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THE
WILTSHIRE
Archeulagieal ant Matural ratory
MAGAZINE.
Published under the Direction of the Society
FORMED IN THAT COUNTY, A.D. 1853.
Epitep sy Rev. E. H. Gopparp, CLyFrE VICARAGE, SWINDON.
VOL. XXXVIII.
1913—1914.
DEVIZES:
OC. H. Woopwarp, Excuance Buitpines, STATION Roan.
DECEMBER, 1914.
vee Pe
PIT.
fiias
CONTENTS OF VOL. XXXVIITI,
No. CXIX. JUNE, 1913.
The Re-Erection of Two Fallen Stones, and Discovery of an Interment
with Drinking Cup, at Avebury: By Mrs. M. E. CunnineTon
A Buried Stone in the Kennet Avenue: By Mrs. M. E. Cunnineton
Wiltshire Pardons or Indulgences: By Canon Cur. WoRDSWoRTH
Notes as to Names and Landmarks in Marlborough: By E. Lu.
(Gini en MPO ene eee 5 rotons ee ecatee unde ee eiieat snsactesecte
Prehistoric and Roman Swindon: By A. D. PASSMORE ...............
Tropenell Memoranda—Cottels . ........
Casterley Camp Excavations; By Mr. “& “Mrs. 'B. EL ” (CHENIER
fies sR re cso coc rih ic sccatercree ca aniseupde veisasiceewcamouc aisthiae seaw chwage sian
Mer MIMD eI AT eee case: sce cc enone cos scteca oitisaande etaciee nnd ven wevcte sone
Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &c. .........0ecseecec0e vee
Books and Articles by Wiltshire Authors ................cccececceneceeeeeeee
PLS MMC MROLCLANLS fies saamacsecissies setcisvcnivoveecmascmm mses ciensiaw osgecnneveestes
NVAMESIMIROMMMNISELATIONGS .scccccecessse se catescevsesetoeaswnr Penn eacevenacseaaaets
Additions to Museum and. Library ..........0...cce-ceesecceecensereeseees
Accounts of the Society for the Year 1912
No. CXX. DEcEMBER, 1913.
A list of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities in the
County of Wilts 8 Arranged w under Parishes: By Tou Rev. E, H.
GODDARD .. ee sipeiole teaeapeeletemmelen wiclvenieeableslacetnelaies
No. CXXI. June, 1914.
List of the Long Barrows of Wiltshire: By Mrs. M. E. CunNINGTON
The Church of 8S. John the Baptist and 8. Helen, Wroughton: By
(CRB MBONTING SE SoA. scisieosachcatmacen nee serasetuactaectecvaecsesciisinciene
Sir William Sharington’s Work at Lacock, Sudeley, and Dudley ;
By THE Rev. W. G. CLarK-MAXWELL, F\S.A. .........c0ceeceenees
The Sixtieth General Meeting at Devizes... ........200. sceceececeeeeeere
Malmesbury Abbey: By Haronp BrakspEAR, F.S.A............----00+
Wilts Obituary... Suaenoeonenauscu couaReees
Recent Wiltshire IBGE, Ieaapblzts, “Davidse, it. Ho oaatelanaad sauna maaan
Book and Articles by Wiltshire Authors .........ce.cc:sssccseceseeeeesees
Wiltshire Portraits .. Be arate cia a tate euec cine siete sera iamt amaiscmenne ca vliwes
Wiltshire Illustrations ° | NcngOouEROAE DEAD TOC HAMS AS OBER ead ri coERER noe RE DARE Renee
Pacniionssto Museum-and Wibrary: ....2-.:ss-cecesosssccencseccssseecensesesse
Accounts of the Society for the Year 1913......cccccccessescecseceesecuseeees
153
lV. CONTENTS OF VOL. XXXVII.
No, CXXII. DercrEmper, 1914.
The Sixty-First General Meeting at Devizes..............2:sc00+ cossesaeees 545
List of Altars in Salisbury Cathedral and Names of Kings of whom
there were representations there about the Year 1398: By Cur.
WORDSWORTH, M.A., SUB-DBAN....+-s.,cceseserecesresrncceenesenererees 557
List of Wiltshiremen Extracted from the Minute Books of the
Company of Weavers of London. 1653—1674: By F. R. Y.
RADCLIBEE, UG! <coarakc oceans Petes ser ostiveeuengreregésedosnspeataeemaepemees Dy
Liddington Castle Camp: By A. D. PASSMORE .......2.2+ seessesceneerre 576
On some Bronze Age Pottery of “Food Vessel” Type: By A. D.
PASSMORW vosstoc suitcase Aagene er enan sis wellee bac obs vo cuweneeeaiteceuahcvesenen een ineen 585
Copy of a MS. in the Possceson of Sir Walter Grove, Baronet, to
which is prefixed a copy of a ae Pa preety in able
Record Office .........0.. see +00 Boks SO
Notes .. STIS cle Saiacsets wiathesvaralautelss va'a we @Zeh Geis ehEAN Gaitiy Sr 61 aa SEDER eee ee nee eR
Wilts One saonay BRAT ine ee aan Sasinan | 2 Oy
Additions to Museum cundl Library. Te riab ba nba sic osnnp Ss ERE eae TT La OAD.
Index to Vol, XX XVIII. BAA SCRE REE Meo cos ao ace, ment
Illustrations.
Raising the fallen stone at Longstone Cove, Beckhampton, 1913,1. Section
across the middle of the hole in which the stone stood, showing the
relative position of the burial, 3. “ Drinking Cup,” or “ Beaker,” found
with skeleton at foot of stone,5. Drinking Cups found at Swindon, 42.
Objects from Casterley Camp, and Plans of the Camp, Plates 1—-XV., 96.
Section through Dwelling-Pit on Winterbourne Monkton Down, 108.
Vessels found in Dwelling-Pit on Winterbourne Monkton Down, 108.
Section through Terrace below the Reservoir on Winterbourne Monkton
Down, 109. Objects recently found, 111. Roman Sculpture recently
found at Nettleton Scrub, 113.
Wroughton Church, Figs. 1—6, 418. Lacock Abbey, Sudeley and Dudley
Castles, Figs. 1—10, 426. Folding Plan of Malmesbury Abbey and
Precincts, 458. Malmesbury Abbey, Figs. 1—26, 458.
Axe Head of Sarsen, 579. Pottery and Objects from Liddington Castle
Camp, Plates I—IV., 584. Vessel from the West Woods, Overton, 585.
Pottery from the interment at Smeeth Ridge, Ogbourne St. Andrew, 588.
JUNE, 1913. > ‘Vou, XXXVIEL
WILTSHIRE
Areheologieal and Matural History |
MAGAZINE,
Published unver the Direction
OF THE
SOCIETY FORMED IN THAT COUNTY,
A.D. <LBae:
EDITED BY
REV. E. H. GODDARD, Clyffe Vicarage, Swindon.
DEVIZES :
PRINTED AND SOLD FOR THE SocieTy By C. H. Woopwarp,
EXcHANGE BUILDINGS, StTaTIoN Roan.
Price 5s. 6d. Members, Gratis.
NOTICE TO MEMBERS.
TAKE NOTICE, that a copious Index for the preceding cight —
volumes of the Magazine will be found at the end of Vols.
Vili, XVi, xxlv., and xxxii: The subsequent Volumes are
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the current year, are requested to remit the saine forthwith to
the Financial Secretary, Mr. Davip Owey, Bank Chambers,
Devizes, to whom also all communications as to the supply
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The Numbers of this Magazine will be delivered gratis, as issued,
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Subscriptions shall remain unpaid after such notice.”
All other communications to be addressed to the Honorary Secre-
tary: the Rev. E, H. Gopparp, Clyffe Vicarage, Swindon.
THE SOCIETY’S PUBLICATIONS.
Tio be obtained of Mr. D. OWEN, Bank Chambers, Devizes.
TMK BRITISH AND ROMAN ANTIQUITIES OF THE NORTH
WILTSHIRE DOWNS, by the Rey. A. C. Smith, M.A, One Volume, Atlas
4to,, 248 pp., 17 large Maps, and 110 Woodeuts, Extra Cloth. Price £2 Qs.
One copy offered to each Member of the Society at £1 11s, 6d.
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504 pp., with Map, Cloth. By the Rev. T. A. Preston, M.A. rice to the
Public, 16s.; but one copy offered to every Member of the Society at half-price.
CATALOGUE or tur STOURHEAD COLLECTION or ANTIQUITIES
In THE SOCIETY’S MUSEUM, with 175 Illustrations. Part I. Price 1s. 6d.
CATALOGUE or ANTIQUITIES in tHe SOCIETY'S MUSEUM.
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WILTSHIRE
Archeolagical and Matural retary
MAGAZAINK.
Contents. PAGE
Ture RE-Erection or Two FALLEN STONES, AND DISCOVERY OF
AN INTERMENT witH DRINKING Cup, aT AVeBURY: By Mrs.
VEDIO PHT TOM .b.ce<ce-ceeste-cencenesececeesrueseonncesnescecncraessercce 1
A Buriep Stone In THE KENNET AVENUE: By Mrs. M. E.
(COR 07i oc eR SCERBReEC CP RERERBREERON Genco Sobeaoeao eHaeneererpe hse ceaeen 12
WILTSHIRE PARDONS oR INDULGENCES: By Canon Chr. Wordsworth 15
Nores as to Names AND LANDMARKS IN MARLBOROUGH: By
13. Tint, (GLwail irr SRR Gee eee e ee Re Me ec boon cocosecnoccb acne Beane res ramnnerns 34
PREHISTORIC AND RoMAN Swinpon: By A. D. Passmore............ 41
TROPENELL MEMORANDA—COTTELS.....-0-20cecccce cacceescececceccecessene 48
CasTERLEY Camp Excavations: By Mr. and Mrs. B. H. Cunnington 53
SN CocAL ET Peart (coc icereice den lca d vis ae wieiensdh) (Se Mamaaaisintetadleysiccels Meelaresjevslaslals 106
WILTS Open se Re ecg a dee aye ve cistiabaia/c islets ae 116
Recent WILTsHIRE Books, PAMPHLETS, ARTICLES, WC. ............ 124
Books AND ARTICLES BY WILTSHIRE AUTHORS ............secseceeeees 140
NVM OR TRAITS) ccesescsssevaacseescsacesornatsvewseecesoadsé sacterncesies 142
WILTSHIRE ILLUSTRATIONS ......... PE een 3s ein ea REE eee Te 144
ADDITIONS TO MUSEUM AND Lae ROMs atbar aust o tenassleialis 148
ACCOUNTS OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE YEAR 1912 .......ccccseeceeceeees 140
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Raising the fallen stone at Longstone Cove, Beck-
AMP CON TLOL Des eee scsce. vosnderemmeenertsconscssacase ss 1
Section across the anfdlalio of the hole in which the
stone stood, showing the relative position of the
TERED OS ae re RRP e ob eS cSt dn ea ROAR a 3
“Drinking Cup,” or “ Beaker,” found with skeleton
Uk HOO CO RUC) |e eatacsccetonecancccrasae aEaaneonosseesnaes 5
Drinking Cups found at Swindon ......................65 42
Plates [.—X V.—Objects from peters Camp, and
Plans of the Camp... 96
Section through Dealings Pit on “Wisavigninourme
EVMOM FOU) Owl ne ceeee aie ak ase stuns ceneian omens muiven 108
Vessels found in Dwelling Pit on Winterbourne
NUOMaCO Male) O walt oaieiecenaeni ct mic ee hans «sistremsienaeiennisinn 108
Section through Terrace below the Reservoir on
Winterbourne Moukton Down .............:0cc0:0000: 109
Objects recently found.. oo LI
Roman Sculpture eaamdlhy fond a Nettleton Serub 113
DEVIZES: C. H. Woopwarp, ExcHanere Buiitpines, Sration Roan.
Raising the fallen stone at Longstone Cove, Beckhampton, 1913.
(From photographs by My. Passmore and C aptain Oakeley.)
THE
WILTSHIRE MAGAZINE,
“ MULTORUM MANIBUS GRANDE LEVATUR ONUS.’—Ovnid.
JUNE, 1913.
THE RE-ERECTION OF TWO FALLEN STONES, AND
AND DISCOVERY OF AN INTERMENT WITH
DRINKING CUP, AT AVEBURY.
By Mrs. M. E. Cunnineton.
Between 8 and 9 o’clock on the morning of December 2nd, 1911,
| one of the standing stones at Avebury fell. The stone is one of
| the two remaining stones of the three which are believed to have
onee formed a kind of cell, or cove, on the northern side of the
Beckhampton, or western avenue, that issued from the great circle
of Avebury. The third stone fell and: was broken up many years
| ago. The group was known as “ Longstone Cove,” or the “ Long-
| stones,” but the two remaining stones are now sometimes spoken
of loeally as “ Adam and Eve.” The cove is described by Stukeley ”
'These notes, so far as they relate to the discovery of the skeleton and
drinking cup, were printed in Man, Vol. xii., No. 12, Dec., 1912, pp. 200—
203, and the Society is indebted to the Council of the Royal Anthropological
Institute for the loan of the two blocks which illustrate the paper.
* The Rev. W. C. Lukis, in a report on Stonehenge and Abury, printed
in Proce. Soc. Ant., [X., 131, says (p. 155) of the Longtones Cove, “Stukeley
says this cove is ‘composed of three stones like that most magnificent one
we described in the centre of the northern temple at Abury. They are set
upon the are of a circle regarding each other, with an obtuse angle,’ and are
placed on the north side of the avenue, one. of the stones of that side making
the back of the Cove. . . . Twining saw two stones only in 1723,
therefore Stukeley saw no more ; and his knowledge of a third stone must be
derived from Aubrey, whose sketch given in his ‘ Monumenta Britannica ’
shows how unfaithful his drawings are as to the form and position of the
stones. It is altogether an assumption on Stukeley’s part that one of the
stones of the Cove was one of the supposed avenue. . . . My ownopinion
is that these stones are the remains of a large circle—a monument entirely
distinct from Avebury.”
VOL. XXXVIII.—NO. CXIX. B
2 The Re-erection of Two Fallen Stones at Avebury.
as consisting of two stones set at an angle to each other outside the
avenue, the other stone that Stukeley regarded as the third member
of the cove group, being at the same time one of the stones of the
avenue. This latter stone is the smaller of the two now remaining,
known as “Eve”; the larger one, “ Adam,” which fell in 1911,
being one of the two original outstanding stones of the cove.
The stones are visible from the road leading from Avebury to
Beckhampton, and stand just beyond the end of the private road
leading out of that road on the right hand, to Mr. Darling’s stables,
just as the road dips down into Beckhampton.
At a committee meeting of the Society held in January, 1912,
it was decided that an effort should be made to raise funds to re-
erect this stone, this being considered advisable largely on the
ground that a standing stone is more likely to be respected and
safeguarded than one fallen.
Before anything else could be done it was necessary to clear out
the hole in which the stone had stood, as it was encumbered with
sarsen boulders, which had been originally used as packing to
support the great stone, and loose soil which had found its way
into the cavity when the stone fell. In case anything of arche-
ological interest might be found in this digging, Mr. and Mrs. B. H.
Cunnington were entrusted with the supervision of the work, which
was done with the aid of two labourers on May 24th and 26th,
1912.
When cleared the hole was found to measure 13$ft. in length,
in a direction from East-South-East to West-North-West. The
hole widened out somewhat at its East end, its greatest width
being 64ft., while it was 6ft. wide in the middle, and only 44ft.
wide at the West end: it was 3ft. 8in. deep, measured to the surface
level, and as the soil at this spot was 15in. deep, the stone had
stood only 2ft. 5in. in the solid chalk. The stone had been packed
round with about one hundred and fifty sarsen boulders of various
sizes, some of them weighing by computation more than a hundred-
weight. It is remarkable that some of the flatter boulders had
been laid purposely on the floor of the hole prepared to receive the
stone. A large piece had split off the bottom of the stone and was
By Mrs. M. E. Cunnington. 3
found resting against the southern wall of the hole with packing
boulders behind it; this piece of stone was itself broken across, and
fell into two pieces on being moved. It is difficult to see why the
stone should have cracked after its burial in the ground, and it is
perhaps possible that it was actually cracked before; if, on the
other hand it could have broken in the ground comparatively
recently, this may have caused the final collapse of the stone.
Most of the packing boulders were found at the easterly and wider
end of the hole, the natural irregularity in the shape of the stone
requiring a greater amount of packing on that side to give it a
firm support,
A discovery that has an important bearing on the date of the
erection of the stone, and therefore presumably on the date of the
monument of Avebury as a whole, was made in removing the soil
in front of the hole preparatory to clearing it out. The discovery
was that of the remains of a human skeleton and fragments of a
“drinking cup,” or “beaker,” close to and immediately in front. of
the hole in which the stone had stood. The section here given
ee ee ew ee Sr Oe
i)
Section across the middle of the hole in which the stone stood,
showing the relative position of the burial. A——A the area
of the-burial; B top of chalk; © soil.
shows how very near the burial must have been to the side of the
stone when standing ; this section, drawn through the centre of the
hole, at right angles to its length, cuts as nearly as it was possible
to ascertain, through the middle of the burial, showing that it was
placed in the centre of this face of the stone. Presuming that the
three stones of the cove originally formed a sort of triangular en-
closure this face of the stone would have been the inner one.
B 2
4 The Re-erection of Two Fallen Stones.at Avebury.
The body had been laid on the level surface of the undisturbed
chalk, without the slightest depression or hollow having been made
to receive it. The bones were found to have been disturbed and
broken in the ground, so that it was not possible to ascertain
accurately the original position of the skeleton beyond the fact
that it was crouched, and with its head to the East. Nor was it
possible to say what had been the original position of the drinking
cup. The soil and rubble at this spot is 15in. deep, so that the
burial must have been a very shallow one, unless, as is not im-
possible, there was originally a slight mound banked up against
the stone, that had been levelled by cultivation.
lt seems that cultivation is quite enough to account for the
broken and disturbed state in which the burial was found;
labourers on the spot stated that as it is not possible to plough
quite up to the sides of the stones, the ground immediately round
them is often dug over by hand, and this would account for dis-
turbance of the soil at a greater depth than that of ordinary
ploughing.
It is now generally recognised that the “drinking cup” type of
pottery belongs to the transition from the Neolithic, or to the
earliest Bronze Age, in England, and as there can be little doubt
that the burial was made at the foot of the stone after its erection,
the importance of the discovery with regard to the date of the
monument is considerable. If this is accepted, it shows that this
stone, and therefore presumably the whole monument of Avebury,
must have been standing at least as early as the beginning of the ©
Bronze Age in England.
The “drinking cup,’ of which fragments were found with the |
bones, was a well-made and well-decorated example of its type,
namely, the “ovoid cup with recurved rim,” and must have stood |
not less than 8in. in height. The ware is thin, and baked to a
bright red both inside and out, showing the grey paste in the
middle; the paste is fine and sparingly mixed with sand. The
vessel was decorated from rim to base with a series of horizontal
lines, alternating with rows of herring-bone pattern, and bands of |
the plain tooled surface. The horizontal lines, and the lines |
By Mrs..M..£. Cunnington. 5
jforming the herring-bone: pattern, have the appearance of having
}been impressed by a notched or serrated tool, as is so often the
ease on this type of vessel.
\
Se
“ Drinking Cup,” or “ Beaker,” found with skeleton at foot of stone. 3
“When the stone fell a considerable quantity of loose soil slipped
loosened at the same time. A piece of the rim of the cup, together
jwith a small fragment of Samian ware, and pieces of a modern
iglass bottle, were found in this loose earth.
Pa of the hole on the opposite side to the burial. A phalange
jof a sheep or goat and a splinter of bone were found under a flat
boulder lying undisturbed on the floor of the hole. Several frag-
ments of pottery that may be Romano-British (the small piece of
6 The Re-erection of Two Fallen Stones at Avebury.
Samian ware found makes this the more likely) were found in the
surface soil round the hole.
The bones of the skeleton are unfortunately too incomplete to
allow of measurement, but the individual to whom they belonged
seems to have been of medium size, and of about middle age. A
piece of the collar bone is stained green as if from contact with
some small object of bronze, but no fragment of the metal could
befound. The fragments of the drinking cup, together with the re-
mains of the skeleton,are placed in the Society’s Museum at Devizes.
On behalf of the Committee of the Society, Mr. C. E. Ponting,
of Marlborough, and Mr. B. H. Cunnington, of Devizes, undertook
the general supervision of the erection of the stones, Messrs. W. E.
Chivers & Sons, of Devizes, being the contractors employed. The
Society is indebted to the Great Western Railway Company for
the loan of three jacks (two of 40 tons strength and one of 50 tons)
from their works at Swindon, for use in raising the stones.
The plan at first adopted for the Cove stone was that of raising
it up by means of the jacks to a certain height, and then affixing
wire ropes round the stone to pull it upright by means of two
traction engines This plan was found not to be satisfactory, the
only result being the breaking of the wire ropes, tested to a strain
of 50 tons, without moving the stone at all. Accordingly the
stone was eventually raised to the perpendicular by the jacks
alone, being supported as the work proceeded. by a shoring of
timber and a system of wedges; this method, though slower and
consequently more costly, being much more sure and safe.
The actual work of raising the stone, the weight of which, as
computed by measurement, was estimated at 62 tons, was begun
on July 9th, and it was finally got upright on August 3rd, 1912,
the work having been somewhat delayed by the wet weather.
The stone now rests on a bed of concrete 1ft. thick, the hole
having been lowered to take it, and it is also embedded in concrete
to the level of the surrounding chalk; it stands 3in. deeper in the
ground than it did before its fall.
1 Three photographs appeared in Zhe Sphere of July 27th, 1912, entitled ©
‘ Adam after the Fall,” “ Raising Adam with Jacks,” and “ An unsuccessful
attempt to raise the fallen Monster.”
By Mrs. M. EB. Cunnington. iO
The society is greatly indebted to Mr. George Brown, of
Beckhampton, on whose laud the stone stands, for his permission
to raise it, and for the kindness and forbearance with which he
accepted the inconvenience attendant on the operation. The
length of time that the work was about, the trampling of visitois
and others through the hedge and the serious interruption to the
farming of the land, made no slight call on his patience and good
nature. The Society are also grateful to Mr. Brown for his in-
tention not to disturb or eultivate the ground immediately round
the stone in the future.
THE KENNET AVENUE STONE.
While the work of raising the big stone at Longstone Cove was
| in preparation, it was suggested that, while the necessary apparatus
| was on the ground, it would be a good opportunity to raise
| the stone in the Kennet avenue that fell cir. 1889 (2), and this
| course was ultimately decided upon at a committee meeting of the
Society in July, 1912. This stone is the third from the Avebury
end of the line of seven stones on the east side of the avenue, in
the group of eleven stones lying west of the road between Avebury
) and Kennet and is opposite to the only one of the group which stall
remained standing. The ground has been under the plough within
| the last few years, and the cavity made by the fall of the stone had
been filled up and levelled off. On 1e-excavating thisit was found
| that the hole as originally made to receive the stone was not so well
| defined as in the case of that at Longstone Cove, where it had been
| dug into the solid chalk, for the base of the Kennet stone stood on a
| bed of chalk rubble at a depth of only 16in. below the surface. It
| was felt that there could be no certainty that this rubble had not
| been disturbed, and in view of the possibility of an interment having
| been made under the stone, the digging was continued down until
| the solid chalk was reached at a depth of 4ft. 6in. from the surface.
| The depth of the rubble over the chalk varies considerably even in a
| small area, but as this seemed a greater depth than is usual, a hole
| was dug some yards away from thestone to test it there,and the same
8 The Re-erection of Two Fallen Stones at Avebury.
conditions were found. The spot is at the bottom of the steepish
hillside in the valley leading from Avebury to Kennet, a situation
where, perhaps, a greater accumulation of debris might be expected
than on more open or higher chalk lands.
The stone had fallen inwards, or across the avenue, and toward
the upward slope of the hill; the natural irregularity in the shape
of the stone had given it a considerable tendency to overbalance
in this direction, and it was interesting to find that those who
originally put it up must have fully realised this weakness, for
they had taken special precautions to overcome it, and all the
sarsen boulders used as packing stones were on that side, not one
being found against the lower side of the stone. Besides a few
flint flakes nothing of interest was found in the digging round
this stone.
The thanks of the Society are due to Captain Jenner, of Avebury
Manor, the owner of the property on which this part of the Kennet
avenue stands, for permission to raise the stone, and to Mr.
Parsons, the tenant, for granting access to it.
The computed weight, from measurements, is about 17 tons.
_ As soon as the jacks were finished with at the Cove stone, they
and the necessary timber were moved over to the stone in the
Kennet avenue.
The work of raising this stone was begun with the jacks on
August 6th, and it was raised to the upright on August 10th,
The stone now stands 3in. deeper than it did originally, but
otherwise in the same position. It is imbedded in concrete in the
same manner as the larger stone.
List of Donations to the Fund for setting up the two fallen Stones.
[These sums were received in answer to an appeal from the Hon. Secretary,
published in The Times and the County Papers, and in response to-
further personal appeals. }
srds £i-88 ds
Marlborough College G. P. Fuller 5 0 0
Nat. Hist. Society 10 0 0 Marquis of Lansdowne 5 O 0
W. Heward Bell 10 0 0 Basil Peto, M.P. 5 0 0
Society of Antiquaries yO Ld. Fitzmaurice 3 3 0
R. H. Caird 5 0'0 Sir G. Prior Goldney 3 0 O
By Mrs. M. E. Cunnington. 9
£ sd £s. d
Ld. Avebury OO) W. H. St. John Hope 10 6
i. Ss. Wills 9) DMD Mrs.W.H.St.John Hope 10 6
Capt. W. Godsal 2 0 0 H. V. Reade 10 6
J. Walmesley 2 0 0 C.S. Awdry 10 0
E. Whitney 2 0 0 Major H. H. Dowding 10 0
E. C. Beaven Lil © R. F. Fuller 10 0
Sir Vincent Caillard LO CO. H. St. J. Hornby 10 0
Col. Hornsby Drake 1 1 0 Mrs. E. H. Goddard 10 0
F. P. Goddard L® 10 H. E. Medlicott 10 0
F. H. Goldney ly hi 0 E. Pinckney 10 0
A. Grant-Meek 110 Rev. J. F. b. Stephens 10 O
R. 8. Gundry i i © Rev. A. W. Stote 10 0
Rev. G. R. Hadow 1 10 Rev. W. Symonds 10 0
J. M. Harris |e a) Dr. H. P. Tayler 10 0
Rev. J. H. Hill 11 0 W. B. Treacher 10 0
T. Lavington Lot © J. E. Ward 10 0
W. F. Juawrence 1 1. @ Col. M. F. Ward 10 0
H. Leaf 1 1 0 Rev. J. E. H. Blake 5 0
L. L. Morse i il ©) Col. A. Canning 5 0
Miss Bouverie 1 0 0 Rey. R. W. Hay 5 0
A. M. Dunne 10 0 EK. H. Thornton Lawes 5 O
R. G. Gwatkin 1 0 0 Mrs. Story Maskelyne 5 0
Rev. the Hon. Sidney Mrs. F. Goddard 26
Meade 10 0 Miss Laing 2 6
R. W. Merriman 100 Rev. H. G. O. Kendall 2 0
Capt. Oakeley 100 Other small contributions 8 6
E. Cook 10 6 Bank interest 9 0
Mrs. B. H. Cunnington 10 6 |
Rev. E. H. Goddard Lome: | £95 9 O
T. Holloway 10:6. | Sa
EXPENDITURE. (8 & Gl
Messrs Chivers & Sons, for work of re-erection 93 15 10
Incidental expenses 15 0
Postage, &c. 18 2
£95 9 O
Nors,—A very curious difficulty arises as to the stone of the Kennet
avenue now set up again: one would suppose that there would be no want
of evidence as to the fall of a stone so lately as the eighties of the last
century, but as a matter of fact, it seems impossible to fix the exact year in
which it fell, and there was even some doubt as to which of the stones it
was that fell. William Long, in his account of Avebury, in Wilts Arch. Mag.,
lv., 309—363, published 1858, gives on page 329 a plan of this group of
eleven stones, and says “Upon the ground plan on the opposite page, the
distances between the eleven stones, above mentioned, are laid down. The
only stone now standing is 8 feet 9 inches high, 9 feet. 9 inches wide, and
3 feet thick.” This would naturally refer to. the stone which has never
fallen, No. 2 from the Avebury end of the Western side of the avenue.
On page 323, however, he speaks of this group as consisting of “two stones
10 The Re-erection of Two Fallen Stones at Avebury.
and nine stumps of stones,” a curious expression which seems to-point to
two stones, then standing, as distinguished from nine lying prostrate, though
why these latter should be called “‘stumps” when they are entire stones does
not appear. This plan is reproduced by the Rev. A. C. Smith on page 146
of his “Gade to the British and Roman Antiquities of the N. Wiltshire
Downs,” published in 1884, and he quotes the description of the stones
given by Long and only adds “‘ All these stones mentioned by Mr. Long are
still in existence,” thereby apparently accepting the fact that only one of
the eleven stones was standing at the time he wrote.
The ground plan given by both Long and Smith is unfortunately so
dubiously drawn that it may be equally claimed as evidence that the stone
in question [the third in the line on the Hast or road side of the avenue as
you come from Avebury], was intended to be represented as still standing,
or as lying prostrate across the avenue, as it lay before it was recently set
up. It is to be noted, too, that it was the only stone of the eleven lying in
this position across the avenue.
Both Long and Smith, however, assert in so many words that there was
only one stone of this group of eleven standing in 1858 and 1884, when they
respectively published their accounts of Avebury, and it is difficult to believe
that two writers generally so accurate could have made a mistake of this
kind, if two stones were actually then standing. Mr. Smith, especially, had
a very extensive and accurate knowledge of Avebury and its surroundings.
It is true that he only quotes Long’s previous words, but that he should
have accepted the statement that one stone only was standing ifasa matter
of fact, two were still standing, seems very unlikely.
On the other hand there is direct evidence that a second stone was
standing until some time in the later eighties of the nineteenth century and
that it then fell. Stukeley, in his Abury, p. 42, Tab. xxii., gives a “ Prospect
of Kennet Avenue from the Druid’s Tumulus on Hackpen hill, May 15th,
1724.” In this he shows eleven stones, of which four are standing, in the
group under “ Windmill Ball.” Although, however, the total (eleven) is the
same, the distribution of the stones (five on the East, and six on the West
side of the avenue) does not agree with the distribution of the existing
stones, so that this view is of little use as evidence. It is, however, to be
noted for what it is worth that the only pair of stones shown as standing are
apparently intended for the two actually now standing, viz., the one standing
that has not fallen and the one re-erected in 1912. Hoare, in Ancient Wilts,
Vol. IL, p. 70, published in 1819, gives a plan of “ Avebury and Silbury,”
Plate X. (reproduced in Long’s “‘ Avebury,” W.A.JZ,, iv., 309), showing the
pair of stones, No. 3 on the East and No. 2 on the West side of the avenue
(from the Avebury end) as shaded whilst all the other stones of this group
are unshaded. This seems clearly to show that both these stones were
standing in 1819. Again, Mr. C. E. Ponting, F.S.A., of Marlborough, has a
clear recollection of driving past the stones one morning some time in the
later “eighties” when the second stone was standing, and noticing when he
“returned past them at night that it had fallen. He recollects, also, speaking
of the matter to Mr. Kemm, of Avebury. He is, however, unable to say
with any certainty which of the stones it was that fell, though he thinks it
was the one recently raised. William Coleman, a labourer of Avebury, a
By Mrs. M. E. Cunnington. iat
trustworthy man who has worked for Mr. B. H. Cunnington in excavations,
also remembers the fall of the stone, and he says that he noticed that it was
leaning badly in the morning as he went to work, and that it fell before he
passed it again on his way home, in the evening. He is sure that it was in
the month of February, but in what year he cannot say. He believes that
the stone now set up again is the stone which then fell. Mr. Butler, of
Kennett, and Mr. George Brown, of Avebury, and others, all say that they
perfectly well recollect the fall of one of the stones here, and they belzeve that
it was the one now re-erected.
The two stones as they now stand form a pair. It may not be irrelevant
to the question to observe that the under side of the stone now re-erected
presents a very clean, unweathered, sharp surface, quite distinct from the
surface of the upper side which was continuously exposed to the weather.
On the other hand Mrs. Cunnington noted that whilst all the other
prostrate stones have deepish hollows worn round them, by the treading of
sheep, &c., and have every appearance of having fallen long ago, this stone
had little or no hollow round it, and the line of weathering on the butt
showing the point up to which it had been buried in the ground was clearly
to be seen. But perhaps the strongest piece of evidence in favour of the
identity of the stone recently raised with that which fell in the eighties, is
the fact that on the ground plan referred to above (W.A.4J/,, iv., 329) Long
gives 53ft. as the distance between this stone (x) and the one opposite (y)
which has always remained upright. Mr. and Mrs. Cunnington have care-
fully tested his measurements of the other stones and find them correct,
assuming that he measured from the nearest points of the stones to each
other. But the distance from the top of the stone x, as it lay prostrate, to
the base of y was 44ft., whilst the distance between their bases as both now
stand upright is 56ft., a difference of 3ft. only from Long’s measurement,
and this might be accounted for by the difficulty of knowing within a foot
or so where its base had actually stood. In any case the measurements
are decidedly in favour of the view that when they were taken both stones
were still standing.
It has seemed worth while thus to set out at some length all the evidence
at present available, both pro and con. I should be glad to hear of any
further light which can be thrown on the matter.
The Rey. W. C. Lukis, whose plans of the Avebury circles are now in
the Library of the Society of Antiquaries, did not plan the remains of the
Kennet Avenue. He says in Proc. Soc. Ant., [X., 153, “ When I had com-
pleted the survey of the circles, the weather changed and continued stormy
and wet for some time, and I was unable to plan the avenue, which I greatly
regret, for I cannot bring myself to think there is any truth in Stukeley’s
notion that it commenced on Overton Hill, at a monument, of which not a
vestige remains.” There seems, indeed, a fate against the plans of these
stones, for Mr. B. H. Cunnington, who has lately had an opportunity of
examining the early editions of the 6-inch Ordnance Map, finds that only
six stones on the road side of the avenue at this point are shown, instead
of seven, a mistake which, has apparently been copied in subsequent
editions. E. H. Gopparp. ,
12.
A BURIED STONE IN THE KENNET AVENUE.
By Mrs. M. E. Cunninerton.
A large sarsen, probably one of the stones of the Kennet avenue
was recently (February, 1913) exposed in a trench cut for the
purpose of laying down water pipes. The trench was cut from
the top of the hill South of Avebury, sometimes called Windmill
Hill, or Windmill Ball,! across the Kennet-Avebury road, and
therefore across the line of the Kennet avenue, to a pumping
station in the valley south-east of Avebury vallum.?
As one end of the stone projected into the trench, and so was in
the way of the pipes, these were laid under it; and in clearing
away the rubble from under the stone for this purpose the lower
end of a human tibia and some other fragments of bones were
found. Asso many burials have been found under sarsens in this
neighbourhood it seemed worth while to make some examination
of this one, especially as from its position it must have been either
in, or close to, the Kennet avenue.. Therefore, with the permission
of Captain Jenner, the owner of the land, and of his tenant, a
section was cut at right angles to the trench, exposing the side of
the stone furthest from the road. ‘his digging revealed the fact
that the stone was, as at first feared, much too large to lift without
considerable labour and expense, and the aid of special appliances.
In digging down to the stone, fragments of human bones were
found over it, and generally scattered in the chalky rubble filling
the hole in which the stone had been buried. The exposed side of
the stone was undereut as much as possible, and as far as could be
seen, it appeared to be lying on undisturbed chalk, the loose rubble
and fragments of bones being only under the shelving side (or edge)
1'This hill should not be confused with the Windmill Hill north of
Avebury. See Smith’s Antiquities of North Wilts, p. 145, d.
?The pond dug a few years ago on the top of this hill is utilised as a
reservoir to which the water is pumped. The barrow marked “d ” on
Smith’s Map (Section XI., G. V.) must have been on the site of, or very
near, this pond. No trace of the barrow can now be found.
A Buried Stone in: the Kennet Avenue. 13
of the «stone, and as it did not seem likely that an undisturbed
burial would be found, it was not thought worth while to carry
the work further, It is known that many of the stones of the
avenue and of the circles have been’ buried at various times by the
farmers to get them off the land, and itis very probable that this
was one of the avenue stones that was got rid of in this way,
To account for the human bones one can only suggest that a
burial at the foot of, or near the stone, was disturbed when the
hole in which it was buried was dug, and that the bones were
thrown in again with the rubble in filling up the hole. Itisa
curious and suggestive circumstance that a burial should actually
have been found at the foot of another stone connected with
Avebury, namely, that at Longstone Cove, described above.t
As the stone was not completely uncovered its full dimensions
could not be taken, but one of the exposed sides (that furthest from
the road) was 7ft. long, and the other (thatin the trench).4ft. long,
It was 2ft. thick and irregular in shape, like the other stones of
the avenue, of which Stukeley said they were “of all shapes, sizes,
and height that happened.” The top of the stone is now 2ft. Yin.
below the surface of the ground, and it lies 12ft. from the
edge of the road on the right-hand side from Avebury to Kennet.
It lies between the single stone standing in a cottage garden just
outside the Kennet entrance to Avebury, and the single stone
standing close to the left side of the road nearer Kennet; and it
is eighty yards on the Avebury side of the last-mentioned stone.
Ii at any time it was desired to uncover this stone again it might
be easily found by the fact that the water pipes actually pass
under its end nearest Kennet, at a distance of 12ft. from the edge
of the road. ;
None of the human bones were found whole, but only parts of
the following: one humerus, two ulnas, one radius, one tibia, one
femur, one vertebra, a piece of the sternum, and of a pelvis, and
three small bones of the foot. ‘The ulnas are a right-and left, and
1 A considerable number of burials seem to have been found outside the
“Sanctuary” in which the Kennet avenue ended on Overton Hill. Stuke-
ley’s Abury, p. 38. See also Long’s Abury. W. A. JM1,, iv., 327.
14 A Buried Stone in the Kennet Avenue.
there seems little doubt that all the bones belonged to one skeleton.
One of the ulnas was found under the side of the stone, the other
in the rubble above it. The bones except for the breakages are
sound and in good preservation. Several small pieces of browu
and yellow glazed pottery were found in the superficial soil over
the stone.
A DWELLING PIT.
In cutting the trench near the top of the hill (117 yards froin
the edge of the pond) the men cut through a small pit. This was
cleared out and found to be rather oval in shape, some 3ft. by 4ft.
and 3ft. deep. It was full, as these small “dwelling” pits usually
ave, of black eartliy material mixed with grains of charcoal: a sarsen
muller, or hammerstone, various fragments of coarse handmade
pottery, broken bones of sheep, pig, and ox, some of them burnt,
some rough flint flakes, including two “scrapers,” and burnt flints
were found in it.
WILTSHIRE PARDONS OR INDULGENCES.
By Canon Cur. WorRDSWORTH.
THE latin word indulgentia was broadly used by St. Augustine
and other theologians in the sense of “forgiveness.” Among the
imperial jurists it had acquired a narrower technical acceptation,
being used by them to express, variously (a) remission of civil
punishment due for an offence, (6) immunity from taxes, or (c)
amnesty granted by the dispensing power of the Emperor.
In the Christian Church, even in the early days ere the Empire
had recognised or tolerated Christianity, the exercise of dis-
cipline by the Church over her own members carried along with it
as its natural consequence an authority to unloose, and a charitable
readiness to relax the penalty of excommunication, wherever this
could be rightly conceded. St. Paul trained the Church in Corinth
to realise the Divine quality of mercy, or “goodness,” as well as
that of “severity.” “To whom ye forgive anything, I forgive it
eon Cor v.13; 2 Cor, u., 610) ef: Kom., xi., 22.) In
course of time, with the Decian persecution, A.D. 250, difficult
cases arose, as to the salutary treatment of those who had denied
their Christianity when they were tempted to dissemble or renounce
if under the stress of persecution; and subsequently a way
of return to communion was sought for them by themselves
or vy their friends after the storm had passed. Some of
the “lapsed” (or Jcbellatici, who had once procured certifi-
cates of conformity from heathen authorities in the days of
persecution) were willing to undergo penance, where it was in-
flicted on them as a condition for their restoration to the Christian
fold. On behalf of others it was alleged that certain of their own
martyred friends or relatives had with their last breath commended
the weaker brother or sister to merciful consideration, and in some
cases a note in their handwriting was produced to that effect. Such
pleas were duly respected. The next step was for the surviving
16 Wiltshire Pardons or Indulgences.
confessors who, though not called on to make resistance unto blood,
had yet endured some other degree of cruelty, to speak up for their
wavering friends, and to write from their prisons, or after their
enlargement from captivity, “letters of peace,” libellos pacis, as a
certificate of restoration to communion for the renegades. St.
Cyprian, Archbishop of Carthage, who had himself suffered as an
exile, and who was destined to become a martyr subsequently, in
A.D. 258, was indignant at the lengths to which this system was
being carried, and the mercenary spirit in which it was exercised,
and he prohibited the circulation of a form of written indulgence,
or certificate of remission in general terms, which was being intro-
duced into his province by one Lucianus, a Carthaginian confessor
(Cyprian Epistles, xv., 3; Xx., 2; xxill.; xxvi.; xxvii)! In the 6th
and following centuries collections of Penitential Canons were
compiled to specify in detail what measure of ecclesiastical dis-
ciplinary punishment was to be meted out to each distinct class
of offender: eg., a thief would be enjoined penance for half a year,
or, if he were a cleric, for an entire year; a murderer was excluded
from communion for seven years; and so forth. Every sin re-
quiring its due and proper punishment, that punishment, it was
held, must be undergone in this world or the next. In case of
grievous sickness, the recognised meed of ecclesiastical temporal
punishment, such as penitential fasting for one or more Lentings,
or Lents? of forty days, or some other severe discipline, might be
commuted, ¢.g., for the recitation of a number of psalms ; or it might
be condoned, with the condition of a fine to be paid, or an act of
bounty to the poor to be performed. A man with many friends
or subordinates might even enlist their services to help him in his
attempt to get through his heavy obligations on this side the
grave by their undertaking to share his remedial discipline. The
“Trrefragable Doctor,” Alexander of Hales, who died at Paris in
1245, formulated the belief that the Church has an available fund
of superabundant merits as her “treasure” for the remission or
1 See Archbishop Benson’s Cyprian, and his article (‘‘/zbellz ”) in Smith
and Cheetham’s Dict. Chr. Antigq., ii., 982.
2“ Lents”: 2.¢,, quarentanes.
by Canon Chr. Wordsworth. 17
alleviation of pains and punishments due to sins. A century
later |this was asserted as a dogma by Pope Clement VI.. From
some such a “Fund” it. was held that the Church, through her
Bishops, was able, and had long since been wont, to distribute re-
missions to atone for the shortcomings of sinners: Leo IX. gave
a plenary indulgence? to Edward the Confessor in 1060, and
Urban IL, in a council held at Clermont in 1095 issued a plenary
indulgence for those who took up arms to recover the Holy Land
from the infidel. Plenary indulgences are proclaimed at the Papal
jubilee, which was established, somewhat before 1300, and which,
under present arrangements, takes place every twenty-five years.
In the latter part of the 12th century it was usual for a bishop
to grant a few days’ relaxation of penance enjoined, commonly
ealled a pardon, for those present and in a state of grace (contrite and
confessed) on such occasions as his consecration to the episcopate,
or his dedicating of a Church. St. Hugh of Lincoln had begun in
1186 with granting a pardon of thirteen days. Later on, in his
anxiety to encourage contributions to the fabric of his Cathedral,
! Indulgence is defined by Amort, quoted in Addis and Arnold’s Catholic
Dictionary as “a remission of the punishment which is still due to sin after
sacramental absolution, this remission being valid in the court of conscience
and before God, and being made by an application of the treasure of the
Church on the part of a lawful superior.
2 Plenary indulgences remit all, partial indulgences remit a portion, of the
temporal punishment due to sin: for example, an indulgence of forty days
remitS as much temporal punishment as would have been atoned by forty
days of canonical penance. With some it has been held as a pious opinion
that a plenary indulgence remits also all the pains of purgatory. Indulgences,
may be temporal—z.e., granted only for a time; or they may be perpetual,
or indefinite, which last till they arerevoked. The earliest known specimen
of small type used in printing is the indulgence of Pope Nicholas V. produced
at Mainz by Schoeffer in 1454 or 1455. It includes a provision for plenary:
indulgence im mortzs articulo, and contains the phrase “‘remittendo tibi
penas purgatorii” and contains a form of receipt or acknowledgment for a
contribution towards expenses of the war of 1451 against the Turks and
Saracens. (Fac-simile in the Z%mes extra number, 10th Sept., 1912.)
Personal indulgences are those granted to particular persons. Local
indulgences may be gained only in a particular place. Real indulgences are
those attached to crucifixes, medals, scapulars, &c. Catholic Dict., s.v.
“Tndulgences.” Yoore
VOL. XXXVIII.—NO. CXIX. Cc
18 Wiltshire Pardons or Indulgences.
when his end was drawing near in 1200, he offered a pardon of
eighty days to such as should assist in that good work.
In 1184 King Henry II. employed Templars and Hospitallers
to make collection (as a kind of subsidy) for the second Crusade,
pardons being given by way of encouragement. ‘They were granted
likewise to induce believers to build chapels, churches, and minsters,
to aid hospitals or almshouses, and to make or repair bridges, roads,
or causeways. The uumber of days granted by an indulgence or
“pardon,” as it was commonly called in England, varied normally
from ten to thirteen, up to twenty or forty days’ relaxation of
penance enjoined. St. Hugh of Lincoln (as already mentioned)
had granted as many as eighty days, but the Council of Lateran
in 1215 restricted a bishop to grants of not more than forty days
- at a time, except on the occasion of his dedicating a Church, when
he might grant a year’s indulgence pro ala vice; but only forty
days could be gained on subsequent anniversaries of that local
festival. It became necessary to stigmatise the evil practices of
over-zealous and unscrupulous “collectors ” and hawkers of indul-
gences who came to be known as quaestuarw rather than quaestores,
and gave a bad reputation to the “Pardoner” in the popular
literature of the fourteenth century. In June, 1546, the Council
of Trent forbade quaestuarw to preach either personally or by
substitute. (Sessio, v. cap. 2.) The Council of Vienne denounced
eight evil practices of pardoners in 1312, and certain English
Bishops before and after that date took steps to curb the extravagant
issue of pardons. The authoritative service-books of Salisbury Use
contain some references to indulgences. The lessons appointed for
mattins on the feast of the Visitation of B. Mary declare and recite
’ the pardons granted by Pope Urban VI. (c. 1378—89) to encourage
worshippers to observe the feast on July 2nd, viz., by a gift of
one hundred days for attendance at mattins, mass, and evensong,
forty days for each of the little hours, and one hundred days of
penance enjoined, for attendance at mattins, mass, evensong, and
hours through the octave (Brev. Sarum, iii., 397—8). Similar in-
dulgences granted by Urban IV. with respect to Corpus Christi
festival (1264) are in the lessons (20. i. cols. mlxvili,, mlxix.) The
By Canon Chr. Wordsworth. 19
Missa de nomine Jesu, indulgenced by Rob. Hallam, Bp. of Sarum,
in 1411, is published in the York Missal (ed. Henderson, ii., 216).
The rubries of the Sarum Jfissale ed. 1861—83, following the text
of 1526, set forth five indulgences, ranging in date from cir. 1200
to 1400 (cols. 927*, 890*, 886*, 455 n., and 750*), and attached to
the recitation of prayers, gospels, and votive masses.
In his Cathedral statutes, sealed 26th October, 1319, Bp. Roger
| de Mortival directed that the benefit of indulgences (indulgentiarwm
munera)toencourage contributions to the Salisbury Cathedral fabric
| fund should be for the future published by emissaries (nwncios) sent
| by the President and Chapter, not only in the Cathedral Church
itself but in every place in the city and diocese, every year on the
| eight Sundays from the first Sunday in Lent to the octave of Easter
| inclusive, and that all other pardoners (quaestores) from whatsover
| quarter they came, should be absolutely inhibited during that
| period, and be excluded from making their appeals for other
| charitable objects, during the eight weeks when the indulgences
issued “by the holy fathers [his] predecessors and other Catholic
Bishops,” together with an additional xl. days, promised by himself,
were solemnly published to the faithful people (Statuta Sarum ms.
) HE. f. 13° cap. xxii, A.D. 1319). Indulgences for Salisbury Cathe-
| dral fabric were issued previously in 1225, 1235, 1280, and 1286.
) Indulgences to encourage prayer for the souls of bishops and others
buried in the Cathedral are extant, ranging from 1271 to 1328.
The earliest of these! relate to Robert Bingham, who, in 1244 built
Harnham Bridge, as well as St. John the Baptist’s Chapel on the
isle which supports one of its piers, and who was reckoned as a
second founder of the Cathedral Church as well as of St. Nicholas’
Hospital. At the same date (1271) was issued a pardon (like St.
| Hugh of Lincoln’s) for the moderate extent of thirteen days’ penance
enjoined, by Anian II., Bp. of St. Asaph, available for “all persons
truly contrite, confessed, and really penitent, who should recite
the Lord’s Prayer, and Salutation of B.V. Mary, with a faithful
| mind, for the souls of Giles late Bishop (1256—62) and Simon de
| Bridport late Treasurer [and Archdeacon, cir. 1258—70]
1 The un-dated inscription may be earlier than “‘c. 1270.”
¢ 2
20 Wiltshire Pardons or Indulgences.
at the tomb before the altar of B. Mary Magdalen.” This beautiful
tomb stands at the north side of the S.E. transept, and commemo-
rates scenes in the life of Giles de Bridport, founder of De Vaux
College for (Scotist) scholars, evr. 1261, in whose episcopate the
west front of the nave and the roof were finished and the completed
Church was dedicated, 29th Sept., 1258, by Archbishop Boniface.
An indulgence of xiii days was recorded in the partly-obliterated
inscription cut on the second buttress from the east end, on the
south side of the south wall of the Lady Chapel. A conjectural
reading of this inscription is given in our list under the date “ circa
21270,” but it refers to the soul of a certain “ Angnes,” or Agnes,
whose name cannot be identified in extant obit lists
In his Injunctions for Salisbury Diocese in 1538 Bp. Nicholas
Shaxton forbade among other things offerings to be made to images
(No. 14), the use by women of “measures of our Lady” (No. 18),
and directed that “all relics (as they he called) ” should be sent to
him at his house in Ramsbury, or other-where, to be examined.
He undertook in due course to return those which he found genuine,
“with certain instructions how they ought to be used” (No. 21),
and he directed “that the bell called the Pardon, or Ave Bell,
which of long time hath been used to be tolled three times after
or before Divine Service, be not hereafter in any part of my diocese
any more tolled.”? “That the knolling of the Aves after service,
and certain other times, which hath been brought in and begun
by the pretence of the Bishop of Rome’s pardon, henceforth be
left and omitted, lest the people do hereafter trust to have pardon
for the saying of their Aves, between the said knelling, as they
have done in time past.” (J. 11, p. 42.) “The people” (say the
editors) “were accustomed to say Aves when the bells rang for
service, and received indulgences for doing so.” John XXII.
(Pope 1316—34) recommended the saying of three Aves when the
1 Agnes, wife of Nicol Hardyng, and Agnes Barowe, are named in the
bedes of a later period. Salisbury Ceremonies (1901), p. 31.
2(No. 22.) Visitation Articlesand Injunctions, Frere & Kennedy, Alcuin
Club, ii., p. 60. This was in accordance with No. 16 of the Second Royal
Injunctions (A.D. 1538.)
Bu Canon Chr. Wordsworth. 21
curfew rang. “In 1399 Abp. Arundel ordered an Ave to be said
universally in the province of Canterbury at daybreak and at
curfew. Out of this custom grew the ringing of the “ Angelus,”
which was otherwise known as the Ave-bell or the Gabriel-bell.” 1
I find this in the Metford Register at Salisbury, f.; 143.2 12th
Feb., 1399+-1400. “Mandatum pro pulsacione ignitegii et Day
| bell.” The Abp. gives indulgence of forty days for recitation
jof the Lord’s Prayer and five Aves. Indulgences were often
| mentioned in the descriptive title-pages of printed Horae
| beatissimae Virginis Mariae ad usum Sarisburiensis ecclesic, at
| least as early as 1010. In some such primers upwards of thirty
}indulgenced prayers are set forth, many of them offering re-
| missions and pardons of hundreds and thousands of years, with
a profusion which the Council of Trent subsequently repudiated.
|Some of the indulgences mentioned in the Sarum Primer are’
| attributed to early Popes; but several of the largest, to those of the
| latter part of the 15th century. The books which contained such
| indulgenced prayers were forbidden under the name of “ rubric
| primers” by Ridley in 1550 and Hooper in 1551 within their
| dioceses,” and by Bp. Guest as “superstitious popish primers” in
156532 In 1548 Cranmer referred to the fact that in time past
jsuims of money had been bestowed upon pardons by persons on
|their deathbeds or at other times.t It was the custom to bury a
[puchnont scroll, on which the absolution was written, in the
| grave with the body of the deceased person to whom it was granted.®
In the 15th and 16th centuries after the Bidding of the Beads
| in Salisbury Cathedral Church on Sundays, or at such time as the
} relics of the Church were proclaimed, notice was published in
Latin or English (both forms being entered in the Precentor’s
) Processionale) that a total of nineteen years and three hundred and
sixteen days of pardon was available for those present and qualified
'(ubs supra, ii., 42 n.) 7 Frere’s Visitation Articles, 11., 244, 277.
3 Thb., iii., 157. Dr. Edmund Guest was Bp. of Rochester from 1560 till
1571, when he was translated to Sarum.
allie Tole, Wek, 5 Tb., iii., p. 304, n.
22 Wiltshire Pardons or Indulgences.
to receive it, the “summa totalis” being made up of (1) a total of
eight years and forty-one days specially granted for those whovisited
the Church of Salisbury on the occasion when the said notice was
to be given (which the MS. does not specify, as it was well known,
doubtless, to the dignitary who used it), and (2) the indulgence “ of
old time granted” to this Church, viz. eleven years! and one
hundred and seventy-five days. One of the readers of this Magazine
may be able by exercise of his arithmetical powers to divine from
the succeeding list (a) how the two sub-totals (1) and (2) were made
up, and hence (0) on what occasion, or occasions, the notice was
given out in Salisbury Cathedral.
A LIST of one hundred and sixty INDULGENCES and docu-
ments thereto relating, as granted to the Church of Salisbury
or other Churches in Wilts, or registered by Bishops of Salisbury
about the years 1170—1536.
cur. 1165—9. 40 days, granted by Thomas [Becket], Abp. of Canter-
bury, to those who visit the relics at St. Peter’s, Heytesbury, on the
Invention of the Cross. ‘“Pauperibus ecclesws.” Osmund Register, 1., 343.
cir. 1165—9. 20 days, granted by Nligel], Bp. of Ely, to those who visit
St. Peter’s, Heytesbury, and give their alms, on the feast of the Inven-
tion of the Cross. ‘“‘ Pauperibus ecclesiis.” Osmund Register, 1., 344.
cir. 1200. Indulgences, granted by Pope Innocent III. for saying Three
Prayers of the Passion: Coll. “D. J. C., Filt Dei vivi qui pro redemp-
tione” ; Secret “ Auatlientur” ; and Postcom. “‘ Domine Deus de Deo,”
Missale Sarum, p. 927.*
[1225]. 30 days granted by Stephen [Langton], Cardinal of H. Roman
Church, Abp, of Canterbury, ‘‘ ad fabricam B. Marie Sar. de.nouo con-
struendam.” (marked ‘1.”). Hist. Ms. Report, 8vo. 1. (1901) p. 377.
The Abp. preached on 29 Sept., 1225, and celebrated service in the
nova basilica, when the Lady-Chapel was built. [S. 1.].?
‘ 7 have overlooked the mistake of ‘* vjanni” (where I ought to have given
“ xj”) in my Salisbury Ceremonies and Processions, p. 41, ine 11. On the
subject of Indulgences I may refer to Methuen’s Antiquary’s Books (Old
English Service Books, pp. 286—293 (1904, &c.,) and to my paper on York-
shire Pardons and Indulgences ; Yorks. Archeol. Soc. Transactions, xvi., 369
—423 (1901).
2 The entries marked ““S” in the present list belong to a series of 58
original (MS.) pardons or indulgences, some with seals attached, preserved
in the Muniment Room of Salisbury Cathedral (Press IV.), which Chr. W.
was allowed to examine and arrange a few years ago. Some of these were
previously described by Mr. Reginald L. Poole in Hist, MSS. Report, 8vo.,
(various) i., pp. 377 —879, issued in 1901, The “old numbers” which are
also given in our list, with marks of quotation, may have some interest for
future research.
By Canon Chr. Wordsworth. 23
cir. 1235, 40 days granted by Edmund, Abp. of Canterbury, to con-
tributors to the structure of Salisbury Cathedral Church (marked 23).
“Sane, . . . dilectissimi. Seal, green wax: St. Edmund, Abp.
6 medallions. Verso, martyrdom of St. Thomas. [Box “Edmund,” |
Report (1901) pp. 377—8.
cir. 1235, 40 days, granted by [St.] Edmund [Rich. of Abingdon], Abp.
of Canterbury, to contributors to the fabric of Salisbury Cathedral.
“ Si jucta sapientis,” n.d. (Duplicate, but seal lost.) ([S. 2.]
1253. 1 year and 40 days, granted by Pope Innocent IV., promulgated
by William of York, Bp. of Sarum, to contributors to S. Paul’s, London.
Feb., 1252—3. Camden Soc., N.S. xxvi., pp. 3,4. ex Brit.Mus. Add.
Charter 5957.
1258. “Licet is, cuius munere.” 100 days, granted by Pope Alexander IV.
to visitors at Salisbury Cathedral Church on the feast of the Assump-
tion (15 Aug.).
40 days, ditto, at Candlemas (2 Feb.) and
40 days, ditto, at the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin (8 Sept.).
Sum, 180 days. 21 May, 1258.
Misdated by Benson & Hatcher, p.734. Registrum Rubrum, 120 ;
Sarum Charters, p. 329.
1258. 122 days are granted by Abp. Boniface and his suffragans (besides
Papal indulgences, &c.) to those who go ad certam ecclesiam to observe
the dedication festival octaves of Salisbury Cathedral. Emman. Coll.,
Cambridge, MS. I. 2, 6, f. 174. |
1261. 40 days, granted by Giles de. Bridport, Bp. of Sarum, to contribu-
tors to St. Paul’s, London. Camden Soc. NS.. xxvi., p. 176, n. 40.
1264. Granted by Walter de la Wyle, Bp. of Sarum, to contributors to
St. Paul’s, London. H. H. Milman, Annals of S. Paul’s, app. c.
1266. 20 days, granted by Walter de la Wyle, Bp. of Sarum, to persons
attending Lincoln Sermons, and reciting 3 Paters and 8 Aves for the
soul of H. de Lexington, Bp. of Lincoln. Zencoln Muniments.
1270, 30 days, granted by Robert Kilwardby, for prayers at the tomb
- of Harl W. Longespe. Salisbury Ceremonies, p. 43. [Hatcher’s] Hist.
& Descriptive Account of O. & N. Sarum, 1834, p. 40.
cur, 21270, or earlier. 13 days’ pardon granted at Salisbury, for a Pater
and 5 Aves, at the tomb of Agnes. xiith century inscription on a
buttress outside the south side of the Salve or Lady Chapel, near St.
Stephen’s altar and porch (now blocked up). The buttress having had
a niche and a square opening, apparently for a tablet, cut in the face
of it, there is about one-third of the lettering of the indulgence entirely
destroyed. It was presumably either this inscription, or else the
curious epitaph of Precentor Adam Mottram, A.D. 1415, which is cut
on the next buttress, westward of the indulgence before us (and which
Mr. A. R. Malden has deciphered and described in W. A. Mag., xxxv.,
359), that Leland appears to have found already illegible in 1540, when
he left a blank space for it in his Jtenerary; see Miss L. T. Smith’s
edition, 1907, i., p. 265, as ““in one of the mayne butteres (of the south
isle again the high altare) of the chirch an inscription . .. [ZLatn]
sumwhat defacid.” It may be read, I think, as follows :—
24 Wiltshire Pardons or Indulgences.
PX t121': kD (LES: FEENIE: O1R
ACION[EM : DOMJINICAm
DICEN[7TIJBVS : CVm:]V : SAL -
VTAC[IONIBVS : BEAJTE: V
IRGIN(JS: PRO: ANIM)A : AN
GNET[JS : HEIC : REQ]VIES
CENT[ZS : ]
The buttress is 2ft. 114in. in width. The Lombardic letters are one
inch and nine-sixteenths high.
1271. 18 days granted by fr. Anian II.. Bp. of St. Asaph, for the Church
of Salisbury. Pater and Ave at altar of B. Mary Magdalene, for Bp.
Giles, and treasurer, Simon de Bridport.! Sandwych, 11 June, 1271.
“ Qua aliorum sufragus” [Box “ Asaph” &c.}. [S.3.] Report, 378.
1271. 40 days granted by William [de Bitton], Bp. of Bath & Wells, to
benefactors of Salisbury and prayers for the peace of the realm and
the soul of Robert [Bingham] Bp. Warminster, 12 kl. Nov. 1271.
“ Indultum nobis celitus (good seal).” [Box “ Wells, Exeter.”| [S. 4.]
1273. 40 days, granted by Anian II., Bp. of St. Asaph, for prayers for
the soul of ? Robert [? Bingham] formerly Bp. of Sarum “ coram sup-
premo altari virginis.” “Cum, sicut sancta tenet ecclesia.” Sarum,
vigil of St. Valentine, 1272—3. [S. 5.]
1274, 40 days, granted by Peter, Bp. of the Orkneys, to those who wor-
ship at Salisbury Cathedral.
1274. 40 days. granted by Robert, of Holy Isle, Bp. of Durham, for
worshippers at Salisbury Cathedral.
cir. 1277. 40 days, granted by Archibald, Bp. of Moray, to worshippers
at Salisbury.
1277. 20 days, granted by Robert de Stuteville, Bp. of Dunkeld, to wor-
shippers at Salisbury Cathedral.
1278. 40 days, granted by Godefridus [Giffard], Bp. of Worcester, for
prayers for the soul of W. Longespee, in the chapel of B. Mary.
Blockelegh, 8 kl. May, 1278. [One of the largest pieces of parch-
ment among the pardons preserved at Salisbury.] [S. 6.] ;
1278. 30 days, granted by William, Abp. of Edessa [Ragensis], for —
prayers for the soul of “ Earl” W. Longespe. [S.7.] Report, p. 379.
1278. 40 days granted: by David [MacCarvill], Abp. of Cashel, for say-
ing Pater and Ave for the soul of W. Longespe, Knt., buried in the ©
chapel of B. Mary. Cone 4 Kl. Jul., 1278. [Box “ Wor wich,” ee.)
Seal. [S. 8.]
1279. 20 days granted a Robert [Burnell], Bp. of Bath and Wells, for
prayers for the soul of W. Longespey, earl of Salisbury. Stockbridge,
6 id. Apr., 1279. [S. 9.]
' Bp. Giles de Bridport (or “ Brudeport”) died 13th Dec., 1262. His ©
brother Symon occurs in records as Archdeacon of Dorset in 1258, and of
Berks in 1262, but we have not been able to ascertain when he was treasurer,
nor when he died.
By Canon Chr. Wordsworth, 25
1280. 40 days granted by John [de Derlington], Abp. of Dublin, for the
fabric of Salisbury Cathedral. 5 Kl. Apr., 1280, a° consecracionis, 1°.
“ Vt nos allectiwis.” (Marked “5.”) [S. 10.]
1281. 20 days, granted by“ . . . . . ~ rensis ecclesie minister
humilis,” for prayers for the soul of Hilde . . . de Lande, knt.
1281. Sarr’ die s. Lurgencij, martiris (? 10 Aug.) 1281. (Fragment).
[S. 11.]
| 1283. 30 days, granted by [Peter Quivil] Bp. of Exeter, for prayers for
the soul of John de Lacey, son of the noble earl of Lincoln. 4 kal Jan.
(28 Dec.), 1283. [S.12.] Report (1901), p. 378.
1285, 15 days granted by fr. John [Peckham], Abp. of Canterbury for
prayers for the soul of W. Lungespeye, knt. Wilton, 10 kl. Jun., 1285.
a° consecracionis, vlj. (Marked “D.” [S. 13.]
1286. 40 days granted by William [de Breuse], Bp. of Llandaff, for the
fabric of Salisbury. 1 kal. May, 1286. Silk strings and seal. [Box
“ Asaph,” &c.] [S.14.] Report (1901) p. 378.
1287, July 3ist. Robert [Macdonagh, Ord. Cistercien], Bp. of Cork,
grants 40 days pardon to visitants at the Chapel of the B. Mary V. in
Maiden Bradley Priory, provided that their own diocesans confirm the
the privilege. Chane. Miscell. Bundle 15, No. 6 F. 2, printed in Wilts
N. and Q,, vii., 249—50. “Gratum obsequium et Deo pium.”
1288. 40 days, granted by Henry (de Braundeston], Bp. of Sarum, “ Ut
ex deprecacione.” Wodeford, 7 id. Feb., 1287—8. [S. 15.]
1288. 40 days, granted by Godfrey [Giffard], Bp. of Worcester, for
prayers for the soul of H. de Braundeston, ‘‘ Aliorum in futuro.” Boy-
ton, 4 kl. Dec., 1288. [S. 16.]
1289. 20 days, granted by William [de la Cornere], Bp. of Sarum for
prayers for the soul of W. Longespee, earl of Salisbury. Woodford,
6 kl. Oct., 1289. ‘* Mortuorum memoria.” [S. 17.]
1291, 40 days, granted by Nicholas Longespe, Bp. of Sarum, for con-
tributors to Salisbury.
1291. 40 days, granted by Thomas Inglethorpe, Bp. of Rochester, for
worshippers at Salisbury.
1291. 20 days, granted by John [de Saunford], Abp. of Dublin, for the
soul of W. de Longespeye, earl of Salisbury. Sarum, id. Sept., 1291.
[Box “ Norwich,” &c. Seal.] [S. 18.] Report (1910), p. 379.
1292. 40 days, granted by Thomas [St. Ledger], Bp. of Meath [Midensis],
for prayers for the soul of W. de la Cornere. Stanes, 8 kal. Mar.,
1291-2. [(S. 19.]
1292, April 26. Robert [| Macdonagh], Bp. of Cork, grants 20 days pardon
to persons coming to Maiden Bradley Churchyard and saying one
Pater and Ave for the soul of Ric. de Piperharewe, buried there.
‘Chancery Miscell. Bundle 15, no. 6 F. 3. (cf. A.D, 1287, July 31, above).
Printed in Wzlts N. and Q., 1909, 250. “ Ut ex deprecacione vivorum.”
1298, 40 days, granted by fr. Nicholas [Cusack] O. F. M., Bp. of Kildare
[ Darensis], for prayers for the soul of W. de la Cornere. London, 12
kl. Jul., 1298. [Box “ Norwich,” &c, Seal.] [S. 20.] Report, p. 379.
1293. 40 days, granted by William [de Marchia], Bp. of Bath and Wells.
London, 11 Kal. Jul., 1293 a*. consecr. 1°. [S. 21.]
26 Wiltshire Pardons or Indulgences.
1293. 40 days, granted by John [de Saunford], Abp. of Dublin, for
prayers for the soul of W. de la Cornere [who had been Abp. elect of
Dublin, in 1279]. ‘‘Obsequium Deo.” London, 1 Jul., 1293. [S. 22.]
1293. 40 days, granted by Thomas [de Wuldham] Bp. of Rochester, for
prayers for the soul of W. de la Cornere.? Danstede Polor juxta Cantuar.
2 id. Jul., 1293. [S. 23.]
1293. 40 days, granted by Oliver [Sutton], Bp. of Lincoln, for prayers
for the soul of W. dela Cornere. “ Operibus pietatis.” London, prid.
id. Nov., 1293. [S. 24.].
1294. 40 days, granted by [Nicholas Longespe] Bp. of Sarum, for prayers
for the soul of Lawrence de Hakbourn, formerly canon [preby. of
Ruscomb, 1284—8. He had been elect, but not consecrated, to the
bishopric in Aug., 1288]. “ Relaxacionis remedium.” Sarum, 13 kl.
May, 1294. [S. 25.]
1294. 920 days, granted by Thomas [de Bytton], Bp. of Exeter, for
prayers for the soul of W. de la Cornere. London, 2 non. Jun., 1294.
“ Ahhorum in futuro.” ([S. 26.]
1294, 40 days, granted by Lfeolin de Bromfield], Bp. of St. Asaph, for 7
saying Pater and Ave for the soul of W. de la Cornere, canon. Lon-
don, Sat after 21 Sept., 1294. “ Obsequium Deo.” Seal (border lost).
Box “ Asaph,” &c.] [S. 27.] Report (1901), p. 379.
1294, 40 days, granted by Ric. [de Swinefeld], Bp. of Hereford, for
prayers for the soul of W. de Corneriis. London, 10 kal. Oct., 1294
(marked “‘D”). Seal (border lost). ‘‘ Quonzam nobis, precibus.” [Box |
“Asaph,” &c.}. |S. 28.] Report (1901), p. 397.
1294. 40 days, granted by Ralph [de Walpole], Bp. of Norwich, for 7
prayers for the soul of W. de la Cornere. London. 10 kl. Oct., 1294.
“ Obsequium.” [Box ‘‘ Norwich,” &c., fragment of seal] [S. 29.]
1294. 40 days granted by John (le Romain, “ Romanus ”], Abp. of York,
for prayers for the soul of W. de la Cornere. Totenhale, 8 kl. Oct.,
1294, a° pontif. ix. [S. 30.]
1294. 40 days, granted by Thomas [de Wuldham], Bp. of Rochester, for —
prayers for the soul of Earl W. Longespe. [S. 31.] 2
cir. 1295. ? days granted by Thomas [de Bytton], Bp. of Exeter (1292— —
1307), for prayers for the soulof{? . . . . . +) centor of Sarum,
who is buried before the altar of St. Katharine. Chard, pr. id. Jul.,
12. . (Fragment). [S. 32.]
1295. 40 days, granted by Roger [de Molend.], Bp. of Coventry and
Lichfield, for prayers for the soul of Earl W. Longespe. “ Cleri et
populi.” 5 id. Nov., 1295, a° consecracionis xxviii’. [S. 33.]
1295. 30 days, granted by Gilbert [de Sancto Leofardo], Bp. of Chich-
ester, for prayers for the soul of W. Longespe. London, 4 non. Dec.,
1295. [S.34.] Hist. MSS. Report (1901), p. 379.
1295. 40 days, granted by John [de Pontissara], Bp. of Winchester, for
worshippers at Salisbury Cathedral saying Pater and Ave for the soul
of Earl W. Longespe. |“ Jortworum memoria.” London, 4 Non. Dec.
1295. [S. 35.]
1 Succentor J. de Middleton d. after 1291.
By ‘Canon Chr. Wordsworth. 27
1295. 40 days, granted by Anian, Bp. of Bangor, for-prayers for the soul
of W.de la Cornere. “ Obseqguiwm Deo gratum.” [S. 36.]
1296. 40 days, granted by Walter de Langton, Bp. of Coventry and
Lichfield, for Salisbury fabric.
1297. 40 days, granted by William [de Marchia], Bp. of Bath and Wells,
for prayers for the soul of Nicholas Longspee, Bp. Wilton, 10 Kal.
Jun., 1297. [S. 37.]
1298. 40 days, granted by fr. William [de Hotham], Abp. of Dublin, for
prayers for the soul of W. de la Cornere. “ Obsequium Deo gratum.”
London, 8 March, 1297—8. [S. 38.]
1299. 40 days, granted by Nic. (? Ric. de Ferings), Abp. of Dublin, to
worshippers at Salisbury Cathedral.
1299. 40 days, granted by Simon [de Gandavo] Bp. of Sarum, for prayers
for the soul of W. de Corneriis, “‘ Humani generis.” Ramsbury, 7 id.
Aug., 1299. [S. 39.]
cir. 1300. 40 days granted for saying Pater and Ave for the soul of
Felippur de Salc[eto]. Inscription in French, outside the porch of
Semington Chapel. See Aubrey & Jackson, p. 355; Wilts N. and Q.,
lil., 475.
1300. 40 days, granted by Nicholas[Chevers], Bp. of Leighlin [ Lechlini-
ensis], for prayers for the soul of W. dela Cornere. ‘“ Quoniam ut act.”
Dublin, Friday after the Conv. of St. Paul, 1299—1300. [S. 40.]
1300. 40 days, granted by Simon [de Ganiarcl. Bp. of Sarum, for prayers
for the soul of Nicholas Lunggespeye, Bp. “ Human generis lapsum.
Ramsbury, non. Jul., 1300, a°. consecr. i1j°. [S. 41.]
1301. 40days, coamaenl by Godfrey | Giffard], Bp. of Worcester, for prayers
for the soul of Nic. Longespe, Bp. “Ut animis.” Hartlebury, non. Jun.,
1301. [S. 42.]
71804. [A grant by Caducanus, Bp. of Bangor, is noted (by Hatcher) in
Account of Salisbury, 8vo, Salisb., p. 41. Anian was the Bishop of
Bangor cerca 1267 —1306, according to Sir T. D. Hardy, though Le Neve
gave a Caducan IT. in 1303.]}
1304, Licencia pro admittendis fratribus hospitalis S. Spiritus de urbe
Romana. (Addressed to all abbots, priors, and archdeacons.) 7 K1.
May, 1304. Regist. Gandavo, f. 41.
1305. 40 days, granted by Robert [Winchelsey] Abp. of Canterbury, for
the soul of Nicholas Longespe, Bp., “‘ Zzcet clare.” Winton, 4 id. Nov.,
1305. [S. 43.]
1305. 40 days, granted by John de Halneton, or Halghton, tor Salisbury
fabric.
1306. 40 days, granted by Henry [de Merewell], Bp. of Winchester, for
prayers for the soul of Nic. longespe, Bp. “ Mortuorum memoria.”
Highclere, 17 kl. Feb., 1305—6 a° consecr. 1°. (On a large piece of
parchment). [S. 44.]
1306. 40 days, granted by John [de Langton], Bp. of Chichester, for
saying Pater and Ave, for the soul of Bp. Nicholas Loungespeye,
Upham, 4 non. Apr., 1306. [Box, “ Vorwich,” &c.1.) [S. 45.]
| 1806. 40 days, granted by Ralph [de Baldock], Bp. of London, for
28 Wiltshire Pardons or Indulgences.
prayers for the soul of Nicholas Longespe, Bp. ‘‘ Mortuorum memoria.”
Fulham, 2 id. Apr., 1306, [S. 46.]
1308. Radulphi, London. Episcopi mandatum, ne questores de Bethlehem
admittantur in diocesi. 1308. Registr. Gandavo, f. 94.
1309. 40 days, granted by Anian [Seys], Bp. of Bangor, for prayers for
the soul of Bp. Nicholas Longespe. London, Wed. after 30 Nov., 1309.
[Box “ Sarum, Bangor.” Fragment of seal.] [S.47.] Report, p. 379.
1310. 30 days, granted by Walter [Stapeldon], Bp, of Exeter, for prayers
for the souls of Ralph of York, Chancellor, and W. de Cherdestok.
Faringdon, 27 May, 1310. ‘“ Mortuorum memoria.” ([Box, “ Wells,
Exeter.”| (S. 48.]
1310. 40 days, granted by John [de Drokenesford], Bp. of Bath and
Wells, for prayers for the soul of Ralph of York, Chancellor.
Also 30 days, for the soul of W. de Chardestok. . “* Mortworum memoria.”
7 kl. Jul, 1310. [S. 49.]
1310. 30 days, granted by Simon [de Gandavo], Bp. of Sarum for prayers
for the soul of Ralph of York, Chancellor of Sarum, 4 id. Sep., 1313.
“ Humam generis lapsum.” [S. 50.]
1310, Thirty days, granted by Simon [de Gandavol], Bp. of Sarum, for
prayers for the soul of W. de Cherdstok, canon. Sarr., 4 id., Sept., 1310.
[S. 51.J :
1310, 40 days, granted by John [de Keton], Bp. of Ely, for prayers for
the soul of Peter de Gurumvill [preb. of Bedminster and Redcliffe,
1298—1310.] “ Mortuorum memoria.” London, 1 Nov., 1810, a°. cons.
19, [S. 52.)
1310. 40 days, granted by Anian [Seys! Bp. of Bangor, for prayers for
the soul of Peter de Gurimyill, canon. “ Pra obseguia,” London, 4 Nov.,
1310, a° 1°. [S. 53]
1310, 40 days, granted by John [de Monmouth], Bp. of Llandaff, for
prayers for the soul of Mr. Peter deGorumvile, canon, who is buried in
the Black Friars Church, London. “ Ut Gna podem. London,
4 non, Nov., 1310. [S. 54.]
1310. 80 days, granted by Walter [Stapledon], Bp. of Exeter, for Pater
and Ave for the soul of Peter de Gromvill, formerly Canon of Sarum,
buried [1310] in church of friars preachers (Blackfriars), London.
Stockwell, near London, 6 Nov., 1310. “ Mortuorum memoria.” [Box
“ Wells, Exeter.” | [S. 55.]
1311. 30 days, granted by John |de Dalderby], Bp. of Lincoln, for prayers
for the soul of Mr. Peter de Grunvill Rector of Whitchurch, in dio.
Lincoln, Canon of Sarum. Wimborn, 9 kl. Jun., 1311. “ Pewm
noumus.” [S. 56.]
1315. 39 + 80 + 40 days, granted by Roger de Mortival, for visitants on
festivals at Shaftesbury. Mortival Regist., 11., f. 1.
1316. 40 days, granted by Roger de Mortival, Bp. of Sarum, to con-
tributors to the old work and the belfry of St. Paul’s, London. Dugdale,
St. Paul’s, p. 10; Camden Soc., N.S., xxvi., p. 177.
1329. Oct. 26th. Statute of Roger de Mortival, Bp., cap. 22. “De
indulgenciis pro fabrica publicandis.” For the Cathedral at Salisbury.
By Canon Chr. Wordsworth. 29
“ Orbis Factor.” Directs that such indulgences be proclaimed on the
Sundays in Lent and until Low Sunday, and offers an additional grant
of 40 days, to those visiting the Church during those times. Statutes of
Salisbury Cathedral, 1883, pp. 49, 50.
1312. Oct. 26th. Statute of Roger de Mortival, cap. 38. “De reliquiis
et veneracionibus sanctorum ” offers 40 days to those of his own diocese
(and to others where their own bishops approved), visiting Salisbury,
Cathedral on the anniversary feast of its dedication. “‘ Vunguam vsus.”
Statutes of Salisbury Cathedral,” 1883. pp. 68, 69.
1320. 40 days. Mandatum ad publicandum indulgenciam benefactoribus
ecclesie Sar. 7 kl. Feb., 1819—20. Mortival Regist., f. 92.
cir. 1320. 40 days, granted by Roger de Mortival, Bp. of Sarum, to hearers
of sermons by Canons of Salisbury. JMJorteval Regist., ii., f. 104.
cir. 1826. Indulgencia pro pace inter reges Anglie et Francie. Mortival
Regist., 1., 202.
1327. 140 days, granted by Roger {de Mortival], Bp. of Sarum, for
prayers for the soul of Ralph of York. Pottern, 10 kl., Oct., 1327.
[S. 57.]
1327. 30 days, granted by Roger [de Mortival], Bp. of Sarum, for prayers
for the soul of W. de Cherdstock, canon. 10 kal., Oct., 1327. [S. 58.]
cir. 1328. Littera tangen’ tumbam Symonis de Gandavo, nuper Episcopi
Sar. Mortival Regist., ii., f. 248.
1328. 40 days, granted by Roger [de Mortival, Bp. of Sarum, for prayers
for the soul of Bp. Nicholas Longespe. Sarum, kal. Mar., 1827—8 a°
consecr., xiij. [Box “Sarum, Bangor.” Sealimperfect.] [S. 59.]
21334. 300 days, granted by Pope John XXII. (?2 Dec., 1334), for saying .
or hearing the gospel. “ Apprehendit Pilatus.” Missale Sarum, p. 890.*
cir. 1335. 40 days, granted for praying for the soul of William de St.
John, parson of Ramsbury. Inscription in French, on a stone in the
chancel at Ramsbury. See EK. Kite, Monumental Brasses of Wilts, p. 10.
cir. 1836. Indulgencia pro hospitali B. Marie Magdalene, de Lyme.
Wywl Regist., i., f. 40.
1340. Indulgencia pro fratre W. Dughernt, paupere heremita, de capella
S. Andree de Bradley in Haukechurch. Wyvil Regist., i., f. 54.
1340. Indulgencia ad orandum pro defunctis. (Particulars not specified. )
Wyvil Regist., i., £. 54.
cir. 1340. Indulgencia pro ecclesia, concernens eccl. Omnium Sanctorum
apud Dorchester in diocesi Lincoln. Wyvil Regist., i., f. 6d.
cr. 1840, Indulgencia concessa ecclesie S. Laurencii juxta Candlewyke-
strete, London. Wyvil Regist., 1., f. 66.
cr. 1348. 260 days, granted by Pope Clement [VI.], for hearing the
mass de mortalitate evitanda. Sarum Missal, p. 886.*
1353. Ad publicandum indulgenciam LEcclesie Sar. pro continuacione
operis sive fabrice. (To be published in Churches from Ist Sunday in
Lent to Low Sunday). Wayvtl Regvst.,1., f., 164.
1355. Littera ad orandum pro R. Shawell pugile electo pro recuperacione
castri Shireburn. Jan., 1855. Wayvil Regist., i., f. 177.
1374—5.- 40 days, granted by Ralph Erghum, Bp. of Salisbury, to en-
courage contributions to the Hospital of Holy Trinity and St. Thomas
,
30 Wiltshire Pardons or Indulgences.
of Canterbury at Rome. See Register of Edmund Stafford, Bp. of
Exeter, i. 22 6. (ed. F. C. H. Randolph, p. 308).
1376. Indulgencia concessa questoribus hospitalis S. Trinitatis Oxon.
22 Mar., 1375—6. Ergham Regist., f. 3.
1376. 40 days, granted by Ra. Ergham in ‘ Littera ad recipiendum pro-
curatores domus 8. Margarite iuxta Marleburg. Ord. S. Gilleberti de
Sempringham.” 2 April, 1376. Hrgham Regist., f. 4.
1276. Indulgencia pro capella S.Johannis Bapt.de Bichstep ioWiambelony
com. Sussex. EHrgham Fegist., f. 5.
cir. 1876. Indulgencia pro Willielmo Holgate capto ab hostibus et in-
carcerato per Francos. Krgham Regist., f. 5.
1379. 3 years and 3 lentings and 600 days, granted to contributors to
Trinity Hospital, Sarum, by Simon Sudbury, Abp. of Canterbury, and
the Bps. of London, Winton, Durham, lly, Lincoln, Sarum (Ergham),
Bath and Wells, Rochester, and St. Asaph. Benson & Hatcher’s
Salisbury, p. 752.
cir. 1386, Mandatum ad orandum pro anima Johannis [{Harewell}
Bathon. et Wellensis Episcopi, qui obiit mense Julio incipiente. A.D.
1386. Ergham Regist., f. 82.
1338. Littera ad colligendum questum cum indulgencia pro hospitali S.
Antonii diocesis Viennensis. 1388. Waltham Regist., f. 6.
1388. Littera questus continens indulgenciam pro prioratuS. Margarete
(ordinis S. Gilberti de Sempringham] de Marleburgh. 1388. Waltham
Regist., f. 8.
1388. Indulgencia, 40 dierum, pro hospitali S. Johannis, prioris, fratrum,
sororum et infirmorum de Wylton, cuius fabrica per temporis lapsum. —
ruinam patitur. Waltham Regist., f. 12. |
1389. 40 days. Indulgencia pro hospitali S. Johannis Baptiste prope —
castrum [veteris] Sarum, et pauperibus degentibus in eodem. 10
Jan., 18388—9. “Ut pauperes hospitalis, Waltham Regist. f. 12. Ben- |
son & Hatcher’s Salisbury, p. 751.
1389. Indulgencia pro ponte de Berebrigge apud Warton in Kendal, dio. ©
Ebor. 31 Jan., 1888—9. Waltham Regist., f. 14.
1389. Indulgencia pro ponte et calceto in parochia de Symondesbury et
Chideock in agro Dorset. 4 Mar., 1388—9. Waltham Regist., f. 12. })
1389. Indulgencia pro visitantibus capellam B. Virginis de Bowe, in |
orientali parte monasterii de Sherborne. Waltham Regist., f. 31.
1391. Monicio generalis super indulg’ pro capella B. Marie super pontem |
orientalem [B. Anne], clausi Sar. Waltham Regist., ii., f. 18. |
1393. Pope Boniface IX. grants 2 years and 2 quarentanes, or Lentings
to the faithful resorting to the house ef the Black Friars of Fisherton,
Salisbury, out of devotion to St. Peter, Martyr. Bullarzum Ordinis
Predicatorum, 11., 332.
1396. Littera Michaelis Sergeant vicarii spiritual., in absencia episcopi,
ad colligendum elemosinas pro hospitali pauperum debilium et infir-
morum §. Trinitatis Sarum, infra parochiam S. Martini 12 Apr., 1396.
Metford Regist., f. 6.
cir. 1396. Littera pro hospitali S. Antonii dioc. Viennensis. JMetford
Regist., 6.
By Canon Chr. Wordsworth. © 31
1396. Indulgencia pro hospitali S. Thome de Acon, Lond. Metford
Regist. cXvii.
1396. 40 days, granted by Richard Metford, Bp. of Sarum, for St. Giles’
Hospital, Wilton, 26 Mar., 1396. Metford Regist. cxix.
1396. Indulgencia super domo leprosorum B. Marie de Langfort, dioc.
Bathon, et Wellen. Metford Regist., cxx.
1396. Indulgencia super domo leprosorum de Honyngton dio. Exon. in
altari B. Nicholai apud Sherborne. Metford Regzst., cxxi.
1396. Indulgence for the common road between Milcent Bawe and
Henxbridge cross ‘‘in nostra diocesi.” Metford Regist., cxxi.
cir. 13896. Indulgencia pro Edmundo Arthur, eremita de S. Maria le
Bowe, apud Sherborne. A/etford Regist., cxxi.
cir. 1897. 40 days. Indulgencia pro capella seu heremitag. S. Andree de
Bradeford, pro reparacione eiusdem. zbed., cxxiii?. (12 Jul.).
1397. Indulgencia pro animabus Johannis et Juliane Underwood de
Litchet Minster. Metford Regist., cxxiilj.
1397. Indulgencia pro Hospitali S. Trinitatis nove Sarum. 2 Sept., 1397.
MUetford Regist., cxxvi.
1400. 40 days, granted by T. Arundel, Abp. of Cant. SHOE repeating Pater
and Ave at the tolling of curfew and day bell. “‘ Mandatum pro
pulsacione ignitegii et Day-bell.” 12 Feb., 1899—1400. Metford
Regist., §. 1438. Cf. Alcwin Club, Collection xv. Injunctions, i1., 42 n.
1411. Against unauthorised pardoners. Monicio ne questores in diocesi
Sar. admittantur pro hospitali contra concilium eonetale Halam
Regist., 15.
1410. Indulgencia pro Jreedificatione ecclesie de Laverstoke. Halam
Regist., 45.
1410. 40 days Indulgencia pro HospitaliS. Johannis Baptiste de Malmes-
bury, 2 June, 1410. Halam Regist., f. 47.
1413. Indulgencia pro visitantibus limina §. Edwardi in monasterio
Shaston jacent. 22 Jan.,1412—13. Halam Regist., f. 56.
1418. 40 days Indulgencia pro domo sive hospitali Trinitatis et S.
Thome martiris in civitate Sarum, concessa Stephano Caselat collectori.
18 Apr., 1418. Chandler Reg., episc. p. iil., f. 3.
1418. Carta super annuo censu solvendo Hospitali S. Johannis Hiero-
solymitani in Anglia apud Clerkenwell. Chandler Reg. Episc.,p. iii.,
f. 5.
1426. Indulgencia concessa monasterio de Wilton. For S. Edith’s
holiday, on September 16th annually. 4 Mar., 1425—6. Chandler
Reg. Episc. p. iii., f. 44.
cir. 1432. Indulgencia cum ordinacione Henrici Chichele, Cantuar,
Archiepi, pro admissione questorum pro tribus hospitalibus tantum ;
viz., Hospitali E. Thome Cantuar, Jo. Shepherd, in Rome. HospitaliS.
Johannis hierosolymitani, the Frary. Et Hospitali S. Antonii, Nevyll
Regist., f. 31.
1440. Indulgencia pro edificacione campanilis de Cranburne. 12 Apr.,
1440. Ayscough Regist., p. ii., f. 45.
cor. 1445. “Summa indulgencie annorum et dierum omnibus visitantibus
hance ecclesiam, vere confessis et contritis hac die, viij. anni. x]j. dies;
32 Wiltshire Pardons or Indulgences.
preter. indulgenciam concessam huic ecclesie, que est xj. anni. clxxv,
dies. Summa. totalis. xix. anni. cce.xvj. dies.” Bidding the Bedes ©
from MS. Processionale, Chapter Library, MS. 148, f. 19°.
(Mr. Malden observes that the grant of 100 days, made by Pope ™
Alexander IV. in 1258, would suffice to make these totals correspond.)
Sum total of Indulgences, czr. 1450. ‘‘It is granted to all her’ beyng at
this tyme able to receue pardon, viij. yer’ xlj. dayes, beside the indul-
gences of old tyme graunted, which is, xj. yer’ iij score and xv. dayes.
Summa totalis, xix. yer’ cccxvj. dayes.” Proclamation of the Relicks
and Indulgences. Saleshury Processions, p. 41, from MS. 148, fo. 19°.
1452. 40 days: Indulgencia pro ecclesia compara de Wodeford. a°. 111°.
Beauchamp Regist., i., f. 16.
1456. 40 days: Indulgencia pro captivis apud Constantinoplim, uxore
et filiis Demetrii Paleologi. 20 Feb.,1555—6. Beauchamp Reg.,1., f. 43.
1457. 10 years [and ?10 lents] on St. Osmund’s Day (4th Dec.), and 3
years and 3 lents, each day within the octave, granted by Pope Callixtus
IIL. to visitors at St. Osmund’s shrine ?total 34 years, 145 days.
Rome, 1 Jan., 1457. Canonization of St. Osmund, p. 234.
1470. Indulgencia papalis plenaria Pauli II. pape, apud S. Thomam
Cantuariensem. 2 non, Jun., 1470. Beauchamp Regist., i. f. 122.
1472—3. 23rd Jan. ; 12 years and 12 lents, granted by Pope Sixtus IV. to
those who visit the Cathedral Church on the obit and Translation of
St. Osmund (4 Dec. & 16 Jul.) and assist in repairs of the fabric. MS.
Miscellanea et Statuta quoad Sarum, f. 12.
1473—1501. Oblations to the fabric of St. Edmund’s, Salisbury, yearly |
at Michaelmas and Lady Day, at the publication of the Papal Indul-
gence. Ch. Wardens’ Accounts, St. Edmund's, Salisbury, pp. 14—53,
361— 9.
1477. April 3. A jubilee indulgence granted by Pope Sixtus IV. to J.
Lyveden [of Brixton Deverill], esquire, and Avice, his wife, of Salisbury
diocese. Certificate by the Abbot of Abingdon, papal collector.”
Salisbury. W. A. Mag., xxxvii., p. 16. Miss Hughes’ MS., No. 30.
1480. Indulgence of “St. Johnys of Jerusalem,” at St. Edmund’s, Salis
bury. Ch. Wardens’ Accounts, p. 25; cf. pp. Xvi., 24, 26.
1487. Littera pro questoribus admittendis pro hospitali S. Marie de
Bethlehem juxta Bishopsgate. 20 Dec., 1487. Beauchamp Regist., ii,
L. 25.
cir. 1448. Littera pro questore S. Thome de Acon. Beauchamp Regist.
ribs IU, Ws
1496. 40 days, granted to those who contribute meat and drink to help
proyide for the concourse of a general chapter of the Carmelites to be
holden at Marlborough Priory in Assumption week, Aug., 1496. Blyth
Regist., p. ii., f. 39.
cir. 1496. Littera testimonialis pro transeunte ad terram sanctam.])
Blythe Regist., p. ii., f. 40.
1503. Indulgencia concessa hospitali S. Johannis de Divisis. 23 Noyv.,
1503. Audley Regist., f. 172.
1508. Indulgencia pro Roberto Key, incendium passo. Audley Regist.
f, 171.
.
”
By Canon Chr. Wordsworth. . 33
} ctr. 1503. Indulgencia pro hospitalibus S. Antonii de Hounslow,S.Thome
de Acon, &e. Audley Regist., f. 172.
1504. Monicione questoresadmittantur sine consensu episcopi. 4 Jan.
1503—4, Audley Regist., f. 114.
1504. Indulgencia pro constitucione capelle S. Anne in parochia de
Remesbury. 14 Jan., 15083—4. Audley Regist., f. 115.
1504, Tudulgencia pro capella de Frome Whytfeld prope Dorchester.
19 Feb., 1503—4. Audley Regist., f. 117.
1506. 40 days: Indulgencia pro ponte de Crawford. 7 Dec., 1506.
| Audley Regist., f. 133.
| 1510. Sept. 5th. ‘‘ Hore beatissime virgins Marie ad vsum Sarisburiensis
ecclesie . . . cum multis oracionibus et indulgenciis zam vltimo
recenter insertis. Printed in 8vo, by Thielman Kerver, Paris, for W.
| Bretton, London.
| cur. 1515. 40 days, granted by Edmund Audley, Bp. of Salisbury (and
the like by Abp. W. Warham, J. Fisher, and other prelates), in support
of a Brief from Pope Leo X., for redemption of Sir J. Pyllett, knight
of the Holy Sepulchre, “from Mauris and Infidels.” Brit. Mus. C.18,
e. 2 (49).
1526. 32,755 years of pardon granted forthe devotion of the Image of
Pity, “and Sixtus the iiij., Pope of Rome (1471—84), hath made the
iiij. and the vy. prayer, and hath dowbulled his forsayde pardon.”
Hore B.V.M. ad usum Sarum, Paris, 1526, f. 54.
1531. ‘The armes of our Lord” “6000 yeres pardon.” The Image of
our Lady, 11,000 years’ pardon, and other such indulgences, in the
Hore B.V.M. ad usum Sarum. 1581. f. 69b. &c.
One seventh part of the remission of all their sins granted by St. Boniface
the Pope, for those who say the Mass of the Five Wounds. Mussale
Sarum p. 750.*
100 days, granted by Pope Urban V., for saying or hearing the mass of
Corpus Christi. Missale ad usum Sarum, 1526, p. 455 n.
/1536. 10,000 years indulgence granted by Pope Alexander VI. (1492—
1503), to penitents for deadly sins, and 20 years for venial sins, totzens
quotvens, for use of a version of the Ave, in which St..Anne is included.
Hore B.V.W. ad usum Sarum, 1535—6; with upwards of 30 other
| indulgences. [Such pardons were known as “ tot quots.”
11538. Injunction (No. 22) for Salisbury Diocese by Nic. Shaxton, Bp. of
/ Sarum (Imprinted at London in Fleet street, at the sign of the Sun, by
John Byddell, and are to sell at the Close-Gate in Salisbury.) “That
the bell called the Pardon, or Ave Bell, which of long time ! hath been
used to be tolled three times after or before Divine Service, be not
hereafter in any part of my diocese any more tolled.” Alcuin Club
Collection XV., 8vo, 1910. Injunctions, i1., p. 60.
1Cf. the 16th of the Second Royal Injunctions of K. Henry VIIL., zhid.,
., 42; where Dr. Frere notes that Pope John XXII. (cer. 1316 —34) recom-
iended the recitation of three Aves at curfew, and Abp. Arundel ordered
in Ave at daybreak and curfew throughout his province. See above, p. 31.
ihe devotion was extended and encouraged by Sixtus [V. at the instance
{ Hlizabeth of York (cer. 1475—84) and by English Archbishops and
bishops, 26th March, 1492. E. Hoskins, Primers, 1901, p. 126.
OL. XXXVIII.—NO. CXIX. D
ot
NOTES AS TO NAMES AND LANDMARKS IN
MARLBOROUGH.
Taken from the Leases (ctr. 1536—1708) recorded in the “ Corporatio
Survey Book,” begun in 1576.
By E. Lu. Gwiiiim.
The Cage. “One tenement called the Cage lying 'in Kyngesbury}
Street.”
Our Lady Chantry.’ From lease dated 10th March, 17°. Eliz. (1575
to Ric. Cornewall.
‘‘betwene a tenement belonging to the late Chauntrey calld our lady
Chauntrey in the tenure of Margaret Taylor of the N. partie and the
churchyarde of St. Maryes of the W. partie.”
Fraternity of the Blessed Name of Jesus. From a lease dated
19th August, 17° Eliz. (1575), to W. Carver.
““A tenement in Kyngesbury Streate, between a tenement late Johnjy
Fryse of the S. part and a tenement sometyme perteyening to the fraternitié,
of the blessed Name of Jesus of the N. parte.”
The Hermitage and Dymer’s Close. From a lease dated 19th}
August, 17th Elizabeth (1575), to Ric. Colman.
“One tenement and a garden adioining, called the Hermitage lying in the
Bally Warde in Marlebrough betwene a tenement of the maior and bur
gesses now in the tenure of J. Cotton of the W. partie and a-certayne lane
leading from the Quenes hye waie unto a certayne close called Dymer’s}
close of the E. partie and extendeth to a meade of the inheritance of
J. Symons of the N. partie and the Quene’s highe waie of the S. partie
And also one cottage or shambles newlie builded in the high strete of
over the gutter that runneth under the cage.”
The Lyon in Herd Street. From a lease dated 19th August, 17
Eliz. (1575).
Two tenements and a close of pasture with two gardens and two curtilages)
in “ Herd Street, ‘‘ betwene the Inne called the Lyon of the S. partie and al
close in tenure of the said T. Pyke of the N. partie.”
' For references to “Our Lady(’s) Chantry,” and to many other Marl)
borough names which occur in this list, see the Zrdex to vol. xxxvi. (A.D
1910) pp. 677—679.
Notes as to Names and Landmarks in Marlborough. 35
) W. Mydwynter’s (now, 1910, Mr. A. M. Adams’) Brewery. Froma
lease, 29th August, 12° Eliz. (1570).
A tenement with orchard and garden on the N, side of the High Street.
““A tenement th’inheritance of Antony Whytehart in the tenure of W. Goffe,
of the W. partie and a tenement belonging to the churche of St. Peter now
in the tenure of W. Mydwynter bocher (Ashton House and brewery, 1910)
lof the E. partie unto a meade called the Harte meade on the N. partie.”
Coolebridge [Cowbridge]. [From a lease, 12th Nov., 16° Eliz. (1574)
to W. Carver.
A tenement with a close of meadow adjoining, lying in the Marsh Ward,
i“ betwene a close of pasture of W. Thynne gent. in the tenure of Ellen
|Collyns widowe of the S. partie and the bridge called Coolebridge of th’ E.
/partie which premisses sometyme belonged to the Hospitall of St. Jo(h)nes
lin Marlebrough.”
| Coolebridge, afterwards called “ Cowbridge.” The bridge leading to the
railway stations and Hospital of St. John, now the Grammar School.
| Cowbridge and Rawlens Well. From a lease, 17 April, 14° Eliz.
}(1572), to Robert Mydwynter alzas Kyng.
/ A close of meadow lying in the Marsh Ward “at th’end of a bridg called
!Cowbridg between the cawsey leading to Cowbridg aforesaid on the W.
| partie and a lane or dyche leading up towardes Rawlens well on th’E. partie
and the Ryver of Kynnett on the S. partie.”
| St. John’s Close and Blynde Lane. From a lease, 16th April, 14°
| Eliz. (1572), to T. Pyke.
| ‘A close of meadow or pasture called St. Jo(h)nes Close in the parish of
Pound’s Close. From a lease, 27th June, 1577, to Ric Collman.
| “One plock of medow called Pounds Close, containing by estimation 12
roddes in length, and in breadth 23 roddes on the E. side of Kyngesbury
|Streat.”
Newland Street. From a lease, 18th July, 7° Eliz. (1565).
“A street ther called Newland” mentioned. (Now named “St. Martins”
after the Church, now demolished, and marked only by the yew tree, near
which it stood).
“ Newlande Street, alias St. Martins Street,” is mentioned in several leases.
Baywater and St. Martin’s Lane. From a lease, 10th Sept., 7°
Eliz. (1565), to Ric. Weare, alas Brown.
“Two closes and a barne whereof one contains by estimation 2 acres and
lyeth at the Bay pyttes* betwene a close in the tenure of Rob. Hanle on the
N. partie and a close in the tenure of J. Cornewall on theS. partie the water
!The meadow S. of the Workhouse.
| ? The lane leading past Deverill House to the Commou.
| 3 At the end of the lane past Poulton Hill cottages.
D 2
36 Notes as to Names and Landmarks vn Marlborough.
called Baywater on the E. partie and St. Martyns lane! on the W. partie.”
Cross Close and Bay pitt Lane. From a lease, 13th Aug., 7° Eliz.
(1565), to Walter Mersam.
“One close of pasture or mead called Crosse close,” containing by estima-
tion 24 acres, lying in the Grene Ward in Marlebrough adjoining to Cole-
harbor on the N. partie, Bay pitt lane* on th’E. partie, St. Martin’s Lane
on the W. partie, and the Quenes highway on the S. partie.”
Chymynage Close. From a lease dated 18th June, 7° Eliz. (1565), to
J. Perrynhefe.
A close called Chymynage close, in Herd Street, “ betwene a close of
Rob. Tubbyas of the S. partie the lane leading from the Thornes into
Blowhorn Street, alias Pylat® Street,! on the N. partie.”
Laney’s Close. From a lease, 14th July, 7° Eliz. (1565) to Ric. Laney.
“One platt of meade in Blowhorne Street.”
“A platt of Rob. Weare gent. in the tenure of Walter Newport of the 8.
partie and platt of ground of T. Pyke sometyme the churche yarde of St.
Martyn’s on th’. partie a close of the maior and burgesses in the tenure
of the said Ric. Laney® on the N. partie and the Quene’s high way on the
W. partie.”
Stonebridge. From a lease, 6th July, 7° Eliz. (1565), to Ric. Colman.
‘A close of pasture in the Greene Warde on th’E. syde of the hygh way
nere to Newbridge,’ betwene the water of Kynnet of the S. partie and a close
in the tenure of T. Chylwey on the N. partie.”
Holdiche and Large’s Close. From a lease, Ist Dec., 5° Eliz. (1562),
to J. Cornwall.
“Three closes of pasture in the Green Ward one called Holdiche,® con-
taining by estimation 2 acres lyeth on th’E. syde of the said ward betwene ~
a close late ‘I’. Bacon’s now in the tenure of the said J. Cornwall of the N.
partie in the town diche on the E. partie the Quene’s high way leading to
Polton bridg on the S. partie.”
“One other close calld Jarges lieth in the said warde nere to Rawlens
well, which containeth by estimation 4 an acre adioyning to a close of the
said J. Cornwall of th’E partie.
And the other of the said 3 closes cont. by est. 4 an acre iyethls in the said
Warde near unto the said well called Rawlens well.
Goddard’s Close. From a lease, 13th June, 28° Hen. VIII. (1536), to
J. Fryse.
1 St. Martin’s Lane=Cold Harbour Lane.
2 Crosse Close, the meadow in front of G. Bailey’s house.
3 Baypitt Lane=Tin Pit Lane.
4 Chymynage Close, now occupied by Mr. Milburn.
Pylat Street, still called Blowhorn Street.
® Still known as Laney’s Close, and so called in the Survey Book in 1688.
See that date.
7 Known as Stonebridge (or Stonybridges) Lane.
S Left-hand side of Poulton Hill.
By HL. Ll. Gwillim. 37
A close of pasture called Goddards close, in a streat called Blowhorne
Street, alzas Pylat Street. .
*Betwene the land sometyme belonging to St. Martyn’s Church on the
N. partie the land of the maior and burgesses of the S. partie and extendeth
from the Kynges high way of the W. partie unto a lane called St. Martyns
lane of th’E partie.
The Bear. From a lease, 16th July, 7° Eliz. (1565), to Philip Colleye.
“A tenement on the S. side of the High Street betwene the inne called
the signe of the Beare on the \V. partie, a smythes shope in the occupation
of Robert Lanford on the E. partie.”
St. Mary’s Church. From a lease, 25th Sept., 4° Ed. VI. (1550), to
Ric. Mayle.
In description of a tenement on E. side of Kingsbury Street.
and extendeth from the Queenes highway on the W. partie unto a close of
pasture lately belonging to our Ladies service in the parish churche of St.
Maries in Marlebrough on th’E. partie.”
St. Katherine's Chantry. From a lease, 11th July, 7° Eliz. (1565),
to Alice Spencer.
A tenement in Bailey Ward [High Street] is described as having “a
tenement of the Quenes Majesty, sometyme belonging to St. Katheryns
Chauntry, on the W. partie.”
Bally Close. From a lease, 26th March, 3° Eliz. (1561), to Walter
Mersam.
“A barn and ground on the W. part of the Bailey Ward betwene a barne
of Antony Whitharte on the S. parte a close of pasture belonging to Barton
Ferme called the Bally Close on the S.W. partie the Quenes highway on
E. partie and the Towne diche on the W. partie.”
Blynde Lane and Hermitage Lane. From a lease ... 4
Eliz. (1561, or 1562), to J. Brownberd.
“A close of meadow on the W. partie of a lane called the Blynde Lane
betwene a close of Rob, Mydwynter of the N. partie and a tenement of
J. Symons on the S. partie, and extendeth from the said lane unto a lane
called Hermitage lane on the W. partie.”
Postern Gate. From a lease, lst Nov., 18° Eliz. (1576), to W. Danyell.
“All that their parcell of leyne ground containing by estimation 2 acre
be it more or less lying together upon the hill on th’K. side of Postern gate
sometym called the Horsedowne ther within the paryshe of Preshutt being
bounded as followeth one end of the same 2 acres begynneth at a merestone
of late newly pight upon th’. parti and extendeth from thence to the ashe
and so along by the olde diche to the waie called Posterngat on theS. partie.
And so from the saide gate upon the new quick set hedg upon the brink
unto another merestone also lately set on the N. side full over right against
first merestone.”
[This is interesting as showing that the Corporation of Marlborough once
had some rights on the Forest Bank. “ Postern Gate” I guess to be “ Five
Stiles ” now.—(E. Il. Gwillim.)]
' Part of Laney’s Close. Pylat Street, still called Blowhorn Street.
ts
38 Notes as to Names and Landmarks in Marlborough.
Cowbridge Close. Froma lease dated . . . to Rob. Glover.
“One plott of void ground lieing nere Cowebridge betwene a close of the
mayor and burgesses called Cowbridge Close on th’E. partie, the bridge on
the W. partie, and the water of Kennett on the 8. partie.
Castell Inn. From a lease, 20th Nov., 40° Eliz. (1597), to Roger
Hitchcock.
“A barn situate upon the Town Ditch in the Bally Ward betwene a close
of meadow called the Bally Close on the W. side, the yeard or backside of
the Messe or Inn called the Castell on th’este side.”
[ Note. —A “ Castell Inne” existing already in 1597. ]
Coleherbert Lane. In a lease, 20th April, 40° Eliz. (1598), to J.
Cornewall.
“A lane called Coleherbert lane, alias St. Martyn’s Church there.”
Newbridge Lane. Ina lease, 10th Aug., 11° Jac. I. (1613), Newbridge
Lane, in the Green Ward, is mentioned.
Almshonse. From a lease, 6th May, 16 Jac. I. (1618), to T. Millington:
A tenement and a void plot of ground on the E. side next unto the street
in the Marsh Ward betwene the Almehouse on the N. and the land of T.
Millington , . . ontheS.”
[Now Sebastopol! Buildings. ]
In subsequent leases the tenement demised as above is described as lying
“betwene a tenement of the land of Giles Millington in the tenure of Rob.
Stagge on the S., the Almeshouse on the N., the Streete on the E., and the
Schoole close on the W.”
Workhouse. Ina lease, 22nd August, 1649, to Antony Awst.
“A tenement or cottage heretofore in the tenure of Humfrey Isley and a
plott of void ground thereto adioyning and extending thence to the
Workhouse and lyeing in the Ballydich.”
[St. Peter’s Workhouse. ]
Crabb’s Close. In 1653 Crabb’s Close was occupied by Thomas Crabb.
Hart Mead and Crabb’s Close. From a lease, 19th March, 1655, to
Nathaniel Rashleigh. i
“A close of meadow containing by estimation 1 acre with a barne there-
uppon standing now in the tenure of T. Crabb lyeing betwene the Hart
meade on the N. and other Chamber land lett to the 4 several tenants last ©
mencioned (Survey Book, pp. 53 and 44) on the S.”
[The Hart meade must have been to the N. of Crabbs’ Close. ]
Bell Inn, Kingsbury Street. From a lease, 20th April, 1654, to
W. Purrier. Poa:
A messuage there new building on the W. side of Kingsbury Street.
“ Betwene a messuage called the Bell on the S., and other Chamber land
then in the occupation of Obadiah Blissett on the N.” ;
In a lease, 7th Nov., 1655, to T. Bryant, of a messuage in Kingsbury, it
is described as newly built, where was a former messuage called the Bell
“burnt by the late great fier’ { April, 1653.] The sign of ‘‘ The Bell” occurs
at Marlborough in St. Peter’s Rental, A.D. 1571. It was known about
1698 as “ The Bell and Brewers.” (‘The Bell and Shoulder,” on the E. of
Kingsbury Street, occurs from 1782.)
By £. Ll. Gwillim. 39
Pound Close and King’s Head Close. From a lease, 27th Aug,
1656, to W. Dickman.
“ All such part of a certen tenement called Pound Close att the upper end
and on the E. side of Kingsbury Streete as adioneth to a meadow called
Kinges Hed close on the N. and E. parts.”
Workhouse and Hermitage Close. From a lease, 30th Sept., 1658,
to W. Willing.
“A tenement over against the Workhouse betwene the street on the S.
and W. partes, and a garden now used with the same tenement parcell of
Hermitage Close on the N.
The Katherine Wheel. From a lease, 28th Feb., 1666, to W. Church.
A messuage lately erected called the Katherine Wheele in Kingsbury
Street in the parish of St Mary, “between the land of Nicholas Liddeard
on the S., the land of Walter Randoll on the N., Kingsbury Street on the
W., the land of the Mayor and Burgesses of the Devizes on the E. ‘The
Catherine Wheel” is now known as “The Cricketers.” It was at one time
called the “ Barleymow,” at another “‘ The George and Dragon,” and is said
to have been once “ The Freemasons’ Arms.”
The Holy Lamb. From a lease, 27th July, 24° Car. II. (1672), to J.
Lyme.
A messuage in Hurd Street on the E. side, ‘‘nowe an Alehouse known
by the signe of the Holy Lamb.”
The Three Swans. From a lease, 20th Oct., 2° Jac. II. (1686), to W.
Hill.
“A tenement in St. Martins called the Three Swans lyeing next the house
of Gabriell Mills on the E., and the widowe Garlicks on the W.
The Angel. [rom a lease, 28th Dec., 1687. :
“Mr. T. Hunt of the Angell.
Laney’s Close. In a lease, 5 Jan., 3° Jac. II., (1688), to J. Foster.
Laney’s Close first occurs at this date by this name in the Survey Book.
Ric. Laney, however, occupied this close as early as 1565. See above,
“ Laney’s Close,” p. 36.
The Bear. From a lease, 4th June, 1687, to W. Greinfeild.
A tenement in the High Ward “ betwene the dwelling house of Humphry
Wall, gent, heretofore a common inne caled the Beare on the W., the newe
dwelling house of T. Seymour draper on the E., and extendeth from the
Street on the N. unto the land of the said W. Greinfeild being a waye that
leadeth from the Marsh on the E., unto the back or yarde late belongeinge
to the Beare on the S.” (“A tenement called Le Bere, with an orchard
and garden, and a certain way leading to a way called Kingsbury-street.”
Court Book D. fo. 32, A.D. 1525.) Now No. 3, High Street. Mr. Joshua
Sacheverell (father to Dr. H. S.) soon after he became rector of St. Peter’s,
_ Marlborough (1669) prefixed to St. Peter’s register this “ Memorandum :
that Mr. Humphrey Wall and heires, occupants of the dwelling and lands
~ formerly known by the signe of the Bean are by Composition to pay tothg
40 Notes as to Names and Landmarks in Marlborough.
Rector of this parish yearly at Easter the summe of 10s. for their seat in
the south corner of the Chancell.” !
The Cock. Lease, 13th Oct., 1697, granted to Anthony Powell :—
“One messuage or tenement called the Cocke.” In the Baylye Ward.
(A note in the margin says that the Churchwardens of St. Peter’s have the
counterpart.) The Mount Inn, or Mount House, now the confectioner’s at
No. 1, Bridewell Street, near Marlborough College, was built after 1743 by
Francis Greenaway. It was called “The Antelope” in 1791, and “The
Fighting Cocks” in 1833. It was sold by St. Peter’s parish in 1885.
The Three Cups. From a lease, 29th March, 1708, to Mary Lyppyatt. —
“Two messuages known by the sign of the Three Cupps in the Marsh
Ward the land late in the tenure of Mary Hurll on the N., tenements in
the tenure of the widow Elford on the S., and part of the close called
Cowbride Close on the N. and W., the River Kennett on the 8., and other
gardens in the tenure of . . . onthe W. and the highway there.” The
sign of “The Three Cups” is traced back to 1667. It was afterwards
changed (1774) to “ The Chequers,” and subsequently (1777) to “‘ The Plume
of Feathers.”
' This paragraph, with some others in the present set of ‘‘ Notes,” has |
been communicated by Canon Christopher Wordsworth, Sub-dean of ©
Salisbury, formerly Rector of St. Peter’s, Marlborough. ri
41
PREHISTORIC AND ROMAN SWINDON.
By A. D. Passmore.
The peculiar situation of Swindon Hill, half way between the
high downs and the low lands, its dry soil, which soaks up the
heaviest storms a few minutes after they have fallen, and the
commanding outlook over au enormous tract of country, would
make it exceedingly attractive to early man, who, living almost
wholly in the open, could here find his two greatest needs, a plentiful
food supply and a dry situation for his huts. As a defensive
position it was also desirable because in prehistoric, and probably
much later times, it was surrounded on three sides by swamps
and water, leaving a narrow ridge of dry land towards Coate, which
would be the only means of access to the hill for any considerable
body of an enemy, or in a lesser degree of wild animals.
With these facts in mind, investigations were commenced some
years ago, and although by no means completed, it seems desirable
to place on record what facts have as yet been ascertained.
Although traces of Paleolithic nan on Swindon Hill are hardly
to be expected, a small pointed ovate implement, finely shaped, of
that period has been picked up in the immediate neighbourhood, as
well as several flakes of similar age. At various sites on the hill
flint flakes of doubtful age may be found, but any definite implement
in that material is rare, the beautifully-worked axe, from the
Sands, and the finely-serrated saw,? from behind Wood Street
(south), being the only two implements which may be referred with
certainty to Neolithic or Bronze Age times.
To this period the earliest remains of man as yet found belong.
Since Roman times the ground on the west end of the hill has
been quarried for lime and building stone, and in the Okus district
the modern workings for this purpose have resulted in a huge
excavation, bounded on the south side by a high wall of rock.
1 Wilts Arch. Mag., xxxiv., 311. 2 Thid.
42 Prehistoric and Roman Swindon.
From time to time this is cut back as fresh stone is required, and by
this means an appreciable proportion of the subsoil on the highest
part of the hill has been quarried within the last few years.
In November, 1906, men engaged in removing the turf and laying
bare the top beds of sand and brash, came upon a shallow grave,
3ft. in depth (the exact size of which could not be ascertained),
containing a skeleton lying on its right side, head to the south,
feet to the north, the face pointing east, the body only slightly
contracted, the bones being spread over a larger space than usual.
Behind the head and almost touching it, was the drinking cup here
illustrated (2g. 1).
At the moment of discovery a landslide on a small seale happened,
the cup was badly smashed, a part of it crushed to powder, and
the remainder scattered. As restored from the collected fragments
it stands 6in. high, 42in. in greatest diameter at a point 2in. above
the base, while the lip diameter is $in. less.
The ornamentation is so well shown that it needs no description.
The cup is formed of a finely tempered paste of a light brown
colour, very light and thin, the pattern being incised with a pointed
stick or bone. The skeleton, although somewhat decayed, is that
of a young person, prebably about 15 years of age and of slight
build. The skull was, unfortunately, much damaged, but as re-
stored is markedly dolichocephalic, although no absolutely reliable
measurements could be taken.
This skeleton has been presented to the British Museum of
Natural History at South Kensington. ‘Twelve months later, men
working at a spot roughly 50 yards east of the last interment,
came upon a small heap of human bones lying on the stony brash
within 18in. of the surface. They were those of a young child and
seem to have been buried without the flesh and in a broken con-
dition, no piece being longer than 44in., while a considerable part
of the whole skeleton is missing. Being so near the surface they
may have been disturbed in former times, but a careful examination
of the site yielded nothing in support of this idea. Lying by the
bones were the crushed remains of a large drinking cup, which, as
restored, stands 7Zin. high and 53in. in diameter at the lip. It is
‘UOpUIMS 38 punoz sdno sulyuG
By A. D. Passmore. 43
formed of the same coloured and tempered paste as the last-
described specimen, but has been ornamented, not by a pointed
stick, but by a small flat piece of wood or bone having three
notches eut in the end which, when pressed in the wet clay, left
four holes of square outline. This process of indentation was
continued round the cup to form the horizontal lines and the
confines of the lozenge-shaped panels, the interiors of which and
the middle and lower zones of ornamentation were afterwards
impressed with numerous marks made by the end of a tool of
oval section notched in the middle, the same punch being used
throughout.
The cup is illustrated in Fig. 2, from which it will be noticed
that it is not so elegantly shaped as Mig. 1.
The erushing of this vessel has furnished a most instructive
lesson in the manufacture of Bronze Age pottery. The pieces on
one side, which had evidently been lying uppermost, were disinte-
erated, and showed that after the base had been completed its edge
was brought up thin, or to a feather edge on the outside; and a
thin collar of clay was then formed with its lower edge bevelled
off to form a feather edge on the inside. This was applied to the
ready-formed base and the edges pressed together. ‘This process
was repeated four times, until the necessary height was reached,
the top of each succeeding collar being shaped like the top of the
base. ‘The writer remembers while living in a Ba-Rolong village in
the Orange River Colony, watching women make pots in exactly
the same way. Thus it may be said of one side of this pot, where
water had for centuries soaked over it, that it lad not been broken
but had come apart at the old joints. Traces of this method of
pot making may be observed in fragments illustrated in various
publications, but as far as can be gathered the reason has not before
been noticed.
In August, 1908, the same men, working under parallel con-
ditions, turned up the remains of a third interment of like character,
but unfortunately much scattered at some former time (of which
more later). The few remaining bones were those of a young
person about 12 years of age, and amongst them were four frag-
ments of a large drinking cup of the same material and temper as
44 Prehistoric and Roman Swindon.
before, but of different and somewhat uncommon ornamentation,
the whole surface, with the exception of a narrow band of incised
vertical lines round the top, being covered by triangular panels,
confined by narrow plain bands, the panels themselves being filled
with carelessly-executed lines impressed on the wet clay, some
with a notched tool and others scored with a pointed tool. ‘The
fragments are too small to allow of an accurate judgment of the
size of the cup, but it was probably about 8in. high and of a
large diameter in proportion to its height (7g. 3).
It is remarkable that all these interments should have been of
young individuals, one of tender age and the other two certainly
under 20 years. The question as to whether these remains were
covered by tumuli or not must remain unanswered as the field
before quarrying operations were commenced (according to Mr.
Humphreys, of Okus Farm,) was ploughed, and a famous ground
for barley. Observations taken on the spot and from a distance,
however, show no appreciable thickening of the soil at or near the
site of the burials. A point of interest in connection with these
interments is that the sand of Swindon Hill has certainly not that
destructive effect on human bones buried in it which is often at-
tributed to the sands of other localities by excavators; the bones
here are hard and brittle, with only a small amount of decay.
The eastern part of this quarry (Okus) has from time to time
produced several relics, of apparently late Celtic times, chief
amongst which is a set of chalk loom-weights, found together in a
hole in the sand. They were unfortunately scattered, buf one
afterwards recovered is roughly oblong in outline, the same in
section, 74in. long, 4in. wide and 2tin. thick. It is perforated at
the slightly smaller end, the centre of the ovifice being 1Zin. from
the top, the interior of the perforation is gin. in diameter, increasing
towards each end to 3in, on one side and #in. on the other. The
weight is exactly 34lbs. These weights were used on primitive
looms to keep the warp threads taut.
The Roman house on the opposite (southern) slope of the hill
has been before described and illustrated Further quarrying
1 Wilts Arch. Mag., xxx., 217.
By A. D. Passmore. 45
operations on that horizon have revealed the fact that a large area
of land there was quarried in Roman times. The curious building
on the north-east corner of the Roman house may, therefore, have
been a limekiln.
Leading up north from here are long hollows right across the
hill, and where they are cut through and exposed in the Westlecote
Quarry (wherein was the Roman house, now destroyed,) it is
plainly seen that the limestone and some harder rock below has
been removed, the excavation was then filled in by the waste sand
and turf, throughout the mass of which are numerous fragments
of Roman pottery and bones of edible animals, but nothing of a
later age. To this ancient quarrying is to be attributed the dis-
turbance and scattering of the third interment described above.
These facts led to an examination of the huge but little known
Roman foundations at Lotmead and Covingham Farms at Lower
Wanborough, where a large town once existed on the junction of
the doubtfully-named Ermin Way and the road from Winchester.
Here Hoare committed an unfortunate error, by naming the
town on no evidence, Nidum. Wanborough, judging from the im-
portance of its buildings and the richness of the pottery found on
the site, must be the missing station in the thirteenth route of the
Antonine Itinerary, while Nidum is included in Iter XII. The
Roman name of Wanborough is lost, unless part of it exists in the
names of Nythe and Covingham. Swindon Stone (Portlandian)
was found in the foundations, which establishes the important fact
that in Roman times, possibly in the 1st century A.D., the valuable
limestones and building stones of Swindon Hill were worked by a
resident quarryman on behalf of the Roman station at Wanborough,
only 24 miles away in a straight line. As there must have been
a good road between the two places, interesting speculations as
revards the Mercian advance to the battle of Ellandune are raised.
In the autumn of 1906 the extension of the large clay pit
Situated east of Victoria Road,! revealed the remains of a Roman
“Owned by Mr. George Whitehead, through whose enlightened generosity
a magnificent series of reptilian remains from the Kimmeridge Clay have
been preserved.
46 Prehistoric and Roman Swindon.
building around the foundations of which were quantities of coarse
pottery, nearly all of which were fragments of large pots, probably
of local manufacture. Interspersed with these were a few fragments
of the usual finer wares, and one fine piece of a Gaulish bowl upon
which is a gryphon in relief. According to the British Museum
Catalogue of Roman Pottery it is of 2nd century date and made at
Lezoux (France); in shape it agrees with Form 37; the pattern
is there described as “a gryphon to right, a sea monster below
with three forked tail and coiled body, above; egg and tassel pattern
with zig-zag lines under it.” The Swindon fragment is identical
except that the monster faces to left:instead of to right, but as there
remains the tail and one hind leg of another facing to right the
patterns agree. The work of excavation ceased after exposing
the edge of the site, but it is hoped that it will be resumed at an
early date, when, from indications. so far observed, a Roman pot
works will probably be uncovered.
For some-years it has been noticed that in nearly all excavations
in new ground in a zone starting from Wood Street and roughly
following Devizes Road, at the end of which two streams divide,
one ending at Winnifred Street, the other dying out towards ~
Westlecote, there are found large quantities of human remains.
Although nearly a hundred skeletons have now been examined at
<lifferent times, nothing has yet turned up by which the date of
the interments can be ascertained. Some are dolichocephalic in
cranial measurements, while others close by are of an opposite
shape. Some at the Westlecote end are certainly Roman, being
Huried in rubbish pits of that age and others in shallow graves with
datable pottery. As regards the remainder there is as yet no
evidence of date. "2
In studying the early interments described above accompanied
by characteristic pottery, it should not be forgotten that at Broom,
practically on a part of Swindon Hill, once stood the row of large
standing stones described by Aubrey,” and at Coate, a little further
1 Mrs. Cunnington has kindly supplied this information. ,
? Jackson’ Aubrey, p. 193.
By A. D Passmore, 47
off, still exist stone circles which were described in this Magazine.
It has since been noticed that other stones exist under the turf
round the larger circle of which a plan was given, and further
investigation will probably prove the existence of a double con-
centric circle, with an outlier on the north-east side.
All the objects described above are in the writer’s collection,
who must acknowledge his gratitude to Messrs. Bradley, Organ,
aud Humphreys, for so kindly allowing him access to their several
quarries and enclosed lands.
1A. D. Passmore on Stone Circles at Coate, Wilts Arch. Mag., xxvii., 171.
48
TROPENELL MEMORANDA.
CortELs.
In the previous volume (Wilts Arch Mag., xxxvii., pp. 564—565)
it was shown how the king, by writ 12 May, 1369 (Close Roll Cal.),
ordered John de Evesham, escheator in co. Wilts, “to take of
John Wrenche and Margaret his wife security for payment of their
relief at the Exchequer, and to cause them to have seisin of a
messuage and two carucates of land in Atteworth,” reciting the
story there set out, and that Thomas Spigurnell, to whom the
king by letters patent, 16 June, 1366, had committed “the
keeping of his manor of Atteworth,’’ “to hold for a set yearly
farm during pleasure,” “said nought in effect wherefore livery
thereof ought not to be given them,” John and Margaret, ‘as the
heritage of the said Margaret.” It was also conjectured that,
Wrench and his wife having thus recovered possession, they shortly
afterwards sold the manor to pay expenses.
What Wrench and his wife actually did with the manor was, all
the time, on record, in the Pedes Finiwm, or Feet of Fines (not yet
calendared, unfortunately, for Wiltshire), as follows :—
“Final concord in the Octave of the Trinity, 43 Edward III (June,
1369), between Thomas Spigurnell and Katharine, his wife; querents,
and John Wrenche, and Margaret his wife, deforciants of a messuage,
two carucates of land, 30a. meadow, and 100a. wood, in Atteworth ;
acknowledged to be the right of Thomas as those which Thomas and
Katharine have of the gift of John and Margaret ; to hold to Thomas
and Katharine and the heirs of Thomas; warranty for themselves and
the heirs of Margaret ; consideration, 100 marks.
Feet of Fines ( Wilts), Case 255. File 51 (88).
The sale, within a month of the writ close which put them in
possession, by Wrench and his wife to the farmer, under the crown,
of the manor whereof they had nominally dispossessed him, suggests
naturally that the whole of the proceedings were collusive in their
nature,—set in motion, that is to say, not by the successful suitors,
but by Spigurnell himself.
Tropenell Memoranda. ; 49
There is a writ (Close Roll Cal.), dated 6 October, 1374, to
Peter de Brugge and Nicholas Braye, ordering them to deliver to
the prior of Andover the goods, chattels, and stock of that priory,
which was in the King’s hands by reason of the war with France,
or if not the value of such goods, &c., to be levied from the goods
and chattells of of Thomas Spigurnell, deceased, to whom by letters
patent the king had committed the keeping of that priory, inasmuch
as the king is informed that since their livery to Spigurnell, great
number of such goods, chattels and stock have been eloigned.
Thus we learn that, five years after Thomas Spigurnell had
acquired the fee of Cotels Atworth he died, leaving an estate with
claims against it. His wife Katherine, to whom. jointly with
himself the manor had been conveyed, did not long survive him,
. dying 15 October, 1374, as appears by the Inquisition of which
an abstract is appended. Her heir was her brother, and the pre-
sumption is that her husband also died issueless. Accordingly
there is nothing surprising in the sale (Wilts Mag., xxxvil., pp.
561—562), 30 March, 1377, of the manor of “ Atteworth”’ to
Sir Philip Fitz Waryn,—presumably by direction of Thomas
Spigurnell’s executors. ‘The inquisition referred to above, taken
after the death of Katharine Spigurnell, is as follows :-—
“ Writ 20 October, 48 Edw. 3: inq. 28 Oct., 48 H. 3 (1874). Katherine
late the wife of Thomas Spigurneli held jointly enfeoffed with the said
1 Thomas late her husband likewise deceased for the term of their lives
4 of the gift and feoffment of Roger de Mortuo Mari late earl of March,
deceased, two parts of the manor of Worthymortymor, co. Hants, with
reversion thereof expectant after the death of the aforesaid Thomas
and Katharine to Edmund de Mortuo Mari, earl of March, son and
heir of the said Roger, being of full age. ‘The said two parts are held
of the king in chief by knight-service, and are worth 10/. 15s. 6d. clear
She died 15 October last past; Nicholas Audeleye is her brother and
heir of full age.”
Ing. p. mortem Chancery Ist Series. 1st Nos., No. 61.
(P.M. Edw. ITI. File 239 (1.)
West CiIfALFIELD.
The inadvisability of printing any notes upon the manorial
| history of any part of this county without a preliminary search
| through the Feet of Fines is demonstrated no less clearly by the
| VOL. XXXVIIIL—NO. CXIX. E
50 ; Tropenell Memoranda.
following addition, necessitated by a chance discovery, to the
account (Wilts Arch. Mag,, xxxvii., pp. 582—588) of the descend-
ants of George Percy, by Margaret, his wife, the heiress of West
Chalfield.
With the new piece of evidence before us we know that. George
Percy, the elder, was still living in 1344, in which year he and
Margaret, his wife, levied a fine of a carucate of land in Great
Chalfield and Great Atworth with the alvowson of Little (or West)
Chalfield to themselves for life, with remainder over, as follows :—
13-20 Jan., ‘‘ Final concord in the quinzaine of Hilary 17 Edward IIT.,
1343-4. of France the 4th, and afterwards in the quinzaine of Easter -
; in the year abovesaid, between George de Percy and_
Margaret his wife, querents, and Reynold de Berlegh, parson of the
chapel of Little (Parva) Chaldefeld, and John Je Parker, deforciants, of
two messuages, a carucate of land, 24a. meadow, 12a. pasture, and 8a.
wood, in Great (Magna) Caldefeld and Great (Magna) Atteworth, and
advowson of the chapel of Little (Parva) Chaldefeld; George and
Margaret acknowledged the tenements aforesaid and the advowson
aforesaid to be the right of him, Reynold, as those which the same
Reynold and John have by the gift of the said George and Margaret ;
for this John and Reynold granted to the said George and Margaret
the said tenements and the advowson and gave them back to them, to
hold to the same George and Margaret of the chief lords, &c., the whole
life of them, George and Margaret; and after the decease of them
George and Margaret the aforesaid tenements and the advowson shall
remain to George son of them, George and Margaret, and the heirs of
his body begotten, to hold, &c.; and if it happen the same George, son
of them George and Margaret, to die without heir of his body begotten ,
then after the decease of the said George the said tenements and ad- 7)
yowson shall remain to Thomas, brother of the same George, and the |
heir of his body begotten, to hold, &c.; and if it happen the same |)
Thomas to die without heir of his body begotten then after the decease
of the said Thomas the said tenements and advowson shall remain to
Nicholas brother of the same Thomas and the heirs of his body begotten,
to hold, &c.; and if it happen the said Nicholas to die without heir of
his body begotten then after the decease of the said Nicholas the said
tenements and advowson shall remain entire to John de Chausy and
Agnes his wife and the heirs of her, Agnes, to hold, &c.”
The manor of West Chalfield is, apparently, not dealt with by |
devolution was possibly prescribed by some act of hers. Similarly |
the Percy estate at Castle Eaton is not included, and this possibly |
L'ropenell Memoranda. 5.1
was settled on Thomas Percy (2did, pp. 588). Otherwise this fine
obviates the necessity of further considering Tropenell’s variants
of the pedigree (ibid, pp. 586, 587), and greatly strengthens the
ease for the identity of John Percy, the husband of Elizabeth
Hertrugge (ibid, p. 580 and pp. 582—586), with John Percy, tlie
son of George and Margaret. We now know that Tropenell’s tifth
version of the pedigree (Cartulary, vol. i., p. 405) is essentially
correct. There were three sons surviving in 1344, George, Thomas,
aid Nicholas, on whom and their issue the carucate and advowson
were entailed, while in Agnes, wife of John de Chausy, we discover,
possibly, the daughter of the marriage. On the other hand there
is no apparent need for -the levying of such a fine at all if the
suceession declared by it were normal, and the true intent of it
may well have been to exclude a grandson, aged six or seven, heir
presumptive by the mother to many manors, from his paternal
inheritance.
With one slight emendation Tropenell’s final account holds good
(Cartulary, vol. 1, p. 405, and Wilts Arch. Mag., xxxvii., p. 587) :-—
‘‘Memorandum that the seyd George Percy alzas Percehay and
Margaret his wyf, by the wheche Margaret Lytell Chaldefeld moved,
hadde isseu iij sones, that ys to sey George, Thomas, and Nicholas. The
seyd George and Nicholas deyd without isseu. Thomas hadde isseu
John and John hadde isseu John, and John had isseu Alise, and Alise
hadde isseu John Bourne that now ys lord of Littell Chaldefeld.”
The emendation proposed is that George (son of George and
brother of Thomas and Nicholas), did not die without issue, but
had a son John, who married Constance, widow of Sir Henry Percy
of Great Chalfield, died without issue, and was succeeded by (his
first cousin) another John, son of Thomas. Thus there are still three
“Johns” but not three in direct line, father to son. Combining
the available facts we get the following possible pedigree :—
Tropencll Memoranda.
George Percy, king’s yeoman (Edward II.)=Margaret, d. & heir of Walter
living 1344. de Chaldefeld ; survived
husband ; living 1348 (vol.
> 37, pp. 581—2.)
Edmund Percy, John Perey=Elizabeth, d. and=Sir William John de=Agnes
living 1312, ob.
S.p. V.p. (vol.
37 p. 5x0).
George Percy, Thomas Percy, Nicholas Percy
ob. 13389. heir of John de Burton. Chausy ~ Percy. living 1344. = (vol. 37, p.588).
(vol. 37, p. | Hertrugge n.c. =
584), 1308,
1318, re-married
1340, divorced
Sir William= Mary, d. of
Percy, nc.
1336. Mar.
circa, 1354.
(vol. 37, p.
586),
William
Fillol.
1352, mar.thirdly
abducted j
John de Farne- mod
ie
burgh. ise ae
| ree |
Margaret=Thomas Burton _ Sir Philip =Constance,=John Percy, John Perey=
Percy. (vol. 37, p.585) Fitzwarren | widow of ob. 1360. a minor in
3rd husb’d | Sir Henry 2nd husb’d, pee (vol.
Percy. (vol. 37, p. 37, p. 587)
587.).
lettee ]
Izod Vitzwaren=John Rous= John Perey =
d. & co-heir |
| | |
William Rous. Richard Philippes, = Alice Perey=John Borne.
(vol 37, p 568) alias Rous n.c, 1400. | (vol.37, p.592).
(illegitimate) A
CASTERLEY CAMP.
Being an account of Excavations carried out by
Mr. and Mrs. B. H. Cunnington.'
INTRODUCTORY.
The large earthwork known as Casterley Camp, is situated on
the north-east corner of the War Office land, west of the river
Avon, on Salisbury Plain. It is on high ground about two miles
south-west of the village of Upavon, and can be reached by a rough
track that leaves the main road opposite the turning into Upavon
village.”
Permission was obtained from the War Office authorities, and
from their tenant, Mr. J. C. Chisman, of Widdington, in September,
1909, to cut a few sections in the outer entrenchment of the camp.
During excavations at Knap Hill Camp, it had been found that
numerous causeways of undisturbed chalk, had been left in the
ditch of that entrenchment,? and certain appearances in the ditch
and rampart suggested the possibility of finding similar causeways
at Casterley. To test this, sections were cut lengthways with the
ditch on the outer side of several gaps in the rampart, but it was
proved that the appearances were deceptive, and no causeways
were found, with the exception of that forming the northern en-
trance. The discovery, however, was made of a sunken way leading
to the western entrance, and this was examined.
1The work was carried out under their personal supervision, and they
were present during the whole time, motoring to and fro from Devizes
Morning and evening. Several of the men employed, who came from Rowde
and camped out on the spot, had had previous experience of similar digging
at Oliver’s Camp and at Knap Hill Camp. The excavations have all been
filled in, partly by these men, and partly by men kindly lent for the purpose
by Mr. Chisman, the tenant of Widdington Farm, to which Casterley is
attached. Thanks are due to Mr. Chisman, as tenant, for his ready
permission, subject to that of H.M. War Department, to dig, and for kind
help and assistance in many ways.
2 The camp is also spoken of locally as Catterley Banks, or Calley Banks.
3 Wilts Arch. Mag., xxxvii., 42.
5+ Casterley Camp Excavations.
When in 1909 permission was asked to cut a few sections in the
outer ditch there was no intention to carry the work further. Dut
when on a more intimate knowledge of the site it was found that
the outlines of one of the interior works could still be traced, the
possibility suggested itself of finding the other works known to
have existed, and that the excavation of sections of these ditches
might help to solve the problem of the date of the earthworks as
a whole. —
This further work was ventured upon, therefore, solely for the
purpose of obtaining evidence of the date, or dates, of the con-
struction of the earthworks, and its degree of success must depend
upon how far it may appear that this object has been gained.
In 1909 four men were employed digging for a fortnight. Tn
1910 work was resumed on June 20th, and carried on with one or
two intervals up to September 20th, sometimes four and sometimes
six men being employed, for altogether eight full weeks. The
whole time was devoted to the exploration of works in the interior
of the camp. In 1911 six men were employed for six weeks, the
time being taken up partly in further exploration of the interior
works, partly on the entrances, and partly in making sections in
the outer entrenchment. As the course of one of the ditches
(No. 8) was still in doubt the work was continued with four men
for two weeks in August, 1912.
To some extent the total amount of work done in the four years
may be gathered by reference to the plates showing the excavations
but a considerable amount of surface trenching that does not appear
had to be done in the course of searching for the ditches and pits.
For the sake of brevity, and of continuity, the results will be
described as a whole without reference to the dates when the
vatious cuttings were made. Having first proved the position of
ditch No. 1, traces of which could be detected on the surface,
search was made by means of trenching for others, the relative
positions of which were known from Sir R. Colt Hoare’s Map,}
and in the course of tracing these, ditches not seen by him were
found, and so the work developed, it must be confessed, beyond
what was at first contemplated.
' Ancient Wilts, South, p. 177.
By Mr. and. Mrs. b..H. Cunnington. 5D
THE EARTHWORKS.
Casterley Camp originally consisted of a great outer enclosure
and of a séries of inner works, but the banks and ditches of these
latter have now almost entirely disappeared fiom the surface asa
result of many years of cultivation. Beyond the entrenchment
on the northern side of the camp there are traces of banks
which may have been outer works, or perhaps more probably this
appearance of banks may be due only to the wearing down of
‘several more or less parallel tracks leading to the camp; there are
also still traces of the banks on either side of thé sunken way
leading to the western entrance.
Sir R. Colt Hoare visited Casterley Camp about the beginning
of the 19th century, when considerable traces of the inner works
‘were still visible; he had the camp surveyed and his plan? has
proved of the greatest possible value, notonly as affording evidence
of the former existence of the inner. works, but also for showing
the original line of the outer rampart in several places where it
has since been defaced. So slight are the remaining surface traces
of the inner works that unless Sir R. Colt Hoare had recorded them
it is quite likely that the knowledge of their former existence
would have been entirely lost.
The site appears to have been known from time immemorial as
Casterley Camp, but the term “camp,” as implying a place of
military strength or occupation is no doubt misleading. The term
1Sir R. Colt Hoare shows a bank and ditch on the south side of the
camp ending at the entrenchment. Possibly this was only a boundary line.
2 Sir R. Colt Hoare describes Casterley thus :—‘ This earthen work bears
the strongest marks of originality, and none of the modern signs of inno-
vation. I consider it a British town, but not so populous as either of those
already noticed at Stockton and Groveley. Here we find no deep or mul-
tiplied ramparts, but a single ditch and vallum of no great elevation,
enclosing an area of about sixty acres. This camp from its elevation
‘commands a very distant view, and upon minute investigation, will be
found to be one of the most original and unaltered works of the British
ra, which our country, amidst numerous antiquities of a similar nature,
can produce.” Ancient Wilts, South, 177. This was written after more
than one visit to the site, and when it was already under cultivation, but
‘he certainly saw it before it was cultivated, for he wrote under date of
Oct. 10th, 1807 :—“ Casterley much changed in its appearance having been
ately ploughed up,” “ Nunc seges est ubi Troja fuit.” Extracts from a
Note-Book ; Wilts Arch. Mag., xxii., 237.
56 Casterley Camp Excavations.
“village” or “settlement” would more clearly describe the true
nature of the place, but for the sake of convenience it is spoken of
throughout as the “camp.” Although a sunken way led to the
site on one side, and on the other side the weak outer entrenchment
was carried down the slope at the head of the combe, presumably
for reasons of defence, the defences cannot be described as strong,
and, as Professor Haverfield has pointed out, it is unlikely that
in those days anybody lived without some form of protection.
The site seems to have few features in common with the many
so-called “ British villages,” of which traces are still visible on the
downs, where Romano-British pottery, &c., may usually be found.
But Casterley may perhaps be compared with the villages of ©
Woodeuts and Rotherley, excavated by General Pitt-Rivers, and
described as “of Roman age but of British construction” (Zzcava-
tions, IL., 65). Casterley also proved to have been occupied during
‘the Roman period, but showed no evidence of Roman influence in
the construction of the earthworks, or in its plan.?
3 The ditches at Casterley were considerably larger and deeper than those
of Woodcuts or Rotherley, and there is no reason to think that any of them
were made for drainage purposes as they seem to have been there. At ©
Rotherley the ditches seem to have varied in depth from 2ft. to 3ft. 9in, |
and at Woodcuts from 2ft. 8in. to 6ft. 4in., while at Casterley they ranfrom }
3ft. 6in. up to 9ft., most of them being over 5ft. Ogbury Camp, on Salisbury
Plain, near Great Durnford, as described and planned by Sir R. Colt Hoare
(Ancient Wilts, South), shows some striking points of resemblance to
Casterley, and it would be of great interest to know if these two works are
of the same period. It is, like Casterley, of large area (upwards of 62 acres),
enclosed within a feeble outer entrenchment, and containing an elaborate
system of interior earthworks. Some of these appear to have been en-
closures similar to those at Casterley, but the most remarkable point of
resemblance is in the long out-stretching banks and ditches connecting the
inner works with the outer entrenchment, and dividing, as at Casterley,
the camp into separate areas rather than forming compact enclosures. A ~
similar fate has overtaken the inner works in both cases, and the interior
of Ogbury Camp having been under the plough for many years practically
no vestiges of these works remain above ground. Sir R. Colt Hoare “dug
in several parts within the area of the enclosure, but found no one symptom
of ancient residence.” At Ogbury, as at Casterley, Hoare saw what he |
considered to be “the very early and simple handiwork of the Britons, —
unaltered by their successors and conquerors, the Romans and Saxons.” |
According to him there was only one original entrance, but excavation might |
reveal others.
By Mr. and Mrs. B. H. Cunnington. 57
THE OUTER ENTRENCHMENT.
The great outer enclosure consists of a single vallum and ditch,
enclosing sixty-eight acres of land, and measuring one mile and a
quarter round. The entrenchment, which is on the whole well
preserved, is for the greater part of quite feeble proportions, but
notably stronger on the south and east, from B to H on Key Plan
| Pl. X. There is no obvious reason for the strengthening of this
| part of the entrenchment, and it has been suggested that for some
| reason it was strengthened after its original construction, but
| cuttings made through the rampart on the eastern side (C—C,
Ca—Ca, D—D) showed no sign of any such addition, and there is no
| evidence that points to the entrenchment having been made at
different dates. It is only left to conjecture that the weaker part
| may originally have been reinforced by more formidable stockading,
| or some such additional defence, or the explanation may be con-
| nected with the arrangement of the interior works, that seem to
| turn their backs to the area bounded by the weaker entrenchment.
It will be seen that two long ditches stretching out from the inner
| works meet the outer work in both cases just at the point where
| the stronger merges into the weaker entrenchment (B and H on
| Key Plan, Pl. X.) the fact of their ending as they do at these
| points must be taken to have an important significance in relation
to the stronger and weaker parts of the entrenchment.
The camp stands on a plateau with higher ground to the north,
| with the inclusion in the north-eastern corner of a portion of the
sloping side ofacombe. At first siyht it seems curious that this
' piece of sloping ground should have been included in the defence.
But it has been suggested by more than one military authority
that this part was in fact thrown out to cover the head of the
combe, for had the entrenchment been carried along on the level,
approximately on the line marked on Key Plan, Pl. X. “Old cultiva-
tion bank”! troops could arrive up the combe unseen within rushing
1 Appearances on the spot are deceptive from the fact that along the line
| marked “old cultivation bank” a strip of land has been left as a rough
headland and gives to it the appearance that might be expected to result
from a roughly levelled rampart. When Sir R. Colt Hoare made his map
there was no break in the rampart at this corner, “B,” and no doubt the
58 Casterley Camp Excavations.
distance of the bank. The entrenchment is strong all along the
eastern side up to the point, “B,” where it turns sharply down the
slope of the combe, but from this corner onwards the defence is of
much feebler proportions. The big ditch ends abruptly at the
corner, “ B,” and the ditch of the smaller rampart that forms the
continuation of the entrenchment, starts from the outer side of the
big ditch at right angles to it. PI. XTV., B. and section. ‘
Tt will be seen that ditch No. 6, coming from the interior of the
camp, ends also at this corner at the inner edge of the big ditch.
It is remarkable that the ends of these two ditches are almost, but
not quite, opposite to one another. It has been suggested, as these
two ditches are as nearly as possible of the same size and depth,
that they were once continuous, and that the big ditch was simply
cut through it, thus leaving a section exposed on either side of the
big ditch: But as the ends are not opposite each other, and the
distance between them is only 23ft., if the ditch was ever con-
tinuous there must have been a sharpish turn or kink at this point.
It seems on the whole more probable that the ditches were
separately designed to end as they do, the one being a part of the
outer entrenchment, and the other of the inner works.t
ENTRANCES, AND OTHER GAPS IN THE RAMPART,
There were originally at least three entrances into the camp;
weaker rampart originally merged into the stronger one as they still actually
do at their other point of junction on the south side of the camp. In con-
firmation of this it is interesting to find that the big rampart perceptibly
lessens off for the last few yards as it comes to the corner. Nevertheless
when it was found that the big ditch came to an abrupt end at “ B” cuttings
were made along the course where it appeared that the ditch might have
been continued on the level, but no such continuation exists. It was also
proved that the outer ditch at “A” does not turn round, but runs unin-
terruptedly round the head of the combe.
‘In connection with these long ditches stretching out from the inner to
the outer works the possibility of their having been covered ways suggests
itself. But with the exception of both ends of the small ditch, No. 5, the
eastern end of ditch No. 9, and one end of ditch No. 3, the ends of the ditches
were all too deep and too steep to admit of this explanation, for had they
been sunken ways they must have sloped up gradually, as was actually the
case in the sunken way to the western entrance.
By Mr. and Mrs. B. H. Cunnington. 59
‘one on the north K, and one on the south, G, by wnexcavated
causeways through the outer ditch, and one on the west by a sunken
road leading from the downs into the cainp. It has been suggested
that not improbably there had been an entrance at H from the
long combe leading to Water Dené Bottom, but cuttings made
there proved that the outer ditch was continuous. Moreover there
is no break in the rampart at this point, and it is actually higher
than it appears, because an accumulation of soil several feet in
thickness, washed down from the higher ground, has been banked
up against it on the inner side. The fact also that a ditch (No. IT.)
coming from the interior of the camp ends abruptly at the inner
edge of this rampart seems to add to the improbability of there
ever having been an entrance there.”
There are wide gaps in the rampart at Da and F that have
been also regarded as possible entrances. Cuttings made outside
these gaps proved however, that the outer ditch is continuous in
both places, and it is therefore unlikely that they were original
entrances.? A track used for farm purposes to Casterley barn now
passes through the gap at Da, and another track that has been
used within recent years passes through the gap at F, and runs
through the camp roughly from south-east to north-west, dividing
'Sir R. Colt Hoare suggested that there must have been an entrance on
this side although he could detect no sign of it. Amczent Wilts, South, 177.
~ ? Within living memory there was a pond just outside the rampart at this
spot (“H” on Key Plan), and consequently the present appearances are
deceptive. An old labourer stated that when this pond ceased to hold
water, the pond by the barn, for which the rampart was cut away, was
made, but as this pond also failed to hold water, the one in Widdington
Combe was subsequently made. Certain hollows within the camp to the
east of the barn were pointed out as being thé places from which clay for
puddling the ponds had been dug.
* The ends of the rampart at Da appear to flank each other. If there had
_ been a sharp turn in the rampart at this point where the gap was cut as there
isin the same bank a little further to the south it would have this appearance.
It is noteworthy that Sir R. Colt Hoare, who saw it earlier, in spite of this
| appearance of flanking, doubted its being an original entrance.
60 Casterley Camp Excavations.
if into two nearly equal parts! In Andrew & Dury’s Map of
Wiltshire, dated 1773, this latter track is shown cutting across the :
corner of the Plain from the road in the valley nearly opposite
Chisenbury into the main road between Charlton and Conock. The |
map shows the road dividing into several ways that join up again
in the manner common to these unmetalled down roads. At
Casterley one track is shown leading through the old entrance at
G, and another through the gap at F, and one of these subdividing
again within the area of the camp, three tracks pass out through —
gaps on the northern side. This is interesting, as showing how ~
gaps in a rampart become multiplied. One way gets worn into
ruts, and the traffic then diverges off into a parallel way, necessi-
tating other breaks in the same line of rampart.
The considerable gap at A has, in its present state, the appear-
ance of having been an original entrance, since both ends of the
rampart are thrown back on the inner side. This turning of the
rampart, however, has apparently resulted from its having been
thrown back to make way for the farm traffic, for which this gap
is still used. Sir R. Colt Hoare does not show these turned ends
of the rampart, as he doubtless would, had they been there in his
time, particularly as he expected an entrance on this north side of
the camp and as he states explicitly he could find no sign of one. The
outer ditch was cleared out and found to be continuous in front of
this deceptive “ entrance.” .
There are various other more or less pronounced breaks in the
rampart on every side, but none of these appear to have any claim
to antiquity, and in every case the outer ditch was found to be
uninterupted?
1 This track is shown on Hoare’s Map, Ancient Wilts, Amesbury North
District, Station V., p. 113, and on the 25in. Ordnance Maps. The line of
this track across the camp is still very noticeable as a bank or ridge. We
were told that when the ground was under cultivation this track served as
a boundary between the two fields, and the existing ridge may be the
result of ploughing on either side of it.
2 There are many gaps in the feeble rampart along the head of the combe
that appear to be only the result of wear, and these were not examined.
By Mr. and Mrs. B. H. Cunnington. 61
Tue INNER Works.
There is no reason to believe that the interior of Casterley had
ever been cultivated before Sir R. Colt Hoare saw it for the first
time, but from some date between then and his last-recorded visit
in 1807,‘ until the War Office acquired the land in 1901, it was
under cultivation.
It is indeed. fortunate that Sir R. Colt Hoare published a plan
of the camp as he first saw it, for during those ninety years or so
of cultivation the ground has been ploughed and rolled until all
the surface inequalities have been smoothed away, and the last
vestiges of the banks and ditches of the inner works practically
obliterated. But although the surface is now levelled, it is possible
at some seasons of the year to trace the lines of the rectilinear
enclosure by the difference in colour and growth of the grass over
the ditch. Guided by such slight traces as these, and working
“with Sir R. Colt Hoare’s invaluable but necessarily incomplete
plan, it has been found possible, by tracing the course of the various
ditches, to re-construct the main outlines of the inner works.
The arrangement of these inner works is curious and complicated,
-and can only be understood by reference to the plan. Pl. X.
It will be seen that the ditches form three principal enclosures
that may be regarded as complete in themselves, in spite of various
‘sub-divisions. Of these three enclosures one is more or less recti-
linear, while the other two are of irregular outline, and for the
sake of convenience these two latter will be referred to as A and B.
The other ditches appear rather to divide the area of the camp
than to form distinct and separate enclosures in themselves.
Tae RECTILINEAR ENCLOSURE. Ditches Nos. 1 and 2.
The rectilinear enclosure must be regarded as the original and
most important of the inner works, as it is clear that the other
works were planned in relation to it, and not it in relation to
them. The irregular enclosures, for instance, must have been
| planned either later, or as subordinate to: it, because the part of
—————
1 Extracts from a Note-Book, Welts Arch. Mag., xxii., 234.
62 Casterley Camp Excavations.
their boundary which is common to both is rectilinear, and clearly —
an integral part of that, and not of the other enclosures. _
A curious feature about the rectilinear enclosure is that the
bank was on the outside of the ditch, not, as is usual, on the inside2
The only advantage of this arrangement seems to be that it would
allow for more level space within the enclosure, but it seems in-
consistent that such a large ditch should have been made at all,
when apparently so little regard was paid to defensive strength.
Within this enclosure it will be seen there is a smaller ditch
(No. 2), forming an inner enclosure, roughly parallel to the outer
one. ‘The eastern boundary of the two enclosures coincide,
or in other words the smaller ditch disappears into the larger
one, and the entrances are identical. There is indeed no way
of getting beyond the smaller enclosure without in,some way
bridging the inner ditch. It was suggested that the smaller ditch
might have been intended for drainage purposes only, on lines
analagous to some of the ditches found by General Pitt-Rivers, in
the villages he excavated, and considered by him to have been
drains. But as the whole of this ditch was cleared out and no ~
cross drains were found to run into it, and as its position and the ~
nature of the soil would render such a large drain entirely su- t
perfiuous, this explanation of its existence cannot be maintained. —
It seems not unlikely that this ditch represents a slightly earlier —
enclosure, that was soon found to be inadequate, and that the —
larger enclosure was then made, utilising all that was possible of —
the smaller ditch, the rest being filled up, and the entrance being —
retained in its original position.?
1 Sir R. Colt Hoare noticed this, and suggested that the enclosure must
therefore have been used for religious purposes, taking for granted that
this fact did away with any idea of defence. ‘‘ By having the ditch within
the vallum, denoting probably a place appropriated to religious purposes.”
Anc. Wilts, South, 177. An old man who had worked on the land for many
years, and who remembered seeing the banks and ditches, volunteered the
statement that the bank was outside the ditch, it having struck him as
peculiar, and unlike that of the outer entrenchment. It will be seen later,
that the other enclosures at Casterley seem to have shared in this peculiarity.
2 The fact that below the surface soil nothing later than the bead rim
type of pottery was found goes to support the view that it was filled in at
an early date.
By Mr. and Mrs. B. H. Cunnington. 63
“THE IRREGULAR ENCLOSURE A. Ditches Nos. 3, 4, 5.
This enclosure is divided into three compartments by two cross
ditches, Nos. 4 and 5. This whole area is regarded as one large
enclosure because the boundary ditch No. 3 is continuous from the
corner of the rectilinear enclosure, with the dividing ditch No. 4
only cutting into it at an angle. Thus the whole length of the
large ditch No. 3 evidently forms the boundary of a distinct en-
closure; this enclosure being bounded on its other sides partly by
ditch No. 7, and partly by the bank and ditch of the rectilinear
enclosure.
It should be remembered that the bank of the rectilinear en-
closure was on the outside of its ditch, so that the end of the
boundary ditch No. 3 must have been at the foot of this bank,
and there would have been no entrance there, as the space between
the two ditches at this corner suggests, if this fact is not taken
- into account.
At the entrance to the enclosure A ditch No. 3 takes a sharp
furn, and gradually decreasing in size from this point, shallows
out to nothing. It will be seen that as far as is known there is
only one entrance into the whole of this enclosure, but it is possible
that there is another entrance causeway that was not found.
Through the somewhat imposing and difficult entrance access could
be gained immediately to either of the three compartments into
which the enclosure was divided. The dividing ditch No. 5 was
a comparatively slight affair, only some 4ft. deep, and shallowing
out at both ends, but No. 4 was as large as the boundary ditch
itself, and must have effectually cut off one part of the enclosure
from the other.
‘THE IRREGULAR ENCLOSURE B. Ditches Nos. 6, 7, 8, and 8a.
It will be seen that two ditches issue from the ditch of the
rectilinear enclosure, one on either side of the entrance.
‘One of these (No. 6), after a somewhat devious course, makes
| for the corner of the outer rampart at B, and running right under
64 Casterley Camp Excavations.
it, ends in a big outer ditch in the same manner in which it had
started from out of the ditch of the enclosure.
Ditch No. 7, issuing from the opposite side of the entrance to
the rectillinear enclosure, runs for a short distance almost parallel
with No. 6, it then turns sharply in an opposite direction, and
meeting ditch No. 8 at nearly right angles, ends in it.
Ditch No. 8 starts as a flanking ditch at the entrance to the
enclosure A; after running for some distance in an easterly direction
it turns sharply to the north, and intersecting the cross ditch No.
9, eventually ends in ditch No. 6. It will be seen that between
its intersection with No. 9 and its end in No. 6 there is an entrance
causeway giving access into the enclosure B, and thence through
to the rectilinear enclosure. It appears that ditch No. 8 was
made solely for the purpose of forming this enclosure, B, while
ditch No. 6 nust have been made for some other reason, and only
incidentally forms part of its boundary. Ditch No. 7 might equally
well have been made as part boundary of either of the two irregular
enclosures, and there seems to be nothing to show which of these
two enclosures was made first.
The short ditch No. 8a serves no obvious purpose; it runs out
of No. 8, both ditches being of the same depth, 63ft.; at its end
the ditch No. 8a shallows “up to 44ft. It appears that at this
spot a fire had been lit in the ditch, aud among the ashes a very
perfect iron hammerhead (Pl. VIIL, Fig. 1), together with bec
pieces of iron slag, were found.
Ditcues Nos. 9, 10, 11.
Of what use ditch No. 9 could have been it is difficult to see,
as it does not form part of any enclosure, nor can.it be said to
divide any definite area of the camp, and it can only be conjectured
that it was of use in conjunction with some features that have
now vanished. At its eastern end it was found to shallow up and
to run out to nothing in a manner resembling that of the sunken ~
way while it maintained its usual depth right up to its western
extremity.
By Mr. and Mrs. B. H. Cunnington. 65
Ditch No. 10 starts from underneath the rampart at D—D,
the end of the ditch being under the very crest of the
rampart. The rampart there must undoubtedly have been
built over the ditch, the end of the ditch not improbably being
filled infor that purpose. There was no old surface line over the
ditch as there was under the rampart on either side of the ditch,
or any distinguishable difference between the filling-in of the one,
or the building of the other. The course of this ditch is a fairly
straight one, and it ends in the cross ditch No. 9. Between this
junction and the rampart its course is interrupted by a causeway
giving access into the inner area of the camp.
Diteh No. 11 is perhaps more remarkable than either of the
other ditches. It starts from the inner edge of the southern ram-
part at H, Key Plan, P1.X, and after taking two nearly right-angled
turns, curves towards the cross ditch No. 9, runs for a few yards
side by side with it, and finally merges into it not at a sharp angle,
as 1s the case in the junctions of all the other ditches, but gradually
coalescing with it to form one ditch, like the meeting of points on
a railway line.
Traces of ditch No. 1, and more faintly of Nos. 3 and 10 have
occasionally been detected on the surface. No surface trace of
either of the other ditches has been seen, although it has been
looked for at all seasons of the year, under varying conditions.
An interesting exception, however, occurred in the case of ditch
No. 6 in the wet summer of 1910, when for a week or more its
course could be traced from about where it is cut across by the old
trackway to the outer rampart by a stream of blossoms of the
white Bladder Campion. Apparently the long succulent roots of
this plant liked the comparatively soft silt in the ditch, and those
growing in it flourished exceedingly and showed up in strong
contrast to their poorer neighbours round them. Unfortunately,
eampions have never yet been found to show up either of the
other ditches in this way, and they failed altogether to do so even
in No. 6 in the dry summer of 1911, or in the following wet season
of 1912.
Some of the ditches seem to have been filled up and their
VOL. XXXVIII.—NO. CXIX. F
66 Casterley Camp Excavations.
surfaces levelled off earlier than others. It was found that in the
ditches seen by Sir R. C. Hoare there was as a rule, a very evident.
old turf line, showing what had been their surface level before the
hollows that marked the course of the ditches in his time had been
filled up as a result of cultivation. In the ditches that Sir R. C.
Hoare could not see, as in the case of Nos. 2, 8, 9, 11, there was no
such old turf line. It seems, therefore, that these ditches must
have been levelled off purposely at some early date, for if left to
silt up naturally they would never have filled to the top any more
than the ditches that he did see, or that of the outer entrenchment.
These ditches may have begun to silt up naturally, but the filling
must have been completed artificially before there had been time
to form a turf line over their surfaces. The obliteration of these
ditches could not have been due to cultivation at some undefined
period before the advent of Sir R. C. Hoare, and after the aban-
donment of the site, for had such been the case all the ditches
would have been subjected to the same conditions. It is suggested
that these ditches were levelled off by the inhabitants themselves
when they were no longer needed. Large quantities of rubbish
were certainly thrown into the ditches, more especially Nos. 8, 6,
and the higher part of 11. The filling in at some of the cuttings
of these ditches was composed almost entirely of ashes and black
earthy soil, quite distinct from the usual chalky silt, and sherds of
pottery, broken bones, etc., were more. than usually abundant.
The edges of No. 8 were worn into steps, possibly by people
scrambling in and out, and it was suggested that very possibly
they were used as latrines.
The dimensions of the ditches are shown in the sections, but the
following table of depths may help to give more readily a general
idea of their size :—
Ditch No.1 7ft. to 9ft. deep (the greater depth being on
either side of the entrance).
peat oe be OMT: , 4ft. 9in. deep.
ey. oo meOrcslOine,. Ob: /Olnss,,
ey ae Oh:
5 4ft.
By Mr. and Mrs. B. H. Cunnington. 67
Ditch No.6 3ft.6in. to 6ft. 8in. deep.
eee net; On... ¢ 7b, Bin.” 5;
Pee omentt lan. . . Sits Zink /,
PeoaeGit. Om. °,,4f 9in. 4
eee amon tt. Gin. » ;, oft. Oim. —,,
Panett sin. ,,,.6ft..8ine. »,
Pee ait.6in, , Sit. 6m. 5
Ditch of outer entrenchment, 3ft. 6in. to 9ft.
THE POSITION OF THE BANKS.
It should be remembered that the ditches must have had their
accompanying banks, for had the material dug out been carried to
a distance, or even levelled off, the ditches could never have silted
up full again as they have done. As to the positions of the banks,
we know that that of the rectilinear enclosure was on the outer
side of the ditch. Hoare shows a trace of the bank of ditch No. 6
on its western side, and it seems likely that this bank was con-
tinuous with that of the rectilinear enclosure.
It is probable that the bank of ditch No. 3, like that of No. 1,
was on the outer side of the ditch; there would have been no room
for the bank on the inner side at the entrance to this enclosure,
and moreover the fact that ditch No. 4 runs right into No. 3, looks
as if there was no bank on the inner side. If the bank had been
on the inside ditch, No. 4 would probably have ended a few feet
out from No. 3, as in the case of No. 3 itself where it met the bank
of ditch No. 1.
There is no direct evidence, but it seems probable, that the bank
of No. 7 was also on its western side, and that it may have been
continuous, like No. 6, with the bank of the rectilinear enclosure.
There is nothing to suggest on which side the banks of Nos. 4 and
5 were.
It is, perhaps, reasonable to suppose that the bank of No. 8
was also on the outer side of the enclosure B, as Nos. 7 and 8a run
right into it on the inner side; on the other hand there would have
been no room for the bank on the outer side of No. 8 where it
F 2
68 Casterley Camp Excavations.
forms a flanking ditch at the entrance to the enclosure A, so that
there must at least have been a different arrangement at this
pvint. As to the bank of ditch No. 10, Hoare seems to show it on
the western side. There is no guide to the positions of the banks
of ditches No. 9 and 11 except that at the point of junction of
these two ditches the banks could not very well have been on that
side, and therefore it seems likely that they were on opposite sides
of these two ditches.
If these suggested relative positions of banks to ditches are
correct it will be seen that the banks would all have been towards
that area of the camp bounded by the weaker outer entrenchment,
with the ditches (more particularly Nos. 6 and 11) facing the more
strongly entrenched area, the reverse of what might be expected
for purposes of defence, but at the same time showing a certain
uniformity of design. However situated, the banks must have
afforded some protection from wind and weather, very desirable in
such an exposed position.
THE ENTRANCES, AS EXCAVATED.
There were originally at least three entrances through the outer
entrenchment, one to the south, at G, one to the north, at K, and
one tothe west, by meaus of the sunken way. See Key Plan Pl. X.
The Southern Entrance, Pl. XII. This is by a causeway, 17ft.
wide, of unexcavated chalk left in the ditch opposite a gap in the
rampart. In view of the gate-post holes that we found at the
somewhat similar entrance to Oliver’s Camp, a search was made
for post holes in corresponding positions and the four excavations
shown on the plan were found. ‘The three smaller holes may well
have held gate posts, but the large excavation is not so simply
accounted for. Like the other three holes, this larger one was filled
with a clean chalk rubble, but unlike them it showed a layer of
dark material, resembling decayed turf, all over the bottom, some
2in. to 3in. thick. Nothing else was found in either of the holes,
with the exception of a few fragments of red-deer horn in the
! Wilts Arch. Mag., xxxv., 420.
——————
\
:
By Mr. and Mrs. B. H. Cunnington. 69
larger hole between 1ft. and 2ft. deep. The sides of this hole
‘were practically perpendicular, except at the end towards the
ditch, where the sides sloped and there was an irregular ledge
in the chalk from 1ft. to 1ft. 3in. above the bottom of the pit.
It is thought that possibly this ledge may have served as a
step, if the pit was ever occupied; but the object of the pit
is not at all clear. It has been suggested that it may have served
as a guard-room, porter’s lodge, or sentry-box. In that case it
could only have been in the nature of a shelter for the guardian
in bad weather, and the layer of dark turfy material in the bottom
of the pit may be the decayed remains of a thatched roofing. This
suggestion, however, is not without difficulties, and the fact that
there are two holes that may be regarded as post-holes on one side
of the road, and only one post-hole on the other side, with the end
of this pit where the second hole should have been, suggests the
possibility of its having had some connection with the gates. It
might have held large timbers or pallisading to protect this corner
of the rampart; but if this was the case, it is curious that it should
be on one side of the entrance only.
The Western Entrance. - Pl. XV. The entrance on the western
side was by a sunken road leading from the downs into the camp,
and intersecting the outer ditch at nearly right angles. For a
short distance outside the camp there are slight banks along either
side of the filled-in way, but further out, as well as inside the
ramparts, they have disappeared, although no doubt originally a
bank or banks extended along its whole course! The road seems
to have been cut from 4ft. to oft. deep on an average, and was ab
best a narrow pathway with no room for two people to walk
abreast, scarcely any room for passing, and none at all for vehicles
of any kind (see plan and sections). Within the outer ditch it
became gradually shallower, and ran out altogether a few yards
within the ramparts.
Tt leads out from the camp over the downs in the direction of
‘Sir R. Colt Hoare actually shows the continuation of the banks within
the ramparts. Anczent Walts, South, 177.
70 Casterley Camp Excavations.
one of the combes leading to Water Dene Bottom,!where it shallows
up and runs out altogether on what is now an open down.”
Where the ditch of the entrenchment and the sunken way intersect
each other, a curious feature wasfound. It will beseen in the longi-
tudinal section of the road, that the ditch and the road are of the
same depth at the entrance, except at the actual point of inter-
section, where the level of the road suddenly drops some 2ft. for a
space equal to the width of the ditch. It will be seen (enlarged
section R, Pl. XV., of sunken way) that this sunken space was
evidently made in connection with the road, for it is at right angles
to it, and not to the ditch. The object of the excavation sunk
below the usual depth of the road and ditch at their point of
meeting is not known, but it seems probable that it had something
to do with some form of gate or barrier to block the entrance.
The Northern Entrance. The entrance on the northern side was
by a causeway 12ft. wide left unexcavated in the course of the
ditch K (Key Plan, Plate X), and leading to a gap in the rampart.
Time did not permit a search being made there for post-holes. It
is perhaps worth recording that this gap in the rampart, thus
proved to be an original one, looked less imposing than several 7]
gaps in the same bank that have no claim to antiquity.
EXCAVATIONS IN THE RECTILINEAR ENCLOSURE.
The ends of the ditch, on either side of the causeway of un-
disturbed chalk forming the entrance to this enclosure, were cleared |
out to the bottom—with interesting results (Pl. XIII.) On one side,
1Tn common with other settlements on the Plain the question of the
water supply at Casterley is a difficulty. In wet ‘seasons the water still
occasionally rises to the surface in Water Dene Bottom, and if, as appears
to have been the case, the water-level was formerly higher than at present,
it is possible that there was a constant spring there. Otherwise, if there
were no wells, the nearest water would seem to be the river Avon, some
mile and a half to two miles away in the valley.
? Similarly narrow and ditch-like roads or “ ways” are still in use in parts _
of Algeria, but whether made or only the result of wear the writer does not
know. Old trackways deeply worn, apparently only as a result of traffic
are common enough on the downs, and some of them are nearly as steep-
sided and as narrow as the sunken way at Casterley.
By Mr. and Mrs. B. H. Cunnington. 71
at the junction of the two ditches (Nos. 1 and 7), between 2ft. and
3ft. deep, a layer of burnt material was found, covering an area of
about 12ft. square. It seems that a structure of some kind, that
had been built over the surface of the partly filled-in ditch at this
spot, had been destroyed by fire, and had left this layer of ashes
to mark the site. In and about this layer were found a number
of oyster shells and broken bones of animals, a quantity of broken
pottery, including fragments of two decorated Samian bowls of
form 37, with “free style” decoration, and one fragment stamped
DECMI.M; about a hundred iron nails, some of them large,
that had probably been used in the woodwork of the building;
pieces of concrete flooring, wall daub; fragments of bricks and
tiles; pieces of quernstones; two iron knife blades; and other
iron fragments; fragments of glass; bronze “viper” ring (Pl. LI.
Fig. 11); bronze stud or tag (Pl. L, Fig. 6); and a bronze coin
of Claudius (see List of Coins, No.1). In the ditch on the other
side of the entrance at a depth of between 4ft. and 5ft., scattered
ashes and mould were found, together with oyster shells, bones of
animals, a bronze pin without its head, and other decayed frag-
ments of brouze; two bronze ear picks (PI. I., Figs. 1 and 2), part
of an iron knife blade; a half-finished spindle whorl of pottery ;
sherds of pottery including fragments of at least three Samian’
bowls of first century type (one of form 29, and two of form
80), Pl. V., Figs. 10, 11, and 12); and a coin of Nero (see List
of Coins, No. 2). This deposit seemed to be where rubbish had
been thrown into the ditch, and similar patches of ashes, &c.,
were noticed in several places in the ditches, being quite distinct
from those places where fires had been actually lit.
Ditch No. 2. The whole length of Ditch No. 2 was cleared out
to the bottom. A considerable quantity of pottery of the “ bead
rim ” type was found in it, nearly all of it in the lowest foot above
the bottom, there being above this a stratum with little in it, and
pottery of later Romano-British types in the first foot below the
‘surface only. Hicss i tor6, 10.11) Pl LV,, Bigs: 2,3, 0; Pl. VI,
Figs, 1, 2, and fragments resembling Figs. 6, and 8, Pl. V; were
all found in the bottom of this ditch.
72 Casterley Camp Excavations.
At the spot shown on plan Pl. X.askeleton was found 2ft. deep, in ~
a grave that had been dug across the ditch and nearly at right angles —
to it. It had been dug partly in the silt of the ditch and partly —
through the undisturbed chalk of the bank, showing that the
grave-diggers were indifferent to, or unaware of the existence of the
ditch. The skeleton lay face downwards, with the head to the —
north-east, and the arms doubled up under the chest: from the
hips upwards it rested on the silt of the ditch, and from there
downwards in a narrow trench in the undisturbed chalk. Nothing
was found with the bones, except on the floor of the trench two
small sherds of pottery, one of New Forest and the other of Samian
ware. No doubt these were thrown in accidentally, in filling in
the grave; they only prove that 1t must have been filled in some
time during, or after, the Romano-British period.
Hut Site (Plan of Inner Works Plate X). In the north-east corner —
of the enclosure an irregularly-shaped excavation was found that ap-
pears to have been the site of a hut or dwelling of some kind, the
foundations of which were sunk 24ft. below the surface. Somewhat
similar irregular excavations were found by General Pitt-Rivers at
Rotherley, and believed by him to be hut-sites, but here there
was no drain or pit to carry off surplus water as at Rotherley.t
Pottery, including fragments of Samian ware, one piece stamped
with the name of Peculiaris; numerous oyster shells, a few cockle
and mussel shells; iron nails, one blade of a pair of iron shears
(Pl. IIL, Fig. 12); bronze tweezers, (Pl. IL, Fig. 10); and an iron
hinge pin brooch of common Roman form (Pl. IL, Fig. 2), were —
found in this excavation.
Within the enclosure at Ib it was found that a rough paving
of pieces of sarsen stone, hard chalk, and flints, had been laid
down, covering impartially the surface of ditch No.-2 and the ad-
joining ground; the extent of this, however, was not ascertained.
A similar rough paving was found below the turf covering ditch
No. 6, at Section X., at the elbow of ditch No. 7, but there again
its whole extent was not found.
1 Rucavations, II., 58—4, 118, section V.
By Mr. and Mrs. B. H. Cunnington. 73
THE T-SHAPED FirE PLacEe In DitcH No. 6.
A T-shaped hypocaust was discovered on the side of ditch No.
6 (PI. XLV.), The builders of this fire place had taken advantage
of the side of the partially filled-in ditch to begin operations, thus
saving themselves the additional labour of excavating a stoke hole
or “praefurnium.” The cross part of the fire hole was neatly
lined with a walling of blocks of hard chalk and rough flints, set
in thick mortar. The two lower courses of the wall were built of
blocks of chalk only, and the upper chiefly of flints, placed with
their flat surfaces outward, and so skilfully laid that the surface
of the wall was fairly smooth and level. Behind this single
course of laid stones the wall was backed up with rough flints.
The whole of the fire place, and the approach to it from the ditch,
was filled up with blocks of chalk and flints, similar to those used
in the wall; these had apparently formed part of a chimney, or
superstructure of some kind, that had collapsed after tlie disuse of
the fire place.
The floor of the fire place was of undisturbed chalk, slightly
discoloured by fire, and was covered by a layer of wood ashes an
inch or more in thickness. These ashes spread out beyond the
floor of the fire place over the surface of the ditch, forming a con-
' tinuous layer over floor and ditch all on the same level, thus show-
ing that the fire place was in use after the ditch had become partly
silted up. Outside the fire place the space in the ditch had
evidently been used as a praefurnium, and a heap of ashes and
tubbish was found there. In this accumulation in addition to a
: quantity of broken pottery there were a number of oyster shells
and a few cockle and mussel shells; bones of animals; few frav- }
ments of glass; about forty iron nails, some large, and several hol-
nails such as were used in boots; iron cleats, and other fragments
of iron ; a piece of lead; a large pebble that had been used for
hammering or pounding ; five pottery discs (pot covers?), and a
dise or counter of bone inscribed on one side with a four-armed
cross (Pl. I., Fig. 14); and pieces of tile and brick. Among the
big stones in the fire place itself, there were in addition to some
74 Casterley Camp Excavations.
pottery a piece of flanged tile, a piece of a quern of millstone grit,
two discs of pottery, a few iron nails, and bones of animals.
The discovery of this fire place was interesting as affording
definite evidence that the occupation of the site went on after the
ditches were allowed to silt up.
Trenches were cut on the surface behind the fire place in order
to see if any traces of a dwelling on this spot could be found.
Nothing in the way of foundations, however, was found, but some
fragments of concrete flooring, and of brick, oyster shells, and
pottery tend to show that there was a dwelling there, built per-
haps with mud walls and timber, all traces of which have perished.
SECTIONS THROUGH THE RAMPART.
It has already been explained that the outer rampart on the
east and south-east sides is stronger than elsewhere. It was
thought, therefore, not improbable that this portion had been
strengthened for some purpose at some time later than the original
construction. To test whether this was indeed the case, two sec-
tions were cut through the rampart, one at C—C and one at Ca—
Ca. The rampart did not show any sign in either of these sections
of having been constructed at different times, or of having had
any addition made to it. In the two other sections that had to be
incidentally made to find the ends of ditches No. 6 at B and of
ditch No. 10 at D—D the rampart showed a similar construction,
aud no sign of any additions having been made to it.
In the two first sections only two fragments of pottery were
found, but little as this is, it affords valuable evidence of the date
ot the coustruction of the rampart. On the old turf line, im-
mediately under the crest of the rampart at C—C, a fragment of
pottery of a quality and texture common in “ bead-rim ” bowls was
found. In the section at Ca—Ca, a piece of a rim of a “ bead-rim ”
bowl was found, also on the old turf line, 2ft. within the inner
edge of the rampart.
Between 1ft. and 2't. deep in the filling-in of ditch No. 10,
at its extreme end under the crest of the rampart, part of a base
By Mr. and Mrs. B. H. Cunnington. 75
?
of a vessel was found. This base is certainly that ofa “bead-rim ’
bowl, the ware being of a special quality of which these bowls
were sometimes made, its peculiarity being that it is rather soft,
black all through, and freely mixed with white particles. It is of
the same kind of ware as the large “ bead-rim ” bowl, Pl. IV., fig.
5. It is quite unlike any of the earlier hand-made “ pit” pottery.
It seems therefore clear that the rampart must have been thrown
up, at least on this side, after the ‘‘ bead-rimn ” type of pottery was
being used on the site.
SECTIONS IN DitcH oF OuTER ENTRENCHMENT.
Sections were taken out to the bottom of the outer ditch at A,
B, Ca, D—D, at the western entrance, and on either side of the
northern entrance. On the bottom at A four fragments of thin
hard grey pottery were found that might be Romano-British or
earlier. A much-worn flint hammerstone, fragments of red deer
horn, and a few fragments of “thin red” Romano-British pottery
were found 2ft. below the turf. At B two fragments of bead rim
bowls were found 44ft. deep. At Ca the depth as excavated was
5ft.; Romano-British pottery of “ thin red” quality was found 2#ft.
deep; on the bottom a fragment of rather soft light red pottery
was found, that might be Romano-British or earlier.
In a long section at D—D a number of fragments were found
throughout, chiefly of bead rim bowls; in the last foot above
the bottom a large fragment of a vessel resembling Fig. 2,
PL IV., was found, part of a cover (Pl. VIL, Fig. 4), and a
“number of worn fragments, all apparently of one vessel, of
the same type as Figs. 6, 7, and 8, Pl. V.; the vessel shown on
Pl VII. (top figure) also came from this layer; it was found
in small worn and scattered fragments aud has been restored.
_-2ft. above the bottom was found a small fragment of Samian ware
not much larger than a shilling, an oyster sbell, and fragments of
“Dead-rim” bowls. Neither of the other sections yielded pottery
at any depth. The evidence from the outer ditch is not of any
particular value, except in so far as it confirms that obtained from
76 Casterley Camp Excavations.
the rampart, showing that the outer entrenchment is at least no —
older than the inner works.
THE Pit-DWELLINGS.
In the course of trenching to locate the ditches, three pits were _
found within the irregular enclosure A. No sign of these showed
on the surface, and it-is probable that there are others hidden
beneath the soil, but they are difficult to locate, and some time
was spent in a fruitless search.
Prrale
6ft. 3in. deep, 5ft. wide at top, sides perpendicular, widening
out somewhat at the bottom.
This pit was so small that it scarcely seems possible that it
could have been used as a dwelling place, and it may have been
used chiefly for storage. Unless some form of ladder was used
it would have been by no means easy to get in and out of the pit,
as there was no step cut in the side. ;
Below the surface soil to within Ift, or 1din. of the bottom the
filling-in consisted of clay, with occasional lumps of chalk, a few
flint flakes, and a few sherds of inferior pottery. The last layer
came out quite black and consisted chiefly of wood ashes. In this
a considerable quantity of soft hand-made pottery was found,
together with the following objects :—a few flint flakes, a number
of burnt flints, two flint hammerstones, bones of animals, a sling —
bullet made of chall, a bone button (PI. I, Fig. 15), and one or two
fragments of polished bone,
1 There is a patch of the deposit known as “clay with flints” over part of
the area of the camp, including most of the irregular enclosure A, and
spreading out towards the south. In places the deposit is from 2ft. to 3ft.
thick, and filling up the natural unevenness in the surface of the chalk
beneath, it forms small clay pits over which much time and labour may be
spent before it can be decided with any certainty whether the particular
spot is a natural or an artificial pit.
By Mr. and Mrs. B. H. Cunnington. 77
IPS 24. 1PM, OWS
Oval in shape, measuring 17ft. by 15ft., general level of floor
6ft. deep, extreme depth to bottom of post hole 94ft., sides nearly
perpendicular.
This pit was very much larger than either of the other two, and
may well have been a dwelling place. As shown on plan there
was a smaller pit adjoining the larger one, forming a sort of annex.
In the centre of the larger pit a hole had been dug below the
general level of the floor, and this was probably the post hole in
which the “ roof-tree”” for support of the roof stood.
Below the surface soil to within a few inches of the bottom the
filling-in consisted of hard tenacious clay, with a number of natural
flints, very laborious and hard to dig. This material so closely
resembled a natural undisturbed deposit of “clay with flints”
that had it not been for an occasional flint flake of unmistakable
human make, and some scattered fragments of decayed wood or
charcoal, the effort to get through the clay would have been given
up, and the spot regarded as a natural “pot hole.” ~
In this pit there was no layer of ashes or black material on the
floor as in the two smaller ones, but for the last few inches above
the bottom the clay was mixed with a darkish mould, and more
earthy in character,
The floor of the annex was of level undisturbed chalk, and lying
On it were found four human skeletons, three of adults and one of
a child of about six years ofage. They lay more or less in a circle,
close to the sides of the pit, but the attitudes of the skeletons did
| not give the impression that they had been placed there with care
for burial. Under the sternum of skeleton No. 2 the spiral spring
of an iron brooch was found, and under the foot of No. 1 (the child)
a fragment of iron that may have been part of a ring, or the bow
of a brooch.
The brooch was a fortunate find as it shows that these pit people
belonged to the Early Iron Age, for otherwise the poor hand-made
quality of the pottery and the finding inthis pit of a flint axe and
flint flakes, might have given rise to the supposition that the pits
78 Casterley Camp Excavations.
were of a much earlier date. A considerable part of a large
(PL IL, Fig. 8) “cooking pot” was found, crushed among the
bones of skeleton No. 2, and sherds of similar pottery were scat-
tered over the floor of the larger pit as well as on that of the annex.
The filling-in of the annex was for some reason of a much less
clayey nature than that of the larger pit, and in it were found no-
less than fourteen antlers of the red deer. The antlers appeared
to have fallen, or to have been thrown in, in a loose heap, with
their branches pointing in all directions, some lying fairly flat,
others sticking straight up. The point of the first antler was found
1ft. below the turf, and the tangled mass extended downwards for
a depth of 2ft., thus leaving only about 1ft. between it and the
skeletons beneath. A few fragments of pit pottery were found
among the antlers, which were very much decayed, most of them
crumbling to pieces when touched. They varied considerably in
size, and several of them must have been fine specimens when
perfect; two pairs had part of the skulls attached, and must there-
fore have been taken from slaughtered deer; one of these had the
brow tine sawn off; the other antlers were all shed.
The following objects were also found in this pit:—a few flint-
flakes, a fine flint axe, found on a ledge in the wall of the large
pit; a loom weight and spindle whorl of chalk, found together
behind one of the skeletons (No. 3); and close up against the wall
at the back of the annex; fragments of coarse hand-made pottery ;
part of an iron brooch found under the sternum of skeleton No.
2, and some pieces of much rusted iron, part of a ring or the bow
of a brooch, found under the foot of the child’s skeleton. The
brooch was of stoutish iron wire, with spiral spring, pin and bow
all in one piece; only the spring anda remnant of the bow and pin,
all much rusted, remained. ;
The child’s skeleton (No. 1) lay on the threshold of the annex,
on its left side, facing into the large pit, the knees drawn up, and
hands close up in front of the face. Skeleton No. 2 (on the right
hand side looking into the annex) lay with its back close up under
the side of the pit, on its left side, one knee more drawn up than
the other, the hands close up in front of the face.
i
—
By Mr. and Mrs. B. H Cunnington. 79
Skeleton No. 3 lay close up to the wall at the back of the pit,
backbone twisted, lying partly on its side and partly on its back,
face upwards, hands down, knees slightly bent. Skeleton No, 4
was close to the wall opposite to No. 2, on its right side, hands up
to the face, ancl the knees drawn up.
Pir 3.
Tht. deep, 44{t wide at top. Sides perpendicular. The filling-in
of this pit was like that of the others, of clay, with about 1ft. of
black material and wood ash at the bottom. In this pit a ledge
eut out in the side may have served asa step. Some fragments
of “pit” pottery were found among the filling-in, and more pieces
of the same kind of pottery, some flakes and burnt flints, frag-
“mentary bones of animals, two fossil echini that had been burnt,
and a small sandstone hone, at the bottom of the pit.
THE INNER AND OUTER WoRKS CONTEMPORARY.
The question arises whether the outer entrenchment and the
inner works are of the same period, and constitute parts of a single
‘scheme, or whether they were designed independently of each
other; and further there is the possibility of the different parts of
the inner works being themselves of different dates, and planned
| without reference to each other.
That the inner and outer works were not made wholly without
| reference to each other appears from the ditches Nos. 6, 10, and 11,
and it is clear that the rampart was erected after they had been
dug, for No. 10 and 11 ended under the rampart at D and H, and
| No. 6 ran right under it into the outer ditch at B.
| It seems incredible that three separate ditches should end in
| this way in the outer entrenchment unless that entrenchment had
| been planned in reference to them, or they to it. It seems, there-
| fore, that, although the outer entrenchment was actually made
| +The fossil echinus has been noticed in pits on Wilsford Down and in
| those at All Cannings Cross. The pit-dwellers seem to have had some fancy
for them.
80 Casterley Camp Excavations.
after (at least) some of the inner works, they were not planned.
independently of each other, and cannot be of very different date,
but ave probably the work of one and the same people.
The evidence is also in favour of the greater part of the inner
works being contemporary one with another. This does not of
course necessitate that they were all actually made, or even planned,
at once, but that the various parts were made as additions to, and
not independently of, those already existing,
It appears, for instance, that the ditches Nos. 1 to 8a are mutually
inter-dependent on each other.
The relationship between Nos. 1 and 2 has already been suggested)
(page 62). Nos. 3 and 5 come to an end in the bank of No. 1, andy
could only have been made when that bank and ditch were i
evidence. No. 4 ends in No. 3 ata sharp angle, and must havey
been dug when No. 3 was still open to the bottom.
Nos. 6 and 7 start at right-angles out of No. 1, and could only
have been dug when No. 1 was open to the bottom; No. 7 runs
into No. 8, and consequently shows that Nos, 1 and 8 must have
been open at the same time. The short ditch No. 8a begins (01
ends) in No. 8, the two being of equal depth at their point off
junction.
Thus it is clear that Nos. 1 to 8a form a contemporary group
all planned in relation to each other, with No. I as the principal ang
_ connecting link of the group. It has already been shown (page 61)
on different grounds, that the irregular enclosures were subordinath,
to the rectilinear enclosure bounded by ditch No. 1, and now iff
appears that No. 1 is actually the most important member of th
group, forming, as it does, the connecting link between this systen
of ditches.
In the same way it will be seen that Nos. 9, 10, and 11 ar}
evidently connected with each other, but it is not impossible thal iA
these three are altogether independent of Nos. 1 to 8a, for No.
euts right through No. 9, and therefore these two ditches were ne
necessarily made in reference to each other.
Nevertheless the groups Nos. 1 to 8a and 9 to 11 are both linkell ©
with the outer entrenchment, and it may be argued that if bo :
By Mr. and Mrs. B.. H. Cunnington. 81
rary with each other. The fact that a ditch from both groups
_ THE Date OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE HARTHWORKS.
‘The fact that fragments of “ bead-rim” bowls were found under
e ditches of the inner works, to the exclusion of later types, shows
th
t these ditches had begun to silt up, before the later Romano-
ritish wares had become, as they eventually did, common on the
As already explained, the ramparts of the inner works have
rely disappeared, so that no evidence could be obtained from
hem, but it seems from the general arrangement of the ditches
the inner and outer works must have been practically con-
porary with one another. The conclusion therefore seems
itable that the date of the construction of the earthworks at.
terley is identical with that of the “ bead-rim ” type of pottery.
;remains to be seen within what limits this date can be fixed.
The results obtained from excavations at the Roman camp at
Haltern, in Westphalia, afford valuable evidence as to the date
may be given to this type of pottery in Germany.t Bowls or
‘ing pots with “inbent” or “bead rims” occurred plentifully
Jaltern; the earliest of these were mostly hand-made vessels of
ive manufacture, while the later ones were wheel-turned and
under Roman influence.
the “bead-rim” bowl pottery at Casterley is well made and:
-turned.
e finds at Haltern all fall within the few years between about
C., and 10 A.D. As the evolution of the “bead-rim ” bowl
apparently be traced at Haltern from its native hand-made
itterlungen der Altertums—Kommission fir Westfalen, V., 1909. p.
: ype 58, Abb, 32,a—c, Pl. XXI., 20, and-p. 294, type 91, Abb, 48, 1—
XXV., 4—10.
XXXVIII.—NO. CXIX. G
82 Casterley Camp Excavations.
prototype, and the developed wheel-turned bowls were only made
there under Roman influence, the developed wheel-turned bowl —
may be considerably later in date at Casterley than at Haltern,
but it can scarcely be earlier. ‘
It is not known with any certainty how long this type survived,
but as at Casterley it was found—in the critical positions as far |
as date is concerned—without intermixture of later Romano-British —
types, this point does not materially affect the case. It would be
more to the point to know how soon the later types, including the
early Samian, appeared, for it is clear that the ditches had already —
begun to silt up before they arrived at Casterley.
Samian ware seems to have been imported into Britain to some
extent even before the Roman conquest of A.D. 43, but it is not 3
at all common till after that date. Its absence, and the absence —
of all the other common Romano-British types from the lower —
strata of the ditches, point to the earthworks not having been kept
in repair, and the consequent silting up of the ditches, soon after —
the date of the Roman conquest. It seems, therefore, not im- —
probable that the earthworks became obsolete, and were allowed ~
to fall into decay, as a consequence of the Roman occupation of |
the country Thus it appears that the earthworks as a whole
were made in the period somewhere between about 10 A.D. and i
the latter part of the century, but probably before the year 43 A.D. ~
It may be that some of the inner works were actually made some- —
what before the earlier date, but it is remarkable that, except in
the pits themselves, only some half-dozen fragments were found
of any pottery earlier than that of the wheel-turned “bead-—
rim” bowls. It does not, therefore, seem likely that the site was —
inhabited to any extent before the period of this particular type |
of wheel-turned pottery.
Professor Haverfield, to whom we are greatly indebted for
reading these notes, and for his valuable criticisms, writes :—
“I think that you are probably right in your dating of
Casterley. The objects which you have found in the lowest strata
' Professor Haverfield writes :—“ There is certainly no recognisable trace
ot Italian or Roman influence in the plan of the village.”
By Mr. and Mrs. B. H. Cunnington. 83
of the place, and which would, therefore, naturally belong to its
earliest period, seem to be early in character and to belong indeed
to the beginning of the Christian era. Mr. Bushe-Foxe, to whom
I have had a chance opportunity of showing your specimens of
“bead-rims,” tells me that his recent excavations at Hengistbury,
near Christchurch, yielded a good many specimens of pottery of
similar fabric aud rim to yours, and he is inclined to date these to
the century of which the beginning of the Christian era marks the
middle; something, however, would depend on the shape of the
bowl as well as onitsrim. There are certainly cases abroad where
this rim occurs on rough similar wares of a good deal later date
than A.D. 50, and I suspect there may be cases also in England.
It is, of course, not quite safe to adopt the chronology of a local
ware made on the Rhine as a precise guide for the dating of a
similar British ware. A common style of pot, made at one period
on both sides of the Channel, may have lasted on in one district
for some time after it had ceased to be made in the other. The
Galtern parallels give, therefore, rather a general clue than a
precise date for your Casterley pieces.”
CASTERLEY AS AN INHABITED SITE,
The Three Periods of Occupation.
Although it appears that the earthworks as a whole belong to
‘one definite period, there were three stages in the occupation of
' Casterley as an inhabited site.
The earliest of these is represented by the three pit-dwellings
that were found, which are certainly older than the earthworks,
and do not appear to have had any connection with them, it being
‘probably a mere coincidence that they were within the area.
The second stage is that of the erection and occupation of the
earthworks by a people using “bead-rim” bowls of hard-baked,
wheel-turned pottery, entirely distinct from that of the soft hand-
made pottery of the pit people.
The third is that of the decay of the inner works, when the
ditches were already silted up, and the inhabitants were living
' under Roman influence.
G 2
84., Casterley Camp Excavations.
The relationship between the first and second people is not clear,
but the evidence favours a decided break between the two occu-
pations, either in point of time or of an invasion by a uew race, or
tribe, of superior culture. :
Be this as it may, the pit people themselves belong to the Early
Iron Age, as was shown by the discovery of an iron brooch, and
other fragments of iron, at the bottom of the largest pit.
The pottery from the pits is strikingly different from that found
in the ditches, and the fact that not a fragment of the later types
of pottery was found in either of the pits, seems to be good evidence
that the pits must have been filled up either before, or on, the
arrival of the people using “ head-rim” bowls.
It may be said that perhaps only the poorer people used the pits,
and that therefore only the poorer kind of pottery would be found
in them. But in every ditch, almost in every cutting, fragments
of “bead-rim” bowls were found in the bottoms of the ditches, and
it is impossible to believe that, had these pits and ditches been
open at the same time, some fragments of the pottery so freely
scattered about the ditches would not also have found their way
into the pits, separated as they are by only a few feet from sections
of ditches that proved to contain many fragments of “ bead-rim ”
bowls and their contemporary types. One would also expect to
find a certain proportion of the coarser pottery in the ditches along
with the better made wares had the two types been in use at the
same time. But with the exception of a few small worn fragments
in ditches Nos. 3 and 5, and at the bottom of the sunken way, none
were found in the ditches, although fragments occasionally turned
up in surface trenches,
There is, on the other hand, no reason to believe that there
was any break between the two latter stages, and it is prob-
able that the same people continued in peaceful occupation of
the site after, as before, the Roman conquest, only gradually
adopting something of the manners and customs of their conquerors
as in time they became familiarised with them. That Roman
habits were more or less adopted is shown by the discovery of
the T-shaped fireplace, of bricks and tiles of Roman pattern, and —
By Mr. and Mrs. B. H. Cunnington. 85
- pieces of mortaria, Samian and other pottery, coins, etc., such as
are usually associated with Romano-British remains.
At what date the settlement ceased to be inhabited there is no
direct evidence. The presence of coins of the Constantine period
suggests that it was occuped at least as late as the earlier part of the
fourth century. It is, perhaps, not improbable that Casterley gradu-
ally ceased to be inhabited in the fifth century, as a result of the
Saxon occupation of the country. The Saxons, it seems, preferred to
settle in the valleys, in sheltered and well-watered sites that are
- inhabited to this day. It is a fact, at least in Wiltshire, that while
relics: of Romano-British and earlier habitation are of frequent
occurrence on the downs, those of post-Roman date are conspicuous
by their absence, and it seems not improbable that all the sites
of the so-called “British villages” on the high downs gradually
fell into decay at this period, as their inhabitants of native descent
fell victims to the Saxon onslaughts, died, or migrated to the more
genial and prosperous settlements of their conquerors, to become
in time racially absorbed in them.
THE POTTERY.
It has been said that three distinct stages can be recognised
in the occupation of Casterley Camp.
The recognition of these stages of occupation is based on the
_ character of the pottery, which falls naturally and inevitably into
_ three classes or types.
- (1) The first, or “pit,” period, is easily dealt with, there being
| a clear distinction between it and the second period, not only in
the type of the pottery itself, but in its place of occurrence also.
The pottery found in the three pit-dwellings was, without exception,
‘all of inferior quality, hand-made and devoid of ornamentation.
The colour of the paste is black or very dark brown, sometimes
1 There is a local tradition to the effect that the village of Upavon once
stood where the camp is, and that the people eventually moved down and
~ built Upavon. That part of the camp situated at the head of the combe is
said to have been the burial ground. It is not known if any burials have
ever been found there to give rise to this latter part of the tradition.
86 Casterley Camp Excavations.
baked on the outside of the vessel to a dull red colour. It is very —
soft and sandy, and only occasionally mixed with grains of
pounded flint. It is imperfectly baked, and when wet very apt to
erumble to pieces, and even after it has been dried it breaks easily,
and can be cut witha knife. Both the inner and the outer surfaces
are often striated, the result apparently of tools used in smoothing
the surfaces before baking. A few pieces have been smoothly tooled
and beara fair polish. Compared fragment with fragment, or taken
as a whole, this pit-pottery presents a striking contrast to the hard-
baked, wheel-turned wares of the two succeeding stages. The frag-
ments found seem all to have been parts of bowls or cooking pots,
with straight rims, rather straight sides, and flat bottoms, but the
pieces are mostly too small to determine the exact shapes of the
vessels. The two largest pieces are shown on PI. IV., Figs. 8 and 12.
Scarcely any of the pit type of pottery was found except in the
pits themselves, and this perhaps suggests that there was no con-
siderable occupation of the site by these people. This soft badly
baked pottery, however, crushes into powder when trodden upon,
and a later occupation of the site would in this way destroy much.
of it beyond recognition.
(2) Between the pottery of the two later stages there is no such
distinct difference in quality, and it is only when the two are
compared as a whole that the difference becomes apparent.
To demonstrate this, the pottery from all the lower strata of all
the cuttings made through the ditches was arranged side by side
with that from the upper strata in the same ditches. Half the
depth was taken as the line of separation, because the deepest find
of Samian wave was at just half the depth of ditch No.1; it seems
that where, as in this case, an earlier merges without a break into
a later stage, some such arbitrary line must be drawn.
As a result of this arrangement, it appeared at a glance that
there was a very striking difference between the pottery from the
' Similar pottery, equally badly baked and roughly made, has been found
with other Early Iron Age remains in Wilts, as at a site near All Cannings
Cross (Wilts Arch. Mag., xxxvii., 526) and in pits on Wilsford Down, near
Avebury, etc.
By Mr. and Mrs. B. H. Cunnington. 87
upper and lower strata of the ditches. Certain kinds of ware and
types of vessels were seen to occur below, that were absent or only
poorly represented above, while wares and types appeared above
that were entirely unknown below.
In the lower half, the pottery consisted entirely of bowls or
cooking pots with bead or inbent rims, and of a few other types
that are found elsewhere in association with the bowls—rim
sherds of the. bowls themselves being actually more numerous
than those of all the other vessels put together in the proportion
of about one to four.!
1 This type of vessel is also described as a “ cooking pot with inbent rim,”
or as the “ Haltern cooking pot.” The bowls from Casterley appear to be
identical with the cooking pots found at Haltern and described by Loeschcke
under type 58 (Mitteilungen der Altertums-Kommuission fiir Westfalen V.
1909, Die Keramischen Kunde, by S. Loeschcke, p. 240). Loeschcke believes
the vessels found at Haltern to have been made at the Roman potteries at
Xanten, but that they are Belgian in form, and copied from handmade
Belgian models, these earlier handmade pots also occurring at Haltern and
being described under types 914, 91B. The occupation of Haltern is stated
to have lasted only about a quarter of a century, and to have been not
earlier than the year 11 B.C. and not later than 10 or 16 A.D, The
‘Tim described by Loeschcke as the least common and probably the latest
form of the “bead-rim” at Haltern (Abb. 38-c, p. 241) is almost the only
forin found at Casterley. The fact that it is found at Haltern at all shows
‘that this form was already developed not later thani6 A.D. lLoeschcke
thinks that with certain changes this type of rim survived into the third
century,but the evidence as regards Wiltshire suggests the disappearance of
these bowls as early as the end of the first century. :
Mr. Thos. May, in his valuable paper on ““The Roman Pottery in the
‘York Museum” (reprinted from the “‘ Reports of the Yorkshire Philosophical
Society, 1912, p. 86), states that the “inbent rims” of later date are more
: upright and end in triangular or heart-shaped thickenings. Mr. May states
that the “bead-rim bowl” or “ Haltern cooking pot” appears to have been
‘widely distributed in the east and south of Britain in the first half of the
‘itst century, and cites the bowls from Casterley as illustrated in the
“Catalogue of the Antiquities in the Devizes Museum, Part II.”
| There is evidence to show that the “ bead-rim bowl” type did not survive
i here to any extent to the end of the first century. Among a large collection
of pottery from a Romano-British site at Westbury, Wilts, in the Museum
‘ab Devizes, including first century Samian, there is not a single fragment of
a“bead-rim” bowl; the type is scarcely to be found at all in the pottery
| from the several Roman villas represented in the Museum. In the.early
Occupation of the Roman fort at Newstead, dating (it is said) from about
88 Casterley Camp Excavations.
The “bead-rim” bowls range in size from large pans that coulda
not. have measured less than from 15in. to 20in. in rim diameter,
to small delicate bowls of from 3in to 4in. in rim diameter.
The paste is very hard, and usually grey, varying from a light grey
to black; sometimes the ware is baked to a light red or buff colour, i
and then the paste usually contains red particles of pounded brick
or pottery. Sometimes the paste is mixed with pounded flint, and
often a considerable quantity of black particles. These black
particles consist of carbonized vegetable matter, and under the
microscope fragments of wood, and of grass or straw, have been
recognised.”
Many of the bowls have been stained black, and in that case
generally have a beautifully smooth and polished surface?
80, till or after 86 A.D., the type does not seem to occur at all, nor at
Gellygaer, in Glamorgan, said to have been first occupied soon after
A.D. 100. On both these sites flanged rim bowls seem plentiful, while they
were entirely absent in the “ bead-rim” bowl period at Casterley, Oare, and
Knap. As to whether this pottery was imported or made locally there is |
little or no evidence, but the quantities in which it is found, and the fact
that it is not mixed with poorer quality ware, suggests Tether a local, or
at least a British, manufacture. 4
2 Some years ago the remains of kilns were found at Broomsgrove, near
Pewsey, Wilts (Wilts Arch. Mag. . XXvii., 294). Some of the pottery found
there was of the “ bead-rim” bowl type, ain contained similar black grains,
Specimens of this pottery were sent to General Pitt-Rivers, who stated that
he had noticed similar grains in pottery he had found in the Wansdyke, but
that he had found nothing similar to it in the neighbourhood of Rushmore,
(Ibid, pp. 299—300. Hxcavations, III., Pl. CCXXITI. Fig. 15 ; Pl. CCXXIIL,
Figs. 12, etc.). It would be evereeaae to know if similis black particles
had been noticed in pottery from other localities.
3 The extreme blackness of some of the ware, and the variation in coloui
is probably due to “fuming,” or smothering, a process well known, it seems,
in the Late-Celtic or La Téne period. Before the firing is completed the
vessels in the kilns are smothered in dense black smoke, the resulting black
or blackish colour being due to the chemical action of the smoke and gases
in combination with the iron in the clay, not—as was formerly thought—
by the direct penetration of soot, or carbon particles. Another method that
seems to have been employed was that of dipping the partially baked vesse
in a solution of “ground iron” and then re-firing. Some such practice as
this may account for the fact that the bowls often show a zone of polishe
black surface round the rim, whilst the rest of the vessel is left rough and
of a dull red colour, perhaps the upper part of the vessel only having bee
dipped.
By ‘Mr. and Mrs. BH. Cunnington. 89
A distinct variety of paste is black or very dark brown, and
mixed with a large proportion of pounded white flint, and this
when tooled gives the ware almost a speckled appearance. ‘he
bowls are often tooled and polished from rim to shoulder, the rest
of the surface being left comparatively rough. Some of them have
a more or less pronounced cordon round the shoulder (PI. IV.,
Fig. 11; Pl. VIL, Figs. 21—23). The vessels found with the bow]s
are usually made of the same kind of paste as the bowls them-
selves ; they are: (a) open shallow dishes(Pl. VIL., Fig.3; Pl. VIL,
Figs. 23—30) ; (6) covers with hollow knobs (PI. VIL, Fig. 4); (©)
jars with recurved upright rims (Pl. IV., Figs. 1, 2, 9); (d) vessels
with moulded foot rings and wide expanding bodies, decorated with
cordons or with lustrous tooled lines round their girth (Pl. VL,
Figs. 3—5); (e) cups or bowls with or without cordons (Pl. VIL,
Figs. 1, 2). Associated with these in the lower strata of the ditches
were a few pieces of particularly interesting pottery of finer wares,
including red and black (terra nigra) Belgic ware, and some very
‘fine white and greyish wares ornamented with feathered zigzag
(Pl. V., Figs. 1—2) and with hatched patterns (PI. V., Figs. 6—8;
Pl. VI, Fig. 1) (see description of plates).
A large quantity of pottery of the “ bead-rim” type was Jigcovenal
in 1908 near Oare, on the Rainscombe estate, Pewsey, in what is
believed to be an accumulation of rubbish from some dwelling site.”
The pottery from Oare and that of the second period at Casterley
are identical in character. The “ bead-rim” bowls themselves from
the two sites have every characteristic in common, and the other
pottery, such as covers, shallow ditches, cups with cordons, etc,
‘Tt has been remarked that with the large quantity of pottery of the
'bead-rim type so few associated relics were found. But taken as a whole
the finds at Casterley were not numerous, and doubtless a certain number
of the surface finds really date from the earlier or bead-rim period, while
it is not possible to ascribe them to it definitely. With the exception of
the iron pin (Pl. III., Fig. 16); the hammer head (PI. VIIL., Fig. 1), a few
nondescript fragments of bronze and iron, some sling bullets, fragments of
loom weights, one or two spindle whorls and pottery disks, really nothing
was found in the lower strata of the ditches in definite association with
’ “bead-rims.”
2 Wilts Arch. Mag., xxxvi., 125,
90 Casterley Camp Excavations.
found at Casterley associated with “bead-rim” bowls, were also —
found at Oare. The finer wares from both sites are also
practically identical, although Arretine ware has been identified
at Oare and not at Casterley. The types of Romano-British pottery,
including Samian ware, that were absent from the strata containing
exclusively the “bead-rim” type of pottery at Casterley, were also —
wanting at Oare.
From the evidence of date afforded by the pottery, fibule, and
other objects found there, the accumulation of the rubbish heap at
Oare has been dated about the early years of our era. Thus on
independent grounds the same date has been arrived at on both
sites for the period of the ascendancy of the “ bead-rim ” bowl.
A third site has also afforded evidence of the prevalence of the
”?
“bead-rim” type of pottery previous to that of the ordinary
Romano-British wares. On Knap Hill' a small settlement en-
closed by a slight bank and ditch was discovered, adjoining the —
earlier hilltop camp. In the lower part of the filling-in of this
ditch, only pottery of the “bead-rim ” type was found, while on the
surface and elsewhere relics of the Romano-British period were
plentiful.”
In the upper strata of the ditches at Casterley “ bead-rims” were
comparatively scarce, and only occurred as small and worn
fragments, whereas from below the pieces were both larger and
less worn.
1 Wilts Arch. Mag., Xxxvil., 42.
2 The evidence that “ bead-rim” bowls are, on the whole, of early date, —
is in no way contradicted by the observations made by General
Pitt-Rivers in the three villages of Romano-British date examined by
him. The percentage of “bead-rims” was smallinallthe villages, being
2.16 at Woodcuts, 1.50 at Rotherley, and only 0.03 at Woodyates. At
Woodcuts and Rotherley the proportion of “ bead-rims ” was far less on the
surface than in the pits; in Woodcuts it was 9.52 on the surface as against
5.81 in the pits, and at Rotherley 0.71 as against 4.10. (Haxcavations, II.,
pp. 144-5; IIL., pp. 17, 53). General Pitt-Rivers remarks “ this led to the
inference that ‘‘bead-rims” being a simpler form of pottery, and as a rule
of rude quality, may have been in earlier use than other kinds of vessels.”
On the sites of some of the so-called “British Villages” on the downs,
fragments of “ bead-rim” bowls are abundant, while on others they seem
to be almost, if not quite, absent. This may point to the earlier origin of
some villages than of others.
By Mr. and Mrs. B. H. Cunnington. 91
A few “recurved” rims were found below, but in comparison
with “bead-rims” they were scarce; above, the proportion is re-
versed, and it is the “bead-rims” that have become scarce.
The following types of vessels and wares, found in the upper
strata of the ditches, were entirely absent from the lower strata :
deepish bowls of grey or black ware with flanged rims (Pl. VIIL.,
Figs. 1—15; Pl. IV., Fig. 7); vessels of the so-called “Upchurch
olle” type with zones of lattice pattern; New Forest, Castor, and
Samian ware, mortaria, and the thin, rather soft red ware, some-
times coated white, that is common in the later period.
The lowest find of Samian ware was 4—5ft. deep in ditch No. 1,
consisting of fragments of two bowls of form 30 and one of form
29.
The finds of this ware consisted generally of only small frag-
ments, but the following forms have been recognised: forms 25,
27, 33 or 44, 35, 36, 79, 80, 81; and of decorated bowls forms
29, 30, and 37.
Three makers’ stamps were found, namely :—BVRDOF, for Burdo
{(ecit) on the base of a small bowl (form 33 ?) found on the surface
of ditch No. 2; PECVAR.F., for Peculiaris f(ecit), on a small base
from the hut-site at Ia; and DECMI MA, for Decimus Ma(nus),
from the burnt stratum at the entrance to the rectilinear enclosure.’
The accumulation of pottery found in the T-shaped fireplace, or
hypocaust, and in its adjoining praefurnium, is of peculiar interest
because it was probably collected within a few years at most, and
it is instructive as to the various kinds in use at the same time.
There were here altogether two hundred and sixty 1m
pieces of various vessels, including, it is remarkable, only one
‘sinall worn fragment of a “bead-rim” bowl. Evidently “bead-
tim” bowls were not used by the people to whom this fireplace
belonged; it is probable that even this one piece, as it was more
1 These three names are probably those of manufacturers at Lezoux in the
Second century. The two former names are known to occur on bowls of
form 33, and the latter on bowls of the same form from Pudding Pan Rock,
the site (it is believed) of the wreck of a boat load of these wares somewhere
I the second century A.D. (Pro. Soc. Ant., xxi., 268; xxii., 395).
=
:
Bop Casterley Camp Excavations.
worn than the other pottery, slipped in from the surface, and
became accidentally associated with it after the destruction of the
fireplace. Among this pottery were fragments of mortariums of
red and cream-coloured ware, deepish basins with flanged rims,
(PLIV., Fig.'7); jars of grey and black “Upchurch” ware with
lattice pattern, jugs with handles, New Forest ware, thin red pottery,
some with white coating, and Samian ware. Among other frag-
ments of Samian of unidentifiable forms (plain wares) was a piece
of a bowl of form 37 with transitional decoration in two zones or
friezes. Dragendorff, Déchelette, and indeed all workers, place
this style of ornamenting bowls of form 37 as earliest in the series
of bowls of this type. Déchelette ascribes them (in the case of
Lezoux wares) to the period A.D. 75—110, or thereabout. The date
of this fireplace may, therefore, probably come within this period.
Very grateful acknowledgments are due to Mr. Percy Farrer,
of the R. E. Staff of HM. War Department at Bulford, for
surveying and measnring the excavations, and for plotting out the
ditches, &e. This work was undertaken by him as a labour of love,
often at considerable personal inconvenience, not only as regards
the actual field work, for which he made many visits to Casterley,
but also the tedious task of preparing the plans and sections.
The sunken road at the western entrance was surveyed and
planned by Mr. A. J. Randell, of Devizes.
All the objects found during the excavations have been placed
in the Society's Museum, at Devizes, by permission of H.M. War
Department, in whose ownership the site now is.
By Mr. and Mrs. B. H. Cunnington. 93
Corns.
We are indebted to Mr. H. St. George Gray for very kindly
identifying and describing the coins found at Casterley. As Mr.
Gray remarks they cover a period of nearly 300 years, and it is a
little surprising that more were not found,
1. CLAUDIUST., A.D. 41—54. Second brass (dupondius). Obv. :—
(TI CLAVDIVS CAESAR AVG. P.M. TR.P. IMP. P.P.)=Bare
head to left. Rev. :—(S.) C.=Pallas standing to r., throwing a
dart and holding a buckler. Struck A.D. 41. Cohen 84. (This
coin has been burnt).
Found in burnt layer at entrance to rectilinear enclosure.
2. NERO, A.D. 54—68. Second brass (dupondius). Obv.:—NERO
CLAVD. CAESAR AVG. GER. P.M. TR.P. IMP. P.P.)=Head to
right; a globe below. Rev. :—S.C,=Victory ascending, and.
holding a buckler upon which is inscribed S.P.Q.R. Struck
between A.D. 66 and 68. Cohen 292.
Found with fragments of Samian bowls of forms 29 and 30,
44ft, deep, at entrance to rectilinear enclosure.
3. VESPASIAN, A.D. 69—79. Second brass (dupondius). Obv. :—
IMP. CAESAR VESPASIAN AVG, COS. IIl.=Laureated head
to right. ev. :—S.C.= Eagle with head turned to right, stand-
ing ona globe. Struck A.D. 71. Cohen 480.
Found in surface soil over Ditch No. 2.
4, VESPASIAN. Same type as No. 3.
Found in surface soil over Pit 1.
5. FAUSTINA senior, wife of Antoninus Pius (died A.D. 141).
First brass (sestertzus). Poor specimen.
Surface Ditch No. 7.
6. MARCUS AURELIUS, A.D. 140—180. First brass (sestertius).
Poor specimen.
Found in surface soil, Ditch No. 7.
7. ALLECTUS, A.D. 293—296. Third brass. Odv.:—IMP. C.
ALLECTVS P.F- AVG.=Bust radiated, draped, and cuirassed.
Rev. :—PAX AVG.=Peace standing to left, holding an olive
branch in right hand, and transverse sceptre in left hand. S.P.
‘in field. ML. in exergue. Cohen 37.
Found in surface soil over Ditch No. 10.
8. HELENA, wife of Constantius Chlorus, and mother of Constan-
tine I. (died A.D. 328). Third brass (silvered). Obv. :—
FL. HELENA AVGVSTA=Draped bust to right, with a diadem
ornamented with pearls and a pearl necklace. Rev, :—
SECVRITAS REIPVBLICE=Helena, veiled, standing to left,
~ holding a branch and raising her dress. In exergue R Q with
a wreath between (?). Cohen 12.
Found 1ft. deep in outer ditch at DD.
94 Casterley Camp Excavations.
9. CONSTANTINE I., A.D. 306—337. Third brass. Obv. :—
CONSTANTI (NVS P. F. AVG)=Laureated and draped bust to —
right. Rev. :—SOLI INVIC(TO COMIT!)=The sun, semi-nude, ©
standing to left, raising right hand, and holding a globe. In
field, T.F. In exergue PLN (London). Struck between A.D.
315 and 318.
Found in surface soil, Ditch No. 1.
10. CONSTANTINE II., A.D. 317—337. Third brass. Obv. :—
CONSTANTINVS IVN. NOB. C.=Laureated head to right.
Rev. :—CAESARVM NOSTORVM around a laurel wreath ;
VOT. X inside. In exergue PTR (Tréves). Cohen 38.
Found in surface soil over Pit 1.
11. Unidentifiable. Second brass.
Found in surface soil over Pit 1.
12. Unidentifiable. Second brass ; burnt.
Found as No. 1.
H. Sr. Grorce Gray.
HuMAN REMAINS FOUND AT CASTERLEY.
Notes by the late Dr. J. Beddoe, F.RS.
[Nos. 2, 3, and 4 were found in Pit 2. The fourth skeleton
(No. 1) found in the pit was too immature for useful measurement.
No. 6 was found buried in the rectilinear enclosure. |
Sxutt No. 2.
Lengths max .201 Circumference, horizontal, is large, about 550°
3 Glab-inial 196 Sagittal, frontal are 122
2 Metopo-inial 192 parietal 138
Ophryo-inial 195 occipital sup. 65
: occipital inf. 58
Breadths front-min. 91 Height basio-bregmatic 144
Stephanic 110 basio-maxim 148
Maximum135 ‘Transverse arc, from centre of meatus 340
The maximum breath German way 342
is parietal, & very Cranial Index 67.16
high Do. altit. 71.63
There is much posthumous deformation about this skull, which has
interfered with the piecing, as well as otherwise affecting the measurements.
Dentition incomplete : teeth moderately worn: one carious. The calvarium
would pretty surely have been shorter, broader, and lower but for the post-
humous compression. It is coffin-shaped in vertical aspect, with square
By Mr. and Mrs. B. H Cunnington.
96
narrow forehead, great elevation of posterior parietals, strong parietal
. bosses.
It is thin and light, with large capacity. I make it 1628, the medium of
seven methods giving 1638, with wide variations: but the deformation
makes all these results even less trustworthy than usual.
SKuLL No. 3.
Lengths Max 190 Height Basio-bregmatic
Metopo-inial 171 EKar-height
Glab-inial 176 Orbital (right) 42—33
Ophryo-max 183 Nasal 49—24
Facial 74 Palatal 51—36 ?
; Circumfer. horiz. 514
Breadths Front-min 91 Sagittal, frontal 130
Stephanic 107 parietal 132
2 Auric 104 Occip. sup. 75
1 Zygom 127% inf. 50?
Maximum 130 Transverse 310
Mastoid 120 German way 312
Astevial 108 3 Cranial index 68.42
Bigonial 113
Mandible Chin height 37
Length 95 Ramus 70
Male adult, probably aged, though some sutures open.
150?
125 2
Skull long oval, phenozygous, carinate, rather thick, with glabella and
Tidges prominent and forehead low and narrow. Teeth worn: only 12 in
maxilla. Chin bifid, jaw heavy.
Capacity not large: mean of eight plans (two of Welcker’s, three of
Pearson’s, one Pelletier’s), 1461—Manouvrier and Flower 1393, Beddoe 1432 :
these are probably the most nearly correct.
SKULL No. 4.
Lengths Glab-maximum 180 Height Opistho-vertical 1385
Metopo-inial 182 Basio-bregme: impracticable
Glab-inial 180
Ophryo-max (Inial) 181
Circum-horizontal 526
Breadth Front min 94 Fe Sagittal frontal 130
Stephanic 112 parietal 135
Zygomatic 131 Occip. sup. 62
Auricular 111 waa 57
Maximum 144p ©
Mastoid 120 5 Transverse (by 327
Astevial 108 centre of meatus)
Bigonial 102 Bb German way 324
Mandible. Chin-height 32 Cranial Index 80.00
Length 94 Ramus 68
Male adult, probably of considerable age.
96 Casterley Camp Excavations.
Sphenoid in vertical aspect; phenozygous; well arched and rounded in
lateral do. ; inclining to platykephaly ; orbits squarish; glabella and brow
ridges not very prominent, but occipital ridge strong. Teeth moderately
worn, one carious in maxilla. Capacity.—Average of four diametral plans
1440, of three peripherals 1538. Manouvrier and Flower, 14507 Beddoe,
1534. I think it must be quite 1500.
These three skulls (2, 3, 4) differ very widely znter se, but are all of types
apt to occur in the Jate Celtic period, when the prevailing forms are such
as might probably result from admixture of much of the Neolithic race with
a smaller proportion of the “bronze” element, while now and then pretty
pure survivals of the amalgamated types crop out atavistically. In this
instance No. 4 is scarcely distinguishable from an ordinary round barrow
cranium of the bronze period, though not so rugged as such skulls frequently
are, while No. 2 has the coffin shape which is a slight modification of the
pentagonal and long elliptic types common in the Neolithic people, and the
extreme smallness of its cranial index is due to compression.
Long Bones.
Two Right Femora :—
m.m,
1.—Length 18.25 inches=463.5.
or in position 18.33=465
Mid-shaft circ. 92. 28X31
Diameter of head 48
Fine bone, bent and pilastered ; neck-arch flattened
2.—Lenegth 16.75 inches=426
5, in position 17.1=430
Mid-shaft cire. 85. 27X25
Diameter of head 49.
Much bowed and twisted, but very little pilastered ; neck almost
horizontal
Three Left Humeri, lengths 12.7, 12.0, and 13.0 inches, or 322, 305, and
330. Circumf. mid-shaft 60, 58, 65.
One Right Humerus, 12.3=312, circumf. 63.
SKULL No. 6.
Lengths Breadths
Glabello-max 188 ? Frontal min. 94
Metopo-inial 178 Stephanic 118
Glabello-inial 178 Zygomatic 128
Ophryo-inial 2 Auricular 1072
Facial 69 Maximum 136
Do. 120 Mastoid 120
Astevial 113
Bigonial 113
Arcs Kar-height 114 -
Circumf.-horiz 5301 central 1:
TEAS
Ure errr tte
pee es fle
mp ese 23)
Pirate I.—Objects from Casterley Camp—z.-
> Wy UG
PLATE II.—Objects from Casterley Camp—4.
1
a.
Prats III].—Objects from Casterley Camp—
wi
at
¥
‘due Aajieyseyj woiz A1oy30d— A] ALVIg
Prate V.—Pottery from Casterley Camp.
Pirate VI.—Pottery from Casterley Camp.
asl
Puate VII.
é ag 4
LS
Casterley Camp.
Pottery.
Puate VIII.
Casterley Camp. Iron hammer and spear head, }
Sections of rims of pottery vessels, 2.
SS
Gi,
—=—==<—S A>
Prats 1X. Objects from Casterley Camp. +
gilt
1
Plan of Inner Works |
aF
Caslerley Camb.
1, 20.30, 49. $0.
The capital letters on the key refer to sections on Plate XII.
Sketch key plan and enlargement of inner works.
Casterley Camp.
Priate X,
the Roman numerals on the enlargement to sections on Plate XIII.
Pas
. a
General Site Plan | Li esas
Scale abt Elachesto One Mile! J 2 +6,
ffushall
Upavan
=
—
aN
B=
AN iS
WS
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As. Deen
ris
i tMage
Puate XI. Casterley Camp.
bSrox:evel of Gamo
86. 10. ki 807
Al ie k= Gp . #4: 6.0 ->|
es SHO
Yprox: vel ofan
Long ludinal Seeljon of hth
al SScle of Enfrance
36 eh, bio
io Vpn 4397p 59°} no 4.
ea, Se Nelailof Southern.
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7
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Uprox vel of (ams se cael V e / ( (
| ] usewa ———_—. i
rae = ee eG = = as \ a (user iY) 1 1)
ae. Wer
eel GUKEER| jo ip *
+12" ss) 1) ‘
PuaTte XII. Casterley Camp. Sections of outer entrenchment as shown by letters on key plan, and details of the southern
entrance at “G” on key plan (Plate X.).
oe cid
DBiprox level of amp
Stale Of Feel
| Flan of falrance
he fechlaear Caclesure.
VIL.
Onn 4. ne
Caousewar
see ee “Sey faite: =
0” fine
i am "aed XI
ae ©
ae Le OM Tafine C Old Terffine
MSide > 5:6" NSide
Sechion / ue
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ew
LENO pre Ne fe PIE ee
Seclion E-P Section 6-44
Pate XIII. Casterley Camp. Sections of ditches of the inner works as shown by Roman numerals on key
(Plate X.), and details of entrance to rectilinear enclosure.
j
Junction of Dilh 6 and
mi lches.
7
JYeclion at 8 along Centre of Lileh 6
across he xo Difch fo smaller Gileh of
ouler Ramparf.
Piate XIV. Casterley Camp. Plans and sections of
pit-dwelling, of the T-shaped fire-place, and details of
junction of ditches at “ B” on sketch key plan (Plate X.).
e
CD al P LS a
Ley rg CN ee Za
Fechions, ‘i cs aS ie . i
a
Wve
bnlarged Plan of R-
Aalersechon of. Sunken
foad® Ehrnal Milch.
re %
ae WV ya it
fj ty Wea >> \
Plan of dlersechon S—— LAA ANN ZA ANY
of Sunken Koad} Vernal Mikh SS ZZ ZN ZAM \ |
aoe aro Tae Ta 2 at a tw oft a
F 160" $5 — /7.0 "5 dale eee Se ares Oates :
re) A *O Topof Ban
Sel Seq TR 77} Sew eo TR mide: ~
t__ Zor 2 by 7 SiG? a TOD Do
: — Be hl YRede NET Tarp OI
D A ——— = ees Vy
EF CH Aes
10 20 SEER EEF kong Fidinal Sechion Ff Sinker Road | 0"
Puate XV. Casterley Camp. Plans and sections of sunken road.
By Mr..and Mrs. B. H. Cunnington. oF
Sagittal Frontal 135 | German way 113
To Inial 330 2 Orbital 40—33
—Opisthion 378 Nasal 48—22
Transverse 313 Palatal 45—4]
German way 316
Mandible -
Chinheight 32
Length 90
Ramus 60
Indices Capacity
Cranial Long? 72:66 Pearson & Lee
Nasal 45.8 (diametral) 1220
Orbital 82.5 Pelletier (do) 1383
Beddoe (peripheral) 1487
Pearson & Lee (do.) 1494
Femora
Right and Left 436, Oblique Length 437
Circumf. of midshaft, Right 92, Left 90
Humeri
Right 325, Left, 320. Circumf. 68 & 64
Ulna 254, Radius 238. Clavicles 154 & 152
Stature by Manouvrier, mean of 2femora 1627=64 inches
mean of 4 bones 1630=64.2 -
= ,, Beddoe, from femora only 1638=64.5 i
This is a masculine skull of fair size and regular form, oval in the norma
verticalis and slightly flattened in the lateral and occipital ones. The subject
was probably in the flower of his age ; all the teeth have erupted, but are
little worn; there isnocaries. The glabella and brow-ridges are prominent,
the orbits square, the nose long, narrow, and aquiline. The skull has been
well pieced, but is imperfect in several points, and the basio-bregmatic
height and maximum length are both rather uncertain. I should put the
probable capacity at 1450. The skull may or may not be “late Celtic.”
DESCRIPTON OF PLATES.
Puate I.
1—2 Two bronze earpicks found with fragments of Samian bowls of
forms 29 and 30 and acoin of Nero ; 4—5ft. deep in ditch at entrance
to rectilinear enclosure.
8 Bronze pin of Roman type. Surface of ditch No. 2.
“4 Bronze brooch, made of one piece of metal, spiral spring, bow flat with
| slight ornament of pounced oblong dots; 4ft. deep, ditch No. 4,
| with bead rim bowl pottery, and a baked clay sling bullet. Length
2in.
VOL. XXXVIII.—NO. CXIX. 4H
98
© OO ~4
10
11
wo WP
CO D> ib
10
*)
Casterley Camp Excavations.
Bronze button, with hank, raised mouldings and central boss. A
practically identical button is figured by Evans, Bronze Implements
(Fig. 499). The type seems to date back to the end of the Bronze
Age, or to the Hallstatt period, but as far as the association of this
one goes it might be Roman; 4ft. deep in ditch No. 1.
Bronze tag found associated with Roman pottery 2ft. deep in burnt
layer at entrance to rectilinear enclosure.
Bronze tweezers, plain ; 2ft. deep, ditch No. 6.
Bronze fragment ; 7ft. deep with bead rim bowl pottery, ditch No. 1.
Piece of ornamental bronze—a necklet? Little collars of bronze are —
clamped on to it at regular intervals giving it a beaded appearance ; —
the space between the collars is engraved with transverse lines. _
Surface trench in irregular enclosure A. ‘
3ronze tweezers, plain and strong; hut site at Ja. ;
Bronze “ viper ” ring, 2—2ft. deep i in burnt layer at entrance to rectili- |
|
4
*
i
near enclosure.
Coiled iron ring, it is much rusted but seems to have terminated in the ©
likeness of an animal’s head. Hut site at Ia. Several similar rings
were found.
Bronze tag ; 3ft. deep, cutting 2, ditch No. 1.
Bone counter with eight-rayed cross scratched on one face. Found in ©
heap of rubbish in praefurnium of T-shaped fire place ; ditch No. 6.
Bone button; bottom of pit No. |.
Similar bone button. Surface trench in irregular enclosure A.
PLATE II.
Iron object, plated with tin, of unknown use. ‘The under side and the
two sections of the bar connecting the terminals are not plated. It
would seem, therefore, to have been intended to show only the
upper surface, and to have had bands or rings of some kind round
these portions of the bar; the plating on the inner edges of the
terminals is more worn than that on the outer edges; lft. deep,
ditch No. 1. Late-Celtic or Roman? A similar object, but in
bronze, was found at Cirencester, and is now in the Corinium—
Museum ; another, also in bronze, in the British Museum, was found ~
at Polden Hill, Somerset, with Late-Celtic remains, and others have
been found in Late-Celtic association. It is thought that they are
connected with horse harness or trappings.
Iron hinge pin brooch ; hut site at Ia.
5, 7,8 Iron cleats for clamping wood or leather; Figs. 3, 5,7, were
found in heap of rubbish in praefurnium of T-shaped fire place ;
Fig. 8 was found together with nine hob nails, and had doubtless
been attached with them to the sole of a boot ; 2ft. deep, ditch No. 5.
Iron chisel ; surface of ditch No. 2.
Tron knife blade ; 4ft. deep in ditch No. 1.
Iron object sagopa a modern horseshoe nail, 2ft. deep in ditch
No. 1; cutting 1.
Iron stylus with fan shaped eraser ; found in burnt layer at entraneal
to rectilinear enclosure.
By Mr. and Mrs. B. H, Cunnington. 99
Prave IIL.
1—6 JIron horse shoes, sinuous edged and thin, with T-shaped nails ;
Fig. 1, 2ft. deep in ditch No. 2; Fig. 4, 2—3ft. deep, ditch No 6;
Fig. 5, 3ft. deep in ditch No. 9; Figs. 2, 3, 6, surface.
We were told by old labourers that they used constantly to plough up
“old spearheads, coins, vandyked horse shoes, and odd pieces of metal” in
the camp ; the horse shoes were sometimes nailed to the barn doors, and
these three (Figs. 2, 3,6) were actually obtained from the barn doors where
they had been hung. ‘The period to which this type of shoe belonged has
been disputed. On the one hand, the type is said to date back to the Late-
Celtic period, and on the other, there is evidence of their use in late Norman
times, and they have recently (1911) been found at Old Sarum. Their
occurrence at Casterley in the silt of ditches, provesthey are here at least
as early as the Roman period, and it is noteworthy that Fig. I. was found
deeper than any other Roman object in ditch No. 2.
7 Tron hob nails. Similar nails were found in the praefurnium in ditch
No. 6, the burnt layer ditch No. 1, ditch No. 5, &.
8 Iron hooks (two were found) to carry hinge of a door ; 2—3ft. deep,
ditch 9: Similar hooks were found by General Pitt-Rivers at
Bokerley, Woodcuts, and Rotherley. (Hzcavations, III., p. 102, Fig.
24),
9 Piece of the blade of a saw with rivet hole for attachment to handle.
A similar saw from Hambledon Hill, Dorset, is in ‘the British
Museum.
10 Iron awls (three were found) ; 3{t. deep, ditch 6.
11 fron flesh fork. Praefurnium in ditch No. 6.
12 Blade of iron shears; hut site at Ia.
13 Iron axe head ; lft. deep, ditch No. 6.
14 [ron punch (two were found). Similar punches were found at New-
stead (Roman Frontier Post, Pl. Ixvi., Fig. 20).
15 Small iron spearhead ; surface of irregular enclosure A.
16 Pin of stout iron wire, one end curled over to form the head. Found
in association with bead-rim pottery at bottom of ditch No. 6.
17 Bronze wire, the ends tapering and twisted round each other, a separate
) spiral twist of bronze wire loosely coiled round it—a necklet? lJLate-
Celtic or Roman? Found in surface trench at back of T-shaped
’ fire place.
a ’ In the Morel Collection in the British Museum there are several
armlets of similarly twisted bronze wire, one having a bead as well
as a coil of wire loosely threaded on it.
18-19 Spindle whorls of pottery ; surface of ditch No. 2.
90 Piece of a rib bone ornamented ; bottom of pit No. 1.
21 Disc of chalk resembling a large spindle whorl, with central hole worn
to an oval, and with a smaller hole on one side of it.; 6ft. deep, ditch
No. 1.
22 Foot of a tripod vessel of pottery ; 5—6ft. deep, ditch No. 1. General
Pitt-Rivers found similar objects. (Hacavations II., 159, Pig. 6).
23,24 Spindle whorls of pottery ; found in praefurnim in ditch No. 6, and
6ft.—7ft. deep in ditch No. 7.
H 2
100 Casterley Camp Excavations.
25,26 Iron objects—a hasp of a lock ? and binding of small casket ? Found —
in burnt layer at entrance to rectilinear enclosure.
27 Iron object of doubtful use ; found in praefurnium in ditch No. 6.
28 Iron object of doubtful use; found in burnt layer at entrance to —
rectilinear enclosure.
29 Iron object of doubtful use found 2ft. deep in ditch No. 2. :
30—35 Iron nails. A large number of iron nails of various shapes and —
sizes were found in the upper strata of the ditches only, and on the
surface. These include mushroom-headed hob-nails (Fig. 7), flat-
headed (Figs. 30, 33, 34), triangular-headed (Fig. 32), and round- —
headed nails (Fig. 31). Fig. 33 has been bent intentionally, and may —
have been used as a key.
36 Iron knife blade ; found on surface of.ditch No. 2.
PLAvE LV.
1 Jar of brown ware, with polished “leathery ” surface. It hassix holes _
drilled through the side after baking. Height 103in., rim diam. |
43in., base 44in. Found in fragments scattered at the bottom of |
ditch No. 2. r
It has been suggested that this vessel, and others that have been —
found with holes in their sides, may have been used as bee-hives. In _
Kashmir and other parts of India earthenware vessels are used as _
such ; they are inserted from the inside of the huts into the walls
made of mud, or of sun-dried bricks—and only the few small holes”
made in the vessels for the bees to pass in and out of are visible from
the outside. It is the only suggestion that seems to explain at all”
the use of holes in this position ‘pasome the sides of vessels.
2 Jar of grey ware (base missing), surface slightly polished ; ornamented
with waved line round the shoulder faintly impressed with a blunt
tool. Height about 10in., rim diam. 5in. Found in fragments
scattered in the bottom of ditch No. 2. a
3—4 “ Bead-rim” bowl of brownish grey ware, surface polished from rim
to shoulder, rough below. ‘here are four holes through the base,
bored after baking. Height 8in, rim diam. 6}in., base 3%in. Found
in fragments scattered in the bottom of ditch No. 2.
A good many of the bases, or fragments of bases found at Casterley
had holes through them. It is said that they served as strainers to
separate honey from the comb. The “beehive pot” (Fig. 1) if
such it is, is interesting therefore as evidence that the inhabitants
were not entirely dependant on wild bees for their honey.
5 “ Bead-rim ” bowl (imperfect) of polished ware, the paste black through-
out and full of particles of white flint. Height, 83in., rim diam. 5in.,
base 43in. Found in fragments in the bottom of ditch No. 2.
It is noticeable that the blackest of the “ bead-rim ” pottery is often
freely mixed with particles of flint, etc., and it seems that the
presence of the grains may make the paste more porous and thus
more readily acted upon by the fuming or dipping process, by
which the ware was rendered black.
By Mr. and Mrs. B. H. Cunnington. 101
“Bead-rim”’ bowl (imperfect) of brownish grey ware, the surface
polished. Height 54in., rim diam., 6in., base 3in. Found scattered
in fragments in the bottom of ditch No. 2.
Bowl of fine grey ware, with flanged overhanging rim. Height 4in.,
rim diam. 10in., base 6in. Found broken among the stones in the
T-shaped fireplace in ditch No. 6.
Part of “Cooking Pot” of coarse hand-made, soft, sandy,ware, reddish-
brown in colour; the surface is striated. Rim diam. about 8in.
Found broken among the bones of one of the skeletons in the
“annex ” part of the big dwelling-pit No. 2.
Part of a bowl of polished brown ware, with a hollow moulding below
the shoulder. Rim diam., 7+in. Found at the bottom of ditch No.6
(below floor of praefurnium). The iron pin (Fig. 16, Pl. III.) and
fragments of red Belgic ware were found with it.
** Bead-rim ” bowl], black polished surface from rim to shoulder, reddish
brown and rough below. Height 54in., rim. diam. 54in.(base missing).
Found in fragments at bottom of ditch No. 2.
Fragment of “ bead-rim” bowl, of light grey ware, with bold cordon, or
moulding round the shoulder.
Part of bowl with straight rim, of soft hand-made pottery. Rim.
diam., about 1lin. Found in fragments at bottom of pit No. I.
PLATE V.
Fragment of a vessel of very fine cream-coloured ware, resembling un-
glazed china, in parts not more than 1/10th of an inch thick. It is
ornamented with a sharply incised feathered zig-zag pattern; the
exterior is coated with a brown colour, and the part without orna-
ment is polished; on the inside it is coated red. The greatest
diameter of the vessel could not have been less than 6in., and
probably it was quite a foot high. Found in fragments scattered at
the bottom of ditch No. 2.
Fragment of a vessel of similar ware and ornamentation, but not quite
so thin; on the inside and on the unornamented part of the outside
it is coated with a bright red colour, the ornamented parts being left
white. Found in scattered pieces in the bottom of ditch No. 2.
