The Action as Natural Force and the Origin of Time, Space, Dimensions, Natural Forces, and Laws of Logics, Geometry and Physics at the Origination of the World

The Action as Natural Force

and the Origin of

Time, Space, Dimensions, Natural Forces, and

Laws of Logics, Geometry and Physics

at the Origination of the World

Werner Landgraf

THE ACTION AS NATURAL FORCE

AND THE ORIGIN OF

TIME, SPACE,

DIMENSIONS, NATURAL FORCES,

AND LAWS OF

LOGICS, GEOMETRY AND PHYSICS

AT THE ORIGINATION OF THE WORLD

Werner Landgraf

2011

THE ACTION AS NATURAL FORCE
AND THE ORIGIN OF
TIME, SPACE, DIMENSIONS,
NATURAL FORCES, AND LAWS OF
LOGICS, GEOMETRY AND PHYSICS
AT THE ORIGINATION OF THE WORLD

© Werner Landgraf (1959- > gnd 111290759 viaf 20300591

R. Guarujä Q7L40a , BR 24900.970 Itaipuacu, Maricä, RJ
Pepiniere de Zephir A5 , F 97300 Cayenne, Guyana-Cayenne

Jt i y j I I j o ~>j ' I aj I I p.ui-i

THE ACTION AS NATURAL FORCE

AND THE ORIGIN OF

TIME, SPACE, DIMENSIONS,

NATURAL FORCES, AND LAWS OF

LOGICS, GEOMETRY AND PHYSICS

AT THE ORIGINATION OF THE WORLD

by Werner Landgraf

is licensed under a Creative Commons Namensnennung -

Keine kommerzielle Nutzung - Keine Bearbeitung 3.0

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Deutschen Nationalbibliograf ie verzeichnet
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1. Edition February 2011

ISBN 979-10-90349-10-0

ISBN 979-10-90349-10-0

9'791090"349100

90000

Table of Contents

Summary 4

1. Empirical, obvious Properties of the World 7

2. Synthesis of the empirical Facts;

Considerations, Conditions, Principles...lO

2.1. Preparation of the empirical Facts

for a Model 10

2.2. Motivation and Considerations not imme-

diately based on empirical Facts 14

3. Model of a successive Auto-Effectuation in

Correspondence with empirical
Properties, Dimensions, Natural Forces. 16

3.1. General Properties 16

3.2. Attribution of the known Dimensions and

Fundamental Forces

to Primordial Events 24

Work by the author to this topic 30

Table of the Dimensions 6

Summa ry

We give an overlook about the current research and main
results on the Action as a fundamental Natural Force and on
the Origin of the Dimensions and Natural Forces and of the
logical, geometrical and physical Effects and Laws. They result
in an Action World Model with the following characteristics:

* Understanding of Events and their Action as a primary,
discrete Dimension and immediately producing fundamental
Natural Force;

* Sequence ofthe following dimensions as: Time and Energy,
one-dimensional Extension and Impulse, Gravitational Mass
and Normal Plane of the Space Curvature, where the previous
onesarenecessaryforthe effectuation ofthe subsequent ones;

* Origination of the logical, geometrical and physical Pro-
perties and Laws of the World, inclusive of these Dimensions
with each its individual Statical and Dynamical Aspect, Obser-
vables, global State Variables, limited Range, and a corres-
ponding Fundamental Force, as Aftereffects and Realization of
corresponding primordial Events which successively effectuated
themselves as new and linear independent from existing ones;

* A l st Fact as an affirmation of the Existence and Action of
the World is within itself unconditionally logically, geometri-
cally and physically necessary and sufficient for its successive
Unfolding inclusive its Basical Properties

It follows an Interpretation of the model from different as-
pects of the physics. Cosmologically, the model means a
successive Effectuation of reciprocally corresponding Dimen-
sions and Fundamental Forces, individualized and unreacha-
bly separated from and proportionally expanding to its Prede-
cessors as expressed by its novel Elementary Units. The ba-
sical Equations of Motion and global State Equations follow
immediately from general Properties, like the relation between
the Dynamical and Statical Representation of the Dimension

itself and to its Neighbours. A generating mechanism beside
of Existence and Effectuation of News as associated Aspects
is not necessary. It also gives each Dimension and Force its
casual individual Appearance, Concretization, and Realization,
so that different ones cannot be mutually replaced or unified.
The earliest primordial Events can be attributed consistently
their concrete geometrical and physical meaning. After 3
evolutionary steps, the known Dimensions and Fundamental
Forces were ready. Convenient properties are: a realistic
model with clear conditions; details about the Origin; proper-
ties like 'Expansion', global State Variables like the Gravita-
tional Mass of the World, or Natural Forces as Geometrical
Effects without the need of additional mechanisms; a causal
connection between everything; and others. For the relati-
vistic effects, the model has almost no innovations. The
most quantumtheoretic effects can be understand, according
to Situation, dimensions and Observation manner of the Ob-
server, as discrete logical or geometrical Conditions and Li-
mitations for him for any representation of therein commonly
expected Observables or Properties, like that the Number of
Informations inherent to or produced by involved simple Ob-
jects or Interactions therefor is insufficient, specially for Light.
Motivation of the model is our extensive empirical know-
ledge of Basical Properties of the World which indicate the
fundamental importance of immediate Action with effectuation
of new Facts together with a corresponding Causality. Sub-
sequently would be interesting, for example, detailed obser-
vations and careful interpretations of the Single Photon; its
autonome action-like Proper Frame constituted by the not-
identical but immediately neighboured Events of Emission
and Absorption; and its Action, effectuation, management of
its Informations and their ränge, validity and effects, in its
Proper Frame or for an Observer, for example during diffrac-
tion and other interactions with matter.

