  smooth  and  more  sparingly  punctulate.  with- 
out an  impressed  longitudinal  line;  meso- and  metapleuiaj  more  coarsely  punc- 
tulate; scutellutn  very  finely  punctulate;  wings  hyaline,  without  violaceous 
reflection,  veins  dark.  Legs  nearly  black,  somewhat  subcastaneous,  evenly  and 
most  minutely  punctulate,  tibige  and  tarsi  covered  with  short  pubescence.    .-Vbdo- 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  APRIL,  1908. 


110  FAMILY    EVANIID^. 

men  black,  second  and  third  segments  tipjied  witli  rufons;  a  rufous  spot  on  each 
side  of  the  third  segment  and  ventrally  ;  abdomen  much  compressed,  smooth  and 
with  a  dull,  not  silky  lustre. 

%  . — Similar  to  female,  but  slightly  more  pubescent  and  punctations  generally 
a  little  larger. 

The  description  applies  to  the  race  ineertus. 

Tlie  races  montanus  and  ineertus  merge  one  into  the  other.  Mon- 
tayius  has  much  more  red  on  the  abdomen,  violaceous  wings,  and 
very  frequently  the  under  side  of  the  middle  and  posterior  legs  I'ed. 
It  seems  to  be  more  common  in  Nevada,  and  to  extend  eastward 
into  Colorado  (West  Cliff),  and  northward  into  Oregon  (Mt.  Hood) 
and  Washington.  Ineertus  is  the  common  form  in  Colorado  (type 
locality)  and  is  also  recorded  from  New  Mexico  (Beulah,  August 
17th,  Dr.  Skinner;  July  11th,  T.  D.  A.  Cockerel!),  from  Oregon 
(Mt.  Hood),  and  from  Washington.  Further  east  it  occurs  in 
Canada;  New  Hampshire;  Massachusetts;  Pennsylvania  (Castle 
Rock,  Dr.  Skinner),  and  Virginia. 

The  eastern  specimens  seem  to  differ  slightly  from  the  western  ; 
they  usually  have  a  white  base  to  their  posterior  tibise,  while  in 
western  individuals  the  tibiae  are  usually  entirely  black. 

Fcenu»i  niicriira  KiefTer. 
1903.     Gasteruption  micrura  KiefTer,  Ark.  f.  Zool.  i,  p.  .556. 

9  . — 10  mm.  Black.  Head  opaque,  very  finely  sbagreened  ;  eyes  short,  hairy  ; 
occiput  nearly  semicircular,  slightly  less  than  lialf  the  length  of  the  eye;  poste- 
rior margin  simple,  weakly  concaved  ;  posterior  ocelli  somewhat  more  widely 
separated  from  each  other  than  from  the  compound  eyes;  cheeks  very  short, 
shorter  than  the  second  anteniial  segment;  antennse  dark  brown,  paler  at  the 
apex ;  the  second  segment  longer  than  thick,  two-thirds  as  long  as  the  third  ;  the 
fourth  a  little  longer  than  the  third. 

Thorax  dark  red  ;  neck  and  upper  side  of  the  thorax  almost  black  ;  neck  short ; 
pronotum  with  an  indistinct  tooth  on  the  anterior  angles;  medial  mesothoracic 
lobe  thickly,  ratlier  finely  transversely  rugose-striate,  the  lateral  and  posterior 
parts  of  the  mesonotum  leather-like,  as  also  the  scutellum,  and  the  propleurse 
and  mesopleura;  propodeum  reticulate.  Wings  hyaline;  posterior  wings  with 
three  costal  hooks,  without  cells;  coxaj  and  legs  brownish  yellow;  posterior  legs 
darker,  the  base  of  their  tibiae  white  ;  posterior  coxse  transverse-striate;  metatar- 
sus as  long  as  the  four  following  segments  united.  Apical  third  of  the  second, 
third  and  fourth  abdominal  segments  yellowish-ied  ;  ovijjositor  scarcely  longer 
than  the  petiole;  vagina;  entirely  black,  their  apex  weakly  spindle-sliapcd. 

Male  similar  to  the  female. 

The  description  is  translated  from  Kieffer. 
The  color  of  the  thorax  is  usually  entirely  black. 
Type  locality,  Illinois.     I  have  seen  specimens  from  New  Hamp- 
shire (New  Glenn  Hou.se,White  Mtns.) ;  Massachusetts  and  Virginia. 


J.    CHESTER    BRADLEY.  Ill 

Fceiius  farsatorius  Say. 
(?)  1851.     Fcenns  barnstoni  Westwood,  ?  ,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  London,  n.  s.,  i,  p.  220. 
1859.      Foenus  tarsatorius  Say,  9>  Eiitom.  North  Amer.  i.  p.  215. 
1889.      Gasteruption  tarsuiorium   Schlett,  Ann.  d.  k.  k.  Nath.   Hofm.  Wien,  iv. 

p.  482. 
1903.      Gasteruption  iutricutnm  Kieffer,  Ark.  f.  Zool.,  i,  p.  556. 

Black  or  brown;  punctures  on  dorsum  deep,  large  and  scattered  among  the 
coarse  wrinkles.     Length  10-14  mm.     Ovipositor  10.5-13  mm. 

9. — Head  black,  very  minutely  punctulate,  somewhat  shiny  on  top,  slightly 
silvery-sericeous  between  the  eyes  and  antennte,  mandibles  testaceous,  tipped 
with  rufous;  margin  of  clypeus  sinuate,  emarginate  in  centre;  head  behind  eyes 
narrowed,  margin  not  rellexed  ;  antenna-  pubescent  toward  apes,  from  about  the 
third  segment  of  fiagellum  ;  this  short  clavate.  Thorax  black,  laterally  silvery- 
sericeous;  dorsum  coarsely  reticulate  or  transverse-wrinkled,  with  large  punc- 
tures between  and  small  ones  on  the  wrinkles  or  meshes;  propodeum  coarsely 
reticulate.  Wings  hyaline,  irridescent.  without  violaceous  reflection;  veins 
pale.  Four  anterior  legs  entirely  testaceous,  including  coxse ;  posterior  cosse 
black,  finely  transverse-wrinkled  ;  femora  reddish-brown;  tibise  white  at  base, 
especially  anteriorly,  club  brown;  tarsi  white,  apex  brown.  Abdomen  silky, 
black,  two  or  three  .segments  tipped  with  a  ferruginous  lateral  spot.  Borer  red, 
sheaths  black,  tipped  with  white. 

If  this  proves  to  be  identical  with  bariutoni  of  Westwood,  that 
uame  will  replace  tarsatorius  Say. 

Hab. — Massachusetts  (Medford,  G.  Dimmock);  North  Carolina; 
Virfriiiia;  Canada;  New  York  (Ithaca);  Pennsylvania. 

F<Bun»»  fVagilis  nov.  spec. 

Very  frail  and  slender,  abdomen  brown  to  black,  with  ferruginous  spots,  legs 
dark  brown,  wrinkles  on  the  dorsum  subohsolete  medially,  dwindling  into  punc- 
tures.    Length  11  mm.     Ovipositor  9-13  mm. 

9  .—  Head  black  ;  face  clothed  laterally  and  on  the  border  of  the  clypeus  wiili 
silvery  sericeous  pubescence;  face  sparingly,  vertex  more  closely  covered  with 
punctures  the  size  of  the  facets  of  the  eyes;  the  mandibles  are  rufous,  the  apical 
tooth  small,  blunt,  and  the  apex,  which  is  also  somewhat  blunt,  is  not  prolonged 
beyond  it,  very  slightly  punctured;  clypeus  sinuate  laterally,  very  broadly 
emarginate  medially;  its  articulation  with  the  face  and  an  area  beneath  the 
antennse  well  defined  ;  occiput  with  a  tendency  toward  fine  transver.se  wrinkles, 
cheeks  narrowed  behind  the  eyes,  posterior  edge  acute;  first  joint  of  the  fiagel- 
lum short,  clavate,  together  with  the  second  longer  than  the  third  by  about  half 
the  length  of  the  first.  Neck  long,  broad  at  base  and  tapering  strongly  at  the 
apex  ;  strongly  sculptured  with  transverse  wrinkles,  irregular,  and  rather  widely 
separated.  Prothorax  similarly  sculptured  ;  on  the  lobe  of  the  mesothorax  the 
sculpture  is  similar  but  more  regular  toward  the  sides  and  the  rear,  in  the  middle 
anteriorly  the  wrinkles  become  subobsolete,  dwindling  into  mere  punctures; 
propodeum  coarsely  reticulate;  sides  of  thorax  silvery  sericeous;  prothorax  with 
a  well-marked  acute  tooth  on  the  anterior  margin.  Wings  hyaline,  irridescent, 
without  the  beautiful  violaceous  reflection   found  in  some  of  the  other  species, 

TR.^NS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  APRIL.  1908. 


112  FAMILY    EVANIID.T:. 

veins  and  stigma  dark.  Legs  entirely  dark  brown,  except  a  wliite  ring  near  the 
base  of  tbe  posterior  tarsi,  and  a  subwliite  ring  at  the  base  of  the  posterior  tibise, 
broad  in  front  and  obsolete  behind  ;  posterior  coxie  very  finely  transverse  rugu- 
lose.  Abdomen  silky,  brown  at  base,  grading  to  black  at  apex,  varied  with  two 
ferruginous  spots  on  each  side  near  the  middle.  Borer  red,  sheaths  black,  pale 
at  apex. 

%  . — Similar,  except  that  the  apex  of  the  mandibles  is  a  little  longer,  the  cly- 
peus  a  little  more  deeply  emarginate.  and  the  second  joint  of  the  flagellum  short. 

Five  specimens  with  no  variation,  except  that  the  ferruginous 
spots  on  the  abdomen  sometimes  extend  toward  the  base.  The 
stature  is  very  frail. 

Hab. — Montana,  Nevada,  Oregon  (Mt.  Hood). 

Type. — In  the  American  Entomological  Society's  collection. 

Foeiiiis  pattersoiiae  Melander  and  Brues. 
1902.     Gasferiiption  pattersonas  Melander  and  Brues,  Biol.  Bull.,  iii,  p.  35. 
1904.     Gasternption pyrrhosternum  Kiefifer,  Invert,  pacific,  i,  p.  41. 

Black,  legs  red,  abdomen  ferrugino-niaculate.  Thorax  sub-coarsely  reticulate, 
posterior  coxie  more  finely  reticulate.     Length  12.5  mm. 

%  . — Head  black;  face  slightly  silvery  pubescent;  mandibles  rufous,  tipped 
darker,  shining  and  impunctate  toward  the  acute  apex,  slightly  punctured  at  the 
base;  clypeus  sinuate,  broadly  emarginate,  without  tooth  in  centre;  face  very 
sparingly  covered  with  punctures  much  smaller  than  the  ocelli ;  punctatioiis  on 
the  occiput  larger  and  running  into  close  fine  transverse  wrinkles;  antenna' 
pubescent,  with  the  second  segment  of  the  flagellum  short;  occiput  and  head 
beneath  covered  with  fine  yellowish  pile  ;  head  behind  the  eyes  very  brief,  sub- 
truncate,  margin  not  reflexed.  Neck  short,  it  and  the  entire  thorax  are  covered 
with  coarse  and  more  or  less  regular  reticulations,  not  confluent  on  the  meso- 
thorax,  and  about  one-half  the  size  of  the  ocelli.  Thorax  entirely  black,  its 
sides  and  tbe  neck  silvery  sericeous,  prothorax  with  an  acute  tooth  on  the  lateral 
anterior  angles.  Wings  subhyaline,  without  violaceous  reflection  and  but  slight 
irridescence ;  nervures  and  stigma  dark.  Four  anterior  legs  including  coxse 
rufotestaceous;  posterior  deep  rufous,  tending  to  castaneous,  the  base  of  the 
tibiai  with  a  white  ring;  posterior  coxfe  rufous,  much  more  finely  reticulated 
than  the  thorax.  Abdomen  sub-silky,  black,  with  ferruginous  lateral  spots  on 
the  first  two  or  three  segments. 

One  specimen  has  stood  for  many  years  in  the  collection  of  the 
American  Entomological  Society  bearing  a  MS  label  in  Mr.  Cres- 
sou's  handwriting.  I  have  receivei.  il  additional  specimen  {pyrrho- 
sternum Kieffer)  from  C.  F.  Baker. 

FceniiN  floridaiius  n.  sp. 

5 ,  "J) . — Black,  neck,  prothorax,  coxa;  and  entire  legs,  jiropodiuim  and  spots  on 
the  abdomen  red.     Thorax  and  hind  coxic  coarsely  reticulate. 

Length  14  mm.     Borer  12.5  mm. 

9. — Head  black;  impubescent,  except  clypeus  which  is  somewhat  pubescent 
and  roughly  sculptured,  rest  of  face  closely  covered  with  minute  puncture*  con- 


J.    CHESTER    BRADLEY.  Ho 

siderahly  smaller  tliaii  the  facets  of  the  eyes,  giving  tlie  surface  a  dull  lustre; 
mandibles  blunt,  rufous;  edge  of  clypeus  somewhat  sinuate;  antennae  black,  first 
joint  of  flagelluni  clavate,  longer  than  usual ;  head  prolonged  behind  the  eyes, 
abruptly  narrowed,  margin  reflexed.  Neck  long,  rufous,  closely  transverse- 
striate.  Prothorax,  including  propleura,  rufous,  with  an  acute  tooth  on  each 
side  of  the  lateral  anterior  angles;  the  entire  thorax  and  propodeum  covered 
with  coarse  reticulations,  interstices  about  the  size  of  the  ocelli ;  on  the  meso- 
thoracic  lobe  these  become  somewhat  confluent.  Wings  stained  dusky  yellow, 
without  violaceous  reflection  or  very  marked  irridescence;  nervures  and  .stigma 
dark.  Coxse  and  entire  legs  rufous,  except  the  posterior  tarsi ;  club  of  tibiie  and 
spot  on  outside  of  posterior  femora  at  apex  black.  Propodeum  rufous.  Abdo- 
men silky,  moderately  compressed;  first  segment  rufous,  with  a  black  medial 
spot  near  the  apex  ;  .second  black,  with  a  rufous  spot  on  each  side  at  the  apex  ; 
third  black,  with  a  smaller  rufous  spot;  remainder  black.  Borer  red;  sheaths 
black,  tipped  with  white. 

-^  .—Similar  to  the  J,  but  with  the  propleurse  and  sides  of  the  propodeum 
less  entirely  red.     Second  segment  of  flagelluni  short. 

A  paratype  from  Havana,  Cuba  (C.  F.  Baker),  differ?^  from  the 
type  in  having  entire  pleurse,  border.s  of  median  lobe  of  mesonotnm 
and  the  propodeum  red. 

Thi.s  species  is  very  distinct  from  any  other  tliat  I  know  by  the 
coarse  reticulation  on  the  thorax.  It  most  nearly  approaches  pat- 
tersonce  Melander  and  Brues. 

Fwnus  cressoni  n.  sp. 

5  .—Head  black;  face  very  sparingly  dotted  with  i)Uiictures  much  finer  than 
the  facets  of  the  eyes,  slightly  pubescent;  mandibles  acute,  rufous,  tip  darker, 
shining,  punctate,  especially  toward  the  base;  clypeus  broadly  emarginate, 
somewhat  sinuate  ;  occiput  finely  transverse-.striate,  not  interrupted  and  fairly 
regular,  antenna}  black,  first  segment  of  the  flagellum  scarcely  clavate;  head 
rather  short  behind  the  eyes,  hind  margin  acute.  Neck  of  medium  length, 
transver-sely  wrinkled,  with  large  interstices  between  the  wrinkles.  Thorax 
black;  prothorax  with  an  acute  tooth  on  the  lateral  margin;  medial  mesothoracic 
lobe  rather  finely  and  closely  tranverse-striate,  with  a  few  scattered  punctures; 
sides  of  the  thorax  reticulate  to  rugulose,  very  slightly  silvery  sericeous:  propo- 
deum reticulate,  black.  Wings  stained  yellowish,  without  violaceous  reflection 
or  much  irridescence ;  veins  and  stigma  dark.  Legs  black  ;  ring  of  white  at  ba.se 
of  posterior  tibite  and  tarsi,  on  the  tibite  broadened  in  front;  posterior  coxse  very 
finely  transverse-striolate.  Abdon.  lull  silky  black,  abruptly  truncate  at  apex, 
not  greatly  compressed  ;  two  ferrug.  us  spots  on  each  side  near  the  middle  sub- 
confluent  beneath. 

-^  . — Similar  to  female;  segments  of  antennai  as  in  female,  the  second  joint  of 
flagellum  twice  longer  than  fi!-,t.     A  little  more  robust  than  the  female. 

A  robust  species.  Three  specimens.  The  front  legs  sometimes 
reddish. 

Hab. — Vancouver,  Canada,  Massachusetts. 

TRANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (15)  APRIL.  1908. 


114  FAMILY     KVANIID^E. 

Fceiins  nevadse  n.  sp. 

9. — Head  black;  face  laterally  silvery  sericeous ;  finely  and  sparingly  piine- 
tulate;  mandibles  subacute,  rufous,  tipped  with  black,  punctate;  clypeus  sbort 
and  broad,  sliallowly  sinuate,  broadly,  not  deeply  emarginate;  vertex  almost 
iinperceptly  punctulate,  running  into  minutely  transverse  striolse  ;  first  segment 
of  flagellnm  clavate;  bead  behind  tbe  eyes  narrowed,  so  as  to  be  subtriangnlar, 
posterior  eniargination  narrow,  the  edge  prominently  subreflexed  ;  head  under- 
neath silvery  sericeous.  Neck  short,  transversely  wrinkled.  Thorax  black  ;  sides 
strongly  silvery  sericeous;  protborax  with  a  tooth  on  the  lateral  angles;  thorax 
entirely  and  closely  covered  with  deep  punctures,  about  half  the  size  of  the 
ocelli,  but  not  confluent ;  propodeum  coarsely  reticulated.  Wings  hyaline,  irri- 
descent,  without  violaceous  reflection  ;  veins  dark.  Four  anterior  legs  and  coxae 
rufous;  posterior  black,  except  a  small  white  band  on  the  posterior  tarsi  near 
base  and  on  the  posterior  tibise  near  their  base,  dilated  in  front;  posterior  coxae 
finely  transverse-striolate.  Abdomen  red,  except  the  extreme  base  and  apex  are 
black;  scarcely  compressed,  tip  subtruncate.  Borer  red,  sheaths  black,  tipped 
with  white. 

Described  from  five  specimeus  in  the  Cresson  collection  labelled  in 
Mr.  Cresson's  writing  "  nevadensis  n.  sp."  The  only  variation 
seems  to  be  that  one  specimen  has  considerable  fuscous  on  the  abdo- 
men. There  is  one  specimen  in  the  U.  S.  National  museum  collec- 
tion that  has  the  head  behind  the  eyes  a  little  less  constricted.  It  is 
doubtfully  referred  to  this  species.  Tlie  punctuation  is  a  little  more 
obscure,  the  posterior  tibiae  rufous  anterioi'ly.     From  New  Mexico. 

Hab.—^ev.,  N.  Mex.  (Mesilla  Park,  May  7th,  T.  D.  A.  Cockerel! ). 

Type. — Collection  of  the  American  Entomological  Society. 

Foenus  perplexus  Cressson. 
1864.     Faenns  perplexus  Cress.,   9,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phila.,  iii,  p.  131. 
1889.     GasteruptioH  pcrplexuni  Schletterer,   J,  Ann.  d.  k.  k.  Natb.  Hofm.  Wien, 
iv,  p.  487. 

9. — Head  black,  face  with  a  little  silvery  sericeous;  punctation  very  minute 
and  rather  close;  mandibles  polished,  rufous;  clypeus  sinuate,  emarginate,  occi- 
put finely  punctate,  slightly  transverse-striate ;  antenna;  pubescent  beyond  the 
third  segment  of  the  flagellum,  scape  closely  punctured;  first  segment  of  the 
flagellum  short,  subclavate;  head  narrowed  behind  the  eyes,  posterior  margin 
prominent,  subreflexed.  Neck  medium,  closely  punctate  to  subreticulate.  Pro- 
thorax  with  an  acute  tooth  on  the  lateral  margin  ;  thorax  entirely  black  ;  meso- 
thorax  above  covered  with  several  large  punctures  at  considerable  intervals; 
sides  of  thorax  more  closely  ])unctate  to  subreticulate;  propodeum  reticulate. 
Wings  hyaline,  slightly  irridescent,  without  violaceous  reflection  ;  veins  and 
stigma  dark.  I^egs  black;  posterior  coxae  finely  transversely  striolate.  Abdo- 
men black  at  base  and  apex,  medially  ferruginous.  Ovii>ositor  red,  sheaths 
black,  tipped  with  white.     Length  10-12  mm. 

'J,.— Similar  to  female,  except  that  tbe  antennie  are  entirely  pubescent,  and 
the  second  segment  of  the  flagellum  is  half  the  length  of  the  third  ;  the  abdomen 
is  black,  with  three  ferruginous  spots  on  each  side. 


J.    CHESTKR    BRADLEY.  115 

A  distinct  and  interesting  s[)e(;ies.  The  thorax  is  often  silvery 
sericeous,  and  the  posterior  tibiie  sometimes  have  an  obscure  wliite 
band  at  their  base,  broad  in  front. 

Hab. — Colorado,  Nevada. 

Tijpes.  —  In  the  collection  of  the  American  Entomological  Society. 

Foenus  egr«'grius  Schletterer. 
18S7.     Gasleruption  egregrium  ScJilelt.,  Ann.  k.  k.  Nath.  Hofni.  Wien,  iv,  p.  4^0. 

9. — Head  black;  face  very  closely  and  minutely  punctulate,  with  here  and 
there  a  larger  piinctation,  shining,  silvery  sericeous;  mandibles  black,  tipped 
with  rufous,  punctate,  polished;  clypeus  sinuate,  rather  strongly  emargiiiate  ; 
second  segment  of  flagelUim  clavate;  liead  above  minutely  transverse-striolate. 
behind  the  eyes  elongate,  posterior  margin  prominent,  subreflexed.  Neck 
rather  short,  subfinely  and  irregularly  rugulose.  Thorax  black;  prothorax  witli 
an  acute  tooth  on  the  lateral  angles;  dorsum  finely  and  very  weakly  traiisverse- 
rugulose,  with  a  few  indistinct  punctations  scattered  over  it,  giving  the  whole  a 
finely  shagreened  ajjpearance,  with  a  dull  lustre;  medially  behind  the  groove 
the  punctures  become  larger  and  close;  on  the  sides  of  the  thorax  they  aie  also 
large  and  close,  subreticulate;  the  propodeum  is  reticulate.  Wings  stained  yel- 
lowish fuscous,  but  slightly  irridescent,  without  violaceous  reflection  ;  veins 
and  stigma  black.  Legs  black,  base  of  tibite  white;  posterior  coxse  finely  trans- 
verse-striolate.  Abdomen  with  a  luxurious  satiny  lustre,  petiole  black,  next  two 
segments  rufo-ferrnginous,  remaitider  black.     Length  16  mm. 

I  have  seen  two  specimens  of  this  species,  and  they  seem  to  be 
sufficiently  distinct  from  F.  occidodalis  by  the  shape  and  posterior 
margin  of  the  head,  the  punctation  of  the  thorax  and  the  (!olor  of 
abdomen,  in  one  specimen  the  only  white  on  the  tibite  is  a  ring 
near  the  base  of  the  posterior. 

Hah. — British  Columbia;  Idaho  (Priest  Lake,  August,  C.  V. 
Piper). 

Ti/pe. — In  the  collection  of  H.  de  Saussure  in  Geneva. 

Fieniis  occidentalis  Cresson. 
1864.     Fcenus  occidentalis  Cresson,   9'  Troc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phila.,  iii,  p.  131. 
1883.     Gasferiiption  occidentale  Schletterer,   9 ,  'J, ,  Verb,  zool.-bot.  (lesell.  Wien, 
XXV,  ]).  290. 

9  .  —  Head  black  ;  face  silvery  sericeous,  minutely,  sparingly,  but  subreguhirly 
punctulate;  mandibles  black,  polished,  tipped  with  rufous,  apical  tooth  very 
blunt;  clypeus  broadly  emarginate;  occiput  minutely  closely  and  regularly 
punctulate  but  not  striate;  scape  punctured,  first  segment  of  flagelluni  clavate- 
head  behind  the  eyes  subquadrate,  margin  very  prominently  and  broadly  re- 
flexed  at  the  sides.  Neck  of  medium  length,  anteriorly  transversely  wrinkled, 
posteriorly  punctured.  Thorax  black,  sides  slightly  silvery  sericeous:  prothorax 
with  an  acute  tooth  on  the  sides  of  the  anterior  margin  ;  dorsum  transverse- 
rugulose,  with  close-set  large  and  deep  punctures,  the  sides  of  the  thorax  more 
nearly  reticulate;  propodeum  coarsely  reticulate.     Wings  stained  yellowish,  not 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  APRIL.  1908. 


116  FAMILY     EVANim^. 

very  irridescent,  but  ofteu  with  a  strong  and  beautiful  violaceous  reflection  ; 
nervures  and  stigma  black.  Legs  black;  four  anterior  knees  externally,  and 
sometimes  ring  at  base  of  posterior  tarsi  white ;  posterior  cosfe  transverse- 
wrinkled,  tending  to  reticulate  beneath.  Abdomen  with  luxuriant  satiny  lus- 
tre; petiole  black,  followiug  three  or  four  segments  ferruginous  or  rufo-ferrugin- 
ous;  apex  black.     Length  14  mm. 

%  . — Similar  to  female ;  second  segment  of  flagellum  more  than  half  the  length 
of  the  third. 

This  largest  and  most  beautiful  of  our  native  species  shows  no 
variation,  other  than  as  mentioned,  in  the  series  of  12  females  and 
males  before  me. 

Hab. — Nevada,  Washington,  Colorado,  California  (Dunsmuir, 
H.  F.  Wickham). 

Types. — In  collection  of  American  Entomological  Society: 

Fceniis  rubrofasciatus  KiefTer. 
1904.     Gasteruption  riibrofasciatum  Kieflfer,  Invert,  pac  ,  i,  p.  42. 

%  . — Black,  mandibles,  apex  of  second  and  third  and  trace  at  apex  of  fourth 
and  fifth  abdominal  segments  red  ;  anterior  legs  including  coxae  reddish-yellow, 
femora  in  the  middle  and  tibije  at  apex  browner,  middle  legs  brown,  coxfe  and 
trochanters  black,  base  of  tibige  white;  posterior  coxa-  and  trochanters  black, 
base  of  femora  pale  reddish,  ring  near  base  of  tibige  white,  othei  wise  brown. 

Head  opaque,  minutely  transversely  striated  ;  inner  margins  of  compound  eyes 
slightly  converging  below;  malar  space  almost  obsolete;  posteiior  ocelli  n<arer 
to  the  compound  eyes  than  to  each  other;  head  narrowed  behind  the  eyes,  the 
posterior  margin  truncate,  slightly  concave,  slightly  rimmed  ;  antennae  sliort,  the 
second  and  third  segments  subequal,  together  shorter  than  the  fourth;  fourth 
longer  than  the  fifth. 

Neck  short,  reticulated,  pronotum  with  a  short  tooth;  medial  mesonotal  lobe 
transversely  rugose-wrinkled,  parapsides  irregularly  rugose,  posterior  part  of 
mesonotum  more  coarsely  transverse-wrinkled  ;  scutellum  transverse-wrinkled  ; 
mesopleuise  above  shagreened,  below  together  with  the  propodeum  reticulate; 
posterior  coxae  minutely  transverse-striate.  Petiole  shoiter  than  the  second  seg- 
ment.    Length  12  mm. 

Hub.— ^autii  Clara  County,  California,  C.  F.  Baker.  A  second 
specimen  received  from  Mr.  Baker  under  this  name  from  Nevada 
seems  to  represent  an  undescribed  species. 

F«ciiii(i»  !<»e|>tentrioiiaIis  Schlett. 
1889.     Gasteruption  septentrional e  Schlett..  f,  Ann.  d.  k.  k.  Xath.  Ilofm.  Wien, 
iv,  p.  480. 
9  . — "L.  10  mm.    Caput  opacum,  post  ocellos  tenuissime  transverso-striolatum  ; 
capitis   pars   occipitalis   mediocriter   longa  et  obconica,   margine   postico  acuto. 
Gcnte  brevissimae.     Flagelli  articulus  secundus  quam  primus  evidenter  sesqui 
longior,  tertius  secundo  longior,  quam  secundus  unacuin  ))rimo  brevior. 
Collum    breve.     Mesonotum    ante   suturam    crenulatam    tenuiter   transverso- 


J.    CHESTKK    BRADLEY.  117 

striolatiini,  punctulis  disjiersis  valde  inconspicuis,  post  suturani  crenulataiii  ten- 
uissime  transverso-  rugulosum  sive  tenuissime  coriaceuni.  Segnienturu  teuuiter 
reticulato-rugosiim,  postice  in  medio  loiigitudinaliter  carinulatum.  Cosse  poste- 
riores  opaose  sive  tenuissime  scabiae.  Teiebra  abdomine  brevior,  abdominis 
petiolo  longior,  vaginis  nigris,  apice  alliis.  Nigrum,  pedibus  quatuor  anticis 
brunesceiitibus,  tibiis,  imprimis  posterioribus  ad  basin  albo-sigiiatis. 

This  species  I  have  not  seen.     It  is  closely  related  to  F.  incertas, 
but  the  ovipositor  is  about  the  length  of  the  abdomen. 
Hab. — British  Columbia  (Yale). 
Type. — In  k.  k.  Nath.  Hofm.  in  Vienna. 

Foenus  pensilis  Schletterer. 
1889.     Gasteruption  pensile  Schlett.,   9,  Ann.  k.  k.  Nath.  Hofm.  Wien,  iv,  p.  483. 

"9-  L.  10-11  mm.  Caput  antice  levi-nitidum,  supra  subtilissime  trans- 
verso-striolatum  sive  opacum,  post  ocellos  evidenter  transverso-striatuni ;  capitis 
pars  occipitalis  mediocriter  longa  et  obconica,  margine  postico  simplici.  Gense 
vix  longitudine  flagelli  articuli  primi.  Flagelli  articulus  secundus  quam  primus 
evidenter  duplo  longior,  tertius  articulus  quam  primus  triplo  longior. 

"Collum  brevissimum.  Me.souotum  subteuuiter  et  evidenter  transverso-strio- 
latum,  post  suturam  crenulatam  in  medio  medioci'iter  tenuiter  transverso-rugo- 
sum  et  in  rus;is  iiiconspiciie  punctatura.  Segraentum  medianum  evidenter  re- 
ticulato-rugosum.  Coxae  posteriores  supra  subtiliter  ti'ansverso-striolata'.  Te- 
rebra  quam  corpus  totnm  pauUulo  longior,  vaginis  nigris,  apice  albis.  Nigrum, 
pedibus  fuscis,  tibiis  ad  basin  tarsisque  exceptis  posterioribus  albatis." 

Hab. — Saskatchewan  River. 

Type. — In  the  collection  of  H.  de  Saussure. 

FfleuiiM  arcus  Couper. 
1870.     Feonus  area  Couper,  Canad.  Ent.,  vol.  ii,  p.  110. 

"Head  black,  glossy,  impunctured  ;  eyes  black,  round;  antennte  black,  two- 
eigbtbs  of  an  inch  long;  thorax  not  so  black  as  head;  the  sides  beneath  and 
between  dark  chestnut,  interspersed  with  short  fulvous  hairs;  wings  fuliginous; 
nervures  and  stigma  black;  legs  black,  hairy;  base  of  the  femora  fulvous: 
abdomen  bright  red,  with  scattered  fulvous  hairs;  ovipositor  black,  as  long  as 
the  antennae.     Length  3-8ths  inch." 

Mr.  Couper  mention.^  finding-  this  in  a  cocoon  under  the  hark  of 
a  tree. 

"On  the  8th  of  January  last,  while  searching  for  hybernating  Coleoptera  in 
the  woods  near  Ottawa,  I  had  occasion  to  strip  the  bark  of  a  decayed  ash  tree, 
under  which,  among  other  insect  store,  1  found  a  small  transparent  and  curiously 
formed  cocoon  containing  a  laiva  of  a  fly  which  was  at  that  time  unknown  to 
me.  The  cocoon  was  imbedded  in  the  bark  occupying  what  I  am  now  led  to 
believe  tlie  excavation  made  by  a  grub  of  Cerambyx  or  some  otlier  coleopterous 
bark  borer  ••■  •■■'.     The  siiape  of  the  cocoon  is  oblong  surrounded  by  a  band 

and  covered  by  a  thin  pellucid  lid,  and  the  form   resembles  a  small  coflin.     The 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  APEIL,  1908. 


lis  FAMILY    EVANIID.?^:. 

liead  of  the  insect  was  placed  at  the  small  end  and  tlie  sjiace  in  front  of  it  is 
packed  with  minute  particles  of  dust,  evidently  produced  from  the  bark  by  the 
original  occupier.     Length  of  cocoon  f  of  an  inch  "  (Couper). 

Hab. —Ottawa. 

Focniis  torridii!^  n.  sp. 

Black  and  reddish-brown,  the  pleurae  except  mesopleurai  and  the  sides  of  the 
abdomen  toward  the  ends  of  the  segments  somewhat  more  reddish;  legs  from 
base  to  knees  reddish-brown  ;  anterior  and  middle  tibise  and  tarsi,  except  brown 
spot  on  tibiae  within,  and  apex  of  metatarsus  and  remaining  tarsal  segments 
white,  posterior  tibiae  with  ring  near  base  prolonged  within,  apical  three-fourths 
of  metatarsus  and  following  two  segments  white;  head,  especially  sides  of  face, 
and  thorax  silvery  tomentose ;  wings  hyaline;  habitus  very  slender,  with  a  long 
neck. 

9. — Posterior  ocelli  on  a  line  with  the  back  of  the  compound  eyes;  occiput 
not  prolonged  behind  the  eyes,  much  tapered,  the  margin  scarcely  reflexed  ;  face 
much  narrowed  below  the  antennae,  impressed  lines  beneath  the  antennae  diverg- 
ing below,  forming  a  somewhat  elongate  triangle,  the  base  of  which  is  the 
margin  of  theclypeus;  clypeus  shallowly  emarginate ;  eyes  touching  the  poste- 
rior condyle  of  the  mandibles;  face,  vei'tex  and  cheeks  impunctate,  dully 
shining;  antennae  slightly  thickened  beyond  the  third  segment,  this  considerably 
shorter  than  the  fourth.  Neck  rather  longer  than  the  head,  minutely  trans- 
versely wrinkled.  Shouldei's  with  a  small  sharp  tooth  ;  medial  mesothoracic 
lobe  covered  with  regular,  well  separated,  moderate  punctures,  confluent  aloug 
the  parapsidal  grooves,  between  these  many  much  smaller  ones;  parai)sidal  and 
lateral  grooves  distinct;  scutellum  sculptured  similarly  to  the  medial  lobe  of  the 
mesonotum  ;  sides  lobes  of  mesonotum  with  fewer  coarse  punctures  than  the 
medial;  metapleurae  and  propodeum  coarsely  reticulate.  Posterior  coxae  minutely 
transversely  wrinkled  ;  apex  of  first  segment  of  posterior  trochanters  completely 
separated  from  the  base  by  a  transverse  suture,  so  that  the  trochanters  appear 
three-segmented.  Wings  hyaline,  with  violaceous  reflectioii ;  the  cell  Mi  trian- 
gular, almost  linear,  veins  3/:,  and  Ma,  separating  immediately  upon  separating  from 

Ml+2. 

Length  13.5  mm. ;  forewiiig  6  mm. ;  ovipositor  11.5. 

'J,  .—Similar  to  9.  t,he  punctures  somewhat  thicker  on  mesonotum  and  occa- 
sionally confluent;  spiracle  on  middle  of  sixth  dorsal  segment  large  and  con- 
spicuous. 

Hab. — Mexico. 

Types. — Collection  American  Entomological  Society. 

AULACIN.K. 

J  have  treated  the  Noith  American  species  of  this  snbf'amiJy  in  a 
previous  paper,*  and  the  present  may  he  considered  as  in  part  sup- 
plementing, in  part  revising  it. 

The  hind  coxie  of  the  males  are  normal,  but  in  the  females  are 

*  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  See,  xxvii,  p.  319. 


J.    CHESTER    BRADJ.EY.  119 

sculptured  on  the  inner  surface  with  a  groove,  at  the  base  of  whicli 
is  a  well-marked  tooth,  which  in  PammegiscJiia  and  Aulacus  is 
g'reatly  prolonged.  I  have  not  seen  Aiilacus,  but  according  to 
Kieffer's  figure,  it  is  much  less  prolonged  in  Atilaeus  than  in  Pam- 
iiiegiscliia.  These  two  genera  are  also  united  with  each  other  as 
well  as  with  Interaulacus  and  Aidacunis  by  the  absence  of  any  veins 
excej)t  Sc  +  R  -j-  M  in  the  hind  wings  (Fig.  69).  Likewise  in 
these  four  genera  the  claws  are  simple  or  at  most  with  two  teeth 
beneath  (Fig.  89).  Pammegischia  and  Aalacus  are  parasitic  on 
Xiphydria.  The  hosts  of  Aulaclnus  and  Interaulacus  are  not 
known.  All  other  genera  so  far  as  known  are  parasitic  on  the 
larv:e  of  Coleoptera.  So  that  it  seems  as  though  these  foui-  genera 
may  togethei'  form  a  distinct  tribe  in  contrast  to  the  remaining 
genera.  There  is  but  one  known  species  o^  Aulacus,  although  most 
members  of  the  subfamily  have  been  described  as  belonging  to  that 
genus. 

Deraiodonfus  Bradley  is  a  pure  synonym  of  PristuiclacKS  Kieff'er. 
In  my  former  paper  therefore  substitute  for  Deruiodontus  Bra<lley, 
Pristaulaeus  Kieffer,  and  for  Pristaiducus  Kiefier,  the  new  name 
Xeaulacus. 

The  most  generalized  wing  of  the  family  is  Aidacinus  (Fig.  67). 
Note  that  K5  is  entire;  the  base  of  M3+4  distant  from  r-m.  Cell 
M4  is  very  small — rather  a  specialization,  as  is.  also  the  loss  of 
venation  in  the  hind  wings.  But  the  simple  tarsal  claw  is  a  primi- 
tive character.  The  wing  of  Pammegischia  ouelletii  (Fig.  68)  was 
figured  to  show  the  trouble  that  may  arise  from  malformations 
if  we  do  not  exercise  care.  There  is  an  extra  cell  cut  off  from  first 
M2,  and  R3  enters  the  stigma  instead  of  being  separated  from  it 
by  r.  Both  of  these  characters  are  monstrosities.  The  left  hand 
wing  of  the  type  specimen  is  normal.  The  wing  of  Pammeqis- 
cJiia  asJaneadi  (Fig.  69)  is  typical  of  the  genus.  A  slight  advance 
is  shown  in  the  partial-loss  of  R5.  Specialization  is  also  shown  in 
the  prolongation  of  the  coxse  of  the  female.  Pammegischia  and 
Aulacus  may  together  be  considered  to  form  a  sort  of  side  branch. 
Going  back  to  Aulacvnus  we  find  Interaulacus  (Fig.  70)  the  first 
step  along  another  line,  from  which  probably  descended  the  remain- 
ing genera.  The  base  of  Ms  1  is  still  distant  from  r-m.  R5  is 
entirely  lost.  The  hind  wings  are  as  in  Pammegischia.  But  the 
claws  have  gained  a  single  tooth.     The   venation  in  the  remaining 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  APBIL,  1908. 


120 


FAMILY    EVANIID.l^:. 


genera  is  always  about  tlie  same,  and  is  illustrated  by  Odontaulacus 
editus  (Fig.  71).  The  hind  wings  are  more  generalized  than  in  the 
preceding.  In  Semenovius  they  have  two  distinct  cells.  In  the 
front  wings  the  base  of  M3  ^  4  and  r-m  are  approximate  or  joined. 
In  the  different  genera  we  have  specialization  manifesting  itself  in 
an  increase  in  the  number  of  teeth  on  the  tarsal  claws,  varying  from 
two  to  four  (Figs.  40-42). 

The  mouth-parts  are  shown  in  Figs.  24  and  25. 

The  arrangement  of  genera  in  the  following  table  I  believe  to  be 
as  nearly  natural  as  a  linear  grouping  may  be. 

TABLE   TO   THE   GENERA   OF   AULACINyE. 

1.  Posterior  wings  without  venatiou,  excejjt  E  +  M  (Fig.  69)  ;  claws  simple,  or 

with  one  or  two  teeth  (Aulacini) (2). 

Posterior  wings  with  one  or  two  closfid  cells  (Fig.  71) ;  claws  with  two  or  more 
teeth  (Figs.  40-42)  ( Prist aul.\cini) (5). 

2.  Anterior  wings  without  E5  or  with  only  a  stump  thereof ;  base  of  M3^4  not 

far  removed  from  r-m (3). 

Anterior  wings  with  R5  present  and  complete;  base  of  M-jJ^i  far  removed 

from  r-m  (Fig.  67) Aulaciiiiis  West  wood. 

(Type  AiUacus  mwrens  Westw.) 

3.  Claws  simple  (Fig.  391 ;  posterior  coxse  of  the  female  greatly  prolonged  within 

to  far  beyond  the  insertion  of  the  trochanters;  forehead  with  a  crest 
above  the  antennse;  two  distinct  pits  on  each  side  below  the  antennEe. 

Pailiniegischia  Provancher. 

(Type  F.  burqnei  Provancher.) 

Claws  with  one  or  two  teeth  beneath (4). 

4.  Claws  with  one  tooth  beneath;   posterior  coxie  of  female  much   prolonged 

within .  Aiilaciis  Jurine. 

(Type  A.  striatus  Jurine.) 
Claws  with  two  teeth  beneath;  posterior  coxse  of  female  simple;  no  frontal 
crest ;  pits  below  the  antennfe  smaller  than  in  Pammegischia  ;  anterior 
margin  of  the  prothorax  with  a  distinct  tooth  on  each  lateral  angle. 

Int«'r»ulacus  n.  gen. 
(Type  /.  kieff'eri  n.  sj).) 

5.  Anterior  wings  with  the  base  of  the  longitudinal  sector  of  the  free  part  of  M 

wanting;  the  base  of  M^4  4  far  removed  from  r-m;  claws  with  four 

teeth  beneath TropaiilaciiN  n.  gen. 

(Type  T.  torridus  n.  sp.) 
Anterior  wings  with  M  complete;  base  of  M;,  :  4  not  far  removed  from  r-m -.(6;. 

6.  Claws  with  two  teeth  ( Fig.  40) (7). 

Claws  with  three  or  more  teeth  (Figs.  41,  42) (Pristaulacus  Kicfler)  (S). 

7.  Posterior  wings  with  two  closed  cells  (Fig.  71)- .  .  ■OdontiiiiliK'iiM  Kiefl'cr. 

(Tyi>e  AiiliicHs  rufHarsis  ("resson). 

Posteror  wings  with  only  one  closed  cell iSeinciiOViiiSi  new  name 

(=  f^emenoicia  Kieffer,  preoc.)  (=^  Anaulacus  Semenow,  preoc). 

(Type  Aulacus  xibiricola  Semenow.)" 


J.    CHESTER    BRAI>LEY.  121 

8.  Claws  with  four  teeth  (Fi<;.  42) (9i. 

Claws  with  three  teeth  (Fig.  41);  anterior  border  of  the  prothorax  usually 

rounded,  not  bearing  a  tooth Subgeu.  OleisopriKter  Bradley. 

{Type  Anlaciis  firmun  Cressoii.) 

9.  Anterior  tnargin  of  prothorax  rounded,  7iot  bearing  a  tooth.  •  •  ■  XeaulaCUS 

n.  subgen.  (=  Pristaulacus  as  previously  used  by  me). 

(Type  Anlactis  occidentalis  Cresson.) 
Anterior  margin  of  the  prothorax  angled,  forming  a  distinct  spine  or  tooth. 

Subgen.  Pristaulacus  Kieflfer  {=  Deraiodontus  Bradley). 

{Type  P.  chlnpowskii  Kieffer.) 

P.4M.VIE€iIIS€HIA  Provancher. 

The  following  table  to  our  species  may  be  substituted   for   my 
previous  one. 

1.  Forehead   not  at  all  transversely   wrinkled  ;  medial    mesothoracic   lobe   not 

emarginate  anteriorly (2j. 

Forehead  transversely  wrinkled  or  reticulate 3). 

2.  Frontal  crest  distinct;  forehead   punc-tured,   more  especially   below;   second 

joint  of    the  antenna;  as  long  as  the  third.     Thorax   stained    with 
brown  ;  legs  brown  and  pallid  ;  abdomen  and  head  tawny. 

lovei  Ash  mead. 
Frontal  crest  indistinct;  forehead  polished   and   almost  impunctate;  second 
joint  of  the  antennte  two-thirds  as  long  as  the  third.     Eeddish-tawny 
all  over  except  the  apex  of  the  propodeuni  brownish. 

onelletii  Bradley. 

3.  Forehead  transversely  wrinkled,  especially  below (4). 

Forehead  coarsely  and  deeply  reticulate  all  over;  occiput  smooth  and  poli.shed. 

Black,  basal  half  of  the  abdomen  except  the  very  base  of  the  petiole 
red  ;  legs  brown,  the  tibiae  and  knees  pale astaliieadi  n.  sp. 

4.  Forehead  wrinkled,  especially  below,  the  wrinkles  uot  especially  prominent 

and  somewhat  broken,  occiput  not  distinctly  wrinkled '5l. 

Forehead  all  over  and  occiput  mesally  with  transverse,  very  prominent,  and 
little  broken  wrinkles.  Reddish-yellow  all  over,  except  the  upper 
parts  of  the  head  and  thorax,  the  propodeum  and  the  .ipex  of  the 
abdomen  black minuesotse  n.  sp. 

5.  Color  black  and  red,  the  legs  more  or  less  yellow (6). 

Tawny  all  over,  except  the  sutures  of  t'.e  thorsx  above,  or  the  entire  thorax 

and  forehead  black biirquei  Provancher. 

(J.  Legs  beyond  the  coxse,  and  the  fac'    tawny pallipes  Cresson. 

Legs  beyond  the  coxie  brown,  c.nterior  tibiae  and  tarsi  and  posterior  tarsi 
tawny xipliydrue  Ashmead. 

Painniegischia  ouellotii  Bradley. 

The  venation  shown  in   Fig.  68  is  abnormal.     The  left  wing  of 
the  type  shows  venation  similar  to  Fig.  69. 

TRANS.   AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (16)  APRIL.  190S. 


122  FAMILY    EVANIIDiE. 

Paininegi«iichia  burqiiei  Provanclier. 
Additional  localities  are  as  follows:  Anglesea,  New  Jersey;  Mor- 
gantowu,  West  Virginia,  coll.  (Dr.  A.  D.  Hopkins,  accessions  No. 
7327  Hopk.  W.  Va.,  May  1897,  from  dead  l)ranches  of  hard  maple 
infested  by  Xiphydria  albicornis).  The  two  specimens  from  West 
Virginia  have  the  thorax  and  forehead  entirely  black. 

Psiniinegiscliia  xiphydriie  Asbmead. 

A  nietatype  is  precisely  Wke  pallipes  Cresson  (type  of  weedi  Ash- 
mead)  in  size,  habitus  and  everything  except  the  greater  amount  of 
brown  on  the  legs.  I  think  this  species  must  be  the  female  of 
pallipes.  Lovei  Ashmead,  previous  to  seeing  which,  I  had  thought 
might  occupy  that  position,  is  distinct. 

In  the  type  the  ovipositor  is  broken  ;  in  the  metatype  it  is  3  mm. 
long;  the  total  length  5  mm. 

Additional  localities:  Caroline  to  Harford,  New  York,  June  15, 
1904,  Dr.  A.  D.  MacGillivray  (metatype,  in  coll.  Cornell  Univ. i. 
A  specimen  collected  b}'  Mr.  Beutenmiiller  in  the  Black  Mountains 
of  North  Carolina  probably  belongs  here  ;  Muskoka,  Ontario  (E. 
P.  Van  Duzee). 

Paiiimegiisicliia  ashmeadi  n.  sp.  (Fig.  69). 
2  . — Black  ;  first  abdominal  segnieut  except  base,  and  base  of  second  red  ;  the 
knees,  tarsi,  anterior  tibiae  and  middle  tibiae  in  front  and  at  apex  pale  yellowish  ; 
rest  of  legs  beyond  the  coxae  brown.  Frontal  crest  distinct;  forehead  deeply 
and  irregularly  reticulate;  occiput  smooth,  polished  and  impunctate  ;  medial  meso- 
thoracic  lobe  somewhat  gibbons,  with  a  shallow  eniargination  marked  laterally 
by  the  two  anterior  grooves,  which  are  distinct.  Projection  on  posterior  coxae 
longer  than  in  P.  hurqnei ;  claws  simple;  posterior  wings  without  venation,  ex- 
cept Sc  +  R  +  M.  Abdomen  short  and  stout;  ovipositor  about  7  mm.  long. 
Length  8  mm. 

Hab. — Montreal,  Quebec,  one  female. 
Type. — In  the  author's  collection. 

Paminegiscliia  uiiuiie.x>otu^  n.  sp. 

-Jj . — Reddish  tawny;  forehead,  occiput,  dorsum  and  propodeuni  black;  ajiical 
four  joints  of  the  abdomen  blackish,  rest  of  the  abdomen  red.  Forehead  witli 
several  very  prominent  well  separated  and  unbroken  transverse  wrinkles;  the 
occiput  also  with  distinct  wrinkles,  esjjecially  mesally.  Mesouotum  very  shal- 
lowly  emarginate,  the  borders  of  the  emarginations  marked  by  the  anterior 
grooves.     Posterior  wings  without  veins  ;  claws  simple.     Length  7  mm. 

Hab. — Lake  Verniillion,  northern  Minnesota,  O.  linger. 

Type.—\].  S.  Nat.  Mus. 


J.    CHESTKK    BKADLKY.  128 

INTERAUI.ACIIS  n.  gen. 

Txjpe. — /.  kiefferi  n.  sp. 

Tills  genus  is  a  sort  of  connecting  link  between  the  Auiacini  aiul 
tlie  Pristaulacini.  Tlie  genus  is  entirely  South  American  so  far  as 
I  know.  Besides  the  type,  Prutanlacus  catidatus  and  P.  tricolor 
Szepligeti,  and  perhaps  P.  luvviorrhoidellus  Westwood  belong  to 
this  genus,  as  doubtless  do  other  described  species. 

Iiiteraulacus  kiefferi  n.  sp. 

9- — Black;  four  anterior  kuees  and  base  of  tarsi,  base  of  posterior  tarsi  and 
middle  of  the  vaginre  white;  anterior  tibiae  brown.  Forehead  and  occiput 
with  well-separated  round  deep  punctures,  rather  regularly  scattered  over  the 
surface;  temples  more  finely  and  closely  punctured  ;  posterior  ocelli  nearer  the 
compound  eyes  than  each  other;  basal  four  antennal  segments  in  the  proportion 
of  3-3-.5-10.  Medial  mesothoracic  lobe  gibbous,  deeply  emarginate,  the  sides 
very  acute  in  front,  strongly  transversely  carinate.  Posterior  metatar.sus  one- 
third  longer  than  the  remaining  joints  together;  wings  hyaline,  except  the 
apical  margin  is  fu.^cous.  Petiole  long  and  slender;  abdomen  slender;  ovijiositor 
12  mm.  long.     Length  10  mm. 

Hub. — Brazil. 

Type  and  two  paratypes  in  the  collection  of  Cornell  University. 

SKMEXOVIUS  n.  nom. 
=  Anaidacus  Semenov,  ncc.  MacLeay  (Coleop.,  1825). 
=  Semenovia  Kieffer,  tiec  Weise  (Coleop.,  1889). 

Type. — Anaiilaevs  sibiricola  Semenov. 

Kieffer  erects  Semenovia''^  without  mentioning  any  species,  but 
doubtless  intended  to  replace  Anaulacvs  Semenov,  as  the  characters 
given  apply  to  that  genus.  Unfortunately  Semeiiovia  is  itself  pre- 
occupied, and  another  change  becomes  necessary. 

OnOXTAlILAC'lTS   Kiefler. 

Type. — Aulacus  rufitdr.ns  Cresson. 

Semenov  was  correct  in  allying  Aulacus  ruJitar.Hls  Cresson  with 
Anaidacus  Semenov.  But  Kieffer  distinguishes  them  by  the  vena- 
tion of  the  hind  wings,  erecting  Odontaulaciis  for  Aulacus  vrhior 
Cre.s.son  and  A.  rufitarsis  Cresson,  neither  being  mentioned  as  type. 
We  may  call  rufitarsis  type,  as  that  is  the  more  distinct  and  common 
of  the  two. 

In  my  former  paper  I  suppressed  Aulacus  editus,  abdominal  is  and 
bilobatus.   Since, then  I  have  examined  some  hundreds  of  specimens, 

■■  Spec.  Hym.  d'  Eur.  (Andre),  vii,  bis.  p.  382. 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  X.XXIV.  APRIL.  1908. 


124  FAMILY    KVANIID^. 

and  have  concluded  that  they  may  be  recognized.  Although  closely 
related  and  apparently  intergrading,  certain  specimens  being  of 
questionable  identity,  they  may  for  the  most  part  be  separated  by 
the  following  table.  Rufitarsis,  editus,  and  minor  are  western, 
abdominalis  and  bilobatus  eastern.  Both  east  and  west  they  seem 
to  be  the  commonest  species  of  the  subfamily,  especially  editus  and 
rufitarsis  in  the  west. 

1.  Abdomen  with  the  apical  half  black (2). 

Abdomen  red,  the  very  apex  occasionally  dusky  or  black (4). 

2.  Posterior  femora  and  tibise  dark  brown  ;  abdomen  with  the  second  and  the 

apex  of  the  first  segments  dull  claret-red  ;  wings  clear  hyaline.     Hab. 

Canada  to  Virginia bilobatus  Provancher,  ^  ,  9  • 

Legs  black,  except  tarsi  are  yellowish  ;  abdomen  more  of  a  brick-red  ;  wings 

stained  smoky.     Hab. — Eocky  Mountains  and  west. 

riifitari^is  Cresson,  % . 
Legs  red  or  yellowish  ;  abdomen  brick-red  or  yellowish.     Hab. — Washington 

and  Nevada (3). 

3.  Legs  obscurely  yellowish  or  rufous;  posterior  tibise  and  tarsi  brown;  species 

slender Iiliiioi*  Cresson,  'J, ,  9  • 

Legs  all  yellowish  ;  species  more  robust edit  MS  Cresson.  %  . 

4.  Legs  all  black,  except  posterior  tarsi.     Hab. — Colorado. 

riifilarsis  Cresson,   ?. 
Legs,  at  least  four  anterior  pairs,  rufous (5). 

5.  Posterior  femora  black  or  dark  brown.     Hab. — Canada  and  New  England. 

abdominalis  Cresson,  9- 
Posterior  femora  and  sometimes  tibise  red  ;  wings  often  smoky,  with  violaceous 
reflection.     Hab. — Nevada  and  California  to  British  Columbia. 

edit  IIS  Cresson,  9  • 

Odontaulacus  editus  Cresson  (Fig.  24). 
Nevada;   Washington   (Easton,    T.   Kincaid ;    Blue  Mountains, 
July  15,  '96,  coll.  C.  V.  Piper)  ;  California  (Santa  Cruz  Mountains); 
British  Columbia  (Revelstoke,  Selkirk  Mountains,  26  spec,  collected 
by  the  author,  July  8,  '05. 

Odoiitaulaeus  rufitar.sis  Cresson. 
Colorado  ;  Washington  (Easton,  T.  Kincaid), 

Odontaiilaciis  abdominalis  Cresson. 
Georgia;  Canada;  New  Hampshire  (Webster,  coll.  W.  F.  Fiske). 

Odoiitaulaciis  bilobatus  Provancher  (Fig.  25). 
Canada  (Terrebonne,  P.  Q.,  July  20,  1901,  coll.  C.  J.  Oueliet)  ; 
West  Virginia  (Dr.  A.  1).  Hopkins). 


J.    CHESTKK    BRADLEY.  125 

TROPAUl.A€US  n.  gen. 
Head  quadrate;  a  distinct  pit  below  the  antenuse  on  each  side; 
clypeus  nuicron ate,  separated  by  a  suture  from  the  face;  anteunse 
14-segmented,  the  last  segment  flattened,  obtusely  truncate,  concave 
above.  Mesouotuni  forming  a  part  of  both  cephalic  and  dorsal 
walls  of  the  thorax,  so  that  the  insect  appears  slightly  hump-backed, 
but  the  medial  lol)e  not  very  gibbous ;  pronotum  without  teeth  on 
the  anterior  margin.  In  the  front  wings  the  base  of  the  longitudi- 
nal sector  of  the  free  part  of  M  is  wanting,  as  in  most  Ichneumoni- 
da%  l)ut  represented  by  a  stump  of  a  vein,  the  cells  R  -f  1st  Ri  and 
M4  being  thus  partly  united  ;  the  free  part  of  M3+4  separating  a 
greater  distance  than  its  own  length  basad  of  the  posterior  end  of 
the  radio-medial  cross  vein  ;  the  position  of  R5  indicate  by  a  bulla, 
and  a  trace  of  a  stump  where  it  formerly  joined  Mi,  which  is  some- 
what angled  at  that  spot;  hind  wings  with  all  veins  obsolescent 
except  M  and  Mi+2  and  R5  +  Mi  and  R4+5H-Mi.  Claws  with 
four  distinct  teeth  beneath,  and  sometimes  a  scarcely  defined  fifth. 

Tropaiilacus  torridus  n.  sp. 

9. — Brown;  the  antenuse  except  pedicel  and  first  and  last  four  segments  of 
tlie  tlagellum,  entire  head  except  spot  below  ocelli,  legs  except  the  cosse,  tro- 
chanters, and  middle  of  the  femora  of  the  posterior  pair,  petiole  and  vaginse  ex- 
cept apex  yellow  ;  tip  of  mandibles,  apex  of  the  antennae  and  of  the  vaginje  black. 
Anterior  half  of  front  wings  and  apex  deep  brown,  rest  yellowish-hyaline  except 
the  margin,  somewhat  smoky  ;  entire  body  clothed  with  short  yellow  pubescence. 

Head  from  above  quadrate,  the  ocelli  considerably  forward  of  a  line  con- 
necting the  posterior  margins  of  the  compound  eyes;  clypeus  mucronate,  a  deep 
pit  below  each  antenna  ;  compound  eyes  removed  from  the  base  of  the  mandibles 
by  more  than  the  length  of  the  pedicel ;  head  impunctate.  weakly  shining;  first 
three  segments  of  the  flagellum  in  the  proportions  of  3-4.5-4.1 ;  flagellum  beyond 
the  first  segment  covered  with  rows  of  whitish  scales.  Mesonotum  scarcely 
giblious,  mesally  emarginate,  transversely  rugose,  the  parapsidal  grooves  distinct, 
scutellum  with  wrinkles  concentric  around  its  apex  ;  propodeum  reticulate;  poste- 
rior coxae  weakly  wrinkled.  Triangular  spot  at  apex  of  Cui,  all  of  M3,  first  and 
second  M2,  M^  caudal  tliird  of  E5  half  of  Ej  and  two-thirds  of  E3,  yellowish 
liyaline,  the  margin  of  M  ^  and  second  M  2  stained  somewhat  smoky  ;  rest  of  front 
wing  deep  brown,  posterior  wings  yellowish  hyaline,  a  faintly  brownish  mark 
along  the  upper  and  outer  border,  Cu  and  Cuj  obsolescent,  transverse  sector  of 
the  free  part  of  M  somewhat  so.  Abdomen  short,  clavate,  petiole  distinct. 
Length  10.5  mm. ;  antennae  7  mm. ;  front  wing  9  mm. ;  ovipositor  7  mm. 

One  female,  Brownsville,  Texas,  June,  coll.  Univ.  of  Kansas. 

By  its  peculiarly  marked  wings  this  species  is  very  diflerent  in 
appearance  from  any  other  of  our  nearctic  Aulaciujc,  indeed,  coming 
as  it  does  from  Brownsville,  in  the  extreme  south  end  of  the  exten- 

TBANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  APKIL.  1908. 


126  FAMILY    EVANIID^. 

sion  of  the  tropical  region  into  Texas,  may  be  considered  as  a  fund- 
amentally neotropical  species,  an  affinity  further  corroborated  by  it? 
coloring. 

I  am  indebted  to  Mr.  Henry  L.  Viereck  for  permission  to  study 
and  describe  this  form. 

PRISTAUL,ACUS  Kieffer. 
I  think  it  will  be  best  to  group  Oleisoprister,  Neaulaeus  and  Fris- 
taulacus  sen.  str.  together  as  subgenera  of  Kieffer's  Pristaulaciis 

Pristaiilacii!^  (Oleisoprister)  deiitatus  n.  sp. 

%  . — Black  ;  tarsi  brown  ,  apical  half  of  petiole  (more  ventrally)  and  basal  two- 
thirds  of  second  segment  red.  Head  smooth  and  polished  with  only  fine  setig- 
erous  punctures.  Medial  mesothoracic  lobe  somewhat  gibbous,  shallowly  emar- 
ginate  ;  prothorax  with  a  slight  blunt  irregular  tooth  on  the  antero-lateral  angle. 
Posterior  metatarsus  one-eighth  longer  than  the  remaining  joints  together,  three 
times  as  long  as  the  second  joint;  wings  hyaline,  except  a  large  fuscous  spot 
beneath  the  stigma.     Petiole  distinct  but  short.     Length  9  mm. 

The  tooth  on  the  lateral  angles  of  the  prothorax  will  distinguish  this  species 
from  all  others. 

Hah. — Orm.sby  County,  Nevada,  C.  F.  Baker. 
Type. — In  tlie  coll.  C.  F.  Baker,  Para,  Brazil. 

Pristaiilacus  (Oleisoprister)  firiniis  Cresson. 
The  only  example  that  I  have  seen  besides  the  unique  type  is  a 
female  sent  me  by  Prof.  C.  V.  Piper  from  Mt.  Rainier,  Washington. 

Pristaulacus  (Oleisoprister)  resutoriTorus  Westwood. 
Olympia,  Washington,  one  female. 

Pristaulacus  (Oleisoprister)  abbottii  Westwood. 
Washington,  D.  C. ;  Marquette,  Michigan,  April  7th. 

I'ristaulacus  (Oleisoprister)  stigniaterus  Cresson. 
Missouri ;  Norton's  Landing,  Cayuga  Lake,  New  York,  June  21st. 

NE4lIIiA€lJS  n.  subgen. 
Type. — Aulacus  oceiclentalis  Cresson. 

Coextensive  with  Pristaulacus  as  used  in  my  i'oi-mer  paper. 
Pristaulacus  flavipes  Kieffer,  Arkiv.  f.  Zool.,  I,  p.  559,  probably 
belongs  here. 

Pristaulacus  (IVeauIacus)  occidenlalis  Cresson. 
Blue  Mountains,  Washington,  July  ir)ih,  tiiree  males,  one  female  ; 
Beulah,  New  Mexico,  coll.  Viereck  ;   Idaho. 


J.    CHESTER    BRADLEY. 


127 


Prislaulacus«  (^I'eaiilacus)  nielleus  Cresson. 

Corvallis,  Oregon,  July  21st. 

Pri»$laula<-ii!<i  (Xeaulaciis)  paoificu$«  Cressou. 

Corvalli.s,  Oregon,  July   15tli. 

PriMlaiilaciiK  (Xeaiilacus)  fa»«ciatiis  Say. 

Michigan,  coll.  Townsend  ;  Cadet,  Missouri,  coll.  J.  C.  Earlow  ; 

Pennsylvania  (two  specimens  in  coll.  A.  E.  S.)  ;  Marion  County, 

Arkansas  (J.  C.  Bridweli). 

PRISTAULACUS  Kieffer. 

Type. — Pridaulacm  chlapoicskii  Kietfer. 

Embraces  those  species  included  under  Deraiodoiitvs  in  my  former 

l)aper. 

TABLE  TO  THE  SPECIES  OF  PRLSTAULACUS. 

L  Wings  dark  violaceous.     Black,  except  more  or  less  of  the  legs,  and  in  the 
male  the  apical  half  of  the  autennse  are  yellow. .violacens  Bradley. 
Wings  hyaline  or  slightly  clouded,  sometimes  with  fuscous  spots  and  a  viola- 
ceous reflection (2). 

2.  Ultimate  tooth  on  the  tarsal  claw  beneath  shorter  than  the  penultimate:  me- 

dial mesothoracic  lobe  gibbous  and  emarginate.     Black;  apex  of  the 

petiole  aud  legs  beyond  coxae  red liopkiiisi  n.  sp. 

Ultimate  tooth  on  the  tarsal  claw  longer  than  the  penultimate  (Fig.  42).-  .(3). 

3.  Medial  mesothoracic  lobe  strongly  gibbous (4). 

Medial  mesothoracic  lobe  not  strongly  gibbous (5). 

4.  Wings  hyaline,  without  violaceous  reflection.    Abdomen  black,  except  the  first 

ventral  segment  sometimes  dull  rufous ...  -iiiger  Shuckard. 

Wings  of  the  female  showing  strong  violaceous  reflection  ;  mesopleurge  shal- 
lowly  punctured,  wrinkled  above.  Abdomen  rufous,  marked  with 
black nioiitana!^  Cresson. 

5.  Wings   showing  strong   violaceous    reflection    in    the   female;  much  fuscous 

present  in  the  basal  portion,  paler  in  the  male;  mesopleur^e  deeply 
irregularly  reticulated  ;  ])etiole  short.     Legs  black. 

fuscalatufs  Bradley. 

Wings  without  violaceous  reflection,  or  more  than  a  trace  of  fuscous  in  the 

basal  portion  ;  petiole  long ;  legs  flavous  •  •  •  •  flavicruriis  Biadley. 

Pri$«tauIaciiN  violaceus  Bradley,  Zeits.  f.  Hym.  u.  Dipt.,  v,  p.  26. 

This  species  may  be  distinguished  from  the  others  by  the  dark 

violaceous  wings. 

Pristaiilacus  lioi>kin!>»ii  n.  sp. 

9. — Black;  apex  of  petiole  and  legs  beyond  the  coxa;  uniform  dull  red.  Has 
the  ultimate  tooth  on  the  tarsal  claw  shorter  than  the  penultimate.  Closely  re- 
sembles Oleifoprister  refudorivoruft  Westwood,  but  has  the  middle  lobe  of  the  meso- 
notuni  gibbous  and  emarginate  much  more  than  in  that  species.  Margin  of  pro- 
notum  has  a  sharp  tooth. 

TR.\NS.   AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  APRIL.  1908. 


128  FAMILY    EVANIID.E. 

i/«6.— Kirbyville,  Texas,  November  11,  '02,  Dr.  A.  D.  Hopkin,<. 

Type  and  one  paratype,  accessions  No.  1231d  Hopkins,  U.  S., 
deposited  in  the  author's  collection  ;  another  paratype  in  C(jllection 
Ainer.  Ent.  Soc 

Pristaulacus   iiiger  Shuckard. 

Lake  Pleasant,  New  York,  July  20,  '87  ;  Albany,  New  York, 
September  21,  1900;  Joliette,  P.  Q.,  Can.,  July  24,  C.  J.  Ouellet. 

Prisfaiilacus   inontaiius  Cresson. 
From  the  Santa  Cruz  Mountains,  California. 

Fristaiilacns  f'liscalafus  Bradley. 
%. — Last  four  segments  of  abdomeD  black;  wings  witbout  violaceous  reflec- 
tion, the  fuscous  bands  present  but  paler,  especially  the  basal  ones. 

Claremont,  California,  C.  F.  Baker;  Los  Angeles  County,  Cali- 
fornia (metatype,  9  )• 

Pristaiilacn!^  navicriirus  Bradley. 
The  U.  S.  National  Museum  collection  contains  a  metatype  from 
Agric.  Coll.,  Michigan  ;  Keene  Valley,  Essex  County,  New  York, 
July  24,  1890,  collection  New  York  State  Museum. 

EV  ANTING. 

1887,  Evaniiufe,  Cameron,  Biol.  Ceutr.  Anier.,  p.  422. 

The  prevalent  color  is  black,  and  this  is  sometimes  varied  with 
red,  less  often  with  yellow  and  sometimes  a  little  white  on  the 
legs  or  antennae.  The  head,  body  and  legs  are  covered  with  a  short 
yellowish  or  whitish  pubescence,  sometimes  thick  enough  to  obscure 
the  sculpture,  especially  on  the  metaveuter,  producing  on  the  sides, 
head  and  propodeum  of  some  species  a  bright  sflvery  sheen. 

The  head  is  transverse  to  tranverse-quadrate,  very  different  from 
the  head  of  either  of  the  other  two  subfamilies;  it  is  most  like  that 
of  Aulacinse,  but  when  seen  from  the  side  is  less  convex  in  front,  and 
pointed  or  attenuated  above  instead  of  rounded  ;  in  the  Foeninae  the 
head  is  long,  oval,  and  so  attached  as  to  normally  throw  the  face  in 
plane  with  the  dorsum  ;  in  Evaniinie  the  face  is  always  at  right  angles 
to  the  plane  of  the  dorsum.  Posteriorly  the  entire  head  is  concave, 
usually  deeply  so,  and  the  rim  where  the  concave  posterior  part 
meets  the  convex  anterior  is  usually  accentuated  by  a  little  ridge 
marking  what  I  have  called  the  [)osterior  angle  of  the  occiput  and 
temples;  in  the  Aulaeinse  it  is  somewhat  similar,  but  in  the  P^(onina' 


J.    CHESTER    BRADLEY.  1 2l> 

the  posterior  concavity  is  reduced  to  a  small  cup  like  pit  in  which 
the  neck  is  inserted,  and  the  rest  of  the  posterior  (in  this  case  lower) 
portion  is  convex  and  not  separated  from  the  temples.  Seen  from 
above,  that  is  looking  squarely  down  on  the  vertex  (Figs.  10,  13  and 
15),  the  head  of  Evaniinte  is  transverse  to  almost  transverse  quad- 
rate and  shows  a  varying  distance  between  the  eyes  and  the  poste- 
rior margin  of  the  occiput.  The  sides  may  be  inflated,  square  or 
rounded  behind  the  eyes.  The  ocelli  are  three  in  number;  the 
anterior  one  sometimes  somewhat  transverse.  Whether  or  not  the 
posterior  ones  are  nearer  to  each  other  or  to  the  compound  eyes  is  a 
character  of  specific  value.  The  eyes  from  this  view  may  be  promi- 
nent or  not.  The  profile  of  the  head  varies  in  shape  (Figs.  9,  14, 
16  and  17).  It  is  nearly  always  broadest  below  the  middle,  and 
narrowed,  even  bluntly  pointed  at  the  vertex.  The  forehead  may 
be  plain  or  convex.  The  eye  is  always  more  or  less  .slanting,  mak- 
ing the  temples  broadest  below,  and  it  is  of  varying  length,  extend- 
ing in  Evaniella  calif ornica  (Fig.  9)  scarcely  below  the  insertion  of 
the  antennae,  but  usually  much  below  this,  never,  however,  very 
closely  approaching  the  mandibles.  From  in  front  the  head  varies 
from  round  to  nearly  triangular,  or  may  be  somewhat  oblong,  as  in 
Acanthinevania  jyrinceps  and  A.  longigena,  etc.  The  eyes  from  this 
position  may  or  may  not  be  prominent;  their  inner  margins  are 
parallel,  or  somewhat  converging.  The  mandibles  have  one  or 
more  blunt  lobes  within.  The  clypeus  is  usually  mucronate  or 
obtusely  pointed,  not  separated  from  the  face  above,  but  sometimes 
set  off  laterally  by  a  short  groove  ;  together  with  the  face  it  is  often 
swollen  or  broadly  convex.  There  may  be  a  longitudinal  carina  in 
the  middle  of  the  face  and  one  on  each  side,  and  frequently  in 
in  Evaniini  a  short  longitudinal  interantennal  carina.  The  an- 
tennse  (Figs.  55  and  59)  are  situated  at  varying  distances  apai't, 
usually  about  the  height  of  the  middle  of  the  eyes,  but  sometimes  as 
low  as  the  base,  depending  more  on  the  length  of  the  eves  than 
difference  in  the  actual  position  of  the  antenna).  The  scape  in 
Evaniinte  and  at  least  sometimes  in  Hyptiini  is  much  longer  in  the 
female  than  in  the  male.  The  second  joint  is  ordinarily  very  short, 
sometimes  not  so,  and  this  I  have  always  called  the  pedicel.  1  have 
counted  the  flagellum  as  beginning  with  the  third  joint,  the  rela- 
tions of  which  to  the  fourth  are  of  specific  value.  There  are  thir- 
teen joints  altogether  in  each  sex.      In  the  female  the  flagellum   is 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  80C.  XXXIV.  (17)  APKIL.  1908. 


]30  FAMILY    EVANIID^. 

sometimes  thickened,  [)articularly  in  Semwomyia,  where  it  is  strongly 
incrassated  beyond  the  middle,  see  Fig.  55.  The  forehead  is  more 
or  less  convex  in  Hyptiini,  but  in  Evaniinse  it  is  concave,  forming 
a  distinct  basin  in  which  the  two  antennae  are  inserted,  and  this  is 
bordered  below  and  usually  laterally  by  a  distinct  carina  or  rim. 

I  have  studied  the  mouth-parts  from  glycerine  mounts  of  all  the 
genera  but  two  (PI.  VIII),  and  find  that  the  maxillary  palpi  are 
5  jointed,  the  palpiger  distinct,  and  the  labial  palpi  usually  4-jointed, 
in  Hyptia  3  jointed  (Fig.  37).  In  Evania  and  especially  in  Hyptia 
the  third  joint  of  the  labial  palpi  is  strongly  inflated,  and  sub-tri 
angular  (Figs.  28  and  29) ;  the  labium  in  Evania  is  broadly  oval, 
highly  chitinized  and  conceals  the  rather  short  ligula;  this  is  also 
true  in  Hyptia,  but  in  that  genus  the  labium  is  broader,  rather  pear- 
shaped  ;  in  Acanthinevania  (Figs.  26)  it  consists  of  two  narrow 
chitinized  plates,  which  do  not  conceal  the  long  lingula ;  in  Evani- 
ella  (Fig.  35)  the  arrangement  is  similar,  but  the  labium  is  a  little 
broader;  in  Szepligetella  the  ligula  is  long,  but  the  labium  broad 
as  in  Evania. 

The  neck  is  short,  shorter  than  in  Aulacinse  and  much  shorter 
than  in  Foeninse,  so  that  the  head  normally  covers  the  collar  or  pro- 
notum  (Fig.  18).  If  we  remove  the  head  and  look  at  the  thorax 
from  in  front  (Fig.  19),  we  will  see  the  pronotum  as  an  irregular 
transverse  piece  forming  the  upper  and  side  margin  of  the  cavity 
vacuated  by  the  neck,  extending  down  laterally  in  a  narrow  point 
almost  to  the  coxae  (Fig.  19).  The  upper  margin  is  more  or  less 
arcuate,  sometimes  nearly  straight  and  extends  back  below  the 
raesonotum  to  the  tegulse.  The  shoulders,  spoken  of  as  the  humeral 
angles  (Fig.  19),  may  be  entirely  rounded,  or  sharply  angled,  and 
this  character  is  very  useful  in  classification.  Below  the  cavity  of 
the  neck,  and  somewhat  depressed,  are  two  oval  sclerites,  which  rep- 
resent the  propleurie  (Fig.  19),  and  adjoin  the  procoxa)  below;  the 
latter  are  in  juxtaposition  (Fig.  19). 

If  we  examine  the  dorsum  from  above  we  will  .see  the  mesonotum 
as  a  large  piece,  rounded  in  front  and  extending  backward  to  behind 
the  anterior  wings,  where  a  straight  transverse  suture  separates  it 
from  the  scutellum.  The  latter  is  indistinct  in  North  American 
Hyptiae,  so  that  the  mesonotum  and  scutellum  superficially  aj)pear 
as  one  piece.  The  mesonotum  is  of  varying  degrees  of  convexity, 
but  never  gibbous,  as  in   Aulacinie.       The    maximum    number    of 


J.    CHESTER    BRADLEY.  131 

gj'ooves  on  it  are  as  follows :  a  regularh'  curved  groove  on  each  side 
extending  from  the  posterior  to  the  anterior  margins,  spoken  of  as 
the  parapsidal  groove:  a  short  longitudinal  groove  on  each  side 
between  these  and  the  tegulfe,  called  the  lateral  grooves :  and  two 
very  short  grooves  in  the  middle  extending  backwards  from  the 
anterior  margin,  called  the  anterior  grooves.  These  are  all  present 
in  E.  appendiyaster,  and  form  good  characters  for  separating  species. 
The  mesopleurse  (Fig.  18)  are  oblique  rhomboidal  sclerites,  partially 
separated  from  the  mesoventer  only  by  an  obscure  groove.  An 
oblique  sulcus  traverses  it  in  which  the  femora  of  the  middle  legs 
may  be  fitted,  when  drawn  up,  and  which  together  with  the  poste- 
rior part  is  highly  polished  in  Hyptia.  Anterior  to  this  sulcus  the 
sclerite  is  rounded  out  and  full,  forming  what  I  have  called  the 
anterior  swelling.  The  entire  venter  is  usually  more  finely  punc- 
tured than  the  other  sclerites.  The  middle  coxse  occasionally  are 
placed  far  posteriorly,  thus  prolonging  the  mesoventer;  the  latter  is 
mesally  divided  by  a  longitudinal  suture,  and  ends  between  the  coxse 
in  a  l)ifurcate  process  or  furcula.  The  middle  coxae  are  placed 
wider  apart  tlian  tlie  posterior,  but  the  ratio  of  the  two  distances 
varies  in  ditterent  species.  The  metaventer  is  similar,  but  undivided 
from  tlie  metapleurte,  and  without  a  medial  sinus.  The  posterior 
coxae  are  more  or  less  closely  placed,  and  the  furcula  in  which  the 
metaventer  ends  is  of  primary  specific  importance;  the  lobes  or 
tynes  may  be  mere  knobs  (as  generally  in  Hi/ptia'),  or  may  be  elon- 
gate, parallel  (Fig.  64)  or  divergent  (Fig.  6H)  processes.  The 
metapleura  (Fig.  18)  is  roughly  triangular,  with  its  apex  beneath 
the  posterior  wings;  it  is  often  not  separated  posteriorly  from  the 
propodeum.  The  scutellum  is  a  large  nearly  quadrate  piece. 
Directly  behind  it  and  sunk  in  a  deep  depression,  forming  scarcely 
more  than  a  transverse  line,  is  a  sclerite  tiiat  I  have  called  the 
metanotuni,  although  it  may  be  the  postscutellum  (Figs.  62  and  63). 
If  looked  at  from  the  side  tliis  sclei'ite  seems  to  form  the  bottom  of 
a  narrow  groove,  which,  in  Evaniime,  has  very  steep  walls,  in  Hyp- 
tiini  these  walls  are  more  sloping,  a  difierence  illustrated  by  Figs. 
62  and  63. 

The  distance  from  the  nietanotum  to  the  insertion  of  the  petiole 
varies,  but  is  approximately  and  on  the  average  a  little  less  than 
the  length  of  the  petiole,  and  about  the  lenglli  of  the  scutellum  ; 
behind  this  the  propodeum  is  produced  a  short  distance  and   then 

TRANS.   AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  APRIL.  1908. 


132  FAMILY    EVANIID^. 

slopes  off  more  or  less  abruptly  into  the  posterior  face  or  truncature. 
which  may  be  flat,  convex  or  concave,  with  a  niesal  angle.  The 
propodeum  is  almost  always  reticulate,  except  above  the  petiole, 
where  it  may  be  punctured  or  rugose.  In  the  genus  Hyptia  the 
shape  of  the  reticulations  on  the  sides  just  behind  and  perhaps 
extending  over  the  metapleura?  is  of  prime  specific  importance 
(Pi.  V). 

The  abdomen  in  the  female  Evaniini  is  about  the  shape  of  an 
isosceles  triangle,  base  uppermost,  and  the  outer  angle  with  the 
pygidium  produced  into  a  point  from  which  the  ovipositor  may  be 
exserted  (Fig.  18).  In  the  male  it  is  narrowly  oval.  Always  in 
Hyptia  and  usually  in  all  Hyptiini  the  abdomen  of  the  male  and 
female  are  alike,  round  and  without  any  visible  sign  of  ovipositor  ; 
often  it  is  impossible  to  distinguish  the  sexes.  In  both  tribes  the 
petiole  is  long,  flattened  below,  and  often  striate  or  punctured,  espe- 
cially on  the  sides ;  it  is  not  enlarged  apically  and  is  distinctly  sep- 
arated from  the  rest  of  the  abdomen.  The  abdomen  proper  is 
highly  chitinized  ;  in  every  species  I  have  seen,  smooth,  black  and 
polished  ;  it  is  very  strongly  compressed  ;  the  ventral  segments  only 
narrowly  exposed  ;  these  also  chitinized  and  forming  a  sharp  mesal 
keel  at  the  lower  edge  of  the  abdomen.  The  ovipositor  is  never 
exserted. 

The  posterior  coxse  are  grooved  above  for  the  reception  of  the 
femora.  In  all  genera  except  Hyptia,  and  probably  Evaniellus, 
the  posterior  legs  are  very  elongate  (Fig.  60)  ;  in  the  former  genus 
they  are  only  the  length  of  the  body,  and  the  posterior  tibi?e  are 
distinctly  thickened  at  theii'  apex  (Fig.  61).  In  two  genera  the 
[Misterior  legs  bear  numerous  sti'ong  spines  in  rows;  also  in  Hyptia 
there  are  rows  of  very  minute  spines,  visible  only  with  favorable 
light  and  under  a  strong  lens,  or  more  distinct  in  one  species.  The 
posterior  tibise  are  armed  with  two  long  spurs,  and  the  propoi'tion  of 
tlie  longer  of  these  to  the  metatarsus  (first  tarsal  joint)  is  of  specific 
importance.  Tlie  proportion  of  the  metatarsus  to  tlie  following 
joints  is  also  important,  but  is  nearly  fixed  in  Jfyptl((.  In  all  genei'a 
thei-e  is  a  distinct  tooth  within  the  tarsal  claw  (Figs.  44-54),  and 
the  shape  and  position  of  this  and  its  angle  with  the  outer  ray  is  of 
specific  value  in  some  genera,  but  nearly  constant  in  Hyptia.  Some- 
times as  in  Zeuxevania.  (Fig.  50)  and  Sema'omyia,  (Fig.  51 )  the  claw 
is  l)ifi(l,  and  the  inner  ray  much  stouter  and  longer  than  the  outer. 


J.    CHESTKK    BKADI>KY.  133 

Tlie  wings  of  the  subfamily  are  of  special  interest,  inasmuch  as 
we  find  in  them  a  very  complete  series  showing  specialization  by 
atrophy,  from  the  condition  found  in  Evania  as  the  most  generalized 
to  that  found  in  Evaniellus  at  the  other  end  of  the  group.  The  wing 
of  Evania  appendigaster  (Fig.  76)  is  as  generalized  as  any  I  know 
of  in  the  subfamily,  with  the  exception  of  a  few  which  show  Rj 
more  distinctly  (see  Fig,  75).  C  and  Sc  +  R  +  M  are  separated  as 
in  Aulacinse  and  Gasteruptioninse,  forming  a  distinct  cell  C;  R3 
after  separating  from  R4  bends  either  obtusely  or  acutely  or  at  right 
angles  upward,  and  reaches  the  margin  from  one-third  to  two-thirds 
the  distance  from  the  stigma  to  the  apex,  but  the  angle  at  which  it 
bends  seems  not  to  be  entirely  constant  within  a  species.  As  has 
been  stated  R4  is  present  in  the  most  generalized  type  (Fig.  75),  but 
it  is  always  partly  atrophied,  and  usually  there  is  only  a  stump  or 
no  trace  at  all  of  it  left.  R5  is  never  present.  M  separates  from  R 
within  or  close  to  the  stigma,  running  almost  backward  till  it 
reaches  m-cu  when  it  turns  at  right  angles;  m-cu  is  thus  very  long, 
and  the  cell  R  -f-  1st  Ri  is  diamond  shaped.  But  in  Zeuxevania 
(Figs.  80-81)  M  separates  from  Sc  +  R  about  two  thirds  of  the 
way  from  the  base  of  the  wing  to  the  stigma,  or  the  base  of  M  is 
entirely  wanting,  if  present  it  runs  backward  a  short  distance  and 
joins  m-cu,  this  vein  being  much  shorter  than  in  Evania,  and  con- 
tinuing in  an  unbroken  curve  with  the  longitudinal  part  of  M. 
After  R4  the  next  vein  to  become  atrophie<l  is  Mi^o  'iu<l  Mi  at  its 
base,  and  later  along  its  whole  length  together  with  m  and  the  longi- 
tudinal part  of  M2  (Figs.  76-80).  A  trace  of  tliese  may  generally 
be  seen  except  in  Evaniellus,  Hyptia,  Semceodogader  and  Semceo- 
myia  (Figs.  84-87) ;  in  Evaniscus  (Fig.  82)  the  longitudinal  part  of 
the  base  of  M  (from  m  cu  to  separation  of  M3-1-4)  is  lost;  Zeuxevania 
(Figs.  80  and  81),  which  has  been  described,  seems  to  be  the  next 
modification,  and  along  a  diflferent  line,  the  only  instance  which 
involves  modification  of  the  position  rather  than  atrophy  of  the 
nervures.  In  Sema^odogaster  and  Semceomyia  Rg,  all  of  INI  beyond 
m  cu  except  a  longitudinal  vein  representing  a  portion  of  M4  and 
Ms,  and  except  M4^,Cui,  and  M4+CU1  +  1st  -|-  2nd  -f  3rd  A  are 
lost;  so  that  we  have  only  three  closed  cells  left,  namely  C,  ^I  and 
Cu  +  Cui;  the  next  step  is  in  Hyptia  (Fig.  86),  where  only  C,  Sc 
-j-  R  -f  M,  the  stigma,  a  trace  of  R  and  Rg,  Cu  and  ^Ii  remain. 
The  forewings  are  also  broader  than   in   the  other  genera,  except 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  APRIL.  1908. 


134  FAMILY    EVANIID^. 

Semceodogaster.  The  climax  of  the  series  is  reached  in  Evanielhis 
(Fig.  87),  where  only  G,  So  +  R  +  M  and  the  stigma  remain.  This 
genus  is  at  the  summit  of  the  family  so  far  as  the  specialization  of 
its  wings  is  concerned.  The  posterior  wings  of  all  the  genera  have 
an  almost  separated  posterior  lobe  (Figs.  76  and  86}  ;  there  is  never 
more  than  R  -|-  M  present  along  the  costal  margin  and  another 
vein  within,  and  frequently  this  latter  vein  is  also  lost.  It  probably 
is  Cu  and  M4.  The  wings  are  hyaline,  with  the  exceptions  of  a  few 
exotic  species. 

In  1887  Cameron  first  recognized  this  subfamily  including  in  it 
Gasteruption  (Fmmis).  The  date  on  Cameron's  paper  is  November. 
Almost  simultaneously  Cresson  recognized  the  subfamily  in  his 
"Synopsis  of  the  Hyraenoptera  North  of  Mexico,"  dated  1887,  with- 
out statement  of  the  month.  The  copy  before  me  was  received  by 
the  Cornell  Library,  December  28,  1887,  so  that  it  is  likely  that 
Cameron's  paper  antedated  Cresson's,  as  the  later  was  probably 
mailed  to  Cornell  immediately  on  publication.  Kieffer  also  gives 
Cameron  credit  for  the  subfamily.  Schletterer  in  his  monograph 
recognized  the  subfamily,  and  placed  Gasteruption  in  Aulacinaj, 
instead  of  Evaniinse,  and  Ashmead  in  Smith's  "  Catalogue  of  the 
Insects  of  New  Jersey,"  1900,  p.  563,  recognized  it,  but  as  including 
Gasterupttion.  In  his  "Classification  of  the  Ichneumonoidea,"  1901, 
Ashmead  separated  Gasteruption  from  the  Evaniinse,  and  in  this  last 
sense  the  subfamily  was  recognized  in  my  paper  on  "North  Amer- 
ican Evaniidje,"  Tr.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  1901,  and  by  Kieffer  in  the 
"Genera  Insectorum,"  1902. 

Up  to  the  time  of  Schletterer's  monograph  of  the  family,  three 
genera  had  been  recognized,  Evan.ia,  Hyptia  and  Brachi/gaster.  Dr. 
Schletterer  threw  these  all  together  into  the  single  genus  Evania. 
Recently  Kieffer  has  recognized  a  new  genus,  Zeuxevania ;  Szepligeti 
Evaniscus ;  and  Enderlein  Evaniellns ;  shortly  before  Enderlein 
erected  Evaniellns  I  established  an  Evaniella,  and  here  describe 
three  other  genera.     Pseudevania  is  a  misprint  for  Zeuxevania. 

Evania  is  of  almost  world  wide  distribution,  being  found  in  every 
region  except  the  Australian,  in  which  one  species,  perhaps  acci- 
dental, occurs,  and  three  others  just  over  the  boarder  line  from  ihe 
Oriental.  But  Evania  appendigaster  is  believed  to  have  spread 
from  Europe  to  all  regions,  and  is  everywhere  one  of  the  (.•onnnonest 
species. 


J.    CHESTER    BRADLEY.  135 

Acanthinevania  occurs  chiefly  in  the  Australian  region,  and  also 
Hve  species  in  the  Malayan  subregion  of  the  Oriental ;  two  African 
species  possibly  belong  here.     There  are  about  thirty- three  species. 

Of  Szepligetella  only  one  species  is  known,  from  the  Hawaiian 
Islands. 

EvaniscHS  occurs  in  the  Neoti'opical  regions,  where  there  are 
three  species. 

Zeuxevania  has  two  species  in  the  Palearctic,  two  in  the  Ethio- 
pian and  two  in  the  Oriental. 

Evauiella  is  known  certainly  only  from  the  United  States,  Cen- 
tral and  South  America,  but  many  species  at  least  South  and  Cen- 
tral xVmerican  credited  to  Kvania  probably  really  belong  here. 
There  are  five  species  recognized. 

Seviceoniyia  occurs  in  the  Neotropical  with  seventeen  species. 

Semceodog aster  has  but  one  species,  European. 

Hyptia  has  thirty-one  species  from  the  Nearctic  and  Neotropical 
regions. 

Evaniellus  has  four  species  from  the  Neotropical. 

As  far  as  is  known  all  the  genera  are  parasitic  on  the  oothecae  of 
cockroaches. 

As  showing  the  distribution  of  the  genera  the  table  on  the  next 
page  will  be  of  interest.  Thirteen  species  of  uncertain  generic  posi- 
tion are  omitted.  Evania  appendigaster  is  counted  only  from 
Europe,  which  is  believed  to  be  its  original   habitat. 


TEANS.   AM.    KNT.  SOC.   XXXIV.  AI'BIf,.   190S. 


136 


FAMILY    EVANIID^. 


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J.    CHESTER    BRADLEY.  137 

TABLE   TO   THE   GENERA    OF   NORTH    AMERICAN    EVANIIN^. 

1.  Abdomen  of  the  female  distinctly  triangular,  the  apex  produced  into  a  short 

process  from  which  issues  the  ovipositor  (Fig.  18) ;  abdomen  of  tlie 
male  more  or  less  narrowly  oval ;  antennae  inserted  in  a  single  dis- 
tinctly impressed  basin,  bordered  at  least  on  the  lower  side  by  a  ridge  ; 
usually  an  inter-autennal  carina  present;  metanotum  as  seen  from 
the  side  move  or  less  deeply  depressed,  sides  of  the  depression  abrupt 

(Fig.  62),  (Tribe  Ev.\niini) (2), 

Abdomen  of  tiie  female  nearly  circular  (rarely  somewhat  triangular),  the  a])ex 
not  produced  into  a  process  (or  rarely  slightly  produced  in  Evaniella), 
abdomen  of  the  male  the  same  shape  as  in  the  female  (sometimes  oval 
in  Ei'aniella) ;  antennae  not  inserted  in  a  distinctly  impressed  basin, 
without  any  carina  below  them,  rarely  between  them  ;  metanotum  as 
seen  from  the  side  less  deeply  depressed,  the  sides  of  the  depression 
sloping  gradually  (Fig.  63),  (Tribe  Hyptiini) ('.i). 

2.  Front  wings  with  the  maximum  number  of  veins  found  in  the  subfamily,  ex- 

cept parts  of  R4,  Mi  +  2,  Mi,  Mo,  and  m  may  be  more  or  less  atrophied  ; 
labium  modified  into  a  highly  chitinized  pear-shaped  plate  which 
nearly  covers  and  conceals  the  ligula  (Figs.  28-29). 

Evania   Fabricius. 

3.  Wings  with  seven  completely  closed  cells  (Fig.  83),  hind  legs  long,  exceeding 

the  whole  length  of  the  insect Evanielia  Bradley. 

Wings  with  only  the  costal  cell  completely  closed  (Fig.  86)  ;  hind  legs  much 
shorter  and  stouter  than  in  any  other  genus  of  the  subfamily,  not  ex- 
ceeding the  total  length  of  the  body  (Fig.  61) Hyptia  Illiger. 

EVANIA   Fabricius. 
Ichneumon,  Sphex,  etc.,  auct. 
1775.     Evania  Fabricius,  Syst.  Ent.,  p.  345. 

Type — Evania  appendig aster  Linnaeus. 

The  .scape  of  the  anteunje  of  the  female  is  much  longer  than  in 
the  male.  The  proportions  in  actual  measurements  of  the  antennal 
joints  are  surprisingly  constant  in  the  North  American  species.  The 
labium  is  highly  chitinized  and  broadly  oval,  dilated  at  the  ba.«e, 
almost  concealing  the  short  ligula  (Figs.  28  and  29).  The  labial 
palpi  have  the  third  joint  greatly  dilated  and  triangular.  The  fore- 
head has  an  impressed  basin  in  which  the  antennje  are  inserted, 
bordered  by  a  distinct  rim  below  ;  there  is  usually  a  short  inter- 
antennal  carina,  and  may  be  a  mesal  and  two  lateral  carina;  on  the 
clypeus.  The  sculpture  of  the  face  and  mesonotum  is  of  prime 
importance;  in  one  of  our  North  American  species  the  face  is 
closely  striate,  in  the  other  with  a  very  few  small  scattered  punc- 
tures. 

The  mesopleurjc  do  not  show  a  distinctly  smooth  and  jx^lished 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (18)  APRIL,  1908. 


138  FAMILY    EVANIIDyE. 

area.  The  groove  for  the  reception  of  the  middle  femora  is  not 
very  deep.  The  sides  of  the  propodeum  are  not  peculiarly  sculp- 
tured, as  in  Hyptia.  The  metanotuni  is  sunk  deeply  between  abrupt 
walls  formed  by  ttie  scutellum  and  propodeum  (Fig.  62).  The  fur- 
cula  forming  the  posterior  border  of  the  mesaventer  is  of  great 
importance  and  may  be  with  parallel  or  divergent  lobes  or  tynes 
(Figs.  64  and  65). 

The  abdomen  of  the  female  is  the  shape  of  an  isosceles  triangle, 
the  pygidium  being  produced  into  a  projection  which  contains  the 
ovipositor  (Fig.  18).     In  the  male  the  abdomen  is  oval. 

The  posterior  legs  are  long  (Fig.  60),  and  always  without  spines. 
The  proportion  of  the  longer  tibial  spur  to  the  metatarsus  is  of 
importance,  as  also  that  of  the  metatarsus  to  joints  two  to  four 
together.  The  shape  of  the  tooth  on  the  tarsal  claw  and  its  size 
and  angle  are  of  importance  (Figs.  44  and  45). 

The  wings  are  as  shown  in  Figs.  76  and  77. 

The  genus  is  the  most  generalized  of  the  subfamily.  It  is  dis- 
tributed throughout  the  world,  except  in  the  Australian  region, 
where  one,  perhaps  accidental,  species  is  found,  and  three  otliers 
just  over  the  border  in  the  Island  of  Lombok.  But  Evania  appendt- 
gaster,  believed  to  be  originallv  European,  has  been  introduced  into 
every  country. 

TABLE   TO   THE    NORTH    AMERICAN   SPECIES   OF    EVANIA. 
1.  Face  with  only  a  few  small  punctures;  tarsal  claws  with  two  rays  placed  so  as 
to  form  an  acute  angle,   the  inner  one  shorter  {Fig.  44);   antenna; 
inserted  close  together  in  a  broad  shallow  basin,  wiib  an  abrupt  but 

scarcely  ridged  front  margin appf  iidigaster  Linnaeus. 

Face  coarsely  longitudinally  striate ;  tarsal  claw  bearing  a  tooth  within  nearly 
at  right  angles  to  the  outer  ray  (Fig.  45) ;  autennte  situated  rather  far 
apart  in  a  deep  and  well-marked  basin,  the  anterior  and  lateral  mar- 
gins of  which  are  limited  by  a  distinct  carina,  with  a  sharp  angle  in 
the  centre  below  the  antenna; urbiina  n.  sp. 

Evania  appeiidigaNtt'r  Linnaeus. 
(Figs.  13,  17,  IS,  27,  28,  29,  44,  56,  60.  62,  76.) 
1742.     Ichneumon  Reanuir,  Mem.  Hist.  Ins.,  T.  vi,  p.  332,  tab.  xxxi,  fig.  13. 
1758.     Ichneumon  appendigaster  Linnaeus,  Syst.  Natur.,  ed.  10,  p.  566. 
1767.     f^phex  appendiqaster  Linnaeus,  Syst.  Natur.,  ed.  12,  p.  943. 
1775.     Evania  appendigaMer  Fabricius,  Syst.  Ent.,  p.  345. 
1780.     Ichneumon  niger  Goze,  DeGeer,  Abhand.  Gescli.  Insect.,  iii.  y.  385,  ])1.  30, 

figs.  14  and  15. 
1791.     Evania  Ixvigata  Olivier,  Encyc.  Meth.  Insect.,  vi,  p.  453. 
1791.     Evania  maculata  Olivier,  Encyc.  Mcth.  Insect.,  vi,  p.  453.* 
1807.     Evania  fusci pes  lUiger,  Eossi.  Faun.  Elrusca.,  ed.  2,  p.  83,  No.  798,  ii. 


.7.    CHESTKR    BRADLEY. 


189 


1824.     Evania  (orico/or  Say,  Keat.  Nanat.  Exped.,  ii,  App.  p.  320. 

1829.  Evania  flavicornis  Curtis,  Brit.  Entom.,  vi,  p.  257. 

1830.  Evania  ciibx  Eicliwald,  Zool.  Spec,  ii,  p.  214. 

1840.  Evania  desjardinsii  Blanchard,  Hist.  Anat.  Insect.,  iii,  p.  299,  fig.  74. 

1841.  Evania  affinis  Giiilloii,  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  France,  x,  p.  311. 

%  ,  9  • — Entirely  black.  Covered  with  a  very  fine  and  inconspicuous  griseous 
pubescence.  Face  convex  below  tlie  antennse,  smooth,  a  few  punctulations  scat- 
tered at  considerable  and  irregular  distances;  antennae  inserted  close  together  in 
a  broad  but  shallow  basin,  with  an  abrupt  but  scarcely  ridged  front  margin,  ex- 
tending laterally  almost  to  the  eyes  and  posteriorly  without  definite  limit  to  in 
front  of  the  ocelli;  vertex  narrow;  middle  ocellus  transverse;  temples  narrow 
above,  wider  towards  the  base  of  the  eyes;  eyes  removed  by  more  than  half 
their  length  from  the  mandibles;  antennae  long,  filiform,  somewhat  thickened 
in  the  female  iFig.  56) ;  average  measurements  as  below: 


Scape 

Fed. 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

.45 
.34 

10 
.43 

11 
.39 

12 

13 

Flag.  Total 

% 

mm. 

1.06 

.17 

.71 

.66 

.62 

.60   .54 

.50 

.40   .52 

5.81     7.04 

9 

mm. 

1.42 

.18 

~() 

•> 

.111 

.  i<; 

.:;> 

.:;7 

..33 

.30 

.26   .36 

4.64 

6.23 

Thorax  above  with  a  few  round  pits  scattered  sparingly  over  it,  larger  and 
better  defined  than  those  similarly  scattered  over  the  face;  parapsidal  grooves 
clearly  defined;  anterior  grooves  short;  venter  and  sides  of  the  thorax  with 
larger  and  more  deeply  impressed  round  pits,  distant  from  each  other,  but  grow- 
ing denser  posteriorly  until  on  the  propodeum  they  merge  into  coarse  reticula- 
tion :  metanotum  sunk  in  a  deep  and  narrow  transverse  groove;  furcula  with 
divergent  tynes. 

Middle  coxa-  widely  separated  ;  posterior  coxse  subapproximate,  sparingly, 
finely,  punctured  ;  posterior  tibia  with  the  longer  spur  about  one-third  the  length 
of  the  metatarsus  (Fig.  60) ;  the  latter  about  the  length  of  the  succeeding  two 
joints  united  ;  claws  large,  two-thirds  as  long  as  the  fourth  tarsal  joint,  toothed, 
the  rays  slender,  placed  at  acute  angles  with  each  other,  the  apical  one  much  the 
longer  (Fig.  44).  Wings  hyaline  (Fig.  76),  the  free  part  of  R4  wanting,  some- 
times a  faint  line  indicating  its  position  ;  R:j  obtusely  angled  beyond  R^  :  the 
base  of  Mj-fo  usually  more  or  less  atrophied  ;  hind  wings  without'un  open  cos- 
tal margin. 

Abdomen  of  the  male  oval,  two-thirds  as  broad  as  long;  the  petiole  nearly  as 
long  as  the  remaining  part;  the  second  segment  but  little  larger  than  the  first  of 
the  four  succeeding  fully  exposed  segments  which  diminish  in  breadth  towards 
the  apex  ;  abdomen  of  the  female  an  isosceles,  almost  equilateral  triangle  with 
the  ai)ex  caudad  and  the  dorsal  hypothenuse  somewhat  convex  (Fig.  18) ;  the 
petiole  le.ss  than  half  the  length  of  the  dorsal  hypothenuse;  the  second  segment 
but  little  broader  than  the  first  of  the  three  following  fully  exposed  segments; 
the  apical  segment  produced  into  a  short  dorso-candad  [)rojecting  process  con- 
cealing the  ovipositor. 

■'The  reference  given  in  Schletterer  and  Dalla  Torre  to  E. flavicornis  Oliv., 
Encyc.  .Meth.  Insect.,  vi,  p.  453,  is  not  to  be  found,  and  sliould  evidently  be 
maciilata. 


TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV. 


APRIL.  1908. 


140 


FAMILY    EVANIIDiE. 


Hab. — Distributed  throughout  the  world,  and  almost  everywhere 
the  most  abundant  species.  It  is  believed  to  have  originally  inhab- 
ited Europe  from  whence  it  has  become  naturalized  in  almost  all 
countries  along  with  the  Blattidse  on  which  it  is  parasitic.  In  the 
United  States  it  seems  chiefly  confined  to  the  east,  and  is  especially 
common  in  some  of  the  larger  cities.  Say's  tmicolor  was  from  the 
Rocky  Mountains,  but  we  have  no  other  records  from  that  far 
west.  It  has  never  been  taken  here  at  Ithaca,  nor  have  I  seen 
specimens  from  north  or  west  of  here. 

Evania  urbaiia  n.  sp. 

(Figs.  45,  66,  77.) 
'^  ,  9  . — Black.  Sericeous  pubescent,  especially  the  face  and  propcideuni,  shin- 
ing silvery  in  certain  lights.  Face  subconvex  below  the  antennse,  which  are 
situated  rather  far  apart  in  a  deep  and  very  well  defined  basin,  the  anterior  and 
lateral  margins  of  which  are  limited  by  a  distinct  ridge  which  starts  from  a  cen- 
tral point  on  the  face  below  the  antennae,  running  on  each  side  outward  and 
upward,  to  a  short  distance  from  the  eyes,  where  it  turns  inward  again,  becom- 
ing lost  before  reaching  the  ocelli;  another  carina  extends  longitudinally  be- 
tween the  antennae  traversing  the  whole  length  of  the  basin  ;  as  thus  defined, 
the  basin  is  narrower  than  in  E.  app endig aster ;  from  somewhat  within  the  lower 
angles  of  the  eyes  a  groove  extends  on  each  side  to  the  inner  angles  of  the  man- 
dibles, which,  together  with  the  carinse  above  described,  enclose  a  shield-shaped 
area  embracing  the  entire  face,  which  is  subcoarsely  and  regularly  longitudinally 
striate,  the  strise  converging  somewhat  towards  the  apex  (clypeus),  which  appeals 
as  a  very  small  triangular  smooth  and  polished  piece;  the  temples  are  roughly 
substriate,  below  the  eyes  the  cheeks  are  striate  similarly  to  the  face,  the  stria- 
converging  towards  the  face  and  mandibles;  the  vertex  is  covered  with  large 
punctures;  the  ocelli  placed  close  together,  the  central  ones  much  smaller  than 
the  other  two,  between  the  central  and  each  lateral  ocellus  is  a  small  smooth 
prominence  partly  surrounding  each  ocellus,  part  of  which  it  at  first  appears  to 
be;  eyes  small,  prominent,  removed  by  a  little  less  than  their  length  from  the 
mandibles;  temples  narrow,  wider  at  the  base  of  the  eyes;  antennas  filiform, 
somewhat  thickened  in  the  female  ;  average  measurements  as  below  : 


Scape 

Fed. 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

Flag. 

Total 

% 

mra. 

.72 

.12 

.78 

.78 

.74 

.70 

.61 

.61 

.56 

.53 

.50 

.50 

.50 

6.81 

7.65 

9 

mm. 

1.63 

.22 

.83 

.83 

.59 

.50 

.40 

.38 

Thorax  above  like  the  vertex,  roughly  and  rather  irregularly  covered  with 
coarse  punctures;  the  sides,  venter,  propodeum  and  posterior  coxse  punctate  to 
shallowly  reticulate;  anterior  grooves  not  evident,  lateral  and  parapsidal  grooves 
very  short  and  barely  discernable ;  metanotum  not  very  deeply  sunk,  compara- 
tively broad,  forming  a  transverse  lather  squarely  cut  trough;  furcula  with 
divergcTit  tynes  (Fig.  66). 


J.    CHESTKK    BRADLKY.  141 

Middle  coxse  rather  close  together;  posterior  coxii'  snbapproxiniate ;  the 
longer  spur  of  the  posterior  tibite  less  than  one-third  the  length  of  the  metatar- 
sus; the  latter  longer  than  the  rest  of  the  tarsus  together;  claws  large,  about 
two-thirds  as  long  as  the  fourth  tarsal  joint,  toothed,  the  rays  rather  stout, 
nearly  at  right  angles,  the  outer  one  slightly  larger  (Fig.  45,  there  is  some  varia- 
tion in  the  size  of  the  inner  tooth  in  the  paratypes,  but  the  angle  seems  con- 
stant). Wings  hyaline,  or  slightly  clouded  in  the  apical  third  ;  the  veins  dark 
in  the  basal  part,  becoming  pale  beyond  the  stigma;  E:j  obtusely  curved  beyond 
E4  ;  free  part  of  R4  wanting;  free  part  of  Mj  and  Mif.,  pale,  their  base  wanting 
(Fig.  77) ;  hind  wings  with  an  open  costal  margin. 

Abdomen  of  the  male  long,  narrow,  oblong  or  oval,  almost  linear;  petiole  more 
than  one-third  its  length,  striate;  the  segments  smooth,  polished,  second  to  sev- 
enth inclusive  exposed.  Abdomen  of  the  female  subtriangulai-,  with  the  apical 
angle  angle  slightly  produced  into  a  short  process  containing  the  ovipositor; 
petiole  one-half  the  length  of  the  abdomen,  longitudinally  striate;  the  segments 
smooth,  polished  ;  the  second  almost  twice  as  broad  as  the  third  ;  the  second, 
third,  fourth  and  fifth  segments  fully  exposed,  the  latter  broadly  emarginate 
dorsally,  exposing  a  part  of  the  sixth  and  seventh  segments,  which  form  the 
process  already  described  ;  edges  of  the  last  two  segments  and  apex  of  the  ovi- 
positor finely  ciliate.     Length  7  mm. 

This  pretty  silvery  shining  species  is  very  different  in  appear- 
ance and  characters  from  E.  appendig aster,  or  any  others  that  1 
know.  The  most  obvious  characters  are  the  striation  of  the  face 
and  the  narrow  abdomen  of  the  males,  but  there  are  many  other 
important  differences.  In  all  I  have  seen  over  eight  males  and 
.seven  females. 

Five  of  the  males  were  collected  by  Mr.  AVitmer  Stone  on  the 
windows  of  his  house  in  Philadelphia.  As  all  the  other  specimens 
have  also  been  taken  in  large  cities,  I  have  applied  to  it  the  name 
nrbana.  Mr.  Liebeck  sends  me  five  more  specimens  taken  on  the 
windows  of  a  house  in  Philadelphia.  It  is  of  course  possil)le  that 
it  may  represent  another  exotic  species,  migrating  similarly  to  E. 
appendig  aster.  The  front  legs  and  antennse  are  sometimes_  more  or 
less  pale. 

Hab. — Philadelphia,  Pa.,  August  5th  (Mr.  Stone)  ;  Washington, 
D.  C,  July  20,  1*)()0  ;  New  York  and  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.  (Messrs. 
Daecke,  Brues  and  Franck). 

Types. — Type  $  in  the  collection  of  the  American  Entomological 
Society.  Type  9  in  the  author's  collection.  Three  paratypes  (■?>  ) 
in  the  collection  of  the  American  Entomological  Society.  Two 
paratypes  (S)  in  the  collection  of  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.  Paratypes 
in   the  Amer.  Mus.  Nat.   Hist. 

TRANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XX  XIV.  APKII..  1908. 


142  FAMILY    EVANIID^. 

EVANIELLA  Bradley. 

Evmiia  Auctores,  ad  partem. 
1905.     Evdniella  Bradley,  Can.  Ent.,  February,  xxxvii.  p.  63. 

Type. — Evania  unicolor  Ash.  [nee  '^•Ay']=^Evaniella  semceodu  n.  s;p. 

The  labium  (Fig.  35)  is  narrowly  oval,  not  concealing  the  ligula  ; 
the  third  joint  of  the  labial  palpi  is  ovoid,  not  triangular,  longer 
than  broad  ;  the  eyes  are  in  E.  californica  (Fig.  9)  extremely 
small,  so  that  they  do  not  reach  much  below  the  base  of  the  an- 
tennse,  normally  they  are  longer  (Fig.  16) ;  the  antenme  are  fili- 
form, situated  on  a  convexity  of  the  forehead,  or  if  in  a  slight  con- 
cavity there  is  at  least  no  distinct  rim  below. 

The  metapleurse  have  at  most  a  polished  spot  on  the  upper  corner, 
often  none  at  all  ;  the  sides  of  the  propodeum  are  not  peculiarly 
sculptured  ;  the  furcula  is  usually  with  more  or  less  divergent  short 
tynes,  often  obscured  by  vestiture. 

The  posterior  legs  are  long,  and  without  spines. 

The  wings  in  all  species  known  to  me  are  hyaline;  and  the  veins 
R4_  M  beyond  m-cu,  Mi-^s,  Mi,  M2  and  m  are  wanting,  or  present 
only  as  a  trace  (Fig.  83). 

The  shape  of  the  abdomen  is  more  or  less  intermediate  between 
Evaniini  and  Hyptiini.  The  abdomen  of  the  female  is  quite  or 
nearly  round,  never  distinctly  triangular,  but  in  one  specimen  is 
nearly  so;  there  is  sometimes  a  slight  production  of  the  pygidium 
into  a  point  containing  the  ovipositor.  The  abdomen  of  the  male 
varies  from  round  to  narrowly  oval  {E.  neomexicana). 

So  far  there  are  only  five  species  of  the  genus  known,  three  from 
North  America,  one  from  Cuba  and  one  from  British  Guiana.  But 
it  is  probable  that  maqy,  at  least  of  the  South  and  Central  Ameri- 
can, Evanise  really  belong  here. 

TABLE  TO  THE  NORTH  AMERICAN  SPECIES  OF  EVANIELLA. 

1.  Eyes  very  small,  scarcely  reaching  below  the  insertion  of  the  antennse  (Fig. 

9) ;  head,  face  and  dorsum  polished  and  almost  impunetate. 

calirornica  Ashmead. 

Eyes  large,  reaching  far  below  the  insertion  of  the  antennse  (Fig.  16);  head, 

face  and  dorsum  more  or  less  punctured .(3i. 

2.  Head  small,  narrower  than  the  thorax;  liead,  face  and  dorsum  finely  punc- 

tui'ed  ;  inner  tooth  of  the  tarsal  claw  niucli  shorter  than  the  outei'. 

ueoiiiexicaiia  Ashmead. 
Head  large,  broader  than  the  thorax  ;  head,  face  in  part,  and  dorsum  coarsely 
punctured  ;  rays  of  the  tarsal  claws  nearly  equal  (Fig.  49). 

seinwoda  n.  sp. 


J.    CHESTER    BRADLEY. 


143 


Kvaiiiella  californica  Ashmead. 
(Fig.  9.) 
1901.     Evania  californica  Aslimead.  Can.  Ent..  xxsiii,  p.  302. 
1905.     Evaniella  californica  Bradley.  Can.  Ent.,  sxxvii,  p.  64. 

-^  .—Brown,  inipiibesrent.  Head  large,  broader  than  the  thorax  ;  face  smooth, 
shining,  with  only  a  few  irregular  and  scarcely  impressed  punctulation.s;  a 
deeply  impressed  line  extending  on  each  side  between  theantennse  downward 
and  outward  in  an  irregular  curve  to  the  mandibles,  forming  a  very  narrow 
strongly  nnicronate  clypeus;  mandibles  broad  ;  antennse  inserted  close  together, 
far  distant  from  the  eyes,  which  are  very  small,  oval,  and  placed  their  full  length 
from  the  mandibles  (Fig.  9),  their  base  barely  extending  below  the  insertion  of 
the  antennae;  cheeks  very  broad,  polished. 

Dorsum  smooth,  polished,  minutely  sparingly  punctulate;  propodeum  in  front 
of  the  insertion  of  the  petiole  similarly  scul})tured,  rest  of  the  propodeum  and 
pleurae  pitted  or  reticulate;  metaiiotum  situated  iu  a  transverse  broad  and  shal- 
low groove.  Posterior  coxae  smooth ;  metatarsus  somewhat  longer  than  the 
three  following  joints  united  ;  the  claws  with  a  single  distinct  ray,  the  inner  ray 
being  reduced  to  a  very  small  tooth.  Wings  short,  only  reaching  the  tip  of  the 
abdomen,  hyaline;  veins  brown  ;  R.-.  obtusely  curved;  E4  wanting;  M1  +  2,  Mj, 
m,  and  M2  indistinct. 