Ware of similar quality and ornamentation has been found in graves
of the Early Empire in the Rhineland district in Germany. (See
Gefisskunde in den Rheinlander plates 10—11, Koenen.)
Fragment of fine red “‘ Belgic” ware, with polished surface, ornamented
with lattice pattern formed by sharply incised lines arranged in
groups of three. Found in ditch No. 7, 6ft. deep. This sharply
incised technique, produced by a tool with several teeth (in this case
three) is said to be characteristic of these early Belgic wares. ‘The
chief centre of both the red and black Belgic ware is believed to
have been at Trier, where kilns have been found with black and red
ware in the same kiln, with the same potter’s stamps on both. The
light red ware, sometimes known as “false Samian” lacks the
Casterley Camp Excavations.
lustrous sheen of the true Samian. The polished surface of the
black ware is said to have been produced by steaming in smoke and
polishing, not by a laid-on glaze as the later black Roman wares.
These Belgic wares seem to represent a transition between the —
native local wares and the later provincial Samian, and to be closely
allied in form and ornamentation to the pottery of the native la
Téne culture, but they betray foreign influence, and some of their —
forms are actually Roman. They have been called “Belgic,” be-
cause they were produced in Gallia Belgica; their distribution
seems to have been very limited and they are rarely found in
Britain. The black and the characteristic red wares do not seem to
have been made after 60 A.D. (see Walters “ Ancient Pottery” and
Dragendorf). Several pieces of these wares were found in the lower
strata of ditches Nos. 1, 2, 6, and 7.
4 Fragment of red Belgic ware with plain polished surface. Found in
ditch No. 1, 8ft. deep.
5 Fragment of red Belgic ware with incised lines in groups of four, found
in surface trenching.
Part of a dish with low foot rim of red Belgic ware stamped with
the maker’s name, was found in surface trenching over ditch No. 2. ;
the stamp unfortunately is illegible, but appears to read AI - - SSV.
6—7—8. Fragments of a cream coloured, rather soft ware, ornamented
with hatchings. It all seems to belong to vessels of one form,
ornamented with hatched patterns alternating with plain zones or
bands. The quality of this ware varied from a very fine thin white
ware not more than 1/10th of an inch thick, with hatcbings delicately
executed, to a coarser greyish ware, din. thick, not always perfectly
baked, with hatching roughly executed: A few fragments of fine
red pottery were similarly ornamented. These wares were found in
the lower strata of ditches Nos. 1, 2, 6, 7, and in the bottom of the
outer ditch at D—D.
9 Piece of a moulded rim of white ware ; found in ditch No. 1, 8ft. deep.
10—11 Fragments of two bowls of Samian ware, Form 30; found 4—Sft.
deep in ditch No. 1.
12 Fragment of bowl of Samian ware, Form 29 ; found with Figs. 10—11.
PLATE VI.
1 Part of a vessel of very fine ware, ornamented with “ engine-turned ”
or hatched pattern, alternating with plain polished zones or bands,
The ware is only 1/10 of an inch thick, very fine, and hard
baked, and rings with a sound like that of china. The outer surface
is a pale brown, having been apparently coated with some colouring
material, but the interior and the paste itself isa very pale grey. The
plain zones are highly polished, and there are faint red lines running
round the upper part of the vessel. The,pattern seems to have been
By Mr. and Mrs. B. H. Cunnington. 103
moulded, not incised. When complete the vessel must have stood
from 12in. to 15in. in height. Found in small fragments at the
bottom of ditch No. 1.
2 Base of grey ware with a cross sharply incised upon it, the cross being
_ encircled by lines less sharply incised ; all the lines were drawn before
baking. Diameter about 3in. Found at the bottom of ditch No. 2.
3 Baseof brown ware,with moulded foot-ring, within the ring is the figure
of a cross impressed with a blunt tool before baking. Diameter of
base, 3in. Found within afew feet of Fig. 2 at bottom of ditch No. 2.
4 Fragment of a dish of fine red ware, coated with mica. Ditch No. 6,
5ft. deep.
5 Fragment of a vessel with moulded foot-ring, of black ware ornamented
with lustrous tooled lines drawn round its girth at intervals of about
half-an-inch ; the vessel was pierced after baking with holes in its
side as well as in its base. Found at the bottom of ditch No. 2.
Piare VII.
Types of vessels found in association with “ bead-rim ” bowls.
Not numbered. Vessel of grey ware with slight ornament of incised
lines round shoulder. 4ft, deep in ditch of outer entrenchment at
D—D. Height, 9in. ; rim diam, 43in. ; base, 3in.
Small bowl or cup of grey ware.
Small bowl or cup of grey ware, with cordon.
Flat dish of polished brownish ware.
Cover of black ware.
Ee wpe
Puate VILLI.
1 Jron hammerhead, in excellent preservation. Length, 5in. Found
with ashes and pieces of iron slag at bottom of ditch No. 8a withina
few feet of the end of the ditch.
2 Small narrowiron spear-head, with strong midrib. Length, 44in. Found
in surface trenching.
1—15 Sections of flanged rims.
16—27 Sections of bead-rims.
28—30 Sections of flat dishes.
31—32 Sections of flat dishes of black Belgic or “terra nigra” ware ; the
ware is very fine, of a pale grey colour with black highly-polished
surface. (See note to Fig. 3, Pl. V.) Found at bottom of ditches
Nos. 1 and 2.
PLATE IX.
1 Bronze brooch, spiral spring, bow flat with slight notches engraved on
its edges; the bow spring and pin was originally all in one piece but
the spring had been broken and as a repair the pin was hinged on to
an iron rivet passed through the coils of the spring. Length 2in.
Found 18in. deep in ditch No. 8.
2 Bronze brooch, hinge pin, T-shaped head ; very solid, and appears to
have been silvered. Length 2in. Found 2ft. deep at lower angle of
ditch No. 11.
104 Casterley Camp Excavations.
3 Pin and coiled spring of a bronze brooch, bow missing, Length 3in. ;
Found 4ft. deep in ditch No. 8, in the same cutting as Figs. 4 and 5. —
4 Iron brooch, pin missing ; bow, coils of spring, and pin originally all
one piece of metal ; bow plain and slightly flattened. Length, 3in.
Found 4ft. deep in ditch No. 8., in the same cutting as Figs. 3and 5.
5 Small bronze ring. Found 3ft. deep in ditch No. 8, in the same cut-
ting as Figs. 3 and 4.
6 Bronze octagonal finger ring. Found 2ft. deep in ditch No. 10.
7 Perforated tooth. Surface trenching.
8 Small iron sickle-shaped key, handle end broken off. Found 6ft. deep
in ditch No. 11.
9 Iron object, probably an ox-goad with the point missing; Fig. 10
shows a similar object with point intact found on the site ofa
“ British Village” near Knook Castle. Pitt-Riversillustrates some-
what similar “ox-goads” found at Rotherley, Woodcuts, and Wood-
yates (Hacavations I., 90; Il, 1836—7; III., 187). Found in ditch
No. 8, depth uncertain.
11 Tanged iron knife blade. Length, 2Zin. Surface trenching.
12—13 Twoironawls? J.engths 2Zin. and 4in. Found 6ft. deep in ditch
No. 11.
PLATE X.
Sketch key plan of Casterley Camp with contour lines. The letters refer
to sections, &c., on Pl. XII.
Enlarged plan of inner works as shown on key plan. The Roman
numerals refer to sections, &c., on Pl. XIII.
PuaTE XI.
General site plan.
Puate XII.
Sections through outer rampart and ditch as shown by letters on
sketch key plan, Pl. X.
Detail and sections of southern entrance at G on sketch key plan.
PLate XIII.
Sections through ditches of inner works as shown by Roman numerals on
enlarged plan, Pl]. X.
Plan of entrance to rectilinear enclosure with sections.
Puare XLV.
Plan and sections of the pit-dwelling (Pit 2) found in the enclosure “A.”
Plan and section showing junction of ditch 6 and outer ditches at the
point marked “ B” on sketch key plan, Pl. X.
Plan and section of T-shaped fireplace found at the side of ditch 6.
PLATE XV.
Plan and sections of the sunken road forming the western entrance to
the Camp.
By Mr. and Mrs. B. H Cunnington. 105
In addition to those illustrated the following objects were found :—
Six sling bullets—one of chalk in Pit 1; one with the bronze brooch,
fig. 4, Pl. I. ; one in the bottom of ditch No.1 in the cutting at the
entrance ; and two and a piece of one in bottom of ditch No. 2:
all these latter of baked clay.
Three loom weights of chalk—one in pit 2; one (broken) forming part
of the rough paving over section X, ditch No. 6; one, broken, “ft:
deep in ditch No. 1; one of baked clay, triangular shaped, found in
fragments 8ft. deep in ditch No. 1.
Several spindle whorls and pieces of whorls, of chalk and of pottery.
Several pieces of querns (all of the flat type) and of mealing stones, or
saddle querns, of millstone grit and of sarsen stone; one whole
saddle quern was used in the rough paving over ditch 6 at section X.
All the rest from surface trenching, or superficial layers of the ditches,
with the exception of two pieces of querns found in the T-shaped
fireplace in ditch No. 6.
Three beads of blue glass, all found in surface trenching.
Various small fragments of glass vessels, in surface trenching.
Part of rim of a vessel of Kimmeridge shale, surface trenching.
Tron slag and scorie, surface trenching and in ditch No. 8a.
A number of pottery discs or roundels. These may have been used as
pot covers; similar objects have been found serving as such at
Caerwent'and elsewhere; the smaller roundels may have been used
as counters in games.
Eight hones, or sharpening stones, surface or superficial layers only.
Hammerstones of flint and sarsen ; various pebbles showing signs of use.
Fragments of concrete flooring in the burnt stratum at the junction of
ditches 1 and 7; fragments of wall daub ?
Fragments of tiles of baked clay and of sandstone ; pieces of brick, and
one tessera of baked clay on the surface in the rectillinear enclosure.
Pieces of a human skull, 2ft. deep in ditch No. 7, and in the outer ditch
at the northern entrance at K (see key plan). The bones of an
infant, 5ft. deep in section XI., in ditch No. 7.
Oyster shells were constantly turned up in surface trenching and in the
upper strata of the ditches; the deepest find of oyster shells was
from 4ft. to 5ft. deep in ditch No.1. A few mussel and cockle shells
were found in the fire-hole in ditch No. 6 and on the hut site in the
rectilinear enclosure, and two whelk shells on the surface of ditch
No 2.
[Mrs.] M. E. Cunnineron.
106.
NOTES.
Dinosaurian Spine from Swindon. In November, 1905,
workmen splitting up the higher beds of Portland Rock on the extreme
south-western corner of Swindon Hill, by a lucky chance broke a large
slab in such a way that the enclosed fossil fell out uninjured. On ex-
amination it proved to be a caudal spine, one of a pair from some large
reptile.
It is highly cellular in texture, much like the horn core of a modern
ruminant, but in proportion to its length of much stronger build.
It measures 7in. in length, while the articulating surface is 5in. across.
When clothed in its horny sheath it would, of course, have been con-
siderably longer.
It was seen later by Dr. A. Smith-Woodward, F.R.S., and the late
Prof. Seeley, F.R.S., who agreed in the opinion that it belongs to an
unknown Dinosaur, traces of which have been found at Aylesbury.
A cast of this specimen has been placed in the Society’s Museum at
Devizes.
The original is in my collection. A. D. PAssMORE.
Interment near Old Shepherd’s Shore. In November,
1912, we were told by a shepherd that men digging chalk on the down
near Old Shepherd’s Shore (at a spot not far from the barrow marked
“f” on the Rey. A. C. Smith’s “‘ Map,” B. VII.) had come upon a burial.
On going to the place we found the bones of a skeleton broken up and
lying on the bank where they had been thrown by the men. The re-
mains of the cist, or grave in which they had lain could still be seen on
the face of the diggings; fortunately the useful chalk had run out in
that direction and that part of the quarry had been left undisturbed
since the discovery of the burial. The grave was only about 18in. deep
under the turf, and some 3ft. in length, so it would appear that the
skeleton must have lain in a contracted position. There was no ap-
pearance that there had ever been a barrow over it.
Among the loose soil that had come from the cist we found a pointed
bone implement (Fig 3 on plate, p. 110), and lying with the bones were
two rough worn hammerstones of sarsen that the shepherd said had been
found with the bones. The bones unfortunately had been broken and
scattered and were too incomplete to admit of measurement. The bone
implement, the hammerstones, and part of the skull and lower jaw have
been placed in the Museum. [Mrs.] M. E. Cunnineton.
Coin of Alexander the Great found at Tilshead.
A small silver coin of Alexander the Great, described by the authorities
of the British Museum thus :—
Ob. Head of Heracles in lion skin,
Rev. Zeus seated holding eagle,
was dug up in an allotment at Tilshead some little time ago. It has
Notes. 107
been given to the Society's Museum. Mr. W. J. Andrew, F.S.A.,
writes with regard to it :—‘ Coins of Alexander the Great are not in-
frequently found in this country. Although called coins of Alexander
the Great the type in question was struck after his death, in memory
of him and had a long and prolific issue.” The British Museum
authorities put the date at czrca 300 B.C. Mr. Andrew mentions an
example found in Surrey, and I know of another found in the Isle of
Wight about twenty yearsago. No doubt their presence is due to trade
with Gaul in Pre-Roman times. [Mrs.] M. E. CunnineTon.
Black Redstart in Wilts. The Rev. T. J. Woodall, Vicar. of
Britford, writing on December 3rd, 1912, says :—‘“‘ I saw on November
6th, on the old Shaftesbury road, a Black Redstart. I have never
before seen onein England, but have watched them closely in Bavaria.
I was within 5 yards of it, and it is a particularly striking bird and
catches your attention at once, so there can be no mistake.”
The Rev. A.C. Smith in his Birds of Wiltshire records only two
instances of the occurrence of this bird (Phenicura titys) in Wilts.
The Old Wiltshire Horned Sheep. The head of a large
ram, with Roman noseand very large and heavy curling horns, which has
hung for many years past on the wall of the Natural History Room at
the Museum, unfortunately without any label, has now been taken
down and placed in a glass case for more careful preservation. It is
believecl that this is the head mentioned in Wilts Arch. Mag., I. 63, as
exhibited in the temporary museum at the first meeting of the society
at Devizes, October 12th, 1853, “By Mr. G. Brown, Avebury—Pre-
served Head of the Old Wiltshire Horned Sheep, bred by the late Mr.
John Nalder, of Berwick Bassett.” Probably even at that date the
breed was extinct, and it is doubtful whether any other head is at
present in existence. It is therefore well to call attention to the
presence of this example at Devizes. From the MS. “Gift Book” at
the Museum it appears that Mr. Brown gave this head and also another
pair of horns in 1874. As there are no other heads or horns at the
Museum to which this entry could refer it seems certain that the head
now placed in a case, and the skull and horns still at the Museum are
the specimens referred to in 1853 and 1874. The breed was quite distinct
from any of the existing breeds of sheep. E. H. Gopparp.
Drawings of Lacock and Malmesbury by Carter.
The Rey. W. G. Clark Maxwell writing June 25th, 1912, says: “‘ I saw
yesterday in Ludlow a book of great interest to Wilts, a large folio
volume of original washed drawings by John Carter, of Malmesbury
and Lacock, in 1801, executed for Sir R. C. Hoare, who has appended
a note to that effect and that it cost him £189 odd, so I suppose it
came from Stourhead. It belonged to a Mr. Sykes recently deceased,
and is to be sold next month, I believe at Puttick & Simpson’s. Some
of the drawings of Lacock have been reproduced (including a plan) in
Bowles and Nicholls, but not all.”
108 Notes.
Skull found at Longleat. Mr. H. St. G. Gray, of Taunton
Museum, wrote, on Oct. 2nd, 1912, that a fragment of a skull had been
found at Longleat during some repairs. Lord Bath, writing Sept. 30th,
described the spot thus :—“ The cranium was found about 6ft. below
the surface, just outside the house, when repairing aculvert. The
culvert has now been closed up, and is above the place where the cranium
was found. I am told that there was nothing else found.” There seems
no evidence as to the date of the skull fragment.
Dwelling Pits on Winterbourne Monkton Down.
At the end of December, 1912, a large rectangular excavation for a
reservoir 42ft. x 21ft. was made on the slope of Monkton Down, and
two “ Dwelling Pits ” were cut through, one on each of the longer sides
of the reservoir. Unfortunately nothing was known of the work until
it had been completed, when Mr. and Mrs. Cunnington visited the spot
and secured the pottery fragments, &c., for the Museum. From their
notes and from notes and sketches made by the Rev. H. G. O. Kendall,
F.S.A., these particulars are compiled. The pit 3ft. from S.W. corner
of the reservoir was almost cut away. It was apparently about 4ft. 6in-
Section through Dwelling Pit on Winterbourne Monktou Down.
deep with a diameter of about 3ft. 6ins. Of the other pit 10ft. 6ins.
from N.E. corner, rather more than half remained. It was about
5ft. 5in. in depth from the surface, the upper 2ft. being humus, and the
‘UMOG UOJYUOT\ IUIMOGIIZUT AA
uo yd SuljeMp Ut
punoj sjossoA,
1. Bronze buckle, 12th century, Beckhampton. 2. Bronze object,
portion of chape of sword, late Celtic, Beckhampton. 3. Bone
implement found with interment near Old Shepherd’s
Shore. 4. Portion of small crucible from dwelling
' pits, Winterbourne Monkton. 5. Bone implement from same
pits. 6. Roman iron key, Beckhampton. 2
Notes. 109
lower 3ft. 5ins. solid chalk in which the pit was cut, widening out at
the bottom, the diameter at the upper edge of the chalk being 3ft. and
that on the more or less flat floor, 3ft. 9ins. The pits were apparently
carefully dug, and one of them the men said had a ring of stones round
the top “like round the top of a well.” Mrs. Cunnington writes “ the
flat bone implement 3ins. in length (No.5 on Plate) seems to have been
found in the same pit as the crucible and the two restored pots
(illustrated). The most perfect of these pots is 94ins. high, the diameter
at the rim being 83in., and at the base 52in. The other has no actual
rim left, but as it now stands is 102in high, and the diameter of the -
base is Gins. The paste of the first was mixed with fossil shell ; the
second was sooty on the inside. They are both imperfectly baked, the
paste being black in the interior part, and dull red outside. There
were in the pits other fragments of similar ware, bones of animals
(pig, sheep, and ox), flint flakes, and two scrapers, all very fresh and
sharp to the touch, a disc of chalk roughly circular with nearly flat top
and bottom 24in. to 23in. in diameter and 13in. thick. It has no per-
foration and weighs 740zs. There wasa considerable quantity of wood
ashes amongst the dark soil filling the pits. One of the men had dug
for Mr. Gray, at Avebury, and had some idea that the things might be
of some value, so he took them home with him and kept them until we
bought them from him, otherwise no doubt they would ail have been
lost. There was amongst the pottery one piece of a Romano-British
mortarium with grains of grit. In all probability this came from the
surface and not really from the pit. ‘There is quite a lot of Roman
pottery on the surface about the spot.”
The most interesting find was the half of a small earthenware crucible
(No. 4 on Plate) for melting bronze, found in the same pit with the two
“Cooking Pots” here illustrated, which have been so carefully restored
from a great number of fragments by Mrs. Cunnington. When perfect
this crucible was of triangular shape with a lip at each corner. It still
Section through terrace below the reservoir on Winterbourne
Monkton Down.
retains a stain of bronze on the edge. It measures now 2in. in height
by 24in. in width. A considerable number of similar.small crucibles
were found in the Glastonbury Lake Village, and are fully described
and illustrated in the very interesting chapter on this subject by Mr.
H. St. G. Gray in Zhe Glastonbury Lake Village,vol. I., p. 300—309, in
which a list is given of crucibles found elsewhere. Most of these are
110 Notes.
of the Late Celtic period, to which also no doubt the Monkton Pits
belonged. Gen. Pitt-Rivers found a single example in each of the
Romano-British Villages of Rotherley and Woodcuts.
Mr. Kendall notes that in the trench from the reservoir down the
hill, animal bones and bits of pottery showed in two places, and the
workmen said that two Roman coins had been found at one spot where
pottery fragments were visible. Just over the first fence below the
reservoir is a terrace, of which a section is here given, showing about
8in. of deep brown humus, 6in. to 2ft. of pale soil (chalk and soil
mixed 7), and in the line marked x blue or bluish-white flint flakes, &c.
In other places below the humus is a reddish slightly clayey soil with
naturally-broken blue flints. In one place a large sarsen lay in a pit of
the reddish soil. Mr. Kendall believes that some of the sarsens in the
bottom of the valley have been arranged in two parallelrows. He also
writes: ““On the spur of the hill they have found 12ft. (it may prove
to be more) of sand in a fault (?) in the chalk, 4ft. wide or more, with
big chalk lumps and natural flints in the sand. The Director of the
Geological Museum,’ Jermyn Street, admits that if the sand in the
chalk fault (?) be Eocene it would mean that the escarpment was
formed in pre-Eocene times. He does not, however, think this likely.
“On the other hand,’ he says, “the possibility of the sand being
Pliocene must be borne in mind.” Nothing has been found to prove
the age of the sand, but it has the appearance to my eye of being the
game material as that of which many of the sarsens are formed.”
Mr. Edgar Barclay’s Paintings of Stonehenge. The
late Mr. Edgar Barclay, author of the well-known book, Stonehenge and
its Earthworks, published in 1895, an artist of no small capacity,
painted in the years 1890—91 a series of oil paintings, twenty-seven in
number, of Stonehenge and its surroundings. ‘This collection of
framed pictures was most generously offered as a gift to our Society,
after his death, by his sister, Mrs. Florence Belt Irving, “‘ on condition
that the collection be exhibited complete at the Museum Library.”
Unfortunately want of wall space at the Museum made it impossible
for the Society to accept this interesting and valuable gift, and the
Hon. Secretary whilst expressing his regret to Mrs. Belt Irving
ventured to suggest to her that the Corporation of Salisbury would
doubtless be only too glad to find space for the pictures in the new
Picture Gallery recently added to the Public Library by the munificence
of the late Mr. Young. Mrs. Belt Irving thereupon offered the
collection to the Corporation, and this valuable series of paintings
thus finds a permanent home in Wiltshire.
The Rev. A. P. Morres’ Collection of Birds. On
June 27th, 1913, Messrs. Waters & Rawlence sold by auction at Salis-
bury the collection of birds formed by the late Rev. A. P. Morres,
Vicar of Britford, 1868—94, and chaplain of St. Nicholas Hospital,
1894—1900 (cf. W.A.M., xxxi., 245). After his death his collection was
purchased by the late Mr. Harcourt Coates, by whose widow it has now
No.
Notes. 111
been sold again. There were some thirty-seven cases containing Wilt-
shire specimens, including Dunlin, Merlin, Montagu’s Harrier, Hooded
Crow, Spotted Crake, Tufted Duck, Golden Eye, Brambling, Sclavo-
nian Grebe, Ring Ouzel, Tree Sparrow, Sandpiper, Pochard, Great
Grey Shrike, Quail, Golden Plover, Short-eared Owl, and Crossbill.
The whole collection was purchased in one lot for £125 by Mr. E. B.
Maton, of Enford, who intends to build a special room to contain it.
Objects recently found and here illustrated.
1, Bronze buckle obtained from a labourer who found it near Beck-
hampton recently. It is heavily and solidly made. The bar to which
the pin is attached is held in the mouths of two rude animals’ heads,
the pin itself being ornamented in the same way, the point projecting
like a tongue from a similarhead. The point of the pin fits into a small
slot in the ring, and there is a solid projection here of 4-inch in length,
beyond the ring. The buckle measures 1Zin. both ways. I have not
been able to find a similar example. It appears to be Norman of the
12th century. ‘This opinion has been confirmed by Mr. Reginald Smith,
F.S.A., of the British Museum. Presented to the Society’s Museum
by Mr. and Mrs. Cunnington.
. 2, Bronze object found casually near Beck Nanipeont It measures
ligin. X 4in. It is evidently an ornament and apparently of Late
Celtic date, but for what purpose? It is an entire object showing no
sign of break, except in one of the openwork divisions\in the centre.
At first sight it suggests something in the way of a chape attachment
to a Late Celtic Sword,.but the engraved ornament on the semi-circular
portion is only on one side, and the other is perfectly flat, showing that
only the upper side was intended to be seen, as is proved also by
the socket at the end of the projection evidently intended to contain
a setting, propably of coral or enamel. This like the engraved lines
only exists ononeside. Itis clear that it was intended to fit on to the
side of some rounded object, as the inner edge is groved and fits a
slender pencil or penholder. It must have been tied in place by a
fastening round the projecting arm. There seems to be nothing quite
like it elsewhere, so far as I have been able to discover. It has been
submitted to Mr. Reginald Smith, F.S.A., who writes that it ‘‘ may very
well be half a Chape of a somewhat sophisticated type, say of the early
Ist century. The evolution of the Chape seems to be clear and the last
stage is probably that at which the wings are affixed to the bronze
binding of the sheath instead of being the comtinuation of the point
turned back on itself. The dagger sheath was normally made to be
seen from one side only.” Presented to the Society’s Museum by Mr.
and Mrs. Cunnington.
.3. Implement of pointed bone found with a skeleton near Old Shep-
herd’s shore, 1912. Given to the Museum by Mr. and Mrs. Cunnington,
(see page 106).
. 6. Roman iron key with wards of somewhat unusual shape, and flat
handle with ring for suspension. Length, 47in. Found near Beck-
hampton. Given to the Museum by Mr. and Mrs. Cunnington.
{Nos. 4 and 5 are described in the note on the Dwelling Pit at
Winterbourne Monkton. ]} E. H. Gopparp.
112 Notes.
The Marlborough Castle Mound. It may or may not be
generally known among archeologists that; since this historic monu-
ment, second only in interest among its kind to Silbury Hill, passed
just seventy years ago into the possession of the Council of Marl-
borough College, it has been made to serve the purpose of a water-
tower. In the course of alterations made during the summer of 1912,
it was found necessary to remove a portion of the base of the mound
on the west side and excavate an inclined channel, some six or seven
feet deep, from the base to the summit. It would serve no purpose
to comment here upon these and similar acts of vandalism.
Corporations, we are frequently reminded, have no consciences, and the
mound has endured other indignities in its day. We must confine
ourselves to a very brief statement of the archeological results of these
operations so far as untrained observers could note them.
The digging at the base revealed the original ground level. The
slope of this dipped gently from the north to south in accordance with
the general slope of the Kennet Valley at this spot. Amn area, extend-
ing at its widest some fourteen feet into the mound, was cleared, and
a thin layer of black substance, proved by subsequent analysis to be
charcoal, was found to cover the alluvial surface. This in turn was
covered by another layer of reddish clay, containing a few broken
flints, showing surface exposure, and some tertiary flint gravel pebbles.
Each of these two deposits averaged half an inch in thickness, with a
tendency, most clearly marked in the charcoal, to deepen towards the
interior of the mound, It seems probable, though further excavation
would be necessary to test the assumption, that these strata of
charcoal and clay cover the whole area of the mound, intervening
between the old ground level and the chalk of which the pile consists.
The interpretation, however, seems by no means clear.
Nothing else of moment turned up at this level, but the further
operations disclosed something equally, if not more, interesting. Some
six fragments of red-deer antler were found together, about half-way
up the mound and several feet below the present surface mould. —
Three of these fragments consist of the burr and broken brow-tine, —
and two others seem to be consecutive portions of the beam of the
antler to which one of the brow-tines belonged. The largest fragment |
measured 246 millimetres (about 94 inches) in circumference just above
the burr. It seemed to the last degree unlikely that the fragments, —
which were thoroughly impregnated with chalk, could have been buried ~
in that position at any date subsequent to the erection’ of the mound,
and it is thought that their discovery may possibly throw some light
on the question of the date of that work.
The various finds, including some of less importance which need not
be detailed here, are now in the College Museum. A fuller account,
with a tentative discussion of their value, will be found in the Report
of the Marlborough College Natural History Society for the year 1917.
H. C. BRENTNALL.
Notes. 113
Roman Sculpture recently found at Nettleton Scrub.
“On the occasion of the/visit of the Bath Branch to Castle Combe in
September the members were invited to the Manor by Sir John Gorst
to inspect some carved masonry recently discovered on his estate.
Miss Eva Gorst explained to the members that whilst quarrying for
stone close to the I'osse Way at Nettleton Scrub, situated about a mile
and a half from the Manor House (Castle Combe), what appeared to
be the foundation wall of a building was uncovered, and the fragments
of sculpture they were now looking at probably formed part of the wall.
The sculpture, which was fragmentary owing to its being broken by
roots of trees getting into the stone, consisted of a dog’s head with
collar round the neck, probably representing a greyhound, parts of the
legs and paws, also some portions of drapery, probably belonging to
the statue of a Roman deity. Owing to pressure of time we were
unable to examine the masonry closely, but a week later I paid another
visit to the Manor in order to take photographs and measurements.
The stonework measured 23ft. long x 14ft. high and 1ft. thick.
? Miss Gorst had kindly made arrangements for me to visit the site at
Nettleton Scrub with the workman who actually discovered and re-
moved the masonry. He informed me during our walk there that a
lime-kiln had been erected on the spot, and that it was quite by accident
that the old foundations, together with what appeared to be the rough
pennant floor of a building, were brought to light. He also mentioned
that fragments of pottery, tiles, and bones, and a fine iron door key,
VOL. XXXVIII.—NO. CXIX. I
114 Notes. 4
which is now preserved at the Manor, and which was shown to me,
were thrown up during digging operations for thefoundations of thelime- _
kiln. On arrival at the site, which was situated in a very picturesque _
sheltered valley with a trout stream running through it, and barely a
hundred yards from the Fosse Way, the exact spot was pointed out
where the sculptured stone was found built into the foundation wall.
Unfortunately only the north side of this wall remains, as the south side
has been destroyed by the new brick wall of the lime-kiln. The
workman informed me that the rough pennant flooring occupied the
exact area of the lime-kiln. I found strewn among the débris round
the site portions of grey pottery, pennant slabs, red tiles, and fused
glass, which formed strong proof that a building of Roman origin
formerly existed on this spot.”
This note by Mr. Gerald J. Grey, of Bath, is reprinted from Proc.
of the Bath and District Branch of the Somerset Arch. and Nat. Hist.
Soc., 1912, pp. 177—179. It was also printed in Report on the Lansdown
Explorations and Discoveries in Bath and Vicinity, 1912, pp. 132—134. —
Dr. Thomas Ashby, writing to Mr. Grey from the British School in
‘Rome, Jan. 20th, 1913, says: “‘ Mrs. Story tells me that the relief is
probably of a fairly early period (Augustine to Flavian) and represents
a goddess, probably Artemis, with herdog. The latter certainly shows
Roman characteristics. If the other pieces could be found it would be
most interesting, good reliefs are none too common in Britain.”
We are indebted to the Somerset Society for the loan of the block
illustrating the sculpture.
Lizard Orchis (0. hircina). For the third time within the last few —
years this rare plant has appeared in Wiltshire, this time near Winter-
bourne Bassett, where it was found by the Rev. H. G. O. Kendall in
June, 1913, and was not picked but left to seed. It was only a single —
plant. For previous occurences c.f. W.A.I1., xxxv., 318, 508. |
E. H. Gopparp.
Ring Ouzel (Zurdus torquatus). This bird of the moor and the |
mountain is only occasionally seen in Wiltshire. A specimen was —
shot at Clyffe Pypard on March 16th, 1918, under the impression that |
it was a Pied Blackbird. The bird was secured for the Museum, but
was unfortunately destroyed accidentally before it could be stuffed.
E. H. Gopparp.
Hindon Token (unpublished). Mr. George Watts, of Bur-
combe, has recentlygiven to the Museuma 17thcentury Halfpenny Token
which appears to be undescribed by Williamson, who gives no tokens
of any place named Hindon,
THOMAS * SHERGOLD = (Device not decipherable).
- OF - HINDON : 1669 =TS in monogram.
Presumably as this token comes from 8. Wilts it belongs to the Wiltshire .
Hindon.
Notes. 115
Bronze Implements found in barrows at Amesbury,
: 1770. I am indebted to Mr. O. G. S. Crawford, F.S.A., for the
following notice of the contents of two barrows at Amesbury, which
are apparently quite unknown to writers on Wiltshire antiquities. Mr.
Crawtord writes on June 29th, 1913: ‘‘ I am sending you the enclosed
tracings, which may be of interest to you. I found the originals from
which they are copied in Gough’s copy of Horsley’s “ Brit. Romana,”
now in the Bodleian. They are drawn upon a piece of note paper
(presumably by Gough), which is tacked into the volume. The reference
No. is Gough Gen. Top., 128. They are said to have been found.in
1770. I have not ever come across any mention of them and fancy the
find must be hitherto unknown.”
The drawings, which are apparently of the full size of the objects,
show a fine bronze dagger, which has apparently had two large rivets,
one of which has been broken away, whilst the other is shown in the
drawing. The blade is more or less leaf-shaped and has parallel en-
graved lines, and is apparently of the type of the finer, thicker, and
stronger daggers of which several are in the Stourhead Collection from
the barrows in the neighbourhood. It is 83in. in length, and if one
corner of the handle end had not been broken away, it would be about
94in. broad at that point. Accompanying this blade is a long straight
pin with a curious head, which may be meant for a crutch head such
as those of two or three others in the Stourhead Collection, somewhat
bent out of shape, or possibly, part of a ring head. Its total length
is 54in. It is called “Brass pin.” As to the dagger blade it is noted
“the rivet but half an inch,’ and below the two drawings is written :
“This and the pin with ashes in the large barrow.”
The other drawing is apparently less carefully done. It shows a
roughly straight-sided pointed bronze blade 4$in. long, by 12in. broad
at the butt end, with two rivets. No markings are shown on the blade
beyond the mark of the handle across the butt end, and the blade is
presumably plain and flat. Underneath is written: “Found in the
lesser of the two barrows in that part of Old Ambresbury called
Vespasian’s Camp.”
This seems clearly to imply that both the above-mentioned barrows
were within Vespasian’s Camp. Hoare, in his map of the barrows
round Stonehenge shows none within the camp. He shows two close
together (Nos. 126, 127), which he did not open, just N.E. of the
northern point of the camp, but it does not seem likely that these can
be the barrows in question.
Mr. Crawford’s discovery is an interesting one, and the tracings, which
he has so kindly sent, have been placed for preservation and reference
amongst the Society’s drawings and prints.
- Mr. Crawford also calls attention toa bronze implement not recorded
in the List of Wiltshire Bronzes (W.A. J, xxxvii,, 117—158), a “ winged
Celt” found on Sidbury Hill. Proce. Soc. Ant. Lond., 2nd Ser., [X., 227.
E. H. Gopparp.
i 2
“s|
116
WiLLES: SOBUMU ARN:
Lt.-Col. David Archer, of Lushill House, died November, 1912,
aged 76. Buried at Castle Eaton. Born 1836, s. of John Archer, of
Lushill, joined the 62nd or Wiltshire Regiment, at 17. On leaving the
army he joined the Wiltshire Militia, retiring in 1879 with the rank of
Lt.-Colonel. He married, first, Sept. 21st, 1865, Margaret d. of John
Ormrod, of Ralliwell Lodge, Lancs., by whom he had one son,
who was drowned at the age of 18. He married, secondly, 1899, Maud,
d. of Edward Hanbury, formerly of Eastrop Grange, Highworth. On
the death of his uncle, David Archer, in 1895, he inherited the Kingsdown
House property, and in 1898, on the death of his father, the Castle
Eaton estate, of which he farmed 1500 acres. As J.P. for Wilts and
Gloucestershire he was for some years chairman of the Cricklade and
Fairford benches. He was also for some years a member of the Wilts
County Council. He was a strong Unionist and churchman, and last —
year added a chancel to Upper Stratton Church. His nephew, Capt.
A. T. 8. Alderson, Royal Artillery, succeeds him in the estates. The
funeral was largely attended, the coffin being conveyed on one of the
estate waggons, attended by men in smock frocks.
Obit. notice, Wilts and Gloucester Standard, reprinted in Wiltshire
Gazette, Nov. 28th, 1912.
Canon Henry Rudge Hayward, died at Bournemouth Dec. 7th,
1912, aged 81. Fellow of Pemb. Coll., Oxon, B.A., 1853; M.A., 1856. —
Deacon 1855, priest 1856 (Oxon). Curate of Lamborne (Berks), 1855— 62;
Great Marlow, 1862—64; Rector of Lydiard Millicent, 1864—81 ; Vicar
of Cirencester, 1881—1908; Proctor in Convocation, 1873—83; Arch-
deacon of Cirencester, 1882—1908; Residentiary Canon of Gloucester, —
1898 until his death. He married, 1864, Isabella Elizabeth, d. of Rey, |
E. H. Bucknall-Estcourt, Rector of Eckington (Derby).
Sir Charles Henry Stuart Rich, F.S.A., fourth barcnet |
of Shirley (Hants), died January 2nd, 1912. Buried at Holy Trinity |
Churchyard, Calne. Born March 7th, 1859, eldest s. of third baronet, —
Sir Charles Henry John and Harriet Theodosia, d. and coheir of John |
Stuart Sullivan. Succeeded to the baronetey when 7 years old. Edu- |
cated at Harrow and Jesus Coll., Camb. Married, 1881, Fanny, d. of
Rev. Joseph Page, of Little Bromley, Essex. J.P. for Wilts, 1904. The |
baronetcy dates from 1791, and now passes to Almeric Edmund Frederie |
Rich, his cousin, the grandson of the second baronet. Sir Charles
bought Devizes Castle from the late Mr. Leach, who built the existing
castellated house on the site of the Castle. Sir Charles spent much
money on alterations to the house, but only lived there for the last nine |
years. He leaves a widow and one daughter. He was the founder |
of the “Standing Council of the Baronetage.’ He took no part in
public matters or in the life of Devizes.
Obit. notice, Wiltshire Gazette, Jan. 2nd, 1913.
7
Wilts Olituary. JA
“George Christopher Tayler, M.D., of Lovemead House,
Trowbridge, died November 23rd, 1912, aged 67. Buried at Trowbridge
Cemetery. Born at Trowbridge, Son of Christopher Tayler, M.D.,
M.B.C.S., 1866; M.D.,1871. He lived and practised in the Trowbridge
neighbourhood all his life. A most earnest Churchman, for thirty-two
years he was churchwarden of St. Thomas’ Church, of which he was
the most generous supporter. His charity and kindness to the poor
were great. “Dr. Tayler was an exceedingly good man who did good
work in the town without anybody knowing it.” ‘A man who was
honoured and highly respected by everybody in the town.” “ Trow-
bridge and the neighbourhood mourns a good man dead.” ‘‘ There was
no one who had done so mnch quiet good in the town as Dr. Tayler.”
He married first Miss Clark, and secondly Miss Rodway, both of well-
known Trowbridge families.
Long obit. notices and appreciations, Wiltshire Gazette, Nov. 28th ;
Wiltshire Times, Nov. 30th ; portrait, Weltshire News, Nov. 30th, 1912.
Francis Hobson, died Jan. 1st,1913. Buriedat Sheffield. Hecame
to Trowbridge from Sheffield in 1900 and purchased ‘‘ Prospect,” a
house on the Hilperton Road, where he lived until his death. He was
a very generous supporter of all charitable institutions connected with
Trowbridge, and was a prominent and diligent member of committee
of the Nursing Association, the Cottage Hospital, and Winsley Sana-
torium. To the latter he gave £250 two years ago. A Conservative
and Churchman of the Evangelical School, he had been churchwarden
of the Parish Church since 1911, and gave £1000 for the augmentation
of the living, and bore the expense of the restoration of the north
porch and parvise some years ago. He leaves a widow and two
daughters.
Obit. notice, Wiltshire Gazette, Jan. 2nd; Wiltshire Times, Jan, 4th,
1913.
Rev. John Henry Ellis, died Nov. 21st, 1912, aged 72. Trin.
Coll., Camb., B.A. (Sen. Opt.), 1862; M.A., 1865; Deacon, 1863;
Priest, 1864 (Cant.). Curate of Lyminge (Kent), 1863—65 ; Leyton,
Essex, 1866 ; Vicar of Brill (Bucks), 1866—73 ; Rector of Stourton,
(Wilts), 1874—87; when he resigned and retired to live in London.
He left by his will £10,000 each to the Bp. of London’s Fund, the Bp.
of St. Albans’ Fund, and the East London Church Fund, and the
residue of his property (not less than £90,000), subject to his wife’s
life interest, to Cambridge University, ‘‘to be enjoyed and applied
both out of capital and income by them for the general purposes of
the University, in such manner as they may think fit.” He was a life
member of the Wilts Arch. Soc.
Canon George Charles Bell, died Jan. 6th, 1913, aged 80.
Buried at Preshute. Born at Streatham, July, 1882, s. of George Bell,
Shipowner and banker. Educated Christ’s Hospital, scholar Line.
118
Rt
. Hon. Horatio, Srd Earl Nelson, died at Trafalgar, Feb. —
Wilts Obituary.
Coll., Oxon, 1851 ; Foundation Scholar, Worc. Coll., Oxon, 1852 ; 1st
Class Mods., 1852 ; Zt. Hum., 1854; Math., 1855; Senior University
Math. Scholar and Fellow of Wore. Coll., 1857. B.A., 1855 ; M.A.,
1857 ; Deacon, 1859; Priest, 1869 (Oxon). Second Master of Dulwich
College, 1865—68. Head Master at Christ’s Hospital, 1868—76, where
he had much to do with the scheme of reorganisation of the school
and its removal to the country. Head Master of Marlborough College,
1876—1908, when he resigned. Non-residentiary Canon of Salisbury,
1887 ; Examining Chaplain to Bp. of Salisbury, 1903; Rector of St.
Michael’s, Cornhill, London, 1906, until his death. Principal of
Queen’s Coll., London, 1903-1910. He married, 1870, Eliz., d. of
Edward Milner, and had one son (Rey. G. M. Bell, Vicar of Romford,
Essex) and three daughters, one of whom, Olive Dade Bell, died in
Aug., 1912, leaving behind her “the memory of a singularly sweet and
thoughtful character, with abilities which might have accomplished
much.” The Z%mes, Jan. 8th, 1913, in the course of a long obit. notice
says “ During the years that he was Master (of Marlborough) a num-
ber of new buildings of which the Chapel is the most important were
put up, and the playing fields were also extended. Mr. Bell was not
so successful as some headmasters in gaining scholarships, but his
interests were wide and he succeeded in imparting to those who came
under his personal tuition a high level of general knowledge. In his
choice of masters Mr. Bell was especially successful, as was shown by
the large number of appointments to headmasterships which haye
been gained by members of his staff. With the boys Mr. Bell was
quite popular, and the best testimony to their regard for him was the ~
close friendship which many of them maintained with him after they —
had left the school. He made a study of secondary education in all
the phases through which it has passed in recent years and his book
on Religious Teaching in Secondary Schools (1897; 2nd edition 1898)
had a distinct success. He took a great part in the establishment of
the Headmasters’ Conference.” q
Obit. notices, Z%mes, Jan. 8th ; Wiltshire Gazette, Jan. 16th, 1913.
bayls
25th, 1912, aged 89. Buried at Standlynch. Born at Brickworth Park, -
Whiteparish, Aug. 7th, 1823. He was the great nephew of the Admiral,
the grandson of his sister Susannah, wife of Thomas Bolton of Wells,
Norfolk. His father, Thomas Bolton, 2nd Earl Nelson, assumed in
lieu of his own name the name and arms of Nelson in accordance with
the Act for securing the Nelson annuity, and married Frances Elizabeth,
daughter and heiress of John Maurice Eyre, of Landford and Brick-
worth, Wilts. The late Earl succeeded his father in the title at the
age of 12, and was present at the funeral of Will. III. asa Peer. Edu-
cated at Eton and Trin. Coll., Camb., he took his seat in the House of
Lords, of which he lived to be the “Father,” in 1845. He married,
1845, Lady Mary Jane Diana Agar, only daughter of the 2nd Earl of
Normanton, by whom he had five sons and four daughters. She died
ma
Wilts Obituary. 119
1904. The eldest son, Viscount Trafalgar, died 1905; the second,
Charles Horatio, in 1900 ; the third, Thomas Horatio Viscount Merton,
succeeds to the title and is unmarried. The fourth son, the Hon. Edward
Agar Horatio Nelson, was born 1860. He was astrong Conservative in
politics, but before all things from his Cambridge days onwards he was
a churchman, much interested in the Tractarian movement, a member
of the Camden Society, an ardent advocate of free and open Churches,
and of the cause of Home Re-union, which was very near to his heart
all his life, contributing many articles on the subject to the Guardian.
From 1865 onwards he was a regular attendant and speaker at the
annual Church Congresses. A strong High Churchman himself, the
good relations of Church and Dissent and the possibility of working
with Nonconformists was one of the things that appealed to him most.
He was especially interested in the Foreign Missions of the Church
and often acted as a “ Deputation ” at meetings, in earlier days. Inthe
Diocese of Salisbury he was undoubtedly the leading lay churchman.
In 1857 he, in association with Keble, compiled a Hymn Book for use
in the Diocese, “The Salisbury Hymn Book,” which in many ways
anticipated Hymns Ancient and Modern. From the institution of the
Diocesan Synod by Bishop Moberly, in 1871, he was a constant atten-
dant and speaker, his strong voice even in the Synod of last year being
heard in the difficult Chapter House as that of very few younger
speakers could be. He long acted as Chairman of the organising
committee which fixes the agenda. He was a very active supporter
of Church schools, of the Queen Victoria Clergy Fund, and of many
other diocesan organizations. The Guardian says of him: “The
Diocese of Salisbury has long been conspicuous for unity of feeling and
co-operation. . . . Few, if any, have done more than Lord Nelson
in promoting this—by his loyal support of Bishop after Bishop, and the
manifest singleness of all his aims. For his position he was far from
wealthy, but his standard of generosity was very high. He was most
liberal as a landlord and anxious almost to excess—if that were possible
—to promote the well-being of all upon his estate. In private life he
was thoroughly consistent with the principles he publicly advocated.
. . His private charity was great.” He read the lessons regularly
ait both the Sunday services and sat with the choir in his parish Church.
“Harl Nelson,” says the Wiltshire Gazette, “will be generally remem-
bered for his long and close connection with the Wiltshire Friendly
Society,” of which he was the president from 1876 until his death. He
had been a J.P. for Wilts since 1845. He retained his vigour of mind
and voice in a wonderful degree to the end of his life. The large
assemblage at his funeral testified to the widespread esteem in which
he was held.
Obit. notices. The Guardian, Feb. 28th, had a three column notice
with portraits; Zimes, Feb. 26th; Wiltshire Gazette, Feb. 27th ;
Salisbury Journal, March 1st & 8th; Salisbury Diocesan Gazette, April,
1913. Small photo portraits, Daily Mail, Daily Mirror, and Daily
Sketch, Feb. 26th ; Sphere, March kth, 1913.
120 Wilts Obituary.
Canon John Rich, died March 18th, 1913, aged 86. Buried at
West Tytherton. Born May 24th, 1826. Eldest. of Rev. John Bostock
Rich, of Ivinghoe, Bucks. Educated at a private school at Hampton
Wick, 1834; Scholar of Westminster, 1838, and as such was present at
the coronation of Q. Victoria; Student of Ch. Ch., Oxon, 1844; B.A.,
1848; M.A., 1851. Deacon 1851, priest 1856 (Chich.). Hon. Fellow
of St. Michael’s Coll., Tenbury, 1856. Curate of Newtimber, Sussex,
1856—61. Vicar of Chippenham with Tytherton Lucas, 1861 until he
resigned in 1904. He was also Rector of Tytherton Kelloways, 1884
until his death. Hon. Canon of Bristol, 1882. Rural Dean of Chip-
penham, 1883—99. During his long tenure of the living the Parish
Church was well restored at a cost of £11,719, a new Church was built
at Lowden, both the Tytherton Churches were restored, and a new
Church school was built at Lowden. He married, 1861, Clara, d. of
Thomas Holmes Bosworth, of Westerham, Kent, who diedin 1911. He
leaves one son, Capt. Charles Rich, Governor of Northampton Prison,
and four daughters. In 1904, when he resigned the living of Chippenham,
he still continued to live in the town at Lowden Lodge. He possessed
considerable musical ability. He was for over thirty years hon. chaplain —
to the 2nd Batt. Wilts Volunteers. He was greatly respected and
esteemed by all classes at Chippenham.
Obit. notices, Zimes, March 20th; Waltshire Gazette, March 20th;
Wiltshire Times, with a good portrait, March 22nd, 1913.
Thomas Samuel Hill, died March 23rd, 1913, aged 69. Buried —
at Holy Trinity, Trowbridge. Born, 1843, at Potterne, where his father
was a schoolmaster. Entered office of Messrs. Clark & Collins, solicitors,
Trowbridge, became assistant clerk to the Local Board, and assistant
magistrates’ clerk. Became clerk to the Local Board, 1884, and to
its successor, the Urban Council, 1894, holding this important office
until his death, He was a prominent Freemason, but was best known
as a Volunteer, in which capacity he held the unique position of having —
served during the whole existence of the force under that name from
1859 to 1908. He held the rank of captain. He possessed musical |
abilities and was for twenty-six years choirmaster of North Bradley |
Church. An earnest. Churchman, he was greatly esteemed in Trow-
bridge, as the unusual demonstration of general respect at his funeral
showed.
Obit. notices, Wiltshire Gazette, March 27th; Wiltshire Times, with
portrait, March 29th; Welts News, with portrait, March 28th, 1913.
Sidney Herbert, 14th Earl of Pembroke and 11th
Earl of Montgomery, P.C., G.C.V.O., died suddenly,
March 30th, 1913, in Italy. Buried at Wilton. Born 1853, second
son of Sidney Herbert, Lord Herbert of Lea, Secretary for War
in the Palmerston Administration of 1859. Educated at Eton and
Christ Church, Oxon. Married 1877, Lady Beatrix Louisa Lambton,
eldest daughter of 2nd Earl of Durham. As Sidney Herbert he
Wilts Obituary. 121
represented Wilton in Parliament 1877—1885, and Croydon 1886—95.
A junior Lord of the Treasury, 1885—92. He succeeded his brother
(13th Earl) in the Peerage, 1895, and was appointed Lord Steward
of the Household, holding that office until 1905. Captain in Wilts
Yeomanry, 1876—80. He leaves two sons and two daughters, Reginald,
Lord Herbert, Captain in the Royal Horse Guards and A.D.C. to
Sir H. Paget, Commanding in Chief in Ireland, who succeeds to the
Peerage, Lady Beatrix Wilkinson, Lady Muriel Herbert, and the
Hon. George Sidney Herbert. Lord Pembroke was the largest
landowner in the county, owning some 60,000 acres in South Wilts,
as well as large estates in Dublin and the neighbourhood. He
was president of the South Wilts Constitutional Association and
president of the Wilts Archeological Society, 1906—8. In county
matters he took a very prominent part. He was a constant attendant
at the meetings of the County Couneil, and was chairman of the
Standing Joint Committee. His fine presence, and always courteous
manners, his wide knowledge of men and affairs, and his practical
wisdom, apart from the position which he occupied in the county, gave
him a place in public business among men of all classes and opinions
that will be hard to fill, As a landlord he carried on the excellent
traditions of the Pembroke estate, than which there is none better
managed in the county.
Obit notices, Zimes, March 31st; Weoltshire Gazette, April 3rd ;
Wiltshire Times, with portrait and cuts of Wilton House and Bridge,
April 5th ; appreciation by Chairman of Quarter Sessions, Wiltshire
Times, April 12th; portrait, Sphere, April 5th; portrait, Salisbury
Journal, April 5th, 1913.
Edwin Young, died March, 1913, age 82. Born, lived, and died at
Salisbury. He was a painter of considerable ability and a short
time ago gave a collection of his paintings, and a gallery to contain
them, together with four houses in Elm Grove, as an endowment for
maintenance, to the city of Salisbury. This gallery, next to the Iree
Library, is now nearing completion.
Obit. notice, Wiltshire Gazette, April 3rd, 1913.
Major Campbell Mlacgill, died March 12th, 1913, aged 64.
Buried at Stratford-sub-Castle. Son of Rev. Thomas Macgill, of
Clapham, came to Salisbury, 1881, and took over the business of Messrs. _
Large & Co. Was for some time churchwarden of St. Kdmund’s. Re-
moved te Stratford-sub-Castle, 1888, where, as churchwarden for ten
years, he was largely instrumental in carrying out the restoration of the
Church. Joined the Salisbury Volunteers, 1881, and was in command
of the detachment for six years, retiring with rank of major, 1903.
Obit. notice, Salisbury Journal, March 15th, 1913.
Lord Avebury, died May 28th, 1913; buried at Farnborough, Kent.
John Lubbock, born April 30th, 1834, eldest son of Sir John William
Lubbock, 3rd Baronet, and Harriet, daughter of [ieut.-Col. George
Hotham. Educated at Eton, on leaving Eton he went into his
122
Wilts Obituary.
father’s bank. Succeeded to Baronetcy 1865. Published “ Prehistoric
Times,” 1869, which at once attracted wide attention. In 1874 he
published “Origin and Metamorphoses of Insects,” and in 1882 “ Ants,
Bees, and Wasps.” This last was the work by which the public knew
him best, and Punch, August 19th, 1882, gave a portrait of him as “‘ The
Banking Busy Bee.” Liberal M.P. for Maidstone, 1870—80, and
London University, 1880—86 (and as Liberal Unionist) 1886—1900.
Vice-Chancellor of London University 1872—80. ‘“ He was an ideal
university member.” His untiring work in Parliament on behalf of
shop assistants will be gratefully remembered. The Bank Holiday Act
of 1871, Shop Hours Regulation Act of 1886, and Shop Hours Act of
1904 were chiefly due to his persistent efforts. He sat on several
Royal and on innumerable Departmental Committees. As the head of
Robarts, Lubbock, & Co., he held an important position in the city,
and was the first President of the Institute of Bankers. He was
President of the London Chamber of Commerce, 1888 to 1893, Chair-
man of the Corporation of Foreign Bondholders, Vice-Chairman of the
London County Council 1889-90, and Chairman 1890—92. He was a
member of the Legion of Honour, and held the Prussian Order Pour
le Mérite. Raised to the peerage in 1900 he took his title from the
~land at Avebury which he had bought to save the circle from the
speculative builder. He had been President of very many scientific
and learned societies. He was a Life Member and Vice-President of our
own Wiltshire Society. He married, first, 1856, Ellen, daughter of Rey.
Peter Hordern, and secondly 1884, Alice Augusta Laurentia, daughter
of Lieut.-General A. A. Lane Fox Pitt Rivers, who survives him. His
eldest son by the first marriage, Hon. John Birkbeck Lubbock, succeeds
to the title. “ Few Englishmen have lived a fuller or busier life than Lord
Avebury. The range of the operation of his energies was so wide and
multifarious and so eminently conducive to the public weal that he
won, and deserved, a higher place in the estimation of his fellow
citizens than many men of greater powers of mind. In industry and
capacity for giving attention to a variety of interests simultaneously
he has not been often equalled. . . . He was a practised entomo-
logical observer. . . . An anthropologist, an ethnologist and a
botanist. . . . A great student of geology.” Times, May 29th, in
a long obituary article: Portraits in Sphere, May 31st ; Queen, June
7th, 1913.
Rev. Thomas Scudamore Cunningham, died May 30th,
1918, aged 59, Buried at Chirton. S. of Thomas John Mackay
Cunningham, capt. in Madras Native Infantry. Born at Cheltenham,
June 18th, 1854. Educated at Clapham Grammar School and St. Bees
Theological Coll., 1875. Deacon 1877, priest 1878 (Oxford). Curate
of Newton Blossomville 1877—80; Burwell, Cambs., 1880—82;
Felpham, Sussex, 1882; Pakenham, Suffolk, 1883—84; Perpetual
Curate of Scilly Isles, 1885—88; Vicar of St. Feock, Corn., 1888—91;
Chaplain at Ghent, 1891—92; Vicar of Christ Church, Whitehaven,
Wilts Obituary. 123
1892—98; Vicar of Chirton and Marden, 1898 until his death. He
wrote many poems, several of which were published in the Argosy.
He was very popular in his parishes and beyond their limits was best
known as an uncompromising politician on the Unionist side, his
somewhat violent letters and speeches earning him the title of “The
Fighting Parson.” His widow and four sons survive him.
Long obit. notice, Wiltshire Gazette, June 5th, 1913.
Rt. Hon. George Wyndhan,, died suddenly in Paris, June 8th,
1913, aged 50. Buried at East Knoyle. Born 1863, s.of Perey Wyndham,
who died 1911. Hducated at Eton, entered Coldstream Guards and
served in Suakim campaign. He left the army and became private sec-
retary to Mr. A. J. Balfour, then Chief Secretary for Ireland. M.P. for
Dover, 1889 until his death. Under Secretary for War, 1898. Chief Sec-
retary for Ireland, 1900, he was the author of the Land Purchase Act of
1903. He was in favour of woman's suffrage, and a strong Protectionist.
Lord Rector of Glasgow University, 1902, and of Edinburgh, 1908. Hon.
D.C.L. of Oxford and Hon. LL.D. ‘of Edinburgh. ‘A keen yeomanry
officer and above all a man of exquisite taste and wide knowledge.” - He
was ‘‘a first-class man of letters as well as a distinguished politician,”
and was especially at home in the literature and history of the sixteenth
century. ‘“ Wherever the writings of George Wyndham are read there
will be found in them a very noble and sincere attachment for some of
the noblest things; something like the mind of Sir Philip Sidney, as
thorough in devotion as in criticism and controversy ” (Zzmes). He
married, 1887, the widow of Lord Grosvenor, who survives him. His
son, Perey Wyndham, married, 1913, Diana, d. of Lord Ribblesdale.
Long obit. notice, 72mes, June 10th; portraits, Sphere and Queen,
June 14th, 1913.
124
RECENT WILTSHIRE BOOKS, PAMPHLETS,
ARTICLES, &e.
[N.B.—This list does not claim to be in any way exhaustive. The Editor
appeals to all authors and publishers of pamphlets, books, or views, in
any way connected with the county to send him copies of their works,
and to editors of papers and members of the Society generally to send
him copies of articles, views, or portraits, appearing in the newspapers. |
Salisbury Plain its Stones, Cathedral City, Villages
and Folk. By Ella Noyes, illustrated by Dora
Noyes, 1918. London & Toronto: J. M. Dent & Sons, Limited.
New York: E. P. Dutton & Co.
Linen, 9in. X 6tin., pp. including title, xii + 320, 10s. 6d. net. Six-
teen coloured illustrations and forty-one line illustrations in text from
pen drawings, and a sufficient index. Many of the coloured illustrations
are very charming, indeed only two of them, Old Sarum and Wilton
House, are otherwise than successful. Salisbury Spire; High Street,
Salisbury ; Salisbury Cathedral; ‘The Cloisters; Butcher Row
(quaintly misprinted in the list of illustrations as “ Butcher Boy ”);
Heytesbury ; The River Wylye at Wishford ; and an Old House at
Imber are particularly pleasing. Some of the line illustrations seem
to be a little pale and indistinct, as though the paper had not taken
the ink properly, but many of them are very pleasant little impres-
sions of the various houses or villages which they illustrate. Among
them are Stonehenge; Salisbury from Old Sarum; St: Anne’s Gate ;
Tomb of William Longespee ; The Market Place ; and Old House, High
Street, Salisbury ; Fittleton Church; Upavon; Enford; Amesbury
Church ; Lake House ; Heale House ; Battlesbury ; Longbridge
Deverill Almshouses; 14 Vicarage Street, Warminster; Knook
Manor ; Boyton Manor; Codford St. Peter, Cross Shaft ; Stockton
House and Village; Little Langford Church, Doorway; Stapleford
Church and Street ; Fisherton de la Mere ; Bringing the Boughs
from Groyeley ; Chirton Font; and Mere Church.
Miss Noyes has interpreted “Salisbury Plain” in a liberal sense,
and the villages of the Avon and Wylye Valleys take up a larger
portion of the book than the Plain itself.
Salisbury too, the Cathedral, the city, the houses in the close, and
the 18th century life of the place is dealt with at some length, ain the
descriptions both of the Cathedral and of the architecture of the
various village Churches round the Plain are for the most part
knowledgeable and scholarly. Moreover they are in most cases well
up-to-date. The screen and the font for instance at Amesbury are
both back in their places. There is no attempt at a full description of
the Churches, but their leading features of interest and the general
character of their architecture is happily hit off in a few words, Of
ee ae
ficcent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &c, 125
the Down Country the authoress writes ‘“‘ Perhaps one must be bred
so to speak of the chalk, have its thin blood in one’s veins, to feel the
peculiar appeal of this country,” and the whole book gives the
impression that the writer has been so bred and knows that of which
she writes—not as having “got up” the local colour for literary
purposes—but because she is of the ‘‘ Winterbourn” herself. Of
course in a book covering so wide a space and touching lightly on so
many subjects, history, legend, architecture, archzeology—it is inevitable
that there should be inaccuracies—and they are not absent here. Yarn-
bury Castle for instance has not “a single rampart,” The Bustard Inn
has not been transformed into Racing Stables, The Muniment Room
of the Cathedral is hardly “‘ Brick vaulted,” the contents of the Upton
Lovell “Gold Barrow ” are at Devizes and not in the British Museum,
the two stones of Stonehenge which fell in 1900 have not been set up
again, and the House at Amesbury was not “completely re-built” in
1824. On archeology she touches lightly but for the most part soundly
—though it is not correct to say that there are “abundant traces of
the Late Celtic period in the contents of the Barrows,” at least if
“Late Celtic” bears the meaning usually attached to it, nor is the
later pottery of the Bronze Age better than the earlier. But in a book
of this kind the ordinary reader does not expect or desire minute
archeological or architectural detail. What he wishes for, if he is
sensible, and what he will find in these pages, is a characterisation of
the various places described, set full in admirable style and taste,
without any pretentiousness of word painting, but with a knowledge
of history and literary reference, always at hand where it is needed to
give interest, but never thrust forward in undue display. A book that
South Wilts folk will like to have on their shelves and to give to their
friends. Noticed, 72mes Lit. Suppt., May 8th; Salisbury Journal,
May 10th, 1913.
Leopards of England and other Papers on Heraldry.
By E.E. Dorling, M.A.,FSA. London: Constable
& Company, 1912.
Cloth, 9in. x 53in., pp. vill. + 136. 7s. 6d. net. Printed by Butler
& Tanner, Frome and London. Nine coloured plates, fifteen half-tone
plates, and twenty-seven cuts in text.
This book contains seven papers, four of which are reprinted from
the Ancestor. Of these two deal with Wiltshire matters. “ Armorial
Glass in Salisbury Cathedral,” pp. 57—72, describes six shields of the
latter half of the thirteenth century, formerly in the Chapter House,
and now in the west window of the Cathedral.
They are (1) Gold three cheverons gules. Gilbert of Clare, 3rd Earl
of Gloucester and Hertford, 1262.
(2) Paly gules and gold of eight pieces, a variant of the arms of the
Kings of Aragon borne by the Counts of Provence from 1166'to 1245.
Eleanor, Q. of Hen. III., was one of the daughters of Raimond
Berenger IV., the last Aragonese Count.
(3) Azure powdered with fleurs-de-lis gold. Old France (there are
ten whole lilies on the shield), ‘This shield is to be ascribed to Louis
IX., brother-in-law of Hen. IIJ., 1226—70.
126 Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, ce.
(4) Gules three leopards gold. Henry III.
(5) Selver a lion gules with a crown gold in a border sable bezanty.
Richard, Earl of Cornwall, second son of King John and brother
of Hen. IIT.
(6) Gold a cross gules. Roger Bigod, fourth Earl of Norfolk, 1225
—-70.
In addition there is a seventh shield of the same size and shape—a
field of white glass with a green demon and a blue border with bezant-
like discs of yellow glass. ‘The demon is apparently sixteenth century
glass, the blue border modern, the white glass and the yellow discs
appear to be of the thirteenth century, possibly once belonging to a
second escutcheon of Cornwall referring to Henry, son of the King of
the Romans, who went on crusade in 1268. Carter, in his plate of the
Chapter House windows, shows part of a checkered shield, of this
series, which has now disappeared. Mr. Dorling suggests that it was
that of John de Warrenne, Karl of Surrey, who married the elder Alice
de Lusignan and died in 1305. Mr. Dorling ingeniously argues that
the date of this series of shields must lie between 1262 and 1270, and
that the eighth Crusade in 1268, in which most of the persons whose
arms they contain were concerned, was the occasion of their painting.
Why they were set up at Salisbury cannot be said, but if this date
is correct they could not have been originally in the Chapter House,
for that was not built until the reign of Edward I. Nos. 4 and 5 of
the above shields are illustrated in colours in the frontispiece, the others
from careful drawings.
The other Wiltshire article,““T'wo Nevill Shields at Salisbury,” pp.79—
88, with two illustrations from drawings, deals with glass in the windows
of “ The Hall of John Hall,” built in 1470, the glass being contemporary.
The first of these contains, 1 and 4, quarterly, Montagu and Monthermer,
2 and 3, Vevill differenced with the Gobony label of silver and azure, for
Richard Nevill the elder, b. 1400, Earl of Salisbury in right of his wife,
Eleanor Montagu, only daughter and heiress of Thomas, fourth Earlof
Salisbury. The second shield displays seven coats arranged in three ~ 4
columns, Beauchamp, Nevill, Monthermer, Despencer, Montagu, Clare,
and Newburgh (of which the Despencer coat is modern glass by Pugin),
for Richard Nevill the younger, only son of the Earl of Salisbury, b. |
1428, who in right of his wife, Anne Beauchamp, sister and heir of
Henry, Duke of Warwick, became Earl of Warwick as wellas Salisbury. |
Both these papers are reprinted from the Ancestor. The other papers
are “Leopards of England,” “ The King’s Beasts at Hampton Court,’
“ A Montagu Shield at Hazelbury Bryan,” “ The Heraldry of the Font
at Holt” (Denbighs.), “Canting Arms in the Zurich Roll.” It is
needless to say that Mr. Dorling’s drawings are excellent. Reviewed,
Antiquary, March, 1918, pp. 119—120.
The Parish Church of Melksham. Plymouth, Seward
Mitchell & Co., Printers and Publishers, Buckland Hall, 1912. |
9in. X 6in., pp. 38 + 2, title unnumbered. 20 illustrations, portrait of
Canon Wyld, (Vicar) ; Church in 1844, from a drawing ; Norman arch
Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, ke. 127
at E. End ; old Key of N. Door; Lady Chapel; Nave, interior; Bells,
on the ground; Parvise and old books; First pages of old Church-
wardens’ Book; Registers (2) ; Church Plate; Pulpit; six Clerestory
windows ; Church, exterior from N.E.
This is a very useful and nicely illustrated popular handbook to the
Church and its history. A few words by way of introduction remind
us that ecclesiastically Melksham formerly included Seend, Erlestoke,
and Shaw, the first being made a separate parish in 1873, and Erlestoke
in 1877. Shaw, separated ecclesiastically in 1838, is still part of the
civil parish of Melksham. Beanacre Church, built in 1886, is not
consecrated. The architecture of the Church is described in very
simple language, but with considerable exactness. In 1845—47 the
Church was delivered into the hands of Wyatt, who pulled down the
central Perpendicular Tower with its finely panelled belfry stage and
rebuilt it, more or less on the same lines, but by no means exactly, at
the west end. A not very exact sketch gives an idea of the appearance
of the Church before this alteration. Canon Wyld gives from the
Churchwardens’ Account Books, (of which there are three preserved,
1574—1672, 1740—1798, 1799—1896,) the principal alterations and
repairs to which the building has been subjected since the Reformation,
and in more detail describes the many additions made to its furniture
and decorations of late years, which have converted it during his own
incumbency from a somewhat commonplace interior, to one of the
richest and most tastefully decorated Churches in the county. It is
now particularly notable for good modern woodwork and glass ; indeed
few Churches have so many good modern windows and what is the
more remarkable, perhaps, no really bad ones. The glass of the six
windows of the clerestory, illustrating the early history of Christianity
in Britain and Wessex, by Messrs. Powell, are a recent and striking
embellishment due, as were many other things in the Church, to the
generosity of the late Mr. White, of Whitley. A full account of the
subjects of these windows is given. Canon Wyld reproduces the Bow
Street notice of £40 reward offered by the churchwardens, for the
conviction of the thieves who on May 31st, 1803, broke open the Church
and carried away the Communion Plate :—
“One larve Silver Flaggon, Inscribed ‘The Gift of Ellen Long to the Parish Church of
Melksham, dated (sic) 1734,’ one large silver Salver, one small silver Salver, and one Silver
Cup.”
The inscriptions on the eight bells, (two new ones were added 1896),
a list of the vicars, and some account of the chief monuments are given.
Among the vermin for the destruction of which the churchwardens
paid, were martincats and whoops (bullfinches).
Little Ridge, Wiltshire, a seat of Mr. Hugh Morrison. An
illustrated article in Country Life, October 26th, 1912. When Mr.
Hugh Morrison decided on building a house in the extreme corner of
Fonthill Park he employed Mr. Detmar Blow to remove to that site
the old Manor House of Berwick St. Leonard, some three miles off.
The writer of the article says that this house “certainly had three
128 Recent Wiltshire Looks, Pamphlets, Articles, ke.
gables on each of its two sides, and was probably in plan something —
between Boyton and the larger Fonthill house of Elizabethan days,
which the picture now above the library chimney-piece at Little Ridge
shows to have been a long building with a recessed centre and
projecting wings.” When Sir R. C. Hoare published a plate of
Berwick St. Leonard House in 1829, it was in fairly good condition,
though even then used only as a barn, “but in 1905 it stood gaunt,
roofless, and derelict, merely an outside shell, and even part of that was
fallen, and all decayed.” ‘‘ It was therefore decided that the remnant
should form part of the new building and be the model for the rest.
The most accurate measured drawings were first taken of the
irregularity of the old mason’s work in order that this might he
retained. Then each stone was taken down, labelled, penned in
hurdles, removed to the new site and set up again in complete
harmony with its former position and appearance.” Such details as
the finials on the gables, and the ornamental parapets surmounting the
bay windows, which appear in Hoare’s illustration, had apparently —
disappeared and have not been reproduced in the re-erected building,
the whole of the interior of which is new. ‘The excellent illustrations —
are: “Entrance Front,’ “The Wing from the Bowling Green,” a ~
reproduction of Hoare’s plate of Berwick St. Leonard Manor, ‘‘ The
8.W. Front,” “The Lily Pool in the Flower Garden,” “ The Flower
Garden from the Bastion,” “The Garden Entrance from the High
Terrace,” “ Plans of the First and Ground Floors,” “ From within the
Garden House,” “In the Library,” ‘““The Garden Room,” “ Plaster
Work” (mantelpiece), “In the Dining Room,” “ The first flight of the
Staircase.” The letterpress was reprinted in Salisbury Journal, —
October 26th, 1912.
Wiltshire Parish Registers. Marriages. London:
Phillimore & Co. Vol. XII. 1912. 8vo. pp. viii, + 147. —
Price 10s. 6d. Contains the marriage registers down to 1837, of Bratton,
transcribed by the Rev. J. Gofton ; Kington St. Michael, by the Rev. |
A. H. W. Adrian, and the Rev. F. P. Synge; Fugglestone and ‘Bemerton,
by the Rev. W. Symonds ; Boyton and Sherington, by J. J. Hammond ; a
Latton, by A. H. W. Fynmore ; and Collingbourne Ducis, by the Rev.
R. G. Bartelot and the Rev. G. F. Tanner.
Vol. XIII. Edited by John Sadler. 1913. Linen, 8yo, —
pp. vil, + 146. This volume is entirely taken up with the marriages
of St. Edmund’s, Salisbury, and contains those from 1559 to 1741, copied
by the Rev. A. R. Thurlow and Mr. James Parsons. The remainder will
be printed in the next volume. The marriages of seventy-three
Wiltshire Parish Reisters have now been printed in this series. The
editor appeals for further offers of help in the transcription of Wiltshire
registers. The series can only be continued if such voluntary help is _
given. Anyone willing to transcribe the marriage registers of any
parish not yet dealt with should communicate with Mr. J. Sadler,
124, Chancery Lane, London. ‘,
a
4
» 5
Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &c. 129
Stonehenge and Avebury are dealt with in Chap. IL., pp. 15—29,
of “Rough Stone Monuments and their Builders, by. T. Eric Peet.
Harper, London and New York.” 1912. Tin. x 4tin., pp. xii. + 172.
Cloth. 2/6 net.
This book, one of the series of “‘ Harper’s Library of Living Thought,”
aims at giving in a short compass “a complete though brief sketch of
our present knowledge of the Megalithic Monuments” of the world.
Tt is a useful little conspectus of the subject, but its usefulness would
have been increased if the accuracy of its statements had been always
more evident. Weyland Smith’s Cave is spoken of in one passage as
in Buckinghamshire, and Merivale Bridge on Dartmoor and its Rude
Stone Monuments as in Somerset. The account of Stonehenge and
Avebury again has slips that might easily have been avoided. The
Vallum of the Earth Circle is “several-feet high.” The Friar’s Heel
Stone is ‘nearly at the extremity of the avenue” “ still 1200 feet in
length.” ‘“‘ Between the horseshoe and the outer circle another circle of
diabase stones is sometimes said to have existed, but very little of it
now remains.” Of “Avebury and the Kennett Avenue” a very small
plan is given, which is said to be “after Sir R. Colt Hoare,” but neither
Hoare nor anybody else ever gave a plan at alllike this. The centre of
the northern circle is said to have been occupied by “ a cover slab
supported on three uprights.” ‘lhe author does not seem to have known
‘of the recent excavations in the ditch, &c. Two good photographs of
Stonehenge “from the S.W.” and “from the §.E.” are given, together
with a very poor plan. The various theories, astronomical and other-
wise, of the date of the structure are shortly and clearly stated, and, as
a rule, both here and elsewhere in the book, the reader is left impar-
tially to take his choice.
Some Notes on the Ancient Church of St. Leonard,
Stanton Fitzwarren, Wilts; and otherwise. By
W. Caldwell Masters, M.A, Saint Mary Mag-
dalene College, Oxford; Hon. Canon of Bristol
Cathedral. Printed by A. R. Mowbray & Co.,
Ltd., London and Oxford, 1913.
Linen, 103in. X 72in., pp. vill. + 49 + 1 pageappendix. 4s. 6d. net,
5 illustrations, Interior General View ; the Font with New Cover, and
Panelling; the Altar, Reredos and Sanctuary Screen; ‘The Pugin
‘Feretrum at Magdalene College, Oxford. The above are good photos.
there is also a plate from the Buzlder, 1844, showing the font on its
14th century base as then existing. This Church is remarkable
amongst all the Churches of the county for the wealth of modern
carved oak work, roofs, screens, reredos, panelling, &c., that it contains,
a large proportion of it executed in the course of a long series of years
by the present Rector and author of this book. Heraldry and
symbolism, in which the arms and the lilies of Magdalene College
| are prominent, are lavishly scattered over all this carving—and in the
pages of this book its meaning is expounded and the author indulges
{OL, XXXVIII.—NO. CXIX. K
130
Wiltshire Notes and Queries, No. 79, Sept. 1912.
Daniel Whitby, S.T.P., 1638—1726, Precentor of Salisbury, with a
Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &c.
in various digressions on the subjects which it opens up. There are,
for instance, many notes on points of medizval ritual and Church
history, and customs. The use of the“ low side window ” is discussed at
length, and the reader is given the choice of very many of the fifteen
theories which have been invented to explain this most inexplicable
feature of medizval ecclesiastical architecture. King Charles the
martyr is dwelt upon at some length. The figure of St. George in a
window by Kempe gives occasion for much somewhat savage criticism
of the representation of that saint upon our coinage, and Pugin is
extolled as the greatest Christian architect since the middle ages.
Amongst interesting points which are not mentioned in Mr. Ponting’s
notes on the Church ( W.A.d/,, xxx., 182—186), are the following :—
A fine Caroline Door originally in Winchester Cathedral has been
placed in the N. doorway. ‘‘ A bowl or piscina” near the font came
from Cirencester. A German wooden panel with a carving of the
Adoration of the Magi, bearing the date 1587, probably came from
Diessen, in Hanover. ‘The new chancel roof has been largely made up
of good perpendicular woodwork “from a private chapel in the N. or
Midland counties” bought from a dealer (Mr. Little) of Bristol.
A list of the Rectors from 1299, extracted from Philipps’s Welts
Institutions is printed.
One serious omission there is. The Rector gives the names of the —
designer and sculptor of all the woodwork, &c., except of those pieces,
—and they are many—which he has wrought himself. Of the author-
ship of these not one word is said. Surely this silence is a little hard
on the next generation, for whose behoof as well as for that of the
present generation presumably the book is published. Indeed, if one
did not already know it, one would never find out from this book that
the Rector was a wood carver at all, or that any of the decoration of —
the Church was due to his own hand. ‘The description of the chalice
is misleading, and it seems to imply that the base and stem may be of
15th century date. As a matter of fact the base and stem are quite
nice Elizabethan work, and the bowl appears to be later, probably of
the date engraved on the foot of the paten cover, 1698.
portrait and his will, is the subject of a note by Mr. A Schomberg,
“Notes on the Family of Jason of Broad Somerford,” “ Sherston Manor
Rolls,” “The Wiltshire Protestation Returns of 1641—2,” ‘‘ Calendar
of Feet of Fines for Wiltshire,” ‘‘ Marriage Bonds of the Peculiar Court
of the Dean and Chapter of Sarum,” and ‘“‘Steeple Ashton Church-
wardens’ Accounts,” are continued from previous numbers. Mr. E. Kite
begins an account of “ Drew, of Southbroom,” the name appearing first
in the parish of Bishops Cannings about 1498. Notes on Blunsdon
St. Andrew are chiefly concerned with Sir Anthony Keck, who purchased
the manor in 1695, and the descent of his property. Mr. J. J. Hammond
has a note on ‘‘Goldston, of Alderbury, ” and’on a shield of arms in
that Church which differs much now from the account given of it in
Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphicts, Articles, ke. 131
Hoare’s Modern Welts. Mr. T. H. Baker prints three “‘ Licences to Kat
Flesh in Lent” granted by Peter Thacher, Parson of St. Edmund’s,
Salisbury, in 1633. Canon Wordsworth gives a list of twenty-seven
Church Houses in existence in Wiltshire, about 1670, from the Wotitia
of Bishcp Seth Ward.
— — No.80, Dec,, 1912, “The Washington Memorials
at Garsdon” is continued, with an account by Mr. H. Brakspear of
the old Manor House, great part of which was pulled down about fifty
years ago, and the remains adapted to farmhouse use. Much of
interest however remains, including the original 14th century roof
of the hall, and a beautiful Elizabethan stone mantelpiece, both
of which are here illustrated by admirable photographs. The
Wiltshire Protestation Returns of 1641—2; Marriage Bonds of the
Peculiar Court of the Dean and Chapter of Sarum; Wiltshire
Wills proved in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, 1584—1604 ;
Notes on the Family of Jason, of Broad Somerford; Notes on
Blunsdon St. Andrew ; Sherston Manor Rolls ; Steeple Ashton Church-
wardens’ Accounts, are all continued. There are also Notes on the
Hydes of Wilts and Cheshire by J. J. Hammond,.and the Family of
Tyse by A. Schomberg.
— No. 81, March, 1913. The number begins
with a notice of the life of Tobias Crisp, D.D., with a reproduction
of the engraved portrait by A. Soly, 1690. He was born in London,
1660, was Rector of Brinkworth 1629—1642, and died Feb. 27th, 1642-3.
A beginning is made with the Records of Marden, prefaced by some
account of the place by the Rector, the Rev. T. S. Cunningham, who
tells us that there is still a tradition that “a great battle had been
fought ages ago on Marden Down between men with red heads and
men with black heads, and that the red-headed menwon .. . that
the dead were buried in a large cave on the down, and that nobody had
ever dared to enter it.” Notes on the Family of Jason, of Broad
Somerford, with abstracts of several Jason wills ; Sherston Manor
Rolls; Marriage Bonds of the Peculiar Court of the Dean and
Chapter of Sarum; a Calendar of Feet of Fines for Wiltshire ; and
Wiltshire Protestation Returns of 1641—2; are continued. The will
of John Banninge, of Burbage, 1579, and that of John Ludlow, 1519,
“are printed, and Mr. Talbot has a note on the existence in 1776 of a
“Church House over which is Vestrey Room & Hall, where is keept
y° Court Baron and Leet, for the Mannor of Lacock” just adjoining
the west side of the churchyard. It seems to have been demolished
shortly afterwards. Some Briefs in the Registers of Long Newnton
and Codford St. Peter are given.
alisbury Cathedral occupies pp. 38—49 in “ English and Welsh
Cathedrals by Thomas Dinham Atkinson, with twenty illustrations in
colour by Walter Dexter, R.B.A. . . . Methuen & Co., London,
1912.” 8vo. The feature of the book is the presence of the, in many
K 2
cases, really beautiful water-colour drawings admirably reproduced in
colour. “Salisbury from the North-West” is not one of the most
successful of these, however. A ground plan in the text is also given.
The letterpress contains a short history of the foundation and building
of the Cathedral, with some notes on the architecture and monuments
of a sketchy character.
132 Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, ke.
Mi
|
e
:
Cricklade. A good article in Wilts and Gloucestershire Standard,
April 5th, 1912, by J. Lee Osborn, with photos of the two Churches
and crosses. The history of the place and the architecture of the
Churches is carefully described. Among other points of interest itis
noted that the Town Hall erected in 1569 and demolished early in the
19th century stood on 10 columns and was of similar character to that
still existing at Wootton Bassett. ‘A tree school founded by Robert |
Jennor, a London goldsmith, who lived in 1651, still stands close by
St. Sampson's. a
Dauntsey with photos of the Church and “ Old Schools and |
Almshouses,” article by J. Lee Osborne in Wilts and Gloucestershire
Standard, Nov. 2nd, 1912. A useful short account of the descent of the
manor, through Stradling and Lanvers, and the Earl of Peterborough,
of whose military exploits some account is given. The architecture and
monuments of the Church are dealt with in some detail; together with
the Doom painting once in the chancel and now at the west end of the
north aisle.
Draycot Cerne and Sutton Benger. A similar article by |
the same author in Wilts and Gloucestershire Standard, Feb. 8th,
1913, with a view of Old Draycot House and Church from Aubrey ©
and also of Sutton Benger village and Church. The history of ©
Draycot and of the Long family is dealt with, and the principal —
points of the two Churches are described.
Lydiard Tregoze and Lydiard Millicent. Another of Mr. |}
J. Lee Osborn’s good articles in the Wilts and Gloucestershire Standard, |¥
May 17th, 1913, with photos of the exterior of both the Churches. He
traces shortly the descent of Lydiard Ewyas or Tregoze from the Ewyas |
of the Conquest period to St. John, dwells on the career, character, and —
writings of the one St. John known to fame, Henry St. John, Viscount
Bolingbroke, and describes the Church shortly, the monuments and —
the heraldry of which do not meet his approval. Indeed he seems
curiously indifferent to their great interest, and prefers Lydiard
Millicent Church, which he also describes, apparently on the ground
that “there are no monuments and not a single coat of arms.” The
descent of the Manor is given, and the stories connected with the Manor |
House of Lydiard Millicent. are touched on—and the Wordale at
Midgehall described.
Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &c. 133
Wessex. Printed by Walter Tyndale, described by
Clive Holland. Published by Adam and Charles Black,
London, memoyi. Second Edition, 1912. 8vo., pp. xii. + 280. The
Wessex is the ‘“‘ Wessex” of Thomas Hardy and therefore chiefly
Dorset, but there are the following coloured illustrations of Wiltshire
places, some of them quite nice drawings. Westwood Manor House ;
Bradford-on-Avon Saxon Church, interior; Corsham Almshouses ;
Woodlands, Mere ; Mere, Dean’s Orchard ; Castlecombe.
Rural Rides by William Cobbett. [‘ Everyman’s Library.”]
London: Published by J. M. Dent & Sons, Ltd., and in New York by
E. P. Dutton & Co. Cr. 8vo, cloth. Two vels., 1s. per vol. With an
introduction by Edward Thomas.
Vol. I1., pp. VIL. + 335, contains the Wiltshire portion. ‘“ Down
the Vale of Avon in Wiltshire”; “From Salisbury to Warminster,
from Warminster to Frome, from Frome to Devizes, and from Devizes
to Highworth”; ‘“ From Highworth to Cricklade and thence to
Malmesbury”; “From Malmesbury in Wiltshire, through Gloucester-
shire, Herefordshire, and Worcestershire,” pp. 34—100.
Bishops Cannings Church Bells. The eight bells were
originally set up in 1602 when George Ferrabe was Vicar, and William
Hatwell, of Horton, and Thomas Sloper, of Cannings, were church-
wardens. They were cast by John Wallis; of Salisbury. The treble
was added or cast in 1607, unless “7” was a mistake for “2” in the
moulding. This bell has now been recast with the old inscription and
the addition “ H. Herbert Mogg, Vicar, A. J. Combes, J. H. Pottenger,
Churchwardens, 1912.” The tenor bell was apparently recast in 1626,
cracked 1893, and has since been recast, the 4th and 7th were recast by
Mears in 1840. There isin addition apriest’s bell by James Burroughs,
of Devizes, 1738. The whole peal has been recently renovated and re-
set. The inscriptions are given in Wiltshire Gazette, Jan. 2nd, 1913.
Enfora Church Bells. The five bells at Enford have recently
been retuned and rehung with the addition of a sixth the inscription
on which reads “To the Glory of God, and in loving memory of Adelaide
and Jillian Frances Cusse. A.M.J. M.G.W. O.F.W. 1912.”
An account of the work and of the dedication ceremony on Dec. 24th
1912, together with the inscriptions on the bells, is given in Wiltshire
Gazette, Jan. 2nd, 19138.
ting Alfred and Pewsey. An article by Alfred Cook in the
Wiltshire Gazette, December 24th, 1912, being notes of an address
advocating the erection of a statue to King Alfred at Pewsey as a
Coronation memorial. After the battle of Ashdown, when Ethelred
and Alfred defeated the Danes, the latter obtained a victory at
Basing, and again fought at Meretun, which the author of the paper,
following other authorities identifies with Marton in Bedwyn. Here
Ethelred was wounded and the author believes died at Pewsey, and
nt ha
134 Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &c.
was buried at Wimborne. The author regards it as certain that Alfred
must have been at Pewsey at the time of his brother’s death, and he —
goes on to derive Rafen in Pewsey from the raven banner of the Danes, ~
and reconstructs in fancy the course of the battle at a spot unnamed
by the chroniclers, as taking place here.
Salisbury Cathedral. “The Parthenon of England” is the title
of an important article in The Building News, Dec. 18th,1912, pp. —
820—825, with four illustrations from Bond’s Cathedrals of England ~
and Wales, viz., West Front, Nave looking W. by W.N.W.; Across
the Greater Transepts to N.; and Chapter House Interior. It is the —
full report of a lecture delivered to the Society of Architects by E. W. —
Harvey Piper. The whole building is systematically examined and ~
criticised from an architectural point of view, the actual description of
the various parts being only such as is necessary for this purpose. In
this way the article rather stands alone among the hundreds of de- |
scriptions of the building. ‘The exterior meets with almost unlimited
praise from the author, as the title of the article sufficiently declares,
but as to the interior he is ne to confess that “ our first impression on |
seems so Tone, so me so correctly monotonous? 2 By degrees,”
however, “interest is awakened in the purity of the mouldings, &c.”
There is a curious slip in describing the wooden table of the Chapter
House, as a “circular stone seat carried on slender columns.’ The |
Dec. 24th, and Weltshere Times, Dec. 28th, 1912.
Bromham and Tom Moore. Article by J. Lee Osborn in |
Wiltshire Times, december 28th, 1912, with two photo illustrations, |
Sloperton Cottage, and Celtic Cross in Bromham churchyard. A
well-written three column article giving the main facts of Moore's life,
with an account of the present condition of Sloperton Cottage, and e
description of Bromham Church.
‘Right Hon. W. H. Long, MP., Character Sketch,
an Honest Tory.”’ Article in Daily News, reprinted in Wilt
shire Times, December 28th, 1912, with portrait, cut of Rood Ashton,
and two columns of letterpress of appreciation from the supe
Radical point of view.
The Centenary of Isaac Pitman, January 4th, 1912,
by Arthur Reynolds. Article in Zhe Treasury, January, 1913, pp.
398—403. A good portrait from a photo taken in 1868 when he was 56,
and photos of the title and a page of “‘Stenographic Sound Hand” are |
given. Another article in the Zimes, Jan. 4th, 1913, on the history of
Shorthand, and Pitman’s life and industry. Another antibled in Wiltshire
Times, Dec. 28th, 1912, giving some account of Pitman’s life with a}
good portrait, and an illustration of the school formerly standing in
Trowbridge churchyard where he received his early education.
Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &c. 135
S. Wilts—Local Events in 1912. Salisbury Journal, Dec.
28th, 1912.
Alton Barnes and Alton Priors, Augustus Hare and “The
Memorials ofa Quiet Life.” Articlein Wiltshire Times, Nov. 30th, 1912,
by J. Lee Osborn, with photos of the Rectory and the Interior of the
Church at Alton Barnes. The Churches and the place and Augustus
Hare’s life and work there are described sympathetically.
Edmund Pullen, of Cricklade, grazier, received a patent in
1714 for an invention whereby water mills of all sorts could “ worke as
much or more than such mills now can with less water.” Waltshire
Times, Jan. 18th, 1913.
Mr. Long and Miss Linley. The circumstances of the breaking
off of the engagement between Miss Linley (afterwards Mrs. Sheridan)
aged 17, and Mr. Long, a bachelor aged 60, and the very chivalrous
conduct of the latter in the matter, are detailed in Weltshire Times,
January 18th, 1913.
John Carpenter, of Chapmanslade (Corsley), husbandman.
His will dated December 10th, 1617, is printed in Wiltshire Times,
January 4th, 1913. He leaves ‘‘ One heyffer bullocke called Cherrye ”
and “ one cowe called Collye.”
The Story of Goody Orchard, of Malmesbury, who bewitched
a young maid of Burbage, in 1685, is printed in Wiltshire Times,
January 4th, 1913.
Report of Excursion to Dinton, Chilmark and the
Vale of Wardour, Saturday, July 15th, 1911.
By Dr. Theophilus Ord, F.G.S., and T. W. Reader, F.G.S., pp. 148 —
157, Geologists Association.
Illustrated by sketch map of the Vale of Wardour ; section of Oolitic
strata, Vale of Wardour; and four photos of ‘“ Junction of middle and
lower Purbeck beds, Teffont Evias (limekiln pit)” ; “ Lower Purbeck
resting on Portland bed, Teffont side of Chilmark Ravine”; “ Chalky
series of Portland beds, Chilmark Ravine”; ‘“‘ Middle Purbeck beds
showing action of the infiltration of surface water in removing
caleareous matter ; Ladydown, near Tisbury.”
Great Chalfield, Broughton Gifford, and Westwood.
An excursion on April 15th, 1912, of the Bath and District Branch of
the Somerset Archeological Society to these places is described in The
Proceedings of the branch for 1912, pp. 135—142, with photos of Great
Chalfield House and Church, and Broughton Gifford Church, and short
notes on Great Chalfield House by Mr. A. W. N. Burder ; on Broughton
Gifford Manor House, built in 1622 by Sir John Horton, by Mr. Clifford
Bax; on Broughton Gifford Church, by the Vicar, the Rev. Roland
Davis ; and on Westwood Church, by the Vicar, the Rev. G. H. Kirkham ;
form the bulk of the report. ;
136 Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &c.
Longleat. An excursion of the same society to Frome and Longleat on —
June 10th, 1912, is described in V’he Proceedings, pp. 146—151, Longleat
occupying pp. 148—151, a list of the most notable portraits being given.
Colerne, North Wraxall, and Castle Combe. A third
excursion on Sept. 20th, 1912, is reported in the same number of the
Proceedings, pp. 157—164, with photos of Colerne Church and Castle
Combe Market Cross. The Rev. H. Hippisley Stephens, Vicar, gives
some notes on Colerne Church, and a short note on the Manor House ©
follows ; the Rev. John Langley, rector, has a few words on the archi-
tecture of North Wraxall Church. Castle Combe Church is described ~
by Mr. H. H. Scott in more detail, and there is some account of the site —
of the castle and its earthworks. i
sa deel eee Sa
Ashton Keynes. “Particulars of the Cove House Estate, Ashton .
Keynes. . . . Messrs. Whatley, Wing, & Co. . . . February
3rd, 1913, at the King’s Head Hotel, Cirencester.” Folio, pp. 41. Two
folding plans, a reduction from the ordnance survey on the cover and Hf
good photos of Waterhay Farm ; Kent End Farm ; Cove House ; Cove ~
House stables ; North End Farm ; The Old Manor Farm ; Dairy Farm; _
Manor or Coppice Farm. .The same photos of a reduced size also
appeared inthe advertisement Supplement to Country Life, J ant
11th and 18th, 1913.
Maud Heath’s Causey, by H. G. Archer, an illustrated article in —
The Queen, March 15th, 1913. There are five nice photo process views
of ‘‘ Maud Heath’s reputed tomb in the tower of Langley Burrell —
Church,” “ The column on Bremhill Wick Hill, crowned by effigy of —
Maud Heath,” “The Road and Causey where they cross the perilous ‘
flat,” “ The pillar and sundial at the Avon Bridge,” “The old Moravian ~
settlement at Tytherton Kellaways.” This is quite a good article,
founded, as the author states, largely on Canon Jackson’s paper
W.A.M.i. 251. He points out however that whereas Canon Jackson —
speaks of her as a spinster the inscription on the Avon pillar of 1698 —
calls her ‘‘ widow.” The tomb at Langley Burrell is of course, as the
writer states, of much earlier date than Maud Heath,’and the
attributing of it to her is due to a statement of Aubrey’s. The Heath
or Hethe family seem to have occupied a position during the 15th
century at Bremhill, above that of the yeoman class to which Maud is
traditionally held to have belonged.
The Church and Dr. Sacheverell. A goodarticleby E. Her-
mitage Day, F.S.A., in Zhe Treasury, March, 1913, pp. 584—590,
with portrait from print, bringing out the fact that Sacheverell has
been undeservedly abused by Whig historians.
Sir Thomas Lawrence. By Sir Walter Armstrong. Wide royal
8vo. Frontispiece and forty other illustrations. 21s, net. Methuen,
1913. :
Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamvphlets, Articles, dc. 137
Salisbury St. Edmund’s Bells and the fall of the tower on
June 26th, 1653, are the subject of an article in Wiltshire News, Feb.
14th, 1913.
John Hungerford Pollen. By Anne Pollen. 1912. A. long
review of this book appeared in Church Times, Oct. 11th, 1912.
‘““A Wiltshire Village” by Alfred Williams. A long
and interesting notice of this book comparing the optimistic view of
Wiltshire country life taken by the author with the pessimistic view
taken by Mrs. Ottley in “A Modern Beotia,” appeared in the Wilt-
shire Gazette, Dec. 5th, 1912. ;
Salisbury. Some interesting details of boarding schools in Salisbury
in the reign of Q. Anne for young ladies of large fortunes (£1000 to
£10,000), and of the cost of their “boarding, breeding, and educating ”
up to the age of 17 or 18, which seems to have varied from £12 to £16 a
year, £22 a year being thought “a great oppression,” are given in Wvlt-
shire Times, Novy. 28rd, 1912.
Edward Slow, the Wiltshire Dialect Poet. Art. by
Alfred Williams in British Workman, March, 1913, with portrait and
view of his home at Wilton.
The Icknield Way. By Edward Thomas, with
illustrations by A. L. Collins. London: Constable and
Company, Ltd., 1913. 7s. 6d. net.
Cloth, 8in. + 53in., pp. xv. + 320, eight illustrations in colour,
fifty-one line illustrations in text, with folding map.
The author begins with a discursive essay on old roads in general, fol-
lowing for awhile as an example the Ox Drove “through Selwood Forest
by Maiden Bradley, over Whitesheet Hill,” and the “London Drove
Road,” by old Willoughby Hedge along the edge of Groveley Woods to
Salisbury. He mentions, too, another “Ox Drove” running some four
“miles south of Salisbury by Winklebury to Shaftesbury. Coming to
the Icknield Way, he will not have it that its derivation has anything
to do with the Iceni, and after giving a selection of absurd guesses at
the etymology by various learned antiquaries, wisely concludes “and
still nobody knows or believes that anybody else knows.” He then
reviews the various irreconcileable statements of the writers who
‘mention the road from the twelfth century downwards, the ‘“‘ Laws of
Edward the Confessor,” Geoffrey of Monmouth, Henry of Huntingdon,
Holingshed, down to Drayton, Plot, and Camden’s Britannia, showing
how the ‘“‘ Rycknield ” and the “Icknield” ways are confused by the
earlier writers, and concludes that “Icknield Way (or Street) is the
name of two apparently distinct roads; one with a Roman look running
north and south through Worcestershire and Warwickshire, the other
winding with the chalk hills, through Suffolk, Cambridgeshire, Hert-
fordshire, Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Oxfordshire, Berkshire, and
Wiltshire.” It is with this last that the author is concerned.
138
iecent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &c.
Camden shows the Icknield Way going west from Royston through
Dunstable, Wendover, Princes Risborough, to cross the Thames at
Goring. Wise (1697—1767) traces it from Streatley through Berks to
Blewbury and Harwell where it is called the “ Portway ;” whilst another
road near Lockinge is called “ Icelston Meer” and “Icleton Way,”
under Whitehorsehill to Bishopstone. Lysons describes this “ Ickleton
Way ” from Streatley to Wanborough.
John Bennett, Bishop of Cloyne (1794—1820), says the “‘ Ickeneld ”
Way enters Berks at Streatley and divides into two branches, one, the
Ridgeway, goes by White Horse Hill into Wilts,the other, by Hampstead
and Hermitage to Newbury, &c. -This apparently is the authority for
the name “Icknield Way,” given by the Ordnance Survey to the
Ridgeway. Edwin Guest, in 1856, writing a long account of the Icknield
Way, thinks it joins the Ridgeway east of Avebury and continues west
along its course. There are in fact endless theories, all the roads in
this part of the country having apparently been pressed into the service
as portions of the Icknield Way by one writer or another.
Mr. Thomas argues that a line of road running just below the escarp-
ment of the downs can be traced with few gaps from Newmarket,
Royston, and. Dunstable, into Wiltshire. It is mentioned in Bucks in
903. It crossed the Thames at Goring and Streatley and follows the
Reading and Wantage Road. An alternative short cut may have
crossed the Thames at Wallingford. In a charter of 903 at Harwell,
the Ridgeway and the “‘Icenhilde” Way are distinguished as separate,
one above the escarpment and the other below it. So, too, at Compton
Beauchamp in 955. At Wanborough a grant of lands. by Athelwulf
in 854 to Winchester mentions the Icknield Way, and Mr. Harold Peake
believes that the road crosed the parish very near the course of the
modern road bearing the name on the Ordnance Survey. “Thus the
road from Newmarket—or at least from Royston—by Streatley to
Wanborough parish is a venerable and continuous one, which bore
almost the same name at its extremities—Ykenilde-weie at Newmarket
in the time of Hen. III. Icenhilde Weg at Wanborough in 854. That
it is Icknield Street, one of the ‘four royal roads,’ is proved only by
its coming out of the east and going westward, and by its crossing
Watling Street at Dunstable, as does the Ykenieldstrete of the thirteenth
century map.” Unlike the other three roads, the Icknield Way ap-
pears not to have been Romanized at any point. ‘‘ It seems probable
that Icknield, like Watling and Ermine, was a generic name for a road.”
The author shortly describes the other “ Icknield,” or “ Rikenild,” or
“ Hickling ” Ways, and after tracing the course of his own Icknield
Way from Thetford to Wanborough, in Wilts, as he followed it himself
on foot, comes to the conclusion that “beyond Wanborough there is so
far no sufficient evidence for tracing the course of the Icknield Way.
: It is possible that as the Ridgeway in Berkshire has been
mistakenly called the Icknield Way, so the lower part of what is now
called the Ridgeway in Wiltshire may be the Icknield Way.”
But the whole book gives one the impression rather that the research
as to the course of the road is only an excuse really for writing a book:
Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, ke. 139
about a walking tour, and describing the daily incidents that beset the
walker, the people he met, especially the landlords and Jandladies of
the inns, the frequenters of their bars, and what they talked about and
how he answered them, and what manner of pictures decorated the
walls of the bedrooms where he slept.
Noticed, Zimes Literary Supplement, May 8th, 1913.
The Registers of the Parish of Wylye in the County
of Wilts. Published by the Rev. G. R. Hadow,
M.A., from Transcripts made by T. H. Baker
and J. J. Hammond. Devizes: printed by Geo. Simpson, 1913.
Linen, 102in. X 7in., pp. x (including titles) + 4 (unnumbered, title
of register and notes) + 252 + 1 (page of errata unnumbered). Price,
10s. 6d.
The Rev. G. R. Hadow, when leaving Wylye Rectory, has put his
former parishioners and his successor in the parsonage under an obli-
gation to himself by providing an edition of the parish registers of
marriages, baptisms, and burials, from the middle of the reign of Queen
Elizabeth down to the first year of Queen Victoria. Itisan attractive
looking volume, both outside and within, and does credit to Mr.
Simpson’s press.
The index to the Wylye Registers is an admirable piece of work.
Where I have tested the references I have found them perfectly
accurate. ‘Two or three minor references to place-names may have
escaped, but the array of Christian names as well as surnames is very
legibly set out in print. The Christian names themselves would make
an inviting study. For the work of transcription Mr. Hadow has been
fortunate in securing the services of Mr. Baker, who has already put
us under obligation by his labours expended on several volumes in
Messrs, Phillimore & Sadler’s series of marriage registers, and by several
useful pieces of work, and he has found in the instance before us a keen
coadjutor in Mr. J. J. Hammond. ‘The editors have given us a list of
incumbents and patrons of the benefice and a record of the plate and
bells, and of the charities, as well as the monumental inscriptions in
Church and churchyard at Wylye. Fifty-six pages of the book, com-
prising the registers from 1581 to 1643, are (for the most part) expressed
in the diffuse latinity of the Rev. I. Crockford, a schoolmaster at
Stockton, who served as a coadjutor to the Rectors of Wylye from
about 1618 to 1629, and from the less scholarly pens of certain others
of the clerical staff. Some errors in expanding or printing the contracted
Latin on these early pages of a faded register will be condoned by the
reader, as a page of evvata is being issued by the publisher.
The illiterate entries on pp. 61, 70, indicate that occasionally the
dignified rectors of the Restoration period employed a parish clerk or
sexton to write up the register. The loquacious Georgian incumbents
have left many characteristic annotations in the Church books, As
Mr. Crockford the latinist held the vicarage of Fisherton-de-la- Mere in
1613—34 we venture to express a hope that at some not far distant
140 Books and Articles by Wiltshire Authors.
date an opportunity may be found for printing the registers of that
parish with as complete an index as has been given in the case of Wylye.
The note printed on p. xiv. reminds us that according to the list
given by Dr. Cox in his entertaining volume on The Parish Registers
of England (Methuen’s Antiquary’s Books, 1910) Wilts possesses
registers, dating from Thomas Cromwell’s neopolen order 1538—1539,
for the parishes of :—
Ashton (Steeple) Heddington Milston
Broad Chalke Highworth Ogbourne St. George
Calne Knoyle (East) Sevenhampton ee
Compton ee Manningford Abbas Trowbridge. ys
Dean (West) Marston (South) Woodford.
Richard Jefferies. E’tude D’une Personnalité. Par
Clinton Joseph Masseck, A.B. Tufts College. A.M. Univ. Harvard.
Doctor de I Université de Paris. Paris: E’mile Larose, Libraire-
Editeur. Rue Victor Cousin 11, 1918.
Paper cover, 10in. X 64in., pp., including title, iv. + 266.
BOOKS AND ARTICLES BY WILTSHIRE AUTHORS.
Lord Lansdowne. The preface to “Rights of Citizenship: a
Survey of Safeguards for the People” by eight authors. Warne & Co.,
1912. 1s, net.
Prof. Henry Newbolt. “Poems, new and old.” Murray, 1912.
5s. net.
— “Kipling the Poet,” article in the Book Monthly, January,
1913.
Maurice Hewlett (of Broad Chalke). “ Mrs. Lancelot, a comedy of
assumptions. Macmillan & Co., St. Martin’s Street, London, 1912.
Linen, 73in. X 5in., pp. vi. + 339. A novel. |
“Helen Redeemed, and other Poems.” London: Macmillan f
1913. Cr, 8vo. 4s. 6d. net. -
John Wordsworth, D.D., Bishop of Salisbury.
“Sermons preached in Salisbury Cathedral Church and elsewhere
Peale together with selected Prayers composed by him.”. Longmans.
London. 1913.
Cloth, 7din. x 5in., pp. xviii. + 307. The portrait is a photo of the
work of Sir George Reid at the Palace. There are twenty-nine sermons
preached at various dates from 1886 to 1911, of which twenty-two were
preached in the Cathedral, and most of them were printed in the
Salisbury Diocesan Gazette. The preface is signed by his widow, Mary
A. F. Wordsworth, and the prayers have been edited by his brother
Sub-Dean Wordsworth.
Noticed Wrltshire Gazette, Jan. 30th; Sulisbury Journal, Feb. 1st,
1913.
|
Books and Articles by Wiltshire Authors. 141
Rev. E. H, Goddard. Assize sermon preached at St. John’s,
Devizes, on Sunday, January 12th, 1918. Printed in full in Wiltshire
Gazette, Jan, 16th, 1913.
F. E. Ridgway, D.D., Bp. of Salisbury. “New Year's
Letter.” Salisbury Diocesan Gazette, Jan., 1913; Salisbury Journal,
Dec. 28th, 1912.
=== — Sermon in Cathedral at annual Salisbury Schools Service.
Salisbury Journal, Nov. 2nd, 1912.
— — “ Address to the Diocesan Synod.” Printed in full, Wilé-
shire Gazette, April 8rd, 1913.
John Ayscough. “Liberalism and Catholics.” Art. in British
Review, April, 19138.
Will. Page Roberts, D.D., Dean of Salisbury. “Heaven
and the Heavenly Reward.” Sermon preached before the University
of Cambridge. Text, Isaiah xl., 10. Salisbury Journal, Nov. 9th, 1912.
— -— Sermon preached in Salisbury Cathedral, Christmas Day,
1912. Salisbury Journal, Dec. 28th, 1912.
—. — _ Lecture on “ Khartoum and the White Nile,” at Maundrell
Hall, Salisbury. Printed in Salisbury Journal, Nov. 9th, 1912.
[William Beckford]. “The origin of ‘ Vathek,’” article in Black-
wood’s Magazine, May, 1912, p. "700 et seq.
Canon Douglas Macleane. Sermon at Salisbury Cathedral
Commemoration. Text, II. Kings, xiii, 17. Salisbury Journal, Nov.
9th, 1912.
Marquis of Ailesbury, D.S.O. “The Real Obstacle to Military
Reform.” Article in Nineteenth Century, March, 1913.
Mrs. Arnold Forster. A supplementary chapter to a new edition
of “A History of England” by H. O. Arnold Forster, Cassell & Co.,
1913 ; price 5s.: bringing it up to date.
Ven. E. J. Bodington, Archdeacon of Wilts. Address at induction
of Rev. I. G. Cameron, at Woodborough. Printed in full, Wiltshire
Gazette, March 6th, 1913.
—. — Charge delivered at Devizes and Marlborough. Waltshire
Gazette, June 26th, 1913.
Clive Bell. (Arthur C. Bell, son of W. Heward Bell, of Cleeve House,
Seend) article on “ The English Group” in the Introduction to the
Catalogue of the Second Post Impressionist Exhibition. Grafton
Galleries, 1913. ‘Hin. Xx. 44in., pp. 21—24. Sets forth what “ Post
Impressionism ” aims at.
Miss B. Hunt, of Lacock, writing as ‘“‘ Betty Bowden.” Two
short stories, “ Elizabeth Ann” and “ Miss Pentonville,” the latter
published April, 1913.
WILTSHIRE PORTRAITS.
The Hon. Mrs. John Ward, of Chilton Foliat. Photo, Country Life, Oct.
19th, 1912.
Dr. Walter B. Maurice (Mayor of Marlborough) and Mrs. Maurice; C. J.
Barnes (Mayor of Calne) ; E. W. Cooke (Mayor of Wilton) and Mrs.
Cooke; J. J. Shawyer (Mayor of Swindon); E. Neale (Mayor of
Chippenham) ; Superintendent John Collins, ot Salisbury Division of
Wilts Constabulary. Eight photos, Wiltshire News, Nov. 8th, 1912.
Superintendent Hillier, of Salisbury Division of Wilts Constabulary.
Wiltshire News, Nov. 8th, 1912.
F. Sutton, Mayor of Salisbury, and Mrs. Sutton. Two photos. Wéltshire
News, Nov. 15th, 1912.
Sir Audley Neeld. Photo. Queen, Noy. 23rd, 1912.
James Pillinger, of Swindon, Crimean veteran. Photo, Wiltshire News,
Nov. 22nd, 1912.
George Algar, capt. of Trowbridge Football Club. Photo, Wiltshire Times,
Dec. 14th, 1912.
Rev. W. H. McCann Clarke, B.D., Vicar of Westbury. Photo, Wiltshire
News, Dec. 13th, 1912.
R. G. C. Pinfield, the Chippenham footballer. Photo, Wiltshire News,
Dec. 13th, 1912,
Jock Walker, ““Swindon’s Scottish International back.” Snapshot photo,
Wiltshire News, Nov. 15th, 1912.
Margaret, d. of Lady Charles Fitzmaurice. Photo, Queen, Dec. 21st, 1912.
W. J. Mann, Clerk to Trowbridge Board of Guardians; R. J. Massey,
printer, of Trowbridge ; Rev. Guy Campbell, Rector of Wilton ; Ernest
Spackman, of Swindon; Colour-Sergeant E. F. Thomas, Wilts Regi-
ment. Five photoson one sheet, Wiltshire News, Dec. 20th, 1912.
Mr. and Mrs. James Keen, of Hilperton Marsh. Photo, Wiltshire Times,
Jan. 11th, 1913.
John Atkinson, died Noy. 18th, 1912, aged 49, in Canada, formerly Science
Master and Head of Pupil Teacher Centre at Devizes. Obit. notice
and photo, Wiltshire Advertiser, Dec. 12th, 1912.
Capt. Stewart B. Dyer, D.S.O., prospective Liberal candidate for Salisbury,
Photo, Wiltshire Advertiser, April 25th, 1912.
Stephen Reynolds. Photo, Wiltshire Advertiser, Aug. 29th, 1912 ; Shee ey
Jan, 25th, 1913.
V. I. Berry, of Manor Farm, Allington. Photo and obit. notice, Weltshire
Advertiser, June 20th, 1912.
William Angell, of Chilton Foliot, Crimean veteran. Photo, Wiltshire
Advertiser, Dec., 1912.
Mrs. H. Lovell Hewett, of Trowbridge. Photo, Wiltshire News, Jan. 10th,
1913.
Police Constable Cull, of Salisbury. Photo, Wiltshire News, Jan. 3rd, 1913.
.
Wiltshire Portraits. 143
Major Jobson, Unionist Agent for North Wilts. Photo, Wiltshire News,
Dec. 27th, 1912.
Sir John and Lady Miller. Photo, Wiltshire News, Jan. 3rd, 1913.
Superintendent J. Moloney, “‘ Father of the Wilts Police.” Photo, Wiltshire
Times, Jan. 25th ; Wiltshire News, Jan. 24th, 1913.
Rey. C. G. Hutchinson, Pastor of Emmanuel, Trowbridge. Photo, Wiltshire
Times, Feb. 1st, 1913.
Mr. and Mrs. Pearce, of Bradford-on-Avon, married seventy years. Photo,
Wiltshire News, Jan. 17th, 1913.
F. R. Willis, and W. N. Ledbury, of Trowbridge. Two photos, Wiltshire
News, Jan. 17th, 1913.
Frederick Rich, of Bradford-on-Avon. Photo, Wiltshire News, Jan. 24th,
1913.
Lord and Lady Ernest St. Maur. Photo, Country Life, Jan. 11th, 1913.
Sir John Tankerville Goldney, of Monks Park, and Lady Goldney.
Photo, Daily Graphic, Feb. 17th, 1913.
EK. W. Ewens, North Wilts Unionist agent ; Charles Scamell, Frank Baker,
and C. Gaisford, of Salisbury ; Sid. Cooper, Wiltshire footballer, five
photos on one sheet, Wiltshire News, Feb. 14th, 1913.
Rev. Ed. Collett, Vicar of Bowerchalk, printing his parish magazine.
Photo, Daily Morror, Jan. 14th, 1913.
Hon. Patricia and Hon. Sidney Herbert, eldest son and daughter of Lord
Herbert. Photo in group, Queen, Feb. 15th, 1913.
Countess of Kerry. Photo, Queen, Mar. 1st, 1913.
_ Lord Methuen and Hon. Miss Methuen, in snapshot group. Photo, Daily
Sketch, Mar. 1st, 1913.
Geofitrey E. Huth, of Winterslow, and Ex-Sergt.-Major Ed. Glass, of
Alderbury. Photos, Wiltshire News, Feb. 28th, 19138.
A collection of pictures which belonged to the hae, EK. H. Daren, of
. Morhanger House, Sandy, Beds., was sold at Christies’ early in March,
1913. A pastel portrait by Q. de la Tour, of Henry Dawkins of Stand-
lynch Park, who married, 1759, Lady Juliana Colyear, second daughter
of the Earl of Portman, made £2,226. Lady Juliana Colyear, by
Reynolds, £2,887 10s., and Mrs. James Colyear Dawkins by the same
painter, £1,995.
“Mrs. Walter Long and Baby, daughter-in-law of Right Hon. W. H. Long.
Photo, Queen, March 15th, 1918.
Lord Islington, in group of Public Service Commission at Madras. Sphere,
March Ist, 1913.
Col. T. C. P. Calley, Mrs. Calley, and Hannah Blake of Wilton 100 years
old. Three photos, Wiltshire News, March 14th, 1913.
Charles Penruddocke, High Sheriff. Photo, Wiltshire News, March 28th,
1913.
Police Sergeant Crouch, of Netheravon. Photo, Wiltshire Gazette, April
3rd, 1913.
Capt. John Spicer, Lady Margaret Spicer, and their son, Anthony Spicer.
Three photos, Weltshire Gazette, April 10th, 1913.
| CR. Stevens, of Chippenham, and John Edmund Halliday, of Warminster,
who died April 4th, 1913, aged 74. He was the litigant in the famous
144 Wiltshire Illustrations.
Warminster pew case in 1886, and 1887, some account of which is given
with his portrait. Photos, Wiltshire Times, April 12th, 19138.
The new Countess of Pembroke, Mr. and Mrs. H. L. Whytehead (s. of Rey.
H. R. Whytehead, of Warminster). Three photos, Queen, April 12th,
1918.
Lord Bath. Waltshire Times, April 26th, 1913.
John Moulton, of Bradford, Ernest J. White, of Trowbridge, S. J. Lawrence,
of Swindon. Photos, Wiltshire News, April 18th, 19138.
W. H. Carey, Chairman of Westbury ‘Rural District Council, and W. J.
Paine, Chairman of Warminster Urban District Coral Photos,
Walishire News, May 3rd, 1913.
Reginald, Lord Herbert, the new Earl of Pembroke. Photo, Sphere, April
5th, 1913.
Capt. Hoel Llewellyn, Chief Constable. Photo, Wiltshire Times, May 10th,
1913.
B. Weaver ; John King Harding, of Codford, donor of £500 to Waiineten
Cottage Hospital ; W. H. Cary, of Steeple Ashton Manor; and W. H.
Laverton. Four photos, Wiltshire News Pict. Suppt., May 2nd, 1913.
H. R.. Watts, vice-chairman of Westbury Board of Guardians ; W. H.
Lawson, of Swindon Works; Archie Archer, football player, of Swin-
don. Three photos, Wiltshire News Pict. Suppt., May 9th, 1913.
Percy L. Wyndham, s. of Rt. Hon. George Wyndham, of Clouds. Photo,
Bystander, Feb. 26th. Mr. and Mrs. Perey Wyndham. Photos, Dazly
Mirror, April 18th; Queen, April 26th; Sphere, April 26th. Hon.
Mrs. Perey Wyndham (Hon. Diana Lister). Photos, Bystander, Tatler,
Sketch, Feb. 26th; Ladies’ Field, March 1st; Queen, Country Life,
(full page), April 26th, 1913.
Miss M. S. Mann, of Hilperton (Mrs. C. Adamson), Photo, Wiltshzre Tvmes,
May 3\1st, 1913.
Miss Hilton, d. of Town Clerk of Swindon. Photo, Weltshire News, May —
23rd, 1913.
Hon. Christine Methuen. Photo, Queen, May 24th, 1913.
John W. Hall, of Warminster, with account of memorial to him.- Photo,
Wiltshire Times, June 7th, 1913. :
WILTSHIRE ILLUSTRATIONS.
Wootton Rivers Church, clock made of scrap iron. Photo, Hone Words,
Jan., 1913. : ;
Heale House. Photo, Architectural Supplement to Country Lave; Oct.
26th, 1912.
Bowood. “A tame Badger (from Bowood) and his Mistress ” C. F. ;
McNiven). Photo, Country Life, Oct. 12th, 1912.
Devizes. Avon Vale Hounds, meet in Market Place. Photo, Weltshire
Gazette, Nov. 14th, 1912.
Wiltshire Illustrations. 145
‘Swindon, meet of the V.W.H. Hounds, three photos. Melksham, opening
meet of the Avon Vale Hounds at the King’s Arms. Salisbury,
funeral of Charles Frampton, Crimean veteran who fired the first shot
at Inkerman. Waltshire News, Nov. 8th, 1912.
Ogbourne Ploughing Match. The judges, Team of oxen owned by Col.
T. C. P. Calley. Two photos, Wiltshire News, Nov. 15th, 1912.
Maiden Bradley. Class of boys of elementary school making beehive, and
laying a drain. Three photos, Wiltshire Times, Nov. 28rd, 1912.
Swindon. Mayor’s Sunday and farewell presentation to a Swindonian.
Four bad photos, Weltshire News, Nov. 22nd, 1912.
iCorsley School Garden Trophy Group, Wiltshire News, Nov. 22nd, 1912.
Old Sarum excavations. General view, chimney, museum, gargoyles, Lt.-
Col. Hawley. Five photos, Wiltshire News, Nov. 22nd, 1912.
Trowbridge. Meet of Avon Vale Hounds. Two photos, Wiltshire News
Nov. 22nd, 1912.
Westbury Church, Baptistry. Photo, Wiltshire News, Nov. 29th and Dec.
13th, 1912.
Salisbury, Engine accident on Amesbury road. Two photos, Weltshire
News, Nov. 29th, 1912.
Swindon, snapshots at the Xmas Cattle Show (three), The Show Officials
(group), Ambulance Competition. Photos, Waltshire News, Dec. 18th,
1912.
alisbury Xmas Market. Two photos, Wiltshire News, Dec. 13th, 1912.
alisbury New Rugby Football Team, Wilts Hockey Team, Marlborough
) Boy Scout’s Funeral (portrait an two photos), Floods in Swindon,
. Trowbridge Cattle Market (two). Eight photos on one page, Wiltshire
_ Times, Dec. 6th, 1912.
dington Church ; Cottages at Edington ; Bratton, Church and Downs ;
_ Cottage at Bratton; Keevil, Talboys; Cottages at Keevil. Six cuts,
_ Wiltshire Times, July 20th, 1912.
evizes Castle and St. John’s Church, two cuts; Silbury Hill, photo,
Wiltshire Times, July 13th, 1912.
Wilts Education Committee’s Elementary Schools Gardens Trophy. Photo,
| Wiltshire News, Nov. 22nd, 1912. Agricultural Education. Three
| photos, Wiltshire News, Nov. 29th, 1913.
jalisbury Skew Bridge motor fatality. Photo, Wiltshire News, Nov. 15th,
—~-1912.
Swindon, Mayor-making at. Photo, Wiltshire News Nov. 15th, 1912.
HlarlboroughChristmas Fat Stock Show (two); Corporation Dinner toWilton
| Yerritorials ; Salisbury, play at the Piclarnedhroune ; Mr. J. Creighton’s
| prize neifers : Wilts Regiment tragedy in 8. Africa, Private Waite
| Seated in the ded (two) ; Trowbridge v. Barrow, football (three). Ten
_ photos on one sheet, Wiltshire News, Dec. 20th, 1912.
Devizes, Town Criers’ Competition. Five photos on one sheet, and second
sheet of photos of all the criers. Weltshire Advertiser, Feb. 29th, 1912.
jalisbury Cathedral, old quire screen, the choir of angels, c. 1260. Photo,
' - Antiquary, Jan., 1913.
‘windon Carnival, children taking part in. Four photo groups, Wiltshire
News, Jan. 3rd, 1913.
OL. XXXVIII.—NO. CXIX. L
146 Wiltshire Illustrations.
Rood Ashton, recent visit of Mr. Bonar Law to (group); Trowbridgé
Christmas Pantomine (group). Photos, Wiltshire News, Jan. 10th
1913
The Pitman Centenary. Portraits of Sir Isaac, Alfred, and Ernest Pitman)
and eleven cuts of places connected with the former’s life at Trowbridg¢
and Bath, on one sheet with letterpress. Weltshire News, Jan. 10th
1913.
Wilton House, Meet of the Wilton Hunt at, three photos; Swindon’
match with Brighton on the County Ground, Swindon. Three photos
Wiltshire News, Dec. 27th, 1912.
Salisbury Eyesore (Telephone post) removed. Photo, Wiltshire News
Jan. 3rd, 1913.
(Trowbridge, Emmanuel Church, interior] cut, Wiltshire Times, Feb. 1s
1913.
Swindon Cup Tie (Football) Team, group. Wiltshire News, Jan. 17th, 1913
Purton Shooting Tragedy. two photos, Westbury Unionist Meeting, photo
Trowbridge Christmas Pantomime, group, photo; Wiltshire News§
Jan. 17th, 1913.
Swindon, R.A.O.B. Treat to Poor Children, three photos; Hockey Clu
Dance, two photos; Trowbridge Children’s Christmas Tree Party
Corsley Children’s Entertainment; Westbury, amateur dramatics§
Photos. Waltshire News, Jan. 24th, 1913.
Bradford Amateur Theatricals (two) ; Fairy Play at Stratton St. Margaretyy
Wilts Farriery School; Warminster Council at Dinner ; Group
Trowbridge Schoolboys; Christening Salisbury’s new Motor Fi
Engine (three). Photos on one sheet, Weltshire News, Jan. 31st, 1912
Swindon Amateur Theatricals ; Swindon and District League Football)
Trowbridge Schoolboys, group; Melksham Dramatic Club ; Salisbury
scene of drowning fatality ; Melksham, long service group. Six photo
on one sheet. Woltshire News, Feb. 7th, 1913.
Swindon Football Teams; G.W.R. Managers’ visit to Swindon; Avot
Vale Hounds at Yarnbrook ; Trowbridge Schoolboys; Salisbury St
Edmund’s Bellringers. Five photos on one sheet. Weltshire News
Feb. 14th, 1913.
Reception of Ist Batt. Wiltshire Regiment at Devizes on its return fron
Foreign Service. Reception in the Market Place, and Luncheon ij
the Corn Exchange. Photos, Wiltshire Gazette, March 6th; Waltshz:
Times, March 8th, 1913, with letterpress.
Swindon Fancy Dress Carnival at Skating Rink (two); Swindon, Amate
Theatricals (two); Salisbury, distribution of Soup (two); Sarum
Wanderers ; Salisbury Church Lads’ Brigade (three). Photos on on/
sheet, Wiltshire News, Feb. 28th, 1913.
Trowbridgians in Winnipeg (group). Photo, Wiltshire Times, March 22nd
1913.
Amesbury Abbey. Two good photos of front of house. Country Ly
Advertisement, March 8th, 1913.
Wiltshiremen’s Dinner at the Holborn Restaurant. Trowbridge Souj
Kitchen. Swindon Women’s Unionist Entertainment. Four photos
Wiltshire News, March 14th, 1913.
Wiltshire LIllustrations. 147
Swindon, Wedding of Miss Poppy Pakeman; An egg within an egg,
Melksham ; Salisbury Football Tournament. Four photos, Wiltshire
News, March 28th, 1913.
Hungerford, Hocktide Kisses. Photo, Datly Maal, April 4th, 1913.
Dhiseldon House and Carriage Drive (two) ; The Orchards, Rodborne ; and
Southbroom House. Four photos, Supplement to Country Life, Mar.
15th, 1913.
Amesbury, New Police Station. Photo, Wiltshire Gazette, April 10th, 1913.
30x Church. Cut. Wiltshire Times, April 19th, 1913.
inford, Cottage of Police Sergeant Crouch, with portraits of Crouch, and
Capt. Lewellyn (four photos) ; Children’s Cinderella, and Workhouse
Children’s Home, Swindon (three plates). Waltshire News, April 4th,
1913.
spittleborough. Snapshots taken at the V. W. H. (Cricklade) Point-to-Point
Races. Six photos on one sheet. Wiltshire News, April 11th, 1913.
Marlton Links, snapshots (five): Salisbury, Hamilton Athletic Football
Club. Photos, Wiltshire News, April 18th, 1913.
Vestbury Carnival. Two photos, Wiltshire Times, May 17th, 1913.
Windon, Messrs. Knox & Sadler’s premises, Reopening of Weslecott
- Bowling Green (four); Junior Cup Finalists (two) ; Baby Show Prize
_ Winners; Bradford and Shaw Football Teams (two); Broad Town
' Comic Football Match ; Warminster, Lambourne Girls’ School
Group ; Bradford Skittle Players. Photos, Wiltshire News Pictorial
Supplement, May 2nd, 1913.
wwindon, Re-opening of Bowling Green (five) ; Dinner Hour at the Works ;
Bands of Hope (three). Melksham, Avon Rubber Works Employés.
Warminster, Girls’ Club Group. Trowbridge, Adcroft School Group.
Photos, Wiltshire News Pictorial Supplement, May 9th, 1913.
Wilts Yeomanry in Camp (four). Burderop, Unionist Féte (five). Photos,
| Wiltshire News Pictorial Supplement, May 16th, 1913.
attery of Hon. Artillery Company moving across Salisbury Plain. Photo,
Graphic, May 17th, 1913.
little Park, Wootton Bassett. Interior of pannelled bedroom. Photo
| Country Life Advertisement, May 10th, 1913.
) owbridge, “The Prospect ” ones Photo, Country Life, Advertisement,
"May 10th, 1913.
Jauntsey Eiouse: Photo, Country Life Advertisement, May 3rd, 19138.
windon Elementary School Sports (four). Photos, Wiltshire INDI, May
28rd; Swindon National Reservists; Cricket Team ; V.W.H. Polo
Match ; W. J. G. Popjoy, postman aeunnalkety Five photos, Wiltshire
| Mews, May 30th, 1913.
Wwindon Agricultural Show. Photos, Daly Mail, June 5th, 1913.
tr. Walter Long presented with his portrait. Photo, Daly Mail, June
| 6th, 1913.
tee Mansion burnt by Suffragettes. Photo, Wiltshire Times, June
7th, 1913.
‘ilton Men i in Ontario. Photo group, Wiltshire Times, July 5th, 1918.
jvindon, Wilts Agricultural Show (10) ; Highworth Unionists ; Westwood,
Elms Cross burned down by Suffragists. Photos, Wiltshire News
Pict. Supp., June 6th, 1913.
L 2
148
ADDITIONS TO MUSEUM AND LIBRARY:
Museum.
Presented by Rev. G. R. Hanow: Red Throated Diver, found injured”
from flying against telegraph wires at Wylye, Feb., 1909:
See W.A.M., xxxvi., 140. |
sf » Rev. H. G. O. Kenpati: A series of Neolithic Flints from”
Golden Ball Hill, and others.
; ,» Rev. C. V. Gopparp: A large round stone “ Palette” or |
Rubbing Stone, and Conical Stone Rubber, formerly used |
by house painters to rub down their colours, from Fovant. |
Two Iron Clippers or Nippers (used formerly in cloth]
manufacture), from Trowbridge. |
Mr. W. Wacker: A pair of Iron Shearmen’s Shears, formerly}
used in the Trowbridge cloth factories, for putting a face}
on the cloth.
Mr. Youne: A number of objects from two pits cut through)
in making a reservoir on Winterbourne Monkton Dow ny
1913.
Mr. J. W. Brooke: Two Wiltshire 17th Century Tokens.)
Mr. A. D. Passmore: Plaster Cast of Dinosaurian spine;
found at prnaden:
Rey. E. H. Gopparp: Four Birds. Red Legged Partridge,
killed at Clyffe Pypard, 1888; Gull, found at Cly
Pypard, cir. 1837 ; Cuckoo, killed at Hilmarton, 1884 j)
Goat Sucker, shot at Cly ffe iaypard cir. 1895. 4
» Mr. G. Warrs: 17th century Hindon Token, unpublished,
Library.
Presented by Mr. H. E. Mepuiicorr: “ Wiltshire Gazette,” “ Salish ry
Diocesan Gazette,” and “ North Wilts Church M agazine,
for 1912. “ Dauntsey Agricultural School Mazazine,” five
numbers. “The Dauntsey Charity Scheme,” 1891, anc
Mr. Saunders’ Letters and Suggestions on the same, ane
‘Scheme of Board of Education,” 1909. Six photos 0
Tilshead Lodge, and old Windmill at Tilshead noy
destroyed, taken in 1907. ‘“ Family Prayers,” printed b
the Rev. J. H. Johnson at Tilshead, 1844. Three Wilt
Pamphlets. :
Additions to Museum and Library. 149
Presented by Mr. W. Hewarp Bet: Journal of the Geological Society ;
Transactions of Geologists’ Association.
Mr. NortH: Mounted photos of the Inscription on the
Cross, Devizes, Ruth Pierce's House at Potterne, the
Inquest, and the newspaper account of her death.
Miss DARTNELL: Wilts Postcards, cuttings, and scraps.
Miss Mirman: Wilts Postcards.
Mr. T. 8S. BusH: Report of Bath Branch of Somerset Arch.
Society, 1912.
Messrs. WHATLEY & Co.: Illustrated Particulars of Sale of
Cove House Estate, Ashton Keynes.
Rev. C. V. Gopparp: Salisbury Journal, and S. Wilts
Church Magazine, for 1912.
Rey. E. E. Dortine, the author: “ Leopards of England
and other Papers on Heraldry,” London, 1912.
Mrs. WorpswortH : “Sermons and Selected Prayers,” by
the late Bishop Wordsworth, 1912.
Mr. A. Scoompere : “ The Registers of All Cannings and
Etchilhampton,” 1905, and “The Registers of Bishops
Cannings, transcribed by J. H. Parry,” 1906.
C. O. GoucH: Three old Deeds connected with Swallow:
field (formerly in Wilts).
Mr. H. Cooper (through the Rev. J. F. D. Stephens) : M.S.
Copy of the Monumental Inscriptions of the Church and
Churchyard of Sevenhampton, and the Chapel Graveyard,
Highworth.
THE AuTHOoR (Canon W. C. Masters): “Some Notes on the
Ancient Church of St. Leonard, Stanton Fitzwarren,
Wilts ; and otherwise,” 1913.
Tue AuTHoR (Miss Ella Noyes): ‘Salisbury Plain, its
Stones Cathedral City Villages and Folk,” 1913.
Tue PuBLisHeRs (Messrs. Constable & Co.): “The Ick-
nield Way,” by Edward Thomas, 1913.
Mr. A. D. PassmorE: Two photos of a perfect carapace of
Turtle from the Kimmeridge Clay, Swindon, in possession
of the donor.
Tur Rev. G. R. Hapow: “The Registers of the Parish of
Wylye in the County of Wilts.” Large8vo. 1913.
Tue Proprietors: Wiltshire Times for 1912.
Miss BouvERIE: Waltshire Advertiser for 1912.
Rey. A. W.. Stote: Holy Trinity, Trowbridge, Parochial
Magazine, 1908—1912. Bound.
150
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Ache jealogiral md Sataral ii tary
MAGAZINE.
No. CXX. , DECEMBER, 1913. iO PROXOXGV IICE
Contents. PAGE
IN THE County of WILTS ARRANGED UNDER ParisHEes: By
‘The ena em eli Gro didainal savceacssasareacncccecey osu tock eecaneaisecuclinosor 153
WILTSHIRE MAGAZINE.
“MULTORUM MANIBUS GRANDE LEVATUR ONUS.’—Onid.
DECEMBER, 1915.
A LIST OF PREHISTORIC, ROMAN, AND PAGAN SAXON
ANTIQUITIES IN THE COUNTY OF WILTS.
ARRANGED UNDER PARISHES.
By Tue Rev. E. H. Gopparp:
¢
‘The compilation of this List has been in hand for a good many
years. It was originally begun for the purpose of the Prehistoric
ion of the Victoria History of Wiltshire, but masmuch as there
ears no prospect of that work seeing the light in the lifetime of
present generation, it has seemed worth while to put such
erial as has accumulated, into shape, and to print the list now,
h all its imperfections, rather than to wait indefinitely in the
e of making it more perfect in thefuture. Such a list can only
ihe best be approximately complete, and the present list makes
10 claim to beeven that. The section which deals with the Barrows
of the whole, but even in the case of the barrows the difficulty
Mf identifying those shown on the maps of Hoare’s Ancient Wilts
1 those shown by other authorities, such as Dean Merewether,
Rev. A. C. Smith, and the Ordnance Survey Maps, is often very
A large number of barrows have disappeared since Hoare’s
whilst some which are shown on the modern Ordnance 6 inch
more especially in North Wilts, are not marked on Hoare’s
at all. On the other hand a considerable number which still
have escaped the notice of the compilers of the Ordnance
L. XXXVIII.—NO. CXX. M
154 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
Survey. In the present List the barrows of each parish are numbered
separately,and the numbers as given in the List have been marked on
the set of 6 inch Maps of the County which have recently been pur-
chased for the Society’s Library. So that in the future any given
barrow may be referred to as “ Avebury 5,” or “ Bishops Cannings
32,” and its place can be found on the Ordnance Map, and the
various references to it in the List, without further trouble.
In the List the numbers of the barrows shown on the Ordnance
6 inch Map are given consecutively—barrows not shown on the
Map being distinguished by numbers with letters following within
brackets, thus :—[ 5a].
In the matter of earthworks no attempt has been made to
mention any but the more important Enclosures and Ditches in
each parish, as they are shown on the 6 inch maps. A complete
and accurate list of the ditches and minor earthworks, desirable as
it is, would of itself be the work of many years. The inclusion of
any earthwork in this List is meant to imply nothing as to its age.
It is impossible without examination to say what is the age of nine
out of ten of the earthworks of the county. Therefore except in
the case of a few obviously medieval “ moats,” the greater part of
the larger earthworks are given in the List.
Of the casual “ Finds” probably the majority of those of the
Bronze and Late Celtic periods are here recorded. On the other
hand it is impossible to record every find of Neolithic flints or of
Romano-British pottery or coins, both of which are scattered
broadcast over the chalk districts.
The “ British villages” of Hoare, and the Ordnance Survey, are
entered in the List under the heading of “ Roman” because the re-
mains found on these sites are largely of Romano-British age, but
it is highly probable that a large number of them were occupied in
Late Celtic and Pre-Roman times.
My thanks are due to very many who have helped me greatly
with information—more especially to Messrs. O. G. S. Crawford,
FS.A., T. J. E. Peake, A. D. Passmore, the Rev. H. G. O. Kendall,
F.S.A., and E. Thurlow Leeds, F.S.A. I have-also to thank the
Society of Antiquaries for the very kind loan of the Map of Salisbury
By the Rev. EH. H, Goddard. 155
Plain from their Library, with the barrows &c., identified upon it.
Above all I have to express my indebtedness to Mrs. Cunnington,
whose wide knowledge of the earthworks and barrows has been
ungrudgingly placed at my disposal, whilst her more detailed
enumeration of the Long Barrows of the county will be printed as
an Appendix to the present List.
It may probably be objected, especially by archeologists who do
not know the county, that the List would have been infinitely more
valuable if the compiler had personally visited all the Barrows and
Earthworks, Ordnance Map in hand, and verified on the spot their
existence and present condition. It is perfectly true that this
would have greatly enhanced the value and authority of the List,
‘but to attempt to carry it out would certainly have meant that the
‘present compiler would never have printed the List at all. As it
is, the Barrows round Stonehenge, and the whole of the Long
Barrows have been personally visited by Mrs. Cunnington, and her
“notes on them ave incorporated in the following pages. ;
I have only to add that I shall be very greatly obliged to anyone
who will send me notes of Wiltshire antiquities known to them
which are not here recorded.
Abbreviations used in the list :—
O.M.=Ordnance Survey Map, 6 inch scale, 2nd Edition, 1900—1904.
A.W.=Hoare’s Ancient Wilts, 1812—1821.
Arch.=A?rcheologia.
W.A.M.= Wiltshire Archeological Magazine.
Smith= British and Roman Antiquities of North Wiltshire. By the
Rev. A. C. Smith, 1884.
Stourhead Cat.=Catalogue of the Antiquities in the Museum at Devizes,
Part I., 1896.
Pro, Arch. Jnst., Salisb.=Proceedings of the Archeological Institute,
1849, Salisbury, containing Memoirs illustrative of the History and
Antiquities of Wiltshire 6
Soc. Ant. Map.=The 6 inch Ordnance Map, old edition, of the War
Office land on Salisbury Plain and the surrounding diginics on which
the Barrows, &c., were numbered and identified with Hoare, by A.
H. Lyell, F.S.A., in 1901. The numbers on the map are added in
this list.
M_E.C.=Mrs. M. E. Cunnington, whose notes on the present condition
of many barrows are given.
M 2
156 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities. |
ALDBOURNE.
Barrows.
[On Sugar Hill, S. of Whitecomb plantation 4 Barrows [1 to 4] in
line close together, opened by Canon Greenwell. O.J/. 23 NE.;
A.W. I. 37, Stations XI., XII.; Arch. LI. 45—49. The numbers in
Roman numerals are those given by Canon Greenwell. ]
1. [CCLXXVI.] Northernmost of the 4. Bell-shaped, wide ditch,
60ft. diam., 11ft. high. In centre a grave lft. 8in. long, and 2ft.
deep, with burnt bones of adult and small cup, 7 amber beads,
and bone pin with perforated head. Above this, on level of
ground, many burnt bones and charcoal. On E. side of barrow,
2ft. above surface, heap of burnt bones.
2. [CCLXXVII.] Bell-shaped, grave in centre 2ft. deep with skeleton,
flint arrowhead, and bronze dagger (Fg. 15). Fragment of
greenstone ground axe in body of the mound. Arch. LXI., 119,
Fug. 63.
3. [CCLXXVIII.] Bell-shaped, burnt bones in cist, with bone pin.
Flint saw, 3 scrapers, and pottery in body of the mound.
4. [CCLXXIX.] Southernmost of the 4. Bowl-shaped, cist in centre
lft. 4in. deep, with burnt bones with a single sherd of pottery
close to them. Above the cist, 14ft below the surface, were the
bones of young pig over four sarsen stones on the top of the
grave. Part of skull and parts of another skeleton on 8. side of
barrow. Animals bones and flint flakes in the body of the mound.
5, 6. [CCLXXX.] 100 yds. S.W. of group of 4 barrows are 2 close
together. O.M. 23 NE.; A.W. II. Stations XL, XII. One of
these opened by Canon Greenwell, 90ft. diam., 6ft. high. In
centre a pile of sarsen stones 20ft. in diam., 5ft. high. In centre
under them a heap of burnt bones on surface of chalk with two
incense cups (one with cover), of a type only found in Wilts
and the adjoining districts (Migs. 16 and 19), fragments of
bronze knife and 2 awls, 3 cylindrical notched vitreous beads,
2 amber and 1 lignite bead and joint of encrinite, flat ring and
pendant of lignite (%gs. 17, 18), shale conical button, 2 arrow-
heads, one barbed, the other triangular. Proc. Soc. Ant, 2nd
Series, viil., 175, figs.
7. [CCLXXXI.] 4-mile on W. of the group of 4, and 3-mile N.E. of
Warren Farm, on Sugar Hill. Opened by Canon Greenwell.
Cist in centre, with burnt bones and flint flake. O.J£ 23 NE.;
A.W. II. Stations XI., XII.; Arch. LIL. 53.
8. [CCLXXXII.] 4-mile N.W. of last, 4-mile N. of Warren Farm,
on Sugar Hill. Opened by Canon Greenwell. In centre a cairn
of sarsens without earth, 12ft. diam. and 5ft. high. Under them
a cist in the chalk 1ft. 7in. deep, with burnt bones, bronze knife-
dagger, and bone pin. Many flint flakes in body of the mound
O.M. 23 NE.; A.W. II. Stations XI, XII.; Ach. LII. 54.
by the Rev. LH. H. Goddard. To7
9—11. On Aldbourne Warren, opposite to and about 2 mile S.W.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16—
19.
of the group of 4, a gronp of 3 barrows close together, the large
one “The Giant’s Grave.” 0. 23 SE.; A.W. II. Stations
XI., XII. Apparently this was opened by Canon Greenwell as No.
CCLXXXIIL. Arch. LIL 55. 62ft. diam. x 8ft. high, a bell
barrow with wide ditch. A cist in centre 3ft. Zin. long x 2ft.
wide X lft. 2in. deep, containing burnt bones with bone pin
with quatrefoil head (/%y. 20), and part of another. 6 flint
scrapers in body of the mound.
[CCLXXXIV.] Opened by Canon Greenwell. Arch. LIT. 55
56. One of 2 barrows touching each other, said by him to be
200 yards south of the last, but really due west. The western-
most of the two, 64ft. diam. x 8ft. high. In centre a cist 1ft. 9in,
diam. X lft. 8in. deep, containing burnt bones, bone tweezers,
bone pin with perforated head, stone wristguard, and perforated
pendent of flat stone (Figs. 21—23). O.Uf. 23 SE.; A.W. IL.
Stations XI., XII.
[CCLXXXV.] Barrow on E. side of the last. Opened by Canon
Greenwell, Circular cist with burnt bones, globular incense cup,
and fragments of an “expanded” incense cup, and necklace of
13 beads, 10 of bone, 1 of shell, 2 of lignite (fig 14). O.M.23SE.;
A.W. 11. Stations XI., XII.; Arch. LIT. 56.
[CCLXXXVI.] About 1 mile N.W. of the last, 3-mile N.W. of
Aldbourne Warren Farm and just W. of the Swindon-Hungerford
Rd. Opened by Canon Greenwell. 80ft. diam. x ‘it. high.
Cist im centre with burnt bones, which had been enclosed in
wood, and the cist filled up with ashes. A bronze knife-dagger
on the bones. 3 flint scrapers in the mound. O.//. 23 NE.;
A.W. 11. Stations XI, XII.
All the objects found in the barrows above mentioned opened
by Canon Greenwell, are in the British Museum.
W. of the two barrows CCLXXXIV., CCLXXXV. O.1/.23 SE.
shows a single barrow, not in A.W.
18. 3 barrows close together just S. of road half-way between
Dudmore Lodge and Woodsend. O.//. 23 SE; A.W. II.
Stations XI., XII.
A barrow, 1 mile 8. of Liddington Castle, near parish boundary,
4-mile N.E. of Lower Upham, just on W. side of track. O.J.
23 NW.; A.W. IL. 38, Stations XI., XII.
[19a] Hoare shows W. of Peakswood, on Baydon boundary, a disc
barrow cut by the Ermine Street. A.J). II. 36, Stations XI.,
XII. Not on 0.2.
| Earthworks.
Banks and ditches cutting across the ridge of down, noticed by Hoare
near “ Peck’s Hill,” or Peak’s Down, apparently in Aldbourne. A.W.
_ II, 36 Stations XI., XII.
158 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Payan Saxon Antiquities.
Hoare notes bank and ditch on the lower slopes, following the hill from ~
Church Hillin Ogbourne St. George through Aldbourne to Liddington
Castle. O.Jf. 23 NW. and SW; A.W. II. 38, Stations XI., XII.
On Aldbourne Chase S. of Woodsend and N. of Chase Woods, 2 circular
earthworks, smaller one just S. of Rd. Aldbourne to Woodsend, the
larger one to S. of this. O.J/. 23 SE.
“Lewisham Castle ” earthwork, 200 yds. 8. of Stock Lane Farm. O.J/.
23 SE.
Small circular earthwork at end of ditch which runs W. over Ogbourne
St. George boundary to British village on Round Hill Down. Ap-
parently this is the “religious circle” mentioned by Hoare. O.M.
23 SW.; A.W. II. 39.
Finds, Neolithic.
Great numbers of fine flint scrapers, borers, knives, chipped and ground
flint celts and several ground celts of greenstone foreign to the
county in A. D. Passmore’s Collection.
From Stock Lane a great number of rough and rude long narrow
chipped flint celts and adzes and a small narrow ground flint celt.
A large flint tanged javelin head, flint fabricators, barbed and tanged
flint arrowheads, and many other implements in J. W. Brooke’s Coll.,
with a one-sided flint arrowhead with remarkable ripple flaking from
Stock Close Farm.
On North Farm 19 ground flint celts and one of other stone in collection
of W. Chandler.
On some sites in this parish implements are found in extraordinary
numbers.
Finds, Bronze Age. 3
Bronze awl (surface find), N. Farm. W.Chandler. W.A.W/. xxxvii. 148.
Bronze socketed looped slender spearhead, 1907, and part of socketed
celt from Upham. A. D. Passmore. W.A.MM. xxxvii. 141.
Bronze socketed looped spearhead. Brit. Museum. W.A.Jf xxxvii. 141.
Bronze socketed gouge, 3+in. long, Upper Upham, 1911. A. D. Passmore
W.A.M., xxxvii.,'455.
Finds, Late Celtic.
Upper Upham, 1907. Bronze bow brooch of “La Tene I.” type. J. W.
Brooke Coll. W.A.2. xxxv. 399, jig. 5.
British uninscribed silver coin, 1891. J. W. Brooke. W.A.Jf, xxvi. 415.
Roman.
Ermine Street forms boundary of Aldbourne and Baydon on N.E,
O.M. 23 NE.
Roman Rd. to Cunetio runs N. and 8. parallel with E. side of Midland
Railway and forms boundary of Aldbourne and Chiseldon for some
distance. O.J. 23 NW.
By the Rev. LE. H. Goddard. 159
Roman Well on North Farm opened by A. D. Passmore and W.
Chandler, 1912, to depth of 40ft. without reaching the bottom.
Upper Upham House surrounded by enclosures and banks of a large
“ British Village.” Roman buildings here. O.J/. 23 NE.
Snap Farm, just to S.W. of this, also surrounded by marks of “ British
Village.” O.M. 23 SE.
From Upham, many Roman coins, small bronzes, bracelets, iron spear-
heads, d&c., in collections of W. Chandler, J. W. Brooke, and Devizes
Museum. W.A.d/. xxx. 81; xxxv. 403, 504.
ALDERBURY.
Earthworks. In Alderbury or Standlynch? A mutilated earthwork
of squarish form, on elevated ground to EK. of rd. 8S. of Alderbury
village (not in O.J/.). A.W. 1., 230, Station VII.
Finds, Eolithic. Flints found by Dr. H. P. Blackmore in Alderbury
Hill gravel. Salisbury and Devizes Museums. W.A.M. xxxvi. 171.
Finds, Neolithic. Three fine celts, one ground all over, one partly ground,
one chipped only, found together. Blackmore Museum.
Finds, Bronze Age. Bronze socketed broad-bladed chisel of late and
unusual type, and part of socketed sickle found together in a field
beyond Mr. W. Osmond’s house. 1907. Blackmore Museum. W.A.J/.
XXXvil. 139, 140 (jigs.). .
Finds, Roman. Two T-headed bronze brooches, one of them enamelled.
Salisbury ,Museum.
ALDERTON.
Roman. The Fosseway runnning S.W. to N.E. forms the E. boundary of
the parish. O.M/. 12 NE. & SE.
ALL CANNINGS.
Barrows.
1, la. Tan Hill (St. Ann’s Hill), 2 barrows just S. of Wansdyke.
N.E. of Rybury Camp. O.M. 35 NW.
1b. Another a little to the S.E.on top of hill. O.2/. 35 NW. Smith
p. 115, viii. F. viii. c shows only one, the most easterly, probably
that opened by Thurnam, containing 2 circular cists in the chalk
filled with wood ashes, without burnt bones, with animal bones
in the mass of the mound. W.A.M. vi. 325.
All Cannings Down. [3 Barrows (2—4) some distance from each other,
all actually on the line of Allington boundary, about 3 to 1 mile N.
of Wansdyke, on W. edge of track to W. Kennett. O.M. 35 NW.]
2. The northernmost isa very large bowl-shaped barrow with ditch,
/ opened, no record. Smith p. 179. XII. G. vil. b.
160 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities,
3. The middle one, a low barrow. Smith p. 113. VIII. F. vii. 1.
4. The southernmost, a very small barrow much mutilated. Close to
this a bowl-shaped barrow formerly existed, destroyed about
1878, Smith p. 113. VIII. F. vii. n. m.
5, 6. 4mile to E. of No. 4 at the angle of a long ditch, 0.12. 35 NW. —
shows 2 small barrows close together. ? those shown by Snuth
p. 179. XII. G. vii. d, e. One (d)a large wide barrow probably
opened by Dean Merewether 1849, the other (e) bowl-shaped,
without ditch, apparently not opened. Proc. Arch. Inst. Salisbury
p. 100.
4 mile S.E. of these last and 7 mile N. of Wansdyke 0.17. 35 NW. shows
a group of 4 small barrows combined with an irregular earth-
work, apparently “Earthwork No. I.” explored by Dean
Merewether, with 3 barrows in the N. compartment of the
Earthwork and a mound with 3 sarsen stones on the top of it”
at the S.W. corner. This mound contained only fragments of
animal bones. Of the barrows
7—10 the two smaller in the N.E. corner contained only fragments of
pottery, charcoal, and animal bones. The third, a large barrow,
had been already opened, without record. Proc. Arch. Inst.
Salisbury, 100. O.M. 35 N.W. These may be (?) the doubtful
barrows shown by Smath VIII. F. viii. h, 1, 1.
11. +ofamile N.E. of these and near the Stanton boundary. O.1/_
35 NW. shows 1] barrow, apparently=Smith p. 181. XII. G.
villi. d., a bowl-shaped barrow, opened, probably by Dean
Merewether. Proc. Arch. Inst. Salisbury p. 100.
Earthworks.
All Cannings Down. Square enclosure 3 mile N. of Wansdyke. O. M7.
35 NW. ; Smith p. 115. VIII. F. vii. d.
All Cannings Down, a long ditch runs N. from Wansdyke over the down
for 2 mile, then turns at right-angle to W.,where Barrows 5 & 6 stand,
turning again to N. at Allington boundary close to Barrow 2 and to
N.W. over Allington Down. Notin Smith? OW. 35 NW.
Rybury Camp. 4 mile S. of Wansdyke and Tan Hill. Single vallum
& ditch on top of circular projecting spur from Tan Hill, with
outwork, much worndown. “Shows marks,” says Hoare, “ of great
antiquity.” Interior excavated for whitestone. A.W.1L.12; O.M.
35. NW. Smith p. 115. VIIL. F. viii. b. A ditch runs down steep
side on S.W., and many banks and ditches to the S. of Camp. Sith.
Wansdyke crosses parish from W. to E. just N. of Tan Hill. O.17. 35
NW.
Finds, Neolithic. 2 pieces of ground celt from site of Late Celtic settle-
ment at Cross Farm. W.A.M. xxxvii. 538.
2 ground flint celts. Blackmore Museum.
Large duck-billed flint scraper. J. W. Brooke Coll.
By the Rev. LH. H. Goddard. 161
Finds, Bronze Age. Small plain perfectly flat celt. Blackmore Museum.
W.A.M. xxxvii. 129.
Socketed looped celt. Blackmore Museum. W.A.Jf. xxxvii. 135;
Evans’ Bronze, 113.
Socketed looped spear head, small, on N. side of Tan Hill, 1886. Devizes
Museum. W.A.M. xxxvii. 141, fig.
Late Celtic. At Cross Farm below Rybury a Late Celtic inhabited site
excavated by B. H. and Mrs. Cunnington 1911. Over 300 flint and
50 sarsen hammerstones or mullers found on surface of field, also
conical quern. 9 pits found, pottery in great quantity of curious
type, no Roman or Roman British, spindle whorls, weaving combs,
saddle quern, fragments of crucibles, bones of Bos longifrons, sheep,
pig, red deer, roe deer, and horse. Devizes Museum. W.4.M.
XXXVI. 526, figs.
ALLINGTON (PEWSEY VALE).
Barrows.
1. Tan Hill. A Bowl-shaped Barrow S. of Wansdyke and just W. of
the Fair ground. OM. 35 NW. ; not in Smith.
2. To N. of Wansdyke, on E. side of track to Beckhampton. A very
low bowl-shaped barrow. This and 3 others in this neighbour-
hood, not to be identified, were opened by Dean Merewether in
1849. “Two of them contained cists with burnt bones, frag-
ments of rude unbaked pottery and bones of animals.” O.M.
35 NW.; Smith p. 115. VIII. F. viii. g.; Proc. Arch. Inst.
Salisbury, 100.
Earthworks.
Wansdyke crosses parish at narrowest point N. of Tan Hill. 0.4
35 NW.
Ditch leaves 8. side of Wansdyke and turns S8.W. on Tan Hill with
branches. O.M. 35 NW.
Allington Down N. of Barrow Allcannings 2, an oblong enclosure.
OM, 35. NW. % not shown by Smith.
Finds, Bronze Age.
‘ A portion of a gold torque of the late Bronze Age weight 23ozs. troy
found by flint diggers on Allington Down 1844, in possession of
the Earl of Ilchester. Proc. Arch. Inst. Salisbury, p. iii. fig. 31 ;
W.A.M. xi. 10; xxxvi. 435—438, fig.
Finds, Roman.
Small bronze Penannular brooch, Devizes Museum. W.A.M/. xi. 120.
N. of Tan Hill (@ what parish) Iron Spear Head, Knife, Awl, &c.
Devizes Museum. W.A.M. xxiii. 347.
ALTON BARNES.
1. Barrow just N. of Alton White Horse, large bowl-shaped, opened,
:
_ Barrows.
i norecord. O.J/. 35 NW.; Smith p. 113. XII. H. viii. g.
162 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
Earthworks.
Walker's Hill, says Hoare, is intersected by 2 banks each having the
ditch to the N.W. 4.W.II. 12. (? 0.1L)
Wansdyke crosses N. extremity of the parish. 0.1. 35 NW.
Just S. of Wansdyke, N.E. of White Horse, a small square enclosure
with another rather larger to S.W. of it. O.J. 35 NW.; Smith
p. 183 XII. G. viii. f, n.
ven Gay ac ehte- Flint fabricator and serrated flake. J. W. Brooke
oll.
Roman. Honey Street. Romano British settlement, with ditches, in-
terments, one skeleton with hob-nailed shoes, and pottery found
1906—1908. W.A.M. xxxvii. 205.
Bronze tweezers, casual find, 1909, Devizes Museum. W.A.M/.xxxvi.171.
ALTON PRIORS.
Barrows.
1. On Walker’s Hill, the point of down N. of village, just W. of line
of Ridgeway, “ Adam’s Grave” Long Barrow, very conspicuous
object, opened by Thurnam. O.M@. 35 SW. See Appendix,
Long Barrows.
2, 3, 4. A little N. of this, 3 barrows close together in line N. & S.,
two of them low, flat, and wide, the other very small, all opened,
no record. Two of them opened by Thurnam showed marks of
cremated interments. O.M@. 35 NW.; Smith p. 182, 183, XII. ~
H. viii. b, c, d; W.A.U. vi. 325.
5, 6. Just E. of these last and E. of the Ridgeway O.J/. shows a group —
resembling a long barrow with a round barrow at each end of it,
and another small one close at the S.W. Smith and Thurnam
speak of two bell-shaped barrows(h,i,) both opened without record,
connected by a dyke or causeway extending 60 yds S.E. and N.W.
O.M. 35 NW. & SW.; W.A.W. vi. 326 ; Smith p. 183. XII. H.
viii. h, i.
[6a.] Thurnam opened a small barrow (No. 11) under cultivation, 1ft.
high, to W. of Walker’s hill (? in Alton Priors). No trace of in-
terment found. This has apparently disappeared. W.A.M. vi.
325, [Not in O.M. or Smith.]
7. The very low barrow to the S.W. (j),opened by Thurnam (No. 19),
contained a few pieces of burnt bone and the carelessly-buried
skeleton of an infant near the centre, and the skeleton of a woman
at full length in a narrow grave on the W. side. Thurnam
suggests that both infant and woman are perhaps medieval
burials. O.M. 35. SW; W.A.M. vi. 326; Smith p. 183. XID
H. viii. j.
8. A barrow just N. of these at New Town on W. side of Ridgeway,
and at E. end of small rectangular earthwork. O.M. 35 N.W.
[Not shown in Smzth.]
By the Rev. LH. H. Goddard. 163
9. Large bowl-shaped barrow, just N. of Wansdyke at Red Shore,
with ditch, several sarsen stones round the S. end of it. Not
opened. O.M.35 NW. ; Smith p. 184. XII. H. viii. m.
At Knap Hill Camp on point of down E. of Walker’s Hill 2 small
barrows, within the camp and one outside on W. [L0—10b.]
0.M, 35. SW.
10. Small bowl-shaped barrow inside rampart on W. side, opened by
Thurnam (No. 21), 2ft. high with slight ditch. Circular cist in
centre 2ft. deep X 2ft. diam., containing ashes and burnt bones
only. Animals’ bones in the body of themound. A. JV. II. 11,12;
W.A.M, vi. 327; xxxvii. 43; Smith p. 184. XII. I. viii. c.
[10a.] The barrow inside rampart on E. side has been entirely dug |
away by flint diggers (1908). Smith p. 184. XII. I viii.d. Not
on O.M. |
[1Ob.] Low bowl-shaped barrow with ditch outside camp on W. |
Opened by Thurnam (No. 20). Nothing but animals’ bones |
found. Perhaps not a barrow. Smuzth p.-184. XII. I. viii. e; |
W. A.M. xxxvii. 53. Not on 0. M.
{10c.] A mound just outside N.W. corner of Knap Hill can, opened
by B. H. Cunnington, 1908, nothing found but a skeleton just
below theturf. ?abarrow. W.dA.M. xxxvii.58. Not on O.W.
Earthworks.
Knap Hill Camp, excavated by B. H. & Mrs. Cunnington 1908, 1909.
Single rampart and ditch of no great strength round about half
of the circuit, the remainder facing the precipitous descent to
Pewsey Vale shows little or no evidence of defence, except slight
rampart and ditch at S.E. corner. The ditch on N.W. side is not
continuous but cut up into a number of sections of varying length by
gangways of undisturbed chalk each 18ft. wide, corresponding with
gaps in the rampart. What was the object of this unique arrangement
does not appear. Pottery on floor of ditch shows that the old camp
was made in the Bronze Age if not in Neolithic times, and the ditch
had silted up before the triangular “plateau enclosure ” was added
to the N.E. end of the camp in the Late Celtic period. ‘This probably
continued in occupation throughout the Roman period. Roman pottery,
T-shaped fireplace, &c. It was occupied again in the 17th century.
Objects found in Devizes Museum. O.M. 35 SW.; A.W. ID. 11;
W.A.M. xxxvii. 42 figs. & plans.
A slight bank not 1ft. high leaves camp on S. side and descends the
most precipitous part of the escarpment into Pewsey Vale, called
“The Devil’s Trackway.” For what purpose? Too steep for path.
W.A.M. xxxvii. 46.
A small square enclosure N. of Walker’s Hill Long Barrow and just W.
of New Town. 0.4.35 NW. Shown but not numbered, Smith XII.
H. viii.
164 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Suxon Antiquities.
Wansdyke crosses N. corner of parish running §.W. to N.E., crossing —
the Ridgeway. O.M. 35 NW.
The Ridgeway crosses the Wansdyke at Red Shore, descends into
Pewsey Vale between Walker’s Hill and Knap Hill, passes just E. of —
Alton Priors Farm and Church, and to E. of Honeystreet, where its —
course is no longer visible. O.M.35 NW & SW; A.W. IL. 45.
Finds Neolithic, Golden Ball Hill[partly in Wilcot] is strewn with
numbers of worked flints, cores, scrapers, hollow scrapers, hammer-
stones, &. H. G. O. Kendall, Devizes Museum. O.M. 35 NE. ;
WAM, xxxvil. 42; xxxviii. 148.
Finds, Late Celtic. Iron brooch of La Tene III. type, &c., found in
Plateau enclosure of Knap Hill Camp. W.A.M. xxxvii., 62 fig.4.
Finds Roman,
Pottery, Samian, é&c., of 2nd century, Iron Key, Nails, &c., in Plateau —
enclosure of Knap Hill Camp. W.A.M. xxxvii. 62. figs. -y
Finds, Saxon. Iron sword of 6th century 35in. long found in Plateau
enclosure of Knap Hill Camp. Devizes Museum. W.A.M. xxxvii.
o4 fig.
ALVEDISTON.
Barrows.
1. Barrow just W. of road and E. of Coombe, 4 mile N.W. of Church
O.M. 69 SE. Not on A.W.I. Stations viii., ix.
2, 3. Two Barrows close together on Trow Down N. of the Ox
Drove. O.Jf.74 NE.; A.W. 1. Stations viii. ix. :
4. Another just to the S. of the last two. OW. 74 NE.; A.W. I
Stations vill. 1x.
Earthworks. ;
On border of Alvediston and Ansty, N. of Crockerton Firs, a deep ©
ditch cuts across the Ox Drove or Ridgeway, running nearly E. & W.,
just 8. of British Village, which has a slight entrenchment. O.J/. 69
NE.; A.W. I. 249, Stations viii, 1x.
Another short line of ditch to S. of the last. O.J/.69 SE.
At point of junction of Alvediston, Berwick St. John, and Ansty on
White Sheet Hilla bank and ditch of great strength. A.W.69 SE.;
A.W. I. 249, Stations vill. 1x.
AMESBURY.
Barrows. [The second numbers in brackets thus (15) are those in
Hoare’s “ Map of Stonehenge and its Environs.” A.W. L
170.]
1—3. (14) Stonehenge Map shows a group of 2 larger and 6 very
small barrows close together just on N. side of Deptford Rd. 5.
of Fargo Cottages. OW. 54 SW. shows only the 2 larger (1
and 2) and one small one (3) close to edge of road. These bar-
rows were opened by Hoare 1802. The small barrow nearest
By the Rev. FE. H. Goddard. 168
Amesbury, now gone, contained the “Stonehenge Urn” 223in.
high X 15in. diam., nearly full of burnt bones and covered with
a large triangular stone. Devizes Museum. A. JV. I. 126, Pl.
xvi. ; Stowrhead Cat. 257 fig; Tumuli Wiltunenses Pl. I. ; Soc.
Ant. Map 479, 480. In another of these barrows a small sock-
eted looped bronze spearhead was found just under the turf
wrongly identified by Thurnam (Arch. xlili. 447) as found in
a barrow at Wilsford. Devizes Museum. Stourhead Cat. 26
jig.; WAM. xxi. 262; xxxviil. 94 fig. [1 and 2 are still
considerable, 1913, 3 shows faintly, the 5 small ones parallel
with road are gone, all under plough, M.E.C.]
Group of 8 Barrows 4—-10 (15—22) just W. of Stonehenge
shown on Stonehenge Map, of these all except (15) are shown on
O.M. 54.SW. [4 to 9 are all under plough, 1913, M.E.C. |
4. (16) Large Barrow. Cist in chalk with burnt bones, small
bronze knife dagger and awl. Above this on floor of barrow 2
skeletons. Probably that opened by Stukeley who found frag-
ments of the bluestones in it (Stonehenge 46). Hoare found
sarsen fragments from Stonehenge in the mound. O.M. 54
SW.; 4.W. I. 127; Stourhead Cat. 28; Soc. Ant. Map. 496.
5. (18) Opened by Hoare 1802, nothing found, had then been “in-
jured by rabbits.” O.M. 54 SW. ; A. W.1.127; Soc. Ant. Map.
497.
6. (19) Opened probably by Ld. Pembroke or Stukeley, and by
Hoare 1802. Grave with skeleton. O.Jf. 54 SW. ; A.IV.1. 127;
Soc. Ant. Map. 495.
7. (21) Opened by Hoare, nothing found. O.W. 54 SW.; A.W. I
127; Soc. Ant. Map 498.
8. (20) Opened by Hoare and previously, A skeleton. O.M, 54
SW.; A.W. I. 127; Soc. Ant. Map. 493.
2. (22) Opened by Hoare, nothing found. O.Jf. 54 SW.; A.W. I.
127; Soc. Ant. Map 494.
10. (15) Disc barrow, opened by Hoare, burnt bones. O.1/. 54 SW. ;
A.W. I. 127; Soc. Ant. Map 499. [In good condition, 1913
M.E.C.]
10a. (17) “Small Long Barrow” opened by Hoare, nothing found.
A.W. I. 127; not on O.W. 54 SW.
’
11. (23) Bell-shaped barrow just S. of Warminster Rd., E. of Stone-
henge, within wire enclosure. Opened twice by W. Cunnington.
Large urn inverted over burnt bones with bone tweezers.
O.M. 54 SW.; A.W. I. 128; Stourhead Cat. 139 fig. ; Soc. Ant.
Map 492. [Good condition 1913, M.E.C.]
166 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
[Lla—11d.] (12) Group of 4small barrows close together W. of —
Fargo Cottages and Stonehenge. One opened by Hoare con-
tained a rude urn, burnt bones, and fragments of twisted wire
bracelet. Devizes Museum. A.V. I. 126: Stourhead Cat. 208.
The other three barrows had been ploughed over in Hoare’s
time. Not on O.1f.54SW. [No trace to be seen 1913, M.E.C.] —
{[11le.] (13) Disc-shaped barrow close to Fargo Cottages, opened by —
Hoare, burnt bones only. A.W. I. 126; not on O.J/. 54 SW. ;
[No trace to be seen 1913, M.E.C.]
12,13. Two small barrows inside the vallum of Stonehenge, opened
by Hoare. That on N.W. had burnt bones only, that on S.E.
nothing. O.M@.54 SW. ; A.W.1.145; Soc. Ant. Map 500, 501. —
14. (165) Small Long Barrow just 8. of Deptford Rd. W. of Stone-
henge, exactly opposite Barrows 1—3. Opened by Hoare,
nothing found. O.Jf. 54 SW.: A.W.1. 206; Soc. Ant. Map
481. [Condition good 1913, M.E.C.]
15. (164) Finest Bell Barrow near Stonehenge, just S. of last, near
Normanton Gorse. 145ft. diam. x 144ft. high. Opened by
Hoare. Ina shallow cist a skeleton with head to N.E., lying on
“a plank of Elm wood.” On the left side of head a fine bronze
dagger which had had a wooden sheath, and a small knife dag-
ger. At the feet a richly ornamented drinking cup, and stag’s
horns at head and feet. Three pieces of oak wood had radiated
from the skeleton to the surface of the barrow, the holes and
remains of wood found. Devizes Museum. O.M. 54 SW.;
Stourhead Cat. 126; A.W. I. 205, 206; Soc. Ant. Map 482. —
{Much injured by rabbits, 1913, M.E.C.]
16. (135) Barrow S,E. of Stonehenge and W. of Luxenborough.
Opened before Hoare’s time. O.1/.54SW.; A.W. I. 199; not
in Soc. Ant. Map.
17 [17a]. (136, 137.) Two small barrows just on Wilsford boundary
i-mile 8. of last, the easternmost of Normanton Down Group.
O.M.60 NW. shows only one (136). Both opened before Hoare’s’
time. A.W.1I.199; notin Soc. Ant. Map. [Small but condition
good, grass, 1913, M.E.C.]
18, 19 [19a] (19b]. (131—134). Group of 4 barrows near together
shown on Stonehenge Map of which 2 only remain in Luxen-
borough plantation. The other two not visible 1913, M.B.C. It
cannotbe said which of Hoare’s numbers still remain. OW.
54 SE; A.W. I. 199; Soc. Ant. Map 526, 527.
(131) Opened before Hoare’s time.
(132) Opened by Hoare, deep cist with many burnt bones, 2
drinking cups, 2 incense cups, 2 bronze awls. A.W. I. 199
Pl. xxiv. ; Stourhead Cat. 123, 123a.
(133) Large barrow, opened by Hoare. Burnt bones in cist with
grape cup. A.W. I. 199 Pl. xxiv. ; Stourhead Cat. 119 fig.
(134) Opened before Hoare’s time.
By the Rev. E. H. Goddard, 167
{To W. of (184) was West Amesbury Penning, of which Aubrey says
there were 5 small barrows with stones “at the end of the Grave”
destroyed cir. 1640. A.W. I. 198.]
Group of 3 small barrows 20—22, (128—130) close together in line in
round plantation + mile N. of Luxenborough plantation, S. of
Amesbury Rd. O.1M.54SE.; A.W. I. 199.
20 (128). Opened before Hoare’s time. - Soc. Ant. Map 524.
21 (129). Opened by Hoare, burnt bones in cist with bronze knife
dagger. Soc. Ant. Map. 525.
22 (130). Opened by Hoare. Skeleton in grave 4ft. deep, which had
been disturbed before, and bronze objects abstracted ; above this
burnt bones ; and nearer surface on EH. side 2 skeletons of infants
each placed over the head of a cow, and the skeleton of adult with
drinking cup. Not in Soc. Ant. Map.
23. Coneybury Hill, “King Barrow ” half-way between W. Amesbury
and Luxenborough. Very large brass weapon like poleaxe of
20lbs. weight said by Stukeley (Stonehenge 46) to have been found
init. O.M.54SE.; 4.W.1. 198; Soc. Ant. Map 528.
[One of two bell-shaped barrows enclosed in one ditch, S. of Stonehenge
“close upon the road from Wilton and on the east side of the
road.” Opened by Ld. Pembroke 1722. Skeleton near top.
Stukeley Stonehenge, 44.]
24. Large barrow in centre of Vespasian’s Camp, opened 1770. Cre-
mated interment with fine bronze dagger 83in. long with 2 rivets,
and bronze pin 54in. long with crutch head (?). O.1f 54 SE;
A.W. 1.160. Not on Stonehenge Map. See 25.
25. Smaller barrow to N. of last, in centre of Vespasian’s Camp, cut
through by path, opened 1770, flat bronze dagger knife 42in.
long. Pen sketches of objects found in 24 and 25 in Gough’s
copy of Horsley’s Britannia Romana in Bodleian. O.M. 54,
SE. ; not mentioned by Hoare, oron Stonehenge Map ; Cunnington
MSS. II. 173.
26—37. “Seven Barrows” in line S. to N. from N. side of Amesbury
Rd. towards E. end of cursus, in plantation, called by Stukeley
“The New King Barrows” all shown on O.1/.54. SE. [Allin wood
and thickly covered with undergrowth, 1913, M.E.C.] The line
was continued N. towards end of Cursus by another seven called
by Stukeley “ The Old King Barrows” of which O.W/. 54 SE.
shows 5 only. All 14 were planted with trees in Hoare’s day
and were not opened by him. Aubrey says some of them had
been opened in his day. A.W. I. 155, 157, Stonehenge Map ;
Soc, Ant. Map 521, 520, 519, 518, 517, 516, 515, 514, 513, 399, 398,
397. Stukeley records that in 1666 “ one of the 7 barrows being
digged up they found coals, goat’s horns, and stag’s horns.”
W.A.M. xvi. 147. [33 and 34 are in thick plantation; 35—
168 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities,
37 have a few trees on them but are otherwise clear. Site of —
[37a] is just traceable, in ploughed ground. Of the 7th nearest
the Cursus, no trace visible, 1913, M.E.C.]
38. Barrow W. of Vespasian’s Camp, midway between camp and Rd. ~
O.M. 54. SE.; A.W. Stonehenge Map ; Soc. Ant. Map 531.
[38a.] (125) Barrow in ploughed land N. of Vespasian’s Camp, half- ©
way between the Camp and Durrington Walls, not opened by
Hoare. A.W. I. 170; not on O.M. 54 SE. [No trace, 1913, |
M.E.C.]
[39 b, c.] (126,127) Two barrows close together just NE. of the N.
point of Vespasian’s Camp, not opened by Hoare. A.W.I.170; ©
not on O.M. 54 SE. [No trace, 1913, M.E.C.]
39. (26) Barrow close to N. side of Rd. just W. of ““Seyen Barrows ”
(26—37) opened by Hoare. Burnt bones, beads and buttons
of jet andamber. OJ. 54SE.; A.W. 1.159 ; Stourhead Cat., —
160d—160g; Soc. Ant. Map. 523. [Much spread by cultivation, —
still under plough, 1913, M.E.C.]
[39a.] (24%) Flat barrow 4-mile N. of last between Avenue and
“Seven Barrows,’ opened by Hoare. Skeletons of adult and
child in grave. A.W.1. 159; not on O.W. 54. SE. [Not visible
1913, M.E.C.]
40. (25%) Barrow close to the last, opened by Hoare. Skeleton with
Drinking Cup and Bone Pin. A.W. I. 159; OL, 54, SE. ; Soc., —
Ant. Map 522. (Turf. 1913, never ploughed, M.E.C.]
41. (27). Barrow $ mile N.E. of 40. W. of “Old King Barrows.”
Opened by Hoare. Skeletons of two adults and 2 children. On
arm of one adult a broad bronze bracelet. Devizes Museum.
O.M. 54 SE.; A.W. I. 160; Arch. xiii. 469 fig. 172; Evans’
Bronze, fig. 480; Stourhead Cat. 160 ; Soc. Antig. Map 512. [Much —
spread by cultivation, still under plough 1913, M.E.C.]
42. The bank lying N. & S. at the E. end of the cursus, just N. off
Barrow 37, “Tbe Old Kings Barrows” is marked « Tumulus”
in 0.M. 54 SE, as though it was a long barrow. Hoare does not _
mark it as a barrow, but says it resembles one. A.W. I. 158;
Arch. xli. 197; Soc. Ant. Map 396. [Under plough, 1913,
M.E.C.] See Appendix, Long Barrows.
An irregular line of 13 barrows (48—55) running E. & W. just 8. of
the cursus, all on 0.1. 54 SW: and Stonehenge Map.
43 (28). Opened by Ld. Pembroke 1722. A.W. I. 161; Soc. Ant.
Map., 378. [Condition good 1913, never ploughed, M.E.C.]
44. (29) Twin barrow, opened byStukeley 1723. In one barrow burnt
bones of girl of 14 in urn, numbers of cylindrical notched glass
beads, amber piates and beads,many buttons of shale? one covered
with thin gold, bronze knife dagger and awl. The second barrow
enclosed in same ditch partially opened by Stukeley, again by
By the Rev. H, MH. Goddard... 64). 169
W. Cunnington 1803, contained cist. with burnt bones and 6 horn
beads, a skeleton above this near the surface, Stukeley Stone-
henge 44 Pl. xxxii.; A.W. I. 161, 162; W.A.M,. xvi. 145; Soc.
Ant, Map 377. [Condition good 1913, never ploughed, M. E C.]
45 (30). Very large bell barrow 15ft. high. Opened by Hoare. Cist
full of wood ashes, burnt bones on floor of barrow. A.W. I. 162 ;
Soc. Ant. Map 376. [Condition good 1913, never ploughed,
M.E.C.]
46 (31). Opened by Hoare. Burnt bones on floor of barrow, small
bronze knife dagger. Devizes Museum. A.W.I. 162; Stourhead
Cat. 129; Soc. Ant. Map. 375. [Condition good 1913, never
ploughed M.E.C.]
47 (32). Large bell barrow, opened by Hoare, burnt bones. A.W. I.
162; Soc. Ant. Map374. [Condition good, 1913, never ploughed.)
48 (33). Disc-shaped barrow, vallum outside ditch, no mound in
centre. Opened by Hoare. Burnt bones in cist with amber,
glass, and stone beads. A.W. I. 163: Stourhead Cat. 160a—160c.
160h ; Soc. Ant. Map 373. [Condition good 1913, never ploughed.
49,50. (34, 35) Opened by Hoare, nothing found. A.W. I. 168 ;
Soc. Ant. Map 336, 478. [Condition good, 1918, never ploughed. |
51. (36) Opened by Hoare. Skeleton in grave 6ft. deep, above it
on floor of barrow another skeleton with drinking cup, above
this a third. Devizes Museum. A.W.1I. 163 Pl. xvi.; Stour-
head Cat. 180; Soc. Ant. Map 477. (Condition good, 1913,
never ploughed, M.E.C.]
52. (37) Barrow just on E. edge of Fargo plantation, opened by
Hoare. Cist with ashes and burnt bones. A.W. I. 163; Soc.
Ant. Map 335. [Condition good, 1913, never ploughed, M.E.C.]
53. (38) Barrow in Fargo plantation, opened by qiioane, nothing
' found. Soc. Ant. Map 334.
54. (39) Bowl-shaped. barrow close to S. bank of Cursus in Fargo
plantation. Opened by Hoare. Skeleton in grave with drink-
ing cup, flint dagger, and polished stone. Abovethis a skeleton
of a woman with “a kind of bason” and quantity of beads.
Nearer surface a third skeleton with drinking cup. Devizes
Museum. A.W. I. 163. Pl. xvii.; Evans’ Stone 315 ; Stour-
head Cat. 84—85a, 88, 88a; Soc. Ant. Map 331. [38 and 39
overgrown with bushes and nettles and much defaced by rabbits
1913, MEC.]
55. (40) Largest Barrow near Stonehenge on boundary of Fargo
plantation and parish, near the Rd. Opened by Hoare, noth-
ing found. A.W.1I. 164; Soc. Ant. Map 332, [Much defaced
by rabbits, apparently never ploughed, 1913, M.E.C.]
56. (43) Barrow inside W. end of cursus and Fargo plantation, close
to parish boundary, just N. of the last. Opened by Hoare.
Skeleton in shallow grave with bronze dagger and polished
banded flint pebble. On the floor of the barrow skeleton of a
)L. XXXVIII.—NO. CXX. N
170 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities,
4
3
child, and nearer surface, skeleton of adult with drinking cup,
O.M. 54.5W.; A.W. 1. 165; Evans’ Stone 419 ; Stourhead Cat,
89,90; Soc. Ant. Map 330. [Much injured by rabbits, 1913,
M.E.C. ;
[The barrow close on W. side of this is in Winterbourne
Stoke. ] .
57. Ratfyn Barrow just on N. side of Andover Rd., 4-mile SW. of
Ratfyn, E. of river. O.J 54, SE.; A.W. I. Station VI. ; Soe.
Ant. Map 532.
58. Barrow just on N. side of Andover Rd. 14 miles from Amesbury,
near New Barn. O.J/. 54 SE.; A.W. I. Station VI. ; Soc. Ant,
Map. 533.
59. A long or oval barrow 300 yds. W. of Cross Roads, N. of Andove
Road a little E. of 58. OW. 55 SW; A.W. I. Station Ve
shows this as a round barrow ; Soc. Ant. Warp 561.
60. Barrow close iat N. end of the last. OW. 55 S.W.; A.W.
Station VI.; Soc. Ant. Map 534.
61. Barrow to E. of last, N. of Andover Rd. at Cross Roads. O.M:
55 SW.; A.W. 1. Station VI.; Soc. Ant. Map 535.
62. Barrow to E. of last, N. of Andover Rd. beyond Cross Roads
OW. 55 SW.; A.W. I. Station VI. ; Soc. Ant. Map 536.
63. Barrow on N. edge of Andover Rd. partly destroyed by Rd. at 2
miles from Amesbury. O.M. 55 S.W.; A.W. I. Station VL:
Soc. Ant. Map 537.
[63a.] 4.W.I. Station VI. shows a barrow a little to the N. of €
not in O.J/, 55 SW.
64. Barrow a little distance further EK. just on N. side of Rd. andl i)
parish boundary. O.M.55 SW.; A.W. 1. Station VI.; Soc. Ant
Map 538.
65. Barrow at Cross Roads, S. of Andover Rd. & E. of Marlborollll
Rd. 0.4.55 SW. ; A.W.1. Station V. South ; Soc. Ant. Map 550.
[65a.] A.IW. 1. Station V. South shows a second barrow here close t
65, not in 0.17. 55 SW.
66. Barrow just S.fof Andover Rd. at 2 milesfrom Amesbury. 0.
55 8.W.; 4.1. I. Station V. South ; Soc. Ant. Map 539.
67—75. On Earls Farm Down S. of the line of the ditch and Andoye'
Rd., E. of the Mariborough Rd., and W. of Beacon Hill Cops
0.55 S.W. shows a scattered group of 9 barrows. A. W.I.Statio
V. South shows only 8 here ; Soc. Ant. Map. 554, 555, 551, 40
553, 556, 558,-560, 564. (This map (0.Jf, 1889) shows anothe
barrow 557 touching 72. This is not on O.JZ. 1900.)
76—84. S. of Earls Farm Downand close to railway, W. of Boscomb
West Down, 0.1. 61 NW. and A.W. I. Station V. Sou
both show a group of 9 barrows close together, which the latte
marks as “ Newton Barrows.” Of these 8 are N. of the railwa:
and one just on S. edge of the line. Not in Soc. Ant. Map.
85, Barrow $mileS.W. of last group on boundary of [dmiston. 0..
61 NW.; A.W. I. Station V. South.
_ By the Rev. HL. H. Goddard. 171
86, 87. Disc barrow? and a small barrow close on 8.W. of it, near
Idmiston boundary, just W.of 85. O.J/.60 NE.; A.W. Station
V. South shows only one here. 86 to 92 not in Soc. Ant. Map.
88. Barrow on the ditch about 4 mile N.W. of the last at 7 miles
from Salisbury on Salisbury— Marlborough Rd., on E. side of it.
O.M. 60 NE.; not in 4.W. Station V. South.
89. Barrow just N.E. of the last. OJ. 60. NE. ; A.W. Station V.
South.
90. Barrow +-mile N. of Porton Firs, E. of Marlborough Salisbury
Rd. at junction of track from Amesbury Workhouse. O.Jf. 60,
NE. ; ?shown on A.W. Station V. South. [A.W. I. Station V.
South shows apparently a barrow W. of Porton Firs and another
N. of this, not on O.1/. 60 NE.]
91. Triple barrow enclosed in one ditch, 4-mile 8. of Old Down
Barn. O.17.60 NE.; A.W. 1. Station V. South.
92—94. Group of 3 barrows close together on Amesbury Down near
river, opposite to Normanton Farm, 1 mile S. of W. Amesbury.
0... 60. NE.; A.W. I. Station V. South shows only 2 here.
[94a]. A.W. Station V. South shows a barrow on S. edge of river
opposite Vespasian’s Camp. Not on O.W7. 60. NE.
| Zrratum.—On p. 166 above No. 17 should be 137 of the Stone-
henge Map not 136.]
A small vessel about 34-in. high in shape of a drinking cup,
covered with thong ornament from “a barrow at Stonehenge.”
Salisbury Museum.
A bronze sword said to have been found ina barrow near Stone-
henge, and “all the bones of a horse ” in a barrow “‘ Kast of
Ambersbury.” Stukeley Stonehenge, 46.
Perforated axe hammer of dense black stone “from barrow near
Stonehenge.” British Museum, Evans’ Stone, 190.
Ground celt of dark stone formerly in Leverian Museum ‘from
barrow near Stonehenge.” Arch. xliii. 406.
Flint knife with ground edge “from barrow near Stonehenge.”
| Evans’ Stone, 262.
Small narrow chipped flint celt found on barrow near Stonehenge.
Devizes Museum Cat. 11. 30a.
i Hammerstones of flint and sarsen and ground flint implement from
site of barrows near Stonehenge. Devizes Museum Cat. II. 59, |
62.
fonehenge and its Earthworks.
'A slight earthen vallum with ditch outside it surrounds the monument
except where the avenue of approach cutsit onthe N.K. Just inside
the vallum at N.W. and 8.E. points are two stones, whilst two small
barrows (12, 13) also just inside the vallum are near the N. and S.
points. About 100ft. inside the ditch was an outer circle of 30 up-
' rights about 12ft. high and 4ft. apart covered with « row of 28 lintels
N 2
172 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
or imposts. Each upright had 2 projecting tenons at the top fitting
into mortice holes at each end of the imposts. The ends of the im
posts were also morticed so as to form a kind of toggle joint with
each other. Inside this outer circle was an inner circle of smaller
“ bluestones” composed of primary rocks foreign to Wiltshire.
single impost now prostrate suggests that this inner circle may also
have had imposts. Inside this inner circle five great trilithons of
two uprights and an impost, arranged in horseshoe fashion facing the
N.E., the central trilithon being the highest. Inside this a series of
“)bluestones” about 8ft. high arranged also horseshoe fashion. In
front of the central trilithon a flat recumbent stone, the altar stone
The axis of the structure ran through the opening of the great
trilithon across the altar stone N.E.down the centre of the ‘‘ avenue”
over the recumbent “slaughter stone,” lying in the centre of the |
avenue, and the point of the upright ‘‘ Hele Stone ” or “ Friars Heel” ©
standing in the avenue near the road. The avenue itself, formed by |
two parallel banks and ditches, runs N.E. for about 600 yards, and
then divides into two branches, one running N. to the “‘ Cursus” the
other eastwards. Of the original 30 uprights and’ 28 lintels of t
outer circle of sarsen stones, 17 uprights and 6 lintels remain zm s2
Of the inner circle of “‘ Bluestones” 11 remain. Of the 5 trilithons
are perfect, one stone (formerly the “ Leaning Stone” but set uprig
trilithon, are standing.
The altar stone is of micaceous sandstone, 2 of the ‘‘ bluestones”
argillaceous sandstone, the rest chiefly of Porphyritic Diabase.
has been suggested that these are erratic blocks from glacial drift
Salisbury Plain, but no such erratic blocks have ever been found
Wilts, and these stones must have come from a distance, from W.
Cornwall, or N. Devon possibly. The sarsens came probably f
uprights of the trilithons had been set up from the dnszde of #
circle. Hence sarsens and bluestones must have been erected at the:
same time, and the whole building is contemporaneous, About 100)
very rough flint implements and flint and sarsen hammerstones were
found, together with several large mauls of sarsen weighing from 44
to 64 lbs., used as packing round the base of the uprights. These
were ne Dr. Gowland believes, the mauls in pounding the surface
of the sarsens into grooves, the sarsen hammers in working dow
the surface of the sarsens, and the flints possibly in working the
softer bluestones to a face. The whole face of the “ leaning-stone ”
underground was pitted with small holes, A single stain of copper|
or bronze was found. Dr. Gowland believed that this points to the
conclusion that the building was erected about the time of the in-
troduction of bronze, or the end of the Neolithic period, 7.
1800 B.C. Sir Norman sa on astronomical grounds puts t he
By the Rev. E. H. Goddard... | 173
date at 1500 to 1900 B.C. All evidence points to its being a Sun
Temple, the sun rises over the Hele Stone and shines directly on the
altar stone and central trilithon on Midsummer day. Objects found
in the excavations 1901 are deposited in Devizes Museum, Cat. II.
p. 101. Other flint implements and piece of implement of diabase,
Devizes Museum, Cat. II. 37; Arch. lviiti. 1; W.A.MU. xxxiii. 1;
Lockyer’s Stonehenge and other British Stone Monuments 1906;
Barclay’s Stonehenge and its Harthworks; Petrie’s Stonehenge :
Long’s Stonehenge and its Barrows, W.A.M. xvi. 1; W. J. Harrison,
Bibliography of Stonehenge, W.A.M. xxxii.1; A.W. 1. 157, map 170.
The “ Cursus,” an enclosure between parallel banks with rounded ends,
extending from just over the Winterbourne Stoke border, just W. of
Fargo plantation, eastwards to boundary of Amesbury and Durrington
for 1 mile 5 furlongs 176 yards, with a breadth of 110 yards. At E.
end a mound like a long barrow (42) lies just outside the rounded
end. 825 yards W. from this are opposite entrances on each side.
Near W. end a slight bank crosses the cursus and just within the
end are two barrows. Use of Cursus unknown. O.M.54 SW, SE;
A.W. I. 158, 159, map 170.
[The whole of the Cursus east of the combe or valley into which it
dips (shown by contour on O.//.) is under cultivation ; part of this
is still traceable across the ploughed ground by a white chalky line
marking the site of the bank, but further east and at its end we
could see absolutely no trace at all, although the state of the ground
was favourable for doing so. 1913. J£.#.C.]
Sher Earthworks.
Vespasian’s Camp occupies apex of down with Avon river on two sides.
Wedge shaped, pointed end to N. S. end cut off by road and
mutilated. Single vallum, mutilated on E. side in forming
grounds of Abbey, interior planted. Area 39acres. OJ/.54SE. ;
A.W. I. 160, map 170.
West Amesbury. Aubrey, Jon. Brit. is quoted by Hoare (A. W. I. 198,)
as saying that “near to the Farm House of W. Amesbury is a
great ditch” also near Barrow 17 “Normanton Ditch.” Hoare
could find no traces of either.
' Large bank and ditch running roughly parallel to S. side of Andover
Road for 2 miles or more and forming for a mile boundary of
Amesbury and Bulford. “May be traced along the vale in its
course westward down to a barn and through one large arable
field beyond it” (Hoare) and on the East alongside the road as
; far as milestone 75, when it bends to the right (in Cholderton 2)
_ to Wilbury. 0.12.55 SW.; A.W. I. 216, Station V.
4 7th milestone from Splrishimy, on Shiki lind bowen Road,
about 1 mile E. of Amesbury Workhouse, and KE. of the rd.
0.M. 60 NE shows a ditch running S.W. to N.E. for a short
distance, the remains of “Two very singular banks and ditches ”
which, says Hoare, run parallel to each other over the down for
1716ft. 97ft. apart.
174 Lnst of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
Niece cat alla’ ae,
Finds, Neolithic. Fragment of ground celt of diabase, 1879, W.A.I/. xxi.
148; ground flint celt, Blackmore Museum; flint celt partly —
ground with re-chipped edge, 1893, Brit. Museum ; chipped flint
celt, A. 1D. Passmore; flint arrowhead with very long barbs,
J. W. Brooke ; all found “‘ near Stonehenge.”
Perforated oval hana stone made from quartzite pebble, and half of j
a perforated polished stone hammer found “near Amesbury,” —
Edwards Coll., Blackmore Museum. |
Ground flint celt found built up in wall of house, Devizes Museum,
Cat. 11.1; W.AJW. vii. 334.
Finds, Bronze Age. Flat celt said to be from “ Long Barrow at Stone- |
henge,” Arch. v. 136, Pl. viii. 4; Evans’ Bronze, 46. |
Socketed celt, narrow tanged chisel, and razor, 1892, “‘ found in neigh-
bourhood of Stonehenge,” Farnham Museum.
A plain hand-made rounded bowl about 4in. diam., found 1904 in |
making railway from Grateley to Amesbury (? in what parish), —
Blackmore Museum. .
Finds, Late Celtic (!). A dwelling pit on Salisbury Rd. 4 mile from |
Amesbury, 2 urn-shaped cooking vessels. Devizes Museu
Cat IT. 833, 834. ij
Finds, Roman. Coins in New Covert E. of Workhouse, 1842. 0.
60 NE. 4
ANSTY.
Barrows.
1. Long barrow on Whitesheet Hill at actual point of junction of
Donhead St. Mary, Ansty, and Berwick St. John.—O.J/. 69 SE. ;
A.W. I. Stations VIIT., 1X. ‘|
2. On White Sheet Hill a little distance E. of the last, on Berwick
St. John boundary, W. of the ditch, a round barrow. OJ. 69
SE.; A.W. I. Stations VIII. IX. =
3. On Swalloweliffe boundary just N. of British village, at point of |
junction of Ansty,Swallowcliffe, and Alvediston, a round barrow, |
O.M. 69 NE.; A.1W. I. Stations VIII. IX.
Earthworks. On White Sheet Hill in S.W. corner of parish, a strong
bank and ditch cut across the Ridgeway and the ridge, nearly
N. & S., at point of junction of Ansty, Alvedisten, and Berwiek
St. fone O.M. 69 SE. ; A.W. I, 249, Stations VIII. IX.
On Middle Down at E. corner of parish, at point of junction with
Alvediston a strong bank and ditch cut across the Ridgeway and
the ridge, running nearly E.& W. O.J. 69 NE.; A.W. I. 249,
Stations VIII. IX.
Roman. On Middle Down at point of junction of Ansty, Alvediston and
Swallowcliffe, a British village with banks and ditches
extending into Alvediston. Hoare found much rude pottery |
here but no Roman. O.M. 69 SE; A.W. I. 249, Stations
VIII. IX.
i j
‘4
—.
By the Rev. EL: H. Goddard, 175
: ASHLEY.
The Fosseway forms the E. boundary of the parish. O.J/. III. SE.
ASHTON KEYNES.
Earthworks. Moat round “site of nunnery” at Church Farm, and.earth-
works of doubtful age just N.W. of Kent End Farm. Medieval ?
OM. 4 SE.
ATWORTH.
arthworks. The line of Roman Road and Wansdyke combined form
north boundary of parish throughout. O.J/. 25 SE.; A.W. II.
16—30, 27, 79, plan.
Roman. Coins found 1902. W.A.df. xxxiii. 169.
AVEBURY,
Sarrows. [The numbers in brackets, thus (3), are those of Hoare, the
letters, thus (c), are those of Smith. ]
1, 2 (a,c). A mile E. of Oldbury Camp on West Down 2 barrows
close together, 1, (a), low bowl-shaped barrow with ditch, not
opened; 2, (c), large bowl-shaped with slight ditch, opened, no
record. O.M. 27 SE. ; Smith p. 96, VII. E. V. a, c.
3, [Sa]. Just S.of old Bath Rd. and W. of its junction with present
Rd.,on Knoll Down,Smith marks 2 irregular mounds with ditches
(v, w) of which 0.J2, 27 SE shows one only. Smeth p. 98 VIL.
E. V. v. w.
4, 5. Close to the last 2 very wide low barrows with ditches, just S.
of the ditch, both opened, no record. O.M. 27 SE.; Smith p. 97
VIL. E. V. 1. m.
6. On West Down in corner of parish, just N. of Roman Rd. close to
Calstone boundary, O.M/. 27 SE marks a barrow, apparently not
shown by Smzth.
7,8 (S8a]. # mile EH. of the last, just N. of Roman Rd., W. of the
point where it cuts the Devizes Rd., O.1/ 27 SE shows two
barrows close together, apparently 2 of the 3 shown by Smith
p. 104, VII. E. VI. b, c,d. (b) A bell-shaped barrow with ditch
and a sarsen stone pitched upright on the top, not opened. (c&
d) Very low barrows ploughed down.
9. Just E. of point where Roman Rd. cuts Devizes Rd. at 7 miles
from Devizes, O.J/. 28 S.W. shows a barrow touching Rd. on N.
1 = Smith p. 106, VIL. E. V. 2, a low wide barrow much ploughed
down. A.W. II, Pl. X. “ Abury & Silbury.”
[9a.] Close to this Smith p. 106 VII. E. V. 3 shows another low
ploughed-down barrow, A.W. II. Pi. x.“ Abury & Silbury ”; not
on O.f. 28 SW.
A short distance N.W. of the last at S.W. corner of Fox Cover, a
little away from rd., 0.1. 27 SE, 28 SW. shows 7 barrows in
176 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities. *
Zz
line 8.W. to N.E.. close together. Smzth also shows 7 barrow a
pp. 105, 106, VII. E. VI. t, u, v, w, x, y.z. A.W.I.p. 91, oom
Pl. X. « Abury and Silbury,” shows 10 (Nos. 1—10),
10 (1) (t). The most easterly, large bowl-shaped barrow with ditch, 4
opened by Hoare, burnt bones in oval cist. OU. 28 S.W.
11 (8) (a). Very low Sao, opened before Hoare’s time, no reconaa
O WM. 27 SE. 4
12 (4) (v). High bowl-shaped barrow, with ditch, opened befor
Hoare’s time, no record. OJ. 27 SE. ;
13 (2) (w). Low temo with wide ditch, opened before Hoare’s”
time, no record. O.M. 28 SW. .
[13 a—c.] Three barrows, (5, 6, 7) of Hoare, have entirely disappearell
and are shown neither on O.Jf. 27 SE. nor on Smith’s } Map.
(5) Opened by Hoare, contained burnt bones.
(6) Opened before Hoare’s time, no record.
(7) Opened by Hoare, burnt bones in cist with two rings ant
small ornament ‘of lignite.
14 (8) (x), Very low barrow, ploughed down, opened before Hoare Ss
time, no record. O.M/. 27 SE. 4
15 (9) (y). Very low barrow, ploughed down, opened by Hoare, lara
urn, 16in. diam., aiverteds in cist over burnt bones. O.J/.27SH,
16 (10) (2). The most westerly of the line, very low and wide barrow,
ploughed down, opened by Cunnington, 1804, no record. O.U,
27 SE.
17. Beckhampton. Opposite Beckhampton House on N. side of Bath
Rd. a very large oval barrow? much of which has been removed,
Fragments of a large urn (? of what age) with handle, containing
burnt bones, and bronze dagger? found in it. Proc. Arch. Inst.
Salisbury p. 109 figs. 11 & 23. OM. 28SW.; Stukeley Abury,
46; A.W.IL.“ Abury & Silbury” Pl. x.; Smith p. 100, VII. F.
V.a. {a Long Barrow.]
18. To W. of this at Penning Barn in next field, a large monte -shaped
barrow without ditch, opened, no record. 0. If, 28 S.W.; A.W.
II. “ Abury & Silbury” Pl. x.; Smith p. 100, VII. F. V. b.
19. In next field W. of this, just N. of Bath Rd. a low wide barrow,
opened by Dean Merewether 1849. Burnt bones in shallow cist.
Fragments of Samian ware near top. O.J/.288.W.; Proc. Arch.
Inst. Salisbury p. 99, No. 19; Smith, p, 101. VII. F. V. d.
[19a]. A.W. IL. Pl. x. “Abury & Silbury ” shows a barrow just W.
of road Beckhampton to Avebury, at 8 miles from Devil
Not in 0.2. or Smith.
20. To E. of the vallum (close to a house built 1908) a very large and
high bowl barrow, opened, no record. O.M. 28 8.W., 4. W. IL
Pl. x., Stations xi. and xii. ; Smzth p. 145 XI. G. V. b.
[20a]. Waden Hill to W. of Kennet Road. A large flat wide bar-
row on arable land, ploughed down. Has now disappeared
(1912). The only remnant of the many barrows with which
21.
23.
By the Rev. B. H. Goddard. lists
Stukeley says this hill ‘“‘ Windmill Hill,” or “ Weedon Hill,” was
in his day crowned. At the southern end of the hill he says the
Roman Rd. passed over a disc barrow. Stukeley Abury 45 ;
Smith p. 145. XI. G. V. d.; W.A.M. xxxviil. 12 ; notin A.W. or
0.M. 28 SW.
To E. of Kennet Rd., at Wayden’s Penning, 4 mile from Avebury,
close to site of stone circle, a very low barrow, not opened. O.M.
28 SW. ; Smith p. 148 XI. G. V. h.
W. Kennet Long Barrow, 4 mile SE.ofSilbury. O.Jf.28 SW.
Smith XI. G. VI. b. See Appendix Long Barrows.
Kennet or Overton Hill, S. of Bath Road and W. of Ridgeway.
A low ploughed-down barrow in Mill Field close to the concen-
tric stone circles known as “The Sanctuary.” It is possibly the
base of the barrow said by Stukeley to have been levelled in
1720, when a skeleton, with several large amber beads and glass
beads, within a bed of great stones forming a kind of arch was
found. Opened by Thurnam 1854, it produced iron nails, &c.,
but no interment. Possibly the site of a windmill. Shown in
O.M. 28 SW. as site of tumulus; W.A.JZ vi. 327; Stukeley
Abury 44; Smeth p. 169. XJ. H. VI. 1.; A.W. ii. Pl. x.
On the same hill N. of the Bath Rd. and W. of Ridgeway, a gcoup of
barrows (24—30) NE. of W. Kennet. O.U. 28 SW.; A.W.
II. Stations xi. and xii.
24 (a). A low wide ploughed-down barrow opened 1882 by C. E.
Ponting, in centre a circular grave 24ft. deep and 34ft. in diam.
and partially walled with sarsen stones, contained a contracted
skeleton, with which were the skeleton of some small animal
and an enormous number of bones of frogs or toads, worked
flints and “a singular piece of wood in the form of a knife.”
The grave was covered with 3 flat sarsens, and over it was a
heap of sarsen stones 24ft. in diam. At 6ft. from the base of
this cairn was a double continuous row of very large sarsen
stones, some weighing several tons. A skeleton was found in
the upper part of the cairn with a rude vessel, intended doubtless
as a drinking cup. Objects at Devizes Museum. W.A.d/. xx.
342; A.W. ii. Pl. x.; Smeth p. 163. XI. H. VI. a.
25 (b). On 5S. side of the last a very large wide barrow, 4ft. 4in. high,
much ploughed down, opened 1882 by W. and H. Cunnington.
Two interments of burnt bones in circular cists about Ift. deep,
and mixed with ashes, were found. A number of flint flakes
lying together and apparently made at the time the barrow was
formed, a flint scraper and a flint “saw” were found, with frag-
ments of drinking cup and urn. It is doubtful whether the
primary interment was discovered. O.J. 28 SW. ; WAM. xx.
345; Smith p. 164, XI. H. VI. b.
26 (m). On N. side of (a), a large and high bell barrow with ditch,
perhaps opened by Thurnam, who found nothing but a frag-
ment of deer’shorn. A bushel of burnt ashes had been previously
178 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and. Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
found in it. O.M. 28 SW.; A.W. ii. Pl. x.; W.A.ML vi. 332 ;
Smith p. 150, XI. H. V. m.
27 (1). On N. of the last, a large bell-shaped barrow, possibly (?) that
opened by Thurnam (No, 24) in 1857. On the S. side the
skeleton of a female, the skeleton of a child of 2 or 3 years in
another part of the mound with fragments of burnt bones and
the perforated head of a bone pin. At the top the skeleton of a
small horse with iron shoes had been found previously. 0.1.
28 SW.; W.A.M. vi. 331 ; Smith p. 149. XI. H. V.1.
28 (k). On NE. side of last a tall bell-shaped barrow, not opened. —
O.M. 28 SW. ; Smith p. 149. XI. H. V. k.
29 (i). NE. of the last again, a tall bowl-shaped barrow with ditch,
not opened. O.M. 28 SW.; Smzth p. 149, XI. H. V.i. ;
[29a] (0). A little distance N. of the last, a very large disc-shaped
barrow, 30 yds. in diam., with large bank and ditch. Opened by
Thurnam (No. 23) who found no evidence of an interment.
W.A.M. vi. 331; Stukeley Abury p. 40 tabs xix. and xxii. ;
Smith p. 150, XT. H. V. 0. ; not shown in 0.M. 28 SW.
30 (ce). N. and nearer Ridgeway, a very fine bell-shaped barrow,
opened by Hoare (No. 7). Burnt bones with very rude incense
cup in oblong cist. O.M. 28SW.; A.W. ii. 91. Pl. x.; Smith
p- 148. XI, H. V. e.
30a. To W. of these barrows, E. of field track, twin barrows enclosed —
in one ditch, opened by Dean Merewether (No. 12) 1849 without
result, shownas a Long barrowin 0.12. 28SW. Proc. Arch. Inst.
Salisbury 91; Smith p. 148 XI. H. V. f. g.
31,32. On top of hill to E. and nearer Ridgeway 2 fine bell-shaped
barrows touching each other, opened, no record. 0.17. 28 S.W. ;_
Smith p. 148 XI. H. V. ¢. d.
33, 34. On Avebury Down to N. of the last, and S. of track from
Avebury, a bowl shaped barrow (a); and to E. in arable land a
low barrow (b), ploughed down. OJ. 28 N.W.; Smith p. 148°
XJ. H. V.a.b. |
35. Opposite these on N. side of track, a very wide low barrow 26
yds. wide and dft. high, opened by Dean Merewether 1849 (No 1),
In centre 18in. below surface a coarse urn containing bones of a
child. At 24ft. below surface the contracted skeleton of a young
person. In the mound numerous pieces of deers’ ribs. O.JL. 28
N.W. ; Proc. Arch. Inst. Salisbury, 82, Fig, A.; Snuth p. 132
XE Ves
[35a, b.] Not far to E. of this 2 very low barrows formerly existed,
now ploughed down. One (1) opened by Dean Merewether 1849
(No. 10) contained two shallow cists with burnt bones, with
quantities of broken.Roman pottery, iron nails and 84 Roman
coins in the body of the mound. Not in 0.4.28 NW. Proce.
Arch. Inst. Salisbury 86 Fig. k.; Smith p. 132 X H. IV. k. 1.
ae
By the Rev, E. H, Goddard. 179
N. of this and S.E. of Avebury Down Barna line of 5 barrows
lying E. and W. all except (d) opened by Dean Merewether 1849.
O.M. 28 NW.; Smith p. 131, 132, X. H. IV. a. b. cd. e.]
36 (a). Large bowl-shaped, without ditch, 9ft. high (No. 2), nothing
but animal bones and wood ashes found. Proc. Arch. Inst.
Salisbury 83.
37 (b). Large and high bowl-shaped barrow, without ditch (No. 3).
cist, 18in. diam., contained burnt bones and two small pieces of
bronze (knife daggers ?)
38 (c). Very high bowl-shaped barrow (No. 4). Central cist 2ft. 6in.
deep x 2ft. Gin. diam., containing large plain urn, 13in. high,
with burnt bones. Fragments of another urn found 2ft. 6in.
below top of barrow. Proc. Arch. Inst. Salisbury p. 83, figs. F, G.
39 (d). Large high bowl-shaped barrow, no ditch, opened before Dean
Merewether’s time, no record.
40 (e). Large high bowl-shaped barrow, 7f{t. high, no ditch (No. 5).
Large cist with large quantity of burnt bones, covered with
pounded charcoal? Proc. Arch. Inst. Salisbury p. 84.
3 mile E. of this group, on brow of hill near the Ridgeway 3 barrows
in line N. &S. close together (41—43). 0.1. 28 NW.; Smith
p. 133, 184, X. H. IV. m, n, o.
41 (m). Large low bowl-shaped barrow, no ditch, opened by Dean
Merewether 1849 (? No. 8). Circular cist in centre with burnt
bones covered with black charcoal dust. Above this “four
distinct layers of sarsen stones, ranging with the form of the
barrow.” “Bones & pottery covered over with convex sarsen
stones” found on the outskirts of the barrow. Proc. Arch. Inst.
Salisbury 85.
42 (n). Flat bowl-shaped barrow, no ditch, with a stone on the
top aud surrounded by sarsens.
43 (0). Large low barrow, with ditch, opened by Dean Merewether
1849 (No. 9). At 2ft. below the surface of the barrow a cist
containing burnt bones and charcoal dust, and lower down a
cist 3ft. deep covered with a large sarsen containing an unusual
quantity of burnt bones covered with charcoal dust. Proc.
Arch. Inst. Salisbury 86, fig. J.
| 44. Just N.E. of this group & touching W. side of the Ridgeway a
small barrow. O.2/.28NE.; Smith p. 133, X. H. IV. p.
Windmill Hill. 14 miles NW. of Avebury. In Stukeley’s days this
hill, surrounded by a ditch, was under grass and had 15 barrows
on it, of which he opened a flat one, with an urn inverted over
burnt bones ina cist. Stukeley Abwry 45, Pl. xxxvi.; A.W. ii.
95. Smith marks 13 of these barrows ; A.W. ii. Stations xi. and
xii. shows 4 inside the trench and 8 outside. O.M.28NW,
(1900) shows 6 only, 4 of which arein Winterbourne Monkton,
QU:
180 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
From a barrow on Windmill Hill (?in which parish) found with 7 —
skeletons, a Grape Cup, and perforated Hammer axe. W. Brown, =)
Devizes Museum Cat. II. x28 x23a fig.; Arch. Jour. vii.399; —
Proc. Arch. Inst. Salisbury 108 fig. 3 & 4. 3
In 1891 a skeleton accompanied by worked flints found on Mr. Henry
Browne’s farm, possibly from site of a destroyed barrow. J. W.
Brooke. W.A.M. xxvi. 411. What age? ¥
[44 a, b]. Inside the entrenchment on S. side, 2 wide low ploughed-
down barrows, not in 0.M, 28 NW. ; Smith p. 90 VI. F. IV. 1. m. ©
[44c]. Outside the ditch on S. side a wide low barrow, ploughed —
down, not in O.M. 28 NW. ; Smith p. 90. VI. F. IV. n.
45. On NE. side, outside the ditch, on parish boundary, large bowl- —
shaped barrow. Opened, no record. Smith p. 89. VI. F. IV. e.
On a line E. from the last outside the ditch, and on the line of the
parish boundary, 4 barrows, of which only one (? g) is shown on
O.M. 28 NW.; Smith p. 89, VI. F. IV. £. h. g.
[45a] (f). Wide low barrow, ploughed down.
46 (g). Large low barrow, ploughed down, opened by Dean Mere- —
wether 1849 (No. 14). 1ft. 2in. below surface of barrow, the
fragments of a small urn containing the unburnt bones ofa child.
Lower down a skeleton with no left hand. O.M. 28 NW.; Proc.
Arch. Inst. Salisbury, 94, figs. P. Q. :
[46a] (h). Large low barrow, opened by Dean Merewether (No. 15).
Part of human skull, many animal bones, fragments of pottery,
and barbed and tanged flint arrowhead found. Had perhaps —
been opened before. Proc. Arch. Inst. Salisbury, 94, fig. B;
Evans’ Stone, 343.
[46b]. A large low barrow, now obliterated, opened by Dean Mere-
wether 1849 (No. 13). Cist 2ft. deep with burnt bones. In
body of mound 9 smooth pebbles, jet bead, and pottery fragments.
Not in 0.M. 28 NW.; Proc. Arch. Inst. Salisbury, 94, fig. O5
Smith p.131. X. G. IV. a.
47. DueS. of Windmill Hill and W. of track, a very low barrow
ploughed down. Site marked on O.M. 28 NW.; Smith p. 90.
WIE LV. :p:
[47a]. E. of this last and of the track, a widespread barrow ploughed
down. Not in 0.4. 28 NW.; Smith p. 90. VI. F. IV. o.
48. S.W. of Windmill Hill a large low barrow, ploughed down, pos-
sibly the one mentioned by Stukeley in which a “brass spearhead”
(1 knife dagger) was found with a skeleton. Site shown in O.J/
28 NW.; Stukeley, Abury 45; Smwth p. 131, X. G. IV. b.
Dean Merewether, in a list of “Antiquities found near Avebury” (Proc.
Arch. Inst. Salisbury, pp. 108—112) mentions several barrows which
cannot be exactly identified. They are probably in Avebury parish.
Ee
By the Rev. LH. H. Goddard. 181
Barrow “1 mile from Beckhampton on r. of Devizes Rd.” contained
an urn of unusual type 63in. high x 5in. wide at the base, full
of burnt bones, p. 108, fig. 5.
Barrow “4 mile N. of the last” contained a small plain urn “in.
high near the skull of a very young person ; also a plain bowl-
shaped vessel 24in. high, pp. 108, 109, figs. 6, 7.
Barrow ‘12 miles W. of the last.” Urn 7in. high. found with
crouched skeleton, p. 109, figs. 8, 16.
3 cinerary urns from barrows at or near Beckhampton, of which no
details are known, in Devizes Museum. Cat. II. x6, x7, x8.
In a barrow S. of Silbury was found “a bit of gold (I suppose the
covering of a button, or the like, such as that I dug up at Stone-
henge), and many sharp bits of iron.’ Stukeley Abury, 45.
2 fine cin. urns, probably from barrows near W. Kennet, of which there
is no record, now in Devizes Museum. Mr. Butler, of Kennet.
In a barrow “to the 8.E. of Kennet (? in what parish) were 12 skeletons
with their feet towards the centre, in which was a “Grape Cup.”
Proc. Arch. Inst., Salisbury p. 108, fig. 2 ; Smith-p. 145.
Megalithic.
The Circles. A great roughly circular ditch, the earth from which is
thrown up in an irregular bank on the outsede, encloses'an area of
28% acres, with a diameter of from 1170ft. to 1260ft. Ditch and
vallum remain for about # of the circuit, the section near the Church
and Manor House having been destroyed. The vallum had a cir-
cumference of 4442ft., and’at the highest point was about 21ft.
high above the level. Round the inner edge of the ditch ran,
according to Stukeley, who carefully surveyed the whole monument
in 1724, an outer circle of 100 stones, placed about 27ft. apart.
Inside this were two smaller circles, consisting each, according to
Stukeley, of 30 stones, with, as he believed, in each case an inner
concentric circle of 12 stones. These inner circles of the northern
and southern ‘‘ Temples,” however, are not clearly to be made out
from Aubrey’s sketch made in 1663, and their existence has been
denied by the Rev. W. C. Lukis (Proc. Soc. Ant., ix., 141) and others.
In the centre of the northern circle was a “ cove” facing N.E. formed
of three very large stones, of which two are still standing, 17{t. and
14ft. Tin. high respectively. The third, 21ft. im length, fell and was
broken up in 1713. Inthe centre of the southern circle stood, says
Stukeley, a single stone, “ The Obelisk,” of a circular form at base,
21ft. long by 8ft. Yin. diam. This has entirely disappeared, it is
not noticed by Aubrey in his survey of 1663, but evident signs of its
former existence and destruction were found by the Rev. A. C. Smith
jn 1865 (W.A.M. x., 212). Between the southern circle and the outer
circle in a line with the centres of the N. and S. circles, stood in
Stukeley’s time a single stone with a hole wrought in it, which he
called the “ Ring Stone.” This nolonger exists. Of the outer circle
there are visible now 10 standing and 8 prostrate stones, of the
182 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
southern circle 2 standing and 3 fallen, and of the northern circle _
3 standing and 1 fallen, but in 1881 the Rev. A. C. Smith (Brit. and
Rom. Antiy. of N. Wilts., 139) discovered and uncovered 16 stones
of the outer circle now buried, and 2 in the northern circle.
From the S.E. point of the outer circle, just on the E. side of the |
present Kennet Road, a winding avenue of a double row of stones led :
across the ditch by a solid causeway and more or less along the course
of the present road to W. Kennet where it turned sharply to the E. :
and ended in a double concentric circle or oval of stones on Overton
or Kennet Hill just W. of Overton boundary and S. of Marlborough |
Rd. (0.M. 28 SW.). This circle, called by Stukeley “The Sanctuary,” —
was entirely destroyed in 1724, the ground around it having been
found in 1678 to be full of inane bones (Stukeley’s Abury, 27, 29, ia
30). This avenue, planned in a rough sketch by Aubrey (1663) whem
it was nearly complete, had in Stukeley’ s day (1743) 72 stones still —
standing. At present 19 stones remain visible, one just outside the
vallum of Avebury, and a group on the W. a the Rd. to Kennet, > |
still occupying their original positions. Of this group of 11 stones
together 2 are now’ stemshiag and 9 prostrate. Stone No. 2 from the |
Avebury end of the W. side of the avenue has never fallen, the stone |
opposite to it on E. side of avenue was re-erected by Wilts Arch. Soe, —
in Aug., 1912, at the same time as the large Longstone at Beckhamp- —
ton. Long in 1858, and Smith in 1884, state that there was only |
one stone standing at those dates, but there seems good evidence —
that there were really two, and that this one fell cer. 1889. O.M. 28
S.W.;° W.A.. iv., 328; xxxviil., 7. os
A large sarsen was Pare buried in the line of the avenue, 1913, 12ft.
from the W. side of the road, possibly one of the avenue stones, &
broken human bones found round it. W.A.M. xxxviii., 12. -
The existence of the Beckhampton Avenue rests on the authority of
Stukeley alone, Aubrey does not mention it, and many authorities |
doubt its existence. According to Stukeley it left the circle at the
S.W. point to S. of the churchyard, iextending to Beckhampton and
ending near a group of barrows on the down between the Calne and
Devizes Roads. Stukeley Abury, 30; W.A.M,, iv., 329.
Longstone Cove, Longstones, or the Devil Ss Ceti, 2 lames stones stant
_ ing in field to N. of Rd. Avebury to Beckhampton, near the latter.
Aubrey says 3 stones were standing in his time placed like a cove.
Stukeley saw 2 standing and 1 prostrate, which he says abutted on
the Beckhampton Avenue, the avenue stone forming the back of the
cove which opened to the S.E. The large stone which fell Dec. 2nd, _
1911, was re-erected by the Wilts Arch. Soc., 1912, when B. H.
Cunnington found an interment with drinking cup immediately at |
the foot of the stone. O.M/. 28 SW.; W.A.M. xxxviii., 1; Stukeley
Abury, 85; A.W. ii., 78; Smith p. 101, VII. F. V. ¢.
Excayations in the ditch by H. St. G. Gray on behalf of Brit. Assoc.
carried out 1908, 1909, and 1911 on the W. side of Kennet Road proved
the ditch to have been 17ft, to 20ft. deeper than it is now, with a flat
>
By the Rev. LE. H. Goddard. 183
bottom 114ft. to 17ft. wide. The absence of metal, and the presence
of deer horn picks, shoulder blades of ox possibly used as shovels,
and a flint knife of Neolithic type on the floor of the ditch, together
with the fact that pottery similar to that found in the chamber of the
W. Kennet Long Barrow was found in the filling of the ditch, points
to the end of the Stone Age as the probable period of the work.
W.A.M. xxxvi. 345; xxxvii. 477.
For Bibliography of Stonehenge and Avebury see W.A.M/. xxxil. 1.
Remains of a stone circle about 1 mile S. of Silbury close to parish
boundary. Rev. A. C. Smith, 1877, uncovered 22 small stones buried
underground forming part of this oblong or circle, 261ft. x 216ft.
Stukeley, Abury p. 46, mentions this circle. “ Upon the heath south
of Silbury Hill was a very large oblong work like a long barrow, made
only of stones pitch’d in the ground, no tumulus.” The stones had
been removed, he says, 14 years before. O.M. 285W.; A.W. II. 96;
Smith p. 177 plan, XI1.G. VIil.a; W.A.IL. xvii, 253; xix. 56, plan 160.
Stone circle formerly existed at Wayden’s Penning on opposite side of
road 283 yds. E. of the 11 stones of the Kennet Avenue. One stone
by the hedge only now remains. In 1840 R. Falkner found two prostrate
and saw 9 holes from which others had been taken. Diameter cir.
120ft. O.17.28 SW.; W.A.W. iv. 345 ; xix. 55 ; Smith p. 147, XI. G. V.
g, plan ; A.W. II. 94.
On the down E. of Avebury, Smzth, p. 150, XI. H. V. n, notes several
sarsen stones, consisting of one cap-stone on three very small sup-
porters, surrounded by a very low mound of earth ; in all probability
a burial place or diminutive cromlech.”
Earthworks.
On slope of Hackpen E. of Kennet Avenue and just N.W. of Barrow 30
an oblong enclosure 100 yds: x 80 yds. with inner enclosure in S.W.
corner. Banks 2ft. high. No evidence of occupation found by Hoare.
0.M.28SW.; Stukeley Abury 48; Smith p. 148 XI., H. V.h.; Proce.
Arch. Inst. Salisbury p. 102, No. v. fig.; A.W. II. 94.
Windmill Hill, circular trench enclosing top of hill and many barrows
(partly in Winterbourne Monkton). O.17. 28 NW.; Stukeley Abury
45; A.W. II. 95.
Silbury Hill. 1 mile 8. of Avebury. Largest artificial mound in
England, 130ft. high, 552ft. diam. at base, 104ft. diam. at top, and
covers area of 5 acres 1192 yds. (Smzth 151.) In 1777 the Duke
of Northumberland and Col. Drax sunk a shaft from top to original
level ; in 1849 the Arch. Institute.drove a tunnel on the S. side along
the original level to the centre and round the centre. Nothing found
except a few bones of ox or deer, and pieces of twisted grass string.
(Proc.'Arch. Inst., Salisbury 297). The Roman Rd., Bath to Cunetio,
yan immediately 8. of Silbury Hill, and Stukeley who saw its course
here before it was obliterated says it was purposely deflected from
“the straight to avoid the hill. If it had kept on a straight course it
184 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
would have passed under the hill. In 1867 excavations were made
to settle its real course—and the road was found ata distance of
30 yds. to the S. of the base of the hill. The two ditches of the
road 18ft. apart were found. (Smith 161; W.A. xi. 113.) The ~
road was traced for 477 yds. here by 8 sections. This seemed to prove —
that the road was deflected from the straight here to avoid the already
existing hill. Stukeley records finding of skeleton with iron “bridle® _
and knife on top near surface 1723. Stukeley, Abury; A.W. II. 79.
In 1886 A. C. Pass sunk 10 shafts round N. & W. sides of base of hill
and showed that chalk had been dug out for a distance on the N. of
100ft. round the base, and for 300ft. or more on the W. to a general
depth of 15ft.increased immediately at the base of the hill to21ft.below
the present surface, the whole of which has been filled up by white
chalky clay alluvium. The hill was therefore surrounded by water ex-
cept on S. side. In one shaft near base of hill on W. side, at depth of
9ft. from surface and 5ft. from the bottom a layer of black earth with
charcoal, burnt flints, bones of ox, deer, pig, and dog, flint flakes, and
a worked flint knife were found, showing that ditch had silted up
5ft. before flint-using people (probably of Bronze Age, said Sir John |
Evans) left their rubbish on the surface. This is the most important —
evidence at present available as to the age of the hill. Objects found ~
are in Devizes Museum. (W.A.J/. xxiii. 245.)
Finds, Neolithic.
Windmill Hill (partly in Monkton) is probably the most prolific site in ~
Wiltshire. Great numbers of flint implements are found upon the —
surface, all of white porcelain-like flint. Numbers of cores occur, —
and it is doubtless the site of a flint factory. Scrapers and fabrica- —
tors of beautiful make are very abundant, and many fine arrowheads ~
have been found, of which 13 are in Mr. J. W. Brooke’s collection, —
tanged and barbed, oval, delicately-made thin leaf-shaped, and —
triangular without barbs, as well as mullers and hammerstones. —
Flakes and knives also occur frequently. The most remarkable —
objects found here, however, are the ground flint celts, almost all in
a fragmentary condition, the fragments often re- chipped to an edge, —
or used as hammerstones. Numbers of these exist in the collections —
of Messrs. J. E. Pritchard, J. W. Brooke, A. D. Passmore, Rey. H. —
G. O. Kendall, Taunton and Devizes Museums, Cat. JI., 27, 4849,
51—58; W.A.IZ, xix., 99, 100 ; xxx., 371 ; xxxvil., 627, 628.
Broken quartzite pebble perforated hammerstone. Devizes Museum
Gat. IN, 21. r,
* Ground greenstone celt found “near Avebury.” Canterbury Museum,
Roughly- -chipped flint celt, 1899, Devizes Museum, and a good barbed
arrowhead in private hands, both from W. Kennet. ;
Fine large chipped celt and a fragment of another, 1910. J. W. Brooke
coll.
On ploughed fields about W. Kennet, flint flakes, scrapers, &c., are fairly
numerous, Rev. H. G. O. Kendall. A partially polished celt,
scrapers, &c., from the field containing the stones of the Kennet
Avenue, Mrs. H. St. G. Gray, 1911.
=
By the Kev. LE. H. Goddard. 185
Finds, Bronze Age.
_ Bronze celt found near Church. Stukeley, Abury 27.
Bronze palstave, small and of unusual form, Devizes Museum. Cat, Il.
B23; W.AMW.i.59; xxxi. 269.
Bronze tanged chisel with broad blade. J. W. Brooke Coll. Reliquary
Xly. 244, fig.
Bronze awl, Beckhampton. Evans’ Bronze 190.
Bronze awl, Kennet. Devizes Museum Cat. II. B 12a.
2 large bronze awls, and part of a bevelled knife blade, with a grooved
flat whetstone, found “1 mile E. of Wansdyke.” Devizes Museum
Cat. II. B9—B9b; W.A.M. xv. 139. (7 what parish.)
Bronze tanged razor and very narrow chisel.. Beckhampton Down.
Devizes Museum Caz. II. B8, B14; Reliquary xiv. 245, 247 fig.
Bronze socketed looped spearhead. From flint-diggings on down S.W.
of Beckhampton. Proc. Arch. Inst. Salisbury 110, Fig. 20. Devizes
Museum Cat. II. B 6
Cin. urn, 64in. high, found in W. side of Barrow 15 Avebury, no
details of find. Devizes Museum Cat. II. x6 jig.; W.A.M. i., 62.
hate Celtic.
Dwelling pit, Beckhampton Down, on trackway leading from Mr.
Wentworth’s farm house to the farm buildings on the down (7 in
Avebury or Bishops Cannings parish). Double dwelling pit opened
by H. Cunnington 1884. Two pits intersecting, 5ft. 8in. deep, X 5ft.
diam. and 4ft. 8in. deep X 4ft. diam. Two broken cooking pots found
resting on 3 stones in ashes of the hearth, chalk loom weight, flint
mullers, spindle whorl, 6 sling bullets of burnt clay, iron nails,
fragments of pottery, bones of sheep, ox, and rabbit. Devizes Museum
Cat. II. 797—805; W.A.M. xxiii, 65—68.
Dwelling pit near top of Waden Hill 117 yds. E. of new pond 1912,
opened B.H. Cunnington. Animals’ bones, pottery sherds, charcoal,
muller, and burnt flints. W.A.M. xxxviii., 14.
Bronze bow brooch “La Tene I.” type,“ near Avebury,” 1876. British
Museum. Gwdeto Harly Iron Age, 100, fig.; Pitt Rivers Excavations
Il. 117, fig. W.d.M. xxxv. 398, 399, fig. 3. A second example of the
same type, W. Kennet, 1897, J. W. Brooke Coll.; a third from near
Silbury Hill, Devizes Museum, Cat. II. 304; Reliquary xiv. 95, Jigs.
5,7; W.A.M. xxxy. 398, 400, figs. 4, 15.
| Part of bronze chape of sword sheath, Beckhampton 1912. W.A.M.
XXXVIil. 111 fig. 2.
lidgeway running along the crest of Hackpen Hill forms the whole E.
boundary of parish. O.M.28 SW.; A.W. II. 46.
man.
The line of the Roman Rd. Bath to Cunetio forms S. boundary of
parish at S.W. corner for 1 mile as far as Beckhampton and Devizes
Rd. HE. of this road a section of the raised way pointing to Silbury
is well seen, the rest is lost in ploughed lands. To decide whether
VL. XXXVIII.—NO. CXx. )
186 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
it really swerved S. to avoid Silbury excavations were undertaken ~
1867. O.M. 28 SW.: Smith 162 map. See above p. 183. ¢
In field on opposite side of Rd. 150 yds. 8.E. of Silbury, site apparently
of Roman houses, no foundations found but refuse pit opened 1867
contained coins of Constans, Valentinian, &e. W.A.U. xi. 118;
Smith 162. Three wells in this field opened 1882, 1896, 1908. Coins, —
Arcadius, Theodosius II. in the former, and in that opened 1908 by
J. W. Brooke 33 coins Trajan to Valentinian, the latest found at the ©
bottom, 26ft. deep. Samian ware & various objects. Devizes
Museum Cat. I1.570—599 ; 0.1.28 SW.; W.4.M. xxix. 166; xxxvi.
373.
“S. of Beckhampton towards Tan Hill” (? in Avebury). Roman vase
at head of skeleton at full length with iron nails of coffin. Proc.
Arch. Inst., Salisbury 108 jig. 1.
Coins, casual finds, Stukeley, Abury, p., 27; W.A.M. xxvi. 413.
84 coins, Constantine, &c., found in low barrow with pottery on Avebury
Down 1849 in body of the mound. Proc. Arch. Inst. Salisbury p. 86,
No. 10; Smith X. H. IV. i.
Windmill Hill, fragments of Roman pottery, including Samian, on
ploughed ground and ditch. 1/.2.C.
Iron key, Beckhampton 1912. Devizes Museum. W.A.M. xxxviii.,
111, fig. 6.
Lobed horseshoe, W. Kennet near Silbury. Pro. Arch. Jnst., Salisbury
p. 110, fig. 19; Devizes Museum Cat. II. 511.
Beckhampton Down, bronze tweezers, 2 bronze bow brooches, bracelet,
bronze leg of small jointed figure, bronze penannular brooch, Devizes
Museum Cat. II., 322, 323, 363, 364, 366, 367 ; Proc. Arch. Inst. Salis-
bury p. 110, jigs. 22, 24—29; W.A.M. xxx. 81.
Bronze nail cleaner, earpick, and bow brooch, Kennet. S. Butler, 1910,
Devizes Museum Cat. II. 385b.; W.A.M. xxxvii. 205.
Vase of Upchurch Ware, Beckhampton. J. Britton. Devizes Museum,
Cat. II. 240.
Tron tubular padlock & keys (? medieval), Beckhampton, 1849. Devizil
Museum, Cat. II. 551, fig.; Proc. Arch. Inst. Salisbury jig. 18.
Tron spearhead (? Saxon), Sack harmon Devizes Museum Cat. IT. 517
Small urn, Avebury. T. B. Merriman. W.A.WM. vi. 257.
Bronze bow brooch, La Tene III. type. H. G. O. Kendall, 19138.
Devizes Museum. |
Bronze bow brooch, Aucissa type, found in excavating the ditch round
Avebury, 1911. W.A.M. xxxvii. 477.
Bronze bow brooch, Beckhampton Down. Devizes Museum. WAM.
xxxv. 404, jig.
Errata. (
Barrow 17, p. 176. Probably a true long barrow. See Appendix,
Long Barrows.
Barrow [19a], p. 176. For West of Avebury Rd., read Hast. [Still a
good sized barrow under the plough, 1913. JL#.C.]
Windmill Hill, p. 179. Two barrows not shown on O.//, 28 NW. can
still be seen on the ploughed land, 1913. J2.2.C.
By the Rev. EL. H. Goddard. 187
BARFORD ST. MARTIN.
Earthworks. ‘“Hamshill Ditches,” just on S. edge of Groveley Wood,
triple rampart on S.W., irregular banks on S.E., none on the wood
side. O.M. 65 NE.; A.W.1. 109, Plan, Station IV. From E. side
of the settlement a ditch runs eastwards along S. side of Groveley to
Chilhampton in S. Newton. A.W. I. 119.
Finds, Neolithic. On the greensand plateau between Barford and
Compton, flint scrapers, flakes, cores, &c. C. V. Goddard.
Finds, Late Celtic. Uninscribed British coin of base silver, 1908.
Devizes Museum. W.A.M. xxxv. 524.
Roman. Site of British village at Hamshill Ditches. O.M. 65 NE., see
Earthworks above.
BAVERSTOCK.
‘Finds, Neolithic. On N. slope of hill W. of village, flint scrapers, cores,
flakes, &c., with very rough long-shaped flint implements. C. V.
Goddard.
Hurdcott, in making the lake, 1908. A small narrow partly-ground
flint celt, and remarkable flint implement 13in. long, slightly crescent
shaped, finely flaked all over, with two sharp edges and pointed ends,one
of which shows signs of polish from use; regarded by Dr. Blackmore
asa pick. _ Blackmore Museum. .
Roman. Course of Roman Rd. through Groveley making for Dinton
Beeches is shown running through Baverstock Long Copse in 0.1.
59 SW.; 65 NE. & NW.
BAYDON,
arrows. [The barrow at Botley Copse is just over the parish and county
boundary in Berks. O.J/.17SW.]
Finds, Neolithic. Ground flint celt. Devizes Museum, Caé. II. 16.
Other flint implements, J. W. Brooke Coll.
ate Celtic. Bronze bow brooch of “ Certosa” type, cor. 400 B.C. J. W.
Brooke. W.A.M. xxxv. 395, 398 jig.
Bronze bow brooch “La Tene I.” type. Reliquary xiv. 97 fig. ;
W.A.M. xxxyv. 399, 400 jig.; Devizes Museum, Cat. II. 466.
oman. Hrmine Street runs N.W. to 8.E. through the parish and village
to the Berkshire border and Lambourne. O.J/. 24 NW.
At Botley Copse just over the Berkshire border, site of a Roman
and perhaps earlier settlement with earthworks, etc., at which
many objects have been found. Iron billhook, chisel, bit, nails,
arrowheads, carding comb, knife, horseshoe, bronze T-headed
bow brooch, Samian and other ware, querns, iron slag and pit
coal, pig of iron. O.M.17SW.; Devizes Museum, Cat. II. 452
—472; W.A.M. vi. 119; x. 104—109; xxxvi. 479 jigs. Roman
coins, skeletons, and querns, W.A.d. vi. 260; ix. 26; Gent.
Mag. 1866 Pt. II. 335.
Oo 2
188 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
BEDWYN, GREAT,
Barrows.
1,2. In Stokke House grounds just 8.E. of house, site of 2 barrows
close together. O.Jf. 36 NE. [These are perhaps amongst the —
“few barrows on Bedwyn Common” mentioned by Hoare. He
shows 3 close together apparently hereabouts in the Plan of
Wansdyke. A.W. IT. 16]. ;
2a. A barrow on the hill close to line of Roman Ra, and parish ~
boundary, 3-mile N.E. of Wilton (not in O.Jf. 36 S.E.) W.A.M.
xxxiv. 309; O. G. 8. Crawford, 1913.
Finds, Neolithic. Two large ground flint celts. Evans’ Stone 93, jig.
46. Flint scrapers, &c. J. W. Brooke.
Many flint implements in field above Crofton pumping station. —
W.A.M, xxvi., 412.
Finds, Bronze Age. Bronze mace headin Brit. Museum. Evans’ Bronze —
271, 272 fig. 340; Arch. Journ. vi. 411.
Finds, Late Celtic. Triangular earthenware stamp with triquetrallly
ornament from Roman villa, Brail Wood. Devizes Museum. —
W.A.M. xxxv. 4038, 406, fig. 26 ; Pro. Soc. Ant., 2nd Series, xix. q
188 jig.
Roman. Line of Roman Rd. enters parish with Grand Avenue, runs
just E. of Tottenham House straight to Crofton, across canal and
railway, forming boundary of parish from railway 8. O.J/. 36
SE.; A.W. II. 70, plan.
Roman villa just S, of Tottenham House, pavement found. OJ
36 SE. ; W.A.1. vi. 262 ; xix. 29. .
Roman sills with oprvemnenis and large lead cistern discovered cz. _
1780 in Bedwyn Brail wood. Several more pavements found —
and destroyed 1858 in Castle Copse near same spot, much pot-—
tery, small gold finger ring with irregular engraved cross on it,
Late Celtic stamp (see above), bronze spoon, bracelets, figure of —
cock, &c. Devizes Museum. Cat. II. 400—416, figs. O.J1. 37 —
SW.; W.A.M. i, 216, 352; ii. 26; iii, 14; vi. 253,256 ; xxayy
406, fig.
At Crofton Pumping Station in or near the Chalkpit many skele-
tons found from time to time. One found 1892. % Of what date.
O.M. 36 SE. ;W.AJMZ. xxvi, 412.
BEDWYN, LITTLE.
Earthworks. Chisbury Camp 4-mile W. of village and railway, part
triple and partly double rampart, strongest towards the S.W. Area
15 acres. Circuit 1012 yds. Depth of vallum 45ft.
Wansdyke runs 8. downhill from the camp to road to Gt. Bedwyn.
A.W. IL. 13, 31. (Not shown on O.. 41 NW.) Hoare regards it as
a British Camp earlier than Wansdyke, which he traces E. of Chisbury
across railway and canal to Foxbury Wood and into Shalbourne parish. :
O.M. 41 NW. shows it here. A.W. II. 30.
ee
; 3
By the Rev. HE, H. Goddard. (189
‘Paleolithic. At Knowle Farm Gravel Pit between Marlborough—
Hungerford Rd. at 5 miles from Marlborough, and the Farm, O.J/.
29 SE., great numbers of fine fintimplements. First found by S. B.
Dixon 1901. J. W. Brooke, H. G. O. Kendall, A. D. Passmore.
Devizes Museum Cat. II. 2.
W. Cunnington and S. B. Dixon on gloss and glacial scratches, W.A.d.
XXxili. 131.
H. G. O. Kendall on geology and types of implement, W.A.M/, xxxiv.
299 ; on microliths i stu, Man vili., 103; W.A.M. xxxv. 597.
Weolithic. Flint scrapers, knives, fabricator, Knowle Farm, Chisbury,
&e. Devizes Museum. W.A.M. xxxiii. 91.
Ground flint celt, surface, Knowle Farm Pit, 1912, B. H. Cunnington.
Bronze Age. Small socketed unlooped spearhead, surface at Knowle
Farm Pit, 1913. Devizes Museum.
Roman. Coins found 1854 W.A.M. 1. 352; II. 35.
BEECHINGSTOKE.
Barrows.
1. Hatfield Barrow. Height 224ft. Opened by Hoare 1809. A.W.
If. 4, plan. Fragments of burnt bones, charcoal, &c., found, and
W. Cunnington believed it to be sepulchral. Hoare thought it a
“Hill-altar” with earth circle round 1t.. Around the barrow is an
- irregularly circular intrenchment with bank outside ditch—as at
Avebury. Area 51 acres. Area shown in O0.M. 41 NW.
_- [la]. A smaller barrow ? ( Ring Barrow 2) ; diam. 198ft. with circular
vallum slightly raised and interior rising to a low apex was also
‘enclosed’in the area. No marks of interment found, much defaced
by plough in Hoare’s time, now destroyed. Hatfield Barrow also
entirely removed before 1818. A.W. II. 4, plan, 5—7. Under part
of the outside bank quantities of stags’ horns and bones found.
Outside bank, $ of which is destroyed, shown in O.J/, 41 NW., close
to village of Marden but in Beechingstoke parish.
