The Works of Horace

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UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD
ENGLISH FACULTY LIBRARY

This hook was bought with
a grant from the

PASSMORE EDWARDS
TRUST FUND

t^Ot^^*^^ruQ4r^i^t^s^wvN^w^tws»vr^^ 2^^-*^ W'-vt

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yg^^ UT'^S HOIC

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THE

I

I

I

I

WO R K S

O F

H O R A C E,

Traoflated Literally, into

ENGLISH PROSE.

By C. S M a R T, a. M.
of psmbroke-college, cambridge.

The Fifth Editiok.
I N T W O V 05'L U M E S.

VOL. II.

LONDON:
Printed for T. Caxman, in St. Paui'i ChuiduYarAo'

MDCCUCXlt.

i

Q;^ Horatii Flacci

^ V

S A T' ¥ R-A R U M

LIBER I.

\ t • t

I

•iv:

A 2

( 4 )•

Q^ HORATII FLACCI

S A T Y R A R U M

I^ I B E R I.

S A T Y R A I.
Ad MJECENATEM.

■

Omnibus^ mainme veto airarh^ fortem fuam gravem effe.

UI fit; Maecenas, ut nemo, quam fibi fortcm
Seu Ratio dcderit, feu Fors objcccrit, ilia
Contcntus vivat ; laudct diTerfa fequentes ?
Ofortunati mcrcatores, gravis annis (a)
Miles ait, mulfo jam fra6hjs membra laborc. 5

Contra mcrcator, navim ja£lautibus Auftris,
Militia eft potior, quid enim ? concurritur ; horx
Momento cifa mors venit, aut vi£loria lasta,'
Agricolam laudat juris legumquc peritus,
Sub -galli cantum confultor ubi oftia pulfat. 10

Illc, datis vadibus, qui rure extra6^us in urbem eft.
Solos Felices viventes clamat in urbe.

(a) Armis* Anon,- ^

' Cxtera

( 5 )

' THE

SATIRES

O F

HO R A C E.

BOOK I.

t

• • I *

SATIRE.!. -
To M iE C E N AS.

That aU^ hut tJJ^ecially tht covetc^Sy think their own con-
dition tht heirdefi,

HO Ay, comes it to pafs, M^cenas, that no one
lives content with his condition, whether Rea-
fon-*gave it hini) or Chance threw it in his
way ; lut praifes thoie who have different piirfuits ?
O happy merchants ! fay* the foldier, opprefled with
vedrs and now broke down in his limbs thro' excefs of
labour. On the other fide, thc^ merchant, Mrhen the
fouth-winds tofs his fhip, cries warfare is preferable ;
for why ? The engagement is begup, and in an inflant
.comes there a fpeedy death, ora happy victory. The
lawyer praifes the farmer's Jiate^ when the .client
knocks at his door by cock-crow« But he who hav-
ing entered into a recognizance, is dragged from the
country into the city, cries thofe only are happy who

A 3 live

i I

( 6 )

<

Caetera de gcnere hoc (adeo funtmulta) loquacem
Delaflarc valent F^ium..uc te marcr, audi
Quo rem deducarh. fi quis Deus, en ego,'dicatV* " 15
Jam faciam quod vultis : eris tu, qui modo mile^^
Mercator ; tu coniultus modo, ruflicus . hinc vos,
Vos hinc mutatis difcedite partibus. eia,
Quid ftatis ? Nolint : atqui licet efl'c beaiis*.
Quid caufae efl, merito quin illis Jupiter ambas 20
Iratas buccas inflet, neque fe fore poflhac
Tam facilem dicat, votis ut pr'sebeat aurem ?

Praetcrea, ne fie (a}^ ut qui jocularia, ridens
Percurram : (quanquam ridentem diccre verurt! '.
Quid vetat ? ut (i) pueris olim dant cruftula bl^ndi
Doftorcs, elementa vclint ut difcere prima. 26

Sed tamen amoto quxramus feria ludo.)
lUe gravem duro tcrram qui vertit aratroi
Ferfidus hie caupo (cj^*mi\csy nautaeque, per omne
Audaces mare qui curratif, hae meftte htborem 30
Sefe ferrc, fches ut in otia tuta recedant,
Aiunt, cum fibi fmt congefta cibaria : ficut
Parvuia (nam exemplo efl) magni formica laboris
Ore trahit quddcdnque poteft, atquc addit acervo
Quern flruit, baud ignara ac non incauta futuri. 3 J
C^a;, fimul jnvcrium contriftat Aquaris ann^ini^ .. < ^
Nonufquam prorepit^ etiiiit utituri^nte
Quaefitis (ii) fapiens : cum te neque fervidus aftus
DetTie\teat lucro, nequ* hi^ros, ignis^ marei fetriMn f^
Nil obiiet tibi# dum nc fit te ditior alter. > "48

Quid ju vat immenfiim te argenti pondus tt auri
Furtim defoffa limidum deponere terra?

(«) PiTctero ae fie . Afton, (i) Eji Sanad, (f) Ca«fi4i*''

cus vafcr hie. MarkU, (</) -Qiixfitis patiens. : ;» .• : ;

r • >

• • • • r»' . •• !

Qyod

( 7. ) .

live in the city. The oih^r if/fiances of this kind (they
are fo numerous) would weaiy out the loquHcious
Fabius tp repeat them. Not to keep you in lufpence,
attend to what an iflue 1 will. bring this matter. •If
any God ihould fay, Lo ! 1 will effect what yon dcfire :
you that was juft now a foldier, (hall be a merchant ;•
you that ixjui lately a lawyer, Ihall he a farmer. Do ye
depart one. way, and ye another, having exchanged^
the parts y<7ii are to a^ in lift. How now ! why do you
(land ? They are ynwilling, and yet it is m their
po^ver to be happy. What reafon, thtn^ can be af-
iigned, but that Jupiter Ihould deiervedly difiend both
his cheeks in indignation, and declare that for the
future \i% will not be fo indulgent as to lend an ear to
tlieir prayers ? But furthermore, that 1 may not nm
over this in a laughing manner, like thole who treat
t}n ludicrous fubjet^ts : (thp' what hinders one to be
naerry and tell the truth ? As good-natur'd teachers
at firflt give cakes to their boys, that they may be wil-
ling to learn their firft rudiments. However, rail-
lery apart, let us inveftigate ferious matters.) He that
turns the lumpifh glebe with- the hard plough-ihare,
this fraudulent adulterer 4//^ ^^^p, the foldicr, and
the failors, who daiintlefs run thro' every fea, profefs
that they endure toil with this intentioo, that, when
old men, they may retire into a fecure relling-place,
when once they have got together a fufficient provifion.

Thus the little ant (for ihc may fervc for an exam-
ple,) of great induftry, carries with her mouth what-
ever (he is able, and adds to her heap, which (he piles
up, by no jBeans ignorant of, and not improvident
for the future.

Which /jzr/, neverthekfsy asfoon as Aquarius faddcns
the inverted year, never creeps abroad, but wifely
makes ufe of thofe^^^m which were provided before
hand: while neither fultry fummer, nor winter, fire,
ocean, fword, can drive you from the purfuit ^gain.
Yoiv furmount every obftacle, that no other man may
be richer than yourfelf. J?«/ what pleafure is it for
you, anxious to depofit an immenfe weight of filver
and gold in the earth dug up by flealth, to hide it f

A 4 But

( 8 )

QjAod ii comminuas, vilem redigatur ad affem,
Ac, ntid fit, quid habet pulchri conflni£);u8 aeervus ?
Millia frumenti tua triverit area centum ; 45

Non tuus hoc capiet venter plus quam meus : ut fi
Reticulum panis venales inter onufto
Forte vehas humero ; nihilO plus accipias quam
Qui nihil portarit. vel die, quid referat intra
Naturx fines viventi, ^A^jugera centum, an £o

Milie aret ? at fuave ed ex magno tollere acervo.
Dum ex parvo nobis tantundem haurire relinquas,
Cur tua plus iaudes ciAneris granaria nofiris ?
Ut, tibi fi fit opus liquidi non amplius urna,
, Velcyatho; et dicas, Magno de flumine ipalim J5

Suam ex hoc fbnticulo tantundem fumere. eo fit
enior ut fi quos delediet copia judo,
Cum ripa fimul avulfos ferat Aufidus acer.
At qui taatuli eget, quanto eft opus, is neque Kino
' Turbatam haurit aquam, neque vitam amittit in un-
dis. 60

At bona pars hominum decepta cupidine falfo,
Nil iatis eft, inqutt : quia tanti, quahtum habeas, fit*
Q^id facias illi r jubeas mlferum efle, libenter (h)
Quatinus id iacit. ut quidam mcmoratur Athenis
Sordidus ac dives, popuii contemnere voces 6 c

Sic foiitus : populus me fibilat ; at mihi plaudo "^

Ipfe domi, fimul ac nummos contemplor in area.
Tantalus a labris fitiens fugientia captat
Flumina — quid rides ? mutato nomine, de te
Fabula narratun congeftis undique faccis .70

Indormis inhians, et tanquam parcere facris
Cogeris, aut pi6tis tanquam gaudere tabellis.
Nefcis quo valeat nummus, quern pnebeat ufum?

(aj Viveni|s« Cumi^ \hi\ Jubeas mifiBrum eflc Ub^ter* B^niL ■

Pania

( 9 )

But if you fhould leflen it, it may be reduced in time

40 a paltry farthing.

But, unlefs that be the cafe, what beauty has an ac«
cumulated hoard? Tho' your thrafhing-floor fhoultf
yield an hundred thoufana bufhels of corni your belly
will not on that account contain more than mine : juil
as ,if it was your lot to carry on your loaded fhoulder
the baiket of bread amongil ilaveS| you would receive
no vaoxtforyour cnvnjhare^ than he who bore no part
of the burthen. Or tell me, what it is to the purpbfc
of that man, who lives within thecompafs of nature,
whether he plow an hiindi^ed or a thoufa^ acres ?
^' JBut it is'uill delightfiil to take out of agreathoand.
Wbije you leave us as much to take out of a mode-
rate ^<7rf, why fhould you extol your great granaries,
more than our fmail repofitoiies? As if you had oc-
cafion for no more than a pitcher or glafs of water ;
and ftiould fay, I liad rather drawyi «^/c^ from a great
river, than the fame water from this little. fountain,

. Hence it comes, that the rapid Aufidiis carries away
together with the bank, fuch as an abundance more
copious than is jufl: delights. But he who defircs
only{o much a^ is fufficient, neither drinks -6/j water
fouled w]th mud, nor lofes his life in the waves. But
a great majority of mankind, mifled by depraved de-
fire, cry, No fum is enough ; becaufeyou areelleem-
ed in proportion to what you poflefs. Wiiat can one do
to fuch a tribe as this ? JVhy^ bid them be wretched, fince
their inclination prompts, them to it. As a certain
perfon is recorded to ha^ve lived at Athens, covetous
and rich, who was wont to defpife the talk of the peo-
ple in this manner ; The croud Lifs me aWoad; but I
applaud myfelf at home, as foon as 1 contemplate 4)iy
money in my cheft. The thirily Tantalus catches at
the ftreams that elude his lips. Why do you laugh }
The name changed, the tale is told of you. Yow
fleep upon' your bags, heaped up on eveiy fide, avidi-
oujly gaping over them, and are obliged to abftain from
them, as if they werAonfecrated things, or to amuic
yourfelf with them, as you would with pictures. Are
you ignoraat of what real value money is, what uie it

A 5 ^ can-

( Id ) .

• » •

Panif cmatur, olus, vini firtcttirias ; addej, ^

Qyeis humana fibi dgkat natura ncgatls. * '.* .,7^'
An vJgilarcmctu exailtmem, ticxielc^^uc dicfque *
rormrdarc iiifllos furis/ iifeeAdia, (ervqs, /

Nctccompilerit ^iehtes; tecjfuVat? horjurn' ;

Semper ego optarim pauper'rirtttls etle bonorumr
At fi conooluit tcntatutA fri gore Corpus, , '8q

Aut alius cafus IcGto te [aj affixil j habes qui
Affideat, fomenta parct, Tnedicum roget, ut'tc. . '
Sufcitcr, ar reddat gnatis caTifqu* propinquis ?
Non uxor falvutn tc vult, hOn filius ; onrnes .
Vicini odctunt, noti, pueri, aique pwellac, ; , 85
Miraris, cum tu argento poft omnia porias, ' ,
Si nemo praeftcr, quern non merearis, amorem ? J
Atqui f^) cognatos nullo natura labore
Quos tibi dat, relinere velis, fervareque amicos ;
Infelix operam perdas : ut (i quis afellam 90

In campo doceat parentera currere frenis. ....
I>enique fit finis quaerendi : cumque habeas plu%
Paupericm metuas minus ; et finire latorcm . '. .
Incipias, parto quod avrbias : net faciaS quod
Umidius quidam {c) (non longa eft fabula) dives 95
Ut metiretur nummqs, ita fordidus, ut fe
Non unquam fervo melius veftirel ; ad ufquc
Suprcmum teropus, ne fe penuria viftus
Oppriraeret, mctuebat : at hunc liberla fecuri
Divifit medium, fortiflimaTyndaridarum. lOO

'{a) LeAote afflixit. ' {I) Ail fi cogrfalos. (.) Utnidru?,

Quid

( II )

can afford ? Breads herbs, a * bottle of wine, may be
purchafed ^vitb it ; to which necejjhries ^dA fuch others
as bein^ with-held, human nature would be* uneafy
with itfelf. What, to watch, half dead with terror,
night and day, to dread profligate thieves, fire, Mnd
your AavQS, left they (hould run away and plunder you ;
is this delightful ? As for me^ I (hould always wiih to
be very poor in pofleflions held upon thefe terms.

Biit if your body ihould be difordered by being feiz-*
ed with a cold, or any other cafiialty iliould confine
you to your bed ; you have one that will abide by you,
prepare medicines, intreat the phyfician that he would
raife you tp your feet, and reftore you to your childreu
and dear relations.

Nor your wife, nor your fon, defires your recovery ;
all your neighbours, acquaintance, nay the very boya
and girls, hate you. And do you wonder, that no one
tenders you the afFedion, which you by no means me-
rit, fince you prefer your money to every thing elfe ?
But if you think to retain, aud preferve for your
friends, the relations which nature gives you, without
taking any pains ; wretch that you are, you lofe your
labour equally, as if any one'^fhould train an afs to be
obedient to the rein, andvwxi in the Campus Martins.
At laft, let there be forae end to your fearching after
riches : and iinpe you have more than enough^ be in lefs
<lread of poverty ; and begin to ceafe from your toil,
that being acquired which you coveted : nor do as did
one Umidius; *tis* no tedious ftory, who was fo rich he
meafured his money, hut fo fordid that he never cloath-
ed hinifelf any better than a flave \ and^ even to his
laft moments, was in dread left want of bread fliould
ftarve him : but his freed-woman, the f braveft of all
the daughters of Tyndarus, cut him in two wiih a
hatchet.

• Sextan us,, ivh'tch is here rendered a hottky-tvas about a ph.t iv-d
halfortr pieafunc.

f Helen and Clytemncftra, the c aaghfcrs of Tynd^nzSy kii/td their
husbands y -Deiphobus and Agamemnon , luitb this •weapon,

A 6 What

( " >

Quid mi igitur fuades ? ut vivam Msenius ? aut ftc
Ut Nomcntanus ? Tergis pugnantia ft cum
Froritibus adverfis componere. non ego avarum
Cum veto ic fieri, vappam juheo ac ncbuloncm.
£11 inter Tanaimquiddam, foccrumque Vifelli ; lo^
£(l modus in rebu» ; funt ccjrti denique fines,
Quoi ultra citraquc nequit confifteic redum,

Illuc, unde abii, redeo. nemon* ut avarus
Se probet, ac polius laudct diver fa fequentes ? .
Quodque aliena capella gerat diftentius uber lio
Tabefcat ? ncque fc (a) major i paupe riorum
Turbar comparet ? hunc atque hunc fupcrarc laboret ?
, Sic feftinanti femper locupletior obilat :
Ut cuoFj carccribus mifiTos rapit ungula currus ;
Iriflat cquis aurigafu6s vincentibus, ilium 115,

Prseteritum temncns extremos inter euntera,
Inde fit, ut raro, qui fe vixiffe beatum
Dicat, et exaftd contentus tempore, viia
Cedat, uli conviva fatur, rcperirc queamus*

Jam fetiseft : ne me Crifpini fcriniaLippi tzo
CompilafTc putes, verbum non ampfius aadam.

' {a) Ncque fe meliorl.

SATYRA

( 13 )

What therefore do you perfuade me to ? That I
lliould lead the life of a * Maeoius ? Or in fuch a man-
ner as a Nomentanus ?

You are going n^u to make things tally, that are
coBtradidtory in their natures. When I bid vou not be
a mifer, I do not order you to become a ipondthrift
and a prodigal. There is fome difference, fure^ be-
tween the cafe of f Tanais and l^is fon-inlaw Vifellius :
there is a mean in all things; finally there are certain
l>oundaries, on. either frde of which jnoral redtitude
cannot exift. But\ return now from' whence I di--
grell^d. Can no one, after the mifer's example, like',
nis own fiation, but muil rather praife thofe who have
different purfuits ? And pine becaufe his neighbour's
(he-goat bears a morediUended iidder? Norconfider
hirofelf in relation to the greater* multitude of poor ?
But labour to furpai^, firji one, and then another ?
Thus the richer man is always an obftacle to one that
is hailening to ht rich : as when the courfer whirls
along the chariot, difmifled from the place of flarting,
the charioteer pufhes at thofe horfes that outftrip his-
own, defpiiing him that is left behind coming on
amongft: the laft. Hence it is, that we rarely find a
man, who can trnfijf fay he has lived happy, and con^^
tent wi^h his' pail life, can retire from the world, like
a fatisfied guefl. But i\}hat r^vefaid at prefent is fuf-
£cient : nor will I add oiie wor^more, lefl you (houkl
fufpedt that I have plundered the fqrutore of the blear-
eyed J Crifpinus.

* Maenius and Nomentanus, two infamous prodivah.
» -I" Tanais aud Vifellius, tivo ferfom labouring under dlfordeys of
'very opfojite natures,

\ Avokmhiomjcribkr*

SATIRE

( 14 )

S A T y R .A 11.

J . -

i -

ImfrahoSy dumvitia quadam dfclindnt^ in contrmria in*

cidere*

\

AMbubaiaruin collegia, }>h0rmacopol«9 .
Mfndi<^i> tnimse, balatrones ; hqc-gcmisomoe.
Moeft:um ac iblicitum eft cantoris m^rte Tjgelii :. '^
Qiiippe benigniis erat. contra bic, ne.ptrodigus elTe
Dicatuf, metuens, inopi dase ndit amico, j

Frigus quo duramqiie ramem depellere poffit. •
HuDC fi perconteris, avi cur atque parentis
Prseclarann in grata flringat malus ingluvte remi
Omnia copduclis coemeos obfonia nummis %
SordiduSy atque animi quod parvi nolit hftberi, -, id
Refpondet : laudatur ab his^ culpatur ab iiii3.
Fufidius vappae famam timet ac Debulonis,
Dives agris, dives podtis in fen ore nunamis*
Qiiinas hie capiti mercedes exfecat ; atque
Quanto perditior quifqueeft, tanto acrius urget : 15
Nomina fectatur, modp. furota vcfte virili
Sub patribus duris, tironum. maximei qufs non,
Jupiter, exclamat, iimul atque audivit ? At in fe
Fro qnaef^u fumlum facit. Hie ? vix credere ppiSs
Quam fibi non fit, amicus : ita ut pater ille, Terenti
Fabula quem mifenim gnato vixiiTe fugato 2 1

Inducit, non fe pejus cruciaverit atque hie, ^
Si quis nunc quserat, Quo res hsec pertinet ? illuc r
Dum vitant iiulti vitia, in contraria currunt. . <

Malthifius tunicis demiffis ambulat; eil qui 25

Jngueix

V V >

e. ^'> t , i •

' S'A'TI RE II.

Sad men^ when^ibty d^^i^ ^jain Afices^ fall inif fJkJf^

THE tnti^9 of jiiiiDftirelfi4 .quacks^ ftroUen, mu
mica, blacl^guards } ail tins fet k fbrrowftil and
dejedted op ac-couiit^of tHitr death of the fioger Tigellius %
ibr he was.libefal tvwmrds them. On the other. hand,.
thU man, dreading to be-cadledA fpendduift, won!t
give a poor friend even wherewithal to keep off cold
and pinching huager. .{^Kiifiyouafic* hit^i wh^ ^he
wickedly coafumes the nobk.eftatfe ofiiis grand^chei*
and father ip taflelefs ^uttonyv buying with borrowed
money ait forts of dainties ; he anfwers, becauie he is

. unwilling to be reckoned fordid, or 4t> man of a mean
fpirit : for this he is pratfed by fome, and condennned
by o^rs; Fuiidius, wealthy iaJand, wealthy in
money put out atiat-ereft, is afraid of having thechd*
^a6ter of a rake and fpeadthfift. T)mfelltR.\} dedu^s ^.

fer cent, intereil; from the. pnocipaltf/ the time ofUnJl
ing ; and the more defperate in his circumftances any
one is, the nK>re fevetvly he pinches him : he hunts out
the names of young fellows that have jull put on the
* toga virilis under rigid fathers* Whodocs notcry our^ '
O.fovereign Jupiter ! whonhehasbeardofy2rci6A7UFz;£?rvf»
But yovUlfay^perhapSf^ this man expends uponhimfelf
in proportion tb hfs imntenfie gain. What)\t}' You can
hardly believe how little a friend he is to himfelf : in-*
fomuph as th^t f father, whom Terence's comedy ia«

' troduce9 as living miferable after he had caufed his fon
to run away from him, did not torment himfelf worfe
than he. No^y, if any one {hOQld a&, to wh^tpurpops
does this matter tend ? I anpiver to this ; namely^ while
fools (hun one fort of \\ctSy they fall upon their oppo-
fite extremes. Malthinus walks with his garments
trailing upon the ground ; there is another droU fellow

* The Roman youths put on the toga virili^ or matily gci^i, at
about feventf en,

-f Menedemus, In the HciHitontimonuncnos»

who

< »6 )

Inguen ad obfcoenum fubdu^lis ufque facetus :
Paflillos Rufillus oiet, Oor£onius^i|^um.
Nil medium eft. funt qui noTint tetfgiile, nifi illasi
Quarum fubfuta talcs te^. infiitavefte.;:-
Conlra, alius nuUam, nifiolenti iafornice ftantem.
Quidam notus homo cum exiret fornice ; Ma6te 3 1
Virtute efto, icquit fditentia dia Catortis.
Nam fimul ac venas inflavit tetra (a) libido ;
Hue juvenes aequum eft defcendere, non alienas
Permolere uxores. Nolrmiatidaiier, inqilit/ 35

Sic roe, mirator cunni Cupiennius aibi.

Audire eft operac prccium,^proccdepe re6be
Qui mcechis non vultis, ut omni parte laborenti
Utque illis multo cbrrupta dofore voluptas,
Atqiie hsbc rara,. cadat dura inter facpe pericla. 40
Hie fe prxcipitem te£to dedit : ilie flagellis
Ad mortem caeius : f fugiens hie decidit acrem
Pradonum in turbam : dedit hie pro corpore numinos:
Hunc perminxerunt calones : qtiin etiaro iUud •
Accidity utcuidam tefleg caudamqu6 ialacettt * 45
D^meteret ferrumJ jure* omnes : Galba neg^bat.

Tutior at quanto merx^eft in claffefecunda J
Libertinarum dice : SallufHus in cmtus
Non minus infanit quam qui raoechatur. -^t hie fi
Qua res, qua ratio fuaderet^ quoqite modefte-. 50

Munifico efTe licet, vellct bonus atque benigous
EiTe ; daret quantum fatis cffet, nete fibi damno
Dedecorique foret. veirum hoc fe ample6Htur imo ;
Hoc a mat, et laudat : matrooam nuUam ego tango.

> ,. .

(a) Tenw. ^ft^n, ' < ••

N • \,.

Ut

( 17 )
who goes with them tucked up even to his middle :
RufilTus fmelis like perfume itfeify ^ut Gorgonius like'
a he -goat* In fine j xYitrti^ no mtan ohferved. There,
are fomc who would not for the world keep company
with a lady, unlefs her modcft garment perfeiStly con-
ceal her feet. * Another, again, will only have fuch
as take their fiation in a fiinking brothel. When a
certain noted fpark came out of a baudy-houfe ; the
divine Cato greeted him with this fentence, Prdcecd
(fays he) in your virtuous courfe. For when once foul
lufthas inflamecl the veins, 'tis right for young fellows
to come hither, in coraparifon of their having to do-
with other mens wives. I fliould not be willing to be
con^mended on fuch term8,^fays Cupiennius, an ad-
mirev of the filken veil.

Ye that do not wi(h well to the proceeding of adul«
terers, it is worth your while to attend how they are
hampered on all fides ; and that their pleafure, which
happens to them but feldom, is interrupted with a
great deal of pain, and often ia the midil of very^great
dangers. One has thrown himfelf headlong from Che
top of a houfe : another has been whipt almofl to
death : a third, in his flight has fallen into a mercileft
gang of thieves : another has paid a fine, to avoid cor-'
poral punilhment : the loweit fervants have treated
another with ths vilefl; indignities. Moreover, this
misfortune happened to a certain perfon, he entirely
k>fl his manhood. Every body faid it was with jufiice : \
hut Galba denied it.

But how much fafer is the traffic, amongft women o{^
the fecond rate ! I mean the freed won^en : after
which Salluflius is not lefs mad, than he who commits
adultery. But if he had a mind to be good and gene*
rous to them^ as far on^ as his eflate and reafon wi)uld
'dire6t him, and as far as man might be liberal with
moderation ; he would give a fufficiency, not what
would bring upoti himfelf at once ruin and infamy.
However he hugs himfelf in thi^.one confideration ;
this he delights in, this he extols : I meddle with no

* Horatium ia^uibufdam noUm interpretari* ^ilntiUan^

. matron.

( i8 ) _

Utquon(bm Marfxiis amator Originis ; illc, 55

Qui patrium mimae donat fundumque laremquc.
Nil fuerit mi inquit, cum uxoribus unquam alienis.
Vcrumeft cum mimis, eft cum meretricibus : unde
Fama malum gravius, quam res, trahit. an tibi abunde
Perfonam facis eft, non illud, quidquid ubique 60
Officit, evitare ? bonam deperdere famam.
Rem patris oblimare, malum eft ubicunquc. quid iQtcr,
Eft in marrona, ancilla, peccefve togata ?

' Villius in Faufta Sullae geher (hoc mifer una
Nomine deceptus) psenas dedit ufque fuperque 65
Quam fatiseft, pugnis caefus, ferroque petitus,
£xcl\iftis fore ; ctwi Longarenus foret intus.
Huic fi, mutonis verbis, mala tanta {a) videnti
Diceret hsc animus : quid vis tibi ? nunquid ego a te
Magno prognatum depofco confule cunnum, * 70
Velatumque ftola, mea cum conferbuit ira ?
Quid refponderet ? Magno patre nata puella eft.
At quanto meliora monet, pugnantiaque iftis
Dives opis natura fuse ! tu fi modo re6te
Dif^nfare velis, ac non fugienda petendis 75

Iftimifcere. tuo vitioi rerumne labores,
Nii referreputas ? qua re, ne poeniteat'te^
Define tnatronas feAarier : unde laboris
plus haui'ire mali eft, qnam ex re decerpcre fruftus.
Ncc magi& huic inter niveos viridefque lapillos . 80
(Sic licet h6c, Cerinthe, tuum) tenerum eft femurs

aut crus
Re6Hus ; atque etidm melius perTxpe toga tee.
Adde hiicy quod mercem fine fuels geftat) apcrte

{p) Mala taata vidc&tis.

Q^od

( 19 )

matron. Juft as Marfeu^, tire lover of the courtezan,
Origo ; he who gives liis paternal e(bte and feat to an
aftfefs, and^htu fays, 1 never had any thing to do witK
other mcnswiv^j. Bitytni have with adrefles, you
have with common ftrimpcts : from whence your re-
putation derives a greater perdition than your eftate.
What, is it abundantly futficient to avoid the perfon
merefy^ znd not that vice which is univerfaHy noxious ?
To (ofe one's good namr, to fquander a father's ef-
fe£b, is in cvety rci^jcd an evih , What is the diflfe-
rence, t/je^t^ ^th regard to your/elf^ whether you fin
with the peifon of a matron, a maiden, or a profti-
tute?

Villius, the fon-in-law of Sylla, (for it was by this
title he was milled) fufferedyj;r bis commerce with Faufl;^
an adequate, and more than adequate punifhment,
by being dri^bed and iflabbed, while he was ihut out^
that theyri^ttif^fY/ Longarenus might enjoy lier within.
Svfpofe ^Ct)^l^^yointg■man% mind had addrelfed him in the
words of his appetite, fenfible of fuch evil confe-
qnehces : What would you have ? Did I evef , when
my ardour was at iliehigbeft, demand a wt^man de^
fcended from a great conful, and covered with robes of
quality ? What could he anfwer to this f Why^ the
girt was fpmng from an iHuftriou^ father. But how
much better things, and how different from this^
does nature, abounding in ilores of her own, recom-
mend ! if you would only make a proper ufe of theni,
and not confound what is to be avoided, with that
which is defirable* Do you think it is of no confe*
quence, whether your diihefs arifes from your own
fault, or from a real deficiency of things ? Wherefore,
that you may not repent \v/jen it is too latCy put a ftop
to your purfuit after matrons : from whence more
trouble is derived, than you can obtain enjoyment,
ev,^ from the accomplifhinent of the affair. Nor has
thfs particular matron^ amidft her pearls and emeralds^
a fofter breaft, or limbs more delicate, (tho* this be^
notion of your's, Cerinthus,) than a courtezan ; nay,
the proftitutes are frequentlv preferable in thefe refpeHs.
Add to this, that the projtitute bears about her mer*

chandife

1

( 20 )

Qiiod venale habet, . ofiendit ; nec^ 11 quid honeflieft,

Ja£tat, habetque palam, quaerit quo turpia celet. -85

Hegibus hie mos eft ; ubi equos mercantur, apertos

Infpiciunt : ne, fi facies (ut fsepe) decora,

Molli fulta pede efty emtorem mducat (4) hiantem.

Quod pulchrae clune^, breve quod caput, ardua cervix.

Hoc illi redte. ne corporis optima lynceis 90

Contemplere oculis ; Hypfsea caecior, ilia

Qiise mala,funt, fpe^s. O cms, O brachia Verum

Depygis,-' nafuta, brevi latere, ac pede iongo eft.

Matronae, prseter fadem, nil cernere poffis,

Caetera, ni Catia eft, demiiTa vefte tegentis. . . 9^

Si interdi6la petes, vallo circumdata, (nam te

Hoc facit infaaum^ roultie- tibi turn, officient res :

Cuftodes, le6lica, ciniilones, parafitae,

Ad talos ftola demiiTa, et circumcf^ta palla :

Flurima, quae itivideant pure apparerc tiU retn. ipo

Altera nil obilat : Cois tibi pene videre eft ^

Ut nudam ; ne crure malo, ne fit pede turpi : ^ • .

Metiri poftis oculo latijs. an tiblmavii^ ,-, '. ^

Ipfidia's fieri, preciiunque avelJier, aote.

Quam meicem oftendi r Leporemvenatorutulta zo$

(«} Pucat. BtnsL

* u *

Ifi'

» • « V

. ( al ) ,

chandtfe mthoutany varniih, andopetAy ihews what
Ihe' hits to difpofe of ; nor, if (he has ought moit
cornel/ than ordinary, does fbt boaft and make an
oilentation of it, while flie is induflrioua to conceal
that which is ofien(ive« This is the cuftpm with men
of fortune'; when they buy horfes, they infpedt theha
uncovered : that if a beautiful fore-hand (as it often
happens) be fupported by a tender hoof, it niay not
take in the buyer, eager for the bargain, becaufe the
back is handfome, the head little, and the neck ftately«
This they do judicioufly* Do you, tberefore^ in the
fame manner contemplate the perfections of each fairr
0ne*s p^rfon with the eyes of * Lynceus : But be blinder
than f Hypfxa, when you furvey fuch parts as are de-
foFOied. j^u may cry cut^ O what a handfome le^ ! O
what delicate arms ? but you muji ft^refs that ihe is
kwr-hipM,' fhort-waifted, with a lo«g nofe, and a
iplay ft)0t. A man can fee nothing biit ike face, of a
matron, who carefully conceals her other charms, un*
lefs it be a Catia. But if you will feek zSttr forhidden
charms ,-(for the circumfiance of their being forlidden
makes you mad after them), furrounded as they are
with a lorttfication, many obftacles will then be in your
way; fuch as guso^ians,' the fedan, dreflers, para*
fites, the long robe hanging down to the ancles, and
covcfred with an upper garment : inJbort\ there iviU he
a . multiplicity' of circumftanoes, which will hinder
you from having a feir view. The J other throws no
obftacleft in your way : thro* the Hlken veft you may
difcern her almoft at well as if ihe was naked ; that ihe
have, neither a bad leg, nor a diiagreeable foot, you
may furvey her perfe&y with your eye. Or would
you chufe to' have a trick put upon you, and your mo-
ney extorted, before the goods are ihewn you ? But
ferhi^t you'll Jing to me tbefe verfes out of CaUimachus^
As tne huntunan purfues the hare in the deep fnow,

♦ ' One of the Areonauts, fojharp-^btedf that he wasfahkd to fee
at the ilftance of one hundred and thirty miles*

f ^leufy of the VXvxxsaoifamify remarkable Jof bad eyeS'— or perhaps
iiyiidicious in the choice of her lovers*

J The courte%a*f*

but

( aa )

tn nive feiftati^^, pa&tum fie tan^^ nolit :.
.Cantat, etap|M)mt': jpeusf^ alitor liiycJiigpiH^j iwm

Trapfvolat i^m^dia ^o^ta, i§t ftjgi^ntia os^ptftu

Hifp^ncTerfic^lis fp^fajSj tibi.pp.ffe.<iokjre?, ::'•"' : >
Alrtiuc aeftw,' C»^afqv^^ravp8, f^pe^orc (4) prili? ijio
Noane, cupMintbus (^). flati|a| aat^ra aiodum quem^
Quid iatura, iibi quid fit doUtura negatum,
Quser^re plus prodeft, et inane abfcindere foldo ?
Num, tibicun? fauces urit fitis, aurea oucieris -
PoGula? a^me^u^iena fa;(lidi8 .omnia pr^t^r ,■ n ..iif J
Pavcmem, rhoiabvroqu^e ? tjimcnt tibi (?tt^ iflguirtsi,
num, fi^ ....

Ancilia, ^ut vernaeft prsefiopuer^ impetus ia -quern
Continuo fiat, nialis tentigifie jr\}i7>pi ? .
Non ego : n^ojqye^ ^arafeilem amp. X^ner«m feeilem^

•que. • . -" ..-••■••'

lUana : paftipau^ fed pjjunaj, fi:f*writ Y^r^f '<■' --fj«d
pa(Uis : banc, P^ilod^nauf ^x^r&^U q^ae'peque^^giv^
$Xef pfegipi neque p^pftetu^, r^m eil juflTa, venifc. i
CaAdida rie^aque $C, naiinda.ha^nus^ ut AcqvelpQg^
Nee magis alba velit, qu^m det Datura, videri. ^

H«c.ubi ibppoj[uiit .de}(tro /Qo^pus miki laevuai) 14$
Ilia ct JE^ria ©ft : do noojf^nqfjpdljbiBf.Uli.., . . ^
Nee vereor^ a^, .dum fiit^o, vir rure>reGu^j*at ;

Pulfa dqnjujs ^ftf^vtu rg<o4^t?o(f')r?f^ pjatljdalqdfe.co
Defdia* mu)i^ ; Ti>ifcEaxOrfepd9f<pi^ qlaroet ; : f .,13a
Cniribushspc*ipetu3t,'ddti4?pt^itfa, cg4i|?iet<^^ r ♦

■ ' r ■ .•'• • '^ . ;■ .

pallida lecljQvy . 1 ' ,

ir .

•I, •»sf/' ' ■ ■ f 1

' r

vili

Di&

,T

( »3 )

but difdains to touch it when it is placied before him.
Thus fings the rake, and applies it to himfelf : my love
is like to t;his, for it paffes over %\)ith contempt an eafy
prey, and purfues what dies from it. But do you
hope that grief, and uneafinefs, and bitter anxieties^
will be expelldd from your breaft by fuch verfes as
thefe ? Would it not be more profitable to enquire
what boundary liature has affixed to the appetites,
namely^ what (he can patiently do without, and what
fhe would lament. the deprivation of, and ky .thU jneani
feparate what is folid ifrom what is vain ? What5|
when thirfl parches your jaws, are you folicirous for
golden cups to drink out of? What ! when you are
hungry, do you defpife every thing but peacock an4
turl^t ? And when your parnons are inflamed, and i
common gratification is at hand, would you rather be
confumed with defire, than polTefs it ? Ifyouwculdp
I would not : fqr I love fuch pleafuits as are of eal^
attainment. But Ihe whofe language is, *' by and by,''^
•< but for a fmall matter more, *' if my hulban^
(hould be out of the way," is <»»^ for petites maitres j
and' for himfelf, Philodemus fays he chufes her, who
neither fbands fo;- a great price, nor delays to come
when (he is ordered. - Let her be fair, and ilraight, ancj
fo far decent as not to appear deiirous of feemin|j
fiiirer than naturfe has made her. When I Jam in ti^
company 6f ftfch znontj/^she^ fhe is toy iKa and
Egeria : injbort^ I give her any tender name. Nor am
I apprehenfive,' while I am in her company, left her
hufband (hould return from the country ; the door
fhould be broke open ; the dog (hould bark ; the houfe
fhaken (hould refound on all fides with a great noife ;
left the woman, pale ^itbfear^ fhould lM)und away
from me : lefi the maid,.confcious of guilty (hould cry
out, (he 13 undone : left (he (hould be m apprehenfion.
for her limbs, the dete£led w^e for her portion, and! for
myfelf : left i muft run away with my eloaths all loofe,

and

( ^4 ) r

Difcinfta tunica fugiendutn eft, ac pede hudo ;
Ne nummi pereant, aut pyga, aut denique fama.
Deprendi miferum cH ; Fabio vel judicevincaix).

S A T Y R A III,

Jn amic^rum vitiis connivendem^ mcqui peccaia omnia in

fctkrutn numero pontnda. ^

OMnibus hoa vitium eft cantoribus^ inter, amicos
Ut nunquam ioducant anixnum cant»re rogati ;
Jnjufli nunquam defiftant. S^ardua habebat
Ille Tigqllius boc. Caefar, qui cogere pofTfet, .
3i peteret per alnicitiam patns» atque fuatn, non 5
JJuWquam proficeret : fi collibuiiTet, ab o.vo .
Ufque ad mala (a) citaret, Jo Baccbe, modofumma
V(XiC, xnodo hac, rcfonat quae chordis qjuatuor ima«
Nil asquale bpmini fuit illi : faepe vclut qui
purrebat fugien$ hoflem : perfaepe velut qui 10

Junon(s facra ferret : habebat (b) faepe ducentos,
Sspe decern fervos : modo reges atque tetrarchas.
Omnia magna loquens; modo ; fitmihi menfa tripeSj

ct ^ . . . '

Concha fali$ pun, ct toga, quae deTehderc ffigus,
Quamvis craua, queat, decies centena, dedifles 25
J^uic-parcQ, p^ucis contento; quihqu^.dicbus"

(a) Iteraret, lo Bacchc. . (A) Alcbat. BcntL

Nil

\

( 25 )
and bare*footedy for fear my money, or my perfon, or^
iinaliv, my chara^er, (hbuld be demolilhed. It is a
dreadful thing to be catched : I could prove this, even

if^Fabiuswas the judge.

S A T I R E m.

We ought t9 ccnni*ue at iife faults of our friends^ mid sK
fau^s an not to he ramked in the <!atalpgue of crimu*

f * • •. ••

THIS b a fault cooimon to all fingers^ that a*
mongil their ft*iends they never are inclined to
fing when they are aiked, hkt unreq^uefted they never
defift. Ttg^lliu9» that,^^r of Sardinia, had thia
fituU. Had CsQfari who could have forced hifp^ to
compliance, befo\^t him on accoiu>t of his father'^
friendihip, and his owfl^ he^ w.oiiid have had no fuc*
ce& I hut if he bfmfiy^ vt^iSk difpofed tofing^ he wpuj^
chant f r lo Baccho over and over, from the.^ beginning
of an ^t^ftaiament to the veiy copclulion of it ; one
while at the higheft pitch of his voice, a t. another jtim
with that which anfwers to the deepeil firing of the
tetrachord. There was nothing uniform in that fel-
low : frequently .wouM he run. along, as one flying
from an enemy ; m(^r^ frequently bevjoihd as if he
^ore inprocejton the {acrifice of Juno: be had often
two hundred ilaves, and often but ten : Qne while
talking of ki4gs and potentates, and every thing that
was magniiicfnt i at .another, ^' Let me have only 9,
*^ three-legged table, and. a feller of clean ialt, and m
<* gown* which, tbo' coarfe, may be fufficient to keep
^* out the bold/' Had you gi^p ten hundred thou-
fand fefierces to this moderate man, who was content
sviA fuch iijaaU matters, in five days time there would

"* jfn eminent lawyer, who had himfeif bfen deteSed in a frolic of
this nature,

+ ^he two initial words of fame drinking fonj^^ from which the nuhoU
took its affiliation,

^ From the egg to the apple, thefomur of which wasferved itp at
the openings the latter at the condujion ofthefeaf.

Vol. II. B' be

iS'rl erat 11} loculis, no£les vigilabat adipfum
^Ifijie; dlcm.tptutn ilertebal. pil fuit unquam
Sic impaj/>bi. iiunc a^l^^iuis dicat mlhi. Quid tu?
Nuilane habes vitia ? Itno alia, tiCaj fortaile luinpra,

Maenius abfcntetp Novlum cum carptrret : heustu^
Quidam ait, ignoras te ? an ut ienotum dare nobis 22
Verba put as ? Egomct mi ignolco, Macnius inquit.
Slu^tul et iifiprobus hie amor eft/ dignufque notari.
Cum tua fbj praevideas^oculis mala lippus mun6bis \
Cur in amicorum vitiis tamcemis acutum, ik

Qudn^'aut aquila, aut ferpcns Epidaurius? at tlKi con*
• tf a

1|venit,' inquiraxlt vitia ut tua nirfu) et tlli.
Ir^rcundror cH: paulo : minus autus acutis
Naribus horum faominum : riaeri poflit, eo qnod 30
Rufticius tonfo toga defluit, et male !axus
In pede calceus hastes, at eft bonus, ut melior vir
^on alius quifquam ; at tibi amicus : at irigenium iiigens
Inculto laiet hoc fub corpore. denique* teipfuln;
Concute, num qua tibi vitiorum infeverit olim 3^
Natura, aut ettam confuetudo mala« namque
Negle&is urenda^ filix innafcitur agris«

Illuc pracvertamur. amatorem quod amicse
Turpia decipiunt caecum vitia, auC ctiam ipfa haec
Delcftant ; vcluti Balbinum polypus (c) Agnae 40
"V^llcm in amicitia fit erraremui, et ifti
Errori nomcn virtus poTuiflet honeftum*
'A'f ^ l^aier ut gnat%> fie nos debemus, amict .
'"Si quid fit vitium, non faftidire. ftrabonem
*Appellat pactum pater; et puUum, male parvus 4^
" Si cui filius eft ; ut aboitivus fuitolim

(ay fiaad fortaflc minora* • (b) Pi«leiti9| ^wai, - fcj Polypus
Hag^x.

V ' Sifyphus :

( ^7 )

be nothing in his bags. He fat up at nights e<ven' t%
day-light : hefmoredout allfhc Avy. Never was there
anything fo inconfiftent with itfelf. Now fonae perfon
way fay to me, What are you ? Have you no taults ?
But they are others , and perhaps of a lefs culpable na-
ture.

When Msenius railed at Norius in his abfence :
Hark ye, fays a certain perfon* are you ignorant of your
tiwn charailer T Or do you think to impofe youifclf
upon us as a perfon we do not know ? As for me, I for*
give myfelf, quoth Maenius. This is a foolifh and
impious /ef/Aove^ and worthy to be' ffigmatized-
When you look over your own vices, winking *twr^«/^
at them, as it were, with fore eyes ; why are you with
regard t6 thofe of your friends as fliarp-fighted as an
eagle, Or the Eprdaurian ferpent ? But, on the other
fide of the queftion, it isyourfate^ that your friends
&ouId enquire into your vices' in turn. Jt certain fei-^
/on is a little toohs^ in his tem{)cr : dndnot well cal-
culated 'f4» hear the (hfirp-witted fneers of thefe men':
he inay be made a jeft of, becaufe his gown hangs
aukwardly, he at the fame time being trimmed in a v^iy
ruf^ic manner, and his wide (hoe hardly flicks to his
foot. But he hfo good, that n)} man can be better;
but he is your friend : but an immenfe genius is con-
cealed imder this unpoHfhed perfon of his. Finally, .
lift yourfelf thoroughly, whether nature has originally
fown the feeds of any vices in you, of even an ill ha-
bit has done it. For the fern, fit only to be burned,
over-runs the negleded fields, v

But let us return from our digreffion. As his mif-
trefs's difagreeable failings efcape the blinded lover, or
even thefe give him pleamre ; as Agna's wen does to
Balbinus. I could wifh that we erred in this manner
with regard to ff iendlhip, and that virtue had affixed
a reputable appellation to fuch an error. And at a
father ought not to contemn his fon, if he has an^
defe^, in the fame manner we ought not to cmtemn
our friend. The father calls his fqumting boy, a
pretty leering rogue ; and if afiy man has a little de-

B a ipicable

( 28 )•

^Sifyphus: huncVanioi, diftortis cmribus; illiinpi
Balbutit Scau^um^' prayis fultum m^e talis* . . , ^
Parcius hie vivit ; (rugl (Hcatiir ;. ineptus .
J£t jaflantiur hicpauLocA; conclnnus amicis S!p.

Fo^ulat ut vidcatur : at efl truculentlor atque . : ^^
Plus aequo liber ; fimplex fcrrtHqufe habcatur :
Caidiorell; acres inter cumeretur. opinor,
Hsec reset jungit, junftos et fcrvat amicos. ,

<At nos viriutcs ipfa« invcrtimus, atquq ' 55

Sincer^m cupimus vas incrUflare* probus quis
'Nobifct^m yivit, multum dcmiffus.nomo : faj ilVi
Tardoy cognomen pi^gul damus : Kic fu^t omties ]';
In(idias, nulltque malo Tatus obdit ajp^crtpm i ,

(Cum geaus hoc inter vita ("ij verfctur, ubi acris j5^
Invidia, atque vigent ubi cnmina) pro bene fano
Ac non incauto, n^um aftutumqoc vocaonus*
Simplicipr quis et ed, (qualem me faepe libenter
Obtulcrim tibi, Maecenas) ut forte kgentem
Aut lacitum /^Jimpollat, quo vis fennone mojedus ;
Communi (cnfu plane caret^ inqutmus. eheu . 66
Quam tetnere in nolthet le^em Uncimi^s iniquapi !
Nam vitiis nemo fine naFcitur ', opttmut lUe e^V,
Ouit minimis urgetur. amicus dulcis, ut zquiiqi efti
Cum mca compenfet vitiis bona, pluribus hifce 70
(Si modo plura mihi bona funt) incHnet^ arasiri

•
(nj Homo iJk. {i^J Hoc inter vijfc verfemuri (cj Aut t?-
ckupj. Impcdiac* Birr:/.

Si

. t . f »

i ^ )

fpicable brat, fuch as the abortive * SHyphvs formerly
was, he calls it a fwoet moM)et : this c/j/U with
dillorted iegfr, tJI/e fathtr^ in a; fondling voice, calls
one of the f ¥an ; and ai>other, who is club-footed,
he calls a f Scaurus. Thm^ if this friend of your's
lives more iparingly thaa ordinary, let him be (lyled.
a man of frugality : another is impertinent, and apt to
brag a littje^i he requisres to be reckoned entertaining
to his friends i; but anther \^ too rude, a^d takes
greater liberties than are :fitttng ; lot him be edeemed
a man of finci5rity and bravery : is h^ too £cry ? Let
him be numbered am^ngft perfons of fpirit. This n^»e-
thod, in my opihion, both unites friends, and pre-
ferves them irt a ftate of union. But we invert the
veiy virtues then^efves, and are deflfous of throwing
dirt upon the untainted veffel. If a man of probity
live amon^ft qs^ mid is^ perfon of liagiilar diffidence;
we give4iim f^hrnameof aduU and fat-beaded fellow ;
this man avoids every fnare, and layis bimielf open to
no ill-defighing tnUaln ; (tince we live amidH fuch a
ivickeii race, where keen envy and fl^gittoufnefis are
flouriihing) inftead of a feniible and wary man, w«
call him a difguifed and fubtle fellow. And if any
one is *morc open, ami Itfsf refir^v^ thap ufual, (in
fu^ a degree, as 1 often have prefeoted myielf to you,
Maecenas) fo ai perhaps impertinently to interrupt a
p^i4bn reading, or mufing, with any 1l4ii4 of prate ;
we cry, thH fiilsw a^ually waora commoii ft^ft.
Alas ! how indifcreetly do we ordain a fevere law a*-
gainfl ourielyes. I^or no one n bom withofit vices :
ami he is the beHmafiwho it ineumbered with the
leaft. Wben my dear friend, as is nf m^r^ ikon juO,
weighs vay good qualities -againfl my bad ones ; let
him, if he is willing to be beloved,* turn the fcale to
the majority of the former, (if I have indeed a majo-
rity of good qualities : on this conditiooi he ffaall be

• SaTfihus, the Jm pf M. Antony, th( triumvir^ nvas onJj two
fcttb'tgb,

f The Van and Scauri were very nd>k famllcSy and bad fbtir names
or'iglnaUy from fome of thtje defe&s,

B 3 placed

( 30 )

Si volet ; hac lege, 'in trutina ponetm* eaclpm.
Qui ne tqbenbus propriis offendat amtcuoi
I'oflulat ^ ignofcat verrucis illius. sequum eft .

Peccatis veniam pofcentem, reddere nirfus* -. 7j

Denique, quatenus excidi penitut vitium irs, ;
Cxtera item ncqueunt flultis naerentia ; cur non
Ponderibus modylirque fuis ratio utltur ? air^ res . .
Ut quaeque eft, itaiuppliciis.deU£U coercet ? •
Si quis eurp fcrvum, patinam qui toUerc julTus, 8o
Semttfos pifces tepidumque ligurrierit jus.
In ciiice fufiigat ; Labeone infai^or inter '
Sanos dicatur. quanto hoc furiofius atqae
Majus peccatum eft f paulum deliquit amicus ; ,
Quod nifi conccdas nabeare infuavis, acerbus:. 85
Odiftt, et fugis, ut Drufonem debitor seris ; . ^

Qui nlii, cum triftes mifero yenere Calendsc^
>IerccdciD, aut nummosunde unde e;itncat, amara^)
Porre£^o ju^uloy hiftorias, captivus ut, audif»
CommixixiL ie^um potus, menfave catillmn 90

Evandii roanibus tntum^^^ dejecit. ob banc rem,
Aut pofUutn ante mea quia pollum in parte catini
SuftuUt efuriens, minu& hoc jiicundus amicus
$it mihi ? quid faciam, (t furtum fecerit, ^ut fi
Prodidciit commifta fide, fponfumve negar^t ? 9$
Queis paria effe fere placuit peccata, laborant,
Cum ventuxD a/i verum eft : fenfus morefque repugnant,
Atque ipfa'Utilitas,- jufti propc mater et aequi.

Cum prorepfcrunt primit anlmalia terris,
Mutum et turpe pecus, glandem atque ^ubilia propter
Unguibui et pugnis, dein fuftibus, atque it^ pono loi

« « ^1

iPugna-

( 3» )

placed in the fame balance. He who requires that hi
•friends fhoulrf not take oiFence at his own great prot^d-
berances, fliould excnfe his friend*s ilhle warts. It 'is
iut fair, that he who intreats a pardon for his faulrs,
fhould ie ready, to grant one in his tr^rn. * *

Upon the whole, for as much as the vice an get, as
well as others inherent in weak mortals^ cannot dc to-
tally eradicated ; ' why docs not fjuman reafon make
life of its own juft weights and meafures ? And to
punifh faults as the nature of the thing dcimands'? If
any manr fhbuld punilh' with the crofs a ilave, who,
being ordered ix> take away the dilh, ihould gorge the
half-eaten fifli, and warm fauce ; ifce would anion git
the people in their fenfes be called a niadder man thau
*Labco. Hut how much more an irrational and hei-
nous crime rs this ? Yourfriend/^f'/6df^/has been guilty
of a fmall error; which, imlefs you forgive, yoa
ought tobe reckoned a four, an iil-naturej fellow.:
andyetyQ}x)\2Lle him, and avoid him, as ripndf debtor
does Dnifo;' who, when the* Woeful calends come
upon the unfortunate m^n, utilefs he procures the
principal or capital by hbdk ot b^ crook, is compelled
to hear his fpitefiil' precedents witn bi$ neck ftretchcd
out like a ^^^^i ; pj&uid'fny frlbid \dy\^ ltqu6^ Water
my cotfch,'orhas he thrown down ajar carved by the
hands of Evander ; Ihirll he'fof this trifling isiffair,'or
liecaufe in his' hunger he has taken a chicken before
me cut <^ my part of the di(h, be the lefs a^eeable
friend to roe ? Vfi\ what could 1 do if he was guilty
of theft, or had betrayed things committed to him in
confidence, or brokt his word ? They who are pleafed
to rank all faults nearly on an equality, are gravelled
when they come to the truth of the matter i/oufulknk
and morality are agdinfl them, and utility itfelf, w/jii-b
/i the <z;^ry mother alrooft of right and equity.

When rude animals, they crawled forth upon the
£ril-formed earth, the mute and dirty herd of *em
fought with thetr nails and fids for their acorn and

• Labeo, a ptfuianf, abufive lawyer ^ who did lOi /fare even Au-
guftus htfujUft

B 4 caves.

^ I

( 32 )

Fugnabant armis, quae poft fabricavcrat ufus :
Donee verba, quibus voces fen fufque^notarent,
Nominaque mvenere : <}chiQC abiiflere bcllo,
Opptda CGBperunt munire, et ponere leges, loij

tie quis fur eflet, neu latroy neu quis aaulten
Nam fuit ante Helenam cujinua teterrima belli
Caufa : fed ignotis perierunt mortibus illt,
.Quos, Vencrero inccxtam rapientes, more lerarum,
« Viribus editior caedebat, ut in grege taurus. x lO

Jura inventa metu injufti fateare necefleeft,
Tempora (i fafloique velis invplvere mundL
^ec Natura poleit jufto fecernere iniquum^
Dividit utbona diverfis, fiigienda petendts :
!Nec vincet ratio hoc» tantundem utpeccet, idem^e^
Qui teneros caules alieni fregerit ^aj horti, lUi

£^ qui nd£lurnu$ facra Pivum Itgerit. adfit
Rcgula, peccatis quae poenas irroget aequas :
Ne fcutica dignum borribili ie&ere $ageUo.
Nam ut ferula C2edas meritum majora fubire 1 ?P

Verbcra, npn vcreor ;' cun> dicas cffc pares rc$
.FuTta latrociniis^ el xpagnis parva mineris
Falce recifurum (imili le, fi tibi regnuQi
Permittant homines. fi dives, qui iapfess eft,
£t iiitor bonus, et folus formofuSji et efl rex ; t2R
Cur cmtas quod babes ? Non nofti quifip^ter (inquit)
Ciiryuppus dicat ; lapiens crepfdas fibi nusquaoi ^

Nee

# ♦ , ♦. • <

-(S3-)

ai^p^^^ah^wii (witlb dabe^t «a*4 Unilty with rtgtfhnt
arm^; W^ifib^epcperifqee hfdioi^it tiUthey ^und
Wl w^% a^d: oamca, b^. which ikl^ afeertsified thri^
language iiRdicn£itidnstr.h<mc<rfon9aniithe]ri began to
abuaii3k fram wary to fortify towiH^ind^ftablHli laws,
that no pericin,.a<;Vit^ iMunity^ <might'be« thief, a rob-
ber,- or an a^i^fiercn 'r 6r before H^ieti*9 time, there
^(led mi7«y^'R. wotoanpvniiortiftit.'lh^idi^al caufe of
war; .bu^lhc^fi;/k««^r^rr^«C^b7 U^irfOwt» Kieaths^^
whon}s^^)ftAig?uodtftain'VcMiyv M^tke biiill //^j in
the herd» l^^^ fti;oogsfi fleivi* It ntad pf ftecefBty be
acknowtfdg^d, tlf jou have a mmd to turn over the
agr^ and>{iia9ls qf the worlds itiKit laws were invented
from an ?ppr;ehcnfkui of the natural injudiee 6f man-
kind* Nor can mme nature Separate, what is unjud
from what is juft, in the fame manner as ftie diiftin-
suiflies what is good from its reverfe, and what is to
be avoided from Aat 'f\\\^ \ito bcibiight after : nor
wifl reafon perfuade men to this, tliat he who breaks
dowQ the cabbage fta.lk i>f his neighbour,^ -iiRs in a«
great a meaiure, and in tl^ fame manner, as he who
fleals by night things confecrated to the Gods. \.t^
tUece be a ftandar^l fettled, th^t ipay inilift adequate
pi^iA^q;ient3 upon crim^ : t^il you Ihodd perfecutd
driy ovA with the borribje thoiig^ who is iitfl/^dderving' *
of 9 flight whipping. Foj- 1 am -not jin t^^c leaft appre-
henfive, that you flioi^d qorred witl^ the jrod one that *
deferves to fuff^^ feverer flripes j fince you afTert that
pilfering is an equal crime to an highway robbery, and
threaten that you would. prun« off with an undiflin-
guifliing hook little and great rices, if mankind wa^
tp give you fovereignty ov^r thqin *. If he be; netef*
fariy rich, who is wife* and a good (hoe-'niakeT, and
alone truly handfomiC, and a kiog/»-V thekatgain^ why •
do you wifti?or that which you ar<^ pofleflfed of? You fk*
not underftand what Chryfippus, the father oiyanrfeBl^
{3ys : the wife man never madp himfelf flioe for flip*

♦ The Do3nne of the Stoics, as iKj'laif.ed by Chryfippus, ivas
that a ivife man nuas not only ipfo facto a kin^, but Itkcuije cf aU
tradiSan(iprofeJfions'whatfocver.

B 5 pers :

(34 )

Ji^cc folea& {text v futor t^meh eft fapiens • ' j^^r]; Qdi ?
Ut, quamvU t^cet licmiogenes, cantpt'tamtii atqW^
OptimuaeR modulator : iit Alfeaus vafer, diikii^' j)^
Abjedo inftnimenjto artit, ^ciaafac^u^ Uibcma, - ;. '[-^^
{^J Sutor erat { fapi<ns operis fic^timus oitinis - -
Eft ppifcx, 6c. jfc;i foUifi vcUunt tibi barbam .
Lafcivi pueri ; quos tu nift fufle coerces,
Urgeris turba circtim te ftante; jniferque, - ijj^
Rumperis, et; tatras^: ma^orum maxime re^tii. ' -
Ne longum fa<iaia : dmm tu quadiantp liaVatum ■ '^'
Rex ibis, neque te qulfquain utpator, iite|)lum • '^
Prseter Crlfpinum, leftaVtur ; et tnilii d\xlcet' ' > ' -
Ignofcent, fi quid peccavero ftultus, arnica, ' i^Cp
Inque vicem illorum patiar deli£bi libenter ;
Privatufque ma^is vivam te rege beatus*

» >>.

,1

SATYR A' iVl

Satyricontm fattarum^ ac/uam praf&rtim in/crihendo It'

centiam excufaU

EUPOLIS, atqueCratinus, AriAophancfquc poetse,
Atque alii, quorum comccdia prifca virorum cfir.
Si quis erat dignusdefcribi, quod malu^, aut fur,
Quod moechus foret, aut ficari'us, aut alioqui
Famofus; multa cum libertate notabant. . ' •' ^

Hinc omnis pendet Lucilius, hofce fecutus, -
Mutatis tantum pedibus numerifque ; facetu^,
£mun£lx naris, durus componere verfus ;
Nam luit hoc vitiofus; in hora fsepe ducentos,
Ut magnum, verfus di^abat dans pede in uno. IQ
Cumflueret iutuientus erat quod toltere velks :
Garrulus, atque pigcr fcribendi fcne laborcm;
Scribendi rede : nam ut mulcum, nil moror. ecce

(a) Eft fzpiens. Qjjo > (h) Tonfor •«*.

CriC-

( 35 )

Eirs: neverthelefir, the wHe man is a ihoe-m^^r*
ow fo' ? Iii the fanic inannef tho* Hfrmogenes be fijenf,
he is a fine'finger notwithflaticlingy and an excellent
mufician : and as the llibtle laiiyer Alfcnus, after
every inilrument of his calling was thrown alide, and
his (hop (hut up, was /?/// k barber : thus is the wife
m^n of all trades, thus is he a king. O greateftqf
great kings, the waggifli boys pluck yonl)y the beard;
whom unlets you reft rain with your ftaff, you will be
fqueezcd to ficees with a ifacib all abt)ut )^ou, jfnd you
may wretchedly bark and burft your luhgj in vain,
Kot to be tedious : while you, gfcat monafcn,^ fliall go
to the farthing-bath, and no gunrd fhall attend you,
except the abfurd Crifpinus V and my dcir fridnds Ihall
pardon me in any matter if 1 (hall focLfhly dffen'dil
alfoin ply turn will chearfully put lin with ihcif fa \\i%. ;
ahd thiuy tho* a private man, I (hidl live more happily
than yofu, that are a king. * ' .

5 A T I RE IV.

4

He afologi%€$ for the Uhcrtles taken hy the fat^ic pp^ti ]n
general^ and farticular'y by 'hhvfclf*.

THE -poets' Eupolis, and Cratihu^,. and Ariilrt-
phanes, and others, who are authors of Hie^an-
citnt comedy, if there was any perien deferving to be
diftinguilhed for being a rafcal, o« a-thief) an adul-
terer, or a cut-throat, or in any (hape an irtfamojs
fellow ; they branded him with great freedom. Upon
thefe models Lucilius entirely depends,. having imifated
them, changing only their feet and numbers : a miia
of wit, of great kecnhefs,. buthar(h in the ftmrture
of hisveifes: for in thta cefpeiSt he was faulty r he
would often, as a great feat, dictate two hundiYci
verfes in an hour, (landing in the fame pofition^ A.<t
he (lowed muddily, there was always fomething^ that
one would wi(h to eraife : he was verbofe, and tt;o lazy
to endure the fatigue of writing ; of writing accu-
rately : for with regard to the quantiqr o( /jis worh^
I make no account of it. Bui^ fee ! Crifpinus chnl-

P 4 lcn[,cs

( 36 )

Cnfpinus (a) i^inuno xpc prQVQcat : accipc, /i . vis>
(I) Accipe j^im tabMlai : actur nobis locus, Korj^, ijf
Cuilodes f videamus fitcr plus fcrjbfirc, ppfQl.
Di bene li^eerunt, inopis me qqddqu^ pu011i
Finxerunt, ahimiy r^ro ct perpauc^ ^c/ loqueptis ;
A^ tu cpnclui^is hircinis follibus auras,
Urque labor^ntes dum fermm molliat igniS| aO

Lt roavit, imitaire« beatu$ Fanmus, ultro
Delatis capiU et imagine : cum mea nemo
S.cripta leg^t, vulgorectUi^e tinapiitis, ob banc rem,
pia<^ funt c^aos gc^nus bqc qainimc juvat; utpote plures
CulpaiTi dignX)S^ quern v\%(d) media crue ^urb^ ; 25
Am^ (^Jl ob ayaritiam, aut mifera arobitione laborat.
H^c nuptarumi in&nit ambribus, hie puerprum :
i£inc capit aigenti fplendor; ftupet Albius ser^e;
Hie mutal m'erces furgente a folr, ad earn .^uo
Vcfperiina tepet r<gio • <jiuin per ioal?t prycepi
Fertiir, uti pulviscollctlus turbine; ne quid*,
Summa deperdat metuens, aut ampliet ut r^m,
Omnes hi me^u^nt yerAis,. odere po^etas.
Fcenum habetin cornu ; longefuge:' dummodo rifum
£xcutiat fibi, npn hie cuiquam parcel amico : 3^

£t quodcunque femel chart is illeverir, omnes
Geftiet a furno rcdeiinte'S fcird^ iacuque,
£t pueiios et anui. agedum, p^ucaaccipe contra,

/^<»y) Mimo me prorocat. Htri/". 'Ntiiidimomei Btntl. fb)Jb:'
tlpiam ;t^ulas« (cj Ijoqutnttm, 'Lumh, (,d) j^^diftm erip*

30

•Primum

I *

( 37 )

you dai-e, at this inftant take your tabjet^ : kt there
Dp a plaq^ f time, ap<| perfiM^ xq ic^ f^ir-^y a||y^
poin te4> f ^ kt u« fee who can Wfite the v^oti* Tb0
Gods have done 4 good part by hk^ finca they have
framed i^t of an bumble and m^k difpbiiti(H}» (peak-
ing but ieldom, and thtn but l^rie^y : but dp you,
CriJ^inus^ as much as you will, irnitate air which is
ihut up in a kathern * bcllqwf , whicl^ is perpetually
puffipg^ till the fire fo(tens tjiie iroq, F^iiPh)tJ9 4l|
happy man, who, of his owiV aG<;ord hft$ :preience4
his manufcrjpts and pidure f t^ ^t ^alatints jfpfiUo ^
when not a. fou| f^ill picrufe f^y wrUifig^ Vfhf> ^fl|
afraid to rehearie in public, pn this account^ bicpauf^
there are certain penons who pan by up m^i^9 reliih
this kind offytiric writing ; af there ^rct v^ry many
who deferve it;eufuref Single -^y R^autou^ pf tht
crowd ; ^f f itl^^ l^lM>ur^ under a c^vustpuf 4i^c^tio4^ -
or through wretched ^fnbitiQn. One is mgd ip Ipvt
with married womeii, s^uottierwith children : a third
%\^ fplendpf of filver captivates : Albius is in rapturei^
with $ brafs : another exchanges his mprchaodife'fnom
the § rifing fun, even to that with which the weitern
fegions are warmed: but, he is hurried headlong
through dangers, as dull wrapped up in % whirlwind;
in dread left he.ih(Ould ioi^ any thing put pf bia capis
tal, ox in hopes that he may incre^ his ftore.' All
thefeare.afraidof yerfesi they hate poets. *^ Hehas
*^ hay on his hofo, they ay i avoid him at a great dif^
*^ tance; if he can but raife a laugh for his own ^/«^^f
** Jian^ he will not fpare any friend : and whatever he
** has once blotted upon his paper, he will take plea-
*^ fure in letting all the boys and old women know, as
** they return front the baicc-houic, Orthelake.** But
come'qn^ flea/e to attend to a few words on the other
fide of the queftion.

• Uteraify goai's leather, - ,

+ TJl>e Augttftan refojitory for the writings a id effigUs of men of
genhiSK . •

X Srmenbuftsmidvsfa.
^ Fromfhceaft.

In

45

'( 38 ) .

Primtim tgp mt illorum, dederim quibut t& (a)

*' pocta«, . ' '
fiscerpim mitnerd : ftcquc enim concludere verfum '
Dixefis dfc fatis % neqUe fi quis fcribat,' uti nos,
Sermoni ptopiora, • putes hunc ef& poetam.
Ingenium cui fit, cui mens divinioi', atqoe os
Magna fonaturum, dee noniinis hujus honorem.
Idcirca quidam comoediay necne, poema '
Efiet, quxfivere : quod acer fpirttua ac vis
Ncc verbis ncc rebus iheft ; nifi quod pede' ccrto
Dilfert fermoni,^ Icrmo * meni». at ptter ardens
Saeyit^- quod meretiicfe liepos (h) infanus arnica
Filtiu, uxoremgrandi cum dote rtcufcf ;"
£bnus et (magnum quod dedec^s) ambulet ante
Nofiiem cum &cibu8« niimqurd Pompon ius iftis,
Audiret leniora, pater fi viverct ? ergo
Non fatis efi: puris verfum pcrferibcre verbis ;
Quern fi difToltas, quivis ftomachetur eodem '
guo perfoii'atU9j>aftopater. hts, fi^ qu^ nutic,
Olim quas icrpput LuGiIius, eripias ^
Tcmpora certa, modofque, et, quod prius ordine v«r^

bum cfti
Pofterius facias, prasponens ultima primis.
Nod, (ut fi folvas, Pefiquam difcordia tetra 60

BeUi ferrates pcfies fertafyue ref regit ;J
Invenias etiam disjedi membra poetae. ^ "

50

Si

I

Ha£^enus hac'; alias ju(hiip fit necne poema-:
Nunc illud tantum quxram, meriieile tibt fit
Sufpet^m genus hoc fcribendi. Sulcius ttcer, 6^

(a) Poetis. Heinf, (b) Meretrke nepos tnfatiit aouca^

Ambu-^

( 39 )
Iq^ the'iirft pUce^ thg^ I will incept rkfMi QXii H
tbenuinberof tlio& I will allov^ to be poets: for ope
jnuf^ iKXr jcall it fuiBctent to taga verfe; nor if anjr
perfoDy likeine, «^te8 ^n ft'iiyTe bordering on con^i
vernation, mxtSc you efieem him to be i pbet. Who
hat genius, who has » foul of a diviY^ei' caft, and %
greatnefs'of expmffioni/^ve hrm the honoui* of thi^
appellation. On this account fbme hate queried whe*
ther cdnnedy be ft poem wf nM ; beeaufe an aniitiated
i^rk and force is neither i» the ftyle-not^ ^he fubje^^
matter ; bating that it diifers from pi^ofe by a certairt^
tneafure, it is mereprofe. But, oHemay oijtMuihi3\
that even /»c#ffir^^ an' inflamed farther tages, becauie
his dtflblute fon, mad after a proftitute mtArefs, re-^
Ailes a wife with a large portion ; and (what is ati
egregious fc:\ndal)- rambles about drunk with flam*
beaux by dayt^lighi. Yet could Pomponms, were his
father alive, hcarlrfsfevere reproofof Wherefore it 10
not fufficient to write verfeswfr^/j> in proper language;
which if you tak^ to 'pieces, any perfon mayftorm in
the fame manner as * the fi^ther in* the play. If from'
thefe yerfes which I write at this prefent, or thofe that
Luciliusdid formerly, you takeaway certain paufes
and meafures, and make that which was firft in order
hindermbft, by pladug the latter words before thoie
preceded m the verfei you wil^llbt difcern thef limb»
of a poet when throwo in pieces, in the fame manner
as you would were you to tranfpofe ever (o ^eje lines
of Enniusi

Hlken £fc9rd dreadful hurjts the hrazen hars^

And iron locks Jbc ren^ to thunder forth her wars. ^

V

So far of this matter ; at another opportunity, 7 Mtfy
innjejiigate whether a comedy be a true poem or not.
Now I fhall only con£der this point, whether this y^*-
tiric kind of writing be defervedly an object of your

* Demea i/f /^tf Addphi.

+ Dkftft thefe tints aS much MSjOupkaft of (h mafure, nevirthckji
the poetical Jpirii will remain^

fufpicion

t

( 40 )

Tcmpqrc.nunfi ^;i^>flt|jJifl|ii9KfW^^ v ^

Ca) |nquit, et.hP^;i^4^Q pvavufi f^fiis,^ Mn4e f^cUtam '
Jjioc in nae jacjt;^ ?. eft aiuftpjr qiws: ^r%\^\^ '^moci to
Yixi cum qiiibws ? ^l^lenteip qwi Todit^ j^noieum j . >

Fingere <^ui non .vi^i ppteft>:,;f:9;i%9^iffaUcc».. i- ^ '^ n

Sacp^ ^ribus.leaU \'\^^^% 4»^*rfe 'qi^^^FRiW ; W'

£ quibus unus (h) a vet 9V^sf(^pet%0r$ cunAoe, '
Pr«tcreyn^quipracbej-«u^%jn^ppftfewii.cqafl^pot^^
Conjdita cum yera^ aperif |:|rfq(^r<ii4 lib<^*

linfeiio nigf ^ : . cg9, . fi. ri|ji^» quQd^in«ptL^ s », ; •. . . —

Paftillo^Rufillu;j:ok), G5>r«>o}w/hk(^lim» 1". ; « *

^.ividus f;tiaqr4^Yi{lfll«;t$i l J^Wli«» li'qoa- : .

• --_■>• <
/"tf^ In^uis : et hoc. (b) £ quibus «nu$ amcL

» - t X \

1 « * < _ I > /

I

V.) ■ U » . '. " . A

^

( 41 ) *
fu%>icion cr nou Snlchis the. virulent, und C^piiiis,
iotb hoarfe with' their malignancy, . walk opet^^ and
with their * libeLs too in their bands ; each of them a
fingular terror to robbers : but if a roan lives hooeftly,
and with clean hands, h« may defpife them both.
Tho' you be like the highwaymen Ceefusand ByrrhuB ;
I am not ^ cpmmon sccu/er^ Uke Caprius and Sulciut :
why thtrefire (hould you be afraid of me ? No ihop,
nor dall holds my books, which the fweaty hands k^
the vulgar, and of Hermogenes Tigelliiis, may ibiU
I repeat to nobody, except my intimates, and that
0nfy wbiH J cannot poffibiy avoid it ; not anywhere,
and before any body. Thete are many who recite
their writings in the middle of the forum ; and who
do it while mthing : the clofeoefs of the place itfttms
gives meiody to the voice. This pleafes coxccnx^,
who never confider whether they do this to no purpofe,
or at an improper time. But you, fays he,^ delight to
hurt people, and thiis tou do fnit of a ^inifehicvmsi ds(^
pofition. From what loforce do you throic thb csalmi*
ay upon vat^ Is any one then your TO«cher, widl
whom I have lived i« iminuuyf Hewho^kbttcsiiit
nbfent friend $ My m^r/, who does oqt dbii^nd, ata»»
othePs accufinghim j who a£fe6b to raift loud langiii
in compaiiy, aildthe rq)ittaiion of a Amhy fdibw at
others expend ; ' who can make i things he never fiiw \
who cannot keep &erets ; he is a dangerous smn : be
y^ awai^ of him. You may often ice it, mnm im
crowded companies^ w^e twelve £ip together on three
couches I Q|ie of whidi fhalt delight a( any rate to
afperle the refl, except him ^ who ramiihes the bath ;
and him too afterwards in his Honor, wh^n tmth-telU
ing Bacchus opens the fecrets of his heart. Tet this
man feems entertaining, and well bred, and Ir^nk to
-you who are an enemy to the malignant : bnt do I,
if I have laughed becaufe the fopRuffllusfmells all per-
fumes, and Gorgonius like a he-goat, appear invidt«>
Qus and a fnarler to you ? If by any means mention

• 7 ablets contdlning articles ofindr&mcnf,
f Thf hfi^ mafttr of thefea/i*

happen

■ ( 4» )
Dc Capitolini furtis in-je£ta Petilli
Te coram fuerir ; defendas, ut tuus efl. mbs : 9 j;

Me Capitolinus'convi<^ore ufus amicoque
A puero eil, caofaque mea permtilta rogatus
Fecit ; ct incolumis laetor quod vivit in urbe :
Sed tamen admiror, quo pa£to judicium illud .
Fugerit. hie nigne fuccus loligiDis, hsec e(l 100

iSrugo mera : quod vitium procul abfore thartis,
Atque animo prius, ut H quid promittere de me
PoiTum aliud, vere promitto. libeiiusfi
Dixeroquid, (i forte jocofius, hoc mihi juris
Cum Tenia dabis; infuevit pater optimushoc me, 105
Ut f ugerem exemplis vitiorum quaeque notando.
Cum me hortaretur, parce, frugaliter, atque
Viverem uti contentus eo quod mi ipfe paraflet :
Nonne vides^ Albi ut male vivat filtus ^ utque
faj Barrus inops ? magnum documenturo, ne patrtr
-am. rem . . • . no

Perderequisvelit. a turpi iperetricis amore
Cum'deterreret : Se^bni JiAmilb fis. > ^ . . .
Ne fequerer mflechas/ xonceffa t:um i?:enere uti
Poflem : Deprenfi ndn beUa eft fama Treboni,
Aiebat, fapiens, yitatii quidque petitu : US

Sit melius, caufas reddet tibi. mi fati^ eft, fi >

Traditum ab antiquts morei»iervjkre,.jl^uamque^
Dum cuftodis eges, vitam famamqtie tu^ri . ,

Incoluooem poiGm :. fimul ac duravertt sBtsas
Membra.anunumque tuum, nabis fine cof tice* fie fl^.
Formabat puernm di6H8 : et five jubebat 121

yt faoerem quid ;• habes ad£korem, quo facias hoc ;
IJnum ex jufficibus iele^tis objiciebat :
Sive Yetabat; an hoc iohonefiym et inutile fadu.