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1. Empirical, obvious Properties
of the World

* [recursive, automatic function principle] A suc-
cessive Own-Effectuation of really News by every-
thing already effectuated and without turning some-
thing unhappened, or a Causality in this sense, as a
primary property and immediately producing and
auto-reproducing Force of the Nature. At least effectiveiy

within and seen from inside itself, the World, with contribution by
everything what exists and by its own Force, produces constantly
News, thus not predetermined what exactly. This means for us a
true inner progression of the World, not only an illusion, because a
predetermined Future would be equivalent to and indistinguishable
from the Past, and would make real changes and Events impossible
and any objective or even subjective Causality and flux of Time auto-
contradictory. The Past is but the Future is not contained within the
Present. Linear Independence: new Facts neither can be represen-
ted completely by earlier ones or be a reproduction or affirmation,
nor a destruction of or a contradiction with them, what also would
not result in a progress of Time and thus nor become effective.

* [active autonomy; what exists, acts] The Concre-
tization and Individualization of any Entity is corres-
ponding how, where and when it produces Action;
Existence and its Action are equivalent in this sense.

Action and Concretization of any Existence as two Aspects of one-
and-the-same; in principle Positivism or 'what acts, effectiveiy
exists', however with certain Limitations. Each Existence and its
Action, exactly correspondingly how it is individualized and inde-
pendent from Others, thus represents on its own the general Action
Principle as the Function and primary productive Force of the real
World inclusive its successive Effectuation of News. Evidently, as
part of the Own-Perception and Logics, there exists a Free Will,
which at least influences the Effectuation, f.ex. which permits to re-

solve by agreements otherwise fatal Contradictions if different Fra-
mes enter in contact, which thus gives Facts their Causers; on the
other hand it cannot be exact about not yet imaginable News and
even can be weak or imprecise, nor could it Warrant any certain
Realization, and thus is completed by the Accident. But externally in
general and within our model and for physics, they can be treated
as indivisible; the philosophy of the Animism is what treats the de-
tails of, interaction between, and compounding, equipping, dissolu-
tion of Objects by, the Free Will as an aspect of the concretization
force, the Accident, and the generical or abstract Conditions, Pro-
perties or remnants.

* [passive autonomy; frame-variant facts] Auto-
nomy, Unconditionality, 'subjective Objectivity' and
Priority of the Self-Perception; Observers if any and
their Perceptions are only relevant for them. 'i think,

therefore I am'. The cat of Schrödinger lives if itself feels it alive;
ad-hoc validity and priority of Facts and perceptions from the own
surrounding. Action doesn't need to reach someone, it is sufficient
its emission or Own-Perception. Own Independency from possible
Observers; if and how they perceive something inclusive some alte-
rations by the Observation, and correspondingly how it exists for
them, depends only on their conditions, and is only their problem.
Also our World, within itself and for its own logics, exists unconditio-
nally and independently from externa! or internal Observers. Some-
thing theoretically wrong or contradictory survives correspondingly
as there doesn't occur factual Collissions. New Facts are created as
compatible with already locally acting Facts. In order to avoid colli -
sions of really incompatible Actions, we can expect effects like cau-
sal, temporal or spatial Limitations or even Subspaces for measura-
bilities, contacts, Facts and their validity and Action.

* [everything individualized, limited] Irreversibility,
however spatial and temporal Limitedness of Facts
and their Action; analogically also of other funda-
mental Forces and their corresponding Ranges or
Dimensions, expressed in themselves or others.

Imperfection, Not-Idealizedness, factual Limitedness of everything
in the real World, inclusive no Warrant of a Future. Evidently in-
fluences, relations, 'personal' affairs, dangers, Improvisation and So-
lutions occur to its biggest part within any temporal or spatial Vici-
nity; if more distant than some 20m to 200m (f.ex. at the neigh-
bours) or minutes to days, then the most occurrences don't concern

us, and generally don't fall over our head all farer problems existing
in the World (f.ex. big problems and sufferings, like of a star being
eated by a black hole); correspondingly, nobody can resolve all Pro-
blems of the World, but only what him concerns, and this is sufficient
for survive; Olber's Paradox applied to a limited practical (rather
than a theoretical illimited) interaction and affection in the Event and
Action Space. This general Limitedness is one Aspect of the Indivi-
dualization and Diversification of the real World inherent in its Ac-
tion Principle, with limited Substructures like Entities and Processes
or Functions, and one condition for can distinguish, limit, observe
something determined, isolate and treat problems, separate and cal-
culate variables, instead of everything interconnected and mixed.

* [Time as a consequence of Events] Effectuation
of News is accompanied with a progress of the Time.

The Time is very similar to Events and Action, is their (at least sub-
jective) consequence, and often represents them phenomenologi-
cally, however, isn't essentially the same. According to this concep-
tion, the Time is effectuated (at least phenomenologically) - namely,
in the Proper Frame it goes along with the Proper Time or Action, and
is synchronized in different Frames by their contact and reciprocal
Validation of their Facts - and successively also the other Dimen-
sions should be. An observed equal speed of Time inside and near
the most objects and their contribution to any externa! Time affirms
an equal specific production of new Facts and Free Will inside them.

* [what exists acts but doesn't need a cause] Ad-
ditional externa! creation in principle is possible;
most adequate for a physical model is, to treat it
neutral ly - neither supposing nor excluding it, for-
mally f.ex. treating it as indistinguishable from the
Own-Effectuation and absorbed by Natural Cons-
tants (as a fraction or within time constants).