Ridgeway. Broad Street marks course of Ridgeway across Pewsey Vale.
q OM. 41 NW.; A.W. II. 8.
BEMERTON.
Barrows. A large barrow S. of line of Roman Rd. and just W. of Salisbury
—Devizes Rd. apparently in Bemerton, shown in A.W. I. Station V.
South; not in O.U/. 66 NW.
Paleolithic. Flint implements from the river gravel first ford by Dr.
| H. P. Blackmore 1863. Considerable number of flint implements
afterwards found. Blackmore & Devizes Museums. Cat. II. p. 4;
W.A.M. xxii. 117.
|Finds, Neolithic. 1 long rough and 2 fine chipped flint celts. Blackmore
Museum. Evans’ Stone 62.
190 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
Roman. The Roman Rd. to Old Sarum runs straight N.E. out of Nether-—
hampton forming boundary of Bemerton for a short distance, just E.
of old Church, across road and railway along Folly Lane, and through
the cemetery. O./. 66 SW., SE.
BERWICK BASSETT.
Barrows.
1. On Berwick Down, 13 miles E. of village at foot of Hackpen, close
to Winterbourne Bassett boundary, a moderate sized bowl-
shaped barrow, opened, no record. O.M. 22 SW. ; Smith p. 127
X. H. III. i.
[la.] Just above this on shoulder of down, about 800ft., a low bowl
barrow, not on O0.M. 22 SW. H. G. O. Kendall, 1913.
The Ridgeway running along crest of Hackpen Hill forms the whole
east boundary of parish. O.J/. xxii. SE.; A.W. II. 46.
BERWICK ST. JAMES.
Barrows.
1. Barrow + mile N. of Yarnbury Castle. O.J/. 59 NE.; A.W. 1.
Station IIT.
2. Barrowimile N. of Druid’s Lodge, W. of Salisbury—Devizes Rd.
at 7 miles from Salisbury. O.Jf. 60 NW.; notin A. W.I. Station V.
South.
Earthworks. +3 of Yarnbury Castle is in this parish, 0.J/.59 NE. ; but
see Langford, Steeple.
Roman. On down apparently half-way between B. St. James and Yarn-
bury, site of British village. A.W. 1.95, Station III.
BERWICK ST. JOHN.
Barrows, 3
1. Barrow on Whitesheet Hill or Woodlands Down, just E. of the
Long Barrow (see Ansty). O.Jf. 69 SE.; A.W. I. Stations VIII. IX.
2, [2a]. Barrow 1 mile S.W. of last, 2 mile N.W. of Berwick St. John
village on point of Whitesheet Hill, [(2) Bowl-shaped, never
ploughed, 1913, M.E.C.] 0.4.69 SE.; A.W. I. Stations VIII, IX.
shows 2 barrows close together here.
On Winklebury Hill 8. of the Camp, A.W. 1. 248 Stations. VIII. IX.
shows 3 barrows; O.J/. 74 NE. shows 4(8 to 6); and Pitt Rivers
Excavations II. 257 Pl. cxlix shows 6 barrows. The second numbers
in brackets are those of Pitt Rivers.
3. (III.) The most northerly barrow just S. of the Camp. Opened
by Pitt Rivers, had been disturbed before. 0.1.74 NE.; #x., If. 258.
_ By the Rev. EL. H. Goddard. ils)
4. (I.) S. of the last, just on W. of ditch running N.W. toS.E.
Barrow with ditch and low bank outside it, and causeway across
ditch on E. Opened by Pitt Rivers. Large grave 8ft. 6in. x 6ft. 10in.
in centre, with stake-holes at corners and iron straps of coffin with
bones of skeleton which had been subsequently disturbed. Probably
Saxon skeleton which had replaced Bronze Age interment. Bronze
awl found in side of barrow. O.M/. 74 NE. Ex. IT. 257.
5. (IV.) Smaller barrow close on SE. side of last, opened by Pitt Rivers.
No ditch. In centre a cinerary urn full of small flint chips, no burnt
bones. 0.1.74 NE.; Fx. II. 258 Pl. cxlviii. 2.
6. (VI.) Very flat barrow, a little distance S. of two last. Opened
by Pitt Rivers. A few burnt bones in a deposit of wood ashes, covered
by large flint, and close to it a deposit of 64 small fragments of British
pottery, broken and deposited here purposely. O.U. 74 NE.; Ez.
II. 258.
[6a.] (V.) Bowl barrow just N.E. of last, S. of the ditch. Opened
by Pitt Rivers. A few fragments of pottery only. zx. II. 258 ; not
in O.M. 74 NE.
[6b.] (II.) Small very low barrow with slight ditch with causeway
across it on HE. Opened by Pitt Rivers. Saxon skeleton with iron
knife had probably displaced original interment. x. II. 259; not
in 0.M. 74 NE.
7. Barrow on S. edge of Ox Drove at Monks Down in W.end of Bridmore
Belt. O.M. 74; NE.; A.W. I. Stations VIII. IX.
Rushmore Park. 10 barrows opened 18S0—1884 by Pitt Rivers
(8—15), none of which are shown in A. W. I. Stations VIII. IX.
Group of 6 barrows close together in Barrow Pleck N. of S. Lodge,
% mile S. of House. 0.1. 74 SE. shows 3 only (8—10); Zz. II. 28,
plans Pl. \xxx, 1xxxi.
8. (XVIII) Very low barrow with ditch, between upper and lower
S. Rd. Opened by Pitt Rivers, no interment, flint scrapers & flakes
only. O.M.'74SE.; Ex. II. 19, 30.
9. (IV.) Barrow with ditch just on E. side of upper S. Rd. which
cuts into it. 40ft. diam., 8ft. 6in. high. In centre basin-shaped cist
oft. 9in. deep, empty, on the floor on one side of it heap of burnt
bones, on the other part of cin. urn upright. 0.17. 74SE.; Ea. II. 1),
29, Pl. Ixxxvii.
10. (IIL) Just N.E. of last, low barrow with ditch with causeway
across it on 8, opened by Pitt Rivers. Incentre in two basin-shaped
cists in chalk burnt bones and ashes, and fragments of broken pottery
placed with them. A stake-hole close to centre. On S. side 9
secondary interments, 8 by cremation in basin-shaped cists, and one
crouched skeleton. O.U/.74SE.; Hz. II. 29.
192 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
: @&
[10a.] (II.) Very small barrow touching W. side of (10). Opened &
by Pitt Rivers. Burnt bones only in central basin-shaped cist. a. —
II. 29; not in 0. 74 SE. :
[10b.] (XXI.) Very small low barrow on S.E. side of (10). Opened
by Pitt Rivers. Burnt bones in cist and fragments of pottery. Fa. .
II. 20, 37, Pl. Ixxxv. ; not in O.U. 74 SE.
[10c.] Barrow between 9 and [10a] had been removed before Pitt
Rivers’ time. Cinerary urn. Lz. IT. 40, Pl. Ixxxvii. Fig. 3; not :
O.M. 74 SE. '
11. (1.) Rolleston’s Barrow on E. side of lower S. Rd. in park just
S.E. of House (Prof. Rolleston was present at the opening by Pitt
Rivers 1880.) Very low barrow, in centre layer of charcoal and ashes”
9ft. x 6ft. with burnt bones, apparently burnt on the spot, with small
fragments of bronze. Flint scrapers in body of the mound. OW,
74 SE.; Ha. II. 1, 10, 22, 24, Pl. lxxvi., lxxxix.
12. (XX) Tinkley Coppice, Susan Gibbs Walk. Small barra
opened by Pitt Rivers. In grave 8ft. x 5ft. x 3ft. deep, a crouched
skeleton with drinking cup at feet. O.M. 74 SE.; Ez. II. 19, 26,
PI. Ixxvii.—lxxix.
On Tinkley Down 4 mile W. of last, 3 barrows opened by Pitt Rivers
1881 (13—15).
13. (VIII.) Most northerly barrow of the group. Rough flint axe,
borer, &. OU. 74 SE. Ez. II. 13.
14, (VII.) Small barrow S. of last, 18in. high. No interment found,
O.M.74 SE.; Ez. II, 13.
15. (VL) Small barrow just on E. side of last. Burnt bones, flint
flakes, and pottery fragments. O.Jf.74SE.; Fa. II. 13, Pl. lxxxyi.
16. Barrow S. of British village on Rotherley Down just on E. side of
track. O.0. 74 NE.
Barrow Hill, Rushmore, doubtless marks site of destroyed barrow.
[Barrow in Calcotts Wood E. of Barrow Pleck is in Dorset. O.JL 74
SE.]
Earthworks,
Winklebury Camp, a promontory camp occupying a point of the down
3 mile §.E. of village of Berwick St. John. Single ditch, an inner
and outer ward with rampart across isthmus of down, with 3 openings
in it. (Like -Oliver’s Camp, and Binknoll Camp.) Area,124 acres,
circumference 1056 yds., greatest depth of rampart 39ft. O.1/.69SE.;
74 NE. A.W. 1. 217 plan, 247, Stations VIII. & IX. . Excavated
by Pitt Rivers 1881—1882, believed by him to have been of Late Celti
date. Outside the E. rampart was a dwelling pit 7ft. deep and abou
12ft. square at the floor. Inside the camp were 6 circular rubbisi
=
By the Rev. H. H. Goddard, 193
pits and several similar pits outside the camp on the S. Chalk loom
weights, a bone comb, iron knife, bronze ring brooch, and flint flakes
were found in these, probably of Late Celtic date, and in one pit a
small urn-shaped vessel, and one of basin-shape, both handmade.
Hx. 11. 2429—246, Pls. exliv.—cxlviil.
South Lodge Camp, rectangular enclosure of little strength just N. of
South Lodge, Rushmore Park, excavated by Pitt Rivers, 1893, proved
to be of Bronze Age. A cinerary urn, 2 bronze razors, a narrow
bronze chisel, part of a broad flat fluted bronze bracelet, a bronze
looped :socketed spearhead, bone button, flint scrapers, were found
either on the bottom or in the silting of the ditches. O.Jf. 74 SE. ;
Ex. 1V.3—44, Pls. 234—241; W.A.M. xxvii. 206.
On White Sheet Hill at point of junction of Anstey, Alvediston, and
B. St. John, bank & ditch of great strength going S.E. as boundary
of Alvediston & B. St. John for a short distance and re-appearing
§.E. of Warren Copse. Northwards it is lost in cultivated land.
O.M. 69 SE. ; A.W. I. 249, Stations VIIT. & IX.
On Wingreen Hill in W. corner of parish on the line of the Ox Drove
called by Hoare “The Ridgeway,” a ditch and bank cutting across
the hill and parish boundary. O.U. 74 NE.; A.W. I. 248, Stations
VIII. & IX.
On Winkelbury Hill, S. of the Camp, ditch running N.W. to8.E. for 3
mile. 0.1.74 NE.
“Carrion Tree Rack” ditch just N. of Rushmore House, excavated by
Pitt Rivers. Quantity of Samian and other Roman pottery found
in silting. Probably of Romandate. O.M.74NE.; Ez. I. 241, 251.
Finds, Neolithic.
Fragment of ground flint celt, Chase Avenue, Rushmore. Pitt Rivers,
Ex, II. 48, Pl. xci. 1.
Flint scrapers. Rushmore. x. I. 248, Pl. xxii. 10, 11.
1 ground flint celt, half a ground celt of basalt, and another of other
- stone, with 1 tanged flint arrowhead and 2 ruder triangular ones, 57
flint scrapers, a flint knife, and flint hammer stones were found within
the area of the Romano-British village of Rotherley. Hx. II. 184, 186,
PI. cxxii., cxxili.
Finds, Beonze Age.
To the W. of the S. Lodge Camp, a pit 23ft. in diam. at top and ‘ft.
deep. Originally a dwelling pit, but with portions of a human
‘skeleton interred in the silting, was excavated by Pitt Rivers. A
well-formed chipped flint celt lay near the skeleton. Probably a
dwelling of the Bronze Age utilised fora later interment. Fz. IV.
28, 42, Pls. 239, 243.
Socketed looped spearhead found on Berwick Down 1905, another found
in Tinkley Coppice, Rushmore, 1900, both in Brighton Museum.
_ For Bronze Age objects see Earthworks, S. Lodge Camp, adove.
In the centre of the Romano-British village, a contracted interment of
the Bronze Age without any sign of a barrow, was found by Pitt
Rivers, a drinking cup at the feet of the skeleton. 2x. II. 50 Pi. xcii.
194 Lust of Prehistoric, ftoman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities,
Finds, Late Celtic.
For Winklebury Camp and dwelling pits of this age see above under
Earthworks.
Fragment of a “cordoned” pottery vessel of Late Celtic type found
with objects of Roman date in a trench in Rushmore Park. Fz. si
245, Pl. xxii, fig. 7.
In the Romano-British village of Rotherley Pitt Rivers found 2 Britisill )
uninscribed coins, both of the disjointed horse type, one of copper, the
other of silver. Hw. I. 152; II. 188, Pl. cxxiv. There were 2 bronze
brooches of “La Tene I.” type, Fx. Pl. xcvii. 5,6; Religuary, xiv. 95,
Sigs. 1&2; WAU. xxxv. 400, figs. 12,13; and 4 bronze and 2
iron proodies of La Tene III. type, with many of later Roman fashion,
Ex. pp. 116, 122, 124, Pls. xcix., c., ci. An iron door key is of Late
Celtic form, Pl. cv. 5, and nome OF the earthenware vessels of tazza
form, Pls. cix. 1; cx. 1, 3; cxiv. 8, appear to belong in type to the
same period. All now in Farnham Museum.
2 uninscribed British copper coins occurred with Romano-British notte
in a trench in the nursery gardens, Rushmore. yx. IV. 240 Pl. 317.
Roman.
Extensive Romano-British village on Rotherley Down with earthwork
completely excavated by Pitt Rivers, and the whole of the objects |
of bronze, iron, stone, bone, and pottery fully described and illus- }
trated Excavations, II. 51—231; O.U/. 74 NE.
Roman dyke, see above, ““ Carrion T'ree Rack,” under Earthworks.
Roman pottery found in S. Lodge Camp in upper part of silting 4
Ditches. W.A.M., xxvii., 213.
Trench of Rom. Brit. date near sunk fence in Rushmore Grounds,
opened by Pitt Rivers. £z. I. 245.
Romano-British Trench found in making nursery gardens, Rushmore, }
excavated by Pitt Rivers, coins and pottery. Ea. IV. 240, fig.
The district round Rushmore was very populous in the later Roman |
period, 12 or 18 sites of Roman villages and habitations within radius
‘of 6 or 7 miles. Pitt Rivers, W.A.M., xxv. 283.
Saxon.
To the 8. of Winklebury Camp, around Barrows 5 & 6, a Saxon ceme: |
tery containing 30 separate graves in 3 groups, in addition to the 2
Saxon interments in Barrows @ & [6b], was excavated by Pitt Rivers. |
A few iron knives, 3 glass beads, and other iron objects found. Zz.
II. 257, 259, Pl. exlix., cl.
BERWICK ST. LEONARD.
Earthworks. “Irregular earthen work with entrance to the south,”
apparently on Chilfinch Hill just at S. edge of Great Ridge)
Wood.. A.W. I. 105 Station IV. Marked as British village |
O.M. 58 SW.
ae -
7
By the Rev. LH. H, Goddard. 195
oman. British village with extensive banks, &c., on Chilfinch Hill N.
of Bake Barn and another just W. of it N. of Chicklade Bottom.
Roman pottery, coin of Carausius, &c., found by Hoare. O.JZ.
58 SW.; A.W. I. 105, Station IV.
BIDDESTONE.
arrows. Round barrow +-mile N.E. of Manor Farm at “ Bushy Bar-
row.” 0O.M.19 SE.
BISHOPS CANNINGS.
arrows.
1,2. Just S. of Wansdyke, and a little to E. of its junction with
Roman Rd. at Morgan’s Hill, a large bowl-shaped barrow opened
by Thurnam (No. 3) who found nothing but 2 layers of wood
ashes, and concluded it was not sepulchral. “ An adjacent mound
may be of similar character.” O.1/. 27 SW. shows 2 barrows
here. A.W. II. 29 Pl. V.; Stukeley, Abwy, Pl. X; W.AJL vi.
318 ; Smith p. 57 III. B. VI. e.
In the triangle formed by the Wansdyke, the Roman Rd., and
the Marlborough—Devizes Rd., on Morgan’s Hill or N. Down.
O.M. 27 SW. marks 29 or 30 barrows; A.W. IL. Stations XI.,
XII. shows 24 ; Smzth shows 32 or 33.
3. A very low barrow close N. of Wansdyke at W. end of triangle,
(No. 5) of Thurnam who opened it. Burnt bones and flint
flakes only. Smith p. 57 IIL. B. VI. h.; W.A.M vi. 319. (Itis
very doubtful if thisis the barrow referred to by Thurnam).
OM, 27 SW. .
4, To E. ofthis and 4+-mile N.W. of the square earthwork, a low
bowl-shaped barrow without ditch, has been opened. Norecord.
O.M. 27 SE. ; Smith p. 57 III. C. VI. c.
5. To E. of this and ;-mile N. of the square earthwork a low bowl- '
shaped barrow, without ditch, not opened. O.J/. 27SE. ; Smith
p. 57 III. C. VI. b.
To E. of this 5 barrows in a line close together 6—10.
6. large bell-shaped barrow, 7ft. high, with large ditch and vallum.
outside it. Opened 1804 by W. Cunnington. No record.
Opened again by Thurnam without result. 0.1. 27 SE. ; Smith
_ p. 102, VIL. D. VI.1; W.A_d. vi. 319.
7. large bowl-shaped barrow. Opened, no record. O.M. 27 SE.;
Smith p. 102, VIL. D. VI. k.
8. Very large bell-shaped barrow with ditch. Opened, no record.
O.M. 27 SE. ; Smith p. 102, VII. D. VI. i.
Very large wide-mouthed urn, 15in. x 12in., with burnt bones
Had been opened in 1804 by W. Cunnington, no record. OJ
27 SH.; Smeth p. 102, VII. D. VI. f. ; WAM. vi. 319. é
aaslpeisiee by W. Garninneen 1804, ‘No record. 0.M. 27 SE.; a
ymith p. 102 VII. D. VI. e. © q
[To E. of these, another group of 4 barrows in line, W. of the track
from Oldbury (11—14). O.M. 27 SE.]
11. Disc barrow, 36 yds. diam. O.M. 27 SE. ; Smith p. 102, VIE. D.
VI. d. j
12. large disc barrow with small tumulus in centre, 48 yds. diam.
Not opened. O.M. 27 SE.; Smith p. 102 VII. D. VI. c. .
13. Very large and high bell ine opened. No record. 0. ML. 27,
SE. ; Smith p. 101, VII. D. VI. b. i
14, Moe ath of this group is described by Smzth p. 101 VII. D. VLa
as “a circular pit, beautifully shaped, 36 yds. in diam., one of
the so-called ‘ Pond Barrows.” O.J. 27 SE. -
15. To &. of this group a shallow dise-shaped barrow, opened. No
record., O.M. 27 SE. ; Smzth p. 103 VII. D. VL. u.
[One of a group of 4 barrows under Morgan’s Hill, N.W. from Shepherd’
Shore, a disc barrow opened by W. Cunnington 1804 containe
“burnt bones, a piece of slate and a neat little urn, several long
amber beads, and two ivory or bone beads” (probably those it
Devizes Meee Stourhead Cat., 232a, 297, 302). This may be
Barrow oe) and the other 3 may ibe (11, 13, 14).
bones. a dise Asie a little way off had “a skeleton, and a small
rude urn of burnt bones inverted over the skull beneath (sic) the
primary interment, with two oblong beads.” This may perharg
Barrow (15). Fa
of Opened eight or nine more, in the group near the Roman Rd. ascend
ing Oldbury Hill, but and nothing new.” These may possibly be
those close to the fox covert in Avebury Parish. Hoare’s MS
Notes, W.A.M. xxii. 237.] |
16. To E. of the last and just W. of track from Oldbury, a wide low
barrow which has been ploughed over and opened. No record
O.M. 27 SE. ; Smith p. 103, VII. D. VI. w. [Under plough 191%
M.E.C.]
17,18. E. of the track from Oldbury, 2 barrows, both ploughet
over. O.M. 27 SE.; Smith p. 108, VII. D. VI. x, y. (Ue
plough 1913, M.E.C. ] 4
[18a]. Just S. of these a mound, apparently a barrow. Smith p
103, VIL. D. VI. v.; not on O.Jf, 27.SE. q
By the Rev. LE. H. Goddard. Wa
[To. E. of these and elose on N. side of Devizes Rd. a group of 5
barrows together (19—23). O.Jf 27 SE.; Hoare shows these
as 7 round barrows.
19. Large high bell-shaped barrow, with ditch and a sarsen stone at
base. Opened, no record. 0.4.27 SE.; Smith p. 103, VII. D.
VI. o. [Formerly ploughed, now under grass 1913, M.E.C.]
20. Large low barrow, of long shape, much spread about and ploughed
down, not opened? Hoare shows 5 round barrows here only.
OM. 27 SE.; A.W. II. Stations XL, XL. ; Smzth p. 103, VII.
D. VI. p. [Not really a long barrow, still under plough 1913,
M.E.C.]
21. Large high bell-shaped barrow. Opened, no record. OM. 27.
SE. ; Smith p. 103, VII. D. VI. gq. [Very much ploughed down
; 1913, M.E.C.]
22. High bell-shaped barrow with wide ditch. Opened, no record.
O.M, 27 SE. ; Smith p. 103 VII. D. VI. r. [Never ploughed,
M.E.C.]
23. Wide low barrow on N. side of group. Opened, no record. O.M/.
27 SE. ; Smith p. 103, VII. D. VI. 3. [Never ploughed, M.E.C. ]
24,25. To N. and N.W. of this group, 2 barrows in 0.1. 27 SE,
not shown by Smith.
26. To E. 4-mile from the group, a large low barrow with ditch.
Opened, no record. 0.1. 27 SE.; Smith p. 105, VII. E. VI. k.
[Close to junction of Roman and Devizes Rds., touching the Roman
Rd., Smith notes a circular ring possibly a large disc barrow, or
possibly a modern ditch, not on O.U, 27 SE. ; Smith p. 104,
VIL. E. VL. a.
27,28. Just N. of Wansdyke at Old Shepherd’s Shore, a group of
a small bowlshaped barrow, opened, no. record, and a small
dise-shaped barrow with double ditch, both now mutilated by
flint diggers, and close to them a circular hollow or “ Pond Bar-
row.” Smith pp. 65, 66, IV: C. VII. 1, m,n; OW 34 NE.
shows the 2 barrows.
[28a]. Half-way between Blackland Hollow and Old Shepherd’s
Shore a little distance N. of Wansdyke, a large wide barrow,
very low and inconspicuous, 2ft. high. Opened by Thurnam
(No. 4). In centre in round cist a heap of burnt bones covered
with ashes and 2 beautiful barbed and tanged flint arrowheads
and a rudely-formed knife. Notin O.Jf. (1); W.A.Jf vi. 319 ;
Arch. XLII. 420, fig. I11.; Smeth p. 63, 1V. B. VIL. f.
A large cin. urn from a barrow W. of Shepherd’s Shore now ploughed
down, is in Devizes Museum, Cat. II. X15 fig,; W.A.W. VI. 397.
| Group of 5 barrows at Baltic Farm, just N. of junction of Wansdyke
and Devizes Rd. at Shepherd’s Shore. OW. 34 NE.
29, 30,31. Triplet of 3 barrows enclosed in the same ditch, now
much mutilated. One of them a large bell-shaped barrow at
_ the N. end opened by Hoare 1814 gave no sign of any interment,
198 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
opened again by W. Cunnington 1852 with same result; the
second a small bow]-shaped barrow between the two large oneg
opened by W. Cunnington 1804, contained burnt bones in an
oblong cist with a jet ornament and a bone pin. Opened agait
by Hoare 1814 when a cist containing burnt bones with jet
ornament, bone arrowhead, pin, etc., was found. The third,4
large bowl-shaped barrow, opened by Hoare, contained burnt
bones. O.UM. 34 NE.; A.W. II. 92; Arch. xxxii. 457; WAM
vi. 317 5 xxil. 237 ; Smith p. 66, IV. C. VIL. 0, p, q
32. A large low homer not opened.O,J/. 34 NE. ; Smith p. 66, IV,
C. VII. r.
33. A large bowl barrow, 54ft. high, no ditch. Opened by Thurnam
1855 (No. I.), burnt bones in shallow cist in centre. O.Jf 34 |
NE.; W.A.JL. vi. 317; Smith p. 66, IV. C. VII. s.
[33a, 33b.] A little to N.E. of the Waterworks and near W. side of }}
road, 2 wide barrows formerly existed, now completely ploughed
down. Smith p. 111, VIII. D. VII. t, u ; not on O.M. 34 N
At Old Shepherd’s Shore in the angle between the &. side of the dyke
and the N. side of the Old Rd., Smzth p. 65, IV. C. VII. b, ¢, e, f, hy |
marks a group of 5 barrows. Of these O. M 34 NE. marks 1 barrow |
(35); and 3 “ mounds” (34, 34a, 36).
34 (b). Small bowl-shaped barrow, opened, no record.
34a (h?). Small barrow or mound ?
35 (e). Large bowl-shaped barrow, opened by Thurnam, 1856 (No. 2)
In an oval cist a contracted skeleton. Cran. Brit. Il. 32
W.AM. vi. 318.
36, [36a], (f%), (e 2). Small barrows or mounds ?
37,(37a]. W. of these and S. of Wansdyke 2 low’ bowl-shaped
barrows, not opened, of which O0.1/. 34 NE. shows the first (87)
but not the second. Smzth p. 65, IV. B. VII. g; IV. C. VILi
(837b, 37c]. W. of these again but E. of the Calne—Devizes Rd. and
just S. of Wansdyke, Smith shows 2 large bow]-shaped barrows
opened, no record. Smith p. 63, IV. B. VII. b, ¢; not on
38. i-mile S.W. of Shepherd’s Shore and W. of the Daeiens R
lone barrow, once large, now ploughed down. O.Jf, 34
Smith p. 66, IV. C. VII. u.
39. OnE. end of Roundway Hill, NE. of the Chalk Pit, bowl-shaped
barrow, 40ft. diam., 34ft. high, opened by Thurnam. Cist foun
but no signs of interment. Had been opened before. O.J/ 34
NW.: W.A.M. vi. 162 (No. 5 in plan) ; Smith p. 69, IV. B.VIII
2),
By the Rev. LE. H. Goddard. 199
40. To E. of this on the extreme point of the hill over Bps. Cannings
| a very low barrow. O.df. 34 NW.; Smith p. 70, IV. B. VIII. c,
E. of the Devizes—Beckhampton Rd. and S. of Wansdyke. OJ,
34 NE.
41. Barrow +-mile S. of Shepherd’s Shore, much ploughed down.
O.M. 34 NE. ; Smith p. 70, IV. C. VIII. a.
42,43. On Easton Hill, N.E. of Easton Farm, and +-mile S. of
Wansdyke, 2 bowl-shaped barrows. O.M. 34 NE.; Smith p,
113, VIII. D. VIII. b, c.
44. KE. of thison Kitchen Barrow Hill, Long barrow, marked ‘‘Kitchen
Barrow” on O.M. 34 NE. [? this is apparently Thurnam’s
“ Horton Barrow ”]; Stati p. 114, VIL. E. VIII. hb. See appen-
dix, Long Barrows.
45. N. of this is another rach 1a barrow. O.W. 34 NE. ; Smith p.
114, VIII. E. VIIL. i. [Has every appearance of being a round
barrow damaged by stone diggersand plough. 1913. M.E.C.
On the next point of hill to the E. close to Allington boundary, a
group of 4 barrows (46—49). O.U/. 34 NE.3 Smith pp. 113;
114, VILI. E. VIII. a, b, c. shows 3 only.
46 (a). Bowl-shaped, operied by Thurnam, burnt bones with glass
bead, and 3 beads and pendant of jet. W.A.M. vi. 324 (No. 15).
47 (b). Large bowl-shaped barrow with ditch, opened by Thurnam.
Disc of flint found. W.A.J. vi. 325.
48 (c). Large bowl-shaped barrow with ditch, opened by Thurnam.
Cin, urn with burnt bones, inverted ona flat stone. W.A.M.
vi. 325 (No. 16).
49. Bishops Cannings Down, barrow on parish boundary, just to S.
of the above 3. O.J/. 34 NE.
[Barrows 46—49 all on steep hill sideand never ploughed. 1913.
M.E.C.]
E. of Devizes—Beckhampton Rd. and N. of Wansdyke. O.1/. 34
NE. 3 small barrows close together in line just N.K. of Shep-
herds Shore, and opposite Baltic Farm. O.J/. 34 NE.
50—52. (d) Very small, no ditch, opened, no record ; (e) very low,
no ditch, opened, no record ; (f) very small and low, opened by
Thurnam, shallow grave 2ft. deep with skeleton of female, a few
ox teeth under the turf. O.1/. 34NE.; W.A.W. vi. 323(No. 6);
Smith p. 110, VIII. D. VII. d, e, f.
53. Small low barrow at 5th mile from Devizes, closeto Rd. Opened,
no record. O.M/. 34 NE.; Smith p. 111, VIII. D. VII. r.
54. Barrow to S.E. of this on slope of down, very low with large
ditch and bank outside it. Opened by Hoare 1814. A grave
with skeleton and drinking cup at. the head. The subject of a
poem by the Rev. John Skinner entitled “ Beth Pennard or the
British Chieftain’s Grave.” O.1f. 34 NE.; A.W. II. 93 Pl. xxxv;
200 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
Proc. Ar. Inst., Salisbury, p. 109 fig. 10; W.A.M. iv. 361 note;
vi. 321, 322; Stourhead Cat., 296, fig.; Smith p. 109, VIII. I
VIL. b.
55. Barrow N.E. of the last, small bowl-shaped, with ditch. Opened,
no record. O.M/. 27 SE. ; Smith p. 110 VILE. D. VIL. c.
[55a, 55b]. 2 barrows to E. or N.E. of this on brow of hill. Both
opened, no record. Smith p. 112 VIII, E. VIL e, m; not on
OM, 27 SE.
56—59. Roughridge Hill, group of 4 small barrows close eee ’,
just N. of Wansdyke. OM. 34 NE.
(h) Bowl-shaped, no ditch, opened by W. Cunnington. Burnt
bones only.
G) Low,without ditch, opened by Thurnam, burnt bones of femal
or young person. WA. M. vi. 323 (No. 7).
(k) Very low, opened by W. Cunnington, burnt bones.
(1) Low with slight ditch, opened by W. Cunnington, burnt
bones. O.M. 37 NE.; W.A.M. vi. 323; Smith, p. 110, VIII. D.
’ VIL. h, i, k, 1.
60. Close to these and close to Wansdyke, a very diminutive barrow, |
no ditch. Opened, ? no record. OJ. 34 NE.; Smith p. 110,
VIII. D. VIII. d.
Just N.E. of this group Smith shows 8 barrows close together (61 |
—63).
61 (0). Wide, low, bowl-shaped, opened by Thurnam (No. 8). Burnt
bones with ashes and pottery fragments, and 2 pins of ivory?
In British Museum. OJ. 34 NE.; W.A.M. vi. 323; Arch |
xliii. 490, fig. 185; Smith p. 110, VIIT. D. VIL. 0. fig. 67.
62 (p). Wide low bowl-shaped, no ditch. Opened by Thurnam (No:
9). Burnt bones only. O.Jf. 34 NE.; WAIL. vi. 323 ; Smith
Tos alas, WGN ID) WALES 19)
[62a] (q). Very wide low barrow, indistinct, not on O.J/ 34
Opened by Thurnam (No. 10). Burnt bones at a depth of
much burnt wood and ashes, bow]-shaped incense cup, and long
bone bead. In British Museum. W.A.d. vi. 323; Smith p.
111, figs. 68, 69, VIII. D. VIL. q. ; Arch. xliii. 360 fig. 38.
63, 64. To N. of these on E. side of hill, 2 low barrows. O.J/. 34
NE. ; Smith p. 110, VIII. D. VIL. m. n.
65, Easton Down. Long Barrow lying E. & W. largest end to the E,
opened by Thurnam (No. 18). Scattered bones of 4 persons at
E.end. 0.0. 34NE.; W.A.M. vi. 324; Smith p. 112, VIIL B
VIL. g. See appendix Tone Barrows.
66. To N. of Long Barrow a very large bell-shaped barrow on brow
of hill with deep ditch, opened by Thurnam (No. 12). A heay
of burnt bones with quantity of ashes. Nearer the surface:
By the Rev. FE. H. Goddard. 201
grooved bone pin with animal bones. O.Jf, 34 NE.; W.A.J.
Vi., 323 ; Smith p. 112, VIII. E. VII. f. [Part of mound and
ditch carted away, never ploughed but much cut about and
damaged, 1913, M.E.C.]
67. To N.W. of these a low bowl-shaped barrow with slight ditch,
opened by Thurnam (No. 11). Burnt bones and teeth of ox.
O.M. 34 N.E.; WAM. vi. 323; Smith p. 112, VIII. E. VII. i.
[67a.] S. of Long Barrow and just N. of earthwork on Wansdyke a
very low wide bowl-shaped barrow, no ditch. Not opened. ? Not
on O.M. 34 NE.; Smith p. 114, VIII. E. VIII. g.
68. E. of thisand 3 mile N. of Wansdyke a low bowl-shaped barrow
with ditch. OM. 34 NE.; Smith p. 114, VIII. E. VIII. e.
[68a.] N.E. of Long Barrow, close to track from Horton to Beck-
hampton, small barrow opened by Thurnam (No. 14). Burnt
bones only. Notin 0.17. 34NE.; W.A.IL. vi. 324 ; Smith p. 113
VIII. E. VIL. n.
[It is difficult to say which of Smith’s two barrows is represented on
O.M. . Possibly 68 and 68a should be transposed].
Horton Down, EF. side,close to Allington boundary, 3 barrows (69—71)
close together and 1 to SW. OW 35 N.W.; Smith p. 113,
VIII. F. VII. a, b, ¢, d.
69. (a) Very flat, with bank and ditch. In centre.
70. (b) Very high bowl-shaped, without ditch, opened, no record.
Easternmost.
71. (c) Bowl-shaped, without ditch, opened, no record. Western-
most.
72. (d) Bowl-shaped, opened, no record.
73—75. Beckhampton Down, 58. of Devizes—Beckhampton Rd., at
6 miles from Devizes, 3 barrows close together near Rd., all bowl-
shaped, much ploughed down, and opened without record. OM.
27 SE. ; Smith p. 104, VII. E. VI. f, g, h.
76. A little nearer Beckhampton a very long large barrow, mutilated &
ploughed over. Red deer horns found when the top was levelled
1879. Devizes Museum. O.M.27SE.; Smith p. 105, VII. E.
VI. 1. [Possibly the long barrow referred to by Thurnam as
“ Bishops Cannings.” M.E.C.].
77, 78. Just to S. & E. of this, 2 barrows mutilated, and ploughed
over, a quantity of pottery fragments on one of them (n). O.J/.
27 SE.; Smith p. 105, VII. E. VI. (m, n).
Further E. on the down 2 barrows and a “‘mound” on O.W. 27 SE.
Smith p. 105, VIL. E. VI. 0, p, 5, shows 3 barrows (79—81).
79 (0). Large low bowl-shaped, ploughed over.
80 (p). Low wide barrow, nearly ploughed down.
81 (5). Large bowl-shaped, with trench across the middle.
YL. XXXVIII.MNO. CXX. P
202 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities,
82,83. Just on W. side of plantation near Rd., 2 wide flat barrow
nearly ploughed down. O.J/.27SE.; Smith pp. 104, 105, VIL)
E. VI. i, j.
Inside the plantations at Beckhampton Buildings, 4 barrows
O.M. 27 SE. ; Smith pp. 105, 106, VII. E. VI. q, r,s, I. .
84 (q). Small, nearly ploughed down.
85(r). Large bowl-shaped, apparently not opened.
86 (s). Wide low bowl-shaped.
87 (1). Low, irregular, may not be a barrow.
88. On Avebury boundary, 1 mile 8.W. of Beckhampton, on the
training course, on top of hill, a peculiar barrow, flat, depressec
in centre, with bank, ditch, and ridge all round. Not opened
O.M. 28 SW.; Smith p. 106. VII. E. VI. 4.
89. A very large high, bell-shaped barrow, just to W. of it, opened,
no record. 0.1.28 SW.; Smith p. 106 VII. F. VI. a.
Erratum p. 197. Barrow 21 for “very much ploughed down” read “ has
never been ploughed.” M.E.C.
For other barrows formerly in Bishop’s Cannings see Roundway.
Earthworks.
Wansdyke runs across the parish from Morgan’s Hill, crosses Devi
Road at Shepherd’s Shore and on to Tan Hill, everywhere a st
rampart to S. and ditch to N. and a smaller bank on the N. edge
the ditch. Pitt Rivers in 1889 cut two sections through it, one On|
Morgan’s Hill near Old Shepherd’s Shore, one at Brown’s Barn §. of |
Easton Down. Iron knife, nail, cleat, clay sling pellet, and fragments
of bead rim and Samian pottery found on original surface under
rampart proved it to be of late Roman or post Roman date. Models
of sections and objects found in Farnham Museum. 4
At Brown’s Barn a rectangular earthwork adjoins N. side of Wand
its ditch passing under the mound on the N. side of Wansdyke,
no sign was found of it on 8. side of Wansdyke. O.J/. 34
A.W. II. 29; Pitt Rivers’ Excavations, III. 245—276, plans; Si
VIII. E. VIII. f.
Large rectangular enclosure on Morgan’s Hill N.of Wansdyke, excavate
by B. H. Cunnington 1909. Probably medieval. O.. 27 SE
W.A.M. xxxvi. 590; Smith IV. C. VII. d.; A.W. II. 97.
Large rectangular enclosure at the rifle range S. of Morgan’s Hill, W
of Blacklands to Cannings Rd, used to be called ‘‘ Breach Barton
Roman coins said to have been found in the bank. ? Medieval. OW
34 NW.; Smth IV. B. VIII. d.
Large square enclosure 4 mile N. of Wansdyke on Horton Down,
each way with rampart 4ft. high and ditch outside entrances 0
side, ramparts highest at the corners, strong. O.J/.34 NW. ; Smithp,
112, VIII. E. VII. a.; Proc. Arch. Inst. Salisbury 101 (No. IL.).
By the Rev. LE. H. Goddard. 203
N.W. of the last on the same down on E. side of training course a cluster
_ of square, circular, and oblong enclosures adjoining each other, a large
Sarsen in the most northern circle. Banks and ditches in places of
large size. O.1.34 NE.; Smith VIII. E. VIL. b.
N.W. of these again on W. side of training course and track from
Beckhampton buildings scattered over the down are five or six similar
enclosures. O.M/.27SE.; Smzth p. 112, VIII. E., VIL. c,d, k,1; Proc.
Arch. Inst. Salisbury 101 (No. IIJ.). Smith remarks that these en-
closures are more frequent on this down than anywhere else.
On Bishops Cannings Down S.E. of barrows (63, 64) and N. of
Wansdyke, Smith notes that the flat top of Roughridge Hill is en-
closed by bank and ditch. A cattle pen orcamp? O.M 34NE.;
Smith p. 111, VIII. D. VII. v.
Hut circles. At Old Shepherd’s Shore where Old Bath Rd. cuts.
Wansdyke, just on N. side of the Dyke between old road and angle
where the Dyke turns W. 22 ring mounds about 17—20ft. diam., all
close together except one 60 yds. to N., like hut circles. Only rings
of turf, no excavation in the chalk. Examined by B. H. Cunnington
(1909) but nothing found to prove their age. ? Ancient or Civil War.
Not shown in Smith or OW. 34 NE.
Ais, Neolithic.
Many flint implements on arable fields about Shepherd’s Shore. ' B. H.
Cunnington.
‘The ploughed ground all round about Barrow (16) O.M. 27 SE. arich
site for worked flints especially scrapers, weathered white like those
| of Windmil] Hill, Avebury. M.E.C.
iis, Bronze Age.
|. contracted interment in grave without a barrow “ above Wansdyke.”
| Proc. Arch. Inst. Salisbury 110, fig. 15.
\ similar interment found 1912 by chalk diggers near Old Shepherd’s
Shore, near Barrow (36) in grave 3ft. long and 1ft. 6in. deep. Bone
‘implement and two sarsen hammerstones, Devizes Museum. W.A.1.
imerary urn from large barrow W. of Shepherd’s Shore now destroyed.
Devizes Museum, Cat. II. X15; W.A.W. vi. 397.
jronze ring-headed pin, surface, Shepherd's Shore, 1911, Devizes
\ Museum, Cat. II. Bléa ; WAM. XXXVIi. 110 jig.
orin. The line of the Roman Road Bath to Cunetio forms N. boundary
}of parish from its junction with Wansdyke to the Beckhampton—
Devizes Road. O.M. 27 SE.
; Wick, nr. Devizes, several hundred coins found, 1699. W.A.If. vi.
138.
fh top of Roundway Hill round Barrow (40) abundance of Romano-
_) British pottery shows in molehills, probably site of settlement. O.M.
BANW. M.E.C.
204 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
BISHOPSTONE, N. WILTS.
[6 Barrows on Idstone Down are just over.the Berkshire and Idsto
boundary.) O.2/.17 SW.
Earthworks.
“Old Ditch” on Bishopstone Down runs for about 4 mile across B
border on to Idstone Down. O.1,178.W.
The Ridgeway running along the escarpment from Berkshire, cros
the parish from N.E. to S.W. O.Jf 16SE.; A.W. II. 46.
BISHOPSTONE, S. WILTS.
Barrows.
1, 2, Two barrows close together S. of Salisbury Rd. and Wil
boundary at the Hare Warren. O.U. 66 SW.; A.W. I. Stati
VIIT., 1X., shows two barrows N. of the Rd. apparently in er
3. Barrow N.W. of Bishopstone village, just E. of track at C
Hollow. O.M. 70 NE.; not in A.W. I. Stations VIII, IX.
4. Barrow; mile N.E.‘of Croucheston Down Barn, E. of the ben
the N. in the Roman Rd. O.J/. 70 SE.
[4a, 4b.] A.W. I. Station VII. shows a barrow close to (4)
another near, on E. edge of Roman Rd. Not in O.Jf. 70
A.W. II. Roman Cira p. 25 plan of Roman Rd. shows 4 bar
at this point.
5. Barrow 4 mile N. of last, just on E. side of Roman Rd. O.
SE. ; A.W. I. Station VII.
{[5a.] A.W. I. Station VII. shows a barrew on the opposite, W.,
of Roman Rd. just N. of (5). NotinO.M.70SE. A.
Roman Gira 28 plan of Roman Rd. says a mutilated barro
6, 7. Sites of 2 barrows close together just S. of Faulston Down!
and Ox Drove, N. of Salisbury-Blandford Rd. at 6 miles
Salisbury. O.Jf. 71 SW.; not in A.W. I. Station VII.
[For barrow on Burcombe boundary see Burcombe (1).]
From a barrow in Bishopstone came the plain tub-shaped urn 2
high X 16}in. diam. at the lip, the largest ever found in Wil
Salisbury Museum. Arch. xlili.350, fig. 28 ; Stourhead Cat. 257
Earthworks. Grim’s Ditch, running roughly E. to W., forms the
S. boundary of Bishopstone and of the county (Wilts and
O.M.'70 SE.; 71 SW.; A.W. I. 282, Station VII.
chipped flint celts, 3 small ground flint celts, flint knife.
Museum.
Bronze Age Finds. Bronze palstave, of rare form 23in. long with
slots and wide semilunar edge, 1873. Blackmore Museum. JV.
Xxxvii. 131.
By the Rev. LE. H. Goddard. 205
Three examples of “‘ Ring Money,” gold plated over a bronze core; one
in possession of Dr. Blackmore found ‘‘ between Bishopstone and
Broad Chalke” 1887, a second in the same locality 1891, a third in
possession of J. H. Dibben found cir. 1907. Reliquary & Illust. Arch.
xiv. 246 jig. 10; W.A.M. xxxvii. 156 fig.
Bronze socketed looped spearhead near the top of a barrow 1873.
Blackmore Museum. W.A.M. xxxvii. 142.
toman. Roman Rd. Dorchester to Old Sarum enters Bishopstone at the
angle at the Knighton High Wood, turns N.E. again and for 1 mile is
visible, after this its course only between Bishopstone and Stratford
Tony villages and into the latter parish is marked on O.Jf, 70 SE. ;
71 NW.
BISHOPSTROW.
arrows.
1. Large barrow on summit of Middle Hill opened by Hoare 1809
had been opened before. O.1/. 52 NW.; A.W. I. 69, Station II.
[1a, 1b, 1c.] 2 smaller barrows close together on S.W. point of hill
(in Bishopstrow or Norton Bavant) opened by Hoare 1809, each
had an interment of burnt bones. A third barrow unopened is
shown close to these two in A.W. 1. 69, Station II. Neither of
these shown on O.J/, 52 N.W.
2 (2a). Large round barrow in grounds just E. of Bishopstrow House,
close to Boreham Long Barrow, or “King Barrow” (see
Warminster Barrow 14). O.7. 52 NW.; A.W. I. Station II.
shows 2 barrows here.
farthworks. “Qld Ditch” coming from Warminster Down crosses
Bishopstrow Down and parish, running S.E. into Norton Bavant.
O.M. 45 SW. ; 52, NW.; A.W. I. Station II.
"inds, Neolithic. Two polished flint celts, Devizes and Blackmore
| Museums. Evans’ Stone, 92.
Short polished celt of greensand Chert. Devizes Museum Cat. II. 8.
inds, Late Celtic. Bronze bow brooch of La Tene I. type. in posses-
sion of G. N. Temple. Reliquary, xiv. 95, fig.3; W.A.. xxxv.
399, fig. 6.
oman. For villasat Pitmead see Sutton Veny.
At “The Buries” W. of Rd. and S. of Boreham Mill Hoare found area
of 50 acres surrounded by a vallum in every part of which he dug
Up quantities of pottery, &c. A Station he says. O.M. 52 SW.;
| A.W. II. 108 plan.
BLACKLAND, see CALNE WITHOUT.
|
|
206 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
BLUNSDON ST. ANDREW.
Earthworks. “Bury Blunsdon” Camp or Castle Hill just W. of Upper
Burytown Farm 3 mile N.E. of Broad Blunsdon (St. Leonard’s)
Church. Ramparts only to the S. of moderate height, natural slope”
of ground to N. only defence. Area 7 acres, 3 roods, 17 perches.
Hoare thought it Saxon. 0.17.10 NE.; A.W. IL. 39.
Finds, Bronze Age. Bronze looped palstave 53in. long found at
Burytown on high ground S. of farm, 1906. Im private hands.
Roman. Ermine Street forms parish boundary from Latton boundary to
Blunsdon House and then runs on 8. E. through parish to Kingsdown,
O.M. 10 NE. and SE.
BOSCOMBE.
Roman. The line of the Portway, from Old Sarum to Silchester, runs
across the parish parallel and close on the N. or W. side of the L. &
S.W. Railway. OJ. 61 SW. & NW.
BOWERCHALKE.
Barrows.
1—4. On Marleycombe Hill 4 mile S.W. of Bowerchalke Church, N.
of the Ox Drove, 0.17. 70 SW. shows 3 barrows (1—38) close
together and 1 (4) to the S.W. of them. A.W. I. Stations VIIL,
IX. shows 7 barrows here close together.
5, 6. Above Woodhouse Hanging, 4 mile S.W. of Woodminton, 0.1,
70 SW. shows 2 barrows close together, apparently not in A. WL.
Station VIIT. IX.
7. Barrow on W. side of enclosure at Kast Chase Farm §. of the Ox
Drove. O.M.75 N.W.
8. Barrow + mile W. of the last. O.M@.75 NW.
A.W. I. Stations VIII., IX. shows 2 barrows N. of Ox Drove here, E.
and W. of the British village [possibly the latter is (9)], but
marks none 8S. of the Drove.
9. Barrow N. of Ox Drove, $ mile S. of Woodminton, O.M.75 NW.;
A.W. 1. Stations VIII., IX.
In a barrow opened 1883 was found a large tub-shaped urn. Salisbury
Museum. Stourhead Cat. 257 note.
Earthworks. Hoare, A./W. I. 245, Stations VIII, I[X., shows Bokerly
Ditch after crossing Roman Rd. at E Woodyates running across
W. Woodyates and diagonally across Grimsditch to the N.W. over
Wilts border to Bowerchalke Down, and into a large British village
there about 1 mileS. of Bowerchalke village. O.M.'75 NW. shows
Bokerly Ditch running E. to W. through East and West Woodyates,
but does not continue it across the Wilts border.
By the Rev. EF. H. Goddard. 207
Grims Ditch (0... 75 NW.) is shown as running through part of
Pentridge (Dorset) E. to W. and crossing Wilts border and entering
Bowerchalke at Shire Rack pointing S.W.
N. of this and 8. of Ox Drove which runs EK. and W. through the parish,
O.M. 73 N.W. shows a series of short lengths of ditch all running
roughly N. & S., viz. :—
“Great Ditch Banks” just W. of East Chase Farm.
- Another ditch just on E. side of track 4 mile W. of last.
A short length pointing N.W. & S.E, to W. of last and N.E. of
Stanchill Cottages.
Two ditches coming out of N. end of Stonedown Wood, one E. and
the other W. of Dank Wood corner.
_A short semicircular ditch on Marleycombe Hill close to Barrows (1—3).
ands, Late Celtic. Fragments of pottery, some leather brown and
polished, some painted red. Blackmore Museum.
oman. British village + mile S. of Woodminton Farm, W. of track.
0.M. 70 SW.
A large British village 3 mile S.E. of last, N.W. of East Chase Farm, on
N. side of Ox Drove, about 1 mile south of Bowerchalke. O.M. 75
NW.; A.J. I. 245, Stations VIII., IX.
BOX.
arrows.
1—3. Three barrows close together in field adjoining and 8.W. of
Hatt House. O.J/. 25 SW.
arthworks. Roman Rd. and Wansdyke combined form 8. boundary of
parish throughout, called the Wansdyke here. O.M. 25 SE.; A.W.
II. 16—33, 78.
A ditch ? shown on King’s Down just N. of Kingsdown Farm. O.M.
25 SW.
inds, Late Celtic. Very large and fine bronze brooch of “ La Tene I.”
_ type found near, 1906. Brit. Museum.
oman. A large villa with fine pavements just S. of Church, excavated
partly 1881, more completely 1902. Altar, sculpture, capital, and
other objects, Devizes Museum. Gent. Mag., 1831, Pt. I., 595 ; 1833
Pt. I. 357, 358; Brit. Arch. Jour. xvi. 340; W.A.M. xxvi. 405 ;
XKVill, 258 ; xxxili. 236 figs.
| BOYTON.
arrows.
1. Corton Long Barrow on Barrow Hill, 216ft. long x 25ft. wide,
opened by W. Cunnington 1801 and 1804. O.M. 58 NW. See
Appendix, Long Barrows.
208 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
2. Barrow on Heytesbury boundary, 1 mile W. of Corton Down, N-.
of Long Bottom. (The barrow close to it is in Heytesbury)
O.M. 58 NW.; A.W.I. Station IV.
3. Barrow 3 mile E. of last at end of Well Bottom, W. of track, W.
of Corton Down. O.M.58NW.; A.W. 1. Station IV.
4. Barrow ? mile W. of Boyton Field Farm, 4 mile S. of Corton
Field, ““in Boyton Manor, on a neck of land projecting from
the Great Ridge Wood to Stockton Sheep pond, having Dean
Valley on the right,” was opened by W. Cunnington 1804. Its —
diam. was 40ft. and height 3ft. 9in. In grave 4ft. deep in the
chalk the skeleton of young person, with large drinking cup at
feet 9in. high, and near it a very small cup, 34-in. high, of
drinking cup shape. O.M. 58 NE.; A.W. I. 102, Station IV. ;
Arch. xv. 343, Pl. XVI. figs. 1, xvii.; WAM, xxi. 257.
5. Barrow on Boyton Down just E. of Boyton Field Farm on Sher-
rington boundary, 70 yds. from Long Barrow in Sherrington, 76ft.
diam., 14ft. high, opened by W. Cunnington 1804. 13 skeletons
lying in different directions within 2ft. of top of barrow. |
Primary interment heap of burnt bones only in shallow cist.
O.M. 58 NE.; A.W. 1. 101, Station IV. ; Arch. xv. 340, Pl. xvi |
jig. 3. [This unusually large barrow has never been ploughed,
though disfigured by excavations in it. M.E.C.]
On Corton Downs adjoining Tytherington, a small barrow with
burnt bones and incense cup. A.W. I. 103, Pl. xii. ; Stowrhead
Cat. 32 fig. ;
Earthworks. On Corton Down, N. of Great Ridge Wood, Hoare note
“an irregular bank and ditch pursuing their course over the Dow
towards the wood. A.W. 1.104. A fragment of this ditch is shown
on Corton Down, 0.M. 58 NW., and another just S. of barrow (4) -
0.1. 58 NE. E
A small nearly square earthwork enclosure in Great Ridge Wood, in |
“ Serubbed Oak,” near S. parish boundary. O.M. 58 SW.
BRADENSTOKH, see LYNEHAM.
BRADFORD-ON-AVON.
Carausius, Constantine, &c., found in upper part of town
“Budbury.”. Traces of entrenchments in “ Bed and Bolster Fie
W.A.M. v. 6—8.
Small stone coffin found at the Brewery, ? before 1907, 4ft. 24in. X 18in.
wide.
BRADLEY, NORTH.
Roman. Human remains and lead coffin found 1851, just S.W. of Cu tter- |
idge Farm. ? Roman. O.M. 44 NE.
By the Rev. LE. H. Goddard. 209
RATTON,
Barrows.
1. Long barrow within Bratton Camp. 0.1.45NW. See Appendix,
Long Barrows.
2. Large flat round barrow on Edington boundary, 1 mile E. of
Grant’s Farm, 3-mile N.W. of South Down Farm, apparently
the one opened by W. Cunnington. Large urn containing
smaller urn or food vessel with handle, and burntbones. Devizes
Museum. 0.M. 45 SW.; A.W.I. 66, Station II.; Arch., xliii.
348, fig. 25 ; Stourhead Cat. 20.
3. Barrow on Summer Down, 1 mile S. of Grant’s Farm. O.M. 45
SW..; A.W. 1. Station II.
4. Another 4-mile S. of the last. O.M. 45 SW. ; not in A. W.
5,6. ‘Two barrows close together near Edington boundary, 4-mile S.
of New Farm. 0.M. 45 SW. ; not in A.W.
[A “mound” is shown on O.J/. 45 NW. on W. side of track gust S. of
camp. |
Earthworks. Bratton Camp overlooking valley to N. Irregular oblong
with double vallum and ditch except on side where the steepness of
the ground requires little or no defence. At N.E. corner “an
additional outwork like a detached camp ” which Hoare regards as
a later addition. Area 23 acres, circuit 1540 yds. Greatest height
of rampart 36ft. Entrance in centre of S. side, facing the down,
defended by special outwork. O.Y. 45 NW.; A.W. 1.55, plan.
About -mile S.E. of the camp “ near White Cliff,” says Hoare, a small
earthenwork nearly square with an entrance towards the S.E., “very
perfect and neatly formed, and measures 87ft. x 75ft. within the
area.” A.W. I. 66, Station II. O.M. 45 NW. shows this as a
rectangular enclosure with bank across its centre and a pointed S.
end.
W. of the last and directly S. of the camp, a much smaller square en-
enclosure. O.M/.45 NW. Noton A.W.
N.W. of Bratton Village between Court House and railway, banks
close to line. O..M. 45 NW.
oman. Querns found in the camp and Bich pottery and many coins in
field on N. side of camp. A.W. I. 55.
| BRIXTON DEVERILL.
Barrows.
: 1. Barrow on Whitecliff Down, S. of Woodcombe Wood. O.M. 57
NW.; apparently not in A.W. I. Station I. This seems to be
really a Romano-British midden (?). See below under Roman.
A group of 7 barrows on Cold Kitchen Hill of which 4 (2—5) are
in Brixton Deverill, 2 in Kingston Deverill, and I in Monkton
Deverill.
210 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
2. Large Long barrow at N.E. end of Cold Kitchen Hill. O.M.57 NE.;
A.W. 1. Station I. See Appendix, Long Barrows.
3. Small round barrow almost touching E. ditch of Long barrow, lft.
high only. O.M@.57 NE.; A.W. I. Station I.
4. Barrowjust S. of Long barrow. O.M.57 NE.; A.W. I. Station I.
5. -Barrow just 8.W. of last. OW. 57 NE.; A.W. I. Station I.
[Barrows (1— 5) all on unploughed down on high ground. M.E.C.].
[A little W. of these barrows, but E. of the western of the two
ditches, Hoare, A.W. I. 41, Station I. shows a group of 5 barrows
all close together just on the boundary apparently of Brixton and
Kingston Deverill, which he opened. See Kingston Deverill. |
6. Barrow on Summerslade Down near Hill Deverill boundary, 4 mile
N.W. of Furze Hedge Barn. 0.1.57 NE.; A.W. I. Station I.
7. Large Long barrow on W. side of Pertwood Downs mile S. of last,
3 mile N.W. of Lower Pertwood Farm, 1 mile E. of Monkton
Deverill. O.Jf.57SE.; A.W. I. StationI. See Appendix, Long
Barrows.
8. Barrow on Pertwood Down 4 mile E. of Long barrow (7). O.Jf
57 SE.; A.W. I. Station I.
[8a.] A.W. 1. Station I. shows two round barrows just S. of the Long —
barrow (7) of which apparently (8) is one. <
[9.] [This which looks on O.W/. 57 SE. like a Long barrow just W. of
Lower Pertwood Farm and is marked “Tumulus” and “ Earth- ~
work” is neither a long nor a round barrow, it isin a hollow and ~
looks like the ruin of some old oblong farm buildings. 1913.
M.E.C.] Notin A.W. 1. Station I.
10. Barrow }+ mile N.E. of Lower Pertwood Farm just N. et Roman —
Rd. 0.4.57 SE.; A.W. I. Station I.
11. Barrow just N.E. of last (10), W. of Warminster Rd. O.J£. 58 —
SW.; A.W. I. Station I.
[11lb, l1c.] A.W. I. Station I. appears to show 3 barrows in line
E. & W. close together at the point where (11) is shown on OJ.
58 SW.
[11d.] A.W. I. Station I shows a barrow on 8. edge of Roman Rd.
just N. of Lower Pertwood. Not on 0.17.57 NE.
12. Barrow i mile S.E. of (11), a little distance E. of Shaftesbury—
Warminster Rd., 3 mile N. of Pertwood Church. 0.1/.58SW.;
A.W. I. Station IV.
Earthworks. Large rectangular enclosure on White Cliff Down, N. of ;
Bushcombe Bottom, S. of Woodecombe Wood. 0.1.57 NW. & NE.
At W. end of Cold Kitchen Hill a fragment of ditch cuts across ridge —
and parish boundary 8. of Bushcombe Bottom. At E. end of Cold
>
By the Rev. EL, H. Goddard. 211
Kitchen Hill a fragment 4-mile long runs N.W. and S.E. just E. of
Long barrow (2). A fragment S. of this, running S.W. and N.E.
forms parish boundary to W. end of Boars Bottom. O.J/. 57 NE.
Finds, Bronze Age. Large palstave without loops, Midden on Cold
Kitchen Hill. E. W. Jefferys 1897. W.A.MM. xxxvii. 131.
Roman. Roman Rd. runs E. to W. just N. of Lower Pertwood Farm on
each side of Warminster-Shaftesbury Rd. at 9 miles from Shaftesbury.
O.M. 57 SE. & 58 SW.; A.W. I. Station IV.
On Whitecliff Down as marked on O.1/. 57 NW., or Cold Kitchen Hill
as it appears to be known locally, all round the conspicuous mound
or barrow (1) irregularities of ground show extensive Romano-British
village, partly explored by E. H. Goddard, 1896. The mound itself
seems to be a midden rather than a barrow, though 2 skeletons were
found, without skulls, near the surface. Great numbers of objects
were found in the body of the mound as well as in depressions round
it. Jron chain, arrowhead, knife, bronze brooches, tweezers, bracelet,
white metal spoon, red coral, shale bracelets, coins of Constantine,
‘Carausius, Crispus, Claudius. Gothicus, Valens, much pottery, sling
bullet, bone counters, needle and implements, &c. Devizes Museum.
Cat. Il. 337a, 740—792 figs.; W.A.U. xxvii. 279 figs.; xxix. 181;
XXX. 169; xxxiv. 271; xxxv. 407 figs.
W. Cunnineton dug 1803 between Bidcombe and Cold Kitchen and
found coins of Constantine and Gratian, fragments of painted stucco,
pottery, &c. A.W. I. 40.
53 yds. from E. side of Rd. to Kingston, 4 mile N.E. of Mere Down
Farm, chalk diggers cir. 1853 found a little way under the surface
with no signs of ibarrow, several skeletons “ranged round feet to
centre.” Several loom weights found with them. O.M. 57 SW.;
W.A.M. xxvii. 176.
BROAD CHALKE.
arrows.
1, 2. Two barrows near together between Knighton Hill Buildings
and Church Bottom. O.M. 70 SE.
[2a, b]. Barrow exactly at the angle of Roman Rd., N. of Knighton
High Wood, on W. side of Roman Rd. A.W. I., Station VIL. ;
not shown on Station VIII., IX., or O.M. 70 SE. A.W. II.
Roman (ira, plan, shows another barrow S.W. of this.
3. Barrow on Knowle Hill just on W. side of track 14 miles S. of
Broad Chalke village, apparently “‘Gawens Barrow” mentioned
by Aubrey. O.M.70 SE. ; A.W. I. 245, Stations VIIT., IX.
4,5. Two barrows close together just below S. point of Hydon Hill.
O.M. 70 NE. ; not in A.W. L., Stations VIII, IX.
6. Barrow a little way to E. of last. O.M@.70 NE.; not in A.W. I.
Stations VIII., IX. :
7, 8. Two small barrows close together on Bishopstone boundary E.
of Stoke Down Barn. O.M.70 NE.; not in A. W.1., Stations
VIII., IX.
212 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
9,10. Two barrows, t-mile apart, N. of Gurston Ashes, 1 mile S. of
Chiselbury Camp. O.M@.70 NW. Not shown here in A.W. I.
Stations VIII, IX., which however shows 2 barrows close
together just S.W. of the camp, not on O.,
[A barrow on W. side of Roman Rd. at S. extremity of parish is
just on the Hampshire side of the border. O.M.75 NE.; 4.W.
I., Station VIT.]
Earthworks. Grims ditch running E. & W. forming 8. boundary of
Bishopstone and Broadchalke and divides Wilts and Hants until it
meets the Roman Rd. O.M@.70SE. From this point it apparently
turns S. and reappears on O.U/. 75 NE. coming from the Hants bor-
der and Roman Rd. and running E. to W. in Vernditch Chase wood
for 3-mile, then turns at right angle S. for $-mile and turns again at
right angle W. and runs out of the parish and county, crosses the
corner of Hampshire into Pentridge and Dorset entering Wilts
(Bowerchalke) again at Shire Rack. “The course of this bank and
ditch is more irregular and winding than any I have yet followed”
Hoare, A.W. I. 232, 244, Stations VII., VIII., IX.
Hoare thinks it a boundary ditch not a covered way, or road, as it has
no British villages on its track. The bank is throughout its course
on the KE. or N. side whereas as that of Bokerly is on theS. side.
A.W. I. 244.
A fragment of strong bank and ditch pointing N.W. in wood just N.E.
of Barnett’s Barn, a fragment reappears in Compton Chamberlaine
+-mile N.W. O.U. 70 NE.; A.W. 1. 249, Stations VIII, 1X.
Earthwork ditches and banks, many of rectangular form, cover large —
space just 8.E. of Knighton Hill Buildings. O.4f. 70 SE.; A.W. L.
Stations VIII., Ix.
On E. side of Church Bottom on Knighton Hill about 1 mile S. of —
Broad Chalke village, a very small square earthwork enclosure.
O.M. 70 SE. ; A.W. I. 247, Stations VIIT., IX.
“On the western side of this vale (Church Bottom) the remains of 7
another earthen enclosure similar in its construction (?.e., pentagonal) —
to the Soldiers Ring near Damerham.” A.W. [., 247; not in OW,
70SE. Apparently this was on Knowle Hill.
Roman. Roman Rd., Dorchester to Old Sarum, running N.E. from E.
Woodyates forms boundary of Hants and Wilts and of the parish
from point S. of Vernditch Chase to Old Lodge Copse. At Knighton
High Wood 14 miles further, it turns at an angle E. into Bishop-
stone. O.Jf. 70 NE.; 70 SE.
British village with strong surrounding ditches just on S. side of Ox
Drove or Ridgeway close to Bowerchalke boundary W. of Chicken-
grove and N. of Vernditch Chase. O.J. 70 SE.; A.W. I. 245,
Stations VIII, IX.
BROAD HINTON.
Barrows.
1. Low flat bowl-shaped barrow on brow of hill just W. of Ridgeway,
3 mile N. of Rd. up White Horse Hill. 0... 22 SE. ; Smith p.
IPE IDS, I, IU Vo ‘
By the Rev. EH. H, Goddard. 213
[la, 1b.] Uffcott Down. Two low barrows in round plantation W.
side of Ridgeway, between White Horseand Barbury. Smith p.
121, [X. I. I. b. c.; A.W. II. 41 shows 3 barrows on this down ;
not in O0.M, 22 SE.
[Le.] Barrow N. of Swindon Rd. near Wyre Farm. A.W. II. Stations
XI. XII. ; not in Smith or O.M.
Earthworks. Binknoll Camp. Promontory camp on projecting spur
(? of what age), area 53 acres. Mound at apex and outer and inner
bailey. O.M. does not show outer rampart, almost destroyed.
0.M.22 NW.; A.W. II. 95.
Slight rectangular earthwork on slope of hill just N. of road up White
Horse Hill. O.M. 22 SE.
The Ridgeway running along the crest of Hackpen Hill forms part of E.
boundary of parish (and of Ogbourne St. Andrew and Preshute).
O.M. 22 SK.; A.W. Il. 46.
Finds, Eoliths. These have been found in drift on top of Hackpen at
s78ft. H.G. O. Kendall. W.A.M. xxxv. 324; Man, June, 1907, p. 84.
Finds, Neolithic. Uffcott, &c. Flint scrapers and other worked flints.
J. W. Brooke; H. G. O. Kendall.
Finds, Bronze Age. Bronze palstave 1853. Devizes Museum, Cat. II.
B18; W.A.M. 1.65; xxxvii. 132.
Roman. Bronze stamp. Devizes Museum, Cat. Il. 355 fig,; W.A.W.
XXVlil. 89 fig. ; xxxvi. 508.
BROAD TOWN.
Barrows.
[1]. Barrow? just at top of escarpment at head of Thornhill Lane.
The top was removed 1834. Saxon? interment (secondary).
Skeletons with large amber bead and iron arrowhead and glass
bead. Devizes Museum, Cat. II.81—81b; W.A.M. vi. 256; xxix.
86; not in O.M. 22 NW., or Smith.
‘Saxon. Sce Barrow, above.
BROKENBOROUGH.
Roman. The Kosseway forms N.W. boundary of parish for about 24 miles
and also of the county for this distance, as far as Shipton Moyne
extends. ‘The boundary of Brokenborough and Long Newnton only
follows the Fosse for short distances,and Newnton extends irregularly
E. of it. O.27.8 NW. and SW.
A number of Roman coins and trinkets found casually from time to
time. W.A.M. viii. 16; xxxiii. 331.
BROMHAM.
Barrows.
1, 2. Oliver’s Camp. 2 small barrows close together just outside
rampart on S.W. point of the camp and hill. Opened by B. H.
214 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon A mtiquities.
Cunnington 1907. The southern barrow (1) produced no inter- —
ment, only fragments of pottery.
The northern barrow (2) had at the centrea cistin the chalk 25in.
x 12in. x 12m. deep, containing burnt bones, with fragments
of a very small incense cup (not the whole cup), and a conical
bone button, covered over with large lumps of chalk. Above this,
in the body of the mound, a built-up circular cavity containing a
quantity of ashes in which were burnt human teeth. On the S.
side of the barrow a rude pot 33in, high and 44in. in diam. lying
on its side with burnt bones, which had apparently been used as
a cinerary urn. Fragments of two other similar vessels were
also found on the S. side. Devizes Museum Cat. II.. X97—
X102. O.M. 34 NW.; not in Smith; W.A.M. xxxv. 441 figs.
3. On the down 4 mile N.W. of this, a barrow. O.M. 34 NW. ; not
in Smith.
[For neighbouring barrows see Roundway. ]
Earthworks. Oliver’s Camp or Roundway Castle, promontory camp on
projecting point of escarpment overlooking the vale. One strong
ditch and rampart on the down side, on other sides the ground is so
steep that only smaller ditches are required. Area about 3 acres.
Entrance in centre of main rampart. Excavated by B. H. and Mrs.
Cunnington 1907. Pottery of late Celtic type found under ramparts
and in ditches, and this is probably the date of the camp as a whole.
Four holes ?for gateposts were found, two on either side of main
entrance. The main ditch was found to be silted up to depth of 11ft.
Tt was 2ft. to 3ft. wide at bottom, and originally 13ft. 6in. deep, and —
appeared to have been purposely filled up. Devizes Museum Cat. Il.
El. O.M. 34 NW.; W.A.M. xxxv. 408—444, figs and plans; A.W.
IT. 98.
Finds, Late Celtic. Pottery in ditches of Oliver’s Camp 1907. W.A.M.
Xxxv. 392, 408.
Roman. Just where the Roman Road would cross the Devizes—Chip-
penham Road a villa was discovered 1765—67, with pavement repre-
senting a Roman soldier. Great quantities of iron slag found in
fields of Bromham. Gent. Mag. 1796, pp. 472, 473.
At Mother Anthony’s Well just on parish boundary under Oliver's
Castle a Roman building of considerable extent, clearly outlined by
poppies in the corn in a dry year (1907), never explored, pottery and
other objects on surface. Substantial foundation walls have been
exposed and great numbers of coloured tesserae ploughed up and the
floors apparently destroyed, M.E.C. O.M.34NW.; W.A.M. xxxv.
441.
In West Park field immediately on E. side of Devizes Road, $ mile 8.
of Wans a Roman villa opened in 1810 by W. Cunnington & Sir
R. C. Hoare (A.W. II. Roman Gira, p. 123, pavements figured), but ©
it had been opened before by Sir Andrew Baynton. In 1840 J.5.
Money opened it, found 7 rooms, 4 baths ?, 2 cinerary urns, coin of
By the Rev. HE. H. Goddard. 215
Carausius ; and also excavated on the other (W.) side of road, where
he found parts of the villa, hypocaust, 18 bone pins (of which 11 are
in Devizes Museum), W.A.M. vi. 260; xxxvii. 205, 611 figs.; Gent.
Mag. 1840 Pt. II. 528; 1841 Pt. I. 81; Devizes Gazette, Sept. 24th—
Nov. 5th, 1840. Opened again 1889 by. Wilts Arch. Soc. it was found
to extend 135ft. x 56ft. and the two pavements figured by Hoare found,
much damaged, with coins of Constantius I. 350A.D. ‘he building
certainly extended across the road. ‘wo County Council cottages
have lately been built on the site. Jar of Upchurch ware and bead
found. W.A.M. xix. 299, plan; Devizes Museum Cat. II. 224, 274.
Camden says several hundred Roman coins were found near Oliver’s
Camp, and several pots without coins. A.W. II. 98.
BROUGHTON GIFFORD.
toman. “Site of Roman Station” shown in second field to S.W. from
point where Holt—Melksham Road crosses railway, close to line.
O.M. 32 SE.
BULFORD.
sarrows,
1. Long barrow 8.W. of village, S. of Seymour Farm, at Long Barrow
Clump. A.W. I. Station VI. shows round barrow only. O.¥.
54 SE.; Soc. Ant. Map 404. See appendix Long Barrows.
2—10. E. of the last 8.W. of Bulford Penning, 9 barrows extending
roughly in an irregular line W. to E. for 2 mile (2 to 7) in 0. M,
54 SE. ; (8 to 10) in O0.M. 55 SW.; Soc. Ant. Map 405—413.
11—14. S.E. of the Penning a group of 4 barrows close together.
O.M. 55 SW.; Soc. Ant. Map 424.
[14a] In OW. ist Kd. a fifth very small barrow is shown in centre
of the other four, not shown on O.J/, 1900.
15—17. Three barrows N.E. of the last near the reservoir near
Bulford Camp. 0.1£.55 SW.; Soc. Ant. Map 423, 421, 422.
18. Barrow on N. side of Andover Rd., 23 miles from Amesbury.
O.M. 55 SW. ; Soc. Ant. Map 562.
19. Barrow NE. of the last on Amesbury boundary at Clay Mound
Plantation. O.M/. 55 SW.; Soc. Ant. Map, 525.
20. Barrow 7 mile N.E. of the last, between Clay Mound and Stephens
Mound. 0.1.55 SW.; Soc. Ant. Map 437.
21—28. Group of 8 harrows near together N. of Sling Plantation,
just W. of 9 Acre Plantation and 4 mile S.E. of Sheep Bridge on
Nine Mile River. (26) in 0.17.55 NW.; the rest in O.J/. 55
SW. ;Soc. Ant. Map 418, 417, 419, 416, 415, 414, 420 (28 is not on
O.M. 1st Ed. ?a mound). Of these Lt.-Col. W. Hawley, F.S.A.,
opened two— (22 and 27),
216 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Payan Saxon Antiquities.
22. [No. 2.] Barrow much ruined by rabbits and dug for flints,
nothing found in centre, but a later burial of skeleton at full
length on S. side. W.A.U. xxxvi. 618; Soc. Ant. Map 417. a
27. [No. 1.] Barrow 13ft. high x 140ft. diam. Large cist in centre
Tit. deep X 8ft. long x 4ft. 5in. wide, containing crouche
skeleton of large man, perforated axe hammer (in Brit. Museum,
figd. W.A.M. xxxvi. 622) near his hands. The cist filled with
large flints and upon these at the level of the ground, three
crouched skeletons of men, all without forearms, heads to centre,
and equidistant from each other. Above these in mound of
brown earth, at all depths in the barrow and in all positions, as”
if thrown on to the barrow as it was heaped up, 7 skeletons of
children, varying from a new-born infant to a child of 5 of 6
years. Marks of deer horn? pick were to be seen on walls ¢
cist. In the E. side of barrow cinerary urn inverted ov
burnt bones. (Salisbury Museum, Fgd. WAM. xxxvi. 617),
Soc. Ant. Map 420.
29. Bulford Down. Barrow between Three Acre Plantation and
Rifle Range. O.1/. 55 5.W.: Soc. Ant. Map 436.
29a. Bulford Down. A mound not marked “tumulus” on O.J/, 5b
SW. 1900, between (29) and (30). Soc. Ant. Map 435.
30—38. Bulford Down, at S. end of Rifle Range and W. of the
ditch, scattered group of 9 barrows. O.M.55 SW.; Soc. Ant. Map
433, 432, 434, 431, 429, 430, 428, 427, 426.
q
39—54. Bulford Down, at target or N. end of Rifle Ranges, group
of 16 barrows close together just N.E. of Group (21—28), and
W. of the targets. O.1.54 NW. Two of these were opened b;
Lt.-Col. W. Hawley, F.S.A. W-.A./. xxxvi. 619, 620; Soc. Ant.
Map 258, 256, 256*, 252, 251, 250, 253, 254, 255, 257, 249, 247, 218
246, 245, 244.
49. (No. 3.] “Target Barrow.” Outside covered with layer of chalk,
very hard, 2ft. thick. In centre fragments of urn with burnt
bones, 4 secondary interments of burnt bones, 3 of them in urns.
Under the S.E. side a mass of tons of wood ash with remains of
charred vertical posts, the ends of which were found in the chalk
3ft. in diameter. Soc. Ant. Map 249.
51. [No. 4.] Small barrow, nothing found, had geo opened before,
Soc. Ant. Map 248.
55—65. Bulford Down. Scattered group of 11 barrows round th
westernmost target, and to N. and W. of it. O.Jf 55 NW.
Soc. Ant. Map 243, 259 [57 not in O. 1. 1st Ed.], 260, 261, =
264— 268.
[60a a very small barrow shown between 59 and 60 on O.M. Is
Ed. has apparently been absorbed by the Target in O.J/. i
Soc. Ant. Map 262.]
By the Rev. LE. H. Goddard, 217
66. Barrow N. of last group on Milston boundary, 0.1f.55 NW. ;
Soc. Ant. Map 269.
67. Barrow just S. of 900 yds. firing point on most easterly rifle
range, close to parish and county boundary. O.M/. 55 NW.;
Soc. Ant. Map, 280. :
On Bulford Down including Beacon Hill, in the tract of land N.
of the Andover Rd., N.E. of Amesbury, between Bulford and
the Hampshire boundary, A. W. I. Station VI. shows about 100
barrows which cannot be exactly identified with those shown on
ODM.
In a barrow on Bulford Down, opened by Mr. Hutchins, the
primary interment was a skeleton under an immense sarsen,
with bronze dagger 53in. long (Ashmolean Museum) and drink-
ing cup. Above this a cinerary urn 124in. high (Ashmolean
Museum). Proc. Soc. Ant., Scot., xli., 252, fig. 110 (erroneously
said to be from Balsham, Cambs) ; Arch. xliii., 350, fig. 27.
Seven barrows near Bulford were opened by Mr, Bowyer Lane. 3
contained skeletons, 1 a large urn and burnt bones, others con-
tained burnt bones, bronze dagger (?), open work incense cup
(Brit. Museum), “ contracted ” incense cup, and 2 bronze awls.
Arch. xliii., 366, fig. 163; Arch. Journ. vi., 319, fig. ; Evans’
Bronze, 190, 366, fig. 226.
In a barrow at Bulford, a bronze dagger and stone wristguard were
found. Arch. Journ. vi., 319.
68, 69 [69a]. Bulford Field just W. of Sheep Bridge over Nine Mile
Water, a barrow and site of another just N.E. of it. OW. 55
NW.; 4.W.1. Station VI. shows 3 barrows here; Soc. Ant.
Map, 238, 239.
arthworks. Large bank and ditch running parallel to S. of Ames-
bury—Andover Rd. and forming boundary for 14 miles of Bulford
and Amesbury. O.0f.55SW.; 4.W.1., 215.
Ditch running S.E. across Brigmerston and Milston Downs enters
Bulford on the easternmost rifle range, and is there cut or stopped
by another ditch running at right angles EK. and W. This runs
1 mile W.then turns S. at right angles and runs down course of Rifle
range for 1 mile just to H. of barrows 33—S38 on Bulford Downand
crosses the parish boundary into Cholderton just W. of Hill’s Copse.
O.M. 55 NW. & SW.
inds, Neolithic. Chipped Flint Celt. Bulford Down. 1896. Brit.
- Museum.
nds, Bronze Age. Half of aSyenite mould for bronze celts, one with
two loops, found near Nine Mile Water, formerly in the Lake Ho.
Coll., now at Farnham Museum. Evans’ Bronze 143; W.AM. x.
18 ; xvii. 36 ; xxviii, 261 ; Arch. xxviii, 451.
“Part of spear head of fine workmanship,” from a barrow, probably a
dagger. Arch. Journ. vi. 319; W.4A.M. xxxvii. 126.
WL. XXXVIII.—MNO. CXX. Q
218 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
Small narrow chisel-like palstave without loops, with side flanges,
Beacon Hill. 1878. Blackmore Museum. W. A.M. xxxvii. 132.
Roman. On W. side of Nine Mile River adjoining Bulford Field, nearly
opposite milestone 10 from Salisbury, a British settlement. A.W.1,
195, Station VI.
Harradon Hill, S. end of Beacon Hill, Roman coins found 172
Stukeley Stonehenge, 32.
Finds, Saxon. Smalliron spear head. Bulford Down. 1861. Devizes
Museum Cat. II. 62; W.A.M. ix. 25 ; xxxvi. 483, fig.
BURBAGE.
Finds, Neolithic. Flint implements found 1895 + mile S.W. of West
Court Training Stables. O.J7. 36 SE.
Roman. The course of the road from Cunetio to Winchester runs through
N.E. corner of parish to Tottenham House, parallel with course of
Grand Avenue. O.M. 36 NE.; A.W. II. 70 plan.
At Southgrove Farm 1893 a Romano-British interment with bone and
iron fittings of crossbow, whetstone, bronze tweezers, iron hammer,
knife blade, &e. Devizes Museum Cat. II. 484—490 figs. ; W.AM.
XXVIii. 87 as O.M. 42 NE.
: BURCOMBE.
Barrows.
1. Barrow on boundary of Bishopstone S. of Punch Bowl Bottom
OM. 65 SE.
2, 3, 4. Three barrows close together in line E. to W. 4 mile W. of
last. O.M. 65 SE.
5 [5a]. Barrow just above the targets of the Rifle Range at S. endof
Punch Bowl Bottom. 0.1. 65 SE. A.W. I. Station VII
shows 2 barrows close together here.
[5b, c.] Two barrows N. of Rd. and W. of (2, 3, 4) close together, |
shown on A.W. I. Station VIIT. ; not in O.JZ. 65 SE. a
[5d, e.] A barrow S.E. of the village of Burcombe and another S. W.
of it shown on A.W.I. Station VIII. Neither of them on 0.
65 SE.
Earthworks. A ditch running along S. side of Grovely from near
Hamshill Ditches in Barford to Chilhampton in 8. Newton forms
N. boundary of Burcombe at Grovely Hill, where a branch of it
runs 8S. 0.1. 65 NE.; A.W. I. 110, Station IV. d
About 1 mile S. of village just N. of Barrow 5 above the targets ats. |
end of Punch Bowl Bottom, two parallel banks and ditches cut across
a projecting point of down. O.M/. 65 SE.; A.W. I. 250, Stations |
Ville
<< By the Rev. B. H. Goddard. 219
BUTTERMERE.
Earthworks. Ditch runs from Gammons Farm, Collingbourne Kingston,
across Shalbourne and Fosbury, and Shalbourne again and into
Buttermere at Henley: Bottom. O.G.S. Crawford, 1913; A.W. I,
Station VI. ; not shown on O./. 43 NE.
CALNE WITHOUT, inctupine BLACKLAND, CALSTONE,
AND. DERRY HILL.
Barrows. | eREae ey es Sam
1. Long barrow a little distance W. of monument at Oldbury. 0.2.
27 SE. See Appendix, Long Barrows. [Not the Long Barrow
opened by Cunnington, and referred to by Thurnam as “Old-
bury.” This was Cherhill [1a]. M.E.C.]
2. Low bowl-shaped barrow on point of hill 2-mile W. of monument,
_ opened, no record. O.M. 27 SE.; Smith p. 50, III. C, V,-a. ; not
-in A.W. - Dies
[2a, 2b.] Two small barrows, the first close on 9, side of (2), the
e other a little SE. of it ; both above the 600ft. contour line on the
hill ; not shown on 0.4. 27 SE., Smith, or A.W. M.E.O.
| [2c]. Low barrow S&S. of Oldbury Camp, opened by flint diggers.
| __- Skeleton, drinking cup, and a bronze knife dagger ? (not pre-
served). [notin O.Uf. or Smith’s Map]. Devizes Museum
Cat. Il. x9; W.A.W. xxiii. 215 ; xxxvii. 455. [The remains of
a barrow, probably this one, still quite distinct close outside
the rampart, 1913.- M.E.C.] ° :
Barrow close to Wansdyke (? in Calstone) opened by Dean Mere-
wether, notched vitreous bead. Proc. Arch. Inst., Salisbury,
93. fig.. .
“Barrow at Oldbury,” 1874. Flint knife-and flakes, _W A.M.
xv. 137.
farthworks. The S.W. portion of Oldbury Castle Camp is in this
parish, the rest in Cherhill, g,v.- ~ y -o te
2-mile S.W. of Oldbury Camp, near Ranscombe Bottom, “a very small
circle or rather oblong with rounded corners, an enclosure with bank
and ditch on a projecting spur overhanging a deep combe.” Smith
~p. 57, III. C, VI.,d. 0.1. 27 SE. showsit as a triangle with rounded
~ corners. [Slight bank with no entrance, ? modern. M.E.C.]
| O.&. shows just S.E. of this last, half of a smaller oval earthwork.
ands, Neolithic. Flint arrowhead and part of ground flint celt. Ward’s
_ Farm, Blackland, 1902. Devizes Museum, Cat. II. 11, 12; W.A.U.
| XxXxii. 275. oy D> és ae rats
inds, Bronze Age. Near Oldbury Camp, bronze socketed looped celt,
gouge, tanged chisel, and awl, found by flint diggers. Devizes
Museum, Cat II. Bl10—B12, Baa; WAM. v. 128; xxiii. 216;
Lie. XXXVii. 149.5. Reliquary, xiv. 245, ‘figs... oe :
Q 2
220 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
Slate wrist guard from “interment of bronze age near Calne,” 1880. _
Brit. Museum.
Late Celtic. Dwelling pits 100 yds. S. of monument at Oldbury, opened
1890. Loom weights, cooking vessels, Devizes Museum Cat. II.
838—847 ; W.A.M. xxv. 248 ; xxvii. 291, figs. ; xxviil. 277.
Roman. Sir R. C. Hoare mentions on the slopes of Oldbury somewhere
near Ranscombe Bottom, a small “ British Village.” A.W. II. p.96.
Many Roman coins found near Calne. Stukeley Abury, p. 27.
Roman tile inscribed. C.I.L. VII. 1241 ; W.A.1. xxv. 192.
Whetham Farm. Roman cin. urn of grey pottery found near quarry, |
1843. Devizes Museum Cat II. 223; W.A.d/. II. 60. 2)
At Barrow Hill in Calstone village, 2 skeletons found, 1892, with
spindle whorl 3ft. below surface (? what date). W A.J. xxvi. 417. :
Site of Verlucio adjoining Wans House on N. side. Samian ware, ~
enamel brooch, lead seal, &c., found 1828. Devizes Museum. O.Jf
26 SE; W.A.dM. xxxvii. 611 jigs. Roman Dice found here, in |
possession of Capt. Wyndham 1873; W.A.J/. xiv. 233 fig. -
Roman road and Wansdyke combined running straight to Wang
through Spye Park turns at an angle S. here, where it leaves the
Station of Verlucio, and then runs straight due E. for 3 miles to
point at Morgan’s Hill where the Wansdyke leaves it, and thence
N.E. pointing to Silbury Hill, forming S. boundary of Calne Without |
for 54 miles. OJ. 26 SE; 27 SW and SE; A. W. II. 83 plan. ae
Bowood, between the House and the Lake, remains of Roman house —
found, W.d.Jf xxiv.170; A.W.1D. 124. rs
Many bronze coins found at Derry Hill, 1680, Jackson’s Aubrey, 39; —
W.A.M, xi. 344. - =
Studley Hill, Roman house, bricks stamped with name, hypocaust, coins,
&ec., found 1753. A.W.II. 124; W.A.IL xxiv. 170. e.
CALSTONE, see CALNE WITHOUT. ‘fs
CASTLE COMBE. F
Earthworks. Earthworks surrounding medieval castle on hill N.E. of
village probably partly those of prehistoric camp, area 83 acres. OJ.
19 NE.; A.W. II. 101, Pl. xvi. *
Roman. Sepulchral relief of hunter with stag found on site opposite to
N. Wraxall Villa, with 300 3rd brass coins of Lower Empire 1825, ‘
Relief now at Castle Combe Manor. Gent. Mag. 1860 Pt. II. 1595
|
W.A.H. vii. 73. a
CHARLTON ALL SAINTS, S. WILTS see STANDLYNOH, |
By the Rev. H. H. Goddard. 221
CHARLTON NEAR PEWSEY.
Barrows.
[1a.] Barrow on Charlton Down N. of Church Ditches and British
village. A.W.I. Station V. Not in 0.17. 47 NW.
sarthworks. A line of ditch beginning with Long Ditch in Marden
erosses Wilsford into Charlton, then crosses the parish into Rushall
and on towards Casterley. O.M. 47 NW.; Soc. Ant. Map 24.
Another line 17 mile S. of last, going W. to E. from Ell Barrow crosses
Charlton and oninto Enford. 0.4.47 NW.; A.W. 1.175, Station V.
toman. British village on Charlton Down W. of site of Church Ditches
in Rushall. O.M. 47 NW.; A.W. 1.175; Soc. Ant. Map 25.
Coins found, no details, W.A.M. ix. 27.
CHERHILL.
Jarrows.
1. Large low barrow 20 yds. E. of E. rampart of Oldbury, 50ft. diam.,
2ft. high. Urn found in it by flint diggers, 1858. Opened by
W. Cunnington. In cist, 18in. deep x 18in. wide, a large urn
inverted over burnt bones. Wood ashes and animals’ bones in
the mound. Devizes Museum, Cat. II. xl4 fig.; ‘A.W. IL.
Stations XI, XII.; W.A.M. vi. 73, 74 fig. ; xxiii. 214; Smith
p. 95 VIL. D. V. f.; Arch. xliii. 334, 349, Pl. xxx. fig. 3.
da. The remains of a mound just on Cherhill (N.) side of boundary
a little W. of monument represents the long barrow opened
by Cunnington. W.A.M. xiii. 103; xxiii. 215; Smith, p. 50,
Til. ©, V.d. Noton O.M. 27SE. See Appendix Long barrows.
2,3. Two barrows? on edge of hill just N. of White Horse. O.J/.
27 SE. ; Smith p. 96 VIL. D. V.i, k, thinks they are not barrows.
4. Very large, high, bowl-shaped barrow, 4-mile N.E. of Oldbury, E.
of track to Yatesbury, just S. of Old Bath Rd., opened, no
record. O.M.27SE.; Smith p. 95 VII. D. V. e.
5. Low and flat barrow, 3-mile EK. of Oldbury, 100 yds. E. of barn on
Nolands Down. O.M. 27SE.; Smith p.98 VII. E. V.u.
6. Large bowl-shaped barrow on Yatesbury boundary just N. of Old
Bath Rd., with ditch running N. from it. Opened, no record.
O0.M, 27 SE.; Smith p. 97 VII. E. V. g.
Barrow opened at Cherhill, 1835. Pottery, bones, urn, and large
pair of ox horns. Jackson’s Aubrey, 40; Devizes Gazette, Oct.
25th, 1835.
[For other barrows, &c., on Oldbury, see Calne Without. ]
jJarthworks. Cherhill Down. Bankand ditch running E. from Old-
bury 14 miles into Avebury parish. O.M.27 SE. ; Smith VII. D. V. b.
Cherhill Down. S. of the above ditch and E. of Oldbury, many banks
and ditches including a rectangular enclosure. O.df, 27 SE. ; Smith
VII. D. V. d, e.
222 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
Oldbury Castle. Strong camp in commanding position. Double
ditch, area 25 acres, circumference 1276 yds., height of rampart, 50 ft.
Area is intersected by a bank and ditch. Hoare found animals’
bones and pottery in the area. Entrance toS.E. Two dwelling pits
within the area have been opened, see below. O.M. 27 SE.; A.W.
II. 97.
Finds, Bronze Age. Skeleton with drinking cup, found 1871, on Old-
bury Hill (?in Calne Without). Devizes Museum Cat. II. x9 fig. ;
WAU. xxxiil. 91.
Late Celtic. Two dwelling pits in Cherhill portion of Oldbury Camp
opened by H. Cunnington 1875. One was 4ft. deep and 5ft. in diam.,
ashes on the floor, with bowl-shaped vessel, bone weaving comb, and
animals’ bones ; the other 9ft. long xX 6ft. wide and 3ft. Gin. deep,
contained a fine quern stone, sarsen mullers, worked flints, bones,
and fragments of pottery vessels. Devizes Museum Caz. II. 835—
837; W.A.. xxiii. 217. See also Calne Without for pits S. of the
camp.
Roman. Weight or pig of iron, iron key, knives, arrow and spear heads,
and chisel; bronze bow brooch, buckle, armlets, &c.; a few coins
Domitian to Maximus. Devizes Museum Cat. II. 314, 356b, 516,
547; W.A.M. vi. 256; xxiil. 216—219 ; xxv. 364 ; xxvil. 291 ; xxviii.
263 ; xxxv. 177, 392; xxxvi. 480.
Large bronze penannular brooch of 5th cent. A.D., found 1858. Devizes
Museum, Cat. Il. 340; W.A.J/. xxiii. 216 fig.
Patch of Roman pavement found 1913 in path immediately in front of
gate into churchyard, of fine quality, figure of dog (?), with guilloche
border and floral ornament.
CHEVERELL, GREAT.
Finds, Late Celtic. Bronze bow brooch, Devizes Museum Caz. II.
313; WAM. xxxv. 403 jig.
Roman. A gallon of coins Gordianus to Tacitus found at “The Sands ”
1695. W.A.M. xxxiii. 169.
Bronze penannular brooch, 1863, buckle, Devizes Museum Cat. II: 337,
347.
Saxon (7). Glass bead found on spot where bones and a sword had been
previously found, “above Knowtham Pond.” Devizes Museum
Cat, 11. 8 3.
CHEVERELL, LITTLE.
Roman. British village on Little Cheverell Down about 1 mile N. of
Imber. A.W. I. 95.
CHICKLADE.
Earthworks. Hoare mentions a bank to the N. of the British village on
Cratt Hill and an old ditch near. A.W. I. 105; Station IV.
By the Rev. HE. H, Goddard. 223
Roman. British village on Cratt Hill [“ Croft Hill,” Hoare], 4 mile N. of
Chicklade village and S. of Great Ridge Wood. O.U.58SW.; A.W.
I. 105, Station IV.
* Roman Road” forms S. boundary of Great Ridge Wood and N.
boundary of Chicklade. 0.M.58S.W.
[British village “ opposite Chicklade Bottom” is in Bernier St.Leonard. }
CHILMARK.
Roman. Onsite of Manor House re-erected 1903-4 by Capt. J. A. Morrison
at Little Ridge (? in this parish) Romano-British dwelling-pits cut
through and excavated by B. Stallybrass. Roman coin, pottery,
animals’ bones, querns, shale armlet, amber bead, &c. Devizes
Museum Cat. IL. 491—49le; W.A.W. xxxiv. 415.
CHILTON FOLILOT.
Finds, Bronze Age. Socketed looped Bronze Celt: J. W. Brooke Coll.
Reliquary, xiv. 247; W.A.M. xxxvii. 135.
CHIPPENHAM.
Barrows. Lanhill Long Barrow, called Hubba’s Lowe by Aubrey. Just
on 8. side of Chippenham—Marshfield Rd. near W. boundary of
parish. Chambered barrow. Excavated by Thurnam 1855 and B.
H. Cunnington 1909. 0.1.19 SE.; A.W. IIL. 100; W.A.W. iii. 86;
xxxvi. 300. See Appendix Long Barrows.
CHIRTON.
Barrows.
1. A barrow just N. of Ridgeway about 1 mile E. of Redhorn Hill.
O.M. 40 SE.; A.W. 1. Station V.; Soc. Ant. Map 5.
2, 3. Two barrows close together just N. of Ridgeway 200 or 300 yards
E. of the last. O.M. 40SE.; A.W.I. Station V.; Soc. Ant. Map
Hi
4. A barrow SE. of junction of Ridgeway and Redhorn Rd. to
Salisbury. O.M. 40 SE.; Soc. Ant. Map 4.
The Ridgeway coming from Gore’s Cross to near Broadbury Banks cuts
across Chirton, on the edge of the escarpment. O.J/. 40 SE.
CHISELDON.
Barrows,
1. Gipsy Lane 1 mile KE. of Barbury Castle, 8. of Burderop Down,
large disc barrow just on N. side of lane and parish boundary,
“with apparently a Long Barrow in the centre of it, now partly
cleared away.” O.M. 22S.E.; Smith p. 191, XIII. L. I. a.; not
224 Lust of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
in A.W. II. Stations XI., XII. [Extremely doubtful whether
this is a true Long Barrow, it is not included in List of Long
Barrows, M.E.C.]
2. Gipsy Lane 4 mile N. of Herdswick Farm, large high bowl-shaped
barrow in Barrow Field just on N. side of lane. O.J/. 23 SW.;
Smith p. 191 XIII. L. I. d.; not in A. W. IL. Stations XI., XII.
[For opposite barrow see Ogbourne St. George. ]
Stone Circle. Day House Farm 3 mile 8. of Coate Church, 9 stones near
farm, remains of circle. O.J/.16 SW.; W.A.M. xxvii. 171.
Ridgeway runs across parish entering at S.W. corner and leaving just N.
of Liddington Castle. A modern Rd. most of way. O.d/. 23 NW. ;
A.W. II. 46.
Roman. Road to Cunetio runs N. &S. through the parish, the modern
road to Marlborough following its course parallel with Midland
Railway. O.1.16 SW. ; 23 NW.
CHITTERNE ALL SAINTS.
Barrows.
1. Barrow on Chitterne Down S. of Fox Cover 4 mile N, of Rd. 8}
milesfrom Amesbury. O.1/.53SW. ; notin A.W. I. Station IIL;
Soc. Ant. Map 281.
2. “Oram’s Grave,” site of barrow at junction of C. All Saints, C. St.
Mary, Maddington, and Fisherton Delamere. Name derived
from suicide buried here at end of 18th century. O.M.53 SW. ;
W.A.M. xxxi. 252; A.W. 1. Station IIT.
3. Barrow on Chitterne Down, just E. of track Bath to Salisbury at
14th milestone from Salisbury. O.M@.53 NW. [Large barrow
with ditch, never ploughed, 1913. M.E.C.].
4. Barrow W. of track 4 mile S. of last. O.M.53 NW.
5 [5a, b, c]. Barrow 3 mile W. of the last. O.M.53 NW.; 4.W.1.
89, Station ITI. shows also 3 barrows in line together to the S.,
not on 0.1.
Earthworks. Old ditch running W. to E. on Breakheart Hill forms
boundary for about 2 miles between Chitterne All Saints and Upton
Lovell and Chitterne St. Mary’s. O.J7.52 NE.; A.W. I. Station III.
Finds, Bronze Age. Within the area of the British village, O.J/. 46
SW., Hoare found skeleton with drinking cup with no sign of barrow.
A.W. I. 87.
Roman. British village in N. corner of parish W. of Kill Barrow. [The
greater part of this fine village site is unploughed, many division
banks are not shown on 0.M. Quantities of Rom. Brit. pottery, with
coins, nails, &c., occur. [ron spearhead Devizes Museum, Cat. IT.
509. M.E.C.]. O.M. 46SW.; A.W. I. 86, Station IIT.
By the Rev. LE, H. Goddard. 225
CHITTOE.
Finds, Bronze Age. A bronze socketed and looped spearhead with
prominent midrib, 6in. or 7in. long, found about 1903, “ near Spye
Park,” came into possession of Police Sergeant Hill, now (1912) at
Purton, who lost it. H.H.G.
Roman. At Bushey Marsh Farm, in extreme S.W. corner of parish, 4
mile N.W. of Sandridge village, quantity of pottery found (? Roman).
O.M. 33 NE. ; Gent. Mag. 1796 pp. 472, 473.
At Chittoe Heath (‘‘ Chitway Heath”), just 8. of Wans Cross Roads.
Hoare mentions a Roman house, no details. O.Jf. 26 SE.; A.W.
IT. 124.
At Silverstreet 4 mile W. of Chittoe Church, another Roman building
noted by W. Cunnington. O.//. 33 NE.; A.W. II. 124.
Great quantities of slag and scoriae from iron smelting, probably
Roman, existed in the fields at Chittoe, and especially in Spye
Park to E. of house where heaps of it were “several feet in thick-
ness.” The lower greensand iron ore extends over the park. W.A.J/.
Xxi. 268 ; Gent. Mag. 1796, 472.
Roman Rd. and Wansdyke combined runs straight W. to E. to Wans
House through Spye Park N. of the house, its course W. of the
house being lost, but E. of the house it is in places very perfect 6ft-
or 7ft. high by 20ft. wide with regular trench on N. side (Hoare).
O.M. 26 SE.; A.W. I1. 83, plan.
CHOLDERTON.
Barrows.
1. Barrowat Ann’s CopseS.of AndoverRd. at 4; miles fromAmesbury.
O.M. 55S.W.; A.W. 1. Station V. South; Soc. Ant. Map 565.
2. Barrow on boundary of Newton Tony 3 mile N.W. of Wilbury Ho.
in plantation just on S.edgeof Rd. 0.17.55 SW.; notin A.W. ;
not numbered on Soc. Ant. Map.
A barrow opened by Mr. Hutchins contained burnt bones and in-
cense cup. Ashmolean Museum. Arch. XLIII. 361 fig. 41;
Modern Wilts, V. 210.
Rev. T. Mozley opened a “double barrow” on the Cow Down and
found “‘ that it was British but overlaid with a Roman cremation
which had at some time been roughly investigated.” Reminis-
cences of Towns and Villages, II. 313.
Earthworks. Large ditch running roughly parallel with S. side of
Amesbury —Andover Rd. and forming boundary of Amesbury and
Bulford and Bulford and Cholderton from Margaret’s Wood to Ann’s
Copse, turns at this point and runs towards Wilbury, passing just N.
of Ann’s Farm after which its track is lost. O.1.55 SW.; A.W. I.
216, Station V. South; Soc. Ant. Uap 563.
Another ditch ran S.E. from Bulford Down to Cholderton village, its
track only is marked on 0.17, 55 SW.; A.W. I. Station V. South.
Roman. Many coins, chiefly of Allectus and Carausius found. Mozley’s
Reminiscences 11. 317.
226 Lust of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
CHUTE.
Barrows.
1. Barrow close to ditch just S.W. of Scots Poor on S. edge of lane
and boundary of Collingbourne Kingston. O.W/. 43 SW.
2. Barrow ? mile S. of Scots Poor on Mount Cowdown E. of Oxhanger
Wood. O.M. 43 5W.
[2a, 2b, 2c.] Hoare A.W. I. 188, Station VI. shows two barrows on
Chute Down 1 mile E. of Chute, and one inside earthworks N.E.
of Upper Conholt, not in 0.17.49 N.W.
Earthworks. Hoare says a bank and ditch 320 yds. N. of Collingbourne
Lodge(? in Chute) issue from the wood in bold form, cross ChuteDown
N. & 8. Ghown on 0.1, 49 NW.) near the Collingbourne Kingston
boundary, and proceed, after interruptions, to Gammon’s Farm,
forming from there the boundary of Collingbourne Kingston and
Chute to Scots Poor, where they reach the Roman Road. A. W. I. 187,
Station VI. The latter part of its course is shown on O.U/. 43 SW.
to Scots Poor whereit stops on the 0.J/,, but it can be traced further
into Shalborne and over Silver Down.
Roman. Chute Causeway, the Roman Rd. Cunetio to Winchester curves
round N.W. to S.E. from Scots Poor to Conholt Park just inside the
Chute—Tidworth boundary all the way except just at Scots Poor
where it forms the parish boundary. At Conholt it forms N. boundary
of park at first then turns S.E. across the park, a bold and perfect
piece of road, where it regains the straight line it had left at Tidcombe.
It leaves the parish and county at Hampshire Gate pointing straight
to Winchester. O.J7. 43 SW. & SE.; A.W. I. 188, Station VI.; II.
69, 70.
Stukeley Jter. VI. 1723 p. 132, says “ Bones are dug up plentifully ina
place called ‘ Bloodfield’ especially. A stone coffin, with skeleton,
arrow, and ‘spear head of brass,’ a horse found buried 3 yds. from
the body.” % Roman.
CLARENDON.
Barrows.
1. Barrow in corner of copse just N.E. of Pitton Lodge. O.M/. 67
SW.; A.W. I. Station VII.
2. Barrow just outside wood and just 8. of Lodge. O17. 67 SW. ;
A.W. I. Station VII.
[2a.] A.W. I. Station VII. shows a third barrow here, not on O..
67 SW.
Finds, Neolithic. Ground flint celt. Blackmore Museum. W.A.M.
x. 36.
At Petersfinger. Neolithic flint cores, scrapers, hollow scrapers, knives,
flakes, &. Blackmore Museum. O.J/. 66 SE. ; Evans’ Stone, 250.
Bronze Age. At Petersfinger,a globular cooking pot with upstanding
rim and rude ears, found with a quantity of flint flakes. ? of what
age.
By the Rev. E. H: Goddard. ©--»'.-- 297
Late Celtic. King’s Manor Farm. British coin, disjointed horse type,
uninscribed. Modern Wilts v. 162 Pl.
Roman. Villa never excavated said to exist in Clarendon Wood. Many
coins found. Arch. Journal II. 86; W.A.M. xiii. 34.
CLYFFE PYPARD.
Barrows. Below the hill at the Badger Copse between Clyffe and
Bupton, 0.4. 21 SE., shows a “mound” and 2 barrows.
1. A small barrow in field a little way N. of the other two, opened,
no record. O.M. 21 SE.; Smith 76 V. E.La.
2. A large mound (‘ natural) just E. of gateway below Badger Copse.
0.M. 21 SE.
3. A low, long mound with ditches at sides and not at ends, like a
very small long barrow 2, just on S. side of the large mound (2).
O.M. 21 SE. ; Smith 76, V. E.1. b.
4. On Windmill Hill } mile W. of Woodhill Park Farm a large
“mound ” (1a barrow) O.W/. 21 NE. ; Smith 76, V. E.I. d.
Earthworks. N. and W. of Lower Bupton cottages broken ground and
many irregular ditches shown on O.M. ; and-adjoining Wood Hill
Park Farm on W. and to N. of it in Mill Mead Wood, considerable
irregular earthworks, ? of what date. O.J/. 21 NE.
Finds, Neolithic. Above the hill considerable numbers of worked
flint scrapers, round, long shaped and notched, hollow scrapers,
borers, knife flakes, cores, &c., of Neolithic’ type,are found; all of
black and grey flint and almost all of small size as compared with
those found on the higher downs. One fragment of a chipped flint
celt and a few well-made arrowheads, 4 barbed and tanged, 2
triangular, 1 tanged without barbs, and one (broken) apparently of
the one sided type with remarkable ripple flaking. Devizes Museum
Cat., II. 31, 68—79.
Roman. In ploughed lands above the hill in 1854 nine interments of
skeletons under large sarsen stones found on either side of the
Broad Hinton Rd. at Cuff’s Corner, scattered about over a consider-
able space with no sign of barrows over them. Other similar
interments have been found in other spots. No detailed record.
Late Celtic or Romano-British? W.A UW. xix. 55 ; Smith, 78.
A considerable number of sarsen mullers, circular and keeled, or of
irregular shape, with a few globular flint mullers, have been found
on the surface in the neighbourhood of these interments and are
probably connected with them. Devizes Museum Café. IJ. 51—58.
Greek bronze coin of Antinous, Bupton. Devizes Museum W.A.J/.
xxvi. 104.
Pottery ring, Bupton. Devizes Museum Cat. II. 250; W.A.M.
XXxil. 371. :
228 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
CODFORD ST. MARY.
Barrows. 4 barrows on Lamb Down S. & §.E. of Codford Circle (1—4).
O.M. 59 NW.
Hoare opened one small one, the others had been opened before
his time. A.W.I. Station III. shows 2 barrows only.
1. Barrow $ mile S. of Codford Circle, 2 mile E. of Codford St. Mary
village. OM. 59 NW.; A.W. I. Station III.
2, 3. Two barrows close together + mile E. of (1). 0.M@.59 NW.;
not in A.W. 1. Station ITI.
4. Small barrow 4 mile S. of two last, opened by Hoare? Urnin cist
inverted over burnt bones. O.M.59NW.; A.W. 1. 81 Pl. VILL.
Station III.: Stourhead Cat. 250.
Earthworks. Codford Circle or “Oldbury Camp” on high point of
down 4 mile N.E. of Church of Codford St. Mary. Slight vallum
and ditch outside, too slight for defence, no entrance. Area over 9
acres, circuit 3 furlongs, 110 yds. O.M@.58 NE. & 59 NW.; A.W. 1.
80, Station III. zg. p. 89. [Both exterior and interior under cul-
tivation but the bank itself has not been ploughed. M.E.C.]
Roman. British settlement “near Codford Circle.” A.W.1. 80. Large
settlement between E. Codford Down and Clay Pit Hill, not marked
on O.M. 53 SW., about 14 mile 8. of Chitterne St. Mary village.
Site partly ploughed, much Rom. Brit. pottery on surface. M.E.C.
CODFORD ST. PETER.
Barrows.
On Codford Down S. of Amesbury—Warminster Rd. at 12 miles from
Amesbury, 0./. 52 SE. shows 6 barrows (1—6) close together, ap-
parently Nos. 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, of Hoare’s “Ashton Valley Group ” of 11.
All opened by Hoare and Cunnington. A.J. I. 78 plan Station III.
The second numbers in brackets are Hoare’s. [All Hoare’s barrows
except (3) still exist, but (9—11) are difficult tosee. Never ploughed
but injured by rabbits, 1913. M.E.C.]
1. (1) Large bowl-shaped barrow with ditch, 80ft. diam. x 6ft. high,
opened by Cunnington 1801. 5 urns with burnt bonesjust under
turf, 4 more urns subsquently found with crouched skeleton.
Opened again 1803 by Cunnington. Cist in floor of barrow with
burnt bones only. Opened again 1808 by Hoare. OnS. side
skeleton of infant a year old in small cist. Another cist with
large urn and bones. O.M.52SE.; A.W. L. 78.
[1a]. (2) Small barrow on E. side of (L), with deep ditch. Frag-
ments of urn and burnt bones just under turf. Circular shaft
in chalk 5ft. deep x 2ft. diam., with smaller circular cist with
burnt bones, at the bottom of it. A.W. I. 78; not on 0...
52 SE. [Not now visible, 1913. M.E.C.]
By the Rev. E. H. Goddard. 229
[1b.] (3) Small barrow between (1) and (2), 1ft. Gin. high. Under
it a “room” 11ft. deep with sharp angles. In centre skeleton at
full length, many pieces of wood and iron nails, Fragments of
Roman pottery in the soil. Roman or Saxon? A.W. 1.78; not
in 0.4.52 SE. [Can still be seen, 1913. M.E.C.]
2. (4) Large flat barrow N. of (1). ‘ Floor covered with black ashes
and charred wood, intermixed with human bones half burned.”
O. M. 52 SE.; A.W. I. 78.
3. (5) Very flat wide barrow just N. of (2), 1ft. high, no interment
found. O0.M.52 SE.; A.W. I. 78.
4. (6) Bell-shaped barrow, 63ft. diam. x 8ft. high, with ditch. On
floor urn inverted over burnt bones, with perforated hammer
axe. Ashes piled up in heap pear urn. O.M.52SE.; 4.W.1.
79, Pl. viii. ; Stourhead Cat. 15.
[4a—4c.] (9. 10, 11) 3 small barrows between (4) and (5), a few
inches high, each containing urn with burnt bones. A.W.I.79;
not on O./. 52 SE. [Still exist, but are difficult to see, 1913.
M.E.C.] .
5. (8) Flat barrow 5ft. high, without ditch. Heap of burnt bones to
S. of centre, with perforated stone hammer axe and bone imple-
ment. O.M, 52 SE.; A.W. I. 79, Pl. viii.; Stourhead Cat.
17 jig.
6. (7) Barrow a little west of the others. Burnt bones in shallow
cist in centre. Saxon skeleton buried above this with fragments
of bronze-mounted firwood bucket (Hoare calls it a shield er-
roneously) and iron sword, with cloth. O.M.52SE.; A.W. I.
79; Stourhead Cat. 227.
Earthworks. The numerous banks on N. side of barrows 1—6 in 0.M.
52 SE. are cultivation banks regularly thrown up. M.E.C.
Saxon. Skeletons in Barrows, see above, Barrows [1b] and (6).
COLERNE.
Barrows. ‘Site of Tumulus” is shown in 0.M. 19 SW. within Bury
Wood Camp exactly at the spot where Hoare shows the small
rectangular work (see below). Hoare shows no barrow. Probably
there was not one here. O.M. shows no sign of the small work.
Earthworks. BuryWood Camp, or NorthWood Camp, 4 mile from Fosse-
way and 4 mile S. of N. Wraxall. Area 25 acres, encloses point of
a promontory of Colerne Down. On the down side a double rampart
with entrance in centre. (Dr. Thurnam discusses possibility of this
being the fortress to which the Danes fled after battle of Ethandune). .
A small nearly square work with entrance on W. inside Camp near
the W. side. A.W. II. 103, Pl. XVI.; W.A.W. iti. '78, 79, plan.
Short angle entrenchment, bank, and ditch, about 200 yds. long, just
N. of Gilling Grove, 2 of amileS.W. of Ford. 0.2£19SW. Aubrey
230 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
(Jackson’s Aubrey 76) mentions it'as “at: Ford Hill : a rampard with
graffe eastward.”
Aubrey mentions “a single workes Gimp? eth “@blem Park above
- Slaughtenford.” Jackson’s Aubrey, 76.
Finds, Neolithic. Scrapers, cores, and worked flints found within Bury
Camp by W. G. Collins and J. E. P. Falconer 1909.
Roman. Pavement found 1838 and villa excavated 1854 in field called
“The Allotment,” by E. W. Godwin. Coins of Constantine period,
pavement with 4 horse chariot and inscription, destroyed. Two other
pavements, hypocaust, central court,and 12 orl38rooms. Arch.Journ.
XIII. 328—332, plan.
The Fosseway forms W. boundary of parish and county. 0.1.25 NW.
COLLINGBOURNE DUCIS.
Barrows... Of the large group of barrows on Snail Down N. of Sidbury
Camp shown on the plan of “ Chidbury Camp” in 4.W. I. 180 Nos.
(in A.W.) 1 and 21 to 26 were in Collingbourne Ducis and the re-
mainder in Collingbourne Kingston. They were opened by Hoare
1805. Hoare’s numbers are given below in brackets. O.M. 48 NW.;
A.W. I. 181—186.
1. (1) S.W. of the rest of the group on Collimapomne Kingston
boundary. Large cinerary urn 133in. high x 103in. in diam.
containing burnt bones.. Part of a skeleton near top of barrow.
OM. 48 NW.; Soc. Ant. Map 90.
2. (21) Large eae 104ft. high. Cist in chat GAtt. x 5ft. x B3éft.
deep, with nothing but a few fragments of charcoal init. O.1.
48 NW.; Soc. Ant Map 51.
3 [Sa]. (22 & 23) Small irregular mounds, no interments found.
Only one of these, the one furthest N.W., is shown on O.W/. 48
NW.; Soc. Ant. Wie 52.
4. (24) Twin barrow. A large barrow and a small one enclosed in
one ditch. The large barrow 11ft. 4in. high, and 97ft. in diam.
Burnt bones which had been enclosed in a wooden chest or tree
trunk 6ft. long x 3ft. wide, with-incense cup, bronze dagger, and
long bronze pin with double rings in the head ; both the latter
were in wooden sheaths. Devizes Museum. Stourhead Cat. 116 ;
Evans’ Bronze 366 fig. 449; A.W. I. 185, Pl. XXIII; ODL. 48
NW.; Soc. Ant. Map 56. .
The small barrow enclosed in the same ditch, burnt bones only.
5. (25) Large barrow 13ft. high with deep ditch. No signs of in-
terment found. O.J/. 48 NW.; Soc. Ant. Map 60. (This 0.17
1st Ed. shows a small barrow attached to W. side of large barrow,
numbered .57.) ses BS
6. (26) To W. of last. Signs of cremation, but no interment found.
O.M. 48 NW.; Soc. Ant. Map 58.
By the Reo. BH. Goddard. 231
[6a. ] Dise barrow intersected by the straight ditch or causeway running
N. from Sidbury on the boundary of Fittleton. A. W.1.180 plan;
not in O.Jf. 48 N.W.
7, 8. ‘Two barrows close together N.E. of the above group 3 mile W.
of Hougomont Farm. O.47/.48N.E.; apparently notin A. W. I.
Station VI.; Soc. Ant. Map 64, 65.
A group of 13 barrows (8a—18) on Cow Down W. of Rd. to N.
Tidworth of which A.W. I. Station VI. shows 12, and O.M. 48
'N.E. shows 10. Of these 10, 3 are inside the plantation, 1 on the
N. edge of it, a disc barrow touching the N. edge, 4 at the N.E.
corner, and 1 to W. of the disc barrow.
“In addition ‘to these the Rev. W. C. Lukis’ plan W.A.M. x. 85
shows 3 small barrows in line [8a—8e] just at W..end of plan-
tation (Nos. 1—3). The second numbers shown here in brackets
are those on Rey. W. C. Lukis’ plan. Objectsin Devizes Museum,
Cat. II. X24—X46.
[Sa.] (1) Apparently a twin barrow, the westernmost of the 3 barrows
in line at W. end of plantation, opened by Rev. W. C. Lukis
1855, had been opened before, fragments of urns, &c., scattered
throughout the larger mound, with ashes. Inthe smaller mound
charcoal only. W.A.d. x. 90.
{8b.] (2) Low barrow, almost ploughed down, to W. of plantation,
_ opened by Rev. W. C. Lukis 1855. Nothing found. W.4.0.
x: 90.
[8ce.] (3) Low barrow, almost ploughed down, to.W. of plantation,
opened by Rev. W.C. Lukis 1855. In centre contracted skeleton
with head to W., close to the hands an iron knife, with fragments
of thick coarse pottery. Devizes Museum Cat. It. x40.
W.AM. x. 90.
9. (4) The westernmost of thee: 3 in the plantation, opened by Rev.
: W. C. Lukis 1855 and 1861. In grave in centre a contracted
skeleton with no right arm and no hands, covered over with large
-flints over which vegetable mould and turf had originally been
heaped up making a barrow with a diameter of about 70ft. Sub-
sequently other secondary interments were added and thé barrow
enlarged to 96ft. in diam. These secondary interments on the
S.E: side of the barrow were’(1) burnt bones ; (2) large urn in-
verted over burnt bones, with dry walling of large flints built up
round it ; (3) burnt bones ; (4) smaller urn containing burnt bones
lying on its side surrounded by flints. 8 other separate inter-
ments of burnt bones were found, in each case within a circle of
flints. Two flint mullers and part of a flat grinding stone were
found. Another urn with burnt bones found later. Devizes
“Museum. ' Cat. II., x24, x25, x36. W.A.M. x. 88 plan of
barrow ; Soc. Ant. Map 95. - ee
232 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
10. (5) The centre barrow of the 3 in the plantation. Grave in
centre, of cylindrical shape 3ft. 10in. long x 1ft. 3in. wide X 1ft
deep, lined :with plaster of pounded chalk 1}in. thick showing
impression of bark of a tree. The calcined bones had been
placed in a hollow trunk of a tree which projected above the
surface level and was covered with a layer of pounded chalk.
A horn hammer with the bones, charred animals’ bones, flint
flakes, and pot sherds in layer of dark earth over floor
of centre of barrow. On the S. and S.E. sides of barrow
6 interments of burnt bones were found, on one of which an
empty urn stood, a larger urn being inverted over another heap.
The centre of the mound was of mould 60ft. in diam. Outside
this 10ft. of pounded chalk as a footing for the chalk rubble in
in which all the secondary burials werefound. Devizes Museum
Cat. II. x32, x88 ; W.A.M. x. 94—97 ; Soc. Ant. Map 96.
11. (6) The most easterly of the 3 in the plantation. Large barrow
110ft. in diam., 12ft. high. Opened on one side 1840, when a
skeleton, a heap of burnt bones, and 5 urns were found. Opened
by Rey. W. C. Lukis 1861. 12ft. S. of centre a grave 1ft. 6in.
deep x 4ft. 6in. Jong containing skeleton of female child 3 or
4 years old, with cinerary urn containing burnt bones and another
urn-shaped vessel empty apparently used as a drinking cup. The
grave covered with mould and over that a layer of pounded
chalk 8in. thick. Allround\S. side of barrow 18 burnt interments
surrounded by flints were found with remains of about 40
different urns, all plain. Devizes Museum Cat. II. x 26, x 27,
x 28,x 38. W.AMM. x. 94; Soc. Ant. Map 97.
12. (8) OnN. edge of plantation, 3ft from top, burnt bones with 2
jet and 5 amber beads. 5ft. from top, parts of a skeleton with
traces of wooden plank. 18in. below the plank a cist with un-
disturbed burnt bones. Upper part of barrow had been dis-
turbed at early period. Devizes Museum Cat. II.x35. W.A.d1.
x. 91; Soc. Ant. Map 98.
13. (7) Disc barrow on N. edge of plantation, opened by Hoare 1805,
no record, tradition says “ a small saucer” found. Opened
again 1855 by Rev. W. C. Lukis, empty cist only found. Soc.
Ant. Map 93.
14. (13) Small low barrow to W. of Disc barrow, opened by Rev. W. C.
Lukis, empty cist only. W.A.Jf. x. 91; Soc. Ant. Map 94.
15. (10) Low barrow, 4ft. 6in. high, opened by Rev. W. C. Lukis.
Burnt bones 1ft. below top surrounded by large flints, and at
intervals of 18in. below each other 3 more burnt interments
surrounded by flints. Nothing else. W.A.MU. x. 91; Soc. Ant.
Map, 92.
16. (12) Low barrow opened by Rev. W. C. Lukis. Skeleton of
child in grave 2ft. long. A small tea-cup-shaped cup near the
face and 1 shale bead. Devizes Museum Cat. II. x 45, x 46;
W.A.M. x. 91, fig.; Soc Ant. Map 91.
By the Rev. LH. H. Goddard. 233
17. (9) Only partially opened by Rev. W. C. Lukis, nothing found.
W.A.M. x. 91; Soc. Ant. Map. 99.
18. (11) Low slightly elongated barrow, opened by Rev. W. C.
Lukis. Burnt bones on a heap of mould 18in. above floor of
barrow, fragment of bone implement only. . W.A.M/. x. 913; Soc.
Ant. Map 100.
19—21. Group of 3 small barrows close together, 4-mile S.E. of last
group, E. of Leckford Bottom and Southly Bridge, just on S.
or E. edge of track, close to N. Tidworth boundary. Two of
these opened by Rey. W. C. Lukis, 1861. 0.07.48 NE.; W.A.1/.
x 102 ; Soc. Ant. Map. 105, 104, 103.
20. Opened by Rey. W. C. Lukis, Roman pottery, &c., eroeen in
mound, previously disturbed.
21. Partly removed in making roadway, opened by Rev. W. C. Lukis.
Fragments of two large urns which had contained burnt bones
amongst large flints. Under them in the centre a circular cist
2ft. wide and 2ft. deep containing charcoal and burnt bones.
Three small barrows in row E. and W. [21a —21c] on slope of
hill somewhere near Leckford Bridge N. of the Everley —Ludger-
shall Rd. and E. of the Collingbourne—Tidworth Rd. Much
ploughed down. Opened by Rev. W. C. Lukis, 1857. Not
on 0.M. 48 NE.; W.A.U. x. 103; Soc. Ant. Map 105*.
{21a]. Westernmost of the 3, at depth of 1ft. from top a thick layer
of ashes and charcoal with a few burnt bones. Under this a
circular hole 14in. diameter x 1ft. deep containing burnt bones
and charcoal.
[21b]. The middle barrow. Similar layer of charcoal covering hole 2ft.
diameter X 2ft. deep, filled with charcoal and burnt bones.
[21c]. Easternmost. 6in. from top, burnt bones and charcoal and
bone pin with pierced head, and skull of Bos longifrons. Devizes
Museum Cat. II. x 31.
22. Barrow E. of Wick Down, W. of Joyce’s Copse. O.Jf. 48 NE. ;
not numbered on Soc. Ant. Map.
Earthworks. Sunnyhill and Windmill Hill Down, 14 mile S. of village,
S. of Devizes—Ludgershall Rd. near N. Tidworth boundary, bank
and ditch running E. and W. OU. 48 NE.; A.W. I. 186, Station
VI.
Wick Down, 14 mile SE. of Collingbourne Kingston, a ditch running
for a short distance HK. and W. O.J/. 48 NE..; Soc. Ant. Map 65*.
In Exdown Copse, N. of Crawlboys on Ludgershall border, a ditch.
A.W. I. 187, Station VI.
Hoare A.W. I. Station VI. shows a ditch running N. and S. over top
of Windmill Hill and Tickpit Hill, not in O./. 48 N.E. and S.E.
Ol, XXXVIII.—NO. CXX. R
234 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
Finds, Neolithic. Chipped flint celt, Blackmore Museum; Fabricator,
Devizes Museum Cat. II. 10.
Finds, Late Celtic. British silver coin “of Greek type” found 1859,
W.A., iii. 14; vi. 256.
Burial with iron knife in barrow, see Barrow 8e above.
COLLINGBOURNE KINGSTON.
Barrows.
1, 2. Two barrows close together S. of Summer Down } mile E. of
Marlborough—Andover Rd., at about 104 miles from Marl-
borough. 0.12. 42 SW.
[2a.] A.W. I. Station VI. shows 3 barrows close together at the point
3.
7.
where (1 & 2) stand, and one to N.E. which may be (8).
A barrow 4 mile N.E. of the last. OJ. 42 SW.
On Snail Down, N. of Sidbury Camp, large group of 31 barrows
shown in Hoare’s plan of “Chidbury Camp” A.W. I. 180, of
which 26 are numbered by him, 24 (apparently) were in Colling-
bourne Kingston [numbered 2 to 20] and 7 in Collingbourne
Ducis. Of these OW. 48 N.W. shows 17 in Collingbourne
Kingston and 5 in Collingbourne Ducis. These barrows were
most of them opened by Hoare 1805. Those now shown on the
Ordnance Map are numbered (4 to 20). The numbers in
brackets thus (2) are Hoare’s numbers.
(2) Large barrow, cist containing small bronze chisel in horn
handle, bone wrist guard, bone implements, a plain and a
grooved whetstone, and a hone, but no bones. Devizes Museum.
A.W. I. 182—184 Pl. XXI.; Evans’ Bronze 168, 382, fig. 189 ;
Evans’ Stone 144, 241 ; Stourhead Cat. 95—98c; Soc. Ant. Map. 62.
(3) Small barrow, skeleton only. Soc. Ant. Map. 61.
(4) Low barrow with ditch, a circular cist 3ft. diam., and inside
this a smaller cist containing burnt bones, two incense cups, and
abronzeawl. Devizes Museum. A.W. I. 182, Pl. ORES Stour-
head Cut. 104, 104a. Soc. Ant. Map. 55*.
(5) Deep cist but no interment. Soc. Ant. Map. 54.
[7a]. (6) Apparently not on O.J/. Burnt bones enclosed in wood in
8.
a wide cist.
(7) Large urn with burnt bones Soc. Ant. Map. 53.
[It is impossible to identify the smaller barrows of Hoare’s group
at this point, 4 of which he does not number, with those shown
on the 0.1. Apparently number 9 [10a] and five other very
small mounds closely adjoining do not appear on O.J/, now. |
2 very small barrows between (9 and 10) numbered on Soc. Ant.
Map. (1st Ed.) 39, 40, are not on O.Jf, 48 NW. 2nd Kd.
A “boundary mound” just N. of ditch on boundary of Colling-
bourne Kingston, 8. of No. 8 is on Soc. Ant. Map 59.
By the Rev. HB. H, Goddard.
ho
(Sis)
Ot
9. (8)? Burnt bones only. Soc. Ant. Map 38.
10. (12) Nothing found. Soc. Ant. Map 42.
[10a.] (9) Fragments of urn and burnt bones near surface. Deep cist
in chalk empty, but many signs of cremation. Not in O./.
2nd ed.
11. (10) Nothingfound Soc. Ant. Map 41.
12. (11) Anempty cist. Soc. Ant. Map 37.
13. (13) <A very large barrow. A stratum of black ‘earth only. Soc.
Ant. Map 43.
14. (14) Disc barrow, had been opened before, ashes and burnt bones
found mixed together. Soc. Ant. Map 44.
15. (15) Fragments of pottery and a few burnt bones. Soc. Ant.
Map 45.
16. (16) Burnt bones in cist. Soc. Ant. Map 46.
17. (20) Cist 3ft. deep, on one side of it an urn upright containing
burnt bones. Devizes Museum. Stourhead Cat. 255; Soc. Ant.
Map 50.
18 (18) Not mentioned by Hoare. Apparently a disc barrow with
2mounds. W.A.M. x. 99; Soc. Ant. Map 49.
19. (17) “ Hunter’s Barrow,” 8ft. 10in. high. On the floor a pile of
burnt bones and ashes surrounded by a wreath of stags’ horns.
On the ashes 5 flint arrowheads and a red pebble. Nearer the
surface, the skeleton of a dog. Devizes Museum. Stourhead
Cat. 105—109; A.W. 1. 183, Pl. XXII. ; Evans’ Stone, 343, 419 ;
Soc. Ant. Map 47.
20. (19) Large barrow, previously opened, nothing found. Soc. Ant.
Map 48.
21. Long barrow on Fairmile Down 14 mile N.E. of Church. 0.1.
42 SE. True long barrow but shown as a round barrow by
Hoare in A.W. Station VI.; not numbered on Soc. Ant. Map.
See Appendix Long Barrows.
Earthworks. Boundary between Coll. Kingston and Fittleton formed by
straight bank and ditch running N. from Sidbury Camp. Another
Ditch cuts this at right angles running through Fittleton and Coll.
Kingston to British village just N. of barrows on Snail Down
A.W. I. 180, Station VI.
Ditch runs from Gammons Farm N.E. into Shalbourne at Scots Poo
and on to Fosbury. O. G. S. Crawford 1913; O.U. 43 SW.;
A.W. I. Station VI. J
On Aughton Down 4 mile N. of Croft Barn, a somewhat triangular
enclosure. O.J/. 42 SW.
The group of barrows on Snail Down is enclosed between two parallel
ditches running E. & W. at right angles to the ditch running N.W.
from entrance to Sidbury Camp and forming for 4 mileS. of Snail
Down Square the parish boundary. O.M. 48 NW.
Roman. Just N. of the group of barrows on Snail Down [4 to 20] Hoare
shows a British village, A.W. 1.181, Station VI. ?in what parish.
Rez
236 Lust of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
Barrows.
COMPTON BASSETT.
1. Barrow in Mount Wood at K.end of Park, unopened. 0.17.27 NE;
Snuth p. 44 IT. C. 1V.a.
Barrows.
COMPTON CHAMBERLAYNE.
1. Barrow N. of Rd. + mile N.W. of Compton Hut. O.Jf. 65 SE.;
A.W. 1. Station VIII.
Earthworks. In extreme §.E. corner of parish near Compton Hut, bank
and ditch traverse a very narrow ridge of down and form boundary
between Compton & Burcombe, says Hoare. A.W. I. 250, Stations
VIII. & IX. ; not in O.W. 65 SE.
Short ditch near 8S. boundary E. of Compton Ivers. O.J.'70 NW.
Barrows.
COOMBE BISSETT.
1. Round barrow a little distance S. of Grimsditch. 0.1. 71 SW. ;
A.W. 1. Station VII.
2. O.M. 7) SW. shows just S.W. of (1) a narrow long mound. Not
in A.W. 1. Station VII.
On the Salisbury—Shaftesbury Rd. at 3 miles from Salisbury, on N.
boundary of Coombe Bissett, at the racecourse at the point where the
line of the Roman Rd. cuts the Shaftesbury Rd., A.W. II. Roman
fira p. 26, plan of Roman Rd., shows 4 barrows (2a—2d). A.W. I.
Station VII. shows 3. None of these shown on 0.1. 71 NW.
[2a].
[2b].
[2c].
[2a].
Very small barrow in triangle formed by Shaftesbury Rd.,
Roman Rd., and Drove Lane. N.or W. of Roman Rd. Possibly
in W. Harnham parish.
Largest of 2 close together a few yards on S. or E. side of
Roman Rd., E. of Drove Lane. Opened by Cunnington, 1803.
Had been opened before, 2 skeletons near surface disturbed,
primary interment not found. A.J. II. Roman Aira p. 26.
Small barrow close to last, opened same time. Large grave
34ft. deep, no skeleton but iron sword 29in. long, 3 spear heads,
2 knives, umbo of shield, bronze and iron buckles, finger rings
of silver and gold wire, bronze studs set with garnets and
enamel, bronze-handled vessel which had been fastened to oak
wood bowl, 2glass cups. Saxon. 4.W. II. Roman Aira 26, 27,
Pls. XXXVI, XXXVII.; Stourhead Cat., 216—217a, 221, 244,
300, 355.
Barrow just on opposite side of Drove Lane. ? opened by
Cunnington. A.W. II. Roman Aira 26.
By the Rev. B. H. Goddard. == 287
Earthworks. Grims ditch coming from Standlynch W. through Nunton
and Odstock forms boundary of Coombe Bissett and the county
for 3-mile, and then crosses S. point of parish into Stratford Tony.
OM. 71 SW.; A.W. I. 232 Station VII.; Ancient Harthworks of
Cranborne Chase 58, plan.
Saxon, Sce Barrows 2b 2c above.
CORSHAM.
Barrows. Barrow in plantation just 8S. of Jubilee Wood and 4 mile N.W.
of Hartham House. O.J/. 25 NE.
Earthworks. Theline of the Roman Road and Wansdyke combined form
the S. boundary of the parish throughout, passing 200 yds S. of Neston
House. In Neston Park the Ridge says Hoare was 64ft. high. He
believes that a cutting here shows that the bank of Wansdyke was
thrown up over the Roman Road here and is therefore later. O.I.
25 SE, 26 SW.; A.W. II. 16—30, 79 plan.
Roman. “At the back of the late George Inn is an old Roman bas relief
of six figures, dug up on the spot.” Jackson’s Aubrey, 80.
CORSLEY.
Barrows,
1, 2. Cley Hill. 2 barrows on top of hill, opened by Hoare. The
larger produced ashes, fragments of pottery, and ears of wheat,
but no interment. The smaller had an interment of burnt bones
which had been disturbed. 0.1.51 NE.; A.W.1.51, Station IT.
Earthworks. Cley Hill Camp, a single ditch and rampart surround the
top of the hill. 0.1.51 NE.; A.W. I. 51, Station II. ; View of Cley
Hill, A.W. I. 55.
COULSTON, EAST.
Roman. Hoard of Roman 3rd brass coins in a broken pot found at Baynton
cur. 1830, of which 365 were given to Devizes Museum, described,
W.A.M, xxxv. 182.
112 coins, perhaps the same, W.A.J/. ix. 27. Roman spoon found near
same spot. Devizes Museum. W.A.M. xxxvii. 496.
CRICKLADE.
Finds, Bronze Age. Bronze socketed celt. A. D. Passmore coll.
W.A.M. xxxvii. 134.
Finds, Late Celtic. Bronze bow fibula with openwork foot, probably of
Roman date. Found in the Churn. British Museum. Gude to
Karly Iron Age, p. 102.
238 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
Roman. Ermine Street resumes its straight course S.E. at Caleutt Bridge.
O.M.5SW. Stukeley says Cricklade was probably a Roman town.
Square embankment round the town 3 mile long on each side clearly
discernible in 1870 except where destroyed by houses. S.W. corner
in meadow adjoining St. Sampson’s ch. yd.; N.W. corner at N. end
of Longclose ; N.E. corner in meadow adjoining Abingdon Court ;
S.E. corner in Paul’s Croft. Many Roman coins found. Roman
bricks found in restoring St. Mary’s Ch., 1862. W.A.U/. xii. 126.
[For finds in neighbourhood see Latton.]
CRUDWELL.
Barrows. Aubrey writes “In this parish are several barrows
There is a hamlet called Chedslow, near to which place is a haaeow
ortwo . . .” Canon Jackson adds (1862) “of the barrows one
or two are left. That at Chedslow itself has been “hauled away to
fill up quarries,” the field is still called barrow field. Jackson’s
Aubrey, 213. No barrows are shown on O.J7.
Finds, Neolithic. 3 very fine polished flint celts, 9in. long, which had
apparently never been used, found 1862 lying together. 2 in Devizes
Museum Cat. II. 7; W.A.J/, xxxi. 269 ; xxxii. 178; Evans’ Stone,
99.
Roman. In quarry in Long Furlong, Murcott, 2 skeletons found 1901,
head of one at feet of the other. Several coins, one of Gallienus,
found in trench in same quarry. Skeletons said to have been found
here for years. Rev. H. K. Adkin.
Fragments of pottery, Samian with maker’s name. Devizes Museum
Cat. II. 243; W.A.M. xxxiv. 240.
Fosseway forms N.W. boundary of parish, and as far as it marches
with Rodmarton, of the county as well. O0.12.3SEH. & NE.; A.W.
II. Roman Aira 98 plans.
DEAN, WEST.
Barrows.
[1a, 1b.] A.W. I. Station VII. shows 2 barrows on Dean Hill, S. of
W. Dean, not shown on O.M. 72 NE. In W. Dean or White-
parish? A barrow on Dean Hill near its centre and overlooking
the village was opened 1870 by Rev. G.S. Master. No interment
found. WA. xxii. 243.
Earthworks. Small circular “camp” and other works just E. of old
Church. O.1/. 72 NE.
Finds, Neolithic. Flint chisel. J.A.M/. xxii. 242.
Finds, Late Celtic. British gold coin, uninscribed, disjointed horse
type, found about 1883. Dr. H. P. Blackmore. W A.M, xxii. 242.
In a field called ‘‘Tots” adjoining the glebe, British coin of Vericus
inscribed VERI., in possession of Rev. G.S. Master. W.A.J/. xxii. 242.
By the Rev. HL. H. Goddard. 239
Roman. Just on or over the parish and county boundary immediately
adjoining N. side of railway, E. of Church, in field in front of Rectory,
a Roman villa found 1741 and rooms and pavements opened, all
covered by railway 1846. Further excavations by H. Hatcher 1845,
pavements and rooms in field called “ Hollyflower.” 1871—8 further
excavations by Rev. G. 8. Master, pavements, baths, hypocausts,
pottery, Samian, &c., window glass, iron tools, bone objects, brooches,
coins Victorinus to Magnentius. Salisbury Museum. O.M/. 72 NE. ;
W.AMW. xiii. 33; xxii. 248. [Holbury Copse where other Roman
objects were found is in Hants. ]
DEVIZES.
Roman. When railway was made 1861, a quantity of Roman pottery,
Samian, &c., iron axe head, knives, nails, found with an interment at
Pans Lane. Devizes Museum Cat. I]. 352, 387—399d ; W.A.M. ix. 27 ;
XXiv. 345; xxxvi. 480, 508; xxxvil. 496. A skull in Cambridge
Museum. No. 144.
Coins found near, 1853. W.A.M. i. 62. ;
At Wick, several hundred coins in earthen pot 1699 on property of Sir
John Eyles. A number of other vessels foundlater. W.A.M, ix. 29.
Close to site of Southbroom House set of 21 (or 19 2) bronze “ Penates ”
found 1714, in urn enclosed in tiles and cement, with coin of Severus.
8 of the figures in the British Museum. W.A.J/. i, 214; vi. 138 ;
ix. 29; Waylen’s Chron. of Devizes 279.
[“A Tessellated pavement found recently in the cellars of the Old Town
Hall and still am satu,” mentioned Arch. Journ. XLIV. 54 (1887).
There is no truth in this statement. B. H. Cunnington].
DILTON MARSH.
Finds, Bronze Age. Cinerary urn found close to Chalcot House, in
possession of C.N.P. Phipps. M.E.C.
Roman. Many Roman pottery vessels, brooches, &c., found on site of
Roman settlement in ground round Chalcot House, in possession of
C. N. P. Phipps (1908). OJ 44SE.; W.A.M. xxxvi. 473.
Hoare notes that the whole tract between Dilton and Hisomley was
inhabited by Romano Britons. “All kinds of pottery,” &c., at Short
Street just W.of Chalcot House ; Roman coins and pottery “‘ dispersed
over the fields.” A.W. I. 52, 53, Station IT.
DINTON.
Earthworks. The ditch running irregularly from Hanging Langford
Camp to Stockton Works forms parish boundary at}Dinton Beeches.
0.M.59 SW.
240 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
Finds, Neolithic. On the slope between village and hill on the N. a
number of worked flints, scrapers, knives, oval leaf-shaped arrow-
head, and others, have been found about 9in. below the surface.
Rev. G. H. Engleheart coll. 1908. O.U. 65 NW.; W.A.M. xxxvi. 86.
A crouched burial, apparently Neolithic with no sign of barow over it,
was found at the waterworks beyond the ridge N. of Dinton village,
1909. Flint flakes and two fragments of worked bone accompanied
it. G. H. Engleheart. W.A.M/. xxxvi. 144.
Finds, Bronze Age. Dinton Beeches, large bronze spear head broken.
Blackmore Museum. W.A.M. xxxvii. 143.
Bronze palstave without loops, 1878. Blackmore Museum. W.A.d/.
XXXvVil. 132.
Bronze socketed looped celt, Dinton Beeches, 1881. Blackmore
Museum. W.A.M. xxxvii. 135.
Roman. Thecourse of the ‘* Roman Road” W. to E. from Dinton Beeches
runs through the woods near N. boundary of parish. O.M. 59 SW.
DONHEAD ST. ANDREW.
Finds, Neolithic. Short thick celt of hard gritstone. Canon Short,
Salisbury Museum. Salesbury Meld Club Trans. 1. 35.
DONHEAD ST. MARY.
Barrows.
1. Charlton Down, near 8. boundary of parish and county, barrow
on N. edge of Ox Drove, # mile S. of Charlton Manor Farm.
O0.M. 74 N.W. This is shown as an oval barrow, A.W. I.
Stations VIII. IX. [Really a round barrow with ditch. M.E.C.]
[1a.] Just opposite last on 8. side of Ox Drove, a round barrow
shown by A.W.I. Stations VIII. [X., with another on county
boundary and two others just in Dorset, all just S. of (1). Not
on O.W. 74 NW. ;
2. Barrow just S. of Ox Drove 4 mile 8.E. of (1). OJ 74 NW.;
A.W.1. Stations VIII. IX. shows at this point a barrow just N.
. of Ox Drove, perhaps in error.
3. Barrow j mile E. of (2) between two tracks near parish boundary
opposite Wingreen Plantation. O.i/.'74 NE. j
[Sa.] Between the two ditches which cross the Ox Drove. A.W. I.
Stations VIII. IX. shows a barrow in the Ox Drove itself (Sa),
not in O.J/,, and two others just S. of it, probably (8) and (4).
4. Long barrow, Ashmore Down, 8.E. of (3), 4 mile N.W. of Friend’s
Burial Ground, close to county boundary, 4 mile W. of Quarry
Bottom. 0.1.74 NW. See Appendix, Long Barrows.
[4a.] Wingreen Hill, unopened barrow on 8. edge of Ox Drove. A.W.
I. Stations VIII. IX. ; not in 0.17. 74 N.W.
By the Rev. LH, H. Goddard. 241
_ Ina barrow at Charlton opened 1832, a small triangular bronze
knife dagger. Devizes Museum, W.A.d/. vi. 259 ; xxxvii. 455,
610 fig. d
Earthworks. On Charlton Down a line of ditch cuts across ridge and
Ox Drove at point of intersection of tracks mile N.K. of Wingreen
Plantation, another shorter ditch cuts across a little way to the W.
O.M. 74 NW.; A.W. I Stations VIII. [X.; Ancient Harthworks of
Cranborne Chase 66, plan.
At Wingreen Hill about 2 milesS.E. of Church. A ditch cuts across
a promontory and the parish boundary 8S. of the Ox Drove. O.J/.
74 N.W. ; A.W. I. 248 Stations VIII. IX.
On Tittle Path Hill, about 12 miles N.W. of village, Castle Rings
Camp. Strong earthwork, had 4 entrances; single ditch; area
114 acres, circuit 4 furlongs 132 yards. Depth of vallum 40ft. On
W. of camp remains of bank and ditch. O.M. 69 SW. ; A.W. I. 253,
Stations VIII. IX. plan; Ancient Earthworks of Cranborne Chase
23 plan.
Just on W. side of camp a short line of ditch running N. and S. cuts
across the road into Crate’s Wood in Semley. O.//. 68 N.E.; A.W.
I. Stations VIIT. IX.
Finds, Neolithic. Great numbers of flint scrapers, flakes, &c., are
found round the springs of the Nadder, as though the Neolithic
people had settled there. Ground flint celts have been found in the
rectory garden, on the Shaftesbury Rd., at Barker’s Hill, and on
Wyncombe ; a pebble hammer stone at Barker’s Hill ; a barbed and
tanged arrowhead (Canon W. F. Short collection). Many of the
Scrapers, &c., now in Salisbury Museum, 1911).
At Windwhistle 1 mile SW. of Donhead St. Mary Church, 2 leaf-shaped
arrowheads and hundreds of worked flints, scrapers, hollow scrapers,
cores, &c. Canon Short. Salisbury Museum. O.Jf. 69 SW.;
Salisbury Field Club Trans. I. 34.
Finds, Bronze Age. Bronze palstave, and socketed celt found on
surface EH. of Castle Rings; Blackmore Museum. Bronze palstave
from surface near Castle Rings; Canon Milford, of E. Knoyle.
W.A.M. xxxvil. 132, 133, 135.
In 1896 a bronze founder’s hoard was found “at Donhead ” consisting
of 3 celts, 1 hammer, 1 mould for celts, 1 armlet, 1 burnishing stone,
2 fragments of bronze, and several lots of wire, now in Farnham
Museum. W.A.M. xxxvii., 137, 138, 140, 155, 157.
DOWNTON.
Barrows.
1, Barrow on boundary line of parish and county, 4-mile S. of Great
Yews. 0.17.71 SW. [Round ploughed into ovalshape. M.E.C.}.
2. “Giants Grave,” Long barrow 1 mile N.W. of New Court Farm,
3 mile S.W. of Charlton Farm. 0O.M.71 SE.; not in A.W. L.,
Station, VII. See Appendix, Long Barrows.
242 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
3. “Giants Chair,” round barrow a little distance S.E. of last. O.J/.
71 SE. ; not in A.W. 1. Station VII.
[The barrows shown in A.W. I. Station VII. at Gallows Hill and
Breamore Down are in Hants. O.J/. 76 NE.
Earthworks. From Whitsbury Camp, now in Hants, a ditch called in
O.M. “ Grimsditch ”” runs N. to Gallows Hill, where it forms Wilts
and Downton boundary for 4 mile, and across Wick Down and New
Court Down into Standlynch. O.M.'76 NE.; 71 SE.; A.W. I. 231
Station VII.
The Moot, large earthworks of doubtful plan and date, just on E. bank
of the Avon, strong double horseshoe-shaped banks and ditches,
much cut about and altered by conversion into pleasure grounds.
Said to be a Saxon “moot hill.” O.0.77 NW. ; Arch. Journ. xxxii.
305—309, plan; W.A./. xxi. 353.
Finds, Bronze Age. 2 looped palstaves, 2 palstaves without loops,
1 socketed looped celt. Blackmore Museum. Evans’ Bronze, 89,
91,120; W.A.M. xxxvil. 132, 133, 185.
DURNFORD.
Barrows.
Group of 7 barrows (1—7) round Littledown Clump, just E. of
the Avon, N. of Netton Hill, is shownon 0.14 60NE. A.W-TI.
Station V. South shows 2 barrows as on Netton Hill. Of these
Rev. E. Duke opened one, finding charcoal only without inter-
ment. A.J. I. 221. Perhaps these are the barrows mentioned
by Mr. Letheuillier. In E. side of one, urn filled with ashes
found 1731, and another urn in same barrow 1732. In the other,
a skeleton with a “spearhead ” (dagger ?) found 1732. A.J. I.
221, 222; Gent. Mag. 1754 p. 188 confuses the account but refers
to same barrows.
1, 2. Two large barrows (1 the westernmost) close together near
chalk pit and Avon.
3. Small barrow just S.E. of last near clump.
4. Barrow a little distance H. of 1 and 2. ;
5, 6, 7. Three small barrows close together just S. of clump.
Earthworks. Ogbury Camp above and just E. of Gt. Durnford village.
Area 62 acres, circuit 1 mile, 1 furlong, 53yds. Single rampart of no
great strength, without ditch, much mutilated on SE. and W. sides.
Entrance to E. Hoare found marks of enclosures inside but no
signs of habitation. O.J/. 60 NE.; A.W. I. 219, 220, Station V.
South; Stukeley, Jt7n. Curiosa 138. [The whole interior has been
ploughed and all trace of enclosures, &c., destroyed, 1913. M.E.C.].
Bank and ditch running N.E. from Little Durnford a continuation says
Hoare of the Groveley and Chilhampton Ditch. A.W 1.215, Station
V. South.
Roman. On high ground just E. of Ogbury Camp, signs of British village.
A.W. I. 220, Station V. South.
By the kev. LH. H. Goddard, 243
DURRINGTON.
[The numbers in brackets thus (62) are those on Hoare’s Map of
Stonehenge. |
Barrows.
Of the group of barrows on both sides of the parish boundary 4 mile
N. of the Lesser Cursus and the end of Fargo plantation, 5 in-
cluding 1 on the boundary are in Winterbourne Stoke, 3 (1—S) in
Durrington. Some of these had been opened before W. Cunning-
ton’s time, some were opened by him but no exact record of their
contents exists. O.M.54SW.;A.W.I. 166, Note. See also Winter-
bourne Stoke. [Barrows 1—7 now in middle of Artillery Camp,
1913. M.E.C.]
1. (62) Disc barrow. O.M. 54 SW. ; Soc. Ant. Map, 319. [In poor
condition, 1913. M.E.C.}
2. (63) Just E. of last. O..7.54SW.; Soc. Ant. Map, 320. [Good
condition, 1913. M.E.C.]
3. (64) Just E. of last. O.M.54SW.; Soc. Ant. Map, 321. [Good
condition, 1913. M.E.C.]
4,5. (65) A little E. of last, O.M. 54 SW. shows 2 barrows close
together. A.W. Stonehenge Map shows only 1. It is doubtful
whether 5 is a barrow (A.H.L.). Soc. Ant. Map, 322, 323. [Good
c condition, 1913, M.E.C_]
6, 7. Two barrows a little distance from each other, about 3 mile E.
of the last, neither of them on A.W. Stonehenge Map ; O.M. 54
SW. ; Soc. Ant. Map, 324, 325.
8. (66) Low barrow just 8.E. of 7, opened by Hoare. Fragments of
skull, large cinerary urn, and drinking cup. O0.M.54SW.; A.W.
I. 166 ; Soc. Ant. Map, 326. [Good condition, 1913. M.E.C.]
9. (67) Large barrow just S.W. of 8. Opened before Hoare’s time.
O.M. 545W.; A.W.1. 166; Soc. Ant. Map, 328. [Fair condition,
has been dug into, 1913. M.E.C.]
10. (68) “Pond Barrow” E. of 9. 0.1. 54S.W.; A.W.1.166; Soc.
Ant. Map, 327. [Good condition, 1913. M.E.C.]
On Durrington Down, just E. of 10, O.1f. 54 SW. shows a group
of 13 barrows very close together, 11—22. A.W. Stonehenge
Map shows 15 barrows in this group. Opened for the most part
by Hoare, or by W. Cunnington at earlier period. A.W. I. 167,
[This group in good condition, 1913. M.E.C.]
11. (69) The westernmost of the group, a low barrow opened by W.
Cunnington 1803. Large cin. urn with burnt bones and remains
of linen cloth in cist. W.A.I/. xxi. 260 fig.; Soc. Ant. Map 340.
12. (70) Opened by Hoare. Burn bonesin cist. Soc. Ant. Map, 339.
13. (71) Bowl-shaped barrow with ditch, opened by Hoare. Two
urns each containing burnt bones, one over the other, and above
these near the surface, a child’s skeleton. (Soc. Ant. Map 338.
244 Last of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
14. (73) Opened by Hoare. Flat barrow with ditch, near the surface
a skeleton with 4 lignite beads. Another paar interment had
_ apparently been disturbed. Soc. Ant. Map 347.
15. (74) Disc barrow, the mound not in the centre, a cist filled with
ashes only. Soc. Ant. Map 348.
16, 17, [17a]. (75—77) Stonehenge Map shows 3 barrows here, and
Soc. Ant. Map also shows 3, 2 of them, 350, 351, being small
barrows joined together. O.M. 54 SW. 2nd edition, shows two
barrows only. These barrows had been opened before Hoare’s
time. Soc. Ant. Map 349—351.
18. (83) Opened by Hoare. Cinerary urnand bronzeawl. A.W.I.
167; Soc. Ant. Map 347.
19. (72) Opened by W. Cunnington. Cin. urn found. Soc. Ant.
Map 344.
20. (82) Opened by Hoare. A hole filled with ashes and two in-
terments of burnt bones. A.W. I. 167; Soc. Ant. Map 345.
21. (81) Opened by Hoare. A large rude cin. urn and burnt bones.
A.W. 1.167; Soc. Ant. Map 346.
[2la.] (80) The southernmost. barrow in this group shown on Stone-
henge Map said by Hoare to be “not sepulchral.” Noton 0.1.
54 SW. [Not now to be found, 1913. M.E.C.]
22. (79) Opened before Hoare’s time, no record. Soc?Ant. Map 353.
23. (78) Opened before Hoare’s time, norecord. Soc. Ant. Map 352.
24. Long barrow 3 mile NE. of the last group on Durrington Down,
% mile S. of Knighton Long Barrow. O.M. 54 SW.; A.W.
Station V. North ; Soc. Ant. Map 337. See Appendix, Long
Barrows.
A scattered group of 15 barrows 25—88 on Durrington Down N.
of the Cursus, S.E. of group 11—23. OU. 54 SW. 25—29
are in a line roughly.
25. (84) Large barrow, ploughed over, opened by Bienes Primary —
interment a eonched skeleton, another skeleton with drinking
cupand “twoknives.” A.W. I. 167; Soc. Ant. Map 358. [Injured
by rabbits, 1913. M.E.C.]
26. (85) Opened before Hoare’s time. Interment of burnt bones
A.W. 1. 167; Soc. Ant Map 359. [Fair condition 1913. M.E.C.] ~
27. (86) Circular cist and hole filled with ashes, had been opened
before Hoare’s time. A.W.I. 167; Soc. Ant. Map 361. [Fair
condition, 1913. M.E.C.]
28. (87) Disc barrow. Fragments of urn and burnt bones in shallow |
cist. O.U. 54 SW.; A.W. I. 167; Soc. Ant. Map 362. [Good |
condition, 1913. M.E.C.] ;
By the Rev. LE. H. Goddard. 245
29. (88) Disc barrow. Fragments of urn and burnt bones near sur-
face, and beneath them an urn inverted over burnt bones. 0.J/,
54 SW.; A.W. 1., 167; Soc. Ant. Map, 363. [Good condition,
1913. M.E.C.]
30. Barrow to S.W. of last, not on Stonehenge Map ; O.M.548W. ;
Soc. Ant. Map 355.
31. Barrow to S.E. of last, close to Amesbury boundary, not on
Stonehenge Map ; O.M. 54 SW.; Soc. Ant. Map 364.
32 (89) Southernmost of 3 barrows close together in line just E. of
the last. Has been ploughed. Opened by Hoare. Skeleton
with head to N. O.Jf.54 SW. ; A.W. 1.167; Soc. Ant. Map
371.
[Barrows 32—36 have been ploughed but are now down to grass
and in fair condition, 1913. M.E.C.]
33. (90) Close on N.E. side of the last, ploughed over, opened by
Hoare. Large urn inverted over burnt bones. O.J/. 54 SW.;
A.W. 1. 167; Soc. Ant. Map 370.
34. (91) Close on N.E. side of last, opened by Hoare. Burnt bones
on floor, deep cist filled with ashes and fragments of burnt bone.
O.M. 54 SW.; A.W. 1. 168; Soc. Ant. Map 369.
35. (92) Just S.E. of 29, opened by Hoare. Crouched skeleton in
grave, above it fragments of urn with burnt bones, a second
skeleton, and fragments of enormous stag’s horns. O.U. 54
SW.; 4.W.1. 168; Soc. Ant. Map 360.
36. (93) N.E. of the last. Primary interment, a skeleton with fine
drinking cup. Above this a rude urn with burnt bones and
small cup, also remains of a second skeleton near the surface.
O.U. 54 SW.; A.W. 1. 168, Pl. XVIII. ; Soc. Ant. Map 357.
37, 37a. (96, 951) Two barrows touching each other, just S.E. of
36. Opened by Hoare. Burnt bones and nothing else. 0. M.
54 SW.; A.W. 1. 168; Soc. Ant. Map 366, 365.
[37b.] (94) Barrow ploughed over just N. of the last. Not opened
by Hoare. Not in O.M.54SW. [Very low, 1913. M.E.C.]
38. A little distance N.E. of 25. 0.14.54 SW.: Soc. Ant. Map 356 ;
not on A.W. Stonehenge Map.
39. Large disc barrow just at N.E. corner of Fargo Down Barn 8. of
group 11—23. Opened by Hoare. A large rude urn without
interment. O.U/. 54 SW.; Soc. Ant. Map 354; not shown on
Stonehenge Map, but mentioned A.V. I. 167. [In good condition
1913. M.E.C.]
A group of 7 barrows, 40—46, close together on Durrington Down
close on N.W. side of Down Barn, E. of the last. O.M.54 SE.
[In good condition, never ploughed, 1913. M.E.C.]
40. (109) Southernmost of line of 5 barrows, and nearest the barn.
Opened before Hoare’s time, no record. A.W. 1.168; Soc. Ant.
Map 384.
246 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
41. (110) Close on N.W. side of last. Opened before Hoare’s time.
A.W. 1.168; Soc. Ant. Map 353.
42. (111) Close in line N.W. of last. Opened before Hoare’s time.
O.M.54SE.; A.W. I. 168; not in Soc. Ant. Map.
43. (112) In line N.W. of last. A twin or oval barrow with ditch
all round. Burnt bones under one mound, urn inverted over
burnt bones under the other. 0.4. 54 SE. (not shown as atwin
barrow); A.W. 1.168; Soc. Ant. Map 380.
44. 113. Northernmost of the line of 5. Opened by Hoare, disturbed
before his time. Fragments of urn and skeleton. O.1/.54 SE. ;
A.W. 1.169; Soc. Ant. Map 379.
45 (114) Just E. of £3. Opened by Hoare. Deep cist with burnt
bones and ashes. O.1/.54SE.; A.W.1. 169; Soc. Ant. Map 381.
[Defaced by rabbits, 1913. M.E.C.]
46. (115) Just on 3. side of last, opened by Hoare, had been opened
before. Burnt bones in cist. 0.17.54 SE.; A.W. I. 169; Soc.
Ant. Map 382.
A group of small barrows + mile H. of the last group and + mile N. of
E. end of Cursus, 8.E. of Down Barn. OJ. 54 SE. shows 8 barrows
47—54 close together.
47. (101) Opened by Hoare. Burnt bones in cist, with shale rings
and glass bead. A.W. I. 168; Stourhead Cat. 30a; Soc. Ant.
Map 386. [Condition good, 1913. M.E.C.]
48. (102) Opened by Hoare. Burnt bones in cist with remains of
cloth in which they were wrapped. A.W. 1. 168; Soc. Ant. Map
387. [Condition good, 1913. M.E.C.]
49. (103) Opened by Hoare. Deep circular cist with ashes. A.W.
I. 168; Soc. Ant. Map 388. [Condition good, 1913. M.E.C.]
50. (104) Opened by Hoare. Disturbed before that. Remains of
several skeletons, fragments of urns, large deep cist, and stag’s
horn implement. A.W. 1. 168; Stourhead Cat. 101; Soc. Ant.
Map, 385. [Condition good, 1913. M.E.C.] }
51. (100) Opened by Hoare. Burnt bones in circular cist. A.W.
1.168; Soc. Ant. Map, 389. [Condition good, 1913. M.E.C.]
[51a]. (108) Between 51 and 53, A.W. Stonehenge Map shows
another barrow not on 0.4.54 SE. A “Pond Barrow.” [Bank
ploughed down, just distinguishable, 1913. M.E.C.] {
52. (105) Opened before Hoare’s time. Soc. Ant. Map 390. [Con-
dition good, 1913. M.E.C.]
53. (107) Opened by Hoare. Heap of ashes ina cist,above this a
heap of burnt bones with bonepin. A.W.1.168; Soc. Ant. Map
391. [Condition good, 1913. M.E.C.]
54. (106) Opened before Hoare’s time. Soc. Ant. Map 392. [Ploughed
nearly level, now grass, 1913. M.E.C.]
By the Rev. LE. H. Goddard. 247
55—59. (97—99) O.iM.54 SE. shows a scattered group of 5 barrows
N. of cursus and 4 mile 8.E. of Down Barn and group 40—46.
A.W. Stonehenge Map shows only 3 barrows here which cannot
be exactly identified. All opened by Hoare. All contained
burnt bones only. A.W.1. 168. [97 just distinguishable, 98,
99 much ploughed down, 1913. M.E.C.]
55. Shown but not numbered on Soc. Ant. Map.
56. Not shown on Soc. Ant. Map.
57, 58. Soc. Ant. Map 367, 368.
59. The southernmost of the group, shown but not numbered on Soc.
Ant. Map.
A small barrow in the neighbourhood of Durrington Down, the
exact position of which is not specified, opened by Hoare,
contained burnt interment with “expanded” incense cup.
Devizes Museum. Stourhead Cat. 92 fig.; A.W. 1.174, Pl. XVIII.
Three small barrows, 60—62, close together in line just outside
N. bank of Cursus 3? mile from its E. end. O.Jf.54SE. [Con-
dition fair, 1913. M.E.C.]
60. (117) Opened by Hoare. Contained small rude urn and burnt
bones. A.W. 1.169; Soc. Ant. Map 393.
61. (118) Called by Hoare “a small long barrow,” really an oval
barrow. Contained burnt bones and ashes in circular cist. A.W.
IL. 169; Soc. Ant. Map 394.” :
62. (119) Opened by Hoare. Burnt bones in small cist. A.W. I.
169; Soc. Ant. Map 395.
(62a.| (116) Barrow just W. of 6O in same line close to Cursus.
Opened before Hoare’s time, no record. A.W. I. 169; not on
O.M. 54 SE.
[62b,] (120) Barrow in same line just EK. of 62. A “ Pond barrow.”
A.W. 1. 169; not on 0.17.54SE. [No trace, 1913. M.E.C.]
[62c.] (121) Barrow in same line just E. of last. Opened by Hoare.
Rude cin. urn inverted over burnt bones. A.W. I. 169; not on
O.M. 54SE. [No trace, 1913. M.E.C.]
63--65. (124) A Long barrow on Amesbury boundary just W. of
Rd. near river, } mile S. of Durrington Walls. O.0/. 54 SE.
shows 3 barrows close together in line, that to the W., 63, the
largest. Hoare describes this as apparently 3 barrows rising
from one base. He thought it originally a long barrow, with 2
circular barrows raised on the top of it. Opened by Hoare, the
E. barrow 65 contained only ashes, the central barrow 64 a
skeleton and drinking cup near the surface. On the floor of the
long barrow a circular cist like a well without interment, from
which a tunnel like a chimney ascended nearly to the top.
A.W. 1. 170; Soc. Ant. Map 401—403. [Itis not as shown by
248 Last of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
O.M. 3 separate barrows, but one considerable Long barrow of
very irregular outline. Still under the plough, 1913. M.E.C.]
See Appendix, Long Barrows.
[65a]. (122) OnS. side of Durrington Walls, just E. of Rd. a large
mound opened by Hoare to depth of 11ft. but no signs of inter-
ment found. A.W. 1.170: noton O.Jf. 54SE. [No trace, 1913.
M.E.C.]
[65b]. (123) Just S. of the last but on W. side of Rd. a very large
disc barrow, mutilated in Hoare’s time. A.W.I.170; not on
O.M. 54 SE. [Still under plough, but the bank distinctly trace-
able, 1913. M.E.C.]
Earthworks. Durrington Walls, a circular embankment partly natural,
partly artificial, with vallum on the high ground all round but not
on the river side, + mile S. of Durrington close to the Avon, inter-
sected by the Amesbury Rd. The site of a British village says
Hoare, much pottery found in it. Much ploughed down even in
Hoare’s day. O.Uf. 54 SE.; A.W. I. 169, Stonehenge Map. [The
bank can only be traced now when ground is in favourable condition,
M.E.C.]
Finds, Neolithic (?). “Above Durrington Walls” an interment of a
skeleton under a large sarsen stone, without a barrow, with fine flint
dagger, small whetstone, and lignite conical button and pully ring.
Devizes Museum. A.W. I. 172, Pl. XIX.; Evans’ Stone, 242, 278,
315, 409 ; Stourhead Cat. 85a—85b.
Finds, Bronze Age. Socketed looped celt 1891. Blackmore Museum.
WAM. xxxvii. 136.
Near the Winterbourne Stoke boundary in arable field, 30 graves with
skeletons lying N. and S. found 1864, no details. ?% of what age.
W.AM. xxxi. 331.
Saxon. Skull from Pond Barrow on Durrington Down. Cambridge
Museum 120.
EASTERTON.
Barrows.
1. Barrow on Warren Down. O.M. 46 NE.; not shown ?in A.W. I.
Station III. ; Soc. Ant. Map 66.
The Ridgeway coming from Gore’s Cross to near Broadbury, cuts across
Kasterton following the escarpment. O.J/. 40 SE.
Finds, Roman. Bronze bow brooch. Devizes Museum, Cat. II. 309.
Brnoze bow brooch of Late Celtic type but found with pot of coins
Vespasian to Constantine II. Devizes Museum Cat. II. 320, 321 ;
Reliquary xiv. 99 fig.; W.A.M. x. 178—180; xxxv. 403 jig.
EASTON GREY.
Earthworks. In White Walls Wood a small square camp 4 mile E. of
Church, regarded by Hoare as connected with Roman station to the
S31 TOMS Se oe
By the Rev. E.. H. Goddard. 249
Roman, The Fosseway forms E. boundary of parish. OU. 8 SW.
In 4 fields on each side of the Avon stream partly in Easton Grey, 4 mile
§.E. of Ch., partly in Foxley, a large Roman settlement identified by
Hoare as Mutuantonis, “ White Walls.” Many coins, foundations,
and tessellated pavement found here. Relief of 4 figures under
portico inscribed CIVILIS FECIT, and head of female statue, found 1810
near the site, preserved at Easton Grey House. O.U.8SW.; A.W.
II. 100, 101, fig. & plan; Jackson’s Aubrey p. 85 ; Britton’s Beauties
of Wilts IIT. 134; Arch. Journ. xxxvil. 145 ;W.A.M. viii. 16 ;xxxi. 127.
EASTON ROYAL.
Barrows.
1. Godsbury Barrow. O.M/. 42 NW.; A.W. I. Station VI.
[1a] A disc barrow on Kaston Hill 1 mileS. of Easton village, planted
with trees. ?The circular enclosure in Easton Clump on O.J/.
42 NW., not otherwise shown. A.W. I. 190, Station VI.
[1b, c]. A.W. 1. Station VI. also shows two small barrows in valley
S. of the last, between it and Godsbury, not on O.//., and one
barrow to W. of Godsbury, between it and the 6 barrows near
Milton Hill Farm, which’is probably Milton Lilborne 8.
Earthworks. Hoare notes faint traces of a circular entrenchment round
Godsbury Hill. A.W. I. 189.
Hoare says a vallum and ditch surround the British village on Easton
Hill, and a ditch leads to it. A.W. I. 190, Station VI.. Remains of
these shown on O.M. 42 NW.
Roman. “British village” with earthworks (see above) just S. and E. of
Easton Clump about 1 mile 8. of Easton village. O.1f. 42 NW. ;
A.W. 1. 190, Station VI.
Saxon. Easton Hill. Interment in coffin with iron nails, iron knife, and
double bone comb. Devizes Museum Cat. I].S 2—S2b. [2 Saxon
or Roman. ]
EBBESBOURNE WAKE AND FIFIELD BAVANT.
Barrows.
1. Barrow just S. of trackway N. of Church Bottom, W. of Fifield
Down. O.M.'75 NW.; not in A.W.
2. Another # mile S.E. of the last. O.Jf. 70 NW.; notin A.W.
3. Barrow S. of East Combe Wood and just N. of the Ox Drove.
O0.M.75 NW.; A.W. I. Stations VIII. IX.
4, 5. Two barrows close together just S. of the Ox Drove, 4 mile E.
of Bigley Buildings, 4 mile W. of No. 2, near Alvediston boun-
dary. O.U. 74 NE.; A.W. I. Stations VIII. IX.
[Barrow Hill, 4 mile 8. of Church, testifies to former existence of
a barrow here.]
VOL. XXXVIIIL—NO. CXX. S
H
250 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
Earthworks. A small oblong enclosure in Church Bottom, S.E. of
Prescombe Down, area Zacre. Original entrance to S. W. bank partly
destroyed, otherwise very perfect. Ancient Earthworks of Cran-
borne Chase p. 45, plan 26. O.U. 60 NW.
Half of a similar enclosure on Fifield Down, 4 mile 8. of Fifield Ashes,
O.M. 70 NW.; Ancient Earthworks of Cranborne Chase p. 45, plan 27.
A ditch and double bank of about equal size runs from S. edge of
East Combe Wood for about 3 mile NE. to SW. to about 50 yds.
beyond Chase Barn, across the Ox Drove. S.of the Ox Drove
partially effaced in a pasture. O.M. 75 NW.; Karthworks of
Cranborne Chase p. 65, plan 39.
EDINGTON.
Barrows.
1. Barrow just N. of track to Imber forming Heytesbury boundary
and E. of Lady Well. Opened by Hoare but no interment found.
[For barrow on opposite side of track see Heytesbury.] A.W. I.
88 Station IIL; OW. 45 SE.
2. W. of this, nearer Lady Well, 1 mile S.E. of South Down Farm, a
large barrow called “Row Barrow,” opened by W. Cunnington
1801. Ata depth of 4ft., and 2ft. or 3ft. above the floor, a heap
of burnt bones with “spear, lance, and arrowhead of brass”
(? bronze knife daggers). A.W. I. 67, Station II.; 0.07. 45 SE.
3. Another harrow just 8. of Lady Well. O.Jf. 45 SE.; not in A.W.
4. AnotherS.W. of Lady Well on South Down Sleight. A.W. I. Station
Il.; O.W. 45 SW.
5. On Tenantry Down 2 mile N.E. of South Down Farm a barrow |
which had been opened before Cunnington’s time. A.W. I. 67, 7
Station II.; O.J7. 45 NE.
6. Barrow on Baynton Down near Coulston boundary, S. of Barn
Bottom. A.W. I. Station III.; O.W. 45 NE.
7. Tinhead Long Barrow, W. of Tottenham Wood, 1 mile 8.E. of
Tinhead. Opened by Thurnam, it had been rifled before, but
skeletons werefound. A.W.I. 88 ; Arch. xlii. 180; OAL 45 NE.
See Appendix, Long Barrows.
8—10. Three barrows in Luccombe Bottom 4 mile S. of Edington.
O.M. 45 NW.; A.W. I. Station II. shows only 1 barrow here.
11. One barrow on Picquet Hill just N. of the last. OJ, 45 NW.
ENFORD.
Barrows.
1. Large barrow just S.W. of Compton Farm. [One of largest
round barrows in Wilts on ploughed ground but not ploughed
itself. Has been dug into at top and on side though shown as
unopened by Hoare. About 180ft. diam. and 15ft. high. M.E.C.]
O.M. 47 NE.; A.W. I. Station V. North; Soc. Ant. Map 72.
By the Rev. H. H, Goddard. 251
*2. Barrow just outside rampart of Lidbury Camp on Littlecott Down,
on N.E. side. OU. 47 NE.; A.W. I. 192, Station VI. ; Soc.
Ant. Map 31.
3. Longstreet Down 1 mile 8. of Chisenbury Warren, barrow N. of
track. O.M. 48 NW.; Soc. Ant. Map 34.
4. Barrow just on S. edge of track + mile E. of the last. O.U, 48
NW.; A.W. I. Station VI. shows 3 barrows here, apparently 3
and 4, and another further K.; Soc. Ant. Map 35.
5, 6. To S8.W. of these last, W. of Dreweat’s Clump, twin-barrows
enclosed in one ditch. Opened by Hoare 1806 & 1811. Burnt
bones and bone pin in one, an immense quantity of wood ashes,
flint flakes, and animals’ bonesin the other. O.J/.47 NE. ; A.W.
I. 193, figured as “No. 7” p. 22; Soc. Ant. Map 32, 33.
7. On Enford Down 4 mile N.W. of Clark’s Penning, just S. of cross
tracks, barrow shown in A.W.1 Station V. North, probably a
mound not marked “Tumulus” on 0.Jf. 47 SW.
[7a] Hoare A.W. I. Station V. North shows barrow just N. of last
between track and ditch, close to S. side of ditch. Noton 0.1.
[7b.] Another barrow between track and ditch to W. of the last shown
on A.W. I. Station V. North; perhaps a “mound” close to
corner of Upavon, on 0.1. 47 NW.
[7e.] Hoare shows barrow actually in the track W. of Haxton and just
S. of Fifield Folly. A.W. I. Station V. North. Not on 0.1.
47 SE.
Earthworks. Ditch running from Ell Barrow W. to E. crosses Charlton,
Rushall, and Upavon and runsamileinto Enford. O.Jf. 47 NW.
& SW.; A.W. I. 175, Station V. North; Soc. Ant. Map 70.
Coombe Hill 24 miles E. of Enford, N. of Beeches Barn, British village
and double ditch pointing N. towards British village near Lidbury.
A.W. I. 193, Station VI.; not in O.Jf. 48 NW. [These remains
still very extensive and perfect, 1913. M.E.C.]
Littlecott Down 2 miles E. of East Chisenbury. Lidbury Camp, small
but perfect square earthwork, entrance to S., circuit 330 yds. Bank
and ditch run S. from it into valley, on S.E. side of which is a
British settlement with many banks, ditches and lynchets. O.Jf. 47
NE.; 4.W. I. 192, Station VI.; Soc. Ant. Map 30.
Chisenbury Camp or “'Trendle” (Hoare) on down about 2 miles N.H.
of Enford village, near Upavon boundary, remains of circular
earthwork. Area 5 acres, circuit 594 yds. Vestiges of outworks
on S. side where Hoare supposed entrance to have been. Hoare
thinks this one of the circular earthworks which were not defensive.
OM. 47 NE. ; A.W. I. 192, Station VI.; Soc. Ant. Map 11.
Hoare notes on the same ridge, a short distance W. of Chisenbury Camp,
the remains of another earthwork forming the segment of a circle,
with a bolder rampart. A.W.1.192;notin O.W. [Notrace of this
to be found, 1913. M.E.C.]
s 2
252 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
At East Chisenbury in grounds of the Grove Mansion “ a bold embank-
ment carried across the valley with double ramparts” the space
between them 9 paces. These earthworks, called “‘ Gladiators
Walk” in O.Jf, are to Hoare “unaccountable.” OJ. 47 NE.; —
A.W. 1.198; Soc. Ant. Map, 29.
At the Twin Barrows, 2 miles E. of Enford village, a bank and ditch
going W. towards the Avon. Another running to barrows (8 & 4). —
A.W. I. 193, Station VI.; not in O.W. 47 NE. or 48 NW.
Roman. British village at Coombe Hill see under Earthworks above.
S. of Lidbury Camp extensive British village, many banks, enclosures,
&e. A.W. I. 192, Station VI. ; not in O.1/.
ERLESTOKE.
Barrows. A small barrow, diam. 50ft:, height 5ft. 6in., just inside Hull
Wood at top of hill near roadway, Pear Tree Lane. Opened B. H.
Cunnington 1902. Burnt bones in shallow cist only, Not in A.W.
or O.M, 45 NH.; W.A.M. xxxii. 224; xxxiii. 297.
Roman. Stone coffin (destroyed) and many coins found at “‘ The Sands,”
and in 18th century many coins found on “The Sharp.” WAI.
XXxill. 298.
EVERLEY.
Barrows.
[Group of 4 barrows close together (1 to 4) 1 mile N. of Lower or W.
‘Everley just S. of track Marlborough to W. Everley, close to Pewsey
boundary. “Hverley Barrows.” O.1.42SW.; A.W.1.Station VL. ;
W.A.M. ii. 39; vi. 332; xxxvil. 123; Arch. xliil. 455 fig. ; not num-
bered on Soc. Ant. Map.]
1. Fine bell barrow 138ft. high opened by Thurnam [No. 26]. In centre ¥)
in slight cist in chalk a large deposit of burnt bones, nothing else.
In upper part of barrow a skeleton at full length. %Saxon.
2. Fine bell barrow on W. side of last,114ft. high, opened by Thurnam
[No. 27]. Burnt bones and small bronze knife dagger 3in. long,
now in Brit. Museum, and close by a pile of wood ashes.
3. A disc barrow on S. side of the bell barrows, opened by Thurnam,
nothing found.
4. Small mound on N. side between the bell barrows, opened by
Thurnam, nothing found. ‘“ Probably not sepulchral.”
5, 6. [Ga] Two barrows just 8. of road from Devizes, 3 mile W. of
Lower or W. Everley. O.Jf. 42 S.W.; Soc. Ant. Map 15, 16,
Thurnam opened 3 low barrows in ploughed field, 1858, and A.W.
I. Station VI. shows 3. Nothing was found in the2 smaller, but
in the central one[No 25] 8ft. 6in. high, burnt bones and charcoal.
W.AM. vi. 382.
By the Rev. H. H. Goddard. 253
[6b.] [Hoare in Plan of “Chidbury Camp” A. W. I. 180 shows a barrow
apparently in the 8. point of Everley, just N. of Snail Down
Square, not shown on O.J/. 48 NW. or on A.W. I. Station VI.]
7. Old Hat barrow at point of junction of Everley (Cow Down), Milton
Lilborne, and Collingbourne Kingston. OI, 42 SW.
8. 1 mile S. of this exactly on boundary of Collingbourne Kingston,
a barrow in a small circular clump just 8S. of Marlborough Road.
OM. 42 SW.; A.W.1. Station VI.; Soc. Ant. Map. 17.
[For other barrows near Everley see Collingbourne Ducis, Colling-
bourne Kingston, and Pewsey. |
Earthworks. Somewhere S.W. of Lower Everley? near trackway from
Coombe an imperfect circular earthwork, says Hoare. No signs of
habitation found by digging. A.W. I. 193, Station VI. ; not on OW.
Saxon. Secondary interment in barrow 1 above.
FARLEY, see PITTON.,
FIGHELDEAN.
Barrows.
1. Gallows Barrow at Cliffe End, EH. of the river. Opened by Capt.
W. Hawley (No. 12). Had been opened before, no cist found.
Flint arrowhead. British Museum. O.J/. 47 SE. ; notin A.W. ;
W.A.M. xxxvi. 624; Soc. Ant. Map 142.
2, 3. Group of 3 barrows close to river opposite Netheravon [one is
in Fittleton (1)]. O.U. 47 SE.; A.W. 1. Station VI. shows only
one; Soc Ant. Map. 113.
4. Barrow in Bournebottom Clump on Figheldean Down. O.J/. 48
SW.; Soc. Ant. Map 115.
5, Another just to S.W. of the last on W. side of track. O.J7.48 SW.;
Soc. Ant. Map 114.
6. Barrow on Ablington Down, 8.W. of Ablington Furze, EK. of New
Barn. O.M. 48 SW. ; not shown on A.W.%; Soc. Ant. Map 144.
7—13. On Ablington-Down at S. end of Bournebottom a group of 7
barrows near together (7—16), of which 8—11 are in O.W/. 48
SW., and 12 and 13 in O.4/. 55 NW.; A.W. I. Station VI. ;
Soc. Ant. Map 146, 150, 147, 148, 149, 151, 152.
12. The westernmost of the two barrows on the §. side of the group
just N. of the Drove Way, opened by Capt. W. Hawley (No. 10).
Bowl-shaped cist in chalk, burnt bones with small bronze dagger
with midrib and three rivets 44in. long, and 8 cylindrical notched
glass beads, 4 fusiform beads of lignite, and stud (like collar stud)
of lignite. Brit. Museum. Proc. Soc.. Ant. xxii. 124; W.A.W.
XXXVI. 622, figs, plan.
254 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities,
14—[16d]. Group of small barrows 4 in a row (14, 15, 16, 16a),
of which the three first only are shown on O.J/. 55 NW., with
3 smaller mounds close together just on N. side of them (16a,
16b, 16c), all + mile S. W. of last group just on N. side of Drove
Way and Milston boundary, N.E. of Silk Hill Plantation. W.A.J/.
xxxvi. 616 plan: Soc. Ant. Map 156, 155, 154, 158.
15. Small barrow opened by Capt. W. Hawley (No. 9), burnt bones
in bowl-shaped cist, nothing else. W.A.MU. xxxvi. 622; Soc.
Ant. Map 155.
16. Small barrow opened by Capt. W. Hawley (No. 8). Burnt bones
in bowl-shaped cist in loose chalk of the barrow. 2ft. below this
a cist 4ft. deep, 8ft. long x 3ft. 9in. wide, with skeleton buried
at fulllength. Small pot at the feet and under the skull a broad-
bladed bronze knife dagger with three large rivets, 42in. long.
Brit. Museum. W.A.M. xxxvi. 621, jfig.; xxxvii. 118; Soc.
Ant. Map 154.
[16a—16c.] Three small mounds on N. side of the row of 4 barrows,
opened by Capt. W. Hawley. All contained burnt bones ; in one
an urn “ina ruinous state.” W.A.M. xxxvi. 622; not in O.J/.
17—20. Group of 3 barrows close together just W. of track Marl-
borough to Salisbury, at 12 miles from Salisbury, and one (20)
in the track itself, W. of Brigmerston Plantation. O.M. 48
SW.; A.W. I. Station VI. shows 3 only; Soc. Ant. Map.
176—179.
21, 22. Two barrows just E. of track 1 mile N. of the last group, at
13th mile from Salisbury, near Fittleton boundary. OJ. 48
SW.; A.W.I. Station VI.; Soc. Ant. Map 116, 117.
23, 24. Two barrows just N. of Dunch Hill Plantation, EK. of Marl-
borough—Salisbury Rd., 125 miles from Salisbury. O.Jf, 48
SW.; A.W. 1. Station VI. shows only one; Soc. Ant. Map 119,
120.
25. Barrow in Barrow Clump 3 mile E. of Ablington Farm, 2 mile
N.E. of Syrencot House, opened by Capt. W. Hawley. Had been
previously partly destroyed. (? was this the barrow opened by
Mr. Dyke Poore 1849.) Three crouched skeletons almost touching
each other, with skeleton of infant with uncut teeth just over
two of them. Below these a rectangular cist 7ft. 3in. x 4ft 3in.
x 5ft. deep, containing skeleton with pot at the feet and flint
knife under the head (knife and pot at Stockton House). O14
54 NE.; notin A.W.; W.A.M. xxxvi, 623; Soc. Ant. Map 143.
If this was the barrow opened in 1849 a strong bronze dagger
with rather flat blade, small knife dagger, 3 boars’ tusks, 2 roe-
bucks’ horns, with cists and burnt bones were found in it. -
Blackmore Museum. Arch. xliii. 537; Arch. Journ. x. 248;
W.A.M., iv. 249 ; xxxvii. 119; Evans’ Bronze 242.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
By the Rev. E. H. Goddard. — 255
Barrow + mile 8. of Alton Parva Farm, much ploughed down.
Opened by Capt. W. Hawley (No. 16). Cist in centre 7ft. 6in.
X 2ft. 6in. x 4ft. 6in. deep, slightly crouched skeleton, 2 flint
barbed arrowheads, small bronze knife dagger, grape cup, and
urn. Brit. Museum. O./. 54 NE.; A.W. I. Station V. North
shows another barrow to N. of this, not on O.U.; W.A.M. xxxvi.
625 figs. ; Soc. Ant. Map 237.
Long barrow on Knighton Down 2 mile W. of Knighton Barn.
Stukeley Stonehenge p. 46 says a bronze celt 13in. long was found
in this barrow. O.J/. 54 NE.; A.W. 1.175; Soc. Ant. Map 234.
See Appendix Long Barrows.
Barrow 4 mile N. of Knighton Long Barrow, S. of Alton Barn,
N. of Alton Furze. O.M. 54 NE.; A.W. I. Station V. North
shows 4 barrows near the Furze and Gorse ; Soc. Ant. Map 235.
Barrow 4 mile 8.E. of last, } mile E. of Alton Furze, 4 mile N.E.
of Knighton Long Barrow. 0.7.54 NE.; A.W. I. Station V.
North; Soc. Ant. Map 236. [28 and 29 are low barrows not
ploughed, 1913. M.E.C.]
Barrow just S. of Robin Hood Ball and Netheravon boundary.
O.M.54N.W.; A.W. I. Station V.; Soc. Ant. Map 230.
[For barrow on Netheravon boundary in Robin Hood Ball plan-
tation see Netheravon 8.]
Long barrow just 8. of the last, mile S. of Robin Hood’s Ball,
4 mile H. of circular earthwork, opened by Thurnam. O.J/. 54
NW.; A.W. I. 176; Arch. xlii. 180, 197 fig. ; Soc Ant. Map 231.
See Appendix Long Barrows.
Barrow on Netheravon boundary N.E. of Alton Gorse. O.J/. 54
NW.; Soc. Ant. Map 232. [Oval barrow ditched all round,
partly dug away at W. end, 1913. M.E.C.]
Site of barrow just S. of the last. O.1/.54 NW.; Soc. Ant. Map.
233. [Barrow completely levelled but site still quite plain, 1913.
M.E.C.]
[Hoare opened “several barrows” N.W. of Knighton Long Barrow.
In one was a whetstone with burnt bones, in another a small
bronze tanged knife. A.W.1.176; Arch. xliti. 450, Pl. XXXII.
5; Stourhead Cat. 29, 29a.]
arthworks. Double concentric circle 3 mile E. of Bustard, partly in
Figheldean but chiefly in Shrewton, g.v. O.1f. 54 NW.
About 2 mile S. of Robin Hood Ball (?in Figheldean or Durrington)
square enclosure with bank and ditch going S. on the E. side and
intersecting a disc barrow. Notin O./f.; A.W. I. 176, Station
V. North.
Ditch runs S.W. from near Sidbury Hill to Dunch Hill Plantation
where it enters Figheldean, goes on S.W. to Brigmerston Plantation,
where it turns at right angles S.K. on to Brigmerston Down. O.W.
48 SW. & 55 NW.
256 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
A ditch at right angles to the last runs S.E. from Dunch Hill Planta-
tion forming parish and county boundary of Figheldean and Milston.
0.1. 48 SW.
Roman. Small British village says Hoare at the square earthwork,
-mile 8. of Robin Hood Ball, see above. A.W. I. 176 Station V.
North. Not in 0.27.
Apparently on Figheldean Down 2% miles E. of Netheravon village, E-
of Holmes Clump? A British village. A.W. IJ. 194 Station VI.
Not in 0.1.
Saxon. Interment found 1913 in excavating for cellar of officers’ mess
at the new aviation barracks at Choulston opposite Netheravon.
Skeleton at full length in grave 2ft. deep, head to W. Iron spear-
head, bronze pin, iron strips and rivets of coffin or shield? Devizes
Museum. 4 or 5 other similar interments found here later in 1913.
No relics with them B. H. Cunnington.
FISHERTON DELAMERE.
Roman. The line of the so-called Roman Road, a bank, forms 8. boun-
dary for about 1 mile. O.Jf 58 SE. ; 59 SW.
FISHERTON ANGER see SALISBURY.
FITTLETON.
Barrows.
1. At the watercress beds S. of Haxton, close to the river, a group of ~
3 barrows, of which 1 is in Fittleton and 2in Figheldean. O.J/.
47 SE. ; A.W. I. Station VI. shows one only ; Soc. Ant. Map 118.
2, 3. A barrrow, and site of another close together, just E. of track,
4 mile W. of ‘“ Haxton O,” + mile S. of Beach’s Barn. O.M/. 48 ©
SW.; A.W. I. Station VI. ; Soc. Ant. Map 74, 75.
4. Barrow + mile S.W. of last. O.M. 48 $.W.; A.W. I. Siatien Vine
Soc. Ane Map 73.
On Haxton Down and Weather Hill about 1 mile N.W. of Sidbury
Camp and £ mile to 1 mile E.of Beach’s Barn, 0.1/.48 NW.
and SW. marks 10 round barrows and one Long barrow. A. WV.
I. Station VI. shows 9 round barrows and two Long barrows. —
[5—14 are on O. M. 48 NW. ; 15 is on O.U/ 48 SW.]
5. Long barrow lying N. and S. about ¢ mile N.E. of Beach’s Barn
opened by W. Cunnington 1851, and by Thurman. O.M/. 48
NW.; A.W. 1. Station VI. ; Arch. xlii. 180 ; W.A.ML. xxviii. 172;
Soc. Ant. Map. 80. See Appendix, Long Barrows.
[5a.] A.W. 1. Station VI. shows a second Long barrow a little way
N. of (5). Not in 0.1f 48 N.W. Does not now exist.
By the Rev. H. H. Goddard, © 257
6 Barrow mile S. of Long barrow (5), nearly 1 mile E. of Beach’s
Barn. O.M. 48 NW.; Soc. Ant. Map. 82.
[6a.] Small barrow close on 8.W. side of (6). Notin 0... 48 NW.
(1901), but shown in Soc. Ant. Map. (O-U/. 1st Ed.) 81.
7. Barrow just S. of (6). 0.2. 48 NW. ; Soc. Ant. Map. 84.
8. Small barrow close on W. side of (7). O.1. 48 NW. Soc. Ant.
Map. 83.
9. Barrow short distance S.W. of (8). O.U. 48 N.W.; Soc. Ané.
Map. 76.
10. Small barrow just S.W. of (9) $ mile E. of Beach’s Barn. O.M.
48 NW.; Soc. Ant. Map. 77.
11. Small barrow just S.E. of (10). O.M. 48 NW.; Soc. Ant.
Map. 79.
[Lla.] Small barrow almost touching N. side of (11) between (10)
and (11). Not on 0.Jf, 48 NW. (1901), but shown on Soc. Ant.
Map. (O.M. \st Ed.) 78.
12. Disc barrow on Weather Hill touching W. side of track Marl-
borough to Salisbury at 18 miles from Marlborough, a little
distance S. of ditch, 4 mile E. of (6) and (7). 0.2. 48 NW. ;
Soc. Ant. Map. 85.
13. Barrow a little distance E. of (12) on N. side of track from E.
to W. O.M@.48 NW.; Soc. Ant. Map 87.
14. Barrow about + mile N. of (13) on S. side of ditch on Weather
Hill. O.Uf. 48 NW.; Soc. Ant. Map. 86.
15. Disc barrow 4 mile S.E. of (12), E. of track Marlborough to
Salisbury, N. of track E. to W. O.U. 48 SW.; Soc. Ant.
Map. 88.
The following barrows apparently belong to this group (6—15)
but cannot be assigned exactly to their proper numbers.
Large round barrow under cultivation on Haxton Down, opened
by W. Cunnington 1894, Quantity of wood ashes on floor, flint
scrapers and flakes scattered through mound. No interment
found, but evidence of one by cremation. W.A.M. xxviii. 172.
Another round barrow under cultivation ? mile E. of Coombe,
opened by W. Cunnington 1894. Had been opened before.
Parts of skeleton and fragment of urn. W.A.Jf. xxviii. 172.
Low flat barrow 4 mile E. of Beach’s Barn, opened by Capt. W.
Hawley. Skeleton at full length with two bronze coins of
Constantine Junr., a Romano-British interment which had
disturbed the original ; bones and Bronze Age pottery being
scattered through the mound. W.A.Jf. xxxvi. 626.
Earthworks. A straight double ditch and bank or causeway runs N.W.
from Sidbury Camp following parish boundary of Fittleton and the
two Collingbournesforamile. 0.4.48 NW. OnE. side of this, two
parallel ditches running E. and W. enclosing between them the Snail
Down group of barrows in the two Collingbournes, the northern
ditch ending at the straight “causeway,” the southern crossing it
258 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
and continuing on W. 3 mile into Fittleton to Weather Hill. A.W.
I. 180 Plan and Station VI. however show only the northern of
these two ditches on the East of the boundary but both of them on
the W. side running into Fittleton joining S. of Long barrow(8) and
running on towards Beach’s Barn.
Near Beach’s Barn bank and ditch in the cultivated ground along side
of hill. Remains of imperfect earthwork, and another square work
perfect, with entrance to N., near which the bank and ditch alter
their course. This apparently is (as shown on Station VI.) the
continuation of the ditch mentioned above. A.W. I. 1938, 194 ;
Station VI. Not in O.U.
Roman. In field 200 yards S. of Beach’s Barn, adjoining old Salisbury—
Devizes Rd., angular banks, &c., extending over several acres. W.
Cunnington, 1894, dug and found abundant evidence of Romano-
British occupation. Pottery including Samian, stone roofing tiles,
brick tiles, nails, oyster and mussel shells, animal bones, &c.; at one
point pavement of oolitic tiles. W.A.M/, xxviii. 172.
FONTHILL BISHOP.
Barrows.
1. Barrow in High Park Wood, 14 miles N. of Church, between High
Park Cottage and The Ranch. 0.4.58 SE.; A.W. I. Station
LY. [Low round barrow much spread by rabbits and planting,
1913. M.E.C.]
2. Barrow on Fonthill Down 3 mile S.W. of last. O.Jf 58 SE. ;
A.W. I. Station IV.
3. Barrow in Fonthill Bushes 3 mile E. of last, just N. of Rd., S. W. of
Woodbine Cottages. O.Jf. 58 SE.; A.W. I. Station IV. (!)
Finds, Neolithic. Long flint strike-a-light. C. V. Goddard.
Roman. Fonthill Down or High Park Hill 1 mile N. of Church, exten-
sive British Village with banks and enclosures covering large space.
Pottery found. O.1/.58 SE., 64 NE.; A.W. I. 105 Station IV.
“ Roman Road,” so-called, forms N. boundary of parish for 14 milesin
High Park and Fonthill Bushes Woods. O.J/. 58 SE.
FOSBURY, see TIDCOMBE AND FOSBURY.
FOVANT.
Earthworks. Chiselbury Camp in S.E. corner of parish 14 miles S.W.
of Compton Chamberlaine village, on the ridge. Roughly circular,
single vallum and ditch, with entrance and outwork towards 8.E.
Area 10% acres, circuit 8 furlongs 154 yds. Height of vallum 11ft.
No signs of habitation found inside camp (Hoare). Area of camp
under plough, bastion on 8.E. partly ploughed down (1913). A ditch
By the Rev. HE. H, Goddard. 259
between 2 banks leaves N. side of camp and runs to edge of escarp-
ment. A ditch only, leaves bastion on 8.E. and runs to Shaftesbury
—Salisbury Rd. on S. side of which it re-appears as ditch between
2 banks and runs to head of the combe. O.J/. 65 SW., 70 NW.;
A.W. I. 217 Plan, 249, Stations VIII. and 1X.; Ancient Earthworks
of Cranford Chase, p. 25, Plan 9.
Finds, Neolithic. Polished celt of basalt (or other blue igneous stone)
1912, many good arrowheads, barbed and leaf-shaped, scrapers,
knives, &c. All the above in possession of Rev. G. H. Engleheart,
of Dinton, 1913.
FOXLEY.
Roman. Fosseway forms N.W. boundary of parish. O.U. 8 SW.; 13
NW.
FROXFIELD.
oe Rudge Farm, Villa and Pavement 17ft. + 15ft. with figure on
it, found 1725, Tecnined and enamelled bronze cup now at Alnwick
Castle, a votive cup recording the road traversed by the donor,
found in well with several skeletons, animal bones, and coins. A.W.
II. 121 jfig.; W.A.M. i. 118 fig.; xxv. 204; xxxii. 263; Proc. Soc.,
Ant. xv. 87; Trans. Cumb. and West Ant. Soc. 1901 p. 70.
FYFIELD.
Barrows.
1. Fyfield Down, 8.E. of Wroughton Copse, and 8. of British settle-
ment. Opened, norecord. 0.1.28 NEF; Smith, p. 208, XV.
K. V. b. [Another “ Fyfield Down” in Milton Lilborne, g. v.].
[la.] In N. corner of parish, at Old Totterdown, just S. of track and
parish boundary, a small flat barrow, not opened. Not in O.2/. 28
NE.; Smzth p. 135, X. I. IV. d.
Earthworks. Wansdyke crosses parish in West Woods, a sharp corner at
Daffy Copse where it forms boundary of parish. O.J/. 35 NE.
Roman. Extensive British settlement on Fyfield Down N. & W. of
Wroughton Copse and 8. of Totterdown Wood. O.d/. 28 NE.
A rude Roman pavement found on property of Mr. Tanner close to
turnpike at Fyfield. A.W. Roman dra p. 88; Smith p. 170.
Coins found on Overton Hill. Stukeley Abury p. 27 ; J. W. Brooke,
1891, W.A.M/. xxvi. 413, 414.
GRAFTON, EAST.
Barrows.
1. Barrow about 1 mile 8.E. of Church. O.1/. 42 NE.
2. Barrow just N.W. of Manor House at Marten. O.1/. 43 NW. ; not
in A.W. II. Station X.
260 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
3. Disc barrow close to boundary of Shalborne and edge of G. Botley
Copse. Small mound surrounded by filled-in ditch, another
ditch with bank outside it. In the mound a skeleton with
Saxon spearhead and bronze buckle at top, under this parts of
another skeleton, and below this in cist in chalk burnt bones
with small bronze awl, a bronze rivet near it. Opened by H. J. .
E. Peake and O. G. S. Crawford, 1910. Newbury Museum.
O.M. 43 NW. ; A.W. I. Station VI.
4. Bowl-shaped barrow beside track and close to parish boundary N.
of the last and the copse, opened H. J. E. Peake and O. G. S.
Crawford, 1910. In oval cist in chalk a large urn inverted over
burnt bones ; another broken urn, and a rough pot at E. side of
barrow. Secondary interment, a skeleton, probably Saxon.
Newbury Museum. 0.1. 43 NW.; A.W.I. Station VI. shows
another barrow W. of 3 but not this one. ~
5. Long barrow on Wexcombe Down 2 mile S. of Grafton village,
N.E. of Jubilee plantation. Not opened. See Appendix, Long
Barrows.
[Near this Long barrow a group of 7 round barrows (6é—7a) of
which 0.1. 43 NW. shows only two. O.G. 8. Crawford, 1913.
A.W. I. Station VI. shows 5 barrows apparently on Wexcombe
Down. ]
6. High barrow N. of long barrow, opened, no record. O.M. 483 NW.
[6a.] Low flat barrow close to last on N. side, unopened. Noton 0.17.
[6b, 6c.] Two small barrows close together just to N. of the last,
unopened. Not on O.J/,
7. Barrow W. of long barrow and N.W. of Jubilee Plantation. O./7.
43 NW.
[7a.] Oval mound 45ft. x 25ft. 3 mile N.E. of Long barrow just on
boundary of Tidecombe. Not on O.M/.
[Group of 4 barrows [8—11] 4 mile W. of Scots Poor Wood. O.M.
43 SW.; A.W. I. Station VI.
8. Barrow with ditch, opened, no record. 1
9. Disc barrow partially destroyed. O. G. 8S. Crawford 1913.
10, 11. Two disc barrows intersecting each other, both opened, no
record,
[11a.] Barrow 4 mile N.E. of Marten, + mile $.E. of 6th milestone
on Hungerford—Salisbury Rd. 8S. of North Hill. O. G. 8.
Crawford ; not on 0.1. 37 SW.
Earthworks. Vallum and ditch run along hillside touching ditch of disc
barrow [3]. Pre-Roman and Roman pottery, coins of Valens, and
fragment of brooch found in ditch. O. G. 8S. Crawford. O.M. 43
NW.; A.W. 1. Station VI.
Finds, Bronze Age. At Wilton in Batt’s Meadow, in an ancient ditch,
a cinerary urn containing a round-bottomed incense cup with burnt
bones, 1902. A.D. Passmore. O.1/.36SE.; W.A.M. xxxiv. 308 jigs.
By the Rev. HE, H. Goddard. (261
Roman. Roman Rd, Cunetio to Winchester, coming out of Savernake
Forest, forms boundary between Grafton and Bedwyn from Crofton
to Wilton then runs by existing road to Nag’s Head, where it is lost
for 4 mile, joins existing road again at Marten and runs into Tidcombe.
O.M. 37 SW.; 48 NW.; A.W. II. 70 plan.
Bricks and pottery found in Batt’s Meadow at Wilton. No details.
W.A.M. xxxiv. 309.
Saxon. Secondary interments in barrows, see Barrows 3 and 4, above.
GRITTLETON,
Roman. Fosseway forms parish boundary on W. O.J/. 12 SE.
In “North Field” lead coffin containing Roman coins found 1852.
Jackson’s Aubrey 128.
Oak coffin (? Roman) found czr. 1856 near Fosseway. Part of it in
Devizes Museum. Cat. II. 275; W.A.JL. xxvi. 105.
GROVELY WOOD.
Earthworks. Ditch branching out from “Roman Rd.” to S.E. runs 1
mile through wood into Wilton and over Grovely Hill. O.M. 65
NE.
Grovely Castle, see Langford, Little.
Grovely Works, see Wishford.
Finds, Neolithic. Several ground flint celts, whole and broken, a
roughly-chipped flint celt, flint scrapers, flakes, cores, &c., a quartzite
pebble hammer partly perforated, and a polished celt of limestone ?
Rev. C. V. Goddard coll. A fine ground flint celt. Blackmore
Museum.
Roman. The track of the “ Roman Rd.” running out of Baverstock parish
straight to Grovely Lodge, lost there for a space, is continued in
more or less direct line along middle of Grovely Wood till it enters
Wishford. 0.1.65 NE.; A.W. Il. Roman ra 38, plan.
Roman coins, see Langford, Little.
HAM.
Barrows.
1, Barrow on county boundary on Inkpen Hill above Rivar Copse,
[4 others on the hill are in Berks] opened by O. G. S. Crawford
and H. J. E. Peake cz. 1908 ; 2 burnt interments, bones of sheep
or goats, flint scraper on surface. Newbury Museum. O.2/.
37 SE.
[1a.] Barrow a little 8. of Rd. going W. from Buttermere, about 3
mile W. of Church, on open down. In Ham or Buttermere ?
O. G. S. Crawford, 1913 ; not in O.M/. 37 SE.
Earthwork. Ditch running N. and S. on Ham Hill 3 mile S. of Ham
and + mile W. of Buttermere. O.J/. 37 SE.
262 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
HANNINGTON,
Roman. Hannington Wick 14 miles N. of Hannington in “ Old Ploughed
Ground” on rt. hand side of Nellands Lane, site of Roman house un-
covered by E. H. Goddard 1890. Plain red and white tessellated
floors, fragments of Samian and other pottery, painted plaster, &ec.
Devizes Museum. Caé. IJ. 473—478; O.17. 6 SW.; W.A.U. xxv.
232, 364.
HARNHAM, EAST.
Barrows.
[la]. “In the second field within the angle formed by the Odstock
and Longford Roads on rising ground looking on the Avon” a
tumulus, “Rowbarrow” 128ft. in diam. Opened by J. Y.
Akerman, Sept. 13th, 1854. No interment found, only animals’
bones and charcoal, probably opened before. Arch. xxxvi. 181.
Not in A.W. or O.J/. [1 in the corner of E. Harnham, or Brit-
ford].
Finds, Bronze Age. Bronze Palstave, 1846. Evans’ Coll. Evans
Bronze 83; W.A.M. xxxvii. 132.
Saxon. Cemetery W. of Church, N. of Harnham Hill, in the “ Low Field,”
excavated by J. Y. Akerman 1852. 62 graves found. Arch. xxxv.
259, 475; W.A.M. i. 196; O.M. 66 SE.
HARNHAM, WEST.
Finds, Neolithic. Flint celt. “Salisbury Race Plain.” Blackmore
Museum.
Roman. Line of Roman Rd. to Old Sarum forms W. boundary of parish
from Race Course to Bemerton. O.Jf. 66 SW.; A.W. II. Roman
Afra 2% plan.
HEDDINGTON.
Barrows. King’s Play Hill S.E. of village on highest point of down.
[3 barrows [1—3] shown by O.J2. 34 NW.; A.W. II. Stations XI,
XII. ; and Smrth p. 62 1V. A. VII. a, b, c.]
1. (a) Bowl-shaped barrow on extreme point of down, no ditch,
; opened, no record. O.M.34 NW.
{1a.] A very low barrow 25 yds. S.W. of (a), not on O.JL. or Smith’s
Map ; opened by B. H. Cunnington 1907. In a deep grave a
skeleton at full length on its back with iron nails round it—
Saxon probably. W.A.d. xxxvi. 313.
[1b] A low, circular mound, 175 yds. S. of (a), not on O.JL. or Smith's
Map, opened by B. H. Cunnington 1907 (No. III.) no signs of
interment found. JV.A.J/. xxxvi. 314.
2. (b) Small low bowl-shaped barrow, with ditch, not opened. OJ.
34 NW.
By the Rev. H. H. Goddard. 263
3. (c) Small Long Barrow, with shallow ditches at the sides not
continued round the ends, opened B. H. Cunnington, 1907.
O.W, 34 NW. W.A.W. xxxvi. 311. See Appendix, Long Barrows.
[S8a.] Hoare in Plan of Wansdyke and Roman Road shows a barrow
close to the “Old Bear Inn,” apparently in the corner of
Heddington at the Bear Farm near Wans. (not shown on O.J/.
xxvi. SE.); A. W. IL. 73, plan.
Roman. Roman Road and Wansdyke conjoined forms whole N. boundary
of parish. 0.17.26 SE. ; 278.W.; A.W. II. 73 plan.
Heddington Wick, Stukeley believed to be Verlucio. “In Week
field . . . fora mile together, foundations, walls, coins, coals,”
“A gallon of coins taken up at a time.” “ Infinite quantities of
antiquities found here.” Jter. vi. 143. “ Foundations of houses,
hearthes, coles, and a great deal of Romane coine silver and brasse,
whereof I had a pint.” “ EKarthen pot of the shape of a Prentice’s
money box with a slit in it, containing about a quart near full of
money ” 1653. Jackson’s Aubrey, 5, 45. Roman cinerary urn, 1863,
W.A.M. ix.27; xv. 188. Smallvase. Devizes Museum Cat. II. 233.
Roman lead coffin. Devizes Museum Cat. II. 238a. 1855. Arch. Journ.
Xil. 283; Devizes Gazette, Ap. 1855; W.A.M/. 11. 323 ; v. 128; vi. 138.
Saxon see Barrow [1a] above.
HEYTESBURY.
Barrows.
1. Bowles’ Barrow,Long barrow. Opened 1801 and 1885. 0.17.52 NE.;
A.W. I. 88, Station IIJ.; W.A.d£. xxii. 118; xxiv. 115. See
Appendix, Long Barrows.
2. Barrow 4 mile E. of Bowles’ Barrow. O.U. 52 NE.; A.W. I.
Station ITT.
3. Barrow close on Edington boundary just 8. of track to Imber,
opened by Hoare. Skeleton found. O.U. 45 SE.; A.W. I. 88,
Station IIT.
[The two neighbouring barrows are in Edington. ]
4. Heytesbury N. Field, Long barrow, 17 mile N. of village, opened
1800 and later. O.M. 52 SW.; A.W. I. 71, Station II. See
Appendix, Long Barrows.
[4a.] Heytesbury 8. Field, barrow “nearly levelled by the plough,”
contained skeleton with bronze knife dagger. A.W. I. 98; not
in 0.1.
[4b.] At upper end of Heytesbury Field near top of hill, a flat barrow
ploughed down, opened by W. Cunnington 1800. Fragments of
British pottery and 10 Roman coins. A.W. I. 87; W.A.d.
XXxiv. 272; not in O.U/.
[4c, d.] On Conegar Hill, to W. of Knook Long Barrow, two small
barrows opened by Hoare. In one wasa crouched skeleton with
a bone pin; in the other, only 5ft. in diam., a cist 2ft. deep
containing burnt bones and a long bronze pin (or awl ?). A.W.
I. 82. Not shown in Station ITI. or O.U.
264 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
[The mound attached to the earthwork in the Elder Valley adjoining -
this, proved not to be sepulchral. A.W. I. 82.]
[4e.] Near Knook boundary, 8. of Imber Firs, a low barrow opened
by Hoare. Skeleton with head to N. at depth of 5ft. Drinking
cup of red pottery at its feet. A.W. I. 86, Station III. ; not on
OM.
[4f.] Tytherington. Low barrow on N. side of British village S. of
Tytherington Hill, opened by Hoare. Crouched skeleton with
2 rude flint arrowheads near head and drinking cup at feet.
A.W. I. 104, Station IV. Not in 0.J7.58 NW.
5. Barrow 1 mile §.E. of British village on Tytherington Hill, on
Boyton boundary. [Another close to itis in Boyton.] O.J7. 58
NW.; A.W. I. Station IV.
6. Barrow near 8. end of parish, S. of Redding Hanging. O.1f 58
SW.; not in A.W.
[6a.] Barrow inside an earthwork between Heytesbury House and
Knook Barrow. A.W. I. 81; not in 0.1.
Earthworks. Old ditch runs N.W. toS.E. towards Knook Barrow. O.J/.
52 NE.; A.W. 1. Station IIT.
Between Heytesbury House and Knook Barrow Hoare notes “a slight
earthen work of an irregular shape with the vallum without” much
ploughed down, a barrow inside it (6a). A.W. I. 81; not in Station
TI. or OU.
In Elder Valley (?in Heytesbury) N.W. of Knook Castle and Old
Ditch and between that and Bowles’ Barrow, an irregular pear-shaped
vallum outside the ditch, and on one side of it a V-shaped vallum
some distance away. A long mound, proved not to be sepulchral,
touches this last. A.W. I. 82, plan p. 78, Station III. ; notin O./.
Roman. British village 8. of Tytherington Hill onSutton Veny boundary.
Pottery, iron nails, T-shaped hypocaust, &c. O.17.58 NW.; A.W.
T. 108, 104, Station IV.
Roman coins in barrow, Constantine, Valentinian, and Arcadius, see
Barrow 4b above.
HEYWOOD.
Earthworks. Rectangular Moat, medieval? + mile N.E. of Storridge
Farm. O.M. 44 NE.
Finds, Neolithic. A ground celt of diorite ? found with Roman objects
at the iron works at Westbury. Devizes Museum. Caz. II. 721.
Finds, Late Celtic. Much of the pottery in the Westbury collection at
Devizes is of Late Celtic character. Cat. II. 600—723.
Roman. The Romano-British settlement at Westbury is in the S. corner
of Heywood parish, near Ham cottages just N.E. of Westbury Station,
the Chippenham line ruus through it. OJ. 44 NE. A large
collection from the iron workings in Devizes Museum. Cat. IT. 600
—723, C19—C21b, Q13—Q30, Bronze brooches, nail cleaner, rings,
By the Rev. HK. H. Goddard. 265
patellz, jug, lead piping, iron spade sheath, butcher’s knife, keys,
bone implements, amber bead, palette, iron weights, querns, leather
shoe sole, cinerary urn, hypocaust tiles, Samian pottery with potters
names, imported Belgic wares, coins Trajan to Magnentius. Stone
foundations of large building and tessellated pavement found
between Ham and Heywood House. A.W.1.53 Station II. Well
opened 1879 by H. Cunnington. W.A.d. xxxvi. 464. List of potters’
names, W.A.J/. xxxvi. 467.
Lead coffin found at Apsley Farm, 1910. Devizes Museum. W.A.W.
xxxyvi. 508.
HIGHWAY.
Roman. Coins found 1863. No details. W A.M. ix. 27.
HIGHWORTH.
Finds, Bronze Age. Bronzesocketed chisel and palstave 1899; socketed
looped celt 1905, A.D. Passmore colln. W.A.J/. xxxiv. 310 jigs. ;
XXXvVii. 132, 136, 139.
HILL DEVERILL.
Barrows.
1. Barrow in S. point of parish W. of Pertwood Wood. O.J. 58
SW.; 4.W. I. Station IV.
Roman. Extensive British settlement just W. & S.W. of Church.
Pottery and brick flues found by Hoare in two fields immediately
behind Church. O.M. 57 NE.; A.W. I. 49 StationI.; W.A.m/.
XXXIV. 272.
Between Hill Deverill and Brixton Deverill (? in which parish) much
pottery, &c., found. A.W. 1.97.
HILMARTON.
Barrow.
1. Cleveancy, just below and N. of farm, EK. of road below the hill
“Townsends Knoll” a large barrow? No record of opening.
ODM, 21 SE.; Smith p. 76 V.D. I. d.
Finds, Bronze Age. Goatacre. Fragment of a Drinking Cup “found
6ft. below the surface.” Devizes Museum Caz. II. x89.
Roman. Coins from Hilmarton and Goatacre 1863. No details. W.A J.
ix. 27,
Corton Farm, in field just N. of rickyard, in drain cut from ironstone
quarry 1880, a dwelling pit apparently partly lined with rag stones.
Roman Brit. pottery, one fragment of Samian, d&c., bones of horse,
ox, deer. W.A.M. xxvii. 178.
VOL. XXXVIII.MNO. CXX. rT
266 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
HINTON PARVA.
Barrows. On “Shelbarrow Hill” Hoare A.W. II. 46 notes that old maps
of Wilts show several barrows here, really natural mounds.
1 [1a]. On Hinton Down N. of Ermine Street. A.W. II. Stations
XI, XII. shows 2 barrows some distance apart. O.J/. 16 SE.
shows only one, opened by Canon Greenwell. Arch. lii., 57, 58.
(No. cclxxxvii); Ixi. 125. 68ft. diam. x 84ft. high. Saxon
interment near surface. In centre a cist 3ft. 4in. long x 2ft.
wide x lft. deep with burnt bones and a bronze dagger (W.A.l.
Xxxvil. 121) which had had a wooden sheath. Much charcoal
all round the edge of the cist on original surface. The barrow
has since been almost destroyed, a large shale bead found in it.
A. D. Passmore coll.
The Ridgeway crosses the parish S.W. to N.E. O.J/. xvi. SE.; A.W.
II. 46.
HOLT.
Finds, Neolithic. Worked flints, a scraper, and many flakes occur in
oolitic gravel dug near the station. Of doubtful age, no regular
Paleolithic implements, and all flints of small size. C. V. Goddard.
1906; W. G. Collins, 1911, W.A.Jf. xxxvii. 197.
HOMINGTON.
Barrows.
1. Barrow on boundary of Combe Bissett 2 mile S.W. of Homington
village. O.U.71 NW. ; not shown in A.W. I. Station VII.
In a barrow ? at Homington was found a skeleton “about 13 or 14
inches below the surface,” with an “urn ” and a flat plain bronze ~
knife dagger with five rivets, in the British Museum. Proc. Soc.
Ant. iv.329; Hore Ferales, 158, Pl. vii. 21 ; Arch. xliii. Pl. xxxiii.;
lxi. 119, fig. 65; Evans’ Bronze 237, jig. 295; W.A.W. xxxvii.
98, 118.
[The barrows shown in A.W. I. Station VII. on Homington Down
were apparently in Odstock. ]
Earthworks. Grims Ditch touches extreme S. corner of parish. O.Jf
71 SW.
Finds, Neolithic. Ground flint wedge-shaped celt 1872. Blackmore —
Museum.
HORNINGSHAM.
Barrows.
[1.] Barrow on N. side of Maiden Bradley —Longbridge Deverill
Road, opposite track to Bidcombe Hill, opened by Hoare.
Interment of burnt bones. A.W. I. 50 Station II. Not onO.U/.
57 NW.
By the Rev. LE. H. Goddard. 267
Earthworks. Woodhouse Castle, moats and ditches, medieval? O..
51 SW.
Roman. At Baycliff Farm, near Maiden Bradley boundary on south side
of Maiden Bradley—Longbridge Deverill Road, “ evident signs of
British village” (Hoare). A.W. I. 50 Station I.
HUISH.,
Barrows.
[1a.] Barrow on edge of Huish Hill a little S.E. of rectangular earth-
work. A.W. II. Station X.; not on 0.7. 35 NE.
Earthworks. On crest of Huish Hill, 4 mile N. of Oare, extensive earth-
works, enclosures, &c., marking large British settlement, chiefly in
Wilcot parish. O.M. 35 NE.; A.W. II. 10, 11, plan.
+ mile N. of Huish village, near Gopher Wood, on crest of hill, another
British settlement with strong rampart with ditch, lost in the wood.
Another-ditch with rampart on N.W. issues from wood and is lost in
the vale. O.M. 35 NE.; A.W. II. 11, plan.
+ mile E. of above, a small rectangular enclosure on top of hill. O.J/.
35 NE.
Hoare records oblong and rectangular earthworks just N. of Church,
below the hill. Roman things found in them.~ A.W. II. 11, Station
X.; not in 0... 35 NE.
Finds, Neolithic. Fabricator. J. W. Brooke.
Roman, sce Earthworks, above.
HULLAVINGTON.
Roman. Fosseway forms N.W. boundary of parish. O.J/, 12 NE.
IDMISTON.
Barrows.
1—8. On Idmiston Down 13 mileS.E. of Church, a group of 8 barrows,
4 inside plantation (1—4), and 4 close together just E. of it (6—
8). 2 bell-shaped, 4 bowl-shaped, and 2 Druid (disc-shaped)
says Hoare. 4 of these opened by W. Cunnington 1807. In one
of the bell-shaped an interment of burnt bones only, in the other
interment was not found. A.W. I. 216 note. One bowl-shaped
opened, no interment found, the other 3 not opened. One of the
disc barrows, in plantation (1 or 8), 194ft. diam., contained 2
mounds. In one 3 urns within a few inches of each other just
under turf inverted over burnt bones in each case, and below the
urns a shallow cist with heap of burnt bones. In the other
mound burnt bones, with small plain incense cup, many amber
beads, and bronze awl. O.1.61SW.; A.W. I. 216, 217, notes;
Stourhead Cat. 258, 294 figs.
268 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
9. Barrow 4 mile §.E. of last group. O.J/, 61 SW.
[9a, b.] A.W.I. Station V. South marks 3 barrows W. of ditch, where
only 9 is shown on O.1.
10, 11. Two barrows near together 4 mile N.W. of 1—4.
[11la, c.] A.W. I. Station V. South, on Idmiston Down, where O.J/.
61 SW. marks 10 barrows (1—8 and 10, 11), shows 13.
[The 3 barrows close together to N. of the Idmiston Down group
in A.W. I. Station V. South, not shown on O.J/. 61 SW., were
probably in Boscombe parish. |
[11d, e.] Two barrows one on each side of the Roman Rd. in the
lower Ground 3 mile E. of Idmiston Church. A.W. 1. Station
V. South ; notin O.Y. 61 SW.
12—15. On Porton Down,1 mile E. of Porton Station at Porton
Down Farm just N. of track, group of 4 barrows together. O.7. |
61 SW.
{15a—d.] A.W. I. Station V. South shows 4 others at this point, not
in 0.7. 61 SW.
16—21. On Porton Down, a mile further 8.E. a scattered group of 6
barrows. O.M. 61 SW. 16, 17 are N. of the track, 18—20
just to S.W., and 21 near Winterslow Firs to the 8.E.
22. Large barrow close on Winterslow boundary about + mile E. of
20. O.M.61SE.; A.W. 1. Station V. South.
23. large barrow close on Winterslow boundary, a little distance E.
of last. O.M.61 SE.; A.W. 1. Station V. South.
[23 a, b.] A.W. I. Station V. South shows 2 small barrows just on
§.E. side of 23. Not in O.Jf. 61 SE,
24. Barrow + mile N.W. of Gomeldon. 0.1/7. 60 SE.; A.W. I. Station
V. South. :
25. Barrow S. of Porton Firs 13 miles 8.E. of Amesbury Workhouse
0.M. 60 NE. ; A.W. I. Station V. South.
[Barrow on Amesbury boundary N.E. of Porton Firs=Amesbury —
85.]
[25 a—e.] On E. side of railway line about 4 mile N.E. from Winter- —
bourne Gunner Church and near the “ Horse Barrow ” (Winter- —
bourne Gunner 1.) E. A. Rawlence opened 1897 & 1901 5°
ploughed-down barrows [25 a—e] not shown on O.J/. 61 SW.
or A.W. 1. Station V. South. WAM. xxxili. 411—414.
By the Rw. HL. H. Goddard, 269
(1) Nearest Horse Barrow. Layers of ashes. and afew animals’
bones, no interment.
(2) In line with (1). Crouched skeleton in grave.
(3) Further N. Cist in chalk with burnt bones covered by large
flints, and fragments of urn.
(4) Grave with skeleton, a heap of burnt bones between its elbows
and knees.
(5) Skeleton of young woman. just under surface, under this
skeleton of child of 6 or 7, with one bead. Considerable quantity
of burnt bones in heaps near both skeletons, with fine cin. urn
14in. high. Salisbury Museum. W.A.M. xxxiii. 413 fig. Human
remains in Kdinburgh Anatomical Museum.
From a barrow at Idmiston, 1873, bronze knife dagger with 6 rivets.
Blackmore Museum. Evans’ Bronze 237, fig. 296.
Earthworks. Hoare, A.W. I. 216, 217, Station V. South, shows’ ditch
beginning to N. of Roman Road in Boscombe, running S.E. over
Idmiston Down,'just W.of the Barrows 1—11 to near Winterslow
Hut where with other ditches it forms a large oblong. O.. 61
S.W. and §.E. show it near the barrows for 3 mile, but not N.
of this.
Finds, Neolithic. Near the “Horse Barrow” on boundary of Winter-
bourne Gunner, close to W. side'of L. & S. W. R., E. A. Rawlence
excavated 1897 a singular circular trench filled with flints, about
150ft. diam., and 3ft. wide, enclosing in centre a grave with crouched
skeleton and one worked flint. A second similar circle lies partly
under railway embankment. Neolithic or Bronze Age? W.A.M.
Xxxill. 410.
Oblong axe of dark green stone with shallow depression in middle of
each side, from ploughed land near Porton. C. V. Goddard Coll.
Finds, Bronze Age. Bronze looped palstave. Gomeldon. Blackmore
Museum.
Roman. Line of the Portway, Old Sarum to Silchester, enters parish at
Gomeldon, crosses Bourne, and runs N.E. through the parish parallel
with and just on W. sideof L.&S.W.R. 0.1. 61 8W.; A.W. I.
Station V. South ; Il. Roman Ara 46 plan.
IMBER.
Barrows.
1. Barrow close to British village 1 mile N.W. of Imber, 4 mile E. of
Wadman’s Coppice. O.M. 45 SE.; A.W. I. Station ITI.
2, 3. Two barrows on Rough Down, 300 yds. apart, $ mile N.E. of
Imber. O.M. 45 SE.; A.W. I. Station ITI.
4. Barrow in extreme corner of parish just W. of Bath to Salisbury
Old Rd. at 154 miles from Salisbury. Low round barrow with
ditch and vallum outside ditch. Two entrances EH. and W.
O.M, 46 SW.; A.W. I. 88, Station ITI.
270 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
[4a]. A long or oval barrow on down just S. of Imber village. A.W.
I. Station IIT. Not on 0.4 Does not now exist. M.E.
Cunnington, 1913.
Earthworks. Large oblong enclosure in British village 1 mile N.W. of
Imber Church, E. of Wadman’s Coppice. O.1. 45 SH.
Ditch runs N.W. toS.E. for + mile from corner of W. Lavington
parish. O.M. 45 SE.
Finds, Bronze Age. Hoare found interment of skeleton with drinking
cup without any barrow, within the “ British Village” at Wadman’s
Coppice. O.Jf. 45 SH.; A.W.1.87; W.A.M. xxi. 259 fig.
Roman. “British Village” 1 mile N.W. of Imber, E. of Wadman’s
Coppice. Pottery, animals’ bones, fragments of Bath stone found by
Hoare. O.M. 45 SE. ; A.W. I. 86.
British village shown on A.W. I. 89 Station III. W. of Salisbury R.,
_§.W. of Penning Barn (in Lavington), apparently near Hast Farm
Cottages. Not in 0.17. 46 SW.
KEEVIL.
Finds, Neolithic. Ground flint celt, found near foundations of old
Church in ‘Couple Church Field” 1913. In possession of Rev. E.
P. Knubley, of Steeple Ashton.
Roman. In field W. of village, Roman coins and pottery of various ages
(some Norman), &c. W.A./. xxxiii. 430.
KENNETT, EAST.
Barrows.
1. Long barrow 4 mile 8. of Church. O.Jf. 35 NW.; Smzth, p. 179,
XII. H. VIII. a.; Stukeley Abury 46. See Appendix Long
Barrows.
[la—ce]. Closeonthe N. or E. side of the Longbarrow, A. W. II. Station
X shows 2 round barrows close together, with one on the S. or
W. side. Smith p. 180 XII. H. VIL. b, c, shows one on each side
only.
(b) Wide low barrow much ploughed down on N. of Long barrow.
Opened? Not in 0.17. 35 NW.
(c) Wide low barrow, much ploughed down on S. of Long barrow.
Not in 0.4%. 35 NW. Opened cir. 1854. A grave 5ft. deep by
5ft. long, with skeleton, drinking cup, bronze knife dagger, and
perforated stone axe hammer, vaulted over with sarsens. “Ina
small adjacent barrow (? b) bones of deer, wild boar, and birds
in very large quantities.” Arch. Journ. xxiv. 29; Proc. Arch.
Inst. Salisbury, 110, figs. 12—14; Evans’ Bronze, 226; Evans’
Stone 173; Proc. Soc. Ant. 2nd Ser. IV. 339; Arch. xliii. 452 PI.
XXXIII. 2. [Little or no sign of these 2 barrows now, 1913.
M.E.C.]
By the Rev. H. H. Goddard. a7.
2, 3. Two barrows close together 4 mile S. of Long barrow (1), close to
Stanton boundary on Thorn Hill. O.M. 35 NW.; A.J. II.
Station X ; not in Smith.
[On Lerkeley Hill a remarkable pit 5ft. Gin. x 4ft. 4in. x 12ft. 4in.
deep, cut in the chalk with sides lined with clay, filled with a
wall of large sarsens with a very large stone on top. Opened 1882;
nothing found. Smith p. 180, XII. H. VII. e.]
Ihe Ridgeway runs through the parish from the S. corner northwards
passing the village on E. side. O.1. 35 NW.
KENNETT, WEST, see AVEBURY.
KILMINGTON.
Barrows.
1. “Jack’s Castle,” or “Selwood Barrow,” a little N. of Alfred’s Tower,
close on parish and county boundary. Burnt bones in cist,
perforated stone hammer axe of syenite and bronze knife dagger
in wooden sheath. O.U. 56 SE.; A.W. I. 39 Pl. I. Station I. ;
Arch, lxi. 112; Stourhead Cat. 283, 284 figs.; Evans’ Stone, 189,
jig. 140; Evans’ Bronze 226.
Whitesheet Hill. OJ. 57 SW. shows 3 barrows (2—4) N.W. of
camp and ditch, and 1 (5) N.E. of camp, all S. of Rd. A.W. I.
42, 43, Station I. shows 4 opened in 1807.
2. Barrow now most westerly, on edge of hill and quarry, apparently
Hoare’s No. 2. Burnt bones only. O.M.57 SW.
[2a.] Hoare’s No. 1, just W. of (2), not on O.Jf. 57 SW., apparently
quarried away. Primary interment of burnt bones in urn in
shallow. cist, over this a skeleton.
3. Hoare’s No. 3, just on E. side of (2). Cist contained nothing, but
above it a skeleton with drinking cup. O.J/.57SW.; Stourhead
Cat. 368.
4 large barrow a little E. of the others. Contained skeleton, but
had been opened before. 0.1.57 SW.
5. Barrow on 8. edge of Rd. just N.E. of camp in projecting part of
Kilmington. 0.27.57 SW.; not in A.W. I. Station I.
[6.] Long Knoll. At W. end on highest point of hill and on parish
boundary. Opened by Hoare. Skeleton which had been dis-
turbed before. Marked but not called “tumulus” on O.1/. 56
NE.; A.W. I. 42, Station I.
arthworks. Bank and ditch cut across isthmus of down and Rd. N. of
Whitesheet Castle. 0.1.57 SW.; A.W. I. Station I.
272: List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
KINGSTON DEVERILL.
Barrows.
1. Barrow on W. edge of track just S. of Monkton Deverill boundary
S.E. of Cold Kitchen Hill. 0O.1/.57 NE.; A.W. I. Station I.
[For neighbouring barrows see Monkton Deverill and Brixton
Deverill. | .
2. Barrow 4 mile W. of (1) at W. end of Cold Kitchen Hill near
Brixton Deverill boundary. Apparently this is the largest and
most westerly (No. 5) of the group of 5 barrows [2a—2e] close
together at this spot opened by Hoare 1803. A.W. I. 41, Station
I.; as follows. Only (2) is shown on O.M. 57 NE.
[2a—2e.]
(1) Very low barrow. Burnt bones in circular cist.
(2) Deep circular cist filled with wood ashes but no bones.
(3) The most easterly of the group. Nothing found.
(4) “A very small oblong barrow.” A cist at the N.E. end con-
taining only ashes. At S.W. end another cist containing large
urn inverted, with burnt bones and bronze awl.
(5) Had been opened before.
3. Barrow on Brimsdown Hill, 1 mile N.W. of last group, close to
Brixton boundary in N.W. corner of parish, just E. of Duke’s
Clump and W. of Woodcombe Wood. O.Mf. 57 N.W.; A.W. I.
Station I.
4. Barrow a little S.E. of last on Brimsdown Hill, on parish boundary
O.M. 57 NW.; apparently not shown in A. W. Station I.
5. Large low barrow on Middle Hill just W. of Rd. opposite Dee
Plantation, 1 mile S.W. of Kingston Deverill Church. Opened
by Hoare. Cist with burnt bones, necklace of over 40 beads
and 6 large perforated plates of amber, cylindrical notched glass —
beads, beads of horn and jet, and bronze awl. O.0/.57S.E.;
A.W. I. 45, 46, Pl. III. Station I. ; Evans’ Stone, 413.
6. Barrow in village just W. of Church. 0.17. 57S.E.; not in 4. W.
I. Station I.
7,8. Two barrows close together on King’s Hill, E. of Rd., 4 mile 8.
of Kingston Deverill Church. O.2/.57SE.; A.W. I. Station 1.
9. Barrow close to Mere boundary W. of Rd., 4 mile N.E. of Mere
Down Farm. Opened by Hoare. Contained urn standing
upright with burnt bones. OM. 57 SW.; A.W.I. 46, Station I.
10. Barrow 4 mile N. of last, S. of Danes Bottom, 42ft. diam. x 1ft. 2in.
high. Opened by Hoare. Contained oval cist 3ft. long Xx 1ft. lin. ©
deep with pile of burnt bones, bone tweezers, jet and amber
beads, glass notched beads. Of. 57SW.; A.W. I. 46, Pl. IIL, —
Station I.
11. Very high steep barrow on Court Hill just E. of plantation, $
mile W. of Kingston Deverill village. [Has been dug into but
never ploughed, 1913. M.E.C.]. O.M. 57 SW.; A.W. I. 47,
Station I ?
By the Rev. E, H. Goddard. 273
[1la.] A “small Long barrow near Rodmead Penning, opened by
Hoare. Several skeletons disturbed before. A.W. 1. 47 Station
I. ; not in O.U. 57 SW. [Probably ploughed down, 1913. M.E.C.]
12. Barrow on E. continuation of Rodmead Hill N. of the Park, S.E.
of Truncombe Wood. O.Jf. 57 SW.
On the extreme point of Rodmead Down facing Kingston Deverill,
Hoare opened a large conspicuous barrow 13ft. high made of
large flints, without result. 3 urns and bronze knife dagger were
afterwards found init. ? Was this 12. A.WJ. 48; W.A.W.
XX1. 258 fig.
13. Barrow + mile W. of last, on Rodmead Hill, S. of Truncombe Wood.
0.M. 57 SW.; A.W. I. Station I.
14. Barrow in valley 4 mile N. of last, E. of trackway, N. of Turncombe
Wood, and just N. of Wily stream. 0.17.57 SW.; A.W. I. 40,
Station I. shows a barrow S. of the stream here but none to N.
of it. ;
[14a, 14b.] Hoare mentions two barrows on the other side of the
lane, opposite to 14 as having been destroyed before his time.
A.W. 1. 40.
15. Barrow in valley ? mile N.E. of 14, N. of Wily stream and just
N. of British trackway. O.U.57SW. ; A.W. I. 40 Station I.
Earthworks. Oblong earthwork enclosure with entrance to E., 8. of
Dane’s Bottom. O.1/.57 SW.
Fragments of ditch running E. & W. along S. slopes of Cold Kitchen
Hill. OJ 57 NE.; not on A. W. I. Station TI.
A ditch cutting across ridge and boundary of Brixton Deverill at W.
end of Cold Kitchen Hill, and another crossing boundary at E. end.
OM. 57 NE.; A.W. 1. Station I.
Fragment of ditch between Hiscombe Wood and Holcombe Hole.
O.M. 57 NW.
Another just N. of Kingston Deverill village. O.1. 57 NE.
Finds, Bronze Age. Bronze socketed looped celt found in ploughed
fields. Devizes Museum Cat. II. B20; W.A.W. xxvii. 284 jig.
KINGTON, WEST.
Barrows.
1, 2. 2 round barrows close together just within the county boundary
on 8. side of Rd. at 124 miles from Bristol on Rd. to Christian
Malford. [2 others 200 yds. N. in Tormarton and Gloucestershire. }
O.M. 18 NE.
3. Barrow 4 mile S. of county boundary and Rd. at 13 miles from
Bristol on Christian Malford Rd. and 2 mile W. of Kington
Down Farm. 0.1.19 NW.
Earthworks. Aubrey (Jackson’s Aubrey p. 86) says “In this parish is a
Downe called Ebdowne, westward from the Church where is a Roman
Camp... acres (it has no graff; a slight rampart; no vestigia of any
274 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
ports Mon. Brit.) : and on the other hill opposite to it another lesser
Roman Camp.” [Hoare A.W. I. 247 curiously transfers this account
bodily to “Knighton,” in Broad Chalke.] This camp } mile W. of
Ebdowne Farm is really in West Littleton and Gloucestershire, the
county boundary follows its rampart.
KNOOK.
Barrows.
1. Barrow ¢ mile 8. of Knook Ch., near Boyton boundary. O.Jf 52
SE. ; not in A. W. 1. Station IIT.
[1a.] Barrow N. of Old Ditch, S.E. of Long Barrow (2), on E. edge
of a track, small barrow opened by Cunnington. Urn inverted
over burnt bones and small bronze knife dagger. A.W. I. 82,
Station III. ; Stourhead Cat., 27; not shown on O.J/. 52 NE..
[Still existing but low and disfigured by rabbits, 1913. M.E.C.]
2. Knook Long Barrow 4+ mile N.E. of Knook Castle. Opened by
W. Cunnington 1801, 1802. O.M@.52 NE. See Appendix Long
Barrows.
3. Small round barrow just S. of long barrow (2), opened 1800. Large
urn with burnt bones and small bronze knife dagger. O.J/. 52
NE.; A.W. I. 83, Station III.
4. Small barrow beside track and on Chitterne All Saints boundary,
1 mile N.K. of long barrow (2), opened by Hoare. Burnt bones
in circular cist. Near the top, skeleton of horse and “brass
buckle.” 0.17.52 NE.; A.W.1.86, Station III. [Much defaced
by rabbits, 1913. M.E.C.]
[4a, b.] Two other low barrows much spread by rabbits on down
quite near the last, notin 0.1%. M.E.C.
5. Small Long barrow 3 mile N. of last, opened 1801. O.J/. 52 NE.;
A.W. I. 86, Station III. See Appendix Long Barrows.
[5a.] Just N. of (5) on N. side of a track, barrow, opened. A.W. I.
Station III. (but not mentioned by Hoare). ?%In Knook or
Heytesbury. Not in 0.Jf, 52 NE.
Earthworks. [Knook Castle is in Upton Lovell. O.Jf 52 SE.] -
Old Ditch runs N. from W. side of Knook Castle and forms boundary
of parish for $ mile. 0.17.52 SE. & NE. ; A.W. I. Station III.
Another branch of Old Ditch running at right angles to the last, W.
from Knook Castle turns N.W. and runs into Heytesbury. O.J/. 52
SE. & NE. ; A.W. 1. Station IIT.
Roman. For British village see Upton Lovell.
KNOYLE, EAST.
Barrows.
1. Barrow just N. of Amesbury Rd. 173 miles from Amesbury, opened,
norecord. 0.1.63 NE.; A.W. I. Station I.
By the Rev. EH. H. Goddard. 275
[1a.] Long Barrow just N. of the last. A.W. I. Station I. ; not in
O.M. 63 NE. See Appendix Long Barrows.
{1b, 1c.] Two barrows, unopened, in angle of Salisbury and Amesbury
Rds., E. of Willoughby Hedge, S.W. of Long barrow (1). A.W.
I, Station I.; not in O.W. 63 NE.
2. Barrow ? mile W. of Hindon, just N. of MereRd. O.M.64NW.;
not in A.W. I. Station IV.
3. [3a, 3b.] Barrow 4 mile S.W. of Hindon on Hindon boundary.
O.M. 64 NW.; A.W. 1. Station IX. shows 3 barrows here.
4. Barrow just S. of Rd. 4 mile W. of Knoyle Down Farm, E. of 17th
milestone from Aya O.M. 64 NW.; not in A.W. I.
Station IV.
Finds, Neolithic. Partly ground flint celt. Blackmore Museum.
Roman. British village, banks, &c., on Two Mile Down 1 mile N.W. of
Hindon Church. O.M. 64 NW.; A.W. L. 253; not shown on
Station IV.
KNOYLE, WEST.
Barrows.
1. {la, 1b.] Barrow N. of Rd. between Old Willoughby Hedge and
Willoughby Hedge. O.4.63 NE. A.W. I. Station I. shows 2
barrows here close together and a third alittle distance N.E-
(possibly in Monkton Deverill), all opened.
2. Barrow on high ground of the Warren, 3 mile E. of Church, opened
by Hoare, “a vacant cist without signs of charcoal or cremation.”
OW. 63 NE.; AW. I. 254, Station IX.