Petiole  short,  smooth,  about  one-fourth  the  length  of  the  abdomen  ;  the  latter 
subovoid  ;  segments  2-7  exposed,  segment  2  a  little  wider  than  3. 

i?a6.— California  (Natoiiia,  March  3,  1885). 

Type.— CoWectwu  of  the  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  6081  (one  male). 

Evaniella  iieoinexicana  Ashmead. 

(Fig.  83.) 
1901.     Evania  neomexicana  Ashmead,  Can.  Ent..  xxxiii,  p.  302. 
1905.     Evaniella  neome-xicana  Bradley,  I.  c,  p.  302. 

%, . — Black,  the  lower  parts  of  the  metapleui-se  and  the  propodeum  below  the 
petiole  red.  Finely  puberulent.  Head  small,  narrower  than  the  thorax  ;  face 
shallowly,  closely  punctulate,  the  punctures  somewhat  confluent;  antennae 
approximate,  inserted  on  a  convexity  of  the  front;  a  groove  extending  from 
without  the  antennas  downward  and  slightly  inwaixi  to  either  side  of  the  cly- 
peus;  vertex  rounded,  closely  punctulate,  not  confluent;  cheeks  and  temples 
very  narrow  and  almost  linear,  smooth  and  polished,  with  a  few  scattered  punc- 
tures; eyes  large,  oval,  removed  by  one-third  their  length  from  the  mandibles. 

Dorsum  with  distant  large  round  punctures ;  pleurae  similarly  and  venter  more 
sparingly  punctured;  upper  angles  of  mesopleurse  smooth,  polished,  impunc- 
tured;  propodeum  coarsely  reticulate;  metanotum  comparatively  broad  in  a 
shallow  transverse,  curved  groove.  Posterior  coxae  approximate,  prongs  of  the 
furcula  subdivergent,  the  larger  tibial  spur  more  than  half  the  length  of  the 
metatarsus,  the  latter  nearly  as  long  as  the  three  following  joints  united;  last 
joint  nearly  as  long  as  the  third  ;  claws  two-thirds  as  large  as  the  fourth  tarsal 
joint,  slender;  rays  at  acute  angles,  the  inner  (basal)  ray  much  the  shorter. 
Wings  long,  extending  considerably  beyond  the  tip  of  the  abdomen,  hyaline  ;  the 
stigma  dark,  many  of  the  veins  more  or  less  faint;  Mi-;^^.  Mi.  i"  •'i'"l  t'le  longi- 
tudinal part  of  Mo  visible  as  mere  traces;  R3  obtusely  angled. 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  X.XXIV.  APEII..   1908. 


144  FAMILY    EVANIID^. 

Abdomen  long  and  narrow;  the  j)etiole  punctulate,  two-thirds  the  length  of 
the  abdomen.  Segments  2-7  fully  exposed,  the  second  but  little  wider  than  the 
third. 

i/a6.— New  Mexico,  Las  Cruces,  Sept.  9tli  (T.  D.  A.  Cockerell). 
Types.— JJ.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  No.  6080  (2  males). 

Evaniella  semteoda  n.  sp. 

(Figs.  11,  16,  35  and  49.) 
1887.  ?  Hi/ptia  dorsalis  Cresson,  Cat.  Hyni.  N.  A.,1887,  p.  182. 
1901.     Evania  unicolor  Ashmead,  ad  partem.  Can.  Ent.,  sxxiii,  p.  304,  nee  Say. 

%  .  9 . — Black,  the  thorax,  petiole,  scape  and  face  sometimes  more  or  less  red. 
Finely  pubescent.  Face  sparingly  punctured,  edge  of  the  clypeus  smooth, 
acute;  antennas  inserted  close  together  on  a  convexity  of  the  face,  more  than  the 
length  of  their  first  two  joints  from  the  ocelli ;  front  above  the  antennae  coarsely, 
vertex  very  coarsely  punctured  ;  ocelli  large,  distant ;  cheeks  narrow,  almost  as 
wide  at  the  apex  as  at  the  base  of  the  eyes;  eyes  large,  oval,  removed  by  about 
one-fourth  their  length  from  the  mandibles. 

Thorax  coarsely  and  thickly  punctured  ;  punctures  smaller  on  the  sides  and 
venter;  propodeum  reticulate,  a  polished  spot  on  tlie  pleurae;  parapsidal  grooves 
wanting;  raetanotum  not  very  narrow,  in  a  slight  transverse  impression.  Mid- 
dle coxse  moderately  distant,  posterior  ones  approximate;  the  prongs  of  the  fur- 
cula  i>arallel ;  the  posterior  coxse  coarsely  punctured  ;  the  longer  tibial  spur  little 
less  than  one-half  as  long  as  the  metatarsus;  the  latter  about  as  long  as  the  fol- 
lowing three  joints  united  ;  claws  small,  about  two-thirds  the  length  of  the 
fourth  tarsal  joint,  bifid  ;  the  rays  about  equal,  at  acute  angles,  the  outer  (apical) 
ray  sometimes  much  less  stout  than  the  other  (Fig.  49).  Wings  hyaline,  veins 
K4,  Mi  +  2,  Ml,  M2  and  m  wanting,  their  position  indicated  by  a  faint  trace;  R;{ 
obtusely  angled. 

In  the  male  the  petiole  is  smooth  ;  about  two-thirds  the  length  of  the  broadly 
oval,  nearly  orbicular,  polished  abdomen  ;  segments  2-6  inclusive  fully  exposed  ; 
the  third  about  two-thirds  the  width  of  the  second.  In  the  female  the  slightly 
pitted  petiole  is  about  one-half  the  length  of  the  nearly  orbicular,  obliquely 
truncate,  polished  abdomen  ;  segments  2-5  inclusive  fully  exposed,  the  second 
making  up  about  one-third  of  the  exposed  area,  almost  three  times  as  wide  as 
the  third  segment. 

The  color  of  this  species  is  very  variable.  It  is  barely  possible 
that  two  species  may  be  included,  the  one  of  northern  distribution 
and  black  in  color,  the  other  southern  and  with  more  red.  The 
color,  however,  intergrades,  and  I  can  find  absolutely  no  structural 
difference  that  will  separate  them.  I  have  in  all  before  me  eight 
specimens,  all  from  the  United  States  National  Museum  collection. 
Four  specimens  are  black  entirely,  except  with  forelegs  testaceous 
beyond  the  trochanters,  and  two  of  them  have  some  reddish  on  the 
dorsum.  One  specimen  is  mixed  with  reddish- brown  all  over  the 
thorax  and  legs,  and  the  base  of  the  antennie,  and  the  apex  of  the 


J.    CHESTER    BRADI.EY.  145 

petiole  white;  another  has  the  first  five  joints  of  tiie  antennje  ami 
the  front  and  middle  legs  brown,  the  trochanters  and  apex  of  petiole 
white,  and  the  upper  part  of  the  thorax  i-ed  ;  another  the  scape, 
lower  part  of  the  face,  and  upper  part  of  thorax  red,  and  the  front 
legs  brownish  ;  two  others  have  the  upper  part  of  the  thorax  red, 
and  the  apex  of  the  petiole  white. 

In  the  "  Canadian  Entomologist,"  vol.  xxxiii,  p.  304,  Dr.  Ash- 
mead  states  that  he  has  recently  recognized  Evunia  unicolor  Say  as 
distinct  from  appendig aster,  differing  in  punctuation.  From  the 
labels  on  his  specimens  it  is  evident  that  he  refers  to  the  northern 
or  black  form  of  this  species,  semieoda,  which  differs  veiy  markedly 
from  appendig  aster,  but  very  certainly  belongs  here  and  not  to 
Evan'm.  In  the  "Canadian  Entomologist,"  vol.  xxxvii,  p.  64,  1 
state  in  speaking  of  Evaniella,  "Here  also  belongs  and  stands  as 
type  the  species  which  Dr.  Ashmead  calls  unicolor  Say,  but  is  not 
that  species.  Say's  description  applies  to  E.  appendig  aster,  which 
could  easily  have  spread  into  the  interior  with  the  early  settlers, 
inasmuch  as  it  is  parasitic  on  cockroaches." 

After  receiving  a  letter  from  Dr.  Ashmead  assuring  me  of  his 
conviction  as  to  the  correctness  of  his  determination,  I  looked  over 
the  matter  as^ain  and  came  to  the  conclusion  that  he  was  right,  and 
so  wrote  to  him.  Inasmuch  as  there  was  doubt  concerning  the 
identification,  and  since  the  type  was  destroyed,  it  seemed  to  me 
right  to  follow^  his  determination.  But  recently  it  has  seemed  to 
be  so  impossible  to  identify  the  specimens  in  question  with  Say's 
description,  that  I  have  decided  to  follow  my  former  course  and 
describe  it  as  new,  leaving  Say's  unicolor  as  a  synonym  of  appendi- 
gasler,  or  as  a  species  which  has  not  since  been  collected  and  which 
may  yet  come  to  light.  I  follow  this  course  with  great  regret,  not 
only  because  I  do  not  wish  to  add  unneccessarily  to  nomenclature, 
but  because  could  I  conscientiously  do  so,  I  should  prefer  to  follow 
the  judgment  of  an  entomologist  as  experienced  as  is  Dr.  Ashmead. 

Say's  description  oi unicolor  is  as  follows,  the  italics  are  my  own  : 

■' Entirely  black,  immaculate,  slightly  sericeous.  Inliahits  the  Uniterl  States. 
Antennae  as  long  as  the  body  ;  palpi  piceous;  thorax  with  verii  few  small  punctures  ; 
melathorax  [propodeum]  densely  punctured  ;  wings  liyaline,  nervuies  fuscous : 
n  distinct  nerviire  passes  from  the  dividing  nervure  of  the  cnhital  and  discoidul  cellules 
to  the  posterior  margin  of  the  wing:  abdomen  much  compressed;  inipunctured. 
polished  oval,  ratiier  longer  tiian  the  petiole;  posterior  feet  elongated.  Lingth 
more  tlian  three-tenths  of  an  inch. 

TEANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (19)  APRIL.  1908. 


146  FAMILY     EVANIID^. 

"  The  proportions  of  the  petiole,  abdomen  and  posterior  feet  of 
this  insect  are  nearly  the  same   with  tliose  of  appeiidigasfor  Fabr. 

1  obtained  a  specimen  near  the  Rocky  Mountains,  and  it  is  also 
found  in  Pennsylvania.  The  additional  nervure  is  sometimes  con- 
nected with  the  radial  cellule  by  a  faint,  transverse  nervure,  so  as  to 
form  a  second  cubital  cellule." 

In  semceoda  the  thorax  is  coarsely  and  thickly  punctured  ;  in 
appendigaster  it  has  very  few  small  punctures.  In  semacoda  the 
mesopleurse  have  the  upper  half  smooth,  a  character  that  would  not 
likely  have  been  overlooked  by  Say;  in  appendigaster  the  upj)er 
part  of  the  mesopleurie  is  only  slightly  less  punctui-ed  than  the 
lower  part.  It  is  characteristic  of  semceoda  as  well  as  other  species 
of  Evaniella  that  the  "  nervure  passing  from  the  dividing  nervure 
of  the  cubital  and  discoidal  cellules  to  the  posterior  margin  of  the 
wing"  (M14-2  fi'iid  Ml)  as  well  as  the  "faint  transverse  nervure" 
connecting  it  with  the  radial  cellule  (R4),  "so  as  to  form  a  second 
cubital  cellule,"  and  also  m-cu  and  M  are  always  and  invariably 
atrophied  (Fig.  83).  In  appendigaster  and  other  species  of  Evania 
these  veins  are  present,  just  as  described  in  the  description  of 
unicolor,  but  in  occasional  specimens  of  ajypendi.g aster  only,  so  far 
as  I  have  observed,  is  R4  present,  and  then  always  partly  atrophied, 
so  as  to  appear,  as  Say  says,  as  a  "  faint  transverse  nervure."  The 
pi'oportions  of  the  posterior  feet  of  seiiueoda  are  not  the  same  as  in 
appendigaster.    In  semceoda  the  metatarsus  is  about  as  long  as  joints 

2  -|-  3  -)-  4  together,  in  appendigaster  only  as  joints  2  -|-  3.  The 
joint  bearing  the  claws  is  much  longer  in  appendigaster  than  in 
semceoda. 

Inasmuch  as  appjeadig aster  was  a  European  species,  it  is  highly 
probabte  that  Say  would  not  have  identified  his  specimens  with  it 
even  if  they  agreed.  He  points  out  no  difference  between  unicolor 
and  appendigaster,  and  we  have  no  evidence  that  he  knew  appendi- 
gaster from  anytiiing  except  description.  On  the  other  hand  it  is 
possible  that  unicolor  may  rej)resent  a  native  American  species 
which  is  at  present  unknown  to  us.  1  have  seen  no  specimen  of 
appendigaster  or  semwoda  from  west  of  Georgia  and  Ohio,  whereas 
Say  described  unicolor  from  the  Rocky  Mountains. 

The  red  form  of  sonceoda  has  been  in  collections  as  Evania  doi'sa- 
lis  Westwood. 

Hah. — Massachusetts  (Woods  Holi,  C  T.  Brues)  ;  New  Jersey 


J.    CHESTER    BRADLEY.  147 

(Brown's  Mill  Junction,  June  25,  1905,  E.  Daecke ;  Jaraesburg)  ; 
Georgia  (Tifton)  ;  Florida  (Crescent  City). 

Tijpe. — In  tlie  author's  collection.     Paratvpes  in  the  U.  S.  N.  M. 

HYPTIA    Illiger. 
Evania  Fabriciiis,  et  al. 
1807.     Hyptia  Illiger,  Rossi,  Fauna  Etrusca,  ii,  p.  82. 
1841.     Hyptiam  Shuckard,  Entom.,  i,  p.  120. 
1889.     Evania  Scliletterer,  Ann.  d.  k.  k.  nalli.  Hofni.,  Wien,  iv,  p.  118. 

Type. — Evania  petlolata  Fabricius. 

The  color  is  usually  black,  but  may  be  more  or  le.ss  red  or  yellow  ; 
the  anterior  and  often  middle  legs  are  sometimes  pale  or  brown,  but 
the  color  is  variable  within  the  species.  Clothed  with  a  white  or 
yellowish  sparse  pubescence,  sometimes  becoming  so  thick  on  the 
metaventer  and  coxse  as  to  conceal  the  punctation.  The  head 
seen  from  above  is  transverse  to  transverse-quadrate,  the  anterior 
margin  between  the  eyes  appearing  from  such  a  view  more  or  less 
convex,  sometimes  with  a  mesal  emargination  in  which  are  placed 
the  antennae  (Fig.  12).  In  profile  the  head  varies  from  narrow  to 
broad,  usually  widest  at  or  below  the  antennae,  either  flat  or  more 
or  less  pointed  above  the  eyes;  the  latter  are  somewhat  oblique,  and 
the  malar  space  is  generally  about  one-half  as  long  as  the  eyes ;  the 
mandibles  are  short,  and  have  a  blunt  tooth  within  ;  the  clvpeus  is 
pointed  in  the  middle,  sometimes  set  off  laterally  by  a  short  indis- 
tinct groove;  from  the  upper  margin  of  the  base  of  the  mandibles  a 
carina  is  usually  present  running  to  the  base  of  the  eye,  and  then 
upward  parallel  to  and  slightly  separated  from  the  inner  margin  of 
the  eye,  to  varying  height,  separating  the  face  from  the  cheeks;  the 
clypeus  and  face  are  usually  somewhat  prominent  or  gibbous;  the 
forehead  is  fiat  or  convex,  and  the  anteniite  are  not  inserted  in  a 
basin,  nor  are  there  any  carinee  between  or  around  them  ;  thev  are 
13-jointed  and  are  either  filiform,  gradually  and  evenly  thickened 
(Fig.  57),  or  short  and  strongly  thickened  beyond  the  base  of  the 
fllageilum  (Fig.  58);  the.se  characters  and  the  proportions  of  the 
scape  to  joints  three  and  four  together,  and  of  the  peilicel  to  joint 
three,  I  have  found  of  specific  value,  although  these  distinctions  are 
doubtless  to  a  certain  extent  only  sexual.  The  labium  (Figs.  37 
and  38)  consists  of  a  large,  highly  chitinized,  broad,  pear-shaped 
piece,  beneath  which  the  ligula  is  concealed  and  the  palpi  originate; 
the  labial  palpi  are  o-jointed,  the  terminal  joint  broadened,  but  not 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  APRIL.  1908. 


148  FAMILY    EVAXIID^E. 

as  much  as  the  tliird  joint ;  the  palpiger  distinct.  Tlie  head  behind 
the  eyes  and  vertex  is  more  or  less  narrowed,  a  carina  of  varying 
distinctness  separating  it  from  the  gular  regions. 

The  neck  is  short.  The  pronotum  (Fig.  19)  consists  of  a  trans- 
verse vertical  piece,  constricted  in  the  middle  and  usually  smooth 
and  polished  ;  the  lower  edge  is  more  or  less  produced  forward  into 
a  short  transverse  collar;  the  humeral  angles  (Fig.  19)  are  promi- 
nent or  rounded  ;  the  upper  edge  is  emarginate  in  the  centre,  the 
mesouotum  fitting  into  the  emargination  ;  the  propleurse  and  venter 
are  not  distinct,  but  small  and  concealed  beneath  the  head,  as  is 
always  the  case  in  the  subfamily  (Fig.  19).  The  mesonotum  and 
scutellum  form  together  a  more  or  less  convex  area,  and  are  sepa- 
rated from  each  other  by  a  transverse  straight  suture  that  is  often 
not  plain  ;  the  anterior  and  lateral  grooves  are  absent,  the  parapsi- 
dal  grooves  are  not  present  in  an}'  species  in  our  fauna,  or  at  least 
not  more  tlian  a  trace  of  them  anteriorly  ;  in  West  Indian  and 
other  exotic  species  they  are  distinct,  but  when  so  are  usually  placed 
a  little  nearer  the  middle  than  in  Evania ;  the  mesopleur^e  have  a 
highly  polished  impunctate  or  minutely  punctulate  area  occupying 
more  or  less  of  tiieir  upper  surface  (Figs.  1,  6  and  7);  this  area  is 
generally  broken  above  by  a  circular  pitted  area,  and  has  usually 
some  irregular  pits  in  the  middle;  its  shape  and  extent,  and  the 
depth  and  shape  of  a  large  oblique  fossa  or  depression  traversing 
the  forward  part  of  it,  and  forming  a  receptacle  for  the  femora  are 
characters  of  s])ecific  importance;  anterior  to  the  depression  the 
pleurae  are  swollen  into  an  oblique  broadly  rounded  ridge,  the  punc- 
tation  of  which  is  usually  sparser  than  on  the  dorsum,  but  similar 
to  the  venter,  from  which  it  is  not  separated.  This  area  I  have 
spoken  of  as  the  anterior  swelling  of  the  mesopleurse.  The  meta- 
notum  (Fig.  63)  is  a  very  narrow  transverse  strip,  depressed  between 
the  scutellum  and  propodeum,  the  edges  of  which  form  gradually 
sloping  walls  for  it  (Fig.  63).  On  the  metapleui-se  there  is  ante- 
riorly a  very  narnnv  punctured  area,  interrupted  mesally,  behind 
which  there  is  an  oblique  well  marked  carina,  parallel  to  and  behind 
this  carinie  is  a  broad  fossa  of  varying  depth,  and  the  natui-e  of  the 
reticulations  in  this  fossa  and  on  the  propodeum  just  behind  it  is  of 
great  s[)ecific  importance  (PI.  V);  these  may  be  long  and  narrow 
with  few  or  no  cross  bars,  or  nearly  square,  and  there  may  be  from 
one  to  three  rows;  one  or  two  oblique  carinie  may  be  present,  one 


J.    CHESTER    BRADLEY.  149 

oil  the  anterior  edge  of  the  region  ;  the  other  near  the  posterior 
edge;  beliind  this  area  of  modified  reticulations  the  entire  propo- 
deum  is  hexagonaliy  reticulate,  except  above  the  petiole,  where  it  is 
punctured  or  otherwise  sculptured. 

Tlie  hind  legs  are  inucli  shorter  than  in  the  other  genera  (Fig. 
61),  about  equalling  the  whole  length  of  the  insect;  the  coxee  have 
an  oblique  groove  without,  much  deeper  than  in  Evania.  The  tibiae 
and  sometimes  the  tarsi  have  among  the  pubescence  rows  of  fine 
yellow  spines;  these  are  usually  difficult  to  detect,  and  I  have  never 
.seen  any  in  which  they  are  prominent,  as  they  are  in  Acanthine- 
vania,  in  which  they  are  black  and  very  much  more  abundant.  H. 
amuzonica  Schletterer  is  said  to  have  the  spines^ distinct.  The  tibia 
is  thickened  a  little  toward  the  apex  ;  the  longer  of  the  two  apical 
spurs  varies  in  the  different  species  from  less  to  more  than  one-half 
the  length  of  the  metatarsus ;  the  latter  is  longer  than  joints  2-4 
taken  together,  and  upon  how  much  longer  depend  some  specific 
distinctions;  the  tarsal  claw  is  of  moderate  or  small  size,  with  a 
single  tooth  within  (Fig.  54),  shorter  than  the  apical  ray,  and  at  a 
little  less  than  a  right  angle  to  it;  the  size  and  angle  of  the  tooth 
does  not  seem  to  differ  in  the  genus,  and  hence  offers  no  character 
for  specific  distinctions. 

The  wings  are  hyaline,  sometimes  with  a  milky  lustre,  and  there 
are  present  in  the  front  wing  (Fig.  86)  only  veins  C,  Sc  -j-  R  -|-  i\I, 
the  stigma,  Cu,Cui,  and  M4 ;  where  the  two  latter  join  a  short  cross- 
piece  indicates  the  original  position  of  the  base  of  m  cu  and  Cu:  -f 
M4.  Faint  lines  indicate  the  original  position  of  some  of  the  now 
atrophied  veins,  arranged  as  in  Evania.  The  hind  wings  have  only 
part  of  the  vein  R  -f-  M  present. 

The  sculpture  of  the  petiole  is  a  matter  of  prime  importance; 
there  is  usually  a  tendency  toward  oblique  ridging,  at  least  along 
the  lower  part  of  the  sides,  but  above  it  may  be  nearly  smooth  with 
oiilv  a  few  punctures,  or  may.be  finely  longitudinally  striate ;  the 
length  of  the  petiole  is  usually  about  equal  to  that  of  the  abdomen, 
or  sometimes  less.  The  ab<lomen  is  orbicular,  alike  in  the  two  sexes, 
black,  smooth  and  polished;  the  second  segment  extends  about  two- 
thirds  its  entire  length,  the  third  segment  is  also  broad,  and  the 
remaining  segments  are  very  narrowly,  when  at  all,  exposed.  The 
ovipositor  is  not  exserted,  nor  are  the  claspers  of  the  male  evident, 
so  that  it  is  usually  impossil)le  to  determine  the  sex  without  dissec- 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  APRIL.  1908. 


150  FAMILY    EVANIID.E. 

tion.  For  this  reasou  I  have  beeu  frequently  obliged  to  omit  state- 
ment of  the  sex  in  the  descriptions  that  follow.  Judging  from  the 
other  genera  it  may  be  inferred  that  those  with  more  filiform  an- 
tennae and  shorter  scape  are  males.  Some  of  the  published  descrip- 
tions have  certainly  erroneously  stated  the  sex. 

The  largest  species  that  I  know  is  about  the  size  of  Evania 
appe7idigaster,  the  smallest  measures  2.5  mm.  Hyptia  is  the  most 
specialized  genus  of  Evaniinse,  except  Evaniellus,  as  is  evident  pri- 
marily from-  the  wings,  where  the  climax  of  atrophy  is  reached, 
almost  all  the  veins  having  disappeared.  The  mouth-parts  and 
thoracic  structures  show  further  specialization  along  the  lines  fol- 
lowed hy  Evania,  a.wd  I  think  it  not  improbable  that  even  the  short- 
ness of  the  hind  legs  indicates  greater  specialization,  although  in  the 
opposite  direction,  than  tiie  extreme  length  of  the  same  in  the  other 
genera.  Further  I  believe  the  genus  to  be  one  that  is  undergoing 
active  modification  today,  judging  from  the  fact  than  in  our  North 
American  species,  which  I  have  studied  very  carefully,  it  is  difficult 
to  find  any  two  specimens  which  do  not  differ  more  or  less  in  one  or 
more  characters,  although  perhaps  to  an  extent  that  would  not  be 
noticeable  to  one  not  very  familiar  with  the  group. 

Hyptia.  is  confined  to  the  Americas,  and  reaches  its  highest  devel- 
opment in  the  tropics,  where  future  collection  may  be  expected  to 
yield  a  very  large  number  of  new  species. 

TABLE  TO  THE  XORTH  AMERICAN  SPECIES  OF  HYPTIA. 

1.  Flaoellum  distinctly  thickened  beyond  the  middle,  tapering  again  toward  the 

apex,  giving  the  antennae  a  distinctly  clavate  appearance,  the  joints  in 

the  thickened  portion  often  scarcely  longer  than  broad  (Fig.  58).  .(2). 

Flagellum   filiform  or  slightly  and   evenly   thickened,   the  joints  distinctly 

longer  than  broad  (Fig.  57) (4). 

2.  Petiole  more  or  less  distinctly  punctured,  slightly  or  not  at  all  striate  •  •  •  -(3). 
Petiole  finely  and  very  distinctly  sublongitudinally  striate. 

harpyoides  n.  sp.  (  9  )• 

3.  Sides  of  the  propodeum  sculptured  as  in  Fig.  8;  species  black. 

mylacridoinaues  n.  sp. 

Sides  of  the  propodeum  sculptured  as  in  Fig.  6;  species  usually  more  or  less 

red tliorac'ica  Blanchard  (  9  )• 

4.  Scai)e  one-quarter  or  less  longer  than  segments  3  +  4 (5). 

Scape  distinctly  more   than    one-half  longer  than   segments  3  +  4;   petiole 

thickly  set  all  over  with  coarse  punctures,  between  which  are  inter- 
rupted striiE ret iciilala  Say  (  9  )• 

5.  Punctui'es  evenly  placed  on  the  verte.\  and  mesonotum,  about  their  diameter's 

length  apart.     Length  2.8  mm floridiiiia  Ashniead. 

Punctures  much  rougher,  more  closely  placed.     Length  U  mm.  or  more  ••  -(6). 


J.    CHESTER    BRAULEY.  151 

6.  Sides  of  the  propodeuni   with   long  jiaiallel  bars  :md  narrow  interstices  (Figs. 

2  and  3) (11)- 

Sides  of  tlie  propodeuni  not  so  sculptured (7). 

7.  Sides  of  tlie  propodeuni  with  a  distinct  second  oblique  carina,  between  which 

and  the  first  tlie  area  is  depressed  and  the  interstices  lengthened,  tlie 
bars  parallel  and  often  weak  (Figs.  1,  4  and  7);  petiole  on  the  side 

with  numerous  deep  punctures,  wrinkles  indistinct  or  none (9). 

Interstices  on  the  sides  of  the  propodeuni  broken  up  into  three  rows  of  squares 
(Figs.  5  and  6) (8). 

8.  Scape  between  one-fifth  and  one-quarter  longer  than  segments  3+4;  petiole 

coarsely  obliquely  wrinkled,  less  distinctly  above;  interstices  on  the 
side  of  the  propodeuni  rectangular,  in  three  rows  (Fig.  5).     Black. 

lexaiia  n.  sp. 
Scape  less  than  one-fifth  longer  than  segments  3  +  4;  petiole  with  few  irreg- 
ular shallow  punctures;  anterior  swelling  of  the  mesopleurse  closely 
and  coarsely  punctured  ;  color  usually  more  or  less  red. 

tlioracicit  Blanchard  (  %  ). 

9.  Anterior  swelling  of  the  mesopleurse  smooth,  with  only  a  very  few  minute 

punctulations;  face  coarsely  and  roughly  sculptured;  the  punctures 
on   the   forehead   leaving  between   them    flat  jiolished    rim.s;    jietiole 

punctured,  without  wrinkles  on  the  sides (10). 

Anterior  swelling  of  the  niesopleurse  with  a  number  of  coarse  punctures;  face 
roughly  but  much  more  finely  and  brokenly  sculptured  ;  punctures  on 
the  forehead  so  close  as  to  leave  only  a  narrow  convex  opaque  ridge 
between  them;  propodeuni  as  in  Fig.  7;  petiole  thickly  set  all  over 
with  coarse  punctures,  a  few  striae  toward  the  sides,  and  very  fine 
striae  between  the  punctures.     Black reliculala  Say  {%}. 

10.  Black;  tibial  spur  less  than  one-half  as  long  as  the  metatarsus;  sides  of  the 

propodeum  sculptured  as  in  Fig.  4 iiycloides  n.  sp. 

More  or  less  red  ;  tibial  spur  over  three-fifths  as  long  as  the  metatarsus;  pro- 
podeum sculptured  as  in  Fig.  1 prosetetheira  n.  sp. 

11.  Petiole  roughly  obliquely  to  longitudinally  striate  above  and  below,  punc- 

tures, often  coarse,  among  the  very  fine  strise;  color  entirely  black 

(Fig.  3) harpy oides  n.  sp.  {%). 

Petiole  nearly  smooth,  with  a  few  small  punctures  and  short  strise  on  the 
sides  below;  color  more  or  less  red  (Fig.  2). .  -Iiypl Joga»«tris  n.  sp. 

Hyptia  liarpyoitleis  n.  sp. 

(Figs.  3,  12,  54,  57,  58  and  61). 
1887  ?  Hi/ptia  reticulatn  Cresson,  ad  partem.  List  Hym.  N.  A.,  p,  182. 

"J, .  9  . — Brown;  anterior  legs  and  middle  tarsi  lighter,  subtestaceons.  Head 
and  body  clothed  with  yellowish  hairs,  especially  thick  on  the  venter  and  ])oste- 
rior  coxje,  almost  obscuring  the  furcula  and  sculpture  of  that  region.  Head  seen 
from  above  (Fig.  12)  transverse,  nearly  quadrate,  strongly  convex  in  front 
between  the  eyes;  space  behind  the  eyes  rather  small ;  posterior  angles  rounded  ; 
posterior  margin  truncate,  reflexed.  Profile  rather  broad,  rounded  above;  fore- 
head slightly  convex;  eye  very  slightly  oblique;  temples  widened  below;  malar 
space  (.43  mm.)  two-third  as  long  as  the  eyes  (.63  mm.) ;  cheeks  incurved  below. 
So  that  the  base  of  the  mandibles  is  scarcely  visible  from  the  side.     F'ace  from 

TRANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  APRIL,  1908. 


152 


FAMILY    EVANIID^. 


in  front  a  little  longer  than  in  reticidida,  somewhat  truncate  below,  the  eyes 
slightly  piorainent ;  no  antennal  basin;  mandibles  deeply  punctured  at  their 
base;  paljti  pale;  clypeus  not  separated  laterally  by  a  groove ,  the  cheeks  sepa- 
rated from  the  face  by  a  poorly  defined  carina  extending  from  the  upper  angle 
of  the  base  of  the  mandibles  outward  and  upward  to  the  base  of  the  eyes,  then 
along  tlie  inner  margin  of  the  eyes  to  their  summit ;  the  middle  of  the  face  with 
the  clypeus  forming  a  slightly  gibbous  area  without  distinct  boundary;  face, 
forehead,  vertex,  temples  and  (;heeks  rather  nioie  closely  and  coarsely  punctured 
tiian  in  rectimdata,  appearing  rather  deeply  reticulate  than  punctate;  the  punc- 
tures not  conflnent;  forming  rows  on  the  temples;  posteiior  margin  of  the  head 
subcarinate;  no  carina  between  the  antennae;  posterior  ocelli  .31  mm.  apart.  .19 
mm.  from  the  compound  eyes;  slightly  behind  the  apex  of  the  latter;  these 
small,  .63  mm.  long,  narrowly  oval,  somewhat  pointed  below,  their  inner  niaigins 
parallel;  the  face  wide;  antennae  placed  .10  mm.  apart,  .29  mm.  from  the  com- 
pound eyes,  below  the  middle  of  the  latter;  in  the  female  (Fig.  58)  mudi  shorter 
and  thicker  than  in  reticulata,  .24  mm.  thick  at  the  thickest  part,  which  is  beyond 
the  middle;  scape  one-fourth  as  long  as  the  flagellum  ;  two-thirds  longer  than 
joints  three  and  four  together;  pedicel  equalling  the  first  joint  of  the  flagellum 
in  length  ;  antennae  of  the  male  (Fig.  57)  of  equal  thickness  throughout  ;  the 
scape  one-seventh  as  long  as  the  flagellum,  a  little  shorter  than  joints  three  and 
four  together;  pedicel  as  long  as  the  first  joint  of  the  flagellum. 


Scape 

Fed. 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

Flag. 

Total 

% 

mm. 

.41 

.19 

.20 
.19 

.24 
.17 

.24 
.17 

.25 
.19 

.24 
.19 

.24 
.19 

.26 
.24 

.26 

.24 

.26 
.19 

.24 
.19 

.43 
.38 

2.88 

3.48 

9 

mm. 

.60 

.19 

2,35 

3.14 

Body  short,  about  one-quarter  narrower  in  proportion  to  its  length  than  in 
reliciUnta  ;  length  2.5  mm. ;  width  1.3  mm. ;  height  1.9  mm.  Pronotum  not  form- 
ing a  visible  collar,  humeral  angles  very  short,  the  front  of  the  dorsum  appear- 
ing squarely  truncate ;  mesonotum  and  scutellum  convex,  without  any  sign  of 
lateral,  anterior  or  parapsidal  grooves;  the  whole  back  appearing  as  though 
without  sutures;  mesonotum  and  scutellum  punctured  similarly  to  the  head; 
vertical  part  of  the  pronotum  apparentl.y  roughened  ;  its  postero-lateral  angles 
also  roughened  ;  the  upper  posterior  part  of  the  mesopleurae  occupied  by  an  oval, 
moderately  polished,  oblique  depressed  area,  with  a  few  minute  punctulations; 
the  anterior  swelling  deeply  punctate  behind,  roughened  in  front;  the  entire 
venter  coarsely  punctured,  the  sculpture  largely  hidden  by  the  vestituie;  jirojio- 
deum  very  shallowly  reticulate,  the  reticulations  much  lengthened  and  closely 
I)arallel  on  the  sides  (Fig.  3) ;  deeper  above  the  petiole.  Middle  coxse  .22  mm. 
apart,  .60  mm.  from  the  front,  and  .48  mm.  from  the  hind  coxse;  the  latter  .12 
mm.  apart;  furcula  short,  indistinct,  concealed  by  the  vestiture,  not  evidently 
forked. 


Coxfe 

Troc.i 

Tree.  2 

Fem. 

Tib. 

Tar.i 

.84 

Tar.  2 
.26 

Tar.  3 
.12 

Tar.  4 
.10 

Tar.  5 

Total 
5.00 

Tib.  spur 

.62 

.36 

.07 

1.20 

1.37 

.08 

.38  mm. 

J.    CHP:STKR    BRADLEY.  153 

The  tarsal  spui'  is  about  oue-half  the  length  of  the  metatarsus,  the  latter  is 
three-fourths  longer  than  joints  3-4  together;  claw  s\nn]iiT  io  reticulata,  rather 
smaller;  posterior  coxje  hairy  beneath  ;  trochanters  nude  and  polished  within, 
clothed  on  the  outer  side  with  shoi't  hairs;  femora  minutely  roughened,  clothed 
with  fine  hairs;  tibije  longitudinally  aciculate,  sparingly  hairy,  clavate  at  apex  ; 
tarsi  densely  covered  with  fine  hairs;  tibia  and  tarsi  without  spines. 

The  distance  from  the  metanotum  to  the  petiole  is  .48  mm.,  the  petiole  is  1.03 
mm.  long,  the  abdomen  1.32  mm.  long;  petiole  obliquely  finely  and  closely  stri- 
ate on  the  sides  and  above.  Abdomen  orbicular,  smooth  and  polished,  the  second 
segment  occupying  three-fourths  its  length  ;  segments  beyond  the  third  visible 
only  at  their  extremities.     Length  6  mm. 

Hub. — PeDiisylviinia  (Philadelphia,  July  8,  1899;  Delaware  Co., 
July  14,  1898  ;  Lehigh  Gap,  July  1,  1897,  and  July  18,  1900,  H. 
L.  Viereck  ;  August  1903,  J.  C.  Bradley  j;  Virginia;  Canada;  New 
York  (Flatbush,"L.  I.,  J.  L.  Zabriskie,  July  28,  1893;  Ithaca,  July 
17,  1904,  R.  S.  Woglum  ;  July  9,  1904,  July  17,  1905,  J.  G.  Bar- 
low) ;  Michigan  (Gold  Ledge  and  Constantine  ;  Kan.*as  (Law- 
rence, June  18,   1896,   H.   Kahl ;   Baldwin,   June,  J.  C.  Bridwell). 

Type. —  S,  9  ,  in  the  aiithor'.s  collection.  Paratypes  in  the  col- 
lections of  the  American  Entomological  Society;  United  States 
National  Museum  ;  Cornell  University  and  Rhode  Island  Agricul- 
tural College.  The  type  female  shall  take  precedence  over  the  type 
male. 

The  most  abundant  species  of  the  genus  in  the  north. 

Ilyptia  iiiylacriflonianes  u.  s]*. 
(Fig.  S.) 
9-  —  Black;  anterior  and  middle  legs  brown.  Clothed  with  white  hairs. 
Head  from  above  transverse-quadrate;  the  anterior  edge  between  the  eyes 
prominent,  not  evenly  convex  nor  emarginate  mesally  ;  the  space  behind  the 
eyes  medium.  Profile  somewhat  pointed  above,  broadest  below  the  antennii'; 
eyes  ol)lique,  slightly  emarginate  externally  ;  forehead  flat;  temples  moderately 
narrow  above,  much  widened  below  ;  malar  space  slightly  less  than  one-half  the 
length  of  the  eyes.  Face  from  in  front  nearly  round,  slightly  prolonged  below, 
eyes  slightly  prominent ;  no  antennal  basin  ;  apex  of  mandibles  red  ;  the  cheeks 
are  separated  from  the  face  by  a  distinct  carina,  jiassing  from  the  upjjer  angle  of 
the  base  of  the  mandibles  to  the  eyes,  then  parallel  to  and  but  a  short  distance 
from  the  inner  margins  of  the  latter  to  slightly  above  the  insertion  of  the  an- 
tennae; face  and  clypeus  not  gibl)ous;  face,  forehead,  vertex,  temples  anu  cheeks 
closely,  coarsely  and  umbilicately  punctured  ;  the  punctures  less  distinct  around 
the  antenna;,  arranged  in  rows  on  the  temjiles;  head  narrowed  behind  the  eyes; 
posterior  edge  not  very  sharp;  no  carina  between  the  antennae;  the  latter 
inserted  below  the  middle  of  the  compound  eyes,  plainly  subclavate  ;  .scape  about 
one-quarter  as  long  as  the  flagellum,  two-fifths  longer  than  joints  3  -f-  4  ;  jiedicel 
over  three-fifths  as  long  as  the  first  joint  of  the  flagellum. 

TEANS.   AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (20;  MAY.  1908. 


154  FAMILY   kvaniid.t:. 

Body  short  and  stout.  Proiiotuni  not  forniino;  a  visible  rollar;  litniifiiil  angles 
rounded  off;  niesouotuni  and  scutellum  strongly  convex,  without  jiarapsidHl. 
lateral  or  anterior  grooves;  a  straight  transverse  suture  between  the  niesotuni 
and  scutellum;  vertical  part  of  the  pronotuni  smooth,  ]iolished  and  impunctate; 
the  polished  area  on  the  niesopleurge  is  irregular,  extending  two-thiidsof  tlie 
way  to  the  coxte,  broken  by  a  few  confluent  pits  in  the  centre;  the  groove  not 
very  deep  nor  prolonged  to  the  coxai ;  the  anterior  swelling  full.  s]iaringly  punc- 
tured with  large  shallow  round  punctures,  among  which  are  a  few  minute  punc- 
tulations;  mesoventer  similarly  punctured  ;  nietaventei'  more  coarsely  jiunctured, 
but  the  punctures  obscured  by  the  vestiture;  two  distinct  oblique  carinte  on  the 
metapleuiie  (Fig.  8),  the  first  pi-ominent  and  sharp,  with  a  depressed  broad  fossa 
behind  it;  the  reticulations  between  the  two  caiiiise  are  four  times  as  long  as 
broad,  rather  regularly  arranged,  with  a  few  irregular  cross-pieces;  behind  the 
second  carina  the  reticulations  at  the  sides  are  square,  the  mesal  ones  elongated, 
forming  a  loughly  triangular  area  outside  of  which  the  reticulations  on  the  pro- 
podeum  are  of  moderate  size  and  depth  and  hexagonal  in  shape  ;  above  the  petiole 
the  propodeum  is  coarsely  punctate.  Middle  coxse  far  apart,  nearer  to  the  hind 
than  to  the  front  pair;  furcula  with  very  short  rounded  lobes. 

The  tarsal  spur  is  one-half  the  length  of  the  metatarsus;  tihige  minutely 
spined.     Wings  hyaline. 

Petiole  more  or  less  smooth,  polished,  with  a  few  punctures,  these  somewhat 
dilated  and  oblique  on  the  sides,  a  few  short  oblique  ridges  at  the  base  of  the 
sides,  but  not  appearing  obliquely  or  longitudinally  grooved  or  striate.  Abdo- 
men orbicular,  much  less  compressed  than  is  usual  in  the  subfamily,  smooth, 
polished.     Length  7.5  mm. 

This  is  the  largest  species  of  Hyptia  tliat  I  have  seen.    It  is  about 
equal  in  size  to  a  small  specimen  of"  JEvania  appendigaster. 
Hah. — New  York  (Ithaca,  J.  H  Comstock). 
Type. — One  female,  in  the  collection  of  Cornell  University. 

Kyptia  thoraeicst  Bhmchard. 
(Fig.  6.) 

1840.  Evnnid  ihoracica  Blanchard,  Hist.  Nat.  Insec,  iii,  p.  299. 

1841.  Hi/ptiam  thoracicnm  Shuckard.  Entom.,  p.  120. 
1844.     Evania  ihoracica  Guerin,  Rev.  Zool.  Soc.  Cuv.,  ]).  39. 

1851.     Evania  doraalis  Westwood,  Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  Lond.  (2),  i,  j).  214  (new  name 

for  Ihoracica  Blanchaid). 
1887.     Hypiia  Ihoracica  Cresson,  List  Hymen.  N.  A.,  p.  182. 

'J, ,  9 . — Dark  red;  abdomen,  petiole,  legs,  venter  and  anteunse  black;  meta- 
pleurte  and  forehead  dark.  Spai'ingly  clothed  with  white  hairs.  Head  seen 
from  above  transverse,  the  eyes  rather  prominent,  very  little  space  behind  them, 
the  anterior  edge  between  them  very  slightly  convex,  the  posterior  margin 
slightly  concave,  reflexed.  Profile  irregular,  narrow  and  pointed  above,  widest 
below  the  antennse  ;  forehead  flat ;  eyes  oblique  ;  temples  narrow  above,  consider- 
ably widened  below;  malar  space  (.48  mm.)  one-third  tlie  length  of  the  eye  (1.44 
mm.);  cheeks  incurved.  Face  from  in  front  equilaterally  triangular,  with 
rounded  basal  corners;  n)andibles  deeply  punctuied  at  their  base,  their  tijis  red, 
.79  mm.  from  base  to  base;  palpi  dark;  clypeus  sejiarated  laterally  by  a  short 


J.    CHESTER    BRADLEY.  155 

impressed  suture;  cheeks  separated  from  the  face  by  a  broad  ridge,  extendiiijr 
upward  close  to  the  inner  margin  of  the  eyes;  the  clypeus  and  face  gibbous: 
face,  forehead,  vertex,  temples  and  cheeks  rather  closely  but  shallowly  umbili- 
cately  punctate,  the  punctures  deepest  on  the  vertex,  in  rows  on  the  temples, 
smaller  than  in  prosetethetra ;  the  antennse  filiform  in  the  male,  distinctly 
clavate  toward  the  middle  of  the  flagellum  in  the  female,  inserted  in  a  slight 
depression  considerably  below  the  middle  of  the  eyes;  no  interantennal  carina; 
scape  a  little  less  than  one-fifth  the  length  of  the  flagellum,  one-seventh 
longer  than  joints  3+4;  pedicel  less  than  one-half  as  long  as  the  third  joint. 
Alitrunk  short  and  stout.  Pronotum  straight,  truncate,  not  incurved,  nor  pro- 
longed at  all  into  a  collar;  the  humeral  angles  scarcely  sharp,  not  prominent; 
mesonotum  and  scutelium  distinctly  convex  ;  lateral  and  anterior  grooves  absent, 
the  parapsidal  grooves  very  faintly  impressed  ;  the  polished  area  on  the  meso- 
pleurje  not  large;  a  distinct  round  i)it  in  the  centre,  and  a  larger  one  at  the 
upper  corner;  tlie  groove  distinct  and  reaching  to  thecoxse;  the  anterior  swell- 
ing full  and  impressed  with  round  punctures,  a  little  smaller  than  those  on  the 
dorsum,  numerous  minute  punctulations  between  the  lower  ones;  the  venter  is 
similarly  punctured,  the  metaventer  a  little  more  coarsely  ;  the  mesonotum,  scu- 
telium and  propodeum  above  the  petiole  are  closel.y,  coarsely  and  umbilicately 
punctured,  the  punctures  quite  large;  the  propodeum  below  the  petiole  is  reticu- 
late; the  sides  of  the  jiropodeum  and  the  metapleurse  are  sculptured  as  in  Fig.  6. 
Petiole  smooth  and  polished,  with  scattered  ill  defined  punctures.  Abdomen 
orbicular,  smooth  and  polished.     Length  6.5  mm. 

A  specimen  from  New  Jersey  is  entirely  bluck  and  may  he  dis- 
tinct. 

Hah.  —  Florida  (Jacksonville,  Crescent  City,  Biscayne  Bay)  ; 
Virginia;  Georgia  (Tif'ton)  ;  New  Jersey  (Da  Costa,  July  19.  '03, 
E.  Daecke). 

Described  specimen  in  the  authoi-'s  collection. 

In  1840  Blanchard  described  Evania  thoracica  and  his  descrij)tion 
may  apply  either  to  a  true  Evania,  which  is  highly  improbable,  be- 
cause we  know  no  North  American  species  that  are  red  in  color,  to 
an  Evaniella  or  to  a  Hyptia.  \n  18-14  Guerin  referred  to  Blanch- 
ard's  species  under  the  same  name  without  attempt  to  change  its 
limitation.  It  has  been  common  among  collectors  to  call  all  the 
more  or  le.ss  red  species  of  Hyptia  occurring  in  Noi'th  America 
thoracica,  and  hence  it  seems  well  to  determine  that  henceforth  until 
Blanchard's  type  l)e  rediscovered  the  name  thoracica  Blanchard 
shall  apply  to  the  red  species  of  Hyptia,  wliich  I  iiave  above 
described  under  that  name.  In  1841  Shuckard,  evidently  unaware 
of  Blanchard's  work,  described  Hyptlam.  tlwracicam,  basing  the 
form  Hyptlam  on  the  accusative  used  1)V  Illiger  in  his  original  men- 
tion of  tlie  genus,  as  elsewhere  detailed.     By  a  figure  of  the  wing 

TR.\NS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.   XXXIV.  M.W.  1908. 


156  FAMILY     EVANIID.E. 

Shuekanl  leaves  no  doubt  as  to  the  generic  place  of  his  species,  a 
true  Hyptla.  The  simplest  course  to  adopt  in  treating  it  is  to 
establish  that  henceforth,  until  Shuckard's  type  be  examined,  it  is  a 
synonym  and  likewise  a  homonym  of  Blanchard's  thoracica,  and 
therefore  has  no  standing.  Therefore,  when  Shuckard's  type  can 
be  examined,  if  it  proves  to  be  the  same  as  the  species  that  I  have 
described,  no  further  change  need  be  made;  if  different,  it  will  re- 
main a  homonym,  though  no  longer  a  synonym,  and  a  new  name 
will  have  to  be  given  it.  On  the  ground  that  Blanchard's  name 
thoracica  had  been  previously  used,  Westwood  in  1851  proposed  the 
name  dorsalis  to  re{ilace  it.  But  thoracica  had  not  been  previously 
used  other  than  in  manuscript,  hence  dorsalis  Westwood  has  no 
standing  whatsoever,  except  to  invalidate  as  a  homonym  dorsalis 
Cameron,  proposed  for  a  Central  American  species  and  replaced  by 
cameroui  Schletterer.  The  name  dorsalis  has  been  used  without 
shadow  of  reason  by  collectors  for  Evaniella  semoioda. 

Now  further  confusion  arises  from  Schletterer  who  indicates  the 
possibility  of  synonymy  as  follows :  he  refers  thoracica  Blauchard, 
thoracica  Guerin,  and  dorsalis  Westwood  to  the  Mexican  azteka 
Schletterer;  thoracica  Guerin  again  to  the  Asiatic  dimidiata  Fabr.  ; 
thoracica  Shuckard  to  ocellaria  Schletterer  from  Mexico  and  the 
Antilles.  In  every  case  except  in  the  reference  oi'  thoracica  Guerin 
to  dimidiata  he  refers  them  with  an  interrogation  niai-k  ;  dimidiata 
and  thoracica  Guerin  he  makes  definitely  identical,  and  we  would 
have  to  consider  this  as  determining  the  positicni  of  the  species  until 
the  type  be  rediscovered,  were  it  not  for  the  })alpable  absurdity  of 
identifying  it  with  an  Asiatic  species  without  any  cause.  Identifi- 
cation of  thoracica  Guerin  with  dimidiata  Fabricius  would  also 
necessarily  include  thoracica  Blanchard  and  dorsalis  Westwood. 
So  we  shall  have  to  leave  Schletterer  out  of  consideration  in  this 
case  for  he  is  very  evidently  in  error. 

Hyptia  floridaiia  Ashmead. 
1901.  Hyptia  floridana  Asliniead,  Cau.  Eiit.,  xxxiii,  p.  302. 
190'2.     Brachygaster  floridanus  Kieffer,  Gen.  In.sec,  ii,  p.  5. 

9  . — Dull  black.  Sparingly  clothed  with  short  white  hairs.  Head  seen  from 
above  transverse,  subquadrate,  angles  rounded,  the  eves  occupying  almost  the 
entire  width;  posterior  edge  tunicate;  anterior  edge  between  the  eyes  convex. 
not  noticeably  emarginate  niesally.  Profile  elliptical,  soniewliat  jiointed  above; 
eyes  oblique;  forehead  flat;  temples  quite  narrow  above,  three  or  more  times  as 
wide   below;   malar   space  (.22  mm.)  oue-half  as  long  as  the  eyes  (.48  mm.); 


J.    (;HESTKR    BRADLEY.  157 

cheeks  considerably  incurved.  Face  from  in  front  lound,  the  eyes  not  pronii- 
uent;  no  anteunal  basin;  mandibles  reddisli-yellow,  roughened,  .41  mm.  from 
base  to  base;  sides  of  the  clypeus  without  a  limiting  suture;  cheeks  separated 
from  the  face  by  a  distinct  carina,  extending  from  the  upi)er  angle  of  the  base 
of  the  mandibles  outward  to  the  base  of  the  eyes,  then  inward  jiarallel  to  and 
but  slightly  removed  from  the  inner  margins  of  the  eyes  to  just  above  the  alti- 
tude of  the  insertion  of  the  antenuse;  clypeus  and  face  not  gibbous;  face  reticu- 
late, the  reticulation  somewhat  transverse;  forehead  and  vertex  with  regular, 
not  very  deep  punctures,  evenly  placed  at  about  their  diameter's  length  apart; 
temples  with  about  two  rows  of  punctures;  cheeks  with  confluent  punctures; 
head  rounded  behind  the  eyes,  posterior  margin  not  sharp,  indistinctly  carinate; 
no  carinee  between  the  antennae.  Posterior  ocelli  .24  mm.  apart,  .07mm.  from 
the  compound  eyes,  small;  the  latter  of  medium  size,  rather  broadly  ovate, 
widest  above,  the  inner  margins  j-aiallel,  .48  mm.  long.  Antennse  in.serted  .05 
mtu.  apart,  .17  mm.  from  the  compound  eyes;  the  flagelluni  .somewhat  thickened 
beyond  its  base;  scape  three-sixteenths  as  long  as  the  flagelluni,  one-fifth  longer 
than  joints  3  -|-  4,  pedicel  four-fifths  as  long  as  long  as  the  first  joint  of  the  fla- 
gellum.  Alitruuk  short,  1.08  mm.  long,  .55  mm.  wide,  1.01, mm.  high,  markedly 
tapering  toward  the  propodeum.  Propodeum  not  forming  a  visible  collar,  the 
humeral  angles  sharp;  mesonotum  and  scutellum  convex,  without  sign  of  ante- 
rior, lateral  or  parapsidal  grooves,  a  distinct  transverse  suture  between  the  meso- 
notum and  the  scutellum;  entire  dorsum  punctured  like  the  vertex;  a  large 
rhomboidal.  highly  polished,  inipunctate  area  occupies  the  entire  mesopleurse. 
traversed  mesally  by  an  oblique  broad  fossa,  in  front  of  which  it  is  considerably 
swollen  ;  the  venter  is  much  narrowed  ;  a  suture  on  the  posterior  margin  of  the 
polished  area  .separates  the  mesopleurie  fiom  the  metapleurje;  the  latter  separa- 
ted from  the  propodeum  by  a  distinct  carina,  behind  which  is  an  oblique  de- 
pressed smooth  polished  area,  with  a  few  elongated  reticulations  anteriorly  and 
posteriorly;  behind  these  is  a  second  carina  with  a  smooth  area  behind  it;  the 
metapleurae  are  coarsely  covered  below  with  a  few  large  very  shallow  round 
punctures;  the  propodeum  laterally  and  posteriorly  is  very  shallowly  reticulate. 
Middle  coxa'  about  .31  mm.  from  the  front  and  .12  mm.  from  the  hind  coxse. 

The  tibial  spur  is  one-half  the  length  of  the  metatarsus;  the  latter  is  three- 
fifths  longer  than  joints  2.-4  together;  the  claw  is  very  small,  with  a  tooth 
within  about  as  in  reticulata;  tibiae  and  tarsi  without  spines. 

The  distance  from  the  metanotum  to  the  point  of  insertion  of  the  petiole  is  .24 
mm.,  the  petiole  is  .53  mm.  long,  longitudinally  carinulate;  the  abdomen  is' 
round,  smooth,  polished  ;  the  second  segment  large,  taking  up  three-fourths  of 
its  entire  length  :  the  apical  segments  are  somewhat  exposed.     Length  2.8  mm. 

Tliis  is  the  .smallest  species  of  Evaniid  thut  I  have  .seen,  although 
several  recently  described  species  are  slightly  smaller.  It  is  quite 
distinct  from  all  the  other  species  in  our  fauna,  and  seems  more 
closely  related  with  the  Neotropical  than  the  Nearctic  species.  Dr. 
Ash  mead  erroneously  states  that  the  types  are  males. 

Hab. — Florida  (Biscayne  Bay  and  Jacksonville). 

Types.— (Two  females),  U.  S.  Nat.  ^Nfiis.,  Catalogue  No.  6078. 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  .SOC.  XXXIV.  MAY,  1908. 


158  FAMILY    EVANIID^. 

Hyptia  reticulata  Say. 

(Fig.  7.) 
1835.    Bruchygaster  reticidata  Say,  Bost.  Joiiru.  Nat.  Hist.,  i.  p.  224. 
1887  ?  Hyptia  reticulata  Cresson,  List,  Hymen.  N.  A.,  p.  182. 
1887  ?  Hyptia  soror  Scliletterer,  Ann.  k.  k.  nath.  Hofni.,  Wien,  iv,  p.  330. 

%,  9- — Black;  anterior  tibise  testaceous.  Head  and  body  clothed  with  com- 
paratively long  white  hairs.  Head  seen  from  above  transverse-qnadrate ;  the 
space  behind  the  eyes  medium,  not  inflated  laterally;  the  posterior  angles 
slightly  rounded  ;  the  anterior  edge  between  the  eyes  convex,  eraarginate  me- 
sally.  Profile  narrowed  in  front  above  the  eye,  widest  at  the  antennse;  eye 
slightly  oblique;  forehead  slightly  convex,  almost  flat ;  temples  moderately  nar- 
row above,  more  than  twice  as  wide  at  the  base  of  the  eyes  ;  malar  space  (.48  mm.) 
one-half  as  long  as  the  eyes  (.96  mm.)  ;  cheeks  incurved  so  that  the  base  of  the 
mandibles  is  not  visible  from  the  profile.  Face  from  in  front  almost  round  ;  no 
antennal  basin  ;  mandibles  deeply  punctured  at  base,  their  mesal  portion  red  ; 
.77  mm.  from  base  to  base;  palpi  pale;  clypeus  produced  mesally  into  a  round 
point,  the  lateral  angles  rounded  ;  separated  laterally  by  a  short  poorly  defined 
suture;  the  cheeks  are  separated  from  the  face  by  a  distinct  carina  extending 
from  the  upper  angle  of  the  base  of  the  mandibles  outward  to  the  base  of  the 
eyes,  then  inward  parallel  to  and  but  slightly  separated  from  the  inner  margin 
of  the  eye  to  just  above  the  altitude  of  the  insertion  of  the  autennje;  the  middle 
of  the  face  and  the  clypeus  form  a  gibbous  area  bounded  by  the  lateral  grooves 
of  the  clypeus;  face,  forehead,  vertex,  temples  and  cheeks  coarsely,  closely  and 
umbilicately  jiunctuied,  the  punctures  rarely  confluent,  smaller  around  the  base 
of  the  antennre,  coarsest  on  the  temples  and  vertex  ;  posterior  margin  of  the  head 
sharp,  subearinate;  no  carina  between  the  antennae;  posterior  ocelli  .31  mm, 
apart,  .12  mm.  from  the  compound  eyes,  slightly  below  the  middle  of  the  latter; 
antennae  thickened  mesally  ;  scape  one-quarter  as  long  as  the  flagellum,  one-half 
longer  than  joints  3+4  ;  pedicel  two-fifths  as  long  as  the  first  joint  of  the  flagel- 
lum. Alitrunk  short  and  stout;  length  2.5  mm.;  width  1.9  mm.;  height  2.2  mm. 
Pronotum  not  forming  a  visible  collar;  humeral  angles  sharp ;  mesonotum  and 
scutellnm  strongly  convex,  without  any  sign  of  anterior,  lateral,  or  parapsidal 
grooves;  an  indistinct  transverse  suture  between  the  mesonotum  and  scutellum  ; 
these  closely,  coarsely  and  umbilicately  punctured,  the  punctures  not  confluent ; 
vertical  part  of  the  pronotum  impunctate,  polished,  a  few  transverse  wrinkles  on 
its  postero-lateral  edges,  in  front  of  the  teguUe;  the  upjier  part  of  the  mesopleurse 
is  a  large,  highly  polished,  impuiictured,  depressed,  rhomboidal  area,  with  a  few 
irregular  punctures  and  grooves  in  the  centre,  ending  below  in  an  oblique  depres- 
sion, beyond  which  the  niesoi)leurffi  are  distinctly  swollen  in  nn  oblique  direction 
toward  the  coxse,  this  swelling  and  the  niesoventer  sprinkled  with  a  few  smaller 
round  punctures,  between  which  are  a  considerable  number  of  minute  punctula- 
lions;  metaventer  coarsely,  closely  and  umbilicately  punctate;  propodeum  shal- 
lowly  reticulate,  the  reticulations  lengthened  on  the  side  (Fig.  7) ;  above  the 
petiole  the  propodeum  is  coarsely  punctate.  Middle  coxae  .19  mm.  apart,  .84 
mm.  from  the  front  and  .96  mm.  from  the  hind  coxie,  the  latter  .24  nini.  apart; 
furcula  short,  the  prongs  consisting  of  mere  rounded  knobs. 

The  tarsal  spur  is  one-half  the  length  of  the  metatarsus,  the  latter  is  one-third 
longer  than  joints  2  4  united  ;  the  claws  are  of  moderate  size,  slender,  incuiveil. 


J.    CHESTER    BRADLEY.  159 

witli  ;i  hliint  tootli  beiieatli  considerably  shorter  tliaii  tlie  apical  ray;  the  jioste- 
rior  c'oxie  are  spariiisly  pitted  beneatli,  less  noticeably  so  above:  a  ring  at  the 
base  is  smooth  and  polished;  the  femora  are  polished  posteiiorly  ;  finely  rongh- 
ened  above;  the  tibise  i-oughened.  rather  thickly  clothed  with  silky  hairs,  among 
which  are  a  number  of  minnte  stouter  spines,  as  also  on  the-  tarsi.  The  wings 
are  hyaline,  somewhat  milky. 

The  distance  from  the  metanotum  to  the  insertion  of  the  petiole  is  .72  mm., 
the  petiole  is  1.44  mm.  long;  the  al)domen  1.7  mm.;  petiole  coarsely  punctured 
al)ove.  the  ventro-lateral  angles  ridged,  the  under  surface  smooth.  Abdomen 
smooth,  polished  ;  the  second  segment  much  the  largest.     Length  6.5  mm. 

Hab. — New  Jersey  (Cleinentoii,  June  25,  1899,  9  ,  collected  and 
presented  to  the  author  by  Mr.  H.  L.  Viereck);  Ohio  (S,  San- 
dusky, Cedar  Point,  July  2,  1903). 

Hyptia  uycioides  n.  sp. 

(Fig.  4.) 

Entirely  coal-black.  Clothed  with  white  hairs.  Head  seen  from  above  dis- 
tinctly trausverse-qnadrate,  the  eyes  rather  prominent;  the  anterior  margin  not 
convex  or  mesally  emarginate.  Profile  rounded  above,  eyes  high,  slightly 
oblique  ;  temples  broadened  below  ;  malar  space  one-fourth  the  length  of  the  eye. 
Face  from  in  front  almost  round,  eyes  not  prominent,  no  antennal  basin  or  inter- 
antennal  carina;  extreme  apex  of  mandibles  red,  the  rest  black:  only  a  quite 
indistinct  carina  separating  the  face  from  the  cheeks;  face  and  clypeus  scarcely 
swollen  ;  forehead,  vertex,  temples  and  cheeks  closely,  not  very  coarsely,  evenly 
punctured,  the  punctures  in  rows  on  the  temples;  the  face  roughly  but  rather 
shallowly  reticulate-punctured  ;  the  compound  eyes  small,  the  antenna;  inserted 
below  their  middle,  nearly  filiform';  scape  one-sixth  as  long  as  the  flagellum,  less 
than  one-fifth  longer  than  joints  3 -4- 4;  pedicel  four-fifths  as  long  as  the  third 
joint.  Alitrunk  short  and  stout;  proiiotum  scarcely  prolonged,  slightly  trans- 
versely incurved;  humeral  angles  sharp;  mesonotum  and  scutellum  distinctly 
convex;  punctuations  on  them  smooth,  close,  a  little  coarser  than  on  the  fore- 
head ;  those  on  the  propodeum  above  the  petiole  close,  numerous  and  smooth, 
but  only  about' one-half  the  diameter  of  those  on  the  dorsum  proper;  the  lateral, 
anterior  and  parapsidal  grooves  wanting;  the  whole  niesopleura'  smooth  and 
highly  polished,  two  or  three  pits  in  a  longitudinal  row  across  the  centre ;  the 
venter  with  numerous  coarser  punctures,  coarsest  on  the  metaventer;  the 
sculpture  of  the  metapleurse  and  sides  of  the  propodeum  as  shown  in  Fig.  4 ; 
the  propodeum  posteriorly  and  below  the  petiole  shallowly,  not  very  coarsely 
reticulate. 

The  tibial  spur  is  one-half  the  length  of  the  metatarsus;  the  latter  is  one-fifth 
longer  than  joints  2-5  together;  the  tibise  are  minutely  spinulose.  The  wings 
are  hyaline. 

The  petiole  is  closely,  moderately  coarsely  punctuicd.  The  abdomen  is  orbic- 
ular and  polished.     Length  5.5  mm. 

Hab.—^ew  Jersey  (Fanninjxdale,  July  14,  1899,  H.  L.  Viereck). 
Type. — In  the  author's  collection  (one  specimen). 

TRANE.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  IMaY.  1908 


160  FAMILY    EYANIID^E. 

Hyptia  prosetetlietra  n.  sp. 

(Fig.  1.) 

Black,  except  tbe  prothorax,  mesonotuni,  scutelluiu  and  most  of  the  rueso- 
pleurse  red.  Clotlied  with  white  hairs.  Head  seen  from  above  transverso-quad. 
rate  ;  the  anterior  edge  slightly  emarginate ;  posterior  corners  rounded  ;  the  eyes 
slightly  prominent.  Profile  rounded  above;  eyes  oblique;  temples  narrow 
above,  considerably  broader  below;  malar  space  less  than  one-third  the  length  of 
the  eye.  Face  from  in  front  ovate,  almost  round,  more  pointed  below;  eyes  not 
prominent;  no  autennal  basin  or  interantennal  carina;  apex  of  mandibles  red, 
their  base  black;  the  cheeks  are  separated  from  the  face  only  by  an  indistinct 
carina,  extending  but  a  short  distance  along  the  margin  of  the  eye  ;  face  and  cly- 
peus  not  swollen  ;  face,  forehead,  vertex,  temples  and  cheeks  closely,  coarsely 
and  umbilicately  punctured,  the  punctures  coarser  and  more  distinct  than  in  H. 
huptiogastris :  even  and  smooth  on  the  forehead,  vertex  and  temples,  rough  on 
the  face;  arranged  in  two  or  three  rows  on  the  temples;  the  antennse  inserted 
below  the  middle  of  the  compound  eyes;  filiform;  scape  a  little  less  than  one- 
fifth  as  long  as  the  flagellum;  one-fifth  longer  than  joints  3 -f- 4;  pedicel  three- 
fifths  as  long  as  the  third  joint.  Alitrunk  short  and  stout.  Pronotum  slightly 
prolonged  into  a  collar,  transversely  incurved  mesally  ;  humeral  angles  rather 
sharp;  mesonotum  and  scutellum  strongly  convex  ;  lateral  and  anterior  grooves 
absent;  the  parapsidal  grooves  absent,  except  for  a  slight  impression  near  the 
anterior  margin  ;  the  polished  area  on  the  mesopleurse  is  large,  with  two  small 
pits  on  the  posterior  part  and  one  larger  one  above  ;  the  groove  is  long  and  deep, 
extending  to  the  coxte  ;  the  anterior  swelling  full,  with  a  few  quite  small  punc- 
tures; the  mesoventer  also  with  small  punctures;  the  metaventer  more  coarsely 
punctured;  the  mesonotum  and  scutellum  closely,  coarsely  and  umbilicately 
punctured,  the  punctures  large,  smaller  on  the  propodeum  above  the  petiole, 
reticulate  below  the  petiole.  The  sculpture  of  the  metapleuise  and  sides  of  the 
propodeum  is  as  shown  in  Fig.  1 ;  furcula  with  only  very  short  lobes. 

The  tibiae  are  minutely  spinulose.     The  wings  are  hyaline. 

The  j)etiole  is  punctured  on  the  side,  a  very  narrow  smooth  stripe  above.  The 
abdomen  is  orbicular  and  polished.     Length  6.5  mm. 

Hah. — Tiftoii,  Georgia. 

Type. — In  the  U.  S.  National    Museum.     A  specimen    without 
locality  in   the  collection  of  the  American  Entomological  Society. 

Hyptia  hypiiogastris  n.  sp. 

(Fig.  2.) 
Black;  the  face  below  the  antenna;,  the  dorsum  and  the  upper  part  of  the 
pleurae  red  ;  front  legs  brown.  Clothed  with  white  hairs.  Head  seen  from  above 
strongly  transverse;  the  anterior  margin  neither  noticeably  prominent  nor  me- 
.sally  emarginate.  Profile  rather  broad,  rounded  above;  eyes  nearly  straight; 
forehead  flat ;  temples  not  much  widened  below ;  malar  space  not  one-half  the 
length  of  the  eyes.  Face  from  in  front  oval,  a  little  jjointed  below  ;  eyes  slightly 
prominent;  no  antennal  basin;  apex  of  mandibles  red,  their  base  black;  the 
cheeks  are  separated  from  the  face  by  an  indistinct  carina,  jiassing  from  the 
upper  angle  of  the  base  of  the  mandibles  to  the  eyes,  then   within  and  close  to 


J.    (CHESTER    BRAJJLEY.  161 

their  inner  margin  to  tbe  altitude  of  the  antennae ;  face  and  clypeus  soinevvliat 
swollen  into  a  tubercle  in  the  middle;  face,  forehead,  vertex,  temples  and  cheeks 
closely,  coarsely  and  umbilicately  punctured,  tbe  punctures  more  even  and 
smooth  on  the  forehead,  vertex  and  temples,  arranged  in  rows  on  the  latter;  no 
carinse  between  the  antennje;  these  inserted  below  the  middle  of  the  compound 
eyes;  filiform  ;  scape  a  little  under  one-fifth  as  long  as  the  fiagelluni;  a  little 
under  one-sixth  longer  than  joints  3  -f- 4 ;  pedicel  three-fifths  as  long  as  thethird 
joint.  Alitrunk  short  and  stout,  tapering  posteriorly  ;  pronotum  not  forming  a 
distinct  collar ;  humeral  angles  rather  sharp;  mesonotum  and  scutellum  some- 
what convex;  with  indistinct  parapsidal  and  no  anterior  or  lateral  grooves; 
vertical  part  of  the  pronotum  smooth,  polished,  impunctate;  the  polished  area  on 
the  raesopleurse  large,  shading  below  into  a  punctured  area;  the  groove  for  the 
reception  of  the  legs  rather  deep  and  prolonged  ;  the  anterior  swelling  and  tbe 
entire  venter  and  the  coxfe  are  thickly  covered  with  large,  sometimes  confluent 
punctures,  among  which  are  numerous  minute  shallow  punctulations;  the  sculp- 
ture of  the  mesopleurse  and  forward  part  of  the  propodeum  is  as  shown  in  Fig.  2; 
entire  dorsum  to  the  petiole  coarsely  evenly  punctured,  propodeum  below  the 
petiole  shallowly  reticulate;  middle  coxse  moderately  far  apart;  furcula  con- 
sisting of  two  short  tubercles. 

The  tibiae  are  minutely  spinulose.     The  wings  are  hyaline. 

Petiole  smooth  and  polished  on  the  very  top,  obliquely  wrinkled  and  striate 
on  the  sides.     Abdomen  orbicular,  smooth,  polished.     Length  6.5  mm. 

Hub. — Georgia  (Tifton). 

Ti/pe. — In  the  United  States  National  Museum. 

Hyptia  texaii»  n.  sp. 

(Fig.  5.) 
9- — Black;  the  four  anterior  legs  beyond  the  coxse  testaceous.  Head  and 
entire  dorsum  closely,  coarsely,  umbilicately  punctured,  the  face  less  coarsely 
and  more  shallowly.  Antennae  filiform,  the  scape  a  little  over  one-fifth  longer 
than  joints  3  +  4;  pedicel  four-fifteenths  the  length  of  the  scape,  over  one-half 
the  length  of  joint  3;  joints  3  and  4  equal.  Humeral  angles  rather  sharp;  meso- 
pleurffi  smooth  and  polished,  the  anterior  swelling  punctured;  lateral  area  of  the 
propodeum  consisting  of  three  rows  of  oblong  interstices  (Fig.  28).  Posterior 
tibial  spur  one-third  the  length  of  the  metatarsus;  the  latter  longer  than  the 
remaining  joints  together;  claw  with  a  small  tooth  within.  Petiole  obliquely 
coarsely  wrinkled,  above  less  distinctly  wrinkly-punctate. 

Hab. — Texas  (Galveston,  May,  F.  H.  Snow,  1  specimen). 
Type. — In  the  collection  of  the  University  of  Kansas. 

Hyptia  brevioalcar  Kieifer. 
1904.     Hyptia  brevicalcar  Kieifer,  Ark.  f.  Zool.,  i.  p.  541. 

•"J,.  L.  6  mm.  Schwarz.  Mandibein  braun.  Gesicht  schwach  bfehaart,  und 
sowie  die  Stirne  und  der  Scheitel  netzartig  punktiert;  letztere  unbehaart: 
Scblafen  nach  unten  ervveitert,  mit  einigen  sehr  groben  Liingsrunzeln,  dazswis- 
chen  grob  punktiert;  Wangen  halb  so  lang  wie  der  schaft,  grob  punktiert,  vom 
Gesicht  durch  eine  tiefe  und  breite  sich  am  inneren  Augenrande  noch  fortset- 
zende  Furche  getrennt;  zwei  sehr  feine  nach  aussen  bogig  gekriimmte  Furchen 
reichen  von  den  Antennen  bis  zum  Munde  und   begrenzen  einen   elliptischen 

TEANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (21)  MAY.  1908. 


162  FAMILY     EVANIID^. 

gewolbten  Raum  ;  Stiriie  fast  flach.  kaum  eingedriickt.  Fiihler  diinkelbraui). 
kaum  vor  der  Augeiiniitte  inseriert;  vor  ihnen  keine  wallaitige  Eihebnng; 
Scliaft  so  lang  wie  die  3  folgeiiden  Glieder  niitsamnien  ;  2.  Glied  die  Hiilfte  des  3. 
weuig  iiherragend  ;  dieses  fast  doppelt  so  lang  als  dick,  nur  wenig  liinger  als  das 
4.  Tlioiax  oberseits  mit  grobeii,  sich  beriibreiiden  uiid  benabelten  Punkteii ; 
Teguhe  gelb;  Parapsidenfurclien  fehlend  ;  Piop]euien  geruiizelt;  Mesopleuren 
in  der  obereu  hinteren  Hiilfte  gliinzend  glatt,  vorne  und  unten  grol)  punktiert; 
Metapleuren  und  hinterer  senkrecbt  abfallender  Teil  des  Metanotunis  grob  net- 
zartig  geninzelt ;  Metasteinalfortsatz  kuiz,  ungegabelt,  nur  ausgeiandet,  Fliigel 
glasbell ;  Medialader  vorliandeii  ;  Hinteifliigel  mit  einer  Subcostalader  und  4 
Frenalbiickchen.  Beine  dunkelbraun,  die  vorderen  rotbraun  ;  hinteie  Hiiften 
punktiert  und  behaart,  von  den  mittleren  uni  ibre  ganze  Liinge  entfernt ; "lan- 
gerer  Sporn  der  hinteren  Tibien  nur  ein  Drittel  des  metatarsus  erreicbend  ; 
dieser  so  lang  wie  die  4  folgenden  Glieder  mitsamnieu.  Abdomenstiel  rotbraun, 
walzeniund,  doppelt  so  lang  wie  sein  Abstand  voni  Vorderrande  des  Metano- 
tunis, oberseits  glatt,  mit  einigen  Punkteni,  seitlich  schrag  gefurcbt.    Wisconsin." 

I  mil  Luiahle  to  determine  the  relation  of  this  species  to  our  other 
American  species  from  the  above  description,  and  have  omitted  it 
from  the  key. 

THE  EXOTIC  EVANIIN^. 

TABLE  TO  THE  GENERA  OF  EVANIIN^. 

1.  Abdomen  of  tbe  female  distinctly  triangular,  tbe  apex  produced  into  a  short 

process  from  which  issues  the  ovipositor  (Fig.  IS) ;  abdomen  of  the 
male  more  or  less  narrowly  oval ;  antennse  inserted  in  a  single  dis- 
tinctly impressed  basin,  bordered  usually  at  least  on  the  lower  side  by 
a  carina;  usuallyan  interantennal  carina  ])resent ;  metauotum  as  seen 
from  the  side  more  or  less  deeply  depressed,  the  sides  of  the  depres- 
sion abrupt  (Fig.  62),  (Tribe  Evaniini) (2). 

Al)domen  of  the  female  nearly  circular  (rarely  somewhat  triangular),  the  apex 
not  produced  into  a  process  (or  rarely  slightly  produced) ;  abdomen  of 
the  male  the  same  shape  as  that  of  the  female  (sometimes  oval  in 
Evaniella);  antenna'  not  inserted  in  a  distinct  impressed  basin,  at  least 
without  any  carina  below  or  beside  them,  rarely  if  ever  between 
them,  the  front  usually  distinctly  convex;  metauotum  as  seen  from 
the  side  less  deeply  de])ressed,  the  sides  sloping  gi-adually  (Fig.  63), 
(Tribe  Hyptiini) (5). 

2.  Front  wings  with  the  cell  E  -|-  1st  Ri  and  M^^  not  coalescent,  M3+.t  and  r-m 

usually  not  interstitial,  but  strongly  arcuate  (Figs.  75-79) (3). 

[Cells  R  +  1st  El  and  M4  coalescent;  M:i-f4  and  r-m  interstitial,  forming  a 
nearly  straight  line  (Fig.  82) Evaiiisciis  Szepligeti.*] 

3.  Posterior  tibiie  and  tarsi  provided  with  very  distinct  stout  spines,  arranged 

rather  regularly  over  their  surface ...  .(4). 

Posterior  tibiie  and  tarsi  without  any  spines  (Fig.  60) ;  labium  modified  into 
a  highly  chitinized  pear-shaped  plate,  which  nearly  covers  and  con- 
ceals the  ligula  (Figs.  28  and  29) Fvaiiia  Fabricius. 

■■•■  I  have  not  seen  tliis  genus,  but  lieiieve  that  it  belongs  in  the  llyjitiini 
rather  than  here. 


J.    CHESTKK    BRADLEY. 


163 


4.  Labium  modified  into  a  higlily  chitiiiized   pear-shaped   plate,    wliicli  iiearly 

covers  and  conceals  the  lifiula.     Hab. — Hawaii. 

Szepligetella  n.  fzen. 
Labium  consisting  of  a  much  narrower  less  chitinized  oval  plate,  longitudi- 
nally divided  in  the  middle;    the  ligula  much   longer  and  not  con- 
cealed 'Fig.  26).     Hab.— Austro-Malayan  and  Australian   subregions 
of  the  Australian Acanlliiuevaiiia  n.  gen. 

5.  Forewings  with  only  one  or  two  completely  enclosed  cells (8). 

Forewings  with  sis  or  seven  completely  closed  cells 6). 

6.  Forewings  with  seVen  completely  closed  cells,  the  base  of  the  free  part  of  M 

arising  from  the  radius  near  the  stigma  (Fig.  83). 

Evaniella  Bradley. 

Forewings  with  only  six  completely  closed  cells  (Figs.  81  and  82],  or  if  with 

seven,  then  the  base  of  the  free  part  of  M  arising  from  the  radius  far 

before  the  stigma  (Fig.  80) (T). 

7.  Base  of  the  free  part  of  M  between  m-cu  and  E  wanting,  or  indistinct  and 

arising  from  R  far  anterior  to  the  stigma  (Figs.  80  and  81 1. 

Zeiixevaiiia  Kieffer. 
Base  of  the  free  part  of  M  present  between  m-cu  and  E,  wanting  between  m- 
cu  and  r-m,  so  that  cells  R  +  1st  R^  and  M  are  coalesced  (Fig.  82). 

Evaiiiscus  Szepligeti. 

8.  Forewings  with  only  the  cells  C  and  M  present  and  distinctly  closed  (Figs.  84 

and  85) (9). 

Forewings  with  only  cell  C  present  and  closed  (Figs.  86  and  87) (10). 

9.  Flagellura  of  the  female  suddenly  clavate  from  about  the  middle  (Fig.  55)  ; 

mesopleurae  with  a  distinctly  polished  impunctate  area;  claws  with 
the  inner  ray  much  larger  and  stouter  than  the  outer  ray  (Fig.  51). 

Semseomyia  n.  gen. 
Flagellum  of  the  female  evenly  thickened   from  base  to  apex;    mesopleura; 
without  any  polished  impunctate  area  ;  claws  with  the  outer  ray  much 
the  larger  and  more  prominent  (Fig.  53). 

SeniJeodogaster  Bradley  {=  Brachygaster  preoc). 

10.  Cubitus  present  in  the  front  wings  (Fig.  86) ;  hind  legs  always  much  shorter 

than  in  any  other  genus  of  the  subfamily  that  I  have  seen  (Fig.  61 1. 

Hyptia  lUiger. 

Cubitus  absent,  so  that  there  are  only  two  veins  present  in  the  front  wings, 

Cand  Sc  +  R  -H  M  (Fig.  87) Evaiiielliis  Enderlein. 

EVAJVIA  Fabr. 

Type. — Evania  appendigaster  Linn. 

For  the  description  of  this  genus  see  the  first  part  of  this  papei\ 
There  are  63  species  of  which  35  come  from  the  Neotropical  region. 
The  species  of  the  Palearctic  region  are  well  tabulated  by  Szepli- 
geti.*    He  includes  chinensu,  however,  in  his  Oriental  region. 

E.  appendigaster  wiA  not  be  included  in  any  of  the  tables  except 


*  Annales  Musei  Nationaiis  Hungarici,  i,  p.  379,  1903. 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  MAY.  1908. 


164  FAMILY    EVANIID^. 

the  following,  although  it  has  become  naturalized  in  every  region. 
The  student  should  become  familiar  with  it  before  using  any  of  the 
other  keys.  Probal)ly  the  majority  of  the  Neotropical  species  really 
belong  to  Evaniella. 

TABLE  TO  THE  SPECIES  OF  EVANIA  OF  THE  PALEARCTIC  EEGION. 

1.  European  and  Mediterranean  subregions (2). 

Manchurian  subregiou (9>. 

2.  Face  and  cheeks  longitudinally  and  obliquely  striate (6). 

Face  and  cheeks  not  striate,  but  wrinkled,  punctate  or  smooth (3). 

3.  Sciitellum  flat,  undivided (4). 

Scutelluni  convex,  emarginate  and  therefore  two  lobed  ;  face  and  niesonotum 

punctured  ;  forehead  depressed.f sclileltereri  Kohl. 

4.  Forehead  excavated (5). 

Forehead  flat;  face  and  mesonotum  smooth,  iiolished,  with  a  few  very  fine 

scattered  punctures.     Black sippeiidigaster  Linn. 

5.  Face  with    distinct  scattered    punctures;    mesonotum  with    numerous   sharp 

punctures.     The  petiole  and  more  or  less  of  the  thorax  red. 

diniicliala  Spinola 
Face  without  distinct  punctures.     Thorax  and  abdomen  black. 

coxalis  Kieffer. 

6.  Antennae  inserted  equidistant  from  the  anterior  margin  and  the  middle  of 

the  eyes (7). 

Antennae  inserted  near  the  middle  of  the  eyes flitbellala  Kieffer. 

7.  Head,  at  least  the  face,  white  tomentose;  front  excavated  ;  temjiles  wrinkled 

and  punctate (8). 

Head  smooth  and  polished  ;  front  convex,  except  foi-  a  small  depression  be- 
hind the  antenna,  traversed  by  a  longitudinal  carina;  temples  smooth. 

striaticeps  Kiefi'er. 

8.  Hind  wings  with  eleven  frenal  hooks;  face,  vertex  and  cheeks  nearly  smooth  ; 

propodeum  and  pleurae  weakly  tomentose punctata  Brulle. 

Hind   wings   with   eight  frenal   hooks;    face,   vertex   and    cheeks  as  thickly 
tomentose  as  the  forehead iut'erta  KieflFer. 

9.  Face  finely  and  thickly  punctured  cllinensi!«  Szepligeti. 

Evania  diniidiata  Spinola. 
Szepligeti  has  properly  credited  this  species  to  Spinola.  The 
reference  of  it  in  Schletterer  and  in  Dalle  Torre's  "  Catalogus 
Hymenopterorum  "  to  Fabricius,  Syst.  Piez.,  p.  179,  1804,  is  a  pure 
mistake.  Fabricius  does  not  mention  the  name,  and  Spinola  de- 
scribes it  as  a  new  species. 

TABLE  TO  THE  SPECIES  OF  EVANIA  OF  THE  ETHIOPIAN  REGION. 

1.  Wings  brown -^ (2). 

Wings  hyaline ► (3). 

•■•  Face  and  mesonotum  coarsely  wrinkled,  and  forehead  flat  in  crihratn  Seme- 
nov),  said  to  be  synonymous  with  schleUereri. 


J.    CHESTKK    BKADI.KY.  165 

Fort-head,    face  and   cheeks  exceptioiuilly  deeply,  longitudinally  channeled. 

Length  5.5  mm villous*  Enderlein.  Kamernn. 

Forehead  weakly  punctured,  face  and  cheeks  smooth.     Length  10-11  mm. 

ruiiiipeniiiw  Enderlein.  Kamerun. 
Forehead,  face   and    cheeks   apparently   wrinkly  longitudinally   striate,    but 
obscured  by  the  thick   pubescence.     Length  6  mm. 

iiyuMSica  Enderlein,  German  East  Africa. 

3.  Furcnia  with  parallel  tynes  or  undivided (4). 

Furciila  with  strongly  diverging  tyties;  mesonotum  rather  finely  and  densely 

punctate.     Length  3.5  mm pusilla  Scbletterer,  Gold  Coast. 

4.  Habitat,  .Madagascar.     Black,  base  of  flagellnm  and  legs  more  or  less  pale. 

aniinensis  Spinola,  Madagascar. 
Habitat,  Cape  of  Good  Hope (-^J- 

5.  Face,  forehead  and  vertex  smooth,  polished  and  impunctate.    Black.     Length 

5  nim capensis  Schletterer,  Cape  of  Good  Hope. 

Face  with  fine  scattered  punctures;  forehead  finely  shagreened  above  the 
antennae.  Black,  the  base  of  the  anteunse  and  the  front  legs  yellow, 
apex  of  the  petiole  white.     Length  3  mm. 

levigena  Kieffer,  Kaffraria. 

TABLE  TO   THE   SPECIE:S  OF  EVANIA  OF  THE  ORIENTAL    REGION. 
INCLUDING   LOMBOK. 

1.  Hiudostan,  Ceylonese  and  Indo-Chinese  subregions (2). 

Malayan  subregion ( ')• 

2.  Furcula  diverging (5)- 

Furcula  with  parallel  tynes (3). 

3.  Wings  hyaline;  petiole  aciculate  or  smooth  ;  Length  4  mm.  or  less (4). 

Wings   smoky  ;    face   with   a   distinct   mesal    keel  ;    petiole   rather  coarsely 

obliquely  wrinkled.     Color  black.     Length  8-9  mm. 

autennalis  Westwood,  India  and  Ceylon. 

4.  Face  and  cheeks  very  finely  longitudinally  to  obliquely  striate,  and  with  a 

scarcely  perceptible  mesal  longitudinal  keel ;  mesonotum  shining  and 
smooth,  scarcely  perceptibly  punctured;  petiole  longitudinally  acicu- 
late.    More  or  less  rufous dolichopus  Schletterer,  Ceylon. 

Face  and  cheeks  more  coarsely  obliquely  to  longitudinally  striate;  a  distinct 
mesal  longitudinal  carina;  mesonotum  thickly  punctured;  petiole 
smooth  and  polished ery lhro>«oina  Schletterer.  Ceylon. 

5.  Thorax  black.     Face  without  distinct  keels (6). 

Thorax  black;  face  and  cheeks  strongly  longitudinally  striate;   mesonotum 

rugose-punctured;  petiole  smooth  and  polished,  with  a  few  shallow 
punctures  anteriorly.  Black  ;  tlie  ba.se  of  the  flagelluni,  of  the  petiole, 
the  four  anterior  legs,  apex  of  the  posterior  coxte,  the  trochanters  and 
the  basal  fourth  of  the  femora  brownish-yellow  ;  wings  clear  grayish- 
brown  solox   Enderlein,  Lower  Burma. 

Thorax  red  ;  base  of  the  flagellum  white;  face  with  a  keel  on  each  side  below 
the  eyes.     Length  6-7  mm. 

curvicariiiata  Cameron,  Khasia  Hills,  India. 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  HOC.  XXXIV.  MaY,  1908 


166  FAMILY    EVANIID.E. 

(i.  Legs  marked  with  white albitarisiis  Cameron,  Khasia  Hills,  India. 

Legs  not  marked  with  wliite.  Color  black,  except  the  four  anterior  legs  are 
brown,  the  petiole  and  propodeum  posteriorly  pale.  Length  3-3.5 
mm bracliystylujii  Schletter,  Ceylon. 

7.  Face  striate (8). 

Face  not  striate (14). 

8.  Abdomen  black  or  brown.     Length  about  6  mm (10). 

Abdomen  reddish-yellow.     Length  8  mm (9). 

9.  Face  strongly  striate;  ocelli  as  far  from  each  other  as  from  the  compound  eyes; 

petiole  wrinkled.     Color  black. .  -piibipeunis  Szepligeti,  Lonibok. 
Face  finely  striate;   ocelli  farther  from  the  compound  eyes  than  from  each 
other;  petiole  scarcely  wrinkled.     Color  yellowish-red. 

piilciira  Szepligeti,  Lombok. 

10.  Habitat,  Java 11. 

Habitat,  Singapore  or  the  Phillipines.     Length  4.5  mm.  or  less.     Posterior 

tibiae  with  a  yellow  or  white  ring;  first  three  to  five  joints  of  the  an- 
tennae red  ;  forehead  punctured  or  with  a  finely  striate  area  on  each 
side  and  a  smooth  space  between (13). 

11.  Dorsum    reticulate;   length  6  mm.;    forehead    strongly  striate  or  with  two 

strife  on  each  side  and  one  in  the  middle,  the  rest  interrupted  by  a 
smooth  spot  above  each  antenna.  Entirely  black,  except  the  four 
anterior  tibise  and  tarsi  are  brown,  joints  2,  3  and  sometimes  4  are  yel- 
lowish-white, and  the  base  of  the  posterior  tibiae  may  be  white-  • .  (12). 
Dorsum  rather  coarsely  and  thickly  punctured  ;  length  4.5  mm.;  forehead 
smooth  and  polished,  except  for  five  carinae.  Rnst-'red,  except  the 
head  above,  antennae  beyond  the  fourth  joint,  posterior  legs  except  the 
coxae,  trochanters  and  base  of  the  tibiae  are  black  ;  the  face  and  cheeks, 
apical  half  of  the  petiole  and  the  aVidomen  are  dark  brown  ;  antennal 
joints  2-4.  base  of  the  posterior  tibiae  and  basal  half  of  the  petiole  yel- 
lowish-white  multicolor  KieflTer.  Java. 

12.  Forehead  with  two  strong  carinas  on  each  side  close  to  the  eye,  and  another 

in  the  middle,  the  rest  interrupted  below  the  middle  by  a  smooth  area 
above  each  antenna.  Base  of  the  posterior  tibiae  not  ringed  with 
white ;  antennal  joints  2,  3  and  4  dirty  yellowish  in  the  female. 

enderleiiii  n.  sp..  Java. 

Forehead,  face  and  cheeks  finely  striate,  the  middle  carina  more  prominent 

than  the  others.     Tibiae  at  base  and  joints  2  and  3  of  the  antennse 

white anniilata  Taschenburg,  Java. 

13.  Forehead  coarsely  i)unctured  ;  length  4.5  mm.     Broad  baud  at  the  base  of 

the  hind  tibiie,  and  the  tibial  spurs  yellowish-white;  first  five  seg- 
ments of  the  antennae  honey-yellow. 

ailiilllipes  Ashmead,   Phillipines. 
Forehead  on  both  sides  finely  striated,  in  the  middle  a  fine  keel,  and  the 
space  between  smooth  ;    length  2.2  mm.      Ring  at  base  of  the  hind 
tibiie  and  the  first  three  antennal  segments  only,  yellowish-red. 

szepligelii  n.  nom.  {=  parva  Szepligeti,  nom.  preoc),  Siugai)ore. 

14.  Face  and  forehead  thickly  jmbescent,  apparently  without  sculpture.     Head, 

antennae  and  legs  yellowish-red.  I 

loinbokicii»ii»»  Szepligeti,  Lombok. 


J.  (;hestkr  brauley.  167 

Face  weakly  swollen,  smooth  and  polisliefl,  in  the  middle  a  small  tubercle. 
Yellowish-red;  the  head,  antennse,  hind  legs,  abdomen  and  petiole, 
except  the  apes,  black;  first  two  and  half  of  the  third  joint  of  llie 
fiagelluni,  apex  of  the  petiole,  troclianters  and  base  of  the  tibiae  while; 
anterior  and  middle  legs  except  the  coxa"  and  trochanters  brownish. 

kriegeriana  Enderlein,  West  Borneo. 

Kvaiiia  Nzepligelii  n.  nom. 
1903.      Evanla  parva  Szepligeti,  Ann.  Mus.  Nat.  Huiigai-ici,  vol. 
i,  page  381,  is  preoccupied  by  Evanla  parva  Enderlein,  Archiv.  liir 
Natiirg.,  1901,  p.  193. 

Evaiiia  enderleiiii  n.sp. 
(Fig.  59,  6.5  and  78.) 

'^  ,  9  . — Entirely  black,  except  tiie  four  anterior  tibise  and  tarM  are  brown,  and 
segments  2,  3  and  4  of  the  antennae  of  the  9  are  dirty  yellownsh-white.  Head 
seen  from  above  transverse  ;  eyes  very  prominent  and  with  but  little  space  behind 
them,  tiie  occiput  being  almost  wanting ;  posterior  ocelli  equally  far  from  each  other 
and  from  the  compound  eyes.  Profile  with  the  compound  eyes  projecting  above 
the  vertex  and  very  small,  scarcely  extending  below  tlie  level  of  the  anteunse,  so 
that  the  malar  space  is  about  equal  to  the  length  of  the  eyes.  The  clypeus  and 
face  are  very  convex  ;  about  six  carinte  on  each  side  of  the  face,  converging 
towards  the  apex  of  the  clypeus,  and  about  double  their  own  length  apart;  a 
more  strongly  marked  carina  in  the  centre;  about  five  carinse  on  the  cheeks  ex- 
tending from  the  base  of  the  eyes  to  the  mandibles;  the  temples  above  the  base 
of  the  eyes  and  the  vertex  behind  the  ocelli  are  coarsely  subreticulate.  The 
forehead  has  a  strong  mesal  carina,  and  two  carinse  on  each  side  parallel  to  the 
inner  margin  of  the  eyes,  the  remaining  carinse  are  interrupted  below  the  ocelli 
by  a  depressed  smooth  area  above  each  antenna;  this  area,  while  appearing 
smootl),  is  really  slightly  shagreened.  In  the  male  the  sculpture  of  the  head  is 
much  obscured  by  a  dense  whitish  vestiture.  which  is  present  on  the  head,  thorax 
and  propodeum  much  more  strongly  than  in  the  female,  giving  a  decided  silveiy 
sheen  ;  in  the  female  the  scape  is  very  long  (Fig.  59),  a  little  less  than  one-half  as 
long  as  the  flagellum  ;  at  the  end  of  the  scape  the  antenmc  are  strongly  elbowed, 
and  the  fiagelluni  is  thickened  and  strongly  recurved  at  joints  5-7;  joint  3  is 
about  the  length  of  joints  4  +  5,  which  are  about  equal  in  length  to  each  other, 
and  of  the  flagellum  only  the  first  joint  is  twice  as  long  as  broad  ;  in  the  male  the 
antennse  are  not  elbowed  or  recurved,  entirely  filiform,  much  longer  than  in  the 
female;  the  scape  about  the  length  of  joints  2  +  3;  the  latter  about  the  length  of 
joint  4  or  5,  which  are  subequal,  and  all  the  joints  of  the  flagellum  are  at  least 
twice  as  long  as  broad. 

Entire  thorax  and  propodeum  very  coarsely  reticulate,  except  the  ujiper  part  of 
the  mesopleurse  are  smooth  and  poii.shed,  and  the  entire  venter  is  more  shallowly 
and  le.ss  coarsely  reticulate;  the  humeral  angles  are  square;  mesonotal  grooves 
lacking;  the  furcula  has  divergent  but  blunt  and  not  very  long  tynes  (Fig.  65). 

The  wings  are  hyaline  (Fig.  78) ;  the  veins  M  beyond  m-cu,  Mj  +  j.  m  and  the 
longitudinal  part  of  Mj  are  very  faint.  The  posterior  coxaj,  femora  and  tibise  are 
coarsely  pun<'tured  and  hairy;  the  tarsal  claw  is  very  peculiar,  in  that  it  is  bifid 
and  the  inner  ray  much  stronger  and  longer  than  the  outer  ray,  and   thrown 

TBANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  MaY,  1908. 


168  FAMILY    EVANIID^. 

somewhat  out  of  plane  with  it;  both  are  strongly  incurved;  tiie  claw  of  the 
male  is  smaller;  the  longer  tibial  spur  is  a  little  less  than  one-half  as  long  as  the 
metatarsus,  this  is  as  long  as  the  remaining  joints  together;  a  few  minute  spines 
on  the  tibise,  flifficnlt  of  detection. 

Petiole  on  the  sides  obliquely  coarsely  wrinkled  ;  above  coarsely  punctured  ;  a 
little  longer  than  tlie  distance  from  its  base  to  the  metanotum.  Abdomen  of  the 
female  subtriangular,  the  pygidium  produced  into  a  point  in  which  the  ovipositor 
is  concealed. 

Hab. — Java,  3  males,  3  females. 

Type. — Male  and  female  in  the  collection  of  Cornell  University. 
The  type  female  shall  take  precedence  over  the  type  male  as  type 
of  the  species. 

TABLE  TO  THE  SPECIES   OF   EVANIA   OF  THE   NEOTROPICAL 

REGION. 

1.  Argentinian  and  Brazilean  subregions (2). 

Central  American  subregion (29). 

2.  Antennfe  filiform  or  gradually  thickened (3). 

AntennsB  incrassate  beyond  the  fifth  joint;  head  and  thorax  reticulate-rugose. 

Black  ;  mesonotum  and  legs  red.     I^ength  7  mm. 

paraeiisis  Spinola,  Brazil. 

3.  Furcula  with  more  or  less  distinct  tynes (4). 

Furcula  truncate,  without  distinct  tynes;  head  smooth,  very  finely  striate  in 

front;  dorsum  smooth,  polished.  Red;  scape  and  femora  darker; 
abdomen  brownish-red.     Length  6  mm. 

rufa.  Taschenberg,  Argentine  Republic. 

4.  Furcula  with  divergent  tynes (5). 

Furcula  with  parallel  tynes (11). 

5.  Petiole  smooth  and  polished (6). 

Petiole  rugose  or  striate (7). 

6.  Forehead  wrinkled  ;  face  very  finely  punctured  ;  cheeks  entirely  smooth  ;  ver- 

tex with  shallow  punctures.  Black;  face  and  cheeks  yellow;  the 
upper  half  of  the  thorax  red  ;  antennae  beneath  and  the  four  anterior 
legs  yellowish-red  ;  base  of  the  posterior  trochanters  white.     Length 

6  mm rulidorsuni  Szepligeti,  Brazil. 

Forehead  in  the  middle  and  above  the  antennie  finely  rugulose.  toward  the 
antennae  and  the  eyes  subcoarsely  punctured;  a  distinct  median 
carina;  face  longitudinally  cariuulate,  shining,  toward  the  antennae 
finely  longitudinally  striate;  cheeks  polished  with  very  fine  punc- 
tures; vertex  moderately  densely  punctate.  Black;  middle  of  the 
antennae  and  the  legs  more  or  less  white.     Length  7.5  mm. 

signata  Schletterer,  Colombia. 

7.  Face  not  striate (8). 

Face  with  a  few  indistinct  striie;  two  arcuate  carina  running  from  the  base  of 

the  antennae  to  the  mandibles;  cheeks  and  temples  smooth,  polished, 
with  a  few  scattered  punctures;  forehead  witii  scattered  rather  coarse 
punctures,  among  which  fine  punctures  are  thickly  set;  mesonotum 
polished,  with  thickly  set  microscopic  punctures;  petiole  coarsely, 
rugosely  punctured.     Length  7  mm brevigeiia  Kieffer,  Brazil. 


J.    CHKiSTKR    BKADLKY.  161) 

8.  Face  fiuely  punctured  ;  cbeeks  and  forehead  sometimes  wrinkled i9). 

Head  coarsely  punctured.  Ferruginous;  head,  antennse. abdomen  and  poste- 
rior legs  black,  otlier  legs  brown.     Length  10.5  mm. 

iiobiliN  Westwood,  Brazil. 

9.  -Mesonotum  not  rugose;  petiole  one  and  one-luilf  times  as  long  as  the  distance 

from  its  origin  to  the  scutellum  ...    (10). 

Mesonotum  rugose  or  rugose-punctured [9a). 

\>(i.  .Mesonotum  weakly  shining,  thickly  and  finely  rugose-punctured,  also  with 
large  irregular  sliallow  punctures;  face  weakly  swollen,  polished,  very 
finely,  shailowly  and  thickly  punctured  ;  foreliead  and  vertex  thickly 
but  rather  finely  and  deeply  rugose-punctured.  Yellowish-red  ;  apex 
of  the  antenuie,   abdomen   and    hind    legs,   except    the   coxse,   black. 

Length  9  mm. iniiiiacei  Enderlein,  Peru. 

Mesonotum  strongly  rugose;  petiole  twice  as  long  as  the  distance  from  its 
origin  to  the  scutellum;  head  with  thick  but  not  deep  punctures: 
cheeks  with  a  few  punctures.  Black;  the  head  and  anteniise  except 
the  last  four  segments  and  the  apex  of  the  ninth  orange-yellow  ;  tar.si 
of  all  legs  and  tibiae  of  the  forelegs  brown.     Length  6  mm. 

hiCns<Jii  Enderlein,  Ecuador. 

10.  Clieeks,  forehead  and  vertex  wrinkled;  mesonotum  with  punctures  confluent 

mesally  ;  petiole  one  and  one-half  times  as  long  as  the  distance  of  its 
origin  from  the  scutellum.  Yellowish-red  ;  the  abdomen  and  apex  of 
the  antennte  black  ;  posterior  tibipe  and  tarsi  brown.     Length  8  mm. 

pulcherriina  Szepligeti,  Brazil. 
Head  smooth  and  polished  ;  forehead  and  vertex  not  wrinkled,  but  very 
finely  punctured  ;  face  with  microscopic  scattered  punctures;  should- 
ers strongly  right  angled  ;  mesonotum  smooth,  polished,  with  only 
minute  punctures;  petiole  finely  longitudinally  striate.  Length  4.5 
mm longitarsiN  Kietfer,  Brazil. 

11.  Propodeum  with  a  smooth  polished  area  around  the  petiole 12i. 

Propodeum  reticulate  around  the  petiole,  except  sometimes  above  it..  •    (13). 

12.  Entire  head  and  dorsum  smooth  and   polished;  petiole  rugosely  punctured. 

Length  5  mm politst  Schletterer,  South  America. 

Face  smooth  and  polished  in  front,  longitudinally  wrinkled  toward  the  eyes 
and  antennae;  rest  of  the  head  punctured  to  rugose-punctured  ;  meso- 
notum with  moderately  large,  mesally  dense  punctures;  i)etiole  smooth 
and  polished.     Length  8  ram areolata  Schletterer.  Brazil. 

13.  Tibial  spur  two-thirds  as  long  as  the  metatarsus  or  nearly  so •  •  •  -(14). 

Tibial  spur  not  over  one-half  as  long  as  the  metatarsus (20). 

14.  Petiole  smooth  or  punctured (15). 

Petiole  rugose  or  striate (18). 

15.  Petiole  with  large  isolated  punctures  (see  concolor) (20). 

Petiole  smooth  and  polished 16). 

11).  Mesonotum  (at  least  slightly)  and  scutellum  punctured 17). 

Mesonotum  smooth,  polished  ;  scutellum  wrinkled  ;  head  polished,  the  sculp- 
ture obscured  by  vestituie.  Black;  the  antenna- and  legs  beyond  tlie 
apex  of  tlie  femora  brownish-red.     Length  5  mm. 

ciirvipes  Taschenberg.  Argentine  Republic. 

TKANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (22)  MAY.  1908. 


170  FAMILY     EVANIID^. 

17.  Forehead   not  wrinkled,  irregularly,  rather  coaisely,  confluently  punctured 

on  the  sides,  and  minutely  in  the  center ;  well  separated,  moderately 
large  punctures  on  the  mesonotum  in  front  and  along  the  deep  j)arap- 
sidal  grooves,  fine  irregular  punctures  posteriorly;  scutelluni  with 
moderately  large  separated  punctures.  Black;  the  prouotum  and 
mesonotum  red ;  the  anterior  legs  yellow ;  the  four  posterior  legs 
brown  ;  the  base  of  the  trochanters  white.     Length  5  mm. 

Evaniella  caineroni  u.  sp.,  British  Guiana. 
Forehead    finely  obliquely  or  arcuately    wrinkled;    mesonotum    finely  and 
sparsely  punctate ;  parapsidal  lines  not  deep;  scutelluni   finely  punc- 
tate, the  punctures  obsolete  in  the  middle.     Black  ;  antennae  and  legs 
brown.     Length  4  mm   tarsaliN  Schletterer,  Colombia. 

18.  Head  and  dorsum  coarsely  punctured (see  nobilis,  7). 

Head  and  dorsum  finely  punctured (19) 

19.  Dorsum  strongly  rugose (see  hseiischi,  8) . 

Dorsum    with    scattered    fine    punctures   and    finer   ones   between.      Black. 

Length  5  mm calcarata  Schletterer,  Colombia,  Brazil. 

20.  Mesonotum  impunctate (21). 

Mesonotum  punctured i23). 

21.  Petiole  smooth  or  punctured (22 1. 

Petiole   longitudinally   striate;    head    finely    punctate;    scutelluni    laterally 

rugose.     Black  ;  anterior  legs  pale.     Length  4  mm. 

minor  Schletterer,  Brazil. 

22.  Petiole  smooth,  impunctate (see  curvipes,  14). 

Petiole  with  large  isolated  punctures.     Black;  the  anterior  tibiae  and  tarsi 

brown.     Length  5  mm. .  ..... .coiK'Olor  Tasclienberg,  Brazil. 

23.  Petiole  smooth  or  punctured  , (25;. 

,.  ...,0| 

Petiole  rugose (24 ). 

24.  Coarsely  punctate (see  nobilis,  7  . 

Head  and  dorsum   finely  punctate;    humeral   angles  rounded.     Black:   an- 
tennae and  the  forelegs  rusty  brown.     Length  5-5. ,5  mm. 

cariniilaia  Schletterer,  British  Guiana. 

25.  Humeral  angles  shari i26). 

Humeral  angles  rounded  ;  head  finely  punctate;  mesonotum  smooth,  several 

large  shallow  punctures  in  the  center.     Black.     Length  5  mm. 

dispersa  Schletterer,  Colombia. 

26.  Petiole  smooth  and  polished (27). 

Petiole  closely  punctured.     Black;   bead,  thorax    and    petiole   more  or  less 

reddish  ;  four  anterior  legs  pale.     Length  6  mm. 

ferruginesceu**  Schletterer.  Venezuela. 

27.  Habitat,  Brazilean  subregion (28). 

Habitat,  Argentinean  subregion.     Black.     Length  5  mm. 

Cllileiisis  Spinola,  Chile. 

28.  Tibial  spurs  equaling  one-half  the  length  of  the  metatarsus;  joint  3  of  the 

antennte  in  the  male  at  lease  four  times  as  long  as  the  pedicel,  the 
fourth   five  time  as  long.     Black;    head    reddish,   four   anterior   legs 

pale.     Length  7  mm j^eiiiiiiata  Schletterer,  Colombia. 

Tibial  sjjur  not  one-half  as  long  as  the  metatarsus;  joint  3  of  the  antennsB  in 
the  male  only  three  times  as  long  as  the  pedicel,  the  fourth  tliree  to 


J.    CHESTKK    BRADLKY.  171 

three  and  one-half  times  as  long  as  the  pedicel.  Black  ;  thorax  ferru- 
ginous; antennje,  four  anterior  legs  and  the  petiole  yellowish.  Length 
4.5-5  mm nana  Schletterer,  Brazil. 

29.  Furcula  with  distinctly  diverging  tynes (30). 

Furcula  with  parallel  tynes (33). 

30.  Face  distinctly  punctured (31). 

Face  impunctate,  carinate  in  the  center  and  less   distinctly  so  laterally;  a 

very  strong  interautennal  process;  humeral  angles  rounded  ;  nicsono- 
tum  with  large  separated  punctures.     Black.     Length  11-12  mm. 

tiiK^tipeiinis  Cameron,  Costa  Eica,  Panama. 

31.  Color  chiefly  black (32). 

Color  entirely  rusty  red.     Length  8  mm lerrii^afiiiea  Kiefler,  Mexico. 

32.  Black;  wings  hyaline.     Length  9.5  mm fascialis  Spinola,  Mexico. 

Black;  face  white;  wings  smoky.     Length  11-12  mm. 

albofacialis  Cameron,  Panama. 

33.  Mesonotum    smooth   and    polished,  punctured  only  on  the  anterior  holder, 

sometimes  wrinkled  laterally  but  smooth  in  the  middle  .......    (34). 

Mesonotum  punctured,  at  least  in  the  middle (35j. 

34.  Face   impunctate;    antero-lateral    angles   of    the    mesonotum    transversely 

wrinkled  with  punctures  in  the  wrinkles.     Black;  anteume  pale  in 

the  middle.     Length  6.5  mm. flagellata  Schletterer,  Mexico. 

Face  finely  scarry  punctate,  almost  shagreened  ;  antero-lateral  angles  of  the 
mesonotum  with  distinct  punctures,  among  which  are  minute  ones. 

Black.     Length  5  ram niaxiniiliana  Schletterer,  Mexico. 

:;5.  Parapsidal  grooves  distinct (36). 

Parapsidal  grooves  obsolete  ;  fac  nunctured.    Black;  pronotum  and 

mesothorax  red  ;  antennai  ^  '■rochanters  and  apex  of  the  peti- 

ole white.     Length  6.5  mm. ..  .t.  4aiiterala  Cameron,  Panama. 

.36.  Longer  tibial  spur  one-half  as  long  as  the  metatarsus  or  less i37). 

Longer  tibial  spur  three-fourths  as  long  as  the  metatarsus;  face  punctured, 
not  keeled  mesally.     Black;  face  white.     Length  8  mm. 

albit^pina  Cameron.  Panama. 

37.  Hind  coxa?  obscurely  or  finely  punctured (38). 

Hind  coxte  coarsely  to  rugosely  jtunctured (39). 

38.  Forehead  with  a  mesal  keel,  on  each  side  of  which  it  is  shagreened  ;  mesono- 

tum rugosely  punctured.  Black  ;  antennai  joints  2-4  and  apex  of  the 
petiole  white.  Length  7-8  mm.  .oriiatiooruis  Cameron,  Panama. 
Forehead  without  a  mesal  keel,  finely  punctured,  a  depression  above  each 
antenna;  middle  of  the  mesonotum  with  large  punctures,  sides  shin- 
ing, aciculated.  Thorax,  head,  scape  and  feet  in  part  red  ;  antennai 
joints  2-4,  trochanters  and  apex  of  the  petiole  white  ;  abdomen  black. 
Length  6.5  mm varii-oriiiK  Cameron,  Panama. 

39.  Mesonotum  mesally  with  large  deep  puncuires.  laterally  slightly  shagreem  d  ; 

scutellum  rugosely  punctured.      Black.     Jjciigib  7  mm. 

ru;;ifr4»ii»i  Cameron,  Panama. 
Mesonotum  mesally  subcoarsely  and  sparingly,  anteriorly  very  finely,  punc- 
tate, laterally  smooth;   scutellum  coarsely  and   rather  closely  punc- 
tate; posterior  cosaj  rugose-punctate  above.      Black;  thorax   feirngi- 
nous.     Length  6  mm robuf^ta  Schlettei'cr.  Mexico. 

TRANS.   AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  MAY.    1908. 


172  FAMILY    EYANIID^. 

SZEPLIGETKIiLA  n.  gen. 

Type. — Evania  sericea  Cameron. 

This  o-enus  differs  from  Acanthinevania  in  the  mouth  parts,  whicli 
rejiemble  more  closely  those  of  Evania;  the  Itibnim  is  broad  and 
highly  chitinized  and  the  ligula  long;  the  thii'd  joint  of  the  labial 
palpus  is  very  much  inflated,  two  or  three  times  as  broad  as  long. 
The  posterior  tibiae  and  tarsi  are  spin}^  as  in  Acanthinevania. 

So  far  only  one  species  is  known,  the  only  member  of  the  sub- 
family native  to  the  Hawaiian   Islands. 

I  take  great  pleasure  in  dedicating  this  genus  to  Herr  Victor 
Szepligeti,  whose  work  on  the  Evaniid?e  as  well  as  on  other  insects 
is  most  admirable. 

Szepligetella  sericea  Cameron. 

Three  males,  Kona,  Hawaii,  September,  1896  (Koebele) ;  July, 
1<S92,  600  feet  (Perkins).  One  female,  Kona,  Hawaii,  July,  1892, 
600  feet  (Perkins). 

Specimens  in  the  collection  of  the  U.  S.  National  Museum. 

.4CAI«THII«EVAKIA   n.  gen. 

Txjpe. — Evania  princeps  Westwood. 

This  genus  differs  from  Evania  in  the  arrangements  of  the  mouth- 
parts  and  in  the  spiny  character  of  the  posterior  tibiae.  The  labium 
consists  of  two  moderately  chitinized  plates  which  fold  in  the  mid- 
dle and  do  not  conceal  the  long  ligula ;  the  third  joint  of  the  labial 
palpi  is  not  dilated  and  thus  not  noticeably  different  fi-om  the  sec- 
ond (Fig.  26).  The  cheeks  are  usually  long,  and  the  head  seen 
from  in  front  has  usually  an  oblong  appearance.  The  spiny  char- 
acter of  the  posterior  legs  may  be  used  as  a  reliable  recognition 
character. 

The  genus  replaces  Evania  in  the  Australian  region.  The  two 
mingle  in  the  Malayan  subregion  of  the  Oriental,  and  two  African 
species  are  doubtfully  referred  to  this  genus. 

TABLE  TO  THE  SPE(UES  OF  ACANTHINEVANIA. 
Okikntal  Rkgion,  Malayan  Subkkgion. 

1.  Wines  liyaline  or  liglit  brown {2\. 

Wings  fusco-violaceus slit'llordi  Cameron,  Borneo. 

2.  Furciila  witli  divergent  tynes (3). 

Furcula  with  parallel  tynes  or  rudimentary (6i. 


J.    CHESTKR    BRADLEY.  178 

■i.  Winsis  light  brown  ;  mesonotum  wrinkled (5). 

Wiiiss  liyaline;  mesonotum  smooth,  with  a  few  scattered   jxinctiires (4t. 

