Veneer-log production and receipts, North Central Region, 1974

Historic, archived document

Do not assume content reflects current
scientific knowledge, policies, or practices.

4

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NORTH CENTRAL FOREST EX

te ,
FOREST SERVICE e U.S. DEPART

IU) Geis oo 4 BH oo la bom 6.6 6 6 4 6.8 oo Ss 6
(heelys ey A 5 Sen wo 8 oO 6 Oo oo oO OD Go me

THE AUTHORS

James E. Blyth, Principal Market Ana-
lyst, received his bachelor's degree in
forestry from Iowa State University in
1954, served 3 years in the Air Force as a
Procurement Officer, and received his mas-
ter's degree in forest economics from Iowa
State in 1960. He joined the Lake States
Forest Experiment Station in St. Paul,
Minnesota, in 1960 and worked on timber
removals research in Forest Survey. In-
1962 he transferred to the Duluth field of-
fice and did forest products marketing re-
search in the Lake States for 4 years. In
1966, he returned to the St. Paul Office of
the North Central Forest Experiment Station.
He is now in charge of the timber products
and removals phase of the Forest Resources
Evaluation Work Unit. He has authored more
than 40 papers on forest industries, forest
products marketing, and timber removals in
the North Central Region.

Jerold T. Hahn is a mensurationist for
the Forest Evaluation Research Project at
the Station. A graduate of the University
of Illinois, Hahn holds both a Bachelor of
Science and Master of Science in Forestry.
Jerold spent his first 2 years with the
North Central Station on a Forest Survey ~
field crew and the last 8 as a mensuration
and data-compilation expert specializing
in computer analysis. He has authored sev-
eral publications on volume and growth es-
timates, resource inventories, and forest
products output.

CONTENTS

Uwe

North Central Forest Experiment Station
John H. Ohman, Director

Forest Service - U.S. Department of Agriculture

Folwell Avenue
St. Paul, Minnesota 55108

1976

VENEER-LOG PRODUCTION AND RECEIPTS,

NORTH CENTRAL REGION, 1974

James E. Blyth and Jerold T. Hahn

This report of 1974 veneer-log pro-
duction and receipts’ in the North Central
Region is divided into two sections--Lake
States (Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan)
and Central States (Indiana, Illinois, Iowa,
and Missouri)--because different species are
grown and used as veneer logs in each area.
Moreover, less information can be released
about the Central States because more de-
tailed data would reveal the operations of
individual mills. Export data are reported
for Canada but not for other countries.

All but one veneer mill using North
Central Region timber in 1974 reported their
veneer-log receipts by species and State of
origin. Their cooperation is gratefully
acknowledged. Receipts were estimated for
the nonresponding mill. Statistics for one
large mill are not included in this report
to avoid disclosure of its operations
(fig. 1); data for the other large mill pre-
viously excluded are now included.

Of the 58 active veneer mills in the
Region in 1974, 40 were standard’ veneer
mills and 18 were container’ veneer mills.
From 1972 to 1974, one standard veneer mill
and one container veneer mill closed; three
standard veneer mills began operations.

LAKE STATES
Production

Lake States loggers harvested 68.7 mil-
lion board feet of veneer logs in 1974.

1Production ts the volume of veneer
logs cut from a spectfie area; recetpts are
the volume of veneer logs recetved by mills
in a spectfte area regardless of geographic
source.

2Commerctal, face, and spectalty veneer
mills that manufacture veneer used tn door-
skins, furniture, wall panels, spectalty
plywood, and simtlar items.

3Mills that manufacture veneers used
in boxes, crates, packing cases, and other
wood veneer contatners.

Five species comprised 84 percent of the to-
tal volume:

Thousand

board
Spectes feet
Aspen 24.3
Hard maple 7.
Red oak ae:
Elm Orer2
Yellow birch UP)

Most of the harvest (64.1 million
board feet) was standard veneer logs; the
remainder was container veneer logs.

Hard maple regained its position ahead
of red oak as a veneer species (fig. 2).
Excluding aspen, the major changes in veneer
log production between 1972 and 1974 were:

Thousand

board
Spectes feet Percent
Hard maple +2,451 +26
Red oak +1,404 +14
Elm +1,061 +21
Yellow birch -1,015 -20
Soft maple +976 +94

The long-term downtrend in the yellow
birch harvest continued in 1974.