2. Synthesis of the empirical
Facts; Considerations, Conditions,
Principles

2.1. Preparation of the empirical
Facts for a Model

* Seen from within itself, the Information about
the Existence of the World indivisibly from its suc-
cessive Action is always 'true'; unconditionally and
independently from any Reason or Cause. Action
and new Events or Facts, mutually complementary,
constitute an autonomous, and namely the primary,
discrete Fundamental Force and Dimension, in terms

of and for our discretized model, the question about Cause or Origin
of the World is summarized thereto, that it is necessary and suffici-
ent one mere fact of the Affirmation of its Existence in unit with its
Action (i.e., the Action Principle), anyway valid and effective inside
the World itself, acting to and visible from there, inclusive as basing
point and part of any Logics, Geometry, Physics which there will un-
fold itself. This understanding is not a fallacy, but concerns the
conditions of any Logics of and inside our World itself, hence is indis-
posable to its avaluability, can be neither proved nor counterproved
'externally' but is internally necessarily autoconsistent and alterna-
tiveless. According to all our experience, Nature evidently contains a
successively producing Action Principle. We have to include the Ac-
tion in the Line Element. In geometrical representation, the Event
and Action of the Origin of any Dimension, we have to understand
as its unreachable and immutable point-like Boundary or Surface.

* The world should have auto-effectuated itself in
a most simple together with most efficient manner.

10

Already this indicates an exponential Growing; in the case of a suc-
cessive Own-Effectuation starting from one Fact, by repeated Effec-
tuation of a new one by each existing.

* The World and each part of it should he consi-
dered as Originated and he Effectuated as really
News, at least in certain aspects, rather than only a
transformation of Olds. Everything arises immedia-
tely from its own Singularity of its discrete Effectua-
tion, which represents exactly in its correspondingly
rising Dimension a Discontinuity and thus doesn't
need to observe there its Conservation Law. if we

want to describe the real Origin of the World rather than mere
transformations or a steady-state, then we have to accept that, at
least in a certain sense and aspects, something rose as really New.
There set on new World Lines. At least for everything what pro-
ceeds along an existing one, the Line Element represents an Over-
all, dimensionsembracing Condition, conservation and transformation
rule, for intervals ofthe Statical or Dynamical Observables, inclusive
for groups of them as special cases, like ... dS 2 - E 2 dt 2 ... for the
progress of Time by Action. Although these dimensions can be very
similar and near zero is their formal difference, the small difference
between their Aspects is what expresses everything theymake existing

* The effectuated Causet should have to do so-
mething with the Reality, especially the earliest
Events with the Fundamental Properties ofthe World,
most favorably effectuate all of them. The Afteref-
fect and continuous Embodiment of the first fixed
Facts and the Informations describing them, inclusi-
ve the prevention of turn them unhappened by con-
trary, repeating or linear dependent 'new' Facts,
thus appear us under Aspects like fundamental lo-
gical, geometrical, physical Properties, especially as
the Dimensions and Fundamental Forces which rea-
lize them and which unlike mere abstract concepts
thus have an Action content corresponding to their
physical Concretization and Individualization by that

Of their underlying FactS. Logical, mathematical, geometri-

11

cal, physical Properties inclusive Dimensions and fundamental For-
ces are not understand as predetermined, but as effectuated suc-
cessively, namely as Aftereffect and Realization of Informations
about occurred Events, equivalent Aspects of them. This also
means that all Facts and Properties correspond exactly to all Logics
and Natural Laws as they are; 'another world' would not be possible
'within our Laws of Nature'. At the beginning of the World there
existed only the few discrete Informations, and Continuum, Dimen-
sions, Forces not more than corresponding to these yet auto-effec-
tuated successively; it would be senseless to apply nowaday's
physics for its description or for determine surplus Properties, but is
adequate only the consideration of these Events themselves. Ac-
cording to our model, as a characteristics of our World, in opposite
to abstract ones, each really existing Fact or Dimension, itself, has
its own Action, split in a complementary Statical and Dynamical
Aspect or Space and Fundamental Force mutually corresponding.
Also for a meaningful appearance of 2" d derivatives, intermediary
points, or nonlinearity, we have to accept a fundamental Force
which corresponds to any Dimension and realizes it by them, long
time before f.ex. inhomogeneities of its dynamic or static Aspect
(like Energy or Curvature) or particles appear. Inertia and Gravita-
tion originated immediately as Aspects of Time and Space themsel-
ves but not by later Events or formed Objects. The geometric
Aspect of the necessary Action of each realized Dimension is its ne-
cessary Imperfection, Limitedness, and at least minimal Curvature
which for subsist needs and causes a next Dimension. All Dimensi-
ons are independent from each other (Time from Events; Curvature
from Extension) and thus no one is embedding Space of others, alt-
hough some are mutually similar and thus can be practically under-
stand as such, and also their Whole embeds each of them.

We put the condition of an Identification of the Earliest Events of
our Causet with evident Basical Properties of our World also in the
sense of warranting a strict introduction of the Evidence into physi-
cal modeis for their more narrow limitation to the Reality instead of
a generality which get out of hand. This model presets Limitations
for the Generality like it is adequate for separate unrealistic from
realistic Properties.