4.  Petiole  oblitniely,  rather  coarsely  wrinkled:  humenii  angles  sharp.     Length 

7-7.5  mm Vfrrucoiiia  Schletterer,  Philippines. 

Petiole  very  finely  longitudinally  .striated  ;  humeral  angle.s  strongly  rounded. 

SiiinatreiiSiK  Enderlein,  Sumatra. 

5.  Petiole  wrinkled.     Length  8  mm alboaniinlala  Szepligeti,  Java. 

Petiole  shining,  the  wrinkles  obsolete.     Length  11  mm. 

orieii talis  Szepligeti,  Borneo. 
H.   Furcula  with   parallel  tynes;    propodeum  above  thickly  and  coarsely  punc- 
tured ;  mesonotum  with  coarse  scattered  punctures. 

impre.visa  Schletterer,  Philippines  and  Polynesian  subregion. 
Furcula  rudimentary;  propodeum  wiinkled  above;  mesonotum  with  micro- 
scopic punctures luicliolitzi  Enderlein,  Sumatra. 

AUSTR.\LIAN    EEGION,    AUSTRO    MALAYAN    AND    AUSTRALIAN    SUBREGIONS. 

1.  Head  and  mesonotum  distinctly  punctured,  wrinkled  or  striate  (finely  punc- 

tured and  weakly  shining  in  australiensis) (2). 

Head  and  me.sonotum  smooth  and  polished,  the  latter  with  a  few  scattered 
punctures.  Tibige,  tarsi  and  apex  of  the  femora  of  the  anterior  legs 
and  antennal  joints  4-7  rusty  yellow.     Length  9  mm. 

argeiiteocaiida  Enderlein,  New  Guinea. 

2.  Furcula  with  parallel  tynes (3i. 

Furcula  with  divergent  tynes.    Color  black...inagr<'tli  Schletterer,  Celebes. 

',].  Humeral  angles  sharp (8). 

Humeral  angles  rounded (4). 

4.  Face  wrinkled  or  striate (5  . 

Face  finely  punctured,  with  a  long  median  carina.     Length  7  mm. 

lucida  Schletterer,  Au.stralia. 

.").  Length  11-14  mm. ;  face  channeled  or  finely  striate (6). 

Length  4  mm.;  face  finely  wrinkled,  weakly  shining. 

aiiNtralieii!<iis  Szeplegeti,  New  South  Wales, 
(i.   Face  coarsely  longitudinally    channeled,   without  a  distinct    median    carina. 

Length  13-14  mm.  - .    (7). 

Face  finely  longitudinally  striate,  with  a  short  median  carina.  Length  11-12 
mm exinia  Sciiletterer,  Australia. 

7.  Forehead  longitudinally  wrinkled,  above,  together  with  the  vertex,  irregu- 

larly wrinkled;  temples  with  very  coarse  i)unctures,  almost  reticu- 
late; sides  of  the  face  and  forehead  and  the  temples  strongly  silvery 
hairy. 

prillCepM  Westwood.,  New  South  Wales  and  near  New  Guinea. 

Forehead  and  vertex  as  strongly  and  regularly  channeled  as  the  face;  temples 

longitudinally  striate,  with  coarse   punctures   between;    inner   orbit 

and  the  temples  weakly  hairy. .  .   strialifroiiK  Kieffer,  Australia. 

8.  Truucature  of  the  propodeum   concave,  witli  a  more  or  less  distinct   mesal 

angle (9). 

Truucature  of  the  propodeum  fiat  or  convex  (very  slightly  impressed  in  simi- 
lis  and  similata} (15). 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  MAY,  1908. 


174  FAMII.Y    EVANIID.E. 

9.  Truncature  of  the   propodeum    moderately  impressed,   the   surface   coarsely 

reticulate (10)- 

Truncature  of  the  propodeum  very  deeply  impressed,  the   middle   entirely 
smooth  ;  mesouotum  coarsely  and  sparingly  punctured. 

iiupi*es»«a  Schletterer,  Philipi)ines,  Polynesia  and  New  Guinea. 

10.  Face  with  a  few  longitudinal  wrinkles,  a  distinct  me.sal  carina,  and  some- 

times one  on  each  side,  in  addition  to  the  carina  separating  the  face 
from  the  cheeks  ;  mesonotum  coarsely  and  rather  thickly  punc- 
tured   (12). 

Face  punctured  or  rugosely  punctured,  without  mesa],  but  sometimes  with 
lateral  cariuie;  petiole  one  and  one-half  times  as  long  as  the  distance 
from  its  insertion  to  the  scutellum  or  less •  •  •    (11). 

11.  Face    plainly  but  shallowly  wrinkly    punctured  ;    mesonotum    with    coarse 

punctures,  mesally  dense.     Black. 

inediana  Schletterer,  New  Britain. 
Face  finely  punctured  with  a  few  coarse   punctures;    mesonotum    polished 
with  very  fine  scattered  punctures  and  a  few  coarser  ones.     Black; 
scape,  femora  and  tibiae  of  the  four  anterior  legs  yellowish-red.. 

tomeutosa  Szepligeti,  New  Guinea,  New  Pommeru. 

12.  Face  with  three  carina;,  one  in  the  middle  and  one  on  each  side  separating 

the  face  from  the  cheeks;  posterior  metatarsus  as  long  as  the  three- 
following  joints  together (13). 

Face  with  five  carinse;  one  in  the  middle  and  two  on  each  side,  the  outer  pair 
separating  the  face  from  the  cheeks;  posterior  metatarsus  only  as  long 
as  the  two  following  joints  together;  petiole  with  scattered  punctures, 
twice  as  long  as  the  distance  from  its  origin  to  the  scutellum.  Black; 
forelegs,  except  the  coxse  and  trochanters,  middle  femora  and  tibiae, 
hind  coxse  and  under  side  of  the  femora,  propodeum  and  petiole,  red  ; 
tarsi  of  the  middle  legs,  trochanters,  upper  side  of  the  femora,  and  the 
tibife  and  tarsi  of  the  hind  legs  reddish-brown. 

quinqueliiieata  Kiefifer,  Australia. 

13.  Petiole  with  scattered  punctures;  one  and  one-half  times  as  long  as  the  dist- 

ance from  its  origin  to  the  scutellum  . .  •    (14). 

Petiole  thickly  punctured  among  longitudinal  wrinkles;  twice  as  long  as  the 
distance  from  its  origin  to  the  scutellum.  Entirely  black,  except  a  red 
spot  at  the  base  of  the  hind  femora. .villosicrus  Kieffe)',  Australia. 

14.  Red  ;  base  of  the  cheeks,  a  stripe  on  the  face,  antennfe,  middle  and  posterior 

tarsi,  hind  tibiae,  end  of  the  middle  tibiae  and  of  the  hind  femora  and 
the  abdomen  black  or  brownish-black. 

versicolor  Kieffer,  Australia. 
Black  ;  front  tibiae  and  tarsi,  and  the  abdomen,  except  its  apex,  red  ;  middle 
and  hind  legs  dark  reddish-brown. 

versicolor  var.  erythrogaster  Kieffer,  Australia. 

15.  Propodeum  above  the  petiole  more  or  less  rugose;    face   rugose  or  striate; 

parapsidal  lines  inconspicuous  or  obsolete (16). 

Propodeum  above  the  petiole  not  rugose (18). 

16.  Petiole  longitudinally  wrinkled  or  striate;  the  longer  tibial  spur  as  long  as 

or  longer  than  one-half  the  metatarsus (IT). 


J.    CHESTER    BRAOLEY.  17o 

Petiole  subdensely  conflupiitly  puiictuiefl  ;  longer  tibial  spur  less  tlian  one- 
half  the  length  of  the  metatarsus;  face  shallowly  scarry  punctured; 
forehead  very  thickly  and  coaisely  punctured  ;  niesonotum  coarsely, 
in  the  middle  densely,  [lunctuied.     Black.     Length  12  mm. 

huinerata  Schletterer,  Australia. 

17.  Face  shallowly  punctured  and  indistinctly  longitudinally  wrinkled;  nieso- 

notum  scarry   punctured,    forming   indistinct   wrinkles   i>osteriorly ; 
petiole  rather  coarsely  longitudinally  wrinkled.     Black  ;  antennie  and 

legs  brown.     Length  7  mm Iielleri  Schletterer,  East  Australia. 

Face  coarsely,  longitudinally  to  obliquely  striate;  mesonotnm  indistinctly 
longitudinally  wrinkled,  with  thick,  coarse,  scarry  punctures  among 
the  wrinkles;  petiole  obliquely  to  longitudinally  striate.  Black. 
Length  9  mm scabra  Schletterer,  Australia. 

18.  Petiole  obliquely  striate  above ( 19) . 

Petiole   not   striate   but   smooth,    punctured    or   at   most    rugose-punctured 

above (22). 

19.  Mesonotum  coarsely  rugosely  punctured  ;  parapsidal  grooves  absent-  •  ■  -(20). 
Mesonotum   sparingly  coarsely  punctured  ;   parapsidal    grooves  very   indis- 
tinct; humeral  angles  very  sharp.     Length  7  mm. 

angulafa  Schletterer.  Australia. 

20.  Posterior  oc^elli  farther  from  each  other  than  from  the  compound  eye?.  -(21). 
Posterior  ocelli  nearer  to  each  other  than  to  the  compound  eye? (24). 

21.  Head  and  mesonotum  coarsely  rugose ;  posterior  legs  plainly  wrinkled  on  the 

sides;  longer  tibial  spur  somewhat  longer  than  one-half  the  metatar- 
sus.    Length  7  mm major  Szepligeti,  New  South  Wales. 

Vertex  punctured  ;  forehead  wrinkled  ;  face  longitudinally  striate,  the  striai 
sometimes  confluent ;  mesonotum  coarsely  rugosely  punctured  ;  poste- 
rior legs  smooth  or  microscopically  punctate,  a  very  few  larger  punc- 
tures on  the  femora,  and  the  coste  coarsely  punctured. 

!>»zepligeti  n.  sp.,  Xew  South  Wales. 

22.  Petiole  smooth  above (23). 

Petiole  punctured  or  rugosely  punctured  above (25i. 

23.  Posterior  ocelli  nearer  to  each  other  than  to  the  comjiound  eyes;  head  and 

mesonotum  rugose.     Length  5  mm (24). 

Posterior  ocelli  a  little  nearer  the  compound  eyes  than  to  each  other;  face 
longitudinally  to  irregularly  wrinkled  ;  mesonotum  rugose-punctate. 
Length  8-9  mm. .  -uiulleri  Schletterer,  Australia  and  New  Britain. 

24.  Scape  of  the  male  somewhat  longer  than  the  third  joint,  this  twice  as  long  as 

the  second  and  shorter  than  the  fourth. 

siinili!<»  Szepligeti.  New  South  Wales. 
Scape  of  the  male  somewliat  shorter  than  the  third  joitit ;  scape  of  the  female 
as  long  as  joints  2  +  3;  the  third  joint  three  times  as  long  as  the  sec- 
ond and  somewhat  longer  than  the  rourth. 

si  mi  lata  Szepligeti,  New  South  Wales. 

25.  Face  punctured (26). 

Face  rugose,  at  least  laterally,  or  striat* (27). 

26.  Longer  hind  tibial  spur  shorter  than  one-half  the  metatarsus;  furculu  obtuse, 

with  scarcely  distinct  tynes  (see  16).     Length  12  mm. 

Iiiimerata  Schletterer,  Australia. 

TEANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  MaY,  1908. 


176  FAMfLY    EVANIID^. 

Louger  hind  tibial  spur  as  long  as  one-half  the  metatarsus;  furcula  with  dis- 
tinct tynes;  petiole  finely  punctured;  face  spai'ingly  scarry  punc- 
punctured  ;  mesonotuni  very  thickly  and  coarsely  punctured.  Length 
8-9  mm aiisli*ali»«  Schletterer,  Australia. 

27.  Petiole  twice  as  long  as  the  distance  from  its  origin  ti>  the  metanotum  ;  meso- 

notum  only  slightly  convex (28). 

Petiole  only  one  and  one-half  times  as  long  as  the  distance  from  its  origin  to 
the  metanotum;  mesonotum  and  scutellnni  strongly  convex ;  rather 
closely  and  very  coarsely  scarry  punctate,  with  a  tendency  to  wrink- 
ling; petiole  distinctly  and  I'ather  closely  punctured.  Length  7-9 
mm g^enaliM  Schletterer,  Australia. 

28.  Petiole  more  or  less  rugosely  punctate,  laterally  obliquely  lugose;  mesono- 

tum in  the  middle  coarsely  and  thickly  punctured,  at  the  sides  aln)ost 
smooth.  Black,  except  the  tibiae  and  tarsi  of  the  forelegs  and  the 
antennae  except  the  apex  are  reddish-yellow.     Length  6  mm. 

erytlirocueini!*  Schletterer,  New  Britain. 
Petiole  finely  and  densely  punctured  ;    face  longitudinally  wrinkled  ;  fore- 
head   rugosely  punctured  ;    mesonotum    subcoarsely  and    moderately 
densely  punctured.     Black.     Length  10-11  mm. 

lougigena  Schletterer,  Australia. 

Acaiithiiievaiiia  princeps  Westwood. 

(Figs.  10,  48,  (i4and  79.) 
One   male  and  live  females  in   the  collection  of   the   American 
Museum  of  Natural  History,  and  one  female  in  the  author's  collec- 
tion, all  from  New  South  Wales. 

Acanlhinevaiiia  genalis  Schletterer. 
(Fig.  26.) 
One  male  and  three  females  in   the  collection  of  the  American 
Museum  of  Natural  History,  and  one  female  in  the  author's  collec- 
tion, all  from  New  South  Wales.     The  propodeum  is  rufous. 

Acantliinevaiiia  loiigigeiia  Schletterer. 
ilfaie.— Scape  about  as  long  as  joint  three;  pedicel  about  one-fourth  as  long  as 
joint  three;  this  scarcely  shorter  than  the  fourth  joint;  abdomen  oval.    Entirely 
black.     Length  8.5  mm. 

One  male  in  the  collection  of  the  American  Museum  of  Natural 

History. 

Acaiithinevaiiia  »zepligeli  n.  sp. 

(Fig.  47.) 
Female. — -Plack.  Sternum  sericeous.  Head  seen  from  above  transverse-quad- 
rate; the  eyes  prominent;  the  vertex  behind  them  deep.  Eyes  moderately  long 
and  narrow;  their  inner  margins  divergent  below  ;  the  malar  space  long,  two- 
thirds  or  more  of  their  length  ;  the  antennie  inserted  a  little  above  the  base  of 
the  eyes;  temples  broad,  very  broad  below;  posterior  ocelli  a  little  nearer  tiie 
compound  eyes  than  to  each  other;  vertex  umbilicately  punctured,  the  punctures 


J.    CHESTER    BRADLEY.  177 

well  separated  ;  forehead  depressed,  coarsely  punctured  to  longitudinally  wrink- 
led ;  a  strong  niesal  cai'ina  and  two  lateral  carinse  on  the  convex  face  which 
remain  parallel,  not  converging  toward  the  apex  of  the  clypeus;  the  lateral 
cariniB  join  anteriorly  the  strong  carina  which  separates  the  cheeks  from  the 
face;  between  the  carinje  the  face  is  longitudinally  striate,  the  strife  not  coarse; 
the  cheeks  below  the  eyes  are  longitudinally  wrinkled  ;  the  temples  are  punc- 
tured like  the  vertex  ;  the  scape  is  slightly  longer  than  the  distance  on  the  ver- 
tex between  the  compound  eyes  ;  about  one-tenth  longer  than  joints  2  -(-  3  ;  the 
pedicel  is  a  little  under  one-quarter  the  length  of  the  third  joint,  which  is  one- 
quarter  longer  than  the  fourth. 

The  humeral  angles  are  very  short,  the  anterior  margin  of  the  dorsum  appear- 
ing as  a  straight  line;  the  pronotum  and  upper  corner  of  the  mesopleurse  are 
smooth  and  polished  ;  the  mesonotum  and  scutellum  arc  coarsely,  rugosely  punc- 
tured, tending  to  longitudinal  wrinkling;  the  propodeum  and  less  markedly  the 
pleurffi  are  reticulately  punctured  ;  the  venter  more  finely  scarry  punctured  ;  the 
furcula  has  parallel  tynes. 

Posterior  coxa;  closely,  coarsely  punctured  ;  rest  of  the  legs  very  finely  punc- 
tured with  a  few  larger  pock  marks  on  the  femora;  posterior  tibiae  and  tarsi 
witii  strong  spines;  the  longer  tibial  spur  considerably  longer  than  one-half  the 
metatarsus;  the  latter  as  long  as  joints  2-4  together;  claw  (Fig.  47)  with  a  small 
tooth  within,  at  right  angles  to  and  much  smaller  than  the  outer  ray.  Wings 
hyaline;  veins  M  beyond  m-cu,  M1+21  Mi,  longitudinal  part  of  Mj  and  ni 
faintly  marked. 

Petiole  coarsely  obliquely  wrinkled,  above  longitudinally.  Abdomen  black, 
polished,  subtriangular ;  the  second  to  fourth  segments  with  a  few  punctures 
above;  iiygidium  produced  into  a  short  process  which  normally  conceals  the 
ovipositor. 

Hab.—l^ew  South  Wales. 

Type. — One  female  in  the  collection  of  Cornell  University. 

I  take  pleasure  in  dedicating  this  species  to  Herr  Victor  Szepli- 
geti,  who  has  made  substantial  contributions  to  our  knowledge  and 
classification  of  the  Evaniidse  of  this  and  other  regions. 

EVANIKLL,A    Bradley. 

Type. — Evaiiiel/a  .seineeoda  Bradley. 

For  a  description  of  this  genus  see  page  142. 

It  is  probable  that  nearly  all  the  neotropical  species  listed  under 
Evania  really  belong  here.  I  hav'e  made  no  attempt  to  separate 
them. 

Tlie  following  new  species  is  included  in  the  table  of  the  genus 
Evauin,  in  which  the  determination  of  all  specimens  falling  in  this 
genus  from  outside  of  the  United  States  should  be  sought. 

Here  belongs  Ecanla  semirubra  Cresson  from  Cuba. 

TKANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (23)  JUNK.  1908. 


178  FAMILY    EVANIID^. 

Evaniella  canieroiii  n.  sp. 

Black;  pronotum  and  mesonotum  red;  anterior  legs,  excejit  ilie  apex  of  the 
trochanters  externally,  which  are  lirown,  and  base  of  the  middle  and  posterior 
trochanters,  yellow.  Sparingly  pubescent.  Head  from  above  transverse-quad- 
rate; eyes  prominent;  posterior  ocelli  nearer  the  compound  eyes  than  to  each 
other.  From  the  side  the  temples  are  narrow,  little  widened  below;  tlie  eyes 
very  large  ;  the  malar  space  quite  small.  From  in  front  the  face  is  nearly  round, 
the  inner  margins  of  the  compound  eyes  almost  straight,  slightly  diverging 
below;  the  sculpture  of  the  face  almost  obscured  by  vestiture,  in  a  favorable 
light  seen  to  be  finely  and  irregularly  but  not  very  roughly  punctate;  a  long 
distinct  carina  extends  on  each  side  froru  the  outer  margin  of  the  clypeus 
upward  to  below  a  point  midway  between  the  anlenna*  and  the  margin  of  the 
eyes;  forehead  with  fine  close  punctures,  in  front  of  the  compound  eyes  these 
are  replaced  by  larger  more  sepai'ated  round  punctures,  which  continue  on  the 
vertex,  temples  and  cheeks;  forehead  with  a  distinct  median  carina.  Antennaj 
filiform;  scape  over  four  times  as  long  as  the  pedicel,  five-eighths  as  long  as 
joints  3+4;  the  pedicel  one-third  as  long  as  joint  3.  the  latter  thiee-fourths  as 
long  as  joint  4. 

Pronotum  scarcely  notched  above  by  the  mesonotum  ;  humeral  angles  squarel.v 
cut;  mesonotum  anteriorly  and  the  side  of  the  scutellum  with  a  few  scattered 
round  punctures,  otherwise  smooth;  anterior,  parapsidal  and  lateral  grooves 
very  distinct;  mesopleurse  punctured,  with  a  small  smooth  and  polished  area 
above;  furcula  with  short  indistinct  parallel  tynes;  propodeum  reticulate;  the 
reticulations  produced  into  oblique  bars  over  a  short  area  on  the  sides.  Poste- 
rior tibial  spur  two-thirds  as  long  as  the  metatarsus. 

Petiole  impunctate;  abdomen  broadly  elliptical ;  the  apical  segments  pubescent. 

Hab. — British  Guiana,  Bartica,  May  10,  1901,  R.  J.  Crew. 
Type. — In  the  author's  collection. 

ZEUXEVA]VIA  Kieffer. 
1902.     Zeuxevania  Kieffer,  Gen.  Insec,  2,  p.  4. 

Type. — Evania  dinarica  Schletterer. 

In  this  genus  (see  Figs.  80  and  81)  the  cell  M4  is  elongate  and 
situated  nearer  to  the  base  of  the  wing  than  in  Evania,  the  veins 
nicu  and  part  of  the  base  of  M  form  its  anterior  boundary,  and 
join  together  to  form  a  regular  arc.  At  the  same  time  r-m  and 
M3+4  become  interstitial,  appearing  as  a  single  almost  longitudinal 
vein,  instead  of  r-m  joining  M  a  short  distance  before  the  separa- 
tion of  Mil  2  and  M3  j  4,  as  is  the  case  in  Evania.  It  is  evident  that 
the  modilication  has  proceded  from  the  type  that  we  liave  in  Evania 
by  the  base  of  the  free  part  of  M  migrating  backward  along  R  to  a 
distance  almost  halfway  between  the  base  of  the  wing  and  the 
stigma,  and  then  in  some  of  the  species  becoming  lost,  but  in  a  new 
species  that  I  have  here  to  describe  remaining  as  a  faint  vein  (Fig. 
80).*     The  mouthparts  are  shown  in  Fig.  32. 

Occurs  in  tlie  Palearctic,  Etliiopian  and  Oriental  regions.  Six 
species  in  all. 

*  This  has  been  recently  described  as  I'drevania,  see  addenda. 


J.    CHESTER    BKAJJLEY.  179 

TABLE  TO  THE  SPECIES  OF  ZEUXEVANIA. 

1.  Palearctic  region (2). 

Ethiopian  region (3). 

Malayan  subregion  of  the  Oriental (4). 

2.  Petiole  punctured ...  .wpleiididtilH  Costa,  SiirdiniH. 

Petiole  striated diiistrica  Schletterer,  Austria,  Egypt. 

3.  Petiole  twice  as  long  as  the  distance  of  its  insertion   from  the  nietanotuni, 

smooth  and  im punctured. 

fetitiistyliiM  Enderlein,  German  East  Africa. 
Petiole  but  little  longer  than   the  distance  of  its  insertion   from  the  nietano- 
tum,  sniooth  and  with  a  few  punctures. 

globicei>!«  Enderlein,  (rernian  East  Africa. 

4.  Entirely  black  ;  petiole  obliquely  striate javanica  Westwood,  Java. 

Prothoiax  and  mesothorax,  anterior  part  of  the  nietajileurai  and  anterior  coxae 

red  ;  petiole  smooth  and  polished Mchleltereri  n.  sp.,  Java. 

Zeuxevania  schlettereri  n.  sp. 

(Figs.  32,  .50.80.) 

9  . — Black,  except  the  prothoiax  and  mesothorax,  anterior  part  of  the  meta- 
pleurae  and  the  anterior  coxae  are  red  ;  the  anterior  tibiae  and  less  distinctly  the 
middle  tibite  are  yellowish-brown;  base  of  the  posterior  tibiae  and  trochanters 
white.  Slightly  sericeous.  Head  seen  from  above  subglobular;  posterior  mar- 
gin truncate;  deep  behind  the  eyes,  which  are  not  prominent;  the  postero-laterai 
corners  slightly  rounded.  The  profile  is  broad,  the  eye  moderately  long,  only 
slightly  oblique;  the  temples  only  slightly  widened  below;  the  antennae  inserted 
on  the  convex  forehead  at  about  the  lower  third  of  the  eye;  malar  space  about 
one-third  the  length  of  the  eye  or  less.  Face  from  in  front  almost  round. 
Entire  head  very  minutely,  rather  closely  punctate,  appearing  smooth  under  a 
low  power;  a  carina  separating  the  cheeks  and  face;  two  short  tooth-like  pro- 
cesses just  below  the  antennae;  ocelli  forming  an  equilateral  triangle;  the  poste- 
rior ones  about  equally  far  from  each  other  and  from  the  compound  eyes; 
autennse  filiform,  the  scape  little  longer  than  joint  three,  the  latter  subequal  to 
joint  four,  and  more  than  twice  as  long  as  the  pedicel. 

The  humeral  angles  rounded;  the  mesonotuni,  mesoveuter  and  scutellum 
punctured  similarly  to  the  head  ;  the  upper  part  of  the  mesopleurae  variously 
finely  punctured,  wrinkled  or  smooth  ;  the  rest  of  the  propodeum  shallowly 
reticulate;  the  furcula  with  divergent  tynes,  hut  these  are  very  small  and  at  first 
glance  one  would  be  led  to  think  it  truncate  and  without  tynes;  the  middle  and 
posterior  coxae  are  placed  close  together. 

The  wings  are  hyaline,  a  little  dusky  at  the  apex  (Fig.  SO).  The  legs  are  mod- 
erately elongate;  the  posterior  coxse  closely  punctured  ;  the  tibia^  and  tarsi  with- 
out distinct  spines;  the  longer  tibial  spur  two-thirds  as  long  as  the  metatarsus- 
the  latter  as  long  as  joints  2-4  together;  the  claw  Infid,  with  a  stout  itmer  ray 
and  a  much  more  slender  outer  ray  (Fig.  50). 

Petiole  smooth  and  polished  ;  abdomen  nearly  round,  the  pygidium  not  pro- 
duced. 

One  ptiratype  has  the  apex  of  the  petiole  white. 

I  take  pleasure  in  dedicating  this  species  to  Dr.  August  Schlett- 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC   XXXIV.  JUNE,  1908. 


180  FAMILY    EVANIID^. 

erer,  wlio  has  done  more  to  bring  order  out  of  clnios  in  tliis  family 
tlian  any  other  man. 

Hah. — Java. 

Type  and  two  paratypes  in  the  collection  of  the  Cornell  Univer- 
sity.    One  paratvpe  in  the  author's  collection. 

EVAIVISCUS  Szepligeti. 
(1903.     Pseadevania  Kiefler,  misprint  for  Zenxevania,  Zeitsclir.  f.  Hym.  u.  Dipt., 

iii,  p.  Ill,  see  corrigenda  to  volume.) 
1903.     Evaniscus  Szepligeti,  Ann.  Mus.  Nat.  Hung.,  i,  pp.  375,  378. 

Tijpe. — Evaniscus  tibialis  Szepligeti. 

In  the  Zeit.  f.  Hymen,  u.  Dipt.,  iii,  p.  Ill,  Kieffer  says  that 
Evatiia,  trochanterata  Cameron  and  E.  marginata  Cameron  belong 
to  Pseudevania  (mis^print  for  Zeuxevanid,  see  Zeitsch.  f.  Hym.  u. 
Dipt.,  vol.  iii  corrigenda).  E.  trochanterata  Cameron  is  a  true 
Evania,  to  which  genus  it  must  be  returned  forthwith.  The  wing 
venation  as  figured  by  Cameron  in  the  Biologia  Centrali- Americana 
is  that  o^  Evania,  and  not  of  Zeuxevania  or  other  genus.  E.  margi- 
nata is  neither  an  Evania  nor  a  Zeuxevania,  but  is  congeneric  with 
the  subsequently  described  Evaniscus  tibialis  of  SzepWgeti.  Hence 
it  should  stand  in  the  genus  Evaniscus  Szepligeti  of  which  tibialis 
is  the  type. 

TABLE  TO  THE  SPECIES  OF  EVANISCUS. 

1.  Propodeura  coarsely  reticulate (2). 

Propodeum  rugosely  punctured;  furcula  witli  parallel  tynes. 

margiiiRta  Cameron,  Guatemala. 

2.  Petiole  curved,  with  six  rather  distinct  longitudinal  cariuse,  between  these 

strongly  aciculated  ;  furcula  with  divergent  tynes. 

Iit»iali!<i  Szepligeti,  Venezuela. 
Petiole  moderately  slender,  finely  and  thickly  punctured,  on  the  sides  some- 
what aciculate rufitliorax  Enderlein,  Bolivia  and  Peru. 

SEiYliCOMYIA  u.  geu. 
Evania  and  Brachyganter  of  authors  in  part. 

Type. — Semoiomyia  kiefferi  n.  sp. 

Color  usually  black,  with  more  or  less  red  or  yellow.  Head 
large,  broader  than  the  thorax,  scarcely  or  somewhat  transverse  as 
seen  from  above  (Fig.  15)  ;  eyes  large,  often  very  largej  extending 
far  toward  each  other  on  the  vertex  and  leaving  but  a  small  malar 
space  and  a  narrow  front  (Fig.  14);  ocelli  nearly  in  an  equilateral 
triangle,  large  and  usually  very  clo.'^e  to  the  eyes.  Antennae  filiform 
in  the  males,  in  the  females  strongly  incras.<ate  beyond  the  fifth 
segment  (Fig.  55).     The  mouth  parts  are  shown  in  Figs.  So  and  34. 


J.    CHESTER    BRADLEY.  181 

Body  sometimes  elongate,  the  middle  coxse  being  placed  far  pos- 
teriorly;  mesopleurse  smooth  and  polished,  with  a  distinct  femoral 
groove;  sculpture  of  a  small  area  on  the  side  of  the  propodeum  of 
distinctive  character,  sometimes  smooth  and  polished;  fui'cula  usu- 
ally consisting  of  a  long  process  with  very  small  parallel  or  diver- 
gent tynes. 

Posterior  legs  long;  the  tarsal  claw  bifid,  the  inner  ray  larger  and 
stouter  than  the  outer  one,  the  latter  sometimes  nearly  obsolete 
(Figs.  51  and  52). 

Wings  hyaline;  the  venation  as  shown  in  Fig.  85. 

Abdomen  similar  in  both  sexes,  nearly  round,  the  pygidium  not 
produced. 

The  size  is  usually  small,  the  thorax  slender  and  tapering  poste- 
teriorly.  The  punctation  is  generally  fine  or  absent.  There  are 
13  species,  all  from  the  Neotropical  region. 

TABLE  TO  THE  SPECIES  OF  SEM.EOMYIA. 

1.  Central  American  subregion  •  •• (2). 

Brazilian  and  Argentine  subregions (3). 

2.  Mesonotum  plainlv  punctate;    posterior  metatarsus  plainly  longer  than  the 

remaining  joints  taken  together;  cheeks  of  the  male  as  long  as  the 
scape;  first  joint  of  the  flagellum  of  the  male  one  and  one-half  times 
as  long  as  the  ])edicel,  second  twice  as  long  as  the  pedicel ;  parapsidal 
grooves  obsolete;  head  coarsely  punctured;  pronotum  with  prominent 
humeral  angles.  Length  3.5-4  mm- .  •  -azteka  Schletterer,  Mexico. 
Mesonotum  smooth  and  polished,  or  with  a  few  scarcely  noticeable  shallow 
punctures;  the  posterior  metatarsus  only  as  long  as  the  remaining 
joints  together;  forehead  moderately  closely  punctate;  temples  of 
even  width  from  above  to  below;  scape  of  the  male  one-half  as  long 
as  joints  2  and  3  ;  joint  3  two  and  one-half  times  as  long  as  the  pedi- 
cel;  pronotum  with  rounded  humeral  angles.     Black.     Length  4  mm. 

■liiiflil  Cameron,  Panama. 

3.  Mesonotum  plainly  punctured (4). 

Mesonotum  not  punctured -(8). 

4.  Propodeum  between  the  metanotum  and   the  insertion  of  the  petiole  punc- 

tured, not  wrinkled  ;  furcula  with  short  divergent  tynes (7). 

Propodeum  above  indistinctly  transversely  wrinkled;  fuicula  with  parallel 
tynes (6). 

Propodeum  reticulate (5). 

.5.  Propodeum  on  the  sides  coarsely  reticulate;  head  thickly  and  moderately 
finely  punctured  ;  face  thickly,  very  finely  and  moderately  shallowly 
punctured;  mesonotum  shiny,  polished,  the  middle  piece  with  spar.'^e 
shallow  punctures;  parajisidal  and  lateral  cariii«?  distinct.  I.,ength 
5-6  mm magna  Enderlein.  Peru. 

TRANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC  XXXIV.  JUNE,  190P. 


182  FAMILY     EVANIID^. 

Propofleum  very  finely  reticulate,  more  finely  near  the  lateral  edges;  liead 
thickly  and  finely  punctured;  niesonotum  polished  and  shiny,  the 
middle  piece  sparsely  and  finely  punctured,  the  lateral  pieces  rather 
thickly  and  very  finely  punctured  ;  parapsidal  and  lateral  carina^  dis- 
tinct.    Length  4-5  mm rfticulirer  Enderlein,  Peru. 

6.  Face  finely  and  densely  punctured.     Black.     Length  6-7  mm. 

gredleri  Schletterei-.  Brazil. 
Face  moderately,  finely  and  sparsely  punctured,  with  minute  intermediate 
punctures.     Black,  except  the  face,  mandihles  and  anteuiise  beneath 
are  pale  yellow  ;  the  four  anterior  legs  rusty  yellow. 

flavescens  Schletterer,  Brazil. 

7.  Face  very  finely  and  moderately  closely  punctate,  temples  much  more  shal- 

lowly  puuctate;  anterior  part  of  the  side  of  the  projjodeum  concave, 
with  closely  parallel  cross-bars;  body  normal,  the  middle  coxai  not 
placed  exceptionally  distant  from  the  anterioi-.  Eed  ;  the  face,  four 
anterior  legs,  posterior  coxae  beneath  and  trochanters  at  base  yellow; 
abdomen  black  ;  posterior  legs  brown.     Length  4  mm. 

tascheubergi  n.  sp.,  British  Guiana. 
Face  less  finely  and  more  deeply  punctured  ;  cheeks  and  temples  smooth  and 
polished  with  a  very  few  minute  punctures;  anterior  part  of  the  side 
of  the  propodeum  scarcely  concave,  smooth  and  polished  ;  without 
cross-bars,  except  along  the  edge.  Eed  ;  abdomen  brown.  Length 
6  mm barticensis  n.  sp.,  British  Guiana. 

8.  Fnrcula  with  parallel  tynes (9). 

Furcula  with  divergent  tynes.  •  •    (10). 

9.  (See  also /ra<<^rna  under  14.) 

Posterior  metatarsus  shorter  than  the  four  lemainiug  joints  together:  longer 
tibial  spur  shorter  than  one-half  the  length  of  the  metatarsus.  Black  ; 
first  four  antennal  joints  and  the  coxse  except  their  apex  yellowish- 
red  ;  fifth  antennal  joint  and  the  apex  of  the  petiole  white.  Length 
4  mm ociilata  Szepligeti,  Brazil. 

Posterior  metatarsus  as  long  as  the  remaining  four  joints  together;  tibial 
spur  as  long  as  one-half  the  matatarsus.  Ferruginous;  face,  cheeks, 
temples  and  two  anterior  legs  white;  petiole  pale  reddish  posteriorly, 
propodeum  darkened,  especially  posteriorly.     Length  4  mm. 

albata  Schletterer,  Colombia. 

10.  Face  distinctly  punctured (11). 

Face  smooth  and  impunctate;    mesonotum  smooth   and   polished  with  fine 

parapsidal  lines.  Ferruginous;  propodeum  black;  abdomen  and  pos- 
terior legs  brown.     Length  3-3.5  mm. 

gayi  Spinola,  Colombia  and  Argentine  subregion. 

11.  Face  in  the  middle  with  a  distinct  tubercle;  head  and  face  very  finely  and 

shallowly  punctured (12). 

Face  without  a  median  tubercle;  head  and  face  les.s  finely  punctured. .  .(13). 

12.  Cheeks  smooth,  polished  and  impunctate;  antennae  inserted  far  below  the 

middle  of  the  eyes;  ocelli  large  and  close  together;  humeral  angles 
rounded  ;  posterior  coxae  finely  punctate;  posterior  tibial  spur  one-half 
the  length  of  the  metatarsus.  Black,  except  the  fiist  five  antennal 
joints,  anterior  legs  except  the  tarsi,  middle  legs  except  the  tibia;  and 


J.    CHKSTKK    BKADl.KY.  183 

laisi.  posterior  coxfe  and  tiocbaiiters,  mesoiileuiii',  venter,  spot  o!)  the 
truncature  of  the  propodeiini  and  the  apex  of  the  petiole  yellow. 
Length  3.5  mm kiefleri  n.  sp.,  British  Guiana- 
Cheeks  moderately  finely  and  densely  punctate;  antenna;  inseited  at  the 
middle  of  the  eyes;  posterior  ocelli  a  little  fartlier  from  each  other 
than  from  the  compound  eyes;  liumeral  angles  moderately  sharp; 
posterior  coxse  beneath  subcoarsely  and  densely  punctured  ;  tibial 
spur  one-half  as  long  as  the  metatarsus.  Black;  four  anterior  legs 
brown.     Length  3-3.5  mm. .  .lieviii^iCiiIa  Spinola,  Colombia,  Chili. 

13.  F'orehead  with  a  number  of  widely  separated  fine  punctures;  face  with  close 

fine  punctures,  transverse  wrinkly  just  below  the  antennae.  Brown, 
with  antennse,  at  least  their  bases,  pale  yellowish  ;  anterioi-  and  mid- 
dle legs,  posterior  femora  and  the  apex  of  the  petiole  whitish.    Length 

3  mm triuidadeusiN  Ashmead,  Trinidad. 

Forehead  and  face  conspicuously,  finely  and  subdensely  punctate (14). 

14.  Petiole  with  only  a  few  shallow  jiunctures.     Length  3.5  mm. 

fraterua  Enderlein,  Peru. 
Petiole  laterally  furrowed  its  entire  length. 

basalis  Sehletterer,  Colombia. 

Seuiseoniyia  kiefferi  n.  sp. 

(Figs.  14,  15  and  52.) 

9. — Black;  the  first  five  joints  of  the  antennae,  the  mesopleurse.  vertex,  large 
spot  on  truncature  of  the  proi)odeun),  anterior  legs  except  tarsi  and  apex  of 
tibiae,  posterior  coxae  and  base  of  trochanters  and  the  apex  of  the  petiole  yellow. 
Head  seen  from  above  (Fig.  15)  rounded,  somewhat  transverse,  the  eyes  very 
large,  on  the  vertex  comparatively  close,  reaching  almost  to  the  posterior  margin 
of  the  head ;  ocelli  in  an  equilateral  triangle,  the  posterior  ones  over  twice  as  far 
from  each  other  as  from  the  compound  eyes.  From  the  profile  (Fig.  14)  nothing 
is  seen  except  the  compound  eye  and  a  narrow  bit  of  cheek  and  temple  below ; 
the  autennte  are  inserted  below  the  lower  two-thirds  of  the  eyes.  From  in  front 
the  head  is  I'ound,  the  front  narrow,  the  inner  mai-gins  of  the  eyes  diverging  a 
little  below ;  a  distinct  tubercle  in  the  middle  of  the  face  below  ;  face  and  fore- 
head densely,  finely  punctured  ;  cheeks,  temples,  vertex  and  occiput  impunctate, 
smooth  and  polished;  scape  one-third  longer  than  joints  2 -|-  3;  these  subequal, 
as  is  also  4;  beyond  the  fourth  joint  tlie  antennae  are  strongly  inflated,  tapering 
again  apically. 

The  humeral  angles  are  rounded  ;  mesonotum  and  scutellum  and  most  of  the 
mesopleurae  smooth,  polished  and  impunctate;  nietaj)leurfe  and  propodeum  shal- 
lowly  reticulate,  the  area  on  the  side  irregularly  shallowly  wrinkled;  furcula 
with  the  tynes  divergent  but  very  short. 

Wings  hyaline ;  longer  tibial  spur  one-half  the  length  of  the  metatarsus ;  the 
latter  one-fifth  longer  than  joints  2-5  togcthei  ;  the  tarsal  claw  small,  l)ifid.  the 
inner  ray  much  stouter  than  the  outer  one  (Fig.  52). 

The  petiole  is  smooth  ;  the  abdomen  round  and  polished.     Length  3.5  mm. 

Hub. — Bartica,   British  Guiana,  May  10,   1901,  collected  by  R. 
J.  Crew,  and  presented  to  the  writer  by  Mr.  Henry  L.  Viereck. 
Tyjie. — In  the  author's  collection. 

TKANS.  AM.  ENT.  80C.  XXXIV.  .JUNK.  1908. 


184  FAMILY    EVANIID^. 

$>»eniH?uinyia  barticensis  n.  n]^ 

(Figs.  33,  34,  51,  55  and  85.) 

9. — Red;  apex  of  tlie  petiole  iind  the  four  anterior  legs  yellowish  ;  posterior 
tarsi  brown  ;  abdomen  and  antennae  beyond  the  fifth  segment  black.  Head  seen 
from  above  transverse,  rounded  in  front  and  truncate  behind  ;  the  eyes  very 
large,  reaching  far  up  on  the  vertex  and  to  the  posterior  margin  ;  ocelli  large,  in 
an  equilateral  triangle,  the  posterior  ones  about  their  diameter's  length  apart,  a 
little  less  removed  from  the  compound  eyes.  In  profile  little  is  visible  except 
the  compound  eyes;  the  malar  space  moderately  long,  the  temples  obsolete 
above,  widened  below  ;  the  antennse  are  inserted  below  the  middle  of  the  eyes. 
From  in  front  the  head  is  slightly  triangular,  the  margins  of  the  eyes  diverging 
below;  the  face  has  no  median  tubercle,  is  moderately  closely  punctate;  the 
forehead  more  closely  ;  the  temples  and  cheeks  smooth  and  polished  with  only  a 
few  small  punctures;  antennse  shown  in  Fig.  55. 

Humeral  angles  rounded  ;  the  mesonotum  smooth  and  polished,  with  several 
moderate  sized  punctures  scattered  over  it,  these  a  little  thicker  on  the  scutellum 
and  on  the  propodeum  above  the  petiole;  anterior,  parapsidal  and  lateral  grooves 
distinct;  mesopleurse  impunctate,  shining,  except  the  anterior  swelling  which  is 
finely  punctured  ;  propodeum  except  above  the  petiole  shallowly  reticulated,  the 
area  on  the  side  smooth  and  shining;  the  middle  coxEe  are  placed  far  posteriorly, 
in  juxtaposition  to  the  posterior,  the  body  being  considerably  elongated  ;  the 
furcnla  has  very  short  divergent  tynes. 

The  wings  are  hyaline.  The  longer  tibial  spur  is  more  than  one-half  the 
length  of  the  metatarsus;  the  latter  is  about  one-fourth  longer  than  the  remain- 
ing joints  united.  The  tarsal  claws  are  very  small  and  mostly  broken  off  in  the 
type,  but  in  the  remaining  one  the  inner  ray  seems  to  be  stout  and  the  outer  ray 
rudimentary  (Fig.  51). 

The  petiole  is  sparingly  punctured  above  and  at  the  base  of  the  sides,  the  apex 
of  the  sides  being  transveisely  wrinkled  ;  it  is  more  than  twice  as  long  as  the 
distance  from  its  insertion  to  the  metanotum.  Abdomen  round,  polished. 
Length  6  ram. 

Hab. — Bartica,    British    Guiana,   collected    by  R.  J.  Crew  and 
presented  to  the  author  by  Mr.  H.  L.  Viereck. 
Type. — One  9  i"  the  author's  collection. 

Semteoinyia  fascheiibergi  n.  sp. 

Eed ;  face,  cheeks  and  temples,  scape  beneath,  trochanters  at  base  and  tibial 
spurs  and  apex  of  petiole  yellow;  rest  of  posterior  legs  and  base  of  the  petiole 
brown  ;  abdomen  and  propodeum  around  the  coxse  black.  Head  seen  from  above 
truncate  behind,  rounded  in  front,  the  anterior  edge  prominent  and  emargi- 
nate  mesally  between  the  eyes;  these  reaching  to  the  posterior  edge;  ocelli 
farther  from  each  other  than  from  the  compound  eyes.  Profile  broad,  the  tem- 
ples linear  above  and  widened  below;  malar  space  moderate;  antennse  inserted 
below  the  middle  of  the  eyes.  From  in  front  the  eyes  are  prominent;  their 
inner  margins  diverging  below  ;  face  moderately,  finely  punctured  ;  temples  and 
cheeks  much  more  sparingly;  forehead  more  closely  and  coarsely  punctured,  the 
vertex  smooth. 


.1.    CHKSTKH    BRADl.KY.  185 

The  humeral  angles  are  rounded  ;  the  anterior,  lateral  and  parapsidal  grooves 
well  marked  ;  the  mesonotum,  scutelluni  and  propodeuni  above  the  petiole 
smooth  and  polished,  with  few  moderate  sized  scattered  punctures;  the  nieso- 
pleurai  smooth  and  shining;  the  anterior  swelling  peppered  with  exceedingly 
minute  punctulations ;  the  metapleurse  and  propodeum  reticulate,  the  area 
between  them  concave,  with  transverse  cross-bars;  the  furcula  has  very  short 
divergent  tynes. 

Wings  dusky  at  the  apex.  Longer  tibial  spur  one-half  as  long  as  the  metatar- 
sus; this  as  long  as  the  remaining  joints  together;  claws  small,  bifid,  tiie  inner 
ray  longer  and  stronger  than  the  outer. 

Petiole  sparingly  punctuied.     Abdomen  round.     Length  4  n)m. 

I  take  pleasure  in  dedicating  this  species  to  Professor  E.  Taschen- 
berg,  one  of  the  few  contributors  in  recent  years  to  our  knowledge 
of  this  family. 

Hah. — Bartica,  British  Guiana,  collected  by  R.  J.  Crew,  May 
17,  1901. 

Tijpe. — In  the  author's  collection. 

SEN^ODOGA^iTER  n.  nora. 

(Figs.  30,  3L53and  84.) 
Brnchygaster  Stephens,  preoc,  Syst.  Cat.  Brit.  Insec,  1,  p.  343. 

The  name  Brachyguster  has  usually  been  dated  from  Leach,  1817, 
Edinburgh  Encyclopaedia,  but  tlie  name  as  there  employed  is  a 
iiomen  nudum  and  without  standing.  At  the  place  cited,  in  an 
article  on  entomology,  Leach  under  the  genus  Evania  mentions 
Evania  mimdus.  As  synonymous  with  this,  he  parenthetically 
mentions  Brachyguster  minutus  Leach  jNISS.  That  is  Leach's  only 
reference  to  the  name  in  print.  The  first  person  to  properly  use  the 
name  in  Hymenoptera  was  Stephens  in  1829.  But  in  1826  Meigen 
had  used  it  in  Diptera,  and  it  has  since  been  used  in  Crustacea  and 
Coleoptera.     So  it  is  necessary  to  change  it. 

The  oidy  described  species  is  the  European  viinuta  01.,  which 
Kieffer*  maintains  is  different  from  the  viuiida  of  Schletterer. 

HYPTIA   lUiger. 

Type. — Evania  petiolata  Fabricius. 

The  species  petiolata  of  Fabricius  is  unrecognizable,  and  until  its 
identity  be  ascertained,  Evania  thoraciea  Blanchard,  as  identified  in 
the  first  part  of  this  paper,  shall  stand  as  type  of  the  genus. 

For  description  of  the  genus,  see  the  first  part  of  this  paper.  It 
is  confined  to  the  Nearctic  and  Neotropical  regions. 

*  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  France,  Ixvli,  p.  816. 

TEANS.   AM.  KNT.  SOC,  XXXIV.  (24)  JUNE,  1908. 


186  FAMILY     KVANIID>«. 

TABLE  TO  THE  SPECIES  OF  HYPTIA  OF  THE  NEOTROPICAL 
REGION. 

1.  Brazilian  and  Argentine  siibregions (2). 

Central  American  subregioii (11)- 

Antillean  subregion (16). 

2.  Posterior  tibise  and  tarsi  without  distinct  spines (4). 

Posterior  tarsi  with  distinct  spines (3j. 

3.  Mesonotum  irregularly  reticulate;  tibiai  with  short  spines.     Black;  dorsum 

except  the  scutellum  red;   forelegs  partly  brownish-red.      Length  i) 

mm liirsuta  Taschenberg,  Brazil. 

Mesonotum  coarsely  punctured,  sparingly  in  front  and  laterally,  more  densely 
posteriorly.  Black;  thorax  and  anterior  legs  reddish.  Length  8-9 
mm aiiiazonica  Scliletterer,  Brazil. 

4.  Face  impunctured,  smooth  and  polished (5). 

Face  punctured  or  rugose  or  both (6). 

5.  Dorsum  strongly  punctured  ;  cheeks  weakly  longitudinally  striate.      Black  ; 

base  of  the  legs  and  antennae  brown.     Length  2.5  mm. 

parva  Enderlein,  Peru. 

Dorsum  impunctate,  smooth  and  [lolished.    Yellowish-red  and  black.    Length 

4.5  mm f estiva  Tascheuberg,  Brazil. 

6.  Face    finely    punctured,    or    coarsely    punctured    with    fine    punctures    be- 

tween   (7). 

Face  rugose  or  rugose-punctured (9). 

7.  Petiole  about  twice  as  long  as  the  distance  from  its  insertion  to  the  scutellum. 

Black;  temples  beneath  and  four  anteiior  legs  reddish-brown. 

C'halcidides  Enderlein,  Peru. 
Petiole  but  little  longer  than  the  distance  from  its  insertion  to  the  scutel- 
lum  (8). 

8.  Furcula  with  parallel  tynes.     Head  and  antennge  yellowish-red  ;  thorax  red- 

dish.    Length  3  mm I'ufict'ps  Shuckard,  Venezuela,  Brazil. 

Furcula  with  divergent  tynes.  Black  ;  mesonotum  and  scutellum  red  ;  ante- 
rior legs  yellowish-red,  except  the  co.Nse  and  trochanters. 

rufo!«igiiata  Kieffer,  Argentina. 

9.  Furcula  with  parallel  tynes (10). 

Furcula  with  divergent  tynes.     Y'ellowish-red  ;  the  flagellum  and  abdomen 

black;  posterior  tarsi  brown.     Length  5  mm. 

iiigriveiif  ris  Szepligeti.  Brazil. 

10.  Longer  liind  tibial  spur  shorter  than  one-half  the  metatarsus ;  wings  light 

brown.  Shoulders  more  strongly  angled  ;  propodeum  coarsely  wrink- 
led, the  truncature  flat;  petiole  coarsely  and  somewhat  obliquely 
wrinkled.     Black;  scape  and  the  fotir  anterior  legs  red.     Length  5 

mm siniiliw  Szepligeti,  Brazil. 

Longer  hind  tibial  spur  longer  than  one-half  the  metatarsus;  wings  hyaline. 
Black  and  more  or  less  rusty  red.     Jjcngth  6  mm. 

SOror  Schletterer,  Guiana,  Brazil. 

11.  Petiole  striate (12). 

Petiole  punctured (14). 


J.    CHESTKK    BKADLKY.  187 

12.  Thorax  rugose-punctate.     Red  ;  upii^al  half  of  the  aiiteiiiuie,  two  sjxits  on  the 

propodeuni    above,  alidomeu   and    i)osterior  tarsi   black;    apex  of  the 

petiole  pale.     Length  3  mm craxisa  Cameron.  Panama. 

Tliorax  with  separated  punctures (13). 

13.  Face  transversely  rugo.se-puncturcd  ;    petiole  smootli,  except   striate   above. 

Black;  face,  tegulse,  pronotum  (^  mesonotum  ?)  and  scutelluni  red. 
Length  said  to  be  3-7  mm.  This  may  be  an  error  as  Schletterer 
points  out,  or  two  species  may  be  heie  confused. 

guateilialeiisiiii  Cameron,  (ruatemala. 

Face  finely  but    not   rugosely  punctured  ;    petiole   entirely  distinctly  strin- 

late.    Entirely  black,  except  scape  and  four  anterior  legs  ])ale.    Length 

2  mm bakei'i  n.  sp.,  Guatemala. 

14.  Mesonotnm  coarsely  rugosely  ])tiiictured 1 15). 

Mesonotuni  coarsely  and  densely  jiunctured.     Black;  thorax  rusty  reddish. 

Lengtii  4  mm- . .  -ocellitrisi  Schletterer,  Mexico,  St.  Thomas,  Cuba. 

15.  Hind  coxae  punctured  behind.     Black;  head,  excei)t  vertex,  more  or  less  of 

the  thorax  and  the  anterior  legs  red.     I.,ength  5  mm, 

csiniei'oni  Schletterer,  Panama. 
Hind  coxffi  impunctate.     Black;   pronotum  and  niesonotum  red.     Length  G 

mm riigOMa  Cameron,  (Juatemala. 

1(1.  Head  at  most  rugose-punctate;   thorax  punctured (17). 

Head  and  thorax  strongly  rugose.  Black;  anterior  legs  brown.  Length  7-8 
mm - Sfrvillei  Guerin,  San  Domingo, 

17.  Forehead  and  niesonotum   closely  punctured;    forehead   sometimes  thickly 

pubescent-  •  •    1 18). 

Head,  niesonotum  and  scutelluni  with  a  few  regularly  scattered  punctures; 
parapsidal  grooves  distinct  except  posteriorly.  Velvety  black,  except 
that  the  propodeuni  is  bright  red.     Length  5  mm. 

joIlUMoni  Ashmead,  Jamaica. 

18.  Pronotnni  not  mesally  emarginate  above;  petiole  shallowly  or  wrinkly  jiunc- 

tate (20), 

Pronotum  mesally  emarginate  above;  petiole  very  sparingly  punctured  or 
the  sculpture  obscured  by  thick  white  vestiture (19;. 

19.  .\  distinct  patch  of  white  iiairs  near  the  base  of  the  abdomen  above  ;  cheeks 

very  sparingly,  face  coarsely  and  closely  punctured.  Black  ;  the  pio- 
and  mesonotuni  and  mesopleurje  above  red.     Length  5  mm. 

weillii  Ashmead,  Haiti. 
No  patch  of  hairs  on  abdomen  ;  petiole  with  a  few  small  scattered  punctures, 
cheeks  with  a  few  round  punctures;  face  with  an  indistinct  median 
longitudinal  protuberance,  with  larger  irregular  punctures  over  and 
between  which  are  close  minute  punctures,  giving  it  a  loughened 
appearance;  forehead  with  remarkably  evenly  placed,  separated, 
round  punctures.  Red  ;  antennse,  legs,  ex(!ept  coxse  more  or  less,  ver- 
tex and  abdomen  with  petiole  black poeyi  Guerin.  Cuba. 

20.  Face  immediately  in  front  of  the  base  of  the  antennae  with  a  median  longi- 

tudinal protuberance,  and  very  fine  wrinkly  punctation;  forehead 
clothed  with  yellowish  hairs;  furcula  truncate,  not  forked;  the  longer 
tibial  spur  two-thirds  as  long  as  the  metatarsus.  Rusty  red  ;  head  in 
l)art  and  the  abdomen  black.     Length  4  mm, 

»>tiiuulata  Schletterer,  Cuba. 

TR.\NS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC,  XXXIV.  JUNE,  1908. 


188  FAMILY     EVANIID^. 

Face  without  a  protuberance,  and  coarsely  sculptured  like  tbe  rest  of  the 
liead  ;  forehead  bare;  furcula  with  distinct  but  parallel  tynes;  the 
longer  tibial  spur  scarcely  one-half  the  length  of  the  metatarsus. 
Black  ;  thorax  rusty  reddish. 

OCf  llaria  Schletterer,  Mexico,  St.  Thomas,  Cuba. 

Hyptia  soroi*  Schletterer. 

This  species  was  described  from  botli  North  and  South  America. 

But  such  a  range  seems  almost  impossible  in  view  of  what  we  know 

of  the  distribution  of  these  insects.     I  believe  that  two  species  have 

been   confused,  and  I  liave  not  included  it  in  the  North  American 

fauna. 

Hyptia  poeyi  Guerin. 

'J,. — -Red;  antenna^,  vertex,  legs,  except  anterior  pair  in  front  which  are 
brown,  and  posterior  coxaj  behind  wliich  are  red,  abdomen  with  petiole,  except 
the  apex  which  is  black,  yellow.  Head  from  above  transverse  oval,  the  anterior 
margin  prominent;  the  vertex  forming  a  rather  sharp  crest  upon  which  are 
placed  the  ocelli  ;  the  posterior  ocelli  more  tlian  twice  as  far  from  each  other  as 
from  the  compound  eyes.  From  the  side  the  forehead  convex;  the  eye  moder- 
ate;  the  temples  moderate,  slightly  widened  below;  the  malar  space  about  one- 
third  the  length  of  the  eye.  From  in  front  the  head  is  nearly  round,  somewhat 
pointed  below;  the  inner  margins  of  tbe  eyes  almost  parallel;  an  ill-defined 
carina  separates  the  cheeks  from  the  face  and  runs  within  and  removed  from  the 
eyes  to  the  altitude  of  the  base  of  the  antennae;  face  with  irregular  confluent 
coarse  punctures,  which  are  everywhere  covered  and  almost  obliterated  by  minute 
punctures;  forehead  covered  with  vestiture,  among  which  a  number  of  round 
remarkably  evenly  placed  punctures  are  visible;  temples  and  cheeks  with  a  few 
moderate  punctures.  Antennae  filiform;  the  pedicel  one-third  as  long  as  the 
scape,  two-thirds  as  long  as  joint  3;  the  latter  equalling  joint  4;  joints  3  -f-  4 
equalling  tbe  scape. 

Pronotum  emarginate  above;  humeral  angles  moderately  sharp ;  mesonotum 
and  scutelliim  evenly  covered  with  round,  moderate,  separated  punctures,  be- 
tween which  are  a  few  small  ones;  parapsidal  grooves  indistinctly  marked  in 
front  ;  mesopleurae  smooth  and  polished,  much  depressed  mesally  ;  venter 
minutely  punctulate;  propodeum  shallowly  reticulate,  coarsely  punctured  above 
between  the  scutellum  and  the  petiole;  the  sides  with  two  oblique  carinae,  be- 
tween which  are  almost  obliterated  irregular  cross-bars;  furcula  with  short 
parallel  indistinct  tynes. 

Posterior  tibial  spur  four-fifths  the  length  of  the  metatarsus;  the  latter  almost 
as  long  as  joints  2-5  together;  claws  with  the  innci' ray  much  stouter  than  the 
outer. 

Petiole  with  a  few  small  scattered  punctures;  abdomen  highly  polished;  the 
remaining  segments  almost  concealed  under  the  second  and  third, 

9  . — The  female  diflfers  from  the  male  in  having  very  dense  yellow  pubescence 
on  the  forehead,  giving  it  a  very  striking  appearance  of  bearing  a  yellow  mane; 
the  crest  on  wliich  the  ocelli  are  placed  is  not  so  ])rominent;  the  flagelium  is  dis- 
tinctly thickened  beyond  its  second  joint,  tapering  again  at  the  apex  ;  the  pedicel 
two-ninths  as  long  as  the  scai>e,  two-thirds  as  long  as  joint  3;  the  latter  one-half 


J.    CHKSTER    BRADLKY.  1811 

loiiffer  than  joint  4;  3 -|-  4  over  oiie-lialf  the  lengtli  of  the  scape.  Tlie  tibial 
spur  is  almost  as  long  as  the  metatarsus;  the  second  segment  occupies  almost  the 
entire  abdomen. 

I  have  recognized  this  species  from  two  probably  authentic  speci- 
mens sent  to  Mr.  Cresson  many  years  ago  and  now  in  the  collection 
of  the  American  Entomological  Society.  As  the  original  descrip- 
tion is  too  meagre  to  identify  the  species  from,  I  have  drawn  up  the 
above  description  from  two  specimens  sent  me  by  Professor  C.  F. 
Baker,  collected  by  him  in  Havana,  Cuba. 

Hyptia  bakeri  n.  sp. 

Brownish-black  ;  scape  and  pedicel,  four  anterior  legs  mostly,  and  base  of  pos- 
terior trochanters  yellowish.  Ocelli  almost  twice  as  far  from  each  other  as  from 
the  compound  eyes;  latter  large;  temples  narrow,  widened  below;  malar  space 
small;  face  with  a  prominent  medial  V-shaped  area,  roughened  with  minute 
and  coarse  punctures,  on  the  sides  two  rows  of  large  separated  punctures;  a  row 
of  punctures  surrounds  the  eyes,  and  border  the  temples  and  cheeks  posteriorly  ; 
the  latter  otherwise  very  scantily  punctured;  antcnnse  slightly  thickened,  the 
scape  equalling  joints  2+3+4,  over  three  times  as  long  as  the  pedicel,  which  is 
one-fifth  less  than  joint  3;  the  latter  slightly  less  than  joint  4;  the  forehead, 
vertex  and  entire  dorsum  are  regularly  covered  with  round  separated  but  rather 
close  punctures,  the  humeral  angles  sharp;  the  mesonotal  grooves  wanting; 
mesopleurse  smooth,  polished  ;  propodeum  shallowly  but  very  coarsely  reticulate 
laterally  and  posteriorly;  furcula  short,  with  parallel  tynes.  Posterior  tibial 
spur  one-half  the  length  of  the  metatarsus,  which  equals  the  rest  of  the  tarsus. 
Petiole  longitudinally  striate.     Length  2  mm. 

Hah. — Champerico,  Guatemala,  C.  F.  Baker,  one  specimen. 
Tijpe. — In  the  collection  of  C.  F.  Baker,  Para,  Brazil. 

Hyptia  JohiiMOni  Ashmead. 
The  locality  for  this  should  be  Jamaica  and  not  Philadelphia,  as 
I  pointed  out  in  the  Canadian  Entomologist,  xxxvii,  p.  64.    Besides 
the  type  in  the  U.  S.  National  Museum,  there  are  two  specimens  in 
the  collection  of  the  American  Entomological  Society. 

KV.4KIKL,L,U!S  Enderlein. 
1905,  April  11th.     Evaniellus  Enderlein,  Zool.  Anzeig.,  xxviii,  p.  70. 

Ti/pe. — Evaniellus peruaims  Enderlein. 

Evidently  unaware  that  I  had  established  a  genus  Evaniella  for 
Evania  calijornica  Ashinead  and  others  in  February,  1905,  in  the 
Canadian  Entomologist,  Enderlein  in  April  of  the  same  year  estab- 
lished Evaniellus  for  some  South  American  species.  It  is  to  be 
regretted  that  the  two  names  are  so  near  alike  in  form,  but  the 
recommendation   under   Article   36   of  the   International   Code   as 

TBA.NS.  AM.  ENT.  80C.  XXXIV.  JUNK,  1908. 


190  FAMILY    EVANIID.^. 

given  by  Dr.  Stiles  provides  that  names  are  not  to  lie  rejected 
because  they  differ  only  in  termination,  so  we  must  retain  both 
names,  confusing  as  such  a  course  may  seem  in  the  present  instance. 

Evaniellus  seems  to  differ  from  Hypiia  only  in  the  loss  of  Cu,  so 
that  it  is  one  step  further  in  the  evolutional  series  that  the  family 
presents  in  the  reduction  of  the  wing  veins  (Fig.  87). 

There  are  four  species,  all  from  the  Brazilian  region  of  the  Neo- 
tropical. 

TABLE  TO  THE  SPECIES  OF  EVANIELLUS. 

1.  Face  finely  punctured (2). 

Face  rugose  or  rugose  punctured (3). 

2.  Head  above  rather  coarsely  punctured  ;  face  finely  and  thickly  punctured  ; 

diameter  of  the  hind  ocellus  less  than  its  distance  from  the  compound 
eyes;    petiole  strongly,  thickly  and  coarsely  punctured,  on  the  side 

distinctly  aciculate.     Length  3  mm periiauiiM  Enderlein,  Peru. 

Head  above  rather  finely  and  thickly  punctured  ;  face  very  finely  and  shal- 
lowly  punctured  ;  diameter  of  the  hind  ocellus  equal  to  its  distance 
from  the  compound  eyes;  petiole  long,  finely  but  sharply  longitudi- 
nally striate.     Length  4  mm gracilis  Enderlein,  Peru. 

3.  Head  rather  coarsely  rugose ;  thorax  coarsely  rugose-punctured,  the  parapsi- 

dal  lines  not  very  distinct,  the  lateral  parts  polished  behind  ;  propo- 
deum  coarsely  reticulate;  petiole  distinctly  longitudinal  v^'rinkled. 
Black;  flagellura  rust  red  ;  wings  light  brown.     Length  5  mm. 

brafiiilieiisi^  Szei)ligeti,  Brazil. 
Head  above  rather  coarsely  punctured,  face  very  finely  wrinkly  punctured  ; 
mesonotum  coarsely  punctured  ;  parapsidal  furrows  marked  by  a 
thickly  punctured  line;  propodeum  above  thickly  punctured,  on  the 
sides  more  reticulate;  petiole  rather  strongly,  very  thickly  punctured 
and  longitudinally  striate.  Black;  the  face,  cheeks,  temples,  scape 
and  anterior  pair  of  legs  rust  yellow;  the  middle  legs  yellowish- 
brown.     Length  about  4  mm. 

elialcidipeniiis  Enderlein,  Bolivia. 


ADDENDA. 

The  descriptions  of  the  following  species  were  not  aecessable  to 
the  author  until  too  late  for  inclusion  in  the  keys. 

EVAKIA. 

Oriental  Region. — E.  IdvUpes  Kieffer ;  joera(fenii(/te;  Cam. ;  inter- 
stitialis  Cam.  ;  hirsuta  Enderl. ;  hirsuta  var.  rufofemorata  Endei'l. ; 
.ictosa  Enderl. ;   binghami  Cam. ;  deesitnsis  Cam. 

Ethiopian  Region. — E.  sch'dnlandi  Cam.  (allied  to  Zeuxevania)  ; 
meridionalis  Can). ;  fulvospina  Cam. ;  peringueyi  Cam. ;  riviosa 
Enderl. 

Neotropical. — E.  suncti-puuli  Kieff. 


J.    CHKSTER    BRADLEY.  191 

ACAXTHIXEVAXIA. 

Oriental.  —  A.  sataiias  Enderl. ;  simillima  Endeil. 
Australian. — A.  meraukoisis  Cam. 

ZEIJXEVAXIA. 

Oriental. — [Parevunia)  rubni  Cam. ;  {Parevania)  semiruj'a  Kiefi'. 

See  note  below. 

SEW/EOWYIA. 

Brazilian  Subregion. — S.  litderwaldti  Enderl. ;  Iccvis  Enderl. 

The  author  has  not  had  acce.«s  to  descriptions  of  the  following 
species  :  Evania  coxalis  Kieff;  jiabellata  Kieff. ;  rufonotata  Kiefl.  ; 
parvula  Kieff;  tomeiitella  Kieff.  ;  canaliculata  Kieff.  ;  hicarinatu 
Kieff. ;  cariiiigera  Kieff. ;  heauforti  Cam.  The  last  is  probably  an 
Accuitliinevania,  and  said  to  be  close  to  A.  vieraukensis  Cam. 

PAREVANIA   Kieffer. 

(Fig.  80.) 
1906.     Parevania  KieflFer,  Berl.  Em.  Zeitschr.,  li,  p.  270. 

Type. — Parevania  seminifa  Kieffer. 

Kieffer  erects  this  genus  for  P.  semirufa  n.  sp.,  which  is  either 
identical  or  very  close  to  my  Zeuxevania  schlettereri  described  on 
page  179.  About  the  only  difference  evident  between  this  genus 
and  the  type  of  Zeuxevania — Z.  dinarica  Schletterer — is  that  the 
base  of  the  free  part  of  M  is  not  entirely  atrophied.  For  the  pres- 
ent, at  least,  I  should  not  incline  to  assign  it  more  than  subgeneric 
rank. 

Evania.  rubra  Cam.  is  a  closely  related,  although  distinct  species. 
Cameron  hesitates  to  place  it  in  Zeuxevania,  with  which  he  admits 
its  affinities,  on  account  of  its  possessing  the  longitudinal  sector  of 
the  base  of  the  free  part  of  M,  which  he  states  is  absent  in  Zeux- 
evania, doubtless  thinking  of  his  E.  marginata,  which,  however, 
really  belongs  to  Evaniscns  and  not  Zeuxevania. 

FCENIN.E. 

I  have  recently  recognized  an  additional  genus  of  Foenimo,  re- 
sembling Pseudofccnus  in  wing  venation,  but  occurring  in  California 
with  one  new  species  and  in  Guatemala.  The  description  of  this 
genus  and  species  and  of  a  new  species  of  Famus  from  California, 
with  additional  observations  on  the  classification  of  the  subfamily, 
I  shall  shortly  publish  el.sewhere. 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  JUNE,  1908. 


192  FAMILY    EVANIID^. 

EXPLANATION  OF  THE  PLATES. 
Plate  V. 

1.  Hyptia prosetethetra  n.  sp.,  sculpture  on  side  of  pronotuui 

2.  Hyptia  hyptiogastris  n.  sp.,  "  "  '" 

3.  Hyptia  harpyoides  n.  sp.,  "  "  " 

4.  Hyptia  nyctoides  n.  sp.,  "  "  " 

5.  Hyptia  texana  n.  sp.,  "'  "  " 

6.  Hyptia  thoracica 'BX^wchiivA,       "  "  " 

7.  Hyptia  reticulata  Say,  "  "  " 

8.  Hyptia  mylacridomanes  n.  sp.,     "  "  " 


Plate  VI. 
9.  Evaniella  caUfornica  Ashni.,  lateral  view  of  head. 

10.  Acanthinevania princep.i  Westw.,  top  view  of  bead. 

11.  Evaniella  semseoda  n.  sp.,  "  " 

12.  Hyptia  harpyoides  li.  sp.,  "  " 

13.  Evania  appendigaster  L.,  "  " 

14.  Semseomyia  kiefferi  n.  sp.,  profile. 

15.  Semseomyia  Mefferi  n.  sp.,  top  view  of  head. 

16.  Evaniella  semseoda  n.  sp.,  profile. 

17.  Evania  appendigaster  L.,  profile. 

18.  Evania  appendigaster  L. 

19.  Hyptia,  thorax  from  in  front,  the  head  being  removed. 

Plate  VII. 

20.  Hyptiogaster  humeralis  Schl.,  labium. 

21.  Hyptiogaster  humeralis  Schl.,  maxillte. 

22.  Ecenus  incertus  Cresson,  labium. 

23.  Ecenus  incertus  Cresson,  maxillae. 

24.  Odontaulacus  editus  Cresson,  labium. 

25.  Odontaulacus  hilobatus  Prov.,  maxillse. 

26.  Acanthinevania  genalis  Schl.,  labium  as  seen  from  the  side. 


Plate  VIII. 

27.  Evania  appendigaster  L.,  maxilla. 

28.  Evania  appendigaster  L.,  labium,  dorsal  view. 

29.  Evania  appendigaster  L.,       "         ventral  view. 

30.  Semoeodogaster  minuta  01.,  labium,  ventral  view. 

31.  Semseodogaster  minuta  01.,  maxilla. 

32.  Zeuxevania  schlettereri  n.  sp.,  mouth -parts. 

33.  Semee-omyia  barticensis  n.  sp.,  labium. 

34.  Semxomyia  barticensis  n.  sp.,  maxilla. 

35.  Evaniella  semseoda  n.  sp.,  mouth-parts. 

36.  Hyptia  harpyoides  n.  sp.,  maxilla. 

37.  Hyptia  harpyoides  n.  sp.,  labium,  ventral  view. 

38.  Hyptia  harpyoides  n.  sp.,        "        dorsal  view. 


J.    CHKSTER    BRADLEY. 


193 


Plate  IX. 

39.  PammegiscJiid  ushmendi  n.  sp.,  posterior  tarsal  claw. 

40.  Oduntauldcus  editiis  Cr.,  " 

41.  Oleisoprider  sfigmaterns  Cr.,  " 

42.  Pristaulacu.i  niger  Shuck.,  "' 

43.  Fcenus  incertus  Cr.,  '' 

44.  Evania  appendigasier  L.,  " 

45.  Evania  urbana,  n.  sp.,  " 

46.  Evania  tinctipennix  Cam.,  " 

47.  Acanthi nevani a  xzepligeti  n.  sp.,       " 

48.  Acanthinevania princeps  Westw.,  middle 

49.  Evaniella  nemseoda  n.  sp.,  posterior 

50.  Zeiixevania  schlettereri  n.  sp.,  " 

51.  Semseomyia  barticensis  n.  sp.,  " 

52.  Senneomi/ia  kiefferi  ii.  sp.,  " 

53.  Semxodogaster  mimUa  01.,  " 

54.  Hyptia  harpyoideti  n.  sp.,  " 


55. 
56. 
57. 
58. 
59. 
60. 
61. 
62. 
63. 
64. 
65. 
66. 


Plate  X. 
9  ,  anteuna. 

%,         " 

9,       " 

9,       " 


Semieomyia  barticenxis  n.  sp. 

Evania  appendigasier  L., 

Hyptia  harpyoides  ii.  sp., 

Hyptia  harpyoidea  n.  sp., 

Evania  enderleini  n.  sp., 

Ecania  appendiga/iter  L.,  posterior  leg. 

Hyptia  harpyoides  u.  sp..         "  " 

Evania  appendigasier  L.,  metanotum  as  viewed  from  the  side. 

Hyptia  sp.,  metanotum  as  viewed  from  the  side. 

Acanthinevania  princeps  Westw.,  furcula. 

Evania  enderleini  n.  sp.,  " 

Evania  urbana  n.  sp.,  " 


Plate  XI. 

67.  Anlacinns  fnsiger  Schl.,  front  wing  (after  Kieffer). 

68.  Pammegischia  ouelleti  Brad.,  front  w'ing,  abnormal,  see  text. 

69.  Pammegischia  ashmeadi  n.  sp.,  front  and  hind  wings. 

70.  Interaulacus  kiefferi  i\.  sp.,  front  wing. 


Plate  XII. 

71.  Odontaulacns  editus  Cr.,  front  and  hind  wings. 

72.  Hyptiogaster  humeralis  Schl.,  front  and  hind  wings. 

73.  Foenus  incertus  Cr.,  front  wing. 

74.  Pseudoprnus  pedunculatus  Sch\.,  front  wing. 


TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC,  XXXIV. 


(25) 


JUNE,  1908. 


194  FAMILY    EVANIID^. 

Plate  XIII. 

75.  Evania  sp.,  part  of  front  wing. 

76.  Eiimiia  appendigader  L.,  front  and  hind  wings. 

77.  Evania  urhana  n.  sp.,  front  wing. 

78.  Evania  enderleini  n.  sp.,  front  wing. 


Plate  XIV. 

79.  Acanthinevania  princeps  Westw.,  front  wing. 

80.  Zeuxevania  (Parevania)  schlettereri  n.  sp.,  front  wing. 

81.  Zeuxevania  dinarica  Schl.,  "  (after  Kieffer). 

82.  Evaniscus  marginatus  Cam.,  "  (after  Cameron) 

83.  Evaniella  neomexicana  Ashru.,  " 


Plate  XV. 

84.  Semseodogaster  minuta  01.,  front  wing. 

85.  Semseomyia  barticensis  n.  sp.,         '" 

86.  Hyptia  sp.,  front  and  hind  wings. 

87.  Evaniellus  sp,.  front  wing  (after  Enderlein). 


ERRATA. 

Page  101,  title,  Eead  ARCHAIC  for  .ARCHIAC. 

109,  5th  line,  Fwnus  serieeum  Cameron  for  F.  maculicorne. 
133,  8th  line,  read  Foeninse  for  GasteruptioninsE. 
133,  29th  and  34th  lines,  read  m-cn  for  m  cii. 

136,  3rd  column,  17tb  line,  read  ?  Q*  for  ?  2«. 

137,  29th  line,  read  Ichneumon  appendigaster  for  Evania  appendig aster. 
163,  39th     "         "  "  " 
168,  line  1  of  table,  read  Argentine  and  Brazilian  subregions. 


Tians.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Vol.  XXXIV. 


PL  V. 


^■K- 


BRADLEY  ON    EVANIID/E. 


Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Vol.  XXXIV, 


PI.  VI. 


BRADLEY  ON    EVANIID/C. 


Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  Vol.  XXXIV. 


PI.  VII. 


BRADLEY  ON    EVANIID/E. 


Trans.  Am.  Eiit.  Soc,  Vol.  XXXIV. 


PI.  VIII. 


BRADLEY  ON   EVANIID/E. 


Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Vol.  XXXIV. 


I'l.  IX. 


BRADLEY   ON    EVANIID/E, 


Tniiis.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  Vol.  XXXIV. 


PI.  X. 


BRADLEY  ON    EVANIID/E. 


Trans.  Am.  Ent.  .S<ic..  Vol.  XXXIV 


PI.  XI 


Sc  + 


^Sc  +  R  +  M 


Mi  +  Cui 


BRADLEY  ON    EVANMD/E. 


Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc...  Vol.  XXXIV. 


PI.  XII. 


.SV    .    11   .    M 


«>«.;>  a:  R,^^  jiji^ 


+  v,  a-- 


*'+7 


jW<  +Cu,,.,  +  lai  +  Jd  +  3dA 
^Ist  +  "id  +  3d  A  £  Cut  +  Ut  +  2d  +  .Vd  A 


BRADLEY   ON    EVANIID/E. 


Trans.  Am.  Eiit.  Soc.  Vol.  XXXIV. 


PI.  XIII. 


76 


Ra+i^ii  <ft  iJj+4  &  B» 


M,  ,a  Jt  Rs  +  Ml  4t  R,^s  +  Ml 


Mi  +  Cu,t^  +  1st  +  i!d  +  3d  A 
Ut  +  "id  +  3d  A  £■  Cm  +  1st  +  3d  +  3d  A 


R  +lst  R, 


BRADLEY  ON    EVANIID/E. 


Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Vol.  XXXIV. 


PL  XIV 


'1st  +  2d  +  3d  A  .{-  Cti..  +  1st  +  2d  +  .Vd  A 


1st  Hi 


BRADLEY   ON    EVANIID/E. 


Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  Vol.  XXXIV. 


Fl.  XV. 


Cu  <&  Cm 


^Ist  +  2d  +  3d  A  £  Cits  +  1st  +  Sd  +  3d  A 


Cuj 


85 


BRADLEY   ON    EVANIID/E. 


% 


VOLUME   XXXIV,   NUMBER  3. 


0 


ss 


TRANSASTIONS 


OF    THE 


jL.n^Ei^io.^asr 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  SOCIETY 


i 


PUBLISHED  BY  THE  AMERICAN  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SOCIETY   AT  THE 
ACADRMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES, 

PHILADELPHIA. 

*  

WW  SUBSCRIPTION  PRICK  FOUR  DOLLARS  PER  VOLUME.  JD, 

^ -=4c=- >ff^  I 


AMERICAN    HYMENOPTERA.  195 


A  Coiitribiitioii  towards  the  kiiowled$;e  4»rtlio  Odyncridif 
of  the  Soiithwe»«t  of  tlie  United  Ktatex. 

BY    P.    CAMERON. 

The  species  recorded  and  described  in  this  paper  were  sent  irie  hv 
Prof.  C.  F.  Baker.  The  Vespidse  of  Nevada,  California  and  Texas 
are  comparatively  little  known.  In  point  of  fact  not  much  has 
been  done  towards  the  elucidation  of  the  Solitary  Wasps  of  the 
United  States  since  the  appearance  of  the  well-known  monograph 
of  Dr.  Henri  de  Saussure.  I  hope  shortly  to  prepare  and  publish  a 
synoptical  table  of  the  North  American  species. 

iMoiiobia  qiiadrideiis  Say. 
Fedor,  Texas. 

A  variable  species  as  regards  the  size  and  form  of   the  yellow 

markings. 

Odynern!«  arvensis  Sauss. 

The  four  examples  of  this  species  examined  are  not  alike.     In 

none  of  theni  is  the  apex  of  the  clypeus  quite  as  shown  bv  Saussure 

(Syn.   Am.  Wasps,  f.  16«),  but  then  its  apex  is  not   identical   in 

Prof.    Baker's    specimens    which    are    from    Texas    (Fedor).      The 

black  apical  mark  on  the  clypeus  varies  in  size  and  form  ;  it  may 

be  regular  or  iri-egular ; .  the  extreme  apex  may  be  black,  red,  or 

have  two  small  yellow  marks.     The  black  apical  mark  on  the  first 

abdominal  segment  varies  in  size  and  form  ;  in  one  specimen  it  is 

small,  narrowed  greatly  at  the  base  and  apex,  dilated  laterally,  the 

lateral  projection  being  wide  on   the  inner,  gradually  narrowed  on 

the  outerside.     The  legs  are  reddish  or  yellow,  tinged  with  rufous. 

The  head  and  thorax  are  densely  covered  with  gray  pubescence.    In 

all  the  specimens  there  is  a  large  yellow  or  rufous  spot  on  the  sides 

of  tlie  scutellum.     Apical  half  of  mandibles  rufous,  the  black  basal 

half  with  a  yellow  mark.     There   may  be  a  small    yellow    lateral 

mark  on  the  second  abdominal  segment. 

Odyneru»$  aniiiilatiis  Say. 

This  is  a  most  variable  species  as  regards  coloration  ;  the  scul})- 

ture  varying  also,  some  specimens  being  much  more  strongly  punc 

tured  than  others.     Some  specimens  have  the  wings  more  deeply 

and  broadly  fuscous-violaceous  than  others.     Other  exan)ples  come 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  JULY.  1908, 


196  p.    CAMERON. 

close  in  size  and  coloration  to  0.  dorsalis  Fab.  Characteristic  is 
the  form  of  the  clypeus,  which  is  broader  than  usual,  clearly 
broader  than  long ;  tiie  apex  broad,  transverse,  with  the  sides  end- 
ing in  minute  teeth.  It  has  been  taken  at  Fedor,  and  Lee  County, 
Texas ;  Oslar :  Prescott,  Phoenix  and  Cougress,  Arizona ;  Clear 
Creek  and  Berkeley,  Colorado. 

V,/Odynerus  orasus  sp.  nov. 

Black  ;  the  clypeus,  base  of  mandibles,  underside  of  scape,  a  mark  with  a  short 
pedicle  below,  gradually  dilated  from  below  upwards,  the  eye  incision  from  the 
face  to  the  end  of  the  incision,  a  narrow  transverse  line  on  the  base  of  the  pro- 
notum,  postscutellum,  the  apical  half  of  the  first  abdominal  segment  broadly  on 
the  sides,  more  narrowly  on  the  apex,  a  large,  transverse,  oval  mark  on  the  sides 
of  the  second  segment  and  the  apices  of  the  third  to  fifth  more  nariowly,  lemon- 
yellow  ;  the  middle  of  mandibles,  pronotum  except  at  the  base,  tegulse,  the  sides 
of  metanotum  and  the  sides  of  the  first  abdominal  segment  round  the  lateral 
yellow  expansion — broadly  on  the  inner  side — and  the  legs,  except  at  the  coxae, 
rufous.  Wings  hyaline,  the  costal  and  radial  cellule  smoky  violaceous.  %. 
Length  (total)  11  mm. 

Head  above  closely  but  not  strongly  punctured  ;  the  clypeus  only  sparselj' 
punctured;  the  latter  as  wide  as  long,  broadly  rounded  above,  the  apex  with  a 
deep,  wide  incision.  The  antennal  hook  long,  reddish,  reaching  close  to  the 
base  of  the  penultimate  joint.  Base  of  thorax  transverse,  the  sides  not  distinctly 
projecting.  Apical  slope  of  postscutellum  smooth,  transverse;  a  deep  striated 
furrow  on  the  metanotum  immediately  below  it.  Sides  of  metanotum  rounded, 
not  margined,  rugose.  First  abdominal  segment  cup-shaped,  smooth;  the  other 
segments  are  closely  punctured,  the  second  less  strongly  than  the  others;  its  apex 
broadly  depressed,  the  depression  extending  beyond  the  yellow  line  and  is 
broader  in  the  centre  ;  the  apex  is  slightly  incurved,  smooth,  with  a  band  of  deep 
punctures  behind,  there  being  a  similar  band  of  larger  and  deeper  punctures  on 
the  others.  Coxse  black,  the  four  anterior  yellow  below;  the  four  anterior 
femora  are  yellow  at  the  apex  below  ;  the  hind  coxae  and  trochanters  are  black. 

Fedor,  Texas ;  August. 

This  species  might  be  matched  with  one  of  the  numerous  varieties 
of  0.  annulatus  Say  ;  the  incised  apex  of  the  clypeus  readily  sepa- 
rates the  male  from  the  latter,  which  has  it  not  deeply  incised,  but 
transverse,  with  the  sides  slightly  toothed. 

'•■--  Odynerus  s^cudderi  sp.  nov. 
Black  ;  the  sides  of  the  clypeus  broadly,  a  narrow  line  on  the  base  of  the  man- 
dibles, a  mark  over  the  antennaj,  broader  than  long,  transverse  above,  gradually 
roundly  narrowed  below,  ending  there  in  a  nipple-like  point,  a  line  on  the  upper 
outer  orbits,  the  line  reaching  to  near  the  middle,  a  line  on  the  base  of  thorax, 
narrowed  in  the  middle,  the  sides  rounded,  a  small  irregular  spot  below  the 
teguljE,  a  small  spot  on  the  sides  of  the  scutelluni,  and  broad  bands  on  the  apices 
of  the  basal  five  abdominal  segments,  that  on  the  first  broadly  narrowed  in  the 
middle;  a  comi)lete  band  on  the  apex  of  the  second  ventral  and  triangular  spots 


AMERICAN    IIYMENOPTERA.  197 

on  the  sides  of  the  following  three  segments,  Inteous.  Wings  bright  fulvous,  the 
apex  tinged  with  fulvous;  the  costa  and  stigma  bright  rufo-fnlvous,  the  nervures 
darker  colored.      9  ■     Total  length  10  mm. 

Clypeus  distinctly  longer  than  wide;  in  its  centre  is  a  black  mark  extending 
from  top  to  bottom,  the  top  square,  from  there  it  becomes  gradually  widened  to 
the  middle,  then  gradually  narrowed  to  near  the  apex,  which  ends  in  a  clearly 
separated  angle;  the  sides  of  the  mark  are  irregular,  the  apex  is  transverse. 
Apex  of  postscutellum  smooth,  transver.se.  The  sides  of  nietanotum  become 
gradually  widened  to  a  point  in  the  middle  from  above  and  below  ;  the  apex  is 
closely,  finely,  obliquely  striated.  Pro-  and  mesothorax  rugosely  punctured. 
Metapleura?  closely  distinctly  striated,  the  lower  basal  part  more  finely  than  the 
rest.  First  abdominal  segment  cup-shaped,  smooth,  as  wide  as  the  second,  which 
is  distinctly  wider  than  long.  The  head,  thorax  and  base  of  abdomen  are 
densely  covered  with  long,  fuscous  black  hair.  The  base  of  the  thorax  is  trans- 
verse, its  sides  not  projecting. 

This  species  shows  an  approach  to  Hypodernus. 


Odyneru^i  crotcliii  sp.  nov. 

Black ;  the  clypeus,  antennal  scape,  a  line  on  the  basal  third  of  the  pronotum, 
a  narrow,  more  or  less  interrupted  line  on  the  upper  edge  of  the  pronotum, 
tegula>,  except  for  a  brown  spot  in  the  middle,  a  large  conical  mark,  obliquely 
truncated  above,  on  the  pleurte  below  them,  scutellum,  a  mark  on  the  sides  of 
postscutellum,  an  oblique,  oval  transverse  spot  on  the  sides  of  metanotum  below, 
a  line  on  the  apex  of  the  first  abdominal  segment  above,  one  all  round  on  the 
apex  of  the  second,  the  upper  line  dilated  laterally,  tlie  lower  one  broadly  dila- 
ted in  the  centre,  a  line  on  the  top  of  the  fourth  segment,  the  apex  of  the 
femora,  the  tibise  and  the  tarsi,  sulphur-yellow,  the  basal  parts  of  the  legs 
rufous.  Wings  highly  iridescent,  the  front  part  and  apex  broadly  violaceous, 
the  nervures  and  stigma  black.      J.     Total  length  7  mm. 

Head  coarsely  punctured,  the  clypeus  with  the  punctures  more  widely  separa- 
ted, it  is  as  long  as  wide,  its  apex  ending  in  two  stout  teeth,  the  part  between 
them  being  depressed.  Thorax  narrower  than  the  head,  its  base  margined,  quite 
transverse,  the  sides  of  its  apex  broadly  rounded,  with  a  distinctly  defined  fur- 
row down  the  centre,  the  sides  below  with  two  stout  teeth,  the  upper  broad. 
Base  of  postscutellum  with  a  broad,  raised,  coarsely  crenulated  ridge,  its  apex 
bluntly  rounded.  First  abdominal  segment  longer  than  it  is  wide  at  the  apex, 
the  base  smooth,  distinctly  pedunculated,  the  rest  coarsely,  closely  punctured  ; 
the  second  is  more  finely  and  more  closely  punctured,  except  at  the  apex,  where 
there  is  a  more  strongly  punctured  belt,  which  is  slightly  depressed  in  the  mid- 
dle; the  segment  is  longer  than  wide  and  is  distinctly  narrowed  at  the  base. 

The  male  is  similarly  colored,  the  clypeus  yellow,  with  a  semi-circular  incision 
in  the  apex;  the  coloration  is  the  same,  except  tliat  the  yellow  markings  are 
smaller  and  the  legs  are  black  to  near  the  apex  of  the  femora  ;  the  antennal  scape 
is  yellow  below  ;  the  hook  is  short,  narrow,  not  reaching  to  the  base  of  the  joint. 
The  pubescence  in  both  sexes  is  silvery. 

Lee  County,  Texas  ;  May. 
Belongs  to  Saussure's  Section  B,  a. 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  JULY,  1908. 


198  p.    CAMERON. 


Odyiierus  (Pacliyodynerns)  cressoiii  sp.  nov. 

Black  ;  a  broad  curved  liue,  dilated  above,  on  the  top  of  tbe  clypeus,  an  oblique 
mark,  longer  than  wide,  on  the  sides  of  the  apex,  a  small  squarish  mark  over  tbe 
antennje,  a  curved  line,  dilated  on  the  innerside,  on  the  eye  incision,  a  short  line 
on  the  top  of  the  outer  orbits,  a  line  on  the  base  of  the  pronotnm,  narrowed  in 
the  middle,  a  large  mark,  longer  (counting  from  the  top  to  the  bottom),  narrowed 
and  transverse  below;  the  postscutellum,  sides  of  metanotum  broadly,  distinct 
bands  on  the  apices  of  the  basal  five  abdominal  segments,  that  on  the  first  dilated 
at  the  base  and  a  semi-circular  mark  (its  base  transverse,  the  apex  rounded)  on 
the  sides  of  the  second  segment,  pale  yellow,  as  are  also  the  under  side  of  the 
antennal  scape ;  the  extreme  apex  of  the  clypeus  of  the  apical  half  of  the  man- 
dibles rufous.  Wings  hyaline,  tinged  with  fuscous  violaceous;  the  radial  cellule 
darker,  distinctly  violaceous.  Legs  bright  rufo-fulvous,  the  coxse,  trochanters 
and  base  of  femora  black  ;  the  apex  of  femora  and  base  of  tibiai  largely  yellow. 
9  ■     Length  to  end  of  second  segment  9  mm. 

Closely  punctured  and  covered  with  a  gray  pile;  the  apices  of  the  basal  three 
abdominal  segments  more  strongly,  deeply,  irregularly  punctured  ;  the  apex  of 
the  second  strongly  reflexed,  depressed  behind  the  raised  part,  the  depression 
with  yellow  longitudinal  keels,  the  part  between  them  black;  this  depression 
behind  is  bordered  by  a  band  of  yellow  rugosities;  the  apex  of  the  third  is  also 
reflexed  but  not  so  strongly,  and  is  bordered  with  similar  yellow  rugosities. 
Apex  of  clypeus  slightly  depressed,  transverse.  Postscutellum  raised,  strongly 
punctured  throughout;  the  apex  of  the  yellow  part  is  roundly  curved.  Sides 
of  metanotum  rounded  ;  below  projecting  into  longish  oblique  teeth.  The  sec- 
ond and  third  ventral  segments  have  their  apices  yellow  and  are  more  strongly 
punctured  than  the  rest.  Base  of  thorax  transverse,  raised,  slightly  projecting 
on  the  outerside. 

The  black  on  the  fore  femora  below  extends  beyond  the  middle,  on  the  four 
hinder  below  closely  to  the  middle.     Tegulse  large,  rufous,  yellow  at  the  base. 

The  coloration  of  tbe  male  is  nearly  the  same,  but  with  the  yellow  much  more 
extended;  the  clypeus  is  yellow;  the  mark  on  the  front  is  larger,  longer  and 
roundly  bifurcated  above;  the  eye  incision  is  broadly  yellow  ;  the  mandibles  are 
yellow  at  the  base  and  below,  except  at  the  apex  where  they  are  rufous;  the 
femora  and  trochanters  want  the  black;  the  coxte  are  yellow  below ;  the  tibiae 
and  base  of  tarsi  are  largely  yellow  in  front.  The  flagellum  of  antenna  is 
rufous,  except  on  the  top.     Tegulse  yellow,  with  a  rufous  spot  in  the  middle. 

The  apex  of  clypeus  has  a  triangular  incision  ;  the  clypeus  is  shining  and 
sparsely  punctured.  The  antennal  hook  is  broad,  black  and  bluntly  rounded  at 
the  apex  ;  it  is  larger  and  broader  than  usual.  The  hind  tibise  are  peculiarly 
formed  ;  they  have  the  lower  edge  at  the  apex  roundly,  broadly  dilated,  this 
dilated  part  being  clearly  separated.  The  spot  on  the  second  abdominal  segment 
is  larger,  more  irregular  and  obliquely  oval ;  the  yellow  line  on  the  first  segment 
is  largely  dilated  backwards  laterally  ;  the  line  on  it  broader  and  dilated  in 
the  middle;  it  has  the  same  depression  and  rugosities  as  has  also  the  third,  but 
not  so  strongly  developed  ;  the  three  apical  lines  are  almost  white.  Also  the 
yellow  on  the  postscutellum  projects  into  the  dilated  part  beliind,  it  being  con- 
sequently not  quite  transverse  as  in  the  9  ■ 

Oslar  :  Las  Vegas,  New  Mexico  ;  July.     Allied  to  0.  toas  Cress. 
Characteristic  is  the  dilated  apex  of  the  S  hinder  tibiae. 


AMERICAN    HYMENOPTERA.  199 

Odyiieriis  (Pachyodernus)  oslarensis  sp.  uov. 

Black,  densely  covered  with  a  short  pale  pile,  the  pile  on  the  top  of  the  nieso- 
notum  tinged  with  fulvous;  a  small  spot  on  the  outer  orbits  near  the  top,  two 
short  lines  on  the  hinder  edge  of  the  pronotum,  an  irregular,  more  or  less  inter- 
rupted line  on  the  centre  of  the  postseutelluni,  a  moderately  broad  line  on  the 
apex  of  the  basal  two  abdominal  segments,  and  a  uarrower,  less  distinct  one  on 
the  apex  of  the  third,  bright  orange-yellow;  the  markings  on  the  thorax  paler 
than  those  on  the  abdomen.  Legs  densely  covered  with  a  pale  pile.  Wings 
obscured  hyaline,  fuscous  violaceous  in  front,  the  nervures  and  stigma  black. 
9  .     Length  to  end  of  second  segment  nearly  10  mm. 

Clypeus  clearly  longer  than  its  greatest  width  ;  the  apex  depressed,  projecting, 
slightly  roundly  incised,  its  sides  thickened  ;  the  punctuation  is  strong,  close  and 
uniform  ;  the  punctuation  of  the  front  and  vertex  is  coarser,  closer  and  more 
rugose;  there  is  a  smooth,  shining,  triangular  tubercle,  furrowed  in  the  middle, 
between  and  shortly  above  the  antennse.  Thorax  transver.<*e  at  the  base  and 
apex,  strongly  closely  punctured,  the  base  of  metapleura;  smooth,  the  rest  irreg- 
ularly, obliquely  striated.  The  two  furrows  on  the  apex  of  the  mesonotum  are 
distinct,  but  not  deep.  Postscutellum  clearly  separated  by  a  furrow  behind  ;  it 
is  raised,  rounded,  coarsely  rugosely  punctured,  its  apical  slope  smooth,  shining, 
transverse.  Metanotum  irregularly  shagreened,  more  strongly  and  obliquely 
above  ;  in  the  middle  above  is  a  small,  smooth,  shining  triangular  area  ;  from  its 
centre  and  sides  a  keel  runs  down  to  near  the  middle,  the  part  below  them  being 
smooth,  flat  and  slightly  raised  ;  the  sides  at  the  angle  above  the  middle  project 
into  three  teeth,  of  which  the  central  is  the  larger.  The  first  abdominal  seg- 
ment is  weakly,  the  base  of  the  second  more  strongly,  its  apex  still  more  strongly 
and  the  third  to  fifth  coarsely  rugosely  punctured. 

Oslar :  Congress,  Arizona. 

In  Saussure's  arrangement  this  species  would  come  near  0.  cali- 
fornicus.  , 

Odynerus  (Hypodernu!^)  longipilosus  sp.  uov. 

Black;  an  irregular  ovate  mark  on  the  sides  of  the  clypeus  above;  a  small 
transverse  oval  mark  over  the  antennte,  a  minute  one  behind  the  top  of  the  eyes, 
a  line  on  the  base  of  the  thorax,  the  base  and  apex  of  tegulie,  a  small  irregular 
mark  below  the  latter,  and  narrow  but  distinct  lines  on  the  apices  of  the  basal 
four  aluiominal  segments,  the  apical  two  narrower  than  the  others,  white,  verj- 
slightly  tinged  with  yellow;  the  greater  part  of  the  tibite  pale  yellow,  the  tarsi 
rufous.  Wings  hyaline,  distinctly  tinged  with  fulvous  in  front;  the  costa  and 
stigma  rufo-fulvous.      9-     Length  12  mm. 

Head,  thorax  and  base  of  abdomen  densely  covered  with  long  fuscous  hair. 
Clypeus  pyriforni,  as  broad  as  long,  its  apex  somewhat  broad,  almost  transverse, 
distinctly  punctured  ;  the  rest  of  the  head  and  the  thorax  closely,  strongly  punc- 
tured. Thorax  fully  twice  longer  than  wide,  its  base  not  quite  transverse,  the 
sides  not  projecting;  the  apex  with  the  sides  blunt.  Parai)sidal  furrows  indica- 
ted weakly  in  the  middle;  the  middle  of  mesonotum  broadly  depressed  at  apex. 
Apex  of  post-scutelluni  transverse,  aciculated.  Base  of  first  abdominal  segment 
smooth  and  shining  below,  rougher  above,  the  suture  not  prominent;  the  seg- 
ment above  is  bluntly  rounded;  the  second  segment  square,  finely  niinutely 
punctured  ;  the  apices  of  the  segments  are  flat. 

TRANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  JULY,  1908. 


200  p.    CAMERON. 

Golden,  Colorado ;  San  Miguel,  Colorado  (Oslar). 

Except  that  the  base  of  the  first  abdominal  segment  above  is 
roughened,  showing  an  approach  to  Ancistrocerus,  this  species 
agrees  fairly  well  with  Hypodernus,  which  section  is  rare  in  the 
Nearctic  region.  It  is  more  slenderly  built  than  the  typical  forms 
of  that  group.  The  sides  of  the  metanotum  being  margined  (but 
not  very  strongly),  may  cause  one  to  refer  it  to  Sanssure's  Section  1 
of  Ancistrocerus,  with  the  rugosity  on  the  top  of  the  first  abdominal 
segment. 

The  group  of  fedorensis  Cam.  {rujinodis  Cress.). 

This  is  a  group  of  small-sized  species,  with  the  greater  part  of 
the  median  segment,  the  basal  segment  of  abdomen  and  the  legs  red. 

Note. — There  does  not  appear  to  be  any  clear  line  of  demarca- 
tion between  Odynerus  s.  sir.  and  Ancistrocerus.  The  suture  may  be 
distinct  or  merely  indicated  by  the  basal  slope  not  being  so  strongly 
punctured  as  the  rest. 

The  grouping  of  the  species  may  be  regarded  as  my  first  attempt 
to  range  the  species  according  to  their  natural  afiitiities. 


Oclyu«*rus  fedorensis  sp.  nov. 

Black,  the  median  segment,  first  abdominal  segment  and  the  legs  red  ;  the 
clypeus,  basal  half  of  mandibles,  a  mark  roundly  dilated  laterally  above,  under- 
side of  antenna]  scape,  a  broad,  interrupted  line  on  the  pronotum,a  broad  curved 
line  across  the  apex  of  the  seutellum,  base,  apex  and  outerside  of  the  tegulse,  a 
large  mark,  transverse  above,  rounded  below,  on  the  mesopleuraj  below  the 
tegulfe,  a  baud  on  tlie  first  and  second  abdominal  segments,  that  on  the  second 
all  round,  and  a  large,  irregularly  rounded  mark  on  the  sides  of  the  second  abdo- 
minal segment,  yellow;  the  tarsi  are  blackish;  there  is  a  yellow  mark  on  the 
apex  of  the  fore  femora  behind,  and  the  four  anterior  tibije  are  yellow  in  front. 
Wings  hyaline,  the  radial  cellule  smoky,  the  stigma  and  nervnres  fuscous.  %  . 
Length  to  end  of  second  abdominal  segment  6  mm. 

First  abdominal  segment  cup-shaped,  except  at  the  base,  closely  strongly  punc- 
tured; the  apex  distinctly  curled  up  and  more  strongly  punctured;  the  second 
segment  is  closely  punctured,  more  strongly  towards  the  apex,  which  is  more 
strongly  reflexed  than  the  first,  its  base  clearly  narrowed.  Clypeus  broader  than 
long,  obliquely  narrowed  laterally  above,  coarsely,  clo.'sely  punctured  ;  its  apex  is 
shortly,  bluntly  bidentate  ;  deeply  depressed  above.  Head  above  closely  strongly 
punctured  ;  the  eye  incision  thickly  covered  with  silvery  pubescence;  the  space 
between  the  hinder  ocelli  is  depressed  ;  occiput  transverse,  the  temples  are  longer 
than  the  eyes  above;  there  is  a  small  yellow  sjiot  on  them  above.  Base  of  thorax 
transverse,  the  lateral  angles  acute.  Apex  of  postscutellum  transverse,  the  apical 
slope  smooth.  Apex  of  metanotum  not  much  excavated,  furrowed  down  the 
middle;  the  centre  and  outer  edges  punctured,  the  rest  smooth;  below,  on  the 
sides,  is  a  loiigish  sharp  spine.  Antenna!  stout;  the  apical  hook  does  not  reach 
to  the  apex  of  the  last  joint.  The  middle  of  the  mandibles  is  red.  Palpi  black- 
ish, as  are  also  the  anterior  coxa'  and  trochanters. 


amp:rican  iiymknoptera.  201 

Fedor,  Texas.     This  is  an  Odynerus  sensu  str. 

It  is  possible  that  this  may  be  the  %  of  0.  rufinodus  Cress,  from 
New  Mexico;  there  are  some  essential  differences,  however,  not  of  a 
sexual  nature;  e.  g.  rufinodus,  according  to  the  description,  has  no 
marks  on  the  second  abdominal  segment,  no  niark  on  front,  the 
scutellum  has  two  spots,  not  a  continuous  li'ie,  the  posterior  tarsi 
only  are  dusky,  and  the  fore  legs  are  red  a*  iie  base.  The  syste- 
matic position  of  0.  rufinodus  is  not  stated,  biit  presumedly  it  is  an 
Odijuerus  sensu  str. 

IMijnevvks  hcteroMpiliis  sp.  nov. 

Bl:ick.  the  pronotiini.  postscutelluni,  median  segment,  first  abdominal  segment, 
underside  of  second  broadly  in  the  middle,  apex  of  clypeus  and  greater  part  of 
mandibles  red  ;  yellow  are  a  spot  on  front,  the  inner  portion  of  the  eye  orbits,  a 
small  spot  on  the  outer  orbits  near  the  top,  the  centre  and  outer  edge  of  prono- 
tum.  greater  part  of  tegujge,  a  broad  line  on  apes  of  scutellum,  the  apex  of  the 
first  abdominal  segment  above,  the  second  more  broadly,  the  line  at  the  sides 
above  directed  broadly,  obliquely  backwards  and  below  on  to  the  sides  to  the  red 
central  line,  the  apex  of  the  fourth  segment  broadly  yellow  in  the  middle  above. 
Except  at  the  base,  the  four  front  legs  are  red  ;  the  fore  femora  are  marked  with 
yellow  at  the  apex  ;  the  apical  half  of  hinder  femora  red  ;  the  middle  tibipe  and 
tarsi  are  darker  colored.  Wings  almost  hyaline,  the  radial  cellule  fuscous  viola- 
ceous, the  nervures  and  stigma  black,  f.  Length  to  end  of  second  abdominal 
segment  5  mm. 

Eye  incision,  face  and  clypeus  densely  covered  with  silvery  pubescence.  Head 
strongly,  closely  punctured.  The  front  and  vertex  sparsely  covered  with  short, 
white  pubescence.  Clypeus  broader  than  long,  rounded  above  ;  its  apex  incised, 
the  sides  of  the  incision  forming  sharp,  triangular  teeth  ;  not  much  depressed 
above.  Base  of  thorax  not  quite  transverse,  the  centre  slightly  retreating.  Apex 
of  postscutellum  roundly  dilated.  First  abdominal  segment  large,  cu])-shaped  ; 
a  slight  depression  in  its  middle  at  the  apex  ;  the  second  is  not  so  strongly  i)unc- 
tured  as  it ;  it  is  longer  than  usual  compared  with  the  breadth  ;  the  apices  of  the 
segments  are  not  reflesed.     The  fiagellum  of  antenute  reddish-brown  below. 

Fedor,  Texas. 

This  species  is  probably  variable  as  regards  the  amount  of  led  it 
bears;  the  red  may  be  absent  from  the  clypeus,  on  round  the  edges 
on  the  prothorax,  on  the  sides  only  of  the  median  .segment,  and  the 
red  on  the  first  abdominal  segment  may  be  marked  with  black. 

The  three  little  species  of  this  coloration  should  be  separated  thus  : 

a.  First  and  second  abdominal  segments  reflesed. 

Second  abdominal  segment  immaculate,  no  mark  on  front. 

riifiiiodiis  Cress. 
Second  abdominal  segment  with  a  yellow  mark  on  the  base:  frcmt  maculate. 

fedureiisis. 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (26)  JULY,  1908. 


202  p.    CAMERON. 

b.  First  and  second  ubdominal  segments  not  leflexed  (the  postscutelhini  nifons; 
the  line  on  the  apex  of  second  abdominal  segment  dilated  obliquely 
backwards  in  the  middle,  the  prothorax  marked  with  rufous). 

heterospilus. 

The  group  of  chelonogaster  Cam. 
This  forms  a  well  marked  group  from  the  form  of  the  second 
abdominal  segment,  which  is  longer  than  usual,  and  has  the  sides 
and  apex  margined  by  a  projecting  brim  ;  characteristic,  too,  is  the 
raised  apical  margin  of  the  basal  two  segments,  the  raised  part 
being  narrowed  in  the  centre.  The  apical  segments  are  hid  under 
the  large  second  and  are  minute.  The  median  segment  and  the  legs 
are  bright  red.     ^ 

-^    Odyiierus  cheloiiogasfrus  sp.  nov. 

Black,  densely  pruinose,  the  pile  giving  it  a  whitish  appearance;  the  ajiical 
two-thirds  of  the  clypeus  broadly  in  the  middle,  mandibles,  underside  of  antennal 
scape,  the  greater  part  of  the  metanotum,  the  metapleuise  except  round  the  top 
and  apex  and  almost  the  basal  two-thirds  of  the  first  abdominal  segment  red  ; 
the  upper  half  of  the  sides  of  clypeus  (the  base  above  is  black  in  the  centre),  a 
large  mark  in  the  eye  incision,  a  short  line  on  the  upper  outer  orbits,  the  apex 
of  the  pronotum,  a  triangular  mark  on  the  sides  of  the  apex  of  scutellum. 
the  apical  half  of  postscutellum,  the  base  and  apex  of  tegulse  (their  centre 
red),  a  pyriform  mark  on  the  i)leur8e  below  the  tegulfe,  a  line  on  the  apex 
of  first  abdominal  segment,  its  centre  with  two  rounded  dilatations,  the  part  be- 
tween being  rounded  and  narrowed  on  the  innerside;  laterally  the  line  is  con- 
tinued backwards  to  the  red  base;  there  is  a  broader  line  on  the  apex  of  the  sec- 
ond segment,  with  a  rounded  incision  in  the  middle,  the  line  laterally  continued 
near  to  the  apex  of  the  basal  third,  where  it  is  broadened  and  is  shortly  pro- 
longed towards  the  centre  of  the  segment.  Legs  red,  the  tarsi  black  ;  the  tibiae 
with  a  white  line  on  the  outerside.  Wings  hyaline,  the  nervures  and  stigma 
black.  Flagellum  of  antennse  brownish-red  below.  9  •  Length  to  end  of  sec- 
ond abdominal  segment  8  mm. 

Head  closely  punctured,  covered  with  silvery  pile;  the  clypeus  broader  than 
long,  less  closely  punctured  than  the  front;  its  apex  has  a  rounded  incision. 
Base  of  thorax  transverse,  the  sides  not  projecting.  Postscutellum  large,  its 
apex  broadly  rounded,  as  are  also  the  sides  of  median  segment. 

Oslar :  Jerome,  Arizona. 

This  is  a  peculiar  species  as  regards  the  form  of  the  basal  two 
abdominal  segments  ;  the  white  apex  of  the  first  abdominal  seg- 
ment is  roundly  raised— broadly,  not  curled  up  as  with  many  spe- 
cies— with  a  rounded  depression  between  the  dilated  central  part; 
the  apex  of  the  second  is  ."similarly  but  not  so  distinctly  raised  and 
with  a  transverse  furrow  at  tlie  apex  of  the  incision  ;  beyond  the 
white  border  there  is  a  thin  raised  margin,  which  is  continued  back- 
wards along  the  lower  edge  of  the  segment  to  near  its  l)ase  ;   the 


AMERICAN    HYMKNOPTKRA.  20.') 

second  is  nearly  twice  iongei*  than  wide ;  the  apical  segments  are 
curled  up  under  the  second,  the  wliole  abdomen  reminding  one  of 
the  Braconid  genus  Chelonus. 

The  groiiji  of  Ancistrocerus  nigi'o-hirsutus. 
Large  fulvo-rufous  species,' marked  with  black  and  yellow,  densely 
haired,  the  front  and  vertex  black  in  the  centre,  bordered  by  rufous 
lines;  the  antenuie  black,  broadly  rufous  at  the  base ;  clypeus  end- 
ing in  two  small  teeth  ;  apex  of  second  abdominal  segment  strongly 
curled  up.  Metanotum  angled  laterally  and  margined  round  the 
top  (jiigrohirsntus)  or  broadly  rounded  laterally,  without  keels 
above  (tuberculiceps).     A  distinct  group. 

"     AiiciNtrocerus  ?  nigro-liirsutns  sji.  nov. 

Length  to  eud  of  second  abdominal  segment  13  mm. 

Black,  densely  covered  with  long  black  pubescence;  the  clypeus,  apex  of  first 
abdominal  segment  narrowly,  alujost  the  apical  half  of  the  second  and  the  whole 
of  the  others  pale  lemon-yellow  ;  red  are  a  broad  line  on  the  inner  eye  orbits 
commencing  at  the  clypeus,  extending  above  to  behind  the  ocelli,  where  they 
almost  unite  behind;  the  outer  orbits  broadly,  the  line  gradually  narrowed 
above  and  below,  above  extending  on  to  the  hinder  edge  of  the  vertex,  the  pro- 
thorax  broadly  above,  a  small  mark  on  the  mesonotum  beiiind  the  middle,  the 
greater  part  of  the  scutellums,  a  mark  twice  longer  than  wide  and  of  equal 
width,  a  mark  on  the  outerside  of  the  base  of  the  metanotum,  a  broad  band  on 
the  first  abdominal  segment  between  the  broad  black  base  and  the  narrow  yel- 
low apex,  and  the  centre  of  the  second  segment,  the  liase  having  a  narrow  black 
band.  Basal  two  or  three  joints  of  the  antennse  red.  Legs  rufous;  the  coxa>, 
trochanters  and  base  of  femora  before  and  behind  black.  Wings  fuscous-viola- 
ceous, the  l)ase  broadly  fulvous;  the  costa  and  stigma  dark  testaceous.      9  • 

Clypeus,  if  anything,  broader  than  long,  gradually,  obliquely  narrowed  from 
the  eyes  to  the  apex,  which  ends  in  two  shining  blunt  teeth  ;  strongly  jiuncturtd 
and  covered  with  black  hairs.  Front  and  vertex  strongly,  closely  punctured  ; 
there  is  a  fiat  depression  behind  the  hinder  ocelli;  behind  them  are  two  small 
shining  tubercles.  The  bead  is  more  densely  covered  with  black  hair  than  the 
thorax.  Thorax  strongly  punctured  ;  its  base  transverse,  the  lateral  angles 
slightly  projecting.  There  is  a  narrow  furrow  or  impressed  line  down  the  mid- 
dle of  the  scutellum.  Postscutellum  broadly  roundly  narrowed  behinii  :  the 
apical  slope  smooth.  Base  of  metanotum  behind  the  keel  closely  punctured,  the 
rest  weakly  punctured,  striated  towards  the  apex  ;  there  aie  two  rounded  keels 
on  the  top  of  metanotum  ;  there  is  a  smooth  shining  line  down  the  centre.  First 
abdominal  segment  cup-shaped;  the  apex  more  strongly  punctured  than  the 
rest,  with  the  apical  margin  curled  up  slightly  ;  the  apex  of  the  .second  is  strongly 
reflexed  ;  the  part  behind  the  margin  is  broadly  depressed,  the  part  behind  the 
depression  being  more  distinctly  and  broadly  raised  on  either  side  of  the  middle 
than  elsewhere.  The  second  segment  is  distinctly  longer  than  wide;  below,  at 
the  base,  it  projects  distinctly  below  the  first;  the  punctuation  on  the  third  and 
following  segments  is  close  and  strong,  but  becomes  weaker  towards  the  apex. 

TBANB.  AM.   ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  JULY,  1908. 


204  p.    CAMERON. 