3. Large barrow in Windmill Ground on E. side of Barrow Street
Lane S. of Pinnocks Coppice and The Middles, not openea, a
windmill built upon it, now destroyed, site only shown on O. de
63 NE.; A.W. I. 254, Station IX.
Hoare Sooned 1803 1 mile S. of Keesley Lodge “a neat circular
barrow on the brow of the hill,” 39ft. diam. 5ft. high, containing
oval cist 5ft. long x 3ft. wide with large beads of jet and amber,
and over this near the surface, skeleton of large man. Was this
No.1? A.W. I. 49.
Hoare also opened 1807 two very low barrows near together on
down attached to W. Knoyle Farm. The smallest contained in
large cist Saxon skeleton at full length with iron umbo of shield
between legs and spearhead and knife at side. Devizes Museum.
A.W. 1. 48; Stourhead Cat. 299, 305. The adjoining barrow
contained an “imperfect interment of burnt bones,” mixed up
with the soil. A.W. I. 48.
Further W. towards Willoughby Hedge “in a paddock to the left”
a barrow was opened by W. Cunnington 1803, containing burnt
bones in cist under a pile of flints. A.W. I. 48.
T have not been able to identify these barrows. E.H.G.
\Finds, Saxon. See interments in barrows mentioned above.
276 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
LACOCK.
Earthworks, &c. The line of the Wansdyke and Roman Road combined
forms 8. boundary of parish. O.M. 26 SW.; A.W. IL. 16—20, 81,
plan.
Roman. Leland (/¢. II. 29) says that in “Silverfield,” near here, much
Roman money has been found. In Wick Field at Lackham Roman
coins. Jackson’s Aubrey 5, 95.
LANDFORD.
Barrows.
[1a.] A.W. I. Station VII. shows a barrow apparently on Landford
Common about 4 mile 8. of Rectory, not in O.JZ. 77 NE.
LANGFORD, LITTLE.
Earthworks. “Grovely Castle” about4 mile S. of village. Intrenchment
on elevated site. Single rampart from S.W. towards the E. No
defence on N. & N.E. isides. Area 14 acres. Circuit 4 furlongs,
132 yards. Bank and ditch running through it are modern, says
Hoare, Digging showed no sign of ancient habitation. Hoare
thought the camp unfinished. O.Jf.598.E.; A.W. I. 109, 111, plan,
Station IV. [Half of the area under plough, 1913. M.E.C.]
The winding ditch which coming from Dinton Beeches forms N.
boundary of Grovely Wood is 8. boundary of parish. O.J/. 59 SW.,
SE. ; 65 NE.
Roman. In an earthwork on N. side of Grovely, apparently Grovely
Castle, 2 pots of coins found by flint-digger 1906. One pot contained —
1000 bronze coins of 4th cent. in bad condition, the other 300 silver
coins A.D. 337—408, 2 bronze coins, 6 silver rings and rim of glass
vessel. Claimed as treasure trove and dispersed by sale. Described
Numismatic Chron. 4th Ser. vi.; W.A.df. xxxv. 115, 327; 0.17.59 SH.
LANGFORD, STEEPLE.
Barrows.
1, 2. Two barrows close together (1 N., 2S.) on Cow Down } mile
S. of Yarnbury. O0.1£. 59 NE. ; not in A.W. I. 95 Station TIL. (2)
3. Barrow} mile E. of last, near Stapleford boundary. OJ 58
NE. ; vib W. J. 95 Station III.
4. Bina 1 mile S.E. of last close to Stapleford Bodden OM. —
59 NE. ; A.W. I. Station IIT.
5, 6. Two Ratios almost touching just N. of Deptford—Amesbury
Rd. at 8th milestone from Amesbury, S.W. of Yarnbury, just N.
of Field Barn. O.1/. 59 NW.; A.W. I. Station III.
7. Barrow just to N.E. of two last. O.U. 59 NW.; A.W. I. Station IIL
By the Rev. EL. H. Goddard. 277
8. Barrow 1 mile N. of (5—7), N.W. of Yarnbury. O0.U.59 NW.;
A.W. 1. Station ITI.
9. A “mound” on boundary of Little Langford + mile 8.E. of Hollo-
way Hedge Barn. O.1/. 59 SEH.
10. Slight mound in centre of “Kast Castle” earthwork 1 mile S. of
village, opened by Hoare, no interment, only pottery and bone
‘pin found. Not shown as barrow in O.Jf. 59 SW.; A.W. I. 111
Station LV.
[10a—d.] Group of 4 small barrows just S.E. of East Castle. A.W.
I. Station IV. ; not in 0.7. 59 SW.
[10e—10f.] Two larger barrows E. of Church End Rings on West
Hill on N. Edge of Grovely. A.W. I. Station IV. ; not in 0.1.
Earthworks. Yarnbury Castle, 2 of camp in this parish, + in Berwick
St. James. Very strong inner rampart, two weaker outer ones close
together. Six existing entrances, but only two certainly original.
Principal entrance to EK. defended by outwork. On W.sidean annexe
of irregular shape with slight ditch. Area 28} acres. Circuit 1716 yds.
Greatest height of vallum 52ft. (Hoare). O.Jf.59 NE.; A.W. I. 89,
plan 90.
East Castle, 1 mile 8. of village near Little Langford border, “curious
little earthen work at first sight having the appearance of a Druid
barrow” says Hoare. Area #acre. Circuit 204yds. 0.17.59 SW.;
A.W. 1. 111, Station IV.
Hanging Langford Camp, an extensive series of irregular banks and
ditches and enclosures, on W. Hill on Wylye boundary N.E. of
Dinton Beeches. See below, Roman. O./1/,59 SW.; A.W. I. 108
plan.
Church End Ring a separate enclosure occupying bottom of nearly
circular head of deep combe below Hanging Langford works with
which it is connected by a bank and ditch, a very sheltered position,
unlike any other in Wilts. The banks of the enclosure seems to
have been built entirely of flints which have been much dug away.
1913. M.E.C.
Finds, Bronze Age. Yarnbury Castle. Bronze looped palstave, in
possession of V. Moore, of Wilton, 1911. W.A.M. xxxvii. 455.
Finds, Late Celtic. British coin, base silver, disjointed horse type like
fig. 5 Pl. I. of Hawkins’ Selver Coins of England, found at Hanging
Langford, in possession of Miss Graham, of Dinton 1911.
Roman, Site of British village at Hanging Langford Camp. 2 bronze
bow brooches, penannular iron brooch, Miss Graham 1911. Bronze
brooch, pottery, &c., R. S. Newall. W.AJMf. xxxvii. 456; A.W. I.
106, 108.
Yarnbury Camp. Pottery, querns, bronze brooches, coins, iron objects,
brick flues, &c., found in interior. A.W.1.89,90; W.A.J. xxxiv. 272.
British village with rectangular enclosures §, of Yarnbury, 8. of
Amesbury Rd., W. of track to Steeple Langford, above small covert.
GC. V. Goddard 1913. Not in 0.17.59 NE. ; or A.W. I. Station I.
278 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
LANGLEY BURRELL.
“ Barrow Farm,” 4 mile S.W. of Ch. testifies to former existence of a
barrow. O.2/. 20 SW.
LATTON.
Finds, Bronze Age. Bronze palstave. A. D. Passmore coll. W.A.i.
XXXly. 310 fig. ; xxxv. 133.
Finds, Late Celtic. Remarkable pottery vessel of pedestal type. A.D.
Passmore coll. W.A.Jf xxx. 308 fig. ; xxxv. 392.
Roman, A mosaic pavement of black, white, and red chequers 2in. or 3in.
square found in ploughed field 1670. Jackson’s Aubrey 152.
Roman coffin 1861 in N.E. corner of parish and county E. of Vine’s-
brake. O.U.5 NW.
52 Roman coins, iron spearhead, bridle bit, bronze bow brooch, and
bracelet found in making new straight watercourse to the Thames
1856 and 1874, near Ermine Street, opposite High Bridge, Cricklade.
O.M. 5 SW. ; W.AM. ix. 232,
A hoard of 2d. brass coins, in Cirencester Museum. W.A.J/. xiv. 188.
Ermine Street coming from Cirencester runs for 23 miles perfectly
straight through the parish, as a modern road, until as it enters
Cricklade its course is lost for 2 mile. 0.1. 4 NE. ;5 NW. and SW. ;
A.W. II. Roman Ara 96 plan.
LAVERSTOCK.
Barrows.
1, 2. Two barrows close together on Laverstock Down E. of Burrough’s
Hill, 4 mile E. of Laverstock Mill (1 the northernmost). OJ.
66 SE.; not in A.W. I. Station VII.
[2a—2c.] A.W. I. Station VII. shows 3 barrows apparently on Ford
Down E. of Broken Cross. Not in O.Jf.
3, 4. OU. 66 NE. shows # mile N. of Ford, just 8. of the Portway,
an indistinct Long barrow. This is apparently the “ Hand Bar-
rows,” 2 round barrows close together. Hoare however believed
it to be really one Long Barrow, though in both plans he shows
two round barrows. A.W. I. Station V. South; II. Roman
Ara 46 plan.
Eoliths from plateau gravel on Thorny Down. H. P. Blackmore, Black-
more Museum.
Finds, Neolithic. Flint scrapers and adze-shaped celt. Blackmore
Museum. Flint celt. W.A.J/. x. 36.
Roman. The Portway, Old Sarum to Silchester, runs from E. gate of Old
Sarum by existing Rd. straight through Laverstock for 1 mile N.E.
into Winterbourne Earls. O.J/. 66 NE. ; A.W. Il. Roman Ara 46
plan.
Roman Rd. to Winchester leaves E. gate of Old Sarum running straight
E. and forms boundary of parish for $ mile to Ford. O.Jf 66 NE. ;
A.W. Il. Roman Ara, 58 plan.
By the Rev. E. H. Goddard. 279
LAVINGTON, MARKET, OR EAST.
Barrows.
1, 2. Two large barrows close together 4 mile S. of Cadley Farm, 4
mile K. of Frieth Farm, close on N. side of Rowbery Lane.
O.W. 40 SW. ; not in A.W.
3. Barrow on Summer Down N. of track and close to corner of
Tilshead. O.W. 46 SE. ; A.W. 1. Station IIT.
4. Another 3 mile N. of last. OJ. 46 NE. ; A.W. 1. Station III.
The Ridgeway runs through parish coming from Gore Cross going NE.
and following the escarpment into Kasterton. OJ. 46 NW. ;
A.W. 1. 94 Station ITT.
Earthworks. Near the Ridgeway at Gibbet Knoll “the mutilated banks
of a square earthen work.” 0.17. 46 NW.; A.W.1. 94 Station ITI.
LAVINGTON, WEST.
Barrows.
[la, b.] 2 large barrows close together touching E. side of Rd. Bath
to Salisbury at about 194 miles from Bath. A.W. I. Station III. ;
not in O..
Ridgeway runs through parish from Gore Cross heading NE. along the
escarpment into Market Lavington. OJ 46 NW.; A.W. 1.94.
Finds, Bronze Age. Bronze awl, flanged celt, palstave, socketed celt,
found on Downs. Devizes Museum Cat. II. B15, B17, B19; WA...
i, 62 ; vi. 259 ; xxxvii. 130, 133.
Finds, Late Celtic. 3 bronze bow brooches, la Tene I. type. Devizes
Museum Cat. II. 300, 302, 3083; W.A.M. xxxv. 399, 400. figs. ;
Reliquary xiv. 95, 97, figs.
A later type of brooch of 1st cent. B.C. Devizes Museum Cat. II.
310; W.A.W. xxxv. 402 figs. ; Reliaquary xiv. 98 figs.
Finds, Roman. 8 Bronze bow brooches. Devizes Museum Cat. II. 308,
' 315—318, 333. Penannular brooch, Cat. II. 336. Bronze bracelets,
Cat. II. 345, 377.
LEIGH DELAMERE.
Barrows.
1. “Site of tumulus” at Green Barrow Farm. O.J/. 19 NE.
LIDDINGTON.
Barrows.
Two barrows [la, 1b] on Liddington Warren Farm opened by A.
D. Passmore 1893. W.A.M. xxvii. 175, 176; not in O.1Z. 23 NE.
[1a.] Barrow near green road from Shepherds’ Rest to Marlborough,
bowl-shaped, ploughed down. Cist in centre with burnt bones
with the rim of an urn over them, and a conical button of shale.
Not in 0.0. 23 NE.
280 9 Lrst of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
[3b.] Barrow in ploughed field near 6th milestone on Swindon to
Hungerford Rd., has the appearance of a twin barrow. In centre
of easternmost mound burnt bones on floor of barrow with portion
~ of incense cup 2ft. away. Not in O./. 23 NE.
Earthworks. Liddington Castle [or Badbury Camp]. Oval, 72 acres,
circumference 75lyds. Height of rampart 40ft. (Hoare), Entrance
to KE. O.M.23 NW.; A.W. II. 38, Plate VII (plan), Stations XI. &
XII.
A ditch running 8. from W. side of the camp along the side of the hill
through Aldbourne parish to Church End in Ogborne St. George says
Hoare. Shown on 0.1. 23 NW. Also another ditch running more
than a mile S. into Aldbourne from E. side of camp, with some cross
ditches.
The Ridgeway runs across parish from &. W. to N.E. just N. of Liddington
Castle. OU. 16SW.; 23 NW.
Finds, Neolithic. A number of good flint arrowheads, scrapers, knives,
chipped and ground celts, a perforated stone hammer, &. A. D.
Passmore Coll.
A polished celt of dense hard gritstone 8Zin. long, in possession (1913)
of R. S. Newall, of Fisherton Delamere, bought at sale, labelled
“Leddington, Wilts,” has a regular groove cut out down each edge.
WA, xxxvii. 613 fig.
Finds, Bronze Age. Large bronze awl, square section. (? Bronze Age.)
Liddington Castle. A. D. Passmore Coll.
Finds, Late Celtic. Inside Liddington Castle a number of fragments
of pottery with impressed and incised Late Celtic patterns, and
fragment of iron band of Late Celtic bucket. A. D. Passmore Coll.
WAM. xxxv. 392.
Roman. The line of the road from Covingham Farm (Nidum?) to Cunetio
runs S. from its junction with Ermine Street forming E. boundary
of parish for 4 mile, is then lost for $ mile, and resumes its course
along a modern road at Common Head, into Chiseldon. O.J/. 16
NW. & SW.; A.W. IL. Roman Ara 92 plan.
Coins and remains found. No details. W.A.d/, vii. 122; xxvi. 414.
Small enamelled object, with pattern of Late Celtic type. A. D.
Passmore Coll.
LITTLETON DREW.
Barrows. Lugbury is in Nettleton, g. ».
Roman. The Fosse Road forms parish boundary on E. O.J/.12 SE.
LONGBRIDGE DEVERILL.
Barrows.
1. Barrow on Cow Down # mile §.E. of village. OJ. 57 NE;
A.W. I. Station I.
By the Rev. EH. H. Goddard. 281
2. Barrow + mile S.E. of last, ; mile N.E. of Lord’s Hill Farm. OJ.
57 NE.; A.W. I. Station I.
3. Barrow on Westcombe Downs 1 mile S. of last (2) near parish
boundary W. of Warminster—Shaftesbury Rd. at 5 miles from
Warminster. 0.1.57 NE.
[3a.] A.W. I. Station I. shows another barrow near the last, perhaps
in Hill Deverill ; not on O.W/. 57 NE.
[3b.] Barrow, opened, E. of the oval earthwork near Southleigh
Wood, just N. of Greenhill—Longbridge Deverill Rd., apparently
in this parish. A. JV.1. Station II. ; not in 0.07. 52 SW.
[Sc]. Barrow on road to Baycliff (? in what parish) opened by Hoare,
contained burnt bones, A.W. I. 50.
Earthworks. Just N. of road to Sutton Veny, and close to Southleigh
Wood and Sutton Veny boundary, a singular oval earthwork
“resembling an amphitheatre in miniature” (Hoare), with vallum
18ft. high from ditch, outside, and ditch inside, enclosing level
oval space higher than the ditch of less than 4 acre; breadth of
ditch 7ft. Longest diam. inside 111ft. O.W/.51 SE. and 52SW.;
A.W. I. 50, Station II.
On Cow Down 1 mile E. of village, on N.W. point of down, a small
earthwork like the letter D reversed with entrance on straight side
on the E. Im the ditch beside entrance Roinan pottery, Samian,
&e. O.M. 58 NW. ; A.W. I. 1038, Station IV.
Roman. 7 Roman coins found in earthen vessel 1854. W.A.M. ii. 34.
Brick flues found, no details. W.A.J/. xxxiv. 272.
LUCKINGTON.
Barrows.
1. ‘“Giants’ Caves,” chambered long barrow close to county boundary
and corner of Badminton Park where Allengrove Lane joins lane
coming from Malmesbury Rd. O.J/. 12 NW.; A.W. II. 101;
W.A.M. vii., 323. See Appendix Long Barrows.
O.M. 12 NW. shows in the second field S. of the Giants’ Caves,
just on-S. side of the lane, another large long barrow marked
“Tumulus.” This, however, is an error. [ “ Nothing but a slight
natural inequality of surface,” 1913. M.E.C.]
[la, b.] Between Luckington and Badminton Hoare: saw 2 small
barrows A.W. II. 102; not on O.J7.
LUDGERSHALL.
Barrows.
1, 2. Windmill Hill Down. 2 barrows on highest part of hill, a
little distance apart, both close to N. Tidworth boundary. 1
the northernmost, 0.17, 48 NE. ;2 the southernmost O.J/. 48
SE. ; neither marked on Soc. Ant. Map. A.W.I. Station VI.
| VOL. XXXVIII.—NO. CXX. U
282 Lust of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
Earthworks. Probably the castle was built on the site of a prehistoric
camp and the earthworks adapted to its defence. O.U. 48 NE.;
Soc. Ant. Map. 106.
Finds, Bronze Age. Socketed looped celt. Devizes Museum Cat. IT.
B22; W.A.M. vii. 246 ; xxxvii. 136.
LYDIARD TREGOZE.
Roman. At Basset Down, at top of hill just above farm road up the
hill at back of the grounds, a quantity of fragments of Roman pottery
including Samian, and portion of quern, found 2ft. under ground
digging a post hole: further digging showed the spot to be a Roman
rubbish heap. 1913. E. H. Goddard.
Saxon. At Basset Down, just at the top of the hill behind the house, a
number of skeletons were found during the making of the pleasure
grounds in 1822, among them two interments, each with spear, knife,
umbo of shield, anda pair of saucer-shaped brooches. Bronze earpick,
tinned. spoon, hairpins, amber beads, crystal bead, glass beads of
different shapes, and bronze bow brooch. Devizes Museum Cat. II.
Ss—S25; W.A.U. xxviii. 104 figs. Further to the W. in 1839 more
skeletons were found. Apparently this was a Saxon cemetery.
LYNEHAM.
Barrows. The name “ Barrow End” testifies to the former existence of a
barrow here. O.Jf. 21 NW.
At Preston, W. of Clyffe—Lyneham Rd., on Mr. Hathway’s farm,
and on the Lyneham side of the brook, in field called “‘ Witch-
hills,’ a high round mound from side of which badgers dug out
a skull. The whole surrounding ground has been quarried, and
digging by E. H. Goddard, 19138, proved that the mound is only
natural ground heightened by quarry rubbish. Remainder of
skeleton at full length on its back was found, but nothing to-
indicate its age.
Human remains found 1863 (no details) near Brick Kiln Copse
just N. of Calne—Wootton Bassett Rd. and E. of Rd. to Great.
Wood. O.M.145W.
Earthworks. In field at S. end of Hillocks Wood an entrenchment
marked “Camp.” O.J/.14SE.
Bradenstoke. “Clack Mount,” just N.E. of the Priory (Abbey) in next
field, entrenched space with mound in centre marked “ Tumulus,” on
O.M. 21 NW. Ditches prolonged on either side as if portions of
an outer bailey. Age doubtful, rather like Binknoll, but not on
promontory. E.H.G.
Roman. Bradenstoke. Roman coins found near the Priory, Gallienus,
Constantinus II., Valentinian, cir, 1893. E.C. Trepplin. W.AJL
Xxvil. 177.
By the Rev. H. H. Goddard. 283
Bees GTON.
Barrows.
1. Barrow just E. of Walsenie’s Copse. O.Jf. 53 SE. ; not in A.W.
Station V. North, or Soc. Ant. Map. (O.df. 1889).
Finds, Neolithic. Flint scrapers,a globular flint muller, ground flint
celt, &c., from surface. C. V. Goddard.
MAIDEN BRADLEY.
Barrows.
1. Barrow just W. of village between Church and Church Farm.
O.M. 57 NW.; A.W. I. Station I.
2. Barrow just S.E. of cross roads in village. 0.17. 57 NW.; not in
A.W. I. Station I.
3. Barrow on extreme W. point of Brimsdown Hill 1 mile E. of
village, opened by Hoare 1807. Burnt bones in cist with long
bone pin with perforated head, and small bronze knife dagger.
O.M, 57 NW. ; A.W. I. 41 Station I. ; Stourhead Cat. 286.
On Rodmead Hill E. and S.E. of Rodmead Farm O.M. 57 SW.
shows 5 barrows (4—8) scattered over space $ mile N. and 8.
4. Barrow on edge of Rodmead Hill 3 mile E. of Rodmead Farm.
O.M. 57 SW. ; not in A.W. Station I.
5. Barrow a little distance S. of last. O.J7.57 SW.
[It is apparently here that A.W. I. Station I shows a group of “3
small barrows [5a—c] placed in a triangular form, scarcely
elevated above the surface, and seem to have been ploughed over
in former times.” Opened by Hoare. A.W. I. 47; not in OU.
57 SW., unless 5 is one of them.
[5a] Contained burnt bones, amber beads, and plates, jet ring and
beads.
[5b.] Rude cinerary urn in shallow cist with burnt bones and bronze
awl.
[5c.] No interment found.
6. Large barrow } mile 8.W. of (5) and just N.W. of the earthwork.
Opened by Hoare 1807. Saxon interment, skeleton at full length
bronze patella covered with wooden bowl, iron umbo of shield,
two-edged sword 2ft, 6in. long, 2 knives, and 3 spearheads,
O.M. 57 SW. ; A.W. I. 46,47,Pl. IV., Station I. ; II. 27 ; Stourhead
Cat. 290—292.
7. Small barrow adjoining S. side of last, opened by Hoare, nothing
found. 0.1.57 SW.; A.W. I. 47, Station I.
8. Barrow } mile S.E. of last and of earthwork. O.1/. 57 SW.; not
in A.W. I. Station I.
U 2
284 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and PaganSaxon Antiquities,
[8a] On point of down E. of the earthwork on Rodmead Hill A.W.
I. 47 Station I. shows a Long barrow not on 0.17.57 NW. Opened
by Hoare. “A small long barrow near Rodmead Penning”
contained “remains of several skeletons that had been disturbed
before.” [Apparently destroyed. Not to be found 1913. M.E.C.]
[For barrow on 8. boundary of parish see Mere.]
Earthworks. “ Vestiges of an ancient ditch ” on the ridge of hill between
Little Knoll in Bradley Park and Long Knoll. Coins of the Lower
Empire found in ditch, A.W. I. 41, 42, Station I.
On Rodmead Down, to the E. of the barrows, a small irregular earthen
work with an entrance towards the E. “A great deal of very black
earth & fragments of rude British pottery.” O.12. 57SW.; A:W. I.
47, Station I.
Roman. Supposed course of Roman Rd. marked on 0.17.56 NE. ; 57 NW.
from Bradley Lane 1 mile W. of village, through Penstone’s Wood
to Gare Hill.
MALMESBURY WITHOUT.
Earthworks. On Cams Hill = mile N. of Cole Park a circular mound and
a small rectangular? earthwork in adjoining fields, shown on O.1/.
13 NE.
Roman. 3 bronze brooches and ring (? Roman) found near the Fosse Road.
No details. W.A.J. viii. 12.
MANNINGFORD BOHUNE.
Barrows.
1. Bohune Down. A barrow i mile N. of Devizes—Andover Rd. at
12 miles from Devizes. O.U. 41 SE.; A.W. I. Station VI.
2. A barrow about 2 mile E. of the last, just on border of Upavon.
O.W. 41 SE.; A.W. I. Station VI. ;
Finds, Neolithic. “At Manningford” flint celts. W.A.J/. 1.59: vii. 248,
MANNINGFORD BRUCE.
Earthworks. Manningford Hill, S.W. of field barn, a small square earth-
work with'entrance to S.E., and ditches near, to E. of it. O.Jf. 41 SE. ;
A.W. I. 191, 192.
Finds, Neolithic. Ground flint celt, broken. Devizes Museum Caz. II.
13.
Roman. Vase of New Forest Ware found near. Devizes Museum Cat.
IT. 288,
By the Kev. H. H. Goddard, 285
MARDEN.
The Ridgeway coming from Gore Cross to near Broadbury Banks cuts
across Marden on edge of the escarpment. O.J/. 41 SW.
Earthworks. [Hatfield Barrow & entrenchment though close to Marden
village were in Beechingstoke. q.v.]
“Long Ditch” runs W. to E. over Marden Down. O.U. 46 NE.; 47
NW.; Soc. Ant. Map 22.
Roman. British village shown on O.//. 41 NW. just E. of Church & school
and §.W. of Hatfield Earthworks.
MARLBOROUGH.
Barrows. See Preshute, Ogbourne, dc.
Finds, Neolithic, from the neighbourhood. A large number of flint
implements, scrapers, fabricators, chipped knives, &c. J. W. Brooke
Coll.
Perforated oval chert hammer stone. Arch. Journ. xxv. 250.
Ground flint celt from barrow “‘on downs near.” Stourhead Cat. 347.
Finds, Late Celtic. On site of college Sanatorium. Bronze bow brooch
of Ist cent. 1906. J. W. Brooke Coll. W.A.M. xxxv. 403 fig.
In 1897 in digging foundations of new wing of College Sanatorium
5 wide-mouthed urns were found standing upright within space of a
few yards about 1ft. 6in. below surface. Only relic found with them
indicative of date, a horn knife handle with iron tang. The vessels
unlike others found in county, with rough incised or combed orna-
ment. Probably Late Celtic. Coll. Museum. Marlborough Coll.
Nat. Hist. Soc. Report 1897 figs.; W.A.M. xxx. 67; O.1f. 29 SW.
Roman. Bronze bow brooch, Aucissa type, “neighbourhood of Marl-
borough.” 1910. W.A.M. xxxvii. 477.
Small relief of Fortune, defaced, probably from Cunetio, built into
interior E. wall of S. aisle of St. Mary’s Ch. W.A.J xxxiv. 141,
203 fig.
MARSTON, SOUTH.
Earthworks. An entrenchment of rectangular form formerly existed in
field at Rowborough Farm, 4 mile S.E. of Church, mentioned as
“Roman” by Alfred Williams, 4 Wiltshere Village, p. 12. Entirely
ploughed down and not shown on O.Jf. 11 SW.
MELKSHAM.
Earthworks, &c. The line of the Roman Road & Wansdyke combined
forms the N. boundary of the parish throughout as far as Bowden
Hill. O.7. 25 SE., 26 SW.; A.W. II. 27, 81 plan.
Human Remains. Skeleton, one leg stretched out, the other bent, found
in gravel digging near the Grove. Skull brachycephalic. ?Of what
age. Cambridge Museum No. 260.
286 Lust of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
MERE.
Barrows.
1, 2. Two barrows on Castle Hill. O.Jf 683 NW.; not in A.W. I.
Station I.
3. Barrow just N.E. of Burton Farm beside track. O.Jf 63 NW.;
A.W. I. 254, Station IX.
4, 5. Whitesheet Hill. Two small barrows close together just inside
rampart in §.W. corner of camp. O.M.57SW.; not in A.W. 1.
Station I. [Half the camp is in Stourton. ]
6. Barrow 4 mile E. of camp, just W. of ditch. OW. 57 SW.; A.W.
I. Station I.
Ga. Barrow just E. of ditch where 8. end of ditch ends at edge of the
down. Opened by Fenton. Cist 6ft. long containing skeletons of
man and younger person embracing each other, with drinking
cup, tanged copper knife dagger, slate wristguard, bone imple-
ment, and two discs of thin gold with cruciform ornament. Not
in O.M. 57 SW.; A.W. I. 44, Pl. IL., Station I. ; Stourhead Cat.
41, 81—81b; Arch. xlili. 527 fig. 218; lxi. 105; Evans’ Bronze,
223; Evans’ Stone 382; W.A.I. xxi. 257; xxxvii. 98 ( fig.) 117.
7. Baron! mile E. of ditch, and of the last (6), S. of tuck way. OM.
63 NW.; ; A.W. 1. Station I.
8. [8a] aoe on top of down projecting 4 mile SE of camp.
O.M. 638 NW.; A.W. I. Station I. shows 2 barrows, opened, here.
In the southernmost (8 or 8a?) Hoare found fragments of large
urn in cist. A.W. I. 44.
9. Barrow # mile N.E. of Whitesheet Castle, + mile N. of trackway. |
O.M. 57 SW.; not in A.W. I. Station I.
10, 11. Two barrows near together (N.W. & S.E.) } mile S.E. of last
(9), S. of the Druses. O.J7.57 SW.: A.W. I. Station I. (?). .
12. Barrow just N.W. of Mere Down Farminroadwayandon boundary
of Maiden Bradley. O.J£.57SW.; A.W. I. Station I.
13. Barrow a little distance N.E. of last (12) just S. of roadway, N. of ©
Mere Down Farm. 0.17.57 SW.; A.W. I. Station I. ;
[13a—e.] Hoare notes here 3 low small barrows on the 8.W. side of
the trackway ploughed down, which he opened. The largest
contained an urn inverted over burnt bones, the two smaller only
charcoal. ‘Other insignificant barrows were opened in this
neighbourhood, which afforded nothing worthy of attention.”
A.W.1I. 46; not in Station I. or 0.0.
[13d.] Hoare opened a barrow on “Black Heath,” apparently that
shown in 4. IW. I. Station I. as just N. of the earthwork touching
N. side of trackway # mile E. of turning to Mere Down Farm.
No cist, but a knob of chalk on which a round-bottomed cooking
By the Rev. HL. H. Goddard. 287
vessel, with ears for suspension, was inverted with burnt bones
placed round it. This round-bottomed bowl regarded as Neolithic
by Reginald Smith. Stourhead Cat. 288. Notin O.U/.63NE.;
A.W. 1.45; W.A.M. xxvi. 318 fig.
14. A barrow apparently actually forming corner of earthwork and
touching N. side of trackway 3 mile 8.E. of Mere Down Farm,
shown on 0. Jf, 63 NE. ; not in A. W. I. Station I.
15, [15a, b.] Large barrow at Chaddenwick Furze + mile E. of last
(14), N. of trackway. Apparently the larger of three barrows
close together in line, the two smaller on the W. side of the
larger, shown in A.W. I. Station I. Opened by Hoare 1804.
Large barrow had circular cist with vast quantity of charred
wood in which was imbedded a small rude urn with 4 perforated
ears. Stourhead Cat. 285 fig. The 2 smaller barrows produced
nothing. A.W. TI. 45 Pl. I.
A similar vessel with 4 ears in British Museum said to have come
from a barrow here.
{15 ¢...g.] Group of 5 barrows close together on Mappledore Hill
shown N. of the county boundary 1 mile S.W. of Mere Church
in A.W. I. Station IX. Hoare speaks of many low barrows
partly levelled, “‘vases of rude pottery” found in one of them.
None shown on 0.2. 63 SW.
Barrow Street Farm, 1 mile S. of Chaddenwick Farm, shows former
existence of barrow here.
Earthworks. Earthwork enclosure on N. edge of British trackway 2 mile
S.E. of Mere Down Farm. O.1M. 63 NE.; A.W. IL. 44 Station I.
Strong ditch on White Sheet Hill cutting across ridge and trackway
2 mile E. of White Sheet Castle. O.1£ 57 SW.; A.W. I. Station I.
_ Small irregular earthwork enclosure on Rodmead Down. O.Jf.57 SW. ;
A.W. I. Station I.
_ White Sheet Castle, camp, half in Stourton q.v.
Finds, Bronze Age. Bronze celt. W.A.d/. vil. 247; xxxvii. 138.
Bronze socketed looped celt, Chaddenwich1909. Mere Church Museum.
W.A.M. xxxvii. 136. Another similar, Chaddenwich 1911. A. R.
White, of Mere. W A.M. xxxvii. 455.
Finds, Late Celtic. Gold uninscribed British coin, 1868, “ between
Maiden Bradley and Mere,” formerly in possession of Ed. Stevens.
ae British village round site of earthwork on N. edge of trackway
3 mile S.E. of Mere Down Farm. 0.17.63 NE.; A.W. I. 44, Station I.
Chaddenwich Farm, cir. 1911. Several coins, 2 bronze bow brooches,
bowl of spoon, &c. A. R. White. W.A./. xxxvii. 457.
Coins, 270 denarii in vase found at cemetery, 1856, 174 different types,
A.D. 60—166. W.A.M. v. 128; xxvii. 176, 177.
Many coins found, mostly of Constantine period, “ee number of
Carausius. W.A.d/. xxix. 227.
288 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
MILDENHALL.
Barrows.
1. Poulton Down, 2 mile E. of Ogbourne St. Andrew Church and close
to parish boundary, large bowl-shaped barrow with deep pond-
like depression each side. O.M. 29 NW.; Smith p. 220, XVIIb-.
N. IV. d.
[la.] Barrow formerly existed N. of Rabley Wood, now destroyed.
Smith p. 220 XVIIb. N. IV. b.; not in OU. 29 NW.
2. Barrow N. of Church in village. Hoare noted that it had been
dug into for stone but not properly examined. O.M. 29 NW. ;
W.AMM. xxii. 235 ; not in Smith.
[2a.] Barrow Field [?in Mildenhall or Preshute]. Hoare notes that
a barrow had existed here in memory of man, but was destroyed
before his time. W.A.J/. xxii. 235.
Earthworks. Ditch coming out of Aldbourne Chase Wood, Yielding
Copse, and Ogbourne St. George runs S.E. towards Smatcham’s
Copse, W. of Mildenhall Warren Farm. 0.17.29 NE. ; Smith XVIIc.
N. IV. a. Hoare A.W. II. 37, Stations XI. XII. shows ditch for
short distance N. of Woodlands, on Mildenhall Down, and another
larger “covered way” pointing to British village on Aldbourne Chase
4 mile further N.
Finds, Late Celtic. British coins, W.A.J/. xix. 86.
Roman. Hoare places site of Lower Cunetio at Mildenhall village, square
earthwork to N.E. of Church. O.J/. 29SW.; A.W. IT. 34, 91, plan
106. )
Black Field E. of Church and 8. of Kennet Rd., part of the site, great
number of Roman objects found here. Well 25ft. deep opened by ~
Rev. ©. Soames cir. 1860, filled with pottery fragments, oyster and
mussel shells, Samian ware, &c. Another well 40yds. away not |
opened. Great number of coins found in this field, also at Rectory
and in Churchyard. Marlborough Coll. Museum. W.A.M, vii. 121; |
xix. 85 5 XXii. 235; xxvi. 413. :
Coins of Allectus and Carausius, gold coin of Valens. WA. xix.85.
Bronze bracelet and pottery. Devizes Museum Café. IT. 237, 344.
Site of Upper Cunetio at Folly Farm, opposite Savernake Cottage |
Hospital on Forest Hill, E. of road up hill, irregular banks and
ditches, which Hoare thought Pre-Roman, and inside these “un- |
doubted remains of a Roman settlement with a portion of its square |
circumvallation with the usual rounded oorners.” Cremated inter-
ment under arch of brick, coarse mosaic pavements, bronze spoon,
and female statuette (A.W. Il. Roman Ara, 71, 72, Plate). Roman
well. O.Uf. 29 SW.
Stitchcombe, small freestone relief, figure in niche. Devizes Museum.
Cat. II. 273.
Roman Road to Cirencester coincides with modern road straight N.E.
from school at Mildenhall into Ogbourne St. George. O.4. 29 SW.
& NW.; A.W. II. Roman Ara, 92, plan.
By the Rev. E. H. Goddard. 289
Roman Road to Winchester runs from Folly Farm parallel with Grand
Avenue, on E. side of it. Fragment crosses Hungerford Rd. at 24
miles from Marlborough. O.J/.29NW. A,W.II. Roman ra, 67,
plan 91.
Roman Rd. Cunetio to Spine not traceable by Hoare. A.W. II. Roman
Aira, 35.
Saxon. Skeleton with pair of fine saucer brooches, pin, and number of
glass aud amber beads found 1827. H. Stoughton Money. W.A.JZ/.
Vi. 259; xxxvii. 611 figs. Devizes Museum.
MILSTON AND BRIGMERSTON.
Barrows.
1. Long barrow, Brigmerston Field, 4 mile W. of Nine Mile Water,
2 mile S. of Silk Hill. OJ 55 NW.; A.W. 1. Station VI.; Soe,
Ant. Map 241. See Appendix Long Barrows.
2—[21a.] On Silk Hill and to S.W. of it, W. of Nine Mile Water, O.J/.
55 N'W (1900) shows 21 round barrows (2—21a), one in Silk
Hill Plantation, 14 above the 400ft. contour line, 6 below this
line to S.W. of hill.
[21b.] O.M. 1883. Soc. Ant. Map shows an additional small barrow
touching S.E. edge of 8, numbered 166, not in O.J/. 55 NW.
1900.
A.W. I. Station VI. shows 30 round barrows here.
Soc. Ant. Map 145=2, 160—165=3—8, 167—170=9—12, 159=
13, 158=14, 157=15, 240=16, 172—175=17—20, 242=21
171=21a.
Of these barrows Hoare opened five which cannot be exactly
identified.
(a) Largest and most conspicuous barrow on the hill, contained
burnt bones on the floor of the barrow with small bronze knife
dagger in wooden sheath, 2 perforated whetstones, and a bronze
crutched and twisted pin. A.W. I. 194, Pl. XXIII.; Evans’
Bronze 336, fig. 448 ; Evans’ Stone 242; Arch. xliii. 467; Stowrhead
Cat. 117; W. Cunnington MSS. IV.17. Nearer the surface a
skeleton with iron spearhead. Saxon?
(b) Another large and conspicuous barrow, no interment found.
A.W. 1.194.
(c) Disc-shaped barrow without central mound, but beautifully
formed vallum. Interment of burnt bones some distance from
centre. Figd. as “ Barrow No. XI. A.W. I. 195.”
(d) Barrow with circular excavation at top, 15 (157). Small
cinerary urn filled with ashes only, standing upright, 5in. high,
bone object, flint flakes, and pyrites. A.W. I. 195; Evans’
Stone 252; Stourhead Cat, 124 c, d.
290 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities,
(e) Disc-shaped barrow, with very high vallum round it. Figd.
as “Barrow No. X.” Only animals’ bones found, no signs of
cremation.
In one of the barrows here was found by W. Cunnington, F.S.A.,
a broad flat bronze knife dagger with wooden handle and 31 rivets.
Evans’ Bronze 231, fig. 287; Arch. xliii. 458, Pl. XXXIV. 2; 1xi.
119, fig. 64; Stourhead Cat. 115, fig.; A.W. I. 195 note, Pl.
XXXITIL ; W.A.M. xxxvii. 98 (fig.)
22. howng barrow on Brigmerston Down, just S. of small earthwork
4 mile 8.E. of 23, 24. 122: 0.55 NW.; ; Soc. Ant. Map 183 ;
not in A.W. I. Station VI. Ge Appendix Lone Barrows.
23. Barrow just S. of line of Brigmerston Firs, within the plantation.
Opened by Lt.-Col. W. Hawley [No. 5]. 3 small cinerary urns
with burnt bones close together at the side. In centre, in shallow
bowl-shaped cist, burnt bones with a bone bead, and impress of
cloth in which bones had been wrapped. 0.1.55 NW.; W.A.J/.
Xxxvi. 620; Soc. Ant. Map 181. [This barrow is now just on the
edge of wood. 1913. M.E.C.]
24. Barrow close on N. side of last, actually on Figheldean boundary.
in the line of firs. Opened by Lt.-Col. W. Hawley [No. 7]. A
rectangular cist 3ft. deep with crouched skeleton, and pot or food
vessel. O.0f.55 NW.; W.A.M. xxxvi. 621 plan; Soc. Ant. Map
180.
24a. Barrow on the boundary on W. side of 24 opened by Lt.-Col.
W. Hawley. Nothingfound. W.A.I/. xxxvi. 621; O.,55NW;
Soc. Ant. Map shown but not numbered.
From a barrow at Brigmerston, no details known, a high-brimmed -
globose drinking cup found with red deer’s horn. Devizes
Museum Cat. II. x10; W.A.U. xxxv. 177.
On Milston Down and in track to N.E. of it between Nine Mile
River and the Hampshire border, O.J/. 55 N W. shows 23 (or 24 4)
round barrows and 2 Long barrows, not including Bulford 66
which is on the Bulford boundary to the S. O.J7 55 NW. 25
—41 are E. of the ditch.
25—27. Three barrows in line near together just W. of trackway and
E. of ditch, 8.E. of point where 6 tracks meet at the ditch. A.W.
I. Station Vis: Soc. Ant. Map 185—187.
28—30. Three Reno s in line near together E. of the last and just
S. or E. of a trackway in wooded ground. 28 liesalone, 29 and
30 close together to the N.E. [The northernmost (30) is a disc
barrow with the unusual feature of the ditch being outside the
vallum. 1913. M.E.C.] Soc. Ant. Map 188—190.
By the Rev. E. H. Goddard. 291
31. Long barrow just to E. of 30. Soc. Ant. Map 191. [A true Long
Barrow. M.E.C.] See Appendix Long Barrows.
32—34. Three barrows in line near together, E. of the last. Soc.
Ant. Map 192—194.
35--38. Group of 4 barrows near together close to Hampshire border
(38 actually on border) to N. of last. Soc. Ant. Map 195—198.
39, 40. Two Long barrows close together, 52yds. apart, close to
Hampshire border S.E. of 32—34. Soc. Ant. Map 278, 279 ;
A.W. I. Station VI. shows only one Long barrow here. See
Appendix Long Barrows.
41. Round barrow close to Hampshire border 8. of the Long barrows
and just N. of point where line of ditch cuts the border. Not
on Soc. Ant. Map, O.M. 1883. [Pole for electric wire planted in
centre of this barrow. 1913. M.E.C.]
42—50. W. of the ditch, and between it and the Nine Mile River
O.M. 55 NW. shows 9 barrows, 42—50, 8 of them near together,
and one (42) to S.W. This Jast is not marked as a barrow
(though shown on the map), or numbered in Soc. Ant. Map, on
which 275—277=43—45, 274=46, 271=47, 270=48, 272, 273
=49, 50.
51. Barrow really just on Hampshire side of boundary just S of
Dunch Hill plantation. O.17. 48 SW.; Soc. Ant. Map 199.
Earthworks. A bank and ditch coming from Sidbury Camp, running
S.W. through N. Tidworth to Dunch Hill Plantation in Figheldean,
and thence to Brigmerston Plantation, where it enters Milston, turns
at an angle S.E. and runs in this direction straight across the parish
to the Bulford boundary, where a ditch at right angles meets it. A
line of ditch roughly parallel starting from Dunch Hill and running
S. down the Hampshire border is shown by Hoare, A.W. I. Station
VI.; O.U. 55 NW.; Soc. Ant. Map 121.
Brigmerston Down. Small circular earthwork enclosure just N. of
small Long barrow 22, just W. of ditch. O.17. 55 NW.; Soc. Ant.
Map 182.
Milston Down. Small nearly square enclosure just on W. side of ditch
4 mile S. of the last, E. of Nine Mile Water. O.17.55 NW. Soc.
Ant. Map 184.
Finds, Bronze Age. Fragment of bronze spearhead with lunate openings
in blade. Brigmerston Down. British Museum. WA... xxxvi.
627.
Bronze, socketed spear head with loops at base of blade and engraved
ornament on socket. Brigmerston Down. Brit. Museum. W.A.I/.
XXXVil., 627 fig. BI. Guide to Bronze Age fig. 74.
Bronze dagger, small blade with strong midrib. Brigmerston Down.
British Museum. W.A.J/, xxxvii., 122.
292 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities. —
MILTON LILBOURNE.
Barrows.
Group of 5 barrows (1—5) close together 4 mile N.E. of Milton Hill
Farm, another (6) a little distance to E. near Easton boundary.
OM. 42 NW.; A.W. I. 190, Station VL; W.A. xxii. 236.
[Group in good condition, not ploughed. All except disc barrow
(1) seem to have been opened. 1913. M.E.C.]
1. Fine disc barrow with two mounds within the vallum, at N.W.
corner of group.
2. Fine bell-shaped barrow almost touching FE. side of last.
3. Small bowl-shaped barrow. [Impinging on banks of both bell
barrows (2 and 4) and obviously thrown up after them. M.E.C.]
» Fine bell-shaped barrow on S. side of 3. ;
Small bowl-shaped barrow a little E. of 1—4.
Bowl-shaped barrow about 4 mile KE. of 1— 5, near Easton boundary.
oop
7. Fyfield Down S.E. of Milton Hill Clump. “Giant’s Grave” Long
Barrow. Opened by Thurnam 1865. 0.Jf. 42 NW.; A.W. I. 190,
Station VI. See Appendix Long Barrows.
8. Barrow E. of Milton Wood in S. extremity of parish near Everley
boundary. O.1f. 42 SW.; A.W. I. Station VI.
Earthworks. On the E. side of Martinsell Camp are rows of “Pit ©
dwellings.” O.1f. 36 NW.; A.W.II. 10. Several were opened by
W. Cunnington 1865, and B. H. Cunnington & Col. Dunn 1894, when
no relics of human occupation were found in them. W.A.M, xxviii.
256.
Finds, Neolithic. Flint barbed arrowhead. Evans’ Stone 348.
Roman. Broomsgrove Farm. Rom.-Brit. kilns just S.W. of farm, opened
by B. H. Cunnington 1893. Pots and querns found. 0.1. 36SW.;.
W.A.M, xxvii 294—301 fig.; xxxiil. 195; Devizes Museum Cat. II
Ta0—739a,
Extensive British village round “‘ Giant’s Grave” Long Barrow on
Fyfield Down 14 miles S. of village. .4.W. I. 190 Station VI. ; not
in O.Jf. 43 NW. [Mostly under cultivation. 1913. M.E.C.]
MONKTON DEVERILL.
Barrows.
1, 2. Two barrows near together + mile W. of Warminster—Shaftes-
bury Rd. at 7 miles from Warminster, 1 mile E. of Keysley
Farm, and just N. of the British Settlement. O.Jf. 57 SE.;
A.W. I. Station I.
3. Barrow on Keysley Down } mile S. of last, W. of Warminster—
Shaftesbury Rd. Opened, no record. O.M. 57 SE.; A.W. I.
Station I.
By the Rev. EH. H, Goddard. 293
4. Barrow just S.W. of Keysley Farm. Opened by Hoare, without
finding interment. O.M.57SE.; A.W.I. 45 Station I.
5. Barrow + mile 8.W. of last, just E. of track, close to parish boundary,
Opened by Hoare, burnt bones in shallow cist. O.Jf. 57 SE.;
A.W. I. 45 Station I.
[Other barrows “on the western declivity of the hill” were opened
by Hoare, but produced “ nothing worthy of remark.”]
6. [Ga] Barrow in N.W. corner of parish, S.E. of Cold Kitchen Hill,
S. of Boars Bottom, 4 mile W. of corn mill on Wily Stream.
O.M. 57 NE. 6 is probably the most Easterly of 3 barrows
shown by Hoare, A.W. I. Station I., E. of the ditch here. [6a]
to the W. of it is not on O.J2.57 NE. The third is in Kingston
Deverill (1).
Roman. On Keysley Down about ? mile EK. of Keysley Farm, W. of
Warminster—Shaftesbury Rd. a large British settlement with many
banks and signs of cultivation. Hoare found pottery and animals’
bones. 0.17.57 NE.; A.W. 1. 49 Station I.
MONKTON FARLEIGH.
Barrows.
1. A large round barrow close to Kingsdown Plantation, near N.
boundary of parish. O.17. 32 NW.
Earthworks. Wansdyke. Hoare A.W. II. 16—33 Station X. traces its
whole course with plan, and discusses other writers’ accounts.
Collinson says it comes from Portishead, Hoare cannot trace its
existence beyond Maes Knoll Camp, 8.E. of Bristol. Thence by
Stantonbury Camp, Englishcombe to Cross Keys turnpike—then a
gap—fragments in Prior Park, Bath, nothing at Claverton—from
Bathampton Camp it descends to cross Avon—lost again —reappears
on Farleigh Down—but between Farleigh Clump and Morgans Hill
no trace of it as a ditch. Hoare believes that it is later than the
Roman Road and in this part of its course, it appropriated the exist-
ing Roman Road as a part of its line of demarkation.
Stukeley regarded it asa Belgic boundary, Hoare believes it Saxon,
A.W. II. 16—80, 27, 28. It always has its deutch to the north.
Hoare believes Maes Knoll, Stantonbury, and Bathampton Camps
+o be later additions to the Dyke. Coming out of Somerset about
imile N. of the Manor House, Monkton Farleigh, it forms N.
boundary of the parish throughout. O.Jf. 32 NW.; W.A.M. xx.
70, 72.
Roman. Roman Road, see Wansdyke, above.
* About a pecks weight” of coins of Antonine period found in a jar,
1826, in plantation called Inwoods at Farley Wick, vila Huge blocks
of hewn stone. W.A.W. xx. 72.
294 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
NETHERAVON.
Barrows.
1—S. [8a—S3d.] Just S.E. of Newfoundland Farm. O.U. 47 SW.
shows 3 small barrows close together. A.W. I. 178 Station V-
North shows group of 7 small barrows. Soc. Ant. Map 136—138.
[The 7 mounds still exist ; 5 are quite distinct, the other 2 very
faint. 1913. M.E.C.]
4. A large barrow just N. of the last. O.Jf. 47 SW.; A.W. I. 178.
Station V. North; Soc. Ant. Map 135. [Large round barrow
much spread by former cultivation, now down to grass. 1913.
M.E.C.]
5. Barrow 3 mile E. of the group of three(1—3). O.Jf. 47SW.;
A.W. I. Station V. North; Soc. Ant. Map 141.
6. Long barrow N.E. of Robin Hood Ball and Netheravon Bake.
O.M. 54 NW.; A.W. I. Station V. North; Soc. Ant. Map 139.
See Appendix Long Barrows.
7. Round barrow just 8. of the Long Barrow. OU. 54 NW.; A.W.
I. Station V. North; Soc. Ant. Map. 140.
8. Barrow on Figheldean boundary in Robin Hood Ball plantation
4 mile SW. of last. O.Jf. 54 NW. ; A.W. I. Station V. North ;
Soc. Ant. Map 229.
Earthworks. Hoare notes bank and ditch near group of barrows 1—3.
A.W. 1. 178 Station V. North. Not in O.Y/.
Roman. In the grounds of Netheravon House Lt.-Col. W. Hawley and
Rev. G. H. Engleheart uncovered, 1907, a small room about 13ft.
square, plainly paved with red and white tessere, with not very
definite wall foundations, the ground round seemed to have been
disturbed and no extensions could then be found, and the work of
excavation was never completed. A “bath” 5ft. x 5ft. x 2ft. deep.
is said to have adjoined the room.
In the same grounds a hoard of bronze coins found many years ago, of
which no record.
NETTLETON.
Barrows.
1. Lugbury Long Barrow, called by Hoare “ Littleton Drew Long
Barrow,” # mile E. of Nettleton, 200 yds. W. of Fosse Way, N.
of Fosse Farm,-near Littleton Drew boundary. Standing on
E. end one large slab leaning against two uprights. Opened
Hoare 1821, and Thurnam 1854. 0.1.19 NW.; A.W. IL. 1023.
W.A.W. III. 164. See Appendix Long Barrows.
{1a.] Aubrey says “neer to this stone (on Lugbury) was a little round
barrow, before it was ploughed away since A.D. 1630.”
Roman. Fosseway runs from 8.W. to N.E. for 2 miles through the parish,
forming boundary for short distance near Fosse Bridge. O.U/. 19:
NW. & NE.
uy
4
}
“|
By the Rev. EL, H. Goddard. 295
At Nettleton Shrub (or Scrub) about 2 mile S.E. of Nettleton, close to
Fosseway, a lime kiln built 1912 on site of Roman building, walls
and pennant flooring found, with pottery, iron key, and good relief
of Diana and hound, now at Castle Combe Manor. O.M. 19 NW.;
Proc. Bath Branch Som. Arch. Soc., 1912, p. 177; WAM. xxxviii.
113 fig.
NEWNTON, LONG.
Roman. Fosseway forms §.E. boundary of parish for short distances but
the parish extends irregularly across its line, the only parish in this
part of Wilts that does so. O.U. 8 NW.; A.W. II. Roman tra,
98 plan. :
NEWTON SOUTH.
Barrows.
1. “Newton Barrow” just W. of Salisbury—Devizes Rd 44 miles from
Salisbury. Opened by Hoare 1805, had been opened before.
Skeleton in deep grave, had been disturbed before, bones stained
with bronze object which had gone. Amber bead and necklace
of perforated wolves’ teeth. O.J/. 60 SW.; A.W. 1. 214, Station
V. South ; Stourhead Cat. 206, 206a, jig.
[1a, b.] Two small flat barrows “on the apex of the adjoining hill.’”
Opened by Hoare, had been opened before, nothing found. A. W.
J. 214; not in O.W. 60 SW., or A.W. I. Station V.\ South.
Earthworks. Hoare says the ditch coming from Hamshill Ditches in
Barford and winding along S. side of Grovely crosses Wylye River
at Chilhampton and crosses Devizes—Salisbury Rd. between 19th
and 20th milestones and oninto Woodford. A.W. 1.110, 214, Stations
IV. V.; not in 0. 66 NW.
Finds, Neolithic. Chipped flint celt, 2 rough adze-shaped chipped celts,
serapers, flakes, fabricator, and quartzite rubber. Blackmore Museum.
Roman. The line of the Rd. from Old Sarum to the W. cuts across parish
between Folly Farm and Chilhampton Farm. Nothing visible. O.1/.
66 NW.
NEWTON TONY.
Barrows.
[la—te.] 5 barrows in a line about 14 miles S. of Wilbury Ho. “in
a shallow vale immediately under the hills to the S.E.” much
ploughed down. Opened by Cunnington 1807. 3 bowl-shaped,
2 disc shaped.
(1) Bowl-shaped. 74ft.in diam, 3ft. 9in. high. An oblong cist
with burnt bones and bronzeawl. Over the cist was the skeleton
of a dog.
(2) Bowl-shaped. 69ft.in diam. 4ft. high. Burnt bones only.
296 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
(3) Dise or flat barrow. Burnt bones.
(4&5) Had been opened before Cunnington’s time.
Not in 0.1. 61 NW. or NE. ; not apparently in A.W. I. Station
V. South. May possibly have been in Allington or Boscombe.
[1f—1t.] A.W. I. Station V. South shows 1 barrow at ‘‘ Benson’s
Folly ” now Tower Hill, on the Hampshire border, 12 miles S.E.
of Newton Tony village ; a group of 8 close together, also on the
county boundary a little to the N. of this, two of the barrows
being in Hampshire ; a group of seven close together just to the
S.W. of the last, all these being S. of the line of the Portway and.
modern railway ; a single barrow just N. of the line. None of
these in 0.4.61 NE.
[Barrow at Milborough Wood on Cholderton border, see Cholderton
(2). OW. 555SW.
[Group of 9 barrows called “ Newton Barrows” in A.W. I. Station V.
South, see Amesbury (76—84). O.//. 61 NW.
Roman. The line of the Portway runs parallel with and on N. side of
L. & S.W.R. for about 2 miles through parish, leaving the county at
Hampshire Gap. O.J/. 61 NW. & NE. ; A.W. I. Station V. South ;
II. Roman Ara, 46 plan.
NO MAN’S LAND, near REDLYNCH.
Finds, Neolithic. Polished flint celt ifonnd 1908 at Dazell. lLiven’s
Hist. of No Man’s Land.
NORMANTON, see WILSFORD.
NORTON (Nortu WItvs).
Roman. Fosse Way forms N.W. boundary of parish. O.U. 12 NE.;
A.W. II. Roman Afra, 46 plan.
NORTON BAVANT.
Barrows. ; =
Scratchbury Camp. A.W. I. 68, '70, Plan shows and describes 7 barrows
within the camp, but Station II. shows only 6. O.17.52SW.
shows 4 only (1—4), but indicates also No. 6 of Hoare though _
it does not mark it “Tumulus.” All these barrows were opened
for Miss Benet, of Norton House. The second numbers in
brackets are Hoare’s.
1. (1) Large low barrow in centre of camp. Burnt bones with small
bronze knife dagger, part of bronze pin with round flat head and
twisted stem, a bronze awl (?) twisted like a screw, over 50 beads
and a “large ring” of amber. Close by a pile of ashes with
fragments of burnt bone. These objects were preserved at
Norton House but are now lost. O.Jf. 52 SW.; A.W.I. 70;
Arch. xliii. 466 jig. 167, 468 fig. 169 ; Evans’ Bronze 369 jig. 455.
5?
F
Ae
? ,
|
|
By the Rev. EZ. H. Goddard. 297
_ 2. (2) Barrow at N.E. corner of camp. Burnt bones with 3 bone
implements, one part of a wristguard, another a pointed polished
implement. Devizes Museum. O.J/. 52 SW.; A.W. I. 70;
Stourhead Cat. 19a, 19b.
3. (3) Barrow just W. of the last. Nothing found. O.Jf 52 SW.;
A.W. I. 70.
[4] (7) Large barrow at S.W. corner of camp, 100ft. diam. x 123ft.
high. No interment found, but stags’ horn fragments, boars’
teeth, charcoal, and great quantity of burnt stones. O.1.52SW.;
A.W. I. 70.
[4a.] (6) Small barrow in extreme S.E. corner of camp on inner edge
of rampart, indicated on 0.17.52 SW. but not marked “Tumulus.”
Nothing found.
[4b, c.] Nos. 4and 5 of Hoare, small barrows on inside of rampart on
S.W. side between 4 and [4a], not shown on 0.1. 52 SW.
No. 4 produced nothing, No. 5 an interment of burnt bones.
5—10. Group of 6 barrows near together on down half-way between
Scratchbury and Cotley Hill, mile E. of railway. O.2/.52 SW.
Only 5 shown in A.W.1. Station II. Some of them opened by
W. Cunnington contained “chiefly interments of burnt bones”
and a great deal of “rude British pottery.” A flat barrow 50ft.
diam. < 14ft. high contained large urn inverted over bones im-
perfectly burnt. A small barrow 40ft. diam. x 23ft. high, con-
tained burnt bones in a cist. No further details. A.W. I. 71.
11. Large barrow? on summit of Cotley Hill $ mile S.E. of last, on
boundary of Heytesbury, within a circular earthwork, opened by
W. Cunnington 1801. No interment found, butiron nails, Roman
pottery, &c. O.M.52 SW.; A.W. I. 71, Station II.
12. Another barrow S. of last, on slope of hill, O.Jf 52 SW.; not
in A.W. I. Station IT.
13. Norton Down 14 mile N.E. of Scratchbury. Long barrow lying
E.and W. Opened by Thurnam 1866. O.1.52NW.; A.W.1.
Station II.; Arch. xlii. 180, 195. See Appendix Long Barrows.
14. Middleton Down, 4 mile W, of (13) on point facing Middle Hill,
Long barrow not opened by Hoare. O.1/.52 NW.; A.W. I. 67,
Station II. See Appendix Long Barrows.
Earthworks. Scratchbury Camp, irregular shape, single deep ditch with
high rampart inside and slight rampart outside on three sides. Three
entrances. Area 40 acres. Circuit 1 mile 86 yards. Greatest height
of rampart 66ft. (Hoare). An inner roughly circular earthwork in
centre of camp on the highest point of the hill, much ploughed down.
O.M. 52 NW.; A.W.1. 70, plan, Station II.
VOL. XXXVIII.—NO. CXx. x
298 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
Cotley Hill. Circular vallum diam. 160 yds. with ditch inside bank.
S.W. side tolerably perfect in Hoare’s days, remainder defaced by
ploughing. A barrow in centre(11). A.W.1. 71.
Old ditch running N.W.—S.E. from Bishopstrow Down crosses parish
N. of Middleton and Norton Downs, roughly S. of and parallel with
Warminster—Salisbury Road and near N. boundary of parish. O.J/.
52 NW.; A.W. I. Station IT.
Finds, Neolithic. 2 ground celts, one of flint, and one of black stone,
found in Scratchbury Camp. A.W. I. 70; Stourhead Cat. 11, 19.
Roman. Cotley Hill, S.E. of Scratchbury. Pottery, Samian, &c., iron
nails, flue tiles, d&c., in mound and depressions on the down. A.W.
Its 7.
Scratchbury Camp. Bronze spoon, 1804. J. Benett Stanford.
Seratchbury Camp. Coins. W.A.MW. xxxiv. 272.
In field called “ Blacklands” many Roman remains, no details. A.W.
I. 96.
Roman urn, 1856. W-.A.d/. III. 267.
NUNTON AND BODENHAM.
Earthworks. Clearbury Ring. Part of the camp is in this parish but
the larger part in Standlynch and Charlton q.v. O.W. 71 SE.
Grimsditch running west out of Standlynch crosses the southern part
of Nunton and Bodenham, and so west into Odstock, &c. O.1f. 71
SE.; A.W. I. 282, Station VII. : Anccent Harthworks of Cranborne
Chase. Plan.
OAKSEY.
Earthworks. Norwood Castle, a small mount and bailey earthwork of —
Norman period in field adjoining Dean Farm. OJ. 4 SW.
OARE.
Finds, Late Celtic. At Withy Copse, on N. side of Martinsell Camp,
just within parish boundary, a midden 63ft. X 43ft., of from 50 B.C.
to 50 A.D., opened 1907, 1908, by Mr. and Mrs. B. H. Cunnington.
Quantities of animals’ bones and pottery, including imported Arretine
and Gaulish wares, but no Samian. Bronze brooches, bone weaving
comb, iron sickle-shaped keys, arrowhead, nails, &c. Devizes Museum
Cat. II. 848—878; W.A.M. xxxvi. 125 jigs.
ODSTOCK.
Barrows.
[la—1o.] A.W. I. Station VII. shows two groups of barrows, 4 and
5, just N. of Grimsditch, S. of Homington, apparently in Odstock,
as well as a group of 6 small barrows close together just S. of the
ditch. None of these are shown on O.Jf. 71 SW. & SE.
By the Rev. HL. H. Goddard. 299
Earthworks. Grimsditch running W. through Standlynchfand Nunton
crosses the southern end of Odstock and so to the county boundary
in Coombe Bissett. 0.1.71 SE. & SW.; A.W. 1. 232, Station VIL. ;
Ancient Harthworks of Cranborne Chase, plan.
Remains of camp in Odstock Copse on Odstock Down 4 mile N.W. of
Clearbury. Single bank and ditch except on E. where a berm pro-
jects with two outer banks and ditches. Area probably about 10
acres. Cultivated before 1894, when it was planted with trees.
O.M. 71 SE.; Harly Wars of Wessex 12, 29, plan; Ancient Harth-
works of Cranborne Chase, 28, 33 plan.
Finds, Neolithic. Flint scrapers, &c. Blackmore Museum.
OGBOURNE ST. ANDREW.
Barrows.
Rockley. A line of barrows along S. or W. side of Marlborough Rd.
in plantations and meadows of Rockley House. Smith p. 198,
XIV. L. Il. f. g. hi. k. [It is difficult to identify these with
the 6 shown on O.//|
1. (f) Large barrow at N. end of plantation opened 1879, marks of
cremation only found. O.J/. 28 NH.
2. (g) Large barrow in plantation just S. of last. Opened 1879 by
Wilts Arch. Soc. Nothing found. O.Jf. 28 NE.
3. (h) Large barrow in plantation. O.J/. 28 NE.
4. (i) Large barrow in plantation to S. of last. O.Jf. 28 NE.
[4a.] (k) Low tumulus ?a barrow, close to (1), apparently not shown
on O..
Following the road 8. Smith p. 199, XIV. L. IV. b, e, d, ¢, shows
4 barrows on W. side of the cross roads. Apparently b and d
are shown on the O.J/,, in the plantation, and not the others.
5. (b) Large bowl barrow with ditch, 110ft. diam. 7ft. high, opened
1879 by H. Cunnington. In centre a grave 6ft. x 4ft. x 34ft-
deep, lined with flat sarsens, containing a crouched skeleton
with flat sarsens over it, covered with a large cairn of sarsens
within which in cists prepared for them were two cinerary
urns standing upright containing burnt bones, and the fragments
of a small food vessel probably broken before it was placed in
the barrow. ‘These interments were apparently made at the time
of the erection of the barrow. Urns in Devizes Museum. O./.
28 NE.; W.A.W. xix. 67—69 figs. ; Smith p. 200; Ar. xlili. 457.
6. (d) Large bowl-shaped barrow in plantation. Notopened. OM.
28 NE. 4
[6a.] (e) Low bowl-shaped barrow in plantation. Not in 0./.
[6b.] (c) ToS. ofthese, in meadow E. of Rockley House, bowl-shaped
barrow, not opened. Not in 0.1.
300 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
Rockley. On N. (or E.) side of Wootton Bsssett—Marlborough
Rd.a group of 5 barrows is shown by Smzth p. 197, XIV. L. III.
a, b,c, d, e, near together. O.J/, 28 NE. shows only 4 of these.
7. (a) Low wide bowl-shaped barrow, 3ft. high, no ditch, opened 1879
by H. Cunnington and Rev. A.C. Smith. In centre over a small
cist, an urn inverted over burnt bones, near it a fine flint scraper.
Much wood ashes on floor of barrow. 1ft. below surface of barrow
a layer of small sarsens covering a heap of burnt bones and ashes.
To N. of this just under surface of barrow a skeleton with fine
leaf-shaped flint arrowhead. OJ/.28 NE.; W.A.M. xix. 70, 71,
Jigs. ; Smith p. 197 figs.
8. (b) Bowl-shaped, no ditch. Opened, norecord. O.Jf. 28 NE.
[8a.] (c) Small low bowl-shaped,with ditch, opened by H. Cunnington,
1879. Cist 24ft. diam. X 10in. deep contained burnt bones
and ashes only. In the body of the mound the fragments of a
small'idrinking cup found, not accompanied by any interment.
Smith 198; W.A.M. xix. 70.
9. (d) Tall and fine bell-shaped barrow, with large raised lip, and
large ditch. Opened, no record. O.d/. 28 NE.; Smith, p. 198.
10. (e) Large low, ploughed-down barrow, to N. of (d). Opened, no
record. O.M. 28 NE.
On down E. of Rockley, W. of Ogbourne Maizey Rd., a small low
barrow, no ditch, not opened. Notin O.1f. Snwth p.198, XIV.
L. III. m.
11. Ogbourne St. Andrew Churchyard.. A large barrow, 11ft. high.
Opened 1885 by H. & W. Cunnington. About 20 skeletons at
depth of 2—3 feet, probably medieval interments. Near the
centre, at depth of 5ft., a skeleton in wooden coffin with iron’
clamps, Saxon ? with much wood ashes round it. At 7ft. a heap
of burnt bones which had been wrapped ina cloth and placed on
a plank of wood, with a well-made flint knife. 1 yardawaywas |
a small rude food vessel. On the floor of the barrow wood ashes ~
were scattered, and remains of planks of wood, and atrench6or
7 feet long lined with wood. A fine leaf-shaped flint arrowhead
found near the top, and several flint implements and sarsen
mullers in the body of the mound. 0.2.29 NW.; W.A.U/. xxii.
345 ; Smith p. 198, XIV. M. III. a.; A.W. IL. Stations XI. XII.
12. Smeathe’s Ridge. Small barrow just on parish boundary S. of
track 1 mile S.E. of Barbury Castle. O.d/. 22 SE. ; Smith p.
THONG SMIUUL, Wats es
13. Very large bowl-shaped barrow on crest of down, 13 mile S.E. of
last, just S. of track and Ogbourne St. George boundary and E
of Smeathe’s Plantation. O.d/. 23 SW.; Smeth p. 191, XIII. L,
I. b.; A.W. II. Stations XI. XII.
By the Rev. HE. H. Goddard, . 301
14. S.E. of Barbury Hill, midway between Barbury Castle Farm and
Four Mile Clump, large bow]-shaped barrow, no ditch. Opened,
norecord. 0.7.22 SE. ; Smith p. 191, XIII. K. IL. b. (29); A.W.
II. Stations XI. XII.
15. Ogbourne Maizey Down 3 mile S.W. of the last,a small barrow on
K. side of track. 0. y. 22 SE. ; not in Smith’s Map; A.W. IT
Stations XI. XII.
16. 4 mile S.E. of the last a tumulus just W. of the track, doubtful if
it is a barrow. O.U. 22 SEH.; Smith p. 191, XIII. K. II. c;
A.W. II. Stations XI. XII. ?
17. 4% mile further S.E., W. of track, a small barrow. O.Jf 22 SE. ;
not in Smith’s Map; A.W. II. Stations XI. XII. ?
[17a.] On Lower Barn Hill (? in Ogbourne), about 1} mile S. of Bar-
bury Castle, and S. of Barbury Barn, Smith p. 191 XIII. K. IL. a.
shows a low flat barrow. Opened, no record. Not in O.1/.
18. Coombe Down. Bowl-shaped barrow near boundary of Ogbourne .-
St. George. No ditch. 0.1.23 SW. ; Smzth p. 191, XIII. M. IT. a.
19. Ruined cromlech, or kistvaen, on N. side of Temple Bottom Barn, .
now entirely destroyed. Site marked on 0.1. 28 NE. ; Smith
p. 195, XIV. K. III. a. See Appendix Long Barrows.
This was the chamber at the East end of a Long Barrow. It was
excavated by the Rev. W. C. Lukis and the Rev. A. C. Smith
1861. On the floor of the chamber was charcoal, and human
bones, some calcined, and some unburnt, with a stone muller and
a bone chisel, now at Devizes. Proc. Soc. Ant. Jan., 1866; Smith
p. 196, figs., XIV. K. III. a.; A.W. II. 42.
20. Above and to HE. of Wick Bottom Barn a low wide ee no
ditch. Opened, no record. 0.1. 28 NE. ; Smith p. 187, XIV.
K. III. b.
[20a.] To E. ofthisand on further side of long plantation a very low
indistinct barrow, no ditch. Opened, no record. Not in 0.1.
Smith p. 197, XIV. K. III. c.
Ridgeway forms parish boundary on N. to the W. of Barbury. O.M/. 22
SE.
Earthworks. Barbury Castle, half in this parish, see Wroughton. O.J/.
22 SE.
Just N. of Wootton Bassett Rd. 4 miles from Marlborough at Dean
Bottom, large square enclosure with banks and cultivation enclosures
round. O.M. 22 SE.
Indistinct enclosures N. of Barbury Castle Farm. O.Y. 22 SE.
Roughly rectangular enclosure, with bank and ditch, the former highest
at the corners, on Ogbourne Down, N.E. of Training Course opposite
Rockley, close to Rd. from Ogbourne Maizey. O.M. 28 NE.; Smith
XIV. L. II. 1.
S. of this a bank with ditch-to S. comes down from the down andruns
from N.E. to W. 14 miles across Marlborough— Wootton Bassett Rd.
302 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities,
and the group of barrows justSN. of Rockley plantation. OJ. 28
NE.; A.W. II. 40, Stations XI., XII.
Finds, Neolithic. Flint implements. Rockley. J. W. Brooke.
Finds, Bronze Age. On Smeathes Ridge, a skeleton and fragments of
drinking cup or food vessel found by flint-diggers 1913. No sign of
a barrow. A. D. Passmore.
Bronze socketed looped celt. Temple. J. W. Brooke. Reliquary,
Xlv. 248 fig.
Very small bronze knife dagger, much worn, 2 rivets, lin. long, found
casually by roadside in flint heap at Rockley 1908. H.J.G. Hole.
Man March 1909, 39 fig.; W.A.IL. xxxvi. 142.
Bronze awl, 23in. long, with spindle whorl. Wick Bottom. J.W. Brooke.
Roman. Coins and pottery found 1892, 1 mile W. of Ogbourne Maizey,
nr. track 8. of Park Barn. O.1. 29 NW.; W.A.M/. xxvi. 412.
In Coweroft, bronze nail-cleaner and tweezers combined. 1906. J. W.
Brooke.
Earthwork enclosures between Barbury Castle and Farm no doubt
site of British village. [Rom.-Brit. pottery, nails, bronze brooch, &c.,
on Down just S.W. of Camp. M.E.C |
OGBOURNE Sr GEORGE.
Barrows.
1. Gipsy Lane, 4 mile N. of Herdswick Farm, a wide low barrow
ploughed down just S. of lane. OJ. 23 SW.; Smzth p. 191.
XIII. L. I. e. [For barrow on opposite side of lane see Chisel-
don. |
2. mile E. of this, a high bowl-shaped barrow in S. hedge of lane E.
of Draycot—Ogbourne Road. O.Jf. 23 S.W.; Smith p. 191.
XIII. M. I. a.
3. Coombe Down. 4 mile W. of Ogbourne St. George, a very large
bowl-shaped barrow on highest point of hill. OJ 23 SW. ;
Smith p. 192 XIII. M. II. b; A.W. II. Stations XI., XII.
4,5. Church Hill, 3 mile N.E. of village, 2 large barrows close |
together much ploughed down. O.M. 23 SW.; A.W. II. 38;
Smith p. 219. XVII. N. IL. b, c. (b) was opened by J. W. Brooke |
Sept. 30th, 1909, an empty cist was found, the barrow having
been previously opened.
Earthworks. On Church Hill near barrows 4 and 5 a small square
earthwork with entrance to N. Below this a bank and ditchand |
nearer base of hill a bank and ditch follow the line of the hill N.
through Ogbourne St. George and Aldbourne to Liddington Castle.
O.M. 23 SW.; A.W. IL. 38, Stations XI., XII.
On Round Hill Down a ditch runs W. to EH. from the British settlement —
into Aldbourne parish. O.J/. 23 SW.
In woods 14 mile E. of Ogbourne St. George village between Moore’s
Wood and Yielding Copse a ditch runs N. and 8. O.J/, 23 SE.
By the Rev. H. H, Goddard. 303
Finds, Neolithic. Many chipped and ground flint celts, scrapers, knives,
a long leaf-shaped arrowhead, and arrow or javelin head of unusual
size. J. W. Brooke and A. D. Passmore.
Roman. British settlement on Round Hill Down, 14 mile N.E. of Ogbourne
St. George village. Hoare found Samian pottery, bronze brooch, &c.»
here. O.M.23 SW.; A.W. II. 39, Stations XI. and XII.
ORCHESTON ST. GEORGE.
Barrows.
1. Orcheston Down. N. of Church Pits, S.W. of Salisbury— Devizes
Rd. at 13 miles from Salisbury. O.J/. 46 SE.; A.W. I. Station
IIT. ; Soc. Ant. Map. 111.
2. Barrow 2 mile N. of Elston Hill, S.E. of Greenland Farm. O.J/.
53 NE.; A.W. I. Station III. ; Soc. Ant. Map 132.
3. Barrow in extreme N.E. corner of parish } mile 8. of Slay Down
Farm. 0.1. 47 SW.; not in A.W. I Station III. ; Soc. Ant. Map
112.
Earthworks, Ditch coming from East Down in Tilshead where it crosses
Old Ditch, runs over Orcheston Down pointing $.E. towards Winter-
bourne Stoke Down. Only partly shown on O.17. 46 SE ; A.W. I.
93, Station IIT.; 116, Station V.; Soc. Ant. Map 109.
Roman. British village at “ Church Pits” on Orcheston Down 3 mile N.
of Greenland Farm, W. of Rd. to Salisbury. O.Jf. 46 SE.; 4.W.
I. 93, 116, 175, Station V.; Soc. Ant. Map 131. Roman urn and
fragments of two others found at “Orcheston,” 1856. W A.J. iil.
268.
Saxon. Elston. Jron knife found with skeleton, 1856 (?Saxon). W.A.J/.
iii, 267.
ORCHESTON ST. MARY.
Barrows.
1. “Silver Barrow” on Orcheston Down just E. of Old Ditch, $ mile
S.E. of Tilshead Church. Oval, with ditches at sides. Opened
1801 by Mr. Tucker and Mr. Bartlett, of Tilshead. On a pave-
ment of rude stones the bones of about 7 persons were laid very
irregularly. With them is said to have been found an iron knife
and bone handle of Roman type and a vessel of lathe-turned
pottery, perhaps of Roman date. O.M/. 53 NE.; A.W. I. 93,
Station IIT.; Arch. xlii. 472, note; Soc. Ant. Map 128. [Hoare’s
description of this barrow does not in any particular agree with
its present appearance, which is that of a rather high and slightly
oval mound not at all like a Long Barrow. The ground round
it shows no sign of modern cultivation. The ditch is not very
distinct, but such as it is, it appears to go round the mound and
not end on either side as described by Hoare. Hoare describes it
minutely as having all the characteristics of a Long Barrow, side
304 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
ditches, &c. Is it possible that his description really refers to
some other barrow ? 1913. M.E.C.]
2. Round barrow S8.W. of Silver Barrow, close to line of Old Ditch.
OM. 53 NE.; A.W. 1. Station IIT. ; Soc. Ant. Map 127.
3. Barrow on West Down 14 mile E. of Tilshead Church, 1 mile N.E. |
of Silver Barrow, E of line of Old Ditch and Tilshead boundary,
just on W. side of track. O.Jf. 46 SE.; A.W. 1. Station IIL. ; not
numbered on Soc. Ant. Map.
4, 5. Two barrows on West Down, one (4) just W. of the ditch, the
other (5) to S.W. of this. O.J£.46SE.: A.W. I. Station III. ;
Soc. Ant. Map 129, 130. ;
Earthworks. Ditch running S.E. from Tilshead East Down past Barrow
4 on West Down and on to Winterbourne Stoke, only portions shown
on O.U/. 46 NE. ; A.W. I. 116, Station V.
Line of Old Ditch forms parish boundary on W. for 2 miles. O.Jf. 46 ©
SE. ; 53 NE.; Soc. Ant. Map 126.
Finds, Neolithic. West Down Camp. Ground axe perforated, of hard
stone. C. V. Goddard.
OVERTON, WEST.
Barrows. Overton Hill, “Seven Barrow Hill.”
1. S.of Bath Rd. and just E. of Ridgeway, a large bowl-shaped
barrow, without ditch, 75ft. diam. Opened by Hoare (No. 1.)
In grave in centre, a crouched skeleton which had been enclosed
in a tree trunk coftin (?) with bronze knife dagger, bronze
crutched spiral pin, and small flanged celt. Re-opened by
Thurnam, and skull figured in Cran. Brit x1.7. OMT. 28 SW. ;
A.W. II. 90; Arch. xliti. 466 fig. ; lxi. 121; Evans’ Bronze 51,
134; W.AU. vi. 329 ; Smith p. 167 XI. H. VI. k.
2. Just N. of the Bath Rd. a fine bowl-shaped barrow without ditch
70ft. diam. opened by Hoare (No. 2). Burnt bones and incense |
cup in centre 8ins. below floor of barrow. O.Jf. 28 SW.; A.M
TI. 90 ; Smith p. 167 XI. H. VI. i. .|
3. Just N. of this, a very large bell-shaped barrow, 110ft. diam. and
10ft. high. Opened by Hoare (No. 3). Burnt bones only in~
cist. O.M. 28 SW.; A.W. IL. 90; Smith p. 167 XI. H. VI. hb
This barrow with the two following is enclosed within a single
ditch of hour-glass shape. bl
[Sa.] The centre barrow, a very small one, 3ft. high, opened by |
Thurnam, 1854, contained burnt bones in a shallow cist with a —
bone pin 5in. long. Smith p. 166 XI. H. VI. g. Not shown ~ :
on O.M. ba
4. The third barrow of the triplet is a large bell-shaped barrow with - *
ditch, 105ft. diam. and 10ft. high, opened by Hoare (No. oo
contained a heap of burnt bones on the floor, with a bronze |
knife dagger and a bit of ivory belonging to its sheath ? Above —
Pr
By the Rev. LH. H. Goddard. 305
this, near the top, a large urn inverted over burnt bones. O.J/.
28 SW.; A.W. II. 90; Smith p. 166 XI. H. VI.f.; WAL.
vi. 380.
5. A little to N.E. of the triplet, a large bowl-shaped barrow with
slight ditch, opened by Hoare. (No. 5). Burnt bones in cist.
O.M. 28 SW.; A.W. II. 91; Smith p. 166, XI. H. vi. e.
[A. W. II. Stations XI. and XII. shows 5 barrows in the above
group. |
6, [Ga.—b.] Just N. of the junction of Roman Rd. with Ridgeway, both
Hoare and Thurnam mark a group of 8 (?) very small barrows ! or
“minature mounds.” ‘Thurnam opened two of them, found
nothing in one, and traces of burnt bone, with fragments of
bronze and pottery in the other. W.A.W. vi. 330. Smith and
O.M. 28 SW. mark only one, p. 165 XI. H. VI. d.; A. W.II.
70 plan, and Stations XI. & XII. show 4, including the next
barrow 7.
7. Close to this on the N. a very small low barrow. O.J/.; Smith p.
170 XJ. H. VI. o.
8. N. again and close to Ridgeway a bowl-shaped barrow, 67ft. diam.,
7ft. high, opened by Hoare (No. 6). Burnt bones on floor of
barrow, and above near the surface, a large urn inverted over
burnt bones, and a second heap of burnt bones alone. O.J/. 28
SW.; A.W. IL. 91 ; Smeth p. 165, XI. H. VI. ec.
Hoare notes several other “flat barrows” which he opened here.
All had been opened before, and nothing was found, but evidence
_ Of cremation in all of them. Notin O.Jf. or Smith’s map.
[8a.] N. again, a very small barrow formerly existed. Not in 0.7.
Smith p. 170 XI. H. VI. n.
[Sb.] Probably hereabouts stood the barrow mentioned by Aubrey.
“Opened in Kennet parish, Anno 1643, two stones eleven feet
long laid side by side, and a corps between, with a sword and
knife. Another like stone laid over all.” Stukeley Adbury, 45 ;
Smith p. 170 jig.
In one of the barrows on this hill Thurnam found a skeleton with
the fine drinking cup and perforated axe hammer of veined
stone now in the British Museum. Arch. xliii, 392, 410 figs. ;
Smith p. 168, 169 figs.
9. In the northern corner of the parish, just E. of Ridgeway, and N.
of the point where the track from Avebury to Rockley crosses
it, a small barrow, opened by Lean Merewether 1849(No. 6). An
oval cist in floor 2ft. x 13ft. x 2ft. deep, with burnt bones
covered with charcoal dust with which the cist was filled. In
the body of the mound fragments of pottery and animals’ bones.
Near the surface an urn. O.W. 28 NE.; Proc. Arch. Inst.
Salisbury p. 84; Smith p. 134 X. H. IV. q.
[9a—c.] N. of this, and near Ridgeway, 3 very low indistinct barrows
close together. Not in OW, unless a barrow shown on W.
306 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiqutties.
edge of Ridgeway on Avebury boundary, is one of them. See
Avebury (44). Smith p. 135 X. I. IV. a, b, .
10. In the belt on White Hill 3 mile S.E. of Church, a barrow. Not
shown by Smith. O.M. 28 SE.
11. “Bytham Barrow,” large wide bowl-shaped barrow, ploughed
down, just W. of belt and 200 yds. S. of the last. O.Jf 28 SE. ;
Smith p. 172, XI. I. VI. a.
12. Barrow in “ Barrow Copse” on S. edge of West Woods, 8. of
Wansdyke. Large, bowl-shaped. Not opened. O.Jf. 35 NE. ;
Smith p. 210 XVI. K. VIL. b.
Stone Circle. “Aubrey mentions as existing in a lane leading from
Kennett to Marlborough, and fallen down, ‘ Hight huge large stones in
a circle which never could be by chance, and besides they are rudely
hewen.’” A.W. Il. 96; W.A.M. xix. 55. Smith p. 173 says “The
only spot where I find any remains of sarsens which might once have
formed a circle is near the village of Overton.”
Earthworks. Wansdyke enters S.W. extremity of parish and runs past
Shaw Farm, where it is very strong, into the centre of West Woods
and the parish boundary. O.J/. 35 NE.
Ditch crosses Ridgeway in N. corner of parish running E.& W. O.J.
28 NE.
Ridgeway forms whole W. boundary of Overton along crest of Hackpen
Hill. O.M, 28 SW.; A.W. IL. 46.
Finds, Neolithic. Pick Rudge 1848. Large flint arrowhead and re-
markable ground oblong “ flaying knife” found together. Blackmore
Museum: Arch. Journ. xii, 285; Evans’ Stone fig, 255; W.AJIL.
JOULE, 7.
Muller found with interment under large sarsen in Piggle Dean.
Devizes Museum Cat. I1. X95a.
Finds, Bronze Age. Small urn about 5in. high, with two ears, which
contained charcoal, found about 2ft. 6in. deep in West Woods. T.
Leslie ; A. D. Passmore Coll.
Roman Road to Cunetio, a fragment of its course on Overton Hill, E. of
Ridgeway N. of Marlborough Rd. O.J/. 28 SW.
PEWSEY.
Barrows.
1. Pewsey Hill. A barrow 3 mile W. of Winters Penning just S. of
Marlborough—Andover Rd. O.M. 41 NW.
[A.W. Station VI. marks 4 barrows apparently on this down. ]
2. Pewsey Down. Barrow 3 mile W. of Bouverie Penning. O.Jf. 42
SW.
3—10. InS.E. corner of parish W. of Everley Ashes Wood and 8.
or W. of Marlborough Rd. near Down Farm, a group of 8 bar-
rows close together. Hoare opened 4, and figures 2 of them
By the Rev. LH. H. Goddard. 307
amongst examples of barrows. One sharply conical witha ditch,
is his No. 8, it contained burnt bones in deep cist in the chalk,
and above this another large deposit of burnt bones with a very
small bronze knife dagger. This was apparently an “oval”
barrow. Another long low barrow surrounded by a circular
ditch and having the appearance of three mounds in a row, is
figured as No. 12. This was opened and under the easternmost
mound were burnt bones with 2 jet beads, bronze awl, and frag-
ments of a “very rude little cup.” The two smallest of the
bowl-shaped barrows were opened at the same time. In one no
interment was found, in the other a crouched skeleton. O.J/.
42 SW.; A.W. I. 191 Station VI.
Earthworks. In extreme N. corner of parish, Martinsell Camp, oblong
square, single vallum and ditch, no signs of habitation discovered by
Hoare. Area 3l acres. (The rows of pits on the E. side of the camp
are in Milton Lilbourne.) From the N.E. angle of the camp a strong
bank and ditch run west, in Pewsey and over Wilcot boundary (q.v.).
OM. 35 NE.; 36 NW.; 365W.; A.W. IL. 9, 10, plan.
On Pewsey Hill, 2 miles S.E. of town (apparently ?) Hoare shows two
circular earthworks with slight vallum and ditch outside, connected
together by a ditch. In the westerly one pottery and animals’ bones
found. O.U/. 42 NW.,SW.; A.W.1. 191, Station VI.
On Everley boundary, just S. of barrows 3—10 Hoare describes an
oblong earthwork 200ft. x 150ft., with vallum perfect on 3 sides,
destroyed on §. All round it a British village A.W. I. 190,
Station VI. O.df 42 SW. shows a bank only as forming parish
boundary on N. side of barrows, Everley 1—4.
Finds, Paleolithic? Greensand object like Paleolithic Celt found in
making railway cutting, 1862. Devizes Museum. JW.A.J. xxxvil.
497.
Finds, Neolithic. Chipped flint celt, and ground flint celt Devizes M.
Cat. I. 32. A very large ground celt of grey stone, and a long and
narrow one of black stone said to be from “‘ Pewsey Vale,” Bath
Museum. A very fine ground flint celt, one of the largest found in
Wilts, S. B. Dixon Coll. Stone celt hollowed at the sides. W.A.M.
xix. 98.
Finds, Bronze Age. Bronze celt from Martinsell. W.A.d/. xix. 24.
Late Celtic. Midden at Withy Copse, see Oare.
Roman. British village at Pewsey Gorse near Everley boundary. A.W.
I. 190, Station VI.
PITTON AND FARLEY.
Barrows.
{la.—c.] A.W. I. Station VII.; I]. Rom. ra plan, shows at
‘Crows’ Rump” two round and one Long or oval barrow close
together, just S. of the Roman Rd, apparently at Winterslow
corner ; not marked in 0.J/, 67 NW., on which the spot is
called “ Piccadilly Clump.” See Appendix Long Barrows.
308 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
PRESHUTE.
Barrows.
1. Manton Down, 4 mile N.W. of Manton House, E. of track, a fallen
cromlech, witb part of the mound, a Long Barrow, which once
covered it, and some of the stones which surrounded the mound.
The covering stone was split in two by workmen. 0.J/.28NE. ;
A.W. II. 43; Smith p. 198 fig. XIV. K.1V.a. See Appendix
Long Barrows.
[1a.] Manton in “ Barrow Piece,” 100yds. N. of the Bath Rd., a low
ploughed-down barrow speed 1906 by B. H. Cnanician, In
centre a crouched skeleton on the floor of the barrow and beside
it small bronze dagger knife 13in. long, a smaller blade 4in.
long, amber pommel of dagger knife, lignite bead with gold
bands, necklace of 150 flat lignite beads, 3 bronze awls, 5 amber
beads, disc of amber framed in gold, “lancet” of bronze in gold
handle, grape cup and straight-sided incense cup. 9ft. from the
ieleton a cinerary urn upright with nothing in it. The body
had been wrapped in cloth of which the impress remained on
the soil. Triangular flint arrowhead on the floor of the barrow.
All objects found in possession of Dr. Maurice, of Marlborough.
W.A.M. xxxv. 1 figs.; Smith p. 204 XV. L. Via. ; not in OY,
98 SE.
2. Clatford Down, just S. of track to Avebury, W. of Manton House,
very low henror 1ft. 6in. high. Opened, n0 record. 0.14.28 NE. ;
Smith p. 199, XIV. K. LV. b.
3. Just N. of Bath Rd. at entrance to Clatford Bottom, wide flat
barrow, ploughed down. O.Jf. 28 SE.; Smith, p. 204 XV. K. |
VI. a.
3a. In Clatford Bottom, remains of Long Barrow on which “The ~
Devil’s Den” stands. See below under “ Megalithic,” and in ©
Appendix Long Barrows.
Rough Hill, just N. of Temple Farm, 5 barrows (4—8) in line E. |
and W., close together. O.J/. 28 NE.; Smith p. 130,.X. 1. II.
lO, G Gl, @, In, :
4. (b) Low barrow, no ditch, defaced, but apparently not opened.
5. (c) Low barrow, not opened.
6, 7. (d)and(e) Bowl-shaped barows, opened, no record.
8. (h) Very low barrow, no ditch, not opened.
9. At the end of the line (f) is a deep pit surrounded: with banks, a
“Pond Barrow” ?
[9a.] On W. side of Rockley—Marlborough Road about 3 mileS.E. |
of Rockley, a low barrow, no ditch, mutilated, not in O.M/.28
NE.; Smith p. 199 XIV. L. IV. a. >|
By the Rev. HE, H. Goddard. 309
On Marlborough Common, on N. side of Rockley Rd. 4 barrows
(10—13) near together. O.1f. 29 NW. & SW.; A.W. II. 40,
Stations XI. XII.; Smzth p. 203, XV. M. V. a, b, ¢, d.
10. (a) Large bowl-shaped barrow, no ditch, now madesquare. O.M.
29 NW.
11. (b) Large irregular barrow, no ditch. O.Jf. 29 SW.
12. (c) Very low wide bowl-shaped barrow, no ditch. O.1. 29 SW.
13. (d) Very low barrow, no ditch, not opened. O.M/. 29 SW.
“The Mount” at the College, second only to Silbury in size, 1000ft.
in circumference at base. Of Norman origin? Excavations at
the base 1912. A layer of charcoal found on original floor, and
. fragments of deer horns, apparently used as picks, in the body
of the mound. W.A.M. xxxvili. 112; O.Jf. 29 SW.; A.W. II.
15; Smith p. 204, XV. M. VI. b.
14. Preshute Down, $mile S.W. of Barbury Castle, S.W. of Barbury
Farm. Conspicuous on crest of hill, a large high bowl-shaped
barrow, no ditch. Opened, no record. O.Jf. 22 SE.; Smith p.
122, IX. I. 11. c.
[For cromlech or chambered barrow at Temple see Ogbourne St.
Andrew. |
Earthworks. Many cultivation enclosure marks on Preshute Down near
barrow (14).
Wansdyke to W. of West Woods S. of Foxbury Copse forms S. boundary
of parish for 4 mile and continues on N. of Gore Copse. O./. 35
NE.
Just 8S. of Wick Farm an oblong enclosure with banks in which sarsen
stones are imbedded, other banks and cultivation marks around it.
OM. 28 NE.;'A.W. II. 41, Stations XI., XII. ; Smzth X. I. III. i.
[About 100ft. of one of the banks about lft. 6in. high, of the enclo-
sure, removed 1913, when medieval or modern pottery was found
- under the bank. Apparently the earthwork is not ancient. E.H.G.]
Small faintly-marked enclosure with slight bank and ditch and on W.
a row of half-buried sarsens } mile 8.E. of the last, just E. of barrow
(9) on Rough Hill, believed by Smith to be Stukeley’s “ Roman
Camp opposite to Barbury Castle on Temple Down.” W.A.JL. xi.
343 ; Smith p. 130, X. I. III. g.; 0.1 28 NE. shows only a trace of
it.
At Totterdown “a very curious square pit (not a pond) with a long line
of sarsens running up the hill westwards ; also a circular depression
to the E. marked out with sarsens.” Smith p. 135, X. I. IV. e.
At S. angle of Marlborough Common an earthwork, area above $ acre,
with S. and W. sides rectangular, other sides irregular, entrance to EH.
(Hoare) A. W. II. 40.
310 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
Between “Old Chapel” and Glory Ann, apparently in this parish,
Hoare noted “a singular excavation” described by Stukeley as “a
pyriform concavity set with stones on the inside. Itis styled Bal-
more Pond . . . 150 cubits broad, 180 long.” A.W. II. 43.
Megalithic. “N.E. of Glory Ann” (says Hoare), on “Temple Downs ”
(says Stukeley), stood the remarkable relic described by Stukeley
under the name of “‘ Old Chapel.” ‘“’Tis a large square entrench’d,
110 Druid cubits by 130 like a little RomanCamp, with one entrance
on the south-west side towards Abury . . . It is made of a
vallum and ditch; beyond that a row of flat stones set quite round
and pretty close to one another like a wall; beyond that another
lesser ditch ; there are stones too set on each side the entrance. .On
the north-west side is a large long barrow, 50 cubits in length with
two great stone works upon it ; one on the end next the great en-
clos’d place we have been describing ; another stone work towards
the other end ; which seems to have been a semi-circular cove, or
demi-ellipsis, consisting of five great stones ; a Stonehenge cell in
_miniature, but now in ruins: this probably gave the name of Old
Chapel to the place; the barrow likewise has been set quite round
with great stones. In the second stone-work, one stone lies flat on
the ground along the middle line of the barrow. On each sidea
flat stone stands upright and two flat stones stand upright at right
angles, as wings to’em : upon them, [ suppose other stones were pil’d, —
as a Kistvaen. . . . The stones are generally very large, about
loft. long.” Stukeley, Abury 47, 48. In Hoare’s time only one flat
stone remained at the EH. end of the Long Barrow. A.W. II. 42.
The barrow has now disappeared and its site is unknown. Smith p.
129.
Apparently in this parish or Fyfield, “on the brow of a hill towards the ©
East,” from Monkton Down, Dean Merewether noted “‘a circle 16ft.
in diameter, of sarsen stones, of which seven only now remain,
although the dips in the earth show where the others have been. In
centre of these are five of the same character and size, surrounding
one lying flat and impacted between them.” Under this central stone ~
was, on the surface, a fragment of Samian pottery, and below this |
numbers of fragments of British pottery, animals’ bones,and numerous |
flint flakes and scrapers. Proc. Arch. Inst. Salisbury p. 105 (No. 29), ©
Higs.e.e., tL. q
N.W. of Wick Cottages 3 large sarsen stones “seem to mark either
some burial place or other monument of old time.” Srmith p. 122,
Ix. I. IL. e.; not in O.W. 22 SE.
Devil’s Den, in Clatford Bottom, dolmen now standing. on remains of |
mound, regarded by Hoare as kistvaen at the E. end of a long barrow,
perhaps never entirely covered by the mound. O.//. 28 SE. ; A.W.
II. 43, Pl. IX.; Stukeley’s Abury pp. 62—66, Tabs 32—34; Smith
p. 202, XV. K. V.a. See Appendix Long Barrows.
‘
Finds, Neolithic. Flint scrapers, &e. Manton. J. W. Brooke Coll.
By the Rev. E. H. Goddard. 311
Finds, Late Celtic. In St. Margaret’s Mead, N. of Midland Station
(Marlborough), interment in “The Marlborough Bucket” found cor.
1807. Wooden bucket with bands and handles of iron and 3 broad
bands of thin repoussé bronze, with sea horses, human heads, &c., in
high relief. Sir A. Evans believes it imported from Armorica in 1st
cent. B.C. Of same type as the Aylesford find. Most important
Late Celtic object found in Wilts. Devizes Museum. 0O.J/.29SW.;
Stourhead Cat. 88; A.W. II. 35 Pl. VI.; BI. Guide to ony Iron
Age, 28, fig.; W.A. UU. XXXv. 391.
Roman. British settlement, with banks and enclosures, S. of training
course on Barton Down ? mile S.E. of Manton House O.M. 28 N E.
Another on Granham Hill, S. of College, close to White Horse. O J.
29 SW.
Many Roman objects found in St. Margaret’s Mead, near Midland
Station. Interments, coins, pottery, ampulla, New Forest vase, &c.
W.A.MW. xxii. 235 ; xxill. 223; Stourhead Cat. 301; A.W. II. 35.
Interment of female in cist in chalk, at full length, with skull between
feet and ampulla in place of head. Opened J. W. Brooke 1891. 4 mile
W. of fallen dolmen on Manton Down. W.A.M. xxvi. 412.
In neighbourhood of Temple Downs. Many Roman pots found 1886—
1892.
Roman remains found 1883 just N.E. of Manton House, (O.//. 28 NE.)
refers doubtless to set of 12 large pewter dishes and other smaller
vessels with coins and pottery fragments found there. Of these 2
large dishes were given to Devizes Museum 1910. Cat. II. 281, figs.
The remaining dishes were (1912) in possession of Admiral the Hon.
Sir Hedworth Lambton, and the smaller vessels in possession of Mr.
Marsham Townshend. E.H.G. W.A.M, xxxvii. 205.
Saxon. Summerfield, S. of College cricket ground, W. of Gun Lane.
Saxon pottery, &c., found 1888. O.M/. 29 SW.
PURTON.
Earthworks. Ringsbury Camp, + mile W. of Restrop, on point of hill
overlooking the valley. Area5 acres. From this point an irregular
bank and ditch extends for more than a mile along the high ground
just W. of the two Pavenhill Farms, turning E. at the N. end. O.M.
10 SW.; A.W. II. 40.
Bury Hill Camp, in W. extension of parish just N. of Gloucester Rail-
way and Lower Buryhill Farm. O.J/.9 NE.
‘Roman. 3 small pots, coins, &., found at the brick kiln. G. D. Leslie.
A. D. Passmore Coll.
Saxon. At “The Fox,” S. of Wheatfield Cottages, in Quarry field, 4.
skeletons at full length with iron seax, knives, and beads, found 1912. |
Devizes Museum. Other skeletons found here before in quarrying.
W.A.YW, xxxvii. 496, 606, jigs.
312 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities,
RAMSBURY.
Barrows.
1. Barrow between Marridge Hill Wood and Ballard’s Copse, 4 mile
S.E. of Marriage Hill. O.J/. 24 SW. ; not shown in A.W.
2,3,[3a]. I'wo barrows just N.E. of Witcha Cottages. A.W. Stations
XI., XII. shows 3 barrows in this group unopened. O0.//.24 SW.
Earthworks. Membury Camp’or Fort, near county boundary, 2 of
camp in Ramsbury and Wilts, ¢ in Lambourne and Berks. Area 37
acres. Entrances N.&S. (a road through it now). Strong ditch
and rampart 1650 yds. in circumference. On south side of camp
another small earthwork enclosure. Hoare relates story of treasure
found in the camp. O.Jf. 24 SW.; A.W. IL. 36 Pl. VII.
Finds, Neolithic. Flint chipped celt in River Kennet, 1913. A. D.
Passmore.
Finds, Bronze Age. Bronze looped palstave. Evans’ Bronze 87 ; Proc.
Arch. Inst. Salisbury 112, fig. 37.
Roman. Littlecote Park, 4 mile N.W. of house, near river, Roman villa
found, 1730, with urns, coins, &c. Pavement 41ft. long by 28ft.
broad, finest ever found in the county, entirely destroyed. Engraved
by Vertue, 1747. O.1f. 30 NW.; A.W. Il. 117 jfigs.; WA. xxii.
235 ; Lyson’s Brit. Rom. ; Britton’s Beauties of Walts III. 262.
Small pottery vase found at head of skeleton, 1881. Devizes Museum
Cat. II. 234.
REDLYNCH.
Barrows.
Group of 6 barrows (1—6) close together on both sides of Rd. in Bury
Hill and Bath Hole plantations 4 mile 8.E. of Hamptworth
Lodge, W. of Home Farm. 1, 2 on N. of Rd. 3—6on5S. of it.
O.M.77 NW.; A.W. I. Station VII. shows apparently 5 barrows —
on this spot and 3 others in line close together just to EK. of them. ~
1. Touching N. side of road.
2. Just N.W. of (1).
3. Tonching S. side of Rd. nearly opposite (1).
4,5, 6. Close together in line E. and W. just SW. of (8).
|Ga—c.] 3 barrows in line just E. of this group shown in A.W. 1
Station VII ; not in O.W. 77 NE. y
7. Barrow at Risbury Hill on Hamptworth Common. O.I/.77 SE. ;
not in A.W. I. Station VII.
8. Barrow just N.W. of Templeman’s Farm, 3 mile N. of Redlynch |
House. 0.1.77 NW.; not in A.W. I. Station VII. 4
Finds, Neolithic, Flint knife. Blackmore Museum. Evans’ Stone 300. —
ROLLESTONE.
Barrows.
1—8, [8a]. OnS. side of Shrewton boundary and track just E. of Net
Bush, and W. of Rollestone Clump, O.J/. 54 NW. shows 8 —
:
By the Rev. #..H, Goddard. — 313
barrows more or less in line along the boundary, 1 being the
Southernmost. A.W. I. Station V. North, shows 9 barrows
here, S. of the boundary. Soc. Ant. Map 202—209.
9—11[11a, b]. A little distance S.E. of last group and 8.W. of
Rollestone Clump, 0.17. 54 NW. shows 2 barrows close together,
9,10, and another justtothe E.,11. Soc. Ant. Map 210—212.
A.W. I. Station V. North appears to show 5 barrows in this
group.
12,13. Two barrows close together E. of Devizes—Salisbury Rd. and
Rollestone Bake Farm. A.W. I. Station V. North; Soc. Ant.
Map 219, 220.
14—19 [19a, b]. JustS.E. of the last, and 3 mile E. of 10th milestone
from Salisbury on Devizes Rd.,a group of 6 barrows close together,
16 and 17 being disc barrows. Soc. Ant. Map 221 (14), 223 (15),
227 (16), 228 (17), 225 (18), 226 (19). This map (0.J7 old
edition) shows a small barrow, 222, just on W. side of 14, and
another small barrow (224) just on N. side of 18,19. Neither
of these are shown on O.M.54 NW. A.W.1I. Station V. North
appears to show 6 barrows here. [The disc barrows 16, 17,
have been much ploughed over but are now down to grass again.
Six other round barrows are still quite distinct though only 4
are shown on O.M. The track has become a metalled road and
the southernmost barrow 14 has been partly cut away. 1913.
M.E.C.].
20, 21. Two barrows a little distance apart, E. of Middle Farm.
O.M. 54 SW.; Soc. Ant. Map 283, 284.
22--30 [30a, b]. S.E. of the last a line of 9 barrows just inside the
parish boundary, and one large dise barrow actually on the
boundary. O.Uf. 54 SW.; A.W. I. Station V. North appears
to show 10 barrows here; Soc. Ant. Map 299, 298 (22, 23), 285
—291 (24—30). Several of these barrows were opened by W.
Cunnington previous to his work with Hoare and there is no
record of their contents. In 28, large disc barrow on parish
boundary, fragments of large urn and burnt bones were found.
A.W. I. 174.
In “ Rollestone Field Group” a barrow opened by W. Cunnington con-
tained skeleton with perforated stone axe hammer in grave 6ft. deep.
Devizes Museum. Stourhead Cat. 18; Evans’ Stone 165; Arch. 1xi.
122; A.W. I. 174,-Pl. xx.
In a bell-shaped barrow in same group Hoare found no interment.
A.W. I. 174.
A bronze tanged razor in Stourhead Coll. said to have come from a
“ Barrow on Rolleston Down” but it is not mentioned in 4.W. ;
Stourhead Cat. 18a fig.; Arch. xliii. 451, Pl. xxxii. fig. 6.
VOL. XXXVIII.—NO. CXX. Y
314 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
Earthworks. Hoare mentions “a small square work with strong ram-
parts” just S. of Maddington Rd. and W. of the Church at Rollestone.
A.W. 1. 173 Station V. North; not in 0.Jf.53 SE. [No trace to be
found of it. 1913. M.E.C.].
Finds, Neolithic. Scrapers and worked flints on surface. Rey. C. V-
Goddard.
ROUNDWAY.
Barrows. [The letters in brackets thus (c) are those in Smith’s map.]
1. (c) Small barrow just on edge of hill, at head of combe E.
of Oliver’s Camp. Opened, 1840, by E. F. Colston. On floor
of barrow a skeleton lying EK. & W. with remains of wooden
_ coffin with strong iron clamps, a small bucket with thin bronze
mounts, 2 gold pins joined by gold chains with circular medallion
in centre, with cruciform ornament on it, and a number of gold
pendants forming a necklace, oval, circular, and triangular, set
with uncut garnets or paste; and barrel-shaped beads of gold
wire. All these of fine workmanship. Saxon. O.U/. 34 NW.;
Smith p. 67 1V. A VIII. c.; W.A.M. i. 197; vi. 164 (No. 7);
A.W.IL. Stations XI. XIT. ; Devizes Museum Caz. II. S 6a—S 7;
Akerman Pagan Saxondom PI. I. 4
[1a.] (b) Close to this Smith LV. A. VIII. b. shows another mound, —
but doubts if it is a barrow. Not in 0.1 34NW.; or A.W. II.
Stations XI. XII.
On upper edge of Roundway Hill Covert 3 barrows 2—4,
2. (d) Low bowl-shaped barrow with slight ditch, outside plantation,
53ft. diam. Opened by W. Cunnington 1883. Large cist ap-
parently rifled before. O12. 34 NW. ; Smith p. 68, IV. A. VIII. d ;
W.A.M. xxii. 340. ;
3. (e) Inside plantation. Opened, 1883, by W. Cunington. Large —
cist found empty, rifled before. O.J/. 34 NW. ; Smith p. 68, 1V.
A. VIII. e.; W.A.U. xxii. 340.
4. (f) Inside plantation. Opened, norecord. Regarded as doubtful
barrow by Smith. O.Jf. 34 NW.; Smith p. 68, IV. A. VIII. f; —
WAM, xxii. 340. f
5. (No. 6) Large oval barrow about 1 mile N.E. of last group, just
W. of Roundway Hill Farm. Surrounded by ditch, 134ft. x —
95ft. x 7ft. high. E. end opened by W. Cunnington 1856. Large
grave 5ft. 8in. long X 2ft. 5in. wide X 2ft. deep. Contained
small heap of burnt bones, and piled in a heap near 2 hollow —
grooved whetstones, a plain whetstone, flint arrowhead, knife,
and flakes, small bronze knife dagger, deer’s horn netting needle?
and 3meshrules? W. end opened 1858. Ina grave d5ft. 4in. x —
3ft. X 3ft. Gin. deep a heap of burnt bones apparently deposited —
By the Rev. H. H. Goddard. 315
in a wooden chest or coffin and small bronze knife dagger. Later
interment of skeleton found at highest point of E.end. Devizes
Museum Cat. II. X 57—X 69; Smith p. 68 IV. A. VIII. g;
W.A.WM. vi. 162; Evans’ Stone 241; O.M. 34 NW.
6. S.E. of the last a very low barrow opened 1855 by W. Cunnington
(No.1). Nothing found but a fragment of burnt bone and pottery.
O.M. 34 NW.; Smith p. 69, [V. A. VIIL1.; W.AUL. vi. 159.
7. 5S. of the last, near edge of hill, barrow, about 24ft. high, on boun-
dary of Bishops Cannings, S8.W. of chalk-pit, opened by W.
Cunnington 1805 (No. 3). Ina grave a skeleton lying E. & W..,
with iron ring and 30 pieces of ivory ? like marbles cut in two,
with quantity of decayed wood. Opened again by Thurnam 1855.
Perhaps Late Celtic. O17. 34 NW.; A.W. II. 98; Smith p. 69,
IV. B. VIII. b.; W.A.W. vi. 160.
8. Just N.W. of 7, a barrow almost obliterated, opened by W.
Cunnington 1855 (No. 2). In grave 5ft. x 24ft.. x 54ft. deep,
contracted skeleton with drinking cup at feet ; barbed flint
arrowhead near head, plain broad flat tanged dagger of copper
10in. long near left hand. Between bones of left forearm a
wristguard of slate, and small copper tang of razor or knife ?
Devizes Museum Cat. Il. X 47—X 50a; Smith p. 70, IV. B.
VIII. e; Cran. Brit. II. Pl. xlii.; Evans’ Bronze 223, fig. 277 ;
Evans’ Stone, 381 jig. 355; Arch, xliti. 392, 450; Ixi. 105, jigs. ;
W.A.M. iii. 185 ; xxxvii, 97; O.1. 34 NW.
9. W. of the last, near Leipsic Plantation, on brow of hill near track
to Calstone, a very low barrow, nearly obliterated. Opened by
- Hoare and again by W. Cunnington 1856 (No. 4). Oval grave
with skeleton and fragments of drinking cup. O.U/. 34 NW. ;
A.W. II. 98; W.A.W. vi. 162; Smith p. 69, IV. A. VIII. k.
[For other barrows near see Bishops Cannings and Bromham.]
Finds, Neolithic. Flint scrapers, fabricator, &c. Devizes Museum.
Finds, Bronze Age. Cinerary urn found cer. 1854. W.A.dL. ii. 37.
Interment of skeleton with drinking cup with no mound over it “ near
Roundway Down.” Proc. Arch. Inst. Salisbury p. 109, fig. 9.
Bronze celt. W.A./. i. 65. Bronze awl ; Devizes Museum Cat. II.
386a.
Late Celtic. Sce Barrow 7 above.
Roman. Lead coffin found 1852 near site of Devizes Barracks. WAM.
vi. 188; xxvii. 309. Urn, 1854. W.A.Y. u., 37. Iron pruner.
W.A.M. xxxvi. 483, fig. ; Devizes Museum Cat. IT. 386 c.
Saxon. See Barrow 1 above.
RUSHALL.
Barrows.
1. “Slay Barrow,” just S. of Old Nursery Ditch OU. 47 NW;
A.W. 1. Station V. North; Soc. Ant. Map 71.
wy g
316 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
Earthworks. Church ditches on Rushall Down. “A little square en-
trenchment with a regular entrance towards the KH.” (Hoare). O./.
47 NW.; A.W. 1.175, Station V. North; Soc. Ant. Map 26.
Old Nursery Ditch running W. to E. from Ell Barrow, crosses Charlton
and Rushall just N. of Slay Barrow, and passes on into Upayon and
Enford. O.M. 47 NW.; A.W. 1.175, Station V. North ; Soc. Ant.
Map 70.
Ditch and bank on Rushall Down going N.E. towards Casterley, N. of
Water Dean Bottom, continuation of fragments in Marden, Wilsford,
and Charlton. O.J. 47 N.W.; A.W. I. 175, Station V. North;
Soc. Ant. Map 24.
Finds, Neolithic. 2 ground flint celts. Devizes Museum Cat. IL. 3, 28 ;
W.A.W. 1. 60; vii. 248. Ground flint celt, British Museum.
Finds, Bronze Age? Long bronze pin with loop on shaft and tray-
shaped head. Devizes Museum Cat. II. B16; Reliquary xiv. 247
Jig.
Roman. An extensive Romano-British settlement on Rushall Down,
partly examined by Col. Hawley, pit coal and number of objects
found, pottery, &e. Great number of objects found in ploughing up
the down. Devizes Museum. Bow and other brooches, Caz. II.
319, 324, 329—334, 341 ; pair of fine querns and part of another, Cat.
II. Q2, Q3, Q12. Iron objects, reaping hook, lobed horseshoe,
compasses, clasp knife, nails, tongs, key, catches of tubular padlocks,
spear heads, &c., W.A.J. xxxvi. 480—485 jigs. ; Cat. I1., 512, 520,
528, 529, 587—540, 542—544, 546, 550, 554, 558g; bronze bracelets,
Cat. II. 343; buckles, rings, &c., 357—362, 378 ; nail cleaner, 376 b.
Urn found 1853. W.A.JZ 1. 58. a
> > toe eee ade
Pee” aie UP Is ee ee
PDs
SALISBURY. |
Finds, Paleolithic. Implements first found in the gravels of Milford —
Hill, 1865. Found in great numbers in subsequent years; also |
found at Fisherton and Stratford Road. Blackmore and Devizes |
‘Museums. W.A.d, xxii. 117.
Finds, Neolithic. One rough chipped flint celt from the Close; and 2
from Highfield ; 3 fine partly ground flint celts from Milford Hill; |
and 2 ground flint celts from Endless Street (1907). Blackmore
Museum.
Fine flint fabricators. Blackmore Museum.
Flint knives and borer, Milford Hill. Devizes Museum.
8 ground flint celts and 5 chipped flint celts from “Salisbury neigh-
bourhood.” Blackmore Museum.
Finds, Bronze Age. Bronze Age cinerary urn with burnt bones, of
globular shape, the only example known from Wilts, from “ Barrow,
near Salisbury.” Devizes Cat. II. x13.
Bronze rapier-shaped sword or dagger 14$in. long, Fisherton Anger,
4ft. under ground, 1860. Arch. Jour. xviil. 160. Blackmore Museum.
By the Rev. EH. H, Goddard. 317
Two “bronze spearheads,” 1854. W.A.M. ii. 29.
Socketed looped bronze celt, 2 looped palstaves, and 2 without loops.
Blackmore Museum.
[17 bronze celts “ found near Salisbury,” 1853, 1854. W.A.IL. i. 29, 66 ;
li. 29.]
Late Celtic. At Highfield, excavated 1868, 4 bottle-shaped pits close
together dug through gravel with floors on the chalk, with small
Openings on surface which had been covered with large circular
earthenware covers with holes in them. All 4 pits communicated
with each other by small openings. Models in Blackmore Museum.
Cooking pots of coarse ware and quantities of fragments of pottery
of Late Celtic type, leather brown, black, and painted red with
polished surface, impressed patterns, painted chevron ornament, &c.
No Roman pottery. Saddle quern, spindle whorls, bone implements,
bone combs, pottery sling pellets, loom weights. Blackmore Museum.
Stevens’ Mint Chips 64. These pits appear to have been actual
dwellings, no others like them have occurred in the county. Described
wrongly as Neolithic in Flint Chips.
Homan. London Road. Bronze bow brooch with T-shaped head, another
of La Tene III. type. Blackmore Museum.
“SALISBURY PLAIN” anp “8S. WILTS.”
Finds, Neolithic. Stone perforated axehead of porphyritic rock, Qin.
long. British Museum, Evans’ Stone, 179.
Finds, Bronze Age. Bronze flanged celt, Blackmore Museum. Dagger,
about 5in. long, British Museum. Pin with circular head about 5in.
long and 3 smaller similar pins, British Museum. Pin with twisted
stem and round head with rim, British Museum. 2 awls, British
Museum.
‘Finds, Late Celtic. Large bronze pin, 134in. long, with flattened head.
British Museum. Evans’ Bronze 369 ; Proc. Soc. Ant., 2nd Series,
IIL. 469; W.A.dL, xxxv. 407.
SAVERNAKE, NORTH,
Earthworks. Wansdyke runs E. and W. for 14 miles crossing G.W.R.
Marlborough [ine just N. of Wernham Farm, pointing towards
Great Lodge Farm, but does not reach the Midland Railway. O.J/.
36 NW.
Finds, Neolithic. At Pantawick, nr. Marlborough, and W. of brick-
works on Salisbury Hill, flint implements of various types. J.
W. Brooke Coll. OJ. 29 SW.
\Finds, Late Celtic. British coins found at brickworks on Salisbury
Hill, 1856 (OWL. says 1875). O.M.29SW.; W.A.M. xix. 86.
Roman. Fragment of the Roman Rd. from Winchester to Cunetio, point-
ing to Folly Farm, at point where Cock-a-Troop lane enters Forest.
O0.M.29SW.; A.W. II. Station X.
318 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
British Settlement at Pantawick on hill 4 mile S.E. of College. 531
coins, Licinius to-Constantine II., allin mint state, found in pot here,
1890. J. W. Brooke Coll. OJ. 29SW.; W.A.M. xxvi. 39.
At brickworks on Salisbury Hill, silver coins of Julius Cesar found.
WAM. xix. 29; OU. 29 SW.
SAVERNAKE, SOUTH.
Barrows. :
1. Barrow S.W. of Savernake Lodge and E. of Grand Avenue. O. J,
36 NE.
2, 3. Two barrows touching each other in open valley in Forest 4
mile E. of Cadley Vicarage. O.J7. 36 NW.
4. Barrow a little S. of the last. OJ 36 NW.
5. Barrow in extreme W. corner of parish at S.E. corner of Clench
Common to E. of Marlborough Rd. + mile N.E. of Martinsell.
Opened by B. H. Cunnington 1894. Nointerment found. 11ft.
high, 52ft. diam., wide ditch. W.A.M. xxviii. 257.
[None of the above barrows are shown in A. W. II. Station X.]
Roman. Road from Cunetio to Winchester runs almost parallel with
Grand Avenue, to E. of it, right across parish. O.J/.29 SE. ; 36 NE;
A.W. 11. Roman Afra 67 plan.
Fragment of road to Old Sarum seen at Braydon Hook, S. of Grand
Avenue. O.Uf.29SW.; A.W. Il. Roman 4ra 89.
SEMLEY,
Barrows.
[1.] Small barrow, unopened, in ploughed ground, a little distance E.
of Church, apparently between Kerton Farm and Brown’s Wood.
A.W. I. 258, Stations VIII. IX ; not in O.W. 69 NW.
Earthworks. Square moat 4 mile N. of Church, adjoining S. side of
railway in angle made by Rd. crossing it. On low ground in a wood
says Hoare. Probably medieval. O.J/.69 NW. ; A.W. I. 253, Stations
VIII. IX.
Finds, Neolithic. Top of Semley Common. From gravel 2ft. under-
ground, small finely ground flint celt. Canon Short. Salisbury
Museum. O.M.68NE.; Salisbury Field Club Trams. I. 35,
SHALBOURNE.
Barrows.
i, [1a, b.] Barrow on Rivar Down on parish and county boundary 14
mile §.W. of Shalbourne. O.J£.37SW. [A.W.II. Marlborough
Station shows 2 round and 1 Long barrow here.]
2. Barrow i} mile N. of Cross Droves W. of Ham Ashley Copse, 8.E.
of Gallowood. O.Jf. 43 NE.
By the Rev. HE. H. Goddard. ~ ; 319
3,4. Two barrows close together just E. of Rd. to Fosbury, N.E. of
Pearce’s Farm. O.J/. 43 NE.
5. Long barrow just within Gt. Botley Copse close to boundary of
Grafton. Not opened. O.M. 43 NW.; A.W. I. Station VI-
See Appendix Long Barrows.
[5a.] Long Barrow on Smay Down + mile E. of Oxenwood, just N.
of track and W. of old chalk pit, said to have been opened and
skeletons found. No record. O. G.S. Crawford, 1913. Not
in O.M. 43 NW., or A.W. See Appendix Long Barrows.
Earthworks. Wansdyke coming out of Little Bedwyn E. of Chisbury
Camp, passes into Shalbourne between Birds Heath and Newton
Common Farm, across the Salisbury—Hungerford Rd. towards
Prosperous farm, and across the Berks boundary towards Inkpen,
according to Hoare, A. W. II. 32.
A line of ditch runs N.E. along hill from N.E. corner of Botley Copse.
0.7. 43 NW.
Ditch coming from Gammons Farm in Collingbourne Kingston enters
Shalbourne at Scots Poor and can be traced across Silver Down (not
on O.M. except fragment at Hungry Lodge) to Maccoombe Down
where it is shown on O.M/. 43 SW., and into Fosbury. It passes N.
of Fosbury House into Shalbourne again across Smay Down and
into Buttermere. O. G. S. Crawford 1913. A.W. I. Station VI. ;
only fragments shown on O.J.
Ditch on Rivar Hill or Ashley Down, just S. of river. O.Jf. 41 SE.
Ditch running N.H. to 8.W. past Long Barrow on Smay Down [5a]
fori mile. O.Jf. 43 NW.
Finds, Bronze Age. Socketed looped celt. J. W. Brooke. W.A.I/.
| XXXvili. 136.
Roman. Roman Road Cunetio to Winchester curving to avoid hillforms
boundary of Shalbourne and Tidecombe. O.1/.43 NW. ; A.W. II.
69, 70. |
Quern, Devizes Museum Caz. IT. Q 8.
: SHERRINGTON.
Barrows.
1. Long barrow 100 yds. 8. of Wily River4 mile E. of Church. Opened
by W. Cunnington 1804. Shown as round barrow in O. 17.58 NE.;
A.W. I. 100, Station IV. See Appendix Long Barrows.
2, 3. Two small barrows close together (2 West, 3 East) just S. of
village and Sherrington Mill Farm. O.J7.58 NE.; notin A.W.
I. Station IV. [Have apparently been opened. M.E.C.]
4. Long barrow on parish boundary just E. of Boyton Field Farm,
2 mile S.W. of Sherrington. O.1/. 58 NE.; A.W. I. Station IV.
See Appendix Long Barrows,
[The round barrow close to this is Boyton 5.]
320 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities,
The large mound between the churchyard and Manor Farm in the
village is apparently a Norman motte. 0.17.58 NE.
Roman. So-called “Roman Road” running through Great Ridge Wood
forms whole 8. boundary of parish. O.M. 58 SE.
Saxon. 4 Saxon skeletons found 16in. under surface at broad end of Long
Barrow (1) 1804, and at lower end 3 more skeletons, one of them a
child. Iron sword, umbo, spearhead, knives, &. O.M. 58 NE. ;
A.JW.1. 100; Arch. xv. 344, Pl. XVIII, XIX.
SHERSTON.
Barrows. Camden speaks of “several barrows hereabouts.” In this.
parish or Luckington? A.W. II. 103.
Earthworks. Ditches of two sides of a camp remains, on the bluff
above the river just W. of Church, part of village being on its site.
O.M.7 SE. ; A.W. II. 102.
Roman, Coins found 1650. Jacksons’ Aubrey 5, 106; W.AM. xi. 344.
Silver coin of Hadrian 1901. W. Symonds.
Fosseway forms E. boundary of parish. O.Jf. 12 NE.
SHREWTON,
Barrows.
1—S3. Just N.W. of the double earthwork circle between Robin Hood
Ball and the Bustard 3 barrows close together. Opened by
Capt. W. Hawley (Nos. 13—15). Had been disturbed before.
One contained nothing ; another a heap of burnt bones in a bowl-
shaped depression in the chalk, and an urn; the third an urn.
Bones of unburnt bodies were scattered through the earth of all
three. Urns in Salisbury Museum. O.Uf. 54 NW.; 4.W. I.
176, Station V. North, shows only 2 of these; W.A.M/. xxxvi.
625 ; Soc. Ant. Mag 213—215.
4. Barrow a slight distance to the 8.W. of the circle, just S. of the
track. O.J.54 NW.; A.W. I. 176, Station V. North ; Soc. Ant.
Map 216.
5. Barrow S. of the circle on Rollestone boundary. O.J/.54 NW. ;
A.W. 1.176, Station V. North; Soc. Ant. Map 218.
[5a]. A.W. I. Station V. North shows barrow just on N. edge of
Shrewton boundary and track at Net Bush, E. of Shrewton
Lodge, opposite group Rollestone 1—8. Not on O0.J/.54 NW.
6. Barrow 1 mile W. of the Bustard, on 8. edge of track. O.If 54
NW.; A.W. 1. Station V. North; Soc. Ant. Map 201.
7. ‘Site of Tumulus” E. of 11th milestone from Devizes on Salisbury
Rd. 0.1.54 NW.; notin A.W.; Soc.Ant. Map 133.
8. Barrow 4 mile S.E. of last, just E. of Rd. to Salisbury. O.Jf 54
NW.,; Soc. Ant. Map 134.
By the Rev. HE. H. Goddard. 321
Earthworks. Double circular concentric earthwork, partly in Shrewton
and partly in Figheldean, 4 mile S.W. of Robin Hood Ball, 2 mile EK.
of Bustard. Entrance on N. side. Hoare regards it as not defensive.
O.M.54 NW.; A.W. I. 176, Station V. North; Soc. Ant. Map 217.
Finds, Neolithic. Many flint scrapers, some of large size, and rough
long implements, a ground celt, &e. C. V. Goddard.
Finds, Saxon. Iron socketed spearhead. Blackmore Museum.
When Shrewton Windmill was erected an interment without barrow
was found. Skeleton at full length on back, iron knife at side, cup
between legs, and bronze wheel-like ornaments. A.W.1.174, Pl. XX. ;
Stourhead Cat 93, 94.
SOMERFORD, BROAD.
Mound. Large mound just W. of Church, close to river, opened by Rev.
F. H. Manley 1911. Walls of masonry building found buried deep
in it, of Norman age? O.Jf. 13 NE.
Finds, Bronze Age. Large bronze palstave found some years ago, now
in a collection near Stroud ; and half of another in A. D. Passmore
Coll.
STANDLYNCH anp CHARLTON ALL SAINTS.
Barrows.
[la—e.] Group of 5 barrows close together = mile S.W. of Clearbury
Rings, just E. of Grimsditch at its junction with the other ditch.
A.W. I. Station VII. ; not in O.Jf, 71 SE.
Earthworks. Clearbury Ring, camp in‘ prominent position, not very
strong, single ditch, greatest height of vallum 21ft. Area 5 acres,
circuit 3 furlongs, 55 yds. Oblong with one entrance to 8.W.
Chiefly in Standlynch, partly in Nunton and Bodenham. O.J7. 71
SE. ; A.W. I. 231, plan 217, Station VII. ; Ancient Harthworks of
Cranborne Chase, 27, plan; Harly Wars of Wessex, 12, plan. [Area
and ditches covered with wood, 1911. Heywood Sumner. |
Mutilated earthwork N. of Trafalgar, apparently at Witherington Ring.
A.W. I. 230 Station VII. ; not in OW. 72 SW.
Grimsditch running EK. from Nunton and Bodenham stops abruptly
near Down Barn,1 mile 8S. of Clearbury Ring, where it is cut at
right angles by a similar ditch running N. & S. from Clearbury
Down to Whitsbury Castle, over Charlton Down and Wick Down
to Downton. Grimsditch reappears 3 miles to K. of this on Stand-
lynch Down. O.M. 71 SE.; A.W. I. 231, Station VII.; Ancient
Earthworks of Cranborne Chase, 58 plan.
Finds, Bronze Age. Bronze celt, Charlton Down. Earl Nelson, 1865.
WAM. x. 34.
322 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
STANTON FITZWARREN.
Finds, Neolithic. Ground flint celt. Arch. Journ. ix. 194; Proc. Arch.
Inst., Salisbury 112, fig. 38; Evans’ Stone 92.
Flint celt. A. D. Passmore Coll.
Megalithic. A single large sarsen stone standing in a hedge near the
village. of what date. Canon W. C. Masters.
Roman. When railway was made to W. of village several pavements of
rough stone tessere, not coloured, were found and destroyed. Another
pavement in same field near the Lake. Roman urn found at New
Lodge, near Swindon Rd. O.M.11 NW. Canon W. C. Masters.
Skeleton with iron tanged knife found 1906 in digging pond at “ Van
Diemen’s Land.” Saxon? or possibly modern? Canon W. C.
Masters.
STANTON Str. BERNARD.
Barrows.
1. On Milk Hill, E. of Tan Hill. Barrow just S. of Wansdyke.
O.M. 35 NW.; not in Smith’s Map.
2, 3. 2 small barrows close together on top of escarpment of Milk
Hill N. of village. O.1f. 35 SW.
4. On Harestone Down in N. corner of parish, # mile S.W. of Kennet
Long Barrow. O.J/. 35 NW.; not shown by Smith.
Earthworks. Wansdyke crosses N. end of parish N. of Milk Hill. 0.1.
35 NW.
On Milk Hill in very commanding position $ mile S. of Wansdyke an
irregular oval earthwork with ditch running N. & 8. forming the E.
side of it. O.M/. 35 NW.; Smith p. 181 XII. G. VII. c.
4 mile N. of Wansdyke a very large oblong enclosure with double bank
and ditch, outer ditch prolonged E. & W. on the 8. side. O.J. 35
NW. ; Smuth p. 181 XII. G. VIIL. b.
Finds, Neolithic. Milk Hill, flints, flakes, cores, a few scrapers, and a
good arrowhead. Rev. H. G. O. Kendall.
STANTON ST. QUINTIN.
Roman. In Stanton Park Wood 4 mile from village, apparently a con-
siderable villa, covering large space. Part of one room uncovered
1910 by A. D. Passmore & Rey. T. G. Henslow. Hypocaust, and two
capitals used as building material, pottery and other objects found.
O.M. 13. SW. .
STAPLEFORD.
Barrows.
1. Barrow on Stapleford Down, on parish boundary, on W. edge of
Salisbury—-Devizes Rd., 53 miles from Salisbury. O.1f. 60SW. ;
A.W. I. Station V. South.
By the Rev. E. H. Goddard. 323
2, 3. Two small barrows within area of large earthwork enclosure
3 mile S.E. of Druid’s Head Farm. O.2/. 60 NW.; notin A.W.
I. Station V. South.
4. Barrow exactly outside N.W. corner of earthwork enclosure. O.J7.
60 NW.; not in AW. I. Station V. South.
5. Barrow N. of last, just E. of Druid’s Head Farm. O/.60 NW.;
not in A.W. I. Station V. South.
Earthworks. Stapleford Down 14 miles N.E. of village, 4 mile S.W. of
Druid’s Lodge, large 4-sided wedge-shaped earthwork enclosure with
small square enclosure in S.E. corner of it. O.Jf. 60 NW.; A.W. I.
214, Station V. South.
A.W. I. 214, Station V. South shows a ditch running W. from Salisbury
—Devizes Rd. between 17th and 18th milestones, S. of Barrow 1,
apparently in Stapleford. Not in O.J7 60 SW.
Stapleford Castle, 4 mile N.W. of Church, just on W. side of river,
earthworks of mount and bailey type, fairly perfect except on S. side
of bailey. Norman? O.Jf 59 SE.
Finds, Late Celtic (!) At Druid’s Head, large saddle quern. Black-
more Museum.
STOCKTON.
Barrows.
1. Long Barrow on Stockton Down, 4 mile W. of Conygar Barn.
Opened by Hoare, no details. O.Uf 58 SE.; A.W. I. 107,
Station IV. See Appendix Long Barrows.
2—4. Group of 3 barrows close together just E. of Stockton Works
at Roakham Bottom. O.1/.58 SE.; not in A.W. I. Station 1V.
[‘‘ There are only 4 barrows on Stockton Down. ‘Two of them on
Mr. Biggs’ property are square ones. ‘There isa small round one
in Rokeham bottom, a part of the glebe, and another by the
Green Road to Hindon.” W.A.4JZ. ii. 108 (1869).]
Earthworks, Stockton Works, on the down just on the N. side of Stockton
Wood, an area of 62 acres once enclosed by bank and ditch which
still remain strong on E. side, with interrupted portions on N. and
W. but not on the S. (z.e. the wood) side. This enclosed extensive
British village. Roman pottery, coins, &c., very abundant. T-shaped
hypocausts, flue tiles, &c. Within the works a small pentagonal en-
closure. O.1. 58 SE.; A.W. I. 106, 107, plan; W.A.M. xxxiv. 272.
The winding ditch called “ Roman Rd.” on 0.1/7. 58 SE., running through
Gattrel Copse and Stockton Wood, S. of the “ Works,” forms 8.
boundary of parish throughout. A.W. I. Station IV.
Roman. See above, Earthworks, Stockton Works.
On Cow Down, chalk diggers 1833 found 2 cavities with stonework and
ashes, probably T-shaped hypocausts. (E.H.G.) W.A.J. xii. 107.
324 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Payan Saxon Antiquities.
STOURTON.
Barrows.
1. Mound in centre of Stourton part of area of White Sheet Castle,
shown but not marked “tumulus” on O.U. Hoare thought it
modern. 0.1.57 SW.; A.W. I. 43 plan.
2—4. Three small mounds close together in line just outside outer
rampart of White Sheet Castle on N. Opened by Hoare, found
to be “not sepulchral.” 0.1.57 SW.; A.W. I. 43 plan shows 4
mounds.
_ Barthworks. Stourhead Park, W. of Six Wells Bottom. Camp nearly
circular, double rampart on N., single on 8. Entrances E. & W-
Area 7 acres. Slope of vallum where deepest 27ft. Hoare’s plan
shows a division ditch cutting off about 3 of the area on W. side.
“ Occupies the whole ridge of the hill and is naturally defended on
each side by steep and precipitous ground.” O.Jf.56 SE.; A.W. I.
38, 39, plan p. 43.
- On “New Park Terrace” another camp, oblong, not quite so large,
placed on ridge of hill. The Somerset boundary runs through centre
of camp. O.M. 62 NE.; A.W. I. 39 note.
On steep promontory overlooking the Stour opposite to Zeals Row, in
extreme S. point of parish, an earthwork. “An elevated keep and —
an oblong outwork unlike any of the Camps on our Chalk Hills and
very similar to many I have observed in Wales” (Hoare). O.J/. 62
NE.; A.W. 1.38.
White Sheet Castle, partly in Mere. A single ditch follows the line of
the steep escarpment. On the down side 3 ditches and ramparts
with considerable intervals between them. Entrances through these
ramparts. The middle ditch by far the deepest, outer ditch shallower.
Circuit of outer ditch 4 furlongs and 152 yds. Area of inner en-
closure 15 acres. O.U. 57 SW.; A.W. I. 43, plan.
Large ditch cuts across the narrow ridge of the hill and the trackway
from side to side a little N.W. of the camp, half in Stourton, half in
Kilmington. O.Jf 57 SW.; A.W. 48, plan.
Pen Pits. Im extreme S.E. corner of parish and county im wooded
ground at Bottles Hill, 8. of Gasper Hill, W. of Zeals Row, a portion
of “Pen Pits.” These pits originally covered some 700 acres, says
Hoare, in Stourton, Penselwood, and Zeals. Hoare thought them
habitations, and Kerslake calls them “a British metropolis.” Gen.
Pitt Rivers proved by excavation that they are pits dug to procure
hard greensand rock for querns which are often found in them. O.JZ.
62 NE.; A.W. I. 35, plan.
Finds. Bronze Age. Stone perforated axe head 94in. long. Evans’
Stone 179.
Greenstone hammer with perforation begun on one side. Evans’ Stone
171, fig. 124.
Finds, Late Celtic. British uninscribed gold coin, type Evans Pl. I.
jig. 6, found at Brewham Forest, near Alfred’s Tower, cz. 1867.
W.A.M, xxix. 227.
by the Rev. H, H. Goddard. 325°
STRATFORD SUB CASTLE.
Barrows.
1. Barrow due E. of Old Sarum Inn on E. side of track branching
off from Amesbury—Salisbury Rd. to the E. just N. of the Inn,
and §. of Rom. Rd. to Winchester, just on parish boundary.
Opened by A. Tucker, 1890. Diam. only 60ft. as it had been
partially carted away previously, and primary Bronze Age inter-
ment destroyed, only a fragment of an urn being found. 14
skeletons found. One at S.E. corner a contracted interment,
the rest at full length, and with hands crossed behind their
backs, as though tied. All men, 2 young, the rest middle-aged.
5 were buried across centre of mound, 3 on N., 4 on S., and 2 on
K. side, heads pointing in all directions. No pottery or weapons,
but two had bronze buckles over left hip. Probably bodies of
captives of Roman times. H. P. Blackmore. Salisbury Field
Club Trans. I. 49; O.M. 66 NE.; A.W. I. Station V. South.
2—4, [4a—d]. Group of 3 barrows (2—4) close together on North
Hill Down 4 mile N. of Stratford Bridgeand Dean’s Farm. O.//.
66 NE. In this position on end of hill between Stratford and
Little Durnford, A. W. I. Station V. South shows 2 groups of small
barrows, 5 and 4. The Rev. E. Duke opened 1811 a group of 7
[4a—d) apparently here. The 3 smallest contained no interment,
one of the larger ones burnt bones in cist, and the 3 others urns
with burnt bones. In one beside the urn there were fragments
of 2 “small rude cups” and the cover of one of them, now in
British Museum, 0.1.66 NE.; A.W. I. 221.
Earthworks. Old Sarum. Area within outer ditch 274 acres, circuit of
ditch 7 furlongs 26 yds. The material from outer ditch was partly
thrown outwards to raise height of counterscarp, The deepest ditch
in Wilts, 106ft. (Hoare). In centre circular ditch 103ft. deep (Hoare)
from which material was thrown inwards to form Norman motte, the
interior area of which is 17ft. above original level of hill, with high
bank round edge. All this central castle area of Norman date. Date of
outer ditch doubtful. Entrances on E. & W. That on EK. defended
by outworks. Excavations under W. H. St. John Hope and Lt.-Col.
W. Hawley 1909—1913. Reports, Proc. Soc. Ant. 2nd Ser. xxiii.
190, 512; xxiv. 52; xxv. 93, plans. Foundations of Norman Castle
and Saxon and Norman Cathedral only found. O.U. 66 NE.;
A.W. 1. 223, plan; Arch. Journ. xxxii. 292, plan.
Finds, Neolithic. Ground greenstone celt, Old Sarum. Blackmore
Museum.
Finds, Late Celtic. British gold coin, VER. on the reverse. Old
Sarum., Hawkins’ Szlver Coins 12.
Roman. Old Sarum has always been assumed to be the site of Sorbio-
dunum; but very few Roman objects have been found in the
excavations 1909—1913. On original level of ground 17ft. below
present surface of castle enclosure, walls were found which may
326 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
have been Roman (Proc. Soc. Ant. 2nd ser. xxiii. 517; xxiv. 57);
also part of quern, a few fragments of pottery and roofing tile and a
coin or two, nothing more. Coins found formerly, Ledwich Ant.
Sarisb. I. Spoon 1857, W.A.IL. iv. 249.
Roman Roads.
To Silchester the “‘ Portway ” from E. gate runs N.E., its course
lost for 3 mile then by a modern Rd. through Laverstock and
the Winterbournes. O.1. 66 NE.; A.W. Il. Roman Ara 46,
plan.
To Winchester from the E. gate, runs due E. through Ford, crosses
Andover—Salisbury Rd. 35 miles from Salisbury and points to
Middle Winterslow. A modern road all the way. O.Jf.66 NE. ;
A.W. Il. Roman Afra 58, plan.
To Vindogladia and Badbury, from E. gate, running 8S. W., crosses
Avon to the left of Stratford, crosses Salisbury—Devizes and
Salisbury— Warminster Rds. at 1st milestone in each case. Parts
of its course lost. O.Jf. 66 NE.; A.W. Il. Roman Aira 25, plan.
To River Axe, from W. gate, across Avon and Chilhampton Down,
and along the central ridge of Grovely to Dinton Beeches. Its
course lost for 33 miles from Old Sarum. O.Jf. 66 NE.; A.W.
Il. Roman Ara 38 plan.
For the above Roman Roads see Codrington Roman Roads.
STRATFORD TONY.
Earthworks. Grimsditch runing EK. & W. through Standlynch, Nunton
Odstock, and Coombe Bissett, crosses southern point of Stratford
Tony at Toyd Clump and on to form boundary of Bishopstone. OJ.
71SW.; A.W. I. 232, Station VIL. ; Anczcent Harthworks of Cranborne
Chase, 57 plan.
Roman. Roman Rd. to Old Sarum coming out of Bishopstone ran straight
N.E. across parish just W. and N. of village. Only its course is
marked on 0.47.71 NW.; A.W. II. 27 plans.
SUTTON MANDEVILLE.
Barrows. ;
1. Barrow in circular clump on narrow ridge of Buxbury Hill,
N. of ditch, S.W. of old chalk pit. O.J/.70 NW.; A.W. I. 248,
Stations VIII. [X.
2. Barrow on Sutton Down just S. of ditch at Buxbury Hill. OW.
70 NW; A.W. I. 248 Stations VIII. IX.
Earthworks. In S.W. corner of parish, on Sutton Down, Row Ditch cuts
N. & S. across the ridge and road. Well-made ditch between banks
of equal height. O.U£. 70 NW.; A.W. I. 249, Stations VIII. IX. ;
Ancient Earthworks of Cranborne Chase 64, plan xxxvi.
By the Rev. LE. H. Goddard, 327
At Buxbury Hill 2 mile S.E. of Swallowcliffe Church, ditch cuts across
very narrow ridge and track between Barrows 1 and 2, 4 mile N.W.
of Row Ditch. A deeply-sunken trackway leads down the hill at this
point. O.M. 70 NW.; A.W. I. Stations VIII. IX; Ancient Earth-
works of Cranborne Chase 64, plan xxxvi.
SUTTON VENY.
Barrows.
1. Barrow 4 mile N.W. of Crockerton Ch., W. of Warminster Water
Works, and E. of Buckler’s Wood, in extreme W. corner of parish.
O.M. 51 SE.; A.W. I. Station IT.
[la.] Barrow in A.W. I. Station II. just S.E. of Bishopstrow village,
not in O.M, 52 SW.
[1b, c.] Two barrows close together, at E. end of Pitmead, the site of
Roman villas, W. of Norton Bavant Church. One, opened 1787
by Mrs. Downes contained one large urn with burnt bones, the
other burnt bones only. A.W. I. 98; Il. Roman Ara 109, 114,
116; Gent. Mag. 1787 pp. 221, 222; Vetusta Mon. II. 3; not in
O0.M. 52 SW.
2. Large barrow, apparently Long Barrow, N.W. of old Church, 8.W.
of End Farm. O.J/.52SW.; A.W. 1. Station IV. See Appendix
Long Barrows.
3. Large Barrow partly destroyed E. of Old Church. O.1f. 52 SW.;
AW.1. Station IV. [Muchcultivated and spread about, not a
Long barrow. M.E.C.]
4. Barrow, “The Knoll,” E. of the last, close to boundary of Tyther-
ington, N.W. of Church Farm. 0.2/.52SW. ; A. W.I. Station IV.
[High and planted with trees. 1913. M.E.C.]
Group of 5 barrows (5—9Q) just E. of Warminster—Shaftesbury
Rd., at 5 miles from Warminster. OU, 58 NW.
5. Large barrow just in angle, E. of Rd. at 5 miles from Warminster,
N. of track crossing the Rd. O.J.58NW.; A.W. 1. Station IV.
6. A little distance N. of (5) barrow shown as oval in O.U. 58 NW.,
but as round in A.W.I1. Station IV. [Ditched round, much de-
faced and cut away. M.E.C.]
7. Just on N. side of (6) a large oval barrow. 0.1.58 NW.; shown
as round in A.W. 1. Station IV. [Ditched round, much defaced
and cut away. M.E.C.]
8, 9. Two round barrows close together S. of track, opposite (5).
O0.M. 58 NW.; A.W. I. Station IV.
10. Barrow on N. edge of track ? mile N.E. of (5), $ mile N. of Further
Bake Farm. O.M.58 NW.; 4.W. I. Station IV.
328 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
11. Barrow 3 mile N.W. of (10) just E. of track on Littlecombe Hill.
O.M. 58 NW.; A.W. I. Station IV.
[11a.] Hoare mentions that several barrows in this neighbourhood
disappeared with the enclosure of the commons. In one of them,
on the right of the road from Sutton to Longbridge Deverill, was
a skeleton with a drinking cup at the knees, and a plate of slate
too large for a “wristguard,” called by Hoare a “‘ breastplate,” on
the breast, with 2 boars’ tusks. A.W. I. 103, Pl. XII.; Arch.
xiii. 429 fig. 121;, W.A.U. x. 111, fig.; Stourhead Cat. 63, 64 ;
Evans’ Stone 382, 383.
[11b.] Another small barrow near here contained a skeleton with
drinking cup at its feet. A.W. I. 103.
[11c.] A dise barrow on Sutton Veny Downs, not far from Pertwood,
contained burnt bones, small bronze awl, 2 conical bone buttons,
and notched bead of tin, the only object of this metal found
in Wilts. A.W. I. 103, Pl. XII. ; Stourhead Cat. 65, 66; Evans’
Bronze, 394.
Earthworks. Inside Southleigh Wood an earthwork of squarish form,
“Robin Hood’s Bower.” Inside areaZ acre. O.J7.51 SE.; A.W. I.
50, Station IT.
[‘‘ Another small earthen work on Sutton Common.” 0.17. 52 SW.;
A.W.1.50. See Longbridge Deverill. ]
Roman. The two Roman villas spoken of as being in Pitmead lie halfway
between Bishopstrow and Norton Bavant, butin Sutton Veny parish,
4 pavements found November, 1786, described and illustrated by
Catherine Downes in Vetusta Monumenta 1777 IJ. Pl. XLIILI., all
destroyed immediately after discovery, except one said to have been
taken to Longleat, which has now disappeared. It is not clear
whether there are 2 villas or only one large one. One part opened
again by W. Cunnington 1800 showed entrance on S8.W. to corridor
72ft. x 9ft. out of which opened 5 rooms with a square room at each
end. Coin of Claudius Gothicus. A.W. II. 111—117, plan and jigs. ;
W.A.W. xxxiil. 111; Gent. Mag. lvii. 221 jig.
SWALLOWCLIFF.
[For barrow 1 mile S. of Swallowcliff Church on Ansty boundary see
Ansty 3, and for British village partly on Swallowcliff Down see
Ansty and Alvediston. ]
SWINDON,
Megalithic. At Broome Farm, just E. of Midland Railway, W. of Coate
Reservoir, a number of standing stones formerly existed. One called
Longstone, about 10ft. high, standing by itself near Broome Farm
House, and in the field below many others in a straight line. All
destroyed and taken away to pave Cricklade streets. O.Jf, 15 SE.;
Jackson’s Aubrey 193; W.A.ML, xxiii. 156.
By the Rev. EH. H. Goddard. 329
Finds, Neolithic. In the “Butts” Field, near the Midland Railway
bridge, 1894, in a grave without mound, a crouched skeleton with
dolichocephalic skull. Only flint flakes accompanied it. W.A.J.
XXVII1. 263.
Fine narrow and thin ground flint celt, and flint flake very minutely
and regularly serrated,asaw? A.D. Passmore Coll. W.A.M/. xxxiv.
309 fig. 312.
Finds, Bronze Age. On Swindon Hill, near Okus Quarries, 3 separate
interments of skeletons with drinking cups, all of the high-brimmed
globose type, with no sign of barrows over them, found 1906, 1907,
1908. One skeleton was that of an infant. A. D. Passmore Coll.
W.A.M. xxxviii. 42 figs.
Bronze looped palstave 1908 ; bronze socketed looped celt 1905 ; W.A.J/.
XXXiv. 311. Small bronze socketed looped spearhead from Cricklade
Street. Allin A. D. Passmore Coll.
Finds, Late Celtic. A number (132) of chalk loom weights found at
Okus Quarries. A skeleton found near. W.A.Jf. xxxvill.44. Bead
rim pot 1913. A. D. Passmore Coll.
[Gaulish gold uninscribed coin found “a few miles E. of Swindon.”
A.D. Passmore Coll. W.A.M. xxxiv. 311 jig.]
Roman. House at Westlecott or Okus, opened 1897. Hypocaust, quern,
painted plaster, Samian and other pottery, two bronze bow brooches,
coins of Constans, and two skeletons found. A. D. Passmore Coll.
W.A.M. xxx. 217, plans.
Pot of coins found at Westlecote 1873. W.A.J/. xiv. 180; xxx. 220.
Remains of building found in clay pit E. of Victoria Road 1906 with
much pottery, some Gaulish Samian of the 2nd century. W.A.M.
XXXvViil. 46.
In excavations from time to time along the Devizes Road from Wood
Street westwards, a great number, nearly 100, skeletons have been
found, generally about 3ft. deep. No details recorded and no relics
with them. Romano-British or Saxon? A skull found 1868 in
Cambridge Museum, No. 270, said to be Saxon. W.A.J/. xxxviii. 46.
TEFFONT EVIAS,
Finds, Neolithic. In ploughed field S. of park and N. of Rd. to mill,
many flint scrapers, flakes, cores, dc. Also in the Quarry Field, S.
of Church, flint flakes, scrapers, borer, &. C. V.Goddard. O.M.
65 SW.
Boman. On the greensand ridge, in Upper Holt Copse, $ mile E. of village,
near Chilmark boundary, much Roman pottery and earthworks.
C. V. Goddard 1913. O.Jf. 65 NW.
In the quarry S. of Church several skeletons (? of what age) have beeu
found. Also Romano-British pottery fragments. C. V. Goddard.
O.M. 65 SW.
Interment in slab cist with iron nails (? of what age), N. of Hamcross
Farm. C. V. Goddard.
|VOL. XXXVIII.—NO. CXX. Z
330 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities,
TEFFONT MAGNA.
{
Barrows.
1. Barrow on parish boundary and ditch, just W. of Dinton Beeches. —
0.M. 59 SW.; A.W.I. Station IV.
Earthworks. Wick Ball Camp, in wood just W. of Dinton House,
irregular oblong following contour of hill, single ditch, area 9 acres,
circuit 3 furlongs 176 yds. Entrance apparently at N.W. angle. —
O.M. 65 NW.; A.W. I. 252. [This should have been given under —
Dinton, to which it belongs, the Teffont boundary following its ditch —
round 2 sides. | :
The ditch running with many angles W. from Dinton Beeches forms
the whole N. boundary of parish. 0.1.59 SW.; A.W.I. 109, Station
IV.
Finds, Bronze Age. Bronze rapier-shaped dagger, 1907. Devizes Mu-
seum Cat. Il. B3; Reliquary, xiv. 243 fig.
TIDCOMBE AND FOSBURY.
Barrows.
1. Tidcombe Long Barrow, 4 mile S. of Church, just W. of Rd. to
Scots Poor. Opened Rev. W. C. Lukis. OJ. 43 NW.; Arch.
vill. 91; xlii. 229; A.W. 1.187; notshownin A.W I.Station VI. |
or II. Station X., where 2 round barrows are shown in its place,
but marked on plan of Roman Rd. Cunetio to Winchester, A.W.
Roman Afra II. 67. See Appendix Long Barrows.
{[la—d.] A.W. I. Station VI. shows apparently on Tidcombe Hill W.
of Tidcombe 4 round barrows, not in O.2/. 43 NW.
Earthworks. Ditch coming out of Collingbourne Kingston, across Shal-
bourne into Fosbury, passes N. of Fosbury House into Shalbourne
again, can be traced nearly the whole way. O.G.S. Crawford 1913;
only partly shown on O.U/.; A.W.1. Station VI.
Line of ditch runs for 2 mile along edge of Tidcombe Down W. and S.
of village and turns S. into Shalbourne by the Long Barrow to
Maccoombe Down and then E. again. O.J/.43 NW. & SW.
“Hosbury Camp,” “Haydon Hill Castle,” or “ Knoll Ditches,” strong
camp near Hampshire border, outline irregular, single ditch, strong
rampart, entrance on HE. side, and 2 others close together on W.
Hoare thinks the most westerly the original. O.J/. 43 SW. & SE.;
A.W. 1. 188, plan, Station VI.
Roman. Rvad, Cunetio to Winchester, coming from Marten runs,N.W. to
S.E. to opposite Tidcombe, then curves §.W. to avoid hill and forms
boundary of Tidcombe and Shalbourne. 0.27, 43 NW. ; A.W. IL.
Roman Ara 67 plan.
TIDWORTH, NORTH.
Barrows. ; i
1. Barrow + mile S. of Sidbury, on edge of Sidbury Hill Plantation,
O.M. 48 SW.; notin A.W.; Soc. Ant. Map. 122.
By the Rev. kh. H, Goddard. 331
2. Barrow 1 mile S.W. of Sidbury close N. of track and E. of Figheldean
border. O.M. 48 SW.; A.W.1I. Station VI. ; Soc. Ant. Map 118.
[2a.] Barrow on Tick Pit (or Pick Pit) Hill % mile N.E. of North
Manor Farm. Shownin A.W. I. Station VI. ; not in 0.27. 48 SE.
[On W. side of Chalk Pit Hill, 8. of Sidbury, A.W. I. Station VI.
Marks 13 barrows. Apparently these are “The Seven Barrows”
group of 9 just over the Hampshire border, about 1 mile S. of
Sidbury. O.Jf. 48 SW.]
Earthworks. Sidbury (“Chidbury,’ Hoare) Camp. Strong situation, on
nearly isolated hill, very conspicuous. Heart-shaped. Double ditch.
Principal entrance on N.W. protected by outwork. Another entrance
on EH. Area 17 acres. Circuit of inner ditch 5 furlongs 101 yds.
O.M. 48 SW.; A.W. I. 180 plan 181; Soc. Ant. Map 89.
From N.W. entrance a bold straight bank and ditch like a Roman Road
extends 1 mile and 88 yds. N.W. towards Everley, intersecting a disc
barrow, and further on forms boundary between Fittleton and Coll.
Ducis and Coll. Kingston.
From the E. side of Sidbury a ditch runs straight EK. ? mile to the
Pennings. O.M. 48 SW. & SE.; Soc. Ant. Map 101.
From near §.W. corner of Sidbury a ditch runs towards Dunch Hill
Plantation, where it enters Figheldean. Only-part of its course
shown on 0.17. 48 SW. Soc. Ant. Map 121.
From Lambdown Furze a ditch runs N.E. straight for # mile towards
Ludgershall, across Perham Down E. of the Reservoir. O.J1f. 48 SE.
Finds, Bronze Age. Bronze winged celt. Sidbury Hill. Proc. Soc.
Ant. Lond. 2nd Ser. ix. 227; W.A.M. xxxviii. 115.
Perforated stone axe hammer of dark hard stone. Blackmore Museum.
oman. “British village almost immediately under Chidbury Hill.”
“Found some remains of good masonry being part of an Hypo-
caustum.” Cunnington MS. II. 211.
TILSHEAD.,
Barrows. ‘
1. Kill Barrow, on boundary of Chitterne All Saints. Barrow of oval
shape without visible ditches at sides, but believed by Dr. Thurnam
to be a true Long Barrow. O.M. 46 SW.; A.W. I. 89, Station III.
See Appendix Long Barrows.
2 Long Barrow S. of Tilshead Lodge, close to N. side of Old Ditch,
which curves round it. O.Jf.53 NW.; A.W. I. 90, Station ITI.
See Appendix Long Barrows. ;
3. Small round barrow close to EK. end of Long Barrow (2). O.1/. 53
NW.; A.JV. I. Station IIT.
4 White Barrow, Long Barrow, just W. of Tilshead—Shrewton Rd.
Old Ditch turns at sharp angle at this point. O.1/.53 NE. ;
A.W.1. 91, Station III.; WA. xxxvi. 188. See Appendix
Long Barrows.
22
|
|
332 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
5. Long Barrow W. of Tilshead Lodge. 0.12.53 NW.; A.W. I. 91,
Station III. See Appendix Long Barrows.
Three barrows about midway between Tilshead Lodge and Kill —
Barrow are shown in A.W. I. Station IIT. Not in OJ.
6. Small barrow N.W. of White Barrow, on N. side of Old Ditch.
O.M.53 NE.; A.W. I. Station IIT.
7. Long Barrow in Barrow Plantation KE. of Kast Down Farm, 2 miles ©
N.E. of Tilshead. O.Jf 46 SE.; A.W. 1. 93, Station III. See |
Appendix Long Barrows. 4
8. Small round barrow just S. of East Down Plantation, } mile S.W. |
of the last. OU. 46 SE.; A.W. I. Station IIT. q
Earthworks. Old Ditch is shown in A. JV. I. Station III. as beginning to
the W. of Knook Castle and running roughly S.W. to N.E. right |
across the Plain, N. of Chitterne, then with a break on to Kill Barrow, —
round the 8. side of which it curves, and on to White Barrow, where |
it turns at a sharp angleS. of Tilshead, across the Shrewton Rd. and in |
N.E. direction until it meets another ditch on Tilshead East Down, ~
running N.W. & S.E. at right angles ; this latter ditch runs on into |
Orcheston St. George. Old Ditch forms boundary between Tilshead |
and Orcheston St. Mary. O.Jf. 46 SE.; 53 NW.; A.W. I. 89—91, |
Station IIT. O.J. 46 SE. shows a short cross ditch meeting Old
Ditch on E. side } mile N. of “Silver Barrow.” At this point in |
1911 during the making of a new military road, at the point of inter- |
section 2 skeletons were found lying lengthways in the ditch the feet |
of one to the head of the other, of doubtful age. M.E.C. ,
Finds, Bronze Age. A crouched skeleton covered with large flints |
without relics. ? of what period. Found 1887. JW_A.Jf. xxix. 181.
Finds, Late Celtic. Greek silver coin of Alexander the Great, 191m
W.A.M, xxxvii. 107.
TISBURY, EAST AND WEST.
Barrows. a
1. Barrow in E. Tisbury + mile S. of Ashley Wood, 3 mile N. of Place
Farm. O Jf. 64S.E.; notin A. IV.
Earthworks. Hoare, quoting MS. Note of W. Gommineton says, in a
field near Place Farm (O./. 64 SE.) was a circular work with vallum
set round with stones, and a large stone erect in centre. This stone
12ft. high x 4ft. wide removed to Wardour Castle. Close to its base
a skeleton 18in. below surface. A.W. I. 251. Nothing remains of
this.
Finds, Bronze Age. Hoard of 7 gold bracelets and portion of another,
with gold “Dress fastener” precisely of Irish type, of Late Bronze !
Age. British Museum. Gwide to Bronze Age 147, fig. 141.
Finds, Late Celtic. British coin.
Roman. Outer Ashley Wood Down Camp (? in this parish) excavated by
B. Stallybrass 1904. A Rom.-Brit. cattle pen? Roman pottery at
bottom of ditch. Not shown in O.Jf. 64 SE.; W.A.M. xxxiv. 418.
by the Rev. EL, H. Goddard. 330
TOCKENHAM.
Roman. A relief of a figure in a niche, Asculapius? called by Aubrey
St. Christopher, (Jackson’s Aubrey 194), built into exterior wall of
Church W. of 8. door.
TOLLARD ROYAL.
Barrows.
1. Barrow close to earthworks on Berwick Down or Straight Knapp.
O.M. 74 NE. ; not in A.W. I. Stations VIIL., IX.
2. Barrow 4 mile b. of Ashmore School N. of Wiltshire Coppice on
E. edge of course of Roman Rd. O.d2. 74 SW.; not in A.W. I.
Stations VIIL, IX.
Earthworks. Irregular enclosure and ditch on Berwick Down. O.M.
74 NE.; notin A.W. I. Stations VIII, IX.
Ditch runs N.E. across Dorset border cat Wiltshire Coppice, = mile
S.E. of Ashmore village. O.J. 74 SW.
Short bank and ditch across trackway and narrow ridge 14 mile N. of
Tollard village at Horse Down Clump between top of Jagdens and
top of Malacombe Bottom (?in Berwick St. John) 150 yds. long,
bank to S. Not in O.Jf 74 NE. 250 yds. further 8. fragment of
another bank and ditch crossing track, mostly destroyed by cultiva-
tion, bankto N. O.M. 74 NE.; Ancient Earthworks of Cranbourne
Chase 65, plan XL.
Finds, Late Celtic. Hoard of British coins. Journal Brit. Arch. Assoc.
II. 336.
Roman, Pottery found on Berwick Down or Straight Knap 1881. No
details, British village? O.1f.74 NE. Line of Rom. Rd. running
N.W. crosses county and parish boundary at Wiltshire Coppice
pointing straight to barrow 2.
UPAVON.
arrows.
1. Barrow, Upavon Down, just N. of Devizes—Andover Rd. at 11
mile from Devizes. O.Jf. 41 SE.; A.W. I. Station VI. ; Soc. :
Ant. Map 12.
[la.] 1 barrow E. of this and S. of the road, between the road and
Lidbury Camp. A.W.I. Station VI. Notshown on O.J/. De-
stroyed Oct., 1912, to make the War Office Flying Ground.
Opened by B. H. Cunnington. One cist with burnt bones, and
two empty cists. Had been opened before. W.A.M/. xxxvii. 603.
arthworks. Casterley Camp([Catterley Banks], 2 miles S. W. of Upavon
village, single ditch and vallum of varying height. Shape irregular,
area 68 acres, circuit 12 miles. Hoare shows many works of irregular
shape in centre of camp. These had all been ploughed down and
disappeared before the excavations by B. H. & Mrs. Cunnington
1909—12, which proved outer ditches and inner works to be all of
334 Last of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities,
one date, probably early in 1st century A.D., but it continued to be
inhabited in Roman times down to the 4th century. Coins from
Claudius to Constantine. Much bead-rim pottery and wares im-
ported from Gaul. Three pit-dwellings in the area of the camp
probably of earlier date than the earthworks, and had no connection
with them. Late Celtic period. Iron brooch, sling bullet, loom
weights, &. O.M. 47NW.; W.A.M. xxxviii. 53 jigs. and plans;
A.W. 1.177 plan; Soc. Ant. Map 27.
A bank and ditch leave the camp and run over the down on S., another
on the W. side running through Rushall, Charlton, and Wilsford,
into Marden. O.M. 47 NW.
Ditch coming from Ell Barrow running W. to EK. crosses Upavon
forming parish boundary at one point S. of Thornham Down, and
goes on E. into Enford. O.M. 47 NW.; A.W. I. 175, Station V. ;
Soc. Ant. Map 28.
Finds, Neolithic. Fine polished flint celt in Brit. Museum. Arch.
xii. 407; W.A.dL. x. 37.
Fine lozenge-shaped flint arrowhead. Stevens’ Flint Chips'72; Evans’
Stone 338; Arch Journ. xviii. 75.
Tanged and barbed arrowhead, and long unbarbed ditto. Blackmore
Museum.
Late Celtic and Roman. See Earthworks, Casterley Camp, above. |
UPTON LOVELL.
Barrows.
On Upton Lovell Down 8S. of the Amesbury Rd., # to 1 mile S. of i
Knook Castle, A. W. 1. Station III. shows 6 barrows opened by Hoare
only 2 of civic a, Nos. (6) and (4 or (5), are shown on O.J/, 52 Ska
The numbers in brackets thus (6) are Hoare’s.
1. (6) “Great Barrow,” 1 mile S.W: of Knook Castle, 4 mile S. of
Amesbury Rd., bell-shaped with ditch. Shallow cist in centre ;
with burnt ones! and necklace of beads, 16 of cylindrical |
notched glass, 5 of lignite, 27 of amber. Stags’ horns ‘and quanti- —
ties of ashes in body of mound. O.J/. 52 SE.; A.W. 1.76;
Stourhead Cat. 14 b, d. figs.
2. (51%) Barrow 3 mileN.E. of 1. Opened 1801. Im centre, shallow
circular cist, heap of burnt bones covering bronze dagger. 2ft.
to S, of this an urn inverted filled with ashes, charred wood, and
small fragments of bone. 0.1.52 SE.; A.W. 1.76; Stourhead
Cat. 46.
[2a.] (4) Small low barrow opened by Cunnington 1801. In oval
cist 3ft. deep, skeleton of man lying on his back, another skele-
ton, of female, in sitting posture with head near surface of
ground. At the feet of the larger skeleton great number of |
pointed and perforated bone implements, 3 ground flint celts,
By the Rev. LE. H. Goddard. 335
flat and grooved whetstones, 5 stone mullers, keeled sarsen mul-
ler, boar’s tusks perforated, bone implements like paper knives,
“eagle stones” or hollow flints, perforated hammer axe of Diorite,
and fragments of 2 more, lignite ring and beads, cylindrical bone
bead, tanged bronze awl, oval pebble hammer stone. Stourhead
Cat. 1—10, 12, figs.; A.W. 1.75, 76, Pl. V.—VILI. Station III. ;
not in O.W/, 52 SE.
[2b.] (2) Low barrow opened by Hoare, 4 mile W. of 1, perhaps
in Knook? Burnt bones in cist in centre. In a circle round
it at distance of 4ft. five urns, none preserved. A.W. I. 75
Station III.; not in O.J/. 52 SE.
[2c.] (8) Low barrow just E. of the last (in Knook?) opened by
Hoare. Skeleton with fine drinking cup. A.W. I. 75, Pl. IX.
Station IIT. ; Stourhead Cat. 13; not in O.W/. 52 SE.
[2d.] (1) Barrow S. of 2b, 2c. Opened by Hoare. In centre large
urn containing burnt bones and bone tweezers; at 6ft. from
centre in different directions 3 small urn-shaped vessels. A.W.
I. 74 Pl. IX. Station IIT. ; Stourhead Cat. 48, 45 jig.; not in
OM, 52 SE.
[2e.] “Golden Barrow” in valley on N. bank of Wily River, about 4
mile §.E. of Upton Lovell Manor Farm. Opened 1803 and
1807. In centre a heap of burnt bones in oblong cist about 1ft.
6in. deep without relics. Nearer surface of barrow a second
pile of burnt bones, and 1ft. away a quantity of ashes with small
fragments of burnt bone. 2ft. from the pile of burnt bones were
13 small drum-shaped beads or buttons of thin gold; a plate of
thin gold which had probably covered a wooden foundation
covered with engraved ornament, 6in. X 3in.; a large conical
lignite button covered with thin gold; two small conical orna-
ments of thin gold ; a necklace composed of several flat perfor-
ated plates and more than 1,000 beds of amber ; a long tanged
bronze awl; a “grape cup”; a small thin bronze knife dagger ;
a small plain urn-shaped vessel inside a larger urn. A.W. I.
98; Pls. X., XI.,Station IV. ; Stourhead Cat. 50—62 figs. ; Evans’
Bronze 189 figs. 223, 224; Evans’ Stone 414; Arch. xlili. 466 ;
not in 0.7. 58 NE.
Earthworks. Knook Castle, oblong enclosure, single ditch, entrance on
SE., in Upton Lovell, but near Knook boundary, 2 miles N.E. of
Knook. O.J/. 52 SE. ; A.W. I. 84 plan, Station III.
Old Ditch. Hoare, A.W. I. 90 Station III., shows one branch of Old
Ditch beginning just N. of Amesbury Rd., running N. and then
slightly N.E.to point about # mile N.E. of Knook Castle where
it makes an abrupt angle to S.E. and then continues E., another
branch running W. to H. across Knook Down joins it at right angles
at Knook Castle. O.2f. 52 SK. and NE. shows the ditch only from
Knook Castle N. and E. forming the parish boundary throughout,
and a short length of the ditch coming W. to E. and joining at
336 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
Knook Castle. The two British villages mentioned below are on
the line of Old Ditch.
Finds, Neolithic. In one of the banks of the British village N.W. of
Knook Castle Hoare found skeleton with ground celt of black stone
at its feet. O.M. 52 NE,; A.W.I. 85, Pl. IX.; Stourhead Cat. 14;
Hyvans’ Stone 134.
Roman. Two British villages, one just N. of Knook Castle the other +
mile N.E. of it, connected by Old Ditch,which, says Hoare, has been
destroyed by one of them, 7.¢., the ditch is older than the settlement.
Abundance of coins, T-shaped hypocaust regularly built of masonry,
painted stucco, brick flues, pit coal, pottery, brooches, &e. O.J/. 52
NE. ; A.W. I. 84, 85, plan, Station III.; Britton’s Beauties of Wilts,
Il. 52; W.A.M. xxxiv. 272; xxxvii. 496.
UPTON SCUDAMORE.
Barrows.
In arable land W. of Warminster Road and E. of railway, + mile
S. of Church, 2 barrows close together (1, 1a). opened by Hoare
1809. O.M. 51 NE.; A.W. 1. 52, Station IT. O.J/. shows only
barrow 1. ;
1. The largest 94ft. diam. X 13ft. high. At depth of 5ft. from surface |
of barrow a skeleton which had been deposited in a wooden box
or trunk of a tree with a small bronze knife or dagger. On floor |
great quantity of wood ashes, and a few feet from the centre an |
urn standing upright with burnt bones.
[1a.] The second barrow had been partially opened some years before ©
and a skeleton found. In the floor of the barrow a large oblong
grave 5ft. deep containing skeleton, “underneath it was a little
well, as if designed to draw the moisture from the body.” 23ft. |
above this was a regular floor covered with black ashes.
2. Upton Cow Down. Hoare, A.W. I. 54, mentions a mutilated |
barrow near the earthwork on the point of this down. Ap- ~
parently that shown above White Scar Hanging in O./. 44 SE.
[Nos. 3—9 are in 0.0. 45 SW. A.I. I. Station IT. shows 5 bar- —
rows on E. edge of trackway and 6 scattered to S.W. of it, none —
of which were opened by Hoare. It seems impossible to identify
these with those on O.U/. 45 SW.] ;
3. Barrow on Warminster boundary on N.H. edge of Dirtley Wood.
O.M. 45 SW.; A.W. I. Station II.
4. Barrow N. of last near old chalk pit. OJ. 45 SW.; apparently
not in A.W. I. Station IL.
5. Site of barrow on Warminster boundary 34 mile 8.W. of Dirtley
Wood. OW. 45 SW.; A.W. I. Station II.
By the Rev. EH. H, Goddard. 337
6—8. Three barrows just on E. side of trackway 3 mile E. of the last,
some distance apart. O.Mf. 45 SW.; A.W. I. Station II. shows
5 barrows apparently here ?
9. Barrow just E. of 6 atjunction of Upton, Warminster, and Bratton.
O.M. 45 SW.
10. Barrow in village just E. of Temples Farm. O.U. 44 SE.; notin
A.W. 1. Station IT.
[For large barrow mentioned A.J. I. 54 see Westbury. |
Earthworks. “Old Ditch,” on Upton Cow Down is shown by Hoare
running N.W.toS.E. A.W.1.55, Station II. Notin 0. 44 SE. ;
45 SW.
Finds, Bronze Age. Portion of bronze dagger 1859. W-.A.M. vi. 260.
Roman. Remains in fields about Thoulston and Row Turnpike. A.W.
I. 53.
Bronze brooch, W.A.M/. ix. 24.
URCHFONT.
Barrows.
1. A barrow on E. side of Ridgeway on edge of chalk pit at Penning
Down. O.M. 40 SE.; Soc. Ant. Map 1.
2. Another just to N. of the last on W. side of Ridgeway. O.J/. 40
SE. ; not numbered on Soc. Ant. Map.
3. Barrowon Urchfont Hill 8. of point where Ridgeway and track to
Urchfont Hill Farm diverge, just on W. side of track. OM.
40 SE. ; Soc. Ant. Map 2.
4,5. Two barrows close together just on S. edge of Witcombe Plan-
tation on Great Fore Down. O.M. 40 SE.; Soc. Ant. Map 3.
[5a.] A.W. I. Station IL]. shows one barrow W. of Devizes—Salisbury
Rd. apparently on Urchfont Down, not shown on O. M.
Ridgeway coming from Gore Cross to near Broadbury follows the es-
carpment of Urchfont Hill. O.4f. 40 SE.; A.W. I. 176.
Finds, Neolithic (?) 5 mullers of sarsen and 3 of flint. Devizes Museum
Cat. II. 51.
Finds, Bronze Age. Bronze socketed looped celt found on downs, 1835.
Devizes Museum Cat. II. B27; W.A.M, xxxvi. 508; xxxvil. 136.
Finds, Late Celtic. Wedhampton. Large iron brooch of La Tene I. (2)
type. 1870. Devizes Museum Cat. II. 305 fig.
WANBOROUGH.
Barrows.
1. Bowl-shaped barrow at Popple Church N. of Sheepwalk Plantation
200 yds. S. of Rd. Cricklade to Hungerford near Aldbourne
boundary. Opened A. D. Passmore 1895. Burnt bones with
bronze knife and flint arrowhead on floor of barrow. OJ. 23
NE.; W.A.W/. xxviii. 262 [wrongly said to be in Aldbourne].
338 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
Earthworks. Just W.of Foxbridge and Wanborough Marsh a rectangular
entrenchment marked “ Moat.” O.U. 16 NW.
The Ridgeway. “Ichnield Way” runs across parish from S.W. to N.E.
cutting the Rom. Rd. at Ridgeway Cottages near Foxhill. O.J/. 16
SE.; A.W. II. 46.
Roman. Many Roman foundations, &c., at Lotmead and Covingham Farm,
where Hoare places site of Rom. station Nidum. A.W. II. Roman
Ara 94 plan; W.A.M. xi. 344 ; xxxviil. 45.
2000 coins found here 1689 at the Nythe. Jackson’s Aubrey 195.
Other coins found, W.A.Jf. xiv. 155; xxv. 139. Coins at Badbury,
W.A.M. xi. 343. Much pottery and many coins round barrow at
Popplechurch. A. D. Passmore.
The Roman Road, Ermine Street, Cricklade to Hungerford, runs
straight N.W. to S.E. through the parish from Nythe bridge,
through Lower Wanborough, and Wanborough Plain past Covingham
Farm on the W. ; at this point another road from Marlborough joins
it forming from here to Wick Lane the boundary of Wanborough
and Liddington. 0.17.16 NW. & SE.; 23 NW.; A.W. II. Roman
Ara 92 plan.
WARDOUR.
Earthworks. Castle Ditches Camp, on commanding site. ‘Triple banks
and ditches, entrance on E. side protected by 3 additional smaller
banks and ditches, and small one on opposite side. Area 25 acres,
all cultivated, the banks and ditches all under wood 1913. Circuit
7 furlongs, 88 yds. O.Uf. 64 SE.; A.W. I. 250 plan, 251, Stations
VIII. and IX.; Ancient Harthworks of Cranborne Chase, plan, p. 17.
Finds, Bronze Age. Cinerary urn, Farnham Museum. Pitt-Rivers Ha.
II. 12.
WARMINSTER.
Barrows.
1. On Arn Hill 14 mile N. of Station, Long Barrow near Colloway
Clump. O.M@.51 NE.; A.W. 1.65, Station II. See Appendix
Long Barrows.
2. Small barrow just S.E. of the Long Barrow (1). O.4/, 51 NE. ;
not in A. W. I. Station IT.
3. Barrow on centre of Arn Hill # mile N. of Station, apparently
that opened by Hoare. A ditch with vallum outside it through
which were two entrances on E. and W. sides. On the floor a
small circular cist containing a few black ashes. Deep in the
body of the mound, iron spear head, halves of 2 horse shoes,
nails, and Roman pottery. O.J/.51 NE; A.W. 1.65, Station II.
4, 5. Two barrows close together on S.W. edge of Arn Hill, on
Warminster Golf Course. In December, 1911, the smaller
By the Rev. HE. H. Goddard. 339
barrow to the S. (5) was destroyed and the material heaped up
over the larger barrow to the N. to form a tee. In the smaller
barrow were found a number of flat stone tiles, two of them
carefully perforated, a large cinerary urn inverted over burnt
bones and a small perforated whetstone. Later in January,
1912, another cinerary urn was found in the S.W. side of the
barrow. Devizes Museum. O.J/.51 NE.; A.W. I. Station IL. ;
W.A.M. xxxvii. 496, 539 figs.
6. Oxendean Down 1 mile N.E. of Battlesbury, Long Barrow opened
by Hoare and Dr. Thurman. 0.1.52 NW.; A.W. 1. 66, Station
Il. ; Arch. xlii. 180; Stourhead Cat. 202. See Appendix Long
Barrows.
7, 8. Tworound barrows on same down N. of the Long Barrow,
close together, opened by W. Cunnington. In the eastermost
(7) in grave 5ft. from surface a skeleton ; in that to the W. (8)
at depth of 3ft. a skeleton. O.Uf, 45 SW. ; A.W. I. 66, Station IT.
[Now enclosed in small poultry farm, and one of them partly
dug away. 1914. M.E.C.]
9. Barrow N. of the last on the line of Old Ditch, not opened. OI.
45 SW.; A.W. I. 66, Station II.
9a. Barrow 3 mile N. of the last on Warminster Down. O.M. 45
SW. ; not in 4. W. I. Station II.
10. Cop Heap Hill (Cop Head, in Hoare), + mile N.E. of Station,
barrow with ditch and bank, opened by Hoare 1809. On S.E.
side a skeleton with head to S. with some pieces of flint, frag-
ments of stag’s horn, and stag’s horn perforated hammer. On the
W. side just below the floor a skeleton with head to W. On the
N. side a grave 2ft. deep, with skeletons of adult female and
infant with shell of Purpura. On the floor of the barrow a heap
of burnt bones with 6 notched ivory beads. O.//.51 NE.; A.W.
I. 67, 68, Station IL.; Arch. xliii. 490; Stourhead Cat. 224—
2246 ; Evans’ Stone, 389.
11. Battlesbury Camp. J.arge round barrow in the inner ditch of
the camp at the S.W. angle, opened by W. Cunnington, no inter-
ment found. O.M. 52 NW.; A.W. I. 68, plan of camp.
12, 13. Two smaller barrows on W. side of the last (11), partly
under the rampart, opened by W. Cunnington. In one a cist
with burnt bones. In the smallest, two skeletons, the head of
the smallest on the breast of the other, with a ring or bead of
stone. The builders of the camp apparently respected the already
existing barrows (L1—13). O.1.52 NW.; A.W. I. 68, plan;
Stourhead Cat. 293. The two smaller barrows though marked
“tumuli ” are not distinctly shown on 0.17. 52 NW.
340 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
14. Boreham, in grounds of Bishopstrow House “ King Barrow,” Long
barrow lying N. and S. with larger end to N., opened 1800 and
later by Hoare. O.Jf. 52 NW.; A.W. I. 72. See Appendix
Long Barrows.
[For round barrow just S. of it see Bishopstrow].
“From a disc barrow at Warminster” a polished flint celt in col-
lection of Rev. W. H. Winwood, Arch. xliii. 407.
Earthworks. Battlesbury, very strong camp, ditch follows edge of
irregular point of down. Entrances E. & W., both guarded by
outworks. Double rampart with one very deep ditch. Onthe N. &
S., an additional smaller rampart and ditch added. Area 23% acres,
circuit 7 furlongs, 66 yds. OM. 52 NW.; A.W. 1. 68, plan, Station
II.
Arn Hill, at point of hill over the Lime Kilns, a “ mutilated camp
which when complete was nearly of a square form.” O.J/. 51 NE. ;
A.W. I. 65 Station II.
On projecting point of Mancombe Down above the rifle range, N. of
Battlesbury just E. of Mancombe Wood, “a circular earthwork with
one entrance to S.H. and apparently another towards the W.” Diam.
about 280ft. O.1.52 NW.: A.W. I. 66.
On Warminster Down, 14 miles N. of Battlesbury, Old Ditch runs from
Dirtley Wood across the down in wavy course to Bishopstrow
boundary and on over Boreham Down. O.J/. 45 SW.; A.W. I. 54
Station IT.
Finds, Bronze Age. Bronze spear head socketed, unlooped, of peculiar
form said to have been found at Battlesbury. Salisbury Museum.
W.A.M. xxxvii. 105 pl. vi. fig. 5.
Roman. Coins at Battlesbury. A.W. 1.69; W.A.d/. xxxiv. 272.
Coins at Warminster Common. W.A.J/. xxxiv. 272.
In the fields below Middle Hill much pottery found. A.W. I. 69.
See also Barrow 3 above.
Saxon. In long barrow (14) in grounds of Bishopstrow House, 3 skeletons
lying S.W. to N.E. found 14ft. under surface of barrow. Iron seax
near thigh of one. A.W. I. 72.
WESTBURY.
Barrows.
1—3. Three barrows on Four Hundred Down, W. of Hill Farm.
O.M. 45 SW.
4—6. Three barrows on Thirteen Hundred Down N.E. of Ranscombe
Bottom. O.M@. 45 SW. Apparently only the westernmost of
the three is shown on A.JV. I. 54, Station IJ. This was the
circular barrow opened by Hoare, 60ft. in diam., 44ft. high, no
ditch, but a number of circular excavations round it from which
material had been taken to make the barrow. Amongst several
large sarsen stones and flints 7 or 8 skeletons lying in ever
By the Rev. H. H. Goddard, 341
direction, confusedly, nothing else found. Unlike any other
round barrow opened by him says Hoare, more like a Long
barrow.
Earthworks. Rectangular moat, medieval? 4 mile E. of Penleigh House.
O.M, 44 NE.
“On Eastern declivity of Upton (Cow) Down overlooking the valley
is a small oblong earthen work with an entrance at the S.W. corner.”
207ft. x 129ft. A.W.1.54 Station II. This is the earthwork on
the parish boundary on point of hill above White Scar Hanging
4 mile SE. of Chalford. O.Uf. 44 SE.
Roman, see Heywood.
WESTWOOD.
Finds, Neolithic. In field just N. of road and old quarry + mile NE. of
Iford Manor and + mile SW. of Chapel at Upper Westwood, 2 por-
tions of ground flint celts and numbers of scrapers and other worked
flints. W.G. Collins Coll. O.J£. 38 NW.
Roman. In same field as above, a smallrude oval stone coffin containing
skeleton of young girl found 1906 (Bath Museum); also much pottery,
Samian of from 50—150 A.D. ; bronze pin (Devizes Museum) ; frag-
ments of roof and flue tile, &e. O.J/.38 NW.
WHITEPARISH.
Barrows.
1. Barrow in Great Plantation, Cowesfield Wood, just S. of Romsey
Rd., S. of Cowesfield -Park. OW. 72 SE.; not in A.W. T.
Station VII.
2. Abarrow? “The Mount” projecting 8. from Mount Copse 4 mile
N.W. of Cowesfield House. Not marked “tumulus” in OJ.
72 SE. ; not in A.W. I. Station VII.
Finds, Neolithic. Ground flint celt, Blackmore Museum.
WILCOT AND OARE.
Barrows.
On edge of Draycot Hill above Huish, 8. of Gopher Wood, a group of
five barrows (1—5) close together. O.1/.35 NE. ; Smith p. 211,
XVI. K. VIII. b,c, d,e,f. Hoare however, A.W. II., Station X.
shows an additional round barrow [5a]. Of these 3 round
barrows were opened by W. Cunnington. In one an urn and 2
perforated bone pins ; in the second a cist with a bone pin ; in
the third “a well-formed bell barrow,” 2 interments near the
top, and below these an urn containing incense cup, bone pin,
and bronze awl.
1,2. (b,c) Bowl-shaped barrows, not opened.
342 Last of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
3. Oval Barrow. Hoare, A.W. II. 11, speaks of it as a “Long Bar-
row of low elevation and has three depressions at equal distances
indicating as many places of interment.” Opened by Thurnam
1863, burnt bones in cists in chalk at eastern and central de-
pressions, nothing under western depression, no other objects.
WAM, xi. 42; Arch. xliii. 296 note.
4. (e) Apparently a twin barrow, not opened.
5. (f) Small bowl shaped barrow, not opened.
[Sa] Additional round barrow shown by Hoare A.W. II. Station X.
Earthworks. On narrow promontory of down running 8.K. from Martin-
sell Camp, pointing to Oare village, the point is cut off by two
ramparts, One a very strong one, says Hoare. A.W.I1I.9. O.M/. 35
SE. calls these “ Giants’ Grave.”
The bank and ditch running W. from the N.E. corner of Martinsell
Camp (in Pewsey) runs at the back of Rainscombe.to the road on
Oare Hill, forming the southern boundary of extensive British
village with enclosures eastward of the road on the crest of the hill
towards Huish. Hoare regards it as more a covered way than a
defence, the bank is outside the ditch. A.W. II.10; O.Jf. 35 NE.
Finds, Neolithic. 2 ground flint celts. Devizes Museum Caz, II. 14.
15. Flint arrowheads. W.A.M. ix. 27.
[Part of Golden Ball Hill is in Wilcot, but its flints are mentioned
under Alton Priors. ]
Finds, Bronze Age. Largest bronze spearhead found in Wilts. Devizes
Museum Cat. II. B4; W.A.W. xxxv. 605.
Roman. On Huish Hill4 mile N. of Oare, extensive British Settlement
extending into Huish. OJ. 35 NE. ; A.W. II. 10, 11 plan.
Draycot Farm, Roman pottery, dc. A.W. II. 11.
WILSFORD (PEWSEY VALE).
Barrows.
1, 2. On Wilsford Hill 4 mile S. of Broadbury Banks two barrows
about 3 mile apart (1) the most westerly. O.1/.41SW.; A.W.
I. Station V.; Soc. Ant. Map 9, 10. :
3. Ell Barrow, Long Barrow at extreme 8. point of parish. Opened y
by Thurnam. O.M. 46 NE.; A.W. I. 175, Station V.; Arch.
xlii. 180; Soc. Ant. Map 69. See Appendix Long Barrows.
The Ridgeway roughly following escarpment from Gore Cross apparently
comes down into Pewsey Vale near Broadbury. O.Jf 41 SW.
Earthworks. Broadbury Banks Camp, on edge of escarpment on Wilsford
Hill about 1 mile S.W. of village. ‘The vestiges of either an un-
finished or a mutilated camp” (Hoare). Hoare dug but found no
signs of residence init. O.J£. 41 SW.; A.W. I. 177.
The line of “Long Ditch” coming from Marden Down runs W. to E.
across parish with interruptions on Wilsford Down, going on to
Charlton Down. O.M. 47 NW.; Soc Ant. Map 23.
By the Rev. LE. H. Goddard. 343
Finds, Neolithic. 3 ground flint celts. Devizes Museum Catz. II. 2, 5,
19; W.A.. ix. 24.
4 flint arrowheads. W.A.M/. i. 60; ix. 24.
Finds, Bronze Age. Bronze sword or long dagger and small socketed
looped celt, found on the down. Devizes Museum Cat. II. B1; B 21.
Bronze spear heads mentioned. W.A.J/. 1. 61; ix. 24.
Rude British urn. W.A.M. i. 61.
Finds, Late Celtic. Small bronze pendant head of pin. Devizes Mu-
seum Cat. II. 346. W.A.W. xxxv. 403, 406 fig. 25; Reliquary, xiv.
101 fig.. 22.
A vessel of heavy thick pottery from the down probably of this date.
Devizes Museum Cat. IT. 232.
N.W. of Broadbury Banks at a chalk pit between 400 and 500 ft. contour
lines, 6 dwelling pits excavated by B. H. & Mrs. Cunnington in 1910
—13, with a section of the boundary ditch of the settlement on the
W. side. Pottery, loom weights, &. Devizes Museum Caz. II. 806
—815b; C. 27, 27a; O.U. 41 SW.; W.A.U. xxxvii. 496.
[The iron spearheads, &c., entered here as Roman may be late Celtic. ]
Roman. Great number of Roman (1) objects found on Wilsford Down by
W. P. Hayward cer. 1853. Tron -spearheads, sickles, knives, stylus,
&c. W.A.M.i. 60; 1x. 24; xxxvi. 480, 483. Bronze bow brooches,
penannular brooch, bracelets, finger ring, buckle, pair of quern
stones, bone needles, coins. Devizes Museum Cat. II. 260, 261,
325—328, 338, 368—375, 508, 530—535, 541, 559, 560.
Tron spearhead and bronze ligula. Devizes Museum Cat. IT. 351, 523.
WILSFORD (S. WILTS).
Barrows. [The second numbers in brackets are those on Hoare’s Map of
Stonehenge].
Normanton Down, large group of barrows, 1—32.
1. (166) Barrow just 8. of Deptford—Amesbury Rd. at 2? miles from
Amesbury, opened by Hoare. Skeleton, drinking cup, and
stags horns. O.M, 54 SW.; A.W. I. 206; Soc. Ant. Map 489.
{Condition good, 1912. M.E.C.].
[1a] (13 of the Winterbourne Stoke Down group at Cross Roads.
A.W. 1. 121 plan.) Small disc barrow just EK. of the line 1—10
and over the Wilsford boundary, opened by Hoare,nothing found.
Not on 0.17.54 SW. [No trace 1912. M.E.C.]
[1b—e] (12 of Hoare’s Map of Stonehenge.) Group of 4 small barrows
close together to E. of Winterbourne Stoke Down group and just
N. of Deptford Rd. at 3 miles from Amesbury. One opened by
Hoare contained rude urn with burnt bones and two pieces of
twisted wire. The other 3 not opened. A.W. I. 126; not on
O.M. 54SW. [No trace, 1912. M.E.C.)
2. (162) Large disc barrow in Normanton Gorse, opened before
344 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
Hoare’s time. O.Uf. 54 SW.; A.W. I. 205; Soc. Ant. Map 484.
[In wood and planted, otherwise in fair condition, 1912. M.E.C.]
2a. (163) N. of last in Normanton Gorse, opened by Hoare, burnt
bones in shallow cist, with fragments of incense cup and bone
pin. OW. 54SW.; A.W. I. 205 ; Soc. Ant. Map 483. [In wood
and much defaced, 1912. M.E.C.]
2b. (161) S. of 162 in Normanton Gorse, low barrow, opened by
Hoare, skeleton near surface with drinking cup, another skeleton
1ft. 6in. lower down, and in grave 6ft. deep skeleton with drink-
ingcup. O.J/. 54 SW.; A.W. I. 205; Soc. Ant. Map 485. [In
wood and much defaced, 1912. M.E.C.]
8. (160) Large dise barrow just 8.E. of Normanton Gorse, opened
by Hoare, 1804. Burnt bones in small circular cist with “great
variety of amber, jet, and glass beads.” OJ. 54 SW.; A.W. I.
205 ; Stourhead Cat. 154—1546 ; Soc. Ant. Map 486. [Condition
good, 1912, M.E.C.]
4. (159) Large disc barrow close on S. side of last, opened by Ld.
Pembroke or Stukeley. Burnt bones in cist. O.M. 54 SW.;
A.W. 1. 205; W.A.M. xvi. 147 (169 misprint for 159); Soc. Ant.
Map 487. [Condition good, 1912. M.E.C.]
5. (158) ‘Bush Barrow” just E. of last, opened by Hoare, 1808.
Skeleton of man on floor, and about 18in. from the head, rivets
and strips of bronze with remains of wood, probably a shield.
Bronze celt near shoulders, and near right arm large flat bronze
dagger with 6 rivets and small tang 103in. long with handle
incrusted with minute gold pins in chevron pattern, and another
dagger, largest ever found in Wilts 13in. long with 6 rivets, and
plate of gold, ? part of sheath. Bronze knife dagger (?) under
right hand. On breast lozenge shaped plate of thin gold 7in.
long. Polished oval perforated stone hammer of fossil Z’ubularia,
small lozenge shaped ornament of gold, and bone mountings of
some object, with vandyked edges. Devizes Museum. 0.10.
54 SW.; A.W. I. 202, Pl. xxvi, xxvii; Evans’ Bronze 51, 232,
352 ; Juvans’ Stone 203, 411; Arch. xliii. 444, Pl. xxxv. 1; 1x1.
119—121, Figs. 66-—68; Stukeley’s Stonehenge 46, Tab. xxxiii ;
Stourhead Cat. 148—152a, 161, 162 ; Soc. Ant. Map 488; W.A.M.
xxxvii. 98 fig. [Injured by rabbits but not ploughed, 1912. —
M.E.C.]
6. (157) Just E. of Bush Barrow (5), opened before Hoare’s time.
0.M. 54 SW. ; A.W. 1. 202; Soc. Ant. Map, 503. [Injured by
rabbits but not ploughed, 1912. M.E.C.]
7. (156) Large bell-shaped, 10ft. high, 102ft. in diam. Skeleton in
shallow grave, with 2 gold beads, a circular disc of amber pierced
for suspension, jet beads, joint of encrinite, grape cup, and
drinking cup at feet of skeleton. O.Jf. 54 SW.; A.W. I. 202,
Pl. XXV. ; Arch. xliii. 347 ; Stourhead Cat. 280 ; Soc. Ant. Map.
504. [Injured by rabbits but not ploughed, 1912. M.E.C.]
By the Rev. HL. H. Goddard. 345
8. (155) Large bell-shaped, 11ft. high, W. of the last. Burat bones
on floor of barrow, incense cup, gold-plated bronze horns, gold-
plated cone of lignite, 2 amber discs with gold borders, bronze
“lancet” with gold and amber handle, circular bone object
covered with thin gold, and 2 amber drop-shaped pendants.
O.M.54 SW.; A.W. I. 201, 202, Pl. XXV. ; Stourhead Cat. 127,
133—138, 143, 188c ; Soc. Ant. Map 502. [Injured by rabbits but
not ploughed, 1912. M.EC.]
9. (153) Small barrow just E. of 8, opened before Hoare’s time.
O.M. 54 SW. ; Soc. Ant. Map 505. [Injured by rabbits but not
ploughed, 1912. M.E.C.]
[9a.] (154) Small barrow close to last, opened before Hoare’s time,
not on O.1/. 54 SW.; A.W. I. 201. [Very small but still existing,
1913. M.E.C.]
10. (152) Small barrow E. of 9, opened before Hoare’s time. O.//.
54SW.; A.W. I. 201; Soc. Ant. Map 506. [Injured by rabbits
but not ploughed, 1912. M.E.C.]
11. (150) Close on S. side of last, opened by Hoare, nothing found.
OM. 548W.; A.W.1. 201; Soc. Ant. Map 507. [Injured by
rabbits but not ploughed, 1912. M.H.C.]
12. (148) S.W. of last, small barrow opened by Hoare, nothing
found. 0.17.54 SW.; A.W. I. 201; Soc. Ant. Map 508. [Injured
by rabbits but not ploughed, 1912. M.E.C.]
13. (151) Small Long Barrow almost touching 11 on W. ; not opened
by Hoare. O.W. 54 SW.; A.W. I. 201; Soc. Ant. Map, not
numbered. [Looks like a true Long Barrow, not ploughed, 1912.
M.E.C.] See Appendix Long Barrows.
14. (149) Disc barrow, opened by Stukeley? Burnt bones in cist.
O.M. 54 SW.; Stukeley Stonehenge 46; Soc Ant. Map 509.
[Injured by rabbits, not ploughed, 1912. M.E.C.]
15,16. (147) Twin barrows enclosed in one ditch, just E. of 14,
the westernmost 15 opened by Harl of Pembroke 1722, who
found a skeleton 3ft. under surface. Opened again by Hoare
who found primary interment in cist of burnt bones with ivory
hook and arrowhead-shaped implement of bone. Stukeley’s
Stonehenge 44 A. Tab. 1X. ; A.W. 1. 200 Pl. XXIV. ; Stourhead
Cat. 124. :
The easternmost, 16, opened by Stukeley, and again by Hoare who
found burnt bones in cist with amber and jet beads and small
cup. 0.4.54 SW. ; A.W. 1.201; Soc. Ant. Map510. [Injured
by rabbits but not ploughed. 1912. M.E.C.]
17. (146) Touching E. side of twin barrow, opened by Stukeley, B
in Tab. IX. O.M. 54 SW.; A.W.I. 200; Soc. Ant. Map 511.
[Injured by rabbits but not ploughed. 1912. M.E.C.]
18. (145) Bowl-shaped, touching S.W. side of last, opened by Hoare,
apparently opened before. Im cist ivory hook and kidney-
shaped black pebble. O.M.60 NW.; A.W. I. 200; Stourhead
OL. XXXVIII.—NO. CXX. 2A
346 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
Cat. 108, 114. [Injured by rabbits but not ploughed. 1912.
M.E.C_]
19. (144) Just E. of last, opened by Hoare, cist with skeleton and
small bronze knife dagger. O.Jf.60 NW.; A.W. I. 200. [In-
jured by rabbits but not ploughed. 1912. M.E.C.]
20. (142) Disc barrow just KE. of 19. Opened before Hoare’s time,
no record, OU. 60 NW.; A.W. I. 200.
21. (143) Disc barrow just E. of last, opened before Hoare’s time,
no record. O.M. 60 NW.; A.W. I. 200 Stonehenge Map
shows this barrow as out of the line and on the N. side of 141
and 142, it is really in line with them as on O.M.
22. (141) Disc barrow just E. of last, opened before Hoare’s time,
no record. O..60 NW.; A.W. I. 200.
23. (139) Bowl-shaped barrow just E. of last, opened by Hoare.
Shallow cist with burnt bones, 2 fine bronze daggers, long
bronze crutched pin, whetstone and bone pipe. O.J/. 60 NW.;
A.W.I. 199, Pl. XXIV. ; Evans’ Stone 242 ; Evans’ Bronze 366 ;
Stourhead Cat. 120—122a. [Under plough. 1913. M.E.C.]
24. (140) Large bowl barrow on 5S. side of 22. Opened before Hoare’s ‘
time, no record. O.Jf. 60 NW.; A.W. I. 200. [In ploughed
land but not itself ploughed, 1913. M.E.C.]
[24a.] (138) Disc barrow just E. of preceding. Opened before Hoare’s
time, no record. A.J. I. 199. [Not on O.JZ. 60 NW., but still
existing, 1913. M.E.C.]
The two easternmost barrows of the line in Stonehenge Map (136,
137) are in Amesbury, see Amesbury.
Three barrows in line N. & S. between Normanton Group and
Starveall Plantation, [24b]—26. O.Jf, 60 NW. shows only
25, 26.
[24b.] (178) Opened by Hoare. Burnt bones. Not on 0.1 60 NW. ;
A.W.1. 207. [Much ploughed down and still under plough, 1912.
M.E.C.] ; ‘
25. (179) S. of last. Opened before Hoare’s time, no record. O.J/.
60 NW. [Condition good, never ploughed, 1912. M.E.C.]
26. (180) S. of last Opened before Hoare’s time, no record. O.J/.
60 NW.; A.W.1. 207. [Condition good, never ploughed, 1912.
M.E.C.]
On Normanton Down S.W. & W. of the group, 7 barrows, 27—33,
27. (177) imileS.W. of 17. Has been large barrow but top has been
removed. Opened by Hoare. Burnt bones with fine bronze
dagger. 0.1.60 NW. ; A.W. 1.'207 ; Stourhead Cat. 110. [Much
injured by rabbits, 1912. M.E.C.]
By the Rev. HE. H. Goddard. 347
28 [28a]. (175). Just S.W. of last. Stonehenge Map shows a small
barrow, not numbered, touching S. side of larger barrow, not
shown on 0.1. Opened by Hoare. Burnt bones in both. Smaller
had been opened before. O.1/.60 NW.; A.W. I. 206.
29. (176) Fine bell-shaped barrow. Opened by Hoare. Skeleton on
- floor, excavation unfinished. O.Jf. 60 NW.; A.W.1.206. [Much
injured by rabbits, 1912. M.H.C.]
30. (173) Long Barrow4 mile W. of 28. Opened by Hoare. Skeleton
18in. below surface, on floor 4 skeletons strangely huddled to-
gether. O.Jf. 60 NW.; A.W. I. 206. [Condition good, 1912.
M.E.C.] See Appendix Long Barrows.
31. (174) Just S.W. of Long Barrow. Opened before Hoare’s time.
O.M. 60 NW.; A.W. I. 206. [Condition good,1912. M.E.C.]
32. (172) Just W. of Long Barrow. Opened by Hoare. Circular
cist containing great quantity of black ashes and few fragments
of bone. The interment of burnt bones on the floor beside the
cist. Lignite ring and beads. OM. 60 NW.; A.W. I. 206;
Stourhead Cat. 267. [Condition good, 1912. M.E.C.]
33. (168?) Barrow N.W. of the last, 4 mile W. of Normanton Gorse,
a little distance 8. of Rd. at 3 miles from Amesbury. Opened
by Hoare. Burnt bones. 0.11.54 SW.; A.W. I. 206 ; Soc. Ant.
Map 490,
[33a, S3b.] (167, 169) Hoare, Stonehenge Map, shows 3 barrows in
line here N. & S., two of which have disappeared, (167) a pond
barrow and either (168) or (169), probably the latter, opened by
Hoare without result. “Probably not sepulchral,” he says.
OM. 54SW.; A.W. I. 206.
34. (170). Long Barrow on Wilsford Down, ¢ mile $.E. of Long
Barrow Cross Rds., N. of The Diamond. Opened by Thurnam.
A long polished hone-like stone found. 0.1.60 NW.; A.W. I.
206 ; Arch. xlili. 425 note. [Condition good, 1912. M.E.C.] See
Appendix Long Barrows.
35, 36[36a—p]. (171) Two barrows close together just E. of Long
Barrow 34. The only barrows shown on O.W. of a group of 18
small barrows close together. The largest, opened by Hoare, con-
tained rude urn, jet beads, and bronze awl ; another, which had
been opened before Hoare’s time, opened by him contained frag-
ments of large urn and “a piece of granite.” Nearly all the small
barrows contained burnt bones only. O.J/. 60 NW.; A.W. I.
206. {[Mrs. Cunnington, 1912, notes that the group still exists
in good condition, and has apparently never been ploughed, one
pond barrow and two fair sized mounds, the rest very slight.]
Lake Group. Hoare, on Plan of Barrows on Lake Down, 4. W. 1.
207 shows in the group close together between the two ditches,
Do B
348 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
+ mile S.E. of “The Diamond,” close to Berwick St. James
boundary, 20 barrows. O.J. 60 NW. shows only 15, 37—50O,
(Mrs. Cunnington, 1912, could distinguish 19.]
- [86a.] (2) The most westerly of 4 small barrows in a line close to-
gether N.W. of 40. Opened by Hoare. Burnt bones and in-
cense cup just under surface. A.W. I. 209, Pl. XXX. ; Stourhead
Cat 172, fig.; not on 0.27.60 NW. [Just distinguishable, 1912.
M.E.C.]
37,38. (3,4) Small barrows close in line with 2. Opened before
Hoare’s time. O.M.60 NW.; A.W. I. 210. [Condition good,
1912. M.E.C.].
39. (5) Small barrow in same line closeonS.E. Opened by W.
Cunnington 1805. Burnt bones with necklace of 20 or 30 flat
cylindrical shale beads. O.1.60NW.; A.W.1I.210; Stourhead
Cat. 172b, [Ditch of plantation runs over it, 1912. M.E.C.]
40. (6) Very large barrow, 13ft. 9in. high. Opened by Hoare.
Primary interment skeleton of child 2 or 3 years old with drink-
ing cup in grave 5ft. deep below floor of barrow. Above this,
5ft. from surface of barrow, were two skeletons and within 1ft.
of surface a fine urn inverted over burnt bones and ivory (or
bone?) pin. O.Jf.60 NW.; A.W. I. 210 Pl. XXX. ; Stourhead
Cat. 174b. [Planted and somewhat defaced by rabbits, 1912.
M.E.C.].
41. (1) Long barrow in plantation just S.W. of 40, not opened by
Hoare. O.M.60 NW.; See Appendix Long Barrows. [Planted
with trees, otherwise uninjured, 1912. M.E.C.].
42. (7) Large bell-shaped barrow on N. edge of plantation, opened
by Hoare. Cist with burnt bones, bronze knife dagger, large
awl, and ‘‘ large stone bead and bead of ivory.” O.1/. 60 NW. ;
A.W. I. 210 Pl. XXX. : Stourhead Cat. 174a, 174c. [Condition
good, but bank of plantation cuts through ditch of barrow,
1912. M.E.C.].
43. (8) In plantation !just E. of last, wide flat barrow 6ft. high,
opened by Hoare. Burnt bones which had been enclosed in
wooden box in cist 83ft. long X 2ft. wide, bronze dagger and
whetstone. O.Jf.60 NW.; A.W. I. 211 Pl. XXVIII. ; Stour-
head Cat. 134, 179. [Much defaced and cut about, 1912.
M.E.C.].
44. (9) In plantation E. of last, fine bell barrow, 10ft. high, opened
by Hoare. Burnt bones on floor. O.J/.60 NW.; 4.W.TI. 211.
[Bushy, some rabbits, 1912. M.E.C.].
45. (10) Large barrow in plantation E. of last, opened by Hoare.
Head of deer and skeleton of dog only found. 0.17.60 NW. ;
A.W. I. 211. [Bushy, some rabbits, 1912. M.E.C.].
(45a, 45b]. [11, 12) Two large disc barrows in the plantation.
opened before Hoare’s time. Norecord. A.W. I. 211; not on
O.M. 60 NW. [Can only be traced with difficulty, 1912.
M.E.C.].
By the Rev. HE. H. Goddard. 349
[45c.] (13) Small barrow close to last, opened by Hoare. Burnt
bones. A.W. I. 211; not on O.. 60 NW. [No trace found,
1912. M.E.C.]
46. (14, 15) Twin barrow in plantation, N.E. of 45. The smaller
mound opened before Hoare’s time. The larger mound contained
an immense quantity of ashes on the floor. A small cist with
burnt bones, 4 glass notched beads, one stone bead, 2 of amber
and a bronzeawl. O.4.6NW.; A,W.I. 211 Pl. XXX. ([Con-
dition very dilapidated, 1912. M.E.C.]
Barrows 16—20 just outside plantation. Opened by the Rev. E.
Duke 1806. Contents preserved at Lake House and sold July
10th, 1895. Mostly bought by British Museum. W.A.J/. xxviii.
260. Probably referred to as Nos. 1—4 in Rev. E. Duke’s MS.
Notes, printed W.A.d/. xxxv. 582.
47. (16%) (Duke's MS. 1) In cist 3ft. 3in. deep burnt bones with
bronze knife dagger. O.M.60 NW. [Overgrown with bushes,
just distinguishable, 1912. M.E.C.]
48. (18) (Duke's MS.2%) Large barrow. Burnt bones on floor with
bronze knife dagger and boar’s tusk. O.M.60 NW. [Condition
fair, 1912. M.E.C.]
49. (172) (Duke's MS. 31) Large barrow. Cist 3ft. deep, burnt bones
and bronze knife dagger. 0.47.60 NW. [Condition fair, 1912.
M.E.C.]
50. (19?) (Duke's MS. 4%) Large bell-shaped barrow. Cist 1ft. 8in.
deep with great quantity of burnt bones spread over bottom,
bronze knife dagger, and 4 bone objects with patterns on them.
The bones and other objects had apparently been deposited in a
wooden box. 0.4.60 NW. A.W. 1. 212, Pl. XXXI; WAU.
xxxv. 584. [Condition fair, 1912. M.E.C.]
[50a.] (20) Barrow EH. of 49. 1% opened by Duke. [Much ploughed
down ; still under plough, 1912. M.E.C.]
4 Barrows, 51— 54, close together 4 mile N.E. of Lake Group and
plantation on E. side of Ditch on Wilsford Down. Shown on
Hoare’s Plan of Barrows on Lake Down. O.U/. 60 NW.;
A.W. 1. 207. Their identification is doubtful.
51. (24%) Opened by Hoare. Just under the turf burnt bones and
fragments of drinkingcup. Lower down another deposit of burnt
bones just over the head of a skeleton, and below this another
skeleton with stag’s horns beside it. OJ. 60 NW.; A.W.
1, PAL
52. (232) Opened by Hoare. Cist with burnt bones. O.M. 60
NW. ; A.W. I. 211.
53. (22) Opened by Hoare. Had been disturbed, but probably
contained 3 skeletons and 3 drinking cups. Skeleton of a child
with drinking cup was complete. O.Jf. 60 NW.; A.W. I. 211,
Pl. XXVIII. 8; Stourhead Cat. 246 fig.
350 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
54. (21) Opened by Hoare. Had been opened before. Fragments
of drinking cup, flint arrowhead, and worked flints. A.W. I. 211,
Pl. XXX.; Stourhead Cat. 1738b. Hoare, however, (A.W. I. 212)
speaks of 21 (apparently another barrow) as a wide low barrow
ploughed over. With the skeleton in a grave 2ft. 3in. deep, was
the elaborate amber necklace of 8 flat perforated tablets and
numerous beads and pendants, 4 discs of gold, ? earrings, a
drinking cup? and reversible incense cup. O.Jf. 60 NW.;
A.W. Pl. XXXI.; W.A.M. xxviii. 261; Arch. xlii.505. [This
is No. 20 of Mr. Duke’s Notes. WA.ds. xxxv. 586.]
2 barrows in Starveall Plantation and one outside it at N.E. corner,
55—57 about i mile E. of 54 and 4 mile N. of the Wilsford
Group.
55. (183). In centre of Starveall Plantation. Opened by Hoare.
Burnt bones and stag’s horns. O.M. 60 NW.; 4.1. I. 207.
[Planted and much defaced by rabbits, 1912. M.E.C.]
56. (182) At N. end of Starveall Plantation. Opened by Hoare.
Burnt bones in wooden box on floor with bronze dagger in
wooden sheath, small knife dagger, bone tweezers, and pin.
O.YU. 60 NW.; A.W. I. 207; Stourhead Cat. 111, 11la, 174.
[Planted and much defaced by rabbits, 1912. M.E.C.]
57 [57a—f]. (181) The barrow just outside N.E. corner of Star-
veall Plantation, the only one shown on O.J/. 60 NW. of
Hoare’s Group 181, 7 small barrows close together, “‘ several
mean barrows not worthy of investigation, many had been
opened before.” A.W. I. 207. [Two other mounds of this
group can be seen, but all much ploughed down, and still
under plough, 1912. M.E.C.]
The “ Wilsford Group,” just S.W. of Springbottom Farm and } mile
S. of Starveall Plantation. Hoare, Plan of Barrows on Wilsford __
Down, A./V. I. 207, shows 18 barrows, O.J/. 60 NW. ‘shows 16
only, 58—73, Hoare’s Nos. 1 and 6 not being shown. ;
The second numbers in brackets are those on Hoare’s plan of the
group.
[The condition of this most interesting group is deplorable ; the
very fine Ring Barrows have been practically obliterated by
cultivation, and the planting of the wood has spoilt the rest of
the group, 1912. M.E.C.]
58. (18) Large bell-shaped barrow in wood, most westerly of the
group, 121ft. in diam., 11ft. high. Skeleton of very tall man
lying on floor of barrow, and at his feet a perforated stone axe-
hammer, flat flanged bronze celt, bone tube, and other bone ob-
jects, large boar’s tusk, and unique bronze object like a prong. —
By the Rev. £. H. Goddard. 351
O.M. 60 NW.; A.W. I. 209, Pl. XXIX.; Arch. 1xi. 122; Evans’
Bronze 51, 405 ; Evans’ Stone, 203, 241 ; Stourhead Cat. 167—
171 jigs. [Defaced by rabbits, poor condition, 1912. M.E.C.]
59. (17) In wood just E. of last. Opened before Hoare’s time
O.M. 60 NW.; A.W.1I. 209. [Defaced by rabbits, poor condition,
1912, M.E.C.]
60. (16) Bowl-shaped. In wood E. of last. Opened by Hoare.
Burnt bones, with bronze knife-dagger, bone mesh rules, whet-
stones, flint lancehead. O.J2.60 NW.; A.W. I. 209, Pl. XX VIIL ;
Evans’ Bronze 226 ; Evans’ Stone 355 ; Stourhead Cat. 181—186b.
61. (15) In wood E. of last. Opened by Hoare. No interment
found. O.U. 60 NW. [Defaced by rabbits, condition poor,
1912. M.E.C]
62. (13) In wood E. of last. Large bowl-shaped barrow. Opened
by Hoare. In shallow grave skeleton of young man with drinking
cup. O.M.60 NW.: A.W. I. 208, Pl. XXVIII. ; Stourhead Cat.
245 fig. [Defaced by rabbits, condition poor, 1912. M.E.C.]
63. (10%) Inwood E. of last. ‘“ Pond Barrow.” 0.17.60 NW. [In-
jured by rabbits, 1912. M.E.C.]
64. (9) In wood E. of last. Large bowl-shaped barrow, 8ft. high.
In a cist 2ft. deep a heap of burnt bones with a bone pin, a bone
ring, and very small bronze flanged celt. O.1.60 NW. ; A.W. I.
208,P1. XXVIII; Arch. lxi., 125; Evans’ Bronze 51; Stourhead
Cat. 207 fig.
{64a,.] (6) In wood E. of last. Disc barrow. Opened before Hoare’s
time. Not on 0.1.60 NW. [Very poor condition, 1912. M.E.C.]
65. (5) InN.E. cornerof wood. Flat bowl-shaped barrow. Opened
by Hoare. Two cists close together. In one a fine urn with
burnt bones, in the other burnt bones with bronze knife-dagger,
“almost melted into a rude lump by the heat of the funeral pile.”
A third interment of burnt bones on floor of the barrow near the
cists. O.Jf. 60 NW.; W.A.M. xxi. 262 fig.; xxxvii. 94 fig. ;
Stourhead Cat. 214 fig.; A.W. I. 208, Pl. xxviii. The references
in Arch. xliti, 447; lxi. 136 to this barrow are erroneous. [In-
jured by rabbits, 1912. M.E.C.]
66. (14) Disc barrow just outside N. edge of wood. Opened before
Hoare’s time. O.M. 60 NW. [Under plough, distinguishable,
1912. M.E.C.]
67. (12) low barrow, E. of last. Opened by Hoare. Skeleton in
erave 10ft.deep. O.J2.60 NW. [Under plough, distinguishable,
1812. ME.C.] -
68. (11) OnS. side of last. Opened by Hoare. Had been opened
before. Scattered remains of skeleton and burnt bones found.
O.M. 60 NW. [Under plough, distinguishable, 1912. M.E.C.]
69. (8) E of last. Flat barrow with ditch. Opened before Hoare’s
time. O.4f. 60 NW. [Under plough, almost obliterated, 1912.
M.E.C.]
(SX
Or
bo
List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
70. (7) Disc barrow, E. of last, with three mounds. Opened by
Hoare. In the central mound burnt bones with a bronze awl.
Another had been opened before, and in the third remains of the
“skeleton of a youth” with fragments of a drinking cup were
found. O.M. 60 NW. [Only the ring distinguishable, the 3
mounds quite obliterated. Still under plough, 1912. M.E.C.]
71. (2) Large disc barrow with one mound. Opened by Hoare.
Burnt bones with bronze knife dagger and awl. O.M.60 NW.
[Under plough, traceable but fast disappearing, 1912. M.E.C.]
72. (3) S. of last. Opened by Hoare. Disc barrow, one mound.
Burnt bones with “a considerable quantity of glass, jetand amber
beads,” and “a fine brass pin.” 1% bronze awl. O.M. 60 NW.
[Under plough, traceable, but fast disappearing, 1912. M.E.C.]
73. (4) Small barrow close on W. side of 72. Opened by Hoare. |
Cist containing ashes but nointerment. O.Jf60N.W. [Under |
plough, traceable, but fast disappearing, 1912. M.E.C.]
[73a.] (1) Small barrow KE. of 71, 72. Opened before Hoare’s time.
Notin 0.4. [Under plough, traceable, but fast disappearing,
1912. M.E.C.]
[73b.] Barrow unnumbered shown on Stonehenge Map, just N.E. of the
Wilsford. Group at Spring Bottom, not marked on O.Jf. 60 NW.
74. Barrow just 8, of Wilsford Group and N. of the Ditch. O JZ. 60° a
NW.; A.W. I. Station V. South.
On Lake Down, between two parallel ditches running N.W. toS.E.,
2 mile 8. of Wilsford Group, and just E. of Westfield Farm, O.Jf,
60 NW. shows 8 barrows, 75—82; A.IV. I. Station V. South
shows 11 barrows between the ditches. x
80. Disc barrow with onecentral mound. [Condition good, 1912. |
M.E.C.] |
75, 76, 79, 81, 82. Small mounds. [Condition good, 1912. |
M.E.C.] 4
77, 78 (2) and apparently two others, not on 0. are four pond |
barrows. [Condition good, 1912. M.E.C.] =
S. of Westfield Farm and of the 8. Ditch one barrow, 83, and |
+ mile E. of 75—82, and of the N. Ditch, and? mile S.E. of |
Wilsford Group, 3 barrows near together, 84—86, near Lake
Bottom. Many of these barrows were opened by the Rev. HE.
Duke, of Lake House, and are probably some of those mentioned —
in his MS. Notes printedin W.A.Jf. xxxv. 584, but the particular —
barrows cannot be identified. The numbers given in brackets |
below are those of Mr. Duke’s Notes. Hoare does not describe ,
them. A.W. I. 213. -
(5) Bowl-shaped, 5ft. 6in. high. Six skeletons. In centre skele- |
tons of one or two young children with two urns or drinking —
By the Rev. BE. H. Goddard. 353
cups. In a grave lft. 6in. deep a skeleton with pointed bone
implements, at its feet another skeleton. On the floor of the
barrow another skeleton with necklace of beads, and in grave
below, another skeleton. W.A.J/. xxxv. 584.
(6) Bowl barrow 4ft. 2in. high. In centre a cist with burnt bones.
Nearer the surface of the barrow an urn standing upright, 16in.
high, with burnt bones. W.A.Jf. xxxv. 584.
(7) Small bowl barrow. Circular cist with burnt bones. W-.A.d/.
XXxXv. 585.
(8) Very large bowl barrow. On the floor a skeleton with bronze
knife dagger and quantity of flint flakes. Below this a grave
1ft. 1lin. deep, containing the bones of 2 or 3 grown persons and
3 or 4 children “confusedly lain.” W.A.M. xxxv. 585.
(9) Bowl barrow. In centre a cist with urn 16in. high, inverted
over burnt bones and a bone pin. W.A.M. xxxv. 585.
(10) Large flat barrow. In centre a grave 3ft. deep with skeleton.
W.A,M. xxxv. 585:
(11) Disc barrow, 120ft.in diam. Near centre a cist lft. deep con-
taining a very small urn with burnt bones. W.A.I/. xxxv. 585.
(12) A “Pond Barrow.” Near the centrea circular cist with burnt
bones. W.A.M/. xxxv. 585.
(13, 14,15) “Pond Barrows.” Opened but nothing found.
(16) Bowl barrow. Had been opened before. Burnt bones and
fragments of urn found. W A.W. xxxv. 585.
(17) Small flat barrow. Burnt bones near surface. In a grave 3ft.
deep askeleton. Broken deer hornsin body of mound. W.A.M.
XXXV. 580.
(18) Bowl barrow, 4ft. high. Cist with burnt bones covered witha
large stone. W.A.df. xxxv. 586.
(19) Bowl barrow. Opened before Mr. Duke’s day. W.A.J/.
xxxv. 586.
(20) See above, Lake Group, 54.
From one of the above barrows came the fine urn, 153in. high, in
the British Museum, figured in Ant. and Top. Cab. Pl. I. &
Romilly Allen’s Celtic Art p. 22.
A curious little urn-shaped cup about 4in. high with 2 pierced ears,
from a barrow at Wilsford. Salisbury Museum.
Ground greenstone celt “from a barrow at Lake.” Brit. Museum.
Evans’ Stone 114; W.A.J. xxviii. 261.
87. Barrow in park of Lake House just on E. side of Rd.S. of house.
O.M. 60 NE.; A. TV. I. Station V. South.
Lake. Said to have been found by Rev. E. Duke in a barrow, or
barrows, at Lake, were 2 fine bronze twisted torques with 3 spiral
bronze “Finger Rings”?, and 5 penannular armlets of plain
354 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
strong squared or rounded bronze, formerly in the Duke Collection
at Lake. Of these the armlets are in Devizes M. Stourhead Cat.
388—392 fig.; and the smaller torque and rings in Farnham ~
Museum. JW.A.Jf. xxviii. 261. Also “from a barrow at Lake”
in the Blackmore Museum, 2 similar armlets and one torque ;
and at Devizes a broad flat bronze armlet. W A.M. xxviii, 261;
Stourhead Cat. 393 fig. There is no record of the finding of any
of these objects.
Earthworks. A bank and ditch runsS.E. from Long Barrow Cross Roads,
and probably from Winterborne Stoke British villages, appears to
divide into two branches at the Diamond, which run in same direction 4
more or less parallel enclosing the Lake Group of barrows, and just
S. of the Wilsford Group, over Lake Down towards site of British
village opposite Great Durnford. Hoare A.W. I. Station V. South
shows these ditches as continuous; O.Jf. 60 NW. shows a gap
now between the Lake and Wilsford Group of barrows. O.J/. 60
NW. ; 54 SW. shows a bank running NE. over Wilsford and Norman-
ton Down at right angles to these banks, from near the Diamond to
Normanton Gorse, and another bank and ditch forming three sides
of an irregular oblong of large extent joining the northern of the
two paralle] ditches at the Lake Group. O.Jf. 60 NW.
Finds, Neolithic. Flint scrapers, &c., Lake. Blackmore Museum.
Finds, Bronze Age. Lake. Flanged celt and socketed celt, formerly —
in the Duke Coll. W-.A.d. xxviii. 261.
Finds, Late Celtic. Near Bush Barrow. Bronze bow brooch of “ La
Tene I.” type. Devizes Museum Cat. II. 301 fig. ; Reliquary xiv.
95 fig. 4; W.A.M, xxxv. 399 fig.
Roman. British village opposite Great Durnford. A.W. 1. Station Y.
South, not on 0. M7.
In 1635, says Aubrey, quoted by Stukeley (Stonehenge 32) as they were
ploughing about Normanton Ditch they found a large quantity of
excellent pewter, as much as they sold at alow price for £5 (no doubt
Roman dishes and vessels like the Manton and Appleshaw finds.
E.H.G.)
Iron socketed spearhead. Blackmore Museum.
WILTON.
Barrows.
1. “Neale’s Barrow,” in S.W. angle of Hare Warren, just E. of junction
of Rds. from Wilton and Salisbury. Probably the barrow called
by Stukeley the “Tomb of King Carvilius.” OJ. 66 SW.;
Stonehenge, 44 Tab. xxxiv.; A.W. I. 250, Station VIII.
[1a, b.] Hoare shows three barrows at this point N. of the Rd., two
opened, one unopened. A. JV. I. 250, Station VIII. Only 1 is
shown on 0.1. 66 SW.
2. Large barrow in centre of Deer Park. O.¥. 66SW.; notin A.W.
I. Station VIII.
by the Rev. LE, H. Goddard. 355
Earthworks. Ditch running along SX. side of Grovely from Hamshill
Ditches in Barford, crosses Grovely Down in N. corner of Wilton,
pointing towards Chilhampton. O.1/. 66 NW.; A.W. 1.110, Station
IV.
Finds, Bronze Age. Cinerary urn inverted over burnt bones in shallow
cist in chalk just under the surface, in ploughed field 300 yds. N. of
Wilton Reservoir, found 1910. No sign of barrow, but if one ever
existed it may have been ploughed down. Salisbury Museum.
W.AM. xxxvi. 489.
Bronze looped palstave (?) W A.M. xxxvii. 133.
Saxon. A remarkable bow! of bright yellow alloy, 10$in. in diam.*x 44in.
high, found about 1860, in drainage work between the Abbey and
Kingsbury Square, preserved at Wilton House. Attached to the
sides are 4 hooks with animals’ heads, holding rings for suspension.
Of doubtful age. Pagan or Christian? Nightingale Church Plate
of Wilts 28 fig. ; Arch. lix. 40 fig.; Proc. Soc. Ant. xxil. 67. ~
WINSLEY.
Earthworks. In field called Dane Bottom N.E. of Church, trenches and
earthworks formerly existed. Not now visible. Tradition of swords
and weapons found there. W. G. Collins.
Finds, Neolithic. At Conkwell, on the surface, a great number of
worked flints found by W. G. Collins, of Bradford, 1910—11, 9 arrow-
heads, barbed and leaf-shaped, 1 fragment of ground celt, 120
scrapers, worked flakes, cores, &c., 1 fabricator, 2 knives, &c.
Antiquary vili. 380—387 jfigs.; W.A.M. xxxvil. 626.
WINTERBOURNE BASSETT.
Barrows.
[la.] “A very irregular mound probably a barrow with a ditch at the
base and the top cut away,” close to N. side of village street just
E. of the bourne. Has disappeared. Notin O.J/. Smith p. 121,
IX. G. IL. b.
[1b.] At top of village, N. of Rd. nearly opposite blacksmith’s shop,
large mound, may bea barrow. Not on O.M. Rev. H. G. O.
Kendall 1913. ‘
[1c.] Stukeley, quoted by Hoare, says that on N. side of the stone circle
in a ploughed field was a barrow set round with or rather com-
posed of large stones. Thisis gone. Stukeley Abury 45; A. IV.
II. 94.
[1d.] On Millbrow E. of Devizes Rd., at point N. of a corner of Berwick
boundary, marked as a measuring point on O. J, a low ploughed-
down barrow? Noton OW. Rev. H. G. O. Kendall 1913.
val
356 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
Stone Circle. In field through which “ Vize Lane” passed, on E. of Rd.
Winterbourne to Clyffe are remains of what Stukeley describes as a
“double circle of stones concentric sixty cubits diameter ets
west of itis a single broad flat and high stone standing by itself.” Of
these stones six lying prostrate are visible; Rev. A. C. Smith 1881
and 1882 found 10 others buried. He Shows plan of double circle ?
with single stone incentre. O.J/. 22 SW.; Stukeley Abury 45; A. Ws
IT. 94; Smith 76—78, plan, V. F. I. a.
Earthworks. Mutilated remains of earthwork enclosure? at WhyrCommonif
O.M. 22 SW.; A.W. II. 95; Smith p. 78 V. E. If.a. [Only one side”
now shows as a considerable bank in grass field, 1914. E.H.G.]
Oblong enclosure, low bank and ditch at foot of down S.W. of road up _
White Horse Hill. 0.4. 22 SE. ; Smith p. 121, 1X. H. IL. b. a
E. & W. to S. of this. [Stukeley somewhere here speaks of a second
“old chapel” “a square double ditched but small ditches, in the
middle a broad oblong square bank,” Abury p. 48.) A.W. 11. 94. ‘
Ridgeway running along crest of Hackpen Hill crosses end of parish.
O.M. 22 SE. ; A.W. II. 46.
Eoliths found at Winterbourne and on Hackpen Hill. H.G.O. Kendall. “
W.A.M. xxxvii. 186.
Finds, Palzolithic. Implements of this age found by Rev. H. G. O.
Kendall on surface at Winterbourne, and Whyr Farm, 1913, and on
top of Hackpen Hill. Abstract Proc. Geol. Soc. Lond. No. 874, 1909 ;
W.A.M. xxxvii. 186.
Finds, Neolithic. J.iarge numbers of cores, scrapers, knives, d&c., and
ground flint celt, on high ground near Glory Ann. Rev. H. G. O. |
Kendall. ;
Oval quartzite pebble hammer with depressions each side. In Brit.
Museum. Evans’ Stone 214, fig. 161.
Finds, Bronze Age. Bronze dagger, rare type, 7in. long, found on down,
Devizes Museum Cat. Il. B2; W.A.M. xi. 244; xxxvii. 100; Reliquary
Xlv. 243 fig. 4
Bronze spearhead 63in. long, found near Millbrow 1906. Devizes
Museum Cat. Il. B 4a; W.A.W. xxxvi. 508; xxxvii. 143.
Roman. “British village” near Glory Ann, pottery and quern. W.A.J/,
XX11. 238.
Brooch of Msica type, 2nd cent. A.D. Devizes Museum Cat. II. 306;
WAM. xxxv. 404 fig.; Religuary xiv. 100 jig.
Spindle whorls. Devizes Museum Caz. II. 253.
insane Oye
WINTERBOURNE DAUNTSEY.:
Earthworks. Figsbury Rings, or Chlorus’s Camp. (Camden calls it
Fripsbury.) % mile S.E. of W. Dauntsey village. Circular, area 15
acres, circuit of ditch 4 furlongs 198 yards, principal entrance to E.
with slight outworks, another entrance to W. Strong single rampart
and ditch, but within the area another ditch roughly follows line of
By the Rev. HL. H. Goddard. 357
rampart. Stukeley /tzn. Cur. thought it the ditch of an older camp,
Hoare thought it made to obtain earth for the rampart. O.J/. 67
NW.; A.W. I. 217 plan, Station V. South.
"inds, Bronze Age. Bronze leaf-shaped sword 24in. long. Figsbury
1704. Ashmolean Museum. W.A.M. xxxvii. 129.
toman. The Portway, Old Sarum to Winchester, runs W. to E. across
parish to Winterslow Corner. Its mound clearly defined. O.JL. 67
NW.
WINTERBOURNE EARLS.
Barrows.
[la.] Barrow just E. of Salisbury—Amesbury Rd. near Four Mile Hill
(in W. Earls or W. Guuner?). A.W. I. Station V. South; not
in 0.1. 60 SE.
[1 b—d.] Just S.W. of 38rd milestone on Salisbury—Andover Rd. 3
barrows on line of ditch, the parish boundary, making a sharp
angle at this point. 2 are on N. edge of ditch, 1 on the S. edge
and therefore in Laverstock. A.W.I. Station V. South; not in
O.M. 67 NW.
Earthworks. A ditch running S.W. to N.E. forms boundary of Laverstock
and Clarendon to point just S. of 3rd imilestone on Salisbury—
Andover Rd., when it turns at sharp angle S.W., and its line appar-
ently forms boundary of W. Karls and Clarendon for some distance.
OM. 67 NW.; A.W. I. Station VII.
Bold ditch and bank, says Hoare, runs N.W. towards Roman Rd. from
British village in extreme point S. of W. Earls, with 2 semicircular
works projecting from ditch. A.W. 1. 227,Station VII.; notin O0./.
67 NW.
Roman. The Portway, Old Sarum to Winchester, forms boundary of
parish along a modern Rd. for a short distance. O.1f. 66 NE., 67
NW.; A.W. II. 46 plan.
British village in extreme S. point of parish (or in Pitton ?) with ditch
running N.W. (see above). Romano British remains found in semi-
circular works projecting from ditch. A.W. I. 227, Station VII. ; not
in O.M. 67 NW.
WINTERBOURNE GUNNER.
Barrows.
1. The “Horse Barrow” in hedge forming boundary of Idmiston just
EK. of railway and Winterbourne Gunner. 0.27.61 SW.; A.W.
I. Station V. South; W.A.M. xxxiii. 410.
[1a.] Barrow N.E. of Figsbury Rings, apparently in W. Gunner (7).
A.W. I. Station V. South ; not in O.2/.
[1b, c.] Two others close together just N.E. of last, in Idmiston or
Winterbourne Gunner?. A.W. I. Station V. South; not in O.2/.
67 NW. or 61 SW.
[For other barrows near here see Idmiston.]
358 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and-Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
Earthworks. Small oblong enclosure on E. side of track N.W. of Down
Barn, 1 mile N.W. of Winterbourne Gunner Church. O.J/. 60 SE. ;
not in A.W. I. Station V. South.
Finds, Bronze Age. Bronze palstave 54in. long, looped but loop not
pierced in casting, in possession of Mrs. Cowan, of Purse Caundle,
Dorset, 1912. W.A.J. xxxvii. 613, 634.
Roman. The Portway, Old Sarum to Winchester. The line of the Rd.
from Winterslow Corner westwards for + mile forms boundary of
parish. O.Jf. 67 NW.; A.W. II. 46 plan.
WINTERBOURNE MONKTON,
Barrows.
Windmill Hill. [See also Avebury, to which half of the hill belongs.] |
[Barrows 1—4 under grass, 1913. M.E.C.] e|
1. Large bowl-shaped barrow inside the entrenchment, the top lowered
before Dean Merewether’s time. Seven skeletons, fine grape
cup, and perforated stone axe-hammerfound. Devizes Museum
Cat. II. X 23, X 23a; OU. 28 NW.; Smith p. 89 VI. F. IV. b;
Proc. Arch. Inst. Salisbury, 93, 108, figs. 3, 4; Evans’ Stone, 166; |
Arch. Journ. vil. 399 ; Arch. xliul. 364, jig. 47.
2. Large high bowl-shaped barrow inside the entrenchment, no ditch,
Opened, no record. O.I/. 28 NW.; Smith p. 89. VI. F. IV. c.
3. Barrow just outside the ditch on the E. Large wide barrow. |
Opened, no record. O.M/. 28 NW.; Smuth p. 89, VI. F. IV. d. ©
4, [4a.] OnE. slope of hill outside ditch, 2 disc barrows with ditch
and outer bank, but no tump in centre; apparently not opened.
Only 4 shown in O.M. 28 NW. ; Smath pp. 89, 90, VI. F. TV. 1. k.
On Monkton Down, W- of Ridgeway, close to Avebury boundary,
O.M. 28 NE. shows 2 barrows (5, 6), Smith shows 3, all close
together. Smith p. 132, X. H. IV. f. g. h.
5, 6, [6a.] (f.g.h.) Three barrows close together. (f) the northern
most a bow] barrow conspicuous on brow of hill, surrounded
with stones, no ditch. Opened, no record.
(g, h) Two low almost invisible barrows.
[|
N.W. of the last, on Down 13 mile E. of Winterbourne Monkton
Church, a group of 10 barrows, 7—16, of which 7—10 were ;
opened by Dean Merewether 1849. The numbers in brackets are —
his. 7—9 lie close together below the 700ft. contour line, the
most south-westerly of the group. bs
7. (24) Round barrow. Animals’ bones and teeth, sarsen rubber, —
and charred wood only. O.J/. 28 NW.; Smith p. 126, X. Be
Ill. a; Proc. Arch. Inst. Salisbury p. 104. |
By the Rev. H. H. Goddard. 399
8. (26) A Long low barrow. Opened down its length. Ox skull,
deer’s horns, dog’s skull, no interment found. O.Jf. 28 NW.;
Smith p. 126, X. H. Il. b.; Proc. Arch Inst. Salisbury p. 104.
Dean Merewether’s plan shows 8 sarsen stones in line round the
S. end, and 5 others round the N. end. See Appendix Long
Barrows. :
9. (25) Animal bonesand sarsen muller found. O.Jf.28 NW.; Smith
p. 126, X. H. IIl.c.; Proc. Arch. Inst. Salisbury 104.
10. (28%) Very low bowl-shaped barrow to EK. of 7—9 just on 700ft.
contour line. Smith believes this to be No. 28°of Dean Mere-
wether, but that was apparently a tall oval barrow which had
3 sarsen stones on top of it. Dean Merewether removed these
stones and at a depth of 1ft. found fragments of drinking cup
(Fig. X.) “containing the skull bones principally of a very young
person.” At depth of d5ft. were skulls of 2 oxen side by side.
Below these a grave 6ft. long x 5ft. broad, and 5ft. below the
skulls a crouched skeleton (Fig. Z) with drinking cup, barbed
flint arrowhead, and 2 “flint spearheads.” OJ. 28 NW. : Smith
p. 126 X. H. Ill. e.; Proce Arch. Inst. Salisbury 105; Evans’
Stone 293.
[Of the above 4 barrows (7—10) A.W. II. Stations XI. XII.
shows one large barrow only.)
11. Just N. of 7—10a small bowl-shaped barrow, by itself, without
ditch. Opened, no record. O.Jf. 28 NW. ; Smith p. 126, X. H.
III. d.
Just N.E. of 11, 5 barrows close together, 12—16.
12. (@7) To S.E. of 11 and just N. of the ditch and W. of track,
O.M. 28 NW. shows a small pit not marked “tumulus.” This
apparently must be the circular depression with ditch and bank
round it, l5yds. in diam., a disc barrow ?, opened by Dean
Merewether 1849. Four large sarsen stones near the centre with
teeth and bones of oxen and deer and boars’ tusks. Smith p.
127, X. H. ILL. f.; Proc. Arch. Inst. Salisbury pp. 103, 104, plan.
N. of the last in a line S.E. to N.W. 0. Jf. 28 NW. shows 5 barrows
13—17 ; asalso A.W. II. Stations XI. XII.
~13—15. Three low bowl-shaped barrows without ditches, close to-
gether in line E. of the track. Opened, norecord. Smith p. 127,
X. H. II. k, 1, m.
16, Large high bowl-shaped barrow just on W. side of track, just W.
of 15. Opened, no record. Smuth p. 127, X. H. III. n.
17. N.W. of last, low bowl-shaped barrow without ditch. Opened by
Dean Merewether 1849 (No. 31%). In centre urn containing
burnt bones inverted on a flat sarsen stone and packed round
with sarsens on edge. Smith p.127 X. H. III. 0; Proc. Arch.
Inst. Salisbury p. 107 fig bh.
360 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
[17a.] Millbarrow, a Long Barrow, set round with a peristalith of
sarsen stones, was destroyed before Hoare’s time (1821). It lay
W. of village and N. of Windmill Hill. A.W. II. 94; Smzth p.
84, VI. F. [fl f; W.A.d. iv. 343. See Appendix Long Barrows.
[17b.] The cromlech (2) called ‘Shelving Stone,” in Monkton Field
not far from Millbarrow, destroyed in 19th century. Hoare A.W.
II. 94 regards it as a “Sepulchral monument set on a barrow.”
It was a large stone propped up against two uprights. Smzth p.
83 VI. F. III. e. See Appendix Long Barrows.
[17c.] E. of Hackpen Barn Smzth p. 134 X. H. IV. s notes 7 sarsens
piled on one another surrounded by remains of earth mound.
Not in 0.M.
[17d] A short distance N. of barrows “ Avebury 36—40” on
Avebury Down, (? whether in Avebury or Winterbourne Monk-
ton,) a small barrow (No. 30) opened by Dean Merewether in
1879, surrounded by a circle of 8 stones with holes showing
where 4 others had stood. Diam. of circle about 9ft. Quantity
of pottery fragments, animals’ teeth and bones, and charcoal.