Necne

I

f

( 43 )

happen to be made of the thefts of PetiUus Capitolmus'
in your company, you defend hm after your manner :
as thus J Capuqliaus has had me -for a companion and
friend even from childhood, and. on being applied to
has done many things on my account ; and i am glad
that he lives fecure in the city : but I wonder, not«-
withftandihg, how he evaded the fentence^ t^sat wax

pajfed againfi him. This is the very eflence of invidi-
ous noifon, tl^^s is .mere malice itfelf : which crime,
that It (hall be far remote from my writings, and prior
to them, frQm'my mind, I fincerely promi&, if 1 can''

' take upon me to promife any. thing of myfelf : If 1
ihall fay any thing in swy wrhtngs too freely^ if perhaps >
too ludicroufly, you mi4il favour me by your indul-
gence with tHis allowance. Fcr my exoellent father
inured me to this cnilom, that by noting each parti-'
cular vice, I txMght avoiid itby the example of9tbrrs\,\
When he e^hoi^ted me that I ihould live tnriftily^ fru«»^
gaily,, and cpntent with what hejprovided for. me:'
don*t you fee, n!^9^U. he f^^ bowuwretiiiedly .thcjiba^
of Albius lives ? And how miferably Barrus ? An af-
fecting leflbn to hinder any one from fquandering away
his patrimony. * When\he wOuld deter irne from filthy
fondnefs for a fl/uropet : take earey faidht^ that yoa
do notWcmbkSettanvsf.' That I mighf ndt foHoW*"
adulterefles, whenl could enjoy a bWful amour: the
charafter, ery*4he, of Trebonins, whp.wa^ caught in.
thefedV,'ijBby no means^ clever. Thejihilofojrfier majr
tell yon the reafons for Wh^t is better to fee avoided, and*
what to be purfued. It is fufficient for me, if I can^
preferve the morality traditional from my forefathers,;
and keep your life and reputation invibtate, fo long as.
you ftand in need of a guardian : as foon as age Ihatl^
nave ftrengthened your liinbs and mind, you will
fwim without tork. In this manner he formed me as"
yet a boy ; and whether he ordered me to do any par-
ticular thing ; vou have an authority, %, for dolitg
this ; then he inuanced fome one out of the feled magi-
flrates : or did he forbid me any^ thing ; can you doubt,
fap ke^ whether this ^ing be difhonourable, and

againft your intereil to be £>Qe9 when thisperfon and

the

C 44: )>

Necnefit, add«bbites/'%l|;ri}f nifn«ri«' tnikld atm ^15
Hicatque illc ? (a) Wh^^ vicihiim; funtn (it atgrbs
Eiranimat, nortiiquenielufil^parce^e cogh: •
Sit tehenrps atiiinoft alitttui xip^obria fsepe *
Abfterrenc vittis; ex hoc ego fanus ab illis,
Perniciem queecunque fer unt : mediocribus', et queis
Ignofcas, vitiis teneoT. fdrttfflis et iil'inc "i^t

Largiter abftulerk longa setas, liber aoiicus^
ConiUium proprium. oeqiie enim, cu^ le£hilus|i anit

1

. »•

Borticus excepit, defum tntbi : re^iiis hoe eft:
Hoc faeiens vivam :m^liu8 : (ic dultitt 'amici^ ' • 135
Occurram : hoe buidam non belle : . nvitnquid egoilli
Imprudent olim faciam (imile ? h«c ego mecum ~
Comprel&sagito iabris^ ubiqoid datuf'Oti, ' i*"

Illudo chartis* hoc efi mediocribus ilHs
£x vitaisoiai^m ^ . eui: fi <oilte>dere holis,' < ' -A 40
Multa poetahim vbriitfC rnaitds, auxYliot^ine'
Sit*mihi : Ifnaun nfuito plunes iubius/ac Vi6ld!ti te

Jtsdtti, cc^emud in hatic concedefe ti»rt>aikii - .

... • . > ' - -^ » •

^ 5 A jy R A V.

T? ORESSUM paj^na me ; accf^plt Alicia R^na
Jr[> Hofpitio qnodico : rhetor comes Hellodorus,
777 Grsrcoirum lopge do6lifiiious : inde JPoruxp Appif
Differtiiin nautis, cauponibus alque m^igaU, ^ ,
Hoc iter ignavi d^viiimus, ailtius ac nos ^

Prsecin£lis unuxD : minus eft gravis Appiav^tafdis*.
IpH^^cgOy propter aifuanii quod qr<^t j^etemma,. veatri <
IndjfcQ bellum, coona^te^s hnug anii^ ap^ub

M Vidq Ticinum fyaus. ^^^ Cfseconim Imuit 4actUnro«s» ,

{d^»cc<

t't^ •< fa-ti

( 45 )

the other is bqcoine f^c|;i a i^i^mgibdipc for i^w bad
fhara£ter entb^^^ccQunthf -h^ a^ hoigttbpvring fuperyi
difpirits fick jgLut^ohst^^^a^ thro* fear of d^ath £drc^'
them to hare incr9y;Uppii thenifelve^.r fp other, meffa
difj^ace^ lofUn i^tx teiuier, ^iads froni vic^s. Firom
thit method •ffducailon I am clear from all fuch vicet,
as bmig deflifuQlon aIoQg> with them t bv4efleF fdibles,
and luch as you' may think. 'venial, X am |K)ireired.
And even from thele; perhaps a ipaturer agft^. tl|e
iincerity of a friend, or m^ o^vi^n jittdgn[^t,,^x>ay m^^
great reduQions. For aeitheir when I fim in bed, jv
Hxjolkiruf in the piazzas, cm 1 wanting to joyfelf : ,tb|t
Vay orproceeding is better : bydofog f^ch a thi^gl
fhall live more comfortayy : by this means. (ihaU rea-
der my|4;|f agreeableto my frieods-: -fiich a tranfafliaa
was net dfver : what, ibiaU I at any time imprudent^
.commit any thing like it ? Thefe tbiag^ I.ievolye in
%Ience by myielf.. Wlben I ha^ any leifusf^ I amufe
myfelf with my ps^rs« This is one of thxii^ lefler foi-
bles I was fpeakiifg^ •/,: to which if vou do&'t grant
your indulge9^,ra iu,m:)ccf»us.baiul of poets /9i;q^ oonpf ,
.which will take mjr P^ • \^^ ^^ ^^ manj$r i|K>re in
number n»m ttmn ever) and, Uk€ the Jews, we TfiP
force, you to xdme ovier to our nuoMrous par^«

I ,

S ATI R ? V.

i i

itiGumwiiff great fteqfimtiym'

HAVING ieft niagnificent Rome, Aricia received
me in ht a middling inn : Heiiodorus the rhe-
torician, by far the moft learned of the Grecians, was
my fellow-traveller : thence we proceeded to Forum«
Appi, (luffed with Mors and furly landlords* This
,ftage, but one for perfbns more expedite than we, be-
ing laggard, we divided into two : . the Appian way is
lets tirefome to (low travellers. Here I, on account of
. the water, which was execrable, proclaim war againft
my belly, waiting not without impatience for my

com-

. ( 46 )
'£xpe£lans comites. jam nox inddcere tcrris
Umbras, et coelo diffundiere figna parabat. . ' 'lo

^Tiim pueri nautis, pueris convicmnantiae' ' '/

'Ingerere. hue apelle.' tiTccntos infcris : ohc \ //

*Jam fatis'^ft. Dam aesexigititj:^ dura itouia'ligatiir, ;*
'Tota abit hora. mail culices, raqaeque paluilres
•Avertunt fomtios. (a) abfent^m nt cantat amicam 1 5
•Multa prolutus vappa nauta, atque viator
Ccrtitim : tandem feiTus dormire viator / '
^ncipit ; ac milHe pailum retlnacuia mill^fe " . ' '
Nauta pigetfaxoiieKgatjftertitqucfuphitrs, '• * '-
^Jamque dies aderat,- cum ihil ptocedcre'ttiitrcitjL 20
-Scntimus : doaec de^ebrofus profilii unus, . . ;

Ac mube hautseque caput iumoofque faligho^ - '
-Fufte dolaty quartavixdcmumexponimurhora
Oramanufque tua/^^ lavimus, Feroqia, lympha,
'Millia turn pranii tria rdpimus ; atque iubitnus '25
Impoiitum faxis late candentibu^ A nicur. * • , ' "
Hue ven turns erAt- Maecenas, opthnus atque '
-Coeceius, miffi tnagni^ de rebus uterque
Legati ; avwrfofe folfe componcre-atnicos. :
Hie ofcuUs e|^ tiigl^naeis collyrhi Hpp^s • . 30
-lUinere. interea Mecenas advenit, atque
CoccehiSy Capitoque fimul Fonteius, ad^unguem
Fa£tus homo ; Antoni, non ut magis alter, amicus,

Fundos Atfidio Lufco praetore libenter
Linquimusy infani ridentes prsemia fcribx, . .55

Pnetextam, et latum clayum, prunaeque batillutfi. '

^4 j Abfc&tem cantat amicam* (^^/Lavimun Jidnf. ^

! >

1. i/' -

In

. • -•»... . .

t J

( 47 )

companions, whilft at fupp^r. Now the night Tir«
preparing to fpread her ihadows upon the earth, and
to difplay the confteilations in the heavens. Tl^en
our (laves beg^n tobe liberal of their abufe to the wa-»
termeh, and the watermen to our flaves. ** .Here,
** bring to,^^ dogs.^^ ** You are flowing in hundreds:
** hold, nowfure there is enough.'* Thus while the
fare is paid, and the mule faflened, a whole hour is

Saflfed away. The curfed gnats, and frogs of the fens
rive oflf repofe. While the watermen and paflenger
wcH foaked with plenty of thick wine, vie with one
another in finging the praifes of their abfent miifrelTes :
at length the paHenger, being fatigued, begins to fleep;
• and theiazy waterman ties the halter of the muleturned
out a grazing, to z great iitone, and fnores, lying flat. on
his back. And now the day approached, when we fav
the boat made no way : until a choleric fellow, one h(
the pailengers, leaps out of the boat, ^nd drubs the
head and fides of itf/)^ mule and waterman with a wil*
low cudgd. At laffc we were fcarcely fet aihore at the
* fourth hour. We inftantly wa(h our faces and handd
in thy water, O Feronia. Then having dined we
crawled on three miles farther % and arrive under
Anxur, which is built upon rocks that look white to
a great diilance. Maecenas was to come here^ as was
the excellent Cocceius, both feiit ambafiadots on mat-
ters of great importance; having been i^ftrt accuf*
tomed to reconcile f friends at variance.' liere, hav-
ing got fore eyes, I was obliged to the ufe of the black
ointment. In the mean time came Maecenas, and
Cocceius^ and Fonteius Capito along with them, a
nobleman of the greateft accompliihments ; and inti*
mate^with Mark Antony, no man more fo.

Without regret we next paiTed Fundi, where Aufidi*
us Lufcus was praetor, laughing heartily at the honours
of ilnu craz^ fcribe^ nanu}^^ hit praetexta, laticlave,
and pan of mcenfe. At our Vifx\JUge^ being weary,

• Our ten o'clock, ' ' v

( 48 )

In Mam^irrarum la£ deinde urbe maoemus,
Murena prsebente doipum, Capitooe ciiliaam*

FoileraluK oritur muttegratifUma: jiaixiqae
Flotius et Varius l^iaueflae, Virgiliufque 40

Occurrunt ; aninix, quales neque candidiores
Terra tulir^ neque quels me fit devimflior alter.
O qui complexusy et gaudia quanta fuenmt !
Nil ego contuierim jucundo fanus amico.
f ro^dma Campanb pooti quse viUula, tedum 45^

Frsebutt ; et paroctii, auae debent^ ligna fal^mque. .'
Hiuc mxiii Capuae cliteuas teroporeponuirt.
Lufucn ItMsecenaSy dormitum ego Virgiliu£)ue : «
Mamque pila iippis inimicumetltfdere crudis.

SGqc uqs Coccel recipit pkniflima viOa^ ^o

Ouae fuper eft Caudi catiponasi. nunc mihi paucii
SarmeiUi fqurrae pugnam MeiHque Cicirri,
Mufa^ veliounetnores j et qi^opatre natus ut|sr(|ue
Contwleretlite^;. Meffi claruffi|;cnua — Ofci:
Sarinenti domina, €^at. ab his majoribujs orti 55
Ad pugnam venere, prior Sanuentus'; £qui te
Efle fed fifliilem dico, ridemus ; et lp&
Bteffius, Accipio: caput et movet* O! tiiacornu
!Nv.fpret e^e^ frons, jupquit, quid facer^e^; cum .
Sic niiJLtitus minitaris.? at ilti fo^ cicatrix . 60

Setcifam .fevi |ron«tem ;turpvej^t oris,
Canipanum in mdrbum,. in^facieti) permulta jocatu9|

I^aftorem

( 49 )

wc tarry in the city of the * Mamurrae, Marena com-
plimenting us with his houfe, and Capito with hit
kitchen.

The next day arifes by much the moft agreeable of
all : for Plotius, and Varius, and Virgil met us at
SinuefTa; fouls, more candid ones than which the
world never produced, nor is there a perfon in the
world more devoted to them than myfclf. O what
embraces, and what tranfports were there amoTngJt ks!
WhikI am in my fenfes, nothing on earth can I prefer
to a companionable friend. The village which is
next adjoining to the bridge of Campania, accommo-
dated *us with lodging /»/ night ; and the public officeri
with fuch a quantity of fewel and fait, as they arc
obliged to hy lavj. From this place the mules depo-
fited their pack-faddles at Capua betimes in the mom^
ing, MsBcenag goes to play at tennis ; but I and Virgil
to our repofe : for to play at tennis is hurtful to Weak
eyes and feeble conftitutious^

From this place the villa of Cocceius, lltuated above
the Caudian inns, which abounds with plenty of every
thing that is good^ receives us. Now, my mufe, I beg
of you briefly to relate the /w/^f^/^ engagement jjetweeiji
the buffoon Sarmentus and MeHius Ciclrrus ; and from
what anceftry defcended each entered to the conteft.
The illuftrious race of MeiEus — vf Olbian : Sarmencus
his J miftrefs is ftill alive. Sprung from fuch families
as thefe they came to the combat. And9vA Sarmen-'
tus ; .** 1 pronounce thee to have the very look of a
'* mad horfe." We laugh ; and Meflius himfelf/^?^/,
** I accept your challenge :" and wags his head.
** O !" cries he, ** if the horn was not cut off your
** forehead, what would you not do ; fince maimed as
•* you are, you bully at fuch a rate ?" For a foul fear
had difgraced the left part of Meffius*s grifly forehead.
The* cutting many jokes upon his Campanian difeafe,

* Formiae, from nvkence the family of ths Mamurrae luas derived^
+ Avery firoig irony, for we Olcians were infamous to a pr(wei-t^
J Sarmentus nuas confetjncntly ajlavt^

Vo L. 11. C ^nd

( so )

. Paflorem faltaret uti Cyclopa, rogabat : .
Nil illi larva aut tragicis opus efTe cothurms*
Multa Cicirrus ad hasc : DOnadet jarane catenam 65
£x voto Laribus, quaerebat : fcriba quod eifet,
Deterius nibilodominasJusefTe. rogabat
Denique, cur unquam mgidet ; cui fatis una
.Farris libra foret, gracili fie, tamque pufillo.
Frorfusjucunde coenam produximus illam. 79

Tendimus hinc re8:a Beneventum; ubi fedulus hoipes
Pene arlit, macros dum turdos verfat in igne ;
Nam vaga per veterem dilapfo flamma culinam
Vulcanoy himmum properabat lambere te6^um.
Convivas avidos coenam, fervofquc timentes 75

Turn rapere, atque omnes reftinguere velle videres.

Incipit ex illo montes Appulia notes
Oftentare mihi, quos torret Atabulus : et quos '
Nunquam erepfemus, nifi nos vicina Trivici
Villa recepiifet, lacrymofo non fme fixmo ; 80

Udos cum foliis ramos urente camino*
Hie ego mendacem fhiltiflinfus ufque puellam
, Ad mediam noflem exfpeAo : fomnus tamen aufert
Intentum Veneri : turn immundo foininia vifu
Nofbimam veftem maculant ventremque fupinum*

Quatuor hinc rapimur viginti et millia rhedis^ 86
Manfuri oppiduloi quod verfu dicere non eft,

Signis

( 51 )

mnd upon his face, he defired him to exhibit Polyphe*
mus's dance ; that he had no occafion for a mafque, or
the tragic buikins. Cicirrus r//^/^// largely to thefe :
he aikedy whether he had confecrated his chain to the
houihold Gods, according to his vow : tho* he was a .
fcribe, he told if im^. his miilrefs's property in bim was
not the lefs on that account. Laftly, tie aiked, how he
ever came to run away; fuch a lank, meagre fellow,
for whom a * pound of corn a- day would be more than
fuf&cient. Injhorty we were fo diverted, that we con-
tinued that fupper to an unufual length.

From hence we proceeded ftraight on for Beneven-
tum ; where the bufiling landlord almofl burnt hun-
felf, in roading fome lean thrulhes : for the fire falling
through the old kitchen JUor^ the fpreading flame
made a great progrefs towards the higheft part of. the
roof. Then you might have feen the hungry guefls
and frighten'd flaves fnatching their fupper out of the
fiamcs^ and every body endeavouring to extinguifh the

fire.

After this Apulia began to difcover to me her f
-well-known mountains, which the % Atabulusfcorches
W///6 his blajis : and through which we (hould never
have crept, unlefs the neighbouring village of Trivi-
cus had received us, but not without a fmoke that
brought tears in our eyes ; occafioned by a hearth's
burning fome green boughs with the leaves upon
them. Here, like a great fool as I was, I wait till
midnight for a deceitful miftrefs : ileep, however,
overcomes me, whllft meditating love : and difagree-
able dreams make me afhamed of myfelf and every
thing about me.

From hence we were bowled away in chaifes twenty-
four miles, intending to ftop at a little town, which

* By the Uws of the iwehe tahUsyJlaves are allowed a pound of
torn a day each,

+ Apulia was Horacc'j native country ^

^ A wind, thefam€ as lapyx. Vide 04c iii , Lib . I .

C z one

^ I

( 52 )

Sign's pcrfcjcile eft. venit viliflima rerum
iiic aqua ; Ted panvs longc pulcherrimus, ultra
Callidusut foleat humeris portare viatoi': 90

Nam Canufi lapidofiis: aquae nou ditior urnaj
Qui loeu§ a forli Diomcde eft conditus olim,
Flentibus hinc Varius.difcedit moeftus amicis.

Inde Rubps fefli pervenimus ; utpote longum
CarpcTitcs iter, ct fa6lum corruptius imbri. 95

Poftera tcmpeftas melior, via pejor, adufquc
Bari incenia pifcoli, dehinc Gnatia lymphis
Iratis extrufta dcdit rifufque jocofque ;
Dum flamraa fine, thura liquefcere limine facro
P^rfuadere ciipit. credat Judaeus Apclla, 1 00

l>Ion ego. nam que Deos didici fecurum agere aevum ;
Nee, li quid miri faciat Natura, Deos id
Trilles ex aho cceli demittere tedto,

Brundufium longae finis chartsequc viaeque eft.

SATYR A

<• •

( 53 )

one cannot name in a * verfe, but is eafily enough
known by defcription. For water is fold here, though
it is the worft in the world ; but their bread is ex-
ceeding fine, infomuch that the wary traveller is tifed
to carry it willingly on his flioulders ; for the bread at
Canufium is gritty ; a pitcher of water is worth no
more than it is here ; which place was formerly built
by the valiant Diomedes. Here Varius departs de-
jefted from his weeping friends.

From hence we came to Rubi 'very much fatigued ;
becaufe we made a long journey, and it was IViU ren-
dered more troublefome by the rains. Next day the
weather was better, hut the road worfe, even to the
very walls of Barium that abound in fiih. In the next
place Egnatia, which feetm to have been built f on
troubled waters, gave us occafion for jefts and laugh-
ter J for they wanted to perfuade us, that at this facred
portal the incenfe melted without the help of fire. The
Jew X Apella may believe this, not !• Fdr I learnred
from Epicurus that the Gods dwell in a flate of tran-
quillity j nor, if nature effe6l any wonder, that the
anxious Gods fend it from the high canopy of the hea*
vens.

Brundufium ends both my long journey and my '
paper.

* -ffiquotaticum was the towrif whofe name cannot Jiand in a htxa-
fr.eUr •verfe.

+ Tbert art two meanings in the original iratis lymphls, &c. Tht

frjijaysy the town was built, in dejpite of the waters, as if they were

offended at its being built. The fccojid, that its inhabitants were "vi/t-

onaritSy lunatics^ lymphaticl, Francis. But there is a third

inter pretatio/i) which feems more piaufihk^ y\z» that the water was very
tad at this place*

X Of, the cit'cumcifed Jew.

C 3 SATIRE

C 54 ) ^

S A T Y R A^ VI.

Ad MiECENATEM.
De vera nohUitate*

NON, quia, Maecenas, Lydorum quidquidEtrufcus
Incoiuit fines, nemo gcnerofior eft te ;
Nee quod avus tibi matemus fiiit atquc patcrnus,
Olim qui magnis (aj legionibus impexitarint ;
Ut plerique folent, nafo fufpendis adunco j

Ignotos, ut me libertino patre natum :
Cum referre negas, quali fit quifquc parenle .-
Natus, dvun ingenuus. perfuades hoc tibi vere.
Ante potedatem Tulli, atque ignobile regnum^
Multos fsepe vx ros nullis majoribus ortos i o

£t vixifTe probes, amplis et honoribus au£los :
Contra, Lasvipum, Valeri genus, undc Superbus
Tarqviinius fh) regno pulfus fugit, unius aflis
Non unquam prccio pluris licuifTe, notante
Judice, quern, noiii, populo ; qui ftultus konores 15
Saepe dat indignis, et famae Tervit ineptus ;
Qui (lupet in titulis et imaginibus. quid oportct
Nos facere a vulgo ^r/longe longeque remotes?
Mamque eflo ; populus Lac vino mallet henorem

fa) Legionibus imperitarcpt. (h) Regno puUfus fuiCi (c) Longc
kic^ue remotos.

Qusim

( 55 )

SATIRE VI.

To M -ff C E N A S.

Of true nolility.

O Maecenas, neither, tho', of all the * Lydians that
en>er inhabited the Tufcan terrifories, no one i«
of a nobler family than yourielf : neither tho' you have
anceflor's both on father and mothers fide, that in times
pad have had the command of great armies ; do you,
as the generality are wont, tofs up your nofe at obKure
people, fuch as me, who had Mfy a freed-man for my
father : fince you deny that it is of any confequencc,
of what parents any man is born, fo that he be a man
of merit. You perfuade yourfelf wXlYi great truth, that
before the dominion of Tullius, and the f reign of
one born a flave, frequently numbers of men defcend*
ed from anceftors of no rank, have both lived nxjith the
reputation ofm&n of merit, and have been diftinguiihed
by the greateft honours : while on the other hand
Laevinus, the defcendant of that famous Valerius, by
whofe means Tarquinius Superbus fled, being expelled
from his kingdom, was not a farthing more eileemed
en account §f his family^ even in the judgment of the
people, whofe lUfpofition you are perfeHy acquainted
with ; and who frequently foolifhly beflow honours on
the unworthy, and are, out of their flupidity, flaves
to a name ; who are llruck with admiration by in«
fcriptions and ftatues. What then is fittiog for us
to do, who are far, very far removed from the vulgar
in our fentiments t For grant it, that the people had
rather confer a dignity on Lsevinus, than on Decius,^

•

• There is a tradition that the Lydians iu«J<r Tyrrhcnws, the fin of
Hercules, came Into lizly^ and pqffijjedthemfilves of Tyxiczny.
t JgnobUy becaufi Servius TuUius was the fin of ajemak captive,

C 4 who

C 56 )

QuamDecio mandare novo ; cenforque movcrct lo

AppiuSy ingenuo (i non efTem patre natus;

Vel m^rito, quoniam in propria non pcUe quieffem,

Sed fulgente trahit conftri£los gloria curru

Non minus ignotos gcnerofis. faj quo tibi, Tulli,

Sumcre depofitutn clavum,' fierique tribuno ? 2g

Invidia accrevit, privato quae minor cffct.

Nam ut quifque infanus nigris medium impediit crus

Fellibus, et latum demifit pe^ore clavum ;

Audit co'ntinuo ; Quis homo hie eft ? quo patre natus ?

Ut li qui asgrotet quo morbo Barrus, haberi 30

£t cupiat formofus ; eat quacunque^ puellis

Jnjiciat curam quasrendi (ingula ; quali

Sit facie, fura, quali pede, dente, capillo :

Sic qui promittit cives, Urbem fibi curar^

Jmperium fore, et Italianiy et delubra Deoram : 35

Quo patre (it natus, num ignota matre itthonefbis,

Oxnnes mortales curare et quaerere cogit.

Tunc Syri, Dams, aut Dionyfl Alius, audei

Dejicere. e faxo cives, aut tradere CsLdnio ?

At Novius coUega gradu poft mc fedct uno : 40

Nan)que eft ille, pater quod erat meus. hoc tibi Paulus^

£t Meflala videris ? at hie, (1 ploftra ducenta,

Concurrantque foro tria funera, magna fonabit

Comua quod vincatque tubas : faltem tenet hoc nos*

(^J <^o m TiJU.

^vs^

Nunc

( 57 )

who is a * new maix ; and the cenfor Appius would
expel me the fcnate-houfc^ becaufc 1 was not fprung
from a fire of diilindion ; and'that too deljprvedly : in-
afmuch as I refted not content in my own condition.
'Bwx.ya glory captivates in her dazzling car the obfcurc
as clofety fetterM as thofe of nobler birth. What, would
it profit you, O TuUius, to refume that robe that you
i\3ere forced\o lay alide, and become a tribune again f
Envy increafed upon you, which had been lefs, if you
had remained in a private ftation. For when any
crazy fellow has once laced the middle of his leg; with
the fable bu&ins, and hath let flow the purple. robe
from his breaft, he immediately hears ; " Who is this
** man ? Whofe fon is he ? ' Jufl as if there be any
one who labours- under the fame diftemper as Barrus
does, and is ambitious of being reckoned handfome;
let him go- where he will, he excites a curiofity a-
mongft the girls of enquiring into particulars ; as .what
fort of face, leg, what fort ol* foot, teeth, hair he has ?
Thus he w^ho engages tohis/W/otu citizens, to take
ogre of the city, the empire, and Italy, and the fanc-
tuaries of the Gods, forces every mortal to be folici-
tuous,, and to interrogate, from what fire he is de-
fcended, or whether he is bafe by the obfcurity of his
mother. What do you the fon of a f Syrus, a Dama^
or aDionyfius, dare to caftdown the ci^^izens of Rome
from the Tarpeian rock, or deliver them up to Cad-
mus the executioner f ^xxt^ you may fay ^ my coUeguc
Novius fits below me by one dfegree : for he is only
what my father was. And . therefore do you efteem
yourielf a Paulus or a Meflala ? But he (No'viusJ if
two hundred carriages, and three funerals were to
meet in the Forum, could make % noife enough to
drown all their horns and trumpets : this kind of me-
rii at lead has its weight with us.

* N0VU8 homo, literally c new man, tuas a term of refrca:hfor
Mn ohfcut e perforif or one that nuai thejirji great man of his family,

+ Names ofjlavcs,

+ Hadfucbafirength ofvoice. Noife is apt t6 take with the vul-
gdTi and thus ht was rajftd, by no other merit, to honours in the fate »

C c Now

( 58 )

Nunc ad me redeo libertino patrc natum ; 45 .

Quem roduntomncs libertino patre natum.
NunCy quia, Maecenas, tibi fim convi£lor; at olim,
Q^od mihi pareret legio Romana tribune.
DiHimile hoc illi eft : quia non, ut forfit honorem
Jure mihi invideat quivis, ita te quoque amicum ; ^O
Praefertim cautum dignos aflumere, prava
Ambitione procul. feliccm dicere non hoc
Me pofliim, cafu quod te fortitus amicum :
fajNuWsi etenim tibi me forsobtulit. optimus olim
Virgilius, poft hunc Varius, dixere quid eflem. 55
Ut veni coram ; fingultim pauca locutus,
(Infans namque pudor prohibcbat pluraprofari)
Non ego me claro natum patre, non ego circum
Me Saturciano ve6^ari rura caballo,
Scd, quod cram, narro : rcfpondcs (ut tuus eft mos)
Pauca : abeo : et revocas nono poft menfc, jubefque 61
Bfl'e in amicorum numero. magnum hoc ego duce,
Quod placui tibi, qui turpi fecemis honeftum,
Non patrc praeclaro, fed vita ct pe£bore puro*

Atqui ii vitiis mediocribus ac mea paucis 65

Mendofa eft natura, alioqui re6ta ; (^velut fi
Egrcgio infperfos reprendas corpore naevos)
Si neque avaririam, neque fordes, ac mala iuftra
Objiciet vere quifquam mihi ; purus et infons,
(Ut me collaudemj fi et vivo cams amicis ; 70

Caufa fidt pater his : qui macro pauper agello

(aj Nulla etenim mihi te.

Noluit

( 59 )

I

Now I return to myfelf, who am dcfccnded from a
freed-man ; whom every body nibbles at, as being de-
fcended from a freed-man* Now t^ey do it^ becaufe,
Maecenas, I am a conflant guefl of yours ; but for*
merly ihey did it^ becaufe a Roman legion was under
my command, as being then a military tribune. This
J latter cafe is different from the former : for tho* any
perfen perhaps might juftly envy me that poft of ho-
nour, vyct could he not do lb with regard to your be-
ing my friend ; efpecially as you are 'v^ryx cautious to
admit »nly fuch as are worthy oiyour efiecm ; and arc
far from having any finifter ambitious vleivs in /elicit^
ing it. I cannot ijeckon myfelf a lucky fellow on this
account, nfi%. that 'twas by accident that I got you for
my friend ; for no kind of accident threw me in your
wayr That beft of men, Virgil, long ago, and after
him Varius, told you what I was. When firft I came
into youi* prefence, I fpoke only a few words in a brok-
en manner; (for childifti bafhfulnefs hindered me from
fpeakingmore) I did not pretend to tell you that I was
the iffue of an illuftrious father : 1 did not ^r^rrrn^ that
1 rode about the country /^^r, about my country eilate)
on a * Satureian horfe, but plainly tell what I really
was : you anfwer (as your cuflom is) a few words : I
depart : and you re-invite me after the ninth month,
and command «f^ to be in the number of your friends*
I efteem it a ftngular honour^ that I pleafed you, who
diftinguifh probity from bafenefs, not by the illuflri-
oufneis of a father, but by the purity of heart and the
manner of living.

But if my difpoiition be culpable for a few faults,.
and thofe mall ones, and is otherwife perfe6t j (as if
you ihould condemn moles fcattered over a beautiful
ikin) if no one can juflly lay to my charge avarice,
nor fordidnefs, nor impure purfuits ; if, in fine ^ (to
fpeak in my own praife) I live undefiled, and innocent,
and d^ar to my friends ; my father was the caufe. of
all this ; who, tbo* a poor man on a lean farm, was

* Satureium, w Saturum, was a town or di/iri& in Calabria, near
Tarentam^ fttiaus for the breed ofhorfes.

C 6' unwil-

( 6o )

Noluk in Flavi ludum me mittere ; magoi

Quo pueri inagnis e centurionibus orti,

Lsevo fufpenfi loculf s tabulamque laccrto,

Ibant o£):onis referentes Idlbus aera ; 7 j

Scd puerum eil aufus Romajn portarC) docendum, .

Artes, quas doceat quivis eques atqiie fenator

Semct progiiatos. vcilem, fervoibue fequeiKes

In magno ut populo fi quis vidiflet ; avita

£x re prseberi fumtus mihi crederet illos* 80

Ipfe mihi cuftos incorruptinimus omnes

Circum do6tores aderat. quid muUa ? pudicum

(Qui primus virtutis honos) fcrvavit ab omni

Non folum fa£^o^ verum opprobrio quoque turpi :

Nee timuit fibi ne vitio quis verteret, olim 85

Si prseco parvas aut (ut fuit ipfe) coaiEtor

Mercedes fequerer ; neque ego eflem queftus. (a J ob

hoc nunc •

Laus illi debetur, et a me gratia major.
Nil me poeniteat ianum patris hujus : eoque -
Non, ut magna dolo fa£lum negat eHe fuo pars, 90
Quod non ingenuos habeat clarofque parentes.
Sic me deFendam. longe mea difcrepat. iflis
£t vox et ratio, nam fi natura juberet
A certis annis acvum remcare pcra£lum,
Atque alios legere ad faftum quofcunque parentes 95
Optaret fibi quifque : meiscontentuS, honeftos
Fafcibus et fcllis noUem mihi fumere ; demens
Judicio vulgi, fanus fortaffe tuo ; quod
NoUem onus^ haud unquam folitus, portare moleftum. '
Nam mihi continuo major qu^trendaforet res, 100
Atque falutandi plures ; ducendus et unus
£t comes alter, uti.ne folus rufve peregrevo

(a) Ad haec nunc.

Exirem ;

( 6i )

unwilling to fend, me to a country fchool under the per
dant Flavius, where great boys fprung from, great
centurions, having their fatchels and copy-book fwung
over their left arm, went with money in their hands
the very day it was due ; but had the fpirit to bring
me, as yet a child, to Rome, to be taught thofe arts
which any Roman knight and ienator can teach his
own children. That if any perlbn hadconlidered my,
drefs, and the flaves that attended nfie in fo populous
a city ; he would have concluded that thofe expences
were fupplied to me out of fome great hereditary eftate.
He himfelf, of all others the mofi faithful guardian,
was conftantly about every one of my preceptors. But
why ihould I multiply words ? He preferved me chaile
(which is the fir ft honour of virtue) not only from is very
aftual guilt, but likewife from every foul imputation :
nor was he afraid left any ftiould turn it to his reproach,
if I fliould come to follow a bufinefs attended with-
fmall profits, in capacity ''of an auctioneer, or (what he^
was himfelf) a tax-gatherer. t:^ov .fhad that heen the
cafe J fhould I hav6 complained. On this account the
morepraife is due to him, and from me a greater de-
gree of gratitude. As long as I am in my fenfes, I
can never be afliamed of fuch a father a's this : and
therefore fhall not apologize £or my Birth^ in the man-
ner that numbers cfo, by denying it to be a fault of
theirs. My language and way of thinking is remotely
different from fuch perfons. For if nature was to
make us from a certain term of years to go over our
paft time again, znd fuffer us to chufe other parents,
fuch as every man for oftentation's fake would wifhfor
himfelf, I, content with my own, wou'd not afTume
thofe that are honoured with the cnfigns and feats of
iftate ; for this Ijhouldfeem a madman in the opinion
of the mob, but in your's, I hope, a man of fenfe ;
becaufej would be unwilling to fuftain a troublefome
burden, being by no means ufed to it. For I muft
then immediately fet about acquiring a larger fortune, ^
and more people muft be complimented ; and this and
that companion muft abways be taken along, th^t I
could neither take a jaunt into the country, or a jour-
ney

. ( 62 )

Exirem ; plures calones atque caballi
Pafccndi ; ducenda petorrita. nunc mihi curto
Ire licet muk>, vel, fi libct, ufque Tarentum ; roj
Mantica cui lumbos onere ulcerec, atque eques armos.
Objiciet nemo fordes mihi, (a) quas tibi, Tulli,
Cum Tiburte via prsetorum quinque fequuntur
'Te paeri, lafanum portantes oenophorumque.
Hoc ego commodius, quam tu, praeclare fenator, i zo
Millibus atque aliis vivo* quacunque libido ell^
Incedo folus : percontor quanti olus, ac far :
Fallacem Circum, vefpertmumque pererro
Saepe Fomm : afliflo divinis : mde domum me
Ad porri et ciceris refero laganique catinum. X i|^
Ccena miniflratur pueris tribu$ : et lapis albus
Pocula cum cyatho duo fudinet : addat echinus
Vilis, cum patera guttus, Campana fupellex.
Deinde eo dormitum ; non folicitus, mihi quod eras
Surgendum fit mane, obeundus Marfya^ qui fe 1 20
Vultum fcrre negat Npviorum pofie minoris.
Ad quartam jaceo : poft hanc.vagor, aut /^^^ ego leflx)^
Aut Tcripto quod me taciturn juvet. ungor olivo,
Non quo fraudatis immundus Natta lucernis.
Aft ubi me fefTum fol acrior ire lavatum 125

Admonuity ^r^Tugio rabiofi tempora iigni«
Pranfus non avide, quantum interpellet inani

(a) Quas tibi Tilli. (b) l^o, Icdo aut (cripto ^uod me taci-
turn juvet, iftigor Olivo, DiJ^rent hac vtrba^ inparttcipia Migrans-
tia, f unique Abl. cafui abfol, pof^ AlW J. (c) Campum. lulumaue
trigonem.

Ventre

( .63 )

ney bv myfelf ; more domeilicks and more horfes muit
be fed ; coaches too muft be drawn in train* Now, if
I pleafe I can go as far as Tarentum on my bob-
taii'd mule, whde loins the portmanteau gaUs with
its weight, as does the awkward horfeman his (houl-
ders. Tetj for all tbisy no one can lay to my charge
fuch fordidnefs as he may, Tullius, to you, when five
flaves follow you, a praetor, along the Tiburtian way,
carrying a travelling kitchen, and a * veffel of wine.
Thus 1 live more comfortably, O illuftnous fenator,
than you, and than thoufands of others. Wherever I
have a fancy, I walk by myfelf: I enquire into the
price of herbs and bread : I traverfe the f tricking
CiFcus, and the Forum often in the evening : I ftand
liflening amongft the fortune-tellers : thence I take
myfelf home to a plate of onions, pulfe, and pan-
cakes. My fupper is ferved up by three flaves : and
a white flone Jlah fupports two cups and a tumbler ;
near them ftands a homely ewer, and a cruet with a
little bowl, dU earthen ware from Campania. Then
I go to xt& ; by no means concern 'd becaufe I mufi
rife in the morning, and pay a vifit to the fiatue of
% Marfyas, who ahfolutely difclaims that he is able to
bear the look of the younger Novius. I lie a-bid to
the fourth hour : after that I take a ramble, or I wi ite
or read what may amufe me in my privacy. I am a-
nointed with oil, but not with fuch as the nafly nig-^
j^^r^ Natta is, when he robs the lamps. But when
the fun, become more violent, has reminded me to
go to bathe, I efcape the hour of his fcorching in«
fluence. Having dined in ^temperate manner, ]vSk'
enough to hinder me from having an empty fiomach

♦ In order to prevent the expence ofjloppir^g at the inns.
-f The re/ort of the cheating aitgurs andjortune-tellcrs*
J* The Jtatue of Marfyas, thefatjr^ who contended with Apollo,
dndwas Juried fir his prejitrnption, was ereSedin theForuntf oppojife^
the feat of the maF'iftratis; and the poet pleajanfly goes on to fay ^ it flood
fhfuch an attitude yasfbeived its indignation to beboid a man, who had
been aflceve, now fitting among the magiflratfS of Rome. The fat ^r^
in his refentment at fuch ajight, forgets the pain of his being fiay*d
aiive» "This was iitewife the ufual place ofbanktrs^

during

(. 64 )

Ventre diem durare, domefticus ptior. haec eft
Vitafolutorum mifera ambitione gravimie.
His me confolor, vifturum fuavius, ac U 130

Quaeflor avus, pater atqiie meus f atruufque fuiflent.

S A T Y R A VII.

Rnpittl et Perjti rixam facete defer ib it ^

PRofcripti Regis Riipili pus at que veneniun
Hybrida quo padto fit Ferfius uitus, opinor
Omnibus et lippis notum ettonforibuseiJc.
Ferfius hie permagna negotia dives habebat
Clazomenis, etiara litcs cum Rcgc moleftas ^ . 5
Durus horno, at que odio qui poiiet vincere Regem ;
Confidensy tumidus, adeo fermonis amari,
Sifennas, Barros ut equis prsecurreret albis.

' Ad Regem redeo. pofiquam nihil inter utrumque
Convenit ; (hoc etenim font osnnes jure moiefii, 10
Quo fortes, quibus adverfum belhim incidit. inter
He^ora Priamidenp, animofum atque inter Achillem
Ira fuit capitalis, ut ultima divideret mors 5
Non aliam ob caufam, nifi quod virtus in utroque
Surama fuit, duo fi fa J difcordia vexet inertcs ; 1 5

•

(a) Pifcoriia verific ]Ame&*

4^mt

( 6s y

during the rejt of the day, I trifle in my own houfe»
This is the life of thofe, who are free from wretched
and burthenfome ambition : with fuch things as thefe
I comfort myfelf, in a way to live more delightfully
than if my grandfather had been a quseftor*, and f|a«
ther and uncle too.

SATIRE VII.

He bumourovjly' defcrihes afquahhU betwixt Rufilius and

Perfius^

IN what manner the f mongrel I*erfius revenged the
filth and venom of Rupihu9, furnamed King, is,
I think, known to all the blind and barbers in Rome.
This Perfius,* being a man of fortune, had a very great
bufinefs at- J Ciazomene, and, 'into the bargain, cer-
tain troublefome litigations with King ; a hardened
fellow^ and one virho wsfs able to exceed even King ia
virulence ; confident, bluflering, and of fuch a bitter-
nefs of fpeech, that he would out-ftrip the || Sifennae
and Barri,'if ever fo well equipt § for thefurpnfe,

Butl return to King. After nothing could be fet-
tled betwixt them; (for people amongft whom adverfe
war breaks out, are pfoportionably vexatious on the
fame account as they are brave. Thus between Hec-^
tor, the fon of Priam, and the high -fpiri ted Achilles,
the rage wad of fo capital a nature, that only the final
deftrudlion of one of them^ could determine it ; and
this on no other account than that valour in each of
them was confummate. If difcord fets two cowards
to work ; or if an engagement happens between two
* - ■* •

• The quaejiorjhip was a place of great honour and profit.

+ Perfius was a Greek by his father, and Mn Italian by his ««•*
iher,

X ^ city of the lejjer Afia. .

11 Stii^nvix and 'Bzxti were infamous in allrefpe^s, but efpecially for
virulence of fpeech,

§ On white horfes^ m provtrbial expreffion: white horfes were
deemed thefwiftefi.

that

r 66 )

Aut fi difparibus bellutn incidat, ut Diomecti
Cum Lycio Glauco ; difcedat pigrior, ultra
Munenbus midis] Bruto praetore tenente
Ditem Afiam, Rupili et Perfi par pugnat ; uti non
(a) CompoGtus melius cum Bitho Bacchius. in jus
Acres procurrunt ; magnum fpe^laculum uterque.

FerHus exponit caufam ; ridetur ab omni ^ |

Conventu ; laudat Brutum, laudatque cohortem ;
Solem Afis Brutum appellat, flellafque falubres
Appellat comites, excepto Rege : canem illum^ 25,
Invifum agricolis (idus, veniile: ruebat
Flumen ut hibernuth, fertur quo rara fecuris.

Turn Praencftinus (h) falfo multoque fluent!
ExprefTa arbufto regent convicia, durus .
Vindcmiator, et inviftus, cui faepc viator 30

CefliiTet, magna compellans voce cucuUum,

At Grascus, poftquam e(l Italo perfufus aceto^
Pcrfius, cxclamat : per magnos, Brute, Deos tc
Ore, qui reges confueris tollere, cur non
Hunc Kegem jugulas ? operum hoc, mihi crede, tuo*
rum eft, 35

(a) Com|>ofiti melius* (h) 3alfo multumque fluent! .

S ATYRA

( 67 )

that are not of a match, as * that of t>ioined and the
Lycian Glaucus ; the worfe man will walk off^ buying
his peace by fending prefents) when Brutus held, as
praetor, the fertile Alia, this notahU pair, Rupilius
and Perfius encountered, in fuch a manner, that the
gladiator Bacchius was never better matched with Bi-
thus. Impetuous they hurry to the caufe ; each of
them a fine £ghti

Ferfius firfi opens his cafe ; and is laughed at by all
the affembly ; he extols Brutus, and extols the guard ;
he fliles Brutus the fun of Afia, and his attendants
he fiiles falutary ftars, all except King : that he, he
faysj came like that dog, the confieliation hateful to
hulbahdmen : injborty he pour*d along like a wintry
flood, where the ax feldom comes.

Then upon his running on in fo fmart and fluent a
manner, the Prsenefline King directs fome witticifms
fqueezed from the vineyard, himfelf a hardy vine-
drefT^r, never defeated; to whom the paflenger had
been often obliged to yield, bawling cuckow with roar-
ing voice.

%ut the Grecian Perfius, as foon as he had been w^^
fprinkled with Italian vinegar, bellows out : O Bru-
tus, by the great Gods I conjure you, who art accu-
flomed to take off f kings, why do you not difpatch
this King ? Believe me, this is a piece of work whiqh
of right belongs to you.

* Homer'j Iliad, hook the fourth,

+ It was an hereditary ^hry in tht family of Brutus, fo ahoHfh $/*
ranny and puni/h' tyranti%

S A T 1 R E„

( 68 )

S A T Y R A Villi

Confvtritur Priafnu EfjuiUnum montem veneficarum In-

eantatitnihu mfefiari.

OLIM truncus eram ficulnus, inutile lignum :
Cum faber incertus fcamnum faceret ne Friapum)
Maluit elTe Deum. Deus inde ego, furum aviumque
Maxima formido ; nam furcs dcxtra coercet,
Obfcoenoque ruber porre£lus ab inguine palus : 5
AA importunas volucres in vertice arundo
Terret fixa, vetatque novis coniidere in hortis*
Hue prius angufUs ejc£la cadavera cellis
Confervus vili portanda locabat in arca«
Hoc miferae plebi fbbat commune fepulcrum^ 10
Pantolabo fcurrse, Nomentanoque nepoti.
Millepedes in fronte, trecentos cippus in agrum
Hie dabat ; hercdes monumentum ne fequeretur.
Nunc licet Efquiliis habitare falubribus, atque
Aggere in aprico fpatiari 5 quo faj modo triftes ij
Albi& inforroem fpe^labant o(Bbus agrum :
Cum mihi non tantum furefque, feraeque fuetae
Hunc vexare locum, curse funt atque labori.
Quantum carminibus qusc verfant atque venenis
Humanos animos. has nullo perdere poflum 20

Nee prohibere modo, fimul ac vaga luna decorum
Protulit OS, quin ofla leganf, herbafque nocentcs.

(a) Q^a xxiodo triftes. BentL

Vidi

( 69 )

f

SATIRE Vni;

Priapus complains that the Efquilian mount is infefiei
'voitb the incantations of theforcerejjes,

F FORMERLY I was the trunk pf a wild fig-tree,
an ufelefs log: when the artificer, in doubt whe-
ther he fhould make a ftool or a * Priapus of me, de-
termined at Uft that I (hould be a God. Hencefor-
ward I became a God, the greateft terror of thieves and
birds : for my right hand reftrains thieves, and a
bloody-looking pole is Wretched out from my frightful
middle ; but a reed fixed upon the crown of my head
terrifies the mifchievous birds, and hinders them from
fettling in /;^£/tf new gardens. Before this, the fel-
low-flave bore dead corpfes thrown out of their nar-
row cells to this place, in order to be depofited in pal-
try coffins.. This place flood a common fepulchre for •
the miferable mob, for the buffoon Pantolabus, and
Nomentanus the rake. Here a column affigned a
thoufand feet of ground in front, and three hundred
towards the fields ; that the burial-place fhould not
defcend to the heirs of the eflate. Now one may live
in the Ef<juilisB, fnce it is 'f made an healthy place,
and walk upon an open terrafs j where lately the me-
lancholy pajjengers beheld the ground frightful with
white bones : tho* both the thieves and wild.beafls
ufed to infeft this place, put together^ do not occafion
me fo much care and trouble, as do thefe havs^ that
turn people's minds by their incantations and drugs.
Thefe I cannot by any means deftroy Hor hinder, but
that they will gather bones and noxious herbs^ as fpon
as the fieeting moon has (hewn forth her beauteous
face.

•

* fie was the fan o/* Bacchus and Venus, and prejid^d over, and
nuas a proteSor to the gardens, Infa£ly be was nothing but a Jcare-
trow,

t By Maecenas » ' ^

I my-

( 70 )

A^idt egomet nigra fuccindam vadere palla
Canidiam, pedibus nudis, pafToque capulo,
Cum Sagana majore ululantem. pallor utrafque 25
Fcccrat horrendas afpefhi. fcalpere terram .
XJnguibus, et pullum divellere mordicus agnaxn
CoeperuTit. cruor in foffam confufus, ut inde
Manes clicerent, animas refponfa daturas.
Lanea et effigies erat, altera cerea : major 30

Lanea, quae pocnis compefceret interiorem.
Cerea fupplicitcr ftabat, (a) fcrvilibus, utque
Jam peritura, mad is. Hecaten vocat altera, &vam
Altera Tifiphonen. ferpentes, atque videres
Infernas errare canes ; lunamque rubentem,
Ne foret his teftis, pofl magna latere fepulcra.
Mentior at fi quid, merdis caput ihquiner albis
Corvorum ; atque in me veniant miftum atque caca*

tum
Julius, et fragilis Pediatia, furque Voranus*
Singula quid memorem ? quo pa£ho alterna loquentcs
Umbrae cum Sagana rcfonarent/'^/trifteetacutum?4i
Utque lupi barbam variae cum dente colubrae
Abdiderint.furtim terris, et imagine cerea
Largior arferit ignis ? et ut non teAis inultus
Homierim voces Furiarum et fada duarum ? 45

Nam, difplora fonat quantum verfica, pepedi
DifHfla nate ficus. at illae currere in urbem ;
Canidiae dcntes, ahum Saganae caliendru^^
Excidere, atque herbas, atque incantata laqejrti?
Vincula, cum magno rifuque jocoque videres. 50

(a) Servilibus ttt qux4 (b) Refonanat. Bm\U

S A T Y R A

( 71 )

I myfelf fkw Canidia, with her fable garment tucked
tip9 walk with bare feet and diihevelled hair, yelling
together with the elder Sagana. Falenefs had ren-

•^erM each of them horrible to behold. They began
to claw np the earth with their nails, and to tear a
black ewe-lamb to pieces ^ith their teeth* The blood
was poured into a ditch, that from thence they nught.
charm out the (hades of the dead, ghofts that were to
give them anfwers. There was a woollen effigy too,
another of wax ; the woollen one larger, which was to
ivkfllQ. fame fort ^punifliment on thelittle one'^wtfiT.
.The waxen flood in a fuppliant poflure, as ready to
periih in a ferviie manner. One of the hags invokes
Hecate, and the other fell Tifiphone. Then might
you fee ferpents and infernal bitches crawl about them ;
^nd the moon with blufhes withdrawing behind the
lofty monuments, that fhe might not be a witnefs to
thefe it^amous doings.-^Bvitit 1 lie, even a tittle, about
this ^air^ may my head be contaminated with the
white filth of ravens ; and may Julius, and the effemi-
nate Mifs Fediatius, and the knave Voranus come to
urine upon me, and befoul me. Why ihould I men*
tion every particular ? wz* in what manner, fpeaki>

• ing alternately with Sagana, the ghofls uttered difmal
and piercing fhrieks ; and how cTandeftinely they hid
in the earth a wolPs beard, with the teeth of a fpotted
foake ; and haw great a blaze flamed forth froin the

. waxen image ? And how I was fhock<sd at the voices
and actions of thefe two furies, a ipe6tator however by
no means incapable of revenge ? For from my * cleft
bum of fig-tree I let a fart, which made as great an
explofion as a burflen bladder. But they immediatcfy
ran into the city : and tben^ with exceeding laughter
and .diverfidn might you have ieen Canidia*s artificial
teeth, and Sagana's towering tete of fdfe hair falling
ctf, and the herbs, and the inchanted bracelets from
her arms.

♦ The wood of which he nuas made, mt hting perfeSly dry^ his
g^d/hip burft : the witches took thexrackjiir what 3>epoet Joys it was,
and the god boaftsf as ajignalmark of his vengeance,

SATIRE

( 74 )

J

\ 'S A T y R A IX.

^uantas ah importuni hominis hquacitait e^orhendas ia*

hwrit moltfi.'tau

I BAM (a) forte via facra» ficut mcus cfl naos,
Nefcio quid meditans nugarum, et totus in iUis»
Accurrit quidam notus mibi nomini tantum ;
.Arreptaque xnanUyQutdagia, dtilcifEme revum ?
.Su^aviter, ut nunc ell, inquam ; et cupio omnia quae

vis* .. . : i

Cam alTe&aretur ; numquid vis ? occupo. atille,
Noris 1108, inquit : dodi fumus. Hie ego, Fluris
Hoc, inquato, mihi cris^ Miferedifccdcre^quserens,
vli'e modo ocius, interdum conflilere, in aurem
Dicere nefcio quid puero. cum fudor ad imos z6

Manaret talos ; O tCj.BoUanc, cerebri. .
Fplicem, aiebam tacitus. cunf qtiidlibet ille
Garriret, vicos, urbem laudaret ; ut illi
Nil refpondebam; miferc cupis, inquit, abire: -
Jamdudum video : fed nil agis : ufque tencbo : : 15
(h) Perfequar hinc, quo. nunc, iter .eft tibi ? nil opui

ell te , :

Circujmagi ; quondam volo vifere non tibi notum :
Trans Tiberim longe cubat is, propc Csfaris hortos*
Nil habeo quod agao), et hon fumpiger; ufquc fe*-

quar te. , r ' •

Demitto auriculas, utiniq'uae mentis afellus, 30

Cum gravius dorfo fubiit onus, incipit ille :
Si bene me novi, non Vlfcura pluris amicum,
Von Varium facies ; nam quis me fcribcrc piures

(m) Ibam iit forte vU facra. BcntU (h) Profe^uar hinc*

Attt

( 73 )
SATIRE IX,

He defer Ihi his fufferings from the hquacitj of em hnptv

tincntfelUw.

IWas accidentally going along the Via Sacra, me-
ditating on fome trifle or other, as is my cuiloniy
and totally intent npon it. A certain perfon, known
to me by name only, runs up ; and having feized mjr
handy ** How do you do, my deareft man alive ?" To-
lerably well, fays 1, as times go ; and I wi(h^<>u every
thing you can defire. When / perceinted he fill fol-
lowed me ; ^ Would you any thing ? fays I to him.
But he, " * You know me, fays he : 1 am a man of
*' learning," Upon this account, fays I, you'll have
more of my efteem. Wanting fadly to gtt away from
him, fometimes 1 walked on ^pace, now and then I
ftopt, and whifpered fomething to my bay. Wh«n
the fweat ran down to the bottom ef my ancles j O,
fays 1 to myfelf, f Bollanus, how happy are you in a
head-piece ! Meanwhile he kept pratmg on any thiog
that came uppermoft, praifed the greets, the city%
and when I made him no anfwer ; " You want terribly
*' fays he, to get away : I perceived it long ago : but
** you are never the nearer : I (hall ftick clofe to you;
** rihall follow you hence : where are you at preient
*' bound for ?" There i« no need for your being car-
ried fo niuch about : I want to fee a perfon who is
unknown to you ; he lives a greater way offacrofs the
Tiber, yot^ by Caefar's gardens. ** I have nothing to
*' do, arid am not lazy; I will attend you thither.'*
I hang down my ears like a furly afs, when an heavier
load than ordinary is put upon his back. He begins
again : " If I am tolerably acquainted with myfelf,
** you will notefleem Vifcus,.or Varius, as a friend,
•* more than me; for who can write more verfes, or
** in a (horter time than I ? Who can move his limbs

♦ Or, butf fays he^ you kifrnf me.

+ Ndthingis recorded of hiwy but that be nvas either a very choleric
w a very Jiupld fellow. The httir fenfe Is p-eferred*

Vol. II. D ** with

(74)

Aut citius poflit vcrfus ? quis membra movere
MoUius ? invideatquod & Hermogenies, ego canto 2^

InterpellandL locus hie erat : eft tibi mater,
Cognaii, queis te falvoeft opus? Haud mibi quifquam :
Omnes compofui. Felices ! nunc ego refto.
Confice : namque inftat fatum mihi trifte, Sabella,
Quod puero cecinit divina mota anus urna : 30

Hunc neque dira venena, nee hofticus auferet ends.
Nee laterum dolor, aut tuflis, nee, tarda podagra ;
Garrulus hunc quando confumet cunque : loquaces.
Si fapiat, vitet, iimul atque adoleverit aetais*

Ventum erat ad Veftae, quarta jam parte diei 35
Practerita : & cafu tunc refpondcre faj vadato
Debebat ; quod ni fecifTet, perdere litem.
Si me am as, inquit, paulum hie ades« Inteream^ fi
Aut valeo flare, aut novi civilia jura :
£t propero quo fcis. Dubius Turn, quid faeiam inquit ;
Tene relinquam, an rem. Me fodes. Non faeiam, ille ;
£t prsecedere eoepit. ego (ut contendere durum eft
•Cum vi3ore) iequor. Maecenas quomodo tecum ?
Hinc repetit. Paucorum homihum, et mentis bene

fanae.
Nemo dexterius fortuna eft ufus. haberes 4 j

Magnum adjutorem, poftet qui ferre fecundas,
Hunc homincm velles fi tradere : difptream, ni
SummofTes om'nes^ f'^J Non ifto vivitur illie.
Quo tu rere modo : domus hac nee purior uUa eft.
Nee magis his aliena malis. fcj nil mi officit inquam
• Ditiorhic, aut eft quiado6):ior; eft locus uni

/'fl;Vada«38. Bcnti. ^^; Non ifto vivimusillic. ^c^ Nil mi
•fficit un^uaxn.

Cuique

( 75 )

^* ivith fofter grace in the dance f And then i fing, that
** even Hermogenes may envy me.**

Here there was an opportunity of interrupting him ;
have you, Sir^ a mother, or any relations, that are
interefled in your welfare ? *' Not one have I : I have
** buried them all.*' Happy they! now I remain.
Diipatch me : for the fatal moment is at hand, which
an old Sabine forcerefs, having fhaken her divining
urn, foretold when I was a boy : *' This chiid^ neither
** fiiall cruel poifon, nor the hoftile fword, nor the
••crippling gout, nor pleurify, nor cough deflroy;
•• a babbler fhall one day demolifh him : if he is wile,
•• let him avoid talkative people, as foon as he comes
** to man's eftate."

One fourth of the day being now paft, we came to
Vefla's : and, as good luck would have it, he was
obliged to appear to his recognizance ; which unlefs
he did, hemu/l have loft his caufe. ** If you love me,
•* fays he, ftep in here a little." May I die, if I be
either able to ftand it out, or have any knowledge of
the civil laws : and befides, I am in a hurry, you
know whither. *• lam in doubt what I lliall do, fays
** he ; whether defert you, or my caufe." Me, I beg '
of you, Sir, ** I will not do it," fays he, and began
to take the lead of me. I (as it |s difficult to contend
with one's mafter) follow him. " How ftands it with
•' Maecenas. and you?" Thus he begins his prate
again. ** He's one of few intimates, and of a veiy
** wife way of thinking. No man ever made ufe of
*• opportunities with more cleverncfs. You (hould
•* have a powerful affiftant, who could play an under-
** part, if you were difpofed to recommend * this man :
•* may I perifh, if you wou'd not fupplant all the
*• reft.*' We do not live there in the manner you
imagine : there is not a houfe'z« Rome that is freer or
more remote from evils f of this nature. It is ne\'er
of any diflervice to me, that any particular perfon is
wealthier or a better fcholar than I am :' every indi«

* Tiontin^ to himW,

t Family broils anajcaloujics*

D z vidual

( 76 )

Cuique fuus. Magnum narras, vix credibne, Atqui
Sichabet. Accendis^quare cupiam magisilli
Proximus cfle. Vclis tantummodo : quae tua virtus,
Expugnabis : ct eft qui vijici poflTit; tfoquc j^

Diniciles aditus primos habet. Haud mibi deero :
Muneribus fervos corrumpam ; non, hodie (i
Exclufus fucro, dcfiftam ; tcmpora quaeram ; -
Occurram in triviis ; dcducam. nil line magno
Vita labore dedit mortallbus. Hacc dum agit, ccce 60
Fufcus Ariftius occurrit, mihi cams, ct ilium
Qui pulcbrcnoflct, confiftimus. Undevcnis? ct
Ouo tendis ? rogat, et refpondet. vellcre coepi,
Etprenfare manulentiffima brachia, nutans,
Diuorquens oculos, ut me eriperet. male falfus. 65
Ridens diflimulare : meum jecur urere bilis*
Certe nefcio quid fecrelo vcUc loqui te
Aiebas mecum« Memini bene ; led meliori
Tempore dicam : hodie trice fima fabbata. vin' tu
Curtis Judaiis oppedere ? Nulla mihi, inquam, - 70
Religio eft. At mi: fum paulo infirmior, unus
Multorum, ignofces : alias loquar. Hunccine (blem
Tarn nigrum furrexc mihi ? Fugit improbus, ac mc
Sub cultro linquit. cafu venit obvius illi
Adverfarius : et, Quo tu, turpi {fime ? magna 75

Excia-

( 77 )

victual has his proper rank. " You tell me a marvelr
** lous thing, fcarcely ciedible." But it is even fo.
*' You the more inflame my defires to be near his per-
** fon." You need only to be inclined to it : fuch is
your merit, you will accomplifh it : and he is vefy
capable of being won ; and on that account the firit
accefs to him he makes difficult. " I will not be want-
** ing tomyfelf : I will corrupt his fervants with pre-
" fents; ir lam excluded to-day, 1 will notdeiift; I
** will feek pr4fper opportunities ; I will meet him in
** the public flreets ; I will wait upon him home.
•* This world allows nothing to mortals without great
** labour." While he was running on at tKk rate, lo,
Fufcus Aridius comes up, a dear friend of mine, and
one who knew the fellow well. We make a llop.
** Whence come you ? Whither are you going?" He
diks and anfwers. 1 began to twitch him hy tht elhw^
and to take hold of his arms t/jat ^creaffeBedly pailive,
nodding and difkorting my eyes, that he might refeue
me. Cruelly arch he laughs, and pretends not to
take the hint ; anger galled my liver. Certainly,
Jkiys /, Fufcus^ you mentioned, that you wanted to
communicate fomething io me in private. ^^ I re«
• ^ member it very well ; but will tell you at a better
** opportunity : to day is the thirtieth * fabbath.
** Would you affront the circumcifed Jews ?" I re-
ply, that I4iad no fcruple of confcience 9n that account •
^* But I have: I am fomething weaker, one of the
*^ multitude. You muft forgive me : 1 will fpeak with
** you at another time." And hath this fun arofe fo
difaflrous upon roe ? The wicked rogue runs away,
and leaves me under the harrow. But hy good, luck
his adverfary met f him : and " whither are you go*
ing^ you infamous fellow ?" roars he with a loud

♦ nifejevrz began their year thejirjt of September^ nndcehhrated
their Fajfover about the middle ojApn\, at the expiration of thirty
weeks. It continued eight de^Sy the two firfi andt^olaft of whichp
it was not permitted ammn^ U>pn even to talk upon kujinefs.

f JU imptrtinffit fellow ^

J> 3 voice

< 78 ).

Exclamat voce : ct, Licet antcftari ? Ego vcro
Oppono auriculam. rapit in jus: clamor utrincjue^
Undique concurfus. fic me fervavit Apollo*

S A T Y R A X.

Suum de Lucillo judicium iuetur^ l^ egregia fcrlhenddrum ,
' fatyrarum fracepta afpergit*

s

NEMPE incompofito dixi pcdc currcrc verfus
Lucili. quis tam Lucili fautor ii^epte eft,
Ut non hoc fateatur ? at idem, quod fale multo
Urbem dcfricuif , charta laudafur eadem,
Kec tamen hoc tribuens, dedetim quoque cxtera;
nam fic ' 5

Et Laberi mimos, ut pulchra poemata, mirer*
Ergo non fatis efl rifu diducere n6lum
Auditoris : et eft qusedam tameh hie quoque virtus*
Eft brevitate opus, ut currat fententia, neu fe
Impediat verbis lafTas onerantibus aures : 16

Et fermone opus eft, modo trifti, faepe jocofo,
Dcfcndcnte vicem modo rhctoris, atque poeta;,
Interdum urbani parcentis viribus, atque
Extenuantis eas confulto. ridiculum acri
Fortius et melius magnas plerumque fecat res. ij

I Hi, fcripta quibus comosdia priica v iris eft
Hoc ftabant| hoc funt imitanoi ; quos neque pulcher

Henno*

( 79 )

voice : And, ** do you wjtnefs thcarrcft?'* I tnftantfy
* aiTent. He hurries Tiim into court : there is a great
clamour on both (ides', and a mob came up from all
parts. Thus Apollo preferved me. ,

SATIRE X.

Hefupports the judgment he had h/bre gt'ven of hucWms^
and interfperfesjome excellent precepts for the ivriting
Satire.

TO be fure I did + fay that the veries of Luciliu*
did not run fmoothly. Who is fo foolifhiy fond
of Lucilius, that he would not owti this ? But the
fame ^vjriter is applauded iu the fame fatire, on ac-
count of his having laihed the town with great humour.
Nevertbelefs, granting him this, I wiU not therefore
give up other confiderations : for at that ratd I might
even admire the farces of Laberius, .as fine poems.
Wherefore it is by no means fufficicnt to make an au-
ditor grin with laughter : and yet there is fome degree
of merit even in this. There is a concifenefs requifite,
that the fentence may run offy nor embarrafs itfelf in
a multiplicity of words, that overload the fated car :'
and fometimes a grave, frequently a jocofe ftile is nc-
ceffary, fupporting the character one while of the ora-
tor, and at another of the poet, now and then that of a
graceful rallier, that curbs the force of his pleafantry^
and weakens it on purpofe. For ridicule often decides
matters of importance moreefiedtually, and in abet-
ter manner, than the fevere. Thofe poets by whom
the ancient comedy was wrote. Hood upon this foun'
dation^ and in this are they worthy of imitation ;
whom neither the fmooth-faded Hermogenesever read,

• Uterally, " I offer my eer ** for the pcrfan to touchy which was a
particular form on/ thefe Occafions, and tuitho'tt which theficrfon called
en was not obliged to appear. The reajon of this Pliny gives^ Eft in
flare ima memoriaB locus, quam tangentes attefVamur.

+ See Satire the fourth of this hook, verfi the eleventh,-

X> 4 nor

( 80 )

Hermogenei unquam legit, neque fimius iflt)
Nil prseter Calvum et doNftus cantare CatuUum*

At magnum fecit, quod verbis CrsecaLatinis io
IMifcuit. O feri fludiorum ! quine putetis
Di^cile et mirum, Rhodio quod Picholeonti
Contigit ? At fermo lingua concinnus utraque
Suavior, ut Chio nota ii commifta Falerni eft.
Cum verfus facias, teipfum percontor, an, et cum 2^
Dura tibi peragenda rei fit caufa Petilli,
Scilicet oblitus f^aj patriseque patrifque, Latine
Cum Pedius caufas exfudet, Poplicola, atque
Corvinus ; patrii« intermifcere petita
Verba foris malis, Canufini more bilinguis ? 3a

Atqui ego cum Grsecos facerem, natus mare citrai
Verficulos ; vetuit me tali voce Quirinua
Pofi mediam no£tem vifus, cum fomnia vera :
In iilvap[) non ligna feras infanius, ac fi
Magnas Grareortun mails implere catervas. 35

Turgidus Alpinus jugulat dum Memnona, .diunque
^^^.Diffingit Rheni luteufn caput, haec ego l^do ;
Qus nee in sedqfonent certantia, Judice Tarpa,
Nee redeant iteruip atque iterum ipeAanda theatris*
Arguta meretrice potes, Davoque Chremeta 40

Eludente fenem, comis garrire libellos,
XJaus viyorum, Fundani : Follio regum

(aj Patriae patri^iie LatiivL (hj Dcfiopt Rheni lutei.

Fa£ia

( 81 )

nor that * babooo who is iktlied in nothing but fing*
ingjhe tvaniim comfefaions &/ C^'vut and Catullus.

But LucimSy fay they^ did a great thing, when he
intermixed Greek words with Latin. O late-learned
Ounces I what do you think that arduous and admir.-
able,which was done by Pitholco the Rhodian > hut fftlU
they cry J the ftile elegantly compofed of both tonguet
is the more pleafant, as if the f Faleruian'wine is
nsixedwithX^hiah. When you make veries, I aik you
this queftion^ were you to undertake the dilRcult caufe
of the % accufed Petillus, whether, for Inf^ance, for-
getful of your country and your father's i^'^ffg^age^
while Fedius, PopMcola, and Corvinus, elaborately
pleaded againO: you in Latin ; would you chufe to
intermix words borrowed from abroad, like the || dou-
ble-tongued Cannfinian ? But as formyfelf, who was
born on this fide the water, when I was upon making
Greek verfes ; Romulus appearing to me after mid-
night, when dreams are tnie, forbad me in words to
this eflfe^ ! ** You couM not be gnilty of more folly
,** by carrying timber into a wood, than if you ^re dc-
** firous to throng in amongft the great croud« of Grc-
** cian writers."

Therefore while the bombaftical Alpines murders
foor% Memnon, and while he deforms the •C muddy
fource of the Rhine, I amufe myfelf with thefeyl*^/Wj ;
which can neither be recited in the temple of Apollo^
as contefting for the prize, when Tarpa prefides as
judge, nor can have a run over and over again repre-
fented in N the theatre. You, O Fundanius, of all
men breathing, are the mofl capable of prattling tales

^ Demetrias, aP'>ct anda^or, very remarkable for his dforxity,

+ One of thefe nvines was fiveet, and the other roughf confequentfy
they drank bcji mixed,

\ See Saline the fourth, verfe nlmty-fo'trth^ of tVrs bok.

11 CanuHum w^/itf /nun o/* Apulia, nvhcjl inhabi'ants were of GrC"
cian extrafiioif and /poke (as a modern won id fay) broken T.atin.

§ The name of aw^e'ched tragedy, wroit by this Alpinus.

ff In his wretched defcrlpt'on of it j the name ofd»e river in the Ccl- '
tic ling '.age f fgnifyi ig pure.

D5

m

( 8» )

JPafia canit pode ter percufTo : forte epos acer,
Ut nemo, Varius ducit : moUe atque facetum
Virgilio annuerunt gaudentes rure Camen?:. 45

Hoc crat, experto fruftra Varrone Ataclno,
Atque quibufdam aliis, melius <|uod fcribere pofiem ;
Inventore minor : neque ego illi detrahere aufioi
Hserentem capiti multa cum laude cpronam.

At dixi fluere hunc lutulentum, faepe ferentem 50
Plura quidem tollenda relinquendis. age, quaelb,
Tu nihil in magno dofi:us reprendis Homero ?
Nil comis tragici mutat Lucilius Acci ?
Non ridet verfus Enni gravitate minores?
Cum de fe loquitur, non ut majore repreniif , 55

Quid vetat et nofmet Lucilt fcripta legentes,
Quaerere num illius, num rerum dura negarit
Verficulos natura magis fados, et euntes
Mollius, aciiquis, pedibus quid claudere Tenia
(Hoc tantum) contentus, amet fcripfiffe ducentos 60
Ante cibum verfus, totidem comatus? Etrufci
Quale fiiit Caffi rapido ferventius amm
Ingenium ; capfis quem fama e(l eife Ubrifque
Ambuftum propriis. fuerit Lucilius,. inquam^
Comis et urbanus ; fuerit limatior idem, 65

Quam

( 83 )

in a comic vein, how an artfiii courtezan, and a Da*
VU8 impofe upon an old Chremes : Pollio fin^ the-
actions of kings in * Iambic meafure : the fublime Va^
rius compofea the manly Epic, in a manner that no one
can e^ual: And to Virgil th^e mufcs that- delight ia
rural fcenes have granted the f , delicate and the ele-
gant. It was this kind offatiric iniritingy the Ataci-
nian Varro and fome others having attempted it with-
out fuccefs, which I may have fome (light merit in ;
inferior to the inventor : nor would I prefume to pull
off the laurel crown, placed upon his orow Wit\\ fucb
great applaufe.

But I faid that he flowed muddily, frequently car-
rying along more things which certainly ought to be
taken away than left. Be it fo ; do you, who are a
great fcholar, find no fault with any thing in the great
Homer, I pray ? Does the facetious LuciTius make no
alterations in the tragedies of Accius ? Does not tbt
fame foet ridicule many of Ennius's veries, which are
too light for the gravity ^f the fuhjeH t When at the
Jame time he fpeaks of himfelf, by no means as fuperior
to what he blames. What therefore fhould hinder me.
likewife, while I am reading the works pf Lucilius,
from enquiring whether 'tis his genius^ or the difficult
nature of his fubje^t, that will not fuffel: his verfes to
be more finifhed, and to run more fmoothly, than if
any one, thinking it fufficient (attending to this only)
to conclude a fomething of fix feet, be fond of writ-
ing two hundred verfes before he eats, and as many
after fupper.? Such was the genius of the Tufcan
C^us, more impetuous than a rapid river ; who, as
it is currently reported, was burnt at the funeral pie
with the fuel of\m own books and papers. Let it be
allowed, I fay, that Lucilius was an humorous and
|K>lite writer; that he was alfo more correal than

♦ Had three meajures^ each cOitftfling of two feet. Hence fometlmes
lenarii, and f&metinus trimctn.

f JTk ^neid was not publiflxd when tbisjatirc was wroUg

D 6 EnniuSf

( 84 )•

Quam rudiS) et Grmm inta^ carmtnis audor,
Qiiamqtie poetarum feniorum' ttirba ; fed ille.
Si fbret hoc noftiairti fato dilatus in sevum,
Det^reret fibi multa ; recideretpm rie, quod ultra
Ferfe^hini traheretur ; et ki verfu fatiendo
Satpe caput fcaberet^ vivos ct roderet ungues.