This  species  has  the  general  coloration  of  A.  tuberculiceps,  the 
chief  difference  being  that  there  is  a  spot,  not  two  lines,  on  the  meso- 
uotum,  only  one  mark  on  the  niesopleurie,  and  that  the  frontal  lines 
unite  behind  the  ocelli  ;  the  body  is  densely  haired,  the  hair  being 
black,  not  gray  ;  structurally  it  differs  in  having  the  top  of  the 
metanotuni  margined  by  rounded  keels,  the  sides  being  bordered  by 
weaker  keels;  it  is  a  larger  species  and  the  centre  of  the  second 
abdominal  segment  is  roundly,  broadly  tuberculate ;  the  suture  on 
the  base  of  the  abdomen  is  weak.      9  • 

Boulder,  Colorado. 

Belongs  to  Saussure's  Section  1,  Syn.  of  Am.  AVasps,  p.  159. 

0«lyiieriis  tuberculiceps  Sauss. 
What  agrees  fairly  well  with  the  above  Mexican  species  has  been 
taken  at  Oslar,  Las  Vegas,  New  Mexico.  The  only  difference 
which  I  can  make  out,  without  a  type,  is  that  the  red  line  round 
the  inner  orbits  is  interrupted  by  a  black  oblique  one  which  runs 
from  the  black  on  the  vertex  to  the  inner  top  of  the  eyes  (judging 
by  Saussure's  figure  on  PI.  XVI,  f.  9,  10a),  but  according  to  the 
description  in  Syn.  of  Am.  Wasps,  185,  the  line  is  interrupted  "at 
the  summit."  The  frontal  red  line  on  the  Las  Vegas  specimen 
commences  at  the  top  of  the  eye  incision,  is  broad,  has  two  incisions 
on  the  inuerside,  is  narrowed  and  roundly  curved  at  the  top  towards 
the  tubercle.  There  are  three  red  spots  on  the  mesopleurse,  a  large 
wide  irregularly  oval  basal  one,  followed  by  a  much  narrower,  more 
oblique  one,  sharply  pointed  above,  broader  and  more  rounded 
below,  these  two  running  from  above  downwards ;  below  them  is  a 
line  of  about  the  same  size  as  the  apical  one,  but  running  from  the 
base  to  the  apex  of  the  pleurae.  In  having  the  body  densely  covered 
with  gray  pubescence,  in  having  a  shining  tubercle  above  the  ocelli, 
in  the  front  ocelli  being  the  larger,  in  the  apex  of  the  clypeus  being 
shortly  bluntly  bidentate,  and  in  the  general  coloration  it  agrees 
with  the  figure  and  descriptions  of  tuberculiceps. 

The  group  of  Ancistrocerus  lineativentris  Cam. 

Black,  the  lighter  markings  bright  sulphur-yellow  ;  the  basal  two 
abdominal  segments  with  large  black  marks  at  the  base,  the  marks 
roundly  broadly,  or  narrowly  and  deeply  incised  laterally.  The 
body  densely  haired  ;  the  sides  of  pronotum  projecting  or  not. 

To  this  group  might  be  referred  auranus  Cam.  if  it  were  not  that 


AMEPaCAN    HYMENOPTERA.  205 

tliere  is  no  trace  of  a  suture  on  the  first  abdominal  segment.  Also 
ei/tamus  Cam.  It  appears  to  be  a  group  characteristic  of  California 
and  the  soutlnvest ;    0.  siclp/mreus  Sauss.  may  bo  taken  as  the  type. 

a. — Lateral  angles  of  pronotnm  disihictly  projecting. 

To  this  section  belong  lineativeniris  Cam.  and  sutieranus  Sauss. 
h. — Lateral  angles  of  pronotnm  not  projecting,  rounded. 

To  this  section  belong  0.  cytainus  Cam.,  0.  viselbis  Cam.  and  0. 
auranus  Cam.,  having  the  same  coloration  and  arrangement  of 
abdominal  black  markings,  but  they  appear  to  belong  to  Odynerus 
s.  str.  As  a  matter  of  fact,  it  is  difficult,  with  these  insects,  to  find 
a  hard  and  fast  line  between  Odynerus  and  Ancidrocerus. 

A.  spilogaster  Cam.  merely  (lifters  in  the  yellow  spot  on  the  second 
abdominal  segment  being  enclosed  all  round.  It  has  the  projecting 
pronotal  angles  of  sutteranus.  A.  claremontensis  Cam.  has  also  the 
spot  enclosed.  Pachyoder)ius  cosmiogaster  Cam.  has,  except  as  regards 
the  absence  of  the  abdominal  suture,  the  characteristic  of  the  group. 

— ^^    Aiicistroceriis  fiilvitarsitis  sp.  nov. 

Black  ;  the  sides  of  clypeus  broadly  on  the  upper  half,  a  small  roundish  mark 
over  the  antennae,  a  short,  sharply-pointed  line  on  the  base  of  mandibles,  a  short 
line  on  the  upper  outer  orbits  above,  a  line  on  the  base  of  prouotum,  not  extend- 
in<;f  laterally  beyond  the  basal  third,  base  and  apex  of  tegulse,  two  large  marks 
on  the  scutellums,  an  oval  mark  on  the  pleurte  below  the  tegulte,  the  apex  of  the 
first  abdominal  segment  broadly,  the  line  dilated  broadly  backwards  on  tlie  sides 
to  the  top  of  the  apical  slope,  the  apex  of  the  second  broadly,  this  line  dilated 
behind  into  an  irregular  triangular  incision,  its  outer  basal  half  being  irregularly 
bordered  with  black ;  the  apices  of  the  third,  fourth  and  fifth  broadly,  two  small 
marks  in  the  middle  of  the  sixth,  the  second  ventral  segment  except  for  a  broad 
curved  irregular  mark  on  the  sides,  united  to  a  broad  transverse  one  at  tlie  base, 
the  apex  of  this  being  broadly  rounded  and  ending  in  a  short  reversed  T-shaped 
mark  and  a  broad  curved  line  on  the  apices  of  the  others,  bright  sulphur-yellow, 
except  the  last  which  is  entirely  black.  The  apices  of  tlie  femora  narrowly  and 
the  tibite  sulphur-yellow;  the  tarsi  rufous-fulvous.  Wings  hyaline,  tinged  with 
fulvous  at  the  base,  the  apex  with  fuscous;  the  stigma  dark  testaceous.  9- 
Total  length  11  mm. 

Head,  thorax  and  base  of  abdomen  thickly  covered  with  fuscous  pubescence. 
Head,  prothorax  and  mesothorax  closely,  strongly  punctured  ;  the  metauotum 
and  lower  part  of  metapleurje  aciculated.  Clypeus  as  wide  as  long,  rounded 
above,  the  narrowed  apex  depressed,  smooth  ;  it  is  not  quite  transverse,  having 
a  slight  curve;  the  clypeus  is  somewhat  strongly  punctured,  more  or  less 
strigose  towards  the  apex.  The  centre  of  the  mesouotum  is  depressed  in  the 
middle  at  the  apex,  the  depression  bordered  by  two  longitudinal  furrows.  Meta- 
notum  finely  obliquely  striated;  the  ui)per,  outer  part  bordered  by  a  curved 
keel,  the  keel  continued,  but  not  distinctly  down  the  sides.     Base  of  postscu- 

TKANS.  AM.  ENT.  80C.  XXXIV.  JULY,  1908. 


206  p.    CAMKRON. 

tellum  raised,  strongly  rugosely  punctured  ;  the  apex  aciculated,  transverse. 
The  first  abdominal  segment  cup-shaped;  the  basal  slope  smooth;  the  rest 
punctured,  stiongly  towards  the  apex  which  has  a  smooth  border,  behind 
which  is  a  row  of  strong  punctures.  The  second  segment  is  as  wide  as  long, 
strongly,  closely  punctured  ;  its  apex  is  not  reflexed  ;  the  other  segments  are 
closely  punctured.     Base  of  thorax  transverse,  the  sides  rounded. 

Santa  Clara  Co.,  California  (Baker). 

A  broad,  stout  species,  with  the  head,  thorax  and  base  of  abdo- 
men thickly  covered  with  long  pale  fuscous  hair. 

This  species  looks  like  A.  lineativentris  Cam.,  which  may  be  known 
from  it  by  the  lateral  angles  of  the  pronotuni  strongly  projecting, 
by  the  femora  not  being  broadly  black,  by  the  black  mark  on  the 
base  of  the  abdomen  having  its  apical  part  narrowed  at  the  base, 
then  broadly  dilated  laterally,  and  the  second  abdominal  segment  is 
not  strongly  reflexed. 

The  male  of  fulvitarsis  is  similarly  colored  to  the  female,  except 
that  the  coxse,  trochanters  and  four  anterior  femora  are  yellow  be- 
low ;  the  clypeus  wants  the  black,  is  longer  compared  with  the 
width  and  has  the  apex  roundly  incised  ;  the  apical  joint  of  the 
antennae,  its  hook  and  the  underside  of  the  penultimate  joint  below 
are  rufous;  the  hook  is  slender  and  reaches  only  to  the  apex  of  the 
last  joint;  the  outer  edge  of  the  pronotuni  projects  a  little — in  the 
female  not  at  all — but  not  so  conspicuously  as  in  lineativentris ;  nor 
is  the  apex  of  the  second  abdominal  segment  strongly  reflexed  as  it 
is  in  that  species.  The  size  and  form  of  the  black  mark  on  the 
clypeus  in  the^female  varies. 

Odyiieriis  (Ancistrocerus)  colon  C'resson. 
Fedor,  May.  In  what  I  make  out  to  be  this  species  (described  in 
Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  IV,  241),  the  lower  half  of  the  sides  of  the 
metanotum  are  broadly  yellow  and  covered  densely  witli  woolly 
white  pubescence;  there  is  an  irregular  small  spot  near  the  apex  of 
the  rnesonotum  ;  the  apex  of  the  first  abdominal  segment  is  slightly, 
of  the  second  more  distinctly  turned  up  ;  the  basal  slope  of  the  first 
segment  is  triangular,  with  an  irregular,  not  very  distinct  crest; 
there  is  no  spot  on  the  second  segment,  which  is  distinctly  longer 
than  wide  and  is  not  perceptibly  narrowed  at  the  base.  The  cly- 
peus is  strongly  but  not  closely  punctured  and  with  some  longitudi- 
nal striae  on  the  apical  half  in  the  middle;  its  apex  is  distinctly 
depressed,  clearly  separated  and  transverse  at  the  apex  ;  in  length 
it  is  slightly  but  distinctly  greater  than  its  greatest  width.     On  the 


AMERICAN  hymknoptp:ra.  207 

upper,  outer  face  of  the  nietanotum  is  an  oblique  keel.  The  fuscous 
pubescence  on  the  head  is  denser  and  longer  than  it  is  on  the  thorax. 
Apical  slope  of  inetanotuni  ratlier  strongly  punctured. 

'^-'^Odynerus  «Mlwai'<l«>»ii  sp.  nov. 

Black;  the  clypeiis,  except  for  a  small  conical  mark  (the  narrowed  end  above), 
shortly  over  the  middle,  a  small  triangular  mark  near  the  base  of  tlie  mandibles, 
a  small  irregular  mark,  wider  than  long,  over  the  antennie,  au  irregular  spot  at 
the  outer  side  of  the  antenuse,  a  short  line  near  the  top  of  the  outer  orbits,  a  line 
on  the  basal  third  of  the  pronotnm.  narrowed  in  the  middle,  two  broad  marks, 
narrowed  on  the  innerside  and  divided  by  a  furrow  on  the  scutellum.  a  broad 
curved  mark  on  the  sides  of  the  metanotum.  postscutellum,  a  large  conical  niaik 
on  the  mesopleurse  below  the  tegulae,  a  minute  one  below  it,  the  sides  of  the  first 
abdominal  segment,  its  apex  more  narrowly,  the  black  central  mark  at  the  apex 
])rojecting  laterally,  the  lateral  projections  shorter  than  the  central  part  and 
slightly  narrowed  outwardly,  the  basal  fourth  of  the  second  segment,  its  apex  in 
the  centre  projecting,  uniting  it  with  a  broader,  more  irregular  transverse  band 
which  does  not  extend  to  the  sides,  narrower  bands  on  the  base  of  the  third  and 
fourth,  narrowed  slightly  at  the  sides,  a  band  on  the  fifth  broadly  dilated  on  the 
outer  third  ;  the  sixth,  except  for  a  broad,  oval  spot  on  the  apical  third,  the  sec- 
ond ventral,  except  nal-rowly  at  the  base,  and  for  an  oblique  line  projecting  from 
its  sides,  straight  on  the  inner,  rounded  on  the  outer  in  the  centre,  the  sides 
broadly  roundly  dilated,  the  apices  of  the  fourth  and  fifth  broadly,  deeply  in  the 
centre,  narrowly  laterally,  lemon-yellow.  Legs  yellow,  the  base  and  upper  sides 
of  the  fourth  anterior  coxse,  their  trochanters,  the  fore  femora  broadly,  the  mid- 
dle more  narrowly  at  the  base,  both  more  broadly  above  than  below,  the  hind 
coxaj,  trochanters,  basal  three-fourths  of  their  femora  black;  the  tarsi  tinged 
with  fulvous;  the  hind  coxse  with  a  short  thick  tooth  in  the  middle  behind  ;  the 
four  hinder  tibise  marked  with  black  on  the  innerside  behind.  Underside  of 
antennal  scape  yellow.  Wings  hyaline,  tinged  with  fulvous,  the  stigma  testa- 
ceous.     9-     Total  length  8  mm. 

Head  and  thorax  densely  covered  with  long  fuscous  hair.  Clypeus  as  wide  as 
long,  the  sides  and  apex  narrowly  black,  the  latter  narrowly  depressed,  transverse. 
Base  of  thorax  transverse,  the  sides  not  projecting.  Head  not  much  wider  than 
thorax.  Apex  of  postscutellum  transverse.  Base  of  first  abdominal  segment  with- 
out a  distinct  keel,  but  still  margined  ;  the  second  shorter  than  it  is  wide  at  the 
apex,  which  is  flat.     The  sides  of  the  metanotum  are  indistinctly  keeled  above. 

Mountains  near  Clareinont,  California  (Baker). 

Is  not  unlike  A.  rivularis  Cam.  and  fulvitarsL<i  Cam.  in  coloration, 
but  is  smaller  than  the  latter,  which  has  not  tlie  apex  of  the  black 
l)and  on  first  abdominal  segment  dilated  laterally,  and  the  clypeus 
has  broad  lateral  marks;  rivnlans  has  only  a  small  square  mark  at 
the  end  of  the  black  on  the  first  abdominal  segment;  this  is  also 
the  case  with  fulvitarsis,  which  has  also  broad  side-marks  on  the 
clypeus,  and  the  base  and  apex  of  the  mark  on  the  second  are  not 
united  by  a  pedicle. 

TRANS.   AM.  ENT.  SOC   XXXIV.  JULY,  1908. 


208  p.    CAMERON. 

-^Odynerus  ( Ancistrocerns)  arizoiiaeiisis  sp.  nov. 

Black,  densely  covered  with  white  pubescence,  which  gives  it  a  grayish  appear- 
ance; the  underside  of  the  antennal  scape,  two  large  oblique  marks,  twice  longer 
than  wide,  on  the  top  of  the  clypeus,  a  small  mark  twice  longer  than  wide  over 
the  antennte,  a  longish  triangular  mark  on  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  a  small 
mark  behind  the  top  of  the  eyes,  two  irregular  marks  on  the  apex  of  the  prono- 
tum,  a  round  mark  on  the  apex  of  the  mesonotum  in  the  centre,  a  smaller  one 
on  the  sides,  postscutellum,  a  large  broad  line  on  the  sides  of  the  metanotum.  a 
largish  mark  on  the  pleurae  below  the  tegulse:  a  large,  oblique  mark  on  the  sides 
of  the  first  abdominal  segment,  a  large,  irregular,  longer  than  broad,  counting 
transversely,  mark  on  the  sides  of  the  second  segment,  broad  lines,  that  on  the 
first  narrowed  on  the  sides,  on  the  first  and  second  and  narrow  ones  on  the  other 
segments,  yellow.  The  apices  of  the  four  anterior  femora  narrowly,  the  base  of 
the  anterior  tibiae  narrowly,  its  apex  still  more  narrowly,  and  the  four  posterior 
tibife  behind  to  near  the  apex,  pale  yellow.  Wings  hyaline,  the  apex  of  the  cos- 
tal and  the  greater  part  of  the  radial  cellules  smoky.  9  •  Length  to  end  of 
second  segment  8  mm. 

The  punctuation  is  strong  and  close;  on  the  clypeus  the  punctures  are  sparser, 
and  especially  above  weaker.  Clypeus  as  wide  as  long;  its  apex  depressed, 
slightly  roundly  incised,  the  thickened  sides  forming  almost  teeth.  Thorax 
longish,  narrowed  towards  the  apex.  The  postscutellum  forms  a  raised  trans- 
verse ridge  at  the  base;  its  apex  is  broadly  rounded.  Sides  of  metanotum 
broadly  rounded.  First  abdominal  segment  longish  cup-shaped  ;  its  apex  is  only 
very  slightly  raised  ;  the  second  is  not  much  longer  than  wide,  hardly  narrowed 
at  the  base;  its  apex  depressed,  strongly  reflexed  ;  the  basal  crest  is  not  promi- 
nent.    Tegulse  yellow,  black  in  the  middle. 

Oslar  :  Congress,  Arizona. 

Has  the  coloration  of  colon,  but  with  the  yellow  paler ;  it  is 
smaller,  has  the  postscutellum  more  distinctly  raised  at  the  base  and 
narrower,  has  the  pubescence  denser  and  paler ;  the  apex  of  the 
clypeus  is  not  transverse,  and  the  second  abdominal  segment  is 
strongly  reflexed^ 

^  Ancistroceriis  pelia*^  sp.  nov. 
Black;  the  base  and  underside  of  anteunal  scape,  the  clypeus.  mandibles,  a 
line,  not  much  narrowed  below,  three  times  longer  than  wide,  above  the  antennae 
on  the  front,  the  eye  incision,  the  upper  part  shorter  and  wider  than  the  lower, 
a  broad  line,  narrowed  below,  on  the  upper  half  of  the  outer  orbits,  the  prono- 
tum  to  beyond  the  middle,  tegulae,  a  spot  behind,  a  mark,  somewhat  oval  in 
shape,  on  the  apex  of  the  mesonotum,  a  small  spot  on  the  sides  of  the  scutellum 
in  the  middle,  postscutellum,  the  sides  of  the  metanotum  broadly,  the  mark  ex- 
tending on  to  the  pleurae,  a  large  squarish  mark  on  the  mesopleurae  above,  a 
longer,  narrower,  more  oblique  one  immediately  below  it,  a  line  on  the  apex  of 
the  first  abdominal  segment,  narrowed  laterally  and  having  attached  to  its  sides 
a  large  oblique  mark,  somewhat  more  than  one-third  of  the  width  of  the  seg- 
ment, and  extending  along  the  edge  of  the  top  of  the  apical  slope,  a  broad  trans- 
verse line  across  the  middle,  reaching  close  to  the  middle  and  becoming  narrowed 
on  the  innerside  and  united  to  a  broad  apical  border  laterally;  the  apices  of  the 


AMKPvICAX    HYMENOPTKPv.A.  20!) 

following  three  segments  bro:ullr,  the  second  ventral  sefrnient,  except  for  a  large 
black  mark  in  the  centi'e,  this  mark  being  broad  at  the  base  and  apex,  obliquely 
narrowed  from  both  ends  towards  the  middle  and  tlie  other  segments,  bright  sul- 
phur-yellow. Legs  sulphur-yellow,  the  coxse  behind,  trochanters  and  basal  two- 
thirds  of  the  hind  coxa'  black.      9-     Leugth  (total)  7  mm. 

Ciypeus  pyriform,  broadly  rounded  above,  the  apex  with  a  distinct  semi-circu- 
lar incision;  it  is  strongly,  moderately  closely  punctured.  Front  and  vertex 
closely,  rugosely  punctured,  the  pro-  and  mesothorax  being  more  strongly  punc- 
tured. Base  of  thorax  transverse,  the  sides  not  projecting.  Base  of  postscutellum 
rounded,  its  apex  transverse.  Median  segment  strongly  aciculated  ;  the  sides 
rounded,  coarsely  punctured  ;  the  large,  black  cential  mark  is  roundly  dilated 
on  the  sides,  the  top  narrowed,  with  straight  sides.  First  abdominal  segment 
cup-shaped,  with  a  short,  but  distinct  pedicle  at  the  base,  strongly  punctured, 
especially  towards  the  apex;  the  second  is  as  wide  as  long,  weakly  punctured, 
except  at  the  apex,  where  the  punctuation  is  much  stronger;  the  other  segments 
are  aciculated.  punctured  distinctly  at  the  apex.  Antennae  stout,  the  apical 
joints  brownish. 

Orrasby  Co.,  Nevada. 

What  is  perhaps  the  male  of  this  species  has  tlie  .second  ventral 
segment  black,  except  at  the  apex  ;  the  yellow  mark  on  front  is 
much  wider  above,  it  becoming  gradually  wider  from  the  bottom  to 
the  top,  forming  a  triangle ;  the  clypeus  is  broader  compared  with 
tlie  length  and  has  an  apical  incision  as  long  as  it  is  wide  at  the 
apex.  A.  pelias  comes  close  to  A.  spilogaster,  which  may  be  known 
from  it  by  the  projecting  sides  of  the  pronotum,  by  the  absence  of 
the  broad  yellow  marks  on  the  metanotum,  by  the  two  spots  on  the 
second  abdominal  segment  being  enclosed  in  the  black,  and  by  the 
densely  haired  body.  A.  lineativentris  has  also  the  body  densely 
haired,  the  clyi)eus  broadly  black  in  the  middle,  and  the  metanotum 
not  yellow  laterally. 

The  group  of  fundatus  Cress 
The  line  on  first  abdominal  segment  dilated  laterally,  the  second 
with  an  enclosed   yellow   spot,  the  legs   for   the  greater   part   red, 
mixed  with  yellow. 

An<'istrocerns  fundatus  Cress. 
This  species  has  been  taken  at  Fedor  and  Lee  Co  ,  Texas. 

4nci*<tr<»oerus  ventonesii  sp.  nov. 
Black  ;  a  longish   mark,  dilated  above,  narrowed  on  the  lower  half,  touching 
the  yellow  on  the  clypeus.  a  mark  on  the  inner  eye  oibit.  basal  half  of  mandi- 
bles, a  short  line  on  the  outer  orbits,  two  large  marks,  widest  on  the  innerside 
and  not  reaching  to  the  middle,  a  small  mark  in  the  centre  of  the  mesouotum, 

TKANS.  AM.  ENT.  .SOC.  XXXIV.  {21)  .JULY.  190b. 


210  p.    CAMERON. 

postscutelliim,  an  oval  mark  ou  the  sides  of  the  metanotuni  at  the  base,  a  mark, 
longer  than  it  is  wide,  at  the  top,  transverse  above,  rounded  below,  on  the  base  of 
the  mesopleur*  above,  a  broad  line  on  the  apex  of  the  first  abdominal  segment, 
with  a  large  mark,  oblique  and  narrowed  towards  its  base,  issuing  from  its  sides, 
an  irregular  oval  mark  near  the  middle  of  the  second  segment,  its  apex  more 
broadly  and  regularly  than  the  first,  the  line  extending  below ;  two  large  oval 
marks  on  the  second  ventral,  and  a  line  on  the  middle  of  the  fourth  and  fifth 
dorsal,  yellow.  Legs  rufo-fulvous,  the  eoxje  and  trochanters  black  ;  the  apex  of 
four  anterior  femora  and  the  tibife  in  front  yellow.  Wings  hyaline,  tinged  with 
fuscous,  highly  iridescent,  the  stigma  and  nervures  black.  %.  Length  (total) 
6  mm. 

Head  strongly,  deeply,  but  not  closely  punctured;  the  clypeus  strongly  but 
more  sparsely  punctured  ;  it  is  not  much  longer  than  its  greatest  width  ;  its  apex 
depressed,  ending  in  two  stout  teeth.  Thorax  strongly,  closely  punctured,  ex- 
cept at  the  base  of  the  raetapleurse,  where  it  is  aciculated  ;  its  base  transverse, 
with  the  sides  angled.  Apex  of  postscutellum  broadly  rounded;  the  sides  of 
nietanotum  somewhat  narrow,  almost  margined  above,  below  armed  with  a  long- 
isb,  narrow,  oblique  spine.  Apex  of  first  abdominal  segment  slightly,  the  apex 
of  second  distinctly  reflexed  ;  the  second  is  clearly  longer  than  it  is  wide  at  the 
apex;  it  has  there  a  row  of  longish  fovese.  Flagellum  of  antennae  brownish 
below;  the  hook  does  not  extend  much  beyond  the  ba.se  of  the  last  joint. 

Fedor,  Texas ;  February. 

Characteristic  of  tliis  little  species  are  the  two  large  ovalish  marks 
on  the  second  ventral  abdominal  segment.  Otherwise  it  looks  like 
a  small  example  of  0.  vegasensis  Cam.  ;  that  species  has  the  body 
more  densely  and  distinct  pruinose,  the  apex  of  postscutellum  is 
dilated  in  the  middle,  and  the  sides  of  the  metanotum  are  broadly 
yellow.      0.  toas  Cress,  agrees  closely  in  coloration. 


Ancislrocerus  antlieus  sp.  nov. 

Black  ;  the  clypeus,  mandibles,  except  the  teeth,  a  line  on  the  lower  part  of  the 
eye  incision,  dilated  above,  a  mark,  gradually  narrowed  below,  above  the  an- 
tennae, a  short  line  on  the  outer  orbits,  two  large  marks,  roundly  narrowed  be- 
hind; on  the  pronotum,  postscutellum,  broad  lines,  the  first  slightly  dilated  be- 
fore the  end,  which  is  narrowed,  on  all  the  abdominal  segments,  the  lines  on  the 
second  and  third  all  round,  an  irregular  mark  near  base  of  second,  almost  the 
apical  half  of  the  fore  femora,  the  apical  third  of  the  middle,  the  apex  of  poste- 
rior narrowly  and  the  tibise  and  tarsi,  bright  sulphur-yellow.  Tegulse  large,  yel- 
low, with  a  fuscous  spot;  there  is  an  irregular  yellow  mark  on  the  pleurse  below 
them.  Wings  hyaline,  highly  iridescent,  the  stigma  dark  fuscous,  the  nervures 
black.      %  .     Total  length  5  mm. 

Clypeus  slightly  longer  than  wide,  broadly  rounded  above;  the  apical  teeth 
triangular,  the  incision  becomes  gradually  widened  from  the  top  to  the  bottom, 
forming  a  triangle;  the  punctuation  is  strong,  but  not  close.  Front  and  vertex 
strongly,  closely  punctured,  as  is  also  the  thorax,  but  more  strongly.  Base  of 
thorax  transverse,  the  sides  not  projecting.  Tiiere  are  two  short  wido  depres- 
sions on  the  apex  of  mesonotum,  a  narrow  but  distinct  furrow  ddwn  (he  apical 


AMERICAN    HYMENOPTKRA.  211 

two-thirds  of  the  iiiesonotum,  and  there  is  an  irregular  one  heh)vv  the  middle  of 
mesopleurse.  The  yellow  on  the  postscutellum  is  obliquely  narrowed  at  the  base, 
the  middle  there  is  slightly  incised.  Metanotum  above  strongly  punctured  ;  the 
lower  part  and  the  pleurae  strongly  aciculated  ;  the  sides  are  rounded.  Abdomen, 
except  the  basal  slope,  closely,  strongly  punctured;  the  apices  of  the  first  and 
second  more  strongly  punctured,  but  not  reflexed.  The  antennae  are  stout,  be- 
come thicker  towards  the  apex,  have  the  scape  yellow  below,  the  apical  two 
joints  below  and  the  hook  brownish;  the  hook  reaches  clo.se  to  the  base  of  the 
penultimate  joint.  The  second  abdominal  segment  is  slightly,  but  distinctly 
longer  than  it  is  wide  at  the  apex. 

Ormsby  Co.,  Nevada. 

Comes  near  to  A.  ormsbye)i.sis  Cam.  and  A.  cjunnisonensis  Cam., 
both  of  which  may  be  separated  from  it  by  the  head  and  thorax 
being  densely  covered  with  fuscous  hair  and  by  the  second  segment 
not  having  two  yellow  spots. 


Ancistrocerus  satyrns  sp.  nov. 
The  punctuation  \& -as,  \n  anthens ;  the  incision  on  the  clypeus  is  rounded,  not 
gradually  narrowed;  the  striation  on  the  metanotum  is  stronger,  more  regular 
and  oblique;  the  marks  on  the  second  abdominal  segment  are  broader  and  dis- 
tinctly narrowed  at  the  base,  the  segment  itself  being  shorter  compared  with  the 
width.  All  the  coxse  are  yellow  below  ;  the  mark  below  the  tegulse  is  longer 
than  wide,  rounded  and  narrowed  at  the  top  and  bottom  ;  the  frontal  mark  is 
large,  the  narrowed  lower  part  is  clearly  separated  ^id  is  shorter  than  the  dila- 
ted upper;  there  is  a  furrow  down  the  middle  of  the  scutellum  and  a  wide, 
irregular  oblique  one  on  the  base  of  mesopleurse  below  the  middle.  Total  length 
6  mm. 

Ormsby  Co.,  Nevada. 

This  species  is  very  like  A.  antheus,  having  the  same  brigiit  sul- 
phur-yellow marks;  the  two  may  be  separated  as  follows: 

The  four  anterior  femora  broadly  black  at  the  base,  the  yellow  on  postscutel- 
lum obliquely  narrowed  laterally  at  the  base,  the  middle  not  trans- 
verse, slightly  incised ;  the  line  on  basal  aljdominal  segment  not  dis- 
tinctly dilated  laterally antlieii»i. 

The  anterior  femora  narrowly  black  at  the  base,  the  middle  without  black  ; 
the  yellow  on  postscutellum  broadly  rounded  at  the  base  :  the  line  on 
second  segment  broadly  dilated  laterally saty riiM. 

^^iicistrocerus  lit.yriis  sp.  nov. 
Black  ;  a  line  or  three  spots  on  the  to[)  of  the  clypeus,  a  small  spot  over  the 
antenna',  an  obscure  one  in  the  eye  orbits,  the  underside  of  the  antenna!  ccape, 
a  short  line  near  the  top  of  the  outer  orbits,  two  broad  marks  on  the  pronotum, 
postscutellum,  a  large  mark  on  the  sides  of  the  base  of  metanotum,  a  broad  coni- 
cal mark  on  the  pleurte  below  the  tegulse,  a  line,  dilated  laterally  on  the  apex  of 
the  first  abdominal  segment,  a  similar  line,  extending  on  to  the  ventral  surface, 
on  the  second,  a  broad,  conical  mark — the  transverse  end  at  the  base — near  the 
base  of  the  second  and   narrower  lines  on   the  third  to  fifth  segments,  yellow. 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  .JUIA',   190b. 


212  p.    CAMKRON. 

Legs  black,  the  apex  of  the  four  anterior  femora,  all  the  tibiae  except  at  the  apex 
yellow,  the  anterior  tarsi  rufous,  or  tinged  with  rufous.  Wings  hyaline,  the 
radial  cellule  fuscons-violaceous,  the  stigma  and  nervures  black.  ?.  Total 
length  7  mm. 

Clypeus  as  long  as  wide,  aciculated,  with  clearly  separated,  longish  punctures; 
•the  apex  projecting,  smooth,  shining,  depressed,  not  quite  transverse.  Front  and 
vertex  closely,  rugosely  punctured.  Base  of  thorax  transverse,  the  angles  not 
projecting.  Apex  of  postscutellum  broadly,  roundly  narrowed,  the  yellow  part 
almost  transverse.  Metanotum  irregularly  reticulated  above;  the  centre  acicu- 
lated-striated,  the  sides  narrowly  rounded.  Metapleurse  strongly  aciculated- 
striated,  the  rest  strongly  punctured.  Basal  slope  of  first  abdominal  segment 
aciculated,  weakly,  sparsely  punctured,  the  rest  strongly  punctured;  the  apex 
not  reflexed.  The  second  segment  is  closely,  finely  punctured,  more  strongly 
towards  the  apex,  which  is  not  reflexed.  Tegulse  yellow,  a  fuscous  spot  at  the 
base. 

Ormsby  Co.,  Nevada,  July  6th. 

Allied  to  pedestris  Sau.ss.  It  is  smaller,  has  the  yellow  much 
brighter,  more  lemon  in  tint,  the  thorax  shorter  compared  with  the 
width,  as  is  also  the  second  abdominal  segment;  the  yellow  marks 
on  the  metanotum  are  much  larger  and  the  apex  of  tibiae  and  tarsi 
are  black,  not  yellow. 

Aiicistrocerus  pedeslris  Sauss. 
A  male  from  Fedor,  Texas.  It  is  nearly  related  to  ventones  Cam., 
described  in  this  paper ;  it  may  be  known  by  the  apex  of  femora, 
tibiae  and  tarsi  being  yellow,  by  the  clypeus  being  much  more 
strongly  punctured,  by  the  line  on  the  first  abdominal  segment  not 
being  so  strongly  dilated  laterally,  by  the  mark  on  the  second  seg- 
ment being  nearer  the  base,  and  by  the  second  segment  being  longer 
compared  with  the  width — in  ventones  it  is  not  much  longer  than 
wide,  in  pedestris  very  clearly  longer  than  it  is  wide  at  the  apex — and 
the  sides  of  the  pronotum  are  not  spinose  as  in  ventones.  In  the  I 
of  what  I  regard  as  pedestris,  there  is  a  small  yellow  mark  on  the 
sides  of  the  metanotum  at  the  base,  and  the  yellow  on  the  lower 
edges  of  the  latter  is  obscure.  In  a  specimen  (%)  from  Lee  Co., 
Texas,  the  lateral  metanotal  spots  are  absent;  on  the  other  hand, 
there  are  two  small  yellow  spots  on  the  lower  surface  of  the  second 
abdominal  segment.     In   both  the  apex  of  the  second  segment  is 

strongly  reflexed. 

The  group  of  anormis  Sauss. 

Small  species,  the  yellow  pale,  the  yellow  line  on  the  first  abdomi- 
nal segment  usually  dilated  laterally,  the  second  .segment  with  an 
enclosed  yellow  spot. 


AMERICAN    HYMENOPTERA.  213 

A.  ormsbyensis  Cam.,  A.  gwinistonejisis  and  ^1.  trichionotus  Cam. 
agree  with  this  group,  except  that  the  second  abdominal  segment 
has  no  yellow  spot,  and  that  the  body  is  more  densely  haired. 

Odynern.s  aiiorinis  Say  sec.  Sauss. 
What  may  be  this  species  is  represented  by  two  males.  They  agree 
fairly  well  with  the  descriptions,  but  differ  or  show  variation  in  the 
coloration,  e.  g.  one  has  the  two  yellow  spots  on  the  second  ventral 
segment,  shown  in  Saussure's  figure  (PI.  XIV,  f.  1).  They  are 
only  7  mm.,  while  Saussure  gives  11  mm.  as  the  length  of  anormis ; 
that  length,  however,  probably  refers  to  the  9  •  In  'i  specimen  from 
Colorado  the  yellow  lateral  line  on  the  metanotum  is  much  broader, 
longer  and  more  distinct  than  it  is  on  one  from  Texas  (Fedor).  The 
top  of  the  first  abdominal  segment  is  rougher  than  it  is  in  Odynerus 
proper. 

The  group  of  fulvipes  Cress. 

The  first  abdominal  segment  with  a  free  oblique  lateral  spot;  the 
second  with  a  free  spot  ;  the  legs  for  the  greater  part  fulvous. 

Differs  from  the  fundatu.s  section  in  the  spot  on  the  basal  abdomi- 
nal segment  being  elongated  and  not  joined  to  the  apical  line. 

0<lyuei'us  auisttriiiiis  Cress. 
Taken  in  Lee  Co.,  Texas,  in  June. 
To  this  group  may  be  referred  arizonensis  Cam. 

t'-''^dyneriis  (Ancistrocerus)  fulvipes  Cress. 

Black  ;  a  curved  line  on  the  top  of  the  clyi>eus,  a  small  irregular  mark  over  the 
autennije,  one  of  the  same  size  in  the  eye  incision,  a  triangular  mark  on  the  base 
of  the  mandibles,  a  short  line  behind  the  eyes,  underside  of  autennal  scape,  if 
small  spot  behind  the  tegulae,  a  larger  one,  longer  than  broad,  in  the  centre  of  the 
mesonotum  at  the  apex,  postscutellum,  a  broad  line  on  the  apical  two-thirds  of 
the  sides  of  metanotum,  an  irregularly  oval  mark  on  the  ])leur8e  below;  above, 
the  centre  and  apex  with  the  punctures  larger  and  confluent ;  the  apex  depressed, 
transverse.  Front  and  vertex  closely  and  strongly  punctured.  Thorax  strongly 
punctured  ;  the  base  transverse,  the  edges  sliglitly  projecting.  Apex  of  postscu- 
tellum broadly  rounded.  Sides  of  median  segment  with  a  distinct  margin  ;  the 
lower  edge  stoutly  bidentate.  First  abdominal  segment  longer  than  it  is  wide  at 
the  apex,  which  is  very  slightly  reflexed  ;  the  second  segment  is  clearly  longer 
than  it  is  wide  at  the  apex;  its  apex  is  more  distinctly  reflexed.  The  band  on 
the  second  segment  does  not  extend  all  round  below. 

The  male  has  the  clypeus  yellow;  its  apex  depressed  and  transverse  in  the 
middle,  the  sides  projecting  into  stout  teeth;  the  sides  of  the  metanotum  want 
the  yellow  lines  and  the  apices  of  the  first  and  second  abdominal  segments  are 
more  strongly  reflexed.      The  terminal  anlennal  hook  is  narrow,  black  and  ex- 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC,  XXXIV.  JULY,  1908. 


214  p.    CAMERON. 

tends  beyond  the  apex  of  the  penultimate  joint.  The  niaik  over  tlie  antenna  i-s 
continued  as  a  line  below,  and  the  lower  part  of  the  eye  incision  is  lined  with 
yellow.     The  tegulte  in  both  sexes  are  for  the  greater  part  rufo-fulvous. 

I,  at  first,  thought  that  this  species  might  be  0.  colon.  Cress.,  but 
that  species,  according  to  Mr.  Cresson's  Catalogue  (Cat.  of  the  Des. 
Hym.  of  N.  Am.  North  of  Mexico,  p.  288),  is  an  Odynerus  sensu 
str. ;  it  has  also  a  spot  on  the  side  of  the  second  abdominal  segment, 
and  the  %  has  the  clypeus  "  deeply  notched  at  apex  "  which  is  cer- 
tainly not  the  case  with  my  species. 

'^^'''^Odynerus  (Ancistroeerus)  philelas  sp.  nov. 
This  species  comes  near  to  0.  fundatus  Cress.,  which  also  occurs 
at  Fedor.     The  two  may  be  separated  thus : 

Legs  dark  ferruginous,  black  at  the  base;  the  oblique  mark  on  tlie  first  abdo- 
minal segment  small,  not  extending  to  the  middle  of  the  segment ;  the 
mark  on  the  second  abdominal  segment  small f  uiiflal  us. 

Legs  black,  the  apex  of  femora,  tibise  and  tarsi  bright  lemon-yellow;  the 
oblique  mark  on  the  first  segment  large,  wide,  extending  to  the  mid- 
dle ;  the  mark  on  the  second  segment  large philelas. 

Total  length  10  mm.  9-  Black;  a  curved  mark  on  the  top  of  the  clypeus,  a 
small  mark,  dilated  above,  over  the  antennee  on  the  front,  one  in  the  eye  incision, 
a  narrow  line  on  the  base  of  mandibles,  a  short  line  behind  the  eyes,  two  large 
marks  on  the  base  of  thorax  on  the  outer  edge,  a  small  square  mark  on  the  apex 
of  mesonotum,  postscutellum,  the  sides  of  metanotum  broadly,  the  mark  extend- 
ing on  to  the  pleurae,  a  large  mark,  widest  above,  on  the  base  of  mesopleurae 
above;  a  line  on  the  apex  of  the  first  abdominal  segment,  largely,  obliquely  dila- 
ted at  the  sides  to  the  middle  of  the  segment,  where  it  is  obliquely  narrowed  ;  a 
large,  oval,  transverse  mark  on  the  sides  of  the  second  near  the  base,  a  broad  line 
on  the  apex  of  the  second  and  narrower  ones  on  the  apices  of  the  following  three, 
lemon-yellow;  the  apex  of  the  femora  (the  posterior  only  narrowly)  and  the 
tibife  of  a  brighter  yellow  color;  the  tarsi  rufous,  as  also  the  apex  of  the  tibiae 
narrowly.  Antenna;  black,  the  scape  yellow  below.  Wings  hyaline,  slightly 
tinged  with  fulvous,  the  apex  fuscous-violaceous. 

Clypeus  longer  than  wide,  the  punctures  longish,  clearly  separated,  the  apex 
transverse.  Front  and  vertex  closely,  rugosely  punctuied.  Prothorax  and  meso- 
thorax  closely,  rugosely  punctured.  Metanotum  rugosely  punctured  above,  tlip 
rest  closely,  obliquely  striated,  its  sides  rounded.  Base  of  metapleiirse  almost 
smooth,  the  rest  closely,  finely  punctured.  Apex  of  first  abdominal  segment 
slightly  raised;  the  basal  slope  weakly  punctured,  compared  with  the  rest;  the 
two  parts  not  very  clearly  separated.  The  second  segment  is  clearly  longer  than 
it  is  wide  at  the  apex,  where  it  is  more  strongly  punctured  and  has  a  coarsely 
crenulated  furrow  behind  the  raised  apex.  The  apical  segments  are  closely 
punctured. 

Fedor,  Texas. 


AMERICAN    HYMEXOPTERA.  215 


^    Ancistrocerus  leensis  sp.  nov. 

Black;  underside  of  aiitennal  scape,  clypeus,  mandibles,  except  the  lower 
edge,  a  mark  between  the  antenme,  commencing  at  the  clypeus,  longish,  roundly 
dilated  above,  an  irregular  mark  in  the  eye  incision,  a  short  line  near  the  top 
beliind  the  eyes,  the  base  of  the  pronotum  to  near  the  middle,  a  small  spot  on  the 
mesonotum  in  the  middle  near  the  apex,  postscutelluni,  a  large  pyriform  mark 
below  the  tegulfe,  the  apex  of  the  first  abdominal  segment,  an  oblique  line  run- 
ning from  its  outerside  towards  the  middle  of  the  segment,  the  two  reaching 
close  to  the  middle,  an  irregular  spot  on  the  sides  of  the  second  segment  near  the 
base,  the  apex  broadly  almost  all  round  and  a  narrow  line  in  the  centre  of  the 
fourth,  bright  lemon-yellow.  Coxa;  and  trochanters  black,  the  femora  fulvous, 
the  tibiae  and  tarsi  yellow.  Wings  hyaline,  the  radial  cellule  smoky;  the  costa. 
stigma  and  nervures  black.      %, .     Length  (total)  8  mm. 

Lower  part  of  clypeus  distinctly  longer  than  wide;  tlie  apex  with  an  incision 
as  long  as  it  is  wide  ;  the  punctuation  is  strong,  sparse.  Front  and  vertex  strongly 
closely  punctured  ;  the  head,  as  is  also  the  thorax,  thickly  covered  with  pale  pu- 
bescence. Base  of  thorax  not  quite  transverse,  the  centre  slightly  curved 
inwardly;  the  lateral  angles  blunt.  Postscutellum  rounded  at  base  and  apex. 
Sides  of  metanotum  broadly  rounded,  strongly  punctured  ;  almost  reticulated  ; 
the  centre  is  not  so  rugosely,  coarsely  punctured  as  the  sides.  Metapleuite  more 
weakly  and  sparsely  punctured  than  the  rest.  First  abdominal  segment  much 
more  coarsely  punctured  than  the  second,  the  apex  with  a  hand  of  larger  punc- 
tures, the  basal  slope  more  irregularly  and  weakly  punctured,  the  extreme  apex 
slightly  raised.  The  second  segment  is  clearly  longer  than  wide,  closely,  but  not 
strongly  punctured ;  its  apex  much  more  strongly  punctured  and  more  distinctly 
reflesed  than  the  first.     Underside  of  flagellum  and  hook  black. 

Lee  County,  Texas. 

This  is  a  smaller  and  more  slenderly  built  species  than  either 
aiidfuiHS  or  fulvipes,  with  which  it  agrees  in  having  two  oblique 
lines  on  the  base  of  abdomen  ;  the  sides  of  the  metanotum  are  much 
more  broadly  rounded,  not  at  all  angled  and  the  femora  only  are 
fulvous.  I    ^ 

Aiicistrocerus  rivularis  sp.  nov. 

Black;  clypeus,  mandibles,  a  triangular  small  spot  over  the  anteunse,  a  short, 
narrow  line  on  the  top  behind  the  eyes,  antennal  scape  except  on  top,  a  broad 
line,  narrowed  in  the  middle,  on  the  base  of  the  thorax,  tegulse,  a  broad  baud  on 
base  of  postscutellum,  a  band  on  the  upper  three-fourths  of  the  metanotum  on 
the  sides,  broad  above,  narrowed  below,  the  lower  part  produced  on  the  inner- 
side,  a  large  mark,  longer  than  wide,  transverse  above,  rounded  below,  on  the 
pleurse  below  the  tegulse,  sulphur-yellow ;  the  abdomen  sulphur-yellow,  with  the 
following  black  markings:  the  basal  slope  of  the  first  abdominal  segment,  from 
the  centre  of  this,  runs  to  shortly  beyond  the  n)iddle,  a  line,  clearly  longer  than 
wide,  broadly  rounded  at  the  apex,  from  which  runs  a  short  narrow  point,  a 
broad  line  on  the  base  of  the  second  segment;  it  becoming  gradually  narrowed 
towards  the  apex,  to  which  is  attached  a  narrower  and  shorter  transverse  mark, 
the  sides  of  which  become  gradually  narrowed  to  a  point;  broad  bands,  extend- 
ing slightly  beyond  the  middle,  on  the  ba.se  of  the  following  three  segments,  a 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  JULY,  1908. 


216  p.    CAMERON. 

narrower  three-waved  band  on  the  fourth,  the  fifth  to  shortly  beyond  the  mid- 
dle, a  narrow  line  round  its  sides  and  apex  ;  the  ventral  surface  with  the  follow- 
ing black  markings:  the  first  segment,  except  for  a  triangular  mark  on  the  sides 
at  the  apex,  an  irregular  narrow  line,  narrowed  to  a  sharp  point  at  the  apex,  on 
the  centre  of  the  basal  two-thirds  of  the  second,  lines  on  the  following  three, 
roundly  dilated  at  the  sides,  and  the  whole  of  the  last.  Legs  colored  like  the 
body,  but  paler,  the  four  anterior  behind  to  beyond  the  middle  of  the  femora 
and  the  hinder  all  round  to  near  the  apex  of  the  femora.  Wings  hyaline,  the 
base  suffused  with  fulvous,  the  apex  with  violaceous,  the  costa  and  stigma  ful- 
vous.     %  .     Length  7  mm.  to  end  of  second  segment. 

Head  and  thorax  strongly,  closely  punctured,  thickly  covered  with  dark  fu.';- 
cous  hair.  Ciypeus  clearly  longer  than  wide,  sparsely,  strongly  punctured  ;  its 
apex  with  a  shallow  rounded  incision.  Base  of  thorax  transverse,  the  sides  not 
transverse.  Apex  of  metanotum  irregularly  transversely  striated  ;  the  sides  at 
the  top  project  into  a  clearly  separated  (especially  at  the  base)  testaceous  tooth  ; 
they  are  irregularly  margined  on  upper  half.  First  abdominal  segment  cup- 
shaped,  sparsely,  but  distinctly  punctured  ;  the  second  is  almost  square,  not  much 
narrowed  at  the  base;  the  basal  half  finely,  the  apical  coarsely  putictured,  its 
apex  only  very  slightly  reflexed  ;  the  other  segments  are  strongly  punctured, 
especially  at  the  apex. 

Three  Rivers,  California. 

This  species  has  the  abdominal  markings  pretty  much  as  in  A. 
duranrjoensis,  which  may  be  known  from  it  by  the  sides  of  the  pro- 
notum  projecting,  by  the  strongly  reflexed  apices  of  the  second  and 
third  abdominal  segments,  and  by  there  being  a  broad  lateral  mark 
on  the  sides  of  the  second  ventral,  on  which  there  is  no  central  line. 


v/. 


Anoif^troceriiK  diirangoeiiNJs  sp.  uov. 
Black;  the  ciypeus,  mandibles,  except  the  teeth,  a  small  mark  over  the  an- 
tennae, broad  and  rounded  above,  obliquely  narrowed  below,  a  short  narrow  line 
on  the  outer  orbits  above,  underside  of  antennal  scape,  a  line,  narrowed  in  the 
centre,  on  the  base  of  pronotum,  tegulse,  a  small  oval  mark  on  the  sides  below 
them,  two  marks  on  the  apical  half  of  the  scutelhim,  rounded  at  the  base,  trans- 
verse at  the  apex,  the  apical  half  of  postscutellum  and  the  greatar  part  of  the 
abdomen,  bright  sulphur-yellow  ;  the  following  parts  of  the  abdomen  are  black  : 
the  basal  slope,  the  black  produced  in  the  centre  at  the  apex,  into  a  point  of  equal 
width  and  slightly  broader  than  long,  its  apex  transverse,  not  reaching  to  the 
centre  of  the  yellow  apical  part,  the  basal  fourth  of  second  segment,  the  band 
widened  laterally;  attached  to  it  is  a  slightly  narrower  band  which  does  not 
reach  the  sides,  the  short  pedicle  by  which  it  is  attached  to  the  basal  band,  being 
as  wide  as  its  lateral  projections,  there  are  waved  basal  bands  on  the  third  to 
fifth,  and  the  apical  is  entirely  black  ;  the  first  ventral  segment  is  black,  except 
for  a  transverse  yellow  line  near  the  apex  ;  there  is  a  narrow  tripartate  line — the 
central  projection  much  smaller  and  more  sharply  pointed  than  the  lateral — on 
the  base  of  the  second  ;  from  its  sides  projects  a  stout  oblique  mark,  rounded  and 
slightly  narrowed  at  the  apex  ;  the  following  segments  two  are  black  at  the  base, 
the  last  is  entirely  black.     Legs  of  a  paler  yellow  than  the  body;  the  greater 


AMKRK'AN    HYMENOPTKRA.  217 

part  of  the  anterior  coxse,  the  four  posterior  hehiiid.  the  basal  half  of  the  four 
anterior  femora  and  the  posterior  entirely  to  shortly  beyond  the  middle,  black. 
Flaorellum  brownish  below.  Wings  hyaline,  siifTused  with  fulvous  on  the  basal 
half,  the  apex  smoky  violaceous;  the  costa  and  stigma  fulvt)us.  %  .  Length  to 
end  of  second  abdominal  segments  mm. 

Head  and  thorax  densely  covered  with  long  fuscous  pubescence;  the  abdomen 
with  shorter  pubescence.  Clypeus  pyriforni,  clearly  longer  than  broad,  its  apex 
with  a  rounded,  wider  than  long  incision;  the  puncturation  is  strong,  but  not 
close ;  on  the  front  and  vertex  it  is  strong  and  close,  as  it  is  also  on  the  pro-  and 
mesothorax.  There  is  a  smooth  distinct  furrow  down  the  centre  of  the  scutel- 
lum.  Apex  of  postscutellum  broadly  rounded.  There  is  a  smooth,  longer  than 
it  is  wide  at  the  base,  triangular  area  at  the  base  of  tlie  nietanotum  ;  the  upper 
lateral  angles  are  bordered  by  a  distinctly  raised  and  defined  border,  which  be- 
low, in  the  middle  of  the  nietanotum,  projects  into  a  stout  triangular  tooth, 
the  upper  part  shorter  than  the  lower.  First  abdominal  segment  cup-shaped, 
broadly  rounded  at  the  base,  the  apex  with  a  smooth  raised  border,  which  is  bor- 
dered behind  by  a  line  of  deep  foveas;  the  second  is  as  long  as  it  is  wide, 
roundly  narrowed  at  the  base,  its  apex  stoutly  reflexed,  as  is  also  the  case  with 
the  third  ;  the  puncturation  is  strong  and  close.  Antennal  hook  rufous,  not  ex- 
tending much  beyond  the  base  of  the  tenth  joint.  Base  of  thorax  transverse, 
the  sides  shortly  but  distinctly  projecting. 

Duraiigo,  Colorado,  May  (Oslar). 
Belongs  to  the  group  of  stdphureus  Sauss. 

^^Aiici>*lrocerus  truncatu»$  sp.  nov. 

Black  ;  a  broad  line  on  the  top  of  the  clyj)eus,  a  small  mark,  longer  than  wide, 
transverse  above  and  below  above  the  antennae,  an  irregular  mark  on  the  inner 
corner  of  the  eye  incision,  a  short  narrow  line  on  the  base  of  mandibles,  a  longer, 
broader  one  behind  the  top  of  the  eyes,  a  large  triangular  mark  on  the  sides  of 
the  pronotum  at  the  apex,  a  small  squarish  mark  in  the  middle  of  the  mesonotuni 
at  the  apex,  a  conical  mark  on  the  sides  below  the  tegulse,  postscutellum.  the 
outer  edges  of  the  metanotuni  broadly,  lines  on  the  apices  of  the  abdominal  seg- 
ments, a  broad  oblique  mark  on  the  outer  edge  of  the  first,  joining  the  apical 
band  and  a  large,  transversely  oval  mark  on  the  sides  of  the  second,  pale  yellow. 
Legs  black  ;  the  apical  half  of  the  four  front  femora  from  near  the  middle  behind 
and  more  narrowly  in  front,  the  posterior  at  the  extreme  apex  and  the  tibite  and 
tarsi  yellow;  the  tarsi  suffused  with  fulvous.  Wings  hyaline,  iridescent,  the 
radial  cellule  violaceous,  the  nervures  and  stigma  black.      9  •     Length  9  mm. 

Head  and  thorax  closely,  distinctly  punctured,  the  metapleuiii;  smooth  at  the 
base,  the  rest  closely,  obliquely  striated.  Clypeus  longer  than  it  is  wide,  its  apex 
transverse.  Base  of  thorax  transverse,  the  sides  not  projecting.  Apex  of  post- 
.scutelluni  rounded.  Sides  of  nietanotum  rounded,  not  margined.  The  second 
abdominal  segment  square,  its  apex  smooth,  slightly  raised.  The  pubescence  is 
short  and  sparse,  the  underside  of  the  scape  yellow. 

Berkeley,  Colorado,  June  (Oslar). 

There  is  an  example  of  what  is  probably  the  S  from  Las  ^'egas, 
New  Mexico.     It  has  the  clypeus  yellow,  transverse  at  the  apex  ; 

TRANS.   AM.  ENT.  SOC,  XXXIV.  (28)  JULY,  1908. 


218  P,    CAMERON. 

the  mark  over  the  autenn?e  is  longer  and  dilated  above;  except  that 
tliere  is  no  yellow  spot  on  the  niesonotum  and  two  on  the  underside 
of  the  second  abdominal  segment,  the  markings  are  as  in  the  9  ;  but 
the  yellow  line  on  the  lower  side  of  the  eye  orbits  goes  all  round  it. 
Clypeus  pyriform,  longer  than  wide,  it  apex  transverse.  Underside 
of  flagellum  brown;  the  hook  of  a  darker  brown  color;  it  reaches 
to  the  middle  of  the  penultimate  joint.  The  basal  half  of  the  sec- 
ond femora  is  hollowed  slightly  and  roundly  dilated  behind.  The 
yellow  marks  on  the  pronotum  are  of  equal  width,  square,  not  trian- 
gular as  in  the  9  ;  the  black  on  the  femora  is  less  developed  ;  the 
oblique  mark  on  the  first  abdominal  segment  is  more  narrowed  on 
the  innerside  and  the  mark  on  the  second  is  larger  and  more  regu- 
larly oval. 

Related  closely  to  A.  philetas  Cam.,  from  Texas,  which  may  be 
known  from  it  by  the  second  abdominal  segment  being  distinctly 
longer  than  wide;  while  in  truncatus  it  is  fully  wider  than  long,  the 
mark  on  the  pronotum  on  the  latter  is  triangular  in  jjhiletua,  not 
much  narrowed  on  the  outerside,  the  line  on  the  clypeus  is  much 
narrower;  the  clypeus  itself,  too,  being  broader  compared  with  the 
length  ;  also  the  black  on  the  femora  is  longer. 

/ 
Ancistrocerus  orinsbyensis  n.  sp. 

The  %  of  this  species  was  described  in  "  Invert.  Pacif.,"  i,  120. 
The  9  ii^s  been  taken  at  Gunnison,  Col.  Like  the  %  it  is  densely 
pilose;  it  has  the  clypeus  yellow,  with  a  broad  black  mark  in  the 
centre  of  the  upper  two  thirds  ;  the  upper  two- thirds  of  the  clypeus 
is  of  equal  width,  the  lower  is  gradually  narrowed  to  a  point;  it  is 
slightly  longer  than  its  greatest  width  ;  it  is  sparsely  longitudinally 
punctured  ;  its  apex  is  black  and  transverse.  The  basal  five  seg- 
ments of  the  abdomen  have  moderately  broad  yellow  bands  of  equal 
width ;  the  four  front  femoz"a  are  more  broadly  black  than  in  the 
9 .  As  in  the  %  ,  the  wings  are  largely  tinged  with  fulvous. 
There  is  a  S  from  Denver,  Col.,  which  has  the  black  lines  on  the 
four  anterior  femora  shorter  than  in  the  type. 

AncistroceriiM  leeoiitei  sp.  nov. 
Black  ;  the  head,  thorax  and  base  of  abdomen  densely  covered  with  long  dark 
pubescence  ;  two  broad  curved  marks  on  the  top  of  the  clypeus,  two  much  smaller 
marks,  transverse  on  the  outer,  rounded  on  the  inner  side,  above  the  apex,  a 
small  transverse  mark  over  the  antennae,  a  small  spot  behind  the  top  of  the  eyes, 
a  line  on  the  pronotum,  narrow  in    the   middle,  -broadly  dilated   laterally,  an 


AMERICAN    HYMENOPTKRA.  21U 

oblique  conical  sjiot  below  the  tegula',  apex  of  teguhe  (their  base  fuscous),  two 
irregular  transverse  conical  marks  on  the  scutellum  and  the  apices  of  the  basal 
five  abdominal  segments  and  the  apices  of  the  second  to  fourth  ventral,  bright 
lemon-yellow.  Tibine  yellow,  the  apex  of  the  tarsi  dark  testaceous.  Wings 
almost  hyaline,  smoky  along  the  fore  margin;  the  stigma  testaceous,  the  nerv- 
ures  black.      J.     Total  length  12  mm. 

Clypeus  as  broad  as  long,  sparsely,  distinctly  punctured,  the  apex  transverse, 
depressed.  Base  of  thorax  not  quite  transverse,  the  apex  distinctly  keeled  on 
the  sides,  the  oblique  lower  part  with  the  keels  stouter  than  on  the  upper  part. 
Thorax  somewhat  more  than  twice  longer  than  wide,  flat  above,  the  parapsidal 
furrows  reaching  from  the  base  to  the  apex.  Basal  slope  of  first  abdominal  seg- 
ment triangular,  clearly  separated  above,  aciculated  ;  the  apex  distinctly  punc- 
tured; the  second  is  much  less  strongly  punctured;  it  is  distinctly  longer  than 
wide  and  has  the  apex  flat.     Apex  of  postscutellum  transverse. 

Ormsby  Co.,  jSTevada,  July  (Baker);  Berkeley  and  Golden, 
Colorado,   August. 

What  appears  to  be  the  i  (from  Berkeley)  has  the  clypeus,  lab- 
rum  and  tarsi  lemon-yellow,  the  coloration  otherwise  being  as  in 
the  9;  except  that  the  flagellum  is  brownish  below;  its  hook  is 
stout,  brownish  and  hardly  projects  over  the  ba.«e  of  the  joint.  Cly- 
peus not  much  longer  than  wide,  more  closely  punctured  than  in 
the  9  ;  its  apex  has  a  seniicircular  incision.  The  parapsidal  furrows 
are  not  so  deep  as  in  the   $  . 

Comes  close  to  A.  capra  Sauss. 

AnciMtroceriis  lindeinaniii  sp.  nov. 

Black;  the  clypeus,  base  of  mandibles,  eye  incision,  a  longish  mark,  broad 
above,  gradually  narrowed  below,  wiiere  it  is  one-third  of  the  width  of  the  top, 
a  short  narrow  line  on  the  upper  part  of  the  eye  orbits,  a  line  on  the  base  of 
thorax,  a  small,  irregular,  wider  than  long,  mark  in  the  centre  of  the  mesonotuni 
at  the  apex,  postscutellum,  a  wide  conical  mark  below  the  tegulse,  lines  on  the 
apices  of  all  the  abdominal  segments  and  an  irregular  spot  on  the  sides  of  the 
second  segment  at  the  base,  yellow.  Legs  pale  yellow,  the  four  anterior  coxae, 
trochanters  and  femora  and  the  posterior  entirely,  black.  Wings  hyaline,  the 
radial  cellule  clouded,  the  stigma  fuscous,  the  nervures  black.    %.  Length  5  mm. 

Clypeus  pyriform,  clearly  longer  than  wide,  the  apex  with  a  wider  than  long 
incision;  it  is  sparsely,  strongly  punctured.  Base  of  thorax  transverse,  the 
lateral  angles  not  projecting;  its  apex  with  blunt  sides;  the  top  of  the  metano- 
tum  irregularly  reticulated,  the  rest  closely,  fitiely  striated  ;  metapleurse  above 
sparsely  punctured,  the  rest  aciculated.  Base  of  first  abdoniinal  segment  trian- 
gular, smooth  ;  the  apex  strongly  but  not  closely  i)unctured  ;  the  second  segment 
is  slightly  longer  than  wide,  weakly,  sparsely  punctured  at  the  base,  more 
strongly  towards  the  apex,  which  is  reflexed.  Antennal  scape  yellow  below  ;  the 
apex  below  and  the  hook  brownish  ;  the  latter  does  not  quite  reach  to  the  aiiex 
of  the  last  joint. 

Lee  County,  Texas. 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  JULY.  1908. 


220  P-    CAMERON. 

Aneistrocerus  cockerelli  sp.  nov. 

Black  ;  a  longish  triangular  mark  over  the  antennse,  a  line  on  the  lower  part 
of  the  eye  incision,  a  mark,  longer  than  wide,  of  equal  width,  in  the  centre  of 
the  apex  of  clypeus,  the  sides  of  it  prolonged  along  the  teeth,  the  apex  there- 
fore incised,  a  longish  wide  line  on  the  upper  part  of  the  outer  orbits,  a  broad 
line,  narrowed  in  the  middle,  on  the  base  of  thorax,  tegula^,  basal  half  of  post- 
scutellum,  a  triangular  mark  on  the  upper  half  of  the  sides  of  metanotum,  an 
oblique  conical  mark  below  the  tegulje,  a  line  on  the  apex  of  first  abdominal 
segment,  broadly  dilated  laterally  to  the  top  of  basal  slope,  an  oblique  conical 
spot — the  narrowed  end  on  the  innerside— on  the  sides  of  second  segment,  the 
apex  of  the  latter  broadly,  narrowed  in  the  middle,  narrow  lines  on  the  centre  of 
the  second  and  third  segments,  and  a  line  gradually  narrowed  inwardly,  on  the 
sides  of  the  second  ventral  segment,  pale  yellow.  Wings  iridescent,  slightly 
infuscated,  the  nervures  and  stigma  black.      9-     Length  5  mm. 

Clypeus  as  broad  as  long,  the  apex  transverse  in  the  middle,  the  sides  forming 
blunt  teeth.  Apex  of  mandibles  rufous.  Underside  of  flagellum  brown.  Base 
of  thorax  not  quite  transverse,  the  middle  being  slightly  dilated,  the  sides  of  the 
apex  bordered  by  a  distinct  keel,  the  upper  part  of  the  keel  broadly  rounded  ; 
except  at  the  sides  of  the  upper  half,  the  apex  is  finely,  closely  transversely  stri- 
ated. There  are  two  broad  longitudinal  furrows  on  the  apical  half  of  the  meso- 
notuni,  a  deeper  one  on  the  apical  half  of  the  scutelluni,  which  has, two  ob-scure 
yellow  marks  on  the  apex.  The  first  and  second  abdominal  segments  are 
strongly  punctured  at  the  apex,  which  is  not  reflexed,  but  slightly  thickened; 
the  second  is   square. 

Ormsby  County,  Nevada  ;  July  (Baker).  A  longish,  narrowish 
insect. 

Anvistrocerus  bakerianns  sp.  nov. 

Black  ;  the  clypeus,  an  irregular  spot  on  the  eye  incision,  an  interrupted  line, 
gradually,  obliquely  dilated  from  the  inner  to  the  onterside,  two  irregular  spots 
on  the  apex  of  the  scutelluni,  a  conical  pleural  spot,  a  line  on  the  apex  of  the 
first  abdominal  segment,  roundly  dilated  in  the  middle,  a  line  on  the  apex  of  the 
second,  broadly  dilated  backwards  on  the  sides  and  continued  along  the  outer- 
edge  of  the  ventral  surface,  and  a  line  on  the  underside  of  the  antenna!  scape, 
pale  yellow;  the  legs  black,  the  tibiae  obscure  yellow  in  front;  the  underside  of 
the  flagellum,  with  the  hook,  reddish  brown.  Wings  hyaline,  the  nervures  and 
stigma  black.      %  .     Length  4  mm. 

Clypeus  distinctly  wider  than  long,  the  apex  with  a  broad  roundly  curved 
incision.  Base  of  thorax  transverse,  the  sides  not  projecting.  The  sides  of  the 
metathorax  are  roundly  curved  from  the  base  to  the  apex.  Upper  half  of  nieta- 
pleurse  with  strong,  clearly  separated  punctures,  the  lower  smooth.  Second 
abdominal  segment  as  long  as  it  is  wide  at  the  apex,  which  has  a  crenulated  fur- 
row in  the  middle.  Antennal  hook  stout,  reaching  to  the  base  of  the  eleventh 
joint,  which  is  distinctly  longer  than  the  tenth.  The  trophi  are  longer  and 
stouter  than  usual. 

Orrasby  County,  Nevada  ;  July. 


AMERICAN    HYMKXOPTERA.  221 

Aiicistroceriis  sayi  sj).  nov. 

Black  ;  the  clypeus,  a  mark  filling  the  eye  incision,  narrowed  helow,  a  longish 
mark  over  the  antennae,  the  top  transverse,  tlie  upper  two-thirds  becoming  grad- 
ually nan-owed  below,  the  narrowed  lower  iiart  twice  longer  than  wide,  a  line 
on  the  top  of  the  outer  orbits,  mandibles  except  at  apex,  a  interrupted  line,  grad- 
ually widened  on  the  outerside,  on  the  base  of  the  thorax,  two  irregular  marks 
on  the  scutellunis,  those  on  the  postscutellum  almost  continuous,  a  large  conical 
spot  below  the  tegulse,  a  line,  with  an  irregular  basal  edge  on  the  first  abdomi- 
nal segment,  one  obliquely  dilated  laterally  on  the  second,  a  longish  line  grad- 
ually narrowed  on  the  innerside,  on  the  sides  of  the  second  ventral  and  an 
oblique  spot,  twice  longer  than  wide,  near  the  middle  of  the  second,  the  apex  of 
the  femora  and  the  greater  part  of  the  tibiae,  whitish-yellow.  Wings  hyaline, 
the  nervures  and  stigma  black,  the  second  recurrent  nervure  interstitial ;  the 
wings  are  tinged  with  violaceous.  Underside  of  antennal  scape  whitish-yellow, 
of  the  flagellum  brown  ;  the  hook  short,  half  the  length  of  the  joint.  %  Length 
5  mm. 

Clypeus  wider  than  long,  the  puncturation  strong,  but  not  close,  the  incision 
semicircular.  Base  of  thorax  transverse;  the  sides  of  the  apex  rough,  rounded, 
the  lower  edge  projecting  into  stout  triangular  teeth.  The  first  abdominal  seg- 
ment longer  than  it  is  wide  at  the  apex ;  it  becomes  gradually  widened  from  the 
base  to  the  apex  ;  the  second  is  longer  than  it  is  wide  at  the  apex,  the  base  nar- 
rowed, the  apex  flat.  The  apex  of  the  first  is  more  coarsely  punctured  than  the 
rest,  and  has  a  short,  wide,  longitudinal  furrow  down  the  centre. 

A  slender,  longish  species. 

Aiicistroceriis  giiiinisoiiensiN  Cam. 
There  is  a  S  of  this  species  from  Denver,  Colorado,  and  anotlier 
from  Durango,  Colorado.  The  amount  of  rufous  color  on  the 
underside  of  the  anteunse  varies,  as  does  also  the  size  of  the  yellow 
frontal  mark.  A  %  from  Chimney  (Julch,  Colorado,  has  the  wings 
tinged  distinctly  with  fulvous. 

Auci!>»troceru!^  tricliionotus  Cam. 
Invert.  Pacifica,  i,  120. 

The  %  only  of  this  species  has  been  descril)ed.  The  9  li^^s  been 
sent  by  Pvoi'.  Baker  from  Ormsby  Co.,  Nevada,  and  from  Berkeley 
and  San  Miguel  Co.,  Colorado.  The  underside  of  the  antennal 
scape  is  bright  sulphur-yellow,  the  flagellum  brownish  at  the  apex 
below.  Clypeus  as  long  as  wide,  strongly  but  not  closely  punctured, 
pyriform,  the  apex  not  quite  transverse,  being  slightly  incurved  ;  on 
either  side  of  it  is  a  broad  curved  mark,  narrower  above  than  below 
and  reaching  below  to  the  middle;  above  the  narrowed  apex  are 
two  small  irregular  marks.  The  pubescence  on  the  head,  thorax 
and  base  of  abdomen  is  long,  dark  fuscous  and  dense.  The  nieta- 
notuni  above  has,  on  eitherside,  a  curved,  not  very  strong  keel. 

TRANS.  AM.   ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  JULY.  1908. 


222  p.    CAMERON. 

Ancistrocerns  fulvicarpus  sp.  nov. 

Black  ;  the  clypeus  excejit  for  a  pyiiforni  black  mark  in  the  centre  of  the  upper 
half,  it  being  narrow  above,  becoming  gradually  obliquely  narrowed  to  the  apex, 
which  is  broad  and  rounded,  a  small  mark,  widened  in  the  middle,  over  the  an- 
tennte,  a  narrow,  longish  mark  on  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  a  small  mark, 
longer  than  wide,  at  the  eyes,  opposite  the  antenna,  a  short  line  on  the  top  of  the 
upper  orbits,  the  basal  half  of  the  prouotum,  two  large  marks  narrowed  on  the 
innerside,  on  the  apical  half  of  scutellum,  postscutellum,  the  sides  of  metanotum 
broadly,  the  lines  dilated  on  the  innerside  above,  a  large,  oval  mark  below  the 
tegulse,  and  the  greater  part  of  the  abdomen,  yellow  suffused  with  rufous;  the 
following  parts  of  the  abdomen  are  black:  the  basal  slope  of  the  first  segment, 
this  part  continued  on  to  the  apical  half  of  the  apical  part ;  the  base  of  the  mark 
is  narrowed,  of  equal  width  and  is  nearly  as  long  as  the  dilated  apex,  which  be- 
comes gradually  wider,  the  basal  third  of  the  second  segment,  this  line  having 
attached  to  it  by  a  short  pedicle  a  line  of  the  same  width,  which  does  not  extend 
to  the  sides,  its  outer  edges  being  obliquely  narrowed  ;  the  third  is  broadly  black 
at  the  base,  the  last  at  the  apex  and  entirely  below ;  the  first  ventral  is  entirely 
black;  the  second,  except  broadly  at  the  apex,  the  middle  of  the  black  being 
broadly  incised.  Legs  of  a  more  rufous  yellow  ;  the  coxse,  trochanters,  basal  half 
of  the  four  anterior  femora  and  the  posterior  to  near  the  apex  black.  Wings 
hyaline,  the  base  suffused  with  fulvous,  the  apex  with  fuscous  violaceous,  the 
costa  and  stigma  fulvous.      9  •     Length  11  mm. 

Clypeus  broadly  pyriform,  as  wide  as  long,  its  apex  transverse.  Head  and 
thorax  closely  puuctnred,  thickly  covered  with  long  fuscous  pubescence.  Base 
of  thorax  transverse,  the  sides  not  projecting.  Apical  half  of  mesonotum  with 
two  distinct  furrows.  Apex  of  scutellum  with  a  short,  broad,  almost  smooth 
line  dowu  the  centre.  Base  of  postscutellum  raised,  coarsely  rugosely  punctured, 
the  apes  smooth,  broadly  rounded.  Sides  of  metanotum  with  a  bordering  keel ; 
the  upper  half  rounded,  the  lower  separated  from  it,  through  its  projecting,  the 
top  of  the  projection  rounded  and  much  more  prominent  than  the  rest.  Centre 
of  metanotum  finely,  obliquely  striated.  First  abdominal  segment  cup-shaped, 
punctured,  but  not  strongly  ;  the  second  .square,  more  strongly  punctured,  espe- 
cially at  the  apex,  which  is  broadly  reflexed,  as  is  also  the  third.  Antennal 
scape  rufous-yellow,  l)lack  above. 

Southwest  Colorado;  June  (Oslar). 

'Ancistrocerns  simulator  sp.  nov. 
Black;  the  clypeus,  mandibles  broadly  at  the  base,  a  small  transverse  oval 
spot,  with  a  short  pedicle  below  above  the  antennfe,  a  small  spot  at  the  eyes  oppo- 
site the  antennae,  a  short,  irregular  line  on  the  top  of  the  outer  orbits,  the  base 
of  pronotum,  the  lateral  widened  parts  semicircular,  tegulse,  two  transverse 
marks,  narrowed  on  the  innerside,  on  the  base  of  the  scutellum,  the  basal  half  of 
postscutellum,  a  moderately  broad  line  on  the  sides  of  metanotum,  its  top  dilated 
inwardly  distinctly,  the  lower  part  much  more  narrowly,  a  mark,  twice  longer 
than  wide,  below  the  tegula;,  its  top  oblique,  the  apex  rounded,  and  the  greater 
part  of  the  abdomen,  sulphur-yellow  ;  the  black  basal  slope  of  the  first  abdominal 
segment  broadly  projecting  over  the  slope  above,  this  part  incised  latejally  at  the 
base,  the  incision  .shorter  than  the  central  i)art,  the  black  apical  projection  being 
about  half  the  width  of  the  central  part,  the  black  on  the  second  occupies  almost 


AMERICAN  hy;vienoptera.  22o 

the  basal  three-fouitlis ;  the  apical  (and  larger)  part  is  narrower  and  longer  than 
the  basal,  which  extends  to  the  outer  edges;  at  the  junction  of  the  two  is  a  long- 
ish  triangular  incision,  which  becomes  gradually  narrowed  to  a  fine  point  on  the 
inner;  the  third  to  fifth  segments  have  black  lines,  dilated  near  the  outerside. 
on  the  base;  the  last  immaculate;  the  first  ventral  is  black;  the  second  with  a 
large  tripartite  mark  on  the  base  ;  the  central  division  is  the  larger,  is  triangular, 
with  ragged  edges;  the  lateral  are  curved,  oblique,  broadly,  roundly  dilated  in 
the  middle  on  the  outerside;  the  others  (except  the  last,  which  is  entirely  black 
are  black  at  the  base,  the  bands  roundly  dilated  on  tlie  sides.  Legs  pale  suljihur- 
yellow,  the  tarsi  and  apex  of  tibiae  fulvous;  all  the  coxie  and  trochanters,  the 
base  of  the  four  anterior  femora  narrowly  and  the  posterior  to  near  the  apex, 
black.  There  is  a  black  spot  in  the  centre  of  the  upper  three-fourths  of  the 
clypeus  ;  it  becomes  gi-adually  widened  to  near  the  bottom,  when  it  again  becomes 
roundly  narrowed  to  a  fine  point  below.  Wings  fulvous-hyaline,  the  apex  from 
the  first  transverse  cubital  uervure  smoky  violaceous;  the  nervures  and  stigma 
fulvous.      9-     Length  12  mm. 

Head,  thorax  and  base  of  abdomen  densely  covered  with  long  fuscous  pubes- 
cence. Clypeus  pyriform,  as  broad  as  long,  its  apex  with  a  shallow  incision.  Base 
of  thorax  transverse,  the  sides  not  projecting.  Apex  of  mesonotum  with  two 
distinct  furrows.  Apex  of  postscutellum  transverse,  smooth.  The  sides  of  meta- 
notum  below  the  middle  project  into  a  blunt  triangular  tooth.  First  abdominal 
segment  cup-shaped  ;  the  second  wider  than  long  ;  the  puncturation  on  the  first 
and  second  weak  ;  on  the  apex  of  the  latter  it  is  stionger,  aiid  it  is  still  stronger 
on  the  others.     Underside  of  antenual  scape  yellow,  of  the  flagelluni  brown. 

Ormsby  Co.,  Nevada,  July  (Baker). 

Allied  to  A.fulvitarsis  and  A.  falvicarpus ;  it  may  be  known  from 
both  by  the  wide,  clearly  separated  transverse  bar  at  the  end  of  the 
black  base  of  the  abdomen  ;  the  latter  may  be  further  known  by  the 
second  abdominal  segment  being  black,  exce])t  at  the  apex  ;  fulvi- 
tarsus  by  the  clypeus  being  black,  except  at  the  sides  above  and  by 
the  sides  of  the  metanotum  being  not  lined  with  yellow. 

Odyueru!^  ( Ancistrocerusi  acaiitlio|>iii>»  sp.  nov. 

Black;  anteunal  scape  below,  a  broad  curved  line  with  its  lower  sides  narrowed 
aud  dilated  downwards  on  the  top  of  the  clypeus,  two  small  spots  in  the  centre 
above  the  apex,  an  irregular  oval  mark  on  the  front,  a  mark  in  the  eye  incision, 
widened  above,  narrowed  below,  a  mark  three  times  longer  than  wide  on  the 
top  of  the  outer  orbits,  a  longish  mark  on  the  base  of  the  mandibles,  a  broad  line 
on  the  base  of  the  pronotum,  the  greater  part  of  the  tegulte,  a  short  oblique  line 
on  the  mesonotum  close  to  their  apex,  an  irregular  mark  in  the  centre  of  the 
apex  of  the  mesonotum,  postscutellum,  a  small  lateral  mark  on  the  base  of  the 
metanotum,  a  broad,  irregular  mark  on  the  sides  of  the  apical  slope,  a  large 
irregular  mark  on  the  pleurte  below  the  tegulai,  a  small  mark  on  the  first  abdo- 
minal segment  on  the  sides  near  the  basal  slope,  a  band  on  the  apex  of  the  first 
abdominal  segment,  widened  in  the  middle  and  directed  backwards  at  the  sides, 
a  large,  oblique  spot  on  the  sides  of  the  second,  nearer  the  middle  than  tlie  base, 
a  broad  band  on  the  apex  of  the  second  and  narrower  ones  on  the  others,  bright 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC  XXXIV.  JULY,  1908. 


224  p.    QAMERON. 

orange-yellow;  the  apex  of  tJie  femora,  the  tibise  and  the  tarsi  yellow,  tinged 
with  fulvous.  Wings  hyaline,  the  radial  cellule  smoky,  the  stigma  dark  fulvous, 
the  nervures  blackish.  9-  Length  to  end  of  second  abdominal  segment  8  mm. 
Hinder  coxse  with  a  distinct,  triangular  tooth  in  the  centre  above.  Clypeus 
strongly  but  not  closely  punctured,  its  apex  depressed,  almost  transverse;  it  is  as 
long  as  its  greatest  width,  rounded  above.  Front  and  vertex  closely  almost 
rugosely  punctured.  Temples  wide.  Base  of  thorax  transverse,  its  sides  rounded. 
Mesonotum  without  basal  furrows.  Postscutellum  prominent,  rugosely  punc- 
tured, except  on  the  apex.  Metanotum  roundly  depressed,  the  top  in  the  centre 
with  stout  strise,  the  sides  rugosely  punctured  ;  a  keel  runs  down  the  centre;  on 
the  sides  at  the  apex  are  two  yellow,  prominent,  diverging  spines  united  at  the 
bas^  The  first  abdominal  segment  has  a  distinct  petiole  at  the  base,  the  apical 
slope  is  triangular;  smooth,  above  bordered  by  an  irregular  rugose  band;  the 
rest  of  the  segment  is  strongly,  closely  punctured,  the  apex  is  more  strongly 
punctured,  it  is  slightly  raised  and  smooth  ;  the  second  is  clearly  longer  than 
wide,  narrowed  slightly  at  the  base;  the  punctuation  becomes  stronger  towards 
the  apex,  the  punctures  there  being  wide,  deep;  the  extreme  apex  is  curled  up. 

Fedor,  Texas ;  May. 

Belongs  to  Stenancistrocerus.  Characteristic  is  the  distinct  tooth 
on  tlie  hinder  coxse.  It  has  the  abdomen  formed  as  in  Nortonia, 
but  I  find  so  much  variation  in  the  structure  of  the  first  abdominal 
segment — it  varying  from  sessile  to  pedunculate — that  I  doubt  if 
the  form  of  the  basal  segment  can  be  used  generically. 

Nortonia  ?  basimaciila  sp.  nov. 

Black  ;  the  basal  slope  of  first  abdominal  segment  red,  the  led  broadly  dilated 
laterally,  the  apex  of  clypeus  red,  a  bioad  curved  band  on  top  of  clypeus,  a  small 
irregular  mark  above  the  antennae  and  at  the  end  of  the  eye  incision,  an  elonga- 
ted conical  spot  on  the  outer  orbits  near  the  top,  a  broad  mark  not  quite  reaching 
to  the  middle,  on  the  sides  of  the  pronotum  at  the  l)ase,  postscutellum,  a  small 
irregular  mark  on  the  sides  of  the  apical  slope  of  metanotum,  a  band,  broadly 
dilated  in  the  middle,  on  the  apex  of  the  first  abdominal  segment,  a  large,  irreg- 
ular spot  on  the  sides  of  the  second  near  the  base,  a  broad  band  of  equal  widtli 
on  its  apex,  the  band  extending  more  narrowly  on  to  the  ventral  surface  to  near 
the  middle,  where  it  is  much  narrowed,  and  a  large,  oblique,  somewhat  oval 
spot  on  the  pleurae  below  the  teguite,  orange-yellow;  antennal  scape  yellow, 
tinged  with  red,  the  apex  black  above.  Legs  bright  fulvous  red,  the  coxae  black, 
the  tibia;  at  the  base  tinged  with  yellow.  Wings  almost  hyaline,  largely  suf- 
fused in  front  with  fuscous  violaceous,  the  stigma  dark  fulvous,  the  nervures 
black.  Tegulse  yellow,  tinged  with  fulvous,  darker  in  the  centre.  9-  Length 
8  mm. 

Clypeus  pyrifurm,  strongly  but  not  closely  punctured,  its  ajiex  almost  trans- 
verse. Mandibles  red,  black  at  the  base,  with  a  white  spot  in  the  middle.  Front 
and  vertex  strongly,  irregularly,  but  not  very  closely  punctured.  Temples 
broad,  rounded,  its  occiput  almost  transverse,  distinctly  keeled.  Thorax  more 
than  twice  longer  than  wide,  transverse  at  the  base,  the  sides  not  projecting ; 
above  it  is  strongly,  closely  punctured,  except  on  the  centre  of  metanotum,  where 


AMERICAN    HYMENOPTERA. 


995 


the  puucturation  is  muc)i  sparser.  Apex  of  postsciitelluni  broadly  rounded  out- 
wardly. Sides  of  metanotuni  broadly  rounded;  the  puucturation  on  tlieni  runs 
into  reticulations.  ProjileuriE  deeply  depressed  in  the  middle,  the  sides  obliquely 
sloped,  smooth.  The  mesopleurae  as  strongly,  but  not  so  closely  ])unctured  as 
the  mesonotum,  except  on  the  basal  slope  which  is  smooth.  Metapleurse  smooth, 
sparsely  punctured  round  the  edges.  The  basal  slope  of  the  first  abdominal  seg- 
ment is  almost  smooth  ;  its  top  rough,  with  an  irregular,  twisted  transverse  keel ; 
the  base  with  a  short,  but  distinct  neck  almost  as  in  Xortonia ;  the  rest  of  the 
segment  is  strongly  closely  punctured  ;  it  is  cup-shaped,  not  quite  so  long  as  it  is 
wide  at  the  apex  ;  the  second  segment  is  distinctly  longer  than  wide,  punctured, 
but  not  so  strongly,  uor  so  closely  as  the  first ;  its  apex  is  smooth,  slightly  raised  ; 
the  other  segments  are  closely,  somewhat  strongly,  punctured  ;  as  usual,  the 
puucturation  on  the  second  segment  is  rougher  at  the  apex. 

Fedor,  Texas ;  May. 

If  not  quite  a  Xortonia  this  species  certainly  forms  a  transition  to 
tliat  group,  i.  e.  the  pedicle  of  first  abdominal  segment  is  not  so 
[)rominent  as  in  N.  tolteca,  but  the  segment  is  not  sessile,  having  a 
short  but  distinct  pedicle. 

Ancistrocerus  (Xortonia  ?)  piioeiiixen^is  sp.  nov. 

Black,  covered  with  a  white  pruinose  pile  ;  the  underside  of  the  antennal  scape, 
a  small  square  mark  over  the  autennse,  a  short,  narrow  line  on  the  upper  outer 
orbits,  two  large  marks  on  the  sides  of  the  pronotuni,  obliquely  narrowed  towards 
the  onterside,  a  small  irregular  spot  in  the  centre  of  the  apex  of  mesonotum, 
postscutellum,  a  conical  mark  below  the  tegulse,  the  sides  of  metanotuni  broadly, 
lines  on  the  apices  of  the  abdominal  segments,  that  on  the  first  narrowed  later- 
ally and  having  a  short  oblique  projection  at  the  end,  and  an  oval,  oblique  mark, 
of  moderate  size,  on  the  sides  of  the  second  segment  at  the  base,  pale  whitish- 
yellow.  Legs  black,  the  apices  of  the  four  hinder  femora,  the  tibite,  except  on 
the  outerside,  and  the  fore  femora  broadly  al)ove,  brownish  rufous,  the  rest  of  the 
tibise  and  the  apex  of  the  fore  femora  whitish-yellow.  Flagellum  brownish 
below.  Wings  hyaline,  the  radial  cellule  smoky,  the  stigma  dark  testaceous,  the 
iiervures  black.  The  male  has  the  clypeus,  a  line  on  the  base  of  the  mandibles, 
aline  about  three  times  longer  than  wide  over  the  anteunse  and  one  on  the  lower 
edge  of  the  eye  orbits,  whitish-yellow.     Length  8-9  mm. 

The  female  clypeus  pyriform,  as  long  as  broad,  sparsely,  weakly  punctured,  its 
apex  narrowly  but  distinctly  depressed,  and  with  a  shallow  incision,  the  sides  of 
which  are  straight,  oblique.  Thorax  about  twice  longer  than  wide,  its  base 
transverse,  not  projecting  laterally,  the  sides  of  the  apex  not  very  blunt,  rounded 
on  inner,  flat  on  outer  side.  Apex  of  post-scutellum  gradually  bluntly  narrowed  ; 
the  basal  part  is  prominent,  clearly  separated.  The  first  abdominal  segment 
cup-shaped,  slightly  longer  than  it  is  wide  at  the  apex,  the  base  distinctly  nar- 
rowed into  a  neck,  the  second  segment  is  as  long  as  wide,  its  apex  more  strongly 
punctured  than  the  rest. 

The  male  has  the  underside  of  the  antennal  scape  pale  yellow,  as  is  also  the 
clypeus,  the  other  markings  being  as  in  the  female,  except  that  the  marks  on  the 
metauotum  are  smaller;  the  underside  of  the  flagellum  is  orange-brown;  the 

TKANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (29)  JULY,  1908. 


226  p.    CAMERON. 

hook  is  black  and  is  a  little  longer  tlian  the  joint;  the  middle  femora  become 
gradually  widened  below  from  the  end  to  the  apex  of  the  basal  fourth,  where  it 
becomes  abruptly  narrowed  and  is  there  hollowed  above  in  front. 

Oslar,  Phoenix,  Arizona  ;  October  4th. 

This  species  is  not  unlike  0.  approximatun  Cam. ;  the  %  in  that 
species  has  the  middle  femora  of  normal  form.  It  is  not  a  typical 
Ancisirocerns,  there  being  hardly  a  transverse  ridge  on  the  first 
abdominal  segment,  the  sole  difference  being  that  the  basal  slope 
is  smooth,  the  roughness  commencing  at  its  top.  The  form  of  the 
first  abdominal  segment  is  as  in  Nortonia. 

PterochiluN  5-faNciatus  Say. 
This  species  is  in  the  collection  from  Berkeley,  Colorado,  and 
Oslar,  S.  W.  Colorado.  One  specimen  is  18,  the  other  14  mm.  long. 
The  size  and  shape  of  the  black  markings  on  the  basal  two  abdomi- 
nal segments  vary ;  in  one  it  is  shaped  like  an  hour-glass,  not  con- 
tinued to  the  outer  edges  of  the  segment  at  the  apex  ;  in  another 
there  is  a  triangle  in  the  middle  at  the  base,  the  apex  of  the  triangle 
being  at  the  middle  of  the  segment;  from  there  it  is  continued 
broadly  to  the  outer  edges  of  the  segment.  There  is  a  shallow, 
semi-circular  incision  on  the  apex  of  the  clypeus ;  the  outer  edges 
forming  blunt  teeth.  In  the  smaller  example  there  is  a  yellow  fas- 
cia on  the  top  of  the  red  cl3'peus,  the  line  on  the  lower  inner  orbits 
being  also  yellow.  Basal  joint  of  flagellum  red,  the  other  joints 
being  brownish-red  below.  Palpal  hairs  long,  rufous,  sparse.  Apex 
of  postscutellum  transverse,  the  base  broadly  rounded. 

^Pterochilii!"*  inaculifrons  sp.  nov. 

Black ;  red  are :  a  large  triangular  mark  on  the  front,  its  base  united  above  by 
a  transverse  line  to  a  broader  one  on  the  eye  incision,  the  junction  being  above 
the  incision  ;  clypeus,  mandibles,  a  broad  line  on  the  outer  eye  orbits,  the  pro- 
thorax,  except  the  basal  slope,  two  marks  on  the  centre  of  the  scutellum,  broad- 
est at  the  base,  a  line  on  either  side  of  the  black  central  part  of  the  metanotum, 
the  metapleuraj  and  two  large  marks  on  either  side  of  the  black  central  part  of 
the  basal  tvvo  abdominal  segments.  Yellow  are:  a  large  mark,  longer  than  wide, 
transverse  above,  rounded  below;  a  triangular  mark  on  the  sides  of  scutellum, 
the  apex  at  the  base;  postscutellum,  the  sides  of  metanotum  broadly,  and  the 
apices  of  the  abdominal  segments  (the  line  on  the  first  is  dilated  backwards 
laterally,  broadly  and  roundly)  and  a  mark  inside  the  red  mark  on  the  second 
segment,  bright  lemon-yellow.  Legs  red,  the  coxai  marked  behind  with  black. 
Wings  hyaline,  the  apex  largely  sufiused  with  fuscous.    Length  (total)  14  mm.    9- 

Clypeus  strongly  punctured,  le.ss  strongly  on  the  top,  where  it  is  bioadly 
rounded;  it  becomes  gradually  roundly  narrowed  from  the  eyes;  the  ape.\  nar- 
row, transverse.  Apical  two  teeth  of  mandibles  weaker  than  the  basal  two. 
Front  and  vertex  strongly  and  closely  punctured  ;  there  is  a  broad,  longitudinal 


AMERICAN    HYMKXOPTEllA.  227 

furrow  in  the  centre  of  the  front.  Tiiorax  strongly,  closely  i)nnctured,  the  ))uuc- 
tuation  on  the  mesonotum  running  into  reticulations.  There  is  a  narrow  black 
furrow  down  the  middle  of  scutellum.  The  apex  of  the  postscutellum  is  more 
rounded  than  the  base.  Base  of  thorax  above  bluntly  rounded,  the  sides 
rounded,  not  projecting.  The  second  and  following  segments  of  the  abdomen 
are  closely,  distinctly  punctured  ;  the  ai)ical  half  of  the  second  is  depressed,  the 
depression  dilated  backwards  in  the  middle. 

Oslar,  Berkeley,  Colorado. 

This  species  agrees  very  closely  in  coloration  with  '^-fuHciahis,  but 
is  smaller  and  more  slenderly  built. 

The  rounded,  not  projecting  lateral  angles  of  the  pronotun)  ibrm 
a  ready  means  of  separating  this  species  from  5  fasclutus. 

The  two  may  be  separated  thus: 

Apex  of  clypeus  incised;  the  front  immaculate;  clypeus  broader  than  long; 
apex  of  postscutellum  transverse,  base  of  thorax  trans'^erse.  the  lateral 
angles  acute 5-faseiutus. 

Apex  of  clypeus  transverse;  the  front  with  a  large  triangular  red  mark;  the 
clypeus  nearly  as  long  as  broad  ;  a|)ex  of  postscutellum  rounded  ;  base 
of  thorax  bluutly  rounded,  the  angles  rounded Illiirulif  1M»II.«>. 

^    Pterochiliis  priiiiiosiis  sp.  nov. 

Black,  densely  covered  with  a  whitish  pile;  the  clypeus,  except  narrowly 
round  the  apex,  a  mark,  with  its  upper  half  broadly  dilated,  over  the  antenna?, 
a  line  round  the  eye  incision,  the  outer  orbits,  broadly  above,  the  mark  gradu- 
ally narrowed  below,  the  base  of  thorax,  the  line  extended  broadly  to  the  mid- 
dle of  propleurse,  tegulse,  two  irregular  marks  on  the  scutellum,  laterally  ex- 
tended at  the  apex  to  the  wings,  postscutellum.  a  large  irregular  mark  on  the 
sides  of  median  segment,  broad  lines  on  the  apices  of  the  abdominal  segments 
(that  on  the  first  broader  and  more  irregular  than  the  others)  and  a  large  conical 
mark  on  the  top  of  the  base  of  the  mesopleurte,  followed  below  by  a  longer,  nar- 
rovver  irregular  stripe,  pale  yellow.  Legs  reddish  fulvous,  the  coxEe,  trochanters 
aud  base  of  femora  black  ;  the  four  anterior  coxje  spotted  with  wliite  below  ;  the 
apex  of  t|ie  middle  femora  and  the  outerside  of  the  four  hinder  tiliise  are  broadly 
white.  Wings  hyaline,  the  costa  and  stigma  dark  fulvous,  the  nervures  black. 
9  .     Total  length  9  mm. 

Head  clearly  wider  than  the  thorax  ;  the  tenijiles  obliquely  roundly  narrowed  ; 
the  occiput  roundly  incised.  Clypeus  much  broader  than  long;  its  apex  broadly 
projecting,  transverse,  red,  with  a  black,  irregular  transverse  line  above.  Front 
closely  and  strongly,  the  vertex  weakly,  the  clypeus  more  strongly,  sparsely 
punctured.  Base  of  thorax  transverse,  with  projecting  angles.  Base  of  postscu 
tellura  transverse,  the  apex  more  rounded.  Thorax  closely,  strongly  punctuied, 
except  on  the  metapleurse,  where  it  is  smooth.  Abdomen  strongly  and  closely 
punctured;  the  first  segment  cup-shaped  ;  its  apex  with  the  punctuation  strong 
and  sparse.  Palpi  long,  broad,  yellow,  tinged  with  rufous;  the  hair  very  long, 
yellowish-white.  Mandibles  red,  broadly  yellow  at  the  base;  there  are  only  two 
distinct  teeth. 

Oslar,  Prescott,  Arizona. 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  80C.  XXXIV.  JULY.  1908. 


228  p.    CAMERON. 

Rhygcliium  dorsale  Fab. 
A  9  from  Fedor,  Texas,  and  another  from  Oslar,  Berkeley,  Col., 
agreeing  with  Saussure's  figure  on  PI.  XIII,  f.  9  (Ve.«pides  i).  A 
%  from  Fedor  is  very  dark  colored,  the  front,  vertex,  occiput,  the 
greater  part  of  the  mesothorax  and  the  abdomen,  except  the  yellow 
apical  margins,  being  black.  It  is  very  variable  as  regards  colora- 
tion ;  the  red  basal  three  joints  of  the  antennae,  fuscous  violaceous 
wings  and  the  yellow  bands  on  the  basal  abdominal  segments  appear 
to  be  common  to  all  the  numerous  varieties. 


AMERICAN    HYMENOPTERA. 


229 


On  NOine  l'n«le<«<>ribe«l  Aiiifric*»ii  ll.yiiieiioptera  chiefly 
from  the  J^oulhweMt  of  the  United  Ktate^. 

BY    P.    CAMERON. 

I  am  indebted  to  Prof.  Carl  F.  Baker  for  most  of  the  species 
described  in  this  paper. 

VESPID^. 
Folistes  versicolor  Fab. 

Prof.  Baker  has  a  $  from  Rio  Branco,  Obidos,  Brazil,  which 
agrees  very  well  with  Saussure's  figuie  of  his  Var.  D  on  PI.  VIII, 
f.  6,  Vespides,  ii.  It  is  18  mm.  long.  More  variegated  varieties 
(like  that  figured  by  Saussure  on  PI.  VII,  f.  5,  have  been  taken  by 
Prof.  Baker  at  Fedor,  Texas,  and  Oslar,  Patagonia  Mountains, 
Arizona.  I  have  a  9  from  Mexico,  which  agrees  with  Saussure's 
figure  of  P.  instabiiis  Sauss.  on  PI.  XI,  f.  1.  I  am,  however, 
unable  to  separate  it  from  versicolor  type,  beyond  the  fact  that  the 
pleurge  and  sternum  are  black  ;  but  this,  however,  is  the  case  with 
the  Yar.  D  oi' versicolor  mentioned  above.  At  present  my  opinion 
is  that  instabiiis  is  only  a  form  of  versicolor,  the  latter  being  a  most 
variable  species  as  regards  coloration  ;  indeed,  it  is  diflicult  to  get 
two  specimens  colored  alike.  P.  instabiiis  is  not  mentioned  by 
recent  writers  on  Vespidte,  e.  g.  Schulz  and  Ducke. 

Polii^tes  flavus  Cresson. 
This  species  (described  in  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  1868,  p.  383) 
has  been  taken  by  Prof.  Baker  at  Oslar,  Negales,  Arizona,  and 
Tempe,  Arizona.  There  is  a  female  which  is  24  mm.  in  length  and 
two  smaller  specimens  (probably  workers)  from  16  to  18  mm.  The 
amount  of  fulvous  color  varies.  In  one  example  the  mesonotum  is 
rufous,  with  two  yellow  lines,  united  by  a  broader  one  at  their  apex, 
in  its  centre,  there  being  also  a  yellow  mark  at  the  tegulie.  It  is 
related  to  carnifex :  the  difference  in  the  form  of  the  clypeus  sepa- 
rates the  two :  in  carnifex  it  is  distinctly  longer  than  its  greatest 
width,  the  part  below  the  eyes  being  fully  twice  the  length  of  the 
upper,  oblique  part;  \u  Jiavus  the  clypeus  is  not  much  longer  than 
broad,  the  lower  part  not  being  twice  longer  than  the  upper ;  the 
wings,  too,  are  darker  colored. 

TBANE.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  JULY,  1908. 


230  P-    CAMERON. 

Folistes  aurifer  Sauss. 

This  species  has  been  taken  by  Prof.  Baker  at  Oslar,  Las  Vegas, 
New  Mexico;  Oslar,  Durango,  Gala.,  and  Ornisby  Co.,  Nevada, 
including  the  undescribed  male.  The  latter  has  the  malar  space  as 
long  as  the  third  antennal  joint ;  the  clypeus  is  flat,  distinctly  longer 
than  its  greatest  width  ;  its  apex  is  trilobate,  the  middle  lobe  being 
more  prominent  than  the  lateral ;  the  uppei;  bordering  furrows  are 
oblique,  slightly  curved  and  end  at  the  bottom  of  the  eyes;  the 
upper  transverse  one  is  much  less  distinct ;  the  frontal  keel  is  broad, 
prominent,  narrowed  in  the  middle.  The  four  anterior  legs  are 
yellow,  except  on  the  upper  part  of  the  femora.  The  third  antennal 
joint  is  as  long  as  the  following  two  united  ;  the  apical  are  flat 
below,  rounded  above ;  the  last  thinner  and  about  one-fourth.  As 
in  the  9  ,  the  size  of  the  yellow  thoracic  marking  varies,  as  does 
also  the  rufous  ones.  One  S  has  two  Xeuos  attached  to  the  penul- 
timate abdominal. 

The  two  marks  or  lines  on  the  metanotum  may  be  absent  or  rep- 
resented by  two  small  spots. 

EUMENID^. 

^''  Ancistrocerus  beliiBeiisis  sp.  uov. 

Black,  shining,  covered  with  a  short,  white  down  ;  the  clypeus,  base  of  mandi- 
bles, a  narrow  interrnpted  line  over  the  antenna',  a  narrow  line  on  the  lower  half 
of  the  eye  incision,  a  small  spot  near  the  top  of  the  outer  orbits,  a  line,  broadly 
interrupted  in  the  middle,  on  the  base  of  thorax,  postscutelluni,  a  broad  curved 
line  on  the  lower  part  of  apical  slope,  an  irregular  spot  on  the  pleura;  below  the 
tegulse,  a  line  on  the  top  of  first  abdominal  segment,  one  all  round  on  the  apex 
of  second,  both  of  equal  width,  and  the  underside  of  antennal  scape,  whitish  yel- 
low. Femora  and  tibije  tinged  with  fuscous  below.  Wings  fuscous-violaceous, 
paler  at  the  base,  the  nervures  and  stigma  black;  tegulte  black,  with  a  small 
white  spot  at  the  apex.      %  .     Length  7  mm. 

Flagellum  of  anteuuse  brownish  ;  it  becomes  distinctly  thickened  towards  the 
apex;  the  last  joint  is  thinner  than  the  jienultiniate  and  ends  in  a  slightly 
curved  hook,  a  little  narrowed  towards  the  apex,  and  which  is  straight,  not 
curved  as  usual.  Clypeus  longer  than  wide,  strongly,  but  not  closely  punctured, 
the  apex  transverse.  Base  of  thorax  transverse,  raised,  the  edges  slightly  pro- 
jecting. Apex  of  postscutelluni  black,  rounded.  Sides  of  metanotum  irregularly 
reticulated  above;  their  centre  roundly  dilated,  with  a  smaller  projection  below; 
the  centre  is  depressed  and  closely  transversely  striated.  Base  of  first  abdomi- 
nal segment  with  a  strong  keel,  which  below  is  continued  along  the  sides  to  the 
apex.  Second  segment  longer  than  wide,  obliquely  depressed  at  the  base  above ; 
the  apex  in  the  centre  above  with  a  broad,  raised  band,  which  is  clearly  defined 
by  a  furrow  at  the  base;  the  apex  is  bordered  by  a  crenulated  furrow  ;  the  basal 
segment  is  reddish  below. 


AMERICAN    HYMKNOPTKRA.  281 

Belize  (I.  D.  Johnson). 

The  form  of  the  second  abdominal  segment  shows  an  approach  to 
that  of  trUuberculaius  Cam.  ;  that  species  is  larger,  has  the  sides  of 
metauotum  keeled  or  margined  all  round,  and  the  first  abdominal 
segment  wants  the  stout  bordering  keel  on  the  base  found  in  the 
present  species. 

'-""^dynenis  (4nciMli*ocerii»«)  iniiineMOtHMisis  sp.  nov. 

I^lack  ;  tlie  clypeus,  niaiidibles,  excopt  lielovv  and  at  the  apex,  a  triangular 
small  spot,  dilated  in  the  middle  below,  on  the  lower  part  of  the  front,  a  small 
spot  ou  the  outer  orbits,  near  the  top  of  the  eyes,  a  band  on  apex  of  pronotuni, 
narrowed  in  front,  a  triangular  spot  below  the  tegulse,  postscutellum,  the  first 
abdominal  segment  above,  except  its  basal  slope,  its  apical  half  below,  the  apical 
fourth  of  the  second  segment  above,  and  more  narrowly  below,  and  tlie  antennal 
scape,  except  the  apical  two-thirds  above,  red  ;  the  underside  of  the  antennal  fla- 
gellum  pale  orange-yellow;  the  legs  of  a  lighter  colored  red  than  the  red  spots 
on  the  body;  wings  fusco-hyaline,  the  apex  broadly  fuscous-violaceous,  the  nerv- 
ures  and  stigma  black.      %, .     Total  length  7  nini. 

Clypeus  clearly  longer  than  wide,  sparsely,  distinctly  punctured  ;  the  aj)ex 
with  a  rounded  incision,  wider  than  long;  the  top  in  the  middle  transverse,  the 
sides  oblique;  the  puncturation  coarse  and  strong,  the  pubescence  very  sparse. 
Base  of  thorax  transverse,  the  sides  not  projecting.  Apex  of  postscut(?llum 
obliquely  narrowed  to  a  blunt  point;  the  apical  edge  black.  Piothorax  and  nieso- 
thorax  strongly,  closely  punctured  ;  there  is  a  broad  smooth  longitudinal  line  on 
either  side  of  the  mesonotum  near  the  apex.  Base  of  metanotuni  distinctly  punc- 
tured, but  neither  so  closely  nor  so  strongly  as  the  mesonotum,  the  centre  irreg- 
ularly transversely  reticulated,  not  much  hollowed;  tlie  sides  are  broadly 
rounded;  the  lower  lateral  spines  distinct,  pale,  longish  tiiangular;  the  meta- 
jileuric  are  more  weakly  and  less  closely  punctured  than  the  nietanotum.  First 
abdominal  segment  elongated  cup-shaped  ;  coarsely,  closely  jiunctured  ;  the  toji 
of  the  apical  slope  with  the  punctures  larger  and  more  elongated,  forming  a  more 
or  less  regular  belt,  bordered  in  the  centre  below  by  a  curved,  tripartite  keel; 
the  segment  is  narrower  than  the  second,  which  is  distinctly  longer  than  it  is 
wide  at  the  apex;  the  latter  is  more  strongly  punctured  than  the  rest,  and  is 
slightly,  but  distinctly  reflexed  ;  the  other  segments  are  more  weakly  punctured, 
except  the  last,  which  is  smooth.  Antennae  stout,  becoming  thicker  towards 
the  apex;  the  hook  is  black,  stout,  curved  ;  its  apex  reaches  to  the  base  of  the 
eleventh  joint. 

The  base  of  the  first  abdominal  segment  is  rounded  above  at  the  base;  it  is 
longer  and  squarer  than  usual  on  the  apical  part,  the  sides  being  straight,  not 
rounded.  The  thorax  is  more  than  twice  longer  than  wide.  Tegulse  rufous  tes- 
taceous. 

Minnesota,  United  States. 

Belongs  to  Saussure's  Section  B,  b.  (Syn.  Am.  Wasps,  198).  The 
red  marks  are  unusual  ;  but  they  occur  with  0.  hldrio  Lep.,  belong- 
ing to  the  above  noted  section   of  OiUjncrus;    in   that   species  the 

TRANS.   AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  JULY,  1908. 


232  p.    CAMERON. 

metauotura  is  very  strongly  punctured — in  the  present  species  only 
very  slightly — and  is  bordered  all  round  by  "  very  salient  and  tren- 
chant ridges ;  "  this  species  is  stated,  I.  c.  p.  209,  to  be  distinct  "  by 
the  strength  of  the  ridges  of  the  nietathorax  ;  "  in  minnesotiznsis 
these  can  hardly  be  said  to  exist,  either  above  or  on  the  broadly 
rounded  sides.  Characteristic,  too,  of  the  species  I  have  describetl 
is  the  very  broad  colored  band  on  the  apex  of  the  first  abdominal 
segment. 

.^-  SPHEGID^. 

Trachypus  annulitarsis  sp.  nov. 

Black ;  the  clypeiis  bright  orange-yellow,  a  narrow  pale  line  on  the  sides  of  the 
first  abdominal  segment  at  the  apex,  a  larger  one,  curved,  broad  on  the  outerside. 
narrowed  on  the  inner  shortly  beyond  the  middle  of  the  second  and  an  irregular 
curved  line,  narrowed  in  the  middle,  on  its  apex  below,  of  a  paler  yellow  color. 
Antennte  dull  rufous  brown  below,  the  base  of  the  scape  yellowish.  The  apes  of 
the  anterior  femora  and  the  four  anterior  tibise  below  yellow;  the  second  and 
third  joints  of  the  hind  tarsi  pale  yellow,  black  at  the  apex.  Wings  hyaline, 
suffused  with  fuscous  violaceous;  the  stigma  dark  fuscous,  the  nervures  blacker. 
9  .     Length  17  mm. 

Front  closely,  longitudinally  striated,  the  strite  intermixing;  the  vertex  shin- 
ing, sparsely,  weakly  punctured.  There  is  a  pale  yellow  spot  at  the  base  of  the 
mandibles;  a  reddish  one  near  the  apex.  Pronotum  and  mesonotum  smooth, 
shining,  the  basal  half  of  the  mesonotum  with  three  wide,  deep  furrows,  of 
which  the  central  is  the  wider  and  deeper;  there  is  a  shallow  furrow  in  the  mid- 
dle of  pronotum.  Basal  region  of  metanotum  bare,  smooth,  shining,  the  rest 
closely  punctured,  as  are  also,  but  less  strongly,  the  pleurse;  the  fovea  large, 
rounded  and  widened  at  the  apex,  deep  in  the  centre  there.  Propleurse  finely, 
closely  obliquely  striated.  Mesopleurse  closely,  distinctly,  but  not  very  closely 
punctured.     Abdominal  petiole  about  two-thirds  of  the  length  of  the  thorax. 

The  central  lobe  of  clypeus  depressed  ;  the  sides  above  forming  tubercles.  The 
second  abscissa  of  the  radius  is  about  one-fourth  longer  than  the  third,  longer 
compared  with  it  than  in  T.  mexicanus.  Tliere  are  two  small,  whitish-yellow 
spots  on  the  apex  of  metanotum. 

Allied  to  T.  mexicanus  Sauss. 

o/  MIMESID^. 

Pseii  coloradoeuxiis  sp.  nov. 
Black,  the  face  and  clypeus  densely  covered  with  silvery  pubescence;  the 
apex  of  clypeus  broadly  rounded,  the  hinder  ocelli  separated  from  eaeh  other  by 
a  slightly  less  distance  than  they  are  from  the  eyes;  the  metanotal  area  large, 
the  lateral  keels  oblique,  not  uniting  at  the  apex,  which  is  narrow  and  trans- 
verse, and  bearing  a  few  irregular  oblique  striic,  the  middle  being  smooth  ;  the 
apical  sloi)e  and  the  metapleura;  are  stoutly  reticulated.  Abdominal  petiole  as 
long  as  the  hind  femora,  of  equal  width  throughout;  there  is  a  keel  down  its 
centre,  the  sides  being  also  bordered  by  a  keel.  The  recurrent  nervures  are 
received  about  the  same  distance  from  the  base  and  apex  of  the  second  cubital 


AMKRICAN    HYMENOPTERA.  ioo 

cellule — a  slightly  less  distance  than  the  front  of  the  cellule;  the  second  recur- 
rent nervure  is  roundly  curved  backwards  on  the  front  three-fourths,  the  poste- 
rior part  is  straight  and  slightly  oblique.      9  •     Length  8  mm. 

Front  and  vertex  closely,  distinctly  [)unctured,  the  puncturation  weaker  on 
the  outerside  of  the  vertex  ;  there  is  a  narrow,  but  distinct  keel  down  the  lower 
half  of  the  front;  the  pubescence  is  longisb,  not  very  close  and  silvery.  Meso- 
notura  somewhat  strongly  and  closely  punctured  in  the  middle,  the  sides  almost 
smooth.  Scutellum  almost  smooth,  the  postscutellum  shagreened.  Propleura' 
and  mesopleurse  shagreened  ;  the  metapleurse  somewhat  widely  reticulated. 
Legs  covered  thickly  with  white  pubescence;  the  hind  tibi*  are  distinctly  spi- 
nose  behind;  the  calcaria  white;  the  four  anterior  tarsi  are  tinged  with  testa- 
ceous. Underside  of  flagellum  fuscous.  Pygidium  depressed  somewhat,  covered 
with  large,  clearly  separated  punctures,  not  acute  at  apex,  about  one-fourth 
longer  than  it  is  wide  at  the  base;  it  is  not  distinctly  margined  laterally. 

Berkeley  Co.,  Colorado  ;  June. 

Except  that  the  pygidium  can  hardly  he  called  "acute  at  apex," 
this  species  would  come  into  Mr.  Fox's  Group  2  (Trans.  Am.  Ent. 
Soc,  XXV,  5),  and  in  the  table,  on  p.  2,  it  certainly  runs  near  to 
cylindricui^  and  reyularis  of  that  group.     It  is  a  Mhnem. 

Closely  allied  to  the  above  is  a  species  I  have  from  New  Mexico. 
The  main  ditierences  between  the  two  may  be  shown  thus  : 

The  second  recurrent  nervure  not  interstitial,  broadly  roundly  curved  in 
front;  the  front  with  a  distinct  keel;  the  abdominal  petiole  not  much 
shorter  than  the  bind  femora coloradoensis. 

The  second  recurrent  nervure  interstitial,  at  the  top  straiglit,  oblique,  bent 
backwards,  forming  a  sharp  angle  with  the  rounded  lower  part,  the 
front  without  a  distinct  keel,  the  abdominal  jietiole  distinctly  shorter 
than  the  femora interstitialis. 

Psen  iiiterstilialis*  sp.  nov. 

Face  and  clypeus  densely  covered  with  a  silvery  pubescence,  the  apes  of  the 
latter  broadly  rounded.  Hind  ocelli  separated  from  each  other  by  a  distinctly 
less  distance  than  they  are  from  the  eyes;  the  anterior  is  surrounded  by  a  smooth 
furrow  which  goes  down  the  front  for  a  short  distance;  the  punctuation  is  weak, 
not  very  distinct ;  the  pubescence  silvery,  moderately  long  and  dense.  Prothorax 
and  mesothorax  almost  smooth;  the  metanotum  and  metapleurse  at  the  base 
reticulated  ;  the  area  large,  not  narrowed  to  a  point  at  the  apex;  the  sides  and 
apex  smooth,  the  centre  with  four  or  five  stout,  oblique  keels.  Legs  densely 
covered  with  silvery  pubescence,  all  the  tarsi  rufo-testaceous,  the  calcaria  white; 
the  tibife  weakly  spinose.  Abdominal  petiole  stout,  not  dilated  at  the  apex  ;  the 
top  in  the  centre  raised,  the  sides  furrowed  near  the  base.      %  .     Length  b  mm. 