No interment. Possibly opened before. Proc. Arch. Inst.,
Salisbury, p. 106 fig. gg ; Smith p. 134; notin O.JL or Smith’s
Map.
Earthworks. The top of Windmill Hill (half of which is in Avebury) is : |
surrounded by a single ditch of moderate size, very visible still on
the N. side which is under grass, but ploughed down level on the 8S.
side which is arable. 1913. O.1. 28 NW.; Smith VI. F. IV.a, a.
A bank and ditch, apparently old, runs from Ridgeway down into vale
between barrows 7—10 and 11—16. O.M. 28 NW. ; Smith p.
127 X. H. LIL. h.
Finds, Neolithic. Flint scrapers, &. Rev. H. G. O. Kendall.
[For the remarkable occurrence of ground flint celts, &c., at Windmill 4
Hill, see Avebury. ]
Finds, Neolithic or Early Bronze Age. 300 yds. W. of Millbarrowa _
number of large sarsen stones lay N. and S. of the Rd., Monkton to |
Yatesbury. Four of them covered interments in circular graves —
about 4ft. deep, opened by Mr. Eyles 1856. In one case the grave
was paved with stones.
(1) Contained 6 skeletons, 2 males, 2 females, and a child.
(2) Contained 22 skeletons with bones of dog, pig, sheep, ox, and conical
sarsen muller weighing 123 lbs.
(3) Contained 2 or 3 decayed skeletons.
(4) contained a single skeleton with 2 drinking cups, curved flint knife,
object of polished serpentine, 2 large and one smaller lignite but-
tons and “pulley ring.” Devizes Museum Cat. Il. X83—X87a,
X95; Smeth p. 85, VI. F. III. g; Cran. Brit. II. p. 2, Pl. LVIIL. ;
Evans’ Stone 223; W.A.Jf. i. 308; ili. 252; iv. 3438; xxxvii. 114
Sigs.
By the Rev. EH, H. Goddard. 361
Bronze socketed, looped sickle. J. W. Brooke. W.A.M. xxxvii. 103,
140, fig. ; Reliquary xiv. 244 fig.
Ridgeway running along the crest of Hackpen Hill forms whole E.
boundary of parish. 0.17. 28 NE.
Finds, Late Celtic. Making a reservoir on slope of Monkton Down
1912 two dwelling pits were cut through, one 4ft. 6in. the other
5ft. 5in. deep, diameter about 3ft. 9in. at bottom and 3ft. at top. In
one pit two plain cooking pots, half of a small crucible, a chalk disc,
two flint scrapers, animals’ bones, &c., werefound. Devizes Museum.
W.A.M. xxxviii. 108 jigs.
Roman. British settlement on Monkton Down amongst the sarsen stones
14 mile E. of Monkton Church. 0.1. 28 NW.
Gold coin found cr. 1670. Jackson’s Aubrey 341.
Stone Circle? Winterbourne Monkton Down. Circle of stones, 16ft.
diameter described by Merewether (fg. ee). 7 stones then
remaining of circle, enclosing 5.in centre surrounding one flat
sarsen. Immediately under the flat stone a fragment of Samian.
Lower down, fragments of British pottery, animals’ bones, flint
scrapers, and flakes (Fig. ff.) Proc. Arch. Inst. Salisbury p. 106.
WINTERBOURNE STOKE.
Barrows.
Winterbourne Stoke Down group of barrows (1—21). In angle
of eross roads 14 mile 8S.W. of Stonehenge. Hoare in his Plan
(A.W. I. 121) shows 27 barrows in this group; Soc. Ant. Map
(0.M. 1st Ed.), shows 23; O.J2. 54 SW. 2nd Edition shows
21 only.
The numbers in brackets are those on Hoare’s plan of this group,
A.W. I. 121.
1. (1) Long Barrow at angle of cross roads. Soc. Ant. Map 468.
[Condition good except that a hole was dug in its side some
years ago. 1912. M.E.C.] See Appendix Long Barrows.
2. (2) Large barrow just N. of Long Barrow, beside Devizes Rd.
Opened by Hoare. Burnt bones with a “small vessel.” Frag-
ments of pottery, flint scraper, piece of bone of large bird found
1887. Devizes Museum Cat. II. X 88; 0.1. 54 SW.; A.W. I.
121; Soc. Ant. Map 467. [Condition good, 1912. M.E.C.]
Barrows 3—10 lie in a straight line on the Wilsford parish boun-
dary.
3. (12) In boundary of Winterbourne Stoke Clump, small barrow.
Burnt bones. O.Jf, 54 SW.; A.W. I. 121; Soc. Ant. Map 466.
[Site traceable, but nearly all carted away, 1912. M.E.C.]
[3a.] (14) A pond barrow touching the ditch of 4, shown on Soc.
Ant. Map 465 (O.M. 1st Edit.). Not on 0.1. 54 SW., 1901;
A.W.1. 121. [Condition good, 1912. M.E.C.]
VOL. XXXVIII.—NO. CXX. 2B
362 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
4. (15) Large bell-shaped barrow, 14ft. high, at N.corner of plantation.
Opened by Hoare. Burnt bones in wooden box on floor of barrow
with ivory? pin and bow tips 4, strips of thin bronze, 2 bronze
daggers, one very large, and bone tweezers. 5 later skeletons
near surface. O.1. 54 SW.; A.W. I. 122, Pl. XIV.; Arch. 1xi.
125, fig. 75; Evans’ Bronze 241, 302 ; Stourhead Cat. 21—22, 78a ;
W.A.M. xxxvii. 99 fig.; Soc. Ant. Map 464. [Condition good,
1912. M.E.C.]
5. (16) Touching the last on N.E., large bell-shaped barrow. Opened
by Hoare. Skeleton in hollowed elm tree with urn of ginger jar
shape, 2 bronze daggers, andawlin bone handle. O.1.54SW.;
A.W. 1. 128, Pl. XV.; Arch. lxi. 122; Evans’ Bronze 190, 241,
Jig. 227; Stourhead Cat. 23—25 ; Soc. Ant. Map 463. [Defaced
by rabbits; bushes on top, 1912. M.E.C.]
G. (22) N.E. of last. Opened by Hoare. Skeleton covered with pile
of flints. O.Uf.54SW.; A.W. 1.124; Soc. Ant. Map 458. |Con-
dition good, 1912. M.E.C.]
7. (23) N.E. of last, small barrow. Opened by Hoare, nothing found.
O.M. 54 SW.; A.W. I. 124; Soc. Ant. Map 457. [Very low,
barely traceable, 1912. M.E.C.]
{7a.] (24) A small low barrow between 7 and 8. Opened by Hoare,
nothing found. A.W. I. 124; not on O.M.54SW. [No trace
visible, J912. M.E.C.]
8. (25) Large rude bowl-shaped barrow, 107ft. diam., 6ft. high, opened
by Hoare. Bones of “several dogs ” and deer, skeleton on floor
of barrow, apparently disturbed by subsequent interment of
burnt bones at its feet, 2 incense cups near the head, 2 bone
beads, 2 whetstones, pebble, fossil Rhynconella, what Hoare calls
an ivory bracelet, really incisor teeth of beaver, pebble and piece
of stalactite. OU. 54 SW.; A.W. I. 124; Arch. xiii. 364;
Evans’ Stone 419 ; Stourhead Cat. 49—49b, 187—187b ; Soc. Ant.
Map. 454, [Defaced by rabbits, bushes on top. 1912. M.E.C.].
9. (26) Fine bowl-shaped barrow, 97ft. diam. 93ft. high, opened 1804
by W. Cunnington fruitlessly, again by Hoare. Skeleton in
shallow trough of wood of boat-like form, necklace of amber and
jet beads, bronze knife dagger and awl and small vessel. O.J/.
54 SW.; A.W. 1.124 ; Soc. Ant. Map 453. [Defaced by rabbits.
1912. M.E.C.]
10. (27) Barrow 90ft. dia., 7ft. high, at junction of W. Stoke, Ames-
bury and Wilsford parishes, opened by Hoare. Skeletons of 2
dogs near surface. In floor large cist 5ft. x 4ft. x 24ft. deep.
At the bottom 2 skeletons side by side with drinking cup at head ;
above these 5 other skeletons side by side, two of them of young
persons ; above these a skeleton with an urn inverted over burnt
bones in its lap, for which a semi-circular niche in the side of
the cist had been cut. Hoare found proof that these burials
were made at different times, the urn last. He regarded it as
a family burial place. O.J/. 54 SW.; A.W..1. 125; Stourhead
Cat. 274 ; Soc. Ant. Map 452.
By the Rev. EH. H. Goddard. 363
11. (21) Small barrow on W. side of 7 opened by Hoare, nothing
found. O.M. 54 SW.; A.W. 1. 124; Soc. Ant. Map 456. [Very
low and indistinct. 1912. M.E.C.]
12. (20) “Pond Barrow” just W. of last. O.M. 54 SW.; Soc. Ant.
Map 455. [Apparently destroyed. 1913. M.E.C.]
13. (19) Just on W. side of 6, 97ft.diam. 7ft. high, opened by Hoare.
2 piles of burnt bones, and at 3ft. deep urn inverted over burnt
bones, under this a skeleton, and on floor below this another
skeleton, and oblong cist with nothing in it. A perforated pol-
ished stone found. O.//. 54SW.; A.W. I. 123, Pl. xvi. ; Arch.
xliii. 431 ; Stowrhead Cat. 130, 249 ; Evan’s Stone 419 ; Soc. Ant.
Map 459. [Condition good. 1912. M.E.C.]
14. (18) Largedisc barrow touching W. side of last. 3 small mounds
within the ring. Opened by Hoare. In centre mound, small
urn and burnt bones and buttons and beads of amber, in second
mound burnt bones and beads, in third burnt bones only. O.J/.
54 SW; A.W. 1.128; Stowrhead Cat. 48, 249a; Soc. Ant. Map
460. [Condition good. 1912. M.E.C.].
15. (17) Large disc barrow touching last on SW. side, opened by
Hoare, burnt bones. 0.1.54 SW. ; A.W.1.123 ; Soc. Ant. Map.
461. [Condition good, 1912. M.E.C.]
16. (10) Small barrow SW. of last opened by Hoare, nothing found.
OM. 54 SW.; A.W. I. 121 ; Soc. Ant. Map 462. [Very low and
inconspicuous. 1913. M.E.C.]
[16a.] (11). A very small barrow close to last (it is doubtful whether
16 is No. 10 or 11) opened by Hoare, burnt bones, incense cup,
curved bone pin. A.W.1.121; W.A.J/. xxii. 232 figs. ; Stourhead
Cat. 79a ; not on O.17.54 SW. ([[Site traceable, but nearly all
carted away, 1913. M.E.C.]
17. (8) Disc barrow with ditch and vallum, near W. side of Devizes
Rd. opened by Hoare, cist with burnt bones and “ fine Drinking
cup.” O.U. 54 SW.; A.W. 1.121; Soc. Ant. Map 447. [Fine
disc barrow in good condition, 1913. M.E.C.].
18. (9%) Indistinct disc barrow just E. of last, opened by Hoare.
Burnt bones. O./. 54 SW.; A.W. I. 121; Soc. Ant. Map 448.
[Condition good, 1913. M.E.C.] Two skulls obtained by
Thurnam from “ No. 9 on Hoare’s map ” (? this barrow) in Cam-
bridge Museum, Nos. 265, 266.
19. (517) Small-barrow 8. of 17, close to Devizes Rd. opened by
Hoare, burnt bones. 0.17.54 SW. ; A.W.1.121 ; Soc. Ant. Map
443, [Condition good, 1913. M.E.C.]
20. (7) Smail barrow close to E. side of last, opened by Hoare. In
grave skeleton with drinking cup, above the floor skeleton of
child with bason-like vessel. O.M. 54 SW.; A.W. I. 121; Soc.
Ant. Map 455. [Nearly all carted away, 1913. M.E.C.]
21. (6) Small barrow close to Devizes Rd. just 8. of 19, opened by
2B 2
364 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
Hoare, burnt bones. 0.17.54 SW.; A.W. I. 121; Soc. Ant. Map
445. [Condition good, 1913. M.E.C.]
[21a]. (4) A very small barrow between the last and the Rd. Opened
by Hoare, burnt bones. A.W. I. 121; not on O.M. [Condition
good, 1913. M.E.C.]
[21b] (8) Large barrow cut by the Rd. A.W. I. 121; not on 0.
[Condition unaltered since Hoare’s day, 1913. M.E.C.]
In triangle on Winterbourne Stoke Down formed by Devizes Rd.,
Warminster Rd., and parish boundary, to N. of the Winterbourne
Stoke Group, are 6 barrows, 22—27. 0.1.54 SW.
22 (22a.] Small barrow on Amesbury boundary continuing the line
of the Winterbourne Stoke Group, barrows 1—10. A little N.E.
of 10 (27). Hoare opened two small barrows here, and found
nothing. O.Jf. 54 SW. shows only one, ? that in which Thurnam
found a large plain urn 15in. high. Arch. xliil. 353 note ; Soc.
Ant. Map 451.
[The numbers in brackets following are those on Hoare’s Stonehenge
Map.|
23. (11) N.W. of 22 and between it and the square earthwork, “ Pond
Barrow.” O.1. 54 5W.; Soc. Ant. Map 450. [Condition good,
1912. M.E.C.]
[23a.] (10) N. of 23, between it and 24, Stonehenge Map shows
barrow (10). Opened by Hoare, cist with burnt bones and glass
bead. A.W. I. 119 Pl. XIV. ; Stowrhead Cat. 79; not on O.M.
24. (9) N. of 23 and just N.E. of square earthwork, small barrow.
Opened by Hoare. Skeleton in grave 4ft. deep, over this another —
skeleton, and over this an urn inverted over burnt bones with
stag’s horns at the sides. O.Jf. 54 SW.; A.W. I. 119, Pl. XVI. ;
Soc. Ant. Map 448. [Low but condition good, 1912. M.E.C.}
25. (8) W. of the last and N. of square enclosure. Bell-shaped
barrow, 82ft. diam. 73ft. high. Opened by Hoare, cist with burnt
bones, whetstone, and square polished stone. 0.1/.54SW.; A.W.
I. 118; Soe. nee Map 447. [Fine mound on one side, half the
other side carted away, 1912. M.E.C.}
26. (7) Fine bell-shaped barrow just W. of last, 122ft. diam., 9ft.
high. Opened by Hoare, only a fragment of large urn; possibly
opened before. O.1f.54SW.; A.W. 1.118; Soc. Ant. Map 446.
[Condition good, 1912. M.E. C. ]
27. (6). Barrow opened before Hoare’s time, no record. O.M/. 54
SW.; 4.W. 1.118; Soc. Ant. Map 445. [Condition fair, a hole
dug in one side, 1912. M.E.C.]
[27a.] A very small barrow numbered 444 shown on Soc. Ant. Map
(O.M. 1st ed.) just N. of 27, close to Ra., not on O.JZ. 1901, or
Stonehenge Map.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
By the Rev. H. H. Goddard. 365
(42) Barrow in corner formed by Warminster—Amesbury Rd.
and boundary of Amesbury on S. edge of Rd. opposite large
barrow, Amesbury 55, at corner of Fargo Plantation. Opened
1803, cist with urn and burnt bones and bronze awl in handle.
OW, 54 SW.; A.W. I. 164. Pl. XVI. XVII. ; Stourhead Cat. 228,
264—264 o.
(41) On N. side of Warminster Rd. just W. of Fargo plantation,
opened by Hoare, burnt bones. O.U.548.W.; A.W. I. 164;
Soc. Ant. Map 333.
(44) Barrow inside W. end of cursus just outside Fargo plan-
tation, opened by Hoare. Burnt bones. O.M. 54 SW.; A.W.
I. 165 ; Soc. Ant. Map 329. [Never ploughed, but defaced by
rabbits, 1913. M.E.C.]
Three barrows in line close together 3 mile W. of Fargo plantation,
and + mile N. of Amesbury Rd. 31—33.
(47) The most westerly of the three, opened by Hoare. Burnt
bones. O.M.54SW.; A.W. I. 165; Soc. Ant. Yap 312. [Much
ploughed down, under turf again, 1913. M.E.C.]
(46) On S.E. side of last, opened by Hoare. Urn and burnt
bones. 0.17.54 SW.; A.W. 1. 165; Soc. Ant. Map 313. [Con-
dition good, 1913. M.E.C.]
(45) Disc barrow on SH. side of last, opened by Hoare. Burnt
bones. O.J/. 54 SW. (not shown as disc barrow); A.W. I. 165;
Soc. Ant. Map 314. [Ditch and central mound distinguishable,
bank ploughed down, now turf again, 1913. M.E.C.]
(48) Large disc barrow N.W. of 31 and S.W. of Lesser Cursus.
Opened by Hoare. Burnt bonesand bronze awl. O.If. 54 SW. ;
A.W.1.165; Soc. Ant. Map 311. [Site of this barrow only
marked by slight hollow im ground, now under turf again, 1913.
M.E.C. |
(49) Oval barrow at W. end of Lesser Cursus, 140ft. long x 7O0ft.
broad, slight ditch all round it, opened by Thurnam 1864. Near
E. end 18in. under surface a crouched skeleton with drinking
cup at the head. A small cup of thick pottery found near centre,
and at W. end, 2ft. under surface, crouched skeleton of tall man,
with 4 beautiful leaf or lozenge-shaped flat flint javelin heads.
British Museum. 0.17.54 SW.; W.A.d0. xi. 42 figs.; A.W. I.
165 ; Evans’ Stone, 273 ; Soc. Ant. Map 303. [Condition good.
turf, 1913. M.E.C.] :
(50) Just W. of the last, bowl-shaped, opened by Hoare. Skele-
ton in cist and large stag’s horn. O.M. 54 SW.; A.W. I. 165;
Soc. Ant. Map 304. [Condition good, turf, 1913. M.E.C.]
(51) Just W. of last, bell-shaped barrow, 95ft. diam., 7ft. high,
opened by Hoare. In grave 4$ft. deep 2 skeletons, adult and
young person of 12. O.1.54SW.; A.W. 1.165; Soc. Ant. Map
305. [Half of this barrow under plough and much cut down,
1913. M.E.C.]
366 Lust of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities,
38. (52) Just W. of last, large barrow opened by Hoare, marks of
intense fire, nothing else. O.Jf.54SW.; A.W.1.165; Soc. Ant.
Map 306. [Much ploughed down, still under plough, 1913.
M.E.C.]
39. (53) S.W. of last, opened by Hoare, circular cist containing ashes.
only. O.Jf.54SW.; A.W. 1.165; Soc. Ant. Map 307. [Much
ploughed down and still under plough, 1913. M.E.C.]
40. (54) Fine bell-shaped barrow S8.W. of last, 80ft. diam., 7ft. high.
Opened by Hoare. Circular cist 1ft. deep full of wood ashes and
a few fragments of bone, another larger oblong cist with burnt
bones. O.M. 54 SW.; A.W. I. 165, 166; Soc. Ant. Map 308.
{Much ploughed down and still under plough, 1913. M.E.C.]
41. (55) S.W. of last, just on E. side of Devizes Rd. Opened before
Hoare’s time, burnt bones only. O.J2. 54 SW.; A.W. I. 166;
Soc. Ant. Map 309. [No trace visible, 1913. M.E.C.]
42. (56) Large flat bowl-shaped barrow with ditch, S.W. of last, on
W. side of Devizes Rd., N. of cross roads. Opened by Hoare.
Previously opened. Flint arrowhead. O.Jf54SW.; A.W. 166;
Stourhead Cat. 83; Soc. Ant. Map 316. [Condition good, 1912.
Never ploughed. M.E.C.]
A mound just 8S. of 42 on Stonehenge Map, says Hoare, is a land-
mark only and not numbered accordingly. [No signs of it visible,
1912. M.E.C.]
43, 44. Two barrows near together about 4 mile N.W. of 42, 4 mile
N.E. of British village, 0.17.54 SW. ; not on Stonhenge Map or
A.W. 1. Station V. North; Soc. Ant. Map 293, 292.
45. Barrow E. of Devizes Rd. ¢ mile N. of Greenland Farm. OJ.
54 SW.; A.W. I. Station V. North; not on Stonehenge Map;
Soc. Ant. Map 300. [Much ploughed down and still under
plough, 1913. M.E.C.]
Group of 5 barrows 46—S50, close together in N. corner of parish
4 mile N. of Fargo Plantation, on Durrington boundary. 3more
of same group are in Durrington (1—8), altogether, says Hoare,
4 disc and 5 round barrows (A.W. I. 166), but Stonehenge Map
shows 4 disc and 4 round barrows only.
46. (57) large barrow, westernmost of group. Opened by W.
Cunnington, F.S.A. In acist bronze knife dagger (?), whetstone,
bone tweezers, and bone implements, O.Jf. 54 SW.; A.W. 1.
166 note; Soc. Ant. Map 301. [Somewhat ploughed down, but
under turf again, condition fair, 1913. M.E.C.]
47. (61) Large disc barrow. Opened by W. Cunnington, no exact
record. O.M@.54SW.; A.W.1. 166 note; Soc. Ant. Map 317.
[Much ploughed down, but under grass again, 1913. M.E.C.]
q
By the Rev. HE. H, Goddard. 367
48. (60) On Durrington boundary, bell barrow. Opened by W.
Cunnington, no record. 0.1. 54SW.; A.W.I. 166; Soc. Ant.
Map 318. [Fair condition, 1913. M.E.C.]
49. (58) Large disc barrow. Opened by W. Cunnington, no exact
record. O.U/. 54 SW; A.W. I. 166 note; Soc. Ant. Map 315.
[Has been much ploughed down, now grass again, 1913. M.E.C.}
50. (59) Disc barrow, opened by W. Cunnington, no exact record.
In 47, 49, 50, Cunnington found, in one, an interment with
bronze knife dagger ?in another burnt bones, beads of jet and
amber, and fragment of knife dagger. A.W. I. 166 note;
OM. 54 SW.; Soc. Ant. Yap 316. [Much ploughed down but
under grass again, 1913. M.E.C.]
51. (1) Winterbourne Stoke Down, just S. of Warminster Rd. on E.
side of ditch, running to British village, small low flat barrow
with ditch. Opened by Hoare. Burnt bones. O.M/. 54 SW. ;
A.W.1.117; Soc. Ant. Map 295. [Never ploughed, 1912. M.E.C.}
52. (2) Barrow + mile 8.E. of last, N.E. of British village. Opened
by Hoare. Burnt bones. 0.17. 54SW.; A.W.1.117; Soc. Ant.
Map 296. [Very small, 1912. M.E.C.]
53. (3) Long barrow, 104ft. x 64ft. lying E. & W., just E. of last.
0.M.54 SW.; A.W. I. 117; Soc. Ant. Map 297. [Condition
good, 1912. M.E.C.] See Appendix Long Barrows.
[53a.] (4) ToS. of last. Opened by shepherds, no record, A.W. I.
117; not on 0.1. 54 SW.
54. (5) Large barrow near W. side of Devizes Rd, 4 mile E. of
British village. Grave 4ft. deep with part of skeleton, above
this, skeleton of infant, over the side of the grave skeleton of
young person, jet button, and “pulley ring,” flint dagger or
spearhead rudely chipped, 2 whetstones ? of slate, and drinking
cup. O.Uf. 54 SW.; A.W. I. 118, Pl. XIV.; Arch. xliti. 425 ;
Evans’ Stone 239 ; Stourhead Cat.72; Soc. Ant. Map 443. [Under
plough, 1912. M.E.C.]
55. Very large disc barrow near small plantation 5.E. of British village,
apparently not shown on Stonehenge Map. O.M. 54 SW.; Soc.
Ant. Map 442.
Winterbourne Stoke “East Group.” On Fore Down 4 mile S. of
Shrewton Rd., 4 mile W. of British village, Stonehenge Map
and plan on p. 113 of A.W. show 11 barrows enclosed in space
of 7 acres within oval bank and ditch. O.Jf. 54 SW. shows 5
barrows only, 56—60. All opened by Hoare. A.W. I. 115.
Group numbered 439 in Soc. Ant. Map. [Condition perfect
except for levelling of a few yards of bank and ditch for the
training gallop, 1912. M.E.C.]
[The numbers in brackets are those in Hoare’s Plan of the group:
A.W. I. 113.]
368 Lnst of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities,
56. (7) Large barrow nearest NE. side of enclosure with 3 interments.
In cist in floor of barrow crouched skeleton of man, and enor-
mous stag’s horn. Above this above level of floor burnt bones
and drinking cup, and immediately over this skeleton of infant.
O.M. 54 SW.;A.W.1.115. Stourhead Cat. 71a.
57. (8) Large bowl-shaped barrow 100ft. diam., skeleton on floor of
barrow. A.W.1116. O.M, 54 SW.
58. (5?) Urn and burnt bones and bone pin? O.M. 54 SW.
[58a.] (4) Small barrow, burnt bones, apparently gone, not on 0.1.
54 SW.
59. (3?) Opened before Hoare’s time, burnt bones and ‘“‘a little
cup.” 0.17, 54 SW.
{59a.] (2) Burnt bones, not on 0.1.54 SW.
60. (1) Small barrow nearest the EK. point of enclosure, burnt bones.
O.M. 54 SW.
[60a—60c]. (9—11). One small barrow near N. side and two near
S. side of enclosure. Opened by Hoare but no sign of interment
found. A.W.I.116. Apparently gone, not on 0.17. 54 SW.
Winterbourne Stoke West “ Conygar” group, + mile S.W. of last
group, 1 mile N. of village, E. of Rd. and W. of bourne. Hoare
A.W.1.113 plan shows 9 barrows enclosed within pentagonal
bank and ditch, in area of about 4 acres, and just outside the
enclosure on 8.W. O.J/. 53 SE. shows 6 inside and 8 outside
[1 to 9] numbered 438 on Soc. Ant. Map. All except one opened
by Hoare 1809. Hoare regards the enclosure as longsubsequent
to the barrows, ? a rabbit warren. [In good condition except for
damage by rabbits, 1912. M.E.C.]
[The numbers in brackets are those on Hoare’s plan. ]
61. (1) Large disc barrow in N. corner of enclosure, original interment
of burnt bones in cist had been displaced and skeleton with iron
knife buried in its place. A.W. I. 113.
62. (2) Wide barrow, mutilated, 4ft. high. Large urn with burnt —
bones enclosed in linen cloth. A.W. I. 1138.
63. (3 or 52) Flat barrow, mutilated, about 4ft. high. Oval cist,
burnt bones and linen. A.W. I. 113.
[63a.] (4) Small, just on E. side of 3. No interment found. Prob-
ably, says Hoare, not abarrow. A.W.I.113; noton 0.17. 53SE,
64. (7%) Pond barrow. A.W. 1.114. 0.17.53 SE.? -
[64a.] (5%) Flat barrow. 2 cists, in one a small bronze dagger and
about 48 “beads of clay,” with 3. encrinite joints, and number of
Dentalium shells. The other cist had only sheep bones. A.W.
I. 114, Pl. XIII. ; Evans’ Bronze 394 ; Stouwrhead Cat. 67—69.
[64b.] (6) [lat barrow. Oval cist with burnt bones and “rude little
cup like saucer.” A.W. I, 114.
by the Rev. H. H. Goddard. 369
65. (9) Flat barrow. 2 small round cists with burnt bones, in one
a reversible incense cup. A.W.I. 114, Pl. XIII.; Stourhead Cat.
71 fig. -
66. (8) Irregular flat barrow 3ft. high. Large urn upright in circular
cist with burnt bones, (A.W. I. 114, Pl. XIII.,) small bronze
dagger, and a “few black beads.” Stourhead Cat. 86, 86a, 254.
67. (10) Just outside ditch on E., flat barrow with ditch and vallum,
Opened by W. Cunnington, 1804. Urn inverted over burnt
bones, bronze aw], shale button, and 5 rings and glass beads.
Evans’ Stone 418 ; Stourhead Cat. 70, 70a, 70c.
68. (12) Large disc barrow furthest of the 3 outside to the KE. Large
urn 16% in. high inverted over burnt bones with small cup and
glass, amber, and shale bead necklace. Stourhead Cat. 70b.
69. (11) Disc barrow between 7 and 8, outside enclosure. Cist with
burnt bones.
Earthworks. ‘I'he extreme W. end of the greater Cursus projecting from
Fargo plantation is in W. Stoke. See Amesbury.
The lesser Cursus, 4 mile N. of Shrewton—Amesbury Rd. just W. of N.
end of Fargo plantation, extends E. to W. about 3 mile. Same plan
as larger Cursus on a smaller scale, parallel banks and rounded end.
Stonehenge Map and O.M. 54 8.W. show the E. end as imperfect,
and the W. end as rounded. Hoare thought both greater and lesser
Cursus to be for chariot races, and probably Roman. A.W. I. 159.
[Much ploughed down, but still discernible, now under grass again,
1912. M.E.C.]
Square enclosure shown on O.M. 54 SW. 4 mile N. of Long Barrow
cross roads, not shown on Stonehenge Map. Soc. Ant. Map 449.
For enclosures surrounding barrows on Fore Down and at the Conygar
see under Barrows above, Winterbourne Stoke East and West Groups.
Ditch running N. to S. from site of British village just N. of Shrewton
—Amesbury Rd. to British village within square enclosure with
many banks and ditches 4 mile S. of the Rd. Probably same ditch
appears again at Long Barrow cross rds. running SE. for 1 mile
forming boundary of Wilsford to the Lake Group of barrows. O.J/.
54 SW.;60 NW. Probably this ditch isa continuation of that which
runs 8.E. across the Rd. to Shrewton in ‘Tilshead, and is lost. in
Shrewton. A.W. I. Station V. North.
A fragment of ditch running N.W. toS.E. cuts across Berwick St. James
boundary and the Devizes—Salisbury Rd. at N.E. corner of “ The
Park” 74 miles from Salisbury. 0.1.60 NW.
Roman. Inequalities of ground, mostly now ploughed down just on N.
side of Amesbury—Shrewton Rd. at 43 miles from Amesbury, site
of British village. O.1. 54 SW. ; A.W. I. Station V. North.
Opposite the last, 5 mileS. of the Rd. square enclosure and many banks
and ditches show site of British village connected with former by
ditch.
British village just N.E. of the Conygar W. of Rd. to Winterbourne
370 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities,
Stoke, pottery, coins, etc., found here. A.W. I. 95 Station III. ; not
on O..U 53 SE.
T-headed hinge pin bow brooch 1863, Blackmore Museum.
Saxon? Skeleton with iron knife secondary interment in Barrow Winter-
bourne Stoke West Group, 1. A.W. I. 113.
WINTERSLOW.
Barrows.
[la—k.] A.W. I. Station V. South shows a group of 11 small barrows
in the two rectangular enclosures at the back (north) of the
Pheasant Inn, or Winterslow Hut. None of these shown in O. MM.
61 SE. ; 67 N E. a
[11.] A.W. Th Station VII. shows a barrow N. of Roman Rd., N.E. of
West Winterslow. Not in 0. 67 NE. vi
A bell-shaped barrow 84ft. in diam., at the angle of the Idmiston |
and Salisbury—London Roads, was opened by Rev.A.B. Hutchins |
1814. 14ft. below top under a kind of arch of large flintsa large |
urn 18in. X 18in. inverted over burnt bones. A covering of linen
over the bones within the urn. Many amber conical buttonsand —
beads, bronze awl, and bronze fluted razor, a flower-pot-shaped
incense cup, and a smaller urn 12in. X 114in. containing burnt —
bones, surrounded by flints, near the large urn. Also a heap of
burnt bones, bronze knife dagger (“spearhead,”) and “4ironarrow-
heads together with a small circular earthen vase.” ‘The primary
interment 4ft. below original surface, large skeleton with head to
N. A drinking cup inverted over two flint arrowheads between
the knees and feet, a bronze flat tanged dagger, and a slate wrist-
guard under the right arm. Ashmolean Museum (except the
iron “arrowheads.”) Not in O.0/.; Arch. xliil. 361, 449, fig 40,
Pl. XXXII. Fygs. 2, 3, 8; 1xi. 106; Arch. Journ. I. 156,157; Proc.
Soc. Ant. Scot. xli. 247 Jig. 89, 274, fig. 198; Evans’ Bronze
216, fig. 265; W.A.M. xxxvii. 117, 145, 151. Pe
Other barrows here also opened by Rev..A. B. Hutchins, apparently
finding another tanged bronze dagger with pointed blade. Ash-
molean Museum. W_.A.M/. xxxvii. 117. a4
Earthworks. Hoare A.W. I. 216, 217, Station V. South, ame aditch |
coming from Boscombe ? crossing Roman Rd., passing through —
Idmiston to near Winterslow Hut, where with aulnes ditches it forms —
a large oblong with the two largest barrows inside it, a ditch from
the S.E. corner running E. into Hampshire. Not in O.J/.
Roman. Road Old Sarum to Winchester runs just S. of Middleton Farm
at Middle Winterslow along a modern road, its course W. of this being
lost for some distance. E. of Middle Winterslow its course is again
lost, but resumed as a modern road N. of St. John’s Church. i
leaves parish and county at Owl’s Castle. O.Uf. 67 NE.; A.W. IL |
Roman Ara 58 plan.
T-headed bronze bow brooch, 1913. Blackmore Museum.
By the Rev. E. H. Goddard. 371
WISHFORD, GREAT.
Earthworks. Irregular oval enclosure in Heath Wood at E. end of
Grovely. O.M. 65 NE.
A ditch coming out of the E. end of Grovely Wood on Grovely Hill.
O.Y. 66 NW.
See also below under Roman.
Finds, Neolithic. Ground flint celt, Blackmore Museum.
Roman. Grovely Works extending for 14 miles round 3 sides of pro-
montory on N. side of Grovely Wood, about 1 mile West of Wishford
village ; extensive Romano British settlement covering 60 acres, with
irregular ditches outside the wood. Inthe centre of N. side a section
of strong triple ramparts (for what purpose ?) and again for short
distance on H. O.M. 59 SE. ; A.W. 1.110, 111 plan, Station IV.
Roman Rd. to Old Sarum running straight through Grovely issues
from the E. end of wood ina “raised and straight causeway ” says
Hoare. A.W. 1.110 Station IV. ; not on O.W/. 66 NW.
WOODFORD.
Barrows.
1. Barrow just E. of Salisbury—Devizes Rd. at Druids’ Lodge. O.J/.
60 NW. ; A.W. 1. Station V. South.
[la—g]. Just W. of the last and between it and the Rd. Hoare,
A.W. IJ. 214 Station V. South shows a cluster of barrows close
together “so diminutive in size that their elevation above the
* soil scarcely exceeds a foot” all opened by him. 4 contained
urns of the “rudest texture,” another burnt bones only. Noton
0.1. 60 NW.
2. Long Barrow just E. of parish boundary and Devizes—Salisbury
Rd. at 53 miles from Salisbury. O.M. 60 SW.; A.W. I. Station
_ Y.South. See Appendix Long Barrows.
3—7 [7a]. Five barrows inside the earthwork enclosure at Hooklands
Plantation on Heale Hill 4 mile W. of Upper Woodford. O.2/.
60 SW.; 4. W. I. Station V. South shows 6 barrows inside.
[7 b,c]. A.W. I. Station V. South shows 2 barrows close together
just outside enclosure at NE. point. Not on O.J/. 60 SW.
8—14. Scattered group of 7 barrows W. of Hooklands Plantation,
between it and Salisbury—Devizes Rd. O.U/. 60 SW.; A.W.
I. Station V. South shows only 3.
From a barrow at Woodford a small cinerary urn with overhanging
rim about 7in. high. Salisbury Museum.
Earthworks. At Hooklands plantation on Heale Hill 4 mile W. of Upper
Woodford irregular oval earthwork enclosure, area about 5 acres,
with slight vallum. 0.1. 60 SW.; A.W. I. 215 Station V. South.
372 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
1 mile W. of Woodford Church, and just W. of Woodford Clump a
small earthwork enclosure, vallum slight, entrance to E. says Hoare. ©
O.M. 60 SW. ; A.W. I. 215, Station V. South.
Hoare A.W. I. 215 notes faint remains of ditch pointing to Heale Hill
from the last enclosure. Not in O.J£. 60 SW.
Hoare notes a ditch coming from Hamshill ditches in Burford along 8.
side of Grovely, crossing Wylye river at Chilhampton and running
across Devizes—Salisbury Rd. into Woodford, “opposite Little
Durnford.” A.W. 1. 110 Station IV. ; not in O.J7. 66 NW.
Roman. Square cultivation marks, etc., on-Heale Hill S.W. of the Hook-
lands plantation enclosure; a British village. O.d7.60SW.; A.W.
Ik, Di.
WOOTTON BASSETT.
Barrows.
[la.]? A mound at Brynards Hill, 66ft. diam., 23ft. high. Opened |
by E. C. Trepplin, 1891, contained Norman pottery fragments |
only, probably not sepulchral. Not in O.J7. j
[1b.] A similar mound in field called “ Woolleys” at Knighton, also
opened same time. Similar pottery fragments, but in centre a
pit 7ft. or 8ft. deep, contained charcoal and fragments of iron. —
Tradition said it was the site of Windmill. W.A.d/. xxvi. 416;
XXVIll. 263 ; not in O_V/.
Finds, Neolithic. A few flint arrowheads. A. D. Passmore Coll.
Sarsen muller, long shape. Devizes Museum Cat. II. 9.
Finds, Bronze Age. Bronze socketed spear head without loops. Hunt’s
Mill, 1899. Devizes Museum Cat. II. BS ; Reliquary, xiv. 246 fig. ; |
W.A.M. xxx. 290. o |
Small bronze flanged celt found in making Badminton line, “ near iy
Wootton Bassett” (?in what parish). In private hands. Cast in —
Devizes Museum Cat. II. B27a; W.A.. xxxili. 343; xxxiv. 311 fig.
[Human remains found 1863 just W. of Vicarage, no details. O.J/.14 >
SE. ] i
[Pottery Kiln, Norman, just on S. side of main Rd. at Hunt’s Mill. yl
O.M. 14 SE]
WRAXALL, NORTH.
Barrows. [Group of 4 round barrows just over boundary of Marshfield
and Gloucestershire. O.J/.]
Finds, Late Celtic. On site of Roman villa, 1860. A bronze cushion-
shaped bow-brooch of “Italian” type ci. 400 or 500 B.C. Devizes
Museum Oaé. II. 425; Reliquary xiv. 102 Mig. 24; WAU. xxxv.
394, 398, fig. 1.
Roman. A considerable villa and cemetery in field called “‘ Coffin Ground,”
in N.E. extremity of parish, 1 mile N.E. of Church, just N.E. of
By the Rev. H. H. Goddard. 373
Truckle Hill Barn, excavated 1859, 1860, by G. Poulet Scrope. Villa
180ft. < 36ft. 16 rooms, baths, hypocausts, stone bath. Well exca-
vated to depth of 68ft. Many parts of columns, capitals, roof finials,
&c., found in it, now at Castle Combe Manor. 60 yds. away four or
five tombs, in one a large stone coffin (at Castle Combe). Remarkable
crescent ornament of two boars’ tusks with bronze mount (British
Museum). Fragments of pottery, glass vessels, marble wall veneer,
bronze nails, earpick, armlets, key, statuette, coins, &c. Devizes
Museum Cat. II. 417—451; O.W2. 19 SE.; Gent. Mag. 1860, Pt. II.
157; W.A.J. vii. 59 figs.; Lewis’ Hist. of N. Wraxhall 166.
Large stone coffin found here in 18th cent., destroyed. Hist. of NV.
Wraxhall 166.
WRAXALL, SOUTH.
Earthworks. The Roman Road and Wansdyke combined form N.
boundary of parish throughout. O.M, 25 SE.; 32 NW.; A.W.
Il., Roman Ara 16—320, 73 plan.
WROUGHTON.
Barrows.
1—$3. Barbury Castle. 3 small barrows close together at foot of hill
on W. side of camp, just on N. edge of track descending from
camp, and just W. of track which cuts it going S. to Rockley.
O.M. 22S. Smith p. 191 XIII. K. I. k, 1 shows 2 only (1 & 2),
low bowl-shaped barrows, one opened, no record, the other not
opened. Hoare A.W. II. 41 mentions 2 round barrows, but they
are not shown in Stations XI. XII.
4 large disc-shaped barrow on W. slope of hill on the 800ft. contour
line, under the camp, N. of track through camp, E. of 1—3.
Apparently opened, no record. O.M. 22 SE.; A.W. II. 41, not
in Stations XI. XII.; Smith p. 191 XIII. K. I. c.
5. N.E. of the last a small bowl-shaped barrow just outside N.W.
rampart of camp. O.M. 22 SE.; Smith p. 191, XIII. K. 1. d.;
not in A.W. IL. Stations XI. XII.
6, 7. 4 mile N.E. of camp just W. of Rd. 2 large Heal haped barrows
close together, much ploughed down. Opened, norecord. O.M.
22 NE.; Smith p.191, XIII. K.1.¢,f.; A.W. IL. Stations XI. XII.
[7 a—c.] A.W. II. Stations XI. XII. marks 3 barrows near together
on ‘“‘Ufcot Down,” S.W. of Barbury Castle and S. of Ridgeway.
In Wroughton or Preshute? Not in O.Jf, 22 SE.
(The barrow mentioned by Hoare A.W. II. 41, Stations XI. XII. as
on “‘ Down belonging to Hlcombe” is apparently in Preshute ?}
Earthworks. Barbury Castle (half in Wroughton, half in Ogbourne St.
Andrew), one of the finest and strongest of Wiltshirecamps. Oval,
double ramparts. Area 123 acres, circuit 880 yds. Entrances E. & W.
with outer works covering theformer. O.1/.22SE.; A.W. II. 41,
Pl. VIII. plan, Stations XI. XII.
374 List of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
Just S.W. of Vicarage and School the Broad Hinton Rd. runs apparently
in ditch of a camp which occupied the whole promontory on which
Vicarage, Church, and Manor House stand. Earthworks not very
evident now, not shown in OW. 15 SE. ; or A. W. II. Stations XI. XII.
Rectangular earthwork in low ground N. of Barbury Castle. O.J/. 22
NE. See Roman, below. :
A smaller rectangular earthwork 4 mile toW. Mutilated. O.1/.22 NE. —
Ridgeway crosses S. end of parish below N.side of Barbury Castle, forming
parish boundary W. of Barbury. O.Jf. 22 SE.; A.W. IL. 46, Stations
XI. XII.
Finds, Neolithic. Flint celt. A. D. Passmore Coll. Scrapers, &e.
Devizes Museum.
Roman. On N. side of Barbury Castle in low ground below the camp,
rectangular earthworks excavated by N. Story Maskelyne 1886. Site
of Roman dwellings, coin of Tetricus Senr., Samian and other pottery, —
glass bead. Devizes Museum Ca#. Il. 479—483; OW. 22 NE:
W.AWM. xxiii. 180; A.W. II. 41.
Large and fine bronze bow T-shaped hinge pin brooch, Barbury, 1888.
Devizes Museum Cat. II. 312 fig.; W.A.U. xxiv. 130.
Silver spoon, “ Verecunda”’ scratched on bowl, Barbury. J. W. Brooke ~
Coll. i
Quern, Barbury. Devizes Museum Cat. II. Q. 32.
WYLYE.
Barrows. :
1. Small barrow just outside S. rampart of Wylye Camp or Bilbury
Rings, opened by Hoare, contained burnt bones only. O.J7. 59
SW. ; A.W. I. 108 Station IV. 4
[la, b]. A.W. 1. Station IV. shows a barrow on Wylye Down to SW.
of the camp, and another half-way between the camp and Wylye
village, neither shown on O.J/. 59 SW. =
2. Barrow NW. of Deptford Field Barn and Chalk Pit. O.M, 5995
NW. ; A.W. I Station III. |
3. Barrow 1 mile N. of the last on Deptford Down. O.M@.59NW.; |
A.W.1. Station III.
A bowl-shaped incense cup with perforated bottom found on site =
of ploughed down barrow at Deptford 1908. In possession of
the finder 1914. 2.
Earthworks. Bilbury Rings or Wylye Camp 1 mile S.: of Station on
projecting point of Grovely Ridge, area 17} acres, circuit 4 furlongs
190 yds., many modern entrances. “Fortified (says Hoare) on the
E. by double, and on the W. by triple entrenchments, the outward —
one particularly on the E. side being very broad and flat. Within
the area of this camp we find the remains of another work of a very
irregular form having the ditch within.” See Roman below. 0.1/1
By the Rev. L. H. Goddard, 375
59 SW. ; A. W. I. 108 plan, Station IV. [The whole area including
banks and ditches is under cultivation,and the lines of the entrench-
ment can now only be traced with some difficulty. 1913. M.E.C.]
Winding ditch which forms N. boundary of woods at Dinton Beeches
and westwards, N. of the Ox Drove, is the S. boundary of the parish.
O.M. 59 SW.; A.W. I. Station IV.
Finds, Neolithic. Very large tanged and barbed flint arrow or lance
head, Church Bottom 1872. Blackmore Museum.
Finds, Bronze Age. Bronze looped palstave 1876. Blackmore Museum.
W.A.M. xxxvii. 134. Socketed spearhead, imperfect, 1881. Black-
more Museum. W.A.M. xxxvii, 144.
Finds, Late Celtic. Bronze bow brooch, La Tene I. type. Blackmore
Museum. Reliquary xiv. 97 fig. 12; W.A.M. xxxv. 400 fig. 11.
Roman. Inside the irregular entrenchments within Bilbury hcings or
Wylye Camp, all sorts of pottery, coins, bronze bracelet, iron nails,
querns, &c. found by Hoare. A.W. 1. 108 Station IV. Inside the
camp, bronze bow brooch La Tene III. type, and one of 3rd cent.
type. Blackmore Museum. W.A.Jf. xxxv. 405 fig.
Roman Rd. Fragment of the straight road running W. through
Grovely, just N. of Dinton Beeches in S.E. corner of parish. O.J/.
59 SW.
Deptford Farm. Roman narrow necked vase of good New Forest
ware found with skeleton and a “saucer-like” vessel, by pond
diggers 1898. Other skeletons were found at the same time.
Devizes Museum Cat. II. 228 ; W.A.M. xxxiii. 170 jig.
YATESBURY.
Barrows.
1. Barrow in centre of village, N.E. of Church. Opened by Dean
Merewether, 1849. Nothing found. O.1/.27NE.; Proc. Arch.
Inst. Salisbury, 95; W.A.M. xviii. 331 ; Smith p. 87, VI. E.
IV. d. [A good deal mutilated, several large trees growing on it
a brick water tower ? built on it. 1914. E.H.G.]
2. Barrow in 8.E. corner of village, HK. of Barrow Lane. Opened by
Dean Merewether 1849. No interment found. Animal bones
and fragments of iron in mound. O.M. 27 NE.; Proc. Arch.
Inst. Salisbury 95; Smith p. 86, VI. E. IV. a.
3, 4. Two barrows close together in Barrow Field, S. of Barrow
Way. Opened by Dean Merewether 1849. (b) A large barrow
originally very high but ploughed down; in the centre a cist
containing burnt bones deposited in a hollow tree coffin 4ft.
x 2hft. x 14ft. thick with a bronze knife dagger 4% X 14in.
(c) A large barrow cut down czr. 1833 when 2 skeletons with
knife and metal box were found (?Saxon). Dean Merewether
found only a cist with burnt bones, with much charcoal and
pottery sherds in the mound. 0.17.27 NE.; A.W. I. Stations
376 Lust of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
XI. XII; Proc. Arch. Inst. Salisbury 96, 97, fig.T; WAM.
Xvill. 332; Snwth p. 86, 87, VI. E. IV. b, «.
5. 1 barrow N.W. of village E. of Nolands Farm, close to parish
boundary. Bowl-shaped, no ditch. Notopened. O0.M@.27NE.; —
Smith p. 86, VI. D. IV. d.
[ Sa, b.] Between the Bath Rd.and the old Bath Rd: to S. of it, W. of “ Vize
Way,” a low wide barrow ploughed down. Not opened? Not —
in0.M. And opposite this, on N.of Bath Rd.a very low ploughed-
down barrow. Not in O.Uf.; Smith pp. 97, 98, VII. E. V. n. y.
Stukeley, Abury p. 45, says ‘‘ Mr. Bray of Monkton open’d a barrow
among many others, at Yatesbury. There was a great stone laid
at top, just under the surface. When taken up they found a
body laid in a stone coffin, form’d by several stones. Hesays,in
another they found a body with a flat gold ring, which was sold p |
for thirty shillings, and a piece of brass, about the bulk ofa pint |
mug, with spearheads of iron.” WA. xviii. 334; Smith p. 88.
A mound shown on O.Jf. 27 NE., 3 mile E. of Yatesbury Copse.
Between Yatesbury and Avebury many interments with no sign
of any mound have occurred ; in one case covered by two large
sarsens. W.A.W. xviii. 330.
Earthworks. N.W. of village in field called Cowleaze, a very small square
enclosure with low bank and ditch, banks and ditches diverge from |
it to some distance on three sides. O.M. 27 NE.; Smith p. 86, VI. |
D. IV.a; Proc. Arch. Inst. Salisbury p. 95. ie
Roman. Coins from Trajan to Valens found in a field called Boxbury (or iy
Foxbury 2) Smith, p. 86; W.A.W. VI. 259, XVIII. 331. #
Saxon. Two Saxon (2) skeletons, knife, metal box, and pottery beads found a
near top o! barrow 4, cer. 1833. WAM. xvili. 332. See above.
cal
o,.
Sa
ADDENDA.
ALTON PRIORS (p. 163).
Barrow [10b.] [Small but in good condition, 1913. M.E.C.]
AMESBURY (pp. 167, 170).
Barrows 20, 21. (Hoare, 128, 129) [These two barrows almost touch
each other. Overgrown in wood and in poor condition, 1913.
M.E.C.]
22. (Hoare 130) [On edge of wood, overgrown, 1913. M.E.C.]
58, 59, 60. [All under plough, 60 a large barrow, 1913. M.E.C.]
By the Rev. LE. H. Goddard. 377
ASHLEY (p. 175).
Barrow [1a.] Hoare, A.W. II. Roman Ara 98 in plan of the Fosseway
marks “a very fine barrow” close on edge of Fosseway just 1
mnile S. of Church. Not in O.J/. 3 SE.
AVEBURY (pp. 176, 179, 180).
Barrows 17. Beckhampton. See Appendix Long Barrows.
[19a.] [Good-sized barrow, under plough, 1913. M.E.C.]
20. [Planted with trees, 1913. M.E.C.]
Windmill Hill (p. 179). [Two barrows not shown in 0.Jf. 28-NW.
can still be seen on the ploughed land, 1913. M.E.C.]
[44c.] [Still of considerable size, though not shown in O.W. 28 NW.,
1913. M.E.C.]
45. O0.M@.28NW. [Half of this barrow under plough, 1913. M.E.C.]
BRATTON (p. 209).
Barrow [6a]. Small round barrow less than Ift. high on down near
_ Bratton Castle. Opened, circular cist with crouched skeleton,
no relics. Skull at Cambridge Museum, No. 254. This barrow
is apparently not mentioned in the list or shown on 0. Uf. 45 SW.,
unless it is the “mound” S. of the camp.
BROUGHTON GIFFORD (p. 215).
Romano British (?) skulls from graves found in digging gravel for rail-
way ballast 1862. Skeletons were extended. Excavated by Rev. J.
Wilkinson, W. Cunnington, and Dr. Thurnam. 3 skulls at Cambridge
Museum, Nos. 175 —7.
CHARLTON, NEAR PEWSEY (p., 221).
Roman. The bronze plaque with relief of Minerva (Devizes Musum Cut,
TI. 354 fig.) wrongly assigned to Lavington, was really found on
Charlton Down, with a bronze figure 3in. high and many coins.
Arch. Journ. vii. 318.
DEVIZES (p. 239).
Roman. Pans Lane railway cutting 1861. Romano British skull: Cam-
bridge Museum, No 144.
KNOOK (p. 2174).
Barrow [5b]. Small barrow inside an irregular earthwork with vallum
outside ditch, much ploughed down, S. of Old Ditch, 8.W. of
Knook Castle, N. of Amesbury Rd. Opened by Hoare. Crouched
skeleton Ift. 6in. under surface and 3ft. to S. of it a circular cist
with burnt bones. A.W. I. 82, Station III. ; not in O.J/. 52 SE.
378 Lnst of Prehistoric, Roman, and Pagan Saxon Antiquities.
LAVERSTOCK (p. 278).
Barrows 3, 4. ‘Hand Barrows.” [This appears to bea Long Barrow —
and does not at all resemble 2 round barrows, 1913. M.E.C.]
See Appendix Long Barrows.
MILTON LILBOURNE (p. 292).
A small gold penannular bracelet formed of twisted strands found 1910
on Mr. Bush’s farm, Clench Common (?in what parish). In possession
(1913) of Mr. Rudge, of Swindon. Of doubtful age.
Total Number of Barrows in Wilts.
_ Dr.Thurnam reckoned the total number of barrows in the County
at about 2000. Probably he arrived at this number by counting
those shown on the “Station” maps of Hoare’s Ancient Waits.
These maps, however, are so difficult to compare with the modern
Ordnance Maps that in a considerable number of cases it has been
found impossible accurately to locate or identify barrows shown
by Hoare. Moreover since Dr. Thurnam wrote the County has
lost the parishes of Damerham, Martin, &c., on its southern border,
and with them a good many barrows. The total number of barrows
of all kinds identified in the foregoing List as either existing now,
or having been accurately recorded is 1854, of which 471 are not
shown on the 2nd edition of the Six-Inch Ordnance Maps. This
does not always mean that they cannot now be distinguished, —
though in the great majority of cases they have been destroyed.
Mrs. Cunnington reckons the number of Long Barrows which can ~
be now identified as 86, of which 72 exist still wholly or in part.
Deducting these from the total, 1854, we have 1768 as the number
of round or “oval” barrows mentioned in the List. This includes ~
a certain number of doubtful “mounds” and “pond barrows.”
Appendix, Long Barrows. In consequence of the large
amount of space occupied by the foregoing “ List,” this Appendix
is unavoidably held over to the next number of the Magazine.
C. H, Woodward, Printer and Pudstishipreixchange Buildings, Station Road, Devizes.
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4 WILTSHIRE
| Meeheological and Hatural Wrstory
MAGAZINE,
JUNE, 1914. Vou. XXXVIII.
Contents. PAGE
List or THE LonG Barrows oF WILTSHIRE: By Mrs. M. E.
Cunnington............ Si eae Ate cite tem aging Meee omar mapa is steonics 379
Tae Cuurcn or S. Jown tHe Baprisr anp S. HELEN,
Wroucaton: By C. E. Ponting, F.S.A. ............ cece eee eee eee eee 415
Sm Wii1iam SHarineron’s Work at Lacock, SUDELEY, AND
_ Dooptsy: By the Rev. W. G. Clark-Maxwell, FiS.A. ............ 426
THE SIXTIETH GENERAL MEETING AT DEVIZES... ..........0-..0c000: 435
Matmessury Apsey: By Harold Brakspear, F.S.A. .........0..... 458
REMAIN OD ESS UIPAUR Vere c oestrone oe scis meletecne ete rees ea cewek Gon Mauuee 498
Recent Wittsarre Booxs, PAMPHLETs, ARTICLES, &C. ......... .. 511
Books aND ARTICLES BY WILTSHIRE AUTHORS ... ..-c.cecceceeseesee 532
MMII ORT RATS cc. secies-. Sevote due walssdeswaqavycebtassegetaseraleins 535
BMRA UL GUSTRATIONS 0. oc) 2.20 2 ce sgecnnscdoesueneacnetnrsssecnseeresq OST
ADDITIONS TO MUSEUM AND LIBRARY ..ceecccccceceecsssesseesesseevences 540
“ACCOUNTS OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE YEAR 1913..........c..csevcceeees 543
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Figs. 1—6, Wroughton Church .............00c.0seecenees 418
Figs. 1—10, Lacock Abbey, Sudeley and Dudley
(Gaistlesteteascatacccasscsote meen cacte at ab eeeaNamnsaneeses 496
Folding Plan of Malmesbury Abbey and Precincts 458
Figs. 1—26, Malmesbury Abbey................s.000 w.... 458
DEVIZES :—C. H. Woopwarp, Excuance Buitpinas, Station Roap.
a
4
THE
WILTSHIRE MAGAZINE.
“ MULTORUM MANIBUS GRANDE LEVATUR ONUS. ’—Ouid.
:
JUNE, 1914.
LIST OF THE LONG BARROWS OF WILTSHIRE.
By Mrs. M. E. Cunnineron.
[Referred to in the previous List of Prehistoric Antiquities, pp. 158—378,
as “ Appendix, Long Barrows.”’]
This list of Wiltshire Long Barrows, includes all those known
to the writer, and it is hoped that it is fairly complete, but there
may bea few small ones that have escaped notice, It is not always
possible from the Ordnance Survey maps to decide whether a
barrow is round or long, and to visit all the barrows in Wiltshire
would be indeed a very great labour. All those included in this
list have been visited within the last year or two, and a note made
on their present condition. Many other barrows as to which it
was doubtful whether they should be included in the “Long”
arrow class, have also necessarily been seen, and none have been
neluded that do not appear to be genuinely of that class, and in
ases where there may still be a doubt that could only be dispelled
by excavation, mention has been made of the fact.
‘Sir R. Colt Hoare, in Ancient Wilts, (as in vol. L., p. 169, barrow
118), sometimes speaks of a barrow as a “long barrow ” referring
parently to its general shape only, when from the context it is
arly not one of this class, and these have not been included in
the list.
[t appears that there are 72 Long Barrows, or remnants of Long
trows, still in Wiltshire, and that 14 others have been destroyed
[| XXXVIII.—NO. CXXI. 2c
380 Inst of the Long Barrows of Wiltshire.
within the last hundred years or so.1. There were, therefore, at one
time at least 86 Long Barrows in Wiltshire. These are, or were, —
strictly within the present administrative boundary of the county,
but if we include the area within the county boundary, when
Hoare made his survey, we should add at least 5 more”
17 of the Long Barrows are known to have been opened by Dr. ~
Thurnam between the years 1855 and 1868; 19 by Hoare? and ~
Wm. Cunnington in the beginning of the 19th century (8 of these
re-opened by Dr. Thurnam are not included in the above 17); 4
have been opened by other excavators, and 32 have not been opened,
or if so, there is no record of it.
Out of the 40 opened, the results of which are more or less.
known, in 32 cases burials of one or more skeletons were found
near the larger end of the barrow, and in 5 of these the bones had
been burnt or partially burnt (Old Ditch and Kill Barrow at Tils-
head, Winterbourne Stoke No. 53, Bratton, and Knook); in 7 the |
primary burial does not seem to have been found, and in one case
(Lanhill) it was not at the larger end of the mound.
Dr. Thurnam’s list of 11 chambered barrows for the county re-
mains unaltered, except that it is very doubtful if the one referred
to by him as “Oldbury” should properly be included (see wnder
Cherhill). é
The outward characteristics of a “Long Barrow” are that itis |
wider than the ditches of round barrows) is found on both sides of .
the mound, but never running round the ends. Wherever this |
1This does not include 3 unidentifiable Long Barrows mentioned by
Stukeley in the neighbourhood of Avebury. é
2 These are Grans Barrow and Knap Barrow, only about a hundred yards |
apart, on Knowle Hill, one in the parish of Rockbourne, the other in Toyd
Farm and Allenford parish: Round Clump Barrow in Whitsbury ae ca
near Great Yews ; Giant’s Grave on Breamore Down close to the Maze, in
the parish of Breamore ; all nowin Hants. One now in Dorset in the parish
of Martin, close to opal north of Bokerly Dyke.
3 One of these was opened after the publication of Ancient Welts. See
under Nettleton.
By Mrs. M. E. Cunnington. 381
latter feature exists it may be taken as a sure sign that the mound
is a true Long Barrow; but unfortunately cultivation and other
causes, have often obliterated this most sure indication, so that in
some cases, where other evidence is lacking, there must remain
a doubt as to the true character of the mound, But in some cases,
especially in-the stone-built mounds, there seems never to have
been a ditch.
On the other hand, where the ditch is obviously continued round
the ends of the mound, there can be little doubt that the barrow is
only an oval, or multiple round one, and all mounds that have these
continuous ditches, but that otherwise look like “ Long” Barrows,
have been rejected from this list.
The barrows are listed alphabetically under the names of the
parishes in which they are situated. This method has some diffi-
culties, but it seems the only possible way to classify mounds that
are, as a rule, nameless, and have no distinctive features by which
they may be distinguished. Under each barrow references are
given to the original sources of information, but the details of the
: discoveries that have been made in them are lacking in many cases.
The following abbreviations have been used :—
O.M.=Ordnance Map; the number in every case is of the Wiltshire
Sheet of the 6in. scale.
A.W.=“‘ Ancient Wiltshire,” by Sir R. Colt Hoare.
Arch.=“ Archeologia.”
W.A.M.=Wilts Archeological Magazne ; the reference is to the volume,
not the number as published.
Smith=“ British and Roman Antiquities of North Wiltshire,” by the
Rev. A. C. Smith.
MS. Cat. This refers to a MS. Catalogue compiled by Dr. Thurnam
of the Thurnam Collection of Skulls, now at Cambridge. A large
number of these skulls came from Wiltshire barrows, and in several
cases the entries give information, or further details, in reference to
the discoveries in the barrows that are not included in Dr. Thurnam’s
published notes. I am indebted to the courtesy of Professor
Macalister and Dr. W. L. H. Duckworth for permission to consult
the catalogue, and to make extracts therefrom.
After the length of the barrow, its direction is stated, the larger end of
the mound being always put first; thus “S. and N.” means that
the larger end is to the south, and “‘N. and S. ” the reverse.
| {The numbers after the name of the parish are those in the previous “ List
Zin Cae
382 List of the Long Barrows of Wiltshire.
of Prehistoric Antiquities,” which are also marked on the set of 6 inch
maps in the Society’s Library.]
Alton Priors. 1. !“Adam’s Grave,” or “Old Adam,” on Walker’s Hill.
Length 130ft. (Merewether); S.E. and N.W. Chambered. Opened
by Thurnam in 1860. Near the east end there was a single chamber
built of large sarsen stones; it had been previously disturbed, and
he only found traces of human skeletons, and a finely worked leaf-
shaped arrowhead of flint. There seems to have been a containing
wall round the mound, of which remains were found near the eastern
end, built of upright sarsen stones set a little distance apart, with
the space between filled in with a dry walling of oolitic stones.”
This large and finely situated barrow has been a good deal disfigured
by the various excavations in it, and several of the large sarsens dis-
covered by Thurnam are partly exposed. The ditches on both sides
are still quite distinct, but that on the north has been somewhat
encroached upon by a chalk quarry. The damage in this direction
is, however, not likely to be continued, attention having been called
to it. The central ridge of the mound is still unusually sharp, a
feature commented on by Hoare. Proc. Arch. Inst. Salisbury, p. 98 ;
Smith p. 181, XII. H. viii. a; OO. 35, SW.; A.W. II. 12, 29; Arch.
XXXVill. 4101. ; xlii. 203, 280; WAM. xi. 45.
Amesbury. 14. On Normanton Down, No. 165 of Hoare’s “‘ Normanton
Group,” close to S. side of road from Stonehenge to Winterbourne
Stoke. Length 100ft.; S.S.E. by N.N.W. Opened by Hoare and
Cunnington, who failed to find interments, and later by Thurnam,who
found the primary burial of three skeletons, and some secondary
burials, but beyond the reference in the summary list in Arch. xlii. no
account of the discoveries seems to have been published’; in the J/S.
Cat. there are however, the following entries :—‘‘ No. 240. From the
small long barrow No. 165 of Hoare—this dolichocephalic skull was.
obtained in 1866 from the primary interment below a stratum of
black earth on the natural level. The marks of cleavage on this.
skull are very distinct. It is remarkable that there were no bones
of upper or lower maxille, or any teeth.”
240a. Ancient British. Part of calvarium, also with distinct marks
of old cleavage found with portions of a third skull, apparently that of
a child, close to No. 240. The upper and lower jaws found with it
indicate an age of about 15 years. ‘his sepulchral deposit was found
nearer the centre of the mound than is usual in Long Barrows, and
about 15ft. to the north of the opening made by Mr. Cunnington in
1808, and 20ft or more to the north of that made by myself in 1856.
1 Referred to by Thurnam as “ Walker Hill.”
2 The oolitic stone is foreign to this immediate locality. The same kind
of walling with oolitic stone was found at West Kennet. See wnder Avebury.
3 This barrow is referred to by Thurnam as ‘‘ Stonehenge No. 165” in the
list of barrows opened by himself, but is not included in his list of those
opened by Hoare and Cunnington. Arch, xlii. 180.
‘By Mrs. M. E. Cunnington. 3883
The impression made by the appearance of the deposit was that the
bodies had been dismembered and the skulls more or less shattered
and broken before their final interment in this place where they
were found.”
“241. Ancient British. From the same barrow, about a foot beneath
the surface and nearer to the S. end than Nos. 240 and 240a. No
other part of the skeleton, nor even a trace of jaws or teeth, was
found with the calvarium, which was of a dark earthy colour when
found. It is probably Ancient British of the dolichocephalic Stone
Age of Long Barrow type, and brought here after the partial com-
pletion of the tumulus.”
“242. Ancient British. From a secondary interment of a boy or girl,
12 or 15 years of age, 13ft. deep in the same barrow. The skeleton
was doubled up, with head to the south. There was no relic of art
with the skeleton, but 2ft. deeper another and also brachycephalic
skeleton, also doubled up. The skull was too imperfect to be pre-
served. There was likewise part of a tibia of Bos longzfrons, and an
entire skeleton of a goose, all these above the stratum of black earth.
Exhumed April 28th, 1866.”
Mound and ditches in very fair condition, but both are now beginning
to be attacked by rabbits. Turf. OJ. 54SW.; A.W.1. 206; Arch.
xlu. 180; WS. Cat. 240—2.
Amesbury. 42.1 Close to, and parallel with, the E. end of the “ Cursus,”
near Stonehenge, Leash 265ft. Cthnenam) S.and N. Opened by
Thurnam who regarded it as a true Long Barrow, but Hoare and
Stukeley seem both to have thought otherwise. Stukeley shows it
merely asa bank (Stonehenge Tab. II1.). Hoare spoke of it thus “ The
head (of the Cursus), which is towards the east, is marked by a mound
of earth, resembling a Long Barrow, which extends across the whole
Cursus.” The Cursus, Hoare regarded as the “‘ Race course of the
Britons,” and on the mound he suggests the “ spectators were seated,
and a more eligible post could not have been chosen.” Thurnam
never seems to have published any account of his discoveries in the
mound, and the only mention of it is that in the Summary List in
Arch. xlii., where it is stated that secondary burials, but no primary
one, were found.
| The following isan entry in the J/S. Cat. “ No. 234 :—Ancient British.
From a secondary interment in the Long Barrow at the east end of
the ‘ Cursus’ near Stonehenge. J see no reason to doubt this
mound being a true Long Barrow, though like some others it lies N.
and §., with the broadest end tothe S. There are still traces of the
ditch at each side. It measures 265ft. long, 55ft. to 70ft. broad, and
4ft. high. It is named by Sir R. C. Hoare as ‘a mound resembling
a Long Barrow.’ The skeleton from which this brachycephalic
calvarium was taken was lying within a foot of the present surface,
| ‘This isthe mound referred to by Thurnam as “ Stonehenge,” “ Cursus.”
| Arch. xlii. 180.
384 List of the Long Barrows of Wiltshire.
about 50ft. from the southern skirt of the barrow. It was in the
contracted posture, and close to it was the skeleton of an infant. The
femur measured 17in., the humerus 12in., though the bones of the
skull are very thick I think it female. The skull had been smashed,
probably by the plough. Though great labour was bestowed upon
it, the true primary interment was not found in the barrow. There ~
were portions however of the skeleton of an infant about 3ft. (deep)
and just over the dark stratum. About 23ft. (deep) were parts of —
the skeletons of at least three individuals of Bos longifrons, consist- —
ing of several entire carpi and tarsi, every bone, down to the —
sesamoids, being on situ ; and parts of a pelvis and of a skull of the
same animal. The arene part of these were presented by me to the
Museum of Anatomy, at Oxford. I retain one carpus and two tarsi,
the bones of which were perfect enough to be articulated. They had
evidently been cut off from the carcases with the hoofs and probably
the enteguments entire, and thrown on the incomplete funeral mound, ~
whilst the flesh was probably cooked and eaten on the occasion of a
feast and sacrifice. Exhumed by J.T. (John Thurnam) March 29 —
and April 6, 1866.” E
This mound and the whole of the eastern part of the Cursus, is now, as
it seems to have been in Thurnam’s time, under cultivation; the
mound is much lowered and scattered about, and no sign of the —
ditches referred to by Thurnam can now be seen’on the surface. —
O.M. 54SE.; Arch. xlii., 180, 182 ; A.W. I. 158; JLS. Cat. No. 239.
Amesbury. 59. N. of Amesbury-Andover Road, between New Barn
and the second milestone out of Amesbury. Length 125ft; S.S.E.
by N.N.W. No recorded opening. A fine barrow with ditches still —
traceable, but now under cultivation. There is a large round barrow
almost touching its fringe at the northern end. 0.1.55 SW. Not
shown by Hoare.
For two Long barrows, now destroyed, in Amesbury parish, see end FE *
this list.
Ansty. 1. On Whitesheet Hill, at junction of Donhead St. Andrew,
Ansty, and Berwick St. John parish boundaries, close to and N. of the
old Shaftesbury Road, K. of the 14th milestone to Salisbury. Length
132ft. N.E. by S.W. There is no recorded opening of this barrow,
but it appears to have been dug into near the centre. It is otherwise
in good condition, and stands on uncultivated ground, and the ditches
are well defined. O.J/.69,SE; A.W. I. Map of Fovant Station.
Avebury. 17. “ Longstone Barrow,” at Beckhampton, in a field north of
Beckhampton House, and S.W. of the Longstones. Length? N.E.
by S.W.! Much of the material of this once large barrow has been
taken away from time to time, and it is now only a large unshapely
heap, without any vestige of ditches. There is no record of its ever
having been systematically opened, but according to Dean Merewether
burials have been found in the course of its partial destruction. He
1 As shown by Hoare.
By Mrs. M. E. Cunnington. 385
mentions a fragment of a large urn and a piece of bronze knife
dagger tas having been found, these no doubt belonging to secondary
interments. O.Jf. 28 SW.; A.W. II. Map of Calne and Swindon
Station; Stukeley’s Abury, 46; Smith p. 100, VII. F. v. a; Proc.
Arch. Inst. Salisbury, 109 (Merewether).
Avebury. 22. West Kennet Long Barrow. Length according to Hoare
344ft., to Thurnam 335ft.; E. and W. Chambered. This barrow
was partially opened by Thurnam in 1859. He found one large
chamber formed of six upright sarsen stones, covered by three other
large sarsens; it measured 8ft. by 9ft., and 8ft. in clear height ; the
spaces between the large stones were filled in by a dry walling of
stones of a calcareous grit, the nearest quarries of which would be
about seven miles away near Calne. A similarly constructed gallery
about 15ft. in length, led from the chamber to the eastern edge of
the mound. Among the rubble with which the chamber was filled
were the remains of six skeletons, which seem to have been in a sit-
ting or crouching position; two of the skulls had been cleft before
burial, probably before death. Bones of various animals, numerous
flakes and worked flints, including one piece ground, several large
mullers of flint and sarsen, part of a bone pin, and a hand-made bead
of Kimmeridge shale were found. There was also a considerable
quantity of pottery all in fragments, “in three of the four angles
of the chamber there was a pile of such evidently deposited in a
fragmentary state, there being scarcely more than two or three
portions of the same vessel.” This pottery consists of fragments of
“drinking cup” type, and of other vessels of distinctive decoration,
possibly round-bottomed, and having a hollow moulding beneath the
rim.!
Thurnam thought the chamber had been previously disturbed, possibly
during the Roman period. The barrow seems to have had originally
a containing wall built of upright sarsens with the spaces between
filled in with a dry walling of oolitic stones. (For a similar walling
see “ Adam’s Grave,” under Alton Priors.)
As to its present condition the chamber and gallery appear to be ina
complete state of ruin, the stones lying about promiscuously. For
the rest, to quote Thurnam, “Tenants in the present century (the
19th) have stripped it of its verdant turf,’ cut a waggon-road through
its centre, and dug for flints and chalk rubble in its sides, by which
its form and proportions have been much injured.” O.Jf. 28 SW. ;
A.W. Il. 96; Arch. xxxviii. 405; xlii. 203, 211; Cr. Brit. Pl. 50;
W.A.M. x. 130; Smith p. 154, XI. G. vi. b.; Devizes Museum Cat.
II. 23.
: 1 See “The Development of Neolithic Pottery,” by Mr. R. A. Smith,
Arch. \xii, 340.
2 The result of this is the rank growth of weeds and grass that now cover
the mound.
386 List of the Long Barrows of Wiltshire.
Bishops Cannings. 44. “Kitchen Barrow,” on Kitchen Barrow Hill,
S. of Wansdyke. Length 107ft. ; width at broad end 64ft. ; N.E. and
S.W. Opened by Thurnam, who found skeletons at the N.E. end ;
they seem to have been previously disturbed, but no details —
are given. This barrow stands at the extreme end of an outstanding
spur of the down, overlooking the Vale of Pewsey. The mound is
very broad at one end, and tapers off very narrow at the other. The
ditches are quite distinct and untouched, but the mound is in a very
untidy and disturbed state; near the wide end there has been a
considerable excavation never filled in, and in it a large sarsen stone;
in addition to this hole much of the material of the mound has been
taken away. The Rev. A. C. Smith speaks of “much broken ground
all about, and many pits, as if of hut circles.” These, however,
appear more like old diggings, either for hard chalk or flint, than —
“hut circles,” and it seems probable that the material from the
barrow was carted away when this digging was going on. This
barrow is almost certainly the one referred to by Thurnam as
“Horton.” OU. 34 NE.; Arch. xlii. 180; Smith p. 114, VIII. E.
vill. h.
Bishops Cannings. 65. On Easton Down, N. of Wansdyke. Length
132ft.; E. and W. Opened by Thurnam. It had been previously ~
dug into, and Thurnam only found the scattered remains of four ~
individuals (two male adults, and two young persons) near the E, end
and a few chippings and fragments of sarsen stones. This barrow
stands on uncultivated down, and is a conspicuous object from the
road by Beckhampton. The mound has been rather disfigured by —
the diggings into it that have never been properly filled in ; the ditches —
are distinct. Some rubble seems to have been taken away from the
edge of the mound on the S. side. This barrow was referred to by
Thurnam as “Easton Hill.” O.0f. 34 NE.; A.W. Il. Map of
Marlborough Station; Arch. xlii. 180; W.A.d. vi. 323; Smth p:
112, VIII. E. vii. g.
For Long Barrow in Bishops Cannings parish, now destroyed, see end of
this list. :
Boyton. 1. “Corton Long Barrow,” on Barrow Hill. Length 216ft-
(Hoare); E.and W. Opened by Wm. Cunnington 1804; beneath a
large heap of flints, marl stones, etc., at the E. end eight skeletons
were found “lying in several directions, as though they had been
thrown on a heap without ceremony.” Seven were those of adults,
and one of a child from seven to eight years of age. A secondary
burnt burial in a cinerary urn had previously (1801) been found at
the W. end by the same explorer. The mound had been reduced in
size by the plough even in Hoare’s time, and since then it has been
reduced still more, and is now only 120ft. in length. Then, as now,
it appeared almost as two round barrows from earth having been
taken away from about the middle of the mound for agricultural
purposes. There are beech trees of considerable age growing on the
By Mrs. M. HE. Cunningion. 387
barrow, but the ground round it has been until recently under culti-
vation and there is no trace of the ditches. O.J/. 58 NW.; A.W.
I. 102; Arch. xv. 338 (Cunnington) ; xlii. 180.
Bratton. 1. In Bratton Camp. Length 230ft. (Thurnam); E. and W.
Opened by Wm. Cunnington, who found a secondary burial of three
skeletons near the top of the larger end, but failed to find the primary
one. Thurnam, who re-opened it in 1866, seems to have found the
primary burial on the floor of the barrow, consisting of “a heap of
imperfectly burnt, or rather charred, human bones, apparently those
of one or two adults.” !
This barrow is now a rather unshapely heap and much cut about; the
mound is not ploughed but it stands on cultivated ground and all
trace of the ditches is obliterated. O.M. 45, NW. ; A.W. 1.55; Arch.
xli. 180, 192; W.A.W. xiii. 341.
Brixton Deverill. 2. On Cold Kitchen Hill, W. of one ditch and N-
of another, and almost due N. of Kingston Deverill Church. Length
174ft.; S.S.E. and N.N.W. There seems to be norecord of this bar-
row ; probably unopened. A very fine barrow, in excellent condition,
with ditches well defined. There are several slight sinkings in the
mound, that may mark places of interment or openings. The mound
does not quite fill the space between the ditches at the northern end,
leaving a slight platform or berm on either side. For similar berms
see below, Brixton Deverill 7. O.U. 57 NE.; A.W. I. Map of
. Stourton Station.
Brixton Deverill. 7. S.E. of Brixton Deverill, and E. of Monkton
Deverill, on the down to the N.W. of Lower Pertwood Farm. Length
278ft.; nearly K.and W. There seem to be no records of this barrow ;
apparently unopened. A very fine barrow, in excellent condition,
with unusually well defined deep ditches, standing on unploughed
down in a rather remote situation. ‘The ditches are not straight, but
curve inwards towards the mound in the middle, and outwards
from the mound at both ends. There is also the rather unusual
feature of a distinct berm, or level platform, between the fringe of
the mound and the inner edges of the ditches. For similar berms
see Brixton Deverill 2 and Milston 39. O.Jf.57SE.; A.W. I. Map
of Stourton Station.
For Long Barrow in Brixton Deverill parish now destroyed see end of
this list.
Bulford. 1. “Longbarrow Clump,” on sloping ground, S. of Bulford
village, close to and S. of railway line. Length 133ft.; E. and W.
There seem to be no records of this barrow, and it is not shown
by Hoare. It is a high mound planted with trees, otherwise in
fairly good condition. The ground on which it stands is now down
to grass, but it was formerly ploughed right up to the edge of the
mound, and the ditches are obliterated. O.1/.54 SE.
~'In Gough’s Camden I. 146 it is said that “many human bones mixed
ith stag’s horns, fragments of urns, and pieces of iron weapons, and mill-
tones,” have been found “ under the mound.”
388 List of the Long Barrows of Wilishire.
Calne Without. 1. About 4+ of a mile W. of Cherhill Monument. —
Length? E. and W. The remains of a long-shaped mound, much
cut about at both ends by stone diggers; perhaps the remnant of a
Long Barrow; nothing seems to be known of its history. O.Jf. 27 SE.
For the barrow also near Cherhill Monument, referred to by Thurnam |
as “Oldbury,” see wnder Cherhill.
Cherhill. 1a. Just outside the ramparts of Oldbury Camp, W. of the
monument, on the Cherhill—Calne Without parish boundary. Length
60ft.(Wm. Cunnington!) ; E.and W. This barrow has been practically
destroyed by flint diggers, only a confused heapnowremaining. During
this digging in 1864 some human bones were found, and Wm.
Cunnington visited the spot and further examined the mound-
Three skeletons were found “lying with their heads towards the E.
in a large shallow grave surrounded by small blocks of sarsen
stone.”? A second grave was found empty, and in the mound
a worn mealing stone of sarsen (Devizes Museum Cat. Il. X. ~
96a) and charcoal. O.M. 27 SE.; Arch. xlii. 203, 218; Mem. —
Anthrop. Soc. I. 473; W.A.M. xiii. 103 (Cunnington); Smzth p. 50,
III. C. v. d.: MS. Cat. No. 198.
The barrow is not shown on the O.M. The site may be found ~
by prolonging the curve of the ditch of the outer rampart of the
camp to the point where it cuts the parish boundary, just N. of the
track. This barrow is referred to by Thurnam as “ Oldbury.” 4
Chippenham. 1. “Tanhill Barrow,” on Barrow Hill, sometimes called
“Hubba’s Low.” Length about 160ft. (Thurnam); E. and W. —
chambered. This large stone-built barrow has been long used more ~
or less asa quarry. In 1855 Thurnam made some excavations in it, —
and found two chambers with remains of skeletons, but they seem
to have been previously disturbed. In 1909 a chamber was acci- —
dentally discovered by men digging stone from the mound; it was —
built of six large slabs of stone, with the spaces between them filled
in with dry walling, and a corbelled roof of.similar stones. Lying in~
a confused heap within the chamber were the remains of not fewer
than eleven individuals. Steps have been taken to protect this
chamber, and it may be seen still intact.
Thurnam’s description, written in 1866, of this once fine barrow, applies
to it equally well to-day. “ At present the mound has the appearance
of several irregular hillocks, in part grown over with thorns and
briars, resembling somewhat the site of an old quarry.” O.Jf.19 SH;
1 To avoid confusion it is perhaps as well to explain that there are two
William Cunningtons referred to in this list. The elder and contemporary
of Sir R. Colt Hoare died in 1810, the younger, who was his grandson,
died in 1906.
2 Thurnam has included this among his list of chambered barrows, but
this account by Wm. Cunnington, who himself examined the mound, hardly
seems to justify its description as a “chambered” barrow.
By Mrs. M. EL. Cunnington. 389
A.W. II. 99; Arch. xlii. 203; W.A.W. iii. 67 (Thurnam 1856); xxxvi.
300, (1909). -
This barrow was described by Aubrey about the middle of the 17th
century in his manuscript “ Monumenta Britannica.”
Collingbourne Kingston. 21. On Fairmile Down. . Length 137ft. ;
E.and W. There is no recorded opening of this barrow, but it
appears to have been dug into in four separate places. The mound
is otherwise in good condition and stands on unploughed down land.
The ditches on either side are unusually deep and well defined.
O.M, 42, SE.; W.A.M. viii. 156 (et passim). Not shown by Hoare.
Donhead St. Mary. 4. S.W. of Wingreen, near the Dorset border,
N.W. of Abbot’s Copse, and S. of the Ridgeway. Length 132ft. ; N.E.
and $.W. There is no record of the opening of this barrow, but it
appears to have been dug into. The mound is in fair condition, and
does not appear to have been ploughed over although the ground
_ round it is under cultivation. Ditches indistinct. O.Jf. 74 N.W.
Not shown by Hoare.
For Long Barrow in Donhead St. Mary parish now destroyed see end of
| this list.
Downton. 2. “(Giant's Grave,” S.E. of Clearbury Rings. Length about
; 150ft.;5.and N. ‘This barrow does not appear to have been opened ;
! there is a slight sinking at the larger end, possibly over a cist. The
T mound is a‘fine one, in excellent condition, and apparently never
4 disturbed, although the ground round it has been cultivated. Ditches
indistinct as a result of cultivation. OJ. 71 SE. Not shown by
Hoare.
Durrington. 24. On Durrington Down, 8.8.W. of Knighton Long
Barrow, within a few feet, and N. of, the new military cross-road
from Lark Hill to the Devizes—Salisbury Road. Length 142ft. ;S.E.
and N.W. There is no record of any opening of this barrow. It is
planted with trees, and now stands in the middle of a military
camping ground, and is in a poor state of preservation. The ditch
on the northerly side is still discernible, but that on the other side
has been disfigured and obscured by sheds erected by the military.
0.M.54 SW. Not shown by Hoare.
Durrington. 63. E. of the road from Rushall to Amesbury, on Dur-
rington—Amesbury parish boundary. Length about 200ft. This is
shown on the O.J/. as three distinct mounds, but although of peculiar
shape and construction it was regarded by Hoare as a true Long
Barrow, and he describes it thus :—“ A very singular tumulus, ap-
pearing like three barrows rising from one large base, but certainly
a Long Barrow. It stands from south-west to north-east,! and has
its wide end towards the west; on the small end, and also on the
centre, are mounds resembling two circular barrows. We opened
1 Tt is shown on the 0.1/7, as due E. and W.
390 List of the Long Barrows of Wiltshire.
that on the small end, and found only a few ashes and charred wood;
but in the central mound we discovered near the top, a skeleton and
a drinking cup, both of which had been disturbed. On reaching the
floor of the Long Barrow, we found a circular cist like a little well,
but it contained no interment.” It seems clear that the primary in-
terment, if there is one, was not reached. The barrow is, and has
been for many years, under cultivation, and is much scattered and
levelled, but the irregular outline as described by Hoare is still clear -
no ditches are visible. OM. 54 SE.; A.W. 1. 170.
This appears to be the barrow referred to by Stukeley as “a long
barrow, which I suppose, the Archdruids’ who lived at Radfyn.”
Stonehenge, 38 Tab. xxv. This barrow is not included in Thurnam’s
list of those opened by Hoare and Cunnington. Arch. xlii. 180.
Edington. 7. ‘“Tinhead Barrow,” on Tinhead Hill. Length 220ft.;
N.E. and §.W. Opened by Thurnam, who states that “it had
evidently been rifled at some unknown period”; he only found
“traces of human remains in the usual situation at the east end,
with a fragment or two of rude black pottery.” It stands on ploughed ~
ground, and its E. end is ploughed over, but the greater part of the
mound is planted with trees. The ditches are obliterated, and —
material has been dug out of the mound in more than one place, —
many years ago, for large trees are now growing in the hollows.
OM. 45 NE.; A.W.1. 88; Arch. xlii. 180, 194—5.
Figheldean. 27. “Knighton Barrow,”! on Knighton Down. Length
182ft.; E. and W. There seems to be norecord of this barrow ever
having been opened, but it looks as if it had been dug into in more
than one place. Although not of great length this is a very fine —
barrow, and the most conspicuously situated of any in the county, —
being a landmark for many miles across the Plain in every direction. ©
The mound is of great height and the ditches unusually deep and
well defined. It has been much disfigured of late years by the
military, who have chosen the southern ditch as a convenient spot
in which to put a series of water tanks. O.U/. 54 NE.; 4.W. I.
175—6. .
Figheldean. 31. S. of Robin Hood Ball (clump of trees) and E. of
circular earthwork. Length 148ft. S.E. and N.W. Opened by
’ Thurnam Sept. 8th, 1864, who found the primary interment, consisting
of the bones of a single individual, not in their natural order, but
forming a pile, very little to the east of the centre of the mound.
He also found a secondary burial of a skeleton with a “ drinking cup.”?
The following account is from the U.S. Cat.:—‘‘The primary in-
terment consisted of a skeleton doubled up in the black earth at the
base of the barrow, within a space of not more than 12ft. square.
There was reason for thinking that the bones had been separated
1 Referred to by Stukeley as “ North Long Barrow.”
? This vessel is now in the British Museum.
By Mrs, M. E. Cunnington. 391
in part before interment, the head of one tibia being in apposition
with the malleolus of the other, though lying side by side. The
primary interment in this barrow (which is in sight of Stonehenge)
though lying towards the east, was much nearer the centre than
usual,' and was only found (after making four distinct excavations)
about 55ft. from the east end, the entire length being 150ft. The
skeleton was in the usual stratum of dry brown earth, the bones and
especially the skull being remarkable for their peculiarly eroded
character. Within 14ft. to the east of the skeleton was an oblong
hole or cist in the chalk rock, 2ft. 9in. (long?) and 1ft. deep, with
nothing in it but dry brown earth.” The secondary interment was
“about a foot below the surface, about 40ft. from the east end of the
same barrow ; the skeleton was in a moderately contracted posture,
with head to N.W. Near the hips a fine drinking cup of red ware
much broken, but since restored.”
The whole of the central part of this barrow has been carted away,
leaving practically only the fringe of the mound. This most regretable
destruction seems to have been perpetrated during the last four or
five years by the military on the Plain, apparently for the purpose of
making a shelter hut. O.J7.54 NW.; A.W. I. 176; Arch. xlii. 180,
184, 197,198; Bull. dela Soc. d’Anthrop. 2 S. ii. 357, 677, fig. Men.
Anthrop. Soc. iii.; MS. Cat. 233—4.
This is the barrow referred to by Thurnam as “ Figheldean.”
ittleton.2 5. On Weather Hill, S. of Everley and W of the old
Marlborough—Salisbury Road. Length about 150ft. N.E. and 8.W.
Opened by Thurnam, who does not seem to have published any
7 account of the excavations beyond that in the summary list in Arch.
xlii. The following entry, however, appears in the JZS. Cat. :—‘“‘ 255.
Ancient British. Part of a very dolichocephalic calvarium obtained
from the north broad end of a long barrow on Fittleton Down, near
Chidbury Camp, Oct. 6, 1866. The barrow had been previously
disturbed. There were indications of one skull only, and that ap-
parently a female. Remains of Bos Jongifrons and horns of Cervus
elephas ? scattered.”
The barrow stands on an uncultivated down in good condition with
well defined ditches. It shows where it has been dug into, no doubt
by Thurnam. This barrow is referred to by Thurnam as “ Fittleton.” 3
O.M. 48 NW.; A.W. I. Map of Everley Station ; Arch. xlii. 180;
MS. Cat. No. 255.
1 See Warminster 6.
2This is not the barrow opened by Wm. Cunnington in 1851, referred to
in W.A.M. xxviii.172. For that see below, List of barrows now destroyed,
under Fittleton.
* Hoare shows two Long Barrows lying near each other on Weather Hill
| but there is no trace of the second barrow to be found now, and only one
}is shown on the O.Jf, As the down does not appear to have been under
recent cultivation this was possibly an error of Hoare’s.
392 List of the Long Barrows of Wiltshire.
For Long Barrows in Fittleton parish now destroyed see end of this
list. : 4
Grafton. 5. On Wexcombe Down, to the N.E. of Jubilee Plantation. ~
Length 83ft. N.andS. In excellent condition, standing on unculti- —
vated down land, and apparently unopened ; the ditches are unusually
well defined and end abruptly at both ends of the mound in the
orthodox way. The mound is rather flat and broad, with one or two
depressions in it that may mark the place of interments—perhaps
secondary ones. It appears rather as an oval mound on the O.JZ,,
and does not seem to have been previously noticed as a “Long”
barrow. O.Jf.43 N.W. :
'
Heddington. 3. On King’s Play Down. Length 101ft.; N.H. and S.W. :
Opened 1907 and found to cover one crouched skeleton of typical —
“Long” barrow character. Turf, in good condition, with well-defined :
ditches. The skull, etc.; in Devizes Museum. 0.1/.34NW.; A.W.
II. Map of Calne and Swindon Stations; WA. xxxvi. 311; Smit
p. 62 IV. A vii. e¢. :
Heytesbury. 1. “Bowl’s Barrow,” on Salisbury Plain overlooking the — ‘
Wylye Valley. Length 150ft. (Cunnington, 1801); E.and W. Opened —
by Wm. Cunnington 1801; he found several secondary interments, ~
and “at the base of the Ibemuon was a floor of flints regularly laid,
and on it the remains of several human bodies deposited in no regula ¢:
order. It appeared therefore that they had been thrown promiscuously —
together, and a great pile of stones raised lengthways along the centre _
of the barrow overthem.” At this time fourteen skulls were counted. —
Later Wm. Cunnington made a second attempt both at the K. and
W. ends; at the former he found the heads and horns of seven or
more oxen and a large cist (or grave) close to the skeletons. Re-—
opened by Thurnam, 1864, who found the remains of the skeletons:
as left by Wm. Cunnington. He also found a secondary interment
of a skeleton “near the summit of the tumulus—probably of the
Anglo-Saxon period.” J/S. Cat. 214. Again opened 1885—6 by
Wm. and Henry Cunnington, who found some skeletons of the
primary interment hitherto undisturbed, in all six skulls.
This barrow has unfortunately suffered much disfigurement of late years.
A pond has been made close to the edge of the mound, obliterating the
ditch on the north side, and a large and unsightly iron tank has been
erected on the eastern end of the mound. It is much to be regretted
that this fine barrow should have been so defaced. O.J/. 52 NE.;
A.W.1. 87; Arch. xlii. 180; W.A.df. xxiii. 118; xxiv. 104 ; Natura
Review, 1865; IS. Cat. 210—214.
Heytesbury. 4. On Heytesbury North Field, E. of Scratchbury Camp,
and N.E. of Cotley Hill. Length 160ft.; S. and N. Opened in 1800
by Wm. Cunnington without success, and again later when, as well
as the usual stratum of black earth, he found near the south and
broad end “the remains of a great many human skeletons crossing
By Mrs. M. E, Cunnington. 393
each other in every direction, but the decayed state of the bones
prevented him from ascertaining the number of bodies.”
This mound has been much spread about as a result of cultivation, and
the ditches have been obliterated ; it is still under cultivation. This
is the barrow referred to by Thurnam as “ Heytesbury.”
O.M.52SW.; A.W.1.71; Arch. xlii. 180.
Kennet. 1. “East Kennet Long Barrow.” Length 344ft.;S.H.and N.W.
Included by Thurnam in his list of chambered barrows. Not opened.!
Planted with trees, no ditches visible, standing on ploughed ground.
O.M. 35 NW.; A.W. II. Map of Marlborough Station; Arch. xlii.
203; Smith p. 179, XII. H. vii.a; Proc. Arch, Inst. Salisbury 98 ;
Stukeley, Abury, 46.
For Kennet, West, see under Avebury.
Knook. 2. “Knook Barrow,” on Knook Down, E. of the “ British
Village.” Length 90ft. (Hoare) ; a recent measurement 100ft. ; nearly
N. and S. Opened by Wm. Cunnington 1801—2, when he found
under a heap of flint and marl stones, and on a pavement of flints, a
number of charred human and other animal bones, and charred wood;
the bones seemed to be those of seven or eight individuals. A
secondary burial of four headless skeletons was also found near the
centre of the mound, at a depth of about 18in, The barrow was re-
opened by Thurnam without further result. This barrow stands on
uncultivated down land and is in fair condition, but with some
rabbits in it; the ditches are distinct. 0.1.52 NE.; A.W. I. 83;
Arch. xiii. 180, 192; xv. 345. This is the barrow referred to by
Thurnam as “ Knook a.”
“Knook. 5. On Knook Down, N.E. of “Knook Barrow,” E. of Bowl’s
i Barrow, and N. of “Old Ditch.” Length 78ft; E.and W. Opened
? in 1801. Under the usual stratum of black earth three skeletons
were found near the E. end, and a little to the W. of these another
skeleton. This barrow stands on uncultivated down and is in fair
condition. Itis a small mound, flat, low, and broad; the ditches
are fairly well defined. O.1/.52 NE.; A.W.1. 86; Arch. xlii. 180.
Referred to by Thurnam as “‘ Knook b.”
“Knoyle, East. [1a.] N. of road from Willoughby Hedge to Amesbury,
about + mile E. of the 18th milestone. Length? S.E. and N.W.
No opening recorded. Now down to grass, but shows every sign of
having been formerly under the plough for many years. Much spread
about and levelled, and now very inconspicuous. Not marked on
the O.J., the oblong mound shown on the site being the remnant of
around barrow shown by Hoare, which has also suffered much under
the plough. O.M. 63, NE.; A.W. 1. Map of Stourton Station.
'Tt is stated by Wm. Long (W.A.J/. iv. 343, 1854) that “It was opened,
a few years ago, by the Rev. M. Connor, of East Kennet.” Nothing seems
to be known of this “opening,” and Dr. Thurnam speaks of it as “‘ only
attempted.” Arch. xlli. 203.
—E—EOO———
394 List of the Long Barrows of Wiltshire.
Laverstock. 3. “Hand Barrow,” about a mile N.E. of Old Sarum,
mile N. of Ford, on theS. side of the Portway. Length 148ft.; N.N.E.
and 8.8.W. Nothing known of any opening. It is shown on Hoare’s
maps as two round barrows, but he speaks of it as “a tumulus called
Hand Barrows, as if there were two mounds, but I am inclined to
think they originally formed one long barrow.” A.W. II. Roman
Aya, 46. There are now dwarfish trees growing on the mound, but
it is otherwise probably much in the same condition as when Hoare
saw it. The ground round it is ploughed up to the edge of the
mound, so that the ditches, if any, are entirely obliterated. A
quantity of material has been taken away from the central part of
the mound, giving somewhat the appearance of two distinct mounds,
as at Corton Long Barrow (see under Boyton), but it is nowhere
levelled down to the natural surface; material has also been taken
from the larger end, leaving a hollow. In spite of these dis-
figurements, however, the mound still has decidedly the appearance
of a “Long” barrow; it is considerably wider at one end than the
other and tapers off regularly almost to a point. OJ. 66 N.E.;
A.W. I. Station V., South, map only ; Il. Roman Ara 46.
Luckington. 1. “Giant’s Caves.” Length 123ft.!; E.and W. Cham-
bered. Apparently rifled at some unknown period and the cists or
chambers left uncovered. This barrow now appears as a mere untidy
shapeless heap in a grass field, covered with bushes ; there are several
large stones placed edgeways, half buried in the ground, that appear
to be the ruins of at least three chambers ; one of these, oblong in
shape, seems to be fairly complete except for any covering stones it
may have had. O.M.12NW.; A.W. II. 101—2 (quotes Aubrey and
Childrey); Arch. xii. 203.
Milston. 1. On Brigmerston (or Brigmilston) Field, S. of Silk Hill.
Length ?; N.E. and S.W. No recorded opening. Now down to
grass, but formerly much ploughed over and thrown about; ditches
obliterated. O.1/.55 NW.; A.W. 1. Map of Everley Station.
Milston. 22. On Brigmerston Down, E. of source of 9 mile river, and
W. of the big “Ditch.” Length about 100ft. ; S.E.and N.W. Does
not appear to have been opened. Turf, in fair condition, apparently
never ploughed. Ditch on S.W. side well defined, but on the other
side obscured by an old trackway. O.M. 55 NW. Not shown by
Hoare.
Milston. 31. On Milston Down, to the N.\W. of barrows 39, 40.
Length 106ft. S.S.E.and N.N.W. No record of opening. Perhaps
a doubtful “Long” barrow. It is a wide rather flat mound, some
66ft, in width, rather larger at the southern end ; it can hardly be
said that any ditch is distinguishable, but the fact that rabbits have
burrowed a good deal on both sides, and not at the ends, suggests
that there were side ditches only. It stands ina thin plantation, but
there are no trees growing actually on the barrow. O.J/. 55 NW.
1 Present measurement, but no doubt longer originally.
i eee
By Mrs, M. EL. Cunnington. 395
Milston. 39. On Milston Down, near the Hants border, close to, and
N. of new military road from Bulford to Tedworth. Length 173ft ;
E. and W. No recorded opening. Fine mound with well-defined
ditches. The ground round it, though now down to grass, was for-
merly under cultivation, but the barrow itself does not appear to
have been cultivated. It is now badly infested by rabbits that have
disfigured it a good deal. There is a distinct berm, or level space,
between the inner edges of the ditches and the fringe of the mound!
O.M. 55 NW.; A.W. I., Map of Everley Station ; Arch. xlii. 171.
Milston. 40. On Milston Down, close to the last. Length 87ft;
K,and W. No recorded opening. This smaller barrow lies parallel
with, and only 52 yards, measured trom the nearest edges of their
respective ditches, N. of the preceding one. Its ditches are quite
evident, but the whole barrow seems to have been under cultivation
for a short time; it is now down to grass. It has, like the last,
suffered much dilapidation from rabbits. It is unusual to find two
Long Barrows close together; these two are the closest on record.
O.M.55 NW.; Arch. xlii. 171. Not shown by Hoare.
Milton Lilbourne. 7.2 “Giant’s Grave,” on Kyfield Down, S. of the
village of Milton Lilbourne. Length 315ft. (Thurnam); E.N.E. and
W.S.W. Opened by Thurnam in 1865. “On the natural level, near the
east end, a heap of three or four skeletons was found, the only perfect
skull from which is of a remarkably long and narrow form. One of
the other skulls had been forcibly cleft before burial. The only
object found with the skeletons was a finely-worked leaf-shaped
arrowhead of flint, close to one of the skulls.”
Thurnam also says “A moderately wide trench runs along each side,
but is not continued round the ends of the barrow.” There is now
really no sign of a ditch on the S. side; on the N. side it is quite
evident, and very irregular in shape; there is also the very unusual
feature of a slight but distinct counterscarp on the outer edge of this
ditch.* 33
A very fine barrow and placed in a commanding situation overlooking
the Vale of Pewsey. In perfect preservation except for a large hole
at the E. end, no doubt not filled up after Thurnam’s excavation.
O.M. 42, NW.; A.W. I. 190; Arch. xlii. 180, 182, 194; Proc. Soc.
Antig. 28., III. 170; W.A.U. xi. 47; IS. Cat, 225.
Wetheravon. 6. On Netheravon Down, E. of Netheravon Bake, N.E.
of the clump of trees known as Robin Hood Ball. - Length 111ft. ;
S.S.E. and N.N.W. Opened by Thurnam, who does not seem to
have published any account of his discoveries beyond that in
the summary list in Arch. xlii. The following entry, however,
IThis is an unusual feature that occurs in only a few other of the Wiltshire
Long Barrows. See Brixton Deverill 2 and 7.
2 This barrow is referred to by Thurnam as “ Fyfield.”
3] have never noticed this feature in any other Long Barrow.
VOL, XXXVIII.—NO. CXXI. 2D
396 Inst of the Long Barrows of Wiltshire.
appears in the MS. Cat.:—“No. 236. Ancient British. From a
long barrow much degraded by the plough in the parish of Netheravon,
and about 4 a mile from the one in the parish of Figheldean. Ex-
cavated by Dr. Thurnam, Sept. 21,1865. Near the east end and about
a foot below the surface on the chalk rock were the broken scattered
bones of one or perhaps two skeletons from which I picked out the
fragments from which this calvarium has been restored, also the
lower jaw almost perfect. With these was the cleft fragment of a
second skull, and a portion of a small female jaw.”
The mound is now very low, flat, and broad, and the ditches indistinct.
It is turfed, and looks as if it had been down to grass for many years.
O.M. 54 N.W.; A.W.1. Map only, of Amesbury Station; Arch. xlii.
180; IS. Cat. 236.
Nettleton. 1. “Littleton Drew Barrow,”! or “Lugbury,” on the
Nettleton—Littleton Drew parish boundary. Length 185ft. (Hoare) ;
E.and W. A chambered, stone-built barrow, with two large upright
stones and a third large flat stone leaning up against them, near the
E. end of the mound. In 1821 Hoare? cut a trench 150ft. in length
down the mound to the west of the standing stones, and found a
burial of a single crouched skeleton on the floor of the barrow about
30ft. from them, with a small pointed flint implement. After this
the field came under cultivation, and in 1854 a stone cist or chamber
was brought to light by the plough, and subsequently Mr. Poulett
Scrope, the then owner, made a “complete examination” of the
mound, when three other chambers, all on the south side, were found.
In these there were nine, seven, and ten skeletons respectively, the
fourth chamber being empty.
The field is now down to grass, but the mound has been much spread —
about by cultivation, and the ditches are scarcely discernible. O.J/.
19 NW.; A.W. IL. 99, Roman Afra, 101—2; Arch. xlii. 200, 203,
209; W.A.M. ii. 164 (Thurnam); Cr. Brit. Pl. 24; Gent. Mag.
1822, xcii. 160 ; Hoare’s MS. (Devizes Museum), Pt. I. p. 160; ILS,
Cat. 56—65.
Norton Bavant. 13. On Norton Down. Length 180ft.: -E. and W.
Opened by Thurnam, and the following note is from his JZS. Cat. :
“The barrow chiefly of chalk rubble appears to have contained no
1 As Dr. Thurnam remarks both Aubrey and Sir R. C. Hoare connected
the barrow with Littleton Drew rather than with Nettleton, because they
hadian idea that the name “ Drew” had some Druidical connection.
2 Gir R. C. Hoare opened this barrow after his second volume of An. Weis
was published, and his account of the work is contained in a letter from him
to the Gentleman's Magazine for 1822, referred to above; practically the
whole of this letter is reprinted as an appendix to Poulett Scrope’s History
of Castle Combe (p. 891). The fullest account of the barrow and of its con-
tents is to be found in the paper by Thurnam in the Wrlts Arch. Mag., also
referred to above.
eS
wre h\ Pas
— -
By Mrs. M. LH. Cunnington. 397
secondary interments, which were extensively searched for. There
was no stratum of black earth, but under the eastern apex, on the
floor of the barrow, was a confused mass of skeletons spread over a
space about 8ft. long and 3f{t. broad. Above these the flints were
larger and more numerous, and mixed with an occasional small block
of sarsen stone and of the ‘ Warminster burr’ of the upper greensand.
The portions of skulls indicated at least 18 skeletons, though whether
they had been buried here entire seemed doubtful from the small
number of the long bones. Of the 18 I computed 8 of males, 5 of
females, and 5 children. So far as can be made out, all were decidedly
dolichocephalic, and 9 of the more perfect calvaria which have been
preserved (at Cambridge) have a cephalic index varying from ‘63 to
73, and averaging 68. The only other relics found with these human
remains consisted of a round battered nodule of flint weighing 32lbs.,
the greater part of a curious rude shallow vase of black pottery with
two handles. ‘The paste is mixed with particles of small fossil oyster
shells from the tertiary clay beds, it is thought of Hampshire.
There was also one large horn of red deer with the human remains.
The broken vase was in their midst, and had probably been deposited
entire, though no part of the base was found. The flint nodule lay
close to one of the skulls, nearly all of which present traces of having
been broken, some of them perhaps with this very nodule. One
skeleton lay rather apart from the others to the north, and the skull
of this is the most perfect of the series, and remarkable as presenting
no trace of having been cleft. The lower jaw is nearly perfect, the
upper too much decayed to be restored. LExcavated June 8th, 1866.”
This fine barrow stands on uncultivated down land; the ditches are
very well defined, and contrary to the usual rule are slightly longer
at both ends than the mound itself. The mound shows in several
places where it has been dug into. O.Jf.52 NW.;A.W.I. 67; Arch.
xii. 180, 182, 184, 194—5 ; Bull. de la Soc.d’ Anthrop. 2 S. ii. 357, 677,
jfig.; Mem. Anthrop. Soc. iii. 71; MS. Cat. 245—253. This is the
barrow referred to by Thurnam as “‘ Norton Bavant.
‘Norton Bavant. 14, On Middleton Down, N.E. of Middle Hill, and
N. of Scratchbury Camp. Length 84ft.; S.E.and N.W. No recorded
opening. It is planted with young trees and thickly covered with
undergrowth ; the ground: round it is under cultivation, and the
ditches have been obliterated. It has probably been shortened by
ploughing round it in former years. O0.J/.52 NW.; A.W. I. 67.
‘Preshute. 1.1 On Manton Down,S.W. of Rockley, and N.W. of Manton
House. Length 57ft.; S.E. and N.W. Chambered. The chamber
seems to have been uncovered, and probably rifled at some unknown
period. Hoare speaks of the barrow as “a small long barrow, covered
with heath and furze, having a fallen kistvaen at the east end. The
mound appears to have been set round with stones.” The Rey. A. C.
Smith also describes it as being so covered with heath and furze as
1 This barrow was referred to by Thurnam as “ Rockley.”
2D 2
398 List of the Long Barrows of Wiltshire. =
“to be not easily discovered.” ‘This growth has now disappeared,
the mound is grass-grown, and the partially-ruined chamber, or
“Iistvaen,” as Hoare calls it, is quite clear. Most, if not all, the
stones that once formed the chamber are still in sctu, but several
have fallen down. It was oblong in shape, with one large stone, that
still stands, forming its back, or westernmost wall ; the side walls
were formed by two stones, one on each side, and it was no doubt the
collapse inwards of the one on the northern side that let down the
large covering stone into the leaning position in which it now lies.
Immediately in front of the two stones forming the side walls, z.¢., to
the eastward of them, are two fallen stones, so much buried in the
ground, that it is not possible to see their size or shape; it seems not
improbable that these formed portals to the chamber. Of the stones
that once stood round the mound three, or perhaps four, may still be
seen lying partially buried. There is now what looks like a wide
crack in the covering stone, and the stone is actually in two pieces.
The Rev. A. C. Smith states that this stone was split by workmen
preparatory to breaking it up into building stone, but that fortunately
he arrived on the scene in time. to prevent further damage. O.J/.
28 NE.; A.W. II. 483; Arch. xlii. 203; Smith p. 198, xiv. K. iv. a;
Proc. Soc. Ant. 2nd §. II. 309.
Preshute. 3a. The Dolmen known as the “Devil’s Den,” in Clatford
Bottom. No recorded opening. This may be the chamber of a long
barrow, or an erection never intended to be wholly covered, such as”
the standing stones at Littleton Drew (see under Nettleton).
It was considered to be the remnant of a barrow by the Rev. W. GC. _
Lukis, and by Sir R. C. Hoare. The latter says of it: “From the |
elevated ground! on which this monument is placed, it is evident
that it was intended as a part annexed to the sepulchral mound, and |
erected probably at the east end of it, according to the usual custom
of primitive times.” It consists of a massive covering stone resting
on several uprights, which appear to have given somewhat under the ~
weight imposed upon them. There are also several other recumbent
sarsen stones which no doubt formed a part of the monument, what- |
ever its exact character may have been. O.1/.28 SE.; A.W.11. 43;
Smith p. 202—8, XV. K. v. a; Stukeley, Abury 49.
Shalbourne, 5. In Great Botley Copse, N. of Tidecombe. Length 170ft.;
S.andN. Norecorded opening. Now inawoodand thickly covered —
with undergrowth; there is a large circular cavity at the south end |
that may show where it has been dug into. O.Jf. 43; A.W. I. 187.
Shalbourne. [5a.] On Smay Down, E. of ‘“‘The Hassock” and W. of |
old chalk pit. Length about 162ft.; S.E. and N.W. It is said that
this barrow has been opened and that skeletons were found, but there |
is no record of the opening, and no particulars seem to be known. .
1 This must refer to the artificial rising (the remnant of the mound) for |
it lies in a combe or “ Bottom.”
By Mrs. M. E, Cunnington. 399
Now down to grass, but 1t was formerly under cultivation and has
been much levelled and flattened. Not on O.J/. 43 NW. or in 4.W.
Sherrington. 1.! Sherrington Barrow, about 4 mile E. of Sherrington
Church, and about 100 yards{south of the River Wylye. Length,
according to Hoare, 108ft., at present 86ft.; W.N.W. and E.S.E.
(Hoare). Opened by Wm. Cunnington in 1804,when several secondary
interments were found, but no primaryinterment. Re-opened by
Thurnam and the Rev. A. Fane in 1856 without further result. This
mound has suffered much injury in the last 100 years from cultivation
and other causes. It seems too high to have been ploughed over, but
ploughing round it has|much reduced its size. There is a large
crater-like hole at the east end, and the whole surface of the mound
is irregular, much cut about, and untidy looking; the field is now
down to grass; there is no sign of ditches. On the O./. it appears
as an almost circular mound, as now in fact itis. 0.17.58 NE;
A.W. I. 100 ; Arch. xv. (Cunnington, 1805); xlii. 180.
Sherrington. 4. On the Boyton—Sherrington parish boundary, S, of
Boyton Church, E. of Boyton Field Barn, on a conspicuous ridge of
down. Length 150ft.; E.and W. Norecorded opening. It isshown
on Hoare’s Map of Wylye Station (S. of the village of Boyton) as
opened, but there seems to be no mention of it in the text. It is
not included in Thurnam’s list of long barrows opened by Hoare and
Cunnington, and there is only an incidental mention of it in Wm.
Cunnington’s account of “ Barrows opened on the Manors of Corton,
Boyton, and Sherrington” (Arch. xv. 338) although a sketch of the
barrow is given on Pl. XVI. fig. 2. Only the fringe and a few feet
at the western end of the mound remain, but it must once have been
a very fine barrow, and very conspicuously situated. The mound
appears to have been wide and high for its length, the width at the
east end being now 64ft. It stands on cultivated ground with no
trace of the ditches above ground. Labourers on the spot stated
that the material of the mound had been taken away from time to
time to mend the adjacent trackway. O.M. 58 NE.; Arch. xv. 340,
Pi. VI. fig. 2; A.W. 1. Map of Wylye Station.
Stockton. 1. “Stockton Barrow,” N. of Stockton Works, S. of Sher-
rington Clump. Length about 120ft. ; nearly N. and 8S. Opened
by Hoare and Cunnington, who presumably found skeletons, as
Hoare only says “‘a long barrow, which we opened, and found similar
to those of the same class.” It stands on ploughed ground, but the
barrow itself does not appear to have been cultivated ; it is planted
with trees but otherwise in good condition, and the ditches are still
distinct. O.1£.58 SE.; A.W. 1.107; Arch, xlii. 180.
| Sutton Veny. 2. In grass field to the N.N.W. of the old Church of St.
Leonard. Hoare shows a “Long” barrow in this position. The
O.M. shows it as a large circular mound, and in its present condition
ee
1 This is the barrow referred to by Thurnam and Hoare as “ Sherrington.’
400 Inst of the Long Barrows of Wiltshire.
it has no resemblance to a “ Long” barrow, but in deference to Hoare,
who saw it in a more perfect condition, it must be regarded as one.
Itis of great size, and level on top, and now looks more like a “‘ motte”
mound than anything else. It is shown by Hoare as unopened, and
as lying S.and N. O.d/.52 SW.; A.W. I. Map of Wylye Station.
Tidcombe with Fosbury. 1. “Tidcombe Great Barrow,” about 4 mile
S. of Tidecombe. Length 195ft. ; according to Lukis 188ft.; S. and
N. Chambered. Opened by country people in search for treasure
about 1750 (Arch. viii. 91, note i.) who found a chamber at the E. end
built of large sarsen stones, and it is said, containing only one skeleton.
Opened again by the Rev. W. C. Lukis and Dr. Thurnam? without
apparently further result.
This once fine barrow has been much injured ; a large cutting has been
made through the mound from end to end, and never filled up;
several large sarsen stones (that once formed the chamber ?) are ex-
posed at the southern end. The ground is under cultivation up to
the fringe of the mound, and there is no sign of the ditches visible
on the surface. O.J/. 43 NW.; A.W. 187 (this is only an incidental
reference, and the barrow is not marked on the map of Everley
“Station,” but there are two round barrows shown in its place). ~
A.W. ii. Roman Afra, 69, and Map of Roman Road, p. 67; Arch.
vill. 91, note 1; xlii. 203, 229; W.A.dZ. viii. 155 (Lukis).
Tilshead. 1. “Kill Barrow,” on the Tilshead—Chitterne All Saints
parish boundary. Length 170ft.(Thurnam) ; S.E.and N.W. Opened
by Thurnam in 1865.! At one time Thurnam believed this not to be a
true “Long” barrow, but an oval one of the Bronze Age; but he
subsequently changed his opinion and compared its unusual features —
with those of the Long Barrow, Winterbourne Stoke 53 (Hoare’s ©
No.3). “Both . . . yielded deposits of burnt bones covered and
intermixed with a substance resembling mortar, many of the bones
being tinged of a green colour. At Kill Barrow it was clear that
several bodies had been burnt very imperfectly, some of the bones
being merely charred. Others were stained a brilliant-green and ~
blue, but chemical tests yielded no traces of copper. Under a pile
of a white friable substance like half-dried shelly mortar, were curious
masses of a sort of ossiferous breccia ; the burnt human bones, black,
white, blue, and green, being closely cemented by calcareous matter.
T am now convinced that both are Long barrows, and not Oval ones,
as I had supposed.” The J/S. Cat. gives some details that may not
be published elsewhere :—“ The primary interment consisted of piles
‘of burnt bones on the floor of the barrow at the east end. One of
these to the east of the other, would have about filled a peck; the
other, 6ft. or 7ft. nearer the middle of the barrow, was in much greater
quantity. These burnt bones were some of them curiously [mixed]
1 This barrow is not included among the list of those opened by Thurnam
Arch. xlii. 180.
by Mrs. M. E. Cunnington. 401
with burnt flints, sarsen chips, &c., into what I have called an ossi-
ferous breccia, and many were stained ofa beautifully vivid blue and
green colour. These burnt bones were unequally burnt, and many
merely charred were quite black. Above the bones the chalk rubble
of the barrow was curiously changed into a delicate friable cream-
coloured substance like burnt shells. I fancy this an imperfect lime,
formed probably from the burnt bones having been deposited whilst
hot. This substance was very abundant, and would probably have
filled a bushel.” Two secondary burials of skeletons were found also.
One was “ one foot deep,—stretched at length, with head to the north
(or N.N.W.)” The other skeleton was “in the same position, nearer
the eastern end.” It seems that the barrow was opened on two
separate occasions. The skull from the first-mentioned secondary
burial only, seems to have been sent to Cambridge.
The barrow is unploughed and in good condition, but no distinguish-
able ditch. O.M. 46 SW.; A.W. I. 89; Arch. xliii. 297, note ;
Proc. Soc. Ant., 28., II. 427; W.A.W. xi. 42; xiv. 259 (name); JZS.
Cat. 258.
“Tilshead. 2. “Old Ditch” Barrow. Length 377ft. (Hoare); 380ft.
(Thurnam); NE. and S.W. Opened, 1802, by Wm. Cunnington, who
made a section 85ft. long from the E. end, but failed to find the
primary burial ; he noticed the usual stratum of black sooty soil,
and found two secondary burnt burials near the surface of the
mound. He then cut a section at the W. end and found three
skeletons lying on a pavement of flints about 18in. above the floor
of the barrow. In 1865 it was re-opened by Thurnam who made a
large excavation near the E. end ; and only a few feet beyond where
Cunnington had left off in 1802, he found the primary interment.
The following account of the discovery is from the MS. Cat. “ No. 235.
Ancient British. From the great Long Barrow at Tilshead, near
Old Ditch, excavated by Thurnam, September 29th, 1865. This
(the primary interment) was found by us after great labour, and ata
depth of ten feet under the highest point of the tumulus close to its
eastern end. Here, at or below the base, was a pile of large flints
mixed with a stratum of black earth, and below these was a small
: skeleton well preserved, in the contracted position and with head to
the north. The skull was smashed, as I thought at first by the
weight of the flints, but from the peculiar character of a contused
cleft near the coronal border of the left parietal, it would appear, to
have been purposely cleaved before interment. Within a foot or
two of the skeleton to the east, under the pile of flints, and on a sort
of pavement of the same, were a heap of imperfectly burnt bones, in
larger pieces than is usual in round barrows. This very exceptional
deposit after cremation must have been made contemporaneously
with that of the body to which the entire skeleton belonged. The
burnt bones, which were unmixed with charcoal, were perhaps buried
whilst still hot, many of the flints around them being of a red or
{
402 List of the Long Barrows of Wiltshire.
blue colour and very brittle as if from the effect of heat. The only
relic with them was a rude and heavy opalescent flint ; whether the
apparently chipped edges were intentionally given to it may be
doubtful ; it is 24in. long, 13in. wide, and thick. Other extensive
excavations were made in the most likely situations without finding
anything except in one place the bones of a fox a few feet deep.”
This barrow, one of the finest and longest in the county, is in excellent.
condition. It lies on gently sloping ground, not at the top of a hill,
and in spite of its great size is not at all conspicuous. It has lately
been planted with a row of trees along its crest. As its name implies
it is close to the remarkable bank and ditch known as “ Old Ditch ”
that traverses the down for some miles to EK. and W. of the barrow ;
as noticed by Hoare “ Old Ditch” makes a decided curve when it
reaches the mound in order to avoid it.
The ditch of the barrow is very well defined on the north side, but not so
well on the south, for ‘‘ Old Ditch” passing the barrow on that side
has somewhat obscured it. 0.17.54. NW.; A.W I. 90; Arch. xlii.,
175, 180, 191, 192; W.A.M., xiii., 231; Bull. de la Soc. d’Anthrop.,
2 8., ii, 357, 676, fig.; Mem. Anthrop. Soc., iii., 65, Pl. i., fig. i. 5
MS. Cat. 235.
Tilshead. 4. “White Barrow.” Length 255ft. (Hoare); E. and W.
Opened by Hoare and Cunnington but without success, only a few
pieces of stag’s horns and the usual “line of black earth” being found.
This barrow, with 2% acres of land adjoining, is now the property of
the National Trust. Hoare speaks of it as having been “lately
covered with a plantation,” but this has long since disappeared, and
the whole barrow was for some time under cultivation. In spite of
this it may happily still be described as in good condition with well-
defined ditches ; it is now down to grass, and under its present
ownership will not be ploughed again. O.4.53NE.; A.W.1.91;
Arch. xiii. 180. >
Tilshead. 5. “Tilshead Lodge Barrow,” W. of Tilshead Lodge, N. of
the Tilshead—Chitterne Road. (This road is not shown on Hoare’s a
Map.) Length 173ft. (Hoare); E. and W. Opened by Hoare and
Cunnington; they found a secondary burial of a skeleton under the
turf near the KE. end, and noticed the usual stratum of black earthon
the floor of the barrow, but failed to find the primary burial. It
was re-opened by Thurnam, who found the primary burial of two
skeletons as well as secondary interments, but no details of the dis-
covery seem to have been published. a
The following is the entry in the WS. Cat. in reference to this barrow:
“No, 230. Ancient British, From Long Barrow near Tilshead
Lodge, exhumed by Dr. Thurnam, Sept. Ist, 1865. Fromaskeleton
in the contracted position at the base of the barrow, near the east
end, This and the skeleton from which skull 231 was taken no doubt
formed the primary interment. No. 231. Ancient British, From
the same barrow as No. 230, and from a skeleton forming part of the
By Mrs. M. E. Cunnington. 403
primary interment, and separated only from that by a space of about
one foot. Like it, its doubling up, or contraction, was excessive, the
skeleton occupying no more than 14 cubic feet. There was reason
to suppose from the appearance of the left side of the skull, and the
position of the long bones in regard to it, that this last had been
cleft at the time of death. With neither skeleton was there any relic,
but about a foot to the west of thejlast was a fine skull of Bos longzfrons.
At the base of the barrow near the west end was a second skull of
the same species of Bos somewhat less perfect than the last, though
with six or seven of the cervical vertebre im situ. A foot or so
above the first skull of Bos J. were several fine antlers of red deer,
and a metatarsal bone and phalanges of Bos J. Note. I (Dr.
Thurnam) retain the first skull of Bos J., the second has been pre-
sented to the Museum at Oxford, with the remains of Bos /. from
other long barrows.” No. 232. Anglo-Saxon. From a secondary
_ ___ interment about a foot below the turf near the centre of the same
barrow; the skeleton stretched at length, with the head to the west.
On the neck and upper part of the chest were the remains of a shield
consisting of the umbo, handle, and four studs, all of iron. Close to
the head were the decayed remains of a small situla, or bucket, of
wood, bound with thin hoops of brass.”
This barrow, though now down to grass, appears to have been under
cultivation for some time, and to have been considerably lowered in
consequence; the ditches, however, are still visible. O.Jf. 53 NW.;
, A.W. I. 91; Arch. xlii. 180, 182, 184, 196; Mem. Anthrop. Soc. iii.
67 ; WS. Cat. 230— 232.
‘Tilshead. 7. In Barrow Plantation, EH. of the village of Tilshead.
Length 210ft. (Thurnam). S.E.and N.W. Opened by Thurnam in
1863, who states it was then covered with trees of about twenty years’
erowth. “Excavating near the east end, a stratum of black earth
was found at the depth of about 5ft.; and in and below this a pile of
human bones closely packed within a space of less than 4ft.in diameter,
and about 18in. in depth. . They proved to be the remains of eight
skeletons, strangely cemented together, so closely as to.show that if
not interred after the decay or removal of the flesh, the bodies must
have been packed together as closely as possible in the sitting or
crouching posture. The lowest skeleton, covered by the others, and
most centrally placed, was that ofa woman. . . . Theskeletons were
those of three men, three women, and two infants, from one to two
years of age;. . . nearlyall(theskulls) had been extremely cleft,
apparently during life. . . . Theonly skill without greater or
less trace of violence is that referred to as the deepest and most
centrally placed.” Mem. Anthrop. Soc. I. 146.
This barrow, referred to by Thurnam as“ Tilshead East,” and described
by Hoare as a “fine Long barrow on a hill,” is now quite obscured
in a plantation and covered with thick undergrowth and trees ; rabbits
are also playing havoc with the mound; the ditches are still dis-
tinguishable. ‘There is said to be an artificial fox’s earth with drain
404 List of the Long Barrows of Wiltshire.
pipes under.the mound. 0.7. 46 SE.; A.W. 1.93; Arch. xlii. 180 ;
Mem. Anthrop. Soc. 1. 146; MS. Cat. 179—184.
Warminster.' 1. On the down N. of Arn Hill, and close to and E. of
Colloway Clump. Length 132ft.; S.W. and N.E. Opened by Wm.
Cunningtonin 1802. ‘“ Atthesouth end was a sarsen stone 5ft. high,
terminating almost in a point, and placed in an upright position.
Near it lay the bones of three skeletons, which appeared to have been
deposited on the south and south-east of the stone, with heads to-
wards the east. They were all placed on a rude pavement of marl,
and over them was thrown a pile of large loose stones. There are
probably other, and more ancient, interments in this tumulus” A.W.
I. 65.
Hoare speaks of the barrow as “recently planted,” and there are
now large beech trees, evidently of considerable age, growing on
it ; it stands on ploughed ground, and the ditches have disappeared,
but the mound itself, in spite of the trees and bushes, is stillin good
condition ; it is of a considerable height and width at the S. end. ~
but tapers very much, endingalmost in asharp ridge. O.J/.51 NE. ;
A.W. 1.65; Arch. xliii. 189.
Warminster.?. 6. By Oxendean, N. of Battlesbury Camp, W. of the ©
Imber—Warminster road. Length 106ft.; S.E. and N.W. Opened
by Cunnington and Hoare, who found “an interment of a skeleton
near the centre,’ in a cist cut in the native soil beneath the floor of
the barrow; and over it, near the surface, was a small cup of rude
British pottery.”* It was re-opened by Thurnam, who found the
remains of the skeleton but with no further result. This barrow is
on unploughed ground, in good condition, with ditches well defined,
especially onthe N.E. side. 0.12.52 NW.; A.W.1.66; Arch. xlii. 180.
Warminster.© 14. “King Barrow,” in the grounds of Bishopstrow —
House, on the boundary of Warminster and Bishopstrow parish.
Length 206ft. (Hoare); N. and S. Opened on two occasions by —
Hoare and Cunnington in the beginning of the 19th century. They —
found.secondary interments, but apparently failed to find the primary
one. Hoare states that a great deal of the mound was carted away —
in his time, and that the then occupier of the land intended to level —
the whole of it; Happily this was not done, and the mound now
measures in length the same as in Hoare’s time (206ft.), and is still
high and steep. It is planted with trees and bushes, a large cedar
tree standing on its northernend. 0.1.52 NW.; A.W.1.72; Arch.
xlii, 180.
1 Thurnam refers to this barrow as “‘ Arn Hill.”
2 Thurnam refers to this barrow as “‘ Warminster.”
3 Thurnam remarks that the burial-was nearer the E. end than this de-
scription implies.
4 Stourhead Catalogue. Number 202.
5 Thurnam refers to this barrow as “ Boreham.”
Wilsford. 3. (N. Wilts) ‘“ Ell Barrow,” on Black Heath, near the Wils-
ford—Charlton parish boundary. Length 170ft.; E.and W. Opened
by Thurnam, but it had been rifled before, and he only found the
remains of skeletons. No particulars are given. He also founda
secondary Saxon burial of a large male skeleton at full length, a foot
or so under the turf. The skull was cleft, but the wound was of a
different character from the breakages of skulls in primary burials
in “Long” barrows, and had apparently been inflicted by a sword.
(Arch. xiii. 196, note).
This conspicuously situated barrow stands on unploughed done and its
ditches are still quite distinct. It has been much trampled about in
the last few years by mounted soldiers, who seem to use it as a look-
out post. A flagstaff for flying the danger signal of the artillery
range has been planted in the mound. O.J/.46 NE; A.W. I. 175;
# Arch. xiii. 180, 196, note; JZS. Cat. 148 (the entry is that of the
secondary interment only).
Wilsford (S. Wilts). 13. On Normanton Down, S. of Stonehenge.
No. 151 of Hoare’s Normanton Group. Length 65ft.; S.W. and N.E.
There is no record of this barrow having been sasined), but it rather
; looks as if it might have been. It is a small, but judging by external
| appearances a true “ Long” barrow; the ditch on the S. side is quite
distinct and does not appear to be continued round the ends of the
mound ; on the other side it is not so clear, but as it is within a few
feet of a large disc-shaped barrow, the making of the latter may have
obscured the ditch of the former. O.J/.54 SW.; A.W. I. 201.
Wilsford. 30.1 On Normanton Down, S.W. of Stonehenge. No. 173
of Hoare’s Normanton group. Length 126ft.; E.and W. Opened
by Hoare and Cunnington, who made a section in the broad end and
found a secondary burial of a skeleton, and “on reaching the floor
of the barrow, four other skeletons strangely huddled together.”
This barrow lies on unploughed down, and is in good condition with
very fairly well-defined ditches. OJ. 60 NW.; A.W. I. 206; Arch.
xlii. 180.
Wilsford. 34. On Wilsford Down, S.W. of Stonehenge. No. 170 of
Hoare’s Normanton group. Length 117ft. ; N.E.andS.W. Opened by
Thurnam in 1865—6, who found at least five skeletons, all apparently
secondary burials ; but as no primary burial was found, he seems, in
the end, to have been a little doubtful as to whether the five burials
were all secondary or not. Unfortunately there seems to be no con-
secutive or published account of the discoveries in this barrow, and
the following notes are taken from the ILS. Catalogue. At the extreme
W. end of the barrow, at a depth of about 2ft., was found the skele-
ton of a boy, lying on its back, with head to the 8.S.W.; “with legs
doubled up, knees not drawn up.” A second skeleton was found,
near the summit of the barrow, also near the W. end, but to the B.
of the last; it was in a contracted position and without relics. A
By Mrs. M. BE. Cunnington. 405
;
{
i
bf
1 This is the barrow referred to by Thurnam as “ Normanton No. 173.”
406 Lust of the Long Barrows of Wiltshire. "7
third skeleton was fcund to the E. of the other two; it was that of a
girl, and was “doubled up with head to the N.N.W. and the hand
applied to the head.” A fourth skeleton was also near the summit
of the barrow, and E. of the other three ; it was contracted “with a —
fine British drinking cup near the hips.” The fifth skeleton was
“almost exactly at the centre of the barrow (but E. of the other four 2),
at a depth of 14ft.; it was doubled up, with head to the east, and
without relics.
In reference to the third burial, that of the girl’s skeleton, 'Thurnam
says “Just above this skeleton, and perhaps dropped when it was
interred, wasa piece of a finely-grained stone implement of micaceous
sandstone, like the altar stone of Stonehenge (a mile distant). This
was of the “finger biscuit” sort, and not perhaps intended for a whet-
stone.” This stone was examined later by Wm. Cunnington, F.G.S.,
who states ‘‘It is of fine micaceous sandstone, it is true, and so far
resembles the ‘altar’ stone at Stonehenge ; but it is of lighter colour,
and so does not ‘precisely agree’ with the altar stone. Itisanimple- —
ment, probably a whetstone.” W.A.M. xvi. 93, note. This stone is
now in the British Museum. Still in reference to the same burial Dr.
Thurnam adds “‘ The above skull considered as that of a secondary
British interment in a Long Barrow isin my experience exceptionally
dolichocephalic. I feel a doubt whether this barrow is not excep-
tional as to the place of deposit of the bodies, and whether some of —
these interments are not really of the Long Barrow—or Stone Period.
Certainly that with the fine drinking cup must be referred to the
Round Barrow Period—or that of bronze. . . . The eastern half —
of this barrow has been completely searched down to the floor, and ~
the primary interment not found. . . . Altogether sixteen holes ©
have been sunk into this barrow without certainly meeting with the ©
primary interment, the hope of which must be abandoned Oct. 20th,
1866.”
This barrow is in excellent preservation, and shows little sign of the
extensive excavations that have been made in it; the ditches are fairly
well defined on both sides. O.U. 60 NW.; A.W. I. 206; Arch. xlii.
196, 198; xliii. 425, note; W.A.J. xvi. 93, note; JZS. Cat. Nos.
228—9, 243, 256—7.
iv Sana 5
ea
Wilsford, 41. S.W. of Stonehenge. No. 1 of Hoare’s Lake Group.
Length 169ft.; S.E. and N.W. No recorded opening. It is now in
a plantation, but is otherwise in fair condition. O.U.63 NW.; A.W.
I. 209.
Winterbourne Monkton. 8. On Monkton Down. Length 80ft. ;
EK. and W. Opened by Dean Merewether but no burial found. Not
ploughed ; in good condition and apparently not touched since Dean
Merewether’s time; there are four sarsen stones still to be seen at
the western end; there is no sign of ditches. O.Jf. 28 NW.; Smith
p. 126, X. H. iii. b.; Proc. Arch. Inst. Salisbury 104 (barrow No. 26).
By Mrs. M. E. Cunnington. 407
“Winterbourne Stoke.’ 1. At the cross roads on the Winterbourne
Stoke—Wilsford parish boundary. No. 1 of Hoare’s Winterbourne
Stoke Group. Length 240ft. (Thurnam); N.E. and S.W. Opened
by Thurnam in 1863. Under the highest part of the mound he found,
either on or below the floor “the remains of the original interment,
viz., the skeleton of a man laid on its right side, with the knees drawn
up in a closely contracted posture, and the head to the 8.W. Close
to the right arm lay a natural bludgeon-shaped flint, about 8in. long,
well adapted for being grasped in the hand; from one end numerous
flakes have been knocked off.” A secondary burial of six crouched
skeletons was found, about 2ft. from the surface of the mound, and
with them an empty vase of very coarse British pottery and an oval
flint knife.
This barrow is down to grass and in a good state of preservation;
but it has been disfigured on the N.W. side, where a few years ago
they began to utilise the mound as a quarry for chalk.2? Of 54
SW.; 4.W. 1. 121; Arch. xlii. 180,194, 197; Mem. Anthrop. Soc. i.
140; ILS. Cat. Nos. 159, 162 (in reference to the skull of the primary
and three skulls of the secondary burial).*
Winterbourne Stoke. 53. On Winterbourne Stoke Down. Hoare’s
No.3. Length 104ft.; E.and W. Opened by Hoare and Cunnington.
They found a large pile of flints that had been “imbedded in a kind
of mortar made of the marly chalk dug near the spot” ; the flints
were “raised upon a floor, on which had been an intense fire, so as
to make it red like brick.” Under the flints were “several pieces of
burnt bones intermixed with the great masses of mortar, a circum.
stance extremely curious, and so novel, that we did not know how
to decide upon the original intent of this barrow.” Hoare expresses
some doubt as to whether they had found the primary interment.
This barrow is a rather shapeless mass, wide and flat ; the ditches
are ill defined. Hoare says “that it has been much mutilated, partly
by former antiquaries, and partly by cowherds or shepherds, who
had excavated the eastern end by making huts for shelter.” Of
548.W.; A.W. I. 117.
Compare Kill Barrow, wnder Tilshead. This barrow is not included
in Thurnam’s list of Long Barrows opened by Hoare and Cunnington.
Arch. xiii. 180.
Woodford. 2. S. of Druid’s Lodge, on the E. side of Devizes—Salisbury
Road, and about one-fifth of a mile 8. of 6th milestone from Salisbury.
Length 64ft.; S. and N. No recorded opening, but it looks as if it
had been dug into in more than one place. It is short and broad,
and lies on a steep slope on an uncultivated down; the ditches are
fairly distinct. On the O.Jf. it appears as an almost round barrow.
0.1.60 SW.; Arch. xlii. 178, note b. Not shown by Hoare.
———————————————————————— OOOO _______ $e
1 This is the barrow referred to by Thurnam as ‘‘ Winterbourne Stoke.”
2 About 1900, see W.A.1/. xxxii, 175.
$Thurnam speaks of one of these skulls as “‘ one of the most brachycephalic
British skulls yet described.”
408 List of the Long Barrows of Wiltshire.
LONG BARROWS NOW DESTROYED.
The following 14 Long Barrows, mentioned by Hoare and others,
or shown on the Station Maps in A.W., are known to have been :
destroyed, or cannot now be found, and are not marked on the
Ordnance Survey Maps :—
Amesbury. [10a.] Hoare’s No. 17, near to, and west of, Stonehenge.
Hoare refers to this “as a long barrow in which we made no discovery.”
It is practically ploughed out, and is not shown on the OIL. 54SW.;
A.W. I. 128 (17).
Amesbury, West. A chambered barrow. W.A.U. viii. 155. This is
perhaps the barrow shown by Hoare on the map of Amesbury North
Station, as between Amesbury Church and Vespasian’s Camp, E. of
the Church. It is not shown on the large map of the Environs of
Stonehenge.
Bishops Cannings. Included in Thurnam’s list of unchambered Long
Barrows, Arch. xlii, and he gives as reference to it Stukeley’s
“Abury” 45% There are several much ploughed down barrows in the
locality,{but the particular one cannot now be identified.
“There are likewise about Abury some pyriform barrows, longish, but
broad at one end; some composed of earth thrown into a tumulus.
Of this sort a very long one in the valley from Bekamton to Runway.”
Abury p. 45. This, no doubt, is the reference Thurnam had in mind.
Brixton Deverill. A barrow that seems to have been ploughed out is
thus referred to by Hoare :—“ Near Rodmead Penning we opened a
small long barrow, in which were the remains of several skeletons that
had been disturbed before.” A.W. I. 47. This would be on O.U/.
57 SE.
Bromham. 3. On the Map of Calneand Swindon Stations Hoare shows
a Long Barrow on the down, 8. of Heddington Church, and N. of
Oliver’s Camp. In its approximate position there is on the O.J/, a
barrow shown as round, but even this cannot now be found. The ~
ground is under cultivation and the barrow has no doubt been
ploughed out since the survey of 1884, but what the surveyors then
saw may have been a remnant of the Long Barrow seen by Hoare.
O.M. 34 NW. It is not shown by Smzth.
Donhead St. Mary. [4a.] Hoare shows an unopened Long Barrow
west of Wingreen, close to, and north of, the Ridgeway, and near the
western limit of the map of Hindon and Fovant Stations. No trace
of this could be found, nor is it shown on the O.//.
Fittleton.! 2? Wm. Cunnington, F.G.S., in 1851 partially opened a Long
Barrow which he describes as situated ‘‘ east of Combe, about 4 a mile
1Tn the Rev. E. H. Goddard’s “ List” this barrow is, by an oversight,
identified as Fittleton 5.
By Mrs. M. E. Cunnington. 409
from Beech’s Barn, and nearly south-west of Everley Church.” In
1894 he visited the neighbourhood again, and tried to find the barrow
but failed to do so. Jt had been much ploughed down even in 1851.
He describes it as undoubtedly a true Long Barrow about 118ft. in
length and 86ft. wide at the eastern and larger end. At this end,
under a large pile of flints were “a great quantity of human bones,
very much broken, and interred in complete confusion.” W.A.df.
XxXvili. 172; and MS. letter written in 1851.
Fittleton. [5a.] On Weather Hill, Map of Everley Station, west of the
old Marlborough—Salisbury Road, between the first and second
milestones, south of East Everley. Hoare here shows two Long
Barrows lying near each other, but there 1s now only one to be found.
See under Fittleton.
Imber. [4a.] 4.W. I, Map of Heytesbury Station. Near to and S$. of
4 Imber Church, shown as unopened. This ground is now under
cultivation, and the barrow seems to have been ploughed out.
‘Ogbourne St. Andrew. 19. At Temple Bottom, or Temple Farm,'
: is the site of a chambered Long Barrow, now entirely destroyed.
The ruined chamber was examined by the Rev. W. C. Lukis, and the
Rey. A. C. Smith in 1861. The former writes :—“ It is very certain
that originally the chamber was enclosed in a tumulus of earth and
stones, and that near the base of the mound was a circle of upright
stones . . . but whether it had a covered passage—or more than
one roofing slab cannot now be determined.” On the floor of the
chamber was found charcoal, burnt human bones, fragments of coarse
pottery, and apparently just outside the chamber, some unburnt
human bones, and a bone implement described as a chisel (now in
Devizes Museum). O.M/. 28 NE. (the site is shown); A.W. II. 42;
Proc. Soc. Ant. 2 8. iii., 213; Smth p. 195, XIV. K. ili. a.; Arch.
xiii. 203.
“Preshute. At “Old Chapel,” on Temple Down, N.E. of “Glory Ann.”
Stukeley and Hoare mention a Long Barrow now entirely disappeared
and the exact site unknown. See List of Antiquities by the Rev.
E. H. Goddard, wnder Preshute, Megalithic.
Pitton and Farley. [1a.] Hoare shows an unopened Long or Oval
| barrow on the E. side of the knoll that he calls “ Crow’s Rump,” N.
of Pitton and close to, and 8. of the Roman Road. On the O.J/, the
site is now called “ Picencilly Clump,” and no barrow is marked, nor
did a visit to the site discover any trace of it. The ground appears
to have been under cultivation and is now a thick plantation, and
the barrow has no doubt been levelled. O.J/.67, NW.; A.W. I. Map
of Salisbury Station.
Hoare also shows two round treks on the site W. of the Long one,
and although not shown on the O.J. traces of these are still
discernible in the wood on top of the knoll.
Se
fi Referred to by Thurnam as “Temple Farm.” The remains of the
chambered barrow at Rockley are only # of a mile to the south.
410 List of the Long Barrows of Wiltshire.
Winterbourne Monkton. [17a.] Millbarrow, or “King’s Mill Barrow.”
This large chambered barrow formerly stood in a field to the N. of
Windmill Hill, Avebury, but now all trace of it has disappeared. It
is said to have been 215ft. in length, set round with great stones, the
broad end to the E. Stukeley’s Abury 46; A.W.11.94; Proc. Arch.
Inst. Salisbury p. 93; W.A.M. iv. 3433 v. 188, note; Arch. xlii. 211,
218; Smith p. 84, VI. F. iii. f.
Thurnam dug on the site of the barrow in 1863 but without result.
The farmer who finally levelled it only found a few human teeth, a
jaw bone, and some horses’ teeth. Arch. xlii. 201, note d.
Winterbourne Monkton. [17b.] The “Shelving Stones,” now totally
destroyed, mentioned by Aubrey and Stukeley, were probably the
remains of a Long Barrow. Aubrey thus described them :—“ In
Monkton Fields is a long pitched stone seven foot and more: it —
leaneth eastward upon two stones. It is called Shelving Stone.”
Stukeley says :—‘‘ In Monkton Fields, directly north-east from Abury,
is a monument of four stones, which is probably a kistvaen. . .
I believe it was a sepulchral monument, set on a barrow, though ©
chiefly now ploughed up; and that the great covering stone is luxated.”
Hoare agreed with Stukeley, and writes:—‘“I perfectly agree with
this author in supposing it to have been a sepulchral monument set
on a barrow, such as those before mentioned in Clatford bottom, and
at Temple farm.” The fact recorded by Long that no trace of bones’
was found on the site is in no way convincing that the stones had
not once formed a part of a barrow ; no bones were found in digging ©
round the standing stones at Littleton Drew! (see Nettleton), though
they are indisputably part of a Long Barrow. Aubrey’s Monumenta
Britannica, (as quoted by Long and Smith); Stukeley’s Abury 49; ~
A.W. II. 94; W.A.M. iv. 343 (Long); Smith p. 83, VI. F. iii. e. =
Stukeley’s description of Long barrows round Abury is as follows :—
Abury, p. 45, “ There are likewise about Abury some pyriform barrows —
longish, but broad at one end ; some composed of earth thrown into
atumulus. Of this sorta very long one in the valley from Bekamton
to Runway Hill.” (This apparently is the one referred to by Thurnan’
as “Bishops Cannings.” See Barrows no longer in existence unde
that parish.)
“ Another set with stones among the furze bushes south of Silbury Hill,
which Farmer Green carried away.” (This refers to the stones oh
West Kennet Long Barrow, also called by Stukeley “South Long
Barrow.”)
p. 46. “Another such south of Silbury Hill.” (Another reference to
West Kennet ?) “‘ Another pyriform made only of earth underRunway
Hill.” (Another reference to “ Bishops Cannings” ?), ‘“ Another to —
the south-west from Bekamton cut thro with some later division
dyke.” (This cannot be identified.) ‘‘One very large at Hast
Kennet” (East Kennet Long Barrow, see wnder Kennet.) “ Another
1 W.A.M. iii, 169—70.
By Mrs. M. E. Cunnington. 411
not far off points to the Snake’s Head Temple, being at a right
angle to the former.” (This cannot be identified unless it be the
twin barrow Avebury 30a referred to below.) ‘ By Horslip Gap is
another considerable long barrow of a large bulk, length, and
height ; it regards the Snake Head temple though here not in sight.”
(This cannot be identified.)
“By Bekamton Cove another, a vast body of earth.” (This is the
Longstone Barrow ; see under Avebury.)
Stukeley then describes Milbarrow (see “ Barrows now Destroyed,”
under Winterbourne Monkton ; and “South Long Barrow” (West
Kennet), which latter he says is 180 cubits in length.
Again on p. 47 he describes a Long Barrow at Old Chapel, on Temple
Down, now destroyed (see wnder Preshute), and on p. 49 the Shelving
Stones, and the Devil’s Den.
Of the 11 barrows here mentioned by Stukeley only 4 remain, namely,
East and West Kennet, Longstone Cove, and the Devil’s Den; of
Milbarrow, “Old Chapel,” The Shelving Stones, and Bishops Cannings
we have some mention by other writers, but of the other three there
seems to be no record except that of Stukeley himself.
The following 5 barrows, thought by Hoare and others to have been
true “Long” Barrows, have now been proved not to be so.
Avebury. 30a. On the Map of Calneand Swindon Station Hoare shows
an unopened Long Barrow E. of Avebury Temple, and W. of the
Ridgeway ; it is also shown on the 0..28SW. This is really a
twin barrow enclosed within one ditch, and was opened without
success by Dean Merewether in 1849. Proc. Arch. Inst. Salisb. p. 91.
Smith, p. 148, XI. H. v. f. g.
Brixton Deverill. 1. Between Bidcombeand Cold Kitchen Hill, Hoare
shows as opened a long barrow close to and S. of three small round
ones. Thisis shown on 0... 57 N.W., as on Whitecliff Down, east
of a rectangular earthwork, and south of Woodcombe Wood. The
mound was opened by Wm. Cunnington in 1803, when he “found
pieces of an urn, burnt bones, and a pin or bodkin, mixed indiscrimi-
nately with the soil,’ p. 40. It was re-opened by Mr. Wm. Stratton,
of Kingston Deverill, in 1893, and again in 1893, with the assistance
of the Rev. EK. H. Goddard. A considerable quantity of pottery and
other relics, chiefly of Romano-British date, were found, and parts of
two skeletons near the surface of the mound, but nothing to identify
it as a Long Barrow. It stands, indeed, on the site of an ancient
settlement, and the mound seems to consist largely of rubbish from
the settlement. O.0.57NW.; A.W.1. 40; W.A.W. xxvii. 379.
} Roundway. 5. In A.W. II., Map of Calne and Swindon Station, Hoare
shows a Long Barrow N.of Roundway Hill, and E. of Oliver’s Camp.
This is really a double barrow and was opened by Wm. Cunnington,
F.G.S., in 1858. O.1f. 34 NW.; W.A.. vi. 162 (No. 6).
} VOL, XXXV1II.—NO. CXXI. 228
412 List of the Long Barrows of Wiltshire. |
Wilcot. 3. On Draycot Hill, above Huish, south of Gopher or (Goffer)
Wood. This barrow, described by Hoare as a Long Barrow, was.
opened by Thurnam in 1863, when “two simple deposits of burnt.
bones were found in cists in the chalk rock,” proving that it is an
oval barrow of the Bronze Age. O.4f.35 NE.; A.W.11.11; W.A.JL.
xi. 42 (Thurnam); Smith p. 211, XVI. K. VIII. d.; Arch. xiii. 296,
note c. .
Winterbourne Stoke. 35. At W. end of the Little Cursus. Hoare’s.
No. 49. Described by Hoare as a Long Barrow, and opened by
Thurnam in 1864, when he proved it to be an oval barrow of the Early
Bronze Age. Near the E. end he found a crouched skeleton with a
“drinking cup,” the skull being decidedly brachycephalic ; near the
W. end was another crouched skeleton, that of a tall man, with
four very beautiful leaf-shaped “ javelin” heads of flint. No other
burial was found, but near the centre of the mound a “cup” of coarse
thick pottery. O.Jf.54SW.; A.W. 1.165; W.A.J/. xi. 40; xvi. 201,
note; Proc. Soc. Ant. 28. ii. 427.
The ditch was continued round the ends of the mound.
26 | So See el eee
-2) Oo 5 a Be || SO |) 2S S w
bee BS1ss| 5s] € |eslau] 2] 2 z
Tabulated list of the | -“/¢5/ a | > |=o/25| 4] 2 S
as be B a a2 as 2 3 g
Wiltshire Long Barrows.| £3/=23| 3/2 !23|25/ 8 | 8 3
go/5°| §| 8 |Sm1— | a | & :
§& fo) ° gs o a 7 5
‘3 Ay
1 Alton Priors... abel J 1 S.E.
2 Amesbury(Normanton165)| 14] 1 it i} i S.S.E.
3 Amesbury (Cursus) ww. | 42 1 1 S.
4 Amesbury eae s-|| BX) 1 | S.S.E.
5 Ansty He carl we 1 | N.E.
6 Avebury (Longstone) ... | 17 1 N.E.
7 Avebury (West Kennet)... | 22 1 1 E.
8 Bishops Cannings(Kitchen)| 44 1 1 N.E.
9 Bishops Cannings (Easton)| 65 1 1 E.
10 Boyton (Corton Barrow) iL |) 1 1 E.
11 Bratton ws feet al aie! Lerieel 1D
12 Brixton Deverill 2 1 | S.S.EL
13 Brixton Deverill 7 1 E.
14 Bulford ane! Pyle 1 E.
15 Calne Without... oy eal 1 E.
16 Cherhill me ee lel 1 1 E.
17 Chippenham (Lanhill)’... | 1 1 E.
18 Collingbourne Kingston 21 1 E.
19 Donhead St. Mary 4 1 | N.E-
20 Downton ie fee 1 S.
21 Durrington ... ace |) 24! 1 S.E.
22 Durrington... we) 63) 2 1 q
23 Edington (Tinhead) ... | 7 1 1 N .E.
24 Figheldean (Knighton) ... | 27 1| SE.
25 Figheldean ... sso |) Ball 1 1 S.E.
26 Fittleton G07 re 5 1 1 N.E.
27 Grafton age Seaalen® 1 N.
28 Heddington ... Pala 1 1 N.E.
1 Burials found, but not at broad end.
By Mrs. M. EB. Cunnington, 413
No. in Rev. E. H
Goddard’s List:
Opened by Hoare and
Cunnington.
Opened by Thurnam.
Opened by others.
Re-opened by Thurnam
after Hoare & Cunnington,
Primary Burial found at
broad end.
Primary Burial not found,
No recorded opening.
—
29 Heytesbury (Bowl’s) ...
30 Heytesbury (N. Field) ...
31 Kennet, East ... ast
32 Knook AH
33 Knook ah
34 Knoyle, East ...
35 Laverstock
36 Luckington
37 Milston a ss
38 Milston aa cog ||| O22
39 Milston ae coo || Bl
40 Milston ano | OD
41 Milston ate 40
42 Milton Lilbourne 7
43 Netheravon 6
44 Nettleton 1
45 Norton Bavant... 13
46 Norton Bavant... 14
47 Preshute(Rockley) ... | 1
48 Preshute (Devil’s Den)... | 3a
49 Shalbourne seh
60 Shalbourne .... Aa6 ba
4
1
2
1
1
2
4
5
7
1
6
14
by A Ey 2} Orientation of broad end.
MAA
ealeohy
eofehe Aes] AZ
i
M
ne
a
—
i
fet et pm pet et
RD MN
ne
=
2
=
=
—
Tao A A
51 Sherrington
52 Sherrington
53 Stockton
54 Sutton Veney ...
65 Tidcombe ane a
: 56 Tilshead (Kill Barrow) ...
57 Tilshead (Old Ditch)
58 Tilshead (White Barrow)
59 Tilshead (Lodge) ‘f
60 Tilshead (Plantation)
61 Warminster (Arn Hill) ...
62 Warminster (by Oxendean)
63 Warminster (King Barrow)
64 Wilsford (Ell Barrow) ...
65 Wilsford (Normanton 151) | 13
66 Wilsford (Normanton 173)| 30 | 1 1
67 Wilsford (Normanton 170)| 34 |
68 Wilsford (Lake) Nee
69 Winterbourne Monkton... | 1 1 I
70 Winterbourne Stoke ...| 1 1
71 Winterb. Stoke (Hoare’s 3)| 53 | 1 1
72 Woodford aay Peele) 1
19 (17 4 8 32 7 32
—
—_
|
=
1
MAN
=
=
—
ay (CPN) IOP et eaeel Zn
Da oli eeralop= lo staal)
to CU NOT ities
a
—
—
= — y=
—
Hien a
Pa At
=
—
=
=
2b 2
Al4 List of the Long Barrows of Wiltshire.
Out of these 72 barrows, the larger end of the mound is towards the
E. in 24 cases; between S. and E. in 18; between N. and E. in 13;
between S. and W. in 2; to the S. in 7; to the N. in 4; none to the
W.; and to the W.N.W. only 1 (Sherrington, according to Hoare, but
the mound is too much dilapidated to verify now); in 3 cases it is
uncertain. It is clear, therefore, that there was a very decided
preference for placing the larger end of the barrow towards the EF,
and an even more decided dislike for having it towards the W. The
broad end of the peculiar barrow, Durrington 638, is, as stated by
Hoare, towards the W., but the character of the mound is doubtful,
and it seems in any case to have been much disturbed by secondary
burials. It cannot, therefore, be regarded as a certain exception to —
the otherwise invariable rule of avoidance of orientating the broad
end to the west.
415
THE CHURCH OF S. JOHN THE BAPTIST AND S. HELEN,
WROUGHTON.
By C. E. Pontine, F.S.A.
I have been asked to write a few notes on this Church to ac-
company Mrs. Story Maskelyne’s interesting Notes on the History
of the Parish in Wilts Arch. Mag., xxxvii,, 400, and I am indebted
to her for much information.
_ The plan of the Church consists of a chancel with, on the north
side, a chapel formed by the continuation of the N. aisle and east-
ward of this a sacristy; nave, with N. and S. aisles; S. porch and
western tower. Although much alteration has taken place from
time to time there has been no post-Reformation extension of the
plan.
_ Aubrey’s impressions of the Church are very briefly recorded :—
“The old windowes in the Church are all spoiled.” +
This impression appears to have been formed with a very im-
perfect knowledge of what had been done, and from a view
of the south side when standing against the south porch, where
he could see nothing but two debased windows of the aisle,?
for all the other windows of the Church are pre-Reformation work.
Probably there had been little alteration in the fabric of the Church
from the time when Aubrey saw it, cir. 1660—70, down to 1835,
when a very careful wooden model of it was made which is now
lin the possession of Mr. Thomas Codrington, Of this model, in-
‘terior and exterior views are here given, and it will be seen that
if is of extraordinary interest (Figs. I. & II.). Its comparative
accuracy is proved by a callotype photograph of the south side of
j the Church, which I have been allowed to see, taken in 1846 by
1 Wiltshire Collections, p. 368.
2 There are still to be found people who ought to know better, and who are
/ ready to condemn without taking the trouble to make themselves acquainted
with facts.
|
416 The Church of S. John the Baptist and S. Helen, Wroughton,
the late Mr. N. Story Maskelyne, before the Church was restored
(although in the year in which this took place), showing the same
late windows of the aisle. I shall have occasion to refer again to
the evidences of both model and photograph.
On the early history of the Church I quote a note supplied to —
me by Mrs. Story Maskelyne :-—
“Though we know of the existence of a Church at Ellendune in
956 A.D. and of the Pension paid from Elyndon Church to the
Alien Monastery of Ivry in 1127, also that the Prior and Brethren
of Winchester were called upon by the Pope to “administer the
Church” in 1243, it is not till the year 1304 that we find Elyndon
mentioned as in the diocese of Sarum, in Sir Thomas Phillipps’ Wilts
Institutions. The Registry having been commenced only seven
years before this entry may account for this late date. In every
entry the Patron of the Rectory is given as the Bishop of Winchester
—the Rector appointing the Vicars.
“The name Wroughton first appears as that of the Church in
1490; after that date it is generally Elyndon alias Wroughton.
“The Church is dedicated to St. John the Baptist and St. Helen.
The village feast being held on Old St. John Baptist day (7c. Old
Midsummer-Day) shows that the dedication to St. John the Baptish
is probably the older of the two dedications,”
Although there are no features of Norman work in situ, we have
the evidence of the model showing that, up to 1846 there were in
the north wall of the nave three simple semi-cireular arched
openings of one order, with a small roll mould on the edge of jambs
and arches, and wide responds and dividing piers of plain walling.
The arches are without base or abacus, yet have the appearance of
Norman work, and they may have been (as at Avebury) inserted
in a still earlier wall. The late Mr. Nevil Story Maskelyne re-
membered seeing the arches and told his wife “that they were of
Norman date and that they were low, and shut off a great deal of
light.”
Then the doorways in the south and north walls of the nave
aisles are undoubtedly the work of about the middle of the
12th century. The south doorway, which is the more important,
| By @. E, Ponting, F.S.A. i 417
has attached wall shafts; the capitals are carved with simple foliage
. and have a square abacus; the bases are modern. The arch, which
is practically semicircular, had a square inner order formed by the
“continuation of the jambs, but the edge has been worked off to a
small chamfer ata later period. The outer order of the arch has
a roll mould on the angle and the chevron on the soffit; above is
a moulded label with the nail-head ornament much varied in design
and size. A small pellet ornament occurs on the abacus of the
east capital, while the other is simply moulded. The label ter-
‘tmninals, stopping clear of the latter, consist of heads in which the
Malmesbury influence is strongly marked; the one on the east
has a long upper jaw cut through underneath to form the mouth,
and two fangs; the other is smaller and the mouth closed and less
_ pronounced.
There are distinet evidences of this doorway having been removed
from its original position and rebuilt here, and it would seem that
the opening was originally somewhat wider, for the stones of the
uter ring have been reduced and in one place near the centre the
jail-head has been cut through, while there is the suspicion of a
point in the centre of the arch.
_ The wall shafts of the north doorway have their original bases
“and cushion capitals with moulded abacus, the original outer order
of the arch has a large roll mould and a small hollow. The doorway
{excepting the inner order of the arch, which is 15th century
: work) is probably coeval with that on the south. In the 15th
“genbury rebuilding the voussoirs of the arch were reduced and the
arch converted into a pointed one; the small stones at the apex
show how it was patched to assume this form.
_ There is no trace of the Lancet period, but the 14th century saw
eonsiderable rebuilding. First we must place the rebuilding of
the south aisle, which then apparently did not extend westward
for the full length of the nave, for only the eastern two bays of
the arcade are of this period—probably about 1320. The arches
of these two bays are acutely pointed, and are constructed of two
orders of chamfers stopping against a drum above the springing.
There is no label. The central pillar is octagonal and has moulded
Capital and base ; the responds are halves of this.
ss
418 The Church of S. John the Baptist and S. Helen, Wroughton.
The only part of the aisle remaining as then rebuilt is the east
wall with its window, chamfered plinth, and—apparently—the
buttress (for the plinth is carried round it and one stone shows.
its continuation on the south), although if this be so it is an un-
usually early example of one placed diagonally; the coping has
undergone alteration. The window in this end is a pointed one
of three lights of strictly Geometrical type; the jambs and arch
are enriched with the sunk chamfer on the outside, curiously
stopped above the sill, in addition to the second chamfer and the
roll which are carried up the mullions and around the main lines
of the tracery, inside and outside. The label mould is small and
has the original terminal, a woman’s head on the north and a
(modern) man’s head on the south. The inside jambs are cham-
fered and have bold stops above the sill.
Whatever the previous chancel was like it was swept away and
the beautiful one now existing, together with the sacristy on the
north, was built anew soon after the aisle. The east walls of both §
are in a line; at the N.E. angle of the sacristy and the S.E. of the —
chancel are diagonal buttresses of two set-offs, and a similar one |
standing square divides the two. The east window of the chancel |
is a fine one of five lights, with well-moulded pointed arch, the —
outer moulding carried around the jambs and arch,in addition to two ~
orders of mouldings also coming inside and outside on the tracery, |
which, as in all the windows here, is late Geometrical in type. In
the south wall are three two-light pointed windows similarly
moulded. The westernmost of these windows is carried some 3ft. |
lower at the sill; under the central window is a priest’s door, with }
mouldings and label like the window. A similar window to the 9
above, which evidently existed in the north wall, was removed to |
the wall of the chapel when the latter was erected, and the east |
window of the sacristy is of the same type, but smaller. All the |
windows have small external label moulds, the knees having the”
moulding turned into the wall face by a curve. The plinth and
base mould are carried around chancel and sacristy, and twice |
stepped down at the east end of the sacristy to follow the rapid —
slope of the ground. (These features are not given in the model, |
Fic. 1. Wroughton Church, Model of Interior, 1835.
“SE8I “opis
‘roughton Church, S. Aisle, 1913.
‘C16 BUIOSIG pues BITIpPeg “YyoinyoD UOIGSNOI AA ‘Gg “SI
SRI ASE cE alec
Fic. 6. Wroughton Church, Reredos in S. Aisle, 1913.
By C. E. Ponting, F.S.A. 419
which has a common plinth carried all round level.) The sacristy
has a lean-to roof of flat pitch and retains the original parapet
' with moulded cornice and saddle-back coping on the three sides,
the cornice stopped by a good head on the east. The parapet on
the chancel has been altered; the cornice along the south is of a
different and richer section, and the parapet is brought forward to
the outer edge of it. The saddle-back coping here (but not the
cornice) was continued up the gable when the Church was restored,
in place of the flat tabling shown by the model.
Inside, the most striking feature of the chancel is the beautiful
group of three sedilia on the south of the sanctuary, the western-
most being about din. below the others(/%g.5), The mullions and the
corresponding pilasters on the jambs are square on plan, with sunk
panelling on the visible faces, and traceried and crocketed gablets
having head terminals surmounted by plain diagonal embattled
pinnacles. From these gablets rise the ogee-arched canopies with
_ pointed cusps and moulded labels, and the latter with the typical
Decorated foliated crockets and finials. The seats are divided by
attached wall shafts and moulded arches; the soffits are plain,
Eastward of the sédilia is a piscina with ogee arch and similar
label and finial, the latter better preserved than those of the
sedilia, ‘The jambs and arch have two orders of the wave mould,
and in the jambs are grooves for a shelf; the bowl is octagonal
with the dishing of quatrefoil form. The doorway into the sacristy
is similar to the priest’s door in the south wall. The arch opening
into the nave is the full width of the chancel, a simple one of two
orders of chamfers, the inner larger than the outer,
The windows have splayed inner jambs and curtain arches with
eavetto on edge, stopped above the sill.
The chancel work, as compared with that of theS. aisle, indicates
a decided advance in style, and the ogee form has become well
developed in the arches and labels of the piscina and sedilia, and
in the window tracery. The door between the sacristy and the
chapel is modern, and is not shown in the model.
The tower, with the exception of the arch into the nave, was
| certainly built during the 14th century, although it possesses
420 The Church of S, John the Baptist and S. Helen, Wroughton.
features which, if taken alone, would lead one to put it later, and
it is probable that the upper stage was not erected at the same
time with the rest. The walls of this part are unusually thin.
The tower is of three stages divided by string courses with broad
splayed weatherings, at each of which there is a set-off; the lower
stage has deep plinth and base mould, the latter being stopped on
either side of the west door at the level of the springing. This
doorway has a pointed arch of two orders of chamfers which are
carried down the jambs; above a moulded additional string course,
dividing it from the doorway, is a fine 3-light pointed window with
good Decorated tracery, which has been so thoroughly re-faced
that, but for the fact that the model proves the design to have
been the same in 1835 it might have been taken for new work.
The west wall below this string course is faced with freestone
ashlar, All other external facing of the tower is of rubble work,
Beyond a small loop opening in the south wall, the walls of the
middle stage are blank. The upper stage has, in each face, a 2-light
pointed window with two orders of chamfers on jambs and arch,
and one on the mullions and tracery, the latter of which is simply
arched and without cusps, but the heads of the lights are filled with
thin inserted sub-tracery above the stone louvres, and the apex is”
pierced. There are no labels. There is the conventional embattled
parapet with cavetto cornice; the pinnacles are modern but stand on
original bases. An octagonal stair turret on the south side starts
up in the angle formed by the aisle, and has exit doors into the
middle stage and out into the gutter of the nave roof at the level of,
the first string course; above these openings it terminates in a
cornice mould and weathered roof of stone. The bottom doorway is
on the outside and all turret doorways have elliptical heads. Like
the other 14th century work here the tower has diagonal buttresses ;
these have two set-offs and are carried up to the top of the middle
stage where the string course is carried around them and the
upper weathering comes immediately above, No further material
alterations were made until about 1420, when the rebuilding of the
N. aisle and the N. chapel (which are under the same roof) took
place, and the only trace of what previously existed is the Norman
By ©. E. Ponting, FSA. 421
doorway which was then rebuilt. It would thus appear that
narrow Norman aisles were extended to their present widths,
the south in the 14th century, and the north early in the 15th.
The N. aisle is of three bays, and the chapel of one wider bay,
divided by buttresses and having diagonal buttresses at the angles.
The buttress dividing the chapel from the aisle, although shown
in the model as like the rest, is much larger, being 3ft. thick and
4ft. 6in. in projection and having two set-offs, as against one in
the others.
The two windows of the aisle and the easternmost window of
the chapel, although differing to some extent in detail, are all of
three lights with pointed arches and labels; the one in the west
end of the aisle is similar, but has been much modernised and re-
newed, as also has the flat early buttress here The parapet and
coping are coeval with the rest of the aisle and are continued round
the chapel, In the cornice are six unusually good gargoyles of
winged monsters and one to the chapel of a very unconventional
type, neither animal or foliage. The plinth is carried along the
walls and around all buttresses of aisle and chapel.
The archway between the chapel and the chancel, inserted at
the same time, and taking the place of the window removed to the
north wall of the former, has three attached wall shafts with caps
and bases, the caps of a somewhat unusual form. LHastward of
this arch on the chapel side is a simple recessed piscina. The
archway between chapel and aisle is of two orders of cavetto carried
round jambs and arch.
We have the evidence of the flat buttresses on either side of the
tower, corroborated by that of the north arcade in the model, to
prove that the Norman nave extended as far westward as the
existing one, but the rebuilding of two bays only of the S. arcade
‘goes to show that this aisle was shorter. Be that as it may,
at the later period named the west end of the south aisle was
tebuilt—(the diagonal buttress here is modern, but similar to the
. ‘It is noticeable that the north clerestory of the nave is set back from
the line of this buttress. The second window of the chapel is the 14th
<entury one taken from the chancel wall when the arch was inserted.
422 The Church of S. John the Baptist and S. Helen, Wroughton.
one in the model). The pointed west window, of about 1460, has
typical wide outer hollow mould in the jambs and arch, and
Perpendicular tracery and moulded label with male and female
head-terminals.
Coeval with this is the very fine westernmost arch of the south
arcade (Fig, 4), which, judging from the width of the pier between it
and the 14th century middle arch, was either inserted in a pre-
existing blank wall, or took the place of a Norman arch like those
then existing on the north side, and a portion of the pier left: in
any case the respond of the arch immediately adjoins the tower,
and the arch itself is much wider than the two earlier ones, as
well as higher, both at the springing and apex. The jambs have
three attached shafts with moulded caps and bases, the cavetto
between them carried round jambs and arch, and ogee members
springing from the caps; there is no label.
The tower arch is of the same period, but somewhat unusual in
the arrangement of its members, which produce a striking effect ;
the inner part has arch and jambs similar to the arch of the arcade
but it is contained within an outer large casement member on the
nave side, the moulding of which is carried round the jambs and
arch.
The floor of the nave and aisles probably sloped downwards from
south to north, following to some extent the natural fall of the
ground, for the sill of the north doorway is below the present floor
level and the north windows have had their sills raised about 2ft.
from the 15th century level.
The clerestory and roof of the nave probably followed closely
upon the work last described ; there are three square-headed 2-light |
windows (without labels) of two orders of cavetto on each side, and
although they are spaced in relation to each other as though for
four windows, the space which would be occupied by the western=
most is blank. A plain parapet, which has been rebuilt and partly
renewed, with saddle-back coping, is carried all round, including the
east gable; the cornice has a hollow mould in which there are three
outlets on each side, with flatly-carved animals’ heads; these are
not unlike two which existed on the south of the chancel, the latter, .
however, have been cut away for lead shoots.
By C. #. Ponting, FSA. 423
On the apex of the east gable is a stone bell-cot ; an ogee-arched
opening between plain sides, in which a bell still hangs. The finial
on this and those at the angles of this gable were added in 1846.
The roof of the nave is coeval with the clerestory, a lead-covered
tie-beam roof, of flat pitch, with wall-braces resting on good stone
corbels of carved heads of 14th century type, five on each side; the
central one represents a king, three others on the south and one on
the north represent other men, and one on the south and three on the
“north represent women, one wearing the wimple. The other roofs
‘of the Church are modern, as also the stone corbelling inserted in
the clerestory under that of the N. aisle, but that of the S. aisle
retains two 15th century stone corbels of men’s heads—one a king.
_ The §, porch retains its walls and quoins, the lower parts of its
copings, and the inside stone benches, probably of the 15th century ;
but on the outer doorway the gable cross and apex stone have been
yenewed, and the east window is an entirely new feature. The
floor is four steps below the ground and the nave floor two steps
lower still. The inner arch of the Norman doorway isan addition
made when the rebuilding took place in the 15th century. There
te traces of colour on the Norman work.
At the E. end of the S, aisle under the 14th century window is
“the framework of a stone reredos 7/t. Vin. long and 1ft. 4in. high;
the sill is plain, the jambs are rebated and have a small roll mould
and the same work is continued around the head in which are cut
| thirteen arches as if for figures, the central one wider and higher
than the rest (fg.6). This arrangement at once suggests the sculp-
ture having been arood and the twelve apostles, The upper edge of
_ the head is embattled in a simple manner. The whole work, although
- most interesting, is very rude, and was evidently executed by an
unskilled workman, which makes it difficult to assign a date to it ;
| the head is cut in between the jambs of the Decorated window over,
4 and the reredos may probably be a 16th century insertion.
- The south wall of this aisle has been re-built in two sections, the
| part eastward of the porch when the two windows shown by the
| model of 1835 and the photograph of 1846 were inserted, and the
westward part and angle buttress at the time of the restoration in
424 The Church of 8, John the Baptist and 8. Helen, Wroughton.
the latter year. Although there are traces of an east gable of
earlier pitch, the coping of this part is old, whilst that along the
south is of the time of the rebuilding. ‘The two windows of the
S. aisle, which seem to have struck Aubrey so forcibly in the last
quarter of the 17th century, when they were probably not fifty
years old, were square-headed, of three lights, with a transom but
no label, the heads of lights slightly segmental (Fig. 2). They were
replaced at the restoration,the easternmost by a copy of the Decorated
window in the east wall, and the other by a copy of the Perpen-
dicular window in the west wall, probably to be in keeping with
the architecture of the parts of the arcade opposite tothem. These
windows are seen in the illustration of the south arcade, here given
(Fig. 3).
The font now in use is of a very ordinary type of Perpendicular,
an octagonal bowl with sunk quatrefoils on the sides, on a slender
stem, and it has been so entirely re-faced that, but for the piecing
where damaged by hinges, it might have been taken for modern
work. Thereisthe round bowl of an interesting early 14th century
font on the floor near the pulpit, but its history and former locality
rest on vague tradition.
In the churchyard southward of the chancel is the base of a
churchyard cross on three plain steps, with part of the shaft 2ft. 9in.
high and 1ft. 2in. square, leaded in.
The model as showing the internal arrangements of the Church
previous to 1835 is of great interest (Fig. 1.). Archbishop Laud’s
direction for the enclosure of the altar had apparently been carried
out here by a rail on three sides of it. Near the west end, and
approached by a flight of about fourteen steps starting by the
priest’s door and carried up against the south wall, a gallery like a
ship’s bridge is carried across the chancel to a loft orlarge pew
at a lower level running forward under the chancel arch, which
was the Salthrop pew. Beneath this, on the ground floor, other
pews are arranged on north and south, and a big pew is shown in-
side the Chapel by the arch into the chancel.’
i Mrs. Story Maskelyne states in a note :—“ Mr. T. Codrington recollected
the vault under the Codrington Manor House pew (which is shown in the
By C. EL. Ponting, F.S.A. 425
In the nave is a west-end gallery of two stories—the upper
arranged for singers—and apparently approached by a stair under
the tower. On the floor of the nave were the usual four groups
of pews, and in the midst of the S.E. group, against the 14th cen-
tury pillar is planted the pulpit, approached by nine or ten steps,
surmounted by its sounding board and having below it the reading
pew and clerk’s pew.!
Aubrey, in writing of the N. aisle, refers to “the skreen,” but
none is shown in the model. If any existed in 1835 it 1s probable
that it came under the west side of the Salthrop pew and the latter
may have been the rood loft; there is now no trace of any structural
stair.
Tbe Church is said to have been restored in 1846 under the
direction of Mr. Lyte, architect, when the present north arcade,
adapted from the earlier part of that on the south was erected ; the
the doorway between chapel and sacristry made; the two windows
in S. aisle inserted, and presumably, the roofs of aisles and chapel
renewed. ‘The roof of the chancel was renewed in 1880.
model), the boarding of which was very rotten! There were steps leading
from the Vicarage pew up to the three-decker pulpit, which is also shown
the model. The Manor House pew was apparently under what is now
“the chancel arch and the Vicarage pew more to the south and west. The
lthrop pew was approached by steps in the chancel and was under the
ancel arch ; it had curtains to screen off the occupants. Mr. T. Codrington
mperdd | as a boy (of 10, when his father died and they left Wroughton
1839) going up to the Salthrop pew for a good view of weddings. The
ancel door was that by which all these pews were approached.”
Im a letter written by Dr. Codrington, of Chichester, in 1902, it is stated.
at the restoration of 1846 brought to light a fresco painting on the pillar
hind the pulpit representing a mitred abbot with scrip and pastoral staff.
Maskelyne says that a small sketch of this was sent by Mr.J. Codrington
Othe Rev. R. J: Keble, when Vicar of Wroughton, and lost.
426
SIR WILLJAM SHARINGTON’S WORK AT LACOCK,
SUDELEY, AND DUDLEY:
By tHE Rev. W. G. CrarKk-MAxwett, F.S.A.
It has long been recognised that the buildings erected by Sir
William Sharington at the dissolved monastery of Lacock present
certain characteristic features, which are of great value and interest
to the student of the early renaissance architecture of England, and
illustrate the transition to this from the Gothic of the Tudor period,
It may be therefore of interest to record the occurrence of these —
features in two other buildings, with the erection of which, as we >
know from documentary sources, Sharington was concerned; namely a
Sudeley and Dudley castles. a
When in 1540 Sharington obtained possession of Lacock Abboyll
he probably found one portion, the abbess’s lodging on the west
side of the cloister, ready for occupation as it stood; and here he
seems at the first to have taken up his abode and gradually to have
altered the buildings to suit his requirements, beginning with the
southern range next the wall of the destroyed Abbey Chureh.
We know that this process had begun before, probably considerably —
before, August, 1548, as a survey of that date preserved at Lacock
mentions the mansion-house as being then “a newe buyldyng”
(i.e. being built anew); and as we shall see later, he had at least
one stone-carver in his employ at the time of his death in July,
1553. 7
In his work in this, the first portion of his alterations (up to and
including the present library), Sharington shows scarcely any dis-
tinctively classical features, and a much more pronounced Gothic
element than in his subsequent work, which from this point
onwards is almost wholly of renaissance character.? One might be
ett
1 Read before the Archeological Institute, 2nd April, 1913, and printed
without the additional note in Arch. Journ., 2nd Series, xx. 175—182 (1918),
2 See Journal of British Archeological Association, n.s. Xi., pp. 195—201.
S
Fic. 1. Lacock Abbey, Windows in the Brown
Gallery, formerly the Frater.
*JOOI JO}SIOTO ‘paesqano5 ur ; ¥
0} Avmioog peysojg ‘Aeqqy yooowy ‘¢e ‘oI JBN ‘oqqy yooory °% “aig
a
WINDOWS OF STONE GALLERY. (RESTORED )
= Silk = Jane,
&)
Fic. 4. Lacock Abbey, Windows.
GN neil hs) THA Be pogo
‘9snOH yWnpuogd ‘apyseq Asjapns ‘9g *oI4 asnoy }NpuoDd “yoooey +c
Ay Fires Aue . ee
“OI
Fic. 7. Lacock Abbey, External view of North-East
Corner of Stable Yard.
Fie. 8.
Dudley Castle,
North Doorway of Colonnade.
Fic. 9. Dudley Castle, Upper-story Windows, looking East.
ae ee Sel
+ OR YAPT St
it ee
+
Dudley Castle, Windows at South
Colonnade, looking East.
for convenience call “Sharingtonian,” are the following :—
(1) 4 peculiar profile of gable-coping, combined with consoles
(2) =e fended doorways with sunk chamfers in ‘ihe
jambs, a peculiar variety of stop-chamfer, and a classical entab-
lature, supported by consoles at either side,
(3) A characteristic window of four (in one instance three)
fights, with a transom at mid- -height, and consoles in the heads of
upper lights, The central mullion is wider than the others,
and its intersection with the transom is marked by a circle; there
ave half-circles at the upper end of this mullion and at the ends
f the transom, and quarter-circles in the upper corners of the
window. Below, internally is a shelf supported on five consoles,
alternately broad and narrow, to correspond with the mullions
above. By the kindness of Mr, H. Brakspear, F.S.A., I am enabled
io reproduce here a measured drawing (fig. 4), showing what these
windows must have been, as originally set up.’ This is perhaps
most characteristic feature of Sharington’s work at Lacock,
gh no absolutely untouched example of the recessed four-light
somed window still survives there. The nearest existing
esentatives may be found in the windows inserted by
rington in the south wall of the frater, an outside view of
ch is shown in /%g. 1, though these, being high above the
r-level, have sills deeply splayed, instead of the usual shelf,
r the better lighting of the passage below.
'There was also shown, at the reading of the paper, a restored drawing
; Mr. Brakspear, of the window of the “Tapestry Room,” a much more
late example of the same type, with carved ornament, and Sharington’s
als, etc., but it has not been found possible to include it in the present
lication.
VOL, XXXVIII.—NO. CXXI. 2F
428 Sir William Sharington’s Work at Lacock, Sudeley, & Dudley.
So far as I know, no precisely similar windows are found any-
where else, with the exception of those to be mentioned later; the
nearest approach known to me is at Layer Marney, in Essex, where
the windows have consoles in the heads, taking the form of dolphins
on the interior face,
We know that Sir William Sharington was arrested in January,
1549, for complicity in the treasonable designs of Thomas Lord
Seymour of Sudeley, Lord High Admiral, and brother of Protector
Somerset.t In the statement which he then made,’ he alleges that
he had laid out large sums of money in furtherance of the building
schemes of the admiral at Sudeley and elsewhere. In particular,
he mentions that he had laid forth for his buildings at Bromham
£1,500, for his buildings at Sudeley £1,100. At Bromham the
lord admiral was neighbour to Sharington at Lacock, but there is
nothing now extant there that we can connect with this outlay,
though it is evident that both at Bromham and at Sudeley
Sharington had acted on a very considerable scale on Seymour’s
behalf. Most of the existing work at Sudeley is either earlier or
slightly later than the period 1547—1549, with which we are now
concerned: but in the conduit house, known as St. Kenelm’s Well,
aud situated about three-quarters of a mile from the castle, we
have a very interesting and characteristic assemblage of “ Sharing-
tonian” features, as may be seen in F%g. 6, reproduced here
by kind permission of Mr. W. Slatter, of Cheltenham. With
the exception of the pedimented niche over the door and the finials
to the gables, which are recent alterations,? every detail of the
building may be exactly paralleled at Lacock, though not all in one
place. For the general design of the building, Sharington’s conduit-
house on Bowden Hill, Lacock, should be compared (fig. 5)
but it should be noted that this latter has a stone roof supported
on transverse arches, whereas the Sudeley example has evidently
a wooden roof covered with tiles, For the outline of gable, its
1See Walts Arch. Mag., xxvii., 159.
2P.R.O. State Papers, Domestic, vol. vi., Edward VI., No. 13.
An older view appears in Dent’s Winchcombe and Sudeley, p. 53, showing
these finials as balls but this was almost certainly not the original design.
By the Rev. W. G. Clark-Maxwell, P.S.A. 429
coping, the consoles beneath it, and the dentilled blocking-course
: under the eaves, we may compare the photograph of a projection
from the north-east angle of the Lacock stable-yard illustrated in
: Fig.'7. The plinth, though one which is common enough in
late Perpendicular work, is found again in close juxtaposition to
classical details in the Bowden Hill conduit-house and the interior
of the same stable-yard ; the doorway of the Sudeley conduit-house
finds its precise counterpart in the blocked door which gave access
to the cloister leads at Lacock (Fig. 3), and the small windows
with consoles in the heads may nearly be matched at Lacock by
‘the upper part of a pair of single-light windows, unblocked in
1850, in the south wall of one of the principal bedrooms, and by the
small window in the passage leading to the muniment room in the
tower.
It should further be noted that all these features are of the
developed renaissance type of Sharington’s work at Lacock; and
‘since there can be practically no doubt that the conduit-house
represents part of the building on which Sharington had laid out
money for the admiral, the conclusion follows that he must have
reached this point of development before his arrest in January,
1549; and he seems not to have varied subsequently from it,
The documentary evidence of Sharington’s connexion with
~ Dudley Castle is to be found in a letter addressed by him on 25th -
~ June, 1553, about a fortnight before his death, to Sir J. Thynne,
of Longleat. In this letter he excuses himself for not sending
_ Thynne one of his workmen, named Chapman; he would willingly
do so, but Chapman had been sent for by the Duke of Northumber-
land to Dudley; and though he had not yet started, he had sent
_ on his working tools in the waggons that had left with the chimney
" that he had been so long working at. Meanwhile Sharington pro-
poses to send a measure and a pattern of the pedestal on which
Thynne intends to set his “ beast” (a carved stone animal, of which
two may be seen in Fig. 7) “that may be both agreeable to your
q poynen table? and to the beast.”
1 Published by Mr. C. H. Talbot in the Wilts Arch. Mag., xxvi., 50.
27.e., gable coping.
2F 2
430 Sir William Sharington’s Work at Lacock, Sudeley, & Dudley.
This shows that Sharington had, up to the time of his death, at
least one skilful carver, and perhaps more, whom he occasionally
lent to his friends for the execution of elaborate chimneypieces,.
and such stone animals as those of which a good many still exist
at Lacock.
An examination of the remaining buildings at Dudley Castle
fails to reveal any chimneypiece of Bath stone, such as Chapman
would presumably work at Lacock, but the existence of “Sharing-
tonian”’ features in much of Northumberland’s work there is un-
mistakable, although the decayed condition of the stonework makes
it difficult to see in some cases, and in others it is obscured by recent
repairs. Mr. Brakspear and I spent a day at Dudley Castle during
the summer of 1912; and an examination of the existing remains of
the domestic buildings makes it practically certain that Sharington
must have remodelled, or built anew, the whole of the range north-
wards from the chapel and great chamber adjoining. This would
comprise, (1) the hall with its appurtenant buildings, (2) the kitchens
with bedrooms over, (3) a further block of service buildings, (4) the
northern gate or postern. Northumberland’s attainder in 1553,
following shortly on the death of Sharington in July of that year,
probably arrested the work before completion, aud it is doubtful
whether the chimneypiece mentioned above was ever actually set up.
There appear to be “Sharingtonian” doorways at each end of
the open colonnade which connected the two wings of Northumber-
land’s great hall on the first floor level (Fig. 8). The stonework |
is badly decayed, but the general resemblance between these door- |
ways and that shown in Fg. 3, is too marked to be acci- |
dental. The way, too, in which the attached column is combined |
with the stonework of the adjoining window is strongly reminiscent
of Sharington’s treatment of a similar column (the only one re- |
maining) in the courtyard at Lacock (Fig. 2). This column |
supported the beginning of a timber-built gallery or bridge which
gave access to some buildings, now destroyed, in the courtyard.
The upper-story windows at Dudley, so far as one could judge
from the ground-floor level on the inside, appear to be of “Sharing-
tonian” pattern, including the shelf with consoles beneath (fig. 9): | i
i
By the Rev. W. G. Clark-Macxwell, F.S.A, 431
if the original heads of these windows were still preserved, it is
“quite possible that we should be able to trace there also remains at
‘least of the consoles, which are perhaps the most characteristic
% all the features which I have called Sharingtonian; since in the
‘small partially-blocked windows flanking the colonnade, and in
‘those on the ground-floor immediately beneath them, these consoles
a still to be detected, although in a greatly decayed condition
(Fig. 10). There is, however, no trace, either within or without
‘the castle, of the circles which ornament the windows at Lacock,
‘nor is there any instance of this decoration elsewhere in England,
‘so far as I know."
The stone in which the ornamental details at Dudley are executed
4s unfortunately of a very perishable nature, and ill adapted to
resist the corroding influence of the atmosphere of a manufacturing °
district, such as the neighbourhood has now become; but despite
Ghis unfavourable condition, we can recognise the same delicate
skill and mastery of proportion as can be seen so clearly at Lacock
‘and Sudeley; and the conclusion is practically inevitable that the
same hand was responsible for the design of the work in all three
places. It is just possible that this was the hand of Sharington
himself ; we have seen above that he was able to supply “ patterns ”’
of architectural details to his friends, and his signature shows
jim to have been thoroughly Italianate in that respect at
Teast? ; but it will be a safer conjecture to attribute the work to
“someone employed by him, whether the Chapman mentioned above,
or some unknown master-mason, Italian, Frenchman, Dutchman,
: or, more probably, Englishman, trained in the best methods of the
early renaissance in England.
i
Whawnughey
Ge
SIGNATURE OF SIR WILLIAM SHARINGTON.
"Similar circles occur in the early renaissance work at the chateau of Blois.
? The signature is taken from the statement referred to at the beginning
of this article (P.R.O. State Papers, Domestic, vol. VI., Edward VI., No. 13).
Fach page of the statement is signed by Sharington.
432 Sir William Sharington’s Work at Lacock, Sudeley, & Dudley.
ADDITIONAL NOTE
ON Lorp Srymour’s HousE at BRoMHAM.
When I published in the Magazine (vol. xxvii., p. 159) the con-
fession or statement made by Sir William Sharington in 1549, I
expressed the opinion that the Bromham therein mentioned could
not be that in Wilts, since I could find no evidence of any break
in its tenure by the Baynton family during the whole of this period.
It was, however, pointed out to me later, that document No. 2 in
the volume of State Papers (Domestic, vol. VI.,. Ed. VI.) which
contains Sharington’s statement, directs certain commissioners to
proceed to the Lord Admiral’s “house of Bromham in the county
of Wilts,” and there take inventory, etc., and following up this clue,
I have been able, through the valuable help of Mr. A. Story
Maskelyne, to bring to light an amazing transaction even for
that amazing age of duplicity and unscrupulousness.
Tt appears from the Originalia Rolls (Exchequer L. T. R. No. 375
Second Part, I. Mary, vol. 33) that after the death of Sir Edward
Baynton (which took place in 1544, apparently in France) his son
and heir Andrew agreed with Sir Thomas Seymour (afterwards the
Lord Admiral) to exchange the whole of their properties in Wilts.
Each was to continue in enjoyment of his inheritance during his
lifetime; but Andrew’s possessions, including Bromham and much
else, were after his death to go to Seymour and his heirs for ever;
while Seymour’s property was after his death to pass only to Andrew
Baynton and his direct descendants, with remainder to the heirs of
Seymour. Further, we learn that each was to give security for
the due performance of his share of the bargain ; and in accordance
with this, we find in the Patent Rolls (Pat. 37 Hen. 1, pt. 18, m. 2)
license given to Seymour and Baynton jointly to convey to trustees
Bromham and other (Baynton) property.
But (proceeds our document) whereas Baynton duly performed
his share of the agreement, Seymour performed nothing of his;
nor paid any of the four thousand pounds which he had agreed to
forfeit for such default, so that when Seymour was attainted of
high treason, the whole of the Baynton and Seymour estates were
' forfeited to the Crown “ to the grave disherison of the said Andrew.”
Grave, indeed! However, on Baynton’s prayer for redress, Queen
By the Rev. W. G. Clark-Maxwell, FS.A. 433
“Mary, in the first year of her reign, restored to him Bromham and
_the whole Baynton inheritance.
The story outlined above sounds almost past belief, but every
stage in it is supported by documentary proof. On one step only
is it silent, namely, by what means Seymour, having made an
unequal bargain with Baynton, and made him fulfil his share
while neglecting his own, finally managed to anticipate its provisions,
‘and obtain possession of Bromham during Andrew’s lifetime. He
is said to have been a person of extraordinary persuasiveness, and
he must have been so, thus to succeed in ousting the rightful owner
within the brief space of four years. This consideration may help
to explain, though it may not excuse, the complete ascendancy
which Sharington allowed him to obtain, alike over his moral sense
and better judgment.
_ Andrew Baynton left a daughter and heir, Anne, who was
“married to William Anstie, and in November, 1574, they alienated
‘dy royal licence the manors of Bromeham Baynton, Chippenham,
/and Chippenham Stanley, to Sir Edward Baynton (the younger :
brother to Andrew), to whose heirs they subsequently descended.
(See Memoranda Roll, 20 Eliz. Hilary Term, vol. 52).
_ Bromham House, as left by Sir Edward Baynton the elder, was
@ magnificent structure of the time of Henry VIIL, as one may
j dge by the one surviving fragment, 7.2, the gate-house now
“Serving as an entrance to Spye Park, having been removed from its
Original site, and re-erected in its present position in 1753. The
‘house had been built largely with stone brought by Sir Edward
‘irom Devizes Castle, as Leland tells us, and as on the accession of
| Edward VI. Lord Seymour of Sudeley had a grant of the Castle of
Devizes (see Wiltshire Gazette for August 28th, 1913), it seems
Mesonable to suppose that he in his turn used it for the same
fpbpose and that the stone for the additions, on which Sharington
tells us that he laid ont £1500, was obtained from this source. It
lis small wonder that popular tradition asserted that old Bromham
louse was nearlyas large as Whitehall! The house was burnt in the
434 Sir William Sharrington’s Work at Lacock, Sudeley, & Dudley.
“Notes on Spye Park and Bromham,” by C. H. Talbot, in vol. xv.
of this Magazine, p. 320.)
I have to thank Mr.H.Brakspear for the photographs from which —
Jigs. 4, 8, and 10 are reproduced; Mr. W. Slatter, of Cheltenham, —
for jig. 6 ; and Mr. Owen Blocksidge, of Dudley, for a photo
by the late Mr. EH, Blocksidge, reproduced in jig. 9.
a
435
THE SIXTIETH GENERAL MEETING
OF
THE WILTSHIRE ARCHAOLOGICAL AND NATURAL
HISTORY SOCIETY,
HELD AT DEVIZES, August 11th to 16th, 1913,
IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE SIXTY-SEVENTH ANNUAL MEETING
OF THE CAMBRIAN ARCHZOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION.
W. Hewarp BELL, Hsq., F.8.A., F.G.S., President of the Society.
W. Boyp Dawkins, Esq., F.R.S., D.Sc, F.S.A., President of the
Cambrian Archeological Association.
Although the meeting of 1912 had been held at Devizes, it was
decided that the joint meeting of the Cambrian Archeological
Association with our own Society should also be held at that place,
partly because it is the most central position in the county, but
chiefly because Mr. B. H. Cunnington, at whose instance the in-
vitation to visit Wilts was given to the Cambrian Association, had
undertaken the very onerous task of Local Secretary to the joint
meeting of the two Societies.
The proceedings on Monday, August 11th, were limited to the
meeting of the Committee of the Cambrian Association in the
Council Chamber in the evening. The President of our own Society
was unable to be present at the meeting, and Prof. Boyd Dawkins
acted as President of the two Societies throughout the proceedings.
TUESDAY, AUGUST 12TH.
On this, the first day’s excursion, about a hundred and fifty
members of the two societies started from the Market Place at
9 a.m. in five big motor char-a-banes, and a long line of private
cars. The first halt was at Shepherds’ Shore, where Mr. H. E.
1A very full and accurate account of the proceedings of the meeting was
Piven in the Wiltshire Gazette, August 14th and 21st, 1913, and it was also
reported at some length in the Weltshire Times, and Wiltshire News. The
best and fullest account is, however, printed in Archeologia Cambrensis,
6th Series, XIV., pp. 113—204.
436 The Siatieth General Meeting.
Medlicott, as a Vice-President of our Society, in the absence of our
President, heartily welcomed the Cambrians to Wiltshire. Dr.
Boyd Dawkins then called on Mr. Albany F. Major to speak on
the WANSDYKE. He said that the Wansdyke was divided into
three sections, (a) that which ran through Somerset, (0) the section
from the Avon Valley through Wiltshire to Savernake Forest, (c)
that from the east side of Savernake to the borders of Berkshire.
The Somerset section (a) had been recently examined by the Bath
and District Branch of the Somerset Archeological Society, but
the excavations had produced no definite evidence as to its date.
The eastern section (c) had never been examined, and there was
little information as to its course. The middle section (0) had
been examined by Gen. Pitt Rivers and pretty well proved to be
of late Roman or Romano-British date. Mr. Major agreed with
Gen. Pitt Rivers that the main purpose of Wansdyke was defensive,
like the walls of Hadrian and Antonine in the north, and that it
was designed to defend the open down country between the valleys
of the Thames and the Avon from an attack from the north. Major
Godsal, on the other hand, contended that Wansdyke was never —
a military defence, no line of the sort ever could be. It was the
boundary line drawn between two peoples, doubtless the Saxons
under Ceawlin and the Britons. “This Wansdyke was once the
boundary of Wales and designed, as I believe, by Ceawlin to enable
his followers to collect for the great advance northwards which he
eventually made.” Sir Henry Howorth followed on the’same side,
contending strongly that it was a boundary line and not intended
for actual defence.
At AVEBURY the Rev. E. H. Goddard gave a description of
the circles, the earthworks, and the origin and distribution of the
sarsen stones, dwelling on the fact that there never could have been
any number of them on Salisbury Plain,and that the stones of Stone-
henge must have come from the Marlborough neighbourhood, Sir
Henry Howorth suggested the placing of a post at each spot where a
stone was known to havestood. This would enable visitors to gain a
much better idea of what the plan had been than from any verbal
description. Dr. W. H. St. John Hope drew attention to the very
'
e Tuesday, August 12th, 437
irregular construction of the bank outside the ditch. He knew of
‘no other such. Its height and width varied continually, and he
; suggested that it really represents merely the line of spoil heaps
_ in which the contents of the ditch were thrown up. The rubble was
_ thrown up anyhow merely to get rid of it, and with no particular ob-
¢ ject in view, Prof.Boyd Dawkins, however, replied that several Iron
t Age earthworks—Hod Hill among them—had the same irregular
_ top to the bank. As to the age of Avebury he quite agreed with
_Lord Avebury that the temple belonged to the Bronze Age—the
many barrows of this age in the neighbourhood pointed to this.
“He did not agree with the theory put forth by Mr. Reginald Smith
that the round-bottomed pottery, fragments of which had been
found in the silting of the ditch, was of the Neolithic period.
‘Round-bottomed vessels, both here and on the Continent, were
found belonging to a much later period. As to the flint implements
found at the bottom of the ditch, the use of flint survived into the
_ Bronze Age, and stag’s horn picks were used from Neolithic right
own to medieval times. For Sir Norman Lockyer’s theories of
sight lines, warning stars, and so on, he had no respect at all.
AVEBURY CHURCH was next visited, the Rev. E. H. Goddard
“again acting as guide, pointing out the original Saxon windows of
“the nave, and the small round openings in the clerestory as of the
‘same date. Dr. St. John Hope doubted whether these circular
‘Openings were Saxon, he did not know any example of a Saxon
clerestory, and suggested that they were insertions of the 12th
“century, when the Norman arcades were cut through the walls.
THE MANOR HOUSE, by the kindness of Captain and Mrs.
Jenner, was next visited, Captain Jenner giving some account of
what was known of its history.. Luncheon in the yard of the
“Red Lion” followed at 12.45, and at 1.45 the motors proceeded
along the Marlborough Road to the entrance to Clatford Bottom,
where they remained whilst the company walked up the farm track
to the DEVIL'S DEN, where Mr. Goddard again gave a few words
of description, speaking of it as the stone chamber of a long barrow
which bad almost disappeared. Mrs. Cunnington said there was
: a tradition that the barrow had been carted away. Professor
438 The Siaxtieth General Meeting.
Hamada, Professor of Archeology in Kyoto University, Japan, who
was present, and-was asked to say something on the distribution of
dolmens, said he was much interested in seeing this structure, for
it reminded him of the dolmens which were so numerous, some
with mounds, and some bare, as this was, in Japan. Sometimes
five hundred or six hundred were to be found there within a com-
paratively small area. He put their date, in Japan, at from 500
to 700 A.D., and they all belonged to the Iron Age. There was
no Bronze Age in Japan. Dr. Tapp mentioned the dolmens of
Corea and the pottery found in them. Professor Sayce, referring
to excavations of his own in North Africa and Korea, said that
whilst the African dolmens resemble those of Europe, the Korean
examples do not. Mr. H. E. Medlicott thanked Mr. Alec Taylor,
the owner of the Devil’s Den, for the interest which he took in the
monument.
After tea in Mr. Arnold’s farm premises at West Kennett the
drive was continued to SILBURY HILL. Here the Rev. E. H.
Goddard again acted as guide, giving an account of the various ex-
cavations by the Duke of Northumberland (1777), the Archeological
Institute (1849), the Wiltshire Archeological Society (1867), and
Mr. A. Passin 1886. The latter had found a number of flint flakes,
certainly of human manufacture, at a level in the chalk silting
round the base of the mound, which showed that flint-using people
were on the site a considerable time a/ter the raising of the mound.
This he said seemed to him the most important piece of positive
evidence as to date that had come to light as yet, and its importance
had not been properly considered. Dr, W. H. St. John Hope, in
reply, referred somewhat contemptuously to the flints in question,
and argued at some length in favour of the Norman origin of the
mound. He had paid a good deal of attention to these great
mounds in different parts of the country. One thing was very
clear, they were not barrows. Although they appeared to be scat-
tered about promiscuously, they really served a definite purpose,
and with regard to many of them there was documentary evidence,
beginning with Domesday, that they were Norman, and so part of
a great system devised by the Conqueror. Apparently he parcelied
Tuesday, August 14th. 439
ut the land amongst his followers on condition that they threw
up these great mounds, or motte castles, to hold down the conquered
country. Of these mounds all those to which we can assign definite
dates are certainly Norman. They are not Saxon or Danish, or
Roman. Some were not larger than large barrows, but others,
like the huge castle mounds of Thetford, Windsor Castle, and
Norwich almost rivalled Silbury in size. The Norwich mound was
dated by documentary evidence at the middle of the 11th century,
e€ saw no reason why a Norman motte should not have been
hrown up on this spot, and the absence of a bailey proved nothing,
the place might never have been finished. Moreover, there were
other mottes which had no baileys.t
Sir Henry Howorth could not accept Dr. Hope’s reasoning. It
“was incredible that so gigantic a work could have been thrown up in
Worman times with no evidence remaining of the fact. It must
“have been the work-of the King himself or of some very powerful
was a proof that it was older than Norman times. He could not
| believe thatit was Norman. On the other hand it was very difficult
om ote or shire mote), rather than a Norman “motte.”
From this point the company journeyed back to Devizes, arriving
‘at 6 o'clock, precisely in accordance with the programme.
. i In the evening the Mayor of Devizes (Mr. Herbert Sainsbury)
and the Mayoress received the members of both Societies at the
Town Hall, and happily expressed the welcome which the County
of Wilts and the Town of Devizes extended to the visitors from
i Wales. Mr. B. H. Cunnington, in his capacity of Hx-Mayor,
| eordially seconded the welcome which the Mayor had offered.
On the Mayor leaving the chair it was taken by Archdeacon
| Thomas, Chairman of Committee of the Cambrian Association, who
; formally asked Dr. Boyd Dawkins to take his place as the President-
elect of the Association. The President having thanked the Mayor
' 1A full report of Dr. Hope’s remarks on this subject was printed in the
| Wiltshire Gazette, Sept. 11th, 1913.
440 The Siatieth General Meeting.
and Corporation for their very kind welcome, on behalf of both :
societies, proceeded to deliver his presidential address! on “The
Retreat of the Welsh from Wiltshire.” Professor Sayce, in pro-
posing a vote of thanks to the President, was inclined, he said, to
doubt whether the West Saxons were really to any large extent —
Saxons at all, and whether the struggle was not really between
two branches of the Celtic family—one with a considerable strain —
of Welsh blood, whilst the other was Goidelic, from Ireland. The
ethnology of Wilts was still to a large extent the ethnology of
the country before the English came into Britain atall. The vote
of thanks was seconded by Major Godsal, who, however, was unable
to agree with some of the views advanced in the address. Sir
Henry Howorth said a few words eulogistic of the work done by
Dr. Boyd Dawkins since they were boys together at Rossall, more
than fifty years ago. Refreshments were most kindly provided for
the large company by the Mayor and Mayoress, to whom a hearty
vote of thanks was accorded. |
WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 13Tu.
Leaving Devizes punctually at 9.30 the motor cars reached
KEEVIL at 10.15, where TALBOYS was first visited, by kind
permission of Mr. E. C. Lister, and the Rev. A, T. Richardson gave
an account of the house, of which little is known, suggesting that
the escutcheon of Fitzalan quartering Maltravers on the gallery of
the hall, now repainted in oils from the original in distemper, may
be those of John, 19th Earl, created K.G. in 1432, who died in
1435. Dr. St. John Hope, however, thought there was nothing
earlier than Edw, IV. in the house, which has been so much altered
by restoration that there is little left todateit by. Judging from
the character of the work in the garter round them he regarded
the arms as of 17th century date. The party then crossed the
road to the MANOR HOUSE, where they were received by
General Dickson, who in 1911 purchased the property of Major
Archibald Hicks Beach, to whom it had descended from William
1The Retreat of the Welsh from Wiltshire.” Archeologia Cambrensis,
6th Series, vol. xiv. (1914), pp. 87—112.
Wednesday, August 13th. 44]
‘Beach, of Fittleton, who bought the Keevil estate in 1680 from
“Thomas, son of Edmund Lambert. The house itself, a fine example
‘of its period, externally unaltered and well preserved, appears to
have been built in 1580 by one of the Lamberts, the porch being
added, as his initials on it showed, in 1611 by Edmund Lambert,
to whom, perhaps, is also due the fine Jacobean screen in the hall.
The earlier 16th century panelling does not belong to the house,
Mr. Richardson here also acted as guide and told the story of Anne,
daughter of Michael Hicks Beach, who, falling in love with William
Wainhouse, curate of the parish, was for two years locked up by
her father in the porch room over the entrance, from the window
of which she could see her lover as he passed along the road. At
‘the end of the two years her father offered her the choice of her
lover or his fortune. She chose the former and survived her
“inarriage only three months.
The next stop was at STEEPLE ASHTON CHURCH, where
the Rev. E. P. Knubley pointed out the many interesting features
of the Church. Dr. St. John Hope dwelt on the great dignity and
interest of the building; it was, he said, very rare in any part of
England to meet with sumptuous vaulting of this kind. The re-
“mains of the glass, too, were of much beauty. The white rose of
York and the rayed suns must have been in the windows before
1483, because Edw. IV. died in that year, and his successor was
not likely to perpetuate his memory. He explained the two figures
| in the east window of the south chapel—a king crowned and
| wearing a blue robe, seated on a throne, holding an orb surmounted
by a cross, and a queen seated and crowned, wearing a purple
| robe,with hands folded over the breast—as representing Christ and
His bride, the Church. In the same window a hand pointing to
(a lamb on a book are portions of the figure of St. John Baptist.
THE MANOR HOUSE, of Elizabethan and Jacobean date,
with the picturesque red brick 16th century (?) granary standing on
stone columns in the garden, was next visited, and Mr. and Mrs.
W. H. Cary received the party most kindly and offered refresh-
/ments, of which many members availed themselves.
EDINGTON CHURCH, the next item on the programme, was
442 The Siatieth General Meeting.
described by the Rev. E. H. Goddard. Dr. St. John Hope, who
followed, held that the great wooden screen and loft which enclose
the choir was not the rood loft at all, but the pulpitum, and that
the rood screen proper stood where the modern screen now stands,
behind the altar. As to the annexe which once existed on the
south side of the choir, he regarded it as certainly the canons’
vestry. The buttresses, which were extended to form two walls
of the vestry, were set back when the vestry was pulled down,
Sir Henry Howorth then spoke on the unexplained divergence of
the English and French styles at the end of the Decorated period.
Up to that time the development of architectural styles in the
two countries was practically the same. With the advent of the
Perpendicular in England and the Flamboyant in France they
diverged. He thought that the closer connection at this time with
Flanders, where so much of the stained glass was produced, might
account for the prevalence in England of the great Perpendicular
windows.
After lunch at the “Monastery Gardens” some of the members
made their way up to Bratton Camp, whilst the main body journeyed
round by road to BATTLESBURY CAMP, where Dr. Boyd
Dawkins spoke on the uses of the great hill camps, which he
regarded as places of refuge both for the people and their flocks”
in time of danger, and perhaps places of residence for some portion
of the year for the population of the immediate neighbourhood,
placed on the edge of the downs close to the valley below. Colonel
Morgan, who was then called on, said that from its appearance he
should assign Bratton Camp to post Roman times, it was probably
made by the British under Roman influence. Battlesbury, on the
1For Col. Morgan’s theory of the age of the Wiltshire Camps see Arch.
Camb., 6 Series, xiv., 175—177. He contends that Bratton, Yarnbury, and
to a less extent, Battlesbury, and other camps, though doubtless originally
made and occupied in the Early Iron Age, were reconstructed under the
influence of Roman principles in Romano-British times, and he relies
on the remarkable defences of the entrances of these camps as a proof of
this. He contends, too, that the amount of ground “dead” to the ramparts
on the slope of the hill was an essential and intentional feature of these
camps, “in order to obtain a good sky line at 40 to 50 yards range.” He
does not think that Silbury could possibly have been a Norman “ motte.”
Thursday, August 14th. 443
other hand, he regarded as of pre-Roman origin, altered in later
times. Mr. Willoughby Gardner agreed that many of the hill
{ amps must be ascribed to a much later period than the ages of
stone and bronze to which they had been generally ascribed in the
past, His own excavations in North Wales and those of Mr. and
‘Mrs. Cunnington in Wiltshire tended to this conclusion. Dr.
ZB oyd Dawkins said that all the large camps which he had explored,
which like those of Wiltshire were intended to defend not only the
people but also their cattle and property, belonged to the early Iron
ging, in Welsh, by all the Welsh visitors present, of “Hen wlad
y whadau ” (“ Land of my Fathers”).
At the Evening Meeting at 9.15, in the Town Hall, the Rev. E. H.
Goddard read a paper, on “THE ANTIQUITIES OF WILTS,”
igned to give to those to whom Wiltshire was new ground some
eral idea of what the county contains in the way of archeology
mid medieval antiquities! Refreshments were kindly provided by
ir. W. Heward Bell, |
THURSDAY, AUGUST 14tx,
A special train, leaving Devizes at 8.52, conveyed a large
company to Wylye, where the motors met them and proceeded to
YARNBURY CASTLE, where Mr. B. H. Cunnington, standing
the rampart, gave an account of the camp and of the Wiltshire
| This paper is printed in Archwologia Cambrensis, 6th Series, vol. xiv.
(Jan., 1914), pp. 59—86 ; it was also printed in full in the Weltshire Gazette,
and was published separately as a pamphlet, price 4d., at the Gazette
Office, Devizes. It will not be printed in the Wilts Arch. Mag.
VOL, XXXVIII—NO. CXXI 26
444 The Sixtieth General Meeting.
camps in general, demurring strongly to Col. Morgan’s assertion
that the majority were of post-Roman origin. Dr. Boyd Dawkins
said it was the most complex camp he knew of, he thought the
outer rings belonged to a different period from the inner. The
complicated entrance on the east side with its defences was identical
in principle with the entrances of Maiden Castle, Dorchester, and
other camps of the Early Iron Age.
Mr, Albany Major contended that the word “ municipia” used
in the accounts of the wars of Alfred with the Danes, referred
really to these hill camps, which were occupied both by Danes and
Saxons in turn.
Leaving Yarnbury the long train of motors made their way to
the WINTERBOURNE STOKE GROUP OF BARROWS.
Here Mrs. Cunnington discoursed on the various types of barrows
found in Wiltshire, of which there were examples of almost all
Within sight. Professor Sayce then called attention to the fact
that the “cylindrical notched beads” found in many of the Bronze
Age barrows of Wiltshire, of which there are a number of examples
in the Society’s Museum, are identical, as he believed, with similar
beads found in Egypt with remains of the end of the 18th and
early part of the 19th Dynasty, and only with remains of this
period, so that they could be dated roughly about 1300 B.C. He
thought that the Wiltshire beads certainly came from Egypt, and
that they gave a date within fifty or a hundred years for the barrows
in which they were found. The Egyptian beads were of steatife or
faience, and he contended that the Wiltshire beads were wrongly
spoken off as being of glass. The Rev. E. H. Goddard, however,
said that no steatite beads had been found in Wiltshire, and that
the substance of which the Wiltshire beads were made resembled
glass rather than faience.
Rejoining the motors the company reached STONEHENGE at
12.15. Here the President spoke first outside the cirele. He
‘thought the “blue stones” were certainly foreign to the district,
they might have come from Brittany or the Channel Isles, or
possibly from Wales—though he did not know that all the types
of stone had been identified in Wales. He thought that the temple
Thursday, August 14th 445
was in ruins and the cult with which it was connected forgotten
in the prehistoric Iron Age. The Rev. W. Done Bushell spoke on
Sir Norman Lockyer’s theory of fixing the date by the orientation
of the structure. It was a gallant attempt, but really it was a
forlorn hope, for it was not possible to fix the actual central line
of the building and the avenue with sufficient accuracy to determine
the date. The President would have none of Sir Norman Lockyer’s
theory, and as to the conclusion arrived at by Dr. Gowland on the
strength of the rude flint “implements” supposed to have been
used in shaping the stones, he could not see that they were neces-
sarily Neolithic, and there was at least one small stain of bronze
found. Sir Henry Howorth spoke strongly against accepting the
orientation theories of Sir Norman Lockyer, they could not be taken
seriously.
Inside the circle the Rev. HE. H. Goddard described the structure
and spoke of the debt which archeologists owed to Sir Edmund
Antrobus for his care of the monument. He dissented from
Professor Judd’s view that the “blue stones” may have been de-
rived from erratics on Salisbury Plain itself, and in this he was
supported by the President. The President commenting on the
fact that Dr, Gowland’s excavations had proved that the sarsens
were erected from the inside, and therefore the “blue stones”
could not have’ been standing at the time, said that he accepted
this conelusion, but it did not affect his belief that in the “blue
stones” we have the original sacred circle.
- On leaving Stonehenge the party made for Amesbury, where
lunch awaited them, and then proceeded to OLD SARUM, where
Dr. W. H. St. John Hope, who in conjunetion with Col. Hawley
is in command of the excavations, explained the general features
of the Castle and its earthworks. He said it was doubtful whether
the site was really that of Sorbiodunum, he thought possibly the
Roman settlement might not have been on the hill, where scarcely
anything Roman had been found in the excavations, but perhaps
on the west side of it, at or near Stratford. There was some
evidence that before the Norman conquest the area was divided
into two by a cross bank and ditch, but this was destroyed by the
2G 2
446 The Sixtieth General Meeting.
throwing up of the inner bank in Norman times. This was de-
fended originally by a timber palisade, succeeded afterwards by a
continuous wall of masonry. At the entrance was a large and
important gatehouse with the parish church of the Holy Cross over
it. The western gateway, on the other hand, was a mere archway
through the wall. Dr. Hope spoke strongly against the action of
the County Council, who had acquired grass land just outside the
fortifications and proposed to break it up for allotments, &c. This
ought to be permanently prevented or great disfigurement of the
monument would result. Inside the Castle Col. Hawley described
the various portions excavated. Dr. St. John Hope said the Castle
was in ruins in the middle of the 15th century, and was finally
destroyed in 1514, only ruins being left, as seen by Leland. The
party then proceeded to the site of the Cathedral Church, which
was described by Dr. St. John Hope. He said that the Council of
London in 1051, selected Old Sarum as one of the places to which
bishops’ sees were to be moved. Therefore there must then have
heen standing a Church of sufficient importance for the see to be
transferred to it. .The Norman Church which succeeded the Saxon
building was begun by Bishop Herman and finished by Bishop
Osmund in 1091. This Church the day after the hallowing of the
high altar was struck by lightning and burnt. How far it was
destroyed we do not know, but there was a Church of considerable
interest in existence about 1140, the proof of which lay in the
moulded and sculptured stones they had found in the excavations.
In 1220 the Cathedral of New Sarum was founded and twelve
years later it was sufficiently completed for the clergy to move
away from the old Church. The complete destruction of the old
Cathedral, however, did not take place until much later. A license
of 1276 refers to a grant to the Bishop, Dean, and Chapter of
the remains of the Bishop’s Palace and Canons’ houses at Old Sarum,
and in 1331 a charter of Edward III. grants to the Dean and
Chapter license “to have of our gift all the stone walls of the
former Cathedral Church of Old Sarum, and of the houses that
were formerly those of the Bishop and Canons . . . for the
repair of their Church of New Sarum and the enclosure of the
ren SS ee ee
—P
‘Thursday, August 14th, 447
precinct of the said Church.” The carved stones built into the
Close wall are part of the material then removed. The only con-
dition attached to the grant was that the.Dean and Chapter must
maintain and keep in order the Chapel of Our Lady at Old Sarum,
and in the Liberate Rolls of 1246 there is an entry for its repair.
It was still standing in Leland’s time.
Leaving Old Sarum at 4.50 the motors made for Amesbury, and
after tea there left for Devizes, which was reached exactly at 7
o'clock, in accordance with the programme.
In the evening at 8.45 the Cambrian Association held their
annual business meeting in the Town Hall whilst the general meet-
ing of the Wilts Society took place in the Council Chamber, Mrs.
Cunnington being in the chair. At the former a formal vote of
thanks to the local secretary, Mr. B. H. Cunnington, “for the ad-
mirable arrangements he had so successfully carried out” was
passed. A similar vote of thanks was passed at the Wiltshire
meeting, The officers of the Society were re-elected. The annual
report was read by the Hon Secretary,and other business transacted.
Dr. Waylen brought forward the question of the proposed re-casting
of the entire peal of bells at S. Mary’s, Devizes. He wished to
support the action of the committee of the Society in the protest
which they had already made against the proposed destruction of
the bells. He therefore proposed the following resolution!:—“That
this meeting of the Members of the Wilts Archeological Society
desires to endorse the action of their Committee in protesting against
the melting of the old Wiltshire-cast bells in the;Parish Church of
S. Mary, Devizes, and the proposed substitution of a new peal.” The
Rey. EH. H. Goddard seconded the resolution. He read a letter
from Mr, J. Llewellin, one of the churchwardens, in which he said
“my committee say, we will not continue the use of our tower as
a museum for impossible bells.” Mr: Goddard said that this was
precisely the argument which was used fifty years ago as warrant-
ing the destruction of all sorts of Church furniture which did not
happen to fall in with the tastes of the moment. Such destruction
1 A full report of what was said at the meeting on this matter appeared
in the Wiltshire Gazette, August 31st, 1913.
448 The Siatieth General Meeting.
was now bitterly deplored by everybody without exception and
would be impossible at the present day. Now the same thing was
happening to Church bells. The resolution was passed and it was
left to the Hon. Secretary to take any further steps in the matter.
THE ANNUAL REPORT.
The Committee beg to present the sixtieth annual report of the
Society :—
Members.—The Society, on July 5th, 1913, had 373 Members
(13 life and 360 Annual Members), against 379 at the same date
in 1912, a decrease of 6 during the year. The losses were 21 by
resignation’ of membership and 138 by death (4 Life Members and 9
Annual Members), 34 in all; whilst 26 new Members were elected
(2 life and 24 Annual Members). Among the losses by death are
an unusual number of distinguished names—Lord Avebury, Lord
Pembroke, Lord Nelson, and the Rt. Hon. George Wyndham. The
Rev. H. A. Olivier also had long been a Vice-President of the
Society.
Finance.— Owing to the circumstance that the two numbers of
the Magazine (117 and 118), the latter including the index to the
volume, were both of them expensive numbers, and that the pay-
ment for the printing of Part IL. of the Catalogue of Antiquities in
the Museum, issued in 1911, fell in the year 1912, together with
the fact that the last instalment (£50) of the Society’s debt of
£200 to Mr. W. Heward Bell has been repaid, the balance stand-
ing to the credit of the general fund on December 31st, 1912, was
only £24 4s. as against £108 15s. 34d. on December 31st, 1911.
The £50 mentioned above has been borrowed from the General
Fund, and will be gradually repaid to this fund from the Museum
enlargement fund, to which the rent of the caretaker’s house is
credited, as it becomes due.
The Museum Maintenance Fund showed a balance on December
31st, 1912, of £17 3s, 6d., against £5 15s. 9d. at the end of 1911,
and the Life Membership Account a balance of £71 10s. 3d. against
£67 3s. 8d. at the same date.
;
SaaS
The Annual Report. 449
The Museum Maintenance Fund received from subscriptions,
sale of duplicate books, admissions to Museum, etc., during the
year 1912 a total of £64 8s. 9d.
In addition to these funds, extra subscriptions to the amount of
£95 for the raising of the Avebury stones and £10 for the pur-
chase of the chest for the Museum, were raised during the year.
The Society has now no outstanding debt.
The Museum and Library.—A considerable number of gifts to
the Museum have been received during the year, which have been
acknowledged in the Magazine, amongst the most notable being
the old colours and banner of the Royal Wilts Yeomanry, placed
in the Museum with the special case made to contain them by Mr.
G. Ll. Palmer. A large number of specimens of pottery and other
antiquities, the result of various excavations by the Curator and
Mrs. Cunnington, have also been placed in the museum during the
year. A remarkable iron-bound chest from Upavon, probably
once a church chest in that neighbourhood, was purchased for £10
for the museum, the whole of the cost being contributed by 20
_ subscribers. The work of binding the early Wiltshire newspapers
has been continued, the catalogues of books and prints have been
brought up-to-date, a new catalogue of the Society’s collection of
portraits has been compiled, and one new scrap book of portraits
and two of prints have been completed during the year and
placed in the library. The offer of a large collection of oil
_ paintings of Stonehenge by the late Edgar Barclay, kindly made
to the Society by his sister, Mrs. Beet Irving, had to be reluctantly
declined, owing to lack of room to display them at the Museum,
_ and the pictures have found a home in the new Salisbury Art
Gallery.
Excavations—A good deal of digging has been done during the
" year in the county. The work at Old Sarum has been steadily
continued, and the foundations of the Cathedral and the buildings
in its neighbourhood have been laid bare. Mr. and Mrs. Cunnington
completed their work at Casterley Camp last autumn, and the
account of their labours is printed in the number of the Magazine
| just issued. “Dwelling Pits” at Wilsford and at Winterbourne
450 The Siatieth General Meeting.
Monkton Down have been found and cleared out, and an interment
in connection with a sarsen stone near the Kennet avenue has been
examined by the same excavators. The finding and uncovering of
the foundations of the old “Coople Church” in a field between
Keevil and Steeple Ashton by Lieut. Chamberlaine is a curious
verification of an old tradition, and opens up various points of
interest. By the kindness of Mr. J. H. Saddler, the Rev. E. H.
Goddard was enabled to examine a portion of the site of a Saxon
cemetery at the Fox, Purton. _
The Raising of the Fallen Stones at Longstone Cove and vn the
Kennet Avenue—tThis was the most important work undertaken
by the Society during the past year, and it proved unexpectedly
costly, amounting to £95 in all, provided by the subscriptions of
’ some sixty-five Members of the Society, assisted by grants from
the Society of Antiquaries and the Marlborough College Natural
History Society. An account of the work and of the interesting
discovery of an interment close to the great stone at Longstone
Cove by Mr. and Mrs, Cunnington is given in the current number
of the Magazine (W.A.M., xxxviii., 1).
Publications.—During the year 1912 Nos, 117 and 118 of the
Magazine were issued to Members, the latter number completing
volume xxxvil., and containing a very full index of 65 pages.
The usual intalment of the Waltshire Inquesitiones Post Mortem
(Part IV.) was also issued to Members. The Society has to thank
Mr, G. Ll. Palmer, Mr. R. S. Newall, the Rev. H. G. O. Kendall,
and the Rev. E. H. Goddard for contributions towards the cost of
plates illustrating papers in the Magazine.
Church and Churchyard Inscriptions.—The Society has to thank
the Rev. J. F. D. Stephens and Mr, H. G. Cooper, of Highworth,
for MS. copies of the monumental inscriptions in the Churches
and churehyards of Highworth and Sevenhampton, and the Non-
conformist chapel and graveyard at Highworth.
Annual Meeting—The Meeting at Devizes in 1912 under the
careful superintendence of Mr.B, H. Cunnnington as Local Secretary
was a very successful one, and resulted in the considerable balance
of £19 16s. being handed over to the Society. Mr. Cunnington
Friday, August 15th. 451
has again this year undertaken the onerous task of acting as Local
Secretary for the more extended combined meeting of the Cambrian
Society with our own, and there is every indication that under his
experienced management the combined meeting of the two Societies
in 1913 will be equally successful.
FRIDAY, AUGUST 15rn.
The morning was spent in seeing Devizes. At ST. JOHN’S and
ST. MARY’S Churches Mr. H. Brakspear, F.S.A., acted as guide,
as alsoat BROWNSTON HOUSE. GREYSTONE HOUSE was
thrown open by the Mayor and Mayoress, and THE CASTLE, by
kind permission of Lady Rich, was shown by Mr. W. H. Butcher,
whilst a considerable number of the visitors availed themselves of
the opportunity of spending some time at the Museum.
At ST. JOHN’S Mr. Brakspear dismissed the belief that the
Church was built by Bishop Roger, the builder of the Castle, as a
mere legend, on the ground that the transept arches of the tower
are pointed, and called attention to the fact that at some time or
other the south-east pier of the tower had collapsed and brought
down nearly the whole of the south and most of the west side of
the tower. The evidence of this is chiefly to be seen on the inside,
on the outside it had been rebuilt with very great care. He sug-
gested that this took place in the 17th century.
BROWNSTON HOUSE, visited by kind permission of the
Misses Milman, has the date 1720 on the rain water heads. The
house itself is traditionally ascribed to Sir Christopher Wren.
GREYSTONE HOUSE has a fine staircase and plaster ceiling
over it, as well as good panelling. Richard Flower occupied a
house on this site in 1603. . His granddaugliter married a Locke
of Rowdeford, and their descendants sold the house in 1714 to
James Sutton, of Devizes, clothier, for £350. Apparently James
Sutton pulled the existing building down and built the present
house in 1731. His son, Prince Sutton, was High Sheriff of Wilts
in 1762, and was one of the leaders in the violent attack by the
mob on the house next door, when Charles Wesley stayed there in
452 The Sixtieth General Meeting.
February, 1748. He died 1779, and his son, James Sutton, was
M.-P. for Devizes from 1765 to 1774, and High Sheriff in 1785.
Mr. W. H. Butcher read an interesting paper on the history of
the CASTLE
In the afternoon a special train conveyed the party to BRAD-
FORD-ON-AVON. On their arrival, at 2.11 p-m., they proceeded
at once to the TITHE BARN, which was described by Mr. A.
W. N. Burder, F.S.A. and from thence walked to THE HALL, the
exterior of which was inspected by kind permission of Mr. John
Moulton, whose father bought the house and extensively restored
it in 1840. Mr. Brakspear pointed out that although almost the
whole of the visible exterior is actually modern, it was a faithful
copy of the original work, so far as was possible from the indications
remaining of it when the work was taken in hand.
At the SAXON CHURCH Mr. A. W. N. Burder discoursed to
a portion of the audience inside whilst the Rev. E. H, Goddard
_ read his notes on the exterior to an overflow meeting outside. Mr
Burder drew attention to the narrow chancel arch with socket
holes under the abacus, apparently for a pair of small gates, and a
cutting in the arch immediately above the abacus for a beam seems
to suggest that the tympanum was originally filled in. The doorway
in the north porch is out of the centre to allow, it is supposed, of
an altar against the east wall as at Bishopstone, Sussex, and Escombe,
Durham. ‘The jambs of the arches and doorways have pilaster
strip work, which is a feature of late Saxon work, seen at Brigstock,
Earls Barton, and Barnack, Churches believed to be of the same
period as Bradford, and also in the later Churches of Wittering
and Diddlebury. Mr. Burder knew of no instance of this strip
work recorded in Churches of an earlier date. The two sculptured
angels over the chancel arch with napkins over their arms are not
in their original position. They were lower down on either side of
a crucifix which has disappeared. As to the date of the building :
originally in 1857 Canon Jones and all the other authorities were
of opinion from a study of its style that the Church belonged to
the 10th or 11th century, until in 1871 Canon Jones came across
1 Printed in full in Wiltshire Gazette, Aug. 28th, 1913.
Friday, August 15th. 7 453
the following passage in William of Malmesbury’s “ Gesta Ponti-
ticum ” :—“ Moreover, a general opinion has grown up that a third
monastery was erected by St. Aldhelm at Bradford . . . And
there remains to this day in that place a little Church, which he is
said to have erected to the name of St. Lawrence. However both
the monasteries of Frome and Bradford have altogether disappeared,
and there remains only the empty name.” St. Aldhelm died in
709. William of Malmesbury says the Church remained whilst
the monastery had disappeared. We know that the Danes raided
these parts long after St. Aldhelm’s time, and it is improbable that
they would destroy the monastery and yet leave the Church
standing. In 1001 Ethelred gave the manor of Bradford and the
monastery which had perhaps been rebuilt with the Church on its
original site by Edgar or Ethelred, to the Abbess of Shaftesbury,
that the nuns might there have a safe refuge from the Danes, and
the bones of St. Edward and other saints might be preserved there.
On the restoration of peace the nuns were to return to Shaftesbury.
but some were to remain at Bradford if it should be thought fit.
Probably the abbess decided against continuing to use the small
monastery at Bradford and it was abandoned and had disappeared
by 1125, when William of Malmesbury wrote, leaving the Church
standing, This seems not to have been used as a Chureh during
the Middle Ages, and the nave is described in old deeds as a skull
house, which suggests that during the Middle Ages it was used as
a charnel house and so may have escaped alteration or destruction,
If it had been used as a Church continuously it would surely have
been altered. Judging from the style the building appears to date
between 959 and 1000. It is probable that the S. porch—now
destroyed—possessed no external doorway, for the ground at this
point was formerly 5 or 6ft. below the present level, and conse-
quently some ten to twelve steps would be necessary between the
floor of the Church and the ground. The appearance of the Church
on this side would thus be much loftier than at present, and the
windows in nave and chancel much higher from the ground, as we
should expect, for defence and safety. “The walls stand ona
square plinth, and are divided in the lower part by pilasters into
454 The Siztieth General Meeting.
panels. This is continuous round the entire building, which has the
appearance of having been all erected at one time. The pilasters
clasp the angles and rise from a second plinth, some of them standing
on stepped bases. Above the pilasters is a square string-course,
upon which rests a slightly-recessed arcade with rounded arches ;
this runs round the entire Church, except that in the porch, the
walls of which are lower, the round arches are omitted, the small
pilasters stopping under a tabling. I want particularly to call
your attention to the amount of forethought shown in this part of
the building, an evidence of a practised hand and evincing a con-
siderable amount of skill. Upon the square string is a narrow
course forming the base, then a filling of large stones, and another
narrow course forming the cap. These continue at the same level
round the entire building. Between this base and cap are wall
pilasters, and above aré semicircular arches, but the wall appears
to have been built flat, and the arcade to have been made by re-
cessing the space between the pilasters and under the arches, yet
the narrow cap and base stones referred to show that this arcade
was part of the original intention of the designer. There is no
haphazard or chance about it, but a preconceived design. If we
regard the face of the pilaster as the main face of the wall the cap
projects beyond it, and would when first built have the appearance
of a second string of less projection, Further, the pilasters, though
generally cut out of wider stones, are in some cases, on the east
end of the chancel, for instance, of just the width required, the
vertical joints do not come on the pilasters, showing that the position
of the pilasters was thought out before erection, just as the cap and
base courses were. Several of the vertical joints of the masonry,
it will be observed, are not upright, nor are the horizontal joints
level. It is clear from the width of the stones and the positions
of the joints that the enrichment of the wall surface by this arcade
is coeval with the walls. The fact thus established has a bearing
on the debated question of the date of the building. Some idea of
the probable date of the arcading, and'consequently of the entire
building, may be gained by comparing it with the arcading on the
interior of the central tower of Dunham Magna Church, Norfolk,
—
Friday, August 15th. 455
a late Saxon Church, The arcade is on a larger scale at Dunham
Magna and not so well finished. While speaking of the enrich-
ments I would point out the beading of the pilasters of the arcade
on the east end of the nave, chancel, and on the north gable of
porch. This beading is begun on the north-east corner pilaster of
the chancel but is unfinished, showing that the decorating was done
after the walls were built and was suddenly left off. There is no
evidence as to how the pilasters in the gables were finished, as the
copings and stones of the upper part of the gables have been renewed,
but possibly they were finished by stilted arches. I would call your
attention to the fineness of the mortar joints, some of the original
may be seen on the south side of the chancel; where they are wider
it is owing to the movement of the building eastward
There is no long-and-short work in the building. This was in vogue
at the date to which we attribute the building; its presence would
have been conclusive evidence of late date, but its absence is no
evidence of early date. Long-and-short work is more often found
in buildings where the walling is of an inferior material to the
wrought stone dressings or angles, and its use appears to be for
bonding purposes, but here, where there is an abundance of ex-
cellent stone, and where there are pilasters clasping the angles,
there is neither the use nor the opportunity for long-and-short
work}
Sir Henry Howorth also gave an address on the building. He
thought it certain that no Church of this character could have been
built in the South of England, which was then very much behind
the North in wealth and advancement, before the Danish invasions.
St. Aldhelm no doubt built a small and modest Church here, which
was probably rebuilt at the end of the 10th or beginning of the
11th century on the same site. Mr. H. Brakspear agreed as to the
late date of the building. He maintained that the date was cir. 1001.
On leaving the Church the party made their way to Beleombe
Court, where Mr. and Mrs. Burder most hospitably entertained
them at tea in a tent pitched just outside the beautiful garden.
1 Mr. Burder’s notes are printed in full in Archeologia Cambrensis, 6th
Series, xiv., 188—194. ;
456 The Sixtieth General Meeting.
After tea a special train leaving Bradford at 6,5 brought the party
back to Devizes at 6.35.
At 8 p.m. an Evening Meeting was held in the Town Hall, when
the Rev. H. G. O. Kendall read a paper on “ The Flint Implements
of Wiltshire” and exhibited many flints in illustration of it, dwelling
especially on the possibility of classifying the Paleeolithic flints
according to the ideas of the French archeologists, and other
evidence of age afforded by different degrees of patination. Sir
Henry Howorth, in criticising the paper, felt that a protest should
be made against the course on which prehistoric archeology seemed
to be entering under the leadership of Dr. Sturge, Mr. Reginald
Smith, and others, Mr. Kendall allowed a million years for the
Plateau flints, and 240,000 years for the river drift implements.
He did not believe there was the slightest evidence for these apalling
periods. He objected, also, to the classification of the age of
Paleolithic flints merely by the difference in their forms. The
President, Professor Boyd Dawkins, did not believe that it was
possible in dealing with the Paleolithic implements from the river
drifts of Wiltshire, or elsewhere in England, to do more than group
them into one great period of human culture. He could not regard
colour and patination as evidence of age; in his view such evidence
was of no value at all. As to the glacial deposits, he knew of no
trace of such south of a line between Bristol and London. As to
beds of gravel at very high levels, such as that at Knowle Farm
Pit, it did not follow that such beds must have been laid down at
the bottom of valleys. The gravel at Knowle might have been
left behind on the slope when the percolation of water had carried
away the softer debris to the lower lands. Mr. Kendall replied,
defending his reliance on patination as a proof of age, and main-
taining that the Knowle flints can be classified according to the
French system and that the different classes do represent different
ages, in spite of their being often found together.
SATURDAY, AUGUST 16th.
This was an extra day’s excursion, as the majority of members
of both Societies had to leave for home. About fifty members,
Saturday, August 16th, 457
however, left the Market Place at 9 a.m. in three brakes for
OLIVER’S CAMP, which was visited under the guidance of Mrs.
Cunnington, who explained the results of the excavations carried
out by Mr Cunnington and herself.
Mr. Albany Major thought the ditch must have been filled up
in order to facilitate the storming of the rampart during an attack
on the Camp, but Mrs. Cunnington pointed out the unreasonable-
ness of this supposition and contended that it was more likely to
have been done deliberately in later times for some agricultural
purpose.
From the Camp the brakes took the party to BISHOPS CAN-
NINGS CHURCH, where the Rev. H. G. O. Kendall acted as guide
and brought them back to Devizes by 1 o’clock, and so one of the most
memorable Archeological Meetings ever held in the County came
to an end. The total numbers attending at some point of the pro-
_ gramme were 110 Cambrians and 71 Wiltshire members, and
though on several of the excursions considerably less than this
total were present, at Old Sarum on the other hand, counting local
people who assembled to meet the Societies, probably not less than
250 were present, a larger number probably than has ever attended
any Archeological excursion in the county before. In spite, how-
ever, of the difficulty of conveying such a large number from
place to place, time was kept. to the minute throughout the pro-
ceedings, and Mr. B. H. Cunnington, upon whom the whole weight
of the arrangements for the meeting fell, well deserved the praises
which he received both from members of our own Society and from
the Welshmen upon his admirable organisation, in the carrying
_ out of which he was greatly aided by Mr. Sandell, who acted as
his lieutenant throughout this highly successful meeting. The
profits of the meeting were shared in due proportion between the
two Societies, our own share amounting to £6 8s, 4d.
458
MALMESBURY ABBEY2
By Harotp BRAKSPEAR, F.S.A.
The once rich and mitred abbey of Malmesbury has provided a
subject for many writers, and the remains of its church a model
for artists and draughtsmen, but no one seems to have combined
description and drawing to explain the history of this building.
The writer, having been engaged professionally for many years
upon the repairs of the church, has had exceptional opportunities
for the study of the structure, and although much of necessity has
been said before, some little fresh matter has been brought to
hight.
HisToRY oF THE MONASTERY,
Malmesbury stands on a steep hill surrounded by the waters of
Avon and Newnton brook, save for a narrow neck to the north-west.
In ancient days it must have been wellnigh impregnable, for the
low-lying ground on all sides would have been impassable swamp.
This natural stronghold was doubtless from the earliest time oc-
cupied for human habitation, though no direct evidence of such
occupation has been found. In Roman days it seems to have been
neglected, though the great north road from Bath passed within
two miles of it, and there was a small station at Brockenburgh
and a villa at Easton Grey.
About the year 640 an Irish teacher named Maeldubh settled
here and founded a school and small church. He gained great
repute, and Ina, king of Wessex, sent his nephew Aldhelm to study
under him. Aldhelm became head of the school in 676, and from
his time the importance of Malmesbury began.
Aldhelm converted the school into an Abbey under regular rule.
He enlarged the old church of Maeldubh and hallowed it in honour
1 Reprinted from Archeologia, Ixiv., 399, by permission of the Society
of Antiquaries, by whom the blocks illustrating the paper are lent. The
author has made certain additions to the paper which did not appear in
Archeologia.
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IG. 22.—South porch, inner doorway, before repairs.
Fic. 23.—South porch, detail of east side of outer arch.
‘Opis ySe9 uO sotjsody ‘yorod yjnos—‘r2 “S14
—
3g
iG. 26.—Procession doorway from cloister.
|
i]
4
:
By Haroid, Brakspear, F.S.A. 459
of the Holy Saviour, St. Peter, and St. Paul, and placed, the dwelling
for the monks adjacent.!. He built not far off a new church of St.
_ Mary, and another contiguous to it to St. Michael.”
In 705, upon the death of Hedda, bishop of Wessex, Ina divided
the extensive see of Winchester and established a bishopric at
Sherborne, to which he appointed his relative Aldhelm.? Aldhelm
carried on his capacity for building in his new sphere by beginning
_ the cathedral at Sherborne* and founding monasteries at Frome
and Bradford-on-Avon.> Aldhelm died in 709 at Doulting, and
his body was conveyed by easy stages to the scene of his first labours
at Malmesbury, where it was buried in the church of St. Michael,.
which he had built. The monks were then removed from Christ
Church to St. Mary’s, to be nearer the body of their founder.® .—
ey King Ethelwolf (837) caused the bones of St. Aldhelm to be
placed in a silver shrine.” A fire occurred in the time of King
Alfred which burnt the monastery, and King Athelstan is said to
have rebuilt it from the foundations. The shrine of St. Aldhelm
was moved by Dunstan (955) to St, Mary’s. He gave a pair of
‘ “organs to the church, and later, for fear of the Danes, caused the
relics of St. Aldhelm to be taken from the shrine and placed in a
grave on the north side of the altar.®
King Athelstan gave lands to the monastery, and at his death
; in 941 was buried under the altar of St. Mary in the tower.!? Abbat
‘Elfrie (9'77—82) rebuilt the monastery." He appears also to have
rebuilt the church.2 He was appointed to the see of Crediton in
977. A second fire destroyed the monastery in 1042.¥
Herman, the last Bishop of Wilton, built a bell tower at Malmes-
bury, and, dissatisfied with his residence, tried to induce the king
(Edward the Confessor), whose chaplain he had been, to remove
‘the see to Malmesbury, but the idea was frustrated by the abbat.
and monks through the powerful influence of Earl Godwin.