* Facts as truly new, independent from existing
ones, geometrically spread out new own Dimen-
sions, and physically constitute new primary Funda-
mental Forces which realizes them. At least at the
beginning, such Facts which arose 'synchronously'
or of equal Rank we treat as of 'equal-type' and

12

combine them; thus such a Dimension is subdivided
depending on their number. In this sense, each Di-
mension automatically and necessarily was effec-
tuated by its predecessor, and its Space itself, even
'empty', is not merely abstract but concretized, in-
dividualized and thus since its beginning equipped
with its peculiar Characteristics and Natural Force,
correspondingly to the Action content of its consti-

tutionlly FactS. Thus, this refers to the first 1, 2, 4 ... effec-
tuated Facts, which will be interpreted as spreading out the unidi-
rectional Time; a bidirectionally passable Extension; a Tan gen t Pla-
ne or two more bidirectional Spatial Directions.

* Besides their peculiar concretizing, individual
Characteristics, all Dimensions and fundamental
Forces, themselves or in reference to their neigh-
bours, accumulate generic Properties and Relations,
which depend few (or only in higher order) on their

Rank Or Order Of Origination. The common part of Principles
and Laws of Logics, Geometry, Physics which represents combined
Actions by earlier individual Facts and their Natural Forces and Di-
mensions, accumulates their generical Properties, and the really new
individual Action content, effects, properties, laws are the devia-
tions from this scheme; however for the Function of the Nature and
its individual Forces exactly this individualization and concretization
is operative. This Characteristics or Aftereffects exists since the
Origination of each Dimension and Force, but as such with their ap-
pearance and any practica! sense inclusive as a Continuum, more
than the them underlying discrete Actions of initially immediately
neighboured erratic Events of mixed type themselves, they will be-
come relevant only during cooling off and larger distances between
Events.

* Immediately effectuated by the Action, and to
it neighbouring and very similar, obviously is the

Time. Already because of this, we have to consider the Time as
the first effectuated Dimension, prior to others like the Space, and
independent from them. The Time is not pre-given externally or
statically, but 'produced' by Action which goes along with the in-
crease of effective, valid Informations; approximately is dS ~ E dt.

13

By contact with an ambient, a Frame can be stimulated to react
thereto, synchronizing its proper Time and making compatible its
other Characteristics (or separating itself if impossible), and expor-
ting these new Informations. Any groups of Facts like these consti-
tuting Dimensions are and continue to be realized, by receiving an
Action attributable to the previous and sending one to the next Di-
mension, where their average intervals of Single Actions or Realiza-
tion of their Space can be understand as their Elementary Units and
their Ratio as their 'speed' or 'length density' of one to another.

* To the first primordially effectuated Facts or In-
formations and their Aftereffects have to be attribu-
ted their concrete Signification, in Correspondence
with the Experience, mostly represented by the evi-
dent Logics, Geometry, Physics of our real World.

We can expect that nowadays and continuously the Earliest Events
of the World are observable as its most Basical Properties, most
easily and directly without instruments. The concrete attribution of
Events and groups of them according to the model to real Dimen-
sions and Natural Forces according to our nowadays Observation , as
demanded for its construction, and success and consistency with
this, turns realistic the as yet abstract model.

2.2. Motivation and Considerations
not immediately based on empirical Facts

* The Observables of the Dimensions have com-
plementary ones, and both mutually are closely lin-
ked, represent conditions, and in a certain sense can
be substituted. Their Product is the Action. They are
mainly t,E and x,P . This indicates a fundamental
significance of the Action for our real World and any
realized Dimension within it. It arises the question,
what Observable would be complementary to the
Action. Obviously, it should be dimensionless, the-

14

refore n,S . To this corresponds as most basical
Geometry a World Line, of which each Point is realized
by an Event, Fact or newly produced Information
and by its discrete Action towards the environment.

* Physical laws follow from variational principles

of Action, Time, Way, Curvature, each less general

or significante. At least Time and Way represent

known own Dimensions. Thus we can assume that

also the Action represents an own and the primary

Dimension. The varied expressions for Time, Way

and Curvature represent special applications of the

Line Element, and also the general form of the usual

approaches for the Action are compatible with such

if extended by a term of the Action. The Action corres-
ponds to a zero complement of the Line Element. In terms of the
model, it emerges also that the Curvature is an essentially own di-
mension compared with the Extension, but these spacelike dimen-
sions in certain aspects look very similar, like the timelike Action and
Time too. The basical Physical Laws and their meaning follow im-
mediately from the assumption and comparison of a Statical and
Dynamical Aspect and Observables of each Dimension and its neigh-
bours, together with their concrete attribution to the first primordial
Events; more detailed ones one can expect from a total Variation of the
whole Line Element. Physical equations which were derived implying
a certain kind of it, cannot be applied consistently to another kind.

* Formally and phenomenologically, one can treat
the Action as proportional to a quantized Proper
Time, Are Length, Rest Mass; essentially, Action or
Events are different from the Time; even a Single
Event has its Action, and the Causality is connected
with the effectuation of and action by Events instead

of with Time flux. An example for an Event independing from
any existing Geometry and founding its own autonomous one, is the
Proper Frame ofajust emitted Photon. Intervals or global Parameters
of Events and Time or other dimensions often are connected by Equa-
tions of Motion or State, thus cases of proportionalities in their Soluti-
ons don't mean essential equality. For the irreplaceability of the Act-
ion by the Time, see also its different and stronger variational principle.