The  first  recurrent  nervure  is  received  the  length  of  the  second  abscissa  of  the 
radius  from  the  base  of  the  cellule.  Pygidium  smooth,  triangular.  The  antenna- 
are  as  long  as  the  bead  and  thorax  united  ;  the  flagellum  is  entirely  brown.  The 
base  of  the  metapleura^  is  almost  smooth,  the  rest  distinctly,  somewhat  strongly 
obliquely  striated. 

TKAN6.   AM.  ENT.  hOC  .  XXXIV.  (30)  JULY,  1908. 


234  p.    CAMERON. 

New  Mexico. 

This  species  is  closely  allied  to  P.  coloradoensis  described  above.  I 
at  first  thought  that  it  might  be  its  %  ;  but  the  interstitial  second 
recurrent  nervure  and  its  very  different  form  precludes  one  from 
regarding  them  as  the  sexes  of  one  species.  The  second  cubital 
cellule  is  smaller,  especially  behind,  than  it  is  in  coloradoensis ;  in 
the  latter  the  second  abscissa  of  the  cubitus  is  more  than  half  the 
length  of  the  third  ;  in  the  present  species  it  is  not  half  its  length. 

PEMPHREDONID^. 
Peniphretlon  tiiictipeniiis  sp.  nov. 

Black,  densely  covered  with  long  pale  pubescence;  wings  hyaline  to  the  trans- 
verse basal  nervure,  distinctly  tinged  with  fuscous  beyond,  iridescent,  the  nerv- 
ures  and  stigma  black;  abdominal  petiole  slightly  longer  than  the  dilated  apical 
part,  as  long  as  the  hind  coxse  and  trochanters  united,  stout,  curved,  above 
coarsely  rugosely  punctured,  the  apex  with  a  furrow  down  the  middle,  the  sides 
broadly  furrowed  down  the  centre,  the  furrow  clearly  defined  ;  the  pygidiuni 
triangular,  strongly,  closely  punctured  laterally,  the  middle  bordered  by  stout 
keels,  forming  an  area  of  equal  width,  with  three  round  fovese  in  the  centre. 
Apex  of  clypeus  broadly  rounded.  Ocelli  '.*,  close  together,  the  hinder  separa- 
ted from  each  other  by  about  half  the  distance  they  are  from  the  eyes.  Apex 
of  clypeus  broadly  rounded.  Metanotal  area  large,  covered  with  stout,  curved, 
mostly  longitudinal  strise,  which  become  finer  towards  the  apex.  Mesonotum 
closely,  finely,  transversely  striated  at  the  base,  the  rest  much  more  strongly 
transversely  striated  ;  mixed  with  punctures  in  the  middle  at  the  apex.  Clypeus 
with  fine,  clearly  separated  punctures.  Front  closely,  almost  rugosely  punc- 
tured, with  a  smoother,  semicircular  depression  over  the  antennse.  Pronotum 
and  mesonotum  closely  rugosely  punctured,  the  latter  with  a  fine  longitudinal 
furrow  down  the  sides;  the  scutellum  is  more  coarsely  punctured,  more  or  less 
striated  in  the  middle;  the  postscutellum  is  more  finely  punctured  ;  the  apical 
slope  of  tlie  metanotum  is  irregularly  punctured-striated  and  with  a  wide,  deep 
furrow  down  the  middle.  Propleurse  not  very  strongly  or  closely  punctured, 
striated  in  the  middle.  Mesopleurse  closely,  rugosely  punctured,  almost  reticu- 
lated in  front;  a  distinct,  curved,  crenulated  furrow  on  the  lower  basal  half. 
Metapleurse  almost  smooth  at  the  base,  the  middle  with  shallow,  distinctly  sepa- 
rated punctures,  the  apex  reticulated.  Ai>ex  of  middle  tibiae  with  reddish  spines 
at  the  apex  ;  the  hinder  with  a  few  shoit,  stumpy  black  sjiines.  Temples  wide, 
occiput  transverse.      9-     Length  11  mm. 

The  second  cubital  cellule  is  large,  almost  square,  receiving  the  recurrent 
nervure  at  the  apex  of  the  basal  fourth  ;  the  first  recurrent  nervure  is  received 
shortly  beyond  the  middle  of  the  cellule;  the  cubitus  behind  it  being  roundly 
curved  towards  the  costa.     The  abdomen  behind  the  petiole  is  longish-ovate. 

Arizona.     In  my  collection. 

This  species  I  at  first  concluded  might  be  P.  concolor  Say.     P. 

morio  Cress,   is  considered   by  Mr.  Cres.-ion  (Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc., 

1887,  p.  283,  supp.)  to  be  idiMilical  with   eo)U'olor ;  u  comparison  of 


AMERICAN    HYMENOPTERA.  235 

the  description  oi'  niorio  (Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  1865,  p.  486)  shows 
that  the  present  species  cannot  be  concolor ;  e.g.  in  that  species  the 
abdominar  petiole  is  one-half  of  the  rest  of  the  abdomen,  which  is 
called  "broadly  ovate";  in  tinctipennis  the  petiole  is  not  one-fourth 
of  the  length  of  the  abdomen,  which  is,  moreover,  longish  ovate. 

Passaloecus  niaiidibiilariis  Cress. 
Pemphredon  mandibularis  Cresson,  I'roc.  Ent.  Sue.  Phil.,  iv,  487. 

Three  Rivers,  California. 

^  BEMBBCID^. 

Monedula  <lenvereiisi!>i  sp.  nov. 

Lemon-yellow,  the  head  paler;  the  iipperside  of  the  flagellum  of  antenoa;.  the 
occiput  except  round  the  edged,  a  baud  on  the  outer  edge  of  the  vertex  behind 
the  ocelli  from  the  outer  edge  of  which  a  stripe  runs  down  near  to  the  antenna, 
its  upper  (and  smaller)  part  being  oblique,  narrowed  below,  the  lower  runs 
straight  down,  is  wider,  is  straight  on  the  outer  side,  roundly  narrowed  on  the 
inner,  a  large  mark  in  the  centre  of  the  pronotuni  at  the  base,  the  apex  of  which 
has  three  small  dilations,  a  narrow  line  runs  from  its  base  to  the  outer  edge,  the 
mesonotum  except  the  sides  and  two  longitudinal  lines  in  the  middle,  narrowed 
towards  the  apex  ;  a  broad  line,  dilated  laterally  on  the  apex  of  the  scutelluni,  a 
narrow  line  on  its  ape,s,  a  curved  line  on  the  base  of  metanotuni  from  the  outer 
edge  of  which  a  line  runs  obliquely  to  the  a})ex,  in  the  centre  of  which  the  two 
lines  unite,  a  line  down  the  apex  of  the  niesoplenrse,  a  line  down  the  base  of  the 
metapleurse,  this  line  being  prolonged  towards  the  middle  below,  the  basal  siojie 
of  the  first  abdominal  segment,  its  middle  at  the  apex  narrowed  into  a  huge 
squarish  mark,  with  the  outer  apical  edges  produced  outwardly,  the  base  of  the 
second,  third  and  fourth  segments  broadly,  the  line  on  the  second  shortly  dilated 
in  the  middle,  with  a  transverse  line,  more  than  three  times  its  length  at  the 
end;  the  line  on  the  third  is  broadly  dilated  in  the  middle,  this  part  having  a 
square  incision  in  the  middle  of  the  apex,  the  outer  edges  of  the  maik  being 
dilated  outwardly  at  the  apex,  a  broad  line,  roundly  incised  in  the  middle,  at  the 
apex  on  the  fourth  and  fifth,  the  apices  of  the  basal  three  segments  and  irregular 
bands  on  the  apices  of  the  third  to  fifth  apical  segments,  black  ;  the  centre  of  the 
second  dorsal  behind  the  transverse  line,  the  apical  half  of  the  third  and  irregu- 
lar spots  in  the  centre  of  the  fourth  and  fifth  rufous.  liCgs  of  a  brighter  yellow 
color  than  the  body,  the  basal  half  of  the  femora  broadly  black  above.  Wings 
clear  hyaline,  the  uervures  and  stigma  fulvous.      9  •     Length  14  mm. 

Head  and  thorax  covered  with  white  pubescence,  that  on  the  bead  the  longer. 
A  longish,  wide  furrow  above  the  ocellus,  which  is  bordered  and  longer  than 
wide,  rounded  behind.  Upper  part  of  the  body  closely,  minutely  punctured. 
Second  cubital  cellule  square,  of  equal  width,  the  nervures  parallel.  Pygidium 
strongly,  distinctly,  but  not  very  closely  punctured.  Wings  as  long  as  the  head 
and  thorax  united. 

Denver,  Colorado. 

This  species  is  related  to  M.  speciosa  Cress.  The  differences  be- 
tween the  two  may  be  expressed  thus : 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC  XXXIV.  JULY,  1908. 


236  p.    CAMERON. 

A  U-shaped  mark  on  mesoiiottiin,  alar  iiervnrns  l)lack ;  the  second  cubital 
cellule  narrowed  in  front,  ocellus  in  a  large  depression  with  obliquely 
sloped  sides,  the  furrow  above  it  narrow;  breast  with  two  large  black 
marks,  the  narrowed  apical  part  of  the  black  band  on  the  basal  abdo- 
minal segment  narrowed  to  a  point  at  the  apex.    ■  •  NpeciOMa  Cress. 

Two  yellow  lines  on  mesonotum,  not  united  at  the  apex,  the  alar  nervures 
fulvous;  the  second  cubital  cellule  not  narrowed  in  front;  square, 
ocellus  not  in  a  large  depression,  the  upper  furrow  wide,  deep,  breast 
immaculate,  the  apex  of  the  black  mark  on  first  abdominal  segment 
not  narrowed,  its  sides  projecting  outwardly deiiTf  reiisis. 

Monedula  speciosa  Cress. 

Black;  the  clypeus,  labrum,  mandibles  except  at  the  apex,  a  narrow  line  on 
the  outer  orbits,  the  face  except  for  two  oblique  lines  on  the  top,  extending  to  the 
middle,  these  lines  being  roundly  nariowed  on  the  innerside  at  the  base  and 
rounded  at  the  apex,  the  prothorax  except  broadly  at  the  base  and  for  a  lateral 
line,  roundly  narrowed  above,  a  short  line  at  the  tegulse,  an  interrupted  broad 
line  on  the  scutellum,  a  narrow  curved  line  on  the  postscutellum,  an  irregular, 
narrow,  more  or  less  interrupted,  line  round  the  apex  of  metanotum,  a  large 
broad  mark,  covering  the  mesopleurse,  exce])t  for  a  triangular  mark  in  the  centre 
of  the  apex  below,  a  narrow  line  on  the  apex  above  and  a  line  round  the  poste- 
rior part  of  the  tubercles,  the  breasts,  the  metapleurse  except  the  base  and  a  broad 
line  behind  and  below  the  spiracles,  the  yellow  at  the  apex  extending  irregularly 
on  to  the  metanotum,  a  large  mark,  roundly  narrowed  on  the  innerside,  on  the 
sides  of  the  first  abdominal  segment,  a  larger  mark,  not  narrowed,  on  the  second, 
a  narrower,  shorter  one  on  the  third  ;  a  shorter,  slightly  broader  one  on  the 
fourth  and  fifth,  an  irregular  spot,  one-third  the  length  of  that  on  the  fifth,  on 
the  sixth,  the  apical  third  of  the  seventh,  two  separated  transverse  marks  on 
the  centre  of  the  second  and  third,  two  united  ones  on  the  fourth  and  fifth,  a 
triangular  one  on  the  sixth,  the  greater  part  of  the  first  ventral,  an  irregular 
large  bisinuated  mark  along  the  sides  of  the  second,  the  apex  prolonged  to  near 
the  centre,  a  triangular  mark  on  the  sides  of  the  third,  an  irregular  mark  on  the 
fourth  and  a  smaller  regular  one  of  equal  width  on  the  sixth,  yellow.  Legs 
yellow,  the  femora  with  a  broad  black  line  above;  the  apical  joint  of  the  four 
anterior  tarsi  and  the  apical  four  of  the  hinder,  black.  Wings  hyaline,  the  nerv- 
ures black.      %  .     Length  23  mm. 

On  the  middle  femora  there  is  a  basal  spine,  followed  by  three  larger  ones,  of 
which  the  middle  is  the  stouter  and  longer  and  it  is  bifid  at  the  apex  ;  following 
these  are  three  shorter,  thinner  teeth,  which  become  successively  shorter.  The 
basal  three  joints  of  the  fore  tarsi  are  of  equal  width  ;  the  fourth  is  .shoiter  and 
dilated  on  the  innerside;  the  last  is  as  long  as  the  preceding  three  united,  is 
greatly  dilated,  becoming  gradually  widened  from  the  base  to  the  apex,  which  is 
almost  transverse;  the  inner  claw  is  roundly  dilated  on  the  inner  basal  half. 
Basal  half  of  pygidium  punctured  closely  and  strongly,  the  apex  smooth  ;  the 
segment  is  broad  at  the  base  and  becomes  gradually  roundly  narrowed  to  a  blunt, 
rounded  point.     The  apical  half  of  the  central  spine  of  the  armature  is  white. 

The  flagellum  of  antennae  is  entirely  black  ;  the  scape  clear  yellow.  Tibiae  dis- 
tinctly spinose  ;  the  spine  on  the  apex  of  the  middle  is  brown,  stout.  Basal  joint 
of  middle  tarsi  broadly,  roundly  incised;  at  the  base  of  the  incision  are  three 
long,  stout  spines,  the  apical  the  larger.     There  is  a  narrow,  not  deep,  incision  at 


AMERICAN    HYMENOPTKRA,  237 

the  base  of  the  anterior  metatarsus;  it  is  fringed  below  with  long  white  hair; 
the  other  joints  have  white  spines  on  both  sides;  this  being  also  the  case  with 
the  other  legs.  I  should  think  that  the  femoral  spines  vary  in  number  and 
form;  they  are  not  the  same  in  the  same  specimen.  The  wings  are  not  twice 
longer  than  the  thorax.     Second  ventral  segment  not  dentate. 

Fedor,  Texas. 

Characteristic  is  the  flat  dilated  apical  joint  of  the  fore  tarsi,  with 
the  peculiar  dilated  inner  claw.  As  the  structural  peculiarities  of 
the  male  have  not  been  described  by  American  writers,  the  al)Ove 
description  may  be  useful  in  helping  to  identify  the  species,  which, 
so  far  as  coloration  is  concerned,  is  very  variable. 

Benibe.v   spinolie  Lep. 
Sapello  Canon,  Las  Vegas,  New  Mexico;    Berkeley,  Colorado; 
Three  Rivers,  California. 

Steiiiola  scolopacea  Hand. 
Huachuca  Mountains,  Arizona. 

iliteniola  obliqua  Cress. 
Durango,  Colorado. 

Beinbidula  veiitrali!$  S:iy. 
Sapello  Canon,  New  Mexico. 

SCOLIID.^. 
^^^lesia  (.Myziiie)  nigropilosella  sp.  nov. 
Black,  densely  covered  all  over  with  black  pubescence,  the  wings  uniformly 
dark  fuscous-violaceous,  the  uervures  and  stigma  black  ;  the  head,  protliorax 
and  mesothorax  strongly,  but  not  closely  punctured,  the  front  more  closely  and 
rugosely  than  the  vertex,  the  median  segment  much  more  closely,  strongly  ru- 
gosely  punctured  ;  the  mesonotum  and  scutellum  with  only  large,  scattered  punc- 
tures; the  centre  of  the  former  raised  slightly,  the  raised  part  bordered  by  a 
crenulated  furrow,  the  centre  with  a  furrow  formed  of  deep  punctures,  close 
together;  the  sides,  except  at  the  base  and  apex,  are  bordered  by  an  almost 
impunctate  furrow;  the  part  between  these  and  the  tegulaj  smooth.  Clypeus 
raised  in  the  centre,  narrowed  towards  the  apex,  whicli  is  depressed  and  tian.«- 
verse;  the  puncturation  deep,  the  punctures  large,  clearly  separated.  Sides  of 
metanotum  broadly  rounded,  the  centre  depressed.  Abdomen  smooth,  shining. 
Pleurse,  except  the  lower  part  of  the  n\etapk'ura'.  strongly,  closely  punctured. 
The  second  and  third  abscissae  of  radius  almost  equal  in  length  ;  the  lower  part 
of  first  transverse  cubital  nervure  straight,  hullated  at  its  Junction  with  the 
cubitus;  the  first  recurrent  nervure  is  received  shortly  beyond,  the  second  more 
distinctly  behind  the  middle  of  the  cellule  ;  the  third  transverse  cubital  nervure 
roundly  curved.     Tarsi  tinged  with  brown.      9-     Length  16  mm. 

Gallinas  Canon,  New  Mexico  (Oslar). 

TBANfc     A.M.   KNT.  .SOC.  XXXIV.  -  JULY.   1908 


238  p.    CAMERON. 

^    Plesia  graiiadaeiisis  sp.  nov. 

Black,  with  the  following  yellow  markings;  two  almost  united  marks  over  the 
antennse,  broadly  rounded  above  and  narrowed  there  to  a  blunt  point  which 
reaches  close  to  the  line  on  the  orbits,  a  line  on  the  inner  orbits,  commencing 
shortly  above  the  eyes  and  distinctly  dilated  below,  the  two  not  converging 
above,  a  line  on  the  outer  orbits,  commencing  in  the  centre,  and  running 
obliquely  to  the  eyes,  an  elongated  oval,  oblique  mark  on  the  sides  of  pronotum 
at  the  base,  the  lower  side  of  the  mark  straight,  narrowed  and  produced,  the 
apex  of  the  pronotum,  a  transverse  mark,  narrowed  behind,  in  the  centre  of  the 
of  the  niesonotum,  a  short  one,  narrowed  towards  the  base,  at  the  sides,  close  to 
the  tegulffi,  postscutelluni,  a  line  on  the  sides  of  the  apical  three-fourths  of  the 
metanotuni,  narrowed  towaids  the  base  and  united  at  the  apex  to  a  siniiiai'  mark 
on  the  apex  of  the  metapleurge,  a  lougish  line  on  the  base  of  the  mesopleura?, 
rounded  above,  gradually  narrowed  on  the  lowerside;  two  marks,  slightly  longer 
than  wide,  gradually  narrowed  at  the  base,  from  above  downwards,  the  lower 
part  narrowed  to  a  blunt  point,  on  the  sides  of  the  first  abdominal  segnient,  two 
curved  transverse  marks,  widened  on  the  inner  sides,  the  apical  edge  irregular 
and  nearly  twice  the  length  of  the  apex  of  the  basal  marks  on  the  sides  of  the 
second  and  bands  on  the  base  of  the  following  three  segments,  narrowed  in  the 
middle,  and  becoming  successively  narrower,  the  third  line  being  not  one-fourth 
of  the  length  of  the  first ;  a  small  spot  on  the  sides  of  the  second  ventral  and  two 
broad  lougish  lines  on  the  third  ;  the  apex  of  the  clypeus,  the  mandibles,  except 
at  the  apex,  and  the  sides  and  the  apex  of  the  pygidium  are  rufous.  Legs  black, 
the  tibia;  reddish  on  the  onterside,  the  anterior  with  a  larger  yellow  line  in 
front;  they  are  covered  with  long  white  hair,  the  calcaria  being  also  white. 
Wings  hyaline,  iridescent,  the  radial  and  the  fore  part  of  the  cubital  cellules 
smoky;  the  uervures  and  stigma  black.      9  .     Length  8  mm. 

Head,  thorax  and  base  of  abdomen  thickly  covered  with  long  white  hair,  shin- 
ing ;  the  front  and  vertex  strongly  and  closely,  the  mesonotuni  and  scutelluni 
nearly  as  strongly,  but  not  so  closely,  punctured  ;  the  metanotum  aciculated, 
irregularly  punctured  in  the  middle;  the  apical  slope  almost  smooth,  more 
shining  than  the  rest.  Propleurse  and  metapleurse,  except  above,  closely, 
obliquely  and  somewhat  strongly  punctured  ;  the  mesopleurse  strongly,  but  not 
closely,  punctured.  Abdomen  shining,  punctured,  weakly  at  the  base,  more 
strongly  towards  the  apex.  Pygidium  strongly,  regularly  longitudinally  striated. 
Apex  of  antennal  scape  reddish,  tinged  with  yellow;  the  flagellum  reddish- 
brown  below. 

What  is  doubtless  the  %  is  of  the  same  size  and  is  fiom  the  same  locality  ;  the 
clypeus,  mandibles,  except  at  the  apex,  the  lower  half  of  the  inner  orbits,  a 
curved  mark  over  the  antennse,  two  broad,  curved  lines  almost  touching  above 
on  the  base  of  the  prothorax,  its  apex  somewhat  broadly,  a  large  maik  on  the 
apex  of  the  scutellum,  transverse  at  the  base,  rounded  at  the  apex,  postscu- 
telluni, a  broad  line  on  the  sides  of  the  apex  of  the  metanotum,  broadly  dilated 
below  on  to  the  pleurse,  base  of  mesopleurie  broadly,  a  conical  mark  on  the  apex 
below,  the  apices  of  the  basal  six  abdominal  segments  above  and  marks  on  the 
sides  of  the  ventral,  bright  lemon-yellow.  Legs  bright  lemon-yellow,  the  coxse, 
trochanters  and  base  of  femora  broadly — the  postericjr  femora  less  broadly  than 
the  others — black.  Wings  liyaline,  the  stigma  testaceous,  the  nervures  black. 
Strongly,  closely  punctured,  the    metathorax  more  closely  and  regulaily  than 


AMERICAN    HYMENOPTERA.  239 

the  mesonotum;  the  abdomen  shining,  imptinctRte.  The  incision  on  the  apical 
abdominal  segment  is  rounded  at  the  base  and  is  clearly  longer  than  it  is  wide 
at  the  apex.  The  apex  of  the  hind  tibi»  broadly  and  of  the  tarsal  joints  nar- 
rowly are  rufous. 

Granada,  Nicaragua  (Baker). 

This  species  cannot  readily  be  confounded  with  any  of  the 
recorded  Central  American  species. 

— '  Plesia  fulvinepvis  sp.  nov. 

Black  ;  a  broad  irregular  transverse  band  on  the  front  above  the  antennae,  from 
the  outer  edge  of  which  a  line,  half  the  width,  runs  along  the  orbits  to  shortly 
beyond  the  eyes,  the  pronotum,  except  for  an  oblique  black  line  on  the  sides  of 
the  basal  slope,  the  yellow  extending  broadly  on  to  the  base  of  the  pleurse,  a 
a  large  mark,  longer  than  wide,  transverse  at  the  base,  roundly,  broadly  nar- 
rowed at  the  apex,  a  broad  transverse  mark  on  the  scutellum,  transverse  at  the 
base,  the  apex  broadly  rounded,  a  broad  line  opposite  the  tegulse,  rounded  and 
narrowed  at  the  base,  postscutellum,  the  base  of  the  scutellar  keels,  a  longitudi- 
nal mark,  half  on  the  basal,  half  on  the  apical  slope  of  the  metanotuni,  narrowed 
to  a  sharp  point  at  the  base  and  apex,  a  large  mark  on  the  sides  of  metanotum 
and  apex  of  metapleurse,  the  part  on  the  metanotum  being  largely,  triangularly 
produced  above  beyond  the  outer,  a  large  mark  on  the  base  of  the  mesoi)leurae, 
the  upper  apical  half  dilated,  a  broad  band  on  the  apical  half  of  the  first  abdo- 
minal segment,  not  extending  to  the  extreme  apex  which  is  black,  the  second 
and  third  segments  except  at  the  apex,  a  broad  band,  dilated  laterally  at  the 
apex,  in  the  centre  of  the  fourth,  the  fifth,  except  narrowly  and  irregularly  at 
the  apex,  the  sides  of  the  second  ventral  broadly,  a  large  mark  on  the  sides  of  the 
third,  the  second  almost  meeting  in  the  centre  and  dilated  laterally  at  the  apex, 
and  somewhat  similar,  but  more  irregular  marks,  on  the  fourth,  bright  lemon- 
yellow.  Legs  black,  the  apex  of  the  fore  femora  broadly  below,  the  fore  tibiae  in 
front,  except  at  the  apex,  the  middle  tibije  more  broadly  in  front  and  the  middle 
of  the  posterior  yellow;  the  calcaria  and  tarsal  spines  white;  the  apices  of  the 
tarsal  joints  red.  Wings  hyaline,  slightly  fulvous  in  front  at  the  apex,  the  nerv- 
ures  and  stigma  fulvous;  the  second  abscissa  of  the  radius  distinctly  longer  than 
the  basal  or  apical,  the  latter  being  slightly  longer  than  the  apical;  the  first  re- 
current nervure  is  received  distinctly  beyond  the  middle,  the  second  at  the  apex 
of  the  basal  third  of  the  cellule.      9  •     Length  13-14  mm. 

Head,  thorax  and  base  of  abdomen  covered  with  long  white  hair;  the  hair  on 
oral  region  and  apex  of  mandibles  rufous.  Head,  prothorax  and  mesothorax 
strongly  and  somewhat  closely  punctured;  the  base  of  metanotum  strongly, 
irregularly,  the  apical  slope  more  closely,  regularly  and  finely  transversely  stri- 
ated. Base  and  upper  part  of  propleurte  finely,  closely,  obliquely  striated,  meso- 
pleurse  strongly  punctured;  the  metapleurse  weakly,  irregularly  obliquely  stri- 
ated. The  second,  third  and  fourth  abdominal  segments  are  s|iarsely,  weakly 
punctured  in  the  middle;  the  pygidium  closely,  regularly  longitudinally  striated. 

Oslar,  Berkeley  Co.,  Colorado. 

May  be  known  readily  from  P.  spllonota  by  the  fulvous  colored  alar 
nervures,  by  the  middle  abscissa  of  the  radius  l)eing  distinctly  longer 
than  the  others,  and  by  the  wings  not  being  broadly  fuscous  in  front. 

TEANS.   AM.    KNT.  SOC.   XXXIV.  JULY.   1908. 


240  p.    CAMERON. 

Plesia  spiloiiola  sp.  nov. 

Black  ;  a  narrow  line  on  tlie  inner  orbits,  commencing  opposite  the  autenufe 
and  continued  shortly  beyond  the  eyes,  a  large  band  on  the  sides  of  the  pre  notnm 
above  the  basal  slope,  roundly  narrowed  behind,  transverse  in  front,  a  large  mark 
in  the  middle  of  the  mesonotum,  its  base  roundly  incised,  its  sides  straight, 
oblique,  narrowed  towards  the  apex,  a  broad  line  opposite  the  tegulse,  postscutel- 
lum,  a  mark  on  the  centre  of  the  basal  half  of  the  metanotum,  the  base  slightly 
projecting  in  the  middle  behind,  gradually,  roundly  narrowed,  the  apex  pro- 
duced into  a  narrow  point,  half  the  length  of  the  dilated  base,  a  broad  line  on 
the  apical  three-fourths  of  the  sides,  its  outerside  straight,  the  inner  rounded, 
gradually  narrowed  towards  the  top,  from  near  the  apicnl  pa  it  another  line  runs 
obliquely  upwards  to  shortly  above  its  middle;  this  part  becomes  gradually 
obliquely  narrowed  towards  the  top;  the  lower  i)art  of  both  is  broadly,  roundly 
incised;  a  large  broad  line  on  the  base  of  the  mesopleurae.  extending  below  the 
middle,  the  top  bluntly  rounded  above;  from  there  it  becomes  gradually  widened 
to  a  blunt  point,  from  which  it  becomes  gradually  narrowed  below,  this  lower 
narrowed  part  being  longer  than  the  upper,  two  large  irregular  marks,  dilated  on 
the  innerside  at  the  base,  two  large  marks  on  the  sides  of  the  second  segment, 
occupying  the  basal  two-thirds,  roundly  narrowed  on  the  innerside  and  united 
at  the  base  by  a  straight  line,  a  line  on  the  basal  half  of  the  third,  with  a  broad, 
shallow  incision  in  the  middle  and  similar  bands  on  the  following  two  segments, 
less  deeply  incised  in  the  middle,  a  longitudinal  line  on  the  second  ventral  and 
broad  transverse  lines  on  the  sides  of  the  following  two  segments,  bright  lemon- 
yellow.  Legs  black,  a  large  yellow  mark  on  the  base  of  the  hinder  coxae:  the 
tarsi  are  for  the  greater  part  rufous.  Wings  almost  hyaline,  the  radial  and  cubi- 
tal cellules  smoky,  the  nervures  and  stigma  black.      J  •     Length  16  mm. 

Head,  prothorax  and  mesothorax,  base,  sides  and  ventral  surface  of  abdomen 
and  the  legs  covered,  but  not  thickly,  with  long  white  hair,  the  tarsal  spines 
tinged  with  rufous;  the  calcana  white.  Apex  of  clypeus  fringed  with  short  red 
hair.  Head  closely  and  strongly  punctured,  the  face  and  clypeus  less  strongly 
than  the  rest.  Pronotum  strongly,  coarsely  punctured  ;  the  propleurse  closely, 
uniformly,  strongly  obliquely  striated  ;  the  base  and  apical  two-thirds  of  the 
middle  lobe  of  the  meson(jtum  smooth;  the  base  of  the  latter,  the  lateial  lobes, 
except  at  the  base  and  the  scutellum,  except  in  the  centre  at  the  base,  strongly, 
but  not  closely  punctured.  Postscutellum  smooth.  Metanotum  strongly  acicu- 
lated.  the  apex  sparsely  punctured.  Mesopleurse  strongly  punctured.  Meta- 
pleurje,  except  at  the  base,  closely  obliquely  striated.  Basal  three  abdominal  seg- 
ments smooth  in  the  middle,  the  sides  sparsely  punctured  ;  the  apical  are  more 
strongly  punctured  all  over;  the  pygidium  closely  strongly  striated,  except  round 
the  edges,  which  are  rufous.  The  basal  abscissa  of  the  radius  is  slightly  longer 
than  the  others,  which  are  almost  equal  in  length  ;  the  first  recurrent  nervure  is 
received  shortly  beyond,  the  second  shortly  behind  the  middle. 

0.slar,  Galliiuis  Canon,  New  Mexico. 

MUTILLID^. 

Diiiiorplioinutilla  ?  belizoii$«is  sp.  nov. 

Black  ;  the  entire  body  and  legs  densely  covered  with  long  white  hair,  the  cal- 

caria  white,  the  tarsal  spines  blackish;  wings  fuscous-violaceous,  the  nervures 

and  stigma  black;  the  radius  roundly  curved,  not  reaching  half-way,  between 


AMERICAN    HYMENOPTERA.  241 

the  stigma  and  the  apex;  the  radial  cellule  foriniii};  almost  a  semi-circle;  the 
first  transverse  buUated  below,  obliquely  sloped,  more  so  than  the  second,  which 
is  as  stout  as  it ;  the  others  are  faint,  thin.  Head  distinctly,  but  not  closely  or 
strongly  punctured;  the  front  finely  furrowed  down  the  middle.  Antennal 
tubercles  large,  bare,  shining.  Mandibles  slightly  reddish  near  tlie  middle. 
Thorax  more  strongly,  but  not  any  more  closely  punctured  than  the  head  ;  more 
sparsely  at  the  apex  of  the  mesonotum  in  the  middle.  Scutelhini  rugosely  punc- 
tured. Metanotum  reticulated.  Propleurse  impunctate,  bare  below  ;  the  meso- 
pleurae  distinctly  punctured,  except  at  the  apex,  which  is  smooth,  bare  and  shin- 
ing, as  is  also  the  base  of  metapleurse,  the  rest  of  the  latter  being  reticulated,  but 
not  so  strongly  as  the  metanotum.  Abdomen  shining,  smooth  ;  the  basal  two 
segments  sparsely,  the  others  thickly  covered  with  long  white  hair;  the  apical 
having  also  some  black  ones  in  the  middle ;  the  pygidiuni  is  more  opaque,  rougher 
and  brownish  at  the  apex.      %  .     Length  5  mm. 

Antennal  scape  punctured,  not  hollowed  below,  as  long  as  the  following  two 
joints  united  ;  the  third  joint  narrowed  at  the  base;  not  quite  as  long  as  the 
fourth.  There  is  no  distinct  areola  on  the  base  of  metanotum.  The  abdominal 
petiole  becomes  gradually  wider  from  the  base  to  the  apex,  which  is  not  clearly 
separated  from  the  base  of  the  second  ;  the  segments  are  not  keeled  in  the  mid- 
dle. Eyes  shining,  not  strongly  facetted,  ovate  ;  there  is  a  distinct  malar  space. 
Head,  rounded  in  front,  transverse  behind,  the  angles  rounded. 

Belize  (I.  D.  Johustou). 

ICHNEUMONID^. 

ICHNEUMONINI. 

^     Icliiieunion  clariiiiouUs  sp.  nov. 

Black,  with  the  following  parts  red  :  the  base  of  the  post-petiole  and  the  rest 
of  the  abdomen,  a  large  squarish  mark  in  the  centre  of  the  mesonotum,  extend- 
ing beyond  the  apex  of  the  tegulse  and  with  the  sides  continued  as  moderately 
broad  lines  to  near  the  base,  the  second  lateral  arese  on  the  metanotum,  the 
greater  part  of  middle  femora,  of  the  hind  coxte,  the  hinder  femora  and  the 
apical  half  of  the  hind  tibife;  bright  yellow  are:  the  clypeus,  labrum,  mandibles, 
except  at  apex,  the  upper  and  inner  orbits,  the  lower  and  the  lower  part  of  tlu- 
outer  shortly,  a  line  on  the  upper  part  of  prothorax,  two  spots  on  the  lower  edge, 
tegulse,  tubercles,  the  centre  of  the  mark  on  the  pronotum,  the  greater  part  of 
the  scutellum.  apex  of  areola,  the  second  lateral  arese,  the  spiracular,  except  at 
the  base,  the  apices  of  the  abdominal  segments,  the  ventral  keel,  the  four  ante- 
rior legs,  except  the  femora,  the  apex  of  the  hind  coxte,  trochanters  and  the  base 
of  the  hind  coxae  broadly  black  below.  Antenna-  black,  the  scape  yellow,  black 
above.  Wings  hyaline,  the  costa  and  nervures  black,  the  stigma  dark  fulvous. 
%  .     Length  15  mm. 

Antennae  distinctly  tapering  towards  the  apex,  not  serrate.  Head,  thorax  and 
coxfe  densely  covered  with  white  pubescence,  closely,  but  not  strongly  punctured, 
except  over  each  antennte,  where  there  is  a  smooth,  bare,  shining  depression,  the 
metanotum  more  strongly  punctured  than  the  rest,  the  posterior  median  area 
coarsely,  closely  transversely  striated.  Areola  large,  horse-shoe  shaped,  longer 
than  wide,  the  base  transverse  in  the  middle,  the  apex  rounded  inwardly.  Post- 
petiole  dejiressed  in  the  centre,  closely,  somewhat  strongly  striated  :  the  sides 
sparsely  punctured   on   the  inner,  striated   on   the   outerside.     Gastrjeceli  deep. 

TBANS.   AM.   KNT.  SOC  .  XXXIV.  (31)  JULY,  1908. 


i 


242  p.    CAMERON. 

striated  strongly,  black  in  tlie  centre.  Tarsi  closely,  stoutly  spinose.  There  is  a 
minute  stump  on  the  disco-cubital  nervure  and  a  long  one  on  the  recurrent, 
which  is  received  shortly  beyond  the  middle. 

Clareraont,  California  (Baker). 

The  basal  lateral  arese  of  the  metanotuin  are  separated ;  the  basal 
is  punctured  distinctly,  the  apical  is  closely  strongly  transversely 
striated.  There  are  black  lines  on  the  base  of  the  middle  segments 
of  the  abdomen. 

Pseiidainblyteles  orinsbyensis  sp.  nov. 

Rufous;  the  front  and  vertex  broadly  in  the  middle,  the  occiput,  the  flagellum 
of  antennae,  the  scape  above,  the  lower  half  of  prothorax  and  the  pronotum  at 
the  base,  a  line  round  the  mesonotum,  the  parts  surrounding  the  scutellums,  a 
line  at  the  base  of  the  thii'd,  fourth  and  fifth  abdominal  segments,  not  extending 
to  the  outer  edges,  the  breasts,  the  upper  part  of  the  mesopleurte,  the  lower  more 
narrowly,  the  base  still  more  narrowly,  and  the  base  and  lower  part  of  meta- 
pleurse,  broadly,  black  ;  the  face,  clypeus,  greater  part  of  mandibles,  a  line  on  the 
inner  orbits,  edged  on  the  innerside  with  red  ;  base  of  pronotum,  a  triangular 
spot  on  its  apex  above,  tubercles,  base  of  tegulse  and  scutellum,  bright  yellow. 
Legs  colored  like  the  body,  the  four  anterior  coxse  and  trochanters  largely  tinged 
with  yellow;  the  apex  of  the  hind  femora,  of  the  tibise  more  broadly  and  the 
apical  joint  of  their  tarsi,  black.  Wings  hyaline,  suffused  with  fuscous,  the  costa 
and  stigma  fulvous,  the  nervures  black.      % .     Length  13  mm. 

Areola  about  one-fourth  wider  than  long,  of  equal  width,  transverse  at  the 
base,  slightly  rounded  inwardly  at  the  apex,  the  lateral  area;  appearing  separated 
from  the  basal,  being  much  less  strongly  punctured  than  the  apical.  Head, 
thorax  and  coxa-  densely  covered  with  pale  pubescence,  closely  punctured,  the 
metanotum  more  strongly  than  the  rest,  the  sides  of  the  areola  closely,  finely 
obliquely  striated;  the  postei-lor  median  area  closely  rugosely  punctured,  the 
lateral  apical  arese  stoutly  striated  ;  the  spiracular  somewhat  closely,  strongly, 
obliquely  striated.  Post-petiole  finely,  closely  striated  in  the  middle,  the  sides 
stoutly  punctured.     Gastrieoeli  and  the  space  between  stoutly  striated. 

Orrasby  Co.,  Nevada;  July  (Baker). 

The  transverse  median  nervure  is  received  beyond  the  transverse 
basal ;  the  disco  cubital  has  a  long  stump.  Apical  joints  of  an- 
tennae serrate.      Temples  long,  sharply  oblique. 

Pseudambly  teles  peroral  us  sp.  nov. 

Black;  the  second  and  third  abdominal  segments,  almost  the  apical  half  of  the 
fourth,  the  apex  of  the  penultimate  and  the  last,  ferruginous  ;  the  legs  of  a  paler 
ferruginous,  the  coxae,  trochanters,  the  apex  of  hind  tibife  broadly,  the  apex  of 
the  basal  joint  of  the  hind  tarsi  narrowly  and  the  greater  part  of  the  otheis 
black.  Wings  hyaline,  the  stigma  testaceous,  the  nervuies  black.  %.  Length 
8  mm. 

Face  opaque,  inipunctate,  the  clypeus  smoother  and  more  shining.  Labruin 
rufous      Palpi  dark  testaceous,  darker  at  the  base.     Front  and  vertex  weakly, 


AMERICAN    HYMENOPTERA.  24o 

indistinctly  punctured.  Protborax  and  mesotliorax  weakly,  liut  distinctly  punc- 
tured, the  punctures  clearly  punctured,  Metanotuni  more  opaque,  sha^reened, 
the  apical  slope  almost  transversely  striated  ;  the  areola  horse-shoe  shaped,  as 
ioug  as  wide,  the  apex  slightly  turned  inwardly.  Post-petiole  somewhat  strongly 
closely  longitudinally  striated.  Areolet  five-angled,  the  recurrent  nervure  re- 
ceived shortly  beyond  the  middle;  transverse  median  nervure  received  shortly 
beyond  the  transverse  basal;  disco-cubital  unbroken.  Flagellum  of  antenna' 
brownish  below. 

Orrasby  Co.,  Nevada  (Baker). 

Ceyptin.k. 
STICTOCRYI'Trs  gen.  nov. 

Wings  fuscous,  fasciate  with  yellow  ;  the  transverse  median  nerv- 
ure in  hind  wings  broken  below  the  middle ;  areolet  square,  not 
narrowed  in  front,  angled  below,  the  radial  cellule  small;  disco- 
cubital  nervure  unbroken.  Metanotum  rugosely  punctured  and 
irregularly  striated;  there  are  two  distinct  transverse  keels;  the 
spiracles  are  about  three  times  longer  than  wide.  Abdominal 
petiole  long,  in  9  slightly,  in  ^  hardly  dilated  at  the  apex;  curved. 
Antennae  in  9  short,  dilated  beyond  the  middle,  the  third  joint  as 
long  as  the  fourth  ;  in  S  slightly  longer  than  it,  longer  and  more 
narrowed  ;  in  l)oth  sexes  they  are  orange-yellow  at  the  base,  black 
at  the  apex.  Head  lengthened  in  front ;  malar  space  long;  clypeus 
separated  ;  labrum  large ;  temples  wide,  obliquely  narrowed.  Body 
blue,  immaculate.  The  median  segment  has  an  oblique  slope.  The 
transverse  median  nervure  is  received  almost  behind  the  transverse 
basal. 

Allied  to  Joppidium  Walsh.  Characteristic  are  the  blue,  strongly 
punctured  body,  dark  wings  with  wide  fascia,  strongly  reticulated- 
striated  metanotum  with  two  keels  and  steeply  sloped  apex,  short 
square  areolet,  short  radial  cellule  and  slender  abdominal  petiole. 
The  9  of  the  latter  has  the  antennae  stouter  at  the  apex  than  it  is  in 
Joppidium,  but  in  the  males  of  the  two  genera  there  is  not  much 
difference  in  length  or  thickness  at  the  apex.  Joppidium  has  the 
apex  of  the  metanotum  rounded  ;  it  bears  only  one  keel,  and  the 
transverse  median  nervure  in  the  hind  wings  is  broken  at  the  mid- 
dle. There  is  not  much  difference  in  the  form  of  the  an  ten  nit  in 
the  two  genera.  In  Prof  Schmiedeknecht's  arrangement  (Oj)us. 
Ich.  416)  my  genus  runs  near  to  Osprijnchotus  and  Etha. 

Tvpe  Cnjptas  fasciatipxninis  Be.  from  Cuba. 

TRANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  JULY,   1908. 


244  p.    (CAMERON. 

I 

I  Hemitelini. 

■^   Olaciistes  iii§^ro-oi'iiatu»i  sp.  nov. 

Reddisl),  the  aiiteunge  paler;  the  basal  half  of  metanotum,  the  apical  slope 
broadly  in  the  middle  aud  the  fifth  aud  followiug  segments  of  the  abdomen 
black  ;  legs  colored  like  the  body,  the  hind  tibiae  and  tarsi  somewhat  infuscated  ; 
wings  hyaline,  a  band  as  wide  as  the  stigma,  narrowed  in  front,  on  eitherside  of 
the  transverse  basal  and  median  uervures,  and  a  wider  fuscous  cloud  commenc- 
ing near  the  base  of  the  stigma  (which  is  white)  and  ending  at  the  apex  of  the 
radius  and  with  a  small  hyaline  cloud  at  the  upper  half  of  the  apex  of  the 
stigma;  the  nervu  res  and  stigma,  except  at  the  base,  black.  9-  Length  5  mm. ; 
terebra  1  mm. 

Face  distinctly  shagreened,  the  clypeus  less  strongly  so,  clearly  separated  ;  the 
front  aud  vertex  distinctly  shagreened  ;  the  ocelli  in  a  triangle,  the  hinder  sepa- 
rated from  each  other  by  about  the  same  distance  as  they  are  from  the  eyes. 
Mandibles  largely  tinged  with  yellow.  Palpi  black.  Mesonotum  shagreened, 
darker  on  the  apical  half.  Metanotum  shagreened,  the  apical  slope  smooth  aud 
shining;  near  the  base  is  a  transverse  keel,  which  projects  backwards  in  a  trian- 
gle in  the  middle;  there  is  a  semicircular  keel  round  the  top  of  the  apical  slope, 
which  has  a  straight,  oblique  slope;  the  metapleurse  more  shining  and  smoother 
than  the  rest.  First  abdominal  segment  shagreened,  blackish  at  the  apex;  the 
second  less  strongly  and  the  third  still  more  weakly  shagreened  ;  the  others 
smooth  and  shining.  Basal  abscissa  of  radius  straight,  the  apical  (and  larger) 
curved  ;  the  cubitus  slopes  down  obliquely  to  unite  with  the  recurrent  nervure. 
Tiiere  are  at  least  nineteen  joints  in  the  antenna;;  the  apical  unfortunately  are 
missing;  the  elongated  basal  two  joints  of  the  antennae  are  equal  in  length  ;  the 
third  is  slightly  shorter. 

San  Mateo  Co.,  California  (Baker). 

Allied  to  0.  periliti  Aslini.,  from  the  District  of  Columbia. 

Phyg.-^deuonini. 
_^  Stiboscopus  erythi*u!i>toniu»  sp.  nov. 

Black  ;  the  antennse,  clypeus,  labrum,  mandibles  and  the  second  and  thiid  seg- 
ments of  the  abdomen,  red  ;  the  antennse  darker  colored  towards  the  apex  ;  the 
apical  segment  of  the  abdomen  white;  wings  hyaline,  the  stigma  and  nervuies 
fuscous;  tegulse  white.      J.     Length  5  mm.;  ovipositor  nearly  1  mm. 

Face  finely,  but  distinctly  punctured  in  the  centre;  the  clypeus  obscurely, 
finely  punctured  above,  the  rest  smooth  ;  the  front  and  vertex  shagreened.  The 
mesonotum  closely  punctured,  more  weakly  round  the  edges,  the  punctures  dis- 
tinctly separated  ;  the  scutellum  is  as  distinctly,  but  less  strongly,  jiunctured. 
Metanotum  opaque,  coarsely  shagreened,  almost  punctured.  Pieunv  closely 
punctured,  moi-e  closely  than  the  mesonotum,  almost  rugose.  Abdomen  clearly 
longer  than  the  head  and  thorax  united,  smooth,  shining,  the  middle  segments 
obscurely  shagreened  ;  the  ventral  surface  is  of  a  duller  red  than  the  top  band  ; 
the  ovipositor  distinctly  projects. 

Mountain.s  near  Claremout,  California  (Baker). 

This  species  agrees  very  well  with  the  definition  of  iStibo.iCopus 
given  by  Prof.  Schmiedeknecht  in  his  admirable  "Opuscula  Ichneu- 
monologia,"  p.  606,  but  differs  in  one  respect  from  that  of  Ashmead 


AMERICAN    HYMEXOPTERA.  245 

(Bull.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mu?.,  xxiii,  28),  in  that  the  transverse  median 
nervure  in  the  hind  wing  is  unbroked.  In  S.  latibalteatus  the  areola 
is  longish,  horse-shoe  shaped,  clearly  defined  ;  the  basal  area  and 
the  two  lateral  ones  are  distinct;  the  areolet  is  clearly  angled  in  the 
middle,  where  it  receives  the  recurrent  nervure.  The  antennte  are 
22-iointe(l ;  the  first  joint  of  the  fiagellum  is  a  little  longer  than  the 
second. 
O^  Batliyinetis  testaceicornis  sp.  nov. 

Black,  shininw,  the  antennte  reddish-testaceous,  the  te^uke  white;  the  sides 
of  the  second  abdominal  segnieut,  the  apex  narrowly  and  the  base  still  more  nar- 
rowly, the  apex  of  the  tliird  and  fourth  narrowly,  the  second  to  fourth  ventral 
and  the  legs  rufous;  the  wings  hyaline,  the  stigma  fuscous,  narrowly  white  at 
the  base,  the  nervures  darker  colored.      J  .     Length  4.5  mm. 

Head  shining,  covered  with  short  fuscous  pubescence;  closely  distinctly  punc- 
tured, the  punctures  clearly  separated,  the  face  less  strongly  than  the  front;  the 
clypens  smooth.  Prothorax  and  mesothorax  weakly,  closely  punctured,  the 
pleurfe  less  strongly  than  the  rest.  Metathorax  distinctly,  closely  punctured; 
the  apical  basal  arese  more  strongly  than  the  rest;  the  apex  round  the  edges 
above  striated,  the  striae  clearly  separated,  the  space  between  them  smooth  and 
shining.     Basal  segments  of  abdomen  weakly  punctured. 

Ormsby  Co.,  Nevada  ;  July  (Baker). 

The  areolet  is  angled  below  in  the  middle,  where  it  receives  the 

recurrent  nervure.    The  areola  is  comparatively  large,  slightly  longer 

than   wide,  horse  shoe  shaped,  the  apex  slightly  turned  inwardly. 

,     The  antennae  are  stout,  21-jointed. 

\ 
\  Campoplegini. 

-^ — ■  Kriboriis  ?  trianiiiilatus  sp.  nov. 

Black;  the  face  and  clypeus  densely  covered  with  silvery  pubescence;  the  legs 
rufous,  the  four  anterior  coxte.  trochanters  and  tarsi,  a  narrow  band  on  the  base 
of  the  hind  tibiae,  a  broad  one  in  the  centre  (equal  in  length  to  one-third  of  the 
tibise),  and  the  basal  joint  of  the  hind  tarsi  white,  the  rest  of  the  hind  tibiae  and 
tarsi  fuscous-black,  except  the  second  joint  of  the  hind  tarsi  narrowly  at  the  base 
and  apex,  where  it  is  paler.  Wings  hyaline,  the  stigma  fuscous,  the  nervures 
darker  colored.  The  middle  segment  of  the  abdomen  are  narrowly  lined  with 
pale  rufous  at  the  apex.      %  .     Length  3  nini. 

Facs  opaque,  finely  shagreeued,  as  are  also,  but  less  strongly,  the  front  and  ver- 
tex. Thorax  opaque,  the  metanotum  regularly  areolated,  the  areola  distinctly 
defined  above,  its  base  narrowed  obliquely  to  a  jtoint,  its  apex  open  ;  the  posterior 
median  area  rather  strongly,  closely,  transversely  striated.  Antennae  covered 
with  a  close  microscopic  pile;  the  first  joint  of  flageiluni  slightly,  but  distinctly 
longer  than  the  second.  Kadial  cellule  wide,  the  basal  abscissa  of  radius  oblique, 
not  half  the  length  of  the  second,  which  is  broadly,  roundly  curved  ;  the  trans- 
basal  nervure  interstitial ;  the  disco-cubital  nervure  is  rounded  ;  all  the  apical 
nervures  in  the  hind  wings  are  obsolete. 

Santa  Clara  Co.,  California  (Baker). 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  JULY.  1908. 


246  P-    CAMERON. 

JOphionin^. 
Pristonieridia  sulcata  sp.  nov. 

Rufous;  the  eye  orbits  and  basal  half  of  the  first  abdominal  segment  pallid 
yellow;  the  rest  of  the  first  segment,  the  second  and  third  above,  the  apex  of  the 
penultimate  and  almost  the  whole  of  the  last,  black.  Flagellum  of  antenna  fus- 
cous, darker  towards  the  apex.  Four  front  legs  pale  yellow,  the  hinder  pale 
rufous,  the  apex  of  the  femora  and  the  spine  pale  yellow,  the  basal  and  apical 
fifth  of  the  hind  femora  black,  the  tarsi  fuscous.  Wings  hyaline,  the  nervnres 
and  stigma  fuscous.      9  •     Length  6  mm. 

Shining,  impunctate,  glabrous,  the  apex  of  metanotum  distinctly,  transversely 
striated  beyond  the  keel ;  the  areola  fully  four  times  longer  than  wide,  rouiided 
at  the  base,  becoming  gradually  slightly  narrowed  towards  the  apex,  which  is 
transverse;  there  are  three  basal  arese,  the  central  small,  longer  than  wide,  the 
lateral  large,  wider  than  long  ;  the  sides  and  apex  of  the  metanotum  are  bordered 
by  a  keel.  Areolet  small,  oblique,  of  equal  width,  shortly  appendiculated. 
receiving  the  recurrent  nervure  at  the  apex.  Femoral  tooth  oblique,  twice 
longer  than  it  is  wide  at  tlie  base,  narrowed  towards  the  apex.  Ovipositor  pro- 
jecting, longer  than  the  last  segment,  broad.  Parapsidal  furrows  distinct.  TJiere 
is  also  an  oblique,  short  wide  furrow  on  the  base  of  the  mesosternum  on  the  sides. 

Chiiiandegas,  Nicaragua  (Baker). 

Ill  having  a  distinct  areolet  this  species  differs  from  typical  Fris- 

\  tomeridia. 

J\  Pristomeridia  nigro-oriiata  sp.  nov. 

Eufotestaceous,  the  sides  of  the  face,  clypeus.  orbits  narrowly  and  basal  half  of 
petiole,  pale  yellow;  the  ocellar  region,  middle  lobe  of  mesonotum,  metanotum, 
apex  of  first  abdominal  segment  and  the  greater  part  of  the  others,  black.  Legs 
pallid  yellow.  Wings  hyaline,  the  nervures  and  stigma  blackish;  there  is  no 
areolet;  the  transverse  cubital  nervure  is  short  and  thick;  from  it  the  cubitus 
slopes  down  obliquely.     Femoral  spine  short,  thick.      9  •     Length  6  mm. 

Smooth,  shining,  the  posterior  median  area  strongly,  closely,  transver.sely 
striated  ;  the  areola  obliquely  narrowed  to  a  sharp  point  at  the  base,  gradually 
narrowed  towards  the  apex,  where  the  keels  are  clearly  separated  ;  there  are 
three  basal  areas,  the  central  small,  triangular,  the  lateral  large,  longer  than 
wide,  six-angled,  half  the  width  at  the  base  as  it  is  at  the  apex,  where  it  is  longer 
on  the  outer  than  on  the  innerside;  there  are  two  lateral  areas;  the  basal  (four 
shorter)  at  the  apex  extends  below  the  middle.  The  basal  two  abdominal  seg- 
ments are  cylindrical,  the  apical  are  strongly  compressed. 

Belize  (I.  D.  Johnson). 


Trans.  Am.  Eut.  Soc,  Vol.  XXXIV. 


PI.  XVI. 


Fig.  ■2.  —  Iii)))ioHru}  a  hn-.nynstris.  after  Macquart. 


lM(..  \.- 1 1,  nil 


■  ■Iami,-i  I.  iihcilouiaph  ol   tin-  t\  p 


COCKERELL    ON    DIPTERA. 


AMERICAN    DIPTERA.  247 


THE    DIPTKROLTS    FAMILY    3fEMKSTRI  MD^. 

BY  T.  D.  A.  COCKERELh. 
(Plate  XVI). 
My  attention  was  first  called  to  the  Neniestrinida'  by  the  dis- 
covery of  a  beautifully  preserved  specimen  {Hirmoneura  vielanderi, 
fig.  4)  in  the  miocene  shales  of  Florissant,  Colorado.  A  second 
fossil  species  of  the  same  genus  was  found  among  some  Florissant 
material  collected  long  ago,  and  now  in  the  Museum  of  Yale  Uni- 
versity. Professor  A.  L.  Melander,  with  great  generosity,  loaned 
me  all  his  material  of  this  family,  representing  three  species  of 
Nemedrina  from  Turkestan,  two  of  Hhynehocephalus,  and  a  beauti- 
ful Hirmoneura  from  Texas.  The  last  was  recognized  by  him  as 
new,  and  it  is  with  his  kind  permission  that  I  describe  it.  Professor 
A.  P.  Morse  very  kindly  sent  me  particulars  about  Scudder's  tyj)e 
of  Palembolus ;  and  to  Dr.  L.  O.  Howard  and  his  associates  I  am 
indebted  for  copies  of  several  descriptions,  the  loan  of  specimens  of 
Bhynchocephulus  and  the  excellent  reproductions  of  the  figures  of 
R.  sackeni  and  Hirmoneura  brevirostris  ( figs.  2  and  3).  The  photo- 
graph of  the  type  of  IT.  melander'i  was  made  at  the  American 
Museum  of  Natural  History,  and  is  here  published  with  the  kind 
permission  of  Dr.  Bumpus. 

The  Nemestrinidse  constitute  a  very  ancient  family  of  brachy- 
cerous  Diptera,  a  species  {Prohirmoneiira  jurassiea  Handlirsch) 
having  been  discovered  in  the  Jurassic  rocks  of  Bavaria.  Today, 
they  are  much  reduced  in  numbers,  and  in  North  America  are  so 
rare  that  there  are  many  Dipterologists  who  have  never  taken  a 
specimen.  They  were  probably  more  numerous  in  miocene  times, 
since  three  have  been  described  from  Florissant — a  number  alto- 
gether exceeding  what  might  be  expected  in  any  similar  deposit 
made  in  America  at  the  present  time. 

In  their  venation  they  are  singularly  variable  (see  fig.  1,  showing 
variation  in  R.  sackeni),  characters  which  would  be  of  generic  value 
in  some  other  families,  proving  inconstant  here  within  specific  limits. 
-  Dr.  Williston,  in  a  recent  conversation,  remarked  to  me  that  in  In's 
experience  it  seemed  that  waning  types  often  showed  such  varia- 
bility ;  whether  the  morphological  break-up  is  the  result  or  the 
cause  of  the  failure  to  persist  is  an  open  question. 

TEAMS.  AM.  KNT.  KOC.  XXXIV.  (31  ■)  AUGUST,  1908. 


248  T.    D.    A.    COCKERELL. 

The  venation  ha.s  been  considered  very  aberrant,  but  in  a  former 
paper  (Am.  Jn.  Sci.,  April,  1908)  I  have  regarded  it  as  primitive, 
and  have  seen  in  the  nervures  which  bound  the  second  posterior  cell 
the  true  branches  of  the  cubitus.  This  view  differs  from  that  of 
Comstock  and  Needham,  and,  if  sustained,  requires  a  partial  modi- 
fication of  their  nomenclature.  In  the  accompanying  figures  I  have 
indicated  the  veins  as  I  understand  them.  The  following  synopsis 
includes  all  the  known  North  American  species,  recent  and  fossil. 

Synopsis  of  North  American  Nemestrinid^. 

A. — Proboscis   long,  projecting   anteriorly;   subf.  Nemestrininie  (Miocene  in   N. 
America;  living  in  Asia). 

PAL.K9IBOL.lJS  Scudder. 
Palemholus  Scudder,  Bull.  U.  S.  Geol.  and  Geog.  Surv.  Terr.,  iv  (1878),  p.  526. 
PaZm&oZos  Scudder,  in  Zittel.  Hanbd.,  i  (ii),  p.  808  (1885),  fig.  1076;  Eastman's 

Edition,  i,  p.  688,  fig.  1467. 
Palomholus  [err.  typ.]  Handlirsch,  Foss.  Insekten,  vii  (1907),  p.  1009. 

Related  to  Nemestrina  (species  from  Turkestan  compared),  but 
without  any  cross  nervure  from  the  radial  sector  to  the  base  of  the 
fork  of  the  media. 

Paleinbolus  florigerus  Scudder,  1.  c. 

Miocene  shales,  Florissant,  Colorado.  Type  in  Museum  of  Com- 
parative Zoology,  Harvard  University. 

I  am  greatly  indebted  to  Mr.  A.  P.  Morse  for  examining,  at  my 
request,  Scudder's  type  of  Palembolus.  He  compared  it  carefully 
with  the  figure  given  in  Zittel's  work,  and  found  it  in  the  main  as 
there  represented,  but  differing  in  slight  details.  "The  wings  are 
narrower  proportionately  than  represented.  The  dhtal  half  of  wing 
on  right  side  of  figure  is  more  nearly  correct,  and  tlie  basal  half  of 
wing  on  left  side."  There  was  no  evidence  ivhatever  of  any  third 
radio ■riiedlal  cross-nervure ;  in  lacking  this  nervure  tlie  genus  agrees 
with  the  Jurassic  Prohirmoneura  on  the  one  hand,  and  tlie  living 
Trichophthalma  albibasis  (as  figured  by  Handlirsch)  on  the  other. 
There  was  some  indication  of  "seam- veins"  in  the  right  wing  (but 
not  in  the  left),  especially  one  forming  a  broadly  triangular  pseudo- 
cell,  with  its  apex  at  the  point  of  branching  of  the  media.  Mr. 
Henshaw  also  examined  this  structure,  and  agreed  with  Mr.  Morse 
that  it  was  not  a  genuine  vein  ;  indeed,  from  its  position,  it  could 
hardly  be  one.     Whether  we  liave  here  some  indication  of  the  retic- 


AMERICAN    DIPTERA.  249 

Illation  of  the  apical  field  found  in  McjiidorJujnclius  I  do  not  know. 
In  general,  the  venation  of  Pafembolns  difiers  very  little  from  that 
of  Trichophthalma ;  so  far  as  the  structure  of  tlie  wing  goes,  they 
might  very  well  belong  to  the  same  genus. 

B. — Proboscis  long,  directed   downwards  or  backwards;  subf.  Rhynchocephalimr 
{Living  in  N.  America,  etc.). 

KHYNCHOCEPHAL,i;S  Fischer,  ISOfJ. 

(1)  Rhynchocephalus  s.  str. 
Branches  of  cubitus  meeting  before  margin   of   wing  =  second    posterior   cell 
closed   (Williston). 

Rliyuchoceplialiis  sackeni  Williston,  Tr.  Conn.  .\cad.  Sci.,  iv,  p.  243. 
As  Williston's  description  is  rather  inaccessible,  it  is  given   here- 
with : 

"  Ulack,  with  light  yellowish  hair.  Head  broader  than  thorax,  brownish- 
black.  Front  broad,  thin  l.v  blackish  haired  on  tlie  vertex;  tlie  lower  part,  tlie 
face,  cheeks,  and  posterior  orbits,  with  thick,  bushy,  yellowish-white  liair, 
becoming  nearly  white  below.  Autenufe  sliort,  reddisii-yellow.  base  of  first 
joint  infuscated,  two  first  joints  snbquadrate,  third  circular.  Style  of  three 
joints,  first  joint  short,  yellowish,  second  joint  twice  as  long,  ba.sal  half  infusca- 
ted, third  as  long  as  two  first,  fuscous.  Proboscis  reaciiing  the  hind  coxw,  labium 
black,  other  parts,  with  the  slender  minute  palpi,  luteous.  Dorsum  of  thorax 
and  scutellum  brownish-black,  with  yellowish  hair;  pleurie  and  pectus  with 
longer,  bushy,  grayish-white  hair.  Abdomen  short  and  broad,  black;  second 
segment  above,  and  all  the  segments  upon  their  sides,  with  yellowish  hair. some- 
what Intermixed  with  black  at  the  incisures;  third  and  remaining  segments 
above  with  sparse  hairs  and  thick  yellowish  tomentnm,  wanting  upon  tlieir 
anterior  borders,  giving  the  abdomen  a  slightly  fasciated  appearance.  Venter 
with  whitish  pile.  Lamellfe  of  the  ovipositor  slender,  black,  luteous  at  extreme 
base,  about  as  long  as  intermediate  femora.  Feet  luteous.  Femora  white  tomen- 
tose,  with  tufts  of  hair  on  their  undersides  near  thecoxse;  anterior  and  middle 
pairs,  for  their  basal  two-thirds,  and  posterior,  except  extreme  tips,  black. 
Anterior  and  middle  tarsi  infuscated.  posterior  more  so,  blackish.  Wings  hya- 
line; neuration  as  in  the  figure. 

"Adventitious  oblique  vein  but  slightly  arcuated,  terminating  beyond  the 
middle  of  the  apical  half,  not  continued  to  jiosterior  border, so  that  the  third  and 
fifth  posterior  cells  are  not  completely  separated;  both  cross-veins  obsolete. 
Three  submarginal  cells;  first  and  second  open,  slender.  First  posterior  open, 
second  closed,  the  brief  petiole  terminating  in  the  end  of  the  costal  vein  before 
the  tip  of  the  wing,  fourth  (third  of  Osten  Sacken)  closed,  as  usual ;  third  a  little 
shorter  than  fifth.  Long.  corp.  9min.;  long.  al.  9  mm.  Oiympia.  Washington 
Territory, — H.  K.  Morrison." 

Dr.  Williston  adds  that  it  closely  resembles  R.  tanscheri,  diHI'ring 
chieflv  in  the  length  of  the  proboscis  and  the  color  of  the  head. 

TKANE.  AM.  ENT.  80C.  XXXIV.  (oJj  AUGUST.  1908 


250  T.     D.    A.    COCKERELL. 

In  Entomological  News,  v,  p.  47,  it  is  recorded  that  Professor  L. 
Bruner  found  R.  sackeni  near  Colorado  Springs,  Colorado,  and 
observed  it  apparently  deposity  eggs  in  a  stem  of  Eriogoiivm  alatum. 
I  have  examined  two  specimens  in  the  collection  of  the  Colorado 
Agricultural  College,  collected  at  Fort  Collins,  Colorado,  June  12th  ; 
also  one  from  Clark  County,  Kansas,  June,  collected  by  Dr.  Snow. 

Rliyiicboceplialus  subnitens  n.  sp. 

5  . — Smaller  than  R.  aackeni  Will. ;  length  of  wing  just  over  8  mm.  (over  9i  in 
sackeni) ;  pubescence  paler,  with  a  sort  of  greenish-grey  tint;  abdomen  less  hairy, 
the  bases  of  segments  2-4  broadly  exposed,  shining  black  ;  ovipositor  shorter,  with 
a  stronger,  more  even  curvature;  eyes  apparently  lighter  and  redder;  ultimate 
branches  of  cubitus  (bounding  second  posterior  cell  of  Williston)  uniting  only  a 
very  short  distance  before  margin  of  wing  (a  considerable  distance  in  sackeni). 

Hab. — Clark  Co.,  Kansas,  June,  alt.  1960  feet  {Snow).  In  the 
collection  of  Prof.  A.  L.  Melander.  A  female  of  B.  sackeni  Will, 
also  comes  from  Clark  Co.,  bearing  exactly  the  same  data  as  the 
type  of  R.  subnitens.  Two  males  of  R.  sackeni,  agreeing  in  appear- 
ance with  the  Clark  Co.  female,  are  also  before  me,  loaned  by  the 
U.  S.  National  Museum.  They  are  labelled  Colorado,  8-9000,  the 
latter  doubtless  referring  to  the  altitude  in  feet.  The  collector  is 
not  indicated. 

In  certain  respects,  the  venation  of  Rhynchocephalus  is  quite 
variable.     Thus : 

Third  submarginal  cell  {Williston;,  i.  e.  cell  bounded  by  M^  and  M2. 
(a)  Open  at  apex,  often  quite  broadly.     R.  subnitens :  R.  sackeni. 
ib)  Closed   far  below  margin  of  wing,  with  a  small  cell  at  its  apex,  and  the 
single  nervure  beyond  about  as  long  as  that  at  end  of  second  posterior 
cell.     Right  side  of  one  %  R.  sackeni. 
(c)  Sessile  at  base  (i.  e.  as  Williston  figures  for  R.  volaticKS). 

R.  subnitens ;  R.  sackeni. 
id)  Sessile  and  narrowly  truncate  at  base.     R.  sackeni,  one  %  . 
(e)  Short-stalked  at  base.     R.  sackeni,  one  %  . 
Second  posterior  cell  (Williston),  i.  e.  cell  bounded  by  Cui  and  Cuj,  according  to 
my  interpretation.     Sometimes  the  lower  side  is  a  little  lower  than 
that  of  the  cell  basad  of  it  {fourth  posterior),  but  usually  these  prac- 
tically coincide.     The  difference  in  the  position  of  the  apex  of  the  cell 
appears  to  be  a  specific  character,  so  far  as  the  material  shows. 

(2)  Group  (subg.  ?)  of  R.  volaiicus. 
Branches  of  cubitus  not  meeting  =  second  posterior  cell  open  (Williston). 

Rhyiicliocephalus  volaficiis  Williston,  Can.  Ent.,  xv,  p.  71. 
Florida.      9. — Length  12  nnn.,  wings  11  mm.;  black,  with  light 
yellowish  pile;  abdomen  distinctly  fasciate ;  third  joint  of  antenna' 


AMERICAN    DIl'TERA.  251 

obtusely  oval ;  tliird  joiut  of  style  three  times  as  long  as  the  lirst 
two  together;  proboscis  reaching  about  to  hind  coxse  ;  laiuelUe  of 
ovipositor  slender,  black,  about  as  long  as  middle  femora. 

C. — Proboscis  short ;  subf.  Hirmonfitrinx  (Miocene  and  Living). 

HIR.nOIWEURA  Meigen,  1820  (Type  H.  obscnra  (W.)  Meig.). 

The  following  table  separates  the  North  American  species: 

Terminal  luanclies  of  both  media  and  cubitus  uniting  before  reaching  the  mar- 
gin of  the  wing,  forming  closed  cells  (subg.  Partisymmictus  Bigot). 

H.  clan$$a  O.  S. 

Branches  of  media  meeting,  enclosing  a  cell,  but  those  of  cubitus  parallel,  not 
even  approaching;  eyes  pubescent H.  breviroistri*  Macq. 

Branches  of  media  and  cubitus  not  meeting  apicaily 1. 

1.  Miocene  species 2. 

Living  species 3. 

2.  Stem  of  cubitus  nearly  in  a  straight  line  with  its  lower  branch. 

II.  vulcanica  Ckll. 
Stem  of  cubitus  not  nearly  in  a  straight  line  with  either  branch. 

H.  inelaiifleri  Ckll. 

3.  Eyes  hairy,  with  quite  long  black  pile •  •  •    11.  texaua  t'kll. 

Eyes  bare,  or  at  most  with  very  few  minute  hairs 4. 

4.  Brown,  with  pale  rufous  legs ;  paljji  rufous H.  psilotes  O.  8. 

Black,  with  yellowish  legs;  palpi  yellow II.  flavipes  Williston. 

The  genus  appears  to  contain  discordant  elements,  which  might 
form  the  basis  of  two  or  three  genera  or  subgenera,  but  upon  closer 
aiialvsis  such  divisions  seem  of  doubtful  value.  The  venational 
character  of  the  closed  cells  in  the  branches  of  the  media  and  cubi- 
tus is  important,  but  not  so  stable  in  tliis  family  as  in  others.  In  a 
specimen  of  Ehynchoeephalus  sackeni  the  branches  of  the  media 
fuse  on  one  side,  and  remain  open  on  the  other. 

The  hairiness  of  the  eyes  seems  equally  important  ;  but  it  is  not 
an  absolute  character,  as  Williston  notes  that  the  female  U.  flavipti< 
shows  a  few  scattering  hairs,  visible  with  a  lens,  and  suggests  that 
the  male  may  prove  to  have  the  eyes  distinctly  pubescent.  It  is 
noteworthy  that  H.  brevirostris  and  II.  texaiut,  known  only  in  the 
male,  have  hairy  eyes;  while  H.  cluusa,  H.  psilotes  and  H.  flavipes, 
known  only  in  the  female,  have  them  bare.  H.  obscura,  the  type 
of  the  genus,  has  them  bare. 

Ilirinonenra  claiiMa  Osten  Sackeu,  Western  Diptera  (1877),  p.  225. 
Dallas,  Texas  {Boll).     Figured  in  Comstock's  Manual,  p.  460,  as 
/'  hyn  c/iocep  ha  lus. 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  90C.  XXXIV  AUGUST,  1908. 


252  T.    T).    A.    COCKERELL. 

Hirtnoneiira  brevirostris  Macqnart,  Dipt.  Exot.,  Suppl.  1.  101. 
The  description  is  as  follows;  the  species  has  not  been  found  in 
recent  3'ears. 

"Fusca  alho-iomentoso.  Proboscide  hreve.  Pedihw<  rufix.  Alis  hynlinis.  (Tab.  20, 
fig.  1.) 

"Long.  41.  1.  %.  Corps  assex  etroit.  Trompe  ties  courte,  a  peine  saillante. 
Face  noire,  a  duvet  gris.  Front  lineaire.  Antennes  brunes;  les  deux  premiers 
articles  tres  velus;  troisieme  brievement  coniqne.  Yeux  velus.  Thorax  et  abdo- 
men d'un  brun  mat,  a  polls  blancs:  ce  dernier  de  six  segmens  distincts.  Pieds 
d'un  fauve  clair,  ii  duvet  et  polls  blancs.  Ailes:  trois  cellules  sous-marginales, 
dout  les  premiere  et  troisieme  sont  fermees;  cinq  posterieures,  dont  la  quatrlcme 
est  ferniee. 

De  Merida  de  Yucatan.     Trouve  par  M.  Pilate." 

Hirmoiieiira  flavipes  Williston,  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc,  xili,  p.  292. 

% .  "Black,  thickly  poUinose;  anteunte  and  legs  yellowish;  wings  nearly 
hyaline,  narrowly  luteous  in  front;.. .  .length,  with  ovipositor  15  mm.,  without, 
13  mm. . .  .front  narrow,  only  a  little  wider  below,  a  little  shining,  with  greyish 
pollen  and  black  pile.  •  •  .antennse  situated  below  the  middle  of  the  head  In  pro- 
file, short,  joints  of  nearly  equal  length,  the  third  cordate;  pile  of  basal  joints 
yellow  and  blackish. .. -face  with  sparse  yellow-ish  pile,  but  that  of  the  palpi 

longer,  blackish thorax  black,  but  mostly  concealed  beneath  uniform,  thick 

greyish  brownish  dust;  pile  erect,  moderately  abundant,  not  long,  lutescent  yel- 
lowish. . .  -abdomen  like  the  dorsum  of  the  thorax;  at  the  base,  with  yellowish 
pile,  beyond  with  short,  reclining,  sparse  black  hairs;  a  nariow  band  at  the  base 
of  second  segment,  gray  pollinose,  beyond  It  a  broader  brown  band  ;  ovipositor 
directed  backwards,  composed  of  five  segments,  their  entire  length  about  equal 
to  that  of  the  two  preceding  segments  together,  forming  a  tapering  continuation 
of  the  abdomen,  the  last  one  elonfjate,  reddish,  and  split  nearly  to  Its  base;  legs 
light  yellow,  the  tips  of  the  four  anterior  tarsi,  the  tip  of  hind  femora  and  the 
rest  of  hind  legs  reddish."     (Williston.) 

A  species  of  the  United  States,  but  uo  particular  locality  is  given. 
Hirinoneura  psilotes  Osten  Sacken,  Biol.  Cent.-Amer.,  Dipt.,  1,  p.  74. 
As  the  description  is  not  available  in  many  places,  it  is  copied 
in  full. 

"%.  Brown,  with  a  brownish-yellow  pollen;  legs  pale  rufous;  antennte  and 
palpi  rufous;  wings  tinged  with  pale  brownish,  brownish-yellow  along  the  costa ; 
eyes  glabrous. 

Length,  without  the  ovipositor,  about  13  mil  11m. 

Hab. — Mexico  (Sumichrast). 

Proboscis  rufous,  short,  the  large  lips  but  little  projecting  outside  of  the  oral 
opening;  last  joint  of  the  palpi  long,  cylindrical,  pale,  rufous,  closely  aj)plied  to 
the  facial  orbit  of  the  eye  and  almost  reaching  the  antennae;  autennse  rufous, 
beset  with  rufous  hair;  face  and  front  densely  covered  with  a  yellowish-gray 
pollen  ;  the  face  beset  with  pale  rufous  hairs,  the  front  with  black  liairs  mixed 
with  rufous  ones,  the  latter  especially  visible  in  front  of  the  ocelli ;  front  nearly 
parallel,  the  vertex  very  little  narrower;  eyes  glabrous.     The  brown  giound- 


AMERICAN    DIPTERA.  253 

color  of  tlie  tlioi'acic  dorsum  is  modified  by  ii  hrownisli-yellovv  pollen  and  yel- 
lowish hairs,  which  cover  its  surface;  the  hairs  longeron  its  sides;  plcurjp  and 
sternum  more  grey,  with  paler  yellow  liairs;  post-alter  callosities  reddish  ;  scu- 
tellum  brown.  The  abdomen,  like  tlie  thorax,  derives  its  colouring  from  a  brown- 
ish pollen  which  is  darker  on  the  posterior  half  of  segments  2,  3.  4  (these  seg- 
ments thus  showing  slight  traces  of  darker  cross-bands);  the  base  with  longer 
pale  yellowish-rufous  hairs;  the  posterior  half  of  segment  2,  as  well  as  tlie  two 
following  segments,  beset  with  short,  semierect  black  hairs;  the  three  following 
segments  (5-7)  are  shorter  and  narrower  and  end  in  an  ovipositor,  which,  so  far 
as  I  can  see,  consists  of  a  short  tube,  longitudinally  split  in  two.  I-egs  pale 
rufous;  hind  femora  slightly  brownish  at  the  tip;  hind  tarsi  brown.  Wings  with 
a  pale  brownish  tinge,  more  yellowish  along  the  costa ;  veins  on  the  antero- 
proximal  half  rufous,  on  the  remainder  of  the  wing  dark  brown  ;  venation  like 
that  of  the  European  H.  ohscura,  only  the  handle  of  tlie  folk  of  the  third  vein  is 
straighter.     A  single  female  in  Prof.  Bellardi's  collection." 

Hiriiioiieura  lexaiia  n.  sp. 

Hirmonfiira  B,  Cockerell,  Amer.  Jn.  Sci..  April,  1908.  p.  311.  (Description  and 
figures  of  venation). 
"J,  .—Length  about  ll-i  mm.,  wings  11;  black,  marked  with  red  on  the  abdo- 
men ;  the  abundant  hair  partly  black  and  partly  white;  eyes  purplish-red,  almost 
entirely  covering  the  head,  and  covered  with  quite  long  black  pile;  lateral  ocelli 
touching  eyes  ;  face  and  base  of  antennae  with  long  black  hair,  mouth  and  cheeks 
with  white  hair;  exposed  parts  of  front,  face  and  occiput  black  ;  third  antennal 
joint  broad,  approximately  heart-shaped;  style  black;  thorax  rather  dull  dark 
brown — between  cofifee  and  slate  color,  densely  white-haired  on  sides  and  be- 
neath, above  with  the  hair  mostly  black,  but  largely  white  on  the  disc;  wings 
hyaline,  faintly  dusky,  splendidly  iridescent;  all  the  apical  cells  open;  legs  fer- 
ruginous, blackened  apically  ;  pile  of  femora  white,  except  a  little  black  at  end. 
of  tibise  and  tarsi  short  and  black;  abdomen  brown-black,  with  the  hind  mar- 
gins of  the  segments  ferruginous,  very  broadly  so  at  the  sides;  approximately 
basal  half  of  segments  with  white  hair,  and  apical  with  black  ;  at  the  sides  this 
hair  forms  conspicuous  dense  tufts,  alternating  black  and  white. 

ifa/>.— New  Bi-tiunfek,  Texas,  May  12,  1902,  taken  liy  Prof.  A. 
L.  Melaiider  on  a  barbed-wire  fence. 

If  irnioiieura  nielamleri  C'kll  .  Am.  Jn.  Sci.,  April,  190S,  p.  311. 

Miocene  shale.s  of  Flori.-^.-^ant.     Length  about  152  "im.,  wings  10. 

A  second  specimen  (Floris.^ant,  Sta.  14,  W.  P.  Cockerell)  shows 
the  abdomen  and  wings,  but  lacks  the  head  and  nearly  all  of  the 
thorax.  It  agrees  with  the  type,  except  that  the  abdomen  is  very 
long  and  tapering,  the  distance  from  the  base  of  the  wings  to  the 
top  of  the  abdomen  being  about  15  mm.  In  its  general  shape,  the 
abdomen  is  suggestive  of  some  species  of  Xemestrina.  The  speci- 
men is  probably  a  female. 

Ilirinoiieura  vuleanica  Ckll.,  Am.  Jn.  Sci.,  April,  1903,  p.  311. 

Miocene  shales  of  Florissant.     Length  about  12  mm.,  wings  11. 

TEA.N6.  AM.  KNT.  SOC  XXXIV.  AUGUST,  190b. 


254  AMERICAN    DIPTERA. 


ANOTHER   FOSSIL.   XEMESTRIXID 'FL,Y  . 

BY    T.    D.    A.    COCKERELL. 

Neraestrinidse  must  have  been  comparatively  abundant  in  Colo- 
rado in  Miocene  times.  The  Florissant  shales  have  already  pro- 
duced three  species ;  it  now  becomes  necessary  to  add  a  fourth  : 

Hirnioneiira  occultator  n.  sp. 

9.  Length  (excluding  ovipositor)  14  mm.;  head,  thorax  and 
abdomen  black ;  abdomen  not  banded,  8  mm.  long  and  6  wide,  but 
its  excessive  breadth  partly  due  to  compression  ;  ovipositor  a  little 
over  2  mm.  long,  slender,  very  strongly  curved,  its  structure  evi- 
dently as  in  Rhynchocephalus ;  wings  lOJ  mm.  long,  hyaline, 
faintly  dusky,  the  base  and  costal  region  dilute  reddish  ,  veins 
brown  ;  eyes  bare,  facets  about  30  /a  across.  No  proboscis  visible  ; 
what  looks  like  a  stout  proboscis,  extending  about  2  mm.  beyond 
head,  is  a  fragment  of  some  plant. 

Venation  nearly  as  in  the  living  ff.  texana  Ckll.,  but  with  these 
differences  : 

(1)  The  long  or  middle  radio-medial  cross-nervnre  does  not  reach 
the  base  of  the  first  posterior  cell,  but  falls  a  moderate  distance  short 
of  it,  about  as  in  H.  vulcauica.  (On  the  other  hand,  the  base  of 
the  third  submarginal  cell,  between  the  forks  of  the  media,  is 
pointed  as  in  Rhynchocephalus  volaticus,  not  truncate  as  in  H. 
vulcanica. ) 

(2)  The  base  of  the  fourth  posterior  cell  is  more  obtuse,  but  it 
and  the  adjacent  nervures  are  otherwise  similar.  The  narrow  base 
of  this  cell,  with  three  nervures  leaving  it  (upwards,  downwards 
and  inwards)  at  practically  the  same  point,  is  as  in  H.  texana,  but 
very  different  from  H.  vulcauica  and  especially  H.  melanderi. 

(3)  The  second  posterior  cell  is  shifted  downwards,  so  that  its 
base  is  only  half  contiguous  with  the  apex  of  the  fourth. 

The  cells  between  the  branches  of   the   media  and  cubitus  are 
somewhat  narrowed  apically,  but  open. 
The  abdomen,  as  usual,  is  hairy. 
IZa6.— Miocene  shales  of  Florissant,  Station  14  {8.  A.  Rohwer). 


AMERICAN    NEUROPTERA.  ZOO 


IVElJItOPTEROID   IXSKtTS— Xoles  and   De^icriptioiis. 

BY    NATIIAX    BANKS. 

(Plates  XVII-XIX.) 

To  the  following  descriptions  of  new  species  I  have  added  notes 
on  some  other  fornis,  especially  in  the  families  Perlidse  and  Limne- 
philidie,  groups  which  I  hope  soon  to  revise.  I  have  also  figured 
the  genitalia  of  most  of  our  species  of  the  Goniotaidlus  section  of 
LimnephiluH.  The  genus  Dipledrona  has  not  hitherto  been  re- 
corded from  our  country. 

PERLID.E. 

Perla  coiicolor  n.  sp. — Head  bright  yellowisli ;  a  black  spot  each  side 
staitiuf;  in  front  of  each  posterior  ocellus,  and  extending  forward  and  outward 
in  front  of  each  lateral  scar;  antennae  pale  yellowisli-biown,  black  on  the  basal 
joint;  pronotum  pale  brown,  a  narrow  yellowish  median  stripe;  thoi'ax  yellow- 
ish-brown, darkest  near  tip;  sternum,  venter  and  legs  pale  yellowish,  tips  of 
femora  and  bases  and  tips  of  tibise  dark.  Wings  pale  brownish;  venation  yel- 
lowish-brown, rather  paler  on  costal  space.  Head  not  much  broader  than  the 
pronotum  ;  posterior  ocelli  closer  to  each  other  than  to  the  anterior  ocellus,  and 
still  farther  from  the  eyes;  pronotum  one  and  one-half  times  broader  than  long, 
narrowed  a  little  behind,  sides  straight,  and  angles  quite  sharp;  the  wings 
rather  narrow,  the  radial  sector  forked  three  times  beyond  the  anastomosis,  the 
first  just  beyond,  about  seven  cross-veins  in  median  and  in  cubital  series.  The 
last  ventral  segment  of  the  male  shows  below  a  median  area,  more  than  twice  as 
long  as  bi'oad.     Expanse  38  mm. 

From  San  Jose,  California. 

I'ei'la  niode»«ta  n.  sp. — Head  yellow,  broadly  black  each  side  behind 
eyes,  a  transverse  black  band  across  anterior  ocellus  and  toward  antennte,  some- 
times with  projections  ujiward  to  the  posterior  ocelli ;  palpi  i)ale,  antennae  brown, 
basal  joint  black;  pronotum  black,  with  a  broad  median  yellow  stripe,  broadest 
behind,  thorax  brown,  a  yellow  spot  on  middle  of  front;  abdomen  rather  paler 
brown  ;  setae  brownish,  paler  at  base;  legs  yellowish-brown,  femora  darkest  and 
tarsi  pale.  Ocellar  triangle,  broader  than  long,  hind  ocelli  as  close  to  eyes  as  to 
each  other;  pronotum  one  and  one-half  times  broader  than  long,  barely  broader 
in  front  than  behind,  anterior  angles  acute,  hind  angles  less  so;  abdomen  quite 
long;  setae  short,  basal  joints  very  short,  apical  ones  very  slender.  Wings  gray 
hyaline,  venation  mostly  brown,  costal  basal  part  yellowish  ;  radial  sector  usually 
forked  three  times  beyond  anastomosis,  sometimes  one  of  the  branches  is  supe- 
rior, five  or  six  cross-veins  in  median  series;  seven  or  eight  in  cubital  series;  the 
branches  of  anal  vein  approximate  at  base.     Expanse  28  mm. 

Several  from  Boulder,  Colo.  (August),  Rolnver. 

TRANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (32*)  .SEPTE.MBER,  1908. 


256  NATHAN    BANKS. 

Perla  illustris  n.  sp.  — Head  dull  black,  with  a  large  jiale  yellow  spot 
each  side  behind,  above  eyes  and  reaching  medially  to  the  posterior  ocelli,  basal 
joint  of  antennse  black  above  and  beneath,  second  joint  wholly  pale,  rest  black- 
ish ;  pronotum  uniform  dull  black,  thorax  mostly  black,  one  or  two  pale  spots  on 
each  side  of  the  mesothorax  ;  sternum  black;  coxse  yellow;  legs  pale,  femora 
lined  with  blackish  ;  abdomen  brownish-black,  the  segments  above  margined 
with  pale  behind  ;  setas  wholly  black.  Wings  pale,  rather  yellowish,  with  mostly 
■  yellowish  venation,  the  subcosta  and  the  radius  brown  on  basal  half,  the  radial 
sector  also  partly  brown.  The  male  is  similar  to  the  female,  but  the  venter  is 
yellowish  and  with  three  rows  of  black  spots;  abdomen  above  pale  yellow  on 
basal  part,  beyond  more  reddish-yellow,  setse  wholly  black.  In  female  the  ven- 
tral plate  is  strongly  produced  in  middle,  more  so  than  in  allied  forms  (P.  tristis. 
P.  Jlavescens,  P.  capitata,  etc.).  In  the  male  the  superior  appendages  are  recurved 
as  in  allied  forms,  but  the  fifth  segment  is  not  as  much  prolonged  and  has  a 
broader  tip  than  allies.     Expanse,   9  ,  36  mm. ;    "J, ,  28  mm. 

From  Mont  St.  Hilaire,  and  Montreal,  Canada,  July. 

Differs  from  allies  of  this  section  {Marthamea  Klap.)  of  Perla  in 
genitalia;  from  P.  capitata  and  P.  media  in  dark  setxe,  and  from 
others  in  paler  wings. 

Perla  excavata  n.  sp. — Head  yellow,  a  transverse  brown  mark  over  pos- 
terior ocelli,  extending  forward  and  dividing  behind  the  anterior  ocellus,  each 
branch  extending  outward  to  a  stripe  at  base  of  antenn£e  ;  clypeus  black  in  mid- 
dle, basal  joint  of  antennse  black,  rest  yellowish;  pronotum  brown,  rugulose, 
plainly  broader  than  long,  sides  parallel,  barely  tapering  behind,  thorax  brown  ; 
abdomen  yellow-brown,  paler  beneath,  setae  yellow  at  base,  beyond  brown  ;  legs 
yellow-brown,  tips  of  femora  and  tibise  blackish,  the  tarsi  also  dark.  Wings 
gray-hyaline,  venation  brown,  radial  sector  forked  three  times  beyond  the  anas- 
tomosis.    Length  to  tip  of  wing  30  mm. 

Chain  Bridge,  Virginia,  June  9th. 

The  species  allied  to  P.  excavata  are  the  following: 

Perla  fuiiiosa  Banks. 

From  Virginia  and  North  Carolina;  a  square  black  spot  over 
ocelli ;  wings  brownish  ;  ventral  structure  similar  to  P.  couloni,  but 
a  very  much  smaller  species,  and  with  wings  much  darker  than  any 
of  this  group. 

Perla  lurida  Hagen. 

I  do  not  have  this  species;  from  a  sketch  made  from  the  type, 
the  ventral  plate  is  similar  to  P.  couloni,  but  from  the  description  it 
is  probably  distinct. 

Perla  couloni  Pictet. 

Our  lai'gest  species  ;  1  have  it  from  New  York  and  Michigan. 
The  spot  over  ocelli  is  rather  broad  in  front  and  concave,  not  ex- 
tending toward  antenna;  wings  grayish,  venation  brown. 


AMERICAN    NEUROrTKRA.  ZO  I 

Peria  lycorias  Xewnian. 

Specimens  from  New  York  and  Canada.  The  spot  over  ocelli  is 
forked  behind  front  ocellus,  and  connected  to  spot  at  base  of  an- 
tennae; the  pronotum  is  more  or  less  yellowish.         , 

PerIa  iminargiiiata  Say. 

Various  places  in  Oliio,  also  Michigan.  No  spot  over  ocelli ; 
rather  smaller  than  P.  /_(/co?7V/.i%  especially  the  males;  the  wings  have 
a  faint  yellowish-brown  tinge. 

Pei'Ia  cai*oliiien!<>iis  Banks. 

Only  seen  from  North  Carolina;  black  spot  over  ocelli  extends 
forward  so  that  it  is  very  large;  wings  brownish,  venation  blackish  ; 
nearly  as  large  as  P.  couloni.  All  specimens  seen  have  a  cross-vein 
from  near  tip  of  upper  branch  of  radial  sectc)r  to  the  radius  or  near 
tip  of  radius. 

Perla  xanthenes  Xewman. 

Specimens  from  Virginia  and  North  Carolina.  Wholly  greenish 
yellow  or  yellowish,  no  spot  over  ocelli,  venation  pale. 

Perla  valida  Banks. 

Only  from  North  Carolina;  looks  much  like  P.  bmnavijinaUi,  no 
mark  over  ocelli. 

PS0CIDJ5. 

PSOCIIS  persiniilis  n.  sp.— Head  yellowish,  nasns  finely  lineate  with 
black  ;  eyes  prominent;  their  tops  higher  than  vertex  ;  antenna^  brown,  slender  : 
den-sely  short  haired,  first  joint  plainly  a  little  longer  than  distance  between 
eyes;  thorax  and  abdomen  brownish;  legs  pale  yellowish.  Wings  hyaline; 
venation  mostly  brown,  a  faint  pale  spot  at  fork  of  radial  sector,  and  at  outer  ti|i 
of  the  discal  cell;  stigma  brown  on  apical  half,  the  color  extending  somewhat 
below,  a  black  dot  at  base  of  stigma,  and  also  one  at  end  of  anal  vein  ;  discal  cell 
slightly  five-sided,  about  one  and  one-third  broader  at  base  than  at  tip,  neitlier 
side  concave;  the  third  posterior  cell  is  shorter  on  base  than  the  others,  wiiich 
are  subequal;  stigma  long,  evenly  rounded  behind.     Length  4  mm. 

Brownsville,  Texas  (Snow);  allied  to  /-*.  confratennis,  but  smaller, 
less  marked,  and  with  differently  shaped  discal  cell  and  more 
rounded  stigma. 

Pmocus  cubaims  n.  sp.— Nasiis  black,  vertex  pale;  antennse  pale  on  basal 
part,  darker  beyond;  thorax  dull  black,  hind  margin  of  mesothorax  and  meta- 
thorax  narrowly  pale;  legs  pale  yellowish.  Wings  hyaline,  whitish  on  basal 
part;  a  black  band  across  wing  from  end  of  anal  vein,  but  not  reaching  the 
costa;  a  black  spot  at  base  of  pterostigina,  a  larger  black  spot  in  apical  part  of 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (3:5)  SEPTKMISKR,  190i!. 


258  NATHAN    BANKS. 

pteiostigma,  and  oue  behind  the  pterostigma  just  before  the  angle;  venation 
mostly  black,  the  pterostigmatal  vein  yellowish,  the  apical  corners  of  the  cell, 
and  the  base  of  the  branch  of  radial  sector  are  snow-white ;  the  basal  part  of 
radius  and  niedius  are  also  pale.  The  pterostigma  is  long,  the  outer  side  very 
oblique,  and  the  angle  not  very  sharp,  yet  not  rounded  ;  the  cell  is  five-sided,  ex- 
tending a  very  short  distance  on  radial  sector,  it  is  plainly  broader  at  base  than 
at  tip,  about  one  and  one-half  times  as  long  as  broad,  and  the  outer  side  not  con- 
cave; the  posterior  cells  are  all  equally  wide  at  base.     Length  3  mm. 

Havana,  Cuba  (Baker).     Near  P.  floridanus,  but  the  pterostigma 

is  not  as  broad,  not  as  angulate  behind,  the  outer  side  more  oblique ; 

and  the  markings  also  different. 

Myopsociis  maeiilosus  n.  sp. — Head  yellowish,  a  median  brown  stripe 
from  ocelli  over  vertex  ;  nasus  lineate  with  brown  ;  antennae  pale,  densely  hairy, 
first  long  joint  plainly  longer  than  width  of  head  ;  thorax  pale  brown,  a  pair  of 
dark  brown  spots  close  together  on  top  of  the  mesonotum  ;  abdomen  brown  ;  legs 
pale  yellowish,  darker  at  tips  of  the  femora  and  tibise.  Wings  hyaline,  with 
many  scattered  small  brown  spots,  and  some  larger  ones;  at  base  of  the  ptero- 
stigma, at  forking  of  median,  at  end  of  anal  vein,  three  in  a  transvej-se  row  ;  also 
in  apex  of  stigma,  and  in  third  posterior  cell ;  but  the  general  appearance  of  the 
wings  is  much  paler  than  in  the  other  species  of  the  genus.  Discal  cell  nearly 
twice  as  long  as  broad,  only  a  little  broader  at  base  than  at  tip,  the  outer  side 
strongly  concave,  stigma  large,  angulate  below.     Length  5  mm. 

Berkeley,  California,  June. 

Ca^ciliiis  cliii'iis  u.  sp. — Pale  yellowish,  antennse  slightly  brown  ;  wings 
hyaline,  venation  pale,  a  dark  dot  at  base  of  stigma,  the  base  of  radial  sector,  the 
cubitus  as  it  leaves  the  median,  and  also  with  brown  cloud  just  before  its  tip,  and 
also  at  tip  of  anal  vein,  and  smaller  clouds  at  ends  of  branches  of  median  that 
form  the  posterior  cells,  in  one  specimen  these  marks  are  very  indistinct.  The 
wings  are  rather  short,  the  stigma  is  long,  about  as  long  as  the  width  of  wing  at 
middle  of  length,  and  of  even  width  throughout,  the  pedicel  of  the  fork  of  radial 
sector  is  about  as  long  as  width  of  a  cell,  the  third  posterior  cell  is  small,  about 
twice  as  long  as  high.     Length  3  mm. 

Berkeley,  California,  on  bay  laurel. 

Polypsocus  fasciatus  n.  sp. — Head  dull  brownish-yellow,  nasus  black- 
ish above;  antennae  pale  yellowish,  slightly  darker  at  tips  of  the  joints,  very 
hairy;  thorax  dull  brownish-yellow,  rather  blackish  on  the  lateral  lobes,  legs 
pale  yellowish.  Wings  whitish  hyaline,  suflfused  and  marked  with  pale  brown  ; 
a  band  along  apical  margin  to  angle,  where  it  joins  a  pterostigmal  band,  broader 
in  front,  the  pterostigma  not  more  prominent;  along  the  anal  vein  is  a  black 
streak,  a  narrow,  distinct  white  interruption,  and  then  a  black  spot;  a  costal  spot 
of  brown  before  the  stigma,  and  in  the  middle  of  the  wing  behind  the  latter  spot 
are  several  brown  patches  adjoining  white-margined  veins.  Tlie  venation  is  on 
the  plan  of  the  genus;  the  anal  cell  even  longer  than  the  pterostigma,  and  just 
before  the  origin  of  the  radial  sector  are  one  or  two  short  veins  invading  the  cell 
from  beneath  and  usually  forming  one  or  two  small  cells.     Length  3.2  mm. 

From  Cayamas,  Cuba  (Baker). 


AMERICAN    NKUROPTICKA.  259 

EPHEMERIDJi:. 

Potamaiitliiis  iii<>dius  n.  sp. — Pale  yellowisli,  a  broad  niediau  retldisli 
stripe  on  prothorax  and  vertex  of  head,  and  less  distinctly  on  niesothorax;  the 
part  on  head  is  broader  than  elsewhere,  and  on  the  face  it  is  broadened  to  reach 
the  eyes,  or  nearly  so;  tips  of  femur  and  tibia  1  are  sli<;litly  infuscated  ;  setre 
narrowly  annulate  with  brown  at  the  tips  of  the  joints,  the  median  seta  rather 
smaller  than  the  others;  eyes  of  female  scarcely  if  any  more  than  two  diameters 
apart,  hind  margin  of  pronotum  emarginate  on  middle.     Expanse  22-24  mm. 

Douglas  Co.,  Kansas,  at  electric  light,  July. 

Resembles  P.  myops,  but  is  smaller,  and  the  eyes  much  closer 
together. 

CHRYSOPID^. 

Chrysopa  placita  n.  sp. — Head  greenish,  a  narrow  black  crescent  under 
each  antennie,  a  black  mark  below  each  on  clypeus,  and  one  under  each  eye, 
vertex  with  a  rather  broad  brown  streak  each  side,  close  to  each  eye,  faint  traces 
of  a  pair  of  submedian  rufous  streaks;  antennjE  yellowish,  basal  joint  greenish, 
second  not  marked  with  black  ;  pronotum  greenish,  yellowish  in  middle,  a  small 
black  mark  on  each  anterior  side,  and  an  indistinct  rufous  patch  each  side  on 
disc;  thorax  green,  abdomen  greenish,  discolored  with  brown;  legs  pale  green- 
ish. Wings  hyaline,  with  green  venation,  marked  with  black,  the  cross-veinlets 
mostly  black,  the  anal  veins  and  its  branches  black,  the  upper  side  of  the  second 
cubital  cell  and  the  divisory  veinlet  of  third  (mostly  at  least)  black;  also  the 
base  of  the  radial  sector;  hind  wings  with  venation  mostly  green  ;  the  stigmal 
region  brownish  in  all  wings.  Forewings  rather  long  and  narrow,  not  very 
acute  at  tips,  the  third  cubital  cell  is  long,  and  the  divisory  veinlet  ends  much 
beyond  the  cross-vein;  five  veinlets  in  the  inner  gradate  series,  six  or  seven  in 
outer.     Expanse  25  mm. 

Specimens  from  Clear  Creek,  and  Chimney  Gulch,  Golden,  Colo. 
(Julv),  (Oslar).  The  black  marks  on  face  and  pale  second  antennal 
joint  are  distinctive. 

.tieleoma  verticalis  n.  sp.— Pale  green;  a  long  blackish  stripe  under 
each  eye  toward  mouth,  mandibles  blackish  ;  palpi  lined  with  black  ;  basal  joint 
of  antenna;  below  near  tip  is  reddish,  and  the  second  joint  has  a  blackish  mark 
beneath,  vertex  with  a  pair  of  short  parallel  reddish  stripes;  the  horn  is  shorter 
and  wider  than  in  3/.  innovata.  the  basal  joint  of  antennte  much  swollen  beneath 
at  tip,  the  third  elongate,  and  very  distinctly  swollen  on  inner  side.  Thorax 
green,  with  a  pale  yellow  median  stripe;  abdomen  green.  Wings  greenish 
hyaline;  venation  green,  many  cross-veins  black,  all  of  the  branches  of  the  anal 
and  several  basal  costal  veinlets  wholly  black,  many  others  in  part  black,  but 
the  gradate  series  green.     Expanse  35-38  mm. 

Specimens  from  Chimney  Gulch,  Golden,  August  3rd  (Oslar); 
Green  Mt.  Falls,  July  (Tucker)  ;  Cheyenne  Canon,  Colorado 
Springs,   July   (Tucker),   and   Arboles,   all   Colorado;    also  White 

TKAN6.  AM.  ENT.  .SOC.  X.XXIV.  SEPTEMBER.   190b. 


260  NATHAN    BANKS. 

Mountains,  Rio  Riiidoso,  6,500  ft.,  July  30th  ;  Santa  Fe,  July,  and 
Magdalena,  all  New  Mexico;  a  female  from  Vancouver  Island, 
British   Columbia. 

Differs  from  M.  iimovata  in  marks  on  vertex,  and  more  black 
cross-veins,  in  shape  of  the  horn,  and  especially  in  the  long  and 
swollen  third  antennal  joint.  Some  of  these  specimens  were  form- 
erly referred  to  31.  innovata,  but  with  more  material  the}'  appear 
distinct,  and  I  do  not  know  that  M.  innovata  occurs  north  of 
Mexico. 

IVIeleoinsi  pallida  n.  sp. — Head  pale  yellowish  (green  in  life  ?,),no  marks 
under  eyes,  palpi  pale,  unmarked;  antennae  very  wide  apait  at  base;  tbe  horn 
short  and  broad,  divided  by  a  furrow  in  the  middle,  slightly  concave  in  front ; 
basal  joint  of  antennae  very  long,  swollen  near  tip,  third  not  elongate  nor  swol- 
len ;  vertex  and  thoiax  unmarked.  Wings  hyaline,  venation  green,  many  cross- 
veins  black  in  part,  the  gradate  series  brown,  but  the  branches  of  anal  are  mostly 
pale;  stigma  indistinct  in  both  pairs.     Expanse  37  mm. 

From  Huachuca  Mountains,  Arizona,  August  20,  1905,  8,000  ft., 
(O.slar). 

HEMEROBIIDJi:. 

Borioniyia  pretiosa  u.sp. — Face  yellowish-brown  ;  a  black  mark  under 
each  eye,  and  one  between  bases  of  antennaj;  vertex  with  a  spot  each  side  near 
eye,  and  one  in  middle;  pronotum  witii  brown  dots;  mesonotum  with  a  basal 
black  band  on  frontal  slope;  abdomen  dark  brown,  densely  yellowish  haired  at 
tip  of  the  male;  legs  pale  yellowish  ;  the  coxje  brownish.  Wings  hyaline,  with 
pale  venation,  dotted  with  black;  from  most  of  the  dark  dots  small  clouds  ex- 
tend out  on  the  membrane,  no  distinct  larger  brown  spots;  stigma  indistinct  in 
both  pairs.  Forewings  rather  broad,  costal  region  broad  near  base,  three  radial 
sectors,  and  the  first  not  connected  to  radius,  the  third  connected  to  radius  once ; 
the  last  veinlet  of  the  inner  gradate  series  slightly  before  or  at  the  preceding 
veinlet;  in  the  hind  wings  the  fork  of  radial  sector  is  even  with  the  fork  of  the 
median  vein.  The  male  appendages  are  similar  to  those  of  B.  coloradcnuis.  but 
(seen  from  the  side)  are  much  narrower  at  tip.     Expanse  15  mm. 

Specimens  from  Chimney  Gulch,  Golden,  July  22nd,  and  Clear 

Creek,  both  Colorado  (Oslar). 

H<'int'robiiis  pI:ici(IuM  n.  sji. — Head  yellowish, cheeks  darker, antenna? 
yellowish,  palpi  pale,  last  joint  brown  ;  thorax  brown  on  sides,  pale  in  middle; 
abdomen  brown  ;  legs  yellowish.  Wings  pale  brownish,  venation  darker  brown, 
interrupted  with  pale,  a  large  dark  brown  spot  over  veinlet  connecting  median 
and  cubital,  another  smaller  dark  spot  at  the  first  cross- vein  beyond,  indistinct 
clouds  over  each  gradate  series,  margin  with  black  dot  at  and  between  ends  of 
each  vein  ;  hind  wings  pale,  stigmal  region  barely  darker.  Forewings  rather 
long;  the  median  bent  toward  the  cubitus  at  connecting  veinlet,  but  not  as  much 
as  in  II.  hamuli,  three  radial  sectors;  in  the  inner  gradate  series  the  hind  cross- 


AMERICAN    NKUROPTKKA.  261 

veinlet  is  barely  if  any  beyond  tiie  precediug  veinlet,  tlie  costal  space  is  only 
moderately  broad  at  base;  in  the  hind  wings  the  foik  of  the  radial  sector  is 
plainly  before  fork  of  median  vein.     Expanse  20  mm. 

Speciinetis  from  Lake  Placid,  New  York,  August  12tli  ;  Peru, 
Mass.,  August  26th,  and  ]Mt.  Katalidin,  Maine. 

By  position  of  posterior  veinlet  of  inner  gradate  series,  and  mod- 
erate costal  area  it  is  allied  to  H.  slir/mnterus,  hut  the  shape  of 
appendages,  es[)ecially  tiie  lower  ))art,  separates  it  from  that  species. 

Ileinerobiii*^  alpe.striM  n.  sp. — Face  yellowish,  with  a  transverse  black- 
ish band  below  antenna-,  extending  down  each  side  to  the  clypeus,  cheeks  dark  ; 
antennse  pale  yellowish,  the  basal  .joint  brown,  beneath  pale,  prouotum  brown- 
ish ;  thorax  yellowish-brown  ;  abdomen  nearly  black,  with  long  golden  liair  near 
tip  above  ;  legs  pale  yellowish.  Wings  faintly  biownish,  venation  brown,  inter- 
rupted with  white,  no  large  brown  spots  on  wings,  but  the  posterior  and  outer 
margins  are  broadly  brown,  more  distinctly  brown  than  rest  of  surface,  indistinct 
clouds  over  each  gradate  veinlet;  hind  wings  pale,  stigma  rather  yellowish. 
Forewings  rather  short  and  broad,  costal  area  moderate,  last  veinlet  of  inner 
gradate  series  slightly  beyond  preceding,  the  median  is  not  bent  toward  the 
cubitus  at  the  connecting  veinlet,  which  is  nearly  as  long  as  veinlet  to  anal  ; 
three  radial  sectors;  in  the  hind  wings  the  radial  sector  forks  beyond  fork  of 
median  vein.     Expanse  13  mm. 

Sugar  Loaf  Mountain,  Colo.  (8,500  ft.).  May  lotii.     Mr.  Rohwer. 

Sisyra  apicalis  n.  sp. — Face  yellowish,  vertex  dark  brown,  both  with 
golden  hair;  antennse  yellow-brown  on  basal  joint,  jet  black  beyond  for  nearly 
two-thirds  of  its  length,  then  pale  yellowish  to  near  the  tip  which  is  black  ; 
thorax  brown;  eoxte  brown,  rest  of  legs  pale  yellowish;  abdomen  blackish. 
Wings  fumose;  veins  brown,  and  a  brown  streak  through  each  cell.  Wings 
slender;  about  seven  costal  cross-veins,  all  near  base,  radial  sector  with  three 
branches  and  connected  back  to  radius  twice,  the  first  three  veins  beyond  end  of 
radius  are  forked  only  near  margin  of  wing,  the  next  three  are  forked  near  mar- 
gin and  also  about  one-third  the  distance  across  wing.     Length  ii  mm. 

Havana,  Cuba  (Baker). 

Distinct  from  ^S'.  vicarl.a  by  smaller  size,  more  slender  wings,  fewer 
costal  cross-veins,  by  colors  of  antennae  and  minor  points. 

PANORPID^E. 

BiltaciiN  tcvvaniis  n.  sp.— Eather  reddish-yellow,  ocelli  on  black,  hind 
tarsus  brown  ;  wings  more  rufous-brown  than  in  other  species;  in  color  similar 
to  B.  mcxicanus,  the  costal  apex  of  the  wings  being  darkened  as  in  that  species; 
legs  immaculate.  Antenna-  minutely  pubescent ;  iiind  femora  swollen  on  basal 
part  as  much  as  in  occidentis,  but  the  joint  is  much  longer.  Male  genitalia  on  the 
plan  of  B.  stigmateriis,  but  the  superior  ajjpendages  are  twice  as  long  as  the  tenth 
ventral  segment,  the  tip  rounded,  hairy,  the  ujijier  edge  barely  concave,  humped 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  80i:.  XXXIV.  SEPTK.MBEK.  190b 


262  NATHAN    BANKS. 

at  base  the  slender  lower  appeiidao;es  (harpes)  are  longer  than  the  tenth  ventral 
segment,  and  a  little  more  than  one-half  as  long  as  the  upper  appendages. 

One  specimen  from  Piano,  Texas,  July  (Tucker). 
In  size  and  appearance  like  B.  mexicanus,  hut  in  that  species  the 
lower  appendages  (harpes)  are  as  long  as  the  superior  appendages. 

LTMNEPHILID^. 

Anabolia  a.!>iSiinili!ti  n.  sp. — Face  pale  yellowish,  with  yellow  hair,  and 
a  row  of  black  bristles  each  side  near  eye;  palpi  paler;  vertex  yellowish-brown, 
ocelli  rather  large,  the  discal  bristles  between  ocelli;  the  posterior  warts  small 
and  low;  basal  joint  of  antennse  brown,  beyond  yellowish,  narrowly  annulate 
with  brown  ;  pronotuni  rather  prominent,  with  many  black  bristles,  and  long 
yellow  hairs;  thorax  brown,  with  a  broad  pale  median  stripe;  abdomen  yellow- 
ish-brown, appendages  pale;  legs  pale  yellowish,  with  black  spines,  the  spurs 
1-2-3,  those  of  leg  II  and  III  very  long  and  slender,  the  subapical  on  III,  about 
one  and  one-half  its  length  from  tip;  beneath  femur  I  is  a  narrow  black  line. 
Wings  very  much  like  those  of  Anabolina  diversa,  of  a  brownish  yellow  tinge, 
with  yellow  and  black  hairs,  the  stigmal  region  brownish,  and  all  behind  cubitus 
(and  sometimes  a  little  in  front  of  it)  is  mottled  with  brown,  the  cubitus  and  anal 
veins  are  very  dark,  other  venation  brown,  interrupted  with  pale.  Forewings 
long  and  slender,  apex  rounded,  discal  cell  longer  tban  pedicel,  first  apical  about 
width  on  discal,  fourth  as  wide  as  third  at  base,  fifth  barely  in  front  of  the  anas- 
tomosis.    Expanse  26  mm. 

Prescott,  Arizona. 

Although  the  spur-formula  is  like  Ecclisopteri/x,  the  insect  is 
difierent  in  many  other  characters. 

Anabolia  nigriciila  n.  sp. — Head  black,  palpi  pale;  basal  joint  of  an- 
tennae deep  black,  rest  of  antennae  brown,  annulate  with  pale,  a  pale  streak  in 
vertex  each  side  close  to  eyes;  thorax  black,  with  a  broad  median  stripe  of  white 
pollen,  prouotum  rather  paler  above;  abdomen  brown,  apex  black,  appendages 
yellowish.  Legs  yellowish,  spines  black,  spurs  rather  short,  a  black  streak  be- 
neath at  base  of  femur  I.  Wings  brown  or  almost  black,  venation  black,  inter- 
rupted with  pale,  stigma  rather  darker,  cubitus  and  anal  veins  broadly  black,  an 
oblique  hyaline  spot  at  thyridiura  and  one  at  arcuhis,  elsewhere  there  are  many 
very  small  pale  dots,  especially  on  anterior  half  and  on  the  apical  part  of  wing. 
Hindwings  with  the  stigma  dark.  Discal  cell  of  forewings  longer  than  the  pedi- 
cel, first  apical  its  width  on  discal,  fourth  fully  as  wide  as  third  at  base,  fifth 
about  one-half  its  width  back  of  anastomosis.     Expanse  29  mm. 

Clear  Creek,  Colorado,  September  lOtli  ;  Florissant,  Colorado. 

Liiimiepliiliis  rohweri  n.  sp. — Face  pale,  with  yellow  and  black  hair; 
l>alpi  pale;  vertex  brown,  with  some  yellow  hair,  a  transverse  yellow  wart  each 
side  behind  ;  antennae  yellowish,  faintly  annulate  with  brown,  basal  joint  with 
some  black  hair;  pronotum  yellow,  with  yellow  hair;  thorax  yellow-brown, 
abdomen  darker  brown  ;  legs  yellow,  with  black  spines.     Wings  mostly  hyaline. 


AMERICAN    NKUROPTEKA.  263 

mottled  witli  pale  brown,  the  hiowii  nuicli  bioken  up,  costal  area  wholly  jiale  ;  a 
narrow  oblique  thyridio-discal  pale  stripe,  continued  outward  across  anastomosis 
and  tliroujih  the  fourth  and  base  of  fifth  apical  cells  to  the  outer  margin  of  win?;, 
basally  this  pale  stripe  extends  below  median  vein  toward  the  base  of  winp;  the 
brown  each  side  of  the  pale  stripe  is  darker  and  more  heavily  spotted  than  else- 
where; the  wliole  somewliat  resen\h\\u^  Pl<i(yphi/lax  designaia  ;  hind  wings  gray 
liyaliue,  venation  pale.  Forewings  rather  long;  discal  cell  as  long  as  pedicel  ; 
first  and  fifth  apical  cells  not  their  width  before  the  anastomosis;  in  hind  wings 
the  fourth  apical  at  base  is  about  one-half  the  width  of  the  third.  Expanse  26  mm. 

From  Fl()ri.-i.>^{viit,  Colorado,  June  22nd  (Rolnver). 

liiiiiiiepliilii*^  iiiacgillivrayi  n.  sp. — Head  yellow,  with  yellow  and 
white  hairs;  anteunse  and  palpi  i)ale  yellowish  ;  thorax  yellow,  with  yellowish 
hair;  abdomen  brown, appendages  yellowisli ;  legs  pale  yellow,  with  black  spines, 
a  few  yellow  ones  on  front  jiair.  Wings  unmarked  on  anterior  third,  beyond 
yellow-brown,  with  an  oblique  tliyridio-discal  spot,  another  in  base  of  first  sub- 
apical  and  up  to  front  of  the  anastomosis,  another  in  base  of  apical  cells,  and  one 
in  apical  part  of  the  fourtli  and  fifth  apicals  and  the  first  and  second  subapical 
cells,  all  |iale  ;  a  few  smaller  dots  in  the  brown;  hindwings  hyaline,  venation 
yellowish.  In  forewings  the  discal  cell  is  as  long  as  tlie  pedicel,  the  first  apical 
scarcely  its  widtli  on  discal,  the  fifth  hardly  before  the  anastomosis;  in  hind- 
wing  the  second,  third  and  fifth  apicals  subequal  at  base,  the  fourth  much  nar- 
rower.    Expanse  25  mm. 