Wisconsin produced 37.3 million board
feet of logs. Aspen and red oak were the
principal species cut. The elm harvest rose
1.3 million board feet from 1972, probably
because Dutch Elm Disease was spreading rap-
idly through Wisconsin and many high quality
logs were being salvaged from infected trees.
Walnut and red oak were the primary species
shipped outside the Lake States from
Wisconsin.

Michigan cut 25.9 million board feet of
veneer logs, principally from aspen, hard
maple, and yellow birch. The elm harvest
dropped below one-half million board feet,

Standard

Container

Standard

Container

Standard

Container

Standard

MINNESOTA
Name of mill

Diamond International co.2/
Wahkon Veneer Mills

Allen Wood Products, Inc.
Elk River Box Co.

Birchwood Lumber & Veneer Co.

Birchwood Mfg. Co.
Louisiana-Pacific Corp.
Louisiana-Pacific Corp.
Eggers Plywood Co.

Gillett Veneer & Plywood Co.
Linwood, Inc.

Larson Plywood Co., Inc.
Hatley Veneer Co., Inc.
Marion Plywood Corp.

Weber Veneer & Plywood Co.
Weyerhaeuser Co.

Wisconsin Timber & Land Co.
Brunette Box & Veneer
Dufeck Mfg. Co.

Ebner Box Factory

Konz Cantainer Co.

Seymour Woodenware Co.
Standard Container Co.

Anthony & Co.

Iron Wood Products
Manthei Bros.

Soo Hardwoods, Inc.

A. C. Hensel Mfg. Co.
Nelson R. Anderson Co.
Fruit Growers Package Co.
Michigan Crate & Basket
Riverside Package Co.

33 R. S. Bacon Veneer Co.
34 Iowa Veneers, Inc.

Location

Cloquet
Wahkon
Hopkins
Elk River

Birchwood
Rice Lake
Goodman
Mellen

Two Rivers
Gillett
Gillett
Sheboygan
Hatley
Marion
Shawano
Marshfield
Matoon
Rice Lake
Denmark
Cameron
Howard Grove
Seymour
Edgar

Escanaba
Bessemer
Petoskey

Sault Ste. Marie
Augusta
Stevensville
Paw Paw

Shelby

Riverside

Dubuque
Spencer

MISSOURL

Standard

Container

Vario Veneer Corp.
Missouri Valley Walnut Co.
Betz Tipton Veneer Co.
Crumbliss Wood Products

Pleasant Hill
St. Joseph
Caruthersville
Neosho

ILLINOIS

Figure 1.--Location of active veneer mtlls

tn the North Central Regton, 1974. 39 Swords Veneer & Lumber Co. Rock Island
40 The Martin Bros. Container

& Timber Products, Inc.

Standard
Container

Evansville Veneer Co. Evansville
Jasper Veneer Mills Jasper
Central Veneer, Inc. Indianapolis
Curry Miller Veneers, Inc. Indianapolis
Indiana Veneers, Inc. Indianapolis
David R. Webb Co. Edinburg
Amos Thompson Corp. Edinburg
Hill Bros. Veneer Co., Inc. Edinburg

B. L. Curry & Sons New Albany
Chester B. Stem, Inc. New Albany
Adams Custom Veneer Co. New Albany
National Veneer & Lumber Co. Seymour
Pierson-Holowell Co., Inc. Lawrenceburg
Roberts & Strack Veneer Co. Clarksville
Ford Sawmill Inc. (Veneer Div.) Vincennes
Theising Veneer Co., Inc. Mooresville
Farrell Box Co., Inc.

New Albany Box & Basket Co., Inc.

Standard

Container

1/ Receipts not recorded to avoid disclosure of
this mill.

operations at

HARD MAPLE

MILLION BOARD FEET

1966 1968 1970 1972 1974

Figure 2.--Veneer-log production of four
major species for selected years, Lake
States, 1966-1974.

probably because the quantity of elm remain-
ing in Michigan is small. Of the total cut,
39 percent was shipped to Wisconsin and 12
percent was shipped beyond the Lake States.
Important species shipped out-of-State were
hard maple, yellow birch, and red oak.