1 William of Malmesbury (Rolls Series, 52), p. 345. 2 [bed, p. 361.
3 Ibid, p. 375. 4 Thid, p. 378.
5 Thid, p. 346. °Jbid, p. 385. * bid, p. 389. * Lbad, p. 364. ° Lbid, pp. 407-8.
0 Tbid, p. 397. U Tbid, p. 405. 2 Bohn’s Antig. Libr., p. 139.
aS fe iia of Malmesbury, p. 363. 44 Leland Collectanea, i., 301.
16 William of Malmesbury, p. 420.
VOL, XXXVIII.—NO. CXXI. 2H
460 - Malmesbury Abbey.
The Norman invasion affected Malmesbury but little, save that —
the Saxon abbat was deposed, and a foreigner, Thorold of Fécamp,
instituted in his stead. Thorold, being removed to Peterborough
in 1070, was sueceeded by Warin de Lyra, who replaced the relics
of St. Aldhelm in their shrine He also enlarged St. Michael’s
church, and caused the reputed relics of Saxon saints which were
contained in vessels on either side of the altar to be buried.
In 1118 Roger, the domineering bishop of Sarum and chancellor
of England, seized the abbey for his own use, and built a castle at
Malmesbury to keep the monks in subjection.2 The site of the
castle was apparently near the east gate of the town, though various
writers have placed it at the west gate, forgetting that the cemetery
which it is said to have encroached upon was that of tlhe monks to
the east of the church, and not the present parish churchyard.
Roger died in 1139 and the monastery regained its rights, which
are contained at length in an exemplification of Pope Innocent II., —
dated x kal. Junii 1142.3 ;
It is reasonable to suppose that, upon the restitution of the —
revenues to the abbey, the building of the great church, of which
the present is a fragment, was contemplated. William of Malmes-
bury, the historian and inmate of the convent, wrote just before
his death in 1143:
“The spacious structure of the larger church was standing, and in size
and beauty exceeded any other religious edifice in England.” 4
This clearly shows that the new church was not begun, but it may
be imagined that the statement, considering that such churches as —
Winchester, Tewkesbury, and Gloucester were completed, was
made in antagonism to the proposal by one who loved the old order
of things. The new church at Malmesbury would be started at
es aie ee an eet
the east end in the usual manner and continued gradually westward.
King John, just before his death in 1216, granted to the abbat
and convent “the place in which is situated the castle of Malmes-
bury, with leave to pull down the buildings and erect others at
their will.” ®
! William of Malmesbury, p. 424. > Bohn’s Antig. Libr. p. 505.
3 Registrum Malmesburiense (Rolls Series, 1880), i., 352.
‘ William of Malmesbury, p. 361. 5 Reg. Malmes, i., 340.
By Harold Brakspear, FSA. 461
Owing apparently to the-influx of pilgrims to St. Aldhelm’s
shrine in the thirteenth century the presbytery was lengthened
eastward, which work encroaching on the cemetery doubtless
caused the building of the charnel for the reception of the disturbed
bones. This was endowed with land at Fowleswick in 1267 for a
chaplain, and a house was given for his use in Hast Street.!
William of Colerne became abbat in 1260, and died in 1296.
He was a great benefactor to the convent, and during his abbacy
caused to be made (1) a hall, with kitchen, larder, and a camera,
next his garden; (2) the carpenter’s shop with two houses; (3) the
dorter to be remodelled ; (4) the chapter-house to be re-modelled ;
(5) a garner next the bakehouse; (6) a new brewhouse; (7) a new
forge; (8) a poor house and stables; (9) a mill; (10) the chapel of
St. Aldhelm in the garden; and (11) a new infirmary.? In 1284
the water-pipes to the offices of the abbey were put down, and
water first flowed into the lavatory on St. Martin’s Day. The
expense of laying on the water from Newnton was £1002
In the fourteenth century the central tower was raised and a
high spire added, vaulting was put to the transepts and nave, and
the clearstories were remodelled. Quite at the end of the century
4 square tower was built over the two western bays of the nave.
In the fifteenth century a new building was erected over the
south aisle of the nave, and the alleys of the cloister were re-built
and vaulted.
William Worcester, a native of Bristol, visited Malmesbury in
the fifteenth century, and, as was his custom, stepped the principal
sizes of the church, which steps, judging by dimensions which can
be tested, are tolerably accurate and work out at about 194in4
1 Reg. Malmes., ii., 123, 125.
2 [bid, ii. 365 (see Appendix I.).
’ Thid, ii. 361. ““Expensae circa conductum aquae. In aqua ducta ad
Officinas abbathiae per conductum anno Domini M°CC octogesimo quarto
et anno regni regis H. xii. Et die Sancti Martini annis supradictis primo
fluebat in lavarium, c. Jz.” - :
4 Ttinerartum Willelmi Botoner (Cambridge, 1778), p. 83. At Tintern he
says, “Mem. quod 24 steppys sive gressus mei faciunt 12 virgas. Item 50
virgae faciunt 85 gradus sive steppys meos.” An average of these two
values seems about the correct unit.
2-H 2
462 | Malmesbury Abbey.
His notice of Malmesbury is as follows:
Longitudo tocius ecclesiae monasterii Sancti Adelmi de Malmesbery
cum choro continet 172 gressus meos (2793 ft.).
_ Latitudo ejus continet 42 gressus (683 ft).
Longitudo capellaeBeatae Mariae in orientali continet 30 gressus(482ft.). -
Latitudo capellae ejusdem continet 14 gressus (223 ft.).
Longitudo claustri ex omni parte continet quodlibet claustrum 64 gressus
ane navis ecclesiae principalis ultra alas continet 22 presse
(35 ft.).?
Until a short time ago these dimensions were all that was known
of the sizes of the eastern parts of the church, but now these have
been checked by the discovery of certain foundations, in the trenches
of the stable buildings erected on part of the site of the south aisle
of the presbytery, which will be described in their place.
The great and rich monastery of Malmesbury was the last in
Wiltshire to fall under the Suppression by Henry VIII. It was —
surrendered by the abbat and twenty-one monks on 15th December,
1539, and its annual value at that time was £830 1s. 34d. clear,
The abbat was pensioned with 200 marks a year, and a house —
with a garden in Bristol, The monks had pensions varying from :
£13 6s. 8d. to £6 a year.” Fourteen years after only six survived, 5
four of whom were married.?
The site and buildings were committed to the care of Sir Edward
Baynton, of Bromham, and of these certain were appointed to —
remain undefaced and others were deemed to be SETH DOTS Of |
the former were—
The late abbat’s lodging, with the new lodging adjoining, the kitchen,
buttery, and pantry, with the lodging over the same. The late abbat’s —
stable, the wool house, the barn at the spital gate. The gatehouse .
which: encloseth the inner court, and the gatehouse which encloseth the —
outer court.
The buildings deemed superfluous were committed to the custody .
_
of William Stump, deputy of Sir Edward Baynton, and consisted
of —
The church, cloister, and chapel adjoining.
1 Ttinerarium Willelmi Botoner (Cambridge, 1778), p. 283.
2 Wilts Arch. Mag., xxviii., 318; Mon. Ang., i., 256.
5 An History of the Mitred Pariiamentary Abbies, Brow Willis (Londony 7
1718), i., 140. =
By Harold Brakspear, PS.A. 463
The dormitory, chapter-house, frater, barbery, infirmary, with all the
lodgings to them adjoining.
The cellarer’s chamber, the squire’s chamber, St. Mary’s house, the
charnel, the convent kitchen.
All the houses in the sextry end, the steward’s lodging, the store
house, the slaughter house, the guests’ stable, and all other houses in
the outer court.!
The first of these were’ the chief buildings round the cloister,
with the infirmary to the east. The cellarer’s chamber and con-
vent kitchen were to the north-west of the cloister. Saint Mary’s
house and the charnel were the house and chapel of the priests of
the charnel, in the abbey cemetery.
The church, quire, aisles, and steeples, the frater, chapter house,
our Lady’s chapel, and the abbat’s lodging were each covered with
lead, which was estimated at 120 foders, and in the steeples were
nine bells,
There was one “miter garnished with silver gilt, small pearls
amd counterset stones,” reserved to the king’s use, together with
574 ounces of silver, silver parcel gilt, and white silver. Other
ornaments had already been sold for £208 13s. 4d?
Whether the demolition of the church and other buildings
“deemed to be superfluous” was begun immediately upon the
Suppression or not it is impossible to say.
Owing to the fact that “the parish church of St. Paul is fallen
even unto the ground,” William Stump, in whose custody was the
abbey, gave to the parishioners the nave of the abbey church to be
used for their parish church, and license to this effect was granted
by Archbishop Cranmer at Lambeth, 20 August, 1541.3
It was not till three years after that the site of the buildings
and lands in Rodbourne, Brinkworth, and other places were formally
granted to this same William Stump, who is styled “generosus,”
for the consideration of the sum of £1516 15s. 24d.,4 saving the
bells, and the lead of the roof, gutters, and windows, In the
1 Aug. Of. Mis. Book, 494 (see Appendix II.).
2 Aug. Of. Mis. Book, 494 (see Appendix IT.).
3 Wilts Arch. Mag., i i, 249, ,
4 Rot. Pat. 36 Hen, VIII., pt. 25 m ; (ee Appendix IIT).
464 Malmesbury Abbey.
particulars attached to this grant is a list of buildings similar to
the first valuation, but with slight variations.
At-this time Malmesbury was visited by that hace
antiquary, John Leland, who relates :—*
Ther wer in thabbay Chirch Yard 3. Chirches: thabbay Chirch a
right Magnificent thing, wher were 2. Steples, one that had a mightie
high pyramis, and felle daungerusly in hominum memoria, and sins was
not reedified: it stode in the midle of the Zranseptum of the Chirch,
and was a Marke to al the Countre about. the other yet standith, a
. greate square Toure, at the West Ende of the Chirch.
The Tounes Men a late bought this Chirch of the King, and hath
made it their Paroche Chirch.
The body of the olde Paroch Chirch, standing in the West [south]
End of the Chirch Yarde, is clene taken doun. The Est Ende is con-
vertid in aulam crvicam.
The fair square Tour in the West Ende is kept for a dwelling House.
Ther was a litle Chirch joining to the South side of the Z’ranseptum
of thabby Chirch, wher sum say Joannes Scottus the Great Clerk was —
slayne about the Tyme of Alfrede King of West-Saxons of his own
Disciples thrusting and strikking hym with their Table Pointelles.
Wevers hath now lomes in this litle Chirch, but it stondith and is a
very old Pece of Work. . . ;
The hole logginges of (Habbar be now longging to one Stwmpe, an —
exceding riche Clothiar that boute them of the King. :
This Stumpe was the chef Causer & Contributer to have thabbay
Chirch made a Paroch Chirch. s
At this present tyme every Corner of the vaste Houses of Office that
belongid to thabbay be fulle of lumbes to weve Clooth yn, and this —
Stumpe entendith to make a stret or 2. for Clothiers in the bak vacant —
Ground of the Abbay that is withyn the Toune Waulles.
The western tower of the abbey must have fallen shortly after ?
Leland’s visit, and the church authorities of the time built up a :
new west wall in line with the sixth pair of pillars, and walled up ~ .
the seventh bay of the south aisle so as still to allow the south —
porch to be used as the entrance, :
Early in the seventeenth century the first known anaes of the
church was published in the Monasticon Anglicanwm, and it shows
that all four arches of the central tower were standing, and that
the building over the south aisle remained with a flat roof. The
western doorway was then complete.
John Aubrey, the Wiltshire antiquary, criticizes this drawing
! Ttinerary of John Leland (Oxford, 1744), ii., 25.
o
ae
By Harold Brakspear, FSA. 465
as “ill done,” and. adds that
When the great rejoicing was on the King’s birthday, 1660, for the
return of King Charles IJ., here were so many and so great vollies of
shot, by the inhabitants of the Hundred, that the noise so shook the
pillars of the Tower, that one pillar and the two parts above fell down
that night.!
From the end of the seventeenth century to the end of the
nineteenth the church remained without much alteration, save that
about 1830 the present seats and gallery were put up, new tracery
was inserted in the sixteenth-century west window, and the present
lath and plaster vaulting erected over the fifth and sixth bays,
- under the direction of the late Mr. Goodrich, a Bath architect.
In 1899, the building having’ in many places become dangerous
ascheme of repair was undertaken through the influence of the late
Bishop of Bristol, and carried out under the charge of the writer.
This work continued off and on for some years, but-the only real
alterations to the general appearance of the structure were the
building up of the ruinous gap in the south wall of the nave and
the repair of the two bays of the aisle beneath. While these works
were in progress excavations were made, through a grant from the
Society of Antiquaries, on the site of the south transept and quire.
but nothing was found except a small patch of tile paving, The
writer was afterwards told that when this part of the church was
in private hands there were great and ugly heaps of débris, so that,
to make it tidy, the then owner contracted with a builder to level
the ground for what he could get out of it!
Later in 1910, through the generosity of Mr. E. S. Mackirdy, the
Owner of the site of the cloister, and a small grant from the Society
of Antiquaries, further excavations were made to trace the cloister
and site of the surrounding buildings, which will be described Iater.
THE PRECINCT.
Long betore Malmesbury was walled, the monastery was es-
tablished at the northern end of the hill upon which the town
now stands. The precinct upon the hill contains about six acres,”
| ' Wiltshire Collections (Devizes, 1862), p. 255.
*The Val. Eccl. (II., p. 119) gives the area of the site that the building
extended over as six acres.
oe,
466 Malmesbury Abbey.
and with the exception of a small area running towards the north-
west, is rectangular in shape, 560 ft. from east to west by 430 ft.
from north to south (fig. 1). It was apparently entered on its
south side through a gatehouse opposite the end of the High Street.
The great church stands, almost due east and west, nearly in the
middle of the area, with the cloister to the north, but owing to the
contracted space on that side the other buildings of the abbey
spread out to the east and west.
The abbat’s house was contained within a circuit wall of its —
own, protected by a gatehouse, and was to the east of the church.
The guests’ quarters, under the charge of the cellarer, were to
the west of the cloister, and also had a gateway of entrance—the
Spital gate.
The present graveyard was always the lay folk’s cemetery, and
adjacent to it was “the Seynt Mary house with the chaundery.”
The monks’ cemetery was round the east end of the Church.
The outer court was inside the great gate, now occupied by a _
brewery and a public-house. It is recorded in 1862 that “in the ©
narrow street leading from Malmesbury Cross to the Abbey House —
there was to be seen a few years ago the arch of an entrance gate- t
way, part of the wall of which is still against a house.” 4
After 1216 the site of the castle, conaining some two and a half —
acres, was given back to the monks and the area thrown into the —
precinct. This seems to have been unbuilt upon at the Suppression,
and to be “the bak vacant ground of the Abbay that is withyn the
Toune waulles” of Leland. The land is still vacant, and a part of ©
it is called the “ Bowling Green.”
The area of the precinct outside the town walls contained some
26 acres, in which were the mill, fishponds, the vineyards, anda é
farm buildings.
Of the sites of the Saxon churches nothing definite is known.
As the first church of the monastery was hallowed in honour of
our Saviour, St. Peter and St. Paul, it probably stood on the site
of the later parish ehurch, which now bears the clipped dedication 4
of St. Paul. ;
Ve cee eae pina ad
.
4
1 Wiltshire Collections, p. 260, note. +
~
By Harold Brakspear, F.S.A. 467
The little old church noticed by Leland adjoining the south
transept was probably St. Michael’s, some traces of the original
building being noticed by William of Malmesbury. Aubrey states
but without giving an authority, that the present abbey house
occupies the site of this church.
The third church, St. Mary’s, was somewhere on the site of its
successor, the great twelfth-century church, but no trace of it has
ever been found. Nothing of Elfric’s rebuilt church is in existence
“above ground, nor does it seem to have influenced the setting out
of the later church in any way.
THE CHURCH.
The great Norman church, of which the present is a fragment,
consisted of presbytery with aisles and apsidal end, transepts with
eastern chapels, a tower over the crossing, and a nave of nine bays
with aisles and a great south porch.
The original presbytery might be expected to have followed the
west country fashion, like Gloucester, Tewkesbury, and Worcester,
of having two or three straight bays with aisles, these latter being
continued around an eastern apse with three small chapels pro-
" jecting therefrom. Nothing remains above ground to show if this
was the arrangement, but a foundation 12 ft. wide with rounded
outer face occurs at 80 ft. from the east side of the crossing, When
this is set down on plan it proves itself to have been the foundation
of the outer wall of an ambulatory end, and gives three straight
bays, of equal width to those of the nave, to the presbytery, like
Gloucester. No indications of the three chapels have been found,
but as they occurred in all other ambulatory ends it is only
reasonable to suppose that they existed here.
A fragment of the westernmost bay remains attached to the
north-east pier of the crossing, and shows that the principal lines
of the eastern arm were carried through into the nave. The main
arcade springs from a respond similar to the eastern responds of
the nave, but whether the arches were round or pointed cannot
be determined with certainty. Above the arches is a string-course
1Wiltshire Collections, p. 260.
468 Malmesbury Abbey.
of saw-tooth ornament, having a flat band of enrichment beneath —
in the form of continuous arches, The triforium had round arches
of two orders, of which the outer is ornamented with zigzag and
carried by a detached column with scalloped capital. There appear
to have been small arches as in the nave, but in this case carried —
by a single half-octagonal column. There was a string-course in
line with the springing of the crossing arches, above which is the ~
clearstory passage. In the angle next the tower pier is a double
column starting from a base at the triforium level and finishing
with a scalloped capital under the clearstory string-course, which
was doubtless repeated over each pier of the presbytery. The
original capitals clearly prove that these columns were intended to —
support vaulting, and there is little doubt that the presbytery was —
so covered from the first; but as everything is destroyed above ib —
is impossible to tell its character.
Externally the weathering over the aisle roof is in line with the —
string-course between the present clearstory windows of the nave,
and there is no indication that the clearstory of the presbytery was 4
~remodelled on the north side. 7
William Worcester’s “steppys” indicate that the original pres- :
bytery had been lengthened to the extent of three bays. The
church was thenover three times the length of the present fragment,
and the central tower was exactly midway between the east end i
of the Lady chapel and the west end of the nave. As already
suggested, the lengthening took place about 1267, thus following —
the fashion of the time. Ely, Winchester, Worcester, Lincoln, and —
St. Albans were all extended eastward in the thirteenth century, —
for the sole reason of giving a sumptuous setting to the shrines of —
their great saints. At Malmesbury the shrine of St. Aldhelm
would occupy the middle bay of the new work and have a small
altar at its west end. The marble pedestals for the shrines of St.
Alban, St. Frideswide, and St. Edward still remain tolerably perfect
but of the shrines themselves and their rich canopies above, the
invaluable description of that at Durham may be taken asa guide.
There the
t
*
“sacred shrine was exalted with most curious workmanshipp of fine —
:
By Harold Brakspear, P.S.A. 469
and costly marble all limned and guilted with gold having four. seates
or places convenient under the shrine for the pilgrims or laymen sittinge
on theire knees to leane and rest on in time of theire devout offeringes
and fervent prayers. . . . . At the west end of this shrine
was_a little altar adioyned to it for masse to bee s¢ on onely uppon the
greatand holy feast of St.Cuthbert . . . at this feast and certaine
other festivall dayes in the time of divine service they were accustomed
to drawe upp the cover of St. Cuthbert’s shrine [beinge of Wainescott
whereunto was fastned unto every corner of y* said Cover to a loope
of Iron a stronge Cord w* Cord was all fest together over y° Midst over
y° Cover. And a strong rope was fest unto y* loopes or bindinge of y°
s? Cordes w™ runn upp and downe in a pulley under y°® Vault w® was
above over S' Cuthb: feretorie for y* drawinge upp of ye Cover of the s*
shrine and the s* rope was fastned to a loope of Iron in ye North piller
of ye ferretory: haveinge six silver bells fastned to ye s¢ rope, soe as
when y* cover of y* same was drawinge upp y° belles did make such a
good sound y' itt did stirr all y° peoples harts that was w‘"in y° Church to
repaire unto itt and to make ther praiers to God and holy St. Cuthbt :
and y* y° -behoulders might see y¢ glorious ornam’ts thereof]: Also ye
‘Cover had att every corner two ringes made fast, w*" did run upp and
downe on fower staves of Iron when itt was in drawinge upp w staves
were fast to every corner of of y* Marble yt St Cuthb: Coffin did lye
upon, w cover was all gilded over and of eyther side was painted fower
lively Images curious to ye beholders and on the East End was painted
_ the picture of o' Savio’ sittinge on a Rainebowe te geive Judgm* very
lively to y° behoulders and on the West end of itt was y° picture of o°
Lady & o* Savio' on her knee and on the topp of ye Cover from end to
' end was. most fine Brattishing of carved worke cutt owte w* Dragons
and other beasts most artificially wrought and y° inside was Vernished
w' a fyne sanguine colour that itt might be more p’spicuous to ye
beholders and at every corner of y° Cover was a locke to keepe itt close
but att suche times as was fitt to show itt.” !
The ends of each aisle would contain altars, and the aisles them-
Selves would be used for passages for the pilgrims going to and
from the shrine. The foundation of a wall, 7 ft. thick, was found
some § ft. south of the line of the aisle wall opposite the easternmost
bay, showing that the chapel was wider than the aisle, similar to
the corresponding feature at Exeter.
As William Worcester includes the new bays in his total length
of the church, there can be little doubt that they were carried to
the full height of the presbytery, as at Ely. ‘Two fourteenth-
century bosses now in the vestry, are said to have been found on
1 The Rites of Durham (Surtees Society, 1902), 4.
470 Malmesbury Abbey.
the site of the presbytery, which if correct shows that the eastern
arm was vaulted at that period like the rest of the church. |
Whether the Lady chapel was part of the scheme of enlargement,
as it was at St. Albans, it is impossible to say. The foundations
of the two southern buttresses were fonnd 144 ft. from centre to—
centre, showing that the chapel was divided into three bays, it
being 483 ft. long by 222 ft. wide according to Worcester’s measure-
ments. Some 25ft. to the south of the easternmost bay a stone —
coffin was found.
The high altar would be in the centre of the apse, as at Winchester,
Norwich, and St. Augustine’s Canterbury, and, as at those places, —
it does not seem to have been moved in later days. ?
The south transept was 50 ft. in length by 28 ft. wide, and }
doubtless had originally an apsidal chapel to the east. The whole
has been destroyed save the west wall, which stands for two-thirds —
of its height (Figs, 14, 15). It is divided by half-round shafts into —
three bays of irregular widths, which are formed of three stages,
as the rest of the church. The northernmost bay has in the first
stage the pointed archway of two members to the nave aisle; the —
triforium stage is occupied by a round arch on scalloped capital
and jamb shafts embracing three small round arches carried by
detached columns, and is built up solid to strengthen the abut-—
ment of the central tower; and the clearstory stage retains the
northernmost jamb of a window of the fourteenth century of similar |
character to those of the nave, with the start of a vault of the same
date which sprang from capitals about 3 ft. above the string-course
under the clearstory. - {
The two other bays are similar in design, though the southern —
is 21 ft, wide, so arranged to allow of a wide apsidal chapel opposite a
In the lowest stage are round windows with deep splays and small
columns at the internal angles, with a wall arcade of simple round
arches on detached columns with cushion capitals. The triforium —
stage has a wall passage with a round-headed window, having —
detached jamb shafts internally, and on each side a narrow round-
headed opening with continuous roll and a subsidiary arch at a
lower level inside, similar to those at Worcester and Glastonbury
By Harold Brakspear, F.S8.A. 471
The clearstory has gone, but doubtless was a continuation of the
fourteenth-century remodelling of the northernmost bay.
Externally the free bays had in the first stage window arches of
two members, of which the outer is carried by a small attached
jamb shaft, and beneath is a continuous wall arcade of interlacing
arches. The second stage has a similar window arch, but the
mouldings are bolder and the outer member is carried by a detached
column. Under these windows is a billeted string-course, and
above is a string-course ornamented with beads. None of the
windows has ever been filled with tracery, but all retain their
original inner members.
_ At the south-west angle is a bold square turret which contained
a vice starting from the triforium level, of which the lower steps
‘remain. Across the south side of this turret is the groove of a
steep-pitched roof running southward, but what was its purpose it
is difficult to say ; there was no connexion between the church and
this building.
- In the middle of the south wall was another bold turret, in
which was a vice starting from the ground and entered by a door-
way in the second wall arch from the west.
Outside this turret was found a wall running southward, which
was possibly the wall of the little old church seen by Leland.
On the east side of the middle bay was found a patch of the
tile paving, but all the foundations had been grubbed up.
The north transept was presumably the same as the south. Of
it remain the southern and part of the next bay of the west wall,
and a fragment of the east wall attached to the north pier of the
crossing, —
_ What remains of the west wall is precisely similar to the cor-
responding part of the south transept. The southern bay of the
triforium is blocked up for abutment to the tower; the aisle arch —
Was built up after the Suppression, and has in it a small square-
headed doorway with a three-light square window over it.
_ The fragment of the east wall shows a respond of the aisle arch
Similar to those of the nave. The triforium is of two members,
| like the presbytery, with bold detached jamb shafts and cushion
472 - Malmesbury Abbey.
capitals, and the clearstory had a wall passage like the presbytery,
but lined with ashlar, indicating that the fourteenth century re-
modelling occurred on both sides of the transept.
The transept had originally a flat ceiling, on to which was a round —
doorway from the first gallery of the lantern—in fact, the lantern |
gallery would connect the spaces in the roof over each arm of the ~
cross by means of similar openings. M
A fragment of part of the foundation of the northern part of the
west wall was found, with one course of its wall face next the j
cloister.
The crossing originally carried a great square lantern 44 ft. from
north to south by 41ft. from east to west, and still retains its north —
and west arches, with the responds and springers of the others
(fig. 13). i
The west arch is semicircular, and springs at 40 ft. from the
floor off a slightly projecting corbel: there are no responds, but a_
couple of semi-columns recessed in the wall carry the line down to
the floor. The arch is of three members with a label, and a curious”
feature is that each member is narrower at the springing than the
apex. The innermost member is moulded and double like that of
the nave arcade. q
The north arch is semicircular and similar to the west arch, but
being much narrower is stilted considerably above the line of
springing. It is carried on bold responds having half columns to—
take the inner member, and a nook shaft on either side to take the —
two outer members. The capitals are curiously moulded but nob
carved, and have square abaci. ..
Above the arches internally ran an open arcade in front of a
wall passage; it consisted on each side of the lantern of three
main arches having flat piers ornamented with beaded lozenges,
and containing a pair of smaller arches carried on triple columns,
The whole of this arcade and the wall passage was built up when
the tower was raised, but three stones of the dividing piers show
on the north and west sides, and now the inner divisions have been
opened out in the centre arch of the latter (fig. 2). a
The tower was apparently raised towards the end of the fourteenth
By Harold Brakspear, F.S.A. 473
‘century, and the extra weight caused the heavy pillars to subside
some 9in. At the period when the lantern was done away with,
vaulting springers were inserted in each angle, and wall ribs were
put at the same time as far as the dividing piers of the old lantern.
These were afterwards completed to a different section, and a lierne
vault with large bosses added.
A high spire was added to the tower in later times, apparently
formed of wood and lead, and this is what Leland records! to have
fallen in hominum memoria. Lf it fell before the Suppression it did
little damage, as the church was standing complete when the Valor
was taken in 1534, and it is unlikely Leland would have used the
expression in hominum memoria if it had fallen afterwards or
within two years of his visit. Over a hundred years later the
memory of the spire and its fall was still fresh in the countryside,
for Aubrey tells that
Hughes of Wootton Bassett saies that the steeple of Malmesbury Abbey
was as high almost as Paule’s and that when the steeple fell the ball of
it fell as far off as the Griffin.”
In 1634 a certain tourist visited Malmesbury and says, “ her
great High Tower at the upper end of the high Altar much decay’d
and ruinated, the Angle there clene decayd.”? This tower was
little more than the four arches as shown in the drawing in the
Monasticon of twenty-one years later. The weak angle, which was
the south-east, as already shown, fell in 1660, bringing down the
east and south arches, and in this condition it remains to-day.
There were nine bells in the two towers at the Suppression,
estimated to weigh 15cwt.,2 and Aubrey says that in the central
tower “was a great Bell, called St. Aldhelm’s Bell, which was rung
When it did thunder and lighten to send the tempest from the
Town into the Country.”® Brown Willis records
that the Steeples were replenished with several Bells, no less than ten,
as the Inhabitants informed me, hanging together in the middle Tower
and two in the western one. On one of them was this Inscription:
Hlysiam coeli nunquam conscendit ad aulam,
Qui furat hance nolam Aldelmi sede beati.
1 Supra p. 464. *Waltshire Collections, p. 256.
*Graphic and Historical Illustrator, H.W.Brayley (London, 1834), p, 411.
4See Appendix IT. 5 Waltshere Collections, p. 255.
474 Malmesbury Abbey.
But, however, this Inscription did not protect either this or any other.
of the Bells from Sacrilege. For there are now none left belonging to
the Abbey-Church. *
When the nave was made into the parish church the: west “archi
of the crossing was walled up, and a buttress was built in the:
middle to strengthen the work.
The nave was of nine bays, 122 ft. in length, and had nile ‘the
‘total width is 69 ft. The first six bays remain complete, together
with the remaining bay of the south aisle. a
Each bay consists of three stages: the main arcade, the tri-
forium, and the clearstory. The main arcade has short cylindrical
columns 5 ft. in diameter, with moulded bases and scalloped
capitals, surmounted by slightly pointed arches of three orders.
with a billeted label ormamented with dragon-headed terminals,
and a most unusual feature, a grotesque head at the top biting the
apex of the label. From the capitals start the vaulting shafts,
consisting of three half-rolls with fillets between (figs. 12, 18, 19.)
Above the arcade is a deep splayed string-course, which was
ornamented with a Greek key pattern on the splay and continued
round the vaulting shafts.” ‘
The triforium has in each bay a single round arch, slightly de-—
pressed, containing four small arches, except in the easternmost _
bay,? where there are only three (figs. 18, 19). The main arch is.
of three members, of which the middle is ornamented with the
chevrons set square, and is supported on moulded jambs having a
detached column in each and continuous scalloped capitals, The
smaller arches are semicircular and moulded, and are supported
on monolithic columns haying square cushion capitals. The
jambs of the triforium are in many cases set crookedly by care-
lessness, not intentionally. The vaulting shaft continues through
1 An History of the Mitred Parliamentary Abbies, Brown Willis (Londogy
1718), i. 136.
2 Beyond the rood-screen extrema this string has had the ornament cub
off in monastic times and formed into a plain chamfered course.
3 This bay was built up solid apparently in the fourteenth century to give
extra abutment to the tower, and is so shown on an old drawing, The
blocking was removed in 1836 at the time when both triforiums were built
up for warmth. F
°
ae.
: By Harold Brakspear, PSA. 475
_ this stage, Above the triforium is a plain splayed string-course,
over which internally all sign of the Norman work ceases, though
up above the present vaulting the Norman roof shafts continue to
the top of the walls in the three eastern bays. .
Externally the original clearstory wall remains in the first three
bays from the crossing (fig. 17). The bays were separated from
each other by narrow pilasters having columns in the angles, and
each contained a large round-headed window. The jambs and
arches of the windows have been removed by later work, but on
the wall face surrounding them are round plaques 194 in. in
diameter, four up each jamb and seven round the arch (fig, 3).
This feature is without parallel in this country, though the plaques
themselves are precisely similar to some in the spandrils of the
west doorway of Kenilworth Church, The plaques surrounding
- Urban’s arch at Llandaff are somewhat similar but smaller, and
“do not follow down the jambs.
The aisle bays internally are separated by a group of three
columns, with cushion capitals, to take the cross and diagonal
ribs of the vault, which still remains complete, The former is a
pointed arch of one order unmoulded, and the latter are semi-
circular and moulded to the same section as one of the innermost
members of the main arcade. There isa wall arcade of three
round arches with a bead worked on the angle in each bay,
having detached columns with cushion capitals and moulded
bases, and resting onastoneseat. Over these is a string course
liaving zig-zags worked on the face and chamfer alternately.
Above this are the aisle windows, semicircular, with deep splays
and small columns to the internal angles.
Externally the bays are divided by pilasters with shafted angles
finished at the top with beasts’ heads swallowing the shaft, and at
the bottom with moulded bases. The aisle windows are semicircular,
with chamfered labels, and have small columns in the jambs with
€apitals and bases as on the inside. Under the windows is an
areade of interlacing arches resting on short moulded columns with
scalloped capitals and finished by a double chamfered plinth.
On the north side, where was the cloister, the aisle windows are
VOL, XXXVIIL—NO. CXXI. . 2.1
476 Malmesbury Abbey.
similar in character to those on the south, but the sills are kept
much higher so as to clear the cloister roof. In the first bay was
the processional doorway by which the convent gained the church,
and though now blocked, the original Norman arch still shows
(fig. 26). On this side it will be seen that the eastern bay of the
wall arcade has been moulded, whereas the remainder is left with
plain square arches. The string-course above is alike throughout,
and has a zigzag on the splayed face.
Early in the fourteenth century the clearstory stage of the nave —
was re-modelled, owing to the desire to vault this part of the church
in place of the old timber ceiling.
In the first bay from the east a tall two-light window was in- —
serted within the Norman window and the wall passage built up :
solid! In the next two bays three-light windows were inserted, —
but the wall passage was allowed to remain. ‘The tracery of these
windows was at first designed with the springing some 23 in. lower ~
than at present, and the large trefoils were six in number with
little cusped openings pointing to the middle, and were finished —
with trefoiled heads to the lights (fig. 4).? ‘
When the work had proceeded to this point apparently more |
money was forthcoming, for in the remaining bays up to the west —
end the Norman work was entirely taken down, and the clearstory [
was built afresh from the string-course over the triforium. The
windows of this part are of one design throughout, three lights
with tracery of three trefoils in the heads and with one small
cusped opening to each trefoil. After these windows had been
built the lower part of the tracery of the second and third bays f
was cut out and a curved rib to form the inner half of the outer”
lights was placed across the original little cusped Cee sO as to
make all the windows uniform.? 4
' The small size of these windows and the doing away of the wall passage
were to give additional support to the tower.
2 The great north window of Exeter Cathedral consists of seven lights, of
which the outer three are arranged so exactly like those at Malmesbury that
the same hand seems to have been employed on both works. The Exeter
window was erected in 1280. ,
5 Tn the second window on the south some of the added ribs fell out, and
the rest were removed to show the original design, but in the third bay they
remain as altered.
By Harold Brakspear, F.S.A. 477
The vaulting springs from carved capitals in line with the string-
course over the triforium, and consists of cross, diagonal, and apex
ribs, with liernes from the apex of the cross ribs taken part way
down the diagonals and up again to the apex of the wall ribs, all
having large leafwork bosses at the intersections.
To support the vault externally bold flying buttresses were added
across the aisles springing from piers built upon the aisle walls.
These piers have gabletted fronts and leafwork terminals, of which
the third on the north is the only original one left, surmounted by
tall square pinnacles with battlemented tops and tall plain spirelets.
All the flyers are alike except the easternmost pair. This is of
thinner and poorer design, and appears to have been put up later
to balance the others (fig. 16). The builders of the vault in the
first place seem to have trusted to the original walls to take its
thrust, and quite rightly, for it was found when these flyers were
repaired that none was taking any pressure.
The clearstory wall, on the sonth side, is finished by an openwork
trefoiled parapet of running pattern carried on a projecting moulded
cornice, in which is a stone spout over each flier. The tops of the
fliers, on the south side only, are hollowed to take the water from
the spouts, a function they still perform, though now the spouts
are fitted with-down pipes which are carried in half pipes down
the hollows. On the north side is a similar cornice'and spouts, but
the parapet is quite plain, and the present weathering is modern.
The south aisle is finished like the clearstory with an openwork
parapet and projecting cornice, and has spouts for water over each
buttress. The first buttress was renewed when the parapet was
added, and has the shaft of a small pinnacle set diagonally running
up from it through the parapet. Probably it was intended to treat
the buttresses at each bay in this manner, but the scheme was
abandoned.
The second and third bays, in order to give extra light to
the retro-quire, have had a large window inserted in each. The
original wall arcade was removed inside and out, as the sills
1 The terminals of these had all gone, save the easternmost on the south
side, but new ones were added in 1900.
212
wh
478 Malmesbury Abbey.
are much below the Norman ones. The windows are each of three —
lights of peculiar design, having a large opening in the head evidently
to contain seraphim. The jambs externally are plain splays, and
the arches of two chamfered members. Internally there is a —
moulded member following the tracery, and a wide splay back to —
the vaulting shafts. These windows have been filled with inferior
modern glass.
In the fourth bay of the north aisle, which was a small chapel,
a large three-light window was placed in the fourteenth century,
having its head within a small gable above the aisle parapet (fig. 27). —
The vaulting inside is ingeniously arranged, having had the field
of the northern qnarter of the original vault removed and a new ~
ribbed vault thrown off the old diagonal to clear the new window.
The north aisle was capped by cornice and parapet similar to the —
clearstory above.
In the first, fourth, fifth, and last juare of the south aisle the
windows have been divided by a mullion with cusped lights and a ~
quatrefoil in the head put in towards the end of the fourteenth —
century. The eighth bay was blocked when the porch was cased,
but the window was again opened out when the tracery was inserted _ {
in the other windows and similar tracery put to this. All the
windows on the north side except the fourth have similar inserted —
tracery. In the easternmost window ar_ preserved some fragments ~
of fourteenth-century grisaille, the only vestige of old glass that”
remains; the rest seems to have been destroyed in the Rebellion. —
“ Mr, Weekes of the Royal Society remembers curious painted glass
windows before the Warres in the Abbey-Church.” !
Projecting from the seventh bay is the great south porch, which
has been the main entrance to the church from the time it was
built. Externally the walls have been cased with later work, but
the magnificent arch of entrance, the interior of the porch, and
the inner doorway remain much as the Norman builders left
them. Theentrance arch is of no less than eight members, unbroken
between jambs and arch, and each is richly carved (fig. 20), The -
outermost, the third, fifth, and innermost members are cocoate
1 Wiltshire Collections, p. 257. a.
¥
age aie
By Harold Brakspear, FS.A. 479
' with conventional leafwork,the seventh member has beaded lozenges
"interlocking each other at the angles. The second, fourth, and
sixth members are larger than the others, quarter round on plan,
and are divided into pointed oval panels sculptured with figure
subjects. Those in the arch are from Bible story, beginning with
the creation of man on the left side of the sixth member, on which
_are eleven panels. On the arch of the fourth member are fourteen,
panels. On the arch of the second member are thirteen panels,
beginning with the Annunciation and ending with the descent of
the Holy Spirit at Whitsun (fig. 23). In the jambs of this order
are four panels on either side containing an erect figure overcoming
a prostrate one, which, though much mutilated, no doubt represent
the Virtues overcoming the Vices. In each jamb of the other
sculptured members are eight round panels, thirty-two in all, and
these are much defaced, and the subjects of those that do remain
are not distinctive.
The porch is vaulted with bold three-quarter round diagonal ribs
carried by detached columns in each angle, having scalloped
capitals. All the vault except the first springing stones of the
ribs is modern, having been erected in 1905 in place of an unsightly
brick barrel. On each side wall are arcades of four arches carved
with a double row of very small zigzags on the face and another
on the soffit, supported on scalloped capitals and detached columns,
of which the angle ones remain, but the others are lost. There is
a stone seat on either side, but at a higher level than the original
upon which the arcades would rest.
- Inthe spandrils of the vault, on either side of the porch, are two
groups of six seated figures with a flying angel above, It has been
Suggested that this work, which is on a large scale and of rude
execution, is of earlier date than the porch itself; but this theory
will not hold, for, apart from the character of the figures which is
identical with those of the entrance arch, the carving has been
executed in position upon the ordinary ashlar facing. There is no
doubt that. the figures represent the twelve apostles, but none has
a distinctive attribute except the northernmost on the west side, who
holds keys to indicate St. Peter. Opposite St. Peter is probably
480 Malmesbury Abbey.
St. Paul, holding a book, and it is noteworthy that only three other
figures hold books, so that these may be identified as St. Matthew,
St. James, and St. John, the other apostolic writers (figs. 24 and 25).
The inner doorway has three members with continuous jambs
and arch, all richly carved with conventional foliage (fig. 22). The
head is filled with a tympanum, having a flat soffit and radiating
joints, upon which is a seated figure of our Lord within a vesica
held up by a pair of flying angels. The door is of two valves with
plain covering strips to the joints, and has plain strap hinges. The
lower part of the west half is formed into a wicket with rounded
head, and the whole seems to date from the end of the sixteenth
eentury.
In the north-east angle of the porch is a roughly inserted recess
for the holy-water stock of late fifteenth-century date.
In the fourteenth century, when so much work was done to the ©
nave, the walls of the porch were thickened to no less than 10ft.,
large double buttresses were put to the southern angles, and a new
two-membered arch without capitals was added on the south side ©
in front of the original Norman one. The old mask terminals from _
the original label have been reused to the new arch. The casing —
is carried up to the top of the aisle walls, where it is finished with —
the same moulded cornice and openwork parapet as to the aisles, —
The water-shoots in this case are carved into bold gargoyles, of —
which there are two on the south and one on either of the other —
faces. The buttresses have at the level of the arch springing a i
deep string-course, above which are sets-off of five courses, and the —
tops are finished with sets-off of eleven courses to the under-side of —
the cornice.
In the sixth bay of the aisle is an inserted doorway of the fifteenth —
century, containing the original door with tracery in the head. This :
gives on to a vice of the fourteenth century, which blocks up the ©
aisle window and leads to the room over the porch. This is entered ~
through a low pointed segmental-headed doorway, and has windows —
in each face. On the south is a two-light window with square
‘So usually included with the Twelve in place of Mathias, in medieval —
carvings.
hw
-¥
—s
By Harold Brakspear, PSA. 481
head, and in the east and west sides are single-light windows,
all having flat oak lintels on the inside. In the north wall is a
small loop looking into the church, which had a segmental rear arch.
The object of the thickening of the walls of the porch may not
be certain, but considering the bold buttresses, quite out of pro-
portion to the thrust of the vault, and the awkward way they stop
atthe top, there is little doubt it was intended to be carried up asa
square tower, the idea being abandoned when it was determined to
build one over the west end of the nave. A tower in this position
does not now exist in any of our large churches, but it occurs at
the priory churches of Edington and Bruton, and did exist at St.
Radigund’s, near Dover, and at Walsingham.
The original west front was a prototype of Salisbury, being a
great screen wall flanked by turrets and covered with wall panelling.
Of this screen the portion covering the south aisle remains to nearly
the height of the main wall of the church, and is divided into four
Stages (fig. 21). The lowest stage is occupied by an interlacing
areade like that im the south aisle and transept; the second stage
is unpanelled, and has a round-headed window with a zig-zag arch
and pelleted label, scalloped capitals, and jamb shafts; the third
Stage is separated from the last by a billet-ornamented string-course,
and is divided into two whole and two half panels with continuous
jainbs and arches ornamented with double zigzag, of which the two
middle arches are subdivided into two small arches ornamented ..
with pellets and supported on detached columns with scalloped
tapitals. Above this is a very richly corded string-course. The
‘fourth stage is divided into five plain beaded panels with arched
heads but no capitals. Above are two sets-off and a plain face of
wall apparently of later date.
The first, second, and third strings pass round the pilaster op-
posite the main wall, which contains a vice from the aisle roof
level upwards to the clearstory passage.
On the south-west angle turret the first and second strings are
continuous, and between them are two plain beaded panels on each
‘The side windows were built up solid, but have recently been opened
up and the outer jambs restored. (1918).
482 Malmesbury Abbey.
face, having on the west face a sub-arch at a lower level, like those —
in the transept passage. Above the second string is an arcade of
interlacing arches on detached columns with scalloped capitals, —
surmounted by the corded string-course of the third stage of the —
aisle, but at a higher level. Above are the remains of a richly
panelled stage, having twisted columns at the angles, continuous
lozenge bands on either side, and then an equal number of panels _
to those below having square pillars with beaded edges and hollows. —
with pellets on the face. The panelling of this stage is continued
on the east face of the turret.
The vice contained in the turret starts from ~ aisle of the —
church and continues to the triforium level, where is a wall passage :
northward, off which goes the vice already mentioned to the clear- —
story, anda greeze descends to the sill of the west window. The
original vice continues upwards, though of smaller radius, and ~
apparently led to the top of the west front, from which the nave —
gutters could be gained. ,
The central portion of the original front has been destroyed save |
for the southern half of the lowest stage. This has the continuation §
of the interlacing arcade and the south jamb and part of the arch |
of the west doorway. q
The doorway consisted of five members, of which the outer, thell
third, and fifth are carved with leafwork, and are continuous in ~
arch and jamb. The second and fourth members were intended 2
to have been carved like the south doorway, and the outer member ;
was so treated, but the fourth member is still in block. Both these
members are carried on jamb shafts having carved capitals and—
square abaci. An inner member was inserted in the fourteenth —
century to strengthen the doorway. : ¢
Above the doorway is a band of plain ashlar surmounted by aan
moulded string-course of the end of the fourteenth century, and at —
8 ft. from the south pilaster is the jamb of the great window of the |
same date, with its springer at 24 ft. above the sill. The window
seems to have been of eight lights, and had four lines of oni
with cusped heads. a
When this window was inserted a great square tower was 1
i
By Harold Brakspear, PS.A. 483
" above the two western bays of the nave in a similar way to that of
the same date at Hereford! The west, north, and south sides were
carried upon the old Norman walls, and a great arch was thrown
across the nave, above the vaulting, to take the east side. The
springer of this arch remains on the south, and is of three plain
members. !
The two columns and the piers of the triforium and clearstory
above, which carried this arch, were from the first insufficient for
the additional weight of the tower, and to remedy this as far as
possible various devices were adopted. Flying arches were inserted
across the clearstory window and triforium arch of the third bay
from the west, and the main arch of the arcade was underbuilt.
The small arches of the triforium of the two western bays were
built up solid, but nothing remains to show if any corresponding
strengthening was effected in the clearstory. In the opposite
direction, to take the thrust of the east arch, an arch was placed
beneath the vaulting in the aisle, and above, outside the earlier
flying buttresses, an extra pier was built to carry additional flyers,
the lowest of which still remains on the south. These buttresses.
had the support of the west wall of the porch on the south, and
the west wall of the cloister on the north.
This tower contained two of the nine bells which hung in the
steeples at the Suppression, and was standing at Leland’s visit. It
must, however, have fallen very shortly after, though no record
exists of the calamity. The east side was from the first an insecure
Structure, and the removal of the west wall of the cloister doubtless
Started the collapse. Certain it is that the tower fell northward,
destroying three bays of the main wall of the nave with the aisle,
and bringing down in its fall no less than five bays of the main
vault. Instead of any attempt being made to re-erect the fallen
building, a solid wall was erected across the church in line with.
the sixth pair of piers, having bold buttresses opposite the main
Walls, and banded by string-courses in line with the springers of
the main arcade and main vaulting. In the south buttress, to light
‘Shrewsbury Abbey tower, of similar date, and in a similar position,
was built from the ground with solid side walls.
484 Malmesbury Abbey,
the aisle, is a small square-headed window. ‘The wall was pierced
by a large pointed window, round which the upper string continues
as a label. What the original filling of this was it is impossible to
Say, as in 1836 the present tracery was inserted and took the place
of plain square mullions and transoms, apparently of wood.
The south aisle had a blocking wall put under the strengthening
arch on the west side of the seventh bay, and also in the small
pieces of the arcade beyond the new buttress.
The north aisle had a thick wall built across it opposite both
the fifth and sixth pier, and these are carried up nearly to the
springer of the clearstory windows. When it is remembered that
the main vault was destroyed and no effort made to re-erect it, the )
use of these great buttress walls is difficult to explain, unless they
show the intention, afterwards abandoned, of building here a small
tower to take the place of the fallen one. In the bay thus cut off
is an inserted doorway of the date of the foregoing work,
Over the six western bays of the south aisle a low building was
added in the fifteenth century, having an almost flat roof, the in- —
serted weather-course for which remains on the piers of the but-_
tresses. It was reached by a continuation of the vice to the room ~
over the porch, and had a second entrance through the opening of ©
access, at the west end, to the space under the aisle roof. The ‘
building is shown in the view in the first Monasticon, and had f
square windows in its two eastern bays. It was removed before ‘
1733. when the brothers Buck made their drawing. The use of
this building is not certain, one suggestion being that it was the ‘
library, as that building occupied the space over the south aisle
at Norwich and Worcester, but in those cases the cloister was
on the south. Also, as the “lyberary ” is coupled with the frater,
in the grant to Stump, it is unlikely to have been this building,
which is as far from the frater as it is possible to be placed. Itis
now suggested, but with diffidence, that it was for one of the
numerous schools in connexion with a great Benedictine house
and, as the projecting place for the nave organs opened from it,
the building may have been for the song school, the master thereof
being the organist.
By Harold Brakspear, F.S.A. 485
Great abbey churches were, except in a few cases, built for the
exclusive use of the convent, and not for congregational purposes ;
neither were they or any church ever intended to impress
the visitor with an unbroken vista from end toend. After the
drastic sweepings which all our great churches have undergone,
especially at the hands of so-called restorers of modern days, it 1s
difficult to realize what the effect of one must have been with all
the chapels, altars, screens, and fittings complete. Fortunately at
Malmesbury there still remain indications of some of the internal
fittings which enable the principal arrangements to be traced.
Under the western arch of the crossing is a solid stone screen,
capped by a cornice bearing the badges of Henry VII. with the
royal arms in the middle over a doorway which led into the quire.
The quire was beneath the crossing and one bay of the presbytery,
and the stalls had canopies which were supported at the backs by
a beam let into the crossing piers.
Just in front of the first pair of pillars in the nave was an open-
work stone screen across the full width of the church, and the
‘portions in the aisles still remain. Between this screen and that
already described was a loft called the pulpitum gained by a wooden
stair from the south aisle and a narrow gangway at the back of
the screen, the notches for which are still quite clear. The main
arches of the arcade are cut away to give passage on to the middle
part of the loft. Norwich Cathedral had a pulpitum of similar
character.t The loft carried by two light screens was very general
in Cistercian churches but with the Benedictines it was generally
placed on a solid wall containing vices with the quire door in the
midst. The epistles and gospels were sung from the pulpitum on
holy days and it generally held the great organs. At Durham
the fairest paire of the 3 did stand over the quire dore only opened and
playd uppon at principall feastes, the pipes beinge all of most fine wood,
and workmanshipp verye faire partly gilted uppon the inside and the
outside of the leaves and covers up to the topp with branches and
flowers finely gilted with the name of Jesus gilted with gold :
also there was a letterne of wood like unto a pulpit standinge and
adioyninge to the wood organs over the quire dore, where they had
! Proc. Soc. Ant., 2S. Xvil. 353.
486 Malmesbury Abbey.
wont to singe the 9 lessons in the old time on principall days standinge ©
with theire faces towards the high altar."
Crossing the nave at Malmesbury at the third pair of piers was —
another screen which would have in front of it the nave altar and
a doorway at either end. Above would stand the great rood.
In the triforium on the south side of the nave altar isa box-like _
projection of the fourteenth century which had a square loop to |
the east, north, and west and a brattished cornice but no covering ©
(fig. 19). It was built, apparently to hold the organs for the nave
altar services and not, as is usually stated, to contain a patient —
watcher who could see little beyond a detailed elevation of the
nave wall opposite nor could possibly reach the ground before any
depredator was well clear of the precinct. There was in the
corresponding position at Durham
A loft for y°m' & quiresters to sing Jesus mass every Fridaie conteyninge .
a paire of orgaines to play on & a fair desk to lie there bookes on in i
tyme of dyvin s’vice. ? :
In the secular church of Exeter the similar contrivance remains, _
gained from the parvise over the north porch, and the front is —
decorated with niches having angels with musical instruments. At
Worcester is a wide doorway from the triforium immediately over —
the site of the nave altar which probably gave on toa similar
gallery, which has now gone,
The fourth bay of the aisles on both sides was parted off by |
screens, to form chapels flanking the nave altar, the cuts for which
still remain.
Between the rood-screen and the pulpitwm was a space known
as the retro-quire where at Durham were seats “ where men dyd
sytt to rest theme selves on & say their praiers and here devyne 4
service, ° |
Westward of the nave altar the nave and aisles were usuall
clear of fittings, and no indications of any now remain at Malmes-
bury.
Last, but not least, must be mentioned the monument called |
! Rites of Durham, 16. 2 Thid, 34, 3 Thid, 34.
By Harold Brakspear, F.S.A. 487
"King Athelstan’s. This is now placed under the first arch of the
nave on the south side, and is a plain altar-tomb of the fifteenth
century, supporting an effigy which has a fine canopy at the head.
In the Rebellion the head of this figure was broken off by some
soldiers, but was quickly mended by the inhabitants of the borough;
but the new head had grown a beard in accordance with the fashion
of the time.t .
THE CLOISTER.
The cloister in the first place was most accurately set out, being
exactly 112 ft. in each direction. There would be pentises against
each wall, carried on open arches with coupled columns standing
on dwarf walls. The base of such a pair of columns was found
used up as old material in the north-west corner of the later work,
and dated from the latter part of the twelfth century.
In the fifteenth century the cloister alleys were rebuilt and
covered with a fan vault after the fashion set at Gloucester. The
floors were paved with pattern tiles. Of this rebuilding a con-
‘siderable part of the plinths of the walls next the garth remains, |
together with the paving. These were exposed by excavation, and
at the same time sucha quantity of fragments of the vaulted ceiling
was found that it is quite easy to recover the design of the alleys.
_ Each alley was divided into eight clear bays, and was about 11 ft.
wide. The bays were separated externally by bold buttresses
formed of square piers, from which flyers would rise to take the
thrust of the vault, similar to those of the fourteenth century to
the south aisle of the nave at Gloucester, Internally there were
round columns, with moulded octagonal bases and capitals, to take
the vaulting, of which the spinging was 94 ft. above the floor.
The windows had simple splayed mullions and jambs of one mem-
ber contained internally in a recess across which was a seat with
Splayed nosing (fig. 5).
Hach bay was virtually square, and the vaulting was arranged
in cones having the ribs worked on. Eight ribs started from each
column and were doubled half-way up, and the heads of each panel
1Walts Arch Mag., viii. 39.
488 Malmesbury Abbey.
were finished with trefoils. The spandrils between the cones were —
filled with circles containing large quatrefoils having foliated
terminals and subdivided by smaller cusps, of which some had —
rose-like terminals and others were plain (fig. 6). :
A fragment of the springing starting from a moulded corbel re- —
mains in the south-east angle, and the curve of the vaulting shows |
against the church wall. The processional doorway remains in the |
south-east bay, and consists of an archway on the outer face of the i
wall and a doorway on the inner, with a small porch between in
the thickness of the aisle wall, and was made within the original
processional doorway when the new cloister was built. The arch-
way is four centered and richly feathered, but the cusp points are
all broken off. The porch is covered with a small fan vault of
similar design to that of the cloister, and the inner doorway was ;
blocked after the Suppression by a wall which covers some of its —
features though enough remains to show it was feathered like the —
outer archway. A flight of steps led up from the cloister to the —
church through this porch-like doorway (fig. 26).
With the exception of Gloucester and Tewkesbury no other —
monastic cloister can boast such an elaborate ceiling, though that |
of St. Stephen’s chapel in the palace of Westminster was of similar
character. The pattern of the cones and spandrils at Malmesbury |
does not seem to have an exact parallel, but from the nature of |
the cusping the vault must be an early example and but little later .
than its rival.
The foundation of the three western bays of the north alley
projected into the garth.in order to support the lavatory opposite —
the frater door, as at Gloucester, Chester, and Christ Church 4
Canterbury. :
The floors were laid with tiles at different periods, doubtless as —
the work above was completed. At the south end of the east alley
a large area remained, but much damaged by the fall of the vaulting, |
The pattern was formed of squares of sixteen tiles set diagonally
By Harold Brakspear, FSA. 489
“middle tiles had in all cases been replaced by tiles made purposely
for the abbey bearing a griffin segreant on a shield, some with the
letters W.C, and others with W.W. in the angles (fig. 7).
At the east end of the north alley was a patch of tiles much
smaller than the last and of unusual design (fig. 8). They consist
of sets of nine tiles with plain bands between. The middle tile of
the set is again of different make from the others; it also bears a
griffin segreant, but with the letters T.B. This set is alternated
with groups of nine tiles, all composed of the griffin. The border
next the garth is a fine pattern of vine leaves. Loose tiles bearing
the arms of Mortimer, Beauchamp of Warwick, Berkeley, and
Despenser were found in this alley (fig. 7).
Along the west alley was a considerable quantity of the pavement,
but made up of various tiles, one group being of large tiles having
four shields meeting in the centre bearing a bend raguly. Part of
this alley was evidently found at the end of the eighteenth century,
for Moffat records that— |
In digging for stone in a garden adjoining the north-west end of the
church, several years ago, the workmen came down upon a pavement
of square stained tiles. Very lately the spot has been re-examined and
a quantity of these curious tiles discovered. They are glazed, orna-
mented with roses, flowers-de-luce, and heads.!
Some of these tiles are now preserved in the church and have
_ borders formed of narrow tiles bearing squirrels and monkeys (fig. 9).
_ With respect to the griffin segreant and the initials on the tiles,
Aubrey relates that he could find no coat of Malmesbury Abbey,
but mentions that ascribed to the abbey in King’s frontispiece to
Tanner (on a chief argent a mitre and two crosiers proper over the
leopards of England), and adds “by what authority I know not,” ?
It is suggested this is a purely fictitious coat of the sixteenth
century, and that the griffin segreant was the real coat of arms of
the abbey. ‘his griffin oceurs under the figure of our Lady on the
thirteenth-century seal of the abbey; there was a street in
Malmesbury of the same date known as Griffin’s Lane; in later
times there was a house called the Griffin; and in one of the
‘The History of Malmesbury, J. M. Moffat (Tetbury, 1805), p. 65.
2 Wiltshire Collections, p. 265.
490 _ Malmesbury Abbey.
foliated spandrils of the market cross is an inserted stone bearing —
the griffin segreant on a shield. Then come the three different —
patterns of the same coat of arms on the tiles in the cloister,
Surely this general use of these arms in Malmesbury suggests that —
they were those of some influential person or body, and the only —
explanation of their occurrence in all these places is that they ?
were the arms of the abbey. This being so, the initials on the
tiles must be read as those of different abbats, and date the com-
pletion of various sections of the cloister,. namely, W.C. for Walter
de Camme, 1360—96; W.W. for Abbat William, 1423; and T.B.
for Thomas Bristol, 1434—56.
Most of the main walls of the buildings round the cloister had -
been grubbed up, but a portion of the east wall, a fragment of the ©
north wall towards its west end, and a length of the west wall near 4
Lien dtiyanl
te
its north end, remained.
Surrounding the cloister were the buildings required for the daily —
use of the convent, namely, the chapter-house, parlour, dorter, and —
frater, which, though not arranged on such a fixed plan as with the —
Cistercians, were still in a regular order of sequence. The chapter-_
house was always on the east side of the cloister, and the frater on
the side opposite the church.
At Malmesbury the north transept overlapped the cloister some |
39 ft., and next it northward would be the low passage or parlour _
leading to the monks’ cemetery.
THE CHAPTER-HOUSE.
The chapter-house would adjoin the parlour, and there was found |
a considerable length of the foundation of its north wall; nothing
of the south wall was found, owing to the rock being so near the
surface at that place that no foundation was required. Various
fragments of Norman character were unearthed, including some
vaulting ribs, and it is probable that the room was covered by a
single spanned vaultas at Gloucester, Reading, and other Benedictine
houses. William of Colerne “caused the chapter-house as far as
the walls to be removed and again put up the whole with ne
timber and. covered with stone and alures in the circuit of the
by Harold Brakspear, PSA. 491
: chapter- house.”* Whether any work beyond a new. roof and
parapet was done at this period i is not recorded. At the Suppression
the chapter-house was covered with lead.”
THE DORTER.
Owing to the fall of the ground some 40 ft. northward from the
chapter-house, the dorter could not have occupied its usual position
of a range running north and south, but must have been placed
east and west parallel with the church, as at Gloucester and
Winchester. It had its roof removed and covered with stone and
new alures made by William of Colerne like the chor house.®
Nothing whatever remains of it.
Tus FRATER.
The frater was on the north side of the cloister, and seems to
have had a subvault. A fragment of a foundation was found in
the bank at 20 ft. from the cloister wall, which if it was the main
north wall would cause the frater to be unusually narrow. The
roof was covered with lead.
There was a meat frater or misericord® at Malmesbury, but -
whether it was a distinct building as at Peterborough and West-
minster, or a loft over the west end of the frater itself as at
Worcester and Durham, it is impossible to say.
THE KITCHEN.
' At the west end of the frater, as might be expected, was the
convent kitchen. It was standing in part at the end of the seven-
teenth century, and Aubrey remarks that “on the N.West side of
the Abbey Church stand the ruines of the kitchen on four strong
freestone pillars.”® From this it is reasonable to suppose that the
chimney stood in the middle of the room over fireplaces, supported
on four strong pillars, and that the room itself would be square or
octagonal, the surrounding walls having gone when Aubrey wrote.
1 See Appendix I. 2 See Appendix IT.
4 See Appendix I. 3 See Appendix II.
5 Reg. Malmes., ii. 382. 8 Wultshire Collections, p. 260.
VOL. XXXVIII.—NO. CXXI. 2K
492 Malmesbury Abbey.
Abbat William of Colerne made three ovens next the convent
kitchen, probably for making pastry, as he had already made the
bakehouse anew.1
Nothing has been found to indicate if there was a range of
buildings along the west side of the cloister. This occurred at
Christ Church, Canterbury, Norwich, and Bardney, but was absent
at Westminster, St, Augustine’s, Canterbury, and Gloucester.
Part of one of the numerous buildings which stood to the west
of the cloister remains incorporated with the Bell Hotel. In its —
north wall is a thirteenth century window of two lights with .
shafted jambs. On the first floor is a fine room having a ceiling ©
of the fifteenth century formed of deeply moulded beams, and in ©
the north-west angle of the room is an arched doorway. There is —
no means of identifying this building with certainty, but it was —
possibly one of the guest-houses. p
Eastward of the site of the dorter is the present “ Abbey House.” —
which for the most part is “the new dwelling house . . . of
about Edw. 6th architecture,” 2 but under the northern side is a ~
subvault, of the late thirteenth century, placed east and west. —
This was divided into two chambers, and had a row of columns 4
down the middle. f
The western chamber is 39 ft. long by 234 ft. wide, and is of four —
bays. The centralcolumnsand the vaulting have been destroyed, —
but the springers supported on moulded corbels and the wall ribs s
remain. The north, west, and a bay and a half of the south walls t
remain, ‘The first has in each bay a tall lancet having the internal
splays of rounded form on plan, presumably to take window seats: —
The west end and the remaining part of the south side are blank, —
and there is no indication of how the chamber was gained. Ex- —
ternally on the north side were buttresses at either end and one in —
the middle of its length, but all except that at the west end have
been chopped off lineable with the wall. The stones of their re-
entering angles alone indicate their existence. _
The eastern chamber is 294 ft. in length, and of the same width :
™ See Appendix I.
2 Wiltshire Collections, p. 259.
By Harold Brakspear, F.S.A. _ 493
as the other, from which it was divided by a wall 3 ft. in thickness,
now destroyed. This chamber is of three bays, but has only two
windows to the north, the middle bay being blank with a buttress
m the middle of it and not opposite the vault springers. There
were no windows in the east wall or the bay and a half which
remains of the south side, and, like its companion, it has no sign
of any entrance.
At present both chambers are filled with rubbish almost to the
the springing of the vaulting, and are used for a brushing room,
and housing fuel.
Of the superstructure nothing whatever remains. There isa
wall 54 ft. thick, in line southward of the east end of the subvault
in which isa segmental-headed doorway of a single member. To
the north of this doorway in the thickness of the wall is the pit of
a garderobe from an upper floor, Eastward from this runs a thick
wall for 31 ft., having a chamfered plinth on its north face some
8 ft. below the level of the ground, but nothing could be found of
the south wall of the apartment.
The style of the subvault suggests that the building was spa of
the infirmary built from the foundations! by Abbat William of
Oolerne, but its position adjoining the dorter indicates that its
upper story was the reredorter of the monks. Both surmises may
be correct, as the reredorter at Worcester, built a hundred years
before, was certainly so arranged in connexion with the infirmary.
THE ABBAT’S LODGING,
Somewhere on the east side of the precinct was the abbat’s
\lodging, for Abbat William of Colerne recovered two messuages
jnext the abbat’s garden and planted them with vines, and made
jan herbarium towards the king’s wall. This portion of the king’s
jwallis that which was to be repaired by the almoner, namely, from
\the abbat’s garden to the court of the Lord John (Maudit).? The
abbat’s lodging was built by William of Colerne, who “next the
abbat’s garden made a great and honest hall covered with stone
Wwith a lesser hall towards the gable of the same hall, and of the
‘See Appendix I. 2 Thid. 3 Reg. Malmes., i. 136.
Z| BS PA
494 |. Malmesbury Abbey.
house which was previously the hall he made an ordinary camera.
Next the same hall he caused to be made a kitchen, and of the .
larder he rebuilt the walls and strengthened the beams, and covered
it with stone.” +
At the Suppression the abbat’s lodging was covered with lead,” i
and was to remain undefaced. It consisted of “ the late abbott’ S.
lodginge and the new lodging adyoynynge, with kytchin, larder,
Buttery, Pantery, and houses of Offyce w‘ lodgyngis theruppon - :
buyldyd perteynynge to the same. The abbotts Stable w' the wolle, {
house, the Gate and houses over the same enclosinge the quadrante
of the seyde Buyldynges.”? And the custody m1 these was granted
to Sir Edward Baynton of Bromham.4
fr
irae haem one Ne
In conclusion, the writer cannot close this paper without ex-
pressing his indebtedness to the late Bishop of Bristol for hearty |
co-operation and sympathy at all times with his work both pro- {
fessionally and archaeologically ; to Mr. HE. 8. Mackirdy, for ready
permission and very material help toward the excavations of the. :
cloister, and access at all times to the rest of his property; to the ]
Vicar of Malmesbury, the Rev. Canon C. D. H. MeMillan, and to.
Mr. J. Moore, for generous permission to examine the respective
parts of the abbey in their charge; to Mr. W.S. Brakspear, for
the loan of the negatives for eleven of the illustrations; and last z
but not least, to his old friend Sir William H. St. John Hope 4
for the transcript of the documents contained in the Appendices |
ments of the church.
APPENDIX I.
RecistRuM MALMESBURIENSE. (Rolls Series, 1880.) ii. 365.
WILLIAM CoLERNE,
De edificiis factis infra abbathiam et per diversa maneria.
minorem ad gabulum ejusdem aulae, petra coopertam.
Et de domo quae prius aula fuit, cameram ordinari fecit.
Et juxta eandem aulam fieri fecit unam coquinam.
1See Appendix J. 2 See Appendix II.
? See Appendix IV. “See Appendix II.
| By Harold Brakspear, F.S.A. 495
; Et lardarium fecit renovari muris, et tignis augmentari, et petra cooperiri.
Et cum idem abbas comparaverat de Radulpho de Porta et de uxore
quondam Thurstani le Brasur, mesuagia eorum cum curtillagiis juxta gar-
_dinum abbatis jacentibus, idem abbas in ipsa placea fecit quandam vineam
plantari, et eam circumquaque muro lapideo includi.
Fecit etiam juxta eandem vineam unum herbarium versus murum regium.
Fecit etiam in gardino abbatis vineas et pomeria ubique plantari.
Fecit etiam de mercata quandam placeam capi ad carpentriam, quam
circumquaque muro lapideo fecit includi.
Fecitque juxta eandem carpentriam duas domos.
Fecit etiam infirmariam tignis et furcis et aliquantulum muro renovari et
petra cooperiri.
Postea dormitorium usque ad muros fecit prosterni, et super eosdem muros
jn utraque parte quasdem aluras fecit construi, et novo maeremio cum tignis
ante existentibus renovari, et petra cooperiri.
Fecit etiam capitulum usque ad muros prosterni, et iterum novo maeremio
ex toto erigi et petra cooperiri, et aluras in circuitu capituli.
Postea in aula hospitium tres fieri fecit fenestras.
Postea unum gernerium fieri fecit juxta pistrinum, et ennts quae ali-
quando gernerium fuit, addidit ad cellarium.
Vetus etiam bracinum usque ad terram fecit prosterni, et illud novis
muris et novo maeremio construi fecit et relevari.
In occidentali autem parte ejusdem bracini, fecit unam domum ad equos
dongae carectae reponendos.
Fabricam etiam novam fecit et eandem petra fecit cooperiri.
A carcere etiam usque ad stabulum sacristae fieri fecit unam domum,
¢ujus vero primam partem assignavit ad pauperes, et alteram partem ad
stabulum equorum.
Juxta stabulum hospitium, unum domum fecit ad equos reponendos.
Fecitque molendinum.
Et capellam Sancti Aldhelmi in gardino.
Fecit etiam tres furnos juxta coquinam conventus.
Et cumulum de camera abbatis de novo construi.
‘Et infirmitorium a fundamento aedfiicari.
APPENDIX II.
AUGMENTATION OFrricr MISCELLANEOUS NOOR 494, fols. 34—44,
Malmesbury.
Surrend? 15 Dec. 31 H. VIII. (1539).
Clear yearly value £830 154d.
Pensions to Abbot & 21 monks.
Houses & Buyldings
Appointed to Remayn undefaced.
The late Abbots lodging | w’ the New lodging adioyning. | the Kitchyn
Larder Buttre and | Payntre w' the lodgings over | the same. The late
Abbots Stable | the Wolle house. The Barne at | Spittell gate. The
Gatehouse | which encloseth the Inner | Courte and the Gatehouse
which encloseth the Utter | Courte.
496 Malmesbury Abbey.
The Custodie and fferm' | thereof graunted to Sir | Edward Baynton,
Knight.
Deemed to be superfluous.
The Church Cloister and Chapelles | adioyning The Dormytory Chaptre
| house ffraytre Barbary Infir | mary w' all th lodgings to the aioyning
The Cellerers | Chambre The Squiers Chambre | Seint Mary hous the
Chaundry | the Convent Kitchyn. All the | houses in the Sextrey
ende The Stywards lodging the Storehous | the Slatt' hous the Gestyn
Stable | and all oder houses in the utter Courte.
Commytted unto the | Custodie of Willm Stumpe deputie | to Sir
E. Bainton K. their salfety | to be kepte to thuse of the | Kings
Majestie.
Leades Remayning
viz. upon
The Churche Quere Iles Steples | ffrayter Chaptrehous o' Lady |
Chapell. Thelate Abbots | Lodging and oder houses | there estemed to
; exx ffoders.
Belles Remayning
In the Steples ther viij (corrected to ix.) poiz by | estimaton.
xv™ weight.
Juelles reserved
To thuse of the Kings Magestie | Myters garnished w* Silver | gilte
small Peerles and Counter | sette Stoones ie
Plate of Silver reserved
To thuse of the Kinge Magestie viz.
Silver gilte celxxiiij oz
Silver peell gilte cecv 02 Dlxxiiij oz
XX
Silver white CIII)XV OZ
Ornaments reserved
To the same use viz.
None
Other ornaments sold for £208 13s. 4d. altered to £211 13s. 4d.
APPENDIX III.
Patent Rouu, 36 Henry VIII., Part 25 m =.
[In consideration of sum of £1516 15 23 paid by William Stumpe
‘“ generosus,” property in Rodbourne late Malmesbury abbey’s, Brinkworth
&e.
8 ; ; ; : re
i) “Damus eciam pro consideracione | predicta ac ex certa sciencl
et | mero motu nostris per presentes | concedimus prefato Willelm
Stumpe | totum illum scitum septum | circuitum ambitum et precinctu
| dicti nuper Monasterii de Malmesbery | cum suis iuribus et pertinencii
universis ac omnia et singula | mesuagia molendina domus edificia | struc
tura ortos pomaria gardina | stabula columbaria stagna vinar | aqua
piscaria et piscaciones terram | et solum nostrum infra eundem | scitu
septum circuitum ambitum | seu precinctum ejusdem nuper | Monasteri
y -
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By Harold Brakspear, F.S.A. 497
existen. Ac eciam omnia | illa ortos pomaria et gardina cum | pertinenciis
infra eundem scitum | ejusdem nuper Monasterii existen vocat le ffermery
Orchard et le | Chamberers Orchard quoquomodo | spectan sive pertinen.
Exceptis tamen ac nobis heredibus | et successoribus nostris omnino |
reservatis omnibus et singulis | campanis et cooperturis plumbiis | ac toto
plumbo de in vel super | quibuscumque edificiis infra dictum | scitum dicti
nuper Monasterii de | Malmesbury aut de in vel super | aliqua inde par-
cella existen preter gutteras plumbias et plumbum in fenestris
&e. &e.
Stump’s application for grant is dated 24 Feb. 1543—4, 35 H. VIII, and
signed by himself.
498
WILTS OBITUARY.
Major-General Sir John Rumsay Slade, C.B., died ©
at Crane Lodge, Salisbury, September 4th, 1913; aged 70. Buried at
Ryde, after a military funeral service at the Roman Catholic Church
at Salisbury. Born March 16th, 1843, in Wiltshire, eldest son of Gen.
Sir Marcus Slade and Charlotte, d. of the Hon. Andrew Ramsay.
Lieut. Royal Artillery, 1861 ; Capt. 1875; served through the Bazar
Valley expedition in Affghanistan, 1878; in the operations of the
Peshawar Valley Field Force in 1879, when he was mentioned in
despatches; and in the second Bazar Valley expedition in 1880. At
the disastrous action of Maiwand on July 27th in that year against the
army of Ayoob Khan, he took command of the Battery of Horse
Artillery which covered the retreat of the British force and carried off
many of the wounded on his guns. “Undoubtedly he rendered a
signal service to British arms and prestige at a very critical moment ”
(Times.) He fought later in the siege and battle of Kandahar. He was
Deputy Assistant Quartermaster-General in the, Transvaal during the |
Boer War of 1881, and was Aide-de-Camp to Gen. Sir Thomas Baker. |
1887, as Lieut.-Col., he was military attaché to the British Embassy at
Rome, served as military attaché with the Italian troops in Abyssinia, @
and was decorated by King Humbert. Major-General, 1899,in command
of the army of occupation in Egypt, 1903. Retired 1905, and became
one of H.M.’s Gentlemen Ushers. He was knighted 1910. Married, _
1871, Lucie, d. of Signor Ramos, of Madrid, who died 1872 ; married, |
secondly, Janet, d. of Gen. Blucher Wood. He leaves one daughter.
Obit. notice, Z%mes, reprinted in Wiltshere Times, Sept. 13th, 1913. |
Levi Lapper Morse, died Sept. 10th, 1913, aged 60. Born at |
eventually grew into a large concern with twenty branches.
he purchased The Croft, Swindon, and had since lived there.
a member of the Swindon School Board, and for thirteen years vice-
chairman of it. He was one of the first aldermen of Swindon, and the
secondgmayor, in 1902. A member of the County Council since 1892,
and a county alderman at the time of his death. J.P. for Wilts, 1893,
Liberal M.P. for S. Wilts 1906—1910. He was a prominent and ver, y
generous supporter of all Primitive Methodist enterprises, both in the
town and the surrounding districts, being especially connected iin
the Regent Street P.M. Church, and his loss will be severely felt
the connection.
Obit. notice and portrait, Weltshire News, Sept. 12th, 1913. ;
my
Wilts Obituary "y. ; 499
Seanon - ‘Robert Natenan Milford, died June 18th, 1913,
aged 84. Buried at East Knoyle. Born Feb. 8th, 1829, s. of Robert
Milford, of the City Bank, Exeter. Educated, Rugby (1845), and Ball.
Coll, Oxon. B.A. 1851; M.A., 1855. Deacon 1853, priest 1854
(Winchester). Married Emily Sarah, youngest d. of Bp. Sumner, of
Winchester. Curate of Stockwell, 1853—54; Domestic Chaplain to
Bp. Sumner; Rector of Brightwell, Berks, 1860—65 ; Rector of East
Knoyle, 1865—1912, when he resigned. Canon and Preb. of Sarum,
1896. During his incumbency the Church of East Knoyle was restored,
1876, and the Church school was built. He was the author of Farnham
and its Borough, 1860; and History of Farnham Castle, 1874.
Obit. notice, Guardian, June 27th, 1913.
Henry Victor Hewett, died suddenly August 15th, 1913, aged 45.
Buried at Fisherton Cemetery. Born in India, s. of Capt. Hewett, of
the Indian Navy. Educated at Ludlow Grammar School and Queen’s
Coll., Oxon. Assist. Master at Reading, private’secretary to Sir Arthur
Pinero, and afterwards went on the stage. Appointed, 1906, Chief
Secretary of S. Wilts Constitutional Association, an office which he held
till his death. He was the author of many poems published over the
initials V.H. in Salisbury Journal. He married, 1896, Bertha, d. of
J. Steele Scott, of Salisbury, who predeceased him. He leaves one
daughter.
' Obit. notice, Salisbury Journal, August 16th, 1913.
George Troyte-Chafyn-Grove, F.S.A., died-at N. Coker
House, Yeovil, Sept. 27th, 1913, aged 83. Originally George Bullock,
son of George Bullock, of N. Coker, he became, in 1852, Troyte-Bullock
under the will of the Rev. Berkeley Troyte, Lili a ahem relative,
and on his inheriting the Zeals property on the death of his cousin, Miss
Chafyn Grove, in 1892, he assumed the name of Troyte-Chafyn-Grove.
Educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford. He was for several
years captain in Wilts Rifle Volunteers. He married, 1856, Emily Lucy,
eldest d. of W. H. Berkeley Portman, of Dean’s Court, who died the
same year. In 1860 he married, secondly, Alice, d. of Sir Glynne Earle
Wellby-Gregory. J.P. and D.L. for Somerset and Dorset, Sheriff of
Dorset 1888, J.P. for Wilts.
Obit. notice, Wiltshire News, Oct. 3rd, 1913.
W. Ward, died suddenly Oct. 17th, 1913, aged 57. Buried in
Wilton Churchyard. Born at Wilton, succeeded to his father’s drapery
business. Many years a town councillor, mayor 1898, very active in all
matters at Wilton.
Obit. notice, with portrait, Salisbury Times, Oct. 24th, 1913.
Henry Herbert Smith, Died Oct. 19th, 1913, aged 62. Buried
at Derry Hill. Born in London, June 15th, 1851, son of Sir William
Smith, LL.D., D.C.L., F.R.S., the Lexicographer and editor of The
500
Wilts Obituary.
Quarterly Review. He came to Wiltshire first as agent for Lord
Methuen and Earl Cowley, and lived for a time at Notton. In 1881
he became agent for the Marquis of Lansdowne and for Lord Crewe.
As a member of the firm of Smiths and Marshall he had a wide con-
nection with the management of estates all over the country. He was
a vice-president of the Surveyors’ Institution, and had a very high
reputation as an authority on agriculture and all matters connected
with the land. He was a member of the Council of the Royal
Agricultural Society, a Commissioner of the Lea Valley Drainage,
Gilbey Lecturer on the History and Economics of Agriculture at
Cambridge 1900—1903. He was connected with many business under-
takings. J.P. for Wilts 1885, he was chairman of the Calne Bench,
district councillor, chairman of the Calne Without Parish Council, and
alderman of the County Council. The busiest of men he found time to
devote to local business, as well as to the affairs of the Church. In
educational matters he was especially interested. He married Emily,
d. of Arthur Hall, who survives him, together with his son Cyril, and
his two daughters, Mrs. Marriott Smith and Mrs. Ronald Carrington.
He was the author of “Principles of Estate Management,” 8vo,
London, 1898, as well as of articles in the Wineteenth Century, The
Quarterly, é&c.
Obit. notices, Wiltshire Gazette, Oct. 23rd, 1913. Appreciation in
sermon by Archdeacon Bodington, at Calne, Waltshire Gazette, Oct. 30th,
Wiltshire Times, Nov. 1st, 1913.
Matthew Henry Whitley Devenish, died Oct. 21st, 1913,
aged 71. Buried at Devizes Road Cemetery, Salisbury. Entered Wilts
& Dorset Bank 1856, became Assistant General Manager 1872, and
General Manager, 1895—1911, when he resigned and became Managing
Director until his death. J.P. for Wilts. He was Treasurer of the
City of Salisbury and of Salisbury Infirmary, and a Governor also of
the latter institution. An earnest churchman he did much for the
churches and schools of Durnford and Stratford-sub-Castle ; and took
an active part in church work round Salisbury. He had lived of late
years at Little Durnford House.
Obit. notices, Wiltshire Gazette, Oct. 30th ; Salisbury Journal, Oct.
25th ; Salisbury Diocesan Gazette, Nov., 1913.
Arthur Russell Malden, F.S.A., died Oct. 22nd, 1913, aged 63.
Buried in the Cloisters, Salisbury. Youngest son of Henry Malden,
Professor of Greek at University College, London, and Georgina
Augusta, d. of Colonel Drinkwater Bethune, of Thornycroft, Leather-
head. Educated at University Coll. School, London, Ipswich School,
and Trinity Hall, Cambs. B.A. 1873. Admitted solicitor, 1877, he
began practice in Salisbury in 1879 as partner with Mr. D. J. K.
Macdonald. Chapter Clerk, 1888. Registrar of the Diocese, and
Legal Secretary to theBishop of Salisbury, 1902. Member of the Town
Council of Salisbury 1889—1900; Mayor 1895. Clerk of the Peace 1900.
Married, 1880, Rebecca, d. of Rev. Robert Barber, Vicar of Riseley,
Beds., who predeceased him. He leaves asonand two daughters. He
Wilts Obituary. 501
was a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries, a member of our own Society,
and an acknowledged authority on the Cathedral and City records.
He held many other offices in Salisbury.
He possessed, indeed, as Canon Wordsworth, the writer of a long
obituary notice of him in the Salisbury Diocesan Gazette, Nov., 1913,
says, much “diplomatic skill” and knowledge of ancient deeds, and it
is to be regretted that he found time to give so comparatively little of
the results of that knowledge to the world. In his younger days he
had played in county cricket and was for many years captain of the
S. Wilts Cricket Club.
Obit. notices, Times, Oct. 23rd ; Salisbury Journal, Oct. 25th, 1913.
He was the author of :—
“The Canonization of St. Osmund. From the Manuscript Records
in the Muniment Room of Salisbury Cathedral. Wilts Record
Society. Salisbury: Bennett Bros., 1901.” Royal 8vo, cloth,
pp. xxxiv. + 267.
“ Survey of the Close in 1649, Transcript of a MS. in the Diocesan
Registry, Salisbury.” Salisbury Field Club Transactions, I.
95—99, 132—138, 167—171 ; II, 81—87.
“Scrinio Sancti Osmundi, copy of a document in the Machon
Register, fo. cxxvii.” Salisbury Field Club Transactions, II.
70—72.
* A Contemporary Poem on the Translation of the Cathedral from
Old to New Sarum.” Waolts Arch. Mag., xxx. 210—217. 1899.
“The Will of Nicholas Longespe, Bishop of Salisbury.” Anglish
Historical Review, July, 1900, p. 523.
“A Salisbury Fifteenth Century Death Register,’ The Ancestor,
No. 9, April, 1904, pp. 28—35. :
“Note on an Inscription on a Buttress of Salisbury Cathedral. -
Wilts Arch. Mag., xxxv., 347—350, 1906.
“On the School Motto.” Godolphin School Mag., No. 43, Summer
Term, 1909. Letter explaining the motto, pp. 4. 5.
“The Burial Places of the Bishops of Salisbury.” Welts Arch
Mag., XXXvil., 389—352. 1912.
Anarticle on Hampshire County Cricket. Vict. Hist. of Hampshire.
The Rev. George Thomas Piper Streeter, died Nov.
9th, 1913. Buried at Hither Green Cemetery, Lewisham. King’s
College, London, scholar 1852. Scholar and exhibitioner Clare Coll.,
Camb., B.A., 1856. Deacon, 1857; priest, 1858 (London). Assistant
Master, Blackheath School, 1856—69. Curate of Plumstead, Kent,
1857—66; Bickley, 1867—69. Lecturer at City of London College,
1868—71. Head Master, Derwent Ho, School, Lee, 1871—92. Curate
of Lee, Kent, 1871—73; Wapping, 1876—79; St. James, Islington,
1882—83 ; St. Swithin, London Stone, 1889—92 ; Sec. and Chaplain,
Blackheath School, 1892—97 ; Master of Bishop’s College, Blackheath,
189496 ; Curate of St. Augustine’s, Bermondsey, 1896—97; St. Mary,
Rotherhithe, 1897—98; Rector of Orcheston St. George, 1898—1912,
when he resigned.
Obit. notice, Salzsbury Journal, Nov. 15th, 1913.
502 Wilts Obituary.
John Llewellin, died Nov. 24th, 1913. Buried at Syston, Bristol. —
_ Born March 1st, 1841. Eldest son of John Llewellin, one of the partners e
of Llewellin & James, brass founders and bell founders of Bristol. He
himself became a partner inithe firm in 1865 until 1883, when he retired. _
He bought “The Hazelands,” in New Park Street, Devizes, 1887, coming —
to live there in 1892. He married Edith, d. of Edward Bretherton, —
1887. Originally a Liberal and Nonconformist he became a Unionist
and Evangelical Churchman, and since 1901 had been churchwarden of —
St. Mary’s, Devizes,:and guardian, and was well known and esteemed
in Devizes in these capacities. His wife and three sons survive him.
He was the author of a brochure “ Bells and Bell-founding,” by X.Y.Z.
1879. ;
Long obit. notice, Wiltshire Gazette, Nov. 27th, 1913.
Hubert Liston Willcox, M.R.C:S., died Dec. 3rd, 1913, from
a scratch on the finger while performing an operation, aged 36. Buried
at Warminster. Third son of Dr. R. Lewis Willcox, of Warminster.
Educated at Warminster Grammar School and Cheltenham College.
House Surgeon at King’s College Hospital, joined his father in practice
at Warminster, 1902. Married Alice de Rossignol, who survives him.
Much esteemed at Warminster.
Obit. notice, Wiltshire Times, with portrait, Dec. 6th and 13th, 1913.
Charles Nicholas Paul Phipps, of Chalcot, died Dec. 9th,
aged 68. Born Nov. 4th, 1845. Son of Charles Paul Phipps, of Chalcot
(who was J.P., D.L., and High Sheriff of Wilts, 1875, and M.P. for
Westbury, 1869—74, dying in 1880). Educated at Eton. He was M.P.
for Westbury, 1880—1885, President of the West Wilts Constitutional -
Association for many years; J.P. 1878; Chairman of the Westbury
bench; High Sheriff, 1887 ; and Alderman of the County Council from
its {beginning in 1888. He took a prominent part in the council
for many years and from 1904—1913 was Chairman of the Agricultural
Committee, having been Vice-Chairman for three years before that, and
the successful work of that committee has been very largely due to his
initiative and zeal. In a personal appreciation, Mr. C. H. Corbett,
Secretary of the Agricultural Education Committee (Weltshire News,
Dec. 26th, 1913), who had worked with him for over twenty years,
dwells on the amount of time and trouble which he gave during the |
whole of that period to the work of the committee, and on the unvarying |
courtesy and kindness which he displayed to all. He was a prominent |
member of many agricultural societies and a Governor of thé Dauntsey
Agricultural School. He served for sixteen years in the Wiltshire |
Yeomanry, retiring in 1893, and was one of the founders of the Wiltshire |
Working Men’s Conservative Benefit Society. As a Freemason he was _
Deputy Provincial Grand Master for Wilts. He married, 1874, Clare |
Emily, third d. of Sir Frederick Hervey Bathurst, of Clarendon Park, |
Wilts, by whom he had one son and six daughters. As anearnestand |
consistent Churchman he took a prominent part both in his own ~
neighbourhood and in the Diocesan Synod, at Salisbury, which he
.
Wilts Obituary. 503
regularly attended. In person as well as in life he was.a fine example
of the very best type of country gentleman, and the County of Wilts is
the poorer in many ways by his death.
Long obit. notices Wiltshire Gazette (with interesting records of the
Phipps family in Wilts), Dec. 11th; Wiltshire Times, with portrait,
Dec. 13th, 1913.
John Mattock, died Dec. 22nd, 1913, aged 76. Buried at Headington
Cemetery, Oxford. Born at Steeple Ashton, began his gardening career
at Rood Ashton, removed to Bath and became a successful exhibitor.
About forty years ago he removed to Headington, Oxford, where, as the
owner of the rose nurseries, he became widely known as a rose grower
and exhibitor all over the country. He was an earnest supporter of
Wesleyan Methodism. He leaves a widow, three sons, and: two
daughters.
Obit. notice, Wiltshire Times, Jan. 3rd, 1914.
Thomas Henry Baker, died January 16th, 1914, aged 80. Buried
- at London Road Cemetery, Salisbury. Born Sept. 4th, 1833, son of
Henry Baker, of Charlton Horethorn, Som., and alone of Stourton.
Educated at the Philological School, New Road Marylebone, which he
leftin 1849: He married, 1857, Catherine Frances Dozell, d. of Thomas
Elliott, of Martock, Som., who predeceased him. His son and two
daughters survive him. For forty-two years he rented Mere Down
Farm under the Duchy of Cornwall, up to 1899, when he gave up
farming and removed to Salisbury, where he lived until his death. He
~ became a member of Mere Board of Guardians 1863, Chairman 1883,
and Chairman of the District Council 1894. A proof of the general
esteem in which he was held in the Mere district is to be found in the
fact that when he left the neighbourhood in 1899 his friends presented
him with an address and a purse of £100, whilst the officers of the
various bodies with which he was connected presented. him with a
silver inkstand. He was no politician. In religion he was a devoted
~ Churchman and did loyal service in many ways, as a churchwarden at
Mere and St. Martin’s, Salisbury, as a member of Salisbury Synod
from its beginning, as well as in other directions. In connection with
acriculture The Times spoke of him at his death as having been for
many years a valued correspondent. But it was as an antiquary that
he was most remarkable. It is seldom that a practical agriculturist
has also the antiquarian bent of mind, and the number of men who
have combined the two pursuits in Wiltshire is very small indeed.
With T. H. Baker, however, that side of antiquarianism which has to
do with ancient registers, with monumental inscriptions, with church-
wardens’ accounts and other documents. of medieval and later times,
became in his later years almost a passion. He was, indeed, one of that,
small band of real workers, to whom no drudgery is too great, so that
the job which has been undertaken may be finished. The amount of
time and labour that he spent in the transcription of parish registers
and ancient documents, and the copying of monumental inscriptions,
504 Wilts Obituary.
was enormous, and for the most part the only reward he got for it was |
the satisfaction of knowing that he had done work that nobody else
- would do, and that would provide material for other men to build with |
in the time tocome. Always modest and retiring, never putting himself
forward in any way, and possessing that great virtue—too rare among
those of like pursuits—of knowing his own limitations, he pretended
to no knowledge that he did not possess, whilst that which he had made
his own -by long years of laborious research he was willing to place at ~
the) disposal of anybody and everybody who asked him for it, without
expectation of recognition or reward. Singularly unselfish, and simple
by nature, he was valued and esteemed most by those who knew him
best. He never, indeed, received the recognition that was his due, and
so far as his material interests were concerned it would perhaps have
been to his advantage if he had never been tempted into the paths of
the antiquary. But for all that the solid work that he accomplished -
deserves well of our own Society, and of the county which it seeks to
serve.
Long obit. notice, with portrait, Salisbury Times, Jan. 23rd, 1914;
Salisbury Diocesan Gazette; Salisbury Journal, Jan. 17th, 1914.
The list of his published works is given below, but the larger pro-
proportion of the matters that he copied or transcribed remains in MS.,
unprinted. The chief items of such work were the following :-—
The complete Registers of the six Wiltshire Parishes, of which the |
marriages only (see below) have been printed.
The monumental Inscriptions, for the most part complete, in
Churches and Churchyards, together with much of the Heraldry,
of some 140 parishes in Wilts and 40 others in Dorset, Somerset,
and Hants.
The whole of the Monumental Inscriptions and Heraldry of Salis-
bury Cathedral. %
Transcription and ‘Translation of all Documents belong ging to |
Trinity Hospital, Salisbury.
A Complete Catalogue of Documents in the Salisbury Municipal —
Muniment Room, with translations of many of them.
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL List oF THE PUBLISHED Writincs or T. H. Baker.
“Records of the Seasons, Prices of Agricultural Produce, and ~
Phenomena observed in the British Isles. London: Simpkin, —
Marshall & Co. Warminster: B. W. Coates, 1883.”
Cloth, 74in. X 43in., pp. vii. + 360.
Continuation of the above from 1883 bound up in same cover, in i
2nd edition, pp. 1—78, issued in 1911. Noticed W.A.JL, xxxvil.,
480. ea
“Notes on St. Martin’s Church and Parish. Salisbury: Brown & —
Co., 1906. )
Cloth 8vo, pp. viii. + 165 + 1 page of errata. Three illustra- —
tions of Church.
Wilts Obituary. 505
“Some Notes on the History of Mere, Wilts. Read at a meeting
of the Church League, October 15th, 1907. Printed by request ”
[1908].
Pamphlet, 84in. X 54in.,pp.18. Printed by Edmunds & Sons,
Mere.
“Notes on Skeletons at Kingston Deverill,” and “ Find of Roman
Coins at Mere Cemetery in 1856.” JW.A.Jf,, xxvii., 176, 177.
“Note on “Phenomenon observed at Kingston Deverill, 1822.”
W.A.M., xxviii., 177, 178.
“Notes on the History of Mere.” W.A.JL, xxix., 224—337, with
seven illustrations.
** Additional Notes on Mere.” JW.A.Jf, xxx., 54—58.
“The Churchwardens’ Accounts of Mere.” W.A.J/., xxxv., 23—
92, 210—282,
“Notes on some Wiltshire Merchants’ Marks.” W.A.M., xxxvi.,
324—328, three plates.
“The Trinity Hospital, Salisbury.” W.A.J/, xxxvi., 376—412.
“Monthly Assessments for the Relief of Ireland, raised in the
Division of Warminster, 1648.” JV.A.JL., xxxvii., 353—379,
“Trinity Hospital, Salisbury. Notes on the History of the Chapel.”
Salisbury Journal, February 27th, 1909.
“The Management of Highways & Incidence of Highway Rating.”
pp. 17—24 of Report of Wilts Chamber of Agriculture (?)
8vo.
“Tithe, The Principle of its Commutation, its Incidence, the
Working of the Seven Years’ Average, and the System of mak-
ing Corn Returns.” pp. 26—33 of Report of Wilts Chamber of
Agriculture (2), 8vo.
Tn the series of “‘ Wiltshire Parish Registers, Marriages,” the following
were transcribed by him :—
Mere; Kingston Deverill; Monkton Deverill. Vol. I. 1905.
pp. 1—99.
Britford. Vol. IIT. 1906. pp. 37—66.
Rollestone. Vol. VI. 1908. pp. 149—152.
Idmiston with Porton, Vol. VIII. 1909. pp. 119—146.
Salisbury St. Martin. Vol. 1X. 1910. pp. 1—155.
Laverstock. Vol. X. 1910. pp. 1—9.
He also did the greater part of the work of actual transcription in the
three following works as well as the Indexes in the two first.
“Survey of the Lands of William, first Earl of Pembroke. Oxford.
Privately printed for the Roxburgh Club. Edited by C. R.
Straton.” Oxford. 1909. 2 vols. 4to.
“The Registers of the Parish of Wylye, in the County of Wilts.
Published by the Rev. G. R. Hadow, M.A., from transcripts
made by T. H. Baker and J. J. Hammond.” Devizes. 1913.
Large 8vo.
“The Fifteenth Century Cartulary of St. Nicholas’ Hospital,
Salisbury, with other records, edited by Cine Wordsworth.”
Salisbury. 1902. 8vo,
906 Wilts Obituary.
Thomas Davies, died at Purton, January, 1914, aged 103 years, 9
“months, and 22 days, having been born at Kings Lynn, March ‘th,
1810. He was a well-known character at Purton, having been an in-
mate of the workhouse for nearly twenty years. Here of late yearshe |
had been allowed liberty to doas he pleased, together with other special
privileges. He retained his faculties toa wonderful degree, and was |
walking about the village till shortly before his death. He had beena ©
shoemaker at Leicester, Northampton, and Wootton Bassett until he
was 60, Then he became a hawker and pedlar until he was 91. He |
was always very emphatic as to the date of his birth, which, however
_ has never been substantiated by any stronger evidence than his state-
ment, though some enquiries have been made. Obit. notice, Weltshire
Gazette, Jan. 8th; Waltshire Times, with portrait, Jan. 10th, 1914.
Dr. Nicholas Vincent Wise, died January 8th, 1914, aged 69,
Buried at Trowbridge Cemetery. S. of George Francis Wise, of Kil-
barry House, Co. Cork, came to Trowbridge about thirty-five year
ago, succeeding to the practice of the late Dr. L. C. Miller. He was |
very greatly respected and beloved in Trowbridge for his goodness to |
the poor and suffering. Obit. notices, Wrltshire Times, January 17th ; |
Wiltshire Gazette, January 15th, 1914.
Arthur Perkins Stancombh, died January 13th, 1914, aged 88. |
Buried at Trowbridge Cemetery. Born October 7th, 1825, at Trow-
bridge. S. of John Stancomb, of the Prospect. Educated at Warminster ©
Grammar School. Engaged in woollen manufacture with his three |
brothers at Trowbridge for many years. J.P.,1897. President of Trow-
bridge Horticultural Society, much interested in gardening, and a great
supporter of cricket. A Conservative and Churchman. He was choir-_
master at Holy Trinity Church for forty years, and taught or super ©
intended in the Sunday School for fifty years. He married, 1858, Agnes,
d. of John Hill, of Ravenscroft, Ayrshire, who with two sons, A. J.
G. Stancomb and F. W. Stancomb, and a daughter, survive him, |
Obit. notice with portrait, Weltshire Times, January 17th and 24th; |
Salisbury Dio. Gazette, February, 1914. '
Harry Bevizr, died suddenly January 18th, 1914, aged 63. Buried in
Wootton Bassett Cemetery. S. of William Lawrence Bevir, solicitor, |
of Cirencester. Educated at Christ’s Hospital, articled to the firm of |
Mullings, Ellet & Co., of'Cirencester, and afterwards in the office of
Peacock & Goddard, of Grays Inn. Admitted to the Rolls 1872, he
established himself as a solicitor in Wootton Bassett nearly forty years
ago. He gradually built up a considerable private practice, and filled |
many public offices. He became Official Receiver in Bankruptcy, 1896. |
Clerk to Crickladeand Wootton Bassett Board of Guardians, and Cle
to the Magistrates. He was examiner of honours for the London Law}
Institute, and at one time president of the Wiltshire and Gloucester-
shire Law Society. He was interested in the Wiltshire Working Men’s|
Conservative Benefit Society, of which he was Grand Master for a year
Wilts Obituary. 507
He was a Conservative and a loyal and active Churchman, a church-
warden for thirty years of Wootton Bassett, and lately elected a
representative of the Rural Deanery on the Central Diocesan Board of
Finance at Salisbury. But it was asa Freemason and as an officer first
of the Volunteers and afterwards of the Territorials that he was most
widely known throughout the county. He became a Mason in 1876,
and rose to high degree in the craft, his important and unselfish work
on behalf of Masonic schools and institutions being remarkably recog-
nised in 1907 when his portrait by H. G. Herkomer was presented to
him by the Masons of Wilts. As a Volunteer he served first in the
Gloucestershire Rifle Volunteers, and was gazetted Sub-Lieutenant in
the 1st Wilts Volunteer Corps in 1875, Captain 1876, Major 1892, Hon.
Lieut.-Col. 1895, and became second in command 1901. He continued
to serve in the Territorials from 1908 to 1910, when he retired under
the age regulations. He was a most zealous and popular officer, present
at every training camp during his service. A large assemblage at his
funeral from all parts of the county representing the many institutions
and interests with which he was connected, proved the widespread re-
spect in which he was held. He married, 1880, Agnes Dora, d. of John
Poole Haines, of Moor Wood, Cirencester, who survives him with four
daughters and one son, Harry Lawrence, who succeeds him in the
business. Obit. notices, Wiltshire Gazette, with portrait, January
22nd and 29th; Salisbury Diocesan Gazette, February ; Salisbury
Journal, January 24th; Waltshvre News, with portrait, January 23rd,
1914.
Rev. William Pawley Nichols, died January 19th, 1914.
Wore. Coll., Oxon. B.A. 1859, M.A. 1861. Deacon 1860, Priest 1861.
Curate of Challacombe, Devon, 1860—68. Rector of Little Cheverell,
1868, until his death. He was a member of the old Highway Board
and Rural Sanitary Authority, and afterwards of the Rural District
Council from 1881, or earlier, until his death. He was much respected
in his parish. He was a omnivorous collector of antiquities, and
possessed considerable powers as an artist. Obit. notices, Woltshire
Gazette January 22nd; Salisbury Dio. Gazette, February, 1914.
Col. Louis H. Warden, died July 24th, 1914. Joined the Wiltshire
Regiment, 1881, and served with it for thirty years, except for a few
years when he served with the Army Service Corps Captain 1891,
Major 1901, Lt.-Col. 1910. He was for a time Adjutant of the 3rd
(Militia) Battalion at Devizes, and was with it at St. Helena during the
S. African war. He held command of the 1st Battalion in India and
§. Africa, and on its return to England, after which he retired. Obit.
notice, Wiltshire Gazette, January 19th, 1914.
James Nash, died January, 1914. Born at Beanacre, Melksham,
September 5th, 1834. Emigrated to Australia, 1858, and discovered
the alluvial goldfield at Gympie, Queensland, 1867. Long obit. notice
| from Gympie Times quoted in Wiltshire Times, February 14th, 1914.
VOL, XXXVIII.—NO. CXXI. 2 L
508 Wilts Obituary.
Archdeacon Francis Lear, died February 19th, 1914, aged 90.
Buried in the Cloisters, Salisbury. Born at Downton, August 23rd, |
1823. Eldest s. of Rev. Francis Lear, then Vicar of Downton, after-
wards Dean of Salisbury. Educated at Winchester 1836, and Christ —
Church, Oxon. He played in the cricket eleven both for Winchester
and Oxford University. B.A. 1846, M.A. 1849. Deacon 1847, Priest
1848 (Sarum). He was ordained to the curacy of Bishopstone, where
he became Rector and Vicar, 1850, holding the benefice until his death.
Rural Dean of Chalke, 1851—62; Preb. of Bishopstone in Salisbury
Cathedral, 1856—61; Chancellor of Salisbury Cathedral, 1861—64;
Canon Residentary of Salisbury, 1862 until his death ; Precentor of
Salisbury Cathedral, 1864—75; Archdeacon of Sarum, 1875—1913;
Domestic Chaplain to Bp. Denison, 1852—54 ; Examining Chaplain to
Bps. Hamilton, Moberly, and Wordsworth, 1854—1909; Proctor in
Convocation, 1866—75. Married, 1850, Eda, 2nd daughter of Canon
Fisher, of Salisbury, who died 1892, Of his family two sons and one
daughter survive him. He resigned the Archdeaconry at the end of
1913, having retained almost to the end his powers and faculties in a
marvellously vigorous old age, having lived under seven Bishops of
Salisbury.
The Times, in a obit. notice, February 20th, 1914, says of him “ with
out being a divine of great eloquence or learning, nevertheless he ren-
dered good service to the Church in ways that are valuable, if no
always noticed. A Wiltshireman born and bred, he understood the
country folk of his Archdeaconry, and was a good man of business . . «
His big strong frame, bucolic appearance, and simple hearty manner
will be sadly missed in both the city and the Diocese, where he had
been an established institution and a cheery friend for two generations
of inhabitants.” The Guardian, in an obit notice with portrait, Feb-
ruary 27th, 1914, says “as an embodiment of the traditions of Sarum
as a Churchman, and as a genial personality, Archdeacon Lear will be
warmly remembered by many who have admired his consistency and
profited by his sound advice.”
Rev. George William Bailey, died March 14th, 1914, aged 63,
Buried at Chippenham Cemetery. Bornat Cheltenham, ordained 1873.
Served as priest at Bath, Wells, and Clifton ; incharge of the R. © |
Church at Chippenham 1886—1902, when he moved to Taunton ; re
turned to Chippenham as Rural Dean and Priest-in-Charge 1911.
Obit. notice, Wiltshire Times, March 21st, 1914.
Rev. Louis Kercheval Hilton, died April 2ist, aged 70, |
Buried at Semley. Jesus Coll., Cambs., B.A. 1867 ; Incorporated B.A
at Magdalen College, Oxon, 1872; M.A. 1878. Deacon 1868, priest |
1869, London. Curate of Newbury 1868—71; Chaplain Magd. Coll, |
Oxon, 1871—79; Chaplain, Ch. Ch., Oxon, 1871—78; Precentor, 1874 |
—78; Rector of Edgcott, Northants, 1876—78 ; Tutor of Sarum Theo-
logical College, 1884. Rector of Semley 1878 until his death. He
Wilts Obituary. 509
never married. He was tutor at the Theological College for nearly
twenty years. His great musical gifts made him a valuable helper at
~ Chureh festivals, &c.
Obit notice, Salisbury Diocesan Gazette, May, 1914.
fenry Richardson, died May 13th, 1914. Cremated. Born
1845. Educated at Harrow and Corpus Coll., Oxon. Assistant
Master at Marlborough, 1870. ‘“ From this onwards,” says The Times
of May 15th, 1914, “ Dick, as he has been affectionately known to all
who have had anything to do with Marlborough for the last forty years,
devoted himself heart, soul, and body to the school. Though not a
remarkably good teacher of a class, few men during this long period
have had a greater influence on the boys who successively passed
through Marlborough, He got to know almost every boy, even those
who had never been in his form or his house, treated them as friends
when they were schoolboys, and welcomed them in after life when they
came back to re-visit their old haunts.” He was President of the
Natural History Society, and when he retired from his mastership in
1905 he settled down in a house he had built for himself near the
Common. He was a strong Liberal in politics. By his death ‘“Marl-
borough loses one of her foremost teachers of that practical indepen-
dent spirit on which the school with some justice prides itself.”
fhomas H. Holloway, died May 8th, 1914, aged 61. Buried at
‘2 West Lavington. Son of Thomas Holloway, of West Lavington, where
he was born. His father in 1868 went to London and founded the
business of builders and constructors, in which his son became foreman
‘at theage of 21. 1n 1882 Thomas and his brother Henry began business
‘as builders and contractors in Battersea, under the title of Holloway
Brothers. In 1897a Government contract for half-a-million was secured
and since then the new Admiralty Offices, the new General Post Office,
the Central CriminaliCourts (at Newgate), and Whiteley’s new premises
have all been built by the firm, which is now building the new Home
‘Office buildings. The firm have also built extensive blocks of flats and
business premises on their own account, and the business greatly
prospered. Mr. Holloway many years ago occupied a house in his
Mative village by way of a holiday home for his children. In 1899 he
bought the 4 Beckett estate at Littleton Panell, partially re-building
and enlarging the old house. In 1905 he bought the West Lavington
Manor estate, comprising nearly the whole village, and some years later
went to live at the Manor House, which he restored and enlarged. In
1913 he doubled the area of his estate by buying from the Hcclesiastical
“Commissioners 3500 acres in West Lavington and Imber, and by this
purchase he became sole lord of the manor at Lavington. A Liberal
in politics and a Wesleyan Methodist he had filled all the offices in the
connexion open to a layman, and was a munificent supporter of the
cause. The large and handsome Wesleyan Chapel at Littleton was a
sift from the Brothers Holloway in memory of their father. Since the
2) Le 2
510 Wilts Obituary.
purchase of his property he had improved it in many ways. He was |
J.P. for Wilts 1906; a Governor of the Dauntsey School at |
Lavington; and a freemason. He married Pheebe Flatt, who, with |
three sons and five daughters, survives him. His funeral was attended
by a very large gathering from Lavington and London.
Long obit. notices, Weltshire Gazette, May 14th; Wiltshire Times,
with portrait, May 15th, 1914.
Captain Henry John Phillips, died May 17th, 1914, aged 34,
Buried at Kington Langley. Born at Chippenham, April 11th, 1880
Son of F. H. Phillips, Town Clerk of Chippenham. Educated at |
Malvern College. Subaltern in 2nd V.B. Wilts Regiment, received |)
Commission in 4th Battalion Royal Welsh Fusiliers, joined Regular !
Battalion of the Regiment in §. Africa, Served with distinction through |
the war, gaining the medal with five clasps, and gaining a war com)
mission in 190). Returned in 1903 to England, Adjutant 7th Battalion |
of Welsh Fusiliers at Newtown, 1910—1913, where he did excellent)
work. He died at Malta after an operation for appendicitis.
Obit. notice, Wiltshire Gazette, May 21st, 1914.
Ambrose Tucker, of Hillcote, Manor Road, Salisbury, died Ma
27th, 1914. Buried in London Road Cemetery, Salisbury, He entered)
the Wilts and Dorset Bank 1863, and became assistant general manar)
ger, 1894—1908, when he retired. He was a prominent Freemason)
held many offices in the craft and edited the Masonic Calendar fo
Wiltshire. Heformed a valuable collection of Wiltshire Engravet
portraits and Topographical Prints, of which he printed an elaborate
catalogue which is of permanent value as a work of reference.
“A Catalogue of some Portraits and other Prints having to do with
the County of Wilts. From the collection of Ambrose Tucke
Privately printed for Ambrose Tucker at the Press of Bennett Bros,
Salisbury. 1908.” linen, 10in. x 7¥in., pp. 211.
Obit. notice, Salisbury Journal, May 30th, 1914.
RECENT WILTSHIRE BOOKS, PAMPHLETS,
ARTICLES, &c.
N.B.—This list does not claim to be in any way exhaustive. The Editor
appeals to all authors and publishers of pamphlets, books, or views, in
any way connected with the county to send him copies of their works,
and to editors of papers, and members of the Society generally to send
him copies of articles, views, or portraits, appearing in the newspapers. |
The Ancient Earthworks of Cranborne Chase, des-
cribed and delineated in plans founded on the
25 inch to 1 mile Ordnance Survey by Heywood
Sumner, F.S.A. With a map showing the
physical features on the ancient sites of Cran-
borne Chase, founded on the 1 inch to 1 mile
Ordnance Survey, & coloured by hand A.D.
19138. London: Printed at the Chiswick Press, and to be obtained
there. Also sold by H.M. Gilbert & Son, Southampton and Winches-
ter; H. G. Commin, Bournemouth; H. Simmonds, Salisbury; H.
Shipp, Blandford ; and by H. Ling, Dorchester, 1913. The Plans are
produced by Emery Walker, Ltd. Price £1 net.
Cloth, 113in. x 73in. Edition limited to 200 copies, pp. including
titles xiv. + 82, 46 plans of camps, enclosures, dykes and ditches,
British village sites, and earthworks of exceptional character.
This book with its thick paper, its opulent margins, its large orna-
mental type, and its number. of full-page or double-page plans, each
one an example of attractive penmanship, suggests art rather than
archeology as its subject. It deals with the camps, the entrenched
enclosures of lesser strength, which the author regards as cattle pounds
or folds, the dykes and ditches, the British village sites, and the earth-
works of exceptional character such as Knowlton and the Breamore
Mizmaze lying within the ancient outer limits of Cranborne Chase in
Dorset, Hants, and Wilts. Working on the 25 inch Ordnance Map as
a basis the author has visited the earthworks and corrected the plans
on the spot and here gives his own plans with some description of the
most salient features of each work and notes of its present condition.
Incidentally he makes several interesting points. He explains the
reason why in a rectangular earthwork the corners are naturally higher
than the sides. He suggests that some of the horse-shoe shaped banks
on exposed downs were thrown up simply to shelter the cattle from
the wind, and thinks that banks and ditches converging on camps or
inhabited sites may, many of them, have been thrown up for pastoral
purposes, to make it easier to drive the cattle in the desired direction.
He agrees with Mr. Major that Whitsbury Castle probably was the
512 Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, ke.
fortress which held the Saxon advance at bay for the period from 520
to 552, when the line of the Avon was the Saxon boundary.
Of the larger camps on the Wiltshire side of the border, Castle
Ditches, Winklebury, Castle Rings, Chiselbury, and Clearbury are
planned and described.
Of the smaller, probably pastoral enclosures, there are plans and
descriptions of those on Marleycombe Hill in Bower Chalke, Chicken-
grove Bottom, Straight Knap on Berwick St. John Down, and three
near Knighton Hill in Broad Chalke.
He believes that Bokerly Dyke was a defensive entrenchment thrown
up by the Romano-British to resist the Saxon invasion from the
Downton neighbourhood. Grim’s Ditch, on the other hand, with its
ditch between two banks and its curiously winding course for four
teen miles cannot, he thinks, be either a defensive work ora trackway.
“Tts construction does not suggest purposes of defence, of connection
between British settlements, or of desire for concealment.” It is, he
believes, a British tribal boundary. Two sections which he cut at
Gallows Hill on Breamore Down and Damerham Knoll in 1911 proved
that the bottom of the ditch was 1ft. 6in. wide, and showed no marks
of traffic. A few sherds of apparently pre-Roman pottery in one of
these sections in the filling of the ditch appeared to point to pre-Roman
origin.
Altogether the book—a beautiful book in itself—gives a considerable
amount of information as to earthworks in South Wilts, which is not
to be gathered from other sources.
Early Wars of Wessex; being Studies from
England’s School of Arms in the West. By
Albany F. Major, Author of Sagas and Songs
of the Norsemen, etc. Edited by the late
Chas. W. Whistler, M.R.CS., author of A Thane
of Wessex; King Alfred’s Viking; etc. Cam- |
bridge, at the University Press. 1913.
Linen, 8vo, pp. Xvi. + 238, 10s. 6d. net. With plans and two
folding maps.
The foundations on which the author builds up his theory of the
successive steps Of the Saxon Conquest of Wessex are the existing
earthworks, the camps and ditches so numerous in Hampshire, Wilts, _
and Dorset. He allows, indeed, that most of these in all probability
had their origin in prehistoric times, but he insists that they were
available for use by the Romano Britons against the advancing Saxons,
as they had been by their forefathers against the Romans four hundred
years before, and that they actually did form the bases of the British
resistance. Accordingly, speaking generally, he reads his history by |
their light. He believes that Hampshire was really conquered by the
West Saxons, and he goes so far as to say that the boundaries of Hamp-
shire (until their alteration within the last few years) were settled at this |
Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &c, 513
period and represent the actual boundaries of Cerdic’s Wessex. Thus,
supposing that Cerdicesford was certainly Charford on the Avon, he
reads the true history of the battle of 519 in the conformation of the
Wiltshire boundary. In the Wiltshire promontory which projected
south until recently into Hampshire, he sees the evidence that the
battle was really a drawn one, that the Britons still held Whitsbury
Castle and the ridge behind it, though the Saxons acquired the land on
either side of the British advanced post.
From 519 to 552 the Saxons were consolidating their conquest of
Hampshire and waiting until they were strong enough to advance into
Wiltshire. At the end of this period the conquest of Old Sarum gave
Cynric command of the Wylye Valley and the capital of the new
province of Wilts was fixed at Wilton. Bokerly Dyke he would assign
to this period as barring the Saxon advance into Dorset over Martin
Down and defending the Roman road running south-west behind it,
and he suggests. that the Moot at Downton was the meeting place of
Wessex, whilst the conquest of S. Wilts was in progress. As regards
Grims Ditch, however, he allows that its name proves that the Saxons
found it already in existence and did not know who were its makers.
So far as Wiltshire is concerned an important part of the book is
that in which the Wessex campaigns of 876—8 are treated (Book II1.,
pp. 137—207). The story of the A. S. Chronicle and of Asser is woven
into a connected thread in one column and in a parallel column such
details from other writers as seem to bear on the subject are given.
Mr. Major will not hear of the Wiltshire Edington being the true site
of Ethandune. The authorities, he says, who have settled this point
hitherto have been blindly misled by Camden, and the whole theory is
based on the fact that the Chronicle of Ethelwerd appears to associate
Ethandune with Chippenham. Relying on the obvious difficulty which
defenders of the Wiltshire site have agreed to slur over, viz., that peace
was made at Wedmore and Aller, close to Athelney, and sixty miles
_ away from the supposed site of the battle at the Wiltshire Edington,
he contends that the fighting really took place on the ridge of the
Somerset Edington Hill, within sight of Athelney, on the edge of
Sedgemoor. He suggests that Alfred stole away by himself from
Athelney, and met the Wiltshire levies who had been warned to
assemble at Ecgbright’s Stone, z.e., somewhere near Alfred’s Tower at
Stourton—that they marched next day twenty-five miles to Butleigh,
near Glastonbury, which he suggests may be Aicglea (though he ex-
pressly says that the ancient Saxon name of it was “ Budeclega.”)
This would be only six or eight miles along the Poldens from Edington
Hill, where he suggests he attacked the Danes and drove them seaward
to the end of the hills, where at Downend a Norman fortress certainly
‘stood afterwards. This, he says, is the stronghold to which the Danes
retired. Here there was water, and a fornight’s siege might well have
been endured, an impossibility at Bratton Camp, in Wiltshire. He
places the defeat of Hubba and his men at Cannington Park and iden-
tifies more than a thousand interments found there as those of the
slain in the battle. i
514
Woden’s, Grim’s, and Offa’s Dykes. By Major P.
Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, ke.
In the chapter in which he examines the place names of the campaign
he maintains, in spite of Mr. Stevenson’s ridicule of Bishop Clifford,
that Cynuit was Combwich, or Cannington Park, close by, and after
holding up his hands in horror at Mr. Stevenson’s identification of
Aieglea with Iley, in Warminster, as “an amazing piece of specia
pleading,” identifies it himself with Butleigh, near Glastonbury. Why
is it that etymological arguments almost invariably do tend to special
pleading, at least in the view of everyone but thearguer? In any case
itis clear that the Battle of Ethandune is still being fought and probabl:
will continue to be fought for generations yet to come, without any
decisive result. The book is well written and the author gives sensible
reasons for the conclusions at which he arrives, though of course for
those ,;who, with Sir Henry Howorth, have ceased to regard the A. 8.
Chronicle as a dependable authority, the fact that the whole story of
the Saxon Conquest of Wessex is here founded upon the statements of
the Chronicle will largely discount its value.
Godsal. With Map. Harrison & Sons, 45, Pall
Mall, S.W. 1913.
Pamphlet, 8vo., pp. including title 23.
In this pamphlet Major Godsal brings his theory of the Saxon con= |
quest of England, which he has elaborated {in his recently published |
Storming of London, to bear on the question of the origin of the Great
Dykes. Starting from the base of Gen. Pitt Rivers’ excavations in
Bokerly and Wans Dyke, which proved certainly in the case of the
former, and probably in that of the latter, that their construction da
either from the latest period of the Roman occupation or after they
had retired from Britain, he argues that no period of history fulfils |
the necessary conditions for the making of great dykes such as Bokerly
and Wansdyke, the Devil’s Dyke and Fleam Dyke near‘Newmark
the various Grims Dykes in Wiltshire and elsewhere, and Offa’s Dy
on the Welsh border, except that of the Saxon conquest. He conten
that this conquest was not the result of isolated raids by freebooti
chiefs and their bands, but that it was a conquest undertaken by%
people organised for migration, and that the various incursions were
all part of a coherent plan of invasion. He then argues that the greai
dykes are “proof positive of some degree of military cohesion amon gst
their original constructors and defenders,” and that the Britons though
they undoubtedly constructed great tribal hill fortresses, had not the
necessary cohesion and organisation to undertake the “nye of Cross:
country dykes. ‘“ Weare in fact driven to the conclusion that only)
during the process of the invasion of Britain by the English do we find
the conditions under which we can conceive the demarcation, con-
struction, maintenance, and defence of dykes to have been possib
because the greater dykes are evidently frontier lines, and would
quire united action to make them, and constant national cohesion to
secure their defence. It is evident therefore that if they can be prove
Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &c. a15
to be of English origin, that the dykes are in themselves positive proof
of the united action of the English and their Saxon and Jutish kins-
men,”
Again, “we cannot believe that such works as the greater dykes
would ever have been made between two sections of the same race
and this remark applies both to the tribes of the Britons in early times,
and to the later territorial divisions or kingdoms of the Anglo-Saxons.
The dykes seem to pre-suppose an unquenchable animosity and
race hatred . . . between the peoples on opposite sides of such
dykes.”
It follows that they cannot have been divisions between different
tribes of Britons, or between different Kingdoms of the Heptarchy,
therefore they must have been divisions between Britons and Saxons,
and if so they must represent successive stages of the Saxon Conquest.
This is the writer’s argument, and if his premisses are sound the con-
clusion naturally follows—but are they? Is there really any reason
why the Britons should not have erected dykes as wellas camps? The
writer himself later on incidentally acknowledges that there is not, for
inasmuch as Bokerly will not fit in with the scheme of dykes made by
Saxons advancing from XS. to N., he supposes that it was made by the
Britons to defend Dorset from the Saxon attack from the Salisbury
neighbourhood. This, however, would still assign Bokerly to the period
of the English Conquest. Major Godsal distinguishes between the
fortified military dykes, of which Bokerly and Wodens’ Dyke are types,
and the ‘‘ mere boundary trench only sufficiently deep to make a lasting
and unmistakeable mark that could not be passed unnoticed, or be
easily obliterated. These latter dykes seem to have been those specially
called Grim’s Dykes.” He suggests that these dykes were dedicated
to Grim, whom he identifies with Woden, by the Saxons, their makers,
as a sacred boundary beyond which the Britons might not trespass.
Thus Grims Dyke between Bokerly Dyke and Salisbury would be the
Saxon boundary to the north of the British fortified line of Bokerly.
It is a curious suggestion: After all, as the author himself allows,
only the spade can really settle the date of any given dyke. His argu-
ment that dykes were impossible during the heptarchy does not seem
to be conclusive.
Biographical Sketch of Col. George Montagu
(1755—1815) English Field Zoologist. By Bruce
F.Cummings, Zoolog. Depart., British Museum.
Reprint from Zoologische Annalen, Zeitschrift fiir Geschichte der
Zoologie. Separatabdruck. Wirzburg. Verlag von Curt Kabitzch.
1912.
Pamphlet, 9tin. xX 64in., pp. 307—325. With 2 pages of addenda
and corrigenda published separately in 1913.
Hitherto the only biographical notices of Col. Montagu, of Lackham,
the most notable of Wiltshire Zoologists, have been the article by W.
Cunnington, in Wilts Arch. Mag., iii., 87, the notice in Dict. of Nat.
516 Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &e.
Liography, and an article in Journ. of Conchology, July, 1908, by E. W.
Swanton. Mr. Cummings has accordingly undertaken to give a further —
account of “this painstaking and practical field zoologist, who helped
to lay the foundations of the Natural History of our country.” He
divides his article into four sections : (1) The Man so far as he is known ;
(2) The facts of his life; (3) The Naturalist; (4) His Work, on Mammals,
Birds, Fishes, Molluscs and Worms, Crustacea, Echinoderms, Sponges.
He concludes with a bibliographical list of Montagu’s writings, —
amounting in all to eighteen items. Sections 1 and 2 are very lightly
passed over and no new facts seem to have come to light. As a
naturalist his eminence “ depended upon his acute powers of observation
and the perspicuous manner in which he regarded the facts which came
“under his observations. He excels as a describer.” Among mammals
his chief work was the discovery and description of three species of
British Bats, but his fame as a naturalist rests chiefly on his Ornitho-
logical Dictionary published in 1802. His chief discoveries and
identifications amongst birds, fishes, mollusca, crustacea, &c., are shortly |
mentioned. His most important work, perhaps, was done on the 8.
Devon coast after he had left Wiltshire, among the beasts of the shore
and the sea. In his Z’estacea Britannica he enumerated nearly four
hundred and seventy species, of which one hundred had not been
described before, as British.
The Cathedral Close of Salisbury and some of
its Houses. I. & II. A series of beautiful photographs with
some slight letterpress account of the various buildings illustrated, in
Country Life, Aug. 2nd, pp. 160—170, and Aug. 9th, 1913, pp. 194—203.
The North Gate; Cathedral from the 8.W.; The Palace, Entrance
Front, Bishop Poore’s Hall, The Chapel, The Staircase ; The Deanery,
from the Garden; The North Canonry Garden (2), Front of House; —
Archdeacon Lear’s House; Mrs. Jacob’s House, Front and Library; —
The Matron's College; Mompesson House, Front, Staircase (2), Front ~
with Matron’s College ; St. Anne’s Gate ; The King’s House, Front and
Back ; Canon’s House in N.W. Corner of Close, Front and Hall; The —
Wardrobe or Bishop's Storehouse, Front and Hall ; Cathedral from the ~
River. All these illustrations are admirable, and a good many of them
are views of buildings or interiors not illustrated elsewhere. ;
SheldonManor, Wiltshire, the Residence of Captain ~
F. Bailey. Country Life, Nov. 8th, 1913, pp. 638—645. The Porch, —
The Front from the S.E., The Way In, Within the Forecourt, Gate —
Piers and Buttresses, The Dining Room, Hall with Dog Gate at foot
of Stairs,Within the Porch, The Paved Garden, House from'the South, —
A Bedroom, The Staircase, and Ground-Floor Plan. All these are ~
admirable photographs of this interesting old house, a farmhouse until ”
Captain Bailey in 1911 brought it once more back to the condition of a
gentleman’s residence. Happily the outside required and has received
very little alteration, but inside little was left but the good staircase —
of the early 17th century and its dog gates. The panelling and stone
recent Wilishire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &e. aly
fireplaces of the dining room and hall shown in these photographs are
introductions of the 1911 alterations. The small domestic chapel to
the east of the entrance, used as a stable during the farmhouse period,
now acts as a storehouse. The letterpress gives a short account of the
Gascelyn and Hungerford Families, by whom the porch of the latter
part of the 13th century and the 17th century portions of the house
were built respectively.
Report of the Marlborough College Nat. Hist.
Soc. for the year ending Christmas, 1912.
No. 61. 1913. The most important article in this number is
that describing the cutting made in the Castle Mound in 1912, in which
results which were summarised in a short note by Mr. H. C. Brentnall
in the last number of Wilts Arch. Mag. are stated by him in greater
detail. No decisive evidence of the age of the mound was discovered,
but the presence of fragments of red deer horns with the brow tines
broken as if by use as picks seems to point to a Pre-Roman origin,
though antler picks may well have been used in later times, A
section of the cutting is given. Good work by the various sections is
reported during the year, one new Grass and seven new species of
Lemdoptera having been added to the local lists. It is noted that the
Little Owl (Athene Noctua), which has been on the increase in various
parts of England of recent years, appears to have taken up its abode at
Totterdown, where three have been shot and one caught alive since
1911. The rainfall of 1912 was 40°35 inches, or 83 inches in excess of
the corrected average for 48 years, which is 31°93.
Bowood. An article by A. T. Bolton in Country Life, Sept. 6th, 1913,
pp. 324—331, with the usual magnificent photographs. ‘These are :—
Adam’s Poreh on W. Side; Centre of the Diocletian Wing ; Mausoleum ;
Interior of Mausoleum; South Portico; Orangery, Vestibule leading to
Chapel; Hall; Dining Room Ceiling ; Drawing Room; Indian Room ;
A Fireplace, and the Drawing of it; Ground Plan. The writer believes
_ that Britton’s account is at fault in several important particulars, John
Earl of Shelburne, bought Bowood 1754, and died 1761. He is believed
to have built the Mausoleum, 1761. As Adam only started in business
about 1758, little work could have been done to the house under his
guidance in the time of thisearl. It must have been in the time of his
successor, William, Karl of Shelburne and first Marquis of Lansdowne,
that what we now see of Adam’s work on the house was carried out.
In 1766 the earl bought the unfinished Lansdowne House, in Berkeley
Square, which Adam had been building for Lord Bute. He died 1805.
The second marquis took no interest in Bowood. Henry Petty
Fitzmaurice, third marquis, half-brother of the second marquis, held
the property 1809 to 1863. George Dance’s alteration of the approach
to the Diocletian wing was carried out before 1814. The chapel was
Opened 1824. The final shaping of the house as we see it to-day
by Sir Charles Barry extended from 1834 to 1857. By this marquis
518 Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &c.
the grounds were extended from 70 to 1000 acres. Thecore of the
house and many of the smaller rooms are really survivals of the
old house of Orlando Bridgman, altered by Adam. The writer thinks —
that the three storey bay windows that flank the great portico of Adam
were probably part of the older house, and were only cased over by
Adam. The author discusses at some length the probable alterations —
made by Adam in the existing house, much of which he contends still —
remains. The Golden Gateway is Barry’s work of 1834, and the Italian —
Garden was laid out by him before 1849. ‘‘ There can be few better
pieces of architectural gardening than the Bowood terraces.” The
subsequent alterations of Adam’s work inside the house by Dance and
Barry are indicated. The chapel appears to have been peas neither of —
these architects.
Notes on the History of the Parish of North Wrax-
hall, Co. Wilts, with a life of the late Rector,
Francis Harrison, M.A., at one time Fellow,
Dean, and Tutor of Oriel College, Oxford. By
W. J. Lewis, M.A., F.B.S., Fellow of Oriel College,
Oxford, Professor of Mineralogy in the Univer-
sity of Cambridge. London: Society for Pro-
moting Christian Knowledge, Northumberland
Avenue, W.C. 1913.
Cloth, 7zin. x 5in., pp. vill. + 197. Illustrations: two portraits of
Rector in 1860 and 1906; Norman Door of Church; S. side of Church ;
St. John’s Church, F ov, General View at K. End; Birdseye View of
Baths at Roman Villa,
The Rev. Francis Harrison died March 10th, 1912, after having held
the Rectory of North Wraxhall from 1867—1908, during the whole of
which time he was, as his tombstone in Locksbrook Cemetery, Bath,
sets forth with no suspicion of exaggeration, “a devoted pastor, a rare
teacher, an unfailing friend.” During the later years of his life he
had been occupied in gathering materials for the history of the parish,
part of which he embodied in the “ Annals of North Wraxhall,” pub-
lished in 1906. A considerable portion of the notes and transcripts
which he had accumulated remained unpublished at his death, and is
has been a labour of love on the part of a former pupil and devoted”
friend, Professor Lewis, to edit this material, to weld it together, to
add a Life of the Rector, and descriptions of the Churches and the
memorial window erected to his memory. In this work he has, he tells |
us, been assisted by Mr. Anthony Story Maskelyne, whose hand it is”
not difficult to recognize in the large section of the book dealing with
“The Manor and its Lords,” “The Rectors,” and “The Chantry and
its Chaplains.” It is this section which gives its chief value to the
book from an historical and topographical point of view, and in the |
60 pp. or so which it comprises, is contained a large amount of family |
history chiefly derived from research among original documents, or from
Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, kc. 519
sources not easily consultable. The manor was held at the time of
Domesday by Godfrey, and in 1242 by Eustace de Wrokeshale. His son,
Sir Geoffrey de Wrokeshale, married, first, Juliana, and secondly, Rose,
widow of Philip de Erelegh. Sir John, probably his son, married Joan
Peverell, was taken prisoner at Boroughbridge, and lost his estates, and
the manor was granted to Sir Edmund Gascelyn, of Chippenham, for life.
Sir John, however,recovered the manor in 1326. As he died without male
heir in 1351—2, the manor passed to his nephew, John de Brokenberg,
who was succeeded by Edmund and Ralph of the same name. On the
death of the latter without male heir in 1390 the manor passed to the
descendants of the daughters of John de Wroxhale and Joan Peverell,
one of whom, Edith, married Oliver de Servyngton. By the Servyngtons
North Wraxhall was sold to Thomas Younge, son of a Bristol merchant,
Recorder of Bristol, 1447 and 1453, Justice of Common Pleas and
afterwards knighted. His granddaughter, Alice, married William
Malet, and carried two-thirds of the North Wraxhall Manor to that
family. Thomas Malet, Rector in 1525, built the nucleus of the present
Rectory. The Malets sold most of the property in 1614 and 1621.
Edmund Forde bought a portion of the manor cz. 1410, his daughter
and hejress marrying John Blount, and their daughter, Margaret,
married John Husey. 1In1532 William Button, of Alton Priors, bought
North Wraxhall, Compton Bassett, Compton Comberwell, and other
Wilts property from Lord Husey and William, his son. Sir William
Button, knight 1605, baronet 1621, bought West Tockenham Court,
in Lyneham, added to the Wraxhall property, and died 1654. Sir
Robert Button sold Wraxhall 1667, to William Grove, of Broad Chalke,
who in 1671 sold it to Robert Raworth, and in 1682 it was bought by
James Wallis, of Trowbridge. His son, Ezekiel, married Cecilia Selfe,
and from him the property has descended to the present owner, Lord
Methuen.
A note on the history and devolution of the advowson, together with
a list of institutions to the Rectory from 1318, with notes on the various
Rectors and their families, the latter giving proof of considerable
original research, are given. Incidentally, illuminating sketches of the
various families mentioned, Servington, Young, Malet, Husey, Button,
Blanchard, and Goddard of Poulton, and their connection with
Wiltshire, are given. The value of the benefice at different times, the
History of the Chantry, with a list of its incumbents from 1319, a list
of churchwardens from 1588, lists of inhabitants from various subsidy
lists, a chapter on agriculture, with a list of the flora of the parish and
a description of the Roman villa and other Roman finds (chiefly taken
from the Wilts Arch. Mag.), are given. There is also an account of the
career of John Howell, born April 23rd, 1776, who began life as an
errand boy at Bath, founded the great linen drapery business of Howell
& James, and left various benefactions to his native parish; alsoa
description of the Churches and Rectory, with notes on the monumental
inscriptions; the four terriers of the Rectory in 1588, 1608, 1704, 1783 ;
a deed of conveyance of land at Ford by William Yve to John Goule
in 1297; the will of John Harte, 1528; and a number of other matters.
520 Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, ke.
A fairly full index makes the book the more useful for reference. The
life of the Rector and the account of the parish institutions as they
now exist are written in a simple and popular way which will appeal
especially to his friends and parishioners and neighbours, whilst the
sections devoted to manorial and family history and the like bear
evidence of wide and accurate research and are undoubtedly a valuable
addition to Wiltshire Topography and History.
Villages of the White Horse. By Alfred Williams,
author of “Songs in Wiltshire,” “Poems in Wilt-
shire,” “A Wiltshire Village,” &c. London:
Duckworth & Co, 8, Henrietta Street, Covent
Garden, W.C. 1913:
Linen, 7#in. X 44in., pp. xvi. + 290. Sketch map of the district, —
5s. net.
In this volume the author follows up his study of South Marston in 4
Wiltshire Village with a series of shorter but somewhat similar studies of ©
the series of villages lying along the chalk escarpment from Basset Down
and Wroughton on the west to Kingston Lisle and White Horse Hill
on the east. The larger part of the district described lies in Wiltshire.
Basset Down, Barbury Castle, Salthrop, Wroughton, Burderop, Hod-
son, Chiseldon, Badbury, Liddington, Wanborough, Russley, Little —
Hinton, aud Bishopstone fill eleven out of the fifteen chapters, the
remainder being concerned with the country over the Berkshire bor-
der. Asin his former book so too in this the author’s strength lies in
his descriptions of the people, the working people of the villages, and
his transcriptions of their conversations and sayings. To any one who
knows the North Wilts folk it is clear that these are records of actual
conversations overheard by the author, they are not imaginary talk
put into the mouth of imaginary rustics, as is most of such talk in
books. It is safe to say that the North Wilts dialect is as truly rep-—
resented by Mr. Williams in these books as it ever has been or ever
will be in print, and the speakers are real as well as their talk, their
very houses are described, and their actual names are given. Mr.
Ferris of Salthrop, the old Sexton and Hunting Farmer at Wroughton,
the Keeper at Burderop, the Head Carter who was killed whilst break-
ing in a young colt at 84, young John the Blacksmith at Little Hinton,
and a dozen others are or have been real people. They live to a re-
markable age, they are all cheerful and contented, most of them have
a sense of humour of their own, and all are well worth knowing and ~
talking to. Mr. Williams, so far as the country is concerned, remains
an incorrigible optimist ; for him the hardest labour of the village and
the farm is a pleasure, compared with the grinding routine of the
Great Western Works at Swindon. He does not give us guide book
details, the architecture of churches and houses is but touched on and
that perhaps not always accurately, his derivation of place names —
would not always commend itself to the trained etymologist, but the
recollections of the games, the beliefs, the village industries of the past —
Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &c. 521
as gathered from the lips of the ‘ oldest inhabitant” are wholly good.
The “Hocker Bench”. at Bishopstone, and its connection with
traditions of the Danes, who will some day come back again; the
extraordinary story of the laying of the ghosts at Earls Court in Little
Hinton and the hag-ridden horses there ; the ringing of the curfew at
Bishopstone to guide those lost on the Downs ; the description of the
cock fighting ; of Col. Calley’s ox teams at Burderop, and the ox carter :
’ the clerk’s ale at Chiseldon ; the holding of the “ Court Leek” at the
Plough Inn, at Badbury ; the old industries of willow weaving and
willow plaiting, for hats, at Aldbourne; the origin of the name “ Lid-
dington Pig Diggers,” and the acorn pie, the cutting of which used to
usher in the feast at the same place ; the way the Amesbury folk “ feel
for daylight”; the bee customs; the meaning of “ Dobbin Sunday,”
and “ Hudson’s Pudding,” at Wanborough ; the method of cultivating
water cress at Bishopstone; the ways of the village foundry at
Chiseldon, and the superiority of its workmen and their life to that of
their fellows in the ‘“‘factory” ; all these things and many others, of
the greatest interest to Wiltshiremen are to be read of in the pleasant
pages of this book. It will certainly advance the author’s reputation
as a delineator of the ways and the talk of the folk of the North Wilts
Downs. Reviewed, Zimes Lit. Supp., Jan. 1st; Weltshere Times, Jan.
8rd, 1913.
Mary Sidney, Countess of Pembroke. By Frances
Berkeley Young. London: David Nutt, 57—59, Long Acre. 1912.
Cloth, 9in. x 5%in. pp. 6 unnumbered + 237. ‘7s. 6d. net. Three
portraits, from the pictures at Penshurst and in the National Portrait
Gallery, both attributed to Mare Gheeraedts, and a photo of the en-
graved portrait by Simon Pass. “The literary relations of the Countess
of Pembroke with her time” are the real subject of this book. “Asan
author on her, own account—a fair poet and an excellent translator—
she challenges our attention. More than all, however, she is significant
because of her attitude towards letters and scholarship.” Her “ancestry
“and childhood,” her life as “Countess of Pembroke 1577—1601,” as -
“Dowager Countess 1601—1621,” as “ Editor, Translator, and Author,”
as “Patron of Letters,” together with an account of the various works
dedicated to her, and literary references to her by the writers of the
time, make up the bulk of the book. Wherever available, her letters
are largely quoted at length. There is an appendix of her translation
from the Italian of The Triumphe of Death, a note on “the Countesse
of Penbrook’s Passion,” and a useful partial bibliography of Lady
Pembroke’s life and writings, together with a good index.
Sir Isaac Pitman. Pitman’s Journal, of Jan. 4th, 1913, contained
a “ Centenary Supplement” on Sir Isaac Pitman, pp. 30, containing the
following articles: ‘‘ The Centenary Movement and its Supporters,” by
Edward A. Cope; “ Life and Achievements of the Inventor of Phono-
sraphy,” pp. 4—21, with cuts of “ The Site of Sir Isaac Pitman’s Birth-
place at Trowbridge,” “ Boyhood Home at Timbrell Street, Trowbridge,”
OI
The Life of Sir Isaac Pitman (Inventor of Phono-
Devizes Corporation Water Supply. Its Inau-
Brinkworth An article in Wilts and Gloucestershire Standard, May
Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &e.
“School attended by Isaac Pitman,” “The Old Counting House in
which Isaac Pitman was Clerk, adjoining Courtfield House,Trowbridge,”
“The Interior of the Office,” ‘Kingston House, Bradford-on-Avon,
Early Home of the Pitman Family,” “Isaac Pitman’s House, Orchard
Street, Wootton-under-Edge, the Birthplace of Phonography,” “First
Phonetic Institute, Nelson Place, Bath, 1839—1851,” “ Design on the ~
Cover of the Pocket Edition of Phonography,” “Second Phonetic In-
stitute, No. 1, Albion Place, 1851—1855.” “Sirlsaac Pitman as I knew
him,” by the author of “The Life of Sir Isaac Pitman,” “The World’s
Use of Phonography.”
Pitman’s Journal, Dec. 6th, 1913, pp. 1008—1011, contains “The —
Trowbridge Memorial unveiled, Sir Isaac Pitman honoured “in his
Birthplace, -Lord Methuen’s high tribute,” an account of the proceed- ~
ings at Trowbridge on Nov. 20th, 1913, with photos of the bust of Sir ~
Isaac Pitman, Field Marshal Lord Methuen, Mr. J. Southgate, Mr. G.
Lansdown, and Mr. F. W. Long, of ‘Trowbridge.
graphy). By Alfred Baker, F.J.I. Centenary
Edition. London: Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons, Ltd.,
No. 1, Amen Corner, E.C., 1913.
8vo, aloth, pp. xi. + 392, 37 lates and 9 illustrations. The first
sino of this book, published in 1908, is noticed in Wilts Arch. Mag.,
xxyxvi, 154. The present, the second or Centenary Edition, contains
the same number of pages and with the exception of a few additions
and corrections is unaltered.
guration and Development. By B. Howard
Cunnington, F.S.A. Scot. (Chairman of Water
Works Committee). 1914.
Pamphlet, 84in. X 52in., pp., including title, 27, with sketch plan of
the site of the water works.
Mr. Cunnington has brought together here a full and accurate account
of the history of the Devizes Water Works from 1876, when the question
of their provision was first mooted, down to the present year, when the
author is urging upon the Corporation the desirability of at once building
a new service reservoir of more adequate capacity than the present one,
and of increasing the yield of the wells -by the driving of fresh adits |
from their sides. The account isa valuable record of the various stages |
of the works, of their cost, of the amount of water supplied, of analyses ©
of its contents, and of everything that concerns the past, present, and /
future supply of water to the Borough of Devizes.
9th, 1914, by J. Lee Osborn, with a photo of the Church. Some account
of the notabilities of Brinkworth, John Ayliffe, Tobias Crispe, &e., is
Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, kc. 523
given, and the architecture of the Church is described, the restoration
by Mr. C. E. Ponting being rightly praised for its care and conservatism.
Why the quaint animal supports of the Jacobean pulpit should be said
to be much earlier than the pulpit itself does not appear. They are
probably a valuable example of what the original bases of these
mee, which have in the great majority of cases been destroyed, were
ike.
Chippenham. One of Mr. J. Lee Osborn’s well-written topographical
articles in The Wilts and Gloucester Standard, March 14th, 1914. The
architectural features of the Church are well described. There are
photographs of the Bridge and of the Old Town Hall.
Bremhill and Stanley Abbey, Maud Heath’s Causey,
is another article by the same author, Wilts and Gloucester Standard,
April 11th, 1914. The Church is again well described, and affords a
text, as it well may, for one of Mr. Osborn’s savage onslaughts on
“restorers’’ and all their tribe. In his account of Stanley Abbey he
does not seem to know of Mr. Brakspear’s very full excavation of the
site. In connection with Stanley the ‘‘Word Ale” at Midgehall is
described.
Maude Heath’s Causeway, by “ Penwriter,” article in Wiltshire
Times, April 18th, 1914.
po icklade, by J. Lee Osborn. Cirencester, 1913. Pamphlet, 7in. x 43in.,
pp. 15, price 2d., is a reprint of the article which appeared in Walts and
Gloucestershire Standard with photos of St. Sampson’s Church with old
Market Cross ; St. Sampson’s Church, looking East ; St. Mary’s Church
with Cross ; St. Mary’s Church, looking East; St. Augustine’s Oak in
the Garden of St. Sampson’s Vicarage.
Coate, the Birthplace of Richard Jefferies, and
Chiseldon Church. By J. Lee Osborn. H. T. Harding, The
_ Abbey Press, Malmesbury. 1913. Pamphlet, 8in. x 53in., pp. 8. A well-
written sketch of Jefferies’life following Mr.Salt’s somewhat extravagant
estimate of the “ Pageant of Summer” and “The Story of My Heart ”
as prose poems “unsurpassed by anything which the: English language
contains.”
the Gospel Oak, Cricklade, St. Augustine’s
Meeting Place with the British Bishops.
Cirencester: by J. Lee Osborn, Wilts and Gloucestershire Standard
Printing Works, 1913. Pamphlet, 7in. x 42in., pp. 8.
The author, assuming that Bishop Browne is right in his contention
that “ Gospel Oak” marks the meeting place of Augustine and the
British Bishops, tells the story of that meeting here.
he Wilton Hounds. Article by X. in Country Life, Dec. 27th,
1913, pp. 923—925, with nine pier of hounds,
VOL. XXXVIII.—NO. CXXI. 2™M
*
524 Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, dc.
The Dauntsey Estate. The sale by auction of this estate, oe
formerly the property of Sir H. B. Meux, Bart., and left by Lady Meux ©
to Mr. F. Marsham Townsend, is noted in W eine Gazette, July 10th |
and 17th, Weltshire Times, July 12th, 1913, and other local papers, and —
the prices at which the various lots sold are fully noted. '
Brokenborough, Charlton and Garsdon. One of Mr. |
J. ee Osborn’s careful articles in Wilts and Gloucestershire Standard, —
July 19th, 1913, with good. photos of Charlton House and Garsdon”
Manor. The architectural details of Brokenborough Church are de-
scribed at some length. “There was a cavity in the north wall of the _
chancel, with a vertical shaft above it, blackened with fire. This was |
during a former “restoration” complacently built up: nobody knew |
what it was. Not a soul possessed the knowledge that it was a little
oven for baking the wafers for the host, such as:may still be seen at
Bristol Cathedral.” Charlton and Garsdon Churches are more slightly
dealt with. The oak staircase and dog gates of Garsdon Manor and the
fine Elizabethan mantelpiece are mentioned, and the fine tithe barn at |
Brokenborough.
Stonehenge, an appreciation, by William Burrough
Hill F.S.I., Southampton, 1914.
Pamphlet, 94in. x 6in., pp. 9. Printed by Southampton Times Co,
Ltd.
The writer is all for the preservation of Stonehenge, which he |
says is “‘ without doubt the oldest existing work of man in Britain.” He
also tells us that the last fall of a stone was on “ the 22nd of January
tenth of the actual dimensions,’ which “ fortunately can be easily
reproduced, as all the moulds have been preserved.” Otherwise there
photographic reproductions, “ After John Constable, R.A‘”:
Day”; “After J. M. W. Turner”; “Garden Miniature ” ;
Peep into the Sanctum Sanctorum,” 1724.
The Beanacre Estate (Lord Methuen’s). The Particulars of Sale
by Messrs. Knight, Frank, & Rutley, at the King’s Arms, Melksham
June 11th, 1914, 13in. xX 9in., pp. 36, with large folding coloured map
and key plan of the neighbourhood reduced from the Ordnance Survey,
is beautifully illustrated with fine photographs of the interesting old
houses—The Manor Farm: Front, Hall, and Fireplace in Drawing
Room ; The Manor House, Front ; Halfway House ; Westlands Farm,
Whitley.
Little Park (Wootton Bassett). Particulars of Sale by
Osborn & Mercer, at Goddard Arms Hotel, Swindon, 22nd June, 1914,
12in. X Qin., pp. 12, with folding coloured map and two good photos
of the exterior of the house.
Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, ce. 525
Grittleton House. Article on the garden, illustrated with photo of
the house from the lawn, in My Garden Illustrated, July, 1914, pp.
100—102.
The Wilton Diptych. By Sir Claude Phillips. Article in Daily
Telegraph, Feb. 17th, 1914, arguing at considerable length that this
famous portrait of Richard II. is not, as has been of late generally
agreed, of the Early French school, but is really an English work. The
possibility of its sale is also mentioned.
“The Hazelands,”’ in New Park Street, Devizes.
An interesting note on the history of this house and its occupiers is
given by Ed. Kite in Wiltshire Gazette, Nov. 27th, 1913, It belonged
to the Nicholas family, of Roundway, in Elizabethan days, and Robert,
son of John and Mary Nicholas, is believed to have been born here in
1595. He was Recorder of Devizes and M.P. in the Long Parliament,
1640, prosecuting counsel at the trial of Archbishop Laud, Sergeant-at-
Law 1648, and Justice of the Upper Bench and Baron of the Exchequer
later. After the Restoration he retired to Seend and died there 1677,
being buried without memorial at Southbroom. Ed. Richmond Nicholas,
M.B., died at the Hazelands, 1770. His eldest son, Robert, M.P. for
Cricklade, sold Roundway to the Sutton family and the Hazelands, in
1780 to John Anstie, clothier. On his death, 1830, the house became
the property of the Hazeland family (whence its present name) until
1887, when it was bought by the late John Llewellin. It has been
entirely modernized externally,
A memoir of the Goddards of North Wilts. Com-
F piled from Ancient Records, Registers and
Family Papers, by Richard Jefferies, Coate,
Swindon. ;
8in. X 6in., stiff wrapper, pp., including title, 43. ‘“ Privately reprinted
by Dwight Goddard, at Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A. 1912.” Printed by
Simmons & Bothem, Shoe Lane, London, H.C.
The two last pages contain a note from the “ History of the D’oyley
Family” and “Extract from Pamphlet written by William Austin
Goddard.” With this addition and the omission of pp. 54—56
containing the Apparition of William Avon, Jefferies’ book is re-
printed verbatim.
Other Days, Recollections of Rural England and Old
Virginia 1860—1880. By A. G. Bradley, London.
Constable and Company, Ltd., 1913.
Cloth, 8$in. X 53in., pp. x1. + 427. Portrait of the author.
The portions of this interesting book which deal specially with
Wiltshire matters are Chap. III., “ Dean Bradley and Marlborough in
the Sixties,’ pp. 64—104; Chap. IV., “County Cricket Forty Years
2m 2
526 Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, ke
Ago,” pp. 105 130; and part of Chap. VII., “ Wiltshire,” pp. 209—216.
Of these. the account of Dean Bradley’s mastership at Marlborough is
naturally the most important. His personality and methods, and the
school as it was under his government, are described with filial appreci- —
ation but at the same time with judicious discrimination, and the
resulting picture is one of much charm. The writer. knows and loves
Wiltshire well, and describes it accordingly, but the later chapters of
the book which deal with his life in America are by no means the least
interesting portions of the book, dealing as they do witha state of
things which has already passed away.
Bicentenary of the Free School at Wilton, founded
by Walter Dyer, of Chancery Lane, London, who left £600 to found a
school for the education of twenty poor boys of the Church of England.
An account of the school with list of old pupils and photos of the School”
House and a group of the “Foundationers” in their quaint uniform.
Salisbury Times, Jan. 23rd, 1914.
Alderman Edward Slow, of Wilton. An account of Mr. Slow
‘and his writings in the Wiltshire dialect, with photo, appears inSalishury
Times, Oct. 24th, 1913.
Malmesbury. An address on the Early History of Malmesbury, given
by the Bishop of Bristol to the Historical Association at Bristol, was
printed in full in Wiltshire Gazette, Jan. 15th, 1914.
William Spackland, of Chilmark. An article by W. J.
Malden, in The Ayricultural Gazette, on the Chilmark flock, belonging
to Mr. Flower, gives an account of the shepherd to whom in no sma
degree the success of the flock is due. Partly reprinted in Salisbury
Journal, Sept. 13th, 1913. y
The Wool Trade in the West of England, and the Manu-
facture of Cloth in Wiltshire, its history and present conditions, are
the subject of a valuable article in Zhe Times “Textile Number,” June _
27th, 1913. Partly reprinted in Salisbury Journal, June 28th.
Wiltshire M.Ps.in 1808. Biographical Notes on thirteen of the
Members for Wiltshire Constituencies in that seat are printed in
Wiltshire Gazette, Jan. 1st, 1914. :
Crudwell, Hankerton, and Oaksey. Article by J. Lee
Osborn in Wilts and Gloucestershire Standard, Aug. 30th, 1913, with
photos of Crudwell Church from $.W. and Interior of Oaksey Church,
The architecture of the three Churches is shortly described. 34
Compton Chamberlayne. The Hampshire Field Club visited
Compton Park Aug. 4th, 1913, and the Secretary, Mr. W. Dale, F\S. AS
gave an account of the Pennaddeblee family and of the contents of the
house, which is printed in the Weltshire Gazette, Aug. 7th, 1913.
Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphiets,. Articles, &e. ei
A Humourous Tale in the West Countrie and Cock-
ney Dialects entitled: ‘‘Jan Ridley’s New Wife ”’
with an account of her London Nephew Mister
Dick Daisher. By the author of the ‘‘ Wiltshire
Rhymes and Tales.” Price : cloth, 3s. 6d. ; boards, 2s. 6d. Salis-
bury: R. R. Edwards, 6, Castle St. Wilton: Miss Winters and Wm.
Jukes. [1913.]
7zin. X 44in , pp. 260.
_ This is one of Mr. Hdward Slow’s well-known stories in Wiltshire
dialect, of greater length than its predecessors. In this volume the
Cockney tongue is contrasted with that of Wiltshire successfully, and
it is needless to say that the dialect is well done.
Wiltshire Surnames. A note on the derivation of various
surnames, by J. C. Longstaff, is printed in Wiltshire Times, Feb. 28th,
1914.
Holt and Bradford Surnames. J. C. Longstaff has an in-
teresting note on several curious surnames belonging to these two
parishes. MWoaltshire Times, Nov. 15th, 1913.
Winsley. Abstracts of the wills of John Wythie, 1622, John Reynold,
1627, and William Hendy, 1647, of this place, are printed in Waltshire
Limes Nov. 15th, 1913.
George Crabbe. Av article on the recently-issued “ A Romance of an
elderly Poet,” with portrait of Crabbe. Weltshire Times, Nov. 15th, 1913.
Sir Isaac Pitman. Account of the unveiling of the bust in the
' Town Hall, Trowbridge, and speech by Lord Methuen. Photos of
bust and school formerly standing in churchyard, Trowbridge. Waltshare
Limes, Nov. 22nd, 1913.
‘Bradford-on-Avon. Programme of Church Pageant in Six Episodes
and Miracle Play .. . Saturday, June 7th, 1913.
Pamphlet, 8vo, pp. 15, with cuts of Bradford, description of Episodes,
and Hymns.
Church Work in Swindon. Article in The Home Mission Field,
Noy. 1913, pp. 97—102. Gives some account of the growth of Churches
and progress of Church work in Swindon since 1835, when the G.W.R.
bill was passed.
William Nash, of Patney, and John Bartlett, of
Conock, in Chirton, Yeomen, 1613, abstracts of Wills printed.
Wiltshire Times, Nov. 29th, 1913.
528 Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &c.
George Wyndham. ByC. Boyd. 9in. x 54in., pp. 44. Humphreys.
1914. Reprinted, with some additions, from the Cornhill Magazine.
1s, net.
Old Sarum. By Aaron Watson. Westminster Gazette, Sept. 17th, 1913.
A well-written article on the general results of the excavations.
Trowbridge Church. The Bath and District branch of the
Somerset Archeological Society visited Trowbridge on May 18th and
certain notes on the architecture of the Church by the Rev. A. D-
Ryder, a former Rector, were read, and are printed in fullin the |
Wiltshire Times, May 23rd, 1914.
Before the restoration of 1848 there was a quintuple lancet window
of the 13th century at the east end of the chancel, the remains of which -
can still be seen under the stone seats in the Rectory garden. The
buttresses and a portion of the tower at the west end are of this period,
probably about 1229. Other Early English stones were found built up
in the walls of the existing Church in 1848. The bases of the Early
English columns were also then found. The great rebuilding of the
Church took place about 1381, and the spire is of this period, and the
present windows have tracery (which though restored represents the
original pattern) of this transition style. John of Gaunt, by his marriage
with Blanche, daughter of Henry Plantagenet, became possessed of the
Duchy of Lancaster and also of the property of the Karldom of Salisbury, ~
and so of the Manor of Trowbridge, and traditionally he is said to have
rebuilt the Church. The prominence of the fleur-de-lys on the spire ~
also points to this. In the restoration of 1848, under Canon Hastings, —
all the roofs of the Church except that of the Wyke Chapel on the
N. side of the chancel were lowered, most of the old work was retained —
or reproduced, but the parvise in the 8. porch was destroyed, as well
as the E. window. The stone chimneypiece now in the vestry was |
removed from the parvise in 1848. Suggestions as to the significance —
of the curious heraldic devices on it were made by Mr. Ryder. Fi
Memorial to Bishop John Wordsworth. The service in |
dedication of the recumbent effigy of the late Bishop, by Sir G.
Frampton, R.A., and of the stall canopies which form part of the
memorial sohaTne in Salisbury Cathedral, on June 9th, with the re-
markable appreciation of his life and work delivered on the occasion |
by the Archbishop of Canterbury, is reported in full in Salsbury —
Journal, June 13th, 1914, with photos of the effigy, the Archbishop |
entering the Cathedral, and the Civic procession. Photo, Wiltshire
Gazette, June 11th, 1914.
The Green Roads ofEngland. By R. Hippisley Cox,
With 24 illustrations by W. W. Collins, R.I.,
and 8 maps in colour, and 87 plans. Methuen
& Co., Ltd. 36, Essex Street, W.C. London. [1%4.]
Linen, 8vo, pp. xv. + 217. 10s. 6d. net.
fiecent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, ke, 529
The purpose of the author is set forth in the preface thus :—“ The
accepted explanation that the earthworks were tribal strongholds, used
for local purposes only, appears to me impossible to maintain after
examining a map of the watersheds. These hill forts are obviously
arranged systematically along the watersheds, and there is much
evidence to prove that they were connected together by a fully-
developed system of travel-ways. In the South of England the com-
mon meeting place of these hill roads was Avebury, where the greatest
prehistoric monuments in Europe are still to be seen. It is not un-
-reasonable to suppose that this central gathering ground was the seat
of government, and that its authority extended as far as the roads that
radiate from it, and the earthworks that protected them. The evidence,
though mostly exclusive, points to the Stone Age as the period when
the hill forts were built, and if the ridge roads can be attributed to
the same time it follows that a civilization existed in this country long
before the Celtic invasions. To what stage that civilization had ad-
vanced it is difficult to realize, but the harbours connected with the
ridge roads suggest that there was much trade over the seas, and the
stone circles at Avebury, Stonehenge, Knowlton, and Rollright are
proof that astronomy had advanced beyond the limits of savage outlook.
It is indeed not impossible that the men of the Bronze Age destroyed
a civilization more fully developed than their own. At least the sun
worship of Neolithic man appears to have been a higher form of religion
than demoniac Druidism.” In order to establish his theory the author
assumes that all the large contour camps are of the Stone Age and
speaks of “hoards of flint implements” having been found in many of
them, statements which have really no foundation in the known facts
of the case. Indeed excavation is more and more tending to show that
many of the larger camps belong more probably to the times succeeding
than to those preceding the Bronze Age. Barrows and lynchetts and
ditches and settlements anywhere in the neighbourhood of “‘ridgeways ”
or ‘‘ ox droves” are regularly cited as proving the Neolithic Age of the
roads, whereas the overwhelming majority of the barrows are round
barrows, and therefore presumably of the Bronze Age, whilst there is
nothing to show that the ditches and settlements are not of the Iron
Age or the Roman time, and the lynchetts may be later still. The
author speaks, for instance, of Martinsell as “a complete Neolithic
settlement”; it is far more probably Late Celtic or Romano-British,
though the age has never been really determined. He regards Avebury
as twice as old as Stonehenge, though on what ground it would be
difficult to say.
The camps in his view are fortresses, strung out along the already
existing ways, for the protection of the trade routes and the merchandise
carried along them from Devon and Cornwall and Dorset to the
Chilterns, and East Anglia; the single ditched camps being cattle
kraals, generally to be found in the neighbourhood of the stronger
double-ditched fortresses. The barrows are arranged in lines or singly
on hill tops as sign posts to guide the traveller along the trails. It is
530
Wootton Bassett. Notes on the Town Hall andthe
Wiltshire Notes and Queries. No. 82. June, 1913.
Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &e.
a tempting theory, of which, if you are ready to accept camps, barrows, |
ditches, lynchetts, and British villages, as one and all of the same age,
and that the Neolithic, a good deal may be made, but it cannot be said —
to be founded on any real archeological evidence at all.
The book is a pleasant catalogue of the camps and trackways of the
South of England, with small plans of all the more important earthworks, |
Noticed, Times Literary Supplement, July 16th. 1914.
Relics and Portraits contained therein. Part I.
The Corporation Fire Engine and the Ducking
Stool. By the Rev. E. H. Goddard, Hon. Secretary
Wilts Archeological and Natural History So-
ciety. Parts II. and III. The Town Hall and
the contents of the building other than those in-
cluded in PartI. By W. Gough, Wootton Bassett.
Devizes: Printed by George Simpson & Co., Ltd. 1914.
Pamphlet, 8vo., pp. 27. lustrations of mace and sword.
Mr. Gough has ‘sounpillad a very useful description of the contents of
the Old Town Hall, which gives its character to the wide High Street
of Wootton Basset. In addition to the old Town Stocks, the Crimean
Gun, and the curious old Fire Engine of the middle of the 18th century, |
which are preserved under the Hall, there are in the Hall itself a con-
siderable number of engraved portraits and photographs of the Karls
of Clarendon and of others who have been connected with the history is
of the Borough. The list of these is accompanied by short but accurate
notes of the lives and careers of the persons depicted, forming a sort of
conspectus of Wootton Bassett worthies. The notes on the maces and
insignia are reprinted ie Wilts Arch. Mag., Xxviil., 28. a would 4 i
Osborn in the Wilts and Gloucestershire Standard, July 18th, 1914. |
As usual in these articles the architecture of the Churches is well dealt
with, the vials of the author’s wrath on this occasion ‘being poured in-
full on the heads of those who widened and “re-built” the Norman ;
chancel arch at Ashton Keynes. Two photos (poor ones) of the Church
and Upper Cross at Ashton Keynes are given.
Continued from former numbers are notes on the Family of Drew |
of Southbroom, with entries from the registers of St. Mary’s and St.
James’, Devizes, and Lacock, by Ed. Kite ; the Washington Memorials |
at Garsdon ; Jason Family of Broad Somerford, with a pedigree;
Wiltshire Protestation Returns of 1641—2; Marriage Bonds of the
Recent Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Articles, &c. 531
Peculiar Court of the Dean and Chapter of Sarum ; Marden Records;
and Steeple Ashton Churchwardens’ Accounts. ‘“ Notes on the Lineage
of Richard de Combe, Lord of Fitelton, Combe, and Tudeworth,
Sheriff of Wilts, 18 Ed. I.,” with a plate of his seal, is begun by
Baroness Von Roemer ; and the will of John Writh, Garter King of
Arms, 1504, devising iamde at ee Chelworth, igo Salisbury,
and Mi cae
Wiltshire Notes and Queries. No. 83, Sept., 1913.
iy es
Sherston Manor Rolls, Steeple Ashton Churchwardens’ Accounts,
Quaker Burials, Marriage Bonds of the Peculiar Court of the Dean
and Chapter of Sarum, Deeds of Marden, are continued, as well as
Notes on the Lineage of Richard de Combe, Lord of Fitelton, Combe,
and Tudeworth. Jn this number his descendants from 1293, the date
of his death, are traced down to 1600. A Deed connected with Sir
Edward Hungerford and land at Kington St. Michael, another con-
cerning land at Luckington belonging to Humphrey Fitzherbert, a
note on the early ownership of Lake, some entries in registers of the
Hillman family, and a further continuation of the paper on “The
Washington Memorials at Garsdon,” with an excellent photo of a por-
trait of Sir Lawrence Washington in possession of Messrs. Colnaghi,
and another of the old staircase at Garsdon Manor House, make up
the number.
No. 84, Dec., 1913. The paper on the Wash-
ington Memorials at Garsdon is concluded, with a good photo of the
plaster ceiling in the Manor House, and another of a carved and painted
stone shield of arms formerly apparently at Garsdon, but now in
possession of Mr, E. Woodey, of Coln St, Aldwyn, Fairford. The arms
are of Washington quartering (probably) Lawrence. ‘‘ Ministers in the
Malmesbury district about the time of the Civil Wars and Restoration ”
contains a series of notes from the Malmesbury Registers and a few
others, by way of appendix to Canon Wordsworth’s ‘‘ Wilts Ministers ”
in W.A.M., xxxiv., 159. Sherston Manor Rolls, Marriage Bonds of
the Peculiar Court of the Dean and Chapter of Sarum, a Calendar of
Feet of Fines for Wiltshire, Steeple Ashton Churchwardens’ Accounts
(with a good photo of the account book of 1543), Records of Marden,
and alelaixe Wills proved in the Prerogative Court oh Chats, Tom,
are continued.
No. 85, March, 1914. Mr. J. J. Hammond
has a paper on Clarendon, illustrated by a photo of a map of the Park
cir. 1640, in possession of Mr. J. W.Garton. A royal residence seems
to have been built here soon after the Conquest, and was in much
favour until after the reign of Ed. III., but in Elizabeth’s time it had
disappeared or was so ruined that she could not be entertained there.
Records of Marden, Sherston Manor Rolls, and Marriage Bonds of the
Peculiar Court of the Dean and Chapter of Sarum are continued. Mr.
A. Schomberg begins an annotated List of Wiltshire Nonconformist
Ministers ejected in 1662, compiled from Calamy’s “ Monconformist
Wiltshire Notes and Queries. No. 86, June, 1914.
Rt. Rev. John Wordsworth, DD. Bishop of
BOOKS AND ARTICLES BY WILTSHIRE AUTHORS.
Books and Articles by Wiltshire Authors.
Memorial.” A List of Incumbents from the Rowde Register, the Procla-
mation of the Lady Jane Grey as Queen, from the Municipal Records
of Salisbury ; Six Wiltshire Deeds connected with Lacock, Lackham,
Ham, and Hilmarton, are the remaining contents of the number. Ina
“Reply” it is suggested that the tomb with the rebus at Edington is
really that of William Burton, who became Abbot of S. Augustine’s,
Bristol, in 1530, and that he probably retired to Kdington and was
buried there, and that the rebus, like that on the cresting of the reredos
beneath the east window at Bristol Cathedral, is really W.B. with a
bur coming from atun. The Bristol rebus is illustrated and is plainly
a bur, but the Edington rebus is as plainly not a bur. Moreover there
seems no evidence whatever that Burton was ever at Edington.
Records of Marden, Marriage Bonds of the Peculiar Court of the Dean
and Chapter of Sarum, and Sherston Manor Rolls, are continued in this
number. A pedigree of Paradise of Devizes, with notes on the various
names, Monumental Inscriptions and entries in the Registers of Orches-
ton St. George, Devizes St. James, and Seend, is given by Messrs. A.
Schomberg and E. Kite. Notes on the Descendants of Edward Combe,
of Bridsor in Tisbury,by the Countess Von Roemer ; the Translation o
an Ordinance respecting the Vicar of Bradford, Nov. 5th, 1349 ; and an
account of the descent of the Manor of Compton Comberwell from the
Buttons to the Walkers, by J.S., form the bulk of the remainder of the
number. An interesting note ona Record of Treasure Trove in 1445, in
the Public Record Office is given, whereby it appears that John Clenche,
of Wootton Bassett, husbandman, and his servant, John Gibbes, whilst |)
ploughing at “ Berbury in the parish of Okeburne St. George” found a
jar of silver gilt, containing a lily and two images of silver gilt of the
value of £40, which they altogether declined to hand over to the King’s
Escheator.
s
»
Salisbury, “Novum Testamentum Domini Nostri Iesu Christi —
Latine secundum Editionem sancti Hieronymi ad codicum manuscript- |
orum fidem recensuit Iohannes Wordsworth, S.T.P., Episcopus Saris-—
buriensis in operis societatem adsumpto Henrico Iuliano White, A.M. —
S.T.P. Noui Testamenti interpretationis Professore apud Collegium —
Regium Londini. Partis secundz fasciculus primus Epistula ad Ai
Romanos.” Oxonii: e typographeo Clarendoniano London; Henry —
Frowde, Oxford University Press, Amen Corner, E.C. Edinburgh, |
Glasgow, New York, Toronto, Melbourne, and Bombay.
Demy 4to, pp. iv. + 152. Price 10s. 6d. net. The manuscript was —
revised by the late Bishop of Salisbury, though much of it was not
printed till after his death.
Books and Articles by Wiltshire Authors. 533.
Maurice Hewlett (of Broad Chalke). “Lore of Proserpine.”
Macmillan & Co., St. Martin’s Street, London. 1913.
Linen, 72in. X 5in., pp. xill. + 288. 5s. net. A series of accounts
of appearances of Faeries and other non-natural Beings purporting to
be experiences of the author himself and others, set forth with great
circumstantiality, even to the references to chapter and verse in imagi-
nary Folk Lore journals in which the fuller details may be found. One
of the stories of a Faery caught by a clerk in the Wilts and Dorset
Bank at Salisbury in 1887, and kept in a dog kennel at Wishford, has
appeared in print before. Reviewed, Times Literary Supplement,
May 8th, 1913.
John Ayscough. “Prodigals and Sons.” Chatto & Windus.
London. 1914. 6s. net. Twenty-seven short stories.
= Gracechurch.” Longmans & Co. 1913. 6s. Purports
to be the autobiography of the author as a small boy.
= ———— “ Monksbridge.” Chatto & Windus. London, 1914
6s. Anovel. Noticed, Times Lit. Supplement, March 5th, 1914.
Nive Bell (A. C. Bell, s. of W. Heward Bell, of Seend). “Art.”
London. Chatto & Windus. 1914.
Linen, 7#in. X 5}in., pp. xv. + 293. Six illustrations. 5s.net. An
elaborate treatise setting forth the work of the Post impressionists of
the 20th century as the only true “ Art” of modern times.
Alfred Williams (of South Marston). “Cor Cordium.” London.
Erskine Macdonald. 1913.
Cloth, 94in. xX 52in., pp. viii. + 82. Price 3s. 6d. net. Printed at
- the Arden Press, Letchworth. A book of poems, contains Historia
' Cordis, Retrospection, a Translation from Ovid, and thirty-four “ Songs
of Love.”
Noticed, Wiltshire Gazette, Jan. 1st, 1914.
1 Sermon preached in Cathedral, Sunday, Nov. 23rd, 1913. ‘‘The world’s
attitude towards Christianity,” printed in Salisbury Journal, Nov.
29th, 1913.
_D. Armour, of Purton Stoke. “Pastime in Good Company.”
Newnes. London. 1914. Price 15s. net. Fifty-five plates of Hunting,
Deer Stalking, Fishing, &c. Reviewed Zimes Lit. Supplement, March
‘19th, 1914.
a
Duchess of Somerset. “The Pride of Venice,” article in Zhe
Queen, Nov. 15th, 1913, pp. 862, 863, six illustrations.
‘Helen A. C. Penruddocke, F.R.GS.
“How Cut Flowers are arranged in Japan.” Art., with six illus-
trations. Queen, Dec. 28th, 1912.
584 Books and Articles by Wiltshire Authors.
Letter and two articles on Emigration. Daily Graphic, Dec. 2nd,
7th, 24th, 1912.
“ Floral Decorations seen in 8. Africa.” Art., with five illustrations
Queen, Aug. 16th, 1913.
“ Diary of a Japanese Garden.” Art., with six illustrations.
Sept. 27th, 1913.
-“Tife on an African Farm,” by a “Colonial Correspondent.” Daily
Graphic, Jan., 1913.
“Farming in Equatorial Africa.” Art., with three illustrations, May
24th, 1913. “‘ Coffee Planting in Equatorial Africa,” Sept. 13th, 1913:
“Tight and Sound in Equatorial Africa,” Oct. 4th, 1913. “ Maize as
an Equatorial Product,” Oct. 11th, 1913. “Dogs and Snake Bite,”
Dec. 5th, 1918. Arts. in Country Life.
“Farming in the Highlands of British East Africa.” Article
Wiltshire Gazette, March 19th, 1914.
Queen,
Canon McMillan, Vicar of Malmesbury. Sermon preached in
Malmesbury Abbey Church, Sunday, November 16th, before the
Mayor and Corporation. Printed in full in Wiltshire Gazette, Novy
20th, 1913.
Canon Douglas Macleane. “The Athanasian Creed.” Sir
Isaac Pitman & Sons. London. 1914. 2s. 6d. net. :
Noticed, Salisbury Journal, Feb. 28th, 1914.
Rt. Rev. F. E. Ridgeway, D.D., Bishop of Salisbury
Address at the Annual Meeting of the Synod of the Diocese. Printed
in full, Salisbury Journal, April 5th, 1913.
Ven. H. W. Carpenter, Archdeacon of Sarum. His
first Visitation Charge printed in full in Salisbury Journal, May 16th, —
1914.
The Ven. E. J. Bodington, Archdeacon of Wilts.
Charge delivered at the Visitations at Devizes and Marlborough, May, —
1914. Printed in full in Wiltshire Gazette, May 28th, 1914. It deals
chiefly with the duties of churchwardens, and Church finance.
Guy Rawlence. “he Three Trees.” London. Fisher Unwin. ;
1914. ‘din. X 5in., pp. 322. Price 6s. A novel, much of the scene
being laid in the Close at Salisbury.
Gen. F. G. Stone. “Ulster’s Position.” Article in Mineteenth |
Century Mag., April, 1914.
D309
WILTSHIRE PORTRAITS.
Ex-Sergt.-Major Edward Glass, of Alderbury ; Geoffrey E. Huth, of Roche
Court, Winterslow. Photos, Wiltshire News, Feb. 28th, 1913.
harles Penruddocke, High Sheriff ; T. S. Hill, of Trowbridge. Photos,
Wiltshire News, March 28th, 1913.
Rev. James Lowe, Congregational, Minister, Swindon; Jack Wade, of
Swindon. Photos, Wiltshire News, July 25th, 1913.
J. Tuckey, Cicely Turnbull (Mrs. Tuckey). Two photos, Wiltshire News,
Sept. 5th, 1913.
u. L. Morse. Photo, Wiltshire News, Sept. 12th, 1913.
obert Few, of Swindon. Photo, Weltshire News, Oct. 16th, 1913.
A. Woolford, footballer, of Swindon ; C. Williams, of Swindon. Photos,
Wiltshire News, Oct. 31st, 1913.
Charles Hill, of Swindon. Photo, Wiltshire News, Nov. 7th, 1913.
Miss Grace Gilchrist Clark, of Lacock. Queen, Jan. 21st, 1914.
W. B. Angliss, of Marlborough, and John Nott, of Devizes, Town Criers ;
and Rev. B. Vaughan Pryce, of Trowbridge. Three photos, Wiltshire
Times, July 19th. W. Angliss, Photo, Daily Mirror, July 17th, 1913.
W. Parsons, of Trowbridge. Photo, Wiltshire Times, Aug. 16th, 1913.
) r.and Mrs. George Neate, of Slaughterford. Photo, Wiltshire Times,
' Aug. 30th, 1913.
G. D. Armour, “An object in search of subjects.” Photo from pencil draw-
? ing by himself, Country Life, July 19th, 1913.
jLord Ludlow. Photo, Queen, Sept. 27th, 1913.
Thomas Bruce, Lord Ailesbury. Photo from engraving by F. Harrewyn.
| Queen, Sept. 27th, 1913.
}Sir John and Lady Fuller. Photo, Wiltshire Times, Oct. 11th, 1913.
{Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Stanton, of Whitley. Photo, Wiltshire Times, Nov.
| 8th, 1913.
|James Beaven, Mayor of Chippenham. Photo, Wiltshire News, Nov. 7th,
1913.
Countess of Kerry. Full page photo, Country Life, Oct. 25th, 1913; small
- photo, Daily Mail, Oct. 8th, 1913.
ht. Hon. W. H. Long. Weltshire Times, Nov. 29th, 1913.
Wames Beaven, Mayor of Chippenham; G. H. Buckeridge, Mayor of
Wilton ; James Macklin, Mayor of Salisbury. Three small photos,
_ Western Gazette, Nov. 14th, 1913.
rt. and Mrs. Elias Butt, of Bradford-on-Avon. Two photos, Wiltshire
Times, Dec. 27th, 1913.
Countess of Suffolk and Berkshire and her sons. Full page photo,
. Country Life, Nov. 29th, 1913.
Mr. and Mrs. Edmund Minty, of Dilton Marsh ; Rey. J. F. A. Stimpson,
Vicar of St. Thomas’, Trowbridge. Photos, Waleshine Times, Jan. 3rd,
1914,
jRev. J. F. A. Stimson, Vicar of St. Thomas’, Trowbridge. Photo, Wiltshire
| Times, March 21st, 1914.
#
Ns
V
‘}
536 Wiltshire Portraits.
Mrs. Calley (of Burderop) with her Pekingese Dog. Photo, Queen, Jan. 3rd,
1914.
E. Arthur Mallett, chief sec. S. Wilts Constitutional Assoc. Photo, Salzs=
bury Journal, Oct. 25th, 1913.
George Wyndham, statesman and man of letters. Full page photo, Sphere,
June 14th, 1913.
Rev. J. F. Alec Stimpson, Vicar of St. Thomas’, Trowbridge ; Rev. A.
killed in motor accident; group of Rector and choir at Upton Scuda
more. Four photos, Wiltshire News, Jan. 2nd, 1914.
Police Constable E. C. Carter, of Trowbridge, presented with the Royal
Humane Society's medal. Photo, Wiltshire Times ; Wiltshire News,
April 25th, 1914. }
Rev. Frank Smith, Minister of North Row Baptist Church, Warminster
and Quarter-Master Edwin Parrott, of Bugley Farm, Warminster, died
April 25th, 1914, aged 86. He had served in the Somerset and Wilts |
Yeomanry for 54 years. Photos, Wiltshire Times, May 2nd, 1914.
Mr. and Mrs. William Crofts, of Chippenham. Photos, Weltshire Times
May 16th, 1914.
Miss Elise Lorna Heward Bell (Mrs. Acton) and Capt. William Maxwel
Acton, with group of bridesmaids and pages. Photos, Wiltshire News,
May 8th, 1914.
Henry Newbolt (Netherhampton). J?lust. Lond. News, June 28th, 1913.
Quarter-Master-Sergeant Alfred Ernest Lendon, of Chapmanslade. Photo,
Wiltshire Times, May 30th, 1914.
Hon. Clare Tennant. Photo, Queen, June 13th, 1914.
Lord Ludlow. Photo, Queen, June 20th, 1914.
Rev. F. A. Ingham, Primitive Methodist Minister, Chippenham. Photo
Wiltshire Times, July 11th, 1914. :
Miss Clare Dorothy Phipps (Mrs. F. A. Dickenson). Photo, Queen, July
11th; Wiltshire Times, July 25th ; Wiltshire News, July 25th, 1914.
Lord and Lady Lansdown. Photo, Vatler, July 15th, 1914.
Mr. and Mrs. G. P. Fuller, and view of Neston Park. Golden wedding,
Three photos, Weltshire Times, Jan. 31st, 1914. ‘
Thomas Merchant, postmaster of Amesbury. Photo and obit. notice, |
Salisbury Times, Oct. 24th, 1913. i
W. J. Mann, of Trowbridge; Rev. Guy Campbell, Rector of Wilton; R
J. Massey, of Trowbridge; Colour-Sergeant E. F. Thomas, of the Wi
Regiment ; Ernest Spackman, of Swindon. Five photos, Weltshive
News, Dec. 20th, 1913.
Archdeacon Lear, the Archdeacon’s residence in the Close, and the Priced
Door at Bishopstone Church. Three photos with some account of the
Archdeacon on his 90th birthday. Salisbury Times, Aug. 29th, a8
H. W. Beaven, of Bradford. Photo, Weltshire News, Oct. 17th, 1913.
Hon. Mrs. Perey Wyndham. Photo, Queen, Feb. 7th, 1914. :
Rt. Hon. Charles Hobhouse, M.P., Postmaster General. Photo, ; ple E
Feb. 21st, 1914.
W. C. Martin (Melksham), E. H. J. Young (Limpley Stoke), W. J. smith
Wiltshire Illustrations. 537
(Bratton), A. J. Davis (Dilton Marsh). Four photos, Weltshire News,
Feb. 27th, 1914.
Clement Woodbine Parish (of Warminster). Photo, Weltshere Times, July
18th, 1914.
Rey. A. T. Richardson, Vicar of Bradford ; C. M. Sherrif, of Melksham.
Photos, Wiltshire News, June 12th, 1914.
WILTSHIRE ILLUSTRATIONS.
Swindon, Wedding of Miss Poppy Pakeman, Waltshire News, March
28th, 1913. Children’s Cinderella (two photos); Workhouse Children’s
Home, Wiltshire News, April 4th, 1913. Amateur Theatricals ;
Fancy Dress Carnival, Wiltshire News, Feb. 28th, 1913. Protest
Demonstration against the Welsh Disestablishment Bill (8);
Wiltshire Working Men’s Conservative Benefit Society’s Féte (2) ;
Swindon Workers’ Educational Association at Purton ; Swindon Police
Cricketers; on one page, Wilts News Supplement, July 4th, 1913.
High School Sports (six photos); Picture House Gardens. Waltshire
News, July 25th, 1913. Westlecott Tennis Club ; Great Western Hotel
Garage Fire (four photos), Waltshire News, Aug. 1st, 1913. Wedding,
Gorse Hill Liberal Féte (three photos), Wiltshire News, Aug, 8th, 1913.
Children’s Féte (six photos), Waltshire News, Aug. 15th, 1913. Wedding.
Wiltshire News, Aug. 22nd, 1913. Fire Brigade ; Fred Wiltshire,
Fireman; Primrose League Garden Party (two photos); Football,
Wiltshire News, Aug. 29th, 1913, Boy Scouts’ Display (four photos) ;
Schoolboy Footballers (three photos); Youngest Cyclist, Wealtshire
News, Sept. 26th, 1913. Funeral of L. L. Morse (two photos) ; Football
(four photos), Wiltshire News, Sept. 19th, 1913. Hospital Parade (three
photos); Young “Robins” Football (four photos), Wiltshire News,
Sept. 12th, 1913. N. Wilts Band of Hope Gala (four photos), Wiltshire
News, Sept. 5th, 1913. Wedding of Mr. Holloway (four photos) ; Wed-
ding of Mr. James; Football (six photos), Wiltshire News, Oct. 3rd,
1913. Wedding of Mr. E. Godwin (two photos) ; Floods, Wiltshire
News, Oct. 16th, 1913. New Parochial Hall of Parish Church ; “Vics”
Football Club ; New Players ; Morris Dances, Weltshire News, Oct. 17th,
1913. Bishop of London at (two photos); Derelict Canal (two photos) ;
Lloyd George speaking at ; Unionist entertainment (two photos), W2i¢-
shire News, Oct. 24th, 1913. Football (seven photos), Weltshire News, Oct.
31st, 1913. Schools Football Team ; Fancy Dress Carnival (two photos),
Wiltshire News, Nov. 7th, 1913. Wesleyan Church Bazaar (two photos);
New Mayor; Football (three photos), Waltshire News, Nov. 14th, 1913.
Mayor and Corporation at Chapel (four photos); Free Church Hisfeddfod
(two photos), Weltshire News, Nov. 21st, 1913. Football Match (six
photos); Unionist Tea, W2ltshare News, Nov. 28th, 1913. Junior Imps’
Soiree; National Reservist’s Funeral (two photos); The Big Loaf,
Wiltshire News, Dec. 5th, 1913.
538 Wiltshire Illustrations.
Salisbury. Church Lads’ Brigade (three photos); Distribution of Soup
(two photos); Sarum Wanderers; Wiltshire News, Feb. 28th, 1913.
Football Tournament, Wiltshire News, March 28th, 1913. Market 9
Day ; Scene at Picturedrome ; Mr. Creighton’s Prize Heifers, Weltshire q
News, Dec. 20th, 1913. Christmas Market, five photos on one page,
Daily Mirror, Dec. 1913.
Broad Hinton. Mr. and Mrs. Horton drawn through Village, Waltshire
News, Oct. 3rd, 1913.
Clyffe Pypard Wedding, Wiltshire News, Sept. 12th, 1913.
Devizes Barracks, 3rd Battalion Wilts Regiment receivesits colours. Three ¥
photos, Wiltshure Gazette, July 17th, 1913.
Mrs. Calley’s Pekingese and Challenge Cups. Waltshere News, October |
17th, 1913. |
Enford. Murder of Police Sergeant, portrait, cottage, &c. Four photos, |
Wiltshire News, April 4th, 1913.
Marlborough Christmas Fat Stock Show. Two photos, Wiltshire News, |
Dec. 20th, 1913. ai
Parton. Funeral of Owen Woolford. Four photos, Wiltshire News, Nov. |
7th, 1913. Flower Show, three photos, Wrltshire News, Aug. 22nd, 1913. |
Stratton Unionist Féte, Weltshire Mews, Aug 8th, 1913. Flower Show |
two photos, Wiltshure News, Aug. 22nd, 1913.
Wanborough Unionist Féte. Four photos, Wiltshire News, Aug. 8th, 1913.
Wilton. Dinner to Territorials. Wiltshire News, Dec. 20th, 1913.
Wootton Bassett. Wedding, Wltshire News, Nov. 28th, 1913.
Lacock Church and 15th Century House. Two cuts, Wiltshire Times,
July 19th, 1913.
Trowbridge. Carnival, Mrs. F. W. Stancomb’s Tableau, photo, Wiltshire
Times, June 28th, 1913. Balloon ascent, Weltshire Times, July 12th,
1913. Cattle Show, seven photos, Waltshire News, Dec. 19th, 1913.
Carnival, two photos, Wiltshere Times, June 27th, 1914. é
Gospel Oak-Colonial Training Farm, Purton. Five photos on prospectus,
1913.
Hamptworth Lodge, Wiltshire. HE. Guy Dawber, architect. F. J. Watson
Hart, delt. 1913. Photo-litho. J. J. Akerman. A double-page
drawing, with ground plan in the text. Building News, June 13th, 1913.
Atworth Institute, Mrs. Fuller laying the foundation stone. Weltshire
Times, Aug. 23rd, 1913.
West Wilts Bowling League, Presentation of Cup to pe Club.
Photo, Wiltshire Times, Sept. 6th, 1913.
Holt Congregational Church. Block from pen aneeined Wiltshire Times,
Oct. 11th, 1913. ;
Devizes Fair, Oct. 20th, 1913. Five photos on one sheet. Dazly Mirror,
Oct. 21st, 1913.
Bathurst Shield for School Gardening. Waeltshure Times, Nov. 29th, 1913.
Marlborough Fair. Six photos of cattle on one page. Daly Mirror, Nov.
25th, 1913.
West Tytherton Manor (one photo), Amesbury Abbey (five photos). Country
Life Supplement, Dec. 6th, 1913.
Wiltshire Illustrations. 539
Wiltshire Regiment's March. “Arriving in Salisbury,” ‘“‘The Dinner in
the Market House.” Two photos, Salisbury Journal, June 21st, 1913.
Marching into Trowbridge, Luncheon at the Market House. Two
photos, Wiltshire Times, June 21st, 1913.
Village of Snap, “ Deserted Villages in an English County.” Three small
photos in one. Daily Mirror, July 12th, 1913.
Bowood. Red Cross Society. Inspection of Voluntary Aid Detachments.
Three photos, Wiltshire Gazette, Aug. 7th, 1913.
Beanacre, Old Manor House (17th century), Front and Fireplace. Two
photos. Country Life Supplement, May 2nd, 1914.
Devizes, Empire Day Celebration. Two photos. Woltshire Gazette, May
28th, 1914.
Devizes Corn Exchange a Temporary Hospital. Two photos. Wiltshire
Gazette, June 4th, 1914.
Stonehenge. Photo. Queen, May 30th, 1914.
Sun Worshippers at Stonehenge. Photo. Daily Mirror, June 23rd, 1914.
Castle Combe. Photo. Queen, June 6th, 1914.
Wilton House (Jacobean Front) and Longford Castle. Two photos. Con-
noisseur, Christmas Number, 1913.
Aeroplane Saluting, Salisbury Plain Review. Photo. Daily Mirror, June
23rd, 1914.
-“& Riding Tour in the School Holidays,” a short article in Country Life,
May 30th, 1914, pp. 813—816, is illustrated by thirteen plates, of which
“ Near Little Bedwyn,” “ At Aldbourne Cross,” “In Aldbourne Village,”
“Uphill Work near Compton,” “A By-day at Ramsbury,” “ Leaving
Ogbourne St. George,” and “ Resting in Savernake Forest” are connected
with Wiltshire.
‘Horningsham. The Elizabethan Congregational Chapel. Photo. Sphere,
July 4th, 1914.
Littlecote and Devizes Castle. Two Photos, Supplement to Country Life,
Jan. 24th, 1914.
Wiltshire Regiment Tragedy in S. Africa. Trial of Private Waite for
murder, ‘wo photos. ‘Trowbridge Football, three photos, Wiltshire
News, Dec. 20th, 1913.
“Bradford Football Team. Photo, Weltshire News, Oct. 17th, 1913.
‘The V.W.H., Cricklade. A series of pencil drawings by G. D. Armour,
"reproduced in Country Life, Feb. 7th, 1914, with slight letterpress by
G “The Master getting over Crouch Brook with a scramble,” “A
Blind Ditch benefits the Hatter,” “Into the Green Lane by Water
Eaton Covert,” “ Some mud plugging in Red Lodge Woods,” “ At Hay
Lane Wharf.”
‘Biddestone. “ Making their own Graveyard,” ‘‘The Parishioners of
Biddestone are laying out their own Burial Ground.” Photo, Daily
Mirror, March 10th, 1914.
The Historic Diptych of Richard IT. kneeling before the Virgin Mary, in
the possession of the Earl of Pembroke. Double page photo, Sphere,
March 14th, 1914.
Red Cross review near Malmesbury. Two photos, Sphere, July 18th,
1914,
VOL. XXXVIII.—NO. CXXI. 2N
540 Additions to Museum and Library.
Bradford-on-Avon Tithe Barn. Photo, Wiltshire News, July 17th, 1914.
Salisbury. Empire Day Celebration, picturesque ceremonial in the
Market Place. Photo, Salisbury Journal, May 23rd, 1914. St. Mark’s
Church, completion of Nave, Laying Foundation Stone. Photo,
Salisbury Journal, June 6th, 1914.
Melksham. An Egg, Weltshire News, March 28th, 1913. Convention,
Wiltshire Gazette, July 2nd, 1914. Cricket Team and Bowlers, and
Bat (3) ; Melksham Tennis Players (2), Westbury Bowlers. Photos,
Wiltshire News, June 12th, 1914.
Wilts County Bowling Team, Red Cross Competitions at Trowbridge,
Bradford-on-Avon Regattta (3). Photos, Wiltshire News, July 24th,
1914.
Little Park (Wootton Bassett). Photo, Country Life Supplement, May
30th, 1914.
ADDITIONS TO MUSEUM AND LIBRARY.
Museum,
Presented by Mr. B. H. Cunninaton: A Dress Sword found inthe wall ©
of an old house in the Market Place, Devizes, 1913; ~
small Bronze Spearhead from Knowle Farm Pit; 14th —
Century (?) Dagger found at Pans Lane, Devizes, 1914;
Ground Celt of Hard GQritstone (1) from Roundway ;
Roman Hinge pin brooch found near Shepherd’s Shore, ;
1914.
m » Rev. E. H. Gopparp: Saurian Bones from Kimmeridge
Clay of Compton Bassett, and Calne. J
i » Rev. H. G. O. Kenpatt, F.S.A.: Bronze Fibula found at —
Avebury, La Tene III. type, pin missing ; Flint Showing ©
lustre; Fossil wood from Tertiary beds on top of
Hackpen Hill; Neolithic Flints. ;
PY » Mrs. Story MaskptyNe: Fragments of Roman Pottery
from rubbish heap at Basset Down, 1913.
re » Rev. E. P. Knusrey: 17th Century Token of Steeple
Ashton.
a » THE O~rp Sarum Excavation CoMMITTEE: A quantity
of specimens of (broken) Medieval Pottery found in the
excavations.
- ,, Rev. Canon Masters: Bone Apple Scoop found in
Rectory Garden, Stanton Fitzwarren.
Mr. W. G. Cottins : Bronze Pin found at Westwood, with
Roman Pottery and Stone Coffin.
Rev. C. V. Gopparp : Iron Arrowhead, from Burcombe.
Messrs. W. & E. Curvers, of Devizes: A large Pewter
Inkstand inscribed “ County of Wilts.”
Rev. E. P. Knustey: Ground Celt of Basalt found in
“ Coople Church Field,” Keevil, 1913.
Additions to Museum and Library. 541
Presented by Mr. Gites Carvers: Copper Plates of Shop Fronts
formerly existing at No. 1, Little Brittox, and No. 2, St.
John Street, Devizes; Case to hold charges of shot ;
Door bolt, lock and key ; Balances for weighing guineas
and sovereigns.
Library.
Presented by Mr. H. E. Mrpriicorr: Two Sheets of the Ist issue of the
25 in. Ordnance Survey of Devizes, North Wilts Church
- Magazne, Wiltshire Gazette, Salisbury Diocesan Gazette,
all complete for 1913. A number of Wilts Portraits,
- Illustrations, Sale Catalogues, Pamphlets, &c.
& » Mr. Emmanuret Green, F.S.A.: Eleven Old Wiltshire
Pamphlets ; MS. Inventory of Deeds belonging to J. G.
Nichols ; MS. Notes of Antique Inscriptions in Italy by
Sir R. C. Hoare; “The Unfortunate Concubine or
Rosamond’s Overthrow,” and other items.
s » Me. J. J. Stade: Print of Hamptworth House.
» » Mr. Dwicur Gopparp: “A Memoir of the Goddards of
North Wilts, by Richard Jefferies. Privately reprinted,
1912.”
» » LHE PUBLISHERS oF Wilts and Gloucestershire Standard :
Three Wilts Articles reprinted from that paper.
f , A. ScHomBrre: Wilts Pamphlets and Papers.
a » HE AuTHoR (W. B. Hitz) : “Stonehenge, an Appreciation,”
1914.
3 » Ricur Hon. Lorp Firzmavuricre: A donation of £6 6s. for
purchase of books.
Bs ,» THe Autor (B. F. Cummines): “A Biographical
Sketch of Col. George Montagu (1755—1815), English
Field Zoologist.” Reprint from Zoologische Annalen, 1912.
, » LHe AUTHOR (Masor P. T. Gopsat): “ Woden’s, Grim’s
and Offa's Dykes,” pamphlet, 1913. “The Storming of
London and the Thames Valley Campaign, a Military
Study of the Conquest of Britain by the Angles,” 8vo., 1913.
» » 3B. H. Cunnineton : “ Devizes Corporation Water Supply,
its inauguration and Development,” 1914, by B. H.
Cunnington. Original Deed of Lease by the Mayor and
Burgesses of Devizes to Benjamin Stevens, clothier, of
the Sign of the Gun, &c., 1703. Four Gillman’s Devizes
Directories.
Tur AutHor (Epwarp Stow): A Humourous Tale in
the West Countrie and Cockney Dialects entitled “ Jan
Ridley’s New Wife, d&c.,” 1913.
Miss PLeyDELL Bouveriz: Wiltshire Advertiser for 1913.
Rev. E. H. Gopparp: Wilts Pamphlets, Illustrations,
Articles, &ec.
Dene
542
Presented by
Additions to Museum and Library.
Rev. R. W. Hay: Four vols. of Works of John Davenant, —
Bishop of Salisbury, translated by Rev. Josiah Allport,
Incumbent of Chippenham.
Tue Autor (A. J. Magsor): “Early Wars of Wessex, J:
being studies from England’s School of Arms in the
West,” 8vo, 1913.
Tae AurHor (ALFRED WitLrams): “Cor Cordium,” 1913. 7
“Villages of the White Horse,” 1913. mF
Tue AuTHoR (Proressor W. J. Luwis, F.R.S.): Notes #
on the History of the Parish of North Wraxhall witha |
Life of the late Rector, Frances Harrison, M.A., 1913. +
Mr. A. D. Passmore: Old Book connected with Aldbourne. 9
THe AvutHor (J. Perkins) : “The Corporate Property |
and Freedom of the Borough of Chippenham,” 1905.
Tue Autsor (Miss Lovisonp): “A little Book about J
Lake House.” :
THe Misses BakER: Papers by the late T.H. Baker on
“The Management of Highways ” and “ Tithe.” SE
THe Autuor (G. B. Hony): “Notes on the Birds of @
Wiltshire.” Reprinted from ‘‘ British Birds,” 1914. iE
Tue Rev. B. W. Braprorp: “Testa de Nevill,” 1807.
‘““Nonarum Inquisitiones, 1807. Six Civil War Pamphlets.
Six other Wilts Pamphlets. |
Miss B. Ansriz: Four small 4to Bound MS. Volumes of @
“The Devizes Miscellany of Literature, Science, and Art, |
1836, 1837, and 1851.”
THe PUBLISHERS (Sir Isaac Prrman & Son): “‘ The Life
of Sir Isaac Pitman. By A. Baker. Centenary edition,
1913.”
Mr. G. Simpson : Building News.
Rev. C. V. Gopparp : Four Drawings of Antiquities.
THe AutTHor (W. GoueH) : “ Wootton Bassett. Notes on
the Town Hall and the Relics and Portraits contained
therein,” 1914. z
Tue AutHor (W. A. Wess) : ‘ Bromham, a History of a
Wiltshire Parish, 1913.” Small 4to typewritten, Four
Photos of old Houses at Bromham. ‘Typewritten Tran-
script of Bromham Registers, 1701 to 1800.
Mr. May: Two Prints of Wiltshire Houses.
6 81 090
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THE SOCIETY’S PUBLICATIONS (Continued).
STONEHENGE AND ITS BARROWS, by W. Long, Nos. 46-47 of the.
Magazine in separate wrapper, 7s. 6d. This still remains the best and most
reliable account of Stonehenge and its Earthworks,
WILTSHIRE—The TOPOGRAPHICAL COLLECTIONS OF JOHN
AUBREY, F.B.S., A.D. 1659-1670. Corrected and enlarged by the Rev.
Canon J. E. Jackson, M.A., F.S.A. 4to, Cloth, pp. 491, with 46 plates.
Price £2 10s.
WILTSHIRE INQUISITIONES POST MORTEM. CHARLES I. 8vo,
pp. vii. + 501. 1901. With full index. In 8 parts, as issued. Price 13s.
DITTO. IN THE REIGNS OF HEN. IIL, ED. I., and ED. II. 8vo
pp. xv., 505. In parts as issued. Price 13s,
A BIBLIOGRAPHY or tHe GREAT STONE MONUMENTS of
WILTSHIRE, STONEHENGE anp AVEBURY, with other references,
by W. Jerome Harrison, I°.G.S., pp. 169, with 4 illustrations. No.89,Dec.,
1901, of the Magazine. Price 5s. 6d. Contains particulars as to 947 books,
papers, &c., by 732 authors,
THE TROPENELL CARTULARY. Animportant work in 2 vols., 8vo,
pp. 927, containing a great number of deeds connected with property in many
Wiltshire Parishes of the 14th and 15th centuries. Only 150 copies were
printed, of which a few are left. Price to members, £1 10s., and to non-
members, £2.
WILTSHIRE BIRDS. Mkz.G. B. Hony, 4, Beaufort Road,
Clifton, Bristol, will be greatly obliged if members would
kindly send him notice of the occurrence of any rare birds
or of their nesting within the borders of the County.
BOOKBINDING.
Books carefully Bound to pattern.
This department now greatly enlarged.
Wilts Archzological Magazine bound to match previous volumes,
We have several back numbers to make up sets.
CG H. WOODWARD, Printer and Publisher,
Exchange Buildings, Station Road, Devizes.
THE
North Wilts Museum and
LIBRARY AT DEVIZES.
In answer to the appeal made in 1905, annual subscriptions
varying from £2 to 5s., to the amount of about £37 a year for this ©
_ purpose have been given by about eighty Members of the Society
and the fund thus set on foot has enabled the Committee already
_to add much to the efficiency of the Library and Museum.
It is very desirable that this fund should be raised to at least |
£50 a year, in order that the General Fund of the Society may — |
be released to a large extent from the cost of the Museum, and
set free for the other purposes of the Society.
Subscriptions of 5s. a year, or upwards, are asked for, and .
should be sent either to Mr. D. Owsn, Bank Chambers, Devizes, a |
or Rev. E. H. Gopparp, Clyffe Vicarage, Swindon.
The Committee appeal to Members of the Society and others
to secure any
Objects of Antiquity
r
found in the County of Wilts and to forward them to the
Hon Curator, Mr, B. H. Cunnineron, Devizes;
Whilst Old Deeds, Modern Pamphlets, Articles, —
Portraits, Illustrations from recent Magazines —
or Papers bearing in any way on the County, —
and Sale Particulars of Wiltshire Properties, =
will be most gratefully received for the Library by the REy. _
EK. H. Gopparp, Clyffe Vicarage, Swindon, Hon, Librarian. .
CG. H. WOODWARD, MACHINE PRINTBR, DEVIZES.
No. CXXII. DECEMBER, 1914, VoL. XXXVITI,
THE
WILTSHIRE
Arehwolagival and atural Bistory
MAGAZINE,
Published unter the Birectton
OF THE
SOCclnTY FORMED IN THAT COUNTY;
A.D. 18538.
EDITED BY
REV. E. H. GODDARD, Clyffe Vicarage, Swindon.
DEVIZES :
PRINTED AND SOLD FOR THE Socimty sy C. H. Woopwarp,
ExcHaner Buripinas, Station Roan.
Price 5s. 6d. Members, Gratis.
Part VI. (completing Volume) of Wiltshire Inquisitiones Post Mortem i
from the reign of Ed. III. Price 2/-, issued with this number.
NOTICE TO MEMBERS.
TAKE NOTICE, that a copious Index for the preceding eight
volumes of the Magazine will be found at the end of Vols.
vill, xvi, xxiv., and xxxii. The subsequent Volumes are
each indexed separately.
Members who have not paid their Subscriptions to the Society for
the current year, are requested to remit the same forthwith to
the Financial Secretary, Mr. Davin Owen, Bank Chambers,
Devizes, to whom also all communications as to the supply
of Magazines should be addressed.
The Annual Subscription to the Society is 10/6, with an entrance
fee of 10/6. The Composition for Life Membership is £10 10s.
The Numbers of this Magazine will be delivered gratis, as issued,
to Members who are not in arrear of their Annual Subserip-
tions, but in accordance with Byelaw No. 8 “The Financial
Secretary shall give notice to Members in arrear, and the
Society’s publications will not be forwarded to Members whose
Subscriptions shall remain unpaid after such notice.”
All other communications to be addressed to the Honorary Secre-
tary: the Rev, E. H. Gopparp, Clyffe Vicarage, Swindon.
THE SOCIETY’S PUBLICATIONS.
To be obtained of Mr. D. OWEN, Bank Chambers, Devizes,
TIME BRITISH AND ROMAN ANTIQUITIES OF THE NORTH
WILTSHIRE DOWNS, by the Rev. A. C. Smith, M.A, One Volume, Atlas
4to, 248 pp., 17 large Maps, and 110 Woodcuts, Extra Cloth. Price £2 2s.
One copy offered to each Member of the Society at £1 11s, 6d.
THE FLOWERING PLANTS OF WILTSHIRE. One Volume, 8vo,
504 pp., with Map, Cloth. By the Rev. T. A. Preston,M.A. Price to the
Public, 16s. ; but one copy offered to every Member of the Society at half-price,
CATALOGUE or tat STOURHEAD COLLECTION or ANTIQUITIES
IN THE SOCIETY’S MUSEUM, with 175 Illustrations. Part I. Price 1s. 6d.
CATALOGUE or ANTIQUITIES in tas SOCIETY’S MUSEUM.
Part II. 1911. Fully illustrated. Price 2s,
CATALOGUE or tHe SOCIETY’S LIBRARY at tar MUSEUM,
Price 1s. APPENDIX No.1, II., and III., 3d. each.
CATALOGUE or DRAWINGS, PRINTS, anp Maps, In THE SOCIETY’S
LIBRARY at tHe MUSEUM. Price 1s. 6d.
CATALOGUE or WILTSHIRE TRADE TOKENS 1n rue SOCIETY’S
COLLECTION. Price 6d.
BACK NUMBERS or tat MAGAZINE. Price to the Public, 5s. 6d. and
3s, 6d. (except in the case of a few numbers, the price of which is raised).
Members are allowed a reduction of 25 per cent. from these prices.
WILTSHIRE
Atehealogieal ant Hatural Bistary
MAGAAINK.
No. CXXII. DECEMBER, 1914. VoL. XX XVIII,
Contents. PAGE
Vue Sixry-First GENERAL MEETING AT DEVIZES ..........0..0.00- 545
List or ALTARS IN SALISBURY CATHEDRAL AND Namzs or KINGS
OF WHOM THERE WERE REPRESENTATIONS THERE ABOUT THE
YEAR 1398: By Chr. Wordsworth, M.A., Sub-Dean ............ 557
List oF WILTSHIREMEN EXTRACTED FROM THE MINUTE Books or
THE CoMPANY OF WEAVERS orf LONDON. 1653—1674: By
RIMM AC CITC) AC. O.).. sei ncineceans sndnncesdcacwoatarattensccaccanan aes 572
Lippineton Castie Camp: By A. D. Passmore..............0..00c00e- 576
On some Bronze Ace Porrery or “‘Foop VressEL” Typs: By
FAWEE DD) ED AISSIM OLOl cere nai eiciecnecoeasitedsieess se nnouiecilene enemeslies vemeiace eacizes 585
Copy or A MS. In THE PossESsSION oF SIR WALTER GROVE,
BARONET, TO WHICH IS PREFIXED A Copy OF A Lay SuBsiDy,
PRESERVED IN PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE ..........0..0cecececcersesees 589
MAA FPR TSS ole aial ote cVralos als sic eiay voicinteinveiis aiaislcle sbcaakdeh cverctaleloldaaid eiaiesenstaeleince eae 631
SViLTS OBITUARY ................ ee eae ao aae toate acd bbates 647
ADDITIONS To ieanoa AND Cae acai areata ae CIGee Re eee 649
ME MMECOMVODT KOK V ITT cscccveevesncseccssnisesscieedseececcureeecensoeee GOL
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Axe Head of Sarsen .......... 579
Pottery and Objects from Tadneied © ein camp,
Plates L—IV. . Bshaen pea ier Se
Vessel from the West Toad Onan eis 585
Pottery from interment at Smeeth Ridge, Geran
SPAM LEG Wrcgtcsatasiaricnarn heamettanian teicanacens (eaatcaas, OSS
DEVIZES :—C. H. Woopwarp, ExcHancr Buinpines, Station Roan.
THE
WILTSHIRE MAGAZINE.
“ MULTORUM MANIBUS GRANDE LEVATUR ONUS. ’—Ovid.
DECEMBER, 1914.
THE SIXTY-FIRST GENERAL MERTING?#
r OF
! ‘THE WILTSHIRE ARCHAOLOGICAL AND NATURAL
HISTORY SOCIETY,
HELD AT SHAFTESBURY, July 7th, 8th, and 9th, 1914.
W. Hewarp Bett, Esq., F.S.A., F.GS., President of the Society,
In the Chair.
TUESDAY, JULY 7TH.
The annual business meeting of the Society was held at the
Town Hall, Shaftesbury, on Tuesday, July 7th, at 4 p.m., the room
he ving been most kindly placed at the disposal of the Society free
of charge by the Mayor and Corporation of the Borough. The
p oceedings began with the reading by the Hon. Secretary of
THE ANNUAL REPORT.
The Committee beg to present the sixty-first annual report of
the Society,
Members.—The Society had on July 1st, 1914, 13 Life and 357
Annual Members, 370 in all, as against 373 at the corresponding
There have been ten losses by death, and 19 by
20
546 The Sixty-First General Meeting.
the deaths we have especially to regret that of Mr. T. H. Baker,
onr Local Secretary for Salisbury, to whose unselfish labours for
many years the Society and Wiltshire antiquaries in general owe
a debt of gratitude. An obituary notice with a list of his writings
will be printed in the June number of the Magazine. The death
of Mr. A. R. Malden, an accomplished antiquary in the matter of
records, will be much felt at Salisbury.
Finance.—The balance on the General Fund on December 31st,
1913, was £33 9s. 34d,, against £24 4s. on December 31st, 1912,
and that on the Life Membership Fund £75 11s. 4d., against
£71 10s. 3d. in 1912.
From the Museum Enlargement Fund, derived from the rent of
the caretaker’s house, £12 13s. 9d. has been repaid during the year
to the General Fund on account of the £50 borrowed from that
fund last year to repay the last instalment of the debt due to Mr,
Heward Bell. The balance of £37 6s. 3d. will be repaid in the
same way as funds come in.
The cost of the Society’s publications, paid for by the General
Fund, during 1913 was £159 10s. 3d. This included the two
numbers of the Magazine and one part of the Inquisitiones Post-
Mortem.
On the Museum Maintenance Fund the balance at the end of
1913 was £25 15s.6d,, against £17 3s. 6d. at the end of 1912.
Subscriptions and donations to the fund during 1913 amounted to
£39 8s., against £49 16s. 6d. in 1912, but in addition the Society
has to thank Lord Fitzmaurice for a donation of £6 6s. for the
purchase of books, and a special fund amounting to £30 17s. wa
raised for the purchase of a complete set of drawings of the Ancient
Fonts in Wiltshire Churches by Mr. Harvey Pridham. r
From the Maintenance Fund has also been purchased, at the
cost of £13 12s. a complete set of the 6-inch Ordnance Survey
Maps of the County, and on these every barrow in Wiltshire has
been numbered, according to the parishes in which they occur, the
numbers corresponding with those in the “List of Prehistoric,
Roman, and Pagan-Saxon Antiquities,” which was published in
the December (1913) number of the Magazine. 1t will thus be
The Report. 547
easy in future, by a simple reference to these maps and the “ List”
to identify any given barrow, and to find out without further
trouble what is known of its history and contents. It is hoped
that this attempt to codify all that is recorded of the early remains
of the county may be of real use to future investigators. We have
to thank Mrs, Story Maskelyne for a donation of £4 towards the
illustration of the Magazine.
The Museum. The principal additions to the library have been
already noted above. In the Natural History portion of the
“Museum the geological collections have been carefully overhauled,
‘Yve-labelled, and arranged by Mrs. Cunnington, under the expert
direction and advice of Mr. C. H. Cunnington, of the Geological
‘Survey. This entailed a large amount of work, with the result
‘that these collections are now greatly improved and are to some
‘extent worthy to take their place beside the archeological col-
Tections. Attention is also being paid to the collection of Wiltshire
‘Plantsin the herbarium. The list of Birds is being completed by
Mr. G. Hony. The collection of Lepidoptera has received some
additions. Mr. E. Cook, under whose care it is, appeals to members
and others to send him either set or unset specimens of uncommon
‘Species of moths from any part of the county. Unfortunately a
heavy expense of some £56 has to be met during the current year
for repairs to the Museum roof. This will come into the accounts
for 1914.
The Register of Bishop Simon of Ghent.—Some twenty-five
members of the Society sent in their names some time ago as
“subscribers to this work, to be issued by the Canterbury and York
“Society. In consequence, however, of the illness and death of Mr.
mi. BR. Malden, the work of transcription was interrupted, but the
“first part of the work will probably be published this year.
Bxeavations—During the year the excavations at Old Sarum,
which were visited by the Society last August, have been carried
on as before, under the superintendence of Sir W. H. St. John
Hope and Col. Hawley, on behalf of the Society of Antiquaries,
The chief work done has been the uncovering of the foundations
“of the Saxon and Norman Cathedral. A separate report has been
202
548 The Sixty-First General Meeting.
issued as in former years. At Avebury Mr. H. St. G. Gray, on
behalf of the British Association, during this spring, opened out a
new section of the ditch where it ends against the entrance cause-
way on the north side of the Kennet Road. The ditch proved so
much deeper and wider at this part than had been anticipated that
the work could not be finished in the time available, and Mr. Gray
hopes to complete it either this autumn or next spring. Meanwhile
the excavation remains open. At the same time a section was cu
half-way through the mound at a point a little further north, down
to the original surface level, the funds for this being speciall
contributed by members of our own Society. The results of the
whole series of excavations when completed will be published b:
Mr. Gray as a separate volume.
Church Bells. The Committee desire to draw the attention of)
the clergy, churchwardens, and others interested in the preservation
of the ancient furniture of our Churches to the proposals now
commonly made by eminent firms of bell-hangers, when bells have
to be re-hung. These firms too often condemn the ancient oak
frames and recommend the substitution of an “up-to-date ” iror
frame, when for far less cost the timber frame can be efficientl
repaired, on the plea that to repair the wooden frame “ will notd
credit to their firm”; they propose to “sandblast ” medieval an¢
17th century bells, and so destroy the ancient surface an
appearance of the bells, on the plea that this will “improve thei
resonance ”; worse still they often proceed,without even mentionin
the fact in the specifications, to cut off the cannons of the bell
and pierce the crowns with iron bolts, in order to save the troubl
of fitting the new stock to the cannons when the bell has to b
“turned.” The Committee submit that these processes, in man
cases unnecessary, by which the ancient frames are destroyed an
the appearance and character of the bells themselves too ofte
ruined, should be strongly resisted by all who have the preservatio
of the antiquities of our Churches at heart. They desire also t
impress on churchwardens the fact that ancient timber bell-framé
cannot be removed without a faculty.
In this connection the Society at its General Meeting last yes
The Report. 049
t Devizes passed a resolution protesting against the proposal to
e-cast the bells of St. Mary’s, Devizes, and the Hon. Secretary has
ately written placing the views of the Society before the Chancellor
f the Diocese, with whom the issue of a faculty for this work rests.
n this the Society has the support of many residents in Devizes
tself.
Annual Meeting. The joint meeting of the Cambrian Archeo-
ogical Association and our own Society at Devizes from August
2th to August 16th, 1913, was on an altogether larger and more
mportant scale than the ordinary meetings of the Society. Prob-
bly, indeed, it was the largest Archeological Meeting ever held
n the county, the numbers on the excursions reaching at some
yoints over 150, The presence of several of the leading archeolo-
ists of the day made the proceedings more than usually important,
vhilst the minute perfection of the arrangements by Mr. B, H.
Jannington, upon whom the whole burden of their organisation
ested, and the clockwork regularity with which they worked, won
lie unstinted admiration of the Welsh visitors. In Wiltshire, we
we accustomed to his excellent work, and the Society is greatly
ndebted to him for undertaking again the troublesome duties of
Local Secretary for the Shaftesbury Meeting this year.
The appointment of a Special Meeting Secretary. —The Committee
jelieve that the interests of the Society will best be served in the
uture by the appointment of an “ Honorary Meeting Secretary,”
yliose special province should lie in the organisation of the Annual
Meetings, and they are glad to report that Mr. Cunnington has
een prevailed on to accept the post for a year provisionally, and
ley recommend his appointment accordingly,
The adoption of the Report having been moved by Mr. C.
enruddocke, seconded by Mr, B. H. Cunnington, and carried, the
Ton. Secretary brought forward the question of the preservation
f the Monastic Tithe Barn at Bradford-on-Avon, reading letters
rom Mr. A. W. N. Burder, F.S.A., and Mr. C. Peers, F.S.A., the
mspector of Ancient Monuments. He reported that the owner
£ the barn, Sir C. P. Hobhouse, had enquired of Mr. Burder
hether any society would take over the building and put it in
550 The Siaty-First General Meeting.
proper repair. If this was not done, the estate was not prepared
any longer to spend money on its repair, as it was of no use to the
farm to which it is attached, and if no means of repairing it could —
be found, it must be pulled down, much as Sir Charles himself ~
would regret this. At the suggestion of the Hon. Secretary, Mr. "|
Burder wrote to the Inspector of Ancient Monuments, Mr. C. Peers,
who answered very sympathetically to the effect that the Board
of Works would probably be willing to take over the building and
keep it in repair, if it was handed over to them in good repair to
begin with. Mr. Peers also pffered to send an architect to report
on the amount of necessary work to be done, and to estimate its
cost. Mr. Burder, in a further letter, reported that he had had an
interview with Mr. Reginald Hobhouse, on behalf of Sir Charles,
and that the former had intimated that Sir Charles was willing to
hand over the barn free of cost, and to grant access to it, toa
public body which would undertake its repair. Mr. Burder him-
self suggested that the cost of necessary repairs might amount to
£500. The President said that Sir Charles Hobhouse’s offer to
hand over the building free of cost was what one would have
expected of him, that it was impossible to entertain the idea for
a moment of the building being pulled down or allowed to fall
down, and that though £500 was a large sum to raise, it could
probably be done by a general appeal. Mr. Goddard said that
several thousand people annually visited the Saxon Church at
Bradford-on-Avon, of whom a large proportion went on to see the
Barton Barn. If the building was once put in repair, a small sum
charged for admission to it in future would probably help largely
towards the expense of maintaining it. Mr. B. H. Cunnington
then proposed and the Rev. O. M. Holden seconded a resolution,
which was carried unanimously, that the Society should undertake
the negociations for the preservation of the barn, whilst the President
proposed and Mr. B. H. Cunnington seconded that Mr. Burder be
empowered to act as the Society’s representative, with reference
to the Committee if necessary, and that he be asked to write to
Mr, Peers and accept his offer to send an architect to report on
the condition of the building.
The Report. 551
The Committee and Officers of the Society were then re-elected,
on the proposition of the Rev. O, M. Holden, with the addition of
Mr. B. H. Cunnington, F-S.A,, Scot., as Hon. Meeting Secretary,
an office now for the first time created in accordance with the
recommendation of the Committee in the annual report.
The Hon. Secretary then read a letter from the Secretaries of
the National Trust suggesting that the time had come to form in
every district a League for the Preservation of Natural Scenery,
which should keep an eye on everything which tended to injure it.
The general feeling of the meeting was that whilst fully sympa-
thising with the object of the National Trust, no good purpose
would be served by the formation of a new league in Wiltshire,
and that the Members of the Wilts Archeological Society might
be trusted to hear of anything likely to injure the scenery of the
county, and if necessary take action in the matter.
- Mrs. Cunnington then exhibited certain Egyptian beads which
she had obtained from Prof. Flinders Petrie, the date of which
could be definitely fixed, with the object of exhibiting them in the
Society’s Museum beside the “Cylindrical notched glass beads” of
which the Society possesses a large series from the Wiltshire
Bronze Age Barrows. Professor Sayce has definitely said that
these beads are identical with the Egyptian examples, Mrs.
Cunnington asked that she might be allowed to send Prof. Flinders
Petrie one of the Wiltshire beads from the Museum in exchange
for those from Egypt. Permission was readily granted for the
exchange.
“This finished the business of the Meeting, and the Members
adjourned to the Grosvenor Arms Hotel, where the Mayor and
Mayoress most kindly entertained them at tea. After tea the old
‘Church of S. Peter was visited, and the Vicar, the Rev. F.
Ehlvers, pointed out the principal objects of interest, a very fine
carved oak Laudian altar table, some nice bench ends, and a very
Curious carved alms box. From the Church the party proceeded
to the site of the Abbey excavations, where the Vicar again very
kindly gave an account olf such remains of walls as are visible,
most of them rapidly crumbling away, and showed with justifiable
552 The Siaty-First General Meeting.
satisfaction the new wooden museum shed, which had only been
finished that day in readiness for the Society’s visit, in which were
exhibited a most interesting collection of carved fragments found
during the excavation of the site, many of them still retaining
traces of gilding and colour. These showed the rich character of
the decorations of the Church. From the site of the Abbey the
Members walked along the terrace with its magnificent views over
the valley to the point known as Castle Hill, no doubt the site of
a Norman motte and bailey castle, though this could not have been
of any great size, nor does there seem to be any evidence that a
stone castle ever existed. By the kindness of Mr. H. C. Forrester,
the Members visited the cross now standing in the grounds of St.
John’s Cottage, a stone shaft with recessed panels containing both
at the base and in the head decaying alabaster carvings. This
cross, however, does not appear to be ancient, and was probably
made to contain the alabaster carvings imbedded in it.
At 7 p.m. the Annual Dinner was held at the Grosvenor Arms,
thirty-one members and friends being present, and at 8.15 the
Mayor and Corporation officially received the Society at the Town
Hall, the Mayor expressing the welcome which the town extended
to the Society, The President having acknowledged the kind
words of the Mayor, said that the Society is always glad to be
officially received and acknowledged by the civic authorities of the
town in which its meetings are held. Ue then disclaimed any
intention of giving a formal address, but said a few words by way
of introduction to the business of the evening, recalling the last
meeting at Shaftesbury, thirty years ago. He then called on Mr.
H. St. George Gray to deliver his lecture on the excavations which
he has conducted at Avebury. This took the form of a running
commentary on a long series of most admirable photographs ad-
mirably exhibited by a lanternist who had volunteered for the
evening. Fifty-three Members and friends were present during
the evening.
WEDNESDAY, JULY 8ru, 1914.
Two large motor char-a-bancs,which however were not nearly full,
and several private motors,led by the motor of Mr. B. H. Cunnington,
=
a
¢
Wednesday, July 8th, 1914. 553
‘who, again this year undertook the whole work of organising the
meeting, left the Grosvenor Arms at 9 a.m. and proceeded first to
Twerne Minster, where the Hon. Secretary read some notes on the
Church, kindly contributed by the Vicar, the Rev. E. Acton, who
could not himself be present. Thence the journey was continued
to the foot of Hod Hill. Fortunately the heavy rain of the night
aud early morning had ceased at 8 o'clock, and the day gradually
‘improved, so that by the time the Members had climbed the hill
to the ramparts of the great camp, the beautiful views on either
side of the hill could be seen to advantage. At the point where
‘the inner entrenchment of “Lydsbury Rings” joins the outer ram-
‘part of the camp on the north side Mrs. Cunnington spoke on the
“characteristics and peculiarities of the earthworks, and of their
“probable age, Prof. Boyd Dawkins had investigated some of the
= pits, of which there seem to be many in the area of the
camp, and had found them to be of the Early Iron period, but
“neither the outer defences of the eamp, which are presumably at
all events in part of this age, nor the inner “Lydsbury Rings,”
which have been assumed to be of Roman origin, or at least thrown
up under Roman influence, have ever been properly examined.
“Mr. H. St. George Gray also said a few words on the earthworks.
Descending the hill the motors were regained, and the journey
“eontinued to Blandford, where at the Crown Hotel forty-two were
present at lunch. Leaving Blandford at 1.0 p.m. three-quarters-
“oi-an-hour’s drive brought the party to Farnham Museum, where
“Mr. H. St. George Gray gave a short account of the origin and ~
contents of the collection. Here oneand a half hours were allotted,
‘but this was all too short even to allow of a glance at half of the
“deeply interesting and valuable exhibits with which the late Gen.
Pitt Rivers filled this remarkable treasure house, which is only a
mile or two over the Dorset border, but is so inaccessible for the
majority of the dwellers in Wiltshire that most of those present
Visited it now for the first time. From this point the motors took
the party to Tollard Royal, where the Church was first visited, and
the chief points of interest were indicated by Mr. H. St. G. Gray,
the most outstanding object being, of course, the well-known effigy
554. The Sinty-Pirst General Meeting.
in banded mail, happily still in excellent preservation. Mr, Gray
also acted as guide at the adjoining King John’s House, which the —
late Gen. Pitt Rivers had restored and opened to the public filled -
with pictures and other objects of art, as a sort of museum of the
arts and crafts. Since his death, however, it has again become a
private residence, and the Society was indebted to Major and the
Hon. Mrs. Hopkinson for permission to see the interior of the
house, The panelling of one of the upstairs rooms has recently
been removed by the owner and placed in another house, and Mr.
Gray mentioned that in doing this traces of another 13th century
window were found, which, however, still remains plastered over
in the wall. From the garden the Members walked along the —
private woodland path leading to the Larmer Grounds, some half-
mile distant, where in one of the many pavilions or houses tea was —
ready for them. After tea Mr. Gray conducted the party round
the various “houses,” built by the late General Pitt Rivers at great
expense, and in his time frequented by crowds of people, who often
came from great distances. Nowadays, however, though the
grounds are still nicely kept up by means of the endowment which
he left, the uumber of visitors is very much smaller. Walking
back again to Tollard the Members there rejoined their motors
and arrived at Shaftesbury within a minute or two of the scheduled
time.
The Evening Meeting was again held in the Town Hall, at 8
o'clock, when Mr. Heywood Sumner read an interesting paper on
“The Earthworks of Cranborne Chase.”
THURSDAY, JULY 9ru.
This day was devoted to an expedition to Sherborne. Leaving
Shaftesbury at 9.30 a.m. in the motors, they arrived at Milborne
Port Church, at 10.15. Here the Rev. HE. H. Goddard gave, from
notes specially prepared by Mr. C. E. Ponting, F.S.A., an account
of the very interesting Early Norman (or Saxon ?) features of the —
chancel and tower, some of which are extremely puzzling and do
not seem to have received the attention they merit hitherto, Pro- —
ceeding from this point under the guidance of Mr. E. A. Rawlence, ©
Thursday, July 9th, 1914. 555
the agent of the Digby Estate, the motors proceeded to Old
Sherborne Castle, with its interesting Norman remains, and thence
walked through the beautiful grounds of the park to the New
Castle, or present mansion, the central portion of which is said to
have been built by Sir Walter Raleigh. By the kindness of Mr.
Digby the Members were allowed to see over the house and the
adjoining small museum, in which many interesting original docu-
ments and a collection of Roman objects are preserved, including
a mosaic floor found in the neighbourhood, and now laid in the
‘vestibule. In the house itself perhaps the most interesting object
is the curious contemporary picture representing a progress of
Queen Elizabeth. After luncheon at the Digby Arms Hotel the
party assembled at the west end of the Abbey Church, where Mr.
W. B. Wildman, the historian of Sherborne, met them, and for the
rest of the afternoon placed his stores of knowledge at their
‘disposal in the most genial possible way. The exterior and
interior of the splendid Abbey Church, the various buildings of
the school which once formed part of the Abbey buildings, such
fas the chapel, the library, the original school house, and the
museum, with its fine Megalosaurus head, and the “ Paleolithic ”
Done etched with the figure of an animal recently “found” near
Sherborne by one of the boys. A visit to the almshouses with
their picturesque chapel with its curious Karly Flemish altar piece,
and its dining hall with much old pewter on the shelves, brought
the afternoon to a close, with tea at the Digby Arms. Thence
‘the char-a-banes made their way back to Shaftesbury, to pick up
: luggage, and then proceeded by Semley and Kast Knoyle to War-
minster, Westbury, and Trowbridge, depositing the Members from
North and Central Wilts at the points most convenient to them.
' So ended a very enjoyable meeting in which much ground in
the neighbouring county of Dorset was covered. It is, perhaps,
unnecessary to say that the whole of the programme was carried
out with that clockwork regularity which everyone expects when
Mr. and Mrs. Cunnington make the arrangements, though perhaps
| few people guess the infinite trouble and attention to details be-
forehand which alone can ensure that regularity. Unfortunately
556 The Sixty-First General Meeting.
the necessity of securing the motor char-a-bancs long before the
numbers likely to attend the meeting can be known, and the fact
that the numbers actually attending the Shaftesbury meeting
were smaller than in recent years, led to a deficit of £9 13s. 9d.,
in the accounts of the meeting. This sum has, however, since the
meeting been made up by the contributions of sixteen of the Mem-
bers who were present, so that the General Fund of the Society
does not suffer.
a ok
2 ly Aner nl aegis st lg phate tee oye ang
557
LIST OF ALTARS IN SALISBURY CATHEDRAL, AND
NAMES OF KINGS OF WHOM THERE WERE
REPRESENTATIONS THERE ABOUT
THE YEAR 1398,
By Cur. Worpswortsa, M.A., Sub-Dean.
MS. I. 2, 6, in the library of Emmanuel College, Cambridge, is
described in. Dr. M. R. James's Catalogue, 1904, p. 22, as containing
“Miscellanea . , . a number of tracts [Sermons, &c.] bound
together, mostly of cent. xiii. Probably from Chichester. In a
kalendar at the end the dedication of Sompting Church [Sussex]
occurs. Salisbury documents also occur.” + .
The last-named areStatuta dominorumepiscoporumSar. (circal 256)
pp. 172—175, which I transcribed some years ago with the kind
permission of the college authorities, and collated with the text of
Spelman and Wilkins, and of which I hope to say more in another
place, if my papers on Salisbury Cathedral Statutes ever see the
light. My note on the present occasion concerns the fly-leaf which
has been taken by the binder from a record likewise derived from
Salisbury ; but, as it was written on a piece of parchment of larger
dimensions than the Miscellany (94 x 64 inches), the writing upon
it has been ruthlessly cropped away at the right-hand edge, when
it came to be used as a fly-leaf by the binder.
The record gave two lists connected with the interior of Salisbury
Cathedral Church at the close of the 14th century :—(1) a list of
_ the altars, (2) a list of royal personages whose portraiture in some
form or other decorated the choir. The right-hand fore-edge of
the list of altars has been cut away, so that each of the nine long
~ lines (i.e., every line of the list exclusive of its comparatively brief
heading) has been shorn of one or more syllables, or it may be of
as much as two or three words, which are now lost irrecoverably,
except so far as in one or two instances the necessary restoration
of the last word is so nearly inevitable that it can hardly be
styled “conjectural,” or anything short of certain.
1 Descriptive Catalogue of the Western MSS. in the Library of Emmanuel
College, Cambridge, Camb. Univ. Press, 1904. See pp. 22—27 for MS. I. 2. 6.
558 List of Altars in Salisbury Cathedral.
(I.) List of ALTARS in Salisbury Cathedral,
In ecclesia, Cathedrali Sarisburtens? sunt altaria infr* scripta videlzcet
(1) “Y Summum altare in choro.
(2) Item in vestiario .j. altare beate marie SP Ere
(3) Item in capella beate m[arie
(4) Item in parte boriali capelle Been marie .j. altare Sancti Johannis ©
Eutngeliste.
(5) Item in parte austr[ali eiusdem] unum altare sancte Stephani.
(6,7) Item ex opposito borial. hostium (sic) chori j. altare sancti mart [ini].
[et ?.j.] sancte Katerine.
(8,9) Item ex oposito austral. hostium (szc) chori.j. altare syncte (a“marie”
interlined) magdalene .é&. beati [nicolai.]
(10°, 10°, 10°)! Item iuxd* hostium occidental. chori vz in parte borial.
chori .j. altare sancti Thome martzris |[& Sancti edwardi] regis &
martiris || adiuncta [cum p’ .xj. m. verg’. (tn margin)].
(11) Item .j. altare sancti Edmundi Confessoris. :
(12,2 12) Item j. altare sancti Johannis [baptiste et] omnium reliquiarum
adinvicem.
(18, 142, 14) Item iuxta hostium occidental’ in parte australz .j. altare beate
mat|garete & altare] beati Lawrencij & uincencij.
(15) Item (a“.j. altare” enterlin.) beati Michaelis.n?
(16) Item in corpore ecclesie coram magna cruce in parte boria{l’ . . .|
(17) Item in parte australi .j. altare sancti Andree apostoli.n?
(18) Item in solar’ coram crucifixo coram altar[i . . .]
(The “ Names of Kings in Salisbury Church,” which we print in
the second part of this paper, follow immediately as the next
paragraph in the MS. at Emmanuel College.)
NOTES.
1. The high altar in the choir. This was dedicated (in 1258)
“in honour of the Assumption of B. Mary.” (See my Salisbury
Processions and Ceremonies, Camb., 1901, p.74.) It probably stood
some feet to the west of the present principal altar in the Cathedral.
The windlass for the Lenten veil is still affixed to the column on
the north.
110, 10°, 10°, é&c., in these and similar instances I have placed an index
letter above the numeral in order to draw attention to the fact that the list
assigns more than one dedication to the altars in question. It is not im-
possible that 6, 7 and 8, 9 are not likewise treated as altars with double
dedications by the scribe.
2 The carets which occur in the MS. at Nos. 15, 17, have apparently lost
the words which were written for insertion there, through the cruelty of the
binder’s knife.
By Chr. Wordsworth, M.A. 559
2. Altar of B. V. Mary in the vestry. ‘The original sacristy,
vestry, and treasury at Salisbury was, I suppose, the small rect-
angular chamber at the end of the south-east transept, which became
a passage-room when the octagonal treasury, or canon’s vestry, with
the muniment room above it, was added to the original building
somewhat later in the 13th century. The original vestry now
serves as the lay-vicars’ robing-room.- The vestry-altar may have
been removed into the lower treasury! on the erection of the latter.
Salisbury Processions, pp. 289, 290; ef. J. W. Clark, Archit. Hist.
of Cambridge, 1886, ill, pp. 482—3. Holy water was blessed
“prwatim” on Maundy Thursday before the altar “in vestibulo,”
according to printed Processionals of Salisbury use, so we may say
“without hesitation that an altar in the vestry existed, and we have
now learnt what was its dedication.
' 3. In the chapel of B. Mary (ie, “The Lady Chapel,” as it is
‘now commonly called). The words cut away were, presumably,
; que dicitur Salue, unum altare S. Trinatatis, or unum altare omnium
“Sanctorum (as in Sarwm Customs—Frere, Use of Sarwm, i,, 115).
The “Salve” altar of the Ever Blessed Trinity was dedicated in
1225, and Bishop einen Poore at once instituted the daily mass
“‘Salve, sancta parens.” Missale Sar., col. 779.*
4. Altar of St. John Evangelist on the north side of the Lady
‘Chapel. This was dedicated in 1225 as the “altar of St. Peter
i Bnd All Apostles.” It was perhaps used on each apostle’s festival,
: and it may have come soon to be known by the name of St. John,
‘on account of the procession to it taking place in Christmas week.
However, the MS. Fasti, cited in Salisbury Proc., p, 211, shows
‘that in the 18th century it was supposed at Salisbury that there
had been an altar of St. John distinct from the “ Apostles’ altar,”
1Tn a document dated pila May, 1451, cited in Salsbury Processions and
Ceremonies, 1901, p. 127, an “altar in the treasury” (thesaurarza)is mentioned
“as having carpet Brrecched from the Bishop’ s Throne to it on occasion of his
‘enthronization. The altar of All Hallows is mentioned in the inventory of
“Abraham de Winton, Treasurer, cr. 1214—1222, next after the altar of St.
‘Peter and immediately before that of St. Stephen (Salisb. Proe. pp. 180, 192).
An altar with the same title is mentioned in the margin of the MS. Procession
‘Book’ at Salisbury, ube supra pp. 76, 200, 209, 287, in one entry written after
“1445.
e
5
560 List of Altars in Salisbury Cathedral. i
but that they were close together But the study of this frag
mentary list in the Emmanuel Coll. MS. has only confirmed me in
my opinion that the tradition at Salisbury in the 17th and 18th
centuries does not deserve the credit which Dr. John Milner, F.S.A,
the eminent Bishop of Castabala in partibus infideliwm, and con-
troversialist, gave to it in 1811. The altar of St. Peter and the
Apostles was on the site now occupied by the Gorges monument. |
and I gather that the Emmanuel MS. intends to identify that of St.
John the Evangelist with it; for it makes no mention of St. Peter's»
altar. The lists of Altarists bear out the same conclusion.?
5. The altar of St. Stephen, on the south, dedicated in 1225,
the site is now occupied by the great Somerset, Hereford, or Seymour
monumental structure erected about 1621. i
6,7. Altar of St. Martin and St. Katherine, opposite the north
a
door of the choir. These were in the chapel in the north-eastern
transept known as the Morning Chapel, which has been furnished
in memory of Bishop Webb. As the termination of St. Martin’s
1See Salisb. Processions, p. 221. The statement in MS. Fastz relates to
the burial-place of Bp. W. of York. Mr. A. R. Malden has cited the same
tradition in Wilts Arch. Mag., xxxvii., p. 344.
2 The Altarists were usually the elder choristers whose voices had changed,
The duty of each was to prepare one of the altars in the cathedral for mass,
sometimes they were required to ring the bell under the sacrist’s direction ;
to serve the priest vicar, or other chaplain responsible for singing mass at
his altar, or in case of his neglect to report the omission to the Clerk of
the Fabrick. There were owtside and inside altarists—“extrinseci” and
“antrinsect.” I presume that the latter served altars in the Lady Chapel
or in the aisles and transepts of the eastern part of the cathedral, while
the extrinsecz had duties in the nave, or (as the Altarist of St. Margaret’
chapel was one) in the western transepts. The entrinseci (called “‘interzores”
in 1451, and “anteguz” in 1445) were usually six in number, and were
attached to the altars of SS. Martin, Katherine, John the Evangelist (and
all Apostles), St. Lawrence, and B. Mary the Virgin (Salve), and the morn-
ing (or morrow mass) altar. They helped serve the Loving Cup on Maundy
Thursday. After the Reformation six Altarists were still appointed from
the elder choristers, and, during the reign of King Charles I., from the Lay
Vicars. They received a small annual payment “pro le O” (in connexion
with O Sapientia, &c.). About 1750 some of the Altarists’ places wer
filled by Priest Vicars, but in the Sarum Almanac, cir. 1864—75, only on
Altarist is named. Jr. Holmys’ Book in sub-commoner’s account, cir.
1526—58, mentions a payment of 6d. each to nine Altarists and of 2d. eac
to six Altarists of paradyse (pp. 11, 22), probably for the Great Oes.
By Chr. Wordsworth, MLA, > 561
name has been shorn away in the MS., Dr, James may be pardoned
” The altar of S. Katherine is
mentioned as separate from that of St. Martin, wrongly written
“Marci” in the Corpus Oxon MS. 44 (late 14th century), of the
Salisbury Custom Book, Use of Sarum, i., p. 114 § 3rd, and both
of these altars are there described as situated in the north-east
transept.