From  Axtoi),  Adirondack  iNIouiitains,  New  York,  June  12-22ii(l 
(A.  D.  MacGillivray). 

Very  dLstiiict  by  sliape  of  superior  appendages  of  male. 

L.iiiiiiei>IiiliiM  (Clioiiiolauliiis)  bifidiis  n.  sp. — Face  yellow,  with 
yellowish  hair,  palpi  yellow;  vertex  brown  on  middle,  rest  yellow;  antennae 
yellow-brown,  marked  with  darker  brown  ;  posterior  warts  long  and  yellow, 
bearing  yellow  bristles;  pronotum  yellow,  with  short  yellow  hair,  and  longer 
black  bristles;  thorax  black;  abdomen  brown;  legs  all  very  pale  yellowish, 
spines  black.  Wings  heavily  mottled  with  brown,  except  on  costal  area,  the 
bases  of  ai)ical  cells  ])aler,  a  large  thyridio-discal  spot,  one  in  apex  of  subapicals, 
most  of  the  hyaline  spots  confluent,  in  general  marked  like  G.  mcestus.  The  supe- 
rior appendages  of  the  female  are  two  long  slender  ajjproximate  plates,  the  lower 
appendages  more  slender  and  projecting  beyond  upper.     Expanse  28  mm. 

Pullman,  Washington  State  (Piper).  A  male  from  Wellington, 
B.  C,  May  14,  1897,  probably  belongs  to  this  species.  It  has  a 
similar  pale  face,  large  discal  brown  spot  on  vertex,  the  tips  of  tibiae 
and  tarsal  joints  blackish  ;  the  wings  are  not  fully  colored,  but  from 
what  can  be  seen  they  are  marked  like  the  female.  The  male  geni- 
talia, as  shown  in  figures,  is  very  characteristic. 

LiiiiinepliiliiK  (Goniiotaiiliiiis)  abbrevialiis  n.  sp. — Face  black, 
with  black  and  yellow  hairs;  vertex  black,  the  discal  bristles  somewhat  behind 
the  ocelli ;  antennte  brown,  narrowly  annulate  with  i)ale,  pronotum  not  promi- 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (33*)  SEPTEMBER.  1908. 


264  NATHAN    BANKS. 

nent ;  thorax  black,  with  a  broad,  pale  median  stripe ;  abdomen  brown,  segments 
bordered  behind  with  pale;  legs  pale  yellow,  tibia  I  dusky  near  middle,  subapi- 
cal  spurs  of  hind  tibiae  fully  twice  their  length  from  the  tip.  Wings  brown,  cos- 
tal area  and  most  of  discal  to  the  anastomosis  i)aler,  base  of  apical  cells  pale,  rest 
of  apical  part  of  wings,  the  stigma  and  the  posterior  part  (except  anal  edge) 
brown,  more  or  less  spotted  with  pale;  not  many  spots  in  apical  part;  a  large 
oblique  thyridio-discal  spot,  and  many  small  ones  near  the  posterior  anastomosis 
and  along  the  anal  vein.  Discal  cell  longer  than  pedicel,  first  apical  about  one- 
half  its  width  on  discal,  fourth  about  one-half  the  width  of  third  at  base,  fifth 
not  reaching  before  the  anastomosis.  Superior  appendages  of  male  black,  slen- 
der, shorter  and  nearer  together  than  in  G.  mcestus.     Expanse  21  mm. 

From  Tabernash,  Colo.,  August  (Tucker). 

Liiniuephilu!^  (Goniotaiilins)  canadensis  n.  sp.— Face  brown, 
with  yellowish  and  black  liair,  vertex  brown,  with  stout  black  biistles  and  short 
yellow  hairs,  the  discal  pair  between  the  ocelli,  a  pair  of  submedian  warts  behind, 
and  an  oblique  one  on  each  side  near  eye,  all  bearing  long  stifl"  black  bristles. 
Abdomen  brown,  segments  margined  with  pale  behind  ;  legs  pale  yellowish,  with 
black  spines,  subapical  spurs  on  hind  tibi^  not  twice  their  length  from  tip. 
Wings  pale,  very  hairy;  costal  area  unmarked;  discal  area  to  the  anastomosis 
brownish,  with  many  small  rounded  spots,  the  apex  and  posterior  region  more 
or  less  brownish,  and  marked  with  pale  spots,  a  brownish  spot  on  the  stigma. 
Discal  cell  scarcely  as  long  as  pedicel,  first  apical  not  its  width  on  discal  cell, 
fourth  apical  nearly  as  wide  as  third  at  base,  fifth  not  one-half  its  width  back  of 
anastomosis,  the  tip  of  abdomen  of  the  female  shows  above  a  long  plate,  cleft  to 
near  its  apex.     Expanse  21  mm. 

One  from  Laval  Co.,  Canada,  June  29th  ;  another  from  Orono, 
Maine.  The  latter  is  rather  more  heavily  marked,  especially  near 
pterostigma  and  along  cubital  vein. 

Liininepliilus  (Goniolaulius)  oc«'i<lenlalis  n.  sp.— Head  black, 
clothed  with  mostly  black  hairs  and  bristles,  the  discal  bristles  are  between  the 
ocelli ;  antennse  brown,  narrowly  annulate  with  pale,  basal  joint  black  ;  pronotum 
quite  prominent,  with  many  stout  black  bri.stles,  thorax  and  abdomen  dark 
brown  or  black  ;  femora  black,  rest  of  legs  pale,  tibia  marked  in  middle,  and  apex 
of  each  tarsal  joint  black,  spines  black,  on  hind  tibiae  the  subapical  spurs  are 
about  twice  their  length  from  tip.  Wings  more  or  less  brown,  often  quite  dark, 
with  many  small  pale  spots,  the  costal  area  pale,  an  oblique  thyridio-discal  spot, 
arculus  hyaline;  very  few  spots  beyond  the  anastomosis,  and  they  are  small  ; 
stigma  rather  darker  than  rest  of  wing;  hind  wings  grayish  hyaline,  with  dark 
sti"-ma.  lu  forewings  the  discal  cell  is  rather  longer  than  the  pedicel,  the  first 
apical  is  not  its  width  on  discal  cell,  the  fourth  is  about  two-thirds  as  wide  as 
third  at  base,  the  fifth  not  before  anastomosis.  The  female  shows  two  approxi- 
mate slender  superior  appendages,  and  the  male  has  the  last  dorsal  segment  pro- 
longed in  the  middle.     Expanse  20  mm. 

Many  specimens  from  Wellington,  B.  C. ;  Tacoma,  September  5tli ; 
Pullman,  September  21st,  May  14th  ;  Teniino,  September  25th,  and 
Olympia,  all  in  Washington  State. 


AMERICAN    NEUKOPTERA.  265 

In  some  specimens  tlio  brown  along  radius,  cubitus  and  anal  vein 
and  beyond  anastomosis  is  much  darker  than  elsewhere. 

Plat.yphylax:  deMiguata  Walker. 

Tiiere  are  three  forms  of  this  species  known  to  nie,  which,  for  the 
present,  I  consider  but  varieties  of  the  one  species.  These  three 
f)rms  are  varial)le  in  the  development  of  the  median  stripe;  some- 
times interrupted  at  the  anastomosis,  sometimes  continuous;  The 
form  in  the  Northeastern  United  States  1  shall  consider  as  the  typi- 
cal P.  designata;  some,  at  least,  of  Walker's  specimens  (if  not  all) 
were  of  this  form.  The  typical  P.  designata  is  of  moderate  size, 
and  often  quite  dark  ;  the  superior  ap()endages  of  the  male  (seen 
from  the  side)  are  narrowed  above  before  tip. 

The  specimens  from  Colorado  and  further  west  are  larger,  paler, 
and  in  the  male  the  superior  appendages  (seen  from  the  side)  are 
not  narrowed  l)efore  tip.  This  form  I  call  P.  designata  var.  occi- 
dentalls.  I  have  it  from  various  places  in  Colorado,  New  Mexico, 
Washington  and  California. 

The  form  from  Alaska  is  about  the  size  of  the  typical  P.  desig- 
nata,  but  very  much  darker;  a  uniform  brown,  with  a  narrow  pale 
stripe  behind  radius,  and  the  usual  median  stripe.  In  the  male  the 
superior  appendages  (seen  from  the  side)  are  slightly  concave  below, 
and  not  narrowed  before  the  tip ;  the  lower  appendages  are  more 
acuminate  at  tip  than  in  other  varieties;  it  may  be  called  P.  desig- 
nata  var.  alaskensis. 

LEPTOCERIDJE. 

I^eptocerus  recurvatus  n.  sp. — Black,  clothed  with  white  hairs;  sides 
of  thorax  brown  ;  antennse  yellowish-browii.  narrowly  annulate  with  black,  the 
subantennal  tuft  yellow-brown  ;  legs  yellowish,  the  fore  pair  darker;  abdomen 
blackish  near  base,  pale  beyond.  Forewings  brownish,  basal  anal  area  paler, 
also  costal  area,  venation  dark  brown,  a  rather  blackish  spot  over  ends  of  first 
ai)ical  fork,  the  base  of  the  upper  branch  of  the  median  brown,  the  rest  hyaline 
until  the  anastomosis,  the  pedicels  of  forks  one  and  three  about  equal  in  length  ; 
hind  wings  more  hyaline,  the  anterior  venation  brown,  rest  paler.  Expanse 
22  mm. 

From  Westfield,  N.  Y.,  June,  July  (Woglum). 
HYDROPSYCHID^E. 

Hy dropsy <'lic  potlili  n.  sp. — Head  brown,  face  and  vertex  clothed  with 
yellowish  liair;  palpi  brown;  anteunte  pale  yellow,  with  brown  spiral  mark; 
protlionix  with  long  yellow  hairs,  and  tuft  at  base  of  wing;  dorsum  of  thorax 

TKAN.'-.  AM.   KNT.  -SOC.  XXXIV.  (34)  SEPTEMBER,  1908. 


266  NATHAN    BANKS. 

with  short  yellow  pile;  abdomen  black  above,  gray  l)elow  ;  appendages  yellow- 
ish. Wings  heavily  marked  with  brown,  a  large  pale  spot  over  arculus,  and  rest 
of  wing  guttate  with  greyish-white,  venation  brown  ;  hind  wings  with  stigma 
darker,  legs  pale  yellowish.  On  middle  tibise  basal  spurs  are  but  little  more  than 
their  length  from  base,  but  not  twice  as  far  from  apex.  In  hind  wings  no  first 
apical,  the  upper  branch  of  radial  sector  not  forked.  Male  appendages  as  fig- 
ured, apical  part  of  lower  appendages  very  slender,  upper  pair  bifid  from  side- 
view,  above  with  an  inward  directed  point.     Expanse  15  mm. 

Agricultural  College,  Michigan,  June  20tli. 

Arctopsyche  apicalis  u.  sp.— Similar  to  A.  ladogensis;  wings  pale, 
veins  fuscous,  and  more  or  less  margined  with  fuscous,  mostly  in  spots,  and  at  apex 
of  the  veins  are  other  spots,  sometimes  more  or  less  connected,  and  two  spots  on 
costa  near  the  stigma.  Body  black,  head  and  thorax  clothed  with  mostly  grey- 
ish-white hair,  some  yellow  hair  on  prothorax,  and  black  on  the  warts;  legs  pale 
yellowish,  tips  of  hind  tibiae  faintly  blackish  ;  antennte  heavy,  yellowish,  faintly 
marked  with  brown.  The  first  pair  of  spurs  on  the  middle  tibiae  are  at  about  the 
middle  of  the  length.  Discal  cell  of  forewings  much  longer  than  in  the  other 
species,  nearly  twice  as  long  as  in  A.  ladogensis.     Expanse  19-24  mm. 

Franconia,  New  Hampshire  (Mrs.  A.  T.  Slosson)  ;  Fourtli  Lake, 
Fulton  Chain,  Adirondack  Mts.,  N.  York,  June  12th  (Dickerson). 

Much  smaller  than  the  other  species,  and  also  differs  from  A. 
grandis  in  lacking  the  many  pale  spots  on  the  wings. 

Diplecf  rona  modesta  n.  sp.— Black ;  with  golden  hair  on  head  and 
thorax,  especially  on  the  warts,  between  the  antennie  and  at  bases  of  the  wings, 
rest  of  thorax  and  the  abdomen  brownish  ;  legs  pale  yellowish,  the  femora  rather 
darker;  wings  brown,  venation  brown,  surface  with  very  short  golden  hairs. 
Maxillary  palpi  very  long;  an  tennse  with  each  joint  prominent  below;  spurs  2- 
4-4,  those  on  front  pair  very  short,  and  the  first  pair  on  middle  tibiffi  are  at 
about  the  middle  of  length.  On  the  side  of  abdomen,  between  the  fourth  and 
fifth  segment  arises  a  very  slender,  stiff  filament,  which  in  the  male  reaches 
nearly  to  the  tip  of  the  body.  Wings  moderately  long ;  venation  similar  to  that 
of  D.felix,  but  the  discal  cell  is  much  longer,  and  in  the  hindwings  fork  1  is  ex- 
tremely short.     Expanse,  %  ,  17  mm. ;    9  >  19  ™™- 

Riverside,  Mass.,  June  (C.  W.  Johnson). 


AMERICAN    NEUROPTERA.  267 


PLATE  XVII. 

Fig.  l.  —  Perla  couloni,  ventral  plate. 

2.  ■'  immarginaia,       " 

3.  "  valida, 

"      4.  "  carolinensis,         " 

"      5.  "  xanthenes,  " 

"      H.  "  modesta,  " 

'■      7.  "  concolor,  male  genitalia,  .side  view. 

..        g  ..  .;  u  ..  g^^j  .. 

"      9.  "  fiiMosa,  ventral  plate. 

■'    10.  "  excavata,  " 

'■    11.  "  lycorias,  " 

"    11.  "  illnstris, 


PLATE  XVIII. 
Fig.  1. — Limuephilus  occidentalis,  femalt. 

2.  ''  rohweri,  male. 

3.  "  occidentalis,  male. 

4.  ''  canadensis,  female. 

5.  "  despectus,  female. 

6.  "  extractus,  male. 

7.  "  "  female. 

8.  "  abbreviatus,  male. 

9.  "  nebulosus,  male. 

10.  "  macgiliivrayi,  male. 

11.  "  bifidus,  male. 

12.  '■  snbmonilifer,  males. 

13.  "  bifidus,  male. 

14.  "  "        female. 

15.  "  "        female. 

16.  '■  subinonilifer,  females. 


PLATE  XIX. 


Fig.  1. — Boriomyia  pretiosa,  male,  side. 
2.  "  "  male,  above. 

3. — Hemerobius  placidus,  male,  side. 
4. — Meleoma pallida,  horn,  male. 

5.  "         verticalis,  horn,  male. 

6.  "         iunovata,  horn,  male. 
7. — Hemerobius  alpesiris,  male,  side. 
8. — Leptoceras  renirvatus,  male. 
9. — Anaholia  assimilis,  male. 

10.  ■'  "         female. 

11.  "         nigricula,  male. 
12. — Hijdropsyche  pettiii,  male. 
13. — Diplectrona  modesta,  male. 
14. — Platyphylax  alaskensis,  male,  sup.  appendage. 

15.  "  designata,  male,  sup.  appendage. 

16.  "  occidentalis,  male,  sup.  appendage. 

TBANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (34*)  SKPTKMDEK,  1908. 


Trans.  Am.  Eiit.  Soc.  Vol.  XXXIV. 


PI    XVII. 


BANKS    ON    NEUROPTERA. 


Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Vol.  XXXIV 


PI.  XVIII. 


BANKS  ON   NEUROPTERA. 


Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Vol.  XXXI V. 


PI.  XIX. 


BANKS  ON   NEUROPTERA. 


1^" 


VOLUME   XXXIV,   NUMBER   4. 


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TRANSASTIONS 


OF   THE 


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ENTOMOLOGICAL  SOCIETY 


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PUBLISHED  BY  THK  AMEKICAN  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SOCIETY    AT  THE 
ACADEMY  OF   NATURAL  SCIENCES, 

PHILADELPHIA 


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ANNETTE    F.    BRaUN.  269 


Revision  of  the  North  American  Speeics  of  the 
CienuN  LITHOCOLrETIK   lliibner. 

BY    ANNETTE    F.    BRAUN. 

From  the  Biological  Laboratory  of  the  University  of  Ciucinnati. 

(Plates  XX-XXIV.) 

PREFACE. 

In  the  present  revision,  the  American  species  of  the  genus 
Lithocolletis^  are  divided  into  several  natural  and  easily  definable 
groups,  l)ased  upon  structural  differences,  not  sufficient,  however, 
to  warrant  the  establishment  of  new  genera. 

Of  necessity,  this  work  is  far  from  complete  ;  the  West  i-emains 
practically  unexplored,  and  it  is  to  be  expected  that  a  large  number 
of  species  are  still  awaiting  description.  It  is  hoped  that  this  syste- 
matic arrangement,  and  the  collection  of  scattered  descriptions, 
rendering  identification  less  difficult,  will  result  in  increased  effort 
on  the  part  of  those  having  an  opportunity  for  breeding  and  collect- 
ing in  little  known   regions. 

It  was  the  original  purpose  to  give  illustrations  of  everv  species. 
The  plates  contain  figures  of  all  of  which  I  was  able  to  see  speci- 
mens. The  figures  were  in  all  cases  sketched  by  the  author  from 
authentic  specimens,  most  of  them  bred,  and  often  from  the  types 
themselves.  It  will  be  noticed,  however,  that  the  figures  of  six 
s|)ecies  are  lacking  :  of  one  of  these,  L.  alni  Wlsm.  (=  alnivorella 
Cham.),  I  have  seen  no  specimens  and  no  type  is  in  existence;  the 
types  of  the  other  five  are  in  the  possession  of  Lord  Walsingham, 
and  I  regret  that  my  efforts  to  secure  figures  of  these  have  been 
unsuccessful. 

In  a  number  of  cases,  where  the  original  descrij)tions  are  accu- 
rate and  have  proved  adequate  for  the  identification  of  the  species 
and  varieties,  the  original  is  reprinted.  Where  the  species  were 
described  in  German,  translations  following  as  closely  as  po.ssible 
the  original  text  are  often  given.  In  these  cases,  I  have  added  my 
notes  collected  by  breeding  and  by  the  examination  of  additional 
specimens.  Where  the  original  descri{)tion  might  have  proved  mis- 
leading through  peculiarities  of  the  specimen  described  or  throuo-h 
the  omission  of  certain  characteristics,  new  descriptions  are  printed. 
The  necessity  of  constant  reference  to  detached  fragments,  some- 

*  Lord  Walsingham,  in  the  "  Microleiiidoptera  of  Tenerife"  (Proc.  Zool.  Soc. 
Lond.,  976,  1907),  has  revived  the  name  Phijllonorycter  Hb.  for  this  genus. 

TRAN6.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (34*)  SEPTEMBER.  1908 


270  AMERICAN    MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. 

times  inaccessible,  has  also  been  a  reason  for  giving  new,  complete 
descriptions. 

Three  European  species,  formerly  included  in  our  fauna,  are 
omitted  in  the  present  revision,  viz.  :  alniella  Zell.,  blancardella 
Fab.  and  fag inella  Zell.  There  is  no  authentic  record  of  an  Ameri- 
can specimen  of  alniella;  blancardella  was  included  in  our  lists  on 
the  ground  of  the  supposed  synonomy  of  Clemens'  crakegella  with 
this  species ;  the  occurrence  of  faginella  was  based  upon  the  deter- 
mination by  Lord  Walsingham  of  a  specimen  in  Dr.  Riley's  collec- 
tion. An  examination  of  this  specimen  in  the  National  Museum 
discloses  the  fact  that  although  a  closely  related  species,  it  is  very 
distinct  from  the  true  faginella  of  Europe. 

In  many  cases,  where  species  feed  upon  plants  having  a  wide  dis- 
tribution, and  are  known  to  occur  in  widely  separated  localities,  it 
is  probable  that  the  range  of  the  species  coincides  with  that  of  its 
food  plant,  and  no  specific  localities  have  been  given  for  such  spe- 
cies. This  is  especially  true  where  the  distribution  of  the  food  plant 
covers  the  territory  included  in  the  Alleghanian,  Carolinian  and 
Austroriparian  areas,  the  "Atlantic  States  "  of  Dyar's  List. 

My  thanks  are  due  to  Mr.  W.  D.  Kearfott  for  the  loan  of  a  large 
number  of  specimens  with  notes  on  their  life  history,  for  literature 
upon  the  genus,  and  for  the  encouragement  and  assistance  which 
have  made  my  work  possible. 

To  Dr.  Edward  Meyrick  of  Marlborough,  England,  to  whose 
consideration  the  proposed  division  of  the  genus  was  submitted,  I 
am  indebted  for  the  expression  of  his  opinion  on  the  establishment 
of  the  subgenera,  and  also  for  the  comparison  of  several  American 
species  with  closely  related  European  ones. 

Through  the  kindness  of  Dr.  Heni*y  Skinner  of  the  Academy  of 
Natural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia,  and  Prof.  Samuel  Henshaw  of  the 
Museum  of  Comparative  Zoology  at  Cambridge,  Mass.,  I  was  given 
every  opportunity  to  examine  and  sketch  the  many  valuable  types 
of  species  of  this  genus. 

Dr.  James  Fletcher  has  sent  me  a  number  of  Canadian  species 
for  examination,  for  which  privilege  I  return  thanks. 

I  am  under  obligations  to  the  U.  S.  National  Museum  for  the  loan 
of  material,  and  to  Dr.  Harrison  G.  Dyar  and  Mr.  August  Busck 
for  their  courtesy  wiiile  examining  the  collection  at  Washington. 

Mr.  G.  R.  Pilate  has  kindly  sent  me  mines  of  a  number  of  spe- 
cies from  California. 

I  gratefully  acknowledge  the  assistance  I  have  received  from  the 
University  of  Cincinnati,  and  my  thanks  are  due  to  Dr.  M.  F. 
Guyer  for  his  interest  and  suggestions  during  the  progress  of  my 
work.  Annette  F.  Bkaun. 


ANNETTE    F.    BRAUN.  271 

Genus  LITHOCOLI.ETIS. 

This  genus  was  originally  established  for  a  number  of  European 
species,  which  conform  to  the  conception  of  the  genus  as  defined  by 
Dr.  Meyrick  in  his  "  Handbook  of  British  Lepidoptera,"  p.  733. 
Among  our  species  there  are  in  addition  to  the  typical  Lithocollefis, 
two  other  groups,  distinguished  by  structural  differences,  not  great 
enough  to  warrant  the  establishment  of  new  genera.  In  accordance 
with  the  opinion  expressed  by  Dr.  Meyrick  in  response  to  questions 
regarding  the  value  of  the.?e  variations  in  the  division  of  the  genus, 
the  solidaginis  group  and  that  represented  hy  desmodiella  have  been 
ranked  as  subgenera,  but  the  flat  larval  group  is  treated  as  "a  nat- 
ural and  definable  group  of  the  genus." 

In  order  to*include  all  of  the  American  species,  the  definition  of 
the  genus  must  be  somewhat  broadened,  and  it  may  then  be  charac- 
terized as  follows  : 

Head  (Plate  XX,  fig.  9). — Face  smooth,  crown  rough  tufted. 
Labial  palpi  pori'ected  or  drooping,  moderately  long,  pointed.  Max- 
illary palpi  rudimentary.  Tongue  moderate.  Antennse  nearly 
attaining  the  wing  length,  simple  in  the  male,  basal  joint  thickened, 
bearing  a  pecten  (without  a  pecten  in  subgenus  Porphyrosela). 

Forewings  elongate,  lanceolate,  acuminate. 

Hindwings  about  one-half  the  breadth  of  the  forewings,  linear 
lanceolate,  cilia  4-5. 

Venatmu  (Plate  XX,  Figs.  1,  2,  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,  8).— Forewings : 
16  simple,  3  absent,  4  absent,  5  absent  (typical  Lithoeolletis  and 
Porphyrosela),  5*  and  6  stalked  (subgenus  Cremastobombycia),  7  to 
costa,  8  absent,  10  absent,  11  absent  (subgenus  Porphyrosela).  Hind- 
wings  :  3  absent,  4  absent,  transverse  vein  absent  between  2  and  5, 
6  absent  (typical  Lithoeolletis  and  Porphyrosela),  5  and  6*  long 
stalked  (subgenus  Cremastobombycia). 

Posterior  tibim  with  appressed  hairs  (except  in  subgenus  Porphy- 
rosela). 

A\\  of  the  species  of  which  the  life  history  is  known  are  leaf 
miners  througliout  their  entire  larval  existence,  and  all,  with  the 
exception  of  ostensackenella,  pupate  within  the  mine. 

The  three  divisions  may  be  separated  by  tlie  following  characters  : 

*  Discovery  of  more  primitive  forms,  with  more  complete  venation,  may  neces- 
sitate a  change  in  the  interpretation  of  this  venation. 

TKANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  SEPTEMBER,  1908. 


272  AMERICAN    MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. 

Forewings  with  5  absent;  hind  wings  with  6  absent. 

Vein  11  of  the  forewiugs  absent;  posterior  tibige  without  hairs. 

Subgenus  Porphyrosela. 
Vein  11  of  the  forewings  present ;  posterior  tibise  with  appressed  hairs. 

Litliocolletis  Hb. 
Forewings  with  5  and  6  stalked  ;  hind  wings  with  5  and  6  stalked. 

Subgenus  Cremastobonibycia. 

L,ITHOCOI-.L>KTlS  Hiibner. 

Characters  of  LithocoUetis  as  given  in  Meyrick's  "  Handbook  of 
British  Lepidoptera,"  1895,  p.  733. 

Head  (Plate  XX,  Fig.  9).— Face  smooth,  crown  rough  tufted. 
Labial  palpi  porrected  or  drooping,  moderately  long,  pointed.  Max- 
illary palpi  rudimentary.  Tongue  moderate.  Antennse  nearly 
attaining  the  wing  length,  simple  in  male,  basal  joint  thickened, 
bearing  a  pecten. 

Forewings  elongate,  lanceolate,  acuminate. 

Hindwings  about  one- half  the  breadth  of  the  forewings,  linear 
lanceolate,  cilia  4-5. 

Venation  (Plate  XX,  Figs.  1,  2,  3,  4,  5).— Forewings :  lo  simple, 
3-5  absent,  7  to  costa,  8  absent,  10  absent.  Hindwings  :  3  absent, 
4  absent,  transverse  vein  absent  between  2  and  5,  6  absent. 

Posterior  tibice  with  appressed  hairs. 

Our  representatives  fall  naturally  into  two  distinct  and  well  de- 
fined groups,  identical,  however,  in  structural  details  of  the  imago. 
The  first,  comprising  those  species  having  a  cylindrical  larva,  agrees 
closely  with  the  European  species  in  embryonic  stages  and  in  type 
of  markings  of  the  imago.  The  second  group  includes  all  those 
species  having  a  flattened  larva,  and  is  characterized  by  a  definite 
type  of  wing  marking. 

Most  of  the  species  are  included  in  this  division,  which  is  well 
represented  in  all  parts  of  the  country.  A  very  few  of  the  species 
occur  throughout  the  entire  country;  others  are  of  comparatively 
wide  distribution  ;  a  few  appear  to  be  confined  to  a  very  limited 
area. 

The  following  characters  will  separate  the  two  groups: 

Larva  cylindrical ;  white  streaks  and  fasciic  dark  margined  internally. ..Group  I. 
Larva  flattened  ;  white  streaks  and  fasciie  dark  margined  externally. ..Group  IL 


ANNETTE    F.    BHAUN.  273 

GROUP  I. 

The  larva  of  the  first  (iroup  (Plate  XX,  fig.  11)  i^;  cylindrical  or 
subcylindrical  in  form,  and  has,  beside  the  thoracic  legs,  four  pair 
of  prolegs,  on  7,  8,  9  and  13.  It  is  usually  of  a  pale  greenish  or 
yellowish  color. 

The  mine  may  he  placed  upon  either  the  upper  or  lower  surface, 
hut  in  either  case  the  loosened  epidermis  is  lined  with  silk,  causing 
it  to  contract,  thus  producing  a  roomy,  tent-like  mine.  The  mine 
is  at  first  narrow,  somewhat  winding,  but  soon  spreads  out  into  a 
blotch,  which  sometimes  includes  the  earlier  winding  portion.  The 
outline  of  the  loosened  epidermis  represents  the  final  size  of  the 
mine,  no  further  increase  taking  place.  The  mine  may  be  oval  or 
circular,  or  in  a  few  cases,  nearly  rectangular  in  shape,  sometimes 
limited  by  two  veins.  Usually  the  larva  feeds  from  the  circumfer- 
ence inwardly;  sometimes  it  begins  at  one  end,  and  sometimes  it 
feeds  irregularly  in  spots. 

With  the  exception  of  odensackenella,  which  leaves  the  mine  to 
pupate,  the  pupa  is  formed  within  the  mine,  and  may  or  may  not  be 
enclosed  in  a  cocoon.  In  the  latter  case,  it  is  usually  suspended  in 
the  mine  by  a  thin  meshwork  of  silken  threads.  Where  a  cocoon 
is  present,  sevei'al  varieties  may  be  distinguished.  It  may  be  I'ather 
small,  ovoid,  formed  of  frass  and  silk  ;  large,  loosely  woven,  semi- 
transparent,  occupying  sometimes  nearly  one-half  the  mine;  or  an 
oval  ring  with  outlines  formed  of  frass. 

The  forewings  of  the  imagoes  are  usually  of  some  shade  of  vellow 
or  brown,  sometimes,  however,  with  the  basal  two-thirds  almost 
pure  shining  white.  Upon  this  yellowish  ground  color,  the  more  or 
less  white  markings  appear.  The  transverse  n)ai'kings  consi.-it  of 
costal  and  dorsal  streaks,  usually  curved  and  oblique,  slightly  curvetl 
or  anguhited  fascise  or  combinations  of  these.  These  streaks  or 
fascite  are  usually  margined  with  darker  scales  toward  the  base;  the 
internal  margins  of  some  of  the  streaks  are  sometimes  lacking.  In 
a  few  species  some  or  all  of  the  streaks  or  fasciae  may  be  more  or 
less  margined  externally  also,  but  in  no  case  is  the  external  margin 
heavier  than  the  internal  one,  and  in  no  case  is  an  external  margin 
present,  when  the  internal  one  is  absent.  Longitudinal  markings, 
when  present,  consist  of  a  nunlian  streak  from  the  base,  sometimes 
accompanied  by  streaks  along  the  costal  and  dorsal  margins.     The 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (35)  SEPTEMBER.  1908. 


274  AMERICAN    MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. 

apex  sometimes  contains  a  well-defined,  regularly  shaped  black  dot, 
formed  of  closely  overlapping  scales.  In  other  species,  these  scales 
are  more  or  less  scattered. 

In  the  synoptic  table,  and  as  a  factor  in  the  sequence  of  the  spe- 
cies, the  use  of  the  term  "apical  spot"  or  "apical  dot"  has  been 
restricted  to  those  species  in  which  the  apical  dot  is  circular  or 
nearly  so,  and  is  not  connected  with  a  streak  of  scattered  scales  ex- 
tending along  the  middle  of  the  wing  before  the  apex.  L.  fitchella 
and  L.  lucidicostella  possess  typical  apical  dots.  Typically,  this  dot 
is  placed  at  the  apex  of  the  wing  membrane.  In  intermediate 
forms,  such  as  morrisella,  uhlerella,  gemmea,  the  apical  spot  may  be 
so  increased  in  size  as  to  occupy  the  entire  apical  portion  of  the 
wing. 

The  white  costal  and  dorsal  streaks  occupy  the  interspaces  be- 
tween the  veins.  The  veins  then,  within  certain  variable  limits, 
determine  the  position  of  these  marks.  The  first  costal  streak  is 
placed  beyond  vein  12,  and  is  the  most  variable  in  position  ;  the 
second  just  before  11;  the  third  between  11  and  9;  the  fourth  be- 
tween 9  and  7 ;  rarely  a  fifth  between  7  and  the  apex.  In  those 
species  with  but  three  costal  streaks,  the  one  between  9  and  7  is 
absent,  and  vein  9  reaches  the  costa  nearer  the  apex,  permitting  the 
third  costal  streak  to  be  shifted  backward. 

Of  the  dorsal  streaks  those  at  the  tornus  and  beyond  it  are  the 
most  constant  in  position.  Those  along  the  dorsal  margin  have  no 
defined  position. 

The  species  may  be  sepai-ated  as  follows : 

A.  Grouud  color  of  the  forewings  pure  white,  marked  with  fuscous  irrorated 

bauds  and  bars bataviella,. 

A  A.  Grouud  color  of  the  forewings  not  entirely  pure  white. 
B.  Forewings  dusted  with  fuscous  scales. 
C.     Costal  and  dorsal  streaks  large,  conspicuous  and  curved  backward. 
D.  Size  large  (9-10.5  mm.) ;  ground  color  reddish. .  .treiniiloidiella. 
DD.  Size  moderate  (7-8  mm.)  ;  ground  color  not  reddish. 

salic'ifoliella. 
CC.  Costal  and  dorsal  streaks  narrow,  straight,  forming  angulated  fascia'. 

celliroliella. 
BB.  Forewings  not  dusted. 
0.  With  an  apical  dot  (indistinct  in  arbittiisella,  insignis  and  obsoleia). 
D.  Without  a  complete  median  fascia. 

E.  One  white  dorsal  streak  before  the  tornus. 

F.  Two  white  costal  streaks triiiotella. 

FF.  Three  white  costal  streaks quercialbella. 


ANNETTE    F.    BRAUN.  llO 

FFF.  Four  white  costal  streaks. 

G.  Basal  half  of  forewings  pure  white clemensella. 

GG.  A  golden  basal  streak  from  base  to  near  middle. 

H.  Basal  streak  margined  with  dark  brown  on  its  lower  edge. 

argent  ifinibriella. 

HH.   Basal  streak  unmargined liicidieoMtella. 

EE.  Two  white  dorsal  streaks  before  the  tornus. 
F.  With  a  median  pale  basal  streak. 
G.  Basal  streak  extended  across  the  fold  to  the  dorsum. 

H.  Basal  streak  confluent  with  the  upper  edge  of  the  first  dorsal 

streak insignia. 

HH.  Basal  streak  not  confluent  with  the  first  dorsal  streak. 

I.  Basal  streak  extended  to  the  costa arbiitlisella. 

II.  Basal  streak  not  extended  to  the  costa Iiageni. 

GG.  Basal  streak  not  extended  to  the  dorsum. 

H.  Basal  streak  confluent  with  the  upper  edge  of  the  first  dorsal 

streak insignia. 

HH.  Basal  streak  not  confluent  with  the  first  dorsal  streak. 

I.  First  dorsal  streak  short  and  broad,  produced  to  the  base. 

albanotella. 

II.  First  dorsal  streak    extending  more  than  half   way  across 

the  wing. 
J.  A  white  costal  streak  from  base  to  one-third. ..rileyella. 
JJ.  No  such  streak. 

K.  Basal  streak  dark  margined  toward  costa. 

L.  First  dorsal  streak  very  long,  reaching  apex  of  .second 

costal obwciirieostella. 

LL.  Apex  of  first  dorsal  streak  opposite  that  of  first  costal. 

M.  Head  and  thorax  white oil Vieforiiiis. 

MM.  Head  and  thorax  reddish-safl'ron. 

kearfbttflla. 
KK.  Basal  streak  unmargined. 

L.  Thorax  and  basal  portion  of  forewings  shining  white. 

caryicalbella. 
LL.  Thorax  and  basal  portion  of  forewings  not  white. 

ostryti'fbIi<>lla. 
FF.  Without  a  median  pale  basal  streak. 

G.  Apex  of  first  dorsal  streak  opposite  the  a])ex  of  second  costal. 

H.  First  dorsal  streak  very  large fitchella. 

HH.  First  dorsal  streak  not  larger  than  opposite  costal  streak. 

rubiniella. 
GG.  Apex  of  first  dorsal  streak  opposite  the  apex  of  first  costal. 

H.  Pale  markings  very  indistinct obsolota. 

HH.  Pale  markings  well  defined. 

I.  Apex  of  second  dorsal  streak  opposite  the  space  between  the 

second  and  third  costal  streaks;  margins  of  ojiposite 
streaks  never  uniting Nexiiolella. 

II.  Apex  of  second  dorsal  streak  opposite  second  costal  ;  mar- 

gins of  opposite  streaks  uniting tPriferella. 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  80C.  XXXIV.  SEPTKM  BER.  1908. 


276  AMERICAN    MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. 

EEE.  Three  large  white  dorsal  streaks  before  the  tornus,  curving  back- 
ward   leucotliorax. 

DD.  With  a  complete  median  fascia. 

E.  Three  posterior  costal  streaks inartiella. 

EE.  Two  posterior  costal  streaks. 
F.  Dorsal  half  of  the  wing  below  the  fold  dark  brown. 

G.  A  silvery  basal  streak  in  the  fold inorriNellH. 

GG.  No  basal  streak ulilerella. 

FF.  Dorsal  half  of  the  wings  not  darkened g<'iiiinea. 

CC.  Without  an  apical  dot. 

D.  Oblique  costal  and  dorsal  streaks,  rarely  meeting;  no  straight  fascia, 
sometimes  one  acutely  angulated  fascia. 

E.  Basal  streak  very  short  and  indistinct aiironiteiiN. 

EE.  Basal  streak  long. 

F.  A  median  angulated  fascia  of  equal  width  throughout ;  white  marks 

dusted  internally celti»«ella. 

FF.  Fascia,  if  present,  formed  by  the  meeting  of  opposite  streaks. 
G.  With  three  long  dorsal  streaks  before  the  tornus. 

H.  Five  costal  streaks ai'geiitiiiof ella. 

HH.  Two  costal  streaks,  first  opposite  second  dorsal  streak. 

occitaiiica. 
GG.  With  two  dorsal  streaks  before  the  tornus. 

H.  Basal  streak  unmargined,  or  margined  toward  its  apex  only. 

I.  Markings  usually  very  indistinct  and  ill-defined  ;  sometimes 

a  median  angulated  fascia apit'iiiigrella. 

II.  Markings  well  defined;  never  with  a  median  fascia. 

J.  Basal  streak   confluent    with  the  upiier  edge  of  the  first 
dorsal  streak. 

K.  Forewiugs  pale,  grayish ...  -salicivorella. 

KK.  Forewings  not  grayish deceptiiNella. 

JJ.  Basal  streak  not  confluent  with  first  dorsal  streak. 

K.  First  pair  of  streaks  very  oblique  and  extended  along 

the  margins  to  base ba!«i»ilrigella. 

KK.  First  pair  of  streaks  not  extended  to  base. 
L.  Apical  third  of  basal  streak  bent  toward  costa. 

M.  Margin  of  first  dorsal    streak    bent    backward    on 

fold >«cufl«lerclla. 

MM.  Margin  of  first  dorsal  streak  not  bent  l):ickward 

on  fold diapliaiiella. 

LL.  Basal  streak  straight  or  curved  downward. 

ill  can  Vila. 
HH.  Basal  streak  dark  margined  toward  the  costa. 

I.  Costal  margin  white  from  base  to  near  one-third. 

popiiliella. 

II.  Costal  margin  not  white  from  base. 

.J.  Three  costal  streaks inaiiniaIiroli«'ll]i. 

JJ.   Four  costal  streaks. 


ANNETTE    F.    BRAUN.  277 

K.  Posterior  tarsi  whitish. 

L.  Two  dorsal  streaks  above   the   tornus,  each    uniting 

with  its  corresponding  costal  streak ledella. 

LL.  One  dorsal  streak  above  the  tornus iiliii. 

aliiivolella. 
KK.  Posterior  tarsi  fuscous  above,  or  tipped  with  black. 
L.  First  dorsal  streak  short,  not  attaining  the  fold. 

niiuutella. 
LL.  First  dorsal  streak  very  long. 

M.  First  dorsal  streak  beginning  much  nearer  the  base 
than  first  costal ;  expanse  8-9  mm. 

propinqiiiiiella. 
MM.  First  dorsal  streak  beginning  nearly  opposite  first 

costal,  expanse  G.5-7  mm crata'gella. 

DD.  Usually  two  complete  fasciae ;  if  but  one,  median  and  nearly  straight. 
E.  A  median  fascia;  two  posterior  costal  streaks. 

F.  Basal  portion  of  the  wing  shining  white Iiicetiolla. 

FF.  Basal  portion  of  the  wing  golden syinplioricarpella. 

ElE.  Two  complete  fascite. 

F.  Head  and  thorax  pure  white tiliacella. 

FF.  Head  and  thorax  not  white. 
G.  Two  posterior  costal  streaks. 

H.  Head  and  base  of  wings  dark  brown-  .osteusackeuella. 
HH.  Head  and  base  of  wings  not  dark  brown. 

I.  Fascise  nearly  straight. 

J.  Apex  of  wing  dusted tritaeiiiaiK'lla. 

JJ.  Apex  of  wing  not  dusted alliiiis. 

II.  Fasciae  distinctly  bent  outward  near  the  middle. 

inariteella. 

GG.  Three  posterior  costal  streaks. 

H.  Costal  arm  of  each  fascia  bioadly  dusted  internally. 

fra$;ilella. 
HH.  Fasciie  not  dusted  internally oregoueiisis. 

Litliocolletis  filcliella  Clemens. 
(Plate  XXI.  Fig.  1.) 

Lithocolletis  fitcheUa  Clem.,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  207,  I860.— Tin.  No.  Am., 
139,  1872.— Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  iii,  183.  1871.— Cin.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  i, 
201,  1874.— Packard.  Guide  Stud.  Ins.,  333,  1869.— Chambers,  Bull. 
Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  iii,  139,  1877.— Can.  Ent.,  xi,  90,  1879.— Frey  and 
Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxix,  260, 1878.— Busck,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash., 
V,  204,  1903. -Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6253. 

Syn.  qnercifoliella  Fitcli,  Fifth  Kept.  Ins.  N.  Y..  327,  1859. — quercitorum  Frey  and 

Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxiv,  207,  1873. — Zeller,  Verh.  zool.-bot.  Ges. 

Wien.,  XXV,  346,  1875. — Chambers,  Cin.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  i,  201, 1874  ;  ii, 

229,  1875.— Bull.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  iii.  139,  141,  1877. 

"  Head,  face  aud  thorax  silvery  white.     Labial  palpi  tipped  with  pale  ocher- 

ous.     Antenn;e  pale  saffron  ;  basal  joint  silvery  white.     Forewings  i)ale  reddish- 

.saffrou  ;  with  a  slight  brassy  hue.     .\long  the  costa  are  five  silvery-white  costal 

TRANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  SEPTEMBER,  1908 


278  AMERICAN    MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. 

streaks,  all  black-margined  internally  except  the  first,  which  is  very  oblique  and 
continued  along  the  costa  to  the  base  of  the  wing.  All  the  costal  streaks  are 
short  except  the  first.  On  the  inner  margin  are  two  conspicuous  silvery  dorsal 
streaks,  dark-margined  internally,  the  first  very  large,  and  placed  near  the  mid- 
dle of  the  inner  margin,  the  second  opposite  the  third  costal  streak.  At  the  tip 
is  a  small  round  black  spot,  placed  above  the  middle  of  the  wing.  Cilia  silvery 
gray  tinted  with  saffron.     Hindwings  grayish  fuscous;  cilia  paler." 

The  above  is  a  reprint  of  Clemens'  description.  Although 
Clemens  makes  no  mention  of  it  in  his  description,  there  is  a  very 
distinct  black  hook  in  the  cilia  above  the  apical  spot.  Alar  ex- 
panse 7.5-8  mm. 

The  larva  mines  the  underside  of  oak  leaves,  forming  a  tentiform 
mine,  of  which  the  loosened  epidermis  is  slightly  wrinkled  at 
maturity.     The  pupa  is  suspended  in  a  slight  web  of  silk. 

LiitUocolletis  leucotliorax  Walsingham. 
Plate  XXI,  Fig.  2. 
Lithocolletis  lencothorax  Walsingham,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  xxxiii,  223,  1907. 

"Antennae  pale  saffron.     Palpi  white.     Head  pale  saflfron  ;  face  white. 

"  Forewings  pale  saffron,  the  extreme  costa  whitish  from  the  base,  with  two 
very  oblique,  shining  whitish  costal  streaks  tending  outward,  the  first  at  the 
middle,  the  second  beyond  it,  and  two  much  shorter  streaks  in  the  costal  cilia 
pointing  inward — all  anteriorly  dark  margined  ;  on  the  dorsum  are  three  very 
conspicuous,  broad,  white  streaks,  tending  obliquely  outward,  the  first  and  sec- 
ond before  the  middle,  the  third  beyond  it — these  are  all  also  anteriorly  mar- 
gined with  ferruginous,  the  ferruginous  shades  bent  outward  about  the  middle 
of  the  wing  giving  them  an  angulated  appearance;  cilia  shining,  saffron,  a  small 
blackish  apical  dot  and  a  dark  line  running  from  it  through  the  cilia  toward  the 
tornus.     Alar  expanse  8.5  mm. 

"Hindwings  whitish  gray;  cilia  grayish.  Abdomen  tinged  with  saffron  ;  anal 
tuft  grayish.     Hind  tibiae  yellowish  white,  very  faintly  spotted." 

Described  by  Lord  Walsingham  from  a  specimen  collected  by 
Mr.  A.  Koebele,  in  the  Santa  Cruz  Mountains,  California.  Mr. 
W.  D.  Kearfott  has  this  species  from  Colfax,  Placer  County,  Cali- 
fornia, May  1-lOth  (A.  H.  Vachell,  collector). 

liitkocolletiis  bataviella  sp.  nov. 
Plate  XXI,  Fig.  3. 
Antennje  wliitish,  banded  above  with  dark  gray.    Face  and  pal])i  white.    Tuft 
white  and  gray  intermixed. 

Thorax  white,  dusted  with  gray  scales.  Forewings  white;  the  markings  con- 
sisting of  darker  angulated  fasciaj  formed  by  gray-tipi)ed  whitish  scales,  with  a 
faint  golden  brown  lustre  at  their  bases.  At  the  base  of  the  costa,  is  a  patch  of 
these  scales.  Within  the  basal  fourth  is  an  angulated  fascia,  sometimes  consist- 
ing only  of  the  line  of  black  scales  which  forms  its  outer  border,  and  sometimes 


ANNETTE    F.    BRAUN.  279 

iuterrupted  beneath  the  angle;  sometimes  the  gray  scales  extend  to  the  base  of 
the  wing.  Just  before  the  middle  is  a  second  angnlate.d  fascia,  with  its  dorsal 
arm  more  nearly  perpendicular  than  that  of  the  first  fascia,  also  dark  margined 
on  its  outer  side.  Beyond  this  is  a  somewhat  Y-shaped  mark,  with  its  arms  rest- 
ing on  the  costa  and  enclosing  between  them  a  small  inwardly  dark  margined 
white  costal  streak.  The  outer  margin  of  this  mark  is  angulated  or  interrupted, 
emitting  at  the  angle  a  streak  of  gray  scales.  This  streak  unites  with  an  out- 
wardly concave  fascia  near  the  apex.  The  apical  part  of  the  wing  is  dusted  with 
gray  scales,  with  a  few  black  scales  at  the  apex.  A  marginal  row  of  gray-tipped 
scales  passes  around  the  apex  to  the  tornus.  Cilia  pale  gray.  Expanse  7-7.5  mm. 
Hind  wings  and  cilia  gray.  Abdomen  gray  above,  with  paler  anal  tuft,  whitish 
beneath.     Legs  pale  grayish,  tarsi  tipped  with  black. 

Described  from  eight  specimens,  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  April  13-29th. 

Not  closely  related  to  any  described  American  species,  but 
approaching  the  European  sylvella  more  closely  than  any  other 
species. 

liithocolletis  triiiotella  Braun. 
Plate  XXI,  Fig.  4. 
LithocoUetis  irinotella  Braun,  Ent.  News,  xix,  99,  1908. 

Palpi,  face,  tuft  and  antennje  glistening  snowy  white;  antennae  faintly  annu- 
late above  with  ocherous. 

Thorax  and  basal  two-thirds  of  the  forewings  glistening  white,  below  the  fold 
somewhat  suffused  with  yellow;  apical  third  of  the  wings  pale  golden.  A  pale 
golden  basal  streak  begins  on  the  costa,  extends  nearly  parallel  to  the  costa  for 
one-fourth  the  wing  length,  then  is  bent  downward  and  passes  parallel  to  the 
fold  into  the  golden  apical  portion  of  the  wing.  In  the  apical  portion  there  are 
two  costal  white  wedge-shaped  streaks  and  a  similar  dorsal  one  just  before  the 
tornus,  opposite  the  first  costal  streak;  all  are  internally  margined  with  pale 
fuscous.  A  black  apical  spot.  A  pale  fuscous  marginal  line  in  the  cilia.  Cilia 
whitish,  faintly  tinged  with  yellow.     Alar  expanse  5  mm. 

Hindwings  and  cilia  whitish.  Abdomen  pale  grayish  ocherous  above,  whitish 
beneath.     Legs  whitish. 

The  unique  type,  a  male,  was  taken  in  Essex  County  Park,  New- 
Jersey,  by  Mr.  W.  D.  Kearfott,  April  26th. 

Litliocolletis  qiiercialbella  Fitch. 
Plate  XXI,  Fig.  5. 

Argyromujes  qiiercialbella  Fitch,  Eept.  Ins.  N.  Y.,  v.  328,  1859. 

Lithocollelis  qnercialhella  Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  iii,  57,  1871. — Walsingham,  Ins. 
Life,  ii,  25,  1889;  iii.  325,  1S91.— Dyar,  Hull.,  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902, 
No.  6259. 

Syn.  quercibella  Chambers,  Cin.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  ii,  102,  1875.— Walsingham,  Ins. 
Life,  ii,  77,  1889. — qnercipnlchella  Chambers,  Bull.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  iv, 
120,  1878.— Packard,  Bull.  Ent.  Comm.,  vii,  53,  1881.— Walsingham, 
Ins.  Life,  ii,  77,  1889. — qnercipulchrella  Riley,  Smith's  List  Lep.  Bor. 
Am.,  109,  1891. 

TEANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC,  XXXIV.  SKPTEMBKR,  1908. 


280  AMERICAN    MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. 

Face,  palpi,  tuft  and  antennje  white,  extreme  tips  of  antennae  dark  brown. 
Thorax  and  basal  two-thirds  of  the  forewings  shininjj  white;  apical  third  suf- 
fused with  golden.  A  rather  broad  golden  basal  streak  begins  at  the  base  on  the 
costa  and  extends  parallel  to  the  fold,  to  the  middle  of  the  wing.  In  the  ajiical 
golden  portion  of  the  wing,  there  are  three  costal  white  streaks,  all  dark  mar- 
gined internally,  and  nearly  perpendicular  to  the  margin.  Opposite  the  first 
costal  streak  a  dorsal  white  streak,  dark  margined  internally;  ojjposite  the  sec- 
ond costal  streak  is  a  second  indistinct  dorsal  streak.  A  black  apical  spot.  Oilifi 
whitish,  tipped  with  fuscous  around  the  apes.  Marginal  line  in  the  cilia  dark 
brown.     Expanse  7  mm. 

Hindwings  and  cilia  pale  grayish  ocherons.  Abdomen  grayish  ocheious 
above,  whitish  beneath.     Legs  whitish  ocherous. 

Eastern  United  States. 

The  larvae  make  tentiform  mines  on  the  underside  of  the  leaves  of 
various  species  of  oak. 

Fitch  in  his  description  says  "three  or  four  costal  streaks,"  mak- 
ing the  description  applicable  to  two  species,  argentijimhriella  Clem, 
and  quercialhella  Fitch.  Lord  Walsingham  (Ins.  Life,  iii,  326, 
1891)  distinguishes  quercialhella  from  argentifimbriella  by  its  hav- 
ing three  instead  of  four  costal  streaks.  In  order  to  avoid  needless 
confusion,  the  name  quercialhella  should  be  retained  for  the  species 
having  three  costal  streaks,  although  Fitch's  supposed  type  of  qi(er- 
cialbella  in  the  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.  collection  is  a  specimen  of  argenti- 
jimhriella. 

LiilhocolletiN  c*Ieinen»>ella  Chambers. 

(Plate  XXI,  Fig.  6.) 
Lithocolletis  demensella  Chambers.  Can.  Ent.,  iii,  57,  85.  1871;  xi,  91, 1879. — Wals- 
ingham. Ins.  Life,  ii,  25,  1889.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902. 
No.  6256. 
"Silvery  or  glisteniug  white.     Antennse  annulate  above  with  brownish.     Api- 
cal half  of  the  anterior  wings  pale  golden,  with  four  silvery  white  costal  and  two 
dorsal  streaks  all  dark  margined  internally.     The  dark  margin  of  the  first  costal 
streak  distinct,  oblique,  and  produced  along  the  costa  towards  the  base.      The 
first  dorsftl  streak  opposite  to  the  second  costal,  oblique  pointing  to  the  third  cos- 
tal.    No  basal  streak.     Apical  spot  black,  nearly  circular.    Hinder  marginal  line 
at  the  base  of  the  dorsal  cilia  brownish,  broad,  continuous  with  the  hind  margin 
of  the  second  dorsal  streak,  and  reaching  to  but  not  passing  around  the  apical 
spot;  cilia   silvery -tinged    with    i)ali'    golden.      Alar   expanse   one-fourth    inch. 
Kentucky — common." 

The  above  is  Chambers'  des(;ription  of  the  species.  It  is  common 
at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  and  mav  be  bred  fi'om  tentifoini  mines  on  the 
underside  of  leaves  of  sugpr  ^»le.  The  pupa  is  suspended  in  the 
mine  by  a  few  silken  threads.  The  expanse  of  the  imago  is  6-6.5 
ram. 


ANNETTE    F.    BHAUN.  281 

L<ithocoIleti»i  argentifiiiibriella  Cleniens. 
Plate  XXI,  Fig.  7. 
Lithocolletis  argentifimbriella  Clemens,  Proc.  Acad.  Xat.  Sci.  Phil.,  318,  321,  1859. — 
Tin.  No.  Am.,  39,  64,70,  1872.— Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  iii,57,  85,  1871.— 
Cin.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  i,  201.  1874;  ii,  229,  1875.— Frey  and  Boll,  Steti,. 
ent.  Zeit.,  xxxiv,  209,  1873.— Walsingham.  Ins.  Life,  iii,  325,  1891.— 
Busck,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  v.  188,  1903.— Dyar.  Bull.  52.  U.  S.  Nat. 
Mus.,  1902,  No.  6258. 
Syn.  longistriata  Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxiv,  209,  1873.— Chambers, 
Cin.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  ii,  229,  1875.— Walsingham,  Ins.  Life,  ii,  325, 1891. 
longirostrata  Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  550,  1902. — fuscocostella 
Chambers,  Cin.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci..  ii,  102,  1875 — Walsingham,  Ins.  Life, 
ii,  25,  1889. 
"Antennpe  silvery,  annulated  with  darkish  brown.     Head,  front  and  thorax 
silvery-white.      Anterior  wings  silvery,  pale  golden  from  nearly  the  middle  to 
the  tip,  with  a  long  basal  dark  brow.i  streak  marsMied  above  with  golden,  ex- 
tending nearly  to  the  first  costal  «>.reak.      Thf^n    ire  four  silvery  costal  streaks, 
all  dark  margined,  the  first  vt^.y  oblique,  the  second  convex  toward  the  base  of 
the  wing.      The  first  costal  dark  .nargin  is  decided  and  extended  on  the  costa 
toward  the  base.      Two  silvert  dar\  margined  dorsal  streaks,  the  first  opii'>'ite 
the  second   costal  streak.     The  apical  spot  black,   hinder  marginal   line  dark 
brown,  cilia  silver-gray.     Hindwings  silver-gray,  cilia  the  same." 

The  above  is  Clemens'  description. 

The  larva  makes  a  tentiform  mine  on  the  underside  of  leaves  of 
oaks.     The  pupa  is  suspended  in  the  mine  in  a  thin  web. 

The  imago  may  easily  be  distinguished  from  L.  uicidicodella, 
which  it  most  closely  resembles,  by  having  a  ies"-  jKMtion  of  the  wing 
golden  ;  and  by  difterences  in  the  basal  strei^k.  which  in  L.  argenti- 
fimhriella  is  longer,  narrower  and  dar':  'irown,  margined  above  by 
a  narrow  golden  line.  In  L.  IviJicostella  the  basal  streak  is 
entirely  golden.      Expanse  6.5-7  mm. 

The  type  of  iongistriaia  F.  &  B.  at  the  Museum  of  Comparative 
Zoology,  Cambridge,  Mass.,  is  identical  with  argentifimbriella  Clem. 

Liithocolletis  lucidico!>itella  Clemens. 
Plate  XXI,  Fig.  8. 
Lithocolletis  lucidicostella  Clemens,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  318,  1859. — Tin.  No. 
Am.,  39,  64,  66,  1872.— Chambe*^,  Ci'i.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  ii,  102.  1875.— 
Can.  Ent.,  iii.  57,  1871.— Busck,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  v,  187,  1903.— 
Dyar,  Bull.  52.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus..  1902,  No.  6257. 
Syn.  ludicostella  Riley,  Smith's  List  Lep.  Bor.  Am.,  109,  1891. 

"Antennie  white.  Head  and  tuft  silv  i  /  white.  Forewings,  basal  portion 
silvery  white  to  the  middle,  with  a  dis;';;.  pale  golden  streak  from  the  base, 
retreating  from  the  costa  before  reaching  the  middle  of  the  wing  and  somewhat 

TKANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (36)  SKPTEM  BEE,  1908. 


282  AMERICAN    MICKO-I.EPIDOPTERA. 

suffused  with  golden  beneath  the  fold.  From  the  middle  to  the  tip  pale  golden, 
with  fonr  costal  silvery  streaks,  dark  margined  internally  and  two  dorsal  silvery 
streaks,  the  first  opposite  the  second  costal  streak  and  both  dark  margined  inter- 
nally; the  first  costal  streak  not  decidedly  dark  margined.  Apical  spot  black. 
Hinder  marginal  line  in  the  cilia  dark  brown  ;  cilia  pale  gray.  Hindwings  shin- 
ing bluish  gray  ;  cilia  gray. 

"The  larva  mines  the  under  side  of  the  maple  leaf,  Acer  saccharinnm,  in  July, 
September  and  October.  The  head  is  pale  brown ;  body  pale  green,  colored 
darker  by  the  ingesta.  "  Frass"  collected  into  a  ball  within  the  mine.  The 
pupa  is  suspended  in  a  web  of  silk  within  the  mine." 

The  above  is  Clemens'  description.  As  noticed  by  Stainton,  the 
statement,  "  the  first  costal  streak  not  decidedly  dark  margined,"  is 
an  error.  This  streak  is  decidedly  dark  margined,  as  is  also  the 
first  dorsal.  The  extent  of  the  wing  suflTused  with  golden  also 
varies;  in  some  specimens  being  merely  a  golden  line  extending 
from  the  golden  apical  half  of  the  wing  along  the  fold  toward  the 
base;  in  others  the  entire  basal  half  of  the  wing  below  the  fold  is 
golden.     Expanse  6.5  mm. 

liithocolletis  albanotella  Chambers. 

Plate  XXI,  Fig.  9. 

Lithocolletis  albanotella  Chambers,  Cin.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  ii,  101,  1875.— Dyar,  Bull. 

52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902.  No.  6263. 
Syn.  subaureola  Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxix,  262,  1878.— Walsingham, 
Ins.  Life,  ii,  25,  1889;  iii,  325,  1891.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus., 
No.  6260. 

Antennte  white,  dark  brown  at  the  apex.  Face  and  palpi  shining  snow-white. 
Tuft  white,  mixed  with  pale  yellowish  brown  scales. 

Thorax  shining  white.  Forewings  pale  golden  brown.  There  is  a  broad  white 
basal  streak  ending  in  a  point  at  about  two-fifths  of  the  wing  length  and  black 
margined  toward  the  costa.  At  the  basal  third  is  a  very  oblique  costal  streak, 
with  its  internal  black  margin  produced  along  the  costa  to  the  base.  Opposite  to 
its  apex  is  the  apex  of  the  larger  first  dorsal  streak,  which  is  continued  as  a 
broad  band  along  the  dorsal  margin  to  the  base.  Near  the  base  it  is  confluent 
with  the  basal  streak,  leaving  only  a  narrow  streak  of  the  ground  color  between 
its  apex  and  the  basal  streak.  The  black  margin  at  the  apex  of  the  first  dorsal 
streak  extends  along  its  upper  edge  toward  the  base  for  a  greater  or  less  distance. 
In  the  apical  half  of  the  wing  are  three  costal  and  one  or  two  dor.sal  streaks. 
Second  costal  and  dorsal  streaks  opposite  each  other,  sometimes  meeting,  and 
their  oblique  dark  internal  margins  often  uniting  in  the  middle  of  the  wing. 
Third  and  fourth  costal  streaks  nearly  perpendicular,  the  fourth  sometimes  un- 
margined.the  third  opposite  the  third  dorsal  streak,  which  is  often  small  or  indi- 
cated by  its  dark  margin  only.  A  black  apical  spot  with  a  few  silvery  scales 
before  it.  A  dark  marginal  line  in  the  cilia,  which  are  pale  golden  around  the 
apex,  with  a  gray  streak  below  the  fourth  costal  streak,  shading  to  grayish  white 
toward  the  tornus.     Expanse  6-7.5  mm. 


ANNETTE    F.    BKAUN.  283 

Hindwings  and  cilia  pale  grayish  ocherous  in  the  male,  more  ocherous  in  the 
female.  Abdomen  above,  gray  in  the  male,  ocherous  in  the  female,  whitish 
beneath.  Legs  and  tarsi  whitish  gray,  except  the  first  pair,  which  are  fuscous 
on  their  anterior  edges. 

Ohio,  Kentucky  (Chambers),  Texa.s  (Boll).     Chambers  records 
it  on    Quercus  nigra  L. ;   Boll    bred    it   from    Quercus  maerocnrpa 
Michx.  in  Texas.     I  have  bred  it  at  Cincin- 
nati  on    Quercus   macrocarpa   and    Quercus 
platanoides.      The    rather    small    tentiform 
mine  may  be  placed  either  at  the  edge  of 
the  leaf  or  between  two  veins,  the  loo.sened 
epidermis  being  thrown  into  numerous  longi- 
mn^oiL.aibanoteiia.       tu,]i„al  wrinkles.     The  pupa  is  enclosed  in 
in  a  rather  large  semi-transparent  ovoid  silken  cocoon. 

The  type  of  Chambers'  albanofella  at  Cambridge  consists  of  abdo- 
men and  hind  wings  only,  which  are  pale  grayish  ocherous.  His 
description  of  the  species  was  made  from  a  rubbed  specimen,  but 
agrees  with  that  of  subaureola  in  all  details,  with  the  exception  of 
"  basal  fourth  of  the  costa  white."  As  Chambers'  type  was  a 
female,  and  in  the  female  the  costal  portion  of  the  wings  toward  the 
base  is  much  paler,  this  error  in  the  description  was  probably  due 
to  the  condition  of  his  specimen. 

Liithocolletis  insignis  Walsingham. 
Plate  XXI,  Fig.  10. 
Lithocolletis  insignis  Walsingham,  Ins.  Life,  ii,  117,  1889. — Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S. 
Xat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6255. 

"Antennse  yellowish,  unspotted.  Palpi  white.  Face  white,  frontal  tuft  white, 
with  a  few  saflFron  scales.     Thorax  white. 

"Forewings  pale  saffron,  with  a  rather  golden  tinge;  a  broad  white  basal 
streak  on  the  upper  half  of  the  wing,  running  parallel  to  the  costal  margin  for 
one-third  the  wing  length,  thence  deflexed  and  confluent  with  the  middle  of  the 
upper  edge  of  the  first  very  broad  white  dorsal  streak.  The  basal  streak  is  some- 
times extended  at  the  base  across  the  fold  reaching  to  the  dorsal  margin,  thus 
leaving  between  itself  and  the  first  dorsal  streak  a  small  curved  oblique,  saffron 
streak;  sometimes  it  is  not  thus  projected  across  the  fold,  but  upon  the  dorsal 
margin  beneath  it  is  found  a  separate  short  dorso-basal  vvliite  dash.  Above  and 
slightly  beyond  the  (loint  at  which  the  broad  basal  streak  is  deflexed  there  is  a 
very  oblique  costal  streak,  somewhat  triangular,  with  its  apex  reaching  nearly 
to  the  apex  of  the  much  larger  first  dorsal  streak  below  it;  beyond  this  the  sec- 
ond streak,  situated  just  beyond  tlie  middle  of  the  costal  margin,  is  of  about  the 
same  size,  also  triangular,  a  little  less  oblique,  and  corresponding  with  a  wider 
and  more  conspicuous  white  dorsal  patch  opposite  to  it.      The  third  and   fourth 

TBANS.  AM.  KNT.  80C.  XXXIV.  SKPTKMHEK.  1908. 


284  AMERICAN    MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. 

costal  streaks,  of  which  the  former  points  slightly  outwards.  The  latter  is  per- 
pendicular, reaching  nearly  (or  in  some  specimens  quite)  to  a  white  patch  on  the 
dorsal  margin  before  the  apex,  which  seems  to  consist  of  two  confluent  white 
dorsal  streaks.  At  the  extreme  apex  is  a  minute  black  apical  spot,  surrounded 
by  a  semi-circular  dark  line  at  the  base  of  the  apical  cilia,  which  are  tinged  with 
golden  saffron  at  the  extreme  apex.  Beneath  the  apex  the  cilia  are  white, 
blending  into  saffron-gray  about  and  before  the  anal  angle;  all  the  white  mark- 
ings are  distinctly  dark  margined  on  all  sides.  The  white  streaks  on  the  fore- 
wings  of  this  species  are  so  large  and  conspicuous  as  in  some  cases  to  almost 
obliterate  the  pale  saffron  ground  color,  and  different  specimens  vary  much  in 
the  proportionate  space  occupied  by  one  and  the  other. 

"Hindwings  and  cilia  pale  gray.  Abdomen  and  anal  tuft  grayish  white. 
Hind  tarsi  whitish,  spotted  above  with  gray.     Expanse  alar,  9  mm." 

This  species  was  described  as  above  by  Lord  Walsingham  from 
specimens  collected  iu  California  in  1871,  in  Lake  and  Mendocino 
Counties  in  June,  and  on  Mt.  Shasta,  Siskiyou  County,  in  August. 
In  Mr.  Kearfott's  collection,  there  is  a  specimen  of  this  species  from 
Carmel,  California,  taken  iu  June  (A.  H.  Vacheli,  collector). 

LiitUocolIeti!>»  hageni  Frey  and  Boll. 
Plate  XXI,  Fig.  11. 
lAthocoUetis  hageni  Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxiv,  208, 1873. — Chambers, 
Ciu.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  i,  201,  1874.— Bull.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  iv,  100, 
1878.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6252. 
Syn.  necospinusella  Chambers,  Bull.  (leol.  Surv.  Terr.,  iv,  100,  1878. — Can.  Ent., 
xi,  144,  1879. 
Face,  head  and  thorax  white.  Palpi  white.  Scales  of  the  tuft  mixed  with 
gray.  Antennse  remarkably  dark  gray,  with  the  basal  joint  white.  Upper  side 
of  the  abdomen  dark  gray.  Anal  tuft  somewhat  lighter,  tinged  with  yellow.  The 
underside  of  the  abdomen  is  brownish  white;  as  are  likewise  the  legs,  the  tarsi 
on  the  outside  being  obscurely  dark  spotted.  The  ground  color  of  the  forewings 
is  a  deep  saffron  brown.  The  white  spots  are  greatly  developed  on  the  dorsal 
margin,  but.  on  the  contrary,  only  slightly  on  the  costa.  Here,  beginning  just 
before  the  middle  of  the  costal  margin,  are  four  white  streaks  dark  margined  on 
both  sides.  The  first  is  placed  very  obliquely,  the  second  less  so,  the  two  last 
are  placed  transversely  on  the  wing,  are  bent,  and  their  apices  point  toward  the 
tornus.  At  the  base  of  the  dorsal  margin  there  is  a  very  large  white  spot.  It 
forms  an  irregular  quadrilateral,  which  approaches  the  costa,  extends  parallel  to 
It,  and  is  prolonged  to  a  point  on  the  fold.  An  obliquely  placed  transverse  band 
of  the  saffron  brown  ground  color,  very  much  darkened,  borders  this  spot  behind. 
Then  follows  a  second  white  mark,  in  the  shape  of  an  irregular  triangular,  whose 
broad  base  rests  upon  the  dorsal  margin.  There  follows  a  second,  also  very  much 
darkened  shorter  transverse  band.  It  ends  at  one-half  the  wing  length.  Behind 
this  at  the  tornus,  we  see  finally  the  last  white  triangle.  At  the  apex  of  the 
wing  there  is  a  black  dot.  A  well  defined  black  streak  extends  from  this  dot 
into  the  whitish  cilia.  A  peculiar  glistening  blue  line  extends  along  the  base  of 
the  cilia.     This  line  becomes  very  noticeably  slightly  concave  before  the  tornus. 


ANNETTE    F.    BRAUN.  285 

The  hindwings  moderately  dark  gray,  their  cilia  somewhat  lighter.  Underside 
brownish  dark  gray.  The  second  white  dorsal  spot  usually  shows  through  as  a 
lighter  shade. 

The  larvae  have  almost  the  same  habits  as  those  of  querciiornm  on  the  under- 
side of  leaves  of  Quercus  Prinns  L.  and  Quercus  Casianea  Willd.  However,  the 
mine  is  more  wrinkled,  and  hence  the  leaf  is  more  strongly  drawn  together  and 
is  somewhat  gray. 

The  imagoes  emerge  in  April  and  May. 

The  above  is  a  translation  of  Frey's  original  description  (Stett. 
ent.  Zeit.,  xxxiv,  208,  1878). 

The  tuft  is  saffron  brown  at  the  sides.  Thorax  white,  except  a 
narrow  brown  stripe  across  the  anterior  edge  of  the  patagia.  The 
[)Osition  of  a  fourth  dorsal  streak  above  tiie  tornus  is  indicated 
by  its  dark  margin.  On  large  specimens  a  fifth  small  white  costal 
streak  is  sometimes  present.  The  apex  of  the  large  white  basal 
dorsal  streak  is  above  tiie  fold,  not  on  the  fold.  Alar  expanse 
7.5-10  mm. 

I  have  bred  this  species  from   mines  on  the  underside  of  Quercus 

plutanoides  (Lam.)  Sudw.     The  pupa  is  suspended  in  a  few  silken 

threads. 

Ijithovolleti!!!  arbuluj<>ella  sp.  nov. 

Plate  XXI,  Fig.  12. 

Male. — Antennte  whitish,  annulate  with  gray.  Face  and  palpi  yellowish 
white.     Tuft  brown,  mixed  with  ochreous  and  white  scales. 

Thorax  whitish,  with  the  anterior  portion  darkened  with  grayish  brown 
scales.  Forewings  pale  reddish  ochreous.  At  the  basal  fourth  of  the  dorsum, 
there  is  a  curved  oblique  line  of  brown  scales,  uniting  at  a  very  acute  angle  with 
a  shorter  curved  costal  line,  thus  enclosing  a  white  basal  patch,  suffused  with 
pale  ocherous  toward  the  base  and  costa  and  darkened  along  the  costa  with 
grayish  brown  scales.  There  is  a  small  patch  of  similar  dark  scales  on  the  dor- 
sum near  the  base.  Just  before  the  middle  of  the  wing  is  an  oblique  white  cos- 
tal streak  dark  margined  on  both  sides.  Nearly  opposite  it  is  a  large  oblique 
curved  dorsal  streak  also  dark  margined  on  both  sides,  the  dark  margin  being 
continued  from  the  apex  along  the  middle  of  the  wing  to  the  apex  of  the  second 
dorsal  streak.  The  anterior  margin  of  the  second  very  broad  dorsal  streak  is 
formed  by  a  line  of  brown  scales  beginning  on  the  dorsum  a  little  anterioi'  to  the 
apex  of  the  first  dorsal  streak,  bent  backward  along  tlie  fold,  then  directed  up- 
ward. The  nearly  perpendicular  external  margin  of  this  streak  is  formed  of  a 
few  scattered  scales.  Second  costal  streak  very  long,  narrow  and  oblique,  mar- 
gined internally  only,  and  ending  just  above  the  apex  of  the  second  dorsal 
streak.  From  here  to  near  the  apex,  the  middle  of  the  wing  is  dusted  with 
whitish  scales.  Third  costal  streak  triangular  and  inwardly  oblique.  Fourth 
costal  streak  small.  A  small  patch  of  brown  scales  in  the  apical  portion  of  the 
wing,  from  which  an  indistinct  line  of  brown  scales  extends  to  the  tornus.  A 
brown  line  in  the  cilia  passes  around  the  apex  from  the  fourth  costal  streak  to 
the  tornus.     Cilia  pale  grayish.     Alar  expanse  8  mm. 

TEANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC,  XXXIV.  SEPTK.MIiKK,  1908. 


286  AMERICAN    MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. 

Hindwings,  cilia  and  upper  side  of  abdomeu  gray.  Hiud  tibise  reddisli  gray, 
their  tarsi  white,  with  broad  black  annulations. 

Female. — The  female  shows  the  following  differences:  face  and  palpi  white, 
antennae  white,  grayish  toward  the  apex.  Tuft  white,  with  a  few  brown  scales. 
Thorax  and  basal  portion  of  the  wings  almost  pure  white.  The  apical  portion  of 
the  wings  is  also  more  suffused  with  white.  Hindwings  and  cilia  almost  pure 
white.     Abdomen  silvery  gray.     Legs  white,  tarsi  with  black  annulations. 

Type.— No.  12002,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus. 

San  Mateo  Co.,  California.  Two  specimens  bred  from  Arbutus 
menziesii  in  September,  and  bearing  the  record  number  243. 

liithocolletis  obscuricostella  Clemens. 

Plate  XXI,  Fig.  13. 

Lithocolletis  obscuricostella  Clemens,  Proc.  Acwd.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  321,  1859. — Tin. 

No.  Am.,  64,  71,  1872.— Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  iii,  85,  1871;  xi,  92,  1879. 

— Busck,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  v,  188,  1903. 
Syn.  virginiella  Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  iii,  84,  1871.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat. 

Mus.,  1902.  No.  6280. 
"Head  and  frontal  tuft  silvery.  Thorax  very  pale  golden.  Forewiugs  pale 
golden  with  a  silvery  median  stripe  from  the  base,  black  margined  toward  the 
costa,  extending  to  the  middle  of  the  wing;  with  four  silvery  costal  streaks,  the 
first  very  oblique  and  rather  long,  and  all  except  the  last  black  margined  inter- 
nally, the  margin  of  the  first  being  long  and  the  continuation  of  a  black  streak 
from  the  base  along  the  extreme  costa.  Three  silvery  dorsal  streaks,  the  first 
quite  long,  obliquely  curved  and  opposite  the  first  costal  streak,  and  the  first  two 
black  margined  internally;  the  second  dorsal  obliquely  opposite  the  third  costal 
streak.  Apical  spot  black;  hinder  marginal  line  black,  cilia  grayish.  Hind 
wings  bluish  gray,  cilia  the  same.     Abdomen  black,  tipped  freely  with  yellow.'' 

The  above  is  Clemens'  description. 

The  small  tentiform  mines  of  this  species  may  be  found  on  the 
underside  of  the  leaves  of  Ostrya  Virginiana  (Mill.)  Willd.  They 
are  usually  between  two  veins  and  are  less  wrinkled  than  those  of 
the  other  species,  mining  the  same  leaves,  viz. :  L.  ostrya'foliella. 
The  pupa  is  formed  inside  of  a  thin  silken  web  which  occupies  an 
entire  half  of  the  mine.     Expanse  of  the  imago  6-6.5  mm. 

I  have  some  specimens  in  which  the  entire  abdomen  is  pale  grayish 
yellow,  but  which  otherwise  agree  with  Clemens'  description. 

liitliocolletis  OMirysefoIiella  Clemens. 
Plate  XXI,  Fig.  14. 
fAthocoUetis  ostryxfoliella  Clemens,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  322,  1859. — Tin. 
No.  Am.,  64,  71,  1872.— Chambers,  Can.  Ent..  iii,  85,  1871.— Cin.  Quart. 
Jn.  Sci.,  i,  202,  1874.— Can.  Ent.,  xi,  91,  1879.— Walsingham,  Ins.  Life, 
ii,  53,  1889.— Busck,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  v,  188,  1903.— Dyar,  Bull. 
52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6275. 


ANNETTE    P.    BRAUN.  287 

Syn.  mirificn  Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxiv,  212,  1873. 

"Antennse  silvery.  Front  .silvery,  tuft  fuscous  and  silvery  mixed.  Thorax 
silvery,  with  the  hasal  part  of  the  tegulse  pale  golden.  Forewings  pale  golden, 
with  au  unniargined,  uiedian,  silvery  basal  stripe,  and  a  silvery  streak  along  the 
basal  portion  of  the  inner  margin.  Forewings  pale  golden,  with  four  silvery  cos- 
tal streaks,  all  except  the  last  black  margined  internally  ;  with  two  dorsal  streaks 
of  the  same  hue,  black  margined  internally.  The  first  costal  and  first  dorsal 
streaks  opposite,  quite  oblique,  and  broad  at  their  bases,  the  second  dorsal  oppo- 
site the  second  costal  streak.  The  basal  streak  is  moderately  broad,  and  extends 
quite  to  the  middle  of  the  wing.  Apical  spot  black  ;  hinder  marginal  line  black- 
ish ;  cilia  fulvous  gray.  Jlindwings  gray,  cilia  fulvous  gray.  Abdomen  pale 
fulvous." 

Clemens'  description  is  given  above. 

The  mines  are  formed  on  the  underside  of  leaves  of  Odrya  Vir- 
(jiniaua  (Mill.)  Willd.,  usually  near  the  margin,  and  are  much 
wrinkled  when  mature.  The  larvie,  which  are  of  the  cylindrical 
type  and  pale  yellow,  spin  ovoid  cocoons  of  frass  and  silk.  Expanse 
of  the  imago  6-6.5  mm. 

Liitliocoiletis  rileyella  Chambers. 

Plate  XXI,  Fig.  15. 

Lithocolletis  rileyella  Chambers,  Cin.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  ii,  236,  1875. — Walsingham, 

Ins.  Life,  ii,  25,  1889.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  Xo.  62.54. 

Syn.  tenuistrigata  Frey  aud  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxvii,  225,  1876;  xxxix,  260, 

1878. 

Antennpe  ocherous-white,  grayish  toward  the  tips;  face  aud  palpi  white,  tuft 
ocherous. 

Thorax  and  forewings  golden  yellow,  the  thorax  with  a  white  line  across  the 
patagia,  continuous  with  a  median  white  unniargined  basal  streak  attaining  one- 
third  of  the  wing  length.  There  are  five  costal  aud  three  or  four  dorsal  white 
streaks,  all  dark  margined  internally.  The  first  costal  at  tl.e  basal  third  is  very 
oblique  and  produced  along  the  costa  to  the  base.  The  apex  of  the  second 
oblique  costal  streak  is  opposite  the  apex  of  the  large  curved  first  dorsal  streak. 
Third  costal  streak  is  nearly  perpendicular,  curved  aud  opposite  the  large  trian- 
gular second  dorsal  streak,  placed  just  before  the  tornus.  Fourth  costal  streak 
curved,  with  its  apex  meeting  that  of  the  smaller  third  dorsal  streak.  Fifth 
costal  streak  inwardly  oblique  and  opposite  the  minute  fourth  dorsal  streak, 
which  is  sometimes  wanting.  A  small  circular  apical  spot.  A  brownish  margi- 
nal line  in  the  cilia,  which  are  pale  whitish  ocherous.     Expanse  7-8  mm. 

Hindwings  and  cilia  pale  whitish  ocherous.  Abdomen  pale  ocherous.  Legs 
whitish  ocherous. 

Missouri  and  Texas. 

This  species  makes  a  tentiform  mine  on  the  underside  of  several 
-pecies  of  oak. 

TBANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC,  XXXIV.  SBPTEMBEK,  1908. 


288  AMERICAN    MICKO-LEPIDOPTERA. 

Liithocolletis  kearfottella  Braun. 
Plate  XXI,  Fig.  16. 
Lithocolletis  kearfottella  Braun,  Ent.  News,  xix,  100,  1908. 

Antenuse  grayish,  darker  toward  the  tips.  Palpi  shining  white,  with  a  slight 
golden  tinge.  Face  shining  white,  with  a  slight  golden  tinge;  tuft  reddish  saf- 
fron, scales  darker  toward  the  tips. 

Thorax  and  forewiugs  shining  reddish  saffron.  A  white  band  extends  across 
the  anterior  margin  of  the  thorax,  passes  over  the  palagia  and  is  continuous  with 
a  basal  white  streak.  The  basal  streak  extends  for  one-third  the  wing  length, 
nearly  parallel  to  the  costa  and  is  dark  margined  above.  Four  costal  and  three 
dorsal  shining  white  streaks,  all  dark  niaigined  internally.  The  first  costal 
streak  at  the  basal  third  is  placed  very  obliquely,  and  is  produced  along  the  costa 
to  the  basal  fourth.  The  first  dorsal  streak  at  the  basal  fourth  is  very  large  and 
very  oblique.  Near  the  costa  its  apex  sometimes  unites  with  that  of  the  first 
costal  streak,  forming  a  very  acute  angle.  The  remaining  three  costal  streaks 
are  placed  at  equal  distances  from  each  other  and  from  the  first  costal  streak. 
The  second  costal  streak  is  almost  perpendicular  to  the  costa  and  wedge-shaped. 
Opposite  to  it  on  the  dorsum,  before  the  tornus,  is  the  larger  almost  perpendicu- 
larly placed  wedge-shaped  second  dorsal  streak.  The  third  costal  streak  is 
inwardly  oblique,  curved,  its  apex  pointing  toward  the  apex  of  the  third  dorsal 
streak,  which  is  small,  wedge-shaped  and  placed  beyond  the  tornus.  The  fourth 
costal  streak  is  very  oblique  and  curved.  A  large  black  apical  dot.  A  brown 
line  in  the  cilia  extending  from  the  fourth  costal  streak  around  the  apex  to  the 
third  dorsal  streak.  Cilia  grayish.  Just  below  the  fourth  costal  streak  there  is 
a  darker  brownish  streak  in  the  cilia,  giving  the  appearance  of  a  hook,  as  in  L. 
fitchella  Clem.,  but  not  as  distinct.     Alar  expanse  7  mm. 

Hindwings  pale  grayish,  with  a  slight  ocherous  tinge.  Cilia  whitish  gray, 
tinged  with  ocherous.  Abdomen  dark  gray  above,  silvery  white  beneath.  Anal 
tuft  grayish  ocherous.  Legs  silvery  white  slightly  shaded  with  ocherous,  tibise 
and  tarsi  of  the  first  pair  very  dark  brown. 

Three  specimens,  Montclair,  N.  J.,  bred  by  Mr.  W.  D.  Kearfott, 
from  mines  on  chestnut  collected  in  October,  1901.  The  imagoes 
appeared  in  the  following  spring. 

I  have  specimens  from  Powell  Co., 
Kentucky,  on  chestnut;  and  there  are 
a  number  of  specimens  in  the  Nat.  Mus. 
collection  bred  by  Mr.  August  Busck 
on  chestnut  at  Washington,  D.  C. 

The  rather  small  elongate  mine  of 
this  species  is  found  upon   the  lower 
side  of  the  leaf,   where   it   is   placed 
Mine  o{L.A:ar/ote,na.  between  two  veins.     The  pupa  is  en- 

closed in  a  loose,  semi-transparent  silken  cocoon. 


ANNETTE    F.    BRAUN.  289 

LitliocolletiK  carysealbella  Cbambers. 

Plate  XXI,  Fig.  17. 

LithocoUetis  caryxalhella  Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  lii,  53,  85,  182,  206,  1871. — Dvar, 

Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Xat.  Mus.,  1902.  No.  6261. 
Syn.  caryalhella  Walsingliani,  Ins.  Life,  iii.  328,  1891. 

"'Head,  palpi,  tuft,  antennae  and  thorax  silvery  white;  basal  portion  of  the 
wing  (within  the  costal  and  dorsal  streaks)  silvery  white,  with  a  wide  pale  golden 
basal  streak  along  the  costal  margin  from  the  base  to  the  first  costal  streak.  The 
basal  white  portion  in  some  lights  suffused  with  pale  golded.  Apical  two-thirds 
or  more  of  the  wings  pale  golden,  with  four  silvery  costal  and  two  dorsal  silvery 
streaks,  all  dark  margined  internally.  The  first  dorsal  large,  oblique,  opposite 
the  first  costal,  which  is  smaller;  their  dark  margins  uniting  at  an  acute  angle 
on  the  fold,  the  streaks  themselves  being  scarcely  confluent.  Second  dorsal 
opposite  to  and  larger  than  the  second  costal ;  its  dark  margin  wide.  Third  and 
fourth  costal  streaks  small.  Apical  spot  small,  black  ;  hinder  marginal  line  at 
the  base  of  the  cilia  brown.  Cilia  pale,  fulvous.  Alar  expanse  one-fourth  incli. 
Larva  unknown.  Mines  the  under  surface  of  the  leaves  of  l)ickoiy  trees  (Carya 
alba).  Mine  ovoid,  tent-like.  The  parenchyma  is  eaten  off  of  the  upper  cuticle 
in  a  ring,  leaving  a  green  spot  in  the  centre,  which  is  then  eaten  off.  The  })Uiia 
is  contained  in  an  oval  cocoon  made  of  frass.     Imago  in  July — rare." 

The  above,  which  is  Chambers'  description,  is  accurate  iu  all 
details,  e.xce])t  that,  as  shown  by  Chambers'  types,  the  dark  mar- 
gins of  the  first  pair  of  streaks  do  not  unite,  hut  are  narrowly  sepa- 
rated by  the  pale  golden  ground  color  of  the  wing.  Kentucky  and 
Wisconsin  (Chambers). 

I..ithocoIl«>tis  olivicforniis  sp.  nov. 
Plate  XXI,  Fig.  18. 

AntenniE  white,  grayish  toward  the  tips.  Face,  palpi,  tuft  and  thorax  pure 
snow-white. 

Forewings  pale  brownish  ocherous,  with  a  median  white  basal  streak  dark 
margined  toward  the  costa,and  four  costal  and  two  dorsal  white  streaks,  all  dark 
margined  internally.  The  dorsal  margin  is  also  whitish  toward  the  base.  The 
first  dorsal  streak  placed  somewhat  nearer  the  base  than  the  first  costal,  has  its 
dark  margin  bent  backward  on  the  fold  for  a  short  distance,  then  continued 
obliquely  upward.  The  second  dorsal  streak  rather  large  and  triangular,  has  its 
apes  directed  toward  the  space  between  the  second  and  third  costal  streaks.  A 
small  black  apical  spot.  A  brown  marginal  line  in  the  cilia,  which  are  whitish 
ocherous.     Alar  expanse  6.5  mm. 

Hind  wings,  cilia  and  abdomen  pale  grayish  ocherous.  Leg?  whitish  ocherous, 
tarsi  unspotted. 

Type.— Female,  No.  12008,  U.  S.  N.  M. 

This  species,  bred  from  Carya  oUvceJormis  Nutt.,  is  very  distinct 
from  canjfrAtlbeUa  Cham.  The  type  at  the  National  Museum  bears 
the  following  labels:  811,  Carya  oliv.  Pupa  6-VI. 

This  species  may  be  distinguished  by  the  irregular  anterior  mar- 
gin of  the  first  dorsal  streak. 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  80C.  XXXIV.  (37)  OCTOBER.  1908. 


290  AMERICAN    MICRO-]. EPIDOPTERA. 

Liitliocolletis  inartiella  sp.  nov. 
Plate  XXI,  Fig.  19. 

Antenni©  brownisb  gray.  Face  and  palpi  yellowish  white.  Scales  of  the  tuft 
pale  brownish  ocherons,  darker  toward  the  tips. 

Thorax  and  forewings  deep  reddish  safi'ron.  A  rather  broad  median  white 
basal  streak,  ending  at  one-third  the  wing  length,  is  faintly  dark  margined  above 
and  at  its  apex.  Just  before  the  middle  of  the  wing  is  a  curved  white  fascia 
margined  on  the  inner  side  with  brown  scales  and  shading  into  the  ground  color 
on  the  outer  side.  Beyond  this  are  three  costal  and  two  dorsal  white  streaks, 
margined  interuallj'  with  brown  scales,  the  last  costal  and  dorsal  streaks  but 
faintly  so.  The  first  dorsal  streak,  which  begins  opposite  the  wedge-shaped,  per- 
pendicular first  costal  streak,  is  oblique,  its  apex  directed  toward  the  a])ex  of  the 
second  costal  streak.  Second  dorsal  streak  above  the  tornus,  points  toward  the 
second  costal  streak.  In  the  apical  portion  of  the  wing,  just  below  the  third  cos- 
tal streak,  is  a  conspicuous  black  apical  dot.  A  dark  brown  marginal  line  in  the 
cilia,  which  are  pale  grayish  brown  at  the  apex,  becoming  darker  toward  the 
tornus.     Alar  expanse  6.8  mm. 

Hindwings  and  cilia  brownish  gray.  Abdomen  dark  brownish  gray.  Legs 
pale  brownish  gray,  tarsi  unspotted. 

Type.— Male,  No.  12003,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus. 

A  single  specimen  of  this  very  distinct  species  was  l)red  by  Dr. 
Harrison  G.  Dyar  at  Kaslo,  B.  C.  Record  number  21563,  the  food 
plant  being  given  with  some  doubt  as  birch,  which  is,  howevei', 
probably  correct,  as  the  species  bears  a  close  relationship  to  the 
European  birch  feeding  species,  ulmij'oliella  Hb. 

Liitliocolletis  geiiiiuea  Frey  and  Boll. 
Plate  XXI,  Fig.  20. 
Lithocolletis  gemmea  Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxiv,  218,  1873.— Chambers, 
Cin.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  i,  206,  1874;  ii,  227,    1875.— Can.    Ent.,  xi,  144, 
1879.— Walsiugham,  Ins.  Life,  ii,  53,  1889.— Dyar,  Bull.  ,52,  U.  S.  Nat. 
Mus.,  1902,  No.  6266. 
Antennfe  dark  gray,  whitish  at  the  apices.     Face  and  palpi  pale  golden.     Tuft 
dark. brown  mixed  with  white  scales. 

Thorax  and  forewings  deep  shining  reddish  saflTron.  A  very  nariow  line 
across  the  patagia  is  continuous  with  a  broader  basal  streak,  whidi  is  white  with 
a  golden  lustre.  The  basal  streak,  ending  at  oue-tliird  the  wing  length,  is  dark 
margined  above  and  indistinotly  so  beneath.  On  the  dorsal  margin,  just  before 
the  apex  of  the  basal  streak  is  a  small  broad  wliite  spot.  Just  before  the  middle 
of  the  wing,  is  a  nearly  straight  fascia,  distinctly  margined  ou  its  inner  side  with 
black,  and  with  a  few  scales  on  the  outer  side.  Beyond  the  fascia  are  two  pair 
of  streaks,  of  which  the  two  costal  and  the  first  dorsal  are  black  margined  inter- 
nally. The  first  pair  of  streaks  are  large,  triangular  and  placed  nearly  jierpen- 
dicular,  the  dorsal  just  before  the  tornus  with  its  apex  between  the  first  and  sec- 
ond costal  streaks.  The  second  dorsal  streak  above  the  tornus  is  small  and  oppo- 
site the  second  costal  streak.      Beyond  them,  the  apical  portion  of  the  wing  is 


ANNETTE    F.    BRAUN.  291 

densely  dusted  with  brown  scales,  forming  a  large  apical  spot.     Marginal  line  in 
the  cilia  brown.     Cilia  pale  brownish  gray.     Exi)anse  7-7.5  mm. 

Hindwings  and  cilia  pale  reddish  brown.  Abdomen  and  legs  dark  brown. 
Hind  tar.si  whitish,  except  the  first  two  joints,  which  are  brown  tipped  witli 
white. 

Ma.s.?achiisetts. 

According  to  Frey  and  Boll,  the  food  plant  of  this  species  is 
Robinia  P--<eudacacia  L.,  the  mine  being  on   the  upper  side  of  the 

leaf 

■..ithocolletis  morrisella  Fitch. 
(Plate  XXI,  Fig.  21.) 
Argyromiges  morrisella  Fitch,  Kept.  Ins.  N.  Y.,  v,  336,  1859. 
LithocoUetis  morrisella  Chambers,  Can.  Ent..  iii,  183, 1871. — Walsinghani,  Ins.  Life. 

ii,  52,  1889.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6209. 
.Syn.  texanella  Zeller,  Verb.  Zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien,  sxv,  349,  1875. — Frey  and  Boll, 
Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxix,  275,   1878. — amphicnrpseella   Chambers,   Bull. 
Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  iii,  137,  1877. 

Face  and  palpi  whitish  gray.  Antenna'  gray,  annulate  with  dark  brown. 
Tuft  dark  brown  mixed  with  a  few  whitish  scales. 

Thorax  and  inner  margin  of  the  forewings  beneath  the  fold  dark  brown,  some- 
times more  golden  bej-ond  the  fascia.  Eemainder  of  the  wing  golden  brown, 
markings  bright  shining  silvery.  In  the  fold  is  a  silvery  basal  streak,  uniting 
with  the  upper  side  of  a  nearly  perpendicular  white  dorsal  streak  at  one-tliird. 
A  little  beyond  this  on  the  costal  margin  is  a  somewhat  oblique  streak  dark  mar- 
gined on  both  sides.  About  the  middle  of  the  wing,  is  a  slightly  convex  or 
obtusely  angled  fascia  dark  margined  internally  and,  on  its  costal  half,  exter- 
nally. Beyond  this  are  two  perpendicular  costal  streaks  dark  margined  inter- 
nally and  the  former  also  externally.  Opposite  to  the  first  of  these  costal  streaks 
is  a  dorsal  streak  whose  apex  sometimes  meets  that  of  the  costal.  In  the  fold 
between  this  streak  and  the  fascia  is  a  velvety  black  streak.  Opposite  the  last 
costal  streak,  there  is  sometimes  a  small  silvery  dorsal  streak.  Apical  spot 
black,  varying  in  size,  sometimes  occupying  the  entire  apex  of  the  wing.  Cilia 
gray,  becoming  darker  toward  the  tornus;  marginal  line  blackish.  Expanse 
6-7  mm. 

Hindwings  and  cilia  gray.  Abdomen  brownish  gray  above,  somewhat  me- 
tallic.    Legs  and  tarsi  gray,  banded  with  white. 

Eastern  U.  S.,  west  to  Colorado  antl  Texas. 

This  species  may  be  bred  from  whitish  mines  on  the  under  ^^ide  of 
Falcata  cornosa  (L.)  Kuntze  (=  Amphicarpa  monoica  L.). 

The  white  basal  streak,  confluent  witli  the  first  dorsal  streak 
separates  this  species  from  both  rohiniella  and  uJilerella. 

Ijitliocolletis  lililei'olla  Fitch. 
Plate  XXI,  Fig.  22. 
Argyromigea  iihlerella  Fitch,  Kept.  Ins.  N.  Y.,  v,  337,  1859. 

LithocoUetis  nhlerella  Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  iii,  183,  1871. — Walsinghani,  Ins.  Life, 
ii,  53,  1889.— Dyar,  IJull.  52,  U.  S.  Xat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6268. 

TEANS.   AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  OCTOKKR,  1908. 


292  AMERICAN    MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. 

Syu.  amorphxella  Chambers,  Bull.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  iii.  132,  137,  1877. — amorphie 
Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxix,  275,  1878. 

Face  and  ])alpi  whitish  gray.  Antentise  gray,  annulate  with  dark  brown. 
Tuft  brownish. 

Thorax  and  inner  margin  of  the  forewings  beneath  the  fold  dark  brown,  nioie 
golden  behind.  Ground  color  of  the  remainder  of  the  wing  golden  brown.  The 
first  costal  streak  at  the  basal  third  is  somewhat  oblique  and  dark  piargined  on 
both  sides.  A  little  nearer  the  base  is  the  more  perpendicularly  placed  first  dor- 
sal streak.  About  the  middle  of  the  wing  is  a  curved  or  obtusely  augulated 
white  fascia,  dark  margined  internally  and  toward  the  costa  externally.  Beyond 
this  are  two  nearly  perpendicular  white  costal  streaks,  dark  margined  internally, 
of  which  the  former  is  opposite  a  white  dorsal  streak,  just  before  the  tornus.  In 
the  fold,  between  the  fascia  and  this  dorsal  streak,  is  a  black  streak.  A  black 
apical  spot  sometimes  elongate.  Cilia  grayish,  with  a  blackish  marginal  line. 
Expanse  6-6.5  mm. 

Hindwings  and  cilia  brownish  gray.  Abdon)en  dark  brownish  gray.  Legs 
gray,  hind  tarsi  whitish  toward  their  bases. 

Eastern  U.  S.,  west  to  Colorado  and  Texas. 

The  whitish  rather  flat  mine  of  this  species  occurs  on  the  under 
side  of  leaves  of  Amorpha  frutlcosa  L. 

Uhlerella  may  be  distinguished  from  rohiniella  by  the  presence 
of  the  first  white  dorsal  streak,  the  complete  median  fascia,  and  the 
less  oblique  position  of  the  streaks.  It  differs  from  morrisella  by 
the  absence  of  a  white  basal  streak. 

Ijitlioc'olletis   robiiiiella  Clemens. 
Plate  XXI,  Fig.  23. 
Lithocolletis  robiniella  Clemens,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  318,  1859;  209,  I860.— 
Tin.  No.  Am.,  66,  1872.— Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  iii,  54,  87,  163,  183,  185, 
1871;  iv,  9,  107,  1872.— Cin.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  ii,  228,  1875.— Bull.  Geol. 
Surv.  Terr.,  iii,  137,  1877.— Jn.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist,  ii,  91, 1879.— Zeller, 
Verb,  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien.,  xxv,  348,  1875. — Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent. 
Zeit.,  xxxix,  275,  1878.— Busck,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  v,  189,  1903.— 
Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6267. 
iiyn.  pseudacaciella  Fitch,  Eept.  Ins.  N.  Y.,  v,  335,  1859. 

Face  and  palpi  silvery  ;  anteniiie  and  tuft  dark  brown,  the  latter  mi.xed  with 
gray.     Thorax  dark  brown. 

Forewings  golden  above  the  fold,  dark  gray  dusted  with  black  below  the  fold, 
this  dark  shade  extended  to  the  costa  at  the  base,  becoming  more  golden  toward 
the  tornus.  Four  rather  large  silvery  costal  streaks,  the  fu-st  two  oblique. 
Opposite  to  the  first  of  these,  which  is  placed  before  the  middle,  and  is  dark  mar- 
gined on  both  sides,  the  position  of  a  first  dorsal  streak  is  indicated  by  a  some- 
what lighter  shade.  The  second  at  about  the  middle,  also  dark  margined  on 
both  sides,  nearly  unites  at  an  angle  with  an  opi)osite  white  dorsal  streak,  daik 
margined  internally.  A  white  costal  streak  at  three-quarters,  margined  inter- 
nally with  a  curved  black  Hue,  nearly  unites  witli  an  opposite  internally  mar- 


ANNETTE    F.     BRAUN.  293 

giued  dorsal  streak.  A  fourth  white  costal  streak,  just  before  the  apex  is  also 
internally  dark  margined.  Between  the  first  and  second  dorsal  streaks  is  a 
black  streak  in  the  fold.  A  third  streak  beyond  the  toruus  is  indicated  by  two 
or  three  white  scales.  Black  apical  spot  round  or  wedge-shaped.  Maiginal  line 
at  the  base  of  the  cilia  blackish.  Cilia  silvery  at  the  apex,  tipped  with  gray. 
Expanse  6-6.5  mm. 

Hindwings  and  cilia  dark  gray.     Ai)donien  dark  gray.     Legs  gray. 

The  larvae,  which  belong  to  the  cylindrical  group,  form  whitish 
tnine.s  upon  either  the  upper  or  the  underside  of  leaves  of  locust, 
Eobinia  pseudacacia  L.  A  white  silken  cocoon  is  spun  within  the 
mine.     This  sjiecies  occurs  throughout  the  Atlantic  States. 

L.illiucolleti.s  aiiroiiiteiis  Frey  and  Boll. 
Plate  XXI,  Fig.  24. 
LithocoUetis  nitrouiteus  Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxiv,  216,  1873. — Dyar, 
Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6302. 

Head  saflVoii  brown,  face  lighter,  autennse  light  brown,  annulate  with  darker, 
the  apex  whitish. 

Thorax  and  forewings  shining  saffron,  rather  light,  legs  yellowish  gray,  un- 
spotted ;  abdomen  dark  gray.  The  marks  of  the  forewings  have  a  strong  me- 
tallic lustre,  which  is  between  the  color  of  gold  and  silver.  There  are  four  pair 
of  streaks.  The  first  costal  streak  is  at  the  basal  fourth  of  the  wing  length  and 
is  obliquely  placed.  The  first  dorsal  streak  is  shorter,  and  nearer  the  base  than 
the  costal  streak.  Almost  in  the  middle  of  the  wing,  th  re  follow,  placed  one 
directly  above  the  other,  two  more  marks,  which  are  tall  narrow  triangles,  some- 
what dark  margined  internally,  whose  apices  touch  each  other.  The  third  pair 
of  markings  at  three-fourths  of  the  wing  length,  are  very  similar  to  the  preced- 
ing pair,  except  that  the  dorsal  triangle  lies  nearer  to  the  base  tlian  the  costal 
triangle.  The  fourth  pair  of  markings,  just  before  the  apex  of  the  wing,  consists 
of  a  small  costal  streak,  which  has  inwardly  a  few  dark  scales,  and  a  small  dorsal 
streak,  which  is  placed  so  far  back  that  it  is  beyond  the  hind  angle.  In  the  apex 
is  a  black  dot,  toward  the  base  overlaid  with  metallic  scales.  Cilia  light;  a  dark 
curved  line  extends  through  them  at  the  apex. 

Hindwings  and  cilia  gray. 

On  the  underside  the  forewings  are  dark  brownish  gray;  the  marks  reapi)ear 
brownish  white. 

Tiie  larvfe  live  in  fall  toward  tile  end  of  October  on  the  underside  of  the  leaves 
of  AliiHs  serriilitta  Willd.  The  mine  is  roundish,  the  loosened  epidermis  is  much 
wrinkled,  resulting  in  the  leaf  being  rather  arched  at  this  place.  The  iniagoes 
appear  in  May  and  June. 

The  al)ove  is  a  translation  of  the  original  description. 

The  type  specimens  were  bred  by  Boll  in  Massachusetts.  In  the 
U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.  is  a  specimen  bred  on  alder,  with  no  locality  given. 

There  is  a  very  indistinct  short  basal  streak  on  the  wings.  The 
first  costal  streak  is  very  long,  oblique  and  curved,  and  dark  mar- 

TBANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  OCTOIJKR,  1908. 


294  •  AMERICAN    MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. 

giiied  on  both  sides;  the  corresponding  dorsal  streak  is  more  prop- 
erly called  a  spot,  and  is  scarcely  dark  margined.  The  expanse  is 
6.5-8.2  mm. 

liilltocolletis  diapliaiiella  Frey  and  Boll. 
Plate  XXII,  Fig.  1. 
Lifhocolletis  diaphanella  Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxix,  265,  1878. — Dyar, 
Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6277. 

Head,  face,  palpi  and  tuft  snow  white.  Antennae  %vhite,  faintly  annulate  with 
ochre-yellow;  basal  joint  ochre-yellow.  Tegulse  snow  white,  thorax  pale  golden 
yellow.     Abdomen  whitish  gray;  legs  whitish,  tarsi  annulate  with  brown. 

Forewings  pale  golden  brown,  marks  white.  There  is  a  broad  basal  streak 
without  any  dark  margining  extending  for  more  than  two-fifths  of  the  wing 
length.  It  begins  rather  broad,  and  ends  in  a  long  point  directed  toward  the 
costa.  Behind  the  middle  of  the  wing  there  is  a  small,  bent,  very  oblique  costal 
streak,  faintly  blackish  margined  toward  the  base.  There  is  a  similarly  bent 
but  broader  dorsal  streak  beginning  nearer  the  base  and  pointing  toward  the  first 
costal  streak.  On  the  costa  follow  very  small,  faintly  inwardly  dark  margined 
streaks.  A  fourth  one  is  indicated  by  a  few  white  scales.  At  the  hind  angle  is 
an  inwardly  blackish  margined  white  dorsal  triangle.  It  apex  extends  between 
the  second  and  third  costal  streaks.  From  this,  a  line  of  blackish  scales  extends 
toward  the  termen.  Cilia  whitish,  with  a  blackish  basal  line.  The  latter  only 
extends  around  the  apical  part  of  the  wing.     [Expanse  6  mm.] 

Hiudwings  light,  yellowish  gray,  cilia  whitish. 

This  species,  the  habitat  of  which  is  given  as  Texas,  is  an  under- 
side miner  on  scrub  oak.  A  peculiar  characteristic  of  the  mine,  as 
noted  by  Frey  and  Boll,  is  its  transparent  appeai'ance,  when  matui'e, 
allowing  the  pupa  to  be  plainly  visible  through  the  epidermis. 

The  description  is  a  translation  of  the  original. 

There  is  a  specimen  of  this  species  from  Texas  in  the  U.  S.  Nat. 
Mus. 

liithocolIetiM  iniiiiitellsi  Frey  and   Boll. 
Uthocolletis  minutella  Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxix,  263,  1878. — Dyar. 
Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6276. 

Head  and  tuft  pale  golden  brown,  the  latter  mixed  with  white.  Face  and 
palpi  whitish;  antennfe  whitish,  obscurely  annulate  with  brown. 

Thorax  pale  golden  brown,  teguhe  bordered  with  wliitish,  abdomen  gray,  witli 
a  yellowish  white  tuft.     Legs  whitish,  all  the  tarsi  spotted  with  black. 

The  pale  golden  brown  (approaching  the  color  of  L.  faginella)  faintly  shining 
forewings  have  peculiar  white  markings.  There  is  a  short  narrow  basal  streak 
dark  margined  toward  the  costa,  ending  just  before  the  two-fifths  of  the  wing 
length.  The  first  costal  streak  beginning  at  two-fifths  is  placed  very  obliquely, 
is  dark  margined  toward  the  base,  sharply  bent  at  an  angle  in  the  fold,  and  is 
then  prolonged  as  a  very  short  spur  toward  the  dorsum  and  base.  Beginning 
under  the  apex  of  the  basal  streak,  and  extending  toward  the  costal  streak,  is  a 


ANNETTE    F.     BRAUN.  295 

rather  small  und  bent  dorsal  streak,  also  placed  very  obliquely.  It  does  not 
attain  the  fold,  and  ends  at  some  distance  from  the  short  spur  of  the  costal 
streak.  In  the  apical  half  of  the  wing  there  are  three  more  small  costal  streaks, 
dark  margined  toward  the  base.  On  the  dorsum  there  is  a  considerable  sized 
streak  of  the  shape  of  an  equilateral  triangle,  whose  apex,  covered  with  black 
scales,  projects  between  the  second  and  third  costal  streaks.  There  are  a  few 
white  scales  in  the  apical  portion  of  the  wing.  The  cilia  at  the  apex  of  the  wing 
are  .shining  and  of  the  wing  color,  with  a  blackish  basal  line.  Toward  the  hind 
angle  they  become  yellowish  gray. 

Hindwings  light  gray.  Cilia  lighter.  The  underside  of  the  forewings  is 
brownish  gray. 

The  mines,  which  produced  tiie  specimen.*,  fVoni  which  Fi-ey  and 
Boll  described  the  species,  were  found  by  Boll  in  eastern  Texas  on 
the  underside  of  leaves  of  Qnercus  rubra  L.  They  are  roundish, 
small  and  slightly  wrinkled. 

No  exact  expanse  is  given,  but  the  statement  is  made  that  the 
species  is  small. 

LilhocoIletiK  iiioudilerella  f'rey  and  Boll. 
Plate  XXII,  Fig.  2. 
Lithocolletis  scndderella  Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  sxxiv,  212,  1873. — Cham- 
bers, Cin.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  ii,  230,  1875. — Bull.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  iv, 
156,  1878.— Can.  Ent.,  xi.  72,  1879;  vii,  126,  1875.— Dyar,  Bull.  .52,  U. 
S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  Xo.  6278. 

Of  medium  size;  however,  several  specimens  are  considerably  smaller;  rather 
broad-winged.  The  ground  color  of  the  head,  thorax  and  forewings  is  a  peculiar 
light  yellowish  brown.  This  color  is  similar  to  that  of  a  flown  si)ecimen  of  L. 
connexella  Z.  The  forewings  are  finely  scaled.  Head  and  palpi  brownish  white. 
Antennae  brownish  white,  annulate  with  darker.  The  legs  are  brownisli  white, 
the  tibise  of  the  first  pair  are  striped  with  black.  Thorax  concolorous  with  the 
wings,  with  a  median  whitish  line.  Pal;igia  whitish.  Abdomen  gray,  lighter  at 
the  tip. 

The  markings  of  the  forewings  are  somewhat  indistinct,  but  are  ciiaracteristic 
because  of  the  great  accumulation  of  black  scales  in  the  region  of  the  fold.  They 
are  as  follows:  there  is  a  rather  straight  basal  streak  ending  at  one-third  the 
wing  length,  where  it  is  slightly  dilated.  It  is  margined  with  blackish  around 
the  apex.  The  first  pair  of  streaks  are  placed  very  obliquely.  Of  these,  the 
costal  is  the  smaller  and  is  triangular.  The  dorsal  is  of  very  peculiar  form,  in 
that  it  is  strongly  constricted  on  the  fold.  Both  are  black  margined  internally. 
Usually  the  extent  of  the  black  scales  on  the  inner  edge  of  the  dorsal  streak  is 
so  greatly  iiHtreased  as  to  form  a  considerable  sized  black  spot,  which  extends  to 
the  apex  of  the  basal  streak.  (Less  frequently  tliese  black  scales  are  almost 
lacking).  The  next  pair  of  streaks  are  at  the  middle  of  the  wing  length,  and  are 
also  inwardly  black  margined.  (These  black  scales  are  also  increased  so  as  to 
form  a  spot.)  The  costal  streak  is  narrow,  almost  perpendicular;  the  dorsal 
forms  a  broader  triangle,  placed  just  before  the  tornus.      Toward  the  apex  are 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  OCTOIjER,  1908. 


296  AMERICAN    MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. 

two  very  narrow,  slightly  curved  streaks.  At  the  apex  is  a  black  dot  or  a  streak, 
bordered  with  white  scales  toward  the  base.  Cilia  light,  darker  toward  the  tor- 
nus,  with  a  blackish  marginal  line  around  the  apex. 

Hindwings  dark  gray.     Cilia  somewhat  lighter. 

The  last  three  light  costal  streaks  are  visible  on  the  dark  brownish  underside 
of  the  forewings. 

The  larvae  are  abundant  in  October  and  November  on  several  species  of  Salix. 
The  mine  is  on  the  underside  between  the  veins.  It  is  elongate-oval  and  some- 
what wrinkled.     The  imagoes  emerged  in  April  and  May. 

The  above  is  a  translation  of  Frey's  description  of  L.  scudderella. 
The  second  costal  streak  is  placed  rather  beyond  the  middle  than  at 
the  middle.  In  some  specimens,  there  is  also  a  third  dorsal  streak 
above  the  tornus.  The  apical  black  marking,  when  a  streak,  is 
often  margined  not  only  before  with  white  scales,  but  also  above  for 
its  whole  length.     Alar  expanse  7.5-9  mm. 

I  have  flown  specimens  taken  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  which  are  oi' a 
lighter  and  more  grayish  color  than  specimens  bred  by  Mr.  W.  D. 
Kearfott  on  willow,  Essex  County  Park,  N.  J. 

liithocollelis   ledella  Walsiugham. 
Plate  XXII,  Fig.  3. 
Lithocolletis  ledella  Walsingham,  Insect  Life,  ii,  79,  1889,— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S. 
Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6292. 

"Antennae  whitish,  faintly  barred  above  with  brown.  Palpi  white.  Face 
white,  frontal  tuft  saffron,  mixed  with  whitish.  Thorax  golden  safiYon,  with  a 
few  white  scales. 

"Forewings  golden  saffron  with  a  white  niedio-basal  streak,  somewhat  expand- 
ing outwards  on  the  fold  and  reaching  to  one-third  the  length  of  the  wing  above 
it,  this  is  dark  margined  on  its  upper  edge;  beyond  it  are  four  costal  and  four 
dorsal  silvery  white  streaks;  the  first  dorsal  commences  beneath  the  point  of  the 
basal  streak  and  extends  obliquely  outward  to  the  middle  of  the  wing,  it  is  dark 
margined  internally  and  around  its  apex  ;  the  costal  streak  above  it  is  short, 
rather  square,  and  also  internally  dark  margined  ;  the  second  costal  streak 
scarcely  longer  than  the  first,  is  a  little  oblique  and  also  inwardly  dark  margined  ; 
beyond  this  are  two  more  narrow  costal  streaks,  the  first  curved  outwards,  and 
dark  margined  internally,  the  second  pointing  inwards  from  above  the  apex, 
with  a  few  black  scales  at  the  extremity  ;  the  second  dorsal  streak  is  triangular, 
dark  margined  internally  and  around  the  apex,  commencing  somewhat  further 
from  the  base  than  the  second  costal  streak,  its  point  lies  between  the  second 
and  third  ;  the  last  two  of  the  four  dorsal  streaks  are  very  slender,  and  pointing 
inward,  with  a  few  black  scales  at  their  ends,  where  they  reach  the  points  of  the 
costal  streaks  above  them  ;  a  black  elongate  spot  lies  at  the  apex,  separated  from 
the  dark  apical  line  which  lies  at  the  base  of  the  golden  gray  apical  cilia. 

"Hindwings  and  cilia  gray,  with  a  faint  golden  sheen.  Abdomen  gray,  and 
tuft  jialer.     Hind  tarsi  whitish  gray,  unspotted.     Alar  expanse,  9-10  mm." 


ANNKTTE    F.    BRAUN.  297 

"Six  specimens,  bred  from  somewhat  folded  mines,  occupying  the 
whole  upperside  of  leaves  of  Ledum  (/landidosiim,  found  in  June  in 
Mendocino  County,  Cal.,  and  bred  the  same  month.  I  met  with 
this  species  also  on  the  wing  at  the  same  time  and  place.  It  a[)pears 
to  be  nearly  allied  to  salicicolella  Sircom,  among  the  European 
species." 