70*

Sspe (tylum vertu8| iterum quae digna legi fint
Scripturus : neque te ut miretur turba, labores,
Contentus paucis le^toribus. an tua dement
Viltbus in ludis didari carmina malis ^ 75

Non ego. nam fatis^eft eqiiitem mihi plaudere : ut

audax,
Contemptis aliis, explofa Arbufcula dixit.
Men' moveat cimex Pantilius ? (-aj ant cruciet, quod
Vellicet abfentem Demetrius ! aut q^od ineptus
Fanuius Hermogenis iatdat convivallgeili ? , 80
Plotius, et Varius, Maecenas, Virgiliufque,
Valgiu9, et probet haec O^avius, optimus atque
Fufcus ; ct hxc utiham Vifeorum laudet uterque :
Ambitionre relegata, te dicere poflum,
PoUio; te, Mcflala, tuo cum fratre 5 fimulquc 8^
Vos C^J Bibuii, et Scrvi ; fimul' his te, candide Fursi }
Complures alios, do6tos ego quos et amicos
Pj-udeiij pnetereo ; quibus haec^ (int qualiacunque,

fa J Aut cruder qcod.

(h) V«» Btbple, et Scrvi. Hiinf.

Arridere

( 8s )

E/rnit/Sf the author of a kttui ofpottryn/ftyet well cul-
tivated, nor at all attempted by the Grecians, aud
more ccrreM Hke^vi/e than the tribe of our old poets :
but yet he, if he had been brought down by the Fates
to this age of our*8, wou'd have retrenched a great
deal from his writings : he wbuld have prun*d o£f
every thing that (hould tranfgrefs the limits of per-
fetEtion ; and, in the compolition of verfes, v^ould
often have icratched his head, and bit his nails to the
quick.

You that intend to write, what is worthy to be
read more than once, ^ blot frequently : and take no
pains to make the multitude admire you, content with
the ftvi judicious readers. What, wou'd you be fuch^
a fool as to be ambitious that your verfes (hould be
taught in petty fchools ? That is not my cafe. 'It is
enough for me that the knight Msecenas applaud :
as the courageous a^refs Arbufcula exprelTed herfelf,
in contempt of the reft of the audience, when flie was
hifled by the populace. What, Ihall that gpib-womi |
Pantilius have any effe^ on me ? Or can 1 be. vexed,
that Demetrius carps at me behind my back ! or be-
caufe the trifier Fannius, that hanger-on to Hermo-
genes Tigellius, . attempts to hurt me ? May Plotius,
Varius, Maecenas, and Virgil, Valgius, and Oda-
vius approve thefe fatiresj and the excellent Fufcus
likewife j and 1 could wifli that both the Vifci would
join in their commendations : ambition apart, I may
mention you too^ O PoUio ; you alfo, Meffala, toge-
ther with your brother ; and at the fame time you, ye
Bibuli and Servi'; and along with thefe, you, candid
Furnius ; I couU name rsx^Lny othtvSy whom, though
men of learning and my friends, I purpofely omit :
to whom I could wifli thefe fatircs, fuch as they are,
may give fatisfa6lion ; and I fliould be ytry much

* Literally f often turn.your ftylus* Thefiylm was an infiritment
to 'ivTite in wax with ; of>e end of which' wasjharpy in orde" to form
tht lettirs, and the other JUtf like a trowel, toerajt thtm occctpoiudy,

m

cha*

( 86 )

Arridere velim ; dditurus, fi placeant fpe

Detenus noftra. Demetri, teque, Tigelli, 90

DHcipulanim inter jubeo plorare cathedras.

r

I puer, atqiie meo citu9 hiec fubfcribe libeUo.

0.

Q. HORATH

J

( 8; )

chagrinM if they pleafed in a degree below my ex-
pedation, Tau^ Demetrius, and you, Tigellius, I
bid lament amongfl your female difcij^les*

Go, * boy, and initantly copy this fatire more into
the end of my book*

♦ His amanucnjtj.

1

\

•

• • •

•

rr H B

«

( 88 )

i^"""i^W^

Q^ HORATII FLACCI .

S AT Y R A R U M

LIBER II.

S A T Y R A, I.

Fingitfe cum Trehatio dellherare utrum a/crihendisfatyris

abftin€at.

SUNT quibus in fatyra vkLcar nimis acer, ct ultra
Legem tendere opus : tine nervis altera^ qutdquid
Compofui, pars efle putaty (imilefque meorum
Mille die verfus deduci pofle. Trebati,
Qiiid faciam, praefcribe. Quiefcas, Nq faciam, in-
quis, , . •* 5

Omnino verfus ? Aio. Peream male, fi non
Optimum erat : vei-um ncqueo dormire^ Ter un6i
Tranfnanto Tiberim, fomno quibus eft opus alto ;
Irriguumque mere Tub no^tem corpus habento.
Aut, ii tantus amor (a) fcribendi te rapit, aude ro
Caefarfs invifti res dicere, multa laborum
Praemia laturus. Cupidum, pater optime, vires
Deficiunt : neque emm quivis horrentia pilis

("tfj Scribendi tecaplt. , <J

- V * - Agmina,

( 89 )

■■■

THE

SATIRES

O F

HORACE.
BOOK II.

SATIRE I.
fifuld defijlfr^m writing fatirei 9r «##.

THERE are fome perfons to whom I may feem
too feverc in the writing of fatire, and to ex-
tend the affair too far : another fet are of opi«
nion, that all I have written is nervelefs, and that a
thoufand verfes like mine might be fpun out in one
day. Trebatius, give me your advice, what I (hall
do. ^t. quiet. I ihall not make, you fay, verfes at
all. I do fay fo. May I be hanged, if that wowld
not be the beft : but I cannot fleep. Let thofe who
want found fleep^ anointed fwim three times crofs the
Tiber j and have theii^ clay well moiftened with wine
over-night. Or, if fuch a great love of fcribbling
hurries you on, venture to celebrate the atchievements
of the invincible Csefar, certain of ample rewards for
your p^ins. Defirous I am, my good father, to do
thisy yet my ftrength failis me : nor can any one de-

fcribc

t

. ( 90 )

Agmina, nee frada pereuntes cufpide Gallos,
Aut labentis equo defcribat vulnera Parthi. 15

Attamen et juftum poteras let (a) fcribere fortcro,
Scipiadam ut fapiens Lucilius. baud mihi deero, .
Cum res ipfa ferct : nifi dextro tempore, Flacci
Verba per attentam non ibunt Caefkris aurem ;
Cui male fi palpere, recalcitrat undique tutus. 20
Quanto re^tius hoc, quam trifti laedere verfii
Pantolabum fcurram, Noroentanumqu^ nepotem ?
Cum fibi quifque timet, quanquam eft intadhis, et

odit.
Quid faciam ? faltat Milonius, ut femel i^o
Acceffit fervor capiti, numerufque lucernis. 35

Caflor gaudet equis ; ovo prognatus eodem,
Pugnis. quot capitum vivunt, totidem (ludiorum
Mi]lia. me pedibus deledlat claudere verbai
Lucili ritUs-nodrum melioris utroque.
11 le velut fidis arcana fodalibus olim 30

Credebet libris ; fhj neque, fi male geflerat, ufquam
Decurrens alio, neque fi bene : quo fit ut omnis
Votiva pateat veluti defcripta tabella
Vita fenis. fequor hunc, Lucanus an Appulus, anceps;
Nam Venufinus arat finem fub utrumque colonus, 3$
Mifius 94 hpc, pulfis (vetus eft ut fama) Sabellis,
Quo non per vacuum Romano incurreret hoftis :

(a) "Dkat, Sanad. (I J Ne^uc^ fi male ceflcrat^ Hehf.

Sive

( 91 )

/cribe the troopa briftled with fpeari, nor the Gaulv
dying on their (hiver'd darts, nor the wounded Par-
thian falling ftpm his horfe. Neverthelefs you may
defcribe him juft and brave; as the wife Lucilius did
Scipio* I will not be wanting to mvfeif, when I can
bring matters, to bear : no verfes oi Horace's, unlefs
weJl-timed, will gain the attention of Csfar ; whom,
like a generous JteeJ, if you iiroke aukwardly, he will
kick back upon you, being at all quarters on his guard.
How much better would this be, than to cut with fe-
vere fatire Fantolabus the buffoon^ and the rake No-
mentanus ? When, beJiJes^ every body is afraid for
himfdf, lejihejhauldhethe ne^ty and hates you, tho*
he is not meddled with. What Ihall I do ? Milonius
falls a dancing, the moment he becomes' light-headed
and warm, and the candles appear multiply 'd. Caftor
delights in horfemanihip ; and he who fprang * from*
the fame egg, in boxing. As many thoufands of peo-
pie as there are in the worU^ fo many different incli-
nations are there. I am amufed with putting words
into metre, in the manner of Lucilius, who had greater
abilities than you and I put together. He long ago
communicated his feciets to his books, as to faithful
friends: never having recourfe eliewhere, whether
things went weUorill with him : whence it happens,'
that the whole life of this old poet is a» open to the
view, as if it had been painted on a f votive tablet*
His example I follow, J tho' in doubt whether I am a
Lucanian, or an Apulian : for the Venufinian far-*
mers plow upon the boundaries of both countries^ who
(as the ancient tradition has it) were a colony fent, on
the expulfion.of the Samnites, for this purpofe, that
the enemy might not make incuriions on the Romans,
thro* a vacant unguarded frontier : or left the Apulian

* Caftor and Pollux were born of, or rather hatched by Leda, in
tonfequence of her amour with Jupiter in thejl^apt ofajwan,

f The Romans had often pifiures dawn of certain events in their
lives f whirh they bound themfelves by avow to confecrate to the Gods*

i A tedious parenthejis^ in which he burUfques LucUius'i manner
•J writing,

nation.

( 92 )

Sive quod Appula gens, feu quod Lucania bellum
Incuteret violenta. fed hie itylus haud petet liltro
Quemquam animantem, etmeveluticuflodieteoAs 40
Vagina tedhis : quern cur deftringere coner.
Tutus ab infeftis-latronibus ? O pater et rex
Jupiter, ut pereat poEtum rubigine telum,
Nee quifquam noceat cupido mihi pacis I at ille.
Qui me commorit, (melius .non tangere^ clamo) 45
Flebity et infignis, tota cantabitur Urbe.

•

Cervius iratus leges minitatur et urn am ;
Canidia Albuti, quibus eil inimica, venenum ;
Grande malum Turius, ii quis fe judice certet.
Uty quo quifque valet, fufpedos terreat, utque 50
Imperet (a) hoc natura potens, fie coilige mecum«
Dente lupui, cornu taurus petit, unde, nifi intus
Monfiratum ? Sc^c^vae vivacem crede nepoti
Matrem ; nil faciat fceleris pia dextera : mirum !
UtnequecaicelupuB quemquam, neque dente petit bot:
Sed male toUet anum vitiato melle cicuta . 56

Ne longum faciam, feu me tranquilla fene£hi6
Exfpedat, feu mors atrit circumvolat alis ;
Dives, inops, Romsr, feu fors ita jullerit, exful ;
Qyifquts erit vit£, fcribam, color. O puer, ut fis 60
Vitalifl metuo ; et majorum ne quis amicus
Frigore te feriat. Quid ? cum eft Lucilius aufus
Primus in hunc operis eomponere carmina morem,
Setrahere et pellem, nitidus qu.a quifque per ora

^tf/ Jmperitet natura, SgnuL

Cederety

.1

il

C 93 )

nation y or the fierce Lucantan, fhould make an in-
vafion. ,But this pen of mine fhall not wilfully attack
any man breathing, and {hall defend me like a fword
that is (heathed in the fcabbard : which why ihould I
attempt to draw, while I am fafe from hoftile villains ?
O Jupiter, father and fovereign, may my weapon laid
afide wear away with ruft, and may no one injure me,
who am deiirous of peace ! But that man who (hall
provoke me (I give notice that it is better to let me
alone) fhall weep bis falfy^ and a- diilinguifhed cha-
rader (hall be fung through all the flreets of Rome*

Cervius, when he is offended, threatens one with
the laws and the judiciary * urn ; Albutius's Canidia
poifon to thofe, with whom fhe is at enmity ; Turius
threatens great damages againftyou^ if you conteft any
thing while he prefides as judge. How every thing
terriiHes thofe taken for its enemies, with that in
which it is mofl powerful, and how flrong natural in-
ftind commands this, thus infer with me. The wolf
attacks with his teeth, the bull with his horns. From
what principle is this, if not afuggeftion from within ?
Intrufl that debauchee Scceva with the cuftody of hit
ancient mother ; his pious hand will commit no out-
rage : A wonder indeed ! juf^ as the wolf does not at-
tack any one with his hoof, nor the bull with his
teeth : but a honied potion may take off the old
dame.

' That I may not be tedious, whether a placid old
age awaits me, or whether death now hovers about me
with his fable wings ; rich, &r poor, at Rome, or if
fortune fhould fo order it, an exile abroad ; whatever
be the colour of my life, I will write. O my child^ I
fear you cannot be long lived ; and that fome creature
of the great ones will ftrike you flifF. What ? when
Lucilius had the courage to be the firfl in compofing
verfes after this manner, and to pull off that maik, by
the means of which each man flrutted with a fair out«

• A cri'tiinal was acquitted or corulemntd by the number of votes,
vubkh the judges caji into an urn* "

fide.

( 9+ )

Cr^deret, intprfum turpis ; num Lselius, aut qui 65
Duxit ab oppreflfa meritum Carthagine ncmien,
Ingenio ofFenfi ? aut laefo doluere Mctello,
Famofifque Lupo coopertoverfibus ? atqui
Primores populi arri|)uit populumque tributim ;
Scilicet uni aequus virtuti atque ejus amicis. ;ro

Qum, ubi fc a vulgo et fcena, in fecreta remorant
Virtus Scipiadae et mitis fapientia Laeli ;
Nugari cum illo, et difcinSi ludere, donee
Decoqueretur olus, folitt. quidquid fum ego, quamvis
Infra Luciii cenfum ingeniumque ; tamen me 75

Cum magnis vixifTe invita fatebitur ufque
Invidia ; et fragili quaerens illidere dentem, '
OfFendet folido .: niii quid tu, dodlc Trebati,
Diflentis. Equidem nihil hie diffindere poiTum,
Sed tamen ut monitus caveas, ne forte negoti 80
incutiat tibi quid fan£tarum infcitia legum :
Si mala condiderit in quem quis carmina, jus eft
Judlciumque. Eflro, fi quis mala ; fed bona fi quis
Judice condiderit (^aj laudatus Caefare ? Si quis
Opprobriis digpum (ij latraverit, integer ipfe ? 8^
Soiventur rifu tabulae : tu mifTus abibis.

S A T Y R A IL

De frugalitate.

UiE virtus et quanta, boni, fit vivere parvo,
(Nee meus hie fermo eft j CO ^^^ ^^ praecepit
OfeliuSy

(a) Laudatur Caefare. (h) Liicerttcret, Bentl, (c) Se4
^«em ^rxcepic*

RufticuSy

( 95 )

iide, tho* foul within ; what was Laelius, or * he
who derived a well-deferved title from the deftru6tion
of Carthage, offended at his wit ? Or were they hurt
at Metellus's being lafhed, or Lupus covered over
with Lucilius^s lampoons ? But he took to talk the
heads of the people, and the people themfelves, clafs
by clafs ; in ihort^ he fpared none but virtue and her
friends. But yet, when the valorous Scipio, and the
mild philofophical Lxlius had withdrawn themfelves
from the croud, and the public fcene ; they ufed to di-
vert themfelves with him, and joke in a free manner,
while a few vegetables hoiXed far /upper. Of whatever
ninU[ am, tho* below the eflate and wit of Lucilius ;
yet ravy muft be obliged to own that I have lived well
with great men ; and wanting to faften her f tooth
upon £ome weak part, will flrike it againil: the folid :
iinlefs you, learned Trebatius, disapprove of any thing
/ have/aid. For my part, I cannot make any ob*
je£tion to this. But however that forewarned you may
be upon your guard, left an ignorance of our facred
laws fliould bring you into trouble : he fare of this : if
any perfon (hall make fcandalous verfes again!): a par-
ticular man, an a£^ion lies, and fentence may ht faffed
againft bim. It is granted, if they are fcandalous : but
if a man compofes good ones, tf ^^ is praifed y^^r V^
by fuch a judge as Capfar ? If a man falls foul upon
him only who deferves his invedtives, while himfelf
is unblameable ? In fuch a cafe^ the procefs ^ill be can-
celled 'With laughter; and you, bemg difmilTed, may
depart in peace*

w

S A T I R E II.

OnfrugdUty.

HAT and how great the virtue to live «a-
tentedly on a little, (tha* this is no do6hine of

* Scipio Africanus.

-t Alluding to the fable of the viper and the file.

mme;

r

1 96 ) '

Rufticu9, abhormis fapiens, eraifaque Minerva)
Difcite, non inter lances menfafque nitentes ;
Ciun ftupet infani$ acies fiilgoribus, et cunin j

Acclinis faiiis animus meliora recufat ;
Venim hie impranfi mecum difquirite. Cur hoc ?
Dicana, fi potero. male verum examinat omnis
Corruptus judex, leporem fetStatus, equove
LafTus ab indomitp ; vel fi Romana fatigat 10

Militia afTuetum grsecari ; feu pila velox,
MoUiter auflerum ftudio fkllente laborem ;
Seu te difcus agit, pete cedentem aera difco :
Cum labor (^aj extuderit faftidia ; ficcus, inanis
Sperne cibum vilem ; nifi Hymettia mella Falerao »5
Ne biberis diluta. foris eil promus, et atrum
Defendens pifces hiemat mare : cumfalepanis
Latrantem flomachum bene leniet. undeputas ? aut
Qui partum ? non in caro nidore voluptas
Summa, fed in teipfo eft. tu piilmentaria quaere . 2Q
Sudando. pinguem vitiis albumque nee ollrea,
Nee icarus, aut potcrit peregrina juvare lagoVs.
Vix tamen eripi^m, poiito pavone, velis quin
Hoc potius quam gallina tergere palatum,
Corruptus vanis rerum ; quia veneat auro 2^

Kara avis, et px&z pandat fpe^tacula cauda :
Tanquam ad rem attineat quicquam. num vefceris ifla,
Quam laudas, pluma ? co^ove nutti adef); honor idem?
Came tamen quamvi^ dillat nihil, hac magis ilia ;
imparibus formis deceptum te patet. eAo. 30

(a) Expulcrlt. Benti,

Uncfc

k
i

( 97 )

mine'; but what OfeUus the peafant, a philofopher
without the rules, and of an home-fpun wit, taught
me) learn, my good friends, not amonft tuxuriotN
dilhes and fplendid tables ; when the eye is dazzled
with the vain glare of the f late ^ and the mirid)- intent
upon falfe appearance, refufes tB admit better thifi^s ^
but here, before dinner^ difcufs this point With nie^.
Why fo, fay youf I will inforcn you^ifl can. Eteiy
corrupted judge eicamines hitt badly in the truth of a
canfcy After hunting the hare, or being fpeat l^ an
unruly horfei; or if the Roman exercife fatigues you
more accuftomed to Gjiecian effeminacies ; or the fwift
ball, while eagernefs foftens and prevents your per-
ceiving the feverity of the game ; or if quoits deUght
yotty fmite the yielding air with the quoit : when ex-
ercife has w<H*ked off your fqueamiihnefs ; dry irfsr// hun-
gry, then let mefeejou defpife mean viands ; and not
drink Falernian, unlefs qualified with Hymettian
honey. ^ Your butler is abroad, and the tempeftuous
fea preferves the fifti by its wintry ftorms ; a bit of
bread and fait will fufficiently appeafe an importunate
flomach. From whence do you think this comes f^
And how is it obtained? The confuramate pleafure is
not in the coftly flavour, but in yourfelf. t>o you
feekforfailce by fweating. Neither oyflers, norlcat",
oor the far-fetched * lagois, can give any pleafure to
one bloated and pale thro* intemperance. Neverthe-
lefs, if a peacock was ferved up, I fiiouki- hatdiy be
able to prevent your gratifying the palate with that,
Jrather than a pullet, finceyou are pr^udicied fcy the
vanities of things ; becaufe the fcarce bird is boMght
with gold, and difplays a fine fight with its painted
tail : as if that was any thing to the purpofe. What,
do you eat that plumage, which you extol fo much t
Or has the bird the fame beauty when 'ti$ dreffed I
Since however there is no difference in the meat, in
Cne preferably to the other ; 'tis manifeft that you are
impofed upon by the difparity of their appearances^
Sut let it be granted you,

* Aliriy luhofiJU/h tafici like n hare ; prohahly a curlew^

Vqt.. II. C ^/

( 98 )

Unde datum fentis, lupys hic» Tiberiiius, a»aTt#
C apt us hiet ? ponte(ne inter ja^tus, sijn amnis
Oflia Tub Tufci ? lauda?, infane, trilibrem
Mullum; infingula quern minuaspulmenta necefle eft.
Dujqit te fpecie^ viaeo^ quo pertinct ergo 35

Frocerosodiffe lupes ? quia icilicetiUis
Msyor^m nature modum dedit, his breve pondus.
Jejunus rarp ftomachus vulgaria temnit,
Porrt&uxn inagn4> magnum ljpe6bare catino
Vellero, ait Harpy lis gulajligna rapacibus. at vos 40
Prasfenles Audri, coquite horum obfonia : quamquam
Putet aper rhombufque recens, mala copia quando
^grum (blicitat (lomachum : cum rapula plenus
Atque acidas mavult^nulas* necdumomnis abadta
Pauperies dpulis regum : nam vilibusoviSy 4^

Nigrifque eft oleis hodie locus, baud ita pridem
Oalloni {'aj prasconis erat acipenfere menfa
Infamis. quid ? turn rhombos/'}^ minus aequor alebat ?
Tutus erat rhombus, tutoque ciconia nido |
JDonec vos au£^ordocuit practorius. ergo jo

Siquis nunc mergos fuaves edixerit aflbs ;
Parebitpravi docilis Romana juventus*

Sordidus a tenui vi&u diftabit, Ofello
Judice* nam fruflra vitium vitaveris illud ;
{I'J Si te alio pr^vus detorferis* Avidienus, g^

.Cui Canis ex vero du£lum cognomen adhaBret,
Quinquennea oleas eitf et filveJS:na corna^

■

(a)^ Pnetorls. Smad. (h) Miaus sequora aiebants (c) $1

Ae^

C 99 )

By whajt gift are you able to diiUaguifh, whether
this lupus^ that now opens its jaws before you, was
taken in tl^ Tiber or the fea ? Or whether it was tolled.
ajbore between the bridges, or at the mouth of the f
Tufcan riveri Fool, you praife a mullet that weight
three pounds ^ which j'^/ you are obliged to cut into
fmall pieces. Outward appearances lead you, I fee.
To what intent do you cootemn large lupufes ? Be-
cauie truly thofe are by nature bulky, and thefe very
iight, A hungry ftomach ieldom loathes common vie-*
tuals. O that i could fee a fwinging muUet extended
upon a fwinging di(h^ cries that gullet which is £t for
the voracious harpies thet^dves. But O ffay I) ye
fbuthern blalls be prefent to taint the delicacies of thefe
gluttons : tho' th^ boar and turbot newly taken arc
rank, when furfeiting abunch^nce provokes the fick
fiomach ; and when the fated guttUr prefers turnips
and iharp elicampane. However, all appearance of
ppverty is not quite ban iflied from the banquets of our
nobles : for there is, even at this day, a place for paU
try eggs and black olives. And it was not iong ago,
fince the table of Gallonius the audioneer was render-
end infamous, by having a fturgeon ferved up <vohole
upon it. What ? was the fea at that time Icls nutri-
tive of turhots ? The turbot was fecure, and the ftork
unmolefted in her neft ; till the f praetorian Semprc-
niiUy the inventor, firft taught you to eat tbem. From
whence, / am convinced^ that if any one was to give
it out that roafted cormorants are delicious ; the Ro-
man youth, fo teachable in depravity, would acquiefce
in itn

But in the judgment of OFellus, a fordid way of
living will differ 'wiJefy from frugal fimplicity. For
'tis to no purpofe for you to (liun that vice of luxury ;
if perverfely you fly to the contrary extreme. Avidi-
enus, to whom the nick*name of dog is apply 'd with
great propriety, eats olives of five years old, and wild

• So calkdy becttufe it dw'tdes laxvimfrom Tulcany.
f Horace catis him ironically tratorumy for when Sempronlus pili
tlffor thot high office be had Tvytjeven votea

E « cornels

( 100 )

Ac, nlfi mutatum, parclt defundcre vmum, ct
Cujus odoretn olei nequcas perferre ; (licebit
Ille rcpotiay natales, aliofve dierum 69

Fcftos albatus cclcbxct) comu ipfe bilibri
^Caulibus inftillat, veteris non parcus aceti.

Quail igitur viftu fapiens utetur, ct honim
TJ^rum imitabitur f, hac urget lupus, hac canis, aiunf»
Mundus crit, ('aj qua non offcndit fordibus, at^ue 6^
In ncutram^artem cultus mifer. hie ncquc fervu.
Albuti fenis exemplo, dum munia didit,
Ssevus erit ; nee fie ut fimplex Nsevius, un^am
Convivis pracbebit aquam : vitium hoc quoquc tha^
hum*

V

Accipe nunc, vifius tenuis quae quantaque (ecum 70
Afferat; in primis valeas bene ; nam variae res
Ut noceant nomini, credas, memor illius efcscj
Quae fimplex olim tibi Tederit at finml affis
Mifcuens clixa, fimulxonchylia turdis ;
Duicia fc in bilem vertent, flomachoque tumultum 75
liCnta feret pituita. vidcs, ut pallidus omnis
Coena defurgat dubia f quin corpus onuftum .
Heftemis vitiis animum quoque praegravat una,

fa) -Qui non offendet for^ibu^.

r*; At.^

, . I

\.

( lOI )

cornels ; and cannot bear to rack off hU wine unlcfs it
be turned four, and the fmell of his oil you cannot
endure : which (tho' cloathed in white he celebrateg
the * wedding feftival, his birth- day, or any other
feflal day) he pours out himfelf by little and little,
from an horn cruet, that holds two pounds, *upoa
bis cabbage, hut at the fame time is lavi(h enough of
\mJirong old vinegar f.

What manner of livin|; therefore (hall the wife man
put in pradtice, and which of thefe examples fhall he
copy ? On one fide J the wolf preiTes on, and the dog
on the other, as the faying is. A perfon will be ac-
counted decent, inafmuch as he offends not by fordid-
nefs, and is defpicable thro' neither extreme of con-
dud. Such a man will not, after the example of old
Albucius, be tyrannically cruel while he alligns his fer*
vants their refpe6live offices f nor, on the contr-nry^
like fimple Navius, will he offer greafy water*to hi&
company ; for. this too. i^ a great fault.

Now learn what and bow great benefits a temperate
diet will bring along with it. In the firll place you
may enjoy good health ; for you may readily believe
how detrimental; a divcrfity of things is to any man,
^\}ben you recoiled^ tKat ii^vt of food, which, by it<i
fimplicity, fat fq well upon your ftomach fome time
ago, tjohefiyou ^vas a child. But when you have once
mixed boiled and roail; together, together thruQies and
flielUfifh ; the fwett juices will turn into bile, and the
thick phlegm will bring a jarring upon the ftomach^
Don't you fee how pale each guefi rifes from a || per-
plexing variety of difiies at an entertainment. Befides
this,; the body, overloaded with the debauch of yef-
terday, deprdfes the mind along with it, and fixes U>

* Repotia, an entertainment matU by the bridegroom the day ajttr
marriage »

\ 1q correS the bad tajie of the oil, this being cheapcft,

X J4 proverbial expnj/ton for being in a dijiadtftuation, Bctwetn
two f res. ' .

II Literally y a doubtful fupper, t, e. the variety is fo great, that
the guejis hejitatfj are in doubt, luhattheyJhaUchitfefirJi,

' E 5 the

{ lea )

fa) Atque affigit huxno divinae particulam aurse*
Alter, ubi dI6lo citius curata fopori tm

Membra dedif, vegetus prsefcripta ad munia furgit.
Hie tamen ad melius poterit tranfcurrerc quondam ;
8ive diem fellum rediens advexerit annus,
Seu Vecrcarc volet tenuatura corpus; ubique
Accedent anni, et tra^ari mollius aetas 85

Imbecilla volet, tibi quidnam accedat ad iftam,
Quam puer et valid us praefumis, moUitiem ; fcu
Dura valetudo incident, feu tarda fenedbus ?

Rancidum aprum antiqui laudabant ; non quia nafus
lllisnullus erat; fed, crodo, hac mente, quod hofpes
Tardius adveniens, vitiatum commodius, quam 91
Integrum edax dominus confumeret. hos utinUm inter
Heroas natum tellus me. prima tuliffct«

Das aliquid fams, qux carmine gratior aurem
Occupat humanam I gcandes rborobi, patinxque 95
Crande ferunt una cum damno dedecus. adde
Iratum patruiim, vicinos, te tibi iniquum,
£t fruflra mortis cupidum, ciim deeric egen tl
As, laqueiprecium^ J"r^> inquis, Tragus iftis
Jurgatur verbis : ego vcdigalia magna, lOO

Divitiafque habeo tribus amplas regibus. Ergo
Qi;od iuperat, non eft melius quo infumere poflis ?
Our eget indignus quiiquam, te dtvite ? quare
Templa ruunt antiqua Deum ? cur, improbe, cane
Non aliquid patriae tan to emetiris acervo ? 105

Uni nio^irum rede tibi femper (hj erunt res ?

(s) At^« «tf i|^t Inuip. (h) ZxM ns. B^f.

O mag-

( X03 J

the earth that portion of the divine fpirit; Another
man, as foon as he has taken ^ repafl, and rendered
his iinabs up to repofe in the fame inftant almoli-,
rifes vigorous in the morning to the duties of his
calling. However, he may fometimes have recourfe
to better cheer; whether the revolving year Ihall
bring on a feliival^ or if he has a mind to refrefh his
body, impaired by labour \ and when years (hall ap-
proachy and feeble age require to be ufed more ten-
derly. But as for you, if a troublefome habit of body^
or a creeping old age, ihould come up(5n you ; what
addition can be made to that foft indulgence, which
yoUf as yet young and in health, anticipate ?

Our 'anceftors praifed a boar when it was ftale : not
becaufe they had no nofes ; but with this view, 1 fup-
pofe, that a vifiter coming later than ordinaiy might
partake of it^ tho' a little muffy, rather than the vora-
cious mailer Ihould devour it all himfelf while fweet.
I wiih that the primitive earth had produced me
amongft fuch heroes as thefc

Have you any re^rd for reputation , which aie<5b
the human ^ar more agreeably than mufick ? Great
turbots, and magni^coit dilhes, bring a gseat difgrace
along with 'em, together with expence,. Add to this,
that your * jpelations and neighbours will be exafpe^
rated at you, thui at enmity with yourfelf, and de-
iirous of death in vain» ilnce you will not, in your
poverty, have three farthinga left to purchafe a rope
withal. Traiius, you fay, may with juflice be called
' to accoutit with fuch language as this t bui I pofleft
an ample revenue, andwealth fufHcient for three poten-
tates« ' Why then have you not a better method of
expending your fuperfluities ? Why is any man, un-
deferving of MJhreJfed circumjtances in want, while yott
abound ? How comes it to pafs that the ancient tern*
plea o{ the Gods are falling to ruin ? Why do not you,
wretch that you are, beftow fomcthing on your dear
country, out of ib vaft a hoard } What, doyou think that
(natters fhatt always go well with you alone of alt

* LiUraUji theufuie fy the fatktr^sjtdft^

£ 4. Pfa9D^

( 1^4 )
f O magnus pofthac inimicis rifus ! uterne
Ad cafus dubios fidet fibi certius ? hic, qui
Pluribus afluerit men tern corpufquc fuperbum j
An qui coxltentus parvo, metuenfque futuri,
|n pace, tit fapiens, aptarit idonea bello P

lie

Quo magis his credas : puer hunccgo parvus Ofel-

lum
Integris opibus novi non latius ufum,
Quani nunc accifis. videas metato in agello, '
Cum pecore et gnatis, fortem mercede colonum, ii^
Non «go, narrantem, temere edi luce profefta
Quidquam, praetcr olus, fumofac cum pede pcrnae.
Ac mihi, cum longum poft tempus venerat hofpes,
Sive operum vacuo gratus cenviva per imbrcm
Vicinus ; beneerat, non. pifcibus urbepetitis^ 120 '
Sed pullo, atque hoedo : turn penfilis uva fecundas
£t nux ornabatmenfas, cum duplice ficu,
I'ofi hoc ludtis 6rat ^^^ cuppa potare magiilra r
Ac vencrata Ceres, fhj ut'culmo furgcret alto,
fixplicuit vino contrafiae feria frontis. 12^

Sseviat, atque novos- movcat fortuna tumultus ;
Quantum bine imminuet? quanto aut ego parcius^

aut vos,
O pueri, nituiflis, ut hue novus incola venit ?
Nam propria telluiis herum natura, neque ilium,
Nccme, nee qucmquam ftatuit. nos cxpulit illc 2 130 '
Ilium aut nequities aut vafri infcitia juris,
Poftrcmo expellet certe vivacior heres.
^unc ager Unibreni fub nomine, nupcr Ofelli

(mj Culjpai^otart magiftrt* (^J Iia cuImo furgeret ulto*

I}!<^u.<j

( 105 ^)

mankind f O thou that hereafter flialt be the great de*
rifion of thine enemies ! which of thetwo fliall depend
upon himfelf in exigencies with moft certainty ? He,
who has ufed his mind and high fwoln body to redun-
dancies ; or he, who, contented with a little, and
provident for the iiiture, like a wife man, in time of
peace, fhallmake the neceflary preparations for war.

That you may the readier give credit to thefo things;
I . myielf, when a little boy, took notice that ' this
Ofellus did not ufe his unincumbered eftatemore pro-
fufely than he ddea now it is j:educed. You may fee
the induftrious hulbandman labouring for hire in the
land ori^e his tnvn^ hut noio * ailigned /^' others^ with
his cattle and chikiren, talking to this efie^, I never
ventured to eat any thing on a workaday except pot-
herbs, with a hock of fmoak* dry'd bacon.' Andwheri
a friend came 'to vifit me after ^ long abfence,. or a
neighbour came in, an acceptable gueu, upon reflin j;^
xne from work oti' account of the- ram j we lived well,
not on fiflies fent from the city, bu\ on a pullet and a
fcid : then a dried grape^ arid a out, 'with ^ large fig
or twoj fet off t)ur feoond courfe. Afteb this, it was
our diverflonta hare no other regufeificrn in our cups,
lave that againft drinlcing to* a faiiltt ^thdn Ceres Wor-
fliipped- w//^ a libation^ that the c»tn might ^rile id '
tofty ftems, fmoothed with wine the melancholy of the
contradied bt-ow. Let fbrtune rage, and ftrr up new
tumults J what ca^i fhe do more to impah- «y eftate t
If ow much more favingly have either I lived; and how
lefs neatly have -you gone,- my' children *,*'fiHeetfti#
new pofTeiTorcame? For nature hath appointed to be
/^^^^•//z^jr/ lord of this earthly property, nelther'hhn,
nor me, nor any one. He flrove us out ;' cither ini*-
quity, or ignorance in the quirks pfjhe law, fhall //#
the fame by him, certainly in the end his longer-lived
heir ihall expel him. Now this field goes under the
denomination of Umbrenus's, lately it was Ofellus's,.
««^ it (hall be the abfolute property of no man ; for k

■ ' ^

♦ j4fter the civil nuar, the lands of the beatifi party were diiided
^tfKin^ tbej'oldltrs of the con^ieror.

E J will

( io6 )

Diftusy erit nuUi propnus ; fed ccdet in u^m
Nuncmihi, nunc alii, quocirca vivite fortes; s}|^
Fortiaque adverfis opponite peftora rebus.

S A T Y R A III.

CoUfiquutus cum Horatio Damaj^fuf h^cStoicaphitofipbia
fared^xum frtiat^ ^rnmsfrop^nodum hcmines infanin^

faj QI raro fcribis, ut toto non quater anno

i3 Membranam pofcas, fcnptoram quaeque re*
texcns,
Iratus tibi, quod vini (bmnique benignu9
Nil dignum fermone canas. (ij quid fiet ? atipfis .
Saturnalibus hue fugifti Ibbrius. (cj ergo ^ 5

Die aiiquid dignum promiffis t incipe* nil eib*
Culpantur fruifra calami, immerituiquc labo/at
Iratis natus paries Dis atque poetis*
Atqui vultus erat multa et praeclara minantis^
Si vacuum tepido cepiiTet viUula tt&o. X0

•Quorfum pertinuit ft^pare Platona Menandro ? .
{dj Eupolin, Arcbilocho ? (^ejcomiia educere tantos?
Invidiam placare paras, virtute r^li£^a ?
ContecDnere, mifer. vitanda eft improba Siren
Defidia ; aut quidquid vita meliore parafti 15

Ppnendui^ .a:quo animo* Dj te, Damaiippe, Dexque
Verum ob confiliumdonent.tonfbre. fed upde
Tarn bene n!>e nofti P Poilquam omnis res mea Januipfi
Ad. medium frafta dk^ aliena negotia euro,

fa) Sic nro (cribU, Z"^) Quidfiet 9 abipHs. fcJ'Efio. J3entL
^4) £v|}«Jin| Aicfiil^chl^m. (^ Coinltes educere ? ^uin tv. ^idg*^

Excufl^^

( I07 J

wHl turn to xnx ufe one while, and by and by t6 that
of another. Wherefore, «> laJsf Uve imdauoted ;
and oppofe gallant breads againft the flrokes of ad^
▼erfity.

S A T, I R E in.

Damafippus, itt a c&nverfaticm nxyith Horace, frwfe$
this paradox of the ^ioic fbilof of hy^ that moji men ar9

IYy^Xi Write fcieldbiii, as not to call for parchmenf
ionr times in the year, lufied\i\ reformingyour/br-
mer V7v\i\ng%y yet are yon angry at yourfelf, that in-
dulging in wine and flecp you produce nothing worthy
to be the fubjedt of converfation ; what will be th«
confequence ? But you took refuge^ here, itfecms, at
the very celebration of the Saturneliaj, out of fure fo*-
brfety; Di£late therefore fomething worthy of your
promifes : <:tfM^, begin. There is nothing* The pens
are found fault with to no purpofe, and the harmlefs
wall, which muft have been built under the difplea-
jRire of Gods and poets, fuffers tc na-end^ But you had
the look of one that xhvtvXtutdt to firf&rm many and
excellent things when once your villa had received you^.
flee from avocation, under its warm roof. To what
purpofe was it to flow Plato upon Menander? Eupolis
upon Archilochus ^ For what end' did you bring at^ad
fuch companions ? What, are you fetting about to ap-
peafe envy by dderting virtue ^ Wretchj you will be
defpifed. That improbous Siren, Sloth, muft be
avoided ; or whatever acquifitions you made in the
better part of your life, muu with equanimity be given
up. May the Gods and GoddelTes, O Damalippus,
prefent you with a barber for your founil advice. But
oy what means did you get fo well acquainted with
me ? Since all my fortunes were diffipatedat the mid-
dle of the * eichaage, being detached from all bull-

* UteraUyy the middlf JaDUt. thtre wasajktut of Jamis in the
midik of the Fmatu

E 4 pcfo

( to8 )

BxcuflUs {>ropriis. olim nam quaerere amabafti^' im
Quo vafer ille pedes laviifet Sifyphus asre ;
Quid iculptum itifabre, quid fufum durius efTet :
Callidus huic figno poneoam millia centum :
Hortos, egrcgiafque domos mercarier unus
Cum lucro noram : unde frequentia Mcrcuriali s j
Impofuerc mihi cognomen compita. Novi ; ,
£t morbi miror purgatum te illius. Atqui -
Emovit vctcrcm. mire novus ; .ut folet, in cor -
Traje£lo lateris miferi, capitifquc dolore :
Ut lethargicus hie cum fit pugil, et medicumurget. 30
Dum ne quid fimile huic, eito ut libeu O bone, ne tc
Fruflrere ; inlanis et tu, Aultique prope omnes,
Si quid Stertinius veri crepat ; unae ego mira
Deicripfi docilis prsecepta nsec, tempore quo me
Solatus juflit fapientem pafcere baroam ; 35

Atque a Fabric 10 non tnftem ponte revcrti.
Nam; male re gefla, cum vellem mittere operto
Me capite in flumen ; dexter iletit : et. Cave faxis
Te quidquam indignum, pudor, inquit, (a J te malus

angit,
Infanos qui inter vereare infanus haberi. 40

Primum nam inquiram, quid fit furere : hoc (i erit inte
Solo^ nil verbi, pereas quin fbrtiter, addam*

Quern mala (lultitiai et/^^j quern cunque infcitia veri
Ciecum agit, infanum Chryiippi porticus et grex
Autumat. hsec populos, h«c magnos formula rege^ 45

(aj T« malus urgct, (ij Cuju%t. Cimn.

Exccpto

( 109 )

nefs of my own ; I mind that of other people. For
formerly I ufed to take a delight in enquiring, in
what * vafe the crafty Sifyphiis might iiave wafhed his
feet ; what was carved in an unworkman-Uke manner^
and what rougher cafl than it ought to be : being a
connoiffeur, I ofiered an hundred thoufand feAerces ^
for his ftatue : I was the only man who knew how to
purchafe gardens and fine feats to the bell advantage :
from whence the crouded ftreets gave me the firname
of Mercurial. I know it well ; and am amazed at
you being cured of that diforder. Why a new dif-
order expelled the old one in a miraculous manner ; as
it is accuftomed to do when the pain of the afili^ed
fiddy'or the head, is turned upon the (iomach : or as it
is with a man in the lethargy, when he turns boxer^
and attacks his phyfician. As long as you do nothing,
like this^ be it even as yoU pleafe. O my good friend,
do not dieceive yourfelf : you likewife are mad, and
'tis almofl fools all, if what Stertinius inMs on has
any truth in it ; frOm whom^ being of a teachable difpo-
fition, I derived thefe admirable precepts, at the very
time, when^ having given me confolation, he ordered
me to encourage a philofophical beard, and to retura
chearfully from the Fabrician bridge. For when, my
affairs being defperate, I had a mind to throw myfelf
into the river, having covered my head/<?r that pur^
fofe ; he fortunately was at my elbow : and addrejjed
me to this effeSl^ Take care how you do any thing un-
' worthy of yourfelf, A falfe Ihame, fays he, affli<5t8
you, who dread to be eHeemed a madman amongft
nothing hut madmen. For in the firft place I will en-
qure, what it is to be mad ; and if this diftemper be
in you alone ; I will not add a fingle word, to prevent
yoii from dying bravely.

The fchool and fedt of Chryfippus deem every man
mad, whom vicious folly, or whorafoever the igno-
rance of any truth drives blindly on. .This definition
takes in whole nations, this even great kings them-

• OJfucb antiquitjj that it m'ght have ban ufed in the days of S'l^
fyphus.

fches,

( "O )

Excepto (apientCy, tenetr nunc accipe quare
De&piant omnes^ a^que ac tu^ qui tibi nomen
Infano pofuere, velut fvlvis, ubi paflim
Palantcs error ccrto de tramite pellit ;
II Ve finiflrorfuTny hie detrorfum abit; (a) unus utriqu#
Enror^ ied variis illudit paitibus : hoc te ^x.

Crede xnodo infanum ; nihilout fapientior ille.
Qui te deride t, caudam trahat. efl genus unum
Stultitisy nihilum metucnda timentis ; ut ignes,
Utrupes, fiuviofque in campo obftare queratur : j^
AUerum et huic varium, etnihilo lapientius, ignes
Per medioSy fiuviofque ruentia* clamet arnica
Mater, honefta foror, cum cognatis, pater uxor';
Hie foiTaeft ingens, hie pupes maxima : ferva :
^on magis audiesit, quam Fufius ebrius olim, 6Qr
Cuni Ilionam edormit^, Catienis mille ducentis,
fi^ater, te itppelle^ clam an ti bus. huic ego valgus
Errori iimilem cundium infanire docebo. .

Infanit veteres flatuas DamaHpnus emendo :.
Integer eft mentis DamaGppi creditor? eftos; %^
Accipe, quod nunquam reddas mihi, fi tibi.dicam ;
;Tunc infanus eris, li acceperis? an magis excors
Reje&a praeda, quam prselensMercurius fert?
Scribe decern a Nerio : non eft fatis :. adde Cicutat:.

(it) Uj|\isutrinq«eenor». Curm^

Nodofi

( in )

fehes, the wife man ahne being excepted. Now learn*^
why all thofe that have fixed the name of madman>
upon you, are as fenfelefs as yourfelf. As in the
woods, where amifiakemakes people wander about
from the right path ; .one goes out of the way to the:
righty another to the left i,but thejFeis the fame blun<-
der on both Mt%y only the illufion is m different dif
- re^tions i in this manner imagine yonrfelf to be mad ^
fo that he who derides you, hangs his tail not one jot
wifer than yourfeif. There is one fpecies^of folly that
18 in dread of things not in the lead formidable ; in-
fomucb that it will complain of fires, and rocks, and
rivers oppofing it. in the open plain : there is another
different from this, but not a whit more approaching
to wifdoofi, that runs headlong thro' the midfl of
flames and floods. Let the loviog mother, the vir*
tuous fifter^ the father, the wife, together with all
the relations tfa man pqffejjed with this latter f oily ^ cry
out ; ^^ Here is adeep ditch,.hereis a prodigious rock:
•* take care of yourfelf :** he would give no more at-
tention than did the drunken-Z/^ai^^ * Fufius fome time
agOf wh^n he over-flept tb^ chajrafter of Jlione, two
tiundred thouiand C^tienl at the fame thne roaring
out, O mM^^. I callyou to my did. i will demonftrate^
to you, that the generality of all -mankind are mad lit
the commifiioa of fome foUy flmilar to this.

Damafippus is a madman for purchafing antique
ftatues : but is Damafippus's creditor in his fenfes,.
ibMyou f WeU : fuppofe I fhouki fay to you^ bore ne-
ceive thx&fum of moneys which you can never repay ;
will you be a madman, if you receive it ? Or would
you be more abfurd for rejedling a booty, which pro*
pitious Mercuiy c^rs I Take up of the banker Ne*

* Fuiivs vjasanaSoTy nuh^ pby'mg the cbaroffer of Hiooe, wdi
fufpdfed to be a/leef^ luhm the gh^ of her fin Polydore called to her^
Dcsar mother, hear me. Fufius having drank too much, fell really
^ecp I and Catlenus, tuhQ played Polydore, having called to htm
without waking biiny the whole houfe^ as if each of them was a Cati*
enosy cried outf Dear mother, hear me. Tlbe number of two hundred
iboufend is o pkafant exaggeration^ Francis*

{ ita )

Nodofi tatiilas centum: mille adde catenas 5 * . 70.
EfFugiet tamen haec fceleratusvinciila Proteus. '
Cum rapies \n jus malis ridentem alknis 5
Fiet aper, modo aris, modofaxuro, etcujn volet, arbon
Si male rem gerere infam eft, contra, benefani,
Putidius muho cerebrum eft (mihi crede) PeHIli:' 75
Di<f^antis, (ri^ quod tu nun quarti refGribete'pollis\

Audire, atque togam jubco componere, qnJfquis
Ambitione mala, aut argenti pallet amore ;
Quifquis luxuria, triftive fuperftitione,
Aut alio mentis morbo cafet ; hue propius me, ^o
Dum docco infanire onjn^ii, vos oitiine adite.

Danda eft ellebori ttftilto pars maxfetta avaris t
Nefcio an Anticyram ratio HHs deftiriet omn^m.
Heredes Staberi funamam incidere fepulchro ;.
Ki fie feciffent, gladiatorum dareceiKum * ' %

Damnati populo pari^, atque epulum, arbrtrio Arri ;•
Frumehti quantum metit Africa, fire^e^o pravt;
§eu rt^t ; hoc Volui : ne fi* patf uus bShi. e^-edti^ -
Hoc Staberi pnidentenri amicum vrdHlfe-^-^nld ergo
Senfit, curti fu^nmam patritttoni iflfculp6fe fask) 90
Heredes Voluit ? Quoad rixit, crfedidit ingens ^^ •
Pauperiem vitium, et carit nihil acrius : ut, fi '
Forte minus' locupJeS CkJ uno quadrante perlret, -

Ipfe videretur libi nequior, omnis enim res,

... ' . • . ■ i': : >: :

' (^) Qj»oi :(vel gui) tu nUnquairt. i/t^V/- ' : (b)^ Cnfe tiwftilrAntdr

v

«

Virtus^

I.!

* • 4

' ( 113 )

rius ten thoufand fefterces : it will not iignify : add
aU the forms of Cicuta, fo verfed in the knotty points
of law : add a thoufand obligations : yet this wicked
Proteus will evade all thefe ties. Aiid when you (hall
draghimtojuftice, * laughing aj if his cheeks were
none of his own j he will be transformed into a boar,
fometimes into a bird, fometimes Into a flone, and
when he pleafes into a tree. If to condu£l one's affairs
badly be the part of a madman ; and the reverfe, be
th^t of a man well in his fenfes ; the brain of Perillius
(believe mej who orders you that f urn of moneys which
you can never repay, is much more unfound than
yours.

Whoever is afflided with evil ambition, or the love
of money ; whoever is fmitten'with luxury, or glopmy
fuperftition, or any other difeafe of the mind, I com-
mand him to adjufl his. garment and attend : heret all
of ye, .come near me, in order, while I convince you
that you are mad.

By far the largeft portion of hellebore is to be admi-
nifter'd to the covetous : I know not whetlier reafon
does not coniign all f Anticyra for their .ufe. The
heirs of Staberius engraved the ium he left them upon
his tomb ; unlefs they afted in this manner, thw were
under an obligation to exhibit an hundred pair of gladi-.
ators to the people, befidesan entertainment according
to the diredtioB of Arrius ; and as much corn as is c\ic
in all Africa. Whether 1 have wiled this rightly or
wrongly ; it was my will : be not fevere againft me,
cries the tejiator, 1 imagine, the provident mind df
Staberius forefaw this. What then could he think,
when he- appointed by will, that his heirs {hould en-
grave the fum total of their patrimony on his tomb*
Hone ? As long as he lived, he deemed poverty a great
vice, and nothing did he more induftrioufly avoid :
infomuch, that had he died lefs rich by one farthing,
the more iniquitous would he have appeared to him*

* j4 proverbial expreffion for laughing immndcratdy.
+ ^n i/ktftd in the Archipelago, famous for the p odn^'iOn of a vefi
quantity ofbdUborc,

fetf.

( iH )

Virtus, fama, decus, divina humanaque, pulchrfs 95
iDivitiis pBrent ; (t^) quas qui conftruxcrit, illc
Clarus crit, fort is, juftus— -Sapienfne ? Etiam, et rex,
Etquidquid volet, hoc, veluti virtuteparatum,
Speravit magnse laudi fore, quid iimife iAi
Graecus Ariftippus ? qui ffcrvos projicerc aurutn 100
In media jufTit Libya ; quia taraius irent
Propter Onys fegncs. utcr eft infanior horum?
Nil agit exemplum litem quod lite refolvit.
Si quis emat citharas, emtas comportet in ununi)
Nee fludio citharae, nee Mufae deditus ulU ; zoj
Si fcalpra et formias non futo-r ; nautka vela
Averfus mercaturis ; delirus et amens
Undique dicatur merito. quid difcrepat iftis.
Qui nummos aurumque recondite nefcius uti
Com^ofitis, metuenique velut contingere facrumPiio
Si quis ad ingentem frumenti femper acervum
Porre£lu£ vigilet longo cum fufbe ; neque illinc
Audeat efuriens dominus contingeregranumj
Ac potius foliis parcus vefcatuf amaris ;
Si po(itis tntus dhii veterifque Falemi . ^'5

Mille cadis ; nihil eft, terccntum- millibus, acre
Potetacetum : age ; fi et ftramentis incubet, unde
Odoginta annos natus, cui ftragula v^ftis,
Blattarum ac tinearum epulx, putrefcat in area :
Kimirum inlanus paucis videatur ; eo quod . zao-
Maxima pars hominum morbo ja&itur cqdem*

Films, aut etiam hiec libertus ut ebibat heres, \

Di9 inimice fenex, cuftodis, va tibi deGt ? '

Qo^tuluBi enim fusims curtabit quifque dienun^

{q} Q3«s ^ contraxttiu

Ungera

J

( "S )

felf. For every thing m nature^ virtue, fame, gloiy,
divine and human affairs^ are fubiervient to the at-
tractions of riches ; which, whoever (hall have accu-
mulated, he fhail be iilufirious, brave, juf^. What,
wife too ? Aye, and a king, and whatever elfe he
pleafes • This he was in hopes would greatly redound
to his pfaife, as if it had been an acqufition of his
virtue. In what refpe6i did the Grecian Arifiippus
a6t like this ? Who ordered his Have to throw away
his gold in the midft of Libya ; b^aufe, encumber'd
with the burden ofit^ they went too flow. Which i»
the greater mad man of thefe two } An example is no-*
thing to the purpofe, that decides one controverfy by
bringing up another. If any perfon was to buy lyres ;
and when ne had bought them, flow them up in fame
one particular plaee, So* neither addidted to the lyre^
or anyone mufe whatfoever; if » man was tt> buy
paring knives and lafts, who was no (hoe-maker ; fail»
fit for navigation, and yet averfe to merchandiiing ; he
would every where deiervedly be flildd delirious, and'
out of his fenfe^. And how does he differ from thefe
inftances^ who hoards up ca(h ^d gold, and knows not
how to make ufe of them, wheo' they are accumulated^
and is afraid to touch them as if they were coniecrated?
If aay perfon before a great heap of corn ihould keep
perpetual watch with a long club, and tbo* he, the:
owner of it, ihouM not dare to take a fingle graia
therefrom, when an hungred ; and (hould rather feed
upon bitter herbs : if, while a thoufand ho^fkeads of
Chian, or old Falernian, is flored up within ; nay^
three hundred thoufand, he drinks nothing but what
is mere (harp vinegar : again ; if wanting but one
year of eighty, he fhould lie upon ftraw^ who has.
good bed-cloaths rotting in his cheft, the food of
worms and moth? : he would feem mad, be like, but
to few perfons ; becaufe^the greatefi: part of mankind
labour under the fame malady.

Thou dotard, hatef\il to the Gods, doft thou guard
^<it poJJeJSoms for fear of wanting th3rfelf, to the end
that thy Ion, or even the freedman thy heir, ihould
gazzlc it all up? For how little will each day dadodfrom

yowf

( "6 )

Ungerc fi caules ol^ meliore, caputquc J2$

Coepetie impexa fisdum porrigine ? quare,
Si quidvis fatis eft, peijuras, furripi^, aufers
TJndique ? tun* fanas ! populum ii csdere faxis
Incipias, faj fervofque tuos, quos acre pararis ;
Infanum te omnes pueri, clamentqiie puellae. J30
Cum laqueo uxorem interimis, matreroque veoeno,
Incolumi capite es ? (hj Quid enim ? Neque tu hoc

facis Argis,
Nee ferro, utdemens/^cy genitricemoccidis Orcftes.
Aa tu reris eum occifo infaniiTe parente ?
Ac.non ante mails dementem a6lum Furiis, quam 13 j
In matris jugulo ferrum tepefecit acutum }
Quia, ex quo ed habitys male tutae mentis Orefles^
Nil fane facit quod tu reprendere poflis ;
Noa Pyladen fcrro violare, aufufve fororem ♦

Eledram : tantum maledicit utrique^ vocando, 140
Hanc furiam^ hunc aiiud, ju£it quod fplendida biii«.

Pauper Opimius argenti poiiti intus et auri.
Qui Veicntanum feftis potare diebus .
Campana folitus trulda, vappamqiie profeftis,
Quondam kthargo graftdieft opprdTqs ; ut heres 145
Jam circum loculos et claves laetua ovanfque
Cutxeret, hunc saedicus multiun : celer at que fideiis
;.£xcitat hoc pa6io : meniam poni jubet^ atqiie
*£frundi faccos nummorum, accedere phu'es
Ad numeranduirf : hominem fie erigit* addit et illud ^
Ni tua cuilodis, avidus jam hasc auferet heres t^i
Mca* vivo ? Ut vivas igttur, (dj vigila-j hoe agei

. Quidvis?!
Deficient ^ni^^em- vense le, ni cibus atque
(ej Ingen^ acoedat ftpmacho fultura mentis

(a) Scrv^fve, tuo quos aere. Faker, (b) QuiUni r neque cnlm
hoc facis Ai-gi. (c) Genetricem occidit Orelles. (d) Yigila :
hoc ago. "Sanad, (c) Prxfens accedit. Btntl,

1!

Tu»

( "7 )

J^ur capital, if you begin to pour better oil upon your
greens, and your head, fikhy with the fcurf not
combM out of it ? If any thing is a fufficiency, where-
fore you are giiilty of pei^ury, 'unberrfore do you rofc
and plunder from all quarters ? Are you in your fenfes?
If you were to begin to pelt the populace with ftones,
and your Haves, which you purchafcd with your owA
Inoney ; all the very boys and girls will cry out a mad
man. When you difpatch your wife with a rope, and
your mother withpoifon, are you right in your head ?
For what ? You neither did this at Argos, nor with
the fword, as the mad Oreftes flew his mother. What,
dojyou imagine that he ran mad after he had murder-
ed his parent ? And that he way not rather ^vovc mad
by the wicked furies, before he warm'd his fhar|) fteel
in his mother's throat ? Nay, from the time Orefles is
decm*d fyyon to have been of a dangerous difpofition,
he did nothing in fadt that you can blame : he did n6t
dare to offer violence with his fword to Pyladcs, nor
his lifter Eleftra : he only gave ill language to both of
them, by calling her a fury, and him fome other offir^
hriffus ndmt^ that his violent cholcr fuggefted.

Opimius, poor amongft heaps of iilver and gold
hoarded up within his atm pqffejion^ who ufed to drink
out of Campanian ware the meagrt Veientine wine on
holidays, and mere dregs on common days, was fome
time age t^ken Vrith a prodigious lethargy ; infomuch
that his heir was alreadyfcouring about his coffers and
keys, full of joy and triumph. His phyfician, a man
of much fidelity and difpatch, raifes him in this man-
tier : he orders a table to be brought, and the bags of
irioney to be poured out, and feveral perfons to ap-
proach in order to tell it : by this method he fets the
man upon his legs again. And at the fame time he
addrelTed him to this effeA : " Unlefs you guard your
*« money, your ravenous heir will even now carry off,
* * thefe treafuns of yours.'* What, while I am alive ?
That you may live therefore awake ; obferve this tf^-
viV^. What wouM you have me do ? Why your blood
will fail you that are fo reduced, unlefs food andfom^B
great reuorative be adaiii^iller'd (o your decay'd fto-

macbt

J I

( ii8 )

Tu cdTas ? agedum ; fume hoc ptilanariuin oiy^ae*! i j
Qiianti (a) em^se-? Farvo. /^^^ Qyanti ergo ? Oflo

a(Ebu5. Eheu \
Quid referti morbo, an fuitis pereamne rapinis ?

Qui fnam igitur fanus? Qui non ftultus. Quid a varusi
Stultus et inianus. Quid ? £ quis non fit avarus ?
Continuo fanus ? Minime* Cur Stoice P Dicam* i6o
Non efl cardiacus (Craterum dixifTe putato)
Hie aeger. Re&e eft igitur, furgetque ? Negabit ;
Quod latus, aut renes xnorbo tententur acuto*
Non eft perjurus^ neque (brdidus^ immoiet sequis
Hie porcum Laribus. verum ambitiofus et audax* i ^
Naviget Anticyranu quid cnim differt, barathronc
Ponee quidquid habes, an nunquam utare paratis ?

Servius Oppidius Canufi duo pnedia, dives
Andquo ceniu, gnatis divifle duobus
Fertur, et hocmorienspuerisdixilTe vocatis I'jm

Ad le£luin : Poftquam te talps, Aule, nucefque
Ferre (Inu iaxo, (c) donare, et ludere vidi ;
Te, Tibori, numerare, cavis abfcondere triftem ;
jExtimui, ne vos ageret vefania difcors ; .
Tu Nomentanutti) tu ne fequerere Cicutam. 17 j

Quare per Divos oratus uterque Penates,
Tu cave ne minuas ; tu ne majus facias id
Quod fatis effe putat jpater, et natura coercet*
Prasterea ne vos titillet gloria, jure,
Jurando obftringam ambo : uter sedilis, fueritve i8«
Veftruxn praBtQr^isinteftabiliset Gicerc^o.

(a) Quanti erofium. Cunn, (h) Quanti ergo } O^uflibttS*

(r) Donare et perdeic. BintU et credes*. Cunn.

Itt

{ ii9 )

mach* Do you hefitate i Come on ; take this ptifaii
Qiade of rice. How much did it coft ? . A ta&c. How
much then ? Eight * aiTes. Alas ! what does it mat-
ter, whether I die of a difeaie, or by theft and rapioeP

Who then is found ? He who is not a fooL What
is the covetous man ? Both a fool and a mad man.
What ? if a man be not covetous; is he tJbereffre'nn'^
mediately to be J!?^/»V found ? By no means. Why, fo.
Stoic ? I will r tell you* Such a patient (fuppofe Cra-
terns thephyfician faid fo) is not iick at the heart* Is
he therefore well, and (hall he get up ? "Noy he will
forbid that : becaufe hb fide or his reins are vexed
with an acute difeafe* In like manner fuch a man is
fiot peijured, nor fordid. Let him then facrifice a hog
to his propitious houihold Gods* But he is ambitious
and afTuming. Let him therefore make a voyage to
Anticyra. For what is the difference, whether you
fquander whatever you have upon a fcounrel, ormak*
no ufe of your acquifitions ?

Servius Oppidius, rich in tlie pofleffion of an anci-
ent eftate, is reported, when dying, to have divided two
farms at Canufium betwixt his two fons, and to have
addreiled the boys, called to his bedfide, in this manner:
Whien I faw vou, Aulus, carry your play-things and
nuts carelefsiy in your bofom, and to give them and
game them away ; you,' Tiberius, to count them^
and anxious hide them in holes ; I was afraid left a
madnefs of a different nature fhoiild pofiefs you hoth ;
left you, Aidusy (hould follow the example of Nomen*
tanus, tfffJyou, Ttheriuty that of Cicuta. Wherefore
each of you, intreated by our houihold Gods, do you
take care left you leilen ; you left you make that gteat*
er, which your father thinks, and the purpofes of na^-
ture determine to be fufficient. Furthermore, left
glory fhould entice you, I will bind each of you by an
oath : which ever or you ftiall be an edile or a prsetor,
let him be excommunicated and accurfed. Would you

t 72v afi v/ai ttbeui thrte farthings ofeur money.

deftrc^

( 120 )

In cipere atque faba bona tu, perdafque lupinist*
(a) Latus ut in circo fpatiere, aut aeneus ut fles j
fh) Nudus agris, riudus nummis, infane, paternis ?
Scilicet ut plaufus/quos fcrt Agrippa, feras tu, 185
Aftuta ingcnuum vulpes imitata leonem ?

•

Ne qui J humaffe velit Ajaceni, Atrida, vetas cur ?
Hex fum. nil ultraquap.ro plebeius. £t sequam
Rem imperito : at fi cui videor non juftus, inulto
^ Dicere," quae fentit, permitto. Maxinie regum. 190
Di tibi dent capta (c) clafTem reducere Troja :
Ergo confulere, et mox refpondere licebit ?
Confule. Cur Ajax heros ab Achille fecundus
l*utrefcit, tQties fervatis clarus Achivis j *
Gaudeat ut populus Priami Priamufquc inhumato, 19 J
Per quern tot juycnes patrio caruere fepulchro ?
MiUe ovium infanus morti dedit, inclytum Ulyflem .
Et Menelaum una mecum fe occidere damans.
Tu cum pro vitula flatuis duicem Aulide gnatam
Ante aras, fpargifque mda caput, improbe, falfa ;
Redhim animi fervas ? Quorfum ? Infani» quid enim
Ajax 20X

Fecit, cum ilravit ferro pecus ? abAinuit vim
Uxore et gnato, mala multa precatus Atridis :
Non iUe aut Teucrum, aut ipfum violavitUlyfiem*
Verum ego, ut h^rentes adv^rfo litore naves 205
Eriperem, prudens placavi fanguine Divos.
Nempe tuo, furiofe. Meo, fed non furiofus,
(d) Qui fpecics alias veri, fcekrifque, tumuko

^a) LcQtas ut in Circo* J/^/it/I Laigus ut. MnrlL (h) K««
^s«gri. ^r^ CUflemdeduccreTioja* f<i^ Qgi fpcctts ftlias veris*

Per-

{121 )

deftroy your dkds in largejjes of ♦ peafe, beans, and
lupines, that you may ftalk in the Circus at large, or
iiand reprefented in a ftatue of brafs ; a madman, flript
of paternal eftate, ftript of your money ? To the end,
fbrfooth, ths^t you may gain thofe applaufes, which
Agrippa gains, a cunning fox imitating a generous
lion ?

O' Agamemnon, why do you prohibit any one from
burying Ajax? I am a king.. Being a plebeian, I
make no further enquiry* And I command a jiiili-
fiable thing : but if I fecm unjuft to any one, I permit^
him to fpeak his fentiments with impunity, Greateft
of kings, may the Gods grant, that after the taking
of Troy, you may con^iuS your fleet fafe home : may
I then have the liberty to aik quedions, and reply in
ray turn ? Aik. Why does Ajax, a hero, fecond onl^
to Achilles, rot ahtwe ground^ fo often rendered glori-
ous for having faved the Grecians ; that Priam, and
Priam*s people may exult in his being unburied, by
whofe means fo many youths have been deprived q(
their country rites of fepulture ? In his madnefs he
killed a thoufand iheep, crying out at the faint time^
that he was deftroying the famous Ulyfles and Mene-
laus, together with me. When you at Aulis fubfti-
tuted your fwect daughter in the place of a heifer be-
fore the altar, and, impious ! fprinkled her head with
the fait cake ; did you preferve fonndnefs of mind ?
Why not ? What then did the mad Ajax do, when
he (lew the flock with his fword ? He abftained from
any violence on his wife or child, tho* he imprecated
many curfes on the fons of Atreus : he neither hurt
Teiiccr, nor even Ulyifes himfelf. But I, out of pru-
dence, appeafe the Gods with the blood of my dau^h^
ier^ that I might loofe the fliips that were detained on
an advcrfe fliore? What, madman, with your own
fadood ? With my own, hutyetlvrzs not mad. Who-
ever (hall form images foreign from truth, and con-
fufed in the tumult of impiety, will always be reckoned

• Uf natty given to the populace by tandidates for thafe fo/ls of ho^
neur»

Vol. IL F difturbed

( 122 )

Permiflas, capiet, coromotus habebitur : atque
Stultitiane errer^ nihilum diflabit, an ira. ■ 210

Ajax, cum immeritos occidit, deftpit, agnos ?
(aj Cum prudens fcelus ob titules admittis inanes,
Stas animo ? et purum eft, vitio tibi cum tumidum eft

cor?
Si quis le6bica nittdam g^ftare amet agnam ;
Huic veftemy ut gnatae, paret ancillas^^aret aurum ;
Fufam, aut pu£ilam appelLet, fortique marito a 16
Deftinet uxorem ; interdi6lo huic omne adimat jus
Praetor, et ad fanos abeat tutela propinquos.
Quid ? fi quis gnatam pro nauta devovet agna,
Integer eft animi ? ne dixeris. ergo ubi prava 27CQ
Stultitia, hie flimma eftinfania : qui fceleratus,
£t furiofufi erit : quern cepit vitrea fama,
Hunc circumtonuit gaudens fiellona ^ruentis.

Nunc, age, luxuriara et Nomentanum arripe me-

cum :
Vincet enim flultos ratio infanire nepotes* z^i^

Hie fimul accepit palrimoni milk talenta, ,
Edicet, pifcator uti,.pomariu5, auceps,
Unguentarius, ac Tufci turba impia vici.
Cum fcutris, fartor, cum Velabro omne macellum
Mane domum veniant* (b) Quid lum ? Vcnere fre-

quentes« 250

Verba facit leno : Quidquid mihi, quid<quid et horum
Cuique domi eil, id crede tuum ; et vei nunc pete vel

eras
Accipe, quid contra juven is refponderit sequvis.
Tu nive Lucana dorrois ocreatus, ut aprum ^34

Ccenem ego : tu pifces hiberno (c) ex acquore verris :
Ssgnisego, indlgnus qui tantum poflideam* aufer :
Sume tibidecics; tibi tantundem \ tibi triplex,

(a) Tu, prudeas Tceius obthuloscum'tdmittl^. Btnil^ (h) Quid
4niiin ? Tfaeie. QiucumvcAece. J^^nt/. /^ £x severe v«UIs«

Undc

I

{ 123 )

^difturbed la mind ; and it will not matter whether he
do a wrong thing thro' folly or rage. Is Ajax deli-
irions while he kills the harmlefs lambs? Are you right
in your head when you wilfully commit a crime for
^mpty titles ? - and is your heart pure, while it .is
fwoln with the vice ofamhithn? If any perfon (hould
take a delight to carry about with him in his fedan a
pretty lambkin^ and(hon\6. provide cloaths, ftiould
provide maids and gold for it, as for a daughter ;
ihould call it child, or little baby, antl fhould de-
fline it a wife for fome flout hulband ; the-prsetor
would take power from him being intetdifted, and th^
management of him would devolve to his relations that
were intherr fenfes. What, if- a man devote his
daughter inilead of a dumb lambkin, is he right of
mind ?* Never fay it. Therefore where there is a
fooiiih depravity, there wUl be the height of madnefs :
he who is wicked will be frantic too : Bellona, who
delights in bloodfhed, has thundered about his iffod^
, whom precarious fame has captivated.

Now, come on, arraign me with luxury and No-
mentanus : for reafon will evince that foolifii fpend-
th rifts are mad. Thisy>/^v, as foon as he received
a thoufand talents of patrimony, iflues an order that
the fiihmonger, the fruiterer, the poulterer, the per-
fumer, and the impious gang of the Tufcan alley,
promptors and buffoons, the whole (hambles, together
with tf//* Velabrum, ftiouldcome to his houfein the
morning. What was the confequence ? ff7?y they
came in crouds. The pander makes a fpeech :
•* Whatever I, or whatever each of thefe has at home,
•' believe it to be entirely yours ; and give your order
•* for it either directly or to morrow." Now hear
what reply the confiderate youth made. ** You fleep
♦* with your boots on in the Lucanian fnow, that I may
** feaft on a boar 1 you fweep the wintry feas for fifli :
*< I am indolent, and unworthy topolTefs fo much.
<* Here away with it : do you take tor your Jhare ten
i* hundred thoufand feilerces ; you as much ; you

* /f pliee in Rome where oil Is fold,

F 2 ' « thrice

( "4 )

Unde uxor media currat de nodle vocata#
Filius ^fopi dftra^tam ex aure Metclla:
(Silicet ut decics (plidum exforberet) aceto 240

Diluit InBgnem baccam : qui Tan lor, ac^fi
lUud idem in rapidum flumen jaceretve cloacam ?
Quinti progenies Arri, par qobile fratrum, ^
Nequitia et nugis, pravorum et amore gemellumy
Lulcinias foliti impenfb prandere coemtaSy 245

Quorfum abeant ? (aj fanin ? creta an carboac no-
tandi?

^dificare caias, ploftello adjungere mures,
Ludere par impar, equitare in arundine longa^
Si . qilbm delediet barbatum ; amentia verfet.
Si puerilius his ratio efTe evincet amare ; 250

Nee quicquam difFerre, utrumne in pulvere, trimus
Quale prius, ludas opus, an meretricis amore
Solicitus plores : quaero, faciafr^e quod olim
Mutatiis rolemon r ponas infignia morbi,
Fafciolas, cubital, focalia ? potus ut iile 255

Dicitur ex collo Airtim carphlTe coronas, .
Foftquam eft impranfi correptus voce magiftri»
Forngis irato puero cum poma, ^ecufat :
Sume catelle ; negat : fi non des, optat* amator
£xclufus qui diflat ? agit ubi Tecum, eat. an non 260
Quo rediturus erat non arcelTitus ; et bseret
Invifis foribus, fbj Nee nunc, cum me vocet ultro,
Accedam ? an potius mediter finire dblores }

(a) Sani >, an creta, an carbone notati ?
me vocet.

(b) Nc nunc, cum

Exclufit ;

( 125 )

*' thrice the fum, from whofe hou/e yonr fpouferuBs,*
•* when called for, at midnight.'* The fon of iEfo-
pus, t6e a&Wj (that he might forfooth fwallow a
million of fefterces at a draught) diiTolved a precious
pearly which he had taken from the ear of Metella, in
vinegar : how much wifcr was h* in doing this^ than if
he had thrown the fame into a rapid river, or the com-
mon fewer ? The progeny of Quintus Anus,' an^ il-*
luftrious pair, of brothers, irTU twins in wickedn^ls
and trifling, and the love of depravity, ufed to dine
upon nightingales bought at a vaft expence ; how do
thefeturn out ? To be in their fenfes ? A re .they to be
mark'd with * chalk or charcoal ?

If an agedperfon with a long beard ihould take a
delight to build baby-houfes, to yoke mice to a go-
. cart, to play at odd and evtn^and to ride upon a long
cane y madnefs mud be his motive* If reafon ihaU
evince, that to be in love is a more childilh thing
than thefe; and that there is no difl^rence whether
you play the fame games in the duft, as when three ,
years old, or anxious whine for iht laVe of an harlot %
I beg to know, if you'll aft as the reformed f Pole-
mon did of old > Will you lay afide thofe cnfigns of
your difeafe, your rollens, your mantle, yourmuSlcfs?
As he in his cups is faid to have » privately torn the
chaplet from his neck, after fee was corre£^ by the
fpeech of his fafling mafter. . When you offer apples
to a.crofs boy, he rfefufesthem : here, take them, you
little dog; he dWiies.yOtiJ 4f you give'fhanA not, ha
wants 'em. In what does an excluded lover differ
from fuch a hoy f When he -argues' with himfelf whe-
ther he, (hould go or not, to that very place he was
returning to, without being fent for ,• ,and cleaves to
the hated doors : ** What, Ihall I not go to her now
** when Ihe invites me of her own accord? Or (hall
^' I rather think of putting an end to my pains ? She

♦ A proverbial exprelpon for either being acquitted or condemned*
+ ^olemoQ, a noiorious rake, that went drunk into the fchwd of
Xenocrates^ by whom he was refonmd^ and. afterwards became his

difpU,

F 3 «« ba»

( 126 )

Excluih ; revocat : redeam ? non, fi obfecret^ Ecce
Servus non paulo fapientior : O here, quse re$ 26^
Nee modumhabet, neque conlilium, ratione modoque
Traftari non vul't. in amore haec funt mala : bellum,^
Fax rurram, h%c fi quis tempeftatis prope ritu
Mobiiia, et caeca fluitantia forte, laboret
Reddere certa fibi ; nihilo plus explicet, ac d 27a
Infanire paret certa ratione modoque.
Quid? cum Picenis exccrpenSsfemma pomisy.
Gaude?, fi camieraQi percuili forte ; penes, te es ?
Quid ? cum balba feris annoTa verba palato,
2&di£^caQte cafus qui fanior ? addecnior«m 275.