In Minnesota, 93 percent of the 5.4
million board feet of veneer logs cut was
procured by out-of-State mills. Cottonwood,
aspen, elm, and red oak were the dominant
species cut.

Mill Receipts

Lake States veneer mills received 67.5
million board feet of logs in 1974 including
imports of 4.1 million board feet. Imports
from Canada fell 1 million board feet (33
percent) compared to 1972 while log receipts
from other States (primarily Iowa) rose half
a million board feet. Excluding aspen,

major increases in demand over 1972 were for
hard maple, soft maple, and red oak.

Nineteen Wisconsin veneer mills re-
ceived 41.6 million board feet of logs, 5.1
million board feet more than in 1972. Red
oak, hard maple, and elm were the primary
species procured. One-fourth of the volume
came from Michigan including more than half
of the hard maple and yellow birch receipts.

Michigan's mills procured 25.3 million
board feet of veneer logs. Imports from
Canada were off 44 percent from 1972 and no
other wood was purchased outside the Lake
States.

Minnesota veneer plants received 0.6
million board feet of logs, up 17 percent
from 1972.

Plant Residue”

More than 99 percent of the coarse res-
idue generated at Lake States veneer mills
in 1974 was used. On the other hand, 36
percent of the fine residue and 41 percent
of the bark were not used. The primary use
(69 percent) for coarse residue was in fiber
products. Important uses for fine residue
were industrial fuel (32 percent) and fiber
products (28 percent). More than half (58
percent) the bark was used for industrial
fuel. Disposal problems appear to be sig-
nificant for fine residue and bark. The
only problem with coarse residue disposal
might be in finding higher value markets.

CENTRAL STATES
Production

Central States veneer-log production
continued to rebound in 1974 from the low
point in 1970 (fig. 3). The harvest was
29.1 million board feet, up 11 percent from
1972. Eighty-five percent (24.8 million
board feet) was standard veneer logs, the
remainder was used for container veneer.

“Plant restdue at veneer mills is
classed as: (1) bark; (2) coarse (wood)--
suttable for chtpping, such as veneer cores;
or (3) fine (wood)--not suttable for chtp-
ping, such as veneer clipptngs.

MILL RECEIPTS

MILLION BOARD FEET

Figure 3.--Veneer-log productton and mill
recetpts tn the Central States, 1956-
1974.

Principal species cut were:

Million

board
Spectes feet
Walnut 8.5
White oak Sey
Cottonwood 4.0
Red oak 2.9

Walnut and the oaks were used primar-
ily in furniture and decorative paneling.
Cottonwood was used chiefly for containers
and pallets.

Important harvest changes between 1972
and 1974 were:

Thousand

board
Spectes feet Percent
White oak +1,861 +56
Red oak Fl 2A, +70
Walnut -1,486 -15
Pecan (hickory) -1,232 -51

Red oak and white oak harvests were the
highest recorded in the last 2 decades.

Exports moved slightly higher (3 per-
cent) than in 1972 to 5.5 million board feet;
they were mainly to Kentucky (46 percent),
Wisconsin (34 percent), and Ohio (13 per-
cent).

Indiana loggers cut half of the Cen-
tral States veneer log volume. Iowa edged
out Illinois for second place in production
after being 1.5 million board feet behind in
1972. Only Missouri cut a smaller volume
of veneer logs than in 1972.

Mill Receipts

Twenty-six Central States mills re-
ceived 39.7 million board feet of veneer
logs in 1974, a rise of 4.7 million board
feet from 1972. These mills imported 16.2
million board feet of logs from 20 other
States and Canada including more than 1
million board feet from each of 6 States--
Ohio, Kentucky, Oklahoma, Wisconsin,
Michigan, and Pennsylvania. Major imports
included black cherry from Pennsylvania,
pecan from Oklahoma, and white oak from
Ohio.

Indiana's 18 veneer mills procured 76
percent of the total log receipts in 1974
including 85 percent or more of the black
cherry, hard maple, pecan, red oak, white
oak, and yellow-poplar.

Plant Residue

Most wood residue (90 percent) was
used so the only significant disposal prob-
lem may be in upgrading the uses. On the
other hand, 30 percent of the bark was dis-
posed of as waste, a significant increase
from only 12 percent in 1972. Industrial
fuel was the primary use for both wood and
bark residue.