15

3. Model of a successive Auto-
Ef fectuation in Correspondence with
empirical Properties, Dimensions,
Natural Forces

The model is summarized in the table. In its logi-
cal, geometrical and physical Interpretation, it has
the following Characteristics:

3.1. General Properties

* Causet of which, starting with a first one, each
occurred Fact is concretized enduringly by its Action
and effectuates further new Facts. Thereby produced
Informations or Facts valid for certain Observers or
Spaces may be an effective summary of groups or
Single Informations or components valid for others.
Once happened, a Fact and its Action exist well-de-
termined, irreversible, individualized, and it restrains
further Facts as linear independent from it, and uses
one degree of freedom of the Nature, what repres-
ents a part of its Aftereffects and fundamental For-
ce; however its Action and validity can be restricted
in some Dimensions (Causality, Time, Space)

* The Informations which are effectuated on each
evolutionary Step or at least with the same Rank,
new and not representable by others, as a whole
spread out a new Dimension thus produced by the
previous Dimension or its Informations.

16

* Action and Effectuation of Facts and their Infor-
mations are discrete. The Process of their formati-
on and of Facts what they effectuate in turn cannot
be considered as 'intermediär/ points' between sta-
ges, but 'complementary' to them as Operations,
both however equivalent and thus formally linked in
a certain manner - including that the Statical Aspect
to the Dynamical is shifted by a half phase and ac-
companies with its accumulation within one uncer-
tainty. Thus, each Dimension has its Fundamental
Force; both correspond themselves mutually and re-
present the Geometrical and Physical Aspect of the
entirety of their founding primordial Facts. For what f .ex.

the Time is generator of the dynamics, we get Position and Impulse
as 'complementary' or essentially equal properties, even if phase-
shifted; the Position has to accompany the accumulation of the Im-
pulse. Formally, the physical Laws are included in the transformation
between the Static and Dynamic expression of the Dimension.

* In this sense, each Dimension in its Dynamical
Aspect appears as the first causal Effect by and ef-
fectuation of a new Property, development or un-
folding Direction, Initial Impulse, Expansion, Sepa-
ration compared with its antecessor and Causer,
but alternatively italso will appear with an other Sta-
tical Aspect as readily efectuated and individualized.

Both Aspects are representable as a correspon-
ding statical Fundamental Constant or Elementary
Unit representing the Dimension itself and its mean
Density of Realization as its own Space (like t p ,, l p , for
Time and Extension) and a dynamical Fundamental
Constant as Ratio between it and that ofits antecessor
representing the Relations and Separation or away-
development Speed between them or the linear
densities between their variables (like c between
Extension and Time, or c 2 /G between Curvature

17

and Extension or Gravitational and Inertial Mass).

Correspondingly exist, since the beginning and
immediately, approximately linear global State Equa-
tions between the Extent of Spaces of neighboured
Dimensions and their Fundamental Constants. And
evidently they are also globally valid, with the same
ratios between global State Variables and Elementary
Units (f.ex. with the same Length Density of big and
small Spaces, formally even for plane ones with infinite
Size and Mass but thus irreal). Thus we can under-
stand all involved quantities and the relationships
between them equivalently as logical, geometrical
or physical - for example, the Mass of a Space as a
just geometrical aspect of its Extension and vice
versa, or a Local Concretization, Distinguishability,
Measurability down to scales of Elementary Units any-
where in the Space of each Dimension as a geomet-
rical effect of the average or local Action, Production
Rate, Occupation (for example, each elementary unit
of any space Direction by one of Energy or Mass),
like also an approximately synchronous Spread of
all Dimensions expressed in their Elementary Units.

* Correspondingly, each Dimension contains its
own first, Oldest Spot. Its Origin however is not
part of it, but of its antecessor; it isn't fully localize-
able in it, and thus appears 'light-like' seen from it.
The Separation between its First Spot to its Origin is
expressed by its dynamical Physical Constant alias
expansion speed between both dimensions. This
should make impossible for objects localizeable in
and belonging to any Dimension to reach its Origin,
thus it represents a Limit for its Space and Move-
ments expressed in its dimension in relation to that
of its antecessor, inclusive certain 'subjective' ef-

18

fects appearing us as the Natural Force as an aspect
of the Realization ofthe Dimension itselfand existing
since its origination, which acts against approaching
this Limit, and ensures that neitherthe dynamical nor
the resulting statical Range ofits Space can he surpas-
sed by objects belonging to it, as a part of that its
Existence and Action (like that of everything realized
in the World) can express and effectuate only some-
thing limited, not including nor reaching its own cause.
The Origins or First Spots of subsequent Dimensions
form a sequence of Events neighboured immediately,
separate from each other by only 1 of its Elementary
Units, however insuperable,unreachable' far' and 'fast'
For the Spatial Extension in relation to the Time,
statically spread by the Elementary Length and Ele-
mentary Time or dynamically by the Light Speed,
seen from Space, we have effects like Redshift,
Time Dilatation and other delays as separations to
any Event with only a time but not with a space
coordinate like its Origin whose Action thereby
continues and appears definitiv ely , imutable, eter-
nally as its Cause, warranting for us and everything
belonging to the Space that one cannot leave it and
that always for them and everywhere within it it's
own Existence is true, and this Effects are a part of
the Inertia as the whole aspect or Natural Force of
the spatial Extension which realizes it.

* Each Dimension with its 'physical' quantities
thus originates as New by its own sudden discrete
occurrence as a 'symmetry breaking' or 'Singularity'
of its own Space where are not valid its Conservation
Laws; common principles and laws anyway cannot
be applied to new Events (not contained in the past
nor in rules as predictable by them) but only to States

19

between them, therefore only become significant
when Events become more distant and Dimensions
more continuous.