8,9. Altar of St. (Mary) Magdalene and (?) Vinc[ent] (or
Nie[holas],), opposite the south door of the choir. There is mention
made of St.Mary Magdalene’s altar in Sarum Customs( Use of Sarum
i, 115) as standing in the south-east transept with an altar of St.
Nicholas next to it. I am inclined to think that “bi” is what was
written here by the scribe, for beati [Nicholac]—and not “ui,” for
“uilneencii].’1 The position of St, M. Magdalene’s altar with
‘the beautiful monument of Bishop Giles de Bridport, + 13th Dec.
1262, to the north of it is generally accepted.
~ 102, 10°,10°. Altar of S. Thomas the Martyr, and St. [? Edward],
“King and Martyr, associated with the Eleven Thousand Virgins:
near the west door of the choir,7.¢., northward of the choir. There can
‘be no reasonable doubt that the altar of St. Thomas of Canterbury
was at the northern part of the great north-west transept, which
was approached, from the principal entrance of the Close, through
‘the porch of St. Thomas (now removed) by a door blocked up and
hidden by Wyatt’s removing to it the monument of Bp. Blyth.
‘There was at Salisbury in 1536 a chest “containing relicks of the
Eleven Thousand Virgins in four purses, with this Scripture, ‘ Hz
Dono domini Asserii.’” Asser, the chaplain and biographer of K,
‘Alfred, was Bp. of Sherborne c. 895—210. Sal. Proc., p.161. I
have mentioned the existence of an altar and mass of the Eleven
‘Thousand Virgins (companions of St. Ursula of Cologne) as being
for having printed itas“ Marie ,
'*uin” was the Provost of King’s conjecture. It may, however, be
observed, that a separate altar of St. Vincent is mentioned below (No. 16°
in our list), which, though not absolutely conclusive, makes it seem at all
events less likely that Vincent should be the name intended at No.9. Also.
that our scribe has not (at least in the other instances, remaining) adopted
‘the familiar style of naming any saint without the distinctive prefix of
‘either sanctus or beatus.
VOL. XXXVIII.—NO. CXXII. 2 P
}
562 List of Altars in Salisbury Cathedral.
situated somewhere in the north aisle of the’Church in the 15th cen-
tury (Sal. Proc. p. 305). Thad also speculated in 1901 on the existence
at Salisbury of an altar either of Edmurnd K. M. or Edward K.C.,,
for both of which the Sarum Processional rubrics made provision
in case any Church. which used the book should contain such an
altar (zbid, pp. 203, 213, 220, 223n, 304, 305). I-am now inclined |
to think that the “King and Martyr”
‘Coll. MS. mutilated fragment speaks, as commemorated, like the
‘Eleven Thousand ye ab the al of St. Thee M., may more
of whom the Emimantel
“A.D. 978 ‘by his step-mother A#lfthryth, or “Elfvida, according 10
William’ of Malmesbury, and of whom the Cathedral had a relie
(whi supra, p. 25), and who was specially honoured at Corfe Castle,
Wareham, and Shaftesbury, i in the Diocese of Salisbury." %
11.—The altar of St. Edmund Rich, of Abingdon, Abp. and
Confessor, Treasurer 6f Salisbury 1222—1234, wais (it is generally
allowed) ‘in the middle bay of the great northern transept, now
unfortunately occupied mainly by the apparatus of the organs. A
fine Purbeck marble coffin removed from excavations of Old Sarum
Cathedral has been-placed there (Zxcav. Report, 1913, p. 5). 4
12, 12. Altar of St. John [Baptist] and of all the Relics in
turn. This was in’the most southerly of the three chapels in the
ereat north-western transept. ‘It is now occupied by the organ
‘bellows. Here was Treasurer Kareville’s chantry, cir, 1267; and
Dean Keymer’s, cir. 1463 (Pat, 15 Edw. IV., A.D. 1475). It was
similarly described inthe 15th century as the “altar of Reliques,
which is dedicated in honour of St. John Baptist.” Salisb. Pro-
cessions, 78, 212, The list of “ Relykes” and their “ proclamaliagyy
is given ibid, pp. 3340. See also pp. 300—302.
13. Altar of B. Margaret near the west door on the south side
The “door” here mentioned is, of course, the west entrance of
the choir (as in No. 102, above, and the altar of St. Margaret was
in the most northerly bay of the great south-west transept, and
1 An altar of St. Hdmund the King is said to be mentioned in a documen
of 16th Nov., 1335; but another entry (Corfe Reg., p. 11), of 28rd Feb,, 1348,
mentions the altar of St. Adward, (Salisbury Proc., pp. 304 ; 227). So als
in 1468 ; 2b. p. 228.
— By Chr: Wordsworth, M.A: 563
adjoined the beautiful tomb of Bp, Ric. Mitford, 'Medford,”6r
Medeford,t 1407, whose chantry, or mass, was still in use in 1473
(wht supra, p. 211; Wilts Areh. Mag., xxvii., 347)2
14*, 14°. An altar of St. Lawrence and St. Vincent: It has
been known to us for many years that the middle chapel or central
bay of the great south-west transept was occupied by-an altar of
St. Lawrence, of whom moreover, there were two relics at the
Cathedral (Salis, Proc. 'p. 34). But the Emmanuel fragment gives
us the additional information that the wame of St.. Vincent was
associated in the dedication of this altar. Of St. Vincent Salisbury
had a relic (id. p. 38). For a subsequent dedication proposed or
perhaps effected in the case of another altar, at a date subsequent
to this list, and wherein the name of St. Lawrence was eee 2 et
see below, note on No. 16.
15. Altar of B. Michael [The Archangel]. This, I believe, was
i the most northerly bay of the great north-west transept, and it
faced the door by which the Bishop when coming from his palace
usually enters the Cathedral Church from the cloister.. A frontal
Tepresenting St. Michael “slaying Devils,” and driving Satan into
a flaming hell, was given in memory of Simon of Ghent, cir. 1315,
and was in existence in 1536; but it ea! aD the ern altar.
Salish. Proc. p. 167.
'16. Altar in the body of the China, before the: great. cross, on
The north side [of the nave]. The dedication-title in this instance
is unfortunately cut off in the Emmanuel College fragment, but I
have no doubt that the missing words are “ sancti dionisit,”—Stb.
Denys’ altar. Sir John Chitterne’s “altar of St. Mary and ‘the
B. Martyrs, St. Denys and St Lawrence, between the columns of
the nave,” was dedicated 10th April, 1434, in the twelfth year of K.
\Henry VI. (some years subsequently to the writing of the list in
our fragment). See Salisb. Proc., pp. 77, 201, 211. Early in the
fifteenth century the Salisbury Corporation and the Merchant Gild
"It appears from a note near the end of Liber Ruber, from Statutes of
6th July, 1399, that the residue of the rent of the corner house to the
orth of the Close after paying dues for the obit (21st July) of Alex.
iMemyngsby (+1366) was to be expended on an image of St. Margaret,
M12 PA
564 List of Altars in Salisbury Cathedral.
were united or merged in the Gild of St. George, which had its
“riding” in copes in 1408, “the George” going in procession,
“harnessed” and making “a conflict with the Dragon.” Not im-
probably they visited “oure Lady Church” on that occasion as the
Tailors’ Gild certainly did on “St. John’s: Day in harvest” (C. |
Haskins, Ancient T'rade Guilds, pp. 383—40, 111). There was at
Salisbury Cathedral “a holy precious relick of St. Denys” (Salisb.
Proc., p. 164, cf. p. 35 cbid.) and before John Chitterne (archdeacon)’s
death (1419), and the founding of his altar in 1434, there may
very well have been a “morrow-mass” altar of St. Denys, either (a)
on the same site as was dedicated in honour of St. Denys and Sb
Lawrence in 1434, and used for the altar of St. George and St.
Denys jointly, cur 1450; viz., in the north walk of the nave hard by|
the spot where Walter Lord Hungerford’s tomb was erected, with
its altar of the Annunciation, not long afterwards (A.D. 1449)
within its iron grates which Wyatt removed, cir. 1778, to the
south-east of the choir and presbytery,—or else (0) close against
the north side of the (then) stone choir screen, immediately behind
the stall of the Precentor, or that of his neighbour the Archdeacor
of Dorset. Mr. A. R. Malden has shown that a “morning altar’
in the first half of the fifteenth century was in the former of these
positions; and we identify it with the altar of St. Denys (Salisb
Proc. pp. 293—5).1_ I conclude, then, that altar No. 16 in out list
was known as that of St. Denys in the fourteenth century, and
that the title of St. George was coupled with it afterwards.
17.—Altar of St. Andrew the Apostle, on the south side [in th
body of the Church, before the great cross]. Mr. Malden helpet
me, about 1897—1901, to establish the identity of the altar of St
Andrew—otherwise called “the altar of the Holy Ghost,” abo:
the middle of the fifteenth century—as situated in the souther
walk of the nave near the place where the monument of Bisho
Walter de la Wyle now stands. John Chedworth, Bishop ¢
' There was, however, a “ secwnde morwe-masse auter ” which the Tailor
Gild visited “in oure lady churche” on Midsummer day in 1444, and wher
their priest said “an euen-sang”’ with them on their return from St. Job
Baptist’s chapel on Harnham (or Aylewater) Bridge. Gvld Ledger Boo
f. 4.
~ By Chr. Wordsworth, M.A. 565
Lincoln (1452—71), and previously (1440 —52) canon, and the
Treasurer of Salisbury, had received permission before he obtained
this dignity to found a chantry here. He accordingly established
a daily mass of the Holy Ghost. Salisb. Proc. p. 159, 204; ef. 77,
185, 186, 198, 201, 211, (where “ Chandler ” is an error for Ched-
worth), 228, 292. Salisbury possessed two relics of St, Andrew,
abid, 34, 162. .
18.—In the loft before the crucifix before the altar . . . This
abrupt conclusion of the fragment is most disappointing; the
want of thought for our information on the part of those concerned
in binding the MS. has deprived us of a chance of knowing some-
thing about the stone rood-loft, solar, pulpitwm, or choir-screen.
Tt remained at Salisbury until. Mr. Wyatt pulled it down in 1789,
when he removed two portions of its face to the west wall of the
Morning Prayer Chapel (Nos. 6, 7), where he has sandwiched the
Stone doorway of Bishop Beauchamp’s chantry, which (1481) he
had pulled off from the south-east angle of the Cathedral. Till
then, far on into the reign of George III. (notwithstanding various
shanges in. the stall-work) the screen or pulpitum here had sur-
ived, as little altered as that which I saw at Lincoln in 1898—-
(899, when the organ there was temporarily dislodged. There
‘was a rood-beam here, further east. See note on p. 571, below.
_ We know from other sources (Salisb, Proc., pp. 195, 196, 201,
928, 296,) that there was an altar of the Holy Rood at Salisbury
‘in 1265, which is mentioned in the processional, written for use
in the Cathedral cir. 1445. It is said to have been called also the
Works’ Altar or Altar of the Fabric; and there in 1468 there was
a daily mass sung at high morn (swmmo mane). Accordingly we
‘may pretty confidently suggest that such an altar of St, Cross was’
in existence at the date of the list before us :—a record which may,
T think, be assigned to the period about 1396—1400, on grounds
Which will be given in the second part of this paper.
In 1265 Nicolas of St. Quentin endowed the chaplain who was
appointed to say mass at the altar of the Rood assigned to the
for others who should attend to hear this mass (Salisb. Proc., p.
Fabric of the Church, for the benefit of workmen at the fabric aud
566 List of Altars in Salisbury Cathedral.
296). In 1267 Treasurer Robert de Karevill bequeathed for
painting the work about the cross on high (Fabricam circa crucem
élevatam; ibid, p. 297). This was at the early part of the period
(1263—1281) which witnessed the building of the cloisters and —
the chapterhouse.
_ First among the relics of the Church of Salisbury, as they are —
enumerated, in the form of their “proclamation” in the Cathedral,
about 1445, we find it stated, that here “of Cristes Crosse ar(e)
many parties.” In the inventory of 1536 they are described as
contained in two crosses and a crucifix ; the last, having been given
by Jocelin de Bailleul, who lived cir. 1150, must have been brought
here from Old Sarum. It contained “a piece of the true cross two
inches long” (Salisb. Proc., p. 162) It will be recollected that
relics of the Eleven Thousand Virgins, which presumably were
brought from Old Saruin and Sherborne, are mentioned at No, 10°
above. Other relics were shown as having been given by St.
Osmund.
_ The following note, which has been kindly sent me by the Rev.
Dr. 8S. J. M. Price, M.A,, of Pemb. Coll, Oxon., deserves a place
among our local records :— “4
Extract from the Somerset Society’s volume of Somerset Medieval —
Wills. Abstract of the will of H. Sutton, clerk, Treasurer of the
Cathedral Church of Sarum 1495—1505, M.D. By his will, dated
1st April, 1550, he directs his body to be buried in the said Church
next the chapel of the B, Mary and before the chapel of St. John
Apostle and Evangelist.
He then goes on to leave 20 marcs for two entercloses, at the
end of the choir there, viz. :—
_ One between the choir and the chapel of St. Margaret, and the
other between the choir and the chapel of the Relics, if it please
the Dean and Chapter to consent thereto.
(II.) List of Royal Personages portrayed in Salisbury Cathedral
about 1400, from MS. I. 2, 6 (fly-leaf) at Emmanuel Coll.,
1JTn 1901 I confused de Bailleul with Bp. de Bohun.
By Chn. Wordsworth, M.A. .~ pe 567
Cambridge, where it occurs. ee underneath the list of
altars printed above. ‘
_ I have added the: dates of accession, &e.
qj Nomina Regum in ecclesia Sardsburiensi.
‘Gan,
pe Hey Henry frere au roy William Rous [1100]
A e Roy Stiepne [1135.
este Le Roy Hentl Counte de sapere [1 ies
oa Shari Le Roy Henri Jun 111183]
D Sarisburiensis. | ¥° Roy Richard PETE?)
Le Roy Johan : _ [1199]
Le Roy Henri itice? {1216}
Le Roy Edgar [958]
In dextra Le Roy Edward de Shaftbury [975]
parte int- Le Roy Ethelred [979]
ervoris Le Roy Edward de Loundres - [1042]
chori Le Roy Harold [1066]
Sarzsburien. | Le Roy William Conquerour oo [1066]:
Le Roy William Rous - [1087]
Le Roy Edward pr inet [1272]
-,.7: | Le Roy Edward le secounde {1307}
4 Pai. Le Roy Edward le iijce [1327]
Sorish ~---. | Le Roy Richard de Burdeux [1377—1399]
- SO EMCIESUS. IT e Reyne Anne sa femme [1382 : 7} 1394]
: Le! Reyne Elizabeth? sa femme [?1395: czr. 1401]
A This list gives the names of twenty royal personages dating from
Edgar, King of the English in the days of Dunstan, A.D. 958, down
to Richard II., who resigned the crown in 1399, and died at
Pontefract 14th February, 1400. The last name in the list is that
of his consort, Isabella (here called Elizabeth) of France, whom he
espoused in November, 1396, She left England in 1401, and in
1406 was married to Charles of Angouléme, afterwards Duke of
Orleans, and she died in 1409, It seems hardly probable that any
representation of her should be erected in Salisbury after 1399. _
F: These personages certainly were not interred at Salisbury; and
uch representations of them as were ofice “on the south of the
1 Ste.
2The designation of K. Henry is indistinctly written. It appears as
“med.” in Dr. James’s catalogue. But Edward III. has a somewhat similar
nal upstroke like a delta. So I venture to read “‘iiite” (=tierce) in both
instances.
*Hlizabeth (stc.) Preswmably for Ysabelle, the girl wife who was espoused
0 Richard IT. for two years before his deposition in 1399, when she returned
}0 France before she reached her teens.
568 Inst of Kings and Queens in Salisbury Cathedral,
choir,” or “on the right” and “left side of the inner choir” (in
terioris chort”) are not extant; nor do I know of any record of
their former existence, in effigy, at this Cathedral, save in the
list before us. It is not specifically noted in the list whether the
representations were figures of wood or stone, or portraitures in
glass, or whether they were or were not displayed on panels or in
paintings on the walls. Although the MS. speaks only of the
“names” of these royal persons, it seems most probable that some
thing more than a mere list of names on labels or in three tablets
is thereby intended to be understood.
The stone corbels at present visible do not answer to the de
scription in the MS. At Wells there is a figure of K. Ina, their
founder (on the west front, which, as Canon Church informs us,
was finished in 1239 by Bp. Joceline, possibly from the design of
Elias de Derham). But at Salisbury these representations of royal
personages were in the interior of the Church. ‘The corbels, or
niches, now discernible in Salisbury Cathedral,are fairly numerous.
On the perpendicular arches which were introduced on the nortl
and south of the crossing of the great transept with a view to
strengthening the tower when the spire was raised above it, there
are sixteen. There were ten tall niches on the western screen of the
choir besides twelve spaces in the upper tiers, according to Jam os
Biddlecombe’s View, engraved in 1754 by J. S. Muller. The ten
niches originally in the western face of the thirteenth century
choir screen have been fitted into the west of the morning chapel
by Wyatt with the doorway, taken from the late fifteenth century
Beauchamp chantry chapel, placed neatly, though incongruously,
between them. Wyatt also removed twenty niches or stalls from
their original position as parts of the Beauchamp chantry chapel
to the north and south of the Lady Chapel, where they look like
(impracticable) stalls1 The altar tomb of W. Wilton (Chancellor
1 Although the Lady Chapel where these niches now are placed might
conceivably have been called the “inner choir,” this seems a most unnatural
name for the Chantry Chapel which stood at its side from the middle of
the xvth century till the latter part of the xviiith, and therefore was non-
existent in A.D. 1400. Moreover, these niches are arranged in uniform
sets of five, whereas the names of the 20 “ Kings” are 7 + 7 + 6.
By Chr. Wordsworth, MA. - 569
and previously Master of St. Nicholas’ Hospital) to the south of
St. Stephen’s chapel (near the Somerset monument), has one niche
for an image, 1523. Bp. Audley’s chapel f 1524 has space for at
least thirty images in niches, besides six turrets or finials which
might be surmounted by saints or angels. Mr. Dorling considers
that there were images formerly on Bishop Metford’s monument.
The bases are, however, not well defined. The like might, no
doubt, be said of a small pedestal against the column behind the
Bishop’s throne. The series of five larger niches (four, and one) in
a line with the last-named: pedestal, are (so far as I can see) the
only ones now extant to the sowth of the quire; and thus these are
the only ones in any way answering to the description of either of
the three lists of royal personages in our MS. But although these
niches might be said to be situated “in australi parte chort Sar’,”
it seems to me unlikely that they should have contained the six
"figures, so described, (mamely the royal persons, beginning with
_ K. Edward L.), as the westermost pedegtal is so small in proportion
to the rest and so different in character that I can hardly suppose
that even the girl-queen Isabella would be placed there ; besides
which there seem to be no places in any way corresponding to these
: niches, for accommodating any stone figures of the fourteen earlier
~(Saxon,Norman, and Angevine) kings anywhere in the “inner choir.”
] Nor are there wall-spaces in the choir convenient for such a series
of portraitures as a brush or pencil, or the art of tapestry, might
delineate on the flat.t
_ After some consideration I am inclined to think that the figures
in our list were introduced into the stall-work of the choir at
“Salisbury.
At Lincoln some such wooden figures of royal personages are
“still extant. They are now eight in number, and they occur in
‘some of the panels fronting the seats of the “children of the choir.”
The late Canon Wickenden, of Lincoln, attributed these wood-
“carvings to the stall-work which John de Welburne was instru-
mental in providing in 1362, while he was Treasurer of Lincoln,
''The figures of four bishops were painted on the wall of the N.E. tran-
sept at Lincoln by Damini in 1728. A long series of Bishops on the N.
and of Kings and Queens on the 8. transept at Chichester: by Bernardi in
1519. These last were destroyed when the spire fell in 1861.
570 List of Kings and Queens in Salisbury Cathedral.
in the reign of Edward III. Mr. Wickenden considered that the
series in Lincoln Minster, when it was complete, represented the
line of Kings of England from the Conquest down to Edward III+
These would make an even number (ten), if the series began with |
William Rufus, in whose time and under whose charter Lincolw
(like York and Sarum) was founded; or if, commencing with the
Conquest, the reigning monarch’s effigy was not attempted, or was
reserved for some place of particular distinction in connexion with
a chantry or otherwise.
As Treasurer Welbourne died in 1380 or 1381, and as he is
spoken of as having originated the stall-work at Lincoln (“inceptor
et consultor inceptionis facture stallorum novorum in ecclesia
cathedrali Lincolniensi,” ubi swpra p. 180) “at a time of great
political and artistic activity,” as Wickenden observes (70., p. 77),
it may be suggested that Salisbury in like manner decorated the
choir with representations of royal personages. Only, this appears ©
to have been done some thirty years later than ib was done at 4
Lincoln, and in all probability some different medium was em- —
ployed at Salisbury for executing these later designs. The fabric j
accounts preserved among the chapter muniments are said by Dr. |
R. L. Poole to run back to the fifteenth century, so presumably g
there is no record of this late fourteenth century work among the ~
fabric-rolls at Salisbury. The earliest of the Communars’ accounts ;
(he adds) belongs to 1375, and there are Chapter Acts as early —
as 1320—26, 1329, and onwards. It seems possible that in these ~
there may be some clue found to the history of these representations —
of royal personages. As John of Gaunt and Henry, Earl of Derby |
(afterwards King Henry IV.), were admitted into the Fraternity
of the Church of Salisbury in 1389 (Dunham Register, fo. 117),—
as Henry, Prince of Wales, was in 1409;—it seems just possible
that Bolingbroke may have given, or occasioned, this decoration of
the choir with the names, and (presumably) the effigies of twenty
1The Choir Stalls of Lincoln Cathedral, by Preb. J. Fred. Wickenden.
Lincoln Diocesan Archit. Soc. Trans., in Associated Architectural Societies’
Reports, vol. xv., part ii. (1880), pp. 179—197.
By Chr. Wordsworth, M,A. Biel
of the Kings and Queens of England,! as an act of reparation to the
memory of “ Le Roy Richard de Burdeucx.”
Nore on THe Roop-BrEam.—Mr. Francis Price, the Clerk of the Fabrick,
and author of Zhe British Carpenter,—who died in 1753, had assured the
Dean and Chapter that a beam which in earlier days had been “placed across
the choir, above the lower tier of arches, for the purpose, as was always
supposed, of resisting the pressure of the side walls,” might be taken away
with the most perfect safety. It was looked upon as a special eyesore—‘‘an
unpleasing object” which “ greatly intercepted the view at the entrance of
the choir,” when in the eighteenth century people were beginning to hanker
alter a vista. When James Biddlescombe made his sketch of the nave of
Salisbury Cathedral, engraved by J. S. Muller in 1754 (of which there is a:
reduced representation etched by J. Fisher in P. Hall’s Picturesque Salisbury,
1834, Plate vi.), he showed the old organ (by Renatus Harris, 1710) mounted
upon the old stone pulpitum, but he used an artist’s privilege to omit the
beam from his drawing. It was not however then removed ; but in 1786
(as Mr. W. A. Wheeler records in the first part of his handy little Sarwm
Chronology, 1889, p. 36) this large beam was declared useless and was
ordered to be taken away. In 1789, Mr. James Wyatt, who “coincided
with the former opinion expressed by Mr. Price,” carried out the fatal order
for its destruction, and the beam was “sawn asunder under his inspection.”
W. Dodsworth, the verger, relates this in his 8vo Guide to the Cathedral
Church, which.ran through 3 editions in 1792 (pp. 34, 35). He applauded
this among other “late great improvements made therein under the direction
of James Wyatt, Esq.” By the time, however, that Dodsworth’s larger
book, Historical Account of the Episcopal See,” &c., appeared in 1814, the
Outery raised by Richard Gough, Bp. Milner, and others, had aroused some
Misgivings, and the verger acknowledged (p. 180)—when pulpitum as well
as beam had both been swept away—that the former was “as antient as
‘the church,” and that ‘perhaps this beam may have served originally to
Support the Rood Loft.” It was, I doubt not, the trabs crucifix, “ forming
@ prominent architectural line of demarcation east of the stalls.” (C. A.
Wicholson. Art. Screen, in Harford and Stevenson’s Prayer Book Dict.,
p. 742. Cf. Cox and Harvey’s Hngl. Church Furniture, pp. 86, 87.) The
rood had been removed here probably (as at St. Edmund’s Church) in 1562,
but the “‘eminencia” was mentioned by Bp. Poore in his Custom Book
({Frere’s Use of Sarum, i., p. 4) as the place for relics, crucifix, and images,
with six lights provided by the Treasurer. It is evident that a course of
Stones below the triforium has been re-set just above the stalls of Grimston
prebend and the Archdeacon of Sarum, although the opposite wall, above
‘Rotesfen and the un-named stall in the Treasurer’s “quarter” do not show
their wound.
"In the foregoing paper I have (virtually) assumed that Nomina Regum
implies the existence of figures or other representations of the illustrious
persons named in the three lists. It will of course be noticed that the
writer of the list began at his left hand looking east, z.e. on the “ Chanter’s
Side” (Cantoris), instead of (Decanz) to his right, and thus he dislocated
the historical or chronological succession of the figures. By a curious
coincidence the arrangement of the effigies of Bishops in Mr. C. E. Ponting’s
stall canopies has followed (advisedly) the scribe’s arrangement so far as to
begin zn sinistra parte chort, though it has not followed his mistake as to
chronology.
5yo
LIS! OF WILTSHIREMEN EXTRACTED FROM THE —
MINUTE BOOKS OF THE COMPANY OF WEAVERS OF
LONDON. 1653—1674.
By F. R. Y. Rapcuirre, K.C.
The history of the Worshipful Company of Weavers of London
is being written, and for that purpose the old minute books of the
Company have been inspected; and I have had an opportunity of
transcribing a good many of them (so far as material). 7
The Company is the oldest of all the London Trade Guilds—
having been incorporated by royal charter at least as far back as
the reign of Henry the First: and its history is extraordinarily
interesting, as will be seen when the book appears.
My present purpose is to contribute to the Wilts Ar chocological
Magazine a few entries in the minute books which concern the
County of Wilts.
The Common Hall of the Company, well-known as the algae of
meeting of the Cromwellian Committees, was destroyed in the
Great Fire of London—but the Company chanced to have at the
time an unusually competent and careful clerk, who managed to
save many of the old documents, including the minute books, as far
back as 1653. The same clerk, during his tenure of office, except
between 1654 and 1661, when I suppose that the business of the |
took up his freedom. He was, alas, the only clerk who did so.”
This record is of great interest. We talk now-a-days of the exodus”
from country into town. The record shows that this movement:
was well established as far back as 1653. At least four-fifths of —
the members taking up their freedom at that time came from the —
provinces. They came from every county in England from North-_
umberland to Cornwall, from several counties in Wales, and, |
occasionally, from Scotland and Ireland. Most of them cane
from Northamptonshire and Leicestershire and elsewhere in the
List of Wiltshiremen, &e. 573
Midlands: but many from other counties. The only neighbour-
hoods which provided very few were the immediate surroundings
of Salisbury, Bristol, and Exeter. I suppose that this is to be
accounted for by the fact that those cities were themselves pro-
vided with a complete set of trade guilds. I append a transcript
of the entries relating to the County of Wilts. I must premise
that the original document has suffered a good deal from water ;
and there is one name which, unfortunately, always occurs in a
damp place, and is almost impossible to decipher. It might be
“Malmesbury” or “Marlborough.” Possibly someone familiar
with family names in those places can say which is right. The
letters “C & W” throughout mean “ Citizen & Weaver of London.”
Meution will be found ogcasionally of a “foreign” master or
journeyman. ‘This does not mean an alien, but simply a class of
men who had served their articles of apprenticeship with people
who were not freemen of the Company.
The Weavers of London, froma very early date, waged an
unremitting war against anyone being allowed to carry on the
‘trade of a weaver in London who was not a freeman of the guild.
Eventually, largely under pressure from the Plantagenet kings, who
were always introducifg alien weavers, some kind of compromise
| was arrived at under which a man who had duly served his articles
to a weaver at home or abroad, although his master was not a
member of the guild, might be admitted, on payment of a fine, a
“foreign” master, journeyman, or brother: and thenceforward was
allowed to exercise his trade in London and to take apprentices,
who were duly enrolled in the books of the Company. What,
exactly, the rights of these “foreigners” were, and whether they
‘could ever pass into the other class of “citizen and weaver of
London,” I have not yet been able to discover. The early minute
books of the Company teem with them, especially with alien
refugees coming from France and Flanders, usually by way of
Canterbury or Norwich,
FREEDOMS.
1653 © 9. May— William Whitlocke son of John, of Filedon (? Figheldean)
co: Wilts, Taylor—appr: to Thomas Wilkin, C. & W., made free.
574 = List of Wiltshiremen extracted from the Minute Books
16.
is
26.
22.
: 12.
ee 16. Jany: John White s. of ‘Thonias, of Fifield, parish of Enford, co:
27.
1661 — 16.
18.
’ Glover; appr: to Thomas Smith, C. & W., made free;
1661/2 20.
17.
we
1662 4,
15.
27.
8th. Decr: Henry Griffin, s. of Thomas, late of Ebreyi(? Avebury) co:
1662/3 9.
_ Ap: John Betterton s. of Robert, of Cricklade, co: Wilts, butchery
. Ap: Robert Partridge s. of Penny of Milburn co: Wilts, Yeoman,
_to Walter Jones, C. & W:, made free.
a
May—William Trebrett, son of J ohn, of Brinckworth co: Wilts,
Tailor, appr: to W™. Hooker; C. & W., made free. _
Sep:—Jordan Huntley, s. of. Taree of Chitterne co: Wilt
Blacksmith—appr: to Rich*. Watts, C. & W., made free.
Sep: Henry Gore, s. of Edward, of Wraxall co: Wilts, labourer,
appr: to John Crowland, C, & W. (from Bridéwell), made free.
Nov: William Coward s. of Thomas, of the Devizes co: Wilts,
weaver, appr: to W™. Harradon, C. & W., made free.
Dec: James Tanner s. of William, of Salisbury co: Wilts, Clothier
appr: to John Bancks, C. & W., made free.
Wilts, husbandman, appr: to John [es Jun“, of Devizes, Weaver,
admitted a foreign brother.
March. William Starke, s. of Bartholomew, of Martin co: Wilts,
Yeoman, appr: to: joing Crosley, C. & W., made free. —
s
e
4
appr. to Ralph Emots, C. & W., made free.
appr: to William Shipis, C. & W., made free.
Nov: Francis Jeffreys s. of Rovers of Highworth co: Wilts,
Yeoman, appr: to George Roberts, C. & W., made free.
(Hiatus between 1654 and 1661.)
Sep: Richard Hooper s, of Thomas, late of Todbury co: Wilts, ;
Taylor, appr. to Alex" Hosea, C. & W., made free. ° 4
Nov. Hercules Creswell, s. of Thomas, of Pewsey, co: Wilts,
Jan: William Lavington, s. of Richard, of ie coy of Wilts, Clerk 7
appr: to Thomas Yates, C. & W., made free.
Feby: Thomas Savery, s. of Thomas, of Pewsey co: Wilts , Weaver,
appr: to George Knightley, C. & W., made free.
March: Stephen Sharpp s. of Sith ou of the coy of Wilts, appr:
Aug: Francis Potter s. of Francis, of Lavington co: Wilts, hus-
bandman, appr: to Francis Negus, C. i butohen made free.
Sep: Samuel Ghyes. of Samuel, of Trowbridge co: Wilts, yeoman.
appr: to Thomas Yates, C. & W., made free.
Oct: John Dryver, s. of Richard, late of Calne co: Wilts, hus-
bandman ; appr: to W™ Oakford, C. & W., made free.
7 Richard Edwards, s. of Richard, tate of Devizes co: Wilts,
hatter, dec; appr: to Rich’. Boomer, C. & W., made free.
Wilts, labourer, dec’ appr: to John Williams, C. & W., made free.
Feby: Edward Morgan, s. of Richard, late of Wanniaeien co:
Wilts, farrier, dec’. ; appr: to William Truxton, C. & W., made
free.
Of the Company of Weavers of London, 1653—1674. 570
1662/3 19. Feby: William Streete, s. of Robert, of Escott by Swindon, co:
Wilts, husbandman: appr: to Philip Haile, C. & joyner, made
free.
1663 6. Ap: Michael Bridges, s. of Michael, of Highworth co: Wilts,
yeoman; appr: to William Benson, C. & W., made free.
24. Aug: Thomas Keetch, s. of Thomas, of the coy of Wilts; appr:
to Richard Dudley, C & W., made free.
7. Dec’: George Davis, s. of J ae of Hatchbury, co: Wilts, clerk ;
app: to William Shaw, C: & W.; made free.
1663/4 21. March:) William. Cox; s. of Buriliolamews late of Hywood, co:
4 Wilts, husbandman ; appr: to Jasper Mase, C. & W., made free.
» »». Edward Crew, s. of Thomas of Marlborough (? Malmesbury)
_ co: Wilts, yeoman ; appr. to Thomas Ball, C. & W,, made free.
“664° «16. May: Francis Browne, s. of’ Francis, of Swindon, co: Wilts,
o ‘labourer ; appr: to William Coward, C., & W., madé free:
°6. June Richard Kill (? Keel), s. of Richard, of Devizes co: Wilts,
yeoman ; appr: to William Coward, C. & W., made free.
an Henry Pearley, s. of Thomas of Walusbrine (? Malmesbury,
om Marlborough), co: Wilts, Malster ; appr. i) Reprard Langley,
- ©. & cordwainer—made free.
4, July:. Josper Cooper, s. of Jasper, of Nee motee co: Wilts,
yeoman ; appr: to Solomon Best, O. & W., made free.
“18. July: Fardinando Fowler, s. of Taeginenelo of Wootton- under-
ies + Hedge: co: Wilts (? Wootton Bassett), Be ee a appr: to
_ = « Christopher Asher, C. & W., made free.
1664 “16, Aug: William Davis, s. of Then of Hatchbury co: Wilts, clerk ;
appr: to William Godbid, C. & W. , made free.
5. Sep: William Grannt s. of wyellnena of Bishopstrow co: Wilts
oy fuller; appr: to Ahasuerus Isacraft, G& W,, made free:
» 19. Sep: John Shergall (Shergold), s. of Shergall, of Wodinton co:
= Wilts, Yeoman ; appr: to Roger Panton, C. & W., made free.
John Knapp, s. of John, late of Longley co: Wilts weaver,
dec? appr: to John Meadman, C. & W., made free.
14. Nov: Henry Shelton, s. of Henry,:of Breton (? Bratton), co:
Wilts, husbandman ; appr: to Thomas Sharpp, C. & W., made
free.
1666 12. March—John Brice apprentice to George Sees of New Sarum
admitted a foreign journeyman.
1668 Qgnd November; John Wilkins brought a certificate of his service
from Wilts of 7 years service and was admitted a foreign
journeyman.
1669 28th June ; Robert Phillips, fain Swindon, admitted a. foreign
master.
1674 6th July; Richard Pulman by certificate under the seal of the
Corporation of Weavers of New Sarum in the County of Wilts
signed by two Wardens was admitted a foreign journeyman.
mh)
LIDDINGTON CASTLE (CAMP).
By A. D. Passmors.
On the northern escarpment of the Wiltshire Downs stands
Liddington Castle. The N.W. angle of a somewhat oblong and
flat plateau has been intrenched by carrying a ditch and double
bank around the edge of the hill, and connecting the ends by an
almost right-angled work stretching over the flat surface of the
tableland.. The north, east, and south ditches form three sides of a —
square with rounded angles, while the remaining W. side is roughly
a semicircle with its southern end much flattened. The fortification
is still a strong one,! the highest banks being on the E. and S. sides
where, owing to the flat ground, approach would be easy.
It contains nearly eight acres, and from the inside communication
by signals? could be kept up with the following strongholds :—
Barbury, Binknoll, Bury Hill (near Minety), Castle Hill (Blunsdon),
Martinsell, Ringsbury, all in Wilts; Badbury Hill and Uffington,
in Berks; Ranbury, in Gloucestershire; and others of less im-
portance ; while at a still greater distance one can see the intrenched
hills around Cheltenham and Bath. In the spring of 1896 a part —
of the interior of this hill fort was excavated for the purpose of
obtaining flints; the work went on intermittently for four years,
and was visited for some hours each week by the writer, who ob-
tained everything of human manufacture which was found.
The relics consist of :—
167 pieces of pottery.
300 flint flakes (about).
4 pieces of bronze.
5 stone objects.
21 fragments of mealing stones.
70 fragments of an iron vessel.
Numerous animals’ bones (only the best preserved).
1 Except at the S.W. corner, which appears !to have been purposely
weakened or it may have been left unfinished.
2 Smoke by day and fire by night.
—— .
na
fen
wie
Liddington Castle (Camp). 577
_ The site of the diggings is in the N.E. corner of the encampment
and a compass bearing taken from the centre of the entrance!
shows the excavation to be 75° W. of N. from that point and 122
yards distant. Standing on the site and looking N. the inside
bank is 50 yards distant, while a line drawn from the W. end of
Coate Reservoir to the entrance would pass through the eastern
part of it. (This observation was taken by sight only.) This part
of the camp is remarkable for the great depth of mould and black
earth overlying the chalk. Whereas outside on the open down
the surface soil is only a few inches thick, here it is in some places
nearly two feet in depth. This fact, together with the quantity
of black earth, bones, and pottery, would seem to prove the long
and continuous occupation of the site and to modify somewhat the
current theory of hill forts being only occupied in times of danger.
It is certainly contradictory that the continued occupation of hut
circles and village sites on the high downs should be allowed, but
not that of the camps, purely on the ground of defective water
supply, a reason which affects both equally.
The excavation was carried on by removing the turf, then ir-
regular trenches were cut, in which process the flints were removed
(for the roads) from above the chalk, and lastly the remaining earth
was replaced under the original turf. Archeeologically this digging
was far from what could be desired, as it is quite probable that
many pits still exist on the site and were overlooked by the work-
men, whose chief aim was flints at so much a yard. Again it
should be always understood that in a situation such as this, where
many different classes of relics are associated, there can be no
absolute proof of their being contemporaneous. It is well known
that if a coin, say of the seventeenth century, had been dropped and
left lying on this surface,it would through the action of earthworms,”
be found to-day at the same level as the ancient relics about to be
IThis entrance is at the S.E. corner and is said by old people to have
been made when flints were first dug here for the roads. It is shown on
Hoare’s plan, but my informant said that it was made by his father when a
young man, ‘his would be just before Hoare saw it, z.e., at the end of the
18th century.
? See Darwin’s Vegetable Mould and Eurthworms.
VOL. XXXVIII.—NO. CXXII. 2 Q
578 Liddington Castle (Camp). t
described. This fact as regards the Wiltshire downs has not always
been kept in mind, and objects found together have been too hastily
placed in the same periods. Everything hard and of sufficient
density has a tendency to sink to the chalk below, where relics of
all ages lie side by side.
In describing the various objects I propose placing them all
provisionally in the early part of the Late-Celtic, or Early Iron Age,
although some of the pottery may, perhaps, be earlier.
POTTERY.
111 plain fragments.
DAL 55. MNAMEE
10 ornamented rims.
2D i pieces of body of vessels.
——
167
Of the 35 fragments of ornamented ware there are
31 bearing patterns composed of straight lines, or lines
of dots.
4 with patterns composed of curves or circles.
Unfortunately the sherds are so small that nothing absolutely
certain can be said as to the shape of the pots to which they —
belonged, but they seem to have been small vessels of about 6 or 7 —
inches high, of proportionately large diameter, with flat bases, and —
in all cases hand-made. The paste was mixed with powdered flint, —
and some larger pieces of that material,' while in colour the
fragments vary from red to black, but are generally of a dark
reddish brown. There has been little done in the way of surface
polishing. In shape (as far as can be judged) they are :—(A)
Globular, with a constriction towards the top from which rises a v4
plain expanding rim.” (B) Globular, with a shoulder and a flat
incurved rim. (C) Straight-sided, with a plain or slightly beaded
rim; but the “bead rim” proper of Late Celtic date does not
i ee ee
occur.
1 Tn one case the interior of a straight-sided pot has been purposely covered
with very small flints.
2 Like a “ Drinking Cup” with about two inches cut off the top edge.
By A. D. Passmore. 579
_ There were also one large pottery bead or whorl, and a quantity
of thick burnt clay and sand, part of hut floors (2).
STONE.
About 300 flint flakes and waste cores.
arrowhead, flint, round base.
trimmed flint flake
scrapers, flint.
borer, flint.
sarsen axe or mace head (fg, 23).
shaped stones. (Pl. IV., 1).
21 Fragments of slightly dished mealing stones (or
saddle querns).
1 holed quern of Late Celtic type.
2 stone whorls. (Pl. IV., 2 and 3).
Do eR we
m0 23
Axe Head of Sarsen.
580 Liddington Castle (Camp).
The quality of the flint working is distinctly poor, the flaking is
irregular and would seem to indicate a late rather than an early
period; the arrowhead is of uncommon shape and of fair work-
manship. :
The axe or macehéad is a rare piece, made from a. large flat
triangular flake of sarsen, and doubtless intended to be mounted
in a withy stick, the middle of which would be looped round the
notches and the two ends brought together side by side to make
the handle. The notches are carefully worked from both sides
It measures 176 mm. x 124 mm., the greatest thickness being
31 mm., and the weight 1 lb. 7 ozs.
One mealing stone, or saddle quern, although worn very thin
and broken, still measures 16 inches by 10 inches.
BRONZE.
1 awl.
1 small flat plate, perforated. (Pl. IV., 7).
1 bent pm: . (Pl. IV;, 6).
2 fragments of thin plate.
The awl (Pl. IV., 4) is of a thick type and square section, of
which a certain number of specimens have been found on the downs
but not in barrows, or as a rule in very definite association with
any very definite period. The fragment of a ring headed bent pin .
is of interest because it can with some show of reason be approxi-
mately dated to the 2nd century B.C.1. These pins are characteristic
of the Early Iron Age, and when perfect have a large ring head,
with interior ornamentation.? In some cases the ring head has
been rivetted to a flange cast on the pin itself, which appears to
be the case with this example.
TRON.
The only iron objects found are the remains of an interesting
vessel formed of thin sheets of metal rivetted together with large
round-headed bronze studs, the iron plates in some parts are double, ~
the back plate flat, superimposed on which is a thin plate beaten —
1 Proc. Soc. Ant., Xx., 344,
2 See one from “ Danes Graves.” Mortimer, Forty Years’ Researches, 364.
By A. D. Passmore. 581
out in places so as to show knobs at intervals on the surface. Of
‘the seventy pieces none are more than two inches in diameter,
while all are much oxidised. On some fragments the repoussé
working seems to be in the form of a horse’s head and of connected
circles, but with such small fragments it is not safe to positively
state what they really were.
ANIMALS’ BONES.
Of a large quantity of bones obtained many have been split
longitudinally for culinary purposes, and they all doubtless repre-
sent the food of the former inhabitants of the site. Many of them
were kindly examined by Professor Boyd Dawkins, who reports
that the following animals are represented :—goat or sheep, horse,
pig, ox (Bos longifrons).
CONCLUSIONS.
In considering the date of this settlement, one is confronted
with the contradictory evidence of the bronze objects. If we take
the ring-headed pin as a contemporary relic the site would probably
be dated about 200 B.C.; on the other hand, if the bronze awl be
admitted as evidence, the date would be somewhat earlier,
As regards the pottery it may be said at once that it is more
like that of the Late Celtic age than any thing else, but still there
is a difference; the best art of that age is influenced by classical
models, the graceful pedestalled urn, the beautiful spirals, and the
like, while the art of the period expressed by this pottery has
nothing of that character (as illustrated by the present finds). The
ornamentation is still mainly of the straight line Bronze Age de-
signs, and as such may perhaps be placed in a transitional period
between the two ages. Similar pottery, the shape and orna-
mentation being in some cases identical, occurs at the Late Stone
Age site of Butmir, near Sarajevo, Bosnia,’ while the peculiar
triangle pattern of punctured dots is known from Khaba’ analh in
Lower Egypt, sometimes accompanied by lines and spirals filled
in with white powder, and found with datable relics of the XII.
1 Hoernes. Die Neolithische Station von Butmir,
582 Liddington Castle (Camp),
and XIII. dynasties! before 2000 B.C. It is found on Neolithic
sites in Malta,? and although not common in this country is seen
on the much restored cup and cover found in a round barrow at —
Aldbourne, Wilts,?, with a cremated interment, near which was a
second cup similarly ornamented but having the punctured dots
filled in by a white powder, exactly as in the Egyptian pottery —
mentioned above. With this interment was a lignite pendant,
which is obviously a copy of the well-known Egyptian faience
rings (not “porcelain,” as so often stated). Beckhampton, Wilts,
and Camerton, Somerset, have also supplied Bronze Age examples
‘of this peculiar pattern, which occurs on “Incense Cups” of ex-
panded shape which seem to be confined to the S.W. of England,’ —
and might be claimed as the work of one potter. We have seen
in the table above that straight line ornamentation predominates
over that with curves in the proportion of 9 to 1, and also the —
agreement in character with certain ornamented “Incense Cups.”
It seems, therefore, not unreasonable to suggest that the whole find
dates from the beginning of the Early Iron or Late Celtic Age, and
to consider the ring-headed pin as an accidental intrusion of some-
what later date, and the bronze studded iron vessel as a rare im-
portation from the Continent. However, it may be said that —
nothing quite like this pottery has yet been found, and beyond —
pointing out its characteristics and affinities it is as well to refrain —
from ascribing it to any definite period until future discoveries”
point out its true significance.®
'Griffith. Tell-el- Yahudiyeh, 56. XIX.
* Taglioferro. Hal Saftienc.
3 Archeologia, LIL., 51.
‘Several pieces of the pottery from Liddington show traces of the white
filling, as also do some fragments of beakers from the W. Kennett Long —
Barrow.
5 Thurnam.
6 Mr. Passmore allows me to call attention to the similarity of some of
the patterns here illustrated to those on the pottery from the Late Celtic
settlement at All Cannings Cross Farm, illustrated by Mrs. Cunnington
(W.A.M., xxxvii., 526), especially the impressed circles and the dots and ~
scored lines. See Plate III., fig. 3, and Plate IV., fig. 4, of the All Cannings
pottery. Fig. 20 (Liddington), with the trellis lines, has a late appearance.
—E. H. Gopparp. ’
By A. D. Passmore. 083
This find is of importance as bearing on. the date of the hill fort
itself, and on the whole the available evidence goes to prove that
Liddington Castle should be placed in the class of Late Celtic
camps, with the possibility that it may be somewhat earlier. As
regards the position of this and other similar camps, one is bound
to come to the conclusion that in such an exposed spot, 911 feet
above sea level and swept by the N. and E. winds, these people
could not have lived without the shelter of the great bank and the
stockade which doubtless surmounted it.1 .
We have here the dwelling place of a few families of a rude
people leading just the life of the modern natives of Central Africa,
who lived in huts with floors of burnt clay and sand, made cloth,
planted corn, ate their flocks of goats or sheep, and cattle, and still
used some stone weapons, and hunted with flint-tipped arrows.
The whole of the finds here described are in the writer’s collection,
who hopes at some future date to thoroughly excavate the site.
DESCRIPTION OF PLATES.
PLATES I. IL, & ILI. (Pottery.)
1. Light brown; pattern triangular or square, of hatched lines. Well
made. Paste fine. 147mm.
2. Rim; triangular pattern of alternately scored and punctured dot lines,
dark reddish brown. 10mm.
3. As the last, much finely powdered flint, punctured dots.
4, Part of shoulder of incurved rim ; triangular pattern of punctured dots
below line of chevrons on shoulder. Colour as last. 16mm.
5. Dark red; triangular pattern of scored lines. 10mm.
6. Rim; brought up to thin edge from inside, edge slashed, bead below
similarly treated, thick coarsely made, light brown. 20mm.
7. Grey-brown, thin and well made; pattern of grooved lines. 12mm._
8. Chocolate; triangular design of punctured dots confined by scored
lines. 14mm.
9. Shoulder; pattern of curved lines, light brown. 10mm.
10. Dark red; circular design, punctured dot line within scored lines. 14mm.
11. Light brown; angular pattern of punctured dots. 13mm.
12, 13. Incurved rim with slashed edges, black inside, red coated,
: roughly made and full of large pieces of flint. Appears to have been
brushed over while wet. 11mm.
1Tn the hill fort of Uffington, seven miles to the east, Martin-Atkins
found proof of a formidable stockade having at one time surmounted the
| ramparts. (See Thurnam and Davis, Cranza Britannica.)
2 The numbers after the descriptions refer to the thickness in millimetres.
22,
Ww)
1 See Proc. Soc. Ant., 2nd §., xxii., 66—77, especially F’g. 4 on page 74.
LInddington Castle (Camp).
Rim of straight-sided vessel ; top edge notched; brown. 12mm.
Thick reddish brown ; pattern of scored lines. 18mm.
Grey brown; pattern of three scored lines. 14mm.
Shoulder of vessel ; plain below,ornamented above; black brown. 10mm.
Thick black-brown ; pattern of six converging lines. 16mm.
Straight-sided vessel, fragments of rim, and towards base ; indistinct
pattern, triangular, of punctured dots ; inside thickly coated with
powdered flint; black with brown patches. 11mm.
Black rim ; network of grooved lines ; surface slightly polished. 16mm.
Dark coral red, rim; pattern of alternately reversed triangles filled -
with grooved lines; identical with ornament on Bronze Age incense
cups. 14mm.
Thick brown ; line of impressed circles made by a hollow bone or elder
twig (7). 17mm. ‘
PLATE IV.
Hard close-grained sandstone, carefully worked into an irregular circle
by hand. Diameter 42mm; thickness, 24mm. One similar, but
kidney-shaped, was with it. 50mm. xX 21mm.
Whorl of hard chalk. Diameter 37mm.
Whor]l? Made from an exceedingly hard pebble, hand worked.
Trregularly round. Seven horizontal lines. Diameter 28mm. ; height
19mm. Perforation straight-sided but nearly 1mm. greater at base ©
. than at top. a
Bronze awl of large strong square section; damaged. Length 60mm. ;
section 64mm.
Bronze gilt object ?; the surface channelled into scrolls, the hollows
having been filled in with green enamel. This object is not from the
excavation, but was picked up on the surface of a ploughed field
under Liddington Castle towards Medbourne. It has a very Late
Celtic or Romano British appearance, but Mr. Reginald Smith
who has seen it, regards it as of the same date as the enamelled
escutcheons for attachment to hanging bowls of about the 7th century:
A.D. !
Fragment of ring-headed pin; part of the rivet which secured the head
remains, Bronze. Extreme length 30mm. i
Thin plate of bronze perforated. 36mm. X 17mm. Perforation 5mm-
x 2mm.
Pottery, brown, perforated, length 33mm., thickness 5mm.
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585
ON SOME
BRONZE AGE POTTERY OF “FOOD VESSEL” TYPE.
By A. D. PAssMoRE.
Although the “ Food Vessel” proper of northern type is unknown
from Wiltshire, still it may be reasonably claimed that the vessels
described below which have been found. in this county are of that
class, though they are of a somewhat different character in detail
from the Yorkshire specimens. They cannot be placed with the
other well-known forms of barrow pottery and have every ap-
pearance of being closely related to the “ Food Vessel” family, one
of them being but a variety of that figured by Greenwell.
Some years ago (1894) labourers digging a shallow trench through
the West Woods, Overton, found at a depth of 2ft. 6in. the curious
vessel illustrated in /%ig. I. The ground at the spot was level, and
no other relics of antiquity were noticed.?
Fig. I. Vessel from the West Woods, Overton.
It is a handmade vessel of coarse manufacture, the paste of a
red-brown colour interspersed with numerous fragments of flint,
some of which are a quarter of an inch in diameter. Apparently
1 British Barrows, Fig. 69, p. 85.
2 No one but the labourers themselves saw the excavations, so there may
possibly have been an interment.
586 On some Bronze Age Pottery of “ Food Vessel” T'ype.
before firing it has been taken between the hands of the potter and
pressed in such a way that the part between the palms was little
affected, but the part between the fingers has been pressed together
and narrowed till the mouth of the vessel is triangular in outline.
Observing the vessel from the widest end and looking towards the
apex of the triangular surface, at the mouth, it is to be noticed
that on the right side there are marks, on the rim, as if the clay
had retained the impression of the joints of the first finger of the
potter. Experimentally a pot was made of finely tempered clay
and while still wet it was pressed as described above and exactly
the same shape and marking resulted. This, however, must not
be taken as proof, as the distortion may have been caused by burial
in damp ground and the pressure of the superimposed earth. The
point has been dwelt upon because of the similarity to another
vessel described below. From a greatest base diameter of 95mm.
it gradually increases in size to an average height of 86mm. when
it contracts from a slight shoulder to a greatest lip diameter of
158mm., while that of the shoulder is slightly larger, the whole
height being 121mm. Immediately below the shoulder and on
opposite sides of the cup are two small knobs which protrude 9mm.
in one case and 11mm, in the other. Inside there still remains a
quantity of burnt matter, which when microscopically examined
proved to have been vegetable, but there is no trace of bone, burnt
or otherwise.
In the Stourhead Collection, at Devizes, is a small vessel, num-
bered 43, and described as a
“Small urn-shaped Food Vessel with projecting ridge, pressed into
oval shape before burning, height 34in., diam. at top 4 x 3in., at base
24in. Upton Lovel. Barrow I.” (J/lustrated.)
In Hoare’s “ Ancient Wiltshire,” I,,'74, Station III., it is recorded
that the above vessel was found as follows :—
- “No, I. a circular barrow, situated on the west side of Upton Lovel
Down, was opened by a labourer in order to procure flints ; and Mr.
Cunnington hearing by accident of his operation, attended at the spot,
just as he had discovered a large rude urn, which was broken in taking
out of the cist ; it was full of burned human bones and- amongst them
was found the elegant pair of nippers engraved in Tumuli, PL. IX. In
turning the barrow completely over for the sake of flints, he found at
about six feet from the central interment, a small urn imperfectly baked,
and full of redfearth and vegetable mould.”
By A. D. Passmore. 587
Later on it is recorded that two other small urns were found,
- which, with the first, were set in a circle round the central] in-
terment (urn), and in the next barrow examined (No. 2) the primary
interment was of burnt bones, while placed round it were five other
urns of various sizes forming an eight foot circle, around the central
cist. All these urns except the first-mentioned were broken, and
as such were apparently beneath the notice of our early relic
hunters, and were consequently abandoned.
It is of importance to note that none of these small vessels con-
tained burnt bones but are recorded as having contained ashes and
earth of various colours, very black as regards one. There can be
little doubt that they were placed on the floor of the barrow filled
with food, as offerings to. the dead, a custom prevalent amongst
nearly all early races. The vessel just described is of better finish
than the first one mentioned above, and has been made with its
mouth of oval shape.
On Smeeth Ridge, at a point near Barrow 12 Ogbourne St.
Andrew (List of Prehistoric, &c., Antiquities), XIII. L. L. c. (Smith)
are three natural swellings of the down which look much like large
flat barrows. Between the two nearest to Barbury Castle (W) isa
rubble pit, which-is situated on a line between the W. edge of Four
Mile Clump and the huge disc-shaped barrow 1 Chiseldon (List
of Prehistoric, d&c., Antiqueties), XIII. L. I. a. (Smith).
‘Here on the medial line of this curiously attenuated ridge, in
August, 1912, men digging chalk rubble came upon a skeleton and
a pottery vessel which after being greatly disturbed and partly
carted away on the roads, was covered up. ;
In March,.1913, by the kind permission of Mr. J. B. Stevens, of
Ocbourne Manor, the spot was re-excavated by the writer. The
skeleton had been buried in a grave two feet deep, but as this had
been partly dug away its shape and size were undetermined. At.
the bottom there still remained the hands clasping the base of the
vessel. From careful cross-examination of the three men who
made the discovery, it is evident that the body was contracted, but
not to a very marked extent. There were no metal objects, nor,
as far as they could see, any worked flints. The vertebral column
lay roughly east and west, with the head to the east. This last
588 On some Bronze Age Pottery of “ Food Vessel” Type.
statement is proved to be correct from the fact that the finger bones
pointed to the north-east, aud were in such a position as to indicate
that the skeleton was lying on its right side. The base of the
vessel is irregularly flat, and judging from a careful examination —
of the numerous small fragments it must have been of the shape
and size of a small pudding basin with a projecting ridge 12mm. to
16mm. below the lip. It is ornamented in a not uncommon way
by a thin piece of wood or bone 44mm. wide, which has been pressed —
into the wet clay before firing in such a way that it made a mark
leaning to the right. The impressions were continued at irregular
intervals horizontally round the lip, while immediately below
another line was started in a similar manner, but with the marks
leaning to the left, and so on alternately till the greater part of
the upper portion was covered. (Fig. IT.)
Fig. II. Pottery from interment at Smeeth Ridge, Ogbourne St. Andrew.
No doubt it remains true that Wiltshire is one of those areas in
which the “Drinking Cup” is found accompanying early Bronze
Age interments, as distinguished from the vessel known technically
as a “ Food Vessel,” and that no well defined example of the latter
has yet been found within the borders of the county; but I would
suggest that the rude vessels described above and others like them
were really used for the purpose of containing food (as were also
the “Drinking Cups”), and that they take the place here of the
elaborately ornamented “Food Vessel” of the northern counties.
589
COPY OF A MS. IN THE POSSESSION OF
SIR WALTER GROVE, BARONET,
TO WHICH IS PREFIXED A COPY OF
A LAY SUBSIDY,
PRESERVED IN PusLic RECORD OFFICE.
Sir Walter Grove has kindly communicated a MS. containing a
list of the inhabitants of certain hundreds in Wiltshire, with certain
sums of money appended to each name. The date of the MS,
nowhere appears on it. A memorandum accompanying it is to the
following effect :—
“Believed to be Ship money Roll between 1638 and 1644. In 15th
Chas. Ist, 1639, a letter was written from the Lords of Council to the
respective Sheriffs of Counties to pay in the arrears of Ship money for
several years past last day of November, 1639. In 1636 Charles Ist sent his
writs for ship money into the inland counties; the distribution for Wilts
and Dorset was:—Wiltshire one ship of 700 tons and 280 men $7000.
Dorsetshire one ship of 500 tons and 240 men 50001.
With patience, local knowledge, and especially with access to
parish registers, such a document can doubtless be dated to a
nicety. Without these qualifications it is easy to arrive at a con-
clusion which tallies pretty closely with the dates assigned above.
If we take some of the clergy whose names appear in the list :—
George Pope was instituted to Donhead St. Mary in 1596, Robert
Walker to Chilmark in 1610, William Mervin to Fonthill Gifford
in 1611, Thomas Newland to Kingston Deverill in 1616, Luke
Sampson to Chicklade in 1617, Thomas Payne to Deverill Long-
bridge in 1622, Thomas Aylesbury to Berwick St. Leonard in 1625,
William Buckner to Damerham cum Martin in 1630, James
Whitney to Donhead St. Andrew in 1631, and John Phipp to
Teffont Evias in 1638. Of the “Quality” mentioned, Sir Anthony
Ashley Cooper succeeded his father 23rd March, 1631; Francis,
Lord Cottington, was so created 10th July, 1631; William, Lord
| Stourton, succeeded 7th May, 1633; Edward Hyde inherited in
Chicklade on the death of his father, Henry Hyde, 29th Sept.,
590 Copy of a MS. in the possession of Sir Walter Grove, Baronet,
1634; Lord Marlborough inherited from Matthew Ley in Teffont
apparently in 1636; Sir James Thynne was knighted (Shaw’s
Knights, vol. ii., p. 206) 23rd June, 1639; Henry Ludlow, esquire,
died seised of the manor of Kingston Deverell, 13th October, 1639,
and was succeeded by his son, Edward Ludlow, esquire, whose
name appears in our list; while Sir Henry Ludlow, of Maiden
Bradley, who also appears, is stated to have been buried 1st Nov.,
1643. Possession of Chadenwich was given (according to Hoare,
Hundred of Mere, p. 30,) by William Awbrey to John Coventry in
1640, and it is John Coventry who figures in our list. ‘To return to
the clergy, Christopher Ford was instituted to Compton Chamber-
lain in 1634, his successor in 1645. If these data, taken from
readily accessible books of reference, are reasonably correct, the
date of our document is narrowed to the interval 1640 to 1643.
Or we can try to settle the date in another way, namely, by
comparison of our document with a dated return of certain of the
inhabitants of the same district. Practically every name in this
dated return, which we are told definitely was made 2nd November,
1641, is to be found, with very many others in addition, in Sir
Walter Grove’s MS., but occasionally there is change. Thus in
the lists for West Knoyle the Michael Preston of the one has
become the “ Widdow Preston” of the other; John Watts of
Kingston Deverell appears in 1641; in Sir Walter’s MS. we find
“Edith Watts” but no John; and we are tempted to suppose that
Michael and John had died and that it was their widows who arenow —
assessed. If some statements made by Mr. J. J. Hammond (Wilts
Notes and Quertes, vol. iv., pp. 342—3) in a tentative account of the
Hyde family proved to be correct, the question would be as good
as settled by a comparison of the lists for the tything of Hatch.
In the return of 1641 “Robert Hyde Esq.” is assessed upon 10/. by
the year in land in Hatch, In Sir Walter Grove’s MS. the list of
names for Hatch is headed by “ Anne Hyde vidua,” and the name
of Robert Hyde does not appear in it at all. Now Mr. Hammond ~
tells us that Robert Hyde of Hatch married a wife, Anne Castillon,
that he had a lease of the rectory of Buckland Newton, Co. Dorset,
that according to a pedigree of the Castillon Family he died in
To which is prefixed a Copy of A Lay Subsidy. 591
1642, and that 2nd June, 1648, administration of the estate of
Robert Hyde of Buckland was granted to Anne, his relict. There
may be possibly some explanation forthcoming why the grant of
administration was thus deferred, always supposing that Robert of
Hatch and Robert of Buckland are identical; but assuming that
1642 is the correct date of death (—and we know already that
Robert was alive in November, 1641—), and that his wife Anne
survived him, inasmuch as it is Anne Hyde who is assessed in Sir
Walter Grove’s MS., and inasmuch as we know, upon reputable
_authority,! that Sir Henry Ludlow, who is also assessed in it,
was buried in November, 1643, we must conclude, that this MS.
| was drawn up in one or other of these two years 1642 or 1643.
Doubtless with more careful enquiry the date will be more
| accurately determined, and the nature of the document explained.
| Not only do names recur in it under different headings, for instance,
| Lord Cottington in Tisbury, Staple, Hatch, and Fonthill Gifford,
| but the same name is frequently repeated under one heading, for
| instance, in the list for Hatch “ Nicholas Scammell” occurs three
| times over, with varying figures appended to his name, “Thomas
Bennett, Esq.,” thrice, “Mr. Clutterbooke ” twice, Lord Cottington
| twice, and Roger Scamell twice. It looks as though we were dealing
| with parcels of land—and under Damerham we get the entry
« Ashbyes Coopers, 2 Farmes,” under Chadenwick “Cowardes
| Tenement ’”’—only we are given, apparently, not the acreage, not
| the rateable value, but the rate struck on each parcel,
In the matter of the return of 1641 we are provided with some-
thing much more definite. In the Parlament begun at Westminster
| 3rd November, 16 Charles (1640) a statute was enacted, Cap. 4
entitled “ An Act for the further reliefe of his Majesties Army and
the Northern Parts of the Kingdome,”’ By this Act it was ordered
| that “twoe entire Subsidies shall be rated taxed leavied, and paid
at one entire payment”; “every person born within this Realme
and every fraternity, guild . . . corporate and not
‘corporate . . . being worth 3/. as well in coine and the value
1 Certified Pedigree of Ludlow of Hill Deverill, Co. Wilts, to face p. 172
of vol. xxvi. of Wilts Arch. Mag.
092 Copy of a MS. in the possession of Sir Walter Grove, Baronet,
of every pound thatevery such person . . , hath . . . in
plate, stock of merchandize, all manner of corne and graine,
houshould stuffe and of other goods moveable . . . shall pay
to and for either of the said subsidies” 2s. 8d. “every alien and
alsoe every Popish Recusant convict which are or shall be indicted
for Popish Recusancy” of every pound, in trust or otherwise, in
coin, &¢., 5s. 4d. of every pound to each subsidy; every Alien and
Popish Recusant, aged 17, 8d. for every poll, the person they abide
with to be liable; every person, &e., that hath in fee simple, tail,
term of life, term of years, by copy of Court Roll, &c.,, lands,
annuities, &c., of the yearly value of 20s., to each subsidy 4s. for -
every pound, Recusants 8s. for every pound; absentees to be
charged by the certificate of the inhabitants of the place where
lands be, &c. ; the subsidies to be rated before 20th October, certified
to the Exchequer before 20th November, and paid before 1st
December, 1641.
The result for the Hundreds of Dunworth, &c., appears in the
following return, preserved in the Public Record Office, under the —
reference “ Lay Subsidies seer
407
m.1. Tuts EstREATE endented made the second day of November
in the Seaventeenth yeare of the raigne of our Soveraign Lord Charles —
by the grace of God Kinge of England Scotland France and Ireland ~
Defendour of the Faith &c. Concerning as well the names surnames,
and dwelling places As also the Just rate Vallew particuler and grosse ©
some and somes of mony that every person standeth taxed assessed and
charged withall within the hundredes of Dunworth Damerham South
Meere and the liberties therein and the libertie of Knoyle Episcopi in the
County of Wiltes within the Division of Warmuister in the said County ©
For touching and concerning the payment of the Two last Subsidies
granted by an Act of Parliament unto his Majestie in the Seaventeenth
yeare of his Highnes Raigne, &c. Intituled an act for the further releife —
of his Majesties Army and the Northerne parts of this Kingdome Taken
by St Henry Ludlow knight John Topp Thomas Moore and Thomas ~
Bennett Esquires his Majesties Commissioners By vertue of his highnes
Commission to them and others directed which said particuler somes
of mony are are to be collected & gathered by Edward Shoard of Maiden
Bradley in the county aforesaid gentleman High Collector for the said
Hundredes by the aforesaid Commissioners nominated & appoynted —
And to be paid by him unto his Majesties use into the Receipt of the
Exchequer according to the tenour and purpourt of the said Act of
To which is prefixed a Copy of A Lay Subsidy. 593
Parliament. In wittness whereof the Commissioners aforesaid to this
present Hstreat ihave sett their handes and seales the day and yeare
first above wrytten.
Henry Ludlowe
James Thynne Jo: Toppe.
Tho: More
m.2, WittEs. The Subsidie Booke for the Two Entyre Subsidies Granted
in this present Parliament by the Layty For the further Releife of
his Majestes Armye & the Northerne partes of the Kingdome Anno
17° regis Caroli.
HUNDREDUM DE DUNWORTH.
Hatcw TyYTHINGE.
hi. li.
Robert Hyde Esq? in Terris 3c, 1h
Thomas Bennett Ar. in Terris [cancelled]
Elizabeth Bennett in Terris [cancelled]
li. s.
Robert Walker Clarke in bonis ij. 0. viij.
Edwardus Fricker in bonis lij. 0. viljs
oneratur Willelmus Yongue generosus in Terris ilij. 0. xvj°.
cert’ M' Mallett vidua in Terris itis Oa
cert? Willelmus Chaldecott generosus in Terrisij. 0. viij®
, Thomas Cox in Annuitate j. 0. iijs
Willelmus Sanger in Annuitate j. 0. ij’.
Rogerus Scammell in Annuitate j. 0. ij’
Ricardus West in Annuitate j. 0. itty’
cert’ Willelmus Michell in Annuitate j. 0. inijs
cert’? Robertus Nicholas in Annuitate ij. 0. viijs
Henricus Huistes in Annuitate j. 0. iiij°
Oliver Tinker in Annuitate j. 0. itty:
cert Thomas Pryn generosus in Annuitate Th ©; ane
Affid’ Thomas Bennett gent’ in Annuitate Se ©, Tenis
Christofer Gray in Annuitate j. 0. i1ijs
John Scammell in goodes ij. 0. viijs
Thomas Jey in Annuitate jh) Gh) aay
William Fricker in Annuitate j. o. ilijs.
Nicholas Scammell in Annuitate j. 0. iij*
Thomas Rose generosus in bonis Wve OR sh Saliitet,
Willelm Gray in bonis Uae OnmnVAlliye
William Sanger in Annuitate i Oy THE
Summa Que hose 1B
ex.
Recusant. Robertus Scammell Co) 0 Oo viijt,
Mary his wife Cy) 0 oO viij?,
Thomas Allexander O° OO whe
VOL: XXXVIII.—NO. CXXII. , DR
594 Copy of a MS. in the possession of Sir Walter Grove, Baronet ‘
Dorothee Muncke 0 oo viijt,
Robertus Mercer 0 oo viijt
his wife o 0 0 Viij%
Summa iijj.s.
Summa hujus decenne 09. 6. 8
Summa duplicata 18. 13%, 4
ex.
Tispury TYTHINGE
Willelmus Arrundell Ar. & Mrs. Ever in bonis vij". 0, xviij'. viij*
cert’ Johannes Foiele Ar in bonis ij, o, x8, viij?,
pans Miles Phillipson generosus in Annuitate ij! 0. xvj* 0.
Agnes Oliver in Annuitate j. 0. ilij®.
oneratur Johannes Abbott in bonis ij 0. vilj’.
Matheus Combe in Annuitate ij. 0. viij®.
Lawrence Bisse in Annuitate jo. iiijs.
Henricus Fezard in Annuitate jo. iiij®.
Summa 3. 13. 4.
Recusant. Willelmus-Foyle generosus 0. 0. O.
his wife 0. 0. O.
Walter Fiffott 0. 0. 0.
Summa Opa 2hy 0;
Summa hujus decenne 3.15. 4.
Summa duplicata 7. 10! 8.
STAPLE TYTHINGE.
John Bracher in bonis iij%. 0. viij®. o.
Samuell Bracher in Annuitate j. 0. ilij® o.
John Turner in bonis iy! | On vais os
Lucas [altered to Ricardus] Tice in Annuitatej. 0. ili o.
cert? John Fricker in Annuitate j. 0. iij® o.
Alce Feazard in Annuitate j. 0. iij® o.
Albinus Davis in Annuitate ip Ob wen:
John Targett in Annuitate JonnOsn 111) *aray
John Scammell in Annuitate J. OL a1 itos
Willelmus Pilchard in Annuitate ie Gh hp, ©.
Recusant. Margerie Cotton 0. 0. 0.
William Haylocke 0. 0. oO.
Margarett Whettle 0.205. OF
Summa 2 0 0
Summa duplicata 5 0. O
To which is prefixed a Copy of A Lay Subsidy. 595
m.2d. CHICKESGROVE TYTHINGE.
Elianer Mompesson vidua in bonis vj 0. xvi. 0
cert’ S*". Giles Mompesson K‘. in terris j. 0. tity’.
cert’? Francis Pirkins Ar. in terris Jo Oh uO
cert? Edwardus South Ar. in terris j. 0. liijs. o.
cert’ Matheus Davys Ar. in bonis 5, Tesi avis
oneratur Thomas Bysse in bonis ij! o, vyiij’. o.
Agnes Davys vydua in Annuitate j. 0. liij®. o.
Edwardus Davys in Annuitate j. 0. ilij% o.
Willelmus Combe in bonis Vj. 0. xXvj*. 0.
Ricardus Haylocke in Annuitate j. 0. liij®%. oo.
Anthonius Targett in Annuitate j. 0. liij® o.
Andreas Sympson in Annuitate jo. ij’. o.
Recusant. Joane Haylocke vidua 0. 0. oO. viij%
Joane Sympson vidua 0 0. Oo. viij4
Joane Mercer 0 0.. 0. viijt.
Franc. Haylocke 0. 0. 0. vilij?.
Edwardus Davys 0. 0. 0. Vili’.
Summa a Gh 4S Ox
Summa duplicata 8. 18. 8. ex
; ANSTIE TYTHINGE.
Thomas Bratt in Annuitate lo. iuij®% o
Robert Best in Annuitate 1 o. ij. o
Willelmus Ford in Annuitate 1 o. iijs o
Lettice Short vidua in Annuitate 1 o. ij% o
Anne Jefferies vidua in Annuitate Yo, 113) 0
Willelmus Butt in Annuitate 1 @ moyP, ©
cert Thomas Randall in Annuitate 1 o. iiij. o
Recusants. William Chamberlyn 0 oO. oO. viijt
Mrs Mary Chamberlyn 0. oO. oO. vilj%
Nicholas a servant Oo. o oOo. viijt
Margarett Trew © © @, wut
Willelmus Huddy 0. oO. oOo. vilj%
Elizabeth Huddy 0. 0 oO viij%
Margarett Williams On 0!) Os) vale:
Johannes Haylocke OQ @ ©, wit
his wife O OO @ wy
Barter vidua 0. Oo. 0. vilj%
her daughter 0. oO oO. viij%
Summa i, 1, 4
Summa duplicata 3. 10. 8
ex,
596 Copy of a MS. in the possession of Sir Walter Grove, Baronet,
CHILMERKE TYTHINGE.
Elizabeth Coward in bonis ij. 0. viij®. o.
Anne Moore vidua in Annuitate j. Oo: ij. o.
Julian Moore vidua in Annuitate th O, Wey GF
cert? Radulphus Daniell in bonis. ij. 0; yiij®) 0.
Ricardus Fitze junior in bonis ij". 0. vilj® oo.
Johannes Furnell in Annuitate j. 0. iis o.
Phillip Dominicke in Annuitate is O wip ©;
Willelmus Jesse in bonis vii, 0, xij’. iij4.
Willelmus Moore in Annuitate jz Oh ole 0.
Thomas Macy in Annuitate j. 0. iij% o.
Summa Sule: ex,
Summa duplicata @G 2, '&. ex.
FountTELL GIFFORD.
William Jerard in terris _ ; Jo20) | iiljs, 0
Henricus Cantloe generosus in bonis j. 0. lj. o
Anthony Somner in Annuitate j. 0. iiij®% o
Edwardes Dolinge in Annuitate j. oO. ij o
Summa Xvjé. ex.
Summa duplicata af Saye,
ex.
Rupee TytTHINGE.
Johannes Bracher in Annuitate j. o
William Helme in Annuitate Tb ©:
Henry Fricker in Annuitate ib O:
Johannes Moore Junior in Annuitate j. o
j. 0
fe
a
a
Se eeep
Johannes Moore Senior in Annuitate ilij’.
Summa j% 0. 0. ex.
Summa duplicata 250) 0:
ex.
SWALLOCLIFF TITHING.
oneratur Edwardus South Ar. in terris xij aay. ville
ex,
Summa duplicata ij! xvj*.
m3. Trerront Evias TyTHINGE.
Johannes Phipp Rector in bonis Hes Oh, PEI, (0),
Augustine Hayter in Annuitate qs) Oh WAS ©;
Johannes Pittman in Annuitate j. 0. ij o.
Summa o. 16. 0. ex.
Summa duplicata 12a: ex.
To which is prefixed a Copy of A Lay Subsidy. 097:
CHCKLADE TYTHINGE.
Luke Sympson Clarke in terris Tes O, | HAR,
Margarett Mervyn vidua in Annuitate yo. viij®. 0.
Micholas Mervyn generosus in Annuitate j. 0. 1ilj® oo.
ex.
Summa o. 16. ©.
Summa duplicato il, 1d, Oy
ex.
SEDGHILL TyYTHINGE.
Thomas Kinge of Whitmersh in terris © Tithe @
Thomas Kinge of Hayes in terris j. 0. ilij%. o
Robert Tice in terris j. 0. iij. o
Ricardus Kinge in terris j. 0. ij, o
g. cert’ Johannes Kinge de Deanes in terris yo Os mk o
Thomas Whyte in terris j. 0. ij% o
John Weere in terris j. ©. iijs. o
Nicholas Goddard in bonis ij". 0. viljs. o
John Froud in bonis ij". o. viij. o
Thomas King de Stocklane in bonis lj", o. vilj®. o
Edward Coward in bonis iiji- 0. viij®. 0
g. John Kinge de Swetwell in bonis ij", o. viij*. o
Summa 3. 8. 0. ex,
Summa duplicata 6. 16. 0. ex.
Barwicke Sr. LEONARD.
cert’ John Grobham Ar. in terris Vie nee Ome Oe
John How et George How generosus in terris ‘xxx", yj". 0. o.
cert’ Ricardus West in Annuitate jie Ont os
Summa vijii- iiij®, 0. ex.
Summa duplicata xiiijli: viij. 0. ex.
DUNHEAD WINSFORD TYTHINGE.
LIBERTY.
Robert Grove Ar. in terris OSG
Thomas Grove in terris lia EO NO!
oneratur Mary Whytney in Annuitate ijl: 0. viij.o.
Johannes Compton in bonis © iiijli, 0, x*, viija,
Roger Strong in bonis ij. 0. viiij. 0.
Ralph Goodenow in Annuitate jl 0. iiijs. 0,
John Stride in Annuitate jl, 0. iif. 0.
Johannes Collyns in Annuitate ji. 0. iiij 0.
A Recusant Johannes Wilson On On Viljts
Summa 3. 19. 4 ex,
Summa duplicata 71. 18% 84 ex.
598 Copy of a MS. in.the possession of Sir Walter Grove, Baronet,
m.3d.
cert’
cert’
cert’
DocNnELL TYTHINGE.
Thomas Bennett Ar. in terris
Thomas Bower generosus in bonis
Sara Lilly vidua in Annuitate
Edith Bower vidua in Annuitate
Anne Wyott vidua in Annuitate
William Kerly in Annuitate
Thomas Gould in Annuitate
Edwardus Wilkins in Annuitate
Edwardus Lush in Annuitate
Valentine Abbott in Annuitate
Lawrence Burden in Annuitate
Summa,
Summa duplicata
Haystone TyTHINGE.
Robertus Moore gentleman in bonis
Ricardus Snooke gentleman in bonis
John Lush in bonis
Willelmus Burlton in Annuitate
Willelmus May in Annuitate
Christofer Weare in Annuitate
Thomas Bunter in Annuitate
Nicholas Penny in Annuitate
Johannes Weekes in Annuitate
Willelmus Don in Annuitate
Willelmus Lush in Annuitate
Richardus Gourd in‘ Annuitate
Johannes Burden in Annuitate
Thomas Burden in Annuitate
Ricardus Fricker in Annuitate
Summa
Summa duplicata
CHARLETON TYTHINGE.
Thomas Fry in terris
Mary Pope vidua in bonis
Johannes Honny in bonis
Thomas Sadler in bonis
Johannes Brockway in Annuitate
Bridgett Knapton vidua in Annuitate
Thomas Wyett in Annuitate
Willelmus Haskell in bonis
Roger Burden in annuitate
Robert Mullens in Annuitate
Summa
Summa duplicata
xii ijl. o. 0.
ij 0. vilj’. o.
Th Oh hs O:
} Om, 0;
j. 0. ij o.
ji oo. ijs. o.
j. 0. iij® o.
ju. 0. iij® oo.
ib) ey wi.
jb OTHE
j. 0. ij% oo.
4. 4 O. ex.
Sh is) Who Oise
iiiji 0, x vit
ij. 0. vilj®o.
ijl o. viij®. oo.
jo. ij 0.
ji, o. ys o.
j o. ij. o.
j. OO: ij, ©:
NO, sty SS a6
j. 0. iij% oo.
6. Os sb} =O:
pO (js ©
J... Os | 1lljs OF
ji. oO. ij o.
A Oe 00) LON
jp ©, subi, = ©.
3) 14 8h exe
7. 9. 4. > 2exs
ji o. xis 0.
ijt o, viij® o.
ijl. o. vilj’. 0
ij. o. viij. 0.
jie o. ij. oo.
ji 0. ij. 0.
ji oo. ij.
lj: o. viij*% oo.
ji oo. iijs o.
ji oo. ij® oo.
3. 4 0. ex.
6. 8 0. ex.
To which is prefixed a Copy of A Lay Subsidy. 599
MEERE MrEre Towne.
HUNDRED.
cert’ Richardus Greene generosus in Annuitate iiijlt o. xvj’. 0.
cert’ Augustine Goldisborough generosus in bonis iiij' 0. x*. viij?
Johannes Dodington generosus in bonis ijl 0, viij*. o
Basill Bower vidua in terris ij, 0. viij. o
cert’ Ricardus Chaffin Ar’ in terris Ij) 0: savilj "1 <6
Robertus Banister junior in terris ijt. 0. xij’. Oo
Aff. Jacobus Martin generosus in terris ij 0. viij® o.
oneratur Thomas Foster Senior in bonis iij- 0. x viij4
Francis Cradocke in bonis iiijli. x", vilj?
oneratur Robertus Banister Senior in bonis ilijli. o x8. viij?
Dr. Cha(ffin in terris ili. 0. viij®. .
Willelmus Baron gererosus in Annuitate j. 0. iiij% o.
cert’ Hellen Baron vidua in Annuitate j. 0. ij o.
Thomas Bower generosus in Annuitate ju 0. iij% oo.
Willelmus Bishopp generosus in terris qh Os wuhhs ©:
Thomas Alford de Knap in Annuitate ji, o. ij. o.
Henricus Clarke in Annuitate j. oO. lj% o.
Johannes Forward de Diltonsin Annuitate jl o. iiij% o.
Nicholas Kendall in Annuitate j. 0. llij® o.
Wollston Ellen in Annuitate jt o. nij*% o.
Willelmus Stevens in Annuitate wh Ch | aby),
Willelmus Clement in Annuitate ji 0. ij". o.
Edwardus Fisher in Annuitate j. 0. itij’. o.
William Howell in Annuitate ji oo. nij® oo.
William Hewett in Annuitate j. 0. iij®. oo.
Johannes Ball alzas Rogers in Annuitate ji: 0. ij. o.
Jesper Coweserd in Annuitate j. 0. ij® o,
Summa 8. 14. 8 ex.
Summa duplicata 17. 9. 4 ex.
m4. MEERE WooDLANDES TYTHINGE.
Willelmus Doddington generosus in terris ij 0, xvj% o.
cert’ Willelmus Rogers generosus in terris ijt o. xvj%. o.
Johannes Maton generosus in Annuitate ii: 0. vilj®. o.
Thomas Alford in Annuitate ijt} 0. viij® o.
Johannes Oram in Annuitate y- o. vilj® o.
Thomas Banister in bonis lij. 0. viij®%. o.
Christopher Twogood in bonis ° ilij. 0. x®, vilj®
Lionell Baron generosus in Annuitate ij 0, viij® o.
Robertus Cowserd in Annuitate ~ ji o. itij' o.
cert? Radulphus Ruddocke in Annuitate jp @, wht ©,
Jasper Banister in Annuitate j™ oO. ij. o.
Thomas Forward in Annuitate j. 0. iiij®. o.
Dorothea Forward vidua in Annuitate ji 0. iiij* oo.
Robertus Pitman in Annuitate ib Os TP, -o,
Summa 5. 96:8 ex!
Summa duplicata 10.13. 4 ex
600 Copy of a MS. %n the possession of Sir Walter Grove, Baronet,
SAYLES TyTHINGE.
oneratur Richard Chaffin Ar’ in terris xii. qjli. 0.
O.
M*, Barlowe vidua in bonis ‘dij. 0. viij. o.
Honor Crumpe vidua in bonis ij 0. viij®. o.
cert. Henricus Miles in Annuitate jenuOree 111)" VO)
Sampson Hebditch in Annuitate jo. ijt. o.
Ricardus Palmer in Annuitate jeeONerlil} 4 "0s
oneratur Jacobus Gablyn in Annuitate j. 0. iiij%. o.
g. cert’ Robertus Kanister in Annuitate jt o. ilijs. o.
Thomas Doggerell in Annuitate j. 0. iis o.
Summa 4. 0. 0.
Summa duplicata 8. 0. 0
Stourton TyTHINGE.
Nicholas Hewes in Annuitate jo. ij% o.
Willelmus Barnard in Annuitate iyi. o. viij® o.
Willelmus Evell in Annuitate ihe Oh ain oy
Ricardus Baylie in Annuitate fe Os 2hnti Go),
oneratur Robertur Barnes in bonis
<
0. xij’. iij%
Recusant. Roger Barter 0 0. Oo. vilj4
Anne Hunsdon 0 oO. oO. viij®.
Johannes Muttleberry 0. 0. oO. vilj?.
Mary Muttleberry O. O° © athe.
Charles Barnes 0; aos Os avaly
Gracia Barnes 0 0. oO. viij?.
Elizabeth Barnes 0. oO. 0, viij%
Hobertus Barnes 0 0. oO. viij*
Mary Barnes OR EOM Ole vance
Summa 1. 192 4 ex.
Summa duplicata 3. 18. 8 ex.
KNoYLE ODIRUE (sic) TYTHING.
Willelmus Willoughby Ar’ in bonis viiji. jl. xij. 0.
[Mary Willoughby vidua in bonis erased ijt “oO. = yi
Rabick Hartgill vidua in Annuitate ji to; i1ij", aioe
Edwardus King in Annuitate J. 2 ON ain
Michell Preston in Annuitate ji oo. iiij8,
Thomas New Senior in Annuitate j. 0. iiijs.
Henry Perman in Annuitate j. 0. iiijs.
Henry Whyte Junior in Annuitate je2 20) figs
Johannes Perry in Annuitate ju o. iij8.
Henricus Moone in Annuitate j. 0. ilijs
Summa 3.
Summa duplicata 6.
Cone
em)
To which is prefixed a Copy of A Lay Subsidy. 601
mAd. - KInGsToNE DEVERELL TYTHIN[G]E.
Cutbert Hurle in bonis iyi. 0.4 viljs. 0
Willelmus Gibbons Senior in bonis iyi. 0. viij’. .
Carolus Blake in annuitate jo. Tij®. oO.
Johannes Wattes in bonis ny. o, viij® 0.
Willelmus Gibbins Junior in bonis vii, fo. xij’. 111j*
Summa Bil, a
Summa duplicata 4, 2. 8
Lipertas Maypren BraD ty.
oneratur Henricus Ludlowe Miles in terris xi. ijl. 0. ©.
Edwardus Seymour Ar’ in terris xi ijl oo. 0.
Thomas Wattman generosus in bonis liij. 0,- x8- viij4,
Osmond Shoard in bonis lj. oO. viijs- 04,
Elizabeth Twogood & her son in bonis lij. 0. villjs-
Johannes Baylie in Annuitate j. 0. Ij
Allexander Reddich in Annuitate jp Op aft
Johannes Shard Senior in Annuitate j. 0. 111js-
Allexander Shoard in Annuitate j. ©. 1119S:
Willelmus Walter in Annuitate j. 0. Ij
Johannes Andrewe in Annuitate j. 0. ij.
_ Cutbert Taylor in Annuitate j. 0. liye
Willelmus Penny in Annuitate j. _O. *1itys:
Johannes Wansey in Annuitate ji. oo, 111s
Ricardus Davies in Annuitate j. oO. :i1ij8
Nicholas Moulton in Annuitate j. 0. i1ijs
Willelmus Reddich in bonis ijl. oo. viijs.
Edwardus Shoard in terris) iji- 0. xv.js
oneratur Andreas Meaden in bonis © UO! Seexe evade
Willelmus Perry in bonis lj. 0. _viijs
Summa 9.13. 4 ex,
Summa duplicata 19. 6. 8 ex.
HUNDRED DaMERHAM SoutH TyTHINGE.
DAMERHAM
SourH.
The Ho?!*. Denzell Hollis Ar’ in terris xii, {pli oe.
cert’ Thomas Hooper generosus in bonis vii, o, xij. iij4
Robertus Ashley in bonis vj 0. xvj% 0
Ricardus Yerly in bonis liji. 0, viij® 0
g. cert’ Johannes Gerrett in terris : ji 0. iiij* 0
Johannes Budden in terris ji 0. iiijs =o
Vidua King in terris j® of iiije
602
oneratur
cert’
oneratur
M.o.
Affid.
cert’
cert’
cert’
Vidua Yelfe in terris
George Harris in terris
Christofer Budden in terris
Edwardus Deere in terris
Robertus Holway in bonis
Willelmus Smyth in bonis
Henricus Chater in bonis
Johannes Budden in bonis
Nathaniell Hemer in bonis
Jacobus Hunt in terris
Margarett Poulton in terris
Richardus Shabden in terris
Robertus Randall in terris
Rabonett Hunt vidua in terris
Johannes Holloway in terris
Jerom’ Topp in bonis
Thomas Hunt in terris
Thomas Northover in terris
Willelmus Cosens in terris
Johannes Thomas in terris
Summa
Summa duplicata
Martyn TyTHINGE.
Baronett Cooper in terris
Avice Grove in bonis
Henricus Harris in Annuitate
William Harris in Annuitate
George Reede in Annuitate
Thomas Grove generosus in bonis
Elizabeth Parker in Annuitate
Francis Weekes in bonis
Editha Prince in Annuitate
Henricus Loxley in Annuitate
Anne Thame in Annuitate
Oliver Horsey in Annuitate
Josias Terry in Annuitate
William Weekes in Annuitate
Edwardus Sweetaple in Annuitate
Walter Folliatt in Annuitate
Johannes Kent in Annuitate
Willelmus Bowles in Annuitate
Ricardus Compton Junior in Annuitate
Thomas Holloway in Annuitate
Johannes Sweetaplle in bonis
Barnard Blanford in Annuitate
Thomas Clarke in Annuitate
=
ilij
Soe Se SC
. . . . ’ Ci
i,
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a
iijli
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j.
Seal SS999S999999999590500
OoScoo SO OP Soo O OO ooo oo SOO oS
iii’,
iiije.
iiij.
iiije.
viij*.
vilj*.
viij®.
viij’.
viij*.
liij’.
ilij*.
liij’.
iiij’.
liijs.
liij’.
Copy of a MS. in the possession of Sir Walter Grove, Baronet,
Xs. viij?.
iiijs.
iiije.
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=:
S999 9099909
=m=oso990&
esses
Libertas.
oneratur
m.5. d.
Johannes Penruddocke Ar. in terris xii, ijl. 0 860.
Thomas Baylie in bonis ij 0, viij® 0.
Jacobus Elliott in terris ih © wee ©
William Jey in bonis ij oo. vijs ©.
Robertus Ford in bonis ij! 0, x8 vilj’.
Anne Elliott vidua in Annuitate j. Oo. iLys 0.
Ricardus Corderoy generosus in Annuitate j. 0. iiij® oO.
Robertus Comedge in Annuitate j. 0. nis 0.
Francis Foordes in Annuitate Ose III) SO:
Robertus Nicholas generosus in Annuitate j. 0. ij ©.
Francis Millard in Annuitate qe On | ©:
Johannes Bushell generosus in Annuitate j. o. ys ©.
Nicholas Lawes generosus in bonis vii, 9, xiijs iiij*.
Ricardus Case in Annuitate OME CLULE- a 10s
Johannes Seymor generosus in Annuitate j. 0. ys oo
Summa 6. 0. 0 xan
Summa duplicata 12. 0 0 eX.
DEVERELL LoNGBRIDGE TYTHING.
St. James Thin Miles xxxvil. yijlt. @® @
Ann Thyn vidua in Annuitate yi. oO, viijs oo.
Thomas Thyn in Annuitate iyi 0, vis 0.
William Adlam in bonis ijt 0. viij& .
Michaell Beach in bonis ijt. 0. viljs _—o.
‘*Matheus White in bonis nijh. oo, x®. vilj®.
Willelmus Hobbs in bonis ijt. 0. viljs 0.
Richardus Starr in Annuitate j. Oo. iWjs 0.
Stephanus Chamberlin in Annuitate j. 0. iis: oo.
Margerie Matheu in Annuitate je Op IGE @,
William Long in Annuitate j. 0. ilj® oo.
Thomas Hobbs in Annuitate j. oO. js o
Samuell Reade in Annuitate j. oO. itij® o.
Willelmus Adlam Junior in bonis Hi] Oneal) SOR
Edwardus Oldest in Annuitate eS Oy | amg,
Johannes Choulsey in Annuitate j. 0. iijs, 0.
Stephanus Youngue in Annuitate j. oO. lijs o
To which is prefixed a Copy of A Lay Subsidy. 603
Roger Hunt in Annuitate Os) iy) 0)
Johannes Blanford in bonis’ ine Oe) WITS) Os
Summa 6.18 8 ex.
Summa duplecata 13.17. 4 ex. |
Compron CHAMBERLIN TYTHINGE.
Summa 11. 14. 8 ex.
Summa duplicata a, Oa ex.
604 Copy of a MS. in the possession of Sir Walter Grove, Baronet,
Mounton DEVERELL.
Recusant Jacobus Hill generosus in Annuitate iyi, 0, xvje 0.
cert? Willelmus Polton generosus in Annuitate j. 0. ys oo.
cert’ Jacobus Deny heres Whitland
f Y jij. oo, iis- oO.
generosus in Annuitate 0 Cee
Philippus Parrett é& Stephen Marshman| “1; S505
pacar - j J pea ates eo
Michael Batt in Annuitate i. o. viijs 0.
Joane Parrett vidua in Annuitate j. oO. ilijs oo.
Johannes Hooper in bonis ijt o. viijs oOo
oneratur Radulphus Ruddocke in bonis ijt. 0, viijs 0
Summa 3. 4. 0 ex.
Summa duplicata 6s (8h 0 ex.
LIBERTAS KNoYLE TYTHINGE
KNOYLE.
cert’ Johannes Mervyn generosus in bonis nij!i- o xs. viijo.
cert? Robertus Toope generosus in terris vi, gj 0. 0.
Precilla Mervyn vidua in bonis ij. 0 xs: yilj?.
Josephus Gould in terris ii. 0. vilj* 0.
Francis Hales generosus in terris j. Oo. iijs oo.
Affid. Thomas Bennett generosus in terris j. oO. Wij’ oo.
cert. Johannes King in terris j. oO. iij* oo.
Vidua King in terris Ih Os HUES ©,
Johannes Burbedge in terris j. Oo. ij oo.
Vidua Oborne in bonis ji =o. =viijs ~—o.
Thomas Rendoll in terris iji- 0. viijs: o.
Theophilus Lambert in terris j. oO. iij® .o.
Andrew Meriwether in Annuitate j. oO. iiijs 0.
Willelmus Stone in terris “jis Ogee liiySsy eto:
Robertus Browne in terris Jeo}, Manns: oy
oneratur Augustine Goldisborough generosus in terrisij- 0. viij® 0.
D*. Wrenn in terris j. 0 lijs 0,
cert? George Mervyn Armiger in terris j. o. ij* oo,
Johannes Stanter generosus in bonis ijl 0. viijs: ~—o.
George Smith in terris j. oOo... ilijs oo,
cert? Christofer Dirdo Armiger in terris ij. 0. viljs
Willelmus Brether in terris j. o m* o
Mattheus Mervyn in bonis ij. 0 x8. yiij,
Randulph Dominicke in bonis ji. 0. viijs io.
Walter Sanger in terris ji 0, iiijs- 0.
Johannes Hellier in terris j. 0. ilijs 0.
Summa 8. 8 0 ex.
Summa duplicata 16.16. 0 ex.
To which is prefixed a Copy of A Lay. Subsidy. 605
HInDoN Bureus.
Edwardus Perry in terris * igh. 0. xvyjs 0.
Allexander Dowle in bonis li. 0. viijs 0.
Edmond Bowles in Annuitate ji. 0. js 0.
Thomas Shergold Junior in Annuitate Ome LIe O.
; Summa," l.. 1220 © ex.
Summa duplicata 9, 4, @ ex,
FounrTELL Episcopi.
Robertus Cox Senior in bonis : vii. oO. xiijs i1ij%.
oneratur Johannes Fricker in bonis ijt) 0. (vil? (o.
Robertus Feltham in Annuitate TE G5 THER 6},
Summa Io, Ba ex,
Summa duplicata 2.10. 8 ex.
Summa totalis de tribus hundredis et
libertatibus predictis pro duobus
subsidiis
281. 0. 0
ex,
What follows professes to be an accurate copy of Sir Walter
Grove’s MS. :—
ml. MEERE HUNDRED.
STURTON.
—
eceogoo oOo OoOoOoO COO ON OF.
p 2
William Lord Sturton
Mr. Selfe
Mr. Selfe
Robert Banister
Widdow Adams
William Barnes
Nicholas Hewes
William Hefell
Richard Bayley
John Bredon
Robert Jupes
Mathew Combes
John Hfell
Walter Barnes
—
powwwwrnwenoodn HF
COC C OR MR OCC ORDO OF
—
606 Copy of a MS. in the possession of Sir Walter Grove, Baronet,
—
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n
SQOQOQqgoeoqoaqoegaqaae2 s
Widdow Backon
Frances. J upes
Robert Jupes
John Jupes
Sell
Alexander Greene
Robert Dewey
Shewter
William Harden
Robert Jackes
Robert Gapper
William Vyall
Robert Barnes
William Barnard
a)
Wore De eS kK poe kK pepo’
SCOR SADRROORMORDOFS
=
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Summa 16
West KnoI.e.
William Willoughby Esq’.
Rebecca Hartgill widdow
John Gibbins
_ James Hunton
John Kinge
John Perry
Edward Tutt Clarke
John Dowdinge
Humphry Wiatt
Henry White Junior
Henry Perman
John Stronge
William Gibbons
Richard Poope
Widdow Knight
Henry White Senior
Widdow Stronge
Nicholas Banister —
Edward Kinge
Henry Moone
Thomas New Senior
Widdow Ambrose
Widdow Preston
William Perry
Thomas Poope
John Antrim
Christopher Moone
John New
Christopher Dirdoe gentleman
a
on ©
—!
—
—
NHDOHWKHY WE RNANMWAT A ATP ©
Seescoeosc ooo sacocococo OOo OOOO OC ONoHr
—
SOOFOPOSOPARPDSOSCRORBAOCSCSOSCSOCSSCOROOCSCO
mm Or — = OND & OD
—
To which is prefixed a Copy of A Lay Subsidy. 607
li.
re
M"s Hutchens
Richard Meteyard
William Toogood
Joseph Younge
Thomas Wiatt
Thomas Sangar
Richard Willoughby
Stephen Ball
ocoocoooce
oR eae KE KE wpe
SC AmonooaoeS
Summa 19
=
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CHADENWICH.
John Coventry Esq’.
Cowardes Tenement
Ambrose Scott
Widdow Sanders
William Abery
Robert Hiscocke
Widdow Cerly
Robert Kinge
Thomas Fell
Gabriell Mitchell
Richard Sanger
Richard Chafinn gentleman
© ©CoCo0eooeoooo oe @
NOP rH eb dD ATs O
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SUMMA
—
@
MEERE ET WOODLAND.
Richard Greene gentleman
Austine Goldborough
Widdow Bower
Thomas Bower gentleman
Thomas Foster
Widdow Barley
William Hewett
Andrew Sandell
m.1.@. John Buttes
Alexander Folliett
Petterig Tenement
- Henry Clarke -
John Albin
Richard Fisher
William Baron
Robert Banister Senior
Robert Brayne
Christopher Phillips
William Stephens
—
ODOR FT
—
i
coooroocooooeooooororwht &
MmMwWoOOowWNnNOWH NYE
ocococoocoooaooonaoocoocosaood S&S
608 Copy of a MS. in the possession of Sir Walter Grove, Baronet,
@
Thomas Leweas
Widdow Laninge
Honor Crompe vidua
Edward Fesher
William Bishopp gentleman
William Clement
John Clement
John Welch
Richard Chafine Esq’.
Docter Chafine
Widdow Chafine
Thomas Alford de Knappe
Robert Goldishbrough gentleman
John Ball alzas Rogers
Nicholas Kendoll
William Forde
Frances Swanton gentleman
Henry Dowren
Henry Tilston
Christofer Baron
Richard Wilkins
William Goffe
Nathan Holles
Chrstopher Smart
George Brickell
Richard Maddox
Robert Banister Junior
Thomas Barter
Emanuell Stephens
Wolson Ellen Senior
Wolson Ellen Junior
Richard Shore
William Hauell
James Tann[er |
John Glover
Thomas Rutthie
Jesper Coward
George Hoopper
Robert Poyntinge
Henry Welch
Henry Bellinge
John Huett et Mathew
George Ball alias Rogers
Osmond Hill
James Westlie
William Harding junior
John Martin
—
—_ 7
WrRroomrnrhaoana tan
fo)
o) SSSCOSOSCSOSCSOO OOOO OOO OOOO OO OC OOO OC OO OOOO NAIC COO C OOO
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PNeENPNHAE HEHE NYO PNOHE NHRD ND NAEDONDHERNOH WREATH O Dw
T'o which is prefixed a Copy of A Lay Subsidy.
John Barfild
William Garland
William Towgood
Thomas Barrons
John Barratt Clarke
Edward Crewse
Thomas Alford de Iland
George Abbutt
Thomas Forward Smith
Henry Molten
William Alford Weaver
James Forde
Edward Kinge
Thomas Alford
Wilham Dodington gentleman
John Dodington gentleman
Thomas Banister
Jesper Banister
William Rogers gentleman
Dorithy Forward de Lystreet
John Crane
Thomas New
Mr. Matton
Ralph Ruddock
Robert Coward
William Barnard & Richard
William Stone gentleman
Robert Alford
Robert Pitman
William Captcatt
William Grist
Christofer Toogood
William Lewens alzas Coward
John Forward de Woodland
Thomas Forward de Nash
John Forward de eadem
Frances Holwaye
Robert Chislett
Randolp[h]e Saygrom
for Conw Tenement
Thomas Alford de Hinx
Thomas Cowley de Swaines
Julian Clement
Roger Forward
Robert Meade
John Bellinge
Joane Stryde
John Wattes
VOL. XXXVIII.—NO. CXXII.
Sceooeooeoeoraescooscaeo Soe S oes oo feo oOoOoOKF Op OROCoO GO Oo OOO OCC OOC.S
See = ji
DADO MANKHFH OAD BP OPH HY Ye H es eee eH pee
—
KF PRK eR WNOKR DO WH HH DADQH TIO nu
SFOEPRAPRBDOSOSASSPSCSORBSCOCSCSADDSCORSDSDSSCDSOCSCOCDDCSCDORGOC OCT OCCOCAaAMCCO
609
bo
(e7)
610 Copy of a MS. in the possession of Sir Walter Grove, Baronet,
John James 0 1 6
Thomas Bowen 0 1 0
Austine Pride 0 2 6
Widdow Shepherd 01 6
William Sanger 010
Henry Brethers 0 10
William Cartter 2 ©
Summa 56 2 0
SEALES.
Richard Chaffine Esq’ & M* Screene 0
M"s Barlow widdow 15
Frances Swanton gentleman 14
Richard Easton gentleman
Stephen Cawpen
Samson Hibdich
William Clarke
William Bunn
Widdow Gibbs
Samuell Wilcockes
Thomas Wattes
Widdow Best
William Cawpen
Cornelius Shepherd
Thomas Smith
William Lucas
Widdow Crompe
Henry Myles
Widdow Oliver
James Gamlyn
Richard Brickell
Thomas Kinge
Thomas Doggerell
John Wansie
Robert Banister Senior
Robert Banister Junior
Thomas Stafford
John Garner Senior
John Jupe
Nicholas Pawmer
Nicholas Pawmer
Widdow Perman
Richard Potter
Edward Screene
William Screene
Robert Guier
James Sadler
a
SOONNORANTE AWNORFR pH RH OH
Seoocoocoe0ofSToCoosoooCoCOeoe COC eooOoCoOOo oo OO CC oO Coe
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POPROSCOBPSCSOCSCSCOCOSOHBSCCCOTCOROROCRARMOMOGMCDCCCCOSO
ONNNBR ROW Oe EE
To which is prefiwed a Copy of A Lay Subsidy.
Willam Hendy
Thomas Doggerell
Richard Doggerell
Thomas Greene
Thomas Crompe
Widdow Williams
Randoll Guier Senior
John Clement
Randoll Guier Junior
John Baker
William Baker
Richard Easton gentleman
William Jupe
Frances Jupe
Wolstone Ellen
John Ball
Richard Chaffine Esq.
Docter Chaftine
Richard Chaffine Esq’.
John Worome
James Mertin
John Garner junior
William Light
John Streete
Cutberd Shephard
Edward Williams
George Guier
Kinston Deverell.
Edmund Ludlow Esq’.
Thomas Newland Clarke
Edmund Ludlow gentleman
Michaell Batt
William Gibbons Junior
Charles Blake
Edward Marrow
William Hellier
Edeth Wattes
Edward Buckler
Thomas Humphry
Stephen Andrews
Cutberd Gilberd
John Norris
John Hoopper
William Hurle
QSooooocecqcoormocqceqcoooeooeoocoesco
Summa 19
cocoa ooococorrntNnNno
RPrFOraoanrRaAIAMOMANWAWNFH NNR WD oO oO WL
16
HH eee DOBRDANDREODOYA
(=) OBmWmooanmroooceoecnmco0ocnaqaocrceccoocco
SCHODRDODOROCOPSARMOTOESCDTOSO
611
a SY
612 Copy of a MS. in the possession of Sir Walter Grove, Baronet,
Cutberd Hurle 014 0
William Gibbons Senior 0 5
SumMa 9 18
m.2d. Marpen Bradly Libertas
Henry Ludlow Knight
Edward Seamoure Esqr:
Thomas Whatman gentleman
Edward Sherd gentleman
William Raddich gentleman
Andrew Meaden gentleman
John Chilton
Robert Barons
Richard Perry
Alexander Reddech
Osmond Shoard
Nicholas Moulton Senior
William Walter
Nicholas Moulton Junior
Michaell Batt
John Shoard Senior
John Baylie Senior
Robert Gibbons
John Straton
Elizabeth Shoard vidua
Margarett Turner vidua
William Penny
Edward Richards
John Wansy
Christopher Hill
John Toogood
Mary Leaversage vidua
Richard Draper
John Draper
Phillipp Toogood
Margarett Baylie vidua
Andrew Baylie
Edmund Annerley
Henry Parsons
Nicholas Shoard
Gartred Leversage
Margarett Curtisse vidua
Agnis Curtisse vidua
Edward Toogood
John Andrews
John Toogood Senior
John Neave
owonmonw xn
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cococoocoocoaoocecooOrFaccecoocooocoaooee& Coco oroocooraAnwnh ®
To which is prefixed a Copy of A Lay Subsidy. 613
John Lodge
Morgan Haymes
Jeffery Fewe
Andrew Leaversage
Cutberd Gilberd
Widdow Wattes
Edward Rowe
Nicholas Davis
Alexander Shoard.
John Leaversage
William Shoard
John Butt
William Gilbert Senior
William Gilbert Junior
Walter Gulliford
Josias Stone
John Shoard, Junior
Thomas .Shoard
Edward Kerly
Cutberd Tayler
John Bailie Junior
George Moulton
George Michover
Anthonie Allin
coooooocoeoocoecooocecoeoocoosto
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Summa 33
M3. HUNDREDUM DE DAMERHAM SOUTH.
Damerham
Inprimis the hono"!* Denzell Holles
Edward Hoopper Esq’.
Ashlyes Coopers 2 Farmes
Henry Carter
Jeromy Topp
John & Christopher Budden
Thomas Hunt
Rabinett Hunt Vidua
Robert Hollowaie
Robert Randoll
Richard Shabden
Richard Yerley gentleman
Margaret Poulton
Thomas Lawes
John Hunt
Andrew Hunt
>
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CooOoOrOooFrFoorNHE WOME
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614 Copy of a MS. in the possession of Sir Walter Grove, Baronet,
John Trippocke 6
Thomas Northover 9
William Chater 4
John Stockes 1
William Smith, gentleman 14
M’ Heighmoore
Alexander Sanders
Edward Colles
Edward Deere Clarke
Maurice Walton
George Harris
John Thomas
John Budden
Robert Holloway
Edward Ford
Richard Amoore
Elizabeth Yealfe
Christopher Budden
Richard Thresher
Thomas Hunt
Elizabeth Yealfe
Dorothy Kinge
Thomas Hunt
Elizabeth Cooke
Richard Kinge
Ms. Katherine Wamsley
Thomas Hunt
Thomas Bishopp
John Goddard
William Cossens
Christopher Budden
Christopher Budden
John Budden
Edward East
William Cossens
John Pieper
William Tulse
M"*. Ursala Harris
James Hunt
George Greene
Widdow Joanes
Gabriell Lapp
Thomas Hunt and Edward Reade
Thomas Northover
Mr. William Buckner
ocoocoooo-coocoodceo
Lal
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SH OSOMH A DPATHDNOH ATMO AWOEARE RH OMDNMH WHDOMDHMORAAT
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li. s. d.
Summa 40 1 1
mod.
To which is prefixed a Copy of A Lay Subsidy.
MARTIN
S' Anthony Ashly Cooper
St William Uvedall
M' Buckner vicar
The Lady Ashly
Bartholomew Harris
Avis Grove
Joane Harris
Widdow Newman
Edward Browne
Thomas Clarke
John Sweetaple
George Reade Junior
George Weekes
Edmund Starke
George Reade Senior
Richard Compton Senior
Josias ‘l'erry
Widdow Harris
Jeffery Lanham
Widdow Garrett
John Short
Thomas Grove
Richard Compton Junior
Bartholomew Comton
Henry Fulford
William Harres
Widdow Parker
Frances Weekes
Edeth Prince
William Reade
Sibell Thorne
Anthony Hollowaie
Walter Lanham
John Blandford
Henry Lopley
Walter Harris
Amy Thame
M". Horssey
Nicholas Curtise
Joane Goffe
Agnis White
William Weekes
Edmund Sweetaple
Walter Folliett
Barnard Prince
John Kent
William Bowles
a
NP ODO
pa
—_—
OCTROTOTNNMO FP HE QHROMDOKREPWAADOMANMNAWODWMYPDOOR ARAN WaAWWHR
MSOCTSCSSOSCOSDOOHOOSCOSH OOo OONSCC Oo CO OoD OOO COCO CCC ONMNH AWG
Se
DOD OSHDDSOHADAOHRWODDDAOROADRSOARBRBOCCOARDAOAMARMOAMSCSCORGCOWSCO
615
616 Copy of a MS. in the possession of Sir Walter Grove, Baronet,
William Glover
Gabriel Lapp Esq’.
Henry Harris
John Harris Junior
Barnard Blandford
Roger Hunt
Thomas Hollowaie
John Thayne
Richard Compton
Bartholomew Storke
John Harris
George Reade, Junior
Peter Storke
William Compton
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Summa 35
Comerton Chamberline.
John Penruddok Esq‘
Thomas Smith gentleman
Christopher Ford vicar
Thomas Mylward gentleman
Nicholas Lawes gentleman
Frances Ford
James Ellyott
Frances Mylward
M: Commage Clerke
Robert Ford
Edeth Ford widdow
Robert Commage
Robert Elton
Richard Berry
Ann Elliott widow
John Semore
Thomas Baylie
William Joy
Richard Ford
Richard Case
Robert Nicholas
M Gifford
Widdow Danyell
Widdow Mertyn
Christopher Smith
John Winterbourne
Walter Ellyott
Richard Oake
Widdow Wattes
—
Kee eee eE RTO NWWOMAANNUAUUAGHAAOHMUINAWOS
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To which is prefixed a Copy of A Lay Subsidy.
Widdow Oake
John Sturges
Richard Corderoy
John Elken
John Webbe
William Ambrose
Ann Dugmoore
James Barter
DEVERELL Longbridge
S' James Thynne Knight
Edmund Ludlow Esq'
Thomas Paine Vicar
Thomas Oldis
Thomas Thynne gentleman
William Beach
Stephen Younge
John Cholsey
Thomas Hobbs
Nicholas Lawrence
William Adlam
John Gislingham
John Barrat
William Longe
Robert Hinton
Richard Starr
Edward Baylie
Stephen Chamberlyn
John Ewstice
Widdow Mathew
Henry George
Edward Croome
Leonard Bedborow
Samuell Reade
Richard Michener
Widow Colsie
John Hobbs
John Davis
Henry Baker
Widdow Easton
Widdow Toplifte
Edward Oldis
Michaell Beach
William Hobbs
Mathew White
SuMMA
BDOSGOSSOSOSFSSSOOSF SOOO OSOSODA COS SO SPSS SOOO OOO
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617
618 Copy of a MS. in the possession of Sir Waiter Grove, Baronet,
Rec’
William Butler
William Oldis
William Marvyn
SUMMA
Mounton Deverell
S: James Thynn knight
Frances Swanton Esq'
Ephrahim Westly gentleman
William Poulton gentleman
William Mullens
Ralfe Ruddocke
John Hooper
Joane Parrott vidua
Michaell Batt
James Hill gentleman
SUMMA
[ Blank. ]
DUNWORTH HUNDRED
TYSBURIE.
Frances Lord Cottington
Thomas Rose gentleman
William Graye
Edward Fricker
Mathew Combe
John Carde
John Foyle gentleman
Thomas Rose gentleman
William Bisse and William Canteloe
Agnis Sanger
Jane Gray Spins[t]er
John Combe
John Abbott
John Scammell
Edward Carde
William Crumme
John Carde
John Targett
Henrie Fezard
Nicholas Boyter
Edward Cotton
coo
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To which is prefixed a Copy of A Lay Subsidy. 619
Thomas New
Lawrence Bysse
William Hullett and William Furnell
John Waterman
John Feltham
Anthony Combe vicar
Richard Bowles
Austin King
Roger Lewen
Walter Canteloe
William Lancaster
William Rogers
William Baker
William Canteloe
Matthew Gartery
Lawrence Bracher
John Leuer
Richard Alford
Edward Carde Junior
Nicholas Carde
Humfry Carde
Anthony Combe vicar
—!
—
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Somma 13
STAPLE.
William Canteloe & Henrie Fezard
William Arrundle Esq"
John Targett
Edward Cheverell
Sibbell Targett
John Turner Senior
John Scammell
Thomas Combe
William Browne
Annis Gray vidua
Jobn Turner Junior
George New
Michaell Whettle
Annis Bracher vidua
Laurence Bysse & Edward Combe
John Targett
Widdow Davis
Tomson Bracher vidua
Widdow Fezard
William Pilcherd
Edward Fricker & Nicholas Tyse
Scoooconn
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620 Copy of a MS. in the possession of Sir Walter Grove, Baronet,
John Fricker
Nicholas Tyse
Frances Lord Cottington
John Dowding
Robert Dowding
Richerd Fricker
William Rose
Christopher Smyth
John Hustis
Edith Target vidua
Thomas Turner
Thomas Palmore
John Matthews
—
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(=) SCOOOCOfPCOKFH KH NDL
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Summa 20
Hatcu.
Anne Hyde vidua
Thomas Bennett Esqt & M' Clutterbooke
Robert Nicholas
William & Henrie Sanger
Henrie Hustis
Edward Scammell
Roger & Thomas Scammell
Roger Scammell
Henrie Bowles
Richard Knight
Thomas Bennett Esq’
Thomas Bennett Esq'
Richard West
William Chaldecott gentleman
Thomas Bennett gentleman
William Bennett gentleman
Thomas Cox gentleman
Thomas: Seavier
Widdow Atkins
Robert Cox
m.dd. Roger Lewen
Thomas Ponten
William Young gentleman
Frances Lord Cottington
Mris. Mallett
Robert Walker gentleman
William Gray
Frances Lord Cottington
John Scammell
Walter Sanger
ny
Cone...
=
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— =
To which is prefixed a Copy of A Lay Subsidy.
Widdow Oborne
William Fricker
Thomas Prinn Esqrt
Mr. Clutterbooke
John Rose
Thomas Jey
Christopher Gray
Edward Fricker
William Gray
Robert Oborne
Thomas Rose
Walter Michell
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Nicholas Scammell
Nicholas Scammell
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Edward Oborne
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Richard Humfry
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Matthew Sanger
George Wells
Thomas Candy
CHICKSGROVE.
Thomas Rose gentleman
Giles Momperson Knight
Francis Perkins Esq
Matthew Davis Esqr
Mris E]ner Mumperson
Edward South Esq*
William Combe gentleman
Walter Bysse Clearke
Anthony Targett
Agnis Davis vidua
Andrew Sumpson
Tomson Bracher vidua
Thomas Mercer
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Laurence Peacocke 01 13
Richard Haylocke 0 9 383
George Snelgrove 01 2
Thomas Feltham 01 2
William Sedman 0 4 0
William Tayler Senior 0 3 0
Edward Davis 0 4 6
Henrie Lawes Or
Trustram Davis 0 38 6
William Tayler, Junior 0 1 4
Thomas Purdy 0 4 0
Summa 1115 8
RUDGE.
The right hono?* the Karle of Pembroke 0 5 O .
Robert Walker clerk 119 O
William Helmes gentleman 140
John Fezard 011 0
Widdow Fezard 060
Elias Lane 0 6 0
Edith Poope 09 0
John Furnell 0 3 °0
Morrice Tylly 03 0
William Helmes 016 6
Henrie Fricker 011 0
John Moore Senior 011 6
John Moore Junior 014 0
John Bracher 0 3 4
Henrie Bracher 010
John Haylocke 010
Summa 8 4 4
BAYRWICKE St. Leonard.
George How gentleman 510 0
Henrie Cantlow 100
Thomas Alsburie Clearke 100
Richard West D8 0%
John Sturges 0 5 0
Ruben Ford 010
William Grace 0 1 0
Thomas Shergall 010
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m.6.
T'0 which is prefixed a Copy of A Lay Subsidy.
CHICKLADE.
Luke Sympson Clearke
Luke Sympson Clearke
John Prinn gentleman
Edward Hyde gentleman
Nicholas Marvyn
Thomas Payne gentleman
Alexander Doule
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John Hibberd
Thomas Bright
Widdow Dier
Michaell Humfrie
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Edward Bowles
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Edward Perrie
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SWALLOWCLIFFE.
Edward South Esqre
William Dew
Frances Jey
William Penny
Joseph Burton
Edmund Goulstone
Thobfie] Cooke
Richard Livelong
Elias Best
Christopher Pearce
John Froude
Thomas Witt
William Baberstocke
SEDGHULL.
Thomas Ashburie Clearke
Thomas Grove Esqr
Thomas Bennett Esqt
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624 Copy of a MS. in the possession of Sir Walter Grove, Baronet,
Hugh Grove gentleman
Nicholas Goddard
Edward Coward
Thomas King de Hayes
John Froude
Thomas King de Stocklane
John King de Sweetwell ‘
Thomas King de Whitemarch
Ralph Dominicke
Thomas Cooper
Robert Tyse
John Weere
Thomas King de Sharphayes
Joan King vidua
John Gibbe
John Card
Dorothy Lucas
Richard King
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Widdow Short
Widdow Jefterie
William Butt
William Mayo
William Forde
John Best
Widdow Burton
Robert Hyscocke
Joseph Michaell
Edward Jerrard
John Archard
Hanniball Barnes
Thomas Mercer
Thomas Ricates
John Best Junior
William Moores
Robert Greene
William Rabbetts
Edward Davis
Edward Verrett
Joseph Burton
Thomas Brett
Stephen Short
Robert Best
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m.6d. CHILMARKE.
—
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—
Robert Walker Clerke
William Jesse gentleman
Elizabeth Coward vidua
Richard Fytzs
Ralph Daniel
Ann Moore vidua
Christopher Helme
Jilian Moore vidua
John Furnell Junior
John Furnell Senior
Thomas Masie
Marie Furnell vidua
George Gudfellow
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Edith Lane vidua
William Moris Junior
Peter Rawlens
Joane Moris vidua
Edward Cleare
John Moore
Christopher Smyth
John Davis
William Heling
Richard Mipred
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1 John Phipp Clarke
William Hayter
Austine Hayter
John Pittman
James Hayter
Thomas Combs
William Marshman
William Easton
Henry Andrews
Thomas Poore
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626 Copy of a MS. in the possession of Sir Walter Grove, Baronet,
Fountet Gifford
The Lord Cottington
Mr Mervin Rector
Mr Canteloe
Mr Coxe
William Jerrard
Widdow Knight
Widdow Hellyer
Edward Dowding
Richard Macie
Anthony Somner
Thomas Pontinge
Thomas Andrews
John Webb
- William Browninge
Robert Bowles
Richard Garterell
Matthew Garterell
Edward Perry
Alexander Dowle
John Clement
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m.7 LIBERTAS DE DUNEHEAD.
HAyYston li. s.
George Poope Rector
Richard Snooke gentleman
Robert Moore gentleman}
James Whitney Rector
Widdow Mayo
John Lush
Thomas Bunter
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William Lush
John Weekes
Richard Spiring
Robert Mullens
‘Thomas King
William Doone
Edmund Bugden
Laurence Burden
Mtis Marie Poope
Widdow Jervis
John Stayner
Stephen Goddard
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Richard Gourd
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William Hunt
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Thomas Oborne
Michaell Clement
Samuell Short
Thomas Jervis
. James Mouncke
—
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Summa 1315 0
WINSFORD
li. s. d.
The Lord Arrundell 39 7
James Whetney Rector 116 8
Mris Whetney 0 7 4
Thomas Grove Esq" 217 6
Hugh Grove gentleman 0 1ii
Mris Buttler 0 911
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Mris Morley 05 7
John Compton 014 8
Alice Stride 014 8
2 72
628 Copy of a MS. in the possession of Sir Walter Grove, Baronet,
William Kerley
Roger Strong
John Collyns
Ann Bower
Nicholas Keate
John Coper
William Neadle
’ John Fricker
Thomas Burt
Jane Rose
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CHARLETON li. s.
Thomas Fry gentleman
George Poope Rector
Mts Poope
Henrie Foote
Brintons Mill
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William Horder
Phenias Willis
Etheldred King
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William Freeman
Thomas Wyatt .
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Edward Rabbetts
Roger Burden
m.vd. Walter Goddard
John Lush
Widdow Sturges
Ewens Land
William Hascoll
Robert Hayme
Leonard Jervice
William Meggs
William Wilkens
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To which is prefixed a Copy of A Lay Subsidy.
Edmund Parram
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DoGNELL
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Renaldo Weekes gentleman
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Valintine Abbott
William Markes
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John Weekes Senior
Stephen Goddard
Richard Miller
Walter Goddard
Richard Arnold
Robert Bunter
Richard Weekes
Stephen Knight
Christopher Randoll
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Rec’ {
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Summa 13
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629
630 Copy of a MS in the possession of Sir Walter Grove, Baronet,
Jerrome Borden 01 0
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Thomas Gould 07 8
Edward Perham 0 210
Richard Gould 01 0
Summa 1315 0
631.
NOTES.
Drawings of Wiltshire Fonts. During 1913 the Society
received an offer from Mr. Harvey Pridham of a complete collection of
two hundred and thirty pen-and-ink drawings of the whole of the
Ancient Fonts of the County of Wilts, all drawn by himself from the
fonts themselves, together with a volume of MS. Notes on the Fonts,
for the sum of £30. It seemed to the committee a pity not to secure
this collection of drawings for the Society’s Library, and as the Museum
Maintenance Fund was already pledged for other purposes, the Hon.
Secretary undertook to appeal personally to members of the Society to
contribute to a special fund for their purchase, with the result that the
following members very kindly responded to his appeal. The total of
£31 17s. has provided also for the purchase of four scrap books in
which Mr. Harvey Pridham very kindly undertook to mount the
drawings. These are partly shaded and partly in outline only. The
volumes containing the drawings, together with the volume of MS.
Notes, have been placed in the Library.
List of special contributions to the fund for the purchase of ine
Drawings of Wiltshire Fonts, 1913 :—
£ s. d. £ os. d.
W. Heward Bell 3 0 O H. Kinneir 10 0
Hugh Morrison 3 0 0 Rev. S. Lambert 10 0
A. W.N. Burder 2 0 O Canon R.G. Livingstone 10 0
Rey. G. R. Hadow 1 1 O Canon the Hon. Sidney
Rev. R. W. Hay 110 Meade 10 0
Rev. J. H.Hill,D.D.1 1 0 StR.one 10 0
C. 8. Awdry 10 0 W. Warry Stone 10 0
Canon Bourne 100 A. Tucker 10 0
Rev. E. H.Goddard1 0 0 G. A. H. White 10 0
A. Grant-Meek 100 Col. K. 8. Dunsterville 5 0
Canon Myers 100 R. S. Gundry 5 0
C. Penruddocke 10 0 Rev. O. M. Holden 5 0
J. H. Saddler 100 J. Lucas 5 0
P. K. Stothert 100 Rev. F. H, Manley 5 0
J. Walmesley 100 E. H. Stone 5 0
J.D. Crosfield 10 6 Rev. C. N. Wyld 5 0
Mrs. Cunnington 10 6 P. Benton 2 6
Rev.J.F.D.Stephens 10 6 Rev. A. T. Richardson 2 6
Miss Bosanquet 10 0 H. Richardson 2 6
Miss M. M. Bradford 10 0 ee et
A. M. Dunne 10 0 £31 17 0
Rey. D. P. Harrison 10 0 es
632 ) Notes.
Hut Circles (?) at Old Shepherd’s Shore. On the sloping
hillside close to Old Shepherd’s Shore there are a series of low ring
mounds that, allowing for the difference of material, bear a striking
resemblance to the hut circles of Wales and Cornwall.
The mounds are in Bishop’s Cannings parish (Ordnance 6in. Map,
Sheet xxxiv. N.E.), on the northern or outer side of the Wansdyke,
between the points where the dyke is intersected by the old Bath to
London road, and the elbow where it turns sharply in its ascent towards
Morgan’s Hill. Some of the mounds are within a few yards of the old
road, and two are so close to Wansdyke as actually to encroach on the
slight counterscarp.
There are twenty-two of these mounds scattered about without any
apparent order, all within a few yards of each other, with the exception
of one mound that stands alone about 60 yards to the north of the rest.
They are from 17ft. to 20ft. in diameter, and about 1ft. in height, and
all have gaps or openings more or less distinct facing towards the north-
east. Before excavation some were fairly well defined rings, like very
small ring-barrows, but others apparently less well preserved appeared
only as low flat mounds more or less depressed in the centre.
These mounds were all examined in 1909 by sections cut across them
from side to side, or by sections embracing the central part of them,
carried in every case down to the undisturbed chalk. They seemed to
have been formed by simply piling up rings of turf, and no ditch or
indeed any excavation reaching to the chalk had anywhere been made,
but there appeared to have been a shallow encircling trench cut in the
turf only, from which no doubt the material was taken to build the
ring.
Unfortunately nothing was found that can be said to give any
satisfactory clue as to the date of these hut circles—for hut circles of
some kind they certainly seem to be.
The only finds were three stems of tobacco pipes, an iron nail, a piece
of iron knife blade, a fragment of bronze, and three small pieces of
pottery. The pottery may be Romano-British, and one piece has ash
mixed in its paste, a peculiarity that General Pitt-Rivers noticed in
some of the pottery found in his excavations in the Wansdyke. The
finds were, however, too superficial and too insignificant to afford any
evidence of date, one way or the other.
Outside some of the circles there are small mounds a few inches
high and from 3ft. to 4ft. in diameter ; it was hoped that these might
prove to be rubbish heaps, and several of them were cut through, but
nothing was found in them ; two of these small mounds had, however,
been the site of fires, and a quantity of burnt wood fibre was found
under the turf, the earth being scorched and reddened.
On account of the mounds being so close to the Wansdyke it has
been suggested that they were perhaps the site of huts occupied by the
builders of the dyke. Some of the mounds, however, are so close to
the edge of the ditch that they would certainly have been in the way
when the work was going on, and it does not seem very likely that the
Ee
Notes. 633
workers would have chosen to live on the outer side of their defences.
It has also been suggested that the circles mark the camping ground
of a detachment of soldiers quartered there during the Civil War, when
this road to Devizes must have been of considerable importance.
The position commands a good view of the road from Beckhampton,
and Roundway Down, where the battle was fought, is scarcely a mile
away, so that there is nothing improbable in soldiers heing stationed
here while fighting was going on round Devizes, but as to whether they
are likely to have left evidence of it in the shape of these hut circles is
perhaps more doubtful.
Formerly an inn stood on the road side at Old Shepherd’s Shore, and
its site may still be seen sheltered under the rampart of Wansdyke
where the road passes through the dyke.
The Rev. A. C. Smith does not mention these mounds, and they are
not marked on his map, or on the Ordnance Maps.
[Mrs.] M. E. Cunnineron.
Gospel Oak. In St. Sampson’s parish, but some miles from the town
of Cricklade, is a Farm called “ Gospel Oak,” in what was formerly a
part of the Forest of Bradon. Here until 1865 stood the ancient oak
which gave its name to the place. In that year the oak was cut down,
and a portion of the stump was taken to Cricklade and placed on the
Vicarage lawn, the late Mr. Dyson being then vicar. In due time this
stump became overgrown by ivy, and its identity was apparently for-
gotten until January, 1913, when the present vicar, the Rev. C. W.
Jacob, learned that it was actually the remains of the “Gospel Oak,”
which had meanwhile become widely known through the Bishop of
Bristol’s contention in his pamphlet, Some Results of the Battles of
Deorham and Wanborough, and elsewhere, that it really marked the
meeting place of Augustine with the British Bishops in the year 603
the site of which had generally been placed by former writers at Aust,
near the Old Passage on the Severn. The weight of Bishop Browne’s
authority is so great that his theory has come to be accepted as a fact by
subsequent writers, and is likely to be so stated in future. It seems
worth while, therefore, to place on record the very few facts with regard
to the tree itself which the present Vicar of St. Sampson’s has been
able to glean and has been kind enough to communicate to myself.
In a letter of January 28th, 1913, he states that :—
(1) George Hicks, labourer, of Cricklade, remembers helping Job
Barnes to bring the tree to Cricklade. It was cut down and
brought in a timber eart. It was hollow inside.
(2) Mr. William Cole, ironmonger, Cricklade, remembers that it lay
for a time on his father-in-law’s wharf, and some of it was
sawn into timber. He has some of the timber. He says that
in his young days it was said that “the first Christians in
England met under the oak.”
(8) Richard Toms, labourer, remembers that the stump was placed
in the Vicarage garden, where it stood until the beginning of
1913, about the year 1865.
634
Notes.
As Mr. Jacob consulted me as to the preservation of what remained
of the tree on the Vicarage lawn, I ventured to suggest that, as there
was abundance of room in St. Sampson’s Church, it might well be placed
there under cover, and this I believe has since been done. At present
there seems to be no evidence at all as to the earliest mention of the
name “Gospel Oak,” and it is very desirable that this point should be
cleared up. It can hardly be contended that the existing tree standing
until 1865 was the actual one which, even in 603 must have been a
notable tree if, as the theory demands, it was then chosen as a meeting
place. Ifitisasuccessor to the original tree, and thename and tradition
have really come down from those early times, it must certainly be
mentioned in records somewhere or other If, on the other hand,
the name “Gospel Oak” has arisen, as has been suggested, ata far
later date, at the time of the Reformation, or even later stil], from the
fact that it was a meeting place of Lollards or later Protestant J)issenters,
who could not safely meet elsewhere, that might very well account for
the tradition now attached to it that it was ‘the meeting place of the
first Christians in England.” The existence of the name in Pre-
Reformation days has not yet been proved. Ep. H. GoppDARD.
Buckler’s Drawings of Wiltshire Antiquities. In the
Catalogue of Books, &c., “including selections from the Library of the
late Rev. J. H. Ellis and others,” to be sold by Messrs. Sotheby,
Wilkinson, & Hodge, on July 16th, 1913, occur two or three lots of
great interest to Wiltshire, which had been bought by Mr. Ellis, who
was formerly Rector of Stourton, at the Stourhead sale.
Lot 240 is thus described :—
Buckier (JOHN) EccLesiasTicaAL ANTIQUITIES OF WILTSHIRE,
ANTIQUITIES OF SALISBURY AND ANCIENT BUILDINGS IN WILTs,
10 vol., containing a magnificent Collection of 690 Drawings in
Water-Colours of Churches, Fonts, Ancient Mansions, Monu-
ments etc., neatly mounted on cartridge paper, russia extra, full
gilt backs, inside borders gilt, leather joints, each vol. lettered on
sides also, with arms of Sir KR. C. Hoare wn gold, g.e. by C’. Lewis.
atlas folio. 1808—10
** This collection of water-colour drawings was made, regardless of
expense, for Sir Richard Colt Hoare, by the celebrated artist,
John Buckler, who in his autograph dedication thanks Sir Richard
for his munificent patronage.
This valuable series of drawings was bought from the Stourhead
Library by Mr. Ellis for £540. It was bought at the recent sale by
Mr. Francis Edwards, bookseller, 83, High Street, Marylebone,
London, W., for £172, and he catalogues lit at the price of £400,
having refused an offer of £180 from a member of our Society.
Lots 242 and 243 also came from the same source :—
242 Nicwoxson (F.) RuraL ScENERY IN STOURHEAD, Co. WILTs:
a Collection of Thirty-one Original Drawings in Water-Colours
(size about 22in. by 16in.) by this celebrated artist, neatly mounted _
on cards in a volume, russia gilt, g. e.
i=l i il a acai a ae
Notes. 635,
243 NicHoLson (F.) RURAL ScENERY IN [Taty, thirteen fine Draw-
ings in Water-Colours (from sketches by Sir R. C. Hoare), about
2lin. by 16en. neatly mounted on cards in a volume, russia gilt,
g. e. jounts cracked.
Roman Rubbish Heap at Basset Down. In August,
1913, my attention was called by Mrs. Story Maskelyne to the fact that
a labourer in digging a hole for a gatepost just at the top of the hill
above the cutting of the farm road at the back of the grounds of Basset
Down House, had come upon a number of fragments of pottery which
he had brought down to the house. I went over to Basset Down -
within a few days, and found that Mrs. Maskelyne had had a square
hole dug beside the post out of which a number more fragments had
come. She very kindly took her gardener up with us to the spot, and
he dug down to the solid chalk, finding more sherds, which appeared
to be most abundant in a layer of darker earth about 2ft. underground,
but as the spot was in the mound of a hedgerow on a slope it is difficult
to say exactly what the original level of the ground was, nor could we
discover any sign of its having been either a pit or a ditch. Mrs.
Maskelyne, however, very kindly proposed further digging on the spot.
in the winter to try and settle this point. The objects found showed
quite clearly that it was the rubbish heap of a Roman dwelling which
must have stood near here. The majority of the fragments were of a
hard well-made grey ware of various thicknesses and shapes, but there
were also fragments of brown and good hard red ware, black ware with
“trellis” marking, three fragments of good plain Samian, a piece of an
apparently circular tile or flat brick lin. thick, and several fragments
of rough burnt clay showing a straight edge, and having the whole
surface pitted with what looks like the chaff or husks of corn? It is
difficult to say what these pieces are. Part of the upper stone of a
quern and broken animals’ bones were also found. The more important
fragments have been kindly given to the Museum by Mrs. Maskelyne.
Ep. H. GoppaRrp.
Skeleton found at Preston, in Lyneham. In 1912 Mr.
H. Hathway, tenant of West Preston Farm, found a considerable
portion of a human skull, at the mouth of a foxes’ and badgers’ earth
in a field called “ Witchhill,” which with the adjoining field nearer the
farm has been entirely quarried. Stone is being quarried in the next
field, and from the extent of very irregular ground, mounds and hollows
here the quarrying operations must have carried on probably for
many centuries. The hedge dividing the two fields runs over a more
or less conical mound of considerable height, which has much the
appearance of a barrow, and it was on the side of this mound facing
the brook which runs at the bottom of the field that the skull was
found. ‘The top of the mound had of late years sunk into a hollow.
Mr. Hathway very kindly called my attention to the matter, presented
the skull to the Museum, and asked me to examine the mound with a
636 Notes.
view to discovering whether it was a barrow or not. Accordingly on
October 2nd, 1913, I spent the day with him at Preston, and with a
couple of labourers we dug a trench into the top of the mound where
the ground had sunk. After digging some 4ft. down through what
appeared to be quarry refuse we came to a horizontal layer of dark
earth which extended all over the top and seemed never to have been
moved. This appeared to be the original level of the ground on which
debris had been piled up. We therefore concluded that the mound
had been formed in the course of quarying and was not for the most
part artificial. It seemed of no use to dig further down from the top,
and the workmen were set on to dig out the fox earth at the spot on
the side where the skull had been found. We soon came on odd pieces
of human bones evidently dug out by animals which had inhabited the
earth, and then on the leg bones in situ. We followed these carefully
into the mound and found practically the whole skeleton of a man
except the head, lying at full length on his back, his hands at his sides
or by his hips. The head, as has been said, had been previously dug
out by the badgers or foxes. Nothing whatever was found with the
skeleton which could throw any light on the date of the interment,
which may have been Roman, Saxon, or medieval—the bones were
brittle and decayed—but cannot have been, from the position of the
body, earlier than Roman. Ep. H. Gopparp.
Bronze Objects found in Wilts not previously re-
corded.
Awl, found just above a burnt interment in centre of a dise barrow in
Shalbourne close to the boundary of the parish, on edge of Great
Botley Copse, opened 1910, by H. T. E. Peake and O. G.S. Crawford.
A single rivet was found amongst the debris in the same barrow near
the interment. Both these objects are in Newbury Museum,
Socketed looped spearhead with narrow blade, found on Berwick S t.
John Down, 1905.
Socketed looped spearhead, found in Tinkley Coppice, Rushmore,
Berwick St. John, 1900. Both the spearheads are in Brighton
Museum. I am indebted to Messrs. O. G. S. Crawford, F.S.A., and
H. I. E. Peake for information concerning these objects.
Small socketed bronze spearhead without loops, found by gravel
diggers at Knowle Farm Pit, just under the surface, has been
secured (Oct. 1913) by Mr. B. H. Cunnington for the Devizes Museum.
It has a very pronounced midrib, hollow almost to the point, with
narrow blades, the edges of which have been a good deal broken
away. The socket, also, is broken off. Its present length is 33in.
Bronze socketed looped spearhead, found at Lavington ? in possession
of Mr. Wadman, of Ogbourne St. Andrew (teste Mr. Rendell, of
Devizes, 1914).
ee ee
Notes. 637
Bronze palstave with stop ridge and deep slots, 44in. long, with semi-
circular edge, found on Chilmark Bake, north of the village, in 1912,
and now in the Museum of the National School at Chilmark. A
drawing by the Rev. C. V. Goddard is in the Society’s Library.
The same school museum (Chilmark) contains an iron spearhead 63in.
long, with split socket and short leat-shaped blade—perhaps Saxon—
found at Bulford, 1906 ; and a very finely chipped flint celt 62in. long,
from Chilmark Bake, 1910. It has no polish on it. Drawings of
both these objects by the Rev. C. V. Goddard are in the Society’s
collection. Ep. H. Gopparp.
Celts of Stone, other than flint.
A well-made and perfect ground celt of hard stone, found at Roundway,
1914, 5Zin. long, has been presented to the Museum by Mr. B. H.
Cunnington.
A ground celt of basalt, found near the site of the old Church in
“Qoople Church Field,” Keevil, 1913; presented to the Museum by
the Rev. E. P. Knubley. Ep. H. GopDArD.
British Gold Coins.
Uninscribed. Obv., laureate bust to left. Rev., a degraded repre-
sentation of horse and Victory to left. vans, Pl. A.5. 274 grains.
Found in Marlborough Forest.
Uninscribed. Obv., portions of a laureate bust, which has assumed
more of the character of a cruciform ornament. Revy., Horse galloping
to right ; curved ornament above, pellet below; exergual line. Evans,
Pl. ©.,5—7. 894 grains. Found at Aldbourne, Wilts.
Uninscribed. Plain convex obverse. Rev., object like palm tree above
crooked line. ZHvans, Pl. E. 11. 21 grains. Found at Ogbourne,
Marlborough.
The above appear in Messrs. Spink & Sons’ Monthly Numismatic
Circular, January, 1914, pp. 50, 51.
Mr. A. D. Passmore also reports a British gold uninscribed coin from
Upham in the Morris Collection, and another uninscribed from
Ringsbury, Purton, obv., plain convex ; rev., concave, disjointed horse
and wheel, in his own collection.
- British Silver Coin.
(Cunobelinus.) Inscribed. Obv., Cvnopeini. Head to right. Rev.,
Tascto, horse galloping toright. Hvans, Pl. X.8. 15$grains. Found
at Axford (Ramsbury). Messrs. Spink’s circular.
British Copper Coin.
(Cunobelinus.) Inscribed. Obv., Cvnoz, Horseman galloping to
right, holding dart and shield. Rev., Tasciro (vANTIS). An armed
figure standing with spear and shield. Hvans, Pl XII., 3. 38 grains
Found at Kennet. Messrs. Spink’s circular.
638 Notes.
Oaksey, Roman Pottery. Mr. F. Gibbons, in a letter to the
Wilts and Gloucester Standard, reprinted in, Wiltshire Gazette, May 21st,
1914, mentions the occurrence in a ploughed field at Oaksey Common,
at the foot of Flistridge Hill, of a great quantity of fragments of
Roman tile and brick—of which 'some are vitrified and twisted or
cracked in the burning—from which he suggests that this is the site
of a kiln. The fragments are said to extend over several fields.
Excavations by Mr. H. St. G. Gray, at Avebury,
1914. he following amounts were contributed by members of the
Wiltshire Society to this work in 1911. The money was not expended
until this present year :—
OS, Gh Ls Oh
Lord Lansdowne 5 O O J. U. Powell 10 0
Lord Fitzmaurice 5 0 0 Capt. Jenner 10 6
W. Heward Bell 2 2 O J. E. Ward 10 0
Sir Prior Goldney,
Bart. 20 0 —_—-
A. W.N. Burder 1 1 O £18 4 6
F. H. Goldney 100 ————
Cross at Woodford restored. With reference to this the
Rev. S. F. Handcock, Vicar of Wilsford with Woodford, writes on
December 15th, 1913, that the only original stones of the cross as it
appears at present are the square base and the lower part of the shaft,
nearly 2ft. in length. This latter was found in a villager’s garden and
had been set up many years ago as a sundial: The socket stone was
found in the churchyard, where the cross probably stood. The three
present steps are formed of old stones from the village, or from
Chilmark. The head, a copy of Tisbury Churchyard Cross, was cut
from the old base stone of the Woodford Font, the hole through the
centre of it was the font drain. An illustration from a photograph
appeared in the Salisbury Times in 1913. C. V. GoppDarp.
Roman Villa at Bromham examined by Mr. Money,
September—October, 1840.
“ Whetham, Sept. 30th, 1840.
“The discovery took place about fifty years ago on the removal of an
old hedge by the road side and the pavement was opened (not for the
first time) by Sir R. C. Hoare in the year 1810. This interesting relic
has certainly never before been investigated to the present extent as is
proved by my discovery of sepulchral urns, etc., which, had the foun-
dations of the building been traced beyond the pavement, could never
have escaped the spade of previous operators.” J.S. Money, Weltshire
Independent, Oct. 1st, 1840.
“This interesting relic of antiquity is well worthy a visit, the foun-
dations of an extensive building have been uncovered and three
_—
es
Oe aah i i i
Notes. 639
chambers: brought to light—two of them are ornamented with tes-
selated floors of very elegant design; the third exhibits the method
adopted by the Romans for heating their apartments—the groundwork
being intersected by flues, which all remain in full preservation. The
masonry of the main walls is very substantial and in most cases as firm
and compact as when first laid down. These remains.evidently belong
to a. Roman villa which, it is not going too far to imagine, may have
been the habitation of the prefect who commanded the neighbouring
town of Verlucio—the first station on the great Roman read from Bath
to London as recorded in the Itinerary of Antoninus. Their antiquity
is unquestioned as the Romans finally abandoned Britain about A.D.
425; the building, therefore, must have been erected at least fourteen
or fifteen hundred years ago. Additional interest is given by the ex-
hibition of upwards of sixty coins (comprising twenty-two different
Emperors), which from time to time have been dug up in the surrounding
fields as well as by the display of other relics connected with the locality,
which will no doubt be duly appreciated.”
“The excavations on the site of the Roman Villa at Bromham are
stil] going on under the direction of Mr. J.S. Money. The foundations
of seven apartments are now visible and more it is supposed are still
concealed by the soil. Two sepulchral urns filled with burnt human
ashes have been brought to light as well as a coin of Carausius which
is valuable as throwing light on the age of the building. Carausius
‘usurped the government of Britain A.D. 287 and held it till assassinated
by his chief minister Allectus (of whom also a coin was lately discovered
in an adjoining field) A.D. 294. We may conclude, therefore, that the
villa was inhabited at that period and that its age cannot be less than
1550 years,”
“Within the last week several articles of curiosity have been dis-
covered upon this interesting site. Among them may be mentioned a
coin struck by Constantine the Great upon the deification of his father,
Constantius, who died at the Imperial Palace of York on the 25th July,
A.D. 306. The obverse exhibits the head of the deceased Emperor sur-
rounded by the words ‘DIVO CONSTANTIO PIO,’ To the god
Constantius the pious.’ On the reverse is the porta] of a temple
guarded by two eagles inscribed MEMORIA FELIX, ‘ Felitous
memory. Three letters underneath P.LN. denote that the coin issued
from the mint of London. It is of the second brass, in very good
preservation, and was found close to another of smaller size struck
also under Constantine in honour of his son Crispus, that son whose
cruel death subsequently left such an indelible stain on the character
of the first Christian Emperor. ‘The inscription on the obverse is
CRISPVS NOBILC. ‘Crispus noble Cesar.’ On the reverse VIRTVS
EXERCIT. ‘The valor of the army,’ and the letters denoting the coin
stamped at London. Several other coins in inferior preservation have
also been brought to light ; they are all of the later empire and belong
640 Notes.
to Alexander, Galienus, Tetricus, Carausius,and others. The excavations
under the direction of Mr. Money have now been extended to the
western side of the road from Devizes to Chippenham. Here a fresh
floor has been discovered, supporting several layers of large flat bricks
placed at regular intervals and bearing ardent marks of thea ‘ %a of
fire. These are supposed to have belonged to the furnac w . >the
hot air was generated before it was admitted into t}? wu which
everywhere intersect the foundations of the villa. Aroun ‘lis spot
the earth is very black and loose and has yielded manyr __, viz., a
dozen and a half ivory pins about 3 inches in length—«a tities of
pottery of various quality, shape, and colour,—burn+ hnm | bones—
remains of horses, sheep, boars, and other animals- antlers—
fragments of iron chain, keys, nails, etc.
“Since our last notice the excavations have been continued till the
baths were discovered and completely exposed to view. Four of them
are in excellent preservation considering the many, centuries they have
been in the earth. They are paved with flat brick tiles about a foot
square and lie four or five feet beneath the surface. Other interesting
parts of the building have been brought to light during the past week.”
“A very accurate ground-plan of the villa has been laid down by
Mr. Cleverly, architect of Calne, which with some account of the in-
vestigation, Mr. Money, we are informed, shortly purposes to lay before
the Society of Antiquarians in London.”
The excavation was very shortly afterwards filled in again. The
plan referred to is not now to be found in the Library of the Society of
Antiquaries.
All the above paragraphs, except the first, are from the Devizes Gazette,
Sept. 24th, to Nov. 5th, 1840. W. A. Wess.
Barrow at Knowle Parm, Little Bedwyn. Mr. E.
Thurlow Leeds, F.S.A., of the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, writes, on
March 2nd, 1914, as follows :—
“Tn looking for something else,this morning,I came across the enclosed
note at the end ofone of our old MS. Catalogues [Catalogus Cimetiorum
Musei Ashmoleani (c. 1697)]. It has been a loose page lying in the end
of the book where the ink has marked the opposite pages but at some
date has been stuck in at another position. The catalogue is not paged
in any way. Evidently there was more of it, but this is not now forth-
coming. As to ithe urn, I have never seen the name on ours, but I
suspect it may be one of two large (Bronze Age cinerary) urns with
deep rim, whose provenance is unknown, which were here prior to 1836.”
“A Roman Urn: given by the Rev. Mr. Buckler Fellow of All-Souls
Coll., 1754.”
Notes. 641
_ (Transcript of the paper sent with it.)
“In the Year 1746 as Certain Labourers were digging Stones out of
a Large Barrow in a Feild belonging to Knowle Farme in the
Parish of little Bedwin, & within two Miles of Froxfeild in the
County of Wilts, in order to mend the Turnpike Road between
Marlbourough & Froxfeild aforesaid; they struck upon some
Potsherds, as they thought, & breaking them with their Matlocks
or Pickaxes, from some of them issued a Black matter like a Jelly
w. smelt very fragrant of Spices, Herbs, &c., & when they
brought it into the Air upon their Spades or Shovels, was in con-
tinual motion quivering and Shaking ; they likewise observed Ashes
to lay round about the Places where these Pots stood. Their
Master, Mr. William Bunce of Froxfeild aforesaid Surveyor of the
said Turnpike Road coming to them & observing, these extra-
ordinary appearances, charged his men to dig on with Caution,
when they came to any more Ashes, & to endeavour to take out
these Vessels Whole which they did for the future preserving three
entire of different sizes & of a Conick Shape with their mouths
downward & calcin’d Bones under them. One very Small holding
”
.
Golden Oriole at Lacock. Mr. C. H. Talbot, writing from
Lacock Abbey on August 7th, 1913, says:—‘‘In the winter or very
early in the year, a bird, believed to have been a Golden Oriole, was
seen in the shrubbery here. There was probably a pair. My sister,
Mrs. Clark, saw it and thought it appeared to be a Golden Oriole, but
also thought it hardly possible ; but, after she had returned to Scotland,
. she happened to mention the circumstance to my niece, who told her
that I also had seen a bird that I thought must be a Golden Oriole,
and that she herself had seen a bird of the same size, about that of a
thrush, but of a greenish colour, which was probably the hen. My
niece and I saw these birds, within, I think, a day ~f each other. My
sister saw the bird, I think, at a longer inte:va'. The bird I saw was
bright yellow and both birds were seen at the same spot.
Great Crested Grebe Nesting in Wilts. Mr. A.D.
Passmore writes, June 4th, 1914, that a pair of the Great Crested Grebe
had just nested and brought off their young successfully, in a locality
which it is not advisable to specify further than that it is in North Wilts,
for fear of the attentions of those worst enemies of Natural History,
the egg collectors, whose selfish destruction of rare species stops at
nothing. Four instances of the occurrence of this bird in Wilts are
recorded in Smith’s Birds of Wiltshire, but itis believed that its nesting
has not previously been recorded in the county.
Erroneous report of the occurrence of the Yellow
Shanks (Totanus flavipes) in Wiltshire. In 7.4.
xxxv., 508, Mr. E. A. Rawlence, of Salisbury, reported on the authority
VOL. XXXVIII—NO. CXXII. ou
642 Notes.
of the late Mr. White, taxidermist, of Salisbury, that a specimen of
this bird had been shot by Mr. Carey Coles, at Winterbourne Stoke in
1908. As doubts had been expressed as to whether this bird had been
correctly named, Mr. Rawlence obtained the loan of the birdfrom Mr.
Carey Coles and took it up to the Natural History Museum at South
Kensington for identification. Mr. W. R. Ogilvie Grant, of the Museum,
writes after examining the specimen, “There can be no doubt that it
not a specimen of the Yellow Shanks, but is a Common Redshank on
which the beak and legs have been wrongly painted yellow. While
the glass was off the caseI instructed my taxidermist to paint them
the proper colour.”
Bohemian Waxwing. An immature specimen was shot by a :
keeper in Braydon Wood and brought to the Rev. D. P. Harrison, of
Lydiard Millicent, for identification, December 31st, 1913.
;
4
Salisbury Token, unpublished. Dr. H. P. Blackmore reports
the occurrence of a token :—
WILLIAM CLEMENS=Shield of Arms.
OF . SARUM . MERCER 1664=C.W.E.
Wroughton Church. Mr. Thomas Codrington and Mrs. Story
Maskelyne write to make certain corrections in the account of the
model of Wroughton Church in Mr, Ponting’s paper inW.A.J/. xxxviii.,
415. Mr. Ponting’s notes were made from the photographs of the ~
model, not from the model itself which he had never seen, and from
information given him at the time by Mr. Codrington and Mrs. Story
Maskelyne.
Page 415, 1. 22, and on /gs. I. and II. The date of the model given
as 1835 should be May, 1839.
Page 416, 1. 26. The model does not show a “ small roll mould” on
the edge of jambs and arches of the three semi-circular openings on
the north side of the nave formerly existing, but a square recess or
rabbet. ‘This the model maker could copy, but the mouldings of the ~
later arches he did not attempt to copy, but shows them by a plain
chamfer. 7
Page 424, 1]. 33, note. The “big pew inside the Chapel by the arch ~
into the Chancel” was neither the Wroughton House pew nor the ©
Manor House pew. “I rather think,” writes Mr. Codrington,“ it was the
servants’ pew, my grandmother’s pew was inside the screen, in the
north-west corner of the Chancel, where it can be made out in /%g. I.
It was not the Manor House pew, but appertained, like Wroughton
House and the Chancel, to the Rectory property. I do not remember
where the Manor House pew was.”
Page 425, 1.2. The stairs to the west end galleries\from the south
aisle (not the tower) are shown in the model though not visible in Fig.
L.
Page 425, 1.5. The stairs to the pulpit as shown in the model led
from the middle aisle.
Page 425, 1.8. “The Skreen” mentioned by Aubrey zs shown in the
Notes. 643
model, though not in the photograph. Five openings on each side of
the chancel entrance and under the middle of the Salthrop pew. I do
not remember, says Mr. Codrington, what it was like.
Page 425,1.14. For “under the direction of Mr. Lyte, architect”
read “in the time of the Rev. W. H. Light, Vicar.”
Page 425, 1. 31, note. For “Mr. J. Codrington” read “ Dr.
Codrington.”
The maker of the model so often referred to was named Lloyd. He
was no doubt also the maker of the models of Clyffe Pypard Church,
now in the possession of Mrs. Wilson, at Clyffe Manor(W.A.JL xxxvii.,
422, note), and of Purton Church now in the possession of Miss Prower,
grand-daughter of the Rev. Canon J. M. Prower, Vicar of Purton, for
whom the model was made.
Mr. T. Codrington remembered the fact that the model maker,
Lloyd, was employed in several parishes in the county.
The age of the ‘‘ cylindrical notched glass beads ”’
found in Wiltshire Barrows, In the Journal of Lgyptian
Archeology, vol. I., Part I., January, 1914, p. 18, occurs an important
note by Professor Sayce, on “The Date of Stonehenge.” “Egypt,” he
writes, “has helped to fix the chronology of prehistoric Crete ; I am
now able to show that it can perform the same service for Britain.
Hitherto there has been no possibility of determining the period when
Stonehenge was built; the attempt to do so astronomically, at all
events, has not secured the suffrages of the archeologist. And there
seemed no other means whereby its age'could be fixed. That it belongs
to the beginning of the Bronze Age, however, has long been fairly clear.
A stone with a copper stain was found by Dr. Gowland during the
excavations at Stonehenge in 1901, and chippings from the sarsen blocks
of the outer circle have been discovered in at least two of the adjoining
Bronze Age barrows. We may therefore conclude that the blocks were
erected at no great interval of time before the construction of the
barrow. Most of the objects found have been deposited in the Museum
at Devizes. Among them are numerous beads described as ‘‘ notched
beads of blue glass.” What was my surprise to find that they were
neither notched nor of glass, but were well-known Egyptian beads of
Egyptian Faience and coated with Kg gyptian blue glaze. They are beads
moreover, whlch belong to one particular period in Egyptian history, the
latter part of the age of the Eighteenth Dynasty and the earlier part of
that of the Nineteenth Dynasty,and are known to Egyptian archeologists
as cylindrical beads formed of circular disks. There is a large number
of them in the Devizes Museum. . . . Three of them come from
Stonehenge itself (Barrow 39) .
“The period to which they belong may be dated B.C. 1450—1250,
and as we must allow some time for their passage across the fade
routes to Wiltshire, an approximate date for their presence in the
British Barrows will be B.C. 1300. Consequently Stonehenge will
have been erected in the 14th century before our era. In one of the
2 U2
644
Notes.
barrows two other Egyptian beads have been discovered. These are
the ribbed and melon-shaped beads characteristic of the Eighteenth
and Nineteenth Dynasties, thus agreeing with the evidence of the
cylindrical beads. Along which particular trade route these Egyptian
beads made their way to Southern Britain is, of course, uncertain
in the time of Cesar the Veneti of Brittany had a large com-
mercial as well as naval fleet, with which they carried on trade with
the opposite coast of Britain. But there was a prehistoric trade-route
in amber which ran from the Baltic to the Adriatic through the valleys
of the Elbe and Danube, and which Montelius has shown goes back to
to the Neolithic epoch, while amber was carried at an early date from
the Baltic to Britain, and the gold of Ireland and Wales was conveyed
to Scandinavia.” |
On the next page (p. 19) Mr. H. R. Hall, of the British Museum, adds
a further note:—“ At Deir el-Bahari we discovered thousands of blue ~
glaze beads of the exact particular type (already well known from other ~
Egyptian diggings) of those found in Britain. Ours are, in all proba-
bility, mostly of the time of Hatshepsut, and so date to about 1500 B.C.
In the third volume of The XJth Dynasty Temple at Deir el-Bahari
which has lately appeared, I noted (p. 17) the identity of our Deir
el- Bahari beads with those that have been found in Britain. ;
what I said was “long segmental beads occur, of an interesting type,
identical with similar ‘faience’ or ‘frit’ beads found in deposits of the
Middle Bronze Age in Crete and Western Europe, even so far as Britain,
as for example at Lake and Tan Hill in Wiltshire. There can be little
doubt that the blue segmental beads from Lake and Tan Hill are of
Egyptian make, and so date at the earliest to about 1500 B.C. They —
are found in Egypt as late as about 1200 B.C. probably. That they
were imported into Britain long after the period 1500—1200 B.C. is
hardly likely. . . . Weare not here dealing with imitations ; these
are actual Egyptian beads.”
Prof. Sayce’s note is illustrated by a good photo of the necklace of ©
thirty-two beads from Barrow 6 at Upton Lovell, comprising ten of
these cylindrical segmental or notched beads of what has been called
“lass,” but should perhaps be rather described as “ vitreous paste,”
together with a similar long bead from a barrow at Lake.
It was suggested that the actual identity of the Wiltshire with the ~
Egyptian beads might perhaps be proved by an analysis of their re-
spective composition, but upon enquiry as to this, it was found that a
considerable number of beads would have to be sacrificed if any definite © i
conclusion was to be reached by this means, and this did not seem —
justifiable. Prof. Flinders Petrie has exchanged examples of the —
Egyptian beads for one of our Wiltshire specimens, and the former will —
be exhibited at Devizes side by side with the barrow examples for
comparison.
Prof. Sayce speaks of the beads from the barrows as of “faience.” It
seems that the Egyptian beads in question were either of “ faience,” z.e.,
a blue glaze on a sandy substance of a cream or greyish colour, or of a
“naste” or “composition” coloured blue throughout. The damp of our
¥
a
Notes. 645
climate has undoubtedly affected the beads found in the barrows, but
they appear not to have been glazed, but to be coloured all through their
substance, and seem therefore to be comparable, not with the “‘faience,”
bnt with the ‘‘ paste” beads.
Prof. Flinders Petrie is inclined to think from the appearance of the
beads that they may be Mykenean copies of the Egyptian originals, and
date about 1200 B.C. The fact that the blue segmented beads from
the barrows are of Egyptian origin, or that they must have been copied
from Egyptian originals, has been recognised by archzeologists for many
years; in 1908 Sir Arthur Evans pointed to the existence of these
beads as affording good, if not conclusive, evidence, that the dates
assigned by Dr. Montelius to the Bronze Age in Britain were too early.
Proc. Soc. Ant., xxii., 120.
The somewhat similarly shaped beads that have been described as of
ivory, referred to by Prof. Sayce, have now, through the kindness of
Professor Sollas, been definitely proved to be of bone, not ivory.
[Mrs.] M. E. CunnrneTon.
Roman Wiltshire. Professor Haverfield in his Roman Britain in
1913, under “ Wiltshire” notes the contents of Wilts. Arch. Mag. As
regards the Nettleton Scrub Relief, of which he gives an illustration, he
says “The relief has been called sepulchral. It is more likely to rep-
resent Diana and her hound, and the shape and size of the foundations
—though badly recorded—strongly suggest a small temple of the
Celtic type . . . . We may place here a local shrine of Diana, or
perhaps of some British goddess identified with Diana and worshipped
under her attributes.” He sums up the Roman entries in the List of
Prehistoric Roman and Pagan-Saxon Antiquities (W.AM., xxxviii.,
1538) thus :—“ The result is interesting. There are about thirty dwell-
ing houses of civilised types, some of them plainly comfortable country
houses, others farms. There are about thirty Romano-British villages,
which, so far as they have been explored, more or less resemble that of
Casterley : there are also about forty other village sites which have
not been explored and may possibly be similar, and lastly there are
some forty-five find spots, chiefly of coins. If towns are awanting
within the actual limits of Wiltshire—for Sorbiodunum (Old Sarum)
was a tiny place—there were two, Cirencester and Bath, only just out-
side. So we get a clear picture of this corner of Roman-Britain—a
rural district with well-to-do landowners, a good supply of farms, and |
a population of peasants dwelling in villages.”
General Henry Shrapnel, R.A. The Field of October 3rd,
1914, quoted in Wiltshire Times, October 17th, contained an illustration
of the entrance gates of Midway Manor, near Bradford-on-Avon. The
gate pillars are crowned with pyramids of shrapnel shells in their
original spherical shape, prior to the introduction of rifled guns. The
General, who was the inventor of the shell which bears his name, as
well as of several other appliances connected with guns and gun-
mountings, only received a pension of £1200 a year for life, though he
646 Notes.
had spent very large sums on his experiments, which much impoverished
his family. Born 1761, son of Zechariah Shrapnel, the owner of a large
cloth mill at ‘Bradford, he entered the Royal Artillery in 1779, and
served with the Duke of York in Flanders. His “Spherical Case Shot,”
as it was at first called, was adopted by the British Army in 1802 and the
action of the shell was unknown outside England until 1834. He died
March 13th, 1842, and was buried at Bradford-on-Avon. On the inner
side of the gate the pillars bear a stone shield on which is the following _
inscription :—“ Invented by General Shrapnel 1785. Battles won by
using Shrapnel Shell, Battle at Waterloo, Vimiera, Talavera, Maida,
Scilla Castle, Busaco, Pamplona, Table Bay, Copenhagen, Monte Video,
Ghuzneemedansee, Khyber Pass, Burmese War, sage, Bella Formosa,.
San Sebastian, Bidasoa, Kioze, With the Sikhs, Crimean War, Indian
Mutiny, and Abyssinian War.” The General’s son, Henry Scrope
Shrapnel, pressed the claims of the family upon the War Office for
years, but only succeeded in obtaining an authoritative declaration
that the shell should bear the name of its inventor, which it still does
in all countries. He was eventually obliged to sell Midway Manor and
emigrate. On a wall of the Manor House is carved the crest which
Gen. Shrapnel devised for himself, “‘a bomb fired,” 2.¢., a spherical
shrapnel shell bursting. The Field, October 24th, 1914, had a further
letter on the subject with photo illustrations of a portrait of Lt.-Gen.
H. Shrapnel from an oil painting by F. Arrowsmith, 1817, in the R.A.
Institution, and of the mural memorial tablet to the Shrapnel
family in Bradford-on-A von Church.
The Gold Ornaments in Devizes Museum. The whole
of the gold ornaments of the Bronze Age from Wiltshire barrows
which have hitherto been exhibited in the cases at the Museum have
now been accurately reproduced in electrotype by Mr. W. H. Young,
of the Ashmolean Museum. These electrotype copies are now exhibited
in the place of the originals, which have been withdrawn from the
cases, as in view of recent thefts from museums, it was thought that
they ought not to be exposed to the risk of being lost. The intrinsic
value of the gold is of course very small owing to its thinness, but
their appearance might tempt a thief, and from an archeological point
of view they are of the very highest importance.
647
WILTS OBITUARY.
Lieut Percy Lyulph Wyndham, of Clouds, killed in action,
Sept., 1914. Only son of Rt. Hon. George Wyndham and Countess
Grosvenor. Born 1887, entered Coldstream Guards 1909. Married,
1913, Hon. Diana Lister, d. of Lord Ribblesdale. He succeeded his
father in the property, 1913.
Obit. notice, Zimes, Sept. 18th; Weltshive Gazette, Oct. 1st; Salds-
bury Journal, Sept. 19th, 1914. Portraits, Photos, Sphere, Sept. 26th ;
Queen, Sept. 26th, 1914.
Captain Harry Stanley Toppin, died of wounds. Son of
Major-General James Morris Toppin and Mrs. Toppin, of Blacklands
Park, near Calne. Born 1874. Joined. Northumberland Fusiliers
1895, served in Nile Expedition, 1898, and was present at the battle of
Khartoum. Also in the South African War, 1899—1901, mentioned in
despatches and won medal with seven clasps.
Portrait, Sphere, Oct. 17th, 1914.
Captain Arthur Curgenven Magor, 2nd Wilts Rest., killed
in action Oct. 17th, 1914, aged 35. Son of K. A. Magor, of
Lamellen, Cornwall. Married, 1912, Dora, d. of A. B. Fisher, of
Potterne, who survives him with one child. Joined the Army 1900,
Captain 1908. Served with 2nd Battalion in the 8S. African War and
received both medals with five clasps. Latterly he had been with the
3rd Battalion, but was transferred to the 2nd Battalion when it went
to the front.
Obit, notice, Wrltshure Gazette, Oct. 22nd, 1914. Portrait, Sphere.
Captain Robert Harold Olivier, killed in action at the Battle
of the Aisne, Sept. 17th, 1914, aged 34. Son of Canon Olivier, of
Salisbury, late Rector of Wilton. Entered the 1st Duke of Cornwall's
Light Infantry during the S. African War and was present at many
engagements, including Paardeburg, receiving the Queen’s medal and
four clasps, and the King’s medal and two clasps. Married, 1911, the
eldest daughter of the late A. R. Malden, of Salisbury, who, with two
sons, survives him.
Obit. notice, Weltshire Gazette, Oct. lst; portrait (photo), Sphere,
Oct. 10th, 1914.
Captain H. C. Reynolds, of the Wiltshire Regiment, killed in
action, Sept., 1914. Served in the S. African War, gaining the’
Queen’s medal.
Second-Lieutenant C. E. V. Awdry, killed in action Aug.
27th, 1914, aged 20. Eldest son of the Rev. Vere Awdry, Vicar of
Ampfield (Hants), formerly Vicar of Broad Hinton. Educated at Marl-
borough Coll., 1908—1912.
648 Wilts Obituary.
Lieut Edward Fleetwood Fuller, of Marston Manor, Swindon,
died Oct. 8th, 1914, aged 36. Buried at Corshamside. Youngest son
of G. P. Fuller, of Neston. He was in command of the Wilts Yeomanry
Reserve Squadron at Bradford-on-Avon.
Lieut. Edmund Antrobus, killed in action Oct. 23rd, 1914. Only
son of Sir Edmund Antrobus, Bart.. of Amesbury Abbey. Born Dec.
23rd, 1886, joined the Ist Batt. Grenadier Guards, 1908.
Second Lieut. Leonard Amauri Filleul, killed in action
Oct. 21st, 1914, aged 26, second son of the Rev. P. W. G. Filleul,
Rector of Devizes. Born 1888, at Bath, where his father was
Vicar of St. James’ parish. Educated at Cleeveland House School,
Weymouth, Trent College (Derbys.), where he was captain of the
football eleven, 1905 and 1906, and Lincoln Coll., Oxon, 1908. Assistant
Master Monkton Combe School, 1911—1914, joined the Somerset Light
Infantry, to which he was attached as supplementary officer on the
outbreak of war. He was transferred to the Oxfordshire and Buck-
inghamshire Light Infantry.
Long obit. notice, Waltshire Glazette, Oct. 29th, 1914.
Lieut. Graham Eardley Dunsterville, killed in action,
Oct. 29th, 1914, aged 30. Youngest son of Colonel K. D. Dunsterville,
of Guyers House, Corsham. Married, July, 1913, the third daughter
of Frederick Hastings Goldney, of Beechfield, Corsham, who, with a
daughter, survives him. Joined the Devon Artillery, 1901, obtained
commission in Ist Battalion Devon Regt., 1908. He was one of the
most notable fencers in the army, and was one of the British Team at
three International Fencing Tournaments in 1913.
Obit. notice, Wiltshzre Gazette, Nov. 5th, 1914.
Capt. Robert Giffard, R.A., A.D.C., died of wounds Nov.
Ist, 1914, aged 30. Son of H. R. Giffard, of Lockeridge House.
Joined the Artillery 1903 ; appointed A.D.C.to Gen. Officer Commanding
1st Division, 1910 ; and to Sir John French’s personal staff on Aug. 5th,
1914. Mentioned in recent despatches.
Second-Lieut, Eric Lawrence Arthur Hart Burges,
2nd Batt. Wilts Regt., killed in action Oct. 23rd, 1914, aged 23. Second
son of Rev. J. Hart Burges, D.D., formerly Rector of Devizes. Educated
at St. Edmund’s School, Canterbury, and St. John’s Coll., Oxford,
B.A. 1913. Commissioned in Wiltshire Regiment, August, 1914.
Obit. notice, Weltshire Gazette, Nov. 12th, 1914.
Major Lord Charles George Francis Mercer-Nairne,
Ist Royal Dragoons, killed in action Oct. 31st, 1914. Lord Charles
Petty-Fitzmaurice, second son of the Marquis of Lansdowne, assumed
the name of Mercer-Nairne in January, 1914, when the estates of Aldie,
Meikleour, and Tully, in Perthshire, were transferred to him. He
derived his new surname from his paternal grandmother, Emily
:
-
,
:
Additions to Museum and Lnbrary. 649
Jane Mercer Elphinstone de Flahaut, who established her claim to the
Scots Barony of Nairne and Keith in 1874. Lord Charles, born 1874,
educated at Eton, married, January, 1909, Lady Violet Elliot, d. of the
late Earl of Minto, then Viceroy of India. Heyserved in S. African
War, 1899—1900, receiving the Queen’s Medal with four clasps. He
was aide-de-camp to Lord Roberts. He served two years in the Kdin-
burgh Light Infantry Militia (Royal Scots), joined the Royal Dragoons
; became Lieut., 1898; Capt. 1901: Major 1910. Equerry to the
ing.
Obit. notice, Zimes, Nov. 2nd; Wiltshire Gazette, Nov. 5th, 1914.
Lieut. Richard Walmesley, killed in action in France, Oct. 23rd,
1914, aged 23. Grandson of Richard Walmesley, of Lucknam, and heir
to the estate. He joined the Yorkshire Regiment May Ist, 1912.
Portrait, Sphere, Nov. 14th, 1914.
William Wyndham, of Dinton House, died August 4th, 1914,
aged 80. Buried at Dinton. Born Jan. 12th, 1834. S. of William
Wyndham, M.P. for South Wilts. Educated at Harrow and Trin. Coll.,
Camb. J.P. and Deputy Lieutenant for Wilts, member until his death
of Wilton Board of Guardians and Rural District Council. Otherwise
he took but little part in public affairs, but was keenly interested in
the management of his estate.
Obit. notice, Salisbury Journal, Aug. 8th, 1914. .
Dr. John Tanner, died Sept. 8th, 1914, aged 78. Buried at St.
Marylebone Cemetery. Son of a gentleman farmer in Wiltshire, he
held a prominent medical position in London, and was the author of
several hundred medical works. He was a keen politician and was for
many years chairman of the Southwark Conservative Association.
Obit. notice, Wiltshire Gazette, Sept. 17th, 1914.
ADDITIONS TO MUSEUM AND LIBRARY.
Library.
Presented by Mr. J. H. PrircHarp: First Edition of Cary’s May of Wilts,
1787.
» THe AutHor (H. BraxspEar, F.S.A.): ‘“ Malmesbury
Abbey,” reprint from Archeologia.
» THe AutHor (A. D. Passmore): article in Man. 1914.
, LHe AutHor (Miss H. A’C. PenruppocKs): articles from
papers.
650 Additions to Inbrary.
Presented by Mr. A. ScHomprrc: Wilts articles from papers.
* » THE AuTHoR (S. Dartine): “Reminiscences.” 1914.
# » LHE AuTHorR (Rev. J.P. KINGSLAND) : Two sermons preached
at Devizes. 1914.
* » Mr. E. Cook: Wilts portrait and photo.
i » Mrs. B. H. Cunnincton: “The Green Roads of England,”
by Hippisley Cox. 1914.
y » THE AUTHOR (CANon McMiLuan): “Sermons preached in
Malmesbury Abbey.” 1914.
ERRATA.
. 118, 7. 18 from bottom, for 1912 read 1913.
. 134, 7. 9from bottom, for 1912 read 1913.
270, J. 17, for Flint, read Basalt.
276, 1.5, omit at Lackham.
449, 1. 26, for Mrs. Beet Irving read Mrs. Belt Irving.
498, l. 2, for Rumsay, read Ramsey.
505, 7. 11 from bottom, for Indexes in the two first read Index in the
first.
. 542, J. 11, for Frances read Francis.
. 560, J. 12 for Hereford read Hertford.
. 631, J. 24, for StR.one, read R. Stone.
. 639, 1. 36, for Felitous, read Felicitous.
SSpPsss
Ssss
651
INDEX TO VOL, XXXVIII.
Abbot’s Copse, 389.
Abbott, John, 594, 618.
tine, 598, 629.
Abbutt, Geo., 609.
Abery, Will., 607.
Abingdon, Abbot of 32.
Abingdon Court (Cricklade), 238.
Ablington (Figheldean) Barrows,
253, 254.
Acorn pie, 521.
Aston, Rev. E., 553. Capt. W.
M. & Mrs., ports., 536.
Adam, work at Bowood, 517, 518.
Adams, A. M. 35. Widow, 605.
Adam’s Grave, Long Barrow, 162 ;
described, 382.
Adamson, Mrs. C., port., 144.
Adkin, Kev. H. K., 238.
Adlam, Will., 603, 617.
Adrian, Rey. A. H. W., transcrip-
tion, 128.
AXeglea, site of, [ley (Warminster),
or Butleigh (Som.), 513, 514.
Agar, Lady M. J. D., 118. ‘1
Ailesbury, Marquis of, writings,
141. Thomas Bruce, Lord
Ailesbury, port., 535.
Akerman, J. Y., excavations, 262.
Albin, John, 607.
Aldbourne, 542. Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, Saxon, List
of, 156—159. _- Barrow, Incense
cup, 582. British Gold Coin,
637. Chase, Earthworks, 158.
Ditches, 280, 288. Tllusts.,
Warren, Barrows, 157.
Willow weaving and plaiting,
521. Seealso Lewisham Castle ;
Upham.
Alderbury,Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, Saxon, List of, 159.
Church, Monument, 130.
Persons, see Glass, Ed. ; Goldston
fam.
Alderson, Capt. A. T. S., 116.
Alderton, Fosseway, 159.
Aldhelm, St., founds Sherborneand
Malmesbury Abbeys, 458, 459.
Aldie (Scotland), 648.
‘Alexander, Thos , 593.
Valen-
539.
Alford, Rich, 619. Rob., 609.
Thos. (I. & IL.), 599, 608, 609.
Will,, 609.
Alfred (King), art. on Statue and
connection with Pewsey, noticed,
133.
Alfred’s Tower (Stourton), 271, 324.
Site of Ecbryght’s Stone,
near, 513.
Algar, Geo., port., 142.
Aliens, payments to subsidies, 592.
Weaver Retugees from France
and Flanders, 573.
All Cannings, Antiquities, Prehis-
toric, Roman, Saxon, List of, 159
—161. Cross Farm, Dwelling
Pits, 79 » Late Celtic Site & Pot-
tery, 86, 161, 582. Registers,
pubd., 149.
Allengrove Lane (Luckington), 281.
Aller (Som.), Alfred at, 513.
Allin, Anth., 613.
Allington (Pewsey Vale) Antiqui-
ties, Prehistoric, Roman, Saxon,
161. Persons, see Berry, V. I.
Allington (S. Wilts) Barrows, 296.
Allport, Rev. Josiah, writings, 542.
Almshouses, see Corsham ; Daunt-
sey; Longbridge Deverill.
Alsburie, Thos., 622.
Altar frontal, see Salisbury Cathe-
dral.
Altarists at Salisbury Cathedral,
560.
Alton Barnes, Antiquities, Prehis-
toric, Roman, Saxon, List of, 161,
162. Church, art. on & illusts.
noticed, 135. Persons, see
Hare, Aug. (Rector). Rectory,
illust., 135. White Horse,
161.
Alton Parva (Figheldean) Barrows,
255.
Alton Priors, Antiquities, Prehis-
toric, Roman, Saxon, List of, 162
—164, Barrows, 376.
Church, art. on, noticed, 135.
Persons, see Button, Will.
Alvediston, Antiquities, Prehis-
toric, Roman, Saxon, List of, 164.
652 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII.
Amber Beads, 156. See also List
of Antiquitiesi in Wilts, 1583—378.
ern (Widow), 606. Will.,
61
Amesbury Abbey (House), 125,
648 ; illusts., 146, 538. An-
tiquities, Prehistoric, Roman,
Saxon, List of, 164—174.
Barrows, 376; In Vespasian’s
Camp, opened 1770, acct. of, 115;
Long Barrows, 382— 384, 408:
Twin Barrows, 168. Church,
Font é& Screen replaced, illusts.,
124, Illusts., 147 Persons,
see Merchant, Thos,
Amesbury West, Chambered Long
Barrow, destroyed, 408.
Earthworks, 173. Penning,
166.
Amoore, Richd., 614.
Ampfield (Hants), 647.
Andover, Priory, goods in King’s
hands, 49.
Andrew, John, 601.; W. J., note,
hanes Hen., 625; John, 612;
Steph., 611; Thos., 626.
Angell, Will. , port., 142,
Angliss, W. B., port., 535.
Angouléme, Charles of, D. of Or-
leans, 567.
Anian, Bp. of Bangor, Indulgence,
Ai. IL, Bp. of St. Asaph,
19; Indulgence, 24.
Animals’ bones, Avebury, 14; Cas-
terley, 104; lLiddington, 581;
Winterbourne Monkton, 109.
Bos longifrons in Long Barrows,
383, 384, 391, 392, 403. Dog’s
tooth perforated, 104, (fig.)
Red Deer antlers, Casterley, 78 ;
Marlborough Castle Mound, 112.
See also List of Prehistoric,
Roman, Saxon Antiquities, 153
—378.
Annerley. Edm., 612.
Ann’s Copse (Cholderton), 225.
Anstie, Anne, 433. Miss B.,
gift, 542, John, 525.
Will., 433.
Ansty, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, Saxon, List of, 174,
Long Barrow, Whitesheet Hill,
described, 384. Subsidy, list
of Names & Recusants, 595, 624.
Antiquaries, Soe. of, gift, 8.
Antiquities of Wilts, Rev. E. H.
Goddard reads on, 443. Pre-
historic, Roman, Saxon, List
of, 153—378.
Antrim, John, 606.
Antrobus, Lt. Edm., obit., 648 ; Sir
Edm., 648,
Apostles, St. Paul included in
medizeval sculpture, 480.
Aragon, King of, arms, 125.
Archard, John, 624.
Archer, Archie, port., 144.
David, 116; Lt.-Col. David, obit.,
116. H. G., Writings, 136.
John, 116. Marg., 116.
Maud, 116.
Architecture, cause of divergence
in the styles on Continent and in
England, 442.
Armour, G. D., drawings by, 533,
539: port., 535.
Arn Hill (Warminster), Barrows,
338; Long Barrow, described,
404; Camp, 340.
Arnold, Mr., 438.
Arnold-Forster, Mrs.,
141.
Arthur, Edm., hermit, 31.
Arundel, Lord, 627. T., Archbp.,
of Cant., 21, 33; Indulgence, 31.
Will., 594, 619.
Ashburie, Thomas, 623.
Ashby, Dr. T., 114.
Ashdown, Battle of, 133.
Asher, Chr., 575.
Ashley (N. Wilts), Barrow, 377.
Fosse Way, 175.
mae Down (Shalbourne) Ditch,
xe Wood (Tisbury) Down,
Camp, 332.
Chios Lady, 615. Rob., 601.
“ Ashlyes Coopers” (Damerham),
591, 613.
Ashmolean Museum, Wilts objects,
217, 225, 357, 370.
Rich.. 629.
Writings,
Ashmore (Dors. ), 333. Barrows,
240.
Ashton Keynes, Church, art. on
noticed, 530. Church Farm,
Moat, 175. Cove House
Estate, Sale, illusts., 136.
Cross, illust., 530. Dairy
Farm, illust., 136. Earth-
works, 175. Kent End Farm
illust., 136. Manor Farm’
illust., 136. North End Farm
illust.,136. | Old Manor Farm’,
INDEX TO VOL, XXXVIII. 653
illust., 136.
illust., 136
Ashton Valley (Codford), Barrows,
228.
Asser, Bp. of Sherborne, 561.
Athelney (Som.), Alfred at, 513.
Athelstan (King), benefaction to
Malmesbury, 459.
Atkins (Widow), 620.
Atkinson, John, port., 142.
Atworth, illust., 538. Property,
descent of, 48. Roman coins,
Road and Wansdyke, 175.
Atworth, Cotels, descent of, 49.
Atworth, Great, property, 50.
Audley [Audeleye] Edm., Bp. of
Salisbury, Chapel in Cathedral,
569; grants indulgence, 33.
Nich., 49.
Aughton Down (Collingbourne),
Earthwork, 235.
Augustine, St., meets British Bps.
at Gospel Oak, 523, 633.
Aust, meeting place of Augustine
and British Bps., 633.
Ave Bell, to be no longer tolled, 20.
Aves to be recited at Curfew
and Day hell, 21, 33.
Avebury, 109. Age of, 437;
Bearing of interment at Long:
stone Cove on, 4. Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, Saxon, 175
—186. Art. on, noticed, 129,
Barrows, 377 Long Barrows
not identified, 380; Long Barrows
destroyed, 410; Twin Barrow,
411. Beckhampton Avenue,
1 ; evidence for existence of, 182.
Bronze brooch, 540.
Centre of trackways, 529.
Church, Clerestory Windows,
Saxon or Norman? 437.
Ditch, probable date, 182, 183.
Excavations, 1914, 548, 552,
638 ; List of Subscriptions, 638.
Kennet Avenue, 129 ;
buried Stone, Mrs. M. E.
Cunnington on, 12—14 ;
course of, Rev. W. 6 Lukis on,
11: Fallen stone, date of fall
doubtful, 9—11; Fallen stone,
re- erected, Ue "182, 450; signs
of interment under stone, ‘12, 13.
Land bought by Sir J. Lub-
bock, 122. Longstone Cove,
1, 384 ; Excavation of Interment
at foot of fallen stone, 13, 450;
Waterbury Farm,
Mrs. M. E. Cunnington on,
2—7, jigs.; Fall of stone, 1911,
2, 182; Number of stones for-
merly, Rey. W. C. Lukis on, 1;
Re-erection of stone, 182.
Longstone Long Barrow de-
scribed, 384. Manor House,
visited, 437. Persons, see
Brown, Geo. ; Butler, Mr. ; Cole-
man, Will.; Griffin, Hen. &Thos, ;
Jenner, Capt.; Kemm, Mr, ; Par-
sons, Mr. Pits, near, Late
Celtic Pottery, 86. Plans of,
by Rev. W. C. Lukis, 11. Red
Lion Inn, 437. Re-erection
of two fallen stones and
discovery ofinterment with
Drinking Cup, Mrs. M. E.
Cunnington on, 1—11. jigs.;
Cost and List of Subscriptions,
8, 9, 449, 450. Ridgeway, 138.
Stone Circles and Avenues,
short description, 181—183; Ring
Stone, -181. Stone Circle
near Wayden Penning, 183.
Stone Circle S. of Silbury, 183.
Visited, 436, 437. Waden
Hill, 176. Windmill Ball, 10,
12; Barrow on, destroyed, 12 ;
Dwelling Pitt, described, 14.
Windmill Hill, Barrows, 179:
Earthworks, 183; Flint factory,
184.
Avebury, Lord, 437. Gift, 9.
Death and Obit., 121, 448.
Avon Bridge, Maud Heath’s
Causey, illust., 136. River,
70, 458 ; Saxon Boundary, 512.
Vale Hounds, illusts., 144,
146. Valley, Cobbett’s Ride,
133.
Avon, Will., apparition of, 525.
Awbrey, Will., owns Chadenwych,
590.
Awadry, 2nd Lieut. C. E. V., Obit.,
647. C.5., gift, 9, 631.
Rev. Vere, 647.
Awst, Anth , 38.
Axe River,Roman Rd. to, from Old
Sarum, 326.
Axford (Ramsbury), British silver
coin, 637.
Aylesbury, Dinosaurian remains,
J06.
Aylesbury, Thos., 589
Aylesford. (Kent), Late Celtic ob-
jects, 311.
654 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII.
Ayliffe, John, 522.
Aylwater Bridge, see Salisbury,
Harnham Bridge.
Ayscough, John, ene 141, 533.
Baberstocke, Will, 623
Backon (Widow), 606.
Bacon, T., 36.
Badbury, 520. Camp=Lid-
dington Castle, 280. Court
Leet, 521. Plough Inn, 521.
Roman Coins, 338.
Badbury (Berks), Camp, 576.
Badbury (Vors.), Roman Road to
Old Sarum, 326.
Badger Copse (Clyffe Pypard), Bar-
row, 227.
Badgers, 144, 635.
Badminton Park, 281.
372.
Bailey, Capt., restores Sheldon
Manor, 516. G. 36. Rev.
x. W., Obit., 508. See also
Bayley.
Bailie, John, 613.
Bailleul, Jocelin de, gives Relics to
Sarum Cathedral, 566.
Baker, A., writings, 522. Frank,
Railway,
port., 143. Hen. 503, 617.
John, 611, Misses, gift,
542, Sir Thos., 498.
T. H.. Obit. & Bibliography,
503, 504, 546; Writings, 131, 139,
542. Will., 611, 619.
Balance for weighing Guineas, 541.
Baldock, Ralph de, Bp. of London,
Indulgence, &., 27, 28.
Balfour, A. J., 123.
Ball, John, 611. Steph., 607.
Thos., 575.
Ball, alzas Rogers, Geo. 608.
John, 599, 608.
Ballard’s Copse (Ramsbury), 312.
Baltic Farm (Bishops Cannings),
Barrows, 197, 199.
Baltic to Britain, Prehistoric trade
route, 644.
Bancks, John, 574.
Banded Mail, eft gy, Tollard Royal,
554,
Banister, Geo., 621, eae aug asper,
599, 609. Nich.,
Rob. (1. & IT.), 599, aes Sie 607,
608, 610. Thos., 599, 609,
Banninge, John, will of, 131.
Barber, Rev. Rob., and Rebecca,
500
Barbury Castle Camp, 301, 520,
576. Barrows, 309, 373.
Described, 373. Earthworks
near, 374. Farm, 301 ; Brit.
Village, 302. Roman bow
brooch, 874; Inscribed spoon,
ae Treasure trove, 1445,
532,
Barclay, Edgar, Paintings of Stone-
henge by, given to Salisbury,
110, 449.
Bardney Abbey, 492.
Barfild, John, 609.
Barford St. Martin, Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, Saxon, List
of, 187. Ditch, 355.
Barker's Hill (Donhead) Flint im-
plements, 241.
Barley, (Widow), 607.
Barlow, Mrs., 600, 610.
Barnack(Northants)Saxon Church,
452,
Barnard, Rich., 609. Will., 600,
606, 609.
Barnes, Chas., 600, C. J., port.,
142. Grace, 600. Hannibal,
624. E]iz., 6u0. Job., 633.
Mary, 600, Rob., 600,
606. Walt., 605. — Will., 605.
Barnetts Barn (Broad Chalke),
Ditch, 212.
Barns, see Bradford-on-Avon.
Baron, Chr., 608. Helen, 599.
Lionel, 599. Will., 599,
607.
Barons, Rob., 612.
Barowe, Agnes, 20.
Barrett, Cornelius, 628. Edm.,
628. John, 609, 617.
Thos., 629.
Barrow ‘Copse (Overton), 306.
Barrow End (Lyneham), 282.
Barrow field (Mildenhall), 288.
Barrow pleck (Rushmore), 191.
Barrow Street, Farm (Mere), 287.
Lane (W. Knoyle), 275.
Barrows. Arranged in lines and
as sign posts along roads, 529.
Contents of, see List of Pre-
pptere _Antiquities, 153—378.
Disc-shaped, see List of
Prehistoric Antiqs , 1583—378.
Family Burial Places, 362.
In Wilts, List of, arranged
under parishes, 153—378 ;
marked on 6-inch Ordnance
Maps, 546.
Barrows, Long, Bones interred after
Thos., 609.
INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII. 655d
removal of flesh and in confusion,
403, 409 ; Bones mixed with
“mortar,” 400 ; skulls cleft, 403.
Chambered, see Chippenham,
Lanhill ; Devil’s Den; Kennett,
West ; "Luckington ; Manton ;
Mill Barrow ; Nettleton ; Pre-
shute; Temple; Tidcombe, &c.
Characteristics of, 380.
Dry Walling in, 382, 385.
Flints imbedded in “ Mortar,”
407. Formerly existing, now
destroyed, List of, 408—412 ;
Mentioned by Stukeley, 410,
411. List of Long Bar-
rows in Wilts, by Mrs. M.
E. Cunnington, 379—414.
Number of, in Wilts, 378,
379. Orientation of, 414.
Pottery in, W. Kennett, 385.
Stone on top of, 404 : Stones
round, 167, 360, 398.
Barrows, Pond, 347, 353. 368.
Round, near Stonehenge, age of,
643 ; Total number in Wilts, 378.
Tree Coffinsin, 362. ‘Triple,
Amesbury, 171; Baltic Farm,
197. Twin, 345, 349; Ave-
bury, 178, 411. See also Ald-
bourne ; Hackpen Hill ; Knowle
Farm ; Shalbourne; Upton Lo-
vell; Vespasian’s Camp.
Barry, Sir Chas., work at, Bowood,
7.
Bartelot, Rev. R. G., transcription,
128.
Barter, James, 617. Rog., 600
Thos., 608. (Widow),
595.
Bartlett, John, will of, printed,
BPE Mr., ‘excavations, 303.
Barton Down (Preshute) Brit.
village, 311.
Basing, battle of, 133.
Basset Down, 520. Roman
poery, 282,540 ; Rubbish heap,
KE. H. Goddard on, note,
635. Saxon Interments, 282.
Bath, 508, 522, 576, 645. Mus.
eum, Wilts objects, 341. Rom.
__ Rd. to Cunetio, 203.
Bath ae Wells, Bp. of, Indul-
gence
Bath Tile. (Redlynch), Barrows,
312.
Bath, Marquis of, 108 ; port , 144.
Bathampton (Som.) Camp, 293.
3athurst shield illust., 538.
Bathurst, Clare E., 502. Sir F.
H., 502.
Bats discovered by G. Montagu,
516.
Batt, Mich., 604, 611, 612 618,
Battlesbury Camp, 404. Age
of, 442. Barrow, 339.
Described, 340. Tilust., 124.
Visited, 442.
Batts Meadow (KE. Grafton), ditch
and interment, 260, 261.
Baverstock, Antiquities, Prehis-
toric, Roman, Saxon, List of,
187. Birds from, 148.
Persons, see Goddard, C.V.(Rec-
tor). Rom. Rd., 261.
Bax, Clifford, writings, 135.
Baycliff (Horningsham), 281.
Brit. village, 267.
Baydon, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, Saxon, List of, 187.
Baylie, And., 612. Edw., 617.
John, 601, 612. Marg., 612.
Rich , 600, 605. Thos.,
603, 616.
Baynton (Coulston), Down, 250.
Rom. Coins, 237.
Baynton fam. estates forfeited, 432.
Own Bromham, 432.
And., 432; Sir And., 214,
Anne, 433. Sir Edw., 432 ;
acquires Bromham and Chippen-
ham, 433; Malmesbury Abbey
committed to custody of, 463,
494, 496.
Bazaar Valley, Expedition, 498.
Beach, Anne Hicks, 441. Mich.,
603, 617. Mich, Hicks, 441.
Will., 441, 617.
Beach’s Barn (Fittleton), 409.
Barrows & Ditch, 256—258.,
Brit. village, 251.
Beacon Hill (Bulfor d), Antiquities,
218. Barrows, 217.
Beacon Hill Copse, 170.
Beads, Bone, 157. Bronze Age,
ribbed, identical with Egyptian,
644. Cylindrical, notched,
Glass, from Wilts Barrows, of
Egyptian origin, 444,551 ; Prof.
Sayce and H. R. Hall on
Age of, 643—645. Shell,
157.
Beanacre( Melksham), Church built,
127. Estate Sale Particulars,
524, Halfway House, illust.,
656 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII,
524, Manor Farm, 17th
Cent., front and fireplace, illusts.,
524, 539. Manor House, 15th
Cent., illust., 524. Persons,
see Nash, J. Westlands Farm,
illust., 524.
Beauchamp, Anne, 126. Bishop,
Chantry in Salisbury Cathedral
destroyed,565. Family, arms,
126, 488.
Beaven, E. C., gift, 9. H. W.,
port., 536. James, port., 535.
Beaver, teeth in barrow, 362.
Beckford, Will., origin of Vathek,
Art. on, noticed, 141,
Beckhampton, 633. Avenue,
see Avebury. Barrows, 176,
201, 202, 377; Long Barrow, 384,
411; seealso Avebury. Bronze
Buckle, 109, 111, jig. Ciner-
rary Urns, 181. Incense Cup,
582. Late Celtic chape of
dagger, 109, 111, fig. Long-
stone Cove, see ‘Avebury.
Longstone Long Barrow, de-
scribed, 384. Penning barn,
176. Pit dwelling, 185.
Roman interment, aul Tron
Key, 109, 111 (fig eal
Bed and Bolster’ field (Bradford),
Earthworks, 208.
Bedborow, Leonard, 617.
Beddoe, Dr. J., on Human
Remains at Casterley, 94
—97.
Bedwyn, Great, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, Saxon, List of,
188. See also Marten.
Bedwyn, Little, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, Saxon, List of
188. Tllust., 589. Wans-
dyke, 319. ‘See also Knowle.
Beechingstoke, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, Saxon, List of,
189.
Beehives, Jars with holes used as,
100.
Bell, Clive (A. C. Bell, of Seend),
writings, 141, 5383. Elsie
Lorna H., port., 536. Eliz.,
118. Geo., 117. Canon
Geo. C., obit., 117. Rey. G.
M., 118. Olive D., 118.
W. Heward, 141, 443 ; Gifts, 8,
149, 631, 638 ; Loan to Society,
448 ; Pres. of Wilts. Arch. Soc.,
435, "545, 546.
Bell founders, see Burrough,James.
Mears. Willis, John.
Bellinge, Hen., 608. John, 609.
Bells, Church, Danger of injury by
bellhanging firms, 548. An-
gelus, The, origin of, 21. Cur-
few, indulgence for praying at,
31. Day Bell, 21 ; Indulgence
for praying at, 31. Gabriel
bell, 21. Pardon, or Ave bell, —
injunction against, 20, 33.
Rung to drive thunder away,
473. St. Aldhelm’s at Malmes-
bury, 473. See Bishops Can-
nings ; Devizes St. Mary’s; En-'
ford; Melksham.
Bemerton, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, Saxon, List of, 189.
Registers printed, 128. Rom.
d., 262.
Bemont, Will., 627.
Benet, Miss, of Norton Ho., Ex-
cavations, 296.
Bennett, Eliz., 598. John, Bp.
of Cloyne, writings, 138.
Thos., 591—593, #P oe 620,
623, 629. Will.,
Benson, Will., 575.
Benson’s Folly (Newton Tony),296.
Benton, P., gift, 631.
Berenger, Raimond IV., arms of,
125.
Berkeley, arms, 489.
Berlegh, Reynold de, 50.
Bermondsey, 501.
Bernardi, paintings at Chichester
Cathedral, 569.
Berners, Will., 497.
Berry, Rich., 616. V. I., port.,142.
Berwick Basset, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, Saxon, List of,
190. Persons, see Nalder, J.
Berwick St. James, Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, Saxon, List
of, 190. Ditch, 369.
Berwick St. John, 384, An-
tiquities, Prehistoric, Roman,
Saxon, List of, 190—194.
Barrows, 333. Bronze Spear-
heads, 636.
Berwick St. Leonard, Antiquities, —
Prehistoric, Roman, Saxon, List —
of, 194. "Manor Ho., removed ~
to Little Ridge, 127, 128,
Persons, see Aylesbury, Thos.,
(Vicar). Subsidy Lists of
Names, 597, 622.
INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII. 657
Best, Elias, 628. John (I. & II.),
624. Rob., 624, 595.
Solomon, 575. Widow, 610.
Bethune, Augusta, 500. Col.
Drinkwater, 500.
Betterton, John and Rob., 574.
Bevir, Harry, obit., 506, 507.
H. L., 507. W. L., 506.
Bibliography, see Baker, T. H.
Bickley, 501.
Bidcombe Hill, 211, 411.
Biddestone, Bushy Barrow, 195.
New Graveyard, illust., 539.
Biddlecombe [ Biddlescombe],
James, 568, 571.
Biggs, Mr., 323.
Bigley Buildings (Ebbesbourne),
249
Bigod, Rog., 4th E. of Norf., arms
of, 126.
Bilbury Rings (Wylye Camp), des-
cribed, 374.
Bingham, Rob., Bp. of Salisbury,
builds Harnham Bridge and St.
John’s Chapel, 19. Prayers
for, 24.
Binknoll Camp, 192, 282, 576.
Described, 213.
Birds, see Bohemian Waxwing;
Brambling ; Bullfinch ; Cross-
bill; Cuckoo; Dotterel; Dun-
lin; Goatsucker; Goose; Grebe,
Great Crested ; Gull; Oriole;
Owl, Little; Partridge, Red
Legged ; Red Throated Diver ;
Redshank; Redstart, Black;
Ring Ouzel; Yellowshank. See
also Morres, Rev. A. P. collection.
Birds Heath (Shalbourne), 319.
Bishop, Thos., 614. Will., 599,
608.
Bishops Cannings, 130. . Antiq-
uities,Prehi toric, Roman,Saxon,
List of, 195— -203. Church,
Bells, account of, 133; Visited,
457. Kaston Down, Long
Barrow described, 386. Hut
Circles, see Shepherd’s Shore.
Long Barrow described,386 ; now
destroyed, 386, 408. Persons,
see Combes, A. J.; Katwell, Will. ;
Ferrabe, Geo. (Vicar) ; Mogg, H.
Vicar; Pottenger, J. H.; Sloper,
Thos. Register pub., 149.
Roughridge Hill, Barrowss, 200.
Bishopstone (N. Wilts), 520.
Ancient Rd., 1388. Curfew,
VOL. XXXVITI.—NO. CXXII.
521. Hocker Bench, 521.
Ridgeway and Earthworks, 204.
Watercress beds, 521.
Bishopstone(S. Wilts), Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, Saxon, List
of, 204, 205. Church, illust.,
536. Persons, see Lear, Arch-
deacon F. (Rector).
Bishopstone(Sussex)SaxonChurch,
452
Bishopstrow, Antiquities, Prehis-
toric, Roman, Saxon, List of,
205. Ditch, 340. House,
Barrow, 205; King Barrow,
described, 404. Long Barrow,
Saxon interments, 340. Per-
sons, see Grannt, Will.
Bisse, Laurence, 594. Will., 618.
Bitton, Will. de, Bp. of Bath &
Wells, 24.
Black Field (Mildenhall) Roman
Settlement, 288.
Black Heath (Mere), 501. Bar-
row, 286.
Blackland, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, Saxon, List of, see Calne
Without. Hollow, 197.
Park, 647.
Blackland (Norton Bavant), Rom.
remains, 298.
Blackmore, Dr. H. P., finds Koliths,
159, 278; finds Paleoliths, 189 ;
Note, 642.
Blackmore Museum, see Salisbury.
Bladder Campion shows line of old
ditch, 65.
Blake, Chas., 601, 611. Hannah,
centenarian, port., 143. Rev.
J. EH. H., gift, 9.
Blanchard fam., 519.
Blandford (Dors.) visited, 553.
Blandford | Blanford] Barnard, 602,
616. John, 603, 515.
Blewbury (Berks), Icknield or
Portway, 138.
Blisset, Obadiah, 38.
Blockelegh, 24.
Blocksidge, Owen and E., 434.
Blois, Chateau, Architecture, 431.
Bloodfield (Chute),interments, 226.
Blount, John & Marg., 519.
Blow, Detmar, work of, 127.
Blunsdon Castle Hill Camp, 576.
Blunsdon St. Andrew, Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, Saxon, List
of, 206. Manor, descent of
130, 131.
2X
658 INDEX TO
Blyth, Bp. of Salisbury, Monument
in Cathedral, 561.
Boars Bottom, 211.
293.
Bodenham, see Nunton.
Bodington, Archdeacon E. J.,
writings, 141, 534.
Benes Waxwing at Braydon,
2,
Bohun, Bp. de, 566.
Bokerly Dyke, 99, 380. Course
of, 206. Age and Object of,
512—515.
Bolingbroke, Henry St. John,
Viscount, 132.
Bolton, Thos. and Susanna, 118.
Bond, Will., 630.
Bone Objects, Apple Scoop, 540.
Beads, notched, 645.
Button, 76. Chisel, 409.
Comb, 161. Counter, (jig.) 98.
Implements, &e., 99 (jig.),
106 (fig.). 109, 111 (jfig.)
Tweezers from Barrows, 157.
Wrist guard, 234,297. See also
Antiquities, Prehistoric, Roman,
Saxon, List of, 153—378.
Boniface, Archbishop, 23.
Boomer, Rich., 574.
Borden, Jerome, 630.
Boreham King Barrow, 340.
Long Barrow described, 404.
See also Bishopstrow.
Borne, John, 52.
Boroughbridge, battle of, 519.
Bos longifrons, see Animals’ bones.
Bosanquet, Miss, gift, 631.
Boscombe, Barrows, 296. Ditch,
370. Portway, line of, 206.
Bosworth, Clara, and Thos. H.,
120.
Botany, see Orchis hircina.
Botley, Great, Copse (Shalbourne),
Barrow, 187, 260; opened, 636.
Ditch, 319. Long Barrow,
319, 398. Rom. settlements,
Barrow,
187.
Bottles Hill (Stourton) Pen Pits,
324.
Bourne, Canon, gift,631. John,51.
Bournebottom Clump, barrow, 253.
Bournemouth, 116.
Bouverie Penning (Pewsey), 306.
Bouverie, Miss Pleydell, gifts, 9,
149, 541.
Bowden Hill, Conduit House(ig.),
428, 429,
VOL. XXXVIII,
Bowen, Thos., 610.
Bower, Ann, 628. Basil, 599.
Edith, 598, 629. Rob., 627.
Thos., 598, 599, 607, 629.
Widow, 607.
Bowerchalke, Antiquities, Prehis-
toric, Roman, Saxon, List of,
206, 207. Persons, see Collett,
Edw. (Vicar). See also
Marleycombe Hill.
Bowl of Yellow Metal, Wilton,
355.
Bowles, Edm., 605. Edw., 623.
Hen. 620. Rich, 619.
Rob., 626. Will., 602, 615.
Bowles’ Barrow (Heytesbury), 263.
Long Barrow, described, 392.
Bowood, art. on, illust.,!noticed,517.
Adam’s Work, 517.
Chapel built, 517. Golden
Gateway built, 518. Tllusts.,
144, 539. Mausoleum built,
517. Original House, 518.
Rom. building, 220.
Box, Antiquities, Prehistoric, Ro-
man, Saxon, List of, 207.
Church, illust., 147.
Boxbury, or Foxbury (Yatesbury),
Rom. Coins, 376.
Boyd, C., writings, 528.
Boyd Dawkins, Prof., 581.
Boyter, Nich., 618.
Boyton. Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, Saxon, List of, 207—208.
Field Barn, 399. Manor
House, 128; illust., 124.
Registers printed, 128. See
also Corton.
Bracher, Annis, 619. Hen., 622.
John, 594, 596, 622.
Lawrence, 619. Sam., 594.
Tomson, 619, 621.
Bradon Forest, see Braydon.
Bradenstoke, “Clack Mount”
earthwork described, 282.
Rom. Coins, 282, See also
Lyneham.
Bradford, Rev. B. W., gift, 542.
M. M., gift, 631.
Bradford-on-Avon, 648. An-
tiquities, Prehistoric, Roman,
Saxon, List of, 208, 209.
Barton Barn, illust., 540; Pro-
posed Acquisition by Wilts Arch.
Soc., 549 ; visited, 452. Bel-
combe Court, hospitality, 455.
Church, Shrapnel Mont.,
INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII. 659
illust., 646. - Hall, The (King-
ston Ho.), illust., 522; restored,
1840, 452. Hermitage of St.
Andrew, Indulgence for Repair
of Chapel, 81. Ilusts., 146,
147, 527, 539. Manor given
to Abbess of Shaftesbury, 453.
Monastery founded by Al-
dhelm, 458, 459. Persons, see
Beaven, H. W.; Butt, Elias,
Collins, W. G.; Moulton, Jee
Pearce, "Mr. & Mrs. : Rich,Fred. ;
Richardsou, A. T. (Vicar),
Saxon Church, A. W. N.
Burder on, 452—455; Date
of discussed, 453 ; Tllust., 138 ;
used as Skull House, 453,
Surnames, art. on, noticed, 527.
Vicar, ordinance concerning,
1349, 532. Visited 452.
Bradley, Dean, at Marlborough,
525, 526. A. G., “Other
Days ” by, noticed, 525.
Bradley Lane (Maiden Bradley),
Rom. Rd. ? 284.
Bradley, North, Church, 120.
Rom. lead coffin, 208.
Bradley, Organ & Humphry’s,
Messrs., 47.
Brail Wood (Bedwyn) Rom. Villa,
gold ring, pavements, &c., 188.
Brakspear, H., 427, 4380, 434, 523.
Acts as ‘guide, 451, 452.
Excavations, 465. Gift, 649,
On SG ss Abbey,
458—497 ( figs.). On St
John’s Church, Devizes, 451.
Remarks, 455. Writings,
131.
Brakspear, iW. S.,
Brambling, in Wilts et.
Bratt, Thos., 595.
Bratton [Breton 1) 575. An-
tiquities, Prehistoric, Roman,
Saxon, List of, 209. Camp,
513 ; ‘Age of, 442; Described,
209. Church and Cottages,
illusts., 145. Court Ho., 209.
Long Barrow, 377, 380; de-
scribed, 387. Persons, see
Smith, W. J. Registers,
printed, 128.
Braundeston, Hen. de, Bp. of Salis-
bury, Indulgence, 25.
Bray, Mr., excavations, 376.
Nich., 49.
Braydon Forest, 633. Red
Lodge Woods, illust., 539.
Waxwing shot, 642.
Braydon Hook (S. Savernake),
Rom. Rd. to Old Sarum, 318.
Brayne, Rob., 607.
Breach Barton (Bishops Cannings)
Earthwork, 202.
Breakheart Hill (Chitterne), Ditch,
224,
Breamore (Hants), Barrows, 242.
Giant’s Grave, 380.
Grims Ditch, 512. Miz-
maze, 380, 511.
Bredon, John, 605.
Bremhill Church, art. on, noticed,
523. Maud Heath Causey,
art. on, noticed, 523; Column
on Wick Hill, illust., ise.
Persons, see Heath fa
Brentnall, H. C., on ene tane
in Marlborough Castle Mound,
112; writings, 517,
Brether, Will., 604.
Brethers, Hen, 610.
Bretherton, Edw. and Edith, 502.
Brett, Thos., 624.
Breuse, Will. de, Bp. of Llandaff,
Indulgence, 25,
Brewham Forest (Stourton), Brit.
Gold Coin, 324.
Brice, John, BD.
Brick Kiln Copse (liyneham),
Human Remains, 282.
Brickell, Geo., 608. Rich., 610.
Brickworth Park, 118. Persons,
see Hyre, J. M.; Nelson, Earl.
SS Indulgence for Repair of,
Bridze Chapels, see Salisbury
Be Bridge Chapel of St.
)
Bridges, Mich. ({. & II.), 575.
Bridgman, Orlando, old house at
Bowood, 518.
Bridmore Belt, 191.
Bridport, Giles de , Bp. of Salisbury,
19, 24; Indulgences, 23; Tomb
in ‘Cathedral, 20, 561, Simon
de, Treasurer of Sarum, 19, 24.
Bridsor (Tisbury), 532,
Briefs, see Codford St. Peter ; Long
Newnton.
Bright, Thos., 623.
Brighton Museum, Wilts objects,
198, 636.
Brightwell (Berks), 499,
Brigmerston, 289. Antiquities,
YD Se BD
660 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII.
Barrows and
Long Barrow
see Milston.
Ditch, 254, 255.
described, 394.
Brigstock (Northants) Church.
Saxon work, 452.
Brill (Bucks), 117.
Brimsdown Hill, Barrows,272, 283.
Brinkworth, art. on, noticed, 522,
Church, Jacobean Pulpit,
523. Persons, see Ayliffe.
John; Crispe, Tobias Reston) :
Trebrett, John and W
Property of Molcesbiey ‘Abbey,
463, 496.
Been s Mill(Charlton,Donhead),
628
Bristol, Cathedral, Oven for baking
Wafers, 524 ; Rebus, 532,
Trade Gilds, 573.
Bristol, Bp. of, see Browne, G. F.
Bristol, Thos., Abbot of Malmes-
bury, initials on tiles, 490.
Britford. Persons, see Morres, A.
P. (Vicar); Woodall, T. J. (Vicar).
Registers pubd., 505.
British Coins, see Coins.
British Museum, Wilts objects, 42,
99, 217, 239, 253, 255, 266, 291,
305, 316, 317, 3382, 334, 349, 353.
356, 373, 406. See also List of
Antiquities, 153—378.
British Villages, & Roman Settle-
ments ; on Downs, 56; Age of
85, 154, 530 5 Ditches for drain-
age, 62. Sites of, at, Alve-
diston, 164 ; Ansty,174 ; Beach’s
Barn (Fittleton), 258; Berwick
St. James, 190; Berwick St.
Leonard, 194, 195: Bishopstrow,
205 ; Bowerchalke, 206, 207 ;
Broad Chalke, 212 : Bulford,
218; Casterley, 645; Chalcot
House, 239; Cheverell, Little,
222; Chickengrove, 212; . Chil-
finch Hill, 194, 195 ; Chicklade,
222, 223; Chitterne All Saints,
9924; Codford, 228; Colling-
bourne Kingston, 235; Combe
Hill (Enford), 251 ; Covingham
Farm, 45, 280, 338; Durnford,
242, 354 ; Easton Hill, 249 ; Fox-
ley, 249; Glory Ann, 356 ; Gran-
ham Hill, 311; Grovely, 55;
Ham (Hey wood),264 ; Hamshill
Ditches, 187; Heale Hill, 372 ;
Heddington Wick, 268; His-
omley, 239; Honey Street, 162 ;
Huish Hill, 267, 342; Imber,
269, 270 ; Knook, 104,393; Lav-
ington, West, 270; Nythe (Wan-
borough, 45: Orcheston, 303 ;
Pantawick (N. Savernake), 317,
318 ; Pewsey Gorse, 307 ; Pitton,
357 ; Ranmscombe Bottom (Cals-
tone), 219, 220; Robin Hood
Ball, 255, 256; Rotherley, 56 ;
90, 194 ; Round Hill Down, 158,
302, 303; Rushall, 221 ; Sarum,
Old, 645 ; Silbury, 186; Snail
Down, 235; Stockton, 55;
Truckle Hill, nr. Wraxall, 373 ;
Upham, Upper, 159; Upton
Lovell, 336 ; Wanborough,
Lower, 45; White Walls, 249;
Winterbourne Monkton, 361;
WinterbourneStoke,369 ; Wood-
cuts (Dors.), 90 ; Woodyates
(Dors.), 90, 104. See also
List of Antiquities, 153—378.
Brixton Deverill, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, Saxon, List of,
209—211. Long Barrows
described, 887; destroyed, 408.
Persons, see Lyveden, J.
Broad Chalke, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, Saxon, List of,
211. Persons, see Grove,W. ;
Registers, 140. See also
Knighton Hill.
Broad Hinton, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, Saxon, List of,
212, 213. Illust., 538.
Persons,see Awdry, Vere( Vicar) ;
Humphries, I. ; Horton, Mr.
Broad Street (Beechingstoke),
Course of Ridgeway, 189.
Broad Town, Barrow, 213.
Illust., 147.
Broadbury Banks, Camp, 228, 248,
285, 337; described, 342.
Brockway, John, 598, 628.
Broken Cross (Laverstock ?), 278.
Brokenberg, Edm., 519. John
de, 519. Ralph, 519.
Brokenborough Church, oven for
baking wafers, 524; art. on,
noticed, 524, Barn, 524,
Romain Remains & Road, 213,
458.
Bromfield, Leolin de, Bp. of St.
Asaph, Indulgence, 26.
Bromham, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, ‘Saxon, List of, 213—215.
Church,art.on, noticed, 134;
INDEX TO VOL, XXXVIII. 661
Churchyard Cross to T. Moore,
illust., 134. History of, type
written, 1913, 542. House,
old, built of stone from Devizes
Castle, burnt, 433; Gate House,
remains at Spye Park, 483.
Sharington’s work, 428.
Houses, old, 542. Long Bar.
row, destroyed, 408. Lord
Seymour’s House at, Rev.
W. G. Clark-Maxwell on,
_432—434. Manor, Baynton
property, 432, 433. Persons,
see Baynton fam. Registers
transcribed, 542. Roman
Villa excavated by J. 8.
Money, 1840, acct. of, 638
—640. Tom Moore, art. on,
noticed, 134.
Bromley, Little (Essex), 116.
Bronze Age, date of in Britain, 645.
Gold Ornaments in Museum
copied, 646. Interments :
Smeeth Ridge, 587, 588 ; without
barrows, Swindon, 44. See also
List of Antiquities, 153—378.
Bronze Age Pottery. Cinerary
Urns, Knowle Farm, 641.
Drinking Cup replaces “ Food
Vessel” proper in Wilts, 585, 588 ;
with white filling in ornament,
W. Kennett, 582. Food
Vessels, Upton Lovell, 586, 587 ;
West Woods, 585 (jiy.).
Incense Cups, Aldbourne, 582 ;
Beckhampton, 582. Of Food
Vessel Type, A.D. Passmore
on, 585—588 ( figs.) See
also List of Antiquities, 153—
378.
Bronze Objects. Awls: Liddington:
580, 581, 584( fig.) ; Shalbourne,
636 ; Wick, 302. Bracelet,
broad, 168. Brooch, penan-
ular, 5th cent., Oldbury, 222.
Buckle, 12th cent., Beckhampton,
109, 111 (jig.). Celt, winged,
Sidbury, 115. Daggers :
Amesbury, Vespasian’s Camp
barrows, 115; melted by funeral
fire, Wilsford, 351. Founder’s
hoard, Donhead, 141. Gouge,
socketed, 158. Knife, Beck-
hampton, 385. Mace Head,
Bedwyn, 188. Palstave,
Chilmark, 637. Pin, Ames-
bury, 115; Ring headed pin,
Shepherd’s Shore, 203.
Rings, finger? Lake, 353.
Rivet, Shalbourne, 636.
Spear Heads, socketed, looped,
said to have been found in Bar-
row, 165; at Berwick St. John,
636; Knowle Farm, 540, 636 ;
Lavington, 686; Rushmore, 636.
Sickle, socketed looped, Win-
terbourne Monkton, 361.
Torques, Lake, 353.
Brook, J. W., Wilts objects in his
collection, 158, 159, 174, 180, 184,
185, 187—189, 213, 223, 259, 267,
985, 302, 303, 310, 317—319, 361,
374, Excavations, 186, 302,
311. Gift, 148,
Broome Farm (Swindon), Standing
stones, 46, 328.
Broomsgrove (Milton Lilbourne),
Rom.-Brit. Kilns & Pottery, 88,
292.
Broughton Gifford, Church, and
Manor Ho., Notes on, noticed,
135. Persons, see Bax, Clif-
ford; Davis, Roland (Vicar).
Roman settlement and in-
terments, 215, 377
Brown, Geo., 7, 11; gift, 107.
W., 180.
Brown, alzas Weare, Rich., 35.
Brownberd, J., 37.
Browne, Edw., 615. Fras. (1. &
II.), 575. Hen., 180.
G. F., Bp. of Bristol, 465, 494,
523 ; on meeting place of Aug-
ustine and British Bishops, 638 ;
writings, 526. Rob., 604.
Will., 612.
Browninge, Will., 626.
Brawn’s Barn (Bishops Cannings),
excavations in Wansdyke, 202.
Brown’s Wood (Semley), 318.
Bruce, Thos., Ld. Ailesbury, port.,
Doo.
Brugge, Peter de, 49.
Bruton (Som.) Church, 481.
Bryant, T’., 38.
Brynards Hill (Wootton Bassett),
mound excavated, 372.
Buckeridge, G. H., port., 535.
Buckland Newton (Dors.), 590.
Buckler, Mr., 640. Eaw., 611.
John, drawings of Wilts
Antiquities sold 1913, 634.
Bugler Wood (Sutton Veny),
327.
662 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII.
Bucknall-Estcourt, Rev. E. H., and
Isabella E., 116.
Buckner, Mr., 615. Will., 589,
614.
Budbury (Bradford-on-Avon)Rom.
Coins, 208.
Budden, Chr., 602, 613, 614.
John, 601, 602, 613, 614.
Budeclega=Butleigh (Som.), 513.
Bugden, Kdm., 626. Marion,
627. Rob., 627.
Bugley Farm, 536.
Bulford, 395. Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, Saxon, List of,
215—218. Iron Spearhead,
637. Long Barrow, described,
387. Penning, barrows, 215.
Bullfinches, paid for by Church-
wardens, 127.
Bullock, George, 499.
Bunce, Will., 641.
Bunn, Will, 610.
Bunter, Rob., 629.
626, 629.
Bupton (Clyffe Pypard), Greek
Coin, 227.
Burbage, 135. Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, Saxon, List
of, 218. Persons, see Banninge,
John.
Burbedge, John, 604.
Burcombe, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, Saxon, List of, 218.
Iron Arrowhead, 540. Per-
sons, see Shergold, Thos. ; Watts,
Thos., 598,
Geo.
Burden [Burdon], John, 598, 627.
Lawrence, 598, 626, 629.
Rog., 598, 628. Thos., 598,-627.
Burder, A. W. N., gift, 631, 638;
hospitality, 455 ; notes, 135, 549,
550; On Saxon Church,
Bradford, 452—455.
Burderop, 520, 536. Ox Teams,
521.
Burges, 2nd Lieut. KE. L. A. H.,
obit., 648. Rev. J. Hart, D.D.,
648.
Buries, The (Bishopstrow), Rom.
Settlement, 205.
Burleton, Will, 598, 627.
Burnell, Rob., Bp. of Bath & Wells,
Indulgence, 24.
Burroughs Hill (Laverstock) Bar-
rows, 278.
Burroughs, James, bell founder,
133.
Burt, Thos., 628.
Burton Farm (Mere) Barrow, 286.
Burton, Jos., 623, 624. Marg.,
SY, Thos., 52. Widow,
624. Will, Abbot of St.
Augustine’s, Bristol, 532.
Sir Will., 52.
Burwell (Cambs.), 122.
Bury Blunsdon Camp, 206.
Bury Hill Camp (Purton), 311, 576.
Bury Hill (Redlynch) barrows, 312.
Bury Wood Camp (Colerne) de-
scribed, 229.
Burytown (Blunsdon) Camp, 206.
Bush, Mr., 378. James, port.,
536. T. S., gifts, 149.
Bush Barrow (Wilsford) described,
344, La Tene I. brooch found
near, 354.
Bushcombe Bottom, Earthworks,
210.
Bushe Fox, Mr., 83,
Bushell, John, 603. Rev. W.
Done on Stonehenge, 444.
Bushey Marsh Farm (Chittoe), 225.
Bustard Inn, 125, 255, Earth-
works and barrows near, 320, 321.
Butcher, W. H., reads on Devizes
Castle, 451.
Bute, Lord, 517.
Butleigh (Som.), site of Avcglea ?
018, 514.
Butler, Mr. H., 11.
Will., 618.
Butmir (Bosnia), Neolithic pottery,
581.
Butt, Elias and Mrs., ports., 535.
John, 613. Will, 595, 624.
Buttermere Barrow and ditches,
219, 261, 319.
Buttes, John, 607.
Button fam., 519; own Compton
Comberwell, 532. Sir Rob.,
519. Will, 519. Sir Will.
buys Tockenham, 519.
Buxbury Hill (Sutton Mandeville),
Barrows and ditch, 326, 327.
Byddel, John, printer, 33.
Bysse, Lawrence, 619; Thos., 595.
Walt., 621.
Bytham Barrow (Overton), 306.
Bytton, Thos. de, Bp. of Exeter,
Mrs., 627.
26.
Cadley (S. Savernake), Barrow,
279.
Cadley Farm (Lavington ?), Bar-
rows, 318.
INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII. 663
Caducanus, Bp. of Bangor, 27.
Caerwent, Rom. pottery, 105.
Caillard, Sir Vincent, gift, 9.
Caird, R. H., gift, 8.
Calcotts|W ood (Dors.), Barrow,192.
Caleutt Bridge, Cricklade, Rom.
Rd., 238.
Calley Banks, see Casterly.
Calley, Col. T. C. P., Ox teams,
illust., 145, 521 ; port., 143.
Mrs., ports., 143, 5386, 538.
Calne, 24, 116. Persons, see
Barnes, C. J. (Mayor); Cleverly,
Mr.; Dryver, John & Rich;
Smith, H. Herbert. Regis-
ters, 140. Saurian bones from
Kim. Clay, 540.
Calne Without, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, Saxon, List of,
219, 220. Long Barrow, de-
scribed, 388.
Calstone Antiquities, see Calne
Without.
Cambridge Museum, Wilts objects,
285, 329, 363, 377, 381.
Cameron, Rev. I. G., 141.
Camerton (Som.) Incense Cup, 582.
Canme, Walt. de, Abbot of Malmes-
bury, initials on tiles, 490.
Campbell, Rev. Guy, port., 142,536.
Camps, Entrance Gatepost holes,
68, 214, Banks designed for
shelter from wind,583 ; Evidence
of Stockades on, 583. Oc-
cupied as Villages, 577. Oc-
cupied by Danes and Saxons, 444.
Uses of, 442. Water
Supply, 70. See Casterley ;
Liddington. Sce also List
of Prehistoric Antiquities,
153—378.
Cams Hill (Malmesbury) Earth-
works, 284.
Candy, Thos., 621.
Canning, Col. A., gift, 9.
Cannington Park (Som.), 1000 in-
terments found, site of Hubba’s
defeat, 513.
Cantelowe[Cantloe, Cantlow], Mr.,
626. Hen., 596, 622
Walt., 619. Will, 618, 619.
| Canterbury, Cathedral, 492;
Cloister, 488. St. Augustine’s
: Abbey, 470, 492. St. Edmund’s
School, 648.
Canterbury, Archbishop of, Ser-
mon, 528. Thos., 22
Captecatt, Will., 609.
Oarde, Edw. 618,619. Humph.,
619. John, 618, 624.
Nich., 619.
Carey, W. H., 441; port., 144.
Carpenter, H. W., Archdeacon,
writings, 534. John, will of,
135.
Carrington, Mrs. R., 500.
Carrion Tree Rack, Ditch, 193.
Carter, E. C., port., 536. Hen.,
613. J., Drawings of Lacock
and Malmesbury, 1801, 107,
Will., 610.
Carver, W., 35.
Carvilius, Tomb of, Barrow, 354.
Case, Rich., 603; 616.
Caselat, Steph., 31.
Casterly Camp=Calleyor Catterley
Banks, 53. Described, 833.
Banks as protection from
wind, 68. Bone objects, 76,
98, 99 (jigs.). British village,
645. Cultivated, 1807, 55.
Ditches and banks, 56, 57,
221, 316; Age of, 80, 81; Dimen.
sions of 66, 67 ; Hntrances and
Gaps, 58—60, 68— 78; Plans &
Sections, 74, 75 (figs.), 104 (jfigs.).
Excavation, Mrs. M. E.
Cunnington on, 53—105
(jfigs.), 449. Hammerstones,
105. Hoare’s description and
plan, 55, 61. Inner works,
55, 61. Human Remains,
72, 77, 105; Dr, J. Beddoe on,
94—97. Tron Slag, 103,
105, Kim. Shale vessel, 105.
Late Celtic a 98 ( Tig-)
103, 104 (figs.); Loom weights,
89, 105. Pit Dwellings & Hut
site, 72, 76—79, 84. Pitched
paving, 72.
Pottery, Imported Belgic wares,
101—103 (figs.); Late Celtic,
100, 108, (figs.) ; Roman, 91, 92,
102, 103, 105 ( fig,) ; Sections of
rims, 103 (fig-) Roundels, Pot
covers ? 105 ; Sling bullets, 89,
97, 105; Spindle Whorls, 89, 99
(jigs.). Resembles Ogbury,
56. Roman Bronze objects,
98, 99 (jigs.), 103, 104 (figs.) ;
Coins described, 93; Concrete
flooring, 105 ; Glass beads, 105 ;
Horse shoes, 99; Tron objects, 89
(jig.), 98—100 ( (jigs.). 108, 104
664 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII.
( Gigs. ); Oyster and Mussel shells,
Querns, 105. Saddle
reat 105. Sling bullets.
89, 97, 105. Spindle Whorls,
99, 105. T-shaped fireplace,
date of, 91; described, 73 (jig.).
Tradition that Old Upavon stood
here, 85. Water supply, 70.
Whetstones, 105.
Castillon, Anne, 590.
Castle Combe, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &c., List of, 220.
Castle, Earthworks, 220.
Church, notes on, noticed, 136.
Illusts., 133, 539. Roman
Sculpture & Coffin at Manor Ho.,
113, 114, 220, 295, 373.
Castle Ditches Camp (Wardour)
described, 388 ; plan, 512.
Castle Eaton, 116. Property,
descent of, 50, 116.
Castle Rings Camp (Donhead), de-
seribed, 241. Plan, 512.
Castles, see Castle Combe, Ludger-
shall, Marlborough, Old Sarum.
Catterley Banks, see Casterly.
Cawpen, Steph., 610. Will., 610.
Ceawlin makes Wansdyke ? 436.
Centenarians, see Blake, Hannah ;
Davies, Thos.
Cerdicestord=Charford, 513.
Cerly, Widow, 607.
‘Chadenwich (Mere), Barrows, 287.
Bronze Celt, 287.
Cowarde’s tenement, 591.
Owned by J. Coventry, 590.
Subsidy, List of Names, 607.
Chafin [ Chaffin, Chafine], Dr., 599,
608, 611. Rich., 599, 600,
607, 608, 610, 611. Widow,
608
Chafyn- Grove, Miss, 499.
Chalcot Ho. (Dilton), Phipps fam.,
502, 503. Rom. settlement,
239.
Chaldecott, Geo., 627. Will.,
593, 620.
Chaldefeld, Walt de, 52.
Chalfield [Chaldefield], Great,
Church & Ho., illust., 135.
Manor, descent of, 50.
Chalfield, Little or West, advow-
son, descent of, 50. Manor,
descent of, 49, 51. Persons,
see Berlegh, Reynold de (Rector).
Chalford, 341.
Chalk Hollow (Bishopstone), 204.
Chalk Pit Hill (Tidworth), Bar-
rows, 331.
Challacombe (Dev.), 507.
Chamberlyn, Mary, 595. Steph.
603, 617. Will., 595.
Chandler, W., collection, 158, 159.
Chapman (—), carver, worked at
Dudley and Lacock, 429—431.
Chapmanslade, Persons, see Car-
penter, John.
Chard, 26.
Charles I., 130.
Charlton, illusts., 147.
Charlton (Donhead) Barrows &
ditches, 240, 241. Ewen’s
Land, 628. Subsidy List of
names, 598, 628, 629.
Charlton All Saints Down, ditch,
321. Farm, 241. See
also Standlynch.
Charlton, nr. Pewsey, 60. An-
tiquities, Prehistoric, Roman, &c.,
List of, 221. Ditch, 251, "316,
342. Rom. Relief, 377.
Ghaneog (N. Wilts), art.on, noticed,
Charlton Horethorn (Som.), 503.
Charnel Chapel, Malmesbury, 461,
463. See also Bradford-on- “Avon,
Saxon Church.
Chase Barn (Ebbesbourne), 250.
Chater, Hen., 602. Will., 614,
Chausy, John & Agnes, 50—52.
Chedslow (Crudwell), Barrows,
238.
Chedworth, John, Treasurer of
Salisbury, 564, 565.
Cheltenham (Gloucs.), 122, 508, 576.
Chelworth, property, 531.
Cherhill, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &e., List of, 222. ;
Oldbury Long Barrow described,
388. Rom. pavement, 222. —
White Horse, 221. of
Cherdstock, Will. de, Canon of ©
Salisbury, prayers for, 28, 29.
Chest purchased for Museum,
449.
Chester Cathedral Cloister, 488.
Cheverell, Great, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &c., List of, 222.
Cheverell, Little, British Village,
222, Persons see Nichols,
W. P. (Rector).
Cheverell, Edw., 619.
Chichester, 557.
figures of kings, 569.
Cathedral,
INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII. 665
Chichele, Hen., Archbishop, 31.
- Chickengrove, Brit. village, 212.
Camp, plan, 512.
Chicklade, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., List of, 222, 223.
Hyde property, 589. Persons,
see Sampson, Luke (Vicar).
Subsidy, Lists of Names, 597,623.
Chicksgrove, Subsidy, Lists of
Names and Recusants, 595, 621,
622.
Chidbury Camp, see Sidbury.
Chideock (Dors.) Bridge and Road,
Indulgence for repair of, 30.
Chilfinch Hill, Brit. Village, 194,
195.
Chilhampton (8S. Newton), Ditch,
187, 218, 242, 295, 355, 372.
Rom. Rd., 326.
Chilmark, 638. Bake, Bronze
palstave & flint celt, 637.
Geol. Assoc. visit, 135. Little
Ridge, Rom. Brit. dwelling pits,
223. Persons, sce Walker,
Rob. (Vicar). Portland Beds,
Section, 135. School Mu-
seum, 637. Sheep, art. on,
noticed, 526. Subsidy, Lists
of names, 596, 625.
Chilton Foliot, Bronze Celt, 223.
Persons, see Angell, Will. ;
Ward, Hon. Mrs. J.
Chilton, John, 612.
Chippenham, 513. Bridge, il-
lust., 523. Church, art. on,
noticed, 523; restored, 120.
“ Corporation Property and Free-
dom of the Borough,’ by J.
Perkins, 542. Lanhill Long
Barrow, 223 ; described, 388.
Lowden Church built, 120.
Manor sold, 433. Persons,
seeAllport,J osiah (Vicar); Bailey,
G. W.; Beaven, James (Mayor);
Crofts, Will.; Gascelyn, Sir
Edm.; Ingham, Rev. F. A. ;
Lendon, A. E.; Neale, E.
(Mayor) ; Phillips, Fk. H. & Capt.
-H. J.; Pinfield, R. G. C. ; Rich,
J. (Vicar); Stevens, C. R.
Old Town Hall, illust,, 523.
Stanley Manor sold, 433.
Chirton, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., List of, 223.
Church, Font, illust., 124.
Persons, see Cunningham, T. S.
(Vicar). See also Conock.
VOL. XXXVITI—NO. CXXII.
Chisbury Camp, Wansdyke, 188;
319
Chiselbury Camp (Fovant) de-
scribed, 212, 258, 512.
Chiseldon, 520. Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, &c., 223,224.
Church, art. on, noticed, 523.
Clerk’s ale, 521. Foun-
dry, 521. House, illust., 147.
Chisenbury (Enford),60. Camp,
or Trendle, described, 251.
East, Grove Mansion and Earth-
works, “Gladiators Walk,” 252.
Warren, 251.
Chislett, Rob., 609.
Chisman, J. C., 53.
Chitterne All Saints, Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, &e., List of,
224. Dotterels shot, 148.
Persons, see Huntley, Jordan.
Chitterne, John, Archdeacon, bene-
faction to Salisbury, 563, 564.
Chittoe, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, é&c., List of, 225.
Chivers, Giles, gift, 541.
Messrs., gift, 540. W. E., 6.
Chlorus’s Camp, or Figsbury Rings,
described, 356.
Cholderton, Antiquities, Prehis-
toric, Roman, &c., List of, 225.
Barrow, 296. Karth-
works and ditch, 217.
Cholsey (Choulsey), John, 603, 617.
Choulston (Figheldean), Saxon In-
terments, 256.
Christian Malford, 273.
Christ’s Hospital, 118.
Church Bottom [Broad Chalke ?]
Earthworks, 212, 249, 250.
{Wylye], Flint implements,
375.
Church. Ditches (Rushall), Brit.
village, 221.
ChurchEnd(Ogbourne St. George),
Ditch, 280.
Church End Rings (Steeple Lang-
ford), Harthwork, 277.
Church Hill (Ogbourne St. George)
Earthworks & barrow, 158, 302.
Church Pits(Orcheston St. George)
Brit. village, 303.
Church, W., 39.
Church Houses in Wilts, 1670, List
of, 131.
Churches, see Alton Barnes; Alton
Priors; Amesbury ; Ashton
Keynes; Avebury; Beanacre;
2) Se
666 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII,
Bishopstone (S. Wilts); Brad-
ford-on-Avon; Bratton; Brem-
hill; Brinkworth; Bromham ;
Broughton Gifford; Castle
Combe; Chalfield, Gt. ; Chip-
penham ; Clyffe Pypard ; Coate;
Colerne ; Cranborne; Cricklade ;
Crudwell; Dauntsey ; Devizes ;
Draycot Cerne; Hankerton ;
Iwerne Minster (Dors.); Knoyle,
East; Langford, Little ; Langley
Burrell; Laverstoke; Lydiard
Millicent; Lydiard Tregoze ;
Melksham ; Milborne Port
(Som.); Old Sarum Cathedral;
Pertwood ; Purton ; Shaftesbury
(Dors.); Somerford Keynes ;
Stanton Fitzwarren; Stapleford;
Steeple Ashton ; Sutton Benger;
Tollard Royal; Trowbridge;
Tytherton Kelloways; Tyther-
ton Lucas ; Warminster ; West-
bury; Westwood; Woodford ;
Wootton Rivers ; Wraxall,
North ; Wroughton.
Churchwardens’ accounts, Steeple
Ashton, 180, 131, 531.
Churn River, Late Celtic brooch,
237.
Chute, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &., 226. Causeway,
Rom. Rd., 226.
Chylwey, T., 36.
Chymynage "Close (Marlborough),
36.
Circular ditch filled with flints en-
closing interment, 269.
Cirencester, 116, 130, 507, 645.
Late Celtic object, 98.
Museum, Wilts objects, 278.
Clack Mount, see Bradenstoke.
Clapham, 121.
Clare, arms, 126. Gilbert de,
arms, 125.
Clarendon,Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., List of, 226, 227.
Art. on, noticed, 531.
Ditch, 357. Park, Map of,
1640, illust., 531. Persons,
see Bathurst, Sir IF’. H.
Clarendon, Earls of, 530.
Clark & Collins, Messrs., 120.
Miss, 117. Mrs., 641.
Clarke, Hen., 599, 607. Thos.,
602, 615. Will., 610.
Rey. W. H. M., port., 142.
Clark-Maxwell, Rev. W. G., note,
107. On Lord Seymour’s
House at Bromham, 432—
434. On Sir W. Shar-
ington’s Work at Dudley,
Gaueley, & Lacock, 426—
43
Clarks Penning (Enford), 251.
Clatford Bottom (Preshute), Devil’s
Den, described, 308, 310, 398.
Visited, 437,
Clatford Down (Preshute), Bar-
row, 308.
Claverton, Wansdyke, 293.
Clay Mound Plantation (Bator
215.
Clay Pit Hill (Codford), 228.
Clearbury Ring Camp (Stand-
lynch), 298, 389 ; described, 321 ;
plan, 512.
Cleare, Edw., 625.
Clemens, will of Salisbury, token
unpub., 6
Clement, J ae 608, 626. Julian,
609. Mich., 627. Will,
599, 608.
Clench Common (S. Savernake),
Barrow, 318. Gold penan-
nular bracelet, 378.
Clenche, John, 532.
Clerkenwell, Hospital of S. John
of J erusalem, 31,
Clermont, Council of, 17.
Cleveancy (Hilmarton), Town-
send’s Knoll Barrow, 265.
Cleverly, Mr., 640.
Cley sue {Corsley) Barrows and
Cam
cite Ba (Pigheldean), Barrow,
Clifford, Bp., on Battle of A&than-
dune, 514.
Clifton, 508.
Cloth, making, in Wilts, Here on,
noticed, 526. Iron Clippers
and Shearmen’s Shears, 148.
Clouds House, Wyndham Fam.,
144, 647.
Clutterbooke, Mr., 591, 620, 621.
Clyffe Pypard, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, Saxon, List of,
227. Birds, 148. Church,
Model of, 643. Ring Ouzel,
114.
Coate (Chiseldon), 41.
noticed, 523.
Reservoir, 577.
46, 47,
Art. on,
Church, 224.
Stone Circles,
INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII. 667
Coates, Harcourt, 110.
Cobbett, Will., “Rural Rides,”
new Ed., noticed, 133.
Cock-a-troop Lane (N. Savernake),
Rom. Rd., 317.
Cockle Shells, Roman, Casterly,
105,
Codford Circle, ‘“‘ Oldbury Camp,”
228.
Codford St. Mary, Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, d&c., List of,
228.
Codford St. Peter, Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, &c., List
of, 228, 229. Briefs from
Registers, 131. Church,
Saxon (?) Cross Shaft, illust.,
124, Persons, see Harding,
J. K.
Codrington, Dr., 425,643. Thos.,
415, 425 ; Note, 642.
Coffin Ground (N. Wraxall), Rom.
Villa and Cemetery, 372, 373.
Coins, British, Clarendon, 227.
Collingbourne Ducis, 234.
Mildenhall, 288. Tisbury,
332. Tollard Royal, 333.
Coins, British, Copper, inscribed
“Taschio,” Kennet, 637. Un-
inscribed, Rotherley and Rush-
more, 194.