Stultitiae, atque ignem gladio fcrutare. mode, inquam»,
Helladc percuffa^^Marius cmn praecipitat fc,
Cerrttu3 fuit ? an commotae crimine mentis
Abfolves bominem, et fcelens damnabii cundeiOi^
£x more imponem cognata vocabula i^bus ?

Libertinus erat| qui circum compita ficcus
(4i) Lautis mane fenez manibus currebat, et unum*
(b) (Qjiid tarn magnum ? addens) unum me furpite

morti, ^

Dis etenipD facile cft| osabat ; fanus utrifque
Auribus atque oculis : mentem, nifi litigioiliSy 285.
Exciperet oominus, cum venderet. hoc quoque vulgus
Chry fippus ponit fecun<b in gente Menenii^

Jupiter,, ingentes qui das adimifque doloreSf
^Mater ait purl menfes jam qiuinque cubantis)

(0l) \jsm auuM Ctaa maaibnt.. (h), Qjiiddam magnum*

Frigida

( 127 )

^* lias excluded me; (he recalls me: (hall I refum f
** No, not if ih&ilioold befeech me," Obferve the fer*
vant, not alhtiemfer: ^* O mafter, that which* has
** neither moderation nor condu^^^ cannot be guided
*' by reafon or method. In love thefe evils are inhe-
^^ rent ; war oaewhiiey then peace again. If any one
** fhouM endeavour to afcertain thefe things, that are
*' various as the weather, and dudluating by blind
** chance ; he will make no more of it, than if he
*^ (hould fet about raving by right reafon and rule*''
What ? whea picking the pippins from the Picenian
apples, you rejoice if haply you have ilruck the vaulted
roof: are you yourfelf ? Vvhat?^ when you ihike pur
faultcring accents from your antiquated palate, how
much wifer ^etc you than a chiU that builds houies ef
€iay ^ nem to the folly if love add Uoodflied, its coMfg"
quence^ and * ftir the fire with ft fword. I aik you»
when Marius lately, after he had ftabbM Hellas,
thfew himfelf down a precipice, was he raving mad i
Or will you abfblve the man fnom theimputationof a
difturbed mhid, and condemn him for the crime, ac«
cording to your cuftooi, impofingon things names that
have an affinity f injignification t

There was a certain fceedman, who, an old man,
ran aEoot the ftreets in a momisg ^(ling, with hit
hands waflwdi and prayed tbus^^ ** Snatoi me alone
** from death ;. (adding, for what fc great thing it
'' it?) me alone, for it is an ealy matter for tho
** Gods;'* tbh pmm was found in both his ears and
eyes ; hut his mailer, when he fold him, would ex*
cept his underitanding, unlefs he was fond of law-
fnits* This croud too Chryfippus places in the fruit*
fnl family of Menenius |.

O Jupiter, who mfli£ieli and takeft away the great-
eft affli^ions, (cries the mother of the boy now lying

* A proverbial ex^tfien fir mtkirtg had nvorfi.

f In crdtr to make a dfiinSien viheee tbtre Is no dijftnnttffirmHcl^
eine/s (argues be) ismadnefs,

J Tbefimify ^Menenitti— tf craat^ f^fi^ */' mamreus and iU
lujriousf amity.

.( 128 )

Frigida ft puerem quartana reliquerit ; illo ig%

Manedie, quo tu mdicis jeguma, nudus .

In Tiber! ftabit. Cafus medicufve levarit

^grum ex praecipiti ; mater delira necabit

In gelidafixum ripa, febrimque rieducet,

Qyone malo mentcm conqufla ? timore Deorum» 295

Haec tnihi Stertinius, fapientuiA o6bvufi, amico
Arma dedit, .pofthac ne compellarer inultus*
Dixerit infanum qui me^ totidem audtet ; atque
Refpicere ignoto aifcet pendentia tergo.

Stoiae, poft damnum fie vendas omnia pluris : 500
.Qya me ftultitia (quoniam non eft genus unum)
infanire putas ? ego nam videor mihi lanus.
Quid ? caput CaJMciSvan demens cum jportat Agart
(Grnati infelicis, fibi turn furioTa videtur r
3tultum me fatitor (liccat cooce^cre Veris)-
Atque etiam infanum ; tauitum hoc ediflere, quo hia'
u£grotare putei animi vitio. Accipc : primum
.£difica$ ? hoc eft, lonftos imitaris, ab imo
Ad fummum totus modiui bipe^alis : et idem
Corpore majorem rides Turoonis in armis 310

^pintum et inceflum : qui n4icuius minus ilk) ?
An quodcunque facit MascenaSy te ^pioquevenim eft^
Taoto diffimilemf et tanto certare minoKa P
Ab&ntis rai)« pullts viiuli pede preQs;

(a) AKciiTuvi ntvaibni cum portti

Uqus

t

t

( lag )

Jci^-htd for -five months) if /^/j cold qvaart^n ague
fhoiild leave the child ; that day, in the morning on
which you injoin a fafti he (haki ftand naked in the
Tiber. Should chance, or the phyfician, relieve the
patient from hk imminent danger ; the infatuated mow
ther viriii deftrby ihe hey placed on d cold ban)^, and
will bring back the fever. With what diforder of the
mind is (he ftricken ? Why, with zfnperjti$i^us fear of
the Gods I

Thcfe arms Stertinhir, the eighth of the wife men,
gave tt) me, as to a friend, that tor thefature I might
»ot be rotrgWy acfeoftcd without pevengiifg tnylelf.
Whofoever thall- call me ma<knan) fhittthea^ aa much
from me in return ; and ihali learn to look back upon
the ^ bag that hangs behind him.

O Stoic, fo may you, after your damage, fell alt
your merchandifes the better : what folly (for it feems
there are more kinds than one) doyoo think I am in-
fatuated with! For to myfelf I ieem quite found*
What ? when f Agave carries the amputated head of
berunhap^yirfaii in her hands, does ihe then feemmad
to herfeif } I allow myfelf a fool (let me yield to the
truth) aad a madman likewjife : only declare this^
With. what ^0r//ayi<sr difiemper of miad you think me
afflicted. Hear then : in the firfi place you build ;
that is, tbo* from top to bottom jm^^r^ but of the two-
foot fize, you imitate the tall : zxadyet yon, the fame
perfon, laugh at the fpirk and ftrut of | Turbo in ar-*
mour, too. great for his Uttie body: fray how are you
lefs ridiculous than him ? What is it fitting, that in
every thing Maecenas does, you, who are fo very
much unlike him, and fo much his inferior, fiiou'd
vie with him i The young ones of a frog being in her

* Alluding to a fahte of Mfa^f where Jupiter is feigned to hove
fut two bags upen every man, the enefWd ivi/h his neighbours faults,
'hefore, the otheff Jill*d nvi/h his own, behind i fo that be fees the for"
merf but not the loiter,

f AgvrtJIew her fon Vtnthevafir defpifing the Bacchanalian crc*
monies.

i Tarbo was a Uttkfhrutting gladiator*

"" F i abfcnce

( 130 )

Uiius ubi tfiugit, matri denarrat, ut ingens 3 15

Bellua cognatot eliferlt. ilia rogare,

Quantane ? (a) num tandeni} fe inflansi fie magna

fuiflct i
(h) Major diinldio. ^um tanto ? Cum magis atque
Se ma^U infiaret ; poo, -fi te rupcris, iuquit.
Par ens. Haec a te non multum abludit imago. 320
Addc J)oeinata nunc : (hoc eft, oleum adde camino)
Quae n quis (anus fecit, fanus 'facis et tu.
Non dico horrendam rabiem-— Jam defide— Cultuin
Majorem cenfu— -Teneas, Damafippe^ tuis te— «
Miile pueUaruro,^ pueiorum mille nirore^F*— 325

O major tandem parca> infana minoru

S A T Y R A IV.

Catli nefcie ci^usfaiuitatem irriikty quifummam htminti
/ilicitatim in arte culinMria ponentm-

UNDE, et quo Catius? Non* ell miki tempuB
aventi
Ponere figna novis pratceplis v qualia vincant
Pythagoran, Anytique reum, do(6himque Platona,
Peccatum fateor, cum te fic tempore lacvo
Interpellanm : fed des veniam bonus^ oro.
Quoa ii interciderit tibi nunc aliquid, repetes mox ;
Stve eit naturae hoc, five artis, minis utroque^
Quin id erat curae, quo pa6lo ciinda tenerem ;
Utpote res tenues, tenut fermone pera£bis.
Edehomintsnomen ^ (c) fimul et Romanus, an hofpes*
i^d) Ipfa memor praecepta canam : celabitur audor,

^ (a) Num tantum, fufflans fe^ mag^na fuiflct } (b) Major per«
nimio) num taotum ? BentL (c) Simul aa Rpmaatis. (d) ^(e
Memor pnrcepta canasa.

Longa

( >^ )

abfeoce crulL'd I7 the foot of a calf, when one of them
had made his efcape, he told his mother what an huge
beafi had daihM his brethren to pieces. She began to
aik, how big ? What, prithee, was it fo great ? fanfs
Jbty puffing up herfelf : then the young &ne anfwertd^
greater by half : What, fo big ? When (he had fwcll'd
herfelf more and more; if you fliould burft yourfelf,
fays he, you will not be equal to it. This image bears
no ill allu£on to you.. Now add poems : (that is, add
oil to the fire) which, if ever any man in his fenfea
maie^ why fo do you. I do not mention yoiu: horrid
r^ige of temper^ — At length, have done— Your way
of living beyond your fortune.— Confine yourfett
to your own aflfairs, Damafippus. — ^Thofe thoufand
pafiions for the fair. Thou greater madman, at ]s&^
Ipare thy inferior.

S A T I R E IV.

Hi rUicuUs the abfurditf of one Catius, i}iho placed thr
fymmit cf Immanfelicity in the culinaiy art,

WHENCE, and whither, Catius? I hare not
time to informyou^ being defisous of impreffin|^
ffh my memory fome new precepts r fuch as may excel
Pythagoras, and ^ him that was accufed by Anytus^
and the learned Plato. I acknowledge m^ offence,
fince I have interrupted you at fo unluckv a jun6hire :
but grant me your pardon, gpod fir, I befeech you.
If any thing fhould have (lipped you now» you will
prefently recoiled it : whether this ialtnt of yours be
of nature, or of art,.y^r you are amazing in both*
Nay, but I was folicitou9».howI might retain all /^^
precepts ; ^s being things of a delicate nature, and in ai
delicate ftyle. . , Tell me the name of this perfonage ;
and at the fame time whether he is a Roman, or a.
foreigner ^ As I have- them by heart, I will recite the
precepts : the author muft be concealed.

* Socntes, vobo fMosJalfefy aetufidhy Melitus and Anytus rfcoU"

F 6 Obfcrve^

( 132 )

Longa quibuA facies ovis erity ilia, memento,
Ut fucci melioris, et ut (a) magis alba rotundis,'
Ponere : namquc mar^m eohibent callofa vitcllum*
Caule fltburbano, qui ficcis crcvit in agris, 15

Dulciot : irriguo nihil eft elutius horto.
Si vefpertinus fubito te ^prefTerit hofpes ; J

Ne ^allina malum re^niet dura palato, \

Do£lus eris vivam (h) mifto merlarc Falerno ; "
Hoc tei\eram faciet. pratenfibus eptima fimgis 20
Natura eft : aliis male creditur. ille falubres
dilates peragety qui nigris prandia moris
Finiet, ante gravem quae legerit arbore folem*
Aufidius forti mifcebat melTa Falerno,
Mendofe : quoniam vacuis committere veni3 2^
Mil niii lene decet : leni praecordia mulfo
Froluris melius, fi dura inorabitur alvus ;
JMitulus et viles pellent obftantia concha?,
£t lapathi brevis herba ; fed albo non fine Coo*
Lubrica nafcentes implent conchylia lunae. ^ 3,0 ^^

Sed non pmne mare eA: generoiee fertile teftas*
Murice fiaaana meltOF Lucrina peloris x . -

' Oftrca Citcaeis, Mifeno oriuntur echini :

Pedinibus patulis jaAat fe moUe Tarentum.
^ Kec fibi ccenarum qutvis temere arroget artem, jg
Non prius exa6la tenui ratione faporum*
Nee latis efl cara pifces averrere menfa,
Ignarum quibus eu ju3 aptlus, et quibus aflis
Languidus in cubitum jam fe conviva reponct.
Umber, et iligna nutritus glande, rotundas 40

Curvat aper lances carnem vitantis inertem :

(a) Magis alma rotundls. BentU Alta (?. t.) «!entiora» Curml
('^} Muftomerfare Falerno. BtmU

Nam

l»

f J33 )

Obfcnre, in the firfi place^ to fcrvc op thofe eggs that
are of an oUong make, as being of fweeter flavour^
and finer coiour^ than the round ones ; for being
tough- fhell'dy they contain a naale yolk. Cubage
that grows in dry lands^ is fweeter than that about
town : nothing is more flaiby than a garden much
watered. If a vifitor (hould come unexpectedly upon
you in the evening ; left the old hen, being tou^^h^
prove difagreeable to his palate, you muu be iqt
ilruCted to drown it in Falemian wine, miiKed imth
tvater ; this will make i€ tender. The muihrooms tha^
grow in meadows are of the beft kind ; all others are
dangeroufly trufted. That man (hall fpend hi& fum**^
mers healthy, who (hall fintfh his dinners with mui*
berries black tvith ripenejsj which he fliall h^ave sa-^
thePd from the tree, before the fun is too powerUiU
Aufidius ufed to mix honey with ftrong Falernian^
injudicioudy : becaufe it is fitting to commit nothinj^
to the empty veins, but what \& emollient : yyii will^
with more propriety, wafh your ftomach with fofit
mead. * If your belly fliould be hard bounds limping
and coarie cockles will remove lor// obArud^ions ; like^
wife leaves of fmall forrel^, but not without Co^
white wine; The increafmg moons fill put the lubri-
cating ihell-fifh. But evtVY fea is not alih produc*
tive of the exquifite forts. The Lucrine muicle is
better than the Batan burret : tbi hefi oyfters come
from the Circean promontory : cray»fiih from Mife-
num ! the foft Tarentum plumes herfelf csu her broad
'fcallops. Let no one preiiimptuoufly arrogate to him-
felf the fcience of banqueting, unlefs the nice dodriae
of tafles has been previoufly con£ider^d by him with
great exa^nefs. Nor is it enough to fweep away a par-
cel of fifhcs from the expenfive ftall, while he remains
Ignorant for what fort ftew'd fauce is more proper, and
what being roafted, the fated guefb will prefently- * re>«

Elace himlelf oix his elbow. Let the boar from Um-
ria, and that which has^ been fed with the acorns of
the fcarlet oak, bend the round difhes of that perfon,

* Suc^was thf wing fojiure of the Romaas«

who

( 134 y

Nam Laurens tnalus eft, ulvis et anindine pinguis*.

Vinea funimittit capreas non Temper edules*.

Fecundi leporis fapiens fedtabitur armos.

Pifcibus, atquc avibus, quse naturaj et forct actas, 45,

Ante mcum nuUi patutt fa J quxfita palatum.

Sunt quorum ingcnium nova^ tantum cruftula promk,,

Nequaquam fatis in r^una confumere curara : 4

Ut n quis folum koc, male ne tint vina, laboret ; ^

Qualiperfundat pifcesfecurusolivo*. j^q

Mafliea (i codo fupponas vinaiereno,.

No8;uma, ii quid, craffi eft, tenuabitur aura,

£t decedet odor nervis inimicus : at ilia

Integrum perdunt lino vitiata faporem,

Surrentina vafer qui mi feet face Falcrna jj,

Vina, columbine limum bene colligit ovo :

Quatenus ima petit volvens alienavitellus,.

Toftis marcentem fquillis recreabis «t Afra '

Potorem cochlea : nam la£buca innatat acri

Pbft vinum ftomacho : pema magis ; ac magis billis 60 ]

Tlagitat in morfus refici : quin omnia malit,
~ 'Quaccunque immundis fervent allata popini$*

£ft operas prccium duplieis pemolcere jpris

■Naturam* (implex c dulci oonftat olivo t.

At pingui milcere mero^muriaque decebif^ 6"^

Non alia quam qua ^^/Byaantia putruit orca.

Hocubi confufum fcftis inferbuit nerbis,

Corycioque croco (iparfum ft;etit^ iniuper addes

Prefla Venafranae quod bacca remilTu oliva? ..

Picenfs cedunt pomis Tiburtia fucco : 70

Nam facie praeftant. Vcnucula convenit ©His..
Regius Albanam fumo duraveris uvam*.

Hanc ego cum malis, ego fsecem primus,, et alec,
(cj Primus et inveniar piper album cum fale nigro

fa) Qaaefita palato, (hj B/fantia putait orca. (cJ Prixpus..
ctutveai*

Incrc^

( «3S )

who diflikes allfiabby itieat : for the Laurentkui^^Mr/",
fattea'd with flags and Feeds, it bad. The vineyard
does not always afford the moft eatable kids. A man
of fenfe will be food of the wioga of a pregnant har€»
What is the proper age. and nature ox fi& and fowl^
iio* enquired after,, never was difcovev'd before my
difiingui/hittg pHttte. There are fome, whofe genius
invents nothing but new kinds of pafiry . But to waile
one's care upon one thing, is by no means fufficient t
juft as if aov peribn ihoiSd ufe all his endeavours for
this only^ tnat the wine be doc bad.; quite carelefs, «i
ibefanu time^ what oil he pouf^.upon his fi(h. If you
put out: jf^ur MaSc wine ia fair we^thier ; if there is
any thick in it, it will be attenuated by the no6^umal
air, and that fmell, which is unfriendly to^the nerves,
will go off: but if filtrated thro* linen, U will lofe iti
entire flavour. He, who fkilfiiUy mixes the Surren-
tinian wine with Falemian lees, colleds the fediment
with a pigeon's egg : becaufe the yolk tends- to the
bottqfn,t rolling down .with it all/ the heterogeneous
parts. Tou amy roufe. the jaded toper with roaAed .
flirimps and African cockles : for lettuce after wine
floats upon the fower'd ftomach : by ham preferably ;
and by faufages rather it craves to be refiored to its
true tone and appetite :. nay, it will prefer every thing
which is brought fmoaking hot from the nafly eating
houies. It is worth while to be acquainted with the
two forts of fauce. The fimple cohfifts of fvveet oiF: but
it will Be proper to mix it with rich wine and pickle,
hut with no othtT pickle than that with which the By-
zantian jar has been tainted. When this, mixed with
ihredded herbs, has boiled, and, fprinkled with Co*
Tycian faffron, has ^ood fame time^ you fhall over and
above add what the bernr of the Van afran olive yields*,
when preffed. The Tiburtian yield to the Picenian
apples in juice : tho*^ they excel ia look. The Venu-
fian grape is proper for preferi^ing in pots. The Al-
banfan you had better harden in the fmoke. I am'
found to be the firft that ferved up this grape with
appfes in neat little plates, to be the ^vHUkewife that
firved up wine lees and herring brine, and white pep-
per

( »3* .)

Incretum, pum eireunipofatSt e^tilfis. ^^

Immane eil vitium, dare millia terna macello^
Anguftoque vagos pifces cirgere i2atino« , '

Magna lacvet flotnatho faftidiii'; feu pUer'trrvfti^i
Tradavit calicem diatlibucy dm« farm' iiguni^? ^^
Sive gravis veteri crateris lnn«$ a^iharfit^ '^

Vilibus m fcopia, in fnappis, in (cobe quantus ^

Cotififtit iumtus? negl«dis, flaigiuum ingens. t

Ten' laptdes varios latuknta Tadeve palma,
£t Tyrias dare circum iUota toralia veiles $
Oblitum, x{uanto caram fomtiiitM|ae 'mi nor em 'S^$
Haetc tiabtia^f, taiintp r^prendf 'joftiuf'i&lis <> ..-^
Quit: lilfi^divitibus nequeuat <toming4^e Beiettdl?^ •

* • »

(• Do6keCa^ per amicitum DivQ^jue rogatus^
Ducete me auditum, perges faj quocUDque^ mementos
Nam quafnvis referas memori mihi pe6tbre cun£la ;
Non tamen interpres taniundem juvefis; addie gi>
Vultum habitumque hominis; qirexxr m. vtdifTl: beatuS
Non magni jpendis, quia contigit : aC-mihi cura^-
KoO tftddiocrit ineft^ f&titti \xt adite^iremDlsoi'^ •'-'"
AtquehaUrireqlieam vitae^praeoeptabeatse.' 95

S A T Y R A V,

Jlereditaium. captatores quthui artlhus uterentur\ facetb
TJlyJfem inter et Tirepam dialogp exponitm, ^

HOC quoque, Tirefia, prseter^ narrata, peteriti
Refponde : quibus amiHas reparare queam res^
Artibus atque modis-— quid rides ? (bj Jamne, doloTe^
Non fatis eft Ithacam revehi^' patriolque penates

(a) QuumcuJique, Cunn. (h} Jamne dolofb.

< ' .

AffJ.

( 137 )

per finely mixed with black fait. It is an enormous
fault to beftow three thoufartd feftcrces on the fifh*
market, and to cramp the roving fifties in a narrow
difh. A great naufeating difturbs the flomach; if
^ either the flave touches the cup with greafy han^ds,
while he licks up fnacks : or if offenfive grime has ad- ■'
hered^ to the ancient goblet. In trays, in mats, in
faw-duft, that are fo cheap, what great expence can
there be ? But if they are negle6led, *tis an heinous
ihame. What, is it fitting that you ftjould fweep Mo-
faic pavements with a dirty broom made of palm, and
throw Tyrian carpets over the unwafhed fiimiture of
your couch ; not remembering, that by how much lefs
care and expence thefe things are attended with, fo
much the more juflly may the want of them be found
fault with, than with thofe things which cannot be
obtained, but at the tables of the rich ?

Learned Catius, entreated by our fricndfhip and the
Gods, remember to introdude roe to anaudien^ with
this great man^ whenever you fhall go to him; Fot
tho* by your memory you relate every lYimg faithfttlh
to me ; yet, as a relator, you cannot delight me in fo
high a degree. Add to this, the countenance and de-
portment of the man ,• whom you, happy in having
ie^n, do not much regard, becaufe it has been your
lot : but 1 have no fmall folicitude, that I may ap-.
proach the diftant fountain-heads, and imbibe the pre-
cepts oi/uch a bleOed life.

SATIRE V.

Jn an humorous diaJogue heiweeu Ulyfles and Tirefias,
he expofes thofe arts^ which the fortune-hunters made ^
ufe of in order to be appointed the heirs of rich old
men. '

BESIDES what you have already told me, O Tire-
fias, anfwer to this petition of mine : by what
arts and expedients may I be able to repair my ruinM
fortunes — ^why. do you laugh ? Docs it already feem
little to you, you cozener, to be brought back fafe

to

(^38 )

Afpicere ? O nulH quidquam mentite^ vMes^ ut ^
Nudus inopfque domum redcam, te vate : iicqjue illic
'Aut apotheca procris intadla c&^ aut pecus. atqui
£t genus, et virtus, nifi cum re, vilior alga eit*

Quando pauperiem (minis ambagibus) horres ;
Accipe qua ratione queas ditefcere. turdus, la

Sive aliud privum dabitur tibi ; devolet illuc,
Res ubi magna niter^ don^o fene : dulcia poroa^
£t quofcunque feretcultufi tibi fundus honores.
Ante Larem gullet venerabilior Lare dives :
Qui quamvis perjurus erir, fine gente, cruentus 15
Saliguine fraterno, fugitivus; ne tamen illi
Tu comes exterior, ii pofiulet, ire recufes*
Utne tegam fpurco Damae latus ? baud ita Trojae
Me geifi, certans Temper melioribus. Ergo
Pauper cris* Fortem boo animum tolerare jubebo iz^
Et quondam majora tuli. tu protinus, undo
Divitias, xrifque ruam, die, aujTur, acervos.
Di^^i equidem, et dico* captes aitutus ubique
Tefiamenta fenum : neu, &vafer unus et alter
Infidiatorem prserofo fugiern bamo 35.

Aut (pem deponas, aut artem illufus omittas.
Magna minorve foio fi res certabitur dim ; .
Vivet uter locuples fine gnatis, improbus, ultro
Qui meliorem audax vocet in jus,, iliius cAo
^efenfor : fama civcm cauiaque priorem Jjo

Sperne, domi (i gnatus erit, fecundave conjux*
Qjiinte, puta, aut Publi^ (gaudent praenomine molles

Auji*

( 139 )

to Ithaca, and to behold again your family houihold
Gods ? O you, who never fpake falfe to any one^.
you fee hoiv naked and deftitute I return home, ac-
cording to your prophecy ; nor is there cither my ma-
gazine, or cattle, unembezzLed by the fuitors of PenC'^
lope* But bi^th and virtue, unlefs attended with fub-
ftance, is viler trafb than fea-weed.

Since (circumlocution apart) you are in dread of
poverty ; hear by what means you may grow wealthy,
if a t^rulh, or any dainty thing for your own private
eating (hall be given you ; let it fpeed away to that
place, wh«re (hines a great fortune, the pofledbr be*
ing an old man : delicious apples, and whatever dain-
ties your well-cultivated ground brings forth, for you,
let the rich man, as more to be reverenced than your
lioufhold God, tafie before him : who, tho* he be per-
jured, of no family, dained with his brother'^s bloody
a runaway ; if he defires it, do not refufe to go along
with him his companion on the * exterior fide. .What,
fhall I walk cheek by jole with a filthy Damas ; I did
not behave myfelf in that manner at Troy, contending
always with the beft. You muft then be poor. I will
command my indignant foul to bear Ihis evil \ and
formerly I have endured greater. Do you ho^wever^
O prophet, tell me diredly how I may amafs riches,
andheapft of m6aey. In troth I have told you, ai^d
tell you again. Ufe your craft to lie at catch for the
laft wills of old men : nor; if one or two cunning chaps
efcape the angler by biting the bait off the hook,
either k^ afide hope, nor quit the art, tho* difap-
pointed m your aim. If an affair, either of little or
great CQnfequence, fhall be cootefted at any time at
the bar ; which ever of the parties lives wealthy with-
out heirs, JhouUhe he a rogue, who daringly takes the
law of a better man, be you his advocate : defpife the
citizen who is fuperior in reputation and thejuftnefs of
his caufe, if at home he has a fon, or a fruit^ wife.
Addrefi him thUs: «< Quintus** for inflance, or Publma^

* Tbttcjijide\ that Is f give him the walL

(delicate

Auriculae) tibi me viTtus tua fecit amicutn.
Jus anceps novi ; caufas defendere poiTuin •
Erlpiet qui vis oculos citius mlhi, quam te 5$

Contentutn faj cafla nucc; pauperet. hxc mea cura eft,
Ne quid tu perdas, neu fis jocus« ire domutn, atque
Pelliculam curare jul>c fi cognitor ipfc:
Perita, atque obdura : icu i-ubra Canicula findct
Infantes (latuas : feu j>ingui tentus omafo 40

Furius hibernas cana nive confpuet Alpes.
Nonne vides (aliquis cubito ftantem prope tangens
Inquiet) ut patiens, \t amicis aptus, ut acer ? ,
Flures f^J annabunt thynni, et cetaria creicent*

Si cui praeterea validus male (ilius in re 45

Praeclara fublatus aletur ; ne manifeflum
Ccelibis obfequium nudet te, leniter in fpem
Arrepe officiofus, ut et fcribare fecundus
Heres ; et, fi quis caiiis puerum egerit Oreo,
In vacuum ventas : perraro h«c alea fallit. 50

Qui teilamentum tradet tibi cunque legeodum,
Abnuere, et tabules a texemovere memento :
Sic tamen, ut limis rapiai iquid primk fectuido
Cela velit veifu : folus^ multsQie cohatres
Veloci percurre ocuk)» plerumque recofhis . 55

(4i) Quafia nuce paupeveC. fhj Adnalunt cypii ct vivaria cttktaim

t > «■

Scriba

( HI )

(delicate ears delight ia the * additional name) ' ^ your
*< virtue has made me your friend. I am acquainted '
** with all the precarious quirks of the law; I can
*^ plead caufes. Any one (hall fooner foatch my eyes
*' from me, than he fhall think n^anly of, and de-
** fraud you of the *ualue ofz dead nut. This is my
*^ care, that you lofe nothing, that you be not made a
** jeftof." Then bid him go home, and make much
of hintfelf.. Be his'foticitor yourfelf : perfevere, and
be fledfaft : whether the glaring dog-ilar fhall cleave
the infant fiatues'; or f Furius, diftended with hia
greafy paunch, (hall fpew white fnow over the wintry
Alps. Don't you fee (fhall fome one fay, jogging the
perfon that fland&next to him by the elbow) how in*
defatigable he is, how ferviceable to his friends, how
acute ? By this means more gudgeons fhall fwim in,
and your fifh*ponds ihall increafe.

Further, if anyvone in affluent circumfiantes has
reared an ailing fon ; left a too open complaifance to a
fing^e man fhould detect you, creep gradually into the
hope offucceeiing him^ and that vou may be fet down,
as fecond heir ; and, if any cafualty fhould difpatch
the boy to his long home, yon may come into the va-
cancy : this die teldom fails. Whoever delivers his
will to you to read, be mind^l to decline it, and pufh
the parchments from you r ^. it however in fuch a
manner, that you may catch with an oblique glance,
what the firit % page intimates to be in the fecond
claufe : run over with a quick eye,^ whether you are
fole heir, or co-heir with many others. Sometimes a
well-feafon'd lawyer, rifen from a || Qyinque-vir, Ihall

♦ The prtien(f»*w was thtfoft name tjthe three ^ 'Sohich Roinans of
condition generally hadf as Marcus TaUias CicerO|«Publiat VirglUas
Maro.

-f A parody upon a homhajiic line of "pMnm Bibaculos.

i' Lii^rally, the firft wax ; fir the^ ufed to cut their Utters with
the JiyhiS (alreae^ defcribtd) upon wax, fir tad apon vellum, w ta^
bltts,

II Quinque-vir; one (ffiue conmtffioners to execute a tranfaSioni
an officer (itjbouldfeem (y this paffhgej of no great confequence.

delude

Scnba ex tjumqueviro corvum deludet liianTetn ;
Capiatorque dalnt rifus Nafica Corano.

Nam furis ? an prudens ludis me, obfcura canendo?
O Laertiade^ <]uidquid dicam, aut erit, ^ut non :
Divinare etenim niagnus mihi donat Apollo Go

Quid (amen ifla velit fibi fabula, faj ii licet, ede.

Tempore quo juvenis Parthis horrendue, ab alto
DemilTum genus ^nea, tellure marique '.
Magnus erit ; forti nubet procera Corano
Filia Naficae metuenlis reddere folduxn. ^6^;

Turn gener hoc faciei : tabulas ibcero dabit, atque
Ut legat, orabit: multum Nallca negatas
Accipiet tandem, et tacitus leget ; invenietque
Nil hbi legatum, praeter plorare, fuifque^

lUud ab haec jubeo : mulier fi for^e doltifa, 70
Libertufve fencm delirwm temperet ; illis
Accedas focius : laudes, lauderis ut abfens.
Adjuvat hoc quoque : fed vincit longe prius ipfum
Expugnare caput, fcribet mala carmina vecors P
Laudato, fcortator erit ? cave te roget : ultro 75

Penelopen facilis potiori trade. Putafne,
Perduci poterit tam frugi, tamque pudica,
Quam nequiere proci redo depellere curfu ?
{6) Vcnit enim magnum donandiparca juventus.
Nee tantum Veneris, quantum ftudiofa culinas, 80
Sic tibi Penelope frugi ell : quse (1 femel uno
De feneguftarit, tecum partita lucellum ;
Ut caniS| a corio nunquam abfterrebitur un6lo*

(a) Scilicet ede« (h) Vaenit enim magno 1 doo«Ddi, Sof,

Vcnit •enim (m«lignum). Stntl*

Me

( H3 )

delude the gaping raven ; and the fortune-hunter Na-
fica (hail be laughed at by Coranus.

What, do ]fOi) rave ? or do you play upoa me de-
fignedly, by uttering obfcurities ? O fon of Laertes,
whatever I (hall fay, will aSlually come to pafs, or it
w///not : for the great Apollo gives me the power to
divine* Then, if it is proper, relate what that talc
ineans.

At that time -when the youth, dreaded by the Par-
thians, an offspring derived from the noble ^neas,
ihall be mighty by land and fea ; the tall daughter of
Nafica, fo averfe to pay the fum total of his <iebts^
Aiall wed the ftout Coranus. Then the fon-in-law
ihall proceed thus : he ihall deliver his will to his ia-»
ther-m-law, and intreat hhn that he would read it :
Nafica will at length receive it, after it has many
times been refufedby him, and ihall filentlyperufe it ;
and will find no other legacy left to him and his, ex-
cept ieave to lament. ^

To thefe dire^ioris I han^e already givm^ I fubjoin
th^t following: if haply a cunning woman, or a freed-
man, have the management of an old driveler ; jpin
with them as an aflbciate : praife them, that you may
•be praifed in your abfencc. This too is of fervice:
but to ftorm the capital itfelf, excels this method by
fan Shall he, a dotard, fcribble wretched verfes ?
applaud them. Shall he be a wencher ? Talce care
^ou do notfuffer, him to alk you : of your own accord
compiaifantly deliver up^wr Penelope to him, as pre-
ferable toyourfelf What do you think fo fober, and
fo chaHe a i\3oman can be. brought over, whomy^ mat^
woers couM not divert from the right courfe ? Mayle
fo — ^becauie a parcel of yx>ung fellows came, who were
^00 parfimonious to give a great price, nor fo much
defirous of an amorous intercourfe, as of the kitchen.
So far your Penelope is chafte : who, had ihe once
tafted of one old doating gallant^ and ihared with you
the profit ; /he would have been like a hound, which
will never be frighted away from the reekingrikin of
the nesvkili^dgame.

What

( lU )

Me fene, quod dicam, fa£lum efi : anus improba
Thcbis
Ex teftamento (ic efl elata : cadaver 85

Un&um oleo largo nudis humeris tullt heres ;
Scilicet elabi fi poflet mortua : credo,'
Quod nimium iniliterat Viventi. cautusadito.;
Neu deds operae, neve immoderatus abundes.
Difficilem et morofum (a) offendetgarrulus uluo,, 90
Non etiam fileas. Davus iis comicus ; atqu6
Stes capite obflipo, multum (ititiilis metuenti.
Obfequio gralTare: mone, ii increbuit aura^
Cautu^ uti velet carum caput; extrahe^ turba
OppoHtis humeris : aurem fubftringe loquaci. 9j^
Importunus amat laudari ? donee, ohe jam
Ad coclum manibus fublatis dixerit, urge ; et
Crelcentem tumidis infla iermonibus utrem*
Cum te fervitio longo curaque levarit \
£t certum vigilans, Quartse efto partis UlyfTes, lOo-
Audieris beres : Ergo nunc Dama fodalis
Nufquam eft ! unde mihi tarn fortem, tamque fidelem!
Sparge fubinde ; (h) et, fi paulum potes, illacrymare»

eft
(c) Gaudia prodentem vultum celare* fepulcrum
PermilTum arbitrio, fme fordibus exftrue. fuhus 10^
Egregie fadtum laudet vicinia. fi quis
Forte coberedum fenior male tufliet ; buic tu
Die, ex parte tua, feu fundi, five domus fit
Emtor, eaudentem numroo te addicere. fed me
Imperioia trahit Proferpina, vive, valeque* no

(a) OflTendes garrulus tiltre, BentL (b) Et fie paulum potes
illacrymare et gaudia prudenter vultu celarc* 'BetitU (c) Gaudia
prudentum vultu celare.

S ATYRA

.' ' ( 145 )

What I am going to tell yon, happened when I waai
an old man : a wicked hag at Thebes was^ according
to her will, carried forth in this manner : her heir
bore her corpfe, anointed with a large quantity of
oil, upon his naked (houlders ; with the intent, that,
if poiCble, (he might efcape from him e'uen when
dead : becaufe, - 1 imagine, he had prefTed upon^ her
too much when living. Be cautious in your addrefles :
neither be wanting in your pains, nor be immode-
rately emiberant. By voluntary garrulity you'll of*
fend the fplenetick and morofe. You muu not,* hmi^^
4ver\ be filent. Be Davus Jn the play ; and fland
with your head on one fide, much like one who jftands
in great awe. Attack him wi,th complaifance : if the
airfrefhens, advife him carefully to cover up his pre-
cious head : difengage him from the croud, by op-
pofing your (houlders /^ it: clofely attach your ear to
him if chatty *. Is he immoderately fond of being
praifed ? Ply him home, till he fhall cry out, with his
hands Uftea up to- heaven, Ohe ; and puff up the
fwelling bladder with tumid fpeeches. When he (hali
have at loft releafed you from your long fervitude and
anxiety ; and being certainly awake, yoii (hall hear
thit article in his ivilly ** Let UlylTes be heir of one
*' fourth of my eftate :'* Is then my companion Damas
now no more ! Where fhall I find another fo brave and
fo faithful ? Throw owtfomething of this kind qv try now
and then: and, ifyou can a little, weep for him. It
is fit to difguiie your countenance, which, otherimfi
wou*d betray your joy. As for the monument, which
is left to your own difcretion, ere6i: it without mean-
nefs. The neighbourhood will commend the funeral
handfomcly performed. If haply any of your coheirs,
being . advanced in years, (hou'd have a dangerous
' cough ; whether he has a mind to be a purchafer of a
farm, or a houfe, put of your (hare, tell him you will
tome to any terms heJhaU propofe, and make it over to
him gladly for a trifling fum. But the imperious Pro-
fefpine drags me hence. Live, and profper.

♦ J^\xTtT[^(wb^x\vi^te{Jignifies, putting the hair behind the earSy iO
tc able to htar bttU r.

Vol. II. G SATIRE

( 146 )

S A T Y R A Vr.

Rujllcani otii commoda cumurhana vita moldtiis conten*
, ^ dit.

HOC ei;at in voti$ : modus agri non ita magnus,
Hortus ubiy et tedo vicinus jugis aquae irona
Et paulum filvae fuper his forct. audtius, atque
Dii melius fecere. bene efi: : nihil amplius oro,
Maia nate, nifi ut propria hxc mihi munera faxis. 5
Si neque majorem feci ratione mala rem.
Nee fum fadlurus vitio culpavc minorem :
Si veneror itultus nihil horum ; O fi angulus ille
Proximus accedaty qui nunc denormat agellum \
O fi urnam argenti fa) fors quae mihi monflret ! ut illi,
Thefauro invento qui mercenarius agrum z i

Ilium' ipfum mercatus aravit, dives amico
Hercule : li, quod adeft, gratum juvat : hac' piece te

oro : .

Pingue pecutf domino facias , ^t csetera, prseter
Ingenium : ulque foles, cuj^os mihi maximus adfis. 1 j{
Ergo ubi me in montes et in arcem ex Urbe removi|
Quid prius illuftrem Satyris Mufaque pedeflri ?
Nee, mala me ambitio perdit, nee plumbeus Aufter,
Autumnufque gravis, Libitinae quseilus acerbae,

Matutine pater^ feu Jane libentius audis, , 20
TJnde homines operum primos vitaque labores
Ififiituupt, (iic Dis placitum) tu carminis eflo

(a) Fors ^ua mihi .monfh*et.

P^a-

( HI )
S A T I R E VI.

HeJUi the conveniencies of a ctmntry rttirement m^po^
Jitian to the tr^les of a l^e in 4own»

THIS was ^<9^r amengft the number of my wiihes:
a pordoB of ground not over large, in which
was a garden, and a ^>uatain with a Qontinual ftream
clofe to my houfe, and a Iktle woodland befides. The
Gods have done more abundantly and better for me
than this. *Tis well : O * fon of Maia, I afk nothing
more, fave that you would make th^fe donations tail-
ing for me. Ir I have neither made my eftate larger
by bad means, nor am ia a way to render it lefs by
vice -er mifcondu6fc : if I do not fooliihly make any
petition of this fort ^ O that yoa neighbouring angle,
which now fpoils the regularity of my field, cou'd be
joia*d to it ! O that fome accident wou'd <iifcoYer to
me an urn full of 4»oney ! as \tdid to hini], who, a
treafure being found by him, bought that very ground
he before tilled in the capacity of an hired iervant, en-
riched by f Hercules*8 being his friend : if what I
have at preient fatisfies my grateful m/W; I fupplicate
you with this prayer: Make my cattle fat for the ufe
of their mafter, and every thing elfe, except my ge-
nius : and as you are wont, be my chief guardian.
Wherefore, when I have renwved myfelf from the
city to the mountains and my caille, what can I adorn
preferably to my fatires and profaic mufe ? There nei-
ther evil ambition deflroys me, nor the heavy fouth
"Vrind, or the fickly autunm, .the gain of baleful % Li-
bitina.

. Father of the morning, or Janus, if with more
pleafure you hear y^urfelf caUed hy that name^ from
whom men commence the toils of their bufmefs, and
ways of life, (fuch is the will of the Gods) be thou the

• Mercury.

+ Uc was fupb'ifei to pnjxde^over hid freafureSf and unexpeSIid^airti,

i The Goddejs ofJuncraU ar dtath,

% begin-

( h8 )

Principium. Romae fponfopetn me rapis : Elia,

Ne prior officio quifquam refpondeat, urge :

Sive Aquilo radit terras, feu bruma nivalem 25

Interiore diem gyro trahit, ire necefle eft.

Pbftmodo, quod mi obfit, clare certumque-locuto,

Ludlandum in turba ; facienda injuria tardis.

(a) Quid vis, infane, et quas res agis ? improbus urget

Iratis precibus. tu pulfes omne quodobftat, 30

Ad Msecenatem memori ii mente recurras.

Hoc juvat, et melii eft ; non mentiar. at iimul atras

Ventum ^ft Efquilias ; aliena negotia centum

Per caput, et circa falitint latus. ante fecundam

Rofcius orabat iibi adefTes ad Puteal eras. 3J

De re communi fcribse magna atque nova te

Orabant hodie meminifles, Quinte, reverti.

Imprimat his cura Maecenas iigna tabellis.

Dixeris, Experiar : Si vis, potes, addit ; et inflat,

Septimus o^avo propior jam fugerit annus, -^ 40

Ex quo Maecenas me coepit habere fuonim

In numero ; duntaxat ad hoc, quem toUere rheda

Vellet, iterfaciens, et cui concredere nugas

Hoc genus : Hora quota eft ? Thrax eft: Gallina Syro

par ?
Matutina parum cautos jam frigora mordent ; 45
Et quae rimofa bene deponuntur in aure.
Per totum hoc tempus, fubjeftior in diem & horam
(hj Invidiae* Nofter ludos fpe^averat una,

(a) Quid tibi vis, infane, et quam rem agis ? BtfdU

(b) Invidise nofter. ludos fpe^averit una,

Luieric. Btrd^

X-ufe'rat

( 149 )

beginning of my fong. At Rome yoiv hurry me away
to be hzn for fome one : Away, difpatch, you cry^ left
anyone fhouldbe before-hand with you in doing that
friendly office : I muft go at all events, whether the
north wind fweep the earth, or winter contrafts the
fnowy day into a narrower circle. After this, having
uttered in a clear and determinate manner the legal
form^ which may be a detriment to me, I muft buftle
through the croud ; muft difoblige the tardy. What's
' your will, madman, and what are you About ? So a
wicked fellow accofls me with his paffionate curfesw
"You joftle every thing that is in your way, if with an;
appointment full in your mind, you are pofting away
to Maecenas. This pleafes me, ancl is as hoatytomy
folate ; I will not tell a lye about the matter. But by
the time I reach the gloomy Efquilise; an hundred
affgirs of other people's * encompafs me on every fide.
Rofcius begg'd the favour you'd be with him at the
court -houfe to-morrow before the f fecond hour. The
fecretaries requefted you wou'd remember, j Quintus,
to return to day about an afl^ir of public concern, and
of great confequence. Pray^ get Maecenas to put his
jignet to thefe tables. Should onefay, 111 endeavour
at it : if you will, you can, adds he ; and is more ear-
neft.' The feventh year approaching to the eighth is
now dapfed, from the time Maecenas began to reckoii
me in the number of his friends ; only thus far, ^s one
he wou'd like to take along with him in his chariot^
when he went a journey, and to whom he wou'd truft
fuch kind of trifles as thefe:— -What is the hour ?
Is Gal Una, the Thracian, a match for the gladiator
Syrus ? The cold morning air begins to pinch thofe
that are ill provided againft it ; and fuch things as are'
well enough entrufted to a leaky ear. For all this ,
time, every day and hour, I have been more fubje61ed
to envy. Our fon of fortune here, fays e*very body^
iaw all the (hews in company with Macenas^ and

* Literally f leap thro' my head, and about my fide.

f Before eight o'clock in the morning.

J Thefrjl oj Horace'j three ;2amfX— Quintus HoratittS FJaccua.

Gj . play'd

( 150 )

liuferat in campo. Fortune filius^ omnes.
Frigidus a Roflris manat per compita rumor ; 50

Quicunque obvius ell, me confulit : O bone (nam te
Scire, Deos quoniaov propius contingis, oportet)
Numquid de Dacis audiili ? Nil equidem. Ut tu
Semper eris derifor ! At omnes Di exagitent me,.
Si quidquam. Quid ? militibus promifTa Triquetra
Praedia Csefar, an eft Itala tellure daturus ? 55

Jurantem me fcire nihil, (n) miratur, ut linum
Scilicet ejgregii moxtalem altiqus iUentu

Perditur baec inter mifero lux, non fine votis :
O rus, quando ego te afpiciam ? quandoque licebit, 6^
Nuncveterum iioris, nunc fomnoet inertibus hori3} ,
Ducere folicitae jucundaoblivia vita ?
O quando f aba ry thagorae cognata, dmulque
Un6ta fatis pingui ponentur olulcula lardo ? ^
O no^es, coenseque Deum L quibus ipfe, meique 6^
Ante Larem proprium vefcor ; vernafque procaces
Fafco libatis dapibus. prout cuique libido eft,
Siccat inequales calices cotiviya, folutus
X«gibu8 infanis : feu quis capit acria^fortis
Pocula ; feu (h) modicis uvelcit laetius. ergo yo*

Sermo oritur, non de villis domibufve alienis.
Nee male uecne Lepos faltet : fed quoc magis ad noa
Pertinet, et nefcire malum efl, agitamus : utrumnc
Divitiis homines^ an fint virtute beat! :

(a) Mlrantiir^, ut unuin. (b) Modicis J^umefclt Ixtiui^

Qiiidve

play'd with him in the Campus Martins. Does ^ny
difheartening report fpread from the roftrum thro* the
ilreets ; whoever comes in my way, confults me con,"
ceming it : Good fir, have you (for you muH know,
iince you approach nearer the * gods than <ivej heard .
any thing relating to the Dacians ? Nothing at all for'
my part, / reply. How you ever are a fneerer t But
may all the Gods torture me, if I know any thing of
the matter. What } will Caefar give the lands he pro-
mifed the fqjldiers in f Sicily, or Italy? As I am
iBvearing I know nothing about it ; they wonder at me,
thinking me, to be fure^ a creature of extraordinaiy
and profound feicrecy. ^

, Amongft things of thiff nature the dkv is wafted by
me, mortiiy'd a^ I am, not without mch wiflies as
thefe^ O rural retirement, when (hall I behold thee It
And when IhaH h be in my power to contraft a pleaf*
ing oblivron of ar life full of folicrtudie^ one while with
the books of the ancients, another in iteepand leifure ?
O when Ihall the % bean related to Pythagoras, and-at
the feme time herbs well larded with fat bacon, be feC
before me ? O evenings and fuppers fit for Gods I
with which I and my friends regale burfelves in the

Srefence' of my houfhold Gods ;• and feed my fauc/
aves with viands, of which libations hav^ been made*
The gueft, according to every one's inclination, takes
off the glafTes, which are of different fizcs, free from
mad laws : whether one of a flrong conflitution choofea
hearty bumpers ; or another more joyoufly waxes mel-
low with moderate ones. Then convenation arifes,
BOt concerning other people's villas and houfes, nor
whether Lepos dances well, or not : but we debate-oa
what is more to our purpofe, and <what 'tis a bad thing
Aot to know : whether men are made happy by riches or

rom its triangviar form*
ng to that philojopher* s believing the metempfychojis InfucB
an extenty as to imagine fouls fome times tranjmtgrated inta beans* This
k Juppojedtto have arijenffim Jbme conce'ttea likinejfes between feme
farts of a bean and others oJ.sbe human bod^m

64 virtue J

( 152 )

Quidve ad amicitias, ufus ru^iumne, trahat nos : 7^
Et quae fit natiira boni, fummumque quid ejus*
Cervius haec inter viciiius garrit aniles
Ex re fabellas. nam fi quis laudct Arelli
Solicitas ignarus opes ; fie incipit : Olim
Rufticus urbanum murem miis paupere fertur 80
Accepifle cavo, veterem vetus hofpes amicum ;
Afper, et attentiis quaefitis ; ut tamen arfhim
Solveret hofpitiis animum. quid multa ? (a) neque ille
Sepofiti ciceris, nee longae invidit avenae ;
Aridum et ore ferens acinum, femefaque lardi ' 85.
Truftra dedit, cupiens varia faflidia coena
Vincerc tangentis male fingula dente fuperbo :
Cum pater ipfe domus palea porredtus in horna
ElTet ador loliumque, dapis meliora relinquens.
Tandem urbanus adhunc, (^uid te juvat, inquityamice^
Prarupti nemoris patientem vivere dorfo ? 91

Vin' tu homines urbemque feris praeponere filvis ?
•Carpe viam (mihi crede) eomes : terreftria quando
Mortales animas vivunt fortita, neque ulla eft,
Aut magno aut parvo, lethi fuga. quo, bone, circa,
Dum licet, in rebus jucundis vive beatus : 9.S

Vive memor, quam lis aevi brevis. Hicc ubi difta
Agreftem pepulere ; domo levis exfilit : inde
Ambo propolitun; peragunt iter, urbis aventes
Moenia no<^urni fubrepere. jamque tenebat xoo

i^ox medium coeli fpatium, cum]>onituterque
inloeuplete domovefligia : rubro ubi cocco.
Tin6ta fuper leftos canderet veflis eburnos,
Multaque de magna fupereifent fercula coena
Quas procul exflrudlis inerant heflema caniftris* 10^
frgo ubi purpurea porredtum in vefte locavit

(a) Nc^uc illi..

Agrefiem t

( »53 ) .

virtue: and what engages us into iiftimacres, intereft
or moral re£titude : and what Js the nature of good,
and what its perfcAion. Mean while, my neighbour
■CerviuS prates away old ftories relative to the Aibjed.
For if any one ignorantly commends the troublefomc
riches of Arellius ; he thus begins : On a time a coun-
try moufe is reported to have received a city moufe into
his poor cave, an old hoft his old acquaintance ; a
blunt fellow, and attentive to his acquifitioris ; yet Co ^
as h^e could, on occafipn^ enlarge his narrow foul ia
a6ls' of hofpitality.* What need of many words ? He
neither grudged him the hoarded vetches, nor the long
oats ; and bringing in his mouth a dry plumb-flone,
and nibbled fcraps of bacon^ prefen ted them to him,
being deli rous, by the variety of the fupper, to get
the better of the daintinefs of his gueft, who hardly
touched, with his delicate tooth, the feveral things :
while the father of the family himfelf. extended on-
frelh ftrawv cat a lidtle burnt cruft andaarnel, leaving'
that which was better./on his gucfti At length the ci-
tizen addreffing him, *' Friend, fays he, what delight
** have you to live laborioufly on the i idge of a rugged
*' thicket ? Will you not prefer men and the city to
•* thefe favage woods ? Take my advice, and go along
•' with me : fince. mortal lives are allotted to all ter-
*' reftrial" animals, neither anyefcape from death, ei-
•* ther for the great or fmall. Wherefore, my good
*' friend, while it is in your power, live happy
*' in joyous circumftanceg ; injboft^ live mindful of
*' how brief an exiftence you are." Soon as thefe
fpeeches had vi^rought upon thepeafant ; he leaps nim-
bly from his cave : thence they both purfue their in-
tended journey, being delirous to fleal under the city
walls by night. And now the night poflelTed the mid-
dle region of the heavens, when each of them fet foot^
in a gorgeous palace : where carpets dyed with crimfon
grain glittered upon ivory couches, and many balkets
of a magnificent entertainment remaine<l, which
had yefterday been fet by in balkets piled upon
one another. After therefore he had placed the pea-
fant, flretched at eafcy upon a fpleadid carpet : he

G 5 bullies

( 154 )

AgreAem.: Telutifuccinftascuriitathofpes, .
ContiQuatque dapes ; necnon verniliter ipfis
Fungitur officiis, (a) praelib'ans omne quod afiert,
Ille Cubans gaudet rautata forte, booifque j zo

Rubus agit laetum coavivam ^ cum fubito ingens
Valvarum Crepitus ledlis excuflit utrumque.
Currere per totum pavidi conclave ; magifque
Exanimes trepidare-, fimul domus alta Moloffis
Perfonuit canibus. turn rufticus, Haud mihi vita iij|
£ft opus hac, ait ; et valeas : me iilva, cavufque
Tutus ab infidiis tenui folabitur ervo.

S A T Y R A VIL

Horatii fervus lihertaie upas Satumalitia ffftive iUum et

acriter ehfurgat^

V

fhj T Amdudum aufculto; et cupiens tibi diccre fervus
J Pauca reformido. Davufne ? Ita, Davus, ami-
cum
Mancipium domino, et frugi, quod fit fatis : hoc eib,
Ut vitale putes. Age, libertate Decembri
(Q^ando ita majores voluerunt) utere : aarra. 5

Pars hominum vitiis gaudet conftanter, ut urget
Propofitiim : pars multa natat, modo re£ta capefTenff,
Interdum pravis obnoxia. fsepe notatus
Cum tribus antiellis, modo ia&va Prifcus inani,
Vixit inacqualis, clayum ut mutaret in boras ; zo

/it) Praelambcfis ofnne quod affert. (bj (Uwr,) Jamdudum

aufcultor« (Dav,J atcupi«ns. Rut£.

iEdibiis

( 155 )

buftles about like an adroit hoft, and keeps bringing,
up one di(h clofe to another ; and, with an a£fe6tea
dvility, performs all the cererooniesy iirft tailing of
eveiy thing he ferves up. He, lying at his eafe,' re-
joices ia the change of his fituation^ and a£ts the part
of .a boon companion in his good chear ; when, on a'
fudden, a prodigious rattling of the folding doors
ihook them both off their couches. Terrified they^
began to fcaniper all about the room ; and more and
. more heartlcfs to be in confufion, whilil the lofty
houfe refounded with the barking ^/"maftiffdogs : upon
which, fays the country moufe, I have nodefire for a
life like this ; and fo farewell : my wood and cave^
fecure from furprizes, (hall, with homely ta^i com*
fort me /fir this difappfilntmMt,

'SATIRE VII.

One of Horace'i.^^«r9» maktng.vfi of that freedom witcir
was allowed them at the * Saturnalia^, rates his mafter
in a droll andfevere manner •>

»

I Have a long while been attending to you ; and would"
fain fpeak a few words in return^ hut being a flave^
I am afraid. What Davus ? Yes, Davus, .a faithful
lervant to. his mafler, and aahoneft one, at lead fuf*
fiCiently fo : that is, for you to think his life ifl no-
danger f . Well, (fince our anceftors wouM have it
by ufe the freedom of December : fpeak on.

One part of mankind are fond of their vices with-
fome conftancy,. and adhere to their purpofe : a con -
fiderable part fluAuates ; one while embracing the^
right,, another liable to depravity. Prifcus, frequent-
ly obferved with three nngs, fomctimes with his leflr
hand bare, lived fo irregular^ that he would changer

• A ftafi ifT/iituted in honour ef SiitorD,,.w whofe reign oilmen'
were upon ^footing. It was held in December, and the /laves at ^ai^
time were permitted to tr^at their maficts with great Jamiiiarity,

+ Ignorant people have a common ^rM/«/'^»- Such a «hiW i> tod good-'
(or toe witty) tp be long lived .

e 156 )

iEdibus ex magnis fubito fe conderet, unde

Mundior exiret vix }ibertinus honede-;

Jam moechus Romx,«jam mallet dodus Athenis

Viverc j Vcrtumais, quotquot funt, natus iniquis*

Scurra Voianenus^ poftquam illi jufta chiragra i^t

Contudit articulosy qui pro fe tblleret, atque

("aj Mitteret in phimum talos, mercede diurna

Condu6tum pavit : quanto conflantior idem

In vitiis, tanto levius milbr, ac prior ille,

Qui jam contento, jam la:&o fune laborat* . 30c

NoQ dices hodie, quorfum hiec tam.putida tendant^-
Furcifer ? Ad tcjinquam. Quo pa^io, peffime ? Laudas
Fortunamet mores ^ntiquaeplebis ; et idem.
Si quis ad ilia Deus fubito te agat, ufque recipes :
Aut quia non fentis, quod clamas, re6tius efle ; . 2 j
Aut quia non firmus re6him defendis, et haeres^
Nequicquam coeno cupiens evellere plantam.
Rornae rus optas ; abfentem ruflicus Urbem
Tollis ad aftra levis. fi nufquam es forte vocatus
Ad coenam, laudas iecurumolus ; ac velut ufquam 30
Vin6tus eas, ita te felicem dicis, amafque,
Quod nufquam tibi fit potandum : juflerit ad fe
Maecenas ferum fub lumina prima venire
Convivam : Nemon' oleum fcrt ocius ? ecquis
Audit ? cum magno blateras clamore, fugifque. jjj
Milvius et fcurrasi tibi non referenda precati.

(a) Mitteret in pjrrgum.

Difce^

f 157 T

his robe ewry- hour; from a magnificent edifice, he-
would oh a fuddeii hide himfelf in fuch a place, front
whence a decent freedman would fcarce come out in a
reputable manner; one while he would chuie to live
the life of a rake at Rome, another that of a fcholSr at
Athene ; born in the defpite of every attribute of *
I Vertumnus. That buffoon, Volanerius, when the

deferved gout had crippled his fingers, maintained a
feUtyu) that he had hired at a daily price, who took up
the- dice, and put them into the box for hiip ; yet by
how' much more conftant he was in his vice, by fo
much lefs wretched was he, than the former perfon,
who one while is in difficulties by too loofe, another"
by too tight a reiA.

'.Will you not tell to day, thou varlet, whither fuch
wretched ftuff tends ? JVhy^ to you, I fay. In what
Tefpeft to me, fcoundrel ? You praife the happinefs
and manners of the ancient Roman people ; andj/^/ if
any God was on a fudden to reduce you to them, you
tlic fame man wou'd earneftly beg to be excufed : either
becaufe you afe not really of opinion, that what you
bawl about is right ; or becaufe you are irrefolute jn
defending the right, and hefitate, in yain defirous ta
extra(^ your foot from the mire. At Rome you long
for the country ! when you are in the country, ever
fickle, you extol the abfent city to the ikies. If haply
you are invited out no where to fupper, you praife
your fallad, that you enpy in tranquility; and, as if
mjhenever yOM go abroad it is upon compulfion, you
think yourfelf fo happy, and do fo hug yourfelf, that
you are obliged to drink no where : hut ihould Maece-
nas lay his commands 'upon you to come late, at the
^ firfl lighting up of the tapers, to hehh gueft ; '* Is

[* ** there nobody to bring the oil with more expedition ?

; ** Does any body hear?'* You fputtcr with a mighty

\ bellowing, and then you fcour away. vMilvius, and

the buffoons 'who exfeHed to fu^'wlth youy depart, af-

** Vcrtwmnus prcjidid over the chancres af the feafons, Ther&ivere
manyjiatues of him, and in various formSf which occafons Vcrtumtl
in the plural number* "*

ftp

M I

f 158 >

Difceduot. etenim fateor, me, dixerit life,, .
Puci ventre levem ; nafum nidore fupuior :
Imbecillus, iners : fi quid vis> adde, popino.
Tu, cum fis quod ego, et fortaffis nequipr, ullro J^P^
Infe^tere, velut melior ? verbifque decoris
Obvolvas vitium ? quid, {'aj fi me flultiorjpfc
Qiiiiigentis emto drachmis deprenderis ? aufer
Me vultu terrere : manutri flomachumque teneto,
Cum, .quae Crifpioi docuit me janitor, edo, 4$.

Te conjux aliena capita 'nieretcicula Davum :
Peccat uter noftrum cruce dignius ? acris ubi noe
Natura incendit ; fub clara nuda lucerna
Quaecunque excepit turgentis vcrbera caudae,
Clunibus aut agitavit equum lafciva fupinum, 5a

Pimittit, neque famofiun, neque fblicitum ne
pitior, aut tormae melioris mejat eodem.
Tuy cum proje6ti8 infignibus, annulo equeilri,
Romanoque habitu,, prodis, ex judice, Dama-
Turpis, odoratum caput obfcurante laceraa : 5^

Non es quod fimulas ?. metuens inducenSy atque
Altercante libidinibus tremis ofTa pavore..
Quid refert, uri virgie, ferroque necarl^
Au6^oratus eas j an turpi claulus in area,.
Quo te demifit peccat i confcia herilis, 6a

Contradhim genibus tangas caput ? eftnc marlto *
Maitronse peccantis in ambos jufta proteflas ?
In corruptorem vel juflior ? ilia tamen fe
Hon habitu, mutatve loco, peccatvefupeme;.
Cum te formidet mulier, neque credat amanti*.. 6 j

" ' (^)^ Si me ftuluor ipib»

Ibis

( 15^ )

ter having uttered cuifes not proper to be repeated
Any one may lay, foe I ownjJlfi truths that I am ea->
lily feduced by my appetite : I fnuff up my nofe at a
favoury fmdl ; am weak, lazy : and, if , you have a
mind tp add any thing elfe, a fot. But feeing you arc
as^l am, and perhaps fomething worfe, 'why da you
wilfully call me to an account, as if you was th& better^
man } and, with fpecious phrafes, difguife your own r
vices ? What, if you are found out to be a greater
fool than I, who was purchstfed for five hundred *-
drachmas ? Forbear to terrify .me with your loo]u :
reftrain your hand and your anger, while I relate to
you what Crifpinius's porten taught me.

Another man's wife captivates you, a harlot Davus r
which of us fins more defervingly of the gallows ?
, When keen nature inflames me, any common wench,
that picks me up, difmifles me neither diihonoured,
nor in the Uaft folicitous whether a richer or a hand--
_ fomer man enjoys her n^xt. You, when you have
~ cafl off your enfigns of dignity, your eque(b*ian ring,
and your Roman habit, turn out, from a grave ma-i
giflrate^ a wretched f £)ama,, hiding with a cran^e your
eflenced head : are you not really what you pertonate ?
You are introduced apprehenfive of eonfequences^ and
as you are altercating with your paffions, your' bones*
ihake with feai:. What is the diflterence, whether you
go condemned, XUke a gladiator^ to be gail'dwith
icourges, or to be flain with the fword ; or be fqueezed
up, neck and heels; in a filthy chefi, where the maid<^
confclotis of her miftrefs's crime, has ftowed you ? Has
not the huiband of the offendmg dame a juu power of
punijhing both? Agalnftthe feducer even ajufter. But
ihe neither changes her drefs, or place, or fins to that
excefs as you do ; fincie the woman is ip dread e*ifen of
you, nor gives any credit to you, tbo* you frofefs to

♦ Aboutfiftv crowns Jit/tingy if the Attic d^acbTita was (ds is cont^
puted) Jtxjhillings of our money,

+ ^ common tiamtfir e^flavt in Rome.

t -^ gladiator f vfhtn be was fold, laidhimfclf under, thefefartguinerj
9hUgations4

lore

{ i6o )

tbh fub furcam pnidens, dominoque furcnti
Committes rem omnein, ct vitao), et cum corporc fo-

mam. '

Evafti ? credo metucs-, doAufque cavebis.
Quires quando iferimi paveas, iterumque perire
Poffis. o toties fcrvus ?. quae bellua niptis, jq

Cumfemeleffugit, redditfe pravd catenis ?
Non fum moechus, ai^-. neque ego, Hercule, fur/ubi.

vafa ' •• ■ • . '' ' .•■•'-'

Praetereo fepiens argentea.' toMe^pcriclum, •
Jam vaga proliliet frettis natura remotis. *

Tunemihi dominus, rerum irtlpetiis 'hominurnqtie 7^
Tot tantifqiie minor I quem tcr vindifta quatefxjtic
Tmpofitahaud unquam mifera form idine privet ?
/'or) Adde fupra did:iB, quod non levius valeaf :' narti '
Sive vicarius eft, qui- fervo pare t, uti mos ' 79-

Vefter ait; feu confervus : tibi qUid fum ego ? ileriipef
Tn, mihi qui imperita&, aliis fervis mifer, atque
Buceris, ut nervis aiienis rhobile f^hj lignum.

Quifnam igitur liber ? Sapiens, fibi' qui imperiofus ?
Quem neque pauperies neque mors, ntque vihcula ter--

rent :
Refponfare cupidinibus, contemners honores 85

Fortis ; et in- feipfo totus, teres atque rotundus ;
Externi ne quid valeat per levemorari :•
In quem manca ruitfemper fortuna. potefne
■ Ex his, ut proprium, quid nofcere h quinque talenta-
Pofcit te mulier, vexat, foribufque repulfum " 90=

{aj Adde fuper^ 'didtis ^uod non* fhj Mobile lignum. Dou»a',

Per-

r

( l6i )

love her. You muft go under the yoke knowingly^
•and put aU your fortune, and livelihood^ and your
reputation, together with your limbs, into the powct
of an enraged hufband, Have you efcaped ? I fuppofe
tJ^en you will be afraid for the future^ and, being
warned, will be cautious. ^<>, you will feek occafioa
when again you may be in terror, and again may be
likely to perifh. O fo often a Have ! What beaft,
when it has once efcaped, by breaking its toils, en^et
ahfurdly trufts itfelf to x^atx^ again ? You fay, " I am
*' no adulterer,'* Nor, by Hercules, am 1 a thief,
when I wifely pafs by the filver vafes. Take away the
danger, and vagrant nature will fpring forth, when
all reflraints are removed. Are you ^fUn^my mailer^
fo much- my inferior, by being fuhje ^d to th&dooiimor^
of fo many things and perfons ? Whom vengeance,
tho* inflii^ed three or four times ovtfy can never free
from this wretched folicitude ? Add to what has been
faid above, a thing of no Icfs wtight : for whether he
be an underling, who <^y8 the * mafter-flavc,. as it is
your cuftom to affirm ; or onfy a fellow-flave ; what
am I in refpeft of you ? You, for example, who have
the command of me, are in fubjeftion to f other things,
and are led about, like a puppet which4s moveable by
the means of wires not its own.

Who thenls free Y The wife man, who has domini-
on over himfelf : whom neither poverty, nor death^
nor chains affright :^brave in the checking of his ap*
petites ; and in contemning honours ; and perfect in
himfelf, J polilhM and round j fo that nothing can
retard him in his level courfe : againfl whom misfortune
ever advances ineffectually. Can you, out of all thefe
recognize any thing applicable toyourfelf ? A woman
demands five talents of you, plagues you, and after
you are turned out of doors, (he bedews you with cold

♦ The Romans of ^Jlinilion had onejlavc that prefidcd over the
refi^ . -

f OTotif pqlfions*.

J Alluding ti a globe ^ ivbicb having no afpcrit'cs, goesfmoothly on
in ifs courfe^

water J

( i62 )

Perfundit gelida ; rurfus vocat. eripe turpi
CoUa jugo ; liber, liber fum, die age. noA qiiis :
Urget enim dominus mentera non lenis^ et acres ;
Subje6kat laiTo flimutos, verfatque negantem.
Vei cum Paufiaca torper, infane, tabella; 9^'

Qui peccas minus atqueego, cum Fulvi Rutubseque
Aut Placideiani contento poplite miror
Fraslia, rubrica pi(5la aut carbone, velut fi
Re vera pugnent, feriant, vitentque moventes
Arma viri.? i^equam et ceifator Davus- ;, at ipfe- iQ9
^ubttlis veterum jtidex, et callidfus audisv
Nil ego a ducor iibo fumante : tib^ itigens*
Virtus atque animus coenis refponfat opimis ?
Obfequium ventris mihi perniciofius eft : cur ^
Tergo ple£h>r enim ; qui tu impunitior, ilia, rof
Q^ae parvo fumi nequeunt, obfonia captas ?
Nempe inamarefcunt epube line fine petitae ;
lUufique pedes vttiofum ferre recufant
Corpus, an hie peccat, fub iio£lem qui puer uvam
Furtiva mutat ftrigili ? qui praedia. vendit^ 1 zo

Nil fertile, gulac parens, habet ^ adde, quod idem
Non horam tecum elTe potes, non otia re6le
Ponere ; teque ipfiim vitas fugitivus ut erro,
Jani vino quaerens, jam fomno fallere curan^ :
Fruftra : nam comes atra premit, fequiturque. fuga*
cem. 1x5

Un^e mihi lapidem ? Quoifiim eft opus ? Unde faV
gittas ?

Aut

( 1^3 >

water ; flie calla you again. Refcue your neck from
this vile yoke : Come fay, I am free, quite hte. You
are not able ; for an implacable maimer opprefleryour
mind, that claps the (harp fpurs to your jaded appe-
tite^ and forces you on thtf reluctant. When you, a
fool, quite languifh at a pi(Stur6 by Faufi^s ;. how are
you lefs to blame than I, when I admire the combats
of Fulvius, and Rutuha, and Placideianus, with their.
. bended knees,, painted in crayons,' or charcoal, as if
the men were aAually engaged, and pufli,. and parry,
moving their weapons ? Davus is a icoundrel, and a
loiterer ; but you have the character of an exquifite and
expert connoiiTeur in antiquities. If I am allure(l by
a imoaking pafiy, I am a good-for-nothing fellow :
Does your great virtue and foul reiifi: the temptation of
delicate entertainments ? A tendemefs for my belly
is too deflrudtive for me : Why fo? For does not my
back pay for it ? *But how do you come off with Aior&
impunity, fince you hanker after iuch dainties,, as
cannot be had for a little expence? Then thofe delist,
cacies, perpetu^ly taken, pall upon thejiomach ; and
your mi{^aken feet will not fapport your fickly body.
Is that boy guilty, who by nig|;^t pawns a flolen
* fcraper for fome grapes ? JinJh^s he nothing fenrSe
about him, who, in indulgence to his guts, lells his
efiates ? Add to this, that you yourfeff cannot be an
hour by youdHfj nor difpofe ot your leifure in a right -
manner ; and ddert yourfelf as a mere fugitive and
vagabond, one while endeavouring with wine, an-
other with fleep, to cheat care: in vain; for the gloomy
companion preiTes upon you, and purfues you in your
flight.

Where can I get a ftone ? What occalion is there for
it ? Where can I get fome darts ? The man is either

• Theftrigtl vt^mt injttument made of. either iron^ hrafsy wjilver^
at fvf cLomsins MM'^ *''* *** ii»*i*M*t^ A>«on*A« #<■ /^>«a« tUF tit* dtts/tt •
tfe is ajigunof i

• Theftrigtl vt^mt infttument made of. either iron^ hrafsy wfilver^
that theKomzMmad^ ufe of isubeir hagnios to fcrape m Ufefiutcu i
thofe is ajigunof one of thtm to tefecu in Battck/t Ahti^wxta-
tcs Rdtupinjc.

mad

f 164 > -

Aut fnfamt homo, aut ^erfus facit. Ocius hinc te
Ni rapisy accedes op^ra agro nona Sabino,

S A T Y R A VIII.

Avarum inepte frcdigum falfe defcrihit^

UT Nafidierii juvit te ccena beati ?
Nam mihi quaerenti convivam, diftus here ilfic
De medio potare die.. Sic, ut mihi nunquam
In vita fuerit roeHus. (a J Da (fi grave non eil)
Qu£ prima iratum ventrem placaverit efca. ^

In primis Lucanus aper \ leni fuit Auftro
Captus, ut aiebat coenae pater ; acrta circum
Rapula, ladtucx, radices ; qualia laiTum
Pervelliint ftpmachum ; fifer,' alec, fsecula Coa.
His ubi fublatis, puer alte cin6);us acernam ip

Gaitfape purpureo menfam perterfit, et alter
Sublegit qiiodcunque jaceret inutile, quod que
Poflet coenantes ofFendere ; ut Attica virgo
Cum facris Cereris, procedit fufcus Hydafpes,
Cxcuba vina feren^i^ Alcon, Chium maris expers. i j
Hie herus ; Albanum, Maecenas, five palernum
Te magis appofitis dele6tair ; habcmus utrumquc^

1 (I) Divitias miferas ! fed queis coenantibus una>

! Fundani, pulchre fuerit tibi, nofle laboro.

Summus ego, et prope mc Vifcus Thurinus^ ct infray
Si memini, Varius f cum Servilio Baiatronc 21

Vibidius, quos Maecenas adduxerat lunbras.

(a) Pie fi grave non eft, (h) Divitias muas ! fllf<«/-

\

Nomcn-

( i65 )

mad, or making of yerfes. If you don^t take your-
felf away in an inilant, you fhall go and make a * nintli
labourer at my Sabine eftate#

SATIRE VIII.

A /mart defer Iption rf a mifer ridlculoujly aBing the ex^

" travagant* ^

HOW did the entertainment of that happy fellow
Nafidienus pleafe you ? For yefterday, as I was
feeking to make you my gueft, you was faid to be
drinking there from mid-day« // pUafed me fo, that I
never was happier in my life. Say, if it is not trou-
blefome) what food firft calmed your raging appetite.

In the Hril place there was a Lucanian boar ; which
was taken while the gentle fouth wind b|ew, as the fa-
£hcr of the entertainment affirmed ; around it poignant
rapes, lettuces, radifhes ; and fuch things as provoke a
languid appetite ; ikirrets, anchovies, dregs of Coaa
vjrinef . Thefe once removed, one flave, tuck'd high^
with a purple cloth wiped the maple table, and a fe-
cond gathered up whatever laid ulelefs, and whatever
could offend the guefts j fwarthy Hydafpes advances,
like an Attic maid with Ceres' facrcd rites, bearing
wines of Caecubum j Alcon brings thofe of Chios, un-
damaged by the feaj. "Here the mafter cries \ Maece»
,na«, if Alban or.Falemlan wine delight you more than
thofe already brought ; we have both.

Ill-fated riches ! but, Fundanius, I am impatient to
know, who were fharers in this feaft where you fared
fo well.

I was higheft, and next me 'was Viicus Thurinus,
and below, if I remember rights was Varius ; Vibi-
dius; with Servilius Balatro, whom Maecenas had

* There were eight already at hard iahour at HoraceV cwntrj
haufe,

+ Virugat made offuch.

X Or; chat never was »t fea : Jiome-brewed.

brought

^

( ^^^^ )

Nomcntanus erat fupcr ipfum, Porcius infra

Ridiculus totas faj fimul abforbere placentas.