Events, Facts and Existence, and their Action, un-
der their aspect as Geometry like Spaces and fun-
damental Forces inclusive their finiteness or Range,
for an Observer, depending on his Situation, relevant
Dimensions of his ambient, and Observation man-
ner, may have consequences like, that forhim Facts
are not valid if their Action don't reach him, or that
in his frame for the accustomed representation for
Objects or Processes with small Information capaci-
ty and for the determination of Unknowns like Posi-
tion and Impulse would be necessary a bigger num-
ber of Informations than exist in their proper Frame
or is inherent in them, so that their Position cannot
be transformed unambiguously to a Dimension and
thus they aren't localizable in it, whilst otherwise,
with reference to normal objects and any primary Di-
mension of our real World, we would say they belong
or are bound to it. Depending on the importance of
the Action changes and its term in the Line Element
for the observed System or Process, the Geometrical
Conditions where which of the (often few) Informati-
ons are how observable and interpreted , appear as
'effects' like Uncertainty or wave phenomena , orlight-
fast 'propagation' and apparent Nonlocality Effects.

Thus, the Matter as 6-bunchs of Informations be-
longs inclusively the threedimensional Space; the
Light as 4-bunchs not but appears to it to move
with Light Speed and will 'turn' like that only by its
absorption and attribution of 2 further Informations,
localization of its Energy, generally earning Properti-
es of Matter, and participation on the Inertia; the

20

Origin of the World by its 1 Information is localized
only in the Event Space, and veers away from
everything localized in Time or Space by one Ele-
mentary Time and Distance each evolutionary step.

The us familiär dimensions Time and spatial Ex-
tension with the Inertia as associated fundamental
Force are suited for illustrate some generic Properti-
es of the model.

Usually, the statical representation of the Line Ele-
ment of Time and Extension by means of the funda-
mental Laws of the (special-relativistic) mechanics
is transformed to the dynamical representation as a
Four-Vector of Energy and Impulse. In the present
model exists the conception of Complementary As-
pects as Property of the Dimensions themselves, so
that we can write down directly the Static and the
Dynamic representation of the Geometry. Thus, this
Property contains the fundamental Laws of Mecha-
nics usually used for their conversion, and as it is a
generic one, analogous Laws for all Dimensions and
fundamental Forces follows from both complemen-
tary representations of the whole Line Element.

Specially it are consequences, directly of the view
of affine, here expanding, Dimensions with a cons-
tant Speed c between that of Time and Extension,
and indirectly ofa corresponding shape of the Metrie
as ... dt 2 - 1/c 2 dl 2 ... and its Transformation Pro-
perties, sufficiently within a nearest Surrounding
and independent from any wider Extent or more
distant Inertial Masses (or from the two other Spatial
Directions, Gravitation and Gravitational Mass), and
thus also as a Local Interaction: that an enduring
Acceleration in the Comoving Frame doesn't produ-
ce in any other Frame nor after sufficient time any

21

Speed, but relatively to each System will remain
slower than c, this Limit Speed thus would be 'abso-
lute' and is in no sense reachable; that this Effect
manifests itself by the metric's Transformation Beha-
viour with mutually compensating increasing Energy
and Impulse or complementarily slower Time and the
Length, seen from any not comoving observer, and
by a not-absolute classical kinetic Energy; that thus,
other than Position and Velocity, Acceleration and
these Effects cannot be transformed away (without
the Dimension of Gravitation nor explained by sta-
tionarity), what however neither would mean any
absolute Space nor need other Objects to be relati-
ve to it, but is a Property of the 'empty' Space itself
even without marks or objects, observing alias that
a Centrifugal Acceleration by Rotation, in fact possi-
ble only with the other spatial Dimension belonging
to the Gravitation, corresponds to the Linear Accele-
ration of its part or oscillation in the same Direction;
the Inertia - thus just a local 'Effect' or Aspect of
the said kind of Metrie, independently from external
masses or objects - as the one Force, ^1/c 2 per
energy and acceleration, which essentially prevents
any approach, relatively to whatever and thus abso-
lutely, towards the Light Speed or 'relative speed of
Space to Time' as a Limit, and thus prevents the
change to a light-like or not-localizable State and
disconnection from the Space or of the grouping of
the informations forming Matter belonging to this
space; E/m T = c 2 or S/m T = c 2 t pt as a mean 'speed'
relatively to the whole Space, 'kinetic' Energy or Ac-
tion per Mass, of anything, because its Localizability in
the Space and partieipation on its Expansion to Time,
temporally constant if it proeeeds affinely; thus an
infinite or absent Inertia in the case of a stationary

22

or infinitely fast expanding Space, respectively.
Even the 'empty' one-dimensional Space has as
own geometrical Characteristics its Natural Cons-
tant, which for this kind of Metrie can be understand
equally as its light-fast Expansion c or as its Reali-
zation with a constant average Energy Length Density
of one E p i per l p , as an effect by an enduring Action by
the previous dimensions with proportionality in the
Elementary Units and global State Variables, and
the Inertia as corresponding Fundamental Force,
what shows most clear that Inertia, Length Density
and so on anywhere are present as local effects and
representants of the global characteristics of the Di-
mension itself. Objectswill beonly local inhomogenei-
ties ofsuch geometrical properties arising much later.

Often are used field equations with the strueture
to transform for and between Dimensions their stati-
cally expressed Properties and Relations to dynami-
cally ones or vice-versa or mixed - for example, for
certain Metrics and the t,Xi,x 2 ,3 their Distribution or
metric coefficients the relations with or conversion
to the E,Pi,P 2 , 3 their Distribution or densities. Ac-
tually it's in vogue to derivate this field equations by
the principle of stationary Action. During this is as-
sumed such a plausible funetion for the Action or
Lagrangian that the results have convenient proper-
ties like correspondence with the established physics.