Coins, British, Gold, Aldbourne,
637. Brewham Forest, Stour-
ton, 324. Clarendon (? gold),
2277. Dean, West, 238.
Marlborough Forest, 318, 637.
_ Mere, 287. Ogbourne,
637. Old Sarum, 325.
Ringsbury (Purton), 637. Up-
ham, 637. Of Vericus, 238,
325.
Coins, British, Silver, Aldbourne,
158. Axford, 637. Bar-
ford, 187. Rotherley, 194.
Langford, Hanging, 277. Of
~ Cunobelin, 637.
Coins, Gaulish, Gold uninscribed,
near Swindon, 329.
Coins, Greek, Alex. the Gt., Tils-
head, 106, 332. Antinous,
Clyffe Pypard, 227.
Coins, Roman, at Bromham, 639.
Casterley, 71, 85, 93, 94.
Devizes, 203, 239. Erlestoke,
252. Mildenhall, 288.
Savernake, 318. Winter-
bourne Monkton, 361.
Coins, Roman, gold, 288, 361.
Coins, Roman, of Allectus, 93,
639. Carausius, 639, 640.
Claudius, 71, 93. Constantine
(I. & IT.), 94, 689. Constan-
tius, 639. Crispus, 639.
Faustina, 93. Helena, 93.
Julius Cezesar, 318. M. Aure-
lius, 93. Nero, 71, 93.
Tetricus, 640. Vespasian, 93.
Coker, North, House, 499.
Coldharbour (Marlborough), 36.
Cold Kitchen Hill (Kingston Dev-
erill) Barrows, 209, 210, 272;
Mound opened, 411. Ditches,
273. Long Barrow, described,
387. Roman remains, 211.
Cole Park, 284.
Cole, Will., 633.
Coleharbour, see Coldharbour.
Coleman [Colman], Rich., 34—36.
Will., 10.
Colerne, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &e., List of, 229, 230.
Church & Manor Ho., notes
& illusts., noticed, 136, Per-
sons, see Stephens, H. H.(Vicar).
Colerne, Will. of, Abbot of Malmes-
bury, 490—493. His build-
ings, 461, 494, 495.
Coles, Carey, 642. John, 627.
Colles, Edw., 614.
Collett, Rev. E., port., 143.
Colleye, Phil., 37.
Collingbourne Ducis, Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, &., List of,
230—234. Registers printed,
128.
Collingbourne Kingston, Antiqui-
ties, Prehistoric, Roman, d&c.,
List of, 234, 235. Ditch, 330.
Fairmile, Long Barrow,
described, 389.
Collins [Collyns], Ellen, 35.
John, 597, 628; port., 142.
W.G., 355 ; Collection, 230, 266,
341 ; Gift, 540.
Colloway Clump (Warminster),
Long Barrow described, 404.
Colman, see Coleman.
Coln St. Aldwyn (Gloucs.), 531.
Colsie, Widow, 617.
Colston, E. F., excavations, 314.
Colyear, Lady Juliana, port. sold,
143.
Combe (Fittleton), Long Barrow
formerly, 408. Held by Rich.
My MP,
668 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII,
de Combe, 581.
Coombe.
Combe, Anth., 619. Edw., 619 ;
Descendants of, 532. John,
618. Mat., 594, 618.
Rich. de, Notes on lineage of,
noticed, 531. Thos., 619, 621.
Will., 595, 621.
Combes, A. J., 133.
Thos., 625.
Combs, weaving, see Late Celtic.
Combwich (Som.), site of Cynuit,
514.
Commage [Comedge], Mr., 616.
Rob., 603, 616. [Rd., 280.
Common Head(Liddington),Roman
Compton (Enford) Barrows, 250.
Tilust., 539.
Compton, J ohn, 597, an Nich.,
627. h. (I. & I1.), 602,
615, 616. Will, 616.
Compton Bassett, Barrow in Mount
Wood, 236. Bought by W.
Button, 519. Saurian bones
from Kim. Clay, 540. See
also Compton Comberwell.
Compton Beauchamp, Ridgeway &
Icknield Way, 138.
Compton Chamberlayne, Antiqui-
ties, Prehistoric, Roman, déc.,
List of, 236. Ditch, 212.
House, art. on, noticed, 526.
Hut, 236. Persons, see Ford,
Chr. (Vicar). Registers, 140.
Subsidy, Lists of names, 603,
615, 617.
Compton Comberwell, descent of
manor, 519, 532.
Comton, Barth, 615.
Conegar, see Conygar.
Coneybury Hill (Amesbury) Bar-
rows, 167.
Conholt, Upper, Earthworks, 226.
Conkwell (Winsley), Flint Imple-
ments, 355.
Connor, Rev. W., excavations, 393.
Conock, 60. Persons, see Bart-
lett, John.
Constable & Co., gift, 149.
John, view of Stonehenge, 524.
Constantinople, Indulgence for
captives at, 32.
Conw'", 609.
Conygar [Conegar] Barn (Stock-
ton), 323. Hill (Heytesbury)
Barrows, 263. (Winterbourne
Stoke) Barrows, 368.
See also
Mat., 605.
Cook, Alf., writings, 133. E.,
gifts, 9, 650; work in Museum,
547.
Cooke, Eliz., 614. E, W. and
Mrs., ports., 142. Thobie, 623.
Coombe, Barrow, 257. See also
Combe.
Coombe Bissett, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &c., List of 236.
Grimsditch, 326.
Coombe Down (Ogbourne), Bar-
rows, 301, 302.
Coombe Hill (Enford), British
village & ditch, 251.
Cooper, Sir Anth. Ashley, 589, 602,
615. H. G. copies Mon. In-
scriptions, 149, 450. Jasper
(I. & II.), 575. Sid., port.,
143. Thos., 624.
Coople Church, see Keevil.
ou or Hill ([CopHeadl, Barrow,
Gace John, 628.
Copper Daggers, Mere, 286.
Roundway, 315.
Corbett, C. H., 502.
Corderoy, Rich., 603, 617.
Cone King Edw. killed by Elfrida,
56
Gores Will. dela, Bp. of Salis-
bury, ‘Indulgences, 25—27.
Cornwall, Hen., s. of Rich., Earl of,
126: J. 35,836,388 Rich.
34. Rich., Earl of, arms, 126.
Corpus Christi, Indulgence for
hearing mass of, 33.
Corsham Almshouses, illust., 133,
Antiquities, Prehistoric, Ro-
man, &c., List of, 2837. . Beech-
field, 648. George Inn, Rom.
Relief at, 237. Guyer’s House,
648. Persons, see Dunsterville,
Lt. G. E.; Col. K. D.; Goldney,
FLU.
Corshamside, 648.
Corsley, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., List of, 237.
Illusts., 145, 146. See also
Chapmanslade.
Corton (Boyton) Barrow and ditch,
208. Long Barrow, 207, 394 ;
described, 386. ;
Corton (Hilmarton) Dwelling Pit,
265. °
Cosens [Cossens], Will., 602, 614.
Cotley Hill, 392. Barrows, 297,
298.
INDEX TO
Cottels [Cottels Atworth], Manor,
. — Descent of, 48, 49.
Cottington, Francis, Lord, 618, 620,
625 ; created, 589 ; property, 591.
Cotton, Edw., 618. J., 34.
Margery, 594.
Coulston, East, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &c., List of,
237. See also Baynton.
Couple Church, see Keevil.
Court Hill (Kingston Deverill).
Barrow, 272.
Court Leet at Badbury, 521.
Coventry, John, 590, 607.
Covingham Farm (Wanborough),
site of Nidum, Rom. buildings,
45, 280, 338.
Cowan, Mrs., collection, 358.
Coward fam., property, 591, 607.
Edw., 597, 624. Eliz.,
596, 625. Jasper, 608.
Rob., 609. Thos., 574.
Will., 574, 575, 609.
Cowbridge [Coolebridge], Marl-
borough, 35.
Coweroft (Ogbourne St. Andrew),
Rom. objects, 302.
Cowesfield Wood (Whiteparish),
Barrow, 341.
Cowley, Earl, 500.
Cowley, Thos., 609.
Cows, names of 1617, 1385.
Cowserd, Jesper & Rob., 599.
Cox, Barth., 575. R. Hippisley,
“Green Roads of England,” by.
noticed, 528—530. Rob., 605,
620. Thos., 593, 620.
Will., 575.
Coxe, Mr., 626.
Crabb, Thos., 38.
Crabbe, Geo., art. on, noticed, 527.
Cradocke, Fras,, 599.
Cranborne (Dors. ) Church Tower,
Indulgence for rebuilding, 31.
Chase, “Ancient Earth-
works of,” by Heywood Sumner,
notited, 511, 512; Paper on,
read, 554.
Crane, John, 609.
Cranmer, Archbishop, 21.
Crates Wood (Semley) Ditch, 241.
Cratt Hill (Chicklade), Brit. vil-
lage, 222, 223. 33.
Crawford, Bridge, Indulgence for,
Crawford, O. G.S., 154, 188, 235,
319, 330 ; excavations, 260, 261,
636; note, 115.
VOL, XXXVIII. 669
Crawlboys (Collingbourne) Ditch,
233
Crediton, Bp. Elfric of, 459.
Creighton, Mr., 538. J., 145.
Cresswell, Hereules,s. of Thos., 574,
Crete, Egyptian beads i in, 644.
Crew, Edw., s. of Thos., 57D.
Crewe, Lord, 500.
Crewse, Kdw., 609.
Cricket, Wiltshire, 525.
Cricklade, art. on, noticed, 523.
Antiquities, Prehistoric, Roman,
&e., List of, 237. Churches.
arts. on, noticed, 132, 523; St.
Mary, Roman bricks in walls,
238 ; St. Sampson’s Church and
Vicarage, Gospel Oak at, 523,
633. Crosses illusts., 523.
Ermine Street, course of,
278,338. Free Schoolfounded,
132, High Bridge, Rom.
coins, 278. Tllusts., 539.
Persons, see Barnes, Job ; Better-
ton, John & Rob.; Cole, Will. ;
Dyson, Mr. (Vicar) ; Hicks, Geo.;
Jacob, C. W. (Vicar); Pullen,
Edm.; Toms, Rich. Property,
531. Roman Town, extent
of, 238. To Malmesbury
(Cobbett’s Ride), 133. Town
Hall built, 1569, 132.
Crisp, Tobias, 522; art. on and
port., noticed, 131.
Crockerton, 317. Firs, 164,
Crockford, Rev. T., 139.
Croft Barn (Collingbourne), 235.
oe (Chicklade), see Cratt
ill.
Crofton (Bedwyn), Flint imple-
ments, 188. Rom, Rd., 188,
260. Skeletons found, 188.
Crofts, Will. and Mrs., ports., 536.
Crompe [Crumpe], Honor, 600. 608.
Thos., 611. Widow, 610.
Croome, Edw., 617.
Crosfield, J. D., gift, 631.
Crosley, Josias, 574.
Cross, Festival of Invention of the,
22.
Cross Farm. see All Cannings.
Cross Keys turnpike, Wansdyke,
293.
Crossbill in Wilts, 111.
Crossbow, Roman, 218.
Crosses, see Ashton Keynes ; Crick-
lade; Devizes ; Shaftesbury ; :
Tisbury; Woodford ; ; Wroughton.
670 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII.
Crouch Brook, 539.
Crouch, Sergt., port., 143, 147.
Croucheston Down, 204.
Crowland, John, 574.
Crows Rump (Pitton) Barrow, 307.
Long Barrow, formerly, 409.
Croydon, 121.
Crucible, in Dwelling Pit, Winter-
bourne Monkton, 109 (jig.).
Crudwell, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., List of, 238.
Church, art. on and illusts.,
noticed, 526.
Crumme, Will., 618.
Crump, see Crompe.
Crusade, Indulgences for, 18.
Cuckoo, 148.
Cuffs Corner (Clyffe Pypard),
Interments, 227.
Cull, Constable, port., 142.
Cummings, B. F., “ Biographical
Sketch of Col. G. Montagu” by,
noticed, 515 ; gift, 541.
Cunetio, Lower, site of at Milden-
hall, 288. Rom. Rd., 158 ; to
Spine, not traceable, 289; to
Winchester, 319. Upper, site
of, at Folly Farm, 288.
Cunningham, T.J.M.,122. Rev.
T.S.,obit., 122, 123 ; writings,131.
Cunnington, C. H., work at
Museum, 547.
Cunnington, B. H., 6, 189, 203,
439, 550, 551. Acts as Guide,
443. And Mrs. Cunnington,
Excavations, 2, 161,163,185, 203,
214, 223, 252, 262, 263, 292, 298,
308, 318, 338, 343, 443, 449, 450.
“Devizes Water Supply”
by, noticed, 522. Gifts, 111,
449, 540, 541, 636, 637. Local
Secretary, 435, 447, 450, 457,
549, 552. Meeting Secretary,
549, 551. ;
Cunnington, Hen., Excavations,
185, 222, 299, 300, 392.
Cunnington, Mrs. M. E., 46, 108,
155, 378, 582. Actsas Guide,
457, Gifts, 9, 111, 449, 631,
650. Notes and Remarks,
109, 437, 444, 551, 553. On
Age of Cylindrical Notched
Glass Beads, 643—645.
On Buried Stone in the
Kennett Avenue, 12-14.
On Casterly Camp 53—
105 (figs.) On Coin of Alex.
Gt., 106, 107. On Interment
near Old Shepherd’s Shore, 106.
On List of Long Bar-
rows of Wilts, 379—414.
On Re-erection of two
Fallen Stones and dis-
covery of interment with
Drinking Cup at Avebury,
1—11 (fgs.)
Cunnington, Will, senr. and junr.,
distinguished, 388. Barrows
opened by, see List of An-
tiquities, 153—378.
Cunnington, Will, junr. (F.G.S.),
Excavations, 300, 314, 315, 392,
408. See also List of Antiquities,
153—378. Writings, 189, 515.
Cunnington, Will., senr. (F.S.A.),
Excavations, 366, 377, 380, 386
—388, 392, 393, 399, 401. 402,
404,407, 411, 586. See also List
of Antiquities, 153—378.
Curfew, see Bells.
Ourtisse, Agnes, 612.
612. Nich., 615.
Cursus, The, 169, 173, 246, 247,
369. ‘Ihe Lesser (Durrington),
243, 365, 369.
Cusack, Nich., Bp. of Kildare,
Indulgence, 25.
Cusse, Adelaide and Lilian F., 133.
Cutteridge Farm. (N. Bradley),
Rom. Lead Coffin, 208.
Cyprian, St., 16.
Cynuit=Combwich,or Cannington
Park (Som.), 514.
Dalderby, John de, Bp. of Lincoln,
Indulgence, 28.
Dale, W., 526. ;
Damerham, 212, 378, 591.
Knoll (Hants) Grimsditch, ex-
cavated, 512. Persons, see
Buckner, Will. (Vicar). | South,
Hundred, Subsidies, Lists of
Names, 1641, 592, 601, 618.
Damini, painter, 569.
Dance, Geo., work at Bowood, 517.
Dane Bottom (Winsley), Earth-
works, 355.
Danes Bottom (Kingston Deverill),
Barrow & Earthworks, 272, 273.
Danes, Traditions of at Bishop-
stone, 521 ; at Marden, 132.
Daniel [Danyell], Ralph, 596, 625.
Widow, 616.
Dank Wood Corner (Bowerchalke),
Ditch, 207.
Marg.,
|
:
INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII. 671
Danstede Polor, 26.
Darling, Sam., 2 ; gift, 650.
Dartmoor, Rude Stone Monuments,
129.
Dartnell, Miss, gifts, 149.
Dauntsey Agricultural School, see
Lavington. Almshouses,
illust., 132. Church, art. on,
Doom painting, &c., noticed, 132.
Danvers fam., 132. Ks-
tate Sale, 524. House, illust.,
147. Manor, descent of, art.
on, noticed, 132.
Davenant, John, Bp. of Salisbury,
writings, 542. [506.
Davies, Thos., centenarian, obit.,
Davis [Davys], A. J., port., 537.
Agnes, 595, 621. Al-
binus, 594. Edw., 595, 622,
624. Geo., 575. John,
575, 617, 625. Mat., 595, 621.
Nich., 613. Rich., 601.
Rev. Roland, 135. Trus-
tram, 622. Widow, 619.
Will., 575.
Dawber, E. G., work by, 538.
Dawkins, Prof. Boyd, excavations,
553; on Age of Camps, 443; on
Paleolithic periods, 456; on
Stonehenge, 444; President of
Cambrian Assoc., 435, 439; Re-
marks, 437, 442, 444. Rey.
K. H., pictures, 143. Hen.,
port. sold, 143. Mrs. J. C.,
port. sold, 143.
Day, E. H., writings, 136.
Day House Farm (Chiseldon),
Stone circle, 224.
Dazell, Flint celt, 296.
Dean Bottom (Ogbourne St. An-
drew), 301.
Dean Farm (Oaksey),
Castle, 298.
Dean, West, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &c., List of,
938, 239. Church, Old,
earthworks near, 238. Reg-
isters, 140.
Dean’s Court, 499.
Decian persecution, effect of, 15.
Deer Horns in Long Barrows, 391,
403. Picks, age of, 517.
Deere, Edw., 602, 614.
De la Tour, Q., portrait by, 143.
Denison, Bp. of Salisbury, 508.
Dentalium shells as beads, 368.
Deny, James, 604.
Norwood
Deptford(Wylye) Barrow & Incense
Cup, 374. Roman Vase and
interments, 375.
Derby, Hen., Earl of, of the Fra-
teeny of the Ch. of Salisbury,
pee Elias de, work at Wells,
568.
Derlington, John de, Archbishop
of Dublin, Indulgence, 25.
Derry Hill, 499. Antiquities,
see Calne Without. Rom.
Coins, 220.
Despenser fam., arms, 126, 489.
Devenish, M. H. W., obit., 500.
Devil’s Den, Clatford Bottom, 308,
310; described 398.
Devil’s Dyke, nr. Newmarket, 514.
Devil’s Trackway, Knap Hill, 163.
Devizes, 141, 534. Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, &c., List of,
239. Barracks, illust., 538,
Bellfounders, see Burroughs,
James. Brownstone House,
age of, 451. Castle, granted
to Ld. Seymour, 433 ; House
built and altered, 116; illusts.,
145, 589; Stone used to build
Bromham House, 433; visited,
W. H. Butcher reads paper on,
451, 452. Churches visited,
451. Church of St. James,
532; Registers, 530. Ch. of
St. John, illust., 145; not built
by Bp. Roger, 451 ; Tower, one
side rebuilt, 451. Ch. of St.
Mary, proposal to recast bells,
opposed by Wilts Arch. Soc., 447,
549 ; Registers, 530. Cobbett’s
Rides, 133. “Corporation
Water Supply,” by B. H.
Cunnington, noticed, 522, 541.
Dagger, 14th Cent. 540.
Deed, SAL. Greystone House,
age of, 451. Hazelands, The,
502; Art. on, noticed, 525.
Hospital of St. J ohn, Indulgence
for, 32. Houses in Brittox,
BAL, Tllusts., 144, 538, 539,
Market Cross, illust., 149.
Mayor & Burgesses, property
in Marlborough, 39.
Meeting, joint, of Wilts
Arch. Soc. and Cambrian
Arch. Assoc., 1913, account
of, 435 —457. Miscellany,
MS. Vols., 542.
672 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII,
Devizes Museum and Library, 6.
Accounts for 1912, 1913,
150, 544. Additions to, 148,
149, 540, 542, 546, 547, 649,
650. Catalogue of Antiqui-
ties, cost of printing, 448; of
Birds, 547; of Prints, &c., 449.
Chest purchased for, 449.
Geolog., collections re-arranged,
547. Gold ornaments, copied
in electrotype, 646. Herbarium,
247. Objects in, 87, 92, 106,
107, 111, 125, 586, 636, 643, 644;
see also List of Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &., 153—378.
Repair of Roof, 547.
Visited, 451.
Devizes, Ordnance Survey, 541.
Pans Lane, Roman remains, 239,
377. Persons, see Anstie,
John ; Atkinson, John ; Burges,
Lt. E. L. A. H., and J. H.
(Rector) ; Butcher, W, H. ;
Chivers, W. E., ; Coward, Thos.
and Will.; Cunnington fam. ;
Edwards, Rich. ; Filleul, L. A.,
and Rev. k. W. G. (Rector) ;
Flower, Rich. ; Hazeland fam. ;
Iles, John ; Kill, Rich.; Leach,
Mr. ; Llewellin, John ; Milman,
Miss; Nicholas fam.; Nott, J. ;
Paradise fam. ; Randell, A. J.;
Rendell, Mr. ; Rich, Sir C. H.8.,
and Lady ; Sainsbury, H. ; San-
dell, Mr. ; Stevens, B. ; Sutton,
James (I. & I[.), ; Sutton, Prince.
Sign of the Gun, 541.
Sword found, 540. Town
Criers’ competition, illusts., 145.
Town Hall, Old, Roman
pavement said erroneously to
exist at, 239. Wesley,Charles,
attacked at, 451. Wilts Regt.
at, 146, 507.
Dew, Will., 623.
Dewey, Rob., 606.
Dialect, Wiltshire, stories, 520, 527.
Diamond, the (Wilsford), 348.
Dibben, J. H., 205.
Dickenson, Mrs., port., 536.
Dickman, W., 39.
Dickson, Gen., 440.
Diddlebury Church, Saxon work,
452.
Dier, Rog. & Widow, 623.
Diessen (Hanover), wooden sculp-
ture, 130.
Digby, Mr. 555.
Dilton Marsh, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, é&e., List of,
239. Tllust., 147. Per-
sons, see Davis, A. J.; Minty,
Edm.
Diltons, 599.
Dimont, Rev. C. T., writings, 533.
Dinosaurian spine, Swindon, 106,
148 ‘
Dinton, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., List of, 239.
Beeches Barrow, 330. Ditch,
239, 240, 276, 375; Rom. Rd.,
187, 239, 240, 326, 375. Geol.
Assoe. at, 135. Persons, see
Graham, Miss ; Wyndham, Will.
See also Wick Ball Camp.
Dirdoe, Chr., 604, 606.
Dirtley Wood (Upton Scudamore),
336. Old Ditch, 340.
Ditches, see Earthworks.
Dixon, S. B., collection, 307;
writings, 189.
Dodington, John, 599, 609.
Will., 599, 600.
Dodsworth, W., 571.
Dog Gates, Garsden Manor, 524,
Sheldon, illust., 516.
Doggerell, Rich., 611. Thos.,
600, 610, 611.
Dognell tything (Donhead), Sub-
sidies, Lists of names, 598, 629,
630.
Dolinge, Edw., 596.
Dolmens, Corea, 438. Nu-
merous in Japan, age of, 438.
See Devil’s Den.
Dominicke, Phil., 596, 625.
Ralph, 624. Randolph, 604.
Don, Will., 598.
Donhead [Dunehead] Liberty,
Subsidy, List of names, 626.
Donhead St. Andrew, 384.
Persons, see Whitney, James
(Vicar). Stone celt, 240.
Donhead St. Mary, Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, &c., List of,
240, Long Barrow described,
389 ; destroyed, 408. Persons,
see Pope, Geo. (Rector).
Doone, Will., 626.
Door Bolt and Lock, 541.
Dorchester (Dors.), 33.
Dorchester (Oxon.) Church, 29.
Dorling, Rev. E. E., 569. Gift,
149, “ Leopards of England
“INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII. 673
and other Papers on Heraldry,”
noticed, 125, 126.
' Dotterels, shot, 148.
Doule, Alex., see Dowle.
Doulting, Death of Aldhelm, 459.
Dover, 123. Ch. of St. Radi-
gund, 481.
Dowding, Edw., 626. Major
H. H., gift, 9. John, 606,
620. Rob. 620,
Dowland, Will., 627.
Dowle, Alex., 605, 623, 626.
Downend (Som.), 513.
Downes, Mrs, Cath., Excavations,
827, 328.
Downton, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, Saxon, List of, 241, 242.
Ditch, 321. Giant’s
Grave, Long Barrow. described,
389. Moot, The, Earthworks,
242; Meeting Place of Wessex,
513. Persons, see Lear, F.,
cue (Vicar) ; Lear, Archdeacon,
Dowren, Hen., 608.
D’Oyley Fam., 525.
Drake, Col. Hornsby, gift, 9.
Draper, John and Rich., 612.
Draycot Cerne Church and House,
art. on, noticed, 132.
Draycot (Wilcot), Barrows, 341;
Oval Barrow opened, 411, 412.
Rom. Pottery, 342.
Drew Fam., of Southbroom, arts.
on, noticed, 130, 530.
Dreweat’s Clump (Enford), 251.
Drokenesford, John de, Bp. of
Bath and Wells, Indulgence, 28.
Drove Lane(Coombe Bissett), 236.
Druid’s Head Farm, 323.
Druid’s Lodge (Woodford), 190,
323. Barrow, 371.
Druses, The (Mere), 286.
Dryver, John and Rich., 574.
Ducking Stool, Wootton Bassett,
5380.
Duckworth, Dr. W. L. H., 381.
Dudley Castle,Sharington’s Work,
429.
Dudley, Rich., 575.
Dudmore Lodge, 157.
Dughernt, W., Hermit of Chapel
of S. Andrew de Bradley, 29.
Dugmoore, Ann, 617.
Duke, Rev. E., collection at Lake,
354; sold, 349. Excavations,
242; MS. Notes of, 352, 353, 349.
VOL. XXXVIII—NO. CXXII.
Duke’s Clump (Deverill), 272.
Dulwich College, 118.
Dunch Hill Plantation (Fighel-
dean), 291. Barrows & ditch,
254—256, 331.
Dunham Magna (Norf.) Church.
Saxon work, 454.
Dunlin, in Wilts, 111.
Dunn. Col., Excavations, 292.
Dunne, A. M., gift, 9, 631.
Dunstable, Icknield & Watling
Streets, 138.
Dunstan, St., 567.
to Malmesbury, 459.
Dunsterville, Lt. G. E., obit., 648.
Col. K. §., 648; gift, 631.
Dunworth Hundred, Subsidies, cz.
1641, Lists of names, 592, 593,
Gives organ
618.
Durham Cathedral, 486. Miseri-
cord, 491. Pulpitum, 485,
486. Shrine of St. Cuthbert,
described, 469.
Durham, Bp. of, Indulgence, 30.
Durham, 2nd Earl of, 120,
Durnford, Great, 56. An-
tiquities, Prehistoric, Roman,
&e., List of, 242. Brit. village
near, 354. Persons, see Deve-
nish, M. H. W.
Durnford, Little, House, 500.
Durrington, Antiquities, Prehis-
toric, Roman, &c., List of, 243—
248. Barrows, 366.
Long Barrows, described, 389,
390, 414. Walls, 168 ; Earth-
works, described, 248.
Dwelling Pits, see Pits.
Dyer, Capt. 8. B., port., 142.
Walt., founds Wilton Free
School, 526.
Dymer’s Close, Marlborough, 34.
Dyson, Mr., 633.
Eagle Stones, 335.
Earls Barton, Saxon Church, 452,
Earls Court (Little Hinton), Laying
of Ghost, and Hag-ridden horses,
521.
Earls Farm Down (Amesbury),
Barrow, 170.
Earthworks (Camps, Dykes,
&c.,) in Wilts, List of, ar-
ranged under parishes, 153
—378. Banks converging
on Camps, for driving cattle, 511.
Camps, age of, Late Celtic ?
529; not tribal strongholds, 529;
Dy Wi,
674 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII,
single ditched are cattle kraals,
529. Ditches on Downs,Sunk
Roads?'70. Dykes and Camps,
their placein theSaxonConquest,
512, 515. Horseshoe shaped
banks to shelter cattle, 511.
see also Cranbourne Chase; Cur-
sus; Hod Hill & Lydsbury
Rings (Dors.); Hut circles;
Mounds.
East Castle (Steeple Langford),
Earthwork, 277.
East Chase Farm (Bowerchalke),
Barrow, 206. Brit. Village,
207.
East Combe Wood (Ebbesbourne),
Ditch, 249, 250.
East Down (Tilshead), Barrows,
332.
East, Edw., 614.
Easterton, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., List of, 248.
Ridgeway, 279.
Easton Grey, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &., List of,
248, 249. Rom. Villa, 458.
Easton Down & Hill (Bishops Can-
nings), Barrows, 199, 200.
Long Barrow, described, 386.
Easton Royal, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &c., List of, 249.
Easton, Rich., 610, 611. Widow,
617. Will., 625.
EKastrop Grange (Highworth), 116.
Eatwell, Will., 133.
Ebbesbourne Wake, & Fyfield
Bavant, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., List of, 249, 250.
Ebdowne (W. Kington), Camps,
274.
Hebrights Stone at Alfred’s Tower,
Bohini, fossils found in dwelling
pits, 79.
Eckington (Derbys.), 116.
Edessa, Will., Archbishop of, 24.
Edgar (King), 567.
Edgcott (Northants), 508.
Edington, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., List of, 250.
Church, Chamber on §. side of
Choir, the Vestry, 442; illust.,
145; Rebus of Will. Burton?
532; Screen=The Pulpitum,442 ;
Tower, 481; Visited, 441.
Tinhead Long Barrow,described,
390.
Edington (Som.), site of battle of
Ethandune, A. F. Major on, 518.
Edward Confesser, 17.
Edward (King), killed by Elfrida,
altar in Salisbury Cathedral,
honoured at Shaftesbury, &c.,
562.
Edwards, Fras., 634. Rich.,
(I. & IL), 574.
Efell, John, 605.
Effigies, see Tollard Royal.
Egyptian cylindrical beads
identical with those found
in Wilts barrows, Prof.
Sayce & H. R. Hall on, 551,
643—645.
Ehlvers, Rev. F., acts as guide, 551.
Hisey, property, 531.
Elcombe Down, Barrow, 373.
Elder Valley, Earthworks, 264.
Eleanor (Queen), Arms of, 125.
Elford, Widow, 40.
Elfric, Abbot, Rebuilds Malmes-
bury Abbey, 459.
Elfrida, Murders K. Edward, 562.
Elizabeth (Queen), Progress of,
Painting at Sherborne, 555.
Elken, John, 617.
Ell Barrow (Wilsfora), 342.
Described, 405. Ditch run-
ning from, 221, 251, 316, 334.
Ellandune, Battle of, 45.
Ellen, Wolston (I. and II.), 599,
608, 611.
Ellendune=Wroughton, 416.
Ellett, widow, 627.
Elliott [Ellyott], Ann, 608, 616.
Cath., F. D., 503. James, 603,
616. Thomas, 503. ~ Lady
Violet, 649.
Ellis, Rev. J. H. , Library sold, 1913,
634. Obit., 117.
Elston (Orcheston), Saxon inter-
ment, 303.
Elton, Rob., 616.
Ely, Cathedral, 468, 469.
ys Nigel, Bp. of, Indulgence, 22,
Elyndon, alias Wroughton, 416,
Emots, Ralph, 574.
Encrinites, fossils, as beads, 156,
368.
End Farm (Sutton Veny), 327.
Enford, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &e., List of, 250, 251.
Church bells re- hung, 133.
Ditch, 221, 316, 334. Illusts.,
INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII. 675
124, 147, 538. Persons, see
Maton, E. B. See also Fifield.
Engleheart, Rev. G. H., collection,
240, 259; excavation, 294.
Englishcombe (Som.), Wansdyke,
293.
Eoliths, Alderbury, 159.
Laverstock, 278. Winter-
bourne Bassett, and Hackpen
Hill, 213, 356.
Erlegh, Sir Phil., and Rose de, 519.
Erghum, Ralph Bp. of Salisbury,
Indulgence, 29, 30.
Erlestoke, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &., List of, 252.
Formerly in Melksham, 127.
Ermine Street, course of, 45, 138,
157, 158, 206, 238, 278, 280, 338.
Escombe (Durham) Saxon Church,
452,
Escott by Swindon, Rob. & Will.
Streete, of, 575.
Escourt, see Bucknall-Kstcourt.
Etchilhampton, Registers pubd.,
149.
Ethandune, Battle of, Bury Wood,
Colerne, the Camp? 229.
Somerset site, A. F. Major on,
513, 514. :
Ethelred (King) died at Pewsey ?
133.
Evans, Sir Arthur, on date of
Bronze Age, 645.
Evell, Will., 600.
Ever, Mrs., 594.
Everley, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &., 252, 253. Ashes,
Barrow, 306.
Evesham, John de, 48.
Ewens, E. W., port., 143.
Ewstice, John, 617.
Ewyas fam., hold Lydiard, 132.
Excavations, see Avebury; Ave-
bury, Longstones & Kennet
Avenue; Bromham ; Casterley ;
Sarum, Old.
Exdown Copse (Collingbourne)
Ditch, 233.
Exeter Cathedral, 469, 476, 486.
Trade Guilds, 573.
Hyles, Mr., excavations, 360.
Sir John, of Southbroom, 239.
Eyre, Frances Eliz., 118. John
M.,, 118.
Fairmile Down (Collingbourne)
Long Barrow, 235; described,
389,
Fairy caught at Wishford, story
of, 533.
Falconer, J. E. P., 230. R.,
183.
Fane, Rev. A., excavations, 399.
Fanner, John, 627.
Fargo Cottages (Amesbury), 164,
166. Plantation, 365, 369 ;
Barrows, 169, 243, 366.
Farringdon, 28.
Farley, see Pitton.
Farnborough (Kent), 121.
Farneburgh, John de, 52.
Farnham (Dorset) Museum, Wilts
objects, 174, 194, 202, 217, 241.
338, 354. Visited, 553.
Farrer, Percy, plans excavations,
92
Faulston Down, Barrows, 204.
Fécamp, Thorold of, Abbot of Mal-
mesbury, 460.
Fell, Thos., 607.
Felpham (Sussex), 122.
Feltham, John, 619.
Thos., 622.
Fenton, Mr., excavations, 286.
Ferings, Nich. (or Rich.) de, Arch-
bishop of Dublin, 27.
Ferris, Mr., 520.
Fesher, Edw., 608.
Few, Robert, port., 535.
Fewe, Jetiery, 613.
Fezard [Feazard], Alice, 594.
Hen., 594, 618, 619. John,
622. Widow, 619, 622.
Fiffott, Walt., 594.
Fifield Ashes [F. Bavant], Earth-
work, 250.
Fifield Bavant, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, &c., see HEbbesbourne
Wake, 249. Barrow, 249.
Fifield (Enford) Folly, 251.
Persons, see White, John & Thos.
Figheldean, Antiquities, Prehis-
toric, &c., List of, 253—256.
Long Barrows described, 390,
391. Persons, see Whitlocke,
Will. & John.
Figsbury Rings,or Chlorus’s Camp,
described, 356.
Filleul, Lt. L. A., obit., 648.
Rev. P. W. G., 648.
Fillol, Will. & Mary, 52.
Fines, Feet of, for Wilts, printed,
130, 131, 531.
Fire Engine, old, Wootton Bas-
sett, 530.
Rob., 605.
7) 2, DD
676
Fisher, A. B., 647.
Dora, 647.
Edw., 599.
Canon, 508.
Eda, 508.
J. (Bishop) grants
Indulgence 33. J. (engraver),
571. Rich., 607.
Fisherton Anger, 499, Black-
friars, Indulgence to those re-
sorting to, 30. Bronze Dag-
ger, 316. See also Salisbury.
Fisherton Delamere, illust., 124.
Persons, see Crockford, T.
(Vicar) ; Newall, R. S.
Rom. Rd., 256.
Fittleton, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., List of, 256—258.
Church, illust., 124.
Ditch, 235. Held by Rich.
de Combe, 531. Long Bar-
rows, described, 391, 408, 409.
Persons, see Beach, Will.
Fitzalan fam. arms, 440. John,
19th Karl, 440.
Fitze [Fytzs], Rich., 596, 625.
Fitzherbert, Humph., 531.
Fitzmaurice, Lord, gifts, 8, 541,546,
638. Marg. d. of Lady
Charles, port., 142. See also
Petty-Fitzmaurice.
Fitzwarren [Fitzwaryn |,Constance,
52. Izod, 52. Sir Phil.,
49, 52.
Flahaut, Emily J. M. E. de, 649.
Flatt, Phoebe, 510.
Fleam Dyke nr. Newmarket, age
of, 514.
Flint implements, see Stone.
Flistridge Hill (Oaksey), 638.
Flower, Rich., 451.
Folk Lore, Danes, Legends of, 131.
Hag-ridden Horses, 521.
Laying of Ghosts, 521.
Word ale,132. See also Clerk’s
Ale; Curfew ; Dobbin Sunday ;
Hocktide ; Witchcraft.
Folliett, Alex., 607. Walt., 602,
615.
Folly Farm (Mildenhall), Rom.
Rd., 289, 317. Site of Upper
Cunetio, 288.
Folly Farm (S. Newton), Rom.Rd.,
295.
roy Lane (Bemerton), Rom. Rd.,
Fonthill Bishop, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &e., List of,
258. Subsidy, List of Names,
605.
INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII,
Fonthill Gifford, 591. Persons,
see Mervin, Will. (Vicar).
Subsidies, Lists of Names, 596,
626.
Fonthill House, Old, painting of,
128. Park, 127.
Fonts, Ancient, in Wiltshire, com-
plete collection of drawings by
H. Pridham purchased, list of
subscribers, 546—631. See
Amesbury, ‘Chirton, Holt (Den-
bighs), Stanton Fitzwarren,
Woodford, Wroughton.
Foordes, Fras., 603.
Foote, Hen., 628.
Ford (Laverstock), 394.
rows, 278. Rom. Rd., 278,
326.
Ford (N. Wraxhall) Church, illust.,
518. Deed, 519. Persons,
see Goule, J.; Yve, W.
Ford { Forde], Chr., 590, 616.
Edith, 616. Edm., 519.
Edw., 614. Fras., 616.
Reuben, 622. = hich: 6163
Rob., 603, 616. Will.
595, 608, 624,
Forests, see Brewham ; Savernake.
Forrester, H. C., 552.
Forward, Dorothy, 599, 609.
John, 599, 609; of Nash, 609.
Rog., 609. Thos., 599.
609.
Fosbury, antiquities, see Tidcombe.
Camp, “Haydon Hill Castle,”
or “Knoll Ditches,” described,
330. Ditch, 219, 235, 319, 330.
Fosse Bridge, 294,
Fosseway, course of, 113, 114, 159,
175, 2138, 230, 238, 249, 261, 267,
280, 284, 294-996, 320, 377.
Foster, Nay 39: Thos., 599, 607.
Four Hundred Down (Westbury)
Barrows, 340.
Four Mile Hill (Winterbourne
Earls ?) Barrow, 357.
Fovant, 148. "Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &c., List of, 259.
Fowler, Ferdinando (1. & ino 575.
F owleswick, land given to Malmes-
bury, 461.
Fox, The (Purton), Saxon inter-
ments, dll.
Foxbridge (Wanborough) Moat,
Rocking Wood, Wansdyke, 188.
See also Boxbury.
INDEX TO VOL XXXVIII. 677
_ Foxley, Fosse Way, 259. Roman
settlement, 249.
Foyle [Foiele], John, 594, 618.
Will, 594.
Frampton, Chas., funeral, 145.
Sir Geo., R.A., work by, 528.
France, old arms, 125.
Freeman, Will., 628.
Friars, see Fisherton Anger.
Fricker, Edw., 593, 618, 619, 621.
Hen., 595, 622. John,
594, 605, 620, 628. _—_Rich., 598,
620, 626, Will , 593, 621.
Friend’s Burial Ground (Donhead),
240.
Frieth Farm (M. Lavington ?) Bar-
rows, 279.
Fripsbury=Figsbury Rings, 356.
Frome (Som.), 136. Monastery
founded by Aldhelm, 459.
Frome Whytfield (Dors.) Chapel,
Indulgence for, 33.
Froxfield, 641. Rom, Pavement
and Cup at Rudge, 259,
Froude, John, 597, 623, 624.
Fry, John, 34. Thos., 598, 628.
Fryse, J., 36.
Fugglestone, Registers printed, 128.
Fulford, Hen., 615.
Fuller, G. P., 648; gift, 8; port.,
536. Mrs. G. P., 538 ; port.,
536. Lt. Ed. F., obit., 648.
Sir John and Lady, ports., 535.
R. F., gift, 9.
Furnell, John (1. & II.), 596, 622,
625. Marie, 625. Will., 619.
Further Bake Farm (Sutton Veny),
327.
Furze Hedge Barn (Brixton Dev-
erill), 210.
Fyfield (nr. Marlborough), An-
tiquities, Prehistoric, Roman,
&e,, List of, 259.
Fyfield Down (Milton Lilbourne),
259. Barrow, 292. Giant’s
Grave, Long Barrow, described,
395.
Fyfield, see also Fifield.
Fynmore, A. H. W., transcription,
128. .
Gablyn, James, see Gamlyn.
Gaistford, C., port., 143.
Gallowood, 318.
Gallows Barrow (Figheldean), 253.
Gallows Hill, Breamore (Hants),
Barrows, 242. Section of
Grims Ditch, 512.
Gamlyn, |[Gablyn], James, 600, 610.
Gammons Farm (Collingbourne
Kingstone) Ditch, 219, 226, 235,
319.
Gandavo, Simon de, see Ghent,
Simon of.
Gapper, Rob., 606.
Gardner, Willoughby,remarks, 443.
Gare Hill, Rom. Rd., 284.
Garland, Will., 609.
Garlicks, Widow, 39.
Garner, John, 610, 611.
Garrett, Widow, 615.
Gerrett.
Garsdon, art. on, noticed, 524.
Manor House, Mantelpiece, &c.,
art and illust. noticed, 131; Stair-
case, Ceiling, and Dog Gates,
illusts., 524, 531. Washington
Memorials at, art. on, noticed,
131, 530.
Garterel [Gartery] Mat., 619, 626.
Rich, 626.
Gartery, see Garterel.
Garton, J. W., 531. ;
Gascelyn fam., work at Sheldon,
517. Sir Edm. holds N.
Wraxhall, 519.
Gasper Hill (Sturton), 324.
Gattrel Copse (Stockton), Rom.
Rd., 323.
Gaunt, John of, holds Trowbridge,
528. Of the Fraternity of
the Ch. of Sarum, 570.
Gawen’s Barrow (Broad Chalke),
See also
211.
Gelligaer (Glam.), Rom. site, 88.
Geologists’ Association. visits
Dinton, Chilmark, & Wardour,
135.
Geology, see Calne; Chilmark;
Compton Bassett; Hackpen ;
Swindon; Tisbury; Winter-
bourne Monkton.
George, Hen., 617.
Gerrett, John, 601.
Garrett.
Gheeraedts Mare, ports. by 521.
Ghent [de Gandavo], Simon of, Bp.
of Salisbury, altar founded in
memory of, 563. Grants In-
dulgences, 27, 28. Register
of, printed, 544, 547.
Ghost laying at Little Hinton, 521.
Ghye, Sam. (I. & II.), 574.
Giants’ Caves (Luckington),Cham-
bered Long Barrow, 281, 394.
See also
678 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII.
Giants Chair (Downton) Barrow,
242.
Giant’s Grave (Aldbourne) Barrow,
157. (Breamore Down, Hants),
380. (Downton) Long Bar-
row, 241, 389. (Fyfield Down)
Long Barrow, described, 395.
(Martinsell) Ditches, 342.
(Milton Lilbourne), Long Bar-
row, 292.
Gibbe, John, 624.
Gibbes, John, 532.
Gibbet Knoll (M. Lavington),
Earthworks, 279.
Gibbins, see Gibbons.
Gibbons [Gibbins], F., 638.
John, 606. Ro b., 612.
Will.. (1. & IT.). 601, 606, 611, 612.
Gibbs, Widew, 610.
Giffard, Godfrey, Bp. of Worcester,
Indulgences, 24, 25, 27. H.
R., 648. Capt. Robt., obit.,
648.
Gifford, Mr., 616.
Gilberd, Cuthbert, 611, 613.
Gilbert, Walt. (I. & IT.), 613.
Gilchrist-Clark, Grace, port., 535.
Gilling Grove (Colerne) Ditch, 229.
Gipsy Lane (Chiseldon) Barrows,
924, 302.
Gislingham, John, 617.
Glacial Deposits in Wilts ? 456.
Gladiators’ Walk (Chisenbury)
Earthwork, 252.
Glass beads, cylindrical notched,
from Barrows, 156, 272, 334, 369;
Identical with Egyptian beads,
551, 643—645. See also
Roman, de.
Glass, painted, Melksham Ch., 127.
Salisbury Cathedral and
Hall of John Hall, 126.
Steeple Ashton Ch., 441.
Glass, Edw., port., 143, 535. -
Glastonbury Abbey, 470. Lake
Village, crucibles, 109.
Glory Ann, 310. lint imple-
ments and Brit. Village, 356.
Gloucester Abbey, 491, 492.
Cathedral, 460, 467, 490; Cloister,
487, 488.
Glover, John, 608. Rob., 38.
Will, 616.
Goatacre (Hilmarton) Drinking
Cup, & Coins, 265.
Goatsucker, 148.
Godbild, Will, 575.
Goddard, Rev. C. V., 277; Draw-
ings, 637; Gifts, 148, 149, 542 ;
Note, 638; Objects in his col-
lection, 187, 258, 261, 266, 269,
283, 304, 314, 321, 329.
Dwight, 525; gift, 541.
Rey.E.H.,21 ; "Acts as Guide, 436
—438, 452, 654: Excavations,
262, 282, 411; gifts, 9, 148, 450,
540, 541, 631 ; List of Pre-
historic, Roman, and Pagan
Saxon Antiquities in Wilts,
arranged under Parishes,
153—378; on the Identity of
the fallen stone in Kennet Ave-
nue, 9—11 ; on Stonehenge, 445 ;
on Proposal to re-cast Bells, 447 ;
Notes & Remarks, 107, 111, 114,
115, 444, 550, 582, 635—637 ;
Reads paper on Antiquities of
Wilts, 443; Writings, 141, 530.
Mrs. E. H., gift, 9. Mrs.
F., gift, 9 F. P., gift, 9.
John, 614 Nich., 597, 624.
Steph., 626, 629. Walt.,
628, 629. Will., Austin, 525.
Goddards of Poulton, 519.
“ Goddards of N. Wilts, Me-
moirof,” by R. Jefferies, reprinted
1912, noticed, 525, 541.
Godfrey holds N. Wraxall, 519.
Godsbury Barrow (Easton Royal),
249,
Godsal, Major P. T., gift, 541; Re-
marks, 4386; “ Woden’s, Grim’s,
and Offa’s Dykes,” noticed, 514,
515 ; Writings, 541. Capt.
W.., gift, 9.
Godwin, Earl, 459. _E., 537.
E. W., Excavations, 230.
Goffe, Joan, 615. Will., 608.
See also Gough.
Gofton, Rev. J., transcription, 128.
Gold Bracelets (Bronze Age), Tis-
bury, 332 ; Clench Common, 378.
Ornaments, &c., Bronze Age,
see List of Antiquities, 153—378;
In Devizes Museum, copied in
electrotype, 646. Ring, Yates-
bury, 376. Ring Money,
Bishopstone (S. Wilts), 205.
Torque, Allington, 161.
Gold, Mrs., 627.
Golden Ball Hill (Wilcot), Neo-
lithic flints, 148, 164, 342.
Golden Barrow (Upton Lovell), —
335.
INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII. 679
Golden Eye Duck, 111.
‘Golden Plover, 111.
Goldborough, Austin, 607.
Goldisborough, Augustine, 599,
604. Rob., 608.
Goldney, F. H., 648; gifts, 9, 638.
Sir G. Prior, gifts, 8, 638.
Sir John T., port., 143.
Goldston fam. of Alderbury, art.
on, noticed, 130.
Gomeldon (Idmiston) Barrow, 268.
Bronze Palstave, 269.
Portway, The, 269.
Goodenow, Ralph, 597.
Goodrich, Mr., architect, work by,
465.
Goose, bones in Long Barrow, 383.
Gopher Wood (Huish), 411.
Barrows, 341. Ditches, 267.
Gore Cross, 223, 248, 279, 285, 337.
Gore, Edw. & Hen., 574.
Goring, Ichnield Way, 138.
Gorst, Eva, 118.
Gospel Oak (Cricklade), acct. of,
523. InSt. Sampson’s Church,
origin of name, &c., E. H. God-
dard on, 633, 634. Farm,
illust., 538.
Gough, C. O., gifts, 149. Rich.,
571. W., gift, 542 ; “ Notes
on Wootton Bassett Town Hall,”
noticed, 530. See also Gotte.
Gould, Jos., 604. Rich., 630.
Thos., 598, 630.
Goule, John, 519.
_ Goulstone, Edm., 623.
Gourd, Rich., 598, 627.
Gowland, Dr., 444, 643.
Grace, Will., 622.
Grafton, East, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &c., List of 259,
260. Wexcombe Down Long
Barrow, 392.
Graham, Miss, 277.
Granham Hill (Preshute) Brit.
Village, 311.
Grans Barrow, Knowle Hill, Rock-
bourne (Hants), 380.
Grant, Will (I. & IT.), 575.
W. RB. O., 642.
Grant-Meek, A., gift, 9, 631.
Grant’s Farm, 209.
Gray, Annis, 619. Chr., 593,
621. H. St. G., 109 ; Acts
as Guide, 553,554; Excavations,
at Avebury, 182, 548, 638 ; Notes,
108, 553: On Rom. Coins from
Casterly, 93, 94; Reads on
Avebury, 552. Mrs. H. St.
G., 184. Jane, 618.
Will., 593, 618, 620, 621.
Grebe, Gt. Crested, nests in Wilts,
641.
Great Ditch Banks (Bowerchalke),
207.
Great Fore Down (Urchfont), 337.
Great Ridge Wood, 194, 208.
Rom. Rd., 223, 320.
Great Yews, 380.
Green Barrow Farm (Leigh Dela-
mere), 279.
“Green Roads of England,” by R.
H. Cox, noticed, 528.
Green, Emmanuel, gift, 541.
Greenaway, Fras., 40.
Greene, Alex., 606. Geo., 614.
Rich., 599, 607. Rob.,
624. Thos., 611.
Greenland Farm, 303, 366.
Greenwell, Canon, Excavations,
156, 266,
Greinfield, W., 39.
Grey, G. J., on Rom. Building at
Nettleton, 113, 114. Lady
Jane, Proclamation at Salisbury,
532.
Griffin, Hen. & Thos., 574.
Grim’s Ditch, age and object of,
Major Godsal on, 512—515.
Course of, 204, 26, 212, 237, 242,
266, 298, 299, 321, 326.
Grimston, Prebend in Salisbury
Cathedral, 571.
Grist, Will., 609.
Grittleton, House and Garden, Art.
and illusts. noticed, 525.
Rom. Remains, 261.
Grobham, John, 597.
Gromville[Gurumville,Gurimville,
Grunville, Gorumville], Peter
de,CanonofSalisbury, Indulgence
for prayers for, 28.
Grosvenor Countess, 123, 647.
Grove, Avice, 602, 615. G.
Troyte Chafyn, obit., 499.
Hugh, 624, 627. Rob., 597,
629. Thos., 597, 602, 615,
623, 627, 629. Sir Walt.,
MS. in possession of,
printed, 589—630.
Will., 519.
Grovely, 374. Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, Saxon, List
of, 261. Bough Day, illust.,
680 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII,
124, Castle Camp, 276.
Ditches, 187, 218, 242, 276. 355,
871, 872; on S. side of, 295.
Rom. Coins, 276; Rom. Rd,
course of, 187, 261, 326, 371, 375.
Works, Earthworks, Brit.
village, 55, 371.
Gudfellow, Geo., 625,
Guest, Edm., Bp. of Salisbury, 21.
Edwin, writings, 138.
Guier, Geo., 611. Randoll, 611.
tob., 610.
Gull, 148.
Gulliford, Walt., 613.
Gundry, R. S., gift, 9, 631.
Gurston Ashes, 212.
Gurumville, see Gromville.
Guyers House, 648.
Gwatkin, R. G., gift, 9.
Gwillim, L., Notes on
Names and Landmarks in
Marlborough, 34—40.
Gympie (Queensland) Gold Field,
Hae Hill, Earthworks, 183.
Koliths, 213, 356. Dise
Barrow, 10, Fossil wood,
Tertiary, 540, Ridgeway, 190,
806, 361. Sarsens, 360.
Hadow, Rev. G. R., gifts, 9, 148,
149,631 ; publishes RKegisters,139.
Hag-ridden Horses, 521.
Haile, Phil., 575.
Haines, Agnes D., and John P. 507.
Hakbourn, Lawrence de, elected
Bishop, 26.
Hales, Alex., 16. Fras., 604.
Hall, ’Arthur, 500. Emily, 500.
H. R., on Identity of Egyptian
and Wiltshire Beads, 644.
John W., port., 144.
Hallam, Rob., Bp. of Salisbury, 19.
Halliday, J. E. , port., 143.
Halneton [Halghton], John de, 27.
Haltern [Westphalia] Rom. Camp,
Pottery, age of, 81, 87.
Ham, Antiquities, Prehistoric, Ro-
man, &c., List of, 261, 262.
Ashley Copse, Barrow, 318.
Deeds, 532.
Ham Cottages (Heywood) Rom.
settlement, 264.
Hamada, Prof., remarks, 438.
Hambledon Hill (Dors.), Iron Saw,
Here a Farm (Teffont), Inter-
ment, 329.
Hamilton, Bp. of Salisbury, 508.
Hammond, J. J., writings, 128,130,
131, 139, 531, 590,
Hampshire, Boundaries originated
in Saxon Conquest, 512.
Hampshire Gap, Portway, 296.
Hampshire Gate, Rom. Rd., 226.
Hampstead (Berks), Icknield Way,
188.
Hampton Court, “ King’s Beasts,”
126.
Hampton Wick, 120.
Hamptworth House, illust., 541.
Lodge, Barrows, 312 ; illust.,
538.
Hamshill Ditches (Barford), Ditch
coming from, 295, 355, 372.
Bee es Brit. Village, 187,
18.
Hanbury, Edw. & Maud, 116.
Hand Barrow (Laverstock), 278,
394.
Handcock, Rev. S. F., note, 638,
Honketton Church, art. on, noticed,
526.
Hanle, Rob., 35.
Hannington Wick, Rom. House,
262.
Harden, Will., 606.
Harding, Agnes, 20. H. T., 5238.
J. K., benefaction and port.,
144, "'N icol, 20. Will.,
(I. & IL.), 608.
Hardy, Thos., writings, 153.
Hare Warren (Wilton) Barrows,
204, 354.
Hare, Augustus, art. on, noticed,
135,
Harestone Down (Stanton St.
Bernard), Barrow, 322.
Harewell, vol Bp. of Bath &
Wells, 3
Harnham, “inte and West, An-
tiquities, Prehistoric, Roman.
Saxon, List of, 262. Bridge,
see Salisbury :
Harradon ahs i (Bulfory iron spear —
head, 21 ;
Harradon, Will. 574.
Harris, Bart., 615. Geo., 602.
614, Hen., 602, 616.
J. M., gift, 9: Joan, 615,
John (I. & II.), 616.
Renatus, organ builder, 571.
Ursula, 614. Walt., 615.
Widow, 615. Will., 602, 615,
Harrison, Rev. D. P., 642 ; gift, 631.
INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII. 681
Rev. F., Life of, by W. J.
Lewis, noticed, 518, 519.
Harrow, 509.
Harte, John, will of, 519.
Hartgill, Rebecca, 600, 606.
Hartemead, Marlborough, 35.
Hartlebury, 27.
Harwell (Berks), Ichnield Ridge-
way and Portway, 138.
Haskell, [ Hascoll], Wada 628.
Will., 598, 628.
sé Hassock,” The, 398.
Hastings, Canon, 528,
Hatch tything, 590, 591. Sub-
sidies, Lists of names, 593, 620,
621.
Hatchbury, 575.
Hatcher, H., excavations, 239.
Hatfield Barrow cup clinestolce)
destroyed, 189, 285.
Hathway, H., 635. Mr., 282.
Hatt House ( (Box), Barrows, 207.
Havell, Will, 608.
Haverfield, Prof., 56. On Roman
Wiltshire, 645, Remarks, 82.
Hawkchurch, Chapel of St. Andrew
de Bradley, 29.
Hawkins, Rev. A. H., port., 536.
Hawley, Lt.-Col. W., Excavations,
215, 216, 258, 254, 257, 290, 294,
316, 320, 325, 547; on Old Sarum,
446 ; port., 145.
Haxton (Fittleton), 251. Bar-
rows, 256, 257. “O,.,” 256.
Hay Lane Wharf, illust., 539.
Hay, Rev. R. W., *sifts, 9, 542, 631,
Haydon Hill Camp= Fosbury
Camp, 330.
Hayes (Sedgehill), 597, 624.
Haylocke, Fras., 595. Joan,
595. John, 595, 622.
Rich., 595, 622. Will., 594,
Hayme, Rob., 628. Thos., 627.
Haymes, Morgan, 613.
Haystone tything, Subsidies, List
of names, 598, 626.
Hayter, Augustine, 596, 625.
James, 625. Will, 625.
Hayward, H.R. , Archdeacon, obit.,
6. Walt., 628. W. P.,
a8
Hazeland fam., 525.
Se ory Bryan, Montagu Arms,
126,
Headington (Oxon), 5038.
Heale Hill (Woodford) Barrows,
371. Brit. Village & Ditch,
VOL, XXXVIII—NO,. CXXII.
372. House, illusts., 124, 144.
Heath Wood (Wishford), Earth-
works, 371.
Heathe (Hethe) fam., of Bremhill,
136. Maud, her Causey, arts.
and illusts., noticed, 136, 523.
Hebditch, Sampson, 600.
Hedda, Bp. of Wessex, 459.
Heddington, Antiquities, Prehis-
toric, Roman, &c., List of, 262.
King’s Play Down, Long
Barrow, 392. Registers, 140.
Wick, site of Verlucio? 263.
Hefell, Will., 605.
Heighmoore, Mr., 614.
Heling, Will., 625.
Helhiar [Hellyer], John, 604.
Widow, 626. Will., 611.
Helme, Will., 596.
Helmes, Will., 622.
Hemer, Nath., 602.
Hemyngsby, Alex., endowment of,
obit in Cathedral, 568.
Hendy, Will., 611; willof, printed,
527.
Hengistbury (Hants), Late Celtic
Pottery, 83.
H any Bottom(Buttermere) Ditch,
19
Henry III. (King), arms of, 126.
Henslow, Rev. T. G., Excavations,
322
Henxbridge, Indulgence for repair
of road, 31.
Heraldry at Keevil, Talboys, 440.
Malmesbury Abbey, 485.
Steeple Ashton Church (Glass),
441, Salisbury Cathedral
(Glass), 125, 126. In Zurich
Roll, 126.
Heraldry, Arms of Beauchamp, 126,
488, 489. Berkeley, 489.
Bigod, 126.
Cornwall, Rich., Earl of, 126.
Despencer, 126, 489,
Eleanor (Queen), 125.
Fitzalan, 440. France, Old,
125. Hen. ITI., 126.
Hen. VII., 485. Malmesbury
Abbey, 489. Maltravers, 440.
Montagu, 126. Mon-
thermer, 126, Mortimer,
489. Nevill, 126. New-
burg, 126. Provence, Counts
of, 125. Washington, 531,
Herbert, Hon. Geo. Sidney, 121.
Lady Muriel, 121. Hon.
BN
Clare, 125, 126. ~
682 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII,
Patricia, port., 143. Reginald,
Ld. Herbert, 121, 143 ; port., 144.
Hon. Sidney, port., 143.
Herbert of Lea, Sidney Herbert,
Ld., 120.
Herdswick Farm, 224, 302.
Herkomer, H. G., port. by, 507.
Herman, Bp. of Wilton, builds
Bell Tower at Malmesbury, 459.
Began Norman Church at
Old Sarum, 446.
Hermitage (Berks), ancient rd., 138.
Hermitages, at Bradford-on-Avon,
31. Marlborough, 34.
Sherborne, 31.
Hermits, see Dughernt, W.
Hertford Monument in Salisbury
Cathedral, 560.
Hertrugge, Hliz., 51, 52. John
de, 52.
Hewes, Nich., 600, 605.
Hewett, Capt., 499. Mrs. H.
Tove , port., 142. H.V., obit.,
Will, 599, 607.
Howlett, Maurice “(of Broad
Chalke), “Lore of Proserpine,”
by, noticed, 533; writings, 140.
Heytesbury, Antiquities, Prehis-
toric, Roman, &c., List of, 263,
264. Church, Indulgence to
those visiting, 22. Tllust.,
124, Long Barrows, 392.
Heywood, Antiquities, Roman,&c.,
List of, : Persons, see
Cox, Barth. & Will.
Hibberd, John, 623.
Hibditch, Samson, 610,
Hickway way, 138.
Hicks, Geo., 633.
Hicks-Beach, Major Archibald,440,
Highelclere, 27.
Highfield (Salisbury), Flint Celt,
316. Pit dwellings, 317.
Highway, coins, 265,
Highworth, BronzeChisel andCelts,
265. Chapel graveyard, In-
scriptions copied,149. | Church-
yard, inscriptions copied, 450.
Tllusts., 147. Persons, see
Bridges, Mich.; Cooper, H. G. ;
Jeffreys, Fras. & Rob. ; Stephens,
Rev. J. E. D. (Vicar). Reg-
isters, 140. To Cricklade,
Cobbett’s Rides, 133. See
also Eastrop.
Hill, Agnes, 506.
535, Chr., 612
C., port.,
James,
604, 618. Rev. J. H., gifts, 9,
631. Jobn, 506, Osmond,
608. Police-Sergt., 225.
Thos. §., obit., 120; port., 535.
, 39. W. B., gift, 541 ;
Writings, 524.
Hill Deverill, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &e., List of,
265.
Hillier, Superintendent, port., 142.
Hillman fam., registers, 531.
Hillocks Wood (Lyneham) Camp,
282.
Hilmarton, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &e., List of, 265.
Deeds, 532.
Hilperton, Persons, see Keen, J. :
Mann, Miss M.S.
Hill’s Copse (Cholderton), 217.
Hilton, Rev. L. K., obit., 508.
Miss, port., 144.
Hindon, 275. Subsidy, List of —
names, 605. Token, unpubd.,
148,
Hinton Parva, 520. Antiqui-
ties, Prehistoric, Roman, &c., List
of, 266.
Hinton, Rob., 617.
Hinx (Place), 609.
Hiscocke[ Hyscocke], Rob., 607,624.
Hiscombe Wood (Deverell) Ditch,
273.
Hisomley (Dilton), Rom. settle- —
ment, 239.
Hitchcock, Rog., 38.
Hoare, Sir R. C., 55, 60, 61, 66,
107, 398. Barrows opened
by, see List of Antiquities, 153—
378. Drawings. of Wilts
Antiquities,done for Sir R. C. H.,
634, 635. Excavations, 55,
56, 380, 390, 396, 638. MS.
Notes of Antique Inscriptions in
Italy, 541.
Hobbs, Thos., 603, 617. Widow,
617. Will., 608, 617.
Hobhouse, Rt. Hon: Charles, port., —
536. site (Os 12, Proposal as
to Bradford Barn, 549, 550. ‘
Reg., 550.
Hobson, Fras., obit., 117.
Hocktide, Hungerford, illusts.,147.
Hod HillCamp(Dors.),construction
of banks, 437. Visited, 553.
Hodson, 520.
Holbury Copse (Hants), Rom.
remains, 239.
INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII. 683
[> ies Hole (Deverill) Ditch,
aetie Rev. O. M., 550, 551 ; gift,
631.
Hole, H. J., G., 302.
Holgate, Will., ’ prisoner in France,
30.
Holland, Clive, writings, 133.
Holles, Hon. Denzell, 601, 613.
N athan, 608.
Holloway Hedge (Steeple Lang-
ford), 277.
Holloway [Holway], Mr., 537.
Anth, 615. Hen., 509,
John, 602. Rob., 602, 613,614.
Thos., 509, 602, 616 ; gift, 9.
Thos. H., obit., 509.
Hollyflower (W. Dean), Rom. Villa,
239,
Holmes Clump (Figheldean), 256.
Holt, Congregational Church,
illust., 538. Surnames, art.
on, noticed, 527. Worked
flints in gravel, 266.
Holt (Denb.) Church, Font, 126.
Holwaye, Fras., 609.
Holy Isle, Rob. of, Bp. of Durham,
24.
Holy Land, Letters testimonial
for traveller to, 32.
Homington, Antiquities, Prehis-
toric, Roman, &c., List of, 266.
Honiton (Dev.) Leper Hospital, 31.
Hony [Honny], Mrs., gift, 148.
G. B., work at Museum, 547;
writings, 542. John, 598, 628.
Honeystreet (Alton Barnes) course
Ridgeway, 164. Rom.
Settlement & Remains, 162.
Hooded Crow, 111.
Hooklands Plantation (Woodford)
Barrows, 371.
Hooper, Bp., 21. Edw., 613,
Geo., 608. John, 604,
6L1, 618. Rich., 574.
Thos., 574, 601. Will., 574.
Hope, Sir W. H. St. J., 494.
Acts as Guide, 445. Exca-
vations, 325, 547. Gift, 9.
On Avebury, construction of
bank, 437. On Edington
Church, 442. On Silbury
Hill, 438, On Old Sarum,
445, Remarks, 437, 440, 441.
Hope, Lady, gift, 9.
Hopkinson, Major, & Hon. Mrs.,
BA,
Hore ad usum Sarum, printed 1510,
338.
Horder, Will., 628.
Hordern, Ellen and Rev. Peter, 122.
Hornby, C. H. St. J., gift, 9.
Horningsham, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &c., List of, 266.
Chapel, Elizabethan, 539,
Horse Barrow (Winterbourne
Gunner), 268, 269, 357.
Horse Down Clump (Tollard
Royal) Ditch, 333.
Horse Shoes, from top of barrow,
178. Lobed or sinuous edged,
age of, 99; at Silbury, 186.
Horsey, Mr., 615, Oliver, 602.
Horslip Gap, Long Barrow, for-
merly, 411.
Horton (Bishops Cannings), 1838.
Down, Barrows, 201.
Earthwork enclosure, 202.
Long Barrow, 386.
Horton, Mr. & Mrs., 538, Sir
John builds Broughton Gifford
House, 135.
Hosea, Alex., 574.
Hospitals, see Clerkenwell, St. John
of Jerusalem; Devizes, St. John;
Honiton (Dev. He Hounslow, St.
Anthony ; Langfort ; London, S.
Mary of Bethlehem, and ‘St.
Thomas of Acon : Maiden Brad-
ley; Malmesbury, St. John;
Marlborough, St. John; Rome,
H. Trinity, and St. Thomas
of Canterbury ; Salisbury, H.
Trinity ; Sarum, Old, St. John ;
Vienne, St. Anthony ; Wilton,
St. Giles and St. John.
Hotham, Harriet, 121. Col.
Geo., 121, - Will. de, Arch-
bishop of Dublin, 27.
Hougomont Farm (near Colling-
ingbourne), 231.
Hounslow, Hospitalof St.Anthony,
33.
Houses,secAmesbury A bbey;Ashton
Keynes ; Berwick St. Leonard ;
Bowood ; Boyton ; Bromham :
Broughton Gifford ; Chalfield,
Gt. ; Chiseldon ; Colerne; Comp-
ton Chamberlaine ; Dauntsey ;
Devizes Castle, & Greystone
Ho. ; Draycot Cerne ; Durnford,
Little ; Fonthill Ho. : Garsdon;
Hamptworth ; Heale; Keevil
Manor & Tallboys ; Knook
Bi We
684
Manor ; Lake ; Lansdowne
House; Lavington, W. ; Little
Park; Littlecote; Lydiard
Millicent ; Longleat; Malmes-
bury Abbey Ho.; Mere, Wood-
lands; Ridge, Little ; Rood Ash-
ton ; Salisbury ; Sheldon ; Slo-
perton; Southbroom; Spye
Park; Steeple Ashton Manor ;
Stockton ; Tilshead Lodge ;
Tollard Royal, K. John’s Ho. ;
Tytherton, West; Westwood.
_ How, George, 597, 622. John,
597
Howell, John, benefactions, 519.
Will., 599.
Howorth, Sir Hen., 514; on age
of Saxon Church, Bradford,
455 ; remarks, 436, 439, 440, 442,
445, 456.
Hubba, the Dane,site of his defeat,
in Somerset, 513.
Hubba’s Lowe, see Lanhill Long
Barrow.
Huddy, Eliz. and Will., 595.
Huett, John and Mat., 608.
Hugh, St., of Lincoln, 17, 18.
Hughes, (—), 473.
Huish, 411. Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &c., List of, 267.
Hill. Brit. settlement, 342.
Huistes, Hen., 593.
Hullavington, Fosseway, 267.
Hullett, Will., 619.
Human remains, at Casterly,
72; Dr. J. Beddoe on, 94—
97. Dr. Thurnam’s Wilt-
shire Skulls at Cambridge, MS.
List of, 381. Skulls from
Long Barrows at Cambridge,
382, 383, 396, 397, 401, 402, 406,
407.
Humphrys, Mr., 44.
Humphries, I., 498. Winifred,
498.
Humphry (Humfry], Mich. 623.
Rich., 621. Thos., 611.
Hungerford, Hocktide, illust., 147.
Hungerford fam. work at Sheldon,
517. Sir Edw., deed, 531.
Walt., Lord, Monument in
Cathedral, 564.
Hungry Lodge (Shalbourne)
Ditch, 319.
Hunsdon, Anne, 600.
Hunt, And., 613. Miss B.,
writings, 141. James, 602,
INDEX TO VOL, XXXVIII,
614. John, 613. Rabinett,
602, 613. Rog., 603, 616.
Thos., 39, 602, 613, 614.
Will., 627.
Hunt Grubbe, Admiral Sir Walt.,
gift, 148.
Hunter’s Barrow (Collingbourne),
235.
Huntley, Jordan (I. & II.), 574.
Hunton, James, 606.
Hunt’s Mill (Wootton Bassett),
Norman Kiln, 372.
Hurdcott (Baverstock), Flint pick,
187.
Hurle, Cuth., 601, 612.
40, Will, 611.
Husey fam., 519.
perty, 519. John, 519.
Marg., 519. Will., 619.
Hush, Thos, 630.
Hustis, Hen. & John, 620.
Hut Circles, Casterly, 72.
Rotherley, 72. Shepherd's
Shore, Old, Mrs. M. E.
Cunnington on Excavation
of, 203, 632, 633.
Hutchens, Mrs., 607.
Hutchins, Mr., Excavations, 217,
295. Rey. A. B., Excavations,
370.
Hutchinson, Rev. C. G., port., 143.
Huth, Geoffrey E., port., 143, 535.
Hyde fam., 590; of Wilts and
Cheshire, art. on. noticed, 131.
Anne, 590, 591, 620. Edw.,
623 ; owns Chicklade, 589.
Hen., death, 589. Rob., 593;
of Buckland Newton (Dors.),
591; of Hatch, 590, 591.
Hydon Hill (Broad Chalke) Bar-
rows, 211.
Hypocausts,
73, 91 (fig.).
Iceni, The, 137.
Icelston Meer Road, 138.
“Tchnield Way, The,” by Edw.
Thomas, noticed, 137, 138.
Course of, discussed, 137, 138,
338. Etymology, 137.
Mentioned in Saxon Charters,
138. Not Roman, 138.
Icleton way (Berks), 138.
Idmiston, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., List of, 267—269.
Barrows, 357. Ditch, —
370. Register pub., 505.
Idstone Down (Berks), Ditch, 204 —
Mary,
Lord, pro-
-shaped, Casterly,
Upton Lovell, 336.
:
INDEX TO VOL, XXXVIII. 685
Iford (Westwood), Flint Imple-
ments, 341.
land, 609.
Ilchester, Earl of, 161.
Iles, John, 574.
Tley (Warminster)=Avcglea, 514.
Ilsley, Humph., 38.
Imber, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., List of, 269, 270.
Firs, Barrow, 264. Long
Barrow, destroyed, 409. Old
House, illust., 124. Property,
509. Wadman’s Copse, Bar-
row & Brit. Village, 269, 270.
Ina (King), statue at Wells, 568.
Indulgences, for devotion of the
“Image of Pity,” &e., 33.
InSarum Primer and Horae, 21.
Theory and origin of,
15—22. “Tot Quots, 33.
Wiltshire Indulgences,
Canon Chr. Wordsworth on,
15-33.
Industries, see Cloth making;
willow weaving.
Ingham, Rev. F. A., port., 536.
Inglethorpe, Thos., Bp. of Roches-
ter, 25. :
Inkpen (Berks.), Barrows, 261.
Wansdyke, 319.
Inscriptions, antique in Italy, MS.
notes by Sir R. C. Hoare, 541.
See Salisbury Cathedral;
Semington Ch.
Interments in Sand, destructive
effect on bones ? 44. Under
large Sarsens without barrows,
360; at Clyffe Pypard, 227;
Durrington, 248; Yatesbury,
376. See also Avebury, Ken-
ae Avenue; Shepherd’s Shore,
Inwoods(Monkton Farleigh), Rom.
Coins, 293. (644.
Ireland, Gold in Prehistoric times,
Tron Age, Early, see Late Celtic.
Iron Arrowhead, Burcombe, 540.
Knife, 632. Ox Goad,
104 (fig.). ~ Slag and Scorie,
Casterly, 64, 103, 105. Spear-
head, Bulford, 637. See also
Roman objects; Late Celtic ob-
jects; List of Antiquities, 153—
378.
Irving, Mrs. Belt, gift, 110, 449.
Isabella (or Eliz.) of France, w. of
Rich. IL., 567.
Isacraft, Ahasuerus, 575.
Islington, Lord, port., 143.
“Ttalian” Bronze brooch, N.
Wraxall, 372. [236.
Ivers (Compton Chamberlayne),
Ivinghoe (Bucks), 120.
Ivry, Monastery, Pension paid to,
by Wroughton, 416. ‘
Iwerne Minster (Dors.) Church,
visited, 552.
Jackes, Rob., 606.
Jack’s Castle, or Selwood Barrow
(Kilmington), 271.
Jackson, Canon J. E., writings, 136.
Jacob, Rev. C. W., 633.
Jagdens (Tollard Royal?) Ditch,
333.
James, Mr., 537. John, 610,
Jason fam., of Broad Somerford,
arts. on, noticed, 130, 131, 530.
Jefferie, widow, 624.
Jefferies, Anne, 595. Richard,
born at Coate, 523; “Etude
dune Personnalité,” by C. J.
Masseck:, noticed, 140; “Memoir
of the Goddards of N. Wilts,” by,
reprinted 1912, 525.
Jeffreys, E. W., 211. Fras. and
Rob., 574.
Jenner, Capt. Ju. C., 8, 12, 487;
gift, 638.
Jennor, Rob., founds Free School
at Cricklade, 132.
Jerrard, Edw., 624.
626.
Jervice, see Jervis.
Jervis [Jervice], Leonard, 628.
Thos., 627. Widow, 626.
Jesse, Will., 596, 625.
Jey, Fras., 623. Thos., 593, 621.
Will, 603.
Joanes, widow, 614.
Jobson, Major, port., 143.
Joceline, Bp. of Bath & Wells, work
at Wells, 568.
John (King), 126.
Johnson, Rev. J. H., prints pamph-
lets at Tilshead, 148,
Jones, Canon W. H., 452.
Walt., 574.
Joy, Will., 616.
Joyce’s Copse (Collingbourne), 233.
Jubilee Plantation (Hast Grafton),
260, 392. Wood (Corsham)
Barrow, 237.
Judd, Prof., Theory of origin of
stones of Stonehenge, 445,
Will., 596,
686 INDEX TO VOL, XXXVIII.
Jupe [Jupes], Fras., 606, 611.
John, 606, 610. Rob., 606.
Rob., 605, 606. Will, 611.
Kandahar, Battle of, 498.
Karevill, Rob. de, Treasurer of
Salisbury, benefaction and Chan-
try, 562, 566.
Kashmir, Beehives, 100.
Keate, Nich., 628.
Keble, Rev. R. J., 425.
Keck, Sir Anth., 130.
Keen, James & Mrs., ports., 142.
Keesley [Keysley] (Brixton Dev-
erill) Down, Barrow, 292, 293.
_Lodge, Barrows, 275.
Keetch, Thos. (I. & II.), 575.
Keevil, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., List of, 270.
Coople or Couple Church Field,
site of old Church, stone celt
found, 270, 540, 637. Manor
House, visited, date, story of
Ann Beach, 440, 441. Per-
sons, see Beach fam.; Dickson,
Gen.; Hicks-Beach,Arch.; Lister,
E. C.; Richardson, A. T. (Vicar) ;
Wainhouse, W. Talboys Ho.,
illust.. 145 ; visited, 440.
Kemm, Mr., 10.
Kempe, Painted glass by, 130.
Kendall, Rev. H. G. O., 108, 114,
154, 355; acts as Guide, 457;
objects in his collection, 164, 184,
189, 213, 322, 360 ; Finds Eoliths,
356; Gifts, 9, 148, 450, 540 ;Note,
110; Reads on Klint implements,
456. Nich., 599, 608.
Kenilworth Church, 475.
Kennett Avenue, see Avebury.
British Copper Coin, 637.
Kennett, East, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &c., List of, 270,
Q71. Long Barrow, 393.
Persons, see Connor, Rev. W.
See also Lerkeley Hill.
Kennett River, 35, 38, 40. Flint
celt, 312.
Kennett Valley, 112.
Kennett, West, Barrows, 177.
Flints, 184. Long Barrow,
177; Described, 385 ; Oolitic
Walling, 382 ; Pottery, with
white filling, 582 ; Stones round,
destroyed, 410.
Kent, John, 602, 615.
Kerly, Edw., 613.
628, 629.
Will. 598,
Kerry, Countess of, ports., 143, 535.
Kerton Farm (Semley), 318.
Keton, John de, Bp. of Ely, 28.
Key, Rob., 32.
Keymer, Dean of Salisbury, Chan-
try, 562.
Keysley, see Keesley.
Khaba’ Anah (Egypt), pottery, 581.
Kilbarry House (Cork), 506.
Kill Barrow (Tilshead), Long Bar-
Bow, 224,331, 332, 380; described,
Kill, Rich, , (I. & IL.), 575.
Kilmington, Antiquities, Prehis-
toric, “Roman, &c., List of, 271.
Kalwardby, Rob., 23.
Kimmeridge Clay, Saurians, 540.
Kimmeridge Shale, vessel, Cast-
erly, 105.
King [Kinge], Austin, 619.
Dorothy, 614. Edw., 600,
606. Etheldred, 628.
Joan, 624. John (1. & II.),
597, 604, 606 ; of Sweetwell, 624.
Rich., 597, 614, 624.
Rob., 607. Thos. (I.—IIL),
597, 610, 626, 628; of Hayes,
624; of Sharphayes, 624; of
Stock lane, 624 ; of Whitemarsh,
624. Widow, 601, 604.
King, alias Mydwynter, Rob., 35.
King Barrow (Bishopstrow), 205,
404,
King John’s House, see Tollard
Royal.
King’s Hill (Kingston Deverill),
Barrows, 272.
Kings Lynn, 506.
King’s Manor Farm (Clarendon),
British coin, 227.
King’s Play Down (Heddington),
Barrows, 262. Long Barrow,
392.
Kingsdown (Box), Ditch, 207.
House, 116. Plantation,
(Monkton Farleigh), 293.
Kingsland, Rev. J. P., gift, 650.
‘Kingston Deverill, 505, 590.
Antiquities, Prehistoric, Roman,
&e., 272, 273. Owned by
Ludlow fam., 590. Persons,
sce Newland, Thos. (Vicar).
Registers pub., 505. Sub-
sidies, Lists of Names, 601, 611,
612.
Kingston Lisle (Berks), 520.
Kington Langley, 510.
INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII. 687
Kington St. Michael, Deed, 531.
| Registers printed, 128.
Kington, West, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &e., List of, 273.
Kinneir, Eb gift, 631.
Kirkham, Rev. G. H., 135.
Kitchen Barrow (Bishops Can-
nings), 199. Long Barrow,
386.
Kite, Edw., writings, 132, 526, 530,
532.
Knap Barrow, Knowle Hill, Toyd
Farm (Hants), 380.
Knap Hill Camp, 163. Excava-
tions, causeways, 53. Devil’s
trackway, 163. Pottery, 88,
90.
Knapp (Mere 2), 599, 608.
Knapp, John (I. & II.), 575.
ETO, Bridget, 598. Widow,
Knight, Nich., 627. Rich., 620.
Steph., "629. Widow,
606, 626, 627,
Knightley, Geo., 574.
Knighton (Broad Chalke) Barrows,
211. Camperroneously placed
here by Hoare, 274. Ditches,
212. Earthwork enclosures,
512. arigh Wood, 205; Rom.
Rd.,
eon (Figheldean) Long Bar-
row, 244, 255; described, 390.
Knighton (Wootton Bassett), 372.
Knoll Ditches=Fosbury Camp, 330.
Knoll Down (Avebury), 175.
Knook, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &ec., List of, 274.
Barrows, 335, 377. Brit.
Village, 104, 393. Long
Barrows, 380, 393. Manor,
illust., 124.
Knook Castle Camp(UptonLovell),
274, 335, 377; Ditch running
from, 332.
Knowle Farm (Little Bedwyn),
Barrow opened, 640, 641.
Bronze Spearhead, 540, 636.
Pit, age of Gravels, 456.
Knowle Hill (Broad. Chalke) Bar-
row, 211. Earthwork, 212.
Knowle Hill (Hants) Lon o.Barrows,
380.
Knowtham Pond (Cheverell), 222.
Knowlton (Dors.) Circles & Earth-
works, 511, 529.
Knoyle Down Farm, Barrow, 275.
Knoyle, East (or Bishop’s), 555.
Antiquities, Prehistoric, Ro-
man, &c., List of, 274, 275.
Long Barrow, 393. Church,
restored, 499. Persons, see
Milford, R. N.(Vicar); Wyndham,
Rt. Hon. Geo., Percy, and Percy
1b, Registers, 140. School
built, 499. Subsidies, Lists
of names, 1641, 592, 604.
Knoyle, West (or Odierne), 590,
Antiquities, Prehistoric, Roman,
&e., List of, 275. Subsidies,
Lists of ae 1641, 600, 606.
Knubley, Rev. E. P., 270 ; acts as
Guide, 441; Gifts, 540, 637.
Lacey, John de, prayers for, 25.
Lackham (Lacock), Deeds, 532.
Persons, see Montagu, Geo.
Lacock, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &e., List of, 276.
Abbey, Church destroyed, 496;
Sharington’s work at La-
cock, Sudeley, and Dudley,
Rev. W. G. Clark-Maxwell
on, 426—434 ( jigs.) ; Tapestry
Room, 427. Church, illust.,
538. Church House formerly
in Ch. yd., 131. Deeds, 532.
Drawin gs by J. Carter, ‘sold,
107. Golden Oriole, 641.
Persons, see Gilchrist Clark,
Grace; Hunt, Miss B
Registers, 530. Wick field,
Rom. Coins, 276.
Ladydown (Tisbury), Purbeck
beds, illust., 135.
Lady Well (Edington), 250.
Laing, Miss, gift, 9.
Lake (Wilsford), Barrows, 347—
350, 352. Bottom, 352,
Cylindrical glass beads, illust.,
644. Down, Ditches, 352.
354, 369. House, 542 ; illust.,
124 ; Objects in the collection,
217, 349, 354. Ownership,
531. [228.
Lamb Down (Codford), Barrows,
Lamb Down Furze Me tee
Ditch, 331.
Lambert, Edm., 441. Rev. §
gift, 631. Theophilus, 604.
Thos., owned Keevil, 441.
Lambourne (Berks), 116, 187, 312.
Lambton, Admiral the Hon. Sir
Hedworth, gift, 311. Lady
Beatrix Louisa, 120.
688 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII,
Lamellen (Corn.), 647.
Laneaster, Duchy of, 528.
Lancaster, Will., 619.
Lande, Hilde... . de, 25.
Landford, Barrow, 276. Per-
sons, see Eyre, J. M.
Lane, Bowyer, excavations, 217.
Edith, 625. Elias, 622.
Laney, Rich., 36, 39.
Lanford, Rob., 37.
Langford, Hanging (Steeple Lang-
ford), Camp,277; Ditch from,239.
Langford, Little, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &e., List of,
276. Church, illust., 124.
Langford, Steeple, Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, &c., List of,
276, 277.
Langfort, Leper Hospital, 31.
Langley Burrell, Barrow Farm,
278. Church, Tomb wrongly
ascribed to Maud Heath, illust.,
136. Persons, see Knapp,
John.
Langley, Edw., 575. Rey. John,
notes, 136.
Langton, John de, Bp. of Chiches-
ter, 27. Stephen, Archbishop,
22. Walt. de, Bp. of Coven-
try, 27.
Lanham, Jeffery and Walt., 615.
Lanhill (Chippenham), Long Bar-
row, 380; described, 388; =
Hubba’s Lowe, 223.
Laninge, Widow, 608.
Lansdown, G., port., 522.
Lansdowne House (London), work
of Adam, 517.
Lansdowne, Lady, port., 536.
Marquis of, 500, 648 ; gifts, 8,
638; port., 5386; writings, 140.
1st and 8rd Marquisses,
work at Bowood, 517.
Lapp, Gab., 614, 616.
Large & Co., Messrs., 121.
Lark Hill, 389.
Larmer Grounds,see Tollard Royal.
Late Celtic (Karly Iron age), see
List of Antiquities in Wilts, 153
—378. Art, 581. Bronze
Chape of Sword, Beckhampton,
109,111( fig.): Pin with ring head
and waved stem, Liddington,
580, 581, 584 ( jig.) Brooches,
Bronze, 103, 104 (jfig.) ; Certosa
type, 187. Brooches, La Tene
I type, Avebury, 185; Baydon,
187; Bishopstrow, 205; Box,
207; Bush Barrow, 354; Lav-
ington, W., 279 ; Rotherley, 194 ;
Silbury, 185. Brooches, Iron,
Casterly,78,104 (fig.) ; Wedhamp-
ton, 337. Bucket, Marl-
borough, 311- Combs, bone,
weaving, 222: Highfield, 317;
Oare, 298; Winkelbury, 193.
Iron, Hammerhead, Casterly, 64 ;
Key, sickle-shaped, 104 (jig.) ;
object plated with tin, horse fur-
niture? 98 (jfig.); vessel, frag-
ments of repoussé ornament, 580,
581. Loom weights, 211 ;
Highfield, 317; Casterly, 78, 89,
3384; Oldbury, 220; Swindon,
44; Winkelbury, 193. Pits,
easterly, 77; Hod Hill (Dors.),
3.
Late Celtic Pottery, Casterly, 85,
86 (figs.): Knap Hill, 90; Lid-
dington, 280, 578, 583, 584 ( figs.) ;
Oare, 89. Bead rim bowls.
age of in England and Germany,
81—83; in Wilts, 87, 88; at
Casterly, 74, 75, 81, 84; at Rush-
more, 90. Belgic imported
wares,Casterly, 89 (jigs.).
Black colour due to fuming, 88.
Cooking pot, Casterly, 78
(fig.). Cordoned ware, Casterly,
89 (fig.); Rushmore, 194.
Crucibles, Winterbourne Monk-
ton, &., 109, 110. Earthen-
ware stamp, Bedwyn, 188.
Urns, Marlborough, 285. See
also All Cannings Cross Farm ;
Avebury ; Wilsford.
Late Celtic Querns, Liddington,
579. Spindle whorls, 78, 105.
Whetstone. 79.
Latton, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., List of, 278.
Registers printed, 128.
Laverstock, Antiquities, Prehis-
toric Roman, &c., List of, 278.
Barrows, 357; ‘‘ Hand Bar-
row” Long Barrow, 378, 394.
Church, Indulgence for Re-
building, 1410, 31. Portway,
The,326. Registers printed,505.
Laverton, W. H., port., 144.
Lavington, Bronze Spearhead, 636.
Persons, see Cooper, Jasper ;
Potter, Fras. Rom. Relief
wrongly assigned to, 377.
INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII. 689
Lavington, Market, or East,’ An-
' tiquities, Prehistoric, Roman,
&e., List of, 279.
Lavington, Bishop’s, or West, An-
tiquities, Prehistoric, Roman,
&c., List of, 279. Dauntsey
Agric. School, 510; Magazine,
148, 502. Ditch, 270.
Manor House enlarged, 509.
Penning Barn, Brit. Village, 270.
Persons, see Holloway fam.
See also Littleton Panell.
Lavington, men 574. . T., gift,
9. , BTA.
Law, Bonar, 146.
Lawes, E. EH. Thornton, gift, 9.
Hen., 622. Nich., 603, 616.
Thomas, 613.
Lawrence, arms, 531. Nich.,
617. S. J., port., 144.
“Sir Thomas,” by Sir W. Arm-
strong, noticed, 136. W. F.,
gift, 9.
Lawson, W. H., port., 144.
Layer Marney (Essex) windows,
428.
Leach, Mr., owns Devizes Castle,
116.
Leaf, H., gift, 9.
Lear, Archdeacon Fras., obit., 508 ;
port., 536. Fras., Dean of
Salisbury, 508.
Leatherstreet, 500.
Leaversage | Leversage], And., 613.
Gartred, 612. Mary, 612.
John, 613.
Leckford Bottom, Barrows, 233.
Ledbury, W. N., port., 143.
Lee (Kent), 501.
Leeds, E. Thurlow, 154 ; note, 640,
641.
Leicester, 506.
Leigh Delamere, Green Baan
Farm, 279.
F LeipsicPlantation( Roundway),315.
Lendon, A. E., port., 536.
Lent, Licenses to eat flesh, 131.
Lenten veil at Salisbury Cathedral,
558.
-“TLentings,” defined, 16.
“Leopards of England,” by E. E.
' Dorling, noticed, 125, 126.
Lerkeley Hill (E. Kennet), Pit
with sarsens, 271.
Leslie, G. D., 311.
Letheuillier, Mr., writings, 242.
Leuer, John, 619.
VOL. XXXVIII—NO. CXXII.
Leweas, Thomas, 608.
Lewen, Rog., 619, 620.
Lewens, Will., 609.
Lewis, W. J. gift, 542 5 ve Notes on
Hist. of N. Wraxall,” ke. noticed,
518.
Lewisham Castle (Aldbourne),
Earthwork, 158.
Lexington, H.de, Bp.of Lincoln, 23.
Ley, Mat., owns Teffont, 590.
Leyton (Essex), 117.
Lezoux (France), Potteries of
Samian Ware, 91.
“ Libellatici,” defined, 15.
Lidbury Camp (Enford), 333.
Described, 251.
Liddeard, Nich., 39.
Liddington, 520. Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, Saxon, List
of, 279, 280. Castle Camp,
224, 280; A. D. Passmore on,
576—584 (fig.); Bronze Awl,
580,581, 584 ( fig.) ; Bronze Wavy
pin, 580, 584 (fig.), date of, 583 ;
Ditches from,280,302; Entrance,
S.E., modern, 577; Flint Imple-
ments, 579; Iron repoussé vessel,
580; Objects found, 576; Pot-
tery, List of 578 ; Stone Whorls,
&e., 584 (fig.). Pig Diggers,
origin of name, 521. Saxon
enamelled object, 584 (jig.).
Stone ground Celt with grooved
sides, &c., 280. Warren
Farm, Barrow, 279.
Light, Will., 611. Rev. W. H.
(not “ Lyte”), 643.
Lignite pendant, Aldbourne, 582.
Objects, see List of Pre-
historic, &c., Antiquities, 153—
378.
Lilly [Lillie], Sarah, 598, 629.
Limpley Stoke, Persons, see Young,
E. H. J
Lincoln, Bp. of, Indulgence, 30.
Lincoln Cathedral, foundation of,
570. Indulgences for, 17.
Stalls, Wooden Statues,
569, 570.
Linley, Miss and Mr. Long, 135.
Lister, Hon. Diana (Mrs. Wynd-
ham), 123, 647; ports., 144.
E. C., 440,
Litchet’ Minster, 31.
Little, Mr., 130.
Little Knoll (Maiden Bradley)
Ditch, 284.
3B
690 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII,
Little Park (Wootton Bassett),
illusts., 147, 540, Sale Par-
ticulars, 524.
Littlecombe Hill (Sutton Veny)
Barrows, 328.
Littlecote (Ramsbury), House,
illust., 539. Rom. Villa and
Pavements, 312.
Littlecott Down (Enford) Barrows,
251.
Littledown Clump (Durnford)
Barrows, 242.
Littleton Drew Long Barrow, see
Nettleton.
Littleton Panell (W. Lavington),
a Becket estate sold, 509.
Wesleyan Chapel, 509.
Littleton, West (Gloucs.), Camp,
274,
Livelong, Rich., 623.
Livingstone, Canon R. G., gift, 631.
Llandaff Cathedral, 475.
Llewellin, John (1. & II.), 502;
buys Hazelands, Devizes, 525 ;
obit., 502; remarks, 447.
Llewellyn, Capt. Hoel, ports., 144,
147.
Lloyd (—) makes models of Wilts
Churches, 643.
Locke fam. of Rowdeford, 451.
Lockeridge, Persons, see Giffard
fam.
Lockinge (Berks), “Icelston Meer”
Road, 138.
Lockyer, Sir Norman, Theory of
the Age of Stonehenge, &c., 437,
444,
Lodge, John, 613.
London, Cathedral of St. Paul,
468 ; Indulgence to Contributors
to, 23, 28. Church of Black
Friars, 28. Church of St.
Michael’s, Cornhill, 118.
Church of St. Lawrence next
Candlewykestrete, 29.
Drove Road, 137. Hospital
of St. Mary of Bethlehem, In-
dulgence for, 32 ; of St. Thomas
de Acon, Indulgences for, 31—
33. Queen’s Coll., 118.
“The Storming of, and the
Thames Valley Campaign,” by
P. T. Godsal, noticed, 541.
London, Bp. of, Indulgence, 30.
Long Bottom (Boyton), 208.
Long Ditch (Marden), 285.
(Wilsford), 342,
Long Knoll (Kilmington) Barrow,
271
Long Newnton, Briefs from Regis-
ters, 131.
Long fam., of Draycot, art. on,
noticed, 132. Mr., and Miss
Linley, 135. Ellen, 127.
F. W., port., 522. Rt. Hon.
Walt. H., 143; art. on, noticed,
134; ports., 147, 535. Mrs.
Walt., port., 143. Will., 603,
617; on Avebury, 9, 10.
Longbridge Deverill, Almshouse,
illust., 124. Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &c., List of, 280,
281. Persons, see Payne.
Thos. (Vicar). Subsidies,
1641, Lists of Names, 603, 617.
618.
Longespe, Nich., Bp. of Salisbury,
Indulgences for prayers for, &c.,
25—29. Will., Indulgences
for prayers for, 23—26.
Longford Castle, illust., 539.
Longleat, Rom. pavement taken
to, 328. Skull found, 108.
Som. Arch. Soe. at, 136.
Longstaff, J. C., writings, 527.
Longstone Cove, see Avebury.
Longstreet Down (Enford) Bar-
rows, 251.
Loom Weights, see Late Celtic
Objects.
Lopley, Hen., 615.
Lord’s Hill Farm (Longbridge
Deverill) Barrow, 281.
Lotmead (Wanborough), Rom.
buildings, 338.
Louis IX. (King), Arms of, 125.
Lovibond, Miss, writings, 542.
Low Field (E. Harnham), Saxon
Cemetery, 262.
Low side windows, art. on, noticed,
130.
Lowe, Rev. J., port., 535.
Loxley, Hen., 602.
Lubbock, Alice Augusta L., 122.
Ellen, 122. Harriet,
121. Sir John, see Avebury,
Ld. Hon. John B., 122.
Sir John W., 121.
Lucas, Dorothy, 624. J., gift,
621. Will., 610. See also”
Leweas.
Luccombe Bottom (Edington) Bar-
rows, 250.
Lucianus, 16.
INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII. 691
Luckington, Antiquities, Prehis-
toric, Roman, &c., List of, 281.
Deed, 531. Giant’s
Caves, Long Barrow, 394.
Lucknam, persons, see Walmesley
fam.
Ludgershall, Antiquities, Prehis-
toric, Roman, &c., List of, 281,
282. Castle Earthworks,
282. :
Ludlow Grammar School, 499.
Ludlow, Edm., 611, 717. Edw.
owns Kingston Deverill, 590.
Hen., 593, 601 ; owns King-
ston Deverill, 590. Sir Hen.,
592, 612; of Maiden Bradley,
590, 591. John, will of, 131.
Lord, ports., 535, 536.
Lugbury (Nettleton) Long Barrow,
294, 396.
Lukis, Rev. W. C., Excavations,
231—233, 301, 330, 398, 400, 409.
On Longstone Cove, 1.
Plans of Avebury, 11.
Lush, Edm., 629. Edw., 598.
John, 598, 626-—628. Will.,
598, 626, 629.
Lushill House, 116.
Lusignan, Alice de, 126.
Luxenborough (Amesbury), 166.
Lydiard Ewyas= Lydiard Tregoze,
132.
Lydiard Millicent Church, art. on,
noticed, 132. Manor House,
Legends of, 132. Persons,
see Hayward, H. R. (Rector),
Harrison, D. P. (Rector).
Lydiard Tregoze=L. Ewyas, 132.
Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., List of, 282.
Church, art. and illusts.,noticed,
132. Manor, descent of, art.
on, noticed, 132.
Lydsbury Rings (Hod Hill, Dors.)
visited, 553.
Lyme Regis, Hospital of St.M.M.29.
Lyme, J., 39.
Lyminge (Kent), 117.
Lynchets, age of, 529, 530.
Lyneham, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., List of, 282.
Persons, see Hathway, Mr.
See also Preston; Tockenham,
West.
Lyppyatt, Mary, 40.
Lyra, Warin de, Abbot of Malmes-
bury, 460.
Lystreet, 609.
Lyte, Mr., error, see Light, Rev.
W. H., 425, 643.
Lyveden, Avice & J., 32.
lizard Orchis (O. hircina) at
Winterbourne Bassett, 114.
Macalister, Prof., 381.
Mac Carvill, David, Archbishop of
Cashel, 24.
Maccoombe Down (Shalbourne)
Ditch, 319, 330.
Macdonagh, Rob. Bp. of Cork, 25.
Macdonald, D. J. K., 500.
Macgill, Major Campbell, obit. ,121.
Rev. Thos., 121.
Mackirdy, E. S., 465, 494.
Macklin, James, port., 535.
Macleane, Canon Douglas, writings,
141, 534.
McMillan, Canon C. D. H., 494;
gift, 650; writings, 534.
MeNiven, Miss C. F., port., 144.
Macy [Macie], Rich., 626.
Thos., 596. See also Masie.
Maddington, Antiquities, Prehis-
toric, Roman, &., List of, 283.
Maddox, Rich., 608.
Maeldubh founds Malmesbury,
458.
Maes Knoll Camp (Som.), Wans-
dyke, 293.
Magor, Capt. A. C., obit., 647.
He Ac 647,
Maiden Bradley, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, Saxon, List of,
283, 284. Churchyard, In-
dulgence for persons praying
there for Rich. de Piperharewe,
25. Illust., 145. Ox
Drove, 137. Persons, see
Ludlow,Sir Hen. ; Shoard, Edw.
Priory, Indulgence to visi-
tants to Chapel of B.V.M., 25.
Subsidies, 1641, Lists of
names, 601, 612, 613.
Maiden Castle, Dorchester, 444.
Maidstone (Kent), 122.
Mainz, Printing at, 1454, 17.
Maiwand, battle of, 498.
Major, Albany J., gift, 542; “ Karly
Wars of Wessex” by, noticed,
512—514; on Hill Camps, 444 ;
onthe Wansdyke, 436 ; remarks,
457.
Malacombe Bottom (Berwick St.
John?) Ditch, 333.
Malden, A. R., 23, 560, 564, 647;
3B 2
692 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII.
obit.,546,547 ; and Bibliography,
500, 501. Hen., 500.
W. J, writings, 526.
Malet fam., 519. Alice, Thos.,
and Will, 519.
Mallett, E. i port., 536, Mrs.,
598, 620.
Malmesbury, arts. on, noticed, 133,
526.
Malmesbury Abbey, H. Brak-
spear on, 458—497 (/igs.).
Abbot’s Lodging, described,
493. Arms of, 489.
Bell Tower, 459. Burnt and
rebuilt by Athelstan, 459.
Malmesbury Abbey Church, 534;
Bells, 496; Bell of St. Aldhelm
rung in thunderstorms, 473;
Date of Church, 460; Dimen-
sions, 462; Drawings by Carter,
sold 107; Earliest Drawing of,
464; Excavations, 465; Fall of
Central Tower and Spire, 464,
465, 473; Fall of W. Tower, 464,
483 ; Glass, old, 478 ; Nave given
as Parish Church, 463; Organ
Loft in Nave, 486; Plate and
Ornaments, 463, 496 ; Pulpitum,
485; Restoration, 465; Shrine
of S. Aldhelm, 459 ; South Porch
Sculptures, age of, 478—480 ;
Tiles, 487—489 (jigs.); Tomb ot
K. Athelstan, 487; W. Front,
481; W. Window, modern, 484.
Malmesbury Abbey Buildings
granted to W. Stumpe, List of,
497 ; Remains of, 466, 492.
Cellarer’s Chamber, 497.
Cemetery, 460, 466. Cham-
berers Orchard, 497. Char-
nel Chapel, 461,463. Chapter
House, 490. Cloister ex-
cavated, 487, Gesten stable,
497, Infirmary subyault,
492, 493. Leland’s account,
464, Misericord, 491.
Precinct, Map of, 458. St.
Mary House in Cemetery, 466.
Saxon Churches, no remains of,
467. Sclatt House, 497.
Sextary, 497. Spitell Gate,
497. Squire’s Chamber, 497.
Suppression, 462, 463: List of
buildings and valuables, 495, 496.
Malmesbury Abbey House, 467.
Abbots, see Bristol, Thos. ;
Camme, Walt. de; Colerne, Will.
de. Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., List of, 284. ;
Bell Hotel, remains of Monastic
buildings, 492. Bowling
Green, 466. Castle, site of,
460. Church of St. Mary
built, 459 ; shrine of St. Aldhelm
moved to, 459 ; site of, 467.
Church of St. Michael built, 459 ;
enlarged, 460; Aldhelm buried
In, 459; site of, 467. Church
of St. Paul fell down, 463 ; First
Monastic Church, 466.
Cross, 466, 490. Griffin, The,
and Griffin’s Lane, 489.
Hospital of St. J. Bapt., Indul-
gence for, 31. Tllusts., 539.
Ministers i in district in 17th
Cent., 431. Persons, see
Crew, Edw. & Thos. ; Harding,
H. T.; Mackirdy, E. S.; Me
Millan, C. D. H. (Vicar) ; Moore,
J.; Orchard, Goody; Pearley,
Hen. & Thos. St. Mary’s
House, dwelling of Priests of the
Charnel, 463. Vineyards,
466.
Malta, Neolithic Pottery, 582.
Maltravers, arms of, 440.
Malvern Coll., 510.
Mancombe Down (Warminster),
Earthworks, 340.
Manley, Rev. F. H., excavations,
321 ; gift, 631.
Mann, Miss M.S., port., 144.
W. J., ports., 142, 536.
Meee Abbas, Registers,
140.
Manningford Bohune, Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, &c., 284.
Manningford. Bruce, Antiquities, :
Prehistoric, Roman, &c., 284.
Mansell, Will., 630.
Mantelpieces, see Garsdon Manor.
Manton (Preshute), Barrow ex-
cavated, 308. Chambered
Long Barrow and fallen Crom-
lech, 308, 397, 398. Roman
Pewter dishes found, 354; de-
scribed, 3
Mappledére Hill (Mere) Barrows,
Manis. Will. de, Bp. of Bath &
Wells, Do Dite
Marden, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., List of, 285.
Ditches, 221, 316, 334, 342.
‘INDEX TO VOL,
Persons, see Cunningham, T. S.
(Vicar). Records of, 131,
531, 532. Tradition of battle
with Danes, 131.
ees Wood (Cholderton),
225
Markes, Will., 629.
Marlborough, 141, 534.
Alms-
house, 38. Angel, The, 39.
Antelope, The, 40. An-
tiquities, Prehistoric, Roman,
&e., List of, 285. Ashton
Ho. 35. Bailey Ditch, 38.
"Bailey Ward, 34, 37, 38, 40.
Balley Close, 37. Barley
Mow, The, 39. Barton Farm,
oe Bay Pit Lane, 36.
ey Pits, 35. Bay water, 35,
Bear, the, 37, 39.
Bell Close, 35. Bell Inn, 38.
Bell & Brewers Inn, 38.
Bell & Shoulder Inn, 38.
Blowhorn St., 36, 37. Blynde
Lane, 35, 37. Brewery, 35.
Bucket, Late Celtic burial
vessel, 311. Cage, The, 34.
Castle Inn, 38. Castle
Mound, 309; excavated 1912,
H. C. Brentnall on, 112, 517.
Chamber Land, 38. Chantry
of B.V.M. 34; of St. Kath., 37.
Chequers, The, 40. Church
of St. Martin destroyed, 35, 36,
38. Church of St. Mary,
churchyard, 34 ; Our Lady’s ser-
vice, 37; Rom. Relief in wall,
285. Church of St. Peter,
payment for seat, 39.
ynage Close, 36.
Coleharbour [Coleher-
bert] Lane, 36, 38. College,
647; In the Sixties, 525, 526;
Museum, objects in, 112, 285, 288;
Nat. Hist. Soc., Gift, 8; Report,
1912, noticed, 517, Common,
Barrows & Earthworks, 309.
Cowbridge Close, 35, 38, 40.
Crabb’s Close, 38.
Cricketers, The, 39. Cross
Close, 36. Deverill House,
35. Dymer’s Close, 34.
Fighting Cocks Inn, 40.
Five Stiles, 37. Fraternity
of Name of Jesus, 34. Free-
masons’ Arms, The, 39.
George & Dragon, The, 39.
Goddard’s Close, 36, 37.
XXXVII. 693
Grammar School formerly Hos-
pital, 35. Greenward, 36,
38. Hart Mead, 35, 38.
Her-
Herd St., 34, 36, 39.
mitage, 34. Hermitage Close
& Lane, 37, 39. High Ward,
39. Holdiche, 36. Holy
Lamb Inn, 39. Hospital of
St. John, 35. Tllusts., 145,
538. Katherine Wheel, The,
39. King’s Head Close, 39.
Kingsbury St., 34, 35, 37—
39. Land of Mayor and
Burgesses of Devizes, 39.
Laney’s Close, 36, 37, 39.
Large’s Close, 36. Late Celtic
Bucket, 311; Urns on site of
Sanatorium, 285. Lyon, The,
34. Marsh Ward, 35, 38, 40.
Mount Inn, date of, 40.
Names and Landmarks
in, E. Ll. Gwillim on, 34—
40. New Bridge, 36.
New Bridge Lane, 88. New-
land St., 35. Persons, see
Adams, A. M.; Angliss, W. B. ;
Awst., Anth.; Bacon, T. ; Bailey,
G.; Bell, G. C.; Blissett, Oba-
diah ; Brown, Rich. ; Brownberd,
dae Bryant, ee Carver, W.:
Church, W.; Chylwey, T.; Cole-
man, Rich. ; College, Phil. ; Col-
lyns, Ellen; Cornewall, J. &
Rich. ; Cotton, J. ; Crabb,
Thos.: Crew, Edw. & Thos.;
Dickman, W.; Elford, Widow ;
Foster, J. ; Fry, John ; Fryse, J;
Garlicks, Widow ; Glover, Rob.;
Greenaway, Fras.; Greinfeild,
W.; Hanle, Rob.: Hill, W.;
Hitchcock, Rog.; Hunt, T.;
Hurll, Mary; Ilsley, Humph. :
Laney, Rich.; Lanford, Rob. ;
Liddeard, Nich, : ; Lyme.J. ; Lyp-
peatt, Mary ; Maurice, Dr. W. ;
Mersam, Walt. ; Milburne, Mr. ;
Millington, Giles & T.; Mills,
Gab. ; Mydwynter, Rob. & W.;
Newport, Walt. ; Perrynhefe, J.;
Ponting, C. E.; Purrier, W. ;
Pyke, T.; Randoll, Walt. :
Rashleigh, Nath. ; Richardson,
Tele Sacheverell, Josh. : ; Seymour,
vee Spenser, Alice; Stagge, Rob.;
Symons, doe Taylor, Marg. ;
Thynne, W.; Tubbyas, Rob. ;
Wall, Humph. ; Weare, Rich. ;
694 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII.
Whyteharte, Anth.; Willing, W
Wordsworth, Chr. Plume
of Feathers, The, 40. Polton
Postern Gate,
Bridge, 36.
7. Poulton Hill Cottages,
te Pound Close, 35, 39.
Priory of St. Margaret,
General Chapter of Carmelites
at, 1496, 32 ; Indulgence for, 60.
Pylat St., 36, 37. Raw-
lens Well, 35, 36. St. John’s
Close, 35. St. Martin’s Lane
and Street, 35—37. Sebas-
topol buildings, 38. Stone-
bridge Lane, 36. Summer-
field, Saxon Pottery ? 311.
Thorns, The, 36. Three Cups,
The, 40. Three Swans, The,
39. Tin Pitt Lane, 36.
Town Ditch, 36—38. Work-
house, 38, 39.
Marlborough, Earl of, 625 ; owns
Teffont, 590.
Marlborough Forest, seeSavernake.
Marleycombe Hill (Bowerchalke),
Barrows, 206. Camp, plan,
512. Ditch, 207.
Marlow, Great, 116.
Marriage Bonds of Peculiar Court
of Sarum, printed, 530—532.
Marridge Hill (Ramsbury), 312.
Marrow, Edw., 611.
Marshfield (Gloucs.), Barrows, 372.
Marshman, Steph., 604. Will.,
625.
Marston, South, 520. Persons,
see Fuller, E. F.; Williams, Al-
fred. Registers, 140.
Rowborough Farm, earthworks,
285.
Marten (EK. Grafton)=Meretum,
site of battle ? 133. Barrows,
259,260. Rom. Rd., 261, 330.
Martin, 378. Down, 513.
Long Barrow, 380. Persons,
see Buckner, Will. (Vicar);
Starke, Barth. & Will. Sub-
sidies, 1641, Lists of Names, 602,
615, 616.
Martin, James, 599. John, 608.
W. C., port., 536.
Martin Cats, destruction of, paid
for by Churchwardens, 127.
Martin-Atkins, Mr., excavations,
583.
Martinsell Camp, described, 307,
576. Bronze Celt, 307.
Ditches, 307, 342.
“‘ Dwelling Pits,” 292, 307.
Late Celtic Midden’ near, 298.
“ Neolithic settlement, %
Will., 618,
529.
Marvyn, Nich., 623.
see also Mervyn.
Mase, Jasper, 575.
Masie, Thos., 625, see also Macy.
Maskelyne, Anth. Story, 432; on
Tropenell Memoranda, 48
—52; writings, 518. Mrs.
Story, 416; gifts, 9, 540, 546,
635. N. Story, 416; ex-
cavation, 374.
“Mass of the Five Wounds,” In-
dulgence for saying it, 33.
Masseck, C. J., writings, 140.
Massey, ® Jes ’ printer, ports., 142,
536.
Master, Rey. G. S., excavations,
238, 239.
Masters, Canon. W. C., 322; gifts,
149, 540; “‘Some Notes on the
Ancient Church of St. Leonard,
StantonFitzwarren,&c.,”noticed,
129, 180.
Maton, E. B., buys Rev. A. P.
Morres’ Birds, 111. John,
599. See also Matton.
Matthew, Abraham, 627. -
Margery, 603. Widow, 617.
Matthews, John, 620.
Mattock, John, obit., 503.
Matton, Mr., 609.
Maudit, John, Lord, 493.
Maundy Thursday ‘“‘ Loving Cup,”
560.
Maurice, Dr., 308. , Dr. Walt.
& Mrs., ports., 142.
May, Mr., gift, 542. Will., 598.
Mayne, Fras., 629.
Mayo, Widow, 626. Will., 624,
627.
Meade, Rob., 609. Rev. the
Hon. Sidney, gifts, 9, 631,
Meaden, And., 601, 612.
Meadman, John, 575.
Mears, bellfounder, 133.
Medbourne, 584.
Medlicott, H. E., 436 ;
148, 541 ; remarks, 438.
Megalithic, Chambered Barrows
and Dolmens, Devil’s Den, 310;
Manton, 308; Millbarrow, 360,
410; Shelving Stone, 360, 410;
Weyland Smith’s Cave, 129.
gifts, 9,
INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII. 695
Circles,&c.,Avebury,183 ; Coate,
Day House Farm, 46, 47, 224;
Knowlton (Dors.), 511, 529;
Winterbourne Bassett, 356;
Winterbourne Monkton, 361 ;
Old Chapel, 310 ; Overton, 306 ;
Place Farm, Tisbury, SByAp
Preshute ? 310. See also
Avebury; Rollright (Oxon);
Merivale Bridge; Stonehenge.
Circle round barrow, 360.
Standing Stones, &c., Broome
(Swindon), 46, 328; Stanton
Fitzwarren, 322 ; Wick cottages
(Preshute ?), 310; see also Bar-
rows, chambered ; Dartmoor.
Megalosaurus, head at Sherborne,
555.
Meggs, Will., 628.
Meikleour (Scotland), 648.
Melksham ‘Antiquities Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., List of,
Church, Bells, tee ion cen-
tral tower removed, 127; Draw-
ing of 1844, Norman Arch, &c.,
illusts., 126, 127; Key, illust.,
127 ; “Parish Church of,” no-
ticed, 126, 127; Parvise, illust.,
127;- Plate stolen, 1803, 197:
Pulpit, illust., 127; Restorations,
127. Churchwardens’ Book,
illust., 127. Tllusts., various,
145—147, 540, Parish, former
extent, 127. Persons, see
Martin, W. C.; Nash, J. ;
Sherrif, C. M.; va Canon
(Vicar).
Melsome’s Copse (Maddington),
Barrow, 283.
Membery Fort or Camp (Rams-
bury), 312.
Mercer, Joan, 595. Rob., 594,
629. Thos., 621, 624.
Mercer-Nairne, Major Ld. Charles,
obit., 648.
Merchant, Thos., port., 536.
Merchants’ Marks, 505.
Mere, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., List of, 286, 287.
Church, Museum, Wilts
objects, 287. Dean’s Orchard,
illust., 133. Down Farm, 503;
Barrows, 286, 287. Hist. of,
Churchwardens’ accts., &e., 505,
Persons, see Baker, 7. H.
Registers, 505. Sub-
sidies, 1641, Lists of Names, 592,
599, 605, 607. Woodlands
House, illust., 133.
Meretun, battle of=Marten (E,
Grafton), 133.
Merewell, Hen. de, Bip of Win-
chester, ONT
Merewether, And., 604. Dean,
384 ; excavations, 219, 305, 358
—360, 375, 406, "411 ; See also
List of Antiquities, 153—378.
Merlin, occurrence of, 111.
Merivale Bridge (Dev. ), Rude
Stone Mauageas 129.
Merriman, R. W., eit, 9.
Mersam, Walt., 36, 37.
Mertin, James, 611.
616.
Merton, Thos. Horatio, Viscount,
119.
Widow,
Mervyn, Mr., 626. Geo., 604.
John, 604. Marg., 597,
623. Mat., 604. Nich.,
597. Priscilla, 604. Will,
589. See also Marvyn.
Meteyard, Rich., 607.
Metford [ Medford, Mitford], Rich.,
Bp. of Salisbury, 31 ; tomb in
Cathedral, 563, 569.
Methuen, Hon. Christian, port.,
148, 144. Lord, 500, 527;
ports.,143,522; Property,519,524,
Meux, Sir H. B. & Lady, 524.
Michaell, Jos., 624.
Michell, Walt., 621. Will., 593.
See also Mitchell.
Michener, Rich., 617.
Michover, Geo., 613.
Middle Hill (Bishopstrow), Bar-
row, 205. (Kingston Dev-
erill) Barrow, 272. (War-
minster), 297, 397; Rom. pottery,
340.
Middles, The (W. Knoyle), 275.
Middleton Down (Norton Bavant),
Long Barrow, 397. Farm
(Winterslow), Rom. Rd., 370.
Midgehall, ‘‘ Word Ale,” 132, 523.
Midway Manor, gateposts, art on.
noticed, 645.
Milborne Port (Som.) Church, visi-
ted, 554.
Milborough Wood (Newton Tony),
_ Barrow, 296.
Milburn (?), 574.
Milburn, Mr., 36.
Milcent Bawe, Indulgence for re-
pair of road, 31.
696 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII.
Mildenhall, Antiquities, Prehis-
toric, Roman, Saxon, List of,
288. Warren Farm, ditch,
288.
Miles [ Myles], Hen., 600, 601.
Milford Hill (Salisbury), Palzeo-
lithic & Neolithic implements,
316.
Milford, Emily 8., 499. Canon
R.N., 241; obit., 499. Rob.,
499.
Milk Hill (Stanton St. Bernard),
Barrow, and Flint Implements,
322,
Mill Barrow( Winterbourne Monk-
ton), 360, 410.
Mill Brow (Winterbourne Bassett)
Barrow, 355.
Millard, Fras., 603.
Miller, Sir John & Lady, 148.
Dr. L. C., 506. Rich., 629.
Millington, Giles & T., 38.
Mills, Gab., 39.
Milman, Miss, 451: Gifts, 149.
Milner, Edw., 118. Eliz., 118.
John, Bp. of Castabala, 560,
571.
Milston &Brigmerston, Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, &c., List of,
289—291. Long Barrows,
394, 395. Registers, 140.
Milton Lilbourne, Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, &c., List of,
292. Giant’s Grave, Long
Barrow, 395. See also Clench.
Minety, property, 531.
Minto, Earl of, 649.
Minty, Edm. & Mrs., ports., 535.
Mipred, Rich., 625.
Misericord (Monastic) or Meat
Frater, 491.
Mitchell, Gab., 607.
Michell.
Mitres, of Malmesbury Abbey, 496.
Mizmaze, Breamore Down (Hants),
380, 511.
Moats, Medieval, Ashton Keynes,
See also
175. Heywood, 264.
Semley, 318. Wanborough,
338: Westbury, Penleigh
Ho., 341. Woodhouse
Castle, 267.
Moberly, Geo., Bp. of Salisbury,
119, 508,
Mogg, Rev. H. H., 133.
Apion, Rog. de, Bp. of Coventry,
6.
Moloney, J., port., 143.
Molten, Hen., 609.
Mompesson [Momperson; Mum-
person], Eleanor & Sir Giles,
595, 621.
Monastic Houses, see Andover ;
Maiden Bradley; Malmesbury ;
Marlborough ; Shaftesbury ;
Sherborne ; Wilton.
Money, J. S., Excavations, 214;
Rom. Villa at Bromham, 638—
640.
Monks’ Down (Berwick St. John),
191.
Monks Park, 143.
Monkton Combe (Som.), 648.
Monkton Deverill [Mounton], An-
tiquities, Prehistoric, Roman, &c.,
List of, 292. Registers pubd.,
505. Subsidies, 1641, Lists
of Names, 604, 618.
Monkton Farleigh, Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, &c., List of,
293. Wansdyke, 293.
Monmouth, John de, Bp. of Llan-
daff, 28.
Montagu fam,, arms, 126.
Eleanor, 126. Col. Geo.,
‘Biographical Sketch and Bibli-
ography,” by B. F. Cummings,
noticed, 515, 541. Thos.,
4th Earl of Salisbury, 126.
Montagu’s Harrier, 111.
Monthermer fam., arms, 126.
Monumental Inscriptions copied
by T. H. Baker, 504. High-
worth & Sevenhampton, 450,
Moone, Chr., 606. Hen., 600, —
606.
Moore, Ann, 596, 625. J., 494.
John (I. & IT.), 596, 622, 625.
Julian, 596. Rob., 598,
626. Thos., 592. Tom
at Bromham, art. on, noticed, 134.
Wop Sito Will., 596.
Moore’s Wood (Ogbourne St.
George), Ditch, 302.
Moores, Will., 624.
Moray, Archibald, Bp. of, 24.
More, Thos., 593.
Morgan, Col., on age of Wiltshire
Camps, 442. Edw. & Rich., —
574.
Morgan’s Hill, 632. Barrows,
195. Earthwork Enclosures,
202. Wansdyke, 293; and
Rom. Rd., 220 ; Sections cut,202.
INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII. 697
Morhanger House (Beds.), 143,
‘Moris, Alice, Joan, & Will., 625.
Morley, Mrs, 627, "629.
Morres, Rev. A. P., collection of
birds sold, 111, 112.
Morris coll. of coins, 637.
Morrison, Hugh, 127 ; gift, 631.
Capt. J. A., 223.
Morse, Levi L., funeral, 537 ; gift,
9; obit., 498 ; port., 535.
Mortimer ES Mari] arms, 489.
Rog. de,
Mortival, fog. He Bp. of Salisbury,
19, 28, 29.
Mother Antony’s Well (Bromham),
Rom. Villa., 214.
Mottram, Adam, ‘Precentor, epi-
taph on buttress of Salisbury
Cathedral, 23.
Moulton, Geo., 613. John, 452 ;
port., 144. Nich., 601, 612.
Mounceke, James, 627. See also
Muncke.
Mounds, or Mottes, Norman, 438 ;
Clack Mount ? 282; Marlborough
- Castle, 309; N orwich Castle,
439 ; Sarum, Old, 325 ; ; Shering-
ton, ’390 ; Somerford, Great, 321;
Thetford, 438 ; Windsor, 439.
Mount and Bailey Castles. N or-
wood Castle (Oaksey), 298;
Shaftesbury, 551; Stapleford
Castle, 323. -
Mozley, Rey. T., excavations, 225.
Mullens, Phenias, 627. Rob.
598, 626, 629. Will., 618, 629.
Muller, J. sg, engraver, 568, 571.
Muneke, Dorothy, 594.
Murcott (Crudwell), Rom. inter-
ments, 238.
Mussel shells, Cast“rly, 105.
Muttleberry, John & Mary, 600.
Mutuantonis= White Walls, site
of, 249.
Mydwynter, alzas King, Rob., 35,
37. W., 35.
Myers, Canon, gift, 631.
Myles, Hen., see Miles.
Mylward, Fras, & Thos., 616.
Nag’s Head (EK. Grafton), Rom.
Rd., 261.
Nairne and Keith, Barony of, 649.
Nalder, John, 107.
Nash (Place name), 609.
Nash, James, obit., 507.
Will, will of, 527.
National Trust, The, 551.
VOL. XXXVIII.—NO. CXXII.
Neadle, Will., 628.
Neale, E., port., 142.
Neale’s Barrow (Wilton), 354.
Neate, Geo. & Mrs., ports., 535.
Neave, John, 612.
Neeld, Sir Audley, port., 142.
Negus, Fras., 574.
Nelson, Hon. Edw. Agar, H., 119.
Horatio, 3rd Earl, 321; obit.
and descent from Admiral Nel-
son, 118, 119, 448. Mary
J. D. (Countess), 118. Su-
sanna, 118. Hon. Thos.
Horatio, 119.
Neston Park (Corsham), 648.
Tilust., 536. Wansdyke &
Rom. Rd., 237.
Net Bush (Shrewton) Barrow, 320.
Netheravon, Antiquities, Prehis-
toric, Roman, Saxon, List of,
294, Bake, 294, 395.
House, Roman house excavated,
294. Lang barrow, described,
395, 396. Persons, see Crouch,
Sergt.
Netherhampton, Persons, see New-
bolt, Hen. Rom. Rd., 190.
Nettleton, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &., List of, 294, 295.
Lugbury, Long Barrow, 280,
294, 380; described, 396, 398 ;
excavated, 410. Scrub, Rom.
Building and Sculpture, 295,
645 ; G. J. Grey on, 113, 114
(fig).
Netton Hill (Durnford), Barrows,
249
Nevill fam., arms, 126. Hen.,
D. of Warwick, 126. Rich.,
E. of Salisbury, arms, 126.
Rich., E. of Warwick & Salis-
bury, arms, 126.
New, Geo., 619. John, 606.
Thos., 600, 606, 609, 619.
New Court Down & Farm (Down-
ton), Grims Ditch, 241, 242.
Newall, R. S., gift, 450; his coll.,
277, 280.
Newbolt, Hen., port., 536; wri-
tings, 140.
. Newburgh fam., arms, 126.
Newbury, 508. Ancient Road,
138. Museum, Wilts objects
in, 260, 261, 636.
Newfoundland Farm (Netheravon)
Barrows, 294.
Newland, Thomas, 589, 611.
a)
698 INDEX TO VOL.
Newman, Widow, 615.
Newmarket, Ichnield Way, 138.
Newport, Walt., 36.
Newnton, Long, Brook, 458.
Fosseway, 295. * Water from,
brought to Malmesbury, 461.
Newstead (Scotland), Rom. Font,
87. Rom. Iron Punches,
99.
Newtimber (Sussex), 120.
Newton Barrows, 170, 295, 296.
Newton Blossomville, 122.
Newton Common Farm (Shal-
bourne), 319.
Newton, South, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &c., List of,
295. Barrow, 295.
Newton Tony, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &c., List of 295.
Nicholas (a servant), 595.
Nicholas fam., of Roundway, 526.
Edw. Richmond, 525.
John, 525. Mary, 525.
Rob. (1. & IT.), 525, 593, 603,
616, 620.
Nicholls, J. G., MS. Inventory of
Deeds belonging to, 541.
Rey. Will. P., obit., 507.
Nicholson, F., Drawings of Stour-
head, &c., sold, 634, 635.
Nidum, site of at Covingham
Farm ? 45, 338.
Nine Mile River, or Water (Bul-
ford), 215, 217, 218, 289—291.
Noland’s Down & Farm(Cherhill ?),
221, 376.
No Man’s Land, Ground Flint
Celt. 296.
Nonconformist Wilts Ministers
ejected, 1662, 531.
Norman Mottes, see Mounds,
Normanton Down (Wilsford) Bar-
rows, 166, 343—347. . Ditch,
354. Farm, 171. Long
Barrows described, 382, 405.
See also Wilsford.
Normanton, 2nd Kar] of, 118.
Norris, John, 611.
North, Mr., 149.
Northampton, 120, 506.
Northover, Thos., 602, 614.
Northumberland, Duke of, Exca-
vation, 438; Work at Dudley,
429, 430.
Norton(N. Wilts), Fosse Way, 296.
Norton Bavant, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &c., 296.
XXXVIII.
House, objects at, 296. Long
Barrows, 396, 397.
Norwich Castle, Mound, 439.
Cathedral, 470, 484, 485, 492.
Norwood Castle (Oaksey), Medie-
val Earthwork, 298.
Nott, John, port., 535.
Notton, 500.
Noyes, Dora, 124. Ella, gift,
149; “Salisbury Plain” by,
noticed, 124, 125.
Nunton & Bodenham, Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, &c., List of,
298. Grims ditch, 237, 321,
326.
Nythe (Wanborough), Rom. Coins,
338. Siteof Rom. Station, 45.
Oake, Rich., 616. Widow, 617.
Oakley, Capt., gift, 9.
Oakford, Will., 574.
Oaksey Church, art. and illust.,
noticed, 526. Common, Rom.
Pottery, 638. | NorwoodCastle
Earthworks, 298.
Oare, Antiquities, see Wilcot.
Hill, Ditches, 342. Withy
Copse, Late Celtic Midden, 298 ;
date of, 90: Pottery, 88—90.
Obituary, Wiltshire, 116—123, 498
—510, 647—649.
Oborne, Edw., 621. ___ Rob., 621.
Thos.,627. | Widow,604,621. —
Odstock, Antiquities, Prehistoric, —
Roman, &c., List of, 298.
Copse, Camp, 299. Grims-
ditch, 237, 298, 326.
Offa’s Dyke, age of, 514.
Ogbourne, British Coin, 637.
Must., 145. ‘
Ogbourne Maizey Down, Barrow,
301. Rom. Coins, 302.
Ogbourne St. Andrew, Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, &c., List of,
299—302. Churchyard, Bar-
row, 300. Chambered Long
Barrow at Temple, 409.
Persons, see Stevens, J. B.;
Wadman, Mr. See also
Rockley ; Smeeth Ridge.
Ogbourne St. George, 532.
Antiquities, Prehistoric, Roman, ~
&e., List of, 302. Church
End Ditch, 280. Illust., 539.
Registers, 140. See also
Round Hill.
Ogbury Camp (Durnford) de-
scribed, 56, 242.
INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII. 699
Okus, see Swindon.
. Old Adam=Adam’s Grave, Long
Barrow, 382.
Old Chapel (Preshute), Long Bar-
row destroyed, 310, 409, 411.
Old Ditch, course of, 205, 264, 274,
303, 304, 331, 332, 335—337, 339,
340, 377, 393. Long Barrow
(Tilshead), 380, 401, 402.
Old Hat Borrow (Everley), 253.
Old Lodge Copse, 212.
Old Nursery Ditch (Rushall),
316.
Old Passage on Severn, 633.
“Oldbury Camp,’ =CodfordCircle,
228.
Oldbury Castle Camp, 219; De-
scribed. 222. Long Barrow,
219, 380 ; Described, 388.
Oldis [Oldest], Edw., 603, 617.
Thos., 617. Will., 618.
Oliver, Agnes, 594. Widow,
610.
Oliver’s Camp (Bromham)[Round-
way Castle], 192, 411. De-
seribed, 213, 214. Execavated,
53. Gatepost holes, 68.
Barrow near, formerly, 408.
Visited, 457.
Olivier, Canon, 647. Rev. H.
A., obit., 448. Capt. Rob. H.,
obit., 647.
Oolitic strata, Vale of Wardour,
section, &., 135.
Oram, John, 599.
Oram’s Grave Barrow (Chitterne),
derivation, 224.
Orchard, Goody, witch, 135.
Orcheston St. George, 532. An-
tiquities, Prehistoric, Roman,
&e., List of, 303. Ditch, 332.
Persons, see Streeter, G. T.
P. (Rector).
Orcheston St. Mary, Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, &c., List of,
303. Old Ditch, 332.
Orchis hircina, 114.
Ord, Dr. Theo., 135.
Ordnance 6in. Survey Maps of
Wilts bought, & Barrows marked
on, 546.
Organs given to Malmesbury, 459.
Oriole, Golden, at Lacock, 641.
Orkneys, Peter, Bp. of the, 24.
Ormrod, John & Marg., 116.
Osborne, J. Lee, writings, 132, 134,
135, 522—524, 526, 530.
Osmund, Bp. & St., finishes Nor-
man Church of Old Sarum, 446.
Gives Relics to Old Sarum,
566. Indulgences to those
visiting his shrine, &c., 32.
Ottley, Mrs., author of “A Modern
Beotia,” 137.
Oven fer Baking Wafers in
Churches, 524.
Overton, West, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, Saxon, List of,
304—306. _—_ Hill, Barrows, 177 ;
Coins, 259; Kennet Avenue
ended at, 11; “Sanctuary,” 177,
182 ; interments found near, 13.
See also Westwoods.
Owl, Little, at Totterdown, 517.
Shorteared, 111.
Owls’ Castle (Winterslow), Rom.
Rd., 370.
Ox Drove or Ridgeway (S. Wilts),
206, 207, 212, 249, 250. Alve-
diston), 164. (Berwick St.
John), 193, 193. (Donhead),
240,241. (Grovely), 375.
(Maiden Bradley), 137.
Oxen, teams for ploughing, Bur-
derop, 521. Ttust., 145.
See also Animals, Boslongifrons.
Oxendean (Warminster), Long Bar-
row), 339, 404.
Oxenwood, Barrow, 319.
Oxford Cathedral, Shrine of St.
Frideswide, 468. Hospital of
H. Trin., 30. Magdalen Coll.,
129. Museum, Wilts objects,
384.
Oyster shells, Roman, Casterly,
105.
Page, Fanny. & Joseph, 116.
Page-Roberts, Will.,Dean of Salis-
bury, writings, 141.
Paget, Sir H., 121.
Paine, Thos., 617.
144,
Painter’s rubbing stone and rubber
148.
Paintings. Doom at Dauntsey
Church, 132.
Pakeman, Poppy, 147, 537.
Pakenham (Suff.), 122.
Paleolithic Celt of Greensand,
Pewsey, 307. | Engraved Bone,
Sherborne, 555. Flint Im-
plements, Bemerton, 189 ;
Knowle Farm Pit, 189; Salis-
bury, Milford Hill, & Fisherton,
3c 2
W. J., port.,
700 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII.
316; Swindon, 41; Winter-
bourne Bassett, 356- Period,
age and duration of, 456.
Paleologus, Demetrius, Indul-
gence on behalf of his family, 32.
Palmer [Palmore], G. i e alts)
449, 450. Rich.,
Thos., 620.
Pantawick (N. Savernake), Flint
implements and Brit. settlement,
317, 318.
Panton, Rog., 575.
Paradise fam. of Devizes, pedigree,
532.
“ Pardoners,” 18. Warning
against unauthorised, 31, 33.
Pardons,or Indulgences, Wilt-
shire, Canon Chr. Words-
worth on, 15—33. Parch-
ment, buried with deceased, 21.
Parish, C. W., port., 537.
Parker, Eliz., 602. John de,
50. Widow, 615.
Parram, Edm., 629.
Parrett, Joan, 604. Phil., 604.
Parrott, Edw., port., 536. Joan,
618.
Parry, J. H., transcriptions, 149.
Parsons, Mr., 8. Hen., 612.
James, transcriptions, 128.
W., port., 535.
Partridge, Red Legged, 148.
Partridge, Hen. & Rob., 574.
Pass, A. C., excavations, 184, 438.
Simon, 521.
Passmore, A. D., 154, 311; exca-
vations, 279, 322, 337, 338 ; gifts,
148, 149, 542, 649; note, 641 ;
objects in his collection, 158,
174, 184, 189, 237, 260, 265, 266,
278, 280, 302, 303, 312, 321, 322,
329, 337, 374, 637; on Dino-
saurian "Spine, 106 ; on Lid-
dington Castle Camp, 576
—584 (figs.) ; on Prehistoric
and Roman Swindon, 41—
47; on Some Bronze Age
Pottery of “Food Vessel”
type, 585—588.
Patney, Persons, see Nash, Will.
Pavenhill (Purton) Ditch, 311.
Pawmer, Nich., 610.
Payne, Thos., 589, 623.
Peacocke, Lawrence, 622.
Peake, Harold, 138. H. T. E.,
154; Excavations, 260, 261, 636.
Peakswood, 157.
Pear Tree Lane (Erlestoke), 252.
Pearce, ee Mrs., ports., 143.
Chr.,
Pee Wen (Shalbourne) Bar-
rows, 319.
Pearemann, Will., 629.
Pearley, Hen. & Thos., 575.
Peckham, John, Archbishop, 25.
Pecks Hill, 157.
Pears, C., on Bradford Barn, 549,
550.
Peat, T. E., ‘‘ Rough Stone Monu-
ments” by, noticed, 129.
Pembroke, Countess of, port., 144.
See also Sidney, Mary.
Earl of, 539, 622; opens Bar-
rows, 165, 167, 168, 344, 345.
Sidney Herbert, 14th Earl, obit.,
120, 121, 448. 15th Farl,
port., 144, Will., 1st Earl,
survey of his lands, 505.
Pen Pits (Stourton), purpose of,
324,
Penleigh House (Westbury) Moat,
341,
Penning Down (Urchfont) Barrow,
337.
Penny, Nich., 598, 627. Will.,
601, 612, 623.
Penruddocke fam., art. on, noticed,
526. C., 549; gift, 631;
(Sheriff) ports., 143, 535.
Helen 4 C., gift, 649; writings,
538, 534. John, 603, 616.
Penselwood (Som.), Pen Pits, 324.
Penshurst, 521.
Penstones Wood(Maiden Bradley’),
Rom. Rd., 28
Percy [Percehay] fam., corrected
pedigree, 51—53; Property at
Castle Eaton, 50. Agnes,
51, 52. Alice, 51.
Constance, 51, 52. Edm., 52,
Eliz., 51, 52. Geo. (I.
& IL), 50—52. Sir Hen.,
51, 52. John (I.—IV.), 51,
52. Marg., 50—52.
Mary, 52. Nich., 50—52.
Thos., 50—52. Sir Will,
52.
Perham Down (Tedworth) Ditch,
331.
Perham, Edw., 630.
Perkins [Pirkins] Fras., 595, 621.
J., gift & writings, 542.
Perman, Hen., 600,606. Widow,
610.
INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII. 701
Perry | Perrie], Edw., 605, 623, 626.
John, 600, 606. Rich.,
/ = 612: will., 601, 606.
Perrynhefe, J., 36.
Pertwood, Barrows, 210, 328.
Church, 210. Lower, Long
Barrow, 387. Rom. Rd., 211.
Peterborough Abbey, Meat Frater,
491.
Peterborough, Earl of, owns
Dauntsey, 132.
Petersfinger (Clarendon), Flint
Implements, 226.
Peto, Basil, gift, 8.
Petrie, Prof. Flinders, 551 ;
Cylindrical Notched Beads, ‘644,
645.
Petterig tenement, 607.
Petty- -Fitzmaurice, iid. Charles,
obit., 648.
Peverell, Joan, 519.
Pewsey, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., List of, 306.
Gorse, Brit. Village, 307.
King Alfred’s connection with
Pewsey, Statue, art. on, noticed,
133. Persons, see Cresswell,
Hercules ; Savery, Thos.
Pewter Inkstand, 540.
oe Inn, Winterslow Hut,
Philppes, alias Rous, Alice & Rich.,
Pullip, Chr., 607. Sir Claude,
eee, 525. F. H., 510.
Capt. H. J., obit., 510. Rob.,
575.
Phillipson, Miles, 594.
Phipp, John, 589, 596, 625.
Phipps, Clare D., port., 536.
N. P., obit., 239, 502.
Piccadilly Clump (Pitton), Barrow,
pie Long Barrow, formerly,
409.
ici Hill (Edington), Barrow,
Pick. “Rudge (Overton), Flint
Arrowhead & Flaying Knife, 306.
Pierce, Ruth, house at Potterne,
149.
Pilchard | Pilcherd], Will., 594, 619.
Pillinger, James, port., 142.
Pinckney, E., gift, 9.
Pinero, Sir Arthur, 499.
Pinfield, R. G. C., port., 142.
Pinnocks Coppice (W. Knoyle),
275.
Piper [Pieper], E. W. H., writings,
134, John, 614.
Piperharewe, Rich. de, buried at
Maiden Bradley, 25.
Pirkins, see Perkins.
Pitman [Pittman], Alfred & Ernest,
gift, 542; ports., 146. Sir
Tsaac, Bart., at Trowbridge,
illusts., 522, 527 ; centenary of,
arts., ilusts., & publications,
noticed, 134, 146, 521; “Life
of,’ by A. Baker, noticed, 522;
port., 146. John, 596, 625.
Rob., 599, 609.
Pitmead (Sutton Veny), Rom.
Villa & Pavements, 327, 328.
Pit Dwellings, &c., post hole in
centre, 77. At Amesbury,
174; Avebury, described, 14, 185;
Beckhampton, opened, 185; Cas-
terly, 76—79, 334; Chilmark,
223; Corton (Hilmarton), 265 ;
Hod Hill Camp, 553; Martinsell
(not dwelling pits), 292; Old-
bury, 220, 222; Rushmore, 193 ;
Wilsford( Pewsey Vale), 343, 449;
Winklebury Camp, 192; Winter-
bourne Monkton, 361, 450.
Pitt Rivers, Alice Augusta L., 122.
General, 62, 88, 110, 632 ;
Excavations, 90, 99, 190—194,
202, 324, 486; founds Farnham
Museum, 553.
Pitton and Farley, Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, &c., List of,
307. Brit. Village & Ditch,
357. Long Barrow, de.
stroyed, 409.
Place Farm (Tisbury), Stone Circle
formerly, 332.
Plantagenet, Blanche d. of Hen.,
528.
Plate, Corporation, see Wootton
Bassett.
Plumstead (Kent), 501.
Pochard in Wilts, 111.
Polden Hulls (Som.), Late Celtic
object, 98. Site of Aithan-
dune, 513.
* Pollen, Anne, 137. John
ene Life of, noticed,
137.
Polton, see Poulton.
Pond Barrows, 243, 248, 308, 361,
363, 364. See also List of
Antiquities, 153—378.
Pond, John, 630.
702 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIIT
Pontefract, 567.
Ponting [Ponten, Pontinge], C. E.,
6, 10 ; notes, 554 ; opens Barrow,
177; on Wroughton Church,
415—425; work by, 523, 571.
Thos., 620, 626.
Pontissara, John de, Bp. of Win-
chester, 26.
Poope, Edith, 622. Geo., 626,
628, 629. Marie, 626.
Mrs., 628. Rich., 606.
Thos., 606.
Poole, Reg. Z., 22, 570.
Poore, Dyke, excavations, 254.
Rich., Bp. of Salisbury, 559.
Thos., 625.
Pope, Geo., 589.
See also Poope.
Popish Recusants, pay double sub-
sidies, 592.
Popjoy, W. J. G., 147.
Popplechurch (Wanborough) Bar-
row, 337, 338.
Portishead (Som.), Wansdyke,
293
Mary, 598.
Portland Beds, Chilmark, section,
135
Portman, Emily Lucy & W. H.
Berkeley, 499.
Portman, Earl, 143.
Porton (Idmiston), Barrows, 268.
Firs, 171. See also Id-
miston.
Portraits, 142—144, 535—537.
Portway, The, course of, 138, 206,
269, 278, 296, 326, 357, 358, 394.
Pot holes in chalk, natural, 76.
Pottenger, J. H., 133.
Potter, Fras. (I. & II.), 574.
Rich., 610.
Potterne, 29. House of Ruth
Pierce, 149. Persons, see
anes A. B. & Dora; Hill, T.
Pottery, Arretine imported, 90,
298. Ba Rolong (s. Africa),
method of pot making, 438.
Belgic, distribution & origin of,
102 ; Imported wares described,
101; Belgic Black, at Casterly,
(figs.), 103; Belgic Red, at Cas-
terly, (fig.), 101, 102. Gaul-
ish, imported, 298, 334.
Pottery, Bronze Age, see List of
Prehistoric Antiquities, 153—
378. Cinerary Urns, Beck-
hampton Long Barrow, 385;
Corton Long Barrow, 386 ;
Winterbourne Stoke Long Bar-
row, 407. Drinking Cups,
Earliest Bronze Age pottery, 4;
Method of manufacture des-
cribed, 43; Figheldean Long
Barrow, 390, 391; Longstone
Cove, 3—6 (fig.) ; Okus, Swin-
don, 42—44 (figs.); Wilsford
Long Barrow, 406; Winter-
bourne Stoke, 412. Grape
Cups, 180, 181. Ornament
with white filling, 582.
Pottery, Discs or Roundells, ? Pot
covers, 89, 105. Khaba’
anah (Egypt), 581.
Pottery, Late Celtic, 512. See
List of Antiquities, 153—378.
Bead Rim, Casterly, 71, 75,
100, 101 (jigs.); Rotherley, 90;
Woodcuts, 90. Crucibles,
110, 161; at Winterbourne
Monkton, 361. Cooking Pot,
Casterly, 101 (fig.). Loom
Weight, Casterly, 105. Sling
bullets, Casterly, 97, 105.
Urns, Marlborough, 285.
Vessels, Casterly, 103 (jigs.);
Winterbourne Monkton, 108 ;
with holes in side, ? Beehive,
100 (fig.).
Pottery, Medieval, Old Sarum, 540.
Norman, Hunt’s Mill, Woot-
ton Bassett, 372.
Pottery, Neolithic. Butmir( Bosnia),
581. Malta, 582.
Norton Bavant Long Barrow,
397. Kennet Long Barrow,
385. Round- bottomed bowl,
Mere, 287. Small Cup in
Long Barrow, 404.
Pottery, Roman, at Basset Down,
540, 635 ; Beckhampton, 5, 186 ;
Bromham, 640; Broomsgrove,
88 ; Casterly, 71, 73 —75, 85, 86,
91, 92, 99, 100, 102, 103, 105 ( figs.);
Oaksey, 638; Shepherd’s Shore,
632 ; Swindon, 46 ; Westbury,87;
Westwood, 540; Winterbourne
Monkton, 109. Castor Ware,
91. Discs, 73, 74.
Engine-turned, 102, 103 (figs.).
New Forest Ware, 91.
Rims, sections of, 108 (jigs.).
Samian, 71, 72, 75, 86, 87, 91
102 (jigs.); Black, method of
manufacture, 102; Date o¢
INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII. 703
importation into Britain,82; Pot-
ters’ names, 71, 72,91; of 2nd
cent., 46. Spindle whorls,
a 89, 99 (jfig.). Tessera,
Tile, flanged, 74.
Tripod Vessel, foot of, 99 (fig.).
With holes in bottom for strain-
ing honey? 100 (fig.), 103; in
side for Beehive? 103 (fig.).
Upchurch Ware, 91. With
white filling in ornament, 582.
Poulton, Persons, see Goddard fam.
Poulton Down (Mildenhall), Bar-
row, 288.
Poulton [Polton], Marg., 602, 613.
Will., 604, 618
Powell, Messrs., Glass Painters,
work by, 127. J. U., gift.,
638.
Poyntinge, Rob., 608.
Prehistoric, Roman, & Pagan
Saxon Antiquitiesin Wilts,
arranged under Parishes,
by Rev. E. H. Goddard, 153
—378.
Preshute, 117. Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &c., List of,
308—811. Horse Down, 37.
Manton, Chambered Long
Barrow, described, 397, 398.
Old Chapel, Long Barrow de-
sinoyed, 409. See also Rough
i
Preston (Lyneham), Interment in
mound excavated, 282, 635.
Quarries, 635.
Preston, Mich.,590, 600. Widow,
590, 606,
Price, Fras., Clerk of fabric at
Salisbury Cathedral, 571.
Dr. 8. J. M., note, 566.
Pride, Austin, 610.
Pridham, Harvey, Drawings of
Wilts F onts, bought, 546, 631.
Prince, Barnard, 615; ’ Edith, 602,
615
Princes Risborough, Ichnield
Way, 138.
Prinn, see Pryn.
Printing by Schoeffer at Mainz,
1454, 17.
Prior Park, Bath, Wansdyke, 293.
Pritchard, J. E., 184; gift, 649.
Prosperous Farm, 319.
Protestation Returns of 1641, 530.
Provence, Counts of, arms, 125.
Prower, Canon J. M. & Miss, 642.
Pryce, Rev. B. V., port., 535.
Pryn[Prinn], J ohn, 623. Thos.,
5938, 621.
Pudding Pan Rock, Samian Ware,
91.
Pugin (architect), 130.
Pullen, idm., patent, 135.
Pulman, Rich., 575.
Pulpitum, use of, 485. *
Punch Bowl Bottom (Burcombe)
Barrows, 218.
Purbeck beds, Wardour, section,
135.
Purdy, Thos., 622.
Purkes, Rich., 628.
Purrier, W., 38.
Purse Caundle (Dors.), 358.
Purton, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, Saxon, List of, 311.
Church, model of, 643,
Illusts., 146, 537, 538. Per-
sons, see Armour, G. D. ; Prower,
Canon J. M. (Vicar), and Miss,
Ringsbury Camp, 637.
Purton Stoke, 533.
Pyke, T., 34—36.
Pyllett, Sir J., Indulgence for his
Redemption from Captivity, 33.
Quail in Wilts, 111.
Quaker Burials, 531.
Querns, Conical, Late Celtic, 161.
LateCeltic, Liddington, 579.
Material for,quarried at Pen
Pits, 324. Saddle Querns,
161 ; Casterly, 105 ; Liddington,
579. See also List of An-
tiquities, 153—378.
Quivil, Peter, Bp. of Exeter, 25.
Rabbetts, Edw., 628. Thos.,
629. “Will., 624.
Rabley Wood (Mildenhall) Barrow,
288.
Radcliffe, F.R.Y., List of —
Wiltshiremen extracted
from the Minute Books of
the Company of Weavers
of London, 1653—1674,
572—575.
Radditch, Will., 612.
Radfyn, 390.
Rafen (Pewsey), derivation, 134.
Rainscombe (Oare), 89. Ditch,
342.
Raleigh, Sir Walt. builds Sherborne
New Castle, 555.
Ralliwell Lodge (Lances.), 116.
Ramsay, Hon.And.& Charlotte,498,
704 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII.
Ramsbury, 27. Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, &ec., List of,
312. Bishop's House, 20.
Chapel of St. Ann, Indulgence
for, 33. Church, Inscription
of Indulgence for prayers for
soul of W.de St. John, Parson,
29. Illust., 539. See also
Axford ; Membury.
Ramos, Lucie, 498.
Ranbury Camp (Gloucs.), 576.
Randall, Rob., 602. Thos., 595.
See also Randoll.
Randell, A. J., 92.
Randoll, Chr., 629. Hen., 621.
Rob., 613. Walt., 39.
Ranscombe Bottom (Calstone),
Earthwork & Brit. Village, 219,
220. (Westbury 2), 340.
Rashleigh, Nath., 38
Ratfyn Barrow (Amesbury). 170.
Ravenscroft (Ayr), 506.
“Rawlence, E. A., acts as guide, 554 ;
Excavations, 268, 269 ; note, 641.
Guy, writings, 534.
Rawlens, Peter, 625.
Raworth, Rob., buys Wraxall, 519.
Reade | Reede], Edw., 614. Geo.,
(I. & IT.), 604, 615, 616. H.
V., gift, 9. Sam., 6U3, 617.
Will, 615.
Reader, I’. W., 135.
Reading Abbey, 490.
Rebus at Edington, 532.
Recusants in Subsidy Lists, 593—
630.
Red Shore on Wansdyke, 163.
Red Throated Diver, 148.
Redding Hanging (Heytesbury %),
264.
Redditch LR eee Alex., 601,
612. Will.,
Redhorn Hill, ae
Redlynch, Antiquities, prenete
Roman, &c., List of, 312.
Barrow, 319,
Redshank, 642.
Redstart, Black, 107.
Registers, copied by T. H. Baker,
504, Wiltshire, dating from
1588, List of, 140. Wiltshire
Marriage, 505 ; Printed, Vols.
Xii., xlii., noticed, 128, See
All Cannings; Bishops Can-
nings; Bemerton; Boyton ;
Bratton; Bromham; Colling-
bourne Ducis ; Etchilhampton ;
Fugglestone ; Kington St. Mic-
hael; Latton; Salisbury St. Ed-
munds ; Sherrington; Wylye.
Reid, Sir Geo., portrait by, 140.
Relics in Salisbury Diocese to be
sent to Bp. Shaxton, 20.
See Salisbury Cathedral.
Rendell, Mr., 636.
Rendoll, Thos., 604.
Restrop (Purton), 311.
Reynold, John, will of, 527.
Reynolds, Capt. H. C., obit., 647.
Sir Joshua, portrait by, 143.
Steph., port., 142.
Rhynconella (fossil), in Barrow,
362.
Ribblesdale, Lord, 123, 647.
Ricates, Thos., 624.
Rich., Sir Almeric E. J ., Bart., 116.
Capt. Chas., 120. Sir
Chas. H. J., Bt., 116. Sir
Chas. Stuart, Bt., obit., 116.
Clara, 120. Kdm., Arch-
bishop of Cant., Treasurer of
Salisbury, Altar in Cathedral,
562; Indulgence, 23. Fred.,
port., 148. Rev. J. B., 120,
Canon John, obit., 120.
Lady, 451. Lady Harriet TS
116.
Richard II., 567; Portrait at
Wilton, illust., 525, 539.
Richards, Edw., 612.
Richardson, Hen., gift, 631: obit.,
509. Rev. A. T. acts as
Guide, 440 ; gift, 631; port., 587.
Rideout, Rob., 630.
Ridge [Rudge], Subsidies, 1641,
Lists of Names, 596, 622
Ridge, Little, House, art. and
illusts., noticed, 127.
Ridgeway, The (N. Wilts), Branch
of the Ichnield Way, 138.
Course of in Pewsey Vale, 189.
Course of, 161, 164, 177—
179, 185, 190, 212, 213, 228, 224,
248, 266, 279, 280, 285, 301, 306,
387, 342, 356, 360, 361, 411.
(S. Wilts) Donhead, &c.) 164,
193, 389, 408.
Ridgway, F. E., Bp. of Salisbury,
writings, 141, 534.
Ridley, Bp., 21.
Rikenild Way, 138.
Ang Money, gold, Bishopstone,
05
Ring Ouzel in Wilts, 111, 114,
INDEX TO VOL.
Ringsbury Camp (Purton),311,576.
Brit. Gold Coin, 537.
Risbury Hill (Redlynch) Barrow.
312
Riseley (Beds), 500.
Rivar Copse (Ham), Barrows, 261.
Down (Shalbourne) Bar-
row, 318; Ditch, 319.
Roads, Ancient, Ridgeways, and
Ox Droves, age of, 529; Marked
by Barrows, 529. Indulgence
for repair of, 31. See Icknield
Way; Icleton Way ; Ox Drove ;
Ridgeway ; Ryckneild Way.
Roakham Bottom (Stockton), Bar-
TOws, 323.
Roberts, Geo., 574. Lord,
649,
Robin Hood Ball, 395. Circular
Earthwork near, 321. Bar-
rows, 255, 256, 294. Brit.
Village, 255, 256. Long Bar-
row, 390.
Robin Hood’s Bower (Sutton
Veny), Earthwork, 328.
Roche Court, 535.
Rochester, Bp. of, 30.
Rockbourne (Hants), Long Bar-
rows, 380.
Rockley (Ogbourne St. Andrew),
Barrows, 299, 300. Long Bar-
row, 397, 398.
Rodbourne, Lands of Malmesbury
Abbey, 463, 496. “The Or-
chards,” illust., 147,
Rodmarton (Gloucs. ), 238.
Rodmead Down (Kingston Dev-
erill), Barrow, 273. (Mere),
Earthwork,287. Hill (Maiden
Bradley), Barrows, 283, 284.
Penning (K. Deverill), Barrows,
273, 408.
Rodway, Miss, 117.
Roemer, Baroness Von, writings,
531, 532,
Roger, Bp. of Salisbury, builds
Malmesbury Castle, 460.
pia not build St.John’ s, Devizes,
Pac Will., 599, 609, 619.
Rogers, alias ’Ball, John, 599, 608.
Rolleston, Prof., 192.
Rolleston’s Barrow (Rushmore),
192.
Rollestone, Antiquities, Prehis-
toric, Roman, &c., List of, 312—
314. Bake Farm, 313.
VOL. XXXVIJI—NO. CXXII.
XXXVIII. 705
Middle Farm,313.
505.
Rollright Circle (Oxon), 529.
Roman, Animals’ bones, 74, 640.
Antiquities in Wilts, List
of, 153—378, Bone Buttons.
Casterly, 98 (jfig.): Counter,
Casterly, 73 (fig.); Pins, Brom-
ham, 640.
Roman Bronze, Bracelet, Casterly,
98 (fig.). Brooches, of Aisica
type, Winterbourne Bassett, 356;
of Aucissa type, Avebury, 186;
Marlborough, 285; Brooches of
other types, ae 540; Cas-
terly, 103 (jig.) Shepherds
Shore, 540; See also List of An-
tiquities, 153—378. Button,
98. Earpick, 71, 97 (fig.).
Penates, Southbroom, 289 ;
Pins, 71, 97 (jig.), 540.
Rings, 71 (fig.), 98 (fig.), 104
Jjig.). Stud, 71 (jig.).
aoe: 98 (fig.). Tweezers, 72,
8 (fig.). Wire Necklet ?
99 (jig.).
Roman Buildings, Villas, &c., see
Bromham ; Nettleton ; Stanton
St. Quintin: Studley ; Swindon;
Tottenham House; Westlecote;
Wanborough, Lower; Wraxall,
North.
Roman Camps, Haltern (Germ.).
81. Cockle shells, 72, 73, 105.
Roman Coins, see Coins, Roman,
Concrete flooring and wall
Registers,
daub, 71, 105. Crescent-
shaped ornament of Boars’tusks,
N. Wraxall, 373. Glass,
Nettleton, 114; Beads, &c., Cas-
terly, 71, 105, Hypocausts,
T- shaped, 264: at Casterly, 73,
84; Stockton, 323. In-
scription, Easton Grey, 249 ; on
silver spoon, 374. Inter-
ments, Swindon, 46.
Roman Iron objects, Arrowheads,
187; Awls, 99, 104 (fgs.); Axe
Head, 99; Brooch, hinge pin, 72,
98 (fig.) : Carding Comb, 187.;
Chisel, 98 (jig.) ; Cleats, 73, 98 ;
Crossbow, 218; Fork, 99 (fig,): 2
Hammer, 89, 103 (fig.); Hinge
hooks, 99 (jig.) ; Hobnails, 73,
98, 99 (figs.); Horseshoes, 99
(fig.); Keys, 109, 111 (fig.), 113,
640; Knives, 71, 98, 100, 104
3D
706
(fig.); Nails, 71—78, 100 (fig.),
104; "Objects 1100 (figs.) : ; Ox
Goads, 104 ( fig.) ; Pig, 187 ; a
89 (fig. ); Punch, 99 ( fig.) ; Ring,
98 ( jig.) ; Saw, 99 (jig.) ; Shears,
72, 99 (fig. ); Slag & Scoriz at
Casterly, 108, 105 : > at en
225 ; Spearhead, 99 (fig.);
Stylus, 98 (jfig.). Mussel
shells, 72, 73, 105. Objects
from Cold Kitchen Hill, 411;
see also Brokenborough ; Easton
Grey. Oyster shells, 71—73,.
105
Roman Pavements, Bromham, 214,
639; Colerne, 230; Dean, West,
239; Fyfield, 259; Heywood,
265; Mildenhall, Folly Farm,
288; lLatton, 278; Littlecote,
312 ; Netheravon, 294; Pitmead,
327, 328 ; Rudge(Froxfield), 259 ;
Sherborne Castle (Dors.), 555 ;
Stanton Fitzwarren, 322.
Pennant flooring, Nettleton, 114.
Roman Pewter Vessels, Appleshaw
(Hants), 354; INormanton, 354.
Roman Potteries, Broomsgrove, 88 ;
Xanten, 87.
Roman Pottery, see Pottery,
Roman. Quarries, see Swin-
don. Querns, 71, 74, 105.
Remains, see Chittoe ; Dil-
ton; Upton Scudamore.
Roads, see List of Antiquities,
153—378. Rubbish Heap,
Basset Down, Rev. E. H.
Goddard on, 635, Sculpture,
Reliefs, Easton Grey, 249; Marl-
borough St. Mary’s Ch., 285;
Nettleton, 113 (fig.); Stitch-
combe, 288; Tockenham Ch.,
333. Sepulchral Urns, Brom-
ham, 639; Whetham, 220:
Sites, see Gelligaer (Glam.) ;
Newstead ; see also British vil-
lages. Stone Coffin, Latton,
278 ; Westwood, 540. Wells,
Aldbourne, 159; Silbury,opened,
186. Wiltshire, summary
of, by Prof. Haverfield, 645.
Romain, Joke le, Archbishop of
York, 26.
Rome, Hospital of H. Trin. & St.
Thomas of Canterbury, 29, 31 ;
of S. Spirito, 27.
Romford (Essex), 118.
Rood Ashton, 503; illusts.,134, 146.
INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII,
Rose, Jane, 628. John, 621,
Thos., 593, 618, 621.
Will., 620.
Rossignol, Alice de, 502.
Rotesfen prebend, 571.
Rotherhithe, 501.
Rotherley (Berwick St. John) Bar-
rows, 192. Brit. Village,
objects found, 56, 72, 90, 99, 104,
110, 193.
Round Clump, Barrow, Whitsbury
(Hants). 380.
Round Hill Down (Ogbourne St.
George), Brit. village & ditch,
158, 302, 303.
Roundway, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, Saxon, List of, 314, 315.
Battle, 633. Castle, see
Oliver’s Camp. Hill, 208 ;
Twin Barrow, 411. Persons,
see Nicholas fam. ; Sutton fam.
Stone Celt., 540, 637.
Rough Down (Imber), Barrows,
269.
Rough Hill Vesela Barrows,
308. Ditch, 3
Roughridge Hill (Bighops Can-
nings), Barrow, 200. Ditch,
203.
Rous, Izod., John, & Will., 52.
Rous, alias Phillipes, ‘Alice &
Rich.,
Row Beer (E. Harnham), 262.
(Edington), 250.
- Row Ditch (Sutton Mandeville),
326, 327.
Row Turnpike(Upton Scudamore),
Rom. remains, 337.
Rowbery Lane ‘(Market ‘Laving-
ton), Barrows, 279.
Rowde, 53. Incumbents of, 582.
Rowdeford, Locke fam., 451.
Rowe, Edw., 613.
Royston, Ichneild Way, 138.
“ Rubric Primers ” forbidden, 21.
Ruddock, Ralph, 599, 604, 609, 618.
Rudge (roxfield), Rom. pavement
cup, 259.
Rudge, Mr., 378.
Ruscombe, prebend of, 26.
Rushall, Antiquities, ’ Prehistoric,
Roman, &e., List of, 315, 316.
Ditch, 221, 251, 334,
Rushmore (Berwick St. John), 88
Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., List of, 192—194.
Barrows, 191, 192.
INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII. 707
Russley, 520.
. Rutthie, Thos., 608,
Rybury Camp, 159, 160.
Ryckneild Way, 137. And Ich-
znd Way distinguished, 137,
38.
Ryde, 498.
Ryder, Rev. A. D., writings, 528.
Sacheverell, Dr., art. on, noticed,
136. Joshua, 39,
Sadler, James, 610. _ J. H., gift,
631. John, edits Registers,
128. Thos., 598.
Sainsbury, H., hospitality, 439.
St. Alban’s Abbey, Shrine of St.
Alban, 468, 470.
St. Anthony, Hospital of, 31.
St. Asaph, Bp. of, 30.
St. Feock (Corn.), 122.
St. Helena, Wilts Regt. at, 507.
oi 4 ohn of Jerusalem, Hospital of,
St ‘Tohn, fam., hold Lydiard, 132.
Hen. , Viscount Bolingbroke,
132. Will. de, parson of
Ramsbury, 29.
St. Ledger, Thos., Bp. of Meath, 25.
St. Margaret’s Mead (Marl-
porough), Late Celtic bucket,
811.
St. Maur, Lord & Lady Ernest,
ports., 143,
St. Quentin, Nich., endows Chap-
lain in Cathedral, 565.
Salceto, Felippur de, Indulgence
on wall of Semington Ch., 27.
Salisbury, 500, 531. Antiqui-
ties, Prehistoric, Roman, &c.,
List of, 316, 317. Archi-
tectural antiqs., Drawings of,
by J. Buckler, sold, 634.
Blackmore Museum, see List of
Antiquities, 153—378,
Butcher’s Row, illust., 124.
Salisbury Cathedral, arts & illusts.
of, noticed, 131, 134. Altar
Frontal, 1315, 563. Altars
and names of Kings of
whom there were repre-
sentations, List of, 1598,
by CanonChr. Wordsworth,
557—571. Altars: High
Altar in Choir, position of, 558 ;
in Pulpitum, 565 ; in Treasury,
559; Morning or Morrowmas,
560, 654; of ‘All Hallows, 559;
of Annunciation, 564; of 11,000
Virgins, 561; of H. Ghost, 564;
of H. Rood, 565 ; of St. Andrew,
564; of St. Catherine, 26, 560,
561; of St. Denys, 563, 564; of
St. Edmund, K. & M., 562; of
St. Edmund Rich, 562; of St.
John Bapt., 562; St. John
Evan., 559, 560; of St. Law-
rence, 560, 568, 564; of St.
Margaret, 562; of St. Martin,
560, 561; of St. M. Magdalene,
24, 561; of St. M. the Virgin, or
“Salve,” 559, 560; of St. Michael,
563 ; of St. Nicholas, 561 ; of St.
Peter, 559, 560; of St. Stephen,
23, 559, 560 ; of St. Thomas the
Martyr, 561; of St. Vincent, 561,
563: of Works or Fabric, 565 ;
“Salve,” 559, 560; Vestry, 559.
Altarists, duty of, 560.
Armorial Glass in W. Window
described, 125, 126, Beau-
champ Chapel, doorway and
niches moved to Morning
Chapel, 565, 568. Chantries ;
of Chedworth, John, 565; Kare-
vill (Treasurer), 562; Keymer
(Dean), 562. Chapels: Morn-
ing, furnished, 560; of Bp.
Audley, 569 ; of Relics, 566 ; of
St. John, Evan., 566 ; of "St.
Margaret, 560, "566 J otessts
Stephen, 569. Chapter Acts,
earliest, 570. Chapter House,
Armorial Glass removed from,
126 ; illust., 134; Wooden Table,
134. Choir Screen, stone,
removed by Wyatt to Morning
Chapel, 564, 565, "568, 571; illust.,
145. Cloisters, illust.., 124.
Coffin of Purbeck Marble,
562. Communars’ accounts,
570. Dedication Festivals,
Indulgence, 23, Effigy of
Bp. John Wordsworth, 528.
Entercloses in Choir, 566.
Enthronization of Bp., cere-
monial,559. Fabric accounts,
570; Fabric, Indulgences for, 19,
22, 23, 25, 27—29, Founded
1220, 446. Holy Water
blessed in Vestry, 559,
Tllusts., 124, 516. Image of
St. Margaret, 563. Indul-
gences, original, preserved, 22.
Indulgences for worshippers
at, 24—27, 29, 31, 382.
3 0) 2
708 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII,
Inscription of Adam Mottram on
buttress, in full, 23,24 ; Inscrip-
tion on buttress, recording In-
dulgence, 20, 23; Inscriptions,
Monumental, and Heraldry
copied by T. H. Baker, 504.
Lady Chapel, Altar of SS. Peter
& All Apostles, 559, 560; Built,
22; Niches on Stalls from
Beauchamp’ Chapel, placed in,
568 ; Prayers in, 24. Lenten
Veil, Windlass for, 558.
Maundy Thursday Ritual, 559,
560. Monuments & Tombs:
of Bp. Blyth, 561; Bp. Giles de
Bridport, 561; Gorges, 560;
Hertford, or Somerset, 560;
Walt., Ld. Hungerford, 564;
Will. Longespee, illust., 124;
Bp. Metford, 563, 569 ; Bp. Walt.
de la Wyle, 564. Muniment
Room, 125. Obit. and Tran-
slation of St. Osmund, 82.
Organ by Renatus Harris, 571.
Perpendicular Arches at
Crossing, 568. Porch of St.
Thomas removed, 561.
Pardons published in_ service,
21, 22. Relics: of the Cross,
566; 11,000 Virgins, 561, 566;
K. Edward, 562 ; St. Denys,
564; St. Lawrence, 563; St.
Vincent, 563. Rood, 566 ; re-
moved, 1562, 571. Rood Beam
destroyed, 565, 571. Royal
persons portrayed, 567. Sac-
risty, original, 559. Shrine of
St. Osmund, Indulgence to Visi-
tants, 82. Stalls, wooden
figures formerly in, 569; new
Canopies set up, 528, 571.
Statutes im 1256, 557.
Treasury, octagonal, built, 559.
West Front, date of, 20.
Wyatt’s alterations, 561 564.
Salisbury, Chapel of St. Mary on
bridge, 30. Church of St.
Edmund, 121; Bells & Fall of
Tower,art.on,noticed,137 ; illust.,
146; Indulgence for fabric, 32 ;
Rectors,see Thacher, P. ; Rood re-
moved, 571. Church of St.
Mark, 504: Nave founded,illust.,
540. Church of St. Martin,
Registers pub., 505. | Church of
St. Thomas, Indulgence, 32.
Close, Houses in, art. & illusts.,
noticed, 516; Plot of Novel in,
534; Wall built of stones from
Old Sarum, 446, College de
Vaux, founded, 20. Crane
Lodge, 498. Deanery, illust.,
516. Elm Grove, 121.
Endless St., llint Celts, 316.
Fire Engine, illust., 146.
Guilds, Trade, 573 ; of St.George,
the George & the Dragon, 564 ;
of Tailors, 564. Hall of John
Hall, glass, art. on, noticed, 126.
Harnham Bridge & Chapel
of S. J. Bapt., built, 19, 564.
High St., illust., 124. Hill-
cote, 510. Hospital of H.
Trinity, Chapel, 505 ; Collectors —
of Alms for, 80; Deeds copied
and translated by T. H. Baker.
504 ; Indulgence to contributors
to, 30, 31. Hospital of St.
Nicholas, Benefactions, 19; Car-
tulary pubd., 505; Masters, see —
Wilton, W. Tllusts., various,
124, 145—147, 538—540.
Infirmary, 500. Mrs, Jacob’s
House, illust., 516. King’s
House, illust., 516. Arch-
deacon Lear’s House, illust.,516.
Maundrell Hall, 141
Matron’s College, illust., 516.
Mompesson House, illust., 516.
Municipal Muniments cata-
logued by T. H. Baker, 504.
North Canonry House, illust.,
516. Palace, illusts.. 516.
Picture Gallery, Paintings
of Stonehenge given, 121, 449.
St. Anne’s Gate, illusts.,
124, 516. “Salisbury Hymn
Book,” 119. Schools for
Girls, temp. Q. Anne, 137.
Theolog. College, 508, 533.
Token, unpublished, 642.
Wardrobe, The (House), illust.,
516. Weavers’ Company,
579.
Salisbury, Bishops of, see Audley,
Edm.; Bingham, Rob. ; Bitton,
Will.; Braundeston, Hen. de;
Bridport, Giles de; Cornere,
Will. dela; Denison; Erghum,
Ralph; Ghent, Simon of ; Guest,
Edm.; Hamilton; Hermann;
Longespe, Nich.; Metford, Rich;
Moberly, Geo.; Mortival, Rog.
de; Osmund; Poore, Rich. ;
INDEX TO VOL, XXXVIII. 709
Shaxton, Nich.: Wordsworth,
John; Wyle, Walt.dela; York,
Will. of.
Salisbury, Canons of, see Bell,G.C.;
Cherdestock, Will. de.; Ched-
worth, John; Fisher; Gromville,
Peter de ; Karevill, Rob.de ; Lear,
Fras. ; Rich., Edm. ; Sutton, H.
Salisbury, Deans of : see Keymer ;
Lear, Fras.; Webb, Bp.
Salisbury, Earldom of, 528.
Salisbury, Persons, see Baker, F. ;
Baker, T. H.; Clemens, Will. ;
Collins, John; Cull, Constable ;
Dimont, C. J.; Gaisford, C.;
Hemyngsby, Alex.; Hillier,
Super.; Large & Co.; Mac-
donald, D. J. K.; Macgill, Major
Campbell; Macklin, J. (Mayor);
Malden, A. R.; Mottram, Adam;
Price, Fras.; Sanger, CGeo.;
Scamell, C. ; Sutton, F. (Mayor);
Tanner, James & Will. ; Tucker,
A.: Whitby, Dan (Precentor) ;
Wallis, John (Bellfounder) ;
White, Mr.
Salisbury Hill (N. Savernake),
Brit. Coins, 318. Flint
- Implements, 317.
Salisbury Plain, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &c., List of, 317.
Tllusts., 147,539. “Salis-
bury Plain,” by Ella Noyes, no-
ticed, 124, 125.
Salisbury to Warminster, Cobbett’s
Ride, 133.
Salthrop (Wroughton), 520.
Persons, see Ferris, Mr.
Sampson, Luke, 589.
Sancto Leofardo, Gilbert de, Bp.
of Chichester, 26.
Sandell, And., 607. Mr., acts
as Guide, 457.
Sanders, Alex.,614. Widow,607.
Sandpiper, 111.
Sandridge, 225.
pends The, Erlestoke, Rom.Coins,
52.
Sanger, Agnes, 618.
Hen., 620.
Rich., 607.
Walt., 604, 620,
610, 620.
Sarum, Peculiar Court of Dean &
Chapter, Marriage Bonds, 130,131.
Sarum, Old, 394. Art. on, no-
ticed, 528. Bishop’s Palace
Geo., 575.
Mat., 621.
Thos., 607.
Will., 593,
and Canons’ houses destroyed,
446. Castle, 325: Date of
destruction of, 446. Cathe-
dral, finally destroyed, 1331, 446;
Excavated, 1914, Saxon & Nor-
man Churches, 446, 547; Pur-
beck Marble Coffin, 562.
Chapel of our Lady to be kept
in repair, 447. Church of
Holy Cross over gate, 446.
Conquest by Saxons, 518.
Excavations, 825, 449; LIllust.,
145. Finds, 325, 326.
Hospital of St. John, 30.
Tilust., 124. Inn, 325.
Medieval Pottery, 540. Horse-
shoes, Norman, 99. Rom.
Rds. from, 326. Site of Sor-
biodunum, not on the hill? 325,
445, 645. Visited, 445.
Sarsen Stones, arranged in rows ?
Winterbourne Monkton, 110.
Interments under, without bar-
rows, 360; see also List of Pre-
historic Antiquities, 153—378.
Never existed on Salisbury
Plain, 172, 436.
Saunders, Mr., writings, 148.
Saunford, John de, Archbishop of
Dublin, 25, 26.
Saurians, sce Kimmeridge Clay.
Savernake Forest, Brit. Gold Coin,
637. Course of Wansdyke
from, 436. Tilust., 539.
Rom. Rd., 260, 318.
Savernake, North & South, List
of Prehistoric, Roman, Saxon,
Antiquities, 317, 318.
Savery, Thos. (I. & II.), 574.
Saxon (Pagan) Antiquities in
Wilts, List of, 153—378,
Architecture, external pil-
asters and arcading, age of, 454 ;
Long and Short Work, age of,
455 ; see Churches of, Avebury ;
Bishopstone (Sussex) ; Bradford-
on-Avon; Milborne Port (Som.).
Bronze gilt & enamelled
object, Liddington, 584 ( fig.) ;
Mounts of situla, Tilshead, 4038.
Cemeteries and interments :
Bowls Barrow, 392 ; Ell Barrow,
405 ; Elston (Orcheston St.
George), 303; Tilshead Long
Barrow, 403; Harnham, 262 ;
Winklebury, 194. See also List
of Antiquities, 153—378,
710 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII.
Chronicle, authority of, 518, 514.
Conquest of Britain, a con-
certed expedition, 514. Con-
quest of Wilts, 440. Cross
Shaft, see Codford St. Peter Ch.
Tron Sword, Knap Hill, 164 ;
Umbo, Tilshead, 403. Re-
mains, rare on the Downs, 85.
Sayce, Prof., excavations, 438.
On Cylindrical glass notched
beads and date of Stonehenge,
444, 551, 643—645. Remarks,
440.
Saygrom, Randolph, 609.
Sayles, see Zeals.
Scamell, Chas., port.,143. Edw.,
620, 629. Joan, 621. John,
593, 594, 618—620, 629.
Mary, 593. Nich., 591, 598,
621. Rob., 593. Rog., 591,
598, 620, Thos., 620.
Scenery, League to prevent injury
to, proposed, 551.
Schomberg, A., gifts, 149, 541, 650 ;
Writings, 130, 131, 531, 582.
Scilly isles, 122,
Sclavonian Grebe, 111.
Scots Poor (Chute) Barrows, 226,
260. Ditch, 235, 319.
Scott, Amb., 607. Bertha, 499.
H. H. , writings, 136.
J. Steele, 499,
Scratchbury Camp, 392, 397; De-
scribed, 296, 297.
Screene, Edw. & Will., 610.
Screens (Church), Stone, see Salis-
bury Cathedral. "Wood, see
Amesbury; Stanton Fitzwarren.
Scrope, G. P., excavations, 373, 396.
Scrubbed Oak, Gt. Ridge Wood,
Earthwork, 208.
Sculpture, Malmesbury Abbey
Porch, age of, 478—480.
Seamore, Semore, see Seymour.
Seavier, Thos., 620.
Sedgehill, Subsidies, 1641, Lists of
Names, 597, 623, 624.
Sedgemoor (Som.), 513.
Sednam [Sedman, miner Walt.,
623. Will.,
Seeley, Prof., 106.
Seend, Church, Monuments, 582.
Formerly in Melksham
parish, 127. Persons, see
Bell, Clive ; Bell, E. L. Heward ;
Bell, W. Heward ; Nicholas, Rob.
Sell (es 606.
Selfe, Mr., 605. Cecilia, 519.
Selwood Forest, Ox Drove, 137,
Barrow, or Jack’s Castle.
Semington Church, Inscription re-
cording Indulgence, 27.
Semley, 555. Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &c., List of, 318,
“Moat, 318. Persons, see
Hilton, aie (Rector).
Sergeant, Mich., 30.
Servington fam., 519. Oliver
de, holds N. Wraxall, 519.
Seven Barrow Hill (Overton) Bar-
rows, 304.
Sevenhampton, Church & Chyd.
Inscriptions copied, 149, 450.
Registers, 140.
Seymour Farm (Bulford) Barrow,
Seymour[Seamore, Seymor]Monu-
ment in Salisbury Cathedral,560.
Edw., 601, 612. John,
603, 616. Mat., 621.
Thos., 39. Sir Thos., High Ad-
miral, "432; Thos., Lord Seymour
of Sudeley, 428 ; ’ Devizes Castle
granted to, 433 ° His House
at Bromham, Rev. W. G.
Clark Maxweil on, 432—
434.
Seys, Anian, Bp. of Bangor, 28.
Shabden, 602, 613.
Shaftesbury [Shaston] Abbey, Ex-
cavations, carved fragments
preserved, 551; Indulgence to
Visitants at, 28, 31; owns Brad-
ford-on- -Avon, 458. Castle
Hill, site of Mount & Bailey
Castle, 552. Church of St.
Peter visited, 551. Cross at
St. John’s Cottage, modern, 552.
King Edward honoured at, 562,
Meeting of Wilts Arch. Soc.,
1914, acct. of, 545—556.
Ox Drove, 187.
Shalbourne, Antiquities, Prehis-
toric, Roman, &c., List of, 318,
819. Bronze ‘Awl, 636.
Ditch, 219, 330. Long Bar-
rows, 898. Rom. Rd., 330.
Wansdyke, 188.
Shard, John, 601.
pals The (Erlestoke), Rom. coins,
Share, Simon & Steph., 574,
Thos., 575.
INDEX TO VOL.
_Sharphayes (Sedgehill), 624.
Sharington, Sir Will. arrested,
428 ; Signature, 431 (jig.) .
Work at Lacock, Biiicicy.
and Dudley, Rev. W. G.
Clark Maxwell on, 426—
434.
Shaston, see Shaftesbury.
Shaw, formerly i in Melksham, 127.
Tllust., 147.
Shaw Farm (Overton), Wansdyke,
306.
Shaw, Will. 575.
Shawell, Rs, Champion for recovery
of Sherborne Castle, 29.
Shawyer, J. J., port., 142.
Shaxton, Nich., Bp. of Salisbury,
injunctions, 20, 33.
Shearmen, see Cloth Manufacture.
Sheep, Old Wiltshire Horned,
Head preserved at Devizes, 107.
Sheep Walk Plantation (Wan-
borough), 337.
Sheffield, 117.
Shelbarrow Hill (Hinton Parva),
Barrows ? 266.
Shelburne, John, Earl of, buys
Bowood, 517. Will., Earl of,
Ist Marquis of Lansdowne,work
at Bowood, 517.
Sheldon Manor, art. & illusts.,
noticed, 516. Dog gates, 516.
Shelton, Hen. (I. & II.), 575.
Shelving Stone, Long Barrow?
(Winterbourne Monkton) 360,
Shepherd Ercebard Cornelius,
Cuth., 611. Jo.,
os Widow, 610.
Eo epords Rest (Liddington ?]
eieuiend: Shore, 435. Bronze
ring-headed pin, 203. Flint
implements, 203. Rom.
brooch, 540. Wansdyke,
cutting in, 202.
Shepherds Shore, Old, Barrows,
197, 198. Hut Circles at,
excavated, Mrs. M. E.
Cunnington, on, 632, 633.
Inn at, 633. Interment
near, Mrs. M.E. Cunnington on,
106, 109, 111 (fig.).
Sherborne ba, Altar of St.
Nicholas, 31; Chapel of St. Mary
of Bowe, Hermit of, Indulgence
to Visitants, 30, 31 ; Relics from,
XXXVIII. 711
at Salisbury, 566 ; visited, 555.
Almshouses visited, 555.
Castle, Champion for the re-
coveryof, 29; Museum, contents,
555 ; Old and New, visited, 555.
School Museum, 555.
See of, founded, 459.
Sherd, Edw., 612.
Shergall, see Shergold.
Shergold [Shergall], John, 575.
Thos., 605, 622; ‘Token, 114.
Sheridan, Mrs., 135.
Sherrif, C. M., port., 537.
Sheriffs of Wilts, see Penruddocke,
C.; Phipps, C. N. P.; Sutton,
James, & Prince.
Sherrington, Antiquities, Prehis-
toric, Roman, &c., List of, 319,
320. Long Barrows, 208,
399, 414 Norman Motte,
320, Registers printed, 128.
Sherston, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., List of, 320.
Manor Rolls, arts. on, noticed,
130 131, 531, 532.
Shewter, 606.
Ship Money, 1636, amount con-
tributed by Wilts, 589.
Shipis, Will., 574.
Shire Rack (Bowerchalke), 207 ;
Grimsditch, 212.
Shirley (Hants), 116.
Shoard, Alex., 601. Edw., 592,
601. Eliz., 612. John
(I. & IT.), 612, 613. Nich.,
612. Osmond, 601, 612.
Thos., 613. Will., 613.
Shore, Edw., 608. Rich., 608.
Short Street (Dilton), Rom. Re-
mains, 239.
Short, Canon, his collection, 240,
241, 318. John, 615.
Lettice, 595. Sam., 627.
Steph., 624. Widow, 624.
Shrapnel, Gen. Hen., invents
““Shrapnel” Shell, acct. & port.,
645, 646. Hen. Serope, 646.
Zechariah, 646.
Shrewsbury Abbey,Church, Tower,
483.
Shrewton, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, Saxon, List of, 320, 321.
Ditch, 369. Windmill,
interments, 321.
Shrike, Great Grey, 111.
Shrines of Saints, described, 469,
see Salisbury Cathedral.
712 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII.
Sidbury [Chidbury] Hill, Barrows,
330, 331. Bronze Celts, 115,
331. Camp, 331, 391 ; Ditches
running from, 235, 257, 291, 331.
Sidnam, Walt., see Sedman.
“Sidney Mary, Countess of Pem-
broke,” by F. B. Young, noticed,
521. Sir Phil., 123.
Silbury Hill, described, 183.
Age & date of, 184, 439, Ex-
cavations, 184. Horseshoe,
lobed, near, 186. Tilust., 145.
Norman Motte or Saxon Mote ?
439. Rom. Rd. points to, 183,
185, 186, 220. Rom. settle-
ment near, excavated, 186.
Visited, 438.
Silk Hill (Milston), 254, 394.
Barrows, 289.
Silver Barrow(Orcheston St. Mary),
308, 332.
Silver Down (Shalbourne), Ditch,
226, 319
Silverfield (Lacock 1), Rom. Coins,
276.
_Silverstreet (Chittoe), Rom. Re-
mains, 225.
Simpson, Geo., gift, 542.
Skinner, Rev. John, writings, 199.
Skulls from Barrows, &c., see
Human Remains.
Slade, Charlotte, 498. Jo dex
gift, 541. Major-Gen. Sir J.
Ramsay, obit., 498 (correction),
650. Major-Gen. Sir Marcus,
498.
Slatter, W., 434.
Slaughterford, earthworks near,
230. Persons, see Neate, G.
Slay Barrow (Rushall), 315, 316.
Slay Down Farm, 303.
Sling Bullets, pottery, 89, 97, 105.
Sling Plantation (Bulford), 215.
Sloper, Thos., 133.
Sloperton Cottage (Bromham),
illust., 134.
Slow, Edw., arts. on, noticed, 137,
526. Gift, 541. Writ-
ings, 527.
Smart, Chr., 608.
Smatcham’s Copse (Mildenhall),
288.
Smay Down (Shelbourne) Ditch,
319. Long Barrow, 319,
398.
Smeathe’s Ridge Ogbourne St.
Andrew), Barrow and interment,
300, 302. Interment with
food vessel, 587, 588 (fo).
Smith [Smyth], Rev. A. , Ex-
cavations, 300, 301, 409. On
Avebury, 10. Chr., 616, 620,
625. Cyril Herbert, 500.
Rev. F., 536. Geo., 604.
H. Herbert, obit., 499, 500.
Mrs. Marriott, 500. Reg-
inald, 111, 456, 584; On round-
bottomed Pottery, 437. Thos.,
574, 610, 616. Will., 602,
614 ; Sir Will., 499. W. Wor
port., 537. Smiths & Marshall,
Messrs., 500.
Snail Down (Collingbourne) Bar-
rows, 230, 234. Ditches, 257.
Square, Asa), OAS)
Snap Farm (Aldbourne), Brit. vil-
lage, 159. Village derelict,
illust., 539.
Snelgrove, Geo., 622.
Snilger, Geo., 625.
Snooke, Rich., 598, 626.
Soames, Rev. C., excavations, 288,
Soldiers’ Ring, Earthwork, 212.
Sollas, Prof., 645.
Soly, IN 131.
Somerford, Broad [Great], An-
tiquities, Prehistoric, Roman,
&c., 321. Mound near River,
321. Persons, see Jason fam.
Somerford Keynes Ch., art. on,
noticed, 530.
Somerset, Duchess of, writings,
533. Protector, 428.
Monument in Cathedral, 560.
Somerset Arch. Soc.,visit Chalfield,
135 ; Longleat, 136 ; N.-Wraxall
& Castle Combe, 136; Trow-
bridge, 538.
Somner, Anth., 596, 626.
Sompting (Sussex) Church, dedi-
cation, 557.
Sorbiodunum, site of at Old
Sarum ? 325, 445, 645.
South Down Farm (Bratton 2), 209,
250.
South Lodge Camp (Rushmore),
193.
South, Edw., 595, 596, 621, 623.
Southbroom House, illust., 147.
Persons, see Drew fam. Rom.
Penates found, 239.
Southgate, J., port., 522.
Southgrove Farm (Burbage), Rom.
interment with Crossbow, 218.
INDEX TO VOL.
Southleigh Wood (Sutton Veny
' & Longbridge Deverill), Karth-
work, 281. Robin Hood’s
Bower, 328.
Southly Bridge, 233.
Spackland, Will., 526.
Spackman, Er., port., 142, 536.
Spencer, Alice, 37.
Spicer, Capt. John, Lady Marg.,
& Anth., ports., 143.
Spigurnell, Kath. & Thos., 48, 49.
Spiring, David, 627. Jane,
629. Rich., 626.
Spittleborough, illust., 147.
Spotted Crake, 111.
Spring Bottom (Wilsford), 350.
Barrow, 352.
Spye Park, Gate-house from
Bromham House, 433. Rom.
Scorie, 225. Wansdyke &
Rom. Rd., 220.
Stafford, Thos., 610.
Stagge, Rob., 38.
Stags’ Horns in Barrows, 166.
Picks, used in all ages, 437.
Staircase, Garsdon, 524.
Stallybrass, B., excavations, 223,
332.
Stanchill Cottages (Bowerchalke),
20
207.
Stancomb, Arthur P., obit., 506.
Ao J. G., FE. W. ,and John,
506.
Standlynch, 118. And Charlton
All Saints, Antiquities, Prehis-
toric, Roman, &c., List of, 321.
Grimsditch, 242, 298, 326.
Park, Dawkins fam., 143.
Stanford, J. Benett, 298.
Stanley Abbey, art. on, noticed, 523.
Stanter, John, 604.
Stanton Fitzwarren, Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Boman, &c., List of,
322. Apple Scoop, 540.
Church, ‘‘Some Notes on,” by
Rev. W. C. Masters, noticed,
129, 130, 149; Chalice, date of,
130; Door, from Winchester
Cathedral, 130; Font, illust.,
129; Roof from private Chapel,
130. Persons, see Masters,
W. C. (Vicar).
Stanton St. Bernard, Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, &c., List of,
322.
Stanton St. Quentin, Rom. Villa,
322.
VOL. XXXVIII—NO. CXXII.
XXXVIII. 713
Stanton, J. H. & Mrs., ports., 535.
Stantonbury Camp (Som.), Wans-
dyke, 293.
Staple, Tything of, 591. Sub-
sidies, Lists of names, 594, 619,
620.
Stapledon, Walt. de, Bp. of Exeter,
28.
Stapleford, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., List of, 322, 323.
Castle, Medieval Mount &
Bailey, 323. Church, illust.,
124.
Starke, Barth. & Will., 574.
Starr, Rich., 603, 617.
Starveall Plantation (Wilsford)
Barrows, 346, 350.
Stayner, John, 626.
Steeple Ashton, Church, Heraldic
glass, 441; visited, 441.
Churchwardens’ Accts. printed,
130, 131, 531; Book illust., 531.
Manor House, Granary, &c.,
441. Persons, see Carey,
W. H.; Mattock, John.
Registers, 140. Token, 540.
Stephens Mound (Bulford), 215.
Stephens, Emmanuel, 608.
Rev. H. H.., notes, 136. Rey.
J. F. D., gifts, 9, 450, 631.
Will., 607.
Stevens, Ben, 541. C. R., port.,
143 J. B., 587. Will.,599
Stevenson, Mr., on Battle of Aithan-
dune, 514.
Stimson, Rev. J. F. A., ports., 535,
5368.
Stitchcombe, Rom. Relief, 288,
Stockbridge, 24.
Stock Close Farm, Flint imple-
ments, 158.
Stock Lane (Aldbourne), Flint
implements, 158. (Sedgehill),
597, 624,
Stockes, John, 614.
Stockton, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &e., List of, 323.
Brit. Village, 5); House,
illust., 124, O54, Long Bar-
row, 399. Persons, see Biggs,
Mr. ; Crockford, Rev. T.
Stockwell, %8, 499.
Stoke Down ( Broad Chalke) Bar-
rows, 211,
Stone Down Wood, 207.
Stone Age civilisation, whole
country organised, 529.
3 E
714 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII,
Stone Arrowheads, Flint, 174, 253,
259, 264, 322. Aldbourne,
156, 158. Avebury, 180.
Clyffe Pypard, 227.
Conkwell, 355. Dinton, 240.
_ Donhead, 241. Lid-
dington, 579, 580. Manton.
308. Milton Lilbourne, 292.
Pick Rudge, 306.
Rotherley, 193. Upavon,
334, Wilcot, 342.
Wilsford,343. Winterbourne
Monkton, 359. Winter-
bourne Stoke, 366. Winter-
slow, 370. Wootton Bassett,
372. Wylye, 375.
Stone Arrowheads, or Javelin
heads, leaf-shaped, from Long
Barrows, 382; Fyfield Down,
395 ; Ogbourne St. George, 303 ;
Upavon, 334; Winterbourne
Stoke, 365, 412.
Stone Axes, Flint, Casterly, 77, 78.
Sarsen Axe, Liddington, 579,
(fig.), 580.
Stone Celts, Flint, Ground, 158,
160, 171, 184, 189, 266, 371.
Aldbourne, 158; Alderbury, 159;
Amesbury, 174; Baydon, 187;
Bedwyn, 188 ; Bishopstone, 204 ;
Bishopstrow, 205; Blackland,
219 ; Chilmark, 637 ; Clarendon,
226; Conkwell, 355 ; Crudwell,
238; Donhead, 241; Grovely,
261; Kennett, 184; Knowle, 189;
Knoyle, East, 275; Liddington,
280; Maddington, 283; Man-
ningford Bruce, 284; Marl-
borough, 285 ; Norton, 298; No
Man’s Land, 296 ; Ogbourne St.
George, 303; Pewsey, 307;
Rotherley, 193; Rushall, 316;
Rushmore, 193; Salisbury, 316 ;
Semley, 318; Stanton Fitz-
warren, 322; Swindon, 41;
Upavon, 334; Upton Lovell,
334; Whiteparish, 341 ; Wilcot,
342; Wilsford, 343.
Stone Celts,Ground (of stone other
than Flint, ¢.g., Basalt, Diabase,
Greenstone, &c.), 158, 174, 259.
Aldbourne, 156, 158; Ave-
bury, 184; Donhead, 240 ;
Grovely, 261 ; Keevil, 540, 637 ;
Liddington, 280; Norton, 298 ;
Pewsey, 307 ; Porton, 269 ;
Rotherley, 193 ; Roundway, 540,
637; Sarum, Old, 325; Stone-
henge, 171 ; Upton Lovell, 336 ;
Westbury, 264 ; Wilsford, 353.
Stone Celt (Gritstone), ground with
grooves at the sides, Liddington,
280 (fig.).
Stone, Flint Dagger or Spearhead,
Winterbourne Stoke, 367.
Stone, Flint Implements of Wilts,
Rev. H. G. O. Kendall reads on,
456. Use of in Bronze Age,
437.
Stone, Hammerstones, or Mullers,
of flint & sarsen, 14, 75, 76, 105,
106, 161, 388.
Stone Knife, Flint, with ground
edge, 171, 306.
Stone Pendant, 157.
Stone Pick, Flint, Hurdcott, 187.
Stone Saws, Flint, Aldbourne, 156;
Swindon, 41.
Stone Scrapers, &c., Flint, 540.
Avebury, 14, Golden Ball
Hill, 148 ; Liddington, 579, 580 ;
Lugbury, 396; Rotherley, 193 ;
Winterbourne Monkton, 109;
Winterbourne Stoke, 407.
Stone Syenite Mould for Celts,
Bulford, 217.
Stone, Slate, &., Wrist Guards,
157, 217, 220, 315, 370.
Stone, various, see List of Pre-—
historic Antiquities, 153—378.
See also Paleolithic.
Stone, EK. H., gift, 631. Gen.
F, G., writings, 534. Josias,
613. Rob., gift, 631.
W. Warry, gift, 631. Will.
604, 609.
Stonehenge, 529. Described,
171—173. Arts. on, noticed,
129, 524. Blue Stones,
foreign to Wilts, 444, 445 ;
Oldest Circle, 445; Origin of, —
172, Cursus, Long Bar-
row at E. end, 383. Date
of, Astronomical, 172; Prof.
Sayce on, as fixed by cylin-
drical beads, 643—645.
Excavations, 643. Flint
Implements found not neces-
sarily Neolithic, 445. Illusts.,
124, 129, 524, 539. Models
of, 524. Paintings of, by
Edgar Barclay, given to Salis-
bury, 110, 449. Sarsens,
origin of, 436. Visited, 444,
INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII. 715
Storke, Barth., & Peter, 616.
Storridge Farm (Heywood), 264.
Story, Mrs., 114.
Stote, Rev. A. W., gifts, 9, 149.
Stotherd, P. K., gift, 631.
Stourhead, 107. Drawings of,
by Nicholson, sold, 634.
Park, Camp, 324,
Stourton, Alfred’s Tower, site of
Ecebright’s Stone, 513. An-
tiquities, Prehistoric, Roman,
&e., List of, 324. Persons,
see Baker, Hen.; Ellis, J. A.
(Rector). Subsidy List of
names, 600.
Stourton [Sturton], Will, Lord,
589, 605.
Stradling fam. at Dauntsey, 132.
Straight Knap (Berwick St. John)
Earthwork, 512. (Tollard
Royal) Barrow, 333.
Stratford-sub-Castle, 121, 500.
Antiquities, Prehistoric, Roman,
&e., List of, 325. See also
Sarum, Old.
Stratford Tony, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &c., List of, 326.
Grimsditch, 237.
Straton, John, 612.
Stratton St. Margaret, illusts., 146,
538. Persons, see Morse, L. LL.
Stratton, Upper, Church, 116.
Stratton, Will., excavations, 411.
Streatham, 117.
Streatley, Icknield Way, 138.
Streete, John, 611. Rob. &
Will., 575.
Streeter, Rev. G. T. P., obit., 501.
Stride [Stryde], Alice, 627.
Joan, 609. John, 597.
Strong [Stronge], John, 606.
Rog., 597, 628. Widow, 606.
Studley(Calne), Rom. building, 220.
Stukeley, Dr.,1.; Excavations, 165,
168, 344, 345.
Stumpe, Will., 496; grantee of
Malmesbury Abbey, 462, 463,
496 ; Grant printed in full, 497.
Sturge, Dr., 456.
Sturges, John, 617,622. Widow,
623, 628.
Stuteville, Rob.de,Bp. of Dunkeld,
24.
Subsidies and Assessments
in South Wilts, cir. 1641,
589 —630.
Sudbury, Simon, Archbishop, 30.
Sudeley, St. Kenelm’s Well, Con-
duit House, 428 (jig.).
Sharington’s work at, 427.
Suffolk, Countess of, port., 535.
Sugar Hill (Aldbourne), Barrows,
156.
Sullivan, Harriet T. & John S., 116.
Summer Down (Bratton) Barrow,
209. (Collingbourne) Bar-
rows, 234. (M. Lavington)
279.
Summerfield (Marlborough),
Saxon pottery, 311.
Summerslade Down
Deverill), Barrow, 210.
Sumner, Bp. of Winchester, 499.
Emily S., 499. Hey-
Wood, ‘“‘ Ancient Earthworks of
Cranborne Chase” by, noticed,
511, 512; Reads on ditto, 554.
Sumson, see Sympson.
Sunnyhill (Collingbourne) Ditch,
233.
Surnames, Wiltshire, art. on,
noticed, 527.
Sutton fam., buy Roundway, 525.
F. & Mrs., ports., 142.
H., Treasurer of Salisbury, bene-
faction, 566. James, M.P.
for Devizes, 452; builds Grey-
(Brixton
stone House, 451. Oliver,
Bp. of Lincoln, 26. Prince,
451.
Sutton Benger Church, art. on,
noticed, 132.
Sutton Mandeville, Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, &c., List of,
326, 327.
Sutton Veny, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &c., List of, 327,
328. Long Barrow, 399.
Old Church, 327, 399. Per-
sons, see Noyes, Dora & Ella.
Swaines (place), 609.
Swallowcliffe, Barrow, 328.
Subsidies, Lists of names, 596,
623.
Swallowfield (Berks,
Wilts) Deeds, 149.
Swanton, KE. W., writings, 516.
Fras., 608, 610, 618.
Sweetaple, Edm., 615. Edw.,
602. John, 602, 615.
Sweete, Tho., 625.
Sweetwell (Semley ?), 597, 624.
Swindon, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &e., List of, 328, 329.
3 EB 2
formerly
716 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII,
Bronze Age Interments and
Drinking Cups, 42—44 (/figs.)
Butts Field, interment, 329.
Canal, illust., 537. Church
work, art. on, noticed, 527.
Croft, The, 498. Flint Celt
and Saw,41. Floods, 145,537.
Grammar School, Old, 498.
G.W.R. Works, 520.
Illusts., various, 145—147.
Interments, 46, 329. Kim.
Clay, Saurians, 45; Turtle, 149.
Late Celtic Loom weights,
&ec., 44. Okus Quarries, 42
—44, Paleolithic Flint im-
plement, 41. Parochial Hall,
537. Persons, see Archer, A. ;
Browne, Fras.; Few, R.; Hill,
C.; Hilton, Miss; Humphreys,
Mr. ; Lawrence, S.J. Lawson,
W. i; Lowe, Ie ; Morse, L. L. ;
Pakeman, Poppy : Passmore, A.
D.; Phillips, Rob.; Pillinger,
James; Shawyer, J. J. (Mayor);
Spackman, Ern.; Wade, J. ;
Walker, Jock; Williams, C. ;
Wiltshire, Fred.; Woolford, A.
Portland, Beds, Dinosaurian
spine, 106, 148. Prehistoric
and Roman Swindon, A. D.
Passmore on, 41—47 (/igs.).
Primitive Methodist Church,
498. Roman Building and
Pottery, Victoria Rd., 45, 46;
House, Quarries, & Interments,
Westlecote, 44—46, 329.
Winnitred St., 46. Work-
house Children’s Home, illust.,
537.
Swinefeld, Rich.de, Bp.of Hereford,
Sykes, Mr., 107.
Symonds, Rev. W., transcription,
128.
Symondsbury (Dors.) Bridge, In-
dulgence for repair of, 30.
Symons, J., 34, 37.
BynuEee [Sumpson}, And., 595,
621. Joan, 595. Luke,
597, 623.
Synge, Rev. F. P., transcription,
128.
Syrencot House (Figheldean), 254.
Syston, 502.
Tabor, John, 623.
Talbot, C. H., note, 641 ; writings,
131.
Tan Hill, Barrows, &c., 159—161.
Cylindrical Notched Glass
Beads, 644. Wansdyke, 202.
Tanner, Mr., 259. Rey. G. F.,
transcription, 128. James,
574. John, 608; Dr.
John, obit., 649. Will., 574.
Tapp, Dr., remarks, 438.
Target Barrow (Bulford), 216.
Targett, Anth., 595, 621. Edith,
620. John, 594, 618, 619,
621. Sibyl, 619.
Taunton, 508.
Tayler [Taylor], Cuth., 601, 613.
Dr. Chr., 117. Dr. G. C.,
obit., 117. Dr. H. P. , wift, 9:
Will. (I. & II.), 622.
Taylor, Marg., 34.
Teffont Evias, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &c., List of, 329.
Owned by Ld. Marlborough,
590. Persons, see Phipp,
John (Vicar). Purbeck Beds,
section, 135. Subsidies, Lists
of Names, 596, 625.
Teffont Magna, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &c., List of,
330.
Temple Farm (Ogbourne St. An-
drew), Barrows, 308. Long |
Chambered Barrow, 301, 409.
Temple, G. N., 205.
Templeman’s "Farm (Redlynch),
Barrow, 312.
TemplesFarm (Upton Scudamore),
Barrow, 337.
Tenantry Down (Edington), Bar-
row, 250.
Tenbury, 120.
Tennant, Hon. Clare, one 536.
Terry, Josias, 602, 615.
Tewkesbury Abbey, 460, 467.
Cloister, 488.
Thacher, Peter, 131.
Thame, Amy, 615. Anne, 602.
Thames River, crossed by Icknield
Way, 137, 138.
Thayne, John, 616.
Thetford Castle Mound, 438.
Ickneild Way? 138.
Thirteen Hundred Down (West-
bury), Barrows, 340.
Thomas, Archdeacon, 439.
E. F., port., 142, 536. John,
602, 614.
Thorne, Sibyl, 615.
Thorney Down (Laverstock), 278.
INDEX TO
Thornham Down (Uparen 2), 334.
eo (E. Kennett) Barrows,
Thornhill] Lane (Broad Town) Bar-
row opened, 213.
Thoulston (Upton Scudamore),
Rom. Remains, 337.
Thresher, Rich., 614.
Thurlow, Rev. A.R. , transcription,
128.
Thurnam, Dr. John, Barrows
opened by, see List of Prehistoric
Antiquities, 153—378. His
Collection of Skulls at Cam-
bridge, MS. List of, 381.
Excavations, 380, 382, 383, 385,
386, 388, 390—392, 395, 396, 399,
400—405, 407, 410, 412. On
number of Barrows, 378.
Thynne, Ann, 603. James,
593; Sir James, 590, 603, 617,
618. Sir John, 429.
Thos., 617. W., 35.
Tice, Lucas or Rich., 594. Rob,
597. See also 'T’ yse.
Tick Pit Hill (hdmrorth 1), 3al.
Ditch, 233.
Tidcombe & Fosbury, 398. An-
tiquities, Prehistoric, Roman,
&c.. List of, 330. Great Bar-
row, 400
Tidworth [Ledworth, Tudeworth],
395. Held by Rich. de
Combe, 531.
Tidworth, North, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &e., List of, 330.
Tiles, Encaustic, see Malmesbury
bbey.
Tilshead, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., List of, 331, 332.
Ditch, 369. Greek Coin, Alex.,
106. Lodge, Long Barrow,
331, 332, 402 ; Illust., 148.
Long Barrows described, 400
—404. Persons, see Bartlett,
Mr.; Johnson, J. H. (Vicar) ;
Tucker, Mr. Windmill, Old,
Tllust., 148.
Tilston, Hen., 608.
Tin, Bead of, Sutton Veny Barrow,
328,
Tinhead Long Barrow, 250, 390.
Tinker, Oliver, 593, 621.
Tinkley Coppice ( Berwick 8.J ohn),
Barrow opened, 192. Bronze
Spearhead, 193, 636. Down,
Barrows, 192.
VOL, XXXVIII. 717
Tintern Abbey Church, 461.
Tisbury, 591. East & West, An-
tiquities, Prehistoric, Roman, &e.,
List of, 332. Churchyard
Cross, 638. Purbeck Beds,
illust., 135. Subsidies, Lists
of Names, Recusants, 594, 618,
619. See also Bridsor.
Tittle Path Hill (Donhead), Castle
Rings Camp, 241.
Tockenham, Church, Roman Re-
lief, 333. West Tockenham
Court bought by Sir W. Button,
519.
Todbury 2 (Wilts), 574.
Tokens, 17th cent.,
pub., 114, 148. Salisbury,
unpub., 642. Steeple Ashton,
540. Wiltshire, 148.
Tollard Royal, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, Saxon, List of,
333. Church, effigy, visited,
553. King John’s House
visited, 554. Larmer Grounds
visited, 554.
Toms, Rich., 633.
Toogood [Twogood], Chr., 599, 609.
Edw., 612. Eliz., 601.
John, 612. Phil., 612.
Will., 607, 609.
Toope, Rob., 604.
Topliffe, Widow, 617.
Topp, John, 592, 593.
613. Jerome, 602.
Toppin, Capt. H arry S., obit., 647.
Major-Gen. James M. &
Mrs., 647.
Tormarton (Gloucs.), Barrows, 273.
“Tots” (W. Dean), Brit. Coin, 238.
Tottenham House, Rom.
Villa, 188, 218.
Tottenham Wood (Edington), 250.
Totterdown (Preshute), Barrow,
259. Little Owls, 517.
Pit, 309.
Tower Hill (Newton Tony), Bar-
row, 296.
Townsend’s Knoll, see Cleveancy.
Townshend, F. Marsham, 311,
Hindon, un-
Jeremy,
524.
Toyd Clump (Stratford Tony),
Grims Ditch, 326.
Toyd Farm (Hants), Long Barrow,
380.
Trade Routes in Britain in Neo-
lithic times, 529. In Europe
in Neolithic and Bronze ages,
718
644, Scandinavian trade with
Britain in Prehistoric times, 644.
Trafalgar House (Standlynch), 118.
Karthwork near, 321.
Trafalgar, Viscount, 119.
Transvaal War, 498.
Treacher, W. B., gift, 9.
Treasure Trove at Barbury, 532.
Trebrett, John & Will., 574.
Tree-Sparrow, 111.
Tree trunk coffins in barrows, 336.
Trent College (Derbys.), 648.
Trent, Council of, on Pardons, 18.
Trepplin,E. Gh, collection, 282 ; Ex-
cavations, 372.
Trew, Marg., 595.
Trier (Germ.) Potteries,
wares, 101.
Trippocke, John, 614.
Triptree, Widow, 628.
Tropenell Memoranda, A.
Maskelyne on, 48—52.
Trow Down (Alvediston), 164.
Trowbridge,Adcroft School, illust.,
147. Church, Parish, archi-
tecture, art. on noticed, 528 ;
Chimney Piece in Vestry, Par-
vise removed, remains of win-
dows at Rectory, Wyke Chapel,
528. Church of St. Thomas,
117. Cloth manufacture, ap-
pliances, 148. Cottage Hos-
pital, 117. Emmanuel Church,
illust., 146. Tllusts., various,
145, 146, 538, 539. Lovemead
House, 117. Manor held by
John of Gaunt, 528. Per-
sons, see Algar, Geo. ; Carter, E.
C.; Clark & Collins; Clark,
Miss ; Crabbe, Geo. (Rector) ;
Ghye, Sam. ; Hastings, Canon
(Rector) ; Hewett, Mrs. TEL Lovell ;
Hill, T. S. ; Hutchinson, C: G. ;
Hobson, F. Lansdown, G.;
Ledbury, W. N ,; Long, F. W. ;
’
Belgic
Ss
wee
Mann, W. J.; Massey, R. J.;
Miller, Dr. L. C.; Parsons, W. ;
Pitman, Sir Isaac; Pryce, Rev.
B. V.; Rodway, Miss; Ryder,
A. D. (Rector); Stancomb, A.
P. & John; Stimpson, Rev. J.
F. A. ; Stote, A. W. (Vicar of H.
Trin.) ; Tayler, Dr. G. C. ; Wallis,
J.; White, E. J.; Willis, F. R. ;
Wise, Dr. N. V. Pitman, Sir
Isaac at, illusts., 146; Birth-
place, Home in Timbrell St.,
INDEX TO VOL.
XXXVIII.
Memorial Bust, Old Counting
House, School attended by,
illusts., 521, 522. Prospect —
House, 7, ; illust., 147.
Rectory Garden, 528. Reg-
isters, 140. School formerly
in Churchyard, illust., 134, 527.
‘Town Hall, 527.
Troyte, Rev. Berkeley, 499.
Troyte-Bullock, G., 499.
Truckle Hill Barn (N. Wraxall),
Rom. settlement, 373.
Truncombe Wood (Kingston Dev-
erill), 273.
Truxton, Will., 574.
Tubbyas, Rob., 36.
Tubularia (fossil), 344.
Tucker, Amb., gift, 631; Obit.,
510. Mr., excavations, 303.
Tuckey, J. & Cicely, ports., 535.
Tudeworthe, see Tidworth.
Tufted Duck, 111.
Tully (Perths), 648.
Tulse, Will., 614.
Turnbull, Cicely, port., 535.
Turncombe Wood (Deverill), 273.
Turner, John (1. & IL.), 594, 619.
Marg., 612. Tho., 620.
Tutt, Edw., 606.
Twining (—), 1.
Tylly, Morrice, 622.
Tyse fam., art. on, noticed, 131.
Nich., 619, 620. Rob.,
624. See also Vice.
Tytherington Barrows, 208, 264.
Tytherton Kelloways, Moravian
settlement, illust., 136.
Persons, see Rich, a (Rector).
Tytherton Lucas, Church restored,
120.
Tytherton, West, 120.
illust., 538.
Uffcott (Broad Hinton) Down,
Barrows, 213, 373. Flint
implements, 213.
Uffington Castle (Berks) Camp,
576. Evidence of Stockade,
583.
Underwood, John & Juliana, 31.
“Unfortunate Concubine, The,”
‘641.
Upavon, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., List of, 333, 334,
Ditch, 251, 316. Tllust.,
124. Tradition that Old
Upavon was at Casterly, 85.
See also Casterly Camp.
Manor,
INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII. 719
Brit. Gold Coin,
637. Upper, Antiquities
found at, 158; brit. Village, 159.
Lower, 157.
Upton Lovell, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &c., List of, 334
— 336. Barrows opened, 586,
587. Bead Necklace, illust.,
644. Ditch, 224. Gold
Barrow, 125.
Upton Scudamore, Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, &., 336.
Tilust., 536.
Urchfont, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, Saxon, &c., 337.
See also Wedhampton.
Uvedall, Sir Will., 615.
Vale of White Horse Hounds, 145.
Van Dieman’s Land (Stanton
Fitzwarren), interment, 322.
Veneti of Brittany, trade with
Britain, 644.
Verlucio, site of, 220, 263, 639.
Vernditch Chase, Grims ditch, &
Rom. Rd., 212.
Verrett, Edw., 624.
Vespasian’ s Camp( Amesbury),173,
408. Barrows opened, 1770,
acct. of, 115, 167, 168.
e Villages of the White Horse,” by
A. Williams, noticed, 520, 521.
Vienne, Hospital of St. Anthony,
30.
Vindogladia, Rom. Rd. to Old
Sarum, 326.
Vines Brake (Latton), Rom. Coffin,
278.
Vineyards, Malmesbury, 466.
Virgins, 11,000, Relics of, 561.
Vize Lane( Winterbourne Bassett),
356.
Vize Way, 376.
Vyall, Will., 606.
Wade, Jack, port., 535.
Waden (Weadon] Hill & Penning
(Avebury), 176.
Wadman, Mr., 636.
Wadman’s Coppice (Imber), Brit.
Village & Barrow, 269, 270.
Wainhouse, Will., 441.
Waite (—), 145, 539.
Wales, Gold found in,in Prehistoric
days, 644.
Wales, Hen., Prince of, member of
F raternity of Ch. of ‘Sarum, 5 570.
Walker fam. hold Compton
Comberwell, 532. Jock,
port., 142. Rob., 589, 593,
620, 622, 625, W., gift, 148.
Walker’s Hill, Earthworks, 162.
Long Barrow, 382.
Wall, Humph., 39.
Wallingford, Icknield Way, 138.
Wallis, Ezekiel & James, 519.
John, Bellfounder, 133.
Walmesley [Wamsley], J., gifts, 9,
631. Kath., 614. Rich.,
649. Lt. Rich., obit., 649.
Mees Ralph de, Bp. "of N orwich,
Walsingham Church, 481.
Walter, Will., 601.
Walton, Maurice, 614.
Wanborough, 520. Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, &ec., Lists
of, 337, 338. Grant of lands
by Aithelwulf, 138. “ Hud-
son’s Pudding,” 521.
Ickleton Way, 138. Icknield
Way, course of, 138. Tilust.,
538
Wanborough, Lower, Lot Mead &
Covingham Farm, Roman Town,
45.
Wans, site of Verlucio, Rom.
objects, 220. Wansdyke &
Rom. Rd., 220, 225.
Wansdyke, course of, 159—162,
164, 188, 195, 202, 203, 207, 220,
259, 293, 306, 309, 317, 319, 322,
373, 633. And Rom. Rd.,
course of, 237, 263, 276, 285.
Course, E. of Savernake traced,
436. Date of, 486; Major
Godsal on, 514, 515. Hut
Circles near, 632. Purpose
of, 436. Rom. Brit. Pottery,
88.
Wansey [Wansie; Wansy], John,
601, 610, 612.
Warbleton (Surrey), Chapel of St.
John Bapt., 30.
Ward, Hon. Mrs. John, port., 142.
J. E., gifts, 9, 638. J.W.,
obit., 499, Col. M. F., gift, 9.
Seth, Bp. of Salisbury, 131.
Warden, Col. L. H., obit., 507.
Wardour, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &e., List of, 338.
Castle, 332. Geol. Assocn.
at, 1911, 135.
Ward’s Farm (Blackland), 219.
Wareham, King Edward honoured
at, 562.
720 INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII,
Warham, Will., Archbishop, 33.
Warminster, 24, 555. Antiqui-
ties, Prehistoric, Roman, Saxon,
List of, 338—340. Burr Stone
(Geol.), 397. Church, Halli-
day Pew case, 144. Cobbet’s
Ride, 133. Cottage Hospital,
144, Golf Course, Barrows
destroyed, 338, 339. Gram-
mar School, 506. Tilusts., 124,
146, 147. Long Barrows, 404,
405. Persons, see Bush,James;
Hall, J. W.; Halliday, J. E.;
Hawkins, A. H.; Morgan, Ed.
& Rich. ; Parish, C. W. ; Smith,
Rey. F. ; Whytehead, H. R.
(Vicar); Willcox, H. L. & R. L.
Subsidy, List of names,
1641, 592. Visited, 443.
Warren, The (W. Knoyle), Barrow,
O75.
Warren Copse (White Sheet Hill),
193.
Warrenne, John de, E. of Surrey,
126.
Warton in Kendall, Indulgence for
repair of bridge, 30.
Washington, Arms,531 ; memorials
at Garsdon, art. on, noticed,131,
530, 531. Sir Lawrence, port.,
538.
Water Cress, cultivation, 521.
Water Dene Bottom (Rushall %),
59, 70. Ditch, 316.
Water Eaton, illust., 539.
Waterman, John, 619.
Watling Street, 138.
Watson, Aaron, writings, 528.
Wattman, Thos., 601.
Watts [Wattes], Edith, 590, 611.
Geo., 114; gift, 148.
H. R., port., 144. John, 590,
601, 609. Rich., 574.
Thos., 610. Widow, 613, 616.
Waylen, G. 8S. A., on proposal to
re-cast St. Mary’s (Devizes) Bells,
447.
Weare [ Weere], Chr., 598, 627.
John, 597, 624. (Alias
Brown) Rich., 35. Rob.,
36.
Weather Hill (Fittleton), Barrows
and Ditch, 256—258. Long
Barrows, 391, 409.
Weaver, B., port., 144.
Weavers of London, Common Hall
burnt, minute books saved, 572.
Refugees from Flandersand.
France, 573.
Webb, Bp. A., Dean of Salisbury,
Memorial, 560. John, 617,
626. W. A., gift, 542 ; note,
640.
Wedhampton (Urchfont), Iron La
Tene brooch, 337.
Wedmore (Som.), Alfred at, 513.
Weekes, Mr., 478. Fras., 602,
615. John (I. & IT.) 598,
626, 627, 629. Luke, 629.
Rich., 629. Rinaldo, 629.
Will., 602, 615.
Welburne, John de, gift to Lincoln
Cathedral, 569, 570.
Welch, Hen. & John, 608.
Well Bottom (Boyton), 208.
Wellby Gregory, Alice & Sir G. E.,
499.
Wells (Norf.), 118.
Wells (Som.), 508. Cathedral,
Statue of Ina, 568; W. Front
built by Bp. Jocelyne, 568.
Wells, Geo., 621.
Welsh Fusiliers Regt., 510.
Wendover, Icknield Way, 138.
Wesley, Charles, at Devizes, 451.
“ Wessex,” by Clive Holland, no-
ticed, 133. “ Wessex, Early
Wars of,” by A. F. Major, no-
ticed. 512—514, See of,
divided, 459. Under Cerdic, —
boundaries of, 513.
West Down (Orcheston St. Mary),
Barrows, 304.
West Park Field (Bromham), Rom.
Villa, 214.
West Woods (Overton), Barrow,306.
Bronze age Food Vessel,
306, 585 (jig.). Wansdyke,
259, 309.
West, Rich., 593, 597, 620, 622.
Westbury, 555. Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, &c., List of,
340, 341. Church, Baptistery,
145. Illusts., 146, 538, 540,
Persons, see Clarke, W.
R. M. (Vicar). Rom, Brit,
Pottery, 87. Rom. Objects, —
264. See also Heywood.
Westcombe Down (Longbridge
Deverill) Barrows, 281.
Westerham (Kent), 120.
Westfield Farm (Wilsford), 352.
Westlecote (Swindon), Rom. buil-
ding, &e., 329.
INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII. 721
Westly, Ephraim, 618. James,
» 608.
Westminster Abbey, Meat Frater,
Monastic buildings, 491, 492.
Palace, St. Stephen’sChapel,
488.
Westwood, Antiquities, Prehis-
toric, Roman, &c., List of, 341,
Church, arts. on, noticed.
135. Elms Cross House
burnt by Suffragettes, illust.,
147, Manor House, illust.,
133. Persons, see Kirkham,
G. H. (Vicar). Rom. Bronze
Pin, Stone Coffin, &c., 540.
Wexcombe Down (EK. Grafton)
Barrows, 260. Long Barrow,
392.
Weyland Smith’s Cave, 129.
Weymouth, Cleeveland House,
648.
Whatley & Co., gift, 149.
Whatman, Thos., 612.
Wheatfield Cottages (Purton), 311.
Wheeler, W. A., 571.
Whelk Shells (Roman), 105.
Whetham (Calne), 638. Rom.
Urn, 220.
Whetstones and Hones, 105.
Grooved, 335.
Whettle, Marg., 594. Mich.,
619.
Whetney, Mrs., 627. James,
627, 629. Marie, 629.
Whistler, C. W., 512.
Whitby, Dan., port., 130.
Whitchurch, 28.
White, Mr., 642; of Whitley, bene-
factons, 127. Agnes, 615.
A. R., of Mere, collection,
287. E. J., port., 144.
Geo., 628. G. A. H., gift,
631. Hen. (1. & II.), 600,
- 606. Rev. H. J., writings,
532. John, 574. Mat.,
603, 617. Thos., 574, 597.
White Barrow (Tilshead), Long
Barrow, 331, 332. Property
of Nat. Trust, 402.
White Hill (Overton), Barrow, 306.
White Horse (Marlborough), 311.
White Horse Hill (Berks), 520;
Icleton Way, 138. (Broad
Hinton) 213; Earthwork en-
closure, 356.
White Scar Hanging, 336, 341.
White Walls (Easton Grey), =
VOL. XXXVIII.—NO. CXXII.
Mutuantonis, 249. Square
Camp, 248.
Whitecliffe Down (Brixton Dev-
erill), 209. Earthworks, 210,
411. Roman Midden, 211.
Whitehaven, 122.
wines Geo., 45. See Whyte-
head.
Whiteheart [Whitharte ; Whyte-
hart], Anth., 35, 37.
Whytemarch (Sedgehill), 597, 624.
Whiteparish, Antiquities, Prehis-
toric, Roman, &ec., 341. See
also Brickworth.
Whitesheet Castle Camp (Mere),
287, 324.
Whitesheet Hill (Ansty) Long
Barrow, 384. (Berwick St.
John) Barrows, 190. (Kil-
mington), Barrows, 271.
(Mere) Barrows, 286, 287.
Ditches, 193, 271,324. Earth-
works, 174. Ox Drove, 137.
Whitland, 604.
Whitley (Melksham), 127; illust.,
524. Persons, see Stanton,
J. H.; White, Mr.
Whitlocke, John & Will., 573.
Whitney, E., gift, 9. James,
589, 626. Mary, 597.
Whitsbury Castle Camp (Hants),
Stronghold of Britons against
Saxons, 511, 513. Ditch, 242,
321.
Whytehead, H. L. & Mrs., ports.,
144. Rev. H. R., 144.
Whyr Farm (Winterbourne Bas-
sett), Karthworks & Paleolithic
Implements, 356.
Wiatt, see Wyatt.
Wick (Devizes), Rom. coins, 203,
239.
Wick Ball Camp (Dinton), 330.
Wick Bottom (Ogbourne St. An-
drew), Barrow, 301 ; Bronze Awl,
302. Farm, Earthwork En-
closure, 309.
Wick Down (Collingbourne), 233.
(Downton), Grims Ditch,
242, (Standlynch), Grims
Ditch, 321.
Wick Lane (Wanborough), Ermine
Street, 338.
Wickenden, Canon, 569, 570.
Widdington Combe, 59. Farm,
53.
Wilbury House, 225, 295.
3 F
TRE INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII.
Wilcockes, Sam., 610.
Wilcot & "Oare, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &c., 341, 342.
Brit. Village, Huish Hill,
267. Oval Barrow, Draycot
Hill, opened, 411, 412.
Wildman, W. B., acts as guide, 555.
Wilkins [Wilkin], Chr., 608.
Edm., 629. Edw., 598.
John, 575. Rich., 608.
Thos., 573. Will., 628.
Wilkinson, Lady Beatrix, 121.
Rev. J., excavations, 377.
Willcox, H. L., obit., 502. Dr.
R. L., 502.
William, Abbot of Malmesbury,
490.
Williams, Alfred, sift, 542; “Wilt-
shire Village, ‘Ao? noticed, IST 2
“Villages of the White Horse,”
by, noticed, 520, 521; Writings,
137, 533, C., port., 535.
Edw., 611. John, 574.
Marg., 595. Widow, 611. «
Willing, W., 39.
Willis, F. R., port.,148. Phineas,
628.
Willoughby Hedge, 393. Bar-
rows, 275. Old, Drove Rd.,
137.
Willoughby, Mary, 600. Rich.,
607. Will., 600, 606.
Willow weaving and plaiting for
hats, Aldbourne, 521.
Wills, Wiltshire, in Prerog. Court
of Canterbury, 131, 531.
Wills, E. §., gift, 9.
Wilsford (Pewsey Vale), Antiq-
uities, Prehistoric, Roman,Saxon,
342, Ell Barrow, 405.
Ditch, 221, 316, 334. Dwell-
ing Pits, Late Celtic, 79, 86.
Wilsford (S. Wilts), Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, &c., 343,346.
Barrows, 350. Ditch,
369. Long Barrows de-
scribed, 405, 406. Persons,
see Handcock, 8. F. (Vicar).
See also Normanton.
Wilson, John, 597.
Wilton, 5), 27. Abbey, In-
dulgence for St. Edith’s helday,
31. Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, Saxon, List of, 354, 355.
Capital of Wilts, 513.
Hospital of St. Giles, Indulgence
for, 31. Hospital of St. John,
Indulgence for, 30., Hounds,
art. & illusts., noticed, 146, 523.
House, Bridge, illust., 12); 3
Diptych of Rich. IL, art. on °
authorship of,and illust. noticed,
525, 539; Illusts., 124, 146, 539.
Free School Bicentenary,
526. Illusts., 145, 538.
Kingsbury Square, 355.
Persons, see Blake, Hannah ;
Buckeridge, G. H. (Mayor) ;
Campbell, Guy (Rector); Cooke,
E. W. (Mayor); Herman, Bp. ;
Olivier, Canon (Rector), & Capt.
k. H.; Pembroke, Earl of; Slow,
Edw.; Ward, J. W. Yellow
Metal Bowl found, 355.
Wilton (E. Grafton) Ditch, inter-
ce ae 260, 261. Rom.
Rd.,
Wilton, Wi, Tomb in Salisbury
Cathedral, 568.
Wilts & Dorset Bank, 500, 501.
Wilts & Gloucestershire Standard,
gift, 541.
Wiltshire Archzeolog. Soc., Accts.,
1912, 1913, 150, 151, 543, 544.
Annual Dinners, 443, 552.
Meeting at Devizes, 1913,
with Cambrian Arch. Assn.,
435—457; at Shaftesbury,
1914, 545—556. Meeting
Secretary appointed, 549.
Museum and Library, seeDevizes.
Reports, 1913, 1914, 448
—451; 545—549,
Wiltshire Authors, Books, &c., by,
noticed, 140, 141, 532—534.
Wiltshire Books, Pamphlets, Ar-
ticles, noticed, 124—-141, 511—
532. Ethnology, 440.
Tllusts., various, 144—147, 537—
540. Local Events, 1912, art.
on, noticed, 135. M.P.s in 1808,
526. Newspapers at Museum,
449, “ Notes and Queries, ”
noticed, 130, 131, 530.
Portraits,noticed,142—144,535- —
587; and Engravings, “Catalogue
of the Collection of A. Tucker,”
pubd., 510. Protestation Re-
turns of 1641, 130, 131.
Regiment, 507, 510 ; Illusts.,
various, 145, 539; Reception at
Devizes, 1913, illusts., 146 ; Pre-
sentation of Colours, illust., BBis
Wiltshiremen, List of,
INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII. 723
extracted from Minute
Books of Company of Wea-
vers of London, 1653—
1674. By F. BR. Y. Rad-
cliffe, 572—575. Wilt-
shire Times, gift, 149
Working Men’s Conservative
Benefit Soc., 502, 506.
Wiltshire Coppice, 333.
Wiltshire, Fred., 537.
Wimborne (Dorset), Etheldred
buried at, 134.
Winchelsey, Rob., Archbishop, 27.
Winchester, 27. Bp. of, 30.
Cathedral, 460, 468, 470, 491 ;
Door from, at Stanton Fitz-
warren, 130; Lands at Wan-
borough, 138. College, 508.
Windmill Ball (Avebury), 12.
Windmill Ground (W. Knoyle),
275.
Windmill Hill (Avebury), 179.
Barrows, 358, 377. Ditch,
360. (Clyfie Pypard), Barrow,
297. Down (Collingbourne),
Ditch, 233; (Ludgershall), Bar-
row, 28].
Windsor Castle Mound, 439.
Windwhistle (Donhead), Flint Im-
plements, 241.
Wingreen Hill, 389, 408. (Ber-
wick St. John), Ridgeway &
Ditch, 193. -(Donhead) Bar-
rows & Ditch, 240, 241.
Winklebury Hill, Barrows, 190.
Camp (Berwick St. John),
192, 512. Ox Drove, 137.
Winsford Tything, Subsidies,1641,
Lists of names, 597, 627, 628.
Winsley, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., 355. Persons,
see Hendy, Will. ; Reynold,John ;
Wythie, John. Sanatorium,
117.
Winterbourne Bassett, Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, &c., List of,
355, 356. Orchis hircina, 114.
Winterbourne Dauntsey, Antiqui-
ties, Prehistoric, Roman, «&c.,
356, 357.
Winterbourne Earls, Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, &c., 357.
Winterbourne Gunner, Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, &c., 357, 358.
Winterbourne Monkton, Antiqui-
ties, Prehistoric, Roman, &c.,
358—361. Down, Dwelling
Pits opened, described, 108
—110(fig.),148 ; Crucible, 109
(fig.); Terrace, section of, 109
Jig.). Long Barrow, 406.
Milbarrow, Long Chambered
Barrow, 410. Persons, see
Bray, Mr. ; Eyles, Mr. Rom.
Coins, 110. Sand in chalk
fault, 110. Shelving Stone,
Long Barrow, 410.
Winterbourne Stoke, Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, Saxon, 361
—370. Brit. Villages, 354.
Down, Barrows, 343; visited,
444, Long Barrows, 380, 400,
407; Oval Barrow at end of
Little Cursus, 412. Persons,
see Coles, Carey, Yellow-
a (really Redshank), shot,
41.
Winterbourne, John, 616.
Winters Penning (Pewsey), 306.
Winterslow, Antiquities, Prehis-
toric, Roman, &c., 370.
Corner, The Portway, Rom. Rd.,
357, 358. Firs, Barrows, 268.
Hut (Pheasant Inn), Bar-
rows, 370; Ditches, 269, 370.
Middle Winterslow, Rom. Rd.,
326. Persons, see Huth, G. E,
Roche Court, 535.
Winton, Abraham de, Treasurer of
Sarum, 559.
Winwood, H. H., his collection,
340.
Wise, G. F. & Dr. Nich. V.,, obit.,
506.
Wishford, Great, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, é&ec., 371.
Fairy Story, 533.
Rom. Rd., 261.
Witcha Cottages (Ramsbury), Bar-
rows, 312.
Witchcraft, Goody Orchard, 135.
Witch-hills (Preston in Lyneham),
Interment found, 282, 635.
Wien abe Plantation (Urchfont),
1 337.
Witherington Ring (Standlynch),
Earthwork, 321.
Withy Copse (Oare), Late Celtic
Midden, 298.
Witt, Thos., 623.
Wittering Church,Saxon work,452.
“ Wodens, Grims, & Offa’s Dykes,”
by P. T. Godsal, noticed, 514,
541.
Illust., 124,
3 FQ
724 INDEX TO VOL.
Wodington (Wilts), 575.
Wolves’ teeth necklace, 295.
Wood, Gen. Blucher, & Janet, 498.
Woodall, Rev. T. J., note, 107.
Woodborough, Persons, see Cam-
eron, I. (Vicar ), 9
Woodcombe Wood (Deverill), 209,
210, 272, 411.
Woodcuts, Brit. Village, Bead-rim
Pots, 90; Crucible, 110; Ditches,
56; Rom. Iron hinge hooks, 99 ;
Tron ox goad, 104.
Woodey, E., 531.
Woodford, 25. . Antiquities,
Prehistoric, Roman, &c., 371,372.
Church, Indulgence for, 32 ;
Font, 6388. Clump, 372.
Cross, restored, 638. Ditch,
295. Long Barrow, 407.
Persons, see Handcock, 8S. F.
(Vicar). Registers, 140.
Woodhill Park (Clyffe Pypard),
227.
Woodhouse Castle (Horningsham),
Moats, 267. Hanging(Bower-
chalke), 206.
Woodland, 609.
Woodlands Down (Berwick St.
John), Barrows, 190. (Mal-
denhall), Ditch, 288. :
Woodmington (Bowerchalke), 206.
Brit. Village, 207.
Woodsend (Aldbourne), 157, 158.
Woodward, Dr. A. Smith, 106.
Woodwork. Alms Box, Bench
Ends, and Altar Table, Shaftes-
bury, 551. Pulpit,
Jacobean, Brinkworth, 523.
Sculpture, Stanton Fitzwarren,
130. Staircase, Sheldon,
illust., 516. Table, 13th
cent., Chapter House, Salisbury,
134. See also Dog Gate.
Woodyates (Dors.), Brit. Village,
90, 104. East, Rom. Rd.,
212. Bokerly Dyke, 206.
Wool finde in W. of England, art.
on, 5
Woolford, A., port., 535. Owen,
538.
Woolleys (Wootton
Mound, excavated, 372.
Wootton "Bassett, 506, 575.
Antiquities, Prehistoric, Roman,
&e., 372. Illust., 538.
Maces, 530. Persons, see
Bevir, H.; Clenche, John ;
Bassett)
XXXVIII.
Gough, W. Stocks, Crimean
Gun, & Fire Engine, 530.
Town Hall, 132; “ Notes on,’
&e., by Rev. E. H. Goddard aa
W. Gough, noticed, 530.
Seealso Little Park.
Wootton Rivers, Church clock
made in village, illust., 144,
Wootton-under-Edge, 575.
Pitman’s House, illust., 522.
Worcester Abbey, Meat Frater,
491, 493. Cathedral, 467, 468,
470, 484, 486.
Worcester, William of, on Malmes-
bury Abbey, 461.
Word Ale at Midgehall, 132, 523.
Wordsworth, Chr., Sub-Dean, 40 ;
On List of Altars in Salis-
bury Cathedral and names
of Kings there represented
about 1398, 557—571; on
Wiltshire Pardons or In-
dulgences, 15—33; Writings,
131, 140, 501. John, Bp. o
Salisbury, 508 ; Effigy in Cath-
edral, illusts., 528; “ Novum
Testamentum ” by, noticed, 532 ;
Port., 140; “Sermons” by, no-
ticed, 140; writings, 149.
_ Mary A. F., writings, 140.
Mrs., gift, 149.
Worome, John, 611.
Worthy Mortimer (Hants), Manor,
49.
Wraxall, North, Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, &c., 372, 373.
Chantry & Chaplains, 518.
Church, illust., 518; Visited,
Notes on, noticed, 136. - In-
stitutions to benefice, List of,
519. Manor, descent of, 519.
“Notes on the Parish with
Life of late Rector, Francis Har-
rison,” by W. J. Lewis, noticed,
518, 519. Persons, see Gore,
Ed. & Hen. ; Howell, J.; Lang-
ley, John (Rector). - Rectory
built, 519. Roman Reliefs,
220 ; Villa described &illust.,518. —
Wraxall, South, Rom. Rd., 373.
Wraxhall, Eustace de, see Wrokes-
hale.
Wrenche, John & Marg., 48.
Wrenn, Dr., 604.
Wristguards, see Bone, & Stone.
Writh, John, Garter K. of Arms,
will of, 531.
INDEX TO VOL. XXXVIII. 725
Wrokeshale, Edith, Eustace, Sir
Geof., Sir John, Juliana, & Rose
de, 519.
Wroughton, 520. Alias Elyn-
don, 416. Antiquities, Pre-
historic, Roman, Saxon, 373, 374.
Church, C. E. Ponting
on, 415—425 (jigs.); Dedi-
cations, old and new, 416 ; Fonts,
424; Model of Church as it was,
424, (error) 642 ; Norman work,
416, 421 ; Pews, 424, 425, (error)
642; Screen formerly existing,
642, 643. Copse, 259.
Cross Base in Ch. yd., 424.
Name “Wroughton” first appears
1490, 416. Persons, see Cod-
rington fam.; Keble, R. J.
(Vicar); Light, W. H. (Vicar),
Rectory, in patronage of
Bp. of Winchester, 416.
Sexton, &c., 520.
cee. Thos. de, Bp. of Roches-
ter, 2
Wyatt “TWiatt, Wyett, Wyott],
Anne, 598, 629. Humph.,
606. J ames, Alterations at
Salisbury Cathedral, 565, 568,
571; Work at, Melksham Ch.,
127. Rich., 628. Thos.,
598, 607, 628.
Wyld, Canon, 126. Rev. C. N.,
gift, 631.
Wyle, Walterde la, Bp.of Salisbury,
Indulgence, 23 ; Monument, 564.
Wylye, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, &c., 374, 375. Monu-
mental Inscriptions Printed, 139.
Persons, see Hadow, G. R.
(Rector); Crockford, T.
Red Throated Diver, 148.
Registers pubd., 139, 140, 149,
505. River, 372, 399 ; illust.,
124. Valley conquered by
Saxons, 513
Wyncombe aponhead) Flint imple-
ments, 241.
Wyndham, Capt., of Wans, 220.
Hon. Geo, 144, 647;
art. on, noticed, 528; Death,
obit., & ports., 123, 448, 536.
Percy (I. & II.), 123. Hon.
Mrs. Percy, port., 144, 536.
Lt. the Hon. Perey L., port.,
144; Obit., 647. Will, of
Dinton, obit., 649.
Wyre Farm (Broad Hinton), Bar-
row, 213.
Wythie, John, will of, 527.
Yarnbrook, illust., 146.
Yarnbury Castle Camp (Steeple
Langford), 125,190; age of, 442 ;
described, 277; Visited, 443.
Yates, Thos., 574.
Yatesbury, Antiquities, Prehistoric,
Roman, We., 375, 376.
Yealfe [Yelfe],Hliz.,614. Widow,
602.
Yellowshanks, erroneous report of,
641.
Yeomanry, Wilts, Banners, &c.,
placed in Museum, 449.
Illust., 147,
Yerey, Rich., 613.
Yerley, Rich., ee
Yews, Great, 24
Yielding 2 Copse (lildenhall?) Diteh,
288, 302.
York, Eliz. of, 33. Ralph of,
Chancellor of Sarum, 28, 29.
Will of, Bp. of Salisbury, 23;
Burial place, 560.
Young [Youngue, Yongue, Younge]
fam., 519. Mr., gift, 148.
Alice, 519. E. H. J., port.,
536. Edwin gives Picture
Gallery to Salisbury, obit., 121.
Jos., 607. Steph., 603,
617. Thos. , buys N. Wraxall,
519. Will. 593, 620. W.
H., 646.
Yve, Will, 519.
Xanten, Rom. potteries, 87.
Zeals [Sayles] owned by Chafyn
Grove, 499. Pen Pits, 324.
Row, Earthwork near, 324.
Tything, Subsidies, 1641, Lists
of names, 600, 610, 611.
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