Nomentanus ad hoc^ qui, fi quid forte kteret, 25

Jndice monftraret digito. nam caetera turba,

Nos, inquam, ccenamus aves, conchylia, pifces,

Longe diflimilem noto ceUntia, fuccum ;

Ut vel continuo patuity CMm{hJ paiTeris atque

Inguftata mihi porrexerit ilia rhombi. 30

Pod hoc me docuit melimela rubere, minorem

Ad iunam dele6bi. quid hoc interiit, ab ipfo

Audieris melius, tum Vibidius Balatroni ;'

N08, nifi damnofe bibimus, moriemur inultu

Et caliccs pofcit majores. verterc pallor ^t

Turn parochi faciem, nil fie metuentis ut acres

Potores : vel'quod maledicunt liberius ; vel

Fervida quod fubtile exfurdant vina palatum.

Invertunt Aliphanis vinaria tota

Vibidius Balatroque, fecutis omnibus : imi 40

Convivas le6li nihilum nocuere lagenis.

ASertur iquillas inter murasna natantes

In patina pori:e£ta fub hoc hems, Hxc gravida, inqult,

Capta eft ; deterior pod partum carne futura.

His mifhim jus e(l ; eleo, quod prima V^nafri 45

Preffit cella ; garo de f^ccis pifcis Iberi ;

Vino quinquenni, verum citra mare nato,

Durai coquitur ; coifto Chium fie convenit, ut non

Hoc maffis ullum aliyd pipere albo; non fine aceto^

Quod jy&thjmmaeamvitiomutaTerit uram. 50

(a) Semd abforbere placentas, (b) Paflerls afli; et.

Erucat

( i67 )

brought along with him, unbidden * guefis. Above
Nafidienus hioifelf was Nomentsuius, below him For«
ciuSy who made i6/i^<r^ ridiculous in fwallowing whole
cakes at once* Nomentanus ivas frefent for thi^ pur*
pofe^ that if any thing elegantihomd chance to be un-
•bferved, he might Siew it with his pointing finger«
For the other company,, we I mean, eat promifcMuJl^
of fowls, oyfters, fi(h, which had concealed in them
a juice far different from the \Sixmvi and common : as pre-
fently appeared, when he reached to me the entrails of
a plaice and of a turbot, fuch as had never been tailed
before. After this, he informed me that honey ap*
pies were mod ruddy, when gathered under the wan-
mg moon. What difference this makes, you will hear
beft from himfelf* Then/ays ViSidius to Balatro ; we^
if we do not drink to his cofl, fhall die in his debt.
And he calls for larger tumblers. A palenefs^r^ff//|r
changed the countenance of our hoft, who rears no-
thing (b much as hard drinkers : either becaufe they
are more freely cenibrious ; or becauie heating wines
deafen the fuotile JMdgment of the p^ate. Vibidius
and Balatro, all following their example, pour whole
calks into f Aliphanians : % the gueus indeed of the
lowefl couch, did no hurt to the flagons. A lamprey
next is brought, extended in a dilh, in the midu of
floating fhrimps. Whereupon, This, fays the mafter,
was caught 'when pregnant ; which after having young
would have been lefs delicate in its flefh. For thefe a
fauce is mixed up ; with oil which the beff cellar cjf.
Venafrum prcffed ; with pickle from the juices of Ibe-
rian fl(h, with wine of five y^ars old, but produced
on this fide ef the fea, while it is boiling ; after it ia
boiled, the Chian wine fuits it fo well, that no other
does better than it, with white pepper ; not without
ihe vinegar, which, by being 1| vitiated, turned four

• Literally (hAdovfSf L e. friends introduced lyMxcenas.
+ Cups ofJi;&e larger than ordinary, made at Aliphae, aSaflUutC
4owni,

•^ 7%efe were bis own ereetares, Noment^nus and Forclus*
' ll Vjtfiine^arwasonfyJ^diUdwinet

( «68 )

£rtica« virides, inulas ego primus amaras
Moni^ravi incoquere ; illutps Curtillus echinos,
Vt melius muria, quam teila marina r^mittat,

Interea fuipenfa graves aulxa ruinas
la patinam fecere, trahentia pulveris atri « ^^

Quantum non Aquilo Campanis excitat 9gris«
No8 majus veriti, poflqimm nihil efle pericli
Seniimus, erigimur. Rufus pofito capite, ut &
Filius immaturus obifTet, flere : quis eiTet
finis, ni fapiens iic Nomentanus amicum 60 *

Tolieret? Heu? Fortuna, quis efl crudelior in nos
Te Deus ? ut femper gaudes illudere rebus
Humanis ! Varius mappa compefcere rifum
Vix poterat. Balatro fu^^endens omnia nafo^
Use eik conditio vivendi, aiebat : eoque 65-

Refponfura tuo nunquam eil par fama labori.
Tene, ut egO accipinr laute, torquerier omni
^olicitudine diftridhim ; ne panis aduftus,
Ne male conditum jus apponatur ; ut omnes
Pnecin6ti re6te pueri comptique miniflrent ? y9

Adde hos prseterea cafus ; aulaea ruant iiy
Ut modo ; fi patinam pede lapfus frangat agafo^
Sed convivatons, uti aucis/ingenium res
Adverfse nudare folent, celare fecundae.
Nafidienus ad hsec : Tibi Di, quaecunque preceriS) 75
Commoda dent ; ita vir bonus es, convivaque comis ;
£t foleas pofcit. turn in le^^o quoquevideres
Stridere iecreta divifos aure fufurros.

NuUos his mallem ludos fpe^lafle. fed ilia
Redde, age^ quae deinceps rififH. Vibidius dum Sa
Qpaerit depueris, numut quoque frada lagena.
Quod libipofcenti non den tur pocula ; dumque
Ridetur iiois rerum, Balatrone fecundo ;
Naiidienei redis mutatae frontis, ut arte

£mea^

«

.

( i69 )

the Methymnean grape. . 1 iirft fhewed the way to ftcw
it in greeri rockets^ and the bitter elicampane; Cur-
tillus t^Jievj in it the fea-urchin unwafhed, as being
better than the pickle, which the feat fheti-fiffi yields.
In the mean time the fufpended tapeftry made a
iiea^y downfdl upon the difh, bringing down along
* with it fo much black duft as the north wind never
raifes on the plains of Campania. Having been fear-
ful of fomethmg wprfe, as fooii as we perceived there
was no dkriger, We rife Up. Rufus, hanging his head
fe^gan to weep, as if his fon had died an unWrtiely
death: What vyoujd have been the .end, had not the
difcreet Nomentaniis thus raifed his frjend ? Alas ! O
Fortune, what God is moje cruel to us than thee ?
How dolt thou always take pleafure in fportine with
, human affairs ! Varius could fcarce fmother a laygh
with his napkin. Balatro, fneering at every thing,
obferved, This is the condition of human life ; and
therefore a fuitable glory will never anfwer your la-
bour. Muft you be rent and tortured with' all manner
of anxiety, that I may be entertained fumptuoufly ;
left burnt bread, left ill-feafoned foup fhould be fet
before us ; that all your flaves fliould wait properly at-
tired and neat ? Add belides thefe accidents -^ if the
hangings (hould tumble down, as juft now ; if the
groom flipping with his foot fhould break a difh.
But adverfity ufes to difclofe, profperity to conceal the
abilities of a hoft as of a general. To this Nafidienus :
May the Gods give you all the bleffings, whatever you
can pray for ; you are fo good a man, and fo civil a
gueft : he calls for his fandals. Theh on every j:ouch
you might fee divided whifpers buzzing in each fecret
car.

I would hot choofe to have feen any theatrical en-
tertainments fooner than thefe things. But come, re-
count what you laughed at next. While Vibidius is
enquiring of the flaves, whether the flagon was alfo
broken, becaufe cups of ^Ine were not brought when
he called for them ; and while a laugh is continued
on feigned pretences, Balatro feconding it ; you, Na-
fidienus, return with an altered countenance, as if to

Vol. II. M repair

( I70 )

Emendahims fortunam, deinde fecuti . 8j;

Mazonomo pueri magno di&erpta ferentea
Membra gruis fparli ikle multo, non fine farrCy
Pinguibus et ficis paftum jecur anferis albt,
Bt leporum aviUfos, et xnulto fuavlus, artnosp
Quam fi cum, lumbis quis edit, turn pedore adufto 9#
Vidimus et merulas poni, et fine clune palumbes;
Suaves res, fi non caufas narraret earuin^ et
Naturas dominus : auem nos fie fugimus ulti|
Ut nihil omnino guuaremus ; (a) velut iUis .
Caaidia afflaflet jejor (h) ferpenubus Afris. 9 J

Q/Horatii

( 17* )
repair your /// fortune by art. Then followed the
Haves, bearing on a large charger the feveral limbs of
a crane, befprinkled wiih much fatt, not without
flour, and the liver of a white goofe fed with fattenbg
flgs, and the wings of hares torn off, as a much dain-
tier di(h, than if ooe eats them with the loins. Then
we faw black-birds alfo fet before us with * fcorched
breafts, and ring-doves without the rumps : Delicious
models, did not the mailer give us the hiftory of thdr ,
caufes and natures : whom we in revenge fled from, fd
as to tafte nothing' at all ; as if Canidia, more veno-
mous than African ferpents, had poifoned tjtiem with
her breath.

N*-

H 2 Q. Ho.

Qj^ Horatii Flacci

EPISTOLARUM

lilBER I.

"•. / »

\'j .i\ % > • ^ •,

Hj

( 174 )

Q^ HORATII FLACCI

EPISTOLARUM

LIBER I.

■■■■

H P I S T O L A I.

i

Ad MiECRNATEM.

> *

Sff omijis nferftus ludicris^ Utum ij^ in pbiUfephia fer^
Mfcmda^ quafranare^ cufMtates it tmMsa virtuiife/l*
JMiredocet.

PRIMA didte mihh fumma dicende Camena
Spedtatum, fatis, et donatum jam rude, quftris,
Maecenas, iterum antiquo me includere ludo*
Non eadem eft aetas, non mens. Veianius, annis
HercuUi ad pofiem fixiS| lafet abditus agro, 5

Nis

( 175 >

THE

EPISTLES

O F

H O R A C E.

BOOK I.

EPISTLE I.

To M ^ C E N A S.

TitpHf riMaunciS all tfir/es rf a ludicr9us fum^ and rt-^
fflhaU sfffy bimftlfnxhfUyto'tlHfttufyrfpbilofoplff^
nuUii teacbii to triple the Jefires^ imdf^fo^ €very
AUi$t0Vtftui^

M^CENAS^ tbefubjedtof my former (birg, jud-
ly entitled to mv tateft, you feek toen^ge me
mgtiii in the oM Mt, naTinf fclcen tried foflkiently,
and now prefen ted with the *rod ^frteinnt My age
is not the fame, nor it my g^iut. Veianius, his
anof confecrated on a pillar of Hercvles's temple,
lives fniigly retired in the country, that he may not,

* The Rtulls tuwm wooden fill given to toe gladUtorswhen they
Viti t dijmijfid jTQm tkefagt,

H 4 from

( 176 )

Nepopulum c;Ktrema toties exoret arena.

Eft mihi purgatam crebro qui pcrfonet aurem ;

Solve fenefcentcm mature fanus cquuin,'ne

Peccet ad extremum ridendus, et ilia ducat.

Nunc itaque ct vcrfus et caetera ludicra pono ; lO

Quid verum atquc dftcns, euro et rogo^ ct otnnis in

hoc fum :
Condo, et compono, quas mox depromere podim,
Ac ne forte roges, quo me duce, quo larc tutcr :
Nullius addiftus jurare in verba magiftri,
Quo me cunque rapit tempeftas, deferor hofpes. 1^
Nunc agilis fio, ct merfor civilibus undis,
Virtutis verae cuflos, rigidufque fatcjles ;
PJunc in Ariftippi furtim praecepta relabor,
Etmihi res, non mc rebus, fubjungere cpnor.
Ut nox longa, quibus mentitur arnica, diefque 20
(a) Lenta vidctur opus debentibus ; ut piger annus
Pupillis, quos dura premit cuftodia toatrum :
Sic mihi tarda fluunt ingrataquc tempora, quae fpem
Confiliumque morantur age^idi gnaviter id, quod
-^que pauperibus prodeft, locupletibus aeque, 2^
j^que negleftum pucris fenibufque nocebit.
Reuat, ut his ego me ipfe regam folerque dementis :
("ifj Non poflis oculo quantum contendferc Lynceus ;
Non tamen idcirco contemhas lippus ihungi ;
Ncc, quia defperas.invifti mqnbra.Glyconis, y^

Nodoia corpus noils prohibcre chiragra. -

Eftquadam prodire tenus^ fi non datur ultrk. .' \
Fervct avaritia, mifcroquc Cupidine pedlus ? ' \

(a) IfOnga videtur opus debentibus. (h) Npn{>offi8 oculos.

Sunl

( '77 )

from tlic extremity of the fandy * amphitheatre, fo
often fupplicate the people's favour. Some one feems
• frequently to ring in my quick ear ; wifely in time dif-
mifs the aged courfer, left derided he milcarry at Wft,
and break his wind. Now thA*efore I lay afide both
verfes, and all other fportive matters : my ft-udy and
enquiry is after what is true and fitting, and I am
wholly engaged in this : 1 lay up, and colled rulea
which I may be able hereafter to draw out into a^ion^
And left you (hould perchance enquire under what
leader, in what houfe of phihfqphy I enter myfelf a pu-
pil : addided to fwear implicitly to the ipfe-dixits of
tio particular mafter, wherever the ftorm drives me, I
become a gueft. " One while I become aiS^ive, and am
plunged in the waves of ftate affairs, a maintainer and
a rigid partizan 6f ftrift virtue ; then again I relapfe
infenfibly into Ariftippus's maxims, andendeavour to
fuit circumftances to myfelf, not myfelf to circum-
llances. As the night feems long to thofc^vith whont
a miftrefs has broke her appointment, and the day
feems long to thbfe who o^^e their labour ; as the year
moves flow with minors, whom the- harfli guardian^
fhip of their, mothers confines : fo all ibat time to me
flows tedious and diftafteful, which delays my hope
and defign of ftrenuoufly executing that which is of
equal benefit to the poor and to the rich, which neg-
le6led will be of equal detriment to young and old.
It remaiiM, that I coilduft and comfort myfelf by thefe
principles : your fight is not fo piercing as that- of
Xiynceus ; you will not, however, defptfe being anoint-
ed, if ypu arc ibre-eyed: nor, becaufe you defpair of
the mufcles of the invincible f Glycon, will you be
carelefs of preferving your body from the knotty^ gout.
There is fome point in phUofophy we may advance to^
if we can no farther. Does your heart burn with ava-
rice and a wretched defire of more ? Words there are^

• Tht area of the onAhithtatre was Jlrewn wiihfand^ to prevent
its becoming JJipper^, and to drink up the blood,

+ Snppofedto be ajiatue ^Hcroilcs, made by Glycon, andcalhd
T»ii Glycon.

H 5 and

( 178 )

Sunt verba et voces, quibus hunc lenire dolorem

Poilisy et magnam morbi deponere partem. 3 J

Laudis amore tumfes ? funt certa piacula, quse te

Ter pure leSib poterunt recreare libello.

Inviaus, iracundus, iners, vinofus, amator ;

Nemo adeo ferus eft, ut non mitefcere pofiit,

Si modo cultural patientem commodet aurem* 40 {

"»

Virtus eft, vitium fugerc; et fapientia prima,

Stultitia caruifTe. vides, quse maxima creais

Efla mala, exiguum cenfum, turpemque repulGuO;

Quanto devites animi capiti fque labbre.
' Impiger extremos curris mercator ad Indos, 45 . I

Per mare pauperiem fugiens, perfaxa, p^er ignes.

Ne cures ea, quse ftulte miraris et optas,

Difcere, et audire, et meliori credere nen vis ?

Quis circum pagos et circum compita pugnax

Magna coronari contemnat Olympia, cui fpes, £0
. Cui fit conditio dulcis fine pulvere palmar ?

Villus argentum eft auro, virtutibus aurum.
O cives, cives, quaerenda pecunia primum eft ;
Virtus poft nugimos : hsec Janus uimmus ab tmo
faJFcriocct ; haec recinunt juvencs diftata feaefque, ^g
(hj Laevo fufpenli loculos tabulamque lacerto.
£ft animus tibi, funt mores, eft linguai, fidefque :
(cj Sed quadringentis fex feptem millia def^nt,
Plebs eris. at pueri ludentes, Rex eris, aiunt,
Si reiSte fades. Hie murus aheneus eftp^ 60

Nil confcire (ibi, nulla pallefcere culpa.
Rofcia, die fodes, melior lex, an puerorum
Nasnia, quae regnum re^ facientibusofterti
£t maribus Curiis, et decantata Camillis?
Ifne tibi melius fuadety qui, rem facias; rem, 6^

(a) Prodocet. /

(b) I^aevofufpeniiy tte, Omiuit ut inUrpctatumi Cunn.
(e) Si qoadrigentis fex (eptcm milia defunt.

Eft animus tibi^ faot moresi ct lingua, fide%ue ;
Plebs erist

' Si

( 179 )
and * charms, with which you may miti^te this pain,
and rid yourieif of a great part of the diflemper* Do
you fwell with the love of praife ? There are certain

, purgations which can reftore you, a certain treatifd
being perufed thrice with purity of mind. The envi-
ous, cnoleric, indolent, the (lave to wme, to women ;
none is fb favage, that he cannot be tamed, if he will
only knd a patient ear to difcipline.

It is virtue to fly vice; and the fn&Jiep ^wlfdom,
to have lived free from folly. You fee with what toil
of mind and body you avoid thofe things which you
believe to I^^ the greateft evils, a fmall lortune, and a
ihameful repulfe. An adtive merchant you run to the
remotefl: Indies, fleeing poverty through fea, through
rocks, through flames. And will you not learn, and
hear, and be advifed by one that is wifer,. that you'
asay no longer regard {hofe things which you fooliihly
admire and wi(h for ? What little champion of the vil-
lages and of the flreets would fcom being crowned at
the great Olympic games, who had the hopes and hap-
py opportunity of vidtory without toil ?

Silver is lefs valuable than gold, gold than virtue.
O citizens, citizens, wealth is to be fought for firil ;
virtue after riches : this the highefb f Janus from the
iowefl: inculcates ; young men and old repeat thefe
maxims, having their bags and account-books hung
onthe left arm. You have foul, have breeding, have
eloquence, and honour : if fl^ or feven thoufand fe-
flerces be wanting to complete your four hundred thou-
fand, you (hall be a Plebeian. But boys at play cry,

^ You fliall be king, if you will do right. Let this be
a marC^ brazen wall, To be confeious of no ill, to turn
pale with no guilt. Tell me, pray; is the Rofcian
law beft, or the boys fong, which offers the kingdom
to them that do right, fang bv the manly Curii and
CamiUi? Does he advife you Deft, who fey s, make a

^ Tfe eOfffidtrs pbiiaftpiy as of mu/ical forct againfi the unrulj paf'
JxQmtfiht mind,

f There was ajireti in Rome, at^cach end of which was a fiatut of
Jtauti JrtfuenUahy ufurers, Sw.

H 6 fortune ;

( i8^ )

Si poIEs tt&G i (i non; quoorunquie modo vem ; '
Ut proprius fpcftes lac«-ympfa poemata Puppi y j .
An qui fortunae te rcfponfarc luperba
Libcrura et ere^lumprasferts faJhariAtur^ et aptat ?

-. <*".

• tf-

Quod fi me populus Romanus forte Togct, cur ?<>'
Non, ut porticibuS) fic judiciis fniar ifdem, ' i
Nee fequa'r aut fugiam, quae diligit ipfe vel odit;
Olim quod vulpes aegroto cauta Teoni
Rcfpondit, referam : Quia me vedigia tcrrcnt, :

Omnia te adverdiin fpe&antia, nulla retrorfum, 7^^'
Bellua f'ij ihultorum es capitum. nam quid fequar ^

aut quem ?
Pars hominumgeftit conducere pub Ilea : (unt qui
fcj Cruftis et pomis viduas venentur avar^s^
Exdpiantque fenes, quos in vivaria mittant : ji

Muhis occulto crcfcit res fenore* vemm '5o' ;

Efto aliis alios rebus ftudiifque teneri : J

lidemeadem pofl'unt horamdurareprobantes?
Nullus in orbe finus Baiis praslucet atnoenis^ ?

Si dixit dives; lacus et mare fentit amorem
Feftinanris heri : cui fi {^JJ vitiofa libido 85

Feccrit aufpicium ; eras ferramenta Teanum ■ x *

Tolletis fabri. le£^us ^enialis inaula eft ? ^ , (

Nil ait effe prius, melius nil coelibc vita: . |

Si non eftr, jurat bene folis cffe maritis* *

Quo tencam vultiis mutantem Protea nodo ? 90 '

Quid pauper ? jide : mufat ccenacula, Ic^os, t

Balnea, tonfores ? condu£to navigio aeque \

Naufeat ac locuples, quem dueit priva trircmis.

Si curatus inaequali tonfore capilk)s
Occuro, rides t fi.fortefubiicula pexae 9^

Trifa fubeft<unicse, Vel-fi toga diffidet impar ;
Rides, quid ? mea cum pugnat fententia (ecum ;
Quod petiit, fpcrnit J repetit quod naperomifit ;

(a) Honatur et optstt. (hj Multorum eft capitum. SmtK
(c) Fruftis ct pomis. (d) Ventofa libido. MarkL

;Eftuat,

f til )

fortune; a fortuftCy if you can, honeftly; if not, a
fortune by any means ; that you may view Ji^om a
nezTcr J^enc^ t;he tear*moving poem of Puppius : or he
who friendly animates and enabks you to fland frd&
and upright, a match for haughty fortune ?

If now perchance the Roman people ihquld.aik me,
why do I not ^njoy the fame fcntimcqts with them, afr-
I Jo the fame porticoes, norpurfue or fly from whatever
they admire or diflike; I will repFy, what the cauti«
ous fox' once on a time anfwered the iick Hon : Be*
caufe the foot-marks all looking towards you, and
none from you, affright me. Thou art a monfterwith
many heads. For what (hall I follow ? or whom }
One fet of men delight to farm the public revenues :
there are fome who would- inveigle covetous rich wi-
dows with fweetmeats and frpics, andenihareoldmen^
whom they might fend Ukefijh into their ponds : the
fortunes of many grow by concealed ufury. But be it
that different men are engaged in different" employ-
ments and purfuits : can the fame perfons continue aa
hour together approving the fame things } If the man
of wealth has faid, no bay in the world outfhines de-
lightful Batae, the lake and the fea prefently feel the
eagernefs of their impetuous roafter ;. to whom, if a
vicious humour gives the omen, he* II cry ^ to-morrow,,
workmen, you ihj^ll convey from hence your tools to ,
Teanum. Ha^ he in his hall the genial bed? He
fays, nothing is preferable, to, nothing better than a
fingle. life ; if he has riot, he fwears the married oxAf
are happy. With what noofe can I hold this Proteus,,
varying thus his forms? What does the poor man ?
Laugh at^ him too : Is he not ever changing his gar* ,
rets, beds, baths, barbers ? He is as much furfeited
in a hired boat, as the nch man is whom his owtr gal-
ley conveys.

If I meet you with my hair cut avjry by an uneven
barber, you laugh at me: Ifxl chance to have a rag-
ged (kirt under a handfome coat, or if my difpropor-
tioned gown ill fits me,, you lajigh : What do you do;.
when my judgment contradids itielf .^ fVhen it defpifes,
what it before delired 5 feeks for that which lately it

neg-

^

s

( i8a )

j£(luaty et vttac difeonvenit ordine toto ;

Diiruit, aedificat, muUt quadrata rotundis ? ' t oa

Inianire putas folemnia me* neque tides,

Nee mcdici credis^ nee euratoris egere

A prctore dati ; renim tutela mearuiH •

Cum iiS| et prave fe6tum ftomacheris ob unguem

De te pendentis, faj te refpietentis amici« 105

Ad fumiQam, fapiens uno minor eft Jove, dives,
liber, honoratus, pulcher, rex denique resum ;
Praecipue fanus, nin cum pituit^ molefU eft«

E p rs T O L A. n..

Ad L O L L 1 U M,

H9merum pra philofofbis emiuhus pptimum ejfe virtuttF
magtfrum declarat^ et adjaftenticjludium mature ca^
fejfendum hortatur. .

TROJANi belli fcriptorem, maxime Lolli,
Dum tu declamas Romse, Prsenefte relegt :
Qui, quid fit pulchrum, quid turpe, quid utile, quid

non,
(hj Planius ac melius Chryfippo et Crantore dicit.
Cur ita crediderim, nifi quid te detinet, audi* 5

Fabula, qua Paridis pro(>ter narratur amorem
Graecia Barbariac lento collifa duelto,
Stultorum regum, et populomm continet aeftus.
Antenor cenTet belli praecidere caufam*
(e) Quid Paris ? ut falyus regnet, vivatque, beatus, lo

^41^ Te fufpidentit amici. Uf'mf^ (^^^ Plcnius acmeliut,
(c) Q«K>d Paris, ttt falvus.

Cogi

/

( «93 )

negleAed; is all in a ferment^ and is inc$afiil«Qt ii|
the whole tenor of life ; pulls dovrn, builds isp^
chan^ fquare to round ? In this cafe, you think lam
mad m the conamon way, and you do not laugh mt aXf
nor believe that I ftand in need of a phyiician, or of a
keeper affigned by the prsetor ; albeit you ai^^ the
guardian of my al[airs, and are difguiled atfucbapunc^
tiliQ as an iU-pored nail of a friend that depends upon
you, that reveres you.

In a word, the wife man is inferior to Jupiter alone^
is .rich, free, honourable, handfomc, Mly, king of
kings ; above all, he is founds unlefs when defluxions
^ are troublefome.

EPISTLE II.

To L L L I U S.

He prefers Homer to all the fhilo/4>phers, as a moral
writer^ and aJvi/es ah early ctJti<vation ofmrhie^

WHILE you, great Lollius, declaim at Rome, I at
rr^ ?''*°«^c^aveperufed over again the writer of
the Trojan war ; who teaches moie clearly, and better
than + Chijlippus and Grantor, what is laudable,
what Ihameful, what profitable, what not fo* If no-
1 * j^j*!?'^^^* y®" ^/^^rw//r, hear why I have con-
cluded fo. The ftoty in which,, on account of Paris*s
mtngue, Greece is related to be wafted^in a tedious
w^r with the Barbarians, contains the tumults of fool-
iih pnnces and people. Antenor gives his opinion for
cutting off the caufe of the war. What does Paris ?
He cannot be brbught to comply, though it is in order

i I

N

^ • Allu^fig fcemingly fo ahaffhge in Euiaetus, prcfervedhy Ar-
nan, y,herctn an Epicurian a^/tffl, to the liing of a Providenfe frcm
^*y'!"S fermented wub a continual dejluxion yjornohicb Epi«ru»
uj^ratds hts puH^ asks, if ft Is not better to ufi his havds to nvlpe

t Tv^ eminent pbilofipersandwrikrs on moral Jithjeas.

/

\

Cogi pofle negat. Nefl:or componere lit«3
Inter Peliden fcftinat ct inter Atnden ;
HuncamoT, ira quidem comoouniter urit ut^mque^
Quidquid delirantjieges, ple£hintur Achivi,
Seditione, dolis, fcelere, atque libidine, et ira^ x r
lliacos intra muros peccatur, el: extra*

Rurfus quid virtus, ct quid fapientia poffit,
Utile propofuit nobis exemplar Ulyflchi :
Qui domitor TrojsB, naultorum providus urbes
Et mores hominum infpcxit ; latumque per jeq^Jor, 20
Dum fibi, dum fociis reditum parat, afpera multa
Pertulit, adverfis rerum immerfabilkj undis.
Sirenum voce?, et Circes pocula nofti :
Quae'fi cum fociis ftultus cupidufque bibiflet.
faj Sub domina m«retrice fuiflct turpis ct excors ; 2C
Vixiffet canis immundus, vcl arnica luto fus.

Nos numerus fumus, etfruges confumere nati, '
^ponfi Penelopes, nebulones, Alcinoique
In cute curanda plus aequo opfcrata juventus ;
Cui pulcbrum fuitin medios dormire dics,-et ja

Ad ftrcpitum citharas f^J ceflatum duccre curam,
Ut jugulent bomines, furgunt deno£le latrones t
Ut teipfum ferves, non cxpergifccris ? at qui
('cj Si noles fanus, curres bydropicus : et ni .
Pofces ante diem librum cum lumine, fc non 3 j

Intendes animum ftudtis et rebus 'bonef):is ;.
Invidia vel amore vigil torquebere. ham cur,
Quae Ixdunt oculos, ^ftinas demere ; fi quid
£{l animum, differs curandi tempus in annum ?
I>!midium faAi qui ccepit babet. fapere aude^

faj Sub diva tneretrice. ftj CefTatam ducere curasDi S^aiig*.
CelTantem duceze fomnum; Stnti. (cj Si nelis fanus, curres by-,-
dropicus.

Incxpe,

■'■T^

;

that he may reigQ^ fafe, and live happy. Neftor la-
bours to :COinpofe the differenoe^^ between Achilles and
Agamemnon i Ipve inflamtia one ; ragi^, bQth in com*
mon. The Greeks fuffer for what their princes aft
foo]i(hly> Within the ,walls of Ilium, and without,
enormities are committed, by {edition, treachery, in-
juflice^ and Infl:, and i:#ge«

Again, to fliew what virtue, . and what wifdom can
do, he has propofedUlyfles an inftrii^ive ps^tern to U8(
who having Subdued Tjroy, wifely got an infight into
t)ic conftitutioqsi and cuuoms^ of many nations ; and
whilp for himfelf, while for bis aflbciates he is con-
triving a return int^ fheJrown couniry^ on the fpacioua
fea he endured many hardihips^ aadwas^not to be
funk by all the ftorms of advcrfity. You are wtU ac-
quainted with the fongs. of the Sirens, and Circe's
cups : of which, if he had fooliflUy and greedily drank,:
along with his:atidi|dant»y he had been «» ignominious
and ^nfelefs^vf , und«r the commandof a prollitute :
he had lyttd a filthy dog, or a hog that delights ia
mire*

We are a meei' number, and born onfy to coQfume
the fruits of the earth ; ^tke Penelope's fuitors, ufeleia
drones^ like Alcinous's. youth, , who were emplc^ed
above meafure in pamf^ring their bodiear ; all whofe
Igjdry war to, deep till mid<»day, and to lull their cares
to reft by ^he found of the harp. Robbers tife by
night, that they may cut mens throats ; and won V
you a\yake to fave yourfeif ? But if. you will not when'*
you are in health, you will be forced to take care when'
you are in a dropfy * ; and unlefs before day you call
for a book with a light, nnlefsr you brace your mind
with ftudy and honeft employments ; you will be kffi
awake ami tormeiited with envy or with love. For
why do you haften to remove what hurtsr youT eyes ; '
but if any thing gna\vs upon your mind, do you de-
fer the time of curing it from year to year ? He has
half done who has made a beginning* Therefore bold-
ly undertake the ftudy of true wifdom : begin it/r^--

• i.e. If you wiR not take proper precautions to prcvtnt difUmptrSf
you will bejorccd to ufc difagrcuibU remedies^

fently*

( i8* )

Ihcipe. mendt tede qw profogat horanr,
Ruincus €x£p€€taa. dum defluat amnis : at ilfe
l^ibkur, et labetur in omae YoiubSis ae^uou

QuaBritiir argentmn, puerifque beata creandik
Uxofi et incults pecantiir vomere filvae. 45

Suod fatis eft, cui contiogit, nihil amplius optet«
on domus, et fundus, non aeris acenrus et auri
iEgroto domini deduxit corpora febres, *
Non animo curas. vaieat pofleflbr oportet^
Sic comportatis rebus bene coeitat uti. jo^

Suicupitaut metuit ; juvat iuum fie domus, et reS|
t lippum pi^be tabulUe, ("aj fboienta podagraoiy
Auriculas citharse «olle&a forde dolentes,
Sincerum efi nifi vas, quodcunque infondis, acefcit.
Sperne voluptatei ; nocet emta doloie voluptas. j;
Semper avarus eget : certum voto pete finem.
Invidus alterius macrefck rebus o^imis :
Ihvidia Siculi non infenere tyranm
Majus tormentum. qui non moderabitur inr,
Infedum volet efle, (BJ dolor quod fuaferit et menr,
Smn pcenas odio per yizn feftinat inulto. 61

Ira furor brevis etL animum rege ; qui nifi paret,
lAiperat : hunc firenis, bunc tu compefee catena.
Ftngit equum tenera docilem cervice magifter
Ire Tiami qua monftrat eques : venaticus, ex quo 65
Tempore cervinam peilem latravit in aula,
'Mjiwat ilk fihris catulut. nunc adbibe puro
Fedore vecba, puer ; nunc te melioribus of&r.
Quo femel eft imbuta recens, fenrabit odorem
Tefta diu. quod fi ceflas, aut ftrenuus anteis : 7a

Ncc tardum opperior, nee praecedentibus mflo.

fs) Fomettta podagnun. J?M//« (h) JDolor %iiod ftnferit ex*^

EPISTOLA

( j87 )

fintly. He who poflpooes the hour of living welly
like the hind i« tbiftAu^ waits titl oQ the <waier in the
river it run off: whereas it flows, and will flow ever
roUing iM a cdHtintudJtream.

, Money is fought for, and a wife fruitful in bearing
children^ and wild vtNxxllands are reclaimed by the
plow. To what end all tbiif He that has got a con^*
tency, let him wUh for no more. Not a houie, and
farm, not a heap of * brafs and gold can remove fevers
from the body of their fick mauer, or cares from his
mind. The pofleflbr mufl be well^ if he thinks of en-
joying the thmgs he has heaped together. He that is
a flave to delire or to fear, his houfeor eilate does him
juft as much good as jiaintings do a fore eyed perfon,
fomentations do the gout, mu&c does the ears that are
afflided with colle£ted matter. Unlefs the veiFel is
fweet, whatever you pour into it turns four. Defpife
i^eafures : pleafure bought with pain is hurtful. The
covetous man is ever in want : fet a certain limit to
your wiihes. The envious ^rfon wafies at the thriving
condition of another : Sicilian tyrants never invented
a greater torment than envy. He that will not curb
his paiEon, will wiih that undone which his nmld grief
and refentment prompted him to, while he violently
]4ies his revenge witn unfated rancour. Rage is a
Ihort madnefs. Rule vour paffion ; which commands,
if it does not obey ; do you reflrain it with a bridle,
do jFOu with fetters. The groom forms the docile horfe
while his neck is yet taider, to go the way which his
rider directs him : the youn^ hound, from the time
that he barked at the deer*s ikinin the hall, campaigns
it in the woods. Now, while vou are young, with an
untainted mind imbibe inftruoion ; now apply your*
felf to the beft mafiirs of morality. A calk will long
preferve the flavour,' with which, when new, it was
once impregnated.*— But if you lag behind, or vigo-
roufhr pufli on before ; I neither wait for the loitereri
0or flnve to overtake thole that precede me.

• Brafs was a ffCiy voluobkpari of ike Rottsa twrreney*

£PISTi;.E

( i88 )

E P I S T O L A III.

Ad JULIUM FLORUM.

^adam de Tiheric aefuis amicis percomatus^ Florum
adfafientiajiudium cohortatur*

JULI Flore, quibus tprrarum roilitet oris
Claudius Augufli privignus, fcire labprp.
Thracane vos, Hebrufque nivali compede vinfhis^
An frcta vicinae inter (aj currentia turrcs,
An pingues A fie campi coUefque morantiu: ? j

Quid fludiofacohors operum uniit } hoc quoquecuro*
Qyis iibi ret gedas Augufli fcribere fumit ?
Bella quis et paces longum difTundit in sevum ?
Quid Titius, Romana brevi ven turns in ora?
Pindarici fontijB' qui non expalluit hauflus, ' 10

Failidire lacus et rivos. aufus apertos : -
\it valet ? ut meroinit noftri? fidibufne Latinis
Thebanos aptare modos fkudet, aufpici Mufa?
An ^ragica aeiaevit et; ampullaturjp arte ?
Qukf mihi Celfus agit ? mopitus, multumque oionen*

Frivatas i4t quacrat ope^ et tangere vitet
Scripta, Palatinus qu^^unque recepit ApoUo :
Nc, fi forte fuas rep^titym yeneritolim,
Grex avium plutnasy moveat cornicula rifum
Furtivis nudata coloribus« ipfe quid audes ? 20

Quae circumvolitas agilis tb yma \ nton tibi parvum
Jngenium, non inculti^n eA, (h) et turpiter hirtum^

(^) Currentia tcmu* (h) Ncc turpiter lurtupi»

I .• >. • ' • , » f >

Sett

( »89 )

EPISTLE III.

r6 JULIUS FLO RU S.

A/fir enquiring after Claudius Tiberius Nero, andfomi
of his friends :^ be exhorts Florus to the fludy of p^A*

ILoag to kaow, Julius Florus, in what regions o^
the earth Claudius, the' :fte:Jj-fon of Auguftus, is
-leading Wa^r. Do Thrace and Hebrua bound with icy
chains, or the narrow fea running between the neigh-*
bouring * towers, or Afia^g fruitful plains ^nd hlHs
detain you ? What works arc theftudious f train plan-^
ning ? In this too I am anxious. Who takes upon
himfelf to write the militaryatchievemeatsofAugudus^
Whp . diffufcs into^ 4iftant ages, the glory of his wars,
and ^he frudeHce of his J "peaces ? What is Titlius ibmit,
who will fhortly be celebrated by every Roipan tongue?
who dreaded not to drink of the Pindaric fpring,
daring to difdain* common waters and open ftreams ;
How does he do ? How mindfiri b be of me^? Does he
employ himfelf to adsmt Hieban meafures to thcLatin
lyre, under the direaion of his mufe ? or does he
Korm and fwell m the pompous %le of tragic art ^
What may I espetft from Cetfus ? He has been ad-'
vifed, and the 'adyice is ftill often to be repeated, ' tii
acquire a fto<5k of his own, and forbear to touch what-
ever writings the Palatine Apollo has received ; lefl-,
if it chapce that the flock of birds fliould fome time or
other "come to demand their feathers, he, like the daw*
ilript of his ftolen colours, be expofed to ridicule.
What do you undertake ? What tnyme are you bufy
hovering about } Your eenius is not fmall, is not un-
cultivated, and ihamefully rough. Whether you edge
your tongue for pleading caufes, or whether you pre-

* Tht Hellerponr, between Se&os and Ahydos,
+ Toung gentleim » ofkarnlng^ who formed the court and guard of
Auguftus.

^ Or, kis mWtary and peaceful honoitn T

pare

i ^90 )

Seu lingnam caufis acuis^ feu civica jura
'Refpondere paras: feu condis a^abile carmen ;
Prima feres edene vi6tricis pmnia. quod fi 2t

Frigida curarum fbmenta reiiaquere pofles;
Quo te ccdeftis fapientia daceret, ires*
Hoc opus, hoc ihadium panri properemus et ampli ;
Si patriae volumus, fi nobis vivere cari.

Debes hoc etiam refcribere, ('a J fi tibi cune^ 30
Quantae conveniat, Munactus ; an male farta
Gratia nequicquam coit, et refcinditur ; ac tos
Seu calidus fanguis, feu rerum inicitia vexat^
Indomita cervice feros ? ubicunque loconxn
Vivitis, indigoi fratemum rumpere foedus^ 35

Pafi^tur in veflrum reditum votiva juvenca.

E P I S T O L A IV.

Ad alb IU M- T 1 bull UM*

D^tes ^us fradUat^ et' propojba mortis cogitatiom ad

bilaritaUm cawuertitm

ALBI| noftiorum fermonum candide judpr.
Quid nunc te dicamfacerein regione Pedana?
Scribere quod Caffi Pamienfis <»ufcula vincat : ,
An taciturn filvas inter reptare udubres,
Curantem quidquid dignum fapieote boaoque eft ? 5
Non tu corpus eras fine pe^^ore, Di tibi fonnami
Ditibidivitiasdederanty artemque fruendi.

Quid voveat duki nutricula majus aluolno,
-fh) Q^\ fapere, et fan poffit quae fentiat ; et cui
Gratia, fama, valetudo contingat abunde, t%

(c) £t mundus vi&us, (d) non deficiente cruroena ^

Inter fpem curamque, timoKs inter et ir£s|
Onincm crede dkm tibi diiuxife fupremum^

{a) Sit tibi cune.. Si tibi cur* eft, BtnU,

(b) Q3,am fapeic^ et fari ut poffit* quae ientiat ; utque
Qgi fapere* et fari ut pofliti qose (entiat* ec cui^ JJtmb,

(c) Et modui et Tictus, £t domus, et victoti f |pl/«

("4/^ ^on deficiente Canuflai J?pm/2«/»

Grata

( I9X )

pafe topve eoonfel in .the civM lair t or whether jroit
cocnpofe fome lovely poem ; vou will bear off the firft
prized the viAmous iv]r» Ubiow yon coM quit the
cold fomentations pf care^ wherever divine phildb*
phy would lead yoii» you would go. Let us, both
mall and gre^t pulh forward m this work-in thia
purfuit ; if to ounelves we would live dear.

You muft^o write me word of thb, whether Ma«
iiatius is of as much concern^to you as he ought? Or ,
whether the ill-patched reconciliation in vain cloicf ^
and is rent afunder again ; and either tU hot blood tf
yuryomth^ or inexperience exafperates you, wild^^ii
98 unmanaged couriers ? In whatever place ye live,
too, worthy to break the fraternal bohd^^^Rrfiyr, a de«
voted heiter is feeding agaiaft your return. /

V I

1

EPISTLE IV.

To ALBIUS TIBULLUS.

Hi ^charts bis aecompmbmiuH^ and after fnfojmg the *
thought rfJeaA he cmroertt vt iM9 an occa/un ••/ pUa*
fantry.^

ALBIUS, thou candid critic of my difcourfiss,
what ihall I fay you are now doing m tlie coun*
try about Pedum f Writing what may excel the works
of Caffius Parmenfis ; or fauntering iiiently among v
the healthful groves, concerning yoimelf aboi^t every
thing worthy of a wife and eood man f You were not
a body without a mind. The Gods have given you a
beautiful form, the Gods have given you wealth, and
the faculty of enjoying it*

What CTeater bleffing could a nurie wiih for her be«
loved chud, than that ne mig^t be wife, and able to
exprefs what are his fentiments ; atid that refpe6t, re*
putation, health, might happen to him in abundance^
and a decent living, with a never-failing purfe ^

In the midft of hope and care, in the midft of fears
and difquietudes, think every day that fliines upon

you

( 192 )
Grata feperv^iot^.qliir.tiPOL fper^bttuif, hora.-.

r<

. Me pitigwieniet mtidnm Wne curatacute vi'fesy |
Cnxik ti^Vft Vo\t$f £fnouriilegTegeporcuiiu * j

I.

» ^

10

E P I S TO LA ' V. '
Ad T O R Q TJ A T U' M. '

Jwvztat '4im adffugaltm cmdni^ fed mmulamet g/dktknh

I » • . , - t • • #

^0^ QI potes Archtacifl conviva recuinbcrp h&is^

:0 Nee modica coenate times d[usx)inne ipatella;
Supremo te fole doini, Torquate, inanebo* .
Vina bibes itcrugi Taurodiffufa, psilxtikscs
Inter Minturnas Sinueftanumqiie Petrinum. 5

Si melius quid habes, arceffe; vel imperium fer.
Jamdudum fplendet fociis, tt tibi ndlinda fupellex.
Mitte leves fpes, et eertamina divitiarum,
£t Mofchi eaufam. erf s -vatq Cs^fare fef^9^
Dat Veniam fomnumque dies . impune licebit
^ftivam formonc benigno {^hj tcnuerc no^lpm* ,
{^cj Qud nlihi fortunaip,- fi non conceditur uti?
Parcrus ob heredis curam, nipiiumque feverus,
Affidet infano. potare et fpargcre flores
Licipiami patiarque vel.inconfultus hab^ri.>
Qjiid non ebrietas defignat ? operta r^cludit, , ,
Spes jubet efle ratas ; ad proelia tudit inertem ;
Solicitis animis onus eximit ; addocet artes.
Fecundi calices quern non fecere difertum ?
Contrada quern non in paupertate iblutum ? 20

Haec ego procurare et idoneus ioiperor, et non
Invitus; ne turpe toral, ne fordtda mappa

{a) Si pous Archaicis. (hj ExteadeK no^em. fc) Quo mihi
foituna^.

H

Cor.

( 193 )
you IS Vat laft. Tibus the hour whicb (hall not be ex-
pelled, will come upon you an agreeable addjj^ion.
When you ihali have a mind to laugh, you (hall
. fee me fat and fleek with good keeping, a hog of
£p]purus*8 herd«

EPISTLE V.

Ta TOR Q^U A. T U S.

He invius him f0 a frv^al entertainment^ ^ut/$ ckanty
' imd tbeerful onu . *

IF you ^Vkie domenteii to rejpiofeyourfirlf «J my gueff
upon Archias's couches, and are not afraid to make
a whole meal of herbs from a moderate diih ; I will
wait for you, Torquatus,. at my houfe about fun jfet*
You fliall drink wine put in the veilel ia the fecppd
confuUhip of Taurus,, froduced between the fenny
Minturnae and Pel|rinum of SinueiTa. If you have any
thing better, fend for it ; or bring ypur commands.
Bright ihines my hearth, and my nirniture is clean for
you already, Difmifs aU airy hopes and contents about
riches, and Mofchius's caufe. To-hiorrow, a feflal day
on account of Casfar's birth, allows of indulgence and
repofe. We Ihall have free liberty to prolong the fum-
mer evening with friendly converfation. To what
furhc^e have I a fortune, if I may not ufe it ? He that
is {paring out of regard to his heir, and too niggardly,
is next neighbour to a majd man. Til begin to drink
and to fcatter flowers, and IMi endure even to be ac-
counted inconfiderate. What does not wine freely
drank enterprife ? It difclofes fecrets, commands our
hopes to be ratified \ puihes the coward on to the fight ;
removes the prefTure from troubled minds ; teaches the
arts. Whom have not plentiful cups made eloquent ?
Whom have they not made free and e'afy under pinch-
ing poverty ? . '

I who am both the proper perfon, and not unwilling,
am charged tQ take care of thefe particulars ; that no

Vol. II. I - dirty

( 194 )
Corivget nares ; ne non etcanthams, etlanx
Oflendat tibi te ; ne fidos inter amicos
•Sir, qui diSa foras eliminet ; ut coeat par, 2{

Jungaturque pati* (a) Brutum tibi, SeptimtumquCy
Ef, nifi ccena prior, potiorque puell^ Sabinuin
/^^^Detinet, aiTumam^ locus «ftet pluribus umbris :
Sed nimis ar£la premunt olidae convivia caprx*

Tu, quotus elTe velis, refcribc ; et rebus Omiflis 30
Atria ibrvantem poftico falle dieoteia*

E P I S T O L A VI;

Ad NUMICIUM.

Safienttm nihil admirari fraur *virtuiim.

NIL admirari, prope res efl una, Numici,
Solaque qua: pofiit facereet fervare beatum*
Hunc foleni, etilellas, etdecedentia certis
Tempora momentis, funt qui formftline nulla
Imbuti fpcftenu quid cenies munera terras ? 5

Quid, maris extremos Arabas ditantis et Indos ?
Ludicra qu;d, plaufus, et amici dona Quiritis }
Quo fpc6i:anda modo, quo fenfu credis, et ore ?
Qui timet his adverfa, fere miratur eodem
Quocupiens pa^o: pavpr efl utrobiquemoleftus; 10
Imprbvifa (imul fpccies cxtcrret utrumque :
Cfaudeaf , an doleat ; cupiat, metuatne ; quid ad rem ;
Si, quidquid vidit melius pejufve fua fpe,
Denxisoculis, animoque et corpore torpet ?
Infani fapiens nomcn fcrat, aequus iniqui; i^

Ultra, quam fatis efl, virtutem fi petat ipfam.

(a) Bptrathtlbi, Sfpticium<i«e. (h) IMnet, ad ftiBunam lows eft.

I nunc^ ^

( 195 )
dirty covering on the couch, no foul napkin contrafi
your nofe into wrinkles ; and that the cup and the
difh may iliew you to yourfelf ; that there be no one
to carry abroad what is faid among faithful friends ;
that equals may meet and be joined with equals, I will
add to you Brutus and Scptimius, and Sabinus, unlefs
a better entertainment, and a miftrefs more agreeable
detains him. There is room alfo for many iatroducr
tions ; but goaty rammi(hnef$ is ofeafiye in companies
that are too much crouded.

Do you write word what number you would be ;
and fetting afide bufinefs, through the back-door give
the ilipto your client who keeps guard ia your court.

r

£ P I ST L E VI.
. To NUMICIUS.

That a voifi'man is in love, with n&tbing txcept^irtuim

TO admire nothing is almoft the one and only
thing, Numicius, which can make and keep a
man happy. There ^x^fome who view this fun, and
the ftars, and the Jeafons retiring at certain periods,
untainted with any fear* What do vou think of the
gifts of the earth } what, of the iea that enriches
the remote Arabians and Indians ? what of fcenical
Ihews, the applaufe and favours of the kind Roman ?
In what manner do you think they are to be looked
upon, with what apprehenOous, and "v^ith ixthat coun-
tenance ? He that dreads the reverfe of thefe, admires
them almoft in the fame way as he that defires them :
fear alike diflurbs both ways: an unforefeen turn of
things equally terrifies each of them : let a man re-
joice or grieve ; defire, or fear ; what matters it : if,
whatever he perceives better or worfe than his expec-
tations, with downcaf^ look, he is ftupified in mind
and body ? Let the wife man bear the name of fool,
the juft of unjuA ; if he purfues virtue itfelf beyond
proper bounds,

la C>«

'\

( 196 ')

I nuTic, argentum, et marmor vetus, sefaque, ct

artes.
Sufpicc : cuni gemmis Tyrios mirare colores :
<jraude, quod fpe6iant oculi te millc loqucntem :
Gnavus inahe forum 1 et vefpertinus pete te^lun^, 20
Ne plus frumenti dotal ibus emetat agris
_/aJ Mutius ; (indignum ; quod fit perjoribus ortus)
Hie tibifit potius, quatii tu n;iirabilU illi.
Quidquid Tub terra efl, in a^ricum proferet actas ; .
Defodiet* t:ondetqueiiitentia. cum bene ziotum 25
Porticus Agri^pas, et via te confpexerit Appi ;
Ire tamen reflat Numa quo devenit et Ancus.
Si latus aut renes.morbo tentantur acuto.
Quaere fugam morbi. vis re£ie vivere ? quis non ?
Si virtus iioc una proteO: dare : fortis omiifis 30

Hoc age deliciis. virtutem verba putas, et
Lucum ligna ? cave ne portus occupet alter :
Ne Cibyratica, ne Bithyna negotia perdas.:
Mille talenta rotundentur, totideni altera ; porro
T^rtia fuccedant, et quae pars quadret acervum. . 3 J
Scilicet uxorem cum dote, fidemque, et amicos^
£t genuS) et formam, regina Fecunia dpnat ;
Ac bene nummatiim dccoratSaudela, Venuf^ue*
Maficipiis locuples, eget aeris Cappadocum rex :
Ne fueris hie tu« chlamydes LucuUus, xxt aiunt, 40
Si pofTet centum fc'ense prasbere rogatus,
Qui poflum tot ? ait : tahien et qu^ram, et quod ha«

bebp,
Mittam : pofl pauIo fcribit-, fibl millia quinque
Efle domi chlamydum ; partem 9 vel toUcrct omiies*
Exilis domus efl, ubi non et multa fuperfunt, 45
Et dominum fallunt, et profunt furibus. ergo
Si res fola poteft facere ct fervare beatum ;
Hoc primus repetas opiis, hoc poftremus omittas*
Si fortunatum fpecies, et gratia praeftat ;

(/*J Mutus, ct (Indignum.)

Mer- •

^ ( 197 )

Go now, look with tranfport upon filvcr, and an*
tique marbie, and brazen itatues, and the arts : ad-
mire gems and the Tyrian colours : rejoice, that »
thoufand eyes are fixed up6n you while you fpeak :
indudrious repair early to the foTrum, late to your
houfe, that Mutius may not reap n^re grain thanyou^
from his lands gained in dowry, and (unbecoiping in-
deed'^ fince he fprang from meaner parents) that he
may not be an object of admiration to you, rather than
you to him. Whatever is in the earth, time will
|>ring forth in open day-light ; will burj^ and hide
things that now fliinc ' brighteft. When Agrippa's
portico, and the Appian way fhall have beheld you
Well known and illujirious ; ftill it remains for you to
go where Numa and Ancus are arrived. If your iide
or your reins are afflided with an acute difeafe, feek
a remedy for the difeafe* Would you live happily ^
Who would not ? If virtue alone can confer this, dif-
carding pleafure, ftrenuouily purfue it* Do you think
virtue is a fit p^ words, as a grove /i a parcel ^ trees f
Be it your care that no other enter the port before
you : that you lofe not your traffick with Cibyra,
with Bithy^ia. Let the round fuin of a thoufand ta-
lents be completed,^ as many ^rnore ; further, let a
third thoufund fucceed, and the part which may fquare
the heap. For why, fovereign money gives a man a
wife With a lar^^e portion, and credit, and friends^
and family, and beauty; and the GoddfJJes Perfuafion,
and Venus, grace the well-monied man. The king^
of the Cappadocians, tbo*^i\i:h inflaves, is in want-of
coin : be not you like him. Lucullas, as they fay,
being aiked if he could lend a hundi-ed cloaks for the
ftage, How can I fo many ? fays he : yet Til fee, and
fend as many as I have : a little after he writes^ that
he had ^yt thoufand cloaks in his houf? ; they might
take part of them, or all. Tis a fcanty houfe where
there ,are not many things fuperfluous, and which
efcape the owner's notice^ and are the gain of pilfeiing
(laves. If then wealth alone can make and keep a man
happy; be firil in beginning this work ; be lafl in
leaving it oir» If fplendor and popularity makes a

I 3 man

( 198 )

Mereemur fervum, qui di£tet nopina, laevum 50
(a) Qui fodicet latus, et cogat trans pondera dextram
Porrigere : Hie muUum in Fabia valet, ille Velina ;
(h) Cui libet, is fafces dabit ; eripietque curule,
Cui volet, ixnportunus ebur : Frater, Paten adde :
Ut cuique eft astas, ita quemque facetus adopta. 55
3i bene qui coenat, bene vivit : lucet, eamus
Quo ducit gula : pifcemury venemur, ut olim
G argil ius : qui mane plagas, venabula, fcrvos,
DifFertum^O tranfire forum, populuinque jubebat :
Unus ut e multis populo fpe^nte referret 60

Emptum mulus apruro* crudi tumidique lavemuri
Quid deceat, quid non obliti \ Caerite cera
Digni ; remigium vitiofum Ithacenfis Ulylfei ;
Cui potior patria fuit interdida voluptas.
Si» Mimnermus uti cenfet, fine amore jocifque. 6 j
Nil eit jucundum \ vivas in amore jocifque.

Vive : vale, fi quid novifii reflius iftis ; ^
Candidas imperii : ii non, his utere mecuni»

(a) Qui fodlat lattts.

(b) Cuilibet hie fafces dabie.

(c) Traniiit foAim pomeinqae* Tab,

caoipum^tie* BwA»

EPISTOLA

( 199 >
man fbrtuaate ; let us purchafe a flave to di<^late t<i
us the names of t/?e citi:&ens^ ta jog us on the left fidc^
and to make us ftrefch our hand over all obftacles :
this man has much interefl in the Fabian, that in the
Veline/r/^f : this will give the falces to aoy one ; and,
indefatigably active, will fnatch the curule ivory from
whom he pleaies : add the names of father, brother i
according as the age of each is, fo courteoufly adopt .
him. If he who feaHs well, lives well : *tis day ; let
U8 go where our appetite leads us : let us fiih, let us
hunt, as did fome time Gargilius ; who ordered hi»
toils, hunting fpeafs, ilaves, early in the morning, to
pafs through the crouded forum and the people : that
one mule among many, in the fight or the people*
Blight return loaded with a boar purchafed with mo^
ney. Let us bathe with an indigeiled and full-fwolea
flomach, forgetting what is becoming, what not ;
deferving to be enrolled among the citizens of Csere* ;
Uke the depraved crew of Uly&s of Ithaca % to whom
forbidden pleafure was dearer than theiccountry. If,
as Mimnermus thinks, nothing is pleafaat without
love and mirth ; live in love and mirth.

Live"; be in health : if you know of any thing pre-
ferable to thefe maxims ; candidly communicate it :
if not, with me make ufe of thefe.

♦ The Cacrites having ftcured the vejial virgins and tutelary Gods
of Rome ^ luhen it 'u>aj Jaded hy tbt Gauls, wtre rewarded ivith
the privilega of cai%ens\ hut afterwards taking part luit'o Tarquin^
they ivere deffrivcdof fhe right of voting at eleiiionSf and enr olid by
them/chest whence Cxnte Qtrz, or Cseritum tabulis dlgni, fit to roU
with the Caeritee^ hcame_a term of great reproach^

14 EPISTLE

( ioo )

EPISTCLA VII,

Ad. M a C E N a T E M.

Mixcuftu fe Macenaii quod ah urhe abfit diutiui% turn
ejus in fo heneficia ita cofnmendaiy ut Ubcrtatem benC'
jlciis omnibus pothrem ejje declaret.

QUINQUE dies tibi poUicitus mc rurc futurum,
Sextiiem totum mendax defiSeror^ atqui^
{a) Si mc vivcrc vis fanum reftcque valentem j
Quam xnrhi das »gto, dabis sgrotare timentiY
Maecenas, veniam ; dum ficus prima calorcjue ^ ' ^
Deiignatorem decorat li£^onbus atris ;
Dum puerisomnis pater, etmatercula pallet:
OfHciofaaue fedulitas, et opella forenfis
Adducit tebresy et teflamenta vefignaU
Quod fi bruma nives Albanis ilHnet agris, lO^

Ad mare defcendet vates tuus, et fibi parcet,
Contra£lurquc leget ; te^ dul«is aiHice, revifet
Cum Zephyris, ii concedes^ et hirumdine prima*

Not), quo more pyri« vefct Calab«r jubet hoipes^
Tume fecifti locuplctcm. Vefccrc fodes, ij

JamfatisefV. At tu quantua^vis tolle. Benigne;.

(a) Si mfi yivere vis recteque vidcrt valestem*.

Non

( aor J

EPISTLE VII.

To M jE C & N A S.

I

He apologises to Maecenas for his long ahfence fiom
Rome ; and acknon»iedge$ his favours to him infuch
a manner as- to declare liberty freferaUe to all other

llejings.

HAVING pmraifed you that I would be ia the
country but five days ; falfe to my word, I am
sAfcQt the whole month of Auguft*. But if you would
have me live found and in perfect health y the in*
dulgence you grant me, Maecenas, when 1 am iU->
you will grant me (dfo when I am afraid of being ill ;
while the time of the firft figs, and the autumnal heat
graces the undertaker with his black attendants :
while every father and mother turn pale with fear for
their children : .and ^vihUe over^aftod diligence^ and
attendance at thp forura, bring on fevers, and unfeal
wills. But if thfi winter fixall fcatter fnow upon the
Alban fields, your poet will go ddwn to the fea fide»
and he careful of himfelf, and fludy f fparingly ; you,,
dear friend, he will revifit with the zephyrs,... if you
« will give him leave, and with the firft fwallow.

You have made me rich not in the manner whicli
the Calabrian hofl bids his gueji eat of his pears. Eat,,
pray fir. I have had enough. Bui do you take away-
with you what quantity you will. You are very kind.^

* In the oldftile of the Romans, and aftrr the add't:on £/" January
ffni February ^9 their kalendery Sextil'is de-ioted the fixthmonthy the
year beginning nv'tth March. // afterwards received the nane of
Auguft, in honour of Aniguftus ; as Quintilis, the fifth month^ "xas
denominated July, from Julius Caefar.

+ Contractus here is a word of great difficult y, and has bem verv
variou/ly explained iy commentators^ as contracted or bent double with
cold; m clofe confinement, contracto in loco, ^c. but it fetms.
rather a figure arijing out of his idea of the fea; from contrahcre
vela, to furl fail j and to carry, in tiis place^ the- figMfication of
^ing by.

I $ You

( 202 )

Non invifa feres pueris munufcula parvis*
TaAi teneor dono, quam li dimittar onaflus*
Utlibet : haec porcis hodie coined enda relinques*
Prodigus et fhiltus donat quae fpernit et odit : 20

Haec leges insratos tulit, et feret omnibus antiit*
Vir bonus et Sapiens, (a) dignis ait eiTe paratus ;
Nee tamen ignorat quid diftent aera lupinis*
Dignum prxftabo roe etiam pro laiide roerentis*
Quod (i me noles ufquam dilcedere ; reddes 25

forte latus, nigros angufla fronte capillos :
Reddes dulce ioqui : reddes ridere decorum, et
Inter vina fugam Cyharae moerere protervse.

Forte per anguftam fh) tenuis vulpecula rimam
Repferat m cumeram frumenti ; paftaque| rurfus 30
Ire foras pleno tendebat cqrpore fruftra*
Cui muftelaprocul. Si vis, ait, eflfiigere iiftinc,
Macra cavum repetes ar6kum, quem macra fubifB.
Hacego fi compellor imagine, cunda reiigno;
Nee fomnum plebis laudo fatur altilium, nee 35

Otia divitiis Arabum Uberrima muto«
Saepe verecundum laudafli : rexque, paterque
Audifti coram, nee verbo parcius abfens.
Infpice fi pofTum donata reponere Isetus.
Haudmale Telemacbus /^r^ proles patientis Ulyflei; 40
Non eft aptus equis Itfaacae locus, ut neque planis
Porre6tus fpatiis, neque multae prodigus herbc :

/"^^ Dignis ait cfle paratum. ^^^ Tenuis aitedala» J3€itii§

(cj Proles fapientit Ulyflei.

Atride

( ao3 )

You will cany tbem no clifagreeable prefents to your
little children. I am as much obliged by your offer,
as if I were fent s^way loaded. As you pleafe ; you
will leave them to be devoured to-day by the hogs*
The prodigal and fool gives away what he defpifes
and hates : the reaping favours like thefe has produced,
and will ever produce ungrateful men. A good and
wife man proreiTes himielf ready to^ do kindneifes to
the deferving ; and yet is not ignorant how true coins
differ from * lupines. I will alfo (hew my felf deferv-
ing. of the honour of being f grateful. But if you
would not have me depart /r/?»» you any whither ; you
mufl reflore my vigorous conilitution, the black locks
Aatgrtw on my J narrow forehead : you muft reftore
to me the art to talk with pleafantry ; you mull re-
ilore to me the art to laugh with becoming eafe, an^
to whine o'er my liquor at the jilting of the wantou
Cynara.

A thia field moufe had by chance crept through a
narrow cranny into a cheii: of grain ; and, having
feaHed itfelf, in vain attempted to come out again ,
with its body nowfiuffed andmW* To which a weafei
at'a diilance cries, if you would efcape thence, repair
lean to the narrow hole which you entered lean. If T
be addreffed with this fimilitude, I am ready to i^fign
all ; neither do I, fated with delicacies, cry up the
calm repofe of the vulgar, nor would I change my
liberty and eafe for the riches of the Arabians. You
have often commended me for being modefl : whea
prefent you \itzx^from me the appeHatitm ^king and
father, nor ami 2l word more fparing in your abience.
Try whether I can chearfuUy reftore what you have
given me. Not amifs anfiMered Telemachus, fon of
the patient UlyiTes ; the country of Ithaca is not pro-
per for horfes, as being neither extended into cham-
paign fields, nor abounding with much grafs : Atrides^

»

* j9 pulfey ufctLhy wof- of counters,

1- Pro iaude merentis, Jor laude promereutis : r;ke qtjam rem-
cuoque feroxy book i, odewl,

J fye Ought, perhaps J here Only to widerjland a great quantltf of

hair almoft covering his fof-eheqd.

16 I win

( 204 )

Atride, magisapta tibi tua dona rellnquam.
Parvum parva decent mihi jam «on regia Roma^
Sed vacuum Tibur placer^ aut imbellc Tarcntum. 45

Strenuus et fortis, cauiifque Philippusagendis
Clarus, ab officiis a£lavam circiter horam
Dum redit, atque foro nimium diftarc Carinas
Jam grandisnatu queritur c^nfpcxit, utaiunt,
Adraium quendam vacua tonibrits in umbra» ge

Cultello proprios purgantem lenilcr ungues. '
Demetri, (pucr hie non lacvc juffa Philippi
Accipiebat) abi, quaere, et refer j unde domo, quis,
Cujus fortunae, quo fit patre, quove patrono^
Iti redit, et narrat, Vulteium nomine Maenam, ge
Praeconem, tenui ccnfu, ("aj fine crimine notum^
Et properare loco, et ceffarc, et quacrcre, et uti,
Gaudentem parvifquc fodalibus, (^J et larc certo^
Et ludis, et, poft decifa ncgotia, Campo,.
iScitari libet ex ipfo, quodcunquc refers, die 60

Ad cocnam veniat. Non fane credere Maena :
Mirari fecxHn tacitus, quid multa ? Benigne,.
Refpondet. Negat ille mihi ? Negat improbus, et te
Negligif, aut horrct* Vuheium mane Philippus
Vih^a vendentem tunicatofcrutapopello 65

Occupat, et falvere jubet prior^ ille Philippo
Excuiarfc laborem et merccnaria vincla^
Quod non mane domum veniflct ; denique quod non
Providiffet eum. Sic ignoviflc putato
Me tibi, fi coenas hodie mecum. Ut libet. Ergo 70
Poft'noman venies; nurtci, rem ftrenuus aiige.
Ut ventum ad coenam eft ; dicenda, tacenda locutus,
TTandcm dormitum dimittitur. hie ubi faepe
Occultum vifus decurrerc pifcis adhamum.
Mane cliens, et jam certus conviva ; jubetur yf

(a) Et lare certo. (h) Sine crimine notum.

Rura

( M5 )

I will leave behind me youf gifts *which an movt
proper for yourfeif. Small things befk fuk this fmali'«
No longer does imperial Rome pleafe me, but unfre-
quented Tibur, and unwarlike Tarentum.

Philip, aiftive and ftrong, and famed for pleading
caufes^ while he is returning from his employment
about the eighth hour, and now of a great age, ia
coinipdaining that the Carinas were too far didant from
the forum ; he fpied, as they fay, a' perfon clean
&aven in a barber's etimty (hed, compofedly parine
his own nails with a knife. Demetrius, y«yi bty (this
flavc dexteroufly received his maftef's orders) go, erf^
quire, and bring me word, fronl what houfe, wYiobe
is, of what fortuae, who is his fether, or who's his
patron. lie goes, returns^ and relates, that he is 1^
name Vulteius Mena, an au^lionecr, of (mall fortune,.
€^ a chara6ter quite uneiEceptionable, that he could
upon occafi()» piv bufily, and take his eafe, and get^
and fpend, delighting in a few low companions, and
a fettled dwelling, and after buiiiiefs ended, in the
ikews, and the Campus Martitts.

I would inqun^ of hinob himfelf all this which ya\jt
report. Bid him come to fup with me. "Mena can-
not believe it : he wonders filently within himfelf»
Why many words ? Heanfwers, 'Tis obliging, ^ Does
he deny me ? The rafcal denies, and difregards, of-
dreads yoii. In the morning Philip comes unawares
upon Vulteius as he is felling brokery goods to the
tunic'd populace, and falutes him iirft. He pleads to
Philip his employment, and the confinement of his
builnefs, in excule for not waiting upon him in the
morning ; and afterwards,^ for not feeing him firil.
£xpe^ that I'U excufe you on this condition, that you
fup with me to-day» Asyoupleafe. Then you will
come after the ninth hour : now go, flreriuoufly in^
creafe your (lock. When they were come to f upper ;
having difcourfed promifcuoujly of things of a public
and a private nature, at length he is difmifTed to go^
toileep. When he had often been feen to repair like
afifh to the concealed hook, in the morning a client,
and now become n, conflant gueft s he is defired to ac-

com*

< 206 )

Rura ibburbana indi^tis comes ire Latinis.
Impofitus mannts, arvum coelumque Sabinum
Non ceflat laudare. videt, ridetque Philippus :
£t iibi dum requiem, dum rifus undique quaerit^
Dum feptem donat feftertia, mutua feptem 80

Promittit ; perfuadet uti mercetur agellum :
Mercatur. ne te longis ambagibus ultra
Quam fatis efl morer ; ex &itido fit ruilicus, atque
Sulcos et vineta crepat mera ; pra^parat ulmos ;
Immohtur ftudiis, et amore fenefcit habendi. 8j
Verum ubi ovesfurto,. morbo periere capellae ;
Spem mentita feges, bos eft ene£^u$ arando :
Offenfus damnis, media de no6te cabal! um .
Arripit, iratufque Fhilippi tendit ad aedes.
Quern fimul afpexit fcabrum intonfumque Philippus ;
Dtirus, ait, Vultei, nimis attentufque videris 91

££fe mthi. Poly me miierumy patrone^ vocares^
Si velles, inquit, verum mihi ponere nomoQ.
Quod te per Geoiumy dextramque, Deofque, Penates^
Obfecro, et obteftor ; vit$e me redde priori. 95

{aj Qui fimul afpexit, quantum difmifia petitis
Fneftent ; mature redeat, repetatque relifSU,

r

Metiri fe ^uemque fuo modulo ac ped^ verum t&,

(a)- Qui feffld aff«xitt

EPISTOLA

••^

( ^^7 )
company PhiUp to his country feat near the city at
the proclaiming of tbe,^ Latin feflivals. Mounted on
horieback, he ceafes not to cry up the Sabine fields and
air» Philip fees it, and fmites : and while he is feek-
ing amufement and divedion for himfelf oat of every
thiogt while he makes him a prefent of feven thou*
/Ittui ^tttrceSf proroiies to lend him feven th%ufand
m§re ; perfuades him to purchafe a farm : he does
make a parchaie. That I may not detain you with ft
long ftory beyond what is neccflary ; from a imiart cit
he becomes a downright ruftic, and prates of nothing
but furrows and vineyards ; prepares his elms ; is
ready to die with eager diligence, and grows old
through a paffionate deiire of pofleffing. But when his
fheep were lofl by theft, his goats by a diflemper ; his
harveft deceived his hopes, his ox was killed with
plowings ; fretted with thefe lofles, at midnight he
fnatches his na^, and in a paflion makes his way to
Philip's houfe. Whom as foon as Philip beheld rough
and unihaven : Vulteius, fays he, you feem to me to
be too laborious and eameft. In truth, patron, re-
plied he, you would call me a wretch, if you would
apply to me my true name. I befeech and conjure
you then, by your genius, and your right hand, and
your houfliold Gods ; reftore to me my former <u;<fy of
life« As foon as a man perceives how much the things
he has dlfcarded excel thofe he purfues ; let him re-
turn in time, ahd refume thofe he before relinqui(hed«
It is a truth that every one ought to meaiure him-
ielf by his own proper foot and flandard.

* Indictis Latinis. Phifip eciiUgo im» the country only on the ho^
iidays, TTxy ^»fere calhd indictae or conceptivx, ixcauje they 'were not
eekbraicd on any ftated days, dies ftatas, hut at the pieajure f^ the
con Jul, They were in/iituted in honmr £/" Jupiter, hi memory of a
peace concluid between Tar^uinius Suferbui, and the peopie of Latium*

EPISTLE

( so8 )
EPISTOLA VIII.

Ad CEtsvM Albikovakum*

Se ne^ue corf^re neque' animo mdUre y Celfa ficundam
fortunam modejie fareudam effe^

CELSO gaudere et^ene rem ^jerere Albinovano^
Muia rogata, refef, comiti fcribsque Nf^ronis ..
Si quzret, quid agam : die, multa et pulchra minaur

tem,
Vivere nee rede, nee fuaviter : baud quia grando .
Contuderit vites, oleamve momorderit aeilus : ^

Nee quia longiaquis armentum segrptet in agris :
Sed quia mente minus validus, quam corpore toto,.
Mil audire velim, nil difcere^ quod levet aegrum;
Fidis offendar medicis^ irafear amicis^
Cur me fuhefto properent arcere veterno y lo*

Quae nocuere fequar ;. fugiam quse profore crcdam »
Romse Tibur amem ventofus,. i iJ)ure Roipafla,
Poft haec, ut valeat ; quo pafto rem geret et fe y
Ut placeat Juveni, percontare, utq^ue cohort i.
Si dicet, re6le ; • primum gaudere, fubinde i ^

f r^eeptum aurieuiis hoc inilillare memento r ^
' Ut tu fortunam^ ii nos te^ CcUey. feremus,.

»

EPISTOLA

( 209 )

EPISTLE VIIL
To Celsus Albinovanvs

T6at be wai neither 'well in My nor in minJ;. thai Cel»
ixxsjbould hear his pr»fperity with moderation.

MY Mufe, at my requeft, give joy, and wifh fuc-
4:efs to Celfus Albinovanus, the attendant and
the fecretary of Nero. If he fhall enquire, what I am
doing; fay, that I, tho* promifing many and fine
things, yet live neither wfeU according to the rules ofJiriH
philofophyy nor agreeably : not becaoie the hail has
crulhed my vines, and the heat has nipped my olives \
nor becaufc my herds are diftempered in remote
paftures: but becaufe, lefs found in my mind thati
in my whole body, I will hearnothihg, learn nothing
that may relieve me, difeaied as 1 am ; that I am dif*'
pleafed with my faithful phyficians, am angry with my
friends^^ for being ii^duurious to roufe me from a fatal
lethargy; that Ipurfue things that have done me hurt;
avoid thpfe things which i am perfuaded would be of
fervice to me^ inconf^ant as the wind,, at Rome I am
in love with Tibur» at Tibur with Rome. After thisi,
enquire how he does ; how he manages his bufinefs
and himfelf ; liow he pleafes the young prince, and
bis attendants. If he ihaU %, well ; fird congratu-
late him, then remember to whifper this admonition
in his eard: Asyou^ Celfus^bear yourfortune^ fo will
we behave to you. ^

• Perhaps thU is the only inftattci whfre cur is to ht undirftwd irt

EPISTLE

( aio )

E P I S T O L A IX.

Ad Claudium Tiberivm Neronem*.

Seftimium ei commen/aU

SEPTIMIUS, Claudi, nimirum intelligit iiaus,
Quanti me facias, nam cum rogat, et prece co£^
Scilicety ut tibi fe laudare, et tradere coner»
DigQum mente domoque kgeutis faonefla NcroniS|
Munere cum fungi propioris cenfet amici ; ^.

Quid poffim videt ac noxit me valdius ipfo.
Multaquidem dixi, cujt excufatus abirem :
Sed timui, mea ne JinxiiSe minora putarer,
Diifimulator opis propriae,. mihi commodus uni*
Sic egOy majoris nigkna opprobria culpae, lo

Frootis ad urban^ defcooodi praemia. quod fi
Depofitum laudasob amici juila pudorem ;
Scribe ttti gregis hunc, ef lortem cfed^bonumque*

E P I S T O L A X.

Ad ARISTIUM F U S G U St

Rujlkam vitam frd uriana Ikudat^ ui nafura magh
confentantam €t magu amicam Uhrtati.