The  above  is  Lord  Walsingham's  description. 

L<itIiovolleti!!$  Nalicivorella  Braun. 
Plate  XXII,  Fig.  4. 
LithocoUe.tis  salicivorellii  Braun,  Ent.  News,  six,  101,  1908. 

Anteniuf  jiale  grayi.sli  ocherous,  faintly  annulate  with  darker,  soniewliat 
darker  at  the  tip.  Palpi  shining  white.  Face  white.  Tuft  i)ale  gray,  with  an 
ocherous  tinge. 

Thorax  and  basal  third  of  the  forewings  ocherous  gray.  Wings  becoming 
more  ocherous  towards  the  apex.  A  white  band  across  the  anterior  margin  of 
the  thorax  extends  across  the  patagia  and  is  continuous  with  a  median  basal 
white  streak  on  the  forewings.  There  is  a  short  dorso-basal  white  streak  some- 
what dilated  posteriorly.  The  median  basal  streak  is  curved  downward  and 
extends  for  two-fifths  of  the  wing  length  where  it  is  confluent  with  the  first  dor- 
sal streak,  its  upper  edge  uniting  with  the  apex  of  the  fiist  dorsal  streak.  A  few 
dark  brown  scales  extend  around  the  apex  of  the  angle  tluis  formed.  There  are 
four  costal  and  three  dorsal  white  streaks.  The  first  dorsal  streak  at  the  basal 
fourth  is  very  large,  oblique  and  curved.  Internally  it  is  dark  margined  just 
before  it  unites  with  the  basal  streak,  the  dark  margin  being  continued  around 
the  angle  and  for  a  short  distance  along  the  lower  side  of  the  basal  streak.  The 
extreme  edge  of  the  costa  is  dark  brown  for  about  one-third  of  the  wing  length, 
where  the  dark  line  is  deflexed  and  continues  as  the  dark  margining  of  the  first 
costal  streak,  which  is  narrow,  very  oblique,  its  apex  extending  to  a  point  just 
beyond  the  apex  of  the  first  dorsal.  The  second  costal  streak  is  large,  nearly 
perpendicular,  its  apex  opposite  to  that  of  the  second  dorsal  streak,  which  is  also 
very  large,  and  placed  slightly  nearer  the  base  than  the  corresponding  costal 
streak,  and  is  somewhat  oblique.  The  next  pair  of  streaks,  of  which  the  dorsal 
is  placed  just  above  the  tornus,  are  nearly  opjjosite  to  each  other,  slightly  oblique 
toward  the  base  and  curved  ;  their  apices  nearly  meet.  These  two  pair  of 
streaks  are  margined  internally  with  brown  scales.  Fourth  costal  streak  oblique, 
curved  and  unmargined.  A  narrow  line  of  black  scales  extends  from  below  the 
apex  of  the  last  costal  streak  to  near  the  apex  of  the  wing,  and  is  margined  above 
by  a  line  of  white  scales.  Marginal  line  in  the  cilia  dark  brown,  extending 
around  the  apex  from  the  fourth  costal  streak  to  the  third  dorsal.  Cilia  grayish 
ocherous.     Alar  expanse  7  mm. 

Hindwings  grayish.     Cilia  gray,  with  a  fulvous  tinge. 

Abdomen  dark  gray  above,  whitish  beneath.  Anal  tuft  grayish  ocherous. 
Legs  whitish,  banded  and  striped  with  gray. 

The  unique  type,  a  male,  of  this  species  was  bred  by  jMr.  A\'.  ]). 

TRANS.  AM.   ENT.  SOC,  XXXIV.  (38)  OCTOHEK,    1908. 


298  AMERICAN    MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. 

Kearfott  from  a  much  wrinkled  mine  on  the  underside  of  a  willow 
leaf,  collected  in  Essex  County  Park,  New  Jersey,  July  6,  1902. 
The  imago  appeared  July  19th. 

Liitliocolleliis  deceptiisclla  Chambers. 
Plate  XXII,  Fig.  5. 
LithocoUefis  deceptufiella  Chambers,  Can.   Ent.,   xi.  73,   1879. — Walsinpliam,   Ins. 
Life,  iii,  328,  1891.— Busck,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  v,  190,  1903. 

Face,  palpi  and  antennae  white;  antennae  faintly  annulate  with  brownish. 
Tnft  pale  brownish  ocherous,  mixed  with  white. 

Thorax  and  forewings  pale  golden  brown.  Three  longitudinal  white  streaks 
on  the  thorax,  the  median  one  continuous  with  a  short  narrow  dorso-basal  white 
streak,  the  other  two  uniting  with  the  unmargiued  median  basal  streak,  which 
curves  downwards  and  unites  with  the  upper  edge  of  the  slightly  oblique  nearly 
square  first  dorsal  streak,  which  is  faintly  margined  internally  by  a  darker  shade. 
The  first  costal  streak,  a  little  beyond  it,  is  triangular,  somewhat  oblique,  and 
dark  margined  on  both  sides.  Second  costal  streak  nearly  perpendicular  and 
opposite  the  larger  triangular  second  dorsal  streak,  both  faintly  dark  margined 
before.  Last  two  costal  streaks  small,  oblique  and  faintly  internally  margined.  A 
third  dorsal  streak  above  the  tornus  is  indicated  by  its  dark  margin.  Beginning 
under  the  apex  of  the  third  costal  streak  is  a  dark  brown  streak  of  scales,  extend- 
ing to  the  apex.  A  brown  marginal  line  extends  around  the  apex,  at  the  base  of 
the  cilia,  which  are  pale  whitish  ocherous.     Expanse  6  mm. 

Hindwings  and  cilia  pale  grayish,  slightly  fulvous.  Forelegs  pale,  tibiiv  and 
first  tarsal  joint  reddish. 

Kentucky  (Chambers). 

This  species  has  been  made  a  synonym  of  blnneardella  (Walsing- 
ham,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  x,  202,  1882).  An  examination  of 
Chambers'  type  shows  it  to  be  a  distinct  species,  not  closely  related 
to  craUcgella  or  the  other  apple  feeding  species.  It  differs  from 
cratwgella  in  the  less  oblique  first  costal  streak  ;  in  the  confluence  of 
the  unmargined  basal  streak  with  the  first  dorsal  streak,  which  is 
entirely  different  from  the  first  dorsal  streak  of  crato'^re/Za;  and  in 
the  absence  of  any  very  distinct  dark  margining  of  the  streaks. 

LiitliocolletiM  aluicolella  Walsingham. 
Plate  XXII,  Fig.  6. 
fAthocoUetis  alnicolclla  Walsingham,  Ins.  Life,  ii,  80,  1889. — Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S. 
Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6273. 
"Antennae   whitish,   very   faintly  spotted   above.     Palpi   white.     Face  white, 
frontal  tuft  grayish  safi'ron.     Thorax  pale  grayish  saflVon,  touched  with  wliite  at 
the  sides. 

"Forewings  pale  grayish  saffron  with  thiee  dorsal  and  four  costal  silvery 
white  streaks,  all  dark  margined  on  their  inner  sides  and  at  their  points;  a  some- 
what broad  but  very  indistinct  white  medio-basal  streak  extends  above  the  fold 


ANNETTE    F.    BRAUN.  299 

to  one-third  the  wing  length,  and  a  shorter  streak  of  the  same  color  follows  the 
dorsal  margin  from  the  base  to  half  the  length  of  the  one  above  it;  the  fust  dor- 
sal streak  is  broad,  outwardly  oblique,  and  reaching  nearly  to  the  smaller  trian- 
gular costal  streak  above  it;  in  some  specimens  it  actually  attains  to  it.  forming 
an  angulated  fascia;  the  point  of  the  second  dorsal,  also  somewhat  triangular,  is 
directed  a  little  beyond  the  point  of  the  second  costal  streak  above  it ;  these  are 
both  nearly  perpendicular;  the  third  dorsal  very  small;  arising  opposite  the 
space  between  the  third  and  fouith  costal  streaks;  it  reaches  to  the  aj)ex  of  the 
former;  the  end  of  the  wing  is  enclosed  by  a  dark  semi-circular  line  at  the  base 
of  the  cilia,  within  which  is  an  elongate  blackish  spot  :  cilia  are  grayish,  with  a 
faint  safl'ron  tinge. 

"  Hindwings  and  cilia  pale  grayish.  Al)domen  gray  above,  anal  tuft  scarcely 
paler.     Posterior  tibiae,  whitish,  unspotted.     Exjianse  6  mm." 

"Two  speciineus  were  bred  from  larvie  found  iiiining  the  upper 
sides  of  leaves  of  Alnu,^  incana  on  Mount  Shasta,  Siskiyou  County, 
Cal.,  in  August,  1871,  in  which  month  tlie  perfect  insects  eniertred. 
Three  other  specimens  were  met  with  on  the  w'iug,  also  in  the 
neighborhood  of  Mount  Shasta." 

The  abov^e  is  Lord  Walsingham's  description. 

LithocolIetiK  aliii  Walsingham. 
Lithocolletis  aini  Walsingham,  Ins.  Life,  iii.  3-26,  1S91. — Dyar.  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat. 

]\Ius.,  1902,  Xo.  6274. 
Syn.  (ilnicorella  Chambers  (not  Ragonot),  Cin.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  ii,  302,  1875. — Bull. 
Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  iii,  139,  1877. 
■'Palpi  and  antennae  rather  short  for  this  genus,  and  tuft  on  the  vertex  also 
small ;  face,  palpi,  under  surface  of  the  thorax  and  abdomen  and  the  legs  silvery, 
the  palpi  a  little  darker  on  the  outer  surface;  anteniiiB  and  tuft  silvery  fuscous, 
or  perhaps  as  correctly  asli-brown  ;  upper  surface  of  thorax  and  forewdngs  egg- 
yellow,  varying  to  golden  with  change  of  light.  There  is  a  short  basal,  silvery 
white  streak  along  the  dorsal  margin  of  the  forewings,  and  a  longer  median 
basal  streak  of  the  same  color,  and  dark  margined  toward  the  costa.  A  silvery 
white  fascia  immediately  before  the  middle,  posteriorly  obtusely  angulated  about 
the  middle  of  the  wing,  and  dark  margined  before,  the  dark  margin  becoming 
more  diffuse  along  the  dorsal  margin,  where  it  is  produced  forwards  until  it  meets 
the  basal  dorsal  white  streak;  the  point  of  tlie  angle  of  the  fascia  is  sometimes 
margined  behind  by  a  small  dark  brown  spot,  and  the  fascia  is  widest  on  the 
dorsal  mai'gin  ;  just  behind  the  middle  is  a  costal  silvery  wliite  streak,  and  oppo- 
site to  it  is  a  dorsal  one,  both  strongly  dark  margined  before,  and  both  pointing 
a  little  obliquely  backwards,  this  dorsal  streak  is  placed  immediately  before  the 
cilia,  and  a  little  further  back  is  a  small  triangular  dorsal  silvery  spot,  dark  mar- 
gined before;  opposite  to  the  space  between  these  two  is  a  straight  silvery  costal 
streak,  also  dark  margined  before,  which  sometimes  bends  backwards  and  unites 
with  the  second  of  the  dorsal  streaks  referred  to  above;  whilst  its  dark  margin 
bends  forwards  and  unites  with  the  dark  margin  of  the  first  one;  further  back 
is  a  third   costal   streak,  which   is  small,  straight  and   dark   margined   before. 

TKANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  OCTOBER.  1908. 


oOO  AMERICAN  micko-lepidoptp:ra. 

Apical  spot  triangular  and  dark  brown;  cilia  silvery  fuscous;  hindwings  and 
cilia  a  little  darker  than  the  cilia  of  the  forewings.  Abdomen  shining  bluish 
black  on  its  upper  surface.  Alar  expanse  less  than  one-third  inch.  Spanish  Bar. 
The  larva  is  cylindrical,  and  makes  a  large  tentiform  mine  on  the  under  surface 
of  the  leaves  of  an  Alnus." 

The  above  is  Chambers'  description.  This  species  is  apparently 
close  to  alnicolella  Wlsm.,  the  principal  difference  being  in  the  lar- 
val habits,  as  noted  by  Lord  Walsingham,  under  his  description  of 
alnicolella.     I  have  seen  no  specimen  and  no  type  is  in  exi.stence. 

Lithocolletis  nialiinalifoliella  Braun. 
Plate  XXII,  Fig.  7. 
LithocoUetis  malimalifoliella  Braun,  Ent.  News,  xix,  101,  1908. 

Antennae  gray.  Palpi  silvery  white.  Face  silvery  white.  Tuft  golden  brown, 
tipped  with  dark  brown. 

Thorax  and  forewings  golden  brown.  There  are  three  longitudinal  stripes  on 
the  thorax,  one  median,  the  other  two  passing  over  the  patagia  and  continuous 
with  a  median  white  basal  streak,  eudiug  at  one-third  the  wing  length  and  daik 
margined  above  and  around  the  tip  behind.  The  dorsal  margin  is  also  white  for 
■A  short  distance.  There  are  three  costal  and  two  dorsal  white  streaks  of  which  the 
dorsal  are  the  larger,  all  dark  margined  before,  and  the  first  pair  dark  margined 
at  the  tip  behind.  The  first  costal  at  the  basal  thiid  is  small,  obliijue.  The  first 
dorsal  at  the  basal  fourth  is  very  large,  oblique  and  curved,  ending  just  before 
the  apex  of  the  first  costal.  The  second  costal  streak  is  small,  nearly  perpendic- 
ular, and  opposite  the  second  dorsal,  which  is  triangular,  and  placed  just  befoie 
the  tornus.  The  third  costal  streak,  at  the  same  distance  from  the  second  as  the 
latter  is  from  the  first,  is  somewhat  oblique,  pointing  forward.  A  third  dorsal 
streak  is  indicated  by  the  dark  margin.  An  elongate  black  apical  spot,  with  a 
few  scattered  brown  scales  before  it.  Marginal  line  in  the  cilia  blackish  with  a 
distinct  blue  lustre  around  the  apex.  Cilia  gray,  brownish  around  the  apex. 
Alar  expanse  5.5-6  mm. 

Hindwings  dark  gray.  Cilia  gray.  Abdomen  very  dark  gray  above,  silvery 
white  beneath.     Legs  gray,  hind  tarsi  blackish,  grayish  at  their  bases. 

I  have  bred  this  species  from  small  tentiform  mines  on  the  under- 
side of  leaves  of  ai)ple,  Mains  Mains  (L.)  Britton.  The  appearance 
of  the  mine  is  entirely  difllerent  from  that  of  L.  cratagclla  Clem. 
The  mine  is  much  wrinkled,  and  the  leaf  is  strongly  folded.  The 
parenchyma  is  eaten  in  spots,  giving  the  leaf  a  speckled  appearance 
on  the  ujiperside.  The  pupa  is  suspended  in  a  few  silken  threads. 
1  also  have  flown  specimens  from  Montclair,  N.  J.,  which  are  identi- 
cal with  the  bred  sj)ecimens. 

There  are  two  specimens  of  this  species  in  the  Museum  of  Com- 
parative Zoology  at  Cambridge,  Mass.,  bred  by  Chambers  on  quince, 
in  Kentucky. 


ANNETTE    F.    BRAUN.  301 

Tlie  mine  abo  occurs  on  Crateegtis  mollis  Scheele,  and  then  the 
parenchyma  is  almost  completely  consumed. 

Occasionally,  specimens  of  cratuigella  occur  in  which  the  fourth 
costal  streak  is  wanting,  but  malimalifoliella  may  he  distinguished 
from  these  l)y  the  relative  position  of  the  third  costal  streak,  which 
is  placed  farther  hack,  almost  equally  dividing  the  space  between 
the  second  costal  and  the  apex. 

L.ilhocolletJs  eralsiegella  Clemeus. 
Plate  XXII,  Fig.  8. 
Lithocolletis  cratxgella  Clemens,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  324.  1859;  208,  I860.— 
Tin.  No.  Atn..  76,  141,  1872.— Chamber?,  Can.  Ent.,  iii,  55,  108,  1871; 
V,  50,  1873;  xi,  73,  1879.— Bull.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  iv.  100,  1878.— Waj- 
singliam,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  x,  202,  1882.— Busck,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc. 
Wash.,  V,  190,  1903. 

Antennte  dark  silvery  gray.  Face  and  palpi  silvery.  Tuft  dark  brown,  mixed 
with  wliitish  scales. 

Thorax  and  forewings  brownish  golden,  with  a  silvery  basal  streak  continuous 
with  a  white  line  on  each  side  of  the  tliorax  and  extending  for  two-fifths  of  the 
wing  length,  black  margined  toward  the  costa  and  around  its  pointed  apex. 
Dorsal  margin  narrowly  white  toward  the  base.  Four  costal  and  two  or  three 
white  dorsal  streaks,  of  which  the  first  costal  and  the  first  two  dorsal  streaks 
are  dark  margined  on  both  sides,  the  others  internally  only.  The  first  costal 
streak,  beginning  at  two-fifths,  is  oblique  and  rounded  beneath,  its  internal  mar- 
gin produced  along  the  costa  to  the  base.  The  other  three  costal  streaks  are 
nearly  perpendicular.  The  first  dorsal  streak,  somewhat  nearer  the  base  than 
the  first  costal  streak,  also  oblique,  its  apex  a  little  beyond  that  of  the  first  costal 
streak,  which  it  also  touches.  Second  dorsal  streak  triangular,  just  before  the 
tornus  and  opposite  the  second  costal  streak.  From  the  space  between  the  second 
pair  of  streaks,  a  streak  of  dark  scales  extends  to  the  apex.  Marginal  line  in 
cilia  blackish,  with  a  decided  bluish  lustre.  Cilia  grayish  ocherous.  Expanse 
6.5-7  mm. 

Hind  wings  and  cilia  gray.  Abdomen  dark  gray  above,  silvery  beneath,  with 
more  ocherous  anal  tuft.     Legs  grayish,  hind  tarsi  spotted  with  fui-cous  above. 

An  underside  miner  on  several  related  plants,  viz.  :  Cratcegus 
sp.,  apple,  and  wild  cherry,  Primus  serotina  Ehrh.  The  mine  is 
rather  small,  usually  lying  between  two  veins.  A  common  species 
in  the  eastern  United  States. 

This  species  is  distinct  from  any  of  the  apple  feeding  species  of 
Europe.  It  has  been  made  a  synonym  of  L.  blancardella  Fab., 
from  which  it  differs  in  the  much  smaller  size,  more  pointed  basal 
streak,  and  less  oblique  first  pair  of  streaks. 


TRANS.   A^M.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  OCTOBER,  190S. 


302  AMERICAN    MICRO-I.EPIDOPTERA. 

LiithocoUetis  propinqiiiiiella  sp.  nov. 
Plate  XXII,  Fig.  9. 

Antennffi  dark  gray.  Face  and  palpi  silvery.  Tuft  dark  brown  mixed  with 
whitish  scales. 

Thorax  brownish  golden,  with  a  white  line  across  the  anterior  margin,  passing 
over  the  patagia  and  continuous  with  the  basal  streak  on  the  forewings.  Fore- 
wings  brownish  golden  in  the  male  and  darkened  with  brownish  scales  along 
the  middle  and  in  the  dorsal  half;  more  golden  in  the  female.  The  rather  broad 
basal  streak,  pointed  at  the  apex,  ends  at  about  two-fifths  of  the  wing  length 
and  is  black  margined  above  and  around  its  apex.  Dorsal  margin  narrowly 
white  toward  the  base.  Four  costal  and  three  dorsal  white  streaks.  First  costal 
just  before  the  middle,  very  oblique,  and  dark  margined  internally  and  around 
its  tip  behind.  The  other  three  costal  streaks  nearly  perpendicular  and  dark 
margined  internally  only.  First  dorsal  streak  commencing  much  nearer  the 
base  than  the  first  costal,  long  and  oblique,  its  a]iex  reaching  beyond  that  of  the 
first  costal,  sometimes  almost  to  the  space  between  the  second  costal  and  dorsal 
streaks.  It  is  dark  margined  on  both  sides.  In  the  male  its  internal  dark  mar- 
gin is  indented  on  the  fold,  in  the  female  it  is  almost  regularly  inwardly  convex. 
An  accumulation  of  blackish  brown  scales,  densest  in  the  male,  between  the  sec- 
ond pair  of  streaks  extends  l)ackward  along  the  middle  of  the  wing  to  the  aj)ex. 
Marginal  line  in  the  cilia  blackish,  with  a  bluish  metallic  luster.  Cilia  grayish 
ocherous,  less  gray  in  the  female.     Expanse  8-9  mm. 

Hindwings  and  cilia  grayish,  with  a  fulvous  tinge.  Abdomen 
dark  gray  above,  silvery  beneath.  Anal  tuft  gi-ayish  in  the  male, 
ocherous  in  the  female.     Legs  grayish  ocherous,  tarsi  gray  above. 

A  common  underside  miner  on  wild  cherry,  Prunus  serotina  Ehrh. 

A  much  more  common  species  than  L.  craiccgella  Clemens,  and 
more  closely  related  to  the  European  blancardella,i'rom  which,  how- 
ever, it  is  distinct.  It  differs  from  cratcegella  in  the  much  larger 
size  and  the  more  oblique  first  dorsal  streak,  which  is  also  relatively 
much  nearer  the  base  of  the  wing  than  in  crutcvgella. 

liitliocolleti!!)   incanella  Walsingham. 
Plate  XXII,  Fig.  10. 
Lithocolletis  incanella  Walsingham,  Ins.  Life,  ii,  81,  1889. — Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S. 
Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6272. 
"Antenna;  whitish,  faintly  spotted  above.     Palpi  shining  white.    Face  shining 
white,  frontal  tuft  while,  with  a  few  saffron  scales  at  tl.c  sides.      Thorax  bright 
reddish  saffron,  with  a  thin  whitish  line  running  around  its  anterior  margin  and 
communicating  with  the  basal  streak  on  the  forewing. 

"Forewings  bright  brownish  saflFron,  with  a  long  slender  medio-hasal  white 
streak  without  dark  margins,  four  costal  and  three  dorsal  streaks  of  the  same 
color,  sometiines  with  a  slight  metallic  sheen  ;  the  first  costal  streak  is  a  little 
before  the  middle  of  the  wing,  oblique  and  pointed,  with  a  scarcely  jierceptible 
dark  dusting  along  its  inner  margin  ;  the  first  dorsal  streak  commences  a  little 
nearer  to  the  base;  it  is  dark  margined  internallj',  and  is  somewhat  wider  than 


ANNETTE    F.    BRADX.  303 

and  reaches  a  little  beyoud  the  costal  streak  bevoiid  it;  the  second  costal  streak 
is  small  and  points  slightly  outwards;  the  third  is  nearly  perpendicular;  the 
foui'th  points  slightly  inwards  from  a  little  before  the  apex  ;  these  three  are  all 
dark  margined  on  their  inner  edge;  opposite  to  these  are  the  second  and  third 
dorsal  streaks;  the  second  is  triangular,  wider  at  the  base  and  dark  margined 
internally,  its  black  dusting  communicating  with  a  patch  of  similar  blackish 
scales  at  its  apex,  extending  to  the  second  costal  streak  above  it;  the  third  dorsal 
streak  is  short,  pointing  inwards  and  dark  margined  on  both  sides,  its  outer  mar- 
gin being  continuous  with  a  dark  line  at  the  base  of  the  cilia,  which  encircles  the 
tip  of  the  wing,  reaching  to  the  exterior  costal  streak  ;  within  this  line,  but  sep- 
arate from  it,  is  an  elongate  apical  spot  of  somewliat  disconnected  blackish 
scales,  the  cilia  pale  grayish. 

'■  Hindwings  and  cilia  pale  grayish.  Abdomen  dark  gray  above,  anal  tuft 
somewhat  paler.  Hind  tarsi  white,  tij^ied  with  grayish  and  two  grayish  safl'ron 
spots  above.     Expanse  9  mm.'' 

"The  larva  feecLs  in  mines  on  the  underside  of  Almis  incanu 
toward  the  end  of  June  in  Colusia  County,  Cal.,  the  perfect  insects 
emerged  in  July,  1871.  Seven  specimens  were  bred,  and  the  species 
was  also  met  with  on  the  wing  at  Burney  Creek  (near  Pit  River), 
Shasta  County,  Cal." 

The  above  is  Lord  Walsingham's  description. 

The  mines  also  occur  upon  the  upperside  of  the  leaf.  I  have  bred 
a  large  series  of  specimens  on  a  species  of  Alnus  from  Alameda 
County,  Cal.,  where  the  mines  are  very  common  on  the  upperside 
of  the  leaf,  but  appear  very  rarely  on  the  lower  side.  Some  speci- 
mens have  the  basal  streak  faintly  margined  above,  especially 
toward  the  apex. 

Liithocolletis  populiella  Chambers. 
Plate  XXII,  Fig.  11. 
Liihocolletis  populiella  Chambers,  Bull.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  iv,  101,  lb7S. — Dyar, 
Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Xat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6331. 
"Palpi,  head,  tuft,  antennae,  under  surface  of  the  thorax,  legs,  and  abdomen 
pure  snowy  vphite;  upper  surface  of  abdomen  and  forewings  pale  golden  ;  there 
are  three  white  longitudinal  streaks  on  the  thorax  (one  median,  and  continuous 
with  a  dorso-basal  white  streak  on  the  wings,  the  other  two  passing  o\er  the 
teguke,  and  continuous  with  a  median  basal  white  streak  on  the  wings) ;  there 
is  also  a  costo-basal  white  streak  on  the  foiewings,  and  these  three  basal  wing 
streaks  are  of  about  equal  length,  and  less  than  one-fourth  of  the  length  of  the 
wings.  Immediately  behind  the  dorso-basal  streak,  and  scarcely  distinct  from  it 
(probably  sometimes  confluent  with  it),  is  the  first  dorsal  streak,  which  ap- 
proa(dies  a  square  form,  and  is  dark  margined  before  and  above.  Almost  oppo- 
site to  this  dorsal  streak,  but  a  little  behind  it,  is  the  first  costal  streak;  it  is 
oblique,  not  pointed,  and  is  dark  margined  before.    The  second  costal  and  second 

TRANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  OCTOBER,  1908. 


304  AMERICAN    MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. 

dorsal  are  opposite  each  other,  the  costal  one  being  the  largest  of  the  two.  trian- 
gular and  dark  margined  before.  The  third  costal  and  third  dorsal  are  nearly 
opposite,  the  costal  being  perhaps  a  little  farther  back,  and  being  larger  than  the 
dorsal,  and  larger  also  than  the  second  costal ;  both  are  dark  margined  before. 
These  are  the  only  three  dorsal  streaks.  The  fourth  costal  is  just  before  the 
apex,  points  a  little  obliquely  forward,  and  is  margined  behind  by  a  small  apical 
patch  of  brown  dusting.  Cilia  white,  with  a  brownish  hinder  marginal  line  at 
their  base.    Alar  expansion  one-fourth  of  an  inch.     Ohio  and  Kentucky." 

The  above  is  Chambers'  original  description.  The  second  and 
third  costal  streaks  can  scarcely  be  said  to  be  larger  than  their  cor- 
responding dorsal  streaks;  usually  they  are  about  the  same  size. 
There  is  also  some  variation  in  the  amount  of  apical  brown  dusting; 
sometimes  it  only  consists  of  two  or  three  scales.  The  expanse  is 
6-7  mm. 

I  have  bred  this  species  from  tentiform  mines  on  the  underside  of 
the  leaves  of  the  silver  leaf  poplar,  Populus  alba  L.,  the  same  food 
plant  from  which  Chambers  bred  this  species.  The  mines  are  ex- 
ceedingly small,  oval,  9-10  mm.  long,  and  4-5  mm.  broad ;  an  indis- 
tinct fold  extends  through  the  long  axis.  They  are  scarcely  visible 
on  the  lower  side,  owing  to  the  peculiar  tomentose  texture  of  the 
leaf,  and  on  the  upperside  may  be  distinguished  by  the  speckled 
appearance  of  the  leaf,  caused  by  the  larva  eating  the  parenchyma 
in  spots.  The  pupa  is  not  enclosed  in  a  cocoon,  but  its  anal  end  is 
attached  to  a  small  button  of  silk  toward  one  end  of  the  roof  of 

the  mine. 

Litliocolletis  scvnotella  Chambers. 
Plate  XXII,  Fig.  12. 
Lithocolle.tis  sexnotella  Chambers,  Jn.  Ciu.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  ii,  189,   1879.— Dyar. 
Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6282. 

Face  and  palpi  white;  antennae  whitish,  darker  at  the  tips;  tuft  very  pale 
golden. 

Thorax  and  forewings  very  pale  golden.  Four  costal  and  three  dorsal  white 
streaks  (the  third  dorsal  obscure  and  sometimes  wanting);  of  these  the  first  two 
pair  are  dark  margined  internally,  the  fir.st  dorsal  also  faintly  aronnd  the  tip. 
First  costal  very  oblique,  small  and  opposite  the  large  curved  first  dorsal.  Sec- 
ond dorsal  opposite  the  space  between  the  second  and  third  costal  streaks.  A 
small  dark  brown  apical  spot.  Marginal  line  at  the  base  of  the  cilia  brownish, 
with  a  pale  blue  metallic  luster.  Cilia  whitish,  slightly  tinged  with  golden. 
Alar  expanse  7-7.5  mm. 

Hindwings  and  cilia  pale  yellowish.  Abdomen  above  ocherous  in  the  female, 
gray  in  the  male,  beneath  whitish.     Legs  yellowish  white,  tarsi  unspotted. 

This  species  was  described  by  Chambers  from  a  Kentucky  speci- 
men, and   the   type  is  deposited    in    the   Museum   of  Comparative 


ANNETTE    F.    BRAUN.  30") 

Zoology,  Cambridge,  Mass.  A  number  of  specimens  collected  by 
Mr.  W.  D.  Kearfott,  in  Pike  County,  Penna.,  are  identical  with 
the  type. 

While  very  closely  allied  to  a'Hferella  Clem.,  se.niotella  mav  be 
distinguished  by  its  paler  color,  the  pure  white  dorsal  and  costal 
streaks,  and  by  having  its  second  dorsal  streak  opposite  the  space 
between  the  second  and  third  costal  streaks.  The  internal  margins 
of  the  corresponding  costal  and  dorsal  streaks  never  unite  in  the 
middle  of  the  wing. 

I^ithocolletis  seriTerella  Clemens. 

Plate  XXII,  Fig.  13. 

LUhocoUetis  icriferella  Clemens,  Troc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil..  320,  1859. — Tin.  No. 

Am.,  64,  68,  1872.— Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  iii,  183,  1871.— Ciu.  Quart. 

Jn.  Sci.,  ii,  104,  1875.— Biisck,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  v,  187.  1903.— 

Dyar.  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mas.,  1902,  No.  6281. 
"Antennae  dark  brown  above,  white  beneath.  Front  silvery  white  ;  tuft  dark 
brown.  Forewings  pale  reddish  saffron,  with  a  golden  hue,  especially  from  the 
middle  to  the  base,  with  four  silvery  costal  streaks,  the  first  on  the  middle  of  the 
costa,  and  all,  except  the  last,  black  margined  toward  the  base,  the  third  but 
faintly,  and  the  costa  black  from  the  base  to  the  first  costal  streak.  Three  sil- 
very dorsal  streaks  on  the  inner  margin,  the  first  two  large  and  the  third  small, 
the  first  black  margined  internally  and  around  the  tip  behind,  the  second  by  a 
line  curved  above.  Apical  spot  small  and  black,  with  the  scales  behind  it  having 
a  bluish  splendent  lustre;  hinder  marginal  line  blackish;  cilia  dark  gniyish, 
with  a  fulvous  hue.     Hind  wings  dark  gray,  cilia  fulvous. 

"The  larva  may  be  found  in  the  leaves  of  oaks  in  September  and  early  in 
October.  It  makes  a  small  mine  on  the  under  surface,  and  the  leaf  is  thrown 
into  a  fold  previously  to  pupation  and  the  cuticles  folded  and  corrugated.  The 
pupa  is  contained  in  an  ovoid  cocoon,  within  the  mine,  composed  of  '"frass" 
and  silk.  The  imago  appears  in  May.  The  body  of  the  larva  is  cylindrical. 
The  bead  is  pale  brown;  the  body  yellow,  with  a  broad,  vascular,  reddish 
brown  band." 

The  above  is  Clemens'  description. 

The  white  color  of  the  costal  and  dorsal  streaks,  especially  the 
first  pair,  is  often  suffn.sed  with  pale  golden.  The  margins  oi'  the 
second  and  the  third  costal  streaks,  in  the  middle  of  the  wing, 
where  they  are  of  a  dull  leaden  color,*  unite  with  the  margins  of 
their  opposite  dorsal  streaks.  In  some  of  my  specimens  bred  at 
Cincinnati  from  mines  on  Quercus  Imbricaria  IMichx.,  the  dark  mai-- 
gin  of  the  second  dorsal  streak  is  very  heavy  and  conspicuous. 

Expanse  7-8.5  mm. 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  soc.  XXXIV.  (39)  OCTOBEE,    1908. 


306  AMERICAN    MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. 

Liitliocolletis  obsoleta  Frey  and  Boll. 
Plate  XXII,  Fig.  14. 
LithocoUetis  ohsoleta  Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent  Zeit.,  xxxiv,  211,  1873. — Chambers, 
Cin.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  i,  202,  1874.— Dyar,   Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.   Mus., 
1902,  No.  6279. 
Syii.  obsoleiella  Chambers,  Bull.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  iv,  155,  1878. 

AntennfB  whitish  ocherous.  Face  and  palpi  white.  Tuft  whitish  in  the 
center,  brownish  toward  the  sides. 

Thorax  and  forewings  ocherous.  There  are  four  costal  and  two  dorsal  streaks, 
faintly  indicated  by  a  lighter  shade.  In  some  of  the  type  specimens  these 
streaks  are  almost  obsolete,  the  wing  then  being  nearly  unicolorous.  The  first 
pair  of  streaks  just  before  the  middle  are  very  oblique,  the  dorsal  being  the 
larger.  The  triangular  second  dorsal  streak  is  opposite  the  space  between  the 
second  and  third  costal  streaks.  In  the  apical  part  of  the  wing  is  an  indistinct 
brownish  spot,  sometimes  wanting.  Au  indistinct  brownish  line  in  the  cilia  has 
a  faint  bluish  lustre  arouud  the  apex.  Cilia  whitish  ocherous,  darker  toward 
the  tornus.     Expanse  8  mm. 

Hindwings  grayish  ocherous,  with  slightly  paler  cilia.  Abdomen  in  male 
grayish,  in  female  pale  ochreous.  Legs  whitish  ocherous,  tarsi  not  at  all  or  but 
faintly  spotted. 

Hab. — Massachusetts,  the  locality  from  which  the  type  specimens 
were  obtaiued.  Easily  distinguished  from  all  other  species  by  the 
absence  of  any  clearly  defined  markings. 

liitliocolletis  argentinotella  Clemens. 

Plate  XXII,  Fig.  15. 

LithocoUetis  argentinotella  Clemens,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  321,  1859. — Tin. 

No.  Am.  66,  78, 1872.— Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  iii,  148, 1871 ;  x»,  89, 1879.— 

Frey  and   Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,   xxxiv,  213,  1873.— Chambers,  Cin. 

Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  i,  202,  1874;   ii,  101,  1875.— Busck,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc. 

Wash.,  V,  190,  1903.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6283. 
"Antennae  silvery.  Front  and  tuft  silvery.  Thorax  pale  reddish  safTron,  with 
a  rather  short,  unmargined,  silvery  basal  streak,  with  five  costal  and  four  dorsal 
streaks  of  the  same  hue.  The  first  costal  and  dorsal  streaks  unmargined,  the 
first  dorsal  being  near  the  inner  angle  of  the  base,  tapering  to  a  point  in  the  mid- 
dle of  the  wing  from  a  very  broad  base  ;  tlie  first  costal  streak  rather  slender,  and 
only  one-half  as  long  as  the  first  dorsal;  the  second  costal  and  second  dorsal  con- 
nected about  the  middle  of  the  wing,  and  dark  margined  toward  the  base  by  a 
line  much  curved  in  the  middle;  the  third  costal  and  third  dorsal  opposite,  and 
each  dark  margined  internally;  the  fourth  dorsal  about  midway  between  the 
fourth  and  fifth  costal  streaks;  sometimes  the  fourth  costal  and  dorsal  streaks 
with  a  few  dark  internal  scales,  sometimes  unmargined.  At  the  apex  is  a  small 
patch  of  scattered  black  scales;  the  hinder  marginal  line  rather  indistinct;  cilia 
saffron,  paler  on  inner  margin.  Hindwings  shining  silver-gray,  cilia  rather 
darker." 

The  above  is  Clemens'  description. 


ANNETTE    r.     BRAUN.  307 

A  white  transverse  hand  across  the  anterior  margin  of  the  thorax, 
crossing  the  patagia,  continuous  with  the  basal  streak,  is  not  men 
tioned  in  the  description.     The  tuft  is  golden  at  the  apex.     Abdo- 
men   yellowish    fuscous    above;    anal    tuft   yellow.     Legs   whitish, 
spotted  with  brown.     Alar  expanse  6.5-8  mm. 

Bred  from  underside  mines  on  elm,  Uinius  fulva  Michx.  and 
Ulnius  Americana  L.  The  pupa  is  formed  within  a  transparent 
silken  web,  occupying  half  the  mine. 

Liithocolleti!^  occitanica  Frey  and  Boll. 

Lithocollelis  occitanica  Frey  and   Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxvii,  224,  1876 ;  xxsix. 

270,  1878.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6284. 

Face  and  palpi  white;  tnft  white,  with  a  few  brownish  scales;  antennte  whit- 
ish, faintly  annulate  with  yellowish  ;  legs  whitish,  spotted  with  brown.  Abdo- 
men gray. 

The  thorax  (with  a  white  line  across  the  patagia)  and  the  forewings  are  deep 
saffron.  They  are  lustreless,  and  tlieir  markings  are  pure  white.  At  the  base 
of  the  wings  in  the  fold  there  is  a  very  short  wliite  streak.  At  the  basal  fifth 
there  begins  on  the  dorsal  margin  a  broad,  backwardly  bent,  oblique  cross  streak, 
whose  pointed  apex  does  not  reach  the  costal  margin.  At  the  middle  of  the 
wing  length  there  is  a  narrow,  slightly  horse-shoe  shaped  complete  fascia, 
inwardly  narrowly  dark  margined.  A  third  similarly  formed  fascia  appears  at 
three-quarters  of  the  wing  length.  Each  of  these  is  darkened  or  interrupted  in 
its  costal  half,  as  in  the  middle  by  a  group  of  brown  scales.  In  the  apical  part 
of  the  wing  there  are  some  more  scattered  brownish  scales.  The  cilia  around  the 
apex  are  saffron  gray,  around  the  hind  angle  entirely  light  yellowish  gray. 

The  hindwings  and  cilia  are  whitish. 

According  to  Frey  and  Boll,  whose  description  is  given  above, 
this  species  may  be  bred  from  an  underside  rather  arched  mine  on 
Ulmus  fulva  Michx. 

Hab. — Texas. 

J  have  had  no  opportunity  of  examining  specimens  of  this  spe 
cies.  Further  study  and  breeding  of  a  large  series  may  sliow  that 
it  is  not  specifically  distinct  from  argentinotella  Clem. 

liithocolletis  apicinigrella  sp.  nov. 
Plate  XXII,  Fig.  16;  Plate  XXIV,  Fig.  23. 
Antennse  pale  grayish  ocherous.     Face  and  palpi  whitish.    Tuft  grayish  ocher- 
ous,  mixed  with  brown  and  white  scales. 

Thorax  and  forewings  pale  grayish  ocherous.  ATarkings  ocherous  white  and 
usually  very  indistinct  and  ill-defined.  When  distinct,  they  consist  of  a  jiale 
unmargined  basal  streak  extending  for  one-fourth  the  wing  length  in  the  fold, 
then  bent  upward  toward  the  costa ;  a  dorso-basal  streak  continuous  with  a  me- 
dian line  on  the  thorax  and  uniting  with  the  first  dorsal  streak  ;  just  before  the 

TBANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC,  XXXIV,  OCTOBER,    1908. 


308  AMERICAN    MICRO- I.EPIDOPTERA. 

middle  an  oblique  costal  and  a  dorsal  streak,  faintly  or  not  at  all  dark  maigined 
internally,  which  sometimes  unite  to  form  an  angulated  fascia;  three  more 
nearly  perpendicular  costal  streaks;  a  dorsal  streak  before  the  toruus,  oblique 
and  pointing  toward  the  tliird  costal  streak;  sometimes  two  more  dorsal  streaks 
above  the  tornus,  which  unite  with  the  third  and  fourth  costal  streaks  respec- 
tively, thus  enclosing  the  apex,  which  then  contains  a  small  })atoh  of  blackish 
scales.  Usually,  the  last  two  dorsal  streaks  are  wanting,  and  the  black  scales  are 
so  increased  as  to  occupy  the  entire  apex,  a  line  of  them  extending  to  the  tor- 
nus. Often  all  of  the  marks  are  very  ill-defined  and  the  entire  thorax  and  dor- 
sal portion  of  the  wing  below  the  fold  is  of  the  pale  color,  and  the  black  area 
at  the  apex  is  very  pronounced.     Alar  expanse  6.5-7.5  mm. 

Hindwings  and  cilia  pale  grayish  ocherous.     Abdomen  pale  gray,  with  silvery 
anal  tuft.     Legs  pale  silvery  ocherous. 

Described  from  a  series  of  specimens  bred  from  mines  on  the 
underside  of  leaves  of  a  species  of  Salix,  received  from  Mr.  G.  E,. 
Pilate,  Mills  College,  Alameda  Co.,  Cal.,  and  from  two  captured 
specimens  in  the  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  from  Seattle,  Wash.  (Prof.  T. 
Kincaid,  collector). 

L.ilIiocolIetis  basistrigella  Clemens. 
Plate  XXII,  Fig.  17. 
Lithocolletis  basistrigella  Clemens,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  321,  1859. — Tin.  No. 
Am.,  39,  65,  69,  1872.— Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  iii,  148,  166,  182.  1871.— 
Cin.   Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  i,  205,  1874. — Walsingham,   Insect  Life,   ii,  25, 
1889.— Busck,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  v,  188,  1903.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U. 
S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6301. 
Syn.  intermedia  Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxsiv.  210,  1873. — Chambers,  Cin. 
Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  ii,  230,  1875. 
"Antennse  silvery.     Front  silvery,  tuft  fulvous,  mixed  with  silvery.      Thorax 
pale,  reddish  golden,  with  a  white  streak  on  each  side,  and  one  in  the  middle. 
Forewings   shining   ocherous  saffron,  with  a  slender   unmargined    white  basal 
streak  in  the  fold,  a  white  basal  streak  along  the  costa,  narrowly  dark  maigined 
on  the  extreme  costa,  extended  to  the  first  costal  streak,  which  is  silvery  white, 
very  oblique  and  unmargined  ;  behind  this  are  three  small  costal  stieaks  of  the 
same  hue,  the  two  central  dark  margined  internally.      Opposite  the  first  costal 
streak  is  a  long,  very  oblique,  silvery  white  dorsal  streak,  extending  along  the 
inner  margin  to  the  base,  with  daik  brown  scales  between  their  hinder  ends,  or 
exterior  to  the  tip  of  the  dorsal  streak,  but  sometimes  absent.     Nearly  opposite 
the  third  costal  streak  is  a  dorsal  silvery  streak  dark  margined  inteinally.      No 
apical  spot,  sometimes  with  dispersed  brown  scales  beneath  the  last  costal  spot. 
The  hinder  marginal  line  blackish  ;  cilia  pale  fulvous.      Posterior  wings  gray; 
cilia  gray,  with  a  fulvous  hue." 

The  alar  expanse,  omitted  in  tiie  original  de.^cription,  is  <S  mni. 
The  mines  of  this  species  are  very  common  on  the  underside  of 
leaves  of  oaks.     The  mine  lies  between  two  veins  and  is  nearly  rec- 
tanguhir  in  sha})e  and  unwrinkled.     At  the  time  of  pupation,  the 


ANNETTE    F.    BRAUN.  309 

frass,  wliieh  has  been  deposited  along  the  edges  of  the  mine,  is  col- 
lected and  made  into  an  oval  ring-like  wall  of  the  cocoon,  leaving 
the  cuticle  transparent,  through  which  the  pupa  is  plainly  visible. 
It  ranges  throughout  the  entire  United  States.  Specimens  collected 
by  Lord  Walsingham  in  California  and  Oregon  (of  which  there  is 
a  specimen  in  the  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.)  are  identical  with  the  eastern 
specimens,  but  somewhat  larger  and  the  white  streaks  are  a  little 
broader  and  more  distinct. 

L.itIiocolletis«  celtiKella  Clianihers. 

Pliite  XXir.  Fig.  18. 

LithocoUetis  celtiseUa  Chambers,  Can.  Eiit.,  iii,  129,  1871. — Cin.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  i, 

201,  1874.— Bull.    Geol.   Surv.  Terr.,   iv,   117,   1878.— Frey  aud   Boll, 

Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxi.Y.  274.  1878.— Chambers.  Jn.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist., 

ii,  190,  1879.— Walsingham,  Ins.  Life,  ii,  52,  1889. 
Syn.  nonfasciella  Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  iii,  108,  1871. — Cin.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  i,  201, 

1874. — pnsiUifolieUa  Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xssvii,  226,  1876. 

—Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxix,  274,  1878. 
"Face,  palpi  and  under  surface  silvery  white,  the  under  surface  and  legs 
tinged  with  yellowish  ;  antennae  silvery,  annulate  above  with  dark  brown.  Tuft, 
thorax  and  anterior  wings  saifron  yellow,  with  a  white  patch  in  the  center  of 
the  tuft  and  the  usual  white  line  across  the  anterior  margin  and  sides  of  the 
thorax,  which,  however,  as  in  other  species,  is  sometimes  wanting.  When  pres- 
ent it  is  confluent  with  the  rather  long  narrow  median  basal  white  streak,  which 
is  faintly  dark  margined  towards  the  dorsal  margin.  Just  before  the  middle  is 
a  white  fasciH,  augulated  near  the  costa  and  produced  backwards  at  the  angle, 
and  strongly  dark  margined  internally.  Near  the  base  of  the  cilia  is  another 
straight  white  fascia  not  definitely  bounded,  anteriorly  margined  with  dark 
brown  and  with  many  dark  brown  scales  intersjiersed  in  the  white,  and  some- 
times divided  into  two  or  three  rather  indefinite  sjiots.  The  apex  of  the  thorax 
is  white,  and  from  it  a  narrow  white  line  passes  along  the  posterior  margin  of 
the  wing  to  the  first  fascia,  and  sometimes  is  faintly  indicated  to  the  base  of  the 
cilia  and  is  margined  with  dark  brown.  Apex  dusted  with  dark  brown  on  a 
white  ground,  the  dusting  margined  by  an  oblique  white  line  internally.  Some- 
times the  dusting  is  not  thick,  and  the  whole  apical  half  of  the  wings  is  sparsely 
flecked  with  dark  brown  scales.  The  markings  of  the  apical  half  of  the  wing  are 
all  indefinite,  the  colors  not  being  separated  by  distnict  well-marked  lines,  but  to 
some  extent  running  into  each  other.  Alar  expanse  less  than  one-fourth  inch. 
Kentucky.  Very  abundant.  There  is  some  variation  in  the  intensity  of  the 
color,  some  species  being  much  paler  than  others,  and  one  specimen  in  my  pos- 
session has  the  thorax  entirely  white." 

In  the  original  description,  which  is  reprinted  above,  Chambers 
says  that  the  basal  streak  is  "faintly  dark  margined  toward  the 
dorsal  margin."  In  all  my  specimens  (bred),  the  streak  is  mar- 
gined toward  the  costa  and  not  at  all  on  the  dorsal  side.     The  first 

TEANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC,  XXXIV.  OCTOBEK,  1908. 


310 


AMERICAN    MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. 


Mine  of  L.  celtisella. 


fascia  in  celtisella  occupies  nearly  the  same  position  as  the  second  in 
celtifoliella. 

This  species  has  been  made  a  synonym  of  celtifoliella,  but  an  ex- 
amination of  specimens  of  each  and  a  comparison  of  the  early  stages 
shows  that  celtisella  and  celtifoliella  are  specifically  distinct. 
Food  plant,  Celtis  occidentalis  L. 

The  larva,  of  the  cylindrical  type  in   the  later  stages,  enters  the 
leaf  on   the  lower  surface,  and  makes  a  narrow  linear  mine,  then 

cuts  through  the  parenchyma 
to  the  upper  side,  where  the 
mine  broadens  into  an  elon- 
gate blotch,  made  tent-like  by 
a  longitudinal  ridge  in  each 
epidermis.  The  larvse  eat  the 
entire  parenchyma,  leaving 
merely  the  dark  discolored 
cuticles  of  the  leaf. 
The  mines  and  imagoes  of  this  species  are  very  abundant.  Its 
range  is  wide,  and  probably  coincides  with  that  of  its  food  plant. 

liithocolletis  lucetiella  Clemens. 

Plate  XXII,  Fig.  19. 

Lithocolletis  Incetiella  Clemens,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  319,  322,  1859.— Tin. 

No.  Am.,  65,  73,  1872.— Chambers,  Can.  Eut.,  iii,  56,  1871.— Walsing- 

ham,  Ins.  Life,  ii.  52,  1889.— Busck,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  188,  1903.— 

Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6262. 
Syu.  seni(jmatellii  Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxiv,  219,  1873.— Chambers, 

Cin.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  i,  210,  1874. 
Antennte,  palpi,  face  and  tuft  shining  white.  Thorax  and  basal  half  of  the 
forewings  shining  white.  Apical  part  of  the  forewings  suffused  with  golden.  A 
golden  costal  streak  from  the  base,  not  extending  to  the  middle.  At  about  the 
middle  is  a  silvery  white  fascia,  broadly  margined  with  golden  on  its  inner  side, 
and  with  a  black  spot  on  the  costa  internally.  This  fascia  is  also  sometimes  mar- 
gined internally  towards  the  dorsal  margin  with  a  few  black  scales.  In  the 
apical  portion  of  the  wing  are  two  white  costal  streaks;  the  first  margined  intei- 
nally  by  a  black  spot;  the  second  near  the  tip  and  uumargined.  Nearly  oppo- 
site the  first  costal  streak  is  a  large  dorsal  streak  dark  margined  internally  by 
an  oblique  black  line.  Cilia  golden  around  the  apex,  becoming  silvery  white 
toward  the  tornus.     Expanse  6-7  mm. 

The  hindwings  and  cilia  are  silvery  gray.     Legs  white,  first  pair  shaded  with 
gray.     Abdomen  dark  gray  in  the  male,  silvery  in  the  female;  anal  tuft  silvery. 

The  mines  of  tliis  very  distinct  species  are  common  in  the  Atlan- 
tic States  on  the  underside  of  leaves  of  Tilia  Americana  L.     The 


ANNETTE    F.    BRAUN. 


311 


larva  is  pale  greenish  yellow,  with  a  darker  head.  The  mine  is 
rectangular,  often  nearly  square,  and  placed  between  two  veins  and 
unwrinkled.  When  complete,  the  mine  is  transparent,  and  the 
pupa,  which  is  contained  in  an  oval  cocoon,  is  plainly  visible. 

Ijithocolletis  syuiplioricarpella  Chambers. 

Plate  XXII,  Fig.  20. 

Lithocolletis  symphoricarpella  Chambers,  Cin.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  ii,  98,  1875. — Dyar. 

Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6311. 
Syn.  symphoricarpella  Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxis,  271,  1878. — bolliella 
Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6312. 
Antennse  grayish,  broadly  annulate  with  dark  brown.    Face  and  palpi  shining 
yellowish  white.     Tuft  reddish  golden. 

Thorax  and  forewiugs  shining  brownish  golden.  Pale  markings  shining  with 
a  faint  golden  lustre.  There  is  a  short  indistinct  median  basal  streak.  Just 
before  the  middle  is  a  slightly  curved  fascia,  inwardly  margined  with  blackish 
scales  and  outwardly  shading  into  the  ground  color  of  the  wing.  At  the  begin- 
ning of  the  cilia  is  a  second  fascia,  sometimes  divided  into  a  costal  and  an  oppo- 
site dorsal  streak  by  a  line  of  dark  scales.  Just  preceding  the  dusted  apex  is  a 
rather  indistinct  costal  streak.  Cilia  around  the  apex,  of  the  wing  color,  becom- 
ing gray  at  the  tornus.     Alar  expanse  5.5-6  mm. 

Hiudwings  and  cilia  gray.  Abdomen  gray.  Legs  shining  gray,  tarsi  spotted 
with  whitish. 

The  form  described  by  Frey  and  Boll  is  that  in  which  the  pair  of 
streaks  at  the  beginning  of  the  cilia  do  not  unite  to  form  a  fascia. 

While  only  reported  from  Ohio,  Kentucky  and  Texas,  its  I'ange 
is  probably  co-extensive  with  that  of  its  food  plant. 

The  larvjB  form  very  small  tent  mines  on  the  underside  of  leaves 
of  Symphoricarpos  Syniphoricarpos  (L.)  Mac  M.  The  mine  is  placed 
between  two  veins,  and  when  mature  is  much  wrinkled.  Just 
before  pupation,  one  half  of  the  mine  is  lined  with  silk,  and  par- 
titioned off,  thus  forming  an  ovoid  silken  chamber  in  which  the 
pupa  is  formed.  AVhen  the  imago  emerges  the  pupa  case  is  thrust 
through  the  upper  epidermis. 

L<ithocolleti«  osteusackenella  Fitch. 
Plate  XXII,  Fig.  21. 
Argyromiges  ostensaclcenella  Fitch,  Rept.  Ins.  N.  Y.,  v,  338,  1859. 
Lithocolletis  ostensaclcenella  Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  iii,  183, 1871.— Dyar,  Bull.  52.  U. 

S.  Nat.  Mus..  1902,  No.  62G5. 
Syn.  ornntella  Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  iii,  161,  1871;  iv,  107,  1872;  xi,  91.  1879.— 
Zeller,  Verb.  Zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien,  xxv,  347,  1875.— Frey   and  Boll. 
Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxiv,  217,  1873.— Walsingham,  Ins.  Life,  ii,  5.3,  1889 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC,  XXXIV.  OCTOHFJR,  1908. 


312  AMERICAN    MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. 

Antenna^  dark  brown.  Face  and  palpi  silvery  wliite,  with  a  purplisli  and 
golden  iridescent  lustre.  Tuft  small,  dark  brown.  Ground  color  of  the  thorax 
and  forewings  brilliant  golden  brown  ;  that  of  the  thorax  a  shade  darker.  Two 
silvery  fasciae,  margined  internally  with  dark  brown  ;  and  beyond  them  two  pair 
of  opposite  streaks,  also  internally  dark  margined,  of  which  the  first  pair  some- 
times unite  to  form  an  interrupted  fascia.  The  basal  fourth  of  the  wing  is  dark 
brown,  more  golden  below  tlie  fold  toward  the  base.  The  first  fascia  is  at  the 
basal  fourth,  and  shades  gradually  into  the  ground  color  of  the  wing.  It  is  fol- 
lowed at  about  the  middle  by  a  second  similar  fascia.  At  the  beginning  of  the 
costal  cilia  is  a  silvery  spot,  and  opposite  it  a  larger  dorsal  spot.  At  the  apical 
fifth  is  a  similar  costal  spot,  and  opposite  it  a  small  dorsal  one.  Marginal  scales 
at  the  base  of  the  apical  cilia  dark  brown.    Cilia  silvery  gray.    Expanse  5.5-6  mm. 

Hindwings  and  cilia  gray.  Abdomen  dark  gray,  with  a  purplish  golden  lustre. 
Legs  gray. 

Tlie  mine  is  a  yellow  blotch,  occurring  upon  either  the  upper  or 
lower  surface  of  leaves  of  Rohinia pseudacacia  L.  and  Robinia  his- 
pida  Li.  The  leaf  is  but  slightly  contracted  and  the  larva  is  some- 
what more  flattened  than  is  usual  in  the  cylindrical  group.  The 
larva  leaves  the  mine  to  pupate,  spinning  a  flat,  oval,  yellowish 
brown,  silken  cocoon. 

The  species  is  abundant  wherever  its  food  plant  occurs. 

l<ithocolIeti!>i  tritrenianella  Chambers. 
Plate  XXII,  Fig.  22. 
Lithocolletis  tritivnianella  Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  iii,  110,  184,  1871;  v,  48,  1873;  si, 
89,  1879.— Walsingham,  Ins.  Life,  ii,  53,  1889— tritieniella'Dyiir,  Bull. 
52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6316. 
Syn.  consimilella  Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxiv,  214,  1873. — Chambers, 
Cin.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  i,  202,  1874;  ii,  230.  1875.— Walsingham,  Ins.  Life, 
ii,  51,  1889. 
Face  and  palpi  white;  anteniiie  white,  annulate  with  fuscous  above ;  tnft  saf- 
fron, mixed  with  a  few  brownish  scales. 

Thorax  and  forewings  pale  reddish  saffron.  Three  white  fasciae, each  narrowly 
margined  internally  with  dark  brown  scales  ;  the  first  at  about  the  basal  fourtli, 
the  second  near  the  middle.  The  third  midway  between  the  second  and  the 
apex,  is  the  narrowest  and  is  slightly  angulated  in  the  middle.  An  indistinct 
oblique  whitish  costal  streak  near  the  apex.  Apex  slightly  dusted  with  brown 
mixed  with  a  few  white  scales.  Cilia  slightly  paler  than  the  ground  color.  Ex- 
panse 7-8  mm. 

Hindwings  and  cilia  gray.  Abdomen  reddish  brown.  Legs  and  tarsi  wliitish  ; 
tarsi  slightly  tipped  with  black. 

The  larvie  form  rather  large  tent  mines  on  the  upper  side  of 
Ostrya  Virginiana  (Mill.)  Willd.  At  first  the  mine  is  a  flat  blotch, 
and  the  loosened  epidermis  is  white,  sparsely  speckled  with  Itrown. 
Later,  by  contraction  of   the  epidermis,  the  mine  becomes  roomy 


ANNETTE    F.     BRAUX.  313 

and  tentiforiii  ;  and  the  leaf  is  completely  folded  over.  The  larva 
i.s  green  and  of  the  cylindrical  type,  and  spins  a  thin  ovoid  silken 
cocoon,  fastened  to  the  leaf  above  and  below.  Mr.  Chambers  (Can. 
Ent.,  iii,  84,  1871)  described  the  larvae  and  mine  of  this  species  nnder 
the  mistaken  impression  that  they  belonged  to  his  L.  virginiella. 

LiifliocoIletiN  afliiiis  Frey  and  Boll. 
Lithocolletis  affinis  Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxvii,  222,  1876;  xxxix,  270. 
187«.— Walsingliam,  Ins.  Life,  ii,  51,  1889.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat. 
Mus..  1902,  No.  6314. 

The  head,  thorax  and  forewings  are  of  a  uniformly  dark  reddish  saffron.  Face 
and  palpi  shining  white,  legs  whitish  gray.  The  tarsi  of  the  first  pair  have  dis- 
tinct blackish  bands.  The  second  pair  are  spotted  with  blackish,  the  last  }>air 
are  lighter,  marked  with  brownish  black.  The  dorsal  side  of  the  abdomen  is 
dark  gray,  the  ventral  side  whitish. 

Tlie  feebly  shining  forewings  have  thiee  fascite.  at  the  basal  third,  at  the  mid- 
dle, and  at  three-quarters  of  the  wing  length  respectively.  All  the  fasciae  are 
faintly  dark  margined  toward  the  base,  the  first  straight,  the  second  slightly 
concave,  the  third  feebly  angulated.  Before  the  apex  there  is  ii  white  costal 
streak,  without  any  dark  margining.     The  cilia  are  of  tlie  ground  color. 

Hindwings  rather  dark  gray,  their  cilia  lighter  brownish. 

Frey  and  Boll  have  thus  described  the  species. 

Found  in  Texas,  where  the  larvie  make  underside  mines  on  a 
species  of  Lonicera,  and  on  a  species  of  Stpnphoricarpos. 

The  ab.sence  of  any  dark  dusting  in  the  apex  of  the  wing  distin- 
guishes the  imago  of  this  species  from  that  of  trUa'nianella  Cham. 

I..ithocolleti»»  mariicella  Chamber.«. 
Plate  XXII,  Fig.  23. 
Lithocolletis  marixella  Chambers,  Cin.  Quart.  Jn.  Sei.,  ii,  99,  1875. — Can.  Ent.,  xi, 
92,  1879.— Walsingham,  Trans.  Am.   Ent.  Soc,  x,  201,   1882.— Dyar, 
Bull.  52.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6315. 
Syn.  viariella  Riley,  Smith's  List  Lep.  Bor.  Am.,  190,  1891. 

Face  and  palpi  whitish  ;  last  joints  of  the  palpi  darkened  externally.  Anteniite 
grayish  white,  annulate  with  brown.     Tuft  reddish  orange. 

Thorax  and  forewings  golden  brown.  Two  white  fasciae,  one  at  the  basal 
fourth,  and  the  other  at  the  middle  of  the  wing  length,  both  bent  outwaid  near 
the  median  line,  and  margined  with  dark  brown  internally.  At  the  beginning 
of  the  costal  cilia  is  a  white  streak  nearly  meeting  an  opposite  dorsal  streak,  both 
dark  margined  internally.  A  curved  white  streak,  margined  before  by  a  daiker 
shaiie,  encloses  the  apex,  and  sometimes  extends  through  the  cilia  on  the  dorsal 
margin.  The  apex  of  the  wing  is  sometimes  darkened  by  a  few  brown  scales. 
Cilia  a  shade  paler  than  the  wings.     Expanse  8-8.5  mm. 

Hindwings  gray,  with  reddish  cilia.  Abdomen  brownish  gray.  Hind  legs 
brownish  red  ;  the  other  two  pair  whitish,  banded  with  black. 

TBAN6.  AM.  ENT.  soc. .  XXXIV.  (40)  OCTOBER,    1908. 


314  AMERICAN    MICKO-LEPIDOPTERA. 

Missouri. 

Tlie  tentiform  mine  of  this  species  occurs  on  the  lower  surface  of 
leaves  of  Symphoricarpos  vulgaris  Michx.  Pupation  takes  place 
within  an  ovoid  white  silken  cocoon.  Mr.  Chambers  (Cin.  Quart. 
Jn.  Sci.,  ii,  99,  1875)  quotes  Miss  Murtfeldt's  description  of  the 
early  stages  of  this  species. 

liitliocolletis  tiliacella  (Chambers. 

Plate  XXII,  Fig.  24. 

Lithocolletis  tiliacella  Chambers,  Can.  Eiit.,  iii,  56,  1871. — Dyar,  Bull.  ')2,  U.  S. 

Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6310. 
Syn.  tilixella  Chambers,  Cin.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  i,  203,  1874. — tiliella  Walsingham, 
Ins.  Life,  iii,  328,  1891. 
''Glistening,  snowy  white;  middle  portion  of  the  anterior  wings  from  near 
their  base  to  the  base  of  the  cilia  pale  golden,  which  is  produced  along  the  costa 
to  the  base — three  broad  silvery  white  fascise  dark  margined  internally  ;  the 
dark  margin  of  the  third  fascia  widely  interrupted  in  the  middle,  and  the  pale 
golden  very  indistinct,  sometimes  not  visible,  behind  it;  the  second  fascia  is 
about  the  middle  of  the  wing.     Alar  expanse  one-fourth  inch.'' 

Chambers  has  sufficiently  characterized  this  species  by  the  short 
description  above. 

The  larvse  belong  to  the  cylindrical  group  and  form  almost  cir- 
cular tent  mines  on  the  upper  side  of  Tilia  Americana  L.  The  mine 
is  white,  densely  speckled  with  dark  brown.  The  pupa  of  the  sum- 
mer brood  is  suspended  in  a  very  slight  silken  web  ;  in  the  brood 
remaining  through  the  winter  in  the  pupal  state,  a  denser  cocoon  is 
spun,  which  is  attached  above  and  below. 

The  species  is  common  throughout  the  Atlantic  States. 

Litliocolletis  oregoiien!>«is  Walsingham. 
Lithocolletis  oregonensis  Walsingham,  Ins.  Life,  ii,  117,  1889. — Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U. 
S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6309. 

"Antennae  closely  annulate  with  white  and  brown.  Palpi  whitish,  dusted 
with  gray  externally.  Haustellum  yellow.  Face  grayish,  frontal  tuft  grayish 
fuscous.     Thorax  golden  saffron. 

"  Forewings  golden  saffron,  with  four  rather  shining  white  f;iscia3,  and  a  semi- 
circular white  apical  streak  inclosing  a  black  apical  spot  and  reaching  through 
the  cilia  on  the  costal  and  dorsal  margins;  the  fiist  fascia  is  situated  within  one- 
fourth  the  wing  length,  the  dorsal  i)ortion  of  it  commencing  nearer  to  the  base 
than  the  costal  portion  and  proceeding  obliquely  outward  to  a  little  above  the 
fold,  the  shorter  costal  portion  only  being  conspicuously  dark  margined  inter- 
nally ;  the  second  fascia,  just  before  the  middle,  is  distinctly  curved,  almost  an- 
gulated  outwards,  and  has  a  conspicuous  margin  of  black  scales  on  its  inner 
side;  the  third  fascia,  commencing  before  the  costal  cilia,  is  less  curved  than  the 


ANNETTE    F.    BRAUN.  315 

second,  but  its  black  inner  margin  interrupts  it  in  tl)e  middle  by  a  sbort  line  of 
black  scales;  tbe  fourth  fascia,  at  the  apical  fifth  of  the  wing,  fs  also  internally 
black  margined,  but  the  black  scaling  is  almost  interrupted,  becoming  very  slen- 
der at  the  middle  of  the  wings;  the  apical  spot  is  black,  encircled  by  white  as 
already  described  ;  the  cilia  are  grayish,  tinged  with  fuscous  about  the  anal 
angle,  and  with  a  short  golden  safTron  dash  from  the  black  apical  spot;  there  is 
no  line  along  their  base. 

Hindwings  and  cilia  pale  grayish.  Abdomen  gray.  Hind  tarsi  whitish, 
thickly  spotted  with  fuscous  above.     Es])anse  7  mm." 

Described  by  Lord  Walsingham  from  two  specimens  taken  on 
the  wing  near  Fort  The  Dalles,  on  the  Columbia  River,  in  Northern 
Oregon,  in  April,  1872. 

Lithocolletis  fragilella  Frey  and   Boll. 
Plate  XXIII,  Fig.  1. 
LithocoUetis  fragitella  Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxix,270,  1878. — Walsing- 
ham, Ins.  Life,  ii,  51,  1889.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No. 
6313. 
Syn.  trifoscieUn  Frey  and  Boll  (not  Haworth).  Stett.  ent.  Zeit..  xxxiv,  215,  1873. 
— Chambers,  Cin.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  i,  205,  1874.— Walsingham,  Ins.  Life, 
iii,  326,  1891. 
Antennse  dark  brown,  narrowly  annulate   with   pale  gray.     Face  and  palpi 
pale  golden.     Tuft  on  the  vertex  reddish  orange,  with  a  few  brown  scales  inter- 
mixed. 

Thorax  and  forewings  deep  reddish  saffron.  On  the  forewings  are  three 
faintly  indicated  narrow  whitish  fascije  situated  at  the  basal  fifth,  two  fifths,  and 
three-fifths  of  the  wing  length,  respectively. 

Tbe  two  former  are  bent  outward  above  the  middle,  the  third  is  nearly  straight. 
These  fasciie  are  sparsely  dusted  internally  on  the  dorsal  half  with  blackish 
scales,  densely  so  on  the  costal  half,  where  the  margin  broadens  into  a  triangular 
area,  that  of  the  first  fascia  sometimes  being  produced  along  the  costa  to  the 
base.  The  internal  margin  of  the  third  fascia  interrupts  it  in  the  middle  with 
a  tooth-like  projection.  At  three-fourths  of  the  wing  length  on  the  costa  is  a 
patch  of  dark  dusting  forming  the  internal  margin  of  a  pale  costal  streak,  oppo- 
site to  which  on  tbe  dorsal  margin  above  the  tornus  is  a  smaller  patch  of  dusting. 
Just  before  the  apex  is  a  second  whitish  costal  streak,  dusted  internally  with  a 
few  dark  scales.  Apex  sparsely  dusted  with  black  scales.  Cilia  of  the  wing 
color  becoming  gray  toward  the  tornus.     Alar  expanse  8.5-9  mm. 

Hindwings  and  cilia  gray,  with  a  fulvous  tinge.  Abdomen  dark  brownish 
gray,  anal  tuft  with  an  ocherous  tinge.  Legs  brownish,  tarsal  joints  blackisli, 
tipped  with  white. 

Massachusetts  to  Texas.  This  species  is  identical  with  that 
erroneously  identified  by  Frey  and  l>oll  as  trifasciella  Haw.  from  a 
specimen  bred  from  Loniceni  sempervirens  Ait.  at  Candn-idge,  Mass. 
(Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxiv,  215,  1873).     The  food  plant  of  the  Texan 

TRANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  OCTOBER,  1908. 


316  AMERICAN    MICKO-LEPIDOPTERA. 

specimens  was  given  as  Louicera  "  albida''  (such  a  plant  has  never 
been  catalogued).  The  mine  is  placed  on  the  underside  of  tiie  leaf. 
A  large  series  bred  by  Mr.  August  Busck  on  Lonicera  sempervirens 
Ait.  is  in  the  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus. 

L<ithocolletis  salivifoliella  Clem. 
Plate  XXIII,  Figs.  2,  3;  XXIV,  Fig.  24. 
LithocoUetin  salicifolieUa  Clemens,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phil.,  i,  81, 1861.— Tin.  No.  Am., 
169,   1872.— Packard.  Guide  Stud.  Ins.,  353,    1869.— Chambers,   Can. 
Ent.,  iii,  163,  185,  1871.— Cin.  Quart.  Ju.  Sci.,  ii,  302,  1875.— Can.  Ent., 
vii,  126,  1875.— Bull.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  iii,  139,  1877.— Walsingham, 
Ins.  Life,  ii,  54,  1889.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6333. 
Syn.  atomariella  Zeller,  Verh.  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien,  xxv,  350, 1875. — Walsingham, 
Ins.  Life,  ii,  54,  1889.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6332. 
Antennae  white,  more  or  less  distinctly  annulate  with  brown.     Face  and  palpi 
white;  tuft  white,  sometimes  thickly  interspersed  with  brown  scales. 

The  following  is  Chambers'  description  of  the  forewings  in  Can. 
Ent.,  vii,  126,  1875: 

"  Thorax  and  primaries  bright  golden  or  saffron  yellow,  according  to  the  light, 
or  even  sometimes  dull  brownish  yellow,  the  thorax  and  basal  portion  of  the 
dorsal  margin  of  the  forewings  being  largely  intermixed  with  white,  and  dusted 
more  or  less  with  black.  Sometimes  the  inner  angle  is  of  the  general  ground 
hue,  scarcely  dusted  or  marked  with  either  white  or  dark  brown,  and  then  there 
is  a  median  white  basal  streak  which  meets  at  an  acute  angle  with  a  dorsal  white 
streak  about  the  basal  fourth  of  the  wing  length.  Both  of  these  white  streaks, 
and  all  other  white  markings  on  the  wings  are  more  or  less  dusted  with  dark 
gray-brown,  sometimes  so  much  as  to  obscure  the  white.  Before  the  middle  of 
the  costa  is  a  long  white  streak,  which  attains  the  middle  of  the  wing,  curving 
backwards;  a  little  behind  this,  on  the  dorsal  margin,  is  a  large  dorsal  white 
streak,  wide  on  the  margin,  but  shorter  than  the  first  costal  streak,  like  which  it 
curves  backwards  along  the  middle  of  the  wing,  being  usually  confluent,  or  very 
nearly  so  with  the  first  costal  streak  ;  a  little  further  back,  about  the  middle  of 
the  costal  margin,  is  another  white  costal  streak  shorter  than  the  first,  but  like 
it  curving  back  along  the  middle  of  the  wing,  and  usually  confluent  with  the 
first  costal  and  first  dorsal  streaks.  Then  follows  another  narrower  and  some- 
what oblique  costal  white  streak,  opposite  to  which  is  a  triangular  white  dorsal 
spot  separated  from  it  by  some  brown  scales;  just  before  the  cilia  is  a  curved 
white  fascia  concave  towards  the  apex  and  sometimes  interrupted  in  the  middle, 
and  just  before  the  apex  is  another  similar  fascia,  which,  however,  sometimes 
does  not  attain  the  dorsal  margin,  and  behind  it  in  the  apex  is  a  short  brown 
streak.  All  these  white  streaks  and  fasciic  are  decidedly  dark  margined  before, 
and  more  or  less  dusted  with  grayish  brown.  There  is  a  brown  hinder  niaiginal 
line  at  the  base  of  the  cilia,  which  latter  are  stramineous." 

Expanse  7-8  mm. 

The  hindwiugs  are  gray,  with  ocherous  tinged  cilia;  pale  ocher- 


ANNETTE    F.    BRAUN.  317 

ous  in  the  sunuuer  form.  Abdomen  gray,  with  ocherous  apex. 
Legs  varying  from  pale  whitish  ocherous  to  gray,  their  tarsi  whitish 
at  the  bases,  grayish  brown  toward  the  apices. 

Tliis  species  is  probably  found  over  the  whole  of  the  United 
States.  In  the  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.  is  a  series  bred  by  Dr.  Dyar  at 
Denver,  Colorado,  on  Cottonwood  in  July,  1901,  and  a  specimen 
from  California  on  Salix  (collection  C.  V.  Riley). 

The  food  plants  are  various  species  of  Salix  and  Populus,  the 
mine  being  placed  on  the  lower  side  of  the  leaf.  The  imagoes  of 
the  fall  brood,  which  appear  in  October,  hibernate. 

This  is  an  exceedingly  varial)le  species,  so  variable  in  fact,  that 
specimens  of  the  different  broods  may  easily  be  mistaken  for  distinct 
species.  The  differences  are  due  to  a  variation  in  the  extent  of  the 
white  markings,  and  in  the  black  dusting,  some  specimens  lacking 
entirely  the  black  dusting  typical  of  the  species. 

I  have  bred  series  of  this  species  in  successive  broods  from  tenti- 
form  mines  on  the  underside  of  leaves  of  Populus  bulsamifera  L. 
In  the  imagoes  which  appear  in  August,  the  black  dusting  is  almost 
or  entirely  lacking.  One  of  these  is  represented  on  Plate  XXIII, 
Fig.  3.  Such  specimens  are  identical  with  tho.se  bred  by  Dr.  Dyar 
in  Colorado.  In  this  form  the  tuft  and  thorax  are  often  pure  white, 
and  very  often  the  first  dorsal  streak  is  widely  separated  from  the 
first  costal  streak,  with  which  it  is  usually  confluent  in  the  dusted 
specimens. 

Zeller,  in  his  description  of  atomariella,  and  Chambers,  in  his 
earlier  description  (Can.  Ent.,  iii,  163,  1871),  regarded  white  as  the 
ground  color  of  the  wings.  Zeller's  two  types  at  Cambridge  are 
identical  with  Chambers'  s[)ecimens,  which  represent  the  dusted 
form  of  the  species  (Plate  XXllI,  Fig.  2).  The  Zeller  type  at  the 
U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.  (Plate  XXIV,  Fig.  24)  has  a  greater  extent  of 
the  wing  occupied  by  the  white  markings. 

liilliocoUetis  treiuuloidiella  Brauu. 
Plate  XXIII,  Fig.  4. 
Lithocolletis  tremuloidiella  Brauu,  Ent.  News,  xix,  102,  1908. 

Antennse  dark  gray,  t}ie  joints  beconiinj;  lighter  toward  their  bases.  Palpi 
grayish  white.     Face  grayish  white.     Tuft  gray,  mixed  with  white. 

Forewings  pale  reddish  brown  near  the  base,  becoming  more  ocherous  beyond 
the  middle.  There  is  a  short  median  basal  white  streak,  and  a  dorso-basal  white 
streak,  both  thickly  dusted  with  blackish  scales,  and  uniting  with  the  first  dor- 

TEANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC  XXXIV.  OCTOBEK,  1908. 


318  AMERICAN    MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. 

sal  streak.  There  are  five  costal  and  five  dorsal  white  streaks,  all  dark  margined 
internally  and  more  or  less  dusted  with  blackish  scales,  the  last  two  jiair,  how- 
ever, not  dusted.  These  streaks  are  situated  as  follows:  a  large  oblique  white 
costal  streak  at  the  basal  fifth,  attaining  the  middle  of  the  wing  and  prolonged 
backward  ;  nearer  the  base  an  oblique  dorsal  streak,  almost  meeting  the  first 
costal  before  the  middle;  the  second  costal  streak  also  oblique;  the  second  do)sal 
streak  nearer  the  base  than  the  second  costal,  large,  oblique,  strongly  constricted 
just  below  the  fold,  and  uniting  with  the  apices  of  the  first  and  second  costal 
streaks;  third  costal  and  dorsal  streaks  nearly  opposite,  less  oblique,  their  ai)ices 
separated  by  a  narrow  prolongation  of  the  blackish  internal  margins.  The 
fourth  costal  and  dorsal  streaks,  of  which  the  costal  is  at  the  apical  fourth,  the 
dorsal  at  the  tornns,  form  an  inwardly  convex  white  fascia.  Fifth  costal  and 
dorsal  streaks  also  form  a  curved  white  fascia.  An  irregular  blackish  apical 
spot.  Marginal  line  in  the  cilia  blackish,  with  a  blnish  lustre.  Cilia  gray.  Alar 
expanse  9-10.5  mm. 

Hindwings  gray.  Cilia  gray,  with  a  reddish  tinge.  Abdomen  dark  gray 
above,  grayish  white  beneath.  Anal  tuft  grayish  ocherous.  Legs  dark  gray, 
tips  of  the  tarsi  lighter. 

Described  from  specimens  bred  by  Mr.  W.  D.  Kearfott  from 
tentiform  mines  on  the  underside  of  leaves  of  Populus  tremvloides 
Miclix.,  received  from  Mr.  J.'  W.  Cockle,  Kaslo,  B.  C,  August  26, 
1907.  The  imagoes  appeared  during  the  same  month.  The  mine 
is  large  (for  an  underside  Lithocolletis  mine),  oval,  and  with  a  fine 
fold  through  its  long  axis.  It  closely  resembles  the  mine  of  L. 
salicifoliella  on  poplar,  but  is  very  much  larger. 

There  is  considerable  variation  in  the  extent  of  the  white  mark- 
ings;  sometimes  the  fascia  formed  by  the  fourth  pair  of  streaks  is 
interrupted,  and  the  fascia  just  before  the  apex  does  not  reach  the 
inner  inargin. 

This  species  is  very  close  to  L.  salicifoliella  in  the  character  and 
arrangement  of  markings;  but  may  be  distinguished  from  it  by  the 
much  greater  expanse,  the  slightly  shining  and  more  reddish  ground 
color  of  the  forewings,  the  slightly  less  oblique  position  of  the  white 
streaks,  and  by  the  noticeable  bluish  lustre  of  the  marginal  line  in 
the  cilia.  The  specimens  which  appear  in  August  are  densely 
dusted,  in  this  respect  differing  from  the  corre.sponding  brood  of  L. 
salicifoliella. 

By  some  mistake,  this  species  has  been  referred  to  as  Lithocolletis 
populiella  Chambers  by  Mr.  Busck  in  his  paper,  "  Tineid  Moths 
from  British  Columbia"  (Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  xxvii,  770,  1904), 
and  by  Dr.  Harrison  G.  Dyar  in  "  Lepidoptera  of  the  Kootenai 
District"  (Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  xxvii,  937,  1904). 


ANNETTE    F.     BRAUX.  319 

I^ithocollelis  celtiToliella  Cliambers. 

Plate  XXIII,  Fig.  5. 

LithocoUetis  celtifoliella   Chambers,  Can.  Eiit..  iii,  123,  1871. — Bull.  Geol.  Siirv. 

Terr.,  iv,  118,  1878.— Wal.siugliam,  Ins.  Life,  ii,  52,  1889. -Dyar,  Bull. 

52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus..  1902,  Xo.  6286. 
"Face  and  palpi  silvery  white,  the  palpi  on  their  outer  surface  saffron,  flecked 
with  brown.  Antennae  brown,  annulate  with  white,  and  flecked  with  blackish 
scales.  Tuft  reddish  saffron,  with  white  scales  intermixed.  Thorax  reddish 
saffron  anteriorly,  passing  into  brown  toward  the  apex,  sparsely  flecked  with 
white,  and  with  the  usual  white  line  (sometimes  absent),  across  the  anterior  mar- 
gin produced  backwards  over  the  teguhe  and  on  to  the  wings,  where  it  is  con- 
fluent with  a  narrow  median  white  basal  streak  which  is  strongly  dark  margined 
dorsally,  the  dark  margin  being  produced  beyond  it  nearly  to  the  middle  of  the 
wing.  Anterior  wings  reddish  saffron,  the  dorsal  margin  nearly  to  the  cilia, 
thickly  dusted  with  dark  brown  on  a  white  ground,  and  with  a  streak  of  dark 
brown  extending  to  the  basal  streak  not  far  from  the  base.  Three  fascia;,  rather 
indefinitely  bounded,  of  dark  brown  upon  a  white  ground  ;  all  strongly  angula- 
ted  posteriorly  about  the  middle,  the  third  one  slightly  interrupted  near  the 
costa  and  passing  gradually  into  a  costo-apical  patch  of  dark  brown  on  a  white 
ground.  The  first  fascia  is  just  before  the  middle  ;  the  second  is  about  the  mid- 
dle, and  each  sends  a  white  streak  fi-om  its  angle  nearly  to  the  next  fascia. 
There  is  a  dorso-apical  patch  of  dense  dark  brown  dusting  on  a  white  ground, 
larger  than  the  costo-apical  one  above  mentioned.  Cilia  pale  reddish  saffron, 
with  a  dark  brown  hinder  marginal  line  in  the  cilia.  Sometimes  almost  the 
entire  thorax  and  dorsal  margins  of  the  wings  are  densely  dusted  with  dark 
brown  on  a  white  ground,  whilst  the  first  and  second  fascise  blend  with  each 
other  near  the  dorsal  margin,  and  the  third  fascia  blends  with  the  dorso-apical 
dusting.  It  varies  in  the  extent  and  intensity  of  the  dusting.  Under  surface  sil- 
very white,  with  a  patch  of  dark  brown  dusting  on  each  side  of  of  each  abdomi- 
nal segment.  Legs  silvery  white,  with  the  anterior  tibiae  and  tarsi  reddish  saf- 
fron, dusted  thickly  with  dark  brown,  and  the  intermediate  and  posterior  tibiae 
and  tarsi  spotted  and  annulate  with  dark  brown.  Alar  expanse  one-fourth  inch. 
Kentucky.  Not  common.  The  larva  is  cylindrical,  yellowish,  and  makes  a  tent 
mine  on  the  under  surface  of  the  leaves  of  the  liackberry  (Celth  occidentalis  L.)." 

The  above  extract  from  the  Can.  Ent.,  iii,  128,  1871,  i.s  Chambers' 
original  description  of  the  species  with  his  note  upon  the  larval  stage. 

There  is  great  variation  in  the  density  of  the  dark  dusting;  in 
one  specimen  the  white  fasciae  are  distinctly  present  as  narrow  white 
lines,  beyond  what  would  in  this  case  be  considered  their  internal 
dusting  (the  three  dark  brown  fascise  of  which  Chambers  speaks). 
The  first  of  these  fasciae  reaches  the  costa  at  about  the  basal  third. 
Often  the  basal  streak  is  overlaid  with  black  dusting,  which  then 
occupies  the  basal  portion  of  the  wing  below  the  fold.  This  species 
is  much  less  common  than  L.  celtUella  Chambers,  which  mines  the 
upper  surface  of  Celtis. 

TRANS.  AM.  KNT.  80C.,  XXXIV.  OCTOBER,    1908. 


320  AMERICAN    MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. 

Chambers  records  this  rare  species  from  Kentucky.  I  have 
taken  it  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  and  Mr.  W.  D.  Kearfott  has  collected 
the  mines  in  the  early  part  of  September  in  Jefferson  County,  West 
Virginia. 

The  mine,  which  is  of  the  usual  underside  type,  lies  between  two 
veins,  and  is  somewhat  variable  in  shape.  The  pupa  is  suspended 
in  a  few  silken  threads.  The  imagoes  appear  during  the  latter  part 
of  September. 

Ijithocolletis  lysiiuachiseella  Chambers. 
Lifhocolletis  hjsimachiwella  Chambers,  Cin.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  ii,  100,  1875. — Walsiiip- 
ham,  lus.  Life,  ii,  77,  1889.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902.  No. 
6336. 

This  is  a  name  given  to  a  species  in  the  larval  state,  whose  tenti- 
form  mines  were  found  on  the  underside  of  Lysimachia  lanceolata 
Walt.  (^Stelronema  lanceolatum  (Walt)  A.  Gray).  No  imago  was 
ever  bred.     I  have  never  seen  a  mine  of  a  Lithocolletis  on  this  plant. 

GROUP   II. 

The  larva  of  the  flat  group  (Plate  XX,  Fig.  10)  is  very  much 
depressed,  almost  flat,  with  the  sides  of  the  segments  projecting,  thus 
giving  the  entire  larva  a  beaded  appearance.  The  head  is  flat, 
somewhat  triangular  in  shape,  usually  of  a  shining  reddish  brown 
color,  with  the  mouth  parts  projecting  in  front.  The  first  three 
segments  of  the  body  are  broader  than  the  others ;  the  body  tapers 
toward  the  posterior  end.  While  the  legs  are  of  the  same  number 
and  occupy  the  same  position  as  in  the  cylindrical  larva,  all  are 
very  rudimentary,  appearing  as  small  tubercular  projections.  Upon 
the  upper  and  lower  side  of  most  and  sometimes  all  of  the  body  seg- 
ments are  distinctly  outlined,  shining,  darker  spots — the  maculre. 
These  vary  in  shape  on  the  different  segments,  being  elliptical  or 
trapezoidal,  but  are  constant  for  a  given  species  in  each  stage. 
After  the  seventh  or  last  moult,  the  larvii  assumes  a  more  cylindri- 
cal shape,  the  legs  are  better  developed,  and  the  dark  niacuhe  grad- 
ually disappear. 

All  of  the  species  are  miners  on  the  upper  side  of  leaves,  wiiere 
they  make  a  flat,  sometimes  irregularly  shaped  blotch,  or  a  rather 
broad,  linear  tract.  The  larva  feeds  from  the  centre  outwardly, 
thus  gradually  increasing  the  extent  of  the  mined  portion  of  the 
leaf.     This  mode  of  feeding  is  a  necessary  accompaniment  of  the 


ANNETTE    F.     BRAUN.  321 

flatteued  head,  the  hirva  being  able  to  coii:«iiiiie  but  a  few  layers  of 
parenchyma  cells  directly  in  fi-ont  of  it. 

The  mine  retains  its  flat  blotch-like  character  until  after  the  sev- 
enth moult.  The  larva  then  lines  the  loosened  epidermis  with  silk 
and  by  contraction  produces  from  one  to  three  narrow  folds  or 
ridges.  Beneath  this  folded  portion  the  floor  of  the  mine  is  thinly 
covered  with  silk.  Then  the  larva,  lying  on  its  back,  spins  a  flat 
semi-transparent  sheet  of  silk,  oval  or  nearly  circular  in  shape, 
attached  around  its  edges  to  the  floor  of  the  mine  (Plate  XX, 
Fig.  12 j.  Beneath  this,  along  its  long  axis,  the  pupa  is  formed. 
The  pupa,  which  is  protruded  from  the  mine  in  emergence,  is  thrust 
through  a  transverse  slit  near  one  end  of  the  flat  cocoon.  Such  a 
cocoon  is  formed  in  all  but  a  few  of  the  species  of  which  the  life 
history  is  known. 

In  almost  all  of  the  species,  however,  this  cocoon  is  only  made  in 
the  brood  of  which  the  imagoes  are  to  appear  in  the  same  summer. 
In  a  later  brood,  the  hibernating  period,  with  one  or  two  exceptions, 
is  passed  in  the  larval  state.  In  a  number  of  species,  hibernation 
takes  place  beneath  the  folded  epidermis.  In  most  cases,  however, 
an  especially  prepared  silken  lined  chamber  is  formed.  After  the 
floor  of  the  mine  is  loosely  covered  with  silk,  the  upper  epidermis  is 
fastened  down  in  a  circular  or  oval  outline,  and  the  whole  cavity  is 
then  lined  with  silk.  Ample  space  is  provided  by  a  characteristic 
oval  or  hemispherical  projection  upon  the  underside  of  the  leaf. 
The  change  to  pupa  occurs  in  the  spring. 

The  moths  of  this  group  may  easily  be  recognized  by  the  fact  that 
the  white  markings  of  the  forewings  are  always  externally  dark 
margined,  often  densely  dusted  with  black  scales  behind.  In  some 
cases  there  is,  in  addition,  a  slight  internal  nuirgin  consisting  of  a 
few  dark  scales  near  the  costa.  The  markings  consist  of  white  cos- 
tal and  dorsal  streaks,  usually  ol)lique.  Opposite  streaks  may  unite 
to  form  a  fascia,  either  outwardly  angulated  or  straight.  Vriiere 
the  fascia?  are  straight,  they  are  nearer  the  base  on  the  dorsal  mar- 
gin. The  apex  of  the  wing  is  often  densely  dusted  with  black 
atoms,  this  efl'ect  being  produced  by  the  black  tips  to  whitish  scales. 
Sometimes  these  black  tips  form  a  distinct  marginal  line,  which 
passes  around  the  apex  and  usually  extends  to  the  tornus.  This 
line  is  always  present,  but  where  the  apex  is  not  dusted,  is  not 

TRANS.  AM.   ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (41)  OCTOHEK.    190b 


822  AMERICAN    MICRO-I.EPIDOPTERA. 

noticeable.  Beyond  this,  a  second  line  runs  through  the  middle  of 
the  cilia.  This  line  is  formed  by  the  tips  of  a  row  of  scales  of  equal 
length. 

The  following  table  will  separate  the  species: 

A.  Oblique  costal  and  dorsal  streaks;    fasciie,  if  yiresent,  distinctly  angulated  : 
never  two  straight  fasciae. 

B.  Ground  color  of  the  forewings  white liamadryadella. 

BB.  Ground  color  of  the  forewings  not  white. 
C.  An  oblique  white  streak  or  patch  at  the  base  of  the  dorsal  margin,  rarely 
indistinct  (lentella,  carysefoliella) ,  or  indicated  by  its 
dark  margin  only  (agrifoUella) ;  usually  two  angulated 
fascife. 
D.  First  pair  of  costal  and  dorsal  streaks  nearly  perpendicular;  second 
pair  very  oblique. 

E.  A  white  costal  patch  near  the  base unibellulariiie. 

EE.  White  costal  patch  indicated  by  dark  margin  only. 

agrifoliella. 
DD.  First  pair  of  streaks  parallel  to  the  second  pair. 
E.  No  costal  streak  before  the  middle;  a  median  fascia. 

!i»avi*Iiarella. 
EE.  A  fascia  at  one-fourth  and  one-half. 

F.  White  streak  at  base  of  dorsum  indistinct  or  indicated  by  external 
dark  scales  only. 
G.  Third  costal  streak  long  and  usually  uniting  with  the  third  dor- 
sal  carysefoliella. 

GG.  Third  costal  streak  merely  a  sjjot leiilella. 

FF.  White  streak  at  base  of  dorsum  large  and  distinct. 
G.  A  tuft  of  brown  scales  in  the  apical  cilia.  ■  .inaorocarpellsi. 

GG.  No  such  scales ciiiciiiiiatieila. 

CC.  No  such  pale  streak  at  base  of  dorsum. 

D.  Dorsal  margin  white  from  base  to  beyond  middle. 

E.  Dorso-basal  streak  extending  to  oblique  streak  above  the  cilia. 
F.  Antennse  annulate  with  brown  for  their  whole  length. 

congloiiioratella. 

FF.  Basal  third  of  antennte  pure  white iiliiiella. 

EE.  Dorso-basal  streak  extending  but  little  beyond  the  middle  of  the 
dor.sal  margin. 
F.  An  oblicjue  dorsal  streak  at  end  of  basal  streak. 

inediodorNoIIa. 

FF.  No  such  streak quercivorella. 

DD.  Dorsal  margin  not  white. 

E.  Costal  and  dorsal  spots  large;  but  little  oblique,  first  i>air  meeting  or 
almost  meeting. 
F.  Apex  enclosed  in  a  conspicuous  semi-circular  white  strt'ak. 

gaiiltlioi'iolla. 

FF.  Last  costal  streak  not  extended  across  the  wing iieiiioi'iN. 

I'^E.  Not  as  above;  first  pair  of  streaks  widely  separated. 


ANNKTTE    F.     BRAU.V.  323 

F.  Dorsal  streak  beyond  fascia  oblique auslraliKella. 

FF.  Dorsal  streak  beyond  fascia  perpendicular  or  absent. 
(I.  With  two  costal  streaks  or  spots  before  tbe  wbite  streak  or  spot 
forniincr  the  anterior  edge  of  the  ajiical  dustint;. 

H.  Costal  streaks  unmargined chain l»er!i«ella. 

HH.  Costal  streaks  margined. 

I.  Ground  color  of  wings  pale,  with  a  coppery  lustre  toward  the 

apex  ;  marks  very  indistinct cervina. 

II.  Ground  color  saffron,  marks  white- ■■■  plataiioidiella. 
GG.  With  at  most  one  costal  streak  before  the  white  streak  or  spot 

forming  the  anterior  edge  of  the  apical  dusting. 
H.  Median  fascia  liut  slightly  angulated  ;  other  white  marks  small 
•  or  absent. 

I.  Costal  and  dorsal  streaks  absent la!^ciella. 

II.  Costal  and  dorsal  streaks  present caslaneioella. 

HH.  Median  fascia  sharply  angulated  ;  white  marks  conspicuous. 

I.  First  dorsal  streak  long,  oblique,  curved  ..  .  fletclierella. 

II.  First  dorsal  streak  jierpendicular. 

J.  Marks  dull  white,  faintly  margined beliilivora. 

JJ.  Marks  shining  white,  strongly  margined. 

K.  External  dusting  at  angle  of  fascia  produced  backwani  ; 

apex  densely  dusted betliuiiella. 

KK.  Externally  margin  of  fascia  not  produced. 

L.  Size  large  (10  mrn.j;  first  dorsal  streak  very  large. 

arciiella. 
LL.  Size  small  ;   first  dorsal  streak  short. 

ep|»el«<>lieiiuii. 

AA.  Two  straight  or  nearly  straight  fasciaj.  nearer  the  base  on  the  dor.sal  margin. 

B.  No  costal  or  dorsal  streaks  beyond  fascife tiiliif'ercllii. 

BB.  A  costal  and  a  dorsal  streak  at  three-fourths. 

C.  W^itbout  a  paler  streak  at  the  base  of  the  dorsal  margin. 

D.  Apical  dusting  black  on  a  whitish   ground  and  extended  to  the  tornus. 

j^nttifiiiitolla. 
DD.  Apex  velvety  black,  dusting  not  extended  to  tornus. 

ob<$trictella. 

C(;.  With  a  white  streak  or  |>aler  shade  from  inner  angle  to  fold. 
D.  First  fascia  and  its  dark  maigin  bioken  near  the  costa. 

se.*$culi»iella. 

DD.  First  fascia  complete. 

E.  Color  deep  reddish  ;  not  ocherous hamailieliella. 

EE.  Color  more  ocherous. 

F.  Scales  of  the  api<;al  third  tipped  with   brown,  marginal  line  in  the 

cilia  distinct ostryarella. 

FF.  Apical  third  not  dusted,  maiginal  line  indistinct. 

G.  Apex  of  dorsal  streak  above  cilia  directed  toward  opposite  costal 

streak cor.y  lisella. 

GG.  Dorsal  streak  above  cilia  curved  and  directed  toward  apex. 

aceriella. 

TRANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  OCTOI5EK.    1908. 


324  AMERICAN    MICRO-LKPIDOPTKRA. 

Liithocolletis  gaiiltlieriella  WHlsingbam. 
Plate  XXIII,  Fig.  6. 
lAihocoUe.tis  gaidtheriella  Walsiiighani,  Ins.  Life,  ii,  79,  1889. — Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U. 
S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1903,  No.  6291. 

"Antennse  closely  aDnulated  with  white  and  brown,  the  brown  annulations 
somewhat  wider  apart  toward  the  apex. 

"Palpi  silvery  white,  with  a  small  spot  on  the  outer  side.  Head,  face  silvery 
white;  frontal  tuft  saffron,  mixed  with  white.  Thorax  golden  saffron,  poste- 
rioily  whitish. 

"Forewings  golden  saffron,  shading  to  golden  brown,  no  basal  streak,  three 
costal  and  three  dorsal  snow-white  spots,  the  first  two  pairs  internally  dark  mar- 
gined ;  the  first  costal  spot  is  situated  at  about  one-third  the  length  of  the  wing,  its 
internal  dark  margin  ])assing  around  its  apex;  the  corresponding  dorsal  spot  com- 
mences nearer  the  base  of  the  wing  and  sometimes  reaches  obliquely  to,  or  near, 
the  point  of  the  costal  spot;  the  second  costal  spot  at  half  the  wing  length  is 
somewhat  oblique,  square  ended,  and  as  in  the  case  of  the  first  is  placed  some- 
what beyond  its  smaller  corresponding  dorsal  spot,  which  is  pointed  and  has 
some  dark  fuscous  scales  running  outwardly  from  its  apex  and  merging  in  the 
darkened  lower  margin  of  the  costal  spot  above  it ;  the  third  costal  spot  at  one- 
fourth  from  the  apex  is  somewhat  triangular  and  lies  also  farther  from  the  base 
than  the  corresponding  smaller  spot  on  the  dorsal  margin  ;  before  the  anal  angle 
between  these  spots,  lies  a  cloud  of  fuscous  scaling  serving  to  throw  up  and  make 
more  conspicuous  these  white  markings  on  the  golden  brown  ground  color  of  the 
wing;  inclosing  the  apex  of  the  wing  is  a  narrow,  outwardly  concave  white 
streak,  not  reaching  through  the  cilia  on  the  apical  but  only  on  the  costal  mar- 
gin ;  beyond  it  are  a  few  darkened  scales  and  sometimes  one  on  two  whitish  ones 
with  them;  cilia  pale,  golden  saffron,  tending  to  golden;  gray  about  the  anal 
angle.  The  only  conspicuous  markings  on  the  under  side  are  two  pale  spots  in 
the  costal  fringes,  corresponding  with  the  last  two  markings  on  the  upper  side. 

"  Hindwings  grayish,  with  golden  gray  cilia.  Abdomen  gray,  anal  tuft  slightly 
paler.  Hind  tarsi  grayish  white,  with  one  or  two  darker  bands  above.  Expanse 
10-11  mm." 

The  above  is  Lord  Walsingham's  description. 

Western  United  States  and  British  Columbia  (Rev.  George  W. 
Taylor).  The  mine,  on  the  upper  side  of  Gaidtheria  i<hallon,  is  a 
large,  somewhat  irregular  blotch,  occupying  about  halt"  the  leaf. 
When  mature,  the  leaf  i,s  slightly  folded  and  the  epidermis  lies  in 
two  fine  ridges  across  one  end  of  the  mine. 

Liithocolletis  iicmoris  Walsingham. 
Plate  XXIII,  Fig.  7. 
Lilhocolletis  nemoris  Walsingham,  Ins.  Life,  ii,  llfi,  1889. — Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S. 
Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6293. 
"Antennse  white,  spotted  above  with  fawn  brown.     Palpi  white,  face  while, 
frontal  tuft  whitish,  much  mixed  with  safl'ron  brown,  especially  at  the  sides 
Thorax  saffron. 


ANNETTE    F.    BRAUN.  325 

"  Forewings  rather  shining  saffron,  with  snow-white  markings  consisting  of 
two  transverse  fascia,  sliglitly  oblique,  and  angulated  beneath  the  costal  margin, 
beyond  which  are  one  dorsal  and  two  costal  streaks ;  there  is  no  basal  streak  ;  the 
first  fascia  at  one-fourth  the  wing  length  is  but  slightly  angulated,  margined 
with  scattered  blackish  scales,  widely  on  its  outer  and  very  indistinctly  on  its 
inner  side.  The  second  fascia  at  the  middle  of  the  wing  is  rather  more  strongly 
angulated  than  the  first;  this  is  also  slenderly  dark  margined  internally  and 
more  widely  so  externally  ;  the  black  dusting  on  its  outer  side  being  produced 
backwards  at  the  angle  in  the  direction  of  the  first  costal  streak  ;  this  is  at  the 
commencement  of  the  costal  cilia,  rather  further  from  the  base  than  the  first 
dorsal  streak,  which  is  oblique,  its  point  terminating  below  the  point  of  the  first 
costal  streak  ;  from  the  points  of  these  two  streaks  a  cloud  of  black  scales  pro- 
ceeds outwards  along  the  middle  of  the  wing,  forming  a  dark  patch  below,  and 
beyond  the  second  costal  streak  which  is  situated  just  before  the  apes  ;  the  cilia 
are  saflVou  shading  to  pale  grayish  saffron  beyond  their  faintly  darker  median 
line. 

"  Hindwings  and  cilia  pale  grayish,  with  a  very  faint  saffron  tinge.  Abdomen 
pale  gray,  anal  tuft  saffron  yellow.  Hind  tarsi  white,  with  two  grayish  fuscous 
bars  above.     Expanse  8  mm. 

"The  puckered  mines  of  this  species  were  found  in  some  abund- 
ance in  June,  1871,  in  Mendocino  County,  California,  on  tlie  upper 
sides  of  leaves  of  Vaccbiium  ovata,  the  mine  occupying  the  whole 
surface  of  each  leaf,  and  causing  the  margins  to  approach  each 
other." 

The  above  is  Lord  Walsingham's  description. 

Liithocolletis  carysefoliella  Clemens. 

Plate  XXIII.  Fig.  8. 

LifhocoUetis  caryxfolieUn  Clemens,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  323,  1859.— Tin. 

No.  Am.,  65,  74,  1872.— Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  iii,  109,  165,  1871.— Frey 

and  Boll.  Stett.  ent.  Zeit..  xxxix,  273,  1878.— Busck,  Proc.  Ent.  See. 

Wash.,  V,  189,  1903.— Dyar.  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6288. 
Syn.  jnglandiella  Clemens,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phil.,  i,  81,  1861.— Tin.  No.  Am.,  170, 

1872.— Chambers,   Can.  Ent.,   iii,   165,   1871;    xi.  91,   1879.— Packard, 

Guide  Stud.  Ins.,  353,  1869. 
''Antennie  silvery,  annulated  with  blackish.  Front  silvery.  Tuft  and  thorax 
reddish  orange.  Forewings  reddish  orange,  with  three  silvery  bands,  black 
margined  externally,  the  second  about  the  middle  of  the  wing,  angulated.  with 
the  black  margin  broad  and  produced  posteriorly  on  a  whitish  ground,  nearly  to 
the  third,  which  is  somewhat  interrupted  in  the  middle;  the  first  midway  be- 
tween the  second  and  the  base  of  the  wing  and  also  angulated  near  the  costa. 
The  apical  portion  of  the  wing  white,  covered  with  dispersed  black  scales,  with 
a  few  black  scales  on  a  whitish  ground,  on  tlie  costa,  between  the  last  silvery 
band  and  the  dusted  apical  portion;  with  two  hinder  marginal  lines,  one  the 
margin  of  the  apical  scales,  the  other  a  dark  brownish  line  in  the  cilia.  Hind- 
wings  pale  brownish  gray  ;  cilia  gray,  with  a  fulvous  hue." 

TEANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  OCTOBER,  1908. 


326  AMERICAN    MICRO- LEPIDOPTERA. 

This  species,  of  which  the  above  is  Clemens'  description,  is  the 
the  common  miner  on  the  upper  side  of  hickory  in  t^ie  eastern 
United  States.  The  mines  are  irregular  blotches  ;  often  two  or 
more  mines  are  confluent.  The  pupa  is  formed  under  an  oval 
silken  flat  cocoon.  The  mine  occasionally  occurs  on  leaves  of  wal- 
nut and  butternut. 

Imagoes  vary  greatly  in  the  distinctness  of  the  fasciae  and  the 
dark  dusting  ;  often  the  first  fascia  does  not  extend  to  the  costa. 
There  is  a  faintly  indicated  pale  basal  streak  from  the  inner  angle 
to  the  fold. 

Alar  expanse  6-7  mm. 

Liitliocolletis  lentella  sp.  nov. 
Plate  XXIII,  Fig.  9. 

Anteuuae  grayish,  broadly  annulate  with  dark  brown.  Face  and  palpi  whit- 
ish, sometimes  with  a  golden  tinge.  Tuft  reddish  saifron,  mixed  with  whitish 
scales  behind. 

Thorax  and  forewings  deep  reddish  saflFron.  A  narrow  white  line  on  each 
side  of  the  thorax  is  continuous  with  au  indistinct  curved  whitish  basal  streak 
at  the  inner  angle.  This  streak  is  sometimes  absent,  its  position  being  indicated 
by  the  few  black  scales  which  form  its  external  margin.  There  are  two  angu- 
lated  white  fascise,  the  first  at  about  the  basal  third,  the  second  at  the  middle  of 
wing  length,  both  strongly  margined  externally,  and  on  the  costa  internally 
with  black  scales.  The  first  of  these  fasciae  sometimes  consists  only  of  a  costal 
and  a  dorsal  streak,  not  connected,  but  of  which  the  black  dusting  is  continuous. 
At  the  apical  third  is  a  white  costal  spot,  margined  on  both  sides,  and  beneath 
with  black  scales.  Beginning  a  little  farther  from  the  base  is  a  long  oblique  dor- 
sal streak,  strongly  margined  behind  with  black  scales.  Opposite  its  apex  is  a 
small  white  costal  spot  overlaid  with  black  scales.  Apex  of  the  wing  densely 
dusted  witii  black  on  a  whitish  ground.  A  dark  brown  line  runs  through  the 
middle  of  the  cilia,  which  are  grayish  ocherous,  becoming  gray  toward  the  tor- 
nus.     Alar  expanse  6.5-7  mm. 

Hindwings  gray.  Cilia  gray,  with  an  ocherous  tinge.  Abdomen  dark  gray 
above,  pale  reddish  beneath.  Anal  tuft  reddish.  Hind  tibia'  reddish  toward 
their  apices,  tarsi  white,  annulate  with  black. 

Described  from  eleven  specimens;  five  bred  from  a  blotch  mine 

on  the  upperside  of  black  birch, 
Betnla  lenta  L.,  from  Caldwell, 
K  J.,  in  July,  1902,  by  Mr.  W. 
D.  Kearfbtt ;  two  bred  from  a 
\>v  .*  >  j/gS0^^  much   wrinkled   blotch    mine  on 

the  upperside  of  Odnja   Virgini- 

Miue  of  L.  Jeiiti-Jta.  rr         -i^  rA  ^       r\\    '•       • 

una,  Hamilton  County,  Uliio,  m 
June,  1908;  one  flown  s{)ecimen,  Caldwell,  N.  J.,  May  17th,  Mr. 


annettp:  f.  braun. 


32^ 


W.   D.  Kearfott,  and  three  in   the  National  JNIiiseuni,  collected  bv 
Mr.  August  Busck,  AVashington,  D.  C,  July,  1903. 

The  mine  on  Ostrya  is  very  characteristic  and  easily  distinguished 
from  that  of  any  other  species  of  the  flat  group  by  tlie  numerous 
longitudinal  folds  in  the  loosened  epidermis  at  maturity,  causing  the 
opposite  halves  of  the  leaf  to  approach  one  another. 

L.illiocolIetis  saceliarelia  Rraim. 
Plate  XXIII,  Fig.  10. 
Lilhocolletis  sacchdrella  Braun,  Eiit.  News,  six,  104,  1008. 

Antennse  pale  ocherons,  beyond  the  basal  third  annulate  with  dark;  several 
joints  toward  the  tip  dark.  Palpi  shining  white.  Face  shining  white.  Tuft 
whitish,  golden  toward  the  sides. 

Thorax  and  forewiugs  ocherous.  A  white  stripe  on  each  side  of  the  middle 
of  the  thorax  i.';  continuous  with  a  very  oblique  curved  white  streak  at  the 
inner  angle  of  the  forewing.  This  streak,  which  is  sometimes  dark  margined 
beliind,  extends  to  the  fold  and  is  usually  prolonged  along  the  fold  to  unite  with 
the  first  dorsal  streak.  The  first  dor.sal  streak  begins  at  the  basal  fifth,  is  oblique 
and  curved,  and  extends  slightly  more  than  halfway  across  the  wing.  The  .sec- 
ond dorsal  streak,  at  about  the  middle  of  the  dor.sal  n-.argin,  is  also  oblique  and 
curved,  and  near  the  costa  its  apex  meets  that  of  the  first  costal  streak,  which  is 
short,  oblique  and  placed  slightly  beyond  the  middle,  thus  forming  an  acutely 
angled,  interrupted  fascia.  The  second  costal  streak  at  the  apical  fourth  is  some- 
times almost  overlaid  with  l)lack  scales.  Above  the  dorsal  cilia  is  a  long  oblique 
white  streak.  All  the  streaks  are  dark  margined  externally.  Apical  portion 
white,  dusted  with  black.  There  is  considerable  variation  in  the  extent  of  the 
black  dusting,  which  sometimes  extends  to  the  tornus.  Marginal  line  in  the 
cilia  brownish  ocherous.     Cilia  pale  ocherous.     Alar  expanse  5-7  mm. 

Hindwings  pale  grayish  ocherous.  Cilia  pale  ocherous.  Abdomen  gray  above, 
pale  ocherous  below.  Anal  tuft  ocherous.  Legs  whitish.  Hind  tarsi  faintly 
tipped  with  black. 

Described  from  specimens  bred  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio.  I  also  have 
specimens  taken  in  Essex  Co.  Park,  N.  J.,  by  Mr.  W.  D.  Kearfott. 

The  mines  of  this  species  are  very  com- 
mon on  sugar  maple.*,  Acei-  saccharum 
Marsh,  and  Acer  nigrum  Michx.,  as 
many  as  25  or  30  mines  sometimes  occur- 
ring on  one  leaf.  The  mine  is  a  small 
irregular  blotch  on  the  upper  side.  The 
pupa  is  not  enclosed  in  a  cocoon.  The 
imagoes  appear  from  May  to  June  and 
again  in  Au<rust. 
Mr.  Chambers  (Can.  Ent.,  iii,  130,  1871)  confused  this  species 
with  L.  aceriella  Clem.,  which  it  in  no  way  resembles. 


Mine  of  /,.  saccharella. 


TEANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV. 


OCTOBKK,   190s 


328  AMEPaCAN    MICRO- I.EPIDOPTERA. 

Liilliocolletis  macrocarpella  Frey  and  Boll. 
(Plate  XXIII,  Fig.  11.) 
LithocoUetis  macrocarpella  Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxix,  261,  1878. — 
Walsingham,  Ins.  Life,  ii,  78,  1889.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus., 
1902,  No.  6289. 

Face,  palpi  and  underside  of  the  antennae  white,  antennse  above  annulate  with 
brown  ;  tuft  white,  mixed  with  brown  and  saflFron  scales. 

Thorax  brownish  saffron,  with  its  apex  and  two  longitudinal  stripes  white. 
Sometimes  almost  the  entire  thorax  is  white.  Forewings  brownish  saffron,  very 
feebly  shining.  A  broad  curved  basal  streak  from  the  inner  margin  to  the  fold 
is  densely  dusted  behind  with  blackish  scales.  Two  white  fascise  angulated  near 
the  costa,  one  at  the  basal  third,  the  other  at  the  middle  of  the  wing  length  ;  the 
dorsal  arm  of  each  slightly  curved.  Each  fascia  is  internally  margined  by  a  few 
black  scales  near  the  costal  and  the  dorsal  margins.  On  the  outer  side  the  costal 
arm  of  each  has  a  few  black  scales  near  the  costa;  the  dorsal  arm  is  densely 
dusted  with  blackish  scales,  which  are  produced  backward  at  the  angle.  A 
white  costal  streak  at  two-thirds  is  dusted  with  blackish  scales.  Opposite  it  is 
an  oblique  curved  dorsal  streak,  dusted  behind  with  blackish  scales,  running 
into  the  dusted  apical  portion.  Before  the  apex  is  a  white  costal  streak  with  a 
few  black  scales  before  it  on  the  costa.  Apical  part  of  the  wing  dusted  with 
black  on  a  white  ground.  Hinder  marginal  line  in  the  cilia  brownish,  with  a 
few  blackish  scales  intermixed.  Cilia  around  the  apex  of  the  wing  color,  gray- 
ish toward  the  tornus.  In  the  cilia,  extending  outwards  from  the  apex,  is  a 
small  pencil  of  dark  brown  scales.     Expanse  8.5-9  mm. 

Hindwings  brownish  gray,  with  somewhat  lighter  cilia.  Abdomen  in  the 
male  dark  gray,  in  the  female  lighter,  somewhat  ocherous.  Anal  tuft  ocherous 
brown.     Legs  and  tarsi  whitish,  spotted  with  dark  brown. 

This  species  was  originally  described  by  Frey  and  Boll  from 
specimens  from  mines  on  the  upperside  of  leaves  of  Quercus  macro- 
carpa  Michx.  in  Texas.  I  have  a  series  of  specimens  bred  by  Mr. 
W.  D.  Kearfott  from  blotch  mines  on  the  npperside  of  leaves  of 
chestnut,  Montclair,  N.  J.  The  density  of  the  black  dusting  varies 
somewhat,  and  in  one  specimen  the  basal  streak  is  confluent  with 
the  dorsal  arm  of  the  first  fascia. 

Very  close  to  L.  cincinnatiella  Chambers,  but  distinguished  from 
it  by  the  larger  size,  darker  and  less  shining  ground  color  of  the 
forewings ;  the  more  oblique  and  slightly  curved  dorsal  streaks ;  and 
the  tuft  of  dark  brown  scales  in  the  a{)ical  cilia,  which  is  wanting  in 
cincinnatiella. 

The  mine  o'i  macrocarpella  also  differs  from  that  o^  cincinnatiella, 
being  of  the  usual  upperside  blotch  type  and  containing  but  a  single 
larva. 