Understanding the Action as an own Dimension,
then this funetion should be compatible with the Ac-
tion expressed by the other Dimensions aecording
to the Line Element, like it is also the case for Time
or Way if one would use their minimum principle.
This means, however, that such field equations are
only applicable for Metrics which are equal or simi-

23

lar to that used for their derivation, especially which
includes no other Dimensions; therewith the con-
cept of separated field equations and line elements
becomes doubtful. Thus it appears inconsistent,
that in the function for the Action often is used a
common coefficient for all terms, instead of the res-
pective Fundamental Constants of all Dimensions
and terms of the Line Element of the real World;
that beside of this however the structure of the com-
monly used function for the Action agrees with it, dS 2
~ dT 2 , isafavourablecorrespondenceof ourmodel.

This item is not important for a discrete description
ofthefirst Development, sequenceof Dimensions, and
their attribution, however a consequence of the model
for the description of the later cosmological evolution.

3.2. Attribution of the known
Dimensions and Fundamental Forces
to Primordial Events

The concrete attribution of the individual first Pri-
mordial Facts to the most fundamental evident Pro-
perties like Dimensions and Fundamental Forces is
rather clear and almost unambiguous inclusively by
the required correspondence with the physics as a
summarization of our empirical knowledge.

The 1. Fact is obviously the Affirmation of the
Existence and Action of the World, within itself va-
lid unconditionally and necessarily , and fundament
of everything eise. It represents the 0. efectuated
Dimension, namely Fact or Information and Action.

24

By its Action over a new t pi , or by 1 new Fact with
it as the only reference, is founded the 1. Dimension.
This suffices just for the Time fixed therefore as an
oneway directed Dimension. Complementary to it
the Energy, with the global State Equation T ~ E/h .

By the subsequent 3. and 4. Fact is spanned the

2. Dimension. This is obviously an Extension, by a
Beginning and End defined by and passable both-
way among them, which was effectuated by the Act-
ion ofthe already existing Time over the Light Speed c
as new Physical Constant, complementarily with the
Impulse, and with a mean Realization Interval l p! or
an inverse Energy Length Density of E p i/I p i ~ h/t pi 2 c
of this Space. Its Extent is about R ~ cT , this also
is the Range of the Inertia which prevent to leave it
and therefor to reach the Light Speed. Even from
the oldest lobe of the Space one would 'see' its only
timelike localized Origin as infinitely redshifted, re-
coiling with light speed, and meanwhile in a Distan-
ce of the Age of the World, unreachable.

The 5. and 6. as well as the 7. and 8. Facts of the

3. evolutionary step and the Dimension spanned by
them corresponds Action by and during the previ-
ously arised Extension which appears like Isotropy
d/G (& c 2 E p i/lpi *G /G « Mspi/k p i) as a new effect, or
stepping forwards and a proportional spreading of a
tangent Plane of a Curvature, as two other directions
defined and passable bothway, corresponding to a
complementary Gravitational Mass, with a global
State equation M s ~ d/G -R or K ~ R . Natural
Force is the Gravitation, which realizes this its own
Space in a manner that by Shifts in it its Range will
not be left, understandable as a corresponding Cur-

25

vature; details involving other dimensions like the
Time follow from equations derivated from the Line
Element including their terms. Practically we can add
the Curvature Gradient term with the Action term
what for a central field gives a factor 1-R/r ; also,
the statical and dynamical terms are often inter-
changed, accurate to one elementary unit.

Only so many independent Parameters as occurred
primordial Events are inherent in the Reality and sen-
seful for a physical Description. At least initially, in
this model would not be imaginable a Grow Rate
with a further parameter; however, for the two Spa-
tial Dimensions, instead of own Origins, an alternati-
ve could be any kind of fixation by the Extension, and
Parameters like Secular Variations of their Physical
Constants and correspondingly of the Topological
Properties and Metrie, for what however the current
Properties of the World set a narrow scope. Without
such variations, global State Variables like Surfaces or
Volumes of all Dimensions which were initially finite or
properties like Closedness should continue like this.

However, like variations of Physical Constants can
look global parts of the Metrie Coefficients. At least
at the very beginning, they may depend on previ-
ously but should not depend on only later effectua-
ted Dimensions and their Variables but perhaps in a
generic manner - thus the global Metrie Coefficient
ofthe effective Information Content or the Grow Rate
should not depend on the Time or Position; that of
the Time not be a funetion of the Position; that of
the Extension not depend on the direction Angle.

A privileged place has the Action as primary Fun-
damental Force, lacking antecessors and without
sense to distinguish its individual and generic or

26

first and higher Rank order Effects. An initially expon-
ential Grow Rate of the effective Information Content
should not can continue after 6 to 10 evolutionary
Steps ifother dimensions continue to grow only linear
or potentially. One has to expect effects like Nesting
into Subspaces or Bunching of Informations; for ob-
jects belonging to previous Dimensions (Light, Mat-
ter) a lower sensibility or Not-Localizability for pro-
cesses relevant in subsequent Dimensions; Cooling
down with increasing distances between Events, and
others. If a Dynamical Global Variable is distributed
over a proportionally increasing Statical one in porti-
ons according to their Physical Constants, then this
means a growing Number of inversely smaller por-
tions (for example, if new total Energy as geometrical
effect of an expanding Extension Space appears not-
localizably as Photons with its Extent as wavelength,
then decreases their Energy and increases their Grow
Rate with the Rank or Energy or Extent of this Space,
or their Number with their product or its Surface). Al-
ternatively, later inflationary Grow Rates also of other
global State Variables would not be impossible in our
model, but are not necessary and only few plausible.
For the Transition of our model from a Discrete
Treatment to a Continuum and to the later cosmolo-
gy, the local Metrie near the Oldest Area of each Di-
mension could be of interest. Each Dimension con-
tains its first, Oldest Spot in opposite direction to its
(depending on the metric more or less important)
Spatial Center; its Origin, Surface, Horizon and
Spatiotemporal Center or Oldest Spot of the pre-
vious Dimension however is from it unreachable and
Not-Localizeable and 'appears' in a distance of its
global State Variable. Here are all Metrics possible
for each Space - from a local Curvature proportional