APPENDIX

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Table 2.--Mills using five spectes of Lake States veneer
logs, by locatton, 1974
(In numbers)

Location : Red oak : Hard maple: Yellow birch:

Table 3.--Veneer-log production and recetpts in the Lake
States by species, 1972 and 1974
(In thousand board feet, International 1/4-inch log rule)

Production 2
: change:

Other species 57 337 +280 49 327° +278
+4823 39894 43230 +3336

Total

1/ Comparison was not meaninfgul because log production
and receipts for one veneer mill were included in 1974 but
not in previous years.

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10

Table 5.--Veneer-log production for selected
years and type of tndustry, Lake States,
1946-1974
(In million board feet, International

1/4-inch log. rule)

; Standard * Container : Total

7
2
7
6
6.
7.
5.
4
5
4
4

NDNNODOWOWORAAUL LS

Table 6.--Lake States veneer-log production, recetpts, exports, and
tmports for selected years, 1946-1972
(In million board feet, International 1/4-inch log rule)

: Produced in the Lake: 1/ : 2/ : Total : Total
: States and received : Exported— : Imported— :production in: receipts in
: at Lake States Mills: : : Lake States : Lake States

fo)
.

WFwWUUNhY Ub FE
WUNOWOrRNUFNHOWHEEDWWO
RFPNNHNODANUNOKRRFNOW

From Lakes States to other States and Canada.
/ From other States and Canada into Lakes States.

1
2

Table 7.--Veneer-log recetpts in the Lake States by speetes groups
for selected years, 1952-1974

Red : White : Paper : Other
oak : oak : birch: s

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Includes paper birch.
Includes soft maple.
Includes white oak.

Includes ash and cottonwood.

IFleinie
~~

Table 8.--Productton and disposttton of
hardwood veneer plant residue by type
of restdue and use, Lake States, 1974

(In thousand cubic feet)

State and 3 Wood residue g Bark
type of use : Total :Coarse 1/: Fine 2/ 3
Michigan
Fiber products 625.6 625.6 -- --
Industrial fuel 166.6 232 143.4 144.1
Domestic fuel 16.0 16.0 -- --
Miscellaneous 3/ 38.9 38.9 -- 16.8
Not used 4/ 1001.6 5.4 996.2 624.0
Total 1848.7 709.1 1139.6 784.9
Minnesota
Industrial fuel Died: 2.4 Darl: Ba
Domestic fuel 10.3 9.8 iD 8.0
Miscellaneous 3/ 8.0 3.6 4.4 --
Not used 4/ MW Saf: -- lysed 6.1
Total 41.1 15.6 25153 PSS)
Wisconsin
Fiber products E53 1:3. 685.2 846.1 _
Industrial fuel LOD 7 ci7, 190.3 827.4 1060.3
Domestic fuel 239 23125 -- =<
Miscellaneous 3/ 385.5 256.1 129.4 et.
Not used 4/ 74.8 &.4 66.4 22 3:01
Total 3032.8 1163.5 1869.3 1287.9

All Lake States

Fiber products 2156.9 1310.8 84E.1 ==
Industrial fuel 1189.4 215.9 973.5 1207718
Domestic fuel 49.8 49.3 ae) 8.0
Miscellaneous 3/ 432.4 298.6 133.8 253
Not used 4/ 1094.1 1318 1080.3 853.2

Tocaley ae 4922.6 1888.4 3034.2 2090.3

1/ Suitable for chipping such as veneer cores.

2/ Not suitable for chipping such as veneer clippings.

3 Livestock bedding, mulch, small dimension and specialty
items.

4/ Including residues burned as waste.

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14

Table 10.--Veneer-log production and receipts tn the
Central States by spectes, 1972 and 1974
(In thousand board feet, International 1/4-inch log rule)

Species

Other species
Total +2852

Table 11.--Veneer-log productton by specres groups for selected
years, Central States, 1956-1974
(In million board feet, International 1/4-inch log rule)

: Cotton- : : : Red : Soft : B : White : Yellow- : Other :
: z é Sycamore (Walnut

soak : poplar : species :

ee
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1/ Estimated.