ANNETTE    F.    BRAUN.  329 

Liithocolletis  cinciiinatiella  Chambers. 
Plate  XXIII.  Fig.  12. 
Lithocolletis  cincinnatiella  Clianibeis,  Can.  Eiit.,  iii,  146,  149,  1871. — Ciii.  Quart. 
Jn.  Sci.,  i,  203,  1874.— Bull.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  iii,  141,  1877.— Walsing- 
ham,  Ins.  Life,  ii,  78,  1889.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No. 
G287. 
"Face,  i)alpi,  under  surface  and  leg.s  silvery  wbite,  the  legs  marked  on  their 
anterior  surface  with  golden  and  brownish  spots  and  bands:  tuft  white,  golden 
at  the  side.s;  antennse  silvery  white  beneath,  above  golden  brown,  faintly  annu- 
late with  whitish  ;  thorax  and  anterior  wings  bright  golden  ;  upon  the  wings  is 
a  short  snow-white  median  basal  streak  strongly  dark  margined  behind  and 
within.  (Sometimes  tlie  anterior  margin  and  sides  of  the  thorx  are  also  white.) 
Two  snow-white  fascise,  one  at  about  the  ba.sal  one-fourth,  the  other  about  the 
middle,  both  strongly  dark  margined  behind,  and  sometimes  slightly  so  inte- 
riorly; and  both  strongly  angulated  posteriorly  near  the  costa ;  with  the  first 
sometimes  slightly  interrupted  at  the  angle,  and  the  dark  margin  of  the  second 
posteriorly  produced.  A  long  oblique  snow-white  dorsal  streak  at  the  base  of 
the  dorsal  cilia  posteriorly  dark  margined,  and  a  smaller  costal  one  a  little  behind 
it  at  the  base  of  the  costal  cilia,  similarly  dark  margined.  This  dorsal  streak  is 
sometimes  posteriorly  produced,  and  confluent  with  a  straight  dorso-apical 
streak,  which  is  faintly  dark  margined  behind,  but  is  sometimes  entirely  want- 
ing. When  present  it  forms  the  interior  border  to  the  apical  dusting.  Some- 
times the  costal  streak  is  produced  so  as  to  be  confluent  with  it  also,  and  opposite 
to  it  there  is  sometimes  a  costo-apical  white  spot  which  is  separated  from  it  by 
the  apical  dusting,  which  extends  thence  to  the  apex  and  is  black  upon  a  white 
ground.  Hinder  marginal  line  in  the  cilia  dark  brown.  Cilia  golden.  Alar 
expanse  one-fourth  to  one-third  inch." 

The  species,  of  which  the  above  is  the  original  description,  is 
common  iu  the  eastern  United  States. 

The  larvae  form  large  blotch  mines  on  the  upper  surface  of  leaves 
of  white  oak,  Querciis  alba  L.  One  mine  will  often  contain  from 
several  to  a  dozen  larvie.  The  loosened  epidermis  is  brownish  yel- 
low, somewhat  puckered,  and  often  covering  nearly  the  entire  leaf. 

I..itIiocolleti»«   Iiaiiiadryadella  Clemens. 
Plate  XXIII.  Fig.  13. 
Lithocolletis  hamadryadella  Clemens,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  324,  1859 — Tin. 
No.  Am.,  65,  77,  1872.— Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  iii,  55,  164,  182,  1871.— 
Cin,  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  i,  201, 1875 ;  ii,  104. 1875.— Fiey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent. 
Zeit.,  xxxix,  262,  1878.— Busck,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  v,  190,  1903.— 
hamadryella  Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902.  No.  6334. 
Syn.  alteruatella   Zeller,  Verb,  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wien.,   xxv.   351,   1875. — alteniatn 
Chambers,  Bull.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  iv,  153,  1878. 
AntennsB  white,  with  dark  annulations;  face  and  tuft  white,  the  latter  mixed 
with  gray.     Thorax  white,  sometimes  sparsely  sprinkled  with  gray.     Forewings 
white,  with  two  angulated,  shining,  ocherous  fasciae;  the  first  just  before  the 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  soc. ,  XXXIV.  (42)  OCTOBER,    1906. 


330  AMERICAN    MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. 

basal  thirri  and  margined  inteiually  with  dispersed  blackish  scales,  sometimes 
interrupting  it  in  the  middle;  the  second  just  behind  the  middle  and  margined 
internally  with  dispersed  scales  which  are  produced  in  the  middle,  dividing  it 
into  two  parts.  In  the  space  between  the  fasciae  are  a  few  scattered  ocherous 
scales  and  an  irregular  line  of  blackish  scales  through  the  middle.  Near  the 
apex  is  a  costal  and  a  dorsal  ocherous  patch,  sometimes  meeting,  with  the  space 
between  them  and  the  second  fascia  more  or  less  marked  with  a  line  of  irregular 
dusting,  and  separated  from  each  other  by  a  more  or  less  dense  cloud  of  dusting, 
sometimes  connected  with  the  produced  margining  of  the  second  fascia.  Apical 
portion  white,  mixed  with  ocherous,  and  densely  dusted  with  black  scales  con- 
nected with  the  line  separating  the  costal  and  dorsal  ocherous  patches.  Ba.«al 
third  of  the  wing  more  or  less  dusted  with  black  and  marked  with  ocherous;  a 
small  patch  of  black  scales  on  the  costa  near  the  base,  followed  by  a  black  dust- 
ing sometimes  arranged  into  two  irregular  bands  upon  an  ocherous  ground,  of 
which  the  more  basal  one  is  the  broader.  Hinder  marginal  line  of  blackish 
scales.  Cilia  tinged  with  saffron.  Expanse  6.5-8.5  mm.,  the  usual  size  about 
8  mm. 

Hindwings  and  cilia  gray,  the  latter  tinged  with  fulvous.  Abdomen  gray, 
with  ocherous  anal  tuft.     Legs  white,  tibije  and  tarsi  spotted  with  black. 

Very  common  throughout  the  Atlantic  States.  The  larva,  which 
is  of  the  flat  type,  forms  an  irregular  whitish  blotcli  mine  on  the 
upperside  of  oak,  most  commonly  upon  Qucrcus  alba  L.  While 
the  species  is  usually  confined  to  oak  as  the  food  plant,  I  have  speci- 
mens bred  from  Magnolia  (District  of  Columbia)  and  Ostrya  Vir- 
fjiniana  (Cincinnati),  which  cannot  be  separated  from  those  on  oak, 

liitliocollelis  uinbelliilarije  Walsingham. 
Plate  XXIII,  Fig.  14. 
Lithocolletis  umbelUdarix  Walsingham,  Ins.  Life,  ii,  78,  1889. — Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U. 
S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6290. 

"Antennae  white,  evenly  dotted  with  brown  along  their  upper  sides,  the  five 
brown  spots  towards  the  apex  being  larger  and  more  widely  separated  than  the 
others.  Palpi  shining  white.  Face  shining  white,  frontal  tuft  yellowisli  in  the 
middle,  saffron  brown  at  the  sides.     Thorax  golden  saffron,  whitish  behind. 

"  Forewings  golden  saffron,  somewhat  shining,  a  short  white  patch  at  the  base 
of  the  dorsal  margin  reaches  to  the  fold  and  is  exteriorly  daik  margined,  the 
dark  margin  of  a  somewhat  similar  white  spot  on  the  costal  portion  of  the  wing, 
also  reaches  to  the  opposite  side  of  the  fold  a  little  beyond  it;  at  one-fourth  the 
wing  length  is  a  waved  white  fascia  running  nearly  straight  from  the  dorsal 
margin  to  the  fold,  and  bulging  outwards  beneath  the  costa;  this  is  distinctly 
dark  margined  externally  throughout  and  briefly  so  internally;  immediately 
adjoining  the  costal  margin  at  half  the  wing  length  is  a  broad,  very  oblique, 
white  costal  streak  dark  margined  on  both  sides  and  freely  dusted  with  blackish 
scales  around  the  apex;  the  black  dusting  is  continued  along  the  outer  side  of 
an  opposite  less  oblique  dorsal  streak,  the  apex  of  which  reaches  as  far  as  the 
edge  of  the  costal  streak  above  it;  at  three-fourths  the  wing  length  is  a  white 
costal  spot  slightly  margined  with  blackish  atoms,  and  opposite  to  this  is  another 


ANNETTE    F.     BRAUN.  331 

white  dorsal  streak,  very  oblique,  externally  niartriiied  at  the  apex  with  dusky 
atoms,  wliich  are  continued  so  as  to  form  a  large  patch  of  hlackisli  dustin};,  at 
the  apex  of  the  wing,  on  the  upper  side  of  which  patch  lies  a  sickle-shaped  white 
costal  streak,  concave  towaids  the  costal  margin  ;  cilia  pale  saffron,  with  a  brown 
line  running  through  the  middle  and  reacliing  around  the  apex  nearly  to  the 
anal  angle,  where  they  become  paler,  inclining  to  grayish. 

"Hindwings  and  cilia  pale  grayish.  Abdomen  dark  gray  above,  grayish  white 
beneath;  anal  tuft  yellowish.  Hind  tibise  white,  with  two  broadish  black  bars 
across  their  upper  sides,  and  a  small  black  terminal  spot.     Expanse  9  mm. 

"Mendocino  County,  Cal.,  found  and  bred  in  tiie  niontii  of  June, 
1871.  Tiiree  .specimens,  from  large  diffused  blister-like  mines  on 
the  upperside  of  leaves  of  UmbeUularla  calij'ornica  Nuttal  ;  the  pupa 
being  inclosed  in  a  semi-transparent  flat  oval  silken  wel),  within  tlu; 
mine,  like  that  of  einciiDiatiella  Chamb.,  to  which  species  it  is  some- 
what allied.  Its  nearest  all}'  in  America  is  probably  macrocarpeUa 
Frey  and  Boll,  but  it  differs  in  the  pos.session  of  a  dark  margined 
costa  basal  spot  and  in  the  comparatively  straight  first  fascia." 
These  characters  also  serve  to  separate  it  from  cincinnatieUu  Chand)." 

The  above  is  Lord  Walsingham's  description. 

Lilliocollctis  agi'if'oliella  Braun. 
Plate  XXIII,  I'^ig.  15. 
Lithocolleti.i  a<jrifoliella  Braun,  Ent.  Xews,  xix,  105,  1908. 

Antennfe  pale  ocherous,  spotted  with  brown  above,  the  last  five  spots  more 
widely  separated.  Palpi  yellowish  white,  dark  brown  externally.  Face  yellow- 
ish white.  Tuft  yellowish  in  the  middle,  brown  at  the  sides.  Thorax  rcddi.'^h 
ocherous,  with  a  few  dark  scales  on  the  jiatagia. 

Forewings  reddish  ocherous,  somewhat  shining.  At  the  basal  fourth  is  a  per- 
pendicular white  dorsal  streak  dark  margined  externally,  and  reaching  to  the 
fold.  A  little  farther  back  is  a  nearly  perpendicularly  placed  white  costal  streak, 
convex  outwardly  beneath  the  costa  and  also  attaining  the  fold  slightly  beyond 
the  dorsal  streak  ;  it  is  strongly  dark  margined  externally  ;  its  short  internal 
straight  dark  margin  is  opposite  the  external  dark  margin  of  the  first  dorsal 
streak.  Near  the  base  the  costal  portion  of  the  wing  is  of  a  smoky  hue.  IMaced 
diagonally  across  the  wing  toward  the  base  on  a  line  with  the  internal  edging  of 
the  first  costal  streak  are  two  black  transverse  spots,  the  first  just  above  the  fold, 
and  the  second  nearer  the  base  just  below  the  fold  ;  sometimes  with  a  few  whit- 
ish scales  internally.  At  about  the  middle  of  the  wing  length  is  a  broad  oblique 
costal  streak,  internally  dark  margined  near  the  costa,  and  its  external  dark 
dusting  continued  as  the  external  dusting  of  a  much  narrower  dorsal  streak, 
whose  apex  just  meets  that  of  the  costal.  At  the  angle  the  dusting  is  very  dense 
on  a  white  ground  and  is  continued  backward  as  a  broad  band,  nearly  one-half 
the  breadth  of  the  wing,  to  a  point  between  the  third  costal  and  dor.-,al  streaks. 
The  third  costal  streak,  which  is  sometimes  a  spot,  not  touching  the  costa,  is 
inwardly  oblique,  and  externally  dark  margined.     Opposite  it  is  a  long  oblique 

TRANS.  AM.  KNT.  80C..  XXXIV.  OCTOUKK,    1908. 


332  AMERICAN    MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. 

dorsal  streak,  whose  external  dark  margin  is  continued  into  the  dusted  apex, 
and  which  usually  unites  with  a  sickle-shaped  costal  streak  lying  above  the 
dusted  apex,  and  concave  toward  the  costa.  The  dark  margin  of  the  third  costal 
streak  is  sometimes  continued  along  the  costa  to  this  last  streak.  Cilia  ocherous, 
with  a  dark  brown  hinder  marginal  line  through  their  middle.  Alar  expanse 
7.5-9  mm. 

Hindwings  gray,  with  a  bluish  metallic  lustre.  Cilia  fulvous.  Abdomen  dark 
bluish  metallic  above  in  the  male,  pale  yellowish  beneath,  with  a  median  line 
and  diagonal  marks  on  each  segment  dark.  In  the  female  with  the  last  tM'O  or 
three  segments  and  tuft  ocherous,  pale  ocherous  beneath  and  marked  as  in  the 
male.  Legs  whitish,  the  first  two  pair  annulate  with  black;  hind  tibise  shaded 
with  ocherous  and  black  scales,  tarsi  tipped  with  black. 

Mills  College,  Alameda  County,  California. 

Described  from  specimens  bred  from  leaves  of  Quercus  agrifolia 
Nee.  received  from  Mr.  G.  R.  Pilate.  The  mine  is  a  whitish,  some- 
what irregular  blotch  on  the  upperside  of  the  leaf.  The  pupa  is 
formed  under  a  flat  nearly  circular  semi-transparent  web,  the  upper 
epidermis,  as  is  usual,  being  thrown  into  a  longitudinal  fold. 

This  species  is  very  near  to  umbelhdariw  Wlsm.  The  most 
marked  difference  is  the  absence  of  the  costal  and  dorsal  basal  white 
patches  characteristic  of  that  species. 

LithocoIletiM  coiiglonieratella  Zeller. 
Plate  XXIII,  Fig.  16. 

LitJiocoUetis  conglomeratella  Zeller,  Verb,  zool.-bot.  Ges.  Wieu.,  xxv,  346,  1875. — 
Walsingham,  Ins.  Life,  ii.  24,  1889.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.. 
1902,  No.  6295. 

Syn.  bicolorella  Chambers,  Bull.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  iv,  103,  1878. — ohtusilohx  Frey 
and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit..  xxxix,  265,  1878. 

Thorax  saffron  yellow;  head  lighter,  with  whitisli  face  and  paljii.  Antenna- 
closely  annulate  with  brown,  annulations  obsolete  toward  the  base.  Fore  and 
middle  tarsi  white,  spotted  with  black  ;  hind  tarsi  pure  white.  Of  the  size  of  an 
average  quercifoUella.  Forewings  dull  satfron  yellow.  On  the  costa  there  are 
two  very  short  oblique  streaks  and  a  dot,  at  one-third,  one-half  and  two-thirds 
the  wing  length,  all  three  of  a  lustreless  white  color.  The  two  former  are  exter- 
nally blackish  margined,  the  second  being  the  longer  and  dusted  around  its  apex 
with  black  scales.  A  narrow  white  line  esrends  along  the  dorsal  margin,  becom- 
ing less  distinct  opposite  the  first  costal  streak,  beyond  which  it  is  almost  obso- 
lete, until  it  reaches  a  place  between  the  second  costal  streak  and  the  costal  spot, 
where  it  is  broadened  and  deflexed,and  extendsas  the  inner  margin  of  the  black 
apical  dusting,  nearly  to  the  apex  of  the  wing  in  an  outwardly  convex  line  be- 
coming narrower.  iSfuch  is  the  case  in  but  one  specimen  ;  in  the  second  it  stops 
entirely  after  the  broadening,  which  makes  a  short  streak,  and  as  an  indiciition 
of  its  continuation,  there  is  an  indistinct  dot  above  the  dusting,  somewhat  behind 
the  costal  streak.      Toward  the  dorsal  cilia  and  partly  on  them  is  a  broad  trans- 


ANNETTE    F.    BRAUN.  333 

verse  streak,  made  U[)  of  a  cloud  of  black  dusting,  narrowly  separated  from  the 
dusting  of  the  second  costal  streak.  Cilia  yellowish  gray,  yellowish  around  the 
dusted  portion,  and  without  lustre. 

Hindwings  gray,  their  cilia  lighter.  Xone  of  the  markings  reappear  upon  the 
underside  of  the  forewings. 

In  addition  to  the  above  description,  Zeller  has  noted  another 
form  of  this  variable  species,  in  which  the  dusting,  especially  that 
in  the  apical  portion,  is  much  less  dense. 

Very  widely  distributed,  occurring  from  New  Jersey  to  Ohio, 
southward  and  westward  to  Texas  and  California. 

The  larvse  form  blotch  mines  on  the  upper  side  of  leaves  of  vari- 
ous species  of  oak.  The  pupa  is  formed  under  a  fiat,  nearly  circu- 
lar silken  cocoon.  I  have  a  series  bred  from  live  oak,  Qiiercus  Vir- 
yiniana  Mill,  from  Fortress  Monroe,  Va.,  showing  all  intergrades 
between  specimens  having  the  deflexed  dorso-basal  streak  extending 
unbroken  nearly  to  the  costa,  and  those  in  which  it  is  nearly  over- 
laid with  black  dusting.  The  figure  represents  a  specimen  of  the 
former  variety.  There  is  a  median  white  streak  on  the  thorax  not 
mentioned  in  the  description.  The  ciiaracter  "hind  tarsi  pure 
white"  is  by  no  means  constant  or  reliable,  as  several  specimens 
have  the  first  tarsal  joint  very  distinctly  tipped  with  black. 

A  series  in  the  National  Museum,  bred  by  Mr.  Busck  on  live  oak 
from  Willis,  Texas,  is  darker,  more  densely  dusted,  and  has  thei 
antennal  joints  very  distinctly  annulate  all  the  way  to  the  base. 

Alar  expanse  7.5-9  mm. 

L.itliocolletis  nlmella  Chambers. 
Plate  XXIII,  Fig.  17. 
LithocoUetis  ulmella  Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  iii,  148,  1871. — Cin.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  i, 
202,  1874;  ii,  101,  1875.— Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit,  xxxiv,  214. 
1873.— Walsingham,  Ins.  Life,  ii,  24,  1889.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat. 
Mus.,  1902,  No.  6294. 
Syu.  modesta  Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xsxvii.  224,  1876;  xxxix.  274,  1878.. 

"Face  and  palpi  silvery  white,  tuft  white,  intermixed  with  golden.  Antennae 
silvery  white,  the  apical  two-thirds  annulate  with  brownish.  Legs  and  under 
surface  silvery  white.  Anterior  wings  bright  golden,  inclining  to  orange,  with  a 
white  streak  along  the  dorsal  margin  from  the  base  to  the  cilia,  wliere  it  is  de- 
flexed  and  passes  on  to  the  dusted  portion  of  the  apex  which  is  near  the  posterior 
margin,  and  is  dark  brown  on  a  white  ground.  There  are  three  small  costal  sil- 
very streaks,  the  first  and  second  being  near  the  middle  of  the  costal  margin, 
and  the  second  one  the  largest,  while  the  third  is  small  and  near  the  apex. 
There  is  some  variation  in  the  size  of  the  third  costal  streak  and  in  the  extent  of 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  OCTOBPJR.  1908. 


334  AMKPaCAN    MICRO-I.EPIDOPTERA. 

the  apical  dustiiifr,  and  sometimes  the  costal  streaks  are  faiutly  dark  maigined. 
The  abdomen  and  legs  are  very  pale  golden  varied  with  white.  Alai-  expanse 
one-fourth  to  nearly  one-third  inch." 

The  larvie  form  irregular  blotch  niiiies  on  the  upper  side  of  leaves 
of  elms,  Uhrnis  fulva  M\chx.  and  Uhnus  Americana  \j.  The  pupa 
of  the  summer  brood  is  formed  under  a  flat  silken  cocoon.  A  later 
hibernating  brood  changes  from  the  usual  green  color  to  a  pale  yel- 
low color,  and  passes  the  winter  in  silk  lined  chambers. 

The  expanse  of  the  imago  does  not  vary  as  greatly  as  would 
appear  from  Mr.  Chambers'  measurements,  being  6.5-7  mm.  The 
original  description,  printed  above,  is  accurate  in  all  other  details, 
except  that  the  second  costal  streak  is  often  more  than  "  faiutly 
dark  margined  "  behind. 

Although  resembling  L.  conglomeratella  Zell.  very  closely,  it  may 
be  distinguished  from  it  by  the  uniformly  smaller  size,  paler  ground 
color  of  the  wings,  slightly  more  oblique  position  of  the  costal 
streaks,  the  absence  of  the  tuft  of  scales  in  the  apical  cilia  and 
especially  by  the  antennse.  In  ulmella  the  apical  two  thirds  only 
are  annulate  with  brown,  while  in  conglomeratella  the  annulations 
are  always  present  for  the  whole  length,  although  sometimes  indis- 
tinct toward  the  base. 

liithocolletis  quercivorella  Chambers. 
Plate  XXIII,  Fig.  18. 
Lithocollefis  quercivorella  Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  xi,  145,  1879. — Walsiugham,  Ins. 
Life,  ii,  24,  1889.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6296. 

Face,  palpi,  tuft  and  antennae  silvery  white;  sides  of  the  tuft  reddish  orange  ; 
each  joint  of  the  autennse  spotted  above  with  dark  brown,  the  spots  bt  coming 
small  and  indistinct  toward  the  base.  Thorax  and  forewings  golden  ;  a  median 
white  streak  on  the  thorax  is  continuous  with  a  dorso-basal  wliite  streak  on  the 
forewiug,  which  extends  slightly  beyond  the  middle  of  the  dorsal  maigin.  lis 
end  is  usually  bordered  with  two  or  three  fuscous  scales.  There  are  three  costal 
white  streaks,  of  which  the  first  two  are  oblique.  The  first  at  one-third  is  dark 
margined  behind  and  sometimes  on  the  costa  before  ;  the  second  at  the  middle 
of  the  wing  length  is  dark  margined  behind  and  around  the  tip,  and  the  dark 
scales  are  produced  backward  for  a  short  distance.  The  third  is  a  spot  before 
the  cilia  dark  margined  ou  both  sides.  Opposite  this  is  an  oblique  dorsal  streak 
densely  margined  with  blackish  scales  behind,  the  dark  margin  passing  into  the 
dusted  apical  part  of  the  wing.  Cilia  silvery  ocherous;  hinder  marginal  line 
dark  brown.     Expanse  6.5-7  mm. 

Hindwings  silvery  ocherous,  cilia  concolorous.  Abdomen  pale  yellow.  Legs 
whitish,  shaded  with  ocherous.  In  the  original  description  Mr.  Chambers  .says 
"tarsi  annulate  with  black."  The  fore  and  middle  tarsi  are  always  annulate 
with  black,  but  more  often  the  hind  tarsi  are  silvery  white. 


ANNETTK    F.    BRAUN.  335 

The  species  occurs  probably  throughout  the  entire  eastern  half  of 
the  Uuited  States  upon  various  species  of  oak.  The  mine  is  a  flat 
blotch  upon  the  upperside  of  the  leaf,  similar  to  that  of />.  conglom- 
eratella  Zell. 

Quercivorella  is  closely  related  to  ulmella  and  conglo7neratel/a  but 
may  be  distinguished  from  both  by  the  fact  that  the  dorso  basal 
white  streak  extends  only  a  short  distance  beyond  the  middle.  The 
dorsal  margin  is  of  the  ground  color  from  here  to  the  oblique  streak, 
which  occupies  tlie  same  position  as  the  deflexed  portion  of  the 
dorso-basal  streak  in  conglomeratella  and  ulmella. 

I^ithocolietis  iiie<liofIor»»ella  sp.  nov. 
Plate  XXIII,  Fig.  19. 

Aiiteniife  whitish,  spotted  above  with  brown.  Face  and  palpi  white.  Tuft 
whitish,  ocherous  toward  the  sides. 

Thorax  and  forewings  reddish  ocherous.  At  the  basal  third  is  an  oblique 
white  costal  streak,  black  margined  externally.  A  broad  wliite  stripe  through 
the  middle  of  the  thorax  is  continuous  with  a  dorso-basal  white  stripe  extending 
to  beyond  the  middle  of  the  dorsal  margin.  From  its  end  a  white  dorsal  streak 
extends  obliquely  upward  uniting  in  the  middle  of  the  wing  with  a  similar  cos- 
tal streak  to  form  a  somewhat  interrupted  augulated  fascia  of  which  the  external 
dark  dusting  at  the  angle  is  produced  backwards  on  a  white  ground  for  a  short 
distance.  At  the  apical  third  is  a  white  costal  spot,  with  a  few  dark  scales  exter- 
nally, and  opposite  it  is  a  long,  oblique  dorsal  streak,  dark  margined  externally 
and  uniting  with  a  curved  streak,  concave  toward  the  costa,  which  often  extends 
through  the  cilia,  aiid  forms  the  internal  border  to  the  dusting  of  the  apex, 
which  is  black  upon  a  white  ground.  Cilia  ocherous,  becoming  gray  toward  the 
tornus,  with  a  dark  ocherous  line  through  their  middle.     Expanse  7-8.5  mm. 

Hindwings  and  cilia  grayish  ocherous.  Abdomen  grayish  ocherous,  with  pale 
anal  tuft.  Legs  whitish,  shaded  with  brown;  hind  tarsi  very  faintly  tipped 
with  black. 

Type.— No.  12006,  U.  S.  N.  M. 

Sonoma  County,  California.  Described  from  two  specimens,  one 
bred  on  oak  by  Mr.  A.  Koebele,  the  other  collected  by  Lord  Wals- 
ingham.  May  22-23,  1871. 

Closely  related  to  quercivorella  Cham.,  from  which  it  diHers,  how- 
ever, by  the  presence  of  the  oblique  dorsal  streak  at  the  end  of  the 
dorso-basal  streak.     It  is  also  of  somewliat  greater  expanse. 

L.ithocolletis  aiistralisella  Chambers. 
Plate  XXIII,  Fig.  20. 
IJthocolletis  australisella  Chambers,  Bull.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  iv.  103,  1878. — Dyar, 
Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.  1902,  No.  6297. 

TRANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  OCTOBEK,  190S. 


336  AMERICAN    MICRO- I.EPIDOPTERA. 

"  No  basal  streak  nor  apical  spot  on  the  forewings,  which  gre  pale  golden  (about 
the  color  of  L.  argentinotella  Clem.).  There  is  no  distinct  hinder  marginal  line 
in  the  pale  yellow  cilia.  The  marks  on  the  wings  are:  first,  a  small,  white,  dor- 
sal streak  ;  then  an  oblique,  white  costal  streak  about  the  basal  third  of  the  wing 
length;  a  silvery  white  fascia  about  the  middle,  which  is  posteriorly  angulated 
nearer  to  the  costal  than  to  the  dorsal  margin  ;  a  small,  silvery  white  costal  spot, 
immediately  before  the  cilia,  and  a  longer  dorsal  one  opposite  to  it,  extending 
obliquely  backward  ;  all  of  these  marks  are  posteriorly  dark  margined,  the  dark 
margin  of  the  last  costal  and  dorsal  streaks  almost  meeting  in  the  apical  part  of 
the  wing;  apex  dusted  with  dark  brown  on  a  white  ground.  Thorax  pale  golden, 
with  a  white  streak  from  its  anterior  margin  to  the  apex.  Head,  tuft,  palpi  and 
antennge  silvery  white,  each  joint  of  the  antennae  dotted  above  with  brown,  and 
the  basal  joint  pale  golden  above.  Under  surface  of  body,  wings,  and  legs  pale 
luteous,  the  legs  stained  with  brownish  on  their  anterior  surfaces.  Alar  expan- 
sion three  lines  and  one-half.     Bosque  County,  Texas." 

The  above  is  Chambers'  original  description  of  the  species. 

liithocolletis  chanibersella  Walsingham. 

Plate  XXIII,  Fig.  21. 

LithocoUetift  chambersella  Walsingham,  Ins.  Life,  ii,  78,  1889. — Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S. 

Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6300. 
Syn.  qninquenotella  Chambers  (not  Frey),  Jn.  Cin.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  ii,  189,  1880. 

"  Face,  palpi  and  antennae  silvery  white,  the  antennse  faintly  stained  with  fus- 
cous. Vertex,  thorax  and  forewings  yellowish  saflFron  (less  golden  than  argeuii- 
notella  Clem.).  Forewings  with  four  silvery  costal  streaks,  the  first  two  oblique, 
and  the  others  perpendicular  to  the  margin,  and  the  last  passing  into  the  white 
ground  color  of  the  apex,  which  is  densely  dusted  with  fuscous;  none  of  the  cos- 
tal streaks  are  dark  margined.  Oi)posite  to  the  apex  of  the  first  costal  streak 
begins  a  long,  oblique  dorsal  streak,  which,  behind  the  middle  of  the  wing  length, 
becomes  confluent  with  the  second  costal  streak,  and  is  strongly  dark  margined 
behind.  There  is  no  basal  streak,  apical  spot,  or  hinder  marginal  line.  Legs 
silvery  white;  but  the  first  pair  of  tarsi  are  marked  on  their  anterior  surfaces 
with  fuscous  spots.  Abdomen  silvery  white,  stained  with  pale  lead  color  be- 
neath.    Alar  expanse  a  little  over  one-fourth  inch.     Texas." 

The  above  is  Mr.  Chambers'  description. 

Liitliocolletis  cerviua  Walsingham. 
Plate  XXIII,  Fig.  22. 
LithocoUetis  cervina  Walsingham,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  xxxiii.  221,  1907. 

"Antennae  whitish.     Palpi  white.    Head  pale  rust-brown  ;  face  white. 

"Forewings  whitish  fawn,  with  very  indistinct  whitish  costal  streaklets;  the 
first,  before  the  middle,  oblique,  outwardly  margined  with  rust  brown  ;  the  sec- 
ond, at  about  the  middle,  also  outwardly  margined  with  rust-brown,  runs 
obliquely  outwai'd  and  is  angulated  on  the  cell,  returning  to  the  middle  of  the 
dorsum,  its  lower  half  longer  and  more  oblique  than  its  upper;  the  third  costal 
streak  in  triangular,  not  oblique,  also  outwardly  margined  with  rust-brown, 
which  is  continued  across  the  wing  to  the  tornus,  where  there  is  also  a  faint 
indication  of  a  whitish  spot ;  there  is  no  basal  streak,  and,  except  for  a  slightly 
paler  space  before  the  line  of  dark  scales  on  the  middle  of  the  dorsum,  no  defined 


ANNETTE    F.    BRAUN.  337 

dorsal  streak  ;  the  space  between  the  streaks  and  about  tlie  apical  portion  of  the 
wing  is  slightly  shaded  with  rust-brown,  and  the  apex  is  profusely  sprinkled 
with  blackish  scales  mixed  with  some  white  ones ;  a  slender  blackish  line  runs 
around  the  extreme  apex  at  the  base  of  the  pale  cilia,  which  have  a  pale  rust- 
brown  line  running  through  their  middle.     Alar  ex])anse  6  mm. 

"Hindwings  and  cilia  grayish.    Abdomen  grayish.     Legs  whitish,  unspotted."' 

Lord  Wakinghiuii  described  the  species  from  a  specimen  from 
New  York  in  the  Beutentniiller  collection. 

Liithocolletis  piatanoicliella  Brann. 
Plate  XXIII,  Fig.  23. 
Lithocolh'tis plaUmoidiella  Braun,  Ent.  News,  xix,  106,  1908. 

Antennae  whitish,  banded  with  brown  above.  Palpi  shining  white.  Face 
shining  white,  with  a  slight  golden  lustre.     Tuft  golden. 

Thorax  and  forewings  deep  shining  ocherous.  Extreme  edge  of  the  costa 
towards  the  base  black.  The  first  costal  streak  at  the  basal  fourth  s'hort.  oblique 
and  outwardly  dark  margined.  The  second  costal  streak  at  the  middle  of  the 
wing  length  is  also  oblique,  and  its  apex  meets  that  of  the  longer  corresponding 
dorsal  streak,  which  begins  at  the  middle  of  the  dorsal  margin,  somewhat  nearer 
the  base  than  the  costal  streak.  There  is  thus  formed  an  interrupted,  augulated 
white  fascia,  of  which  the  external  dark  dusting  is  continuous,  and  is  prolonged 
backward  to  the  space  between  the  third  costal  and  the  second  dorsal  streaks. 
These  latter  streaks  are  placed  opposite  to  each  other,  the  costal  at  the  apical 
third,  the  dorsal  at  the  tornus,  and  both  are  dark  margined  behind.  Fourth  cos- 
tal streak  somewhat  oblique,  pointing  forwards,  and  dark  margined  behind  by  a 
few  black  scales.  Apical  portion  white,  dusted  with  black  scales.  This  dusted 
portion  forms  an  almost  rectangular  area.  At  the  base  of  the  costal  cilia,  but 
not  extending  through  them,  and  anterior  to  the  dusted  apex,  is  a  small  white 
streak.  Marginal  line  in  the  cilia  brown.  Cilia  ocherous  around  the  apex,  be- 
coming gray  towards  the  tornus.     Alar  expanse  6.5-8  mm. 

Hindwings  gray.  Cilia  gray,  tinged  with  reddish.  Abdomen  gray  aliove. 
shining  silvery  ocherous  beneath.  Anal  tuft  ocherous.  Front  legs  daik  brown 
above,  with  a  narrow  white  stripe  beneath.  Tarsi  white  at  their  bases.  Middle 
aud  hind  legs  whitish  ocherous,  their  tarsi  tijjped  with  black. 

I  have  bred  this  species  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  from  blotch  mines 
on  the  upper  surface  of  leaves  of  several  species  of  oak,  viz.  :  Querciis 
alba  L.,  Quercus  macrocarpa  Michx.,  Quercus  j)lutanoides  (Lam.). 
The  larva  is  of  the  flat  type,  and  wlien  mature  spins  an  oval  flat 
cocoon.  The  imagoes  appear  in  August.  The  larvse  of  the  fall 
brood  hibernate  in  silken  lined  chambers.  There  is  a  specimen  in 
the  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.  from  New  York  (Beutenmiiller  collection). 

This  species  superficially  resembles  L.  betlmnella  Cham.,  from 
which  it  can  be  distinguished  by  the  aljsence  of  the  dorsal  streak  at 
the  basal  fourth,  and  by  the  presence  of  two  costal  streaks  beyond 
the  fascia,  there  being  but  one  such  streak  in  L.  bethunella. 

TRANS.  AM.  BNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (43)  OCTOBER,  1908. 


338  AMERICAN    MICKO-I.EPIDOPTERA. 

Liithocolletis  fletcherella  sp.  nov. 
Plate  XXIII,  Fig.  24. 

Antennse  whitish,  banded  above  with  brown.  Face  white;  palpi  white  inter- 
nally, dark  externally.     Tuft  ocherous,  whitish  in  the  middle. 

Thorax  and  forewinprs  reddish  ocherous.  Four  white  costal  and  three  white 
dorsal  streaks,  all  margined  with  dark  brown  externally.  First  costal  and  dor- 
sal streaks  oblique,  the  costal  at  the  basal  third,  the  dorsal  a  little  nearer  the 
base,  aud  extending  slightly  beyond  the  fold  ;  its  pointed  apex  is  directed  toward 
that  of  the  first  costal  streak.  Second  pair  of  streaks  at  the  middle  almost 
parallel  to  the  first  pair,  meeting  to  form  a  more  or  less  interrupted  angulated 
fascia,  of  which  the  dark  margin  is  continuous.  Third  pair  of  streaks  at  the  apical 
third,  perpendicular  and  almost  meeting  in  the  middle  of  the  wing.  Fourth 
costal  streak  curved,  almost  inclosing  the  more  or  less  dusted  apex.  In  the  male, 
on  the  middle  of  the  wing,  half  way  between  the  third  pair  of  streaks  and  the 
fourth  costal  streak,  is  a  white  spot,  with  a  few  dark  scales  behind  it.  Cilia 
ocherous.     Expanse  8.5-9  mm. 

Hindwings  and  cilia  grayish  ocherous.  Abdomen  ocherous  gray,  tuft  ocher- 
ous.    Legs  ocherous,  hind  tarsi  pure  white. 

Described  from  specimens  sent  to  me  by  Dr.  Fletcher  from  the 
Central  Experimental  Farm,  Ottawa,  Canada,  where  they  were  bred 
from  white  oak  by  Mr.  Arthur  Gibson. 

liitltocolletis  arcuella  Brauu. 
Plate  XXIV,  Fig.  1. 
Lithocolletis  arcuella  Brauu,  Ent.  News,  xix,  107,  1908. 

Antennae  whitish,  annulate  with  brown  above,  tips  blackish.  Palpi  silvery 
white.  Face  silvery  white,  slightly  tinged  with  golden.  Tuft  yellow,  mixed 
with  orange  at  the  sides. 

Thorax  and  forewing  shining  reddish  orange,  with  glistening  white  markings. 
There  are  three  costal  and  three  dorsal  white  spots,  the  second  pair  uniting  to 
form  a  fascia;  all  black  margined  externally.  The  first  costal  spot  at  the  basal 
third  is  short  and  broad,  its  dark  margin  passing  around  its  apex  almost  encloses 
it.  The  first  dorsal,  almost  square,  begins  nearer  the  base  than  the  first  costal, 
and  extends  half  way  across  the  wing.  A  bioad  white  angulated  fascia  at  about 
the  middle,  black  margined  externally,  and  on  the  costa  internally.  Third  cos- 
tal streak  strongly  arcuate  and  opposite  the  more  triangular  dorsal  streak  ;  the 
external  dusting  densest  immediately  behind  their  apices.  Apical  portion 
densely  dusted  with  blackish  brown  scales,  aud  bordered  internally  by  an  indis- 
tinct outwardly  concave  streak  of  silvery  scales.  Marginal  line  in  cilia  brown- 
ish.    Cilia  golden,  becoming  grayish  toward  the  tornus.     Alar  expanse  10  mm. 

Hindwings  bronzy  gray,  cilia  gray.  Abdomen  bronzy  gray  above,  silvery 
beneath.  Anal  tuft  reddish.  Legs,  except  the  first  pair,  ocherous;  tarsi  whitish 
and  unspotted.     First  pair  striped  with  dark  gray,  tarsi  banded  with  gray. 

One  specimen  taken  at  Mountain  Lake,  Giles  County,  Virginia, 
June  20,  1907.  A  very  large  and  distinctly  marked  species,  be- 
longing to  the  same  group  as  L.  bethunella  Cham. 


ANNETTE    F.     BRAUN.  339 

L<ithocolletis   betulivora  Waisingham. 
Plate  XXIV,  Fig.  2. 
Lithocolleiis  betulivora  Waisingham,  Ins.  Life,  iii,  326,  1891.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U. 
S.  Xat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6328. 

"Antennae  grayish  above,  white  beneath.  Pali)i  white.  Head  and  face  white, 
crown  tufted  with  reddish  saffron.     Thorax  reddish  saffron. 

"  Forewings  shining  reddish  saffron,  no  basal  streak,  a  small  costal  spot  at  one- 
fourth  the  wing  length  and  a  small  dorsal  spot  nearer  to  the  base  dull  white,  a 
slender  fascia  at  the  middle  of  the  wing  angulated  outwardly  near  the  costal 
margin,  has  one  or  two  black  scales  on  its  outer  edge ;  beyond  this  a  small  costal 
streak  and  an  opposite  dorsal  streak,  both  dull  white,  with  a  few  blackish  scales 
on  their  outer  edges.  A  group  of  black  scales  at  the  apex  of  the  wing  is  preceded 
on  the  costal  and  dorsal  margins  by  dull  white,  not  sufficiently  conspicuous  to 
be  called  costal  and  dorsal  streaks;  cilia  grayish,  their  bases  tinged  with  saffron, 
a  slender  blackish  line  along  their  middle,  passing  round  the  apex. 

"Hindwings  dark  gray;  cilia  gray.  Abdomen  gray,  tinged  with  saffron  pos- 
teriorly. Hind  legs  whitish,  with  a  very  faint  indication  of  darker  scaling  on 
the  penultimate  tarsal  joint.     Expanse  7  mm." 

Lord  Waisingham  has  thus  described  tiie  species  from  a  female 
specimen  bred  from  birch  by  Dr.  Kiley. 

The  mine  is  a  small,  sometimes  almost  circular,  blotch  upon  the 
upper  side  of  the  leaf. 

There  is  a  specimen  of  this  species  in  the  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.  bred 
from  birch,  but  no  locality  is  given. 

Ijifhocollelis  eppelslieiniii  Frey  and  Boll. 
LithocoUetis  eppelsheimii  Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxix,  272,  1878. — Dyar, 
Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Xat.  Mus.,  1902,  Xo.  6325. 

Face  and  palpi  snow-white;  tuft  saffron  yellow.  The  antennae  whitish  gray, 
annulate  with  brown,  attain  an  unusual  length.  They  fully  equal  the  length  of 
the  forewings.  Thorax  saffron  ;  legs  whitish,  with  unspotted  tarsi.  Abdomen 
dark  gray,  light  underneath. 

The  moderately  shining  forewings  have  a  true  saffron  color.  They  show  tlie 
following  shining  silvery  white  markings;  on  the  costa  at  one-third  of  the  wing 
length  there  is  a  rather  small,  obliquely  placed  costal  streak,  imperfectly  mar- 
gined toward  the  base  with  a  few  black  scales.  The  corresponding  dor&al  streak 
is  short,  blunt,  not  well  developed,  placed  at  the  basal  fourth  of  the  wing  length, 
and  is  externally  more  strongly  margined  with  blackish  scales.  Then  follows, 
about  in  the  middle  of  the  wing,  an  angulated,  interrupted  fascia,  inwardly 
blackish  margined,  and  with  a  shorter  costal  and  a  longer  dorsal  arm.  At  three- 
quarters  of  the  wing  length  is  a  pair  of  streaks,  the  dorsal  placed  at  the  hind 
angle.  The  trace  of  a  last  costal  streak  appears  just  before  the  ajiex.  The  black 
dusting  extends  in  considerable  breadth  from  the  above-mentioned  pair  of 
streaks  to  the  hind  margin,  either  in  the  shape  of  a  broad  spot,  or  to  the  unaided 
eye  as  a  dot  suddenly  ending.  Base  of  the  cilia  saffron,  tips  whitish  gray.  At 
the  hind  angle  they  become  entirely  of  a  uniform  licht  gray. 

Hindwings  and  cilia  gray.    The  underside  of  the  forewings  dark  ocherousgray. 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC,  XXXIV.  OCTOBER.  1908. 


340  AMERICAN    MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. 

The  description  given  above  is  a  translation  of  that  by  Frey  and 
Boll,  and  appears  to  be  somewhat  inconsistent  in  several  details. 
While  it  seems  to  belong  to  the  flat  group  of  larvte,  the  internal 
dark  margin  of  the  fascia,  if  the  description  is  correct,  is  an 
anomaly  in  the  group.  I  have  seen  no  specimen  of  the  species, 
and  it  is  impossible  to  determine  its  position  with  certainty.  It 
was  described  from  specimens  bred  from  upperside  mines  on  a 
species  of  Carya  in  Texas,  and  is  one  of  the  smaller  species. 

Liitlioeolletis  betliunella  Chambers. 

Plate  XXIV,  Fig.  3. 

Lithocolletis  bethunella  Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  iii.  109,  1871. — Ciii.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  ii, 

103,  1875.— Cau.  Eut.,  xi,  89,  1879— bethtmiella  Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S. 

Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6326. 
Syn.  lehertella  Frey  and  Boil,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xsxix,  266,  1878.— Dyar,  Bull.  52, 

U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  No.  6327. 
"Face  and  palpi  silvery  white;  antennse  silvery  white  beneath,  brownish 
banded  with  white  above;  tuft  golden,  interspersed  with  white;  thorax  and 
anterior  wings  reddish  orange,  with  three  costal  and  three  dorsal  silvery  streaks, 
all  dark  margined  externally.  First  costal  and  first  dorsal  small,  the  dorsal 
being  the  largest  and  nearer  to  the  base,  whilst  the  costal  is  a  little  oblique  and 
at  about  the  basal  one-third  of  the  wing.  The  second  dorsal  and  second  costal 
about  the  middle,  opposite  each  other,  and  a  little  oblique,  the  dorsal  being  the 
longest,  and  almost  meeting  the  costal  near  the  costa,  whilst  their  dark  margins 
do  meet  and  are  posteriorly  angulated  and  produced  to  the  space  between  the 
third  dorsal  and  third  costal.  The  third  dorsal  and  third  costal  are  a  little 
behind  the  apical  one-third,  opposite,  straight,  and  the  dorsal  is  the  longest. 
Apex  dusted  with  blackish  on  a  white  ground.  Cilia  fulvous,  with  a  dark  brown 
hinder  marginal  line  at  their  base.     Al.  ex.  a  little  over  one-fourth  inch." 

The  above  is  Chambers'  original  description.  As  noted  by  Cham- 
bers, the  opposite  costal  and  dorsal  streaks  (except  tlie  first  pair) 
are  sometimes  confluent,  forming  fasciae.  There  is  also,  just  before 
the  apical  black  dusting,  a  small  Avhite  spot,  "which  does  not  extend 
through  the  cilia.     Alar  expanse  6.5-7.5  mm. 

The  larvpe,  of  the  flat  type,  form  oval  blotch  mines  on  the  upper 
side  of  several  species  of  oak,  and  spin  flat,  oval,  silken  cocoons. 
The  species  occurs  in  the  eastern  half  of  the  United  States,  west  and 
south  to  Texas. 

The  description  of  lehertella  Frey  and  Boll  in  no  way  ditters  from 
that  of  bethunella,  and  their  life  history  is  identical.  The  synonomy, 
as  above  given,  will  doubtless  stand,  although  there  has  been  no 
opportunity  of  comparing  specimens  of  bethunella  with  the  type  of 
lebertella  in  England. 


1 


ANNETTE    F.     BRAUN.  341 

L.itliocolIetis  Tasciclla  Walsingliam. 

riate  XXIV,  Fig.  4. 

LithocoUefis  fasciella  Walsingliam,  lus.  Life,  iii,  326.  1891.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S. 

Nat.  Mils.,  1902,  No.  6317. 
Syii.  nnif'tsciella  Chambers  (not  Teiigstrom),  Cin.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  ii,  103,  1875. 

Anteunfe  gray,  banded  with  dark  brown  above.  Face  and  palpi  wliitish,  with 
a  faint  ocherous  tinge.     Tuft  reddish  orange,  paler  in  the  center. 

Thorax  and  forewings  reddish  orange.  Near  the  middle  of  the  wing  is  an 
obtusely  angulated  silvery  fascia,  margined  on  the  costa  before  with  a  brown 
spot,  and  strongly  dark  margined  behind.  This  dark  margin  is  produced  back- 
ward along  the  costa,  and  as  a  broad  band  along  the  middle  of  the  wing.  These 
two  streaks  of  dusting  are  connected  at  the  beginning  of  the  cilia,  and  are  also 
sometimes  confluent  with  the  apical  dusting,  which  is  dark  brown  on  a  paler 
ground,  and  extends  to  the  tornus.  No  costal  nor  dorsal  streaks.  A  dark  brown 
line  runs  through  the  middle  of  the  cilia,  which  are  brownish  ocherous,  becom- 
ing gray  at  the  tornus.     Expanse  6-7  mm. 

Hindwings  and  cilia  gray,  with  a  slightly  reddish  tinge.  Abdomen  gray. 
Hind  tarsi  tipped  with  black. 

The  oval  blotch  mines  are  found  upon  the  upperside  of  various 
species  of  oak.     Ohio  and  Kentucky. 

LiithocolietiSii  castaiieaiella  Chambers. 

Plate  XXIY,  Fig.  5. 

Lithocolleiis  castaiieseella  Chambers,  (;in.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  ii,  104,  1875. — Dyar,  Bull. 

52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6318. 
Syn.  caatanella  Walsingham,  Ins.  Life,  iii,  329,  1891. 

Antennae  gray,  banded  above  with  dark  brown.  Face  and  palpi  tinged  with 
ocherous.     Tuft  reddish  orange,  paler  in  the  middle. 

Thorax  and  forewings  reddish  orange.  At  the  basal  third  is  a  small  white 
spot,  margined  behind  with  black  scales.  At  the  middle  of  the  wing  is  an 
obtusely  angulated,  nearly  straight  fascia,  dark  margined  behind  and  sometimes 
on  the  costa  before.  At  the  angle  of  the  fascia  the  dusting  is  produced  back- 
ward along  the  middle  of  the  wing,  uniting  with  that  which  forms  the  external 
margin  of  a  white  costal  streak  at  the  beginning  of  the  cilia.  Opposite  this 
streak  the  position  of  a  dorsal  streak  is  faintly  indicated.  A  small,  white  spot 
just  before  the  dusted  apex.  Sometimes  the  dusting  behind  the  fascia  and  at  the 
apex  is  almost  entirely  lacking.  A  dark  line  through  the  middle  of  the  cilia, 
which  are  brownish  ocherous,  shading  to  gray  at  the  tornus.    Expanse  6-7.5  mm. 

Hindwings  and  cilia  gray,  the  latter  with  a  reddish  tinge.  Abdomen  dark 
gray.     Hind  tarsi  tipped  with  black. 

Ohio  and  Kentucky. 

The  mine  occurs  upon  the  upperside  of  leaves  of  chestnut  and 
various  species  of  oak,  and  is  a  somewhat  oval  blotch.  In  this 
species  the  larva  hibernates  on  a  slight  bed  of  silk  beneath  the 
folded  epidennis. 

TKANb.  AM.  JCNT.  OOC,  XXXIV.  OCTOHKK,  190&. 


342  AMERICAN    MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. 

liithocolletis  guttifinitella  Clemens. 
Plate  XXIV,  Fig.  6. 

Lithocolletis  guttifiniteUa  Clemens,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  324,  1859. — Tin.  No. 

Am.,  65.  76,  1872.— Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  iii,  110,  1871.— Cin.  Quart. 

Jn.  Sci.,'i,  201,  1874.— Bull.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  iv,  102,  1878.— Jn.  Cin. 

Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  ii,  82,  1879.— Busck,  Proc.   Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  v,  189, 

1903.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6306. 
Syn.  toxicodendri  Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxix,  273,  1878. — Dyar.  Bull. 

52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6304. 

"Front  silvery,  with  a  reddish  hue.  Tuft  and  thorax  reddish  orange.  An- 
tennse  blackish  brown.  Forewings  rather  deep  reddish  orange,  with  two  silvery 
bands  black  margined  behind,  one  in  the  middle  of  the  wing  and  nearly  straight, 
the  other  midway  between  this  and  the  base  of  the  wing  and  obliquely  placed. 
Before  the  costo-apical  cilia  is  a  costal  silvery  spot,  black  margined  on  both  sides, 
with  an  opposite  dorsal  spot,  black  margined  behind.  The  apical  portion  of  the 
wing  is  dusted  with  blackish,  dispersed  scales,  with  a  white  spot  near  the  tip 
above  the  middle  of  the  wing.  Thei'e  are  two  hinder  marginal  lines,  one  the 
margin  of  the  dispersed  scales,  the  other  dark  brownish  in  the  cilia. 

"The  larva  may  be  taken  in  August  and  September  in  the  leaf  of  Rhus  toxico- 
dendron (poison  oak),  njining  the  upper  surface  in  a  rather  broad,  tortuous  tract, 
and  there  are  ordinarily  several  in  the  same  leaf.  The  larva  belongs  to  the  sec- 
ond larval  group.  The  head  is  a  fine  pale  brown  ;  the  body  yellowish  posteriorly, 
becoming  brownish  above,  with  dorsal  and  ventral  dark  maculai.  The  cocoon  is 
circular,  formed  within  the  mine  as  usual  in  this  group  in  a  little  circular  de- 
pression." 

The  above  is  Clemens'  description  of  imago  and  larva.  Mr. 
August  Busck  (Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  v,  189, 1903)  has  established 
the  synonomy  of  this  species  with  Lithocolletis  toxicodendri  Frey 
and  Boll,  and  added  important  notes  upon  the  variability  of  the 
species.     The  expanse  is  7  mm. 

liithocolletis  obstrivtella  Clemens. 
Plate  XXIV,  Fig.  7. 

Lithocolletix  ohstrictella  Clemens,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  322,  1859. — Tin.  No. 

Am.,  64,  73,  1872.— Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  iii,  183,  1871.— Bull.  Geol. 

Surv.  Terr.,  iv,  102,  1878.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902.  No. 

6307. 
Syn.  hifasciella  Chambers,  Bull.  Geol.  Surv.  Terr.,  iv,  101,  119,  153,  1878.— Dyar, 

Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6329.— cen/er.-c  Walsingham.  Proc. 

U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  xxxiii,  222,  1907. 

Face  and  palpi  whitish,  face  tinged  with  reddish  orange,  deeper  towards  the 
vertex.  Antennae  silvery  gray  beneath,  dark  gray  above,  with  a  lighter  joint 
near  the  apex. 

Thorax  and  forewings  shining  reddish  brown.  Forewings  with  silvery  mark- 
ings dark  margined  externally.     At  the  basal  fourth  is  a  silvery  fascia,  nearer 


ANNETTE    F.    BRAUN.  343 

the  base  on  the  dorsal  margin,  and  very  indistinctly  angiilated  near  the  costa. 
At  the  middle  of  the  wing  length  is  a  straight  perpendicular  fascia.  At  two- 
thirds  are  a  pair  of  opposite  silvery  streaks,  often  uniting  in  the  middle  of  the 
wing  to  form  a  third  fascia.  Apex  overlaid  with  velvety  blackish  brown  scales, 
with  a  few  silvery  scales  before.  Cilia  reddish  brown,  shading  to  gray  at  the 
tornus,  and  with  a  dark  brown  line  through  the  middle.     Expanse  7-8  mm. 

Hindwingsand  cilia  blackish  brown.  Abdomen  blackish  brown  in  the  female, 
gray  in  the  male.  Legs  pale  brownish  gray,  tarsi  whitish,  shaded  with  gray 
toward  their  bases. 

New  York  (Beutenmuller  collection),  Pennsylvania,  Ohio  and 
Kentucky. 

The  external  margining  i.s  in  the  males  more  distinct  and  of  a 
clearer  black  than  in  the  females,  where  it  is  often  dark  brown, 
scarcely  darker  than  the  ground  color. 

The  upperside  mines  occur  on  several  species  of  oak  :  Querciis 
rubra  L.,  Quercus  alba  L.,  Quercus  acuminata  (Michx.)  Sarg.  The 
mine  is  a  rather  broad  Y-shaped  tract,  sometimes  crossing  the  mid- 
rib. The  flat,  oval,  silken  cocoon  is  spun  in  the  leg  of  the  Y. 
Specimens  bred  from  such  mines  are  in  every  respect  identical  with 
Clemens'  type  of  obstrictella.  Dr.  Clemens  was  certainly  in  error 
when  he  described  the  mine  of  obstrictella  as  a  mine  on  the  under- 
side of  oak  leaves.  The  imago  of  this  species  is  typically  that  of 
the  flat  larval  group. 

Obstrictella  may  be  distinguished  from  all  other  allied  eastern 
species  by  the  character  of  the  l)lack  scales  which  form  the  apical 
dusting.  These  scales  are  more  freely  tipped  with  black  than  is 
usual  in  the  case  of  the  scales  forming  the  apical  dusting  of  the  flat 
group,  and  hence  the  effect  is  a  large  black  spot  rather  than  a  num- 
ber of  small  dots.  The  silvery  scales  before  the  apex  are  also  char- 
acteristic of  the  species. 

Chambers'  type  of  bifasciella  is  identical  with  Clemens'  type  of 
obstrictella ;  on  one  wing  the  third  fascia  is  nearly  complete. 

The  specimen  from  which  Lord  Walsingham  described  cerijera' 
is  identical  with  the  series  of  specimens  of  obstrictella  from  the 
Beutenmuller  collection  in  the  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.  All  of  this  series 
bear  the  breeding  record  number  114  (blotch  mine  on  the  upperside 
of  red  and  white  oak.s).  The  type  o'i  cerifene  is  the  only  specimen 
bearing  on  the  pin  the  food  plant  label,  '"  Myrica  cerifera."  This  is 
certainly  an  error. 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC,  XXXIV.  OCTOBEE,    1908. 


344  AMERICAN    MICRO-IvEPIDOPTERA. 

liitliocolletis  corylisella  Chauibers. 

Plate  XXIV,  Fig.  8. 

Lithocolletis  coryliseUa  Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  iii,  111,  127,  1871. — Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U. 

S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6308. 
Sj'n.  coryliella  Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  xi,  90,  1879.^ — bifasciella  Walsiugbam,  Proc. 
U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  xxxiii,  223,  1907. 

Face,  palpi  and  antenuse  white;  antennae  annulate  with  brown  above.  Tuft 
ocherous. 

Thorax  and  forewings  reddish  ocherous.  A  short  white  streak  from  the  inner 
angle  to  the  fold  dark  margined  externally.  Two  white  fasciae  dark  margined 
externally;  the  first  at  about  the  basal  fourth,  oblique,  nearer  the  base  on  the 
dorsum,  and  slightly  convex  above  the  fold.  Second  fascia  at  about  the  middle, 
nearly  erect.  At  the  apical  fourth  is  a  white  costal  streak,  and  opposite  it  a 
nearly  erect  dorsal  streak  above  the  cilia;  both  are  dark  margined  externally. 
In  the  apical  portion  of  the  wing  is  an  oblique  white  streak,  not  extending 
through  the  costal  cilia,  dusted  with  fuscous  scales  behind  and  around  its  apex. 
This  dusting  is  sometimes  almost  lacking.  Hinder  marginal  line  in  the  cilia 
brownish,  indistinct.  Cilia  ocherous,  grayish  toward  the  tornus.  Expanse  6.5- 
7  mm. 

Hindwings  and  cilia  grayish,  tinged  with  ocherous.  Abdomen  gray.  Legs 
whitish  ocherous. 

The  blotch  mines  on  the  upperside  of  hazel,  Corylus  Avierlcana 
Walt.,  are  very  similar  to  those  of  ostryarella  Chamb.  However,  the 
silken  chamber  in  which  the  larva  hibernates  is  of  the  usual  type, 
the  epidermis  not  being  raised  in  a  circular  ridge  as  in  ostryarella. 

The  male  specimen  which  Lord  AValsingham  described  as  bifas- 
ciella Cham,  is  one  of  the  series  from  the  Beutenmiiller  collection, 
bearing  the  record  number  118,  and  bred  on  Corylus,  and  identical 
with  specimens  of  coryliseUa  Cham. 

Liilliocolletis  sesciilisella  Chambers. 

Plate  XXIV,  Fig.  9. 

Lithocolletis  icsculisella  Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  iii.  111,   1871. — Walsingham,    Ins. 

Life,  ii,  53,  1889.— Busck,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  v,  190,  1903. 
Syn.  xsculella  Eiley,  Smith's  List  Lep.  Bor.  Am.,  109,  1891. 

Antennae  whitish,  banded  above  with  dark  brown.  Face  and  palpi  white. 
Tuft  ocherous,  whitish  behind.  Thorax  and  forewings  reddish  ocherous.  A 
whitish  streak  on  each  side  of  the  thorax  is  continuous  with  a  slightly  paler 
shade  on  the  forewings,  from  the  inner  angle  to  the  fold.  Two  white  jjosteriorly 
dark  margined  fascise.  The  second,  at  about  the  middle  of  the  wing,  indistinctly 
obtusely  angled  near  the  costa,  with  its  dorsal  arm  nearer  the  base.  The  first 
fascia,  half  way  between  this  and  the  base  of  the  wing,  is  broken  near  the  costa. 
Its  dorsal  arm  is  more  oblique  and  diverges  from  the  second  fascia.  At  the 
beginning  of  the  cilia  is  a  small  costal  spot,  and  ojiposite  it  a  longer  almost  per- 
pendicular dor.sal  streak,  both  black  margined  behind.  Apical  black  dusting 
more  or  less  dense,  and  edged  internally  by  an  oblique  white  streak,  sometimes 


I 


ANNETTE    F.    BRAUN.  345 

almost  uniting  ■with  the  dorsal  streak.     Cilia  ocherous,  with  a  slightly  darker 
line  through  their  middle.     Expanse  8-9  mm. 

Hindwings  and  cilia  gray,  with  an  ocherous  tinge.  Abdomen  gray,  tuft  ocher- 
ous. Legs  whitish  ocherous.  Hind  tarsi  white,  with  one  or  two  joints  faintly 
tipped  with  black. 

Central  United  States.  The  mine  occurs  on  the  upperside  of 
buckeye,  ^Esculus  glabra  Willd.  and  jEsculus  flava  Alt.  It  is  a 
broad  linear  tract  sometimes  containing  as  many  as  five  or  six 
larvse.  The  winter  is  passed  in  the  larval  state,  the  period  of  hiber- 
nation lasting  from  August  until  April  of  the  following  year. 

jEsculisella  may  be  distinguished  from  all  allied  species  by  the 
form  of  the  first  fascia,  which  is  broken  near  the  costa. 

liithocollelis  ostryarella  Chambers. 
Plate  XXIY,  Fig.  10. 
LithocoUetis  ostri/arelln   Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  iii,  111,  1871. — Tin.  Xo.  Am.,  72, 
1872.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  Xo.  6335. 

Face,  palpi  and  antennae  white;  antennae  annulate  above  with  brown. 

Thorax  and  forewings  reddish  ocherous.  A  white  streak  from  the  inner  angle 
to  the  fold,  faintly  black  margined  externally.  Two  white  fascife,  the  first  begin- 
ning on  the  dorsum  at  about  the  basal  fourth,  concave  outwardly  on  the  fold, 
thence  extending  obliquely  to  the  costa,  which  it  reaches  at  about  the  basal  third. 
It  is  black  margined  externally.  The  second  fascia,  at  about  the  middle,  is 
slightly  oblique  and  black  margined  externally.  At  the  apical  fourth  a  costal 
white  streak  black  margined  externally.  Opposite  it  above  the  cilia  is  a  very 
oblique,  long  dorsal  streak  also  black  margined  externally.  Just  before  the  apex 
an  oblique-white  streak  on  the  line  of  the  last  dorsal,  and  not  extending  through 
the  cilia,  is  dusted  behind  with  blackish  scales.  The  scales  in  the  apical  third 
of  the  wing  are  tipped  with  brown.  Hinder  marginal  line  in  the  cilia  brownish. 
Cilia  ocherous,  grayish  toward  the  tornus.     Expanse  6-7  mm. 

Hindwings  grayish  ocherous.  Cilia  grayish,  tinged  with  ocherous.  Abdomen 
gray,  tuft  ocherous.  Legs  whitish  ocherous,  hind  tarsi  sometimes  tipped  with  black. 

The  larvffi  form  irregular  blotch  mines  on  the  upperside  oi' Ostrya 
Virginicma  (Mill.)  Willd.  and  Carpinus  Caroliniana  Walt.  ;  as 
many  as  four  or  five  sometimes  occurring  in  one  mine.  The  hiber- 
nating larvse  pass  the  winter  in  circular  silken-lined  chambers,  the 
outline  appearing  on  the  upper  epidermis  as  a  circular  narrow 
ridge  ;  a  convex  projection  appears  on  the  lower  side. 

The  brownish  dusting  of  the  apical  third  of  the  wing  is  the  dis- 
tinguishing characteristic  of  ostryurella.  Corylisella  may  also  be 
distinguished  from  ostrtjarelhi  by  the  dorsal  streak  above  the  cilia 
being  nearly  erect,  while  in  ostryarella  it  is  oblique  and  nearly 
parallel  to  the  edge.  The  fasciae,  especially  the  first,  are  also  less 
oblique  in  corylisella. 

TRANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  (44)  OCTOBEK.  1908. 


346  AMERICAN    MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. 

Liithocolletis  aceriella  Clemens. 
Plate  XXIV,  Fig.  11. 
Lithocollelis  aceriella  Clemens,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  325,  1859. — Tin.  No. 
Am.,  65,  75,  1872.— Busck,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  v,  189,  1903.— Dyar, 
Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6305. 

"Front  silvery,  tuft  reddish  orange  and  silvery  mixed.  Thorax  reddish 
orange.  Forewings  reddish  orange,  somewhat  metallic,  with  a  white  streak, 
black  margined  exteriorly,  from  the  inner  basal  angle  to  the  fold  ;  with  two 
oblique  silvery  bands,  black  margined  behind,  one  about  the  middle  of  the  wing 
and  the  other  midway  between  it  and  the  base  of  the  wing.  Near  the  tip  is  a 
costal  silvery  spot,  black  margined  behind,  with  an  opposite,  oblifjue  dorsal  streak 
of  the  same  hue.  likewise  black  margined  behind,  and  an  oblique  costal  silvery 
streak  continued  on  the  line  of  the  last  dorsal,  running  into  the  cilia  just  before 
the  tip,  black  margined  above,  at  the  tip  before,  and  below  at  the  tip  behind  ; 
scarcely  with  a  hinder  marginal  line,  cilia  of  the  general  hue.  Hindwings  plum- 
beous, cilia  with  a  fulvous  hue. 

"  The  larva  mines  the  leaf  of  maple  in  September.  It  mines  the  upper  surface 
of  the  leaf,  making  a  flat,  rather  broad  tract,  casting  its  frass  along  the  middle  of 
the  course  of  it.  Physical  characteristics  those  of  the  second  larval  group.  Head 
pale  brown  ;  body  yellowish  green,  with  oval,  dorsal,  brown  maeulie,  darkest 
on  their  margins;  thoracic  rings  on  their  sides  pale  yellowish.  The  cocoon  is 
circular." 

The  above  is  Clemens'  description  and  represents  the  typical 
eastern  form  of  the  species.  Specimens  occur  in  which  the  white 
streak  at  the  base  of  the  dorsal  margin  is  replaced  by  a  pale  ocher- 
ous  shade,  bordered  externally  by  brown  scales.  The  dorsal  streak 
above  the  cilia  is  also  very  variable,  being  in  some  specimens  almost 
erect,  while  in  others  it  is  oblique  and  parallel  to  the  termen.  The 
usual  expanse  is  about  7  mm.,  but  specimens  collected  at  Ottawa, 
Canada,  by  Mr.  C.  H.  Young  expand  8-9  mm.  In  these  specimens 
the  pale  streak  at  the  base  of  the  wings  is  scarcely  lighter  than  the 

ground  color. 

The  mine  is  common  throughout 
the  Atlantic  States  on  leaves  of 
red  maple,  Acer  rubrum  L.,  but  is 
rarely  found  upon  sugar  maple. 
The  larvse  appearing  in  July  pu- 
pate in  a  silken  lined  chamber, 
and   do    not   spin    the   usual    flat 

Mine  of  L.  aceriella.  .,, 

silken  cocoon. 
The  insect  to  which  Chambers  refers  in  Can.  Ent.,  iii,  130,  1871, 
is  not  1j.  aceriella  Clem,  but  the  species  described  under  the  name 
saccharella  by  the  writer. 


i 


ANNETTE    F.    BRAUN.  347 

liithocolletis  hanianielieila  Busck. 
Plate  XXIV,  Fig.  12. 
LithocoUelis  hnmameliella  Busck,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  v,  189,  1903. 
Syn.  hamamelis  Smith's  List  Lep.  Bor.  Am.,  1903,  No.  6844. 

Face  and  palpi  wiiitish.  Antenna;  vvhitisli  ocherous,  auiinlate  with  dark  brown. 
Tuft  reddish  orange. 

Thorax  and  forewings  deep  reddish  orange.  An  oblique  white  streak  from  the 
inner  angle  to  the  fold  is  black  margined  externally.  There  are  two  straight, 
oblique,  parallel,  silvery  bands  black  margined  externally,  the  first  at  the  basal 
fourth,  and  the  second  at  the  middle  of  the  wing  length.  At  the  beginning  of 
the  costal  cilia  is  a  silvery  spot,  black  margined  externally.  Opposite  it  is  a  long, 
very  oblique  dorsal  streak,  parallel  to  the  ternien,  also  black  margined  behind, 
and  uniting  in  the  apex  of  the  wing  with  a  short  apical  streak,  dark  margined 
at  its  apex  and  above  and  below.  Marginal  line  in  the  cilia  of  the  wing  color. 
Cilia  reddish,  becoming  gray  at  the  tornus.     Expanse  7  mm. 

Hindwings  and  cilia  reddish  gray.  Abdomen  dark  gray  above,  ocherous  gray 
beneath.     Legs  pale  brownish  red,  tarsal  joints  white,  tipped  with  black. 

This  .species  is  distributed  throughout  the  Atlantic  States  wherever 
the  food  plant,  Hamamelis  Virginiana  L.  (witch  hazel),  occurs.  The 
mine  is  a  whitish  blotch,  sometimes  almost  circular;  the  pupa  of  the 
summer  brood  is  formed  beneath  a  flat  silken  cocoon. 

Although  it  is  very  closely  related  to  aceriella,  it  may  be  .-separa- 
ted from  that  species  by  the  deeper  and  more  reddish  color  of  the 
tuft  and  wings,  and  by  the  more  distinct  marginal  line  in  the  cilia. 
The  hind  tarsi  of  hamameliella  are  also  very  distinctly  tipped  with 
black,  whereas,  in  aceriella,  they  are  either  faintly  blackish  tipped 
or  entirely  pure  white.  The  oblique  dorsal  streak,  which  has  been 
used  to  separate  hamameliella  from  aceriella,  cannot  be  relied  upon, 
as  this  streak  is  often  as  oblique  in  aceriella  as  in  hamameliella. 

Liithocollelis  f uliit*erella  Clemens. 
Plate  XXIV,  Fig.  13. 
LithocoUetis  tubiferella  Clemens,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  208,  I860.— Tin.  No. 
Am.,  140,  1872.— Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  iii,  165,  183,  1871.— Walsing- 
ham,  Ins.  Life,  ii,  24,  77,  1889;  iii,  329,  1891.— Busck,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc. 
Wash.,  V,  204,  1903.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6330. 
"Head  silvery  white.     Antennse  fuscous,  slightly  annulated  with  white;  basal 
joint  pale  saffron.     Forewings  pale  saffron,  with  two  silvery  white  moderately 
broad  bands,  black  margined  externally,  one  near  the  base,  and  the  other  on  the 
middle  of  the  wing,  and  botli  somewhat  oblique;  cilia  of  the  general  liue.     Hind 
wings  dark  grayish,  cilia  the  same. 

"The  larva  belongs  to  the  second  larval  group  of  this  genus,  but  the  body  is 
much  more  contracted  than  that  of  any  other  larva  I  have  seen.  Its  form  is 
almost  that  of  a  flattened  ovoid,  the  rings  separated  by  the  deep  incisions,  and 
each  forming  in  the  sides  a  projecting  mammilla. 

TRANS.  AM.  KNT.  soc,  XXXIV.  OCTOBEK,    1908. 


348  AMERICAN   MICRO-LEPIDOPTEEA. 

"The  larva  mines  the  upper  surface  of  the  leaves  of  oaks  in  September,  and 
doubtless  also  in  the  summer  months.  The  mine  is  a  linear  tract,  sometimes 
curved  or  wavy,  gradually  increasing  in  breadth  from  the  beginning  to  the  end, 
or,  as  the  larva  increases  in  length,  with  the  frass  deposited  on  each  side  of  the 
tract,  and  marking  its  outline  by  two  black  lines.  The  position  of  the  larva 
within  the  mine  is  likewise  a  peculiar  one,  as  it  is  always  placed  transversely  to 
its  course,  and  hence  the  deposition  of  the  frass  on  the  sides,  and  the  gradual 
increase  in  breadth,  as  the  larva  grows  in  length.  Its  head  is  blackish-brown  ; 
the  body  pale  greenish,  with  pale  brown  dorsal  macula;,  darker  on  their  edges. 
It  undergoes  transformation  in  the  end  of  the  mine,  preparing  a  circular  cell  or 
slightly  silk-lined  cavity,  and  leaves  the  last  larval  cast  outside  of  it.  The  fall 
brood  of  larvse  become  imagoes  about  the  middle  of  May." 

The  above  is  Clemens'  complete  description  of  the  species. 

The  very  characteristic  mine  can- 
not be  mistaken  for  that  of  any  other 
species.  The  mine  is  often  branched, 
the  larva  returning  toward  the  begin- 
ning of  the  mine,  and  starting  out 
anew  in  another  direction. 

In  the  apex  of  the  wing,  there  is 
sometimes  a  minute  white  spot,  with  a 

Mine  of  L.  tubiferella.  „         ■>■,-,  -,        i     i  •      t    • ,         mi  i 

few  black  scales  behind  it.     ihe  alar 
expanse  is  8  mm. 

PORPHYROSELA,*  new  subgenus. 

Poiyhyrosela  differs  from  the  typical  Lithocolletis  in  the  follow- 
ing characteristics :  forewings  somewhat  more  acuminate,  vein  11  of 
the  forewings  absent  (Plate  XX,  Fig.  8)  ;  basal  joint  of  the  antennae 
without  a  pecten  ;  hind  tibiae  without  hairs. 

The  subgenus  is  represented  only  by  the  following  species  : 

Porpliyrosela  desiuodiella  Clemens. 
Plate  XXIV,  Figs.  14,  15. 
Lithocolletis  desmodiella  Clemens,  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phil.,  220,  1859. — Tin.  No. 
Am.,  65,  68,  1872.— Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  iii,  127,  162,  1871.— Jn.  Cin. 
Soc.  Nat.  Hist.,  ii,  189,  1879.— Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxvii, 
227,  1876.— Walsingham,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  x,  202,  1882.— Busck, 
Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  v,  187,  1903.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus., 
1902,  No.  6303. 
Syn.  gregaridla  Murtfeldt,  Can.  Ent.,  xiii,  215, 1881 ;  xv,  139, 1883.— Walsingham, 
Proc.  Zool.  Soc.  Lond.,  146,  1897. 
"Antennaj  dark  brown,  tipped  with  a  silvery  liue.    Front  whitish,  with  a  ruby 
colored  lustre;  frontal  tuft  dark  brown.      Thorax  with  a  splendent  ruby  hue. 

*  From  ■7r6p(f>vpos y  purple;  and  trcAas,  signifying  sheen. 


ANNETTE    F.    BRAUX.  349 

Forewing  ferruginous  brown,  ruhy-tiuted  at  the  base,  with  two  silvery  bands 
dark  margined  on  both  sides,  one  near  the  base,  and  one  in  the  middle  of  the 
wing.  A  costal  and  dorsal  silvery  spot  near  the  tip,  opposite  to  each  other,  and 
a  costal  silvery  spot  just  before  the  tip,  the  two  former  dark  margined  on  both 
sides,  and  the  latter  slightly  dark  margined.  No  hinder  marginal  line  ;  the  cilia 
opposite  the  last  dorsal  spot  blackish,  and  the  wing  beneath  the  last  costal  spot 
golden  brown.  Hindwings  pale  brownish  gray,  cilia  the  same."  [Expanse 
4.5-5  mm.] 

Originally  described  by  Clemens  as  above  from  specimens  from 
tentiform  mines  on  the  underside  of  Desmodium  viridiflorum  L.  It 
has  since  been  bred  from  mines  on  several  allied  plants,  among 
them  Lespedeza  capitata  Michx.  and  Phuseolus  pauciflorus  Benth. 

Frey  and  Boll  (Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxvii,  227,  1876j  made  note  of 
the  peculiar  enlarged  appearance  of  the  apical  third  of  the  forewings. 

The  specimens  described  as  (jregariella  were  bred  from  lai'ge  infla- 
ted mines  on  the  underside  of  Fhaseolus  j}aueiJiorus  Benth.,  a  num- 
ber of  imagoes  emerging  from  one  mine.  In  all  other  respects,  ex- 
cept the  gregarious  larval  habits,  these  are  identical  with  desmodiella. 

However,  in  a  series  bred  by  Mr.  August  Busck  from  similar 
mines  on  Desmodium  at  Washington,  D.  C,  all  of  the  specimens 
were  noticeably  smaller,  the  largest  expanding  but  3  mm.,  and 
almost  all  lacked  any  indication  of  the  white  costal  streak  before 
the  cilia  (Plate  XXIV,  Fig.  15). 

On  various  species  of  Lespedeza,  Avhere  both  the  gregarious  and 
solitary  larval  habit  is  exhibited  on  the  same  plant,  I  have  bred 
both  varieties  from  the  same  mine. 

CREMASTOBOMBVCIA,*  new  subgenus. 

Cremastobombycia  differs  from  Lithocolletis  proper  in  the  follow- 
ing characteristics:  terminal  joint  of  the  labial  palpi  a  little  longer; 
vein  5  of  the  forewings  present,  5  and  6  stalked,  vein  6  of  the  hind 
wings  present,  5  and  6  long  stalked  (Plate  XX,  Figs.  6,  7},  some- 
times borne  on  an  independent  stalk  to  near  the  base,  where  this 
stalk  is  short  stalked  with  the  upper  median  vein.  The  stalk  is 
obsolete  from  the  middle  to  the  end  of  the  cell  (Plate  XX,  Fig.  6), 

Larva  cylindrical,  without  prolegs  on  10,  usually  pale  greenish  or 
yellowish  becoming  darker  at  maturity.  All  of  the  species,  as  far 
as  known,  are  miners  in  the  leaves  of  various  species  of  Conipositse, 
the  mines  being  found  upon  the  lower  side  of  the  leaf,  except  that  of 

■*  From  K/oe/Atto-Tos,  suspended ;  and  jiofxjivKLOV ,  cocoon. 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC,  XXXIV.  OCTOHER,    1908. 


350  AMERICAN    MICRO- LEPIDOPTERA. 

.grindeliella  WIsra.,  which  is  also  sometimes  an  upperside  miner.  The 
loosened  epidermis  is  very  much  wrinkled  longitudinally  at  maturity. 

The  species  of  this  subgenus  pupate  in  an  elongate,  dense,  white 
cocoon  (Plate  XX,  Fig.  13),  sometimes  ornamented  with  longitudi- 
nal ridges.  This  cocoon  is  suspended  inside  the  mine  by  two  slightly 
diverging  silken  threads  at  the  posterior  end,  and  by  either  one  or 
two  threads  at  the  anterior  end. 

The  markings  of  the  forewings  consist  of  a  more  or  less  distinctly 
developed  basal  streak ;  four  white  costal  streaks,  and  two  or  three 
dorsal  streaks.  There  may  be  one  or  two  more  or  less  distinctly 
angulated  fascise,  formed  by  the  confluence  of  opposite  streaks. 

The  species  herein  included  represent  a  more  ancestral  type,  more 
nearly  related  to  the  Gracilaria  group  of  genera. 

One  species,  solidaginis  Frey  and  Boll,  is  found  from  the  Atlantic 
to  the  Pacific ;  the  other  species  have  a  more  limited  range. 

The  species  may  be  separated  by  the  following  table: 

A.  Basal  streak  distinct,  reaching  almost  to  or  beyond  the  basal  fourth. 

B.  With  an  angulated  fascia  at  one-fourth grindeliella. 

BB.  Without  a  fascia  at  one-fourth. 

C.  Basal  streak  narrow,  pointed,  unmargined NOlidagiiiis. 

CC.  Basal  streak  much  dilated  posteriorly anibrosiella. 

AA.  Basal  streak  minute  or  wanting. 

B.  Markings  with  a  brilliant  silver  lustre;  costal  and  dorsal  streaks  at  three- 
fourths  never  confluent ignola. 

BB.  Markings  not  so  brilliant;  an  angulated  fascia  at  three-fourths. 

verbesinella. 

Cremastoboiubycia  grindeliella  Walsiugham. 
Plate  XXIV,  Figs.  16,  22. 
Lithocollelis  grindeliella  Walsiugham,  Ins.  Life,  iii,  327,  1891.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U. 
S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6299. 

'•Antennaj  dull  gray,  with  slightly  paler  annulations.  Palpi  grayish.  Crown 
tufted  with  mixed  iron  gray  and  reddish  brown  scales ;  face  grayish.  Thorax 
ferruginous. 

"  Forewings  pale  ferruginous,  dusted  with  iron  gray  and  clouded  with  black- 
ish scales  beyond  the  middle  of  the  wing  to  the  apex  ;  three  whitish  costal  streaks, 
very  indistinct,  at  about  equal  distances  apart,  the  first  and  second  of  which  are 
outwardly  oblique  and  are  met  at  a  somewhat  acute  angle  on  the  middle  of  the 
wing  by  two  even  less  distinct  dorsal  streaks,  faintly  dark  margined  externally  ; 
the  third  is  a  mere  spot,  oppo-site  which  is  a  small  spot  at  the  base  of  the  cilia  at 
the  anal  angle;  immediately  preceding  the  apex  is  a  conspicuous  curved  white 
costal  spot  divided  from  a  smaller  and  less  conspicuous  one  below  it  by  the 
cloudy  streak  of  black  scales  which  runs  to  the  apex  ;  cilia  with  a  ferruginous 
tinge,  becoming  gray  at  and  within  the  anal  angle,  and  having  a  few  black  scales 
below  the  apex. 


ANNETTE    F.    BRAUN.  351 

"Hind  wings  and  cilia  gray.  Abdomen  dull  gray;  anal  tuft  pale.  Legs  whit- 
ish, tarsal  joints  unspotted,  tibiae  barred  with  gray  externally.     Expanse  8  mm." 

With  the  exception  of  the  onii.ssion  of  any  mention  of  the  basal 
streak,  which  is  confluent  with  the  flrst  fascia  just  below  the  fold, 
the  above  description  by  Lord  Walsinghani  is  tliat  of  the  typical 
form  of  the  species,  in  which  the  first  f{\.scia  attains  the  dorsal  mar- 
gin. In  another  variety  (Fig.  22,  Plate  XXIV),  the  first  fascia 
ends  abruptly  just  below  its  angle  and  does  not  unite  with  ihe  basal 
streak.     All  gradations  exist  between  these  two  varieties. 

The  species  was  originally  described  from  a  specimen  from  Ala- 
meda Co. ;  I  have  bred  a  large  series  from  Marin  Co.,  California. 

The  mines  occur  upon  either  the  upper  or  lower  surface  of  leaves 
of  GrindeUa  rohusta.  In  the  upperside  mines  the  leaf  is  more  con- 
tracted and  the  epidermis  is  thrown  into  more  distinct  folds  than  is 
the  case  in  the  lower  side  mines.  The  elongate  white  silken  cocoon 
is  attached  at  its  posterior  end  by  two  fine  threads,  and  at  its  ante- 
rior end  by  a  rather  broad  band  of  silk. 

Creinastoboiiibycia  solidaginis  Frey  and  Boll. 

Plate  XXIV,  Fig.  17. 

Lithocolletis  solidaginis  Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  eut.  Zeit.,  xxxvii,  223,  1876. — Dyar, 

Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mas.,  1902.  No.  6298. 
Syn.  solidaginisella  Chambers,  Jn.  Cin.  See.  Nat.  Hist.,  ii,  190,  1880. 

Antennse  grayish,  distinctly  annulate  with  dark  brown.  Face  and  palpi  yel- 
lowish white.  Tuft  brownish  ocherous,  white  at  the  sides.  Thorax  and  fore- 
wings  reddish  ocherous;  a  white  stripe  on  each  side  of  the  thorax  continuous 
with  a  rather  indistinct  whitish  basal  streak  on  the  forewings  below  the  fold, 
ending  at  one-third.  Four  white  costal  streaks,  of  which  the  first  two  are  oblique, 
and  situated  at  one-third  and  at  the  middle  of  the  wing  length  respectively.  The 
third  is  at  two-thirds,  and  nearly  perpendicular  and  the  fourth  just  before  the 
apex  and  inwardly  oblique.  All  are  dark  maigined  externally  with  dark  brown, 
the  margin  of  the  last  forming  the  dusting  of  the  apex.  A  long,  oblique  dorsal 
streak  commences  near  the  middle  of  the  dorsal  margin  ;  its  dark  margin  usually 
unites  with  that  of  the  second  costal ;  sometimes  the  streaks  themselves  unite. 
Opposite  the  third  costal  an  oblique  dorsal  streak  is  indicated  by  a  slightly 
lighter  shade  and  a  few  dark  scales  behind  it.  Hinder  marginal  line  in  the  cilia 
brownish,  rather  indistinct.     Cilia  ocherous.     Alar  expanse  7-9  mm. 

Hind  wings  and  cilia  ocherous  gray.  Abdomen  gray  ;  anal  tuft  ocherous.  Legs 
whitish,  banded  with  ocherous;  tarsal  joints  tipped  with  black. 

A  common  species  in  the  United  States,  making  elongate,  much 
wrinkled  mines  upon  the  under  surface  of  leaves  of  goldeurod,  Soli- 
dago.  The  dense  white  cocoon,  marked  with  longitudinal  ridges,  is 
suspended  hammock-like  within  the  mine,  by  a  single  silken  thread 

TEANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC.  XXXIV.  OCTOBER,  1908. 


352  AMERICAN    MICRO- LEPIDOPTERA. 

at  the  anterior  end  and  by  two  diverging  threads  at  the  posterior 
end.  Wlien  the  imago  emerges  the  pupa  case  is  thrust  through  the 
upper  epidermis. 

C'reuiasfobombycia  ambrosiella  Chambers. 

Plate  XXIV,  Fig.  18. 

LithoeoUetis  ambrosiella  Chambers,  Can.  Ent.,  iii,  127,  1871. — Ciu.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci., 

ii,  100,  1875.— Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxvii,  221, 1876  ;  xxxix, 

267,  1878.— Walsingham,  Ins.  Life,  ii,  54,  1889.— Djar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S. 

Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6321. 
Syn.  amcena  Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxix,  269,  1878.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U. 

S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6285. 
Antennge  gray,  annulate  with  dark  brown.    Face  and  palpi  whitish,  sometimes 
with  a  deep  blue-gray  metallic  lustre. 

Thorax  and  forewings  reddish  saffron.  A  fine  white  line  on  each  side  of  the 
thorax  is  continuous  with  a  short  basal  streak  broadening  toward  the  end,  where 
it  is  faintly  dark  margined.  At  the  basal  fourth  is  an  oblique  white  costal 
streak,  dark  margined  externally.  Very  rarely  there  is  a  minute  white  spot  on 
the  dorsal  margin,  with  a  few  black  scales  behind  it.  About  the  middle  is  a 
white  fascia,  sometimes  augulated,  margined  with  black  behind  and  with  a 
slightly  darker  shade  before.  At  the  beginning  of  the  cilia  there  is  a  white  cos- 
tal streak  and  a  slightly  oblique  dorsal  one  opposite,  both  dark  margined  behind 
and  faintly  so  before.  Just  before  the  apex  is  a  curved  white  streak,  sometimes 
attaining  the  dorsal  margin,  with  a  few  dark  scales  behind  it  in  the  apex  of  the 
wing.  Cilia  of  the  wing  color,  grayish  toward  thetornus.  Expanse  5.5-6.5  mm. 
Hindwings  gray,  cilia  with  a  fulvous  tinge.  Abdomen  gray,  somewhat  metal- 
lic, tuft  tinged  with  ocherous.  Legs  fuscous,  tarsi  white,  broadly  annulate  with 
black. 

Widely  distributed  in  the  east,  also  occurring  as  far  south  and 
west  as  Texas  (Boll),  The  larvse  mine  the  leaves  of  Ambrosia  trifida 
L.  and  Ambrosia  artemisiaefolia  (L.)  Britton,  and  of  Verbesina  alter- 
nifolia  (L.)  Britton  (Actinomeris  sqiiarrosa  Nutt,).  The  mine  is  very 
small,  placed  upon  the  under  suface,  and  is  not  visisble  on  the  upper- 
side  as  an  inflated  swelling,  as  is  that  oi' ignota.  The  dense  white 
fusiform  cocoon,  suspended  hammock-like  in  the  mine,  has  a  smooth 
surface,  lacking  entirely  the  longitudinal  ridges  characteristic  of  that 
of  ignota. 

Easily  distinguished  from  ignota  in  its  early  stages,  the  imagoes 
may  be  distinguished  from  that  species  by  the  broad  white  basal 
streak,  which  in  the  form  described  by  Frey  and  Boll  as  amana, 
attains  the  dorsal  margin ;  by  the  absence  of  the  brilliant  silvery 
lustre  of  the  white  markings.  Ama;na  lacks  the  dark  margins  pres- 
ent on  the  type  of  ambrosiella.  Bred  specimens  show  great  varia- 
tion in  the  distinctness  of  these  margins. 


ANNETTE    F.    BRAUX.  353 

Cremastoboiiibycia  ignota  Frey  and  Boll. 
Plate  XXIV,  Figs.  19,  20. 
Lithocolleti!^  ignota  Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xsxiv,  215,  1873. — Chambers, 
Cin.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  i,  206,  1874. ;  ii,  230,  1875.— Walsinghani,  Ins.  Life, 
ii,  54,  119,  1889.— Dyar,  Bull.  52.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6320. 
Syn.  hostonica  Frey  and  Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxiv,  216,  1873. — Chambers,  Cin. 
Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  i,  206,  1874;  ii,  230,  1875.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat. 
Mus.,  1902,  No.  6319. — helianthisella  Chambers,  Cin.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  i, 
205,  1874.— helianthivorella  Chambers,  Cin.  Quart.  Jn.  Sci.,  ii,  100, 1875. 
elephantopodella  Frey  and   Boll,  Stett.  ent.  Zeit.,  xxxix,  268,  1878. — 
Busck,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  xxiii,  247,  1900.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S. 
Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6322. — actinomeridis  Frey  and   Boll,  Stett.  ent. 
Zeit,  xxxix,  268,  1878.— Dyar,  Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6324. 
Antennie  brownish  gray,  annulate  with  darker.     Face  and  palpi  pale  golden. 
Tuft  reddish  saffron,  intermixed  with  white. 

Thorax  and  forewings  deep  reddish  saffron.  A  fine  white  line  on  each  side  of 
the  thorax  is  continuous  with  a  very  indistinct  wnd  short  basal  silvery  streak 
beneath  the  fold,  consisting  of  a  few  scales.  At  the  basal  fourth  of  the  wing  is 
an  oblique  silvery  costal  streak,  black  margined  externally,  and  sometimes  on 
the  costa  before;  rarely  entirely  unmargined.  On  the  dorsal  margin,  slightly 
nearer  the  base,  is  a  small  dorsal  spot,  sometimes  represented  by  but  two  or  three 
silvery  scales,  rarely  margined  behind  with  one  or  two  dark  scales.  At  the  mid- 
dle of  the  wing  is  a  silvery  fascia,  varying  from  nearly  straight  to  acutely  angled. 
In  the  former  case  the  fascia  is  broader,  strongly  margiued  externally  and  on 
the  costa  before  with  black.  In  those  specimens  having  a  distinctly  angulated 
fascia,  the  fascia  is  narrower,  sometimes  interrupted  at  the  angle,  its  external 
black  margin  less  distinct,  and  usually  not  dark  margined  internally.  At  the 
apical  third  are  two  opposite  rather  large,  perpendicularly  placed  silvery  streaks, 
black  margined  behind,  and  the  costal  one  sometimes  on  the  costa  before.  Just 
before  the  apex  is  an  outwardly  concave  silvery  costal  streak,  sometimes  attain- 
ing the  dorsal  margin,  and  sometimes  with  a  few  black  scales  befoi'e.  Behind  it, 
in  the  apical  portion  of  the  wing,  are  a  few  black  scales.  Cilia  slightly  paler 
than  the  wing  color,  shading  to  gray  toward  the  tornus.     Expanse  6.5-7.5  mm. 

Hindwings  and  cilia  brownish  gray,  the  latter  with  a  purplish  lustre.  Abdo- 
men above  dark  brown,  with  a  metallic  lustre.  Legs  fuscous,  all  the  tarsi  annu- 
late with  black. 

Widely  distributed,  occurring  from  Massachusetts  to  Texas,  and 
feeding  on  various  species  of  Com posita).  Among  its  recorded  food 
plants  are  Verbesina  alternifolia  (L.)  Britton  {=--Actinomeris  squar- 
rosa  Nutt. ),  Elephantopus  Carolmianns  Willd.  and  Verbesma  Vir- 
ginica  L.  These  three  are  the  food  plants  recorded  by  Boll  from 
Texas.  Mr.  August  Busck  bred  the  species  from  Elcphantopus 
Carolinianus  Willd.,  at  Washington,  D.  C,  and  Mr.  Chambers  on 
Helianthns  gUjantexis  L.  from  Kentucky. 

The  rather  large  tentiform  mine  occurs  on  the  lower  surface  of 
the  leaf     The  loosened  epidermis  becomes  much  wrinkled  in  the 

TRANS.  AM.  ENT.  SOC,  XXXIV.  (45)  DKCEMBEK,    1908. 


354  AMERICAN    MICRO-I.EP1DOPTERA. 

later  stages,  and  tlie  mine  is  distinctly  visible  on  the  npper  surface 
as  a  tubercular  swelling.  The  larva,  which  is  pale  in  the  earlier 
stages,  becomes  dark  brown  just  before  pupation.  The  dense  white 
elongate  cocoon,  ornamented  with  longitudinal  ridges,  is  suspended 
in  the  mine  at  each  end  by  two  silken  threads. 

The  series  of  specimens  from  which  the  above  description  was 
made  were  bred  from  mines  cm  Verbesbui  alternifolvx  (L.)  Britton 
at  Cincinnati,  Ohio.  Frey's  description  of  actiaomeridis  is  applica- 
ble to  those  specimens  having  the  straighter  fascia,  and  heavier 
margins  of  the  silvery  marks.  A  specimen  bred  by  Mr.  August 
Busck  on  Elephantopus  Garolinianus  Willd.  is  identical  with  these. 
The  description  of  elephaatopodella  agrees  with  those  specimens 
having  the  augulated  fascia,  and  narrower  and  less  distinctly  dark 
margined  silvery  marks.  Frey  has  described  igiwta  aA  having  un- 
spotted hind  tarsi ;  in  none  of  my  series  is  this  true.  This  variation 
in  the  markings  of  the  tarsi  occurs  frequently,  and  cannot  be  con- 
sidered of  specific  value.  Chambers'  types  of  helianthivorella  all 
have  the  hind  tarsi  distinctly  annulate  with  black,  show  considera- 
ble variation  in  the  angulation  of  the  silvery  fascia,  and  have  the 
minute  basal  streak. 

Creinastobonibycia  verbesinella  Busck. 
Plate  XXIV,  Fig.  21. 

LithocoUe.tis  verbe.sinella  Busck.,  Proc.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  xxiii,  246,  1900. — Dyar, 
Bull.  52,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1902,  No.  6323. 
''Antenna!  silvery  white,  with  black  annulations,  last  four  or  five  joints  white. 
Labial  palpi  silvery  white.  Face  golden  iridescent  white;  tuft  on  head  reddish 
yellow,  with  a  few  white  scales.  Thorax  and  forewing  deep  golden  yellowish 
brown.  At  basal  third  is  a  silvery  white  costal  streak  directed  outward,  strongly 
margined  externally  with  black.  At  the  middle  of  the  wing  is  a  silvery  white, 
outwardly  ingulated  fascia,  and  at  the  beginning  of  costal  cilia  another  similar 
one,  both  strongly  margined  externally  with  black.  Just  before  apex  is  a  third 
small  silvery  white  fascia  with  a  few  scattered  black  scales  externally.  Cilia 
light  golden  yellow.  Hindwings  dark  silvery  gray,  cilia  a  shade  lighter.  Abdo- 
men above  dark  gray;  underside  silvery  and  golden  yellow.  Legs  silvery,  with 
broad  black  annulations.     Alar  expanse  6.4  mm." 

Described  as  above  by  Mr.  August  Busck  from  a  single  specimen 
bred  from  Verbesina  Virginica,  collected  at  Palm  Beach,  Florida, 
by  Dr.  Dyar. 

Mr.  Busck  has  given  the  following  note  upon  the  early  stages  : 
"  The  larva  makes  a  roomy  tent-shaped  mine  on  the  underside  with 
the  lower  epidermis  much  wrinkled  longitudinally,  and  ()upates  in 
an  elongate  white  cocoon  suspended  at  both  ends  like  a  hammock 
insi<lo  the  mine.     Larva  l)elongs  to  the  cylindrical  group." 


ANNETTE    F.     BRAUN. 


355 


liithocolletis  Hiibner. 

2 


fitcliella  Clem. 
leucothovax  Wlsm. 
bataviella  sp.  nov. 
trinotella  Braun. 
quercialbella  Fitch. 
clemensella  Cham. 
argentifimbiiella  Clem. 
lucidicostella  Clem,. 
albanotella  Cham. 
insignis  Wlsm. 
hageni  Frey  and  Boll. 
arbutnsella  sp.  nov. 
obscuricostella  Clem. 
ostrysefoliella  Clem. 
rileyella  Cham. 
kearfottella  Braun. 
carysealbella  Cham. 
olivfeformis  sp.  nov. 
martiella  sp.  nov. 
genimea  Frey  and  Boll. 
morrisella  Fitch. 
nhlerella  Fitch. 
robiniella  Clem. 
auronitens  Frey  and  Boll. 

diaphanella  Frey  and  Boll. 

niinutella  Frey  and  Boll. 
scuddevella  Frey  and  Boll. 
ledella  Wlsm. 
salicivorella  Braun. 
deceptusella  Cham. 

alnicolella  Wlsm. 

alni  Cham. 

malinialifoliella  Braun. 

crategella  Clem. 

propinquinella  sp.  nov. 

incanella  I17s7n. 

populiella  Cham. 

sexnotella  Cham. 

feriferella  Clem. . 

obsoleta  Frey  and  Boll. 

argentinotella  Clem. 

OGcitanica  Frey  and  Boll. 

apicinigrella  sp.  nov. 

basistrigella  Clem. 

celtisella  Cham. 

lucetiella  Clem. 

symphoricarjiella  Cham. 

ostensackenella  Fitch. 

tritjenianella  Cham. 

affinis  Frey  and  Boll. 

TEANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV. 


LIST  OF  SPECIES. 

marieeella  Cham. 
tiliacella  Cham. 
oregonensis  Wlsm. 
fragilella  Frey  and  Boll. 
salicifoliella  Clem. 
tremuloidiella  Braun. 
ceitifoliella  Cham. 
?  Ivsiniachijeella  Cham. 


gaultheriella  Wlsm. 
ueinoris  TT7sm. 
carvffifoliella  Clem. 
lentella  sp.  nov. 
saccharella  Braun. 
niacioraipella  Frey  and  Boll. 
cincinnatiella  Cham. 
haniadryadella  Clem. 
unihellularifE  Wlsm. 
agrifoliella  Brann. 
conglomerate! la  Zell. 
ulniella  Cham. 
quercivorella  Cham. 
niediodor.«ella  .sp.  nov. 
anstralisella  Cham. 
cbamber.«ella  Wlsm. 
cervina  Wlsm. 
platanoidiella  Braun. 
fletcherella  sp.  uov. 
arcuella  Braun. 
betulivora  Wlsm. 
eppelsheimii  Frey  and  Boll. 
betlmtiella  Cham. 
fasciella  Wl.^m. 
casta II ewella  Cham. 
guttifinitella  Clem. 
obstrictella  Clem. 
corylisella  Cham. 
jescniisella  Cham. 
ostryarella  Cham. 
aceriella  Clem. 
hanianieliella  Busck. 
tubiferella  Clem. 

Porphyrosela  new  subg. 
desniodielhi  Clem. 

CreniH!«tol»oniby€'iH  new  suhg. 
grindeliella  HV.srn. 
solidaginis  Frey  and  Boll. 
ambrosiella  Cham. 
ignota  Frey  and  Boll. 
verbesinella  Busck. 

DECEMBER,  190H. 


356 


AMERICAN    MICKO-LEPIDOPTERA. 


INDEX  OF  SPECIES. 
Italicized  uaraes  are  synonyms,  or  refer  to  European  species  formerly  included 

in  our  fauna. 


aceriella  Clem.,  323,  327,  346,  347. 
actinomeridis  F.  and  B.,  353,  354. 
senigmatella  F.  and  B.,  310. 
seriferella  Clem.,  275,  305. 
msculella  Riley,  344. 
ffisculisella  Cham.,  323,  344,  345. 
affinis  F.  and  B.,  277,  313. 
agrifoliella  Braun,  322,  331. 
alhanotella  Cham.,  275,  282. 
alni  Wlsm.,  269,  277,  299. 
alnicolella  Wlsm.,  277,  298,  300. 
alniella  Zell.,  270. 
alnivorella  Cham.,  269,  299. 
alternata  Cham.,  329. 
alternatella  Zell.,  329. 
ambrosiella  Cham.,  350,  352. 
amcena  F.  and  B.,  352. 
amorphx  F.  and  B.,  292. 
amorphxella  Cham.,  292. 
amphicarpxella  Cham.,  291. 
arbutusella  sp.  nov.,  275,  285. 
apicinigrella  sp.  nov.,  276,  307. 
arcuella  Braun,  323,  338. 
argentifimbriella  Clem.,  275,  280,  281. 
argentinotella  Clem.,  276,  306,  307,  336. 
atomariella  Zell.,  316,  317. 
auronitens  F.  and  B.,  276,  293. 
australisella  Cham.,  323,  335. 
basistrigella  Clem.,  276,  308. 
bataviella  .s;j.  nov.,  274,  278. 
bethunella  Cham.,  323,  337,  338,  340. 
bethuniella  Dyar,  340. 
betulivora  Wlsm.,  323,  339. 
blancardella  Fab.,  270,  298,  301,  302. 
bicolorella  Cham.,  332. 
bifasciella  Cham.,  342,  343,  344. 
bifascidla  Wlsm.,  344. 
bolliella  Dyar,  311. 
bo.stonica  F.  and  B.,  353. 
caryiinilbella  Cham.,  275,  289. 
carysefoliella  Clem.,  322,  325. 
caryalbella  Wlsm.,  289. 
casta neseel la  Cham.,  323,  341. 
castanella  Wlsm.,  341. 
celtifoliclla  Cham.,  274,  310,  319. 


celtisella  Cham.,  276,  309,  310,  319. 
ceriferse  Wlsm.,  342,  343. 
cervina  Wlsm.,  323.  336. 
chambersella  Wlsm.,  323,  336. 
cincinnatiella  Cham..  322,  328,  329,  331. 
clemensella  Cham.,  275,  280. 
conglomeratella  Zell.,  322,  332,  334,  335. 
consimilella  F.  and  B.,  312. 
coryliella  Cham.,  344. 
coryliselia  Cham.,  323,  344,  345. 
cratsegella  Clem.,  270,  277,  298,  300,  301, 

302. 
deceptusella  Cham.,  276,  298. 
desmodiella  Clem.,  271,  348,  349. 
diaphanella  F.  and  B..  276,  294. 
elephanlopodella  F.  and  B.,  353,  354. 
eppelsheimii  F.  and  B.,  323,  339. 
faginella  Zell.,  270. 
fasciella  TT7sm..  323,  341. 
fitchella  Clem.,  274,  275,  277,  288. 
fletcherella  sp.  nov.,  323,  338. 
fragilella  F.  and  B.,  277,  315. 
fnscocostella  Cham.,  281. 
gaultheriella  Wlsm..  322,  324. 
geinmea  F.  and  B.,  274,  276,  290. 
grcfjarieUa  Murtf.,  348,  349. 
grindeliella  Wlsm..  350. 
gutti finite  11a  Clem,  323,  342. 
bageni  F.  and  B.,  275,  284. 
hartiadryadella  Clem.,  322,  329. 
hamadryella  Dyar,  329. 
hamameliella  Busck,  323,  347. 
hamamelis  347. 
heiianthisella  Cham.,  353. 
helianthivorella  Cham.,  353,  354. 
ignota  F.  and  B.,  350,  352,  353,  354. 
incanella  Wlsm.,  276,  302. 
insignis  Wlsm.,  275,  283. 
intermedia  F.  and  B.,  308. 
juglandiella  Clem.,  325. 
kearfottella  Braun,  275,  288. 
lebertella  F.  and  B.,  340. 
led  el  la  Wlsm.,  277,  296. 
lentella  .sp.  nov.,  322,  326. 
leucothorax  Wl-tm.,  276,  278. 


ANNETTE    F.    BRAUN. 


357 


longirostrata,  281. 
longistriata  F.  and  B.,  281. 
lucetiella  Clem.,  277,  310. 
lucidicostella  Clem.,  274,  275,  281. 
ludicostella  Eiley,  281. 
lysimachiseella  Cham.,  320. 
macrocarpella  F.  and  B.,  322,  328,  331. 
malimalifoliella  Braun,  27fi,  300,  301. 
marifeella  Cham.,  277,  313. 
mariella  Eiley,  313. 
martiella  sp.  nov.,  276,  290. 
mediodorsella  sp.  nov.,  322,  335. 
minutella  F.  and  B.,  277,  294. 
mirifica  F.  and  B.,  287. 
modesfa  F.  and  B.,  333. 
morrisella  Fitch,  274,  276,  291,  292. 
necospinusella  Cham.,  284. 
nemoris  Wlsm.,  322.  324. 
nonfasciella  Cham.,  309. 
obsciiricostella  Clem.,  275,  286. 
obsoleta  F.  and  B.,  275,  306. 
obsoletella  Cham.,  306. 
obstrictella  Clem.,  323,  342,  343. 
obtusilobee  F.  and  B.,  332. 
occitanica  F.  and  B.,  276,  307. 
olivseformis  sp.  nov.,  275,  289. 
oregonensis  Wlsm.,  277,  314. 
oniatella  Cham.,  311. 
osteusackenella  Fitch,  271,  273,  277,  311. 
ostrysefoliella  Clem.,  275,  286. 
ostryarella  Cham.,  323,  344,  345. 
platanoidiella  Braun,  323,  337. 
populiella  Cham.,  276,  303,  318. 
propinquiuella  sp.  wot".,  277,  302. 
pseiulacaciella  Fitch,  292. 
pusillifoliella  F.  and  B.,  309. 
quercialbella  Fitch,  274,  279,  280. 


qtiercibella  Cham.,  279. 
quercifoliella  Fitch,  277. 
quercipulchella  Cham.,  279. 
guercipulchrella  Eiley,  279. 
quercitorum  F.  and  B.,  277. 
quercivorella  Cham.,  322,  334,  335. 
quinquenotella  Cham.,  336. 
rileyella  Cham.,  275,  287. 
robiuiella  Clem.,  275,  291,  292. 
saccharella  Braun,  322,  327,  346. 
salicifoliella  Clem.,  274,  316,  318. 
salicivoiella  Braun,  276,  297. 
scudderella  F.  and  B.,  276,  295,  296. 
sexnotella  Cham.,  275,  304,  305. 
solidaginis  F.  and  B.,  271,  350,  351. 
solidaginisella  Cham.,  351. 
subaureola  F.  and  B.,  282,  283. 
symphoricarpella  Cham.,  277,  311. 
symphoricarpella  F.  and  B.,  311. 
tenuistrigata  F.  and  B.,  287. 
texanella  Zell.,  291. 
tiliieella  Cham.,  314. 
tiliacella  Cham.,  277,  314. 
tiliella  Wlsm.,  314. 
toxicodendri  F.  and  B.,  342. 
tremuloidiella  Braun,  274,  317. 
trifasciella  F.  and  B.,  315. 
trinotella  Braun,  274,  279. 
tritrenianella  Cham.,  277,  312,  313. 
tritieniella,  312. 

tubiferella  Clem.,  323,  347.  348. 
uhlerella  Fitch.  274,  276,  291,  292. 
ulmella  Cham.,  322,  333,  334,  335. 
umbellulariffi  Wlsm.,  322,  330,  332. 
xoiifasciella  Cham.,  341. 
verbesiuella  Busck,  350,  354. 
virginiella  Cham.,  286,  313. 


EI{Il.4T.4. 

Page  289,  line  9  from  the  top,  read  golden  instead  of  golded. 

Page  291,  line  3  from  the  bottom,  read  Argt/romiges  instead  of  Argyromigea. 

Page  294,  line  17  from  the  top,  read  follow  two  very  small  instead  of  folloiv  very  sm^Il. 

Page  296,  last  word  of  line  2  from  the  bottom,  should  be  anal  instead  of  and. 

Page  301,  line  26  from  the  top,  read  almost  instead  of  also. 

Page  336,  line  4  from  the  bottom,  read  is  instead  of  in. 


TEANS.  AM.  KNT.  SOC.  XXXIV. 


DECBHBEB,  1908. 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  XX. 


1.  Venation  of  Lithocolletis  hageni. 

2.  "  "             "             lucidicosteUa. 

3.  "  "             "             robinieUa. 

4.  "  "             "             hamadryadella. 

5.  "  "             "             conglomeratella. 

6.  "  "    Cremastobombycia  solidaginis. 

7.  "  "                   "                ignota. 

8.  "  "    Porphyrosela  desmodiella. 

9.  Head  of  Lithocolletis  lucidicosteUa. 

10.  Flat  larva,  L.  agrifoliella. 

11.  Cylindrical  larva,  L.  lucidicosteUa. 

12.  Mine  and  cocoon  of  L.  conglomeratella. 

13.  "  "             "      C.  solidaginis. 


Trans.  Am.  Eut.  Soc,  Vol   XXXIV. 


PI.  XX. 


BRAUN   ON    LITHOCOLLETIS. 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  XXL 

1.  Lithocolletis  fitcheUa  Clem. 

2.  "  leucothorax  Wlsm.,  type,  U.  S.  N.  M. 

3.  "  bataviella  sp.  nov.,  type. 

4.  "  trinotella  Braun,  type,  coll.  W.  D.  Kearfott. 

5.  "  quercialbella  Fitch. 

6.  "  clemensella  Cham. 

7.  "  argentifimbriella  Clem. 

8.  "  lucidicostella  Clem. 

9.  "  albanotelJa  Cham. 

10.  "  insignin  Wlsm.,  type,  U.  S.  N.  M. 

11.  "  hageni  Frey  and  Boll. 

12.  "  arbntimella  sp.  nov.,  type,  U.  S.  N.  M. 

13.  "  obscuricostella  Clem. 

14.  "  ostrysefoliella  Clem. 

15.  "  rileyella  Cham.,  type,  U.  S.  N.  M. 

16.  "  kearfotteUa  Braun,  type. 

17.  "  carywalbella  Cham.,  type,  Mus.  Comp.  Zool. 

18.  "  olivxforinis  sp.  nov.,  type,  U.  S.  N.  M. 

19.  "  marlieUa  sp.  nov.,  type,  U.  S.  N.  M. 

20.  "  gemmea  F.  and  B.,  type,  Mus.  Comp.  Zool. 

21.  "  morrisella  Fitch. 

22.  "  uhlerella  Fitch. 

23.  "  robiniella  Clem. 

24.  "  auronitens  F.  and  B.,  type,  Mus.  Comp.  Zool. 


Trans.  Am.  Eut.  Soc,  Vol.  XXXIV. 


PI.  XXI. 


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BRAUN   ON    LITHOCOLLETIS. 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  XXII. 


LithocoUetis  diaphanella  F.  and  B. 

"  scudderella  F.  and  B. 

'•  ledella  Wlsm.,  type,  U.  S.  N.  M. 

"  salicivorella  Braun,  type,  coll.  W.  D.  Kearfott. 

"  deceptusella  Cham.,  type,  Mus.  Comp.  Zool. 

'■  alnicolella  Wlsra.,  type,  U.  S.  N.  M. 

"  malimalifoliellu  Braun,  type. 

"  cratsegella  Clem. 

"  propinquinella  sp.  no'^.,  type. 

''  incanella  Wlsm.,  type,  U.  S.  N.  M. 

"  populiella  Cham. 

"  sexnotella  Cham. 

"  serif erella  Clem. 

"  obsoleta  F.  and  B.,  type,  Mus.  Comp.  Zool. 

"  argentinotella  Clem. 

"  apicinigrella  sp.  nov.,  cotype,  U.  S.  N.  M. 

"  basistrigella  Clem. 

"  ceUiseUa  Cham. 

"  lucetie.lla  Clem. 

"  symphoricarpella  Cham. 

"  ostensackenella  Fitch. 

"  tritsenianella  Cham. 

"  mariseella  Cham. 

"  tiliacella  Cham. 


Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc,  Vol.  XXXIV, 


PI.  XXII. 


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BRAUN   ON    LITHOCOLLETIS. 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  XXIII. 

1.  Lifhocolletis  frngilella  F.  and  B. 

2.  "  salicifoliella  Clem. 
3 

4.  "  tremuloidiella  Brauu,  type. 

5.  "  celtifoliella  Cham. 

6.  "  gaulfheriella  Wlsm. 

7.  "  nemoris  Wlsm.,  type,  U.  S.  N.  M. 

8.  "  carysefoliella  Clem. 

9.  "  lenteUa  sp.  nov.,  cotype. 

10.  "  saccharella  Braun,  type. 

11.  "  macrocarpella  F.  and  B. 

12.  "  cincinnatiella  Chan). 

13.  "  hamadryadella  Clem. 

14.  "  umbellidarias  Wlsm.,  type,  U.  S.  N.  M. 

15.  "  agrifoliella  Braun,  type. 

16.  "  conglomeratella  Zell. 

17.  "  ulmeUa  Cham. 

18.  "  quercivorella  Cham. 

19.  "  mediodorseUa  sp.  nov.,  type,  U.  S.  N.  M. 

20.  "  australiseJla  Cham.,  type,  Mus.  Comp.  Zool. 

21.  "  chambersellu  Wlsm.,  type.  Mus.  Comp.  Zool. 

22.  "  cervina  Wlsm.,  type,  U.  S.  N.  M. 

23.  "  platanoidiella  Braun,  type. 

24.  "  fletcherella  sp.  nov.,  type. 


Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  Vol.  XXXIV. 


PI.  XXIII. 


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BRAUN   ON    LITHOCOLLETIS. 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  XXIV. 


1.  LithocoUetis  arcnella  Braun,  type. 

2.  "  hetulivora  Wlsm. 

3.  "  bethunella  Cham. 

4.  "  fasciella  Wlsm. 

5.  "  castaneseella  Cham. 

6.  "  gidtifinitella  Clem. 

7.  ''  obstrictella  Clem. 

8.  "  corylisella  Cham. 

9.  '■  sesculisella  Cham. 

10.  "  ostryarella  Cham. 

11.  "  aceriella  Clem. 

12  '■           hamameliella  Busck. 

13.  "  tubiferella  Clem. 

14.  Porphijrosela  desmodiella  Clem. 
15 

16.  Cremanfohomhycia  grindeliella  Wlsm. 


17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 
21. 
22. 


solidaginis  F.  and  B. 
ambrosiella  Cham. 
ignota  F.  and  B. 


verbesinella  Busck,  type  U.  S.  N.  M. 
grindeliella  Wlsm. 

23.  LithocoUetis  apicinigrella  sp.  nov.,  cotype. 

24.  "  salicifoliella  C\em.  (atomariella  ZeW.). 


Trans.  Am.  Rnt.  Soc.  Vol.  XXXIV. 


I'l.  XXIV, 


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BRAUN   ON    LITHOCOLLETIS. 


CONTENTS. 


Revision  of  the  North  American  species  of  the  genus  Lithocol- 

letis  Hiibner.     By  Annette  F.  Braun    ....  269 


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