27

to the distance from the Oldest Point, or unchanged
as it was effectuated so that the temporal evolution
remains 'freezen' spatially and the Oldest Areas of
the space lag behind far and almost light-fast, over
a discrete, sudden drop of the Metrie a few Elemen-
tary Units near the Oldest Spot, tili no change at all
and the Oldest Area almost indistinguishable from
other areas. Also quantummechanical considera-
tions about the initial local Energy distribution gave
only few significant results. In principle are possible
the most Metrics usually considered as realistic, and
for a distinetion observations by the common me-
thods are necessary.

However, all these analyses confirm the explained
Order of the Dimensions. Besides of the successive
Effectuation of and the Relationship between the
Dimensions, Fundamental Forces, Physical Constants
and global State Equations, inclusive the attribution
of these of the model to the observed ones of the
real World, the exaet shape or Metrie Coefficients
are of secondary interest for our model.

Subspaces can arise as simple objeets or other
Systems of Events with the Complementary Aspects
of their Action as own Dimensions within a Proper
Frame, after sufficiently time isolated and evolving,
further than Photons; as effects to avoid collisions
or simultaneously validity of occasionally effectuated
contradictory Informations; by transformations of
some contributions of the Line Element like Action to
otherslikeTimeorCurvature, and bysimilaroccurren-
ces, besides by the classical Gravitational Collaps.

28

* As a final State of the World one would expect,
that more and more Space and Objects together
with all its Aftereffects or Forces fall into nested
Subspaces which grow whilst the Expansion of Volu-
me and Size slackens or the Metrie changes essen-
tially. Therefore, the Action per Energy diminuishes,
but also the Energy per Volume, so that Events be-
come much more distant than only by the Cooling
down. The persisting and increasingly complicated
Abstract like Aftereffects overtops more and more
thefading Concrete, Individualized, new Action, until
it hinders them and itself completely, reaching its
insuperable contradictions, the Limits of the Dimen-
sions and Natural Forces within them as functional.
Finally, the outer Space would lose its identity. It
seems on the other hand, that the Fundamental Force
of each Space, for everything inside or efectuated by
it inclusive for its Subspaces, makes logically impos-
sible and prevents its Separation from its constitu-
tionally Facts, until an end of Events and Action there.

In this manner, the simple model describes very
plausibly an immediate Origination of the Dimensi-
ons relevant for us, within 3 Elementary Times, with
transition and correspondence to the current Physics
and Evidence, inclusive continuation of their initial
properties and relations until today and biggest sca-
les, and with further properties like Causality favou-
rable for describing the later evolution.

29

Work by the author to this topic

Landgraf, W.: Welt und Wirkungsprinzip. 1997

(l.Aufl.) ISBN 979-10-90349-00-1 , 978-1-4457-3829-1 ,
2010 (2. Aufl.) ISBN 979-10-90349-01-8 , 979-10-90349-
02-5 , 978-1-4457-4129-1 , 978-1-4457-3071-4 , 978-1-
4515-8456-1

30

*- ^fc

The Action as Natural Force

and the Origin of

Time, Space,

Dimensions, Natural Forces,

and Laws of
Logics, Geometry and Physics
at the Origination of the World

The Action World Model contains a plausible
description of the origination of the World,
according to which, starting from the most simple
condition of an inside itself logically necessary
affirmation of its own existence, everything will be
effectuated successively, so that its logical,
geometrical and physical properties are aspects of
the realization or aftereffects of primordial facts,
without that this would exclude any external
creation. The first dimensions with their natural
constants which characterize them formally and
subjectively, are: Number of produced Facts and
Action, with Single events and elementary action;
Time and Energy, with their elementary units;
Speed or Extension and Impulse, with the light
speed and elementary length; Curvature or two
Spatial Directions with gravitational constant, and
by their corresponding primary natural forces are
constituted these familiär for us.

ISBN 979-10-90349-10-0

9'791090"349100

90000

The Action as Natural Force

and the Origin of

Time, Space,

Dimensions, Natural Forces,

and Laws of
Logics, Geometry and Physics
at the Origination of the World

The Action World Model contains a plausible
description of the origination of the World,
according to which, starting from the most simple
condition of an inside itself logically necessary
affirmation of its own existence, everything will be
effectuated successively, so that its logical,
geometrical and physical properties are aspects of
the realization or aftereffects of primordial facts,
without that this would exclude any external
creation. The first dimensions with their natural
constants which characterize them formally and
subjectively, are: Number of produced Facts and
Action, with Single events and elementary action;
Time and Energy, with their elementary units;
Speed or Extension and Impulse, with the light
speed and elementary length; Curvature or two
Spatial Directions with gravitational constant, and
by their corresponding primary natural forces are
constituted these familiär for us.

9'79109o"349100

The Action as Natural Force

and the Origin of

Time, Space, Dimensions, Natural Forces, and

Laws of Logics, Geometry and Physics

at the Origination of the World

Werner Landgraf

ISBN 979-10-90349-10-0

90000