15

Table 12.--Veneer-log recetpts by species groups for selected years,
Central States, 1956-1974
(In million board feet, International 1/4-inch log rule)

: Cotton- : *\ (Hard 72) Pecan): Reda: = : : White : Yellow : Other All
wood 2 Eis : maple:(hickory): oak : e: RUCAROLE: Wainuks oak : poplar : species : species

1956 10.9 0.8 iby 0.6 13). 40.8 3 11.4 6.7 2.8 6.6 44.4
1958 10.2 -6 LS7 73 13 4s) a2 13.0 4.8 19 6.3 41.6
1960 10.4 10 229 a2 1.4 25 2S a by fsa | 3.6 2.8 8.0 50.2
1963 8.6 1.0 = Jeske 0 Ae) 8 2.0 21.2 Ae fe 2.8 7.9 52.2
1966 6.77) 1/1.0 3.6 1.6 2.0 4 abs 1759 Zeil: 4.4 isd 48.2
1968 5.7 1.0 Zod 4.9 2e3 ri) alah 18.4 O72 1.9 Syl 48.8
1970 4.7 aS ibs 3.0 8 6 1.4 10.0 2.0 alee 2.6 28.0
1972 4.9 Be: 2.4 LY7/ 1.6 BS) 9 11.0 4.0 bey? 2.6 3551
1974 5.6 7/ L3 356 328 ol 1.0 10.1 wT 13 IL) 39.7

1/ Estimated.

Table 13.--Productton and disposition of
hardwood veneer plant residue by type
of restdue and use, Central States,
1974

(In thousand cubic feet)

Wood residue :

Total :Coarse 1/: Fine 2/ : Eee

State and
type of use

Illinois, Iowa and

Missouri
Fiber products 63.2 63.2 -- -—
Industrial fuel 315.4 62.9 252-5 49.8
Domestic fuel 5.9 59 -— us
Miscellaneous 3/ 28.3 28.3 -- _
Not used 4/ 283.7 107.0 176.7 244.1
Total 696.5 267.3 429.2 295.5

Indiana

Fiber products 337.5 141.4 196.1 _
Industrial fuel 1446.1 395.9 1050.2 723.3
Domestic fuel 33.6 18.7 14.9 --
Miscellaneous 3/ 364.7 272.9 91.8 83.0
Not used 4/ 19.8 525: 4.3 128.6

Total 2201.7 844.4 135763 934.9

All Central States
Fiber products 400.7 204.6 196.1 —

Industrial fuel 1761.5 458.8 1302.7 TIS ea
Domestic fuel 39.5 24.6 14.9 1.6
Miscellaneous 3/ 393.0 301.2 91.8 83.0
Not used 4/ 303.5 122.5 181.0 Sii2el

Total 2898.2 ab BA; 1786.5 1230.4

1/ Suitable for chipping, such as veneer cores.
2/ Not suitable for chipping, such as veneer clippings.
3/ Livestock bedding, mulch, small dimension and
specialty items.
4/ Including residues burned as waste.

‘ U.S. Government Printing Office: 1976—669—913/188 Region No. 6

Blyth, James E., and Jerold T. Hahn.
1976. Veneer-log production and receipts, North Central Region,
1974. USDA For. Serv. Resour. Bull. NC-32, 16 p., illus.
North Cent. For. Exp. Stn., St. Paul, Minn.

Shows 1974 veneer-log production and receipts by species
in the Lake States (Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin) and
in the Central States (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, and Missouri).
Comparisons are made with similar data for 1972. Includes
tables showing veneer-log production and receipts (for selected
years) since 1946 in the Lake States and since 1956 in the
Central States.

OXFORD: 832.20:792(77). KEY WORDS: imports, exports, wood
residue, bark, veneer mills.

Blyth, James E., and Jerold T. Hahn.
1976. Veneer-log production and receipts, North Central Region,
1974. USDA For. Serv. Resour. Bull. NC-32, 16 p., illus.
North Cent. For. Exp. Stn., St. Paul, Minn.

Shows 1974 veneer-log production and receipts by species
in the Lake States (Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin) and
in the Central States (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, and Missouri).
Comparisons are made with similar data for 1972. Includes
tables showing veneer-log production and receipts (for selected
years) since 1946 in the Lake States and since 1956 in the
Central States.

OXFORD: 832.20:792(77). KEY WORDS: imports, exports, wood
residue, bark, veneer mills.

ENTENW,,
oY I

\OWTOn,
776-191©

Y ~\
S Nyowe™