URBIS amatorem Fufcum falvere jubemut
Runs amatores ; hac in re fcilicet una
Multum diffimiles^ (aj at caetera pene gemelli^
Fraternis animn : quidquid negat alter, et alter i
Annuimuspariter : vetuli notique columbi 5

Tuaidum fenras ; ego lauddruris amceni
Rivos^ ct mufco circumlita faxa, nem^ufqucu

(a) AA caBtcra^

Quid' •^^

k.

( 211 )

EPISTLE IX-

To Claudius Tiberxus Ne&o*
He recommendi Septimius to Urn.

OF all the men in the world Septimius furely, O
Claudius^ knows heft the fhare I have tn your
regards. For when he requefts, and by his intreaties
in a manner compels me to undertake to recommend
and introduce him to you» as one worthy of the con-
fidence and the houihold of Nero, who enin- chooies
deferving obje^b, as thinking I difcharge the office of
an intimate friend w/ii(&jr^; he fees and knows better
than myfelf what I can do. Incfeed 1 faid a great deal,
in order that I might come oS excufed : but I was
afraid left I ihould l^ fulpedled to pretend my interefb
v)Hh yeu was left than it is^ f» he 9l difl^mbler of my
own jpower, and ready to iierve myfelf alone. So»
avoidmg the reproach of a greater fault, I have put in
for the prize of town-bred confidence. If now you
4>proTe of modefly's being fiiperfeded at the premng
intreaties of a friend ; enrol this perfon among your
retinue, and believe him to be brave and good.

EPISTLEX.

To^RISTIUS FUSCUS.

,1

Hefraijis a country lefore a cit^ life^ as more agreeoMe
to natttre^ and more friendly /d Ulerty*

WE who love the country ialute Fufcus that loves
the tows ; in this point atone w aro much
unlike, but in other things almoft twins, of brotherly
fentiments : whatever one denies, the other too denies t
we affent tO|ether ; like old and confiant doves, you
keep the neS \ I praife the rivulets, the rocks over-

growA

( 2ia ):

Quid quaeris ; vivo et regno, fimul ifta reliqul
Quae vos ad coelum effertis^ rumore fecundo*
Utqud facerdotis fugitivus, liba recufo ; lO

Pane egeo, jam mellitis potiore placentis.

Vivere naturae fi convcnienter oportet,
Ponendceque domo quaerenda eft area primum ;
Noviftine locum potiorem rure beato r
Eftubi plus tepeant hiemes ? ubi gratior aura ij

Leniat et rabiem Canis,, et momenta Leonis,
Cum femel accepit folem furibundus acuturo ?
(a) Eft, ubi divellat fomnos minus invida cura ?
Deterius Libycis olet aut nitet herbajapillis ?
Purior in vicis aqua tendit rumpere plumbum, ^ *o
Quam quae per pronum trepidet cum murmure rivum?
(h) Nempe inter varias nutritur filya columnas,
lAudaturque domus, longos qux profpicit agros.
Naturum expelles furca ; tamen ulbuc reciirret,
5t luala (c) perrumpet furtin^ Midia vidtrk,. ^%

Non„ qui Sidonk) contendere callidua oftro
Nefcit Aquinatem (d) potaRtia vellera fucunit
Certius accipiet damnum, propiufvc mcduUis,
Quam qui non potcrit vero difti,nguere faifum*
Quem res plus nimio dele6tavere fecundae, j^-

Mutat« quaticht. fi quid mirabere,. pones
Invitus^* fuge n^gna \, licet fub panpere teAo
Reges et regum vit» praecurrere amicos.

Cervus cquum pugna meltOF comwu^ibusJierlM^
Pellebat : donee minor in c6rtamme longo jg

Imploravit opes hominis, frenumque recepit x
(e) Sed poftquam vi6tor vi6to dlfceffit ab hofte,.
Non equkem dorfo, non frenum depulit ore.
Sic qui pauperiezn vcjritus, potiore metalKs
Libcrtatc caret ; domiautti vehit iniprobus,. atquc 4&
. • ■ • • . ' • • ' • -J.

(a) jpft ubi depeUit fomaos. (h) Nt^my e iatcr Pans|s.
(c) Pcrnitnpet fiirtim faftigia. (d) Potantia vcUcia fuccum*
(t) Scd poftquam victor violens.
Scd poft<juaia violens victo. BcntL

Servek

( ai3 )

^own with mofs, and thegroves of thexlelightfulcoun-
tiy. Do you a(k why ? I live and reiga,- as foon as I
have quitted thofe things which you extol to the ikies
with joyful applaufe. An<i, like .a priefl's fugitive
flave, I rejed lufciouB wafers ; I defire plain bread,
which is itiore agreeable to me- now than honied cakes.

If we xnvkA live fuitably to nature, and a plot 0/
ground is to be ^rOi fought for, to raife a houfe upon ;
do you know any place preferable to the blifsful coun*
try ? Is thei^any fpot where the winters are more tem-
perate ? where amoi^ agreeable breeze moderates the
rage of a dog-ftar, and the feafon of the lion, when
once tJhai furious ,/%« has received the icorching fun ?
Is there afiace Miere envious c^re left difturbs our
(lumbers ? Is the grafs. inferior in fmell or beauty to
the Lybian "pebbles f Is the water, which fy hinjr
forced &x\vt^ to burft thelead in the flreets, purer than
that which trembles in murmurs nati^ridly down its
(loping channel ? Why, trees are nurfed among the
varigate^ colums of the cityi and that houfe is com-
mended which has a prpfpefl: of diflant fields. Drive
out nature fy ^idetke (witha foHc) ; yet flill (he will
return, and, ^^r^;»j«^ infeniibly vi<^orious, will break
through meiCs improper difgufts.

Not he^ w!lo is not (kil^l enough, to compare the
deeces that drink up the dye of Aquinuit), with the
Siddhian purple, und to*£kJUngui/b them ; will receive
a more certain damage, and nearer to hit marrow^
than he whofhall not foe aUe todiftihguifh falfe from
true. He who has been bveijoyed by profperity,> wiJl
be (hocked by a change of things. If you admire any
thing gieatly^ you*ll J^ i^nwilling; to reiign it. Avoid
great things : under a mekn roof one may outftrip
kings^ and the favourites of kings, in a happy life.

The (lag, fuperior in fight, drove the horfe from
the common palhire : till the latter ^jiiU worded in the
- long conteft, implored the aid of a man, and received
the bridle: but after he had parted conqueror from his
conquered enemy, he cou*d not (hake the rider from
his back, nor the bit from his mouth. So he, who
afraid of poverty, forfeits his liberty, vjhicb is more

valuable

( ar4 )

Scrvict atcrnum, (a) qiria panro nefcict iiti.
Cui non conyentet fua res ; ut calcetis olim,
Si pede major erit, iubvertet ; fi minor, uret.
Laetus forte tua (h) vives fapienter, Arifti :
Nee me dimittes hicaftigatumy ubi plura 4^;

Cogere, quam fatis eft, ac non ceflare videbor*
Imperat aut fervit^ collegia petunia cuique,
Tortum digna iequi potius quam ducere funeip.

Haec tibi didabam poft fimum putre Vactmae ;
ExceptOy quod aon umul eiles, caetera la&tus. 5#

EPISTOLA XL

Ad BULLATIUM.

lEx Afia^ qwt heUorum chotUum tadio frrfeSus fuerafj
Rgmam revocare conatus^ monet animi agrifudinem
mm peregrinationihuSy Jed ft Ha animi campojitione
levari*

QUID tSbt vifa Chios, BuIIati, notaque Lelbos ? .
Quid conciona Samos ? quid Croeh regia Sardis ?
dmyrna quid, et Colophon ? majora minorane fama ?
Cun^ne prae Campo et Tiberino fiumine fordent ?
An venit m votum Attalicis ex urbibus una ?
An Lebedum laudasy odio maris atque viarum ?
(c) Sets Lebedus quid (it ; Gabiis defertior atque
Fidenis ricus : tamen iilic vivere vdlem,
Oblitufque roeorum, oblivifcendus et illisi

(a) Q^i panro nefciet uti. (h) Vivas— dimittas*
(c) Scis, Lcbedtti ^vam fit Gabus deferdw.

Neptunum

< "5 )

valuable than mines of tfafurt ; fliall It fi wretched
oi to cany a mailer, and ihall eternally be a ilave,
for not knowing how to u£e a little. When a man*s
condition does not fuit hiiia ; it will be as a ihoe at
any time, which, if too big for his jfoot, will throw
liim down ; if too Kttle, wiU pinch him. Ifyott are
chearful andfatisfied with your lot, Ariftius, you
will live wifely ; nor ihall you let me go uncorreded,
if I appear to fcrape together more than enough, and
not have done. Accumulated money i^ the mafter or
Have of each ^wmer^ deferring rather to follow diaa
to lead the twilled rope.

^efe I di£tated to you behind the mouldering
temple of * Vacuna ; in all other things happy, ex-
cept that you was not with me.

EPISTLE XL

To BULLATIUS.

Sndeavouring^ to recall him iack to 'R.omt from Afia ivhi*
tber be had retreated through his nvearinefs of the civil
wars f' he advijes him to eafe the dif quietude of his
-mindy not fy the length of his Journey^ htU hy forming
bis mind into a right diffofition*

WHAT, Bullatius, do you think of Chios, and
of the celebrated Lefbos ? What of neat Sa*
mos ? What of Sardis, the royal refidence of Croefus?
What of Smyrna, and Colophon ? Are they greater or
lefs than fame fftidtes them f Are they all contemptiUe
in comparifon of the Campus Martins and the river
Tiber ? Does fome one of Attulus's cities enter into
your wi(h ? Or do you admire Lebedus, through a
furfeit of the fea and of travelling. Yor know what
Lebedus is ; it is a more unfreqMented town than Ga«
bit, and Fidense : yet there would I be willing to. live,
and, forgetful of my friends and forgot by them^

* TicGMJsofvacatiomcr of i£enifs.

( 216 )

.liTqitunum ptotul e terra fpe£bare fiirentem* tm

M. nequCy qui Capua Romam petit imbre lutoque '
AdfperjuSy volet in caupona vivere ; nee, qui
JFrigut collegit, fumes et balnea laudat,
Ut fortunatam plene praeftantia vitam :
Nee fi te validus ja6taverit Aufter in alto^ x j

Idciro navem trans ^gasum mare vendas.
Incolumi Rhodos et Mityiene pulchra facit, quod
Paenuia foliftitio, campeftre qivalibus auris, -
Ber brutnam Tiberis, Sc:&tili menfe caminiis.
J^om.licet^ ac vultum.fenrat fortjuna benigaum, id
Romas laudetur Samos, et Chios, ec Rhic^os abfiuiSA
Til, quacncufiqufe Deus tibi fortunaverit honun,
-Grata fume manu ; nee dulcia difier in annum »
Ut, quocunque loco fueris, vixifie libenter
Te dicas. nam fi ratio et prudentia curas, 2 j

Kon locus effufi late maris arbiter, aufert ;
Coelam, non animum mutant qui trans mare currunt;
Strenua nos exercet inertia : navibus atque
Quadrigis petimus bene viverc. quod petis, hie eft,
£& Ulubns ; animus £ te non deficit lequus. 30

IPISTOLA

( ai7 )

vtew from land Neptune raging at a diftance. But
neither he who comes to Rome from Capua, beipat-
tered with, rain and mire, w<tmld live ahvays in an
inn : nor does he who has con traded a cold, ciy up
ftoves and bagnios 9^ cbnnpletety furnifhing t/^ means
^fa happy life : nor if the violent fouth wind has
tofTed you in the deep, will you therefore fell your
fiiip on the other fide of the J£gean fea. On a man
that is found in mindy Rhodes and^the beautiful Mity-
kne have fuch aa el^d, as a thick cloak at the fuan
mer (bldice, thin drawers in fnowy weather, hatbing
in the Tiber, in W4nter, a lire in the month of Auguft.
While you may, and whik fortune preferves a htmaoi
afpedty let abfent Samos, and Chios, and Rhodes,^
commended by .you here at Rome. Whatever prof-
perous F^rovidcnce bellows upon you, receive, it with a
thankful hand ; and defer not the enmmeut of the
comforts of li& till a year is at an end : that, in what-
<<ver place you are, you may fay that you have lived
with fatisfadion. For if reafon and diicretion, not a
place that commands- a profpe<^ of the wide-extended
fea, remove /?ur cares ; they change their climate, not
their difpol^tion, who run beyond the fea j a laborioi^
i^eificacy harraifes us: by fliips and by chariots we
feek to live happily. What you feek is here at bome^
is at Uiu^rae ; if a juft tamper of mind is not want*
ing.

Vol. II. K EPISTLE

( ai8 )
E P I g T O L A XII.

«

Ao I C C I U M.

Homimsparfimoniam dum laudat^ f^ft^^^ dertJeti tradil
- ei Grojphum ; de Romanis rehusfavxa/uljicit.

FRUCTIBUS Agrippae Siculis, quos colligis, Icci,
Si vtdie frueris ; non eft ut copia major
Ab Jove donari poffit tibi. tolle querelas :
Pauper enim non efl, cui rerum fuppetit uius.
Si ventri bene, fi lateri eft, pedibuf<^ue tuis i nil 5
Divtdae poterunt regrdes addere majus.
Si forte in medio pofitorum abftemius, herbis
Vivis, et urtica ; fie vives protinus, ut te
Confeftim liquidus fortunae rims ioauret :
Vel quia naturam mutare pecunia, ne(cit| « jo

Vel quia cun£^a putas una virtute minora.
I^iramur, fi D^mocriti pecus edit agellos
Cultaque, dum peregreeft animus fine corpore T^lox?
Cum tu inter fcabiem tantam et contagia lucri.
Nil parvum fapias, et adhuc fubiimia cures ; 15

Quae mare compefcant caufie ; quid temperet annum ;
Stelis fpontefua, juflbene vegentur et errent ;
Quid premat obfcurum iunae» quid proferat orbem ;
Quid veiit et poffit rerum' concordia difcors ;
(aj £mpedocleSy an Stertinium deliret acumen. 2%

(a) Empedodeum an SccnlDittm. Cum*.

Verum

( . 219 )

I

EPISTLE XII.

(

To 1 C C 1 U.S.

XJnder the appearance ofpraifing the marCs parfimony^ he
archly ridicules it ; introduces Grofphus to himy and
conciudei ivith a Jez\f articles of news concerning the
Roman affairs*

Olccius, if you rightly enjoy the * Sicilian pro*
dufts, which you couedfor Agrippa; it is not
poilible that a greater afHuence can be given you by
Jove hhnfilf. Away with complaints : for that man
is by no means poor, who hath the ufe of every thing
he wantS;. If it is well with your bdly, your back,
and your feet; e*ve% regal wealth can add nothing
greater. If firangely abAemious, amidA profufion,
you live upon faUad and (hell fifii ; you will confe*
quently live in fuch a frugal manner, that prefently
/ortune ihall flow upon you in a river of gold : either
becaufe money cannot change the natural difpofi-
tion, or becaufe it is your opinion that all things^re
inferior to virtue alone. Can we wonder, if other mens
cattle feed upon the meadows and corn-fields of De-
mocritus, while his a£live foul is abroad travelling
without his body ? Since you, a/nidft fuch great im-
purity and infection of profit, have no tafte for any
thing trivial, but fVill mind only things of a fublime
nature ; namely^ What caufes fet bounds to the fea $
what rules the year ; whether the flars fpontaneoufly,
or by direction, wander about, and are erratic ; what
throws obfcurity on the moon, and what brings out
her orb ; what is the intention and power of the jar-
ring harmony of things ; whether Empedocles, or
the hypothens of Stertinius, be in the wrong ?'

• Augwftus had given Agrippa ronjtderabfe pajfefftons in Sic'*y,
as a reward for his having reduced that i/la/td^"""lcc'm was ag<nt
there t9 Affi^2^%

K a How.,

( 220 )

Vcrum, feu pKcies, feu porrura ct caepe trucidas,
•Utere ^ompeio Grofpho ; ct, fi quid.petet, ultro
Defer : nil GrofpTius Dili verum orabit, et aequum.
Vilis amicorum e£t annona, bonis ubi quid deed.

^ • • * ■ • ■ ,

. Ne tamen ignores quo fit Romslna loco res : ig
Cantaber Agrippae, Claudi virtutc Ncronis
Armenius cecidit : jus imperiuinque Fhraates
Casfaris accepit genibus minor, aurea fruges
Italiae pleno diffudit copia cornu.

EP IS TOLA XIII.
AdVINNIUM ASELLAM.

JWtjut uifu»s Auguflo Uhrot Itco tt itetnter offtratt
T profifctftetatem docui te faepe diuque.

u

Augttfto reddes fignata volutnina, VinnJ,
Si validus, fi laetus erit, fi dcnique pcfcct :
^Ne dudio no^ri pecccs, «)diuinqiie tocIUs
Scdulus importcs, opera vehemcnte miniftcr.
'Si te forte meae (a) gravis uret farcrna chartae,
'Ab§icito potius, quam quo preferre juberis
Clttellas ferus impingas,. Afinaeoue patemum
Cognomen vertas in rifum, et tabula fias»

(a) Gravis nrget fjircitta chsbrtx*

Viribus

*

{ 2^1 )

However, ^wheth^r you * rpurder firtics, or onioaj
and garlic k, recti ve Pompeius Grofpby? ; and if he
aiks 2iQy favour, grant it him frankly : Grofphus will
defire npthing but what is. right, and juft. The fruits
of friendfbip aiie ciieapy/when f g<^d men want any,
thing. ^ ,

But that you raay opt be ignorant in whatiituation
the Ron|an afiia^rs. ar^ : the Cantabrians have fallen by
the valour of .Ag;rippa» «V the Armenians by that ql
Claudiuft Nero : 9hiA9^tes has, in the moil AippliarU
manner, admitted the laws and power of Caefar.
Golden plenty has poured out the fruits of Italy from
a full horn.

EPISTLE XilL

1

To V I N N 1 US A S 5 L L A^

Haract cau^&m bimtpfirffinihisfoemsto Aiigufhis at <r
fropir •fp^rtmd^ mud wtk dM def^rum.

A S on your fetting but I freqiiently and fitfly gav*
/\. you inftni6tion8,. Vinniu^, you (hall prefcnt
»efe votumes to Augufhis fe^ed up^ if he fiiall
be in health, if in ^intd, finally^ if he (hall zU, for
them : left you oitend out of zeal for me, and la-
duftrioufly bring an odium upon my books hy beinf
an agent oJF yiolent ofiicioufnels. If haply the heavy
load of my p?per (hould gall you ; caft it. from yoii^
rather than throw 4own your pack in a rough manner,
where ^ou are directed to carry it, and* turn your
paternal name of :|: Alina into a jefl:, and make your-
ielf a common flory. Make life of your vigour over

♦ Murder, in the ridicuh cftbe dfklrine ^Pythagoras, nuko held that
the fouls of the hitman kind pajfedjuccejftvdy into the bodies ofmen^ ant"
nuns, and plants-

f Becaufe they are ahuays mode/if and reafonabk in their demands,
J Horace puns upon the word Aiina, which befides being a proper
name, Jignifies an afs. Many Roman Jirnames were derived from
Aiinas. The family rf Annii, had that of AiclU j the Clauaian,
Afellus ; the Sempronian, Afeilio, ^e^

K 3. the

( 222 ) ,

Viribus uteris per clivos, flumina, lamas* lo

Vi^or propofiti fimul ac perveneris illuc.

Sic pontum fervabis onus ; ne forte Tub ala

JFafciculuin portes librorum, ut rufticus agnum ,

(a) Ut vinofa glomos furtivae Fyrrhht Lanae,

Ut cum pileolo foleas conviva tribulU* i^

Ne viilgo narres te fudavifTe ferendo

Carmiaa, quae poflint oculos aurefque morari

Caefaris. oratus multa prece, nitere. porro

Vade, vale : cave ne titubes, mandataque frangas.

E P I S T O L A XIV.

Ad VILLICUM SUUM.

lEjus letuitatem coarguit^ rufiicam vitam^ fuam a^tam^
rat^faftidietais^ et urbana defiJerio itJtuantU^

VILLICE iilvarum et mihi me reddentit ageili^
Q^em tu failidis, habitatum quinque foch, el
Quinque bonos folitum Variam dimittere ratres ;
Certemus, fpinasanimone ego fortius, an tu
Evellas agro ; et melior (h) fit Horatius, an ret. j

, IVie quamM^& Lamiae pietas et cura moretur
Fratrem motrentis, rapto de fratre dolentis
Infolabiliter; tamen iftuc mens aiximufque
(cj Fert, et amat fpatiis obf^antia rumpere clauftra,
Rure ego viventem, tu dicis in urbe beatum. xp

Cui placet alterius, fua nimirum eft odio fors.
Stultus uterque locum immeritum caufatur inique ;
In culpa eft animus, qui fe non eftugit unquam. /

(a) Ut vinofa globos. (h) Sit HonttiuS| an his, Utmf.

(c) Feic et av^ ipatiisy BtntL

Tu

(' 5^3 )

the hills, the rivers, and the fens. As foon as yon
have got the better of your enterprize, and you ar-
rive there, you muft keep your burden in this poiition ;
left you happen to cariy my bundle of books under
your arm, as a clown does a lamb, or as drunken ^
Pyrrhia in the tlay dots the balls of pilfer'd wool, or at
a f tribe guetc carries his flippers with his fuddling-
cap. You muft not tell publickly how you fweated
with carrying thofc verfcs, which may detain the eyes
and ears of Caefar. Solicited with much ip treaty, do
yourbeft. Finally, get you gone, farewel: take care
you do not ftuuible, and break my orders (forf/ttyour
errand.J

EPISTLE XIV.
To HIS S T E W A R !)•

He ufh-aids his leviQf fir coniemning a country' lifij
nvbicb ^ad been bis cb&ice^ and being eager to return to
Rome.

STE WA R D of my woodlands and little farm,
that reftores me to myfelf, which you defpife, tbV
formerly inhabited by five families, and wont to fend
five good fcnators to Varia ; let us try, whether I with
more fortitude pluck the -thorns out of my mind, or
you out of my ground ; and whether Horace, or his
cftate, be in a better condition.

Though my affection and folicitude for Lamia,
mourning for his brother, lanoenting inconfolably for
his brother's lofs, detain me ; neverthelefs my heart
and foul carry me thither, and long to break through
*thofe barriers, that obftru<5t wy way. I pronounce him
the happy man, who dwells m the country; you him
Wi&o U*Des in the city. He, to whom his neighbour's
lot is agreeable, muft of confequence diflike his own.
Each of us is a foolyj^r unjuftly blaming the innocent
place. The mind is in nult, which never efcapes

• AtUi^ng to a paffage in a corned/ of Titinios'j.
f Athenaeus fays, Membtrs of the fame trihe bad entertainme/its
talicd coenx thi^i^, wanl-feaftSf as thty might new h Urmed,

K 4^ fronv

( 224 ) - '

Tu noedlaftinus tacita* prece rura petebas t. . ^

Nunc urbem, et ludos, et baloea villicus optas. i j
Me conilare mihi ibis, et difcedere trif!em,
Quandocunque trahunt invifa negotia Romain.
Mon eadem niirarnur : eo difconvenit inter
^eque et te. nam quae deferta et inhofpita tefqua
Credis, amoena vocat, mecum qui fentit ; et odit 20
Quae tu pulchra putas. fornix tibi et un6ta popina
Incutiunt urbis deiiderlum, video ; et quoa
Angulus ifie feret piper et thus ocius uva ;
Net vicina fubeftvinum praebere ta"berna
Qu:e poifit tibi ; nee meretrix tibicina, cujus 2^
Ad (Irepitum falias terrae gravis : et tamen urges
Jampridem non tada ligonibus arva, bovemque
Disjun£tum curas, et {lri£lis frondibus exples.
Addit opus pigro rivus, fi decidit imber,
Multa nioie docendus aprico parcere prato. . 30

Nunc, age, quid noftrutn concenttim dividat, audi.
Quern tenues decuere togae nitidique capilli,
Quern fcis immunem Cynarae placuiiTe rapaci,
Quern bibulam liquid! ('aj media de tace Falerm r
Caena brevis juvat, et prope rivum fomnus in herba :
Nee luiiile pudet, fed non incidere ludum. 36

Non iflic oblique ocuio mea commoda quifquam

(aj Media de node.

LioMty

( 225 )

from itfdf. When you wa« a- drudge ati tvtij one'a
beck, you tacitly prayed for the country : now you
are afpointed my il^ward, you wifli for the city, the
ihew&i and the jM^^'c' baths. j?u^ you know I am con-
iiftei^t with piyielf, and loth to go, whenever difagree-
able bulinefs drags me to Rome. We are not ad-
mirers pf the fame things : hence // /Vthalyouand I
difagree. For. what you reckon defart and inhofpitable
wilds, he, who is of my way of thinking, calls de-
lightftil places ; and diflike^ what you eftcem pleafant.
The bawdy-houfes, I perceive, and greafy taverns,
raife your inclination . wr the city j and this^ bccaufe
my little fpot will fooner yield frankincenfe and pep-
per, than grapes ; nor is there a tavern near, which
can fupply you with wine ; nor a roindrel harlot, to
whofe.thrumiming you may dance cumberfome to the
ground : ahd^et, * itftems, you exercife with plotigh-
ihares the fallows that have been a long while un-
touched, you take due care of the ox when unyoked,
and give him his fill with leaves ftript yr^/» the houghs.
The f fluices to9 give an additional trouble tofucb an
idle fellow^ which^ if a (hower fall, mufk be taught
by many a ipound to fpare the funny meadow.

Come now, attend to what hinders our agreement.
Jf/, whom formerfy fine garments and drefled locks
adorned, whom you know to have pleafed venal Cy-
nara without a prefent, whom, you ha*ve feen quaff
flowing Falernian from noon to miduight ; a fiiort liip-
per now del^hts, and a nap upon the green turf by
the fb^am fide : nor is it a fliame to have been gay,
but not to break off that gaiety. J There no eye, with
envious cafl, || affe6b my pofleffions, itor poifons them

* Horace yZryj this irontcaUyy foy ^is Jiewar(Vs head was f0 Liken.
up with the thoughts of Komc, that he neglcSedhis country biijincjs,

+ Sluices cut for luatninz the grouna^ as, Claudite jam rivos,
pueri : fat prata biberunt . Vir o .

I ^t his S^hrnc farm,

II Limis

11 LimIs ocults aijpicere aliquem, to look a(kew, or afkance; hut
the Latins never ufd limare in that fnje. The fcholaji explains the
word limat by deterit, imminuit. It was a fupe^'Jiitton amonfji the
ancients that' an envious, or malicious eye could affeS what it looked
upon \ as, Nefcio quis tenores oculus mlhi fafcinat agnos . Vxita.
&ome eye or other fafcinates my tender lambkins*

K 5 . with

( 226 )

Limat, non odio obfcuro'morfuque venenat t
Rident vicini, glebas et faxa moventem.
Cum fervis urbana diarist rodere mavis : 40

Horum tu in numenim voto ruis. invidet ufum
Lignonim et pecoris tibi calo argutus; et horti.
Optat ephippia bos piger ; optat arare caballus.
Quam icit uterque, libens, cenfebo, exerceat artem.

EPISTOLA XV.

Ad C. NUMONIUM VALAM.

Vcliam aut Salernum ad iabteas profeBurw^ dt locorum
faluhritate ac deUciis quarit.

Q\5M fit hiems Veliae, quodccehim, Vala^ Salerni,
^Quorum bominum regio, et quaiis via : (aam
mihi Baias
Mufa fupervacuas Aatonius : et tamen iilit
Me facit invifum, gelida cum perluor unda
Per medium frigus. fane myrteta relinqui^ 5

Didaque ceiTantem nervis eiidere morbum
Sulfura contemni, vicus fiemit ; invidus segris,
Qui caput et ftomachum lupponere fontibus audent
Ciufinis, Gabiofquie petunt, et frigida rura.
Mutandus locus efi, et diverforia nota 10

Pr«teragendus equus. Quo tendis ? non mihi Cuma ::
£{l iter, aut Baias, beva ftomacbofus habena

Dfcer

, ( «7 )

with obfcure malice, and biting flander ; the neigli-
bours fnrile at me removing clods and ftones. You
Jbad rather be munching your daily allowance with the
ilaves in town ; you ardently wiih to be of the num*
bcr of thefe. ^ While my cunning feot-boy envies yon
the ufe of the firing, the flocks, and the garden.
The lazy ox wiihes for the horfe's trappings : the
horie wiOies to go to plough. But I (hall be of opi-
nion, that each of them ought contentedly to exercife
that art which he underflands..

EPISTLE Xy.

V

To C. N U M O N I U S V A L A.

Preparing to go to the laths either at Velia or Salemum^
he enquires after the heaUhfulnefs and agrnahienefs of
' the places.

♦^'TT^IS yow part^ iwj^.Vala, to wnte tome, and
X mine ta give, credit to your information,
what I'ort of a winter it generally is at Velia, wh^t the
air at Saiernum, what kind of inhabitants the countiy
confifts of, and how the voad is ? (for f Antoniut
Mufa pronounce} Baias to be of no fervice to me ; yet
makes me obnoxious to the place, when I am bathed>
in cokl .water ev'n in the midd of the frofl by his pro*
feription^ In truth,, the village murmurs to fee the
myrtle groves deierted, and the fulphureous waters,,
iaid to expel lingering diforders from the nerves, def*
pifed ; envying thofe invalids, who have the/courag^
to expofe their head and bread to the Clufian fprings,.
and retire to Gabii, znd fmch cold countries. My
courfe therefore muft be altered,, and my horfe driven^
beyond his aceuftomed flages. Whither' are you go-
lag ? will the angry rider fayj pulling in the left-hand
rein» I am not for Ctimse^ or Baiae : but the horfe's

* The natural conJlruSwn h the wif^ruil does not begin tlU line fift
-F PhjJUian ^9 Auguttusy vthQ isjkid to U the firji that ever pre^
.JMfd the ufe of cold boshing »

K 6 car

( 228 )

Dicet eqoes : (a) fed et^uis frenato eft auris ia ore.)
Major utrum populum trumenti copia pafcat ;
ColleftofDe bibant imbrbs, puteolhe pereaoes i^

JDulcis aquae : (nam vina nihil moror illius orae :
Kure meo poilum quidvis preferre patique ;
Ad mare cum veni, generofum et lene requiro^
Quod curaa abigat, quod cum fpe divite manet
In venas animumque meum, quod verba mintilret, 20
Quod roe Lucaaae juyenem commendet amicae.)
Tragus uter plul^s lepores, uter educet apros :
Utra magis pii'ces et echinos aequora celent,
Pinguis ut inde domum poffim Phaeaxque reverti ; •
Scribere te nobis, tibi nets accredere, par eii. z%

Mstniut ut, rebus maternts atque paternia
Fortiter abfumtis, urbanus coepit haberi :
Scurf a vagus, non qui certum praefepe teneret ;
Impranfus iion q«i civem dignoiceret hofte ;
Quselibet in quemvis opprobria fingere fsevus ; 30
Pernicies, et temperas, barathrumque macelli ;

Suidquid'quaeiierat, ventri donabat avarp.
ic, nubi nequitiae fautoribus et timid^ ml ...
Aut pauium abftulerat, patinas ccenabat omafi / '
Vilis, et agninae : tribus urfis quod (atisefiet : 35
Scilicet ut ventres lamna candente nepotum
Diceret urendos /^3^ corre^his Beftius. idem,
(cj Si quid erat na^us praede majoris, ubi omne
Verterat in ftimum et cinerem ; Non bercule miror^
Aiebat, fi qui comedunt bona : cum fit obefo 40

(a) Se^ equi frenato eft auris id orc« (h) Conre^lor Beftius. Jnt/.

(c) Qttidquid erat na Aus. J

Nil

m •

( a29 )

* ear is in the bit.) ^ou mujt inform me Ukewife which
of the two people is fupported by the greatefl abun«
dance of corn : whether they drink rain-water col-
led^ed /» refemwirs^ or from perennial wells of fweet
element ? for as to the wine of that part I give my^
felf no trouble tQ tn^uirt : at my country feat I can
difpenfe and bear with ^ny thing : but when I\e ar-
rived at a fea-port, I infifl: upon that which is gene-
rous and mellow, fuch as may' drive aWay my cares^
fuch as may flow into my veins and animal fpirits with
a large portion of hope, fudi as may fupply me with
words, fuch as may make me appear young in the eyes
of my Lucanian miftrefs.) Which tra^t of land pro-
duces moft hares, which mqft boars ; which feas har-
bour the mofl fiihes and fea- urchins, that I may be
able to return home from thence in good cafe, and
like a luxurious Phaecian.

When Msenius, having manfully made away with
his paternal and maternal eflates, began to be account-
ed a meriy fellow : a vagabond droll, who had no
certain place of living ; who, when dinnerlefs, could
not diflingui{h a fellow-citizen from an enemy ; un«
merciful in forging any fcandal againfl any perfon ;
the peft, and hurricane,^ and gulf of the market \
whatever he cou'd ^x^ he gave to his greedy gut.
This fellow, when he had extorted little or nothing
from the favourers of his iniquity, or thofe that dread-
ed it, would eat up ivbale diHies of coarfe harilet and
lamb's entrails : as much as wou'd have fuificed three
bears : Then truly. Hie reformer f Beflius, would he
fay, that the bellies of extravagant fellows ought to
be branded with a red-hot iron. * The fame man,
however J when he had reduced to fmoak and afhes
whatever more confiderable booty he had got ; Faith,
faid he, I do not wonder if there are fuch perfons, as
eat up their eflates : fince nothing certainly is bettef

♦ Equis tnjiead of equi h ^tht bejl MSS. and editions.— Tr ancis*
+ Cornelius Beftius, mentioned as a per/on of great au/ierity by
Feriius.

Tune bona incolumis minoas ? £il BeiHos target

poAores Graios. Fei . Sat. ti.

than

I

V

( 230 )

Nil melius tnrdo^ nil vulva pulchrxus ampb.
Nimirum hie ego fum : aam tuta et parvula laudo.
Cum res deficiunt, fatis inter vilia fbrtts :
Verum, ubi quid melius contingit et und^ius ; idem
Vos fapere, et folos aio bene vivere, quorum 4$

Confpicitur nitidis fundatapecunia villis*.

E P I S T O L A XVI.
Ad QUINTIUM.

Vtllafuaformam^fitum^ commoda $^intio defcrihit : turn
TtHe fa^orutn canfcientia frohitaUm^ fnibltaU liberta"
tern confiare admonet^

T^TE perconteris, fundus meus, op time Quint i,
r^ Arvo pafcat henim, an baccis opputentet olivse,
Fomifne, ati pratis^ an ami£la vttibus ulmo ;
Seribetur tibi forma loquaciter et fitus agru

Gontkiui montes, ni diffocientur opaca- f

"Vallc r fed utveniens dextrum latus afpiciat Sol,
^tf^Lacvum decedens curru fugienre vaporet.
Temperiem hudes. quid ^ fhj fi rubicunda benijg;ni
Corna vepres et pruna ferant ? (i quercus, et ilex
Muita fruge pecus, multa dominura juvet umbra ? !•>
Dicas addudum propius frondere TareRtum,
Fons etiam rivo dare pomen idoneus lit nee
Frigidior Thracam nee purior ambiat Hebrus,

(a) L«vuA defcendeBS* (h) Si ribicuad* bcnigne.

Infirni^

( 231 )

than a fat thrufh^ nothing finer than a large * fow^d
paunch. In fa6^y 1 am juft fuch another m^elf : for,
when matters are a little deficient, I commend the
fiiug and homely fare, of fufficient refolution amidft.
mean provifions ; but if any thiiig offered better and
more delicate ; I, the £une individual /^//ly^y^r, cry
out, that ve are wife, and alone live well, whofe
wealth and c£kate is confpicuous from the elegance ot^
their villas.

EPISTLE XVL
To QUINTIUS.

Hi defcrihes to Quintius the fornty JihiatioUy aJvait*
tages of bis country houfos then declares that pro*
hity confifis in thi confcioujnefs of good works^ Jiiertjf
in frobi^.

ASK me not, my beft Quintius, whether my
farm maintains its mailer with corn-fields, or
enriches him with oUves, or with fruits, or meadow-
land, or the elm-tree cloath'd with vines ; the fliape
and fituation of my ground (hall be defcnbed to yoq
at large.

There are a continued range of mountains, except
tvhere they are feparated by a fhadowy vale : but in
fuch a manner J that the approaching fun views it on
the rieht fide, and, tieparting in his flying car, warms
the left. You wou*d commend its temperature. What
think yout If my *»ery briars produce in abundance the
ruddy cornels and damfons ? If my oak and holm-
trees accomtpodate n^ cattle with plenty of acorns,
and their mailer with a copious (hade } You wou^l
fay that f Tarentum, brought nearer to Rom.^^ (hone
in aU its verdant beauty. A fountain too deferving to
give name to a river, inibmuch that Hebrus does not

* This was eJUemed a Jainty amnngfi the Romans.
+ A very pkafani citii Jrepient^ cekbrakd by Horace, vid^ Ode
ixviii. lib, l\ Odev'u lib. z* Ode ^. lib, 3.

furround

( ^3« )

Xnfirtno capili fa) fluit utilis, utilis alvo*

H« latebrae dulces, edam {^\ credis) amoona?, 25

Incoluiiiem tibi me prsfhuitSeptembribus horis.

Tu re&e vivis, fi curas cfle quod audis.
Ja^tamus jampridem omnis te Koroa beatum :
Sed vereor, ne cui de tc plus quam Hbi credas \
Neve putes alium fapiente bonoque beatum ; 20

Neu," fi.te populus fanum re6teque valentem .
Di6btet, occuhum febrem fub tempus edendi
Diflimules, donee manibus tremor incidat un6lls.
Stultorum incurata pudor malus ulcera celat.
Si quis bella tibi terra pugiiata marique 2 5

Dicat, et his verbis vacuas permulceat aures :
Tenemagis falvum populus velit, an populum tu,'
Servet in ambiguo, qui confulit et tibi et Urbi,
Jupiter ; Augufti laudes agnofcere pofRs :
Gum patens fapiens emendatufque vocari ; ^o

Refpondefne tuo, die fodes, nomine ? nempe
Vir bonus et prudens dici dek£^or ego, ae tu.
Qui dcdit hoc hodie, eras, fi volet, auferet; ut (i
Detulerit fafces indigno^detrahet idem :
pone ; meum eft, inquit : pono, trifiiique recedo* 3 J
Idem (i clamet furem, negat eCTe pudicum,
Contendat laqueo collum preflilie paternum ;
Mordear opprobriis falfis, mutemque colores ?
Falfus honor juvat, et mendax infamia terret
(h) Quern. niA mendofum et medicandum \ vir bo^
nus eft quis ? 4P

Qui conTulta Fatrum, qui leges juraque feivat ;

(a) Flult aptus et utilis alvo. > %

(b) QuczD, niii roeixdofutn et meodacemf \

Quo

( 233 )

furround Thrace more, cool or xnorelimfad, flows fa^
lubrious to the iniinn head, fahibrious to the bowels,
Thefc fwcct,, yea (if you'll credit me) thefe delight-*
ful retreat^,, preferve me to you in a ftate of healtii
even in thtjkkly hours of September.

You liv^ exceeding well, if you take care * to fup*
port the chara6ter yoii bear. Long ago all Rome has
proclaimed you happy : but I am appreheafive, left
you fhou'd give more credit concerning yourfelf to
any one than yourfelf ; and left you (hould imagine a
man may he happy tho^ . differing from the wife and
good ; or, becaufe the people pronounces you found
and perfedly well, \^^ you diilemble the lurking
fever at meal times, until a trembling feize your
greafed hands. The falfe .modelly of fools will con*
.ceal ulcers, rather than. have them cured. If anyone
ihould mention battles which you haci foiagbt by land
and fea, and in fuch- exptefiions as thefe ihould footl|
your liilening ears \ ** May Jupiter, who confults the.
'* fafety both of you and the city, Unz keep it ia
*< doubt, whether the people be snore, folicitous for
** your welfare, or you for the people's ;." You might
perceive thefe encomiams to belong on^ to Augufiuss
when you fuffer yourfelf to be tcrm'd a philotopber,
and one of an accomplifhed life ; fay, piuthee, would
you anfwer to tbefe appellaiUns in your own name )
To be fur^-^ like to he called a wife and good mao,
as well as you. He, who gave this charader to-day^
if he wiU, can take it away to-morrow : as the fame
people,*if they have conferred the confulihip oa.aq
unworthy perfon, may likewife take it away from him :
refign it ; for it is ours, they cry : 1 do refign it ac*
cordingly, and chagrined withdraw. Thus if they
ihould call me rogue, deny m^ to be temperate, aflert
that I had flrangled my own father with a halter:
ihall I be fhing, and change colour at the falfe re-
proaches ? Whom does falfe honour delight, or lying
calumny terrify, except the vicious and fickly minded?-
Who then is good ? He who obferves the decrees of

• LiffraUyf to be vihotyou ore uporteU

the

( a34 y

Quo multae magnaeque fecantur judice lite»j
faj Quo res fponfore, et quo caulae tefte tenentur.
&cd videt faunc omnis domus et vicinia tota^
lotrorfum turpem, fpeciofum pelle decora. 4 j

Nee furtum feci, nee fugi, fi mihi dicat
Servus : Habes precium ; loris non ureris, aior
Non hominem occidi : Non pafces in cruce corvo$*
Sum bonus, et fhigi : fij Renuit negat atque SabeUus*
Cautus enini metuit foveam lupus, accipiterque 50
Sufpedlos laqueos, et opertum miluus hamum*
Oderunt peccare boni, virtutis amore ; «>^

Tu nihil admittes in te, formidine poense,
Sitipcs fallendi, mifcebis facra profanis.
Nam de mille fabse modiis cum iiirripis unum ; '5 j
Damnum elt^ non (acinus, mihi pa6lo lenius ifto.
Vir bonus, omne forum quern fpe^tat, et omne tribu-.

nal,
Qliandocunque Deos vel porco vel bove placat :
Jane pater, clare, clare cum dixit, Apolio;
Labra movet metuens audiri : Pulchra Laverna, 60
Da mihi fallere ; fcj da jufto fan£^oque videri :
No6liern peccatis, et fraudibus objicenubem.
Q^i meiior feiVo, qui liberior fit avarus,
In triviis fixum cum (e demittit ob aflem,
Non video, nam qui cupiet, metuet quoque : porro 6^
Qui metuens vivet, liber mihi non crit unquam.
Perdidit arma, locum virtutis deferuit, qui
8empei^ augenda feftinat et obruitur re.
Vendere turn poiiis captivum, occidere noli :
Serviet utiliter ; fine pafcat durus aretque ; 70

fa) Quo rdponfrie. fh) Renuit ncgiUtquci SabellsH

(ej lb joftumfwdumquevideri.

t
■»■•

•j Naviget,

( ns )

the fen^te, who oi/erves the lawslipd rules of jufiice;
by whofe arbitration many and important difputes are
decilled ; by whofe furety private property, and by
whofe teftimony caufes are obtained. Yet ferba/>s his
own family and all the neighbourhood fee this man,
however fpdcious in a fair outfide to be polluted with-
in. If a Have (hould fay to me, I have not commit-
ted a robbery, nor ran away ; you have your reward ;
3rou are not galled with the lafh, i fay. I have not
killed any man : — ^'g^iy Wi2— — you fhall not there"
fore feed the carrion-crows on the crofs. I am hov>-

ever a good man and blamelefs : Your Sabine

friend denies and contradi6l8 the fa SI. For the wary
^ wolf dreads the pitfall, and the hawk the fufpe^ed
fnares, and the kite the concealed hook. The good^
on the c6ntrary^ hate to fin from their love of virtue ;
you will ' commit no crime merely for the fear of pu-
nifhment. Let there be a profpe6i of efcaping, you
will confound facred and pro&ne things together. For
when from a thoufand bufhels of beans you filch one ;
the lofs in that cafe to me is lefs, but not your villainy.
Tour honeftman, whom every forum, and every court
of juflicfc looks upon with reverence, whenever he
makes an atonement to the Gods with the offering of^
iwine or an o3t : After he has pronounced in a clear
diftingui(hable voice, O father Janus, O Apollo ; he
then moves his lips, as one afraid of being heard :
•* Oiair Laverna, put it in my power to deceive
*' mankind I grant me the appearances of a juft and
•* upright man : throw a cloud of night over my
•* fraudulent pradtices." In truths I do not fee how a
covetous man can be better, or how more free than a
flave, when he floops down for the fake of a farthing,
fluck in the vo^Aforffort. For he that will be covet-
ous, will alfo be anxious : but he that lives in a ftate
of anxietv, (hall never in my eflimation be free. He,
who is always in a hurry to be weakfy^ and immerfed
in the Jiudy of augmenting his fortune, has loft the
arms ofreafon^ and deferted the pofl of virtue. — How^
ever^ do not kill your captive, if you can fell him :
he will ferve you advantageotiily : let him, oi he is

inured

' e »3^ )

Naviget, ac nifidits, hiem^t morcator in undis ;
Aanonas profit, portet fruoifinta. penu^^
Vir bonus et fapiens audcbit dicere^ Pentbeu
Re£tor Thebarum, quid me preferre patique
Indignum coges ? Adimam bona : Nempe pecus, rem,
Le6to&y argentum ; tollas licet. la manicis et 76
Compedibus fxvo te fub cuilode teaebo«,
Ipfe Deus, iimiil atque volana, me Toivet. Opinor
Hoc fentit; Qioriar. mors ultima Unearerum eft*

EPISTOLA XVII.
Ad S C MV a M.

•

ABuBfam fuit^un inerti, ac privatt^ antep^nendam^ lau*
. iLritle iji principum grotiam demenri^ earum tamcn
UheraUtatem caute ac pwknter fffi foUciiaf^tkm^

QUAMVIS, Scaeva, fatis per te tibi confiiiis, et

Quo tandem pafto deceat majoribus uti j
DIfce, docenaus adhuc ouae cenfet amiculus : ut fi
Caecus iter monftrare vetit : tamen afpice,^ ^ .quid
£t Qos, quod cures propoum fecillb, loquamur, ^

Si te grata quies et primam fomnus in horam
DeleiSfet : fi te pulvis, ftrepitufg[ue rotarum.
Si laedet caupona j Ferentinum ire jubebo.
]^^am neque divitibus contingunt gaudia folijs :

Ncc

( ^37 )

inured to drudgery, fetdjaur cattie^ and plow; Irt
him go to fea, and winter in the midft of the waves i
let him be of ufe to the market, and import corn and
aber proviiions. A good and wife man, like' Bacchus
m the * play^ Will have courage to fay : ** PcntheuSf
king of Thebes, what mdignities will you compel
me to fufier and endure ? I will take away your
goods : my cattle, 1 fuppofe, my land, my move*
ables, my money : you may take them : VVL con-
fine you with hand-scuffs and fetters under a merct*
«* lefs goaler. A deity himfelf will difcharge mc,
•* whenever I pleafe." In my opinion, this is his
meaning ; I will die. Death is the ultimate boun*
dary of human matters.

EPISTLE XVII.

To S C ^ V A.

T!T)at a Iffe tfhtijmtfs.is preferable to a frifoaH and iM"
aHive one ; Ae friendjblp of great men. is a lauilabie
acquifitioft^ yet * their fanmirs art ever to ie folkited
nvith modejly and catuiott*

THOUGH, Scaeva, you have fufficient pru-
dence of your own, and well know how to de-
mean yourfelf towards your fuperiors ; yet hear what
are the fentiments of your old chrony, who himfelf
ilill requires more teaching ; juft as if a blind man
IhouM undertake to (hew the wajr : however fee, if
even lean advance any thing, which you may^ think
worth your while to adopt as your own.

If indulgent reft, ana fleep till feven o'clock, de-
light you : if duft, and the run&bling of wheels, if
the noife of the tavern offend you ; I fhall order you
off for f Farentinum. For Joys are not the property of

v.* life Bacchis o^ Euripides, in which Bacchtis, tho* .hound in
chains iy Peotheus, is introducedacco/Hng him in this refUute memnerm
f A4own in New Latiam ofUttU conjk^ncciondfifar retirement*

the

( 238 )

Nec vixit male, qui natii9 morienfque fefcllit. i#
Si proddfe tuis, pauloque benignius ipfum
Te tra^re voles ; accedes ficcus ad undum*
Si pranderet olus patienter, regibus iiti
Nollet Ariflippus. Si fchret regibus uti,
Paftidiret olus, qui roe notat. Utrius horum 7 j

Yerba probes et ta^a, dbce : vel junior, audi
Cur fit Ariftippi '^potior fententia: namque
Mordacem Cynicum (Ic eludebat, ut aiunt :
Scurror ego ipfe mihij populp tu« redtius hoc et
Splendidius multo eft : equus ut roe portet, alat rex, 20
Officiuro facio : (a) tu pofcis vilia reruro,
Pante roinor ; quamvis fers tu nuUius egentem*
Omnis Ariftippum, decuit color, et ftatus, et res, '
Tentantero majora fere,- praefeutibus aequum :
Contra, quem d^plici panno patientia velat, 25

Miraboi-, vitse via fi converfa decebit. -
Alter piirpureum non expe£hibit amidhiro ;
Quidlibet indutus celeberriroa per loca yadet,
Perfonaroque fexet non inconannus utramque ;
Alter Mileti textaro cane pejus et angue ^

Vitabitchlamydem; roorietur frigore, fi non
Rettuleris pannuro ; refer, et fine vivat ineptus.
Res gerere, et captos of^endere civibus hoftes^
Attingit folium Jovis, et coeleftia tentac

(a) Tu poicis villa \ Temm et* ,

Frincipibttft

( a39 >

the rich alone : nor has he lived ill, who at his birth
and at .his d^ath has * paffed unnoticed. If you are
difpofed to :be of fervice to your frienxisy and ai tht
fame time treat yourfdf with fomewhat more indul*
gence ; ^ou muft f pay your refpeds to the great. If
he could dine to his fatisfaiEtion on herbs, Ariilippus
' would never frequent the taijes of the great. If he
who blames me (repUes Aftriffus) knew how to live
with the great, he would fcorn his vegetables. Tell
me, which maum and conduct of the two you ap«
prove : or fince you are my junior, hear the reafon
why Aibippus's opinion is preferable : for thus, a|
. they report, he baffled the marling cynic; I play the
buffoon for my own advantage, you u pUe^e the po-
pulace. This proceeding ef mine is rigliter an<i far
, more honourable : that a horfe may carry, and a great
man feed me. I do hut niy duty : you beg for refuie^
an inferior to the poor giver ; tho' you pretend you
are in want of nothing. As for Ariilippus, every
complexion of life, every flation, and circumftance
iat gracefully upon him, % afpiring in general to
greater thines, yet bquai to the prefent : on the other
hand, I flialTbe much furprifed, if a.contrary way of
life ihould become this cynic^ whom obstinacy doaths
with a double rag. The one will not wait for hia
purple robe ; but howfbever drefled will go through
the molt frequented places, and will, without auk-
^ wardnefs, fupport either chara6ler; the other will
ihun the cloak wrought at |t Miletus with greater aver-
fidn than the hite of dog or viper ; he will die with
cold, unlefs you reflore him his ragged garment: re«
(Ipre it then, and let him live like a fool as he is. To
perform great exploits, and fhew the citizens their'
roes' in chains, reaches the throne of Jupiter, and

* Fefellit, the original, is eminentfy hautifiii, and mght bt re*-
, iered — has cTcaped the obfervstion of mankind.

+ JLiufallj, inytmr hungry mood you muft go to the ejfenced v»*
bktnan.

X Tentantem majors fere, prsfentibas acquum.
&0 the Latin imift ke poinnd,

] Famous for the exceUency of its wool*

afpires

14

( »40 )

Principibiis placuifle viris, jooa ultinia:Uit8 eft. 5 j
Noa cuivis homiat contiagit adire Cormlhum*
Sedit, qui timuitne noo fuccedetiet : efto:
Quid • ? qui pervenit, fiedtne virititer ? sttqui
Hie e&f aut nulquam, quod quaBrimii8«.hic onusfaor*

ret,
Ut parvtts animis, et parvo corpoee majus ; 40

Hie fubit, et perfert. aut virtus noaiea inane jefi,
Aut docus etpreeiiimTede petit experiens yir«

^d(^ Coram regefua depxupert ate taoentes^ •
Plugpofcenteferent.diikt, fumafnepiidentery
An rapias. ;atqui rerutn capiithocepat, hie fons. 4 J
Indotata mihi foror eft, paupercula mater,
'£€ fundus nee vendibilb, nee pafcere firmus,
Qui dicit ; cianaat, Vi£)tum date : fuccinit alter,
£t mihi dividuo iindetxir munere quadra. .
Sed tacitus .pafci fi poi&t corvus, nafaeret t^o

Tius dapisr, C^J et nxat minus et minus, invidiasque..

• * • * ^ >i : \ I

m

Brundiiium comes, aut Surrentum du^s amoenum.
Qui quefitur fatebra?, et acerbum frigus, et imbres,
Aut ciftam effra6^am, et ftibdu6hi viatica plorat ;
Nota refert meretrieis acumina^ fsepe cat^iiam, 55

fa) Coram rege fuo« (I') Et rixx muko minus.

Ssepe

I .

I

I

afpires to celeftial honours. To have been acceptable
to the great, is not the laft of praifes. It is not every
man's lot to gain i/je fort * ^Corinth. Vit prudently
fat fiill, who was afraid left he (hould not fucceed :
be it fo: what then? Was it not bravely done by
him, who carried his point ? Either here therefore,
or no where, is what we are inveftigating. ' The'onc
dreads the weight of the enterprize^ as too burthenfome
for a pufillanimous foul and a weak conflitution : the
other undertakes and carries it through. Either vir-
tue is ail empty name, or the man who, makes the ex-
periment defervedly claims the honour and the r^*
ward. * '

TKofe, who metition nothing of their poyprty be-
fore their lofd, will gain more.thail the importunate.
There is agfeat difference between modeftly accepting
a favour^ or feizing it as it were by violence. But
this was the principle and fource of every thing / ai'
ledged. He who tells his lord^'tny lifter is without a
portion, my mother poor, and my eftate neither fale-
able, nor fufficient for my fupport ': cries out in ejfeSt^
Give me a morfel of bread t another whihefs in the fame
key; and let the platter be carved 6ut for me With' ha If
a Ihare of the bounty. But if the crow could have
fed in iilence, he would have had better fare, and
f much lefs of quarreling and of envy^

A companion taken iy his lord to Brundiiium, or
the pleafant Surrentum, who complains of the rug-
gednefs of the roads, and the bitter cold, and rains,
or laments that his cheft is broke open, and his pro*
▼ifions ftolen ; refembles the well known tricks of an
harlot, weeping fo frequently for her necklace, for

* The great difficulty of entering the port of Coiinih gave rije to
this proverb,

f Minus et minus has never been underfiwid by the eriticSt It it pro*
perly an Orientalifm, or a form of ^xp effion natural in the eajiern
languagesy implying an augejts or fpeiative degree. In this place it
may either be an argunitnt of a general rcttonale thro* all languages ;
Off as the eafiem tajle ran the mo/i of any into fable and alle^or^, that
the literal tran/lation offomefable iuto the Roman language y is here aU
luded to. There are marvffablts extant in the Arabic^ laying claim to
a much higher antiquity than is herefuppofed^

Vol. II. t lap-

S^'pe perifcelidem raptam fibi Sent is : uti mox
Nulla fides damnis verifque doloribus adih.
Nee fcmel irrifus, triviis attoUere curat
FracSlo cnire planum : licet illi plurima manet
Lacryma ; per fan^um juratus dicat Ofirimy 60

Credite ; non ludo : criideles tollite claudura. '
<Ju3ercpcregrinura, j^^^ vicinia rauiqaa^tlamat. '

«

E P I S T O L A XVIII.

Ad L O L L I U M.

Dt cokhdd princ'ipiuitt amicUza fufe diffutat^ turn de
compdranda aninii tranqviUitate p^iucafuljungit.

SI bene te novi, naetues, liberrime LoUi,
Scurrantis fpeciem praebere, profeiTus amicum*
rUt matron a meretrici difpar erit atque
JDifcolor, infido fcufrae diflabit amicus.
Eft Ijuk 4iverfum vUiQ vitium ptope majus ; . . j
V^LfperUas agrefU«, ct,mconcinnfl,,grayifque. • ..; >
Quse f^ (^ GpsttiB^ienKLat tonfa cute, dentib'us atris :
Dum vult libertas dici mera, veraque virtus.
Virtus cfl medium vitiorum, et utrinque redudum.
Alter in obfequium plus sequo pronus, ct imi lo

Derifor lc(5li,. {c) fie nutum divitis horret,
Sic iterat voces, ct verba cadentia tollit ; ,

y<t puerumfaevo cr^das.djiSbata magillro. , '.r .

t « '» 4 . ■ J

/^iij Vicinia caui^ rcclamat. MakK

/^i-y Commcntliit ^uae fe intonfa cute. Saui^^-

'(.) Sic vult^xn divitis horret.

Reddere,

{ 243 )

lap*di>g) fo frequently for a girdle that is forcibly
taken from her : that at length no credit is giveij to
her real griefs an4 lolTes. Nor does he who has beea
once ridiculed in the flreets care to lift up a vagrant
with a pretended broken l^g ; tho' abundance of tears
fhou'd flow from him ; tho' he fliould fpeaTc, fwearing
Ijyholy *Ofiris, believe me; «^ul doirt impdfeupon
you : O cruel, take up the lame. Seek out for f a
flranger, cries the w/J»4?fclibarfe neighbourhood.

r »

E ? I S T L E XVIII.

To L O L L 1 U $• :

He treats at large upon the cultivation of the favour if

great men^ then concludes '^tth a f&w words concern*

ing the acquireTheht of peace of mind*

» • -

IF I rightly know y«ur temper, moft ingenuous
LoUius, you will beware of imitating a flatterei*,
while you profefs yourfeH a friend. As a matron is
tmlike, and of a different afpeft from a common ftrum'-
pet, fo will a true friend differ from tlie toad-eater.
There is an oppofite vice to this, rather gr^zxtv of the
two I a clownifh, inelegant, . and difagreeabte bldnt*
nefs, which would recommend itfelf by an unfhavea
face aad black teeth : while it deiires to be termed
downright freedom and true ilncerity^. Virtue is the
medium oi the two vices, amd eqirally remote from
either. The one is too prone to complaiiance, and a
jefter of the J iowcft couch, he fo reverences the rich
man's nod, fo repeats his fpeeches, and catches up his
falling words ; infomuch that you would take him for
a fchool-boy, faying his lefTon to a rigid mafier, or

* Ofiris being the great Egyptian Godf perhaps It is hence to ie
cUle3eiy That gypjies, or Egyptians, nvere common tmptjioys in Rome;
and that tife name of' that vc^rant tribe is hence Jl'.U lontinucd in tie
famefenfe, --

+ One that has had no exbcrience of your imfoflures*

} The krj/er end of the take,

L J that

( 244 )

Reddere, vel partes mimum tra^tare fecundas;
(aj Alter rixatur.de lana fakpe caprina ; i j

Propugnat nugisarmatus : Scilicet, ut non
'Sitmihi prima (ides ; ct, ve re quod placet, ut noa
Acriter elatrem, precium aBta» altera fordet*
Ambigitur quid enim ? Caftor fciat an Docilis plus ?
Brundifium Minuci melius via ducat, an Appi ? lo

^ Quern damnofa Venus, quern prcceps alea nudat ;
Gloria quern fupra vires et vcftit ct ungit,
^Quem tenet argenti (itis importuna famefque,
Quern paupertatis pudor et fuga ; divps amicus,
Saepe decern vitiis mftru^or, odit, et horret ; 25
Aut fi non edit, regit ; ac, veluti pia mater,
Plus quam fe fapere, et virtutibus efTe priorem
Vult : et ait prope vera ; Meae (contendere ndi^
Stultitiain patiuntur opes ; tibi parvula res eft :
Ardta decet fanum comitem toga : define mecum 30
Cert are. Eutrapelus, cuicunque nocere volebat,
,V€ftimenta dabat prcciofa. beatus enim jam
Cum pulchris tunicis fumet nova conlilia et fpes ;
Dormiet in lucem ; Tcorto poftponet honcftum
.Officium ; nummos alienos pafcet ; ad imum 3^

Thrax erit, aut olitoris aget mercede caballum.

Arcanum /^^^ neque tu fcrutaberisUlius unquam ;
Commiflumque teges, et vino tortus et ira
^ec tua lauaabis ftudia, autaliena reprendes:
Ncc, cum venari volet ille, poemata panges. 40

Gratia fic fratrum geminorum Amphionis atque
Zethi diiTiluit ; donee fufpefla fevero
Conticuit lyra* fratemis ceflifle putatur
Mqribus Amphion : tu cede potentis amici

"(a) Alter rixat^r. Muret,

(b) Ket^ue tu fcruuberis Ulllus unquam.

Lenibus

( 245 )
that a player was a^ing an under part ; another often
wrangles even for a *• goat's hair ; and arms and en-
gages for any trifle : ** That I, truly, fhou'd not have
** the firft credit ; -and that I ihould not boldly fpcak
** aloud what is my real fentiment— w/^n fuch terms
** another life would be of no value." But what is
the fubjedt of this controverfy ? ^hy^ whether the gla*
diator Caftor or Docilis be the cleverer fellow j whe-
ther the Minucian or the Appian be the better road to
Brundilium?

Him, whom 'pernicious venery, whom the quick
diipatchin'gdie beggars ; whom vanity drelles out and
perfumes beyond his abilities^ whom infatiable hunger
and third after money, or whom a (hame and averfion
of poverty poflefles, his rich friend, tho' furniihed
witii half a fcore more vices than he^ hates and ab-
hors : or, if he does not hate him, governs him ;
and, like the pious mother to her fon, wouM have
him more wife and virtuous than herfelf : and fays
what is nearfy true ; my riches (think not to imitate
me) admit ofextravagancy : your income is butfmall:
a fcanty gown becomes a prudent dependant : ceafe
to vie with me. Whomfoever Eutrapelus had a mind
to punifh, he prefented with cof^ly garments. For
now, (fatd heJi\x^YJ in his fine'cloaths, he will af-
fume new fchemes and hopes ; he will ileep till day-
light ; prefer a harlot to his honefl calling ; will run
f into debt ; and at lad become a gladiator, or drive
a gardener's horfe for hire. .

Do not you at any time pry into his (yonrfatroyCs)
fecrets ; and keep clofe what is intruded to you, tho*
put to the torture by the force of wjne or paffion.
Neither commend your own inclinations, or find fault
with thofe of others : nor, when he is difpofed to
hunt, muft you make verfes. For by fych means the
amity of the twins Zethus and Amphion broke off;
till the lyre, difliked by the auftere hrothcr^ was filent.
Amphion is thpught to have given way to his bro-

• j4 proverbial expreffionfoy waking much ado abw$ o triJU,
f JJteraUjf feeds on ot':'er Wei's money,

L } ther'a

( 246 )

Lenibus imperils : quotiefque edacet in agros 45.
^toHs bnerata plagis jumeata^ canefque ;
Su^ge. et in inhumanae fenium jlepone Caaienae,
Coenes ut jpariter pulmenta laborious emta;
Romanis foknrie viris opus, utile famae,
Vitaeque^ et membris : prsefertim cum valeas, et jo
Vel curfu fuperare cancm, vel viribus aprum
Pofiis« adde, virilia quod fpecioiius arma
Non eft qui tradlet. fcis quo clamore coronas
Froelia fufliheas campedria : denique ikevum
Militiam puer et Cantabrica bella tulifti 55'

Sub duce, qui templis (a) Parthorum figna refigit
Nunc; et, fi quid abefl, {b) Italis adjudicat armis. .
Ac, ne te retrahas^ et inexcufabilis abfis ;
Quamvis nU extra numerun; fecifle modumque
Curas, interdum nugaris rure paterno. ' 6q.

Partitur lintres exercitus : A6lia pugui?,
Te duce, per pueros hoftili more rerertur :
Adverfarius eft frater ; lacus, Adria ; donee
Alterutrum velox viftoria fronde coronet*
Cohfentire fuis ftudiis qui crediderit te, 6^

Fautor utroque tuum laudabitpoUice ludum*

Trotinus ut moneam (fi quid monitori^ eges tu ;.)
Quid de quoque viro, et cui dicas, faepe videto.
Percontatorem fugito ; nam garrulus idem efi ^

(a) Parthorum figna sefixit ;

Nuncet
(h) Italis adjadicat arVis* Bcnii^

Nee

w .

( «47 )

ther's humours : fo do you. rather yield ta the g^otle
di^tes of your friend in power : as often as he leads
forth his dogs into his fields, and his cattle laden with
^tolian nets; arife, and lay alide the peeviihnefs' of
your unmannerly mufe^ that you may fup together on
the delicious, fare,, p»rcbafed by your iai)9ur ; /#r this.
is an excff^ife habitual to the manly Romans, of fer-.
vice to their fame, and life, and limbs*; efpecially
when you are in health,, and are able either to excel
the dog in fwiftnefs, or the boar in (Irength. Add to
tbis^ that there, is no one who handles martial wea-
pojis more gracefully. You well know with i^hat ac-
clamations of the fpe62:ators you fuflain the combata
in. the Campus Martins: in 6ne, 9s yet a, boy, you
endured a Moody campaign and the pantabrian wars,
beneath a comniander, who is no\y replacing the
fiandards recc-ver^J from the Parthian temples ; and
if any thing is wanting,, ailigns to the Roman arms
their grandeur. And that you may not withdraw your--
k\f from fuch diverjions^ and inexcufeably be abfent;
tho' you are carfful to dp nothing,<Hit;of m^afure and
moderation, yet you fometimes^mufeyourfelfatyoui:
country fe^t. The met^k fleet divides the little boat$
into iwqfquadrons : the A6tiaa fea-fight is reprefented
by boys under your dirediipn in a hoflile form : your
brother is the foe ; your lake,, the Adriatic ; when
^^^ fight till * rapid vidtory crowns the one or the other
with her bays. Yoi^r patron f Auguftiis^ who will p^m
ceive that you come into his tafle^ will applaud your
i|>orts with % both his hands.

Moreover^ that I may advife you (if in truth you
iland in need of an advifer ; ) take great circumfpedtion
what you fay of any man, and to whom. Avoid an
inquifitive impertinent ; for fuch an one is always a

* Jhe viSory at A£tfum, according to Pluiurch and Floras, was
gained very expediiiQ!i/ly ,

+ Augifftus had injtuuttd games of this nature to commemorate the
battle of ABtxam-,

X Literali^''--witb both his thumbs^- Jli the combats of the gladiators,
the compreJJMn of the thumbs wassan indication of popularity^ as turning
them upwards was of difapprpbation, even to deaths

L 4 tatkr;

( 24» )
Nee retinent patula? commifTa fideliter aures : 70

£t femel emiuum volar irrevocabile verbum.

Non ancilla tuum jecur ulceret ulla, puervCi •
Intra mannoreum venerandi limen amici:
Ne dominus, pueri pulchri caraeve puellse
Munere ic parvo beet, aut incommodus angat. 7 j

Qualem commendes, etiam at que etiam afpice : nc
mox
Jncutiant aliena tibi peccatapudorem.
Falllmur, et quondam non dignum tradinius. ergo.
Quern fua culpa premet, deceptus omitte tueri ;
(a) Utpenitus notum, ii tentent criminal f&tvc$j 80
/ Tuterifoue tuo fidentem praetidio : qui
Dente Thconino cum circumrodttur, ecquid
Ad tc poft paulo Ventura per icula feptis?
Nam tua res agitur, paries cum proxixnus ardet :
£t negle^a folent incendia fumere vires. 8j

- Diilcis tnexp^rtts cultura potfsntis amici : n
£xptrhjfs metuit tu, dum tua navis in alto eft|
Hoc age, he mutata retrorfi^im te ferat aura.

Oderunt hilarcm triftes^ triftemque jocofi ;
Sedatum celeres : agilem gnavumque remifli : ^0

Potorcs bibuli fhj media de noCle Falerni
Odterunt p6rre<S^a ncgantem pocula : quamvis
Noftutnos.jures' fc}. te formldare teporea.
Deme iupcrcilio nubem : plerumqtie ihodeftus ^"^
Occupat obfcuri fpeciem, tactturnusacerbi. 95

Inter cun£la leges, et percontabere do£los,

Qua ratione queas traducere leniter aevum : ' *'

(a) At penitus notum, Bend, (h) Media de luce. BcntL

(c) Tc fonnidare vapores. * ' .-

Ne

( H9 )
tatler; nor Ao fuch open ears retain with fidelity,
what is intrufted to them : and a word once fent a*
broad flies irrevocably. ^

Let no flave within the marble threfliold of your
hoDour'd friend inflame your heart : left the owner' of
the beloved damiel gratify you with Jh trifling a prc-
fent, or mortifying t0 your wjhes fliQu'd torment you
«i\3ith a rtfufaL

Look over and over again into the merits ^fiich an
one as you recommend : left afterwards the faults of.
others ftrike you with (hame. We are fomet^fs im-
pofed upon, and now and then introduce an unworthy
perfon. Wiierefore, once deceived, forbear to defencf
one who iuffersby hiis own bad condu6^ % but prote6t
one, whomy<Ki intirely know, and with conndence
guard him w ith your patronage, iffalfe accufationis .
attack him : who when he is bit with the tooth of
* calumny, do you not perceive that the fame danger
is hanging over your head ? For it becomes your own
affair,* when the adjoining wail is on fire : and flames
neglei^ed arc wont to get a*head.

The attending the levee of a friend in power feems
delightful to the unexperienced : the experienced
dread it. Do you, while your veflel is in the main^
ply your buflnefs, left a changing gale bear you back
again.

The, melancholy hate the merry, and the jocofei
the melancholy ; the volatile dijlikt the fedate ; and
the indolent, the ftirring and vivacious : the quaffer^
of pure Falernianfrom mid-day, hate one who pafle^
his turn : notwithftanding you fwear you are afraid of
the* fumes of wine by night. Difpet ^i/ gloominefs
fr6m your forehead : the modeft man generally carries
* the look of a fullen one, and the reierved of a churl.

In every thing you muft read and confult the learh-
cd, by what means you may be enabled to pafs your
life in an agreeable manner : that infatiable defire

• titer dU — 'iuith the tootff ^/"Theon, who was a Grecian fitt^
rtmo^kabie fir the ilUnaturcd Jpirit of Jatire that prevailed in his
writings,

h S may

i 250 )

Ne te femper inops agitet vexetquecupido,
Ne pavor, et reruni mediocriter utilium fpes :
Virtutem do^rina paret naturane donet : 100^

Qi4d minuatcuras; quid te tibi reddat amic^m i
Quid pure tranquillet f honos, an .dulce lucellum,
An fecretum iter, et falleatis femita vitse. '

Me quoties reficit (a) gelidtis Digentia rivus, .
Quern Mandela bibit, rugofus frigore pagus ; 105
Quidfentireputas, quid credis amice, prccari ? •
Sit mihi^ quod nunc eft , etiam minus : (ij et mihv

vivam
Qued fuperefl asvi, fi quid fuperefle volunt Di &
Sit bona librorum et provifx frugis in annum <
Copia ; ne fluitem dubiae fpe pendulus horae. iil>
fc) Sed fatis eft orare Jovem qui pontt et aufert ;
Detvitam,. det opes: acquummianimumipfeparabo»

E P I S T O L A XIX. ,

Ad M JEC E N a T E M.

^orxnddm qxU feifjum imifarentur^ fatuitatem ; qui
criminarenHify inwdiam coarguit,

PRISCO G. credis, Maecenas dode, Cratino ;
. Nulla placere diu nee vivere-carmina poiTunt,
Quae fcribuntur aquae potoribus Ut male faoos
Adfcripfit Liber Satyris Faunii^e poetas ;-
Vma fere dolces oluerunt mane Camenae* g

Laudibus arguitur vini vinofus Homenis :
Ennius ipfe pater nunquam nifi potus ad arma

» •

(a) Gclidis Digentia rivii, (h) Ut mifai yivam*

r' (c/ Hacc fatIs ell orare JoYem, qui donat«

> • »

ProClui^

( 2ST )

may not a|;itate and torment vou, nor the fear and
hope of thmgd that are but or little account : whe-
ther learning acquires virtue, or nature beflows it :
what leflens the folicitudes of life^ what may endear
you to yourfdf : what perfeftiy renders the temper
calm I honour, or enticing lucre, or zfecret paiTage,
and the path of an unnoticed life.

For my part, as often as the cooling * rivulet Di-

gentia refreihes me ; Digentia^ of which Mandela
rinks, a village chopt with cold.; what, my friend,
do you think are my tentiments', what do you imagine
I pray for ? WTy that my fortune may remain, as it h
now: or even if it he fomethini left ; and that I may
\vj^ to myfelf, what remains of nriy time, if the Gods
will that ought do remain : that I may have a good
ftore of books and corn provided for the year ; that I
may not flu£hiate in fuffJence of each uncertain hour.
But 'tis fufficicitt to fue to Jov'e/^r thefc externals^
which he giv^^ and takes away at'^pkaftn-t", let him
grant -lifcf, let Mm grant wealth : I myfelf wHi pro-
vide an equanimity of temper.

E "P I S T L E XIX.

• ^^-^Td" M M C'E'N A'S.' ''"'

He Jbnvs the folly of fonie firfons^ 'who' voould imitate
him ; and the envy of other s\ 'who would ce^fure him.

MY learned friend Maecenas, if you believe old
Cratinus, no verfes which are written by water-
drinkers can pleafe, or be long-liv*d.- Ever fincc
Bacchus inlifted the brain-fickpoetsamongft the Satyrs
and the Fauns ; the fweet Mufes have ufually fmelt of
wine in the morning. Homer^ by his exccffive praifes
of wine^ is convidled as a boozer : father Ennius-

♦ A lUtk rivulit in our poet* s Z^h'.ntfarm,

L 6 him-

( ^52 )

Profiluit dicenda. Forum, putealque LibonU
Mandabo ficcis, adimam pntare feveris.

. (a) Hoc fimul edixi, npn ceflaVcre poetae . / lo
Nodurno certare mero, putere. diurno.
Quid ? fi quis vultu torvo ferus, et pede nudo,
Ei^iguaequc togne fimulet textore Catonem ;
"Virtutemne repraifentet morefque Catonis ?
Rupit Hyarbitam^^^ Timagenis aemula lingua, 15
Dum ftudet urbanus, tenditquc difertus haberi.
Decipit exemplar vitiis imitabile, proh ! fi f

Pallerem cafu, biberent exfangue cuminum.
O imitatores, fervum pecus ; (c) ut mihi faepe
Bilem, faepe jocum veftri movere tumultus ! 20

Libera per vacuum pofui velligia princeps, . ,
Non alienameoprefii pede. qui fibi fidit
Dux, regit axamen. Parios ego primus iaml)os
Oftendi Latio ; numeros animofquefecutus
Archilochi, non res et agent ia verba Lycamben. 25
At ne me foliis ideo brevioribus ornes,
Quod timui mutare modos et carminis artem : *
Temperat Archilochi Mufkm pede mafcula Sappho ;
Temperat Alcaeus : fed rebus et ordine difpar,
Nee focerum quaerit, quern veHibus oblinat atris ; 30
Nee fponfae laqueum famofo carmine ne^tit.
Hunc ego, non alio didhjm priu» ore* Latinus

(a) Hoc iimul ed'xit.
(c) — Ut mihi bilem s
Ut puhi fapft jocum.

(b) Timagenis xmula caena.

Vulgavi

N

himfclf never falljed forth to fing of arms, unlei^ hi
was in drink. '* 1 will condemn the fobcr therefore to
** the bar and the * praetor's bench, and deprive the
*^abftei»j0M$ pf thjo povvef of finging." .:

As fooaas I gave out this edid^ the poets did
not ceafe to contend in n^idnight cups, and to iliak
of 'em by day. What ? if any favage> by a ftern coun-
tenance, . and bare feet, and tl^ texture of a fcanty
gown (hou'd imitate Catp i will he t^. rcprefent the
virtue and naorals of Cato ? The tongue that imitated
the manner of Timagpnes was the deAruf^ionpf \ the
Moor, while he aSe(S^d to be hynto^eus^' ^nd ato
tempted to feem elpquent. The example that is inait;
able in ;t^ faults takes in th^ igiuntanu Soh ! if I
was to grow pale by accidenl» ib^e pteiafters wofiiid
drink the.hi<^d-thinnttig cumia. O ye imitators^ a
fervile herd ; how pften your buflling efforts raife my
.indignation, ho^y oCtep excite my mirth ! .

I was the original, who fet my free footAeps upon
the vacanty^i/; I trod not in thefteps of others. He
who depends upon bimfelf as leader, , commands the
fwarm. I firft ftiewed to Italy the % Parian iambics ;
following' the numbers and ipirit of Archilochus,
but not hisfubje6l and the acrimony of hisAylCy || that
a£ii£ted Lycambes. You mui^ not however crown
me with a more fparing wreath, becaufe I was afraid
to alter the meafure and ftru^rc of his vcrfc : for
the manly Sappho governs her mufe by the meafures
of Archilochus ; fo does Alc«us : but differing from
him in the materials and difpofitioa . 4?/* hi^verfesy nor
does he fee:k for a father-in-law whom he may deiaoie
with his fatal lampoons ; nor does he tie a rope fcMT
his betrothed fpoule in fcandalous verfe* Him too,
never celebrated by any other tongue, I the Roman

* Lit<:rally, Libo's trlhunaly Jo called from its founder Libo.

+ Jarbita (f^v^s the fcholiafi) was a Moor, whofe name was Cor*
daSy who attempting in vain to imitate, or (as the modern phrafe is)
TAKE OFF the droll TimageoeSy a rhetorician of AXexxc^ixiM^ burfi
with vexation and dejpair,

i ArchilocuSy tb€ inventor of iambics, was of the i^and of Ptrot,

Q Lycambes was drove to$ang himftif ^y ArchilocbuiV ya/tr««
Sic Epod. VI*

lyrift

(^54)

VuIgaVi fi<ficeii« juvat immemorata f^rentem
Ihgenuis oculifque legf, manibufque teneri.

Scire velis, 'mea cur ingratus optt(eula Icftor ' ' 55
Laudet atnetquc dbmi^ prdmat extra limen iniqtiUs?
Non ego ventofflc plebis fuffragia' venor
Impends ccenarum, et trittae munere veftis :
Non ego, nob ilium fcriptorum auditor et ultor,
Grammaticas ambire tribus et pulpita dignor. ' ' 4a
Hinc iHae lacrymse. Spiilis indigha theatric
Scriptapudet red tare, et nugis addere pondus,
Si'dixi ; Rides, ait, et Jovis auribus ifta
Servas.: fidis enim manare poetica mella
Te foluro, tibi pulcher. Ad base ego narrbus uti 4; j
Formido ; etlu^bintis acuto ne fecer ungui^
Dlfplicet ifte locus, clamo et diludia pofco.
iiudus enitn genuit trepidum certamen, et iram :
Ira (ruces inimicitias^ et funebiie bellum. * ' • •, • '«

E P I S T O 'L A XX.

■ , • . • i •••.•. .:-

Ad L I B R U M S U U M- - '

lErumpere geftitniem reiinere fruftra canatui^ quid mv*
lefiia exforhendutn fit monet^. ac nomiuHa de^ fefdfik^
' ritati fmnciitnda^mandaU .' - ^

ERTUMNUM Janurrique-, liber, fpcaaijB
vidcris;

y

Scilicet ut proftes Soiiorum pumice mundus*-
Odifti elaves, ^ grata Cgilla pudico ;

., '\ J '. J 1 >

/.] !•

Ta»cl»*

lyriffi firft made known. It is^ aplcafure to nae, as 1
bring out new produ^ions, to be perufedby theeyes,^
and held in the hands of the ingenuous.

Would you know, why the uhgratcful' rcaider ex-
tols and is fond of n^~ works at honoey eh.dytt un-
juftly decries. them- without doors?? Wiy^ I hun^aot
after the applaufe of the incoBilant vulgar, at the ex-
pence of entertainments, and for the bribe of a worn-
out coat ; I am not an auditor of aw^ nobl6 writers^.
j3or a vindf6tive recited in my t^rri^ nor condefcend to
court the tribes anddefltsof the grammarians. Hence
are thefe tears ^frefhthmnu If I ixf^ that I am aHi&med
to repeat my worthlefs Writings to crouded thesitresy
and givean air of confequenoe lofucb triftes ; ** Vou.
** ridicule us, ity^^ne of therriy and you- refefve thdfc
** pieces £or the cars- of * Jove : you arc confident that
*-*://« you alone who can ^(ktithe pOetic honey, ^
** woTtdrous beautiful' tfrrjVK in your owtt eyes," At
. thefeyn^^i I am afraid? to turn up my nofe ; and left
I (hou'd be torn by theacute nails of riiy adverfary,
this place 18 difagreeabie^ I cry out, and:, demand a
prorogation of the conteft. For oonteft begets trem-
bling emulation^ and ftrife ; and ilrife iringf forth
<;ruel enmities and funerar war,.

E P I Si T L E XX.

To H I & B O O K.

In vain he endea*vours to keep iw his hook defirous of
getting ahroady tells it zvhat trouble it is to undergo^
and refers to pojterilyfome other things to he f aid of
him*

YOU feem, n^book, to look wijhfulfy at f Janusr
and Vertumnus ; to the end that you may be
fet out for fale, neatly polifhed by the pumice ftone

of the X SofiK You hate keys, and feais, which are

« • • « •

A. . . *

• AuguftHs.'

+ ThefiruMy where tnuojiaiues were ere^cd to tkofe ddties.

"i Two very ewincnt Roman hookfcHcrs*

agrec^

( >S6 )

f amci> ofi«ndi gemif, et commuiiialaudas ;

Xi^ ita nutritus* {'aj fqge quo defcendere gcftis : 5

Non erit cmifTo reditus tibi. Quid mifer egi f

Quid voiui i dices ; ('ij ubi qu;d tc laeferit, et kit

In breve te cogi , cum plenus languet 4tQatQr.

Q|iod ft nop pdio peccantis deftpil augui^y

Carus eris Roiiue« donee te deteret aeUs. 10

ContreSatus ubi manibu^ fordefi^ere vulgi

Coeperis ; aut tineas pafces tacUurnus inertes, -

Aut fugies Uticam9 valfc} vin6^3 mitteris Ilerdam.

Redebit; monitor non e^auditus : ut ille,

C^i male parentem in rupes pj^etrufit afellum i^

Iratus* quis enim invitum iervaire laboret ?

Hoe quoque te manqt, ^t pifergm elementa docentem

Occupet extremis ip vicis balba fenedus.

Cum tibi (bl tepidus plures admoverit auret;

Me libertinojti^uin paUftf %^. iji tenui re so

Majores pennas nido extendilTe loqueria ;

]LJt q>4antuin generi demaSj vintutibua addas ;

^e prims U rbi», belli pbc^ifle domiqxie v

Corporis csqigui^ pr>aecaiium^ folibuc; aptum,

Irafei celerem, tamen ut pUcabilts eflem^ 25

Forte meum ft quis te percontabilur aevum ;

Me quaterundenos fciat impUvifle Decembres^

Coliegam Lepidum quo duxit Lollius anno.

(a) Fuge, quo decedere geftis. (h) I7bi quit te IcicriL

(c) Un^i mictcris Ilcidam

Q^HORATJI

( 257 )

agreeable to a modeft volume : you grieve that you
are (hewn biit to a few, and extol public places ;
tho' educated in another manner. Away with your
whither you are fo felicitous of going : there will
be no returning for you, when you are once fen t out.
Wretch th^t I amy what have I done ? .What did I
want ? you will fay *; when any one glvei you ill-
treatment, ahd you know that you will be * fqueezed
into fmall compafs, as foon as the eager reader is fa«^
tiated. But if the Augur be not prejudiced by refeut*
ment of your error, you (hall be careffedat Rome only
till your youth be paffed. When thumb'd by the
hands of the vulgar you (hall begin to grow dirty ;
either you fhall in iilence feed the groveling book-
worms, or you fliall make your efcape to f Utica, or
fhail befent bound to | Ilerda. Your difregarded advifer
fhall then laugh atyou : as he, who in a paffion pufh-
ed his refradory afs over the precipice. For who would
fave an afs againit his will ? Thhfate too awaits you,
that faultering dotage fhall feize on you to teach boys
their ruj|imentf in 3ie fqrtar pf the city. But whea
the abating || warmth of the fun fhall attra6t more ears ;
you fhall tell.thenn, that I was thefon pf a freedman,
and extended my wings beyond my nefi ; fo that as
much as yov^ take away from my family, you may, ad4
to my merit : that I was in favour with the firfl men"
in the flate, both in war and peace ; of a fhort ftaturc,
grey before niy titoif, caUitls^te^ipr fuftaifling of heat,
proi^e ^to. paffion, but fo .a$ ^tp be fp9n appea&d. If any
one (hou'd t:hance to enquire n^r i^gej -let him knovv
that I had completed four times § eleven Decembers,
in the year that Lollius took in Lepidus as his obllegue
in tin confulate,

• RoWd up clofcy to lie by : at that time of day, all the books were in
rolls, the libri quadrati, as we have them now, net comnr into ufe till
long fife -wards

f A city ^Africa.

:J: A town in Spain «

II JVhen company meet together to cenverfe in the gentler heat tfthe
evenin^»

(j Horace was born on the ^th of DcccmhtTf an. ab urb» rond,
6S9, and canfequently his forty-fourth year endjd T ^l» Sanadon.

THE

( 2S8 )

Wr-

Q^ HORATII FLACCr

: .i

I

E PISTOL A RUM

LIBER II.

E P I S T LA ' t

'.'• ..i ,.,t T , *

1. • • . ,

Ad AU G y S TU M.

Jimplijfmis eufh laudihus deniereturi tvmaepoefi^ undi
caferii utjudicanda Jh it omanday *varie differiU

CUM tot fuftineaset tanta negotta folus.
Res Italaft annis tnteris, (a) mortbus ornes,
I<egibu»emende6 ^ in publica conamoda peccem,

(i^) Moeaibut oracsj. B^rd^ . .

•:x

Si

( *S9 )

THE

E P I S T L E S

€ F

HO R A C E.
BOOK II.

EPISTLE L

To A U O U S T U S*.

Hi homurs him wHh the higheft compliments ; then man
copioufy of poetry J its origin^ char a Her ^ and exceUence.

SINCE ybu alone fupport the burden of fo many
and fnch weighty concerns, dbfend Italy with
your arms, adorn it by your virtues, reform it by^
your laws ; I flkould pffena, O Caeiar, againft the in-

terefts

• This epiftU is Juppofed io have been occaponedhy a kindreproacb
from Auguftus, for our author's ntgUet^ or bafhfulmjs^ in acknovt^
^M^W him in hu works ; " Knawy Jcns he, I am angry mfith you^
** tVbat are you apprehmfive it wiil injureyour reputation with pofie^
*' rityf that you have been one of my friends f** This is defervedfy
ranked amongft our author* s bejl perfirmances j and proves at once the
vufiperfeS ddicacy of tafe and mannert, a mafculine Superiority of

^etiiuSf

( a6o y^

Si longo fermone morer tempora Csefar.

Romulusy et Liber pater, et cum Caftore Pollux, ^
faj Pod ingentia fadta, Deorum in templa recepti,
Dum terras hominumque colunt genus, afpera bella
Componunt, agrosafljgnant, /^^^oppida condunt ; «
Ploravere fiiis non refpondere favorem
Speratummeritis. diram auicontudit Hydrami zo
Notaque fatali portenta laoore fubegit,
Comperit invidiam fupremo fine domari.
Uritenim fiilgore fuo, qui pnesravat artes
Infra fe pofitas : cxtinflus amabitur idem.
Praefenti tibi matures largimur honores, z 5

Jurandafque fcj tuum per numen ponimus aras,
Nil oriturum alias, nil ortum tale fatentes.
("dj Sed tuus hoc populus fapiens et juftus in unO|
Te nodris ? ducibus, te Graiis anteferendo,
Caetera nequaquazn fimili ratione ihodoque ' 20

JE&xmdX ; et, nifi quse terris femota fuiiqtie
Temporibus defunoa videt, fallidet etodit ;
Sic fautorveterum, uttabulas peccare vetanteSy
Quas bis quinque viri fanxerunt ; foedera regum.
Vel Gabiis vet cu)n rigidts aequata Sabihis ; 2^

Pontificum libros, annofa volumina vatum,
Difiitet Albano Mufas in mopte locutasp

Sly quia Graecorum funt antiquiflima quacque
Scripta, vel optima ; Romani penfantur eadcm
Scriptorestrutina; non eft quod multa loquamyr : 30
(ej Nil intra eft olcam, nil extra eft in nuce duri*
Vcnimusad (limmym fortunae : pingimus, atque
Pfallimus, et lufbfftiur Achivis doftius un6tis,

fa) Poft ingentia fata, Senih (b) Oppida formant.

(c) Tuum per nomen. (d) Scd tuus hie populus.

(e) Nil intra eft olea, Btntlf

Si

( a6i )

terefts of my country, did I ^refpafs upon your time
with a long difcourfe.

Romulus and father Bacchus, and Caftor and Pol*
lux, after great atchievements, received into the
temples of the Gods, while they were improving
the world and human nature, compofing fierce diiTen-
fions, fettling property, building cities^ lamented
that the efleem they might have expe6ted was not
paid in proportion to their merits. He who crulhed
the dire hydra, and fubdued the renowned monfters
by his fore-fated labour, found envy was to be tamed
by death alone. For he burns with his fplendor,
whofe fuperiority is opprefiive to the arts beneatb
him : after his deceafe he (hall be had in honour. On
you, ivhile prefcnt amongft us, we confer noature ho-
nours, and rear altars where your name is tobefwom
by, confefling that nothing equal to you has hitherto
rifen, or will hereafter rue. But here your people,
wife and jufl in this one point, for preferring you, to
our own, you to the Grecian heroes, by no means
eftimate other things with like proportion and mea*
fure ; and difdaia and deteft every thing, but- what
they fee removed from earth and already pad; ; fuch
favourers are they of antiquity, as to aHert that the
Mufes ttem/ehesy upon mount Albanus, di£lated the
Twelve Tables, forbidding to tranfgrefs, which the
Decemviri ratified; the leagues of our kings con*^
eluded with the Gabii, or the rigid Sabines : the re-
cords of the Pontifices and the antient volumes of
the Augurs.

If, becaufe the mod: antient writings of the Greeks
are alfo the befi, Roman authors are to he weighed iil
the fame fcale ; there is no need we fhould fay much :
there's nothing hard in the infide of an olive, nothing
hard in the outfide of a nut. We are arrived at the
higheft pitch of fuccefs in arts : we paint, and fing,
and wreftle more fkil|ully than the anointed Greeks.

gen'iuff a correfl judgment^ and an exiraorditay compafs oferud'titm.
The length of itjiems alio to have been occajioned hy the emperor's raU"
/* -Vi where he banfe^^d him with being afraid of making his poems
Hihroportioned to bisfiature.

If

. { 262 ) _

"Si meliora dieS| lit vitia, 'poemata reddit?
Scire vclim, chartis precium quotus arrogct annus. 35
Scriptorab hinc annos centum qui decidit, inter
Perfeftos vctercfquc rcfcrri debet, an inter
. Viles atque novos ? excludat jurgia finis,
Etl v^tus atque probus centum qui perficet annos.
Quid ? qui deperiit minor uno menfe, vel anno ; 40
Inter quos refcrendus erit ? C^^ veterefne poetas,
An quos et praefens ct fhj pollera refpuat seta's }
Iftc quidem vcteres inter ponctur honefte. '
'Qui vel menfc brevi, vel toro eft junior anno.
-UtOT permifTo, caudseque pilos ut equinse '45

Faulatim vello ; et demo unum, demo etiam unum ;
'Dlim cadat elufus ratione mentis acervi,
Qui reditad faftds, et virtutem asflimat annis,
'Miraturque nihil, nifi quod Libitina facravit.

• Ennius et fapiens, ctfoiiis, et al^r Homenis, 50
Ut critici dicunt, leviter curare videtur
Quo promiifa cadant, et fomnia Pythagorea*
'Nsevius in mantbus non eft, at mentibus haeret
Tcne rccens : adeofan^lum eft vetus omne pocma. •
"Ambigitur quoties, uter utro fit prior ; aufert ^5
Pacuvius do6lifamam fenis, Accius alti : •
Dicitur Afrani toga con veniflc Menandro ;
Flautusad exemplar Siculi properare Epicharmi;
Vinccrc Ca^cilius gravitate, Tcrentius arte.
Hos edifcit, et hos ardo ftipata theatro ^o

Spe£lat Roma potens; habet hos numeratque poetas
Ad noftrum tempus, Livi Scriploris ab aevo.
Intcrdum vulgus redhim vidct : eft ubi peccat.
Si veteres ita miratur laudatque poetas,
Ut nil anttferat, nihil illis comparet; errat: . 65^

(a) Veterefric probvf^ue. BtraU (h) Poftera refpuct setis.

Si

( 263 )

If length of time makes poems better, as itdoes mne ;
2 would fain ItnoW how many years will ftamp a value
on writings. A writer wh6 died an hundred years
ago, is he to be reckoned among the perfed and an-
cient, or' action^ the mean and moderta a\ithors'? Let
fome fixed period eicl tide all diipute« He is an old
and: good writer who completes a hundred years*
What? one that died a month, or a year later;
among which he is to be ranked.^ Among the old
|K)ets, or among thofe whom both the prefeot age and
pofterity will difdaiafuliy reject : He may fairly -be
placed aitiotig the antients; who is younger either by a
ihort month only, or even by a whole' year. I take
the advantage 'of this cot^ceffion, and pull away by
tittle and little, as if th^ ^ver-e the hairs of a horfe's
tail ; and I take away one, and then again another
fingle one ; till, like a tumbling heap, «ry adverfary^
who has recourfe to annals, and eihmates excellency
by the year, and admires nothing but what Libitiha
lias made iacfed, £dU to' the ground* . . >

£nciius the wife, the oervous, aad^ as our ci-itlcks
fay, a facdnd Homer, fefems {lightly to regard, ^iutt
becomes of his promifes and Pytnagonean dreams.
Nasviu6 is not in people's hands, but ftill flicks sd-
^noA frelhin their memory : fo facred is every antient
:poem. As oft as^ a debate ariies whether ehis^/lr/,. or
the other is preferable ; Pacuvius bears away the.cha-
rader of a learned, Accius of a lofty writer : Afra-
nius's gown is liaiid to have fitted Menander ; • Plautus
is /aid to hurry after the pattern of the Sicilian Epi-
charmus ; Carcilhis to excel in gravity, Terence in
contrivance. Theie mighty Rome learns by heart,
4ind thele (he views crouded knh^v too narrow theatre ;
thele ihe efteems and accounts her poets from * Livy
the writer^s age, down to our time. Sometimes the
populace fee right : they arefometimes wrong: if they
admire and extol the antient poets fo as to pi'efer no-
thing before, to compare nothing with, them ; they

* Livius Andronicus, the oUtft of t\e Laiin pofts, and tht firft
ej 'Wcmwho comfofcd a fiay infirm^

err;

( 264 )
Si quaedam nimis antique, ii pleraqne dure
(a) Dicere cedit eos, ignavemulta fatetur'; ••
£t £ipit, et mecum facit, eC Jove jydicat squo.
Non equidem tnfe^or, delendaque (hj carmina Livi.
£fle reor, nemini quae plagofum mihi parvo • 7P

Orbilium di£tare : fed emendata videri • , '
Pulehraque, et exafkis tninunum diftafttia, iniror.:
Inter quae verbum emicuit fi fbrt)s decorum^ et
Si verfus paulo concinnior unus et alter ;. : .
InjuAe totum ducit venitque poema. 7 j

Indignor quidquam repreheodi, non quia craiTe
Compoiituai, ilkpideve pi}tetur> fed quia nuper ;
Necveniam aotiquia, fed hooorem.et pr^smia pofci«
Redie necne croeum -florefque p^rsimbulet Attae
Fabula, fi dubitem ; clament pertifle pudorem 8a
Cundi piiene patres : ea cum reprebendere coner.
Quae gravis w£fopu8, quae dodtusRofcius egit :
Vebquia nil redum, niii quod placuit fibi, ducunt ;
Velquiaturpe putantparere minoribus, pt, que
fc) Imberbi didiDcre, fenes perdienda faterl 8(

Jam SaHareNufiias cfurmen qui lauda^tt et iUud»
Q^od mecum ignbr&t^ folus vult icire videri )
Ingehiis non ille favet piauditque fepultis,
Noftrafed impugnat, nos nofiraque lividusodit.
Quod (x tarn Graiis novitas invifa fuiflet, 90

Quam nobis ; quid nunc edet vetus ? aut quid baberet»
Qpod legeret tereretque viritim publicus ufus ?

(a) Dfceie cedet eos,
(c) Imberbes didicere.

(ftyOum^^lAtvi

» .

1.

Ut

( 265 )

err : if they think and allow that they txpreib fome
things in an obfolete, mod: in a flifif, many in a
carelefs manner ; they both think feniiblyy and agree
with me, and determine with the aiTent of Jove him-
felf. Not that I bear an ill-vyill againft Livy's epics,
and would doom them to de{lru6Hon, which I remem-
ber the fevere Orbilius taught m^ when a boy ; but
th^t they fliould feem corred, t^autifiil, and very
little ihort of being perfe6b ; , tbis is what I wonder
at : Among which, if by chance ft bright exprefCon
fliines forth, and if one line or two happen to he fome*
what terfe and mulical ; this unreafonably carries off
and fells the whole poem. I am difgu^d that any
thing fhould be founcT fault with, not becaufe i.t is a
lumpilh compofitiou^ Of ineleg^t, but becaufe it \%
modern ; ariq that, not a favouraWe allpwanqe, buO
honour and rewards are demanded for the old writers*
Should I fcruple whether or no Atta's drama trod the;
* faffron and flowers in a proper manner ; almoft all
the fathers would cry out, that mpdedy was lofl : fmce
I attempted to iin4 f^ault with thofe puces which the
pathetic i^rppus, which the 4:ilful Rofcius a^ed :
either bjsicanfe they eftq^m, n/?thipg right but what hag
pleafed themfdves ; or becaufe they think it difgrace-
ful tofubmit to their juniors, and to confefs now they
are old, that what they learnt when young, deferves
only to be deftroyed. Now he-who extols Numa's
Salian hymn, and would feem -only to underfland that
which, as well as me, he is ignorant of; does not hy
that favour aD4 applayd the gepiufes that ha^e hen
hng buried^ b-ut attacks our$, enviouily hating us
moderns and every thing of ours. Whef^as if novelty
had been detefled by the Greeks, as much as by us ;
what at this time would there have been antient ; or
what would there have been to be read, and thumbed
in common by every body.

• Perfutred luaters tu/sre fpr'tnkki fhrf the Roman theatres^ and
thefiagcwns covtnd nvith flowers • Titus Quiniius had the furname
ofAxxz. given him, which Jignifies a man who walks oo tip-toe^ . His
flngular gait is here alluded to»

Vol. !!• M When

( 266 )

Ut primum pofitij nugari Graecia bcUis*
Coepit^ et in vitium forluna labier scqua ;
Nunc athletarum (tudiis, nunc arfit equorum ; 9^

Maimer is, aut eboris fabros, aut aeris amavit ;
Suipendit pidta vultum mentenique tabella ;
Nunc tibicinibus, nunc ed gavila tragoedis :
Sub nuince puella velut fi iuder^t infans^
Quod cupide petiit, matura plena reliquit. joo

Quid placet, aut odio eft, quod non mutabile credas ?
Hoc paces babuere bonae, ventique fecund!.

Romae dulce diu fuit ct folenne, rcclufa
Mane domo vigilarcj clienti promcrc jura 5
(a) Caulos nominibus ccrtis cxpendcrc nummos ; 105
Majores audire, minori diccrc, per quae
Crefcere res pofiet, minui damncxa libido.
Mutavit tnentem populus levis, et calet iino
Scriberidi ftudio : pueri patrefque feveri
Fronde comas vincti coenant, et carmina didant. 1 10
Ipfe ego, qui nuUus me affirmo fcribere verfus,
Invcnior rarthis mendacior ; ct prius orto
Sole vigil ; calamum ct chartas et fcrinia pofco.
Navem agere ignarus navis timet : abrotonum asgro
Non audet, nift qui didicit, dare : fij quod medi-
corum eft, li^

Promittunt medici : tra^ant fabrilia fabri :
Scribimus indodli do6tique poemata paflim*

Hie error tamen et levis hxc infania quantas I

Virtutes babeat, fie collige ; vatis avarus
Non teroere eft animus : verfus amat, hoc ftudetunum ;
Detrimenta, fugas fcrvorum, incendia ridet ; 121

Non fraudem focio pucrove incogitat ullam
pupillo; vivif filiquis, ct pane fecundo ;
Militise quanquam piger et malus, utilisurbi,
Si das hoc, parvis quoque rebus magna juvari ; 12^
Os tenerum pueri balbumque poeta Sgurat :
Torquet ab obfcacnis jam nunc fermonibus aurem ;
Mox etiam pe£kus praeceptis format amicis,
Afpcritatis ct invidise corjrcftor ct irae ; ...

fa) Scriptot nominibus re£b's,
(b) — - quod melicorum eft
Pnttiittiinc mclici. Benii,

ReSe

( a67 )

When firft Greece, her wars being over, began to
trifle, and thro' profperity to glide into folly; flic
glowed with the love one while of wreftlers, an-
other while of horfes ; was fond of artificers in marble,
or in ivory, or in brafs ; ..hung her looks and ^bole at-*
tention upon a pidture : was delighted now with mu-
ilcians, now with tragedians : as if an infant girl fhe
fported under the nurfe, foon cloyed Ihe abandoned
what before (he earneftly. defired. What is there that
pleafes. Or is odious, which you may not think muta-
ble ? This effe^ had happy times of peace and favour-
able gales of fortune.

At Rome it was long pleafing and cuftomary to be
up early with open doors, to expound the laws to
clients; lay out money cautioufly upon certainties;
to hear the elders, and to tell the younger by what
means their fortunes might increafe, and pernicious
luxury be diminiflied. The ihconftant people have
changed their mind, and glow with an univcrfal ar-
dour for writing ; young men and grave fathers fup
crowned with leaves, and didate poetry. I myfelf,
who affirm that 1 write no verfes, am Found more falfc
than the Parthians ; and, awake before the fun is rifen,
I call for my pen, and papers, and deik. He that is
ignorant of a fhip is afraid to work a fhip : none but
who has learnt the art^ dares adminifter even fouthern-
wood to the fick : phyficians undertake what belongs
to phyficians : mechanicks handle tools : but we, un-
learned and learned, promifcuoufly write poems.

Yet what advantages this error and this flight mad-
nefs has, thus compute : the poet's mind is not eafily
covetous : being fond of verfes, he ftudies this alone ;
he laughs at lofles, flights of flaves, fires ; he con-
trives no fraud againft his partner, or his young ward;
he lives on huflcs and brown bread ; tho'daftardly and
•unfit for war, he is ufefiil at liome, if you allow this,
that great things may derive afliftance from fmall ones.
Thepoet fafliions the child's tender andlifping mouth :
and turns his ear even at this time from obfcene Ian-
uage ; afterwards alfo he forms his heart with friend-
\y preceptSy the corredtor of his rudenefs, and envy,

M z and

g

( 268 )

Redtc fa6la refert ; oricntia tempora^notis .130

Inftruit cxcmplis ; inopem folatur et segrutn,
Caflis cum pueris ignari puella mariti
Difceretunde preces, vatem ni Mufa dedifTet?
Pofcit opem chorus, et praefentia numina fentit ;
Cocleftcs imploiat aquas do^a prece blandus; 13^
Aveitit morbosy metuenda pericula pellit ;
Impetrat et pacem, et locupletem frugibus annum.
Carmine di fuperi placantur, carmine IVIanes.

. Agri(^Iae prifci, fortes, parvoque beati,

Condita poft frumenta, levantes tempore fedo 140

Corpus et ipfum animum fpe finis dura ferentem, '

(a) Cum lociis operum puerjs et conjuge fida,

Tellurem porco, Silvanum lad^e piabant,

Floribus et vino Gfenium memorem brevis acvi.

jFefcennina per hunc (h) inventa licentia morem 145

Veriibus altemis opprobria ruftica fudit,

Libertafque recurrentes accepta per annos

Lufit amabilitej : donee jam fasvus apertam

In rabiem verti coepit jocus, etper honedas

Ire domos impune minax. doluere c men to z jO

Dente lacefliti : fiiit intaflis quoque cura

Conditione fuper comrauni : quin etiam lex

Poenaque lata, malo quae noUet cannine quemquam

Defcribi. vertere modum, formidine fudis

Ad bene dicendum deledandumque redadti. 155

Graepia capta ferum vi£h>rem cepit, et artes
Intulit agrelh Latio. tie horridus ille
Defluxit numerus Satumius, et grave virus
Munditiae pepulere : fed in longum tamen aevum
Manferunt, hodiequemanent, veftigiaruris. 160

(a) Cum focus operum, ct pueris. (b) Inve£la licentia, '^critL

Serus

( 269 )

and paffion ; he truly records events (or^ records vir-
tuous adtions) ; he inftrudls'the rifing age with ap-
proved examples ; comforts the indigent and the lick.
Whence fiiould the * virgin, ftranger to an hulband,
with the chafle boys, learn the folemn prayer, had
not the Mufe given a poet ? The chorus begs the di-
vine aid, and finds tne Gods propitious ; fweet in
learned prayer they implore the waters of the heavens ;
avert difeafes, drive off impending dangers ; obtain^
both peace, and years enriched with fruits. With
fong tne Gods abave are appeafed, ^\nthfong the Gods
below.

Our antient fwains, ftout, and happy, with a little,
after their grain was laid up, regaling with a ^eftiva!
feafon their bodies, and even their minds, patient of*
hardihips thro' the hope of their ending, with their'
flaves and faithful wife, the partners of their Irabowrs,
atoned with a hog the Goddefs Tellus, vvith milk Syl-
vanus, with flowers and wine the genius that rerninds
us of our (hort life. Indented by this cuftora the
Fefcennine licentioufncfs po\ircd forth its ruftic taunts
in alternate verfes ; and' this liberty, received doivn
through revolving years, fporit6 jpleaiingly : till at
length the bitter railery began to be turned into open
rage, and' threatening; vvith impunity, to l^afk ^firon.irh
reputable families. They thatfutfered {v^\\\ itsbl^* 'Iz
tooth fmarted with the pain : they too that were n ;-
hurt, were concerned fbr the common condition . /
all: ftirther alfo, z law and a penalty was ena6ied,
which forbad that anjr one fiiowfd be iligmatized in
lampoon. Thro' fi»r of the bafttnado, th^ were re-
duced to the neceffity of ehangiog tlifcir naaflaer, and
of praifini^ant! deiighttng.

Captive Greece took captive' her (tefee cttiitjueror,
and introduced her arts into rudie^ Latmm. Thus
flowed .off the rough* Satumian numbers, and'dfelica«-
cy expelled fhc rattk Vii^alence: but for albngtimc
thttfe remainerf, and at thi* day reHrtriW, fittie tl^ccs^
of rufticity* For late the Roman tvriter applied bis

♦ Alluding to the folmn performance-^)/ thefecular ode,

M 3 genius

(• 170 )

Serus enim Graecis admovit acumina chartis ; .

£{l pod Punica bella quietus quaerere coepit,

Quod Sophocles et Thefpis et ^fcbylus utile ferrent :

Tentavit quoque rem fi digne vertere poflet ;

£t placuit fibi, natura fublimis, et acer : 165

Nam fpirat tragicum fatis, et fellciter audet :

(ttj Sea turpem putat infcite metuitque lituram.

Creditur, ex medio quia res arcefEt, habere
Sudoris minimum ; fed habet Comedia tanto
Plusoneris, quanto veniae minus, afpice Flautus 170
Quo pa6io partes tutetur amantis ephebi,
Ut patris attenti, lenonis ut infidioii ;
Qiiantus fit Doflennus edacibus in paratitis ;
Quam non a(ln6to percurrat pulpita focco :
Gedit enim nummum in loculos demittere ; poft hoc
Securus, cadat, an redo flet fabula talo, 176

Quern tulit ad fcenam ventofo gloria curru»
Exanimat lentus fpcdtator, fedulus inflat :
Sic leve, fic parvum eft, animum quod laudis avarum -
Submit ac reficit ! valcat res ludicra (i me i8q

Palma negata macrum, donata reducit opimum.

Saepe etiam audacem fugat hoc terretque poetam ;
Quod numero plures, virtute et houore minores,
Indocti, lloliaique, et depugnare parati
Si difcordet eques, media inter carmina polcunt 18 j
Aut urfum aut pugiles ; (h) his nam plebecula gaudet.
/^c:^ V erum equi tis quoque j am IP igra V It ab au re voluptaSi
(d) Omnis, ad incertos oculos, et gaudia vana«
Q^atuor aut plures aulaea premuntur in horas ;
Dum fugiunt equitum turmac, peditumque catervae :
Mox trahiturmanibus regum fortuna retortis ; 191
EiTeda feftinant, pilenta, petorrita, naves ;
Captivum portatur ebur, captiva Coriathus*
Si roret in terris, rideret Democritus ; feu
Diverfum confuGi genus panthera camelo^ 19^

(a) Sed nirpem putat in fcriptis* (h) His nam plebecola piaudlt.* *
t) Veru^ equiti quoque^ Bind, (d) Omnis ad ingratos •culos, BentL

inceftosy Cwim,

Sivc

( 271 )

genius to the Grecian pages ; and enjoying reft after
the Punic wars, began to fearch what ufeful matter
Sophocles, and Thefpis, and ^fchylus afforded : he
tried too if he could with dignity tranflate their works ;
and pleafed himfelf in f/M €*venf^ heh^ by nature df a
genius fublime and f^rong : for he breathes a fpirit
tragic enough, and dares fuccefsfully : bntinjudicioufly
fears a blot, and thinks it difgraceFul in his writings.

Cotnedy is believed to require the lead pains, be-
caufe it fetches its fubjedt from common life ; but the
lefs indulgence it meets with, fo much the more la-
bour it requires. See in what manner Flautus fup*
ports the charade r of a lover under age, how that of
a covetous father, how that of a cheating pimp ; how
Dorfennus exceeds all meafure in his voracious para-
fites ; with how loofe and carekfs a fock he runs over
the ftage : for he is glad to put the money in his
pocket, after this, regardlefs whether his play (land
or fall.

Him, whom Glory in her airy car has brought up-
on the ftage, the carelefs fpedtator difpirits, the at-
tentive puffs up: fo light, fo fmall a matter it is,
which overturns or raiies a mind that is covetous of
praife ! Adieu the ludicrous bufinefs vf dramatic writ"
i/tgy if applaufe denied brings me back meagre, be-
ftowed miA^j me full of ftefli and fpirits. ..

This often too drives away and deters even an ad-
venturous poet ; that they who are in number more, in
worth and rank inferior, unlearned, and foolifti, and,
if the equeftrian order diftents, ready to fall to blows,
in the midft of the play call for either a bear or
boxers ; for in thefe the mob delight. Nay, even all
the pleafure of our knights now is transferred from the
ear to the uncertain eyes and their vain amufements.
The curtains are kept down for four hours or more,
while troops of horfe, and companies of foot flee o'er
the ftage: next is dragged forward the fortune of
kings with their hands bound behind them ; chariots,
litters, carriages, fliips huriy on ; captive ivory, cap-
tive Corinth is born along. Democritus, if he were
on earthy would laugh ; whether a panther, confufed

M 4 with

( 272 )

Sive elephas albus vnlgi converteret ora*

Spe6^aret populum ludis attentius ipfis,

Ut fibi prsebentem immo fpedtacula piura :

Scriptores autem Darrare putaret afelio

Fabellam furdo. nam qux perviacere voces 200

Evaluere fonum, referunt quern noftra theatra ?

Garganum mugireputes nemus, aut mare Tufbum ;

Tanto cum Hrepitu hidi fpe^tantur, et artes,

Divitiseque peregrinae ! quibus oblitus a£tor

Cum fletit in fcena, concurrit deztera^laevs. 20 j

Dixit adhuc aliquid ? Nil fane. Quid placet ergo ?

Lana Tarentino violas imitata veneao.

I* .
Ac ne forte putes, me, quas facere ipfe recu&m,
Cum re^e tra<Stent alii, laudare maligne :
Hie per extentum funem mihi poflevidetur 210

Ire poeta ; meum qui pe&us ina niter angit, '
Irritat, mulcet, faliis terroribus implet,
Ut magus ; et modome Thebis, modo ponit Atheuis*

• Verum age, et his, qui fe ledori credere tnaiuiit,
Quaffi fpe(£tatoris faftidia ferre fupferbi, 215:

(-a) Cur^m impende brevem \ fi munus Apolline dig««

num
Vis complere libris ; et vattbus addere calcar,
Ut ftudio maj[ore petant Helicona virentem.

Multa quidem nobis facimus mala fsepe poetie^
Ut vineta egomet c^am mea) cum tibi librum 220
Soiicito damus, aut feifo : cum laedimur, unum
Si quia atnicorum eft aufus reprendere verfum :
C um loca jam recitata revolvimus irrevocati : ^

Cum lamentamur non apparere labores
Noftros, et tenui dedu^a poeanal^a filo : zt%

Cum fperamus eo rem ▼eaturam, ut,; fimul atqoc

^^^ Curamredde brevem*

Carmina

( ^73 )
with the different fpecies of the camt), or whether a
white elephant attradted the eyes of the crowd. He
would view the people more attentively than the fports
themfelves, as affording him mope firabge fights than
the ador : and for the" writers, he would think they
told their ftory to a deaf afs. For what voices are
able to overbear the din which our theatres refound
with ? You would think the grove of Garganus, or the
Tufcan fea, was roaring ; with fo great noife are
viewed the ihews, and contrivances, and foreign
riches ! with which the a^or being daub'd o'er, as
foon as he appears upon the ^ge, each right hand
encounters with the left. Has he faidany thing yet ?
Nothing at all. What then pleafes the people f& much f
The cloth refembling the colour of violets, with the
dye of Tarentum.

And that you may not think I envioufly praife thofe
kinds of writing which I decline undertaking, though
others execute them well ; that poe: to me teems able
to walk upon an * extended rope; who with his
illations, grieves my foul, enrages, foothes, fills it
with falfe terrors, as an inchanter ; and fets me now
in Thebes, now in Athens.

But give a little attention to thofe too who had
rather truft themfelves with -a reader, than bear the
difdain of an haughty fpedator ; if you would fill with
books the Ihraryyou have ereBcd^ ivbich is an offering
worthy of Apollo ; and add an incentive to the poets,
that with greater eagernefs they may apply to verdant
Helicon.

We poets, 'tis true, (that I may prune my owii
vineyards) often do ourfelves -a great many mifchiefs,^
when we prefent a work to you while jw» are thought-
ful, or fatigued : when we are pained if any friend
has dared to find fault with one line : when, unaiked,
we read over again paffages already repeated : when
we lament that our labours do not appear, and our
poems fpun out in a fine thread : when we hope that
the thing will come to this, that as foon as you are

• Givii a dtJpifiUi proof of his skill.

Ms . ap-

( ^74 ).
Carmiaa refciem nos fingere, commodus ultro
Arceflas, et egere vetes^ et fcribere cogas.
Sed tamen eft operx precium cognofcerei quales
^dituos habeat belli fpedata domique 23 o

Virtus, indigno non committenda poets*
Gratu8 Alexandro regi Magno fuit ille
Chcerilus, incultis qui verfibus et male natis
Rettulit acceptos, regale numifina, Fhilippos.
Sed veluti tradtata notam labemque remittunt 23$
Atramenta, fere fcriptores carmine fsedo
Splendida fadta linunt* idem rex ille, poema
Qui tarn ridiculum tam care prodigus emit
£di6to vetuit, ne quis fe, praeter ApeUem,
Pingeret, aut alius faj Lyfippo duceret aera 240

Fortis Alexandri vultum (imulantia. quod fi
Judicium fubtile videndis artibus illud
Ad libros et ad hsec Mu£irum dona vocares,
Boeotum in craflb jurares aere natum.
At neque dedecorant tua de fe judicia, atque 24$
Munera, quae multa dantis cum laude tulerui^t,
Dile6ti tibi Virgilius Variufquepoetae ;
Neamagis exprefii vultus per adhenea iigna,
Quam per vatis opus mores animique virorum
Clarorum apparent, nee fermones ego mallem 250
Repentes per humum, quam res componere geftas,
Terrarumque fitus, et fiumina dicere^ et arces
Montibus impofitas, el barbara regna, tuifque
Aufpiciis totum confedta duella per orbem,
Clauftraque cuftodem pacis eohibentia Janum, 2^^
£t formidatam Parthis, te principe, Romam ;
$1 quantum cuperem, poflem quoque«fed neque parvum

(a) Lyfippo cudcret xra> Lamh»

Carmen

C 275 )
apprized that we are penping verfes, you will kindly
of yourfelf fend for us, and ^cure us from want, and
• oblige lis to write. But yet 'tis worth the while to
know, who (hall be the* prieils of your virtue figna-
lized in war and at home, which is not to be trufted
to an unworthy poet. A favourite with king Alexander
the great was that Choerilus, ^ ho to his uncouth and
ill-ifornQed verfes owed the many pieces he received of
f Philip's royal coin. But as ink when touched leaves
behind it a mark and a blot, fo writers in a manner
ftain Ihining adioii's by foul poetry. The fame king
who prodigally bought fo dear, fo ridiculous a poem,
by an edidt forbad that any one befides Apelles fhould
paint' him, or that any other than LyfippuS (hould
mould brafs for the likenefs of the valiant Alexander.
But fhould you call that faculty of his, fo delicate in
difcerning other arts, to jurige ^ books and ij/' thefe
^ifts of "the Mufes ; you would fwear he had been
born in the grofs air of the Boeotians. But neither
do Virgil and Variu^, your beloved poets, difgrace
your judgment of them, and the prefents, which they
have received with great honourto the donor ; nor do
the features of illuftrious men appear more lively ex-
prefled by ftatues of brafs, than their manners and
minds exprefled by the work of a poet. Nor would I
rather compofe ftich tra£^s as thefe creeping on the
ground, than record deeds of arms, and the iituations
of countries, and rivers, and forts reared upon moun-
tains, and barbarous kingdoms, and wars brought ta
'a conclufion thro* the whole world under your aufpi-
ces, and the barriers that confine Janus the guardian
of peace, and Rome dreaded by the Parthians, under
your government ; if I were alfo able to do as much

• i£ditiios*3 "S^^^ '^< -''"'^ when Auguftus had received divine
honoun^ our poet looked ii fan his aSions as th'ingi facatd. Bis virtue is
now become a Goddefs, anahfftha temple confecratea to her, andpotts^are
the guard'ans and priefis of its myfierles. Such is the meaning o/"aBdi-
tuos, and this the fuperlativejlate offiattery in the golden age o/' Roman
literature \

-f 9UeH of gM with Philip'i head upon tbem^ thence called Phi-
llppi.

M 6 as

( 276 )

Carmen majedas recipit tua ; nee mens audet
Rem tent are piidor, quam vires fcrre recufent.
Seduiitas autem flulte, (juem diligit, urget ; 26a

Praecipue cum fe numeris commendat et arte.
Difclt enimcitius^ meminitquelibentius illud

Suod quis deridet, quam quod probat et veneratur.
il moror ofHcium, quod me gra^vat : ac neque Sdso
In pejiis vultu proponi cereus iifquam, 26 j|

' Nee prave fadtis decorari verfibus opto :
Ne rubeam pingui donatus munere, et una
Cum fcriptore meo, capfa porre^s aperta,
Deferar in vicum vendentem thus et odores,
£t piper, et quidquid ^<iy/ chartis amicitur ineptis. 270

E P I S T O L A II.
AdJULIUMFLORUM.

Excu/andd/f^ quod nihil ad ilium fcripferit^ melius eje ]

declarat vitam qUam 'uerfus component

FLORE9 bono claroque fidelis amice Neroni,
Si quia forte velit puerum tibi vendere natum
Tibure vel Gabiisy et tecum fie agat : Hic et
Candidus, et talos a vertice pulcher ad imos,
Fiet eritque tuus nummorum millibus 06^0 ; ^

Verna mmifleriis ad nutus aptus heriles ;
Literulis Graecis imbutus, idoneus arti
Cuilibet : argilla (h) quidvis imitaberis uda ;
Quin etiam canet indofhim^ fed duke bibenti*

(a) Chartls amicitur inemptls. (h) Qutdvis Imitabhar

Multa

i. 277 )

as I could Willi, But neither does your Majefty admit
, of groveling poetry j nor dares my modefty attemjita
fubjeftwhicnmy ftrength is unable to fiipport. But
officioufnefs fooiiihly diigufts the perfon whom it loves ;
efpecially when it recommends itfelf by numbers and
the ZTi of ^vritingm For one learns fooner, and more
willingly remembers, that which a man derides , than
that which he approves and venerates* I value not
the zeal that gives me uneaiinefs : nor do I wifh to be
fet out any where in wax with a face formed for the
worfe, no^ to be celebrated in ill-compofed poetry :
left I blulh when prefented with the grofs gift, and,
expofed in an open box, along with my author, be
conveyed into the ftreet that fells frankincenfe and
fpices, and pepper, and whatever is wrapped up in
impertinent writings.

EPISTLE II.

To JXJLIUS FLORtJS.

In apologizing for not having nvritien to him, he JbenvT^
Uhat the weil-orderiftg ef life is of more imfortanc^
than the compofitiou ofverfesm

FIORIUS, thou faithful friend to the good and
illuftrious Nero, if by chance any one fhould
offer to fell you a boy bom at Tibur or Gabii, and
(hould treat with you in this manner : ** This hdyivho
•* it both good-natured, and well-favoured from head
** to foot, (hall become and be yours for * eight thou-
*' fand fefterces ; a domeftic flave ready in his attend-
** ance at his mailer's nod ; initiated in the Greek
•* language, of a capacity for any art : you may fhape
" out any thing with fuch moift clay : befides, he
** will fing in an artlefs manner, but yet entertaining,

• About fifij fmrnis^

•

< 478 )

Multa fidem promiiTa levanti ubi plenius aequo xo
Laudat venafes, qui vult extrudere, merces.
Res urget me nulla ; meo fum pauper in asre.
Nemo hoc mangoniim faceret tmi : non temere a me
Quivis ferret idem, feme! hie ceffavitj et (ut fit).
In fcaiis iatuit metuens pendentis habenae. 15

Des nummos, excepta nihil te fi fuga Isedit.
Ille ferat precium, poenae fecurus, o^inor.
Frudens emiHi viciofum': di6ta tibi ef^ lex.
Infequeris tamen hunc, et lite moraris iniqua.

Dixe me pigrum proficifcenti tibi, dixi 20.

Talibus oificiis prope mancum : nemea faevus
Jurgares ad te quod epiftola nulla veniret. '

Quid turn profeci, mecum facientia jura
Si tamen attentas ? quereris fuper hoc etiam, quod
Exfpedtata tibi non mittam carmina mendax. 25

Luculli miles coUefta viatica mnltis
^rumnis,. laflus dum no£hi ftertit^ ad aifem
Perdiderat : poft hoc vehemens lupus ^ et fibi et hofii
Iratus pariter, jejunis dentibus acer,
PracHdiam regale loco dejecit, ut aiunt, 30

Summe munito, et multarum divite rerum.
Clarus ob id factum, donis ornatur honeflis,
Accipit et bis dena fuper feflertia nummum.
Forte fub hoc tempus, caftellum evertere praetor
Nefcio quod cupienSy hortari coepit eundem 35

Verbis, quae timidb quoque poiieot addere nientem

1.

I bone.

(^79)

** o'er a glafs of wine. Lavifli promifes lefflcn credit,
" when any one cries up extravagantly the wares he
** has for fale, which he wants to put off. No emer-
** gency obliges me to difpofe of him : tho* poor, I
*' am in nobody's, debt. None of the chapmen would
* ' do this for you : nor ihould every body readily re-
** ceive the fame a favour from me. Once indeed he
** \o\Xtx*^ofianerr(ind\ and (as it generally happens)
<* abfconded, being a^id of the lafli that hangs in
** the* ftair-cafe. Give me your money, if this run-
^* away trick, which I have excepted, does not offend
** you." In my opinion, the man may take his price,
and he fccure from any legal puniftiment : you. wit-
tingly purchafed a good-for-nothing 6oy : the condi-
tion of the contrad was told you. Neverthelefs you
profecute this man, and detain him in an unjuft (uit.

I told you, at your fetting out, that I was indolent ;
I told you 1 was in a manner incapable of fuch offices :
that you might not chide me in an angry mood, on ac-
count that no letter from me came to hand. What
then have I profited, if you notwithflanding arraign
the very conditions that make for me } On the fame
fcore too you complain, that lam worfe than my word,
and do not fend you the verfes you expected.

A foldier of I^ucullus's having run through a great
many hardfhips, was robbed of his flock to a .penny,
as he lay fnoring in the night quite fatigued : after
this, like a ravenous wolf, equally exafperated at him-
feif and the enemy, eager with his hungry fangs, he
beat off a royal guard from a poft, as they report,
very flrongly fortify'd, and well fupplied with military
flores. Made famous for this exploit, he is crown'd
with honourable rewards, and receives twenty thou-
fand feflerces into the bargain* It happened about
this time, that .this officer, being inclined to batter
down a certain fort, began to encourage the fame
foldier, with words that might even hav« given cou-
rage to a coward : ^' Go, my brave fellow, whither

* The whip tvat hung on thtfiair'caft to he always Before the eyes
oJtb§Jlavesj that they might fee the confe^uenet oftffendingt

" your

( a«o )

I bone, quo virtus tua te vocat ; i pede faufio,
Grandia laturus meritorum praemta. qjiiid ftas ?
Pod haec illc'catus, quantumvis rudicus : Ibit,
Ibit eo» quo vis, qui zonam perdidit, itiquit. 40

Rotnse nutriri mihi contigit atque doceri
Iratus Gratis quantum nocuilTet Achilles, ^
Adjecere bonac paulo plus artis Athens :
Scilicet ut pofleiQ curve dignQfcere reftum,
Atque inter filvas Academi quxrere verum. 45

Dura fed etnovere loco me tempora grato ;
Cfvilifque rudem belli tulit aeftus in arma,
Caefaris Augufli non refponfura lacertis.
Unde limul primum me dimilere Philippi,
Decifis humilem pennis, inopemque patemi 50

£t laris et fundi, paupertas impulit audax
Ut verfus facercm : fed, quod non defit, babentem,
Quse poterunt unquam fatis expurgare cicutae,
Ni melius dormire putem, quam fcribere verfus ?

Singula de nobis anni pracdantur euntcs ; gg

Eripucre jocos, veneremfwconvivia, ludum ;
Tendunt extorquere poemata, quid facia m vis ?

Denique non omnes eadem mirantur amantque* '
Carmine tu gaudes : hie dele6^atur iambis ;
Die Bioneis fermonibus, et fale nigro, Sm

Trcs mihi convivae prope diflentire videntur,
Pofcentes vario multum diverfa palato. r

Quid dem ? quid non dem ? (a) renuis quod tu, jubet

alter : '
Quod petis, id fane eft invifum aciduii(ique duobus.

Practer caetera, me Romaene poemata cenfes 6j
ScriberepofTe, inter tot curas totque lab^cs ?

. (^«^IUaait tUy q^uodt

Hie

" your valour calls you ; go, with profpcrous ftep, ia
M order to receive the ample rewards or ypur merit :
" Why do you'hefitatc ?** Upon this he archly, tho*
a mere ruftic : He w^o has lou his purfe may march
to whatever auack yqu pleafe, &ys he*

ft was my lot to he educated at Rome, and to he
in{lru£ted/r^i^.^^ iZ;W how much the exafperaied
Achilles .prejudiced the aaufe of the Greeks. Ingenu-
ous Athens gave me fome additional learning : that is
to fay, to be able to diftinguiih a right line from a
curve, and ieek after truth in the groves of * Acade*
mus. But the . troubleibme times removed me from
tfa^t pleafi^nt fpot ; and ihe tide o£ a civil war carried
me away unexperieoced. «» / wasy into arms, inte
arms not likely to be z^ match for the finews of Au-
guftus Csefar. From whence, as foon as the hattU of
Philippi difmilTed me, in an abjed condition with my
wings dipt, and deftitute both of houfe and land,
daring poverty urged me on to the composition of
verfes : but, now having more than is wanted, what
medicines would be efficacious enough, to cure my
madnefs, if I. did not think it better to reft, thaa to
WTite verfes .^

The advancing years rob us of every thing ; they
have taken away my mirth, my gallantry, my revel-
lings, and play ; they now are proceeding to force
poetry from. me. What would you have me do ?

Inihort, all |>er£ba9 do not laT& smd ^dmira the
fame . things. You delight in the 94e: he is |>}eaied
with iambicks \ another with fatires written in the
manner of fiion, and virulent . wit. Three guefts
fcarcely can be fond 'to agree <« tafte^, craving very
different difhes with various palate. What Siall I
give ? What (hall I notgiye? You forbid what an-
other infifts on : what you qelire,^ that truly is four and
difguftful to the other two.

Befides other difficuhief^ dvyou think it pra^aUe
for me to write poems at iRome, amidft fo many fbli-

* A'weahhy Athenian, luho Uft to the philofophers a fine houfe at
Atheni; adorned with a wagnficent gallery ^ a number of Jiatues^ and
books t with a beautiful Urge park planted w'th tr-ces,

citudety

( 282 )

Hie fponfum vocat, hie auditum fcripta relidtis

Omnibus oificiis : cubat hie in coIleQuirini,

Hie extreme in Aventino ; vifendus uterque.

Intervalia vides humarie conimoda. Verum 70

Putae funt platese, nihil ut meditantibus obdet.

Feftinatcahdus mulis genilifque redcmptor ;

Tor<]^uet nunc hpidcih^nxthc ingens niachiiia tignum :

Triftia robuftis lu6tantur fiinerapla^uftris : '

Hac rabiofa fogit eanis, hae lutulehta ruit fasi 75

I nune, et verfus teeum meditare cai^oros.

Scriptorum ehorus omnis amat nemus, et fiigit urbes,

Rite cliens Bacehi fomno gaudentis et umbra.

Tu me inter flrepitus no6turnos at que diurno.s

Vis canere, et faj cundata fequi veftigia vatum ? 80

fij Ingenium, fibi quod vacuas defumfit Athienas,

£t ftudiis annos feptem dedit, infehuitque

Libris et curis, ilatua taciturnius exit

Plerumque, et rifu populum quatit : hie ego rerum

Flu£i:ibtis in mediis, et tempeftatibus Urbis, 85

Verba lyrae motura fonum connedlere digner ?

/cj Frat^r crat Romae cbnfulti rhetor ; tit alter
Alterius fermbne meros audiret honores : ^
Gracchus ut hie illi foret, ("Jj hie ut Mucius ilK.
fej Qui minus argutos vexat furor ifte poetas ? 9a
Carmina compono, hie elegos ; mirabile vifu,
^/9'Caelatumque novem Mufis opus, afpice primum,
Quantp cum'faftu, quanto molimine circuroj «
Spe^tenius'vacuam Romanis vatibus aedcili-
Mox etiam (ii forte vaeas) fequ^re, et procul audi, 95

• ■ - « •

faj Contra^*— cin^ta. '^

Kofl taffca fequi vcftigia^ j9^</.
cvn^ta^ Cunn, ...
(l>) Ingenium fibi qui vacuas defumfit Atheiias

Ut ftudiis annos feptum dedit,. Cunn,
(c) Padbs erat Romae coafulro riictof. BtntU
^i/; Huicut Mucius ille, L«»*. - ' . » '

('t) Qui minus argutos ycriat» F^.
. U) Sacmumque noTsm Mufis^ BwA.

Quid

T

( a83 ) .

citudes, and fo many fatigues ? One calls me as his
fecurity, another to hear his works, all bufinefs elfe
apart ; one lives on the mount of Quirinus ; the other
in the extremity of the Aventine ; yet both muft be
waited on. The diftances between them, you fee,
«r^' charmingly * commodious. " But the flreets are
" clear, fo that there can be no obftacle to the thought-
•* ful."— — A builder in heat hurries along with his
mules and porters : the machine whirls along at one
time a ftone, at another a great piece of timber : the
difitiai funerals difpute the w^iy with- the unwieldly
carriages ; here runs a mad dog, there ruflies a fow

begrimed with mire. Go now, and meditate with

yourfelf your harmonious verfes. All the whole choir
of poets love the grove, and avoid cities, due votaries
to Bacchus delighting in repofe and (hade. Wou'd
you have me, amidfl fo great noife both by night and
day, attempt to fing, and trace the .difficult footfteps
of the poets ? ■ A genius who has chofe out the
quiet Athens for his rejidence^ and has devoted feven
years to ftudy, and has grown old in books and (ludy,
frequently walks forth more dumb than a flatue, and
ihakes the people's fides with laughter : hit here in
the n)idft of the billows and tempefls of th^ city, can ^
I be thought capable to connect words fit to wake the
found of the lyre ?

At Rome there was a rhetorician, brother to a
lawyer; fo fond of each other ivere they that they
wou'd hear nothing but the mere praifes of each
other : infomuch that the latter appeared a Gracchus
to the former, the former a Mucius to the latter.
Why fhou*d this frenzy affe£t the obftreperous poets
in a lefs degree ? I write odes, another elegies ; a work
wonderful to behold, and burnifli'd by the nine Mufes.
Obferve firft, with what a feftidious air, with what
importance we furvey the temple of ApoUo vacant for
the Roman poets. In the next place you may follow*
(if you are at leifure) and liflen what each produces,

• Ironicalfy^fer thefe two maunts were at the northern and fmtbern
extremes ofKame,

and

r

( iH )

Quid ferat, et quare fibi neAat uterque coronatn.

CcdiiQur, ec totidem plagis confumimus hoflem,

Lento Samnites ad lumina prima duello.

Difcedo Alcaeos pun^o iilius ; ille meo quis ?

Quis, nifi Callimachus ? iiplus adpofcere vifus ; loo

Fit MimneitnuSy et optivo cognomme crcfcit.

Muita fero, ut placem genus irritabile vatum.

Cum fcribo ; et fupplex poputi fuffragia cap to :

Idem, fmitifl fiudiis, et mente recepta,

Obturem patuias impune legentibus ayres. X05

Ridentur thala ^ui componunt carmioa : verum
Gaudent icribentes, et fe venerantur, et ultro,
Si taceas, laudant ; qiiidquid icripfere, beat!*
At qui legitimum cupiet feciffe poema.
Cum tabuiis animum cenforis lumet honefii : x xo

Audebit quaecunque parum fplendoris habebunt,
£t fiae pondere erunt, et honore indigna ferenturi
Verba movere loco ; quamvis invita recedant,
£t verfentur adhuc intra penetralia Vefts :
Obfcurata diu populo bonus eruet, atque x 1 5

Profcret in lucem fpeciofa vocabula rerum.
Quae prifcb memorata Catonibus atque Cethe^^s,
JTunc fitus informis premit et dei'erta vetufhis ;
Adfcifcet nova, quae genitor produxerit ufus :
VehemenSy etliquidus, puroque fimillimus amni, x 20
Ftmdet opes, Latiumque beabit divite lingua :
Luxuriantia compefcet : nimis afpera fano
Levabit cuhu : virtute carentia toilet :

Lud^fitif

( »8S )

and wherefore each weaves for himfelf the laurel
crown. Like * Samnite gladiators in flow duel, till
candle-light, we are beaten and wafte outthe enemy
with equal blows* 1 come ofifAlcsu^, in-hts fuffrage ;
he in mine, who ? WTf^ who, but Callimachus ?- Or^
ifhefeemsto make a greater demand; he becomes
' Mimnermus, and grows' in fame by the chofen ap- ,
pellation. Much do I endure, in order to pacify this'
paffionate race of poets, when I am writing; and
fubmiflive court theapplaufe of the people : out hav-
ing finiflied my ftudies and recovered my fenfes, I the
fame man can now boldly ftop my open ears againit
reciters.

Thofe who make bad verfes are laughed at : but
they are pleafed in writing, and reverence themfelves,
and, if you are filent, they fall to praifioe of their
own' accord ; happy, whatever be their performance.
But he who defires to execute a genuine poem, will
with his papers aiTume the fpirit of an honefl: critick :
whatever words flxall have wA little clearnefs and ele-
gance, or ihali be without weight, and be held un-
worthy of edimation, he will dare to (fifplace ; tho*
they may recede with relu&ance, and flill remain ia
the fan6tuary of* Vefta : thofe that have been long hid
from the people he kindly will drag forth, and bring
to light thofe expreffive denominations of things, that
were ufed by the Catoes and Cethegufes of ancient
times, tho' now deformed duil: and neglected age refi;
ilpon them : he'll adopt jpiew words, which ufe, the
parent of language, ihaJl produce : forcible, and per-
Ipicuous, and bearing the utmoft fimilitude to a tim*

?id ilream, he*il pour out his treafures, and enrich
«atium with a compreheniive language : the luxuriant
he'll lop : the too harih he'll polim with afeniible cul*.
tivation ; thofe void of -expreffion he'll difcard : he'll
exhibit the appearance of one at play ; and will be,

• The Sitanke gladiators ufed to fight with foils for the entertain-'
ment ofiuhe guefis atfubper time,

f The Penetralia Veftae were only to^ be entered by the high pricfi :
in allifion to which Horace humorw/ly makes the poet's clofu his
fan£tum fan^torum.

in

( 2t86 )

. Ltidentis fpcdcm dabit ; et torquebilur, ut qui
Nunc Satyrum, nunc agreftem Cyclopa movetuf. 145

Praetulerim fcriptor dclirus incrfque videri,
Dum mea deledtent mala me, vel de&ique fallant,
Quam fapere, et ringi. CaJ fuit haud ignobilis Afgus,
Qui fe credebat miros audire tragccdos,
In vacuo latus feflbrplauforque theatro : 13d

Caetera qui vitas fervaret munia rc^to
More ; bonus fane vicinus, amabilis hofpes,
C'omis in uxoi*em, pofTet qui ignofcere fervls,
£t figno laefo non infanire lagence :
PoiTet qui rupem, et puteura vitare patentem. 15 j;
Hie ubi cognatorum opibus curifque refe^lus,
Expulit elleboro morbum bilemque meraco,
Et redit ad fefe : Pol me occidiftis, amici,
Non fervaftis, ait ; cui fie extorta voluptas,
Et demtus per vim mentis gratilfimus error* 240

Nimirum fapere eft abj^^is utile liugis,
Et tempeftivum pueris concedere ludum :
Ac non verba iequi fidibus moduianda Latinis,
Sed verae numerofque modofque edifcere vitse,
Quocirca mecum loquor haec, tacitufqlie recorder :
Si tibi nulla fitim finiret copia lymphae, 146

Narrares medicis. quod quantoplura parafti,
Tanto plura cupis, nulline faterier audes ?
Si vulnus tibi monflrata radice vel herba
Non fieret levius ; fugeres radice vei herba 150

Proficiente nihil curarier. audieras, cui
Rem Di donarent, illi decedere pravam
Stultitiam ; et cum fis nihilo fapientior ex quo
Plenior es, tamen uteris monitoribos ifdem ?
At fi divitiae prudentem reddere polTent, 155

(a) Fuit haxid ignobliis Ar^gls.

Si

in his iwoention^ on the rack, like dancer on the fiage^
who one while afiedts the motions of a Satyr, at an-
other of a clumfy H3yclop8.

I had rather be efteemM a foolifli and dull writer,
while my follies pleafe nayfelf, or at Jeaft efcape my
notice, than be. wijTe, an4 (mart for it* There lived
at AfgQs^ man^pf no inconfiderable rank^ who imagin*
ed that he was hearing ytf/v^ admirable tragedians, a
joyful fitter and applauder in an empty theatre : who
neverthelefs couM fupport the oth/er duties of life in a
jull manner ; a truly honeft neighbour, amiable for «
his hofpitality, kind towards his wife, one who cdu'd
pardon his flaves/^r a /mall faulty nor wou'd rave at the
breaking of a bottle-feal :• on'^^^yrh^ohq4f€nfe emttgh
to avoid. a, precipice,, or an open weiU This maidt
being cured at the expence, and by the care of his re*>
lations, when < he had voided by the means of pure
hellebore the diforder and melancholy humour, and
retur'd to himfeif : by heav'ns, my friends, faid he,
you have deHroyd, not favM me ; to rob me. thus of
my pleafure, and take from me by force fuch a n»oft
agreeable delufion of mind. ,

In a word, it is of the firft.confequence to be wife
in the reje6tion of trifles, aqid leave cMldiJfh play tx^
boys for whom it is in feafon ; and not to fcan wordd
to be fet to mufic for the Roman harps, hut rather ta
be perfectly an adept in the numbers and proportions
of real life. Thus therefore Icoflunune with myf^f,
and ponder thefe things iq. filenqe : *f If no quantity
** of water wou'd put an end to your third, you wou'd
** tell it to 3rour phyficians. *And is there none to
** whom you dare confefs, that the more you get, the
'* more you crave ? If you had a wound, which was
** not relieved by a plant or root prefcribed to you ;
** you would refine being dodtor'd with a root or plant
** that did no good. You had heard that vicious folly
** left the man, on whom the Gods conferM wealth ;
** and tho* you are nothing wifer, fince you were
** richer, will you neverthelefs ufe the fame monitors,
" as before ? But if riches could infaB make you wife,
^^ if they cou'd make you lefs covetous and mean-

" ipirited ;

. (, a88 )

Si cupidum timidunique minus tt, netnpe ruberes,
Viverct in terris it fi quis avarior uno. •

■ • • r - , . ■ , ;

Si proprium eft, quod quis. {aj libra merc^tus et
aere eft, * - •' '

Qusedam (ft cre^^ confultis) inancipat ufud : '
Qui te pafcit ager, tuus eft 5 ct viliicus Ofbi, - 160
Cum fegetes' ocoat ^3^ tibi lii'ox frumcnta datura^',
Te dominum fentit. das ntimaios ;' aecipis iivanii |j|
PulloS) ova, cadum temeti : nempe modo ifto .
Faulatim mercaris agrum, fortaiTe trecencis,
Aut etiam fupra, nummorum millibus eititutn.^ 165
Quid refert, vivas numerato nuper, an blim ?
Emtor Aricini quondam, Veientis et arVi,
Emttim eoenat bhis, quamvis aliter putat ; emtis
Sub noctem gelidaiA lignls calefa^tat aheniim..
Sed vocat uiquefuum, quapopulus adfita certis .170
LimitibusYf)'viciria reftgit jurgia j fanquam <
Sit pFOprium quidquam, pun€^o quodmobilishorae,
N«n prece, nunc predo, nunc vl, fiij nunc naorte

fupretnd »

Permut^t dominos, jet <*edfit in altera jura.
Sic, quia perpetuus nulli datur uftis, et hercs ■ t7S
fi) Heredim alterius, velut unda fupeivenit tindam ;
^ki vid proiunt, aut horrea ? quidve Calabris
Saltibus adje£li Lucani ; fi metit Orcus
Grandia cuni parviv, non exorabitis auro ?

Gemmas, mdrmdr, ebur, Tyrrbena iigilla,^ tabella^,
Argentvim^ Wftbs GfttUio mui-tcetinidas,' i%i

^nt qui non habeatit ; eft qui non curat habere. '
Cur alter fratrum oeftare, et ludere, et ungi

rt

fa) Libra meicatuff et TnCm {h) Tibi aiox frumenta ^aturus,

^f ) Vicina refttsit ivrgiA* 1 /(^ None forte lupfcma,
(ej HeredanaUernuv ^enth ,

• 1

Prxferat

■( 289 )

^* fpirited, * you well might bluih, if there lived on
** earth one more avaritious than yourfelf."

If that be any man's property, which he has
bought by the pound and penny, and there be fome
things to which (if you give credit to the lawyers)
polfeirion gives aclaim : t^cn the field, that feeds you,
is your own ; and Orbius*s fleward, when he harrows .
the arable land, whereof he is foon to give you th«
fruits, finds you are in tffcH the proper m after. You
give your money ; upon 'vjhich you receive grapes, pul-
lets, eggs, a hogfliead of ftrong wine : certainly ia
this manner yo\i by little and little purchafe that farm,
for which, perhaps, themvner paid three hundred
thoufand felterces, of more. AVhat does it fignify
whether you live on what w^s paid for t'other day,
or a long whileago? He who purchafed the Aricinian
and Veientian fields fome time fince, fups on bought
vegetables, however he thinks othervvife ; nay^ he boils
his pot with bought woocl at the approach of every
chill evening. But he calls all that his own, as far as
where the planted poplar prevents quarrels amongft
neighbours by a determinate limitation : as if any
thing were a man's property, which in a moment of
the fleeting hour, now by folicitations, now fale, by
^ violence at another time, and no\yby thefupreme lot
of aU men^ may change mafiers, and come into an-
other's jurifdidion. Thus, fince the perpetual poflef-
fion is given to none, and ohe man*s heir urges on
another*s^ as wave impels wave; of what importance
are houfes or granaries ? Or what the Lucanian pafturc
•joined to the Calabria n 5 if death, inexorable to a
bribe, mows down the grand together with thefmalU
Gems, marble, ivory> Tufcan fiatues, pi6hires,
filver plate, robes died with Getulian purple, there
are who cannot acquire ; and there are others, who
are not folicitous of having. Of two brother's, why
one prefers lounging, pl^y* ^^^ perfume, e*ven to

* If ivifdom and goodnefs u'ere the conje^tlence of great pofftjiois^
cozetw/ziffi ivou*d thin it a virtue^ ^

Vol. II. N Herod's

{ 2gQ )

Pracfcrat Hcrodis palmetispkiguibus; "alter

Dives et importunus, ad umbram lucis ab ortu i3j

Silvcftrem flamniis ct ferro mitiget aj^rum ;

Scit Genius, natale comes qui temperat aftruro,

Naturae deushumanx, moriaiis in unum. -

Quodque caputs vultu mutabilis, albus, et aten

Utar, et ex modico, quantum respofcet acervo 190
Tqllam : nee metuain, quidde me judicet heres.
Quod non plura datis invenerit. et tamen idem
Scire volam, quantum fimplex hilarifque nepoti
DifcFcpet, et quantum difcordet parcusavaro.
Diftat enim, fpargas tua prgtiigus, an neque fumtum
Invitus facias, neque plura parare labores ; 196

Ac potius, puer ut feftis Quinquatribus olim^
Exiguo gratoque fruaris tempore raptim.

/'rt^Pauperics immunda procul procul abfit. ceo, utrum
Nave ferar magna an parva ; ferar unus et idem. 200
Non agimur tumidis velis Aquilone fecundo:
Non tamen adverfis aetatem ducimus Auflris.
Viribus, ingenio, fpecic, virtute, loco, re,
Extrcmi primoium, extremis ufque priores*

Non es avarus : abi. quid? cactera jam iimul ido
Cum vitio fugere ? caret tibi pedtus inani 206'

Ambitione f caret mortis formidineet ira?
Sbmnia, tcrrores magicos, miracula, fagas, , ! '
No£lurnos lemures, portentaque Theffala rides ?
Natale s grate numeras ? ignoicis amicis ? ' '"[jii.o

/tij Paupfrics immunda domvs procoK

^^

tcnior

( a^i )

* Herod's rich palm-tree groves ; why the other, rich
and uneafy, from the riling of the light to theeveniRg
fliade fubdues his woodland with fire and fleet : our
attendant genius heft knows, who governs the planet
of our nativity, the divinity tbatprrfides over humaa
nature, who dies with each individual, of various
complexion, white and black.

V\\ freely ufe, and take' out from my moderate
(lock, as much as my exigence demands : nor will I
be under any appreheniions of what x>pin]on my heir
fhall be concerning me, when he fhall find I have left
him no more than I had given me. And yet I, the
fame man, (hall he inclined to know how far an open
and cbearful perfon differs from a debauchee, and now
greatly the oeconomill: differs from the mifer. For
there is ^ great diftindlion, whether you throw away
your money in a prodigal manner, or make an enter-
tainment without grudging, nor toil to accumulate,
more; or rather, as formerly in f Minerva's holidays,*
when a fchool boy, you enjoy by flarts the fhort and
pleafant vacation.

Let fordid poverty be far, very far away. I, whe-
ther carried in a large or fmall veffel ; let me be
borne uniform and the fame. I am not /We^^ wafted
with fwelling fail before the north wind blowing fair.:
however 1 do not bear my courfe of life againfl the
adverfe fouth. In force, genius, ngure, virtue, fla-
-tion, eflate, the laft of the firfl-rate, yet flill before
thofe of the laflv

You are not covetous, you fay : — Go to. — ^^Vhat
then ? Have the reft of. your vices fled from you to-
gether with this ? Is your breafl free from vain ambi-
tion ? Is it void of the feat of death, and free horn.
anger ? Can you laugh at dreams, magic terrors,
wonders, witches, nocturnal goblins, and ThefTaliaa
prodigies ? Do you number your birth-days with a
gratetul mind ? Are you forgiving to your friends t

* Judea ivnifcimms J<.r its woodt ef palmy from ^Mbencc Herod
derived a t//»/? rneni'c,

+ Tbis feflial was celebrated from the i^th to th^ 2^d of Mar Jik,

N 2 !>•

( 292 ) .

Ttcmor et melior fls accedentc fene^a ?

('a J Quid te excmta juvat fpinis de pluribus una ? "

Viverc fi reftcnefcis, decede pcritis.

Lfufidi fads, edidi fads, atque bibiHi :

Tempus abire tibi ell : ne potum largius aequo 215

Rideat ^t pulCet ('Bj laiicivji decentius £tas.

(a) .Quid te exemt^ levat. Bend^

(b) Lafciva liceauus xfas.

Q. HORA-

I

C 293 )

Do you grow mi)der and better as old age approaches f
What profits you only one thorn eradicated out of
many? If you do not know how to live in a right
manner, make way for thofe that do. YouJjave play'd
enough, eat and drank enough : '^tis time for you to
walk off; left, having drank too plentifully, that age
which plays the wanton with more propriety, fhould ^
ridicule and beat you q^ the ft age ^

Nsj

no;

( 294 )

Q^ HORATII FLACCI

DE ARTE POETICA

L I B E R.

Ad PISONES.

HUMANO capki cerrkem pidor equmam
Jungere fi vcltt, et (a) varias inducere pluma^^
\Jndique collatis (h) CDembriS) ut turpiter atrum

Definat

(a) Varias indacere pennas.

(b) Mcmbris \ aut turpiter atrum* Smkxdm.

* nonctf iuihiseekhraiidduLaicjkom, ilgraOiy obliged f Axii
ftotk*/ art of poetryfWhichf btwtverf be bis hupr^ved upon^ notwitb*
ficmding Scaliger cah it an art ^in^ittcn vnAma ttrt. Mr, Pope Hrinks
Aif^mnt ofwuthodabecutfyi

&race ftill charms widi ffWcML aegligeiic^
AAd withoat mctliod tub m lato fctfc %

wm

{ ^95 J

HO R A C E's

BOOK

ITP O N THE.

*ART OF POETRY,

To the t P I S O E S.

IF a painter (hould form a defign of uniting -a
horfrs neck to a human head, and, fpread a va-
riety of plumage over limbs gf different animals taken
from, every pa«t rf nature^ fo that what is a beautiful

VfMk like a liriend fagoillarly convey

The traeft nocibat in the eafieft way.
htr^ Kurd, in his commentary^ endeavours to paint out a method^ thm is
aSuaijy ohfirved, ** Tbefu^eS of this piece being f as I ftfppofiy one,
** vw, the fiate of the Roman drama, and common finfe rtquirngy
^ even in the frecji firms of coaipefiHon, fime kind of mtxhoAy the in-
** teWgent reader nviU not he furprts^ed to find the pott pi'oftcutit^ his
** fuhjeS in a regular weiU ordered plan."

f Pifo ihefaAor and his two fins, fame of the mo/l Uhtfirimts per^
foMgts in Rome> eminent fir learning themfttves, and great encouragers "
of it in others^

N 4 woman

( 296 )

Definat in pifccm mulier formofa fuperne ;
Spe£latum admifli rifum teneatis amici ? ^

Credite, Pifones, \Ai tabulae fore librum
. Ferfimiiem, cujus, veiut aegri fomnia, vanae
Fingentur fpecies : ut nee pes, nee caput uni
Reddatur formx. Piftoribus atque poetis
Quidlihet audendi femper fuit aeque potefU«« lo

Scimus. et banc veniam petimufque damufque viciffioi;
Sed non ut placidis coeant immitia ; non ut
iSerpentes avibus geminentur, tigribus agni.

Incoeptis gravibus plerumquc ct magna profefiis,
Furpureus, late qui fplendeat, unus et alter 15

AlTuitur pannus ; cum lucus, et ara Diana?^
£t properantis aquae per amoenos ambitus agros,
Autflumen Rhenum, aut^jluvius defcribitur arcus.
Sed nunc non erat his locus : et fortalTe cupreifum
Scis iimulare : quid hoc^ fi Yra£iis enatat exfpes 10
Navibus, acre dato qui pingitur? amphora c^epit
.Inflituti : currente rota, cururceus exit?
(a) Denique fit quidvis fimplex duntaxat et unum»

Maixima pars vatum, pater, et juvenes patre dignt,
Pecipimur fpecie reSi. brevis eile.laboro,> aj

Obfcufus fio : f^J fedtantem lenia, nervi,
rDefictunt animique: proffe£[usi^nrnili% turnet:
Serpithumi, tutys mmimvy tia)idu£|iie procsUce :

(tj Denique lit f^vif. (ij StSaatm l«ri»>

Qtti

• Bcu^hs 0/ cyprefs.wef'e canted in fuMral^roceffionSf and plaeei ht^
fore the hoitfu of /he great ufon particuUr occaJions4>J forrowf £c non
plcbelos lu^us teitata cuprefluS| Lvcak. \^ painUr, mght-by Jrt-^

qucm

( a97 • )

woitian in the upper parte, terminate u&fightly in ah
ugly filh below ; cou*d you, my frieadi, refrain from
laughter, wore you admitted tofuch^ a fight? Believe
me, ye Pifoes, the book will be perfedly like fuch a
pidture, the ideas 'of which, in tne manner of afick
' man's dreams, are all vain and fictitious : fothat nd-
ther head nor foot can be reduced to a«y udiformity.
\Btt* poets and painters (you^dfay) have ever had ah
equ'al authority of attempttnfi; any thing, We are
confcious' of this, and this privilege we demand and
allow reciprocally : but not to fuch a degree that the
tame fliould ^oeiate with tlie favage; nor. that fer-
pents fhould be coupled with birds, lambs with tygers.

Inpom|K)us introdu^^ons, and fuch as promifen
great deal, it gvenerally happens, that one or two
verfes of purple patchwork, that may make a great
ihew, are tagged to thi ^otk ; and -when -the grove,
and the altar of Diana,' and the meandrii^ cf a air-
rent kaftemng through pleafant fields, or the river
Rhine, or the rainbow is defcribed^ But Jbere there
was no room for the(e^ne things: perhaps too you
know how to draw a ^cyprefs : Init, what is that to
the purpofe, if he who is to he painted for the given
price is to be rcprefented at fwimming hopelefs out of a
fhipwreck ^ \ h large ciftern at firft ^ was deftgn'd :
why as the wheel revolves, turns out a litde picchen?
•In a word, ha your fubjed what it will, let it be- mere-
\y fimple and uniform*

A great majority of us poets, father, antf youth sr
worthy fuch a father, are milkd by the appearance of
right. I labour to be concife, and Jo I become ob-
fciire : nerves and fpirit are apt to fail him that aims
at the eafy : one that pretends tp be fiiblime, proves
bombaflical : he that is too cautious and fearful of the'
ilorm, crawls along the gipund: he who wants to vary

^uent praSlct excel in drawing a tnty for which there was fuch a de*
mandy and he therefore ahfut dij detcrmtnts tofh.w his skill uj^on all 0c*
cq^oiis^ evcTt by painti/fg U in the ocean. Francis.

•\^ A m tapbor "taken from the ahfurd toviia^ bf a bad p^ttcr^ who
alms at vaking amai^'fi,ent-rafe, but is only abk tojiniflf a Ijttli pally
piUheTt ' ' • - I

N 5* - • . * • hi»'

A

( 298 )

i Qui variarc cupit rem prodigtaliter unam^
Delphinum (Awls apptnctf, flu£Hbus aprum* 3^

In vitaum ducit ciup» £gay fi caret arte.

iEmilium circa ludum faj faber, unus et ungues^
Exprimet, et moUet imitabitur sere capillos ;
In feHx opens fumma, quia ponere totum
Neiciet. hunc ego me, fi quid componere curem, J5
Non magis eife velim, quam nafo vivere pravo,
Spe&andum nigris Oculis, oigroque capUlo.

Sumite materiam vrftiis, qui fcribitis aequam
Viribus ; et vcrfate diu, quid /erre recufent,
Quid valeant humeri, cui lefta poteater erit rea,. 4a
Nee facundia deferet hunc^ nee Kicidus ordo.

Ordinis hcc virtus erit^ et venus,. aut ego fallor>.
Ut jam nunc dtcat jam nrnia debentia dici,
Pleraque difFerat, et pntlens in tempus omittat ;
Hoc amet, hoc fpemat promiffi casminis au&or*. 45.

fij In verbis etiara tenuis^ cautufque ferendis ;
Dixeris egregie, notum (i cailtda verbum
Reddiderit jundtura novum» fi forte necefle eft
Indiciis monftrare recent! bus abdita reruns ;
Pingere cin£lutis npn exaudita Cethegis j^o^

Contingftt

(a) Faber imus et ungues.

fhj In rerbls etiam tenuis cautufque ferendis

Hoc amec^ hoc fpemat promiffi carminis avilor, BmuL

* LsfflUiittt Intirprtts potentvr jw<r4 hn^ofiuf, which fas Mt^
Hurd objtrvti) gives « pertimni ftnfit without jufitfying the ex^iffion,
iff triui I teiievc tbire is n9 advcrl in the Latin tonzut ufed tnfucb m
maimer, I tbtrtfirt nndtr u jtt4icaoiifly or ably. Tb< lunrmd tdiin

his fubje^ in a marvellous manner, paints the dolphin
for the woodSy the boar in the fea. The avoiding of
an error leads to a fault, if ikiil be wanting.

A ftatuary about the j£milian fchc^ol, of himfelf
fiiall both exprefs the nails, and (hall imitate in brafs
the flexible hair } unhappy yet in the main, becauie
he knows not how to finish a complete piece/ 1 would
no more chuie to be fuch a hand as this, had 1 a
mind to coropofe any thing, than to live with a hide-
ous nofe, tho* remarkable for thefineft black eyes and
jetty hain

Ye who write, make choice of a fubjeft fuitable,to
your abilities ; and revolve in your thoughts a consi-
derable time, what your ftrength declines, and wh^:
h is able^ to fupport. Neither elegance of %le, nor
aperfpicaousdifpofition (hall defert the man, by whom
the fubje£t matter is chofen *' judiciouily*

This, or I am miftaken, will conftitute the merit
•nd beauty of a juft difpofuion, that the author of
the proje<Sted poem juft now fay what ought juft now
to be faid, have the addrefs to put offmoft of his
thoughts, and Wave them for the prefent ; to embrace
one, and rejeiSt another.

. f In the choice of hi» words too he muft be deli-
cate and cautious-; you will exprefs your&lf eminently
well, if a dextrous corapo^tion (or combination) (hould
give an air of novelty to a common word. If it hap-
pen to be nece(rary to explain fome abflrufe fubje^s
by new^invented terms ; it will follow that you muft
frame words never heard of by^he old-falhton'd

^Scatius reads pudentur, ^'hicb Mr% Hurd ^c«i to approve^ and cites
tbh pajfage in the cplfik to Aufruftus :
■ nee meus avdet

Rem tanttre^/iffr^qaam^ires ferrerecufant.
. f Hoc ameti hoc fperaat, prosniiH carminis au£h)r.-
In verbis etiam tenuis cautuique fcrendis.
2)r. Bcntlejr hos inverted the order of theft two iiiies, jn'which he is-
fiiiffwed b^ SsitkaAonf ondbas likewije the approbation of Mr, Francis.
— S«l I join- Mr, Hmd, who thinks this an aliiration not only without
fufficient rea/on^ hutprejudiM to the/cope and tenour of the p6et*s mean"
ing, ^s for the confiruSion (fays Mr^ Hurd^ the cmnminefl reader can -
find himfelf at no lofs to defend it etgainft Khejbrce of the dolor's oh"
jtfHons^.

N6 Cethegi:

(309)

Conttnget : <labiturquc licentia fumta piftienter ;
faj Et nova faftaque nupcr habebunt. vt:rba fedem ; d
Graeco fpnt^ cadent, parcc 4etc>rta. quidbiutcitt
Carcilio Plautoque dabit Romanus,. ademtuia
Virgilio Varioque ? ego cur^ airquirew pauca ^ j.

Si poirum invideor ;. cum lingua Catonis et Enni '
SerraoncEapatrium ditaverit^ et nova rcrura . >

Nomina protulerit ? licuit^fernp<erquc^c©bit . . i
Signatum praifentc npta/^^) pfoditcere mcttmnj * t ,
/^(y> Ut filva? foliis pronos muiajitur ia anno?.; ' • 6a
Prima cadunt : ita verborum vefus interit astas^
Et juvcnum ritu florent modp nata, vigentqoe*
Debemur mortr nos noftraquc : five receptus
Terra Neplunus clafles Aquilonifeus arcrt,
Regis opus ; (lij fterilifque diu palus, • apuquc reniis
Vicinas urbes aiit^ et grave femit aratrusD :, - 66»

S^u curfum mutavit iniquuBi frugibus anmis,
Do6lus iter melius, ('fy^ mortalia fa<^ ptrilaunt :
Nedum fermonum ftet honos,x ct gratia vivax. ?

Multa renafcentur, quae jam cccidere j, fcadentqu^^ 7a
Qua nunc funt in honore vocabula,, fi volet ufus ; '
Quern penes axbitrium efl:,.etjuis,.et norma kjqucudi^

. ■ > •
Res ^eftae rcgnuaqoe dwcumque^ ct triftia belia .
Quo.fcnbi poITent numero.iaou(travix Homentt. >

fa) Et- nova fidaquer iniper« ♦ ,
(i>J Producere nomen. ".

Procudere nummum, Luis,
(cj Ut folia in filvis. ' " •

Ut filvis f4>laa privos mutaHtnri ^^n//^ • ••

(d) Stcrilifque palua prius> .Bc«//,. . .

duduAj, Cunn, ■

(e) MortaUa cun£bi^ Benil, •

♦ Cethegus ; a name of Jtvcral old Romansi o/w o/" iw&fVA"u«M
Jfi jam&us an orator y that be wasJli'ed.i:yKnn\}3Sf fuadx medulla^
/''*• auintejfince 9f pcrjuafion. Then is aftn^ular hautj and prc^tfy
tn ujii>^ the old word cin Autis in this place,

i Ihe Julian port began by Julius, butfinijhtd by Aoguftttt, 'wio
cut off that neck of laninuhicb divided tbt lake Irocrinus >tfA4 the lake
AverriMsfrom thefea.

X There is a peculiar propriety (fays the itig(nJt)HfMr.Hu$dJ in •
this enumeration tf the fcveral kinds of poetry,, as'cddrejjcdto, lite dra"

• " - ' matiek

'( 3^1 )
^ Cetiofcgi :: aftd/flrrt^ aiiceiuee wiU be granted,: if mo-
ddkly ufed: aad. new and lately formed words w'dV
have fftote aiithority ; if they delcend- from a Greek
fource; with a flight deviatix>nb. Bat why (i^auid the
Romans grant to Plautus and Caccilliu9> a privilege de--
nied to Virgil andVarius ? Why ihould 1 be eavied,
Lif Ihave it in n>y power to acquire a few words;
when the language of Cato and Enntus have enciched
our native tongue^ aad produced, new appellatives ?'
It has been^ and ever will be, allowable to coin a word
mark'd with' the damp in prefent requefl;. As leaves^
io the woods are changed with the fleeting years ;
the earlied fall off firil.: in this manner words periili
with old age, and thofe lately invented flouriih and.
thrive, like men in the days of their youth. We^
and all our works, are doomed to death : f whether
Neptune, admitted into the continent, defends ct$r
fleets from the north winds, a work of royal z«tf^«/-
fic^nce ; or the hke for a long time unfertile and fit
^r oars,, now maintains its neighbouring cities, anfd
feels the heavy plough : or the river taught to run. in.
a more convenient channel,, has chang'd its courfi;, .
which was fo deftru6live to the fruits. Xhe works of
mortal men. muf^ perifh: much lefs can the honoijir
and elegance of language be long ILved*^ Many words
ihall revive, v(rhich now have fallen off,, and many,
which are now in e{leem,ihall faU off; if it he thewjll >
of cuflom ; in whofe power ia the deciflon^ the righf ^
and flandard of language.

% Homer has inflrud^ed us in what meafure the at-
chievments of kings^ and chiefs, and direful war might .
be written wiV>&^r<5ftn>/y...

matuk wriUr. He is not only tojiud^^ fir the pttrpofa here explained, , .
the charafieriflisk dijfe^entes of either Jpectcs oj the drama. He muft
farther be knctuing hi the other kindi ef poetry y fo as t»-be able, >as tht
nature of his 'work wi/lde^tarid,. to adopt the gerivis ofeachy in its tump
and to transfrr the p-aces of unrvefal poetry into the drama. ' Thus to-
Jolltnv the divijion here laid donvn, tte-e will fometimes he occafonfor .
the pomp and high cOiO'tritg of epic r.arraiives y fometimes for the- plain'
tive fojtnefSf and pajfionatc incOMnexion of the elegy ; and the chorus f if
chara^erizedift tht ancient manncrj muft catch the fiery maptur'dfpirit
' ^tbe odt%

Sbintiv^

( 3^2 )

Verfibus impariter jund^s querimonia prisaum ; j^
Poft etiam inclufa eft voti fententia compos.

§uis tamen exiguos elegosemiferitaufkor,
rammatici certant, et adhuc fub judice lis eft,

Archilocum proprio rabies annatit iambo.
Hunc focci cepere pedem grandefque cothurni. So
Altemis aptum fermonibus, et populares
Vincentcm ftrepitus, et natum rebus agendis.

Mufa dedit (idibus Divosy pucrofque Deorum,
Et pugilem vi^torem, et equum certamine primum,
£t juvenum curas, et libera vina referre. 85

Defcriptas fervare vices operumque colore*^
Cur ego, fi nequeo ignoroque, poetaialuter ?-
Cur ndfcire, pudcns prave, quam difcere malo ?

- VerHbus exponi tragicis res comica tion vuit-:
Indignatur item privatis ac prope focco 90

Dignis carminibus narrari coina Thyeibe,
Singula quacque locum teneant (a) fort it a decentem*
Interdum tamen ^t vooem comeedia tollit,
Ira tu fque Cb remes turn i do de 1 itigat o re :
£t tragicus ^lerumque dolet fermone pedeftri, 9^
Telephus et Peleus ; cum pauper et exful uterque,
Projicit ampuUas et fefquipedalia verba,
£i curat cor fpedtantis tetigifle querela.

fhj Non fatis eft pulchra efTe pocmata ; dulcia fun to,
£t quocunque voleDt, animum auditoris agumo. loe .
Ut ridentibus arrident, (c) ita fleiitibus adfunl.
Human! vultus, fi vis me flere,^ dolendum eft

(a) SortlU decentec. (^l Nee £iti« eft p uza efleT
(/) ha fltntibas adflent. Fibfr^

frimuni

( 3^3 )

Pluntive ftraim origmaUy were appropriated to the
unequal numbers '^' the eUgiac : afterwards lave and
Aiccefsfui defires were included: . Yet what author firil
pubHflied humble elegy, the criticks difpute, and the
controverfy Aill waits the determination of the judge.

Rage armed Archilochus with the iambick of his
own * invention. The fbck and the majedick buikin
aflumed this meafure as adapted for dialogue, and to
filence the noife of thepopulacei and heft calculated
'for the adion oftbeftage.

To celebrate Gods, and the fons of Gods, and the
vidorious wrefller, and the fteed foremoft in the race,
and the inclinations of youths, aiid the free joyi of
wine, the Mufe has allotted to the lyre-

If I am incapable and uafkilful to obfenre the di-
fliadions ^r/defcribed, and the different complexions
of works of genius^ why ajn 1 acco^ed by the name of
poet I Why, out Gi falie modeffy, do I rather choofe
to be ignorant than to learn ?

A comic fubje<5k will not be handled in tragic verfe:
in like mannerxthe banquet of ThyeOes will not bear
to be TOLD in familiar verfes, and fuch as almofl fuit
with the fock. Let eadh peculiar fpecies of writing
fill with decorum, its proper place. Nevertheleu
fbmetimes ev*n comedy exalts her voice, and Chremes
in a paffion rails in a tumid drain : and a tragic
writer generally expreiles grief in a profaic ftile. Te-
lephus, and Peleus ; when they are both in poverty
and exile, throw ailde their rants and gigantic exprei-
fions, if they have a mind to move the heart ox the
fpe^ator with their complaint.

It is not enough that poems be beautiful ; let them

be tender and affeding, and bear away the foul of

the auditor wherefoever they pleafe, ' As the human

countenance fmiles on thofe that fmile, fb does ft

Jymfathife with thofe that weep. If you wou'd have

* Or J the iambick meafure moft foitable for rage : Jo-frnietiwui

V ij named after AlcfiiaA, the oldtft of the Greek lyic waiters, y\i,

' Sfcnr. «te cent, metrit. By Ladiig with a Jhort Jv.t it is fulted t9

4he impetuq/ity of awer $ arid a/ the fame time (with the l-ochaiij ap'

proacbing th9 near^ to Profe^ if thefittejijw reeltalf

me

< 304 )

Priimim ipfi tibi ; tunc tua me infortunia'laedent
Telephe, vel Feleu : . male fi oiandata loqueris,
'.Aut dormitaboy aut ridebo. Triftia moefhim lo^
Vultum verba decent ; iratum, plena minamni ;
Ludeatem, laCciva ; feyerum, feria di£hi« •
Format enim natura prius nos intus. ad omnem
Fortunarum habitum ; juvat, aut impellit ad iratn ^.
Aut ad humum moerore gravi^deducit,, etangit : . i lO^
P:ofieffert animi motu9 interprete lingua*:
Si dicentis erunt fortunis abfona di6la .
Romani toUeot faj equites peditefquecadiimmm.
Intererit miikunx» /^b) Divufue.loquatur, anheros^
Maturufne fenexy an adhuc florente juventa ti^,^

Fervidus ; et matrona potens, an* fedula nutxix ;.
Mereatorne vagus, cultorne virentis ag^L ;
Colchusy. an Afl^^rius ;:. Thebis mitricus, . an Argts*

Aut faiham fequere, aut iibi coavenientia iinge r
('c) Scriptor. honoratum ft forte reponis AchiUem ; .
Impiger^ iracundue, inexorabUis, actc^ ' iir

Jura neget fibi nata, nihil non arrogct arnua» .
Sit M^dea ferox invi(5taque, flebilia Ino^.
Ferfidus Ij^ion^ lo vaga, triftis Oreiles«.

Si quid inexpertum fceaae committis, et audet ti^.
Perfonam formai-e novftm ; fervetur ad imum
Qualis ab inccepto pt-oceilerit, et fibi condet*
Difficile eft proprie.communia dicere : tuque>.

(a) Equitefque patreique cac^innum. Bcnih-
(h) Davufne loquatur, herufne ;
(c) Scriptor. Homereum fi forte. BenU,
- Scripta J inhonoi-atum £ . Creech^

K«am»

( 3^5 .)

me weep, you muft firfl exprefs the paffion of grifcf
yourfelf ; then Tdephus., pr Peleus^ your misfortunes
really hurt me : hui if you pronounce the parts ailign'd
you illy I fhall either fall aileep or laugh.

Pathetic accents fuit a melancholy countenance ;
words full of menaces require an angry afpe^ ; wan-
ton exprefSons, a fportivc look ; and fbrious matter,
an auftere one. For nature forms us firft within to
every modification of fortune ; ihe prompts or impels
us to anger ; or deprefles us to the earth, and af&i(!)s
us with unfupportable forrow ; then exprefles thofe'
emotions of the mind by- the tongue its interpreter.^
If the words be difcordant to the ftation of the fpeak-
er, the Roman * knights and plebians will raife an
immoderate laugh. For it will make a wide differ-
ence, whether it be Davus that fpeaks, or an hero ;
a man well-itricken in years, or a hot young fellow
inhisUoom; and a matron of diilin£kion, or an
^officious nurfe ; a rowing merchant, or the cultiva-
tor of a yerdant inclofure ; a Colphian, or an AfTy-
rian ; one educated at Thebes, or one at Argos.

You that write, ^either foUow tradition, or invent
-fuch fables as are congruous to themfelves. If you
have to reprefent the renowned Achilles ; let him be
indefatigable, wrathful, inexorable, courageous, let ,
him deny that the laws were made for him, let him
arrogate, every thing to foifce of arms. Let Medea
be fierce and Jintrad^able, Ino an ofa^edi of pity, Ixion
perfidious, lo wandering, Orefles in circumuances of
diflrefs.

If. you oflfer to the ftage any thing uuattempted,
and venture to form a new character ; let it'he pre-
ferved to the laft fuch as it fat out at the beginning,
•f- and be confident with itfelf. It is difficult to write
with propriety on fubjefls to which all writers have a
% common claim ; and you with more prudence wJl

♦ Viz. Pcrfhns of all ranks.

+ Mr, Hurd propofcs to read this •verje in the JoUnving manner,
Qn^alis ab incepto proceffcrit aut fibi conftet ; and runs into fome
in^inioKS refinements i to prove the fpecjfic differencs between unifor-
mity a«t/ CONSISTENCY, ^

J. Suhjeiis.unhan(Ued by any body, andthtrefire common for alt* ,

reduce

X

( 306 )

idcusi carmen ckducis in a^tus,
y^rofcrres ignota indi6laquc primus. 130

/materies privati juris erit, fi
circa vilem patulumque moraberis orbcm ;
A- verbum yerbo curabis reddere iidus
^terpres ; nee defilies imitator in ar6tum,
yf 4f^ Unde pedem proferre pudor vetct, aut operis lex»

Nee fie incrpies, ut (^^fcriptoreyeficus olim : 136
- Fortunam Priami cantabdy et nohlle heUum,
Quid dignum tanto feret hie promiiTor hiatu ?
(c) Parturiunt montes; nafcetur ridiculus mtis.
Quanto re6tiu$ hie, qui nil molitur inepte t 140^

2)/f mthi^ Mufuj virum^ (dj captse poji temfota Tro/ay.
^ui mores hominum multorum vidit^ ct urhcs,
Non fumum ex fulgore, fed. ex fumo dare lucem
Cogitat, ut fpeeiofa dehinc miracula promat ; ^144
^ntiphaten, Seylkmque, et cum Cydope Charybdim*.
Nee redttum Diomedts ab. interitu Meleagn,
Nee gemino bellum Trojanum orditur ab ovo :
Semper ad eventun» fedinat ; . et in medias res,
'Non fecus ac notas, anditorem papit : et quae
Del^erat tra^ra iutefc€fe pofTe relitoquit : r 50

Atque ita mentitur, fie veris fi^ia remifcet,
Primo ne medium, medio ne difcrepet imum/

Tti, quid ego ct populus mecum defideret ^ audi,
(tj Si plauforis eges aulaea manentis, et ufque

(a) Unde pcdcm rcfcrrc. Cunn, (b) Scrlptor eyclius. '

(<■) Paitarienc montes. {d) Captae poft ixMenia Trojs.
((} Si fautoris e^cs. BmtL

Sefli^,

( 3^ )
reduce the Iliad into fin>e a^Vs, than be the firfi to in-
troduce arguments unknown and never treated on be-
fore, A public ftory will become your own property,
if you do not dwell upon the whole circle of events,
which is paltry, and opcnr to every one; nor muftyou
be fo faithful a translator as to take the pains of ren-
deringj^0«r author word for word j nor by clofay imi«»
tating throw yourfelf into fuch freights, irom whence
either fhame, or the rules of your work, may forbid
you to retreat.

Nor mufl you make fuch an exordium as the itine-
rant * fcribbler of oid : ** I will fing the fate of Priam
'* and the noble war.'' What win this boafler pro-
duce worthy of all this gaping ? The mountains are
in labour : and a ridiculous moufe fhall be brought
forth; How much more to thepurpofe he, who fets
about nothing improperly ? *' Sing forme, my Muie,
** die man, \vho, after the tbne of the deftruiSlion of
'* Troy, furv^'d the manders of many men, and
** flates,'* >He meditates not to froduce fmoak from a
flaih, but out of fmoak to elicit fire, that from thence
he may bring forth his m-danoes of the marvellous
ynxthjiriking beauty, fuch as Antiphates, Scylla, Cy-
clops, and Charybdis. Nor does he, f like a certain
poetj date Diomeide's return from Meleager's death,
nor trace the rife of the Trojan wau* from Leda\ eggs :
lie always haftens to the event ; and hurries away his
reader into the midft of interefting circumflancs, no
othf rwife than if they were already known ; and what
hedefpairs of as to receiving any poliih from his touch
he omits : and in fuch a manner forms his fi6tion8,
fo intermingles the falfe and true, that the middle is
not inconfidenc with the beginning, nor the end with
the middle.

Pleafe to attend to what I, and the public in my
opinion, expert from you as a dramatic writer. If
you are defirous of an applauding fpedtator, who will

• C^clicttS, from ftuKXixoc, circulator, circufnforaneuS) a vaga"
iond hard that Jung verfes of hts own combofHon in thtfiruti,

t Some abjurdpoetf a cotcmforary wiw Horace^ tiot certainly knvvjn,

wait

( 3o8 )
-SeiTuriy donee cantor, Vos plaudite, dicat ; i ^5

•iEtatis cujufque notandi funt tibt mores,
(a) Mobiiibi^que decdr naturis dandus, et annis,
Keddere qui voces jam fcit puer, et pede certa
Signat humum ; geftit paribus coUudere ; et iram
Colligit ac ponit temere, et mutatur in boras* i6no
Imberbusjuvenis, tandem cuflode remoto,
Gaudet equis, canibufque, et aprici gramine campi ^
Cereus iavitium fie£ti, moDitoribus afper,
Utilium tardus provifor, prodigus seris,
Sablimis, cupidufque, et amata relioquere pemix.
Converts fiudiis, setas animuique vtriiis 166

Quaerit opes et amicitias, infervit honori ;
Commifiiie cavet quod mox mutare laboret,
Muha fenem circUmveniuiK incommbda : velquod
Quaerit, et inventis mifer abfUoet, ac timet uti ; 1 7a
Vei quod res omnes titntde geiideque minifirat.
Dilator, [h) fpe longus, iners, avidufque futuxi |
Diffidlis, querulus, lao^ilor temporis a&i
Se puero, cafligatcH' cenforque nuaoniOi*
Miuta femnt anni venientes commoda feeum, 175
Alulta recedentes adimunt. ne forte fenilea
Mandentur juveni partes, pueroque viriles ; ^
SempefT in ad^undis, svoque morabimur aptis.

Aut agitur res in fcenie, aut aAa refertur*
Segnius irritant aAimos demifia per aurem^

(a) Mebiiibiifiitte clecor, maturU dandus et aimis*. BtntU
(h) Spe d^ntus, incr^^ pavidui^ue futuri. Bintl%

180

Qoafll

( 309 )
wait for the falling of the curtain , and till the •chorui
calls out '* your plaudit ;" the manners of every age
muft be ftrongly marked by you, and a* proper deco-
rum affigncd to men's varying dtfpoiitions, and years.
The boy, who is juft able to pronounce bis words,
and prints the ground with a firm tread ; delights to
play, with his Allows, and contracts and lays afide*
anger without feafon, and is fubje6^ to change every
hour. The beardlefs youth, his guardian being at
length difcharged, joys in horfes, and dogs, and the
verdure of the funny Campus Martins ; pliable as wax
to be inclined to vice, rough to advifers, a flow pro-
vider of things really ufeful, prodigal of his- money,'
high-fpirited, and amorous, andhaftyin defertingthe
objeds of his paifion. -^f^er this^ our inclinations
being changed, the age and fpirit of manhood feeks
after wealth, and friendly connections, is fubfervient
to points of honour ; and is cautious of committing
any aftion it wou*d afterwards be induftrious to cor«
rect. Many inconveniencies encompafs a man in years ;
either becaufe ,he feeks eagfrly after gain^ and abftains
from what he has got, and is afraid to make ufe of it,
or becaufe he tranlaCts every thing in a timorous and
faint manner, dilatory, flow in hope, rentifs^ and
fearful of futurity ; peevilh, querulous, a panegyrift
of former times when he was a boy, a chaflifer and
cenfurer of his juniors. Our f advancing years bring
many advantages along with them, many our de*
dining ones, take away. That the parts thtrrfdre be-
longing tOQge may not be given to a youth, andthofe
of a man to a boy; we m\x^'Avf€i\ particularly on
thoie qualities, which s^re joined and adapted to each
perfon's age.

An a£tion is either reprefented on the ftage, or
being done elfewhcre, is there related. The things
that enter by the ear aiFe6t the mind more languidly

♦ *7/// the chorus JaySi Vo8 valete et plaudlte \ ye auditcrs^fare*
^eltt and applaud, T%e concife and confiaiH epiio^e to the Roman

fHtdits,

+ From childhood to the meridian of manhoody or prime of itfe, our
jUranmay befaidt04tdvance^ and after that t^ raede or diciine*

than

( 3IO- )

Quam qu« funt oculis fubje£la fidclibus^ etquae
Ipfe (Ibi tradit fpedator. non taxnen intus
Digna geri, promes in (cenam : multaque tolles
£x oculis, quae mox narret Facundia praefens.
(a) Nee pueros coram populo Mcdca trucidct ; 1 8^
Aut humana palaixi coquat exta nefarius Atreus ;
Aut in avcm Progne veriatur, Cadmus in anguem.
Quodcunque oftendis mihi Tie, incredulus odi*

Nev€ minor, neu fit quinto produdkior a£lu
iFabula quae pofci vult,. et fpc&ara reponi. j^

Nee Deus interfit, nifi dignus vindice nodus
Ineiderit : nee quarta loqui perfona laboret.

(^) A6toris partes chorus, officiumque virile
Defendat : neu quid medios intereinat actus,
Quod non pr6ftorito eonducat, et haereat apte. 19 j
Ille bonis favcatque et (cj coiifilietur amice,
£t regatiratos, et (d) amet pacare tumcrites :
Ille dapes laudetmenfae brevis, ille falubrem
Juftitiim, legefque, et apertis otia portis :
Ille tegatcommina, Deofque precetur et oret, 20^
Ut redeat miferis, abeat for tuna fuperbis.
Tibia non, utnunc, ^^^ oriehalco vineta, tubaeque
iEmula ; fed tenuis, fimplexque foramine pauco
Afpirare, et adeife ehoris erat utilis, atque
Nondum fpifla nimis complerc fedilia flatu : 205

Quo fane populus numerabilis, utpote parvus,
Et^gi, ^aflufque, verecundufque coioat,
Poftquam coepitagrosextendere victor, eturbem
(/)h^X\or amplecii murus, vinoque diumo
Flacari Genius fefiis impunc diebus; 210

Acceilit numerifquc modifque licentia^majon

(a) Ne pueros coram* (b) Auctoris partes, ^r^Confilietur amicQS.
(d) Jimtt pcccare tiiaentes. (c) Orichako juocta*

(J) Laxior amplecd mums, Ben$l.

Indactus

( 3" )

than fuch as are iubmitted to the faithful eyes, and
which a fpe^ator prefents to himfeif. You muft not,
however, bring upon the ftage fuch things as are
£t only to be a^ed behind the fcenes : and you mudt
take away from /m^Itc view many anions, which ele-
gant defcription may foon after deliver in prefence of
thefpeHaton, Let not Medea murder her fons before
the people ; or the execrable Atreus openly drefs a
^<x«i/tt^/ tf/* human vifcera; nor let Progne be meta-
iQorphofed into a bird, or Cadmus into a feipent*
Whatever you (hew to me in this manner, not able to
give credit to, I deteil.

Let a play that wou'd be enquired after, and,
though feen, wouM be prefented anew, neither be
ihorter nor longer than the fifth a6i. Nor let a God
interfere, unlets a difficulty worthy a God?s unravel-
ing-lhbuld happen : nor let a fourth perfon be officious
to fpeak.

Let the chorus defend and fupport the part, and
manly character of an a£lor.: nor let them.fxng any
thing between the a£ts which is not conducive to,
and fitly coherent with the main defign. Let them
both patronize the good, and give them friendly ad-
vice, atid regulate the paffionate, and be fond to ap-
peafe the proud : let them praife the temperate repad
of a fliort meal, fet forth the falutary efieas of jaftice,
laws, and peace with her open gates : let them con<»
ceal what is told to them in confidence, and fuppli^
cate and implore the Gods, that profperity may re-
turn to the wretched, and abandon the haughty. The
flute originalfy^ not, as now, begirt with brafs, and
emulous of the trumpet ; but Sender and. of fimple
form, with few flops, wasof fervice to accompany and
aifift the chorus, and with its tone was fufficient to fill
the rows, that were not as yet too crouded : whither
an audience eafily numbered as being fmall, and fo*
bcr, chaAe, and modefl, came together; But when the
vi6torious Romans began to extend their territories^
and an ampler wall encompaiTed the city, and their
geniufles were indulged on feftivals by drinkine of
wine in the day-time without cenfure j a greater &ee-

dom

{ 3ia )
Indo6tu8 q\nd ehim fiapcref libcrque laborum
Rufticus ufbano confufue, tuipis honeilo ?
Sicprtfcae motumqiieet luxuries addidit arti
Tibicen, traxitqiie vagus per-pulpita veftcm : aij

Sic etiam fidibus vooes crevere feveris,
Et tulit eloiqiflpium infolioim facundta prfeccfps :
Utiliumque fagax rerum, et divina futuVi,
Sortilegis ilon difcrepuit fen ten ti a Delphis.

. Carmine qui tragico vilcm certavit ob hircum, 220
Mox etiam agreftcs Satyros nudavit, et^afper
Incolumi gravitate jocum tcntavit : eo quod
lUeoebris erat et grata novitate morandus
Spe^hitor, fundufque facris, et potus, et exlex.
Verum ita rifores, ita commendare dicaces 1 2^

Gonvenict Satyros, ita vcrtere feria ludo ;
N€, quicunque Deue, quicunqiieahibebitur heros
Regali confpedtus in auro nuper et oftro, '
Migret in obfcuras hunoili fermone tabemas ;
Aut, dum vitat humnm,- nubes et inania captet, 250
Effutire ieves indigna tragoedia verfus^
Ut feftis tnatrona mov^ri juffa diebus,
Intci^erit Satyris pauhim piidibunda protervis.
Non ego inornata, et dorainantia nomrna folum -
Verb^ique, Pifones, Satyrorum fcriptor aniabo : 235

Nee

• Struttinv^ &c. tttliidingto thevjhiftinfrfdes infngwg thejlr^plrtf
^mti/lropJhe, &c.

ftitjlsfitng^.. .,. ^_>, y ^ ^

alLir to be Jacrtficidx and this was caHtd r^yco^uLf the goat-fong, tr
I'agrdy, I wottid tht re/ore read in, Horzce, rilem certavit ad hir-
cum, as rhetor dicturus ad aras.' Tkepriefts were cMUd the chiArus*
Theses at length ihtrUuced the epifodes^'-'ThcJe ihef>ritfts lAtd ttct,

Mnd

( 3^3 )

dom acceded both to the numbers ofpoetty^ and the
meafures ofmufick. For what tafte cou'd an unletterM
clown, and one juft difmiiied from the plough have,
when in company with the police, the bafe with the
xnen of honour ? Thus the mufician added new move-
ments and a luxuriance to the Jimpliclty of the antient
art, and * ftrutting backwards and forwards drew a
length of train over the ftage 5 thus likewife new notes
, were added to.the feverity of the lyre, and precipi-
tate eloquence produced an unufual language in the
theatre : and the good fenfc of the chorus^ then expert
in teaching ufeful things, and prefcient of futurity,
differM hardly from the oracular Delphi.

The poet who firft tried his Ikill in f tragic verfe for
the paltry prize 0/3. goat, foon after expofed to vievr
wild fatkes naked, and attempted raillery with feve-
rity, flill preferving the gravi.ty 0/ tragedy : on account
that the ipedlator, on feftivals, when riotous and heat-
ed with wine, was to be amuied with captivating
(hows and agreeable novelty. But it will be expe-
dient fo to recommend the banteriflg, the rallying
fatires, in fuch a manner to turn earneft into jeft 1
that none who ihall be exhibited as a God, none who
is introduced as an hero lately confpicuous in regal
purple and gold, may deviate into the lowly ftyle of
obfcure, mechatitcal (hops ; or, on the rever/e^ while
.he avoids the ground, attest cloudy mlfls, and empty
'jargon. Sublime tragedy difdaining to prate in trivial
vei&s, like 2, grange matron X commanded to dance on
the grand fe&.iyB\f will afTume an air of modefly, evert
In the raidft of petulant (or ivanton) fatires. As a
writer of fatire, ye Pifoes, I (hall 7ie*aer be fond of
iinornamented words, and fuch terms as reign amongft

mndin a paffion roared oui, " *Tis mahii^ ta 'Dionyfjus, nothing fa
** IXonyfius :" whence the proverb, ov^ irpf f ^lonwoy, awfOf tumww*
See Ryiner's excellent letter to Shepherd. The names of tragedy and
comedy, which nuere reprefentatiom of antient life, frfaycfha^ tutfAtiha)
yndoubttdly prove that they were originally iung, when a^ed, and not
repeated, as they art now. Vide Eflayon Homery fed. 3, p. 39.

J Toung women were ufually chofen to dance in honour of the Gods 5
hut in fome feftivalst eu that of the great Goddefs, the pontiffs obliged
married women to dance j from whence the poet fays ]\xffi, Paciek.

Vol. II, p the

I
i

I
l(

I

I

( 314 )

l^cc fic cnltar tragico difFcrre colori^
^ Vt nihil interfit, Davufhe loqitatiir, et aixlax -
l^thias, eiiiun6to lucrata Slmooe talentum j
An cuf^os famuluique Dei Silenus alumni.
£x noto fidhim carmen fequar, ut fibi quivis 240
Speret idem : fudet multum, frudraque laboret
Aufus idem, tantum feriesjundt unique potlet ;
Tantum de medio iumtis accedit honoris.
Silvis dedu6ti cayeant, me judicc, Fauni^
Nee velut innati triviis, ac pene.fbreiifes, 34 j^

Aut nimium teneris juvenentur verfibus unqusun,
Aut immunda crepent^ tgnominiofaque di£ta«
Offendanttir enim^ quibus e(^ «quus, €t pater, et res :
Nee, fi quid fviCti cicerls probat ct nucis emtor,
\£quis accipiunt animis, donantv-e corona. 3^0

Syllaba longa brevifubjedVa, vocatw iambus.
Pes cirus : unde etiam triroetris ^aj accrefcere juflit
'Korocn iambeis, cum fenos redderet i6lus,
Primus ad extreroum limilis fibi. non ita pridem,
TTardior ut paulo graviorque veniret ad aures, 25^
Spondcos Oabiles in jura parerna recepit
Commodus et patiens ; non ut de dtde iecunda
Ccderct aut ^iiarta focialiter. hie et in Acci
Nobil&us t timet ris apparet rams, et EnnL

(mJ Aflcrticere fus fu IhJtiM,

\

( 3^5 ) -

the vulgar : nor (hall I labour to differ fo widely from
the complexiot> of tragedy, as to make no diftin£tion,
whether *'Darus be the fpeaker, and the bold Pythias
who gain*d a talent by gulling of Simo ; or thcgratfe
Silenus, the guardian and attendant of the pupil God
Baccfjusn I wou'd fo execote a ii<5lion taken from a
Well-kno\^n ftory, that any body might entertain hopes
of doing the fame thing*: but, on the experiment.,
ihou*d fwcat and labour in vain. Such power has a
juft arrangement and conne£tion of the parts : fuch
grac^ may be added tofubjefts merely common. In
my judgment the Fauns, that are brought out of ^hfe
woods, fhould not be too gamefome with their tender
ftrains, as if they were educated in the city, and at-
inoft at the bar ; or, on the other hand, (hould blun-
der out their obfcene and fcandaloua fpeeches. For
'at fuch Jiuff 2^ are offended, who have an f horfe,.a
father, or an eftate : nor will they receive with ap*-
probation, or give the laurel crown to fuch nonfenfe^ tA
the purchafers of parched peafe and nuts are'Heliglht^d

-^ith. .'!"';''•

A iong fyllable put after a fhort otie, is teriiiecl ^
Jambic, a briik, lively meafure : whence alfp it totci^^
manded the name of % trimetres to be kidded to iambics,
tho' it yielded fix beats of time, befing 1| fimilar to it-
felf from firft to lad. Not long ago, that it mi^ht
come fooaewhat flower, and with more majedy to t^e
ear, it qbligingly and contentedlv admitted into its
paternal heritage thefledfafl fpondees *, agreeing how-
ever ly focial league, that it was not to depart from
the fecond and fourth place. But this kind of mmfure
rarely makes its appearance in the § notable trimetres
of Accius, and of Ennius. Such verfe as theirs,

* DayQS, Pythias^ Simo, cemc charaStrs in Lucilius, Menander,
and Terence.

+ The knighisj who have a horft kept at the public expence ; quibus
eft pater, people of birthy patricians ; they, who have wealth, and
are therejwe iijiingutjhedfrom knights and patricians, D AC i e r .

J Conjijitng of three meafures.
, II Containing all pure iamhics,

\ Ironically fneering at tb$ hobbling numbers of thefe old poets

O 2 brought

( 3t6 )

(a) In fccnam wiflus magno cum Jjonderc- vcrfus, i^

Aut operx celeris nimiutn^ curaque carentis,

Aut ignoratge premit artis crimine turpi.

Non quiy is videt immodulata poemata judex :

£t data Ro,manis venia efl: inoigna poetis«

Idcircone vager, fcribamque liceiiter P an omnes 26 j

Vifuros peccata putem mea ; utus, et intra

Spem veniae cautus ? vitavi denique culpanii

Non laudem hierui. vos exemplaria Giaeca

Nodlurna verfate manu, verCate diuma*

fhj Ax veftri proavi Plautinos etnumeros ct 37^

.Laudavere Tales ; fcj nimium patienter utrumque,

(d) Non dicam flulte, mirati ; li modo ego et vos

Scimiis inurbanum lepido feponere dido,

Legitimumque ibnumdigitis callcmus, ec aure*

Ignotum tragicae genus invenifie Catnenae 37 j

Dicitur, eXfe) plauftris vexiflfe poemata ThefpiS|
Quae canerent agerefitque peruncli faecibus ora.
Poll hunc perfonae pallaequc repertor honefts
l/Cfchylus, et modicis inftravit pulpita tignis,
£t docuit magpymque- loqui, nitique cothumo« 280
Succeffit vetiis his comoediay non fine multa <

Laiide: fed invitium libertasexcidit, etvim
pignam lege regi : lex, eft accepta, chorufque |

(ti) In fcenum miifus, MarciIiuT»

(b) At noftff proavi.
• (c) Nimium pitienttr utrofquej Cunn ^ '

. • (dj Nee dicam ftulte.

(e) Plauitris vexifie poemata Thefpis,
Qui canerent, ^tfn//.

Turpitcr

( 3^7 )
brought upon the ftage with a chimfy weight of ipon-^
dees, either loads the poet with the imputation of
being too precipitate and carelefs, or difgracefuliy ac-
cufes him of ignorance in liis iart.

'Tis not every judge that difcerns inharmonious
verfes, and an undeferved indulgence is in this cafe
granted to the Roman poets. But Ihall I on this ac-
count make excurlions, and write licentioufly ? Or
fhould not I rather fuppofe, that all the world are to
fee my faults ; fecure, and cautious never to err but
with reafonable hopes of being pardoned ? Tbus^ tho*
perhaps 1 have merited no praife, atkaft i have, efcap.
cd cenfure.

Ye, * 'ivho are defirous to excely turn over the Gr se-
dan models by night and by day. But our -anceilorf
commended both the numbers of Plautus, and his
iftrokes of pleafantry; too tamely, I will not fay
foolifhly, admiring each of them ; if you and I but
know how to diftinguifh a coarfe joke from a fmart
repartee, and iinderftand the proper cadence by ufin^
our fingers f and cars.

Thefpis is faid to hare invented a new kind of tra-
gedy, and to have carried his pieces about in carts,
which certain ftrotter$^ who had their faces befmearM
with lees of wine, fang and a6ted. After him iEfchy-
lu8, the inventor of the vizard malk, and decent robe,
laid theftage over with -boards of a tolerable fize, and
taught to fpeak in a grand theatrical tone, and ftrut in
the buikin. To thefe fucceeded the % old comedy,
not without coDiiderable praife : but theperfonal free-
dom it took degenerated into excefs and violence, wor-
thy to be regulated by law : a law was made accord-
ingly, and the chorus, the right it c/tf/wV of abufinrg

♦ Tbt^j perhaps^ is particularly addreffid to the Pifcos,
+ They made ufe of their fibers both to meafure the piantity of the
verfe, and beat time to the mujic,

X iVith regard to the various- changes and revolutions comedy has un»
dergoncy it is djlinguj/ljcd into three kinds j the old, tvhixh •ufas foi^nded
upon real fa£isj and the perfons point d out by their proper names ; the
middle, where the fubje&'s were reafj but the name Jifllous j il:>e
new> wherein loth the names and the action are imagituy^

O 3 mens

t 3^ )

Turpiter obticuit, fublato jure nocendi.

Nil intentatnm ooftri liquere poetse ; aBj

Nee minimum meruere decus, veft igia Grzca
Aufi deferere, et ceiebrare domeftica fa^a ,
Velqui practextas^ vel qui docuere togatas.
Nee virtute foret elarifve potentius armis,
Quam lingua, Latium, fi non offendefet unum- 2^0
Quemqu^ poet arum limae labor et mora, vos, o
PompiliuslaDguis, carmen reprehendite, quod non
Multa dies et multa litura eoereuit, atque
faj Prsefedtum decies non caltigavit adunguem*

Ingenium mifera quia fortunatius arte #95

Credit, et excludit fanos Helicone poetas
Democritus ; bona pars non ungues ponere curatj
Non barbam : fecreta petit loea^ balnea vitat.
Nancifcetur enim preeium nomenque poetae,
Si tribus Anticyris caput infanabile, nnnquam )oe
Tonfori Licino commiferit. o ego laevus.
Qui purgor bilem fub verni temporis horam !
Non alius faceret meliora poemata : verum
Nil tanti efi« ergo fungar vice cotis, aeutum
Keddere quae ferrum vtlet, exfors ipfa fecandi : 305
Munus et cfficium, nil fchbens ipfe, doccbo;
Unde parentur opes ; quid alat fornaetque poetam ;
Quid deceat^ quid non; quo virtQSi quo lerat error»

$eribendt

(0) Pcrfeton deciis

• Togpne, whiH ufed ahngf Jg^ifies mtj^ thwrlcal piece, ofwhith
dtfubje^ «r ^ wg4 taken Jrsm a Romas Jhy^ at ptU/utae^^

( 3^9 ' )

mens charaBers bciDg taken away, difgracefully Became^
fkleot.

Our poets have left no fpecics V?/*//^f arf unattempt-
cd : nor have thofe of them* merited the leaft honourt>
whodiared to forfake the footftep* of the Greeks, and-
celebrated domeftic fa£ts ; whether they have inftru6t-
cd us in * tragedy or comedy. Nor would Italy be.
raifed higher \yf valour and feats of arms,, than by
its. language, dici not the fatigue and tedioufnefs ofr
ufkig the f file difguft every one of our poets. Do*
you, the defcendants of Pompiiius,, rejjcft that poem,
which many day » and many a blot have not ten time»^
fubdued to the moft perfedt accuracy, Becaufe De-
xnocritus believes that genius- is more fuccefsfiil than
wretched art,^ and excludes from HelicoR all poets
who are in their fenfes ; a great number of us do not
care to part with their nails, nor beard : frequent
places of folitude, mnd ihun the baths- For he will
acquire-, he thinks^ the: efleem and title of a poet, if
he never {ubmttv his head^ which is not to be cuned
by even three | AntycraS) to ||. Licinus the barber.
What an unlucky fellow am J, who am purged for
the fpleen in fpring thne ! Elfe no body wou'd com*
pofe better poems : but the purchafe is not worth the'
expence; Therefore J will fenre in(Fead ofa whetfibncy^
which, tho** not able of itfelf to cut, jv/' can make
fteel (harp : fo I, who can write no poetry of m3rfdf,
will teach the duty and buiinefs of an amtbv % whence
he may beilock'd.wdth rich materials ; what inDproves
and forms the poet ; what gives a grace, what not ;
what is the tendency of excellence, and what thai of
error.

Rf^i thtfame among fi the Greeks. But whin pnetextx is Jet in oppo^

fiien to to ffitx, the firji means tragedy^ and the fecond comet^^ becaufe

iJbf praetexca was a robe worn only fy the jirji perfins of the common*

wealth, but the toga was the orainaty habu of the coikmon people,

Francis.

+ Corre^ing, polUhing^ finifhing*

% An ifland tn the Archipelago, famous fo,' itsproduSion of a va/i
fuantity of hellebore, Vid. lib. II. fat. 3. v. 83. '

H A barber andfreedmanofAisffihnSf who made him afenatorjor
n§ itbtr merit itjhouldfeem^ than his deteftation ^/'Pompey.

O 4 To

( 320 )

Scribendi reSe, fapere eft principium et fons.
Rem tibi Socraticae poterunt oftendere chartae : 310
Verbaque provifam rem non invita fequentur.
Qui didicit patriae quid debeat, et quid amicis ;
Quo fit amore parens, quo frater amandus, et hofpes ; •
Quod £t confcripti, quod judicis ofHcium ; quae
Partes in bellum miiii ducis ; -ille profe6lo 31 j

Reddere perfonae fcit convenientia cuique.
Kefpicere exemplar vitse morumque jubebo
Dodum imitatorum, et {a) vivas hinc ducere voces.
Interdum fpeciofa locis, morataque re£le
Fabula, nullius veneris, fine pondere et arte, 32^
Valdius obledlat populum, meliufque moratur,
Quam verfus inopes rerum nugaeqae canoras,

Graiis ingenium, Graiis deditorerotundo
Mufa loqui, praeter laudem nullius avaris.
Romani pueri longis rationibus afleai 5^5^

Diicunt in partes centum diducere. dicat
Fitius Albini, ii de quincunce reroota eft
Uncia, quid fuperat ? poterat dixiife— rTfienr.Eu!
Rem poteris fervare tuam. redit unck : quid fit ?
Semis, {i) An base animos aerugo et cura peculi g^^
Cum femel imbuerit, fperamus carmiaa fingi
Pofle linenda cedio, et levi fervanda cupreflb ?

Aut prodefie volunt^ ant delegare poetx ;
Aut iimul et jucunda et idonea dicere vitae.
Qnidquid praecipies^ eilo brevis.; ut cito dida 32j^

' fa) Vcras hinc docefc VQCctt.
(hj At hxc aiiimos.—

Ferciplant

( 321 )

To have * good fenfe is the firft principle an<F
fountain of writing well. The f Socratic papers will
dire<5t you in the choice of your fubjcft : and words
fpontaneoufly will accompany the fubjedt, 'uohen it is
well-conceived. He, who has learned, what he owes
to his country, and what to his friends ; with what
affedioQ a parent, a brother, and a flranger are to be
Joved ; what is the duty of a fenator, what of a judge ;
what the duties of a general fent out to war ; he, /
yiy, certainly knows how to give fuitable attributes to
every charadter. I lliould dire(^ the learned imitator
to have a regard to the mode of nature and manners,
and from thence draw his expreflTions to the life.
Sometimes a p'ay, that is fhewy wi^h common places,
and where the manners are weH marked, tbo' of no
elegance, without force or art, gives the people much
higher delight, and more effe6tually commands their
attentidn, than verfe void of matter and tuneful trifles,.

Ta the Greeks, covetous of nothing but praifc,
the 'Mufe gave genius ; to the Greeks the power of
cxprefEng themfelves in round J^tient periods. Tlic
Roman youth learn by long computations to fubdi-
vide a pound into a hundred parts. Let the ion of
% Albinus tell me, if from five ounces one be fub-
ftra6led,.what remains ? He would'have faid— the third
of a pound; — Bravely done 1 you will be able to take
care of your own affairs. An ounce is added : what will
that be ? Half a pound. When this fordid ruft and'
hankering after wealth hath once tainted their minds,
can we expe^ that fuch verfes (hould be made as are
worthy I| the oil of cedar, and the well-wrought cyprefs ?

The poets intend either to profit or delight ; or to
dcliverat once both the pleafant and neceflary things of
life. Whatever precepts you give, be concife : that

• Ovy philqfoj^hy, &c.

+ Having Jaid that good fenfeis neccjfary, he now tails them where
it is to befiund ; in Socratcs'j p.bilofophy, that philofophy which aknt
inhghtens the mindy and teaches ethics Utter than all others,

I jIn tn/amous and wealthy ujitrer,

|T Thearuients rubbed their books with oil of cedar , and kept them in
^^fti ^Jypf^Jh ^ being mofl durable,,

O 5 do-

( 3^^ )

Percipiant animi dociles, teneantque fideles*

Ca) Omne fupervacuum pleno de pedore manat*

Fidla vofuptatis caufa, iint proxima veris :

Ne, quodcunque volet, poicat fibi fabula credi :

Neu praafse Lamiae vivum puerum extrahat alvo* 340

Centuriae feniorum agitant expertia frugis :

Celfi prxtereunt auftera poemata Rhamnes, \

Omne tulit pun6tum, qui mifcuit utile dulci^

Le£torein dele^ando, pariterque monendo.

Hie meret aera liber Sofiis ; hie et mare tranfit^ 545

£t loDgum noto fcriptori prorogat aevum.

»

Sunt delidta tamen, quibus ignovifle velimus :
Nam neque chorda fonum reddit quern vult manus et

mens, \

Pofcentique gravem perfaepe remittit acutum ;
Nee femper reriet quodcunque minabitur arcus* 3^0
Verum ubi plura nitent in carmine, non ego paucis
OiTencfar maculis, quas aut incuria ftidit,
Aut humana parum cavit natura. quid ergo ?
Ut icriptor fi peccat idem librarius ufque,
Quamvis eft monitus, venia caret ; ut citharoedut 35^
Aidetur, chorda qui femper oberrat eadem :
Sic mihi qui multum ceiTat, fit Chaerilus ille»
Quern bis terve bonum, cum rifu mirbr ; et idem
Indignor, quandoque bonus dormitat Homerus.
(h) Verum operi longo fas eft obrepere fomnum. jfom

Ut pi6hira, poefis ; erit qu«, fi propim fies^

(a) Omne fuperracttun, </r. ir/«f, BtvtU

(b) Vcnim o^crcia lopg» > ■■

Te

( 3^3 )

docile minds may foon comprehend what is faid, and
'fsiithfully retain it. All fuperfluous inftru£tion runs
off from the overflowing niemory. Let whatever is
imagined for the fake of entertainment^ have as much
verilmilitude as pofiible : let not your play demand
belief for whatever ahfurdities it is inclinable to exhibit :
nor take out of a * witch's belly a living child, that
{he had dined upon. The tribes of the fen iors rail
againil every thmg that i^ void of edification : the ex-
alted knights difregard poems that are dry and auftere*
He who joins inftrudion with the agreeable, carries
the f votes of all mankind^ by delighting, and at the
fame time admoniihing the reader. This book gets
money for the % Sofii ; this crofles the fea, and con-
tinues to its celebrated author a lafling duration.

Yet there are faults which we (hould be ready to
pardon : for neither does the firing always form the
lound which the hand and conception of the performer
intends, but very often returns a iharp note, when
he demands a flat ; nor will the bow ahv^ys hit what«
ever mark it threatens. But when there is a great
majority of beauties in a poem, I will not be offended
with a few blemilhes, which either inattention has
dropt or human nature has not fufliciently provided
againfi. What therefore is to he determined in this
matter t As a tranfcriber, if he fiill commits the iame
fault, tho' he has been reproved, is without excufe :
as the haiper who always blunders on the fame firing,
is fure to Be laugh'd at : fo he who is exceffivdy defi-
cient becomes another || Choerilus, whom, when I
find him tolerable in two or three places, 1 wonder at
with laughter ; and at the fame time am grieved,
whenever honefi Homer grows drowfy. But *tis al-
lowable that fleep fiiould fieal upon an author in a
long work.

As is painting, fo is poetry ; fome pieces will firike

* Horace undoubtedly alludss to fome rulicvlous poti of his tiaUf who
bad brought this tronfirous' incident intj a play*

+ Liter ally f every point ; allndinfr to t^e manner of voting at the
Comitift, by putt'ng a point over the name cf every candidate. Hence
^rbaps the Englifh p'Overbj to carry one*s point,

{Eminent bookfeUcrs wf n/torae-i Epift . lib. a. so.
Afiupid poet cenjurei by Ariftode. Vid. lib* s . Epift. x«

( 3^4 )

Te capiat magis; et quaedani,. fi longius abQes :
Hxc amat obfcurum ; volet haec lub luce videri^
Judicis argutum quae non formidat acumen :
Hsec placuit femel ; hsec decies repetita placebit, 36^

O major juvenum, quamvis ct voce paterna
Fingeris ad rectum, et per tefapis; hoc tibi di6lum
Tolle memor: certis medium et tolerabile rebus
Redbe copcedi : confultus juris, et a6tor
Caufarum mediocris abeft virtute diferti 370

Meffalae, nee fcit quantum Caflellius Aulus ;
Sed tamen in precio efl : mediocribus efTe poetis
Non homines, non Di, non conceflere coJtunnae.
Utgratas inter menfas fymphonia difcors, 374

EtcralTurn unguentum, et Sardocum melle papaver
OfFendunt; poterai duci quia ccena fine iftis;
Sic animis natum inventumque poema juvandis..
Si paulum a fummo deceflit, vergit ad ixnum.

Ludcre qui nefcit, campeftribus abftinet armis :
lndo£lufque pilae, difcrve^ trochive, quiefcit; 380
Ne fpiffaj rifum tollant impunc coronse :
Qui nefcit,. verfus tamen audet fingere. Quid ni !
Liber et ingenuus, praefertim cenfus equeftrem
Summam nummorum, vitioque remotus ab omiti.
Tu nihil invita dices faciefve Minerva ; 385

Id tibi judicium eft, ea mens. i\ qviid tamen olint

Scripieri^^

( 3^5 )

you more, if you ftand near ; and fome, if you are
at a greater diflance : one loves the dark : another^
which is not afraid of the critic's fubtle judgment,
chufes to be feen in the light ; the one has pleafed
once ; the other will give pleafure if ten times re-
peated.

O eldeft of the promifing youths, tho* you are
framed to a right judgment by your father's inftruc-
tions, and are wite in yourfelf ; yet take this truth
along with you, and remember it; that in certain
things a medium and tolerable degree of eminence
may be admitted : a counfellor and pleader at the bar
of the middle rate is far removed from the dijiin^uijh*d
merit of eloquent MelTala, nor has fo much know-
ledge of the law as CefTellius Aulus ; but yet he is in
fame requeft : hut a mediocrity in poets, neither Gods,
nor men, nor ev*n the bookiellers (hops have endured.
As at aa agreeable entertainment difcordant mufick^
and muddy elTence, and poppies mixM with * Sardi-
nian honey, give offence; becaufe the fupper might
have paiTed without them : fo poetry, created and in-
vented for the delight of our fpuls, if it comes flxort
ever fo little of the fummit, finks to the bottom.

He, who does not underftand the games, abflaias
from the weapons ufed isi the Campus Martius : and •
the unikil&il in the tennis ball, the quoit, and the,
+ troque, keeps himfelf quiet ; left the crouded ring
ihoulcf railQ a laughter at bis expence : notwithftand- j
ing this, he who knows nothing of verfes prefumes
to compofe. Why not ! He is freeborn and of a good
family ; above all, he is regifter'd at an % equellriaa
fumi and clear from every vice. You, 1 am perfui$ded^
will neither fay nor do any thing in oppofition to
Minerva : fuch is your judgment, fuch your difpoii-
tian. But if ever you fhalL write any thing, let it be

♦ Sardinia was full of hitter herhs, from whence the honey was hit"
ier» fVhite poppy "Je^d roaftedwas -mingkd with honey by ^e antients,
Nankivs.

+ Troque— T/^fr-tf were two kindi ofdvverfUns that had this, name j
Me was like the topf and another like the hoop,

:(:. In order to tntitU a Roman to he ranked in the equefirian order j,
itiv/m 9hligcd to prove^ himfelf worth io>ooo crowns*

( 3*6 )

Scripfefis, in Meti deicendat judkis urts,

£t patris, et no(lra6 ; nonumque prematur in annnin^

Membrani> intus pofiiis* delere licebit

Quod non edideris : nefcit vox mifik reverti. 390

Silveftres homines facer interprefque Deorum
Cacdibus et vidiu foedo deterruit Orpneus ;
Di6ku8 ob hoc lenire tigres fabidofqu^ lebnes t I

Di^s et AmphioH) Thebanae conditor arcis,
Saxa movere fono teftudinis, el prece blanda 39^
Ducere quo vellet. fuit h»c fapientia Quondam,
Fublica privatis fecernere, facra profanis ;
Concubitu piohibere vago; dare jura maritis ;
Oppida moliri ; lege& incidere ligno.
Sic honor et nomea divints vatibus atque' 40*'

Carniinibusvenit. poft hosinlignis Homerus^
Tyrtaeufque mares animo& in Mania beila
Veriibus exacuiu di6la: per carmina fortes,
Et vitae mot)ftrata via eft, et gratia regum
Piertis tentata modis, ludufque rcpertus^ 40^

£t longorum operum finis : ne forte pudori
Sit tibi Mufa lyra^ folcrs, et cantor Apollo* -

Natura fierct laadabiie carmen, an arte,
Quiefitum eft« ego nee ftudium fine divite vena^
(s) Nee rude quid poilit video ingenium : allerios fie^
Altera pofcit opem res, et conjurat amice. 41 x

Qsii ftudet optatam curfu contingere metam,
Multa tulit fecitque puer : liidavit et alfit ;
fhj Abflinuit Venere et Bacchb ; qui Py thia cantat
Tibicen, didicit prius, extimuitque magtftrum. 41^
fij Nee fatis eft dixifle ; ego mira poemata pango :: ^

Occupet extremum fcabies : mihi turpe Mlinqui eft*

ftj Neo rude quid pwfit. n 11 1 i
(hj Abftinuit Venere et vino S
(cj Nunc fatis eft dixifle 2

Et»

( 327 )

fubmitted to the cars of * Metiiis Tarpa\ who is a
judge, and your father's^ and mine ; and let it be
fupprefs'd till the ninth year, your papers being laid
M^fecurely within your own cuftody. You will have
it in your power to blot out what you have not made
public : hut a word oncefent abroad can never return,

Orpheus, the prieft and interpreter of the Gods,
^(^deterr'd the lavage race of men from ravages and
inhuman diet t^ hence fa id to tame tigers and furious
"lions ; Amphion too, the builder of a Theban wall,
was faid to give theflones motion with thefouridof his
lyre, and to lead them wherever he wou'd, by engag-
ing perfuafion. This was dee p'd wifdom of'^yore, to
diflinguiih the public from private weal things fa*
cred from things profane ; to prohibit a promifcuous
commerce between the fexes ; to give laws to married
people ; to plan out cities ; to engrave laws on tmbhs^
f/'wood. Thus honour accrued to divine poets and
their verfes. After thefe, the excellent Homer, and
Tyrteus, animated the manly mind to martial atchiev*
ments with their verfes. Oracles were delivered in
poetry, and the ceconomy of life pointed out, and the
favour of fovereign princes was folicited in Pierian
ilrains, games were inftituted, and a cbearful period
pat to the tedious labours of the day ; this 1 rtmind
you of^ led haply you ihould be aihamed of the lyric
M'jfe, and Apollo the God of fong.

It has been made a quedion, whether good poetry
be derived from nature or art. For my part, I can
neither conceive what fludy c^an do without a rich na*
tural vein, nor what rude genius can avail of itfelf :
fo much does the one require the affiftance of the other,
and fo amicably do they confpire to produce the f«m§'
effeSi* He who is indudrious to reach the wiih'd-for
goal, has done and fufFer'd much when a boy ; he hath
iweated and fliiver'd with cold ; he has abdained from
love and wine : he who fings the Pythian drains, firft
was a learner, and in awe of a mafter. But in poetry
'tis now enough for a man to fay of himfelf 5 ** I make
•* admirable verfes :" a murrain feize the hindmofl: r
it is fcandalous for me to be putdripp'd and fairly to

* ^n cxctUcnt critic f mentioned in the lothjatirt, lib. 1.

( 3i8 )

htj quod non didici, fane nefcire fateru

Ut praecoy ad merces turbam qui cogit emendas ;
AiTRntatores, jubet ad lucrum ire poeta 42a

Dives agris, divts pofitis in fenore nummis.
Sivero eft, un^tum qui refte ponere poflit,
Et fpondere Icvi pro paupere, fajct cripere atris
Litibus implicitum; mirabor, (i fciet inter.
Nofcei^e mendacem verumque beatus amioim. 425
Tu feu donarisy feu quid donare voles cui ;
Nolito ad verfus tibi fa£los ducere plenum
Laetitiae : clamabitenimy Fulchre, bene, reiSte ;
Pallefcet ; fuper his etiam ftillabit amicis
£x oculis rorem ; (aliet ; tundet pede terram. 439
Ut qui condu£ti plorant in funere, dicunt
£t faciunt prope plura dolentibus ex animo : fie
Dirifor vero plus laudatore movetur.
Reges dicunturmultis urgere cululHs,
Ettorquere mero, quern perfpexiffe laborent^ 43 (
An fit amicitia.dignus* fi carmina cendes^
I*<]unquam te fallant animi fub vulpe latentes*

Quintilio fi quid recitareSy Corrrge, fodes^
Hoc^ aiebaty et hoc ; melius te poife negates.
Bis terque expertum fruftra j dckre jubebat,^ 440-
C^J Etmale tornatos incudi reddere verfus :
Si defendere deli6tum, quam vertere, malles ;
Nullun^ ultra verbum^ aut operam infumebaf inanem^
Quin fine rivali teque et tua folus amares-
Vir bonus et prudens verfus reprcbendot inertes^ 44^
Culpabit duros, incomtis allinet atrum
Tranfverfo calamo fignum ; ambitiofa recidet
Ornamenta ; pa rum claris lucem dare coget ;
Arguetambiguediftuaii; mutanda notabit ;-

fa) Et eripere ar«fUs, Stnti^
(h) £c male ter natps incudi^ BentL
formatos, Curm^

Flet

.( 3^9 )

acknowledge that I am ignorant of that which I nvrtt
learned.

As a crier, who collets the crowd together to buy
his goods ; fo a poet rich in land, rich in money put
out at interell, invites flatterers to come andpraife his
works for a reward. But if he be one who- is well
-able to fet out an elegant table, and give fecurity for
a poor man 9 and relieve him when entangled in
plaguy lawfuits ; 1 ihall wonder, if with this wealth
he can didinguifh a true friend from a falfe one% Fcr
you, whether you have made, or intend to make, a
prefent to any one j -do not bring him full of joy di-
rectly to your finiih'd veries : for then he'll certain^
cry out. Charming, excellent, judicious; he'll turn
pale ; at fome parts he will eVen diftil the dew from
his friendly eyes ; he will jump about ; will beat the
ground naith extafy^ As thofe that mourn at funerals
- for pay, do and fay more than thofe that are afflided
,. from their hearts : ib the (ham-admtrer is aiw€^smorc
^1&€iki ' thgia he that praiics in lincerity* Certain
kings are la^ ^o ply with frequent bumpers, and by
%he firength of winC; oiake trial of a man, who they
are fedulous to know^yy whether he is worthy their
friendihip or not. Thus if you compofe verfes^ let
jxik the *, fox's concealed ialentions impofe upon you*
If you had recited any thing to Quintilius, he
wouM fay, a|t^r|. I pray, this attd this ; if you re-
'pteed you cou'd do it no better, having made the ex-
periment twice or. thrice -in vain, he would order you
to blot oii:it^ and once* rt3ot"e. apply to the anvil your
iil-form'd veffei ;:^if you cfiofe i^ther to defend, than
correct a fault ; he fpent not a word more, nor laboured
, in vaiuj but you alon© liiight be fohUdf yourfelf, and
your own works, without a rival. A'Ipbd and fen-
lible man will cenfure fpiritlefs verfes, he will con-
<lemn the trafh, on the incdrre6t he will draw acrofs a
black Aroke with his pen : he will lop off ambitious
and redundant ornaments ; he will make him throw
light on the parts that are not perfpicuous j he*ll ar-
raign what iseiqpre&M ambiguoufly ; he will mark what

* ^Uuding io tbi VftU'knownfabU of the fix mi cr^*

ihould

■>

( 3r> ),

Fiet Artftarchus : non dicet, Cur ego amicum 4 j»
Ofibn'dam in nugis ? hse nug e feriaducent
la' mala derifuni feme!, exceptucnqtie fioiftre.

^ Ut Riaia quenci fcabies aut morbus regiua urget,
Ant fanaticus error, et iracuada Diana ;
Vefanum tetigtlTe timent fugmntque poetara, 4^5

Qui fapinnt : agitant pueri, incautique fequuntur,
HiCy dum fublinies verfus r jftatur, et errat.
Si veluti meruiis intentus decidit auceps
la puteufB, foveamquc ; licet, Succurrite, longum
Clamet, io cives ; Don lit qui toHere curat. 460

(a) Si quis curet opem ferre, et deinittere funem ;
Qui fcis, an prudent /^^^ hue foprojccerit atque
Servari nolit ? dicam : Siculique poetae
Narrabvo interttum. Deus imnnortalis haberi
Dum cupit Empedocles, ardentem frigidus ^toam
&iiluit, fit jus, liceatque perire poeitis« 466

Invitum qui iServat, idem facit Occident!*
Kec feme! hoc fecit ; nee fi retra^his eitt, jam
Fiet homo, et ponet famofae mor^s amamn*
Nee ffttis apparet^ fc) cur verTuA ia&ttet ; utnim 47©
Minxerit in patrios ctneres, sn trifte bidental
Moverit inceftus : certe furit, ac velut urfus,
Obje6^os cave% valuit fi frangere clathros,
Indofhim dodhimque fugat recitator acerbutf.
Qpem vero arripuit, tenet, occidk^pieiegendo ; 4^
Non raiiTura ciitem, nifi plena cmoris, hirudo*

(a) Si ^uis cmm^ (h) Hvc^dU^ecwit > (t) "V/tdm cur ^ditet ;

* Ariftarchos tuat ^v*fH ptat crkHf^uhtUvedh the rtigmoj
Ptokmy Philadelphiks, snd at etimfmraiy mfiih Callimachus s
he ttiroie ahagif fmrfcore vUumet tf commentaries on Homer Anfto«
phanes, find other Greek f$^st hi rtvifed and corrt^ed Horner^
which ^tfm'k U Icfttuith Ac rcjt of his crtttcifmSy which wtrt fo nice
4»tdfKnttratinfr $bat he was cmmnonly taUM thi Dvfimrp «f| account '
ff his gfcatjof^aciiy*

FINIS.

I ( 331 )

ihouldbe alter'd ; in-Jbort^ he will be an * Ariftarchus;
he will not fay, why ihould I give my friend offence
about mere trifles ? Thefe trifles will lead him into
mifchiefs of ferious confequence, when once made an
object of ridicule, ahd ufedin a flnifler manner.
Like one whom an odious plague or jaundice, fa«
I natic phrenfy, or lunacy diflrefles, thofe who are

i ^ wife avoid a mad poet, and are afraid to touch him :

the boys joftle him, and the incautious purfue him.
If, like a fowler, intent upon his game, he ihould fall
into a well or ditch while he belches out his fudian
verfes- ahd roams about, tho* he fliou*d cry out for a
long time, *' Come to my afliflance, O my country-
** men ;" not one wou'd give himfelf the trouble of
taking him up. Was any one to take pains to give
him aid, and let down a rope ; how do you know,
but he threw himfelf in thither on purpofe ? 1 will
fay : and wou'd relate the death of \ht famous Sicilian
poet. Empedocles, while he was ambitious of being
«(leeraM as -an immortal God, in a cold fit leap'd into
iEtna. Let poets have the privilege and licence to
6\i^ as they pleafe. He whofaves a man againd his
will, does the fame as killing him. Neither is it the
• firfl time he has behaved its. this manner ; nor, was he
to be forced from his purpofes, wou'd he now become
a mnn, andlayaflde his deiireof fuch a famous death*
Neither does it appear fufficiently, why he makes
verfes r whether he has flaled upon his father's afties,
or facrilegioufly removed the fad trophy of the vin-
di(5tive thunder : *tis evident, however^ that he is mad,
*" and like a bear that has burft thro* the grates that fliut
up his den, this unmerciful rehearfer chafes the learn-
ed and unlearned. And whomfoever he lays hold on,
he fallens on him, and kills him with reading; a
leech that will not quit the, ikin, till fatiated with
blood.

Thb ENU

y

I • " «^

n